Oscar Hammerstein mentored which librettist, who wrote the lyrics to 'West Side Story'?

Stephen Sondheim: My 'West Side Story' Lyrics Are 'Embarrassing' - ABC News ABC News Stephen Sondheim: My 'West Side Story' Lyrics Are 'Embarrassing' By JOHN BERMAN Stephen Sondheim finds the music from "West Side Story," one of the most revered musicals of all time, downright "embarrassing." And he should know. He wrote the lyrics. "It embarrasses me," he said. "It's very hard for me to listen to some of those songs." Only a man who has won eight Tony Awards, two Grammys, a Pulitzer Prize and an Oscar could get away with saying something like that. That man is the 80-year-old composer-lyricist, Stephen Sondheim. He is a true Broadway legend. Most theater buffs have heard (or sung) at least one of Sondheim's most famous scores, which include, "Sweeney Todd," "A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum," "Into the Woods," "Company," "Sunday in the Park with George," "Assassins" and "Follies." He also wrote the lyrics for "Gypsy" and then, of course, "West Side Story." There's even a Broadway theater named after him. Earlier this year, the Henry Miller Theater on West 43rd Street in New York City became the Stephen Sondheim Theater, another event in his career that the composer was somewhat uncomfortable with. "Embarrassing. Thrilling but embarrassing," Sondheim said. "First of all, I've never been fond of my name. 'Sondheim' ... doesn't sing." Then, of course, there have been constant celebrations, honors, birthday tributes and praises from Sondheim's other prestigious colleagues, including actress Bernadette Peters, who called him "a walking, living icon." Again, the great composer blushed. "It's really nice, but it's also embarrassing," Sondheim said. "My tendency, my desire is 'leave me alone, just let me ride.'" Then he added about watching his life's work unfold: "What's great about standing in the back of the theater while the show is going on is if the audience doesn't like it, you can go to the bar right next door and have a drink." Sondheim: 'When I Write Words, I'm Very Careful' A new world of publicity has opened up for Sondheim. He is now an author, having just finished his first book, "Finishing the Hat." It's a collection of his lyrics and memories of a Broadway career that has spanned more than 50 years. The trick, he said, to producing such rich material is lying down on his couch. "I think I like writing lying down because I like to fall asleep in the middle," he said. He is meticulous in the way he works, writing only with soft, Blackwing pencils -- a brand that went out of production for years, so he bought a lifetime supply. "Luckily, when they were in their heyday, I bought boxes and cartons of them because they wear out so quickly." He also is scrupulous in how he produces his craft. "When I write words, I'm very careful," he said. "When you write lyrics, there are so few lyrics in the song, so few words ... in a lyric that each one has enormous weight. You know, a line in a song is like a scene in a play." There's more to his enormous musical success than just lying on his couch and using a special kind of pencil. Sondheim was taken under the wing of another impressive Broadway legend, Oscar Hammerstein, who was like a surrogate father to Sondheim in his teenage years. "One of the things I learned early on about theater and all art is art needs surprise, otherwise it doesn't hold an audience's attention," Sondheim said. "Theater needs surprise, so I like to surprise myself and I want to surprise the audience." He has been full of surprises. "Company," which opened on Broadway in 1970, was the first musical without a defined, linear plot. "Sweeney Todd" debuted on Broadway in 1979 and featured the "Demon Barber of Fleet Street," while, on a sweeter note, the 1987 Broadway production of "Into the Woods" was a delightful romp through children's fairy tales about what really happens after "happily ever after." Despite his massive success, Sondheim also has been met with fierce critics over the decades, many of whom have said his music is too cold, impersonal, difficult to sing and lacks mass appeal.


The Campsie Fells lie to the north of which Scottish city?

Campsie Fells | VisitScotland Check Availability Terms & Conditions This booking system and any information appearing on this page relating to the availability of any accommodation is provided by third parties and not by VisitScotland. It is intended to provide real time availability information relating to accommodation which is also provided by third parties. You may use this booking system to place direct bookings with third party accommodation providers. Any booking you make will not be placed with VisitScotland and we will have no liability to you in respect of any booking. If you proceed to make a booking you will leave our Website and visit a website owned and operated by a third party. VisitScotland does not have any control over the content or availability of any external website. This booking system and any information appearing on this page is provided for your information and convenience only and is not intended to be an endorsement by VisitScotland of the content of such linked websites, the quality of any accommodation listed, or of the services of any third party. Campsie Fells Hills & Mountains The Campsie Fells are a range of volcanic hills in central Scotland to the north of Glasgow. The Campsie Fells are a range of gently rolling hills in central Scotland set just 19km north of the city of Glasgow. A popular area for walking, the highest point of the range is Earl’s Seat which rises to 578m.   Over time, erosion has revealed geological evidence of 30 lava flows that date back to the Carboniferous period over 300 million years ago along what is now known as the Campsie Fault. Visitors are also attracted to the area for whisky distillation with the Glengoyne single malt distillery sitting at the foot of the fells just west of Dumgoyne hill, a prominent landmark of the Campsie fells. Also nearby runs part of the West Highland Way from Milngavie to Fort William, along the Carbeth to Drymen stretch.


Which city would have been renamed 'Germania' if the Nazis had won World War 2?

What If Nazi Germany Won World War II? Fictional & Historical Scenarios - Brilliant Maps Brilliant Maps What If Nazi Germany Won World War II? Fictional & Historical Scenarios January 19, 2015 119 Comments How close Nazi Germany came to dominating Europe. Map by Morgan Hauser via Wikimedia What if Hitler and the Nazis had won World War II? This is perhaps the greatest historical ‘what if’ of all time. The map above shows just how close they came. This has led both novelists and historians to speculate about might have happened if Germany had won the war and how they might have done so. Below we’ll look at a few fictional scenarios (with maps) where they do win and what that means for the rest of the world. This will be followed by some historical speculation about whether or not Germany really could have won. Ultimately, it was only Hitler’s dual blunders of first invading the Soviet Union and then declaring war on the United States that led to his downfall. The citizens of the Soviet Union in particular were the ones who paid the heaviest price for Hitler’s ambitions and for the allies’ victory. If not for their dogged determination and sacrifice in the face of odds uncounted, Hitler may well have been victorious. So what is it about the Germans winning World War Two in particular that holds such an extreme fascination for us today? Many other wars throughout history have had dramatic turning points that rival those of the Second World War. Yet, it’s the prospect of a Nazi victory that fascinates (and horrifies) us. I think there are two reasons why this is the case. The first is rather obvious: World War Two was the largest and mostly costly war in all human history. It was the last war to see large-scale fighting in Europe and while it ended over 70 years ago, it is still within living memory of a not insignificant portion of the population; in a way that the Napoleonic Wars, US Civil War and World War One are not. Secondly, and in my opinion much more importantly, World War Two is perhaps the only war in history where there are clear good and bad guys. Most wars by their very nature tend to be morally ambiguous. However, The Holocaust means that World War Two can’t be seen in the same light. While the Allies did commit war crimes , these can in no way compare to the attempt of Nazi Germany to exterminate an entire race of people. If Germany had won the war, there can be little doubt what would have happened to the Jews and other “undesirables,” who had the misfortune of finding themselves inside the borders of the Greater German Reich. So what would the world look like after a German victory? While it’s of course impossible to say for certain, that hasn’t stopped writers from speculating. Below are three maps, from three different books, representing three fictional scenarios where Germany does win the war. The Man in the High Castle The Man in the High Castle’s World in 1962 The Man in the High Castle by Philip K. Dick is one of the first alternate history novels to look at an Axis victory in World War Two. Written in 1962, it’s set in a fictional 1962 where Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy and Imperial Japan have won the war and more or less divided the world between themselves (see map above). The divergence from our timeline happens in 1934 when FDR is shot. Without him, the US fails to get out of the Great Depression and fails to mobilize for war. Thus, the Nazis are able to defeat the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union, while Japan is able to defeat the United States. The World is divided into 2 blocks, in a cold war type situation. The Greater German Reich (and occupied countries) with its ally the Italian Empire vs. the Empire of Japan (which includes the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere). The former United States is divided between the Japanese puppet Pacific States of America, the Rocky Mountain States and a Nazi puppet state of the United States of America. Bizarrely, it seems Canada has managed to avoid occupation, despite being part of the British Empire and being actively at war with Nazi Germany righ


Which Royal Naval vessel was the subject of the Yangtze Incident in 1949?

The 1949 Yangtze Incedent Cover Up COVER UP   To-day in this present day and age 2009 as we approach   the 60th anniversary of the 1949 Yangtze Incident, a   ships-compliment that was involved in that now known as the 1949 Yangtze   Campaign, has still never been recognised in the British Award system for   the part they and the ship H.M.S. CONCORD, played when ordered to go to the   assistance of H.M.S. Amethyst, in a ï¿½civil war zoneï¿½ within Chinas,   territorial waters, 30th and 31st July 1949. Within the Churchill Archives Centre, Cambridge under Reference; GBR/0014/DKNS   there are 5 boxes Papers and naval signals concerning the ï¿½Amethyst   Incidentï¿½ and the writings of Rear Admiral Sir David Scott. The collection   was deposited at the Churchill Archives Centre by the Rear Admiral, in July   1992, September 2002, and in June 2003. The files arranged in two sub-fonds due to their apparent creation and who   they were created by. DKNS I all relate to the ï¿½Amethyst Incidentï¿½ and DKNS   II were all written by David Scott. Here I add the fact that the collection   has been catalogued and copies of the catalogue are available at the   Churchill Archives Centre, At the Historical Manuscripts Commission and on   the Janus, website. The files within DKNS I, relating to the ï¿½Amethyst   Incidentï¿½ are the naval signals that were towing and fro-wing from the   C-in-C, Far East Station, on-board H.M.S. Belfast, to H.M.S. Concord and   H.M.S. Amethyst, on the 30th and 31st July 1949.  Also   among those papers there is the telegram that was sent by H.B.M. Ambassador,   Sir Ralph Stevenson, G.C.M.G., Stationed at the British Embassy, Nanking, to   the following sources on the 31st July 1949; The Foreign Office,   the C-in-C, Far East Station, Singapore, Hong Kong, Shanghai Embassy Office,   and Canton. The first item listed on that telegram for its terms therein I   now quote; * ï¿½(a) No repeat no publicity should be given to the fact that   H.M. Ship Concord entered Chinese territorial waters.ï¿½* Unquote. Rear Admiral, Sir David Scott, K.B.E. CB., who was   (born 5th April 1921) and was, at the time of the 1949 ï¿½Amethyst   Incidentï¿½ Flag-Lieutenant to the Commander-in-Chief of the Far East Station,   Admiral Sir Patrick Brind, K.C.B. CBE.   Scott was later Chief of Staff to   Flag Officer Submarines and Chief of the British Navy Staff in Washington   D.C. He then held the post of Deputy Controller (Polaris) 1973 ï¿½ 1976 and   from 1976 until his retirement in 1980 he was Chief Polaris Executive KBE,   CB. He died in January 2006. In my opinion when Rear Admiral Sir David Scott, in   July 1992, September 2002 and June 2003 was depositing his collection of   papers and naval signals within the Churchill Archives Centre, he was   planting the irrefutable evidence that was and is capable of blowing away   and putting paid to the ï¿½OPERATION MINCEMEATï¿½ type job that was made   applicable to cover up the wrongful acts and omission that caused and   brought about the 1949 Yangtze Incident in the first instance.  ************************************************ After the incident occurred on Chinas,   Yangtze River, 20th April 1949, six days later on the 26th April 1949 Britainï¿½s, then Prime Minister, Mr Clement Attlee, made a   statement within the House of Commons, concerning the incident, from that   statement I now quote * ï¿½ It has been repeatedly stated in this House that   our policy has been governed by the Moscow Declaration of December 1945, in   which the United Kingdom, the United States and the Soviet Union declared a   policy of  non-intervention in Chinaï¿½s internal affairs.   In view of the   considerable British interests in China and of the presence of large British   communities, His Majestyï¿½s Government decided some months ago that His   Majestyï¿½s Ambassador and His Majestyï¿½s Consular Officers in China should   remain at their posts and the F


In 1960 the first laser used which crystal as its lens, perhaps after 40 years of trying?

Lasers in Urology: Background, History of the Procedure, Pathophysiology History of the Procedure Overview Background Shortly after their development, lasers were referred to as a solution eagerly looking for a problem. Nevertheless, lasers progressed rapidly as an omnipresent part of modern technology and procedural medicine. Advances in lasers and fiberoptics have made them ideally suited to travel through routes in the human body where no hand or scalpel has gone before. With its widespread use of small-diameter endoscopic instruments, urology has been drastically and positively influenced by this technology, perhaps more so than any other medical subspecialty. Next: History of the Procedure Laser is an acronym that stands for light amplification by the stimulated emission of radiation. Albert Einstein proposed the concept of stimulated emission of radiation in 1917. Not until 1960, however, was this theory put to use by T.H. Maimen to produce the first visible light laser. He used a synthetic ruby crystal with silver-coated ends surrounded by a flash tube to produce light energy. In 1966, Parsons, using a similar ruby laser in a pulsed mode, was the first urologist to experiment with laser light in canine bladders. Mulvany attempted to fragment urinary calculi 2 years later, again using the ruby laser. Subsequently, researchers tested many new substrates or lasing materials, leading to diversity in their clinical application. Laser physics Einstein used 2 principles of physics as the basis for his discovery: (1) Light travels in packets of energy known as photons, and (2) most atoms or molecules exist naturally in a ground or low-energy state (E0). However, a small percentage of atoms naturally exists at any given time at a higher, discrete energy level (E1, E2, En). By adding electricity, heat, or light energy to atoms in their ground state, their energy level can be raised. The energy is then released spontaneously in the form of photons or electromagnetic (EM) waves to return to the ground state. Einstein also discovered that, when a photon of light energy of the same wavelength strikes an excited atom (En), that photon and the photon of light that is released are discharged simultaneously and will therefore be identical in frequency and phase. This is the concept of stimulated emission used in the creation of a laser. Atoms in their ground state undergo absorption of photons of light energy. For stimulated emission to occur, more atoms must exist in the excited state than in the ground state, a situation known as a population inversion. Energy must be supplied to this population. In a laser, the energy source is usually electric or flashlamp driven. The populations of atoms or molecules that become excited are the lasing medium. Anatomy of a laser The lasing medium exists between 2 mirrors for light amplification to occur; one is fully reflective and the other only partially reflective. Once the lasing medium at the core is excited by a pumping mechanism that supplies energy, a population inversion occurs. Some photons are emitted spontaneously from the excited atoms or molecules that cause light to travel in all directions within the laser cavity. The light that is directed perfectly parallel to the laser cavity is reflected back and forth between the 2 mirrors at their ends. These photons become amplified by collisions with excited atoms in the lasing medium that then release photons in exactly the same direction, phase, and wavelength. The partially reflective mirror at one end has an aperture through which the amplified light exits as a laser beam. The 3 characteristics mentioned above differentiate laser light from natural light. These include coherence (the photons are all in phase), collimation (they travel parallel with no divergence), and monochromaticity (they all have the same wavelength and, therefore, the same color if within the visible light spectrum). Different lasing mediums (which can be solid, liquid, or gas) emit photons in different wavelengths of the EM spectrum. This is at least partly resp


Which Victorian Field Marshall's name has become a by-word for efficiency?

British Baby Names: Historical Name Commentary Historical Name Commentary 'Twas Ever Thus: Victorian Hero Names   The following article appeared in the Dundee Evening Telegraph on Thursday 11 June, 1885, concerning the use of hero-names for Victorian children.         During the Russian war Raglan and Arnand (sic) became numbered among English Christian names ; so did Garibaldi at the times of that hero's prominence. When the struggle was going on at Plevna, Osman was often given to our children ; and Suleiman appeared as a British praenomen about the same time.  Later still the appellations of Sir Garnet and sometimes Garnet Wolseley have commemorated in the the registers the prowess of the living British General.  But neither is the heroism of the past entirely forgotten in naming, for the writer has met with the registered appellations Alcibiades, Julius Caesar, Boadicea, William the Conqueror, Richard Coeur de Lion, Peter the Great &c. ~ The desired qualities may have been exhibited in the lives of religious characters, and here, perhaps, the past is more resorted to that the present. The following may all be found in English registers of recent years : — Simon Peter, Jos. Arimathaea, Tabitha, Cyprian, Martin Luther, Melancthon, John Bunyan, Selwyn, and Morley Punshon. Luther has been a good deal used in England since the recent four hundredth anniversary of the reformer's birth.                                                                            Dundee Evening Telegraph 'Twas Ever Thus: Late Victorian Fashionable Girls' Names The following article, entitled Female Names, appeared in the Newcastle Courant on Saturday 24 September 1892. It was cited from "The Globe."  Of particular interest in this article is the perceptions that many names had at that time: Ann is severe, Anne is lovable, Anna is pretentious, Hannah is low-class, Annie is fashionable but frivolous. Harriet was once an aristocratic name, but gradually permeated the masses to become a byword for a working class Cockney woman . On the other hand, a servant given the highfalutin' name Gladys was incongruous.   Oh, and (much to my amusement) etymologists are "troublesome" folks.        To begin in alphabetical order. Ada strikes one as an essentially modern name, a names certainly much commoner now that fifty years ago ; it is suggestive of girls with golden curls, and seems altogether reminiscent of music-hall ditties ; yet clap an h on to its last letter, and it becomes one of the most ancient of names.  Except Eve, Adah is the first woman mentioned in the Bible. It is curious that her co-wife, Zillah, has not been nearly so popular as a name-giver. Here, however, we forsee that one of those troublesome folks, called etymologists, may assert, that the modern Ada is derived from Adelaide, Adelina and Adela — words in German signifying nobility — and that the resemblance between this Ada and the Scriptural Adah is merely accidental.    Let us return to a much commoner name. Ann, deprived for the final e, has a severe, almost forbidding aspect. Anne, somehow, seems much more loveable. It will be remembered that when Pope wished to clothe with additional dignity Her late Majesty of that name, he called her Anna—  Here, though, great Anna! whom three realms obey Dost sometimes counsel take, and sometimes tea.    Here again, if we prefix and add an aspirate, a marvellous metamorphosis takes place. Anna sounds aristocratic not to say pretentious, Hannah, despite her honourable status as the mother of the Prophet Samuel, to modern ears suggests a hard-working woman with muscular arms; who is "all there" at window-cleaning or the wash-tub.  As for Annie, it is all very well when conferred as a pet name by friends and kinsfolk, but life is too serious for a woman to use only a diminutive as her baptismal name. Yet fashion nowadays runs in that direction, and more babies probably are christened Annie than Anne.  Concerning Augusta, we will only say that there is something about the second syllable (still worse when shortened to Gussy or Gusta) which makes i


Which ITV company made the World In Action current affairs programme?

World in Action -   iTV Shows Open Don't have an account? Sign up Log in Forgot you password? Reset password World in Action at on 1996 Seasons                   | 79 Episodes | Documentary, Special Interest | 1963 World in Action was a British investigative current affairs programme made by Granada Television from 1963 until 1998. Its campaigning journalism frequently had a major impact on events of the day. Its production teams often took audacious risks and gained a solid reputation for its often unorthodox, some said left-wing, approach. Cabinet ministers fell victim to its probings. Numerous innocent victims of the British criminal justice system, including the Birmingham Six, were released from jail. Honouring the programme in its fiftieth anniversary awards, the Political Studies Association, said: "World in Action thrived on unveiling corruption and highlighting underhand dealings. World in Action came to be seen as hard-hitting investigative journalism at its best."


What type of clamp would an engineer use to hold an object with radial symmetry?

GrabCAD by chintan patel A chuck is a specialized type of clamp used to hold an object, usually an object with radial symmetry, especially a cylindrical object. It is most commonly used to hold a rotating tool (such as the drill bit in a power tool) or a rotating work-piece.


In 1901 who became the last non-league winners of the FA Cup?

Greatest FA Cup Shock? Non-League Tottenham Win 1901 FA Cup Greatest FA Cup Shock? Non-League Tottenham Win 1901 FA Cup Comment Tottenham Hotspur – 1901 FA Cup Winners Tottenham won the 1901 FA Cup while a member of the Southern League, defeating clubs from the Football League in all but one of the ties to complete the biggest FA Cup shock ever. Bradford City’s qualification for the Capital One Cup final is approaching those proportions such is the gulf in financial standings between the Premier League and League 2 clubs. Congratulations to Bradford and may they go on to complete the task at Wembley against Swansea City. Tottenham’s 1901 FA Cup Win Tottenham’s 1901 FA Cup success saw them become the only non-League club since the foundation of the Football League in 1888, ever to achieve this honour. Spurs were competing in the Southern League but they overcame League opposition in true ‘giant-killer’ style to win their first FA Cup trophy. It was to be the first of Tottenham’s eight FA Cup wins . 1901 FA Cup Final (Replay) Tottenham Hotspur 3 Sheffield United 1 Non-League Spurs Triumphant It had been less than nineteen years earlier that a group of schoolboys who played cricket in the summer had decided to form a football team to keep themselves active during the winter months. Never in their wildest dreams could they have imagined that their team would make such progress in so a short period of time. From their humble beginnings in 1882 Spurs’ early football was a mix of friendly games and Cup competitions around London and the south as they maintained their amateur status. The Football League was formed in 1888 and was the preserve of teams from the Midlands and the north of England. In an effort to improve the standard of football in the south, the Southern League was formed and having turned professional, Spurs joined it in 1896. Tottenham quickly established themselves in the 1st Division of the Southern League and won it in their fourth season, 1899-00. It was as Champions of the Southern League that Spurs entered the FA Cup in 1901. Road to the Final 1st Round v Preston North End (h) Draw 1 – 1  Brown In 1901, the 1st Round was the equivalent of today’s 3rd Round but the match wasn’t played until early February due to the death of Queen Victoria. Spurs were defending Southern League Champions and their first opponents were the might of the 1st Division, Preston North End, the team they had so admired that they had adopted their colours two seasons previously and who had defeated them in the same round a year earlier. Having lost at Preston the previous year, Spurs were hoping for revenge but when the visitors took the lead midway through the first half the prospects were not looking good. Spurs increased the pressure in the second half but the Preston goalkeeper played exceptionally well to deny them until nine minutes from time when Sandy Brown equalised. 1st Round (Replay) v Preston North End (a) Won 4 – 2  Brown (3), Cameron The return of inside forward David Copeland, the previous season’s inspiration, from long term injury just prior to the first game, had been a great boost to the team and they set out for the replay at Preston with another injured player returning, captain John Jones. In the replay Spurs looked a different side going ahead through player/manager John Cameron and Brown then added another two before the interval. Preston pulled a goal back but Brown completed his hat-trick and although Preston scored again, Spurs were safely through to the next round – the ‘giant-killers’ were on their way. 2nd Round v Bury (h) Won 2 – 1  Brown (2) No-one could accuse Spurs of having an easy ride in the FA Cup. Having removed 1st Division Preston from the competition in the previous round, they were drawn against Bury, the FA Cup holders. In the previous year’s Final Bury had brushed aside Southampton, Spursâ€™ rivals from the Southern League. Spurs had home advantage but 1st Division Bury took the lead within two minutes, before some of the record crowd of 20,250 had taken their places inside White Hart Lan


Crombie overcoats and Harrington jackets clad which youth movement?

19612007 photos on Flickr | Flickr 7 If you're a fierce individualist who has a bone to pick with the profit-driven world, you might be a punk. Don't be a punk just because you think it's cool. Punk is a mindset and you don't have to dress or look like anything or conform to a name. You can not be a blue collar and be punk.   Purchasing the hair products, the clothes, and the music; that's buying into society, which is exactly what punk is against. So know who you are, know the reason for the culture, and understand the meaning behind the word.   The punk subculture includes a diverse array of ideologies, and forms of expression, including fashion, visual art, dance, literature, and film, which grew out of punk rock.   The punk subculture emerged in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia in the mid-1970s. Exactly which region originated punk has long been a major controversy within the movement.   Two UK punks in a train carriage in 1986; note the hand-stencilled Crass symbol painted on the coat of on the man on the rightEarly punk had an abundance of antecedents and influences, and Jon Savage has described the subculture as a "bricolage" of almost every previous youth culture that existed in the West since the Second World War "stuck together with safety pins".   Various philosophical, political, and artistic movements influenced the subculture. In particular, punk drew inspiration from several strains of modern art. Various writers, books, and literary movements were important to the formation of the punk aesthetic.   Punk rock has a variety of musical origins both within the rock and roll genre and beyond.   The earliest form of punk rock, named protopunk in retrospect, started as a garage rock revival in the northeastern United States in the late 1960s.   The first ongoing music scene that was assigned the punk label appeared in New York City between 1974 and 1976.   At about the same time or shortly afterward, a punk scene developed in London.   Soon after, Los Angeles became home to the third major punk scene.   These three cities formed the backbone of the burgeoning movement, but there were also other scenes in a number of cities such as Brisbane and Boston.   Around 1977, the subculture began to diversify with the proliferation of factions such as 2 Tone, Oi!, pop punk, New Wave, and No Wave. In the United States during the early 1980s, punk underwent a renaissance in the form of hardcore punk, which sought to do away with the frivolities introduced in the later years of the original movement, while at the same time Britain saw a parallel movement called streetpunk.   Hardcore and streetpunk then spread to other regions just as the original subculture had. In the mid-1980s to the early 1990s in America, various underground scenes either directly evolved from punk or at least applied its attitudes to new styles, in the process producing the alternative rock and indie music scenes.   A new movement in the United States became visible in the early and mid-1990s that sought to revive the punk movement, doing away with some of the trappings of hardcore.   Fashion   Punks seek to outrage others with the highly theatrical use of clothing, hairstyles, cosmetics, tattoos, jewelry and body modification.   Early punk fashion adapted everyday objects for aesthetic effect: ripped clothing was held together by safety pins or wrapped with tape; ordinary clothing was customized by embellishing it with marker or adorning it with paint; a black bin liner became a dress, shirt or skirt; safety pins and razor blades were used as jewelry.   Also popular have been leather, rubber, and vinyl clothing that the general public associates with transgressive sexual practices like bondage and S&M.   Punk fashion in the early 1980s   Some punks wear tight "drainpipe" jeans, plaid/tartan trousers, kilts or skirts, T-shirts, leather jackets (which are often decorated with painted band logos, pins and buttons, and metal studs or spikes), and footwear such as Converse sneakers, skate shoes, brothel creepers, or Dr. Martens boots.


Mod girls wore what type of quilted jacket on their partners' scooters?

The North Face Men's Jackets & Vests | DICK'S Sporting Goods The North Face Men's Jackets & Vests 87 Products View 48 All Sort by Free Shipping on Orders $25 or More! 87 Products View 48 All Sort by Selection Stay Warm In The North Face Men's Jackets & Vests DICK'S Sporting Goods offers a full inventory of The North Face men's jackets and vests suitable for cold weather conditions ranging from mild to harsh. Find the style you need to stay warm and protected for whatever cool weather excursion you are planning. Every man needs an everyday winter jacket to protect against wind, rain and snow. Choose from a wide variety of down jackets, fleeces, parkas and sleek designs by highly trusted brands. Whether worn layered with a jacket or on their own, The North Face men's vests are also critical pieces every man needs to cope with changing daily temperatures. The North Face insulated winter jackets for men are designed to withstand sub-zero conditions. For skiing and snowboarding, check out jackets with rider-specific features such as relaxed fit for minimal body restriction. Other popular features include hooded styles, zippered chest pockets and adjustable hems. Shop The North Face men's jackets including their versatile Men's 3-in-1 Jackets styles at DICK'S Sporting Goods. Featured Categories


'The Professor' was a novel by which of the Bronte sisters?

The Brontë Sisters - The Complete Novels: Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights, Shirley, Villette, The Professor, Emma, Agnes Grey, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall  eBook by Charlotte Brontë - 9788026838524 | Kobo Show more Show less This carefully crafted ebook: "The Brontë Sisters - The Complete Novels: Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights, Shirley, Villette, The Professor, Emma, Agnes Grey, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall" is formatted for your eReader with a functional and detailed table of contents. This collection of the works of Emily, Anne and Charlotte Brontë includes the following novels: Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontë, published in 1847 Shirley by Charlotte Brontë, published in 1849 Villette by Charlotte Brontë, published in 1853 The Professor by Charlotte Brontë, was published after her death in 1857 Emma by Charlotte Brontë (unfinished), she wrote only 20 pages of the manuscript which was published in 1860. Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontë, published in 1848 Agnes Grey by Anne Brontë, published in 1847 The Tenant of Wildfell Hall by Anne Brontë, published in 1848 The Brontë Sisters (1818-1855), Charlotte, Emily and Anne Brontë were sisters and writers whose novels have become classics. Before writing novels, the sisters first published a volume of poetry in 1846. Many novels of the Charlotte, Emily, and Anne are based on women in Victorian England and the difficulties that they faced like few employment opportunities, dependence on men in the families for support, and social expectations. Buy the eBook


Arthur Conan Doyle sent who to the Lost World?

The Lost World - The Arthur Conan Doyle Encyclopedia The Lost World The Strand Magazine (april 1912) Conan Doyle disguised as Prof. Challenger ( The Strand Magazine , april 1912) From left to right: W. H. Ransford , Patrick Forbes , Arthur Conan Doyle , Patrick Forbes again ( The Strand Magazine , may 1912) The Lost World (sub-titled Being an account of the recent amazing adventures of Professor George E. Challenger , Lord John Roxton, Professor Summerlee, and Mr. E. D. Malone of the "Daily Gazette.") is a novel written by Arthur Conan Doyle first published in the Sunday Magazine of the Philadelphia Press from 24 march to 21 july 1912 in USA. This novel was also the starting point for American historian Richard Milner to claim that Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was responsible for the Piltdown Man hoax as he saw in it a cryptic message in which he (wrongly) thought Conan Doyle confessed his guilt. Contents Editions in Sunday Magazine of the Philadelphia Press (24 march - 21 july 1912 [US]) photos in The Strand Magazine (april-november 1912 [UK]) 46 illustrations by Harry Rountree , 4 photos and 2 maps of Maple White The Lost World (1912, Associated Sunday Magazine) ill. by Joseph Clement Coll The Lost World (15 october 1912, Hodder & Stoughton Ltd. [UK]) 8 ill./photos The Lost World (october 1912, The Musson Company [CA]) The Lost World (november 1912, Bernhard Tauchnitz No. 4370 [DE]) in Adventure World No. 6-11 (Мир Приключений) (1913 [RU]) as The Lost World (Затерянный мир) in Je Sais Tout No. 106-114 (15 november 1913 - 15 july 1914, Pierre Lafitte [FR]) as Le Monde perdu, ill. by Louis Bailly The Lost World (1920, A. L. Burt [US]) Csurupuri Birodalmaban (1921, Singer & Wolfner [HU]) The Realm of Csurupuri in L'Ouest-Eclair (23 december 1923 - 22 february 1924 [FR]) as Le Monde perdu The Lost World (21 november 1925 - 20 february 1926, Boy's Cinema Weekly ) ill./photos from the movie Year : Title (country) Challenger performer Filmography Illustrations by Harry Rountree in The Strand Magazine (april-november 1912) Characters Professor George Edward Challenger aka G.E.C. Edward Dunn Malone Gladys Hungerton, then Gladys Potts McArdle Ape-men on the "Maple White Land" Accala Indians on the "Maple White Land" Maretas Louis Quinze, Napoleon III, Don Quixote, Virgil, Professor Munchausen, Sir John Mandeville, Cagliostro Weissmann, Darwin, Galileo, Wallace, Bates, Baxter, Shakespeare, Ray Lankester, Dante The Lost World I have wrought my simple plan If I give one hour of joy To the boy who's half a man, Or the man who's half a boy. Foreword Mr. E. D. Malone desires to state that both the injunction for restraint and the libel action have been withdrawn unreservedly by Professor G.E. Challenger, who, being satisfied that no criticism or comment in this book is meant in an offensive spirit, has guaranteed that he will place no impediment to its publication and circulation. Mr. E.D. Malone would also wish to express his gratitude to Mr. Patrick L. Forbes of Rosslyn Hill, Hampstead, for the skill and sympathy with which he has worked up the sketches which were brought from South America, and also to Mr. W. Ransford, of Elm Row, Hampstead, for his valuable expert help in dealing with the photographs. — Streatham, 1912. I. There are heroisms all round us Mr. Hungerton, her father, really was the most tactless person upon earth—a fluffy, feathery, untidy cockatoo of a man, perfectly good-natured, but absolutely centered upon his own silly self. If anything could have driven me from Gladys, it would have been the thought of such a father-in-law. I am convinced that he really believed in his heart that I came round to the Chestnuts three days a week for the pleasure of his company, and very especially to hear his views upon bimetallism, a subject upon which he was by way of being an authority. For an hour or more that evening I listened to his monotonous chirrup about bad money driving out good, the token value of silver, the depreciation of the rupee, and the true standards of exchange. "Suppose," he cried with feeble violence, "that all


Professor Otto Lidenbrock followed Arne Saknussemm where?

Journey to the centre of the earth.ppt Journey to the centre of the earth.ppt Journey to the Center of the Earth Copyright: Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC) You're Reading a Free Preview Pages 3 to 20 are not shown in this preview. Sign up to vote on this title UsefulNot useful This action might not be possible to undo. Are you sure you want to continue? CANCEL We've moved you to where you read on your other device. Get the full title to continue Get the full title to continue reading from where you left off, or restart the preview. Restart preview


What is the total if you add the regnal numbers of our last three kings?

Naming Customs of British Royalty, Regnal Name and Numeration - The Royal Forums Naming Customs of British Royalty, Regnal Name and Numeration Location: West Midlands, United Kingdom Posts: 30 Naming Customs of British Royalty, Regnal Name and Numeration Maybe this is a silly question but, if you don't ask you'll never know!:o Our last king named Edward was the eighth British king to bear that name. BUT, there were three Anglo-Saxon Edwards (I The Elder, II The Martyr and III The Confessor) who don't seem to be counted. The count begins again with the Plantagenet King Edward I Longshanks. Also, there was Edward Balliol of Scotland. All that would mean that Edward VIII was in fact Edward XII. I have submitted this question to the official royal website many times, but have received no response. I'm wondering if anyone here might be able to help me. __________________ Location: ***, United States Posts: 16,894 They started counting with William the Conqueror, so kings before him aren't included. If we get a King Alfred in the future, he'll be Alfred I, because Alfred of the burned cakes won't count even though he was the only king ever to rate the description "The Great." I don't know if it's just convention or if England wasn't thought to be really united until William I came along, but whatever the reason, he's the starting point for the counting system. __________________ Location: West Midlands, United Kingdom Posts: 30 Location: Brisbane, Australia Posts: 160 From what I understand the other Edwards aren't counted in the numbering system because they have other names - the Elder, the Martyr and the Confessor. Also Elspeth is right that the counting started anew with William the Conqueror not because he was the first king after the Norman conquest, but because William I was the first king to actually rule over the WHOLE of England. The others all had bits being ruled over by Scandinavian countries and others I think. Kings before William the Conqueror are included, but just not Edward I think, because the Edwards were not numbered before the conquest. For instance, if we had another King Harold, he would be Harold III to distinguish between Harold I and Harold II king of England. Well that is what I believe to be correct, I am not a total expert. Originally Posted by Queen Marie Maybe this is a silly question but, if you don't ask you'll never know!:o Our last king named Edward was the eighth British king to bear that name. BUT, there were three Anglo-Saxon Edwards (I The Elder, II The Martyr and III The Confessor) who don't seem to be counted. The count begins again with the Plantagenet King Edward I Longshanks. Also, there was Edward Balliol of Scotland. All that would mean that Edward VIII was in fact Edward XII. I have submitted this question to the official royal website many times, but have received no response. I'm wondering if anyone here might be able to help me. Actually, just to clarify, if the first three kings you mention were counted in the present numbering order then Edward VIII would have been Edward XI. Kings who were just kings of Scotland and not England do not count in the numbering system. For example James VI of Scotland was James I King of England, not James VII king of England. So Edward Balliol of Scotland could never count in the numbering system because he was not king of England. Quote: Originally Posted by felicia Of course, I didn't say otherwise. I meant we don't add up the numbers of I of England and VI of Scotland to call him James VII of England. Who ever suggested that we did add the numbers together? I simply was pointing out a valid reason why James I and VI is referred to that way and to a lesser extent James II and VII is sometimes referred to that way (but most of my books simply call him James II - bad luck about the Scottish numbering). Using the I and VI is not that same as adding the numbers together to get to VII but he is correctly called James I and VI (1 of England and VI of Scotland but before he inherited the English throne so he kept both). Originally Posted by chriss


What is the address of the White House in Washington DC?

White House Address and Contact Information White House Address and Contact Information White House Address and Contact Information Photo © Viorika Prikhodko/Getty Images You can write to the President at the above address or visit whitehouse.gov to send a message to the White House. White House Phone Numbers Vice President: vice_president@whitehouse.gov Comments: comments@whitehouse.gov. Due to the volume of correspondence sent to the Office of the President, the White House does not respond to every letter or email.


In 1995 the Labour Party abandoned which part of its constitution?

The Labour Party and Clause Four 1918-1995 | History Today The Labour Party and Clause Four 1918-1995 20th Century Britain Political Martin Daunton argues that Labour's commitment to public ownership owed little to socialism and more to circumstances at the end of the First World War. In 1918, Clause IV of the Labour party's new constitution pledged its members, somewhat vaguely, 'to secure to the workers by hand and brain the full fruits of their labour through the common ownership of the means of production, distribution and. exchange, and the best obtainable system of popular administration and control of each industry or service'. By 1995, Clause IV was a policy which dare not speak its name, an electoral liability which embarrassed the modernisers in the Labour party and threatened the adherence of middle-class voters who had succumbed to the lures of shares in privatised utilities and the attractions of the world had been in 1945, when the first majority Labour government came to power on a manifesto pledged to nationalisation. By the time Attlee left office in 1951, industries employing 10 per cent of the workforce and controlling 20 per cent of all capital expenditure had been nationalised. Not surprisingly, Joseph Schumpeter, one of the leading economists of' the day, predicted an unstoppable 'march into socialism' as workers by hand and brain advanced to secure the full fruits of their labour. Want the full article and website archive access? Already a member? Log in now


Which amendment to the US constitution protects against self-incrimination?

Fifth Amendment Right Against Self-Incrimination - FindLaw Fifth Amendment Right Against Self-Incrimination Download article as a PDF Even if you’ve never studied law or sat for a bar exam, you likely have heard the phrase “pleading the Fifth.” It’s become part of our national lexicon, so most Americans know they have the right not to answer police questions both while in custody or in court. The right against self-incrimination is spelled out in the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and also extends to state and local jurisdictions. When someone exercises this right, we often say that they “plead the Fifth.” The Constitution grants this right quite simply: “[No person]…shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself…” However, as with most other constitutional rights, it is subject to interpretation by the courts and often inspires fierce debate. This article focuses on the self-incrimination clause of the Fifth Amendment in legal proceedings. For details about your right to remain silent while in police custody, check out FindLaw’s Miranda Rights section. See Double Jeopardy ; How Does a Grand Jury Work? ; and The Appeal, Writ, and Habeas Corpus Petition Process to learn about other provisions of the Fifth Amendment. The Origin of Pleading the Fifth The right against self-incrimination is rooted in the Puritans’ refusal to cooperate with interrogators in 17th century England. They often were coerced or tortured into confessing their religious affiliation and were considered guilty if they remained silent. English law granted its citizens the right against self-incrimination in the mid-1600s, when a revolution established greater parliamentary power. Puritans who fled religious persecution brought this idea with them to America, where it would eventually become codified in the Bill of Rights. Today, courts have found the right against self-incrimination to include testimonial or communicative evidence at police interrogations and legal proceedings. Testifying in a Legal Proceeding At trial, the Fifth Amendment gives a criminal defendant the right not to testify. This means that the prosecutor, the judge, and even the defendant’s own lawyer cannot force the defendant to take the witness stand against his or her will. However, a defendant who does choose to testify cannot choose to answer some questions but not others. Once the defendant takes the witness stand, this particular Fifth Amendment right is considered waived throughout the trial. When a defendant pleads the Fifth, jurors are not permitted to take the refusal to testify into consideration when deciding whether a defendant is guilty. In the 2001 case Ohio v. Reiner , the U.S. Supreme Court held that “a witness may have a reasonable fear of prosecution and yet be innocent of any wrongdoing. The [Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination] serves to protect the innocent who otherwise might be ensnared by ambiguous circumstances.” This case beefed up an earlier ruling that prosecutors can’t ask a jury to draw an inference of guilt from a defendant’s refusal to testify in his own defense. Defendants may assert their Fifth Amendment rights during civil trials, too, if testimony would open them up to criminal charges. But they do not enjoy the same protections against jury bias with respect to liability. This means that a jury is free to make inferences when a defendant chooses not to testify in a civil trial for fear of self-incrimination. Civil defendants often claim ignorance (“I don’t recall”) instead of pleading the Fifth in such situations. Can Any Witness Plead the Fifth? At a criminal trial, it is not only the defendant who enjoys the Fifth Amendment right not to testify. Witnesses who are called to the witness stand can refuse to answer certain questions if answering would implicate them in any type of criminal activity (not limited to the case being tried). Witnesses (as well as defendants) in organized crime trials often plead the Fifth, for instance. But unlike defendants, witnesses who assert this right may do so selec


Rolo, Aero, Kit Kat, and Roses were all introduced in which decade?

Kit Kat : definition of Kit Kat and synonyms of Kit Kat (English) 9 External links   History Use of the name "Kit Kat" or "Kit Cat" for a type of food goes back to the 18th Century, when mutton pies known as a Kit-Kat were served at meetings of the political Kit-Cat Club . The origins of what us now known as the "Kit Kat" brand go back to 1935, when Rowntree's , a confectionery company based in York in the United Kingdom , trademarked the terms "Kit Cat" and "Kit Kat". Although the terms were not immediately utilised, the first conception of the Kit Kat appeared in the 1920s, when Rowntree launched a brand of boxed chocolates entitled "Kit Cat". This continued into the 1930s, when Rowntree's shifted focus and production onto its "Black Magic" and "Dairy Box" brands. With the promotion of alternative products the "Kit Cat" brand decreased and was eventually discontinued. [2] The original four-finger bar was developed after a worker at Rowntree's York Factory put a suggestion in a recommendation box for a snack that "a man could take to work in his pack". [3] The bar launched on 29 August 1935, under the title of "Rowntree's Chocolate Crisp" (priced at 2d ), and was sold in London and throughout Southern England. [4] The product's official title of "Rowntree's Chocolate Crisp" was renamed "Kit Kat Chocolate Crisp" in 1937, the same year that 'Kit Kat' began to incorporate "Break" into its recognisable advertising strategy. [2] The colour scheme and first flavour variation to the brand came in 1942, owing to World War II , when food shortages prompted an alteration in the recipe. The flavour of "Kit Kat" was changed to "dark"; the packaging abandoned its "Chocolate Crisp" title, and was adorned in blue. [5] After the war the title was altered to "Kit Kat" and resumed its original milk recipe and red packaging.   4-finger Kit Kat Following on from its success in the United Kingdom, in the 1940s "Kit Kat" was exported to Canada, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. During the same decade Donald Gilles, the executive at JWT Orland, created the iconic advertising line "Have a Break, Have a Kit Kat". The brand further expanded in the 1970s when Rowntree created a new distribution factory in Germany to meet European demand, and established agreements to distribute the brand in the USA and Japan, through the Hershey and Fujiya companies respectively. [2] In June 1988 Nestlé acquired Kit Kat through the purchase of Rowntree's. This gave Nestlé global control over the brand, except in North America, [6] and production and distribution increased with new facilities in Japan and additional manufacturing operations set up in Malaysia, India and China. [2] Variants in the traditional chocolate bar first appeared in 1996 when "Kit Kat Orange", the first flavour variant, was introduced in the United Kingdom. Its success was followed by several varieties including mint and caramel, and in 1999 "Kit Kat Chunky" was launched and received favourably by international consumers. Variations on the traditional "Kit Kat" have continued to develop throughout the 2000s. In 2000 Nestlé acquired Fujiya’s share of the brand in Japan, and also expanded its marketplace in Japan, Russia, Turkey and Venezuela, in addition to markets in Eastern and Central Europe. [2] Throughout the decade 'Kit Kat' has introduced dozens of flavours and line extensions within specific consumer markets, and celebrated its 75th anniversary on 10 October 2009. The traditional bar has four fingers which each measure approximately 1 centimetre (0.39 in) by 9 centimetres (3.5 in). A two-finger bar was launched in the 1930s, and has remained the company's best-selling biscuit brand ever since. [4] The 1999 "Kit Kat Chunky" (known as "Big Kat" in the US) has one large finger approximately 2.5 centimetres (0.98 in) wide. Kit Kat bars contain varying numbers of fingers depending on the market, ranging from the half-finger sized Kit Kat Petit in Japan, to the three-fingered variants in Arabia, to the twelve-finger family-size bars in Australia and France. Kit Kat bars are sold ind


A statue of which nurse stands on the north-east corner of Trafalgar Square?

London/Leicester Square – Travel guide at Wikivoyage Chinatown[ edit ] Chinatown is centrally located in the West End, along and around Gerrard Street off Leicester Square. It spreads into Wardour Street at one end and Newport Place at the other. London's Chinatown may not be quite as large as those in San Francisco or Vancouver but it is still a great place to dine out in the evening, authentically Chinese and definitely different from anywhere else in London. Trafalgar Square[ edit ] Trafalgar Square Trafalgar Square is a large public square commemorating Lord Horatio Nelson's victory against Napoleon's navy at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The central monument within the square is a single tall column on which the figure of Nelson stands gazing over London and is one of the great iconic images of London. His monument is surrounded by four colossal lions and a series of large fountains. Much more than just an open plaza, Trafalgar Square is famous as the location of a large number of important buildings and institutions that surround the square and fill the streets surrounding it. Trafalgar Square also marks the northern end of Whitehall , the centre of British government. In 2003 Trafalgar Square was renovated and expanded to link up directly with the National Gallery on the north side of the square - a great improvement to the traffic which once completely encircled this, the largest public square in the West End. The early 18th century church of St Martins in the Fields stands at the north-east corner of the square. Just by the church, Charing Cross Road gives access to the fabulous National Portrait Gallery, and leads on further to Leicester Square, Soho and the famous collection of bookstores on the road itself. To the south, Whitehall leads to Westminster Abbey, the Houses of Parliament and 10 Downing Street. Christmas time sees the erection of a large Christmas Tree within the square, the annual gift of the people of Oslo , capital of Norway , as a token of gratitude for Britain's help in WWII. Trafalgar Square is also traditionally the scene of lively celebrations for Londoners on New Year's Eve, though an increasingly heavy police presence has meant that some antics (drunks leaping into the fountains) have all but disappeared. More recently, Trafalgar Square has served as an outdoor venue for concerts and VIP appearances, courtesy of the Mayor of London's Office, which is keen to see Londoners use their public spaces better. Visitors to the square on an ordinary day may also discover small-scale demonstrations and public speakers - the Square is a convenient gathering place near to, but not threatening, the seat of British Government down the road at Westminster. Leicester Square[ edit ] This smallish London square is the site of most British film premieres and the square itself is surrounded by terrifyingly-expensive cinemas — tickets for an evening screening will cost upwards of £17, 3D screenings will cost upwards of £15. At night, Leicester Square becomes exceptionally busy with tourists and locals, visiting the surrounding clubs and bars. In the north-west corner of the square is a musical clock, incorporating a Swiss glockenspiel, that is popular with tourists. It was popular enough that its remodelling and restoration was actually a requirement when permission was given for the demolition of Swiss Centre in 2008, of which it had been a part. The TKTS half price ticket booth is on the south side of Leicester Square for cheap tickets for theatre performances. By Tube[ edit ] Leicester Square is served by a Tube station of the same name located just off the north east corner of the Square on Charing Cross Road. The station is on both the Northern and Piccadilly Lines and acts as a convenient place to start any exploration of London's West End. Chinatown is a short walk from both Piccadilly Circus (Piccadilly and Bakerloo Lines) — walk east along Shaftesbury Avenue, before turning right at Wardour Street, watch for the ornamental gates — and Leicester Square (Piccadilly and Northern Lines) stations. The


The title First Level Nurse replaced Registered General Nurse, which replaced what?

Education and Training: Nursing Training for nurses 16apr98: Nurse A: Planning my escape. I work as a staff nurse in a nursing home, previously I worked in a large hospital. Nurse training is now Project 2000, a two year course for graduates, and also a nursing degree. Previous methods of training have been superceded. Both of these courses were meant to improve the education and status of nurses. But the education has not yet reached the correct balance. Theory is not put properly into practice: Most of the students of Project 2000 that I have met were unhappy with their training. At present, I am studying something entirely different. I am unhappy with status, pay and conditions in nursing so the country may lose another trained and experienced nurse. 9may98: Nurse B: Decline in patient care. When I trained nursing was a selfless profession where we put the patient first. But now we cannot afford to be patient centred.  The nurse must protect herself and watch her back - because she may well be sued. But whose interests does this protect?  Certainly not the patients. The personal touch has been replaced by an emphasis on contractual obligations. Long term patients seldom get the same nurse twice. Contacts are short and bank nurses come and go. But elderly and psychiatric patients need to see the few faces caring for them on regular basis. Nurses need to feel secure in their employment if they are doing a good job. This is not possible with short term contracts. I trained in the mid sixties. Training alternated three months in nursing school then three months putting training into practice on the wards under strict supervision. This pattern repeated throughout the three years training. The result at the end was a concentration of knowledge of the human body and how it works, and first rate practical skills, already implemented. We gained a great knowledge of basic nursing training and knew how to make a patient comfortable. This does not seem to be the case today. Common sense does not seem to be present anymore with the training emphasis on management and psychology (in theory) but not implimented. And on the wards, there is endless paperwork on care plans but no time with the patient. Helpless patients no longer are being fed properly - there is no time. Fresh water is not to hand on many wards. Proper fluid balance, essential for hydration and patients well being, is not being monitored. Many patients in state hospitals develop bedsores. Nurses are not adequately taught to regularly turn and change their position and monitor and record when this is done. Cries for the need for toiletting go ignored for long periods of time and loss of dignity occurs. This is happening every day in the hospitals with the newly trained nurses of today. They do not know how basic nursing care is implemented on there is solid evidence of quite unnecessary suffering as a result of a total lack of common sense. Where are we going wrong? 10may98: Nurse C: Practical experience needed. The postings from Nurse A and Nurse B fit my experience. I trained as a nurse a few years ago under the traditional sytem of training described by nurse B. I too felt it was a good system compared with the Nurse 2000 system which lacks the element of practical experience: there should be a happy medium between theory and practice. A friend who trained on a Nurse 2000 course over three years ago recently had his first experience of working a night shift. Being trained, he was in charge. It seems wrong that someone should have this responsibility with no previous experience. The nurse 2000 training has turned into an academic course. There is a place for research work and theoretical understanding. But at the cost of practical patient care. And me? My job is hard work and poorly paid. So I am tired and poor but I am happy. 23may98: Ex-student nurse D: Nursing - Project 2000. Last year I decided to train to become a Psychiatric nurse on the Project 2000 Course. I had just finished a degree and was looki


In 1700 Solomon de Medina was the first from which religion to receive a knighthood?

Jewish History 1700 - 1799 1700   1710   1720   1730   1740   1750   1760   1770   1780   1790   C. 1700 - 1766 (7 Sivan 5520 second day of Shavuot) ISRAEL BEN ELIEZER (THE BAAL SHEM TOV) (Medzibezh, Poland-Lithuania) Founder of the Hasidic movement. Orphaned at a young age, he was raised by the Jewish community and spent much of his time alone in the nearby forests. After he married, he moved to the Carpathian Mountains and then to a small town where his wife set up an inn. At age 36, he revealed himself to the community as a healer and a comforter. He received the name "Baal Shem Tov" (Master of the Good Name) and was simply called the "Besht". His major philosophy consisted of worshipping G-d with joy and believing that simple prayers, when uttered in earnest, were more important that extreme intellectualization. The Besht believed that Tzaddikim , or righteous ones, were sent by G-d to guide the people. Though he left no writings of his own, he was immortalized by the often miraculous and magnified stories of his life told by his closest followers. The Baal Shem Tov did not have any children. His closest pupils set up "courts" and established Hassidic dynasties with different variances but in all adhering to the principles of Hassidism he laid down. 1700 - 1721 THE GREAT NORTHERN WAR Was fought between a coalition of Russia, Denmark-Norway and Saxony-Poland (from 1715 also Prussia and Hanover) vs. Sweden. Czar Peter I and King Augustus II eventually defeated Charles II of Sweden and Stanislaus Leszczynski (the Pretender). Jews were forced by both sides to pay heavy taxes, especially in the cities occupied by the Swedes. In Poznan (1704), Jews were forced to defend the city by catching firebombs with their hands. 1700 WORLD JEWISH POPULATION It is estimated that at this time there were about 2 million Jews in the world, with the Ashkenazic / Sephardic populations almost equal in size . This would change over the next centuries with Ashkenazic population on the ascendance. 1700 June 23, SOLOMON DE MEDINA (c. 1650-1730) (England) Was knighted by William III of England. Medina was the first professing Jew to receive a knighthood. Medina had helped finance what became known as the "glorious revolution" which installed William of Orange and Mary (the daughter of James II) on the throne. Their rule ended any hope for a restoration of catholic rule in England. 1700 October 14, JUDAH HASSID (Eretz-Israel) Arrived in Jerusalem . He had started out with 31 families in Poland and reached a high of 1500 people before setting sail. One third perished along the way. Judah Hassid died 3 days after reaching Jerusalem. The community , met with suspicion by the mostly sephardi community fell into financial hardship. The synagogue and compound under dept to local Arabs was occupied by them  and destroyed. It became known as the Ha Hurva or ï¿½ The Ruinï¿½ synagogue. It took 140 years before it was rebuilt only to be destroyed by the Jordan legion in 1948. It was restored in 2010.rnrn 1703 August 28, ALEINU PRAYER BANNED (Brandenberg, Germany) The Aleinu prayer was prohibited in much of Germany. The Aleinu, composed by Rav , one of the great Talmudists (d. 247), had been part of the ritual prayer for almost 1500 years. It served as a focal point for anti-Jewish attacks. Although the wording "For they bow down to emptiness and vanity and to a God that cannot save" was taken from Isaiah (45:20) and referred to idol worshipers, some Christian leaders claimed it was an attack on Christianity. The prayer was eventually entirely eradicated from the Ashkenazi siddur and only reprinted recently. 1704  ELLUS BAT MORDECAI (Slutsk ,Belarus) Translated Maavor yarbuk ( Crossing the Yarbuk) a kabalistic work into Yiddish. She was a well educated translator. She also translated a prayer book Shomrim Laboker (Dawn Watch). 1704 March 11, PROPAGANDAE PER UNICERSUM Bull by Pope Clement XI confirmed all the benefits given to converts under Paul III ( see 1542), and expanded them to include giving then the rights over propertie


In 1917, which Queen received the first Damehood, the female equivalent of a knighthood?

Essay - Knights and Dames in Australia - Australian Dictionary of Biography Australian Dictionary of Biography Tip: searches only the name field Tip: Use double quotes to search for a phrase State Library of South Australia, B 58380 Honours systems are used to reward service to the nation or great achievement. In Australia, the federal government website about honours says that honours ‘help define, encourage and reinforce national aspirations, ideals and standards by identifying role models’. Honours, it says, are given ‘to recognise, celebrate and say thank you to those who make a difference, those who achieve their best and those who serve others’ .[ 1 ] Australia’s honours system, like those of other Commonwealth countries, is derived from that of Britain. Until 1975, Australians received honours entirely through the British honours system. At the top of that system, just below peerages, were the titular honours of knight and dame. These awards bestowed a title on the recipient, usually Sir or Dame. This article examines the shifting place of knighthoods and damehoods in the honours system in Australia, the eventual removal of titles from the honours system, and the changing patterns in the award of titles, as official recognitions of great service or achievement. Honours in Australia: A Changing Institution In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the British honours system that was used in the Australian colonies consisted almost entirely of a small number of highly exclusive orders. In the first decades of the nineteenth century, honours were given largely to colonial officials who had been born in Britain, rather than to those born in the colonies. [ 2 ] Over the second half of the century, the range and number of awards grew, and those resident in the colonies began to receive honours more frequently. Orders began to include several classes of award, usually with the two highest classes bestowing a title on the recipient. The previously small Order of the Bath had, for example, by 1847 expanded to include a military and a civil division, both with three classes of award. The Royal Victorian Order, instituted by Queen Victoria in 1896, was created with five classes of award, as well as an associated medal. This gradual expansion of honours meant that larger numbers of people could receive awards than had been the case in the past. By World War One, honours were bestowed for a range of public services, including work in science, art, commerce or philanthropy, and were no longer only given to the aristocracy. [ 3 ] The Order of the British Empire was established in 1917, on a significantly larger scale than any previously existing order. This new order was created to recognise the large numbers of people who had been mobilised for war between 1914 and 1918, particularly in non-combatant work. [ 4 ] After the war, it was reorganised for peacetime, and from December 1918 had both military and civil divisions. [ 5 ] Besides its large scale, which caused some to deride it as the ‘Order for Britain’s Everybody’, the new order was unusual in that women were included among its recipients. Before 1917, other than royal women and those given special awards, only one woman had been appointed to an official order: Florence Nightingale, who received the Order of Merit in 1907. [ 6 ] With five classes of award and an associated medal, the Order of the British Empire quickly became the major instrument for honouring Australians. During the twentieth century, the character of honours continued to change. Gradually, other awards were opened to women, and honours began to be bestowed for an increasingly broad range of service or achievement. Like other former colonies, Australia began to develop a national honours system to replace imperial honours. A major force in this shift was the Australian Labor Party (ALP). As early as 1918, the ALP’s federal platform included the ending of recommendations for British honours. [ 7 ] The first attempt to establish a new national system occurred in October 1949, when a federal co


Which language gave us the word 'Germanic'?

German | Define German at Dictionary.com german adjective 1. having the same father and mother, as a full brother or sister (usually used in combination): a brother-german. 2. born of the brother or sister of one's father or mother, as a first cousin (usually used in combination): a cousin-german. 1250-1300; Middle English germain < Old French < Latin germānus, derivative of germen; see germ German of or relating to Germany , its inhabitants, or their language. noun a native or inhabitant of Germany. 3. a descendant of a native of Germany. 4. Also called High German. an Indo-European language that is based on a High German dialect, is official in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, and is also widely used as an international language for scholarship and science. Abbreviation: G, G. Linguistics. any variety of West Germanic speech native to Germany, Austria, or Switzerland. 6. (usually lowercase) an elaborate social dance resembling a cotillion. 7. (lowercase) New England and South Atlantic States. a dancing party featuring the german. Origin 1520-30; < Latin Germānus German; cognate with Greek Germanoí (plural) Related forms Examples from the Web for german Expand Contemporary Examples He was a beefy figure who never quite lost his german accent despite living all his adult life in the United States. Gypsy Flight Roy J. Snell My parents took me abroad, and I sampled a german university. British Dictionary definitions for german Expand (US) a dance consisting of complicated figures and changes of partners Word Origin C19: shortened from German cotillion german2 (used in combination) having the same parents as oneself: a brother-german having a parent that is a brother or sister of either of one's own parents: cousin-german 2. a less common word for germane Word Origin C14: via Old French germain, from Latin germānus of the same race, from germen sprout, offshoot German noun 1. the official language of Germany and Austria and one of the official languages of Switzerland; the native language of approximately 100 million people. It is an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch, closely related to English and Dutch. There is considerable diversity of dialects; modern standard German is a development of Old High German, influenced by Martin Luther's translation of the Bible See also High German , Low German 2. a native, inhabitant, or citizen of Germany 3. a person whose native language is German: Swiss Germans, Volga Germans adjective denoting, relating to, or using the German language 5. relating to, denoting, or characteristic of any German state or its people related Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for german Expand adj. "of the same parents or grandparents," c.1300, from Old French germain "closely related" (12c.), from Latin germanus "full, own (of brothers and sisters); one's own brother; genuine, real," related to germen (genitive germinis) "sprout, bud," dissimilated from PIE *gen(e)-men-, from root *gene- "to give birth, beget" (see genus ). Your cousin-german (also first cousin) is the son or daughter of an uncle or aunt; your children and your first cousin's are second cousins to one another; to you, your first cousin's children are first cousin once removed. German n. "Teuton, member of the Germanic tribes," 1520s (plural Germayns attested from late 14c.), from Latin Germanus, first attested in writings of Julius Caesar, who used Germani to designate a group of tribes in northeastern Gaul, origin unknown, probably the name of an individual tribe. It is perhaps of Gaulish (Celtic) origin, perhaps originally meaning "noisy" (cf. Old Irish garim "to shout") or "neighbor" (cf. Old Irish gair "neighbor"). The earlier English word was Almain (early 14c.) or Dutch. Þe empere passede from þe Grees to þe Frenschemen and to þe Germans, þat beeþ Almayns. [John of Trevisa, translation of Higdon's Polychronicon, 1387] Their nam


In 1963 President Kennedy was shot in which square in Dallas?

November 22, 1963: Death of the President - John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum November 22, 1963: Death of the President November 22, 1963: Death of the President Shortly after noon on November 22, 1963, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated as he rode in a motorcade through Dealey Plaza in downtown Dallas, Texas. By the fall of 1963, President John F. Kennedy and his political advisers were preparing for the next presidential campaign. Although he had not formally announced his candidacy, it was clear that President Kennedy was going to run and he seemed confident about his chances for re-election. At the end of September, the president traveled west, speaking in nine different states in less than a week. The trip was meant to put a spotlight on natural resources and conservation efforts. But JFK also used it to sound out themes—such as education, national security, and world peace—for his run in 1964. Campaigning in Texas A month later, the president addressed Democratic gatherings in Boston and Philadelphia. Then, on November 12, he held the first important political planning session for the upcoming election year. At the meeting, JFK stressed the importance of winning Florida and Texas and talked about his plans to visit both states in the next two weeks. Mrs. Kennedy would accompany him on the swing through Texas, which would be her first extended public appearance since the loss of their baby, Patrick, in August. On November 21, the president and first lady departed on Air Force One for the two-day, five-city tour of Texas.   President Kennedy was aware that a feud among party leaders in Texas could jeopardize his chances of carrying the state in 1964, and one of his aims for the trip was to bring Democrats together. He also knew that a relatively small but vocal group of extremists was contributing to the political tensions in Texas and would likely make its presence felt—particularly in Dallas, where US Ambassador to the United Nations Adlai Stevenson had been physically attacked a month earlier after making a speech there. Nonetheless, JFK seemed to relish the prospect of leaving Washington, getting out among the people and into the political fray. The first stop was San Antonio. Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, Governor John B. Connally, and Senator Ralph W. Yarborough led the welcoming party. They accompanied the president to Brooks Air Force Base for the dedication of the Aerospace Medical Health Center. Continuing on to Houston, he addressed a Latin American citizens' organization and spoke at a testimonial dinner for Congressman Albert Thomas before ending the day in Fort Worth. Morning in Fort Worth A light rain was falling on Friday morning, November 22, but a crowd of several thousand stood in the parking lot outside the Texas Hotel where the Kennedys had spent the night. A platform was set up and the president, wearing no protection against the weather, came out to make some brief remarks. "There are no faint hearts in Fort Worth," he began, "and I appreciate your being here this morning. Mrs. Kennedy is organizing herself. It takes longer, but, of course, she looks better than we do when she does it." He went on to talk about the nation's need for being "second to none" in defense and in space, for continued growth in the economy and "the willingness of citizens of the United States to assume the burdens of leadership." The warmth of the audience response was palpable as the president reached out to shake hands amidst a sea of smiling faces. Back inside the hotel the president spoke at a breakfast of the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce, focusing on military preparedness. "We are still the keystone in the arch of freedom," he said. "We will continue to do…our duty, and the people of Texas will be in the lead." On to Dallas The presidential party left the hotel and went by motorcade to Carswell Air Force Base for the thirteen-minute flight to Dallas. Arriving at Love Field, President and Mrs. Kennedy disembarked and immediately walked toward a fence where a crowd of well-wishers had gathe


In 1901 Queen Victoria died in which building on the Isle of Wight?

Osborne House, Queen Victoria's island home to be renamed - BBC News BBC News Osborne House, Queen Victoria's island home to be renamed 11 March 2011 Close share panel Image caption The Queen lived at the house until her death in 1901 Queen Victoria's former palace on the Isle of Wight is having an official name change to Royal Osborne. The 342 acre estate at East Cowes, currently known as Osborne House, was bought by Prince Albert and Queen Victoria in 1845. It was the couple's main residence with their nine children. An English Heritage spokesman said: "We hope that people will be delighted with the new name and will celebrate this royal association." The name change will come into effect from 1 April. Queen Victoria died at the palace in 1901 after reigning for nearly 64 years. Her heir, Edward VII gave the house to the nation, it became a naval training college and then an officers' convalescent home. Bathing machine The grounds and gardens overlooking the Solent, contain a miniature fort and barracks, and the Queen's outdoor bathing machine which was used for sea bathing from the estate's private beach. The estate also houses a "Swiss Cottage", a custom-built chalet with child-sized furniture, a working kitchen and garden built to educate the royal children. On 29 April the royal residence will celebrate Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding by showing the ceremony on a big screen on its lawns. Visitors will be given a celebratory floral buttonhole made from the famous Royal Myrtle 'Myrtus communis' which is grown in the gardens.


'Elizabethan Serenade' was a pop hit for Boris Gardiner under what title?

Boris Gardiner - Jamaicansmusic.com BORIS GARDINER read full story Boris Gardiner (born 13 January 1943, Kingston, Jamaica) is a Jamaican singer, songwriter and bass guitarist.Gardiner performed on the tourist circuit for much of the 1960s and was a member of Carlos Malcolm & the Afro Caribs and Byron Lee's Dragonaires. In the late 1960s and 1970s he worked extensively as a session musician as a member of the Now Generation, The Upsetters, The Aggrovators, and The Crystallites.Gardiner as a solo artist had a chart hit with the song "Elizabethan Reggae" in 1970, a version of Ronald Binge's " ... Boris Gardiner (born 13 January 1943, Kingston, Jamaica) is a Jamaican singer, songwriter and bass guitarist. Gardiner performed on the tourist circuit for much of the 1960s and was a member of Carlos Malcolm & the Afro Caribs and Byron Lee's Dragonaires. In the late 1960s and 1970s he worked extensively as a session musician as a member of the Now Generation, The Upsetters, The Aggrovators, and The Crystallites. Gardiner as a solo artist had a chart hit with the song "Elizabethan Reggae" in 1970, a version of Ronald Binge's "Elizabethan Serenade". Actually, he nearly did not appear at all. The story about his first hit is that, when it was released in the UK, the first copies were printed with the label incorrectly identifying Byron Lee as the performer. The reality was that he was the instrumental track's record producer. The UK Singles Chart for the first entry, and the subsequent first four weeks of its re-entry into the charts all reprinted this error. However, all charts and discs printed after 28 February 1970, duly gave Boris Gardiner the credit he deserved. His debut album Reggae Happening was also released in 1970 and (although it did not make the pop chart) "sold respectably for a reggae LP" in the UK, according to music journalist Ian McCann. Although Gardiner continued to be successful in Jamaica, he had no more hits in the UK during that decade. However, in 1986 he recorded the single, "I Want to Wake Up with You", a surprise UK Number One, which spent two months in the Top Ten. The accompanying album, Everything to Me also included the follow-up hit, "You're Everything to Me" (which just missed out being another Top 10 entry, when it peaked at Number 11). The single "The Meaning of Christmas" was also released later that year. Later, Gardiner signed to RCA Records. In 2002, a twenty two track anthology, The Very Best of Boris Gardiner was issued on CD by Music Club.


Which Scottish village appears for only one day every one hundred years?

Brigadoon (1954) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error | Fantasy , Musical , Romance | 8 September 1954 (USA) Two Americans on a hunting trip in Scotland become lost. They encounter a small village, not on the map, called Brigadoon, in which people harbor a mysterious secret, and behave as if they were still living two hundred years in the past. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 45 titles created 24 Aug 2012 a list of 49 titles created 10 Nov 2013 a list of 42 titles created 01 Sep 2015 a list of 30 images created 26 Sep 2015 a list of 44 titles created 3 months ago Search for " Brigadoon " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for     3     Oscars. Another    1 win. See more awards  » Videos A girl is engaged to the local richman, but meanwhile she has dreams about the legendary pirate Macoco. A traveling singer falls in love with her and to impress her he poses as the pirate. Director: Vincente Minnelli The Wolves baseball team gets steamed when they find they've been inherited by one K.C. Higgins, a suspected "fathead" who intends to take an active interest in running the team. But K.C. ... See full summary  » Director: Busby Berkeley Three sailors on a day of shore leave in New York City look for fun and romance before their twenty-four hours are up. Directors: Stanley Donen, Gene Kelly Stars: Gene Kelly, Frank Sinatra, Betty Garrett Two sailors, one naive, the other experienced in the ways of the world, on liberty in Los Angeles, is the setting for this movie musical. Director: George Sidney A small-town farmer, down on her luck, finds her homestead invaded by a theatrical troupe invited to stay by her ne'er-do-well sister. Director: Charles Walters Three soldiers meet 10 years after their last meeting in New York, and find out that they have little in common now. Directors: Stanley Donen, Gene Kelly Stars: Gene Kelly, Dan Dailey, Cyd Charisse After writing a tell-all book about her days in the dance troupe "Barry Nichols and Les Girls", Sybil Wren (Kay Kendall) is sued for libeling her fellow dancer Angele (Taina Elg). A Rashomon ... See full summary  » Director: George Cukor Two vaudeville performers fall in love, but find their relationship tested by the arrival of WWI. Director: Busby Berkeley Three friends struggle to find work in Paris. Things become more complicated when two of them fall in love with the same woman. Director: Vincente Minnelli In 1850 Oregon, when a backwoodsman brings a wife home to his farm, his six brothers decide that they want to get married too. Director: Stanley Donen A pretentiously artistic director is hired for a new Broadway musical and changes it beyond recognition. Director: Vincente Minnelli A musical remake of Ninotchka: After three bumbling Soviet agents fail in their mission to retrieve a straying Soviet composer from Paris, the beautiful, ultra-serious Ninotchka is sent to ... See full summary  » Director: Rouben Mamoulian Edit Storyline Americans Tommy Albright and Jeff Douglas, on a hunting vacation in Scotland, discover a quaint and beautiful village, Brigadoon. Strangely, the village is not on any map, and soon Tommy and Jeff find out why: Brigadoon is an enchanted place. It appears once every hundred years for one day, then disappears back into the mists of time, to wake up to its next day a century hence. When Tommy falls in love with Fiona, a girl of the village, he realizes that she can never be part of his life back in America. Can he be part of hers in Brigadoon? Written by Jim Beaver <jumblejim@prodigy.net> The Musical Hit that Tops Them All! See more  » Genres: 8 September 1954 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: 4-Track Stereo | Mono (Western Electric Sound System) Color: Did You Know? Trivia Gene Kelly


What is the most northerly railway station on the Derwent Valley Line?

Liverpool to Norwich via Manchester, Sheffield, Nottingham, Grantham, Peterborough and Ely We connect Norwich to Liverpool with hourly services via Manchester, Sheffield and Nottingham. Advance ticket prices for popular journeys on this route: Liverpool to Manchester from £8.20 return Sheffield to Nottingham from £10.20 return Manchester to Sheffield from £11.20 return Use our  Best Fare Finder  now to help you find the cheapest Advance tickets available. Ivanhoe Line and Castle Line Leicester to Cleethropes via Nottingham and Lincoln The Ivanhoe Line connects the university town of Loughborough to the city of Leicester. 2016 marks the 175th anniversary of the first passenger service on the line. Our improvement programme on the Castle Line between Nottingham to Newark Castle and Lincoln is complete, with more trains, seats and benefits to stations. The North Staffordshire Line Derby to Crewe via Stoke-On-Trent Passing through three of the UK’s most scenic counties, the North Staffordshire Line is your starting point to a host of major cities and holiday destinations. Derwent Valley Line Matlock to Newark Castle via Derby and Nottingham The Derwent Valley Line travels through the picturesque and historic landscape between Nottingham, Derby and Matlock. We run an hourly train service between Matlock and Nottingham, via Belper and Derby. On Monday to Saturday, trains from Matlock arrive in Derby in time to meet our Derby to London services. Find out more about the line with this handy  guide . The Derwent Valley Line offers fantastic opportunities for educational school trips to 18 great attractions at discounted group rates. Find out more. Derbyshire Dales – Peak Rail Rowsley South, Darley Dale and Matlock With the recent introduction of through ticketing from any Network Rail station through to Peak Rail* stations at Darley Dale and Rowsley South, travel to the Derbyshire Dales could not be easier. Using Derby as the hub, you can now change onto the hourly Nottingham to Matlock service, for a pleasant journey along the Derwent Valley World Heritage area and by a simple cross of the footbridge at Matlock, change onto Peak Rail services which gives close access to the beautiful Derbyshire Peak District and its historic houses and countryside. *Peak Rail services from Matlock operate on weekends and selected weekday dates only.  Poacher Line Nottingham to Skegness via Grantham From city to coast, the Poacher Line connects Nottingham to Skegness via Grantham, providing an essential train service linking East Lincolnshire to the rest of the UK rail network. Robin Hood Line Nottingham to Worksop via Mansfield The Robin Hood Line train service runs from Nottingham to Worksop via Mansfield Monday to Saturday and from Nottingham to Mansfield on Sundays. Take advantage of our special train ticket along the Robin Hood line - travel between Nottingham and Mansfield Woodhouse: adult day return tickets are £3 and child tickets only £1.50.


An aerodrome needs what to become an airport?

How Can I Become an Airport Manager? Education and Career FAQs How Can I Become an Airport Manager? Research what it takes to become an airport manager. Learn about job duties, education requirements, average wages and job outlook to find out if this is the career for you.                                                                                Schools offering Driver Training degrees can also be found in these popular choices . Career Information At a Glance Airport managers are responsible for the safe and efficient operation of airports. The following chart gives you an overview about a career as an airport manager. Degree Required Airport management; aviation; business management Key Skills Communication, negotiation, leadership, management and problem-solving Licensure and/or Certification Membership in American Association of Airline Executives may be preferred; U.S. Customs security clearance may be required Job Growth (2012-2022) $96,430 (for general and operations managers)* Source: *U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics What Does an Airport Manager Do? In order for airplanes to safely carry passengers around the nation and world, it's necessary for everything to be professionally managed on the ground. Many components, such as security, parking and gate management, must be maintained and run smoothly so that an airport can function. As an airport manager, you'll need to keep the facilities clean, oversee airline contracts and ensure the safety of the concourses for passengers, flight crews and visitors. With increases in federally regulated airport security, you'll have to ensure that the facility can adequately supply the necessary requirements for security equipment and personnel. What Education Do I Need? If you have your high school diploma or a GED, a good way to get the education you need to become an airport manager is to enroll in a bachelor's degree program in airport management or a closely related management field. In a typical bachelor's degree program in airport management, you'll gain a firm understanding of aviation, business and administration. A few topics you can expect to cover include airport planning, aerospace law, air cargo, human resource management, aviation safety, macroeconomics and business ethics. If you want to continue your education, you could consider enrolling in a master's degree program in airport management or business administration. What Skills Do I Need? In order to become an airport manger, you'll need to develop skills that allow you to effectively direct teams of people. A firm understanding of business psychology is necessary. You'll need to apply administration strategy to the very specific needs of an airport environment, such as development projects, facility use and emergency preparation. You must also be able to negotiate contracts with a wide variety of food and product vendors that operate from airports, as well as manage customer parking and ground traffic. What Is the Job Market Like? According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the number of general and operations managers was expected to grow 11 percent between 2012-2022 (ww.bls.gov). In 2014, Payscale.com stated that the middle half of airport managers earned roughly $41,000-$74,000 per year. The respondents to the salary website's survey indicated that the highest paid managers worked in Florida and Pennsylvania, each reporting high-end salaries at or near $100,000. To continue researching, browse degree options below for course curriculum, prerequisites and financial aid information.  Or, learn more about the subject by reading the related articles below: 1. Degree Options: Southern New Hampshire University responds quickly to information requests through this website. Popular programs at Southern New Hampshire University: Bachelor Degrees BS in Operations Management / Logistics and Transportation concentration Online Programs Available Colorado Tech


Which volcano lies between Italy and Sicily?

Italy Roundtable: Italy’s Active Volcanoes – Italy Travel Guide  in Planning a Trip  tagged active volcano / campania / Italy Roundtable / mt. etna / Planning a Trip / roundtable-guide / sicily / stromboli / vesuvius / volcano by Jessica This month, the Italy Roundtable bloggers decided to get elemental – we each chose one of the Greek classical elements to apply to Italy in some way. Maybe because Italy’s in the midst of the coldest winter it has experienced in 27 years , maybe because my favorite color is orange, maybe by pure chance, I’ve chosen the element of FIRE. And what that brings me to this month is, then: Volcanoes in Italy Travelers may more frequently associate Italy with its historic monuments and coastal views, but a quick peek at a topographical map of the peninsula reveals an incredibly mountainous country, indeed. Almost the entire border of Italy with its European neighbors is mountainous, with the Alps to the west and the Dolomites to the east. The Apennines run nearly the length of the entire boot, and even the mountains on the island of Sicily are an extension of the Apennine range. It should come as no surprise, then, that at least a few of those mountains are actually volcanoes. As it happens, Italy is home to the only active volcanoes in mainland Europe – and it’s got quite a few. Some of these volcanoes are islands (and occupy pretty much all the land area on the island), and some of them are so active they’re listed as having “continuous activity” – a tempting designation, no doubt, if you’re an adventurous traveler with a penchant for eruption photos. Active Volcanoes in Italy Italy has three active volcanoes, all of which are in southern Italy . There’s a host of inactive volcanoes in Italy, too, but since those can just as easily be called “mountains” or “hills” when they’re not apt to burp ash or lava, we’ll stick to the active volcanoes for the purposes of this article. Here’s a bit more about each of Italy’s active volcanoes, including where they are and how you can visit. Mount Etna – Sicily Italy’s largest and most active volcano is Mount Etna, near Sicily ‘s eastern coast, standing at over 10,900ft. It also happens to be one of the most active volcanoes on earth – it wears its “continuous activity” label with gusto. Etna was named one of 16 “Decade Volcanoes” by the United Nations, which recommended taking a closer look at the volcanoes listed because of their tendency to have particularly destructive eruptions but also how close they are to populated areas. Mount Etna may be in a constant state of erupting, but the kinds of eruptions aren’t all the same. Etna has a history of producing great clouds of gas and ash (pyroclastic flow) as well as fountains of lava. Additionally, there are six craters and hundreds of vents on Mount Etna now, which may produce different kinds of eruptions. As mentioned, Mount Etna is close to people – there are towns surrounding the base of the mountain, and the city of Catania lies within 30km of the peak. The last time an eruption from Etna was responsible for destroying a town was in 1928, but lava has damaged or destroyed countless buildings and transportation lines since. DOWNLOAD OUR TRAVEL GUIDES   Mount Etna: Visitor Information The point from which most tours of the volcano depart is Rifugio Sapienza, roughly 4,500ft from the summit on the south side of the mountain. Note that if you’d like to stay for longer than a regular day tour, Rifugio Sapienza is a true Italian rifugio – a mountain lodge providing rustic accommodation to hikers. Buses run daily from Catania and Nicolosi to the rifugio, and there’s also a big parking lot where you can leave your car (for a fee) if you’ve got a rental. There are also organized day tours you can book from the nearby resort area of Taormina, Nicolosi, and other area towns – these vary in terms of difficulty, so be sure to ask how strenuous the tour is before you book. Day tours range in price depending on the starting point and what’s included, but there are a few in the €35-75 per person range. Longer tours and