In maths/logic, the process of using one or more statements/facts to achieve a logical conclusion is known as?

Quantum Metaphysics: Consciousness, Life, Your Reality, and the Mysteries of the Universe Explained by Chaon - issuu issuu Issuu on Google+ Quantum Metuaphysics by Anthony O. Neuron Puart 1: The Wuay to Understuand Everything [page 3] Puart 2: Being Humuan [page 31] Puart 3: Exploring the Universe with Quantum Metuaphysics [page 56] Notes [page 74] If you like this book please rate it on Amazon at htps://www.amazon.com/dp/B01FB6ML0O For more books and information visit htp://Qmetaphysics.com Copyright 2016 Anthony O. Neuron All Rights Reserved Puart 1: Understuanding Who uand Whuat You Reually Are 1.00 Introduction On these pages you will discover how there is one common denominator that unites, and is the source of, everything in your reality: perspective. But consider that you cannot see anything that is beyond your own perception. You don't know what someone else is really experiencing, for example, and you don't know what they even look like outside of your brain's interpretation of them. If you ask them about what they are really thinking, both your question and their response will still be 100% your perspective. If everything that we can see and know is within us in this way, then a simple understanding of everything might be within our grasp. However, this would also mean that the most fundamental assumption in science â€“ that we can sense and experience reality directly â€“ is a logical fallacy. But can we really understand everything when at least 95% of the universe is a complete mystery to scientists, and we are unable to perceive more than 99% of the electromagnetic spectrum of light, sound, and other energies that make up our reality? Can we understand who we really are when considering the scientific fact that less than 1% of our body's DNA is human and only about 10% of our body's cells are of human origin? Can we understand reality when we have very litle understanding of consciousness, and a third of our life is a mystery because we don't know what dreams are? Can we really know any part of who we are when we have litle understanding of our deeper, subconscious self? Can we understand the universe when time and gravity are just as mysterious as human intelligence and emotions? What does it mean that we can understand the origins of a sandwich we made five minutes ago more than the origins of a belief we've held onto for twenty years? Can we really change our reality as we please when we can sit in a chair but have no idea what is happening with the physics and biochemical reactions of our body to be able to sit in the chair? And, is there any way to understand everything that could be easily understood? Qantum Metaphysics (QMe) answers not only the most fundamental questions that we have about the nature of reality but can also answer more simple and practical questions that we have about our everyday lives. The practical application of QMe, called Logia, will also be discussed, though will be covered more in-depth in another book. One of the core principles of QMe is that when you perceive reality what you are actually sensing is the relationship between the things that you think you are perceiving, not the things themselves. It is easy to look at an object and think you are looking directly at it, without realizing what you are seeing is nearly 100% empty space. It is easy to think of something, like a word or a number, and forget that they are merely representations for other things and only seem real because we are relating them with other things that also seem real. In QMe, for example, 'hot' is the relationship between both a 'hot' and 'cold' and has no meaning by itself. You can't define one without the other; a reality between two illusions. On your way towards understanding the universe you will learn how all of reality is this relationship between illusions, given real life by interaction. You will also learn how creating reality as you wish can be as simple as re-interpreting the relationships that are already there (rather than wasting efort trying to change the i


Who wrote The Communist Manifesto (1848) and Das Kapital (1867)?

Marx - Dictionary Definition : Vocabulary.com Marx founder of modern communism; wrote the Communist Manifesto with Engels in 1848; wrote Das Kapital in 1867 (1818-1883) 2. United States comedian; one of four brothers who made motion pictures together (1890-1977) 3. United States comedian; one of four brothers who made motion pictures together (1893-1964) 4. United States comedian; one of four brothers who made motion pictures together (1891-1961) 5.


The original meaning of capital (financial/money) referred to 'caput', head, specifically head of?

Capitalism | Lies, Liars, Beatniks and Hippies Lies, Liars, Beatniks and Hippies Politics, Current Events, politics, the Economy, politics, hate, politcs, Lies, Economy, mistrust, BENGHAZI…this is not a page to park on if you don't like the daily hate fest we call politics and government…I'd rather we had decent people in DC but we have what we have and we can't lynch em anymore….NOTICE: I am unabashedly LEFTWING, I WILL post things you may disagree with…just because you disagree doesn't make you right…just keep that in mnd Capitalism From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia “Free enterprise” redirects here. For the 1999 film, see  Free Enterprise (film) . Part of  a series  on Capitalism e Capitalism is an  economic system  in which trade, industry, and the  means of production  are controlled by private owners with the goal of making  profits in a  market economy . [1] [2]  Central characteristics of capitalism include  capital accumulation ,  competitive markets  and  wage labor . [3]  In a capitalist economy, the parties to a transaction typically determine the prices at which assets, goods, and services are  exchanged . [4] The degree of competition, role of  intervention  and regulation, and scope of public ownership varies across different models of capitalism. [5]  Economists, political economists , and  historians  have taken different perspectives in their analysis of capitalism and recognized various forms of it in practice. These include  laissez-faire  capitalism,  welfare capitalism  and  state capitalism ; each highlighting varying degrees of dependency on markets, public ownership, and inclusion of  social policies . The extent to which different markets are free, as well as the rules defining private property, is a matter of politics and policy . Many states have what are termed capitalist  mixed economies , referring to a mix between  planned  and  market-driven  elements. [6]   Crony capitalism is a state of affairs in which insider corruption, nepotism and cartels dominate the system. In  Marxian economics  this is considered to be the normal state of mature capitalism, while in  anarcho-capitalist  theory it is considered a political distortion of capital and markets. [7]  Capitalism has existed under many forms of government , in many different times, places, and cultures. [8]  Following the demise of  feudalism , capitalism became the dominant economic system in the  Western world . Capitalism was carried across the world by broader processes of  globalization  such as imperialism and, by the end of the nineteenth century, became the dominant global economic system, in turn intensifying processes of economic and other globalization. [9]  Later, in the 20th century, capitalism overcame a challenge by  centrally-planned economies  and is now the encompassing system worldwide, [10] [11]  with the  mixed economy  being its dominant form in the industrialized Western world. Different economic perspectives emphasize specific elements of capitalism in their preferred definition. Laissez-faire and  liberal  economists emphasize the degree to which  government  does not have control over markets and the importance of  property rights . [12] [13]  Neoclassical and Keynesian macro-economists emphasize the need for government regulation to prevent  monopolies  and to soften the effects of the  boom and bust  cycle. [14]  Marxian economists emphasize the role of capital accumulation,  exploitation  and  wage labor . Most political economists emphasize private property as well, in addition to  power  relations, wage labor,  class , and the uniqueness of capitalism as a historical formation. [6] Proponents of capitalism argue that it creates more prosperity than any other economic system, and that its benefits are mainly to the ordinary person. [15]  Critics of capitalism variously associate it with economic instability [16]  and an inability to provide for the well-being of all people. [17]  In contrast to both perspectives,  socialists  maintain that capitalism is superior to all previously existing economic syste


In categorizing workplace skills, Emotional Intelligence (EQ) typically represents (What?) skill?

Emotional Intelligence: How to Develop Skills for Success - HRDQ-U Emotional Intelligence: How to Develop Skills for Success You'll need to log in or register for a free membership to view this webinar recording. SARAH SCHAEFFER: Emotional Intelligence: How to Develop Skills for Success hosted by HRDQ-U and presented by Diana Durek. Today’s webinar will last around one hour. If you have any questions you can always type them into the chat box. We will answer questions as they come in live at the end of the presentation or as a follow-up by email. My name is Sarah Schaeffer and I will moderate today’s webinar. Diana is a leadership-development specialist with an emphasis on emotional intelligence and personal change. She spent 11 years with a leading global psychological test publisher. There she worked with clients as INAUDIBLE at the U.S. Air Force, American Express, and Air Canada. She is currently pursuing a doctorate in corporate learning and development, a joint program between the graduate School of Education and the Warren School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania. Welcome, and thank you for joining us today, Diana. DIANA DUREK: Thank you, Sarah. And thank you to first and foremost, HRDQ for the invitation. I am absolutely delighted to be here. And also thank you to all of you. You are a wonderful group. Certainly I know some of you personally. I know some of you based on reputation, so I certainly know something about you. And then there are a lot of new people on this webinar some of whom have reached out to me, so, thank you for the warm welcome. Like I said, I’m just delighted to be here. So, with this I will get started. There we go. A little technological moment as I figure out how to work the first slide. Here’s what I’m proposing that we work on together as a group today. Very simple agenda, but these are three rather meaty bullet points. So first I’m going to cover in some detail what the nature of emotional intelligence is, then the meatiest part of the presentation for sure will be presenting the business case for emotional intelligence and then at the end we will spend a little bit of time tackling how we start to develop some of these skills. Now one thing I’d like to point out is after the first two bullets have been covered in quite a bit of detail, I’m going to stop for questions at that point. And please don’t feel that you need to wait to send in your questions until even that moment. Please feel free to send in the questions as you think of them. I think that will really help us orient our time together and make sure that frankly, you are taking an hour out of your day, so let’s try to make this as applicable as it possibly can be for as many of you as possible. That would definitely be my wish for all of us today, that we really learn something important together today. With that being said, in terms of helping to orient me, especially to those of you who I don’t know personally, I would like to invite you to start with a poll. And I have two questions for you. The first one, I’d like to know, a simple yes or no, are you currently incorporating emotional intelligence development into the work you do right now in organizations, whether you’re an independent, or whether you’re working internally within an organization. Now, I’m just going to give you, the dead air is never good when we’re on a webinar. Oh, here we go. We have 75 percent of you have now voted, so that’s wonderful. Wow, so actually this is an interesting result. 46 of you are currently incorporating emotional intelligence. I’m just delighted to hear that. I’ll call that a state of the union if you will. That number, over the years, certainly as long as I’ve been involved in this work, that number is steadily increasing, so very, very exciting. What I’d like to do is now go to the next poll. SARAH: It’s if you are using a formal process to assess emotional intelligence? Yes or no. DIANA: I do see the results now, but I am going to ask you to move me to the next slide. What’s interesting is, I just want to touch on this be


Satin is traditionally/originally made from what fibre?

What is the fiber content of satin? | Reference.com What is the fiber content of satin? A: Quick Answer Satin fabric can contain silk, wool, cotton, polyester, rayon and acetate fibers. What makes a fabric satin is not the type of fibers that it is made of but rather the type of weave that is used in bringing those fibers together. Full Answer Satin fabric is weaved using four warp threads going over with one weft thread going under. This creates less interlacing between the threads. The result is a glossy surface with a dull back. Satin that is made with cotton fibers is known as sateen. Satin made with a combination of silk and rayon fibers is known as duchesse. Satin derived its name from Zayton, a Chinese port from where it was first exported internationally in the 12th century.


What (at 2015) is the only major nation of the world which charges income tax on its citizens working overseas?

Why Americans Working Abroad Are Ditching Their U.S. Citizenships | TIME.com Follow @TIMEWorld Why is Tina Turner switching from American to Swiss citizenship? The legendary singer, a longtime Zurich resident, told the Blick newspaper that she has been very happy in Switzerland and “can’t imagine a better place to live.” But some observers believe she may be one of thousands of American expatriates who have taken the drastic and irrevocable step of giving up their citizenship because of what they consider to be the unjust and discriminatory taxation practices of their government. While Turner has indicated nothing other than a practical decision behind the switch, it comes at a time when American expats all over the world are turning in their passports in record numbers to avoid double taxation and other financial burdens imposed on them by Uncle Sam. According to government figures, nearly 1,800 Americans relinquished their passports in 2011, a process that requires a special application and a $450 exit fee. True, that number is just a drop in the bucket, considering that an estimated 6 million U.S. citizens live abroad. But the numbers are growing dramatically — a sevenfold increase since 2008, and that is not counting thousands of applications waiting to be processed in U.S. consulates and embassies around the world. (MORE: Renouncing Your U.S. Citizenship to Stick It to the Tax Man? Not as Easy as It Looks ) The U.S. is the world’s only industrialized nation that taxes citizens who live overseas, even if their income is generated in a foreign country and they never return to America. And while high-profile cases like that of Turner or that of Facebook co-founder Eduardo Saverin (who renounced his American citizenship last year to become a resident of Singapore) catch public attention, the vast majority of expatriates affected by double taxation and increasingly draconian filing rules are middle-class or retired, or those who have never lived or worked in the U.S. at all but were born to American parents overseas. Even though expatriates can claim a $97,000 exclusion on their U.S. taxes, most Americans who work in high-cost nations earn salaries far exceeding this amount, for which they already pay hefty income taxes in their countries of residence. “I became increasingly frustrated by the necessity to file in two countries,” says Peter Dunn, an Anchorage native who now lives in Toronto and renounced his U.S. citizenship in 2011. Dunn became even more outraged when the IRS insisted on taxing his Canadian Tax-Free Savings Accounts, which are similar to the tax-free Roth IRAs in the U.S. “I could not live with the abuse of America taxing me even though I could not receive any services or benefits of living in the U.S.,” he adds. In addition to the burden of double taxation, expats must deal with a myriad of increasingly complex and confusing IRS rules, like the Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts, which requires expatriates to report all foreign accounts exceeding $10,000, including those held jointly with their non-American spouses. Stiff financial penalties are imposed for noncompliance. (MORE: Switzerland: Are Its Days as a Tax Haven for Foreigners Over? ) While filling out this form, Genette Eysselinck, a North Carolina native who lives in France, included the details of her accounts held jointly with her Belgian husband, as required by the IRS. “When I realized how distressed he was over my breach of confidence, I decided the only recourse left was to renounce my nationality,” she says. Eysselinck gave up her American citizenship last year. Another law that affects expatriates is the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA), which will go into effect in July and require all foreign banks to report to the IRS information about accounts held by Americans. While this new regulation aims to prevent tax evasion, it also makes life difficult for millions of law-abiding expats. “FATCA is the straw that broke the camel’s back,” says Jackie Bugnon, director of American Citizens Abroad (ACA), a Geneva-based expat


Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are collectively known as (What?) religions, referring to their founding biblical character?

Ahmadiyya Muslim Community Judaism, Christianity, and Islam: A Common Tradition Author: Arshad Khan The Review of Religions October 1992 The world of the ancient Near East -- particularly in the regions      of Egypt and the lands east of the Mediterranean Sea (Assyria and Media)      -- was predominantly a polytheistic world around the time of the 7th      Century B.C. (Historical Atlas of the World, p. 3). The people in those      lands worshipped many different kinds of deities. Some were linked to      the welfare of towns and cities in local areas, such as Marduk in Babylonia      or Ra of Heliopolis in Egypt. Other gods were responsible for the livelihood      and welfare of man during times of war and chaotic upheaval -- such      as Baal for the Canaanites, and Ishtar for the Sumerians and Assyrians.      (The Heritage of World Civilizations, p 54) Amongst this diverse conglomerate of varying polytheistic cultures      and beliefs, emerged a single great tradition that was to later fuse      the foundations of three great religions of the world: Judaism, Christianity,      and Islam. These three religions can all be linked to one common religious      tradition that goes as far back as the time of the patriarchal prophet      Abraham. This underlying religious tradition forms the solid foundation      on which all three religions have built upon over the course of history,      and from which each has developed different beliefs and ideals that      set them apart from others. To begin with, the one fundamental difference that sets apart the      religious tradition of these three religions was the unifying concept      of monotheism: faith in a single, All-Powerful God who is the sole Creator, Sustainer and Ruler of the universe. (Ibid, p. 56) While it is not quite clear exactly when this doctrine first came      into being, historians generally agree that the concept of monotheism      first made a clear appearance amongst a nomadic tribal people known      as the Hebrews. (Ibid, p. 56) Essentially, the common religious tradition      that Islam, Christianity, and Judaism share can be traced back to these      peoples. A better understanding of the history of this group of people      can be useful in understanding the common origin of contemporary monotheistic      religions. The precise account of the activities of the Hebrews is not available.      Nevertheless, scholars agree on the fact that Biblical accounts of the      migration of the Hebrews into the Near Eastern area from Mesopotamia      are plausible, and in accord with what is known of the general migration      routes of such semi-nomadic tribes. (Ibid, p. 57) Religious and historical      traditions mention that the patriarch Abraham came from Mesopotamia,      and migrated west with his Hebrews followers, and settled along the      eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, in the area now known as Palestine.      (Ibid, p. 56) Abraham brought with him the idea of a monotheistic belief, an idea      that would later prove to endure for a long time in the area. Monotheistic      belief emphasized on the moral demands and responsibilities of the individual      and the community towards the worship of one God, who was ruler over      all. Moreover, a belief in one God stressed the idea that God had a      divine plan for human history, and the actions and ideals of His chosen      people were inextricably tied to that divine plan. (Ibid, p. C-1) At      the apex of this tradition sits Abraham, who is recognized as the founder      of their faith by all three religions: Islam, Judaism, and Christianity.      Abraham's followers passed down this tradition generation after generation,      strengthening and unifying the people in the Palestine area with the      belief in God and the cove


Vande Mataram (I praise thee, Mother) is the national song of which BRIC nation?

'Vande Mataram' Real National Anthem: RSS Leader- The New Indian Express 'Vande Mataram' Real National Anthem: RSS Leader By PTI   |   Published: 02nd April 2016 01:09 PM  |   Last Updated: 02nd April 2016 01:09 PM  |   A+A A-   |   0 Share Via Email MUMBAI: Days after RSS chief Mohan Bhagwat's 'Bharat Mata Ki Jai' remarks, a top functionary of the organisation has said that 'Vande Mataram' is the real national anthem as opposed to the 'Constitutionally-mandated' Jana Gana Mana. "Jana Gana Mana is today our national anthem. It has to be respected. There is no reason why it should evoke any other sentiment," RSS General Secretary Bhaiyyaji Joshi said. "But it is the national anthem as decided by the Constitution. If one considers the true meaning, then Vande Mataram is the national anthem," he said yesterday at the Deendayal Upadhyay Research Institute here. "We consider things created due to the Constitution to be national," Joshi said. "When was Jana Gana Mana written? It was written some time back. But the sentiments expressed in Jana Gana Mana have been expressed keeping the state in view," he said. "However, the sentiments expressed in Vande Mataram denote the nation's character and style. This is the difference between the two songs. Both deserve respect," Joshi said. 'Vande Mataram', literally, "I praise thee, Mother", is a poem by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. A hymn to the 'Mother Land', it played a vital role in the Indian independence movement. In 1950, the song's first two verses were given the official status of the "national song", distinct from the national anthem, Jana Gana Mana. O


Author Malcolm Gladwell popularized the notion (2000s) that to become truly expert at something a minimum of how many hours practice is required?

Grit to Great: How Perseverance, Passion, and Pluck Take You from Ordinary to Extraordinary eBook: Linda Kaplan Thaler, Robin Koval: Amazon.ca: Kindle Store By Robert Morris HALL OF FAMETOP 50 REVIEWER on Sept. 9 2015 Format: Hardcover Angela Lee Duckworth is among the sources that Linda Kaplan Thaler and Robin Koval cite in their latest book, Grit to Great. Briefly, in her late 20s, Duckworth left a demanding job as a management consultant at McKinsey to teach math in public schools in San Francisco, Philadelphia and New York. After five years of teaching seventh graders, she went back to graduate school to complete her Ph.D. in psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, where she is now an assistant professor in the psychology department. Her research subjects include students, West Point cadets, and corporate salespeople, all of whom she studies to determine how "grit" is a better indicator of success than factors such as IQ or family income. I agree with Kaplan Thaler and Koval that "the science of success is only beginning to be explored. And there is much to learn But the great thing about grit is that working harder, smarter, more passionately, and longer is something we control, unlike the community we grew up in, the high school we attended, the money and resources our parents have, company politics, or the current state of the economy. It is [begin italics] attainable [end italics] by each and every one of us. Even if you're not the smartest or most talented person in the room." Decades of research by K. Anders Ericsson and his associates at Florida State University clearly indicate that, on average, achieving peak performance in almost any human endeavor (e.g. playing chess or the cello) requires 10,000 hours of "deep" (i.e. highly disciplined) practice under strict, expert supervision...and some luck. Even then, success is not guaranteed. Read more › One person found this helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes No Sending feedback... Thank you for your feedback. Sorry, we failed to record your vote. Please try again.


The cylindrical roller in a traditional typewriter is a?

myTypewriter.com - Your source of classic typewriters, supplies, accessories and information. Evenness of arrangement of printed letters on any given line. B Bail Rolls Rubber or composition rollers mounted upon a frame assembly that press lightly against upper surface of platen and hold paper down while being fed through typewriter. Base Rail The rail or track upon which carriage and its component carriage rail rest and ride upon carriage bearings. Bearing A surface in which a shaft or pivot rests and turns freely while being held from all other motion except rotation. C Carriage The section of the typewriter that rides back and forth on the base rail, providing movement for spacing and mounts for the platen and feed rolls. Carriage Bearings Spherical or cylindrical rollers held between the carriage and base rails upon which the carriage assembly moves forward and back. Carriage End Stops Final limits to the travel of the carriage, both left and right sides, if the carriage has bypassed the margins through use of the margin release. Carriage Rail The integrated part of the carriage that provides a trck for the movement of carriage bearings. Carriage Release A lever, mounted on either or both sides of the carriage, that disengages the escapement mechanism and allows carriage to roll freely from side to side. D Drawband A cord that connects the carriage end to the mainspring assembly and pulls the carriage across rails. E Escapement A gear or wheel assembly that engages the teeth on the starwheel, and govern the letter spacing. F Feed Rolls Rubber rollers mounted under and pressing against the platen, serving the purpose of holding paper tightly in position while being fed through machine. Key Lever The stem upon which the key top is mounted. Key Top A part mounted on the key lever that show the symbol or letter being printed, while being struck by the finger of the typist. L Lateral Guide A movable tab mounted on the face of the paper table that aligns the leading edge of the paper with the front scale on the carriage. Line Gauge A device usually mounted on the platen that indicates available number of lines on paper. Line Space Control A lever or tab which when set to different positions adjusts the line-spacing pawl to one, two or three line-spacing. Link Spring that provides the source of power necessary to pull the carriage across the rails. Mainspring Drum/Cage The housing that contains the mainspring. Margins Movable stops that adjust the length of carriage travel to the width of the paper being used. Margin Bail On machines using an automatic margin setting principle, this a bar, equal in legth to the amount of margin travel, that disengages margin from rack and allows freedom of movement for resetting. Margin Control Manual means by which margins are moved to desired positions. Margin Release A manually operated key or lever that moves the center post out of contact with the margin, so that typing may be continued past the preset stop. Margin Scale A repetition of the front carriage scale, indicating the number of spaces on the line of type. P Paper Release A manual operated lever that releases the tension holding the feed rolls in place and allows paper to be withdrawn from between the rollers. Paper Table A metal cover, carriage length, usually over the margins, that serves as a support for that parrot of a sheet of paper not being held by the platen and feed rolls. Pinion A small gear, mounted on the starwheel shaft, that meshes with the escapement rack and transmits movement from the starwheel to the carriage. Pitch A term used to denote the number of spaces to the inch. Platen Knob Knob at the end of the platen shaft used to rotate the platen manually. Platen Shaft A numerically calibrated strip on the carriage that designates spacing positions. Segment Semicircular mount for type bars. Shadowing A hazy impression of a character bordering on one side of sharper printed image. Shift Lock A pawl that holds type bar section in upper-case position. Starwheel A large toothed wheel, with the pinion mounted upon it


The Indian wind instrument, the pungi (also been or bin), is associated with what street activity?

Windy Skies: Musicians at a Wedding Down South August 02, 2008 Musicians at a Wedding Down South Before the advent of ‘marriage halls’ (known as Kalyana Mantap) most Indian marriages used be conducted at the home of the bride, the others at temples. I attended several such marriages as a child. It helped that I had several aunts from either side of my family, resulting in a succession of marriages over the years. Weeks before the wedding date, relatives from near and far, usually women, traveling long distances, having left their working husbands behind, would gather at the home of the bride. And then would commence a very enjoyable time with the household turning into a bee hive of activity as preparations for the marriage began in earnest. With sweets being central to wedding preparations, a whole variety of them, it was only natural that I would, along with sundry other cousins keep a close watch on the large tins they were stored in, raiding them at the first unguarded opportunity that presented itself. The elders even if they knew of our capers did not let on. In the evenings the house rang to devotional songs with neighbours joining in as the women took turns singing songs, much laughter interspersing playful ribbing as reluctant singers were prodded into giving voice to their vocals. The shamiana (pavilion), chairs, flower arrangements, horse carriages, cooks, and the wedding band used to be arranged for in advance. I took a fascination to the music band (also known as a brass band or procession band), attracted to their tidy uniforms often a bright red, and shiny epaulettes and shoes, marching in formation while playing gleaming musical instruments, often a mix of clarinets, trumpets, and saxophones. Widely employed during weddings, brass bands lead the procession (also known as ‘baarat’) as the groom makes his way to the wedding venue on the female of a horse, known as ghodi. The male of the horse is called ghoda. Also, the night before the wedding the brass band leads the bride’s side of the family in a procession to the groom’s house to escort the groom for the milni ceremony. The repertoire of early brass bands was Indian classical music, largely raga based, rendered with a mix of shehnais, dholaks, and the harmonium among others. With the advent of film songs popularizing wedding sequences in Hindi films, brass bands added films songs to their repertoire. Over time ‘marriage halls’ began to make their presence felt, essentially shifting the preparations out of the house and to a commercial venue. Flower arrangements, brass band, seating arrangements, food, and even accommodation are now available as services for a fee. Each time I attend a wedding I look for the musicians, which I suspect is more for their outfits than their ability with the musical instruments. However this time around last year the five musicians I met in Bangalore during the wedding were clad in simple clothes: shirts and white dhotis. It might have to do with the instruments they were playing. I cannot imagine a clarinet or a saxophone with a dhoti. Of the group two played the dholak, one was on the harmonium, while the other two played the shehnai, an ancient Indian wind instrument. The shehnai (also spelled shenai) is rarely played solo. It is usually accompanied by another shehnai. While one holds a drone the other exults in a succession of subtleties, flowing richly. Ustad Bismillah Khan, the legendary shehnai exponent, came to be synonymous with the shehnai and no Indian marriage is deemed complete without the shehnai making its presence felt with its soulful tunes that reflect the seriousness of the occasion even as it exuberates in the joyousness of the event, alternating between smiles and the tears streaming down the cheeks of the bride as she prepares to leave her parents’ home for that of her husband, a separation that distinguishes between the two phases of life in the Indian scheme of things. Inching closer to the hand operated harmonium I noticed on the bellows a company label showing a map of undivided India, indicating th


Expressed traditionally as N s, what in physics is the product of mass and velocity?

Momentum momentum Momentum and Its Conservation - Lesson 1 - The Impulse-Momentum Change Theorem Momentum Real-World Applications The sports announcer says, "Going into the all-star break, the Chicago White Sox have the momentum." The headlines declare "Chicago Bulls Gaining Momentum." The coach pumps up his team at half-time, saying "You have the momentum; the critical need is that you use that momentum and bury them in this third quarter." Momentum is a commonly used term in sports. A team that has the momentum is on the move and is going to take some effort to stop. A team that has a lot of momentum is really on the move and is going to be hard to stop. Momentum is a physics term; it refers to the quantity of motion that an object has. A sports team that is on the move has the momentum. If an object is in motion (on the move) then it has momentum. Momentum can be defined as "mass in motion." All objects have mass; so if an object is moving, then it has momentum - it has its mass in motion. The amount of momentum that an object has is dependent upon two variables: how much stuff is moving and how fast the stuff is moving. Momentum depends upon the variables mass and velocity . In terms of an equation, the momentum of an object is equal to the mass of the object times the velocity of the object. Momentum = mass • velocity In physics, the symbol for the quantity momentum is the lower case p. Thus, the above equation can be rewritten as p = m • v where m is the mass and v is the velocity. The equation illustrates that momentum is directly proportional to an object's mass and directly proportional to the object's velocity. The units for momentum would be mass units times velocity units. The standard metric unit of momentum is the kg•m/s. While the kg•m/s is the standard metric unit of momentum, there are a variety of other units that are acceptable (though not conventional) units of momentum. Examples include kg•mi/hr, kg•km/hr, and g•cm/s. In each of these examples, a mass unit is multiplied by a velocity unit to provide a momentum unit. This is consistent with the equation for momentum.   Momentum as a Vector Quantity Momentum is a vector quantity. As discussed in an earlier unit, a vector quantity is a quantity that is fully described by both magnitude and direction. To fully describe the momentum of a 5-kg bowling ball moving westward at 2 m/s, you must include information about both the magnitude and the direction of the bowling ball. It is not enough to say that the ball has 10 kg•m/s of momentum; the momentum of the ball is not fully described until information about its direction is given. The direction of the momentum vector is the same as the direction of the velocity of the ball. In a previous unit, it was said that the direction of the velocity vector is the same as the direction that an object is moving. If the bowling ball is moving westward, then its momentum can be fully described by saying that it is 10 kg•m/s, westward. As a vector quantity, the momentum of an object is fully described by both magnitude and direction.   The Momentum Equation as a Guide to Thinking From the definition of momentum, it becomes obvious that an object has a large momentum if both its mass and its velocity are large. Both variables are of equal importance in determining the momentum of an object. Consider a Mack truck and a roller skate moving down the street at the same speed. The considerably greater mass of the Mack truck gives it a considerably greater momentum. Yet if the Mack truck were at rest, then the momentum of the least massive roller skate would be the greatest. The momentum of any object that is at rest is 0. Objects at rest do not have momentum - they do not have any " mass in motion ." Both variables - mass and velocity - are important in comparing the momentum of two objects. The momentum equation can help us to think about how a change in one of the two variables might affect the momentum of an object. Consider a 0.5-kg physics cart loaded with one 0.5-kg brick and moving with a speed of 2.0 m/s. The total mas


FAST is the very apt acronym for recognizing and reacting to what sort of medical emergency?

Sleep Apnea: Symptoms, Causes, Types, Self-Help and Treatment Options Sleep Apnea Symptoms, Causes, Types, Self-Help and Treatment Options Many people treat snoring as a joke or something they feel embarrassed about. But loud snoring—especially when accompanied by daytime fatigue—may be a sign of sleep apnea, a common disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts as you sleep. Sleep apnea can leave you feeling exhausted during the day, affect your mood and your relationship with your bed partner, and even be dangerous to your health. But there are things you can do to sleep better at night and feel sharper and more energetic during the day. The first step is to overcome any embarrassment you feel about your snoring and learn to recognize the symptoms of sleep apnea. What you can do Recognize the difference between snoring and sleep apnea Learn to recognize the signs and symptoms of sleep apnea Look into lifestyle changes that can reduce symptoms Explore breathing devices for treating sleep apnea Explore dental devices for treating sleep apnea What is sleep apnea? Sleep apnea is a common but serious sleep disorder where your breathing is briefly interrupted when you’re asleep. If you have sleep apnea, you’re probably not aware of these short breathing pauses that occur hundreds of times a night, jolting you out of your natural sleep rhythm. All you know is that you don’t feel as energetic, mentally sharp, or productive during the day as you should do. The most common type of sleep apnea—obstructive sleep apnea—occurs when the airway is blocked, causing pauses in breathing and loud snoring. Since sleep apnea only occurs while you’re sleeping, you may only discover you have a problem when a bed partner or roommate complains about your snoring. Though you may feel self-conscious about it or tempted to just make light of your snoring, it’s something you shouldn’t ignore. Sleep apnea can take a serious toll on your physical and emotional health. The chronic sleep deprivation caused by sleep apnea can result in daytime sleepiness, slow reflexes, poor concentration, and an increased risk of accidents. Sleep apnea can cause moodiness, irritability, and even lead to depression, as well as serious physical health problems such as diabetes, heart disease, liver problems, and weight gain. With the right treatment and self-help strategies, however, you can control your snoring and the symptoms of sleep apnea, get your sleep back on track, and feel refreshed and alert during the day. Anatomy of a sleep apnea episode As airflow stops during a sleep apnea episode, the oxygen level in your blood drops. Your brain responds by briefly disturbing your sleep enough to kick start breathing—which often resumes with a gasp or a choking sound. If you have obstructive sleep apnea, you probably won’t remember these awakenings. Most of the time, you’ll stir just enough to tighten your throat muscles and open your windpipe. In central sleep apnea, you may be conscious of your awakenings. Types of sleep apnea Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common type of sleep apnea. It occurs when the soft tissue in the back of the throat relaxes during sleep and blocks the airway, often causing you to snore loudly. Central sleep apnea is a much less common type of sleep apnea that involves the central nervous system, occuring when the brain fails to signal the muscles that control breathing. People with central sleep apnea seldom snore. Complex sleep apnea is a combination of obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep apnea. Signs and symptoms It can be tough to identify sleep apnea on your own, since the most prominent symptoms only occur when you’re asleep. But you can get around this difficulty by asking a bed partner to observe your sleep habits, or by recording yourself during sleep. If pauses occur while you snore, and if choking or gasping follows the pauses, these are major warning signs that you have sleep apnea. Major warning signs Impotence Is it sleep apnea or just snoring? Not everyone who snores has sleep apnea, and not everyone who has s


The German Imannuel Kant, Englishman Bertrand Russell, and American John Dewey, were notable?

Bertrand Russell Stalks The Nazis | Issue 97 | Philosophy Now Bertrand Russell Stalks The Nazis Thomas Akehurst on why Russell blamed German fascism on German philosophy. Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) is best known for his activities at the very beginning and at the very end of his working life. His philosophical reputation was made by his pioneering insights into logic in the first decade of the twentieth century, and he cut his political teeth through his pacifist opposition to World War I – an opposition which saw him jailed for spreading rumours harmful to the alliance between Britain and America. Forty years later, as an old man, he helped found the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament in the late 1950s. These facts, plus his brief flirtation with polyamory, which scandalized conservative elements in Britain and America, tend to be what we know about him. What is less well known is that in the 1930s and 1940s Russell’s attention turned to the idea that the origins of Nazism were primarily philosophical. I want to argue that this account of the origins of Nazism helped to shape the hostility to continental philosophy which ran, and in some quarters still runs, through analytic (‘Anglo-Saxon’) philosophy. The Philosophical Tide Turns The story of Russell’s philosophical account of the evils of German politics starts with the chaotic jingoism of the First World War. Prior to 1914, German scholarship had been widely respected in Britain. However, as nationalist rhetoric intensified, and German Shepherd dogs were shot in British streets, German philosophy too came under increasing fire. In his The Metaphysical Theory of the State published in 1918, L.T. Hobhouse wrote this about witnessing a Zeppelin raid on London: “Presently three white specks could be seen dimly through the light of the haze overhead, and we watched their course from the field. The raid was soon over… As I went back to my Hegel my mood was one of self-satire. Was this a time for theorizing or for destroying theories, when the world was tumbling about our ears? … In the bombing of London I had just witnessed the visible and tangible outcome of the false and wicked doctrine, the foundations of which lay, as I believe, in the book before me.” (Quoted in Thomas Baldwin, ‘Interlude: Philosophy and the First World War’ in The Cambridge History of Philosophy 1870-1945, 2003, p.367.) Hobhouse was not alone. Many British philosophers thought that they saw the root causes of the First World War in German nationalist philosophies of the nineteenth century, most particularly in Hegel. Friedrich Nietzsche was the other popular target. A bookseller on the Strand in London announced in his window that this was ‘The Euro-Nietzschean War’, and urged passers-by to “Read the Devil, in order to fight him the better.” (Quoted in Nicholas Martin, ‘Fighting a Philosophy: The Figure of Nietzsche in British Propaganda of the First World War’, The Modern Language Review 98, no.2, 2003, p.372.) Bertrand Russell Russell was a witness to the peculiar spectacle of the British public turning on German philosophy during World War I, but did not make any moves to join the general condemnation. All of this changed in the early 1930s, when in an article called ‘The Ancestry of Fascism’ in his In Praise of Idleness (1935) he resurrected the argument that German philosophy lay behind German political aggression. Following the lead set by Hobhouse and others in the First World War, Russell argued that while Nazism could be accounted for partially through political and economic factors, at its heart lay a philosophy that emerged from trends in nineteenth century thought. Although during the First World War there had been principally two villains, Hegel and Nietzsche, Russell managed to find a whole family tree of Nazism’s ancestors: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel Kant, G.W.F. Hegel, Johann Gotlieb Fichte, Giuseppe Mazzini, Arthur Schopenhauer, Friedrich Nietzsche, Heinrich Von Treitschke, Thomas Carlyle, William James and John Dewey! This rogues gallery of philosophical forebears of the Nazis


What is a feature of wood, sand, cereal, and also 0.0648 grams?

What is the difference between cereal and grain? | the-difference-between.com What is the difference between cereal and grain? Cereal is a see also of grain. In context|countable|lang=en terms the difference between cereal and grain is that cereal is (countable) a particular type of breakfast cereal while grain is (countable) a former unit of gold purity, also known as carat grain , equal to "carat" (karat). In context|uncountable|lang=en terms the difference between cereal and grain is that cereal is (uncountable) breakfast cereal while grain is (uncountable) a linear texture of a material or surface. As nouns the difference between cereal and grain is that cereal is (countable) a type of grass (such as wheat, rice or oats) cultivated for its edible grains while grain is (uncountable) the harvested seeds of various grass-related food crops eg: wheat, corn, barley or grain can be a branch of a tree; a stalk or stem of a plant. As a verb grain is to feed grain to. Noun (en-noun) (countable) A type of grass (such as wheat, rice or oats) cultivated for its edible grains. (uncountable) The grains of such a grass. (uncountable) Breakfast cereal. Would you like some cereal ? (countable) A particular type of breakfast cereal. Which cereal would you like for breakfast? Hyponyms * cereal bar * cereal dust * cereal killer * pseudocereal Related terms From (etyl) grain, grein, from (etyl) . Compare English corn. Noun (uncountable) The harvested seeds of various grass-related food crops eg: wheat, corn, barley. We stored a thousand tons of grain for the winter. (countable) A single seed of grain. a grain of wheat (countable|uncountable) The crops from which grain is harvested. The fields were planted with grain . (uncountable) A linear texture of a material or surface. Cut along the grain of the wood. (countable) A single particle of a substance. a grain of sand a grain of salt (countable) A very small unit of weight, in England equal to 1/480 of an ounce troy, 0.0648 grams or, to be more exact, 64.79891 milligrams (0.002285714 avoirdupois ounce). A carat grain or pearl grain is 1/4 carat or 50 milligrams. The old French grain was 1/9216 livre or 53.11 milligrams, and in the mesures usuelles permitted from 1812 to 1839, with the livre redefined as 500 grams, it was 54.25 milligrams. (countable) A former unit of gold purity, also known as carat grain , equal to "carat" (karat). (materials) A region within a material having a single crystal structure or direction. Derived terms


What word meaning official procedure derives ultimately from Greek root words for first and glue?

Words for Bodies of Lawmakers Words for Bodies of Lawmakers By Mark Nichol This post discusses an assortment of words employed in English to refer to a group of people responsible for representing the general populace and passing laws, or to pertain to the room in which they meet to do so, or both. Assembly, from Anglo-French by way of the Latin term assimulare (“together”), is used in many states and nations to refer to a body of legislators, usually one of two in a bicameral, or two-house, system. It also refers in general to a gathering. Burgess was used in England’s Parliament and subsequently in some of the British colonies in North America to refer to legislators. It is related to burg and borough, which often form part of the name of a city or a district of one; the term basically means “citizen.” (When the term was widely used, any citizen of at least modestly prosperous standing conceivably could serve as a burgess.) The Latin origin, burgensis, mutated into the Old French word borjois, which then entered English as burgeis and was later spelled in its present form. Later, bourgeois, the Modern French form of borjois, was borrowed directly into English; it now collectively denotes people with conventional middle-class values. Chamber is from the Latin word for an arched roof, which is borrowed from a Greek term meaning “vault.” It can also apply to a meeting room for legislators or to a judge’s office or to a reception room for a person in a position of authority, or any room in general. (The root word of bicameral has the same origin, as does camera.) The word also applies to an artificial or natural enclosed space or cavity, such as a portion of a cavern, a section of a machine, or a segment of a heart. In addition, it describes a compartment for a bullet in a gun. The word can serve as an adjective, as in “chamber music,” or a verb describing the action of occupying a space. Congress, from the Latin term congredi, which literally means “walk together,” came to refer to a formal meeting of representatives from different places. Its current sense stems from the name of the Continental Congress, attended by delegates from each of the thirteen original (and distinct) British colonies in North America. When the fledgling US government subsequently named its bicameral legislative body, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives, Congress, the meaning shifted to refer to a body of representatives from the same country or state. (Congress is also employed, though rarely, in the sense of “a sexual union.”) Council, which derives from the Latin term concilium, which roughly means “call with,” refers to a group that makes decisions, rules, or laws or provide guidance. Formal lawmaking councils usually are limited in scope to jurisdictions such as cities or towns. Diet, ultimately from the Greek term diaita, meaning “regimen” or “way of life,” came to refer to daily rites or obligations and then daily meetings of counselors and officials, and it still is employed as part of the formal name for the national legislature in Japan. (The use of the word in reference to eating and nutrition has the same etymological source.) Legislature is an extension of legislator, itself directly stemming from the Latin phrase legis lator, meaning “one who proposes a law.” (Legis is the progenitor of legal.) The word is widely used generically to refer to a body of lawmakers and is frequently part of such a group’s formal name. The spelling of the Old French term parlement, meaning “a talk,” was altered, influenced by the Latin word parliamentum, to parliament to refer to a conference. A later sense of an assembly commanded by a monarch contributed to the naming of England’s Parliament, its national deliberative body. Parliamentarian originally referred to member of Parliament’s faction in the English Civil War, but in modern use it pertains to someone knowledgeable about parliamentary procedure, a protocol for conducting formal meetings. One term that didn’t survive into the modern era is witenagemot, a compound word referri


What word, from a US dietary reformist, refers to unsifted wholewheat flour?

Cooking with the Bible - GRAINS Cooking with the Bible GRAINS Barley Barley (Hordeum vulgare), cultivated for food and livestock feed, is a member of the Grass family. Probably originating in the highlands of what is now Ethiopia, modern barley is thought to have descended from wild barley (H. spontaneum), which is still found in the Middle East, and to be one of the first plants cultivated for food. There is some archaeological evidence of domesticated barley in Syria by about 8000 b.c.e., but the first recorded mention of barley is in Egyptian hieroglyphics dating from 5000 b.c.e. and Sumerian cuneiform tablets from about 3500 b.c.e. It was being grown in northwestern Europe and in the Indus River valley by 3000 b.c.e. The two “immortal sons of heaven” of the early Vedic literature are barley and rice, and a 2800 b.c.e. Chinese writing lists barley among the five sacred crops of China (the others being soybeans, rice, wheat, and millet). The ancient Hebrews used barley extensively in bread-making. One of the plagues visited upon Pharaoh to convince him to let the Israelites leave Egypt was a rain of hailstones that ruined the barley (Exodus 9:31). Barley was one of the riches of the Promised Land that God held in store for the Israelites (Deuteronomy 8:8). Ruth arrived in Bethlehem with her mother-in-law, Naomi, at the beginning of the barley harvest and gleaned barley from the harvested fields (Ruth 1:22 and 2:17). Absalom destroyed Joab's barley fields to weaken his enemy (II Samuel 14:30). God instructed Ezekiel to make a bread with barley (Ezekiel 4:9). And Jesus took five barley loaves and fed 5,000 people, with such abundance that afterward his followers were able to collect twelve large baskets of leftover bread ( John 6:1–13). Barley was the chief grain of the Greek Homeric epics, and it may have been the venerated grain spike of the fertility rituals of the Demeter (“Mother-Goddess' or “Bringer of Seasons,” sometimes known as “Barley-mother”) cult of the ancient Greeks, who also fermented barley grain into a mildly alcoholic beverage. The ancient Romans preferred barley bread over all others and at one point even demanded a barley tribute from Carthage. Barley remained the major bread grain in Europe until the 16th century c.e. Spanish colonists planted barley in South America, and English colonists brought it to North America, where it thrived in Pennsylvania (and was later fermented with limestone water to make whiskey). Barley is low in gluten and does not respond to yeast, so it lost its popularity when leavened bread became the standard for bread-making. Nowadays barley is primarily used for feeding livestock and making beer, though where wheat is difficult to grow, barley remains an essential grain for the human table—in fact, it is the fourth most important cereal crop in the world. It is tolerant of both cold and salty conditions. Today, the major producers of barley are Russia, Canada, the Ukraine, Turkey, Spain, Australia, Morocco, the United States, Iraq, and Iran, in order of decreasing barley cultivation. Three species of barley are widely farmed, differing by the number of rows of kernels in the barley head: two-row barley (H. distichum), four-row barley (H. tetrastichum), and the most common, six-row barley (H. vulgare). The species differ in both protein and enzyme content, with two-row barley having less protein but more enzymes. Barley commonly is available in several forms: Flakes (or flaked barley) are flattened grains. Grits are barley grains that have been toasted and cracked into small pieces. Hulled barley is barley that has had only the outer, inedible hull removed; the bran remains, so it is rich in dietary fiber and iron and other minerals. Pearl (pearled) barley is barley that has been scoured during milling to completely remove the double husk and the bran layer. This process shortens the grain's cooking time but removes many nutrients. This is the form most commonly found in the supermarket. Pot (Scotch) barley is barley that has been scoured, but not quite so thoroughly as pearl


The long-standing flag of New Zealand (to 2015) has how many stars, based on Crux, the Southern Cross constellation?

Flag Game at New Zealand Tourism Guide Free Online Amazing Race Game - Travel IQ Game - Internet Educational Gaming ... …Home »Online travel games »Amazing race traveller iq Online Amazing Race Game Before you pack your bags and head off to your next destination, find out if you can pinpoint where places in the world are from the comfort of your armchair? Simply plant your flag where you think each place… Free Online World Flags Game - Geography Quiz - Online Educational Games - Fl... …games »Flags of the world traveller iq Flags of the World - Travel Knowledge Test Do you know your country flags? You will be shown a national flags and be required to indicate which country each flag represents. Do you know the colours, symbols or the shapes of different countries' flags?… Free Online Travel Game - Travel IQ Game for Family and Friends - Free Educat... …main content Home »Online travel games »Traveller iq Online Travel IQ Game Before you pack your bags and head off to your next destination, find out if you can pinpoint places in the world from the comfort of your armchair? Simply plant your flag where you think each place is and see if… Capitals of the World Traveler IQ Test - Free Online World Traveller Game - T... …travel game and see who can score most points for marking the world map with the most accurate location. Find out how many kilometres out of the way your flags end up. Brought to you by TravelPod, the Web's Original Travel Blog ( part of the TripAdvisor Media Network ) Back to Game List Featured… Free Online Travel Games – Free Internet Games – Online Travel Ga... …the test. Traveller IQ - Flags of the World Do you know which is the Union Jack or The Lonely Star? This online game is a great way to see how many flags you know. Traveller IQ - Oceania Australasia See if you can drop the flag in the right place in a quick-fire Internet game to test your speed and… Free Travel Newsletter : April 2011, Women's Surf Festival, Taranaki, NZ Musi... …present sandflies...(more) Online Travel Games Compete with your family, friends and fellow travellers to find out who has the best travel and geographic knowledge by playing our free, fun and fast online travel games. Find out who really knows the flags, the capitals and key visitor attractions of… Free Travel Newsletter : August 2012, Stars Help Cure Kids – Red Nose Day, ... …New Zealand Fast Facts Since 1902, the official flag of New Zealand has featured the Union Flag and four red stars with white borders. The stars represent the constellation of Crux, the Southern Cross. The stars of the constellation shown on the flag are: Alpha Crucis (also known as Acrux), Beta… September 2011 New Zealand Tourism Newsletter, September 2011 Travel Newslett... …* Rugby World Cup 2011 Social Media Marketing – Tourism New Zealand will use a mobile app and mobile site called 'Capture the Flag', a location based photo-sharing game to help visitors find great places to go in New Zealand, meet with friends and share their experiences from their mobile phones.… Christmas in New Zealand: Christmas Holidays, Santa Parades, Carols, Songs, T... …these parades, sing along with songs and wave at the parade participants—great for the children, who often pick up free lollies (sweets), flags and balloons. Christmas Food and Drink Whilst many New Zealanders still cook a 'traditional' Christmas roast for Christmas Day consisting of turkey…


Which 1900s time-travel movie franchise correctly predicted automatic self-tightening shoes for 2015?

Back to the Future timeline | Futurepedia | Fandom powered by Wikia Back to the Future timeline 2,533pages on The Back to the Future film trilogy and the short film sequel, Doc Brown Saves the World , present a detailed local history of the fictitious city of Hill Valley and the genealogies, information, and histories of its residents. Each event described in this timeline is either depicted in the films (or on other artifacts such as newspapers depicted in the films), in the novels, in screenplays to the films, or described in interviews by the Bobs (director/co-writer Robert Zemeckis and producer/co-writer Bob Gale ). Additionally, some dates (e.g. Verne 's birthdate and Clara 's birth year) are derived from episodes of the animated series , although whether or not that information is canon is subject to dispute by fans. Information from fan fiction is not included. According to Dr. Emmett Brown in Back to the Future Part II , whenever a time traveler alters key events occurring in the past, they effectively bring an alternate timeline into existence at their point-of-entry, and their original timeline is erased, even though its events are not forgotten by the time-traveler. Thus, every time travel jump into the past depicted in the Back to the Future saga "destroys" a current timeline and "creates" a new one, although Doc Brown often uses the phrase "erased from existence" to describe the deleterious effects of this process. Because of this, events from later timelines do not make their way backward into previous ones; for example, Bob Zemeckis has specifically denied the presence of a second Marty at Twin Pines Mall in Timeline 1. [1] As a time traveler acquires multiple recollections of these altered timelines, a fourth-dimensional latticework begins to emerge which can be expressed graphically, as Doc Brown actually does for Marty McFly (in a crude blackboard drawing) in Back to the Future Part II. Doc further explains that the new timeline causes the world to "change around" the time traveler (e.g. Jennifer and Einstein in 1985A), leaving him or her unaffected unless the new timeline precludes the time traveler's existence (e.g. Old Biff, in a scene deleted because, according to Bob Gale, the audience likely would not understand the reasoning behind it). [1] Accordingly, there is no second version of the time traveler, as had been suggested by Imagineer Bob Gordon in issue #108 of Starlog Magazine, years before the second film was released. [2] Chart of alternate timelines The multiple Back to the Future timelines. In the graphic above, the term Timeline 1 describes the original timeline. The blue stars represent the ensuing jumps by Doc’s DeLorean depicted in the trilogy. The resulting timelines, from 2 to 8, are represented by each successive horizontal arrow. Some timelines, such as Timeline 5 in which the events of 1985A take place, are drastically different in terms of their respective events and effects. Accordingly, the events within each timeline are listed (chronologically) as they are understood to have occurred, but most often where they differ (often radically, or else subtly) from those of their "parent" timelines. For instance, permanently unaltered events in Timeline 1 during the 1960s are common to all BTTF timelines and are listed only once. Events that occur prior to a timeline split date are of course identical to those described in the lower-numbered timeline. Timeline 1 This is the original, unaltered timeline. In this timeline, Biff Tannen becomes George McFly 's supervisor and continues bullying him. 1850s 1885 April: William Sean McFly born, first son to Seamus and Maggie and the first McFly born in America. Saturday, August 29 : There is a meeting of the townspeople over who will pick up the new schoolteacher on September 4 . No one volunteers. Wednesday, September 2 : Native American Horseback-archers are chased near Hill Valley by the United States Cavalry. Friday, September 4 : The new Hill Valley Courthouse clock is delivered to Hill Valley by train. [9] Also on board the same train as


What US city is originally associated with Dixieland (jazz)?

History of Jazz | Black History in America | Scholastic.com New Orleans: The Melting Pot of Sound Mardi Gras in New Orleans at the turn of the century Photo: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, Detroit Publishing Company Collection. "New Orleans had a great tradition of celebration. Opera, military        marching bands, folk music, the blues, different types of church        music, ragtime, echoes of traditional African drumming, and all        of the dance styles that went with this music could be heard and        seen throughout the city. When all of these kinds of music blended        into one, jazz was born." Wynton Marsalis Listen to this        traditional New Orleans standard called "Second Line." The melody is repetitive and very singable. Notice the banjo        rhythms in the background, and listen to the musicians break away        from the melody into collective improvisations. To learn more about composition and improvisation , play this jazz game on the PBS Kids website.     Mid1930s Swing: Sound in Motion Swing is the basic rhythm of jazz. Swinging means being in sync       with other people and loving it. Swing as a jazz style first appeared       during the Great Depression. The optimistic feeling of swing lifted       the spirits of everyone in America. By the mid-1930s, a period known       as the "swing" era, swing dancing had become our national       dance and big bands were playing this style of music. Orchestra leaders       such as Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Fletcher Henderson, Paul Whiteman,       and Benny Goodman led some of the greatest bands of the era. Learn about the swing rhythm and listen to how the vocalists accent       the second and fourth beats to create that rhythm. These accents give       the music a sense of motion and make you want to dance. Duke Ellington Photo: Library of Congress One of the most significant figures in music history, Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington was born on April 29, 1899, in Washington, D.C. He began studying the piano at the age of seven. He started playing       jazz as a teenager, and moved to New York City to become a bandleader.       As a pianist, composer, and bandleader, Ellington was one of the creators       of the big band sound, which fueled the "swing" era. He continued leading and composing for his jazz orchestra until his death in 1974. "Ellington       plays the piano, but his real instrument is his band. Each member       of his band is to him a distinctive tone color and set of emotions,       which he mixes with others equally distinctive to produce a third       thing, which I like to call the 'Ellington Effect.'" Billy       Strayhorn, composer and arranger Listen to Wynton Marsalis explain the "Ellington Effect." Learn more about Duke Ellington on his official website.       1940s Bebop: The Summit of Sound "If you really understand the meaning of bebop, you understand       the meaning of freedom." Thelonious Monk, pianist and composer In the early 1940s, jazz musicians were looking for new directions       to explore. A new style of jazz was born, called bebop, had fast       tempos, intricate melodies, and complex harmonies. Bebop was considered       jazz for intellectuals. No longer were there huge big bands, but smaller       groups that did not play for dancing audiences but for listening audiences. Listen to a short history of the beginning of bebop, and learn how       to scat!   Dizzy Gillespie: A Jazz Visionary Dizzy Gillespie Photo: William P. Gottlieb/Ira and Leonore S. Gershwin Fund Collection, Music Division, Library of Congress. "The first time you hear Dizzy Gillespie play the trumpet, you       may think that the tape was recorded at the wrong speed. He played       so high, so fast, so correctly." Wynton Marsalis Trumpeter, bandleader, and composer John B


From Greek for wing and lizard, what name was given to a flying reptile of the Jurassic/Cretaceous periods?

Pterodactyl, Pteranodon & Other Flying 'Dinosaurs' Pterodactyl, Pteranodon & Other Flying 'Dinosaurs' By Joseph Castro, Live Science Contributor | March 18, 2016 01:37pm ET MORE Credit: Joe Tucciarone Credit: Joe Tucciarone Pterodactyl is the common term for the winged reptiles properly called pterosaurs, which belong to the taxonomic order Pterosauria. Scientists typically avoid using the term and concentrate on individual genera, such as Pterodactylus and Pteranodon.  There are at least  130 valid pterosaur genera , according to David Hone, a paleontologist at Queen Mary University of London. They were widespread and lived in numerous locations across the globe, from China to Germany to the Americas. Pterosaurs first appeared in the late Triassic Period and roamed the skies until the end of the Cretaceous Period (228 to 66 million years ago), according to an article published in 2008 in the German scientific journal  Zitteliana . Pterosaurs lived among the dinosaurs and became extinct around the same time, but they were not dinosaurs. Rather, pterosaurs were flying reptiles.  Modern birds didn't descend from pterosaurs; birds' ancestors were small, feathered, terrestrial dinosaurs. The first pterosaur discovered was Pterodactylus, identified in 1784 by Italian scientist Cosimo Collini, who thought he had discovered a marine creature that used its wings as paddles.  A French naturalist, Georges Cuvier, proposed that the creatures could fly in 1801, and then later coined the term "Ptero-dactyle" in 1809 after the discovery of a fossil skeleton in Bavaria, Germany. This was the term used until scientists realized they were finding different genera of flying reptiles. However, "pterodactyl" stuck as the popular term. Pterodactylus comes from the Greek word pterodaktulos, meaning " winged finger ," which is an apt description of its flying apparatus. The primary component of the wings of Pterodactylus and other pterosaurs were made up of a skin and muscle membrane that stretched from the animals' highly elongated fourth fingers of the hands to the hind limbs.  The reptiles also had membranes running between the shoulders and wrists (possibly incorporating the first three fingers of the hands), and some groups of pterosaurs had a third membrane between their legs, which may have connected to or incorporated a tail.  Early research suggested pterosaurs were cold-blooded animals that were more suited to gliding than active flying. However, scientists later discovered that some pterosaurs, including Sordes pilosus and Jeholopterus ninchengensis, had furry coats consisting of hairlike filaments called pycnofibers, suggesting they were warm-blooded and generated their own body heat, according to a 2002 study in the  Chinese Science Bulletin .  What's more, a 2010 study in the journal  PLOS ONE  suggested pterosaurs had powerful flight muscles, which they could use to walk as quadrupeds (on all fours) like vampire bats and vault into the air.  Once airborne, the largest pterosaurs (Quetzalcoatlus northropi) could reach speeds of over 67 mph (108 kph) for a few minutes and then glide at cruising speeds of about 56 mph (90 kph), the study found. Artwork by Scott Hartman reveals the bone structure of Pteranodon. Credit: © Scott Hartman / All rights reserved Sizes of pterosaurs Pterodactylus antiquus (the only known species of the genus) was a comparatively small pterosaur, with an estimated adult wingspan of about 3.5 feet (1.06 meters), according to a 2012 study in the journal  Paläontologische Zeitschrift . There was some confusion early on as to the size of the Pterodactylus, because some of the specimens turned out to be juveniles rather than adults. Pteranodon, discovered in 1876 by Othniel C. Marsh, was much bigger. It had a wingspan that ranged from 9 to 20 feet (2.7 to 6 m), according to a 2000 study in  Current Research in Earth Sciences , a peer-reviewed bulletin of the Kansas Geological Survey.  The  smallest pterosaur , called Nemicolopterus crypticus, was discovered in the western part of China's Liaoning Province. It ha


The sepals or calyx of a plant initially surround and generally give way to the?

Calyx (flower) | Article about Calyx (flower) by The Free Dictionary Calyx (flower) | Article about Calyx (flower) by The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Calyx+(flower) Also found in: Dictionary , Thesaurus , Medical , Wikipedia . flower, name for the specialized part of a plant containing the reproductive organs, applied to angiosperms only. A flower may be thought of as a modified, short, compact branch bearing lateral appendages. Like twigs, flowers develop from buds, and the basic floral parts (sepal, petal, stamen, and carpel) are in actual fact greatly modified leaves. A typical flower is a concentric arrangement of these parts attached at their base to the receptacle, the tip of the stem. Outermost is a whorl of leaflike green sepals (the calyx) encircling a whorl of usually showy, colored petals (the corolla). Within the corolla the stamens, bearing anther sacs full of pollen pollen, minute grains, usually yellow in color but occasionally white, brown, red, or purple, borne in the anther sac at the tip of the slender filament of the stamen of a flowering plant or in the male cone of a conifer. ..... Click the link for more information. , surround the central carpels (ovary). Inside the ovary at the base of the pistil are the ovules, containing the female sex cells; after fertilization of the egg, the ovule becomes the seed seed, fertilized and ripened ovule, consisting of the plant embryo, varying amounts of stored food material, and a protective outer seed coat. Seeds are frequently confused with the fruit enclosing them in flowering plants, especially in grains and nuts. ..... Click the link for more information.  and the ovary becomes the fruit fruit, matured ovary of the pistil of a flower, containing the seed. After the egg nucleus, or ovum, has been fertilized (see fertilization) and the embryo plantlet begins to form, the surrounding ovule (see pistil) develops into a seed and the ovary wall (pericarp) around the ..... Click the link for more information. . The ovary and stamens are termed essential flower parts, the petals and sepals accessory parts. The number and arrangement of the floral organs vary considerably among the many families and orders of plants and are used in the classification of plants; they also indicate the degree of evolution of the plant. In general, the higher a plant is on the evolutionary scale, the greater is the flower's complexity. The basic number of parts differs from class to class and from family to family; in monocotyledonous plants the parts generally occur in groups of three or in multiples of three, and in dicotyledons more often in groups of two, four, and five. Flowers may be staminate (lack carpels), carpellate, or both; staminate and carpellate flowers may appear on the same plant, on separate plants, or in the same inflorescence. One type of inflorescence, characteristic of the parsley family, is the umbel, in which the tiny florets are borne on separate stalks radiating out from the stem tip. Sometimes the parts serve unusual purposes: the true flowers of the dogwood and the poinsettia are inconspicuous, and the showy "petals" are really modified leaves called bracts. In the jack-in-the-pulpit the florets are clustered on a spike canopied by a large bract, the spathe; the hood of the lady's-slipper, on the other hand, is a modified sterile stamen. Grass inflorescences are tiny spikelets sheathed by protective scales called glumes (the chaff or grain). Flowers have been cultivated and bred for their beauty and their perfume from earliest times and have accumulated a vast and intricate treasury of symbolic associations derived from legend and folklore. Individual flowers have been celebrated in heraldry ( rose rose, common name for some members of the Rosaceae, a large family of herbs, shrubs, and trees distributed over most of the earth, and for plants of the genus Rosa, the true roses. ..... Click the link for more information. ), in religion (lotus), and in politics ( violet violet, common name for some members of the Violaceae, a famil


The term domicile refers most accurately to a person's country of?

You're Not a "Resident" under the Internal Revenue Code Such individual meets the substantial presence test of    paragraph (3). (iii) First year election Such individual makes the election provided in paragraph    (4). Therefore, the terms “resident”, “alien”,   and “resident alien” are all synonymous terms within the Internal Revenue   Code. QUESTION    FOR DOUBTERS:  If you believe we are wrong,    then please show us a definition of the term “resident” within either the Internal Revenue Code or the implementing    regulations that includes “citizens of the United States” as defined under 8 U.S.C. ï¿½1401 .  There simply isn’t one!  You are not free to “presume” or “assume” that “citizens of the United    States” are also “residents” without the authority of a    law that authorizes it.  To make this assumption in    a court of law would violate our right to “due process or    law”, because “presumption” or “assumption” of anything    in the legal realm is a violation of due process.  Everything must be proven. The only way you can come under the   jurisdiction of the Internal Revenue Code is to to meet one or more   of the following two criterias below: A “U.S. person” residing on or BEING federal property or situated   inside the “federal zone” as defined under 26 U.S.C.   ï¿½7701 (a)(30):  (D) any estate (other than a foreign estate, within    the meaning of paragraph (31)), and  (E) any trust if -         (i) a court    within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision    over the administration of the             trust, and        (ii) one or more    United States persons have the authority to control all substantial    decisions of the trust. The above “U.S. person” is technically either an “alien” or    a federal corporation only.  A corporation can also be    an “alien” if it was incorporated outside of federal jurisdiction    but has a presence inside the federal zone.  Under 26 C.F.R. ï¿½ 301.6109-1 , these are the only entities who are    required to provide any kind of identifying number on their    tax return!  That regulation requires the furnishing of    a “Taxpayer Identification Number” for these legal “persons”,    but 26 C.F.R. ï¿½301.6109-1 (d)(3) says that Social Security Numbers    are not to be treated as “Taxpayer Identification Numbers”.  Consequently, natural persons with a Social Security Number    do not have to provide any kind of identifying number on their    return because they aren’t the proper subject of Subtitle A    of the Internal Revenue Code.  See section 5.4.12 later    for further details on this scandal. A “nonresident alien” under 26 C.F.R. ï¿½1.1-1(a)(2)(ii) or 26 C.F.R.   ï¿½1.1441-1(c )(3)   who has income “effectively connected   with a trade or business”, which means a political office in the   United States government under 26 U.S.C. ï¿½7701(a)(26) .  See   26 C.F.R. ï¿½1.1-1(a)(2)(ii). Under item 1 above, the term “citizen of the United   States” is used in describing a “U.S. person”, but that “person” is   technically only a federal corporation, as confirmed by the following: The legal encyclopedia, Corpus Juris Secundum confirms that   corporations are treated in law as “citizens of the United States”: "A corporation is a citizen, resident , or inhabitant of the state or country by or under    the laws of which it was created, and of that state or country    only." [19 Corpus Juris Secundum, Corporations, ï¿½886] The definition of “income” as including only “corporate profit” under our Constitution limits the entire Internal Revenue Code to   corporations only.  See section 5.6.5 later for complete details   on this subject. Human beings (people) who are “citizens of the   United States” are those born only in the District   of Columbia or federal territories under the provisions of 8 U.S.C. ï¿½1401 .  Federal territories are the only “States” within the Internal Revenue   Code.  These “citizens of the United Sta


Alnwick Castle, Northumberland UK, featured in a popular movie franchise as which institution?

Alnwick Castle - Alnwick, United Kingdom - History and Visitor Information Site information Alnwick Castle HISTORY Alnwick Castle in Northumberland is one of the largest castle complexes in England and has been the historic home of the famous Percy family for over 700 years. It has risen to more recent fame due to its role as the location of Hogwarts in the Harry Potter movie franchise. A great medieval castle, akin to Windsor, the foundation of Alnwick was laid sometime after the great Norman invasion of England in 1066. The castle was, however, substantially rebuilt by the Percys in the 14th century and it is the fascinating tale of them, the Duke of Northumberland’s family, which echoe throughout Alnwick’s walls. From political clout and military achievement to failed rebellions and gunpowder-plotter, the Percys have often played a crucial role in English history. One of the most famous members of the family was the young knight Harry 'Hotspur' Percy, who was immortalised in Shakespeare’s play Henry IV. A statue of Harry Hotspur stands at Alnwick Castle today. More recently, Alnwick has become even more recognisable as the set for the film adaptations of JK Rowling’s Harry Potter series. While it’s not recommended that you travel here via platform 9 and 3/4, a visit to Alnwick is definitely a must for fans of the franchise. Seasonal tours and themed activities - broomstick training and archery to name but a few - mean a day packed full of friendly fun for all the family. The new attraction, the ‘Lost Cellars’ is sure to excite with top of the notch visual and audio effects to heighten the sensory experience – just be sure not to face the cellars alone! The gardens are also not to be missed featuring one of the country’s largest tree-houses to keep the children entertained; moreover, many of the attractions can be toured with a guide and the poison garden is a particular highlight. If that isn’t enough, the castle also boasts an impressive picture collection, chapel and a series of museums that are weaved throughout the interior celebrating the history of both Alnwick Castle and the wider Northumberland area.


What's the more common name for a megagram (Mg)?

SI Units: Mass | NIST SI Units Facebook   Google Plus   Twitter   U.S. National Prototype Kilogram. ©Robert Rathe The kilogram is the SI base unit of mass and is equal to the mass of the international prototype of the kilogram , a platinum-iridium standard that is kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) . The primary standard of mass for this country is United States Prototype Kilogram 20 , which is a platinum-iridium cylinder kept at NIST. The kilogram, originally defined as the mass of one cubic decimeter of water at the temperature of maximum density, was known as the Kilogram of the Archives. It was replaced after the International Metric Convention in 1875 by the International Prototype Kilogram which became the unit of mass without reference to the mass of a cubic decimeter of water or to the Kilogram of the Archives. Each country that subscribed to the International Metric Convention was assigned one or more copies of the international standards; these are known as National Prototype Meters and Kilograms. Learn more about the history and current definition of the kilogram . Among the SI base units, the kilogram (kg) is the only one whose name and symbol, for historical reasons, include a prefix . "Kilo" the SI prefix for 1000 or 103. Names and symbols for decimal multiples and submultiples of the unit of mass are formed by attaching prefix names to the unit name "gram," and prefix symbols to the unit symbol "g." Learn more about this historical quirk .   = 1 megagram (Mg) or 1 metric ton (t) Physicist Richard Steiner adjusts the electronic kilogram, an experimental apparatus for defining mass in terms of the basic properties of nature. Credit: Copyright Robert Rathe The SI base unit of mass, the kilogram, is the last remaining physical artifact. All other base units have been defined in terms of fundamental constants. In 1999, the 21st CGPM recommended that national measurement institutes (NMI) continue their efforts to refine experiments that link the unit of mass to fundamental or atomic constants with a view to a future redefinition of the kilogram. Learn more about NIST research to redefine the kilogram and the electronic kilogram . For Students and Teachers League of SI Superheroes - Monsieur Kilogram This comic book-style video animation series has been developed to help middle school students learn about the 7 SI base measurement units. With his immensely strong arms, Monsieur Kilogram is the master of mass. The kilogram is a cylinder of special metal about 39 millimeters wide by 39 millimeters tall that serves as the world's mass standard.   FAQ - What is the difference between the terms "mass" and "weight"? The mass of a body is a measure of its inertial property or how much matter it contains. The weight of a body is a measure of the force exerted on it by gravity or the force needed to support it. Gravity on earth gives a body a downward acceleration of about 9.8 m/s2. In common parlance, weight is often used as a synonym for mass in weights and measures. For instance, the verb “to weigh” means “to determine the mass of” or “to have a mass of.” The incorrect use of weight in place of mass should be phased out, and the term mass used when mass is meant. The SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg). In science and technology, the weight of a body in a particular reference frame is defined as the force that gives the body an acceleration equal to the local acceleration of free fall in that reference frame. Thus, the SI unit of the quantity weight defined in this way (force) is the newton (N).


What fruit is named from medieval Latin meaning seeded apple?

Pomegranate | Define Pomegranate at Dictionary.com pomegranate [pom-gran-it, pom-i-, puhm-] /ˈpɒmˌgræn ɪt, ˈpɒm ɪ-, ˈpʌm-/ Spell noun 1. a chambered, many-seeded, globose fruit, having a tough, usually red rind and surmounted by a crown of calyx lobes, the edible portion consisting of pleasantly acid flesh developed from the outer seed coat. 2. the shrub or small tree, Punica granatum, that bears it, native to southwestern Asia but widely cultivated in warm regions. Origin of pomegranate Medieval Latin 1275-1325 1275-1325; Middle English poumgarnet, pomegarnade (< Old French pome grenate, pome gernete), representing Medieval Latin pōmum grānātum literally, seedy apple. See pome , grenade Dictionary.com Unabridged Examples from the Web for pomegranate Expand British Dictionary definitions for pomegranate Expand noun 1. an Asian shrub or small tree, Punica granatum, cultivated in semitropical regions for its edible fruit: family Punicaceae 2. the many-chambered globular fruit of this tree, which has tough reddish rind, juicy red pulp, and many seeds Word Origin C14: from Old French pome grenate, from Latin pōmum apple + grenate, from Latin grānātum, from grānātus full of seeds Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for pomegranate Expand n. c.1300, poumgarnet (a metathesized form), from Old French pome grenate (Modern French grenade) and directly from Medieval Latin pomum granatum, literally "apple with many seeds," from pome "apple; fruit" (see Pomona ) + grenate "having grains," from Latin granata, fem. of granatus, from granum "grain" (see grain ). The classical Latin name was malum granatum "seeded apple." Italian form is granata, Spanish is granada. The -gra- spelling restored in English early 15c. Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper pomegranate in the Bible Expand i.e., "grained apple" (pomum granatum), Heb. rimmon. Common in Egypt (Num. 20:5) and Palestine (13:23; Deut. 8:8). The Romans called it Punicum malum, i.e., Carthaginian apple, because they received it from Carthage. It belongs to the myrtle family of trees. The withering of the pomegranate tree is mentioned among the judgments of God (Joel 1:12). It is frequently mentioned in the Song of Solomon (Cant. 4:3, 13, etc.). The skirt of the high priest's blue robe and ephod was adorned with the representation of pomegranates, alternating with golden bells (Ex. 28:33,34), as also were the "chapiters upon the two pillars" (1 Kings 7:20) which "stood before the house." Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary


The Italian term 'Intermezzo' refers to a piece of (What?) between two larger related creations?

Glossary of Musical Terms Glossary of Musical Terms One or more vocalists performing without an accompaniment. Accelerando - A symbol used in musical notation indicating to gradually quicken tempo. Accessible - Music that is easy to listen to and understand. Adagio - A tempo having slow movement; restful at ease. Allegro - A direction to play lively and fast. Atonal - Music that is written and performed without regard to any specific key. Baroque - Time in music history ranging from the middle of the 16th to the middle of the 17th centuries. Characterized by emotional, flowery music; written in strict form. Beat - The unit of musical rhythm. Cadence - A sequence of chords that brings an end to a phrase, either in the middle or the end of a composition. Cadenza - Initially an improvised cadence by a soloist; later becoming an elaborate and written out passage in an aria or concerto, featuring the skills of an instrumentalist or vocalist. Cadenza - Originally an improvised cadence by a soloist. Later it became a written out passage to display performance skills of an instrumentalist or performer. Canon - A musical form where the melody or tune is imitated by individual parts at regular intervals. The individual parts may enter at different measures and pitches. The tune may also be played at different speeds, backwards, or inverted. Cantabile - A style of singing which is characterized by the easy and flowing tone of the composition. Cantata - Music written for chorus and orchestra. Most often religious in nature. Capriccio - A quick, improvisational, spirited piece of music. Carol - A song or hymn celebrating Christmas. Castrato - Male singers who were castrated to preserve their alto and soprano vocal range. Cavatina - A short and simple melody performed by a soloist that is part of a larger piece. Chamber music - Written for 2 to 10 solo parts featuring one instrument to a part. Each part bears the same importance. Chant - Singing in unison, texts in a free rhythm. Similar to the rhythm of speech. Choir - Group of singers in a chorus. Chorale - A hymn sung by the choir and congregation often in unison. Chord - 3 or 4 notes played simultaneously in harmony. Chord progression - A string of chords played in succession. Chorus - A group singing in unison. Chromatic scale - Includes all twelve notes of an octave. Classical - The period of music history which dates from the mid 1700s to mid 1800s. The music was spare and emotionally reserved, especially when compared to Romantic and Boroque music. Classicism - The period of music history which dates from the mid 1800s and lasted about sixty years. There was a strong regard for order and balance. Clavier - The keyboard of a stringed instrument. Clef - In sheet music, a symbol at the beginning of the staff defining the pitch of the notes found in that particular staff. Coda - Closing section of a movement. Concert master - The first violin in an orchestra. Concerto - A composition written for a solo instrument. The soloist plays the melody while the orchestra plays the accompaniment. Conductor - One who directs a group of performers. The conductor indicates the tempo, phrasing, dynamics, and style by gestures and facial expressions. Consonance - Groups of tones that are harmonious when sounded together as in a chord. Contralto - Two or three melodic lines played at the same time. Courante - A piece of music written in triple time. Also an old French dance. Da Capo - In sheet music, an instruction to repeat the beginning of the piece before stopping on the final chord. Deceptive cadence - A chord progression that seems to lead to resolving itself on the final chord; but does not. Development - Where the musical themes and melodies are developed, written in sonata form. Dissonance - Harsh, discordant, and lack of harmony. Also a chord that sounds incomplete until it resolves itself on a harmonious chord. Drone - Dull, monotonous tone such as a humming or buzzing sound. Also a bass note held under a melody. Duet - A piece of music wri


The main filling of a Scotch pie, (or shell pie) is traditionally?

Scotch Pie | iFood.tv Home » Scotch Pie » About Scotch Pie Scotch Pie as the name says originated in Scotland and it is a double crusted pie with mutton or meat mince fillings. The Scotch Pie is often round in shape with soft crust. It is also known as – Mince Pie, Shell Pie or Football Pie. The dish is mostly sold close to football stadiums, hence the name Football Pies. It is very popular in the United Kingdom and Canada. The Scotch Pie is traditionally filled with mutton mince and the filling is normally very spicy. The Pie is clearly distinguished from other Savory Pies like the Steak Pie, Steak and Tattie Pie, and Steak and Kidney Pie. The Scotch Pie is believed to have originated as a result of the Industrial revolution. The Scotch Pie recipe has gained such popularity that there is an official Scotch Pie Championship conducted by the Scotch Pie club. The club also holds a World Scotch Pie Championship every year. Ingredients and Popular method of Preparing Scotch Pie A typical Scotch Pie recipe includes minced mutton, plain flour, salt and pepper. The pastry for the Pie is made by mixing the plain flour with water. A Pastry case with a round base is made and filled with the minced mutton. Pastry lids are also made to cover the pie. A tiny vent can be made in the center of the lid for steam to escape. Bake the pie and it can be served hot. Scotch Pie can be refrigerated and stored, later can be reheated to serve. Serving Scotch Pie Scotch Pie is mostly served hot in take- away and restaurants. The Pie is not wrapped often and it is served in a foil tin. It is often served with Bovril, a drink from the United Kingdom. Scotch Pie can be also served along with mashed Potatoes, Baked Beans, Brown Sauce or Gravy, and Mushy Peas or vegetables. Scotch Pie Variations Scotch Pie is traditionally made of minced mutton meat, but presently there are variations to it. But in the present world, minced beef has replaced mutton. A few close variations to the Scotch Pie include Pot Pie, Meat Pie, etc. Nutrition Facts of Scotch Pie A single Scotch Pie contains nearly 302 calories with high percentages of fat, protein and sodium. In February 2010, a healthier Scotch Pie recipe was created by Baker and Butcher, T.R Skinner of Scotland. It was dedicated to the Football fans of the region. The healthy Scotch Pie claims 20% lesser fat than the normal Pie.