In which country is Raciborz, which emtereed a twinning agreement with Wrexham County Borough Council in 2002 ?

��ࡱ�>�� *4����)�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������q �4*bjbjt+t+  @AA;%�������]VVVV��� 4V�^tttt=6s� DVFVFVFVFVFVFV$5W�)YPjV���@=��jV VVtt�^   �pVlt�tDVVVVV�DV � �F�R�,�DVtB ��n^ �  �UT EMBED Word.Picture.8            1. PURPOSE OF THE REPORT To provide Members with the annual update on twinning activity. 2. INFORMATION 2.1 The original Twinning was established on 17th March 1970 between the former Kreis Iserlohn and Wrexham Rural District. Its early success ensured that, after local government reorganisation in both countries in the mid-seventies, the Twinning was taken over by the new Councils of M�rkischer Kreis and Wrexham Maelor Borough Council and, in 1996, by Wrexham County Borough Council. 2.2 Well over 26,000 visits have taken place over the years with over 40 different groups being involved. The Twinning has been awarded the European Flag of Honour and the European Plaque of honour for its contribution to European understanding. Apart from official visits and exchanges between clubs there have been countless private visits and friendships and even four weddings. 2.3 The Twinning had mainly been one of cultural and sporting exchanges, with exchanges between choirs, schools, sports clubs etc.. In recent years, however, it has seen several new initiatives such as students and pupils on work placements in their partner county, the exchange of exhibitions and exciting joint projects such as the Welsh-German Youth Orchestra.  2.4 The Executive Board in 2003 adopted revised objectives for twinning, namely:- To foster friendship and mutual understanding between the County Borough and identified areas in the European Community with the specific but not exclusive aims of:- identifying projects of mutual interest and benefit; enabling exchanges of experiences between organisations (in the health, statutory and voluntary sectors etc); developing joint submissions for E.C. funding support; encouraging contact and understanding especially between young people; fostering opportunities and facilitating links leading to economic development activities; organising sporting and cultural exchange programmes; Consideration of any areas for twinning should be based on the relevance to the above aims and on a readily identifiable link to the County Borough. 2.5 Recent activities and exchanges between Wrexham and M�rkischer Kreis have included the following:-  - Youth Project - 8 youngsters from MK visited Wrexham in October 2004 as a pilot visit for youth exchanges potentially to be funded by the EU. The group had information exchange meetings with Yale College students at which they discussed the future impact and programme for twinning for young people. M�rkischer Kreis Twinni


Which mountain range forms an arc that stretches from the Czech Republic inj the northwest to the border of Romania and Serbia in the south ?

Europe Mountains Flashcards is a geopolitical region at the border of Europe and Asia Term Carpathians Definition The chain of mountain ranges stretches in an arc from the Czech Republic (3%) in the northwest to Slovakia (17%), Poland (10%), Hungary (4%), Ukraine (11%), Romania (53%) in the east, to the Iron Gates on the River Danube between Romania and Serbia (2%) in the south Supporting users have an ad free experience!


Ljubljana is the capital of which European country ?

Ljubljana Photo Essay: The Prettiest Capital in Europe Ljubljana Photo Essay: The Prettiest Capital in Europe 25 We were instantly charmed by Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia , and one of the smallest and prettiest capital cities in Europe. It’s like something out of a fairytale with its picture-perfect old town of pastel coloured baroque and art nouveau buildings, tree-lined river, and medieval castle perched on a hill. The city is compact and laid-back, with what feels like more bikes than cars, a youthful artsy population, and delicious food. It felt like a city we could live in for a while. Prešernov Trg, the circular main square in Ljubljana The river is the heart of the city. Weeping willows droop into the emerald water, pink, peach, and pistachio houses line the banks, and street musicians play lively Balkan tunes. Cafes spill out onto the cobblestoned pavement by the water—the perfect place for strolling, coffee drinking, gelato licking, or perhaps taking a nap. For such a prime location the cafes are surprisingly affordable. Street musicians by the Triple Bridge, Ljubljana Every bridge is different—the ferocious green dragons of Dragon Bridge, the six pairs of pillars at Shoemaker’s Bridge, and the hub of Triple Bridge which connects the modern city and the old town. Dragon Bridge Love padlocks on Butcher’s Bridge. Couples lock them here to symbolise their eternal love. Shoemaker’s Bridge with random hanging shoes and the castle turret in the background One of Ljubljana’s quirky details—random shoes thrown over a wire by the Shoemaker’s Bridge, no one quite knows why. From the riverbank you can delve down side streets and discover little plazas or wander into the medieval centre down Mestni and Stari Trg, a pedestrian street parallel to the river. Here you’ll find more cobblestones, elegant baroque buildings turned into boutiques, chocolate shops, cafes, and restaurants. There are a few souvenir shops but the city doesn’t feel touristy, and we never saw any tour groups, impressive for a European capital. The Robba fountain in Mestni Trg The Ljubljana Door, a side door to the Cathedral with portraits of the city’s bishops We visited the Central Market on our Ljubljananjam food walk . Inside you’ll find piles of dried fruit and nuts, grains, cheese, meat, bread, and Slovenian specialities like pumpkin seed oil. Outside tables overflow with local fresh fruit and vegetables. On Friday mornings there’s also the Open Kitchen with food stalls serving hot meals. Produce at the Central Market Near the market we saw our first milk vending machine. These are stocked with fresh raw milk every day and you can bring your own container or buy one of the bottles from the machine and fill it up with as much milk as you like for €0.10 per 100ml. Milk vending machine All the food we ate in Ljubljana was delicious—fava bean soup with homemade buckwheat bread on our food walk, good value salad and quiches at veggie friendly Bazilika, mango gelato from Fetiche along the river, and a gourmet multi-course meal at Valvas’or. Zucchini carpaccio with figs and local cheese at Valvas’or Ljubljana’s old town is gorgeous but it’s worth exploring further afield to experience the alternative vibe of this student city. In just five minutes walk you’ll leave the tourists behind and discover urban gardens, parks, funky cafes, art galleries, and hole in the wall local restaurants. Skate shop entrance in Ljubljana Ljubljana is one of our new favourite cities. It’s not the place to come for major sightseeing but it’s a beautiful, relaxed city and the perfect place to wander, people-watch in cafes, and soak up the atmosphere. Note: Ljubljana is pronounced “lyoob-lyAH-nah” and yes, I had to look it up on Youtube before our visit! Thanks to Spirit Slovenia , the country’s tourist board who provided our accommodation in Ljubljana and our meal at Valva’sor. Are you planning a trip in 2017? See our Gear and Resources page for our favourite tools to help you plan the perfect trip.  Share:


Which colour is on the left of the three colours on the flag of Italy ?

Italian Flag: What the Colors Mean & A Little History – Italy Travel Guide  in About Italy  tagged About Italy / history / italian history by Jessica As a schoolkid in the United States, I distinctly remember learning precisely what all the symbolism of the U.S. flag meant – the stripes, the stars, and the colors. But for some reason, it didn’t occur to me until recently that there was probably similar meaning behind the design and the colors of the Italian flag. So, like a schoolkid once again, I did my homework – and here’s my report. (Plus a shiny apple for the teacher, just cuz I’m that kind of teacher’s pet.) Italian Flag of Today The current Italian flag consists of three equal vertical bands of color – green, white, and red – with the green being the one on the hoist side. This kind of flag is known as a “tricolor” design, the same kind of design the French flag and Irish flag have. In Italian the flag is known as Il Tricolore (tree|koh|LOHR|eh) because of this, in much the same way that the American flag is commonly known as the “stars and stripes.” The modern flag of Italy wasn’t made the country’s official flag until 1948, but the three colors in the flag have been in use since the late 1700s representing the various city-states and kingdoms that made up the country we know as Italy today. What do the colors on the Italian flag mean? Unfortunately, the answer to this question isn’t as simple as you’d want it to be. There are poetic meanings assigned to the colors of Italy’s flag, but they were only associated with the flag after the fact – the flag wasn’t given its colors with those meanings in mind. You’ll read that the colors represent hope (green), faith (white), and charity (red); or that the green is for the hills, the white is for the mountains, and the red for the bloody wars for independence. Rather than poetry, however, it’s the historical merging of governments that we have to thank for the meanings behind the three colors of the Italy flag. As you’ll read below, the first tricolor flag used the colors green, white, and red in order to incorporate the flags and uniforms of regional governments. The flag of Milan, a white flag with a red cross on it, was the flag of the city’s patron saint (St. Ambrose). The red and white colors were combined with the green color of a regional military uniform in a flag to represent a republic in northern Italy, and the rest – as they say – is history. History of the Italian Flag The first use of a green/white/red tricolor design for a flag in what is now Italy was in 1796 when it represented a republic in the north. The red and white came from the flag of Milan, and the green from the color of the region’s military. Within a year, that republic had merged with another – and the tricolor design would be abandoned and re-adopted over the years – but the three colors used would remain. Looking over all of the flags that have flown over Italy is a bit like looking at a quilt. From the early tricolor of the late 1790s to the square-and-diamond designs of the Napoleonic era, to the re-emergence of the tricolor bands (with ever-changing coats of arms of the whoever was in power in the center) after the fall of Napoleon – the flags of Italy tell the story of the country’s chaotic history. All you need to know about Italian history is that the country wasn’t unified until 1861 (and even then it was only done begrudgingly) and didn’t become a republic until 1946, and then it becomes easy to understand why the flags seem so unstable. It’s because the country was unstable! DOWNLOAD OUR TRAVEL GUIDES


Which former Yugoslav state will become the 28th member of the European Union on July 1st this year ?

Croatia celebrates on joining EU - BBC News BBC News Croatia celebrates on joining EU 1 July 2013 Close share panel Media captionMost Croatians have supported accession to the EU Croatia has become the 28th member of the European Union, with crowds joining celebrations in the capital Zagreb. Fireworks lit the sky as membership became effective at midnight (22:00 GMT), with President Ivo Josipovic describing the event as historic. It comes almost two decades after Croatia's brutal war of independence. But correspondents say enthusiasm for the EU in the country has been dampened by the eurozone crisis, and Croatia's own economic problems. Analysis By Guy DelauneyBBC News, Zagreb Thousands of people were in Zagreb's main square for the accession ceremony. They enjoyed performances ranging from traditional dance to hip hop - culminating in a stirring rendition of the EU anthem Ode To Joy at midnight, as Croatia officially became the 28th member state. But the square was not as packed as it might have been, had accession taken place a few years ago. Economic crises at home and within the EU have made many Croatians ambivalent about membership. Some said the plight of their fellow Balkan country - and now fellow EU member - Bulgaria made them worried about what might happen to Croatia. Others said the accession process had taken so long - almost a decade - that they no longer cared. But other Croatians were more enthusiastic - especially those whose lives or businesses involve crossing borders. For them, EU membership should reduce paperwork and hassle - reason enough to celebrate. 'New chapter' Celebrations took place in the central square of Zagreb, with fireworks and music including Beethoven's Ode to Joy, the European anthem. "Welcome to the European Union!" European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso said in Croatian to the cheering crowd. President Josipovic said it was "a great and joyful day for our homeland". "This the day when we open a new chapter in the thick book of our history," he added. Earlier he told a meeting of EU and regional leaders: "The accession of Croatia to the European Union is confirmation that each one of us belongs to the European democratic and cultural set of values." Croatian officials then unveiled EU signs and removed customs posts at the borders with Slovenia, the first former Yugoslav republic to have joined the bloc, and with Hungary. Croatia is the first new EU member since Bulgaria and Romania joined in 2007. It is 10 years since it applied. Croatia's split from Yugoslavia triggered a 1991-1995 war to secure its independence. But with one in five unemployed and Croatia's national debt officially classed as junk, some Croatians feel joining an economic bloc with its own serious troubles will do little to improve their prospects. "Just look what's happening in Greece and Spain! Is this where we're headed?" asked pensioner Pavao Brkanovic in a market in the capital. "You need illusions to be joyful, but the illusions have long gone," he told Reuters news agency. Long-term view Concerns about Croatian corruption and organised crime remain among some EU leaders, and Croatia will not yet join the single currency or the free-movement Schengen zone, where most EU citizens are not subject to passport checks. Croatia in figures Population: 4.4 million (UN, 2012) Capital: Zagreb Area: 56,594 sq km (21,851 sq miles) GNI per capita: €10,389 (World Bank, 2011) But advocates of EU membership say despite this, their case remains a persuasive one. Two-thirds of Croatians voted in favour of accession last year. "It's important for us primarily for the long term guarantees of political stability and then everything else - the single market too," Croatia's First Deputy Prime Minister, Vesna Pusic, told the BBC. The EU itself has given Croatia a clean bill of health - and praised reforms which improve the rule of law and tackle corruption. It hopes the other countries of the former Yugoslavia will be encouraged to join - and secure long-term peace for an historically turbulent region, reports the BBC'


At 1,038 km long and emptying into the Atlantic Ocean at Lisbon, which is the longest river on the Iberian peninsula ?

The Tagus River - WorldAtlas.com The Tagus River The longest river of the Iberian Peninsula extends for 650 miles through Spain and Portugal. The Tagus River flowing through Lisbon, Portugal at night, shortly before emptying into the Atlantic Ocean. 5. Description The longest river of the Iberian Peninsula, the 1,038-kilometer long Tagus River arises in the Sierra de Albarracín of eastern Spain and flows westward across Spain past Teruel, Meseta, and Toledo to form parts of the Spanish-Portuguese border. The Tagus then enters into Portugal, flowing southwest until it drains into the Atlantic Ocean not far from Lisbon. The Tagus River drains an area of 80,100 square kilometers along its course, and forms an estuary of economic significance at its mouth near Lisbon. Most of the major tributaries join the Tagus on its right-hand banks, and the Alagón and Jarama Rivers are two of its chief tributaries. 4. Historical Role The Tagus River, being one of the major rivers of the Iberian Peninsula, played a crucial role throughout history in encouraging the growth of settlements in the region. For centuries, the river has served as a lifeline for the people settled in its watershed, and thus was also instrumental in the development of the Spanish and Portuguese empires. In 1606, the Nossa Senhora dos Mártires, or the Pepper Wreck, saw a cargo ship wrecked at the mouth of the river near Lisbon when it struck a rock near the shore and sank. Until 2008, it remained the only Portuguese Indiaman ship known to be damaged, not by treasure hunters or pirates, but by a true sea accident. The Targus River, because of its significance in the lives of the Spanish and Portuguese, has also often been mentioned in many songs, poetry, and writings by the people of the Iberian Peninsula. 3. Modern Significance The estuary of the Tagus River serves as one of the finest harbors in all of Europe, and hosts one of the continent’s longest suspension bridges, the Ponte 25 de Abril, which is 3,323 feet long. A very small section of the river, in its lower portion, is navigable, while most of the course of the river passes through deep gorges interrupted by waterfalls. Dams and hydroelectric power stations are common on the Tagus and, by the 1980s, 60 dams existed on the river, with an installed power capacity of more than 1,200,000 kilowatts. The dams serve the dual purpose of providing water for irrigating the agricultural lands along the river basin as well as generating electricity for the settlements living near the river. Cereal farming and the growth of olive trees and vineyards are important agricultural activities near the river basin. The coniferous forests in the upper course of the river support a thriving timber industry. 2. Habitat and Biodiversity The climate throughout the basin of the Tagus River is of a semi-arid nature in its upper and middle reaches while towards the estuary, an oceanic climate prevails. Coniferous forests of pine and oak grow in the upper reaches of the river basin though about one third of the land of this basin has been cleared for agriculture. Royal carp, black bass, trout, and barbels are some of fishes caught in the Tagus and its reservoirs. Mammalian species like the Pyrenean ibex and fallow deer, and avian fauna like sand grouses, wall creepers, and raptors, might be spotted along the river's basin.The wetland ecosystems near the estuary of the Tagus Reserve are protected as the Tagus Estuary Natural Reserve due to its high ecological significance. Several species of migratory birds, including the Pied avocet, Greater flamingo, Dunlin, Grey-lag goose, Blue-throat, Little egret, Black-winged kite, and Booted eagle, can be observed in this region. Besides birds, the estuary is also highly rich in its diversity of insect and fish species. 1. Environmental Threats and Territorial Disputes Pollution and damming are two of the major threats to the Tagus River and its wild habitats. The Tagus River provides drinking water to the millions of people settled along its banks, but this resource is under the risk of being h


Which two-word name is given to INVICTA, the symbol of Kent ?

BBC - Kent - A giant white horse for Ebbsfleet 11:25 GMT, Thursday, 8 April 2010 12:25 UK A giant white horse for Ebbsfleet The proposed giant white horse, designed by Turner Prize winner Mark Wallinger, will stand on a hill near Ebbsfleet International station. The £2 million horse will measure up to 164ft in height, and will be the biggest public work of art in the UK. It will be more than twice the size of Antony Gormley's Angel Of The North in Gateshead, and roughly the same height as Nelson's Column. The sculpture will be visible from the A2 and from Eurostar trains. The Ebbsfleet project is the UK's biggest and most significant public art commission since Gormley's most famous work was unveiled in 1998, so it's no surprise it's been dubbed Angel Of The South ever since the idea was announced in 2007, although Gormley was never one of the shortlisted artists. The statue was commissioned to help symbolise regeneration around Ebbsfleet. As well as the station, around 10,000 new homes, offices and shops are planned for the area over the next 20 years. Kent County Council launched a campaign to persuade Wallinger to submit a rearing Invicta horse instead, to reflect the county's symbol, even though the council confirmed that they have no financial involvement with the project. The horse was given planning permission by Gravesham Borough Council on 14 April 2010. About the artist Mark Wallinger won the Turner prize in 2007 for State Britain, a recreation of the banners and paraphernalia of Brian Haw's Parliament Square protest against UK military involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan. He is no stranger to Kent, and created a permanent piece of work on The Leas at Folkestone as part of the Triennial sculpture expo in 2008. What do you think of the statue? Is it a fitting symbol for the county? We the kent gypsys love it we have horses in north kent and the wite horse show importance and bravery and prosperty we love it Mark Butler, Gravesend This horse is such a missed opportunity. I have seen the wonderful inverted parabola at St Louis (USA) and also the elegant group of arches in the Victoria Gardens, Chatham. I think a parabola group could have made a wonderful "gateway" to England. Also they could have had wonderful internal lighting which could have been powered by constructing it with solar panels - even if there were no internal lift system like at St Louis. It would have been cheaper (I suspect) futuristic, dramatic and beautiful. The horse is just an outsize horse. Marylin , Gillingham, Kent I am going to have to drive past this monstrosity every day, there were many more pleasing ideas put forward but as usual the council has not taken the residents views into consideration. This ugly beast will become a source of ridicule and focus for local vandals before the project is even finished ! J Hunt, Swanscombe, Kent My views are quite simple: we in Kent DONT WANT THIS! If you must have something use the invicta horse but this looks like it comes from a toy farmyeard. It will do nothing to improve the area - just make it more tacky than it already is. AW, Kent, England With all the chalk that was dug out for the rail link couldn't we have the hill built up and a proper white horse (Invicta)carving instead? Think of the existing white horses etc already around the country that look so attractive. Grahame Denney, Dartford Kent As a native of this county, I have to say that the creation of the white horse will be a source of great embarrassment. There is only one white horse of Kent: Invicta, Rampant. If it technically impossible to create the horse in this way, then don't do it at all! Tom O'Connor, Tunbridge Wells Totally not surprised this eyesore will be allowed to blight Gravesend/NW Kents landscape. Let us all who'll have to see this eyesore hope and pray that as much effort goes into its construction as its design/forethought. With any luck it will fall down or get damaged beyond repair when we next get some strong winds!!! David Beattie, Gravesend, Kent We find it rather disappointing that such an opportunity to p


A white cross on a black background is the symbol and PRO UTILITATE HOMINUM is the motto of which organisation founded in 1877 and present at most large events held in Britain each year ?

Full text of "The errand of mercy : a history of ambulance work upon the battlefield" See other formats ^L   Digitized by the Internet Arciiive  in 2007 with funding from  IVIicrosoft Corporation   http://www.archive.org/details/errandofmercyhisOObirdrich   The Srrand of Mercy   THE ERRAND OF MERCY."   [Frontispiece.   The Srrand of Mercy  A History of Jlmhulance Work upon the Battlefield By M. Mostyn Bird   With 17 ntusirsLUons,   LOKDOK: HUrCHIKSOK & CO. "PATERKOSTER "ROW ^ ^ 1913    eiOLOGY LIBRARY   y   - CONTENTS   CHAPTER I  War, Religion, and Science — The character of battles changes — The forging of the Link — The three Ambulance problems — Heroes of the crusade — The three periods of Medicine , . i  CHAPTER II  ,500 B.C.-2OO A.D Homeric medicine and Aesculapius — Ancient Greek practice — Onasilos, the Army Surgeon — Hippocrates — Medicine in Ancient Egypt — Early Hindu practice — Herophilus of Alex- andria — Celsus — Ambulance work in the Roman Legions — The influence of Galen . , , . . .16  CHAPTER III  600-1500 A.D Changing views on duty to the sick and wounded — Paul of Aegina — Battle surgery in Medieval Europe — Saxon leechdom — The Barber-Surgeon — Arab Medicine — Salerno — Master Pitard and other Army Doctors — Guy de Chauliac — The Organization of the Profession of Surgery — The Army Medical Services . 4 1  CHAPTER IV  IIOO-I480 A.D  The work of the Monastic Houses — The Nursing Orders — St. Bart.'s  and St. Thomas's, and other hospitals — Leprosy and  Lepers — The Dissolution in England — " The Queen's  Hospital " ........ 65  CHAPTER V  THE ORDER OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM IOI4-I798 A.D The Founding of the Hospital — The Institution of the Order — Removal to Acre — The Siege — Fortifying Rhodes — Institution of the European Langues — Assault and fall of Rhodes — Malta — The final repulse of the Turks — Napoleon and the Order 80   320288   viii CONTENTS  CHAPTER VI  I443-I7OO A.D  The Renaissance — Paracelsus — Brissot — The new weapons — Gun- shot wounds — Improvements in surgery — Richard Wise- man lis  CHAPTER VII  1700-1815 A.D  Europe during the Napoleonic Wars — The Army Medical Services — France — The inventions of Larrey and Percy — Germany — Goercke and the education of Army Surgeons — After Waterloo — Austria — Brambilla and the Field Hospitals . .138  CHAPTER VIII  1813-1859 A.D CiviUan Work on the Battle-field — Frankfurt — The Sonderbund War — A Manual of First Aid — Medical Problems of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries . . . . . • 171  CHAPTER IX  1854-1859 A.D The Crimean War and the Nursing Service — Florence Nightingale — The health of the troops — Henri Dunant — The Battle of Solferino 188  CHAPTER X  1861-1864 A.D  The American Civil War — " The Sanitary Commission " — The  Nation's Challenge — The Women of the South — The War in  Schleswig-Holstein . . . . . . .218  CHAPTER XI  1863-1864 A.D  " Un Souvenir de Solferino " — The Committee of Public Usefulness — The Conference of October, 1863 — Argument and Answer — The Signing of the Geneva Convention — The National Societies — Henri Dunant again ....... 229  CHAPTER XII  187O-1898 A.D The Franco-German War — The formation of the National Aid Society — Volunteers on the Battle-field — The St. John Ambu- lance Association — First-Aid in Civil Life — British help in Foreign Wars — The Soudan in 1884 . . . . 249   CONTENTS ix  CHAPTER XIII  1898-I9OI A.D  Voluntary Aid in the South African War — The Central Red Cross Council — Organizing the forces of help — Hospital trains — Foreign offers of aid — The Private Hospitals. . . 268  CHAPTER XIV  I904-I913 A.D The Japanese Army ; its health in the field — Its Medical Service — Its Hospitals — The working of the Geneva Convention — The Medical Ser^'ices in the Balkan War — Neglected sanitary precautions and the punishment — British Red Cross Hospitals . ........ 292  CHAPTER XV  I913 A.D  The Royal Army Medical Corps — Its Organization — Its Duties in the Field —


Along which road from Capua to Rome were 6000 slaves crucified in 71BC after defeat in then Servile War led by Spartacus ?

Spartacus the Gladiator and the Roman Slave Revolt By N.S. Gill Updated November 03, 2015. Little is known about this fighting slave from Thrace beyond his role in the spectacular revolt that became known as the Third Servile War (73–71 B.C.). But sources agree that Spartacus had once fought for Rome as a legionnaire and was enslaved and sold to become a gladiator . In 73 B.C., he and a group of fellow gladiators rioted and escaped. The 78 men who followed him swelled to an army of 70,000 men, who terrified the citizens of Rome as they plundered Italy from Rome to Thurii in present-day Calabria.   Spartacus the Gladiator Spartacus, perhaps a captive of a Roman legion, perhaps a former auxiliary himself, was sold, in 73 B.C., into the service of Lentulus Batiates, a man who taught at a ludus for gladiators in Capua, 20 miles from Mt. Vesuvius, in Campania . That same year Spartacus and two Gallic gladiators led a riot at the school. Of the 200 slaves at the ludus, 78 men escaped, using kitchen tools as weapons. In the streets they found wagons of gladiatorial weapons and confiscated them. continue reading below our video What are the Seven Wonders of the World Thus armed, they easily defeated soldiers who tried to stop them. Stealing military-grade weapons, they set out south to Mt. Vesuvius . Three Gallic slaves, Crixus, Oenomaus and Castus, became, along with Spartacus, the leaders of band. Seizing a defensive position in the mountains near Vesuvius, they attracted thousands of slaves from the countryside—70,000 men, with another 50,000 women and children in tow. Early Success The slave rebellion happened at a moment when Rome's legions were abroad. Her greatest generals, the consuls Lucius Licinius Lucullus and Marcus Aurelius Cotta, were attending to the subjugation of the Eastern kingdom of Bithynia , a recent addition to the Republic. The raids carried out in the Campanian countryside by Spartacus' men fell to local officials to mediate. These praetors , including Gaius Claudius Glaber and Publius Varinius, underestimated the training and ingenuity of the slave fighters. Glaber thought he could lay siege to the slave redoubt at Vesuvius, but the slaves dramatically rappelled down the mountainside with ropes fashioned from vines, outflanked Glaber's force, and destroyed it. By the winter of 72 B.C., the successes of slave army alarmed Rome to the degree that consular armies were raised to deal with the threat. Crassus Assumes Control Marcus Licinius Crassus was elected praetor and headed to Picenum to put an end to the Spartacan revolt with 10 legions, some 32,000–48,000 trained Roman fighters, plus auxiliary units. Crassus correctly assumed the slaves would head north to the Alps and positioned most of his men to block this escape. Meanwhile, he sent his lieutenant Mummius and two new legions south to pressure the slaves to move north. Mummius had been explicitly instructed not to fight a pitched battle. He, however, had ideas of his own, and when he engaged the slaves in battle, suffered defeat. Spartacus routed Mummius and his legions. They lost not only men and their arms, but later, when they returned to their commander, the survivors suffered the ultimate Roman military punishment— decimation, by order of Crassus. The men were divided into groups of 10 and then drew lots. The unlucky one in 10 was then killed. Meanwhile, Spartacus turned around and headed towards Sicily , planning to escape on pirate ships, not knowing that the pirates had already sailed away. At the Isthmus of Bruttium, Crassus built a wall to block Spartacus' escape. When the slaves tried to break through, the Romans fought back, killing about 12,000 of the slaves. The End of Spartacus' Revolt Spartacus learned that Crassus' troops were to be reinforced by another Roman army under Pompey , brought back from Spain . In desperation, he and his slaves fled north, with Crassus at their heels. Spartacus' escape route was blocked at Brundisium by a third Roman force recalled from Macedonia. There was nothing left for Spartacus to do but to try to b


Named after the 16/17th century fancy collar that made a fortune for Robert Baker, which London street starts at Hyde Park Corner and ends at a famous statue ? It is the 6th most expensive property in Monopoly.

Full text of "The London Season" See other formats S?3L   Till   kansas city |||| public library  j Kansas city, missouri  Books will be issued only  on presentation of library card. Please report lost cards and  change of residence promptly. Card holders are responsible for  all books, records, films, pictures or other library materials checked out on their cards.   D DO   DATE DUE   THE LONDON SEASON   Also by  LOUIS T. STANLEY  LIFE IN CAMBRIDGE  GERMANY AFTER THE WAR  THE UNIVERSITY CITY OF CAMBRIDGE  THE BEAUTY OF WOMAN  LONDON INNS   THE LONDON SEASON   LOUIS T. STANLEY  With illustrations by  ALAN CRISP PREFACE BY ALFRED NOYES   HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY BOSTON  The Riverside Press Cambridge  1956   Printed in Great Britain   To ]EAN   ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS  1 arn indebted to the editors of The Qwen and  The Sketch y and Messrs, Macdonald & Co,, Ltd.,  for their courteous permission to republish  certain extracts.   CONTENTS  Preface by Alfred Noyes Page 13  How the London Season Began 17  The Royal Academy 21  Covent Garden 26  The Heart of Mayfair 3 1  Tea on the Terrace 34  Piccadilly 38  Deer Stalking of the Stream 44  A Mild Pub Crawl 48  Holiday Golf 54  Derby Day 5 8  Haunted Stones 62  Eton and the Fourth of June 67  Bargain-Hunting 72  The Heart of the Season 75  From Coffee Houses to Clubs 78  Pennants, Breastplates and Plumes 83  For Over a Thousand Years a City 8 5  Pageantry and Tradition 88  Shades of Blue 92  Two Evenings of Music 98  Royal Ascot 100  Unusual London 103  Lessons of the Centre Court 109  Punts and Pretty Faces 1 14  Interlude for Ballet 117  Fetlocks and Wisps of Straw 121  9   io Contents  St. James's Street , Page 126  Lord's 131  Feminine Wiles 136  A Day at the Races 140  A Day on the Thames 144  A Day in Bed 149  The Goodwood Setting 153  An Edwardian Interlude 155  Out of Season August 1 5 8  The Glorious Twelfth 164  Cowes Week 169  Dublin Horse Show 174  Sport on the Fells 179  In Search of Culture 183  Holiday Tastes 188  Vale 195   LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS  Royal Ascot is almost the last stronghold where England is shown to be a monarchical country with an aristo- cracy facing page 18  The Royal Academy begins on a suave note with the sleek  smartness of the private view zz  On great occasions Co vent Garden is a moving mass of animated humanity reflecting and radiating every shade of brilliance and colour 28  Tea on the terrace of the Palace of Westminster with cucumber sandwiches and strawberries and cream 36  The sweep of Tattenham Corner is the ideal place to catch the outline of crouching jockeys in vivid silks sweeping along like a wave 60  Given true June weather the familiar scene of Trooping the  Colour is London's most impressive military ceremony 88  At Henley men become extrovert and blossom forth in a welter of stripes and colours, whilst women are like waves of fluttering silk 136  Cowes Week a second Season by the sea 172   ii   PREFACE  In this delightful book Mr. Louis Stanley spreads his net wider and gives us considerably more than the title suggests. It opens, as the Season does, with a private view of the Royal Academy.  This gives Mr. Stanley an opportunity for many amusing and shrewd observations, both on those who accept that august body as the comprehensive arbiter of all contemporary art, and on those who cynically and sometimes less honestly would deny the Academy every virtue and ignore the useful end it serves.  These things and occasional flashes back into history and the beginnings of the Academy, with Reynolds and Gainsborough (not altogether ignoble representatives) form the background to his picture of the contemporary social scene, its chatter, and patter, and his acutely observed and amusingly depicted types of the people who stroll through Burlington House in the Season and conventionally admire, or sometimes even more convention- ally turn up their fashionable noses at what they see there.  Covent Garden,


The road from Paris to Montpellier passes over the highest bridge in the world, completed in 2004. Which river valley does it span ?

General notes on maritime commerce and shipping in the early centuries CE A. The Main Caravan Routes. B. The territories of Haixi, Haibei and Haidong. C. The “great seas” and the “Western Sea.” D. Sea Silk. F. Maritime Commerce and Shipping during the Han Period. G. The Water Cisterns on the Route between Petra and Wadi Sirhan. H. The Identification of the city of Angu with Ancient Gerrha and Modern Thaj. I.  The Spread of Ideas and Religions along the Trade Routes. J. Climate and other Changes along the Silk Routes. K. The Identification of Jibin as Kapisha-Gandhāra. L. The Introduction of Silk Cultivation to Khotan in the 1st Century CE. M. The Canals and Roads from the Red Sea to the Nile. N. Kanishka’s Hostage in History and Legend. A. The Main Caravan Routes The overland routes from China to India, Parthia, and the Roman Empire stretched thousands of kilometres and presented the traveller with many geographical, and ever-changing political, obstacles.             Rarely, if ever, did caravans travel the whole route. Goods were carried to market-places where they were sold or traded, local taxes paid, and then other merchants transported them onward.             Long-distance freight costs were high, so preference was given to trade in rare or precious goods that were relatively light, compact, and non-perishable (such as silk).             The animal that made this long-distance trade possible was the camel. Camels can carry half as much as a horse and cart, and twice as much as a mule. They can travel long distances with minimal water and fodder. Carts and formed roads were, not needed, substantially reducing transport costs. Caravans could use alternative routes, or head across open country, whenever necessary. There was no need to stick to a road, if there was enough water, fodder and fuel available.           At first the caravans mostly used the two-humped, or ‘Bactrian’ camel, native to Central Asia, and better adapted to the cold than the one-humped dromedary, or ‘Arabian’ camel. Cable and French (1943), pp. 169-172.           At some point, it was discovered that first-generation hybrids between the two had more stamina than either of the original breeds, but it was some centuries before a cold-resistant one-humped variety was bred. Bulliet (1975), pp. 141-175.             A standard camel load in Roman times was about 195 kg (430 pounds). Over 227 kg (or 500 pounds) could sometimes be carried for shorter distances. A pack camel could travel 24 to 32 kilometres (15 to 20 miles) a day, and go for long periods without food or water. Bulliet (1975), pp. 20, 24, 281, n. 35. The main east-west caravan routes provided excellent conditions for camel travel almost the whole way from China to the Roman Orient. Trade between distant parts of the Eurasian landmass has been occurring for several thousand years at least. Lapis lazuli was traded from the mines in eastern Badakhshan to Mesopotamia and Egypt by the second half of the fourth millennium BCE at the latest.           The earliest long-distance road, the ‘Persian Royal Road,’ may have been in use as early as 3,500 BCE. By the time of Herodotus, (c. 475 BCE) it ran some 2,857 km from the city of Susa on the lower Tigris to Smyrna near the Aegean Sea. It was maintained and protected by the Achaemenian empire and had postal stations and relays at regular intervals. By having fresh horses and riders ready at each relay, royal couriers could carry messages the entire distance in 9 days, though normal travellers took about three months.           This ‘Royal Road’ linked in to many other routes –some of them, such as the routes to India and Central Asia, were also protected by the Achaemenids, ensuring regular contact between India, Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean.           Another very ancient series of routes linked Badakhshān in northeastern Afghanistan –the only known source of lapis lazuli in the ancient world – with Mesopotamia and Egypt by the second half of the fourth millennium BCE, and by the third millennium with the Harappan civilization in the Indus va


The southwest coastal footpath starts at Poole in Dorset. Going around Devon and Cornwall, at which West Somerset resort, famous for its Butlin's holiday camp, does it end 630 miles later ?

The 50 Best walking holidays | The Independent The 50 Best walking holidays From coast to coast challenges to relaxing rambles with luxury lodges, Rhiannon Batten laces up her boots Friday 24 February 2012 21:00 BST Click to follow The 50 Best walking holidays 1/11 3. The Dark Peak The Dark Peak is the northern part of the Peak District, a largely moorland landscape that takes its name from the Millstone Grit that covers it. Here, make for the Kinder Plateau, says Andy. "Catch a train to Edale on a Saturday morning, head up Jacob's Ladder and walk the southern edge of the plateau before dropping down The Nab and heading back to Edale youth hostel. The following morning head south for Mam Tor, wander along Great Ridge and then clamber down into Hope in time for a quick beer before catching a train home." Details: visitpeakdistrict.com 2/11 7. The Mourne Way One of the wilder, but more accessible, sections of the Ulster Way, this 26-mile yomp leads walkers from Newcastle to Rostrevor, in County Down via glorious swathes of moorland, mountain and ancient woodlands. The walk takes two days but, unless you live locally, you'll need to add in a night in Newcastle. Where: Self-guided three-night Mourne Way breaks cost from £229 per person with Let's Go Walking! This includes B&B accommodation, luggage transfer and route maps ( letsgowalking.com ) 3/11 16. Norfolk Coast Path Recently voted the Best Coastal Path Trail in Britain by readers of Coast magazine, the 47-mile Norfolk Coast Path runs from Hunstanton to Cromer, the centre of the county's crab industry. On the way it passes wide sandy beaches, windswept dunes, picturesque coastal villages, ancient windmills and the seal colonies at Blakeney Point Details: Four-day self-guided holidays covering the trail cost from £360 per person ( contours.co.uk ) 4/11 21. Luxury on the Lower Thames Capital Sport runs a range of unusual walking holidays across the UK and this London trek is one of the most luxurious on its books. An eight-day, self-guided ramble taking in Windsor Castle, Kew Gardens, Tower Bridge and the London Eye en route before finishing up at a five-star hotel in the capital. Details: Prices start at £1,640 per person ( capital-sport.co.uk ) 5/11 22. Castles of the Shropshire Marshes A four-night, self-guided stroll through the bucolic rolling borderlands between England and Wales, this majestic ramble covers 36 miles between quaint Bishop's Castle and foodie Ludlow. Following ancient drovers' trails along sections of the Shropshire Way and Offa's Dyke, it passes villages, castles and hillforts. Details: Prices start from £310 per person ( inntravel.co.uk ) 6/11 27. Pembrokeshire Coast Path If you're looking for a hearty Welsh walk before the All Wales Coast Path opens, the Pembrokeshire Coast Path is hard to beat, according to Jo. "Its rollercoaster route over 186 miles of coastline is worth every step," she says. "My favourite section is around St David's Head, with the tempestuous Bitches tidal rapides of Ramsey Sound churning away in the distance. I've seen seals peering up from below and kestrels hovering above". 7/11 29. Hadrian's Wall Path The 84-mile national trail that follows Britain's greatest Roman monument is a highlight for any walker, promises Dominic. "It should take you no more than a week to cross the neck of northern England, from Tyneside to the Solway estuary, but you'll be stepping back millennia, as you retrace the footsteps of centurions patrolling the preserved remnants of wall – and enjoy stunning borderland scenery". 8/11 34. Causeway Coast Way In good weather this 33-mile, four-day coastal route from Portstewart to Ballycastle, on the Antrim Coast, is truly spectacular. "Highlights along the trail include the Giant's Causeway and the Carrick-a-Rede rope bridge. Reached via a short diversion after Ballintoy, the bridge spans a 20m-wide chasm between the mainland and a picturesquely craggy island that was once used as a small salmon fishery," explains Jo. 9/11 39. The Knoydart Peninsula "Wild camping and strenuous hiking are the best ways to


Which letter from the Greekalphabet is the symbol of the most penetrating type of radiation containing no particles ?

Alpha, beta and gamma radiation - penetration, uses and dangers Lesson 2: Alpha, Beta and Gamma Introduction In this lesson we'll introduce the three most important kinds of nuclear radiation: alpha, beta and gamma.  We’ll see how their different properties affect what they can be used for and in what ways they may be harmful. What is alpha, beta and gamma radiation? We're not going to go into details about the exact origins of alpha, beta and gamma radiation in this lesson. Animation  giving an idea of the relative size and speed of alpha, beta and gamma radiation. For the moment we'll say that alpha and beta radiation consist of tiny particles, much smaller than an atom.  They move incredibly fast, perhaps thousands of kilometres per second. Gamma radiation is a sort of invisible, very high-energy light. Alpha, beta and gamma are the first three letters of the Greek alphabet.  The types of radiation are named in the order that they were discovered. Americium-241, an alpha source Americium (pronounced a-meh-rees-ee-um) is a metal.  It's radioactive and gives off alpha radiation so we call it an alpha source. In school experiments we only use a tiny radioactive source the size of a grain of sand.  It's normally enclosed in a steel tube with a wire mesh covering one end.  This means you can't touch the source directly and the radiation only escapes in one direction.  There's often a prong so you can pick up the source with pliers. Animation  showing how a radioactive source is often confined in a small protective chamber with an open end so you can experiment with a beam of radiation. Alpha radiation doesn't go far but is very damaging Alpha radiation gets stopped by a few centimetres of air or a thin sheet of paper.  You may think that this means alpha radiation is quite weak but in fact the opposite is the case. Activity  Finding the penetrating power of alpha radiation. Alpha radiation is like a big heavy ball rolled across a lawn.  It doesn't go very far because it loses a lot of energy flattening out the bumps in the ground.  In other words the heavy ball interacts strongly with the ground. Animation  comparing an alpha particle to a big, heavy ball. This is what alpha radiation does to air.  Each alpha particle loses its energy by ripping the air atoms to pieces as it flies past.  Eventually it loses all its energy and just stops harmlessly. The difference between irradiation and contamination The best way to stay safe is to keep away from an alpha emitter, like americium-241.  You don't have to be very far, half a metre is fine. This is easy if the americium is a solid block but if it’s dissolved in a liquid or crushed into dust then you need to be much more careful.  Dust can be blown long distances by the wind.  If you inhaled some americium dust then your lung linings could be damaged as the alpha radiation tore up the molecules in your cells. When radioactive dust lands on something we say that thing has been ‘contaminated’.  Contamination is about the stuff that’s emitting the radiation, like dust or water.  Contamination can be a risk over long distances. Animation  explaining the difference between contamination and irradiation. Irradiation is about the radiation itself like alpha, beta or gamma.  Radiation can’t travel far so is not a risk over long distances. Alpha particles cause lots of ionization in a short distance Alpha radiation is up to twenty times more damaging than other kinds because it tears up atoms so much.  This tearing up process is called ‘ionization’ and we’ll see what it means in more detail later.  The torn-up air particles (or “ions”) have an electric charge so they can be part of an electric circuit. Animation  of alpha particles ionizing air molecules. Using americium-241 in a smoke detector One use of americium-241 is in smoke detectors.  The alpha particles tear up the neutral air molecules. The resulting positive and negative ions can be part of an electric circuit.  In normal use this circuit is complete. When there's a fire smoke particles enter the detector.  The ions stick to


"In which track from the 1975 album, Still crazy after all these years, are people advised to ""slip out the back"", ""hop on the bus"" and ""drop off the key"" ?"

Paul Simon - The Full Wiki The Full Wiki More info on Paul Simon   Wikis       Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn't yet, but we're working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . Related top topics I Am a Rock Did you know ... comedic actor Ed Helms performs an a cappella version of Paul Simon 's " You Can Call Me Al " in the fifth season The Office episode, " Heavy Competition "? U.S. singer-songwriter Phil Ochs recorded " Bwatue " with African musicians more than ten years before Paul Simon famously did the same thing for his Graceland album? More interesting facts on Paul Simon Include this on your site/blog: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other people named Paul Simon, see Paul Simon (disambiguation) . Paul Simon Paul Simon performing March 8, 2007 Background information October 13, 1941 (1941-10-13) (age 68) Origin Vocals, guitar, bass guitar, piano, percussion Years active Yamaha PS Signature Models Paul Frederic Simon (born October 13, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter , known for his success beginning in 1965 as part of the duo Simon & Garfunkel , with musical partner Art Garfunkel . Simon wrote most of the pair's songs, including three that reached number one on the US singles charts, " The Sounds of Silence ", " Mrs. Robinson ", and " Bridge Over Troubled Water ". [1] In 1970, at the height of their popularity, the duo split, and Simon began a successful solo career, recording three highly-acclaimed albums over the next five years. [2] In 1986 he released Graceland , an album inspired by South African township music that helped fuel the anti-apartheid movement . [3] Besides music, Simon directed and starred in the film One Trick Pony in 1980 and co-wrote the Broadway musical The Capeman in 1998. [4] Through his solo and collaborative work, Simon has earned 13 Grammys , including the Lifetime Achievement Award. [5] In 2001, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame [6] and in 2006 was selected as one of the "100 People Who Shaped the World" by Time magazine. [7] Among many other honors, Simon was named the first recipient of the Library of Congress 's Gershwin Prize for Popular Song in 2003. [8] Contents Biography Early life and career Paul Simon was born in Newark, New Jersey to Jewish Hungarian parents Bella (b. 1910, d. June 16, 2007), an elementary school teacher, and Louis Simon (b. circa 1916, d. January 17, 1995), a college professor, bassist, and dance bandleader who performed under the name "Lee Sims". His father had been one of the first musicians on radio, when he lived in Hungary. In 1941 his family moved to Kew Garden Hills, Queens in New York City. Simon's musical career began at Forest Hills High School when he and his friend Art Garfunkel began singing together, occasionally performing at school dances. Their idols were the Everly Brothers , whom they imitated in their use of close two-part harmony. Simon also developed an interest in jazz, folk and blues, especially musical legends Woody Guthrie and Lead Belly . In 1957, while in their mid-teens, Simon and Garfunkel recorded the song "Hey, Schoolgirl" under the name Tom and Jerry, given to them by their label Big Records. The single reached number forty-nine on the pop charts. After graduating from high school, Simon attended Queens College , while Garfunkel studied at Columbia University in Manhattan . Simon was a brother in the Alpha Epsilon Pi fraternity. Simon earned a degree in English literature and briefly attended Brooklyn Law School , but his real passion was rock and roll . Between 1957 and 1964, Simon wrote, recorded, and released more than thirty songs, occasionally reuniting with Garfunkel as Tom & Jerry for some singles, including "Our Song" and "That's My Story". Most of the songs Simon recorded in the six years after 1957 were performed alone or with musicians other than Garfunkel. They were released on several minor record labels, such as Amy, Big, Hunt, King, Tribute, and Madison. He used several diffe


Which letter is given to the irrational number 2.71828 ? It is widely used in population growth calculations, economics and structural engineering.

Indices_and_logarithms return to top Motivation Indices provide a compact algebraic notation for repeated multiplication. For example, is it much easier to write 35 than 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3. Once index notation is introduced the index laws arise naturally when simplifying numerical and algebraic expressions. Thus the simplificiation 25 × 23 = 28 quickly leads to the rule am × an = am + n, for all positive integers m and n. As often happens in mathematics, it is natural to ask questions such as: Can we give meaning to the zero index? Can we give meaning to a negative index? Can we give meaning to a rational or fractional index? These questions will be considered in this module. In many applications of mathematics, we can express numbers as powers of some given base. We can reverse this question and ask, for example, ‘What power of 2 gives 16? Our attention is then turned to the index itself. This leads to the notion of a logarithm, which is simply another name for an index. Logarithms are used in many places: decibels, that are used to measure sound pressure, are defined using logarithms the Richter scale, that is used to measure earthquake intensity, is defined using logarithms the pH value in chemistry, that is used to define the level of acidity of a substance, is also defined using the notion of a logarithm. When two measured quantities appear to be related by an exponential function, the parameters of the function can be estimated using log plots. This is a very useful tool in experimental science. Logarithms can be used to solve equations such as 2x = 3, for x. In senior mathematics, competency in manipulating indices is essential, since they are used extensively in both differential and integral calculus. Thus, to differentiate or integrate a function such as , it is first necessary to convert it to index form. The function in calculus that is a multiple of its own derivative is an exponential function. Such functions are used to model growth rates in biology, ecology and economics, as well as radioactive decay in nuclear physics. These laws also hold when a and b are real. EXERCISE 1 ÷ = 6ab5. We now seek to give meaning to other types of exponents. The basic principle we use throughout is to choose a meaning that is consistent with the index laws above. The Zero Index = 1. On the other hand, applying index law 2, ignoring the condition m > n, we have = 50. If the index laws are to be applied in this situation, then we need to define 50 to be 1. More generally, if a ≠ 0 then we define a0 = 1. Note that 00 is not defined. It is sometimes called an indeterminant form. (The explanation of this term is that one can find sequences of numbers of the form ab in which both a and b approach 0, but where the limit of the sequence is not 1 and indeed can be made to be any number we like, by a suitable choice of and For example, the terms of the sequence 1, are all equal to 0. In each case the form of the terms approaches 00. A similar situation occurs with and so the expression is also often referred to as an indeterminant form. EXAMPLE (3a2b)0 = 1, assuming a and b are not zero. The index laws also hold for the zero index. Negative Exponents If we examine the pattern formed when we take decreasing powers of 2, we see 24 = 16, 23 = 8, 22 = 2, 21 = 2, 20 = 1, 2−1 = ?, 2−2 = ? At each step as we decrease the index, the number is halved. Thus it is sensible to define 2−1 = Furthermore, continuing the pattern, we define 2−2 = + . It is possible to give similar proofs that the other index laws also hold for negative integer and rational exponents. return to top Scientific Notation Scientific notation, or standard form, is a convenient way to represent very large or very small numbers. It allows the numbers to be easily recorded and read. The star Sirius is approximately 75 684 000 000 000 km from the sun. We can represent this number more compactly by moving the decimal point to just after the first non-zero digit and multiplying by an appropriate power of 10 to recover the original number. Thus 75 684 000 000 000 = 7.5684 × 1013.


"Originally based on the Roman fable The Rape of the Sabine Women which 1954 musical contains the songs ""Bless Your Beautiful Hide"" and ""Spring, Spring, Spring"" ?"

Book Some of the book titles and authors mentioned on the television show Jeopardy   Edmund Hoyle, Alfred Nobel, Cecil Rhodes, Joseph Pulitzer, Hugo Awards are a set of awards given annually for the best science fiction or fantasy works and achievements of the previous year. Books I want to read again by Ray Sahelian, M.D. A collection of sheets of paper bound together to hinge at one edge, containing printed or written material, pictures. I wish i had more time to read books, I tend to gravitate more towards watching the latest news on TV and watch the History channel   Bradstreet, to my dear and loving husband Edwards, fire and brimstone lectures, great awakening Thomas Paine 1718-1799 common sense 1776, the American crisis 1776-83-these are the times that try mens souls, the Rights of Man 1791, James Fenimore Cooper 1789-1851   Deerslayer frontiersman Natty Bumppo is the protagonist of pentalogy of novels known as the Leatherstocking Tales. he adopts life of natives.   Last of the Mohicans (Unkas is indian during french and indian war).   Pathfinder Dew-of-june, an Indian heroine, appears in his novel "The Pathfinder"   Pioneers Clement Moore 1779�1863 Professor of Oriental and Greek Literature. yuletide poem "A Visit from St. Nicholas" stockings were hung by the chimney with care Washington Irving 1783-1859    History of New York by Diedrich Kickerbocker was actually written by him    Rip Van Winkle fell asleep in Catskill mountains for 20 years    Legend of Sleepy Hollow Ichabod Crane terrorized by Brom Bones dressed up as headless horseman to scare the schoolmaster away from Katrina, the almighty dollar that great object of universal devotion throughout our land. Nathaniel Hawthorne 1804-1864 themes of sin and guilt, Massachusetts author whose last completed novel, �The Marbel Faun�, is set in Italy    Blithdale romance,    House of seven Gables. Colonel Pyncheon is cursed by convicted wizard Matthew Maule    Scarlett Letter a, hester prynne is convicted of adultery, Arthur Dimsdale is the father of Hester Prynne's daughter Pearl    Twice told tales. collection contains 39 of his stories Richard Henry Dana 1815�1882 lawyer from Massachusetts, the memoir Two Years Before the Mast. voyage he took around Cape Horn   1850 to 1900 Ned Buntline 1823-1886 dime novels and the Colt Buntline Special he is alleged to have commissioned from Colt's Manufacturing Company. Horatio Alger 1832�1899 best known for his many formulaic juvenile novels about impoverished boys and their rise from humble backgrounds. Among his many books for boys are the Ragged Dick and Tattered Tom series Bryant, thanatopsis Herman Melville,  1819-1891   Billy Budd Melville title sailor who personifies innocence   Moby Dick white sperm whale, call me Ishmael, first published in 1851, captain Ahab's harpoon. He's a weak-willed king in the Old Testament or a whaler captain in "Moby Dick" Ahab. Queequeg is the first principal character encountered by the narrator, serves as the chief harpooner aboard the Pequod.   Omoo", is subtitled "Adventures in the South Seas"   Typee He lived for several weeks among the cannibalistic Typee before he wrote the book of the same name Edward Everett Hale 1822 � 1909) Unitarian clergyman. and author of Man without a Country It's where Philip Nolan asked to be buried at sea Lew Wallace, 1827-1905 Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ is a novel published on 1880. Considered the most influential Christian book of the nineteenth century Bret Harte 1836-1902 pioneering life in California. The Outcasts of Poker Flat Mark Twain 1835�1910 Samuel Langhorne Clemens, grew up in Hannibal, Missouri. A reporter for the Virginia City, Nev. Territorial Enterprise first used this byline Mark Twain in 1863, "Always do right." he wrote; "This will gratify some people and astonish the rest"   The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,"   A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court is an 1889 novel , Merlin the Magician cast a spell putting this title character to sleep for 1,300 years   Innocen


How many Prime Ministers held office in the two World Wars in the 20th century ?

BBC - History -   British History in depth: Prime Ministers and Politics Timeline On This Day Prime Ministers and Politics Timeline Do you know which prime minister brought 'fallen women' to 10 Downing Street? Or which one fought a duel? Or who was known as 'the Goat'? Take a political journey through nearly 300 years of high ideals and low cunning, from Gordon Brown to the first man to hold prime ministerial powers, Robert Walpole. Margaret Thatcher Conservative, 1979 - 1990 Britain's first female prime minister came to power with the country descending into industrial and economic chaos. A relatively inexperienced politician, she nonetheless adopted a personal style of indomitable self-confidence and brooked no weakness in herself or her colleagues. Derisively dubbed the 'Iron Lady' by the Soviet press, she wore the moniker with pride. Her government's free-market policies included trade liberalisation, deregulation, sweeping privatisation, breaking the power of the unions, focus on the individual and the creation of an 'enterprise culture'. 'Thatcherism' has had a profound and lasting economic and social impact on Britain, and still sharply divides opinion to this day. The first PM to serve three consecutive terms (including two 'landslide' victories) she was eventually toppled by her own party following the disastrous imposition of a 'poll tax'. Nonetheless, she is generally considered to be one of the best peace time prime ministers of the 20th Century. James Callaghan Labour, 1976 - 1979 Callaghan inherited the office of prime minister following the surprise resignation of Harold Wilson. With only a tiny parliamentary majority to support him, he faced an increasingly one-sided confrontation with organised labour in the form of rampant strike action. Things came to a head in the so-called 'Winter of Discontent', a phrase from Shakespeare borrowed by Callaghan himself to describe the events leading up to February 1979. Britain was 'strikebound', with public servants staging mass walk outs, leaving food and fuel supplies undelivered, rubbish uncollected and - most notoriously - bodies unburied. Things became so bad in Hull it was dubbed 'the second Stalingrad'. The tabloid press has since been accused of overstating the severity of the situation (and wrongly quoting him as saying 'Crisis? What Crisis?') but it was enough at the time to sound the death knell for Callaghan's government later in the same year. Harold Wilson Labour, 1974 - 1976 In March 1974, Wilson became prime minister for the third time at the head of a minority government, following the first hung parliament (one where no party holds a majority) for 45 years. Often described as a wily fixer and negotiator, it took all of his skills to hold on to power in the face of economic and industrial turmoil. His party was also sharply divided, with many Labour members of parliament (MPs) bitter about Wilson's manoeuvring against his colleagues. He called another general election in October 1974, thereby ending the shortest parliament since 1681, and was returned to office with a majority of just three seats. He presided over a referendum on Britain's membership of the European Economic Community (EEC), and a collapse in the value of the pound which prompted a humiliating 'rescue operation' by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Exhausted, Wilson resigned saying 'politicians should not go on and on'. Edward Heath Conservative, 1970 - 1974 Heath succeeded in taking Britain into the European Economic Community (EEC), the precursor to the European Union, despite two previous failed attempts by Britain to gain entry, in 1961 and 1967. But his government was dogged by torrid industrial relations and recurrent economic crises. Things came to a head in January 1974, when industry was put on a 'three-day week' to conserve fuel. Fuel was in dangerously short supply following a combination of domestic industrial action (coal miners on 'work-to-rule') and a quadrupling of prices by Middle Eastern oil exporting nations in the wake of Israel's victory in the Yom Kipp


Born in 1913 and dying in 1994 who is the only person to be elected twice for the post of Vice President and also twice for the post of President of the USA ?

Richard Milhous Nixon, 37th President of United States (1913 - 1994) - Genealogy Richard Milhous Nixon, 37th President of United States Also Known As: Yorba Linda, Orange, California, United States Death: in New York, New York, New York, United States Place of Burial: Yorba Linda, Orange, California, United States Immediate Family: President of the United States, 1969-74 Managed by: Circa 1914 - California, United States Residence: 1920 - Placentia Township Yorba Linda Precinct Yorba Linda Village, Orange, California, USA Parents: Francis A Nixon, Hannah M Nixon Siblings: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... expected to take a quarter- back until former signal-caller Richard Nixon died In his honor they broke into his li- brary out in shuffle... Date: Jan 9 1913 - Yorba Linda, Orange, California, United States Death: Apr 22 1994 - Bronxville, Westchester, New York, United States of America Parents: Francis Anthony Nixon, Hannah Nixon Wife: First Lady Thelma Catherine Nixon Siblings: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: "...in class. Associated Press__________________________ If Richard Nixon's profession was his passion was sports. More than any other wh... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: "...-caller Richard Nixon died. In his honor they broke into his li- brary out in shuffled some papers and decided to take the best Repub... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: "...-caller Richard Nixon died. In his honor they broke into his li- brary out in shuffled some papers and decided to take the best Repub... Date: Australian Newspapers Text: ... and the fear . 1 e / Spies who run rings around us PAGE 20 Nixon honoured in death Richard Nixon NEW YORK: Americans are mourning the de... Publication: Apr 24 1994 - Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia Page: Australian Newspapers Text: ... Tuesday. (US markets were closed on Wednesday for former President Richard Nixon's funeral.) Citibank chief economist Grant Bailey said ... Publication: Apr 30 1994 - Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia Page: Australian Newspapers Text: ... current heads of state also are expected to be present when Nixon, who died on Saturday night, is laid to rest on the grounds of the Ric... Publication: Apr 25 1994 - Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia Page: Australian Newspapers Text: ... funeral played out like a historic drama against the backdrop of Richard Milhous Nixon ... Advertising FAX 280 4884 40 pages All the Pre... Publication: Apr 29 1994 - Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia Page: brother About Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th president of the United States (1969-1974). During his administration the United States withdrew its military forces from Vietnam and informally recognized the government of the People's Republic of China. The Watergate scandal that occurred at the beginning of his second term brought Nixon to the verge of impeachment by the House of Representatives and led to his resignation, the first ever by a U.S. president. Early Career Born in Yorba Linda, Calif., on Jan. 9, 1913, Nixon was the second of Hannah and Francis Nixon's five children, all of whom were boys. Despite the economic difficulties and emotional tensions of the Nixon household, young Richard excelled in school, graduating second in his class from Whittier College (1934) and third in his class from Duke University law school (1937). From 1937 to 1942 he practiced law in Whittier, Calif. When the United States entered World War II, he worked briefly for the tire-rationing section of the Office of Price Administration in Washington, D.C., and then served in the navy as a supply officer in the South Pacific. Upon his return to Whittier after the war he entered politics, becoming the Republican candidate for Congress in California's 12th district. His first political campaign, in 1946, set the tone for many that would follow. Running against the liberal Democratic incumbent, Jerry Voorhis, Nixon suggested that Voorhis had dangerous left-wing tendencies. Nixon won easily and thereafte


Which city's social services department recently caused outcry after removing foster children from 2 UKIP members ?

Who will be held to account for the horror in Rotherham? Who will be held to account for the horror in Rotherham? A child abuse scandal on this monstrous scale demands more than just the council leader's resignation Email If Rotherham council were a family, its children would have been removed by social services long ago, and Ma and Pa Rotherham would be safely behind bars. Professor Alexis Jay’s report, which was published this week, reveals depravity on an industrial scale in the South Yorkshire town. At least 1,400 children, Prof. Jay estimates, were subjected to sexual exploitation between 1997 and 2013. Many were raped multiple times by members of gangs whose activities either were or should have been known about. Children were trafficked around the country to be abused. Those who put up resistance were beaten. And when they complained they were treated with contempt by the people who were employed to protect them. We don’t hold out much hope that anyone in a position of authority will be going to jail, nor even that anyone will lose their pension. Roger Stone OBE, leader of the Labour-run council for the past 11 years, has ‘stepped down’, saying that he would be taking responsibility. There was no mention of the 71-year-old Mr Stone ceding his pension, and neither did he show much in the way of contrition; he seemed to see his resignation as a noble act, falling on his sword so that his minions might continue in employment. It is always the same with public authorities and scandals relating to children in care. No one is ever to blame, only ‘systems’. There is always room, of course, for these nebulous ‘systems’ to be improved. But there must never be any finger-pointing. If, on rare occasions, people are forced out of their jobs, then an action for unfair dismissal invariably follows. If Rotherham Council’s social services department does have anything that deserves to be described as a ‘system’, it is a deeply flawed one. How can a child, entrusted to the care of the state, end up being delivered into the arms of abusers, the very thing that children’s services are supposed to be there to prevent? Worse, how can it happen to hundreds of children and still no one act to stop it? It has been reported that no one in the council felt strong enough to challenge the mainly Asian gangs that perpetrated the abuse for fear of accusations of racism. It’s true that racism, even of the inadvertent kind, has — along with sexism and homophobia — been turned into such a heinous crime in the eyes of public-sector functionaries that many would rather turn a blind eye to child rape than risk such accusations. Rotherham Council’s children’s services last made headlines when it removed three eastern European children from their Ukip-supporting foster parents. One of its functionaries explained it was concerned about Ukip’s opposition to the ‘active promotion of multiculturalism’. It is a pity that the council was not as concerned about the systematic abuse of the children supposedly under its care. As Colin Brewer explains on page 16, there’s also something inherently fishy about the pseudo-scientific nature of social work and how social workers are trained. But there is a bigger sickness in Rotherham, and in other councils where similar scandals have taken place: the bias towards secrecy. Wherever children are involved, the default position on the part of public authorities seems to be that they should keep information about their failures under their institutional hats — out of concern, naturally, for the privacy of the children involved. Yes, of course, the privacy of children has to be protected. But often what is really being protected is the privacy of the social workers and other staff involved. The wellbeing of hundreds of children is, in this way, sacrificed in order not to disturb careers and retirements. Social workers always come into the firing line when scandals involving children come to light — and that is right. But we should not ignore, either, the astonishing failure of the police. The Rotherham scandal is not a h


Declared First Citizen of Athens, which statesman, orator and general was leader in its Golden Age, between the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars in the 5th Century BC ?

1000+ images about ANCIENT HISTORY - Personality: Pericles on Pinterest | Ancient greece, Washington and lee university and Famous people http://www.hsc.csu.edu.au/ancient_history/personalities/greece/2532/Pericles_family.html HSC Online site that covers several aspects of Pericles life: family background and education, Pericles roles as a general and politician and other syllabus related topics. See More


Banco is the sequel to which book, made into an Oscar nominated film starring Steve McQueen in 1973 ?

Steve McQueen Steve McQueen Terrence Steven McQueen March 24, 1930(1930-03-24)Beech Grove, Indiana, U.S. Died November 7, 1980(1980-11-07) (aged 50)Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico Cause of death Edit Block McQueen's mugshot, taken in Anchorage, Alaska, 1972 Terrence Steven "Steve" McQueen (March 24, 1930 – November 7, 1980) was an American movie actor. He was nicknamed "The King of Cool." His "anti-hero" persona, which he developed at the height of the Vietnam counterculture, made him one of the top box-office draws of the 1960s and 1970s. McQueen received an Academy Award nomination for his role in The Sand Pebbles. His other popular films include The Magnificent Seven, The Great Escape, The Thomas Crown Affair, Bullitt, The Getaway, Papillon, and The Towering Inferno. In 1974, he became the highest-paid movie star in the world. Although McQueen was combative with directors and producers, his popularity put him in high demand and enabled him to command large salaries.He was an avid racer of both motorcycles and cars. While he studied acting, he supported himself partly by competing in weekend motorcycle races and bought his first motorcycle with his winnings. He is recognized for performing many of his own stunts, especially the majority of the stunt driving during the high-speed chase scene in Bullitt. McQueen also designed and patented a bucket seat and transbrake for race cars. Early life Edit Block McQueen was born Terrence Steven McQueen in Beech Grove, Indiana, a suburb of Indianapolis, in Marion County. His father, Terrence William McQueen, a stunt pilot for a barnstorming flying circus, abandoned McQueen and his mother when McQueen was six months old. His mother, Julian (née Crawford), was a young, rebellious alcoholic. Unable to cope with bringing up a small child, she left him with her parents (Victor and Lillian) in Slater, Missouri, in 1933. Shortly thereafter, as the Great Depression set in, McQueen and his grandparents moved in with Lillian's brother Claude to the latter's farm in Slater. McQueen was raised as a Roman Catholic. He had good memories of the time spent on his Great Uncle Claude's farm. In recalling Claude, McQueen stated "He was a very good man, very strong, very fair. I learned a lot from him." On McQueen's fourth birthday, Claude gave him a red tricycle, which McQueen later claimed started his interest in racing. At age 8, he was taken back by his mother and lived with her and her new husband in Indianapolis. McQueen retained a special memory of leaving the farm: "The day I left the farm Uncle Claude gave me a personal going-away present; a gold pocket watch, with an inscription inside the case." The inscription read: "To Steve-- who has been a son to me." McQueen, who was dyslexic and partially deaf as a result of a childhood ear infection, did not adjust well to his new life. Within a couple of years he was running with a street gang and committing acts of petty crime. Unable to control McQueen's behavior, his mother sent him back to Slater again. A couple of years later, when McQueen was 12, Julian wrote to Claude asking that McQueen be returned to her once again, to live in her new home in Los Angeles, California. Julian, whose second marriage had ended in divorce, had married a third time. This began an unsettled period in McQueen's life. By McQueen's own account, he and his new stepfather, "locked horns immediately." McQueen recounted him as "a prime son of a bitch", who was not averse to using his fists on both McQueen and his mother. As McQueen began to rebel once again, he was sent back to live with Claude a final time. At age 14, McQueen left Claude's farm without saying goodbye and joined a circus for a short time, after which he slowly drifted back to his mother and stepfather in Los Angeles, and resumed his life as a gang member and petty criminal. On one occasion, McQueen was caught stealing hubcaps by police, who handed him over to his stepfather. The latter proceeded to beat McQueen severely, and ended the fight by throwing McQueen down a flight of stairs. McQueen looked up


Who is the only British Actress, from a large theatrical family, to have won an Oscar, Emmy, Tony, Cannes Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards?

Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses - British Actors Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses - British Actors Updated on June 24, 2013 Every year during springtime, April 23 to be exact, the English people celebrate their national day in remembrance of their patron saint -- St. George. St.George is the patron saint of England and he is depicted as a knight who fights dragons and wielding a shield with a red cross. St George is also a patron saint of cavalry, soldiers and scouts. Part of the tradition is wearing a red rose. In commemorating English traditions and culture, I will showcase the best and famous English actors and actresses. If you have time, you can also take a look at  my other hubs about famous Irish plus Welsh actors and actresses. Without further ado, here are my list of English best and famous actors and actresses. Vanessa Redgrave Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses -- Vanessa Redgrave Vanessa Redgrave is an Academy Award winner, multi-talented stage and movie/tv actress. She is also a political activist and mother of Natasha Richardson (deceased wife of Liam Neeson). Born : 30 January 1937 -- Born in London, England, UK She became famous when she starred as Rosalind in the play "As You Like It" by the Shakespeare Theater Company. She also played numerous roles in London's West End and Broadway winning the coveted Tony Olivier Awards numerous times. She starred in more than 80 films all in all including Mary Queen of Scots, Isadora, Mission Impossible. She was proclaimed "the greatest living actress of our times" plus she remain the only British actress to have won the the Emmy, Oscar, Tony, Cannes, Screen Actors Guild and Golden Globe awards. She was also awarded the BAFTA 2010 Fellowship for "Outstanding Contribution to Film". Roger Moore Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses -- Roger Moore Sir Roger George Moore, is a famous actor and producer who is widely known for his portrayal of the character of James Bond in the same seven movie title from 1973 to 1985. before he played the role of the secret the series the Saint.  To date, Roger Moore is the longest-serving James Bond actor, having spent twelve years in the role of the secret agent. Birthdate: 14 October 1927 at Stockwell, London, England Hugh Laurie Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses -- Hugh Laurie Hugh Laurie is an actor, writer, comedian as well as musician famous for his role as Dr House as a protagonist in the tv series "House". Birthdate : 11 June 1959 at Oxford, England His acting career began when he and other comedian Stephen Fry are together in the Blackladder and Jeeves and Wooster from 1987 until 1999. He also starred in 2004 as Dr. House in which he received various awards form Emmy and Golden Globe nominations   Kate Beckinsale Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses -- Kate Beckinsale Kate Beckinsale is an English actress who made raves because of her beauty and acting talent. She was famous first in the television series “Emma“ -- the title role. She was also great in the movie “Much Ado About Nothing“ Birthdate : 26 July 1973 at London, England, UK Filmography: In 2001, she starred in the movie Pearl Harbor opposite Ben Affleck and she became more famous since then. She also starred in these films : Underworld (2003), The Avatar (2004), and Van Helsing (2004). In 2008, she earned a Critics Choice Award nomination for her performance in "Nothing but the Truth" Famous and Best English Actors Plus Actresses -- Jeremy Irons Jeremy John Irons is an English award winning actor both in stage and films. He is the actor known for his roles in Macbeth, Much Ado About Nothing, The Taming of the Shrew, Richard II, Macbeth and The Winters Tale. He began his acting career on stage plays. Birthdate: September 19, 1948, Irons was born in Cowes, Isle of Wright, England Filmography: He appeared in the movie The French Lieutenant’s Woman -- he won an award for this one in BAFTA. His other films include Moonlighting, Betrayal,The Mission,Dead Ringers, Reversal of Fortune, The House of he Spirits,


"""Lord of all beasts of the Earth"", ""Conqueror of the British Empire"" and ""King of Scotland"" are all self-given titles to which despotic 20th century African dictator?"

IDI AMIN DADA ~ UGANDA ~ MURDEROUS PERSONALITY / FASCIST CULT in CULTS OF HISTORY ............................................ Forum In 1975–1976, Amin became the Chairman of the Organisation of African Unity , a pan-Africanist group designed to promote solidarity of the African states. [6] During the 1977–1979 period, Uganda was appointed to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights . [7] From 1977 to 1979, Amin titled himself as " His Excellency , President for Life , Field Marshal Al Hadji Doctor [B] Idi Amin Dada, VC DSO , MC , Conqueror of the British Empire in Africa in General and Uganda in Particular". [8] Dissent within Uganda and Amin's attempt to annex the Kagera province of Tanzania in 1978 led to the Uganda–Tanzania War and the demise of his regime. Amin fled first to Libya , then to Saudi Arabia , where he died in 2003.   Early life and military career Amin never wrote an autobiography nor did he authorise any official written account of his life. There are discrepancies regarding when and where he was born. Most biographical sources hold that he was born in either Koboko or Kampala around 1925. [A] According to Fred Guweddeko, a researcher at Makerere University, Idi Amin was the son of Andreas Nyabire (1889–1976). Nyabire, a member of the Kakwa ethnic group , converted from Roman Catholicism to Islam in 1910 and changed his name to Amin Dada. Abandoned by his father, Idi Amin grew up with his mother's family. Guweddeko states that Amin's mother was called Assa Aatte (1904–1970), an ethnic Lugbara and a traditional herbalist who treated members of Buganda royalty, among others. Amin joined an Islamic school in Bombo in 1941. After a few years, he left school with nothing more than a fourth grade education and did odd jobs before being recruited to the army by a British colonial army officer. [9] Chronology of Amin's military promotions   Field Marshal Colonial British Army Amin joined the King's African Rifles (KAR) of the British Colonial Army in 1946 as an assistant cook. [10] He claimed he was forced to join the Army during World War II and that he served in the Burma Campaign , [11] but records indicate he was first enlisted after the war was concluded. [8] [12] He was transferred to Kenya for infantry service as a private in 1947 and served in the 21st KAR infantry battalion in Gilgil , Kenya , until 1949. That year, his unit was deployed to Somalia to fight the Somali Shifta rebels. In 1952 his brigade was deployed against the Mau Mau rebels in Kenya. He was promoted to corporal the same year, then to sergeant in 1953. [9] In 1959 Amin was made effendi ( warrant officer ), the highest rank possible for a Black African in the colonial British Army of that time. Amin returned to Uganda the same year and in 1961 he was promoted to lieutenant , becoming one of the first two Ugandans to become commissioned officers . He was then assigned to quell the cattle rustling between Uganda's Karamojong and Kenya's Turkana nomads . In 1962 he was promoted to captain and then, in 1963, to major . The following year, he was appointed Deputy Commander of the Army. [9] Amin was an active athlete during his time in the army. At 193 cm (6 ft 4 in) tall and powerfully built, he was the Ugandan light heavyweight boxing champion from 1951 to 1960, as well as a swimmer. Idi Amin was also a formidable rugby forward, [13] [14] although one officer said of him: "Idi Amin is a splendid type and a good (rugby) player, but virtually bone from the neck up, and needs things explained in words of one letter". [14] [15] In the 1950s, he played for Nile RFC. [16] There is a frequently repeated urban legend [14] [16] that he was selected as a replacement by East Africa for their match against the 1955 British Lions . The story is entirely unfounded; he does not appear on the team photograph or on the official team list [17] and replacements were not allowed in international rugby until 13 years after this event is supposed to have taken place. [18] Army commander In 1965 Prime Minister Milton Obote and Amin were implicated in a d


The birthplace of Andy Murray, an event in which town gave rise to the Cullen Report followed by the Firearms Amendment Act in 1997 ?

This topic has been hidden because it was flagged for abuse. - Google Groups This topic has been hidden because it was flagged for abuse. Showing 1-735 of 735 messages > No.  I am not a right-wing blogger.  Nor have I read any.  Believe it or > not.  I suggested the possibilty (not a certainty) of an alternative > scenario to the Left wing RMCR gospel and received the predictable > knee-jerk ridicule and contempt.  There's not a thinker among the lot of > you. This is what I get for being polite to you. Three posts, and you start spewing. It would probably gratify you if I suggested you go fuck yourself, so I won't do it. Tacoma Mall Shooting, 2005. A legally armed citizen intervenes and gets shot. Even though he had a gun! Readington Bank Robbery, 2007. FBI Agent apparently shot colleague. Even though the colleague was armed! Queens, 1994. Officer shot, probably by fellow officer. He had a gun, yet he got shot! 2007 (apparently): "An off-duty cop, a plainclothes cop, and a uniformed cop, in New York City: "'On Aug. 22, a plainclothes transit officer, Desmond Robinson, was shot four times by an off-duty New York Police Department officer, Peter Del-Debbio, in a case of mistaken identity in a subway station on the East Side of Manhattan. Officer Del-Debbio was also shot, by another transit officer. Some witnesses contend that both men failed to identify themselves as officers.'" Writer James Macdonald, a Navy veteran and EMT, says, "Imagine how much better it would have turned out if there had been fifty civilians carrying concealed handguns on that subway platform, all of them clear-eyed freedom-loving libertarians eager to be heroes." Kip W >>> No.  I am not a right-wing blogger.  Nor have I read any.  Believe >>> it or not.  I suggested the possibilty (not a certainty) of an >>> alternative scenario to the Left wing RMCR gospel and received the >>> predictable knee-jerk ridicule and contempt.  There's not a thinker >>> among the lot of you. >> >> This is what I get for being polite to you. >> >> Three posts, and you start spewing. >> >> It would probably gratify you if I suggested you go fuck yourself, so >> I won't do it. > You tried to ridicule my argument, thusly: > > "I've never seen "more likely" used to mean "maybe but maybe not, I'm > really not sure." Most often, it means the speaker thought it was more > likely." > I don't consider that polite, sorry.  I had not seen your later defense > of what I said when I posted the above.  How you could ridicule what I > said and then defend it, I don't know.  Perhaps you accepted my > explanation.  If so, you could have said so.  I'm not a mind reader. That's ridicule? Good grief! What kind of sheltered life do you live? I'm so sorry that I tend to use mildly humorous phrasing when making points. It's so terribly offensive. I've talked this way all my life, and up to now the only problem is that sometimes people didn't laugh. You always escalate, you always get insulted from mild badinage that nobody else even notices, and you always think that gives you a license to spew. You're going in the filter, as the possibility of having an intelligent conversation with you is perishingly small. Kip W On Jul 22, 8:48 pm, "Frank Berger" < frankdber...@gmail.com > wrote: > But the anti-gun crowd will have to > explain how outlawing or severely restricting the sale of guns in the future > will address the fact that there may be more guns in the U.S. than there are > people.  The bad guys will always be able to get guns.  It makes little > sense to outlaw gun sales without figuring a way to collect the existing > weapons. The physicist Steven Weinberg said that regardless of religion you will have "good people doing good things and evil people doing evil things. However, for good people to do evil things, it takes religion." That cogent thought can easily be adapted to the issue of guns: good people will keep doing good things and evil people doing evil things. However, for good people to end up shooting other good people, it helps to have easy access to guns. Le lundi 23 juillet 201


In which century did William Wallace live most of his life ?

BBC - Scotland's History - William Wallace Scotland's History Scotland's History Articles William Wallace William Wallace The Adobe Flash player and Javascript are required in order to view a video which appears on this page. You may wish to download the Adobe Flash player . "This is the truth I tell you: of all things freedom's most fine. Never submit to live, my son, in the bonds of slavery entwined." William Wallace – His Uncle's proverb, from Bower's Scotichronicon c.1440s The reputation of William Wallace runs like a fault line through later medieval chronicles. For the Scots, William Wallace was an exemplar of unbending commitment to Scotland's independence who died a martyr to the cause. For centuries after its publication, Blind Harry's 15th–century epic poem, 'The Wallace', was the second most popular book in Scotland after the Bible. For the English chroniclers he was an outlaw, a murderer, the perpetrator of atrocities and a traitor. How did an obscure Scot obtain such notoriety? Wallace was the younger son of a Scottish knight and minor landowner. His name, Wallace or le Waleis, means the Welshman, and he was probably descended from Richard Wallace who had followed the Stewart family to Scotland in the 12th century. Little is known of Wallace's life before 1297. He was certainly educated, possibly by his uncle – a priest at Dunipace – who taught him French and Latin. It's also possible, given his later military exploits, that he had some previous military experience. In 1296 Scotland had been conquered. Beneath the surface there were deep resentments. Many of the Scots nobles were imprisoned, they were punitively taxed and expected to serve King Edward I in his military campaigns against France. The flames of revolt spread across Scotland. In May 1297 Wallace slew William Heselrig, the English Sheriff of Lanark. Soon his rising gained momentum, as men "oppressed by the burden of servitude under the intolerable rule of English domination" joined him "like a swarm of bees". From his base in the Ettrick Forest his followers struck at Scone, Ancrum and Dundee. At the same time in the north, the young Andrew Murray led an even more successful rising. From Avoch in the Black Isle, he took Inverness and stormed Urquhart Castle by Loch Ness. His MacDougall allies cleared the west, whilst he struck through the north east. Wallace's rising drew strength from the south, and, with most of Scotland liberated, Wallace and Murray now faced open battle with an English army. The Adobe Flash player and Javascript are required in order to view a video which appears on this page. You may wish to download the Adobe Flash player . On 11th September Wallace and Murray achieved a stunning victory at the Battle of Stirling Bridge. The English left with 5,000 dead on the field, including their despised treasurer, Hugh Cressingham, whose flayed skin was taken as a trophy of victory and to make a belt for Wallace's sword. The Scots suffered one significant casualty, Andrew Murray, who was badly wounded and died two months later. "Commander of the Army of the Kingdom of Scotland" – the outlaw Wallace was now knighted and made Guardian of Scotland in Balliol's name at the forest kirk, at either Selkirk or Carluke. It was a remarkable achievement for a mere knight to hold power over the nobles of Scotland. In a medieval world obsessed with hierarchy, Wallace's extraordinary military success catapulted him to the top of the social ladder. He now guided Scottish policy. Letters were dispatched to Europe proclaiming Scotland's renewed independence and he managed to obtain from the Papacy the appointment of the patriotic Bishop Lamberton to the vacant Bishopric of St Andrews. Militarily he took the war into the north of England, raiding around Newcastle and wreaking havoc across the north. Contemporary English chroniclers accused him of atrocities, some no doubt warranted, however, in Wallace's eyes the war, since its beginning, had been marked by brutality and butchery. The English nobility had been on the edge of civil war with Edward I. The