What is the only gemstone to be composed of one single element?

Diamond Birthstone | April Birthstone | Diamond Gemstone Diamonds Mohs scale hardness: 10 Diamonds (means "unbreakable" in Greek) are crystallized carbon created under extreme heat and pressure, carbon in its most concentrated form. Diamonds are the hardest substance in nature and the only gemstone composed of a single element. Diamonds are not only hardest gemstone but also the farest light reflected among the gems. Even though diamond is only one level higher on the Moh's scale than corundum, diamond can be anywhere from ten to hundreds of times harder than this class of gems. It is the molecular structure that makes diamonds so hard (carbon atoms linked together in a lattice structure). These transparent crystals are also notable for its high dispersion index and high thermal conductivity. It has been associated with purity and fearlessness since ancient times and, more recently, with love. Where Do Diamonds Come From Diamonds formed deep within the earth’s crust (90 miles or about 150 km down) and reach the surface via volcanoes, when magma from far below the surface begins coming up. Once this magma cools, a rock known as kimberlite is formed (the rock which mostly diamonds are found). By the time they reach to the surface of the earth, most of the diamonds are over a billion years old (a diamond could be the oldest material you might own because of this fact). The carbon in diamond may either come from exclusively organic source (called eclogitic diamonds), non-organic source (called harzburgitic diamonds) or a blend of the two. The diamond’s atomic structure gives it the property of being the hardest gemstone, mineral or substance known to man, synthetic or natural. Diamond will preserve its sharp corners and edges even after many years of constant wear while most other gemstones will have become chipped and worn. What Makes Diamonds So Hard Diamond structures follow the cubic crystal system, which is very resistant to any further transformation. It is made up of carbon atoms rearanged into tetrahedron shapes, although sometimes hexagonal-shaped diamonds are also found but not as common. Theoretically, an impressive diamond crystal can be composed of only one giant moleculle of carbon. As the most lustrous of true gems, diamonds have a briliant luster and exhibit dazzling color flashes caused by dispersion (also known as “fire”). The dispersion happen when light passes through a diamond and splits into the colors of the spectrum. The ‘brilliant cut’ is the most valuable and preferred cut in diamonds, it is a special cut designed to brinng out the most “fire” in the stone. Interesting Diamond Facts Diamonds are probably the most desired gemstones in the world. The diamonds is also used to celebrate the 60th wedding anniversary. The oldest diamond ever found was from India. Diamonds are thought to have been first recognized and mined in India and began its colorful history there, where the gems have been mined and set into jewelry since at least 400 B.C. No other diamonds have generated the mystique and supernatural power equal to that associated with the great diamonds of India's past. When looking for diamonds, think of "5Cs" which is carat, cut, color, clarity and certificate. Although we often think of diamonds as being clear, there are also blue, red, black, pale green, pink and violet diamonds. These natural colored diamonds are the truly rare ones, and thereby can sometimes be the most costly. However, diamonds are expected to be unbreakable by many people. This is not true. The crystal structure of diamond has ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ directions. A blow of sufficcient force, in a very exact direction, can split, chip, crack or even shatter a diamond. Many synthetic materials are made to resemble diamond, such as cubic zirconia, strontium titanate, synthetic rutile, YAG, moissanite and synthetic spinel. From all of those, zircon is the only natural gemstone which comes closest in luster and fire to diamond, it has a strong double refraction and it is also softer than diamond. Asian origins: Malaysia, Indonesia


How many stars appear on the flag of New Zealand?

New Zealand Flag, Flags of New Zealand Home » New Zealand Travel » Key Facts » New Zealand Flag The New Zealand Flag The official New Zealand flag was first used in 1869. It is based on the British blue ensign with the Union Flag (also known as the Union Jack) in the upper left corner, and four red stars with white borders to the right. These stars represent the constellation of Crux, the Southern Cross, as it seen from New Zealand. Initially used only on government ships, it wasn't until 1902 that it was made the official flag of New Zealand. The need for an official New Zealand flag was first recognised when a New Zealand trading vessel was seized by customs officials in Sydney harbour. The ship had been sailing without a flag, which was a violation of British navigation laws. However New Zealand-built ships could not fly under a British flag as New Zealand was not yet a British colony. This incensed Maori, as two important chiefs were on the ship that was seized, and the call for an official New Zealand flag gained impetus. Flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand The first New Zealand flag was adopted on 9 March 1834 after a vote made by the United Tribes of New Zealand. One of three flags that were initially proposed, this flag became known as the Flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand. To Maori, the United Tribes flag signified that Britain had recognised New Zealand as an independent nation with its own flag, and had acknowledged the mana of the Maori chief. The flag is still flown at Waitangi, site of the signing of New Zealand's founding document, The Treaty of Waitangi. The Union Jack Following the signing of the Treaty on 6 February 1840, which effectively made New Zealand a British colony, the Union Jack replaced the Flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand as the official flag. However some Maori believed that they should have the right to fly the United Tribes flag alongside the Union Jack, and viewed the Union Jack as a symbol of British power over Maori. The Union Jack remained New Zealand's flag until the passing of the New Zealand Ensign Act instituted the current flag in 1902, yet was still used regularly in New Zealand well into the 1950s. Other New Zealand Flags The Silver Fern The silver fern flag is often seen at sporting fixtures involving New Zealand teams or individuals. There are many variations, but it is typically the image of a silver fern on a black background. Although it has no formal recognition, many regard it as the unofficial flag of New Zealand. A symbol of national pride, the silver fern emblem is also incorporated into the logos of many New Zealand sporting teams, including the All Blacks rugby team. For several years, some people in New Zealand have been calling for a change to the official New Zealand flag that signifies New Zealand's independence from Britain. Several variations of the silver fern flag have appeared in support of this call for a new national flag. Tino Rangatiratanga Since 1990, the Tino rangatiratanga flag has been used by some Maori as an alternative to the official New Zealand flag, and a symbol of Maori independence. Tino rangatiratanga's closest English translation is self-determination, although some refer to it as "absolute sovereignty" or "Maori independence". Chosen through a competition, this New Zealand flag uses black to represent potentiality, white to represent the physical world of light and understanding, red to represent open daylight (representing the achievement of full potential and understanding), and the Koru, a spiral-like shape representing the unfolding of new life. Featured


Which popular sport features in the NATO phonetic alphabet?

Military Alphabet - TV Tropes Military Alphabet You need to login to do this. Get Known if you don't have an account Share YMMV Also called a spelling alphabet or a phonetic alphabet, (not to be confused with the entirely different International Phonetic Alphabet, ) this is a system of assigning to each letter of the alphabet a word that begins with that letter. This way, if something has to be spelled over a radio, telephone, etc. there is much less chance of the wrong information being transmitted. The military, police departments and radio operators all make frequent use of this. Phone-based customer service and technical support also use it, but with more informal construction (any word will do), for the same reasons. (The formal ones specifically pick words themselves which all sound distinct from all the others with poor sound quality.) The most common alphabets are shown below, from A to Z. NATO Zebra Zebra The NATO version is near universal in the modern age, because it is also used for civil aviation throughout the whole world (for which English is the only official language). In addition, if the NATO system is being used, expect the digit 3 to be pronounced "tree"; 4 to be pronounced "fo-wer" to distinguish from "for", 5 to be pronounced "fife" so it won't be confused with "fire"; and 9 to be pronounced "niner", to keep it distinct from "nein", German for "no" (as well as from "five," as the two are indistinguishable otherwise over a distorted signal). This is used almost exclusively in modern military shows. Non-military shows which use it will usually stick to A-E, since they are more recognizable. Exclusively military shows tend to use more of the letters. Military units will sometimes use one of the letters as their designation (for example, 'Bravo Company'). Individual personnel may refer to themselves or others in the military alphabet over radios; "Echo-6-Charlie" would be someone whose pay-grade is E-6, with a last name beginning with the letter C. (Alternately, the number is code for a position withing the unit. 6 usually is the commander.) And that's without getting into the ones used in other languages... For satirical purposes, an anti phonetic alphabet can be used, for example Inspector Clouseau's "J as in jalapeno". Another set, named "Fanatic Alphabet", can be found here. Examples     open/close all folders       Fox Item Love Mike (Film)   Flight of the Intruder uses this for a bit of a Genius Bonus : A character uses "Alpha Mike Foxtrotnote  "Adios, Mother Fuckers"" to sign off after calling in an airstrike on himself because the North Vietnamese were using him as bait for rescue choppers. Hot Shots! had a very funny parody of the phonetic alphabet. Jim 'Wash Out' Pfaffenbach: Alpha Velveeta Knuckle Underwear, you are cleared for take-off. When you hit that nuclear weapons plant... drop a bomb for me! Lt. Commander Block: Uh, Sphincter Mucus Niner Ringworm, roger! The highway patrol in Super Troopers use a unique version when reading license plates over the radio. With inherently funny words like "eunuch". George Clooney's character in The Men Who Stare at Goats . "We're Oscar Mike. That's 'on the move' soldier." Approximately coincides with the popularity of Generation Kill and Modern Warfare 2. Die Hard 2 uses military alphabet when referring to the plane that is bringing General Esperanza to the United States. It is designated FM (Foreign Military) 1, though later in the film, both Colonel Stuart and Esperanza refer to it as "Foxtrot Michael 1", despite the military alphabet using the shortened name Mike for the letter M. Dr. Strangelove is a fairly early example. The B-52 is assigned to targets Yankee-Golf-Tango-three-six-zero and November-Bravo- X Ray -one-zero-eight as part of the wing's Attack Plan R for Romeo , or Robert (used by General Ripper in communication with his RAF exchange officer Mandrake, as per the British Royal Air Force's own pre-NATO phonetic alphabet). In The Incredibles , Helen identifies her plane as "India Golf Niner Niner" — a reference to The Iron Giant being relea


Who first argued that the world was not flat?

The Flat Earth Theory   The Flat Earth Theory http://skeptoid.com/audio/skeptoid-4338.mp3   Today we're going to point the skeptical eye at a series of beliefs that are said to be about the shape of the Earth. The Flat Earth Society is well known, and widely assumed to be a group of people who lobby the idea that the Earth is not actually a globe. While this is described as an ancient, pre-scientific belief, it's increasingly common today to point out that very few ancient societies who had any meaningful science actually believed the Earth was flat. We're going to try and sort all this out, to see who actually believes what today, and who actually believed what going back through history. Perhaps of the greatest interest is the question of why certain beliefs were adopted in cases where the observations conflicted with the dogma. The Flat Earth Society does indeed exist, but its current incarnation is quite a bit different today than what was originally founded. It's had a spotty history, having never really been much more than a newsletter mailing list, and it's only been around since 1956. While that seems quite recent compared to how long the flat Earth theory must have been around, it's actually a large chunk of it. For it wasn't until the mid-1800s that any sort of an organized flat Earth lobby existed; in fact even the very idea that people ever thought the Earth was flat is only a few years older than that. An entire mythology has arisen claiming that authorities used to believe the Earth was flat. It's not clear how or exactly when this myth was born, but examples are easy to find. A case in point was the 1919 Boys' and Girls' Reader, in which the very first sentence of the very first chapter on history was: When Columbus lived, people thought the Earth was flat. This author may have been inspired by Washington Irving, the author of such tales as The Legend of Sleepy Hollow and Rip van Winkle, who also wrote a book called The Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus in 1828. Irving's narrative included a scene where Columbus had to pitch a royal commission on his voyage; an event which Irving had to entirely invent, as the actual minutes of any such meeting were never recorded. Irving wrote: To his simplest proposition, the spherical form of the earth, were opposed figurative texts of scripture. They observed, that in the Psalms, the heavens are said to be extended like a hide ... extended over the earth, which they thence inferred must be flat. However, Irving knew that this did not, in fact, represent the state of knowledge in the day. For a few lines later, in the very same paragraph (which is never cited by promoters of the claim), Irving also spoke of the more learned members of the commission: Others, more versed in science, admitted the globular form of the earth, [but] ... they observed, that the circumference of the earth must be so great as to require at least three years to the voyage... Older examples exist as well. Even Thomas Jefferson was fooled by the myth, wrongly writing in 1784 that: Galileo was sent to the inquisition for affirming that the earth was a sphere: the government had declared it to be as flat as a trencher. Even the popular meme of "Turtles all the way down", in supposed reference to an ancient belief that the Earth was flat and resting on the back of a giant elephant, which stood on the back of the World Turtle, is not a literal claim. It's from an old joke, repeated over and over again in books since at least the 1800s. The old illustrations we see of turtles bearing the flat Earth are not from ancient cultures, but from Western misinterpretations of allegorical Eastern beliefs, which were then parodied into straw man arguments depicting ancient science as ridiculous. The ancient Greeks had no doubts that the Earth was a globe, as virtually any observation or measurement you can make indicates this. Pythagoras noted this as early as the 6th century BCE, followed by Aristotle, Euclid, and others. Building upon this foundation of knowledge, Eratosthenes, a geographer and mathema


Which metal is the best conductor of electricity?

What Is the Most Conductive Element? What Is the Most Conductive Element? What Is the Most Conductive Element? The Element That Is the Best Conductor of Electricity Silver has the highest electrical conductivity of any element.  Alchemist-hp, Creative Commons License Updated March 09, 2016. Question: What Is the Most Conductive Element? Conductivity refers to the ability of a material to transmit energy. There are different types of conductivity, including electrical conductivity , thermal conductivity and acoustical conductivity. Here is a look at the three most electrically conductive elements. As you might expect, all three conductive elements are metals. Answer: The most electrically conductive element is silver , followed by copper and gold. Silver also has the highest thermal conductivity of any element and the highest light reflectance. Although it is the best conductor , copper and gold are used more often in electrical applications because copper is less expensive and gold has a much higher corrosion resistance. Because silver tarnishes, it is less desirable for high frequencies because the exterior surface is less conductive. As to why silver is the best conductor, the answer is that its electrons are more free to move than those of the other elements. continue reading below our video Test Your General Science Knowledge This has to do with its valence and crystal structure. Most metals conduct electricity. Other elements with high electrical conductivity, are aluminum, zinc, nickel, iron and platinum. Brass and bronze are electrically conductive alloys , rather than elements. Table of the Conductive Order of Metals This list of electric conductivity includes alloys as well as pure elements. Because the size and shape of a substance affects its conductivity, the list assumes all samples are the same size. Rank Factors That Affect Electrical Conductivity Certain factors can affect how well a material conducts electricity. Temperature - Changing temperature of silver or any other conductor alters its conductivity. In general, increasing the temperature causes thermal excitation of the atoms and decreases conductivity (increases resistivity). The relationship is linear, but it breaks down at low temperatures. Impurities - Adding an impurity to a conductor decreases its conductivity. For example, sterling silver is not as good of a conductor as pure silver. Oxidized silver is not as good a conductor as untarnished silver. Impurities hinder electron flow. Crystal Structure and Phases - If there are different phases within a material, conductivity will slow slightly at the interface and may be different from one structure than another. The way a material has been processed can affect how well it conducts electricity. Electromagnetic Fields - Conductors generate their own electromagnetic fields when electricity runs through them, with the magnetic field perpendicular to the electric field. External electromagnetic fields can produce magnetoresistance, which can slow the flow of current. Frequency - The number of oscillation cycles an alternating electrical current completes per second is its frequency in hertz. Above a certain level, a high frequency can cause current to flow around a conductor rather than through it (skin effect). Since there is no oscillation and hence no frequency, the skin effect does not occur with direct current. Learn More


Which scientist was born in Germany in 1879, became a Swiss citizen in 1901 and later became a US citizen in 1940?

Einstein, Albert - Dictionary definition of Einstein, Albert | Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary Einstein, Albert U.S. Immigration and Migration Reference Library COPYRIGHT 2004 The Gale Group, Inc. Albert Einstein Physicist "The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible." A lbert Einstein was already a world-famous scientist when he immigrated to the United States in 1933. Over his lifetime, he had three nationalities: German, Swiss, and American. He also was Jewish, which led him to support the founding of the state of Israel. But as the top physicist in the twentieth century, Einstein in some ways rose above nationalities to become a citizen of the world. His story as a world citizen cast a different light on the larger subject of emigration and migration across national borders. Not a promising young student Albert Einstein was the son of a middle-class Jewish businessman. Einstein was born in Germany, a country that had been unified into a single state only eight years before his birth. Previously, a group of kingdoms, of which Prussia was the largest, had occupied the territory brought together into a single kingdom in 1870. When he was a boy, Einstein's father, Hermann, moved his family to Munich, where he and a brother opened a factory manufacturing electrical equipment. The family later moved to Milan, Italy, in 1894, before Einstein had graduated from high school. Einstein did not have a reputation as a brilliant or even an excellent student. He was regarded as rebellious, a young man who preferred to study topics in math and science that interested him and to ignore assignments that did not. He paid a price for his independent streak in 1895, when the prestigious Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich rejected his application. Einstein spent a year studying subjects in which he was considered weak. He was finally admitted to the Swiss university in 1896 with the intention of becoming a teacher of physics and math. Even then, Einstein did not impress all of his teachers. He graduated in 1901 and became a Swiss citizen, but he could not find a teaching job without the recommendation of all his teachers. Instead, Einstein got a job working for the Swiss government, examining applications for patents. (A patent is a claim by an inventor for the exclusive right, during a limited period of time, to use an invention to make money. Applications are examined to make sure the so-called invention really is new.) Einstein's job required technical knowledge, but it is often represented as a low-grade clerical job. It did not enjoy the prestige of a teaching post at a major university, but it did allow Einstein plenty of free time to work on his first love, which was physics, and to enjoy his marriage in 1903 to Mileva Maric of Hungary, a student Einstein had met at the Institute of Technology. The couple had two sons and were divorced in 1919. Einstein later married his widowed cousin, Elsa Einstein, whom he had known since he was a child. 1905: The year of sudden acclaim The story of Albert Einstein is not one of a scientist working for years to develop a new explanation for the world he sees around him. To the contrary, just a few years out of Zurich, Einstein published a series of scientific papers in a single year—1905—that permanently established his reputation as one of the modern world's great scientists on a par with Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) and Sir Isaac Newton (1642–1727). One of the papers Einstein published in 1905 was on the topic of what is called Einstein's "special theory of relativity." It was a mathematical demonstration that showed that light moves at the same speed regardless of its source or the motion of the observer. (The speed of an object, on the other hand, is relative to the observer. A car may seem to be moving at 30 miles an hour to someone standing still; to someone moving towards the first car at the same speed, the first car seems to be moving at 60 miles an hour. Einstein's theory said that regardless of whether an observer is moving toward


What is the sum of the internal angles in a hexagon?

Cool math .com - Polygons - Hexagons - properties, interior angles Properties of hexagons, interior angles of hexagons Polygons:  Properties of Hexagons Sum of the Interior Angles of a Hexagon: To find the sum of the interior angles of a hexagon, divide it up into triangles... There are four triangles...  Because the sum of the angles of each triangle is 180 degrees...  We get So, the sum of the interior angles of a hexagon is 720 degrees. Regular Hexagons:The properties of regular hexagons: All sides are the same length (congruent) and all interior angles are the same size (congruent). To find the measure of the interior angles, we know that the sum of all the angles is 720 degrees (from above)...  And there are six angles... So, the measure of the interior angle of a regular hexagon is 120 degrees. The measure of the central angles of a regular hexagon: To find the measure of the central angle of a regular hexagon, make a circle in the middle...  A circle is 360 degrees around...  Divide that by six angles... So, the measure of the central angle of a regular hexagon is 60 degrees. A regular hexagon is made up of 6 equilateral triangles! Popular Topics


What is the most common blood type in humans?

Blood Types Chart | Blood Group Information | American Red Cross Printable Version Blood Types Although all blood is made of the same basic elements, not all blood is alike. In fact, there are eight different common blood types, which are determined by the presence or absence of certain antigens – substances that can trigger an immune response if they are foreign to the body. Since some antigens can trigger a patient's immune system to attack the transfused blood, safe blood transfusions depend on careful blood typing and cross-matching. The ABO Blood Group System There are four major blood groups determined by the presence or absence of two antigens – A and B – on the surface of red blood cells: Group A – has only the A antigen on red cells (and B antibody in the plasma) Group B – has only the B antigen on red cells (and A antibody in the plasma) Group AB – has both A and B antigens on red cells (but neither A nor B antibody in the plasma) Group O – has neither A nor B antigens on red cells (but both A and B antibody are in the plasma) There are very specific ways in which blood types must be matched for a safe transfusion. See the chart below:      In addition to the A and B antigens, there is a third antigen called the Rh factor, which can be either present (+) or absent ( – ). In general, Rh negative blood is given to Rh-negative patients, and Rh positive blood or Rh negative blood may be given to Rh positive patients. The universal red cell donor has Type O negative blood type. The universal plasma donor has Type AB blood type. Blood Types and the Population O positive is the most common blood type. Not all ethnic groups have the same mix of these blood types. Hispanic people, for example, have a relatively high number of O’s, while Asian people have a relatively high number of B’s. The mix of the different blood types in the U.S. population is:


What is the atomic number of the element Californium?

Californium   - Element information, properties and uses | Periodic Table Chemistry in its element: californium (Promo) You're listening to Chemistry in its element brought to you by Chemistry World, the magazine of the Royal Society of Chemistry. (End promo) This week, let's go surfing. Brian Clegg What comes to mind when you think of California? Surfing and the Beach Boys? Hollywood and Governor Schwarzenegger? The University of California at Berkeley has ensured that California also has its place in the periodic table with element 98, the tenth of the actinides, californium. Although it seems perfectly sensible to celebrate the location where it was discovered, californium's name was, in fact, a failure for the team behind its production. Glen T. Seaborg and his co-workers had named americium to parallel the lanthanide above it in the periodic table, europium. They went on to name curium and berkelium in a way that was also derived from the equivalent lanthanide. So, for instance, the actinide berkelium was named after Berkeley because the lanthanide above it, terbium, was named after the Swedish village Ytterby where it was quarried. When it came to californium, an artificial element first produced in 1950, the equivalent lanthanide would be dysprosium, which comes from the Greek for 'hard to get.' After some head-scratching, Seaborg and his team gave up on the search for an equivalent and just went for the location of the lab. They had already discarded a list of names including cyclotronium and cyclonium, after the device used in producing the first californium, along with the more than a little cheesy radlabium, reflecting the team's origins as part of the radiation laboratory or rad lab. They did, though, manage a neat bit of rationalization, arguing that they paralleled dysprosium's 'hard to get' meaning because 'the searchers for another element a century ago found it difficult to get to California.' This referred to the state's inaccessibility during the nineteenth century gold rush. The first isotope of californium produced was californium 245, with a half life of just 44 minutes. The team battered a target of curium with alpha particles using a cyclotron, an early type of particle accelerator still in use today, particularly in medical applications. The cyclotron accelerates charged particles using electrodes that switch rapidly between attracting and repelling as the particles spiral around a circular chamber until they collide with a target. In this case the collision produced californium and a spare neutron. The most stable of californium's 20 or so produced isotopes is californium 251, which has a half life of 898 years, though many of the isotopes have half-lives measured in minutes. It's most often made now by starting with berkelium 249 and adding neutrons in a nuclear reactor. Although this is a purely artificial element here on earth, it may exist in space as one of the many by-products of supernovas. When it comes to practical uses, this slivery substance is an excellent neutron emitter. This makes it handy for kick-starting nuclear reactors, where a high neutron flow is required to get the chain reaction going. It also means that, in principle, californium would make effective small scale nuclear weapons, requiring as little as five kilograms of californium 251 to achieve critical mass - about half the amount of plutonium required for a bomb - but in practice it is so fiddly to produce that even at this scale it is unlikely to be used. As well as providing the starter for reactors, small amounts of californium have also found their way into a number of devices requiring a flow of neutrons, whether it is specialist detectors or radiotherapy, as a last resort for some cancer treatments where gentler sources have failed. Perhaps californium's most common application is in moisture gauges used in potential oil wells. These detectors fire fast neutrons through the material to be tested. Hydrogen nuclei, typical of those in water and oil, tend to slow down the neutrons, so a slow neutron detector can


1974 Academy Awards® Winners and History ELLEN BURSTYN in "Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore",         Diahann Carroll in "Claudine", Faye Dunaway in "Chinatown" ,         Valerie Perrine in "Lenny", Gena Rowlands in "A         Woman Under the Influence" Supporting Actor: ROBERT DE NIRO in "The          Godfather, Part II" , Fred Astaire in "The Towering         Inferno", Jeff Bridges in "Thunderbolt and Lightfoot",         Michael V. Gazzo in "The           Godfather, Part II" Supporting Actress: INGRID BERGMAN in "Murder on the Orient Express", Valentina         Cortese in "Day for Night", Madeline Kahn in "Blazing          Saddles" , Diane Ladd in "Alice Doesn't Live Here         Anymore", Talia Shire in Director: FRANCIS FORD COPPOLA for "The          Godfather, Part II" , John Cassavetes for "A Woman         Under the Influence", Bob Fosse for "Lenny", Roman         Polanski for "Chinatown" ,         Francois Truffaut for "Day for Night" The          Best Picture victor, The           Godfather, Part II , shifted back and forth over six          decades in time to retrace the story of the same Corleone family          and how it was founded. Simultaneously, it documented the rise          to power of young Vito Corleone (Robert De Niro) and the family's          decline a generation later through the aging son (Michael Corleone). It was the only sequel to win a Best Picture          Oscar at the time of its win. [An earlier unsuccessful attempt          at a sequel-Best Picture win was The Bells of St. Mary's           (1945) - following the Best Picture winner of the previous          year - Going My Way (1944). Later, its 'sequel' The           Godfather, Part III (1990) was also nominated for Best          Picture - and lost, and two sequel-installments of The           Lord of the Rings (2002, 2003) were also nominated,          with the latter winning the top honor. Some might consider          the Best Picture-winning The Silence           of the Lambs (1991) as a sequel to Manhunter            (1986) , but that stretches the definition of a true          sequel.] It also accomplished a marvelous feat - it did exceptionally well with double the total number of Oscars          than its predecessor - with eleven nominations and six wins          (Best Picture, Best Director, Best Supporting Actor (Robert          DeNiro), Best Screenplay Adaptation, Best Art Direction/Set          Decoration, and Best Original Dramatic Score (by Nino Rota          and the director's own father Carmine Coppola)). It duplicated          its predecessor's feat of three nominations for Best          Supporting Actor (for Lee Strasberg, Michael V. Gazzo, and          winner DeNiro). Five of its six un-rewarded nominations were          for acting roles. [Francis Ford Coppola had previously won two Oscars           for himself - for the Best Story and Screenplay for Patton            (1970) and the Best Adapted Screenplay (a shared           award) for The            Godfather (1972) . With his new honors in 1974, he           would add three more awards: Best Picture (as producer),           Best Director, and Best Screenplay Adaptation (again shared           with Mario Puzo). It was an unprecedented win for Coppola           - three Oscars for writing, producing, and directing           the same film.] (Note: A triple win had also occurred for Leo McCarey           in 1944, Billy Wilder in 1960, James L. Brooks in 1983, and           would later occur for James Cameron in 1997.) For the first time since 1951, when individual producers rather than companies were ci


Which 1986 film had the tag-line Be afraid. Be very afraid.?

'Be afraid, be very afraid' - the meaning and origin of this phrase Famous Last Words Browse phrases beginning with: Be afraid, be very afraid Meaning Ostensibly, a warning that something dangerous is imminent. In reality, this is usually said with comic intent. The thing being warned of is more likely to be mildly unwelcome than actually dangerous; for example, "That fierce librarian was asking about your overdue books - be afraid, be very afraid." Origin This phrase originated in the 1986 horror film The Fly, written by the Canadian David Cronenberg and starring Jeff Goldblum (as Seth Brundle) and Geena Davis (as Veronica Quaife). The shortened expression 'be very afraid' was already in use in the USA prior to 1986; for example, it was used in the television series All My Children in 1970. The plot of The Fly has Brundle as a scientist experimenting with teleportation. The scientist is brilliant but eccentric and, naturally, the casting director thought of Goldblum. Just as naturally, before we get far into the film, the experiments begin to go wrong. Quaife is a reporter working on the teleportation story. When it becomes clear that Brundle is starting to turn into an insect, he pleads with one of the characters "don't be afraid" and Quaife's response is: "No. Be afraid. Be very afraid." An example of one of the few phrases in English that contains punctuation. This was used as a tag line in the film's publicity posters. They also used, "Half man, half insect ... total terror!" and "Something went wrong in the lab today... something very wrong". David Cronenberg, George Langelaan and  Charles Edward Pogue were the writers on the film, with the storyline being provided by George Langelaan. It is the imagery of portentous warnings from the Bible and literature that the film's screenwriters called on to give weight to the line; for example, Shelley's sonnet, Ozymandias: "My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings: Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!" There are many similar examples from the Bible, including Isaiah 32:11-11 ( King James Version ): "Tremble, ye women that are at ease; be troubled, ye careless ones ..." Of course, 'be' and 'afraid' are common enough words to have appeared together many times before that, as in Macbeth, 1605: I will not be afraid of death and bane, Till Birnam forest come to Dunsinane. For the use of 'be afraid' as a stand-alone warning, we go back to the Bible. In Romans 13:4-4, in the King James Version , we find: "For he is the minister of God to thee for good. But if thou do that which is evil, be afraid; for he beareth not the sword in vain: for he is the minister of God, a revenger to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil." Twenty years has been long enough for the phrase to have been taken into the language, and it is now well enough established to have the shortened form of simply 'be afraid'.


Who provided the voice of the genie in the 1992 animated film Aladdin?

Voice Compare: Aladdin - Genie | Behind The Voice Actors Franchise: Aladdin In 1992 Walt Disney released an animated film called Aladdin that would become the most successful film for that year. One of the huge selling points was that Robin Williams would voice the Genie. Williams worked for SAG scale pay on condition that his name or image not be used for marketing, and the Genie wouldn't take more than 25% of space on any advertising artwork. Williams main reason for doing the role was gratitude for his success with the Disney/Touchstone film Good Morning, Vietnam. The studio however did not meet these requests and Williams and Disney had a falling-out. For Aladdin: The Return of Jafar in 1994, Genie was voiced by well known voice actor Dan Castellaneta who is perhaps best known as the voice of Homer Simpson. Castellaneta also provides the voice of Genie for the Aladdin TV series and the Kingdom Hearts video game series. When certain individuals were fired from Disney and new people were hired, it was a fresh start to fix the rift between Robin Williams and Disney. After a public apology Williams forgave Disney and agreed to reprise the role of Genie for the third film Aladdin and the King of Thieves. Dan Castellaneta who had previously recorded dialogue for the film had his work redone by Robin Williams. Genie of Aladdin will forever be a significant role that changed the voice acting business. The success of Aladdin was one of many films that eventually started a trend of famous Hollywood celebrities as the stars of an animated film rather than using performers with more experience in voice acting. With better potential box office success and good tools for marketing, the use of well known stars working in animation has greatly increased in the 21rst century. Whether you agree or not with this growing sensation where A-List celebrities are hired over more qualified voice actors for animated films probably originated from this character. Created by Jackson_H on Dec 2 2009 Special thanks to Music Meister for additional sound clips.


What 1968 film features the characters Caractacus Potts and Truly Scrumptious?

Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (1968) - IMDb IMDb 18 January 2017 6:08 PM, UTC NEWS There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Chitty Chitty Bang Bang ( 1968 ) G | A down-on-his-luck inventor turns a broken-down Grand Prix car into a fancy vehicle for his children, and then they go off on a magical fantasy adventure to save their grandfather in a far-off land. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 35 titles created 30 Jan 2011 a list of 31 titles created 31 Jul 2011 a list of 26 titles created 08 Sep 2012 a list of 35 titles created 10 months ago a list of 33 titles created 6 months ago Title: Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (1968) 6.9/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for     1     Oscar. Another 4 nominations. See more awards  » Videos A magical nanny helps bring the two children she's in charge of closer to their father through songs and magical adventures. Director: Robert Stevenson An apprentice witch, three kids and a cynical conman search for the missing component to a magic spell useful to the defense of Britain. Director: Robert Stevenson Charlie receives a golden ticket to a factory, his sweet tooth wants going into the lushing candy, it turns out there's an adventure in everything. Director: Mel Stuart A woman leaves an Austrian convent to become a governess to the children of a Naval officer widower. Director: Robert Wise Young Oliver Twist runs away from an orphanage and meets a group of boys trained to be pickpockets by an elderly mentor. Director: Carol Reed Directors: Norman Ferguson, T. Hee, and 5 more credits  » Stars: Dickie Jones, Christian Rub, Mel Blanc Directors: Victor Fleming, George Cukor, and 3 more credits  » Stars: Judy Garland, Frank Morgan, Ray Bolger Edit Storyline An eccentric professor invents wacky machinery but can't seem to make ends meet. When he invents a revolutionary car, a foreign government becomes interested in it and resorts to skulduggery to get their hands on it. Written by Murray Chapman <muzzle@cs.uq.oz.au> Get a "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" Out of Life! See more  » Genres: 18 December 1968 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: Tschitti Tschitti Bäng Bäng See more  » Filming Locations: Did You Know? Trivia Seven different Chitties were built: a worn-out one, a restored one, one for the flying scenes, one for the water scenes and three partial models for various other scenes. See more » Goofs In the candy factory scene, the colour and cut of Mr. Potts' haircut changes right before the Toot Sweet musical number. See more » Quotes Truly Scrumptious : [referring to helping the children] It's a beautiful dream Caractacus, but... I don't see how it's gonna help them. [Truly looks at the children around them and Caractacus stands up] Caracticus Potts : [confident] Do you know what we're gonna do? We're gonna get up into that castle! Toymaker : [incredulous] It is impossible! Caracticus Potts : [confident] Well, we'll see. [Caractacus runs up to a large water channel and looks at the children watching] Caracticus Potts : [loud and clear] Now, everybody listen to me! You wanna get out of here, don't you? [...] Doll On a Music Box/Truly Scrumptious (uncredited) hi, low anywhere we go... 25 April 2005 | by (United States) – See all my reviews This movie is one that has sadly fallen through the cracks of the "classic family musical" floor. My parents were on the ball and raised me on "mary Poppins," "sound of music," and of course, "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang," and I have not yet been weaned off them. (Incidently, all three of these movies share a choreographer) The sheer imagination of this film is akin to that of Peter Pan. It is a tremendous celebration of childhood and fantasy. Sadly, this movie is often overlooked. As a college student, few of my friends know about this film. The few that do


What was the first film that Alfred Hitchcock made in Hollywood and the only one that won a Best Picture Oscar?

Oscar Scandals: Hitchcock Never Won the Oscar | Emanuel Levy Oscar Scandals: Hitchcock Never Won the Oscar March 30, 2010 by EmanuelLevy Leave a Comment Judging by the scarcity of nominations, suspense films, like action?adventures, are more appreciated by filmgoers than the Academy voters. For some reason, well?made thrillers are perceived in the industry as a disreputable product of sheer craftsmanship rather than genuine film art. In the Academy’s entire history, only three thrillers, Alfred Hitchcock’s “Rebecca” (1940), Jonathan Demme’s “The Silence of the Lambs” (1991), and last year’s Joel and Ethan Coen’s “No Country for Old Men” (2007) have won the Best Picture Oscar.    Rebecca (1940) Based on Daphne du Maurier’s popular novel, Rebecca was Hitchcock’s first American movie, in which he cast Laurence Olivier and Joan Fontaine in the starring roles.   The film is distinguished by an exquisite cinematography (George Barnes won an Oscar), and great ensemble acting, headed by Judith Anderson, as the malevolent housekeeper, in one of her most memorable portrayals.   In 1940, “Rebecca” competed against another Hitchcock film, Foreign Correspondent, which deals with espionage in Europe. The film was interpreted by some as an endorsement of the American involvement in the war, because its producer, Walter Wanger, was known for his antifascist views. Both Rebecca and Foreign Correspondent were popular with the public; Rebecca grossed in rentals the then phenomenal 1.5 million dollars.   Demme began his career directing exploitation films for Roger Corman, but, aware of the genre’s dishonor, he gave The Silence of the Lambs the treatment of an A-Grade art film. Based on Thomas Harris’s best?seller, the suspenseful and gruesome thriller centers on the battle of nerves between an FBI trainee named Clarice (Jodie Foster) and a diabolical psychiatrist turned cannibal, who becomes Clarice’s sparring partner, in her efforts to hunt down a serial killer. The acting of the two stars is superb. Anthony Hopkins almost made a likable hero of out of Hannibal Lecter’s sadistic, unruly demon. As Clarice, Foster embodies the gentleness of an initially naive county girl who becomes susceptible to Hannibal’s advances.    For some viewers, the movie was too creepy and disconcerting in its hints of romantic attraction between Hannibal and Clarice. Conservative moviegoers were outraged by the picture. First Lady Barbara Bush stormed out of the theater, protesting, “I didn’t come to a movie to see people’s skin being taken off.” Then gay activists threatened to disrupt the Oscar show as a protest against Hollywood’s representations of homosexuals in The Silence of the Lambs, as well as in Oliver Stone’s JFK (also Best Picture nominee that year) and the Sharon Stone psycho-thriller, Basic Instinct, which was released during the 1992 nomination period.   “The Silence of the Lambs” swept all five major Oscars: Picture, Director, Actor, Actress, and Adapted Screenplay. Only two other films in the Academy’s history have been recognized in all top five categories: It Happened One Night in 1934, and One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest in 1975.   With the exception of Demme and the Coen brothers, no filmmaker has ever won a directorial Oscar for a thriller, including Hitchcock, the genre’s acknowledged master.    Hitchcock was nominated five times: for “Rebecca,” “Lifeboat” (1944), “Spellbound” (1945), “Rear Window” (1954), and “Psycho” (1960), one of his last undisputed successes. (See analysis below)   Four Hitchcock films were nominated for Best Picture, the aforementioned “Rebecca” and “Foreign Correspondent,” “Suspicion,” and “Spellbound.”   Failing to give Hitchcock a legitimate Oscar, the Academy compensated Hitchcock with a 1968 Honorary Oscar. No wonder, the master was cynical in his views of the Oscar, telling a reporter he wasn’t disappointed, because, “Why do I want another doorstop?”


Which actor provides the voice for Rocky in the film Chicken Run?

CHICKEN RUN with the voices of Phil Daniels, Lynn Ferguson, Mel Gibson, Tony Haygarth, Jane Horrocks - HomeVideos.com Comedy Index * Action Movies * Great Dramas * Musicals * Romances * Sci-Fi Movies * Classic TV * TheWebNetwork.com CHICKEN RUN (2000) On a 1950's Yorkshire Tweedy Egg Chicken farm, run by      the evil Mr. and Mrs. Tweedy, Ginger the chicken tries in vain to come      up with an escape plan for the chickens before they all become chicken      meat when they eventually stop laying eggs. Luckily, a flying rooster,      Rocky, lands in their compound and a plan or two is hatched to help      the chickens to fly out of their confinement, which faces lots of obsticles. Voice talent include: Phil Daniels, Lynn Ferguson, Mel      Gibson, Tony Haygarth, Jane Horrocks, Miranda Richardson, Julia Sawalha,      Timothy Spall, Imelda Staunton, and Benjamin Whitrow. Directed by Peter Lord and Nick Park. Screenplay by      Karey Kirkpatrick. Promotional Lines: "Escape or Die Frying." "There's Nothing More Determined Than Poultry With A Plan." "A Few Good Hen" --- "It's Chicken Impossible." CHOOSE A SITE TO SEARCH HomeVideos.com   Quotes from Ginger: "So, laying eggs all your life and then getting stuffed and   roasted, that's good enough for you, is it?" Babs: "It's a Living." THE REVIEW- Peter Lord's and Nick Park's Chicken Run is a classic clever,   family adventure comedy that has something for everyone, that   grabs your attention and builds in suspense, ending in a most   satisfying ending, which is all tied together by humor and truths   about the importance of teamwork, friendship and determination. The story begins in an oppressive prison-like chicken yard   at Mrs. Tweedy's Egg farm in Yorkshire, England. Chicken huts   and their yard is surrounded by high fences, lights, reminding   one of the P.O.W. movies such as Stalag 17. The audience watches   a chicken, called Ginger dodging the flashlight of Mr. Tweedy,   as she sneaks across the yard to the fence. With a spoon, she   stealthily digs a hole under the fence and escapes to the other   side. However, when other chickens try to escape too, one gets   stuck, and they all get caught. Ginger is thrown into the coal   box for the night as punishment. We then see a variety of escape   plans planned by Ginger which always are foiled by one of the   other chickens. At the end of the week, a bell rings one morning, and all the   chickens nervously line up, under the direction of Fowler, a   Rooster who was decorated in WW2 as a RAF mascot. The gate clangs   open and the camera focuses on a pair a black yard boots, and   we meet the evil Mrs. Tweedy, who is reviewing her records of   the laying results of each hen on her clipboard, as she slowly   moves down the inspection line. One hen, Edwina, who hasn't   laid an egg all week, is snatched up by Mr. Tweedy, taken from   the yard and never seen again. It is sinisterly implied that   she lost her head and became the Tweedy's dinner. There situation brightens when an American flying rooster,   Rocky Rhodes (Mel Gibson), who escapes the circus, crash lands   in their yard. While the hens are overjoyed, Fowler, an old   rooster who had served in the RAF during the war as the mascot   of a bomber unit, considers this Yank an untrustworthy, unwelcomed   guest. "Pushy Americans, always showing up late for every war.   Overpaid, oversexed, and over here!" Ginger immediately tries to get Rocky Rhodes to help the chickens   learn to fly over the fence so they can escape. It becomes apparent   that Fowler may be right about Rocky's character. However, when   men arrive from the circus, and offer a reward for the return   of Rocky, Ginger has Rocky over a barrel. She only hid him after   he promises to help them. So with the help with the help of two scavenger rats, Fetcher   (Phil Daniels) and Nick (Timothy Spall), the chickens, under   Rocky's direction undergo a tr


When Walt Disney's seven dwarfs went off to work in the mines, what were they looking for?

Seven Dwarfs Mine Train | Walt Disney World Resort We are unable to update your Wish List item at this time. Seven Dwarfs Mine Train Must Transfer from Wheelchair/ECV Rider Switch Rider switch offered. More Information Beginning of tooltip content This attraction offers rider switch, which allows 2 or more adults to take turns waiting with children who are too small to ride, without the need to wait in line twice. Please ask a Cast Member at the attraction entrance for assistance. End of tooltip content Guest Policies Expectant mothers should not ride. Supervise children at all times. Children under age 7 years must be accompanied by a person age 14 years or older. Race through the diamond mine from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs on a swaying family coaster. Rock Around Like Never Before Whistle a cheery “Heigh-Ho” and relive some of the magic from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs aboard a speeding mine cart. Follow a winding path through the Enchanted Forest and make your way inside the rocky tunnel of an age-old mountain. Hop into a rustic mine train—hewn together with wood and metal bands—and wind your way up a steep hill. Fun, In Full Swing At the summit, feel the wind race across your face as your cart navigates hairpin turns around the mountain, through a verdant countryside and deep into a mine shaft—your cart teetering back and forth during the ride. Soon, the dark begins to sparkle as you happen upon a familiar site: the Seven Dwarfs hard at work, whistling and singing while collecting diamonds, rubies and other colorful jewels. Careen into the cavern and climb skyward through an opening to the outside world. At the top, soak up an inspiring view of Fantasyland before racing back down to the foot of the mountain. Moments later, pass behind a waterfall and peek inside a cozy cottage where Snow White and her Dwarf friends dance in merriment, just as your rocking ride comes to an end. Help Doc in the Interactive Queue Before embarking on your mine train adventure, wash and sort newly discovered jewels while you wait in line. Hands-on experiences—with notes prepared by Doc—include: Jewel Sorting As jewels float by in a wooden “touch-screen” trough, touch and drag them into a tray, based on size and shape. Jewel Washing After the jewels are sorted, grab ahold of a musical water spigot and start cleaning. Each spigot plays its own melody—heed Doc’s tips and you may hear a collection of familiar tunes! The Vault Beyond the door of the mountain, find a collection of wooden barrels overflowing with glowing stones. Turn each barrel to see the ceiling above you transformed! Hours 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM Map


In which year was the film studio Paramount opened? - thinkypedia.com In which year was the film studio Paramount opened? The Paramount Pictures film stodio is founded in 1912. See: http://www.paramount.com/paramount.php then click on History of Paramount.


James Earl Ray was responsible for who's death in 1968?

Martin Luther King Assassination Conspiracy Exposed in Memphis by Jim Douglass Judge Joe Brown , who had presided over two years of hearings on the rifle, testified that “ 67% of the bullets from my tests did not match the Ray rifle .” He added that the unfired bullets found wrapped with it in a blanket were metallurgically different from the bullet taken from King’s body , and therefore were from a different lot of ammunition. And because the rifle’s scope had not been sited, Brown said, “ this weapon literally could not have hit the broadside of a barn .” Holding up the 30.06 Remington 760 Gamemaster rifle, Judge Brown told the jury, “ It is my opinion that this is not the murder weapon .” Circuit Court Judge Arthur Hanes Jr . of Birmingham, Alabama, had been Ray’s attorney in 1968. (On the eve of his trial, Ray replaced Hanes and his father, Arthur Hanes Sr., by Percy Foreman, a decision Ray told the Haneses one week later was the biggest mistake of his life .) Hanes testified that in the summer of 1968 he interviewed Guy Canipe, owner of the Canipe Amusement Company. Canipe was a witness to the dropping in his doorway of a bundle that held a trove of James Earl Ray memorabilia, including the rifle, unfired bullets, and a radio with Ray’s prison identification number on it. This dropped bundle, heaven (or otherwise) sent for the State’s case against Ray, can be accepted as credible evidence through a willing suspension of disbelief. As Judge Hanes summarized the State’s lone-assassin theory (with reference to an exhibit depicting the scene), “James Earl Ray had fired the shot from the bathroom on that second floor, come down that hallway into his room and carefully packed that box, tied it up, then had proceeded across the walkway the length of the building to the back where that stair from that door came up, had come down the stairs out the door, placed the Browning box containing the rifle and the radio there in the Canipe entryway .” Then Ray presumably got in his car seconds before the police’s arrival, driving from downtown Memphis to Atlanta unchallenged in his white Mustang. Concerning his interview with the witness who was the cornerstone of this theory, Judge Hanes told the jury that Guy Canipe (now deceased) provided “terrific evidence”: “He said that the package was dropped in his doorway by a man headed south down Main Street on foot, and that this happened at about ten minutes before the shot was fired [emphasis added].” Hanes thought Canipe’s witnessing the bundle-dropping ten minutes before the shot was very credible for another reason. It so happened (as confirmed by Philip Melanson’s research) that at 6:00 p.m. one of the MPD tactical units that had been withdrawn earlier by Inspector Evans, TACT 10, had returned briefly to the area with its 16 officers for a rest break at Fire Station 2. Thus, as Hanes testified, with the firehouse brimming with police, some already watching King across the street, “when they saw Dr. King go down, the fire house erupted like a beehive . . . In addition to the time involved [in Ray’s presumed odyssey from the bathroom to the car], it was circumstantially almost impossible to believe that somebody had been able to throw that [rifle] down and leaave right in the face of that erupting fire station.” When I spoke with Judge Hanes after the trial about the startling evidence he had received from Canipe, he commented, “That’s what I’ve been saying for 30 years.” William Hamblin testified not about the rifle thrown down in the Canipe doorway but rather the smoking rifle Loyd Jowers said he received at his back door from Earl Clark right after the shooting. Hamblin recounted a story he was told many times by his friend James McCraw, who had died. James McCraw is already well-known to researchers as the taxi driver who arrived at the rooming house to pick up Charlie Stephens shortly before 6:00 p.m. on April 4. In a deposition read earlier to the jury, McCraw said he found Stephens in his room lying on his bed too drunk to get up, so McCraw turned out the li


Who created havoc in 1938, when his radio broadcast of The War Of The Worlds was believed to be true?

Welles scares nation - Oct 30, 1938 - HISTORY.com Welles scares nation Publisher A+E Networks Orson Welles causes a nationwide panic with his broadcast of “War of the Worlds”—a realistic radio dramatization of a Martian invasion of Earth. Orson Welles was only 23 years old when his Mercury Theater company decided to update H.G. Wells’ 19th-century science fiction novel War of the Worlds for national radio. Despite his age, Welles had been in radio for several years, most notably as the voice of “The Shadow” in the hit mystery program of the same name. “War of the Worlds” was not planned as a radio hoax, and Welles had little idea of the havoc it would cause. The show began on Sunday, October 30, at 8 p.m. A voice announced: “The Columbia Broadcasting System and its affiliated stations present Orson Welles and the Mercury Theater on the air in ‘War of the Worlds’ by H.G. Wells.” Sunday evening in 1938 was prime-time in the golden age of radio, and millions of Americans had their radios turned on. But most of these Americans were listening to ventriloquist Edgar Bergen and his dummy “Charlie McCarthy” on NBC and only turned to CBS at 8:12 p.m. after the comedy sketch ended and a little-known singer went on. By then, the story of the Martian invasion was well underway. Welles introduced his radio play with a spoken introduction, followed by an announcer reading a weather report. Then, seemingly abandoning the storyline, the announcer took listeners to “the Meridian Room in the Hotel Park Plaza in downtown New York, where you will be entertained by the music of Ramon Raquello and his orchestra.” Putrid dance music played for some time, and then the scare began. An announcer broke in to report that “Professor Farrell of the Mount Jenning Observatory” had detected explosions on the planet Mars. Then the dance music came back on, followed by another interruption in which listeners were informed that a large meteor had crashed into a farmer’s field in Grovers Mills, New Jersey. Soon, an announcer was at the crash site describing a Martian emerging from a large metallic cylinder. “Good heavens,” he declared, “something’s wriggling out of the shadow like a gray snake. Now here’s another and another one and another one. They look like tentacles to me … I can see the thing’s body now. It’s large, large as a bear. It glistens like wet leather. But that face, it… it … ladies and gentlemen, it’s indescribable. I can hardly force myself to keep looking at it, it’s so awful. The eyes are black and gleam like a serpent. The mouth is kind of V-shaped with saliva dripping from its rimless lips that seem to quiver and pulsate.” The Martians mounted walking war machines and fired “heat-ray” weapons at the puny humans gathered around the crash site. They annihilated a force of 7,000 National Guardsman, and after being attacked by artillery and bombers the Martians released a poisonous gas into the air. Soon “Martian cylinders” landed in Chicago and St. Louis. The radio play was extremely realistic, with Welles employing sophisticated sound effects and his actors doing an excellent job portraying terrified announcers and other characters. An announcer reported that widespread panic had broken out in the vicinity of the landing sites, with thousands desperately trying to flee. In fact, that was not far from the truth. Perhaps as many as a million radio listeners believed that a real Martian invasion was underway. Panic broke out across the country. In New Jersey, terrified civilians jammed highways seeking to escape the alien marauders. People begged police for gas masks to save them from the toxic gas and asked electric companies to turn off the power so that the Martians wouldn’t see their lights. One woman ran into an Indianapolis church where evening services were being held and yelled, “New York has been destroyed! It’s the end of the world! Go home and prepare to die!” When news of the real-life panic leaked into the CBS studio, Welles went on the air as himself to remind listeners that it was just fiction. There were rumors that the show


Which major British newspaper closed down for almost a year in 1978?

History of Newspapers by the NMA William Caxton sets up the first English printing press in Westminster. 1549 First known English newsletter: Requests of the Devonshyre and Cornyshe Rebelles. 1621 First titled newspaper, Corante, published in London. 1649 Cromwell suppressed all newsbooks on the eve of Charles I's execution. 1690 Worcester Postman launched. (In 1709 it starts regular publication as Berrow's Worcester Journal, considered to be the oldest surviving English newspaper). 1702 Launch of the first regular daily newspaper: The Daily Courant. 1709 First Copyright Act; Berrow's Worcester Journal, considered the oldest surviving English newspaper, started regular publication. 1712 First Stamp Act; advertisement, paper and stamp duties condemned as taxes on knowledge. Stamford Mercury believed to have been launched. 1717 The Kentish Post and Canterbury Newsletter launched. It took on its current name, Kentish Gazette, in 1768. 1718 Leeds Mercury started (later merged into Yorkshire Post). 1737 Belfast News Letter founded (world's oldest surviving daily newspaper). 1748 Aberdeen Journal began (Scotland's oldest newspaper - now the Press & Journal). 1772 Hampshire Chronicle launched, Hampshire's oldest paper. 1788 Daily Universal Register (est. 1785) became The Times. 1791 Harmsworth (then Northcliffe) bought The Observer. 1906 Newspaper Proprietors Association founded for national dailies. 1907 National Union of Journalists founded as a wage-earners union. 1915 Rothermere launched Sunday Pictorial (later Sunday Mirror). 1922 Death of Northcliffe. Control of Associated Newspapers passed to Rothermere. 1928 Northcliffe Newspapers set up as a subsidiary of Associated Newspapers. Provincial Newspapers set up as a subsidiary of United Newspapers. 1931 Audit Bureau of Circulations formed. 1936 Britain's first colour advertisement appears (in Glasgow's Daily Record). 1944 Iliffe took over BPM Holdings (including Birmingham Post). 1946 Guild of British Newspaper Editors formed (now the Society of Editors). 1953 General Council of the Press established. 1955 Month-long national press strike. Daily Record acquired by Mirror Group. 1959 Manchester Guardian becomes The Guardian. Six-week regional press printing strike. 1960 Photocomposition and web-offset printing progressively introduced. 1964 The Sun launched, replacing Daily Herald. Death of Beaverbrook. General Council of the Press reformed as the Press Council. 1969 Murdoch's News International acquired The Sun and News of the World. 1976 Nottingham Evening Post is Britain's first newspaper to start direct input by journalists. 1978 The Times and The Sunday Times ceased publication for 11 months. 1980 Association of Free Newspaper founded (folded 1991). Regional Newspaper Advertising Bureau formed. 1981 News International acquired The Times and the Sunday Times. 1983 Industrial dispute at Eddie Shah's Messenger group plant at Warrington. 1984 Mirror Group sold by Reed to Maxwell (Pergamon). First free daily newspaper, the (Birmingham) Daily News, launched by husband & wife team Chris & Pat Bullivant. 1986 News International moved titles to a new plant at Wapping. Eddie Shah launchedToday, first colour national daily launched. The Independent launched. 1987 News International took over Today. 1988 RNAB folded. Newspaper Society launched PressAd as its commercial arm. Thomson launched Scotland on Sunday and Sunday Life. 1989 Last Fleet Streetpaper produced by Sunday Express. 1990 First Calcutt report on Privacy and Related Matters. Launch of The European (by Maxwell) and Independent on Sunday. 1991 Press Complaints Commission replaced the Press Council. AFN folded. Death of Robert Maxwell (November). Management buy-out of Birmingham Post and sister titles. Midland Independent Newspapers established. 1992 Management buy-out by Caledonian Newspapers of Lonrho's Glasgow titles, The Herald and Evening Times. 1993 Guardian Media Group bought The Observer. UK News set up by Northcliffe and Westminster Press as rival news agency to the Press Association. Second Calcutt report into s


Who was the biggest selling female artist in America in the 1990s?

10 Best '90s Female Artists | Made Man Facebook Twitter Stumble Google+ Save Though there were many popular female artists in the 90's, only a select group could be considered the 10 best 90's female artists. The 90's saw an explosion of female artists on the music scene. This decade saw the rise of country crossover artists, growth of some of the biggest mainstream R&B stars and the start of the all-female musical festival, Lilith Fair. Mariah Carey. Mariah Carey broke onto the scene with her debut, self-titled album Mariah Carey, which went on to be the best-selling album of 1991. She eventually went on to be the top recording artist of the 90's thanks to hits like "Vision of Love," "Hero" and the remake of The Jackson Five's song "I'll Be There." Janet Jackson. Janet Jackson, sister of Michael Jackson, established her music career during the late 80's. However, she gained superstar status as a female artist in the 90's, thanks largely to her hit album Rhythm Nation 1814. Additional hit albums Janet and The Velvet Rope and a role in the movie Poetic Justice rounded out Janet's contribution to 90's pop culture. Celine Dion. Canadian import and one of the best-selling artists of the 90's, Celine Dion is probably most remembered for the song "My Heart Will Go On" from 1997's Titanic soundtrack. Her albums The Colour of My Love and Falling Into You helped cement her international fame. Shania Twain. Shania Twain released her debut, self-titled country album in 1993. Her wildly successful third album, Come on Over, in 1997 helped her become a huge crossover success, blurring the lines between pop and country music. Alanis Morissette. Alanis Morissette had a small pop music career in Canada before moving to Los Angeles and releasing her biggest album, Jagged Little Pill, which is the third best selling album by a female artist. The rage-filled song "You Oughta Know" has been rumored to be about her breakup with Full House star David Coulier. Faith Hill. Faith Hill, like Shania Twain, enjoyed crossover success as a country artist during the 90's. Faith Hill was already a country music star in the early 90s, but earned mainstream popularity in the late 90's with the songs "This Kiss" and "Breathe."  She is also married to country superstar Tim McGraw. Sheryl Crow. Sheryl Crow, once a backup singer for Michael Jackson, broke through with her debut album Tuesday Night Music Club. Some of her 90's hits include "All I Wanna Do," 'Everyday is a Winding Road" and "If it Makes You Happy." Tori Amos. Tori Amos was one of the best Indie music artists of the 90's. Starting with her 1992 album Little Earthquakes, the classically trained pianist injected raw emotion into her music and gained a cult following. She also released Under The Pink, Boys For Pele and From the Choirgirl Hotel in the 90's. Madonna. Though her big break came in the 1980's, Madonna had a streak of successful albums throughout the 90's. The early 90's albums Erotica and Bedtime Stories continued to play on her sexualized image. After the birth of her daughter and discovering Kabbalah in the late 90's, her spiritualism was reflected in the 1998 album Ray of Light. Jewel. Famous for making it big after leaving Alaska and living in a van while performing in cafes, Jewel's career took off with her 1995 album Pieces of You, which included her biggest hits "You Were Meant for Me", "Who Will Save Your Soul" and "Foolish Games." Jewel also published a book of poetry in 1998 titled A Night Without Armor, which capitalized on the height of her popularity. show comments


Which American President saw active service in both the first and second World Wars? View the step-by-step solution to: Which American President saw active service in both the first and second World Wars? This question was answered on Jun 04, 2016. View the Answer Which American President saw active service in both the first and second World Wars? AldenAgosto                                                   posted a question · Jun 04, 2016 at 6:42am Top Answer Here's the explanation you needed for... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29914844) ]} Prof.Rancho answered the question · Jun 04, 2016 at 6:43am Other Answers The answer to this question... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29914848) ]} {[ getNetScore(29914849) ]} Kid_Flower_Stork15 answered the question · Jun 04, 2016 at 6:44am he would be Dwight Eisenhower . After graduating from West Point in 1915,... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29914888) ]} What does this mean " Chinese restaurants started as a service for the bachelor communities of Chinese immigrants in isolated ranches, logging camps, mining Recently Asked Questions Need a World History tutor? jood.amc 4 World History experts found online! Average reply time is                       less than an hour Get Homework Help Why Join Course Hero? Course Hero has all the homework and study help you need to succeed! We’ve got course-specific notes, study guides, and practice tests along with expert tutors and customizable flashcards—available anywhere, anytime. - - Study Documents Find the best study resources around, tagged to your specific courses. Share your own to gain free Course Hero access or to earn money with our Marketplace. - Question & Answers Get one-on-one homework help from our expert tutors—available online 24/7. Ask your own questions or browse existing Q&A threads. Satisfaction guaranteed! - Flashcards Browse existing sets or create your own using our digital flashcard system. A simple yet effective studying tool to help you earn the grade that you want!


What nationality was painter Salvador Dali?

Salvador Dali Biography - Childhood, Life Achievements & Timeline Miscellaneous Salvador Dali Biography Salvador Dali was a Spanish painter who was an advocate of surrealism. Read this biography to know more about his life. Quick Facts Felipa Domenech FerrÃ©s Image Credit http://www.timmerdraget.org/salvador-dali.html Salvador Dali is popularly known as Dali. He is hugely popular around the world for creating a new genre in art â surrealism. Dali is known for his strange, right in the eye bizarre images. Dali got strongly influenced by thoughts, ideas and artworks of the Renaissance period. Dali was eccentric by nature and he drew attention of his critics who remained mostly irritated by his weird antics and outrageous behaviour and public actions. Dali was passionate about style, statement making and luxury. There have been several films, sculptures and photography exhibitions carried pout by Dali in collaboration with other artists. Dali was an excellent draftsman who produced skilled technical drawings. Dali gave many art lectures around Europe. But his fame was greatly popular in the USA. Daliâs most famous paintings include âThe Metamorphosis of Narcissusâ, âLandscape Near Figuerasâ, âDream Caused by the Flight of a Bee Around a Pomegranate a Second Before Awakeningâ and âThe Great Masturbatorâ which are some of his greatest symbolic art representations. Besides painting Dali indulged in writing and produced some great literary works like âThe Secret Life of Salvador DalÃâ, âDiary of a Geniusâ and âOui: The Paranoid-Critical Revolutionâ. Dali created great many lithographs, etchings and graphic arts. Dali was a self proclaimed genius who is referred for his paintings even in the modern times. Salvador Dali Childhood Dali was born as Salvador Doménec Felip Jacint Dalí i Domènech on 11 May 1904 in Figueres town which was located closely to the French border in Catalonia, Spain. Salavador Dali was born to father Salvador Dalí i Cusí, a middle-class lawyer and notary and mother Felipa Domenech Ferrés who had encouraged Dali greatly in his artistic pursuits. At the age of 5, Dali was taken to his brother’s grave and told by his parents that he was a reincarnated image of his brother’s which Dali soon started believing.   Dali went to a drawing school. In 1916 Dali made a summer trip to Cadaqués with the family of Ramon Pichot, a local artist who made regular trips to Paris, and was greatly inspired by modern painting. In 1917 Dali’s father organized an exhibition that featured Dali’s charcoal drawings and the show was held in their family home. It was not before 1919 that Dali held his very first public art exhibition at the Municipal Theater in Figueres. Dali was 16 years old when he lost his mother in February 1921 when she died after suffering from breast cancer. In his later years Dali had expressed his grief saying his mother’s death, “was the greatest blow I had experienced in my life. I worshipped her... I could not resign myself to the loss of a being on whom I counted to make invisible the unavoidable blemishes of my soul”. With Dali’s mother dead his father married his deceased wife's sister. Dali was not against this marriage as he loved and respected his aunt very much.   Life in Madrid and Paris In 1922 Dali shifted into the Residencia de Estudiantes (Students' Residence) in Madrid to pursue his studies at the Academia de San Fernando (School of Fine Arts). Dali soon got much attention for his outrageously fashionable dressing sense and his eccentric behaviour. In his college He was known to wear long hair with sideburns, coat, stockings, and knee breeches in English style of the late 19th century. While staying at the Students’ residence Dali became friends with Pepín Bello, Luis Buñuel, and Federico García Lorca. Dali shared a closer friendship with Lorca who had made sexual advances on Dali which the latter soon rejected.   Dali got maximum attention from his fellow classmates for his paintings that mostly concentrated on Cubism art form. Dali had no direct contact with a


The name Wendy was first made up in which famous book?

The Straight Dope: Was the name Wendy invented for the book "Peter Pan"? A Staff Report from the Straight Dope Science Advisory Board Was the name Wendy invented for the book "Peter Pan"? December 17, 2002 Dear Straight Dope: Here's a rumor (and by rumor I mean one of those E-mail-lore things): The name Wendy was made-up for the book Peter Pan. As I have a friend so named, is this true? — Craig Cormier One simple click here shows us that the name Wendy was invented in 1973 for the "Superfriends" cartoon on ABC, the name Marvin having been previously invented by Mel Blanc in the 50s for a series of Bugs Bunny cartoons. Next question? All kidding aside, J. M. Barrie did not invent the name Wendy for his 1904 play Peter Pan, the Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up (the book form of the story, Peter and Wendy, was published in 1911). He did popularize it, though. Barrie apparently was inspired to use the name by a young friend named Margaret Henley, the daughter of writer William Henley. Margaret, who died around 1895 at age 6, called Barrie her "friendy." Since she couldn't pronounce her Rs at the time, the word came out "fwendy," or "fwendy-wendy," in some versions of the story.   But we have absolute proof that there were earlier Wendys, thanks to the just-released 1880 U.S. Census and the 1881 British Census (available here ). These documents show that the name Wendy, while not common, was indeed used in both the U.S. and Great Britain throughout the 1800s. I had no trouble finding twenty females with the first name Wendy in the United States, the earliest being Wendy Gram of Ohio (born in 1828). If you include such spelling variations as Windy, Wendi, Wenda, and Wandy the number triples. As to the origins of said name, websites here and here make the claim that Wendy is a derivative of the name Gwendolen or maybe Gwendolyn. Looking further, I chanced upon World Wide Wendy , a site dedicated to, well, all things Wendy. On this site, Doctor of Folklore Leslie Ellen Jones discusses the possible Welsh origins of the name Gwendolyn and its derivative Wendy. In both the English and U.S. Census, however, the name Wendy is also used as a male first name, so I suspect further research may be required. Of course, if you go back a few centuries and head east a mite, we have the Chinese emperor Wendi of the Sui dynasty (541-604), and before that the Great Emperor Wendi of the Han dynasty (179 BC-157 BC). But that's stretching it a bit far, don'tcha think? Further reference:


What 1948 novel was originally going to be called The Last Man in Europe?

How Did Orwell’s 1984 Get Its Name? Strength Training For Body And Mind How Did Orwell’s 1984 Get Its Name? by Josh Hanagarne on May 18, 2011 The Manuscript for 1984 Many of the posts I write result from questions library patrons ask while I am at work. A couple of months ago someone asked how George Orwell’s greatest (and last) novel 1984, or Nineteen Eighty Four got it’s name. I assumed that it was because the date held some significance for the author, or was chosen because it was a specific point in the future. The Modern Scholar lectures on The World of George Orwell give this explanation for the book that was originally going to be called The Last Man In Europe. The majority of the work on the book was done in the year 1948. On behalf of a more concise, evocative title, Orwell and his publisher inverted the last two numbers of that year, changing the title to 1984. The major consideration was that if the title were to be a date, the date be in the future. Apparently how far or near in the future wasn’t of much concern. If you are looking for an accessible introduction to George Orwell and his writing I recommend the Modern Scholar lectures. If you are interested in reading his essays, correspondence, and journalism I recommend: An Age Like This: 1920-1940 My Country, Right Or Left: 1940-1943 As I Please: 1943-1945 In Front of Your Nose: 1945-1950 Josh


Which famous novel was based on the real-life exploits of Alexander Selkirk?

Trapped on a Pacific Island: Scientists Research the Real Robinson Crusoe - SPIEGEL ONLINE Trapped on a Pacific Island: Scientists Research the Real Robinson Crusoe Trapped on a Pacific Island Scientists Research the Real Robinson Crusoe Generations of children have been spellbound by Robinson Crusoe's exploits, but few are aware of the real-life figure who inspired the classic. Now, 300 years after he left his island prison, scientists have pieced together how the real Crusoe managed to survive. By Marco Evers Feedback What was it he had seen? A fire burning on an uninhabited island in the South Pacific? The next day, the captain of the Duke, an English buccaneer ship, sent an armed party to the island to investigate. When the men returned to the ship, they brought along two surprises: large numbers of spiny lobsters and a shaggy creature. The figure that climbed on board the Duke on Feb. 2, 1709 was apparently human, but wild as an animal, barefoot and covered in goatskin. The creature, extremely agitated, was only able to stammer a few barely comprehensible words at first, but they were enough to become immortal. In his novel, first published in 1719, Daniel Defoe named the islander "Robinson Crusoe." But the real Robinson was a man named Alexander Selkirk. He was a Scotsman, the seventh son of a shoemaker from the village of Lower Largo, near Edinburgh. He had spent four years and four months on Más a Tierra, a windswept island in the Juan Fernandez archipelago, 650 kilometers (404 miles) off the coast of Chile. He was as alone as a human being can be. For Selkirk, there was no "Man Friday," a character Defoe created for his novel. Unlike his literary equivalent, Selkirk was also not shipwrecked. Instead his captain had simply left him stranded after a longstanding quarrel. He must have looked on in disbelief as his ship sailed away over the horizon. Among the few items he had been left were some articles of clothing, a knife, an axe, a gun, navigation devices, a cooking pot, tobacco and a bible. On the 300th anniversary of his return to human society, scientists can now paint a clear picture of Selkirk's island existence. They believe that they now know how and where he lived, partly through some of his personal effects that have now been discovered. His life after being rescued can also be reconstructed, providing a portrait of the real Robinson that is not always flattering -- and yet typical of the type of rogue who took to the seas in those days. Selkirk the sailor was a pirate, a drinker and a short-tempered ruffian. Born into a troubled family, he fled to sea when he was barely 17. Working on privateer ships in the Mediterranean and Caribbean, he robbed Spaniards and Frenchmen. Although he was not unintelligent, even working his way up to the position of navigator, his temperament was precarious. Selkirk had apparently always had trouble getting along with other people, which was perhaps precisely why he endured his solitary confinement on the island so successfully. From the Magazine Find out how you can reprint this DER SPIEGEL article in your publication. David Caldwell, 57, is an archeologist at the Scottish National Museum in Edinburgh. Ordinarily, his field is Scottish history, which he usually studies from the comfort of his office. But when Daisuke Takahashi, a Japanese Robinson Crusoe fanatic, asked Caldwell to travel with him to the castaway's island, it was an offer he couldn't resist. Enthusiast Takahashi had obtained funding for his expedition from the National Geographic Society, but he needed a real academic as his partner. Caldwell was certainly qualified. Two of the better Selkirk relics are in his museum's collection: a drinking vessel that the pirate may have carved himself, and a sea chest of northern Italian origin, which Caldwell believes Selkirk captured in the Mediterranean. The men spent more than a month on the island, which was officially renamed Robinson Crusoe Island in 1966. It is still a quiet place, home to about 600 people today, most of them spiny lobster fishermen. It has two


Which of Shakespeare's plays has a title which is also a proverb?

Shakespeare's Plays   Shakespeare's Plays Before the publication of the First Folio in 1623, nineteen of the thirty-seven plays in Shakespeare's canon had appeared in quarto format. With the exception of Othello (1622), all of the quartos were published prior to the date of Shakespeare's retirement from the theatre in about 1611. It is unlikely that Shakespeare was involved directly with the printing of any of his plays, although it should be noted that two of his poems, Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece were almost certainly printed under his direct supervision. Here you will find the complete text of Shakespeare's plays, based primarily on the First Folio, and a variety of helpful resources, including extensive explanatory notes, character analysis, source information, and articles and book excerpts on a wide range of topics unique to each drama. Tragedies The story of Mark Antony, Roman military leader and triumvir, who is madly in love with Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt. Earliest known text: First Folio (1623).   Coriolanus (1607-1608) The last of Shakespeare's great political tragedies, chronicling the life of the mighty warrior Caius Marcius Coriolanus. Earliest known text: First Folio (1623).   Hamlet (1600-1601) Since its first recorded production, Hamlet has engrossed playgoers, thrilled readers, and challenged actors more so than any other play in the Western canon. No other single work of fiction has produced more commonly used expressions . Earliest known text: Quarto (1603). Although there were earlier Elizabethan plays on the subject of Julius Caesar and his turbulent rule, Shakespeare's penetrating study of political life in ancient Rome is the only version to recount the demise of Brutus and the other conspirators. Earliest known text: First Folio (1623). The story of King Lear, an aging monarch who decides to divide his kingdom amongst his three daughters, according to which one recites the best declaration of love. Earliest known text: Quarto (1608).   Macbeth (1605-1606) Macbeth is one of Shakespeare's most stimulating and popular dramas. Renaissance records of Shakespeare's plays in performance are scarce, but a detailed account of an original production of Macbeth has survived, thanks to Dr. Simon Forman . Earliest known text: First Folio (1623).   Othello (1604-1605) Othello, a valiant Moorish general in the service of Venice, falls prey to the devious schemes of his false friend, Iago. Earliest known text: Quarto (1622). Celebrated for the radiance of its lyric poetry, Romeo and Juliet was tremendously popular from its first performance. The sweet whispers shared by young Tudor lovers throughout the realm were often referred to as "naught but pure Romeo and Juliet." Earliest known text: Quarto (1597). Written late in Shakespeare's career, Timon of Athens is criticized as an underdeveloped tragedy, likely co-written by George Wilkins or Cyril Tourneur. Read the play and see if you agree. Earliest known text: First Folio (1623).   Titus Andronicus (1593-1594) A sordid tale of revenge and political turmoil, overflowing with bloodshed and unthinkable brutality. The play was not printed with Shakespeare credited as author during his lifetime, and critics are divided between whether it is the product of another dramatist or simply Shakespeare's first attempt at the genre. Earliest known text: Quarto (1594). Histories One of Shakespeare's most popular plays, featuring the opportunistic miscreant, Sir John Falstaff. Earliest known text: Quarto (1598). This is the third play in the second tetralogy of history plays, along with Richard II, Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry V. Earliest known text: Quarto (1600). Henry V is the last in the second tetralogy sequence. King Henry is considered Shakespeare's ideal monarch. Earliest known text: Quarto (1600). The first in Shakespeare's trilogy about the War of the Roses between the houses of Lancaster and York. Earliest known text: First Folio (1623). Part two of Shakespeare's chronicle play. Based on Hall's work, the play contains some historical inaccuracies. Earli


What were the christian names of the three Bronte sisters?

'The Brontë Cabinet' sets the three fabled sisters in context - CSMonitor.com 'The Brontë Cabinet' sets the three fabled sisters in context Latest News Three Lives in Nine Objects By Deborah Lutz View Caption of Gentle reader, beware: The Brontë Cabinet is no ordinary biography. Anyone wanting direct narration of the Brontë sisters’ lives should look elsewhere. Those who do read this book will follow the Brontës but will also be redirected into shadowy spaces where bodies have left stains, feet have passed, and locks of hair have been hoarded. In these pursuits, Deborah Lutz is a bit like a 19th-century medium gathering the objects of the dead at a séance. She gathers and interprets the objects, actions, and landscapes that inflected a family of authors, of women, of nineteenth-century thinkers. Her auguries turn on things as varied as potato peelings, dog collars, albums, sewing boxes, and hiking trails. She investigates the places where objects provoke an almost physical sense of encounter. She reads things to see what they might tell her about life and about literature. This is to say, she leaps between objects and disciplines to craft an unusual cultural history – not just about a family of authors but about reading itself. This is a rich pursuit, and not unsurprisingly, Lutz’s first chapter is about books themselves: Lutz offers a close reading of how the Brontës (and early Victorians generally) used and treasured them, how they valued, touched, wrote in, and stored leaves and letters in their volumes. Because the Brontë sisters were born in an era when all paper was extremely dear, Lutz explores what it meant for them to hoard paper and use books in play. Recommended: How much do you know about women's literature? During the 1820s the Brontë sisters (Anne, Charlotte, and Emily, possibly occasionally aided by their brother, Branwell), began producing literally hundreds of miniature books, some including watercolor illustrations, many with a private handwriting that was too small for adults to read. Lutz suggests what these objects might have meant to budding writers: “Minuscule books initially fit well with their child bodies, as if the books were emanations of those undersized fingertips and palms. Or little worlds for small bodies to climb into, open sesame.” Photos of the Day Photos of the day 01/19 Lutz reads this close-held bodily magic not only through its productions in an early-19th-century childhood but also off the cultural position of paper in the surrounding society. She writes that “the closeness of body and book was an ordinary feature of daily life in the nineteenth century, a relationship no longer obvious today.... Through a long chain of recycling, clothes that kept limbs covered became reading matter. Printed paper was then reused to line cupboards and pie plates ... and [as] toilet paper.” Lutz argues that the life stages of books intertwined them “with fleshly parts other than eyes.” Being near paper was like being near bodies and their functions – ingestion, digestion – and paper and books could hold traces of each body’s unique presence. This worldview makes it into written texts themselves: For instance, in Charlotte Brontë’s "Villette", Paulina feels an almost dangerous physical intimacy with a man she hasn’t seen for decades, simply by opening one of his books. In her next chapter, Lutz enters another daily world, one of housework and embroidery, again asking what it might tell us about the makings of literature. Sewing was, she reminds us, what many hours of any woman’s life were made of, whether or not that woman was scribbling out timeless literature on the side. Writing and sewing often became proxies for each other: The Brontës often wrote letters about the large amount of sewing they had to do. Conversely, when the Brontës did find a moment to write, they often found themselves called away by the appearance of needing to attend to household chores, especially in a time when “it was not thought proper for young ladies to study very conspicuously.” One remembers that, like the Brontë si


Fun Lovin' Criminals' hit Love Unlimited is a tribute to which singer?

Fun Lovin' Criminals | The List Fun Lovin' Criminals Website: www.funlovincriminals.tv Fun Lovin' Criminals may be past their creative peak but always find an eager crowd, keen to bellow along to the hits. Jump to times or comments The Fun Lovin' Criminals (often referred to by their acronym, FLC) is an American alternative hip-hop/alternative rock group from New York City. Their musical style is primarily eclectic, covering styles such as hip-hop, rock, funk, blues and jazz. Their songs often deal with life in New York City, as well as urban life in general. As a band, they cover such issues as organised crime, recreational drug use, violence, poverty and politics. Their songs are often gritty or existentialist in nature, but are just as often humourous or satirical. They are best known for their hit Scooby Snacks, which features samples from films by Quentin Tarantino, as well as the song Love Unlimited, which serves as a comical tribute to Barry White (and shares its name with White's backing vocal group). The band gained a large following internationally, notably in north-west Europe, around the release of their first two albums in the late Nineties. Text supplied by third party. Performance times


Richard Starkey is the real name of which famous musician?

Birth Name, Birth Names, Celebrities, Celebrity, Famous, Hip-Hop, Music, Musician, Musicians, Original Name, Original Names, Pop, Rap, Rapper, Rappers, Real Name, Real Names, Retro, Rock, Singer, Singers, Stage Name, Stage Names, Star, Stars, Thelaststraw Famous Musicians: Do you know their Real Names? You know them by their stage names, but what are the real names of Iggy Azalea, Ringo Starr, and Skrillex? Created by Translated by TheLastStraw on August 10, 2014 Original Article by


What famous heavy metal band is named after a medieval torture device?

Iron Maiden | Rolling Stone artists > I > Iron Maiden >           Bio Iron Maiden Bio Taking its name from the medieval torture device, Iron Maiden was part of England's late-Seventies crop of heavy-metal bands that boasted simple guitar riffs, bone-crunching chords and shrieking vocals. Formed in 1976 by bassist Steve Harris (b. March 12, 1957, London) and guitarist Dave Murray (b. Dec. 23, 1958, London), Iron Maiden has had a revolving-door lineup of musicians. The first incarnation of the band was inspired by the do-it-yourself punk ethos, and the group released an EP, The Soundhouse Tapes, on its own label, Rock Hard Records. Iron Maiden, the band's 1980 debut album for major label Capitol Records, was pure, unadulterated, screaming heavy metal. It reached the Top Five in Britain; the following year's Killers went to Number 12. America was slower to embrace the denim- and leather-clad group, which distinguished itself from its peers with unusually literate songs (written by Harris) full of hellish imagery (the melting faces in "Children of the Damned"), with themes borrowed from films ("The Number of the Beast," inspired by The Omen II) and ancient mythology ("Flight of Icarus"). Iron Maiden was one of the few bands of any genre to employ a mascot, a ten-foot rotting corpse named Eddie. The Number of the Beast, featuring new vocalist Bruce Dickinson (b. Paul Bruce Dickinson, Aug. 7, 1958, Worksop, Eng.), topped the album chart in Britain and initiated a streak of seven consecutive platinum or gold albums in the United States, despite virtually no radio or MTV exposure. The followup, 1983's Piece of Mind, reached Number 14 on Billboard's Pop Albums chart, and 1984's Powerslave went to Number 21 on the Billboard 200. By then, Iron Maiden were superstars of heavy metal and remained in the Top 25 of Billboard's dominant album chart for several subsequent releases: Live After Death (Number 22, 1985), Somewhere In Time (Number 23, 1987), Seventh Son of a Seventh Son (Number 12, 1988), No Prayer for the Dying (Number 17, 1990), Fear of the Dark (Number 12, 1992). No Prayer for the Dying was Maiden's last studio album to go gold in the U.S.; it contained "Bring Your Daughter to the Slaughter," a song originally recorded by Dickinson alone for the Nightmare on Elm Street, Part 5 soundtrack. Dickinson's solo version went to Number One in the U.K. Guitarist Adrian Smith (b. Feb. 27, 1957, London), who had joined in 1980, left in 1990 to form A.S.A.P. with drummer Zak Starkey, son of Ringo Starr. Janick Gers replaced Smith. Dickinson left in 1993, replaced by Blaze Bayley. Iron Maiden weathered its numerous personnel changes without a hitch, continuing to put out albums (three live discs as well as 1995's The X Factor and 1998's Virtual XI), although they weren't as successful as the band's earlier releases. Dickinson – who became a top-rated fencer and swordsman, a published novelist (The Adventures of Lord Iffy Boatrace) and solo singer – reunited with the band in 1999, as did Smith. The revived, Dickinson-fronted Maiden went on to have a second successful career, releasing another string of charting albums including Brave New World (Number 39, 2000), Dance of Death (Number 18, 2003) and A Matter of Life and Death (Number 9, 2006). The group's three-disc greatest-hits album of 1999, Ed Hunter, spawned a namesake Maiden video game. This biography originally appeared in The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll (Simon & Schuster, 2001).