"In the fairy tale ""Sleeping Beauty"", who kissed the princess to wake her up?"

The Sleeping Beauty | Enchanted Fairytales Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Edit The Sleeping Beauty (French:La Belle au bois dormant or The Beauty Sleeping in the Wood) by Charles Perrault or Little Briar Rose by the Brothers Grimm)is a classic fairy tale involving a beautiful princess, a sleeping enchantment, and a handsome prince. The version collected by the Grimms was an orally transmitted version of the originally literary tale published by Charles Perrault in Histoires ou contes du temps passé in 1697.[1] This in turn was based on Sun, Moon, and Talia by Giambattista Basile (published posthumously in 1634), which was in turn based on one or more folk tales. The earliest known version of the story is Perceforest, composed between 1330 and 1344 and first printed in 1528. Contents Edit The Sleeping Beauty Once upon a time,in a far far away kingdom,there once lived a King and his Queen who were very,very sad. Because they wished for a daughter of their own,but for a long time they had none. One day,as the Queen was bathing in a spring and she was dreaming of a daughter,a beautiful fairy in a bubble crept out of the water. The fairy said to her that her wish shall be fulfilled and before a year has passed she shall bring a very,very beautiful daughter into the world. Many years had passed,the King and his queen were happily blessed with a very,very beautiful baby Princess. The King and his Queen held a splendid royal ball and they invited all his friends,family and neighbours. The King and his Queen invited seven good fairies,too,in order that they might be kind and good to the baby Princess.  When the royal ball came to an end,each of the seven good fairies presented the baby Princess with a magical and wonderful gift. The first fairy gave the Princess the gift of everlasting beauty. The second fairy gave the Princess the gift of enchanting grace and enticing charm. The third fairy gave the Princess the gift of magnificent riches. The fourth fairy gave the Princess the gift of eternal virtue. The fifth fairy gave the Princess the gift of happiness and wisdom. The sixth fairy gave the Princess the gift of kindness. After the six fairies blessed the Princess with their gifts,the evil fairy suddenly appeared.  She was angry and wanted to show her spite for not having been invited to the royal ball. Without hesitation, she called out in a loud voice,"When the Princess is sixteen years old, the Princess shall prick her finger on the spindle of the spinning wheel and she shall fall down dead!" Then without another word, she turned and left the hall. The guests were horrified and the Queen fell to the floor sobbing, but the seventh fairy whose wish was still not spoken, quietly stepped forward. Her magic could not remove the curse, but she could soften it so she said,"Nay,the Princess shall not die, but instead she shall fall into a deep sleep that will last one hundred years and a handsome young Prince with a kind heart shall wake her with an enchanted kiss of true everlasting love and the spell will be broken." Many years had passed,the promises of the fairies came true,one by one. The Princess grew to be a very,very beautiful,alluring,graceful and charming young lady. On the day of her sixteenth birthday,while the Princess was wandering into the castle,she entered the tower of the castle. When she reached the top of the tower,she enters a room where she finds an old peddler woman spinning thread with a spinning wheel. The spinning wheel causes the Princess to be curious and she begs to be allowed to try it. The old woman was really the wicked fairy in disguise. The Princess accidentally pricked her finger on the spindle of the spinning wheel and she fell to the floor in an enchanted deep sleep When the seven good fairies saw the Princess lying down on the floor in a deep sleep,they laid the sleeping Princess on a bed of rosy-red roses,in the highest tower. They cast a powerful spell on the people in the castle,causing them to fall in a deep sleep until the spell on their princess is broken. Round the castle a hedge of brier


"The modern British period of history called ""The Winter of Discontent"" began when?"

1978-1979: Winter of discontent Home 1978-1979: Winter of discontent A short history of the of the widespread strike movement that occurred during the winter of 1978-1979 in Britain. The 'Winter of Discontent' marked the largest stoppage of labour since the 1926 General Strike . The factors that provoked the widespread stoppage of work by thousands of British workers in the winter of 1978-79 began with the Labour government of James Callaghan's attempt to enforce limits on pay rises to curb inflation. Inflation had reached a height of nearly 26.9% in August 1975. In the same year Harold Wilson's Labour government, wanting to avoid increasingly large levels of unemployment agreed a voluntary incomes policy with the TUC that would cap pay increases for workers at limits set by the government. The government announced a limit on wage rises of £6 per week for all workers earning under £8,500 a year on July 11 and the TUC general council soon voted in favour of the proposals. Further limits on pay increases were proposed by the government through 1976 and in July of 1977 it was announced that free collective bargaining between employers and unions would be slowly phased back in. Wishing to avoid a "free-for-all" rush for pay increases by the unions, the government allowed the return of collective bargaining to happen only with the agreement of the unions to continue with wage increase limits agreed in 1976 and a promise not to reopen any increase agreements made from previous policy, which the TUC agreed to. Inflation had more than halved by 1978, however, the government continued its policy and in July 1978 introduced a new limit of 5% on wage increases. Surprising the TUC , who had expected the pay limits to end, the 5% policy was overwhelmingly rejected by the general council and the immediate return to free collective bargaining was pushed for. An announcement was made by James Callaghan in September that an expected general election was not to be called, instead it was chosen to hold it the following year to allow the economy to stabilise. The spark that began the wave of industrial action that was to hit the UK in the following months was lit by the workers at Ford Motors. In September a pay increase was set by the company within the allotted 5% designated by the government and was wholeheartedly rejected by the workers. A strike began when 15,000 Ford workers walked off the job on September 22 and by September 26 had been joined by 57,000 others, leaving 23 Ford factories up and down the country empty. Still an 'unofficial' strike by early October, the Transport and General Workers Union (TGWU) , fearing the level of rank and file control over the day to day running of the strike, decided to support it on October 5. The workers' demands of a 25% pay increase and 35 hour week were made official and negotiations with Ford commenced. After several weeks the TGWU agreed on a 17% pay increase, the idea of a shortening of hours having been completely dropped, and urged the strikers to return to work on November 22, which they did. When it became obvious in mid-November that Ford was going to offer a pay deal over the 5% limit, government- TUC negotiations commenced in order to be able to work out a concrete agreement on pay policy in an attempt to halt further strikes. A weak policy was worked out, but the vote became deadlocked at the TUC general council and was rejected. The government attempted to impose sanctions on Ford for breach of the pay policy soon after the deal had been struck with the union. Callaghan narrowly won a motion of confidence after the sanctions had been heavily amended in Parliament and accepted that they could not be imposed. This effectively made the government powerless to enforce the 5% limit of pay increase, leaving the door open for more strikes in private industry and later in the public sector. Next to take action were the lorry drivers. Following the initiative of BP and Esso tanker drivers who had begun to refuse to work overtime in support of a 40% pay increase, all TGWU drivers struck on


Which part of the body would be treated if the patient was suffering from lumbago?

Lumbago Lumbago What   are the future prospects? What is lumbago? Lumbago is a general term  used to describe pain in the lumbar region, or lower back. It is defined as  a mild to severe pain or discomfort in the area of the lower back. Ranging in  severity from acute (i.e. sudden and severe) to chronic (if it has lasted for  more than three months) lumbago can occur in any age group, but is common among  younger people who engage in hard physical work and also among people of retirement  age. What  are the symptoms of lumbago? If you are suffering from  lumbago, some or all of the following symptoms may be present: Mild to severe pain across   the lower part of the back which sometimes travels into the buttocks, the   groin area or down into the back of the thigh. This pain is usually aggravated   by movement. A stiff neck, which is   caused by the muscles surrounding the spine going into spasm. Difficulty in bending   forward and leaning back. Again this is caused by spasms in the muscles surrounding   the spine. There may be a change   in posture (e.g. leaning to one side) due to the severe pain and spasms in   the lower back. There may sometimes be   a tingling sensation or a feeling of numbness in the back, buttocks or down   along one or both legs. What  causes it? Identifying the exact cause  of lumbago is very difficult. It can be caused by a variety of conditions such  as a slipped disc, scoliosis (deformation of the natural curvature of the spine),  osteoporosis (brittle bone disease) or, more rarely, by tumours or infection  in the spinal area. It is usually only possible to pinpoint the exact cause  of lumbago in about 30% of cases. The majority of those where another cause  is not found are believed to be due to muscle sprain. What  are the warning signs? The main warning signs to  look out for, and which warrant urgent investigation by your GP, are: A sudden inability to   control bladder or bowel movements. A feeling of numbness   or tingling in the area of the lower back, buttocks or legs. A dull, aching pain in   the lower back which is accompanied by reduced strength or muscle bulk in   one or both legs. How  is lumbago diagnosed? In the majority of cases,  your GP will be able to diagnose the problem on the basis of the information  supplied by you, the patient. It is seldom necessary to take X-rays, scans or  blood tests unless your GP feels there is a more serious underlying cause for  the pain. Can  lumbago be treated at home? There are a number  of practical steps which can be taken at home to reduce back pain. These include: The use of painkillers   or anti-inflammatory tablets to relieve the pain and relax the muscles. Staying active. Resting   for long periods of time is not helpful for those with back pain, so it is   important to get on with your life within the limits of your pain. Gentle exercise is beneficial,   especially swimming in a warm swimming pool. Developing good posture   and having a firm, supportive chair and your worktop / desk at the correct   height. Resting and sleeping   on a very firm, flat surface (some people actually sleep on the floor!). Lumbago or backache is   very rarely caused by a serious illness and will usually right itself within   a matter of days or weeks, so try not to get too anxious or upset about it. But  what if my lumbago is chronic? Chronic lumbago is defined  as backache which has persisted for more than three months, and obviously this  type of pain will have an effect on your life. It is difficult to ascertain  what type of treatment is most suitable for chronic back pain, but a range of  treatments will probably be applied in the hope that one will succeed in relieving  the pain. Unfortunately, some patients fail to find long-lasting relief from  chronic back pain for a number of reasons. Treatments which  may be helpful include physiotherapy, a graded exercise programme and swimming.  Some people with chronic l


"Which 18th century self-taught Liverpudlian, who studied human anatomy and spent 18 months dissecting horses, is best known for his paintings of horses (such as ""Whistlejacket""), sometimes accompanied by hounds, and of animals such as lions, tigers, giraffes, monkeys, and rhinoceroses?"

George Stubbs - RenownedArt George Stubbs Prints George Stubbs (born in Liverpool on August 25, 1724 � died in London July 10, 1806) was a British painter, best known for his paintings of horses. Stubbs was the son of a currier. Information on his life up to age thirty-five is sparse, relying almost entirely on notes made by fellow artist Ozias Humphry towards the end of Stubbs's life. Stubbs was briefly apprenticed to a Lancashire painter and engraver named Hamlet Winstanley, but soon left as he objected to the work of copying to which he was set. Thereafter as an artist he was self-taught. In the 1740s he worked as a portrait painter in the North of England and from about 1745 to 1751 he studied human anatomy at York County Hospital. He had had a passion for anatomy from his childhood, and one of his earliest surviving works is a set of illustrations for a textbook on midwifery which was published in 1751. In 1755 Stubbs visited Italy. Forty years later he told Ozias Humphry that his motive for going to Italy was, "to convince himself that nature was and is always superior to art whether Greek or Roman, and having renewed this conviction he immediately resolved upon returning home". Later in the 1750s he rented a farmhouse in Lincolnshire and spent 18 months dissecting horses. He moved to London in about 1759 and in 1766 published The anatomy of the Horse. The original drawings are now in the collection of the Royal Academy. Even before his book was published, Stubbs's drawings were seen by leading aristocratic patrons, who recognised that his work was more accurate than that of earlier horse painters such as James Seymour and John Wootton. In 1759 the 3rd Duke of Richmond commissioned three large pictures from him, and his career was soon secure. By 1763 he had produced works for several more dukes and other lords and was able to buy a house in Marylebone, a fashionable part of London, where he lived for the rest of his life. His most famous work is probably Whistlejacket, a painting of a prancing horse commissioned by the 3rd Marquess of Rockingham, which is now in the National Gallery in London. This and two other paintings carried out for Rockingham break with convention in having plain backgrounds. Throughout the 1760s he produced a wide range of individual and group portraits of horses, sometimes accompanied by hounds. He often painted horses with their grooms, whom he always painted as individuals. Meanwhile he also continued to accept commissions for portraits of people, including some group portraits. From 1761 to 1776 he exhibited at the Society of Artists, but in 1775 he switched his allegiance to the recently founded but already more prestigious Royal Academy. Stubbs also painted more exotic animals including lions, tigers, giraffes, monkeys, and rhinoceroses, which he was able to observe in private menageries. He became preoccupied with the theme of a wild horse threatened by a lion and produced several variations on this theme. These and other works became well known at the time through engravings of Stubbs's work, which appeared in increasing numbers in the 1770s and 1780s. Stubbs also painted historical pictures, but these are much less well regarded. From the late 1760s he produced some work on enamel. In the 1770s Josiah Wedgwood developed a new and larger type of enamel panel at Stubbs's request. Also in the 1770s he painted single portraits of dogs for the first time, while also receiving an increasing number of commissions to paint hunts with their packs of hounds. He remained active into his old age. In the 1780s he produced a pastoral series called Haymakers and Reapers, and in the early 1790s he enjoyed the patronage of the Prince of Wales, whom he painted on horseback in 1791. His last project, begun in 1795, was A comparative anatomical exposition of the structure of the human body with that of a tiger and a common fowl, engravings from which appeared between 1804 and 1806. Stubbs's son George Townly Stubbs was an engraver and printmaker.


In basketball, what is the offence of running with the ball called?

* Offense (Basketball) - Definition,meaning - Online Encyclopedia set up in a 2-3 set guards must pass before defense collaspes on them and puts press ure on them ... Set Offense s Though most teams would prefer to play the up-tempo, fast- break transition game that personifies today's basketball , the " Set Play " is the staple of the game. Set play s use teamwork and screen ing actions in an effort to create good shots. Flex offense Jump to: navigation, search The Flex offense is an offensive strategy in basketball developed in the 1970s. It is a patterned offense relying on cuts across the key (called a " flex cut ") and down screen s to create a " pick -the-picker" action. Flex Offense - This pattern play basketball offense is simple to teach and offers us a second man-to-man offense for us to run if we need structure. Zone Offense - Gap Penetration Try to get some GAP PENETRATION . Dribble into a gap, dish to the basket or kick out to a shooter . Look to pass to where the defender comes from. The second time a player touch es the ball on a possession is a good time to look for this type of dribble penetration . Early Offense - Continuity Continuity The final step of "Early Offense" is the continuity of the quick push throughout the game until the end of the game. Press Offense Press offense is part of the larger topic " Transition Offense". Also, see "Attacking the Full-Court Press ", which discusses important principles common to attacking any press defense . The offense is designed as an inside attack; however, when the defense adjusts, easy outside shot s with good rebounding position becomes readily available. Pau Gasol shows off his championship ring. Basketball Offense - Development through Knowledge & Understanding ... Better 1 On 1 Offense teaches you how to quickly read the defense , react immediately so you can use the most effective move possible to help you score. This 3 1/2 hour DVD contain s 8 chapters of detailed techniques to help you improve your game dramatically. better basketball alan stein hardwood hustle Basketball Podcast Adam Bradley coaching basketball rick torbett basketball offense player development stronger team read and react point guard college Adjustments Positionless Basketball Basketball Roles High School Basketball Read & ... Filed Under: Plays Tagged With: blazers offense, out of bounds plays, portland trailblazers Recent Posts Offense and Defense Offense: Basketball is played at a quick tempo between two goals at opposite ends of the court . Teams design and select plays created out of 10 general formations, and strategies are determined by coaches' preference and the players' skills. Offense and Defense Basic offensive skills are passing , ball handling, rebounding , and shooting . Passing the basketball is the fastest and often most efficient way of advancing the ball . Offense - the team with possession of the ball . Offensive rebound - a rebound by a player who is on offense. Officials - the people on the court wearing black and white striped shirts who control and officiate the game. Offense There aren't usually any youth basketball rules regulating the type of offense a team can run . Offensive plays should be kept very simple and focus on the basics of passing , ... Offense: The team with possession of the ball . Offensive rebound : Rebound by a player of the team in possession of the ball . Officials : The referee s who rule the game, stop and start play, and impose penalties for violations and fouls. Offense: The team that has possession of the basketball . Also, a structured pattern of play that a team uses while attempting to score. A rebound of a team's own missed shot . OFFENSE is the team, or any player of the team, at bat. An OUTFIELDER is a fielder who occupies a position in the outfield, which is the area of the playing field most distant from home base. Offense - The team with the ball . Offensive rebound - A rebound by a player on offense. Officials - Also called referee s, they're in charge of controlling the game. 1. OFFENSE Jot down the various sets and patt


Which Wonder of the Ancient World begun in 356 BC at Ephesus under the direction of Dinocrates took over a century to build?

Full text of "Ephesus" See other formats Google   This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project  to make the world's books discoverable online.  It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject  to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books  are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that's often difficult to discover.  Marks, notations and other maiginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book's long journey from the  publisher to a library and finally to you.  Usage guidelines  Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. Public domain books belong to the public and we are merely their custodians. Nevertheless, this work is expensive, so in order to keep providing tliis resource, we liave taken steps to prevent abuse by commercial parties, including placing technical restrictions on automated querying. We also ask that you:  + Make non-commercial use of the files We designed Google Book Search for use by individuals, and we request that you use these files for personal, non-commercial purposes.  + Refrain fivm automated querying Do not send automated queries of any sort to Google's system: If you are conducting research on machine translation, optical character recognition or other areas where access to a large amount of text is helpful, please contact us. We encourage the use of public domain materials for these purposes and may be able to help.  + Maintain attributionTht GoogXt "watermark" you see on each file is essential for in forming people about this project and helping them find additional materials through Google Book Search. Please do not remove it.  + Keep it legal Whatever your use, remember that you are responsible for ensuring that what you are doing is legal. Do not assume that just because we believe a book is in the public domain for users in the United States, that the work is also in the public domain for users in other countries. Whether a book is still in copyright varies from country to country, and we can't offer guidance on whether any specific use of any specific book is allowed. Please do not assume that a book's appearance in Google Book Search means it can be used in any manner anywhere in the world. Copyright infringement liabili^ can be quite severe.  About Google Book Search  Google's mission is to organize the world's information and to make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers discover the world's books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web  at |http: //books .google .com/I M^   EPHESUS,   AND   THE TEMPLE OF DIANA.   EPHESUS,   THE TEMPLE OF DIANA.   EDWARD FALKENEB.   LONDON:  DAY & SON, GATE STREET, LINCOLN'S-INN FIELDS,  LITHOGRAPHERfi TO THE QUEEN.  18C2.   Jloo ■ a   ■L^-J^-   PREFACE.     N looking over my portfolios of drawings taken in Asia Minor seventeen years ago, it occurred to me that those troftj^^^^^^so noble a city as Ephesus might not.4:)feun^i^^ to the public.  The plans and dramhgs hd^ exhibited will show   that the limited period of one fortnight, a long period to stop in so unhealthy a spot, must have been greatly occupied in measuring and drawing, without giving much time for more general re- searches. Even had I stayed longer, I should not have been in a position to direct my investigations to many points which I should have felt imperative after writing my monograph. Many things, of course, can be described only after seeing the remains ; but very many, and generally points of greatest interest.   •   ft   VI PEEFACE.  requir


Before she was a Member of Parliament, what was Margaret Thatcher's occupation?

Margaret Thatcher, British Prime Minister 1979 - 1990 first woman prime minister of the United Kingdom dismantling nationalized industries and social services, weakening union power first woman prime minister in Europe first in-office prime minister in the UK removed on a vote of their own party ally of US Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush Dates:  October 13 , 1925 - April 8, 2013  Also known as: Maggie Thatcher, the Iron Lady, Margaret Hilda Roberts Thatcher Occupation: politician, research chemist Learn more: Margaret Thatcher Quotes Roots Born Margaret Hilda Roberts to a solidly middle class family—neither rich nor poor—in the small town of Grantham, noted for manufacturing railroad equipment. Margaret's father Alfred Roberts was a grocer and her mother Beatrice a homemaker and dressmaker. Alfred Roberts had left school to support his family. Margaret had one sibling, an older sister Muriel, born in 1921. The family lived in a 3-story brick building, with the grocery on the first floor. continue reading below our video 10 Facts About the Titanic That You Don't Know The girls worked in the store, and the parents took separate vacations so that the store could always be open. Alfred Roberts was also a local leader: a lay Methodist preacher, a member of the Rotary Club, an alderman and the town's mayor. Margaret's parents had been liberals who, between the two world wars, voted conservative. Grantham, an industrial city, experienced heavy bombing during World War II. Margaret attended Grantham Girls' School, where she focused on science and math. By age 13, she already had expressed her goal of becoming a member of Parliament. From 1943 to 1947, Margaret attended Somerville College, Oxford, where she received her degree in chemistry . She taught during summers to supplement her partial scholarship. She was also active in conservative political circles at Oxford; from 1946 to 1947, she was the president of the University Conservative Association. Winston Churchill was her hero. Early Political and Personal Life After college, she went to work as a research chemist, working for two different companies in the developing plastics industry. She stayed involved in politics, going to the Conservative Party Conference in 1948 representing Oxford graduates. In 1950 and 1951, she unsuccessfully stood for election to represent Dartford in North Kent, running as a Tory for a safe Labour seat. As a very young woman running for office, she received media attention for these campaigns. During this time, she met Denis Thatcher, a director of his family's paint company. Denis came from more wealth and power than Margaret had; he had also been briefly married during World War II before divorcing. Margaret and Denis were married on December 13, 1951. Margaret studied law from 1951 to 1954, specializing in tax law. She later wrote that she was inspired by a 1952 article, "Wake Up, Women," to pursue a full life with both family and a career. In 1953, she took the Bar Finals, and gave birth to twins, Mark and Carol, six weeks prematurely, in August. From 1954 to 1961, Margaret Thatcher was in private law practice as a barrister, specializing in tax and patent law. From 1955 to 1958, she tried, unsuccessfully, several times to be selected as a Tory candidate for MP. Member of Parliament In 1959, Margaret Thatcher was elected to a rather safe seat in Parliament , becoming the Conservative MP for Finchley, a suburb north of London. With Finchley's large Jewish population, Margaret Thatcher developed a long-term association with conservative Jews and support for Israel. She was one of 25 women in the House of Commons, but she received more attention than most because she was the youngest. Her childhood dream of becoming an MP was achieved. Margaret put her children in boarding school. From 1961 to 1964, having left her private law practice, Margaret took the minor office in Harold Macmillan's government of Joint Parliamentary Secretary for the Ministry of Pensions and National Insurance. In 1965, her husband Denis became the director


Which country was divided at the 17th parallel in 1954?

Vietnam | Define Vietnam at Dictionary.com Vietnam [vee-et-nahm, -nam, vyet-, vee-it-] /viˌɛtˈnɑm, -ˈnæm, ˌvyɛt-, ˌvi ɪt-/ Spell noun 1. Official name Socialist Republic of Vietnam. a country in SE Asia, comprising the former states of Annam, Tonkin, and Cochin-China: formerly part of French Indochina; divided into North Vietnam and South Vietnam during the Vietnam War but now reunified. 126,104 sq. mi. (326,609 sq. km). Capital: Hanoi. Examples from the Web for Vietnam Expand Contemporary Examples More than a decade after she left her mother behind in Saigon, Carina returned to Vietnam to help bring her parents to America. Remembering the Fall of Saigon and Vietnam’s Mass ‘Boat People’ Exodus Katie Baker April 29, 2014 I was taken into one by Maurice, a gnarled old Vietnam vet in a wooly hat. When a Picture Is Too Powerful Jeff Greenfield September 14, 2014 Historical Examples Americans, I believe, are united in the hope that the Paris talks will bring an early peace to Vietnam. British Dictionary definitions for Vietnam Expand noun 1. a republic in SE Asia: an ancient empire, conquered by France in the 19th century; occupied by Japan (1940–45) when the Communist-led Vietminh began resistance operations that were continued against restored French rule after 1945. In 1954 the country was divided along the 17th parallel, establishing North Vietnam (under the Vietminh) and South Vietnam (under French control), the latter becoming the independent Republic of Vietnam in 1955. From 1959 the country was dominated by war between the Communist Vietcong, supported by North Vietnam, and the South Vietnamese government; increasing numbers of US forces were brought to the aid of the South Vietnamese army until a peace agreement (1973) led to the withdrawal of US troops; further fighting led to the eventual defeat of the South Vietnamese government in March 1975 and in 1976 an elected National Assembly proclaimed the reunification of the country. Official language: Vietnamese. Religion: Buddhist majority. Currency: dong. Capital: Hanoi. Pop: 92 477 857 (2013 est). Area: 331 041 sq km (127 816 sq miles) Official name Socialist Republic of Vietnam Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for Vietnam Expand from Vietnamese Viet, the people's name + nam "south." Vietnam War attested by 1963. Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper Expand Vietnam [(vee-et-nahm, vee-et-nam)] Republic in Southeast Asia , bordered by Cambodia and Laos to the west, China to the north, and the South China Sea (an arm of the Pacific Ocean ) to the east and south. Note: Vietnam was under the control of France from the second half of the nineteenth century until World War II , when it was occupied by the Japanese. The country became an autonomous state in 1946. France's attempts to reassert control resulted in the French Indochina War (1946–1954), in which the French were defeated. Note: The Geneva Conference of 1954 divided Vietnam into North Vietnam, controlled by communists , and South Vietnam, controlled by noncommunists. Note: In the Vietnam War of 1954–1975, South Vietnam, which was aided by the United States, fought communist insurgents, who were aided by North Vietnam. The war ended when the communists overran the south in 1975. The country was reunified in 1976. Note: American involvement in the Vietnam War was strongly protested in the United States. Note: Great numbers of Vietnamese refugees, known as boat people, fled the country in the aftermath of the war. Note: Between 1978 and 1979, Vietnam invaded Cambodia and installed a puppet government. The American Heritage® New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition Copyright © 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.


Brief Histories of Beethoven Symphonies Brief Histories of Beethoven Symphonies Brief Histories of Beethoven Symphonies Hulton Archive/Getty Images Share By Aaron Green Beethoven remains as one of the most well known composers in the modern world. It is, no doubt, made possible by his ground breaking symphonies. Beethoven's symphonies number only nine; each one unique, each one preparing the way for the next. Beethovens most popular symphonies, No's. 3, 5, and 9, have graced the ears of millions of listeners. Their histories, for the most part, are known by many. However, what about the other six symphonies? Below you will find brief histories of all nine Beethoven symphonies. Beethoven Symphony No. 1, Op. 21, C Major Beethoven began writing Symphony No. 1 in 1799. It premiered April 2, 1800, in Vienna. Compared to other Beethoven symphonies, this symphony sounds the tamest. However, when it premiered, imagine how the audience reacted. After all, they were used to hearing the purely classical styles of Haydn and Mozart. They must have been shocked to hear the piece begin on a dissonant chord . Beethoven Symphony No. 2, Op. 36, D Major Beethoven laid the ground for this symphony at least three years before its completion in 1802. continue reading below our video Highest Paid Female Actors Ever This was a dramatic time for Beethoven as his hearing was quickly diminishing. Some believe the overall sunny nature of this symphony is Beethovens personal will to overcome his problem. Others believe the opposite: not every composer writes music set to their own inner-struggles; Beethoven was almost suicidal because of his hearing. Beethoven Symphony No. 3, Op. 55, E flat Major, Eroica The Eroica Symphony was first performed privately in early August, 1804. We know from discovered writings of Lobkowitz, one of Beethovens patrons, that the first public performance was on April 7, 1805 at the Theater-an-der-Wien in Vienna, Austria. It is clear that the performance was not as well accepted or understood as the composer would have liked. Harold Schonberg tells us that, Musical Vienna was divided on the merits of the Eroica. Some called it Beethovens masterpiece. Others said that the work merely illustrated a striving for originality that did not come off. Full Review: Beethoven "Eroica" Symphony Beethoven Symphony No. 4, Op. 60, B flat Major While Beethoven was composing his famous 5th Symphony, he set it aside to work on a symphonic commission he received from the Sicilian Count, Oppersdorff. Much is unknown why he set it aside; perhaps it was too heavy and dramatic for the Count's liking. As a result, Symphony No. 4, composed in 1806, became one of Beethovens lighter symphonies. Beethoven Symphony No. 5, Op. 67, C Minor Composed during 1804-08, Beethoven premiered Symphony No. 5 in Viennas Theater an der Wein on December 22, 1808. Beethovens Symphony No. 5 is by far the most well known symphony in the world. Its opening four notes are far from being indistinguishable. When Symphony No. 5 premiered, Beethoven also premiered Symphony No. 6, but in the actual concert program, the numbers of the symphonies were switched. Beethoven Symphony No. 6, Op. 68, F Major, Pastoral In the concert program in which it first premiered, Beethoven labeled Symphony No. 6 with the title Recollections of Country Life. Although many believe this symphony to house some of Beethovens most beautiful writing, the audience at its first performance was not too happy with it. I would probably agree with them after having heard Symphony No. 5 before it. However, Beethovens Pastoral Symphony remains popular and is played in symphony halls throughout the world. Beethoven Symphony No. 7, Op. 92, A Major Beethovens Symphony No. 7 was completed in 1812 and conducted its premier on December 8, 1813 in the University of Vienna. Beethovens Symphony No. 7 is widely viewed as a symphony of dance, where as, Wagner described it as the apotheosis of the dance. Its highly enjoyable, haunting 2nd movement was often most encored. Beethoven Symphony No. 8


Curling For Dummies Cheat Sheet - dummies Curling For Dummies Cheat Sheet Curling For Dummies Cheat Sheet Cheat Sheet By Bob Weeks Curling has a rich history with many traditions that continue to this day. Though the origins of curling are unclear, most people regard Scotland as curling’s birthplace. Today, curling is played around the world, largely thanks to its introduction into the Olympics in 1988. Because curling can seem complicated if you don’t know a lot about it, these articles help to explain the basics, from curling terminology and the roles of each position on a team, to how scoring and other elements of the game work, and why curling is such a great sport to play. Curling Match Terminology Curling, probably more than any other sport, has its own unique terminology (like hurry hard and burning a rock, among others). Here are the key curling words and phrases you need to know to blend in at your next bonspiel: Blank end: An end where no points are scored. Bonspiel: A tournament in which curlers compete. Burning a rock: A rules infraction that happens when a player touches a stone as it’s traveling down the sheet. Button: The very center of the target rings or house. Cashspiel: A tournament in which curlers compete for money. Delivery: The action of throwing a stone to the other end of the playing surface. Eight-ender: A perfect end where every one of the team’s stones scores a point. End: The way a curling game is divided. An end is like an inning in a baseball game. A curling game has either eight or ten ends. Gripper: The sole of one of your curling shoes. It helps you keep your footing on the ice. See slider. Hammer: The last rock of the end. Hack: The foothold in the ice you use to push off from when you deliver the stone. House: Also known as the rings, this is the name of the giant bull’s eye at either end of the sheet of ice. It consists of a set of concentric circles, called the 12-foot, 8-foot, 4-foot, and the Button. Hurry hard: A directive given to sweepers by the skip or third, to begin sweeping. Rink: A curling team; also the name of a curling facility Rock: Also known as a stone, the granite playing utensil that a curler delivers. Regular-sized rocks weigh approximately 44 pounds. Sheet: The frozen playing surface on which the game is played. Slider: The sole of one of your curling shoes. It helps you move or slide along the ice. Tee line: The line on the playing surface that runs through the middle of the house. Weight: The amount of force used to deliver a stone. The Members of a Curling Team In curling, the team you play on is called a rink. The rink is made up of four players: the lead, the second, the third (also called the vice, vice-skip, or mate), and the skip. Each player has specific duties: Lead: The lead throws the first two rocks of the end and then sweeps the next six. The lead must be very good at throwing guards and a strong sweeper. Second: The second throws the third and fourth stones of the end and should be strong at playing takeouts. The second sweeps the first two stones and then the final four of the end. The second and the lead need to be in sync when sweeping together. Third: The third (or mate or vice), who throws the fifth and sixth rocks of the end, must be good at all shots, but especially draws. It is the third’s job to set up the shots that will be thrown by the skip, and to help the skip discuss the strategy of the final two stones of the end. The third also posts the score at the conclusion of the end. Skip: The skip is the captain of the team and decides the strategy. It’s the skip’s job to tell the other players where to throw their shots and when to sweep. The skip also delivers the last two shots of the end. The skip must be good at all types of shots. Curling Game Basics What is this game of rocks and brooms all about? Curling is a sport in which two teams of four players each slide 40-pound granite rocks (also called stones) down a sheet of ice toward a target at the other end. Each team tries to get more of its stones closer to the center of the target tha


What arcade game, based on the concept of eating, was developed primarily by Tru Iwatani over the course of a year in 1979/80, with a nine-man team?

Pac Man - The Full Wiki The Full Wiki More info on Pac Man   Wikis Pinky (monster) Pac Man: Wikis Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn't yet, but we're working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . (Redirected to Pac-Man article) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the video game. For the Japanese manga and anime, see Pāman . For other uses, see Pac-Man (disambiguation) . Pac-Man Sound 1× Namco WSG (3-channel mono) @ 3.072  MHz Pac-Man (パックマン, Pakkuman?) is an arcade game developed by Namco and licensed for distribution in the U.S. by Midway , first released in Japan on May 22, 1980. [1] [2] Immensely popular in the United States from its original release to the present day, Pac-Man is universally considered as one of the classics of the medium, virtually synonymous with video games, and an icon of the 1980s popular culture . Upon its release, the game—and, subsequently, its derivatives —became a social phenomenon [6] that sold a bevy of merchandise and also inspired, among other things, an animated television series and a top-ten hit single . [7] When Pac-Man was released, most arcade video games in North America were primarily space shooters such as Space Invaders , Defender , or Asteroids . The most visible minority were sports games that were mostly derivative of Pong . Pac-Man succeeded by creating a new genre and appealing to both genders. [8] Pac-Man is often credited with being a landmark in video game history, and is among the most famous arcade games of all time. [9] The character also appears in more than 30 officially licensed game spin-offs, [10] as well as in numerous unauthorized clones and bootlegs. [11] According to the Davie-Brown Index , Pac-Man has the highest brand awareness of any video game character among American consumers, recognized by 94 percent of them. [12] Contents Gameplay North American Pac-Man title screen, showing the official ghost names. The player controls Pac-Man through a maze, eating pac-dots. When all dots are eaten, Pac-Man is taken to the next stage. Four ghosts (Blinky, Pinky, Inky and Clyde) roam the maze, trying to catch Pac-Man. If a ghost touches Pac-Man, a life is lost. When all lives have been lost, the game ends. Pac-Man is awarded a single bonus life at 10,000 points by default— DIP switches inside the machine can change the required points or disable the bonus life altogether. Near the corners of the maze are four larger, flashing dots known as power pellets that provide Pac-Man with the temporary ability to eat the ghosts. The ghosts turn deep blue, reverse direction, and usually move more slowly when Pac-Man eats a power pellet. When a ghost is eaten, its eyes remain and return to the ghost home where it is regenerated in its normal color. Blue ghosts flash white before they become dangerous again and the amount of time the ghosts remain vulnerable varies from one board to the next, but the time period generally becomes shorter as the game progresses. In later stages, the ghosts do not change colors at all, but still reverse direction when a power pellet is eaten. In addition to Pac-dots and power pellets, bonus items, usually referred to as fruits (though not all items are fruits) appear near the center of the maze. These items score extra bonus points when eaten. The items change and bonus values increase throughout the game. Also, a series of intermissions play after certain levels toward the beginning of the game, showing a humorous set of interactions (the first being after level 2) between Pac-Man and Blinky (the red ghost). Ghosts Initially, Pac-Man's enemies were referred to as monsters on the arcade cabinet, but soon became colloquially known as ghosts. The ghosts are bound by the maze in the same way as Pac-Man, but generally move slightly faster than the player, although they slow down when turning corners and slow down significantly while passing through the tunnels on the sides of the maze (Pac-Man passes through these tunnels un


What Christian church observes The Sabbath on Saturday?

Sabbath Keeping Churches - Sabbath Keeping Denominations Select this link to find out how to keep the Sabbath Holy . To find all the excuses and the misunderstandings that Satan has sown into peoples minds, select God's Sabbath and Antichrist Truth . Finding a Sabbath keeping Church Note firstly that a more comprehensive list of Sabbath keeping Churches than what is provided below can be purchased from “The Bible Sabbath Association.” Their book contains the different Church branches, addresses and phone numbers as well as other information about the Churches. The list of Sabbath keeping Churches below is not complete as there is now well over 500 different denominations that have discovered the truth about this forgotten Commandment that was lost in the dark ages, and the list is growing larger by the day. We will continue to update this list from time to time and add to it accordingly. If your Sabbath keeping denomination is not on this list, please advise us and we will add it. Please Note: We cannot vouch for the accuracy of the Biblical teaching from any of the denominations listed below. Some of these Churches are known to still keep the various feast Holy days that were nailed to the cross. For more information see the Ten Commandments and the ceremonial law or Colossians 2:16. Some of the largest Sabbath keeping Churches would be the Seventh Day Baptist, Seventh-day Adventist, Church of God and the United Church of God but this last one still unnecessarily keeps the feast days that ended at the cross. Here is their Church locator but I do not recommend them because of their wrong teachings on the feasts among other things. The Seventh-day Adventist Church understands Bible prophecy better than any other Churches I have investigated but they are attacked by people more fiercely then you can ever imagine. I have not been able to substantiate any of the rumours or attacks on this Church and they seem to be deliberate attacks inspired by Satan himself because they prove to be a huge threat to him. I often found the Christian web sites attacking to be ex-Adventists that did not understand something so decided to turn on the whole Church instead and condemn it. Satan seems to be good at doing that so you will need to decide for yourself. Here is their Church locator if interested. There is not much I can tell you about the other Churches. WARNING: The most accurate of these Churches is the one that has the most criticisms and attacks coming against it. Never underestimate the ability of the enemy to make a Church with the most Biblical truth and the best understanding on Bible Prophecy to be labelled falsely as a cult. It should be obvious to us that Satan will attack truth the hardest and has no trouble finding those he can deceive to accomplish his task very convincingly. To find the most Biblically accurate Church, you will need to personally do your own research and not just read web sites. The exception to this would be reading the web site that belongs to the Church to find out what they believe and compare this against the Word of God. Even this can be challenging as some of the things that you may assume to be wrong may in fact be right. The link below on finding the remnant Church shows what the early Church taught and believed and will help greatly. If you see nothing else here, please note the following: What is truth is not always popular and what is popular is not always truth. The Church with the most truth will more often than not be the Church with the most people and web sites attacking it. It is interesting to note that the biggest and most Biblically inaccurate Church, which is none other than mystery Babylon (Revelation 17) and a woman riding a beast (a woman in prophecy is a Church) that has the blood of millions of Christian saints on her hands has almost nothing coming against it. Why is this so? Satan attacks the Church with the most truth with the equivalent fire power of Hydrogen bombs and almost all Christians just believe these attacks like they are Gospel truth without researching to find o


"Whose alter egos have included Ziggy Stardust, Aladdin Sane and ""The Thin Whte Duke""?"

David Bowie: singer's pale appearance reignites health fears - Telegraph Celebrity news David Bowie: singer's pale appearance reignites health fears He used to be known for his flamboyant outfits and outrageous personas, but  David Bowie now cuts a pale shadow of his former self. David Bowie has been almost invisible since suffering a heart attack in 2004 Photo: REX FEATURES/SPLASH NEWS 8:09AM BST 18 Oct 2012 The reclusive singer has been pictured in New York on a rare public outing dressed in grey cap and hooded top, bearing little resemblance to the fashion icon of the 1970s. Bowie, 65, whose alter egos have included the alien-like Ziggy Stardust and the dapper thin white duke, lives in a large Lower-Manhattan apartment with his ex-model wife Iman and daughter Lexi. He was pictured picking up a takeaway lunch from the Italian Bottega Falai Café in New York. Rumours about the health of the former heavy smoker and drug addict have been circulating ever since his ill fated 2004 tour. The problems began with an incident in Norway when a fan threw a lollipop that hit Bowie in the eye, causing him to storm offstage. Related Articles David Bowie and Mick Jagger's long-rumoured love affair revealed in new book 10 Jul 2012 A few days later, he cut short another performance, believing he had pinched a nerve in his shoulder. The muscle pain was due to a clogged coronary artery and at his next gig, in Scheeßel, Germany, he delivered a final encore of Ziggy, went backstage and collapsed. Since recuperating from the heart surgery, Bowie has reduced his musical output, making only one-off appearances on stage and in the studio. He attended the opening of his son Duncan Jones' film Moon in 2009 but has made few public appearances since. He resurfaced earlier this year in order to distance himself from an exhibition at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London. More than 60 of the singer’s classic stage outfits, among them his Ziggy Stardust space-traveller suits and the oversized Yamamoto kabuki ensemble, went on view along with hundreds of artefacts including handwritten lyrics and artwork. Responding to an erroneous report that he would be the co-curator of the show, the polymorphic rocker took to Facebook to deny any direct involvement. “Contrary to recently published reports relating to the announcement by the V&A of an forthcoming David Bowie Exhibition,” he stated, “I am not a co-curator and did not participate in any decisions relating to the exhibition". He has not released a studio album for nine years or performed live since 2006. A controversial biography 'Mick: the Wild Life and Mad Genius of Jagger', released earlier this year by author Christopher Andersen alleged that Mick Jagger and David Bowie were once lovers in the 1970s. “He has consciously dropped out of sight,” said Paul Trynka, author of a well-received Bowie biography, Starman, published last year.


"What region covers most of the ""toe"" of ""the boot of Italy""?"

Beaches and Seaside Towns of Calabria, Southern Italy Beaches and Seaside Towns of Calabria Beaches and Seaside Towns of Calabria Where to Go on the Coast of Calabria, the Toe of the Boot Francecso/Moment Open/Getty Images By  Michelle Fabio Updated January 07, 2016. Calabria offers some of the cleanest and most pristine beaches in Italy. Over 500 miles (800 km) of coast line nearly surround the Calabria region , the toe of the boot. Find out what to expect at Italian beaches with these Tips for Going to the Beach in Italy . Tyrrhenian Coast of Calabria Calabria's Tyrrhenian coast features spectacular rocky cliffs interspersed with fine white sand. Capo Vaticano and Tropea are the most popular tourist destinations along this coast and both have Italian language schools. Tropea's beaches are consistently rated some of the cleanest in Italy. Both are achingly quaint villages full of historical sites, shops, restaurants, and lodging in addition to their glorious beaches. Pizzo is another notable town nearby, famous for its Chiesa di Piedigrotta, a church completely carved out of the tufo rock near the beach, and for tartufo, an ice cream celebrated with a festival in Pizzo every August. Diamante is a fishing village known for its catches, beautiful beaches, and annual Peperoncino Festival in September celebrating the spicy hot chile pepper featured in many Calabrian dishes. continue reading below our video Before Your Road Trip, Watch This Scalea is another popular resort. The beaches that crowd in the summer highlight this old town, but it also has a charming city center spread over a series of steps, from where it gets its name. The area of Scalea lies within the territory of the old Greek coastal colonies of ancient Sybaris and archaeologists have found many prehistoric artifacts here. Along the Tyrrehenian Coast you'll also find Palmi, the home of La Casa della Cultura Leonida Repaci with a collection of pottery and paintings and the Museo Calabrese di Etnografie e Folklore, a superb collection of Calabrian folklore items. About 3 miles south of Palmi is the Monte Sant'Elia (the first peak of the Aspromonte Mountains) from which you'll enjoy the breathtakingly best view of Sicily and the Calabrian Coast - the plains of the Poro, the Gulf of Gioia, the rock of Scilla, the Sicilian coast, and the peak of Stròmboli's volcano. According to Homer in The Odyssey, Scilla's amazing cliffs were home to the six-headed sea monster Scylla who terrorized ships passing through; the other danger mentioned is Charybdis, a whirlpool in the Strait of Messina. The currents of the strait, which can indeed become quite fierce, are said to be controlled by the temperament of Aeolis (of the nearby Aeolian Islands). Local lore says that mermaids still live in these waves. More tangible things to see in Scilla include its 17th century castle, Castello Ruffo, which sits above the beaches. Near the castle is Chiesa di Maria S.S. Immacolata with a renowned altar and fourteen bronze sculptures of Jesus. Ionian Coast of Calabria The Ionian coast has calmer waters than the Tyrrehenian Coast, but just as impressive cliffs and stretches of sand. Less developed and often less crowded than its Tyrrhenian counterpart, the Ionian proffers numerous historical and archaeological treats including Le Castella's Aragonese castle and Capo Colonna's sole remaining column of the once magnificent ancient temple of Hera Lacinia. Soverato and Siderno are both hubs of activity on the Ionian Coast with many qualities of modern cities. They get quite crowded with northern Italian and other European tourists in summer. For those who love medieval villages, the best preserved ones can be found in Stilo, Gerace, and Badolato. Stilo features the impressive La Cattolica, a 10th century, brick-built Byzantine church with five tile-covered domes. Gerace is reputed to have been founded in the 9th century by refugees of nearby Locri (a great stop for those who love archaeological digs) looking to escape the pervasive danger of invading Saracens. It's said that a sparrowhawk led


Bigfoot, a supposedly large, hairy, bipedal humanoid which lives in forests in the Northwest of North America, is also known as what?

Bigfoot - The Dark Side of the NET The Dark Side of the NET Jenny Chau Leave a comment The Bigfoot, also known as the Sasquatch, is one of the most well-known cryptic in history. It is an ape-like hominid creature that reputedly lives in the forests of the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Numerous eyewitnesses claim that the Bigfoot is large, hairy, bipedal humanoid covered in fur. They stand approximately 6 to 10 feet tall and weighs 500 pounds. While most scientists discount the existence of such a creature, many cryptozoologists and eyewitnesses stand by their beliefs based on purported evidence of footprints, photographs, and video footages. Those who allegedly encountered the Bigfoot claims that they emit strong and unpleasant odor. Their feet is supposedly as large as 24 inches long and 8 inches wide. Some casts of footprints alleging to belong to the Bigfoot shows that they have up to six toes. Some tracks show that they have two toes. Proponents of Bigfoot claims that it is a harmless, omnivorous creature that exists nocturnally. Source:


Gordon Bennett, a leading figure on the world stage in the 19th century, made his substantial fortune in what field?

James Gordon Bennett (1795-1872) - mrlincolnandnewyork.org James Gordon Bennett (1795-1872) Visit our other Lehrman Sites: Questions? Home › New Yorkers › James Gordon Bennett (1795-1872) James Gordon Bennett Badgering Abraham Lincoln News from the States A Civil War cartoon showing James Gordon Bennett as an American Indian embellished with the Stars and Stripes James Gordon Bennett, Jr. New York Herald James Gordon Bennett was trouble. Early in his career, he had horsewhipped a fellow editor, James Watson Webb of the Courier and Enquirer. He had also been horsewhipped by Democratic politician Dan Sickles as Bennett’s wife looked on helplessly. But more often, James Gordon Bennett delivered horsewhipping with his pen. Bennett was a gentleman within the confines of his Fort Washington home, far from his newspaper’s offices on Broadway, across from St. Paul’s Chapel. As a publisher, Bennett was erratic but influential. Indeed, Bennett was a publishing phenomenon who could be ignored only a politician’s peril. According to English journalist Edward Dickey, the Herald was “a power in the country; and though it can do little to make or mar established reputations, yet it has great opportunities of pushing a new man forward in public life, or of keeping him back; and such opportunities as it has, it uses unscrupulously.” But added Dicey, who visited America in 1861, “The real cause…of the Herald‘s permanent success, I believe to be very simple. It gives the most copious, if not the most accurate, news of any American journal. It is conducted with more energy, and probably more capital; and also, on common topics, on which it prejudices or its interests are not concerned, it is written with a rough common sense, which often reminds me of the Times. It has too, to use a french word, the flaire of journalism.”1 Bennett’s journalistic contemporary Charles A. Dana wrote that he was “in many respects the most brilliant, original, and independent journalist I have ever known. Cynical in disposition, regarding every institution, every man, and every party with a degree of satirical disrespect, living through his protracted career in this city with very few friends, and those generally of a mental caliber inferior to his own, ready to affront alike the interests, the prejudices, and the passions of powerful individuals, or imposing parties with a judgment always inclining to be eccentric, and a lawless humor for which nothing was sacred except his own independent, he yet possessed such fresh and peculiar wit, such originality of style, such resources of out-of-the-way reading and learning, such unexpected and surprising views of every subject, such the collection of news, and to employ those able to organize and push that business, that he made himself the most influential journalist of his day; and in spite of enmities and animosities and contempt such as I have never seen equalled towards any man, he built up the Herald to be the leading newspaper of this country, and indeed, one of the great and characteristic journals of modern times.”2 Indeed, Bennett was New York City’s most creative journalist — developing innovations like the city’s first financial page. Another contemporary journalist, John Russell Young, described meeting Bennett in 1864: “Hair white and clustering, a smooth face soon to have the comfort of a bear, prominent aquiline nose, a long, narrow head with abundant development in perceptive faculties, a keen boring eye which threw arrowy glances; bantering rather than hearty laughter, a firm masterful jaw, talk in a broad Scottish accent, which he seemed to nurse with a relish. His speech had the piquant, saucy colloquialisms which stamped his individuality on the Herald. His manner stately, courteous, that of a strenuous gentleman of unique intelligence giving opinions as though there were aphorisms, like one accustomed to his own way.”3 Bennett wrote out his conception of the Herald in the mid-1830s: “I mean to make the Herald the great organ of social life, the prime element of civilization, the channel through wh


What landlocked, mountainous, Central Asian country is bordered by Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and the People's Republic of China?

About Kyrgyzstan Emblem ETYMOLOGY “Kyrgyz” is believed to have been derived from the Turkic word for “forty”, in reference to the forty clans of Manas, a legendary hero who united forty regional clans against the Uyghurs. Literally it means We are forty. At the time, in the early 9th century AD, the Uyghurs dominated much of Central Asia (including Kyrgyzstan), Mongolia, and parts of Russia and China. The 40-ray sun on the flag of Kyrgyzstan is a reference to those same forty tribes and the graphical element in the sun’s center depicts the wooden crown of a yurt – a portable dwelling traditionally used by nomads in the steppes of Central Asia. REGIONS AND DISTRICTS OF KYRGYZSTAN Kyrgyzstan is divided into seven regions (sing. oblast) administered by appointed governors. The capital, Bishkek, and the second largest city Osh are administratively independent cities with a status equal to a region. The regions, and independent cities, are as follows: 1. City of Bishkek 8. Issyk-Kul 9. City of Osh Each region comprises a number of districts (raions), administered by government-appointed officials (akim). Rural communities (ayıl ökmötü), consisting of up to 20 small settlements, have their own elected mayors and councils. CLIMATE The climate varies regionally. The south-western Fergana Valley is subtropical and extremely hot in summer, with temperatures reaching 40 °C (104 °F) The northern foothills are temperate and the Tian Shan varies from dry continental to polar climate, depending on elevation. In the coldest areas temperatures are sub-zero for around 40 days in winter, and even some desert areas experience constant snowfall in this period. RELIGION Islam is the dominant religion of Kyrgyzstan: 80% of the population is Muslim while 17% follow Russian Orthodoxy and 3% other religions. A 2009 Pew Research Center report indicates a higher percentage of Muslims, with 86.3% of Kyrgyzstan’s population adhering to Islam. The majority of Muslims are non-denominational Muslims at 64% while roughly 23% are Sunni, adhering to the Hanafi school of thought. There are a few Ahmadiyya Muslims, though unrecognised by the country. During Soviet times, state atheism was encouraged. Today, however, Kyrgyzstan is a secular state, although Islam has exerted a growing influence in politics. For instance, there has been an attempt to arrange for officials to travel on hajj (the pilgrimage to Mecca) under a tax-free arrangement. While Islam in Kyrgyzstan is more of a cultural background than a devout daily practice for many, public figures have expressed support for restoring religious values. For example, human rights ombudsman Tursunbay Bakir-Ulu noted, “In this era of independence, it is not surprising that there has been a return to spiritual roots not only in Kyrgyzstan, but also in other post-communist republics. It would be immoral to develop a market-based society without an ethical dimension.” Additionally, Bermet Akayeva, the daughter of Askar Akayev, the former President of Kyrgyzstan, stated during a July 2007 interview that Islam is increasingly taking root across the nation. She emphasized that many mosques have recently been built and that the Kyrgyz are increasingly devoting themselves to Islam, which she noted was “not a bad thing in itself. It keeps our society more moral, cleaner.” There is a contemporary Sufi order present which gives a somewhat different form of Islam than the orthodox Islam. The other faiths practiced in Kyrgyzstan include Russian Orthodox and Ukrainian Orthodox versions of Christianity, practiced primarily by Russians and Ukrainians respectively. A small minority of ethnic Germans are also Christian, mostly Lutheran and Anabaptist as well as a Roman Catholic community of approximately 600. A few Animistic traditions survive, as do influences from Buddhism such as the tying of prayer flags onto sacred trees, though some view this practice rooted within Sufi Islam.There are also a small number of Bukharian Jews living in Kyrgyzstan, but during the collapse of the Soviet Union most fled to other countries, ma


"In a 1980 episode of the TV series ""Dallas"", what character was Sue Ellen's scheming sister, who shot J.R. after having an affair with him?"

dallas(1978 tv series) - 必应 Dallas Original premise Dallas debuted on April 2, 1978, as a five-part miniseries on the CBS network. Producers initially had no plans for expansion; however, due to the show's popularity, it was subsequently turned into a regular series and broadcast for 13 full seasons, from September 23, 1978, to May 3, 1991. The first five episodes, originally considered a miniseries, are now referred to as season one—making fourteen seasons in total. The show is known for its portrayal of wealth, sex, intrigue, and power struggles. Throughout the series, the main premise is the longtime rivalry between the Ewings and the Barneses which came to head when the Barnes daughter, Pamela (Victoria Principal) eloped with a Ewing son, Bobby (Patrick Duffy) in the first episode. The back story was that, in the 1930s, wildcatter John Ross "Jock" Ewing, Sr. (Jim Davis) had allegedly cheated his one-time partner, Willard "Digger" Barnes (David Wayne and later Keenan Wynn), out of his share of their company Ewing Oil, and married Digger's only love, Eleanor "Miss Ellie" Southworth (Barbara Bel Geddes). Ellie's family were—in contrast to Jock—ranchers, with great love for the land and the cattle. Following the marriage of Ellie and Jock, the Southworth family ranch, Southfork, became the Ewings' home, where Jock and Miss Ellie raised three sons: J.R. (Larry Hagman), Gary (Ted Shackelford) and Bobby. J.R., the eldest Ewing son, unscrupulous and unhappily married to a former Miss Texas, Sue Ellen Shepard (Linda Gray), was frequently at odds with his youngest brother, Bobby, who had the morals and integrity that J.R. lacked. Middle son Gary was Ellie's favorite as he displayed Southworth traits; however, Gary had been in conflict with both Jock and J.R. since childhood and was dismissed as a weak link. While still young, Gary had married waitress Valene Clements (guest star Joan Van Ark), who produced the first heir, the petite and saucy Lucy (Charlene Tilton). Years prior to the series beginning, J.R. had driven Gary and Valene off Southfork, leaving Lucy to be raised by her grandparents. During the first episodes of the series, the teenaged Lucy (Jock Ewing's granddaughter) is seen sleeping with ranch foreman Ray Krebbs (Steve Kanaly). Later, in season four, Ray would be revealed as Lucy's uncle, an illegitimate Ewing son through an extramarital affair that Jock Ewing had during World War II. Unhappy with his small, one-dimensional role, Kanaly had considered leaving the show; to add depth to the Ray character, Hagman suggested that the writers create a plot wherein Ray becomes half-brother to J.R., Gary, and Bobby, noting his resemblance to Davis. The episodes where Ray and his niece Lucy had a fling is, as Kanaly told Dinah Shore in an appearance on her show, "prayerfully forgotten, I hope". Ray had previously engaged in a short fling with Pamela Barnes, the daughter of Digger Barnes (although it was later revealed that Pam was not Digger's biological daughter). However, Pam fell deeply in love with Bobby, and the pilot episode begins with the two of them arriving at Southfork Ranch as newlyweds, shocking the entire family. J.R., who loathed the Barnes family, was not happy with Pam's living at Southfork, and constantly tried to undermine her marriage to Bobby. Meanwhile, Pam's brother Cliff (Ken Kercheval), who had inherited Digger's hatred towards the Ewings, shared J.R.'s objections to the marriage, and continued his father's quest to get revenge. Most of the seasons ended with ratings-grabbing cliffhangers, the most notable being the season three finale "A House Divided", which launched the landmark "Who shot J.R.?" storyline and was ranked #69 on TV Guide's list of "TV's Top 100 Episodes of All Time". Other season finale cliffhangers include the finding of an unidentified floating female corpse in the Southfork swimming pool (season four); a blazing house fire (season six); and Bobby's death (season eight) and subsequent return (season nine). Main cast For the original five-episodes miniseries – season 1 – six ac


The 50.5 km Channel Tunnel, built under the English Channel or, in France, La Manche, to link the UK and France with road and rail access was finally opened in 1994. When was the first official Anglo-French protocol established to create the railway aspect of the link?

Channel Tunnel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Channel Tunnel Map of the Channel Tunnel Info Through-rail passenger and freight. Vehicle shuttle. Technical standard: 1,435 mm (4 ft 8½ in) Electrified 25 kV AC OHLE The Channel Tunnel ( French : Le tunnel sous la Manche), also known by the portmanteau Chunnel, [1] is a 50.5-kilometre (31.4 mi) [2] undersea rail tunnel linking Folkestone , Kent in England with Coquelles near Calais in northern France beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover . At its lowest point it is 75 m (250 ft) deep. [3] The Channel Tunnel has the longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world although the Seikan Tunnel in Japan is both longer overall, at 53.85 kilometres (33.5 mi) and deeper, at 240 metres (790 ft). The tunnel carries high-speed Eurostar passenger trains, Eurotunnel ro-ro vehicle transport that are the largest in the world and international rail freight trains . [4] In 1996 the American Society of Civil Engineers identified the tunnel as one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World . [5] Ideas for a cross-Channel fixed link existed as early as 1802 [6] but the eventual successful project, organised by Eurotunnel , began construction in 1988 and opened in 1994. The cost overran predictions by 80%, [7] and concessionaire Eurotunnel overestimated tunnel traffic and has met financial difficulty. Fires have disrupted operation of the tunnel. Illegal immigrants and asylum seekers have used the tunnel to enter Britain, causing a minor diplomatic row over the siting of the Sangatte refugee camp , which was eventually closed in 2002. Eleven tunnel boring machines working from both the UK and France cut through chalk marl to construct two rail tunnels and a service tunnel. The vehicle shuttle terminals are at Cheriton (part of Folkestone ) and Coquelles, and are connected to the British and French motorways. Contents High Speed 1 , linking London to the tunnel, opened. September 2008 Another fire in a lorry shuttle severely damaged the tunnel Proposals for a fixed link across the English Channel go back to Albert Mathieu's 1802 plan involving horse-drawn carts and an artificial mid-Channel island. For over 150 years, British political and press pressure over compromised national security stalled attempts to construct a tunnel. In 1974, French and UK government-funded construction commenced on both sides of the Channel, but the project was cancelled by the UK government over financial concerns. In 1985, the UK and French governments invited submissions for a fixed link. Eurotunnel, a group of ten construction companies and five banks, was awarded the project, a triple-bore railway tunnel based on the 1974 attempt. Tunnelling commenced in 1988, and the tunnel began operating in 1994. In 1985 prices, the total construction cost was £ 4650 million (£10,153 million inflation-adjusted to 2007) [9] , an 80% cost overrun. At the peak of construction 15,000 people were employed with daily expenditure over £3 million. [10] Ten workers, eight of them British, were killed during construction between 1987 and 1993, most in the first few months of boring. [11] [12] [13] Three services use the tunnel: Eurotunnel Shuttle (formerly Le Shuttle), a roll-on roll-off shuttle service for road vehicles including lorries; Eurostar passenger trains; and freight trains. Eurotunnel's traffic predictions for the tunnel were overestimated and the group has been challenged financially. In 1996 and again in 2006 and 2008, heavy goods vehicle shuttle wagon fires caused damage and restricted use of the tunnel, although nobody was seriously hurt in any of the incidents. Five years after the opening of the tunnel there were few and small impacts on the wider economy, and it was difficult to identify major developments associated with the tunnel. [14] In 1996 the American Society of Civil Engineers, with Popular Mechanics , selected the tunnel as one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World. [5] [ edit ] Proposals and attempts Thomé de Gamond's 1856 plan for a cross-Channel link, with a port/airshaft on the Varne


What term is used almost exclusively to describe a self-contained piece for one voice usually with orchestral accompaniment, commonly in opera, although they also form movements of oratorios and cantatas?

Opera Terminology Glossary Opera Terminology Glossary Advertisements: Use the search bar to look for terms in all glossaries, dictionaries, articles and other resources simultaneously A Acoustic enhancement Acoustic enhancement is a subtle type of sound reinforcement system used     to augment direct, reflected, or reverberant sound. While sound reinforcement     systems are usually used to increase the sound level of the sound source     (like a person speaking into a microphone, or musical instruments in a     pop ensemble), acoustic enhancement systems are typically used to increase     the acoustic energy in the venue. These systems are often associated with     acoustic sound sources like a chamber orchestra, symphony orchestra, or     opera, but have also found acceptance in a variety of applications and     venues that include rehearsal rooms, recording facilities conference rooms,     sound stages, sports arenas, and outdoor venues. Aria An aria (Italian for air; plural: arie or arias in common usage) in music was originally any expressive melody, usually, but not always, performed by a singer. The term is now used almost exclusively to describe a self-contained piece for one voice usually with orchestral accompaniment. Perhaps the most common context for arias is opera, although there are many arias that form movements of oratorios and cantatas. Composers also wrote concert arias, which are not part of any larger work, such as "Ah perfido" by Beethoven, and a number of concert arias by Mozart, such as "Conservati fedele". The aria first appeared in the 14th century when it signified a manner or style of singing or playing. Aria could also mean a melodic scheme (motif) or pattern for singing a poetic pattern, such as a sonnet. It was also attached to instrumental music, though this is no longer the case. Over time, arias evolved from simple melodies into a structured form. In the 17th century, the aria was written in ternary form (A–B–A); these arias were known as da capo arias. The aria later "invaded" the opera repertoire with its many sub-species (Aria cantabile, Aria agitata, Aria di bravura, and so on). By the mid-19th century, many operas became a sequence of arias, reducing the space left for recitative, while other operas (for instance those by Wagner) were entirely through-composed, with no section being readily identifiable as a self-contained aria. Aria di sorbetto The Aria di sorbetto, or "sherbet aria", was a convention of Italian opera in the early nineteenth century. Arioso In classical music, arioso is a style of solo opera singing between recitative and aria. Literally, arioso means airy. The term arose in the 16th century along with the aforementioned styles and monody. It is commonly confused with recitativo accompagnato. Arioso is similar to recitative due to its unrestrained structure and inflexions, close to those of speech. It differs however in its rhythm. Arioso is similar to aria in its melodic form, both being closer to singing than recitative; however they differ in form, arioso generally not resorting to the process of repetition. Azione teatrale Azione teatrale (English theatrical action, plural azioni teatrali) is a genre of opera, popular in Italy in the late 17th and 18th centuries. It is also sometimes referred to as azione scenica, componimento dramatico or componimento da camera. An azione teatrale was typically a one-act opera, or musical play, presented in a small, usually private or aristocratic theatre. As such it was an early form of chamber opera. The work was often historical or mythological in character. A similar, but larger scale work was called a festa teatrale. B Baritenor Baritenor (also rendered in English language sources as bari-tenor or baritenore) is a musical term formed by a blend of the words "baritone" and "tenor". It is used to describe both baritone and tenor voices. In Webster's Third New International Dictionary it is defined as "a baritone singing voice with virtually a tenor range". However, the term was d


What is the common name of the chemical NH3, which is found in cleaning products?

The dirt on toxic chemicals in household cleaning products | Toxics | Health  | Science & policy  | Toxics  | Issues Freshwater The dirt on toxic chemicals in household cleaning products There is no requirement in Canada for manufacturers to warn consumers about the health and environmental hazards associated with chronic, or long-term, exposure to chemical ingredients in household cleaning products (Credit: Jenny Lee Silver). Canadians spend more than $275 million on household cleaning products in a year. We buy these products to fight germs, streaks, stains and odours to keep our homes sparkling clean. Cleaning is supposed to be about maintaining a healthy home, yet some common household cleaning products contain chemicals that can harm human health and the environment. What a mess. Acute and chronic effects You're probably familiar with the hazard symbols that appear on some cleaning products, along with word like "poison", "corrosive" or "irritant." These hazard symbols warn consumers about acute health hazards associated with a single or short-term exposure to chemicals in the product. But there is no parallel requirement in Canada for manufacturers to warn consumers about the health and environmental hazards associated with chronic, or long-term, exposure to chemical ingredients in household cleaning products. Most of us are exposed to cleaning products and their residues at low levels on a daily basis. Sign up for our newsletter When we use these chemicals to clean our home, they linger in the air and we breathe them in. Researchers in the U.S. identified 133 unique volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from a small sample of consumer products, including six cleaning products. Each product tested emitted between one and eight chemicals classified as toxic or hazardous under U.S. federal laws Chemicals in cleaning products can also enter our bodies by absorption through the skin or through ingestion of household dust and chemical residues left on dishes and cutlery. And when cleaning products are flushed down the drain, they can have a serious impact on aquatic ecosystems. There is no regulatory requirement for ingredients to be listed on the label in a consistent format, so it can be hard to identify chemicals of concern. Here's the dirt on some hazards that may be hiding in your cleaning closet: 2-Butoxyethanol (2-BE, also known as butyl cellosolve) A skin and eye irritant also associated with blood disorders. In laboratory experiments, exposure to high doses of 2-BE has been shown to cause reproductive problems. This chemical is listed as a toxic substance under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act on the basis that it is harmful to human health. Health Canada identified indoor air and skin contact with cleaning products as the main pathways of exposure. Regulations limit the concentration of 2-BE in most household cleaners to 5 or 6 per cent, but higher concentrations are permitted in other products, notably and laundry stain removers (up to 22 per cent). Found in: glass cleaners, laundry stain removers, carpet cleaners, automobile cleaners, windshield wiper fluid, degreasers, oven cleaners, and rust removers. Ammonia Vapours may irritate the skin, eyes, throat, and lungs. People with asthma may be particularly sensitive to the effects of breathing ammonia. Ammonia may also cause kidney and liver damage. While ammonia also occurs naturally, the use of cleaning products containing this substance can result in higher levels of exposure to vapours than from natural sources. If ammonia is mixed with products containing chlorine bleach (sodium hypochlorite), highly poisonous chloramine gas is formed. Found in: window cleaners, drain cleaners, toilet cleaners, bathroom cleaners, oven cleaners, stainless-steel cleaners, car polish, and all-purpose cleaners. Coal tar dyes Derived from petrochemicals, and may be contaminated with trace amounts of heavy metals like arsenic, cadmium and lead. There is concern that synthetic dyes may cause cancer and that heavy metals can harm the nervous system and cause o


What award is the equivalent of the Oscars for British industries involved in film, television, video games and forms of animation?

ROBIN DA SILVA: AWARDS Evaluation The legal constraint I had for my leaflet advertisement was that I needed express written permission from the marketing department to use the Central Sussex College logo on my leaflet design because they need to approve the design and make sure that it is up to the colleges’ professional standards. There wasn’t anything that constrained my advert towards the awards evening for regulatory or professional reasons. The financial constraints I had been not having the budget to hire a professional designer to create modern 3D graphics to be used on the leaflet design. This would have cost an estimated £150 to £400 for one days work; we simply did not have the required budget to achieve this goal. I lead the marketing group in achieving the choice for the final colour scheme to be used in everything for the awards event such as posters, banners, leaflets and logos. We reached the conclusion of using gold, red and black. There were discussions for just gold and silver so the group had a class vote. We (the marketing team) held meetings every week during our lessons for up to two hours giving ideas and sorting through what we will use for posters, banners and logos and what we will discard. I think we did well in organizing and finalizing what we needed for the event. We had four weeks to fully organize and finalize all content that marketing was in charge of, to meet the deadline each person in marketing was in charge of a certain task such as one student in charge of tickets, a different one in charge of the posters etc. We met those timescales required to meet deadlines so the finished products can be ready for use. If I were to do another advert or similar task to this one I would stress strict deadlines for everyone in the group involved to ensure everything is ready in advance, not last minute. My poster and ticket designs that were nominated for the final choice all gathered positive verbal feedback from other students, for great use of the correct colour scheme that was chosen (red, gold & black) and clear design. I believe my contributions were very professional and would work well in a professional environment, because for example in a professional environment you would be using high-end professional editing software such as Photoshop which is what was used when I designed the poster and tickets. Posted by TASK 1: Research TASK #1: Research For this task I want you to research into different events that are happening locally, nationally and internationally. Look for and note the following: the look and concept of the advertising? Who the audience is? What details are given? What type of event it is i.e. 1 day etc. Create links to the sites that you have looked at. Remember to get into the habit of adding posts about what you do in each lesson. Your first post could be analyzing some of the event advertising and answering the points above. The event I will be researching is the OSCARS. The first aspect that I will be looking at is the concept of the advertising. The OSCARS logo uses a gold colour which signifies importance and decadence and the font is used in a classic and elegant manor creating a very aesthetically pleasing logo with the ideal connotations attached to its elements. Logo used in advertising and used on the event: The audience of the OSCARS are people from all ages that have interest in the Academy Award’s opinion of which films deserve critical acclaim. Due to the rise in internet access in the homes of the public, %20 of viewers are accessing websites and live feeds instead of watching the OSCARS on television. The Oscars is a one day only event, the actual ceremony lasting for up four hours. The formal ceremony at which the awards are presented is among the oldest, most prominent, most prestigious, and most watched film award ceremonies in the world. Before the ceremony takes places there is the famous red carpet event before the ceremony takes place were all the stars of the films and celebrities display what designer clothing their wearing and generating hype for t


Key Largo, Key West, Plantation Key and Big Pine Key are islands of the coast of are part of which US state?

Florida Keys vacation | Florida Keys travel information Star Rating: Search The Florida Keys travel guide offering information on things to do, accommodations and attractions in the Florida Keys. Florida Keys vacation and travel information The Florida Keys have become a popular destination for Americans looking   for a tropical vacation without leaving their own country. The Florida Keys   can be considered the American Caribbean and features all the same amenities   as other island destinations such as world class Florida   Keys fishing , scuba   diving and snorkeling , boating, sailing, kayaking and eco-tours. Each   of our island destinations has unique features. We invite you to visit each   area individually and discover our tropical paradise on your next Florida   Keys vacation. The islands of the Florida Keys run south west from   the city of Miami, FL. The first island you will encounter is Key   Largo . The Florida Keys span some 110 miles and   are connected by bridges and causeways. Key Largo offers   some of the finest diving   and snorkeling in the Florida Keys. One of the main attractions in Key   Largo is the John   Pennekamp State Park . There are many Key   Largo dive companies   that run guided trips to the park and to area sunken wrecks just   off Key Largo. Islamorada is the next   island destination just south of Key Largo. Islamorada is known for its world   class sport fishing . Each season welcomes new fishing tournaments and   angling opportunities. Bonefishing is especially popular with large bonefish   up into the 10 lb. range. Offshore   sport fishing can be equally exciting during the winter months for sailfish   just off the reefs of Islamorada. Marathon is midway from the beginning of the Florida Keys to the end. Marathon   is known as the heart of the Florida Keys and offers many relaxing vacation   resorts . Big Pine Key and    the Lower Florida Keys are as ‘laid back’ as it gets here.    Boating is one of the number one attractions and there are many different    tours and trips to Looe   Key for diving   and snorkeling or out in the backcountry for fishing or bird watching. Key West is   also known as the Last Resort, the Southernmost Point in the continental   U.S. Key West is whatever you want it to be. You can hide out in   a tucked-away guesthouse ,   walk the beach and watch a beautiful sunset, or dance all night   and peruse Duval   Street in downtown Key   West . Whatever your taste, a Florida Keys vacation has something for every individual,   couple and family.


What was the name of the policy making body of the USSR before it broke up?

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics | historical state, Eurasia | Britannica.com Union of Soviet Socialist Republics historical state, Eurasia Alternative Titles: Russia, Sojuz Sovetskich Socialisticeskich Respublik, Sovetsky Soyuz, Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, U.S.S.R., Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Spotlight / Geography Learn more about this topic 1 Learn more about the history of the U.S.S.R. 2 This leader succeeded Gorbachev and ushered in the Putin era Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, (U.S.S.R.) also called Soviet Union Russian Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik or Sovetsky Soyuz, former northern Eurasian empire (1917/22–1991) stretching from the Baltic and Black seas to the Pacific Ocean and, in its final years, consisting of 15 Soviet Socialist Republics (S.S.R.’s): Armenia , Azerbaijan, Belorussia (now Belarus), Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kirgiziya (now Kyrgyzstan), Latvia, Lithuania, Moldavia (now Moldova), Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. The capital was Moscow, then and now the capital of Russia. Flag of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, 1922–91. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. During the period of its existence, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was by area the world’s largest country. It was also one of the most diverse , with more than 100 distinct nationalities living within its borders. The majority of the population, however, was made up of East Slavs (Russians, Ukrainians, and Belorussians); these groups together made up more than two-thirds of the total population in the late 1980s. At its greatest extent, between 1946 and 1991 (the figures and descriptions given below refer to this period), the U.S.S.R. covered some 8,650,000 square miles (22,400,000 square kilometres), seven times the area of India and two and one-half times that of the United States. The country occupied nearly one-sixth of the Earth’s land surface, including the eastern half of Europe and roughly the northern third of Asia. The U.S.S.R. extended more than 6,800 miles (10,900 kilometres) from east to west, covering 11 of the world’s 24 time zones. The most westerly point was on the Baltic Sea , near Kaliningrad; the easternmost was Cape Dezhnev on the Bering Strait , nearly halfway around the world. From north to south the U.S.S.R. extended some 2,800 miles from Cape Chelyuskin to Kushka on the Afghan border. Nearly half the territory of the U.S.S.R. was north of 60° N, at the same latitude as Alaska, Baffin Island , and Greenland. Related Topics empire In addition to having the world’s longest coastline, the U.S.S.R. had the longest frontiers. To the north the country was bounded by the seas of the Arctic Ocean , and to the east were the seas of the Pacific. On the south the U.S.S.R. was bordered by North Korea, Mongolia , China, Afghanistan, Iran , and Turkey . On the southern frontier there were three seas: the Caspian Sea , the world’s largest inland sea, as well as the almost completely landlocked Black Sea and Sea of Azov . Romania, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Finland, and Norway lay to the west. The U.S.S.R. was the successor to the Russian Empire of the tsars. Following the 1917 Revolution, four socialist republics were established on the territory of the former empire: the Russian and Transcaucasian Soviet Federated Socialist Republics and the Ukrainian and Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republics. On Dec. 30, 1922, these constituent republics established the U.S.S.R. Additional union republics (Soviet Socialist Republics) were set up in subsequent years: the Turkmen and Uzbek S.S.R.’s in 1924, the Tadzhik S.S.R. in 1929, and the Kazakh and Kirgiz S.S.R.’s in 1936. In that year the Transcaucasian Republic was abolished and its territory was divided between three new republics: the Armenian, Azerbaijan, and Georgian S.S.R.’s. In 1940 the Karelo-Finnish, Moldavian, Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian S.S.R.’s were established. The Karelo-Finnish S.S.R. became an autonomous republic in 1956, leaving a tot


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