In USA what is a student in a second year of study called?

Untitled Document How do I become an Academic Student in the USA? Who is Allowed to Study in the United States? A nonimmigrant is someone admitted to the U.S. temporarily for a specific purpose. People who are coming to the United States to pursue full-time academic or vocational studies are usually admitted in one of two nonimmigrant categories. The F-1 category includes academic students in colleges, universities, seminaries, conservatories, academic high schools, other academic institutions, and in language training. The M-1 category includes vocational students. Please note: If you wish to attend public high school (grades 9-12) in the United States in student (F-1) status, you must submit evidence that the local school district has been reimbursed in advance for the unsubsidized per capita cost of the education. Also, attendance at U.S. public high schools cannot exceed a total of 12 months. F-1 students are prohibited from attending public elementary schools and publicly-funded adult education programs in the United States. Please find more information in the Visa-related questions section What Happens when I Arrive in the USA? Wherever you enter the United States, you should be ready for inspection by customs and immigration officials. Customs will often ask many questions, and may examine your luggage. The embassy or consulate will have placed your Form I-20 or IAP-66 in a sealed envelope for presentation to an immigration officer. I-20, IAP-66 and the I-94 On arrival, you should receive a Form I-94 (Arrival-Departure Record) that will include your admission number to the United States and your immigration status (F1, J1, M2...). An Immigration inspector will write this admission number on your Form I-20 M-N/ID. The Inspector will then take pages one and two of this form, known as I-20 M-N. The USCIS will receive the first page (I-20M) and your school will receive the second page (I-20 N) as a record of your legal admission to the United States. You are expected to keep pages three and four, known as the I-20 ID. This document is your proof that you are allowed to study at the indicated institution in the United States. You should see a school representative if you need a replacement copy of your I-20 ID. You should also keep safe your Form I-94, because it proves that you legally entered the United States. Remember: RETURN TO THE TOP OF THIS PAGE Visa-related Questions First of all, your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond the end of your intended stay in the US. Before leaving for the US, make a photocopy of the page containing your photograph and passport number. If your passport is lost or stolen, this will make it easier to replace the passport. Keep the photocopy in a safe place, but do not carry it with your passport. If your passport is lost or stolen, notify your embassy and the police immediately. Visas in General: A visa is the permission to enter a country. Visas get issued by the U.S. embassy or the consulate in your home country. Prerequisites are health, no criminal record, ability to be financially independent and the intention to leave the USA after completion of your studies. Medical requirements contain vaccinations, an HIV test and an x-ray of the chest. There are three types of student visas: F1 - Student Visa: The F1 visa is for full-time students enrolled in an academic or language program. A full-time course load must be maintained and the studies must be completed by the expiration date listed on the I-20 form. Students get an extra 60 days at the end of their stay. J1 – Exchange Visitor Visa: J-1 visas get issued to individuals who take part in a wide range of a exchange visitor programs sponsored by schools, businesses, and a variety of organizations and institutions. These programs are envisioned for business and industrial trainees, scholars, students, international visitors, teachers, research assistants and on cultural missions. In addition, there are several exchange visitor programs for young people, including summer employment programs, internship programs for u


Who was buried at Grytviken, South Georgia in 1922?

Explorer's ashes finally laid to rest next to Sir Ernest Shackleton - Telegraph Antarctica Explorer's ashes finally laid to rest next to Sir Ernest Shackleton The ashes of the adventurer Sir Ernest Shackleton considered his "other  self" were on Sunday laid to rest alongside those of the great  Anglo-Irish explorer nearly a century after their last expedition together.   Image 1 of 2 After Frank Wild's death aged 66, in South Africa in August 1939, his widow had him cremated so that his final wish of being buried next to Shackleton on the island of South Georgia in the South Atlantic might be possible    Image 1 of 2 Ernest Shackleton (left) at ocean Camp in 1915 standing next to Frank Wild, his second in command of the Antarctic expedition Photo: ALAMY


The United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing is also known as what?

United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing | Article about United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing by The Free Dictionary United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing | Article about United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing by The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/United+Society+of+Believers+in+Christ%27s+Second+Appearing Also found in: Dictionary , Thesaurus , Wikipedia . Related to United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing: Shaking Quakers Shakers, popular name for members of the United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing, also called the Millennial Church. Members of the movement, who received their name from the trembling produced by religious emotion, were also known as Alethians. The movement originated in a Quaker revival in England in 1747, and was led by James and Jane Wardley. However, the sect, then known as the Shaking Quakers, grew strong only after the appearance of Ann Lee Lee, Ann, 1736–84, English religious visionary, founder of the Shakers in America. Born in Manchester, she worked there in the cotton factories and then became a cook. In 1762 she was married to Abraham Stanley, a blacksmith. In 1758 she had joined the "Shaking Quakers. ..... Click the link for more information. . Imprisoned for her zeal, she believed herself the recipient of the mother element of the spirit of Christ. Following a vision, she and eight followers emigrated (1774) to New York state and in 1776 founded a colony at Watervliet, near Albany. Mother Ann, as she was known, gained a number of converts, who after her death (1784) began the formation of Shaker communities. By 1826 there were 18 Shaker communities in eight states, as far west as Indiana. After 1860, Shakerism began to decline; by 2000 it was almost nonexistent, with a tiny community in New Gloucester, Maine, constituting the only active Shaker village in the country. One of the fundamental doctrines of the society was belief in the dual nature of the Deity. The male principle was incarnated in Jesus; the female principle, in Mother Ann. Other tenets were celibacy, open confession of sins, communal ownership of possessions in the advanced groups, separation from the world, pacifism, equality of the sexes, and consecrated work. Singing, dancing, and marching characterized phases of Shaker worship. The community was organized into groups, called families, of between 30 and 90 individuals. The believers donated their services and possessions but were always free to leave. Shaker furniture and handcrafts are noted for their fine design and crafting. Bibliography See E. D. Andrews and F. Andrews, Shaker Furniture (1937, repr. 1964) and The People Called Shakers (2d ed. 1963); J. G. Shea, American Shakers and Their Furniture (1970); H. C. Desroche, The American Shakers (tr. 1971); P. J. Brewer, Shaker Communities, Shaker Lives (1986); S. J. Stein, The Shaker Experience in America (1992); S. Skees, God among the Shakers (1998). Shakers/United Society of Believers (religion, spiritualism, and occult) During the eighteenth century many Christian communities, sects, cults, and denominations were formed, each with its own expressive way of interpreting the Gospel. In Manchester, England, a group led by James Wardley broke off from a Quaker community (see Quakers/Religious Society of Friends) because they wanted to practice a form of religious expression foreign to Quaker tradition. They believed in the ideals of simplicity and gender equality beloved by Quakers, but their services were often interrupted as members experienced ecstatic dance and trembling when filled with the Holy Spirit. Because of this habit, they became known as "Shaking Quakers." Understandably for the time, they were soon the objects of persecution and harassment. One of the founders of the group was a young woman known as Ann Lee. During a long imprisonment she experienced a vision in which it was revealed to her that she was the Second Coming of Christ, the female component of "God the Father/M


What horse race might originally have been called the Bunbury Stakes?

The Belmont Stakes and the Triple Crown: a non-horse racing fan's guide - Vox The Belmont Stakes and the Triple Crown: a non-horse racing fan's guide The 2014 Belmont Stakes. (Al Bello/Getty Images) The Belmont Stakes is here. At around 6:50 pm ET on Saturday, some 20 million Americans will stop what they're doing to watch eight horses run a mile and a half around a dirt track in Long Island. The whole thing will take less than three minutes. Most people will be watching because of American Pharoah , a horse that has already won two other big races, the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness Stakes. If American Pharoah wins the Belmont as well, he'll be the first horse to win the Triple Crown since 1978. That's a big deal — even in an era when horse racing has declined in prominence. The race will be broadcast on NBC and streamed online , with coverage starting at 4:30 ET. For non-horse racing fans, here's a quick primer. 1) What is the Triple Crown? The Kentucky Derby, the first leg of the Triple Crown. (Jamie Squire/Getty Images) The Triple Crown is a set of three horse races (the Kentucky Derby in Louisville, the Preakness Stakes in Baltimore, and the Belmont Stakes in Elmont, New York), run every year in May and June. They're by far the most prominent horse races in the United States, and in the rare event that a horse wins all three in one year, he wins a trophy of the same name (almost all the horses in these races are males, and they're all of a particular breed called thoroughbred ). (NY Daily News Archive via Getty Images) The races began in the 1860s or '70s, and gradually rose to prominence as horse racing boomed as a spectator sport during the 1920s. The New York Times popularized the term "triple crown" in 1930, after Gallant Fox became the second horse to win all three races. In 1950, these races were effectively enshrined as the pinnacle of the sport, when the Thoroughbred Racing Association commissioned the trophy. To that point, eight different horses had won the Triple Crown. Three more — including the legendary Secretariat, who still holds the all-time speed records in all three races — did it during the 1970s, an era often considered the golden age of horse racing . No horse has accomplished the feat since. And even though the popularity of horse racing has gradually faded, the allure of the Triple Crown means lots of people still tune in every year, especially when there's a horse with a chance of winning it. 2) Why is it so hard to win the Triple Crown? The most recent Triple Crown trophy, won by Affirmed in 1978. ( Jean ) The most commonly cited reason is that these three races are different lengths , with the Belmont 20 percent longer than the Derby. In the specialized world of thoroughbred racing, this is a bit like asking a sprinter to run and win a marathon for the first time. Some horses that win the earlier races are unable to continue dominating as the races get longer. Additionally, all three races are packed into five weeks, and fresh challengers can enter the field during that time. This may be a bigger problem nowadays than in the 1970s, some say , because horses don't run as many races during training, and don't develop the same level of endurance. Finally, one overlooked factor might have to do with a restriction common to all three races: all the horses running have to be 3 years old. It's like asking a sprinter to run and win a marathon This rule originated back in the 1800s, in the prestigious English races these races are modeled for. The reasoning was that horses don't generally reach full maturity — and top speed — until they're 4 or 5. And as Brendan Koerner puts it at Slate , "A race consisting of 4-year-olds would be something of a snooze, because by that time it would be clear which horses were great and which were lackluster. On the other hand, 3-year olds guarantee both viewing and wagering excitement." This excitement depends upon variability. The horse that wins the Kentucky Derby might be outstripped by a later-maturing horse in the Preakness or the Belmont. It's somewhat akin


Which is the only moon in the solar system with atmosphere?

Titan Moon Facts Natural color image of Titan taken by Cassini, the moon is covered by a thick atmosphere Titan Moon Facts Titan is the sixth moon in distance from Saturn. It is the largest of Saturn's moons and the second largest in the solar system. Titan has a diameter of 3,200 miles (5150 km) which is larger than the planet Mercury and 50% larger than our own moon. It orbits around Saturn at a distance of 759,000 miles (1.2 million km) taking 16 days to complete one orbit of the planet. Titan is the only moon in the solar system with a significant atmosphere. It is the only body in the solar system apart from Earth known to have large areas of liquid on its surface. Bodies of standing liquid methane on Titan are as large as the Great Lakes of North America. Like water on Earth methane exists on Titan as a liquid, solid and a gas. Rain falls on Titan in the form of liquid methane. Atmospheric pressure on Titan is only 1.6 greater of that on Earth. Artist's impression of a landscape on Titan Titan's Surface A lack of crater impacts on Titan indicates a surface which has been modified by flowing liquids. Standing lakes of liquid methane exist on the surface as well as dry river valleys. There is also evidence for cryovolcanism, where instead of spewing molten rock, volcanoes erupt with water and ammonia. Titan's Temperature The average temperature on Titan's surface is -179C (-290F). Titan's Atmosphere Titan has an extremely thick atmosphere and like Earth it consists mainly of nitrogen, 95% in the case of Titan compared to 78% on Earth. The remaining 5% is made up of methane (3%) and hydrogen (2%). Could life exist in the lakes on Titan? Life on Titan It is believed the atmosphere of early Earth was very similar in composition to what we see on Titan today. As a result Titan is often compared to a frozen version of primordial Earth. As methane is a substitute for water on Titan some forms of methanogenic lifeforms could exist in the harsh conditions. Another theory is that liquid ammonia oceans could be present deep under the surface which could provide an environment for microbial life to exist. Origin of Name Christiaan Huygens named the moon Saturnas Luna (Saturn's moon) after his discovery in 1655. After Giovanni Domenico Cassini discovered four more moons between 1673 and 1686 it was renamed Saturn IV (Saturn 4) as it was then thought to be the fourth moon. In 1847 John Herschel, son of William Herschel, suggested that Saturn's moons be named after the Titans, a race of powerful deities from Greek mythology. He suggested the moon be simply named Titan. Missions to Titan Launch: 2020 Agency: NASA/ESA (Europe) Summary: TSSM is an ambitious joint venture between NASA and the ESA to explore Titan. The mission consists of an orbiter, a hot air balloon (pictured left) which will float in Titan's clouds and a lake lander which will study the bodies of liquid methane found on the surface. Cassini-Huygens Arrival: October 2004 Agency: NASA/ESA (Europe) Summary: Until the arrival of this spacecraft little was known about Titan, Cassini-Huygens changed that dramatically. Numerous flybys and a successful landing of the Huygens Probe on Titan has revealed vast liquid methane lakes, wind driven sand dunes and the possible presence of deep liquid water-ammonia oceans. Voyager 1 and 2 Arrival: November 1980-August 1981 Agency: NASA Summary: Voyager 1 made a successful close flyby of Titan but unfortunately did not possess the necessary equipment to see past its thick atmosphere. Voyager 2 passed at a much greater distance so provided little new detail. NASA had the option of sending Voyager 2 to take a much closer look at Titan but instead decided to steer the craft towards Uranus and Neptune. Pioneer 11 Arrival: September 1979 Agency: NASA Summary: Made a successful flyby of Titan concluding that it was too cold to support life. The craft also sent back low quality images. Share this page


In Italian sport, what name is given to the fanatical groups of supporters, particularly of the Ferrari motor racing team?

Ferrari Challenge THE TRACKS: California Speedway, Fontana California Speedway is a two-mile, low-banked, D-shaped oval super-speedway in Fontana, California, similar to that of its ‘sister track’, the Michigan International Speedway, which located on the site of the former Kaiser Steel mill. It is a relatively new track, opening in early 1997, located a stone's throw from the old Ontario Motor Speedway and the old Riverside International Raceway. Like many modern oval tracks, California Speedway also features an infield road-course. The facility is often used for television shows and commercials, and for major films. In 2000, portions of Charlie's Angels were filmed at the speedway and in 2004, portions of Herbie: Fully Loaded were filmed there. California Speedway was considerably overhauled in 1999 following the death of Canadian driver Greg Moore, who was killed in a crash into a concrete retaining wall. This incident resulted in a major overhaul of the track, including the paving of the infield grass on the backstretch in time for the 2000 NASCAR event. Circuit Gilles Villeneuve, Montreal The Circuit Gilles Villeneuve is located at Parc Jean-Drapeau on Île Notre-Dame, a man-made island in the St. Lawrence River in Montreal. The racetrack is named after legendary Ferrari driver, Canadian Gilles Villeneuve, who won six Grand Prix races in his short career at the highest level of motor-racing, before he tragically died in an infamous 140mph collision with German Jochen Mass in the 1982 Belgian Grand Prix at Zolder. The Circuit Gilles Villeneuve is the venue for the Formula One Canadian Grand Prix. Though the circuit’s roads were designed for automobile racing, they are also used as public roads for the rest of the year and many experienced drivers have been caught out by barriers located very close to the track. The most famous part of the circuit is the Quebec Wall on the outside of the exit of the final chicane, which famously ended the race of Formula One World Champions, Damon Hill, Michael Schumacher & Jacques Villeneuve in 1999. Fiorano, Italy Fiorano is the historic home of Ferrari and symbolises the heritage, emotion and engineering excellence at the heart of the Maranello legend. The Fiorano circuit is located a stone’s throw from the factory in Maranello and was officially opened on 8th April 1972. It is a private track used purely for development and testing and to allow Ferrari customers to test drive new cars. On 4th June 1988 Pope John Paul II visited Ferrari and completed one lap of the track alongside Piero Ferrari. The track is 8.4 metres (27.6 ft) wide and 3.02 km (1.9 miles) long. As it's a testing track, it has many different kinds of turns and corners, with corner diameters between 13 metres (42.7 ft) and 0.3 metres (1.0 ft), and is fully equipped with telemetry instrumentation and a large steering pad for testing. It's a common sight to see Ferrari ‘Tifosi' peering through the roadside fence, the closest point at which the track is viewable to the public, to get a glimpse of the tests in progress. Hockenheim, Germany The Hockenheimring Baden-Württemberg, situated in Germany’s Rhine valley. Originally built in 1932, it first hosted the German Grand Prix in 1970, when F1 drivers boycotted the Nürburgring unless major changes were made on that circuit. Subsequently, the German Grand Prix ran at Hockenheim from 1977 to 2006 (with the exception of 1985, when the race was again held at the Nürburgring). Scuderia Ferrari has had a particularly good run in current years, having won the World Championship six times since 1994, with Michael Schumacher winning the race three times for Ferrari at Hockenheim since 2002. 2002 was also the year that the Hockenheim circuit was completely modified, with the long straights through the forest and the Ostkurve disappearing completely. The circuit now features a far tighter first turn, the Nordkurve, a number of second and third gear corners and a host of other challenging corners reaching the Motodrom, which remains unchanged. The tight hairpin following the very lon


Glossitis affects which part of the human body?

24 Effects of HIV on the Body 24 Effects of HIV on the Body Written by Ann Pietrangelo Medically Reviewed by George Krucik, MD, MBA on EFFECTS OF HIV ON THE BODY EFFECTS OF HIV ON THE BODY The Effects of HIV on the Body Once the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enters your body, it launches a direct attack on your immune system. It gradually weakens your natural defenses against disease and infection and can affect every part of your body. Find out how. Immune System Under Attack Inflammation of the Brain and Spinal Cord Balance Issues A Strain on the Heart Diarrhea Itchiness Effects of HIV/AIDS on the Body The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seeks and destroys CD4+ cells, a type of T lymphocyte (T cell). T cells are critical to the immune system. They’re responsible for warding off diseases and most infections, including viral infections. HIV targets the type of cells that would normally fight off an invader like HIV. As the virus replicates, it damages or destroys the infected CD4+ cell and produces more virus to infect more CD4+ cells. Without treatment, this cycle continues in most infected people until the immune system is badly compromised, leaving them open to many serious infections and illnesses. Many of the illnesses that people compromised immune systems get are rare in people with functioning immune systems. How quickly the virus progresses varies from person to person. Factors like your age, overall health, and how quickly you’re diagnosed and treated can make a difference. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the final stage of HIV. At this stage, the immune system is severely weakened, and the risk of contracting opportunistic infections is much greater. Not everyone with HIV will go on to develop AIDS. Importantly, many of the effects described here are related to the failure of the immune system in progressing HIV and AIDS. Many of these effects are preventable with early antiretroviral treatment, which can preserve the immune system. However, for anyone without access to effective antiretroviral treatment, these effects remain possible. Immune System Your immune system prevents your body from acquiring the diseases and infections that come your way. White blood cells defend you against viruses, bacteria, and other organisms that can make you sick. When HIV enters the body, it goes straight for the CD4+ T cells that are a lynchpin for the operation of the entire immune system. As the virus infects and kills more of these T cells, your immune system grows weaker, and you become more susceptible to illness. Early on, symptoms may be mild enough to be dismissed. Within a few months of becoming infected, most people experience a flu-like sickness that lasts a few weeks. Symptoms may include: fever swollen lymph glands mouth or genital ulcers The first stage of HIV is called the acute infection stage. The virus reproduces rapidly at this stage. You may not have much in the way of serious symptoms, but there are usually large quantities of virus in your blood. Many people are unaware of their HIV status at this point, but the risk of transmission during the acute infection stage is very high. Acute infection may cause flu-like symptoms, including decreased appetite, headache, night sweats, and others. The next stage is called the clinical latent infection state. On average, it lasts 8 to 10 years. In some cases, it lasts much longer than that. You may or may not have symptoms during this stage. As the virus advances, CD4 count decreases more drastically. This can lead to symptoms like: fatigue weight loss diarrhea If HIV infection advances to AIDS, the body becomes prone to opportunistic infections. People with advanced HIV/AIDS are at increased risk of a number of infections, including a herpes virus called cytomegalovirus. It can cause problems with your eyes, lungs, and digestive tract. Kaposi’s sarcoma, another possible infection, is a cancer of the blood vessel walls. It’s rare among the general population, but common in people who are HIV-positive. Symptoms include red or dark purple lesions


Compounds of mercury and a metal are known as what?

Mercury (Metal) facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Mercury (Metal) Note: This article, originally published in 1998, was updated in 2006 for the eBook edition. Overview Mercury is a transition metal. A transition metal is one of the elements found between Groups 2 (IIA) and 13 (IIIA) on the periodic table. The periodic table is a chart that shows how chemical elements are related to one another. Mercury has long been known as quicksilver, because it is a silver liquid. The chemical symbol also reflects this property. The symbol, Hg, comes from the Latin term hydrargyrum, meaning "watery silver." Mercury has been known for thousands of years. In many cultures, people learned to make mercury metal from its most important ore, cinnabar. When heated cinnabar releases mercury as a vapor (gas). The vapor is cooled and captured as liquid mercury. SYMBOL PRONUNCIATION MER-kyuh-ree Some mercury compounds are known to be poisonous. For example, mercuric chloride (corrosive sublimate) was often used to kill pests and, sometimes, people. On the other hand, some mercury compounds have been used as medicines. For instance, mercurous chloride (calomel) was long used as a cure for skin rashes. In the last forty years, the dangers of mercury have become better known. As a result, mercury use is now being phased out. Discovery and naming The oldest sample of mercury dates to about the fifteenth or sixteen century b.c. It was found in an Egyptian tomb at Kurna, stored in a small glass container. Mercury and cinnabar are both mentioned in ancient manuscripts. The Chinese, Hindus, Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans all recorded information about the element and its ore. Greek philosopher Theophrastus (372-287 b.c.), for example, described a method for preparing mercury. Cinnabar was rubbed together with vinegar in a clay dish. Theophrastus wrote that the cinnabar had been found in silver mines. When the metal was first made, he said, people thought it might contain gold. They were misled by the metal's shiny appearance. They soon realized, however, that it was quite different from gold. Many reports on mercury told of its poisonous effects. Slaves who worked in Roman mercury mines, for example, often died of exposure to mercury. Strangely enough, trees and plants around these mines were not affected. Mercury was sometimes very dangerous and sometimes quite safe. People even drank from streams that ran through mercury mines. Scientists now know that mercury's effects depend on the form in which it occurs. Mercury amalgams have also been around for a long time. An amalgam is a combination of mercury with at least one other metal. Amalgams are formed when a metal, such as silver, dissolves in mercury. The process is similar to dissolving salt in water. Amalgamation is used in mining to remove silver from ore. The silver dissolves in the mercury and a silver amalgam is formed. Heating the amalgam releases the silver. This method was used by miners as early as the sixteenth century. Physical properties Mercury is the only liquid metal. In fact, there is only one other liquid element, bromine. Bromine is a non-metal. Mercury can be frozen (changed into a solid) at a temperature of –38.85°C (–37.93°F). It can be changed into a gas ("boiled") at 365.6°C (690.1°F). Its density is 13.59 grams per cubic centimeter. Mercury has two physical properties of special interest. First, it has very high surface tension. Surface tension is a property of liquids that make them act like they are covered with a skin. For example, some water bugs are able to walk on the surface of water. With care, one can float a needle on the surface of water. These incidents are possible because of water's surface tension. Mercury is also a very good conductor of electricity. This property is used in a number of practical devices. One such device is a mercury switch, such as the kind that turns lights on and off. A small amount of mercury can be placed into a tiny glass capsule. The capsule can be made to tip back and forth. As it tips, the mercury flows fr


Who was sent as Ambassador to Outer Mongolia in 1957 by Khrushchev?

Nikita Khrushchev Assignment   Did the ouster of Nikita Khrushchev in 1964 indicate that the Soviet Union had fundamentally changed its political system since the death of Stalin in 1953?   Background   After Stalin's death in March 1953, his successors realized that they could not continue to use his methods.  Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev , (5/17 April 1894 - 11 September 1971), a self-made man who had entered the Politburo in 1939, soon emerged as the leading figure.  Over the next five years Khrushchev out maneuvered his political rivals and became the most powerful political figure in Russia.   Born in 1894, Khrushchev--unlike Lenin and most of the other Soviet leaders--was the son of a miner and the grandfather of a serf.  After a village education, he began work as a pipe fitter at the age of fifteen in Donetsk.  Because of his factory employment, he was not conscripted into the tsarist army during World War I.  In 1918 he became a member of the Bolshevik party and served in the Red Army during the Civil War.  In the 1920s he began a rapid rise in the party ranks as a full time party worker, and by 1933 he had become the second secretary of the Moscow Regional Committee.   During the early 1930s Khrushchev consolidated his hold on the Moscow party and emerged on the national scene.  In 1934, at the Seventeenth Party Congress, he became a full member of the Central Committee of the Party.  He was a firm supporter of Stalin in those years and participated in the purges of party leadership.  By 1939, he had become a full member of the Politburo.   During the war Khrushchev was attached to the Soviet Army with the rank of lieutenant general.  He was the political adviser to Marshal Andrei Yeromenko during the defense of Stalingrad (Volgograd).  In 1949 Stalin called him back to Moscow, where he took over his old job as head of the Moscow city party and concurrently was appointed a secretary of the Central Committee.  Khrushchev became more and more involved in agriculture and proposed a new scheme for the creation of agrogorods ("farming towns").   Within six months of Stalin's death in 1953 and the execution of the deputy prime minister and KGB chief, Lavrentii Beria, Khrushchev engaged in a power struggle with Georgii Malenkov, Stalin's heir apparent, and gained the decisive margin by his control of the party machinery.  :In September 1953 he replaced Malenkov as first secretary and in 1955 removed Malenkov from the premiership in favor of his hand-picked nominee, Marshal Nikolai Bulganin.   On the night of 24-25 February 1956, during the 20th Party Congress in Moscow, Khrushchev delivered his memorable Secret Speech about the excesses of Stalin's one-man rule, attacking the late Soviet ruler's "intolerance, his brutality, his abuse of power" and blaming it on the "cult of personality" that Stalin had forged.  The sight of the First Secretary of the Communist Party exposing the wrongful executions of the purges of the 1930s and the excesses of Soviet repression had far-reaching effects.  The resulting "thaw" in the Soviet Union led to the release of thousands of political prisoners and the "rehabilitation" of many thousands more who had perished.   The destalinization movement also had repercussions in the communist countries of Eastern Europe. Poland revolted against its government in October 1956, and Hungary followed shortly afterward.  Faced with open revolution, Khrushchev flew to Warsaw on 19 October and ultimately acquiesced in the Polish leader Wladyslaw Gomulka's solution, which allowed the Poles a great deal of freedom.  But Khrushchev's decided to crush the Hungarian Revolution by force, largely because of the Hungarian Premier Imre Nagy's decision to withdraw from the Warsaw Pact.   In June 1957 Khrushchev almost lost his position, and, although a vote in the Presidium actually went against him, he managed to reverse this by appealing to the full membership of the party Central Committee.  In retaliation, he secured the permanent disgrace of Malenkov, Vyacheslav Molotov, and others, who were labeled memb


In 1911 who led the first successful expedition to reach the South Pole?

Amundsen Becomes First to Reach South Pole, December 14, 1911 - Scientific American Scientific American Amundsen Becomes First to Reach South Pole, December 14, 1911 Under the command of Roald Amundsen, the South Pole was discovered 100 years ago Advertisement | Report Ad One hundred years ago today the South Pole was reached by a party of Norwegian explorers under the command of Roald Amundsen. The existence of the pole had been known, but the inhospitable landscape presented a barrier until Amundsen’s party made the dangerous trek across ice and snow to stand at the geographical South Pole on this day a century ago. One of Amundsen’s competitors, Robert Falcon Scott and his party, achieved a different kind of fame: they arrived on January 17, 1912 to find they were second in the race to fame, and they perished on their way back north. News of Amundsen’s achievement was telegraphed to the world on March 7, 1912, on his return to Hobart, Australia. From Scientific American, Vol. CV1, No. 11, March 16, 1911 The Discovery of the South Pole It is much too early to give any critical account of Capt. Roald Amundsen's achievement. Many weeks must elapse before we are in complete possession of all his data. Yet even the laconic account, which he has cabled to the press, throws a flood of light on the mystery of Antarctic geography. Amundsen seems to have collected enough evidence to substantiate the theory that the great chain of mountains which extends almost uninterruptedly from Alaska to Patagonia finds its continuation in a ridge connecting Victoria Land and King Edward VII Land, and which, in honor of his queen, he has named "Queen Maude's Range." The ice barrier, which had proved for a century and a half a formidable obstacle to Antarctic exploration, is found to terminate in a bay, lying between the southeast mountain range running from South Victoria Land and a range which is probably a continuation of King Edward the VII Land and which extends in a southwesterly direction. Contrary to his original plan, Amundsen despatched one of his officers, Lieut. Prestud, to survey the Bay of Whales and the great ice barrier and to explore King Edward VII Land, of which practically nothing is known. No doubt the spur of competition played its part in unfolding the secrets of the last unexplored frigid region of the earth. Amundsen and his party at the geographic South Pole, December 14, 1911. CREDIT: PHOTO COURTESY OF NORWEGIAN-U.S. SCIENTIFIC TRAVERSE OF EAST ANTARCTICA No less than four other expeditions were in the Antarctic regions at the time while Amundsen was forcing his way south. Besides Amundsen's, there was the Japanese expedition under Lieut. Shirase, which had to retreat to Australia last spring in order to replenish its supply of dogs, and which Amundsen says landed on January 16th at the Bay of Whales, two weeks before he sailed for home; Dr. Mawson's Australian expedition, for which $215,000 had been raised up to November 1st last, and which was to land three parties between Cape Adare and Gaussberg; the German expedition under Lieut. Filchner in the "Deutschland," elaborately equipped with wireless, magnetic, and meteorological apparatus, full of the hope of establishing a base southwest of Coats Land in as high a latitude as possible; and lastly, Capt. Scott's English expedition in the "Terra Nova," which left New Zealand in November, 1910, badly damaged by stormy weather; so badly, indeed, that the necessary repairs and the cost of making good the stores that had been lost seriously depleted the resources of the party. Amundsen seems to have been helped by exceptionally favorable weather conditions. To be sure, there were storms, but not those frightful hurricanes which thwarted Shackleton. It was cold, so cold that the dogs suffered visibly; yet the average temperature was no lower than that in many an inhabited part of Canada. Amundsen himself states that part of his journey was much like a pleasure trip--"excellent ground, fine sledging, and an even temperature." The glaciers and crevasses make detours necessa


Thomas Hardy used what name for Oxford in his novels?

Map of Thomas Hardy's Wessex - The British Library Map of Thomas Hardy's Wessex English Where does the word ‘Wessex’ come from? Thomas Hardy uses the name ‘Wessex’ for the first time in chapter 50 of  Far from the Madding Crowd (1874); it was the name for the Anglo-Saxon kingdom spreading over much of the south of England, but the term fell out of use until the 19th century, when there was a revival of interest in pre-Norman Conquest England. The first documented use of the term in the 19th century is in 1868 by William Barnes, the poet who used Dorset dialect in his work, and who promoted the use of ‘indigenous’ words instead of Romance-language-based words – ‘inwit’ instead of ‘conscience’, for example. Barnes kept a school in Dorchester, close to where Hardy worked as a young architect from 1856-62, and Hardy was helped by Barnes in his study of Latin and Greek. How does Hardy use the term ‘Wessex’? Wessex functions as an imagined place based on a real region with actual places which Hardy knew well and observed closely. He creates his own place-names which correspond to actual place-names. Wessex in the novels reaches from the south coast north to Oxford (Christminster), and east from Windsor (Castle Royal) to Taunton (Toneborough) in the west; some natural or antique place-names are retained – Sedgemoor, Stonehenge – while others are altered – Salisbury Plain becomes ‘The Great Plain’, the Isle of Wight becomes ‘The Island’. And some town and city names, such as Southampton and Portsmouth, are retained. In later revisions of the novels consistencies were checked and distances and directions specified. As the popularity of the novels grew, ‘Hardy’s Wessex’ became a place of literary pilgrimage. Full title:  The works of Thomas Hardy in prose and verse. With prefaces and notes. (Wessex edition.) Published:


Which fruit has the Latin name Fragaria?

Fragaria Strawberry, Beach strawberry, Pacific beach strawberry, Sandwich beach strawberry, Virginia strawber PFAF Plant Database   Fragaria is a PERENNIAL growing to 0.2 m (0ft 8in) by 1 m (3ft 3in). It is hardy to zone (UK) 5 and is not frost tender. It is in flower from May to November, and the seeds ripen from Jun to November. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Insects.Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil. Synonyms Woodland Garden Sunny Edge; Ground Cover; Cultivated Beds; Edible Uses Edible Parts: Fruit . Edible Uses: Fruit - raw[K]. A delicious flavour, the fruit is almost as large as an average cultivated strawberry but it is not very freely produced[187, K]. Medicinal Uses Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally. None known Other Uses The plant spreads rapidly by means of runners and can be used as a ground cover[K]. Cultivation details Prefers a fertile, well-drained, moisture retentive soil in a sunny position. Tolerates semi-shade though fruit production will be reduced. This species is a hybrid of garden origin between two species from different genera, the cultivated strawberry, Fragaria x ananassa and the marsh cinquefoil, Potentilla palustris. It should eventually get a Latin name that combines parts of the two generic names, but until then it is included here under Fragaria[K]. To date (1995) only one cultivar is available in garden centres etc. Called 'Pink Panda' it spreads very freely by means of runners, flowers heavily all through the summer, but does not produce much fruit[K]. Propagation Seed - sow early spring in a greenhouse. The seed can take 4 weeks or more to germinate. The seedlings are very small and slow-growing at first, but then grow rapidly. Prick them out into individual pots when they are large enough to handle and plant them out during the summer. This plant is a bi-generic hybrid and will not breed true from seed. Division of runners, preferably done in July/August in order to allow the plants to become established for the following years crop[200]. They can also be moved in the following spring if required, though should not then be allowed to fruit in their first year. The runners can be planted out direct into their permanent positions. Other Names Found In Weed Potential Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.                             Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking. Conservation Status IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status : Related Plants


What do we call what the Americans call a thumb tack?

British and American English British and American English Conclusion Introduction Those people who complain about the difficulties of learning German, don't know how lucky they really are - they only have one language to master. Admittedly, there are regional differences of dialect in German-speaking countries, but the non-native speaker who has learned Hochdeutsch (high or standard German) should have no problems in making himself understood by citizens of Germany, Austria or Switzerland. The difficulty for the non-native learner of English on the other hand is that there is no standard English form. He is confronted with two English dialects to learn: British English and American English (leaving aside Australian, Indian, South African English etc.) And despite the many cross-cultural influences, it seems that the vocabularies, spellings and pronunciations of these two dialects are diverging year by year. To be consistent in his use of English and, more importantly, to be understood , the non-native speaker needs to know which words have distinct meanings and pronunciations depending on whether they are used by a Briton or an American. This is necessary not only for sake of communication, but also to avoid embarrassment. For example, if a Londoner tells a resident of New York that she has left her child's dummy in the pram and its nappy in the boot, she will merely be greeted with a look of bewilderment. If the New Yorker then tells the London woman that she has nice pants, he may well wonder why she doesn't seem to take his remark as a compliment. [In America dummies and nappies are called pacifiers and diapers; prams and boots are called baby carriages and trunks. For Americans pants are trousers but for Britons pants are what you wear under your trousers.] What follows are brief examples of the major areas of difference† between the two languages, together with some quiz questions. Top Spelling differences In general, where there are differences between British English (BrE) and American English (AmE) spelling, it can be said that American English has the more economical and phonetic spelling. Unnecessary letters are left out and words are spelled how they sound. An obvious example is the omission in AmE of the letter u in words such as color, neighbor, honor etc. Compare also the AmE words traveling, jewelry and program with their BrE counterparts travelling, jewellery and programme. However, this rule does not always apply. For example, you would expect skilful to be the AmE spelling and skillful the BrE spelling, but unfortunately you would be wrong! Quiz 1 In the following table, which words are spelled in American English and which in British English? Can you give the alternative spelling in each case? Example: AmE - mustache : BrE - moustache airplane Go to answers Vocabulary differences As a percentage of the total English vocabulary the number of words which are used only in one or the other country is very small, but the problem for learners of English is that these words are among the most common in the language. There are many words that are used almost exclusively by Americans which are understood by most Britons, and vice versa. But there are others which can cause difficulty. For example, most Britons know that Americans call biscuits cookies and flats apartments, but not so many know what an alumnus or a fender is. Similarly, Americans know that what they call their yard is called a garden in Britain and that trucks are lorries, but common British English words like plimsolls or oflicence may mean nothing to them. Quiz 3 From the lists below, choose the pair of words that have the same meaning and identify them as American English or British English. Example: AmE - cookie    =   BrE - biscuit closet Top Grammar British English and American English grammar are mostly in agreement; there are however some interesting variations. For example there are differences in certain verb forms. In AmE the past tense of fit is fit; in BrE it is fitted. Americans say I've gotten to know her well; Britons I've got to


What is the more common name for the group of rebels who called themselves 'The Fists of Righteous Harmony' at the turn of the 20th century?

Fists of Righteous Harmony - Factbites The FISTS are a widespread secret society of Shamanistic Death Commandos who CORRECT WRONG THINGS. All FISTS have superhuman abilities, and many of them do not even know it. To all potential myspace voters: A friend of mine likes to say, 'If you don't vote, then you don't have the right to complain.' And the way things have been lately, you may not have the right to complain if you don't vote. www.myspace.com /index.cfm?fuseaction=user.viewProfile&friendID=1774793&Mytoken=20050328170347   (591 words)    Agreement between China and the Foreign Powers Interest shall run from the 1st July, 1901, but the Chinese Government shall have the right to pay off within a term of three years, beginning January 1902, the arrears of the first six months ending the 31st December, 1901, on condition, however, that it pays compound interest at the rate of 4 per cent. In the Protocol annexed to the letter of the 16th January, 1901, China recognized the right of each Power to maintain a permanent guard in the said quarter for the defence of its Legation. The Chinese Government conceded the right to the Powers in the Protocol annexed to the letter of the i6th January, 1901, to occupy certain points, to be determined by an Agreement between them for the maintenance of open communication between the capital and the sea. web.jjay.cuny.edu /~jobrien/reference/ob26.html   (2042 words) Geography's conquest of history in The Diamond Age The rebellion of the Small Swords in 1853 is also recycled later in the novel as the rebellion of the ‘Fists of Righteous Harmony,’ which wins the Coastal Republic back for the CK, and against which Nell emerges late in the novel as a powerful freedom fighter. Nell’s life at Madame Ping’s is disrupted by the arrival of the Fists of Righteous Harmony in Shanghai who in their invasion of the city destroy the causeways and Feed lines between New Chusan and mainland China. Nell, being a foreigner in Shanghai, is imprisoned by the Fists. spot.colorado.edu /~toakes/Diamond.html   (7531 words)   Boxer Rebellion   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01) By August 1900 over 230 foreigners thousands of Chinese Christians and unknown numbers of rebels their and other Chinese had been killed in revolt and its suppression. The uprising is named for the revolutionary known as the Fists of Righteous Harmony (in the then current Wade-Giles system of Romanisation of Mandarin Chinese transliteration I-Ho Ch'üan) or in contemporary English parlance Boxers a group which initially opposed but reconciled itself to China's ruling Manchu Qing dynasty. The uprising was concentrated in north-eastern China the European powers had begun to demand territorial railroad and mining concessions. www.freeglossary.com /Boxer_Rebellion   (1122 words) The Boxer Rebellion By August 1900, over 230 foreigners, thousands of Chinese Christians and unknown numbers of rebels, their sympathizers and other Chinese had been killed in the revolt and its suppression. The uprising is named for the revolutionary society known as the Fists of Righteous Harmony (in the then current Wade-Giles system of Romanisation of Mandarin Chinese transliteration, I-Ho Ch'üan) or in contemporary English parlance, Boxers, a group which initially opposed but later reconciled itself to China's ruling Manchu Qing dynasty. The uprising was concentrated in north-eastern China where the European powers had begun to demand territorial, railroad and mining concessions. www.francesfarmersrevenge.com /stuff/archive/oldnews4/boxerrebellion.htm   (591 words) ON TARGET with Mr. G -- Separation vs. "Official Atheism" The so-called Boxer Rebellion was an outburst against foreign interventionism; it was orchestrated by the Fists of Righteous Harmony, who blended a martial philosophy with eastern mysticism. While Atheists may see the separation of church and state as a beneficial condition which balances the rights of people to believe and express whatever they choose with the those who disagree, it is questionable that all or most religious groups can l


What is the Chinese art of placement called?

Feng Shui can be called The Chinese Art of Placement*Buddhas, Quan Yins, Kwan Yins, Jade, Chinese Zodiac Animals, Chrysanthemum Stones, Rare and beautiful Feng Shui*Quartz! The finest balancing/healing crystal available today!. High quality priced right! Back to Freespirit Emporium Home                                               Back to Freespirit Rocks Home Feng Shui Feng Shui has existed for more than 4,000 years.  Can    such an ancient philosophy still be relevant today?  The answer is yes,    because the Ancient Chinese who first developed it recognized that the    universe is in a constant state of change and so Feng Shui would have to    evolve to keep pace with it. The Feng Shui Directory by Jane Butler-Biggs Throughout civilization, humankind has recognized the    power and beauty of nature and the universe.  All over the world, cultures    have believed that spirits dwelled around them in nature, the weather, the    flora and fauna-things they could not explain, but intuitively sensed    possessed something different and special.  Even primitive peoples    acknowledged and identified certain places in their surroundings that they    recognized as being unique to their senses:  a rock, grove, tree,    mountain, river, cave, or other natural places that they regarded to be    sacred and holy. To the ancient Chinese, that feeling was captured in    the philosophy of feng shui, literally, "wind-water."  Believing that    their departed ancestors were forever connected in spirit with them,    families sought to honor them by selecting their optimum final resting    places.  Male children were desired not only to carry on the family name,    but because only they were permitted to clean the graves of departed    family members.  Even today, many Chinese still associate the practice of    feng shui with death and dying. This Chinese environmental art of placement is one of    the five components of a person's destiny.  First is fate, determined by    heaven and over which you have no control or say.  It is that which    dictates who, when, how, why, and what you are at the moment of your    birth.  Luck follows after you are born, in the form of pure luck,    man-made luck, and heaven luck.  Thirdly, is feng shui, or earth luck.  Fourth are charity and philanthropy and finally, education, experience,    and self development. The three major concepts of feng shui are the flow of    energy, the balance of yin and yang, and the interaction of    the five elements. Feng Shui - Do's and Taboos by Angi Ma Wong ~~~ Shipping costs are calculated by weight.  We ship USPS Priority mail or UPS on heavy pieces unless you notify us. Your item will be lovingly and carefully packaged and we can enclose a gift card for you if you wish. We have 100% customer satisfaction at Freespirit Emporium. Expect nothing less from Freespirit Rocks! Accessories


In 1450, Jack Cade led a rebellion against which King?

Jack Cade's Rebellion History > Medieval Britain > Jack Cade's Rebellion Jack Cade's Rebellion - 1450 BY DAVID ROSS , EDITOR Overview Jack Cade's Rebellion was an uprising against the policies of Henry VI, led by, not surprisingly, Jack Cade. The majority of the participants were peasants and small landowners from Kent, who objected to forced labour, corrupt courts, the seizure of land by nobles, the loss of royal lands in France, and heavy taxation. Led by Cade, an ex-soldier, a mob gathered in Kent, defeated a government force sent to disperse them, and entered London. At first the Londoners supported Cade, but the violent behaviour of Cade's men turned the City against them. Most of the mob accepted a pardon issued by the king, and returned home. Cade himself was also pardoned, but later killed by the Sheriff of Kent. Background The never-ending struggle with France that we know as the Hundred Years War had depleted the English treasury and left the royal coffers constantly in need of replenishment. Heavy taxation was the result, but added to the burden of this taxation was the greed of royal officials, who lined their own pockets at the expense of proper administration of the tax system. Although Cade's Rebellion has sometimes been characterize as a peasant uprising (similar to the Peasant's Revolt of 1381), such is not really the case. Cade's Rebellion certainly attracted numbers of peasants, but the leaders were men of property who objected to the political climate of the times. Even churchmen joined the rebels, including the rector of Mayfield and the Prior of St Pancras in Lewes. Although they did call for some social change, notably to the Statute of Labourers, which made peasants subject to compulsory labour, social change was not the rebel's root concern. Instead, most of these minor gentry wanted an end to poor government. They did not call for sweeping social change, but for the removal of certain councilors, the return of royal estates that had been granted out, and improved methods of taxation. Cade Jack Cade is something of a mystery man; even his name is uncertain. Some of his followers called him John Mortimer, and claimed that he was related to Richard, Duke of York, and also that he had fought for France against England in the Hundred Years War. He appeared to history out of nowhere in the spring of 1450, and by sheer dint of personality became the recognized leader of the Kentish protests. The rebellion Government troops were sent to disperse the protesters in Kent. They met Cade and his men at Sevenoaks, where the rebels emerged triumphant. Cade's men marched on London, where they were welcomed by the Londoners, who were in sympathy with many of Cade's aims. The rebels stormed the Tower of London, but just failed to take the fortress. They killed the Archbishop of Canterbury and Henry's treasurer, Sir James Fiennes, as well as the Sheriff of Kent. These first two had their heads cut off and placed on placed on poles kissing each other. The royal troops regrouped and fought the rebels to a standstill. In an arranged truce Cade presented a list of his demands to royal officials. The officials assured Cade that the demands would be met, and Cade in turn handed over a list of his men so that each could receive a royal pardon. Most of the mob accepted the promise of pardon and slipped away. But neither the king nor Parliament had agreed to any of the rebel's demands, and neither seemed prepared to do so anytime soon. Henry VI demanded Cade's arrest and the rebel leader fled London. The new Sheriff of Kent, Alexander Iden, pursued Cade and caught him on July 12, 1450, at a little hamlet near Heathfield in Sussex. The hamlet is now known as Cade Street. There Cade was mortally injured, and he died on his way back to London. His corpse was hung, drawn, and quartered, and his head placed on a pole on London Bridge. Aftermath Although many of the ringleaders of the rebellion were captured and killed, in general the king's men honoured the promise of pardon for participants in the rebellion. In practical terms


The 1940s US fighter plane the 'Bearcat' was built by which company?

The Mighty Grumman F8F Bearcat Fighter! B-I-G Pratt & Whitney Engine Sounds - YouTube The Mighty Grumman F8F Bearcat Fighter! B-I-G Pratt & Whitney Engine Sounds Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Nov 28, 2010 Enjoy my video of the greatest piston-powered fighter aircraft ever built, the mighty Grumman F8F Bearcat. This mid- to late-1940s aircraft never saw combat with the U.S. Navy but did see combat in Vietnam with the French Air Force. This is the most awesome performer of all the piston-powered fighters ever designed! This has got to be the burliest sound to ever come from a fighter. Hard to believe that this aircraft is that tiny! Category


The 1997 play 'Gross Indecency' by Moises Kaufman was about the three trials of which man in the late 19th century?

Oscar Wilde’s lasting significance - World Socialist Web Site World Socialist Web Site Published by the International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI)   Oscar Wilde’s lasting significance By   David Walsh 28 July 1997 The occasion of Moisés Kaufman’s play, Gross Indecency: The Three Trials of Oscar Wilde, currently running at the Minetta Lane Theatre in New York City, provides the opportunity to begin a reexamination of Wilde’s intellectual legacy. Gross Indecency dramatizes the tragic events which befell the Irish-born playwright, novelist and essayist following upon his decision to sue the Marquess of Queensberry, father of his lover, Lord Alfred Douglas, for criminal libel in March 1895. The Marquess, a quasipsychotic bully, had publicly accused Wilde of “posing” as a homosexual. The libel trial was a disaster for the writer. It was not difficult for the defense to prove that he had done more than pose. Making use of the evidence about Wilde’s sexual activities that had emerged, the police arrested him and he was charged under an 1885 act that made all forms of “gross indecency” between males, consenting or otherwise, punishable offenses. The ensuing trial ended in a hung jury. The government pressed on, and, in a subsequent trial, obtained a conviction; Wilde was given the maximum sentence, two years with hard labor. After his release from prison in May 1897, he emigrated to France where he died three years later. Kaufman has attempted, at least in a limited fashion, to show that Wilde was not hounded merely on account of his sexual orientation. The prosecution introduced his “art for art’s sake” outlook during the trial as proof of his depraved character. The play suggests that Wilde’s homosexuality, combined with his aesthetics, espoused moreover by an Irishman with socialistic views, represented an affront to Victorian English society that could not go unpunished. The fact that Gross Indecency has enjoyed considerable popular success is a heartening sign that an audience exists for works of some substance. Oscar Wilde has been very much with us both as a personality and a creator and critic of artistic work over the course of the past century. Whether they have approved or disapproved of him, it has proven difficult for artists and intellectuals of the most diverse persuasions to ignore him. There is something in his life and work that continues to compel not merely interest, but partisanship. He is, so to speak, an unresolved issue. Born in Dublin in 1854, Wilde entered Oxford two decades later, where he came under the influence of art critic and historian John Ruskin, and, more thoroughly, Walter Pater, aesthete and author of Studies in the History of the Renaissance(1873). Wilde inherited tastes and principles, in the words of critic Edouard Roditi, “which allowed him to progress ... to a doctrine of art for art’s sake which respected only perfection of workmanship and allowed no ethical considerations to interfere in its appreciations.” It was at Oxford that he proclaimed his desire to “live up to his blue china.” In 1879 Wilde brought to London, according to Arthur Ransome’s early critical study, “a small income, a determination to conquer the town, and a reputation as a talker.... He adopted a fantastic costume to emphasize his personality, and, perhaps to excuse it, spoke of the ugliness of modern dress.” Within three years he became the butt of caricatures “several times a month” in Punch, one of the principal organs of British philistinism. Wilde had his first play, Vera, or The Nihilists, a melodrama about Russian revolutionaries, published in 1880. The following year his first collected edition of poems appeared. Wilde’s most productive period began in 1888 and continued until his imprisonment. During this time he wrote his collection of “socialist” children’s stories: The Happy Prince; The Picture of Dorian Gray; The Soul of Man Under Socialism; a volume of important critical essays, Intentions; and his major theatrical pieces. He wrote his extraordinary De Profundis while in prison, and


"Name the film based on the Noel Coward play ""Still Life"", the theme music is Rachmaninov's Piano Concerto No 7 and the railway station featured in the film was Carnforth?"

Karen's Articles Karen's Articles ~ karenmccreedy ~ Leave a comment Imagine walking the best part of 2,000 miles. Now imagine doing it over mountains, broken ice, glaciers and soft snow, in temperatures far below freezing. And there isn’t enough food; and you’re getting frostbite. Scott of the Antarctic does a very good job of illustrating how it must have felt to have been one of the men who made that journey for real when, in 1911, Captain Robert Falcon Scott led a British expedition to the South Pole in the hope of being the first to reach it. After crossing 900 miles of ice, mountains, glaciers and snow, they reached the Pole in January 1912, only to find that the Norwegians (using dogs) had beaten them to it. Bitter disappointment turned to a fight for survival as they tried to make their way back to base. The film was made with help and co-operation from survivors of the expedition, and relatives of those who didn’t make it home. The action begins in 1904, as Scott (John Mills) makes his way home on the Discovery from an earlier Antarctic expedition, and follows his efforts to raise funds via public subscription for a second trip. Volunteers arrive at his office, hoping to get the opportunity to go with him, and Captain Oates (Derek Bond) travels from India to find Scott at a fundraising talk. The departure of the ship Terra Nova from New Zealand, on the last leg of the journey to Antarctic waters, is cleverly filmed with close-ups and crowd shots, to avoid the expense of huge sets or location filming; and a similar technique is sometimes used on the actors for some of the scenes near the South Pole – the absence of misting breath gives away the studio shots. As the polar winter sets in, Scott’s lecture to his men on the planned route and the equipment and stores that will be used, serves to remind the audience of the risks involved in the expedition. Portraying Scott’s mistakes Scott’s decision to take ponies and mechanical sleds, rather than dogs – one of the major errors of judgement that contributed to the expedition’s ultimate failure – is a recurring theme throughout. We see him trying out the sleds in Norway, where he is advised to take “dogs, dogs and dogs”; during the briefing his men ask why they do not have more dogs; and when his small team finally reaches the South Pole, having man-hauled their sleds for hundreds of miles, there is a telling close-up of husky-prints in the snow around the Norwegian flag. The last-minute decision to take five men, not four, to the Pole (which meant more time and fuel when cooking); the unforeseen injury to Evans; Oates’ frost-bitten foot; the unexpectedly bad weather – all are faithfully documented. Oates’ announcement that he is “Just going outside, and I may be some time,” is as poignant, and as understated as the original diary entry suggests. The agony of being so close to salvation – just 11 miles – is illustrated with diagrams in Scott’s diary, as he notes their progress over the last 29 miles in ever-diminishing stages : 8 miles, then 5 and a half, then four and a half. As exhausted as they were, they might still have made it if only the weather had not broken so much earlier than anticipated. Trapped in their tent, out of fuel, out of food, out of hope, all they could do was write their last letters and wait for the end to come. The enduring story After all the hope, all the planning, all the expectation, the expedition ended in failure. But it was such a courageous failure that Scott and his men passed into British folklore. The film identifies some of the things that went wrong, but doesn’t dwell on them, choosing instead to highlight the bravery and endurance of the men who walked 1800 miles in the worst conditions on earth. Their story endures because we recognise the spirit that drove them on – the same spirit that put man on the moon: the desire to ‘make the first footprint’. Summary Though John Mills’ portrayal of Scott makes him a good deal more cuddly than the real man apparently was, the film does not shy away from pointing out the mistakes that were m


"Which politician coined the phrase ""A week is a long time in politics""?"

A week is a long time in politics - Idioms by The Free Dictionary A week is a long time in politics - Idioms by The Free Dictionary http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/a+week+is+a+long+time+in+politics Also found in: Encyclopedia , Wikipedia . Like this video? Subscribe to our free daily email and get a new idiom video every day! a week is a long time in politics Due to the fast-changing pace of the political landscape, the fortunes of a politician or political group can change drastically just in the course of a single week. The phrase is attributed to British Prime Minister Harold Wilson, c. 1964. The challenger is enjoying a surge in popularity after the debate, but there's still time before the election, and a week is a long time in politics.


Which actress of the early screen days was known as 'America's Sweetheart?

America's Sweetheart | Uncyclopedia | Fandom powered by Wikia edit Mary Pickford The original "America's sweetheart" was Canadian actress Mary Pickford. As a child, Mary specialized in silent pictures to promote the adage "children should be seen and not heard." By 1914, she had become an international phenomenon: not only was she known as "America's Sweetheart" in Hollywood, she also became famous back home as "Canada's Sweetheart" and internationally as "The World's Sweetheart." Pretty soon she had earned fame as "France's Sweetheart," "Japan's Sweetheart," "The Sweetheart of The United Kingdom," and so on. In Soviet Russia , Mary Pickford sweethearted YOU!! (and you liked it, didn't you?) edit Shirley Temple The first American America's Sweetheart starred in motion picture roles from a very early age. Unlike Mary, Shirley acted in movies with sound, illustrating the truth that "children are noisy brats, get over it." Her movies included Stand Up and Jeer! , Heart Transplant , and That Reagan Girl (starring with Ronald Reagan ). In the 1960's, Temple ran for congress as a Republican supporting the Vietnam War, which earned her the new title "America's Redneck." Her ability to tap-dance to various politicians' tunes, to sing the song of whomever was in power, to act out whatever scenario was required, led to political appointments as ambassador to Ghana and Czechoslovakia. Shirley plans to reclaim her sweetheart title in a 2012 film comeback for her 84th birthday, declaring "if Betty White can still be America's Sweetheart, so can I!" edit Judy Garland Judy began her ascent to sweetheartdom at the age of 13, when she sang "You Made Me Love You" for Clark Gable at his birthday party (which, despite his claims of innocence, led to accusations in the media that Clark had imposed his irresistible charm on a minor). Indeed, Judy did learn a thing or two about sweetiness from Mr. Gable, which ultimately vaulted her to #1 on the Sweetheart charts in 1939. This time Judy sweethearted America with "Over the Rainbow" and the impossible-to-resist line that still makes us all swoon to this day: "I don't think we're in Kansas anymore, Toto." A charming 17-year-old does a road trip with three actors too brainless, heartless, and spineless to make a single move on her - nope, it ain't Kansas, that's for sure. edit Marilyn Monroe The debate as to what constituted a "sweetheart" heated up in the 50's, with "innocent" factions still supporting the prototypes of Temple and Garland, while others preferred more -- "guilty" types. But if Marilyn Monroe could not be all of America's sweetheart, at least she could well-loved by its baseball star, its playwright, and its president . Marilyn never missed a photo op, even if sometimes all she had on was "the radio". A movie star who never really ever got her own blonde jokes, Marilyn became a highly talented actress. No, really. Look in the mirror and seductively sing yourself "Happy Birthday." It's just not the same, is it? edit Annette Funicello Annette saw how Shirley Temple had started so young to get an "in" to being the next America's Sweetheart - clearly if everyone falls in love with you as a cute little child you have an advantage. So little A-N-N-E-T-T-E began her career on the M-I-C-K-E-Y M-O-U-S-E show. Y? Because she knew we'd like her. And because she knew as the years passed, the average American male letch would be holding back the hormones, waiting for the 18th birthday when it would become acceptable to enjoy her beach movies with Frankie Avalon. After all, being a "sweetheart" can have subtle intonations that, well, aren't so sweet. edit Meg Ryan Then there was Meg, who charmed us all in When Harry Met Sally... as the prim and proper, adorable college girl who could smile coyly, scrunch her eyebrows endearingly, and fake orgasms convincingly (it was the 80's, after all - even for sweethearts). Meg was such a hit that she got typecast in several more films as the all-American forlorn, lovestruck sweetie - cumulating in Sleepless in Seattle, where she not only h


In astronomy what name is given to a cloud of gas and dust in space?

Cool Cosmos Interstellar Dust and Gas We often think of the vast areas of space between the stars as being completely empty. However, this is not really true. Much of the space between the stars is filled with atomic and molecular gas (primarily hydrogen and helium) and tiny pieces of solid particles or dust (composed mainly of carbon, silicon and oxygen).  In some places this interstellar material is very dense, forming nebulas. In other regions the gas and dust density is very low. The image to the right shows an infrared view of the gas and dust in our galaxy along the plane of our Milky Way galaxy. W. Waller and F. Varosi (GSFC), IRAS, SkyView, NASA Most of this interstellar gas and dust originates from the death of stars which either exploded (supernova) or blew off their outer layers, returning their material to interstellar space. From this material, new stars are formed. Often, the gas and dust between the stars can be detected only in the infrared. Dust grains absorb visible and ultraviolet light which causes them to heat up and radiate in the infrared. Also, by using infrared detectors, astronomers can penetrate the often invisible interstellar gas and dust clouds and gain much information about their composition and structure. Below are two infrared images taken by NICMOS of material being ejected into space by dying stars. Credits (Left Image): Rodger Thompson, Marcia Rieke, Glenn Schneider, Dean Hines (University of Arizona); Raghvendra Sahai (Jet Propulsion Laboratory); NICMOS Instrument Definition Team, and NASA/AURA/STScI Credits (Right Image): Credits: William B. Latter (Spitzer Science Center/Caltech) and NASA/AURA/STScI A surprise discovery from the IRAS mission was that space is filled with faint wisps of dust which cannot be seen in visible light. This has been given the name "infrared cirrus" because it resembles the cirrus clouds in the Earth's atmosphere. Infrared cirrus is very cold (15-30 K or -433 to -406 F) and can only be detected in the infrared. Its temperature is due to dust grains being slightly heated by starlight. IRAS image of cirrus at the south celestial pole and ISO-LWS spectra of infrared cirrus Infrared astronomy has also resulted in the detection of several types of complex interstellar molecules. Astronomers using ISO discovered emission lines from interstellar water vapor in a variety of sources including star forming regions, planetary nebulae and near formed stars. ISO also discovered for the first time hydrogen cyanide ice molecules in a dusty cloud surrounding a newly forming star. Many of the most important spectral lines produced by interstellar gas falls within infrared wavelengths. The Spitzer Space Telescope will conduct spectroscopic studies of interstellar dust and gas. Among these research investigations will be the important study of water, ices and organic molecules. Spitzer observations at near-infrared wavelengths will map the inner regions of our Milky Way, yielding important new information that is otherwise obscured by heavy concentrations of dust at visible wavelengths.


If you were celebrating your coral wedding anniversary, for how many years have you been married?

35th Anniversary - Thirty-Fifth Wedding Anniversary Most Popular Song 35 Years Ago: "PHYSICAL" - Olivia Newton John Price of Gasoline when you were married: $1.22 / gallon TRADITIONAL GIFT: According to ancient history, coral is said to have a magical power to prevent sterility. Coral is mostly comprised of calcium carbonate. Coral has an opaque quality to it and can be found in pink, white, orange, red and black. Angel-skin coral is considered one of the most valuable of all coral. It is found near Japan and used in most fine coral jewelry. The most valuable coral is called blood coral. Found near Italy, blood coral is the most expensive coral in the world. Any coral that contains parts of blood coral is immediately more valuable. Red coral defends against plague and pestilence. It is thought that uncut coral worn around the neck will lose its color if that person is in the presence of another person who is going to die. MODERN GIFT: Jade is another gift associated with the 35th anniversary and is emerald green in color. The two minerals that mostly comprise jade are jadeite and nephrite. Jadeite is the more sought after and valuable of the two. The best jadeite is found in Myanmar in Asia. Jade can also be found in yellow, pink, purple and black. The most common color is emerald green. In ancient times it was thought that jade protected the kidney, liver, spleen, heart, larynx, thymus and thyroid. Jade was associated with increased body strength and advanced longevity. GEMSTONE: The emerald is known for its brilliant green shine. This shine comes from a high content of chromium. Genuine emeralds contain trace amounts of iron, which actually increases the value of the stone. Some of the best emeralds in the world are found in South America, particularly Columbia and Brazil. Ancient Egyptians buried emeralds with mummies. Some of the oldest emeralds in the world were harvested from the infamous “Cleopatra mines”. Emeralds are known to be very tough gems, but they are prone to cracks on the surface, which could devalue the gem. For this reason, before the gems are sold to the public, they are treated with epoxy or oils to fix or prevent any cracks and improve the transparency. We hope that you have enjoyed reading this historical information about the 35th wedding anniversary. Visit us again in 5 years for the 40th!


The Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration in Britain, what is the highest civilian decoration?

��ࡱ�>�� ]_����\��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 ���KbjbjUU .`7|7|�G������l��������ffff<������� � � � � "�  � 4666666$k �VZ�� � � � � Z� ��� � o� � � � �� �� 4� � 4� �� 4��4� � �Os ����f� 44�0�4�� ��4� �������The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_decoration" \o "Military decoration" military decoration which is, or has been, awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" \o "Commonwealth of Nations" Commonwealth countries, and previous  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empire" British Empire territories. It takes precedence over all other orders, decorations and medals. It may be awarded to a person of any  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_rank" \o "Military rank" rank in any service and to civilians under military command. In the United Kingdom, it is usually presented to the recipient or to their next of kin by the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_monarch" \o "British monarch" British monarch at an investiture held at  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckingham_Palace" Buckingham Palace. In those countries aside of Britain where the Monarch of the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_realm" \o "Commonwealth realm" Commonwealth realms is the head of state, the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor-General" Governor-General usually fulfils the same function. It is the joint highest award for bravery in the United Kingdom with the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Cross" George Cross, which is the equivalent honour for valour not in the face of the enemy. However, the VC is higher in the order of wear and would be worn first by an individual who had been awarded both decorations (which has not so far occurred). The VC was introduced on 29 January 1856 by  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_of_the_United_Kingdom" \o "Victoria of the United Kingdom" Queen Victoria to honour acts of valour during the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_War" Crimean War. Since then, the medal has been awarded 1,356 times to 1,353 individual recipients. Due to its rarity, the VC is highly prized and the medal has fetched over  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pound_sterling" \o "Pound sterling" �400,000 at auction. A number of public and private collections are devoted to the Victoria Cross. The private collection of  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Anthony_Ashcroft,_Baron_Ashcroft" \o "Michael Anthony Ashcroft, Baron Ashcroft" Lord Ashcroft, amassed since 1986, contains over one-tenth of all VCs awarded.


From which film does the song 'How are things in Glocca Morra?' come?

FINIAN'S RAINBOW - HOW ARE THINGS IN GLOCCA MORRA? LYRICS How Are Things In Glocca Morra? Lyrics Finian's Rainbow - How Are Things In Glocca Morra? Lyrics I hear a bird, a Glocca Morra bird It well may be, he's bringing me a cheering word I hear a breeze, a River Shannon breeze It may well be, it's followed me across the seas Then tell me please How are things in Glocca Morra? Is that little brook still leaping there? Does it still run down to Donny cove Through Killybegs, Kilkerry and Kildare? How are things in Glocca Morra? Is that willow tree still weeping there? Does that laddie with a twinkling eye Come whistling by? And does he walk away Sad and dreamy there, not to see me there? So I ask each weeping willow And each brook along the way And each lad that comes a-whistling Tooralay How are things in Glocca Morra This fine a day? Embed Get the embed code
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Finian's Rainbow - Miscellaneous Album Lyrics

1.	Necessity

2.	Look To The Rainbow

3.	(That) Great Come-And-Get-It-Day

4.	If This Isn't Love

5.	Old Devil Moon

6.	When I'm Not Near The Girl I Love

7.	The Begat

8.	Something Sort Of Grandish

9.	How Are Things In Glocca Morra?

10.	When The Idle Poor Become The Idle Rich

Finian's Rainbow Lyrics provided by SongLyrics.com
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BBC News - Cameron's government: A guide to who's who Cameron's government: A guide to who's who Click on the faces for profiles Click on the pictures to read profiles of David Cameron's Conservative-Lib Dem coalition cabinet: PRIME MINISTER - DAVID CAMERON Conservative David Cameron was virtually unknown outside Westminster when he was elected Tory leader in December 2005 at the age of 39. The Old Etonian had dazzled that year's party conference with his youthful dynamism and charisma, reportedly telling journalists he was the "heir to Blair". He has sought to match the former PM by putting the Conservatives at the centre ground of British politics. Before becoming leader, he was the Conservatives' campaign co-ordinator at the 2005 general election and shadow education secretary. He was special adviser to Home Secretary Michael Howard and Chancellor Norman Lamont in the 1990s before spending seven years as a public relations executive with commercial broadcaster Carlton. Return DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER - NICK CLEGG In just five years, Liberal Democrat Nick Clegg, at 43 the same age as Mr Cameron, has gone from political obscurity to the absolute front line of British politics. After becoming MP for Sheffield Hallam at the 2005 election, he was promoted to Europe spokesman, before moving on to the home affairs role. When Sir Menzies Campbell resigned as leader in 2007, he entered the race to succeed him, in the end narrowly beating Chris Huhne. He has campaigned against the government over civil liberties and opposed the Conservatives' spending cuts plans, attempting to create a distance between the Lib Dems and what he calls the "old parties". But he really came to prominence during the televised debates ahead of the general elections, being judged in polls to have been the big winner of the first one. However, this appeared to do little to help the Lib Dems when they actually lost seats on 6 May. The party, though, retained enough MPs to become the vital players in the hung parliament. Return FOREIGN SECRETARY - WILLIAM HAGUE Since he returned to the shadow cabinet in 2005, Conservative William Hague has become a key adviser to David Cameron, and was seen as de facto deputy party leader. The new foreign secretary has plenty of experience to call upon, having been Tory leader himself from 1997 to 2001 and shadow foreign secretary until the election. A witty and engaging Commons performer who is popular with grassroots Tory members, Mr Hague entered Parliament in 1989 having been special adviser to Chancellor Sir Geoffrey Howe. He was soon promoted to be a social security minister and in 1995 entered the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Wales. In addition to his duties as shadow foreign secretary, Mr Cameron put Mr Hague in charge of rebuilding the party in the North of England, as chairman of its Northern Board. Mr Hague has said that as foreign secretary, he is determined to put in place a "distinctive British foreign policy" and the situation in Afghanistan is a priority. Minister of State (Europe) - David Lidington (Conservative) Once a special adviser to Foreign Secretary Douglas Hurd and a parliamentary aide to William Hague, he is regarded as being less eurosceptic than those who occupied this important role when the Tories were in opposition Minister of State - Jeremy Browne (Liberal Democrat) A former Lib Dem press chief, he has been MP for Taunton since 2005. Was the party's deputy Treasury spokesman before the election. Minister of State - Lord Howell (Conservative) Junior Foreign Office minister - Henry Bellingham (Conservative) Junior Foreign Office minister - Alistair Burt (Conservative) Return CHANCELLOR - GEORGE OSBORNE One of David Cameron's closest friends and Conservative allies, George Osborne rose rapidly after becoming MP for Tatton in 2001. Michael Howard promoted him from shadow chief secretary to the Treasury to shadow chancellor in May 2005, at the age of 34. Mr Osborne took a key role in the election campaign and has been at the forefront of the debate on how to deal with the recession and the UK


Belize This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website Belize image by Zoltan Horvath, 28 March 2014 Official Name: Belize Flag adopted : 21 September 1981 Coat of Arms adopted: 21 September 1981 ISO Code: BZ The Flag The white disk in the center has 50 olive leaves along its inner periphery. This represents the year 1950, when British Honduras (Belize's former name) began its quest for independence from the UK. When Belize became independent in 1981, the two red stripes were added to the previous flag. In the center of the white disk there is a coat of arms divided in three sections. The left field holds an oar and a sledgehammer, the right one contains a saw and an ax, and the bottom one has a sailing ship. If one looks at the ship closely, one sees a red flag flying which might be a British Red Ensign. Above the coat of arms, there is a tree, and below the coat of arms, one can see Belize's motto "Sub umbra floreo" -- I flourish in the shadow (referring to the dependence from the UK). There is a mulatto man holding an ax to the left of the coat of arms. On the right side, a black man holds an oar. The coat of arms seems to have been slightly modified compared to the arms in the 'pre-independence' flag (without stripes) shown in W. Smith's book. Note the change of darkness of the green, and the substitution of the orange with yellow for the right section of the coat of arms. Also, the saw went from a blade saw to a bow saw. On the old flag, the men stand on the motto, whereas on the new one, they are on the ground, and the motto is smaller. eljko Heimer, 17 Febuary 1996 According to 'Pavillons nationaux et marques distinctives' [ pay00 ] - National Flag (CSW/CSW 2:3) - The details of the coat of arms, as it is tradition of British (and not only British) heraldry are allowed to vary to the artistic representation as long as they follow the blazon, and therefore differences shown in each picture of this flag are understandable, I guess. This is also one of those former British colonies that did not adopt the British custom of different ensigns for different use on sea (and land) and all functions are covered with a flag of single design. This may be influence of the big USA relatively near (and influencial), but on the other hand, Central American states in the vicinity all know about different ensigns for various purposes. Do we know anything about details of this flag? - The stripes seem to be 1/10 of the flag hoist and the disk is like 6/10. Is that defined somewhere? The [ smi80 ] also who the triangular flag of the Minister President - would there be a matching flag in use today? eljko Heimer, 4 March 2001 National Flag at the London 2012 Olympics The protocol manual for the London 2012 Olympics (Flags and Anthems Manual London 2012 [ loc12 ]) provides recommendations for national flag designs. Each NOC was sent an image of the flag, including the PMS shades, for their approval by LOCOG. Once this was obtained, LOCOG produced a 60 x 90 cm version of the flag for further approval. So, while these specs may not be the official, government, version of each flag, they are certainly what the NOC believed the flag to be. For Belize: PMS 032 red, 285 blue, 293 blue, 355 green, 139 brown, 102 yellow, 468 brown and black. The vertical version is simply the flag turned through 90 degrees clockwise. Ian Sumner, 10 October 2012 History of the Flag The blue flag with a white disk (without the stripes) was adopted on February 2, 1950, as British Honduras started its journey toward independence. The two red stripes were added on September 21, 1981, when Belize officially became independent from the UK. Surprisingly, the motto (Sub umbra floreo) was not changed in 1981, even after independence from the UK. The coat of arms shown on the flag was given to British Honduras on January 28, 1907. It has remained mainly unchanged ever since, except for some minor changes which were discussed above. eljko Heimer, 17 Febuary 1996 From the Belize Government Website : "The National Flag The red, white and blue flag of Belize is a sy


In which year did Frank Sinatra die after a long illness?

'Obsessive Frank Sinatra took 12 showers a day and always smelled of lavender,' reveals his widow | Daily Mail Online 'Obsessive Frank Sinatra took 12 showers a day and always smelled of lavender,' reveals his widow comments Frank Sinatra's widow has given a glimpse inside the private life and often troubled times of Ol' Blue Eyes. Barbara Sinatra has recalled how the late singer was both a generous romantic full of charisma and a terrible drunk with a furious temper. He was also, rather surprisingly, obsessed with cleanliness and was entered a room surrounded by a gentle waft of flowers. She said: 'He was a guy who took about 12 showers a day. I mean, he was neat. He always smelled of lavender.' He also signed his love notes to her, Charlie Neat. Scroll down for video... Remembering Frank: Sinatra's widow Barbara Sinatra has written a book about Ol' Blue Eyes Barbara, 84, the star's fourth wife, is promoting new memoir, Lady Blue Eyes: My Life With Frank. He died in her arms in 1998 at the age of 82 after 22 years of marriage. The former Vegas showgirl told a US TV show said she didn't even know who he was when she first met him partying with his Rat Pack buddies. 'I didn't recognise him,' she said. 'I recognised some of the others. I said, "I don't care. I'm not dealing with a bunch of drunks".' But in her book she recalls how she was very quickly won over by him. 'Once he turned on the charm, my defenses rolled away like tumbleweed,' she writes. 'Luckiest woman in the world': The couple enjoying the glamorous life on a trip to Monaco in 1980 'Inhaling his heady scent of lavender water, Camel cigarettes, and Jack Daniel's, 'I could do nothing but savour the moment of intoxication, oblivious to the consequences. 'He had a sexual energy all his own. Even Elvis Presley, whom I'd met in Vegas, never had it quite like that.' Barbara was married to American film star Zeppo Marx when they first met and in her telling, it was Sinatra, then in his mid-50s, who initiated their long-term affair. After their relationship began, she quit smoking at his request because he considers it unfeminine. He never gave up the habit himself. Wife No. 4: Sinatra died in Barbara's arms in 1998 at the age of 82 after 22 years of marriage His feisty mother, Dolly, was not pleased with their liaison and subsequent marriage, and asked him: 'Aren't there enough whores around?' Of the famous attribute that earned him his nickname, she says: 'He had the most vibrant, electric, deep blue eyes in the world. You could say they were shockingly blue.' Singing legend: Sinatra on stage in the late 1960s In his quiet moments at home, he loved to eat grilled cheese sandwiches, read and was also a crossword puzzle ace. But Barbara also told how she wouldn't want to deal with the mercurial star if he was drinking gin. 'I don't know that I handled his moods. I lived with them,' she told Good Morning America. 'He could be moody. I didn't want to be around him if he drank gin. 'Gin, I think, made him mean. [If I saw] a gin bottle on the bar I'd turn right around and go back in the room and lock the door because I didn't want to deal with that.' She has revealed how he once hurled a brass clock into a wall during a game of charades - something she described as part of his 'dangerous' charm. When a female columnist once raised his infidelities in an interview, he screamed at her in anger, before stuffing two dollar bills into the woman's glass. Barbara viewed is aggression as exciting and accepted that her husband's inner demons came with the glitz and glamour. Asked if he ever apologised, she said: 'Never. Absolutely never.' Of Sinatra's notorious reputation as a womaniser, Barbara says she took the advice of her Palm Springs neighbour, Lee Annenberg, and 'looked the other way'. Wife No. 1: Sinatra with Nancy Barbato, the mother of his three children, in the early 1940s Wife No. 2 and 3: The singer with Ava Gardner in the 1950s and right, with Mia Farrow on their wedding day in 1966 While he was generous and had a 'good eye for a stone', he was also s


The cha-cha-cha is a dance developed from the mambo in 1950 in which country?

The Cha Cha | Fred Astaire Dance Studios Store Cha Cha Cha Cha is a dance of Cuban origin, and derives its name from the rhythm developed by a syncopation of the fourth beat. Cha Cha gathers its flavor, rhythm and charm from a derivation of three primary sources: the Mambo, Rumba, and indirectly, the Lindy (with each being danced to the same one-two-three triple step). The Cha Cha, while sprung up from Latin American roots in Cuba, really flowered under North American influence. While closely identified with the aforementioned Mambo, Cha Cha has enough intrinsic individuality to be classified as a distinct dance. Much has been written about the history of the Rumba and the Mambo, while little has been explored about the origins of Cha Cha, despite it being a dance to be reckoned with. Cha Cha’s tempo is anywhere from slow and staccato to fast and lively. It is very much an on-the-beat dance and hard not to inject one’s own feelings into it. This facet, more than any other, makes the dance fun for people of all ages. It is a real let-it-all-out type of dance. Cha Cha is danced in place as the steps are quite compact, with the feet usually no more than 12 inches apart. Popularized in the 1950’s with music by such artists as Tito Puente and Tito Rodriguez, today it is danced to popular night club kind of music.


Which Eire county is surrounded on three sides by the Atlantic Ocean and has Lifford as the county town?

Camelot International: Britain's Heritage and History Heritage > Counties > Ireland Donegal, Ireland A mountainous county in the province of Ulster in the Republic of Ireland, Donegal covers an area of 1,864 square miles and a population of 130,000. Surrounded on three sides by the Atlantic ocean the county has LIfford as it's county town with other major location being the market town of Donegal itself. Commercial activities include sheep and cattle farming, tweed and linen manufacture and some deep-sea fishing. The famous and lovely Donegal Bay is to be found very near the town of Donegal.


Which Football League Team has the nickname 'The Glovers'?

Official Website of the Glovers - Yeovil Town FC latest news, photos and videos Yeovil Town Business Finder is powered by city-visitor.com & cityvisitor.co.uk By continuing to use the site, you agree to the use of cookies. You can change this and find out more by following this link . Accept Cookies