What name is given to the notoriously steep railway gradient south of Birmingham between Barnt Green and Bromsgrove?

Home Home       This article was prompted by the gift of two  4mm scale Great Northern Railway Single Driver locomotive models from  Ron Brooks, my completion and painting of them and visits to  Gloucestershire in 2010 by two full sized replicas of locomotives that  could be considered their ancestors: George and Robert Stephenson's Rainhill Prize winning "Rocket" at Norchard on the Dean Forest Railway  and Daniel Gooch's Broad Gauge "Iron Duke" at Toddington on the  Gloucestershire and Warwickshire Steam Railway.       Given that the steam locomotive evolved from the  stationary beam engine, it would be natural to assume that the  reciprocating pistons of a railway train's motive power would be applied  to wheels on just one axle.  However, the railways on which the earliest  British locomotives worked were designed to carry coal and other heavy freight  steadily rather than passengers at high speed.  As a result,  designers such as Richard Trevithick (Pen-Y-Darren 1804) John Blenkinsop  and Matthew Murray (Middleton Railway 1812) and William Hedley (Wylam on  Tyne 1814) maximised torque applied to the rails via systems of reducing  gears and  relatively small flanged locomotive wheels. George Stephenson's four wheeled Killingworth  Colliery locomotives of 1814 onwards had vertical cylinders acting on  each axle, as did "Locomotion No 1" of the Stockton and Darlington  Railway in 1825 ( pictured above) although in the latter case the two  independently powered pairs of wheels were linked by coupling rods rather than  a chain drive.  Despite being designed for a railway intended to  move freight however, on the opening day of the Stockton and Darlington  on 25 September 1825 "Locomotion" hauled twelve wagon loads of coal and  twenty one wagons of passengers at speeds of up to 12 mph, prompting  George Stephenson to remark: "You will live  to see the day when railways will supersede almost all other methods of  conveyance, when it will be cheaper for a working man to travel on a  railway than walk on foot.  I know there are great and almost unsurmountable difficulties to be encountered; but what I have said will  come to pass as sure as you live." Indeed,  the success of the Stockton and Darlington Railway inspired the  construction of the World's first inter-city line between Liverpool and  Manchester.  Before this opened in 1830 however, the directors - still uncertain of whether to use locomotive or  stationary engine haulage - announced competitive trials to be held at  Rainhill, near Liverpool, in 1829.       Apart from John Brandreth's "Cyclopede" - powered by a horse on a  treadmill - the steam locomotives "Rocket" - promoted by George and  Robert Stephenson -  William Braithwaite and John Ericsson's "Novelty", Timothy  Hackworth's "Sans Pareil", and Timothy Burstall's late arriving "Perserverance" competing for the ï¿½ 500 prize all had to comply with Condition II which  stated: The engine, if it weighs Six Tons, must be capable of  drawing after it, day by day, on a well constructed Railway, on a level  plane, a Train of Carriages of the gross weight of Twenty Tons,  including the Tender and Water Tank, at a rate of Ten Miles per Hour,  with a pressure of steam in the boiler not exceeding Fifty Pounds on the  square inch.       Beginning with a fairly modest 13 1/2 mph on the  first day,  "Rocket" covered the two mile  track twenty times with a load 13 tons at an average speed of 15 mph  on the second day of the Trials before reaching a maximum light-engine speed of 35mph once its victory  had been confirmed. Like "Sans Pareil", "Rocket" applied the power of its pistons direct to cranks attached to  one pair of its four wheels. However, while Timothy Hackworth's machine  had all four wheels made the same size and coupled by eccentric rods the  pistons on "Rocket" applied to just one axle whose wheels were  considerably larger than the other free-turning pair.  Famously  too, "Rocket" featured the new multi-tu


What two colours are used on semaphore flags?

Semaphore This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website Semaphore Flag books mentioning semaphore:  [ edm02 ] [ pmp5X ] External links: A  photo showing an Australian warship using the red/yellow OSCAR flag reported by Ned Smith, 01 Aug 2003 A  photo of a commercial US river vessel using plain red flags  for semaphore reported by Ned Smith, 01 Aug 2003 About semaphore “Flag language”, or “semaphore” — a convention to convey (latin) letters by means of two flaglets, held in each hand, and several positions of both arms. This is not a “language”, of course, rather an “alphabet” (the same way Morse or Braille are alphabets — they’re actually cyphers). António Martins, 27 Jul 2003 and 07 May 2005 As a noun the word "semaphore" (from the Greek "σημια", "sign", and "φορος", "bearing") is the name given to the system of sending messages by holding the arms, two poles or two flags in certain positons according to an alphabetic code, or a mechanical device for signalling in the same way. As a verb it means «to signal in by these means». The person who does the “semaphoring” is a signaller. Christopher Southworth, 27 Jul 2003 Nautical signal and semaphore flags, storm flags , I suggest, are a special sort of occasional flag Bill Dunning, 29 Aug 2003 There is no symbolism on these semaphore “flags”, which may be a colored paddle. Albert Kirsch, 31 Aug 2003 The actual flags used were (and are) entirely irrelevant to the system. Christopher Southworth, 27 Jul 2003 What gives semaphore flags content is not their design at all, but rather their position! A signalman without flags could still just wave his arms and get his message across; the “flags” just add visibility. Albert Kirsch, 29 Aug 2003 Flags used in semaphore Question: What colour flag should I use for semaphore  signalling. Answer: The design is irrelevant. Dean McGee, 28 Jul 2003 Did the Armies of the various countries in Europe and the USA use different and distinctive patterns for the semaphore flags of their artillery corps? At the Suffolk Regimental Museum in Bury-St Edmunds, in Britain, former colleague of mine was shown a flag picked up by a member of the regiment on the battlefield of Paardeberg (Feb 17 to Feb 27 1900 - Anglo-Boer War): It was a square red flag with a white square at the centre. At the Artillwry section of the War Museum of the Boer Republics in Bloemfontein, South Africa, former capital of the Orange Free state Republic, the curator identified it as a semaphore flag of the OFS State Artillery. He also told me that the same design was the used by the British Royal Artillery . He had another semaphore flag, white with a narrow blue cross, in his collection which was used for semaphore signalling by the ZAR ( Transvaal ) State Artillery. This was apparently the pattern used by the German Army ’s artillery corps. Andre Burgers, 04 Apr 2005 US Army used red with a white rectangle (when signaling with a light colored background behind the sender) or white with a red rectangle (when the background was dark). US Navy uses (still) the ICS OSCAR flag , divided diagonally yellow and red. I seem to recall that the [British] Royal Navy once used a horizontally triband, either white-blue-white or blue-white-blue depending on background, but may be mistaken. Joe McMillan, 01 Jul 2003 In the South African Navy and, I believe the British Royal Navy and possibly also throughout NATO , the semaphore signal flags were square Flags OSCAR , presumably because the red and yellow diagonal design had high visibility at sea. Andre Burgers, 28 Jul 2003 I had seen the red/white US Army flags in the 1917 Nat’l Geo [ gmc17 ]. And I remembered seeing a badge from a Canadian Forces signal unit that included crossed blue/white flags. I found a couple of examples like this site in Canadian , Australian , and British Army units. The symbol is a white-blue-white triband crossed with a plain blue flag. And this site seems to show the plain blue flag in use in the Zulu war, 1879 (but the pic is small: it may be a regimental flag or some s


During World War Two, Operation Upkeep was the codename given by the Allies to the trials and testing of which weapon?

Sir Barnes Wallis - Bombs Wallisï¿½s Bombs - Big and Bouncy On the day that World War II broke out, Barnes Wallis asked himself what he, as an engineer and aircraft designer, could do to shorten the war. Over the next six years, he worked on a variety of aircraft and weapons, and while the magnitude of his contribution is impossible to measure in isolation, shorten it he surely did. The goals he set himself were often regarded as far-fetched, yet his tenacity saw them through development, and the quality of his engineering was demonstrated again and again as his special weapons performed exactly as he predicted. Even before World War II had begun, the Air Ministry and various individuals were investigating possible bombing targets within Germany. However, most targets were effectively protected by dispersal, that is that they covered a wide area and it was thus difficult to destroy them completely (and as late as 1941, less than 10% of bombs were falling within 5 miles of their targets, although numerous navigation aids and bombsights were introduced which improved matters considerably as the war progressed). Wallis focussed his thinking on destroying targets which could not be dispersed - "highly localised stores of energy in the form of coal, oil and water power", especially dams, and in particular the great dams of the Ruhr area (the Mï¿½hne, Sorpe, Eder and several others). These targets were particularly attractive for several reasons: they could not be moved, and their location was known great damage would be caused by the flow of water when the dam was broken massive flooding would be caused to mines, steelworks and other industries by the released water the loss of water would disrupt steel production and hydro-electric generation, as well as causing problems with supplies for canals and drinking However, the dams were so massive that the armaments of the time (mostly 500lb bombs and (from 1940) 1000lb general-purpose bombs) would simply not touch them. Wallis's main concept developed for these targets was the "big bomb", a ten-ton weapon to be carried by a six-engined "Victory bomber" - dropped from 40,000ft, the bomb would penetrate deep into the ground, and the shock wave caused by the huge explosion would act like an earthquake and simply shake the target to pieces (and a direct hit was not necessary). However, at the time of his proposal (finalised in a report in March 1941), the RAF had only just begun using 4-engined bombers (most of their bombers had only 2 engines), and the idea of carrying a ten-ton bomb up to 40,000ft seemed like pure fantasy, so his proposals for the bomber and the bomb were quickly rejected by the Air Ministry (despite Wallis' excellent credentials as an aircraft engineer). Meanwhile, ongoing experiments on the amount of explosives needed to break a dam wall (mostly performed without Wallis's direct involvement) had found that while significant quantities (30,000lbs - 14 tons) were needed if the explosion was tens of feet away from the dam, as little as 6,500lbs (under 3 tons) would be sufficient if the explosion took place in contact with the wall. Several 1/50th models and a disused dam at Nant-y-Gro in Wales were destroyed in arriving at this conclusion. Upkeep and Highball - the "bouncing bombs" Early in 1942, Wallis had the idea of "a missile" which would be dropped upstream of a dam, ricochet over the water in a series of bounces, and hit the dam - this offered two significant advantages: it would jump over anti-torpedo nets placed ahead of the dam wall, and would sink right up against the dam (the perfect location, as revealed by the earlier tests). Some initial tests led him to develop a spherical bomb, and full-scale test drops of this design began at Chesil Beach in September 1942 using a modified Wellington bomber. Persuaded by Wallis and films of the test drops, officials gave the go-ahead for further tests which led to the development of two separate variants of the "bouncing bomb" idea - a large version (codenamed Upkeep) to be carried by the new Lancaster for use again


Which Australian tennis player twice partnered Britain’s John Lloyd to win the mixed doubles at Wimbledon/

History - 1970s - The Championships, Wimbledon 2017 - Official Site by IBM  READ MORE 1970: Margaret Court v Billie Jean King: Margaret Court and Billie Jean King contested one of the great Wimbledon finals in 1970. As veteran commentator John Barrett has said, "It produced one of the most dramatic finals ever seen at Wimbledon." The fact it was televised in colour rather than black and white added to the spectacle while also underlining the changing times of a sport that only two years earlier had turned professional. 1970: John Newcombe v Ken Rosewall: John Newcombe defeated his Australian countryman Ken Rosewall and a partisan crowd 5-7, 6-3, 6-2, 3-6, 6-1 to win the men’s singles for a second time. From the start the elegant Rosewall, the underdog, had the Centre Court crowd behind for everyone hoped that this, his third appearance in a final, would be his year having previously been the gallant runner-up in 1954 and 1956. The 16-year gap set a record-breaking span between his first and this year’s final, one that was so appreciated by the crowd that it led Newcombe to ask ‘why do they hate me?’ With a nine-year age gap between the two, it was always going to be difficult for the 35-year-old Rosewall to outlast the younger former champion and his play proved patchy as Newcombe exploited his weaknesses with his power and guile to level and take a two-sets-to-one lead. Rosewall recovered in the fourth, helped by Newcombe’s brief loss of concentration and the clear favouritism being shown to the older player, but regained his composure to inflict a quick coup de grace over his tiring compatriot in the fifth. 1971: Evonne Goolagong v Margaret Court: The highlight of the Ladies’ singles was the final clash between Margaret Court and Evonne Goolagong, an all-Australian encounter, which will be perceived as the end of one era and the start of another. Goolagong, at 19, had captured the tennis world’s hearts on her second appearance at The Championships with her breezy, easy-going style and sunny smile, which contrasted greatly with the quiet and dignified defending champion Court. While the Aussie teenager arrived in the final having taken out the previous year’s runner-up, Billie Jean King, in three sets, no one expected her to also get the better of the big-hitting defending champion. The die was cast from the opening exchanges as Court surprisingly, showed more nerves than her challenger who immediately raced to a 4-0 lead with ultimate ease. However, Court drew on her experience and clawed her way back to 3-4 but in the eighth game, with Goolagong 15-40 down, she was unable to capitalise and level as the teenager struck three searing winners to completely deflate the champion. Goolagong showed no anxiety in her free-flowing shots to claim six successive games and take the title 6-4 6-1 to become only the fourth teenager to win the women’s singles since the war. 1971: Ken Rosewall: Classic or epic matches are measured by the numbers watching a struggle to the death and the Ken Rosewall v Cliff Ritchie clash at the quarter-final stage of the 1971 Championships falls firmly into that category. Australia’s Rosewall and Ritchie of the US battled it out for 3hrs 59mins before Rosewall captured the semi-final place at stake, 6-8, 5-7, 6-4, 9-7, 7-5, recovering from two sets down and trailing 2-4 and 0-30 in the third. As the scoreline suggests, Richie the hustler from America, had the match well in hand but failed to maintain his supremacy as Rosewall’s doggedness started to pay dividends. From a near hopeless position, Rosewall levelled and went on to score an excellent victory with one of his trademark backhands, passing an attacking Ritchie attempting to stave off a fifth match point. While the victory was popular, the crowd rose in appreciation to acclaim both protagonists’ efforts. 1972: Stan Smith v Ilie Nastase Rain, the first of the fortnight, washed out Saturday play and for the first time in the history of The Championships, the men’s final was played out on the Sunday to the dismay of traditionalists. Stan Smith, th


Which Christian name is the criminal slang for a safe?

Victorian London - Words and Expressions - Criminal Slang Victorian London - Words and Expressions - Criminal Slang      'Well,  Bill Bolter, here you are at last,' cried the new-comer. 'If you hadn't sent me that message t'other day by the area-sneak 1 what got his discharge out of Coldbath Jug 2 , I should ha'come all the same. I remembered that you was sentenced to six months on it; and I'd calkilated days and weeks right enough.'     'Sit down, Dick, and blow a cloud. Wot news since I see you last?'     'None. You know that Cranky Jem is nabbed. He and the Resurrection Man did a pannie 3 up Soho way. They got off safe with the swag; and the Resurrection Man went on to the Mint. Jem took to the Old House in Chick Lane 4 and let me in for my reglars 5. But after a week or ten days the Resurrection Man nosed 6 upon him, and will turn King's Evidence afore the beaks. So Jem was handed over to the dubsman 7 and this time he'll get lagged for life.'     'In course he will. He has been twice to the floating academy. 8 There ain't no chance this time.'     'But as for business,' said Dick Flairer, ' my gropus is empty. I have but one bob left in my cly 9 and that we'll spend in brandy. My mawleys 10 is reg'larly itching for a job.'     'Someot must be done - and that soon too,' returned Bill Bolter. 'By-the-bye, s'pose we try that crib which we meant to crack four years ago, when you got nabbed the next mornin' for fakin' a blowen's flag from her nutty arm? 11'     'You mean Markham's up between Kentish Town and Lower Holloway?' said Dick.     'The same. Don't you recollect - we settled it all the night we threw that young fellow down the trap in Chick Lane? Dick - what the deuce is a matter with you?'     'Two months ago I was up Hackney way, expecting to do business with Tom the Cracksman 12 which didn't come off; for Tom had been at the boozing-ken 13 all the night before, and had blowed his hand up in a lark with some davy's-dust 14. Well, I was coming home again, sulky at the affair breaking down, when as I got to Cambridge-Heath-gate, I heerd the gallopin of horses ...' 1. A thief who sneaks down areas to see what he can steal in kitchens. 2. Prison 3. Burglary. 5. West-street, Smithfield. 5. Gave him a share. 6. Informer 7. Turnkey. 8. The Hulks. 9. Waistcoat-pocket. 10. Hands. 11. Stealing a lady's reticule from her pretty arm. 12. The Burglar 13. Public-house 14. Gunpowder [nb. these explanations are given as footnotes in the 1890, and presumably in the original, ed.]  ... I never lie to a pal 1 Bill - and that you knows well enough. I seed that young man as plain as I can see you; I fell against a post in the footpath; but I took another good look. There he was - the same face - the same dress - everything the same! I couldn't be mistaken, I swear to it.'     'And would you tell this story to the parish-prig 2 if so be as you was going to Tuck-up Fair 3 tomorrow morning?' demanded Bill.     'I would by G-d!!' cried Dick solemnly.     There was a long pause. Even the woman seemed impressed by the positive manner in which the man told his tale. 'Well - come, this won't do!' ejaculated Dick. 'Ghost or no ghost, we can't afford to be honest.'     'No - we must be up to someot,' returned Bill. 'But about that Markham's place?'     'The old fellow died a few months ago,' said Dick; 'the eldest son run away; and that brought about the father's death. As for the young'un, he was grabbed this afternoon for smashing queer screens. 4'     'The devil he was! Well, there ain't no good to be done in that quarter, then? Do you know any other spekilation?'     'Tom the Cracksman and me was going to do a pannie by Clapton, that time when he blowed his hand nearly off, larking with the benculls 5. I don't see why it shouldn't be done now. A young swell - fond of horses and dogs - lives quiet - never no company scarecly - but plenty of tin.'     'That'll do,' observed the woman, approvingly.     'Must we speak to the Cracksman first?' demanded Bill.     'Yes - fair play's a jewel. I don't believe the Resurrection Man would ever have


Which carpet company’s advertising jingle proudly announced “This is luxury you can afford”?

Preview of 2011: the anniversaries - Telegraph Preview of the Year Preview of 2011: the anniversaries The Berlin wall went up 50 years ago, the year Diana, Princess of Wales was  born, and it’s the centenary of the launch of the Titanic. Christopher Howse  considers the milestones of the year ahead .   Princess Diana in 1997 Photo: REX   Lord Fiske, chairman of the Decimal Currency Board, shopping at Woolworths, London Photo: HULTON GETTY Christopher Howse JANUARY 1 Basil Dearden, Ealing film director, born 1911 (died 1971). The Blue Lamp (1950); Victim (1961). 3 Siege of Sidney Street, off the Commercial Road in Stepney, in the East End of London, 1911. Following the shooting dead of three policemen in a raid on a jeweller’s by Latvians on December 16, some of the robbers on the run barricaded themselves in 100 Sidney Street where they were besieged by armed police and a detachment of Scots Guards, called in by Winston Churchill, the Home Secretary, who arrived to see the action. After a fire, the bodies of William Sokolow and Fritz Svaars were discovered there. 3 The millionth Morris Minor produced, 1961. 4 Bill Sowerbutts, nurseryman and broadcaster, born 1911 (died 1990). Appeared in How does your Garden Grow, 1947-51, and its successor. Gardeners’ Question Time, 1951-83. Related Articles 8 Francis Bourgeois, founder of Dulwich Picture Gallery, died 1811 (born 1756). 8 Gordon Lonsdale, leader of the Portland spy-ring collecting naval secrets, arrested 1961. 10 Dashiell Hammet, author of The Maltese Falcon and other hard-boiled detective novels, died 1961 (born 1894). 17 Blessed Joseph Vaz, the “Apostle of Ceylon”, died 1711 (born Goa, 1651). 17 Francis Galton, eugenicist, (born 1822) died 1911. Convinced that a galaxy of genius could be produced if “a 20th part of the cost and pains were spent in measures for the improvement of the human race that is spent on the improvement of the breed of horses and cattle”. 20 John F Kennedy sworn in as President of the United States, aged 43, 1961. 26 Robert Scott born 1811 (died 1887). One half of the duo behind Liddell and Scott’s Greek Lexicon (see February 6). Master of Balliol 1854, thwarting the reforming schemes of Benjamin Jowett. Appointed Dean of Rochester by Gladstone, 1870, to allow Jowett into the mastership. 26 Charles Dilke (born 1843) died 1911. In Gladstone’s second administration, set up a royal commission on the housing of the working classes in 1884, its members including the Prince of Wales, Cardinal Manning, and Lord Salisbury. In 1885 accused by his brother’s wife’s sister (with whose mother he had carried on an affair) of seducing her. Dilke failed to persuade a jury that this was false. 29 Angela Thirkell, novelist, died 1961 (born 1890). 30 John Fergusson, Scottish colourist painter, died 1961 (born 1874). 30 Roy Eldridge, American jazz trumpeter, born 1911 (died 1989). 30 Christina Foyle, bookseller, born 1911 (died 1999). Started Foyle’s literary luncheons, 1930, attending 662 of the 664 held in her liftetime. Refused to allow cash-registers in the shop in Charing Cross Road, where there was low pay and no inventory of stock. FEBRUARY 1 Arthur Henry Hallam, the subject of Tennyson’s In Memoriam, born 1811 (died 1833). 3 Sarah Kane, playwright, born 1971 (died 1999). Blasted, Royal Court, 1995. Hanged herself while depressed. 4 Lucius Septimius Severus, Roman Emperor, died at York, 211, after four years conducting military campaigns against Northerners. Succeeded by Caracalla (died 217), jointly with Geta his brother, until he murdered him in December 211. 5 Jussi Björling, opera tenor, born, Dalama, Sweden, 1911 (died 1960). 6 Henry Liddell born 1811 (died 1898). Dean of Christ Church, Oxford (1855-91), for whose daughter, Alice, Charles Dodgson wrote Alice in Wonderland in 1862. Edited with Robert Scott a Greek Lexicon first published in 1843, with the eighth edition revised by Liddell in 1897. 6 Ronald Reagan, 40th President of the United States, born 1911 (died 2004). During his film career, played George “The Gipper” Gipp in Knute Rockne, All A


Capnomancy is an attempt to foretell future events by studying the patterns made by what?

divination - fortune telling - The Skeptic's Dictionary - Skepdic.com cephalomancy or cepthaleonomancy (divination by a donkey's head) ceromancy (by the melting of wax) chalcomancy (by vessels of brass or other metal) cleidomancy (divination by interpreting the movements of a key suspended by a thread     from the nail of the third finger on a young virgin's hand while one of the Psalms was     recited) coscinomancy (divination by a balanced sieve) cromniomancy (divination by onions) crystallomancy (by crystals) dactylomancy (divination by means of rings put on the fingernails or the number of     whorls and loops on the fingers) daphnomancy (divination using the laurel branch: how did it crackle when burned?) extispicy (divination by examining entrails) fractomancy (interpreting the structures of fractal geometric     patterns) gastromancy (by the sound of or marks on the belly) gyromancy (divination by walking around a circle of letters until     dizzy and one falls down on the letters or in the direction to take) haruspicy (inspecting the entrails of slaughtered animals) hepatoscopy or hepatomancy (divination by examining the liver of     sacrificed animals)  hydromancy (divination by examining what certain things do in water or when taken out of     water, such as coffee grounds or tea leaves); hydatoscopy (if rainwater is used);     pegomancy (if spring-water is used) kapnomancy (by smoke) katoptromancy (by looking0glasses) kephalonomancy (burning carbon on the head of an ass while reciting     the names of suspected criminals; if you're guilty, a crackling sound     will be heard when your name is spoken) koskinomancy (by sieves) krithomancy (by corn or grain) lampadomancy (interpreting the movements of the flame of a lamp) libanomancy or knissomancy (interpreting the smoke of incense) lithomancy (divination using precious stones) lecanomancy (dropping precious stones into water and listening for whistles) logarithmancy macharomancy (by knives and swords) margaritomancy (divination by the pearl: if it jumps in the pot when a person is named,     then he is the thief!) metoposcopy (interpreting frontal wrinkles) molybdomancy (divination by melted lead: interpreting its noises and hisses when dropped     into water) myrmomancy (divination by watching ants eating) necromancy (communicating with spirits of the dead to predict the future) oinomancy (divination by wine) omphalomancy (interpretation of the belly button) oneiromancy (interpretation of dreams) onychomancy (interpreting the reflection of sun rays off fingernails) ornithomancy or orniscopy (interpreting the flights of birds) ovomancy or oomancy or ooscopy (breaking eggs into a container of     water and interpreting the shape of the egg white) papyromancy (divination by folding paper) podomancy (by the feet) psychometry (divination by touching objects) pyromancy or pyroscopy (divination by fire) rhabdomancy (using the divining rod or magic wand) rhapsodmancy (divination by a line in a sacred book that strikes the     eye when the book is opened after the diviner prays, meditates or     invokes the help of spirits) rumpology (divination    by the lines on the buttocks)


In literature, where did the cows Aimless, Feckless, Graceless and Pointless live?

Cold Comfort Farm (Literature) - TV Tropes Cold Comfort Farm You need to login to do this. Get Known if you don't have an account Share "There'll be no butter in hell!" "We are not like other folk, maybe, but there have always been Starkadders at Cold Comfort..." A comic novel by Stella Gibbons, first published in 1932, which parodies the doom-laden rural novels of the time. The immediate inspiration for, and targets of, Gibbons's satire were the novels of Mary Webb and Sheila Kaye-Smith (which deserve it... try one), but she also pokes fun at more redoubtable figures such as D.H. Lawrence, Thomas Hardy and the Brontës. At the same time she has a good laugh at Vogue-reading London socialites, while mocking the genre in which a young orphan girl brings joy and happiness to the lives of all around her. Jane Austen is the novel's presiding spirit, and Mansfield Park provides the epigraph: 'Let other pens dwell on guilt and misery.' The plot is simple: Orphaned at 19, Flora Poste decides to go and live with her relatives and improve their lives rather than find a job. She settles on the Starkadders at Cold Comfort Farm, since, according to the novels of rural life she has read, their lives will certainly need tidying up. Arriving at the farm she finds it even more chaotic than she had feared, and the inhabitants more uncouth than she could have imagined. They include: The ancient hired man Adam Lambsbreath and his four cows: Aimless, Feckless, Graceless and Pointless, who are continually losing horns, hooves and even legs. Amos who runs the farm: a fire-and-brimstone preacher at the local chapel. Judith, his wife, who has a sexual fixation on her son .... ... Seth, the smouldering bad boy, who spends his nights 'mollocking' with the village girls but would rather be at the cinema. Elfine, the free spirit who spends her days wandering around in the hills and fields. Reuben, whose only passion is the farm itself. The furtive Urk, who wants Elfine for himself. And presiding over the lot, the matriarch Aunt Doom, who never leaves her bedroom, who threatens to go mad if any of her family should leave the farm, and who once 'saw something nasty in the woodshed.' Needless to say, Flora rolls up her sleeves and gets to work, finding each of the main characters a more suitable outlet for their energies and obsessions, while fending off the libidinous Hampstead intellectual Mybug (quite possibly modelled on DH Lawrence) who has designs upon her virtue. A film adaptation was released in 1995, directed by John Schlesinger, with a script by Sir Malcolm Bradbury, and starring Kate Beckinsale as Flora, with Joanna Lumley , Eileen Atkins, Rufus Sewell, and Ian McKellen also heading the cast. Being a parody, Cold Comfort Farm is naturally rich in tropes. They include: Abhorrent Admirer : Mr. Mybug to Flora. She is not taken with his opinions on sexuality or attempts to "prove" that the Brontes' novels were written by their brother. Urk to Elfine: "My little water-vole! My little water-vole!" All Psychology Is Freudian : The Austrian doctor who Flora calls in to take Judith as a patient. Justified, given the time period.


Seymour is the family name of which English duke?

Margery Seymour (Wentworth), Lady Seymour (1478 - 1550) - Genealogy Margery Seymour About Lady Margery Seymour (Wentworth) Margery Wentworth ( Not to be confused with the American poet Marjory Wentworth. ) Margery Wentworth, also known as Margaret Wentworth (c. 1478[1] – 18 October 1550[2]) was the wife of Sir John Seymour and the mother of Queen Jane Seymour, the third wife of Henry VIII of England. She was the grandmother of King Edward VI of England. Margery was born in about 1478, the daughter of Sir Henry Wentworth and Anne Say, daughter of Sir John Say and Elizabeth Cheney.[1][3] Margery's first cousins, courtiers Elizabeth and Edmund Howard, were parents to an earlier and later royal wife than her daughter: Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, respectively.[4][5] Elizabeth Cheney's first husband was Frederick Tylney, father of Elizabeth Tilney, Countess of Surrey.[3] This made Anne Say although not of peerage-level nobility herself, the half-sister of a countess.[6] Wentworth was also a descendant of King Edward III, this remote royal ancestry is partly why Henry VIII found Jane Seymour (her daughter) marriageable.[7] Margery's father, Henry Wentworth, rose to be a critical component of Yorkshire and Suffolk politics: in 1489, during the Yorkshire uprising against Henry VII who had championed unity and married the female main claimant heir of increasingly irrelevant, dying dynasty, he left his home and was named the steward of Knaresborough, earning him the privilege to keep the peace in the name of the first Earl of Surrey. After this, he was awarded the title of the Sheriff of Yorkshire.[6] The name Seymour comes from the Old English word "sae," which translates into sea, and "mere," meaning lake or pond. In the Anglo-Saxon community, "Seymour" originated in the Yorkshire, Norfolk, and Suffolk regions.[citation needed] The Seymours were descendants of a companion of William the Conqueror, who took his name from St. Maur-sur-Loire in Touraine, and who was an ancestor of William de St. Maur.[1] She was given a place in the household of her aunt, the Countess of Surrey, where she met the poet John Skelton, whose muse she became.[3] She was considered a great beauty by Skelton and others. In poetry dedicated to her he praised her demeanor. Skelton's poem, Garland of Laurel, in which ten women in addition to the Countess weave a crown of laurel for Skelton himself, portrays Margery as a shy, kind girl, and compares her to primrose and columbine. The other nine women from the poem are: Elizabeth Howard, Muriel Howard, Lady Anne Dacre of the South, Margaret Tynley, Jane Blenner-Haiset, Isabel Pennell, Margaret Hussey, Gertrude Statham, and Isabel Knyght.[6] On October 22, 1494, Margery married Sir John Seymour (1476 – 21 December 1536)[8] of Wulfhall, Savernake Forest, Wiltshire.[9] On the same day, her father Henry remarried Lady Elizabeth Scrope.[6] Margery and her husband had nine children together:[9][10] Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset, Lord Protector of Edward VI (c. 1500[11]/1506[1] – 22 Jan 1552)[12] married firstly Catherine, daughter of Sir William Filliol[1] and secondly Anne, daughter of Sir Edward Stanhope.[1] Sir Henry Seymour (1503 – 1578) married Barbara, daughter of Morgan Wolfe[13] Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley (c. 1508 – 20 March 1549) married Catherine Parr, widow of Henry VIII.[14][15] John Seymour (died young)[16] Anthony Seymour (died c. 1528)[17][18] Jane Seymour, (c. 1509 – 24 October 1537). queen Consort of Henry VIII and the mother of Edward VI.[9][19] Elizabeth Seymour (c. 1518[20] – 19 Mar 1568[21]), married firstly Sir Anthony Ughtred. Married secondly Gregory Cromwell, 1st Baron Cromwell. Her third husband was John Paulet, 2nd Marquess of Winchester.[22] Margery Seymour (died c. 1528)[17][18] Dorothy Seymour[16] married firstly, Sir Clement Smith (c. 1507 – 26 August 1552) of Little Baddow, Essex[23][24] and secondly, Thomas Leventhorpe of Shingle Hall,[25] Hertfordshire.[16][26] It is presumed that Margery and John had a good relationship in their marriage.[9] After her


Besides Sandy Lyle, which other European golfer won a first ever major in 1985?

Lyle, Sandy Feb 09, 1958 Sandy Lyle For a destination like the World Golf Hall of Fame, a glittering resume is a must. But resumes can’t tell the full story of a player’s impact. This is especially true in the case of Alexander Walter Barr Lyle, known to the golfing world as Sandy. While his resume shines with victories at the Open Championship, THE PLAYERS Championship and the Masters Tournament, the historical significance of those wins and the affect Lyle had on his contemporaries is even more impressive. When author Robert Philip was helping Lyle write his autobiography, “To The Fairway Born,” Philip approached Seve Ballesteros about writing the forward to the book. When asked about just how great Lyle was at his peak, the Spanish legend replied, “The greatest God-given talent in history. If everyone in the world was playing their best, Sandy would win and I’d come second.” “But my name could be in the 'tumbler' to be drawn out. I don't know how it is decided. It is all down to the committee and what they want from their captain.” It’s the kind of compliment that transcends a resume. And Ballesteros was qualified to give it, considering how often he and Lyle did battle on the course in the 1970s and 80s. Ballesteros and Lyle will be forever linked as leaders of a resurgence of European golf in the 1980s. After decades of Palmer, Nicklaus and Watson dominating on the world stage, Europe made a comeback led by Lyle, Ballesteros, Sir Nick Faldo, Bernhard Langer and Ian Woosnam. The press dubbed them the “Big Five.” It was apparent early on that Lyle would be a star. He was born in Shrewsbury, England, and spent his early years at Hawkstone Park Golf Club, following his father Alex who was the head pro. By the time Lyle won the 1975 English Amateur Stroke Play Championship at 17, he was considered a prodigy. He racked up several other amateur victories before turning pro in 1977. In 1979, Lyle broke through with his first three of what would be 18 European Tour victories. He cruised to the top of the Tour, winning the Order of Merit. He proved it wasn’t a fluke when he kept that title in 1980. FACT Lyle has been appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE). Lyle went from resume-builder to history-maker in 1985. But to fully grasp the events of that year, it’s important to go back to the Open Championship in 1969. That Open, held at Royal Lytham & St. Annes, was won by British star Tony Jacklin. At the 18th hole, Jacklin joyously tossed his ball into the gallery, where it was nearly caught by an 11-year-old Sandy Lyle. Sixteen years later at Royal St George’s in 1985, Jacklin remained the last Brit to win the nation’s most beloved golf event. Lyle started the day three shots back behind Langer and David Graham. But a wonderful rally on the back nine, including a 45-foot birdie putt on No. 14, carried him to a two-shot win over Payne Stewart. Britain was jubilant. The celebration continued at the 1985 Ryder Cup. Going into the event, the United States was an incredible 21-3-1 against Great Britain. (Europe was added in 1979, to no avail. The U.S. Team won in 1979, 1981 and 1983.) But with the help of the newly minted Open champion, the Ryder Cup returned to Europe. Lyle pulled a similar double in 1987. This time, he became the first international player to capture another golf jewel, THE PLAYERS Championship. And he was once again part of the winning Ryder Cup side, as Great Britain and Europe’s first victory on U.S. soil turned that competition into a true rivalry. The momentum carried into 1988. No Briton had ever won the Masters, but in the final round, Lyle found himself on top of the leaderboard. A shaky back nine saw him fall into a tie with Mark Calcavecchia going into the difficult 18th hole. A par likely meant a playoff. Birdie would win it. Lyle hit 1-iron trying to play it safe, but carried it into the left fairway bunker. With about 150 yards to the pin and the suffocating pressure of the Green Jacket hanging over his head, Lyle couldn’t see the flag, so he aimed at a cloud above the green. His


Containing the bright star Capella, which constellation is known as “The Charioteer”?

Auriga - definition of Auriga by The Free Dictionary Auriga - definition of Auriga by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Auriga Also found in: Thesaurus , Encyclopedia , Wikipedia . Au·ri·ga  (ô-rī′gə) n. A constellation in the Northern Hemisphere near Lynx and Perseus that contains the bright star Capella, which is 42 light years from Earth. Also called Charioteer. [Latin aurīga, charioteer, Auriga; see ōs- in the Appendix of Indo-European roots.] Auriga (ɔːˈraɪɡə) n, Latin genitive Aurigae (ɔːˈraɪdʒiː) (Astronomy) a conspicuous constellation in the N hemisphere between the Great Bear and Orion, at the edge of the Milky Way. It contains the first magnitude star Capella and the supergiant eclipsing binary star Epsilon Aurigae [Latin: charioteer]


Meaning “cluster of eight” in the local language, what did the Ellice Islands change their name to upon gaining independence?

CIA - The World Factbook -- Field Listing - Background Afghanistan Afghanistan's recent history is a story of war and civil unrest. The Soviet Union invaded in 1979, but was forced to withdraw 10 years later by anti-Communist mujahidin forces. The Communist regime in Kabul collapsed in 1992. Fighting that subsequently erupted among the various mujahidin factions eventually helped to spawn the Taliban, a hardline Pakistani-sponsored movement that fought to end the warlordism and civil war which gripped the country. The Taliban seized Kabul in 1996 and were able to capture most of the country outside of Northern Alliance srongholds primarily in the northeast. Following the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks, a US, Allied, and Northern Alliance military action toppled the Taliban for sheltering Osama BIN LADIN. In late 2001, a conference in Bonn, Germany, established a process for political reconstruction that ultimately resulted in the adoption of a new constitution and presidential elections in 2004. On 9 October 2004, Hamid KARZAI became the first democratically elected president of Afghanistan. National Assembly elections are tentatively scheduled for spring 2005. Akrotiri By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovreignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers in total: Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The southernmost and smallest of these is the Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Western Sovereign Base Area. Albania Between 1990 and 1992 Albania ended 46 years of xenophobic Communist rule and established a multiparty democracy. The transition has proven difficult as successive governments have tried to deal with high unemployment, widespread corruption, a dilapidated infrastructure, powerful organized crime networks with links to high government officials, and disruptive political opponents. International observers judged parliamentary elections in 2001 to be acceptable and a step toward democratic development, but identified serious deficiencies. Some of these were addressed through reforms in the Albanian electoral code prior to the nationwide municipal elections in 2003. Algeria After more than a century of rule by France, Algerians fought through much of the 1950s to achieve independence in 1962. Algeria's primary political party, the National Liberation Front (FLN), has dominated politics ever since. Many Algerians in the subsequent generation were not satisified, however, and moved to counter the FLN's centrality in Algerian politics. The surprising first round success of the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) in the December 1991 balloting spurred the Algerian army to intervene and postpone the second round of elections to prevent what the secular elite feared would be an extremist-led government from assuming power. The army began a crack down on the FIS that spurred FIS supporters to begin attacking government targets. The government later allowed elections featuring pro-government and moderate religious-based parties, but did not appease the activists who progressively widened their attacks. The fighting escalated into an insurgency, which saw intense fighting between 1992-1998 and which resulted in over 100,000 deaths - many attributed to indiscriminate massacres of villagers by extremists. The government gained the upper hand by the late-1990s and FIS's armed wing, the Islamic Salvation Army, disbanded in January 2000. However, small numbers of armed militants persist in confronting government forces and conducting ambushes and occasional attacks on villages. The army placed Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA in the presidency in 1999 in a fraudulent election but claimed neutrality in his 2004 landslide reelection victory. A number of longstanding problems continue to face BOUTEFLIKA in his second term, including the ethnic minority Berbers' ongoing autonomy campaign, large-scale unemployment, a shortage of housing, unreliable electrical and water supplies, government inefficiencies and corruption, and the


Which American instrumental group had top 20 hit singles in the 60’s with “Perfidia” and “Walk Don’t Run”?

The Ventures | New Music And Songs | The Ventures About The Ventures Not the first but definitely the most popular rock instrumental combo, the Ventures scored several hit singles during the 1960s -- most notably "Walk-Don't Run" and "Hawaii Five-O" -- but made their name in the growing album market, covering hits of the day and organizing thematically linked LPs. Almost 40 Ventures' albums charted, and 17 hit the Top 40. And though the group's popularity in America virtually disappeared by the 1970s, their enormous contribution to pop culture was far from over; the Ventures soon became one of the most popular world-wide groups, with dozens of albums recorded especially for the Japanese and European markets. They toured continually throughout the 1970s and '80s -- influencing Japanese pop music of the time more than they had American music during the '60s. The Ventures' origins lie in a Tacoma, Washington group called the Impacts. Around 1959, construction workers and hobby guitarists Bob Bogle and Don Wilson formed the group, gigging around Washington state and Idaho with various rhythm sections as backup. They recorded a demo tape, but after it was rejected by the Liberty Records subsidiary Dolton, the duo founded their own label, Blue Horizon. They released one vocal single ("Cookies and Coke"), then recruited bassist Nokie Edwards and drummer Skip Moore and decided to instead become an instrumental group. The Ventures went into the studio in 1959 with an idea for a new single they had first heard on Chet Atkins' Hi Fi in Focus LP. Released on Blue Horizon in 1960, the single "Walk-Don't Run" became a big local hit after being aired as a news lead-in on a Seattle radio station (thanks to a friend with connections). In an ironic twist, Dolton Records came calling and licensed the single for national distribution; by summer 1960, it had risen to number two in the charts, behind only "It's Now or Never" by Elvis Presley. After Howie Johnson replaced Moore on drums, the Ventures began recording their debut album, unsurprisingly titled after their hit single. Two singles, "Perfidia" and "Ram-Bunk-Shush," hit the Top 40 during 1960-61, but the Ventures soon began capitalizing on what became a trademark: releasing LPs which featured songs very loosely arranged around a theme implied in the title. The group's fourth LP, The Colorful Ventures, included "Yellow Jacket," "Red Top," "Orange Fire" and no less than three tracks featuring the word "blue" in the title. The Ventures put their indelible stamp on each style of '60s music they covered, and they covered many -- twist, country, pop, spy music, psychedelic, swamp, garage, TV themes. (In the '70s, the band moved on to funk, disco, reggae, soft rock and Latin music.) The Ventures' lineup changed slightly during 1962. Howie Johnson left the band, to be replaced by session man Mel Taylor; also, Nokie Edwards took over lead guitar with Bob Bogle switching to bass. One of the few LPs not arranged around a theme became their best-selling; 1963's The Ventures Play Telstar, The Lonely Bull featured a cover of the number one instrumental hit by the British studio band the Tornadoes and produced by Joe Meek. Though their cover of "Telstar" didn't even chart, the album hit the Top Ten and became the group's first of three gold records. A re-write of their signature song -- entitled "Walk-Don't Run '64" -- reached number eight that year. By the mid-'60s however, the Ventures appeared to be losing their touch. Considering the volatility of popular music during the time, it was quite forgivable that the group would lose their heads-up knowledge of current trends in the music industry to forecast which songs should be covered. The television theme "Hawaii Five-O" hit number four in 1969, but the Ventures slipped off the American charts for good in 1972. Instead, the band began looking abroad for attention and -- in Japan especially -- they found it with gusto. After leaving Dolton/Liberty and founding their own Tridex Records label, the Ventures began recording albums specifically for the


Which type of spaniel takes its name from a stately home in Nottinghamshire?

Clumber spaniel - definition of clumber spaniel by The Free Dictionary Clumber spaniel - definition of clumber spaniel by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/clumber+spaniel also clum·ber spaniel  (klŭm′bər) n. A dog of a breed developed in England, having a stocky body and a silky, predominantly white coat. [After Clumber Park, an estate in Nottinghamshire, a county of central England.] clumber spaniel n (Breeds) a type of thickset spaniel having a broad heavy head. Often shortened to: clumber [C19: named after Clumber, stately home of the Dukes of Newcastle where the breed was developed] clum′ber (or Clum′ber) span′iel (ˈklʌm bər) n. any of an English breed of short-legged, stocky spaniels having a thick white coat with lemon or orange markings, used esp. for retrieving game. [1880–85; after Clumber, an estate in Nottinghamshire, England, where bred] ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend: clumber spaniel - any of several breeds of small to medium-sized gun dogs with a long silky coat and long frilled ears Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: spaniel References in periodicals archive ? For me, there's nothing more relaxing than sitting in front of the fire with my dog - a white Clumber Spaniel called Fudge - beside me. My perfect weekend; TV chef James Martin, 39, on his average weekend - rushed off his feet and even falling asleep before his shift's finished Both Karen and Malcolm were under the strange delusion that Samoyeds weren't half as fab as the Clumber Spaniel. Copyright © 2003-2017 Farlex, Inc Disclaimer All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.


Which word can mean a deception of a small cliff?

Bluff | Define Bluff at Dictionary.com C17 (in the sense: nearly perpendicular): perhaps from Middle Dutch blaf broad Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for bluff Expand v. 1839, American English, poker term, perhaps from Dutch bluffen "to brag, boast," or verbluffen "to baffle, mislead." An identical word meant "blindfold, hoodwink" in 1670s, but the sense evolution and connection are unclear; OED calls it "one of the numerous cant terms ... which arose between the Restoration and the reign of Queen Anne." Extended or figurative sense by 1854. Related: Bluffed; bluffing . n. "broad, vertical cliff," 1680s, from bluff (adj.) "with a broad, flat front" (1620s), a sailors' word, probably from Dutch blaf "flat, broad." Apparently a North Sea nautical term for ships with flat vertical bows, later extended to landscape features. 1844 as an alternative name for poker; from bluff (v.). As "an act of bluffing" by 1864. Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper Slang definitions & phrases for bluff Expand


Which African animal has types called Kordofan, Nubian and Reticulated?

Reticulated Giraffe - Safari WestSafari West Reticulated Giraffe Species     G. camelopardalis Species status: Least Concern * Safari West has two sub-species of giraffe; Masai giraffe, G. c. tippelschircki and reticulated giraffe,G. c. reticulata. Key Facts Height:         14-20 ft (~4.3-6 m) Weight:        1800-3500 lb (~815-1590 kg) Physical Description Giraffe are the world’s tallest mammal. At birth calves are up to about 6.5 ft (2 m) tall and weigh 110-200 lb (50-90 kg). Both males and female have a spotted coat with varying patterns and colors depending on the sub-species. The pattern for an individual giraffe is constant throughout their life but the coat color may change depending on age and health. The giraffe’s incredibly long neck contains seven elongated vertebrae, the same number as in a human neck.  An adult will have on average an 18 in (45 cm) black to purple prehensile tongue that grasps prickly food from the very tops of trees. Being very tall animals, giraffe have incredibley high blood pressure, averaging 260/160, which aids in the circulation of blood. One-way valves and elastic blood vessels in the neck control blood pressure in the head when the giraffe is bent over, without these the giraffe would lose consciousness.  Giraffe have long, sturdy legs, with their front legs longer than their back legs, and horn structures, called ossicones. Female ossicones are thin and tufted; male giraffe ossicones are thick but the hair is often missing on the top due to sparring. Social Life Giraffe are social animals, but do not form stable, long term herds. Herds can include all female, all male, female with young calves, or mixed gender and usually contain 10-20 individuals, although herds of up to 70 have been observed. Individual giraffes join and leave the herd at will. Female giraffes, with their young, are often found together while immature males form bachelor herds, and then become more solitary as they mature. Adult male giraffes establish dominance by “necking”, when two giraffes stand next to each other and swing their heads at the other giraffe.  Giraffe feed and drink during the morning and evening and rest at night while standing up. Habitat and Range Giraffe inhabit arid, dry land with Acacia trees and are found in savannas, grasslands, or open woodlands. Because they only occasionally drink, giraffes can be found away from a water source. Giraffes have disappeared from most of western Africa, except a residual population in Niger and have been reintroduced in South Africa to game reserves. *Masai giraffe are found in Tanzania and Kenya in East Africa *Reticulated giraffe are found in Ethiopia and Somalia in North Africa Diet Giraffe are browsers that feed on leaves, flowers, seed pods, and fruit, with the majority of their diet composed of the leaves of the Acacia trees.  In areas where the savannah is salty or full of minerals, they eat soil as well. Giraffes browse by taking the branches in their mouths and pulling away their head to tear away the leaves. Female giraffe are more selective when feeding and choose foliage with the highest nutritional value. Lifespan In the wild giraffe live for 15-20 years and 25-30 years in captivity. Predators Adult giraffe are well able to defend themselves and thus have few predators. They run up to 35 mph (56 kph) and can deliver deadly blows with their hooves. Most predators, such as lions, crocodiles, leopards and hyenas target young, sick, or elderly giraffe. Reproduction Sexual maturity: Male, 4-5 years, Female: 3-4 years Mating Season: May to August Birth Season:    June to November, typically giving birth every 20-30 months Gestation:          400-468 days (13-15 months) No. of Young:     1 Conservation The IUCN Red List describes Giraffa camelopardalis as a species of Least Concern, with a total population of 80-100,000 individuals. Some sub-species in east and southern Africa remain stable but others in north and west Africa are declining and may well be threatened. Main threats to giraffe are habitat loss and poaching. There are believed to be nin


Who created the newspaper strip cartoon The Gambols?

Barry Appleby | Lambiek Comiclopedia Barry Appleby (30 August 1909 - 11 March 1996, UK)   Barry Appleby is best known as the artist of the newspaper strip 'The Gambols'. Coming from the West Midlands, he became a freelance contributor to boys' papers and trade papers after leaving school. He became sub-editor with the Daily Express alter on. For this paper, he created his family strip, which began publication on 16 March 1950. The strip's script was written by Barry's wife, Dobs, and largely based on their own lives. Barry Appleby has also drawn 'Skit and Skat'. Artwork © 1996 Barry Appleby


Which English football league club were once known as Pine Villa?

Premier League History, Origins & List of Past Champions Discover the origins and history of the top tier of English football The 2016/17 season marks the 25th of the Premier League after its formation in 1992.  After numerous discussions with football authorities, players and television broadcasters, the First Division clubs resigned from the Football League in May 1992 and the Premier League was formed with the inaugural campaign starting on Saturday 15 August of that year. Below, each of the 24 seasons has been charted with the story of how the titles were won and the players who starred. From 2011/12's incredible finale, to Arsenal's "Invincibles", as well as each of Manchester United's record 13 triumphs, find out more about the rich history of the Premier League. Season Reviews 1992/93 Manchester United In the opening season of 1992/93, 22 clubs competed in the competition, with Brian Deane of Sheffield United scoring the first goal in what was known at the time as the FA Premier League. The inaugural members of the Premier League were: Arsenal, Aston Villa, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, Coventry City, Crystal Palace, Everton, Ipswich Town, Leeds United, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, Middlesbrough, Norwich City, Nottingham Forest, Oldham Athletic, Queens Park Rangers, Sheffield Utd, Sheffield Wednesday, Southampton, Tottenham Hotspur, and Wimbledon. A total of 47 clubs have played in the Premier League since its inception, with Arsenal, Chelsea, Everton, Liverpool, Man Utd, and Spurs participating in every campaign to date. AFC Bournemouth are the latest team to play in the competition having been promoted to the top flight in 2015. At the end of each season, the bottom three clubs are relegated, with three promoted clubs from the Football League's Championship replacing them. The only exception to this was in the 1994/95 season when the League decided to reduce the number of clubs to 20. As a result, Crystal Palace joined Norwich, Leicester City and Ipswich in being relegated from the Premier League at the end of the 1994/95 season, with only two clubs replacing them from Division One, as the Championship was known then. Apart from the opening campaign in 1992/93, every season of the Premier League has had a title sponsor. From the 1993/94 season, England’s top flight was known as the FA Carling Premiership, before the sponsorship changed in 2001 to Barclaycard until 2004. The title of the competition then changed to the FA Barclays Premiership, with this being amended to Barclays Premier League ahead of the 2007/08 campaign. Season 2015/16 marked the final campaign of a title sponsor arrangement, with the competition name becoming Premier League from 2016/17. Manchester United were the first winners of the competition, finishing 10 points clear of Aston Villa, and have been PL champions on 13 occasions in total. Blackburn won the title once, in 1994/95, while Arsenal triumphed in 1997/98, 2001/02 and 2003/04. Chelsea became the fourth club to win the PL, in 2004/05, and have since gone on to claim the title three more times, 2005/06, 2009/10 and 2014/15. Man City have won the title twice, securing the trophy in dramatic fashion in 2011/12 with a goal in stoppage time of the final day, and again in 2013/14. Leicester are the latest and sixth club to win the Premier League, completing a remarkable title triumph a year after a successful battle against relegation. The most successful manager in the competition is Sir Alex Ferguson who has guided Manchester United to all their Premier League successes. He also holds the record for being the longest serving manager in the Premier League, spending 21 years there since its inception in 1992 before retiring at the end of the 2012/13 season. Ryan Giggs made 632 Premier League appearances for Manchester United, more than any other player Ryan Giggs participated in every title-winning year for Manchester United and the Welshman has also played the most matches in the Premier League, amassing 632 appearances. Former Newcastle United, Blackburn Rovers and Southa


In which 1986 film did John Cleese play a schoolteacher anxiously trying to get to Norwich?

Dec 20th 1986 by Radio Soundsfamiliar - issuu issuu Issuu on Google+ 20 December-2 January 1987 64p e wi/s Chearsoirms...! People and programmes on ITV and C4 TVTimes 247 Tottenham Court Road London W1P OAU © Independent Television Publications Ltd 1986 W elcome, welcome to Christmas and New Y ear, and to the good-fun days before and between, on ITV and C4. Torvill and Dean and all the superstars of the small screen await the pleasure of your company. A nd TV Times is at your service with a detailed guide to the huge variety of programmes that are scheduled for you on channels 3 and 4 during the holy days, holidays and happy days of the season. Y es, of course we wish you a very merry Christmas. . . and look forward to continuing to serve you throughout a very happy and prosperous New Y ear! Oracle subtitles 19 (Christmas) and 107 (New Year) Oracle index 35 Readers' letters 140 Crossword 103 Stars 148 Dear Katie 154 New Year treats in store 150 12-19 Two weeks of films Previewing all the big holiday films, including two Bond blockbusters, Eddie Murphy's Trading Places, Airplane II The Sequel, New Y ork, New Y ork and Disney's delightful Dumbo. 20-49 Christmas programmes Complete details for 20-26 December, including news of A Christmas Night of One Hundred Stars, plus Torvill and Dean, and the Duty Free team in a sunny special from Spain. 107-137 New Year programmes Full details for 27 December-2 January, with Twiggy playing The Little Matchgirl, Cliff Richard `popping' up with Elton John, and a new TV version of Anne of Green Gables. 142 and 152 £200,000 in prizes Win with our bumper new £200,000 'Winning Lines' contest, and buy a Rolls-Royce model and get another free (see page 142); save £200 on your next holiday, and take advantage of our great jewellery offer (page 152). Great reader events in this issue! TVTIMES 20 December-2 January 1987 /V ol 125 No 52/1 When the joker is Wilde... Oscar Wilde's flamboyant behaviour shocked Victorian England, and he poked witty fun at the double standards of that society in The Importance of Being Earnest. Aled goes a-carolling Art and music blend together when Carols for Christmas features paintings of Christmas from New Yorks Metropolitan Museum, along with musicians and singers, including boy treble Aled Jones (above). First shown last year, this traditional concert (Christmas Eve, C4) comes from St Edmundsbury Cathedral in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk. Earlier on Christmas Eve is A Child This Day (ITV), in which viewers meet Cardinal Basil Hume and youngsters from three Catholic Children's Society homes. The society, of which Cardinal Hume is the president, is celebrating its centenary. As Christmas Eve draws to a close, there's a W atchnight Service on ITV, and Christmas Day itself is celebrated with a Roman Catholic sung Mass in Christmas Morning Service, also on ITV. C4's production, with Gabrielle Drake (right), is on Christmas Day. When the play opened in 1895, there was nearly as much drama outside the theatre as on the stage. The Marquess of Queensberry, whose son had become involved with Wilde, arrived at the opening night with a bouquet of turnips and parsnips to hurl at the author. It took a police cordon to keep the angry aristocrat at bay. See page 87. The Queen's global village . Once, our monarch could only toy with her Christmas lunch because she was so nervous about making her formal speech live to the Commonwealth — an estimated audience of more than 120 million. Now, The Queen (Christmas Day, ITV) is recorded a few weeks ahead, so that she can enjoy a traditional meal with her family and watch the broadcast with them afterwards. The informality that brings all of us closer to royalty is also evident in The Queen and Her Ceremonial Horses (Boxing Day, C4). This gives a rare insight into the world of the horses in the Royal Mews and the people who look after them, as well as the Queen's personal involvement in its affairs. 'The Royal Mews is a village in itself,' says Her Majesty in the film. 'It's a community more than anything else: Rocker rolls in Little Richard


In the passing of a government bill, which stage follows the third reading?

Third reading (Commons) - UK Parliament Third reading (Commons) Bill starting in the House of Commons House of Commons Royal Assent Opportunity for final debate on the Bill Third reading is the final chance for the Commons to debate the contents of a Bill. It usually takes place immediately after report stage as the next item of business on the same day. What happens at third reading? Debate on the Bill is usually short, and limited to what is actually in the Bill, rather than, as at second reading, what might have been included. Amendments (proposals for change) cannot be made to a Bill at third reading in the Commons. At the end of the debate, the House decides (votes on) whether to approve the third reading of the Bill. What happens after third reading? If the Bill started in the Commons it goes to the House of Lords for its first reading. If the Bill started in the Lords it returns to the House of Lords for consideration of any amendments the Commons has made. This page requires the latest version of the Flash plugin and JavaScript to be enabled. You can download the latest version of Flash for free from adobe.com/go/getflashplayer


What name is given to the full moon after a Harvest Moon?

Full Moon Names and Their Meanings - Farmers' Almanac Email Address: Verify Email: Thank you! You're all set to receive updates from the us! To make sure you receive our emails properly, you may want to add newsletter@farmersalmanac.com to your email address book. You are here: Home » Full Moon Names and Their Meanings Full Moon Names and Their Meanings Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Add to Google+ Share on Pinterest Subscribe by Email Print This Post Full Moon names date back to Native Americans, of what is now the northern and eastern United States. The tribes kept track of the seasons by giving distinctive names to each recurring full Moon. Their names were applied to the entire month in which each occurred. There was some variation in the Moon names, but in general, the same ones were current throughout the Algonquin tribes from New England to Lake Superior. European settlers followed that custom and created some of their own names. Since the lunar month is only 29 days long on the average, the full Moon dates shift from year to year. Here is the Farmers Almanac’s list of the full Moon names. – Full Wolf Moon – January Amid the cold and deep snows of midwinter, the wolf packs howled hungrily outside Indian villages. Thus, the name for January’s full Moon. Sometimes it was also referred to as the Old Moon, or the Moon After Yule. Some called it the Full Snow Moon, but most tribes applied that name to the next Moon. – Full Snow Moon – February Since the heaviest snow usually falls during this month, native tribes of the north and east most often called February’s full Moon the Full Snow Moon. Some tribes also referred to this Moon as the Full Hunger Moon, since harsh weather conditions in their areas made hunting very difficult. – Full Worm Moon – March As the temperature begins to warm and the ground begins to thaw, earthworm casts appear, heralding the return of the robins. The more northern tribes knew this Moon as the Full Crow Moon, when the cawing of crows signaled the end of winter; or the Full Crust Moon, because the snow cover becomes crusted from thawing by day and freezing at night. The Full Sap Moon, marking the time of tapping maple trees, is another variation. To the settlers, it was also known as the Lenten Moon, and was considered to be the last full Moon of winter. – Full Pink Moon – April This name came from the herb moss pink, or wild ground phlox, which is one of the earliest widespread flowers of the spring. Other names for this month’s celestial body include the Full Sprouting Grass Moon, the Egg Moon, and among coastal tribes the Full Fish Moon, because this was the time that the shad swam upstream to spawn. – Full Flower Moon – May In most areas, flowers are abundant everywhere during this time. Thus, the name of this Moon. Other names include the Full Corn Planting Moon, or the Milk Moon. – Full Strawberry Moon – June This name was universal to every Algonquin tribe. However, in Europe they called it the Rose Moon. Also because the relatively short season for harvesting strawberries comes each year during the month of June . . . so the full Moon that occurs during that month was christened for the strawberry! – The Full Buck Moon – July July is normally the month when the new antlers of buck deer push out of their foreheads in coatings of velvety fur. It was also often called the Full Thunder Moon, for the reason that thunderstorms are most frequent during this time. Another name for this month’s Moon was the Full Hay Moon. – Full Sturgeon Moon – August The fishing tribes are given credit for the naming of this Moon, since sturgeon, a large fish of the Great Lakes and other major bodies of water, were most readily caught during this month. A few tribes knew it as the Full Red Moon because, as the Moon rises, it appears reddish through any sultry haze. It was also called the Green Corn Moon or Grain Moon. – Full Corn Moon or Full Harvest Moon – September This full moon’s name is attributed to Native Americans because it marked when corn was supposed to be harvested. Most often, the September


Working for the Los Angeles Tribune, who played Lou Grant in the TV series of the same name?

Lou Grant (TV Series 1977–1982) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error The trials of the former TV station manager, turned newspaper city editor, and his journalist staff. Creators: The paper is on the scene of a series of brush fires in the California Valley. Charlie, who is on the verge of separating from his wife, makes a last ditch effort to save his home from the fires as ... 9.0 When a well-liked teacher at a private school is accused of molesting a child in his class, Mrs. Pynchon feels that he is not getting a fair trial. 9.0 The unwilling Billie finds herself in the protective custody of a male chauvinist policeman because of what she knows in a grand jury case involving a popular game show host. Lou also learns about ... 9.0 Famous Directors: From Sundance to Prominence From Christopher Nolan to Quentin Tarantino and every Coen brother in between, many of today's most popular directors got their start at the Sundance Film Festival . Here's a list of some of the biggest names to go from Sundance to Hollywood prominence. a list of 30 titles created 01 Dec 2011 a list of 46 titles created 11 Jun 2012 a list of 35 titles created 06 Sep 2012 a list of 30 titles created 20 Dec 2013 a list of 35 titles created 17 Mar 2015 Search for " Lou Grant " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Title: Lou Grant (1977–1982) 7.3/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won     3     Golden Globes. Another    24 wins & 72 nominations. See more awards  » Photos The Korean War MASH unit veteran operates as Chief Surgeon in a major city hospital with his colleagues. Stars: Pernell Roberts, Brian Stokes Mitchell, Charles Siebert After spending several years in her young adult life in Minneapolis but with her brash Bronx Jewish upbringing in tow and with its associated sarcasm, artistically inclined Rhoda ... See full summary  » Stars: Valerie Harper, Julie Kavner, Lorenzo Music The lives and trials of a young single woman and her friends, both at work and at home. Stars: Mary Tyler Moore, Edward Asner, Gavin MacLeod The lives and work of the staff of an inner city police precinct. Stars: Daniel J. Travanti, Michael Warren, Bruce Weitz A veteran cop with more than 20 years of experience is teamed with a young Inspector to solve crimes in San Francisco. Stars: Karl Malden, Michael Douglas, Reuben Collins San Francisco Police Commissioner Stewart "Mac" McMillan and his amateur detective wife keep their marriage unpredictable while solving the city's most baffling crimes. Stars: Rock Hudson, John Schuck, Susan Saint James Two female police detectives cooperate with each other both in their professions and in their personal lives. Stars: Tyne Daly, Al Waxman, Martin Kove The lives and work of the staff of a major Los Angeles law firm. Stars: Corbin Bernsen, Jill Eikenberry, Alan Rachins The lives and work of the staff of St. Eligius Hospital, an old and disrespected Boston teaching hospital. Stars: Ed Begley Jr., William Daniels, Howie Mandel     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7/10 X   Sam McCloud is a Marshal from a Taos, New Mexico, who takes a temporary assignment in the New York City Police. His keen sense of detail and detecting subtle clues, learned from his experience, enable him to nab unsuspecting criminals despite his unbelieving boss. Stars: Dennis Weaver, J.D. Cannon, Terry Carter The cases of a coroner who investigates suspicious deaths that usually suggest murder. Stars: Jack Klugman, John S. Ragin, Robert Ito A bald, lollipop sucking police detective with a fiery righteous attitude battles crime in his city. Stars: Telly Savalas, Dan Frazer, Kevin Dobson Edit Storyline After everyone on the "Mary Tyler Moore Show" got fired, Lou Grant went to Los Angeles and became city editor of the L.A. Tribune, owned by Mrs. Pynchon, with who


What nationality was 16th century astrologer Nostradamus?

Nostradamus - The Skeptic's Dictionary - Skepdic.com z Nostradamus (1503-1566) Michel Nostradamus was a 16th-century French physician and astrologer . His modern followers see him as a prophet. His prophecies have a magical   quality for those who study them: They are muddled and obscure before the predicted event,   but become crystal clear after the event has occurred. Nostradamus wrote four-line verses (quatrains) in groups of 100 (centuries).   (Note: All quatrains below in modern French are translations from esoterism.com . The translator prefers to   remain anonymous.) Skeptics   consider the "prophecies" of Nostradamus to be mainly gibberish. For example: L'an mil neuf cens nonante neuf sept mois Du ciel viendra grand Roy deffrayeur Resusciter le grand Roy d'Angoumois. * Avant après Mars régner par bonheur. The year 1999 seven months From the sky will come the great King of Terror. To resuscitate the great king of the Mongols. Before and after Mars reigns by good luck.    (X.72) * Nobody, not even the most fanatical of Nostradamus's disciples, had a clue  what this passage might have meant before July 1999. However, after John F.  Kennedy Jr., his wife Carolyn Bessette and her sister Lauren Bessette, were  killed in a plane crash on July 18, 1999, the retroprophets shoehorned the event to the "prophecy." Here is just one example  culled from the Internet: Could the crash of John F. Kennedy Jr.'s airplane in July of 1999   fulfill the line "from the sky will come "the great King of   Terror"? Could the human fear of death and bodily injury be the   intended definition of "the great King of Terror"? It might be   possible! * "It might be possible"--now there is a precise bit of terminology. Other disciples were generous enough to think that Nostradamus was  referring to a solar eclipse that would occur on August 11, 1999. Others  feared a NASA space probe would come crashing down on earth. Some claim that Nostradamus predicted the Challenger space shuttle   disaster on January 28, 1986. Of course, they   didn't recognize that he had predicted it until it was too late. Here is the passage: D'humain troupeau neuf seront mis à part, De jugement & conseil separés: Leur sort sera divisé en départ, Kappa, Thita, Lambda mors bannis égarés. From the human flock nine will be sent away, Separated from judgment and counsel: Their fate will be sealed on departure Kappa, Thita, Lambda the banished dead err (I.81). Thiokol made the defective O-ring that is blamed for the disaster. The name has a 'k',   'th' and an 'l'. Never mind that there were seven who died,   not nine. The rest is vague enough to retrofit many different scenarios. True believers, such as Erika Cheetham (The Final Prophecies of   Nostradamus, 1989), believe that Nostradamus foresaw the invention   of bombs, rockets, submarines, and airplanes. He predicted the Great Fire of London (1666)   and the rise of Adolph Hitler and many other events. Skeptics cast doubt upon the interpretation of Nostradamus's   quatrains ( Randi   1993 ). Here is how James Randi and Cheetham read one of the more famous quatrains, allegedly   predicting the rise of Adolph Hitler to power in Germany: Bêtes farouches de faim fleuves tranner; Plus part du champ encore Hister sera, En caige de fer le grand sera treisner, Quand rien enfant de Germain observa. (II.24) Cheetham's version: Beasts wild with hunger will cross the rivers, The greater part of the battle will be against Hitler. He will cause great men to be dragged in a cage of iron, When the son of Germany obeys no law. Randi's version: Beasts mad with hunger will swim across rivers, Most of the army will be against the Lower Danube. The great one shall be dragged in an iron cage When the child brother will observe nothing. Neither translation seems to make much sense, but at least Randi's  recognizes that "Hister" refers to a geographical region, not a person. So  does "Germania," by the way; it refers to an ancient region of Europe, north  of the Danube and east of the Rhi


What is the main alcoholic ingredient of a Sidecar cocktail?

The Classic Sidecar Cocktail Recipe Strain into a chilled cocktail glass . Garnish with a lemon twist. A classic addition to the Sidecar, which was mentioned in recipes from the early 1930's, was to rim the glass with sugar . This is a nice contrast to the sour drink. If you would like to make this cocktail just a touch sweeter, try using the  Spanish brandy de Jerez . The History of the Sidecar As most origins of cocktails go, there are a few different stories about how the Sidecar came into being. One story, as told by David Embury in "The Fine Art of Mixing Drinks" (1948), says that it was developed in a Parisian bistro during World War I by a friend who rode up to a favorite bar in a motorcycle's sidecar. Which bar this was is left to speculation, but it is popularly thought to be Harry's New York Bar. Another claim to the Sidecar invention attributes Frank Meier who worked at the Paris Ritz Hotel. As Gary "Gaz" Regan pointed out in " The Joy of Mixology ," this was later disputed by a man named Bertin who worked at the Ritz after Meier. The next story moves to Buck's Club in London,  the supposed home of the French 75 as well. In his 1922 book, Harry's ABC of Mixing Cocktails, Harry MacElhone credits the drink to Pat MacGarry, one of the great bartenders of the day. This was backed up in Robert Vermeire's 1922 Cocktails and How to Mix Them. It should also be noted that MacElhone owned Harry's New York Bar and that he also credits Buck's Club for the French 75 in his book. While he was a popular bartender of the day, he was also very honest (it seems, anyway) and did not take credit himself for the drinks he's often credited with. Classic Sour Drinks Which theory is correct will remain a matter of debate and opinion. One thing that is agreed upon is that the Sidecar is a classic sour drink. Sours were quite popular during the golden age of cocktails in the early 1900's and were a simple mix of base spirit, sour (primarily lemon) and a touch of sweetness. Other great sour drinks came about at the same time. Among the greats are the Brandy Daisy , the Whiskey Sour , and the Margarita . How Strong is the Sidecar? Short drinks like the Sidecar are served 'short' because they pack a punch. They are made mostly of liquor and it's only natural to keep these potent drinks nice and small. With an 80-proof base liquor, the average Sidecar weighs in right around 26% ABV (52 proof) . This is in line with similar drinks like the  Martini  and  Manhattan . More Sidecar Cocktails The Sidecar has influenced many other cocktails and some are classics as well. Others are new creations and play off the popular sour base. Balalaika ( vodka instead of brandy)


What name is given to the treatment of cotton or linen to give it the appearance of silk?

Fabric & Textiles Glossary - Learn About Fabrics | Joel & Son Fabrics A Acetate A manufactured fiber formed by compound of cellulose, refined from cotton linters and/or wood pulp, and acidic acid that has been extruded through a spinneret and then hardened.    Acrylic A manufactured fiber derived from polyacrylonitrile. Its major properties include a soft, wool-like hand, machine washable and dryable, excellent color retention. Solution-dyed versions have excellent resistance to sunlight and chlorine degradation.     Alpaca A natural hair fiber obtained from the Alpaca sheep, a domesticated member of the llama family. The fiber is most commonly used in fabrics made into dresses, suits, coats, and sweaters.    Angora The hair of the Angora goat. Also known as Angora mohair. Angora may also apply to the fur of the Angora rabbit. However, according to the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, any apparel containing Angora rabbit hair must be labeled as "Angora rabbit hair" on the garment. Applique - decorative technique where fabric shapes are sewn or embroidered onto a base fabric.  B A knit or woven fabric made from a rough, curly, knotted boucle yarn. The fabric has a looped, knotted surface and is often used in suits and coats.     Broadcloth A plain weave tightly woven fabric, characterized by a slight ridge effect in one direction, usually the filling. The most common broadcloth is made from cotton or cotton/polyester blends.   Broderie Anglaise Literally - English embroidery. The name is given to a type of cotton fabric embroidered with a design to form a buttonhole stitch outline which is then cut away. Broderie Anglaise is embroidered with white cotton threads. If a coloured thread is used this is often called eyelet work     Burn-out A brocade-like pattern effect created on the fabric through the application of a chemical, instead of color, during the burn-out printing process. (Sulfuric acid, mixed into a colorless print paste, is the most common chemical used.) Many simulated eyelet effects can be created using this method. In these instances, the chemical destroys the fiber and creates a hole in the fabric in a specific design, where the chemical comes in contact with the fabric. The fabric is then over-printed with a simulated embroidery stitch to create the eyelet effect. However, burn-out effects can also be created on velvets made of blended fibers, in which the ground fabric is of one fiber like a polyester, and the pile may be of a cellulosic fiber like rayon or acetate. In this case, when the chemical is printed in a certain pattern, it destroys the pile in those areas where the chemical comes in contact with the fabric, but leave the ground fabric unharmed.  C Calico Similar to broadcloth, made of cotton or cotton/polyester and usually printed in small "country" design all-over with multi-colored floral patterns.   Cashmere A luxury fiber obtained from the soft fleecy undergrowth of the Kashmir goat of Tibet, Mongolia, China, Iran, Iraq, and India. Most commonly used in sweaters, shawls, suits, coats, and dresse   Canvas Medium to heavy weight cotton fabric woven closely in plain or twill with relatively large threads. Available in variety of colors, stripes and few printed designs. It is also referred as "duck" or "sailcloth". It has many uses.    A lightweight, soft plain weave fabric with a slightly brushed surface. The fabric is often printed, usually in a floral paisley or abstract pattern. Challis is most often seen in fabrics made of cotton, wool, or rayon.    Chantilly lace  French elaborate floral lace on hexagonal mesh ground outlined in heavy silk thread.  Usually made with black threads and in strips which are later stitched together with an 'invisible' stitch called racroc to give the illusion of a large, continuous piece of lace. Originated in Chantilly, France in the 17th century.   Chambray A plain woven fabric that can be made from cotton, silk, or manufactured fibers, but is most commonly cotton. It incorporates a colored warp (often blue) and white filling yarns. Charmeuse Satin silk weave w


Eliza Caird is the real name of which modern day pop singer?

Talking Shop: Eliza Doolittle - BBC News BBC News By Mark Savage BBC News entertainment reporter 13 July 2010 Close share panel Image caption Doolittle's real name is Eliza Sophie Caird Pop singer Eliza Doolittle scored her first ever top 20 single on Sunday with Pack Up, a lilting summer groove based around the music-hall tune Pack Up Your Troubles In Your Old Kit Bag. With a sunny disposition and a cor blimey accent, the 21-year-old sounds like her Pygmalion namesake covering the hits of Lily Allen. In reality, she comes from a prestigious theatrical background. Her father is RSC director John Caird, her mother is Les Mis star Frances Ruffelle, and her grandmother is Sylvia Young. But she took an early decision to quit the family business and pursue a career in pop, as she told the BBC. Hello, Eliza, how are you today? I'm in Ireland for the Oxegen festival and I seem to have lost all my crew, but I'm doing good! You're named after a character in a play, your parents live and breathe the theatre, so why are you slumming it in a muddy field singing pop songs? Image caption The singer co-wrote all the tracks on her debut album I did a little bit of theatre when I was younger. Small roles here and there. But I got bored of doing the same things eight times a week. I wanted every day to be a different day. What age were you when you started singing? I was always singing, whether it was in the car or at school plays. Then, when I was 12, I realised I was going to have to get a job of some kind, so I said, "well, I'll have to become a singer, then". And I just went for it straight away. I started writing and as soon as I had a few songs under my belt, I started gigging. How do you go about writing a song? I tend to write at the piano but usually the melody and the lyrics come first. Image caption Doolittle says she won't follow her mother into the Eurovision Song Contest Like, I'll be in the shower and I'll start singing and the melody and the lyric will just come out. Then I'll quickly try to finish the shower, try to remember it, record it on my phone and save it for the studio. Do you ever listen back to something you've recorded on your phone and think "what on earth is that?!" Oh, all the time! But it's good to get those ideas down - because one of them might be a smash hit, and you don't want to lose it. How did Pack Up come about? That was more studio-based because, at the time, I was in the studio nearly every day. There were ideas flying about all the time, so we just got cracking with that one. Where did you get the idea of sampling Pack Up Your Troubles? It's not actually a sample - it's my friend Lloyd singing! We just took the lyric from the old wartime song, and we changed the melody a little bit. We also changed the lyric from "smile, smile, smile" to "bury them beneath the sea". But I like that everyone thinks it's a sample. It gives it that old, retro kind of vibe. I'm not surprised people think it's a sample - he has a really authentic Louis Armstrong-type voice. Does he have his own band? He's a session singer. He went on tour with Take That and he does a lot of gospel stuff. He's got the best voice I've heard for a while. The video is sun-kissed and bleached out. Where did you film it? It was in Jamaica and, oh my God, the food was amazing! I'm vegetarian so I didn't have any jerk chicken or anything, but I did have some bean soup, and jerk vegetarian wraps and stuff. It was so yummy! Was it easy to get work done out there? The island has a reputation for being very relaxed. That's what I had heard, too, but it wasn't like that at all. Everyone was really on it. They were working hard, really fast. Now, what's this I hear about you being a big poker player? I love poker! I got into it through a couple of my friends who used to play tournament games for fivers. I'm not the best at it, to be honest. What's the biggest wipe-out you've had? Two hundred. Two hundred pounds? Yes... But that was the only time I'd ever been to a casino and it was really difficult. The buy-ins were like £1 every time, so it went


The Scottish coastal town of Stranraer stands at the head of which loch?

The Lodge, Cottages in Dumfries and Galloway | Scottish Cottages Dumfries & Galloway holiday guide About the local area Loch Ryan is a sea loch which acts as a natural harbour providing calm waters for the ferries operating between Scotland and Northern Ireland. A voyaging ferry ablaze with lights against a clear night time sky is a sight to behold! Stranraer is the largest settlement on the loch’s shores and the town is reached in just over a mile; a very pleasant walk along the loch side. For children Agnew Park has pedal boats, train rides, an adventure playground and crazy golf and thanks to its unique geographical position the area is touched by the warm breezes of the Gulf Stream, however if it does rain there is always the leisure pool! As one would expect from the gentle climate, this country has some beautiful, diverse and spectacularly stunning gardens on offer including, Logan Botanic Gardens, Castle Kennedy and Glenwhan gardens, all being within a short distance. With around 200 miles of amazing coastline on offer, the area boasts some stunning beaches and on many days the only footprints in the sand will be your own. The coastline north and south of Portpatrick is indented with secluded bays and beaches - Morroch Bay, Sandeel Bay, Lairds Bay and perhaps the loveliest of them all, Killantringan. Portpatrick is cradled at the foot of rocky cliffs and looks across 22 miles of the Irish Channel to Donaghdee. This is where the annual lifeboat week and the acclaimed folk festival is held. Just down the road from here is Port Logan where the BBC’s 2000 Acres of Sky was filmed. Stranraer is a great centre for the serious walker and it is skirted by the Southern Upland Way which runs 212 miles from Portpatrick in the west across the South of Scotland to Cockburnspath on the east coast. If you wish to venture a little further then head for the Galloway Hills where there is some seriously challenging walking to be had. The area is a haven for golfing enthusiasts with a plethora of excellent courses; 18 holes of golf at Creachmore, Glenluce or Dunskey at Portpatrick. Further east is a championship course at Southerness and you could spend a day in the area calling in at the Artisit’s Town of Kirkcudbright, The Granite Town of Dalbeattie and Scotland’s Book town at Wigtown. Let’s not forget the cycling enthusiasts too as the area has a good choice of world class cycling on offer with various venues offering the 7Stanes world acclaimed mountain biking experience. A really different experience would be to visit Logan Fish Pond, a fish larder for storing live sea fish within a natural rock formation on the shore. Recent additions to the original pond now include Touch Pools, Cave quarium and Gift Shop. On the rocks next to the Fish Pond is the Bathing Hut, now restored and open for viewing. Since early times the area’s proximity to Ireland has established close links with the Emerald Isle and why not take the fast ferry across the water and see for yourself   how green it is on the other side! Belfast has some excellent shopping on offer for a day of retail therapy. Scotland’s most southerly point is at the Mull of Galloway which unbelievably is further south than Hartlepool. On a clear day, Ireland, The Isle of Man and Cumbria are visible! Things to do nearby


In literature, who sped across the Atlantic in the SS Henrietta?

Around the World in 80 Days Literary Elements | GradeSaver Around the World in 80 Days Literary Elements Adventure Setting and Context Late 19th century London, with the journey across the world covering India, Hong Kong, Japan, and the United States. The British control much of the world at this time. Narrator and Point of View The book is narrated in third person omniscient, typically focusing on either Phileas Fogg or Passepartout as the protagonists. Tone and Mood The book has a fast-paced, urgent tone and mood, as Fogg and his party try desperately to make it around the world in 80 days to win the wager. Protagonist and Antagonist Phileas Fogg is the primary protagonist, and Detective Fix is the antagonist. Major Conflict The book's main conflict has to do with making it around the world in time to win the wager Fogg made with the Reform Club members. They must repeatedly reason their way out of various obstacles in their way. Another conflict emerges when Fogg is accused of robbing the Bank of England, and Detective Fix pursues him across the world to try to arrest him. Climax Though the novel has many small peaks, the main climax comes when they reach New York too late to catch the steamer to England, and Fogg commandeers a trade ship to take them across the Atlantic. Foreshadowing Repeated references to Passepartout's watch being set to London time foreshadow the ending, when they realize they have gained a day by traveling eastward and crossing the International Date Line. In Chapter XXV, when the group first reaches San Francisco, Fogg sends Passepartout to purchase guns in case Indian tribes attack the train. This foreshadows the eventual Sioux attack that delays their trip and causes them to miss the steamer to Liverpool. Understatement N/A Imagery Since Fogg and his group are traveling to many exotic places, there are numerous passages with rich imagery that paint a picture of the scene for readers. The wild jungles of India are one example, as is the wilderness of America. These are discussed in greater detail in this guide's separate imagery section. Paradox N/A Parallelism Fogg and Detective Fix run parallel in their characterization. Both are attempting to achieve a goal of theirs and will not let anything get in their way. They are similarly motivated characters, despite the fact that Fix is working against Fogg the whole time. Metonymy and Synecdoche N/A Personification In Chapter XXI, while they sail from Hong Kong to Shanghai to catch the steamer, both the moon and the boat itself are personified as a "she" in the lines "The moon was entering her first quarter, and her insufficient light would soon die out in the mist on the horizon" (pg. 78) and "At the speed she was going, the least shock would shatter the gallant little craft" (pg. 78).


How many players are there on a Shinty team?

How Shinty Is Played « Shinty How Shinty Is Played How Shinty Is Played Shinty is a fast, physical contact sport played outdoors. The object of the game is to score goals. The full Rules of Play for shinty are contained in the Camanachd Association’s byelaws , but variations to these rules, mainly to do with numbers in a team and the dimensions of the field of play, exist for women’s shinty and for children and young people. In men’s shinty there are 12 players in each team – one of whom is always the goalkeeper. In women’s shinty and in some competitions for children and young people, there are fewer players in the team and the pitch dimensions are smaller. Each player has a caman, or curved stick, and it is with the caman that the small leather ball is struck. A well-struck shinty ball can travel over 100 metres at very high speed. Competitive shinty is organised into league and knock-out cup competitions at various levels and grades. In the men’s game the most coveted trophies are the Camanachd Cup, first played for in 1895 and in women’s shinty the ultimate competition is the Valerie Fraser Cup . Both these events take place in September each year. Internationally shinty is only just developing but an annual match between shinty and the Irish game of hurling (Camogie when played by women) – which have the same historic roots, although each has evolved in its own way – takes place in October. A composite set of rules has been agreed between the Camanachd Association and its Irish counterpart, the Gaelic Athletic Association. When shinty is played The Camanachd Association is supportive of shinty matches being played on any day of the week in circumstances where a team involved in any individual fixture/ game indicates acceptance of the chosen day, if it is other than a Saturday. If an open competition/ league is known to require play on a day other than a Saturday then those entering a competition will be made aware of any variation in expected day of play at the time of entry.