The Ebola disease is named after an African?

Brief Ebola General History Brief General History of Ebola In 1976, Ebola (named after the Ebola River in Zaire) first emerged in Sudan  and Zaire. The first outbreak of Ebola (Ebola-Sudan) infected over 284 people,  with a mortality rate of 53%. A few months later, the second Ebola virus emerged  from Yambuku, Zaire, Ebola-Zaire (EBOZ). EBOZ, with the highest mortality rate  of any of the Ebola viruses (88%), infected 318 people. Despite the tremendous  effort of experienced and dedicated researchers, Ebola's natural reservoir was  never identified. The third strain of Ebola, Ebola Reston (EBOR), was first  identified in 1989 when infected monkeys were imported into Reston, Virginia,  from Mindanao in the Philippines. Fortunately, the few people who were infected  with EBOR (seroconverted) never developed Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF). The  last known strain of Ebola, Ebola Cote d'Ivoire (EBO-CI) was discovered in 1994  when a female ethologist performing a necropsy on a dead chimpanzee from the  Tai Forest, Cote d'Ivoire, accidentally infected herself during the necropsy. Map of Ebola Outbreaks in Africa Map of Ebola Reston Infected Monkeys in Philippines ©1999 Tara Waterman


A mattock (alternatively called a dibber in some countries) is used mainly for?

Climate Risk Map – Mainly Countries Hostile to the USA | Watts Up With That? Watts Up With That? The world's most viewed site on global warming and climate change Menu Guest Blogger / January 14, 2015 Guest essay by Eric Worrall UK Climate experts have prepared a map of countries they think are most at risk of climate change. However their map could easily be mistaken for a geopolitical risk map – the most “endangered” countries are, with few exceptions, countries which are neutral to or even hostile to the USA and Western interests. http://blog.theecoexperts.co.uk/climate-change-map High on their risk are countries such as Syria, Iraq, Yemen, and Afghanistan, countries whose populations regularly express hostility towards the USA and Western values. US allies such as Australia, the United Kingdom, Canada, and most of Europe score well on the risk map – they are listed as countries least likely to be severely impacted by climate change. All of this poses an obvious question – if we accept the map at face value, why should we care about climate change? Rate this: 179 thoughts on “Climate Risk Map – Mainly Countries Hostile to the USA” Mac the Knife “Why should we care about Climate Change?” Because the Enema of my Enema is my friend that is full of $#IT george e. smith “””””…..All of this poses an obvious question – if we accept the map at face value, why should we care about climate change?…..””””” Well there’s the rub; “if we accept…bla bla bla…. The “Map” is absurd on its face. The currently inhabited countries deemed most unable to accept / adapt to climate change, are well known from history and paleontological research, to have survived, and flourished, and remained inhabited for hundreds of thousands; maybe millions of years longer than other countries that are mere hundreds of years inhabited, and many more that were uninhabited say 2,000 years ago. So nyet, on that map being real or even having any face value. It is sheer poppycock. Smack dab in the middle of obummer’s homeland… Now it is starting to make sense. /sarc (kind of) Louis Right. What difference does climate change make? Those countries would be “at risk” whether there is climate change or not. AndyG55 interesting. no country with a healthy economy is at risk from climate change. so the UN proposes we cripple our economies to defend ourselves. Only the UN could come up with such a plan. Anything is possible January 14, 2015 at 11:21 pm What do they mean by “at risk of climate change”? Risk is probability multiplied by consequence. What is the probability of climate change? What is the consequence of climate change? Do they tell us? Since the source article was written by green troughers, members of the green blob, not UK climate experts, it has no worth. Harrowsceptic By UK climate Experts do you mean the staff of the University of East Anglia’s Climatic Research Unit,and thier “climategate” background, or did you miss off the sarc notification Alan the Brit Funnily enough, no! Some Environment Dept at the Uni of Notre Dame, by inference, pre-loaded conclusions from the get go! John the Cube January 15, 2015 at 8:18 am “What do they mean by “at risk of climate change”? Risk is probability multiplied by consequence. What is the probability of climate change? What is the consequence of climate change? Do they tell us?” There ya go with that arithmetic stuff again. Next you’ll want the tmperature numbers to make sense. January 15, 2015 at 5:05 am I find it a bit odd that they would put the Netherlands among those to be least impacted by ‘climate change’. A post yesterday on WUWT had a couple of researchers claiming an acceleration in the rate of sea level rise. It’s all a pack of crap anyway. January 15, 2015 at 9:47 pm Jimbo – Not a problem. At the supposed rate of sea level rise, a few grains of sand added to the dykes every year in the Netherlands will suffice. Probably not as much road sand as we use each winter … (coarse sand 0.2 mm to 2 mm) BioBob What’s the probability of any value multiplied times ZERO risk ? Inquiring minds want to k


A negotiating offer that is available for discussion is said to be 'On the (What?)'?

15 Rules for Negotiating a Job Offer 15 Rules for Negotiating a Job Offer 15 Rules for Negotiating a Job Offer View more from the Executive Summary Reprint: R1404K The author, a professor of negotiation at Harvard Business School, offers specific pieces of advice for job candidates: Don’t underestimate the importance of likability. Help prospective employers understand why you deserve what you’re requesting. Make it clear that they can get you. Understand the person across the table from you. Understand his or her constraints. Be prepared for tough questions. Focus on the questioner’s intent, not on the question. Consider the whole deal. Negotiate multiple issues simultaneously, not serially. Don’t negotiate just for the sake of negotiating (a pitfall for recent MBA graduates). Think through the timing of offers. Avoid, ignore, or downplay ultimatums. Remember that your interviewer isn’t out to get you. Stay at the table. Maintain a sense of perspective. Job-offer negotiations are rarely easy. Consider three typical scenarios: You’re in a third-round interview for a job at a company you like, but a firm you admire even more just invited you in. Suddenly the first hiring manager cuts to the chase: “As you know, we’re considering many candidates. We like you, and we hope the feeling is mutual. If we make you a competitive offer, will you accept it?” You’ve received an offer for a job you’ll enjoy, but the salary is lower than you think you deserve. You ask your potential boss whether she has any flexibility. “We typically don’t hire people with your background, and we have a different culture here,” she responds. “This job isn’t just about the money. Are you saying you won’t take it unless we increase the pay?” You’ve been working happily at your company for three years, but a recruiter has been calling, insisting that you could earn much more elsewhere. You don’t want to quit, but you expect to be compensated fairly, so you’d like to ask for a raise. Unfortunately, budgets are tight, and your boss doesn’t react well when people try to leverage outside offers. What do you do? Each of these situations is difficult in its own way—and emblematic of how complex job negotiations can be. At many companies, compensation increasingly comes in the form of stock, options, and bonuses linked to both personal and group performance. In MBA recruitment, more companies are using “exploding” offers or sliding-scale signing bonuses based on when a candidate accepts the job, complicating attempts to compare offers. With executive mobility on the rise, people vying for similar positions often have vastly different backgrounds, strengths, and salary histories, making it hard for employers to set benchmarks or create standard packages. In some industries a weak labor market has also left candidates with fewer options and less leverage, and employers better positioned to dictate terms. Those who are unemployed, or whose current job seems shaky, have seen their bargaining power further reduced. But job market complexity creates opportunities for people who can skillfully negotiate the terms and conditions of employment. After all, negotiation matters most when there is a broad range of possible outcomes. As a professor who studies and teaches the subject, I frequently advise current and former students on navigating this terrain. For several years I have been offering a presentation on the topic to current students. (To see a video of this talk, go to www.NegotiateYourOffer.com .) Every situation is unique, but some strategies, tactics, and principles can help you address many of the issues people face in negotiating with employers. Here are 15 rules to guide you in these discussions. The Rules Don’t underestimate the importance of likability. This sounds basic, but it’s crucial: People are going to fight for you only if they like you. Anything you do in a negotiation that makes you less likable reduces the chances that the other side will work to get you a better offer. This is about more than being polite; it’s about managing some inevitable t


The adjacent African nations Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, and Benin have coastlines facing?

High Sea Piracy in West Africa stokes widespread security concerns | West Africa High Sea Piracy in West Africa stokes widespread security concerns By Nirit Ben-Ari    While piracy in Somalia's Gulf of Aden is currently on the decline, it has spread to West Africa. But for many people, the phrase maritime piracy evokes images of a one-eyed sailor drinking rum and singing obscene songs, or like Hollywood actor Johnny Depp, wearing a headband in a scene from the film Pirates of the Caribbean.   But maritime piracy is not just an action movie. The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea defines piracy as "illegal acts of violence or detention" committed on the high seas against ships or aircrafts. Piracy is a serious problem and it poses a real threat not only to the safety of vessels and their crews, but also to the economies of affected countries. The scale of losses is staggering—more than $100 billion worth of oil has gone missing... In Africa, while piracy in Somalia's Gulf of Aden is currently on the decline, it has spread to West Africa. Although most attacks in the region take place in Nigeria's Niger Delta region, there have also been attacks in Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea and Togo, among others, according to the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Reuters news agency reported that one such attack took place in October 2013 off Nigeria's coast, where pirates attacked an oil supply vessel and kidnapped the captain and chief engineer, both American citizens. The report says that "pirate attacks off Nigeria's coast have jumped by a third this year as ships passing through West Africa's Gulf of Guinea, a major commodities route, have increasingly come under threat from gangs wanting to snatch cargoes and crews." Unlike pirates along Somalia's coast, who are often only after ransom, pirates in West Africa also steal goods, particularly oil. Many attacks end up with crew members injured or killed. But pirate attacks do not only result in killings and injuries, tragic as those are; they also damage the economy. In some cases, affected countries in West Africa have become less concerned with direct losses from piracy than with the ways in which these losses affect international insurance rates and other trade-related costs.  In Benin, for example, taxes on trade account for half of government revenue, and 80% of these are derived from the port of Cotonou, according to UNODC figures published in March 2013. Last year the spike in pirate attacks in West Africa led London-based Lloyd's Market Association, an umbrella group of maritime insurers, to list Nigeria, neighboring Benin and nearby waters in the same risk category as Somalia, says Claims Journal, a magazine for insurance professionals. The result was a significant decrease in maritime traffic in the region, which meant a 28% loss in Benin's government revenue. The decrease also affected the livelihoods of the country's citizens, says UNODC, by increasing the cost of imports and decreasing the competitiveness of exports. According to Reuters news agency, though ships now speed with armed guards on board through the dangerous waters off Somalia and the Horn of Africa on the east coast of the continent, many vessels have to anchor to do business with West African countries, with little protection. This makes them a soft target for criminals, says Reuters, and jacks up insurance costs. Corruption drives piracy As is often the case, corruption, weak law enforcement and poverty are the main causes of piracy, according to Dr. Christian Bueger, a Cardiff University researcher and editor of Piracy-Studies.org, an online research portal. In an interview with Africa Renewal, Bueger said, "Piracy tends to be conducted or supported by marginalized communities that have not been participating in economic development."  This appears to be the case for Nigeria, for example, where the majority of the recent African pirate attacks have occurred, driven mainly by corruption in the oil sector. Chatham House, a British research group, reported in September 2013 that "corruption a


Traditional 'western' breadmaking generally requires flour defined as?

How to Make Bread - Allrecipes Dish How to Make Bread Rye Beer Bread | Photo by lutzflcat Baking bread is actually quite simple. It’s just a handful of basic ingredients. Still, it’s an art as well as an exacting science, requiring attention to detail. The main point to keep in mind is that the star of the show, yeast, is actually a living organism. It requires a warm, moist environment and a food source to grow and thrive. Before you’re a baker, you’re kind of a rancher, feeding and growing the yeast. Behold, the basic steps to making yeast bread: 1) Proof the Yeast Yeast feeds on sugars and starches in the dough. And when it grows, it produces carbon dioxide that makes your dough rise. Yeast is a living organism; it’s also very sensitive. Too much heat (at the wrong time), sugar, or salt can kill it. When you’re “proofing,” you’re growing the yeast: this ensures it is active and re-hydrated. Note: This step is not required for fresh or instant yeast. To proof yeast: Pour 1 cup of warm (110 degrees F) water into a bowl. Add 2 teaspoons of sugar; stir to dissolve. Sprinkle a packet of yeast (2 ½ teaspoons) on top. Let it sit for a few minutes, then stir until it dissolves. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and set it in a warm, draft-free place (inside your turned-off oven, for example). Within 5 to 10 minutes the top of the mixture should have turned creamy and foamy, which means the yeast is working. If nothing happens, the yeast is dead; discard the mixture and try again with different yeast. You’re foamy, proofed yeast should look like this. Photo by Meredith Types of Yeast: Active dry yeast is the most commonly available form for home bakers. It is available in 1/4-oz packets or jars. Store jars in the refrigerator after opening. Be sure to check the expiration date before baking. Instant yeast is a dry yeast developed in the past thirty years. It comes in smaller granules than active dry yeast, absorbs liquid rapidly, and doesn’t need to be hydrated or “proofed” before being mixed into flour. “Bread Machine Yeast” is instant yeast that may include ascorbic acid, a dough conditioner. Cake yeast, or compressed yeast, is fresh yeast. It is used by many professional bakers and can be found in the refrigerated section of some supermarkets. It has a short shelf-life of one to two weeks. Some pastry recipes call for fresh yeast, which comes in 0.6-oz squares. A 0.6-oz cube of cake yeast is roughly equivalent to 2 to 2-1/4 tsp. active dry rapid rise, instant, or bread machine yeast. No time for yeast bread? Consider quick breads like pumpkin breads and banana breads, muffins, scones, and biscuits. They don’t need time to rise and require no kneading. Check out how to bake the best quick breads . Related: How to Make Bread in a Bread Machine 2) Combine Ingredients and Mix Well Combine the liquid and proofed yeast at the bottom of a mixing bowl. Add flour and salt. Some of the best breads are “lean doughs,” consisting simply of flour, water, yeast, and salt. Baguettes and ciabatta bread are examples of lean doughs. Enriched doughs contain fat, whether in the form of butter, milk, oil, or eggs. Challah, brioche, and sweet roll doughs are enriched doughs. If your recipe calls for butter or egg yolks, mix the flour-water-yeast mixture to hydrate the flour and develop the gluten strands before working in the fat. 3) Knead the Dough until Smooth and Soft Using a plastic bowl scraper, wooden spoon, or your hands, scrape the dough onto a liberally floured work surface. Kneading develops long elastic strands of gluten, or wheat protein, which trap the gases produced by the yeast. Kneading by hand is not a complicated process, but it does require some stamina. With the heels of your hands, press the dough down and away from you. Fold the dough over, turn 90 degrees, and repeat over and over until the dough is smooth and elastic. If you’re using a stand mixer, knead with the hook attachment on low speed until the dough is elastic. Flour or oil your fingertips and pinch off a small piece of dough. You should be able to stretch the dough


Likud, Yesh Atid, and Shas are political parties of which country?

Political Parties - Fanack Chronicle Political Parties October 28th, 2013 / December 12th, 2016 Political Parties The current nineteenth Knesset , elected on 22 January 2013, is made up of twelve political parties. A number of new political parties were founded ahead of the 2013 elections . Yesh Atid (There is a Future) was founded by former anchor man Yair Lapid. The party aims to fight corruption, improve the middle class’ economic position and mandate that all Israelis perform national service. Former Kadima leader and former Foreign Minister Tzipi Livni established HaTnua (The Movement) as a diplomatic alternative to Netanyahu’s Likud . The ultra-nationalist HaBayit HaYehudi (The Jewish Home), led by Naftali Bennett, gave Likud a run for its votes. In order of number of seats the nineteenth Knesset is composed of: Likud (Consolidation)/ Yisrael Beiteinu (Israel Our Home) (right-wing/extreme-right wing, Zionist, 31 seats out of a total of 120 Knesset seats, 20 of which went to Likud; the remaining 11 went to Yisrael Beiteinu); Yesh Atid (centrist, Zionist, 19 seats); Israeli Labour Party (or HaAvoda, centrist, Zionist 15 seats); HaBayit HaYehudi (extreme-right wing, Zionist, 12 seats); Shas (Sfarad’s Guards [of the Torah], Sephardic ultra-Orthodox, 11 seats); United Torah Judaism (Ashkenazi ultra-Orthodox, Zionist, 7 seats); HaTnua (right wing, Zionist, 6 seats); Meretz (Energy, centre-left, Zionist, 6 seats); Hadash (New, left wing, non-Zionist, 4 seats); United Arab List (or Ra’am-Ta’al)/ Arab Movement for Renewal (Palestinian, non-Zionist, 4 seats); Balad (the Land; Palestinian, non-Zionist, 3 seats); and Kadima (Forward, right wing, Zionist, 2 seats). A range of other parties did not succeed in passing the threshold. Voter turnout was 67.8 percent (64.7 percent in 2009); among Israeli Palestinians it was 56 percent (53.4 percent in 2009), according to the Central Elections Committee (election results). On 14 March 2013 a coalition government was formed, made up of Likud/Yisrael Beiteinu, Yesh Atid, HaBayit HaYehudi and HaTnua, which between them held 68 seats out of a total of 120 Knesset seats. Four days later it won a vote of confidence in the Knesset and was sworn in later that day. Benjamin Netanyahu , the leader of Likud, remained Prime Minister . Avigdor Lieberman (Yisrael Beiteinu) resigned as Minister of Foreign Affairs due to corruption charges in December 2012. Yair Lapid (Yesh Atid) became Minister of Finance , while Naftali Bennett (HaBayit HaYehudi) was appointed as  Minister of Industry, Trade and Labour , as well as Minister of Religious Services . Tzipi Livni of HaTnua (The Movement) became Israel’s chief negotiator with the Palestinian National Authority. The Knesset in West Jerusalem Likud Likud (Consolidation) was founded in 1973 by Menachem Begin as an alliance of a number of small right wing and liberal parties. Likud’s first success was its victory in the general elections of 1977, as a result of which Begin became the first non-socialist Prime Minister of Israel. In 2005, after a long political struggle with opponents within the party, and after Labour had left the governing coalition, the then leader of Likud, Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, announced he would leave the party and would found a new centrist party under the name of Kadima.He was succeeded by Benjamin Netanyahu, who since 2009 holds the post of Prime Minister. Yisrael Beiteinu Yisrael Beiteinu (Israel Our Home) was founded in 1999 by Avigdor Lieberman , former director-general of Likud, who left this party as a result of misgivings about concessions Prime Minister Netanyahu made to the Palestinian National Authority in 1997 in the so-called Wye River Memorandum . Yisrael Beiteinu is a nationalist party on the extreme right that essentially serves the interests of immigrants from the former Soviet Union, of whom more than 800,000 entered Israel in the 1990-1997 period. In the 2009 and 2013 elections the party joined Netanyahu’s coalition government. Yesh Atid Yesh Atid (There is a Future) was founded in 2012 by former anchor man Y


The UK government was criticized in 2014 for promoting the euphemistic term 'Mitochondrial transfer' to avoid controversy about genetic modification of?

Holy Apostles Convent - A Church Study on Bioethics A CHURCH STUDY ON BIOETHICS Copyright 2014, Holy Apostles Convent Buena Vista, Colorado All Rights Reserved TABLE OF CONTENTS In Section I, after our Introduction and Outline, we   continue with informative talks on how the image of God and ensoulment pertains to the human   being. Section I. The Image of God and Ensoulment I.A. Introduction and Outline 1.A.1. Earlier Laws and Codes of Bioethics 1.A.2. Neo-Darwinism I.B. Introduction to the Image of God and Personhood I.B.1. Aborting the Image Bearers I.B.2. The Fathers Explain What it Means to Be in the Image of   God I.C. The Fathers on the Soul and How the Soul   Animates I.C.1. Scriptures and Prophetic Testimony of the Embryo’s   Personhood and God’s Providence I.C.2. Christ and the Human Soul I.C.3. Those in Scriptures Sanctified from the Womb I.C.4. The Fathers on the Cause of Existence of Soul and Body + + + In Section II, we discuss reproduction and the life   sciences. Some of the subjects in this section involve the taking of life at some point of   usage or application. Section II. Reproductive and Life Sciences II.A. Contraception II.A.1. The Orthodox and Contraception II.A.2. Some Basic Definitions II.A.3. Abortifacient Effects of The Pill II.A.4. The Birth Control Pill and Other Devices II.A.5. The Fathers on Contraception and the Bearing of   Children II.A.6. A Modern Time Line of Population Control and Child   Prevention to Induced Abortion II.A.7. The Child Prevention Mentality II.A.8. The War on the Preborn II.A.9. For Consideration II.A.10. Extra: More Technical Information on the Abortifacient   Mechanisms of The Pill II.B. Abortion, Infanticide, Contraception: The Fathers   Speak II.B.1. Abortion Methods and Procedures II.B.2. American Law and Abortion II.B.3. Prenatal Screening and Risk for Mother II.B.4. Right to Privacy and Abortion II.B.5. Abominations Listed in Scriptures II.B.6. Exodus 21, as found in The Rudder II.B.7. Canons from The Rudder II.B.8. Abortion Risks II.C.2. Defining Active and Passive Euthanasia II.C.3. Palliative Care II.C.4. Induced Loss of Consciousness II.C.5. Counseling the Terminal Patient II.C.6. Pitfalls of Euthanasia II.C.7. Biblical Ethics and Minimal Care II.C.8. Examples in Scripture of Euthanasia II.C.9. Today’s Medicine, Pro-Evolution II.C.10. The Christian Physician II.C.11. Permanent Vegetative State and Artificial Hydration and   Nutrition II.C.12. Brain Death II.C.13. Applying Scripture to Define True Death II.C.14. Disproportionate Care II.C.15. Analgesic Treatments That Curtail Life II.C.16. Purpose of Pain II.C.17. Warning: Places Where Euthanasia Is Legal II.D. Transplantation II.D.1. Transplantation and the Orthodox Christian II.E. Assisted Reproduction and Bioethics II.E.1. The Integrity of Marriage and of the Family II.E.1.a. The Meaning of Marriage and Assisted Reproduction II.E.1.b. In Vitro Fertilization and Marital Unity II.E.1.c. Marriage and Procreation II.E.2.a. In Vitro Fertilization, Described II.E.2.b. Simple Definitions For Use in Artificial Insemination   Literature II.E.2.c. In Vitro Fertilization, Detrimental   Effects II.E.2.d. In Vitro Fertilization Issues with Embryo   Transfer and Surrogacy II.E.2.e. In Vitro Fertilization and Eugenics II.E.2.f. Masturbation II.E.2.g. An Appeal to Avoid God’s Judgment II.E.2.h. Assisted Reproduction and Sterility and   Infertility II.E.3. Artificial Insemination by Donor, Techniques II.E.3.a. Artificial Insemination and Gamete Transfer II.E.4. Posthumous Reproduction II.E.4.a. Posthumous Retrieval and Reproduction II.E.5. Surrogacy II.E.5.a. Surrogate Motherhood and Other Collaborative   Reproduction Techniques II.E.6. Cryo-Preservation II.E.6.a. Cryo-preservation of Our Children: Embryos in   Stasis II.E.6.b. Our Cold-preserved Children II.F. Ectogenic or Artificial Wombs II.F.1. Gestation Outside of the Womb: Ectogenesis or Artificial   Wombs II.F.2. The Artificial Womb II.G. Chimeras + + + In Section III, we discuss the embryo. Many of the   subtitles in this


What technical term refers to documents/money held by a third party while agreement/conditions are fulfilled between two others?

§ 668.1 Scope. (a) This part establishes general rules that apply to an institution that participates in any student financial assistance program authorized by Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended (Title IV, HEA program). To the extent that an institution contracts with a third-party servicer to administer any aspect of the institution's participation in any Title IV, HEA program, the applicable rules in this part also apply to that servicer. An institution's use of a third-party servicer does not alter the institution's responsibility for compliance with the rules in this part. (b) As used in this part, an “institution” includes— (1) An institution of higher education as defined in 34 CFR 600.4; (2) A proprietary institution of higher education as defined in 34 CFR 600.5; and (3) A postsecondary vocational institution as defined in 34 CFR 600.6. (c) The Title IV, HEA programs include— (1) The Federal Pell Grant Program (20 U.S.C. 1070a et seq. (2) The Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG) Program (20 U.S.C. 1070a-1; 34 CFR part 691); (3) The Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant (FSEOG) Program (20 U.S.C. 1070b et seq. ; 34 CFR parts 673 and 676); (4) The Leveraging Educational Assistance Partnership (LEAP) Program (20 U.S.C. 1070c et seq. (5) The Federal Stafford Loan Program (20 U.S.C. 1071 et seq.; (6) The Federal PLUS Program (20 U.S.C. 1078-2; 34 CFR part 682); (7) The Federal Consolidation Loan Program (20 U.S.C. 1078-3; 34 CFR part 682); (8) The Federal Work-Study (FWS) Program (42 U.S.C. 2751 et seq. ; 34 CFR parts 673 and 675); (9) The William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (Direct Loan) Program (20 U.S.C. 1087a et seq. (10) The Federal Perkins Loan Program (20 U.S.C. 1087aa et seq.; 34 CFR parts 673 and 674); (11) The National Science and Mathematics Access to Retain Talent Grant (National SMART Grant) Program (20 U.S.C. 1070a-1; 34 CFR part 691); and (12) The Teacher Education Assistance for College and Higher Education (TEACH) Grant program. (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq. ) [52 FR 45724, Dec. 1, 1987, as amended at 56 FR 36696, July 31, 1991; 59 FR 22418, Apr. 29, 1994; 61 FR 60396, Nov. 27, 1996; 63 FR 40623, July 29, 1998; 65 FR 38729, June 22, 2000; 71 FR 38002, July 3, 2006; 73 35492, June 23, 2008] § 668.2 General definitions. (a) The following definitions are contained in the regulations for Institutional Eligibility under the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, 34 CFR part 600: Accredited (b) The following definitions apply to all Title IV, HEA programs: Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG) Program: A grant program authorized by Title IV-A-1 of the HEA under which grants are awarded during the first and second academic years of study to eligible financially needy undergraduate students who successfully complete rigorous secondary school programs of study. (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1070a-1) (1) The Federal Perkins Loan Program (34 CFR parts 673 and 674); (2) The Federal Work-Study (FWS) Program (34 CFR parts 673 and 675); and (3) The Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant (FSEOG) Program (34 CFR parts 673 and 676). Defense loan: A loan made before July 1, 1972, under Title II of the National Defense Education Act of 1958. (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 421-429) Any student who does not qualify as an independent student (see Independent student ). Designated department official: An official of the Department of Education to whom the Secretary has delegated responsibilities indicated in this part. Direct Loan Program loan: A loan made under the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program. (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1087a Enrolled: The status of a student who— (1) Has completed the registration requirements (except for the payment of tuition and fees) at the institution that he or she is attending; or (2) Has been admitted into an educational program offered predominantly by correspondence and has submitted one lesson, completed by him or her after acceptance for enrollment and without the help of a representative of the institution. (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1088) Expected fa


Bright, Burley, and Oriental are leaves used for what?

Making Our Cigarettes - Philip Morris USA Making Our Cigarettes Our Approach Manufacturing premium tobacco products begins with high-quality tobacco. We designed the Philip Morris Production System (PM-PS) based on core concepts of lean manufacturing with a focus on continuous improvement for maximum productivity. PM-PS guides the way we work across our manufacturing operations. Our Richmond manufacturing and processing facilities — including the Manufacturing Center, Park 500 and the Flavor Center — have achieved ISO 9001 registration. Achieving consistency and quality are central to exceeding the expectations of our adult tobacco consumers.  Making Our Cigarettes   Philip Morris USA's approach to making cigarettes, our core product, involves many phases. With each, we work hard to provide the best quality tobacco products to adults who use them. Our Approach to Manufacturing The combination of advanced manufacturing technology; well-trained, engaged     and experienced employees; and a system of continuous day-to-day improvement positions     PM USA to best maximize our production capacity. Our Philip Morris Production System (PM-PS) is built on processes and organizational     structure designed to deliver system-wide flexibility, innovation and improved performance,     with the ultimate objective of manufacturing high-quality products at the best possible     cost.   Varieties of Tobacco The primary component in each of our cigarette brands is tobacco. Therefore, quality                             control of the types and grades we use is critical. American cigarettes are a blend                             of three main tobaccos: bright, burley and Oriental. Most bright and burley that we use is grown in the United States, while Oriental                             tobacco, also known as Turkish, is grown in several Mediterranean countries. Bright, which is often called flue-cured or Virginia tobacco, is similar to the                             large-leaf Spanish tobacco planted by John Rolfe, the English settler credited with                             the first successful cultivation of tobacco as a cash crop in Virginia. It is grown                             primarily in Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama and Florida. Burley tobacco                             is grown primarily in Kentucky and Tennessee, and also in North Carolina, Virginia,                             West Virginia, Ohio, Indiana and Missouri.   Bright vs Burley BRIGHT Bright tobacco matures from the bottom leaves up, so they are picked first; then                               each succeeding layer as they mature, until only the top leaves are left for final                               harvest. Leaves are graded according to their position on the stalk. BURLEY The process of growing and selling burley tobacco is similar to that of bright,                               but there are significant differences in the way burley is harvested and cured.   Harvesting BRIGHT Most tobacco farmers today utilize mechanical harvesters. As the bottom leaves of                               bright tobacco are picked or primed, the are placed on a mechanical harvester. As                               the harvesters move over a row of tobacco plants, the mature leaves are pulled off                               the stalk and transported up to removable trailers at the top of the harvester. BURLEY When harvesting burley, the entire stalk is cut by hand and air-cured in natural                               atmospheric conditions over an eight-week period.   Curing BRIGHT The first step in


'Lager' beer is named from German meaning?

Lager | Define Lager at Dictionary.com C19: from Afrikaans lager, via German from Old High German legar bed, lair Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for lager Expand n. 1858, American English, short for lager beer (1845), from German Lagerbier "beer brewed for keeping" some months before being drunk, from Lager "storehouse" (see lair ) + Bier "beer." Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper


In biochemistry the suffix '-ose' usually denotes what common sort of substance?

Amylase enzyme protease enzyme cellulase enzyme lipase enzyme breakdown starch protein fiber fat oil Activity and Stability of Enzymes? How        Are Enzymes Named? One researcher reports treating grain, sorghum or barley with the        enzyme "gumase" while another reports the same with        the enzyme "beta-glucanase" When methodologies are        examined, it is discovered that both of  these preparations are        the same product. Unfortunately, this apparent contradiction in        terms happens often. Enzymes have been  named by several        methods and  this fact has been known  to cause confusion        in their  classification. For example, common or "trivial" names of enzymes, generally contain a  prefix representing the        name of the substance or substrate upon which  they act        or affect,   followed by the suffix "ase".        The "ase" simply denotes or identifies that the substance        is an enzyme. Examples of this system of nomenclature includes the enzyme        that catalyzes the conversion of proteins into their        component amino acids, the name of this enzyme is "protease" or "proteinase". Another example is the enzyme that accelerates        the breakdown of the two components of starch into sugars.        The components of starch are known as "amylose" and "amylo-pectin",        thus, the enzyme helping to break them down is called "amylase".        Confusion may exist, however, when older names of enzymes are used. Included        in these older terms are ficin, pepsin, bromelin and trypsin, which        are older trivial names of individual types of protease preparations,        the enzymes that accelerate digestion of proteins. There are also        many sub- classes of enzymes. Amylases are a prime example; subclasses        of amylase include: alpha-amylase, beta-amylase, and gluco-amylase,        to name a few. All these enzymes do is accelerate the digestion        of starch and are broadly classified as amylases, but        their actions are all slightly different in nature. To help sort this out, the International Union of Biochemistry in        1961 proposed a system for enzymes' classification and naming which        is finding acceptance  mainly  in this discussion. One        example of this system, however, is the term: "alpha 1,        4-glucan glucanohydrolase" which is a name for alpha-amylase. All these systems of nomenclature may become confusing to someone        who has use for only a few types of enzymes or uses them for industrial        or  agricultural purposes. Therefore, the use of the more widely        known terms such as "amylase" and "protease" are more or less universally in these fields. It should be remembered,        however, that there are many types of enzymes that fit into these        broad categories that may be more or less suitable for specific        agriculturally related application. The final selection for a        specific application should be made only after consulting a knowledgeable        individual well versed   in the technical aspects        of the particular enzyme requirements and applicable characteristics.


The US-originating slang 'wallwart' is used in which connection?

Universal Power Adapter Offers Alternative to Wall Warts Universal Power Adapter Offers Alternative to Wall Warts July 7, 2008 The uPower adapter would be compatible with many devices and would provide only as much voltage as they need. When Doug Palmer realized he had forgotten his mobile phone adapter on a vacation in Mexico several years ago, the first thought that crossed his mind was, "There has to be a better way." Palmer, a principal development engineer at the UC San Diego division of the California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology (Calit2), has long been frustrated with what he calls "the annoying wall wart." A slang term for external power adapters, wall warts are used to convert the electrical current and voltage of a wall socket into the actual operating current and voltage used by devices such as mobile phones and laptops. Their less-than-flattering sobriquet derives from a cumbersome design: Wall warts are often so large that they block other outlets, and so heavy that they can fall out of the wall socket entirely. Critics have also assailed manufacturers of wall warts for causing dependence on their product-specific adapters (as Palmer found out the hard way). Worse still, wall warts suck up a staggering amount of electricity. According to a 2001 speech he delivered to Department of Energy employees, President Bush (who referred to the devices as "energy vampires") said that wall warts consume an estimated 4 percent of all the electricity used in the average U.S. home. Extrapolated to a national scale, that's a total of about 52 billion kilowatt hours, or the energy produced by 20 average-size power plants. In addition, adapters are often discarded once a consumer abandons the associated device. With 2.5 billion rechargeable devices sold in 2002 alone, that's a lot of electronic waste taking up space in landfills. The "better way" that Palmer hopes for just might be emerging in the research laboratories at Calit2. Palmer is in the initial stages of designing a prototype for what he calls a Universal Power Adapter — a "smart" replacement for traditional wall transformers that would supply both power and communications to consumer electronics. Informally known as uPower or UPA, the adapter would serve as a single power supply for one or more mobile or fixed devices or power packs. Once hooked up to the uPower adapter, an electronic appliance would use low data-rate communications to "request" the voltage it needs, and the adapter would adjust volts to operate the appliance. According to Palmer, this means there is conceptually no limit to the variety of devices (even hybrid cars) that could be plugged into the UPA.. Palmer says that in the future, he envisions the uPower adapter replacing the typical plastic wall plate, with its limited two-plug capacity for powering electronics. Using the UPA also makes powering electronic devices more efficient. Currently, the U.S. electric power grid delivers electricity at 220 or 110 volts, but more and more devices require only 3 to 12 volts. The UPA would provide only the voltage needed — no more, no less. Furthermore, once light bulbs are replaced by far more efficient light-emitting diodes (LED) as many lighting industry leaders believe they will be, only a few appliances around the home and office will require high voltage electricity (the garbage disposal and washing machine are among them), making the UPA a practical alternative to bulky external adapters and wall plates. Palmer also envisions the design of the adapter to allow for device-to-device communication, meaning that both power and data communication are delivered to the device over the same line, much the way that a USB cable works. Another key component of the adapter is its ability to accept power from solar energy. Palmer's idea is for consumers to "get off the grid" entirely by buying an inexpensive solar panel to supply power to the adapter, creating what's known as a "nano-grid." These small, cheap solar panels, combined with the UPAs, would provide a low-cost alternat


A 'night glow' features in which sort of festival?

Balloon Classic FAQ 9:00-10:00 & 10:30-11:30 PM - Chris Higbee   Is parking available? Yes. Parking is only $5.00 after 3:00 p.m. in the Kent State University at Stark/Stark State College lots. There is limited disabled parking available to those who present their disability parking permit.  When will the balloons glow? The illuminating NIGHT GLOW is scheduled for Friday night at 9:30 PM but is also weather dependent.  Watch as the balloons “dance” to music – it's quite a sight to see! When are the fireworks? The Jackson-Belden Music Fest hosts the spectacular FIREWORKS show on Saturday night at 10:00 PM., once again, a bit weather dependent. For more information, visit www.jbcc.org . What kind of entertainment can I expect to see?  All kinds! The Balloon Classic/Jackson-Belden Music Fest offers a variety of entertainment. From giant hot air balloons, to fireworks, food, music and a children’s education area – this is quite an event to see! Can I bring Fido? Sorry -- no. You will definitely enjoy this event, but it is not a place for pets. We do not have doggy port-a-johns or water stations, so please leave Fido at home. Many animals are frightened around crowds or loud noises such as fireworks. Service dogs are welcome. Will the balloons take off or land near my home? We wish we could say yes, because watching these big beauties is fascinating, but their location is 100% based on the winds! Pilots are briefed on wind speed and direction before each flight, which dictates where they will take off and land. Keep your eyes to the skies! Why was a flight cancelled? Please take a look at the attached Balloon Launch Weather Criteria . There are many weather factors that go into the hot air ballooning world.  What should I bring? Please bring blankets and/or chairs for seating. Don’t forget your cameras! Food and drinks are available for purchase, as well as souvenirs. Can I go on a balloon ride? Sorry, no. Due to liability and insurance, spectators are not permitted to take balloon rides at the event. How close can I get to the balloons? Spectators will have a great view of the balloons from just about anywhere but are not permitted on the launch field which is reserved only for pilots, crew, and credentialed media. Where can I eat and stay during the Enshrinement Festival events? Please check out www.visitcantonstark.com for more information. QUESTIONS OR NEED FURTHER INFO -- CONTACT ANDREA HARTMAN:  330.458.2054 or andreah@cantonchamber.org FAQs


In the English language a 'perfect pangram' contains how many letters?

10 Notable Pangrams - Listverse 10 Notable Pangrams Nic Swaner May 16, 2012 Originating from Greek pan gramma, meaning “every letter,” a pangram is a sentence using every letter of the alphabet at least once. Pangrams have many uses. An example you have most likely seen is a pangram that displays all the letters of a font’s typeface on your computer. Pangrams are also used in keyboarding exercises to reach all the alphabetical keys. However, pangrams are also practiced as a form of constrained writing, where the goal is to create the shortest pangram within the limits of the alphabet while making sense. A perfect twenty-six letter pangram is considered an anagram of the English alphabet. While this list aims to examine pangrams of the English language, there are some exceptions. I have included authors where possible. 10 Self-Enumerating Pangram “This Pangram contains four a’s, one b, two c’s, one d, thirty e’s, six f’s, five g’s, seven h’s, eleven i’s, one j, one k, two l’s, two m’s, eighteen n’s, fifteen o’s, two p’s, one q, five r’s, twenty-seven s’s, eighteen t’s, two u’s, seven v’s, eight w’s, two x’s, three y’s, & one z.” (183 Letters, English) Means: Pretty straightforward, it addresses all the letters in the sentence, even the ones that wouldn’t be there, if the whole alphabet hadn’t been mentioned. Created by Lee Sallows. Some verbal horseplay between Douglas Hofstadter, Rudy Kousbroek, a Dutch linguist and essayist, prompted Lee Sallows to create a self-enumerating pangram. Hofstadter had posed the problem of sentences that describe themselves. The original pangram Sallows came up with was well over 300 letters and wasn’t even a complete pangram, missing a j, q, and z. Meanwhile, Kousbroek published a Dutch equivalent, which spurred Sallows to use his electronic engineering background to program The Pangram Machine. The machine accepted a description of the initial sentence fragment and tried to fill in the blanks. resulting in the pangram above. It was published in Scientific American in 1984. 9 Now I know my “ABCs,” Next time won’t you sing with me” (68 letters, English) Means: It’s the singing of the alphabet! Created by Charles Bradlee, Arranged by Louis Le Maire. The song was first copyrighted in 1835 by the Boston-based music publisher Charles Bradlee, and given the title “The A.B.C., a German air with variations for the flute with an easy accompaniment for the piano forte.” The musical arrangement was attributed to Louis Le Maire, an 18th century composer. The theme that is used is by Mozart for the piano variations (above) and is called: “Ah, vows dirai-je, maman.” This variation is more commonly recognizable as “Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star,” and “Baa Baa Black Sheep.” 8 “Victor jagt zwölf Boxkämpfer quer über den großen Sylter Deich.” (53 Letters, German) Means: Victor chases twelve boxers across the great dam of Sylt. Author Unknown. The German “Victor-jagt” pangram, used since before 1800, contains all the letters of the German alphabet, including the 3 umlaut letters: ä, ö, and ü. It is widely used and is considered the German equivalent to the “The quick brown fox” pangram (see below). 7 Asaki yume miji Ei mo sezu.” (47 letters, Japanese archaic hiragana) Means: Even the blossoming flowers / Will eventually scatter / Who in our world / Is unchanging? / The deep mountains of vanity– / We cross them today / And we shall not see superficial dreams / Nor be deluded. Author disputed. This perfect Japanese pangram, in a poem no less, was originally attributed to Heian era Japanese Buddhist priest and scholar Kūkai (774–835 AD). However, this is unlikely as it is believed that in his time there were separate e sounds in the a and ya columns of the kana table. The poem holds a special place in Japanese culture, often used as motifs and by the Japanese military. Japanese weapons made before 1945 were numbered in series with the opening syllables of the original poem, and they were also used to denote the rank of submarines of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. Iroha is also used in numbering


The word scourge - 'a cause of suffering' - is metaphorically derived from what instrument of punishment?

Scourge | Define Scourge at Dictionary.com scourge a whip or lash, especially for the infliction of punishment or torture. 2. a person or thing that applies or administers punishment or severe criticism. 3. a cause of affliction or calamity: Disease and famine are scourges of humanity. verb (used with object), scourged, scourging. 4. to whip with a scourge; lash. 5. to punish, chastise, or criticize severely. Origin of scourge Latin 1175-1225 1175-1225; (noun) Middle English < Anglo-French escorge, derivative of escorgier to whip < Vulgar Latin *excorrigiāre, derivative of Latin corrigia thong, whip (see ex- 1); (v.) Middle English < Old French escorgier Related forms 3. plague, bane. 5. correct, castigate. Dictionary.com Unabridged Examples from the Web for scourge Expand Contemporary Examples The U.K. tabloids, as is their wont, have branded her “shameless,” “sordid,” and “the scourge of society.” What Obama's New NSC Staffer Tells Us About His Thinking On Iran Ali Gharib March 7, 2013 Historical Examples When the scourge had spent its force, it was found that more than 2,000 had died of it. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 2 of 3) John Morley As the Mahometan religion has always been a scourge and a curse, you would naturally suppose its founder was a bad man. The Evil Shepherd E. Phillips Oppenheim British Dictionary definitions for scourge Expand a person who harasses, punishes, or causes destruction 2. a means of inflicting punishment or suffering 3. a whip used for inflicting punishment or torture verb (transitive) scourger, noun Word Origin C13: from Anglo-French escorge, from Old French escorgier (unattested) to lash, from es-ex-1 + Latin corrigia whip Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for scourge Expand n. c.1200, "a whip, lash," from Anglo-French escorge, back-formation from Old French escorgier "to whip," from Vulgar Latin *excorrigiare, from Latin ex- "out, off" (see ex- ) + corrigia "thong, shoelace," in this case "whip," probably from a Gaulish word related to Old Irish cuimrech "fetter," from PIE root *reig- "to bind" (see rig (v.)). Figurative use from late 14c. Scourge of God, title given by later generations to Attila the Hun (406-453 C.E.), is attested from late 14c., from Latin flagellum Dei. v. c.1300, "to whip," from Old French escorgier and from scourge (n.). Figurative meaning "to afflict" (often for the sake of punishment or purification) is from late 14c. Related: Scourged; scourging. Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper


US engineer/industrialist George Pullman (1831-1897) is eponymously associated with travel by?

Pullman : Wikis (The Full Wiki) The Full Wiki       Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn't yet, but we're working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . Related top topics From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Pullman may refer to: Pullman (car or coach) , various luxurious railway cars, cars, buses or coaches Pullman Company , maker of Pullman rail cars Pullman F.C. , Pullman Company soccer team Pullman loaf , a long, square-edged loaf of bread Pullman automobile by Pullman Motor Company, maker of automobiles in York, Pennsylvania from 1905-1917 Humber Pullman , a large automobile manufactured in central England between 1930 and 1954 Pullman case or valise, a large piece of luggage Pullman hotels, a brand part of the French Accor group Pullman Strike , a major American railroad strike in 1894 Places in the United States Alberte Pullman (1920–), theoretical and quantum chemist, wife of Bernard Bernard Pullman (1919–1996), theoretical and quantum chemist, husband of Alberte Bill Pullman (1953–), American actor George Pullman (1831–1897), founder of the Pullman Company Philip Pullman , (1946–), English writer Simon Pullman (1897–1942), violinist and founder of the Warsaw Ghetto Symphony Orchestra See also Up to date as of January 14, 2010 From Wikitravel Pullman [1] is a city in the Palouse region of eastern Washington . It is home to Washington State University [2] and the National Lentil Festival. Get in By car Pullman accessed by US 195, and SR 270. By bus Trailways runs regular bus routes from Spokane. By plane Pullman is served by the Pullman-Moscow Regional airport. [3] Get around Since there is not much to the downtown area, transportation is a must. Public transportation is available from Pullman Transit [4] , though it is often geared towards the university. Pullman also has multiple bike trails for summer travel around the town. See Washington State University, [5] .   edit WSU is trying to collect many of the sights around campus in one website titled Around WSU [6] . These are a selection (and maybe a few that have been forgotten) The Bears (WSU Grizzly Research) - One common sight is the Grizzly Bear research facility on Airport road. The bears usually come out of hibernation around March, and you can see them in their outdoor facility Advertisements Non WSU - Kamiak Butte is a large butte just north of Pullman on Grand Avenue. Travel north approximately 10 miles, turn left at the sign for Kamiak Butte. - The Chipman Trail is a bicycle and walking path that connects Pullman to Moscow (the trail continues to Troy, Idaho). It features a number of geographical information signs where a visitor can learn more about the unique topography of the Palouse. The trail follows Paradise Creek, a small stream which flows from Moscow. visit Pullman during the National Lentil Festival [7] Eat Pullman has a listing of restaurants in the area [8] . However, here is a small selection: Ferdinands Creamery [9] - Home to Cougar Gold Cheese and some delicious ice cream. Check the hours in advance, they're not open often. Drink - My Office Tavern: A local favorite and often-joke ("Let's meet at My Office"), it features cheap beer and food. - Rico's: Live jazz on weekends, a slightly pricier bar with a real british pub style. - The Grand Avenue Bar: Cheap drinks and lots of pool tables, beer pong table as well - The ZZU: Very good drinks and unique themed nights (including "drag night") - Valhalla: An excellent 80's themed night on Saturdays, but always cramped and usually pretty stuffy (go there to dance only!) - Mike's: Two stories, bottom floor is a pretty poppin' dance club. Drinks are weak and overpriced (usually) - The Coug: Greek hangout, lots of interesting "quotes" scribbled all over the place. Good luck finding toilet paper or soap in the bathroom Hawthorn Suites, 928 NW Olsen Street, ☎ +1 509 332-0928 (fax: +1 509 334-5275), [10] .   edit Holiday Inn Express Hotel & Suites, 1190 Bishop Blvd, ☎ +1 509 334-4437 (fax: +1 509 3


In card gambling games such as poker, an 'ante' refers to a betting stake which is?

Poker Rules - Pagat Pagat Other Web Sites Poker Rules and Glossaries Introduction This aim of this page is to give a general idea of how poker is played. For those who need greater detail on particular aspects of the rules there are more detailed pages on hand ranking , the betting process, and on the specifics of particular types of poker such as Seven Card Stud , Texas Hold'em , Omaha and Draw Poker , which are listed on the Poker Variants page. Players, Cards and Objective Traditionally, poker has been thought of as a game for 2 to 7 players, the more the better with 6 or 7 being the ideal number. However, some variants can be played by more than seven, and some versions work well for a small number of players - even with just two ("heads up"). The deal and play are clockwise. A standard international 52-card pack is used, and in most forms of poker there are no jokers. The rank of the cards, from high to low, is A, K, Q, J, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2. In certain circumstances the ace can be used as a low card, below the 2. For the purposes of comparing hands all suits are equal. Poker is normally played for money, but it is convenient to use chips to represent money during the actual games. These generally come in various denominations, sometimes labelled with numbers 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, and sometimes in colours such as white, red, blue whose values must be agreed. Players buy chips from the host before the game and redeem them for money at the end. In outline, a game of poker is played as follows. Players place an initial bet, if required by the game being played, by placing some of their chips into a central common area known as the pot or pool. The dealer deals cards to the players. Players look at their own cards, and have the opportunity to increase their bet, placing extra chips into the pot. All other players must then either put in chips to bring their contribution to the pot to at least an equal amount or fold, discarding their cards and abandoning any chips they have so far contributed to the pot. Players who have not folded are known as active players. When all active players have contributed an equal amount to the pot, that is the end of the betting round. According to the variant being played, further cards may be dealt or players may have an opportunity to exchange some cards, after which there is another betting round, and so on. When the last betting round has ended there is a showdown: all active players show their cards, and the owner of the best five-card hand takes the contents of the pot. If at any point only one active player remains, that player automatically wins the pot without having to show any cards. The objective is of course to win money, and there are two ways to do this. To have the best five-card hand at the showdown. To persuade all the other players to fold. It is the second possibility that creates the possibility for bluff. If everyone believes that you probably have a good hand, then when you raise the stake, they may prefer to fold rather than add chips to a pot that they will probably lose. If they all fold you win, even though your hand may in reality be much worse than theirs. Ranking of Poker Hands It is of course necessary to know which hands beat which. A poker hand always consists of five cards. Even though in some variants you may have more than five cards to choose from, you select the five cards that make the best hand, and for the purpose of comparing hands any other cards are irrelevant. The ranking of hands from high to low in standard poker is as follows. Straight Flush Five consecutive cards of the same suit. Ace can be counted as high to make the highest type of Straight Flush, which is A-K-Q-J-10 of a suit, sometimes known as a Royal Flush. Ace can be low to make (5-4-3-2-A), but not high and low at the same time (for example 2-A-K-Q-J is not valid). Four of a Kind Four cards of the same rank and one other card, such as 9-9-9-9-Q. Four of a kind are sometimes known as quads or in some non-English speaking countries as a poker. The odd card - the


Acetylsalicylic Acid is better known by what Bayer trademark?

Bayer Trademarks Aspirin Bayer Trademarks Aspirin by christopher-mahoney Bayer AG was founded in Germany by Friederich Bayer in 1863.  The pharmaceuticals company’s first major product was acetylsalicylic acid, which is derived from a remedy found in willow plant bark.  It was discovered that acetylsalicylic acid could be used as an anti-inflammatory medication, as well as for minor pain/ache relief and fever reduction.  Today acetylsalicylic acid is known as aspirin. On this day, March 6th, in 1899, Bayer registers aspirin as a trademark.  Bayer’s trademark was registered worldwide, but the company’s U.S. assets and trademarks were confiscated by the the United States during World War I.  As a result, aspirin became the generic term to describe the drug for all brands in the U.S., France and the United Kingdom.  Aspirin remains a trademark for Bayer in over seventy other countries. Aspirin is currently one of the most used over-the-counter drugs in the world.  Several other benefits of aspirin have been discovered, such as its effective treatment of headaches and its long term benefits of heart attack and stroke prevention.  Although Bayer may have lost its trademark of the Aspirin name, the company’s contribution to the pharmaceutical industry is not tarnished. Today’s History


What literally connects Vikramshila Setu, Rajendra Setu, Mahatma Gandhi Setu and Farakka Barrage?

Learn and talk about Mokama–Barauni section, Broad gauge railway lines in India, Rail transport in Bihar The Mokama–Barauni section connects Mokama Junction and Barauni in the Indian state of Bihar . The Howrah–Delhi Main Line on the southern side of the Ganges was opened to through traffic in 1866 and the railway lines on the northern side of the Ganges also came up in the subsequent years of the nineteenth century. [1] The lines could only be connected with the construction of 2-kilometre (1.2 mi) long Rajendra Setu in 1959. [2] The 3.19-kilometre (1.98 mi) long Munger Ganga Bridge , 55 km downstream of the Rajendra Setu , under construction in 2012, will link Jamalpur station on the Sahibganj Loop line of Eastern Railway to the Barauni-Katihar section of East Central Railway. [3] The 4.56-kilometre (2.83 mi) long Ganga Rail-Road Bridge located near Patna , under construction in 2012, will link to Sonepur . [4]


recipe « Sharing My Italy...The Blog Nov2 It’s warm and creamy and delicious … keep reading you will love it! Today I am giving you a break from my Italy trip journal and I am sharing one of my favorite Fall dish: Risotto di zucca con fonduta di Fontina (Butternut squash risotto with Fontina cheese sauce). Fontina is a typical cheese from the Italian region of Valle d’Aosta. Fonduta is a variation of the classic cheese Fondue . It ‘s a classic Italian pumpkin risotto in which I substituted the pumpkin with butternut squash. Also, while in a typical risotto recipe you add butter at the end to “mantecare” (final step to make it creamy), I added Fontina cheese sauce instead. I did not inherited this recipe, I don’t  remember my mother ever using pumpkin in a recipe. My mom was from Naples and the Risotto alla zucca (pumpkin risotto) is typical of Northern Italy so, although she wasn’t opposed to recipes out of her comfort zone, zucca was not in her repertoire. I honestly don’t particularly enjoy the pumpkin’s taste myself; I find it too sweet. However, I have been substituting pumpkin with butternut squash in all pumpkin based recipes (including pumpking gnocchi and pumpkin ravioli) and my family and I enjoy its milder and nuttier flavor. In a previous post I told you that risotto is one of my favorite dish to prepare and I have shared the recipe of my Shrimp Risotto . I also explained that risotto is a way of preparing riso (rice) rather than a recipe and I have mentioned that the variety of rice you use will affect the recipe. The best rice for risotto is the Vialone Nano, which belongs to the semifino variety. This variety has medium long grains and it has a good ability to release the starch that ensures the creaminess of the risotto. Carnaroli and Arborio, both in the ultrafino variety, are good alternatives. One of my brother’s client in Novara – one of the main area of rice production in Italy – asked me to test a Vialone Nano of his production. The name is ECORÌ and it is an eco-friendly rice. I tried the rice and I liked it; it cooked nicely and the final product was very creamy. The problem is that I doubt I will find this rice in my area so: “dear friend at ECORÌ, I would love a case of rice!” Ricetta Risotto alla zucca con fonduta di Fontina Cosa serve ( What you need) for 4 people For the risotto 2 tbsp. extra virgin olive oil 2 tbsp unsalted butter 1/2 medium onion finely chopped 1 shallot finely chopped 2 cups rice – Vialone Nano, Carnaroli or Arborio 1 butternut squash peeled seeded and cubed (about 1-1/2 pound) 1/2 cup dry white wine Salt Salt and pepper Cosa fare (What to do) First prepare the fonduta. While you are preparing the fonduta, bring 6 cups of vegetable broth to boil and keep it hot; you will use it for the risotto. Melt the butter in a saucepan over the low heat, and whisk in the flour until well blended. Slowly add the milk, whisking until the mixture thickens slightly. Add the Fontina, the Parmigiano- Reggiano, and the nutmeg and stir until to combine. The result has to be smooth, silky, and slightly thick sauce. Season with salt and pepper, cover the sauce with plastic wrap and set aside. Preparing the risotto. In a heavy-bottom pan, heat the oil and  half butter with the onion and the shallot. Once the onion has softened add the butternut squash, salt, and pepper and cook until the squash cooks to a purée. Move the purée around the sides of the pan to create a large hot spot in the middle. Add the remaining butter and scrape the bottom of the pan to release the bits of squash. Add the  rice to the pan and toss to coat with the butter. When the rice is translucent, add the wine and stir until the wine evaporates. At the same time start incorporating the purée into the rice. Start adding 1/2 cup of hot broth at the time, stirring with a wooden spoon, until all of the liquid has been absorbed. Continue adding the broth 1/2 cup at the time, stirring constantly. Taste the rice for texture and seasoning, it should be al dente, tender but not mushy. When the rice is ready, turn off the heat and st


Name Google's search engine for academic publishing?

Academic Search Engine Spam and Google Scholar's Resilience Against it For more information, read Michigan Publishing's access and usage policy . This paper was refereed by the Journal of Electronic Publishing’s peer reviewers. Abstract In a previous paper we provided guidelines for scholars on optimizing research articles for academic search engines such as Google Scholar. Feedback in the academic community to these guidelines was diverse. Some were concerned researchers could use our guidelines to manipulate rankings of scientific articles and promote what we call ‘academic search engine spam’. To find out whether these concerns are justified, we conducted several tests on Google Scholar. The results show that academic search engine spam is indeed—and with little effort—possible: We increased rankings of academic articles on Google Scholar by manipulating their citation counts; Google Scholar indexed invisible text we added to some articles, making papers appear for keyword searches the articles were not relevant for; Google Scholar indexed some nonsensical articles we randomly created with the paper generator SciGen; and Google Scholar linked to manipulated versions of research papers that contained a Viagra advertisement. At the end of this paper, we discuss whether academic search engine spam could become a serious threat to Web-based academic search engines. Keywords: academic search engine spam, search engines, academic search engines, citation spam, spamdexing, Google Scholar 1  Introduction Web-based academic search engines such as CiteSeer(X), Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic Search and SciPlore have introduced a new era of search for academic articles. In contrast to classic digital libraries such as IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, or PubMed, Web-based academic search engines index PDF files of academic articles from any publisher that may be found on the Web. Indexing academic PDFs from the Web not only allows easy and free access to academic articles and publisher-independent search, it also changes the way academics can make their articles available to the academic community. With classic digital libraries, researchers have no influence on getting their articles indexed. They either have published in a publication indexed by a digital library, and then their article is available in that digital library, or they have not, and then the article is not available in that digital library. In contrast, researchers can influence whether their articles are indexed by Web-based academic search engines: they simply have to put their articles on a website to get them indexed. Researchers should have an interest in having their articles indexed by as many academic search engines and digital libraries as possible, because this increases the articles’ visibility in the academic community. In addition, authors should not only be concerned about the fact that their articles are indexed, but also where they are ranked in the result list. As with all search results, those that are listed first, the top-ranked articles, are more likely to be read and cited. Furthermore, citation counts obtained from Google Scholar are sometimes used to evaluate the impact of articles and their authors. Accordingly, scientists want all articles that cite their articles to be included in Google Scholar and they want to ensure that citations are identified correctly. In addition, researchers and institutions using citation data from Google Scholar should know how robust and complete the data is that they use for their analyses. In recent studies we researched the ranking algorithm of Google Scholar ( Beel and Gipp 2009c , Beel and Gipp 2009a , Beel and Gipp 2009b ) and gave advice to researchers on how to optimize their scholarly literature for Google Scholar ( Beel et al. 2010 ). We called this method ‘Academic Search Engine Optimization’ (ASEO) and defined it as “[...] the creation, publication, and modification of scholarly literature in a way that makes it easier for academic search engines to both crawl it and index it.” ( Beel et al. 2


Built for the 1980 Summer Olympics, which city boasts the The Izmailovo Hotel (at 2014 the world's largest, comprising 7,500 rooms)?

Lifestyle1 magazine Issue 484 by Lifestyle1 - issuu issuu OVER 300 PROPERTIES 38 OPEN HOMES ISSUE 484 | JUNE 13 - 19, 2013 CIRCULATIONS AUDIT BOARD - 27,600 copies Phone 08 8724 7111 www.lifestyle1.net Macsheds under new ownership by Thomson Bilt Building • Innovations • Lifestyles • Tomorrow See page 3 for details HEALTH AND WELLBEING Chinese Medical Centre est. 1995 42% OFF 44% OFF COVER Nothing Leon Thomson brings a wealth of experience to the building game and now with seven years running his own business and recently taking over ownership of Macsheds, he continues to share that expertise with the Limestone Coast and South West Victoria. A Millicent local originally, Leon travelled Australia, working on a variety of building projects and completing his bricklaying and residential builder’s licence while he was at it. It was seven years ago that he returned to the Limestone Coast and started his own contracting business and now with the addition of Macsheds, Leon offers beats experience quality workmanship across all areas of the building industry. Married, with two daughters, Leon understands the needs of your family. He is a distributor for FairDinkum Sheds; an accredited dealer for B & D doors and openers and also offers concreting, bricklaying, stone masonry, tiling, paving, fencing and general building services. “I’m all about taking the stress out of whatever job it is you need done, from a small repair to a whole new shed,” Leon said. “I want to continue the proud reputation of Macsheds throughout the area and diversify our services to suit our clients’ needs moving forward into the future.” Leon services the Limestone Coast and Western Victoria and has built his business around the motto Building, Innovations, Lifestyles, Tomorrow. Leon and his team are all about transforming your original patch of dirt into your dream building project. And while he’s as much about good old fashioned service today as when he first started his bricklaying apprenticeship, Leon has also moved with the times and offers the latest technology to give clients access to spot quotes and layout options. FairDinkum Sheds also have an app so you can start designing your own shed today. And through Leon’s accredited B & D door and opener dealership, he offers roller doors, commercial shutters and panel lifts, all under a brand considered the Rolls Royce of the industry. So whatever job it is you need, contact the friendly staff at Thomson Bilt/Macsheds for an affordable quote and expert advice. Leon also has a new website under construction, which will make his business even more accessible for his customers. Above - Leon Thomson has recently taken over ownership of Macsheds as part of his ThomsonBilt business, catering for all your building needs. Below - The friendly team - Doug Solly, Leonie Wilson and owner Leon Thomson. Sign a contract for a double garage or larger before the end of June and receive a FREE automatic door opener valued at $400. Present this coupon to redeem. Call into 291 Commercial Street West, Mount Gambier or phone (08)8725 2155 or 0410 587 575 (Leon). Average Net Distribution October 2012 to March 2013 27,600 copies. 08 8724 7111 or 03 5561 3141 Fax 08 8724 7882 Web www.lifestyle1.net Email mail@lifestyle1.net Office Office 1 20 Penola Road, Mount Gambier Manager Jason Allen Sales Duncan McGregor 0407 722 983 Editor Di Gould Print 28,000 copies Distribution Letterbox, Australia Post and Newsagencies Company Directors Course Portland Yambuk Over 45 towns Details contained in this magazine have been compiled from information supplied by advertisers. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained here in. Prospective purchasers should rely on their own enquiries. Enquire or enrol w: companydirectors.com.au/cdc t:1300 783 566 e:mgalpin@companydirectors.com.au Lifestyle1.net - 003 Monday 14 - Friday 18 October 2013 8.45am to 4.00pm each day The Barn, Mt Gambier on this day local story JUNE 13 1825 - Walter Hunt patented the safety pin. Hunt then then sold the rights for $400. 1979 - Aussie actre


Whose logo features two pulling horses and the words 'original riveted'?

The True Inventor of Blue Jeans - America Comes Alive World War II Welcome to America Comes Alive!, a site I created to share little-known stories of America's past. These stories are about Americans - people just like you - who have made a difference and changed the course of history. Look around the site and find what inspires you. Kate Kelly The True Inventor of Blue Jeans I recently visited the Autry National Center here in Griffith Park in Los Angeles and enjoyed their exhibit, “Jews in the Los Angeles Mosaic.” One of the points I learned reminded me of the article I wrote previously—-the Jewish people came West whenever one else did, during the Gold Rush in the 1850s.  But unlike the many who arrived with dreams of great wealth through a gold strike, the Jewish people used their heads as they usually do.  “If people are coming to California for a gold rush, they are going to need equipment and clothing.”  As a result, the Jewish people came and created communities where they could succeed.  Many of the others, who had only gold dust in their eyes, went home disappointed.   The True Inventor of the Blue Jeans No article of clothing better represents America than a pair of denim jeans. The birth of this ubiquitous apparel took place 139 years ago this week (1873) when two men received a patent on “waist overalls” reinforced with copper rivets, what we now know as blue jeans. One of the men was Levi Strauss (1829-1902), whose name lives on through Levi Strauss & Company.  The other patent recipient was Jacob Davis, the tailor who actually invented the denim pant with rivets. So what happened to Jacob Davis and why was he largely forgotten? Levi Strauss Loeb Strauss (1829-1902) immigrated to New York from Germany with his mother and two sisters in 1847 at the age of 18. His father and two brothers were already in New York running a wholesale dry goods business, J. Strauss Brother & Co. As the family began hearing news of the California Gold Rush, they saw business possibilities on the West Coast.  In 1853 Levi, as he had taken to calling himself, caught a steamship for San Francisco and had soon established a wholesale business there.  He imported fabric, bedding, combs, and purses from the east coast branch of Strauss Brother & Company, and he created a successful business selling these items to general stores and mercantile shops in California and the West.  By 1866, Strauss had expanded his headquarters and was a well-known San Francisco businessman and a well-respected member of the Jewish community. Jacob Davis Jacob Davis (1831-1908) was born Jacob Youphes in Latvia and arrived in New York  City at the age of 23.  In the U.S. he was called Jacob Davis and got his start as a journeyman tailor, working first in New York before traveling to Maine and eventually Northern California. When the Gold Rush began in western Canada, Davis was drawn north to make his fortune.  When panning for gold netted him little, Davis married and settled down, remaining in Canada for nine years.  When he and his wife decided to move back to the U.S., they went to Nevada.  For a time he ran a cigar store in Virginia City, and then in 1868 the family moved to Reno where Davis got a job working for proprietor Frederick Hertlien helping to set up a brewery. Unfortunately the brewery failed, leaving Hertlein and Davis with nothing.  Davis returned to his most reliable skill, tailoring, and he foresaw the importance of a new market.  He felt there was a growing need for outdoor supplies for the surveyors and railroad workers who were arriving for jobs building the Central Pacific Railroad.  Using his sewing skills, he began making items like tents and horse blankets. For these products Davis needed sturdy material and he began buying ten-ounce light-colored duck and nine-ounce blue denim from wholesaler Levi Strauss.  Both the duck and the denim were twill–threads are woven over and under two or more warp yarns, which produces a characteristic diagonal pattern that makes the fabric itself very strong—something that would be important later on


Sauerkraut: Anti-cancer Fermented Food that Restores Gut Flora Sauerkraut: Anti-cancer Fermented Food that Restores Gut Flora by John P. Thomas Health Impact News Sauerkraut can be an important part of diets designed for healing cancer. Sauerkraut is a German word that simply means sour white cabbage. Lacto-fermented cabbage has a long history of providing benefits for many different health conditions, and now it is proving to be beneficial for cancer. Cabbage, by itself, offers a number of health benefits, but the fermentation process increases the bioavailability of nutrients rendering sauerkraut even more nutritious than the original cabbage.1 In 2005, a team of researchers from Poland and the United states observed a substantially higher rate of breast cancer among Polish women who immigrated to the United States. They compared Polish women who were living in and near Chicago and Detroit with women who were still living in Poland. They observed that the rate of breast cancer was three times higher for the Polish immigrants. They evaluated various factors and concluded that the consumption of lacto-fermented sauerkraut was a possible factor in the different cancer rates. Women in Poland ate an average of 30 pounds of raw sauerkraut each year, while the Polish women in the US were eating approximately 10 pounds per year.2 What are the qualities of sauerkraut that would make it a super food for cancer prevention, and to be included as a part of diets designed to treat cancer? Let’s take a look at some of the science. Sauerkraut contains high levels of glucosinolates. These compounds have been shown to have anti-cancer activity in laboratory research. “The observed pattern of risk reduction indicates that the breakdown products of glucosinolates in cabbage may affect both the initiation phase of carcinogenesis -by decreasing the amount of DNA damage and cell mutation -and the promotion phase, by blocking the processes that inhibit programmed cell death and stimulate unregulated cell growth,” said Dorothy Rybaczyk-Pathak from the University of New Mexico.3 Pathak, along with colleagues from Michigan State University and the National Food and Nutrition Institute of Warsaw, Poland, found that “Women who ate at least three servings a week of raw- or short-cooked cabbage and sauerkraut had a significantly reduced breast cancer risk compared with those who only ate one serving per week.” They discussed these findings at the American Association for Cancer Research’s Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research meeting in Baltimore, Maryland in 2005.4 A study published in 2012 in the journal Nutrition Cancer showed that consumption of cabbage and sauerkraut is connected with significant reduction of breast cancer incidences. Estrogens are considered a major breast cancer risk factor and their metabolism by P450 enzymes substantially contributes to carcinogenic activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cabbage and sauerkraut juices on key enzymes involved with estrogen metabolism in laboratory cell tissue. The 2012 study conducted by Hanna Szaefer, Et Al. showed that their research “supported the epidemiological observations and partly explain the mechanism of the chemopreventive activity of white cabbage products.” In other words their research supported the observation that the consumption of sauerkraut was a beneficial food for the prevention of breast cancer in women.5,6 The preceding studies do not show that sauerkraut by itself is a cure for cancer. They do show that eating sauerkraut has various health benefits, among which is the prevention of cancer, and that eating raw sauerkraut can be part of a natural treatment program for certain cancers. Raw Fermented Cabbage is Traditional Healthy Sauerkraut Not all sauerkraut has health benefits. In order for sauerkraut to have a preventative effect for cancer, it needs to be raw. Raw naturally fermented sauerkraut contains lactic acid and the living probiotic microorganisms that are the agents of fermentation. Canned sauerkraut, pasteurized sauerkraut, or full


The technical term 'Wearing Course' is used in?

Glossary of Asphalt Terms | Design Tools | Minnesota LTAP | U of MN American Association of State and Highway Transportation Officials. Absolute Viscosity A measure of the viscosity of asphalt with respect to time, measured in poises, conducted at 60°C (140°F). The test method utilizes a partial vacuum to induce flow in the viscometer. (1) ADT or AADT Average Daily Traffic. Aggregate A hard inert mineral material, such as gravel, crushed rock, slag, or crushed stone, used in pavement applications either by itself or for mixing with asphalt. (1) Air Voids Internal spaces in a compacted mix surrounded by asphalt-coated particles, expressed as a percentage by volume of the total compacted mix. (1) Apparent Specific Gravity Of Asphalt Mixture A ratio of the unit weight of an asphalt mixture (excluding voids permeable to water) to the unit weight of water. Asphalt (asphalt cement) A dark brown to black cementitious material in which the predominating constituents are bitumens, which occur in nature or are obtained in petroleum processing. Asphalt is a constituent in varying proportions of most crude petroleum and used for paving, roofing, industrial and other special purposes. (1) Asphalt Binder Asphalt cement that is classified according to the Standard Specification for Performance Graded Asphalt Binder, AASHTO Designation MP1. It can be either unmodified or modified asphalt cement, as long as it complies with the specifications. (1) Asphalt Concrete A mixture of asphalt binder and aggregate thoroughly mixed and compacted into a mass. (1) Asphalt Emulsion An emulsion of asphalt binder and water that contains a small amount of an emulsifying agent. Emulsified asphalt droplets may be of either the anionic (negative charge), cationic (positive charge) or nonionic (neutral). (1) Asphalt Leveling Course A course of hot mix asphalt of variable thickness used to eliminate irregularities in the contour of an existing surface prior to placing the subsequent course. (1) Asphalt Pavement Structure A pavement structure that is designed and constructed so that all courses above the subgrade are asphalt concrete (Full-Depth Asphalt Pavement). (1) Asphalt Pavements Pavements consisting of a surface course of asphalt concrete over supporting courses such as asphalt concrete bases, crushed stone, slag, gravel, Portland Cement Concrete (PCC), brick, or block pavement. (1) Asphalt Prime Coat An application of asphalt primer to an absorbent surface. It is used to prepare an untreated base for an asphalt surface. The prime penetrates or is mixed into the surface of the base and plugs the voids, hardens the top and helps bind it to the overlying asphalt course. (1) Base Course The layer in the pavement system immediately below the binder and surface courses. It usually consists of crushed stone, although it may consist of crushed slag or other stabilized or unstabilized material. (1) Binder Course The hot mix asphalt course immediately below the surface course, generally consisting of larger aggregates and less asphalt (by weight) than the surface. (1) Bitumen A class of black or dark-colored (solid, semisolid, or viscous) cementitious substances, natural or manufactured, composed principally of high molecular weight hydrocarbons, of which asphalts, tars, pitches, and asphaltites are typical. (1) Borrow Suitable material from sources outside the roadway prism used primarily for embankments. (1) Bulk Specific Gravity Of Asphalt Mixture Ratio of the unit weight of an asphalt mixture (including permeable and impermeable voids) to the unit weight of water. California Bearing Ratio (CBR) A test used for evaluating bases, subbases, and subgrades for pavement thickness design it is a relative measure of the shear resistance of a soil (see Soils Manual, MS-10). CBR = load required to force a calibrated piston into a soil specimen / load required to force a like piston into a crushed stone specimen capacity and ride quality of the pavement system. (1) Cement treated base A base layer constructed with good quality, well-graded aggregate mixed with up to 6


The word dinosaur is from Greek 'deinos saurus' meaning?

Dinosaur Names Activity - Grades K–4 | American Museum of Natural History Dinosaur Names Activity Activity for Grade K-4 Introduction Dinosaur names are often made up of combinations of Greek and Latin root words that describe characteristics or how the animal might have behaved. Other dinosaur names describe where the fossil remains were discovered or the name of the paleontologist who made the discovery. In 1841, Richard Owen, the first director of London’s Natural History Museum, gave the name dinosaurs to these giant prehistoric reptiles. The word dinosaur is from the Greek deinos (terrible) and sauros (lizard). Some dinosaur names are short; others are tongue twisters. Objective In this activity, students will be introduced to dinosaur names and their meanings. Materials List of Greek and Latin root words and their meanings written on the chalkboard or on chart paper Pictures of various dinosaurs  Procedure Tell students that dinosaurs were named using the Latin and Greek language. Explain that these languages are used by scientists to name both animals and plants. Dinosaur names can describe what the dinosaur looked like, how it might have acted, or where it was found. Have students look for the meaning of the Greek and Latin words used in the word “dinosaur” to discover the word’s meaning. Write the following on the chalkboard: dinosaur = dino + saur. Call on a volunteer to look on the chart to find the words dino and saur. Write terrible lizard on the chalkboard and explain that this was the name first given to dinosaurs Write the following dinosaur names on the chalkboard. Have students use the chart to decipher the names. Tyrannosaurus rex = tyranno + saurus +rex Stegosaurus = stego + saurus Triceratops = tri + cerat + ops Apatosaurus = apato + saurus Have students suggest other dinosaur names that they would like to learn the meanings of. Write the names on the chalkboard. Use the chart provided as a reference.  Download the PDF:  Dinosaur Names Activity More About This Resource... In this classroom activity, created to complement the Museum's Dinosaurs: Ancient Fossils, New Discoveries exhibit, young students explore the meaning behind dinosaurs' names. The activity opens with background information for teachers about the Greek and Latin root words that are used in dinosaur names. After discussing what they know about dinosaurs, students learn that dinosaur names can describe what the dinosaur looked like, how it might have acted, or where it was found. Working as a class, students use a chart of root words and their meanings to decipher the names of four well-known dinosaurs. Completion Time


What is a 3D crystal structure in physics and a criss-cross pastry pie top?

Geometry.Net - Pure_And_Applied_Math: Lattice The lattice Project is developing a communitybased Grid system that integrates Grid middleware technologies and widely used life science applications. http://lattice.umiacs.umd.edu/ The Lattice Project ... Home The Lattice Project A community of researchers, scientists, and staff at the University of Maryland are working to integrate and deploy computing resources, Grid middleware, specialized scientific application software and semantic web services in a comprehensive Grid system for scientific analysis. We call this effort The Lattice Project. The lead researchers are: Michael Cummings Adam Bazinet A broad spectrum of life science research will benefit greatly from increased access to high performance computing resources. Several properties of modern life sciences research drive the need for high performance computing: Trend toward quantitative analysis in experimental biology. The nature of much life sciences research involves inference and hypothesis testing that require computation. The rapidly increasing size and number of analysis inputs including databases, samples, and experiments. Increasing complexity of analytical models and concomitant increase in possible solution space. Maximum likelihood calculations, Monte Carlo and other stochastic simulation methods increasingly involve more parameters. While such models can increase our understanding of the underlying natural processes under investigation, in many cases they lead to an exponential increase in the number of possible solutions. Despite promising developments that individually address these issues, the computational environment in which many life scientists work remains substantively deficient, materially impeding progress in a number of fields. It is our goal to make sufficient computational and data resources available to an active community of researchers. lattice Semiconductor Corporation. Sign In  see this page in Japanese  Korean language homepage  Chinese language homepage http://www.vantis.com/ Robots that use lattice reconfiguration are selfreconfigurable robots that rearrange their positions by moving from one position on a lattice to a http://www2.parc.com/spl/projects/modrobots/lattice/index.html PARC People Chain - Lattice - Pubs Demos Sims Links Lattice Robots Telecube Proteo Digital Clay Telecube module simulation programmed using local rules to locomote through reconfiguration. Robots that use lattice reconfiguration are self-reconfigurable robots that rearrange their positions by moving from one position on a lattice to a neighboring position on the lattice, like LEGO(r) bricks that could rearrange themselves. For example, in 2D, a lattice could be a rectilinear grid and the modules (usually all identical) move from one square to another. The connectivity may be 4 connected (the squares in each cardinal direction) or 8 connected (including the diagonally adjacent ones). The only important characteristic is that the number of neighbors is discrete and finite. The type of lattice leads to different forms of hardware and motions. The easiest ones to think about are the common lattices found in crystallic packing like that of atoms. The lattice structure makes planning the motions of when and where to move modules an interesting one from a computer science point of view as the space of possible motions is easy to represent in a computer. It is also interesting but difficult because the space of possible sequences grows exponentially with the number of modules. What seems to excite many people is imagining many thousands or millions or billions of tiny modules as some form of blob morphing from one arbitrary shape into another. This currently the most popular style of self-reconfigurable robot perhaps because of this reason. There are a large variety of groups working on building, simulating, controlling and planning these robots that can be seen on the lattice Technology software easily creates interactive 3D documents for technical illustrations and electronic training manuals, 3D sales prese


The energy possessed by something due to its motion is called?

What is Kinetic Energy?   Kinetic Energy All moving things have kinetic energy. It is energy possessed by an object due to its motion or movement. These include very large things, like planets, and very small ones, like atoms. The heavier a thing is, and the faster it moves, the more kinetic energy it has. Now let's see this illustration below. There is a small and large ball resting on a table. Let us say both balls will fall into the bucket of water. What is going to happen? You will notice that the smaller ball makes a little splash as it falls into the bucket. The heavier ball makes a very big splash. Why? Note the following: 1. Both balls had potential energy as they rested on the table. 2. By resting up on a high table, they also had gravitational energy. 3. By moving and falling off the table (movement), potential and gravitational energy changed to Kinetic Energy. Can you guess which of the balls had more kinetic energy? (The big and heavier ball) Let's see another classic example. If you are in a hot room and you turn on the fan, what do you begin to feel? Air (wind). The speedy movement of the fan's blades has kinetic energy, which is then transferred into air (wind) that you now feel. Other examples of Kinetic Energy include a moving car, moving wheel, and a moving arrow. Click to see a good example of kinetic energy in use. Can you give your own examples?       Next, we shall look at Mechanical Energy.