Succumb - definition of succumb by The Free Dictionary Succumb - definition of succumb by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/succumb  (sə-kŭm′) intr.v. suc·cumbed, suc·cumb·ing, suc·cumbs 1. To submit to an overpowering force or yield to an overwhelming desire; give up or give in. See Synonyms at yield . 2. To die, especially from a disease or injury. [Middle English succomben, to bring down, from Old French succomber, from Latin succumbere, to lie under, yield : sub-, sub- + -cumbere, to lie down (as in accumbere, to lie down).] succumb 1. to give way in face of the overwhelming force (of) or desire (for) 2. to be fatally overwhelmed (by disease, old age, etc); die (of) [C15: from Latin succumbere to be overcome, from sub- + -cumbere from cubāre to lie down] sucˈcumber n 1. to give way to superior force; yield. 2. to yield to disease, wounds, old age, etc.; die. [1480–90; < Latin succumbere=suc- suc - + -cumbere, transitive derivative of cubāre to lie, recline; compare incumbent ] succumb I will have been succumbing you will have been succumbing he/she/it will have been succumbing we will have been succumbing you will have been succumbing they will have been succumbing Past Perfect Continuous buckle under , knuckle under , give in , yield consent , go for , accept - give an affirmative reply to; respond favorably to; "I cannot accept your invitation"; "I go for this resolution" accede , give in , bow , defer , submit - yield to another's wish or opinion; "The government bowed to the military pressure" 2. make it , pull round , pull through , survive , come through - continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.); "He survived the cancer against all odds" succumb verb surrender beat , master , overcome , conquer , rise above , triumph over , get the better of , surmount 2. (with to) (with an illness as object) catch , contract , fall victim to, die from , get , develop , pick up , die of , fall ill with, become infected by, come or go down with, cark it from (Austral. & N.Z. slang) I was determined not to succumb to the virus. succumb [səˈkʌm] VI → sucumbir (to a) succumb to succumb to sth (temptation, charms, illness) → succomber à qch succumb vi → erliegen (→ to +dat); (to threats) → sich beugen (→ to +dat) succumb [səˈkʌm] vi to succumb to (temptation, illness) → soccombere a; (entreaties, charms) → cedere a succumb (səˈkam) verb to yield. She succumbed to temptation and ate the chocolate. ingee يَخْضَع، يَسْتَسْلِم поддавам се sucumbir podlehnout erliegen give efter ενδίδω , υποκύπτω sucumbir järele andma تسليم شدن antautua succomber לְהִכָּנַע झुकना, हार मानना, मर जाना, अभिभूत होना, परास्त होना, का शिकार होना podleći (čemu), umrijeti (od čega) megadja magát tunduk láta undan soccombere , cedere 負ける 굴복하다 pasiduoti, neišlaikyti padoties; nespēt pretoties (vilinājumam, slimībai u.tml.) tunduk bezwijken gi etter for ulegać تسلیمیدل sucumbir a ceda (la) поддаться podľahnúť podleči podleći ge efter, falla för จำนน yenilmek 屈從 поступитися; піддатися مغلوب ہو جانا ngừng kháng cự, thua 屈从


Tallow, Beeswax, Spermaceti, and Paraffin are traditionally used in making?

Selecting the Purest Candles: Without Tallow, Paraffin, or Beeswax Posted by Ingrid Newkirk at 7:00 AM | Permalink | Comments (2) Like many people, you may be asking: What makes a candle vegan and cruelty-free? What harmful products are often used in candles? I addressed these very questions in a chapter in one of my books, Making Kind Choices : Shopping for candles, whether to light the table for that special romantic evening, votive candles to float in the bath, or ones to pop in the kitchen drawer just in case the lights go out, means thinking about what goes into them. The main ingredients to avoid are beeswax, which is stolen from the industrious bees’ hive, tallow (a slaughterhouse product), and paraffin wax, a petroleum product that is associated with health risks. Today, there are wonderful decorative and practical household candles, all easy to find, that are made from soy and other ingredients that are kind to the environment, as well as to your health, and which do not depend on killing and stealing from animals. According to environmental watchdogs, there are three main reasons to avoid buying petroleum (paraffin) products. These are: • Petroleum smoke/exhaust contains many carcinogenic toxins and produces ugly black soot • Petroleum is not a renewable resource and it is of a limited supply • Burning petroleum products creates air pollution and contributes to global warming Paraffin candles contain up to 11 carcinogenic compounds which have been deemed “toxic air contaminants” by the State of California. An air quality researcher, David Krause, has documented evidence that candle soot particles contain many of the same compounds given off from burning diesel fuel. No one really knows when the first candle was invented, but in Roman times candles were made of the pith of certain rushes, peeled except on one side, and dipped in animal fat, so animal fat was always a factor. Today, tallow candles are still made from “rendered” sheep or beef fat from around the cow’s kidneys, so little wonder they can go rancid, can cause irritations in sensitive people, and smell awful once you know exactly what it is your nose is picking up! A fine alternative to animal tallow is vegetable tallow, a substance resembling tallow, obtained from various plants. Chinese vegetable tallow is obtained from the seeds of the tallow tree, and Indian vegetable tallow is a name sometimes given to piney tallow. Vegetable wax is also a safe ingredient. This is simply a waxy excretion on the leaves or fruits of certain plants, such as the bayberry. By the Middle Ages candles were common. Tallow, beeswax, and vegetable wax such as bayberry in North American, candleberry in the East, and waxberry in South America, were later supplemented by whale oil (spermaceti) and by stearine or stearic acid in the early 1800s (this is still obtained from plants which process the carcasses of dogs and cats killed in animal pounds and shelters), then by paraffin in the mid-1800s. Somewhere along the way, people learned to pour beeswax over the wicks. Here’s why to avoid it: Whether we are stealing honey, royal jelly, pollen, propolis, or wax from bees, these incredible little insects-capable of complicated communication documented in their dances and of a social network compared to which our most carefully designed modern communities pale, suffer and die quite needlessly. First, smoke is blown into the bees’ hives to make the bees easier to deal with. Next, a “bee brush” is used to crudely sweep away the bees who rush from the hive and succumb to the smoke. In sweeping them aside, the wire tines break off their legs and wings. Bee farmers then remove the honey and the honeycomb, which is, of course, the hive’s main source of nourishment, and replace it with cheap white sugar. Animal wax used in candles (and certain other products, including some polishes, crayons and lip balms) comes from the honeycomb. It’s easy to pick out “clean candles” as, usually, candle ingredients are marked on them, but sometimes you do have to poke about a bit or ask sales assistants


The famous self-styled anarchist web-hacking group founded in 2003 is called?

Anarchists - The Full Wiki The Full Wiki       Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn't yet, but we're working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . Related top topics Flag of the Republic of China Did you know ... From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For the anthology of anarchist writings, see Anarchism: A Documentary History of Libertarian Ideas. "Anarchist" redirects here. For the fictional character, see Anarchist (comics) . "Anarchists" redirects here. For other uses, see Anarchists (disambiguation) . Part of the Politics series on Anarchism Politics portal Anarchism is a political philosophy which considers the state undesirable, unnecessary and harmful, and instead promotes a stateless society, or anarchy . [1] [2] It seeks to diminish or even abolish authority in the conduct of human relations. [3] Anarchists may widely disagree on what additional criteria are required in anarchism. The Oxford Companion to Philosophy says, "there is no single defining position that all anarchists hold, and those considered anarchists at best share a certain family resemblance." [4] There are many types and traditions of anarchism, not all of which are mutually exclusive. [5] Strains of anarchism have been divided into the categories of social and individualist anarchism or similar dual classifications. [6] [7] Anarchism is often considered to be a radical left-wing ideology, [8] [9] and much of anarchist economics and anarchist legal philosophy reflect anti-statist interpretations of communism , collectivism , syndicalism or participatory economics . However, anarchism has always included an individualist strain [10] supporting a market economy and private property , or morally unrestrained egoism . [8] [11] Others, such as panarchists and anarchists without adjectives , neither advocate nor object to any particular form of organization as long as it is not compulsory. Differing fundamentally, some anarchist schools of thought support anything from extreme individualism to complete collectivism . [2] The central tendency of anarchism as a social movement has been represented by communist anarchism, with individualist anarchism being primarily a philosophical or literary phenomenon . [12] Some anarchists fundamentally oppose all forms of aggression , supporting self-defense or non-violence , while others have supported the use of some coercive measures, including violent revolution and terrorism , on the path to an anarchist society. [13] Contents For more information, see Anarchist terminology The term anarchism derives from the Greek ἄναρχος, anarchos, meaning "without rulers", [14] [15] from the prefix ἀν- (an-, "without") + ἀρχή (archê, "sovereignty, realm, magistracy") [16] + -ισμός (-ismos, from the suffix -ιζειν, -izein "-izing"). There is some ambiguity with the use of the terms " libertarianism " and "libertarian" in writings about anarchism. Since the 1890s from France, [17] the term "libertarianism" has often been used as a synonym for anarchism and was used almost exclusively in this sense until the 1950s in the United States; [18] its use as a synonym is still common outside the United States. [19] Accordingly, " libertarian socialism " is sometimes used as a synonym for socialist anarchism , [20] [21] to distinguish it from "individualist libertarianism" (individualist anarchism). On the other hand, some use " libertarianism " to refer to individualistic free-market philosophy only, referring to free-market anarchism as " libertarian anarchism ." [22] [23] Origins Main article: History of anarchism Some claim anarchist themes can be found in the works of Taoist sages Laozi [24] and Zhuangzi . The latter has been translated, "There has been such a thing as letting mankind alone; there has never been such a thing as governing mankind [with success]," and "A petty thief is put in jail. A great brigand becomes a ruler of a Nation." [25] Diogenes of Sinope and the Cynics , and their contemporary Zeno of Citium , the found


Name the controversial detention camp established in 2002 by the USA in Cuba?

Barack Obama announces plan to close Guantanamo Bay detention camp in Cuba - Telegraph Barack Obama Barack Obama announces plan to close Guantanamo Bay detention camp in Cuba US president says it is time to "close this chapter in our history" as  government presents proposal to close controversial Cuba prison to Congress A detainee from Afghanistan is carried on a stretcher before being interrogated by military officials at Camp X-Ray at the U.S. Naval Base in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba Photo: LYNNE SLADKY/AP By David Lawler , Washington DC 5:29PM GMT 23 Feb 2016 Follow Barack Obama issued a plan to close the Guantanamo Bay terrorist detention camp on Tuesday, saying it was time for America to "close this chapter in our history". The US president made shuttering Guantanamo a central tenet of his 2008 presidential campaign, but has faced staunch opposition from Republicans in Congress and from an American public which is generally opposed to moving the terror suspects onto US soil. Just 91 detainees remain at the prison in Cuba , and the plan drawn up by the Pentagon and endorsed by Mr Obama involves sending at least 35 of them overseas, while relocating the rest to US prisons. He said Guantanamo's continued use was not only prohibitively expensive, but also a propaganda coup for America's enemies. A U.S. Army soldier stands watch in a guard tower as the moon rises over Camp Delta in the Guantanamo Bay detention center in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba  Photo: John Moore/Getty Images "For many years its been clear that the detention centre at Guantanamo Bay does not advance our national security. It undermines it," he said on Tuesday, speaking from the White House. Mr Obama painted Republicans opposed to closing the detention camp as politically motivated, and said Americans had been "scared into thinking, 'well if we close it somehow we'll be less safe'''. He argued that if Guantanamo cannot be closed now, 15 years after the September 11 attacks, it may be decades more before it finally happens. "Let us do what is right for America," he said. "Let us go ahead and close this chapter". BREAKING: Watch @POTUS announce his plan to close the prison at Guantanamo Bay ? https://t.co/86p9S60WJm https://t.co/vlKgRj5lw8 — The White House (@WhiteHouse) February 23, 2016 The military prison at Guantanamo Bay - established by the George W Bush administration in January of 2002 to hold and interrogate terrorism suspects - held approximately 800 detainees at its peak. It has been a regular source of controversy due to reports that detainees have faced torture, and the fact that many were held for years without trial. Shaker Aamer, the last British inmate at Guantanamo, was released in October after thirteen years . The UK government had repeatedly demanded his release. Mr Obama acknowledged that his relationships with allied world leaders were often complicated by the infamous prison. Shaker Aamer was freed from Guantanamo in October  Photo: Eddie Mulholland/The Telegraph "Our closest allies raise it with me continually," he said. "They often raise specific cases of detainees repeatedly. I don't want to pass this problem onto the next president, whoever it is." Despite having spent "countless hours" constructing a plan to close the detention camp, Mr Obama said he was "clear-eyed about the hurdles of finally closing Guantanamo." "If it were easy, it would have happened years ago as I wanted," he said. The primary obstacle is that resettling the 46 inmates deemed too dangerous to release would require approval from Congress. Obama's plan to close Gitmo is a continuation of prioritizing his own legacy over the safety of the American people. https://t.co/1D3s9gKceY — Marco Rubio (@marcorubio) February 23, 2016 Cori Crider, Guantanamo attorney and Director at the international human rights organisation Reprieve, said it appeared the Mr Obama had "thrown in the towel" on actually accomplishing that goal. "Barring a late show of nerve out of the President, it looks like he is just priming himself to pass the blame on whatever remains to Congress," she sai


Often suggested as an English national anthem, William Blake's 1804 poem set to Hubert Parry's music is?

William Blake | British writer and artist | Britannica.com British writer and artist Allaert van Everdingen William Blake, (born Nov. 28, 1757, London , Eng.—died Aug. 12, 1827, London), English engraver, artist, poet, and visionary, author of exquisite lyrics in Songs of Innocence (1789) and Songs of Experience (1794) and profound and difficult “prophecies,” such as Visions of the Daughters of Albion (1793), The First Book of Urizen (1794), Milton (1804[–?11]), and Jerusalem (1804[–?20]). These works he etched, printed, coloured, stitched, and sold, with the assistance of his devoted wife, Catherine. Among his best known lyrics today are “ The Lamb, ” and the “ Jerusalem ” lyric from Milton, which has become a kind of second national anthem in Britain. In the early 21st century, Blake was regarded as the earliest and most original of the Romantic poets, but in his lifetime he was generally neglected or (unjustly) dismissed as mad. William Blake, oil on canvas by Thomas Phillips, 1807; in the National Portrait Gallery, London. Art Media/Heritage-Images Blake was born over his father’s modest hosiery shop at 28 Broad Street, Golden Square, London. His parents were James Blake (1722–84) and Catherine Wright Armitage Blake (1722–92). His father came from an obscure family in Rotherhithe, across the River Thames from London, and his mother was from equally obscure yeoman stock in the straggling little village of Walkeringham in Nottinghamshire. His mother had first married (1746) a haberdasher named Thomas Armitage, and in 1748 they moved to 28 Broad Street. In 1750 the couple joined the newly established Moravian church in Fetter Lane, London. The Moravian religious movement, recently imported from Germany, had had a strong attraction to the powerful emotions associated with nascent Methodism (see Moravian church ). Catherine Armitage bore a son named Thomas, who died as a baby in 1751, and a few months later Thomas Armitage himself died. Catherine left the Moravians, who insisted on marriages within the faith, and in 1752 married James Blake in the Church of England chapel of St. George in Hanover Square. James moved in with her at 28 Broad Street. They had six children: James (1753–1827), who took over the family haberdashery business on his father’s death in 1784; John (born 1755, died in childhood); William, the poet and artist; another John Blake (born 1760, died by 1800), whom Blake referred to in a letter of 1802 as “my Brother John the evil one” and who became an unsuccessful gingerbread baker, enlisted as a soldier, and died; Richard (1762–87), called Robert, a promising artist and the poet’s favourite, at times his alter ego; and Catherine Elizabeth (1764–1841), the baby of the family, who never married and who died in extreme indigence long after the deaths of all her brothers. Britannica Stories Cheetahs Face Extinction Risk William Blake grew up in modest circumstances. What teaching he received as a child was at his mother’s knee, as most children did. This he saw as a positive matter, later writing, “Thank God I never was sent to school/ To be Flogd into following the Style of a Fool[.]” Visions of eternity Visions were commonplaces to Blake, and his life and works were intensely spiritual. His friend the journalist Henry Crabb Robinson wrote that when Blake was four years old he saw God’s head appear in a window. While still a child he also saw the Prophet Ezekiel under a tree in the fields and had a vision, according to his first biographer, Alexander Gilchrist (1828–61), of “a tree filled with angels, bright angelic wings bespangling every bough like stars.” Robinson reported in his diary that Blake spoke of visions “in the ordinary unemphatic tone in which we speak of trivial matters.…Of the faculty of Vision he spoke as One he had had from early infancy—He thinks all men partake of it—but it is lost by not being cultiv[ate]d.” In his essay “ A Vision of the Last Judgment, ” Blake wrote: I assert for My Self that I do not behold the outward Creation… ‘What’ it will be Questiond ‘When the Sun rises, do yo


Fleckerl, Natural Turn, Chasse, and New York are?

Natural Fleckerl - DanceCentral.info DanceCentral.info Thanks to all of you who have donated ! It is truly appreciated! Natural Fleckerl Viennese Waltz Natural Fleckerl The Viennese Waltz Natural Fleckerl is a Gold Level figure. This online reference gives a detailed description of the dance steps, including timing, footwork, alignment, and movement; steps diagram; a list of figures that may precede or follow the pattern; and videos providing instruction and demonstration of the figure, techniques and practice routines that include it. Man


Chesterfield, Ottoman, Tallboy, and Cheval are?

Leather Furniture Price: — 1-12 of 101 products We are fortunate enough to have sources in England for both new and vintage leather furniture. The iconic Chesterfield sofa is one of the most elegant and timeless designs to come out of England and you will find those on this page. Similar in its elegance are the wing back arm chairs and the club chairs that can accompany them. If you do not see the piece of leather furniture that you want we can have any of the reproduction leather items made in a variety of colors and to your custom size. Vintage items cannot always be found so if you see something here you like don’t hesitate to get it!


Martini, Rossini, Mojito, and Sazerac are?

Sazerac Company   How the Sazerac Cocktail Came to Be In 1838, Antoine Amedie Peychaud, owner of a New Orleans apothecary, treated     his friends to brandy toddies of his own recipe, including his "Peychaud's     Bitters," made from a secret family recipe. The toddies were made using a     double-ended egg cup as a measuring cup or jigger, then known as a "coquetier"     (pronounced "ko-k-tay"), from which the word "cocktail" was derived. Thus, the     world's first cocktail was born! By 1850, the Sazerac Cocktail, made with Sazerac French brandy and Peychaud's     Bitters, was immensely popular, and became the first "branded" cocktail. In     1873, the recipe for the Sazerac Cocktail was altered to replace the French     brandy with American Rye whiskey, and a dash of absinthe was added. In 1933, the Sazerac Cocktail was bottled and marketed by the Sazerac Company     of New Orleans. That same year, "Herbsaint," a pastis, was made according to a     French recipe; "Herbsaint" was so named for the New Orleans term for wormwood -     "Herb Sainte." In 1940, the Official Sazerac Cocktail recipe was modified to use Herbsaint as     the absinthe. Finally, in 2000, the Official Sazerac Cocktail recipe was modified to use      Sazerac Kentucky Straight Rye Whiskey. The Official Sazerac Cocktail


Clipper, Brigantine, Corvette, and Schooner are?

Schooner Liberty Clipper Windjammer Cruise Sailing Vacations Schooner Liberty Clipper Sailing Vacations General Vessel Information... Liberty Clipper, a newly renovated gaff-rigged schooner, is a replica of the renowned Baltimore Clippers, made famous over a century ago for their speedy and safe rounding of Cape Horn on expeditions to the California Gold Rush. Her authentic design is exceeded only by a state-of-the-art galley, modern accommodations for up to 24 guests, and a newly adorned grand salon. Each of our windjammer cruises is a once-in a lifetime sailing vacation where daily you will wake to the smell of freshly prepared meals from your home on the sea. Nothing compares to setting sail each morning for a new harbor and a new adventure. The Liberty Clipper is a 125-foot tall ship, pictured to the left under full sail. During your windjammer cruise, you will have access to your private cabin below deck as well as all common areas of the vessel. On a ship this size, you will always be able to find a quiet place to yourself. You'll be invited to help the crew sail the ship by raising sails or even taking a turn at the helm under the careful supervision of our experienced US Coast Guard licensed captain! Make the ship your home, explore and enjoy your sailing cruise!   The Liberty Clipper is rigged as a traditional gaff-rigged schooner. She carries three head-sails, or jibs. In addition, the sailing ship has a fore-sail and main-sail. The Liberty Clipper's size ensures your safety and comfort aboard during your sailing vacation. You will be able to enjoy your time on the main deck during the day without having to worry about the sails. If you prefer shade, you can always move to an area of the vessel in the shadow of a sail or spar.   Accommodations... Your stay aboard the Liberty Clipper will be comfortable and enjoyable. You'll notice the attention to detail and care with which the ship is maintained - this same level of care is offered to all our guests. The Liberty Clipper was designed for Windjammer Cruises and specifically configured to maximize your comfort and enjoyment.  The ship has 12 cabins with accommodation for 24 guests. While she is a modern built vessel, her interiors have been lovingly styled with beautiful woodwork finishes to provide a warm and traditional tall ship feel.  Her cabins are rustic and cozy to match the adventurous nature of her cruises!   On Deck On deck you will have plenty of space to find a comfortable spot to enjoy ocean breezes or get lost in a book. With the sails up, we'll always have shade over half the deck, and at anchor a large canopy covers the midship area to give you relief from the sun without having to retreat down below. Below Deck From our cozy cabins to our grand salon, you'll find the Liberty Clipper is as comfortable below deck as she is enjoyable above! Nearly half of her 12 guest cabins are EnSuites with a private attached toilet and shower room, meaning you'll have plenty of options to choose from depending on budget and privacy needs. Our spacious grand salon features comfortable cushioned benches, a shared bathroom, and small library. Skylights bring in natural light and ventilation in each cabin and the salon. Below Deck Layout of the Liberty Clipper Not drawn to scale.   Cabins Our three cabin options provide a range to accommodate all kinds of travelers - from couples celebrating an anniversary to solo travelers looking for an adventure at minimum cost, there's something for everyone. Each cabin is appointed with yellow pine paneling providing a warm and comfortable feel. Each cabin aboard the Liberty Clipper includes a vanity with a hot and cold running water sink and the ship has 110-volt outlets to charge your camera and other electrical devices. Each bunk also has a reading light. Just imagine reading yourself to sleep, after a wonderful home cooked meal, to the sound of the water lapping gently at the hull... You're sure to feel transported back to simpler days while on your sailing vacation cruise! Standard Cabin (Rooms 9, 10, 11, 12) Our cozy stand


Popocatepetl, Pico de Orizaba, and Iztaccihuatl are?

Pico de Orizaba and Iztaccihuatl Guided Climbing Expedition on Mexico Volcanoes with Mountain Gurus TRAVEL Expedition Overview The Mexican Volcanoes offer an excellent introduction into the world of high altitude mountaineering. Snowcapped El Pico de Orizaba at 18,490 ft is the highest mountain in Mexico and the third highest in North America also known as Citlalcotepetl (Mountain of the Star). These mountains while never technical are interesting and offer straight forward glacier climbing at moderately high altitudes. After climbing Mount Rainer, Mount Baker or other Northwest peaks the Mexico Volcanoes are a great next step for those seeking to expand their international mountaineering experience or planning future expeditions to peaks like Elbrus and Aconcagua. Orizaba and Iztaccihuatl Climb • 9 days Our Orizaba and Iztaccihuatl climb allows more time for acclimatization as well as enjoying the chance to discover and learn about Mexico’s rich history and cultural sites with a tour guide. While in Mexico City we stay in the popular Zona Rosa district near the Plaza de la Reforma. We visit the pyramids of Teotihuacan (a famous pre-Aztec archaeological site) and tour the Museum of Anthropology known as one of the world’s best museums. We climb Iztaccihuatl the “Sleeping Lady” also referred to as “Ixta” via the less travelled Ayoloco Glacier route, North America’s seventh highest mountain at 17,158 ft and third highest in Mexico. From the summit of Ixta you will experience an incredible close up view of the highly active Popocatepetl volcano, also known as “Popo”, Mexico’s second highest peak which is restricted from climbing. During our rest day, we enjoy another cultural tour of the beautiful and historic city of Puebla and nearby colorful Cholula town. Our expedition then heads to the village of Tlachichuca near the base of Orizaba where we plan our ascent. We now travel by jeep up the mountain’s western flank through pine forest to the Piedra Grande Hut. After waking early, our guide leads the group by headlamp to the toe of the Jamapa Glacier at 5000 meters. We rope up and ascend 35-degree slopes to Orizaba’s final summit crater.  View slideshow from our Mexico Volcanoes Expedition You now have the option of departing for home or spending an additional day sightseeing Mexico City. Shop at a local artisan’s market, visit the historic downtown area and its Metropolitan Cathedral and enjoy an evening at one of Mexico City’s fine restaurants. Orizaba Express Climb • 7 days During our Orizaba express climb we first acclimatize on La Malinche which stands at 4,448 meters or 14,646 feet high and is located near the colonial city of Tlaxcala. La Malinche’s position offers amazing views of Iztaccihuatl, Popocatépetl and Pico de Orizaba. After some sightseeing in Tlaxcala, we head to Orizaba sometimes known as Citlaltépetl and continue our acclimation and ascent of North America’s third highest peak. From Tlachichuca we travel by 4×4 jeep up the mountain to the Piedra Grande Hut. Our express climb often uses a high camp at 4500 meters to shorten summit day. You also have the option of an additional sightseeing day in Mexico City following the climb. Orizaba and Iztaccihuatl Itinerary Day 1 • Arrive Mexico City Day 2 • Mexico City Day 3 • Base Camp • Iztaccihuatl • 12,000 ft Day 4 • High Camp • Iztaccihuatl • 15,000 ft Day 5 • Summit Day • Iztaccihuatl • 17,158 ft Day 6 • Puebla Day 7 • Base Camp • Orizaba • 13,800 ft Day 8 • Summit Day • Orizaba • 18,490 ft Day 9 • Mexico City • Depart Day 10 • Optional Departure Day 1 • Arrive Mexico City Day 2 • Base Camp • Malinche • 10,000 ft Day 3 • Summit Day • La Malinche • 14,646 ft Day 4 • Tlaxcala • Orizaba • 13,800 ft Day 5 • High Camp • Orizaba • 15,000 ft Day 6 • Summit Day • Orizaba • 18,490 ft Day 7 • Mexico City • Depart Day 8 • Optional Departure Flight Schedule: USA – Mexico City (MEX) Expedition begins and ends in Mexico City, Mexico Orizaba and Iztaccihuatl Climb • 10 days Day 1 • Arrive Mexico City Transfer airport to hotel. We stay in the popular Zona Rosa district near


MIXING LIGHTS AND PAINTS MIXING LIGHTS AND PAINTS Light comes in the colors of the spectrum (like the colors in a rainbow). White light from the sun or an incandescent lamp (one that creates light from intense heat) contains all colors of the spectrum. A prism or a water drop breaks up a beam of white light into the spectrum. Paint can produce other colors as well, like brown, that do not exist in the spectrum. (This effect appears to depend on having color on a surface.) Mixing light adds up the lights: If you take two colored lights and mix them, the sum is lighter (more light) and the color is at least slightly less saturated (paler and closer to colorless or white light). For example, Red and Yellow add up to an Orange that has more light and is less saturated (more pastel) than the lights that went into it. Carefully chosen Yellow and Blue lights added together produce a neutral (colorless) light containing more light energy than the Yellow and Blue lights. Paint produces color from white light shining on it by absorbing (subtracting) many wavelengths (� colors) in the white light and reflecting only a few. The reflected light reaches your eye; the absorbed light is lost. Green paint looks green under white light, because its pigments (colorings) reflect more of the green part of white light and absorb more of the other parts of white light. Blue paint looks blue under white light, because its pigments reflect more of the blue part of white light and absorb more of the other parts of white light. Because paint produces color by subtracting (absorbing) light from white light, each paint in a mixture subtracts some the light that the other paint normally reflects. Therefore, a mixture of paints reflects mostly those wavelengths that both paints in the mixture partially reflects. The total reflection from a paint mixture provides less light to the eye than does either paint alone. For example, mixing green and blue paints produces a blue-green that reflects less light than either of the paints alone. Mixing yellow and blue paint produces a green, because the paints together subtract less from the green part of white light than from any other part. Photopigments Light can be described in three ways. Each way is useful for different purposes. For the purpose of understanding how light is focused, it is often useful to describe light as rays traveling in straight lines. Light can also be described as waves, in which wavelength is related to color. Finally light can be described as made up of packets of energy called photons, whose energy is related to color. For understanding photopigments, the photon description is most useful. At least one photon of light must be absorbed in the rods and cones to generate neural signals that the brain can read. This process of transduction depends on specific chemicals called photopigments: the single rod photopigment is called rhodopsin; the three cone photopigments are called iodopsins. Each is made of a large protein molecule that has attached to it a molecule of retinene, a chemical derived from Vitamin A. The protein molecules differ among the four photopigments (3 cone & 1 rod) to make the four absorb best photons of different energies (colors). The iodopsin in the "Red" cone absorbs best (photons that have energies equivalent to) 560 nm. The iodopsin in the "Green" cone absorbs best (photons that have energies equivalent to) 530 nm. The iodopsin in the "Blue" cone absorbs best (photons that have energies equivalent to) 420 nm. Photons with (energies equivalent to) other wavelengths are less and less likely to be absorbed the further they are from the best energy (wavelength). When a photon is absorbed, it tears apart the photopigment molecule that absorbs it, releasing energy in the process. This energy through a series of steps ends up triggering a neural response in the cone. This is an example of transduction: light energy triggers neural signals. The neural response produced by breakup of photopigment molecules activates synaptic connections to bip


The character Shylock appears in which Shakespeare play?

Introduction to Shakespeare's Shylock from The Merchant of Venice   Shakespeare's Characters: Shylock (The Merchant of Venice) From The Works of William Shakespeare. Vol. 8. Ed. Evangeline Maria O'Connor. J.D. Morris and Co. Please see the bottom of the page for additional resources. The central figure of [The Merchant of Venice], in the eyes of modern readers and spectators, is of course Shylock , though there can be no doubt that he appeared to Shakespeare's contemporaries a comic personage, and, since he makes his final exit before the last act, by no means the protagonist. In the humaner view of a later age, Shylock appears as a half-pathetic creation, a scapegoat, a victim; to the Elizabethan public, with his rapacity and his miserliness, his usury, and his eagerness to dig for another the pit into which he himself falls, he seemed, not terrible, but ludicrous. They did not even take him seriously enough to feel any real uneasiness as to Antonio's fate, since they all knew beforehand the issue of the adventure. They laughed when he went to Bassanio's feast "in hate, to feed upon the prodigal Christian"; they laughed when, in the scene with Tubal, he suffered himself to be bandied about between exultation over Antonio's misfortunes and rage over the prodigality of his runaway daughter; and they found him odious when he exclaimed, "I would my daughter were dead at my foot and the jewels in her ear!" He was, simply as a Jew, a despised creature; he belonged to the race which had crucified God himself; and he was doubly despised as an extortionate usurer. For the rest, the English public � like the Norwegian public so lately as the first half of this century � had no acquaintance with Jews except in books and on the stage. From 1290 until the middle of the seventeenth century the Jews were entirely excluded from England, livery prejudice against them was free to flourish unchecked. Did Shakespeare in a certain measure share these religious prejudices, as he seems to have shared the patriotic prejudices against the Maid of Orleans, if, indeed, he is responsible for the part she plays in Henry VI? We may be sure that he was very slightly affected by them, if at all. Had he made a more undisguised effort to place himself at Shylock's standpoint, the censorship, on the one hand, would have intervened, while, on the other hand, the public would have been bewildered and alienated. It is quite in the spirit of the age that Shylock should suffer the punishment which befalls him. To pay him out for his stiff-necked vengefulness, he is mulcted not only of the sum he lent Antonio, but of half his fortune, and is finally, like Marlowe's Jew of Malta, compelled to change his religion. The latter detail gives something of a shock to the modern reader. But the respect for personal conviction, when it conflicted with orthodoxy, did not exist in Shakespeare's time....It is strange to reflect, too, that just at the time when, on the English stage, one Mediterranean Jew was poisoning his daughter, and another whetting his knife to cut his debtor's flesh, thousands of heroic and enthusiastic Hebrews in Spain and Portugal, who, after the expulsion of the 300,000 at the beginning of the century, had secretly remained faithful to Judaism, were suffering themselves to be tortured, flayed, and burnt alive by the Inquisition, rather than forswear the religion of their race. But what is most surprising, doubtless, is the instinct of genius with which Shakespeare has seized upon and reproduced racial characteristics, and emphasized what is peculiarly Jewish in Shylock's culture. While Marlowe, according to his custom, made his Barabas revel in mythological similes, Shakespeare indicates that Shylock's culture is founded entirely upon the Old Testament, and makes commerce his only point of contact with the civilisation of later times. All his parallels are drawn from the Patriarchs and the Prophets. With what unction he speaks when he justifies himself by the example of Jacob! His own race is always "our sacred nati


Who released an album in 1999 called Brand New Day?

Brand New Day - Sting — Listen and discover music at Last.fm Brand New Day british Brand New Day is Sting's sixth solo album. A Grammy Award winner, it peaked at number nine on the Billboard 200 and sold over 3,000,000 copies. The song "Desert Rose" prominently features popular Algerian Raï singer Cheb Mami. Originally, Sting's usual producer Hugh Padgham was to produce the record, but Sting was happy with the work done by Kipper, and Padgham was never called. Many sounds from Spectrasonics can be heard in Kipper's work on the record.


If a creature is edentulous what has it not got?

Edentulous synonyms, edentulous antonyms - FreeThesaurus.com Edentulous synonyms, edentulous antonyms - FreeThesaurus.com http://www.freethesaurus.com/edentulous Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: Write what you mean clearly and correctly. References in periodicals archive ? A long-term follow-up study of osseointegrated implants in the treatment of totally edentulous jaws, Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 5(4): 347-359. Vibrotactile evaluation: osseointegrated versus socket-suspended transfemoral prostheses Then, the assistant takes a bite registration by placing VPS on the abutment teeth and the edentulous ridge segments between them and having the patient occlude using the one unprepared tooth. Polyvinyl siloxanes in dentistry: an overview Studies of patients under the age of 18 years, a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia at the start of the study, extubated patients, edentulous patients and patients with a known allergy and hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine were excluded. Occlusion traumatic and Iatrogenic factors Other subject covered include decision making following extraction of multi-rooted maxillary teeth, decision making in the treatment of furcated mandibular molars, alveolar bone preservation following tooth extraction in the esthetic zone, immediate implant placement in single tooth sites, and rehabilitation of the edentulous maxillary jaw using dental implant therapy. Implant and regenerative therapy in dentistry; a guide to decision making There are also no paediatric data on the effects of oral hygiene on VAP, but it seems advisable to follow the recommendations of wiping gums with gauze in the absence of dentition, (49) as some commensals are able to adhere to epithelial surfaces in edentulous infants.


What were the eldest sons of the Kings of France called?

Dauphin - definition of dauphin by The Free Dictionary Dauphin - definition of dauphin by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dauphin Also found in: Thesaurus , Encyclopedia , Wikipedia . dau·phin 1. The eldest son of the king of France from 1349 to 1830. 2. Used as a title for such a nobleman. [Middle English, from Old French, title of the lords of Dauphiné, from Dalphin, Dalfin, a surname, from dalfin, dolphin (from the device on the family's coat of arms); see dolphin.] dauphin (ˈdɔːfɪn; dɔːˈfɪn; French dofɛ̃) n (Historical Terms) (1349–1830) the title of the direct heir to the French throne; the eldest son of the king of France [C15: from Old French: originally a family name; adopted as a title by the Counts of Vienne and later by the French crown princes] dau•phin (ˈdɔ fɪn, doʊˈfɛ̃) n. the eldest son of a king of France, used as a title from 1349 to 1830. [1475–85; < French; Middle French dalphin] ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend: Noun 1. dauphin - formerly, the eldest son of the King of France and direct heir to the throne prince - a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign) Translations


Cancer - Zodiac Signs | Astrology.com.au Cancer Welcome to Astrology.com.au Astrology.com.au is all about Astrology, Horoscopes, Love, Romance, Compatibility and Live Psychics As one of the world's premiere astrology sites, astrology.com.au provides a variety of astrological, psychic, spiritual and new-age information to an ever-growing global audience. Astrology.com.au specialises in relationships, love, horoscopes, zodiac and astrology compatibility and features a variety of complimentary reports, readings and daily horoscopes for your enjoyment and wisdom. Chinese astrology and zodiac compatibility are also included in our range of offerings. Some of our specialties include a large number of free horoscopes and psychic readings. Our website is deeply committed to the highest quality service we can afford our visitors. We are in fact so committed that if you are not at all satisfied with any of our products or services we are happy to offer a full refund. Our reporting and personal consulting services are also based upon empowering our visitors and helping them understand themselves as well as their relationships. Although we pride ourselves on our astrological expertise and intuitive insights, these things are of no use unless we can help you translate those findings, readings, and intuitions into some form of practical self-empowerment. Our website is dedicated to this single goal. Our daily, monthly and yearly readings are of course general in nature but as a means of introducing our audience to astrology, we believe this initial teaser will stimulate a greater interest to find out more and in-depth information based upon accurately prepared horoscopes which rely on one's time, place and date of birth. If you have any questions at all please feel free to contact us at dadhichi@astrology.com.au We hope you enjoy your stay here. May the Stars shine down their blessings, good fortune and happiness on you! Regards, The Zodiac Sign Cancer The Astrology of Personality To be born under the sign of Cancer truly is a karmic blessing. As well as relating to your sensitive emotional nature, it represents a development spiritually as the water signs are strongly linked to the higher evolutionary processes within us. Simply put, Cancer, you’re basically a selfless, caring and loving person who likes to demonstrate their love for others. You’re also very intuitive and often exhibit an uncanny ability to go to the heart of things without any intellectual claptrap. Another great quality of yours is adaptability. Like water you can move and change to fit the circumstances and to accommodate the people you deal with. Although you have a very strong mind when it comes to your own desires and needs, you’re still able to compromise when you feel it supports the group as a whole. Being a water sign you have a cooling yet invigorating aspect to your personality. In tough times people have a tendency to be drawn to your selflessness and nurturing traits as they know your open ear and warm heart will help them through their difficult times. The fourth sign of the zodiac, under which you were destined to be born, relates to the domestic sphere of life and therefore you love to be part of a family network. It is here that you really excel and do your best. The Cancer home is very comfortable and even strangers usually feel quite at ease when invited to dinner to spend time in your company. Many Cancers extend this caring, nurturing vibe to their professional activities as well. It comes so easily to you that it’s no wonder you’re able to work in healing and consoling professions. Your key life phrase ‘I nurture’ demonstrates this fact. When you read the segment on the best professions suited to you, you’ll see what I mean. Your star sign is very sensitive and you tune in to other people’s vibrations, moods and thinking processes effortlessly so you are able to understand others instinctively. Your perception about their character is usually spot on. There is a down side to this, however, as you also tend to absorb the negative emotions of oth


Walter "Radar" O’Reilly | Monster M*A*S*H | Fandom powered by Wikia Edit The novel establishes that Radar was from Ottumwa, Iowa, and dreamed of joining the army right after high school. He was endowed with apparent extra-sensory perception, appearing at his commander’s side before being called and finishing his sentences. He also had super-human hearing, able to hear incoming helicopters before anyone else. It was these abilities that earned him the nickname "Radar". His father, who had been 63 when Radar was born, was deceased. Radar's mother Edna lived on the family farm and his Uncle Ed helped out on the farm and served as his father figure. According to the beginning of the novel, Radar joined the Army in hopes of becoming successful in the Signal Corps, but was assigned to be an orderly in a Mobile Army Surgical Hospital (MASH) instead. Changes Edit On television, Radar's character started off as worldly and sneaky, a clerk who carried with him at all times a pocketful of passes for any potential scam that might arise. He also sold tickets to the male members of MASH so they could take turns sneaking looks through a peephole in the nurses' showers and also used his camera to sneak pictures of the nurses showering. He also won over $800 in poker playing with members of MASH and dismantled a jeep and smuggled it home piece by piece. He once conned the entire company of MASH 4077 into buying a pair of wing-tip shoes-although he was once conned himself into spending over $50.00 for a improved writing course by mail-which nearly drove Col. Potter crazy trying to read the daily reports. He was known for his tremendous appetite for heaping portions of meat. He was also not averse to drinking Col. Blake's brandy and smoking his cigars when the colonel was off-duty. This character was apparently not wholly to the writers' liking and he later became a naive and trusting farm boy, a vegetarian, and cigars and strong liquor made him ill or dizzy. His favorite beverage was a grape Nehi (non-alcoholic). Relationship with senior MASH staff Edit Radar was often portrayed as a friendly but very naive young man from the Midwest. As a symbol of how young this man was when he got to Korea, he slept with a teddy bear. He related well to children and sometimes spent time with the Korean orphans in the area. Radar had a rough start as clerk at the 4077th, where it seemed he couldn't do anything right. The unit's commander, Lt. Col. Henry Blake, took him under his wing. Eventually, the young man became an excellent clerk, often balancing out Lt. Col. Blake's occasional silliness, with the near-magical abilities to get whatever the unit needed. Throughout much of the series he was more or less the glue that held the 4077th together, keeping the unit running like a well oiled machine. Blake and Radar grew very close, and it was Radar who tearfully announced Blake's death over the Sea of Japan. While Radar needed some time to adjust to the new Col. Potter, he eventually became very close to Potter as well. Radar was very fond of animals and raised several during  his duty at M*A*S*H. For Col. Potter's anniversary, Radar gave him a horse that he, Hawkeye and B.J. rescued. Col Potter refers to the horse as a male during this episode. Throughout the rest of the series, the horse is referred to by name, Sophie, a mare. Radar idolized Hawkeye Pierce, but the two had a falling out after Radar was injured during a trip to Seoul, after Hawkeye convinced him to go there to lose his virginity. Overwhelmed by shock and guilt, Hawkeye spent a night binge drinking, then had to leave the O.R. the next day to throw up (which he'd never had to do before). When Radar questioned Hawkeye about this, Hawkeye blew up: "To hell with your Iowa naïveté... and while we're at it, the hell with you! Why don't you grow up... you ninny?!". When Hawkeye returned to apologize, Radar's response was, much to the horror of the nurses, "Oh yeah? Well you can forget it. Just forget it! To hell with me, huh? To hell with you! How do you like that?!" and then threatened to pun


Excluding Australia and continental land masses what is the largest island in the world?

continents - Vocabulary List : Vocabulary.com continents August 9, 2011 By Jean F. Rate this list: landmass a large continuous extent of land Many of the seven most commonly recognized continents identified by convention are not discrete landmasses separated by water. a large continuous extent of land [edit] Definitions and application Dymaxion maps shows land masses with minimal distortion Conventionally, "continents are understood to be large, continuous, discrete masses of land, ideally separated by expanses of water."[3] one of the large landmasses of the earth [edit] Definitions and application Dymaxion maps shows land masses with minimal distortion Conventionally, " continents are understood to be large, continuous, discrete masses of land, ideally separated by expanses of water."[3] Oceania a large group of islands in the south Pacific including Melanesia and Micronesia and Polynesia (and sometimes Australasia and the Malay Archipelago) Extrapolating the concept to its extreme, some geographers group the Australasian continental plate with other islands in the pacific into one continent called Oceania. New Guinea a Pacific island to the north of Australia In this sense the term continental Europe is used to refer to mainland Europe, excluding islands such as Great Britain, Ireland, and Iceland, and the term continent of Australia may refer to the mainland of Australia, excluding Tasmania and New Guinea< Tasmania an island off the southeastern coast of Australia In this sense the term continental Europe is used to refer to mainland Europe, excluding islands such as Great Britain, Ireland, and Iceland, and the term continent of Australia may refer to the mainland of Australia, excluding Tasmania and New Guinea. Guinea a republic in western Africa on the Atlantic In this sense the term continental Europe is used to refer to mainland Europe, excluding islands such as Great Britain, Ireland, and Iceland, and the term continent of Australia may refer to the mainland of Australia, excluding Tasmania and New Guinea. mainland the main land mass of a country or continent The Earth's major landmasses are washed upon by a single, continuous world ocean, which is divided into a number of principal oceanic components by the continents and various geographic criteria.[4][5] [edit] Extent of continents The narrowest meaning of continent is that of a continuous[6] area of land or mainland, with the coastline and any land boundaries forming the edge of the continent. Iceland a volcanic island in the North Atlantic near the Arctic Circle In this sense the term continental Europe is used to refer to mainland Europe, excluding islands such as Great Britain, Ireland, and Iceland, and the term continent of Australia may refer to the mainland of Australia, excluding Tasmania and New Guinea. Pacific Ocean the largest ocean in the world Similarly, the continental United States refers to the 48 contiguous states in central North America and may include Alaska in the northwest of the continent (the two being separated by Canada), while excluding Hawaii in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. a republic on the island of Madagascar In this way, Iceland is considered part of Europe and Madagascar part of Africa. Australia the smallest continent The criterion "large" leads to arbitrary classification: Greenland, with a surface area of 2,166,086 square kilometres (836,330 sq mi) is considered the world's largest island, while Australia, at 7,617,930 square kilometres (2,941,300 sq mi) is deemed to be a continent. Greenland the largest island in the world The criterion "large" leads to arbitrary classification: Greenland, with a surface area of 2,166,086 square kilometres (836,330 sq mi) is considered the world's largest island, while Australia, at 7,617,930 square kilometres (2,941,300 sq mi) is deemed to be a continent. island a land mass that is surrounded by water The criterion "large" leads to arbitrary classification: Greenland, with a surface area of 2,166,086 square kilometres (836,330 sq mi) is considered the world's largest island, while Aus


Who was the founder of the Body Shop company?

Welcome to AnitaRoddick.com by Anita Roddick, founder of The Body Shop. Founder of The          Body Shop I was born in Littlehampton in 1942. As the child of an Italian immigrant couple in an English seaside town, I was a natural outsider, and I was drawn to other outsiders and rebels. James Dean was my schoolgirl idol. I also had a strong sense of moral outrage, which was awakened when I found a book about the Holocaust at the age of ten. I trained as a teacher but an educational opportunity on a kibbutz in Israel eventually turned into an extended working trip around the world. Soon after I got back to England, my mother introduced me to a young Scotsman named Gordon Roddick. Our bond was instant. Together we opened first a restaurant, and then a hotel in Littlehampton. We married in 1970, me with a baby on my back and another in my belly. I started The Body Shop in 1976 simply to create a livelihood for myself and my two daughters, while my husband, Gordon, was trekking across the Americas. I had no training or experience and my only business acumen was Gordonï¿½s advice to take sales of ï¿½300 a week. Nobody talks of entrepreneurship as survival, but that's exactly what it is and what nurtures creative thinking. Running that first shop taught me business is not financial science, itï¿½s about trading: buying and selling. Itï¿½s about creating a product or service so good that people will pay for it. Now 30 years on The Body Shop is a multi local business with over 2.045 stores serving over 77 million customers in 51 different markets in 25 different languages and across 12 time zones. And I havenï¿½t a clue how we got here! It wasnï¿½t only economic necessity that inspired the birth of The Body Shop. My early travels had given me a wealth of experience. I had spent time in farming and fishing communities with pre-industrial peoples, and been exposed to body rituals of women from all over the world. Also the frugality that my mother exercised during the war years made me question retail conventions. Why waste a container when you can refill it? And why buy more of something than you can use? We behaved as she did in the Second World War, we reused everything, we refilled everything and we recycled all we could. The foundation of The Body Shop's environmental activism was born out of ideas like these I am aware that success is more than a good idea. It is timing too. The Body Shop arrived just as Europe was going 'greenï¿½. The Body Shop has always been recognisable by its green colour, the only colour that we could find to cover the damp, mouldy walls of my first shop. I opened a second shop within six months, by which time Gordon was back in England. He came up with the idea for 'self-financing' more new stores, which sparked the growth of the franchise network through which The Body Shop spread across the world. The company went public in 1984. Since then, I have been given a whole host of awards, some I understand, some I donï¿½t and a couple I think I deserve. Businesses have the power to do good. Thatï¿½s why The Body Shopï¿½s Mission Statement opens with the overriding commitment, ï¿½To dedicate our business to the pursuit of social and environmental change.ï¿½ We use our stores and our products to help communicate human rights and environmental issues. In 1993 I met a delegation of Ogoni people from Nigeria. They were seeking justice and reparations against the giant oil multinational Shell that was ravaging their lands through oil exploration and production. Working with other NGOs, we turned their campaign into an international cause celebre. Tragically, the Ogoniï¿½s key spokesperson, Ken Saro-Wiwa and 8 other Ogoni, were executed in 1995 by the Nigerian Government. But our campaign continued and eventually 19 other imprisoned Ogoni were released. In 1997, after 4 years of unrelenting pressure, Shell issued a revised operating charter committing the company to human rights and sustainable development. A year later, they launched their ï¿½Profits and Principlesï¿½ advertising campaign declarin


In which year (or decade) were parking meters introduced in the UK?

The parking meter clocks up 50 years | London Evening Standard The parking meter clocks up 50 years David Williams , Motoring Editor Tuesday 10 June 2008 12:07 BST It's not an anniversary drivers are expected to celebrate, but the parking meter is 50 years old today. The first meter in Britain went up in Grosvenor Square, near the US Embassy in Westminster, on 10 June 1958. Then, parking for one hour cost six shillings, compared with £4 in the same location today. Fines too were less punitive then. Those who overstayed or neglected to pay at all received a £2 penalty. Today, central London fines are £120, reduced to £60 for prompt payment. A year ago, Westminster announced that parking meters were to disappear from central London altogether. The borough's 3,700 meters are being replaced by a pay-by-phone system and some pay and display machines. Motorists register to set up an account and pay for parking by sending a mobile phone text message quoting their registration number and bay number. The cost is then debited from their account. The parking meter was invented by American Carlton C Magee in Oklahoma in 1935. The first models were clockwork and needed winding up with a large key. Self-winding meters were introduced in the Seventies but by 1990 they were seen as unreliable and were replaced with electronic ones. Many are now solar-powered. More about:


Bram Stoker: 10 facts about Dracula author Bram Stoker: 10 facts about Dracula author Bram Stoker, the author of Dracula, died on April 20 1912 at the age of 64 Martin Chilton , Culture Editor 18 September 2015 • 11:14am Bram Stoker's vampire novel Dracula, which paved the way for vampire lore in popular culture, was published today in 1897. Here are 10 facts about the former Daily Telegraph journalist. Bram Stoker wrote 12 novels, including Dracula and The Jewel of Seven Stars, and also published collections of short stories. Dracula was originally titled The Undead. As Dracula says: “My revenge is just begun! I spread it over centuries, and time is on my side.” To date, more than 1000 novels and 200 films have been made about the vampire Dracula. Stoker, who had been an occasional freelance contributor to The Daily Telegraph in the 1890s, began working regularly for the paper as part of the literary staff from 1905 until 1910, during which time he also wrote theatre reviews for the paper. During this period, he was also working on The Lair of the White Worm. Born in Dublin on 8 November 1847, Stoker had an ancient, colourful lineage on his mother's side – including the legendary sheriff of Galway, who hanged his own son. It was material the writer mined in his fiction. A key inspiration for Dracula was always said to have been Vlad the Impaler, the 15th-century Transylvanian-born prince also known as Vlad III Dracula of Wallachia. However, historian Fiona Fitzsimons says: “Stoker did not use overtly Irish references in Dracula, but his main theme is taken from Irish history – the history, we now learn, of his own family – recast in the writer’s imagination. Manus the Magnificent (Manus O’Donnell,who once ruled much of Ireland) was Stoker’s direct ancestor and was an influence on the book."


What are baby seals called? | Reference.com What are baby seals called? A: Quick Answer Newborn and baby seals are commonly referred to as pups until they are 5 years old. After the five-year mark, young seals are called yearlings. Full Answer A female seal is usually pregnant with their young for 11 months to a year. Following this period, the mother gives birth to the pup on land during the spring or summer, when there are warmer temperatures and an abundance of food. Seal pups can usually swim within just a few hours of being born. Some seals, such as the harp seal, live for about 20 years, whereas other species of seal, including the leopard seal, have been known to live until they are 26 or longer.


What is the Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain more popularly known as?

SHAFTESBURY MEMORIAL FOUNTAIN, EROS - 1265625| Historic England SHAFTESBURY MEMORIAL FOUNTAIN, EROS List Entry Summary This building is listed under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 as amended for its special architectural or historic interest. Name: SHAFTESBURY MEMORIAL FOUNTAIN, EROS List entry Number: 1265625 SHAFTESBURY MEMORIAL FOUNTAIN, EROS, PICCADILLY CIRCUS W1 The building may lie within the boundary of more than one authority. County: Greater London Authority National Park: Not applicable to this List entry. Grade: I Date of most recent amendment: Not applicable to this List entry. Legacy System Information The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system. Legacy System: LBS UID: 424375 Asset Groupings This list entry does not comprise part of an Asset Grouping. Asset Groupings are not part of the official record but are added later for information. List entry Description Legacy Record - This information may be included in the List Entry Details. Reasons for Designation Legacy Record - This information may be included in the List Entry Details. History Legacy Record - This information may be included in the List Entry Details. Details TQ 2980 NE       CITY OF WESTMINSTER     PICCADILLY CIRCUS, Wl 71/73                           Shaftesbury Memorial                           Fountain "Eros" 24.2.58 GV I Memorial Fountain.  1892-93 by Alfred Gilbert commemorating the philanthropist Lord Shaftesbury. Bronze octagonal fountain on stepped platform surmounted by winged archer in aluminium representing the Angel of Christian Charity but always popularly identified as Eros. The sculpture of the fountain itself is of remark- able naturalistic proto-Art Nouveau invention, hence Pevsner's quotation "fishes of all kinds, and every class of molluscous and crustacean life, the crab, the lobster and such like". Survey of London; Vol XIX. London Volume 1 N Pevsner Listing NGR: TQ2955780644 Selected Sources Books and journals Pevsner, N, Cherry, B, The Buildings of England: London I - The Cities of London and Westminster, (1973) 'Survey of London' in Old St Pancras and Kentish Town The Parish of St Pancras Part 2: Volume 19 , , Vol. 19, (1938) National Grid Reference: TQ 29557 80644 Map © Crown Copyright and database right 2016. All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100024900. © British Crown and SeaZone Solutions Limited 2016. All rights reserved. Licence number 102006.006. Use of this data is subject to Terms and Conditions . The above map is for quick reference purposes only and may not be to scale. For a copy of the full scale map, please see the attached PDF - 1265625 .pdf The PDF will be generated from our live systems and may take a few minutes to download depending on how busy our servers are. We apologise for this delay. This copy shows the entry on 31-Dec-2016 at 02:49:29. End of official listing


What is the name of Don Quixote's horse?

Don Quixote Summary don Quixote Museum Don Quixote Summary Read the Don Quixote Summary in order to briefly understand the main features of the Miguel Cervantes’ masterpiece. Read the Spanish version In answer to the question about which novel is the most important of a certain language, any Spanish speaker would likely respond Don Quixote of La Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes . However, if you ask him or her if they have fully read the book, well, not everyone would say yes. The following is a summary of Cervantes 'masterpiece; we hope you will be inspired to read it. Alonso Quijano is a Hidalgo, a low ranking Spanish person of nobility. He is about 50 years old and he lives in a settlement near the La Mancha region in Spain towards the beginning of the 17th century. He loves reading stories about knights and fantastic stories about chivalry, princesses, magicians, enchanted castles… In fact, he is so involved with these fantasies that he slowly starts to lose touch with reality and begins to believe that he is one of these fiction heroes. Alonso finds some old armor and prepares an old horse from the stable which he names Rocinante. The knight decides he needs to have a maiden, so, in his imagination he converts a young villager named Aldonza Lorenzo, who he was once in love with, into the lovely Lady Dulcinea del Toboso. As for himself, he bestows the name Don Quixote because it rhymes with the name of the famous knight “Lanzarote”, also known as Lancelot. So, the new knight sets off on an adventure with a ridiculous new costume and the hope of committing heroic deeds. However, it will not take long for misunderstandings to occur between the real world and the fantasy world of Don Quixote. In one scene, Don Quixote arrives to an inn, which he believes to be a castle, and demands that the innkeeper dub him the noble title of “knight”. Later, he comes upon a young shepard whose master has tied to a tree and frees. Next, Don Quixote is insulted by some merchants who he promptly attacks. The merchants give Don Quixote a brutal beating and leave him on the side of the road where he is found by a peasant and delivered home. Don Quixote convinces his neighbor, Sancho Panza, to be his squire by promising him riches, fame and the governorship of an island. Sancho, unlike Don Quixote, is a practical albeit ignorant man. Little by little he is seduced by the wild dreams of his new master. Together, they sneak away in the early dawn and their famous adventures begin. The duo quickly come upon large windmills which Don Quixote believes to be ferocious giants and thus attacks. The pair continues on to live many other exciting adventures when Don Quixote attacks a flock of sheep believing it to be an army, when his horse Rocinante pursues some mares, when he has a sword duel with a Biscayan, frees some inmates that then attack him, finds a barber basin which he believes to be a magical helmet and many other comical situations that occur in an inn. Later, the outrageous knight decides to move to a mountain top in order to show his penance and earn the love of his imaginary maiden. His two best friends, a priest and a barber, are forced to trick him into a cage in order to bring him back to his settlement. Throughout their adventures, Sancho Panza and Don Quixote will encounter a wide range of diverse characters including innkeepers, pirate prisoners, prostitutes, goatherds, soldiers, priests, escaped convicts and scorned lovers. In the course of their travels, the protagonists meet innkeepers, prostitutes, goatherds, soldiers, priests, escaped convicts and scorned lovers. In the second part of the famous Don Quixote of La Mancha novel, published 10 years later, Don Quixote departs on another adventure with Sancho. This part of the novel is more critically acclaimed by critics because the protagonist, treated with more respect by the author, is successful in some of his endeavors and becomes a more reflexive and self conscious character. Sancho, on the other hand, becomes more of a dreamer. The second part of Don Quixote of La Mancha is


During which war was the Battle of Marne?

First Battle of the Marne begins - Sep 06, 1914 - HISTORY.com First Battle of the Marne begins Share this: First Battle of the Marne begins Author First Battle of the Marne begins URL Publisher A+E Networks On September 6, 1914, some 30 miles northeast of Paris, the French 6th Army under the command of General Michel-Joseph Manoury attacks the right flank of the German 1st Army, beginning the decisive First Battle of the Marne at the end of the first month of World War I. After invading neutral Belgium and advancing into northeastern France by the end of August 1914, German forces were nearing Paris, spurred on by punishing victories that forced five French armies into retreat after the Battles of the Frontiers at Lorraine, Ardennes, Charleroi and Mons. In anticipation of the German attack, the anxious French government appointed the 65-year-old General Joseph-Simon Gallieni as the military governor of Paris. Gallieni, predicting that the Germans would reach Paris by September 5, did not wish to sit idly back and wait for invasion. In the first days of September, he managed to convince the French commander in chief, Joseph Joffre, to spare him an army—Manoury’s 6th Army—from the front in order to aggressively defend the capital. At the same time, General Alexander von Kluck, at the head of the German 1st Army, was disobeying orders from its own headquarters to double back and support General Karl von Bulow’s 2nd Army, thus protecting itself from possible attacks from the French on its right flank, from the direction of Paris. Not wanting to subordinate himself to Bulow’s command, Kluck ordered his forces to proceed in their pursuit of the retreating French 5th Army, under General Charles Lanrezac, across the Marne River, which they crossed on September 3. When Gallieni learned of Kluck’s move that morning, he knew the French 6th Army—the new army of Paris—had been given its opportunity to attack the German flank. Without hesitation, he began to coordinate the attack, urging Joffre to support it by resuming the general French offensive earlier than army headquarters had planned. On September 4, Helmuth von Moltke, chief of the German general staff, learned that Kluck had disobeyed orders, and that his troops—exhausted and depleted of resources, having outrun their lines of supply over the course of their rapid advance—had crossed the Marne. Fearing the attack from Paris on the 1st Army’s exposed flank, Moltke ordered that the march of the 1st and 2nd Armies towards Paris be halted in order to face any threat from that direction. The order came too late, however, as Gallieni had already readied his army for an attack, and Joffre—with help from the British minister of war, Lord H. H. Kitchener—had obtained the promised support of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF), commanded by Sir John French, for the French 5th and 6th Armies in their renewed offensive against German forces at the Marne. On the morning of September 6, the 150,000 soldiers of Manoury’s 6th Army attacked the right flank of the German 1st Army, whose turn to meet the attack opened a 30-mile-gap between Kluck’s forces and Bulow’s 2nd Army. Acting quickly, the French 5th Army—under a new leader, General Louis Franchet d’Esperey, appointed by Joffre to replace Lanrezac—and divisions of the BEF poured into the gap and simultaneously attacked the German 2nd Army. Fierce fighting continued over the next several days, with Manoury’s exhausted army managing to hold its ground only after being reinforced on September 7 by a corps of 6,000 rushed from Paris in taxi cabs. After Franchet d’Esperey’s 5th Army launched a successful surprise attack on the German 2nd Army, Moltke ordered a general German retreat on September 9. Over the next few days, Allies slowly pushed the Germans back towards the Aisne River, where the 1st and 2nd Armies dug in, beginning the entrenchment of positions that would last well into 1918. The Allied check of the German advance during the Battle of the Marne made the struggle one of the most decisive battles in history. Events at the Marne


In the human body what is Varicella commonly known as?

Pinkbook | Varicella | Epidemiology of Vaccine Preventable Diseases | CDC Varicella Zoster Immune Globulin Varicella is an acute infectious disease caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV). The recurrent infection (herpes zoster, also known as shingles) has been recognized since ancient times. Primary varicella infection (chickenpox) was not reliably distinguished from smallpox until the end of the 19th century. In 1875, Steiner demonstrated that chickenpox was caused by an infectious agent by inoculating volunteers with the vesicular fluid from a patient with acute varicella. Clinical observations of the relationship between varicella and herpes zoster were made in 1888 by von Bokay, when children without evidence of varicella immunity acquired varicella after contact with herpes zoster. VZV was isolated from vesicular fluid of both chickenpox and zoster lesions in cell culture by Thomas Weller in 1954. Subsequent laboratory studies of the virus led to the development of a live attenuated varicella vaccine in Japan in the 1970s. The vaccine was licensed for use in the United States in March 1995. The first vaccine to reduce the risk of herpes zoster was licensed in May 2006. Varicella Zoster Virus Replication in nasopharynx and regional lymph nodes Primary viremia 4 to 6 days after infection Multiple tissues, including sensory ganglia, infected during viremia VZV is a DNA virus and is a member of the herpesvirus group. Like other herpesviruses, VZV has the capacity to persist in the body after the primary (first) infection as a latent infection. VZV persists in sensory nerve ganglia. Primary infection with VZV results in chickenpox. Herpes zoster (shingles) is the result of reactivation of latent VZV infection. The virus is believed to have a short survival time in the environment. Pathogenesis VZV enters through the respiratory tract and conjunctiva. The virus is believed to replicate at the site of entry in the nasopharynx and in regional lymph nodes. A primary viremia occurs 4 to 6 days after infection and disseminates the virus to other organs, such as the liver, spleen, and sensory ganglia. Further replication occurs in the viscera, followed by a secondary viremia, with viral infection of the skin. Virus can be cultured from mononuclear cells of an infected person from 5 days before to 1 or 2 days after the appearance of the rash. Clinical Features The incubation period is 14 to 16 days after exposure, with a range of 10 to 21 days. The incubation period may be prolonged in immunocompromised patients and those who have received postexposure treatment with a varicella antibody–containing product.The incubation period is 14 to 16 days after exposure, with a range of 10 to 21 days. The incubation period may be prolonged in immunocompromised patients and those who have received postexposure treatment with a varicella antibody–containing product. Primary Infection (Chickenpox) Incubation period 14 to 16 days (range 10 to 21 days) Mild prodrome for 1 to 2 days (adults) Rash generally appears first on head; most concentrated on trunk Successive crops over several days with lesions present in several stages of development A mild prodrome may precede the onset of a rash. Adults may have 1 to 2 days of fever and malaise prior to rash onset, but in children the rash is often the first sign of disease. In individuals who have not been vaccinated with varicella vaccine, the rash is generalized and pruritic and progresses rapidly from macules to papules to vesicular lesions before crusting. The rash usually appears first on the head, then on the trunk, and then the extremities; the highest concentration of lesions is on the trunk. Lesions also can occur on mucous membranes of the oropharynx, respiratory tract, vagina, conjunctiva, and the cornea. Lesions are usually 1 to 4 mm in diameter. The vesicles are superficial and delicate and contain clear fluid on an erythematous base. Vesicles may rupture or become purulent before they dry and crust. Successive crops appear over several days, with lesions present in several stages of dev


What is the name of the RAF's aerobatics team?

the RAF Aerobatic Team the Red Arrows, history History Since the first aerial pageant at Hendon in 1920,   formation aerobatics have been held in high regard by the Royal Air Force. In the   barnstorming days before the Second World War no air display would be complete without the   sight of two or more biplanes flying in close proximity, often tied together. With the   dawn of the jet age, piston engine aircraft were replaced by the faster and more dramatic   of the new front-line jet fighters. The first RAF jet team was formed   in 1947 and consisted of three Vampires from the Odiham Wing in Hampshire. By 1950 72   Squadron was flying a team of seven Vampires and 54 Squadron, with their five aircraft,   were the first to use smoke. This was achieved by injecting diesel into the jet pipe where   the high temperature turned it to white smoke. Rivalry between the RAF fighter squadrons   was high and it became the trend for each to form its own team. When 54 Squadron   re-equipped with the Hawker Hunter in 1955 they put together a four ship team know as the   Black Knights. In 1956, 111 Squadron (Tremblers or Treble One) became the official RAF   display team with their five gloss black Hunters. After displaying in France they were   applauded as Les Fleches Noires and they soon became know throughout the Continent as the   Black Arrows. Two of those original aircraft   remained in service until 1995, being used for groundcrew training at RAF Scampton. The   RAF sold one to The Royal Jordanian Historic Aircraft Flight and the other to a private   buyer in South Africa. In 1957 The Black Arrows were increased to nine aircraft.  These were supplemented in 1958 by an additional 13 aircraft from other squadrons in order   to perform a 22 aircraft loop and barrel roll at the Farnborough Air Show. This is the   greatest number of  aircraft ever looped in formation and remains a world record to   this day. The Tigers, of 74 Squadron, became   the official RAF display team in 1962 with nine Mach 2 Lightnings. At that time 92 Squadron, with the Blue Diamonds, and 56 Squadron, with The Firebirds, could also be seen   on the display circuit. In 1964 six Jet Provosts of The Central Flying School (CFS) became   the official RAF team, known as The Red Pelicans. The RAF were soon to realize that   training aircraft were a much cheaper option to operate than the Lightning. The Squadrons,   afterall, seemed to be spending more time at airshows and less time flying operational   sorties. The Red Pelicans were not without their rivals and in that same year a five ship   of yellow Gnats, known as The Yellow jacks, were formed at RAF Valley in North Wales by   Flight Lieutenant Lee Jones. The Folland Gnat was the RAFs advanced jet trainer and its   speed and agility made it the perfect machine for formation aerobatics. The following year   Jones formed the official RAF display team with a seven ship of red Gnats and called them   The Red Arrows. Initially The Red Arrows were based   at RAF Fairford in Gloucestershire which was operated by CFS. The team was equipped with a   total of ten Gnats although they continued to display seven until 1968. Each had its own   three colour smoke generation system and a distinctive red, white and blue colours scheme.   In that first year The Red Arrows performed 65 displays in  the UK, Italy, The   Netherlands, Belgium and Germany. At the end of that year they were awarded the Britannia   Trophy by the Royal Aero Club in recognition of their outstanding contribution to British   prestige in the field or aviation. Initially The Red Arrows employed a spare pilot, but   soon found this practice to be unsatisfactory. The display routine is a complex one and   any reserve pilot would be required to learn all the skills of his colleagues. Since he   would rarely be called upon to fly in a display it would be difficult to keep him current   and in time he would become frustrated. In the nineteen sixties much of the Central Flying


BBC NEWS | Business | Profile: Sir Alan Sugar Profile: Sir Alan Sugar Sir Alan has overseen the UK's business landscape for decades Sir Alan Sugar, one of the UK's best-known businessmen and the star of BBC One's The Apprentice programme, has agreed to sell the company that helped make his fortune. In a deal worth about ï¿½125m, Sir Alan will sell television set-top box maker Amstrad to broadcaster BSkyB. Amstrad supplies about 30% of the set-top box devices for Sky. But who is Sir Alan, and how did he climb to prominence and wealth from a council house in east London? 'Not a ruffian' Sir Alan Sugar once remarked that to be a success in business you needed to know everything about your operations, right down to the nuts and bolts that held everything together. This attention to detail and willingness to get his hands dirty could be seen in his childhood, when, too poor to have a bicycle, he built one himself from an old frame. The 1980s gave anyone the opportunity to succeed Sir Alan Sugar Sugar sells Amstrad Born in 1947, Sir Alan was the youngest of four children, brought up in a council house in Hackney. He described himself as "not a ruffian" but having plenty of talk, some of which still remains today. By the age of 12, he was rising at 0600 every day to boil beetroots for a local greengrocer. Four years later, Sir Alan's earnings, after school and at weekends, were far outstripping those of his father, Nathan, who worked in a tailoring sweatshop. Moving markets Having started out selling car aerials and cigarette lighters, aged just 21, he launched his own electronics company, Amstrad - Alan Michael Sugar Trading in 1968. The firm floated on the stock market in 1980, its core business based on hi-fis and the groundbreaking PCW8256 personal computer. Even though early computers were clunky, they were in demand The stereos and the computer - an all-in-one affair comprising processor/screen, keyboard and printer - sold like hot cakes, bringing the wonders of word-processing to everyone from students to small companies. It was the height of the Thatcher years, and as old certainties went out of the window, a new breed of commercial buccaneer swung into action. At the heart of this action was Sir Alan - and with Amstrad, he made his first million. By the age of 40 he was worth about ï¿½600m, making him the 15th richest person in the UK. "The 1980s gave anyone the opportunity to succeed," Sir Alan says. "The establishment was smashed, definitely. The old school tie went out the window. Anybody can do anything now." Killing Bambi But Alan Sugar's is not a tale of unalloyed success. There have been blips along the way. Big blips. The stock market crash of 1987 slashed the value of Amstrad to ï¿½197m, including a record one-day fall of ï¿½400m, and the company's fortunes took years to bounce back. You don't get to see any of the light-hearted, friendly side because, as far as the TV producers are concerned, that doesn't put bums on seats Sir Alan Sugar Then there was his involvement with Tottenham Hotspur. Despite little knowledge of the club's history - he is alleged to have once enquired "Double? What double?" - Sir Alan became Spurs chairman in 1991. Hailed as a saviour at first, he invested heavily, paying off ï¿½20m of debts. But his relationship with Tottenham's fans collapsed after he sacked manager Terry Venables - "I felt as though I'd killed Bambi" - and Sir Alan sold his shares in 2001, after death threats to him and his family. Difficult choices Amstrad has also sometimes backed the wrong horse. In 1990, an attempt to enter the video gaming market bit the dust when the 8-bit GX4000 machine flopped spectacularly, losing out to the 16-bit Sega Megadrive. Three years later, the PenPad, an early type of electronic personal organiser, also foundered, while the E-mailer and a later videophone - which combined phone, video calling and e-mailing - failed to capture the public's imagination. Consumers are often very choosy about the technology they adopt Though Sir Alan's critics remain highly sceptical about his role a


Diana, Roman Goddess of the Hunt Diana, Roman Goddess of the Hunt Roman Deities Diana, Roman Goddess of the Hunt Statue of Diana, Gallery of Statues, Ducal palace, Lucca, Tuscany.  Image by A. Pistolesi/De Agostini Picture Library/Getty Images By Patti Wigington Updated August 31, 2016. Many Pagans honor the goddess Diana (pronounced di-ANN-ah) in her various aspects. Particularly in feminist and NeoWiccan traditions, Diana holds a place in the heart of a number of modern magical practitioners. Her name is believed to come from an early Indo-European word, dyew or deyew, meaning “sky” or “heaven.” This same root word later gave us variants such as the Latin deus, meaning “god,” and dies, which meant “daylight.” Origins & History Much like the Greek Artemis , Diana began as a deity of the hunt who later evolved into a lunar goddess . Honored by the ancient Romans, Diana was known as an accomplished huntress, and stood as a guardian of the forest and of the animals who resided within. Despite her virginal status, Diana later became known as a protector of women in childbirth, and other vulnerable people. A daughter of Jupiter, Diana was the twin sister of Apollo . Although there is significant overlap between Artemis and Diana, in Italy itself, Diana evolved into a separate and distinct persona. In Charles Leland's Aradia, Gospel of the Witches, he pays homage to Diana Lucifera (Diana of the light) in her aspect as a light-bearing goddess of the moon, and details the birth of her daughter, Aradia. Obviously, there is some discrepancy between Leland’s interpretations of Diana as mother, versus the traditional Roman mythology that names her as a virgin. Many feminist Wiccan groups, including the aptly named Dianic Wiccan tradition , honor Diana in her role as the embodiment of the sacred feminine. Appearance She is often associated with the powers of the moon, and in some classical artwork is portrayed wearing a crown that features a crescent moon. She is typically presented carrying a bow, as a symbol of her hunt, and wearing a short tunic. It is not uncommon to see her as a beautiful young woman surrounded by wild animals such as the stag. In her role as Diana Venatrix, goddess of the chase, she is seen running, bow drawn, with her hair streaming behind her as she takes pursuit. Mythology Don't let Diana's lovely appearance fool you into thinking she's all kindness and beauty. In one myth about Diana, the goddess is out hunting in the woods and takes a break so she can bathe in a stream. While doing so, she is observed by a young man, Actaeon, who has wandered away from his own hunting party. Foolishly, Actaeon reveals himself , and confesses that Diana is the most beautiful thing he’s ever seen. For whatever reason - and scholars tend to vary on this - Diana turns Actaeon into a stag , and he’s promptly chased and torn to bits by his own hounds. Worship & Celebration Diana’s worshipers honored her in a beautiful temple on the Aventine hill in Rome , and she was celebrated at a special festival, called the Nemoralia, each year around August 13. Offerings were made in the form of small, carved tablets, statuary, and intricately woven fabric tied along a fence in a sacred valley. The Nemoralia festival, which typically fell around the time of August’s full moon , takes its name from the place at which it was held. Lake Nemi was a sacred lake in a valley, surrounded by dense forests. Adherents of Diana would arrive at the lake at dusk, carrying torches in a processional. The reflected torchlight appeared in the surface of the water, along with the light from the evening’s full moon. As part of the preparation for a visit to Lake Nemi, women went through an elaborate ritual that involved washing their hair and decorating it with wreaths of flowers. The day of the Nemoralia was a day sacred to women. Honoring Diana Today How can you honor Diana today, as a modern Pagan? There are a number of ways you can celebrate Diana in her many aspects. Try one or more of these as part of your magical practice: Are you a Pagan who is also a


BioKIDS - Kids' Inquiry of Diverse Species, Alosa pseudoharengus, Anadromous alewives: INFORMATION Skip directly to main content . Kids' Inquiry of Diverse Species Alosa pseudoharengus What do they look like? Alewives have an overall silvery color with a grayish green back. A black spot at the eye level is directly behind the head. Adults have longitudinal lines that run along the midline of the body. Small alewives have a violet sheen on the sides while adults have a golden cast on their heads and upper parts. They are colored very much like skipjack herring . Scales along the middle of the belly form a raised edge. Females are bigger than males and generally live longer. The body is very rounded and flattened. The head is broadly triangular. The eyes are large and have structures that look like eyelids. The single dorsal fin usually has 13-14 rays but may have 12-16. The tail fin is forked. The anal fin is short and wide with 15-19 rays. Alewives that live at sea tend to be longer, ranging from 255 to 355 mm. Alewives that live in freshwater are about 150 mm in length and mature faster than alewives that live at sea. Other Physical Features 3.94 to 13.98 in Where do they live? Alewives are native to the Atlantic Ocean and the lakes and streams that drain to it from Newfoundland to North Carolina. They are "anadromous", which means that they live most of their lives in the sea but migrate into freshwater rivers and streams to breed. They are present, but non-native, in all of the Great Lakes and many lakes in northern New York. In the Great Lakes they are now abundant in Lake Huron and Lake Michigan. Alewives don't do well in Lake Superior because the water is too cold and lake trout prey heavily on them there. They don't do well in Lake Erie because the lake is too shallow to provide suitable overwintering grounds for large numbers of fish. Several theories exist on how alewives could have become established in the Great Lakes. Scott and Crossman suggest that alewives may have been accidentally included in a batch of American shad that were used to stock Lake Ontario. The alewives also could have migrated from Lakes Seneca and Cayuga in New York to the Great Lakes through the St. Lawrence River. A third argument for the current distribution is that alewives were native to Lake Ontario in small numbers but went unnoticed until a population explosion in 1873. Biogeographic Regions native What kind of habitat do they need? Alewives spend most of their time in coastal waters and most are caught in water 56 to 100 m deep at about 4°C. They are sensitive to light and tend to be in deeper waters during daylight hours. They follow the daily movements of zooplankton in the water column. Adults can withstand temperatures up to 25°C and young of the year can live in waters up to 30°C. These animals are found in the following types of habitat 183.73 to 328.08 ft How do they grow? Fertilized eggs are about 0.9 mm in diameter. Three to five days after hatching, the larvae begin to feed. They slowly transform into juvenile fish and remain in fresh water until the fall, growing to 3.8 to 12.5 cm. How do they reproduce? Alewives spawn in the spring. The young swim to sea or to deeper parts of large lakes (including the Great Lakes). Migration to spawning grounds happens earlier in warmer areas. Spawning generally starts in April in the south and lasts until the end of May farther north. In all populations, females reach the spawning grounds first and older fish are the first to spawn. The oldest fish recorded at spawning sites were to 10 years old. Spawning occurs in groups of 3 or in pairs. Mating System polygynandrous (promiscuous) Females lay their eggs and males fertilize them at the same time. The eggs are sticky at first and may stick to plants or rocks. Within a few hours they settle to the bottom of the lake or river. Alewives lay their eggs over any type of substrate. The number of eggs per female may be 10,000 to 360,000. In populations that migrate to the sea, adult alewives spend most of their lives at sea but spawn


What is the metal or plastic end of a shoelace called?

Ian's Shoelace Site - Tips of Shoelaces = Aglets Search This Site Tips of Shoelaces = Aglets Many people search for shoelace "tips" or "ends" because they want to know the name of the plastic or metal bits at the ends of shoelaces. They're called "Aglets", and you can find out more about them here, including how to repair or replace them. Aglet Information What is an Aglet? An "aglet" (sometimes spelt "aiglet") is the name given to the plastic or metal tip on the end of a shoelace. Despite their simplicity, aglets perform several functions: They stop the ends of the shoelaces from unravelling; They make it easier to hold the ends of the shoelaces when lacing; They make it easier to thread the shoelaces through the eyelets or lugs; They may also provide a colorful or decorative finish to the laces. Because the word "aglet" is not well known, it makes a popular question on trivia quizzes and crossword puzzles. If you were one of those people searching for the name for the tip of a shoelace, you have your answer. If you'd like to find out more about aglets, read on! Where does the word "aglet" come from? The word "aglet" (or "aiglet") originates from Old French "aguillette" (or "aiguillette"), which is the diminutive of "aguille" (or "aiguille"), meaning "needle". This in turn comes from the original Latin word for needle: "acus". Hence, an "aglet" is like a short "needle" at the end of a shoelace. Note that the name "aglet" has also been given to a class of Java programs, and in that context is derived from the words "agent" & "applet", as described here: Aglet Manufacturing Processes Metal aglet process In the past, most aglets were made of metal, and were created by either rolling or crimping a small piece of metal directly onto the shoelace. Shoe repairers were able to supply and fit replacement aglets using a heavy duty crimping tool (as pictured at right). In recent years, metal aglets have seen a resurgence, bringing some "bling" back to shoelaces. These are usually attached in the factory by either gluing or crimping. Plastic tape aglet process Nowadays, most aglets are made of plastic, and are formed directly onto the raw shoelace using a large, expensive "shoelace tipping" machine (as pictured at right). A typical plastic aglet begins with acetate tape, twice the width of the required aglet, which is wound around a section of the uncut shoelace. Carefully controlled heat, and often a solvent such as acetone, is applied at the same time, which just melts the tape directly onto the shoelace as well as bonding the tape onto itself. When cooled, the shoelace is cut through the middle of the coated section, leaving half on each side of the cut. This single operation creates two aglets: One attached to the end of the cutoff section of shoelace, another attached to the start of the uncut section of shoelace. Molded tip aglet process For polyester shoelaces, there is also another totally different process where the end is clamped and heated ultrasonically, producing a solid molded tip from the actual shoelace material itself. Shoelaces with molded tip aglets are often used for high-stress applications such as ice hockey skates because they have no separate plastic or metal piece that can become damaged and fall off onto the ice. Related Links