Which painter's last words were reputedly 'Drink to me'?

Famous Last Words You may enjoy this book with over              5,000 people's last words: Real             Last Words of Notable People Adams, John (1735-1826) "Thomas Jefferson--still survives..."  (4 July 1826. Jefferson died on the same day.) Adams, John Quincy (1767-1848) "This is the last of earth! I am content." Addison, Joseph (1672-1719) "See in what peace a Christian can die." Akiba ben Joseph (c.40-c.135) "The paper burns, but the words fly free."  (at the stake, when the Torah was also burned.) Antoinette, Marie (1755-1793) "Farewell, my children, forever. I go to your Father." Astor, Lady Nancy (1879-1964) "Jakie, is it my birthday or am I dying?"  (Seeing all her children assembled at her bedside in her last illness.) Austen, Jane (1775-1817) "Nothing but death." (When asked by her sister Cassandra if there was anything she wanted.) Baer, Max (1909-1959) [American boxer, Heavyweight Champion 1934-5] "Oh God, here I go..." Barrie, James M. (1860-1937) [Author of Peter Pan and other works] "I can't sleep." Barrymore, John (1882-1942) Die? I should say not, dear fellow. No Barrymore would allow such a conventional thing to happen to him. Bass, Sam (1851-1878) [Texas Outlaw] "Let me go - The world is bobbing around me." (Also reported as "The room is jumping up and down" and "The world is a bubble - trouble wherever you go".) Beaverbrook, Lord (1879-1964) "This is my final word. It is time for me to become an apprentice once more. I have not settled in which direction. But somewhere, sometime, soon." (The last public statement before his death, speech at Dorchester Hotel, 25 May 1964) Beck, Martha ( -1951) [American murderess] "My story is a love story, but only those who are tortured by love can understand what I mean. I was pictured as a fat, unfeeling woman. True, I am fat, but if that is a crime, how many of my sex are guilty. I am not unfeeling, stupid or moronic. My last words and my last thoughts are: Let him who is without sin cast the first stone." (Before her execution.) Becket, Thomas (c.1119-1179) "I am ready to die for my Lord, that in my blood the Church may obtain liberty and peace." (One version of his last words.) Beecher, Henry Ward (1813-1887) "Now comes the mystery." Beethoven, Ludwig van (1770-1827) "Friends applaud, the comedy is over." Beethoven's publisher's web site (www.schott-music.com) claims his secretary wrote that he said "Pity, Pity - too late!" Bevan, Aneurin (1897-1960) "I want to live because there are a few things I want to do." (During his last illness.) Bogart, Humphrey (1899-1957) "I should never have switched from Scotch to Martinis."  (Unverified -- attributed.) (A recent television biography of Bogart includes Lauren Bacall, his wife, saying that he was at home bedridden with cancer when she left the house briefly, maybe to do grocery shopping. "Hurry back", he said as she closed the door. When she returned he was dead.) Brown, James (1933-2006) "I'm going away tonight." (Reported by his personal manager, Charles Bobbit, who said he was at Brown's bedside when he died, and added that Brown said the statement above, then took three long, quiet breaths, and closed his eyes.) [American boxer, Heavyweight Champion 1934-5] "Oh God, here I go..." Browning, Elizabeth Barrett (1806-1861) "Beautiful." (When asked by her husband how she felt.) Bouhours, Dominique [French grammarian] "I am about to--or I am going to--die; either expression is used." Burbank, Luther (1849-1926) "I don't feel good." Byron, Lord (1788-1824) "Goodnight." Cavell, Edith Louisa (1865-1915) "Standing, as I do, in the view of God and eternity I realize that patriotism is not enough. I must have no hatred or bitterness towards anyone."  (To the chaplain who attended her before her execution by the Germans, 12 October 1915) Chaplin, Charles (1889-1977) When the priest who was attending him at his bedsite said "May the Lord have mercy on your soul", Chaplin is reported to have replied "Why Not? After all, it belongs to him." However, thi


Cyril Nicholas Henty-Dodd, a TV star from the1960s, died in August 2009 aged 74. Who was he better known as?

Simon Dee : Wikis (The Full Wiki) The Full Wiki More info on Simon Dee   Wikis       Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn't yet, but we're working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . Related top topics From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Simon Dee 29 August 2009 (aged 74) Nationality Domino Henty-Dodd (daughter) Taliesin Henty-Dodd (son) Cyril Nicholas Henty-Dodd [1] (28 July 1935 – 29 August 2009 [2] ), better known by his stage name Simon Dee, was a British television interviewer and radio disc jockey who hosted a twice-weekly BBC TV chat show, Dee Time in the late 1960s. After moving from the BBC to London Weekend Television (LWT) in 1970 he was dropped and his career never recovered. He died of bone cancer at 11:50am on 29 August 2009, [2] leaving three ex-wives, four children, and four grandchildren. [3] [4] Contents 9 External links Early career Simon Dee was born on 28 July 1935, in Manchester, the only child of Cyril Edwin P. Henty-Dodd (1906–1980) [5] and Gwendoline Simon who married in 1934 in Manchester South, though a Radio Caroline biography gave his birth place as Ottawa , Canada . [6] He was educated at Brighton College [citation needed] and Shrewsbury School . [7] He served his compulsory military service in the Royal Air Force photoreconnaissance unit, taking aerial photographs of the combat zone during the 1956 Suez Crisis , and being wounded in the face by a sniper in Cyprus . While stationed in Baghdad with RAF Intelligence, he auditioned for British Forces Radio . Demobilised in 1958, his first civilian jobs included bouncer in a coffee bar, actor, photographic assistant to Balfour de Havilland (dismissed when he loaded the wrong film into the camera for a fashion shoot, and none of the photos came out), builders' labourer, leaf-sweeper in Hyde Park , and vacuum cleaner salesman. [8] Radio Caroline In 1964 he joined Radio Caroline , a pirate radio ship broadcasting pop music from outside UK territorial waters. On 30 March, Easter day, his was the first voice to be heard on the radio station, welcoming listeners and handing over to the only other DJ on the ship at the time, Chris Moore , for the opening programme. [9] BBC In 1965 Dee was given a job on the BBC Light Programme , introducing a late-night show on Saturdays. He also worked on Radio Luxembourg . He told a reporter at the time that he left Caroline "while the going was good". [10] After BBC Radio 1 opened in 1967, he introduced the Monday edition of Midday Spin and sometimes presented Top of the Pops on BBC television. [8] In 1967 Dee began his early evening chat show Dee Time on BBC television. The show became very popular, with up to 18 million viewers. Dee Time opened with sports presenter Len Martin announcing "It's Siiiiimon Dee!", imitating The Johnny Carson show , and closed with a shot of Dee driving off in an E-type Jaguar with blonde model Lorna McDonald . Only two complete editions of Dee Time survive in the BBC archives; the programme was transmitted live and the BBC rarely recorded live programmes they did not intend to repeat. He became very successful and adopted an extravagant lifestyle.[citation needed] In the 2004 Channel Four TV programme, Dee Construction, fellow DJ Tony Blackburn recalled, "He used to drive up and down the King's Road in an Aston Martin driven by his secretary. To be honest, I thought that was a bit of a waste of money." [11] He had cameo roles in films, including The Italian Job (1969) and Doctor in Trouble (1970). ITV Due to a disagreement between Dee and BBC bosses over Dee's huge salary demands - he was being paid £250 per show (equivalent to some £3100 today) and claimed ITV were offering him £1000, his contract was reviewed in 1969 and he left the channel. [8] It is said that the BBC's Head of Light Entertainment Bill Cotton not only refused the pay rise that Dee demanded, but said that he would cut Dee's wages by 20 per cent "to test his loyalty". [11] He was offered £100,000 for a two-year c


"In the USA what is celebrated on 2""d February?"

Groundhog Day in the United States Home   Calendar   Holidays   the United States   Groundhog Day Groundhog Day in the United States Groundhog Day falls on February 2 in the United States, coinciding with Candlemas . It is a part of popular culture among many Americans and it centers on the idea of the groundhog coming out of its home to “predict” the weather. The groundhog plays an important role on Groundhog Day. The groundhog plays an important role on Groundhog Day. ©iStockphoto.com/David P. Lewis What Do People Do? Groundhog Day is a popular observance in many parts of the United States. Although some states have in some cases adopted their own groundhogs, the official groundhog, Punxsutawney Phil, lives at Gobbler’s Knob near Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania. The town has attracted thousands of visitors over the years to experience various Groundhog Day events and activities on February 2. The Punxsutawney Groundhog Club plays an important role in organizing Groundhog Day in the town. Club members, news reporters, locals, and visitors meet at Gobbler’s Knob on February 2 each year to await Phil’s appearance and his weather prediction. Pennsylvania’s governor has been known to attend Groundhog Day ceremonies. Many weather researchers questioned the groundhog’s accuracy in predicting the weather, but some of the groundhog’s fans may not agree. Public Life Groundhog Day is an observance but it is not a public holiday in the United States. However, areas around parks and some streets may be busy or congested in towns, such as Punxsutawney, where Groundhog Day events are popular. Roots in Nature Thousands of years ago when animalism and nature worship were prevalent, people in the area of Europe now known as Germany believed that the badger had the power to predict the coming of spring. They watched the badger to know when to plant their crops. By the time the first German immigrants settled in Pennsylvania they probably understood that this was not true but the tradition continued. Unfortunately, there were not many badgers in Pennsylvania so the groundhog was substituted for the badger. Tradition has it that if the groundhog sees its shadow on February 2 it will be frightened by it and will then return to its burrow, indicating that there will be 6 more weeks of winter. If it does not see its shadow, then spring is on the way. Punxsutawney Phil Punxsutawney held its first Groundhog Day in the United States in the 1800s. The first official trek to Gobbler's Knob was made on February 2, 1887. It is said that Punxsutawney Phil (the groundhog) was named after King Phillip. He was called Br'er Groundhog prior to being known as Phil. Canada also celebrates Groundhog Day. The movie “Groundhog Day” from 1993, starring comedian Bill Murray, made Punxsutawney Phil in Pennsylvania famous worldwide. The film's plot added new meaning to the term “Groundhog Day” as something that repeats itself endlessly. Note: References to seasonal changes in this article relate to the Northern Hemisphere.


In the Royal Navy what is the equivalent rank to a Field Marshal in the Army?

Field marshal | Military Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia For other uses, see Field marshal (disambiguation) . Field marshal is a very senior military rank , ordinarily senior to the general officer ranks. Usually it is the highest rank in an army, and when it is, few (if any) persons are appointed to it. The origin of the rank dates to the early Middle Ages , originally meaning the keeper of the king's horses (from Old German Marh-scalc = "horse-servant"), from the time of the early Frankish kings. Promotion to the rank of field marshal in many countries historically required extraordinary military achievement by a general (a wartime victory). However, the rank has also been used as a divisional command rank and also as a brigade command rank. Examples of the different uses of the rank include Austria-Hungary, Prussia and Germany for an extraordinary achievement; Spain and Mexico for a divisional command (Spanish, mariscal de campo); and France, Portugal and Brazil for a brigade command (French: maréchal de camp, Portuguese marechal de campo). The traditional attribute distinguishing a field marshal is a baton . The baton nowadays is purely ornamental, and as such may be richly decorated. That said, it is not necessary for the insignia to be a baton. (Such is the case in Russia post-1991 and the former Soviet Union, which use a jewelled star referred to as a marshal's star .) The exact wording of the titles used by field marshals varies: examples include " marshal " and " field marshal general ". The air force equivalent in the Commonwealth and many Middle Eastern air forces is marshal of the air force (not to be confused with air marshal ). (Navies, which usually do not use the nomenclature employed by armies or air forces, use titles such as " fleet admiral ," " grand admiral " or " admiral of the fleet " for the equivalent rank.) Contents Edit During Imperial rule in China, different dynasty gave different titles to generals. A very similar title is “司馬” ( sima ) in Eastern Han dynasty, which literally means "master of horse", and later became a two-character surname too. “司馬” is one of the Three Excellencies in Eastern Han, who is in charge of the country's military affairs. Later, a more common title for a field marshal or a commandant was (元帅 Yuan Shuai ) or grand field marshal (大元帅 da yuan shuai). One of the most famous of these generals was Yue Fei from the Song Dynasty After the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, it has promoted 10 military commanders to the rank of marshal. Egypt Edit Field Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi was President Hosni Mubarak 's Defence Minister and, after Mubarak was forced from power in the 2011 Egyptian revolution , Chairman of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (thus de facto head of state). The current Minister of Defence is General Abdul Fattah Al Sisi France Main article: Maréchal de camp In the French army of the Ancien Régime, the normal brigade command rank was field marshal (maréchal de camp). In 1793, during the French Revolution , the rank of field marshal was replaced by the rank of brigade general. The rank insignia of field marshal was two stars (one-star being used for a senior colonel rank). The French field marshal rank was below lieutenant-general , which in 1793 became divisional-general . In the title maréchal de camp and the English "field marshal", there is an etymological confusion in the French camp between the English words "camp" and "field". The French rank of field marshal should not be confused with the rank of Marshal of France , which has been the highest rank of the French Army since the higher dignity of Marshal General of France was abolished in 1848 (although in theory it is not an actual rank but a "state dignity") India Until the end of World War II , Japan also bestowed the honorary title of field marshal (元帥 gensui) on successful generals and admirals; they would however retain their ranks of general and admiral . Pakistan army Edit Field Marshal Muhammad Ayub Khan has remained the only field marshal in the Pakistan army to d


Basilisk | WoWWiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Edit Basilisks are heavily-armored, six-legged lizards which are related to the crocolisk . Basilisk stomachs are capable of dissolving nearly anything. Because of this, basilisks have a fondness for eating crystals and rocks from the area they inhabit. This not only makes their hides extremely hard, but gives them a unique power. They're best known for their ability to petrify a person with their stare. Due to this, basilisk parts are often sought by mages and alchemists for study. These powerful, enchanted creatures are something of an anomaly throughout the land of Azeroth. [1] Basilisks are large-thick bodied reptiles with six stumpy legs and a scaly hide studded with shimmering crystals. Their eyes shine with a pale, eerie glow. [2]  (MoM 17) The basilisks of Azeroth long had a fondness for the legendary "singing crystals" that grow in Stranglethorn Vale . The creatures built their nests near the crystal beds and even rubbed against them. In time, basilisks were born with chunks of crystal growing from their hides. The crystals' mystical nature gives basilisks great power against any would invade their lairs. While gentle enough when left alone, basilisks will defend their nests with great ferocity. In addition to biting and clawing, basilisks will focus the power of the crystals in their hide to plunge intruders into slumber, lull their prey to sleep or even turn them to stone. As a side effect of eating the crystals, the Basilisk have mutated: the mystical crystals now grow from their scaly hides, giving them even greater power against their enemies. [1] If that attack should fail, basilisks unleash their petrifying gaze upon their foes. [2]  (MoM 17) Basilisks are possessed of barely more than animal intelligence, but can put prey to sleep or even turn enemies to stone (if they aren't hungry). While fierce fighters, basilisks do not exhibit cruel or violent tendencies. They defend their territories and hunt other creatures, even sapient ones, for food. Basilisks' hides range from dark chestnut shades of brown to mossy green and ocean blue. Males tend to be larger and brighter than females. Immature basilisks usually stand as tall and wide as an adult boar. Full-grown basilisks grow to 10 feet in length and weigh up to 2,500 pounds. After mating, a basilisk pair remains together for several months. The female buries her eggs in warm earth and rotting plant matter; she guards the eggs while her mate hunts and brings her food. After the young hatch, the male departs. A basilisk stays at range and targets its enemies with sleep. Once its prey enters range, the basilisk switches to its petrifying gaze attack. When the enemy reaches a distance of 15 or so from the basilisk, the basilisk charges. Basilisks are ferocious fighters but not suicidal; they retreat when the odds turn against them. [3]  (MG 11-12) Outland basilisks Edit Another type of creature native to Outland is also known as a basilisk. Unlike a normal basilisk, their skin comes in smooth bright colors, and they have three glowing eyes. These basilisks are commonly found in various zones throughout Outland, often inhabiting the cracked edges of the world. Their notable drops include Chunk o' Basilisk and Dampscale Basilisk Eye . Hunter pet Edit In European bestiaries and legends, a basilisk is a legendary reptile reputed to be king of serpents and said to have the power of causing death by a single glance. The basilisk is popular in some forms of fantasy (a large number of readers will recognize the major antagonist from Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets), in some cases as a traditional snake, in others as a sort of lizard. Though it is generally believed that basilisks are capable of reproducing normally, it is possible to create a basilisk through a sort of magical ritual — this species was not thought to breed naturally, the arcane offspring of a chicken and a toad. This parentage created the composite "cockatrice" image of a serpent with certain elements of chicken biology. As a rule of thumb, "basilis


What Is All Souls Day (And Why Do Catholics Celebrate It)? By Scott P. Richert Updated October 18, 2016. Often overshadowed by the two days preceding it, Halloween (October 31) and All Saints Day (November 1), All Souls Day is a solemn celebration in the Roman Catholic Church commemorating all of those who have died and are now in Purgatory , being cleansed of their venial sins and the temporal punishments for the mortal sins that they had confessed, and being made pure before entering into the presence of God in Heaven. Quick Facts About All Souls Day Date: November 2 Type of Feast: Commemoration Readings: Wisdom 3:1-9; Psalm 23:1-3a, 3b-4, 5, 6; Romans 5:5-11 or Romans 6:3-9; John 6:37-40 ( full text here ) Other Names for the Feast: All Souls' Day, Feast of All Souls The History of All Souls Day The importance of All Souls Day was made clear by Pope Benedict XV (1914-22), when he granted all priests the privilege of celebrating three Masses on All Souls Day: one for the faithful departed; one for the priest's intentions; and one for the intentions of the Holy Father. On only a handful of other very important feast days are priests allowed to celebrate more than two Masses. While All Souls Day is now paired with All Saints Day (November 1), which celebrates all of the faithful who are in Heaven, it originally was celebrated in the Easter season , around Pentecost Sunday (and still is in the Eastern Catholic Churches). By the tenth century, the celebration had been moved to October; and sometime between 998 and 1030, St. Odilo of Cluny decreed that it should be celebrated on November 2 in all of the monasteries of his Benedictine congregation. Over the next two centuries, other Benedictines and the Carthusians began to celebrate it in their monasteries as well, and soon the commemoration of all the Holy Souls in Purgatory spread to the entire Church. Offering Our Efforts on Behalf of the Holy Souls On All Souls Day, we not only remember the dead, but we apply our efforts, through prayer, almsgiving, and the Mass, to their release from Purgatory. There are two plenary indulgences attached to All Souls Day, one for visiting a church and another for visiting a cemetery . (The plenary indulgence for visiting a cemetery can also be obtained every day from November 1-8, and, as a partial indulgence , on any day of the year.) While the actions are performed by the living, the merits of the indulgences are applicable only to the souls in Purgatory. Since a plenary indulgence removes all of the temporal punishment for sin, which is the reason why souls are in Purgatory in the first place, applying a plenary indulgence to one of the Holy Souls in Purgatory means that the Holy Soul is released from Purgatory and enters Heaven.  Praying for the dead is a Christian obligation. In the modern world, when many have come to doubt the Church's teaching on Purgatory , the need for such prayers has only increased. The Church devotes the month of November to prayer for the Holy Souls in Purgatory , and participation in the Mass of All Souls Day is a good way to begin the month.


Which actress has the real name Illiana Lydia Petrovna Mironova?

Helen Mirren - Biography - IMDb Helen Mirren Jump to: Overview  (4) | Mini Bio  (1) | Spouse  (1) | Trivia  (75) | Personal Quotes  (48) Overview (4) 5' 4" (1.63 m) Mini Bio (1) Dame Helen Mirren was born in Queen Charlotte's Hospital in West London. Her mother, Kathleen Alexandrina Eva Matilda (Rogers), was from a working-class English family, and her father, Vasiliy Petrovich Mironov, was a Russian-born civil servant, from Kuryanovo, whose own father was a diplomat. Mirren attended St. Bernards High School for girls, where she would act in school productions. After high school, she began her acting career in theatre working in many titles, all the way up to Broadway. - IMDb Mini Biography By: Aidanmacv Spouse (1) ( 31 December  1997      - present) Trivia (75) Her paternal grandparents were Russian. Her grandfather, Piotr Vasilievich Mironoff, was a Tsarist aristocrat who was in London negotiating an arms deal during World War I when the 1917 Russian Revolution stranded him there. His wife and son (Helen's father) joined him in London. On her mother's side, she is of English descent. Before marrying director Taylor Hackford in 1997, she had lived with him in Los Angeles since 1986. Used to work in Southend on Sea; Essex; UK at an amusement park "The Kursaal" as a "blagger" to attract customers on to rides. She was awarded the Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 2003 Queen's Birthday Honours List for her services to drama. John Boorman said he cast her opposite Nicol Williamson in Excalibur (1981), against both of their protests, because he felt their dislike of each other made them perfect as rivals Morgana and Merlin. She allegedly refused the C.B.E. (Commander of Order of the British Empire) in 1996. Nominated for Best Actress, Laurence Olivier Theatre Award for her performance of "Orpheus Descending" at the Donmar Warehouse. [2001] Nominated for Best Actress, Laurence Olivier Theatre Award for her performance in "Mourning Becomes Electra" at the Royal National Theatre: Lyttelton Stage. [2004] Became an Associate Member of RADA. Nominated for Best Actress, Tony Award for "Dance of Death" by August Strindberg . [2002] Despite her Russian birth name and ancestry, she does not speak Russian, but is fluent in French. Her great-great-great-great-grandfather was field-marshal Kamensky, one of the Russian heroes of the Napoleonic wars. She is the only actress to play both Queen Elizabeth I (in Elizabeth I (2005)) and Queen Elizabeth II ( The Queen (2006)). At the premiere of The Queen (2006) at the Venice Film Festival, her performance received a 5 minute standing ovation. Member of the jury at the Venice Film Festival in 2004. Played a Queen a total of six times: The Queen (2006), Elizabeth I (2005), The Prince of Egypt (1998), The Snow Queen (1995), The Madness of King George (1994), and Caligula (1979). Became the third person, after Sigourney Weaver and Joan Plowright , to win two Golden Globes for acting in the same year. The characters she played were both Queens of England, Queen Elizabeth I and Queen Elizabeth II . She dedicated her BAFTA win for The Queen (2006) (for Best Actress in a Leading Role) to Ian Richardson for playing a huge part in her success story. She said (in her acceptance speech) that Richardson was very supportive towards her when she started out acting, and without him she may not have been so successful. She dedicated this award two days after Richardson died. [2007] Nominated for Best Actress, Tony Award for "A Month in the Country" by Ivan Turgenev . [1995] She and her husband Taylor Hackford are both Oscar-winners. She owns houses in Los Angeles, London, and the south of France. According to the April 2007 issue of Architectural Digest, She and her husband have sold their estate in New Orleans, which still remains her favorite American city. She won an Oscar for playing Queen Elizabeth II in The Queen (2006), making her one of 17 actors to win the Award for playing a real person who was still alive at the evening of the Award ceremony (as of 2015). The other sixtee


In the RAF what is the highest non-commissioned officer's rank?

RAF Recruitment | Structure Search Structure The RAF's organisational structure is designed to bring out your best. Regulars and Reserves work and train side-by-side, in teams and according to their rank. Life as a Regular RAF Regulars are our full-time personnel that form the foundation of the RAF, playing a critical role in defence and peacekeeping operations. Regulars serve all over the UK and wherever in the world they’re called upon. They live an exciting life while developing vital skills that will serve them throughout their careers. Life as a Reserve RAF Reserves train and work alongside Regulars in their spare-time. Reserves train to the same high standards as Regular personnel and perform a crucial role within the organisation. Working around their day job, using their weekends, they gain transferable skills and a rewarding lifestyle that offers the best of both worlds. Rank Like any global organisation, the RAF relies upon a highly-effective management structure. Everyone has a role and a rank. Their rank defines the level of responsibility within the role. As RAF personnel you’ll come under one of three different rank structures depending on your role. These are Commissioned Officer, Airman or Airwoman or Non-Commissioned Aircrew. Officers Officers are the RAF’s equivalent of a management role. After completing initial officer training, officers will be awarded ‘The Queen’s Commission’. This empowers them to give orders and lead others on behalf of the Crown. The rank structure for officers, in descending order, is: Air Chief Marshal Pilot Officer Airmen & Airwomen Airmen and Airwomen make up the majority of RAF personnel, bringing their specialist skills to provide vital ground support roles. These personnel do not have a commission. As they gain experience and qualifications they can apply for a commission later in their career. The rank structure for airmen and airwomen, in descending order, is: Warrant Officer Chief Technician (Technical Trades Only) Sergeant Lance Corporal (Regt Gunner Only) SAC Technician (Technical Trades Only) Senior Aircraftman/Aircraftwoman (SAC) Aircraftman/Aircraftwoman Non-Commissioned Aircrew Non-Commissioned Aircrew play an important flying role. They have a slightly different rank structure from other non-commissioned personnel. The rank structure for Non-Commissioned Aircrew, in descending order, is: Master Aircrew


Which Roman road linked Lincoln to Exeter?

Fosse Way Fosse Way Roman Britain, with the Fosse Way in red Fosse Way from the top of Brinklow Castle, Warwickshire The Fosse Way was a Roman road in England that linked Exeter ( Isca Dumnoniorum) in South West England to Lincoln ( Lindum Colonia) in the East Midlands, via Ilchester ( Lindinis), Bath ( Aquae Sulis), Cirencester ( Corinium) and Leicester ( Ratae Corieltauvorum). It joined Akeman Street and Ermin Way at Cirencester, crossed Watling Street at Venonis ( High Cross) south of Leicester, and joined Ermine Street at Lincoln. The word Fosse is derived from the Latin fossa, meaning ditch. For the first few decades after the Roman invasion of Britain in AD 43, the Fosse Way marked the western frontier of Roman rule. It is possible that the road began as a defensive ditch that was later filled in and converted into a road, or possibly a defensive ditch ran alongside the road for at least some of its length. The Fosse Way is the only Roman road in Britain to retain its original Latin name. Most others were named by the Saxons, centuries after the Romans left Britain. It is remarkable for its extremely direct route: from Lincoln to Ilchester in Somerset, a distance of 182 miles, it is never more than six miles from a straight line. Today's route Many sections of the Fosse Way form parts of modern roads and lanes, and parish, district or county boundaries. Several place names on the route have the suffix -cester or -chester, which is from the Latin castra meaning military camp. Some settlements are named after the road itself, such as Fosse-, or -on-Fosse, while others have a more generic form, such as Street, Strete, -le-Street, Stratton, Stretton, Stratford, and Stretford, from the Latin strata, meaning paved road. Lincoln to Leicester Between Lincoln and Leicester the A46 follows the route of the Fosse Way. The A46 deviates from Fosse Way at East Goscote, to follow the Leicester Western Bypass. The original alignment is still visible, as an unclassified road called Fosse Way passes through Syston, continuing as the minor road Melton Road through Thurmaston, before merging with the A607 (the old A46), continuing into the city centre on the old alignment, first as Melton Road then Belgrave Road and Belgrave Gate. The alignment terminates at the Clock Tower, and picks up again at Narborough Road (the A5460), on the other side of the River Soar. Leicester to Cirencester South of Leicester, apart from a short deviation near Narborough where the original course is no longer visible, the B4114 (the A46 until renumbered on the building of the M69) follows the route. A couple of miles north of the A5, the B4114 diverges from the line of the Fosse Way to pass through the village of Sharnford. For two miles the route of the Fosse Way is followed by a minor road which, although single track, runs along a much wider and slightly domed strip of land with deep ditches either side (the agger). The modern road ends at a picnic site car park, and a further mile and a half southwards can be explored on foot. The junction with Watling Street , now the A5, is at High Cross (Roman name Venonis). Watling Street is the the county boundary between Leicestershire and Warwickshire. The Fosse Way follows the B4455 across Warwickshire, through Street Ashton, Stretton-under-Fosse, Stretton-on-Dunsmore, and the site of a Roman town near Chesterton , until it joins the A429 near the boundary with Gloucestershire. The route then follows the A429 through Stretton-on-Fosse, Moreton-in-Marsh, Stow-on-the-Wold, Northleach and Fossebridge, to Cirencester, where it crosses Akeman Street and Ermin Way. Cirencester to Bath South of Cirencester the Fosse Way follows a short section of the A433, then goes cross country, following the county boundary between Gloucestershire and Wiltshire, across the old airfield at RAF Kemble, then follows fragmented sections of country lanes. It passes near the Iron Age hill fort of Bury Camp and another section of the county boundary, before dropping through Batheaston and into Bath back onto the A46. Bath to Ilchester Bet


Which British coin ceased to be legal tender in 1970?

Decimal Coins of the UK - The Change to Decimal Coinage The Change to Decimal Coinage Pictures of Decimal Coins Decimalisation Day D-Day was February 15th 1971. On that day the United Kingdom changed from the centuries old tradition of using 12 pence to the shilling and 20 shillings to the pound to a new decimal 100 new pence to the pound. Options considered There had been much debate as to the best way of implementing the switch. Australia used a dollar valued at ten old shillings, making the new cent equal to 1.2 old pence, a small change in value. An alternative was to go to a pound-mil system, with a mil equal to 0.24 old pence, a latter-day successor to the farthing. Another was to keep the penny and have a new unit at 100 pence (eight shillings and fourpence). However, in the UK the pound was considered to be particularly important because of the UK's international trading status. In addition, having a new penny worth 2.4 old pence was less of a problem as inflation had made its purchasing power insignificant. As a temporary measure a half new penny was introduced, but as will be seen this had a short life. There was even a pattern quarter penny made in aluminium, but this was not proceeded with. It was realised at the time that the decision was made that the life of the halfpenny would be very short, but it was felt necessary despite the considerable extra cost of having to mint the coin. Banks never accepted transactions involving an odd halfpenny. The Timetable for the Change The change was made gradually over three years, in a number of stages. In 1968 new shillings and florins were issued as 5 new pence and 10 new pence coins. The older shillings and florins continued to  circulate long after decimalisation until the size of the coins was reduced. Theoretically  silver coins from 1816 could still have been found in change, but the active  withdrawal of silver in the years following the change in 1947, followed  by the combination of a dramatic rise in the price of silver with devaluation  in 1967 meant that silver coins rapidly vanished from circulation. Blue plastic wallets containing the new 5p and 10p coins dated 1968, along with 1/2p, 1p and 2p  coins dated 1971 were put on sale. These wallets are still very common. In October 1969 the 50 new pence piece replaced the 10 shilling note, which ceased to be legal tender on 22nd November 1970. The old halfpenny was demonetised on 1st August 1969. The half-crown was demonetised on 1st January 1970. The remaining decimal coins became legal tender on 15th February 1971.  Maundy coins (and silver threepenny pieces of Maundy design, i.e. with  a crowned three on the reverse) were revalued as being in new pence at the same time. The changeover was so rapid that the old penny and nickel brass threepence pieces  had been removed from circulation by the end of 1971, although I know  of one shop in the Yorkshire Dales which continued to use the old currency  for a long time on the basis that 'this new-fangled stuff will never catch on'. The old penny and threepence coins ceased to be legal tender on 31st August 1971, just over six months after D-day. It is no longer possible to exchange them for current coins at a bank. Later Developments The sixpence , which was allowed to continue circulating at 2½ new pence, was eventually withdrawn at the end of June 1980. I am indebted to Brian Dominic for the following quote from John Glover's book "London's Underground": "The adoption of decimal currency on 15 February 1971 posed a few problems for London Transport, which had favoured the £ Sterling being halved in value and divided into 100 pence - what today might be termed a '50p pound'. With their extensive use of coin operated machines, the Board took strong exception to the proposed introduction of ½p coins, the lack of any coin between 2p and 5p, and the lack of a close relationship of old values and coins with the new. It was all too difficult for them, and it was indeed at London Transport's behest that the 2½p (sixpence) was retained in the coinag


The Roman road Ermine Street started in London and terminated in which city?

h2g2 - Ermine Street - A Journey through Roman Britain - Edited Entry Watling Street | The Fosse Way | Ermine Street Ermine Street was a Roman road built between the years 45 and 75 AD. It started in London and was extended north as the conquest of Britain progressed as far north as York , and beyond. Ermine Street is still mostly in existence today. The Start of Ermine Street Unlike Watling Street, Ermine Street has one clear starting point and a clear direct route. The name Ermine Street is not the road's original Roman name; instead, it is the Saxon name for the road, Earningstraet the road of Earn's folk. Starting in London (Londinium), it proceeds via Braughing, Wimpole Lodge, Godmanchester (Durovigvtum) to Water Newton (Durobrivae), where it crosses the river Nene. After the Nene crossing, the road heads north through Great Casterton, Saltersford, Ancaster and into Lincoln (Lindum). As Ermine Street continues north from Lincoln, it passes through Owmby and Hibaldstow to reach Winteringham, a ferry crossing of the river Humber (Abus Fluvius). The ferry would lead to the seaport of Brough on Humber (Petvaria) on the northern side of the Humber, following which the road continues north to York (Eburacum), a major city with access via the river Ouse 1 , to the Humber and thus the sea. We are going to travel back in time to 100 - 200 AD, when the journey described in this Entry would have been possible. You will see 14 settlements, from the grand to the rural, some of which existed just to serve the garrison of a nearby fort, and to give shelter to the travellers on Ermine Street. The journey on foot will take a minimum of about nine days - that's assuming you walk eight hours a day, travelling an average of 32 to 33 miles per day. It is interesting to note that the longest distance between any two points on this journey is the 27 miles between London and Braughing. This is less than one day's travel for foot soldiers, although wagons and carts could be as slow as eight miles a day. All distances given are starting from London. The condition of the towns and sites today is shown in the heading. No longer visible, or built over. Some evidence visible in the ground: building platforms, mounds and crop marks. Some ruins are visible above ground. Visible site with museum support. A major site and tourist attraction. In addition, the Roman name of the each site is given, where known. London Translation: 'The town of Lugh' Condition: 5 Founded in 43 AD, London was originally established as a fort. There is evidence of three legions in the city, the Second (Augusta), the Sixth (Victorious) and the Twentieth. It was constructed at a suitable point on the Thames where a bridge could be built using the islands in the river. Protected by substantial walls enclosing an area of of 145,000 square metres, and a legionary fort, Londinium's houses were mostly built from stone. It had many fine stone municipal buildings, including a governor's palace, theatres. The temples were dedicated to a variety of deities: Jupiter, Cybele, Sol Invictus, Mithras, Mars, the Spirits of the Emperors and Isis. LONDINI AD FANVM ISIDIS From London the temple of Isis, this inscription was found inscribed on pottery in a settlement on Watling Street, on the Kent side of the Thames. This appears to indicate that there was a souvenir trade established near the temples in the city. The streets were mainly paved. The town achieved the status of provincial capital in 190 AD and the city walls were started shortly after. At this time London's six land gates were established and their names and locations still survive. They are Lud Gate (now Ludgate), New Gate, Alders Gate (now part of the Barbican area), Cripple Gate 2 , Bishops Gate (now Bishopsgate, next to Liverpool Street) and Ald Gate (now Aldgate). Moorgate, another gate on the path of the London Wall, was constructed at a later date. There was also a bridge over the Thames to the south of the city. Total so far: 0 miles. Roads leaving London at this important road junction: To the south over the Thames bri


`If music be the food of love play on' is the opening line of which Shakespeare play?

If music be the food of love, play on - eNotes Shakespeare Quotes If music be the food of love, play on Duke Orsino: If music be the food of love, play on, Give me excess of it; that surfeiting, The appetite may sicken, and so die. Read on Owl Eyes This eText is now on Owl Eyes. Clicking this link will open a new window. Duke Orsino of Illyria, presiding over the merry, mixed-up world of Twelfth Night, opens the play with these festive sentiments, soured though they be by the affected airs of the melancholic lover. He has convinced himself that he's insanely in love with a wealthy and resistant lady, who is in mourning for her brother and only annoyed by Orsino's inappropriate attentions. The duke's idea of a cure for his disease is to stuff himself sick with his own passions. Orsino's brand of self-indulgent pouting comes in for much ribbing here and elsewhere in Shakespeare, most vividly in As You Like It and Much Ado about Nothing. For melancholic poseurs like Orsino, who are actually expected to make spectacles of themselves, affecting gestures are more important than sincere emotions.


What is the name of the casing in which a ship's compass is kept?

Nautical compasses 1 ANSCHï¿½TZ PROFILE - Hermann (Hubert Josef) Anschï¿½tz-Kaempfe (* 3 October 1872 in Zweibrï¿½cken; † 6 May 1931 in Munich) was a German scientist and the inventor of the compass gyro (called "Kreiselapparat" in his patent no. 182.855, issued 27 Apr. 1904). Since this device is a gyroscopic and not a magnetic compass, we do not deal with it in this museum (see also Sperry pat. 1,279,479). The company Anschï¿½tz & Co. was created on 28 October 1905 in Kiel and taken over by Raytheon in 1995. For more details, read on the  official web site of the city of Kiel the article 100 Jahre Produktion Anschï¿½tz-Kreiselkompasse in Kiel (100 years production of Anschï¿½tz compass gyros in Kiel). Concerning the magnetic compasses for German WW1 submarines, go to U-Boot. Labels on binnacle and connectors box (Click on images for enlarged views) Fotos A. Kï¿½nig Compass and binnacle ASKANIA PROFILE - German manufacturer (See also Wrist and Marching compasses - more information  HERE ). Its 3-letter-code during WWII was bxx ( click on link for pic. courtesy J-L Rosoux. The central part marked ASKANIA came probably after WWII in replacement for a part bearing the nazi eagle and svastika ). Picture at right courtesy J. Hessels The first Askania compasses are identical to the Carl Bamberg instruments, only the designation varies. In the following catalogues different abreviations are used. It is not possible to show the complete scope. The figure represents the card's diameter in mm. Pictures of compasses in the table below are taken from the catalogues "Nautik 35 and Nautik 36" and also from the catalogue of Askania VEB Teltow. In 1954, due to the existence of ASKANIA West Germany (FRG), the plants in the communist East Germany (GDR) were renamed into VEB Gerï¿½te- und Regler-Werke Teltow (VEB GRW Teltow - 2nd row in table below). 3rd row: This is not a compass but a pelorus . Cards for dry card and for fluid-damped compasses Askania - VEB TELTOW (former GDR, inside pages ) (Click on the pictures for enlarged views) Pictures courtesy Holger "beutelbuch*de" BAMBERG PROFILE - Carl Bamberg was a German compass manufacturer located in Friedenau near Berlin (for more information click HERE ). The company merged in 1921 with ASKANIA (above). Other products: see also Pocket and Aeronautical compasses. The catalogue Nautik XVII (pic at right) describes compasses and binnacles (see table below). Another catalog (link to pic. Nautik XIX ) describes the Instruments necessary for determining the magnetic forces and swinging the compasses, especially the  magnetometer . Submarines (U-boote) were equiped with Anschï¿½tz gyro-compasses but for more safety a conventional compass was also installed on-board. See specific entry U-Boot . Concerning type M 414 the following explanation was published on the web site warrelics.eu by drmessimer : "They were introduced into the Kaiserliche-Marine in 1908 and were installed in four early Kï¿½rting engine U-boats, U-1 to 4. Starting in 1910, only one and three axis gyro-compasses were installed in the U-boats under construction (U-5 to 15) and all subsequent boats until the end of the war. No magnetic compasses were installed in U-boats that were launched after 1909" (source: Arno Spindler, Der Handelskrieg mit U-Booten, Chapter 10 - Das U-Bootsmaterial. Die militï¿½risch-technischen Vorbereitung und Vorbedingungen fï¿½r den U-Bootskrieg, pp. 78-94, E. S. Mittler & Sohn, 1932). They were installed in surface craft throughout the war, but not used as the primary navigating compass." DRY COMPASSES PROFILE - Former French company created in 1826 and located in Marseilles also known as Ateliers Julien. Partly taken over by BEN (Bianchetti Electronique Navigation) in 1962. Binnacle Description given in a late 19th c. book: A binnacle is a waist-high case or stand on the deck of a ship, generally mounted in front of the helmsman, in which navigational instruments are placed for easy and quick reference as well as to protect the delicate instruments. Its traditional purpose is to hold the ship's magne


What was the Christian name of Bertie Wooster's manservant Jeeves?

Much Obliged, Jeeves (Jeeves and the Tie That Binds) Much Obliged, Jeeves (Jeeves and the Tie That Binds) Main page / Bibliography / Much Obliged, Jeeves (Jeeves and the Tie That Binds) UK Title: Much Obliged, Jeeves First published in UK: October 15 1971 by Barrie & Jenkins, London US Title: Jeeves and the Tie That Binds First published in US: October 15 1971 by Simon & Schuster, New York Russian translation Tysyach blagodarnostej, Dzhivs by L. Motyleva, L. Motylev: 2001, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2011 Political dynamite threatens to explode in Market Snodbury. At Junior Ganymede, the top club for gentlemen's gentlemen, each member is instructed to write into a famous book the ghastly habits and foibles of their employers, as a warning, and possibly a deterrent, to those entering their employ. Unsurprisingly, the celebrated work contains numerous pages about the eccentricities of one Bertram Wooster. Imagine the horror if the book fell into the wrong hands... Click for enlarge book cover Characters (Bertie) Bertram Wilberforce Wooster � In trying to help Ginger, he becomes engaged once again and however briefly, to Florence Jeeves � We learn for the first time that his first name is Reginald Madeline Bassett � Sir Watkyn's daughter and Spode's fiancee. She, too, was once engaged to Bertie Roderick Spode, Lord Sidcup � Engaged to Madeline Bassett and ever desirous of spreading Bertie all over the lawn and dancing on him with hob-nailed boots Rupert Bingley � County member of the Junior Ganymede who, when under the name of Brinkley in Thank You, Jeeves, was Bertie's former manservant. He now lives in affluence in Market Snodsbury with a butler of his own Dahlia Travers � Bertie's good and deserving Aunt, the sister of his late father. Wants her daughter, Angela, to marry Tuppy Glossop to whom she has been engaged for two years Anatole � Aunt Dahlia's master chef (Ginger) Harold Winship � Bertie's college chum and Market Snodsbury's Conservative candidate for Parliament who lives in Steeple Bumpleigh, Essex. Engaged to Florence Craye Florence Craye � Ginger's bossy fiancee who was once engaged to Bertie. Her father is Bertie's Uncle Percy Magnolia Glendennon � A secretary from South Carolina living in London, now working for Ginger Lady Worplesdon � Bertie's Aunt Agatha who lives in Steeple Bumpleigh L. P. Runkle � Fat financier who wants to sell Tom Travers a silver porringer for his silver collection Seppings � Aunt Dahlia's butler Mrs. McCorkadale � Ginger's opponent in his race for a seat in Parliament. She is also a local barrister Tom Travers (*) Synopsis This is the one in which we learn Jeeves's Christian name, in which Bertie is Jeeves's guest at the Junior Ganymede Club, in which Bertie is unwillingly, briefly and almost simultaneously re-engaged to Madeline Bassett and Florence Craye, in which Spode, 7th Earl of Sidcup, gets hit in the eye with a potato in an electioneering fracas and is thus cured of his idea of renouncing his title and standing for Parliament. We're back at Brinkley, and the house is full of guests for the Market Snodsbury by-election, Bertie's, and Aunt Dahlia's, friend Ginger Winship is standing as Conservative candidate and has asked orator Spode to speak on his platforms. Spode's fiancée, Madeline Bassett, comes too. Winship is engaged now to Florence Craye and she comes, a very bossy fiancée as usual. Ginger falls in love with his new secretary and will do anything to get Florence to break their engagement. A final guest at Brinkley is financier L. P. Runkle, who became rich on something that Tuppy Glossop's late father, a research chemist, had invented. But Runkle had not rewarded the inventor and Aunt Dahlia is determined, by Anatole's cooking, theft or blackmail, to get Runkle to give the long-owed money to Tuppy so that he can marry Angela. A newcomer to Market Snodsbury is Bingley, once Brinkley, Bertie's valet in a period ( Thank You, Jeeves ) when Jeeves had left him. Now, thanks to a deceased grocer uncle, he is a man with a house, property and a butler; though still a country member of t


How many chromosomes does a normal human have?

How many chromosomes do people have? - Genetics Home Reference How many chromosomes do people have? How many chromosomes do people have? In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46. Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females. The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males and females. Females have two copies of the X chromosome, while males have one X and one Y chromosome. The 22 autosomes are numbered by size. The other two chromosomes, X and Y, are the sex chromosomes. This picture of the human chromosomes lined up in pairs is called a karyotype. Credit: U.S. National Library of Medicine For more information about the 23 pairs of human chromosomes:


Who wrote and composed the opera Oedipus Rex in 1927?

Stravinsky: The Genius Who Wrote The Rite of Spring Stravinsky: The Genius Who Wrote The Rite of Spring by DavidPaulWagner Igor Stravinsky's brilliant music scores stir up a lot of excitement. In fact, there was a riot at the premiere of his ballet "The Rite of Spring" and the police were called! In one of the most sensational events in music history, there was a riot when Stravinsky's ballet, "The RIte of Spring", was first staged and the police were called in! The music and choreography of the ballet were viewed as just too rhythmically powerful and "primitive". Today his works no longer cause riots but they still stir up passion and excitement! Let us look at the life, music and legacy of this leading 20th century composer. Life of Igor Stravinsky Stravinksy was born in St Petersburg, Russia in 1882. He started studying law but then, from 1902, began to learn music composition and instrumentation under the composer, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov.  In 1909 two of Stravinsky's orchestral compositions were heard by Sergei Diaghilev, the Russian ballet impresario and founder of the Ballets Russes (Russian Ballets). Diaghilev was impressed and commissioned him to compose a ballet score, The Firebird (French title, L'oiseau de feu). In 1910 Stravinsky moved from Russia to Paris and then to Switzerland. Over the next few years he composed more works for the Ballets Russes -- the ballet Petrushka, the ballet The Rite of Spring (French title, Le sacre du printemps), and the neo-classical ballet Pulcinella.  In 1913 the audience at the Paris premiere of his ballet, The Rite of Spring, was so scandalized by the orchestral music and by the representation of a blood sacrifice and primitive fertility dances on stage, that a riot broke out and the police had to be called. The riot was actually great for publicity and overnight Stravinsky became the world's most famous composer. From 1920 until 1939 Stravinsky lived in France. The works of this period included the opera-oratorio, Oedipus Rex (1927), the Symphony of Psalms (1930), and the ballet The Card Party (1936). Stravinsky moved residence again in 1939 when he traveled to the United States, where he was to reside until his death. In America he composed ballets such as Orpheus (1947) and The Rake's Progress (1951) and serial music influenced by Schoenberg and Berg, the latter works including his Canticum Sacrum (1955), the ballet Agon (1953-57) and the Requiem Canticles (1966). He toured the world conducting his works, with trips to Australia, Africa and to Soviet Russia (where his work had been banned for almost 30 years until Premier Krushchev invited him for a state visit in 1962). Stravinsky died in New York in 1971. The Rite of Spring (by Igor Stravinsky) With the Joffrey Ballet (1987) Stravinsky's Musical Works Stravinsky's works can be divided into three periods: (1) The Russian Period (1908-19) His earliest music shows a truly original style (e.g. polyrhythms and dissonances) but with some influences from Russian folk music and from Rimsky-Korsakov and Debussy. He first burst onto the world scene with his three celebrated ballets: The Firebird (1910) The Rite of Spring (1913) After these came works with a new, more austere style. For example: Histoire du soldat (The Soldier's Tale) (1918) the ballet Les Noces (The Wedding) (1914; 1919) (2) The Neoclassical Period (1920-54) His neoclassical works included: the opera-oratorio Oedipus Rex (1927) Symphonie des Psaumes (Symphony of Psalms) (1930) the ballet Orpheus (1947) the opera The Rake's Progress (1951) In this period Stravinsky became eclectic and was influence by everything from plainsong to Beethoven to jazz and swing. He also collaborated with great writers such as Jean Cocteau and W. H. Auden. (3) The Serial Period (1954-68) In this period Stravinsky used serial techniques such as we see in the composers Alban Berg and Arnold Schoenberg. From the latter he adopted dodecaphony (or twelve-tone technique). Works in this period included: Canticum Sacrum (1955) Requiem Canticles (1966) Stravinksy Conducts The Firebird Rare vide


What is the most popular hymn written by Henry Francis Lyte, in 1844?

Henry Francis Lyte - Henry Francis Lyte Biography - Poem Hunter Henry Francis Lyte - Henry Francis Lyte Biography - Poem Hunter Biography of Henry Francis Lyte Henry Francis Lyte was a Scottish Anglican divine and hymn-writer. Biography Henry Francis Lyte was born to Thomas and Anna Maria Lyte on a farm at Ednam, near Kelso, Scotland. Thomas deserted the family shortly after making arrangements for his two oldest sons to attend Portora Royal School in Enniskillen, County Fermanagh; and Anna moved to London, where both she and her youngest son died. The headmaster at Portora, Dr. Robert Burrowes, recognized Henry Lyte's ability, paid the boy’s fees, and "welcomed him into his own family during the holidays." Lyte was effectively an adopted son. Religious Conversion After studying at Trinity College, Dublin and with very limited training for the ministry, Lyte took Anglican holy orders in 1815, and for some time he held a curacy in Taghmon near Wexford. Lyte's "sense of vocation was vague at this early stage. Perhaps he felt an indefinable desire to do something good in life." However, in about 1816, Lyte experienced an evangelical conversion. In attendance on a dying priest, the latter convinced Lyte that both had earlier been mistaken in not having taken the Epistles of St. Paul "in their plain and literal sense." Lyte began to study the Bible "and preach in another manner," following the example of four or five local clergymen whom he had previously laughed at and considered "enthusiastic rhapsodists." Early Career and Marriage In 1817 Lyte became a curate in Marazion, Cornwall, and there met and married Anne Maxwell, daughter of a well-known Scottish-Irish family. She was 31, seven years older than her husband and a "keen Methodist." Furthermore, she "could not match her husband's good looks and personal charm." Nevertheless, the marriage was happy and successful. Ann eventually made Lyte's situation more comfortable by contributing her family fortune, and she was an excellent manager of the house and finances. They had two daughters and three sons, one of whom was the chemist and photographer Farnham Maxwell-Lyte. From 1820 to 1822 the Lytes lived in Sway, Hampshire. Itself only five miles from the sea, the house in Sway was the only one the couple shared during their marriage that was neither on a river or by the sea. At Sway Lyte lost a month-old daughter and wrote his first book, later published as Tales In Verse Illustrative of the Several Petitions of the Lord's Prayer (1826). In 1822 the Lytes moved to Dittisham, Devon, on the River Dart and then, after Lyte had regained some measure of health, to the small parish of Charleton. Brixham About April 1824, Lyte left Charleton for Lower Brixham, a Devon fishing village. Almost immediately, Lyte joined the schools committee, and two months later he became its chairman. Also in 1824, Lyte established the first Sunday school in the Torbay area and created a Sailors' Sunday School. Although religious instruction was given there, the primary object of both was educating children and seamen for whom other schooling was virtually impossible. Each year Lyte organized an Annual Treat for the 800-1000 Sunday school children, which included a short religious service followed by tea and sports in the field. Shortly after Lyte's arrival in Brixham, the minister attracted such large crowds that the church had to be enlarged—the resulting structure later described by his grandson as "a hideous barn-like building."Lyte added to his clerical income by taking resident pupils into his home, including the blind brother of Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, later British prime minister. Character and Personality Lyte was a tall and "unusually handsome" man, "slightly eccentric but of great personal charm, a man noted for his wit and human understanding, a born poet and an able scholar." He was an expert flute player and according to his great-grandson always had his flute with him. Lyte spoke Latin, Greek, and French; enjoyed discussing literature; and was knowledgeable about wild flowers. At a for


Who played the TV detective Maisie Raine?

Maisie Raine (TV Series 1998–1999) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error A female detective inspector with a big attitude winds up her troops and her superiors, but gets good results. In addition to her work, she also has to cope with her ne'er-do-well kid brother. Stars: a list of 1208 titles created 29 Sep 2012 a list of 101 titles created 14 Nov 2012 a list of 211 titles created 21 Dec 2012 a list of 167 titles created 30 Nov 2015 a list of 97 titles created 4 months ago Search for " Maisie Raine " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Title: Maisie Raine (1998–1999) 7.5/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Add Image Add an image Do you have any images for this title? Edit Storyline A female detective inspector with a big attitude winds up her troops and her superiors, but gets good results. In addition to her work, she also has to cope with her ne'er-do-well kid brother. 28 July 1998 (UK) See more  » Company Credits (United Kingdom) – See all my reviews Set in slightly less politically aware times,"Maisie Raine" has attitudes more sensitive souls may find questionable but it is not afraid to confront issues the Met has always been keen to hide under the floorboards,i.e. so - called "noble cause corruption",questionable obtaining of evidence,jealousy and open dislike between various arms of the detective branch and abuse of power. Ms Raine herself is a Detective Inspector in a gloomy west London police station.Part mother hen,part virago,she keeps her brood of junior officers under a tight rein whilst living alone in a frankly crap flat so that she seems almost pleased to get the midnight phone call that only too often drags her from her bed to a murder scene. Shes not only battling the local ne-er do wells,most of whom she knows by their first names(always the sign of a good copper)but also the hierarchy of the Met that,certainly in 1998 and probably today, is suspicious and hostile on the whole towards senior female officers who have shown that they are more than equal to the task assigned them. The Police Consultant on the show will have been more than aware of this as a former D.I on the Drug Squad,an organisation that is not particularly sympathetically portrayed in this series. The formidable Miss Pauline Quirke plays D.I. Raine and is completely convincing as a career copper who has bounced against the glass ceiling too often,not having the right accent,the right education,not trying to screw her way to the top or simply not having a dick. Steve John Shepherd excels as her protégé DC from whom she is careful to hide her soft spot. This is not a game - changing cop show,no envelopes are harmed during the making of this series,but it is good old - fashioned TV viewing with both light and dark moments,authentic settings and that unfakeable air that comes from having someone on board that knew what she was talking about. 0 of 0 people found this review helpful.  Was this review helpful to you? Yes


Which company makes an MPV ('people carrier') model called Meriva?

Vauxhall Meriva mini MPV review | Carbuyer Image 15 of 19 The Life has air-conditioning to help prevent occupants becoming hot and bothered, cruise control to make long motorway journeys more relaxing, and alloy wheels to add a touch of style outside. Club omits the alloy wheels, but offers greater interior versatility, as well as a Protection Pack including additional airbags and a system to alert you if the rear seatbelts aren’t in use – reassuring features for parents. The sporty-looking Tech Line has bigger, 17-inch alloy wheels as well as front and rear parking sensors, heated front seats and a heated steering wheel. The most luxurious SE trim also includes Vauxhall’s OnStar concierge service and is fitted with a panoramic sunroof. It also benefits from storage compartments throughout the interior. Image 13 of 19 Three petrol engines can be chosen, all 1.4 litres in capacity and offering 99, 118 and 138bhp respectively. Our favourite is the mid-range 118bhp engine. It’s quiet, smooth and has plenty of power for safe overtaking, while being economical for a petrol at 47.9mpg – although CO2 emissions of 139 grams per kilometer put it in the £120-a-year road-tax bracket. It also offers the choice of an automatic gearbox at extra cost, making it the only Meriva engine with this option. The least expensive Life model is only available with the 99bhp petrol engine, though. Vauxhall has recently simplified the Meriva diesel line-up. There’s now only one 1.6-litre CDTi engine with 134bhp, available on all models from Club upwards. It promises 64.2mpg fuel economy, while its 116g/km CO2 rating means you’ll be paying £20 a year in road tax, making this a sensible choice if you cover over 12,000 miles a year. Lower-mileage drivers may be swayed towards the petrol cars thanks to their lower purchase costs. Whichever Meriva you choose is bound to make an agreeable family workhorse. Our only reservation is the car’s performance in our annual Driver Power customer satisfaction survey: in 2016 it finished a lowly 145th out of 150 cars tested, with owners citing reliability as a common concern.


King Michael abdicated which country's throne in 1947?

King Michael of Romania and Michael of Romania his only son MichaelofRomania.com     Home   King Michael of Romania has only one son Michael II of Romania who is also known as Mihai Von Hohenzollern II. Michael II descends from Queen Victoria, and the Prussian House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, which provided Romania’s first King, Carol I. King Michael I abdicated on December 30, 1947 and went into exile during communism. Michael II was exiled and raised under protection in United States. Mihai II is proud of his children and grand children that all continue to live in the United States. Now living in California, he continues to promote the interests and culture of his Romanian homeland and considers Bucharest his hometown. This is the official web site authorized by Michael II of Romania. Michael II is the Head of House for the Romanian branch of the Hohenzollern line by agnatic primogeniture law after the abdication of Michael I in 1947. However Mihai continues refer to his Father as King Michael out of respect only. You may contact Michael’s office at Mihai Von Hohenzollern II on facebook. Contact Michael II's office: https://www.facebook.com/mihaivonhohenzollernII      Regele Mihai a fost silit să abdice la 30 decembrie 1947. Mihai II este singurul fiu al regele Mihai I al României. Mihai II s-a născut în Elveţia şi a fost crescut în America. Prin Legea salică, Mihai II devenit șeful Casei Regale de România după abdicarea tatălui său la 30 decembrie 1947.....JR, Site Administrator Title Corrected Nicolas Medforth-Mills       Recently my nephew had his title removed by my father, Former King Michael I. The act did not surprise me in the least. This is an expected action; for my nephew should never have been placed in a position of succession.  Many people may find the concept of royalty to be defunct, but the reality is quite the opposite. Holding the proper title is a serious position and enables the person do very positive and powerful work for the public. As has been explained in previous articles, when my Father abdicated, that position was forwarded to me. Also, it is most imperative to say, that with all respect to my Father, he was not given proper and accurate information concerning my person after I was evacuated to the United States. He now has the proper knowledge of me and my intent. I am in agreement with him on the matter of my nephew's correction of position.   The Kennedy Glasses a Gift From the White House Michael II's Personal Collection: The Kennedy Glasses and Jacqueline Kennedy With The Glasses       Our Mother was not Royal, this I have already stated, but the maternal side of our family are American and the United States does not recognize titles of nobility; rather American ideals are that to embrace public service for the benefit of all. Our Mother served the people of the United States through high levels of work that did not allow for public accolades. Her funeral was marked with a flyover by F15s. She could only receive such an honor and acknowledgment posthumously. Our Mother gave myself and my Sister Princess Margarita much to be proud of. Our Mother believed in service, and her work placed her and family at certain government events, which included President John F. Kennedy's inauguration. The photo is of the glasses she passed to me, that were the glasses used by President Kennedy and his wife Jacqueline during the inauguration. My Mother had valuable things, but the gift of these modest glasses were precious to her and reminded her of an exciting time in her career and of the new possibilities and change that the Kennedy administration began.     World War II: So Much Stolen       Reflecting on the recent movie “ Woman in Gold ” involving Maria Altmann's fight against the Austrian government to reclaim what was stolen during WWII. The true title of the painting is “ Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I ” and the name 'The Woman In Gold' robbed Ms. Bloch-Bauer of her of her identity. Identity is a very basic right. The movie was a testament to truth, trials, tribulation, a


Which company makes an MPV ('people carrier') model called Carens?

Kia Carens MPV video | Carbuyer Image 1 of 17 In keeping with the relaxed theme, the Carens’ soft suspension makes it a very comfortable car, insulating you and your passengers from potholes and poor road surfaces. You don’t want to take corners too quickly, though, as the pronounced body lean that ensues is likely to provoke complaints from your passengers. Keen drivers who need a practical seven-seater should consider the Ford S-MAX, which is far more involving to drive. Inside, the Carens’ large windows and high seating position give you a great view out and it feels pleasantly spacious. The front five seats can all slide back and forth independently, so configuring the layout to suit your needs is simple. Cubbyholes and storage spaces abound, while there’s even a refrigerated glovebox to chill your drinks. Kia’s approach to naming its trim levels is refreshingly simple: pick a number between one and four, and the higher it is, the more equipment you get. Entry-level 1 has air-conditioning, Bluetooth phone connectivity, LED running lights, cruise control and all-round electric windows – but if you choose this model, your only engine option is the 1.6-litre petrol. Image 7 of 17 We recommend moving up to 2 trim, as this allows you to choose from any of the Carens’ three engines and also adds alloy wheels, dual-zone air-conditioning, rear parking sensors, automatic windscreen wipers and front foglights for about £1,200. If you’re happy with either the 1.6-litre petrol or the 114bhp diesel, it’s worth checking out the special SR7 trim, which – while a departure from Kia’s normal naming strategy – costs just £300 more than 1, but includes alloy wheels, automatic headlights and wipers, as well as rear parking sensors. The Kia Carens is seriously well equipped in 3 and 4 form, with the Carens 3 getting leather seats and sat nav and the Carens 4 benefitting from a panoramic sunroof and a self-parking system. Both of these come with the 139bhp diesel engine as standard. They push the Carens’ price well past the £20,000 mark, though, which is hard to justify. A forthcoming facelift is set to bring new bumpers, rear lights, alloy wheel designs and interior trim options to the Carens at the end of the year. Tech upgrades will include a seven or eight-inch infotainment touchscreen, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, as well as the option of a premium JBL stereo. If you're in the market for a Carens, it's worth either waiting for these improvements to arrive, or trying to negotiate a discount on the original model. Reliability and safety are both equally reassuring: Kia’s seven-year/100,000-mile warranty is the best in the business (and fully transferrable to subsequent owners), while a five-star crash-test rating from Euro NCAP provides reassurance for families after a safe MPV.


Which novelist created the characters of Dalziel and Pascoe?

Novelist and creator of Dalziel and Pascoe left his wife £2.6m in his will | Daily Mail Online Novelist and creator of Dalziel and Pascoe left his wife £2.6m in his will Crime novelist wrote 24 bestsellers featuring the popular Yorkshire detectives Characters inspire long-running BBC crime drama Famed author died aged 75 after long battle with cancer By ANDREW YOUNG comments Crime novelist Reginald Hill, who created the detective characters Dalziel and Pascoe, left £2.6 million in his will. Hill, who died aged 75 in January, wrote 24 bestselling novels featuring Yorkshire detectives Superintendent Andrew Dalziel and Inspector Peter Pascoe. His characters inspired the BBC TV drama Dalziel And Pascoe, which ran for 12 series between 1996 and 2007 and regularly had audiences of more than eight million.  Detective work: Warren Clarke and Colin Buchanan starred in the BBC adaptation of Dalziel and Pascoe. The show featured Warren Clarke as the politically incorrect Dalziel, while Colin Buchanan played Pascoe, a sociology graduate. RELATED ARTICLES Share this article Share Probate records released last  week disclose that Hill left his entire net estate of £2,628,728 to Patricia, his wife of 51 years. The couple had no children. The author, who was born in Hartlepool, County Durham, in 1936, died at his home near Ravenglass, Cumbria, after a year-long battle with cancer. Crime novelist Reginald Hill died in January, aged 75. The son of a professional footballer, he was brought up in Carlisle. At Stanwix primary school, he recalled: "I was always scribbling." Hill once said that he wrote "for fun" from an early age and ended up with "a bottom drawer of first chapters". He passed the 11-plus and at Carlisle Grammar School excelled at English. After National Service between 1955 and 1957, he went up on a scholarship to St Catherine’s College, Oxford, where he played rugby. Graduating in English Literature in 1960, Hill became a schoolmaster and later lectured at Doncaster College of Education before deciding to become a full-time writer in 1980. By the age of 30, he began looking to writing as a career and the first Dalziel and Pascoe novel was published four years later. Fuelled by the success of the BBC television adaptations, Hill went on to find a worldwide audience. A series of five books set in Luton featuring a black private investigator called Joe Sixsmith followed, with a host of other novels published under other names, including a series of thrillers as Patrick Ruell. Hill won the Crime Writers’ Association Cartier Diamond Dagger for Lifetime Achievement in 1995. Crime fighters: The popular BBC drama Dalziel and Pascoe ran for 12 series between 1996 and 2007


Who captained the England cricket team to victory in the 2009 Ashes series?

We can be No1 in the world, says Andrew Strauss after Ashes victory | Sport | The Guardian We can be No1 in the world, says Andrew Strauss after Ashes victory • We can get a lot better, says England captain • Strauss commends Andy Flower and coaching staff Lawrence Booth at The Oval Sunday 23 August 2009 16.10 EDT First published on Sunday 23 August 2009 16.10 EDT Share on Messenger Close A jubilant Andrew Strauss set his sights on turning England into the No1 Test team in the world after they completed back-to-back home Ashes series wins for the first time since the 1980s . An occasionally nerve-racking 197-run victory over Australia with a day to spare still leaves England ranked fifth in the ICC table, but Strauss said he was now hopeful of making real progress with a young team after they regained the urn in his first series as an Ashes captain. "To become the No1 side in the world you've got to win consistently home and away," said the England captain. "The next challenge is a massive one – away to South Africa, which is probably the hardest tour you can go on. But the long-term goal is to become the No1 side in the world. It's going to take a lot of graft in order to get there. We've got a young side and we can get a lot better than where we are at the moment. We're still pretty inconsistent, as we ably demonstrated in this series, but we've shown some guts and determination and character." England needed all those qualities as Australia fought hard on a deteriorating pitch in pursuit of an apparently impossible 546, at one stage reaching 217 for two before Ricky Ponting was run out by a superb direct hit from Andrew Flintoff. And Strauss admitted the fight shown by the tourists left him experiencing a full range of emotions on a day that may yet be regarded as the start of a new era. "It feels pretty special," said Strauss. "There were so many emotions out there: hope, frustration, worry, despair at times when it didn't look like we were going to take a wicket. Until you actually get over the line, you don't realise how hard it is. It's an amazing day and one that seemed a long way off after Headingley if I'm honest. The players had to dig very deep. They did that, they've come out fighting and it's a special day for all of us." • Relive the final day's drama with our over-by-over report Strauss hailed the work done behind the scenes by England's team director, Andy Flower, after a 2-1 series win that seemed highly improbable after the Australians squared the series in two-and-ahalf days of dominant cricket in the fourth Test in Leeds. "It feels like a lot more than seven or eight months ago since I took over," he said. "We were in a pretty bad state back then, and it says a huge amount for what Andy Flower has done. The way he communicates with the players and drives us – he's trying to take us to a different place to where we've been before. It's fantastic to have been able to work with him." And there were special words for Jonathan Trott, Warwickshire's South-African-born batsman who hit a decisive second-innings hundred on debut on Saturday after being drafted in as a remedy for the middle-order woes at Headingley. "The way he came in it was astounding really," he said. "It was probably the biggest game in all our careers, and when you add to that you're making your debut and you don't know what Test cricket is like at all. To play with as much composure as he did says a huge amount about his character." Flintoff, meanwhile, will undergo exploratory arthroscopic surgery on his injured right knee tomorrow and joked it would be "nil by mouth" after going out for a meal with his wife, Rachael. Flintoff has been replaced by Trott for the trip later this week to Belfast to play Ireland, and Strauss said: "We'll miss Fred. It must be soul-destroying to keep having to undergo rehab all the time." Ricky Ponting, by contrast, cut a miserable figure after he became the first Australian captain to lose two Ashes series in England since Billy Murdoch in the 19th century. But he refused to entertain notions of resigning t


How many stars make up the European Union flag?

EUROPA - The European flag Europa The European flag The European flag symbolises both the European Union and, more broadly, the identity and unity of Europe. It features a circle of 12 gold stars on a blue background. They stand for the ideals of unity, solidarity and harmony among the peoples of Europe. The number of stars has nothing to do with the number of member countries, though the circle is a symbol of unity. History of the European flag The history of the flag goes back to 1955. The Council of Europe - which defends human rights and promotes European culture – chose the present design for its own use. In the years that followed, it encouraged the emerging European institutions to adopt the same flag. In 1983, the European Parliament decided that the Communities’ flag should be that used by the Council of Europe. In 1985, it was adopted by all EU leaders as the official emblem of the European Communities, later to become the European Union. In addition, all European institutions now have their own emblems . Commemorative euro coin: 30 years of the EU flag To mark the 30th anniversary of the decision by EU leaders to adopt the flag as an EU emblem, the 19 euro area countries are issuing a special commemorative coin. Following an online competition held in 2015 by the European Commission, citizens and residents of the euro area selected the design created by Georgios Stamatopoulos, an engraver at the Bank of Greece. It comprises 12 stars that morph into human figures embracing the birth of a new Europe. Take a look at the winning design. Reproduction in 2 colours white & blue (17 Kb)


Which shipping area is north of Forties?

List of British Sea Areas as listed in the weather report for shipping on BBC Radio4 Here's a nice but big (162K) map I scanned it from the Radio Times, they managed to forget Bailey so I had to edit it in, which is why the lines and font are a bit dodgy there. Here's one from the Met Office , a lot smaller but not as pretty, but it DOES have Trafalgar on it, and it makes the Lat and Longs more obvious. South East Iceland: 64N18W..65N14W..63N7W..62N11W (roughly) Faeroes: 63N7W..62N3W..59N7W..62N11W (roughly) Fair Isle: 62N3W..61N00..58N00..58N5W..59N7W (roughly) The above 3 form a diagonal band from the coast of Iceland down to the Greenwich Meridian at the Shetlands on the northern edge, and the Scottish coast on the southern edge. Fair Isle is 5 sided to get back into the normal squarish grid. Bailey: Between 10W and 15W from South East Iceland down to about 58N Rockall: Between 10W and 15W from Bailey (58N) down to 53N Shannon: Between 10W and 15W, from Rockall down to 50N, and including the bits off the Irish coast. Hebrides: The bit between Faeroes and Fair Isle, the Scottish coast, 10W, and 57N Malin: Below Hebrides, between Rockall and the coasts, down to the narrowest point between England and Ireland Irish Sea: The Irish Sea from Malin down to the narrowest point between Wales and Ireland Lundy: Bounded by the south Welsh and north Cornish coasts, out to about 6.5W Fastnet: Between Lundy and Shannon, with the south Irish coast above and 50N below Sole: 6.5W..15W and 50N..48.27N, below Shannon and Fastnet Finisterre, now renamed Fitzroy: Below Sole Biscay: From Finisterre to the French coast Plymouth: The mouth of the Channel to about 8W, Biscay below, Sole to the left Portland: Up the channel from Plymouth to about 2W Wight: From Portland to a line from about 50N2E(France) to 51N1E(England) Dover: From Wight to a line matching the latitude 51N, near enough Thames: Moving out towards the North Sea, as far as about 52.5N Humber: Up to 54N, but loses a degree of its eastern extent halfway up Tyne: A tiny bit about a degree wide along the coast from Humber up to about 56N Dogger: Tyne to the left, Humber below, 4E at the right, up to about 56N German Bight: From Humber and Dogger on the left to the continental coast Forties: Directly above Dogger, ie about 56N..58.5N and 1W..4E Forth: Between Forties and the Scottish coast, stopping at 57N Cromarty: Between Forties and the Scottish coast, from Forth up to 58.5N or so, where it meets Fair Isle Viking: Above Forties with Fair Isle to the west Fisher: East of Forties and north of German Bight, but only as far as about 57.5N North Utsire, South Utsire: The last bit between Viking and Forties and the Scandinavian coast I appear to have listed them in the reverse order to that used by the weather forecasters. Never mind!


What is another common name for the Araucaria tree?

Araucaria araucana (monkey puzzle) | Plants & Fungi At Kew Discover plants and fungi Araucaria araucana (monkey puzzle) The monkey puzzle was given its name by an observer who thought that monkeys wouldn't be able to climb the spiky branches. Araucaria araucana in Chile (Photo: Martin Gardner) Species information Araucaria araucana (Molina) K. Koch Common name:  monkey puzzle, Chile pine (English); araucaria, pino araucana, pino Chileno, piñonero (Spanish) Conservation status:  Vulnerable (VU) according to IUCN Red List criteria. Declared a Natural Monument in Chile in 1990. Habitat:  Mixed deciduous and evergreen forest, or growing as pure stands; in moist loamy soil or in stabilised volcanic ash; on the lower slopes of mountains. Key Uses:  Ornamental; edible seeds; a valuable timber tree, but logging of wild trees now strictly prohibited; a sacred tree in indigenous culture. Known hazards:  The rigid spines on the trunk and leaf tips are potentially hazardous. This is a tree to avoid climbing! Taxonomy Genus: Araucaria About this species The monkey puzzle or Chile pine (Araucaria araucana) is an evergreen conifer native to Argentina and Chile. It was discovered in about 1780 by a Spanish explorer and introduced to England by Archibald Menzies in 1795. Menzies was a plant collector and naval surgeon on Captain George Vancouver's circumnavigation of the globe, travelling in Captain James Cook's old ship, HMS Discovery. He was served the seeds of this conifer as dessert while dining with the governor of Chile and later sowed them in a frame on the quarter deck, returning home to England with five healthy plants. One of these monkey puzzles could be seen at Kew until it died in 1892. The common name alludes to the fact that the task of climbing the tree, with its sharp branches tightly clothed with spiny leaves, would puzzle even a monkey. Synonym:  Discover more Geography and distribution Native to southwest Argentina and southern and central Chile, where it grows at 600 to 1,800 m above sea level. Description Araucaria araucana pollen cones at Kew An evergreen, pyramid-shaped tree, the monkey puzzle grows up to 50 m high with a trunk circumference of up to 2.5 m. The tree's most distinguishing feature is its leaves. They are stiff, dark green and glossy with a spiny tip and completely cover each branch, closely overlapping each other. The visual effect is wholly unusual and while many consider the appearance of the tree majestic, others find its scaly, almost reptilian foliage somewhat scary. The horizontal branches are produced in tiers and have few side branches. The female cone is globular and up to 20 cm in diameter; the male cone is cylindrical and up to 15 cm long. Trees normally have cones of only one sex, rarely both. Threats and conservation The monkey puzzle is well-adapted to fire, volcanic activity having long caused wildfires in its natural habitat, so this is not a threat under natural circumstances. However, fires resulting from human activities (especially agricultural clearances) cause severe damage to remaining populations of the tree. Research in Chile, carried out under the auspices of the Flagship Species Fund of the U.K.’s Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) and Flora & Fauna International (FFI), found at least 80% of the trees remaining in one study area had suffered fire damage. Monkey puzzle stem Despite being officially declared a Natural Monument in 1990 (making it an offence to cut down wild trees), forests outside of protected areas are still subject to high levels of damage due to burning, grazing and conversion to commercial plantations. The majority of the forests occur in a relatively small area of the Chilean and Argentinean Andes; the most threatened populations are in the coastal cordillera in southern Chile. Araucaria araucana is listed in CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) Appendix 1, which includes species threatened with extinction. Trade in specimens of these species is permitted only in exceptional ci


Who won an Oscar for the music for Chariots of Fire in 1981?

1981 Academy Awards® Winners and History Reds (1981) Actor: HENRY FONDA in "On Golden Pond", Warren Beatty in "Reds",         Burt Lancaster in "Atlantic City", Dudley Moore in "Arthur",         Paul Newman in "Absence of Malice" Actress: KATHARINE HEPBURN in "On Golden Pond", Diane Keaton         in "Reds", Marsha Mason in "Only When I Laugh",         Susan Sarandon in "Atlantic City", Meryl Streep in "The         French Lieutenant's Woman" Supporting Actor: JOHN GIELGUD in "Arthur", James Coco in "Only         When I Laugh", Ian Holm in "Chariots of Fire",         Jack Nicholson in "Reds", Howard E. Rollins, Jr. in "Ragtime" Supporting Actress: MAUREEN STAPLETON in "Reds", Melinda Dillon in "Absence         of Malice", Jane Fonda in "On Golden Pond", Joan         Hackett in "Only When I Laugh", Elizabeth McGovern         in "Ragtime" Director: WARREN BEATTY for "Reds", Hugh Hudson for "Chariots         of Fire", Louis Malle for "Atlantic City", Mark Rydell for "On Golden Pond",         Steven Spielberg for "Raiders of the          Lost Ark" The          Best Picture winner this year was a surprise and major upset win          for British producer David Puttnam's low-budget Chariots           of Fire, directed by Hugh Hudson, with seven nominations          and four wins. It also took top honors for Best Screenplay          (Colin Welland), Best Original Score (Vangelis' rich electronic,          throbbing score, especially during the iconic opening credits          sequence) and Best Costume Design. The win signaled the start of another mini-British          renaissance of film awards for this year and the next - with Gandhi           (1982) soon breaking all British film Oscar records. (It          had been 13 years since another British-made film had won Best          Picture, Oliver! (1968)) Chariots of Fire was          also the second sports film to win Best Picture (the          first was Rocky (1976) ). It          also marked the first of four biopics to win the top award          during the 80s, joining Gandhi (1982), Amadeus (1984),          and The Last Emperor (1987). Of the top five competitors for Best Picture,          two were historical epics, two were about senior-citizens,          and one was a throwback to the action/adventure films of the          past: Chariots of Fire was the inspirational           story of the 1924 Olympics running event in Paris and the           motivations of two of Britain's runners, Cambridge University           students - English Jew Harold Abrahams (Ben Cross) and Scottish           Christian missionary Eric Liddell (Ian Charleson). The film,           which contained an anti-Semitism subplot, soon became the           most-successful foreign film in US box-office history Warren Beatty's $35 million, three-hour long           American epic masterpiece and front-runner in the competition, Reds (with           twelve nominations and three wins) including Best Director           (Warren Beatty), Best Supporting Actress (Maureen Stapleton),           and Best Cinematography (Vittorio Storaro, the winner of           the same award for Apocalypse            Now (1979) .) Reds was the film biography of           American communist and romantic figure John Reed, a left-wing           radical journalist and author of Ten Days That Shook the            World, who journeyed from Oregon to Greenwich Village           and then to Russia to cover first-hand the 1917 Bolshevik           Revolution on the streets of Petrograd [Beatty received simultaneous nominations as producer, director,           co-writer (with English dramatist


Which shipping area is due north of Trafalgar?

Sea areas in UK Met Office shipping bulletins   61ï¿½00'N 00ï¿½00'    61ï¿½00'N 04ï¿½00'E   58ï¿½30'N 04ï¿½00'E   58ï¿½30'N 00ï¿½00'   NORTH     UTSIRE   61ï¿½00'N 04ï¿½00'E   61ï¿½00'N 05ï¿½00'E   59ï¿½00'N 05ï¿½35'E   59ï¿½00'N 04ï¿½00'E   SOUTH     UTSIRE   59ï¿½00'N 04ï¿½00'E   59ï¿½00'N 05ï¿½35'E   58ï¿½00'N 07ï¿½05'E   57ï¿½45'N 07ï¿½30'E   57ï¿½45'N 04ï¿½00'E   FORTIES   58ï¿½30'N 01ï¿½00'W   58ï¿½30'N 04ï¿½00'E   56ï¿½00'N 04ï¿½00'E   56ï¿½00'N 01ï¿½00'W   FORTH   55ï¿½40'N 01ï¿½50'W   56ï¿½00'N 01ï¿½00'W   57ï¿½00'N 01ï¿½00'W   57ï¿½00'N 02ï¿½10'W   CROMARTY   57ï¿½00'N 02ï¿½10'W   57ï¿½00'N 01ï¿½00'W   58ï¿½30'N 01ï¿½00'W   58ï¿½30'N 03ï¿½00'W   TYNE   54ï¿½15'N 00ï¿½20'W   54ï¿½15'N 00ï¿½45'E   56ï¿½00'N 01ï¿½00'W   55ï¿½40'N 01ï¿½50'W   DOGGER   56ï¿½00'N 01ï¿½00'W   54ï¿½15'N 00ï¿½45'E   54ï¿½15'N 04ï¿½00'E   56ï¿½00'N 04ï¿½00'E   FISHER   57ï¿½45'N 04ï¿½00'E   56ï¿½00'N 04ï¿½00'E   56ï¿½00'N 08ï¿½10'E   57ï¿½05'N 08ï¿½35'E   57ï¿½45'N 07ï¿½30'E   GERMAN     BIGHT   56ï¿½00'N 08ï¿½10'E   56ï¿½00'N 04ï¿½00'E   54ï¿½15'N 04ï¿½00'E   53ï¿½35'N 04ï¿½40'E   52ï¿½45'N 04ï¿½40'E   HUMBER   52ï¿½45'N 01ï¿½40'E   52ï¿½45'N 04ï¿½40'E   53ï¿½35'N 04ï¿½40'E   54ï¿½15'N 04ï¿½00'E   54ï¿½15'N 00ï¿½20'W   THAMES   51ï¿½15'N 01ï¿½25'E   51ï¿½15'N 02ï¿½55'E   52ï¿½45'N 04ï¿½40'E   52ï¿½45'N 01ï¿½40'E   DOVER   50ï¿½45'N 00ï¿½15'E   50ï¿½15'N 01ï¿½30'E   51ï¿½15'N 02ï¿½55'E   51ï¿½15'N 01ï¿½25'E   WIGHT   50ï¿½35'N 01ï¿½55'W   49ï¿½45'N 01ï¿½55'W   50ï¿½15'N 01ï¿½30'E   50ï¿½45'N 00ï¿½15'E   PORTLAND   50ï¿½25'N 03ï¿½30'W   48ï¿½50'N 03ï¿½30'W   49ï¿½45'N 01ï¿½55'W   50ï¿½35'N 01ï¿½55'W   PLYMOUTH   50ï¿½05'N 05ï¿½45'W   50ï¿½00'N 06ï¿½15'W   48ï¿½27'N 06ï¿½15'W   48ï¿½27'N 04ï¿½45'W   48ï¿½50'N 03ï¿½30'W   50ï¿½25'N 03ï¿½30'W   48ï¿½27'N 06ï¿½15'W   43ï¿½35'N 06ï¿½15'W   48ï¿½27'N 04ï¿½45'W   TRAFALGAR   35ï¿½00'N 15ï¿½00'W   35ï¿½00'N 06ï¿½15'W   41ï¿½00'N 08ï¿½40'W   41ï¿½00'N 15ï¿½00'W   FITZROY   48ï¿½27'N 15ï¿½00'W   41ï¿½00'N 15ï¿½00'W   41ï¿½00'N 08ï¿½40'W   43ï¿½35'N 06ï¿½15'W   48ï¿½27'N 06ï¿½15'W   SOLE   50ï¿½00'N 06ï¿½15'W   50ï¿½00'N 15ï¿½00'W   48ï¿½27'N 15ï¿½00'W   48ï¿½27'N 06ï¿½15'W   LUNDY   52ï¿½30'N 06ï¿½15'W   50ï¿½00'N 06ï¿½15'W   50ï¿½05'N 05ï¿½45'W   52ï¿½00'N 05ï¿½05'W   FASTNET   51ï¿½35'N 10ï¿½00'W   50ï¿½00'N 10ï¿½00'W   50ï¿½00'N 06ï¿½15'W   52ï¿½30'N 06ï¿½15'W   IRISH     SEA   54ï¿½50'N 05ï¿½05'W   54ï¿½45'N 05ï¿½45'W   52ï¿½30'N 06ï¿½15'W   52ï¿½00'N 05ï¿½05'W   SHANNON   53ï¿½30'N 15ï¿½00'W   50ï¿½00'N 15ï¿½00'W   50ï¿½00'N 10ï¿½00'W   51ï¿½35'N 10ï¿½00'W   53ï¿½30'N 10ï¿½05'W   ROCKALL   58ï¿½00'N 10ï¿½00'W   58ï¿½00'N 15ï¿½00'W   53ï¿½30'N 15ï¿½00'W   53ï¿½30'N 10ï¿½05'W   54ï¿½20'N 10ï¿½00'W   MALIN   57ï¿½00'N 05ï¿½50'W   57ï¿½00'N 10ï¿½00'W   54ï¿½20'N 10ï¿½00'W   54ï¿½45'N 05ï¿½45'W   54ï¿½50'N 05ï¿½05'W   HEBRIDES   60ï¿½35'N 10ï¿½00'W   57ï¿½00'N 10ï¿½00'W   57ï¿½00'N 05ï¿½50'W   58ï¿½40'N 05ï¿½00'W   BAILEY   62ï¿½25'N 15ï¿½00'W   58ï¿½00'N 15ï¿½00'W   58ï¿½00'N 10ï¿½00'W   60ï¿½35'N 10ï¿½00'W   FAEROES   63ï¿½20'N 07ï¿½30'W   61ï¿½10'N 11ï¿½30'W   59ï¿½30'N     07ï¿½15'W   61ï¿½50'N 02ï¿½30'W   FAIR     ISLE   61ï¿½50'N 02ï¿½30'W   59ï¿½30'N 07ï¿½15'W   58ï¿½40'N 05ï¿½00'W   58ï¿½30'N 03ï¿½00'W   58ï¿½30'N 00ï¿½00'   61ï¿½00'N 00ï¿½00'   SOUTHEAST     ICELAND   63ï¿½35'N 18ï¿½00'W   61ï¿½10'N 11ï¿½30'W   63ï¿½20'N 07ï¿½30'W   65ï¿½00'N 13ï¿½35'W


W is the symbol for which chemical element?

Chemical Elements.com - Tungsten (W) Contains an "Introduction to Tungsten", among other things If you know of any other links for Tungsten, please let me know Bentor, Yinon. Chemical Element.com - Tungsten. <http://www.chemicalelements.com/elements/w.html>. For more information about citing online sources, please visit the MLA's Website . This page was created by Yinon Bentor. Use of this web site is restricted by this site's license  agreement . Copyright © 1996-2012 Yinon Bentor. All Rights Reserved.


What is the Latin Vulgate Bible? What is the Latin Vulgate Bible?   Subscribe to our Question of the Week : Question: "What is the Latin Vulgate Bible?" Answer: “The Vulgate” is the popular name given to the Latin version of the Bible, a translation usually attributed to Jerome. Before Jerome’s time, as the number of Latin-speaking Christians grew, the Bible was translated into Latin so that the Christians of the time could understand it. It is believed that the first Latin translation was completed around A.D. 200, although no manuscripts of this era exist today. The first Latin manuscripts were surely created in North Africa, for it seems that the church in North Africa was Latin-speaking from the start as compared to the predominantly Greek-speaking churches in Asia and Europe. Two centuries later Pope Damasus I commissioned a scholar by the name Jerome to produce one standard Latin text of the Bible; there were as many different Latin versions of the Bible as there were different forms of the text, and Damasus wanted the church to have a standard version to promote universal doctrine. Jerome completed the translation in A.D. 400, and his version was known as the editio vulgate (the current text of Holy Scripture), because he used the common (or vulgar) language of early medieval times. Jerome started by revising the Gospels, using the Greek manuscripts available. This he did because of the vast differences he found in the various Latin texts that were available. About the same time, he started revising the Old Testament by using the Septuagint (a Greek version of the Old Testament). Jerome also translated the Old Testament into Latin by using the Hebrew text, a task he did without ecclesiastical sanction. The present Vulgate contains elements which belong to every period of its development, including (1) an unrevised Old Latin text of the Book of Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, 1 and 2 Maccabees, and Baruch; (2) an Old Latin form of the Psalter, which Jerome corrected from the Septuagint; (3) Jerome's free translation of the books of Job and Judith; (4) Jerome's translation from the Hebrew Old Testament excluding the Psalter; (5) an Old Latin revision of the Gospels from Greek manuscripts; (6) an Old Latin New Testament, revised. Some of the books mentioned belong to a division known as the " Apocrypha ," normally considered books of Jewish origin which lie outside the canon of the Old Testament.