Who unknowingly slew his father and married his mother, and, when he discovered his true identity, blinded himself when his mother hanged herself?

SOPHOCLES: Oedipus the King | Great Books of the Western World Great Books of the Western World orwell1627 Leave a comment SOPHOCLES: Oedipus the King “While Thebes was under the rule of Laïus and Jocasta there appeared a strange and monstrous creature, “the riddling Sphinx,” “the She-Wolf of the woven song,” who in some unexplained way sang riddles of death and slew the people of Thebes. Laïus went to ask aid of the oracle of Delphi, but was slain mysteriously on the road. Soon afterwards there came to Thebes a young Prince of Corinth, Oedipus, who had left his home and was wandering. He faced the Sphinx and read her riddle, whereupon she flung herself from her rock and died. The throne being vacant was offered to Oedipus, and with it the hand of the Queen, Jocasta. Some ten or twelve years afterwards a pestilence has fallen on Thebes. At this point the play begins. The date of the first production of the play is not known, but was probably about the year 425 B.C.” A crowd of suppliants wait by the altar outside of Oedipus’ palace. Oedipus exits the palace and asks them what they desire. The Priest of Zeus responds that a plague has fallen upon the people – crops won’t grow, women are barren, and people are dying of sickness. He asks Oedipus to find some kind of defense for them. They seek Oedipus’ assistance because he saved the city in former times from the Sphinx. Oedipus knows everyone is sick. He is more sick than any of them because his soul grieves for everyone. He has already sent his relative Creon to the oracle of Apollo to discover how they can protect the city. He is worried because Creon has been gone longer than what is sufficient. But he promises the suppliants to strictly follow the Oracle. Creon appears on stage and tells them the good news that the plague will be removed when the city banishes or kills the man who killed the former king named Laius. He tells Oedipus that Laius was killed on a journey to Delphi. One of Laius’ companions escaped and told the people of the city that robbers set upon them. Creon says that the city did not pursue these robbers because the city was afflicted by the Sphinx. Oedipus vows to avenge Laius. He orders anyone who has knowledge about the murderers of Laius to disclose it to him. He also promises that the murderers need not be afraid of coming forth and denouncing themselves because he will only banish them, unhurt. He prays that the murderers live an unblessed life full of misery, even though the murderer may be a person of his household. He will pursue this case as if Laius was his own father. He is connected to Laius because Oedipus married his widow, who bore Oedipus’ children. The chorus suggests that they ask Teiresias, a seer, who is Laius’ murderer. Oedipus has already sent for him. Teiresias, the blind seer, enters the scene.  He is reluctant to disclose what he knows. He laments how terrible it is to possess wisdom when it does not benefit him, but grieves him. Oedipus becomes angry because of the seer’s reluctance to disclose the identity of the murderer. He accuses Teiresias of aiding the murderers. Teiresias finally discloses that the murderer is Oedipus. T also asserts that Oedipus has been living in unknown shame with his “closest kin.” Oedipus suspects that Creon persuaded T to denounce Oedipus in order to gain the throne. T denies the accusation. Oedipus asks T when he has proved himself to be a seer. When the Sphinx afflicted the city should have solved the riddle, but he didn’t. Oedipus solved it. T asks Oed if he knows who his parents are. T insinuates that Oed killed his father Laius and married his mother Jocasta. T says that Oed is blind to his own shame, but will soon see, and then he will be blinded again, this time by his own hand. Oed will be the most miserable man to ever live. Oed thinks that his talent in unraveling riddles (that of the Sphinx) makes him great. T states that Oed’s presumed talent is the cause of his downfall (Oed misinterpreted the riddle that predicted he would kill his father and marry his mother). Creon enters the sce


What was the dolphin that accompanied vessels near French Pass, a channel used by ships sailing between Wellington and Nelson, New Zealand between 1888 and 1912?

Rare and Out of Print Book Auction by ART+OBJECT - issuu issuu PAM PLUMBLY @ ART+OBJECT RARE BOOK AUCTION TUESDAY 14th DECEMBER at 12 noon 301 160 129 ART+OBJECT Rare Books, Maps, Ephemera and Early Photographs Features an important collection of early New Zealand and Maori Histories AUCTION Tuesday14th December, 2010, at 12 noon. 3 Abbey Street Newton Auckland 1145 Viewing times Sunday 12th December 11.00am - 4.00pm Monday 13th December 9.00am - 5.00pm Tuesday 14th December - viewing morning of sale. buyerâ€™s premium Buyers shall pay to Pam Plumbly @ART+PBJECT a premium of 15% of the hammer price plus GST of 15% on the premium only. contact All inquiries to: Pam Plumbly - Rare book consultant at Art+Object Phones - Office 09 378 1153, Mobile 021 448200 Art + Object 09 354 4646 3 Abbey St, Newton, Auckland. books@trevorplumbly.co.nz www.artandobject.co.nz www.trevorplumbly.co.nz Consignments are now invited for the next rare book auction to be held at ART+OBJECT in March 2011 Front cover features; Lot No. 273 - Andersen, Johannes C. , Maori Music Back cover features; Lot No. 145 - Buller, Walter Lawry, A History of the Birds of New Zealand 148 123 244 ABSENTEE BID FORM auction TUESDAY 14th december 2010 pam plumbly@art&object This completed and signed form authorizes PAM PLUMBLY@ART+OBJECT to bid at the above mentioned auction or the following lots up to the prices indicated below. These bids are to be executed at the lowest price levels possible. We are glad to execute buying commissions on behalf of buyers unable to attend the sale but regret we cannot accept open bids. Each bid must be accompanied by a limit within which to bid. Minimum acceptable bid is $20-00. I understand that if successful I will purchase the lot or lots at or below the prices listed on this form and the listed buyer’s premium for this sale (15%) plus GST on the buyer’s premium. I warrant also that I have read and understood and agree to comply with the conditions of sale as printed in the catalogue. On major lots clients may prefer to bid by telephone, please enquire regarding this service. PLEASE ASSIST US BY FORWARDING YOUR BIDS TO ARRIVE PRIOR TO THE DAY OF AUCTION LOT NO. SHORT DESCRIPTION BID MAXIMUM payment and delivery All bids in New Zealand Dollars. Packing and Postage will be charged to the purchaser. Books are not insured in transit unless requested and this is at the cost of the purchaser. Books will be sent on receipt of payment. Unless prior arrangements have been made, payment must be made within seven days of purchase. Arrangements for payment : I agree to pay immediately on receipt of notice from Trevor Plumbly Ltd. (Payment can be made by cash, cheque, direct credit or International money order. Visa card by arrangement ) I will arrange for collection of my purchase or I agree to pay for freight costs incurred. Unless otherwise requested, dispatch will be by standard post or carrier. Overseas by international airmail. Please indicate by ticking box: MR/MRS/MS: PHONE BID POSTAL ADDRESS: STREET ADDRESS: BUSINESS PHONE MOBILE: FAX: EMAIL: Signed as agreed: For absentee bidding this form must be lodged with PAM PLUMBLY@ART+OBJECT prior to the published sale time by either : 1. Fax this completed form to PAM PLUMBLY@ART+OBJECT +64 9 354 4645 2. Email a printed, signed and scanned form to: books@trevorplumbly.co.nz 3. Post to PAM PLUMBLY@ART+OBJECT, PO Box 68345 Newton, Auckland 1145, New Zealand. subject index lots NZ Regional Histories New Zealand History World Histories Natural History Pacific History Sport and Recreation Documents & Maps Maritime History Military Maori Art Newspapers & Periodicals Literature Bibliography & Biography Polar & Sub-Antarctic Photography & Souvenirs Antique Book Science & Technology New Zealand Literature Childrenâ€™s and Illustrated 1 - 82 83 - 131 132 - 141 142 - 161 162 - 167 168 - 216 217 - 230 231 - 244 245 - 272 273 - 339 340 - 350 351 - 358 359 - 365 366 - 382 383 - 389 390 - 417 418 -  419 - 426 427 - 449


Which island group between the South China Sea and the Pacific Ocean was discovered in 1521 by Magellan, was taken by Spain, ceded to the USA in 1898 and became an independent republic in 1946?

Pacific Oceans | Article about Pacific Oceans by The Free Dictionary Pacific Oceans | Article about Pacific Oceans by The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Pacific+Oceans Also found in: Dictionary , Thesaurus , Wikipedia . Pacific Ocean, largest and deepest ocean, c.70,000,000 sq mi (181,300,000 sq km), occupying about one third of the earth's surface; named by the explorer Ferdinand Magellan Magellan, Ferdinand , Port. Fernão de Magalhães, Span. Fernando de Magallanes, c.1480–1521, Portuguese navigator who sailed for Portugal and Spain. Born of a noble family, he was reared as a page in the royal household. ..... Click the link for more information. ; the southern part is also known as the South Sea. Physical Geography Extent and Seas The Pacific Ocean extends from the arctic to antarctic regions between North and South America on the east and Asia and Australia on the west. The international date line passes through it. It is connected with the Arctic Ocean by the Bering Strait; with the Atlantic Ocean by the Drake Passage, Straits of Magellan, and the Panama Canal; and with the Indian Ocean by passages in the Malay Archipelago and between Australia and Antarctica. Its maximum length is c.9,000 mi (14,500 km), and its greatest width c.11,000 mi (17,700 km), between the Isthmus of Panama and the Malay Peninsula. The principal arms of the Pacific Ocean are (in the north) the Bering Sea; (in the east) the Gulf of California; (in the south) Ross Sea; and (in the west) the Sea of Okhotsk, the Sea of Japan, and the Yellow, East China, South China, Philippine, Coral, and Tasman seas. Few large rivers drain into the Pacific Ocean; the largest are the Columbia of North America and the Huang He and Chang (Yangtze) of China. Coastline and Islands Along the E Pacific shore, generally, the coast rises abruptly from a deep seafloor to mountain heights on land, and there is a narrow continental shelf. The Asian coast is generally low and indented and is fringed with islands rising from a wide continental shelf. A series of volcanoes, the Circum-Pacific Ring of Fire, rims the Pacific basin. The approximately 20,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean are concentrated in the south and west. Most of the larger islands are structurally part of the continent and rise from the continental shelf; these include the Japanese island arc, the Malay Archipelago, and the islands of NW North America and SW South America. Scattered around the Pacific and rising from the ocean floor are high volcanic islands (such as the Hawaiian Islands) and low coral islands (such as those of Oceania Oceania or Oceanica , collective name for the approximately 25,000 islands of the Pacific, usually excluding such nontropical areas as the Ryukyu and Aleutian islands and Japan, as well as Taiwan, Indonesia, and the Philippines, whose populations are more closely ..... Click the link for more information. ). Ocean Floor The floor of the Pacific Ocean, which has an average depth of c.14,000 ft (4,300 m), is largely a deep-sea plain. The greatest known depth (35,798.6 ft/10,911.5 m) is in the Challenger Deep in the Marianas trench c.250 mi (400 km) SW of Guam. Rising from the plain are swells (many of which are volcanic), seamounts, and guyots; the extensive Albatross Plateau covers most of the SE and E central Pacific basin. Currents Huge whirls, formed by the major ocean currents, are found roughly north and south of the equator; the Equatorial Counter Current separates them. The northern whirl is formed by the North Equatorial Current, Japan Current, North Pacific Drift, and California Current; the southern whirl is formed by the South Equatorial Current, East Australian Current, West Wind Drift, and Peruvian (or Humboldt) Current. There are many branch and feeder currents that help to constantly circulate ocean water of differing temperatures and salinities. Commerce and Shipping The principal commercial fishing areas in the Pacific are found in the shallower waters of the continental shelf; salmon, halibut, herring, sardines, and tuna are the chie


"What card game was derived from the 16th century Italian game called ""ronfa""?"

Card Games - 2 | Britannica.com Card Games game played for pleasure or gambling (or both) with one or more decks of playing cards. Displaying 1 - 48 of 48 results all fours ancestor of a family of card games dating back to 17th-century England and first mentioned in The Complete Gamester of Charles Cotton in 1674. The face card formerly known as the knave owes its modern name of jack to this game. Originally, all fours... baccarat casino card game resembling, but simpler than, blackjack. In basic baccarat the house is the bank. In the related game chemin de fer, or chemmy, the bank passes from player to player. In punto banco it appears to pass from player to player but is actually... belote trick-and-meld card game derived from klaberjass about 1920 and now the most popular card game in France. The original game was for two players, and there are versions for three players, but the most popular form now is the four-player partnership game,... bezique trick-and-meld card game related to pinochle, both of which derive from the 19th-century French game of binocle, itself a development of the card game sixty-six. Bezique is now mostly played by two players using a 64-card deck consisting of two standard... blackjack gambling card game popular in casinos throughout the world. Its origin is disputed, but it is certainly related to several French and Italian gambling games. In Britain since World War I, the informal game has been called pontoon. Players hope to get... bridge card game derived from whist, through the earlier variants bridge whist and auction bridge. The essential features of all bridge games, as of whist, are that four persons play, two against two as partners; a standard 52-card deck of playing cards is... canasta card game of the rummy family, developed in Buenos Aires, Arg., and Montevideo, Uruguay, in the 1940s and popular in the United States and Great Britain from the 1950s on. The name canasta, from the Spanish word for “basket,” probably derives from the... card game game played for pleasure or gambling (or both) with one or more decks of playing cards. Games using playing cards exploit the fact that cards are individually identifiable from one side only, so that each player knows only the cards he holds and not... casino card game for two to four players, best played with two. A 52-card deck is used. When two play, the dealer deals two cards facedown to the opponent, two cards faceup to the table, and two more facedown to himself and then repeats the process so that... chemin de fer French card game played mainly in European and Latin American casinos. The game is played by up to 12 players, on a kidney-shaped table; the object is to total 9 with a hand of two or three cards. When the cards total a two-digit number, the first digit... crazy eights popular children’s card game. The basic idea is to be the first to play all one’s cards to a communal discard pile. This game has a huge number of variations and many alternative names. At its simplest, two players each receive seven cards from a standard... cribbage card game in which the object is to form counting combinations that traditionally are scored by moving pegs on a special cribbage board. The appeal of the game, usually played by two but with a popular variant played by four or occasionally by three,... domino simple gambling card game playable by two to eight players. The full deck of 52 cards is dealt out singly, so some hands may contain one more card than others. All players ante an agreed amount to a betting pool. In some circles anyone dealt one card... eleusis card game invented by Robert Abbott and first described in Martin Gardner’s “Mathematical Games” column in Scientific American (July 1959). A more-refined version appeared in Abbott’s New Card Games (1967), with a further extension privately published... euchre card game popular in the United States, Canada, New Zealand, and Great Britain, especially in Cornwall and the West Country of England. It derives from a 19th-century Alsatian game called juckerspiel from the fact that its two


What is the name for the point on the ecliptic when the sun is at its greatest distance from the equator?

Solstice | Define Solstice at Dictionary.com solstice [sol-stis, sohl-] /ˈsɒl stɪs, ˈsoʊl-/ Spell 1. Astronomy. either of the two times a year when the sun is at its greatest distance from the celestial equator: about June 21, when the sun reaches its northernmost point on the celestial sphere, or about December 22, when it reaches its southernmost point. either of the two points in the ecliptic farthest from the equator. 2. a furthest or culminating point; a turning point. Origin of solstice Latin 1200-1250 1200-50; < Middle English < Old French < Latin sōlstitium, equivalent to sōl sun + -stit-, combining form of stat-, variant stem of sistere to make stand (see stand ) + -ium -ium ; see -ice ) Dictionary.com Unabridged Examples from the Web for solstice Expand Contemporary Examples The darkest day comes on the Winter solstice (December 21), when a full moon eclipse will wreak its own special havoc. A Speckled Bird Augusta J. Evans Wilson At the summer solstice, he offers sacrifices to the earth; at the winter solstice, to heaven. British Dictionary definitions for solstice Expand noun 1. either the shortest day of the year (winter solstice) or the longest day of the year (summer solstice) 2. either of the two points on the ecliptic at which the sun is overhead at the tropic of Cancer or Capricorn at the summer and winter solstices Derived Forms solstitial (sɒlˈstɪʃəl) adjective Word Origin C13: via Old French from Latin sōlstitium, literally: the (apparent) standing still of the sun, from sōl sun + sistere to stand still Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for solstice Expand n. mid-13c., from Old French solstice (13c.), from Latin solstitium "point at which the sun seems to stand still," especially the summer solstice, from sol "sun" (see sol ) + past participle stem of sistere "to come to a stop, make stand still" (see assist (v.)). Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper solstice   (sŏl'stĭs, sōl'-)     Either of the two points on the celestial sphere where the ecliptic (the apparent path of the Sun) reaches its greatest distance north or south of the celestial equator. ◇ The northernmost point of the Sun's path, called the summer solstice, lies on the Tropic of Cancer at 23°27' north latitude. ◇ The southernmost point of the Sun's path, called the winter solstice, lies on the Tropic of Capricorn at 23°27' south latitude. Either of the two corresponding moments of the year when the Sun is directly above either the Tropic of Cancer or the Tropic of Capricorn. The summer solstice occurs on June 20 or 21 and the winter solstice on December 21 or 22, marking the beginning of summer and winter in the Northern Hemisphere (and the reverse in the Southern Hemisphere). The days on which a solstice falls have the greatest difference of the year between the hours of daylight and darkness, with the most daylight hours at the beginning of summer and the most darkness at the beginning of winter. Compare equinox . The American Heritage® Science Dictionary Copyright © 2002. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved. Expand solstice [(sol-stuhs, sohl-stuhs)] The two occasions each year when the position of the sun at a given time of day does not seem to change direction. In the Northern Hemisphere , the summer solstice occurs around June 21 and is the longest day of the year. The sun stops getting higher in the sky, and the days begin to grow shorter. The winter solstice, which occurs around December 21, is the shortest day. The sun stops getting lower in the sky, and the days begin to grow longer. The American Heritage® New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition Copyright © 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.


"In the 2003 film ""What A Girl Wants"", Amanda Bynes played the illegitimate daughter of a British politician played by whom?"

What a Girl Wants What a Girl Wants What's This? CBN.com - What a Girl Wants is a movie that is aimed at a specific       audience. It occurred to me as I watched the film that I was not a       part of that audience. Adolescents and teenage girls will find many       things to like about this movie. If you aren't a part of that audience,       all bets are off. Not that I would encourage betting. This movie is a sweet, romantic Cinderella story about Daphne Reynolds       (played by Amanda Bynes), an American girl who goes to England to       see her father whom she has never met. While this hardly original       story calls to mind several other movies with similar plots that have       been released over the years, it is in fact based on a 1956 play by       William Douglas Home entitled "The Reluctant Debutante." Daphne's mother (Libby, played by Kelly Preston) is a wedding singer       in New York. After graduating from high school, Daphne accompanies       her mother to wedding parties and works as a waitress while her mom       performs with the band. During the father-daughter dances at these       weddings, Daphne yearns for meeting her own father, a British politician. Eventually, Daphne decides to make an unannounced visit to her father,       Lord Henry Dashwood (Colin Firth), who doesn't even know she exists.       After meeting his daughter, Dashwood and his mother grow very fond       of their new-found relation. Dashwood's snooty fiance and step-daughter-to-be       resent her and attempt to make her stay very uncomfortable. Dashwood's       political advisers, who ran Daphne's mother off seventeen years before,       try their best to get Daphne away from Dashwood before the scandal       can damage his political career. The movie is quite funny in parts and consistently cute throughout.       Perhaps too cute for some of us who are not part of the intended audience.       There are a good number of jokes aimed at snooty members of the British       upper crust. The usual scenes of the typical American teen struggling       to fit in with British nobility abound, as they do in other movies       of this type. Perhaps, I would have found them humorous had I not       seen them before in several other movies. However, at the heart of this movie is a very good message. It places       a high value on fatherhood and family. Daphne realizes how important       it is to her to have a father in her life. In fact, throughout her       entire childhood she repeatedly wished for her father to enter her       life. And in the end, her father realizes how important it is for       him to be a part of his daughter's life. The movie also communicates that family is more important than career.       It could damage Dashwood's political career to admit that he had a       family in America that he never even knew he had. He has to decide       between fulfilling his responsibilities as a father and pursuing further       political success. In the end, he makes the right choice. The movie is very well-acted. Bynes, star of "The Amanda Show" on Nickelodeon, carries the lead role well. She is helped along by       a cast of veteran actors who turn in performances that are as good       as they can be with the material they are working with (in addition       to Firth and Preston: Eileen Atkins, Jonathan Price, and Anna Chancellor). If you are looking for a movie for the whole family, this would be       an excellent choice. There is very little that is objectionable about       this PG-rated movie. Perhaps the most objectionable thing would be       the fact that Dashwood and Libby had a baby out of wedlock. Maybe.       See, they were sort of married at the time... Nevermind, it is too       hard to explain. Perhaps they were


How high should a badminton net be at the centre?

Equipment – BWF Shuttle Time Shuttlecocks When teaching badminton to school pupils it is advised to use synthetic shuttles. Synthetic shuttles are more durable than feather ones and come in a variety of colors. Colored shuttles can be used to aid younger pupils or individuals with visual impairments. Net Click on a thumbnail to show a larger image The height of a badminton net should be 1.55 metres (5 ft. 1 inch) high at the edges and 1.524 metres (5 ft.) high in the centre. To assist pupils it may be possible to reduce the height of the net or remove the net entirely. When lowering or removing the net it is important to re-inforce safety to pupils. Schools that do not have badminton nets can use rope or tape as a substitute. Balloons can be used as a replacement for Shuttles in many activities in the Shuttle Time programme. Pupils may find it easier to successfully strike a balloon, due to its larger size and slower trajectory. Click on a thumbnail to show a larger image


"According to Virgil's Latin epic poem ""The Aeneid"", who, during the Trojan War, made a wooden horse and filled it with soldiers that the Trojans took through the gates of Troy?"

Aeneid Legends of Aeneas   Aeneas , the Trojan hero who survived the war at Troy, was a subject of several legends. The official legend of Aeneas was that found in a Latin epic, The Aeneid, written by a Roman poet, Virgil or Vergil. According to this epic, Aeneas settled in Italy, not far from the present site of Rome. Ovid followed more or less Virgil's epic about Aeneas after the Trojan War. Ovid only give a brief sketch of Aeneas voyage to Italy and the war against the Latins; all this take place in Book 14 of the Metamorphoses. I will cover this legend, shortly, but in this introduction I would like us to look at the various legends of his survival. According to classical mythology, Aeneas was the son of Anchises . His mother was the Greek goddess Aphrodite or the Roman goddess Venus . A story of the conception of Aeneas can be found in the Homeric Hymns. One long hymn was dedicated to the goddess Aphrodite. The House of Troy had actually being divided into two branches: that of Dardania and that of Troy or Ilium. Aeneas actually belonged to the Dardania, a house older than Troy, but Troy became more powerful than Dardania. So in actual fact Aeneas was a Dardanian prince, not a Trojan. In the major epic of the Trojan War, titled The Iliad, which was written by Homer, Aeneas' role was minor. Despite this minor role in the epic, Homer says that Aeneas was second only to Hector as a warrior, on the Trojan side. Hector the son of King Priam of Troy and of Hecuba, was commander-in-chief of the Trojans and their allies, while Aeneas had served as second-in-command. In one scene, when Poseidon rescued Aeneas from the Greek champion, Achilles , the sea god saved him and mentioned to him that he was destined not only to survive Troy's fall, but becomes its new king. Homer doesn't mention Aeneas in his other epic, The Odyssey, which was devoted to the homecoming of the Ithacan hero Odysseus . When Troy was sacked, all authors mentioned that Aeneas had survived the war. In the fragments of two epic poems collected in the so-called Epic Cycle, they showed two very different outcomes for Aeneas after the war. According to The Little Iliad, Aeneas was captured, and given to Neoptolemus , son of Achilles as slave, along with Andromache , wife of Hector. He probably lived the rest of his life in Pharsalia. In the other Epic Cycle poem, The Sack of Ilium, Aeneas and his Dardanian followers were alarmed when two large sea serpents killed Laocoon and his son, before the Trojan Horse. Aeneas took this as a bad sign, so he gathered his followers returned to Mount Ida, leaving Troy to its fate, so Aeneas wasn't there when the city was captured. Neither of these two works mentioned Aeneas carrying his crippled father out of Troy or him sailing off from Troy to find a new home in Italy, which were found in The Aeneid. The mythographer Apollodorus also doesn't mention Italy. He does say however that Aeneas did carrying his father out of Troy, but he also says that the Greeks allowed him to leave the city because of his piety. However, this image of him escaping Troy with his father and son does appear in a 6th century BC vase painting. The earliest connections of Aeneas with Italy and Rome were found in the works of two Greek writers Hellanicus of Lesbos and Damastes of Sigeum. They actually say that Aeneas founded Rome. The earliest Latin works concerning Aeneas, comes from Marcus Porcius Cato, also known as Cato the Elder or Cato the Censor (234-149 BC), who wrote The Origines. Cato says that Aeneas married Lavionia, daughter of King Latinus of Latium, and founded Alba Longa. Such was the popularity of Aeneas that other people in the Middle Ages began associating their cultures and civilisations to the Trojans, in particular to Aeneas. In the prologue of the medieval Icelandic Edda, Snorri Sturluson had identified Troy with Asgard, and Aeneas with Vidar, son of Odin and survivor of Ragnarok. Snorri had associated the destruction of Asgard during Ragnarok, with that of Troy. According to the Welsh (pseudo-) historian, Geoffrey of Monmouth w


What is the Capital of Greece? - Capital-of.com Dates of religious and Civil holidays around the world. www.when-is.com Capital of Greece The Capital City of Greece (officially named Hellenic Republic) is the city of Athens. The population of Athens in the year 2001 was 745,514 (3,761,810 in the metropolitan area). Greece is a Greek speaking country on the coasts of the (Aegean sea, Lonian Sea (parts of the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Additional Information


"Slogans such as ""The Truth Is Out There"", ""Trust No One"" and ""I Want to Believe"" that became part of pop culture in the 1990s were from which TV series?"

X-Files (Season 1-9) (download torrent) - TPB  Get this torrent (Problems with magnets links are fixed by upgrading your torrent client !) The X-Files is an American science fiction drama television series, which is a part of The X-Files franchise, created by Chris Carter. The program originally aired from September 10, 1993 to May 19, 2002, spanning nine seasons and 202 episodes. The show was a hit for the Fox network, and its characters and slogans, such as "The Truth Is Out There", "Trust No One", and "I Want to Believe" became popular culture touchstones in the 1990s. Seen as a defining series of its era, The X-Files tapped into public mistrust of governments and large institutions, and embraced conspiracy theories and spirituality as it centered on efforts to uncover the existence of extraterrestrial life. The series spawned a spin-off show, The Lone Gunmen. In the series, FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) are the investigators of X-Files: marginalized, unsolved cases involving paranormal phenomena. Mulder is a believer in the existence of aliens and the paranormal while Scully, a skeptic, is assigned to make scientific analyses of Mulder's discoveries which could ultimately be used to debunk Mulder's work and thus return him to FBI mainstream.[1] Early in the series both agents become pawns in a larger conflict, and come to trust only each other. They develop a close relationship, which begins as a platonic friendship, but develops into a romantic relationship by the end of the series' run. In addition to the series-spanning story arc, "monster of the week" episodes made up roughly two-thirds of the series. In such stand-alone episodes, Mulder and Scully investigated strange crimes which often had no long-term effect on the storyline, though the episodes contributed to the show's background. A 1998 feature film, The X-Files, has been released. This was followed in 2008 by a post-series film, The X-Files: I Want to Believe. In the last two seasons, Gillian Anderson became the star as David Duchovny appeared intermittently, and new central characters were introduced: FBI agents John Doggett (Robert Patrick) and Monica Reyes (Annabeth Gish). Mulder and Scully's boss, Assistant Director Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi), also became a central character. By the time the series ended, The X-Files had become the longest-running science fiction series in U.S. television history, though it was subsequently surpassed by Stargate SG-1 in 2007 and by Smallville in 2011. The series won the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Drama three times (1994, 1996, and 1997), and Duchovny and Anderson received multiple award nominations for their performances.


What is another name for sodium bicarbonate?

Sodium bicarbonate - brand name list from Drugs.com Sodium bicarbonate Important: The information below refers to medicines available in the United States that contain sodium bicarbonate. Medications containing sodium bicarbonate: calcium carbonate/potassium bicarbonate/sodium bicarbonate systemic Calcium carbonate/potassium bicarbonate/sodium bicarbonate systemic is used in the treatment of: → Search the entire Drugs.com site for sodium bicarbonate Disclaimer: The indications, uses and warnings for individual medications outside the USA are determined by local regulatory bodies in each country or region. The Drugs.com website is intended primarily for audiences in the United States and its territories. Indications, uses and warnings on Drugs.com patient information leaflets are derived from FDA product labels and may differ in countries outside the USA. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided on this page is accurate, up-to-date and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drugs.com does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend specific therapies. The information on this page is not a substitute for the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that a drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Drugs.com does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information provided here. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. Always consult your doctor or healthcare specialist for medical advice. sodium bicarbonate


The Greek mathematician, mystic and scientist Pythagoras is best known for the Pythagorean theorem, which concerns what?

Pythagoras - Greek Mathematics - The Story of Mathematics The Story of Mathematics GREEK MATHEMATICS - PYTHAGORAS Pythagoras of Samos (c.570-495 BCE) It is sometimes claimed that we owe pure mathematics to Pythagoras, and he is often called the first "true" mathematician. But, although his contribution was clearly important, he nevertheless remains a controversial figure. He left no mathematical writings himself, and much of what we know about Pythagorean thought comes to us from the writings of Philolaus and other later Pythagorean scholars. Indeed, it is by no means clear whether many (or indeed any) of the theorems ascribed to him were in fact solved by Pythagoras personally or by his followers. The school he established at Croton in southern Italy around 530 BCE was the nucleus of a rather bizarre Pythagorean sect. Although Pythagorean thought was largely dominated by mathematics, it was also profoundly mystical, and Pythagoras imposed his quasi-religious philosophies, strict vegetarianism, communal living, secret rites and odd rules on all the members of his school (including bizarre and apparently random edicts about never urinating towards the sun, never marrying a woman who wears gold jewellery, never passing an ass lying in the street, never eating or even touching black fava beans, etc) . The members were divided into the "mathematikoi" (or "learners"), who extended and developed the more mathematical and scientific work that Pythagoras himself began, and the "akousmatikoi" (or "listeners"), who focused on the more religious and ritualistic aspects of his teachings. There was always a certain amount of friction between the two groups and eventually the sect became caught up in some fierce local fighting and ultimately dispersed. Resentment built up against the secrecy and exclusiveness of the Pythagoreans and, in 460 BCE, all their meeting places were burned and destroyed, with at least 50 members killed in Croton alone. The over-riding dictum of Pythagoras's school was �All is number� or �God is number�, and the Pythagoreans effectively practised a kind of numerology or number-worship, and considered each number to have its own character and meaning. For example, the number one was the generator of all numbers; two represented opinion; three, harmony; four, justice; five, marriage; six, creation; seven, the seven planets or �wandering stars�; etc. Odd numbers were thought of as female and even numbers as male. The Pythagorean Tetractys The holiest number of all was "tetractys" or ten, a triangular number composed of the sum of one, two, three and four. It is a great tribute to the Pythagoreans' intellectual achievements that they deduced the special place of the number 10 from an abstract mathematical argument rather than from something as mundane as counting the fingers on two hands. However, Pythagoras and his school - as well as a handful of other mathematicians of ancient Greece - was largely responsible for introducing a more rigorous mathematics than what had gone before, building from first principles using axioms and logic. Before Pythagoras, for example, geometry had been merely a collection of rules derived by empirical measurement. Pythagoras discovered that a complete system of mathematics could be constructed, where geometric elements corresponded with numbers, and where integers and their ratios were all that was necessary to establish an entire system of logic and truth. He is mainly remembered for what has become known as Pythagoras� Theorem (or the Pythagorean Theorem): that, for any right-angled triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse (the longest side, opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the square of the other two sides (or �legs�). Written as an equation: a2 + b2 = c2. What Pythagoras and his followers did not realize is that this also works for any shape: thus, the area of a pentagon on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the pentagons on the other two sides, as it does for a semi-circle or any other regular (or even irregular( shape. Pythagoras' (Pythagorean)


"In the 1964 film ""Dr. Strangelove ... "", the doctor, working as national security consultant to the president, was a sinister character with a heavy Germanic accent and darkly Teutonic attitudes. Who had the nickname ""Dr Strangelove"" when in public office in the 1970s?"

Kissinger: 1923-1968: The Idealist by Niall Ferguson, Paperback | Barnes & Noble® April 2015 Introduction After all, didn’t what happened to me actually happen by chance? Good God, I was a completely unknown professor. How could I have said to myself: “Now I’m going to maneuver things so as to become internationally famous?” It would have been pure folly. . . . One might then say it happened because it had to happen. That’s what they always say when things have happened. They never say that about things that don’t happen—the history of things that didn’t happen has never been written. —HENRY KISSINGER to Oriana Fallaci, Nov. 4, 19721 I Surely no statesman in modern times, and certainly no American secretary of state, has been as revered and then as reviled as Henry Kissinger. When Oriana Fallaci interviewed him in November 1972, Kissinger had not yet attained the zenith of his fame. Looking back on their encounter a few years later, Fallaci sardonically parodied the magazine covers of the time: This too famous, too important, too lucky man, whom they call Superman, Superstar, Superkraut, and who stitches together paradoxical alliances, reaches impossible agreements, keeps the world holding its breath as though the world were his students at Harvard. This incredible, inexplicable, unbearable personage, who meets Mao Tse-tung when he likes, enters the Kremlin when he feels like it, wakens the president of the United States and goes into his bedroom when he thinks it appropriate. This absurd character with horn-rimmed glasses, beside whom James Bond becomes a flavorless creation. He does not shoot, nor use his fists, nor leap from speeding automobiles like James Bond, but he advises on wars, ends wars, pretends to change our destiny, and does change it.2 Clad as Superman, tights, cape, and all, Kissinger did in fact appear as a cartoon “Super K” on the cover of Newsweek in June 1974. Successive Newsweek covers had depicted him as “The Man in the White House Basement,” as “Nixon’s Secret Agent,” and as an American Gulliver, swarmed over by Lilliputian figures representing “A World of Woes.” Time magazine was even more captivated. While in office, Kissinger appeared on its cover no fewer than fifteen times. He was, according to one Time profile, “the world’s indispensable man.”3 Of course, there was an element of humor in all this. The joke was already doing the rounds by late 1972: “Just think what would happen if Kissinger died. Richard Nixon would become president of the United States!”4 The compound word “Nixinger” was briefly in vogue to imply Kissinger’s parity with the president. On the cover of Charles Ashman’s Kissinger: The Adventures of Super-Kraut, published in 1972, the eponymous superhero appeared disheveled, with telltale lipstick on his cheek. Yet Kissinger’s popularity was real. That same year he came in fourth in Gallup’s “Most Admired Man Index”; in 1973 he was number one. In May of that year, 78 percent of Americans were able to identify Kissinger, a proportion otherwise achieved only by presidents, presidential candidates, and the biggest stars of sport and screen.5 By the middle of 1974 his approval rating, according to the regular Harris survey, was an astounding 85 percent. All secretaries of state, sooner or later, are interviewed by Charlie Rose. Only Henry Kissinger appeared on Rose’s show nearly forty times, to say nothing of his cameos in the soap opera Dynasty6 and The Colbert Report. All secretaries of state are caricatured in the newspapers. Only Kissinger became an animated cartoon character in three television series (in Freakazoid,7 The Simpsons,8 and Family Guy).9 Yet as Kissinger was all too well aware even in 1972, this kind of celebrity can easily flip into notoriety. “The consequences of what I do, I mean the public’s judgment[s],” he assured Oriana Fallaci, “have never bothered me. I don’t ask for popularity, I’m not looking for popularity. On the contrary, if you really want to know, I care nothing about popularity. I’m not at all afraid of losing my public; I can allow myself to say


What is the name for a poem of 14 lines that first appeared when written by Giacomo da Lentini in 1220, for which various rhyme schemes were developed?

Sonnets. What is a Sonnet? A formal, structured poem It traditionally focuses on the theme of love Has appeared in many variations throughout history. - ppt download Download Presentation is loading. Please wait. Sonnets. What is a Sonnet? A formal, structured poem It traditionally focuses on the theme of love Has appeared in many variations throughout history. Published by Branden Barber Modified about 1 year ago Embed Similar presentations More Presentation on theme: "Sonnets. What is a Sonnet? A formal, structured poem It traditionally focuses on the theme of love Has appeared in many variations throughout history."— Presentation transcript: 1 Sonnets 2 What is a Sonnet? A formal, structured poem It traditionally focuses on the theme of love Has appeared in many variations throughout history. 3 Structure 14 Lines Uses Iambic Pentameter Unstressed / Stressed Syllables (duh-Nuh) 5 Feet per line ie. “Shall I compare thee to a summer day” ie. “That junkyard fell down the side of the hill” 4 Italian / Petrarchan History Developed in the 14th century by Petrarch, an Italian poet The Octave (8 lines) describe a subject or introduces a problem The Sestet (6 lines) comments on or resolves the problem 5 Italian / Petrarchan Form Octave (first 8 lines) Rhyme Scheme: abba abba Sestet (remaining 6 lines) Rhyme Scheme(s): cdcdcd cddc dc cde cdeced cdcedc 6 “The World is too much With Us; Late and Soon” by Wordsworth (1806) The world is too much with us; late and soon, Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers: Little we see in Nature that is ours; We have given our hearts away, a sordid boon! The Sea that bares her bosom to the moon; The winds that will be howling at all hours, And are up-gathered now like sleeping flowers; For this, for everything, we are out of tune; It moves us not.--Great God! I'd rather be A Pagan suckled in a creed outworn; So might I, standing on this pleasant lea, Have glimpses that would make me less forlorn; Have sight of Proteus rising from the sea; Or hear old Triton blow his wreathed horn. 7 Shakespearian or Elizabethan Sonnet History in 1609 Shakespeare published a collection of 154 poems about life, love, etc. Famous poems include “The Dark Lady,” which is famous for its ambiguity. Was she a black woman, a brunette, a prostitute? Some sonnets are addressed to a male “beloved” -- Controversial and unclear if they were commissioned by a woman or a man sending them to a man. Some sonnets may have addressed Elizabeth I (the Virgin Queen) who was often described as a male figure because of her strength and the fact that she didn’t marry. 8 Shakespearian or Elizabethan Sonnet Form 14 lines of iambic pentameter 3 quatrains (4 line stanzas) that provide examples of a theme or metaphorical statements Quatrain’s rhyme scheme is abab A rhyming couplet concludes the discussion of the topic 9 “Sonnet 127” by Shakespeare In the old age black was not counted fair, Or if it were it bore not beauty's name: But now is black beauty's successive heir, And beauty slandered with a bastard shame, For since each hand hath put on nature's power, Fairing the foul with art's false borrowed face, Sweet beauty hath no name no holy bower, But is profaned, if not lives in disgrace. Therefore my mistress' eyes are raven black, Her eyes so suited, and they mourners seem, At such who not born fair no beauty lack, Slandering creation with a false esteem, Yet so they mourn becoming of their woe, That every tongue says beauty should look so. 10 Other Forms of Sonnets Spenserian - Mixes Shakespearian and Petrarchan Milton - Usually Italian in form but discusses morality and politics Avant Garde - The only form requirement is 14 lines of poetry Curtal Sonnet Popularized by Hopkins, who wrote several love sonnets devoted to God 10 lines of iambic pentameter followed by one line of 5 syllables Intricate rhyme scheme (abc abc dbcdc) 11 “Pied Beauty” by Hopkins ( ) Glory be to God for dappled things— For skies of couple-colour as a brinded cow; For rose-moles all in stipple upon trout that swim; Fresh-firecoal chestnut-falls; finches' wi


What was the name given to the group of people in the English Midlands who destroyed machinery in 1811 - 1812, believing it to be the cause of their unemployment?

The Industrial Age! - The Educational Forum of Omar Hameed The Educational Forum of Omar Hameed The Industrial Age! THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ! ! ! A Watt steam engine , the steam engine fuelled primarily by coal that propelled the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain and the world. The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transport, and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions starting in the United Kingdom , then subsequently spreading throughout Europe, North America, and eventually the world. The Industrial Revolution marks a major turning point in human history; almost every aspect of daily life was eventually influenced in some way. Most notably, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth. In the two centuries following 1800, the world's average per capita income increased over 10-fold, while the world's population increased over 6-fold. In the words of Nobel Prize winning Robert E. Lucas, Jr. , "For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth. ... Nothing remotely like this economic behavior has happened before." Starting in the later part of the 18th century there began a transition in parts of Great Britain's previously manual labour and draft-animal–based economy towards machine -based manufacturing. It started with the mechanization of the textile industries, the development of iron-making techniques and the increased use of refined coal . Trade expansion was enabled by the introduction of canals , improved roads and railways . The introduction of steam power fuelled primarily by coal, wider utilisation of water wheels and powered machinery (mainly in textile manufacturing ) underpinned the dramatic increases in production capacity. The development of all-metal machine tools in the first two decades of the 19th century facilitated the manufacture of more production machines for manufacturing in other industries. The effects spread throughout Western Europe and North America during the 19th century, eventually affecting most of the world, a process that continues as industrialisation . The impact of this change on society was enormous. The first Industrial Revolution, which began in the 18th century, merged into the Second Industrial Revolution around 1850, when technological and economic progress gained momentum with the development of steam-powered ships , railways, and later in the 19th century with the internal combustion engine and electrical power generation . The period of time covered by the Industrial Revolution varies with different historians. Eric Hobsbawm held that it 'broke out' in Britain in the 1780s and was not fully felt until the 1830s or 1840s, while T. S. Ashton held that it occurred roughly between 1760 and 1830. Some 20th century historians such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts have argued that the process of economic and social change took place gradually and the term revolution is a misnomer. This is still a subject of debate among historians. GDP per capita was broadly stable before the Industrial Revolution and the emergence of the modern capitalist economy. The Industrial Revolution began an era of per-capita economic growth in capitalist economies. Economic historians are in agreement that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in the history of humanity since the domestication of animals and plants. Innovations The only surviving example of a Spinning Mule built by the inventor Samuel Crompton The commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations, [15] made in the second half of the 18th century: Textiles – Cotton spinning using Richard Arkwright's water frame , James Hargreaves's Spinning Jenny , and Samuel Crompton's Spinning Mule (a combination of the Spinning Jenny and the Water Frame). This was patented in 1769 and so came out of patent in 1783. The end of the patent


Usain Bolt | Profile | iaaf.org Usain Bolt Rio de Janeiro (Estádio Olímpico) 14 AUG Rio de Janeiro (Estádio Olímpico) 18 AUG Rio de Janeiro (Estádio Olímpico) 17 AUG Rio de Janeiro (Estádio Olímpico) 14 AUG 2016 Rio de Janeiro (Estádio Olímpico) 18 AUG 2016 Sherbrooke 11 JUL 2003 Focus on Athletes biographies are produced by the IAAF Communications Dept, and not by the IAAF Statistics and Documentation Division. If you have any enquiries concerning the information, please use the Contact IAAF page , selecting ‘Focus on Athletes Biographies’ in the drop down menu of contact area options. Updated 20 August 2007 Usain BOLT, Jamaica, (200m & 400m) Born 21 August 1986, Trelawny, Jamaica; 1.96m; 86kg  Coaches: Dwayne Barrett, Pablo McNeil, Fitz Coleman, Glen Mills Nicknamed “lightning Bolt”, Usain Bolt is the only junior to have run the 200m under 20 seconds. Holder of the world junior and Jamaican national records, Bolt started running while in primary school, although his first love was cricket. He still enjoys the game but prefers basketball more now. After competing for his parish of Trelawny at the annual national primary schools meeting, his coach convinced him to pursue track and field and that year he entered William Knibb High School. It was not until his third year at high school, in 2001, that Bolt won his first medal at the annual high school championships, finishing second in 22.04. Fans in Barbados, host country of the Carifta Games - the Caribbean regional junior Championships - bore witness to his exciting potential as he took silver in a PB 48.28 for 400m and placed second in the 200 (21.81). Later that year he contested the 200m at the IAAF World Youth Championships. in Debrecen, Hungary, lowering his PB to 21.73, although he was eliminated in the semi-finals. This Falmouth native blossomed in 2002. At 15, he took the 200/400 double at the High School Championships, Carifta and the CAC Junior Championships, laying the foundation for a big run at the World Junior Championships in his home country, in Kingston. Along the way, the 6 foot-5 inch Bolt, towered over the competitors lowering his 200m personal best to 20.61. In the relays, he ran solid legs as a member of national record setting teams in the 4x100 and 4x400. Bolt maintained his superb form in 2003, winning gold in the 200m at the IAAF World Youth Championships and Pan-Am Junior Championships (equalling the world junior record of 20.13). He was the star of the Jamaican High School Championships, rewriting the record books in the under-19 age group, with an easy 45.3 in the 400m, an 0.87 improvement on the previous record and 20.25 in the curved sprint, to lower the old mark by 0.57. Bolt, the World Youth and World Junior 200m champion, then stood on the threshold of holding an unprecedented three IAAF world 200m titles simultaneously as he prepared for the World Championships in Paris. But conjunctivitis cut short his training 6 weeks beforehand and led to him being withdrawn. The Bolt record rampage continued in 2004. Now a professional, he lowered the world junior 200m record of 20.13 seconds he shared with American Roy Martin, as he became the first junior athlete to break 20 seconds, with his Carifta Games winning time of 19.93 in Bermuda. Leg ailments destroyed the Olympic medal winning promise offered by the record run and Bolt was eliminated in the first round of the 200m at the Olympic Games in Athens. Bolt has since broken 20 seconds on five other occasions. That includes his national senior record of 19.75 at the 2007 Jamaican National Championships, breaking the 36-year-old record of his hero, Don Quarrie, by 0.11. In 2005, a season in which he ran 19.99, he won the CAC title and became the youngest Jamaican male (10 days before his 19th birthday) to reach an IAAF World Championships sprint final. But injury slowed him in the Helsinki final and he finished eighth.  Now one of the world’s finest 200m sprinters, and ranked in the world top 5 in 2005 and 2006, Bolt has not confined himself to the 200m in 2007. In the 400m, he has lowered his P


"What song was played at the end of the 1964 film ""Dr. Strangelove or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love The Bomb""?"

Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb (1964) - Soundtracks - IMDb Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb (1964) Performed by Studio Orchestra during the opening credits When Johnny Comes Marching Home (1863) (uncredited) Music by the Union Army bandmaster, Louis Lambert In the score often during the flight of Major 'King' Kong's aircraft We'll Meet Again


"Who developed the most widely used system of shorthand, which he proposed in ""Stenographic Soundhand"" in 1837?"

About: Isaac Pitman About: Isaac Pitman An Entity of Type : person ,   from Named Graph : http://dbpedia.org ,   within Data Space : dbpedia.org Sir Isaac Pitman (4 January 1813 – 22 January 1897), was an English teacher who developed the most widely used system of shorthand, known now as Pitman shorthand. He first proposed this in Stenographic Soundhand in 1837. He was also the vice president of the Vegetarian Society. Pitman was knighted by Queen Victoria in 1894. Property Isaac Pitman ( - ), inventeur britannique, est l'auteur d'une méthode de sténographie connue aujourd'hui sous le nom de sténographie Pitman (en). (fr) Isaac Pitman (* 4. Januar 1813 in Trowbridge, Wiltshire; † 22. Januar 1897 in Bath) arbeitete 1837 eine eigene Kurzschrift aus, in der er die englische Sprache nach phonetischen Gesichtspunkten analysiert hatte, und nannte sie deshalb Lautschrift (phonography). Er teilte seine Kurzschrift in eine Schulschrift (learners style) für Anfänger und eine Redeschrift (corresponding style/reporting style) für Fortgeschrittene ein.Am 10. Januar 1840 bot er erstmals Fernunterricht seiner Kurzschrift an. Unterlagen versandte er gegen Vorauszahlung eines Schillings. (de) Sir Isaac Pitman (4 January 1813 – 22 January 1897), was an English teacher who developed the most widely used system of shorthand, known now as Pitman shorthand. He first proposed this in Stenographic Soundhand in 1837. He was also the vice president of the Vegetarian Society. Pitman was knighted by Queen Victoria in 1894. (en) Isaac Pitman (n. 4 de enero de 1813 - f. 12 de enero de 1897), nombrado caballero en 1894, es el inventor del quizás más usado sistema de taquigrafía, conocido como taquigrafía Pitman. Este sistema fue propuesto por él en 1837. Pitman fue un maestro calificado y enseñó en una escuela privada que fundó en Wotton-under-Edge. Fue además vicepresidente de la Sociedad Vegetariana. (es) Isaac Pitman (Trowbridge, Wiltshire, 4 de janeiro de 1813 — Somerset, 12 de janeiro de 1897), nomeado cavaleiro em 1894, foi um educador e inventor inglês. Em 1837, ele inventou um método de taquigrafia (ou estenografia), que ganhou divulgação à base de fichas e intercâmbio postal com seus alunos. Foi também vice-presidente da Sociedade Vegetariana. (pt) サー・アイザック・ピットマン（Sir Isaac Pitman、1813年1月4日 – 1897年1月22日）は、イギリスの教育家で、もっとも普及した速記方式であるピットマン式の発明者。 (ja) Sir Isaac Pitman (4 stycznia 1813 – 12 stycznia 1897), uszlachcony w roku 1894, stworzył w swoim czasie najczęściej używany w świecie anglojęzycznym system stenograficzny, znany jako Pitman shorthand. Znany także z upowszechnienia korespondencyjnej metody nauczania. (pl) Айзек Питман (англ. Isaac Pitman; 4 января 1813 — 22 января 1897) — британский учёный-стенограф и религиозный деятель, изобретатель одной из самых распространённых в XIX веке систем стенографии, названной в его честь «скоропись Питмана».Родился в Троубридже, графство Уилтшир в Англии. По роду занятий был школьным учителем в Воттоне (Wotton-under-Edge). С молодых лет был сторонником реформы правописания английского языка в сторону упрощения. Впервые свои взгляды изложил в памфлете «Sound-Hand» (1837). Придерживался философско-религиозных взглядов Сведенборга, был активным прихожанином Новой церкви, с 1887 по 1897 год возглавлял её общину в Бате; с 1837 года не употреблял алкоголь и с 1838 года отказался от употребления мясных продуктов, впоследствии стал вице-президентом британского вегетарианского общества. В 1894 году был посвящён в рыцари.Его учебник стенографии, основанной на фонетических началах, — «Phonohgraphic teacher», — выдержал более 100 изданий. Питман содействовал также реформе английского правописания (English-language spelling reform) на фонетических началах («Phonetic longhand»). Система Питмана была принята не только в Англии, но в значительной степени и в Северной Америке, и Австралии, отчасти и в других странах. В 1851 году основал стенографический фонетический институт в Бате, с отделениями в Лондоне и Нью-Йорке, для обучения стенографии и для издания книг по этой части. (ru) Isaac Pitman ( - ), inventeur bri


"What medium had its first test with a recording of Richard Strauss's ""Eine Alpensinfonie"" by the Berlin Philharmonic conducted by Herbert von Karajan in 1981, and its first commercial pressing with ""The Visitors"" by ABBA a year later?"

Compact Disc : definition of Compact Disc and synonyms of Compact Disc (English) High definition optical disc format war       The Compact Disc, or CD for short, is an optical disc used to store digital data . It was originally developed to store and play back sound recordings only, but the format was later adapted for storage of data ( CD-ROM ), write-once audio and data storage ( CD-R ), rewritable media ( CD-RW ), Video Compact Discs ( VCD ), Super Video Compact Discs ( SVCD ), PhotoCD, PictureCD, CD-i, and Enhanced CD. Audio CDs and audio CD players have been commercially available since October 1982. Standard CDs have a diameter of 120 millimetres (4.7 in) and can hold up to 80 minutes of uncompressed audio or 700  MB (700 × 220 bytes) of data. The Mini CD has various diameters ranging from 60 to 80 millimetres (2.4 to 3.1 in); they are sometimes used for CD singles, storing up to 24 minutes of audio or delivering device drivers . CD-ROMs and CD-Rs remain widely used technologies in the computer industry . The CD and its extensions are successful: in 2004, worldwide sales of CD audio, CD-ROM, and CD-R reached about 30 billion discs. By 2007, 200 billion CDs had been sold worldwide. [1] Compact Discs are increasingly being replaced or supplemented by other forms of digital distribution and storage, such as downloading and flash drives , with audio CD sales dropping nearly 50% from their peak in 2000. [2] Contents 11 External links   History The Compact Disc is an evolution of LaserDisc technology. Sony first publicly demonstrated an optical digital audio disc in September 1976. In September 1978 they demonstrated an optical digital audio disc with a 150 minute playing time, and with specifications of 44,056 Hz sampling rate, 16-bit linear resolution, cross-interleaved error correction code, that were similar to those of the Compact Disc introduced in 1982. Technical details of Sony's digital audio disc were presented during the 62nd AES Convention, held on March 13–16, 1979, in Brussels . [3] On March 8, 1979 Philips publicly demonstrated a prototype of an optical digital audio disc at a press conference called "Philips Introduce Compact Disc" [4] in Eindhoven , Netherlands . [5] On March 6, 2009, Philips received an IEEE Milestone with the following citation: "On 8 March 1979, N.V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken demonstrated for the international press a Compact Disc Audio Player. The demonstration showed that it is possible by using digital optical recording and playback to reproduce audio signals with superb stereo quality. This research at Philips established the technical standard for digital optical recording systems." [6] Sony executive Norio Ohga , who later became the CEO and chairman of Sony, was convinced of the format's commercial potential and pushed further development despite widespread skepticism. [7] Later in 1979, Sony and Philips Consumer Electronics (Philips) set up a joint task force of engineers to design a new digital audio disc. Led by Kees Schouhamer Immink and Toshitada Doi , the research pushed forward laser and optical disc technology that began independently by Philips and Sony in 1977 and 1975, respectively. [4] After a year of experimentation and discussion, the task force produced the Red Book , the Compact Disc standard. Philips contributed the general manufacturing process , based on video LaserDisc technology. Philips also contributed eight-to-fourteen modulation (EFM), which offers both a long playing time and a certain resilience to defects such as scratches and fingerprints, while Sony contributed the error-correction method, CIRC . The Compact Disc Story, [8] told by a former member of the taskforce, gives background information on the many technical decisions made, including the choice of the sampling frequency, playing time, and disc diameter. The task force consisted of around four to eight persons, [9] [10] though according to Philips, the Compact Disc was thus "invented collectively by a large group of people working as a team." [11] The first test CD was pressed in Langenha


"""A Little Night Music"" by Stephen Sondheim, Hugh Wheeler and Harold Prince, was based on which 1955 film directed by Ingmar Bergman?"

Movie Review -  - Film: 'A Little Night Music':Bergman-Inspired - NYTimes.com Film: 'A Little Night Music':Bergman-Inspired By VINCENT CANBY Published: March   8, 1978 INGMAR BERGMAN'S "Smiles of a Summer Night" is, next to his film version of "The Magic Flute," the most charming, most buoyant movie he's ever made. "A Little Night Music," the Broadway musical adaptation of the Bergman film, directed by Harold Prince, with music and lyrics by Stephen Sondheim at his best, sent one out of the theater feeling in top form. It's something more than a shock, then, that the film adaptation of the Broadway show not only fails to raise the spirits; it also tramples on them. The more kindly disposed will leave the theater depressed, a lot of others may be in a rage. Though it's possible to fail with intelligence and grace, the movie, which opens today at Columbia 1, pursues disaster in the manner of someone who, with mindless self-confidence, saws off the limb he's sittin on. Perhaps the movie's worst sin is to make the critic feel he must play the role of the piously aggrieved scoutmaster, who has to say a lot of boring, obvious things—in this case about the difference between the stage and movies. These are things that Mr. Prince, who also directed the movie, and Hugh Wheeler, who wrote the screenplay from his own Broadway book, certainly know from experience that is more practical than most critics will ever have. The way they have made the movie, it looks like a publicly posted suicide pact. Such a succession of mistakes can't be accidental. The Broadway show, like the Bergman film, is a wickedly lyric rondel, a romantic, turn-of-the-century masquerade about three mismatched couples who, in the course of a limpid summer night, on a magnificent country estate, more or less stumble into perfect happiness. They are a beautiful, worldly actress of certain years (Elizabeth Taylor), her lover, a foolish hussar (Laurence Guittard), the hussar's jealous wife (Diana Rigg), the wife's school friend (Lesley-Ann Down), whose much older husband (Len Cariou) loves the actress and whose stepson (Christopher Guard) loves his stepmother. Looking on are the actress's ancient mother (Hermione Gingold), herself once a famous courtesan, and the actress's daughter (Chloe Franks), plus one lively, pretty maid (Lesley Dunlop), without whom no farce can be complete. The sum and substance of the show are not the characters but Mr. Sondheim's music and lyrics. They describe the awful and funny torments of hearts that rule minds of the size and consistency of baby peas. It's not exactly a problem play. It's Mozartean comedy in which stylized settings, costumes and even lighting create a world of sweet timelessness. Having elected to transform the Sondheim show into a film, Mr. Prince appears to have made every decision that could sabotage the music and the lyrics. He has cast the film with people who don't sing very well and then staged almost every number in such a way that we can't respond to the lyrics. He often photographs the singers in those blandly uninformative close-ups that force us to consider hairlines, necklines and lip-sync techniques. Mr. Sondheim's marvelous two-and three-part songs, in which characters, often in different settings, share their sentiments, work on the stage since the characters are enclosed by the same proscenium. In the movie, which is set in elegant but realistic locations, these numbers require all sorts of busy cross-cutting that upstages the music, which becomes as effectively fragmented as the images. It is, of course, possible to hear the songs, but in this movie it seems like-work. "Send in the Clowns" will survive Miss Taylor's game way with a lyric, and so will "You Must Meet My Wife" (Miss Taylor and Mr. Cariou), but "A Little Night Music" shouldn't be a matter of survival. It should be ebullient and fun. It isn't. It often seems to be mean-tempered. There's no reason why Miss Taylor should be photographed so unflatteringly (unless she gave the orders), or that Lesley-Ann Down and Diana Rigg should appear a


Who designed the white chiffon one-shoulder gown worn by Michelle Obama at the series of 10 balls celebrating Barack Obama's inauguration?

Inaugural gown is the main attraction - CNN.com Inaugural gown is the main attraction By Sarah LeTrent, CNN Updated 11:18 PM ET, Mon January 21, 2013 Chat with us in Facebook Messenger. Find out what's happening in the world as it unfolds. Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – Michelle Obama's Jason Wu inaugural ball gown helped put both the first lady and the fashion designer on fashion "it" lists. Click through to see styles from the last 100 years of inauguration fashion. Hide Caption 1 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – Top hats and overcoats were the appropriate garb for Woodrow Wilson's chilly 1913 inauguration. Here, Wilson, left, stands with outgoing President Howard Taft. Hide Caption 2 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – President Woodrow Wilson rides by carriage with wife Edith to his second inauguration on March 5, 1917. Hide Caption 3 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – From left, President Warren Harding and his wife Florence arrive at Union Station, with Grace Coolidge and then-Vice President Calvin Coolidge for the 1921 inauguration. Hide Caption Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – Calvin Coolidge and wife Grace travel on Inauguration Day 1923. Hide Caption Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – Herbert and Lou Hoover at President Hoover's 1929 inauguration. Hide Caption 6 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Eleanor Roosevelt ride during his third presidential inauguration in 1941. Hide Caption 7 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – Bess and President Harry Truman at his inaugural reception in 1949. Hide Caption 8 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – Mamie and President-elect Dwight Eisenhower leave church on the morning of his inauguration in 1953. Hide Caption 9 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – President John F. Kennedy arrives with wife Jacqueline for an inaugural ball in 1961. Hide Caption 10 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – Lady Bird Johnson poses for a portrait before President Lyndon Johnson's inaugural ball in 1965. Hide Caption 11 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – Pat and President Richard Nixon dance during a ball commemorating his second inauguration in 1973. Hide Caption 12 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – First lady Rosalynn Carter and daughter Amy attend President Jimmy Carter's inaugural ball in 1977. Hide Caption 13 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – President Ronald Reagan poses with wife Nancy for an inaugural family photo in 1981. Hide Caption 14 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – President and Nancy Reagan at the Hollywood-star-studded gala for his second inauguration in 1985. Hide Caption 15 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – The dress Barbara Bush wore to George H.W. Bush's presidential inaugural ball in 1989 displayed in the Smithsonian Museum of American History. Hide Caption 16 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – President Bill Clinton and Hillary Clinton dance during the 1993 Arkansas Inaugural Ball. Hide Caption Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – President and Hillary Clinton attend a second term inaugural ball. Hide Caption 18 of 21 Photos: A century of inauguration fashion A century of inauguration fashion – Laura and President George W. Bush attend one of nine inaugural balls in 2001. Hide Caption 19 of


Who has won the most medals in Olympic Games since the modern Olympics began in 1896?

Ranking the 100 Greatest US Olympians in Summer Games History | Bleacher Report Ranking the 100 Greatest US Olympians in Summer Games History Use your ← → (arrow) keys to browse the slideshow Mike Hewitt/Getty Images 81 Comments It isn't brash, jingoistic or even really subjective to say that America has the greatest sporting legacy in Summer Olympic history. Since the modern Games began in 1896,  3,095 American athletes  have won medals in 35 distinct disciplines—dominating everything from BMX to jeu de paume  and earning more than twice as many medals as the next most decorated country. From that legion we've gathered the 100 very best—those choice athletes who have risen to a plane well above the high standards of Olympic champion. Enjoy the resulting pageant of sporting greatness—and of course, comment below. A Note on the Selections Stephen Chernin/Getty Images Greatness can be a slippery concept, but we want to give you an idea of the criteria we weighed in constructing this list of the 100 best U.S. summer Olympians: — Unique feats (world records, medal counts, etc.) or distinct contributions by way of innovation. — Sustained excellence over multiple Olympic cycles. — Cultural impact. What we didn't take into account: —Success outside the Olympics , in World Championships, national championships or other sports. — Singular moments of greatness, such as Kerri Strug's vault or Rulon Gardner's Greco-Roman wrestling upset. (If those moments were accompanied by great careers, then fine. But we weren't after one-hit wonders.) — Your opinion, which we hope you will add to the comments! A few notable names that finished just outside our top 100: Tony Azevedo (Water Polo) Bob Garrett (Track and Field) Rowdy Gaines (Swimming) Bud Houser (Track and Field) Kristine Lilly (Soccer) Ralph Rose (Track and Field) Mel Sheppard (Track) Martin Sheridan (Track and Field) Frank Shorter (Marathon) Olympics: 1984 Medals: 1 (gold) Beginning with early claims that an 800-meter run was hazardous to women's health, the IOC has a long history of excluding female endurance events from the Olympic program.* Officials began to change their tune over the back half of the 20th century—a slow erosion of prejudices that culminated in the addition of a women's marathon at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. In this milestone moment for women athletes and the Olympic movement, American Joan Benoit became the first female runner to win marathon gold. No American runner has won the women's Olympic marathon over the 28 years since, and only one has even medaled. *Information via The Complete Book of the Olympics. Olympics: 1968, 1972 Medals: None What Cathy Rigby's résumé lacks in Olympic medals, it more than makes up in pioneering significance. America's first female gymnastics star was the top performer on Team USA's earliest competitive squads , and her sprightly demeanor would set the mold for future media sensations like Mary Lou Retton and Dominique Moceanu. After retiring from gymnastics, Rigby would go on to a successful theater career that included multiple stints playing Peter Pan on Broadway. Olympics: 1984 Medals: 1 (silver) Standing 6'5", with hair that made her look taller still, Flo Hyman was the smiling superstar behind America's popular 1984 women's volleyball team—a group that broke ground by taking home Team USA's first women's volleyball medal. Less than two years later, Hyman would die unexpectedly from an undiagnosed case of Marfan syndrome. Olympics: 1984 Medals: 1 (gold) Twelve years after she competed as a long-distance speed skater at the 1972 Winter Olympics, Connie Carpenter-Phinney, then age 27, won the first-ever women's road race—edging fellow American Rebecca Twigg by less than a tire length. Carpenter-Phinney's son, Taylor Phinney, is now among America's best young Olympic cyclists and is slated to compete in London. Olympics: 1984, 1988, 1992 Medals: 3 (2 gold, 1 bronze) A mainstay of the most successful era in U.S. men's volleyball history, Steve Timmons had two calling cards: his potent back-line offense and his red-haired


From its discovery in 1930 until 2006, what was considered to be the Solar System's ninth planet?

Is Pluto a Planet? | The Theory of Everything Blog Is Pluto a Planet? Posted in Cosmology and Astrophysics , Planets on May 05 2011 by Brian Dainis Pluto and Charon The Facts About Pluto Pluto is the second largest known dwarf planet in the solar system followed by Eris. It is also the tenth largest body seen directly orbiting the sun. The confusion of Pluto’s classification as a planet or a dwarf planet arises from Pluto’s once held status as a planet. Pluto is now the largest member of the Kuiper belt ( Kuiper rhymes with viper) population located  beyond the planets on the edge of our solar system. Similar to many other bodies in the Kuiper belt, Pluto is made up of mostly rock and ice. Pluto is only approximately 1/5 the size of the earths moon and this causes Pluto to occasionally come closer to the sun than Neptune. The History of Pluto From its discovery in 1930 by Clyde W. Tombaugh at the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff Arizona up until 2006, Pluto was considered the solar systems ninth planet. Starting in the late 1970′s after the discovery of 2060 Chiron in the outer solar system and the knowledge of Pluto’s very low mass, Pluto’s status as a planet began to be debated among the academic community.  On August 24th, 2006, the International Astronomical Union defined the parameters of a planet and Pluto did not fit the bill. The new definition excluded Pluto and reclassified it as a dwarf planet. A number of scientists to this day will argue that Pluto should have remained within the confines of planetary classification. Pluto is no longer considered a planet In 2005, Mike Brown and his team discovered an object further out than Pluto named 2003 UB313. This planet was probably the same size or larger than Pluto. The object was later designated as Eris. Since its discovery, scientists have determined that Eris has appropriately 25% more mass than Pluto. With Eris being larger and made of the same stuff as Pluto (ice and rock), the idea of nine planets in our solar system did not sit very well with scientists. There was a vote and Pluto was out. For an object to be considered a Planet it must meet these requirements: It needs to be in orbit around the Sun – Pluto qualifies It needs to have enough gravity to pull itself into a spherical shape – Pluto qualifies It needs to have “cleared the neighborhood” of its orbit – Pluto does not qualify Clearing the neighborhood of its orbit refers to being the dominant gravitational body in their region of orbiting the sun. To do this as the object comes closer to other bodies, it will either consume them or sling them out of the way. Pluto has a very small mass many times smaller than the earth and therefore can weave in and out of fairly populated areas with minor interaction to the surrounding bodies. This is where Pluto is crossed off the list of planet-hood. Even though Pluto is no longer considered a planet, we can still appreciate it for it’s beauty and remoteness and will be a target of study for many years to come. So what do you think? Should Pluto and Eris be considered planets of our solar system? TOEBlog wants to hear YOUR ideas! Related Articles:


What name is given to a cocktail consisting mainly of vodka, Galliano, and orange juice?

10 Strange Legends About Famous Cocktails - Listverse 10 Strange Legends About Famous Cocktails Gregory Myers January 19, 2014 As soon as humans discovered leisure time, they discovered something else, namely boredom. Clearly in an effort to improve this situation, booze was invented and good times were had by all. Booze, of course, lowers inhibitions and thus usually makes people a lot more talkative and sociable. This combination has led to many fantastic tall tales about the cocktails we know and love. 10 Harvey Wallbanger The Harvey Wallbanger has an extremely funny name, and that should be a feat in its own right considering the ridiculous names given to some drinks. This cocktail is in essence a screwdriver—a combination of vodka and orange juice—with Galliano, a yellow liqueur, added to the mix. The drink was probably invented in the 50s by a world-champion mixologist by the name of Donato Antone. However, according to the legends it has a much different origin. The stories say there was a dude named Harvey who liked to surf and he would drop into the bar for a couple of quick ones after work pretty much every day. Apparently the guy liked to add Galliano to his screwdriver and would sometimes stumble around the bar smashing into things , especially the wall. The legends say that the drink thereafter became known as a Harvey Wallbanger, quite literally because of Harvey’s drunken antics. It has become associated with the summer months, presumably because of the surfing connection. 9 Bloody Mary The Bloody Mary is an extremely famous cocktail and needs little introduction. It is often the go-to hangover “cure”, and is generally consumed early in the morning for that purpose. The Bloody Mary has many variations, but they all include vodka, tomato juice, and a selection of spices for flavor. While most people attribute the creation of the drink to a restaurateur in the early 1900s, some people have come up with a much more fanciful explanation. Apparently some people attribute at least the name of the drink to Queen Mary, who was often known by her much more sanguinary nickname due to her brutal attempts to return Catholicism to England—some suggest that the tomato juice is supposed to represent blood. However, there isn’t any real evidence to support this theory. 8 Gin and Tonic Some of the stranger legends actually turn out to be completely true, and this is one of them. You see, according to the stories, British soldiers fighting in the Indies were constantly dealing with a little problem called malaria, which at the time—or any time for that matter—was not really such a little problem. The British at the time had tonic water that contained a compound called quinine, which was extremely effective at fighting malaria. The only problem was that tonic water tasted pretty much as awful as anything can, so the British soldiers mixed their gin with it to make it palatable . After the war, many British men ordered it upon returning home and a famous cocktail was born. Unfortunately, while there is still enough quinine in today’s tonic water to make it glow blue in direct sunlight, there is not enough of the compound anymore to effectively fight malaria . 7 The Manhattan The Manhattan, for those of you who aren’t familiar with it, is basically a Martini for those who really like their whiskey over vodka. A Martini usually consists of vodka or gin, vermouth, and is served with an olive. A Manhattan consists of whiskey, vermouth, bitters, and is often served with a maraschino cherry as a garnish. Long before the Second World War, Winston Churchill’s mother lived in the United States and, according to the stories, was celebrating in New York. Supposedly she had quite the sweet tooth and the drink was invented to fit her palate. While the story fits with our love of Winston Churchill and his wacky antics, it unfortunately has no basis in truth. Historical evidence points to his mother being in England at that point, actually pregnant with the future wise-cracking guy we all came to know and love. 6 Irish Coffee While much coc


Which ballet, with music by Igor Stravinsky and choreography by Vaslav Nijinsky under impresario Serge Diaghilev, caused a riot at its 1913 premire in Paris by The Ballets Russes because the music and choreography were considered barbaric and sexual?

The Rite of Spring - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Rite of Spring This article is about the Igor Stravinsky ballet. For the band, see Rites of Spring . The Rite of Spring (Le Sacre du Printemps) Choreographed by This box: view  •  talk The Rite of Spring, commonly referred to by its original French title, Le Sacre du Printemps ( Russian : Весна священная, Vesna svyashchennaya) is a ballet with music by the Russian composer Igor Stravinsky , original choreography by Vaslav Nijinsky , and original set design and costumes by archaeologist and painter Nicholas Roerich , all under impresario Serge Diaghilev . The music is widely acknowledged as one of the most influential, and most reproduced compositions in history.[ citation needed ] Its innovative complex rhythmic structures, timbres, and use of dissonance have made it a seminal 20th century composition. The scandal of a riot at its 1913 premier made it one of the most internationally well-known and controversial works in performance history. Composer and conductor Leonard Bernstein , in his Six Talks at Harvard that he called The Unanswered Question , said of one passage, "That page is sixty years old, but it's never been topped for sophisticated handling of primitive rhythms...", and of the work as a whole, "...it's also got the best dissonances anyone ever thought up, and the best asymmetries and polytonalities and polyrhythms and whatever else you care to name." [1] Contents [ edit ] Name While the Russian title literally means "Sacred Spring", the English title is based on the French title under which the work was premiered, although sacre is more precisely translated as "consecration". It has the subtitle "Pictures from Pagan Russia" (French: Tableaux de la Russie païenne). [ edit ] Composition and critical reception The idea for the ballet was originally conceived by the painter Nikolai Roerich, although Stravinsky later claimed it as his own.[ citation needed ] Roerich shared his idea with Stravinsky in 1910, which was a fantasy vision of pagan ritual (his fleeting vision of a young girl dancing herself to death). While composing The Firebird , [2] Stravinsky began forming sketches and ideas for the piece, enlisting the help of Roerich. Though he was sidetracked for a year while he worked on Petrushka (which he intended to be a light burlesque as a relief from the orchestrally-intense work already in progress), The Rite of Spring was composed between 1912 and 1913 for Serge Diaghilev 's Ballets Russes . Roerich was an integral part of the creation of the work, drawing from scenes of historical rites for inspiration; Stravinsky referred to the work-in-progress as "our child". After undergoing revisions almost up until the very day of its first performance, it was premiered on May 29 , 1913 at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris and was conducted by Pierre Monteux . Stravinsky would later write that a better translation to English would have been "The Coronation of Spring". The Ballets Russes staged the first performance. The intensely rhythmic score and primitive scenario—a setting of scenes from pagan Russia—shocked audiences more accustomed to the demure conventions of classical ballet. Vaslav Nijinsky 's choreography was a radical departure from classical ballet. Stravinsky would later write in his autobiography of the process of working with Nijinsky on the choreography, stating that "the poor boy knew nothing of music" and that Nijinsky "had been saddled with a task beyond his capacity." [3] While Stravinsky praised Nijinsky's amazing dance talent, he was frustrated working with him on choreography. This frustration was reciprocated by Nijinsky with regard to Stravinsky's patronizing attitude: "...so much time is wasted as Stravinsky thinks he is the only one who knows anything about music. In working with me he explains the value of the black notes, the white notes, of quavers and semiquavers, as though I had never studied music at all...I wish he would talk more about his music for Sacre, and not give a lecture on the beginning theory of music." [


In which country did the USA enter a war by sending military advisors in 1950, escalating their involvement until finally combat units played an active part between 1965 and 1975?

Vietnam War Timeline A Vietnam War Timeline [Note: This timeline is an abbreviated version of the more detailed timeline posted on  the Public Broadcasting System's "Vietnam Online" section of The American Experience .] 1945 Ho Chi Minh Creates Provisional Government:   Following the surrender of Japan to Allied forces, Ho Chi Minh and his People's Congress create the National Liberation Committee of Vietnam to form a provisional government. Japan transfers all power to Ho's Vietminh. Ho Declares Independence of Vietnam British Forces Land in Saigon, Return Authority to French First American Dies in Vietnam:    Lt. Col. A. Peter Dewey, head of American OSS mission, was killed by Vietminh troops while driving a jeep to the airport. Reports later indicated that his death was due to a case of mistaken identity -- he had been mistaken for a Frenchman. 1946 French and Vietminh Reach Accord:    France recognizes Vietnam as a "free state" within the French Union. French troops replace Chinese in the North. Negotiations Between French and Vietminh Breakdown Indochina War Begins:   Following months of steadily deteriorating relations, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam launches its first consorted attack against the French. 1947 Vietminh Move North of Hanoi Valluy Fails to Defeat Vietminh:    French General Etienne Valluy attempts, and fails, to wipe out the Vietminh in one stroke. 1949 Elysee Agreement Signed:      Bao Dai and President Vincent Auriol of France sign the Elysee Agreement. As part of the agreement the French pledge to assist in the building of a national anti-Communist army. 1950 Chinese, Soviets Offer Weapons to Vietminh US Pledges $15M to Aid French:    The United States sends $15 million dollars in military aid to the French for the war in Indochina. Included in the aid package is a military mission and military advisors. 1953 France Grants Laos Full Independence Vietminh Forces Push into Laos 1954 Battle of Dienbienphu Begins:    A force of 40,000 heavily armed Vietminh lay seige to the French garrison at Dienbienphu. Using Chinese artillery to shell the airstrip, the Vietminh make it impossible for French supplies to arrive by air. It soon becomes clear that the French have met their match. Eisenhower Cites "Domino Theory" Regarding Southeast Asia:   Responding to the defeat of the French by the Vietminh at Dienbienphu, President Eisenhower outlines the Domino Theory: "You have a row of dominoes set up. You knock over the first one, and what will happen to the last one is the certainty that it will go over very quickly." French Defeated at Dien Bien Phu Geneva Convention Begins:     Delegates from nine nations convene in Geneva to start negotiations that will lead to the end of hostilities in Indochina. The idea of partitioning Vietnam is first explored at this forum. Geneva Convention Agreements Announced:     Vietminh General Ta Quang Buu and French General Henri Delteil sign the Agreement on the Cessation of Hostilities in Vietnam. As part of the agreement, a provisional demarcation line is drawn at the 17th parallel which will divide Vietnam until nationwide elections are held in 1956. The United States does not accept the agreement, neither does the government of Bao Dai. 1955 Diem Rejects Conditions of Geneva Accords, Refuses to Participate in Nationwide Elections China and Soviet Union Pledge Additional Financial Support to Hanoi Diem Urged to Negotiate with North:     Britain, France, and United States covertly urge Diem to respect Geneva accords and conduct discussions with the North. Diem Becomes President of Republic of Vietnam:    Diem defeats Bao Dai in rigged election and proclaims himself President of Republic of Vietnam. 1956 French Leave Vietnam US Training South Vietnamese:     The US Military Assistance Advisor Group (MAAG) assumes responsibility, from French, for training South Vietnamese forces. 1957 Communist Insurgency into South Vietnam:    Communist insurgent activity in South Vietnam begins. Guerrillas assassinate more than 400 South Vietnamese officials. Thirty-seven armed companie


Which Italian island in the Mediterranean is to the south of Corsica?

Corsica – France Travel Guide Corsica Where is Corsica? Corsica is an island in the northern Mediterranean Sea. It’s a volcanic island, actually, with 600 miles of coastline, 302,000 residents and an astonishingly diverse landscape. It’s been a French region (or technically a collectivité territoriale) pretty much ever since they bought it off Italy in the 1700s. It actually lies off the coast of the Italian region of Liguria , due south of Genova. Although Corsica has struggles for independence since its founding, both countries have strong ties to the island; Italian was the official language until the late 1800s. This history should be noted when trying out your French (or even Italian) language skills in Corsica. They’ve developed a language of their own that sounds like a bit of both and neither of them at the same time; it’s closer to the native Sicilian and Sardinian dialects than anything else. However, you can always muddle through with basic tourist French, slow English and a wining smile. What Are The Major Cities in Corsica? Corsica is divided into two départments, Haute-Corse and Corse du Sud (Upper Corsica and South Corsica respectively). Bastia and Corte are located in Haute-Corse; Ajaccio and Sartene are in Corse du Sud. How Do I Get to Corsica? From Southern France Ferry service leaves from Marseille, Toulon and Nice. Nice is closest and therefore takes the least amount of time; Marseille, being the second-largest city in France and the largest port, has a bunch as well; Toulon is a popular stop on Mediterranean cruises, so they’ve got some too. You’ll arrive in Bastia, Calvi or Ajaccio; check the schedule to make sure you’re going to the right place on the island. From Paris The main airports are in Bastia, Calvi, Ajaccio and Figari, which is in the south. If you’re flying from overseas and Corsica is your final destination, Air France will put you on a connecting flight to any of those cities. Low-cost airline easyJet leaves from Charles de Gaulle to both Bastia and Ajaccio; Ryanair doesn’t operate in Corsica. DOWNLOAD OUR TRAVEL GUIDES   From Italy Ferries leave from Genova and Livorno and arrive at Bastia. (Genova might have seasonal ferries to Calvi as well; check.) Further south, Civitavecchia (near Rome) has ferries going to southern Corsican towns Porto Vecchio and Bonifaccio (the southernmost tip of Corsica). From Sardinia The ferry running between Santa Teresa Gallura (Sardinia) and Bonifacio is practically a shuttle service, they’re so close. Check flights to Ajaccio (AJA), Bastia (BIA), Calvi (CLY) and Figari (FSC) with this quick search tool: How Do You Get Around Corsica? If you’re planning on staying in Ajaccio, Bastia or Calvi (or a combination of the three), then you won’t need a car – the cities are good for walking, and transportation between them is frequent and reliable. The most popular way to get around Haute-Corse, especially from a sightseeing standpoint, is the Trinicellu (“Little Train”) that runs between the major cities. It costs just a couple of euros and it worth every centime. In fact, I’d ride the train for no reason at all, just to check out the unbelievable scenery. The bus system operates throughout the island, although you have to be aware that the routes and the schedules cater to locals. It’s best to ask the tourist office how to get from one place to another. But if you want to explore the inner island or go to more remote areas, then a car would be best. You can rent a car in France (mainland France, that is) and bring it with you on the ferry, or rent one in a major city on the island itself. Note, though, that places are reserved first for residents and then those with a seasonal pass, so you’ll need to check ahead of time and make sure your reservation is made for your car as well; you can’t just show up and expect to drive right onto the boat. Where Should I Stay in Corsica? There are plenty of hotels, vacation rentals and other kinds of lodging all over the island. Check out what’s available with these quick search tools. Ajaccio Sartene What’s There to Do in