It takes roughly how long for the Earth's rotating axis to complete a full circle (precession)?

Open Course : Astronomy : Introduction : Lecture 3 : Motion of the Earth Look in the calendar, and bring me word. -- Shakespeare, Julius Caesar 3.1 The Solar System Viewpoint (Discovering the Universe, 5th ed., §1-4, §1-6) We now know that the diurnal motion of the stars and the Sun is due to the Earth's rotation.   In addition, the movement of the Sun along the ecliptic is actually because of the Earth's revolution around the Sun.   Let's now consider the point of view where we are fixed with respect to the stars, located above (north of) the Earth, looking down on it and observing these motions.   First we notice that, looking down on the Earth's north pole, it is rotating counterclockwise. Such a rotation is essentially a definition of a "north pole".   The side of the Earth facing the Sun is in daylight, and the side away from the Sun is at night. Twelve noon would be halfway through the daylight portion, and twelve midnight would be on the opposite side of the Earth, halfway through the night portion.   The Sun sets around 6 P.M. as we are carried into the dark side, and rises around 6 A.M. as we are carried back into daylight.   Since the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west, these directions must be defined in terms of the rotation: east is in the direction of rotation and west is opposite to that direction, no matter where we stand on the surface of the Earth.   Continuing further "north", we are able to see the Earth's orbit around the Sun. The Earth's orbit is very nearly circular, and it defines a plane in space called the plane of the ecliptic. As the Earth moves around the orbit, we say that the Earth revolves around the Sun (to distinguish this motion from rotation). The Earth's revolution is in the same counterclockwise direction as its rotation.   Because of the revolution of the Earth, stars shift their position relative to the Sun. For example, in the picture at the right (representing the passage of about two months' time), a star which was overhead at midnight (i.e. directly opposite the Sun) is now overhead at a different time. Question: about what time is it in the second position? As a result of the Earth's revolution, from day to day a particular star will transit (or rise, or set) at earlier and earlier times. This is the same 4 min/day differentiating the sidereal day from the synodic day . 3.2 The Tilt of the Earth's Axis (Discovering the Universe, 5th ed., §1-6) Moving from directly above the Earth's orbit down outside one edge of the orbit, we can get a perspective view. We then observe that, with respect to the perpendicular to the ecliptic plane (which points to orbital north), the Earth's axis is tilted at an angle of 23.5°: Equivalently, we can say that the Earth's equator is at an angle of 23.5° to the ecliptic plane. The tilt angle is fixed, so the Earth's axis maintains the same orientation with respect to the stars as the Earth revolves around the Sun.   When the Earth's north pole is tilted directly towards the Sun, the latter is highest in the sky (in the northern hemisphere), which is what we called the summer solstice . Here in Atlanta, the Sun is 33.4° - 23.5° = 10.2° away from the zenith at the summer solstice.   When the north pole is tilted directly away from the Sun, the latter is lowest in the sky (in the northern hemisphere), which is the winter solstice . Here in Atlanta, the Sun is 33.4° + 23.5° = 57.2° away from the zenith at the winter solstice.   As before, the intermediate positions are the vernal and autumnal equinoxes. Here in Atlanta, the Sun is 33.7° away from the zenith at the equinoxes.   Note that (in the northern hemisphere) daytime (the light part of the circle the person is standing on) is longest at the summer solstice, and it is shortest at the winter solstice. Question: what effect will this have on daily temperature? Daytime and nighttime have roughly equal length at the equinoxes, hence the name,which means "equal night". 3.3 Precession (Discovering the Universe, 5th ed., §1-7) The Earth is not a perfect sphere; instead, it is slightly oblate, i.e


The crossed-ropes acting as ladders to masts on old sailing ships are called?

��ࡱ�>�� ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ @ ��=�bjbj00 &�RbRb-��������LLLLLLL<@@@8x� <<C/Tj���[ [ [ �.�.�.�.�.�.�.$E0R�2��.Lz,[ [ z,z,�.LL����.R.R.R.z,"L�L��.R.z,�.R.R.LLR.�H ���@�,"R.�./0C/R.Q3�,�Q3R.`$��LLLLQ3LR.p[ F�!�R.e%i([ [ [ �.�.<<@B.<<@ HYPERLINK "http://homepage.mac.com/crabola/PirateGlossary/Menu22.html" A Pirate's Glossary of Terms  Abaft - To the aft or stern of the ship.  Acts of pardon - A letter of marque for a "reformed" pirate, thus making him a privateer; or setting a pirate free. Admiral of the Black - A title given to the leader of the Brethren of the Coast.  aft - At, in, toward, or close to the stern of a ship.  ahoy - An interjection used to hail a ship or a person or to attract attention. American Main - The eastern coastal lands of North America.  Amidships - The middle of the ship, either in regard to her length or breadth.  Anchor - a heavy weight, often shaped with hooked ends, lowered into the water to keep a ship in one place. Arr! - An exclamation. ARTICLES � Contract signed by pirates when signing with a ship. It stated the rules as well as shares of profits.  avast - A command meaning stop or desist. aye (or ay) - Yes; an affirmation.  ballast - Heavy material that is placed in the hold of a ship to enhance stability. Barbary Coast - The Mediterranean coastline of North Africa, from Egypt to the Atlantic coastline. barkadeer - A small pier or jetty vessel. Barnacle - Small, razor-sharp shellfish that collect in large numbers on the ships' hulls.  barque (also bark) - A sailing ship with from three to five masts, all of them square-rigged except the after mast, which is fore-and-aft rigged; a small vessel that is propelled by oars or sails. Beam - Measurement across the ship at her wildest part.  bel


In Greek mythology, name the Gorgon monster with snakes for hair, slain by Perseus?

Perseus Perseus See More Perseus Pictures > According to the myth, there once was a king named Acrisius , who had a beautiful daughter named Danae . The Oracle of Apollo told Acrisius that there would come a day when Danae 's son would kill him; so he locked Danae in a bronze tower so that she would never marry or have children. The tower had no doors, except for one very small window. Danae was very sad, until one day, a bright golden light came through the small window; a man appeared holding a thunderbolt in his hand and although Danae knew he was a god, she didn't know which one. The man said, "Yes, I am a god and I wish to make you my wife. I can turn this dark prison into a wonderful, sunny and blooming land." Indeed, the horrible prison turned into fields as beautiful as the Elysian Fields themselves, but one day Acrisius saw light coming out of the small window. He told his men to tear down one of the walls. When he entered, he saw Danae smiling and holding a baby on her lap. This was Perseus . Acrisius was furious, so he locked Danae and baby Perseus in a large chest and cast them out to sea. Somehow, they managed to arrive safely to the island of Seriphos, where Polydectes ruled. The king's brother, Dictys, who was a fisherman, caught the chest in his net and pulled it to shore, freeing Danae and her son. Perseus grew up to become a strong young man. Polydectes heard about Danae and asked her in marriage, but she rejected him. If it wasn't for Perseus , Polydectes would have married Danae by force; so the king decided to create a plan to get rid of the young man. Polydectes pretended to marry the daughter of his friend. Everybody had to bring a wedding present, including Perseus . However, Perseus , being poor, had not brought anything, and Polydectes pretended to be furious. After a heated discussion, Perseus said he would bring him anything the king would ask; so Polydectes asked for the head of the Gorgon Medusa . Perseus set forth on his adventure; he wandered for days, searching for the Gorgons lair. One night, in an unknown country he realized how hopeless things were. Medusa was a horrible creature, who had snakes growing out of her head instead of hair, and a terrifying gaze that literary petrified anyone who would look into her eyes. In his despair, a tall woman and a young man with winged sandals appeared and introduced themselves as goddess Athena and god Hermes . Hermes said that they were all siblings as Perseus was in fact the son of Zeus , so they would help him in his quest; so Hermes offered him his winged sandals and the sickle that was used by Cronus to castrate Uranus ; while Athena gave him her shield, so that Perseus would not have to look straight into Medusa 's eyes. They also gave him further information on how to find the lair of Medusa . So Perseus went to the cave of the Graeae , who would lead him further in his adventure. The Graeae were three women who shared a single eye among them. So, when one of them was about to give the eye to one of the others, Perseus grabbed it and blackmailed them to aid him. So, the Graeae informed him that he should find the Nymphs of the North to get the Cap of Darkness which would make him invisible, as well as a magic bag. After getting these two items, Perseus eventually went to the lair of Medusa and her sisters, whom he found sleeping. He wore the Cap of Darkness, and unseen managed to kill Medusa using the sickle; he then used the shield to carry the head and place it into the magic bag, for even though it was dead, the head still have the potential to turn someone into stone. Medusa 's sisters woke up and attacked Perseus , but he flew away using his winged sandals. On his way back to Seriphus, he had many adventures; in one of them, he came across the Titan Atlas , who was condemned to carry the heavens on his shoulders. To release him of his pain, Perseus turned him into stone using Medusa 's head, so that he would no longer feel the weight of his burden. Later on, he saw what looked like a statue chained to a rock, so he went to investigate.


A dosimeter measures human absorption of what over a time period?

Dosimetry facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Dosimetry Encyclopedia of Espionage, Intelligence, and Security COPYRIGHT 2004 The Gale Group    Inc. Dosimetry █ LARRY GILMAN Dosimetry measures the amount of radiation energy absorbed over a given period of time by an object (e.g., human body) or by part of that object (e.g., an organ or tumor). Here, radiation refers not only to ionizing radiation of the sort emitted by radioactive materials—fast particles and gamma rays—but to light, radio waves, or ultrasound. Dosimetry is essential wherever radiation is utilized to treat cancer; the treatment must deliver a sufficient dose to target tissues without delivering too large a dose to other parts of the body. Dosimetry is also needed, wherever radioactive materials are handled in significant quantities, to track the cumulative exposure of individuals and to moniotor for accidental releases of radioactive material. A device that measures cumulative radiation exposure is a dosimeter. A Geiger counter is a radiation detector, but not a dosimeter, because it gives only a moment-to-moment reading of radiation intensity; a strip of photographic film, however, whose degree of exposure indicates how much radiation it has absorbed (up to its saturation limit), can act as a dosimeter. Filmstrip dosimeters are, in fact, still used to measure exposure to ionizing radiation. By grading the sensitivity of a specially formulated film strip from one end to the other, it can be made to indicate net, cumulative radiation exposure as a bar of darkening that grows from the most sensitive end of the film to the least sensitive end. Such "badge dosimeters" are common in the nuclear weapons and nuclear-power industries. However, they have the disadvantage that they must be developed to be read, and so do not give the bearer immediate knowledge of their exposure level. Another type of dosimeter is the pen ionization dosimeter. These devices contain a long, narrow chamber filled with a few cubic centimeters of nonconducting gas. A metallic contact touches the interior of the chamber at each end. When the dosimeter is to be used, an initial electric charge is placed on the gas tube; that is, an imbalance of electrons is created between the two ends. Since the gas in the tube is normally nonconducting, electrons cannot travel through it to even out the charge imbalance. However, ionizing radiation passing through the gas forcibly frees electrons from atoms in the gas (i.e., partly ionizes the gas), and these negatively charged electrons are free to flow toward the end of the tube having a positive charge. The more ionizing radiation the pen dosimeter is exposed to, therefore, the more of its initial charge is enabled to leak through the gas tube; the amount of charge lost is a measure of the amount of radiation that has passed through the tube. A pen dosimeter can be read by its bearer at any time, and so gives a current reading of exposure; however, pen dosimeters readings can be affected by mechanical shock or vibration. A more modern dosimeter design is the thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD). A TLD contains a tiny crystal of lithium fluoride (sometimes mounted in a finger-ring) that undergoes cumulative structural changes as it is exposed to ionizing radiation. When heated, the crystal glows, giving off an amount of light that is proportional to its radiation exposure. This light is observed by an electronic sensor in a readout unit and recorded digitally. This data can be stored in a central database, a convenient feature if an organization wishes to systematically monitor radiation exposure of a large body of personnel. Databasing of TLD data has been used, for example, by Canada to monitor the exposure of its troops to radiation from depleted-uranium munitions used by NATO in Bosnia. TLDs, unlike film badges, can be re-used; however, they must be inserted in a reader that heats the crystal and records the light emitted, a process that may take 20 to 30 seconds and erases the data in the crystal. An even more recent e


What technical term, also slang for street, refers to the forces resisting the forward movement of an aircraft?

Appendix:Glossary of military slang - Wiktionary Appendix:Glossary of military slang Jump to: navigation , search Military slang is a set of colloquial terms which are unique to or which originated with military personnel. They are often abbreviations or derivatives of the NATO Phonetic Alphabet , or otherwise incorporating aspects of formal military concepts and terms. Military slang is also used to reinforce the (usually friendly) interservice rivalries . Some of these terms have been considered gregarious to varying degrees and attempts have been made to eliminate them. For the purposes of this article, "military slang" includes slang used by any English-speaking armed forces (armies, navies, air forces). 0 - 9[ edit ] 1st CivDiv (U.S. Marine Corps) The "First Civilian Division", the (fictitious) division made up of Marines who leave the military and go back to civilian life. 11 Bang-Bang / 11 Boom-Boom / 11 Bush / (pejorative) 11 Bulletstop(per) (U.S. Army) An infantryman, from the Military Occupational Specialty designation "11B". (Canada and U.K.) Second in Command. 4-10-4 (U.S.) A "Desert Queen": a female who is normally considered a 4 on a 1-10 scale (back in the States), becomes a 10 upon arrival in the AOR, but reverts back to a 4 upon return to the States. 411 (U.S.) Briefing prior to one's mission. Example: "Meet me in my office when you're ready for the 411 on your mission." 5 fingers of death (U.S. Army, U.S. Marine Corps) The beef franks which are included, with beans, in some MREs; so named for their number and unpleasant taste. The dish is also known as "beans and motherfuckers" for the same reason. Because later versions of the meal only contained four beef franks without any beans, they and were subsequently renamed the "4 dicks of death". (U.S. Air Force, U.S. Army, and U.S. Marine Corps) A 40mm grenade or M203 grenade launcher , such as is often mounted underneath an M-16 or a variant thereof. 60 mil (Canada) A 60mm mortar. 782 Gear (U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Navy Seabees) Organizational equipment issued to a Marine or Seabee by his or her unit that is kept as part of the Member's personal gear, but must be returned in serviceable condition upon that member's departure, usually including load-bearing equipment, ruck packs, body armor, helmets and other field gear. References an obsolete inventory form. Also referred to as "deuce gear." The U.S. Army equivalent is "TA-50 [gear]". 84 mil (Canada) A 84mm Carl G ( Carl Gustav recoilless rifle ). The Singapore Army equivalent, prior to 2013, was simply "84". 90-day wonder (derogatory) A newly-commissioned (O-1) graduate of Officer Candidate School or DIRCOM (Direct Commissioning) program. During WWII, Korea, and early Vietnam, prior to 1970, this terminology referred only to graduates of OCS, which was also derisively known as the "Oklahoma Cook's School." From 2004-2005, the U.S. Marine Corps had a 90 day reservist option that allowed a Marine to enlist, do boot camp, then return to civilian life without attending advanced schooling to finish high school. (U.S. Navy) Term used to designate something as "All hands", or pertinent to everyone. Usually used by air traffic controllers to designate one transmission as pertinent to all aircraft on frequency. Example: "99, arresting gear is down." 72s and 96s (U.S) The time (72 or 96 hours, respectively) given to a military member for liberty on holidays or special occasions. Anti-aircraft fire; flak . acorn boy(s) (U.S., Civil War-era) Member(s) of the U.S. Army's XIV Corps, from its distinctive acorn cap badge. adashi (U.S.) A Korean man. adm day (RN, circa 1900) Tinned fish. AFI Air Force Instruction, or derogatorily Another Fucking Inconvenience Ai-ee-yah (U.S.) Same as "Hooah," used in the U.S. Army 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment . Based on an American Indian war cry. See also "Ie-yee-ah" air bear (U.S. Air Force) Security or MP trooper air-dale (U.K. and U.S.) Derogatory term for a pilot or aircrew. Air Force mittens (U.S.) Front pockets of BDU pants. Also, "Army gloves." Compare with 'Bundeswehr gloves', belo


Bir, iki, uc, dort, bes (loosely westernised) are 1-5 in what language?

greek&turks - Google Groups greek&turks In < E2Ez9...@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU > Gregory Dandulakis wrote: >The story is simple.  The Osmanli language had more than 80% >non-turkish origin words (based on any vocabulary) (mostly >Persian and Arabic), and a not exactly evaluated amount of >non-turkish origin grammatical structures.  All this was >wiped out by frenzically working ideologues, who found even- >tually a political environment to accept their goals.  Just >for comparisons sake imagine an English language cleansed >by all the non-english origin words and grammatical forms. >And all this created by a bunch of maniacal ideologues, who >eventually find some powerful politicians willing to impose >this new artificial language. Your using words like "frenzical, maniacal, etc." clearly give away your feelings on the subject... Unfortunately neither your feelings nor ignorance will change the facts about the matter... In fact, if you get to learn more about it, you may have to increase your dose and use stronger words in order to keep that satisfaction... :) >At least in the Greek case there was an attempt made to bring >the artificial language closer to old great texts.  IN the >case of modern Turkish, the results were to immitate the >language of primitive nomads, and the filling to be covered >with massively invented neologisms. Maybe what you can't deal with is the fact that, what you call "language of primitive nomads" is one of the most structured, regular, precise and flexible languages... It is spoken in many great flavors, from Eastern Europe to Western China... What is called Ottoman Turkish had never been the language of the Turkish population is general... Thus the language reform was in fact replacing the language of the government and the so called elite with the language of the people... This was done mostly by reviving and/or popularising older words and words from different localities of Turkey, as well as from other Turkish/Turkic languges... Your statement on "invented neologisms" is nonsense. Some people may have problem with them because of their political views and for other reasons... But Turkish is an agglutinative language. Thus there is nothing unusual about making new words by appending suffixes to word stems... In fact, dictionaries will not even list all the words in use made from a same word stem but just give the meanings of the ones that may have acquired figurative meanings, etc. Because once the words stems and the suffixes are known, words can be synthesized on the fly by appending appropriate prefixes to the word stems... If you forego the figurative meanings, etc. a basic Turkish dictionary, listing a few hundred word stems and a few dozen suffixes, would fit in a pamphlet of a few pages but would be enough to understand most of the language... Perhaps it is a little difficult for you to conceive such efficiency... I suggest you don't learn too much about Turkish, for I'm affraid what you will find out about it may bother you even more... In article Cluster User < cluste...@yale.edu > wrote: ... >(however there is no point in arguing with MK, >since linguistic nationalism is an axiom for him, >as for gregory, I fail to see his point). My point is simple.  The language which was developed by the Ottomans, the Osmanly, expressed _directly_ the nature of their political evolution and cultures contributing to that state. The Ottomans early on very consiously realized that they could not sustain an expanding state, as well stabilize one, by forgetting the true political forces working within that state.  And beyond the original small turkogenic ruling cast, its whole main cultural carrier, before even the ruling cast reaching Minor Asia, was the Persian advanced (at the time) culture.  Persian was an integral part of the Ottomans from time zero.  Soon the Arabic world was a dominant force within that state.  So did the Ottomans were forced to mutate to absorbe as much of the Arabic culture as they could fit.  Similar, to a less extent happened with the Roman culture.  So, to pretend that


What is the mythical conjuring trick for which Lord Northbrook failed to find claim or demonstration on offering a £10,000 prize in 1875?

THE RISE AND FALL OF THE INDIAN ROPE TRICK - Dr Peter Lamont THE RISE AND FALL OF THE INDIAN ROPE TRICK - Dr Peter Lamont This legendary rope trick has generatedover a hundred years of debate among scientists, psychical researchers, journalists, magiciansand the public. This paper is an attempt to present a comprehensive solution to the legend. Copyright: Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC) THE RISE AND FALL OF THE INDIAN ROPE TRICK 1 Peter LamontKoestler Parapsychology UnitUniversity of Edinburgh&Richard WisemanPerrott Warrick Research UnitUniversity of Hertfordshire Abstract In the classic version of the Indian rope trick the performer first causes a rope to rise into the air.His boy assistant then scurries up the rope and promptly disappears. Next, the performer climbsthe rope after the boy and also vanishes. Moments later, dismembered parts of the boy's body fallto the ground. The performer now descends the rope and places these parts into a basket. Finally,the boy jumps from the basket, fully restored to life. This legendary rope trick has generatedover a hundred years of debate among scientists, psychical researchers, journalists, magiciansand the public. This paper is an attempt to present a comprehensive solution to the legend. Thepaper describes how the legend of the trick became known in the West via a hoax article carriedby an American newspaper in 1890. The paper then notes how the legend gained momentumwhen witnesses claimed to have actually seen the trick, and occasionally produced photographicand filmic evidence to support their claims. The paper presents a detailed critique of thisevidence and concludes that it is less than convincing. The photographic and filmic evidence iseither inauthentic or hoaxed, and the eyewitness accounts were unreliable. The paper thenoutlines how those who believed in the reality of the trick attempted to account for the illusion,and notes how writers variously argued that the trick was a genuine paranormal event, the resultof mass hallucination or a magic trick. A final section of the paper considers why the legend of the trick has achieved worldwide popularity. 1   The authors would like to thank Eddie Dawes and Marcello Truzzi for their comments on thisarticle. We are also indebted to them and the following individuals for supplying valuableinformation related to the article: Douglas Cameron, Mrs Amy Dawes, Peter Lane, Bob Loomis,B Premenand, and Alan Wesencraft.   2 Introduction Some parapsychologists have investigated individuals claiming strong psychic ability andexamined the possible existence of large scale extraordinary paranormal happenings (see Beloff,1993 for an historical review of such work). This line of research is important for two mainreasons. First, such investigations may uncover evidence of genuine paranormal phenomena.Indeed, Braude (1986) has argued that, like many other human abilities, such as creativity,psychic ability might best be studied in extremis, rather than in the 'normal' population. Second,even if such investigations uncover normal explanations for the phenomena under examination,they may yield valuable insight into the psychology of deception and self-deception.Some of these investigations have involved Western scientists traveling to India to examine awide variety of allegedly miraculous events (see Wiseman & Harraldson, 1995). However, veryfew researchers have examined the claims surrounding probably the most famous secular miracleof all time, namely, the legendary Indian Rope Trick.The classic version of the rope trick is performed during the day, in the open and with theperformer completely surrounded. The performer causes a rope to magically snake into the airand remain erect. His boy assistant then scurries up to the top of the rope and promptlydisappears. The performer calls for the boy to come back, but he refuses to return. The performerbecomes annoyed, climbs the rope after the boy and also vanishes. Moments later, dismemberedparts of the boy's body fall to the ground. The performer, covered in blood, now descends therope, and pla


South Korean Ban Ki-moon was reappointed unopposed in June 2011 as head (secretary-general) of what organization?

BBC News - Profile: United Nations Profile: United Nations The UN's New York headquarters The United Nations (UN), which emerged in 1945 from the devastation of global conflict, aims to "save succeeding generations from the scourge of war". Its mission is to maintain international peace and security and to promote friendly relations between countries. The UN Charter upholds human rights and proposes that states should work together to overcome social, economic, humanitarian and cultural challenges. BACKGROUND The UN's predecessor, the League of Nations, was established after the 1914-18 World War. It aimed to prevent another global conflict, but it failed to halt the slide towards war in the 1930s and was disbanded in 1946. Civil war in Liberia prompted the UN's biggest troop deployment Much of the league's structure and many of its aims were adopted by its successor. In 1944 the US, Britain, the Soviet Union and China met in Washington and agreed on a blueprint for a proposed world organisation. The blueprint formed the basis of talks in 1945 between representatives from 50 countries. Under the terms of the resulting charter the UN came into being on 24 October 1945. MEMBERS The UN comprises 193 member states. South Sudan is the newest member - it joined in July 2011. Membership grew as colonies became independent and the Soviet Union disintegrated. The Vatican and Taiwan remain non-members. Most members have permanent missions at the UN's main headquarters in New York. Potential members are recommended by the Security Council and are admitted by a two-thirds majority vote in the General Assembly. Member nations contribute to the running costs of the UN. A country's contribution is assessed on its ability to pay. The US is the top contributor. STRUCTURE General Assembly The assembly is the UN's main forum for debate. It is the only UN body which includes representatives from all member countries. Each member country has one vote. Members can discuss any subject in the UN Charter, from international security to the UN budget. The assembly can issue recommendations, based on its deliberations. But it has no power to force countries to act on these. The assembly may also adopt "declarations", reflecting high degrees of concern or resolve among members. On key issues - including international security - a two-thirds majority is needed to adopt a resolution. The General Assembly meets for three months of the year from mid-September, and for special and emergency sessions. Its annual sessions open with a "General Debate", in which each member country delivers a statement about its perspective on world events. Most assembly business is dealt with by its six Main Committees. The assembly approves or rejects their recommendations. Security Council The council is tasked with ensuring global peace and security. It has five permanent member nations: China, France, Russia, the UK and the US. Ten other countries have temporary membership on a rotating basis. The council can impose economic sanctions and can authorise the use of force in conflicts. It also oversees peacekeeping operations. Economic and Social Council The council spearheads the UN's economic, social, humanitarian and cultural activities. It oversees the work of commissions which deal with human rights, population growth, technology and drugs, among other issues. Its 54 members are elected by the General Assembly. International Court of Justice (World Court) The court is the main judicial body of the UN and is tasked with settling legal disputes submitted to it by states. It sits in the Dutch city of The Hague. SOME RECENT COURT RULINGS 2011: Rules that it does not have jurisdiction to examine case filed by Georgia that accuses Russia and separatist rebels of ethnic cleansing. 2010 Rules that Kosovo's declaration of independence from Serbia in 2008 did not break international law. 2006: Rules against Argentina's attempt to have paper mill projects in Uruguay suspended 2005: Rules that Uganda must compensate DR Congo for looting during 1998-2003 war 2004: Majority ruling


The word 'Torchwood' is what in relation to 'Doctor Who'?

The Internet Anagram Server : Anagrams for: torchwood Anagrams for: torchwood Thought of the Moment Let the dictionary (for example) mark a good word as "obsolete" or "obsolescent" and few men thereafter venture to use it, whatever their need of it and however desirable its restoration to favor - whereby the process of impoverishment is accelerated and speech decays. -Ambrose Bierce, writer (1842-1914) Try advanced options to fine-tune these anagram results. 78 found. Displaying all:


How many sides (different straight outer edges, excluding shadow) does each '2' have in the London 2012 Olympics logo?

History Of Architecture Notes For part2 Examination (Indian Institute Of Architects) | Punjab | India History Of Architecture Notes For part2 Examination (Indian Institute Of Architects) History of Architecture Notes for part 2 Examination of Indian Institute Of Architeccts Copyright: Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC) by Atul Kumar Engineer   PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information.PDF generated at: Sun, 07 Nov 2010 08:01:56 UTC Notes On History OfArchitecture For indianInstitute Of ArchitectsEXamination Part-2) Collection By Atul Saxena Contents Articles Chandigarh1Laurie Baker11Louis Kahn16Frank Lloyd Wright24Bauhaus45Ludwig Mies van der Rohe55Le Corbusier67Hafeez Contractor80Antoni Gaudí82Achyut Kanvinde87Joseph Allen Stein88Raj Rewal90Philip Johnson92B. V. Doshi99Anant Raje101Walter Gropius102Modern architecture107Crystal Palace, London112Eiffel Tower118Woolworth Building136 References Article Sources and Contributors141Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors145 Article Licenses


The Grimaldi family has ruled which principality since 1297?

Rainier III Encyclopedia  >  History  >  Biographies  >  French History: Biographies Rainier III Rainier III (rĕnyāˈ) [ key ], 1923–2005, prince of Monaco (1949–2005), a member of the Grimaldi family, which has ruled the tiny principality since 1297. Fiercely anti-Nazi, Ranier served with distinction as an officer in the French Army during World War II. On the death of his grandfather, Louis II, in 1949 he succeeded as ruler of Monaco. Rainier devoted himself to insuring Monaco's independence and financial stability, transforming a state that had been economically devastated by the war into an international business center, a successful resort for the wealthy, and a modern tourist destination. In 1956 he married the American actress Grace Kelly (see Grace , princess consort of Monaco). His son, Albert II , succeeded him. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.


'Core' is a brand of which computer technology company?

Computer & IT Logo Design - Logos for Tech Companies Submit Computer & IT Logo Design Explained Businesses that work with computers and information technology have to compete in one of the world’s fastest evolving industries. These companies tend to choose computer & IT logo design that emphasize intelligence, creativity, and optimism. They offer the promise of a better world, so they have to present themselves in a way that convinces people to try their products and services. Working in a competitive industry means you need a logo that will help your company stand out. Entrepreneurs form tech start-ups every day, putting a lot of pressure on business owners and managers to keep up with the latest ideas and make their companies seem hip. That is not always an easy task to accomplish. Mixing the right features, however, can produce a computer logo that suits your business’s personality and target audience. Images Used in Successful Company Logos Logos that use either relevant or novel images and symbols can quickly communicate something integral about your business’s personality. The Apple computer logo is a great example. While the company has changed its logo throughout its history, it always uses the image of an apple. The image has become so popular that Apple doesn’t even need to mention its name. Anyone who sees the logo automatically thinks about Apple the company, not just the fruit. According to some, the Apple computer logo takes its symbol from the Biblical story explaining how humans betrayed God’s orders and got kicked out of Eden. It is important to note that, in the story, Adam and Eve disobey God by eating fruit from the Tree of Knowledge. In many versions of the story, an apple represents that fruit. Notice that the apple in Apple’s logo has a bite taken out of its side. This symbol indicates that the company dedicates itself to pursuing knowledge. That’s the kind of symbolism that can make a logo successful on many levels. TiVo takes a different approach by including a humanized television in its logo. The character has legs, a smile, and antennae that make it look like a human-television hybrid. It is a playful look that doesn’t take itself too seriously. TiVo makes products that make entertainment exciting and convenient. In using an animated symbol, this company wants to communicate the fun aspects of using its products. Popular Colors Used in IT Logos Many tech companies decide to use logos that include a lot of red in the text or image. According to color psychology, red’s positive features include excitement, strength, and energy. Because companies working within the limits of technology rely on these features, it makes sense that so many of them would want red in their logos. Some popular companies that use red in their logos include Adobe, Netflix, SanDisk, Oracle, and Nintendo. Each of these companies offers something unique that consumers cannot get anywhere else. Many of them have released products that people use daily. Adobe, for instance, creates software that makes it possible for people to share PDF files, alter images, and mix music. Putting red in its logo shows that Adobe is committed to pursuing new technologies and has a deep interest in intellectual exploration. Blue is another color commonly used by computer and IT companies. This makes sense because people see blue as intellectual, trustworthy, and serene. It is a cool color that tells customers they can rely on the company to do its job properly. Some technology companies that use blue in their logos include PayPal, Sun Microsystems, HP, and Facebook. By using blue, the companies communicate that they can meet goals because they take a calm, intellectual approach to solving problems. That’s exactly what many people want from technology companies. Popular Typeface Options Used in Technology Logos Technology companies need a contemporary look. Consumers want to know that they are buying services and products from businesses that keep up with the latest technological developments. That helps explain why almost every computer and IT


Which pottery company originally developed the designs Kutani Crane, Wild Strawberry and Jasperware?

Antique Wedgwood Pottery & Porcelain: History & Marks - Josiah Wedgwood – Other Wedgwood’s – Genuine Wedgwood – Wedgwood Chronology Josiah Wedgwood (1730-1795) The patriarch of the Darwin Wedgwood family, He founded the wedgwood company and many of his descendants were closely involved in the management of the company. Right down to the time of the merger with the Waterford Company. Wedgwood was a constant innovator, a thinker, and a scientist. In 1782 he perfected a tool for measuring heat in kilns. On the basis of his work Wedgwood was elected to the Royal Society in 1783. The first major innovation Wedgwood introduced to the pottery field was the development of Queen’s Ware, a cream-coloured, lead-glazed earthenware. This was durable china formed with a mixture of flint and white clay. In 1765 Wedgwood provided a tea service in this new material for Queen Charlotte, wife of George III. She was so pleased with it that she gave Wedgwood permission to call it Queens Ware, and to style himself, “Potter to Her Majesty”. Queens Ware became an enormous success and spread the name of Wedgwood across all of Europe. Today Queens Ware is highly collectable and very affordable. In 1768 Wedgwood developed a fine black porcelain called Black Basalt. With this fine-grained stoneware he was able to produce copies of the newly excavated Etruscan pottery from Italy. The new innovation proved another huge commercial success. The surface was lustrous and smooth, with a purple-black sheen. Wedgwood’s factory could scarcely keep up with the demand for candlesticks, medallions, tableware, and vases in the material. The third major innovation for which Wedgwood is remembered is Jasper Ware, which has been described as the most important invention in the history of ceramics since the discovery of porcelain. It took Wedgwood years of experimentation to perfect his design for this unglazed stoneware with the uncanny ability to be both durable and delicate, and to take colours so evenly throughout its surface. Jasper can be almost any colour, although the most famous examples are are pale or dark blue and white. The new material was used in an astonishing array of objects, including, of all things, a grand piano. Jasper Ware is also famous for the bas relief applied to the sides, often in imitation of classical Greek motifs. Jasper Ware has been in production for over 200 years, and in that time the methods of production have remained virually unchanged. It would seem that Josiah Wedgwood got it right first time. Josiah Wedgwood Descendants John Wedgwood (1766–1844) eldest son of Josiah I, partner from 1790 to 1793, again from 1800 to 1812. Josiah Wedgwood II (1769-1843) second son of Josiah I, succeeded his father as proprietor in 1795 and introduced the production of Wedgwood bone china. Josiah Wedgwood III (1795-1880) son of Josiah II, partner from 1825 until he retired in 1842. Francis Wedgwood (1800-1880) son of Josiah II, a partner from 1827 and sole proprietor following his father’s death until joined by his own sons. Financial difficulties caused him to offer the firm and the family home etruria hall, for sale soon after taking over the factory but fortunately for the company, only the hall was sold. He continued as senior partner until his retirement to Barlaston Hall in 1876. Godfrey Wedgwood (1833-1905) son of Francis Wedgwood, partner from 1859 to 1891. He and his brothers reintroduced bone china c1876 and employed of the artists Thomas Allen and Emile Lessore. Clement Wedgwood (1840-1889) son of Francis Wedgwood, partner. Laurence Wedgwood (1844-1913) son of Francis Wedgwood, partner. Major Cecil Wedgwood DSO (1863-1916) son of Godfrey Wedgwood, partner from 1884, first Mayor of the federated County Borough of Stoke-on-Trent (1910-1911). Chairman and managing director of Wedgwood until his death in battle in 1916. Kennard Laurence Wedgwood (1873-1949) son of Laurence Wedgwood, partner. In 1906 he went to the United States and set up the firm’s New York office, which became Josiah Wedgwood and Sons USA, an incorporated subsidiary, in


What is the common name of aluminium/aluminum oxide crystals used in grinding?

Aluminum oxide - CreationWiki, the encyclopedia of creation science Aluminum oxide 18 W m−1 K−1 Structure 79.04 J mol−1 K−1 Hazards Disclaimer and references Aluminum Oxide is a chemical compound consisting of two aluminum ions and three oxygen ions demonstrated by the formula Al2O3 Another commons name for aluminum oxide is aluminium oxide which is its proper name. It may also be referred to as aloxide, aloxite, or alundum. It is most frequently found in a crystalline polymorphic phase which s comprised of the mineral corundum which helps form several precious stones such as rubies and sapphires. Aluminum oxide is very commonly used in industry to produce aluminum metal because of its hardness, and high melting point. Contents 5 Related References Properties Aluminum oxide is also a electrical insulator because of it's high thermal conductivity (about 30 Wm K-1) Aluminum oxide s also completely insoluble in water. It is also commonly used as an industrial abrasive material for cutting tools. Aluminum oxide is responsible for the resistance of metallic aluminium to weathering. It also is very reactive with atmospheric oxygen because of its thin passivation layer. Aluminum oxide is often used to enhance metals and prevent rusting especially in bronze. The structure of aluminum oxide is amorphous, but several reactions such as plasma electrolytic oxidation will make it harder. This compound is an amphoteric substance meaning that it can react with both acids and bases acting as an acid with a base and a base with an acid neutralizing the other ion and producing a salt. Occurrences Corundum Oxide is mined up from the earth. Corundum is the most common occurring crystalline form of aluminum oxide. Corundum can also be found in higher quality forms that compose rubies and sapphires. The red in a ruby owes its color to traces of aluminum oxide. Likewise, sapphires occur in various colors depending on the varying amounts of impurities from other substances such as iron or titanium. Uses Aluminum Oxide can be used in the making of ceramics. It is very useful when you are making ceramics because it has good mechanical strength, heat conductivity, fire resistant, corrosion and wear resistance, sliding properties, and it is a good electric insulation. Those properties do not relate to all of the ceramics that are created from aluminum oxide. Aluminum oxide can be mined and sometimes it is used as a natural abrasive so most emery boards are made from aluminum oxide, also a lot of sandpaper is made from Aluminum Oxide. It is also used in the coating of compact fluorescent lamps. Microdermabrasion uses aluminum oxide crystals. Aluminum oxide can be found as a crystal which is called corundum. Gallery Aluminum oxide slag - a byproduct of Solid rocket motor. Related References


Lachryma Christi, an old Italian sweet red wine translates to mean 'whose what'?

The News Newspaper - Issue 134 by The News Newspaper - issuu VICTORIA CAR HIRE UK UK Self Drive £99 per week Fully inclusive No hidden extras Delivery & Collection Gatwick Airport only Tel: 0044 1293 432155 Fax: 0044 1293 402600 Issue 134 Junta de Andalucia ‘paralysed’ P10 Partido Popular-Andalucia President warns of dire financial situation in the region NOT FADING AWAY - National News 15-M movement shows its strength Thousands of protesters in six main columns began arriving in Madrid last Saturday after a 34-day-long march from diﬀerent points in Spain to attend a mass meeting on Sunday in the Puerta del Sol where the movement was born on May 15th. % . ( The main purpose of Sunday's meeting was to prove to the world that the movement had no intention of fading away and that its spirit was very much alive. The estimated 37,500 protesters chanted the slogans “El pueblo unido jamas será vencido” (A TEL: 951 773 598 See Page 10 For Our Summer deals us) as they headed off for a “popular assembly” on the steps of Parliament. Complete Furniture packages NO INCOME CHECKS NO CREDIT CHECKS Call 951 913 483 902 585 569 / 652 986 088 FREE PROPERTIES UNION JACK REMOVALS ThE ORIgINAL - Established over 30 years National, International & Worldwide shipping UK FREEPHONE (/' % 0 - (1 2 -4 % -4 6 0800 321 3499 WEEKLY UK - IRELAND SERVICE Staysure Insurance WE SPEAK YOUR LANGUAGE Travel Insurance PET TRANSPORT • LOCAL REMOVALS • STORAGE FROM €10 pw 902 109 560 united people will never be beaten) and “Que no, que no, que no nos representan” “No, no, they – the politicians – don't represent Call Jack direct, who will visit you to discuss your removal plans over a coﬀee. MALAGA . MARBELLA . NERJA . ALMERIA . GRANADA . CADIZ . GIBRALTAR . ALICANTE . LA MANGA . MADRID FRANCE . ITALY . PORTUGAL . SWITZERLAND CASA COIN Legal Administration & Rentals Let us take out the stress of Spanish paperwork and bureaucracy We offer long term rental and NIE & Residencia, IBI, Taxes, Self maintenance services with a employment, Conveyancing & wide selection of properties contracts, E121, Interpreting, from €300 - €2000 per month. Vehicle name transfers, Driving licences, Taxes, Wills, plus many 622 303 447 more services all along the coast casacoin@gmail.com & inland. casacoinrentals@gmail.com BEST PRICES & SERVICE! www.casacoin.webs.com From 3.69€ Home Insurance Buildings & contents From 123€ ( Private Health Insurance From 49€ per month Funeral Plans Easy payment options, from 53€ per month 952 010 017 www.staysureabroad.com Calle de Marques del Duero 17 San Pedro de Alcántara, Málaga, 29670 Staysure.co.uk Ltd is a FSA regulated company. No. 436804. ASPHALT AND BLOCKPAVING FOR ALL URBANISATIONS ROADS AND PARKING AREAS LAID IN ASPHALT PLUS! CRUSHED CONCRETE FOR ROADS, TRACKS CAR PARKS ETC. LAID & ROLLED 300 ton crushed concrete. Available for road, tracks, carparks, etc. Very good for sub-base, can be supplied laid & rolled. For a good free quote in English ring 637 179 373 or in Spanish 673 250 707 James Ridgley 951 242 873 637 179 373 jrinspain@live.co.uk WEDNESDAY, July 27th 2011 WORLD Hot, hot, hot! By Kym Wickham k.wickham@thenewsonline.es Since last week’s “Bonkers” column I remembered an incident that we witnessed years ago here in Spain. I was talking to a friend about what people carry on scooters and mopeds here in Spain - you’d get nicked within 30 seconds doing it in the uK - and I was recalling an incident when we were on holiday here one november and saw going round a roundabout in Fuengirola a Vespa type scooter. On this scooter was a man driving it, followed by a child of around seven clinging to his back, followed by the ‘mujer’ who had a child in a papoose type carrier on her back. Bad enough? nah! - on the running board of the scooter was their huge Mastin type dog whose tail was dragging along the floor as the driver negotiated the roundabout and, best of all, it was raining and the only person with a helmet of any kind was the driver so, what did the ‘mujer’ do? She had her brolly up! Barking!! I attended a birthday party on Monday at


Sibilant | Define Sibilant at Dictionary.com sibilant [sib-uh-luh nt] /ˈsɪb ə lənt/ Spell Phonetics. characterized by a hissing sound; noting sounds like those spelled with s in this [th is] /ðɪs/ (Show IPA) rose [rohz] /roʊz/ (Show IPA) pressure [presh-er] /ˈprɛʃ ər/ (Show IPA) pleasure [plezh-er] /ˈplɛʒ ər/ (Show IPA) and certain similar uses of ch, sh, z, zh, etc. noun Latin 1660-1670 1660-70; < Latin sībilant- (stem of sībilāns), present participle of sībilāre to hiss), equivalent to sībil(us) a hissing, whistling (of imitative orig.) + -ant- -ant Related forms Examples from the Web for sibilant Expand Historical Examples They had both become aware of a sort of sibilant breathing, and they looked round them in bewilderment. A Duet Arthur Conan Doyle The name, also sibilant and thus easier to hear, was 'Esens'. A Singular Life Elizabeth Stuart Phelps She spoke French with the soft, sibilant intonation of the Spaniard. The Double Four E. Phillips Oppenheim With the chief's sibilant warning the boys softly laid down the tools and motor parts they were handling, and stood at attention. Dick Merriwell Abroad Burt L. Standish British Dictionary definitions for sibilant Expand adjective 1. (phonetics) relating to or denoting the consonants (s, z, / ʃ /, / ʒ /), all pronounced with a characteristic hissing sound 2. having a hissing sound: the sibilant sound of wind among the leaves noun C17: from Latin sībilāre to hiss, of imitative origin; compare Greek sizein to hiss Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for sibilant Expand adj. 1660s, from Latin sibilantem (nominative sibilans), present participle of sibilare "to hiss, whistle," possibly of imitative origin (cf. Greek sizein "to hiss," Lettish sikt "to hiss," Old Church Slavonic svistati "to hiss, whistle"). Related: Sibilance; sibilation (1620s). n. "speech sound having a hissing effect," 1772, from sibilant (adj.). Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper


What voltage is the common zinc-carbon or alkaline AAA battery (also coded LR03, E92, AM4 among others)?

The News Newspaper - Issue 135 by The News Newspaper - issuu VICTORIA CAR HIRE UK UK Self Drive £99 per week Fully inclusive No hidden extras Delivery & Collection Gatwick Airport only Tel: 0044 1293 432155 Fax: 0044 1293 402600 Issue 135 Wednesday, August 3rd 2011 Watch what you wear in Malaga P11 At this month´s feria make sure you follow the dress code and don’t risk being turned away DECIDED WEEkS AGO - National News November 20th E-Day Prime Minister José Luis Rodriguez Zapatero announced last Friday that he had decided to bring the general election forward by four months – to be held on November 20th instead of in March next year. He told a press conference after the weekly Cabinet meeting that falling unemployment figures indicated that the foundations had been laid for the country's economic recovery and the moment had arrived to set a definite date for the election. It would be officially confirmed on September 26th. He said he had decided on November 20th because his government still had to approve some reform laws which were in the final stages of drafting. The PM's announcement put an end to months of speculation. The main opposition party, the Partido Popular, has been calling for an early election for months and its successes in the May 22nd regional and local elections only made it step up the pressure. Since then, several other parties have joined the PP's call but until early last week, Sr Zapatero continued to insist that he intended to let the government serve out its full term. He later said he % . advantage of the improving unemployment figures, which could plunge again after the tourist season ends. Observers have also said that a firm election date would calm down the financial markets which are still jittery about Spain's ability to tackle its deficit problems. Complete Furniture packages CASA COIN Legal Administration & Rentals Let us take out the stress of Spanish paperwork and bureaucracy We offer long term rental and NIE & Residencia, IBI, Taxes, Self maintenance services with a employment, Conveyancing & wide selection of properties contracts, E121, Interpreting, from €300 - €2000 per month. Vehicle name transfers, Driving licences, Taxes, Wills, plus many 622 303 447 more services all along the coast casacoin@gmail.com & inland. casacoinrentals@gmail.com BEST PRICES & SERVICE! www.casacoin.webs.com ( Private Health Insurance From 49€ per month Funeral Plans Easy payment options, from 53€ per month 952 010 017 www.staysureabroad.com Calle de Marques del Duero 17 San Pedro de Alcántara, Málaga, 29670 Staysure.co.uk Ltd is a FSA regulated company. No. 436804. ASPHALT AND BLOCKPAVING FOR ALL URBANISATIONS ROADS AND PARKING AREAS LAID IN ASPHALT PLUS! CRUSHED CONCRETE FOR ROADS, TRACKS CAR PARKS ETC. LAID & ROLLED 300 ton crushed concrete. Available for road, tracks, carparks, etc. Very good for sub-base, can be supplied laid & rolled. For a good free quote in English ring 637 179 373 or in Spanish 673 250 707 James Ridgley 951 242 873 637 179 373 jrinspain@live.co.uk WEDNESDAY, August 3rd 2011 WORLD ...not a drop! By Kym Wickham k.wickham@thenewsonline.es So, what are the basics in life that you can’t really do without? I would say they are in the first place water, because without it you cannot grow the food you need to eat, nor can you process any of the materials you need to build a shelter. Yes, you could possibly live under a tree, working your way round it to keep out of the sun but then, what makes that tree grow in the first place? Yep, good old water! So far so good, we would all agree that life without water is pretty much impossible. We also all know about the terrible shortages in Africa again that have been caused, basically, by a lack of water causing great hardship and death to thousands. now, on a much more local note and, of course it in no way compares to what is happening in Africa, some of the people who live out in the campo on la carreta, coin, have been without town water for six weeks now. We’ve had letters in The news about it in the last few weeks but nothing has been d


A ploughman's lunch traditionally features what main foodstuff with bread?

Traditional English Pub Style Ploughmans Lunch Recipe - Food.com Cook 0 mins Just the words Ploughman's Lunch, conjures up images of lazy lunches sat outside with friends, in the Beer Garden of an old Country Pub! This is one of the most famous of pub lunches - so simple and yet so satisfying, especially if taken with a pint of real ale or cider! Although the term "Ploughman’s Lunch" was first coined in the 1930’s, as part of a very successful marketing campaign, the concept behind it goes back much further. Throughout the centuries, agricultural workers would take their lunch out to the fields with them; this usually consisted of bread and cheese with ale or cider - a perfect combination! It's easy to prepare and should consist of at least the following: crusty bread and butter; a selection of English cheeses; pickled onions; chutney and pickles. This also makes excellent picnic food, and is easy to pack and transport. I have two pickle recipes on Recipezaar that would be wonderful with this lunch: A British Classic - Pan Yan Pickle and The Almost Original Branston Pickle Recipe! . Ingredients 5-Ingredient Lunches Directions Arrange the buttered bread on a large platter or plate; you can also leave the bread unbuttered, and place a pat of butter on the side instead. Cut 4 ozs of cheese per person, it is nice to have a choice of two cheese, such as 2 ozs Cheddar and 2 ozs Stilton - arrange these on the same platter/plate. Put the pickled onions and chutney or pickles on the side of the plate, along with a fresh tomato left whole and the spring onions. Make sure there is salt and pepper available, as well as some good real ale or cider! Enjoy!


Scuppernong, named after a N Carolina USA river, is a variety of what?

Scuppernong Grape State Fruit | State Symbols USA Scuppernong grapes; photo by Judy Baxter (Old Shoe Woman) on Flickr (noncommercial use permitted with attribution / share alike). Scuppernong Grape North Carolina designated the Scuppernong grape as the official state fruit in 2001. A Scuppernong is a large variety of muscadine (a type of grape native to southeastern U.S.). The grape was named after the Scuppernong River of North Carolina, where it was first discovered. The word Scuppernong is from the Algonquian Indian word ascopo which means "sweet bay tree." Scuppernong grapes are usually greenish or bronze in color, similar in appearance and texture to a white grape, but rounder and about 50% larger. The skin is very thick and tart and several small green seeds are found in each grape. The pulp is viscous and sweet and the seeds are bitter - the most desirable part of the scuppernong is the sweet juice. From North Carolina State Library : "The Scuppernong (vitis rotundifolia) has the distinction of being the first grape ever actively cultivated in the United States. It was named for the Scuppernong River, which runs from Washington County to the Albemarle Sound. Roanoke colonists are credited with discovering the Scuppernong “Mother Vineyard” (a vine that is now over 400 years old and covers half an acre). Giovanni de Verrazano noticed this variety as far back as 1524, and explorers for Sir Walter Raleigh (sometimes spelled Ralegh) in the 1580’s sent back reports from the Outer Banks of grape vines that “…covered every shrub and climbed the tops of high cedars. In all the world, a similar abundance was not to be found.” Grape cultivation (of scuppernong and other varieties) is a small but growing part of North Carolina's economy. According to a 2007 press release from Governor Easley's office, North Carolina is now ranked number ten in the nation for both grape and wine production, and the grape industry produces $813 million a year for the state's economy." North Carolina


What legal term equates to 'being caught red-handed' and translates as 'in blazing crime'?

Legal Latin Terms | GCM Legal | 0861 88 88 35 An argument derived from previous event /ˌeɪ praɪ.ɔəraɪ/ a quo from which Regarding a court below in an apppeal, either a court of first instance or an appellate court, known as the court a quo. /ˌeɪ ˈkwoʊ/ ab extra from outside Concerning a case, a person may have received some funding from a 3rd party. This funding may have been considered ab extra. /ˌæb ˈɛkstrə/ ab initio from the beginning "Commonly used referring to the time a contract, statute, marriage, or deed become legal. e.g The couple was covered ab initio by her health policy." [1] /ˌæb ɪˈnɪʃi.oʊ/ absque hoc without this "Presenting the negative portion of a plea when pleading at common by way a special traverse." [1] A ctori incumbit probatio On the plaintiff rests the proving The burden of proof falls to the plaintiff, claimant, or petitioner according to Roman law. actus reus Part of what proves criminal liability (with mens rea) /ˌæktəs ˈriː.əs/ ad coelum to the sky Abbreviated from Cuius est solum eius est usque ad coelum et ad infernos which translates to "[for] whoever owns [the] soil, [it] is his all the way [up] to Heaven and [down] to Hell." The principle that the owner of a parcel of land also owns the air above and the ground below the parcel. /ˌæd ˈsiːləm/ Cadit quaestio The question falls Indicates that a settlement to a dispute or issue has been reached, and the issue is now resolved. Casus belli The justification for acts of war. /ˈkeɪsəs ˈbɛlaɪ/ casus fortuitus fortuitous event Force majeure, specifically a man-made inevitable accident (e.g. riots, strikes, civil war); ex: When H.M.S. Bounty was destroyed by Hurricane Sandy, October 29, 2012, casus fortuitus would describe the H.M.S. Bounty being at the wrong place when Hurricane Sandy came up the coast. Caveat When used by itself, refers to a qualification, or warning. Caveat emptor Let the buyer beware In addition to the general warning, also refers to a legal doctrine wherein a buyer could not get relief from a seller for defects present on property which rendered it unfit for use. /ˈkævi.ætˈɛmptɔr/ A type of writ seeking judicial review. /ˌsɜrʃi.əˈrɛəraɪ/,/ˌsɜrʃi.əˈrɛəriː/ With other things the same More commonly rendered in English as "All other things being equal." /ˌsɛtərɨsˈpærɨbəs/ Nobody suffers punishment for mere intent communio bonorum The aggregate of marital property under a community property matrimonial regime. compensatio morae Delay in payment or performance on the part of both the debtor and the creditor compos mentis Having command of mind Of sound mind. Also used in the negative "Non compos mentis", meaning "Not of sound mind". /ˈkɒmpɒsˈmɛntɨs/ A condition without which it could not be An indispensable and essential action, condition, or ingredient. consensus ad idem Agreement to the same Meeting of the minds, mutual assent, or concurrence of wills. Parties must be of one mind and their promises must relate to the same subject or object [3] Also consensus in idem. consensus facit legem Consensus makes the law Stipulates that when two or more persons arrive at a good faith agreement, the law will insist on that agreement being carried out. consuetudo pro lege servatur Custom is held as law Where no laws apply to a given situation, the customs of the place and time will have the force of law. contra Against Used in case citations to indicate that the cited source directly contradicts the point being made. contra bonos mores Contracts so made are generally illegal and unenforceable. contra legem Against the law Used when a court or tribunal hands down a decision that is contrary to the laws of the governing state. Contradictio in adjecto contra proferentem Against the one bringing forth Used in contract law to stipulate that an ambiguous term in a contract shall be interpreted against the interests of the party that insisted upon the term's inclusion. Prevents the intentional additions of ambiguous terminology from being exploited by the party who insisted on its inclusion. coram non judice Before one who is not a judge Refers t


Erratum is a list of what at the end of a publication?

Responsible Conduct of Research : Responsible Authorship and Peer Review I. The importance of authorship A. What is in the literature differs from the scientific process Writing in his autobiography, the Nobel laureate François Jacob described how the process of science was actually quite different from what was eventually written and published in the peer-reviewed literature. 1 He related how his research with Sydney Brenner and Matthew Meselsen initially had setbacks when they tried to identify a hypothesized intermediary molecule that took information from genes and allowed protein to be synthesized inside cells. He and his colleagues attempted, without luck, to show that the factor, which today we know as mRNA, attached itself to ribosomes, the cell's protein-manufacturing machinery. So one day, discouraged, Jacob said, he and Brenner took a break and went to a Pacific Ocean beach, where Brenner at some point exclaimed that magnesium was important for binding. When the two returned to the laboratory, they added enough magnesium to their experiments and then showed the factor associated with ribosomes. Without sufficient magnesium, the mRNA would not attach to ribosomes. The scientists had provided evidence for the existence of mRNA, which we now know transcribes information from DNA into a language that ribosomes can understand. But the paper reporting the results, which appeared in Nature in 1961, was not a historical narrative of what happened. The scientific paper explained mRNA's binding to ribosomes as a function of the concentration of magnesium, without mention of the eureka moment at the beach. Jacob compared the limitations of a scientific publication to capture the "truth" of the scientific process to a snapshot of a horse race. He said that scientific writing transforms and formalizes research and substitutes order for the disorder and agitation that animate life in a laboratory. B. Articles are key for academic recognition Although academic papers may not reflect the "reality" of the research process, peer-reviewed scholarly and scientific literature remains a key repository for the advancement of society's knowledge. Academicians and researchers submit their ideas and findings to journals. Journal editors and, generally, ad hoc peer reviewers for the journal then criticize the draft manuscripts, finding the strengths and weaknesses of the work. Based on the input, authors revise their writing, which ultimately gets published in a printed or, these days, online publication. For the authors of scholarly works, articles provide credit for promotions, grants, and recognition. Committees will review a publication record when considering tenure, funding for new research projects, and awards. C. Authors have a responsibility to publish Once material is published in the literature, the world -- including other scholars, investigators, and the public -- has access to it. Professionals in a given discipline can then challenge or corroborate the new findings. Some ideas and results quickly become part of society's collective wisdom, while others remain controversial, challenging the status quo. Findings in medicine appearing in scientific publications are often reported in the media and have particular importance because the public will follow health recommendations based on such results. Indeed, scientists and academicians who obtain government funding for their work have a responsibility to the public to describe their findings. D. Different ideas about authorship exist As research has become more complex and multidisciplinary, the need for many different types of experts to perform biomedical and other kinds of studies has increased. Investigators today collaborate on projects with colleagues from across the country and around the world, working with senior scientists, clinicians, undergraduate and graduate students, technicians, postdoctoral fellows, medical students and residents, statisticians, and other professionals. Each brings different expectations and even cultural experiences to issues such as who shou


Laudanum is an old medicine made from which drug?

Seduced By History: LAUDANUM USE IN THE 19TH CENTURY LAUDANUM USE IN THE 19TH CENTURY Laudanum Bottle would have a cork in the top Laudanum is a very old drug, but use became widespread during the Victorian era. Some authors suggest that use was a major health problem. Certainly many notable people of the time were addicted: Lord Byron, Percy Blythe Shelley, John Keats, Charles Dickens, Edgar Allen Poe, William Taylor Coleridge, and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (as well as his character Sherlock Holmes) are only a few. I confess I’m more than a little surprised that Charles Dickens appears on the list. Before we judge, however, we have to understand the times. Look in your medicine cabinet. If yours is like mine, you stock pain relievers for headaches and arthritis, coughs, Immodium, allergies, and gas relief. In the 1800’s, mortality from cholera, malaria, and dysentery was very high. Now we only have to take an Immodium tablet or something similar, but diarrhea actually killed huge numbers of people while they suffered terrible cramping. Even if laudanum couldn’t cure them, it eased their pain. New Rx's decrease death rates Tuberculosis was a problem, made worse by living conditions and hard work necessary for life in those times. Think of the furor when there’s an outbreak of e-coli, but that must have been commonplace in Victorian times and hardly newsworthy. It’s hard to realize just how deadly these diseases were because we have sanitation that has diminished cholera and dysentery. The drainage of swamp lands decreased malaria, a disease one of my ancestors contracted from living in the Brazos River Valley near Waco, Texas in the 1880’s. Introduction of aspirin in 1899 provided an alternative medication for pain relief. Along with antibiotics, modern pharmaceuticals have diminished the severity of all those diseases. A century ago, a have taken laudanum I wouldn’t feel comfortable providing the recipe I discovered for making laudanum, but it was 10% opium and 90% alcohol and usually flavored with cinnamon and sometimes also saffran. Not only was it available over the counter, it was recommended by doctors for everything from menstrual cramps to tuberculosis. It was much cheaper than any other form of pain killer, and that made it attractive to those in the lower economic classes. By no means was laudanum used only by the poor. Wealthy women even used it to achieve a coveted pallid complexion, and even infants were spoon fed laudanum. Only later did people realize that laudanum use was habit forming and demanded greater and greater doses to provide relief. Modern eliminate formerly fatal diseases In 1906, the Pure Food and Drug Act required that certain specified drugs--alcohol, cocaine, heroin, morphine, and cannabis--be accurately labeled with contents and dosage. Previously, many drugs had been sold as patent medicines with secret ingredients or misleading labels. Authorities estimate that sales decreased by one third after labeling was required. The Harrison Narcotics Tax Act of 1914 restricted the manufacture and distribution of opiates, including laudanum, and coca derivatives in the United States. Not until the middle of the 20th century did the U.S. government limit the use of opiates. In 1970, the U.S. adopted the Uniform Controlled Substances Act, which regulated opium tincture (laudanum) as a Schedule II substance and placed tighter controls on the drug. Caroline Clemmons writes romance and adventures—although her earliest made up adventures featured her saving the West with Roy Rogers. Her career has included stay-at-home mom (her favorite job), newspaper reporter and featured columnist, assistant to the managing editor of a psychology journal, and bookkeeper. She and her husband live in rural North Central Texas with a menagerie of rescued pets. When she’s not writing, she enjoys spending time with family, reading, travel, browsing antique malls and estate sales, and genealogy/family history. Her latest contemporary and historical romance releases include THE TEXAN’S IRISH BRIDE, OUT OF THE BLUE, SNOWFIRES, S


Toledo is a high quality what made in the Spanish town of that name?

Toledo Swords Medieval Swords - Fine Quality Medieval Swords From Toledo Swords Handle Material: Silver Wire Wrapped and Gold Finished Metal A Beautiful Display Piece $49.99 each The Scottish Claymore The Scottish Claymore sword is usually identified with the Scots as a symbol of pride and strength. The Claymore , or "Claidheamh-mor" (Great Sword) in Gaelic is a two handed broad sword utilized by the Scottish Highlander throughout several centuries. Used in the constant clan warfare and border fights with the English from the 1400's to 1650 and still in use as late as the Rebellion of 1745, the two-handed Claymore seems to be an offshoot of earlier broadswords as they were developed into great swords.  The Claymore was feared because of its strength and size. It was said that the bearer of a Claymore sword needed no shield because the reach of the sword provided its own protection. Today, the claymore sword stands as a great symbol of Scottish heritage. The Claymore Sword by Marto of Toledo Spain Jacob I (1394-1437). King of Scotland, was crowned in 1424 in Scone. Jacob I decreased the power of the feudal lords after overwhelming the Albany clan , because      of the conspiracies against him when he was a child. Under his rule the scotish laws were codified      and a system of weights and measures were set. Jacob I , a remarkable poet , was asassinated      by Sir Robert Graham in a conspiracy. For his bravery in the battle      and "strong hand" for ruling his country, Jacob I was called "the      Lion of Scotland". Marto , a fine spanish sword manufacturer located in Toledo , Spain , presents the historically accurate display version of the Jacob I , "Lion of Scotland" claymore sword. Overall Length: 57" Sword Weight: 6 1/4 pounds Blade: Tempered Stainless Steel - 24K Gold etched -Double Edged Handle: 24 karat gold and silver plated hilt with wood grain handle adorned with silver and gold ornaments front and back. Rated: Fine Historical Display Sword $580.99 each Sale Price $379.95 Claymore Swords The Scottish William Wallace Sword by Marto of Toledo Spain Sir William Wallace, one of Scotland's outstanding national heroes, had a price placed on his head by the English for killing one of their own. Refusing to accept the treaty signed by the Scottish nobles in 1297 by which Scotland submitted to English rule. William Wallace captured several fortresses and inflicted a severe defeat on the English forces in September of 1297, after which he was proclaimed Regent. In 1298 King Edward I invaded Scotland and defeated Wallace's army, forcing him to flee to France. When Wallace later returned to his native Scotland, he was captured, tried for treason and executed.They can take away our lives, but they will never rob us of our Freedom. In 1314, Scottish patriots, starving and outnumbered, attacked the fields of Bannockburn. They fought like warrior poets. They fought like Scots. And they won their freedom forever. This two handed Scottish William Wallace Sword by Marto of Toledo Spain is just like the one used by Mel Gibson throughout the Braveheart� movie, and much like the one used by Sir William Wallace during the Middle Ages. Overall length: 52" Blade Material: Tempered Stainless Steel Handle Material: Zamak - Leather wrapped handgrip $432.99 each Sale $289.95 Richard the Lion Heart Sword by Marto of Toledo Spain 24 Kt Gold and Silver Plated Marto Item # 753 The Richard the Lion Heart Sword by Marto of Toledo Spain The traditional image of King Richard the Lionheart , the second Plantagenet King of England , has come to us through the centuries as a glorious crusader and knight. Captured by the Austrian Emperor Leopold, he was later rescued by the young trouvador Blondel , who discovered Richard when singing a famous ballad. King Richard was called "Lionheart" at the beginning of the Third Crusade , when King Phillip of France was compared with a lamb and Richard with a lion. King Richard the Lionheart convinced his officers in Winchester , around a round table , of having belonged to Kin


A turbine is essentially a what, driven by water or gas, etc?

Turbine | Define Turbine at Dictionary.com turbine [tur-bin, -bahyn] /ˈtɜr bɪn, -baɪn/ Spell noun 1. any of various machines having a rotor, usually with vanes or blades, driven by the pressure, momentum, or reactive thrust of a moving fluid, as steam, water, hot gases, or air, either occurring in the form of free jets or as a fluid passing through and entirely filling a housing around the rotor. Expand 1815-1825 1815-25; < French < Latin turbin-, stem of turbō something that spins, e.g., top, spindle, whirlwind; akin to turbid Dictionary.com Unabridged Examples from the Web for turbine Expand Contemporary Examples Unfortunately for Crist, it will likely take a turbine engine to generate enough wind in his flagging sails to overtake Rubio. Steam Turbines Hubert E. Collins Every throb of the turbine engines was a thrust toward home. Love Stories Mary Roberts Rinehart Are they after some more of dad's inventions because they didn't get his turbine motor? One form of the steam-engine that is coming into general use is the turbine. Physics Willis Eugene Tower British Dictionary definitions for turbine Expand noun 1. any of various types of machine in which the kinetic energy of a moving fluid is converted into mechanical energy by causing a bladed rotor to rotate. The moving fluid may be water, steam, air, or combustion products of a fuel See also reaction turbine , impulse turbine , gas turbine Word Origin C19: from French, from Latin turbō whirlwind, from turbāre to throw into confusion Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for turbine Expand n. 1838, from French turbine, from Latin turbinem (nominative turbo) "spinning top, eddy, whirlwind," related to turba "turmoil, crowd" (see turbid ). Originally applied to a wheel spinning on a vertical axis, driven by falling water. Turbo in reference to gas turbine engines is attested from 1904. Turbocharger is from 1934. Aeronautic turboprop is attested from 1945, with second element short for propeller. Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper


What is the ancient process by which materials such as metal or glass are heated and then cooled slowly to ease forces produced by shaping?

��ࡱ�>�� ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3 ����jbjb^^ �Uh<h<�|u������l�������drrrr�"l��r�`vv�������RTTTTTT,U u ��u�������< ����v< < < �"����R< 6<6�����R< j< � ��� Z �d��rr "� � ���� � < � � < ��  Metals They're Everywhere!          A MAST Module  Materials Science and Technology  1995 Acknowledgements  The authors would like to thank the following people for their advice and support in the development of this module: Dr. Jennifer Lewis Director of the Materials Science Workshop Dr. James Adams Assistant Director Dr. Bob Bohl University of Illinois Advisor Authors: David Duncklee Waukon High School, Waukon, IA James Gibson Pinckneyville Community High School, Pinckneyville, IL Bernard Hermanson Sumner Community High School, Sumner, IA Carolyn Lucas Yorktown High School, Yorktown, IN Ron Morrison Paxton-Buckley-Loda High School, Paxton, IL Patricia B. Strawbridge Portage High School, Portage, IN Ray Zumstein Tremont High School, Tremont, IL Phil Jaros University of Illinois, Urbana, IL       Foreword  This module is intended as a curriculum supplement for high school science teachers who would like to introduce their students to concepts in Materials Science and Technology. Teachers are urged to use one, some, or all of the MAST modules. Some teachers may wish to implement this module in its entirety as a subject unit in a course. Others may wish to utilize only part of the module, perhaps a laboratory experiment. We encourage teachers to use these materials in their classrooms and to contact the workshop with any assessments, comments, or suggestions they may have.  This is one in a series of MAST modules developed and revised during the Materials Technology Workshop held at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign during 1993-95. A combination of university professors, high school science teachers, and undergraduates worked together to create and revise this module over a three year period. Financial support for the Materials Technology Workshop was provided primarily by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Education and Human Resource Directorate (Grant #ESI 92-53386). Other contributors include the NSF Center for Advanced Cement Based Materials, the Dow


Number Types | Purplemath Number Types Purplemath Numbers are classified according to type. The first type of number is the first type you ever learned about: the counting, or "natural" numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ... The next type is the "whole" numbers, which are the natural numbers together with zero: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ... (The number zero, spread from India by north-African scholars, was originally viewed by European authorities as being demonic.) Content Continues Below Then come the "integers", which are zero, the natural numbers, and the negatives of the naturals: ..., –6, –5, –4, –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ... The next type of number is the "rational", or fractional, numbers, which are technically regarded as ratios (divisions) of integers. In other words, a fraction is formed by dividing one integer by another integer. Note that each new type of number contains the previous type within it. The wholes are just the naturals with zero thrown in. The integers are just the wholes with the negatives thrown in. And the fractions are just the integers with all their divisions thrown in. (Remember that you can turn any integer into a fraction by putting it over the number 1. For example, the integer 4 is also the fraction .) Affiliate Once you've learned about fractions, there is another major classification of numbers: the ones that can't be written as fractions. Remember that fractions (also known as rational numbers) can be written as terminating (ending) or repeating decimals; for example, 0.5 = and 0.76 = , are terminating decimals, while 0.333333.... = and 0.538461538461... = are repeating decimals. On the other hand, we have all those other numbers that can be written as non-repeating, non-terminating decimals; these number are non-rational (that is, they cannot be written as fractions), so they are called the "irrationals". Examples would be ("the square root of two") or the number ("3.14159...", from geometry). The rationals and the irrationals are two totally separate number types; there is no overlap. Advertisement Putting these two major classifications, the rationals and the irrationals, together in one set gives you the "real" numbers. Unless you have dealt with complex numbers (the numbers with an "i" in them, such as 4 – 3i), then every number you have ever seen has been a "real" number. "But why", you ask, "are they called 'real' numbers? Are there 'pretend' numbers?" Well, yes, actually there are, though they're actually called "imaginary" numbers; they are what is used to make the complex numbers, and "imaginary" is what the "i" stands for. Affiliate WyzAnt Tutoring The commonest question I hear regarding number types is something along the lines of "Is a real number irrational, or is an irrational number real, or neither... or both?" Unless you know about complexes, everything you've ever done has used real numbers. Unless the number has an "i" in it, it's a real. Here are some typical number-type questions (assuming that you haven't yet learned about imaginaries and complexes): True or False: An integer is also a rational number. Since any integer can be formatted as a fraction by putting it over 1, then this statement is true. True or False: A rational number is also an integer. Not necessarily; the integer 4 is also the rational number but, for instance, the rational number is not also a integer. So this statement is false. True or False: A number is either a rational number or an irrational number, but not both. True! In decimal form, a number is either non-terminating and non-repeating (so it's an irrational) or else it's not (so it's a rational); there is no overlap between these two number types! Content Continues Below Classify according to number type; some numbers may be of more than one type. 0.45 This is a terminating decimal, so it can be written as a fraction: . Since this fraction does not reduce to a whole number, then it's not an integer or a natural. And everything is a real, so the answer is: rational, real 3.14159265358979323846264338327950288419716939937510... You probably


What widely used solvent and compound with the symbol (CH3)2CO smells of pear-drops and is in nail polish remover?

PharmLabs February 20, 2015 - 09:24 PM PST 1-Butanol n-Butanol occurs naturally as a minor product of the fermentation of sugars and other carbohydrates, and is present in many foods and beverages. It is also a permitted artificial flavorant in the United States, used in butter, cream, fruit, rum, whiskey, ice cream and ices, candy, baked goods and cordials. It is also used in a wide range of consumer products. 1-Propanol Propanol, technically known as 1-Propanol, is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH. This colorless liquid is also known as propan-1-ol, 1-propyl alcohol,n-propyl alcohol, and n-propanol. It is an isomer of isopropanol (2-propanol, isopropyl alcohol). It is formed naturally in small amounts during many fermentation processes and used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry mainly for resins and cellulose esters. 2-Butanone Butanone, also known as methyl ethyl ketone or MEK, is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)CH2CH3. This colorless liquid ketone has a sharp, sweet odor reminiscent of butterscotch and acetone. It is produced industrially on a large scale, and also occurs in trace amounts in nature. It is soluble in water and is commonly used as an industrial solvent 2-Propanol (Isopropanol, Isopropyl alcohol) Isopropyl alcohol (IUPAC name 2-propanol) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C3H8O or C3H7OH or CH3CHOHCH3. It is a colorless, flammablechemical compound with a strong odor. It is the simplest example of a secondary alcohol, where the alcohol carbon atom is attached to two other carbon atoms sometimes shown as (CH3)2CHOH. It is a structural isomer of propanol. Isopropyl alcohol is denatured for certain uses 4-Methyl-2-pentanone Methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)2CHCH2C(O)CH3. This colourless liquid, a ketone, is widely used as a solvent. Anisole Anisole, or methoxybenzene, is an organic compound with the formula CH3OC6H5. It is a colorless liquid with a smell reminiscent of anise seed, and in fact many of its derivatives are found in natural and artificial fragrances. The compound is mainly made synthetically and is a precursor to other synthetic compounds. Ethanol Commonly referred to simply as alcohol or spirits, ethanol /ˈɛθənɒl/ is also called ethyl alcohol, and drinking alcohol. It is the principal type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages, produced by the fermentation of sugars by yeasts. It is a neurotoxic psychoactive drug and one of the oldest recreational drugs used by humans. It can cause alcohol intoxication when consumed in sufficient quantity. Ethanol is used as a solvent, an antiseptic, a fuel and the active fluid in modern (post-mercury)thermometers (since it has a low freezing point) . It is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid with a strong chemical odor. Its structural formula CH Ethyl acetate Ethyl acetate (systematically, ethyl ethanoate, commonly abbreviated EtOAc or EA) is the organic compound with the formula CH3-COO-CH2-CH3. This colorless liquid has a characteristic sweet smell (similar to pear drops) and is used in glues, nail polish removers, decaffeinating tea and coffee, and cigarettes (see list of additives in cigarettes). Ethyl acetate is the ester of ethanol and acetic acid; it is manufactured on a large scale for use as a solvent. The combined annual production in 1985 of Japan, North America, and Europe was about 400,000 tons. In 2004, an estimated 1.3M tons were produced worldwide Isobutyl acetate The chemical compound isobutyl acetate, also known as 2-methylpropyl ethanoate (IUPAC name) or β-methylpropyl acetate, is a common solvent. It is produced from the esterification of isobutanol with acetic acid. It is used as a solvent for lacquer and nitrocellulose. Like many esters it has a fruity or floral smell at low concentrations and occurs naturally in raspberries, pears and other plants. At higher concentrations the odor can be unpleasant and may cause symptoms of central nervous system depression such as nausea, dizziness and headache. Isopropylbenzene Cumene is the common nam


According to a global study of wind power in 2005 what extent of the world's total energy usage could be satisfied if all viable wind power locations were exploited?

Energy Ministers | International Energy Forum International Energy Forum Global Energy Security Through Dialogue Knowledge Generation Through Dialogue 20 Years of Success for the IEF H.E. Ali Al-Naimi, Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia May 2014 It is more than 20 years since the first tentative steps were taken towards the creation of the International Energy Forum (IEF). Today, the membership of the IEF covers all six continents and accounts for around 90 percent of global supply and demand for oil and gas. The Forum is unique in that it comprises ... [ More ] 20 Years of Success for the IEF H.E. Ali Al-Naimi, Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia It is more than 20 years since the first tentative steps were taken towards the creation of the International Energy Forum (IEF) . Today, the membership of the IEF covers all six continents and accounts for around 90 percent of global supply and demand for oil and gas. The Forum is unique in that it comprises not only consuming and producing countries of the IEA and OPEC , but also transit states and major players outside of their memberships, including Argentina, China, India,Mexico, Oman, South Africa and – this year’s host – Russia.  The relationship between consumers and producers has come a long way since that first producer/consumer meeting in Paris, July 1991,as mistrust and suspicion have gradually been replaced by transparency and dialogue. The IEF has grown in strength and scope over the past 20 years, and has played an essential role in the face of numerous energy,economic and geopolitical challenges. The theme of this 2014 event is “The New Geography of Energy and the Future of Global Energy Security.” Certainly, the geography of energy is ever-changing – with new sources of energy coming on stream, technological innovation increasing and global energy markets becoming ever more complex.  For its part, the IEF is becoming a key source of information and insights for governments around the world, providing an open forum for governments, officials, energy industry executives and other experts to engage in a dialogue. Unique Role: The IEF is currently the only organisation with such global representation addressing oil and gas issues. Other organisations discuss the same issues, but only the IEF is bringing together members from diverse countries. As such, it is more likely to deliver the type of intelligence and engagement that add value for member countries. The IEF’s neutrality is certainly a valuable currency. IEF events are never interpreted as promoting the agenda of a particular country, group of countries or interests. This neutrality can be leveraged to obtain much better understanding of current energy issues. As the energy market’s focus shifts to the Pacific Basin, the IEF is also uniquely positioned to facilitate an energy dialogue among the countries of the region as well as an inter-regional dialogue. Neither the IEA nor OPEC has the membership – nor the mandate – to accomplish this in a neutral way. The IEF’s position should advance the objective of obtaining a better understanding of the region’s energy dynamics and, in turn, help promote energy security. The IEF has already started to deliver new value by generating useful insights from roundtables, seminars, workshops, symposia and ministerial meetings, which help to map the international energy conversation and identify key issues affecting oil and gas market developments. The IEF is an ideal ground for testing new ideas and exploring the possible impacts of new energy developments in a fast, cost effective way, with feedback from a broad stakeholder base. The development of the Joint Oil Data Initiative has been a particularly important step. JODI relies on the combined efforts of producing and consuming countries and other partner organisations to build timely, comprehensive and sustainable energy data. By helping to mitigate some of the uncertainties of global energy markets, JODI aims to help moderate undue price volatility, ther


A photovoltaic module is more commonly known as what?

Solar Photovoltaic Technology Basics | Department of Energy Home » Renewable Energy » Solar » Solar Photovoltaic Technology Basics Solar Photovoltaic Technology Basics Text Version Photovoltaic (PV) materials and devices convert sunlight into electrical energy. A single PV device is known as a cell. An individual PV cell is usually small, typically producing about 1 or 2 watts of power. To boost the power output of PV cells, they are connected together in chains to form larger units known as modules or panels. Modules can be used individually, or several can be connected to form arrays. One or more arrays is then connected to the electrical grid as part of a complete PV system. Because of this modular structure, PV systems can be built to meet almost any electric power need, small or large. The largest PV systems in the country are located in California and produce power for utilities to distribute to their customers. The Solar Star PV power station produces 579 megawatts of electricity, while the Topaz Solar Farm and Desert Sunlight Solar Farm each produce 550 megawatts. Photovoltaic Solar Cells  Commonly known as solar cells, individual PV cells are electricity-producing devices made of different semiconductor materials. PV cells come in many sizes and shapes, from smaller than a postage stamp to several inches across. Solar cells are often less than the thickness of four human hairs. In order to withstand the outdoors for many years, cells are sandwiched between protective materials in a combination of glass and/or plastics to make a PV module.  Learn more about solar cells . Photovoltaic Solar Energy Systems  PV modules and arrays are just one part of a PV system. Systems also include mounting structures that point panels toward the sun, along with the components that take the direct-current (DC) electricity produced by modules and convert it to the alternating-current (AC) electricity used to power all of the appliances in your home.


Sulphur/sulfur dioxide and (various) nitrogen oxides are the main contributory factors in what unhelpful environmental effect?

Sulphur/sulfur dioxide and (various) nitrogen oxi... - Brainly.in This Is a Certified Answer × Certified answers contain reliable, trustworthy information vouched for by a hand-picked team of experts. Brainly has millions of high quality answers, all of them carefully moderated by our most trusted community members, but certified answers are the finest of the finest. Acid rain...........