In November 1986, who won their first world boxing title by defeating Trevor Berbick in Las Vegas?

Articles about Trevor Berbick - tribunedigital-sunsentinel Mickey Mas September 7, 1994 You sit on a dirty Miami curb beside Mickey Rourke and search his handsome face for the man he is made out to be. You prefer the uneasy company of scoundrels to the predictable politically correct. Still, there are parts of him you cannot embrace. You know, for example, that on Thursday, the same day he is to box in Davie, lawyers will represent him in New York on a charge that he beat his former wife, Carrie Otis. You know he had some success with movies, starred in 91/2 Weeks, The Pope of Greenwich Village, Diner, Barfly, etc. Yet he has lately been estranged from Hollywood. Advertisement Heavyweight Resident Gets Miramar Honors By David Wallace, Staff Writer, April 13, 1986 One of the city`s most powerful citizens was given a key to the city at Monday`s City Commission meeting. Trevor Berbick doesn`t need political clout or tons of money to be a heavyweight. He`s got the muscle to get his point across the first time. Berbick, who lives in Country Club Ranches, is the new World Boxing Council heavyweight champion. He won the title Saturday after defeating Pinklon Thomas in Las Vegas. The WBC crown is the latest in a long list of heavyweight titles Berbick has won. He is the United States Boxing Association champion and has also held Canadian, British Commonwealth and Continental America`s heavyweight titles during his pro boxing career. NEWS Berbick Gets 30 Months Staff reports, July 23, 1992 Former boxer Trevor Berbick on Wednesday was sentenced to spend 30 months in prison and pay a $95,000 fine after pleading guilty to mortgage fraud and violating his parole. Broward Circuit Judge Mark Speiser gave the former heavyweight champ the prison term for the probation violation. Berbick will serve it concurrently with the four-year term he is already serving on a Miami rape charge. For the mortgage fraud, Berbick agreed to pay the fine and extend his probation by six years after his release on the rape and other charges. NEWS Judge Ordered Off Case Racial Bias Alleged During Divorce Trial By LARRY KELLER, Staff Writer, March 16, 1991 An appeals court has removed Broward Circuit Judge James M. Reasbeck from the divorce case of former heavyweight boxing champion Trevor Berbick after Berbick`s wife complained that the judge made racially biased remarks. The Berbicks are black; Reasbeck is white. The 4th District Court of Appeal concluded on Wednesday that Nadine Berbick`s "allegations are sufficient to support her motion for disqualification." "I don`t have anything to say," Reasbeck said of the ruling. Nadine Berbick filed for divorce from her husband on Oct. 1. She complained that at a November hearing in Reasbeck`s chambers, Reasbeck commented that if she and her husband didn`t reconcile, she would be "back in the ghetto like the rest of them." NEWS Ex-boxing Champ Gets 4-year Term Berbick Sentenced In Rape Of Baby Sitter By LUISA YANEZ, Miami Bureau, May 16, 1992 MIAMI -- Former heavyweight boxing champ Trevor Berbick was hit on Friday with a four-year prison sentence for raping his children`s baby sitter. Berbick, 39, is the second heavyweight fighter this year to be convicted of rape and sentenced to prison. Mike Tyson, who took the heavyweight title from Berbick in 1986, was convicted of rape in March and sentenced to six years in prison. Dade County Circuit Judge Thomas Wilson had postponed the sentencing twice before because of Berbick`s courtroom outbursts. SPORTS Ex-champ Berbick Arrested Boxer Charged With Raping Baby Sitter By TREVOR JENSEN, Staff Writer, June 19, 1991 Former heavyweight boxing champion Trevor Berbick was arrested at his Miramar home Tuesday on charges that he raped his children`s baby sitter. Miami police obtained a warrant for Berbick`s arrest after DNA tests of blood, saliva and semen tended to indicate that Berbick had had sex with the babysitter. On Oct. 30, Berbick came to her Bayshore Drive home in Miami to pay her for baby-sitting, police said. The alleged assault took place in the 26-y


Who was elected leader of the British Social Democratic Party in July 1982?

No Headline - NYTimes.com No Headline By R.W. APPLE Jr., Special to the New York Times Published: July 3, 1982 LONDON, July 2— Roy Jenkins, the 61-year-old former President of the Common Market, was elected today as the first leader of Britain's new Social Democratic Party. In a mail ballot of 65,000 Social Democrats, three-quarters of whom cast votes, Mr. Jenkins defeated Dr. David Owen, his only rival, by a narrower margin than expected - 26,256 to 20,864. Dr. Owen's vigorous performance as the party spokesman during the Falkland crisis apparently won him the backing of many previously undecided members. With Mr. Jenkins as leader, the new party is expected to move rapidly toward a closer alliance with the Liberal Party, whose leader, David Steel, has said he would be willing to serve under Mr. Jenkins if the alliance won the next general election and Mr. Jenkins became Prime Minister. Mr. Steel, who is 44, and Dr. Owen, who turned 44 today, are seen as eventual rivals, and an Owen victory could have created friction. Mr. Jenkins's triumph also apparently presages a relatively moderate course for the Social Democrats. Although he left the Labor Party because he thought its policies too extreme on such issues as disarmament and European unity, Dr. Owen still considers himself a radical and sought to cast the new party in a radical image. Falkland War Hurt Party The Falkland crisis brought to an end a string of by-election victories for the new party, which was started 18 months ago after a meeting at Dr. Owen's riverside house in the run-down Limehouse section of London's East End. The founding members - known as the Gang of Four - were Mr. Jenkins, Dr. Owen, Shirley Williams and William Rodgers, all former Labor Cabinet ministers. Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's successful prosecution of the war won her new popularity, and the flood of war news denied the Social Democrats the publicity that any new party needs. In quick succession, the party fared badly in local elections and in parliamentary by-elections in the London suburbs and in a Scottish constituency. Meanwhile, Mr. Jenkins, who won a key by-election in the Hillhead section of Glasgow this year, disappeared from public view, while Dr. Owen, in speeches in the House of Commons and in almost nightly television appearances, won widespread public acclaim. His experience as Foreign Secretary enabled him to project an image of calm competence. Because Dr. Owen hoped to take votes from the Labor Party, and because Mr. Jenkins appeals principally to members of Mrs. Thatcher's Conservative Party, Labor leaders welcomed Dr. Owen's defeat. A poll published Sunday by The Observer reflected Dr. Owen's heightened visibility, indicating that 47 percent of the electorate preferred Dr. Owen as against 29 percent who backed Mr. Jenkins. But that sentiment was not reflected among Social Democratic voters. Campaign Was Low-Key During the relatively low-key campaign, Dr. Owen accused Mr. Jenkins of resorting to ''the old politics'' by urging the early choice of an alliance leader. In turn, Mr. Jenkins said that Dr. Owen was risking the entire future of the middle-of-the-road coalition. Mrs. Williams supported Dr. Owen, and Mr. Rodgers backed Mr. Jenkins. It remains to be seen how well the rivals can work together in the future, although both promised before the campaign not to indulge in recriminations. They have widely differing personalities - Dr. Owen aggressive and hard-hitting, Mr. Jenkins diffident and avuncular - as well as differing philosophies of politics and party. Mr. Steel moved immediately to calm troubled waters. He said in a statement released shortly after the vote was announced at a crowded news conference this evening: ''I send my warmest congratulations to Roy Jenkins and I look forward to an early meeting with him. David Owen polled extremely well and, especially in these last weeks, he has shown how crucial he will be to any alliance government.'' Mr. Jenkins, whose father was also a Member of Parliament, has been a staunch supporter of the Common Market


On 1st March 1981, which Provisional Irish Republican Army member began a hunger strike for political status in Long Kesh prison, resulting in his death on May 5th?

Republican Hunger Strike 1981 | Belfast Child Republican Hunger Strike 1981 Sunday 1 March 1981 1981 Hunger Strike Began Bobby Sands, then leader of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) in the Maze Prison, refused food and so began a new hungry strike . The choice of the start date was significant because it marked the fifth anniversary of the ending of special category status (1 March 1976). ————————— Bobby Sands and the 1981 Hunger Strike Documentary ————————— The main aim of the new strike was to achieve the reintroduction of political status for Republican prisoners. Edward Daly, then Catholic Bishop of Derry, criticised the decision to begin another hunger strike. Brendan McFarlane     Sands was to lead the hunger strike but it was decided that Brendan McFarlane would take over Sands’ role as leader of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) in the Maze Prison. It later became clear that the IRA leadership outside the prison was not in favour of a new hunger strike following the outcome of the 1980 strike. The main impetus came from the prisoners themselves. The strike was to last until 3 October 1981 and was to see 10 Republican prisoners starve themselves to death in support of their protest. The strike led to a heightening of political tensions in the region. It was also to pave the way for the emergence of Sinn Féin (SF) as a major political force in Northern Ireland. ————————————————————– Margaret Thatcher’s letters to families of hunger strikers released Margaret Thatcher, later Baroness Thatcher, was implacably opposed to the hunger strikers — Secret Government documents also reveal Thatcher’s fears after 1984 Brighton bombing Margaret Thatcher privately expressed regret over the 1981 Irish hunger strike, newly released letters to the families of prisoners show. In the notes the prime minister said she cared “deeply” about those affected by the protest. But she turned down a request for a meeting from two mothers, stating: “I really do not see how such a meeting could help”. The letters are contained within files released today by the National Archives in Kew, south-west London. The files also reveal Thatcher’s fear that she would be targeted again by the IRA after narrowly avoiding assassination in the Brighton bombing of October 12, 1984, and how the attack nearly derailed secret Northern Ireland peace negotiations.   Mrs Thatcher and her cabinet were staying at the Grand Hotel in the city for the Conservative Party conference when they were targeted. The long-delay time bomb, which had been planted four weeks earlier, killed five and injured 31. Afterwards, in a handwritten note to Charles Powell, one of her closest advisors, Mrs Thatcher said: “The bomb has slowed things down and may in the end kill any new initiative because I suspect it will be the first in a series”. Four months earlier, Mrs Thatcher had sought Cabinet approval for a series of secret liaisons with the Republic of Ireland. The negotiations helped lay the ground for the subsequent 1985 Anglo-Irish Agreement but the documents show Mrs Thatcher was reluctant to allow them to continue after the bomb, commenting that she was “very pessimistic” about their outcome in November 1984. She added Britain must avoid the impression of “being bombed into making concession to the Republic”. On the hunger strikes, the files show that Mrs Thatcher urged the sister of one of the prisoners to convince her brother his protest was pointless. Outwardly, Mrs Thatcher was typically unyielding during the crisis, stating there would be no concessions or reform of the prison system until the hunger strike had ended. But in the letter to Sharon McCloskey, Mrs Thatcher said: “I want you to know that despite what is said and written by some people about my attitude to the hunger strike, I very much regret that young men have been prepared to throw away their lives for an objective which – as I have said on many occasions – no responsible Government anywhere could grant, since it could only aid and abet those who advocate and use violence to political ends.” She added: “I can


Which British comedian suffered a heart attack on live television, and soon after died, in April 1984?

Died Onstage : snopes.com Died Onstage Died Onstage A quick romp through a list of various deaths that took place either onstage or in front of the cameras. Claim:   Several actors have kicked the bucket in front of an audience. Status:   True. Long part of the canon of contemporary lore is the tale of an unfortunate actor who expires on stage, his adoring audience unaware of his sudden deceasement because they think his collapse part of the show — while they clap and cheer at the brilliance of his death scene performance, unknown to them he is gasping his last. What follows is a quick romp through a growing list of those who died in the blaze of the footlights or on camera, or who were rumored to have met the Grim Reaper while treading the boards. At least one thespian death actually does match the legend (see if you can find it). Sports figures are not included in this compilation, even though a great many of them have expired while doing their thing as the public watched. Moliere (died 21 February 1673) This French playwright and actor-manager collapsed during the fourth performance of his newly penned Le Malade Imaginaire (The Hypochondriac). Overwhelmed by a coughing fit, he was carried to his home in the Rue de Richelieu, Paris, where he died. Felix Mottl (died 2 July 1911) This Austrian conductor died in Munich at the age of 55 while conducting Act II of Wagner's Tristan and Isolde. Alexander Woolcott (died 23 January 1943) During a radio show (a round table discussion with four others on Hitlerism), Woolcott suffered a heart attack at 7:15 p.m. and died in hospital four hours later. Hundreds of people tuned into the show were unaware anything was amiss. Indeed, listeners reported that the writer, known for his incisive and sometimes stinging comments, seemed to have taken less than his usual part in the broadcast. Johnny Ace (died 25 December 1954) Rhythm and blues recording star Johnny Ace died during a show he was giving in Houston, but did so offstage. During a five minute break, the singer was amusing himself with a game of Russian Roulette (one bullet in the chamber). He lost. Tyrone Power (died 15 November 1958) Tyrone Power suffered a heart attack during the filming of a fencing scene in Solomon and Sheba in Madrid, Spain. He died only minutes after being loaded into an ambulance. Harry Einstein (died 24 November 1958) As famed comedian Parkyakarkus, Harry Einstein expired while performing at a Friars Club roast for Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz. He collapsed onto Milton Berle's shoulder. Eduard van Beinum (died 13 April 1959) Chief conductor at the Royal Concertgebouw in Amsterdam, van Beinum was taken ill after rehearsing the first two movements of a Brahms symphony, and died immediately after stepping off the podium aged 58. Leonard Warren (died 4 March 1960) Just after he completed his second-act aria in Verdi's La Forza del Destino (The Force of Destiny) at the New York's Metropolitan Opera, Warren plunged face-forward onto the stage. The curtain was rung down, and it was announced a half hour later the singer had died of a massive stroke. Paul Mantz (died 8 July 1965) This aviation pioneer and legendary movie stunt pilot died in Yuma, Arizona, during the filming of The Flight Of The Phoenix. As three motion picture cameras ground away, his plane hit a small sand dune, overturned and disintegrated. Though semi-retired from stunt work, Mantz was covering for his partner, Frank Tallman, who'd six weeks earlier broken his leg pushing his son's go-cart. Nelson Eddy (died 6 March 1967) This famous actor and singer suffered a fatal stroke while performing onstage at the Doral Country Club in Miami at age 65. He died in hospital the next day. Joseph Keilberth (died 20 July 1968) This 60-year-old conductor died at the National Theatre in Munich while leading Tristan and Isolde. George Ostroska (died January 1970) While playing the lead in Macbeth at the Crawford Livingston Theatre in St. Paul, Minnesota, Ostroska dropped dead of a heart attack at the beginning of the second act. He was 32. David Burns (died Mar


Which British pop group won the 1981 Eurovision Song Contest?

Eurovision Song Contest 1981 | Eurovision Song Contest Show more Eurovision Song Contest 1981 Ireland's capital Dublin hosted the 1981 Eurovision Song Contest after Johnny Logan won the contest in the preceding year with What's Another Year. Bucks Fizz won the 1981 contest for the United Kingdom with the song Making Your Mind Up. For the second time, the Eurovision champion winner, Ireland, was the host for the event which took place in Dublin. In 1981, the total amount of participating countries was 20 once again equalling the record set three years earlier in Paris. Morocco withdrew after their first participation, and Italy decided to stay at home as well because the interest in the country had diminished. Yugoslavia returned to the contest after five years of absence, so did Israel after the county had missed out on one contest. Finally, Cyprus made its Eurovision debut. It was also the first year Egypt's television viewers could follow the contest live on television. The opening sequence of the 1981 Eurovision Song Contest showed 'old Ireland' blending into 'modern Ireland'. The sequence ended with a map of Europe on a globe which span round to reveal the Eurovision logo. About the winner The United Kingdom's entry, Making Your Mind Up, by the group Bucks Fizz won the 1981 contest after a close race with Germany's entry, Johnny Blue, performed by Lena Valaitis. Bucks Fizz was formed especially for the Eurovision Song Contest and created one of the most memorable moments in Eurovision history when the two guys in the group ripped off the skirts of the two girls, revealing a shorter skirt underneath. Bucks Fizz continued their career all over Europe with many hit songs during the 1980s, like The Land Of Make Believe and My Camera Never Lies. Facts & Figures


Which former Gestapo boss was sentenced to life imprisonment in July 1987 for crimes against humanity during World War II

BBC ON THIS DAY | 3 | 1987: Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie gets life About This Site | Text Only 1987: Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie gets life The former Gestapo chief in Lyon, Klaus Barbie, has been sentenced to life imprisonment for crimes against humanity. Nine jurors and three judges found Barbie - also known as the Butcher of Lyon - guilty of the 341 separate charges that were brought against him at the court in Lyon. The 73-year-old was accused of deporting 842 people - mainly Jews - to concentration camps in Germany during the Second World War. In one incident 44 children were rounded up from a farmhouse east of Lyon, at Izieu, and sent to their deaths. A total of 373 of the people transported under Barbie's command died. Surviving relatives of the victims filled the courtroom and heard Barbie's last-minute plea of innocence. France can try and shed its own responsibility Defence lawyer, Jacques Verges "Barbie has been promoted to the rank of an expiatory victim, a scapegoat so that France can try and shed its own responsibility", argued defence lawyer, Jacques Verges. Coverage of the trial in France has been exhaustive and crowds of people waited outside the court to hear the judgement. The editor of Le Monde newspaper, Andre Fontaine, said: "It's a time in France where people are more and more conscious of the necessity of knowing something about history and especially about recent history." The man they call the Butcher of Lyon has already been condemned to death twice for his war crimes. Both of these sentences lapsed as Barbie was living under an assumed name in Bolivia. He was found by barrister Serge Klarsfeld in 1972, but it was not until over 10 years later, in 1983, that the Bolivian government agreed to extradite him. Barbie's trial began on 11 May this year with Mr Klarsfeld as chief prosecutor. It took the judges and jury six-and-a-half hours to reach their final verdict after they retired at 0530 BST (0430 GMT) today. France gripped by the trial of the Nazi, Klaus Barbie In Context Born on 25 October 1913 in Germany, Barbie was a member of the Hitler Youth. In 1935 he joined a special branch of the SS. After serving with the German army in the Netherlands he was made chief of Gestapo Department IV in Lyon from 1942 to 1944. There is evidence that he personally tortured prisoners whom he interrogated and he is blamed for 4000 deaths and a further 7,500 deportations during the war. After the war the USA used him for counter-intelligence work (1947-51), for which they later apologised. He died in prison in Lyon on 25 September 1991. Stories From 3 Jul


Which London-based independent airline went bankrupt in February 1982, leaving 6,000 stranded passengers?

Airplane Disasters, Aviation Disasters: Fear of Flying Site Fear of Flying Site Contact Us Do Not Enter If You Are About to Fly The following page is the complete listing from Airplane Disasters, by John Kremer. This file features more than two thousand airplane crashes, near misses, and related accidents organized by date. [Don't read this if you are about to fly! I guarantee that no matter how much you have flown in the past, when you read the entire Airplane Disasters listing, you will think twice before flying again.] For those of you who would rather read about the positive side of air travel, check out the Fun of Flying Site , which features hundreds of historic airplane anniversaries, heroics, and so on. Note: According to the Federal Aviation Administration, during the past decade there have been three times that a year went by without a fatality on a commercial plane. More than 90% of airplane crashes have survivors. More people are killed every year by donkeys than by airplane crashes. Celebrity Air Deaths: http://www.hottimescoolplaces.com/airceleb.htm After World War I, more than 75 percent of U.S. Air Mail pilots died in crashes on the job. The mortality rate was eased only when the Postal Service required the managers who ordered pilots out in bad weather to go along for the ride. � Paul B. Carroll and Chunka Mui, authors, Billion Dollar Lessons January 1 1978: 213 people died when an Air India Boeing 747 crashed and exploded into the sea near Bombay India. The crash was caused by instrument failure. 1991: 34 people were killed when a USAir Boeing 737 crashed on the runway of the Los Angeles, California airport. 1997: A Piper Cherokee clipped a tree and flipped over into a house while trying to land at the Florence, South Carolina airport. Two people on board were able to climb out with few injuries; the other two were seriously injured and hospitalized in critical condition. 1999: In 1998, no passenger died in an accident involving a scheduled U.S. commercial airplane anywhere in the world. The 1998 numbers do not include the September 2nd crash of Swissair Flight 111 off Nova Scotia, which killed 229. While that flight departed from New York bound for Geneva, it did not involve a U.S. carrier. 598 people were killed in general aviation accidents in 1998, including crashes of private and corporate planes. 17 people were also killed in crashes of air taxis. 2007: 12 people out of 102 passengers and crew survived the crash of an Adams Air Boeing 737-400 in the mountains of Sulawesi Island in Indonesia. The plane went down in heavy rain on a flight from Surabya to Manado. January 2 1920: Science fiction writer Isaac Asimov was born on this date. Although he wrote about flying in space and other technological marvels, Asimov himself refused to travel by airplane. Did he know something we don't? 1997: Reno, Nevada, experienced its worst flooding in 40 years, forcing the closing of its casinos, wedding chapels, government offices, the Mustang brothel, and the Reno-Tahoe International Airport. 1997: The pilot and four passengers of a Cessna 210 died when their plane got caught in a snowstorm and crashed into Cuddy Mountain near Council, Idaho. The four passengers were vacationers who had been stranded in McCall, Idaho, because of flooding. 1997: A twin-engine Piper Aerostar crashed into the Great Dismal Swamp shortly after taking off from the Chesapeake, Virginia airport. All four people aboard the plane were killed. 1999: A single-engine Beechcraft Sierra propeller plane crash landed in a cemetery near Republic Airport outside of East Farmingdale, New York. The pilot and passenger were unhurt but a few gravestones were knocked over. January 3 1994: When its engine caught fire, a Baikal Air Tupolev-154 plane crashed near Mamony, Siberia. All 124 people aboard were killed. In addition, a farmer on the ground was killed. 1996: A USAir jet bound for Greensboro, North Carolina, had to make an unscheduled landing in Imperial, Pennsylvania, after the pilot noticed that one of the landing wheels was missing. No on


Which former US pop singer was elected Mayor of Palm Springs, California, in April 1988?

What Happened in 1988? - Like Totally 80s What Happened in 1988? Posted By Pia Sooney on Aug 18, 2007 | 0 comments 1988 was a politically active year with indictments handed down in the Iran-Contra affair, a presidential election in which George HW Bush beats out Michael Dukakis, and the election of Sonny Bono as the new mayor of Palm Springs. To escape the politics and the natural and manmade disasters, people flocked to the movies to see some great cinema. This was the year of Rainman, Coming to America, Die Hard, Beetlejuice, and A Fish Called Wanda. At the Oscars that year, The Last Emperor won an astounding 9 Academy Awards (what!?!). On the music scene, Rick Astley released “Never Gonna Give Up” allowing future generations to Rick Roll (not sure if that goes in the good or bad category), and George Michael convinced us that we had to have “Faith.” We all wished Michael Hutchence was talking to us personally when he sang “Need You Tonight” and Guns N Roses hit it huge with “Sweet Child O’ Mine.” Both Roseanne and The Wonder Years hit the small screen. The Winter Olympics were in Calgary, and the Redskins won Super Bowl XXII. Whatever 1988 brought us both good and bad, we heeded the advice of Bobby McFerrin – Don’t Worry, Be Happy. Jump directly to your area of interest using these links:   History & Politics U.S. Vice President George H.W. Bush and CBS News anchor Dan Rather clash over Bush’s role in the Iran-Contra scandal, during a contentious television interview. Anthony M. Kennedy is appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States. Hustler Magazine v. Falwell: The Supreme Court of the United States sides with Hustler magazine by overturning a lower court decision to award Jerry Falwell $200,000 for defamation. Students at Gallaudet University (school for the advanced education of the deaf and hard-of-hearing) go on strike for the selection of a non deaf university president. Two U.S. Army helicopters collide in Fort Campbell, Kentucky, killing 17 servicemen. Iran-Contra Affair: Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North and Vice Admiral John Poindexter are indicted on charges of conspiracy to defraud the United States. The Last Emperor (directed by Bernardo Bertolucci) wins 9 Oscars. Former pop singer Sonny Bono is elected mayor of Palm Springs, California. The USS Samuel B. Roberts (FFG-58) strikes a naval mine in the Persian Gulf, while deployed on Operation Earnest Will during the Tanker War phase of the Iran-Iraq War. United States Navy forces retaliate for the Roberts mining with Operation Praying Mantis, in a day of strikes against Iranian oil platforms and naval vessels. PEPCON disaster in Henderson, Nevada: A major explosion at an industrial solid-fuel rocket plant causes damage extending up to 10 miles away, including Las Vegas’s McCarran International Airport. Bus disaster near Carrollton, Kentucky: A drunk driver going the wrong way on Interstate 71, hits a converted school bus carrying a church youth group from Radcliff, Kentucky. The resulting fire kills 27, making it tied for 1st in the U.S. for most fatalities involving 2 vehicles to the present day. Ironically, the other 2-vehicle accident involving a bus that also killed 27 occurred in Prestonsburg, KY 30 years prior. A report by U.S. Surgeon General C. Everett Koop states that the addictive properties of nicotine are similar to those of heroin and cocaine. Four workers are asphyxiated at a metal-plating plant in Auburn, Indiana, in the worst confined-space industrial accident in U.S. history (a fifth victim dies 2 days later). The Piper Alpha drilling platform in the North Sea is destroyed by explosions and fires, killing 165 oil workers and 2 rescue mariners. The first reported medical waste on beaches in the Greater New York area (including hypodermic needles and syringes possibly infected with the AIDS virus) washes ashore on Long Island. Subsequent medical waste discoveries on beaches in Coney Island and in Monmouth County, New Jersey force the closure of numerous New York-area beaches in the middle of one of the hottest summers in the American N


Curling For Dummies Cheat Sheet - dummies Curling For Dummies Cheat Sheet Curling For Dummies Cheat Sheet Cheat Sheet By Bob Weeks Curling has a rich history with many traditions that continue to this day. Though the origins of curling are unclear, most people regard Scotland as curling’s birthplace. Today, curling is played around the world, largely thanks to its introduction into the Olympics in 1988. Because curling can seem complicated if you don’t know a lot about it, these articles help to explain the basics, from curling terminology and the roles of each position on a team, to how scoring and other elements of the game work, and why curling is such a great sport to play. Curling Match Terminology Curling, probably more than any other sport, has its own unique terminology (like hurry hard and burning a rock, among others). Here are the key curling words and phrases you need to know to blend in at your next bonspiel: Blank end: An end where no points are scored. Bonspiel: A tournament in which curlers compete. Burning a rock: A rules infraction that happens when a player touches a stone as it’s traveling down the sheet. Button: The very center of the target rings or house. Cashspiel: A tournament in which curlers compete for money. Delivery: The action of throwing a stone to the other end of the playing surface. Eight-ender: A perfect end where every one of the team’s stones scores a point. End: The way a curling game is divided. An end is like an inning in a baseball game. A curling game has either eight or ten ends. Gripper: The sole of one of your curling shoes. It helps you keep your footing on the ice. See slider. Hammer: The last rock of the end. Hack: The foothold in the ice you use to push off from when you deliver the stone. House: Also known as the rings, this is the name of the giant bull’s eye at either end of the sheet of ice. It consists of a set of concentric circles, called the 12-foot, 8-foot, 4-foot, and the Button. Hurry hard: A directive given to sweepers by the skip or third, to begin sweeping. Rink: A curling team; also the name of a curling facility Rock: Also known as a stone, the granite playing utensil that a curler delivers. Regular-sized rocks weigh approximately 44 pounds. Sheet: The frozen playing surface on which the game is played. Slider: The sole of one of your curling shoes. It helps you move or slide along the ice. Tee line: The line on the playing surface that runs through the middle of the house. Weight: The amount of force used to deliver a stone. The Members of a Curling Team In curling, the team you play on is called a rink. The rink is made up of four players: the lead, the second, the third (also called the vice, vice-skip, or mate), and the skip. Each player has specific duties: Lead: The lead throws the first two rocks of the end and then sweeps the next six. The lead must be very good at throwing guards and a strong sweeper. Second: The second throws the third and fourth stones of the end and should be strong at playing takeouts. The second sweeps the first two stones and then the final four of the end. The second and the lead need to be in sync when sweeping together. Third: The third (or mate or vice), who throws the fifth and sixth rocks of the end, must be good at all shots, but especially draws. It is the third’s job to set up the shots that will be thrown by the skip, and to help the skip discuss the strategy of the final two stones of the end. The third also posts the score at the conclusion of the end. Skip: The skip is the captain of the team and decides the strategy. It’s the skip’s job to tell the other players where to throw their shots and when to sweep. The skip also delivers the last two shots of the end. The skip must be good at all types of shots. Curling Game Basics What is this game of rocks and brooms all about? Curling is a sport in which two teams of four players each slide 40-pound granite rocks (also called stones) down a sheet of ice toward a target at the other end. Each team tries to get more of its stones closer to the center of the target tha


Sea Nettle Jellyfish | Octonauts Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Friend None The sea nettles are a dangerous type of jellyfish that group up in a bloom, they can sting with their tentacles, and are poisonous enough for a human to possibly be severely injured. During the bloom in Octonauts and the Jellyfish Bloom, these creatures caused the bloom, clocking off Shellington's route to the Octopod .


Which country hosted the 1988 Winter Olympics?

Calgary 1988 Winter Olympics - results & video highlights Official Reports arrow Debuts and firsts For the first time, the Winter Games extended to 16 days, including three weekends. The Alpine events were expanded from three to five with the inclusion of the super giant slalom and the Alpine combined. Team events were added in Nordic combined and ski jumping. Winter and Summer champion East Germany’s Christa Rothenburger won the 1000m speed skating title. Seven months later she earned a silver medal in cycling to become the only athlete ever to win medals in the Winter and Summer Olympic Games in the same year. Memorable champions East German figure skater Katarina Witt defended her Olympic title, while American Brian Boitano edged out Canada’s Brian Orser in an extremely close decision in the men’s competition. Charismatic Italian skier Alberto Tomba made the most of his Olympic debut, winning both the giant slalom and the slalom. Flying Finn Finnish ski jumper Mat Nykänen dominated both individual events, winning both by huge margins. This made him the first ski jumper to win two gold medals at the same Games. He then led the Finnish team to victory in the large hill team event and brought his career total to four gold medals and one silver medal. NOCs: 57 Athletes: 1,423 (301 women, 1,122 men) Events: 46 Media: 6,838 (2,477 written press, 4,361 broadcasters) For the first time in Canada Canada hosted the Olympic Winter Games for the first time. More Events The number of events increased from 39 in Sarajevo to 46 in Calgary - notably in Alpine skiing, where the super giant slalom was on the programme for the first time and the Nordic combined returned to the programme (absent since 1948). The Artificial Snow The Alpine events took place on artificial snow. Demonstration Sport Curling appeared on the programme as a demonstration sport. Demonstration Disciplines Short-track speed skating and freestyle skiing were two demonstration disciplines. Speed skating moves indoors The speed skating events were held on a covered rink for the first time. The Athletes and the Spectators side-by-side The athletes, the real heroes of the Games, could sit in the stands next to the spectators. No smoking The first Smoke-Free Games were held. Ceremonies Calgary, 13 February 1988. Opening Ceremony at the MacMahon Stadium. The Olympic Flag. Official opening of the Games by: Her Excellency, the Right Honourable Jeanne Sauvé, Governor General of Canada, declared the XV Olympic Winter Games open. Lighting of the Olympic Flame by: Robyn Perry, a schoolgirl Pierre Harvey (cross country skiing) Officials' Oath by: Suzanna Morrow -Francis (figure skating) As a reference to the Winter Games, it consists of a stylized snowflake above the Olympic rings. It can also be seen as a stylized maple leaf, the national emblem of Canada. Composed of different letters “C”, for Canada and Calgary, the emblem is rich in symbolism. On the obverse, the official emblem and the words “XVes Jeux Olympiques d’hiver, XV Olympic Winter Games, Calgary 1988”. On the reverse, the profile of an athlete crowned with an olive wreath and an Indian with a headdress composed of ski sticks, a bob, skis, skate blades, a stick, a luge and a rifle. More info Hidy and Howdy The mascots' names represent the Calgary region's hospitality. Thus Hidy is an extension of “hi”, and Howdy is short for “how do you do”, a typical West American greeting. These names were chosen by a citizens' jury following a contest organised by Calgary Zoo that attracted almost 7,000 entries. Number of torchbearers: around 7 000 in Canada Total distance: 18 000 km in Canada Countries crossed: Greece, Canada More info View of the city of Calgary, above the Olympic rings, the official emblem and the title "Come Together in Calgary Host City for the XV Olympic Winter Games February 13-28, 1988 Calgary, Alberta, Canada". The “XV Olympic Winter Games official report” is a well-structured work that is rich in content. It was published by OCO’88 as a bilingual French/English edition of over 700 pages.


Which 1950’s UK television puppet’s catchphrase was ‘Aw, don’t embawass me!’?

Oldham News | News Headlines | Plaque honour for Lenny the Lion man Terry - Chronicle Online Chronicle Online Plaque honour for Lenny the Lion man Terry Date published: 14 September 2009 POPULAR children’s entertainer Terry Hall who shot to fame with puppet Lenny the Lion has been honoured in his home town. His wife, Dee, unveiled a blue plaque in Middelton Road, Chadderton, close to the spot where the ventriloquist and “real gentleman of showbusiness” was born. Dee was among 25 family members who travelled from as far as Germany for the celebration, organised by Chadderton Historical Society. Describing Friday’s event as emotional, Dee (65) said: “Terry would be astounded, delighted and very honoured. He was very proud of his roots and often mentioned Chadderton, the people he grew up with and his family here. “He was the ultimate professional — a real gentleman of showbusiness.” Terry, who went to St Patrick’s School, Oldham and played the accordion at Nimble Nook Working Men’s Club at the age of 12, left the borough in the 1950s to find fame and fortune . The keen Latics fan was one of the first ventriloquists to use an animal puppet. Lenny the Lion — whose catchphrase was “Aw don’t embawass me” — made his television debut on the variety show “Dress Rehearsal”, which also featured another famous Oldhamer, Eric Sykes. Terry and Lenny then fronted “The Lenny the Lion Show”, “Lenny’s Den” and “Pops and Lenny”, appearing with The Beatles in 1963. They also starred in the United States on the “Ed Sullivan Show” as their TV career continued into the 1980s. Terry died in 2007, at the age of 80. Terry lived at 635 Middleton Road, which has since been demolished. The plaque (inset) was erected near by, at the corner of Middleton Road and Broadway. Chadderton Historical Society worked closely with Terry’s sister, Kathleen Behan, and niece, Lesley Guilfoyle, on the project over the last 18 months. Kathleen (86) still lives in Chadderton. She said: “Terry was a smashing bloke and an extremely good brother to me. “Whenever he was in the North he used to come to Chadderton to stay with me. Children would queue outside the house to see Lenny the Lion. “He would have been astounded by this. He was the most unassuming person you could ever imagine.” Share:


Which is the longest river in New Mexico, and runs through the entire length of the state?

Rivers | Texas Almanac Texas Almanac The Source For All Things Texan Since 1857 Search the web Environment Texas Almanac © 2010 There are 11,247 named Texas streams identified in the U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System. Their combined length is about 80,000 miles, and they drain 263,513 square miles within Texas. Fourteen major rivers are described here, starting with the southernmost and moving northward (for secondary rivers and streams, click .): Rio Grande The Pueblo Indians called this river P’osoge, which means the “river of great water.” In 1582, Antonio de Espejo of Nueva Vizcaya, Mexico, followed the course of the Río Conchos to its confluence with a great river, which Espejo named Río del Norte (River of the North). The name Rio Grande was first given the stream apparently by the explorer Juan de Oñate, who arrived on its banks near present-day El Paso in 1598. Thereafter the names were often consolidated as Río Grande del Norte. It was shown also on early Spanish maps as Río San Buenaventura and Río Ganapetuan. In its lower course, it early acquired the name Río Bravo, which is its name on most Mexican maps. At times it has also been known as Río Turbio, probably because of its muddy appearance during its frequent rises. Some people erroneously call this watercourse the Rio Grande River. This river forms the boundary of Texas and the international U.S.-Mexican border for 889 or 1,254 river miles, depending upon method of measurement.  Length of Major Rivers       865 From the original headwaters to the outflow point. Source: U.S. Geological Survey, 2008. The U.S. Geological Survey figure for the total length from its headwaters to its mouth on the Gulf of Mexico is 1,900 miles. According to the USGS, the Rio Grande is tied with the St. Lawrence River (also 1,900 miles) as the fourth-longest North American river, exceeded only by the Missouri-Mississippi, McKenzie-Peace, and Yukon rivers. Since all of these except the Missouri-Mississippi are partly in Canada, the Rio Grande is the second-longest river entirely within or bordering the United States. It is Texas’ longest river. The snow-fed flow of the Rio Grande is used for irrigation in Colorado below the San Juan Mountains, where the river rises at the Continental Divide. Turning south, it flows through a canyon in northern New Mexico and again irrigates a broad valley of central New Mexico. Southern New Mexico impounds Rio Grande waters in Elephant Butte Reservoir for irrigation of the valley above and below El Paso. The valley near El Paso is thought to be the oldest irrigated area in Texas because Indians were irrigating crops here when Spanish explorers arrived in the early 1500s. From source to mouth, the Rio Grande drops 12,000 feet to sea level as a mountain torrent, desert stream, and meandering coastal river. Along its banks and in its valley, Europeans established some of their first North American settlements. Here are situated three of the oldest towns in Texas — Ysleta, Socorro, and San Elizario. Because of the extensive irrigation, the Rio Grande virtually ends at the lower end of the El Paso valley, except in seasons of above-normal flow. The river starts again as a perennially flowing stream where the Río Conchos of Mexico flows into it at Presidio-Ojinaga. Through the Big Bend, the Rio Grande flows through three successive canyons, the Santa Elena, the Mariscal, and the Boquillas. The Santa Elena has a river bed elevation of 2,145 feet and a canyon-rim elevation of 3,661. Corresponding figures for Mariscal are 1,925 and 3,625, and for Boquillas, 1,850 and 3,490. The river here flows for about 100 miles around the base of the Chisos Mountains as the southern boundary of Big Bend National Park. Below the Big Bend, the Rio Grande gradually emerges from mountains onto the Coastal Plains. A 191.2-mile strip on the U.S. side from Big Bend National Park downstream to the Terrell–Val Verde county line has federal designation as the Rio Grande Wild and Scenic River. At the confluence of the Rio Grande and Devils River, the Unite


‘Good to the last drop’ is the advertising slogan for which brand of beverage?

Coca-Cola Slogans History | Coca-Cola GB . W.C. D’Arcy was associated with Coca-Cola for the next four decades (he even served on the Board of Directors for a time) until his retirement in 1945. Together with his creative director, Archie Lee, he crafted some of the greatest slogans in advertising history. While “Delicious and Refreshing” was part of the plan D’Arcy’s first big change was to add an arrow to all the advertising and packaging while adding the slogan, “Whenever You See an Arrow, Think of Coca-Cola .” In 1907 they added the slogans “Good to the Last Drop,” (yes, we beat Maxwell House with this one) to the advertising. [JM1] The team hit their stride by the 1920s when they created the “Thirst Knows No Season” (1922) and our longest-running tagline, “The Pause That Refreshes” (1929). That campaign was used in one form or another for almost three decades. Advertising began to change after World War II, when music and sung jingles played an increasingly important role in campaigns. Slogans became shorter to fit into a catchy melody. By 1955, Coca-Cola began to look for another agency who specialised in the modern radio and television advertising. In 1956, McCann Erickson was named the lead worldwide advertising agency for Coca-Cola . The changes in advertising were dramatic, and when the McGuire Sisters sang “Be Really Refreshed,” the company was aligned with the times. In 1963, Bill Backer, creative director for McCann, penned the jingle “Things Go Better with Coke,” and had the Limeliters record a demo in a run-down apartment on 57th Street in New York City. Backer had to splice together several tapes, and you could still hear several flaws in the recording. The company loved it and used that demo for the next six years! Backer also developed the slogan, “It’s the Real Thing,” for which he and his team wrote “ I’d Like to Buy the World a Coke ” in 1971. By 1993, with the constant evolution of advertising, The Coca-Cola Company once again switched agencies. We hired CAA (Creative Artists Agency) to develop ads for Coca-Cola . CAA would hire the best and brightest producers and directors in the field to produce ads based on the slogan, “Always Coca-Cola Polar Bears ) and Rob Reiner created the ads, and the jingle became an instant classic. Animated ads have always been a staple of Coca-Cola advertising, and the “Coke Side of Life” (2006) and “Open Happiness” (2009) campaigns featured some of the best the company has ever produced, including “Grand Theft Auto,” “It’s Mine” and “Happiness Factory.” Slogans, by their very nature, are supposed to be “mindstickers” or “earworms.” The purpose of advertising is to make people associate a slogan with a brand. Coca-Cola is fortunate to have had some of the greatest creative talent in advertising work on our marketing. While the fictional Don Draper from Mad Men could always come up with a slogan, in the real world, industry giants like W. C. D’Arcy, Archie Lee and Bill Backer produced some of the greatest slogans, jingles and ads of all time. Ted Ryan is director of Heritage Communications at The Coca-Cola


American criminal Albert Henry DeSalvo was better known by what nickname in the 1960’s?

Famous Criminals Department of Sociology and Anthropology Wright State University Famous criminals are those individuals whose criminal behaviors become widely known to the general public for their unscrupulous acts. Described below is a sample of individuals whose extreme transgressions have brought the ire or admiration of their communities and the attention of society as famous criminals. Joseph ADONIS (1902 - 1972) Adonis was born Joseph Doto. Alleged to be vane and self-centered, he changed his name to Joe Adonis, and was known to the inner-circle as "Joey A.". In 1927, with other underworld figures he formed the Seven Group to control the illicit alcohol trade. He was also involved in controlling gambling in sections of New Jersey and New York. In 1951 he pleaded guilty to violating New Jersey's gambling laws and served a two year prison term. Rather then encounter New York's indictment against him for violating their state gambling laws, as well as perjury charges brought about by the Federal Government concerning his citizenship, he accepted deportation to Milan, Italy, where he died of natural causes. Albert ANASTASIA (1903 - 1957) A senior Mafioso leader of New York's underworld, Albert Anastasia was known as the "Lord High Executioner" of Murder, Incorporated. He was involved in numerous violent criminal acts, the narcotics trade and those victimless crimes of gambling and prostitution. Appearing before Senator Estes Kefauver's United States Senate Crime Investigating Committee, Anastasia (with known organized crime figures Adonis, Cohen, Costello, Lansky and others) stated he was innocent of any wrong doing and lacked sufficient knowledge concerning the syndicate and its operations. He was shot to death while having a haircut in a New York Hotel. The murder was allegedly perpetrated by individuals representing Mafia leader Vito Genovese. Arizona Donnie Clark "Kate" BARKER (1872 - 1935) Known to the public as the infamous "Ma" Barker, she was born near Springfield, Missouri, and in 1892 married George Barker, with whom she had four sons, (viz.,) Herman, Lloyd, Dock and Fred. She instructed her sons and other known felons of the time on the mechanics of robbing banks and trains. Barker left her husband, undertaking a criminal career as maternal advisor to the so-called "Barker Gang." She was also involved in extortion and kidnapping. Barker was killed in a shoot-out on Lake Weir, Florida, by Federal Bureau of Investigation agents headed by Edward J. Connelley. Clyde Chestnut BARROW (1909 - 1934) Part of the "Bonnie and Clyde" famous duo, Clyde Barrow was born to a Texas farm family. Prior to living with Bonnie Parker and undertaking a violent crime spree of robbing banks, he was involved in numerous robberies with his brother, Buck Barrow. After serving a prison sentence in Texas, Clyde Barrow increased his violent criminal activities. It was with Bonnie Parker, that Clyde Barrow, his brother Buck and his wife, Blanche, along with a robber named William Jones and a thief named Ray Hamilton, formed the legendary "Barrow Gang." After a succession of robberies and murders, the "Barrow Gang" disintegrated with the killing of Buck Barrow and the arrest of his wife, Blanche. It was on May 23, 1934, that Clyde Barrow with his partner, Bonnie Parker, died in an ambush conducted by famed lawman Frank Hammer and five other law enforcement officers outside of Gibsland, Louisiana. Hammer was known for hunting criminals as prey and attempting to think as they would in order to predict their next activity and implement his plans for capture. Joseph BONNANO (1905 - 2002) Joseph "Joey Bannanas" Bannano arrived in the United States from Castellammare del Golfa, Italy, and got involved with the Brooklyn Mafia. In 1931, Bonnano with Gagliano, Luciano, Mangano and Profaci was involved with Salvatore Marazano, the "capo di tutti capi" (supreme head) in reorganizing the Sicilian sydndicate into what is currently termed the Cosa Nostra. He became one of the five New York Mafia families. Bonnano began his career in Brooklyn by owning


How many nights are in the novel ‘Arabian Nights’?

The Arabian Nights: One Thousand and One Nights Summary | GradeSaver The Arabian Nights: One Thousand and One Nights Summary The Arabian Nights: One Thousand and One Nights Buy Study Guide The Arabian Nights is a collection of tales from the Islamic Golden Age, compiled by various authors over many hundreds of years. Though each collection features different stories, they are all centered around the frame story of the sultan Shahrayar and his wife, Scheherazade . After finding out that his first wife is unfaithful, Shahrayar kills her and swears to marry a different woman each night before killing her the following morning to prevent further betrayal. Scheherazade, his vizier's daughter, concocts a plan to end this pattern. She marries Shahrayar, and then begins to tell him a story that night. However, she stops the story in the middle, so that he will be excited to hear the rest the following night. The next evening, she finishes that story and then begins another, following the same pattern for 1,001 nights, until Shahrayar has a change of heart. The stories she tells comprise the collection. " Aladdin 's Lamp" tells of a peasant boy who is tricked by an evil magician into retrieving a magic genie lamp from a cave. However, Aladdin outsmarts him, keeping the lamp for himself. Through the genie's power, Aladdin grows rich and marries the sultan's daughter. When the magician steals the lamp back, Aladdin and his wife thwart and kill the villain. The magician's brother then attempts to avenge the dead man, but is equally defeated, so that Aladdin lives happily ever after. In " Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves," hardworking Ali Baba stumbles upon a thieves' hideout full of treasure, protected by a magic entry. When Ali Baba accidentally reveals the secret to his richer brother Cassim , Cassim gets trapped in the hideout, and killed by the thieves. The villains then try to track down and kill Ali Baba, but their plans are consistently thwarted by the quick-witted slave Morgiana . In "The Three Apples," a fisherman finds a chest in the ocean containing a woman's body. Both her father and her husband try to take the blame, but the caliph discerns that the husband had killed her, believing her unfaithful. He had brought her three rare apples when she was sick, then got mad when he saw a slave with one of the apples, claiming he had received the fruit from his girlfriend. Believing the slave, he killed the woman. He then learned that his son had actually given the apple to the slave, who then lied to stir up trouble. The ruler's vizier Ja'far ascertains that his own slave is the culprit, and the caliph pardons everyone. "The Seven Voyages of Sinbad the Sailor" are told by a famous sailor to an impoverished porter, to explain the trials and tribulations that the sailor suffered at sea. Over the course of his seven voyages, Sinbad faced: various shipwrecks; strange beasts such as giant eagles, rocs, and giants; malicious figures such as the Old Man of the Sea ; and many other obstacles. Even though he dealt with danger on every voyage, Sinbad continued to sail, lured by the thrill and excitement of the sea. Finally, after seven voyages, he decided to settle down with his wealth. "The Fisherman and the Jinni" tells the story of a fisherman whose nets retrieve a yellow jar from the sea. He opens it to release a dangerous genie, who has been trapped for hundreds of years and had decided to kill the man who rescues him. The fisherman tricks the genie into returning to the jar, and then tells him the story of "The Vizier and the Sage Duban ," detailed below. After the story, the genie promises to reward the fisherman, and indeed shows him a magic lake full of strange fish. The fisherman sells the fish to the sultan, who explores the area of the lake to meet a sad prince who had been turned half to stone. He helps the prince, and then rewards everyone involved. In "The Vizier and the Sage Duban," a wise healer named Duban heals King Yunan 's leprosy, but Yunan's vizier convinces the king that Duban is out to kill him. Yunan has Duban exe


English singer/songwriter Paloma Faith was born with which surname?

Paloma Faith — Ethnicity of Celebs | What Nationality Ancestry Race by wanderer on January 3, 2016 Birth Name: Paloma Faith Blomfield Place of Birth: Camden, London, England Date of Birth: 21 July, 1981 Ethnicity: English, Spanish Paloma Faith is an English singer, songwriter, and actress. Her father, Jose Ramon Blomfield, is Spanish, and her mother, Pamela F. (Oakes-Ash), is English. Given that her father’s surname is English, Paloma’s father possibly also has English ancestry. Paloma has said : My Spanish grandmother… lives in Norfolk. She has a very strong Spanish accent, sings in a choir and is Catholic. She doesn’t have a close relationship with her son; he never introduced me to her. I got in touch as my mum encouraged me to connect with her. I never met my Spanish granddad. photo by www.prphotos.com


American Falls, Bridal Veil Falls and Horseshoe Falls are all part of which waterfall?

Bridal Veil Falls | Marriott Niagara Falls Home › Bridal Veil Falls With a water trail that looks like a bride’s veil, the flowing waters of the Bridal Veil Falls in Niagara Falls, New York is a popular tourist attraction. The Niagara Falls consists of three falls–the mighty, crescent shaped Horseshoe Falls, the equally voluminous American Falls and the smallest of the lot, the Bridal Veil Falls. In the past, this waterfall has also been called Luna Falls and Iris Falls. 181 Feet High It is the only one among the three falls which visitors can get the closest to on land. The American and Bridal Veil Falls are located side by side with the Luna Island separating them, while Goat Island splits it from the Horseshoe Falls. The waterfall is around 55 feet wide and falls from a height of 181 feet, crashing into the Niagara River below. It is accessible from two places on the US side–Luna Island and the Cave of the Winds tour from Goat Island . An uninhabited place, Luna Island enables you to get close to the edge of the Bridal Veil Falls. Visitors can walk across the small island to a viewpoint that overlooks the falls. Cave of the Winds The Cave of the Winds Tour is very exciting as you are literally showered with the water from the Bridal Veil Falls as you stand below. An elevator takes you 175 feet down to the base of the gorge, after which wooden walkways lead you to the Hurricane Deck. This is the place where you can be unbelievably close to the falls and touch and feel the waters as it falls down on you from far above. The Hurricane Deck is so called because of the storm-like conditions there with the heavy winds, the thundering sound of the waterfall and the spray pouring down upon you. You understand the power and beauty of nature as you experience this waterfall at such close quarters. For people with disabilities and families with very young children, another deck 150 feet away enables a great view without getting wet. Maid of the Mist One more way to view the falls from a different angle is to take the thrilling Maid of the Mist boat ride. It takes you to all three falls and you can view the Bridal Veil Falls from the boat, cruising along the Niagara River. Bring along a waterproof camera to capture pictures from all these viewpoints as each one offers a different perspective. If you wish to have an aerial view of all three falls, head to the Prospect Point Observation Tower. You can see the Bridal Veil Falls from a height of 230 feet here, so it makes for a lovely panoramic view. Good things come in small packages is a saying that holds true for the Bridal Veil Falls–small it may be but experiencing it gives you a big thrill. Stay at the #1 ranked hotel in Niagara Falls, the Marriott Fallsview Hotel & Spa. For our best rates and valuable add-ons view our:


The Welsh town of Aberystwyth lies on which bay?

Welcome to Aberystwyth © Crown copyright (2013) Visit Wales The     Castle Long before the     Normans began their castle-building program, Iron Age settlers used the     hilltop called Pen Dinas to build a huge fortification, which still     dominates the skyline as you approach Aberystwyth from the south and     reminds us of the skills of its ancient builders. The first Norman     castle was a ringwork affair castle, built in the early 12th Century.     Inevitably, the earth and timber defences proved too vulnerable and a     new site was chosen for a castle in Aberystwyth itself. This time it was     the Welsh, led by Llywelyn the Great who built the castle and it changed     hands several times before finally became useless against new weapons.     The last castle built at Aberystwyth once ranked among the greatest in     Wales but today, lies entirely ruined and offering only a faint image of     its once impressive past. How then did Aberystwyth Castle become such a ruin? Amazingly, as early     as the 14th century, the concentric fortress began to decay. By 1343,     large portions of the main gateway and drawbridges, and the outer bailey     were falling down. The closeness of the castle to the pounding sea     causing much of the decay. In 1404, Owain Glyndwr     seized the crumbling fortress. Within a few years the English regained     possession but after 1408, Aberystwyth Castle lost its strategic value     to the monarchy, and only minor repairs were attempted. During the Civil     War, the castle became a victim of Oliver Cromwell's ruthless policy of     slighting because the garrison sided with the king, Charles I. Most of     the castle stone was pilfered by locals to build their homes. The Railway The Aberystwyth     Electric Cliff Railway is the longest electric cliff railway in Britain.     It climbs Constitution Hill from the northern end of the town's     promenade with trains running every few minutes during the spring,     summer and early autumn. Reaching the summit reveals an amazing panorama which on a clear day     extends as far as the Preseli Hills in Pembrokeshire to the south, while     the whole expanse of Cardigan Bay opens out to the west and the     mountains of Snowdonia to the North can also be seen. There is a cafe at     the summit and the famous Camera Obscura. The present building is a     recreation of the Victorian original. As the carefully-balanced mirror     revolves, detailed views of the surrounding countryside are thrown onto     the table in the centre of the building. The Cliff Railway also provides the simplest start to the beautiful walk     over the cliff-tops to Clarach Bay, from where you can catch a bus back     to Aberystwyth. Cilgerran     Castle in     Pembrokeshire, West Wales is some 43 miles south west from Aberystwyth.   Aberystwyth.com is no longer supporting email addresses on this domain, due to the fact that the domain is now under new ownership. Please make other arrangements for your email and let your contacts know as soon as possible. As a short term measure, we may be able to arrange mail forwarding to your new email address. Contact us at mailadmin@croeso.com


In which year did Prince Andrew marry Sarah Ferguson?

BBC ON THIS DAY | 23 | 1986: Prince Andrew weds Sarah Ferguson 1986: Prince Andrew weds Sarah Ferguson Prince Andrew and Sarah Ferguson have married at Westminster Abbey. Thousands of people lined the streets of London and a worldwide TV audience of 500 million tuned in to catch a glimpse of the pageantry. Miss Ferguson arrived at the 900-year-old church at 1130 BST - only a couple of minutes late - after riding from Clarence House in the Glass Coach with her father, Sir Ronald. Inside, 2,000 people, amid 30,000 flowers, watched the bride make her four-minute walk up the blue-carpeted aisle, sweeping a 17-foot train behind her. As well as the families of the bride and groom, guests included 17 members of foreign royalty, US First Lady Nancy Reagan and Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. Title deed The Queen conferred Prince Andrew with the title Duke of York - last held by King George VI and traditionally reserved for the sovereign's second son - just 90 minutes before the ceremony. Prince Edward was best man to his 26-year-old brother and Prince Charles read the lesson in a service conducted by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr Robert Runcie. As the couple exchanged their vows cheers could be heard from the crowd outside. The new Duchess of York mistakenly repeated Prince Andrew's middle name, Christian, and agreed to obey her husband - a clause omitted by Princess Diana in her 1981 marriage to Prince Charles. After they had signed the register the couple rode in the open-topped 1902 State Landau to Buckingham Palace. The Duchess looked radiant in her ivory duchesse satin dress, next to the Duke - four months her junior - in the ceremonial day dress of a naval lieutenant. A crowd of 100,000 clamoured to see their first public kiss as man and wife on the balcony of the Palace. Following their wedding party for 300 guests at Claridges Hotel, the couple will honeymoon in the Azores.


The ‘Goose Fair’ is held annually in which English city?

Goose Fair 4 - 8 October 2017 Goose Fair 4 - 8 October 2017 Goose Fair 4 - 8 October 2017 Nottingham Goose Fair thrills and delights city residents and visitors! In 2015 over 400,000 people visited the fair!  Opening times Location: Forest Recreation Ground, NG7 6HB What to Expect at Goose Fair With more than 720 years of history, Nottingham Goose Fair is one of Europe's most famous travelling fairs, and is still a fantastic event that delights all ages. How to trade at Goose Fair Every autumn, the Forest Recreation Ground hosts over 500 attractions, from the latest white knuckle experiences, family rides and the old favourites including waltzers, carousels and Hook-a-Duck. Other rides that have proved very popular in recent years are rides like Air, Airmaxx, AtmosFear, Bomber Mach 2, Crazy Bulls, the Giant Wheel, Moondance, Mouse coasters, Reverse Bungee, Rock Rage, Sea Storm, and Star Flyer. This stellar presentation is joined by all the other favourites such as Dodgems, Dragon Coaster, Extremes, Freakouts, Frogs, Ghost Trains, Matterhorns, Miamis, Sizzler Twists, Superbowls, Super Spins, Super Stars, as well as Waltzers and Funhouses. For the traditionalists there are the Cake Walk, Gallopers (carousels), Helter Skelters, Rotors. The Super Skid also returns after missing the 2014 fair. Numerous games of skill are on offer to, including darts, hook a ducks, hooplas and cranes (grabbers). Food is always a highlight at the Fair. Along with the traditional Goose Fair food of mushy peas and mint sauce, candy floss and brandy snaps, visitors will be able to eat their way around the world with chestnuts and doughnuts to food from the Caribbean, Chinese noodles, Indian kebabs, Spanish churros, paella and French crepes. As always, admission to the ground is free. Ride Charges In 2015 most rides cost between £1.50 to £5.00. The majority were charged at £2 - £3. Specialised rides charged between £4.00 and £6.00. Children's rides were £1.00 to £2.00.  Location


Which circle of latitude on the Earth is also known as the Northern Tropic?

Understanding Longitudes and Latitudes The Equator passes through 14 countries, including Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Indonesia, Ecuador, Colombia and Brazil. Imaginary Circles Often called parallels or circles of latitude, latitudes are imaginary circles parallel to the Equator. They are named after the angle created by a line connecting the latitude and the center of the Earth, and the line connecting the Equator and the center of the Earth. Latitudes specify the North-South position of a location on the globe. Locations in the Northern Hemisphere are identified by northern latitudes and are assigned a suffix of N for north. Southern Hemisphere locations, on the other hand, are on southern latitudes and are assigned a suffix of S for south. Notable Latitudes The Equator represents 0° latitude, while the North and South Poles represent 90° North and 90° South latitudes. In addition to the Equator, there are four other major latitudes that are usually found on maps and globes. The Arctic Circle is the latitude 66° 34′ North. All locations falling North of this latitude are said to be in the Arctic Circle. The Antarctic Circle on the other hand, is the latitude 66° 34′ south. Any locations falling south of this latitude are said to be in the Antarctic Circle. Places in both these circles experience extreme weather, and experience the midnight sun, as well as polar nights. The latitude 23° 26′ North is also known as the Tropic of Cancer. It marks the northern-most position on the Earth, where the Sun is directly overhead at least once a year. This happens during the June Solstice , when the Earth’s Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun. The Tropic of Capricorn is the latitude that lies at 23° 26′ South of the Equator. It is the southern-most position on the globe, where the sun is directly overhead during the December Solstice . Sometimes, latitudes north of the Equator are denoted by a positive sign. Latitudes south of the Equator are given negative values. This eliminates the need to add whether the specified latitude is north or south of the Equator. East-West Locations Longitudes are geographical positioning markers that run from the geographical North Pole to the geographical South Pole, intersecting the Equator. They meet at both Poles, and specify the East-West position of a location. Longitudes are therefore imaginary circles that intersect the North and South Poles, and the Equator. Half of a longitudinal circle is known as a Meridian. Meridians are perpendicular to every latitude. Unlike, latitudes, there is no obvious central longitude. However, in order to measure the position of a location based on the longitude, cartographers and geographers over the course of history have designated different locations as the main longitudinal reference point. Today, the meridian line through Greenwich, England is considered as the reference point for longitudes. This line is also known as the Prime Meridian The Prime Meridian is set as 0° longitude and it divides the Earth into the Eastern and the Western Hemisphere. All the other longitudes are measured, and named after the angle they make with respect to the center of the Earth from the intersection of the Meridian and the Equator. Since a sphere has 360 degrees, the Earth is divided into 360 longitudes. The meridian right opposite the Prime Meridian (on the other side of the Earth) is the 180° longitude. Modern timekeeping systems use longitudes as references to keep time. Time zones are defined by the Prime Meridian and the longitudes. An Easy Way to Remember One easy way to remember the orientation of latitudes and longitudes is longitudes are long, and latitudes are lateral. Did You Know? A Great Circle is any circle that is formed by a plane that passes through the center of the Earth. The Equator and the circles created by the meridians form Great Circles. A straight line connecting two Great Circles is the shortest distance between them. Because of this, they are important for the study of migration and other human interactions and activities including shipping


English statesman Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex, was executed during the reign of which English monarch?

Thomas Cromwell, earl of Essex | English statesman | Britannica.com Thomas Cromwell, earl of Essex English statesman Thomas Cromwell, earl of Essex English statesman William Laud Thomas Cromwell, earl of Essex, (born c. 1485, Putney, near London —died July 28, 1540, probably London), principal adviser (1532–40) to England’s Henry VIII , chiefly responsible for establishing the Reformation in England, for the dissolution of the monasteries, and for strengthening the royal administration. At the instigation of his enemies he was eventually arrested for heresy and treason and executed. Thomas Cromwell, engraving after a painting by Hans Holbein the Younger, c. 1537. The Print Collector/Heritage-Images Rise to power. Cromwell’s early life is obscure. It appears that he went abroad at an early age and spent some time in Italy. For several years after 1510 he was resident in the Low Countries , and he seems to have been closely connected with the London Merchant Adventurers . By 1520 he had entered Cardinal Wolsey’s service as his solicitor, and from that time his career is well documented. Wolsey employed him in 1525 in the dissolution of some lesser monasteries, in which work he earned a good deal of dislike. The Cardinal, however, continued to favour him, and Cromwell soon became his confidential adviser. When Wolsey fell into disgrace in 1529, Cromwell entered Parliament, where his remarkable ability attracted the notice of the King. For nearly three years he worked his way up in the royal favour, entering Henry’s service early in 1530. He was sworn into the council toward the end of that year and reached the inner circle of confidential advisers a year later. All the time, he was establishing his ascendancy in the House of Commons . In 1532 he obtained office as master of the jewels. Other offices soon followed: principal secretary and master of the rolls in 1534 and lord privy seal in 1536. The last office was combined with a peerage, and he took the title of Lord Cromwell of Wimbledon. Cromwell and the Reformation Cromwell’s part in the English Reformation has been much debated. At one time he was credited with supplying Henry with a complete plan of action as early as 1529; later it became usual to see in him nothing but the King’s most competent executive agent. The truth seems to be that he was in no way in charge until early in 1532, taking over when the King’s policy of forcing the Pope to come to terms had proved to be a failure. It was, to all appearances, Cromwell who then came forward with a clear notion of how to achieve Henry’s purpose without the Pope . His policy consisted in making a reality of some large and vague claims to supreme power that Henry had uttered at intervals. He proposed to destroy Rome’s power in England and to replace it by the royal supremacy in the church. He was behind the first attacks on the papacy (1532) and the act against the payment by bishops of their first year’s revenue to Rome. He secured the submission of the clergy to the King in matters of legislation, and in 1533 he secured the passage of the Act in Restraint of Appeals to Rome, preventing appeals to Rome in matrimonial and testamentary cases. Its preamble embodied his political theory of the sovereign national state. Thereafter he was in complete control of the government, though he remained careful to pretend to be acting on the King’s authority. In 1534 he completed the erection of the royal supremacy with the passage of the Act of Supremacy . Britannica Stories Dinosaur Eggs May Have Taken Six Months or More to Hatch Because political and financial reasons made expedient an attack on the monasteries , Cromwell was appointed the King’s vicar general with powers to visit and reform all monastic institutions. Despite serious opposition, especially in the north, the task was carried out relentlessly. During 1536–40 the surrender of the greater houses was obtained by pressure and persuasion, and by 1540 all monastic institutions had ceased to exist and their property had been vested in the crown. Cromwell and other crown o


Dipsophobia is the irrational fear of doing what?

What is Dipsophobia? What is Dipsophobia? written by: jason1244      • edited by: Paul Arnold      • updated: 3/8/2011 “My mother’s father drank and her mother was an unhappy, neurotic woman, and I think she has lived all her life afraid of anyone who drinks for fear something like that might happen to her" is a quote by John Hurt who is probably best known as the lead actor in “The Elephant Man". Can you relate? slide 1 of 5 What is Dipsophobia? Dipsophobia is an abnormal and persistent fear of drinking alcohol. If you have what might be considered an undue anxiety about becoming addicted to alcohol and you are concerned about the effect that it could have on your body, you could be suffering from dipsophobia. The opposite of dipsophobia is dipsomania or a strong desire or cravings for alcohol, but that’s another article. slide 2 of 5 What are the Causes of Dipsophobia?   Like many phobias dipsophobia is caused by irrational thoughts about your situation or some object that you may be focused on, but actually presents no danger to you. The natural thing to do under these circumstances is to avoid the things that frighten you. If you are dipsophobic, you may try to avoid environments where people will be drinking or you may choose not to associate with drinkers at all in your personal life. The debate about the causes of phobic behavior in the mental health community are many, some believe it could be a result of trauma, or a learned behavior from your parents and/or a chemical imbalance in the brain. slide 3 of 5 What are the Symptoms of Dipsophobia? People who suffer from phobias often share the same or similar physical symptoms when they feel threatened or anxious. The symptoms can come simultaneously or be sequential. Take a look at the partial list below to see if you recognize any of the symptoms. Panic and fear (terror, extreme fright, feeling like you might die) Rapid heartbeat (you can actually feel your heart beat in your chest) Shortness of breath (tightness in your throat and/or chest) Trembling (shaking hands, weak knees and general nervousness) A strong desire to get away (all you can think about is the exit) Nausea (swirling feeling in your stomach, dizziness in your head) Sweating (sweaty hands, under arms, forehead and/or legs) slide 4 of 5


The world’s first vacuum bottling factory was opened in which European country in 1804?

world's first News Avatar-style S. Korean manned robot takes first baby steps Tuesday, December 27 - 6:59 AM France 24 A giant South Korean-built manned robot that walks like a human but makes the ground shake under its weight has taken its first baby steps. Designed by a veteran of science fiction blockbusters,... [ Read More ]


The AK Parti (the Justice and Development Party) is a political party in which country?

Justice and Development Party | political party, Turkey | Britannica.com Justice and Development Party Alternative Titles: Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, AK Parti, AK Party, AKP Related Topics Turkey Justice and Development Party, Turkish Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (AKP), also called AK Party or Turkish AK Parti, political party that came to power in Turkey in the general elections of 2002. In spite of the party’s nonconfessional mandate , the AKP draws significant support from nonsecular Turks and has faced objections from some segments of Turkish society that it harbours an Islamist agenda that could undermine Turkey’s secular foundation. The success of the AKP in the early 2000s can be traced to inroads made in the 1990s by the Welfare Party (WP; Refah Partisi), an Islamic party founded in 1983. Buoyed by the increasing role of Islam in Turkish life in the 1980s and ’90s—evidenced by changes in dress and appearance, segregation of the sexes, the growth of Islamic schools and banks, and support for Sufi orders—the WP won an overwhelming victory in the 1995 parliamentary elections and became the first Islamic party ever to win a general election in Turkey. In January 1998, however, the WP was banned by Turkey’s constitutional court on charges of disturbing the secular order. A number of its members joined another Islamic party, the newly formed Virtue Party (VP; Fazilet Partisi), but in June 2001 it too was banned. In August a group led by Abdullah Gül and Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (a former mayor of Istanbul [1994–98]) struck out to form the AKP—or AK Party, ak in Turkish also meaning “white” or “clean”—as a democratic, conservative , nonconfessional movement. Unlike its predecessors, the AKP did not centre its image around an Islamic identity; indeed, its leaders underscored that it was not an Islamist party and emphasized that its focus was democratization, not the politicization of religion. Nevertheless, the political roots of the AKP and its leadership, some of the party’s political endeavours (including proposed regulation of the display and advertisement of alcohol), and the head scarves worn by some AKP leaders’ wives—including Emine Erdoğan and Hayrünnisa Gül—meant that the AKP was viewed with suspicion by some segments of the Turkish population. Similar Topics Labour Party In spite of the fact that the AKP was a relatively new party, it won enough seats in the November 2002 parliamentary elections to earn an absolute majority in the 550-seat parliament. Although Erdoğan was legally barred from serving in parliament or as prime minister because of a 1998 conviction for inciting religious hatred—he had recited a poem that compared mosques to barracks, minarets to bayonets, and the faithful to an army—a constitutional amendment passed in December 2002 effectively removed Erdoğan’s disqualification. After he won a by-election on March 9, 2003, Erdoğan was asked by Pres. Ahmet Necdet Sezer to form a new government, and on May 14, 2003, Erdoğan took office as prime minister. At the AKP’s first general assembly, held in October of that year, members unanimously reelected Erdoğan as the party’s chairman. The next year the AKP was broadly successful in local elections. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, 2008. Photo by Serkan Eldeleklioglu-Bora Omerogullari-Ozan Atasoy/Copyright World Economic Forum (www.weforum.org) Tensions that had been simmering between Turkey’s secularist parties and the AKP were heightened in 2007, when attempts by the parliament to elect Gül to the country’s presidency were blocked by an opposition boycott . In response to the subsequent stalemate, early general elections were held in July of that year and yielded an overwhelming victory for the AKP. Gül was subsequently again put forth as a candidate for president, and on August 28, 2007, he was elected by parliament to the position. Abdullah Gül and his wife, Hayrünnisa, greeting AKP supporters at an election victory … Murad Sezer/AP World Organizations: Fact or Fiction? The AKP and its secular opponents clashed again in early 2008, when parliament passed an amend


In which year was the Bank of England entirely nationalised?

About the Bank | Bank of England   Nationalised in 1946, the Bank is a corporation wholly owned by the UK government. Overseen by a board of directors known as Court, the Bank is accountable to both Parliament and the public. Find out more about how we are governed… more     The Bank’s history runs parallel to the economic and financial history of the United Kingdom. Events and circumstances over the past 300 years have shaped the role and responsibilities of the modern-day Bank. Find out more about our history… more   Pamphlet on the Bank’s mission, the Bank today, brief architectural history and more. External Links


Apart from English, what is the official language of Pakistan?

Pakistani Languages |Languages of Pakistan Nov 2, 2011 Pakistani Languages Languages of Pakistan.Pakistan is considered to be a special country where many languages are spoken. Every person knows that language shows the heritage, culture and identity of people. According to survey that almost 200 languages are spoken in Pakistan. Since many years, the official language of Pakistan was the Persian. But before the British came, Urdu language was created or developed. Pakistan has many distinctive and different languages such as Urdu, Punjabi, English, Sindhi, Pashto and balochi. Urdu is considered to be the national language of Pakistan and it is the perfect combination of many languages like Arabic, Persian and many local languages. It is very much similar to Hindi. If we talk about Sindhi language then it is spoken in the sindh province. According to survey that almost 26 million people speak Sindhi in Pakistan. It is considered to be an Indo-Aryan language. Moreover, Sindhi language has 15 vowels and 47 consonant phonemes.  Furthermore, in case of Pashto language, it is spoken in the province of North West Frontier Province. This language is also known as pathani. This language is considered to be an Iranian language. Moreover, Punjabi language is spoken in the Punjab province. It is considered to be an indo-European language. Balochi language is spoken in the Baluchistan province and it is considered to be an Iranian language and it is much similar like Kurdish language. Apart from all these languages, English is considered to be an official language now a days. This language is used in order to communicate with other countries all over the world. It became the official and national language of Pakistan during the 11th century. If we talk about the history of Urdu language then the mughal leaders gave importance and significance to the Urdu language and made this language as an official language. Moreover, Urdu language uses the identical or similar letters as the Farsi and Arabic language. On the other hand, the Urdu speaker does not normally pronounce each letter in Urdu as Arabic speakers normally pronounce. Moreover, Urdu language has similar words as in Farsi language. Furthermore, during the 20th century, Pakistan plays a very important role in world events in order to promote the Urdu language. Apart from Urdu language, English also became an important and official language and now government officials use English language in order to conduct the business. On the whole after discussing the Pakistani languages it is easy to conclude that there are many languages spoken in Pakistan but the two most important are Urdu and English. Government of Pakistan should organize different events both at national and international events in order to promote the Urdu language. Finally, today Urdu language is getting rapidly popularity all over the world and now its become an identity that Urdu language is the national language of Pakistan.


Which computer company was founded in 1983 as Control Video Corporation?

A Brief History Of AOL | Fast Company | Business + Innovation A Brief History Of AOL David Lumb 05.12.15 1:15 PM Verizon announced today that it is buying AOL for $4.4 billion, probably to help Verizon better stream video online, especially to mobile devices, says The Washington Post . AOL is one of the only other pre-dotcom veterans, alongside Yahoo, to keep chugging along despite being left in the dust by younger tech juggernauts like Google and Facebook. Here’s a quick timeline of AOL’s fascinating history: 1983: AOL begins life as Control Video Corporation, which was founded by Bill von Meister and had one product: GameLine, a service that hooked your Atari 2600 to your phone line to rent games for $1. Control Video Corporation went bust in a year, and was reborn as Quantum Computer Services to further develop its phone-data tech. Steve Case, later to become the CEO of AOL, is part of the 10% of employees who survived the rebirth. Case quickly rises through the ranks. 1985: Quantum Computer Services can’t let go of over-the-phone gaming, and it launches dedicated a online gaming service called "Q-Link" for the Commodore 64 and 128 game consoles. Three years later, Quantum Computer Services launches PC-Link and partners with Apple to launch AppleLink, both pre-Internet online services. 1989: Quantum Computer Services and Apple end their partnership. Quantum Computer Services renames itself America Online. Two years later, America Online for DOS is released, and a year after that, America Online for Windows. 1996: America Online leaves behind its pay-per-hour system for a flat $19.95 monthly fee for dial-up Internet. The modern Internet era begins. Millions of America Online trial CDs are repurposed as frisbees. November 1998: America Online announces its purchase of Netscape, makers of the dominant browser of the era, Netscape Navigator. 2001: America Online and Time Warner merge. Things go sour almost from the get-go : company cultures don’t mix, broadband Internet eats up America Online’s customers, and the dotcom bubble annihilates the company’s stock worth from $226 billion to $20 billion. Thus begins the fall of America Online. A year later, CEO Steve Case is replaced by Jonathan Miller. 2006: America Online ditches its full name to just be known as AOL, which the world had been calling it for over a decade anyway. Business is still struggling. A year later, AOL moves its corporate headquarters from Virginia to New York City, liquidating 40% of its workforce (2,000 people) in the process. CEO Jonathan Miller is replaced by Randy Falco. Many awkward acquisitions follow, like social networking site Bebo for $850 million (which Bebo's founder bought back from AOL in 2013, for just $1 million ). March 2009: AOL hires former Googler Tim Armstrong as chairman and CEO. Two months later, Time Warner spins AOL back off as its own company. AOL goes on a shopping spree, buying Patch Media’s network of hyperlocal news cells (which Armstrong cofounded) and, in September 2010, buying technology reporting site TechCrunch and profile portal site About.Me . February 2011: AOL buys The Huffington Post, and its founder Arianna Huffington becomes AOL content chief. Two months later, AOL cuts 900 employees as a result of the deal. February 2013: AOL reports its first quarterly revenue growth in eight years . As The Wall Street Journal notes, this was due to AOL’s online advertisement revenue increasing above the rate of falling Internet subscriptions. Six months later, AOL buys video ad company Adapt.tv for $405 million . The strategy shift to online ads proves very successful—enough to knock Google out of first place at video ads eight months later . January 2014: AOL sells Patch. Mass Patch layoffs ensue, and they are awkward . The hyperlocal media era officially dies. February 2015: AOL kills venerable tech reporting site The Unofficial Apple Weblog . Tech veterans shed tears that Internet babies still suckling on smartphones don’t understand. May 2015: Verizon buys AOL for $4.4 billion in cash. According to anonymous sources spea


The Philippines were named after which king of Spain?

A Brief History of The Philippines A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINES By Tim Lambert The Early Philippines The Philippines is named after King Philip II of Spain (1556-1598) and it was a Spanish colony for over 300 years. Today the Philippines is an archipelago of 7,000 islands. However it is believed that during the last ice age they were joined to mainland Asia by a land bridge, enabling human beings to walk from there. The first people in the Philippines were hunter-gatherers. However between 3,000 BC and 2,000 BC people learned to farm. They grew rice and domesticated animals. From the 10th AD century Filipinos traded with China and by the 12th Century AD Arab merchants reached the Philippines and they introduced Islam. Then in 1521 Ferdinand Magellan sailed across the Pacific. He landed in the Philippines and claimed them for Spain. Magellan baptized a chief called Humabon and hoped to make him a puppet ruler on behalf of the Spanish crown. Magellan demanded that other chiefs submit to Humabon but one chief named Lapu Lapu refused. Magellan led a force to crush him. However the Spanish soldiers were scattered and Magellan was killed. The Spaniards did not gain a foothold in the Philippines until 1565 when Miguel Lopez de Legazpi led an expedition, which built a fort in Cebu. Later, in 1571 the Spaniards landed in Luzon. Here they built the city of Intramuros (later called Manila), which became the capital of the Philippines. Spanish conquistadors marched inland and conquered Luzon. They created a feudal system. Spaniards owned vast estates worked by Filipinos. Along with conquistadors went friars who converted the Filipinos to Catholicism. The friars also built schools and universities. The Spanish colony in the Philippines brought prosperity - for the upper class anyway! Each year the Chinese exported goods such as silk, porcelain and lacquer to the Philippines. From there they were re-exported to Mexico. The years passed uneventfully in the Philippines until in 1762 the British captured Manila. They held it for two years but they handed it back in 1764 under the terms of the Treaty of Paris, signed in 1763. The Philippines in the 19th Century In 1872 there was a rebellion in Cavite but it was quickly crushed. However nationalist feeling continued to grow helped by a writer named Jose Rizal (1861-1896). He wrote two novels Noli Me Tangere (Touch me Not) and El Filibusterismo (The Filibusterer) which stoked the fires of nationalism. In 1892 Jose Rizal founded a movement called Liga Filipina, which called for reform rather than revolution. As a result Rizal was arrested and exiled to Dapitan on Mindanao. Meanwhile Andres Bonifacio formed a more extreme organisation called the Katipunan. In August 1896 they began a revolution. Jose Rizal was accused of supporting the revolution, although he did not and he was executed on 30 December 1896. Yet his execution merely inflamed Filipino opinion and the revolution grew. Then in 1898 came war between the USA and Spain. On 30 April 1898 the Americans defeated the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay. Meanwhile Filipino revolutionaries had surrounded Manila. Their leader, Emilio Aguinaldo declared the Philippines independent on 12 June. However as part of the peace treaty Spain ceded the Philippines to the USA. The Americans planned to take over. War between American forces in Manila and the Filipinos began on 4 February 1899. The Filipino-American War lasted until 1902 when Aguinaldo was captured. The Philippines in the 20th Century American rule in the Philippines was paternalistic. They called their policy 'Benevolent Assimilation'. They wanted to 'Americanize' the Filipinos but they never quite succeeded. However they did do some good. Many American teachers were sent to the Philippines in a ship called the Thomas and they did increase literacy. In 1935 the Philippines were made a commonwealth and were semi-independent. Manuel Quezon became president. The USA promised that the Philippines would become completely independent in 1945. However in December 1941 Japan attacked the US fle


Who made his ‘I Am Prepared to Die’ speech in 1964 at the opening of the Rivonia Trial in South Africa?

"I Am Prepared to Die" (Nelson Mandela's Statement at the Rivonia Trial in 1964) "I Am Prepared To Die" Nelson Mandela during his 1964 trial Nelson Mandela's statement at the opening of the defense case in the Rivonia Trial (Pretoria Supreme Court, April 20, 1964) I am the First Accused. I hold a Bachelor's Degree in Arts and practised as an attorney in Johannesburg for a number of years in partnership with Oliver Tambo. I am a convicted prisoner serving five years for leaving the country without a permit and for inciting people to go on strike at the end of May 1961. At the outset, I want to say that the suggestion made by the State in its opening that the struggle in South Africa is under the influence of foreigners or communists is wholly incorrect. I have done whatever I did, both as an individual and as a leader of my people, because of my experience in South Africa and my own proudly felt African background, and not because of what any outsider might have said. In my youth in the Transkei I listened to the elders of my tribe telling stories of the old days. Amongst the tales they related to me were those of wars fought by our ancestors in defence of the fatherland. The names of Dingane and Bambata, Hintsa and Makana, Squngthi and Dalasile, Moshoeshoe and Sekhukhuni, were praised as the glory of the entire African nation. I hoped then that life might offer me the opportunity to serve my people and make my own humble contribution to their freedom struggle. This is what has motivated me in all that I have done in relation to the charges made against me in this case. Having said this, I must deal immediately and at some length with the question of violence. Some of the things so far told to the Court are true and some are untrue. I do not, however, deny that I planned sabotage. I did not plan it in a spirit of recklessness, nor because I have any love of violence. I planned it as a result of a calm and sober assessment of the political situation that had arisen after many years of tyranny, exploitation, and oppression of my people by the Whites. I admit immediately that I was one of the persons who helped to form Umkhonto we Sizwe, and that I played a prominent role in its affairs until I was arrested in August 1962. In the statement which I am about to make I shall correct certain false impressions which have been created by State witnesses. Amongst other things, I will demonstrate that certain of the acts referred to in the evidence were not and could not have been committed by Umkhonto. I will also deal with the relationship between the African National Congress and Umkhonto, and with the part which I personally have played in the affairs of both organizations. I shall deal also with the part played by the Communist Party. In order to explain these matters properly, I will have to explain what Umkhonto set out to achieve; what methods it prescribed for the achievement of these objects, and why these methods were chosen. I will also have to explain how I became involved in the activities of these organizations. I deny that Umkhonto was responsible for a number of acts which clearly fell outside the policy of the organisation, and which have been charged in the indictment against us. I do not know what justification there was for these acts, but to demonstrate that they could not have been authorized by Umkhonto, I want to refer briefly to the roots and policy of the organization. I have already mentioned that I was one of the persons who helped to form Umkhonto. I, and the others who started the organization, did so for two reasons. Firstly, we believed that as a result of Government policy, violence by the African people had become inevitable, and that unless responsible leadership was given to canalize and control the feelings of our people, there would be outbreaks of terrorism which would produce an intensity of bitterness and hostility between the various races of this country which is not produced even by war. Secondly, we felt that without violence there would be no way open to the African people to succeed in