"If Prince William of Wales, the elder son of Charles and Diana, Prince and Princess of Wales, becomes ""King William"", what number will he be?"

Will Prince William Be Prince Of Wales? – Royal Central Besides which, it’s already held by Prince Andrew at the moment… Jeannie Right, and the Duke of York will become available only when he passes, because he has 2 daughters, not sons… denise maguire Andrew is already the Duke of York, it’s not an open title. Now when he passes who will it go to? WeAreNotAmused Prince Edward was created Earl of Wessex until the Dukedom of Edinburgh becomes available. He will be granted the Dukedom of Edinburgh only after the current Duke dies and the Prince of Wales ascends the throne. Jeannie I thought the Duke of York was for 2nd sons…I know that Prince Andrew still is the Duke of York. I guess people are living much longer now, at least in the Royal Family…. I like the sound of Prince Henry, Duke of Exeter or Duke of Manchester. (have no idea if they are available.) Royal Titler Prince Harry = Baron Bum Shane Providing the new King (Charles) creates his eldest son Prince William, The Prince of Wales, there is no reason why Catherine should not be Princess of Wales (being the wife of the Prince of Wales). With all due respect to the late Diana, Princess of Wales, she was not the only Princess of Wales in history nor should she be the last — no one is that ‘great’ or ‘memorable’. I am sure that Diana herself would not want to see her eldest son’s wife be deprived of her rightful title out of some over done homage to her memory. A. P. Schrader Of course, it is also perfectly true that HRH The Duchess of Cornwall IS also the Princess of Wales, though she chooses not to use that title out of deference to her husband’s first wife, the mother of her two step-children. I do hope, however, that they will re-think all this ‘Princess Consort’ nonsense. I see absolutely no reason why, when HRH The Prince of Wales becoming King, his wife should not be known by her correct title as ‘HM The Queen’ or ‘Queen Camilla’. Will Larson Queen Camilla, Hahahaha! WeAreNotAmused A consort is not entitled to be addressed as HM; that designation applies only to regnant queens Royal Central Not true: Queens consort have their style matching their husband, therefore the wife of a King would be ‘Her Majesty The Queen’ Steve Warford Camilla is divorced. I know Charles was too but his ex-wife is dead. I know divorce is more common now in the royal family too. Is her ex-husband still living? Remember the Duchess of Windsor was divorced and caused a royal crisis. They have long memories in Buckingham Palace. It is one thing to be divorced and be royal – it another to be Queen. Of course the Duchess of Windsor was a divorced AMERICAN – a significant difference. Paula Burton The reason that Albert was Prince Consort had more to do with 1 him being german and 2 the problems making Mary Tudor’s husband king Maddie When Camilla becomes Queen, that’s when Australia and New Zealand will bolt from the Commonwealth. Michael No way. ⅔’s of NZ & Aus never marry though they have kids. It’s not an issue. With Wills in line it’s set. Western Civ When William ascends to the Throne, he won’t necessarily be King William V. He can choose a different regnal name. It is widely believed that Prince Charles will take the name of King George VII in honor of his grandfather, George VI. I don’t see how Charles could take his own name (Charles III), given its unhappy association with his Stuart predecessor who lost his head. But William V has a happy ring to it. King William IV (1830-37) may have been a philanderer, but he rose to the occasion of his unexpected kingship by supporting major reforms, including the abolition of slavery and expansion of voting rights which helped save the British Monarchy from the fate of other monarchies on the continent. May God extend our present Elizabethan age, and may she not be succeeded for many more years to come! Royal Central We are aware Prince William could choose a different regnal name, though it’s almost not worth considering as none of his other names have history in the Monarchy and he’ll surely want to keep his own name. Prince Charles


Which country is the world's largest producer of rice?

Top 10 Rice Producing Countries in the World Top 10 Rice Producing Countries in the World Top 10 Rice Producing Countries in the World Pinterest0 Rice is the most widely consumed staple food as compared to the other eatable commodities in the world that is used by the largest proportion of world’s overall population. Major part of its production is used in the Asian Countries because its consumption rate is reported highest in Asia Continent. It is the second highest used maze crop in the world. It was introduced to the European countries by Western Asia. There are abundant varieties of rice with diverse qualities and popularity. Asia is considered the homeland for the maximum varieties of this staple food. Asia produces more varieties than other cultivators around the globe. Basmati, Sticky and Jasmine are the most famous and widely consumed types of rice in the world. Did you know which country produces most rice in the world? Here is the list of Top 10 Rice Producing Countries in the World as per latest facts and figures. Rice Cultivation Two things are considered most important during its cultivation; the first one is highest rain fall, while the second thing is low labor cost. This is why because it is labor intensive and requires a huge quantity of water for the highest output. The most ordinary method for its cultivation is flooding the areas after seeding . There are a large number of countries with heavy amount of its output.  In this article we have listed the top 10 largest producers of rice in the world. Below is the list of rice production by country. List of Top 10 Rice Producing Countries in the World Rank 7500 Note : All Annual Yields are given in one thousand metric ton. Did you know Which is the largest producer and the largest exporter of rice in the world ? Best Answer : This crop is cultivated almost all over the world, but China is the Largest Rice producing Country around the globe. It has 33% share in the world’s overall rice production. While Thailand is the largest Rice exporting country around the globe. Due to the highest consumption, its largest output is exported over the other countries, following image shows a report of Rice Exporting Countries and their annual exports are given in the image.This image indicates the Thailand with highest exports in the world. Never Miss :


Which character in the comic strip Charlie Brown plays the piano?

Schroeder | Peanuts Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Noah Johnston (2015) Daniel Thornton (2016) "I kind of like Schroeder. He’s fairly down to earth, but he has his problems too. He has to play on the painted black piano keys, and he thinks Beethoven was the first President of the United States." Charles M. Schulz on Schroeder Schroeder is a major male character in the Peanuts comic strip by Charles M. Schulz . He is distinguished by his precocious skill at playing the piano, as well as by his love of classical music and the composer Ludwig van Beethoven in particular. Schroeder is also the catcher on Charlie Brown's baseball team and the object of Lucy van Pelt 's unrequited love . After  Linus van Pelt and Snoopy , Schroeder is probably Charlie Brown 's closest friend; he once angrily denounced Violet for giving Charlie Brown a used valentine well after Valentine's Day had come and gone (only to be undercut when Charlie Brown eagerly accepted it), and he is one of the few baseball players who has any respect for Charlie Brown as a manager (although he is as capable of ire at Charlie Brown's poor performance as anyone else, such instances are few and far between). Contents History Schroeder's first appearance in the strip from May 30, 1951. Schroeder was introduced as a baby on May 30, 1951 . Within a short time, however, he had aged to nearly the same age as the other characters. He initially had no notable characteristics, but Schulz eventually had the idea to incorporate his daughter Meredith's toy piano into the strip. He decided to give it to the strip's newest character, and thus the character as he is known to millions of fans was born. The origin of his name can be found in Schulz's 1975 book, Peanuts Jubilee: "Schroeder was named after a young boy with whom I used to caddy at Highland Park golf course in St. Paul. I don't recall ever knowing his first name, but just 'Schroeder' seemed right for the character in the script, even before he became the great musician he now is." In the September 24, 1951 strip, Charlie Brown makes an attempt to show the infant how to play a toy piano, but is quickly embarrassed when Schroeder completely outclasses him. However, his love for Beethoven specifically did not begin until October 10 of that same year. Character and appearance A bust of Ludwig van Beethoven, Schroeder's favorite composer and hero. Even though Schroeder is an accomplished musician, his piano is only a toy, and the black keys are merely painted on to the white keys. In one strip, Charlie Brown tries to get him to play a real piano, but Schroeder bursts out crying, intimidated by its size. Ludwig van Beethoven is Schroeder's favorite composer, as revealed in the February 27, 1955 strip. In it, Lucy takes his bust of Beethoven and smashes it, but Schroeder simply takes another one from a closet full of Beethoven busts. Every year, Schroeder marks Beethoven's birthday on December 16, although in a series of strips from December 1957 he forgets the date, is in shock when he finds out about it the following day and feels terrible for several days afterwards. When Charlie Brown's baseball team was required to have a sponsor to play games, Schroeder chose "Beethoven" as a sponsor. In the early strips, Schroeder also played music by other composers. Schulz once remarked that he had originally decided to depict Johannes Brahms as Schroeder's favorite composer, but decided that Beethoven sounded "funnier." Another distinguishing character trait of Schroeder is his constant refusal of Lucy's love. Lucy is infatuated with Schroeder, and frequently leans against his piano while he is playing, professing her love for him. However, since Beethoven was a lifelong bachelor, Schroeder feels that he must emulate every aspect of his idol's life - even though it is insinuated that he reciprocates Lucy's feelings. In a story arc where she and the rest of her family have moved out of town, Schroeder becomes frustrated with his music and mutters disbelievingly that he misses her. Despite his constant animosity towards her, Schroede


American Civil War The American Civil War The American Civil war lasted for four years and was a defining event of the 19th century.  Sign Up for Our Free Newsletters Thanks, You're in!


What colour is a domesticated Pekin duck?

Duck Breeds – Types of Ducks – Duck Breed Comparison Find an event near you, or submit one of your own! Breeds of Ducks Use this table of duck breeds to compare all the different types of ducks for sale at Metzer Farms. This data comes from our experience on the farm, feedback from customers, and information gathered from researchers. With so many breeds offered at Metzer Farms, we want you to make the most informed choice. Depending if you want a duck specifically for egg or meat production, foraging, show, a pet, or one of the many other reasons people raise ducks, this will help you find the best duck breed for you. Today most domesticated types of ducks originate from the wild Mallard and a few from the Muscovy. Ducks were domesticated in Asia, but now there are many different duck breeds developed for all different climates and applications. Due to all our domesticated ducks originating from the mallard, any one of the breeds we sell can produce fertile progeny if they cross with any other breed. Ducks will fully integrate with all the other breeds we offer. Therefore, if you want purebred ducklings hatching from your ducks, you need to keep the breeds separate during the breeding season. Or you can let them cross and see what different shapes and colors you will get in their ducklings. What will you get if you cross a Mallard with a Fawn & White Runner, or a Cayuga and a Pekin, or a Khaki Campbell with a White Layer? Breed None Metzer Farms Pekins are the most popular type of duck in North America for Commercial Meat Duck Production . Breeding stock from France is imported to give our customers the most efficient, meaty and profitable duck. Pekins are the fastest growing breed and dress very well after processing because of their white feathers. These birds are successfully used by some of our customers for pasture grown ducks. They are not bred for this type of growing, but do well due to the natural hardiness and disease resistance of all ducks. Khaki Campbells are commonly known for their exceptional egg laying capability. The Golden 300 and White Layer are two breeds developed here at Metzer Farms to maximize duck egg production . With proper care and management, these ducks will outperform the better known Pekins, Khaki Campbells, Runners or Welsh Harlequin. The Golden 300 and White Layer ducks are ideal if you are looking to meet a growing market for fresh duck eggs. There is also a steady demand for balut or salted eggs in most local Asian markets.


In which sea is the British overseas territory of Montserrat?

Montserrat Mystique | Tradewinds Real Estate CONTACT US Montserrat Mystique Approximately 250 miles from Puerto Rico, Montserrat is nestled among the Leeward Islands in the Eastern Caribbean Sea. A British Overseas Territory, Montserrat is fondly known as “the Emerald Isle of the Caribbean” and St. Patrick’s Day is not only a national holiday, but the entire week of March 17th is an annual celebration. Montserrat may very well not be your first introduction to the Caribbean, but after you come for a visit, it may be your favourite! Why? Try to think of another island that is safe with very little crime, has delicious drinking water from the mountain springs right to your tap, has a pristine marine environment with fantastic diving and snorkeling, perfect weather, and everywhere you look, a panoramic view of the Caribbean Sea and the lush mountain ranges that cut through the centre of the island. Residents enjoy a high standard of living, and the diverse expat community feels welcome and really at home. Hey – is this Paradise or what!! These are some of the reasons that attract visitors to come to Montserrat for a holiday and some are even tempted to purchase their own little piece of paradise! No casinos, no fancy restaurants, no golf, no poisonous critters, and, yes, we do have the Soufriere Hills volcano steaming in the distance. What an incredible sight! You can enjoy hikes in the rain forest, swimming on a deserted beach, simple meals at friendly cafes, kayaking along the shore, diving with only one or two other divers and seeing turtles, many types of fish, rays, and fabulous corals au naturale! Did we mention the friendly “hello” you will get from everyone on Montserrat, known as one of the most cordial places in the Caribbean?! So what are you waiting for? Come to Montserrat for your next holiday – you won’t regret it!! We have a large selection of beautiful villas to rent, each with a private pool, Cable TV, phone, an many other amenities. Something for everyone’s desire and budget. Let us help you plan the perfect vacation! Featured Agent


"The musical ""The Sound of Music"" is set in what city?"

The Sound of Music :: Rodgers & Hammerstein :: Show Details GUEST BLOG: Liesl from THE SOUND OF MUSIC Live! on NBC A guest blog from the amazing young woman portraying Liesl in the upcoming NBC broadcast of THE SOUND OF MUSIC Live! read more Did you know? The real Captain von Trapp was offered command of a submarine in the Navy of the Third Reich, which he refused. The von Trapps were invited to sing for Hitler?s 50th birthday party, which they also declined. The eldest son, Rupert, was offered a medical post in a good Viennese hospital; but, he realized it was because many Jewish doctors had been fired. With tensions rising, the family emigrated to Italy four months after the Anschluss in 1938. Did you know? In THE SOUND OF MUSIC, Maria von Trapp was a novice at Nonnberg Abbey. The historic Nonnberg Abbey was founded in the 8th century by Avendrid, niece of St. Rupert who is considered the patron saint of Salzburg. The city also has a cathedral monastery and is often called ?The Rome of the North.? Did you Know? At the 1960 Tony Awards Mary Rodgers found her musical ONCE UPON A MATTRESS competing against a show by her father Richard Rodgers - THE SOUND OF MUSIC - for the category of Best Musical! In 1967 THE SOUND OF MUSIC finished its run at the Palace Theatre, London, after six years and 2,385 performances - at the time, the longest running American musical in British theatrical history. The birthday of Maria von Trapp. In 1905, Maria Augusta Kutschera Trapp was born aboard a train in the Tirol, Austria. The story of her early life served as the inspiration for THE SOUND OF MUSIC. The birthday of Florence Henderson, who played Maria von Trapp in the first U.S. National Tour of THE SOUND OF MUSIC, starting in 1961. Best known for playing Carol Brady on The Brady Bunch from 1968 to 1974, Florence Henderson began her career as a stage actress. In addition to THE SOUND OF MUSIC, Henderson starred as Laurey in the 1953 Broadway revival of OKLAHOMA!, as Anna in the Los Angeles Music Center's inaugural production of THE KING AND I, and as Nellie at the Music Theater of Lincoln Center?s SOUTH PACIFIC in 1967. In 2010 she performed on "Dancing with the Stars"" - even waltzing to ""Edelweiss"" from THE SOUND OF MUSIC!" In 1990, in celebration of THE SOUND OF MUSIC's silver anniversary, Twentieth Century Fox hosted a gala screening/reunion for director Robert Wise, star Julie Andrews, and other members of the cast in Los Angeles; the movie is subsequently rereleased for a limited engagement in Los Angeles and New York. The birthday of Russel Crouse, book writer of the musicals CALL ME MADAM and THE SOUND OF MUSIC. Crouse was born in 1893. The birthday of singer Marni Nixon. Marni Nixon became famous as the singing voice of Deborah Kerr in Rodger & Hammerstein?s film THE KING AND I, as well as Audrey Hepburn in MY FAIR LADY and Natalie Wood in WEST SIDE STORY. Nixon finally appeared as a performer on camera while singing the part of Sister Sophia in the film THE SOUND OF MUSIC. In 1961, the national tour of THE SOUND OF MUSIC, starring Florence Henderson, began at the Riviera Theatre, Detroit. It played in 35 cities before closing at the O'Keefe Center, Toronto, on November 23, 1963. In 1965, Twentieth Century Fox premiered the movie version of THE SOUND OF MUSIC, directed by Robert Wise and starring Julie Andrews and Christopher Plummer. It played in New York for a record-setting 93 weeks. The movie's initial U.S. release lasted 4.5 years, and from 1966 to 1972 THE SOUND OF MUSIC was cited by Variety as the "All-Time Box Office Champion."" It remains the most popular movie musical ever made." The birthday of Julie Andrews, born in Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, England. International star of stage and screen, her long and cherished association with Rodgers & Hammerstein includes starring as the title character in the original TV production of CINDERELLA (1957), playing Maria in the iconic movie version of THE SOUND OF MUSIC (1965), and singing the role of Anna in the studio cast recording of THE KING AND I (1992) In 1959, the w


What is the most popular sports competition in Australia?

Top 10 Most Popular Sports in Australia Sporteology You May Also Like:  Top All Time Greatest Australian Athletes Summer is considered as the season of sport around the country and especially the Grand Slam tennis tournament held in this session. Australia has lush, championship-designed golf courses across the country and country has the record in hosting many premier golf events. Australia marathons attract thousands of runners from all over the world and rev-heads everywhere know about Australia car racing events for example the Formula 1 Australia Grand Prix. Here in this post I will tell you in details about most popular sports in Australia. Top 10 Most Popular Sports in Australia Football Australia’s beloved ‘footy’ actually covers four codes, which may be a little confusing. Depending on different state of Australia, this could mean Rugby League, Australian Football League (AFL), Rugby Union or the soccer that most Europeans know as football!  All these four codes command a strong, loyal fan base. These codes are played in the same season from March to September. Aussie rules Next on Most Popular Sports in Australia, If in Australia you see men in shorts leaping to great heights playing on a large arena with an oval ball, then you’re definitely watching a game of Australian Football. AFL (Australian Football League) is Australia’s premier spectator sport and it is developed in Melbourne in the 19th century, this is the most attended sporting league of the country. Popularity of this sport is very high in Victoria, where it’s practically a religion. Sydney, Perth, Brisbane and Adelaide also have passionately supported AFL teams. AFL consist 16 teams which play 22 home and away rounds from March to September. Rugby National Rugby League (NRL) Next on Most Popular Sports in Australia, Rugby League is a full contact ball sport and considered as the third most popular sport of Australia. This Australian sport actually branched out from Rugby Union in the early 20th century.  NRL or The National Rugby League is mostly played in Australia’s eastern states. Most of the 16 teams of NRL are based in and around Sydney. The NRL season starts in early March and ends with the grand final on the first Sunday of October. NRL competitions usually attract huge crowds and huge TV audiences as well. There are also annual international games like the New Zealand VS Australia ANZAC Day test. Rugby Union Next on Most Popular Sports in Australia, Australia’s Rugby Union well known team is the Wallabies and each year they compete with New Zealand and South Africa in the Tri-Nations Series. Their on-field battle with the New Zealand is known as the Bledisloe Cup. And the games with South Africa are part of the Mandela Challenge Plate. Rugby World Cup is also held in Australia after for years in which many teams come to play from across the world.  Seven former Australian players like Nick Farr-Jones have been introduced into the International Rugby Hall of Fame. In the Super 14s cup Australia’s state teams play with each other, South African and New Zealand teams.


Usually, the United Kingdom holds general elections every four years. In the 20th century, how many times did the UK hold more than one general election in one year?

British Elections - British Culture, Customs and Traditions British Culture, British Customs and British Traditions British Elections With dictionary look up. Double click on any word for its definition. This section is in advanced English and is only intended to be a guide, not to be taken too seriously! There are five types of elections in the United Kingdom:- General elections Elections to devolved parliaments and assemblies Elections to the European Parliament Local elections Mayoral elections Elections are held on Election Day, which is conventionally, for some reason I can't figure out, a Thursday. General elections do not have fixed dates, but must be called within five years of the opening of parliament following the last election. Other elections are held on fixed dates though in the case of the devolved assemblies and parliaments, early elections can occur in certain situations. Presently, six electoral systems are used: single member plurality system (First Past the Post), multi member plurality system, Party list, Single Transferable Vote, Additional Member System and Supplementary Vote. Eligibility Anyone who is a citizen of the UK, the Republic of Ireland, or of a Commonwealth country, who is legally resident in the UK, and who is 18 or over on the date of an election is eligible to vote, provided they are on the electoral register, unless they are currently a member of the House of Lords, imprisoned for a criminal offence, mentally incapable of making a reasoned judgement, an undischarged bankrupt, or have been convicted of corrupt or illegal practices in connection with an election within the previous five years. Members of the House of Lords may, however, vote in local and European Elections as well as elections to the Scottish Parliament and National Assembly for Wales. Voting is not compulsory. In addition, while UK, Irish and Commonwealth citizens may register to vote in all elections, European Union nationals resident in the UK may register to vote in local, European, Scottish and Welsh elections. In theory, members of the Royal Family who do not hold a peerage, including the Monarch, are eligible to vote, although in practice it would be seen as unconstitutional if they ever did. UK citizens who have moved abroad remain eligible to vote for 15 years thereafter. They would vote for the MP of the constituency in which they lived before they moved abroad. This is also applicable to people who were under 18 before they moved abroad; when they reach 18 they can vote. "Service voters" - including forces personnel, diplomats and other public servants resident overseas - are also eligible. Voters must appear on the electoral register in order to vote; they can now be added to the register until eleven working days before the election. The electoral register in 2000 listed 44,423,440 people registered to vote in the UK, of whom 36,994,211 were in England. The right of Irish and Commonwealth citizens to vote is a legacy of the Representation of the People Act 1918, which limited the vote to British subjects. At that time, "British subjects" included the people of Ireland — then part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland — and all other parts of the British Empire. Though most of Ireland (see Ireland Act 1949) and the majority of the colonies became independent nations, their citizens have retained the right to vote in the UK if they live in the UK. History 19th century The system of universal suffrage did not exist in Britain until 1928. From 1688 to 1832, less than 10% of the adult male population had the right to vote. The first act to increase the size of the electorate was the Reform Act 1832 (sometimes known as the Great Reform Act). It abolished 56 rotten boroughs (which had elected 112 MPs) and decreased the property qualification in boroughs. It gave some parliamentary representation to the industrial towns (142 MPs) by redistributing some MPs from boroughs who had disproportional representation. The electoral register was created. The overall result of the Act was that the electorate wa


The stress that causes a metal object to break is called metal what?

Stress, Strain, & Strength: An Introduction to Materials Science Stress, Strain, & Strength: An Introduction to Materials Science How Stuff Breaks! Sometimes we want things to break . . . Breaking is not always a bad thing. With soda cans, for example, we want the rim around the opening to break before anything else. Have you ever had the pull tab break off before the can opens? Don't you hate it when that happens? Think of two different explanations for this kind of soda can failure. Sometimes we don't! For obvious reasons, we want bridges to be strong and hold up to a many different environmental conditions. For more information on the Tacoma Narrows Bridge disaster, these online references are a good place to start: Ketchum, M., 2000. "Mark Ketchum's Bridge Collapse Page". Retrieved February 16, 2006 from http://www.ketchum.org/bridgecollapse.html . Doole, S. and A. Champneys, date unknown. "Tacoma Narrows Bridge Disaster," Bristol Centre for Applied Nonlinear Mathematics, University of Bristol. Retrieved February 16, 2006 from http://www.enm.bris.ac.uk/research/nonlinear/tacoma/tacoma.html . Questions How do we figure out if a structure is going to break? What are different structures made out of and what are their properties? What words do we use to describe these properties? How do we test these properties? Vocabulary 10-24 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 In the U.S. we use the English system, but everyone else in the world (including England!) uses the metric system. You've certainly seen some of these metric prefixes before, for example: millimeters, Gigabytes, nanoseconds. For an interesting exercise on the magnitudes of things, try and think of different measurements for which each of the above prefixes would be convenient. Here are some references: Eames, L., 2006. "Powers of 10," Eames Office. Retrieved February 16, 2006 from http://www.eamesoffice.com/the-work/powers-of-ten/ . Lyman, P. and H.R. Varian, 2000. "How Much Information? Data Powers of Ten," School of Information Management and Systems, University of California at Berkeley. Retrieved February 16, 2006 from http://www.sims.berkeley.edu:8000/research/projects/how-much-info/datapowers.html . Stress When you hear the word "stress," what do you usually think of? No, this is stress! In terms of materials science and mechanical engineering, stress is defined as the force on a material divided by the material's cross-sectional area (A in the diagram above). We can talk about different types of stress, depending on how the force is applied. For example, if the force is tending to stretch out the material (as in the diagram on the left), we call it tensile stress. If the force is tending to squish the material (as in the diagram on the right), we call it compressive stress. What happens when you put something under stress? Strain is the response of a material to stress. It is defined as the change in length of the material under stress (L' −L0) divided by the original length (L0). For a material under tension, the material may show an incremental increase in length. For a material under compression, the material may show an incremental decrease in length. One way to demonstrate strain for yourself is to use compressible packing foam (beams) or insulation (tubes). Draw regular grids on the foam (as shown below). What happens to the grid spacing as you squish, stretch and bend the foam? When you bend the foam, you can see a combination of compressive and tensile stresses on opposite sides of the bend. Mechanical Properties of Materials How do mechanical engineers describe the way a material behaves when under stress? One measurement is called the elastic modulus, and is defined as stress divided by strain. It is a measure of how much strain is produced by a given amount of stress on a material. Another measure is Poisson's ratio, which describes how a stress applied along one dimension of a material affects the other dimensions. Here's a demonstration you can try for yourself. As one example, compare tootsie rolls vs. jolly ranchers. Wha


What is a religious censure used to deprive or suspend membership in a religious community?

Excommunication | Christianity Knowledge Base | Fandom powered by Wikia Edit The biblical basis of excommunication is anathema . The references are found in Galatians 1:8 “But even if we, or an angel from Heaven , should preach to you a gospel contrary to what we have preached to you, he is to be anathema"! Then also, 1 Corinthians 16:22 "If anyone does not love the Lord, he is to be anathema". The word can be translated several ways; the King James Version translates it accursed. Anathema was used in the early church as a form of extreme religious sanction, beyond excommunication. The earliest recorded example was in 306 . The Roman Catholic church still makes use of the sanction, though it is rarely used against an individual. Some modern churches which seek to return to a New Testament form of Christianity refer to any form of exclusion as anathema. Roman Catholic Church Edit See also - List of people excommunicated by the Roman Catholic Church Excommunication is the most serious ecclesiastical penalty for Roman Catholics . While under censure, the excommunicate is barred from participating in the Church's sacramental life. The outward sign of this loss of community involves a prohibition of the person from participating in liturgy in a ministerial capacity, as well as from receiving the Eucharist or the other Sacraments . Certain other rights and privileges normally resulting from membership in the church are revoked, such as holding ecclesiastical office . Excommunication is intended to be a "medicinal" penalty intended to seriously motivate the offender to repent. In the Roman Catholic Church excommunication is usually terminated by repentance , confession , an act of profession of the Creed, and then absolution. Offenses which incur excommunication must be absolved by a local ordinary ( bishop or vicar general ) or a priest whom the local ordinary designates. According to The Catholic Encyclopedia , the excommunicant is still considered Christian as the "baptismal watermark" is held to be indelible. The Roman Catholic Church has an extensive history of the uses of excommunication, especially during the Middle Ages . Popes and archbishops used excommunication as a weapon against high ranking officials and kings who fell out of favor with the Catholic Church. Perceived abuse of this power, along with some other factors, led to the rise of the Protestant Reformation . With the rise of the idea of separation of church and state, excommunication no longer has any civil effect. Excommunication can be incurred either ferendae sententiae (imposed or declared) or latae sententiae (automatic). Automatic excommunication is only applicable in the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church. Prior to the 1983 Code of Canon Law , there were two degrees of excommunication: vitandi (shunned), and tolerati (tolerated). This distinction no longer applies today, and excommunicated Catholics are still under obligation to attend Mass, even though they are barred from the Eucharist. Automatic excommunication Desecration of the Eucharist (canon 1367), Physical force against the Pope (canon 1370), Attempted sacramental absolution of a partner in adultery (canon 1378), Ordination of a bishop without a Papal mandate (canon 1382), Violation of the sacramental seal of confession by a priest or bishop (canon 1388), Procurement of a completed abortion (canon 1398), or Accomplice in any of the above (canon 1329). These excommunications are not incurred when certain mitigating circumstances apply (canons 1323 and 1324), e.g., depending on age, ignorance, culpability. Unless the local ordinary or an ecclesiastical court finds that the offense in question occurred, the obligation to observe an automatic excommunication lies solely on the excommunicated (Can. 1331 §1). Thus, even though an automatic excommunicant is forbidden to exercise any ecclesiastical offices, the excommunicant still retains the offices and all such acts are still valid acts under the law unless there has been a trial and finding of fact. Once this occurs, all subsequent acts become voi


What is the offficial language of Australia?

Perth (Australia) - Speaking the Language | ExpatFocus.com Speaking the Language Home > Country Guides > Australia English is the main written and spoken language in Perth, as it is in other parts of Australia. English is also the official language in Perth. More than ¾ of all residents in Perth speak English and only English in their homes. Other common languages spoken other than English are Italian (2%), Mandarin (1.1%), Cantonese (1.1%), Vietnamese (0.9%) and Arabic (0.5%). In comparison with other Australian cities, Perth has the 2nd highest proportion of residents who were born overseas, after Sydney – almost 1/3 of Perth's total resident population. This city of some 1.6 million is made up of residents from diverse ethnic backgrounds – apart from Australian citizens, the top 5 countries Perth residents came from are England (9.9%), New Zealand (2.4%), Scotland (1.4%), Malaysia (1.3%) and South Africa (1.3%). For more detailed statistics, see Perth's 2006 Census QuickStats compiled by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, ABS). An interesting analysis of Perth's multicultural diversity is available at www.omi.wa.gov.au , the Office Of Multicultural Interests, a department of the local Western Australian government. As it is with other Australian cities, the vocabulary and pronunciation of certain words can differ from that of American or British English. Since Perth has one of the largest concentration of retired British residents, British English is more commonly used than American English. One interesting tidbit about the names of roads, neighbourhoods and buildings in Perth is that many of them reflect Perth's aboriginal and Scottish beginnings. (The name, Perth was chosen by a Scotsman). Click here for an interesting article covered by ABC news on the names of Perth's new suburbs. Local newspapers, magazines, and television programmes are generally printed and broadcast in English. The West Australian, Great Southern Herald, Perth Voice and WA Business News are some of the main English newspapers for news around the region. There are also a number of community-based newspapers that are circulated, depending on the suburb you live in (e.g. Melville Times Community). Click here for a list of newspapers in and around Perth. The major bookstores in Perth are Dymocks, Angus & Roberton, and Collins. If it is a foreign language newspaper or magazine you are after, there is a foreign language bookstore located in central Perth (572 Hay Street; www.allforeignlanguages.com.au ). Australia's multicultural broadcasting channel is SBS (One and Two) . Expat Health Insurance Partners


"""f you wanna make the world a better place, take a look at yourself then make a change"" is a line from what song?"

MICHAEL JACKSON LYRICS - Man In The Mirror "Man In The Mirror" lyrics MICHAEL JACKSON LYRICS I'm Gonna Make A Change, For Once In My Life It's Gonna Feel Real Good, Gonna Make A Difference As I, Turn Up The Collar On My Favourite Winter Coat This Wind Is Blowin' My Mind I See The Kids In The Street, With Not Enough To Eat Who Am I, To Be Blind? Pretending Not To See And A One Man's Soul They Follow Each Other On The Wind Ya' Know That's Why I Want You To Know I'm Starting With The Man In The Mirror I'm Asking Him To Change His Ways And No Message Could Have Been Any Clearer If You Wanna Make The World A Better Place (If You Wanna Make The World A Better Place) Take A Look At Yourself, And Then Make A Change (Take A Look At Yourself, And Then Make A Change) (Na Na Na, Na Na Na, Na Na, Na Nah) I've Been A Victim Of A Selfish Kind Of Love It's Time That I Realize That There Are Some With No Home, Not A Nickel To Loan Could It Be Really Me, Pretending That They're Not


From 1885 to 1908, a corporate state of 2,344,000 km (905,000 square miles), privately controlled by Leopold II, King of the Belgians, became infamous for mistreatment of the local peoples and exploitation of natural resources. What was this area known as?

Belgian Congo - The Full Wiki The Full Wiki       Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn't yet, but we're working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . Related top topics Top rankings for Belgian Congo 4th more than 200 indigenous languages Political structure Colony King of the Belgians  - 1908–09 Leopold II  - 1909–34 Albert I  - 1934–51 Leopold III  - 1951–60 Baudouin I Governor-general  - 1908–10 Baron Wahis  - 1946–51 Eugène Jungers  - 1958–60 Henri Cornelis History  - Established 15 November 1908  -  Independence 30 June 1960  - Secessions¹ July–August 1960 Area  - 1960 2,344,858 km2 (905,355 sq mi) Population  - 1960 est. 16,610,000       Density 7.1 /km2  (18.3 /sq mi) Currency Congolese franc ¹ Secession of Katanga on 11 July and South Kasai on 8 August 1960 The Belgian Congo ( French : Congo Belge, Dutch : Belgisch-Kongo (help·info) ) was the formal title of present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) between King Leopold II's formal relinquishment of his personal control over the state to Belgium on 15 November 1908, and Congolese independence on 30 June 1960. [3] Contents 12 External links The Congo Free State, 1884–1908 Leopold II , King of the Belgians and de facto owner of the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908. Main article: Congo Free State Until the later part of the 19th century, the Europeans had not yet ventured into the Congo. The rainforest , swamps and malaria , and other diseases such as Sleeping sickness made it a difficult environment for European exploration and exploitation. In 1876 Leopold II, King of the Belgians organized the International African Association with the cooperation of the leading African explorers and the support of several European governments for the promotion of African exploration and colonization. After Henry Morton Stanley explored the region, a journey that ended in 1878, Leopold courted the explorer and hired him to help establish Leopold's interests in the region. [4] Léopold II had been keen to acquire a colony for Belgium even before he acceded to the throne in 1865. He was convinced that the acquisition of a colony would bestow international prestige on his relatively young and small home country and that it might provide a steady source of income. Belgium was not greatly interested in its monarch's dreams of empire-building. Ambitious and stubborn, Léopold II decided to pursue the matter on his own account. European rivalry in Central Africa led to diplomatic tensions, in particular with regard to the largely unclaimed Congo river basin. In November 1884, Otto von Bismarck convened a 14-nation conference (the Berlin Conference ) to find a peaceful resolution to the Congo crisis. After three months of negotiation on February 5, 1885, the Berlin Conference reached agreement. While it did not formally approve or disapprove the territorial claims of the European powers in Central Africa, it did agree on a set of rules to ensure a conflict-free partitioning of the region. Key among those were the recognition of the Congo basin as a free trade zone, and the general acceptance of the principle that any territorial claim needed to be backed up by evidence of actual and durable occupation of that territory. In reality, Leopold II emerged triumphant from the Berlin Conference. [5] In a series of bilateral diplomatic agreements France was given 666,000 km² (257,000 square miles) on the north bank of the Congo river (modern Congo-Brazzaville and the Central African Republic ), Portugal 909,000 km² (351,000 square miles) to the south (modern Angola ), and Leopold's wholly owned, single-shareholder "philanthropic" organisation received the balance: 2,344,000 km² (905,000 square miles), to be constituted as the Congo Free State . The Congo Free State was a corporate state privately controlled by Leopold II, King of the Belgians through a dummy non-governmental organization, the Association Internationale Africaine . Leopold was the sole shareholder and chairman. The state


Who caused the crash of Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771, near Cayucos, California, USA on 7 December 1987, by shooting the pilots and killing all 43 people on board?

Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771 | Plane Crash Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771 Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771 7pages on The Credit of information goes to, Wikipedia Page:  PSA Flight 1771 An Animation of the Fight 1771 about to crash. Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771 was a commercial flight that crashed near Cayucos, California, United States, on December 7, 1987, as a result of a murder-suicide scheme by one of the passengers. All 43 people on board the aircraft died. The man who caused the crash, David Burke (born May 18, 1952), was an angry former employee of USAir, the parent company of PSA. Contents Edit USAir had recently purchased and was in the process of absorbing Pacific Southwest Airlines. Burke had been terminated by USAir for petty theft of $69 from in-flight cocktail receipts, and had also been suspected of other crimes. After meeting with Raymond F. Thomson, his supervisor, in an unsuccessful attempt to be reinstated, he purchased a ticket on PSA Flight 1771, a daily flight from Los Angeles to San Francisco. David Burke's supervisor was a passenger on the flight, which he took regularly for his daily commute to and from work. Using his unsurrendered USAir credentials, David Burke, armed with a loaded .44 Magnum revolver that he had borrowed from a co-worker, was able to use the employee security bypass checkpoint at Los Angeles International Airport. After boarding the plane, Burke wrote a message on an airsickness bag which he probably gave to Thomson to read before shooting him: Hi Ray. I think it's sort of ironical that we ended up like this. I asked for some leniency for my family. Remember? Well, I got none and you'll get none. As the plane, a four-engine British Aerospace BAe 146-200, cruised at 22,000 ft (6,700 m) over the central California coast, the cockpit voice recorder (CVR) recorded the sound of someone entering and then leaving the toilet. The captain and the co-pilot asked air traffic control about turbulence when the sound of two shots being fired in the cabin was heard on the CVR. This was probably when Burke shot Thomson to death. The co-pilot immediately reported to air traffic control that a gun had been fired on board and no further transmissions were received. The CVR recorded the cockpit door opening and a female, presumed to be a flight attendant, told the cockpit crew, "We have a problem." The captain replied, "What kind of problem?" A shot was fired, presumably killing the flight attendant, and Burke announced "I'm the problem," and two more shots are heard that either incapacitated or killed the pilots. Several seconds later, the CVR picked up increasing windscreen noise as the airplane pitched down and accelerated. The remains of the flight data recorder (FDR) indicated the control column had been pushed forward, most likely by Burke, causing the aircraft to dive. A final gunshot was heard followed not long after by a sudden silence. It is speculated that the final shot fired by Burke had killed the airline's chief pilot, who was also on board as a passenger and who may have tried to reach the cockpit to save the aircraft. According to the TV series Mayday, a fragment of Burke's fingertip was recovered with the gun which indicated that he was alive and holding the gun until impact. The plane crashed into the hillside of a cattle ranch at 4:16 p.m. in the Santa Lucia Mountains near Paso Robles and Cayucos. The plane was estimated to have crashed at a speed of around 770 mph (1,240 km/h), disintegrating instantly. It is estimated that the aircraft hit the ground at five thousand times the force of gravity, and was traveling at an approximately 70-degree angle toward the south. The plane struck a rocky hillside, leaving a crater less than 2 feet deep and 4 feet across, presumably where the landing gear struck the ground. The high-speed impact compressed the soil, which almost immediately rebounded, throwing fragments and paper (including the note by Burke) back into the air, before flames consumed them. No one survived the


What US state borders both Kansas and Utah?

State borders are not as simple as they look « Integrity Logic GIS on the iPhone » State borders are not as simple as they look When I was a kid, I would look at maps of the American West and be fascinated by those enormous states. Wyoming! Utah! Colorado! They looked like giant mathematical figures, crisply defined in an otherwise chaotic world. I also thought that the borders really were a dotted line on the ground, but that misconception was quickly disspelled by my parents.
 Nevertheless, I always carried in my mind the idea that western states were mostly defined by straight lines of whole latitude and longitude (parallels and meridians).
 So it was with some surprise that, while working on a GIS app for the iPhone, I discovered that these cherished beliefs were in fact plain wrong.
 The first misconception was that these straight lines run mostly along whole meridians and parallels. It certainly looks that way at first sight. For instance, the border between Arizona and New Mexico really does look like it’s smack on the 109th west meridian. But when you zoom in, you see that it’s actually off, and by more than a rounding error. What happened? Did the surveyors of yore goof? As a fascinating article in The American Surveyor reveals:
 “In a case of national pride edging out common sense, the dividing line was defined as the 32nd meridian west of Washington”
 which turns out to be almost three minutes of arc west of the 109th meridian, or roughly three miles. Goodness forbid we should keep things simple. At least we can blame this one on the politicians.
 OK, so the border between Arizona and New Mexico is a bit strange. But that’s the exception, right?
 Well, no. The border between Colorado and New Mexico (and a bunch of other states) was originally defined as the 37th parallel. But man proposes, and the surveyor disposes. As it turns out, the surveyors did make a small mistake of 365 feet — not bad at all for late-19th century techniques, but enough to create a problem now. So, as described in Waymarking:
 “Instead of a costly reassessment of the border line, the states affected and the US Supreme Court amended the definition of the state’s border, so now, the border between Utah, Colorado and Kansas in the North and Arizona, New Mexico and Oklahoma in the South is no longer at 37 N but at 36 59’56.34”N. “
 My belief in the cosmic order thus shaken, you can imagine how perturbed I was when I realized that, not only are these lines not exactly on whole meridians and parallels, but in fact they’re not even straight at all.
 Colorado, for instance, looks like it’s a perfect rectangle (if we ignore the spheroidal surface of the earth, of course). But if you examine closely the border with Utah, you’ll notice that there are a few squiggles. Small to be sure, but it is not a straight line. Same thing for the border with Wyoming. All these slight deviations from the geometrically ideal go back to the 19th century when surveying, although remarkably precise considering the technology available at the time, was not what it is today.
 In the case of the Colorado/Utah border, it was a surveying oopsie of just over a mile. Still not bad for 1879. The border between California and Nevada was defined as a straight line from what turned out to be the middle of lake Tahoe to the intersection with the Colorado river. But wouldn’t you know it, the river moved, and the surveyor, rather than start from scratch, fudged the line. Ah, contractors!
 In fact, the closer you look, the worse it gets. All these bo


"What word means a ""sudden revelation""?"

Epiphany | Define Epiphany at Dictionary.com epiphany noun, plural epiphanies. 1. (initial capital letter) a Christian festival, observed on January 6, commemorating the manifestation of Christ to the gentiles in the persons of the Magi; Twelfth-day. 2. an appearance or manifestation, especially of a deity. 3. a sudden, intuitive perception of or insight into the reality or essential meaning of something, usually initiated by some simple, homely, or commonplace occurrence or experience. 4. a literary work or section of a work presenting, usually symbolically, such a moment of revelation and insight. Origin of epiphany Late Greek 1275-1325 1275-1325; Middle English epiphanie < Late Latin epiphanīa < Late Greek epipháneia, Greek: apparition, equivalent to epi- epi- + phan- (stem of phaínein to appear) + -eia -y 3 Related forms [ep-uh-fan-ik] /ˌɛp əˈfæn ɪk/ (Show IPA), epiphanous, adjective Dictionary.com Unabridged Examples from the Web for epiphany Expand Contemporary Examples Many recall Maupassant or O. Henry in the way they conclude with an old-fashioned twist or epiphany. The White Company Arthur Conan Doyle Thus mirrored, they are transformed and converted into his camp of renewal and clean promises by this epiphany. British Dictionary definitions for epiphany Expand the manifestation of a supernatural or divine reality 2. any moment of great or sudden revelation Derived Forms C17: via Church Latin from Greek epiphaneia an appearing, from epi- + phainein to show Epiphany noun (pl) -nies 1. a Christian festival held on Jan 6, commemorating, in the Western Church, the manifestation of Christ to the Magi and, in the Eastern Church, the baptism of Christ Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for epiphany Expand n. early 14c., "festival of the manifestation of Christ to the gentiles" (celebrated Jan. 6; usually with a capital -E-), from Old French epiphanie, from Late Latin epiphania, neuter plural (taken as feminine singular), from late Greek epiphaneia "manifestation, striking appearance" (in New Testament, "advent or manifestation of Christ"), from epiphanes "manifest, conspicuous," from epiphainein "to manifest, display," from epi "on, to" (see epi- ) + phainein "to show" (see phantasm ). Of divine beings other than Christ, first recorded 1660s; general literary sense of "any manifestation or revelation" appeared 1840, first in De Quincey. Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper


What was the first black and white short cartoon film produced by Walt Disney?

Walt Disney Animation Studios | Disney Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Walt Disney Animation Studios Share Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you’ve made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Walt Disney Animation Studios Walt Disney Animation Studios (formerly known as Walt Disney Feature Animation), is the name of the flagship animation studio of The Walt Disney Company . Contents History 1923-1928: Origins & Early Years Kansas City, Missouri native Walt Disney and Roy O. Disney founded the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio in Los Angeles in 1923, producing a series of silent Alice Comedies short films featuring a live-action child actress in an animated world. The Alice Comedies were distributed by Margaret J. Winkler's Winkler Pictures, which later also distributed a second Disney short subject series, the all-animated Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, starting in 1927 through Universal Pictures. After the first year's worth of Oswalds, Walt Disney went to New York to renew his contract with Winkler Pictures, but Charles Mintz, who had taken over the business after marrying Margaret Winkler, attempted to force Disney to accept a lower advance per short. Disney refused, and Mintz began set up his own animation studio to produce Oswald cartoons, having signed up most of Disney's staff to come under Mintz' employ after Disney's contract was done. Working in secret while the rest of the staff finished the remaining Oswalds on contract, Disney and his head animator Ub Iwerks led a small handful of remaining staffers in producing cartoons starring a new character named Mickey Mouse. The first two Mickey Mouse cartoons, Plane Crazy and The Galloping Gaucho, made only mild impressions when previewed in limited engagements during the summer of 1928. For the third Mickey cartoon, however, Disney collaborated with musician Carl Stalling and businessman Pat Powers (businessman, who provided Disney with his bootlegged "Cinephone" sound-on-film process. Subsequently, the third Mickey Mouse cartoon, Steamboat Willie, became Disney's first cartoon with synchronized sound, and was a major success upon its November 1928 debut at the West 57th Theatre in New York City. The earlier Mickeys had soundtracks created for them as well, and all future Mickeys were produced in sound. The Mickey Mouse series, distributed by Powers through Celebrity Productions, quickly became the most popular cartoon series in the United States. 1929-1934: Sound Cartoons & Snow White The Disney Studios building in the 1930's. A second Disney series of sound cartoons, the Silly Symphonies , debuted in 1929 with The Skeleton Dance . Each Silly Symphony was a one-shot cartoon centered around music or a particular theme. In 1930, disputes over finances between Disney and Powers led to Disney's studio, reincoporated the year before as Walt Disney Productions, signing a new distribution contract with Columbia Pictures, and Powers signing away Ub Iwerks, who bean producing cartoons at his own studio. Columbia distributed Disney's shorts for two years before Walt Disney began production on his first feature-legnth animated film in 1934. Despite derision from most of the film industry, who dubbed the production "Disney's Folly", Disney proceeded undaunted into the production of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs , which would become the first animated feature in English and Technicolor. Considerable training, and development went into the production of Snow White, with Silly Symphonies such as The Goddess of Spring (1934) and The Old Mill serving as experimetation grounds for new techniques, including the animation of realistic human figures, special effects animation, and the use of multiplane camera , an invention which split animation artwork layers into severla planes, allowing the camera to appear to move dimensionally through an animated scene. Snow White cost Disney a then-ex


Which American explorer claimed to have been the first person, on 6 April 1909, to reach the geographic North Pole?

The North Pole: Location, Weather, Exploration … and Santa The North Pole: Location, Weather, Exploration … and Santa By Jessie Szalay, LiveScience Contributor | December 13, 2013 07:06pm ET MORE A true-color image taken on May 5, 2000, by an instrument aboard NASA's Terra spacecraft, over the North Pole, with sea ice shown in white and open water in black. Credit: Image by Allen Lunsford, NASA GSFC Direct Readout Laboratory; Data courtesy Tromso receiving station, Svalbard, Norway The “North Pole” refers to multiple places: the geographically northernmost point on Earth, the magnetic north, and, most enchantingly, Santa’s headquarters. The North Pole has inspired human imagination, scientific exploration and political conflict for decades. Where is the North Pole? The Geographic North Pole is the northernmost point on the planet, where Earth’s axis intersects with its surface. Its latitude is 90 degrees north, and all longitudinal lines meet there. From there, every direction one turns is south. Because all longitudinal lines begin from it, the North Pole has no time zone. The pole is in the Arctic Ocean, where the water is 13,400 feet (4,084 meters) deep and usually covered with drifting ice 6-to-10 feet (1.8 to 3 meters) thick. The location of the North Pole changes slightly with time. Earth’s axis has a slight wobble, and since the pole intersects with the axis, it wobbles along with it. Scientists have calculated that the pole wobbles about 30 feet over seven years. The precise point of the pole at any given moment is known as the instantaneous pole. Magnetic North Pole The magnetic North Pole is not the same as "true north;" it is several hundreds of miles south of the geographic North Pole. Earth's iron core and movement within its outer part generates a magnetic field , and the magnetic North and South Poles are where the field is vertical. Compasses point to the magnetic North Pole. The magnetic poles don't line up with the geographic poles, and the difference between them is called declination. Since its discovery in 1831, the magnetic North Pole has been around Canada’s Ellesmere Island, about 500 miles (800 kilometers) from the geographic North Pole. But the magnetic field drifts, causing the angle of declination to change over time. Currently, the magnetic North Pole moves about 25 miles each year in a northwest direction — at a faster rate than it has moved since tracking began in the 1830s. The change could cause problems for migrating birds and human navigation . Eventually, the magnetic North and South Poles will move to the point that they “flip” and compasses would point south. This change will happen slowly and not in our lifetimes. The last “flip” occurred 730,000 years ago. North Pole weather Because of Earth’s tilted axis, the North Pole experiences only one sunrise and one sunset every year, at the March and September equinoxes respectively. During the summer, there is sunlight all day; during the winter, it is always dark. During the winter, the geographic North Pole’s annual mean temperature is minus 40 F (minus 40 C). In the summer, it is 32 F (0 C). Though it is by no means warm, it is considerably warmer than in the land-based South Pole in Antarctica, because the North Pole is over water. Research stations have reported cyclones at the North Pole and, in recent years, ice melt and cracks , which is part of Arctic climate change. North Pole ecosystem The most frequent above-ice inhabitants of the Arctic are migratory birds, such as the small snow bunting, fulmar, kittiwake and the Arctic tern, which has the longest migration of any bird, traveling 43,000 miles (69,200 km) round trip from the North to South Pole every year. Caribou and Arctic foxes do not venture to the North Pole; polar bears make rare appearances. [ Photos: Life at the North Pole ] Under the ice, one finds small crustaceans, shrimp, sea anemones and several species of fish, the most common being the Arctic cod. Marine mammals such as narwhals and other whales rarely venture so far north, though ring seals have been spotted o


What was the only part of the British Isles to be occupied by Germany in World War II?

SECRET World War II Jersey Channel Islands bunkers - YouTube SECRET World War II Jersey Channel Islands bunkers Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Jul 10, 2015 World War 2. The Channel Islands were occupied by Nazi Germany for most of the Second World War, between 30 June 1940 and their liberation on 9 May 1945. The Bailiwick of Jersey and Bailiwick of Guernsey are two British Crown dependencies in the English Channel, near the coast of Normandy. The Channel Islands were the only part of the British Isles to be invaded and occupied by German forces during the war. Category


What game is played on ice with large stones fitted with handles with the aim to place them as close as possible to a fixed mark called a tee?

Curling - Encyclopedia Curling GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES CURLING, a game in which the players throw large rounded stones upon a rink or channel of ice, towards a mark called the tee. Where the game originated is not precisely known; but it has been popular in Scotland for three centuries at least. Some writers, looking to the name and technical terms of the game, trace its invention to the Netherlands; thus "curl" may have been derived from the Ger. kurzweil, a game; "tee" from the Teutonic tighen, to point out; "bonspiel," a district curling competition, from the Belgic bonne, a district, and spel, play; the further supposition that "rink" is merely a modification of the Saxon hrink, a strong man, seems scarcely tenable. Curling is called "kuting" in some parts of Lanarkshire and Ayrshire, and very much resembles quoiting on the ice, so that the name may have some connexion with the Dutch coete, a quoit; while Cornelis Kiliaan (1528-1607) in his Teutonic Dictionary gives the term khuyten as meaning a pastime in which large globes of stone like the quoit or discus are thrown upon ice. Possibly some of the Flemish merchants who settled in Scotland towards the close of the 16th century may have brought the game to the country. Unfortunately, however, for the theory that assigns to it a far-away origin, we find no early mention of it in the literature of the continent; while Camden, when describing the Orkney Islands in 5607, tells us that one of them supplies "plenty of excellent stones for the game called curling"; and incidental references to it as a game played in Scotland are made by several authors during the first half of the same century. If the game be not indigenous to Scotland it certainly owes its development to that country, and in the course of time it has come to be the national sport. It was played at first with very' rude engines - random whin boulders fashioned by nature alone, or misshapen granite blocks, bored through to let in the thumb of the player, having been the primitive channel stones. In course of years the rough block was superseded by a symmetrical object usually made of whinstone or granite, beautifully rounded, brilliantly polished, and supplied with a convenient handle. Although curling boasts a literature of its own and songs innumerable, yet it has received but the scantiest notice from such important Scottish writers as Scott and Burns, or from contemporary literature in general. In 1834 an "Amateur Curling Club of Scotland" was formed, but this "mutual admiration amateur society came to nothing, as might be expected." Far more businesslike were the methods of the men who set afoot the "Grand Caledonian Curling Club," which began its existence on the r 5th of November 1838, and which, under its present title of "The Royal Caledonian Curling Club," is regarded in all parts of the world as the mother-club and legislative body, even in Canada, where, however, curling conditions differ widely from those of Scotland; devotion to the mother-club does not by any means imply submission. Starting with 28 allied clubs the Royal Club grew so rapidly that there were 500 such in 1880 and 720 in 1903. It was under the auspices of the Royal Caledonian that a body of Scottish curlers visited Canada and the United States in the winter of 1902-1903, and, while a slight margin of victory remained with the home players under their own climatic con ditions, the visit did much to bring together the lovers of the game on both sides of the Atlantic. The assumption of the title "Royal" in place of "Grand" was due to the visit of Queen Victoria and the prince consort to Scotland in 1842, on which occasion they were initiated into the mysteries of the game on the polished floor of the drawing-room in the Palace of Scone; and the prince consort, who was presented with a pair of curlingstones, consented to become patron of the club. On his death he was succeeded by the prince of Wales, who, as Edward VII., still continued his patronage. The Club's main duties are to further the interests of the game, to revise the laws and


Candela, Lumen, Lux: the equations Candela, Lumen, Lux: the equations You are here: Home > Articles > Electronics > Candela, Lumen, Lux Navigation: Candela, Lumen, Lux: the equations   Light is measured with different techniques, and therefore there is a handful of related, but different, units of measurements. This article gives a brief overview of the most widely used measures and presents a few equations for conversion of one measure into another. For convenience, a table with conversion calculators is at the bottom of this page. Optical radiation covers a broad spectrum, including infrared and ultraviolet light. For the sake of brevity, this article focuses on visible light (the field of photometry). Candela The candela (unit cd) has its origin in the brightness of a "standard candle", but it has received a more precise definition in the International System of Units (SI) —and at that time the unit was also renamed from "candle" to "candela". The candela measures the amount of light emitted in the range of a (three-dimensional) angular span. Since the luminous intensity is described in terms of an angle, the distance at which you measure this intensity is irrelevant. For ease of illustration, in the picture at the right the three dimensions have been flattened to two. In this picture, screen B would catch exactly the same amount of light rays (emitted from the light source) as screen A —provided that screen A were removed to not obscure screen B. This is because screen B covers the same angle as screen A. The angular span for candela is expressed in steradian, a measure without unit (like radian for angles in a two-dimensional space). One steradian on a sphere with a radius of one metre gives a surface of one m2. A full sphere measures \( 4\pi \) steradians. See the section on lux for the relation between candela and lux. Lumen If you look at LEDs, especially high-brightness LEDs, you may notice that the LEDs with a high luminous intensity (in candela or milli-candela, mcd) typically have a narrow apex angle . Similarly, LEDs with a wide apex angle typically have a relatively low luminous intensity. The same is true for halogen spots with reflector: those with a narrow-beam reflector have a higher rating in candela than the "floodlight" spots of the same power. The cause for this relation is the total energy produced by the LED. LEDs of a specific class (for example, "high flux") all produce roughly the same amount of luminous energy. However, when a LED emits its total energy in a beam with a narrow angle, the intensity will be greater (in the direction of that angle) than when the same energy had been emitted over a wide angle. The lumen (unit lm) gives the total luminous flux of a light source by multiplying the intensity (in candela) by the angular span over which the light is emitted. With the symbol \( \Phi_v \) for lumen, \( I_v \) for candela and \( \Omega \) for the angular span in steradian, the relation is: \[ \Phi_v = I_v \cdot \Omega \] If a light source is isotropic (meaning: uniform in all directions), \( \Phi_v = 4\pi\ I_v \). This is because a sphere measures \( 4\pi \) steradians. See the topic on apex angles to get the three-dimensional angular span \( \Omega \) from an opening angle. As a frame of reference, a standard 120V/60W light bulb is rated at 850 lm, and the equivalent 230V/60W light bulb is rated at 700 lm. A low voltage (12V) tungsten halogen lamp of 20W gives approximately 310 lm. Lux Lux (unit lx) is a measure of illumination of a surface. Light meters often measure lux values (or footcandles, but these are directly related: one footcandle is 10.764 lx). Formally, lux is a derived unit from lumen, which is a derived unit from candela. Yet, the concept of lux is more easily compared to candela than to lumen. The difference between lux and candela is that lux measures the illumination of a surface, instead of that of an angle. The net result is that the distance of that surface from the light source becomes an important factor: the more distant that the surface is from the light source,


"In the British version of ""The Apprentice"", which first went to air in February 2005, who do the contestants try to get a job with?"

The Apprentice (UK TV series) - The Full Wiki The Full Wiki More info on The Apprentice (UK TV series)   Wikis The Apprentice (UK TV series): Wikis          Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn't yet, but we're working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . Related top topics Top rankings for The Apprentice (UK TV series) 6th From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Apprentice Official website The Apprentice is a BAFTA award-winning British reality television series in which a group of aspiring young businessmen and women compete for the chance to win a £100,000-a-year job as " apprentice " to the British business magnate Alan Sugar, Baron Sugar . Winners have gone on to work at Amstrad , an electronics manufacturing company founded by Sugar (but since sold to BSkyB ), [2] [3] or one of Sugar's other companies, Viglen , [4] Amsprop [5] or Amshold. [6] The Apprentice, billed as a "job interview from hell", is very similar in format to the American series of the same name, which stars entrepreneur Donald Trump . [7] The first and second series aired on BBC Two in 2005 and 2006 respectively and the third series ran on BBC One in early 2007, [8] the success of which led the BBC to commission two more series. [9] The fourth series began in March 2008 and the fifth began in March 2009. A sixth series has been commissioned. The programme has spawned three spin-offs , The Apprentice: You're Fired! (a studio-based programme which acts as a companion to the regular series), plus celebrity versions for Comic Relief and Sport Relief . [10] [11] Occasional 60-minute special episodes, often concentrating on particular candidates and their stories, also air. [12] Apprentice-related merchandising includes a magazine, podcast , and official books. [12] [13] [14] The programme has led other production companies to produce shows that follow a similar format, including Tycoon and Beat the Boss . [15] [16] It has also been compared to another BBC series, Dragons' Den . [17] Contents Format Candidate selection Open auditions and interviews are held across the country before a series begins, [18] attracting thousands of applicants. [19] The first and second series featured 14 candidates, increased to 16 in the third and fourth. The fifth series was also meant to have 16 candidates, but went ahead with only 15 after a last-minute withdrawal. Tasks The successful candidates are split into two teams, initially by sex (as candidate numbers are whittled down, the composition of the teams is periodically rearranged). The teams are then given a series of business-themed tasks designed to test their skills in salesmanship, negotiation, requisitioning, leadership, teamwork and organisation, with each episode covering a single task. At the start of each episode, the teams each choose a project manager to act as the team leader for the duration of the task, [20] though in later episodes the project managers are sometimes nominated by Baron Sugar himself. The teams are followed in the execution of their tasks by Baron Sugar's advisers, Nick Hewer and Margaret Mountford . [21] Each team within the apprentice candidates will create theyre own team name and that team will remain for the rest of the series. Boardroom After completion of a task, the teams report back to the "boardroom", a studio mock-up of a real company boardroom. [22] Here Sir Alan, with the help of his advisers, reveals the results and discusses the teams' performance, exposing flaws in the candidates' strategies and personalities. Sugar, who is introduced in the programme as "Britain's most belligerent boss", [23] frequently delivers scathing criticisms couched in colourful language ("that was a total bloody disaster" ... "you haven't got a bloody clue" ... "I'll fire the whole bloody lot of you if I have to"). The team members are usually first asked to comment on the performance of their team leader, and the team leaders are asked how their team members performed. Sugar's assistants Moun


Malta: Marsamxett Harbour and Grand Harbour Cruise by Night Malta: Marsamxett Harbour and Grand Harbour Cruise by Night Malta: Marsamxett Harbour and Grand Harbour Cruise by Night Product ID: 24280 Spanish, French, German, Italian, Maltese, Russian Select date and participants: Enjoy a delightful night harbour cruise by a Maltese boat See 2 beautiful and famous harbours and 10 creeks See the amazing battlements and fortifications round the place Overview Cruise though two natural harbors, the Grand Harbour and the Marsamxett Harbour, and visit ten creeks, located at either side of the capital city of Valletta. Relax and enjoy the various breathtaking sights, including the Yacht Marina. What to Expect Enjoy an interesting and relaxing cruise through two natural harbors, the Marsamxett Harbour, and the famous Grand Harbour. Delight in the beauty of these harbors rich in history and traditional Maltese culture. On this tour, you will also visit ten of Malta's creeks. As you depart the Strand Sliema, you will cruise inside Sliema Creek, around Manoel Island to Lazzaretto Creek, better known as the Yacht Marina, round Ta'Xbiex to Msida & Pieta Creeks, cruising by the battlements and fortifications surrounding Valletta and Floriana to the Grand Harbour. Then, you will proceed to Menqa Creek, Marsa Creek, and the inner basin to see the Malta Ship Building Yard. You will continue on to the French Creek and the Dockyard Area, round the Three Cities Senglea, Cospicua, and Vittoriosa, and back to Sliema, cruising right inside 10 creeks. What's Included Transport from the Hotel to Sliema & Back Detailed Commentary on Board


"What does the French word ""croissant"" mean?"

Croissant - definition of croissant by The Free Dictionary Croissant - definition of croissant by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/croissant Also found in: Thesaurus , Acronyms , Wikipedia . crois·sant A rich, crescent-shaped roll of leavened dough or puff pastry. [French, from Old French creissant, croissant, crescent; see crescent.] croissant (Cookery) a flaky crescent-shaped bread roll made of a yeast dough similar to puff pastry [French, literally: crescent] (Fr. krwɑˈsɑ̃; Eng. krəˈsɑnt, kwɑ-) n., pl. -sants (Fr. -ˈsɑ̃; Eng. -ˈsɑnts) a crescent-shaped roll of rich, flaky pastry. [1895–1900; < French: literally, crescent ] ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend: bun , roll - small rounded bread either plain or sweet Translations [ˈkwæsɒŋ] N → croissant m, cruasán m, medialuna f (esp LAm) croissant [ˈkrwæsɒŋ] n → croissant m inv, cornetto croissant (ˈkrwaːs) noun a crescent-shaped bread roll. croissant رَغيف خُبْز شَبيه بِالهِلال кроасан croissant rohlík (francouzský), croissant das Croissant croissant κρουασάν croissant , cruasán croissant, võisarv نان شیرینی هلالی شکل voisarvi croissant קְרוֹאָסוֹן एक तरह की रोटी kroasan kifli roti berbentuk bulan sabit smjördeigshorn croissant , cornetto クロワッサン 크루아상 빵 ragelis radziņš croissant croissant horn rogalik هلالی شکله خوږه ډوډی croissant croissant круассан rožok rogljič kroasan giffel, croissant ขนมปังชนิดหนึ่งรูปร่างคล้ายพระจันทร์เสี้ยว tereyağlı ay çöreği 可頌麵包 круасан هلال ك‍ے شكل كى روٹ‍ي bánh sừng bò 羊角面包 Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: cook with the kids INGREDIENTS 4 large, day-old croissants 3 egg yolks 40g golden caster sugar 15g plain flour 2 tsp cornflour 200ml whole milk; 50ml single cream 1 tsp Nielsen-Massey vanilla bean paste Grated zest of half a lemon 15g flaked almonds Golden icing sugar for dusting METHOD | Whisk together egg yolks and sugar. THE EASIEST (IF NOT THE PRETTIEST) PUD IN THE WORLD Cette campagne vise a soutenir les efforts des etablissements publics de sante en vue de mettre en place des programmes de secours de proximite, en parfaite harmonie avec le plan strategique 2011-2015 du Croissant Rouge marocain et les orientations generales de la Federation internationale des societes de la Croix-Rouge et du Croissant-Rouge, dans le domaine de la sante. SAR la Princesse Lalla Malika preside la ceremonie de celebration de la journee mondiale de la Croix Rouge et du Croissant Rouge Mme Messoudi a rappele que le Croissant rouge etait present en Libye pendant le conflit en 2011 qui avait chasse du pouvoir le dirigeant Mouammar Kadhafi, tue durant sa capture, et que l'organisation avait conduit ses operations humanitaires en toute impartialite.


"What sport is featured in ""Chariots of Fire"", a 1981 film starring Ben Cross?"

Chariots of Fire (1981) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Two British track athletes, one a determined Jew and the other a devout Christian, compete in the 1924 Olympics. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 47 titles created 18 Aug 2011 a list of 35 titles created 25 Aug 2011 a list of 45 titles created 28 Feb 2013 a list of 39 titles created 09 Apr 2013 a list of 24 titles created 14 Jan 2015 Title: Chariots of Fire (1981) 7.2/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won     4     Oscars. Another    14 wins & 19 nominations. See more awards  » Videos In 20th-century colonial Kenya, a Danish baroness/plantation owner has a passionate love affair with a free-spirited big-game hunter. Director: Sydney Pollack The story of the final Emperor of China. Director: Bernardo Bertolucci The accidental death of the older son of an affluent family deeply strains the relationships among the bitter mother, the good-natured father, and the guilt-ridden younger son. Director: Robert Redford An old Jewish woman and her African-American chauffeur in the American South have a relationship that grows and improves over the years. Director: Bruce Beresford Follows hard-to-please Aurora looking for love and her daughter's family problems. Director: James L. Brooks Lt. John Dunbar, exiled to a remote western Civil War outpost, befriends wolves and Indians, making him an intolerable aberration in the military. Director: Kevin Costner Ted Kramer's wife leaves her husband, allowing for a lost bond to be rediscovered between Ted and his son, Billy. But a heated custody battle ensues over the divorced couple's son, deepening the wounds left by the separation. Director: Robert Benton The World War II phase of the career of the controversial American general, George S. Patton . Director: Franklin J. Schaffner A young Shakespeare, out of ideas and short of cash, meets his ideal woman and is inspired to write one of his most famous plays. Director: John Madden At the close of WWII, a young nurse tends to a badly-burned plane crash victim. His past is shown in flashbacks, revealing an involvement in a fateful love affair. Director: Anthony Minghella A pair of NYC cops in the Narcotics Bureau stumble onto a drug smuggling job with a French connection. Director: William Friedkin Gandhi's character is fully explained as a man of nonviolence. Through his patience, he is able to drive the British out of the subcontinent. And the stubborn nature of Jinnah and his commitment towards Pakistan is portrayed. Director: Richard Attenborough Edit Storyline It's the post-WWI era. Britons Harold Abrahams and Eric Liddell are both naturally gifted fast sprinters, but approach running and how it fits into their respective lives differently. The son of a Lithuanian-Jew, Harold, who lives a somewhat privileged life as a student at Cambridge, uses being the fastest to overcome what he sees as the obstacles he faces in life as a Jew despite that privilege. In his words to paraphrase an old adage, he is often invited to the trough, but isn't allowed to drink. His running prowess does earn him the respect of his classmates, especially his running teammates, and to some extent the school administration, if only he maintains what they consider proper gentlemanly decorum, which isn't always the case in their minds. Born in China the son of Christian missionaries, Eric, a Scot, is a devout member of the Church of Scotland who eventually wants to return to that missionary work. He sees running as a win-win in that the notoriety of being fast gives him... Written by Huggo See All (168)  » Taglines: This is the story of two men who run...not to run...but to prove something to the world. They will sacrifice anything to achieve their goals...Except their honor. See mo


What is the median of 1, 2, 2, 5, 9 and 17?

How to Find the Median Value How to Find the Median Value It's the middle of a sorted list of numbers. Median Value The Median is the "middle" of a sorted list of numbers. How to Find the Median Value To find the Median, place the numbers in value order and find the middle. Example: find the Median of 12, 3 and 5 Put them in order: The middle is 5, so the median is 5.   3, 13, 7, 5, 21, 23, 39, 23, 40, 23, 14, 12, 56, 23, 29   When we put those numbers in order we have: 3, 5, 7, 12, 13, 14, 21, 23, 23, 23, 23, 29, 39, 40, 56   There are fifteen numbers. Our middle is the eighth number: 3, 5, 7, 12,    13, 14, 21, 23, 23, 23, 23, 29,    39, 40, 56   The median value of this set of numbers is 23.   (It doesn't matter that some numbers are the same in the list.) Two Numbers in the Middle BUT, with an even amount of numbers things are  slightly different. In that case we find the middle   pair of numbers, and then find the value that is half  way between them. This is easily done by adding them together  and dividing by two. Example: 3, 13,  7, 5, 21, 23, 23, 40, 23, 14, 12, 56, 23, 29   When we put those numbers in order we have: 3, 5, 7, 12, 13, 14, 21, 23, 23, 23, 23, 29, 40, 56   There are now fourteen numbers and so we don't have just one middle number, we have a pair of middle numbers: 3, 5, 7, 12, 13, 14, 21, 23, 23, 23, 23, 29, 40, 56   In this example the middle numbers are 21 and 23. To find the value halfway between them, add them together and  divide by 2: 21 + 23 = 44 So the Median in this example is 22.   (Note that 22 was not in the list of numbers ... but that is OK because half the numbers in the list are less, and half the numbers are greater.) Your Turn Where is the Middle? A quick way to find the middle: count how many numbers, add 1 then divide by 2 Example: There are 45 numbers 45 plus 1 is 46, then divide by 2 and we get 23 So the median is the 23rd number in the sorted list. Example: There are 66 numbers 66 plus 1 is 67, then divide by 2 and we get 33.5 33 and a half? That means that the 33rd and 34th numbers in the sorted list are the two middle numbers. So to find the median: add the 33rd and 34th numbers together and   divide by 2.


Gun vs. Cannon vs. Howitzer - The Firing Line - World of Tanks official forum World of Tanks official forum Gun vs. Cannon vs. Howitzer Started by k9catforce, Nov 15 2012 - 06:50 37 replies to this topic k9catforce #1 Posted Nov 15 2012 - 06:50 Major Member since: 02-20-2011 Basically, what is the difference between a gun, a cannon, and a howitzer? From my flight sim days, I know that a gun shoots non-explosive bullets, while a cannon shoots explosive rounds; but where does a howitzer fit in? And what is a gun/cannon considered if it fires both AP and HE? Genesis0071 #2 Posted Nov 15 2012 - 06:53 Captain The_Chieftain #3 Posted Nov 15 2012 - 06:57 Military Specialist Genesis0071, on Nov 15 2012 - 06:53, said: Gun Dear God, no, that's a pistol. There's a reason this is called a Gun Motor Carriage The main difference between a gun and a howitzer is traditionally the arc of the round. Cannon can refer to the barrel/breech assembly of either a gun or a howitzer. I guess theoretically a cannon can be either a gun or a howitzer depending on the mount. It's 1am, if nobody else answers this before me in more detail, I'll be back tomorrow. Otto_von_Boris #4 Posted Nov 15 2012 - 06:58 First lieutenant 07-22-2011 Howitzer has a low shell velocity and fires with a arc. Anti-tank guns are the other types of guns on tanks. They fire with a low arc and have a high velocity. Edited by Otto_von_Boris, Nov 15 2012 - 07:01. Genesis0071 #5 Posted Nov 15 2012 - 07:03 Captain Member since: 03-22-2011 To be a little more constructive, I can't speak for current day weapons but a cannon is a direct fire weapon where as a howitzer I think is used more like a mortar for firing over things. AlteredCarbon #6 Posted Nov 15 2012 - 07:04 Staff sergeant 04-02-2011 k9catforce, on Nov 15 2012 - 06:50, said: Basically, what is the difference between a gun, a cannon, and a howitzer? From my flight sim days, I know that a gun shoots non-explosive bullets, while a cannon shoots explosive rounds; but where does a howitzer fit in? And what is a gun/cannon considered if it fires both AP and HE? Lifted entirely from Wikipedia: Spoiler                      In military use, the term "gun" refers primarily to direct fire weapons that capitalize on their muzzle velocity for penetration or range. In modern parlance, these weapons are breech-loaded and built primarily for long range fire with a low or almost flat ballistic arc. A variation is the howitzer or gun-howitzer designed to offer the ability to fire both low or high-angle ballistic arcs. In this use, example guns include naval guns. A less strict application of the word is to identify one artillery weapon system or non-machine gun projectile armament on aircraft. The word cannon is retained in some cases for the actual gun tube but not the weapon system. The title gunner is applied to the member of the team charged with operating, aiming, and firing a gun. The English word howitzer originates ultimately from the Czech word houfnice.[1][2][3] Czech houfnice is derived, through the addition of the suffix -nice, from the word houf, "crowd", suggesting the cannon's use against massed enemies,[4][5] and houf is in turn a borrowing from the Middle High German word Hūfe or Houfe (modern German Haufen), meaning "heap". Haufen, sometimes in the compound Gewalthaufen, also designated a pike square formation in German.[citation needed] In the Hussite Wars of the 1420s and 1430s, the Czechs used short barreled houfnice cannons[6] to fire at short distances into such crowds of infantry, or into charging heavy cavalry, to make horses shy away.[7] The word was rendered into German as aufeniz in the earliest attested use in a document dating from 1440; later German renderings include Haussnitz and, eventually Haubitze, from which derive the Scandinavian haubits, Finnish haupitsi, Polish haubica, Russian gaubitsa, Italian obice, Spanish obús, Portuguese obus, French obusier and the Dutch word houwitser, which led to the English word howitzer . Since the First World War, the word howitzer has been increasingly used to describe


The migration of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to the city of Medina in 622, which marked year one of the Islamic calendar, was known as what?

Muhammad completes Hegira - Sep 24, 622 - HISTORY.com Muhammad completes Hegira Publisher A+E Networks On this day in 622, the prophet Muhammad completes his Hegira, or “flight,” from Mecca to Medina to escape persecution. In Medina, Muhammad set about building the followers of his religion–Islam–into an organized community and Arabian power. The Hegira would later mark the beginning (year 1) of the Muslim calendar. Muhammad, one of the most influential religious and political leaders in history, was born in Mecca around 570. His father died before he was born, and Muhammad was put under the care of his grandfather, head of the prestigious Hashim clan. His mother died when he was six, and his grandfather when he was eight, leaving him under the care of his uncle Abu Talib, the new head of the clan. When he was 25, Muhammad married a wealthy widow 15 years his senior. He lived the next 15 years as a merchant, and his wife gave birth to six children: two sons, who died in childhood, and four daughters. From time to time, Muhammad spent nights in a cave in Mount Hira north of Mecca, ruminating on the social ills of the city. Around 610, he had a vision in the cave in which he heard the voice of a majestic being, later identified as the angel Gabriel, say to him, “You are the Messenger of God.” Thus began a lifetime of religious revelations, which he and others collected as the Qur’an, or Koran. Muhammad regarded himself as the last prophet of the Judaic-Christian tradition, and he adopted aspects of these older religions’ theologies while introducing new doctrines. Muhammad’s monotheistic religion came to be called Islam, meaning “surrender [to God],” and its followers were Muslims, meaning “those who have surrendered.” His inspired teachings would bring unity to the Arabian peninsula, an event that had sweeping consequences for the rest of the world. By 615, Muhammad had gained about 100 converts in Mecca. He spoke out against rich merchants, who he criticized as immoral in their greed, and he denounced the worshipping of idols and multiple gods, saying, “There is no god but God.” City leaders became hostile to him, and in 619 his uncle Abu Talib died and was succeeded as head of the Hashim clan by another one of Muhammad’s uncles, Abu Lahib. Abu Lahib refused to protect Muhammad, and persecution of the prophet and his Muslims increased. In the summer of 621, an entourage of 12 men came to Mecca from Medina, an oasis community 200 miles to the north. They were ostensibly making a pilgrimage to Mecca’s pagan shrines, but they had actually come to meet with Muhammad and profess themselves as Muslims. In 622, a larger group of converts from Medina came to Mecca and took an oath to Muhammad to defend him as their own kin. Muhammad immediately encouraged his Meccan followers to make their way to Medina in small groups. When city authorities learned that the Muslims had begun an exodus, they plotted to have the prophet killed. Under this threat, Muhammad slipped away unnoticed with a chief disciple and made his way to Medina, using unfrequented paths. He completed the celebrated Hegira (Hijrah in uncorrupted Arabic) on September 24, 622. The history of Islam had begun. At Medina, Muhammad built a theocratic state and led raids on trading caravans from Mecca. Attempts by Meccan armies to defeat the Muslim forces failed, and several leading Meccans immigrated to Medina and became Muslims. Muhammad later become more conciliatory to Mecca, and in 629 he was allowed to lead a pilgrimage there in exchange for a peace treaty. Shortly after, he was attacked by allies of the Meccans, and Muhammad denounced the treaty. In January 630, he returned to his birthplace with 10,000 men, and the Meccans swore allegiance to its Muslim conquerors. He was now the strongest man in Arabia. During the next few years, most of the peninsula’s disparate Arab tribes came to him to ask for alliance and to convert to his religion. By his death, on June 8, 632, Muhammad was the effective ruler of most of Arabia, and his rapidly growing empire was poised for


Which King of Macedon created one of the largest empires in ancient history between 336 and 323BC, including most of the city-states of mainland Greece and the (then) Persian-ruled Asia Minor?

People – Ancient Greece: Alexander The Great People – Ancient Greece: Alexander The Great    People – Ancient Greece: Alexander The Great (20/21 July 356 – 10/11 June 323 BC) Ancient Greek king of Macedon, who reigned during 336-323 BC. Alexander the Great in Wikipeida   Alexander III of Macedon (20/21 July 356 – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great (Greek: Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος, Mégas Aléxandros), was a Greek king of Macedon. He is the most celebrated member of the Argead Dynasty and created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Born in Pella in 356 BC, Alexander was tutored by the famed philosopher Aristotle. In 336 BC he succeeded his father Philip II of Macedon to the throne after he was assassinated. Philip had brought most of the city-states of mainland Greece under Macedonian hegemony, using both military and diplomatic means. Upon Philip’s death, Alexander inherited a strong kingdom and an experienced army. He succeeded in being awarded the generalship of Greece and, with his authority firmly established, launched the military plans for expansion left by his father. In 334 BC he invaded Persian-ruled Asia Minor and began a series of campaigns lasting ten years. Alexander broke the power of Persia in a series of decisive battles, most notably the battles of Issus and Gaugamela. Subsequently he overthrew the Persian king Darius III and conquered the entirety of the Persian Empire.ii[›] The Macedonian Empire now stretched from the Adriatic sea to the Indus river. Following his desire to reach the “ends of the world and the Great Outer Sea”, he invaded India in 326 BC, but was eventually forced to turn back by the near-mutiny of his troops. Alexander died in Babylon in 323 BC, before realizing a series of planned campaigns that would have begun with an invasion of Arabia. In the years following Alexander’s death a series of civil wars tore his empire apart which resulted in the formation of a number of states ruled by the Diadochi – Alexander’s surviving generals. Although he is mostly remembered for his vast conquests, Alexander’s lasting legacy was not his reign, but the cultural diffusion his conquests engendered. Alexander’s settlement of Greek colonists and culture in the east resulted in a new Hellenistic culture, aspects of which were still evident in the traditions of the Byzantine Empire until the mid-15th century. Alexander became legendary as a classical hero in the mold of Achilles, and features prominently in the history and myth of Greek and non-Greek cultures. He became the measure against which generals, even to this day, compare themselves; military academies throughout the world still teach his tactical exploits.[1] iii[›] Early life Lineage and childhood Alexander was born on 20 (or 21) July 356 BC,[3][4] in Pella, the capital of the Kingdom of Macedon. He was the son of Philip II, the King of Macedon. His mother was Philip’s fourth wife Olympias, the daughter of Neoptolemus I, the king of the northern Greek state of Epirus.[2][5][6][7] Although Philip had either seven or eight wives, Olympias was his principal wife for a time. As a member of the Argead dynasty, Alexander claimed patrilineal descent from Heracles through Caranus of Macedon.v[›] From his mother’s side and the Aeacids, he claimed descent from Neoptolemus, son of Achilles;vi[›] Alexander was a second cousin of the celebrated general Pyrrhus of Epirus, who was ranked by Hannibal as, depending on the source, either the best[8] or second-best (after Alexander)[9] commander the world had ever seen. According to the ancient Greek historian Plutarch, Olympias, on the eve of the consummation of her marriage to Philip, dreamed that her womb was struck by a thunder bolt, causing a flame that spread “far and wide” before dying away. Some time after the wedding, Philip was said to have seen himself, in a dream, sealing up his wife’s womb with a seal upon which was engraved the image of a lion.[2] Plutarch offers a variety of interpretations of these dreams: that Olympia was pregnant before her marriage, indicated by the