Graham Nash left which group in 1968 to join David Crosby and Stephen Stills?

Crosby, Stills, Nash (And Young) (Music) - TV Tropes YMMV CSNY during their heyday. Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young (or Crosby, Stills and Nash) are a Super Group consisting of David Crosby, Stephen Stills and Graham Nash originally, until they were joined by a fourth member, Neil Young , and eventually became known under this name instead. The band came about after David Crosby had left The Byrds due to internal conflict. Around the same time Stephen Stills' old band Buffalo Springfield had split and he was on his own feet too. Graham Nash was a member of The Hollies in those days, but had felt long frustrated about just being second violin to the group as a whole. When the three musicians came together in 1968 they realized they could start a new band by themselves and thus Crosby, Stills And Nash was born. They decided to use their own names , because it would better showcase their individuality and prevent the tensions they all had experienced by operating as an anonymous musician under a collective band pseudonym. From the start the band had immediate success. Their debut record Crosby, Stills And Nash from 1969 spawned the Top 40 singles "Marrakesh Express" and "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes" and got great reviews. Stills brought a fourth band member aboard, Neil Young , who had played alongside him in Buffalo Springfield . Restructured, the band now became Crosby, Stills, Nash And Young. They played during the legendary Woodstock festival in 1969, where their song "Woodstock" (a cover of Joni Mitchell ) became the unofficial anthem of the concert. They also played at Altamont, but due to the violence and murder associated with the festival their performance was cut at their own request from the documentary Gimme Shelter from 1970. 1970 also saw the release of Dï¿½jï¿½ Vu , which generated the hits "Woodstock", "Teach Your Children" and "Our House", and the occurrence of the Kent State Shootings, which inspired their Protest Song "Ohio", criticising the fact that the Ohio National Guard (US Army reserve units under the command of the state's governor) had shot at protesting students in Kent State University, Ohio. Each individual member released a solo album ( Neil Young 's After The Gold Rush from 1970, Stephen Stills' Stephen Stills from 1970, David Crosby If I Could Only Remember My Name from 1971 and Graham Nash's Songs For Beginners from 1971. Crosby And Nash even started a duo together, with their first album being Graham Nash/David Crosby from 1972. Although they performed on each other's solo albums they start spending more attention to their own work than working together as a group. Tensions and drug abuse took their toll. Only after seven years the next collective album came out and by that point Young had already left the group, causing them to name the album CSN, short for the first names of the remaining band members. Only "Just A Song Before I Go" became a hit. During the 1980s the band kept performing. "Daylight Again" from 1982 had a hit song in the title track, but that same year Crosby was arrested for drug and weapon charges and spent 8 months in jail. He decided to go into rehab afterwards and Young rejoined the band briefly for "American Dream" in 1988. By that point the band effectively became more popular as a concert experience and their social activism than for their newer albums. In 1997 they were inducted in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, however Neil Young was excluded. Principal Members (Founding members in bold, current members in italic): David Crosby - lead vocals, guitar, keyboard, tambourine (1968ï¿½1970, 1973, 1974, 1976, 1977ï¿½Present) Graham Nash - lead vocals, guitar, piano, organ, keyboard, harmonica, percussion, sound effects (1968ï¿½1970, 1973, 1974, 1976, 1977ï¿½Present) Stephen Stills - lead vocals, guitar, bass, keyboard, piano, synthesizer, banjo, timbales, maracas, percussion (1968ï¿½1970, 1973, 1974, 1976, 1977ï¿½Present) Neil Young - lead vocals, guitar, keyboard, piano, harmonica, banjo, tiple, celeste (1969ï¿½1970, 1973, 1974, 1976, 1988, 1991, 1999-2006, 2013) Studio Dis


Who was nominated for a Best Actress Oscar for her role as Mrs Robinson in The Graduate?

The Role of Mrs. Robinson - Classic Film The Role of Mrs. Robinson Guest Author - Amber Grey According to the March 2008 ï¿½Vanity Fairï¿½ article, "The Making of "The Graduate," Director Mike Nichols said when Bancroft was offered the notorious role of ï¿½Mrs. Robinsonï¿½, ï¿½Everyone cautioned her to turn it down," implying that taking the role would be too risky for her career. Apparently, it was Bancroft's husband, Mel Brooks, who recommended she take the part because he enjoyed the script. And so, Bancroft accepted the role which became epitome of the word ï¿½cougarï¿½ and it changed her career forever, but was it for better or for worse? ï¿½The Graduateï¿½ (1967), based on the novel by Charles Webb, starring Dustin Hoffman, Anne Bancroft and Katharine Ross Hoffman plays ï¿½Benjamin Braddock,ï¿½ a recent college graduate, who engages in an affair with ï¿½Mrs. Robinsonï¿½ (Bancroft), the wife Benjaminï¿½s fatherï¿½s business partner. The plot is only further complicated by the fact that once Benjamin is in the middle of the affair, he falls in love with Mrs. Robinsonï¿½s daughter, Elaine. Thanks to movie magic, Bancroft was made to look deceptively older than Hoffman. In reality, the two actors were merely six years apart in age; she 36 and he 30 at the time of filming. However, Bancroft did not rely on make-up alone to carry her through the role. With her smokey voice and incredible acting ability to draw, not only Benjamin but the audience as well, into her web, filling the air with electricity and dry sarcasm. When the film was released, it received critical acclaim for itï¿½s balance of comedy and drama. When awards season came, ï¿½The Graduateï¿½ was nominated for seven Academy Awards including a ï¿½Best Actressï¿½ nod for Bancroft. Bancroft was also nominated for a BAFTA but only won a ï¿½Best Actressï¿½ Golden Globe for her performance. However, the stamp of playing ï¿½Mrs. Robinson,ï¿½ was permanent for Bancroft. In the future, no matter what role Bancroft excelled in whether it be Helen Kellerï¿½s teacher in ï¿½The Miracle Workerï¿½ (1962); the sarcastic wife of Jack Lemmon in the film adaptation of Neil Simonï¿½s comedy ï¿½The Prisoner on Second Avenueï¿½ (1975); or as the prima ballerina, Emma, in ï¿½The Turning Pointï¿½ (1977), in which she was nominated for a "Best Actress" Oscar, Bancroft would always be ï¿½Mrs. Robinson.ï¿½ So it seems the role had become a blessing and a curse to Bancroft when she mentioned in a 2003 interview, ï¿½I am quite surprised, that with all of my work and some of it is very, very good, that nobody talks about ï¿½The Miracle Worker.ï¿½ Weï¿½re talking about Mrs. Robinson. I understand the world . . . Iï¿½m just a little dismayed that people arenï¿½t beyond it yet.ï¿½ Whereas in a 2005 interview for ï¿½Washington Post,ï¿½ Bancroft said, ï¿½To this day, when men meet me, thereï¿½s always that movie [The Graduate] in the back of their mind.ï¿½ Besides Bancroft, there was a list of other interesting actresses considered for the role of ï¿½Mrs. Robinsonï¿½: - The late Patricia Neal was ready to play the role but was forced to drop out because of Neal's unexpected stroke. - Actress Jane Fonda was offered to either play ï¿½Mrs. Robinsonï¿½ or ï¿½Elaine Robinsonï¿½ and turned down both of them. Other actresses considered: Shelley Winters, Angela Lansbury, Eva-Marie Saint, Ava Gardner and Rita Hayworth.


On which instrument was the theme for The Third Man performed?

The Third Man Soundtrack (1949) by Andrew Granade August 24, 2003 It seems as though every country has a cinematic sound associated with it, an instrument that serves to symbolize it for the purposes of evocation.ï¿½ Consider last year's score for Amelie.ï¿½ A frothy concoction of a movie and score, every aspect of production design needed to seep the essence of Paris out of its pores.ï¿½ Visually, the most recognized areas were visited and heightened through the use of a hyper-real color palate. ï¿½In order to balance the production aurally, the sound of the accordion was allowed to permeate every scene, adding a feeling of decadent love to the proceedings.ï¿½ Whether it be the brass band for England, the didgeridoo for Australia, or the sitar for all things Indian and often Middle Eastern as well, we have coded sounds onto geography for instantly recognizable access. So if you were making a movie about post-WWII Vienna, what instrument would you use?ï¿½ The violin?ï¿½ The piano?ï¿½ No, you would use the zither. The Third Man, one of the greatest of all film noirs, has a palatable sense of place.ï¿½ The bombed-out buildings, cracked streets, and decaying facades are a character equal to the enigmatic Harry Lime.ï¿½ Visually the production is laced with a feeling of dread, with a darkness born of a particular moment in history.ï¿½ Yet, Vienna is a city of dreams and even in its post-apocalyptic state, there is a certain nostalgia for the grandeur that once was.ï¿½ It is to this instinct the score was directed.ï¿½ While viewers absorbed the oppressive scenes, the music crept into the backs of their minds reminding them of what was lost.ï¿½ A startling juxtaposition to be sure, but one so successful that Anton Karas's score is still considered a hallmark of film music composition, even more than fifty years later. The music is performed exclusively on a zither, a stringed instrument on which the strings run the length of the body, which acts as the primary resonator.ï¿½ Think of an autoharp or dulcimer and you will have the idea.ï¿½ In adopting this Austrian instrument as the basis of the score, Karas appropriated its music as well.ï¿½ Two main themes run throughout, the first of which is introduced in the second cue, "The Harry Lime Theme."ï¿½ This jaunty tune is in a square four with a bass line alternating between tonic and dominant.ï¿½ Musically it is quite simple, a series of variations on a theme, but its nostalgic sentimentality lends it a charm that one carries outside the viewing.ï¿½ The second main theme is, fittingly for the city of Johann Strauss,  Jr., a waltz.ï¿½ Introduced in the fourth cue, "The Cafï¿½ Mozart Waltz," the lilting melody is even more ironic in context than "The Harry Lime Theme." These two themes, or more specifically their styles, dominate the short cues of the CD, all the way to short waltzes such as "Danube Dreams."ï¿½ Although it may sound uninteresting, the score is anything but and has been a perennial bestseller since the late 1940s.ï¿½ No film score collection would be truly complete without this gem. The main question, then, is if this new recording of the score is worth purchasing or if you should go with another.ï¿½ One of the strangest features of this CD is a hold-over from the 50th Anniversary release of a few years ago.ï¿½ Interspersed between the music cues are snippets of dialogue from the movie.ï¿½ While they do provide a hint of the juxtaposition inherent to the score's success, I would suggest purchasing the wonderful transfer of the movie released by the Criterion Collection for the full experience.ï¿½ Here it merely serves as distraction. The sound is uniformly good, with deep, rich bass strings and a brightness to the upper register. Gertrud Huber performs on the zither with panache and sensitivity.ï¿½ Also, orchestral versions of the two main themes performed by the City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Nic Raine are added on to the end to entice you further.ï¿½ Yet, if you are satisfied with your current recording I would suggest you stay with it.ï¿½ If,


What film of 1968 set in the 41st Century starred Jane Fonda and Milo O'Shea?

Sex in Cinema: 1968 Greatest and Most Influential Erotic / Sexual Films and Scenes The History of Sex in Cinema Movie Title/Year and Film/Scene Description Screenshots Barbarella (1968, Fr./It.) This 'adult' sci-fi fantasy sex-capades      comedy from French director Roger Vadim (featuring his new wife Jane      Fonda) with a screenplay by Terry Southern was edited to receive a      PG rating. Based on the French comics by Jean-Claude Forrest, it contained      many sexual references, and numerous instances of Barbarella's interstellar      love-making. The story set in the 41st century involved Barbarella's      journey to a distant galaxy to save humanity. There was a teasing joke      about Barbarella experiencing traditional or "old-fashioned" physical-penetrative      copulation instead of the latest virtual sex (consumption of exaltation      transference pills). The cult film opened with an      infamous credits sequence that teasingly stripped French comic-strip      heroine Barbarella (Jane Fonda) of her black space-suit outfit in zero      gravity. Her gloves, leggings, and then helmet were gradually removed,      before she became completely exposed and nude, although often obscured      by floating and jiggling white letters. Barbarella (Jane Fonda): The Opening Credits Sequence The title character     also made love with the aid of a gigantic 'orgasmatronic' type machine      (an organ of love) - and was sentenced to death by multiple orgasm      (delivered by the 'Excessive Machine').     Durand Durand/Concierge (Milo O'Shea) attempted      to torture and kill Barbarella with pleasure by orgasmically "playing" her     with the euphemistic pipe organ (with the tune "Sonata for Executioner     and Various Young Women").     He promised a swift but pleasurable death, as he began playing, and her     clothes were expelled: Barbarella: "Oh, oh, what is this thing?" Durand: "You will soon see, my dear. 'Sonata for Executioner and      Various Young Women.'" Barbarella: "Hmm. Oh, it's sort of nice,      isn't it?" Durand: "Yes, it is nice, in the beginning. Wait until its tune     changes. It may change your tune as well." Barbarella: "Oh goodness, what do you mean?" Durand: "When we reach the crescendo, you will die - of pleasure. Your     end will be swift, but sweet, very sweet." To his amazement, she completely     enjoyed the lethal experience, exasperating him even further by orgasming.      He was aghast at the sexually self-determined female for defeating     the machine and causing it to smoke and burst into flames: "I don't      believe it. It couldn't be. Wretched, wretched girl. What have you       done to my excessive machine. You've undone it. You've undone me.       Look, look! Energy cables are shrinking. You've turned them into       faggots. You've, you've burned out the excessive machine! You've       blown all its fuses!...You've exhausted its power! It couldn't keep       up with you. Incredible. What kind of girl are you?! Have you no      shame?!...Shame, shame on you! You'll pay for this!" Barbarella (Jane Fonda) in the Excessive Machine Candy (1968, It./Fr.) Director Christian Marquand's      semi-vulgar, hip, 'psychedelic', anti-establishment sex farce was created       by scriptwriter Buck Henry from Terry Southern's updated, racy (and       supposedly 'unfilmable') 1958 novel (originally based on Voltaire's       18th century Candide). Voltaire's story about Candy was later       the basis of two other "adult" porno films by writer/director Gail       Palmer, starring Carol Connors: The       Erotic Adventures of Candy (1978) and Candy Goes to       Hollywood (1979). Nubile, vacuous      and sexy nymphet Swedish blonde Ewa Aulin (a former Miss Teen Sweden      in 1965 and Miss Teen International in 1966) starred as the       title characte


What French term is used in ballet for dancing on the tip of the toe?

Ballet Terms | Dance Terminology | Atlanta Ballet Home  »  Ballet Resources  »  Ballet Terms and Positions Ballet Terms and Positions Have you ever wondered what all those French words are that you hear floating around at the ballet? If you're new to the ballet or would like to learn more about ballet, stick around and take a quick lesson on some of the words the dancers use on a daily basis. Glossary of Ballet Terms Classical Ballet - a traditional style of ballet which stresses the academic technique developed through the centuries of the existence of ballet. Modern Ballet - a type of ballet from the twentieth century. To this day, modern ballet looks to re-invent itself and reach out in an ever-increasing facet of creation and movement. Ballerina - a female dancer in a ballet company. Danseur - a male dancer in a ballet company. Choreographer - a person who composes or invents ballets or dances. Ballet master or Ballet mistress - a person in a ballet company whose job is to give the daily company class and to rehearse the ballets in the company repertoire. Choreography - describes the steps, combinations and patterns of a ballet or dance. Balletomane (bal lay toe mane) - A ballet fan or enthusiast. Pointe shoes - The satin ballet shoes used by dancers when dancing on their pointes (toes). Pointe shoes are reinforced with a box constructed of numerous layers of strong glue in between layers of material. Pointe shoes are not made of cement or wood. Tutu - the short classical ballet skirt made of many layers of net. A romantic tutu is a long net skirt reaching below the calf. Pas de deux - a dance for two. Adagio (u da zhe-o) - is a succession of slow, soft, lyrical and continuous movements. Adagio creates the illusion that the positions flow from one into another. Allegro (a leg grow) - allegro in ballet involves fast and dynamic movements, usually jumping steps and sequences. Barre - a horizontal bar (usually made of wood) along a studio wall for class exercises. Every ballet class begins with barre exercises. Centre practice - a group of exercises similar to those at the barre but performed in the center of the room. These exercises are done without the support of the barre and are normally performed with alternate feet. Ballet Positions Arabesque (Ah rah besk) - a position on one leg with the other leg raised behind the body and extended in a straight line. Attitude (ah tea tude) - A variation on the arabesque. The extended leg is raised behind the body but bent at the knee at an angle of 90 degrees. Assemblé (assam blay) - Lifting off the floor on one leg, and landing on two. Legs assemble at the same time and return to fifth position. Croisé (quo say) - A dancer stands with legs crossed at an angle to the audience. The disengaged leg may be crossed in the front or in the back. Grande Jeté (grand jeh tay) - a big jump from one foot to the other in which the working leg is brushed into the air and appears to have been thrown. Plié (plee ay) - means bent, bending - of the knee or knees. Turn-out - The dancer turns his or her feet and legs out from the hip joints to a 90-degree position. Pirouette (peer o wet) - a rotation or spin - a complete turn of the body on one foot, on point or demi-pointe (half- pointe). Tour en l'air (tour on lair) - a turn in the air - usually a male dancer's step, although ballerinas may do them to depending on the choreography.


Who sang with Queen on their 1981 UK Number One Under Pressure?

Queen — Under Pressure — Listen, watch, download and discover music for free at Last.fm queen "Under Pressure" is a 1981 song by Queen and David Bowie . It marked Queen's first released collaboration with another recording artist, and is featured on their 1982 album Hot Space. The song reached #1 on the UK Singles Chart. It was also number 31 on VH1's 100 Greatest Songs of the '80s. Bowie had originally come to the studios in order to sing backing vocals on another Queen song, " Cool Cat ". For whatever reason, Bowie was not satisfied… read more Don't want to see ads? Subscribe now Similar Tracks


Whose assassination on 28 June 1914 sparked the war?

Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated - Jun 28, 1914 - HISTORY.com Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated Publisher A+E Networks In an event that is widely acknowledged to have sparked the outbreak of World War I, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, nephew of Emperor Franz Josef and heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire, is shot to death along with his wife by a Serbian nationalist in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on this day in 1914. The great Prussian statesman Otto von Bismarck, the man most responsible for the unification of Germany in 1871, was quoted as saying at the end of his life that “One day the great European War will come out of some damned foolish thing in the Balkans.” It went as he predicted. The archduke traveled to Sarajevo in June 1914 to inspect the imperial armed forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina, former Ottoman territories in the turbulent Balkan region that were annexed by Austria-Hungary in 1908 to the indignation of Serbian nationalists, who believed they should become part of the newly independent and ambitious Serbian nation. The date scheduled for his visit, June 28, coincided with the anniversary of the First Battle of Kosovo in 1389, in which medieval Serbia was defeated by the Turks. Despite the fact that Serbia did not truly lose its independence until the Second Battle of Kosovo in 1448, June 28 was a day of great significance to Serbian nationalists, and one on which they could be expected to take exception to a demonstration of Austrian imperial strength in Bosnia. June 28 was also Franz Ferdinand’s wedding anniversary. His beloved wife, Sophie, a former lady-in-waiting, was denied royal status in Austria due to her birth as a poor Czech aristocrat, as were the couple’s children. In Bosnia, however, due to its limbo status as an annexed territory, Sophie could appear beside him at official proceedings. On June 28, 1914, then, Franz Ferdinand and Sophie were touring Sarajevo in an open car, with surprisingly little security, when Serbian nationalist Nedjelko Cabrinovic threw a bomb at their car; it rolled off the back of the vehicle and wounded an officer and some bystanders. Later that day, on the way to visit the injured officer, the archduke’s procession took a wrong turn at the junction of Appel quay and Franzjosefstrasse, where one of Cabrinovic’s cohorts, 19-year-old Gavrilo Princip, happened to be loitering. Seeing his opportunity, Princip fired into the car, shooting Franz Ferdinand and Sophie at point-blank range. Princip then turned the gun on himself, but was prevented from shooting it by a bystander who threw himself upon the young assassin. A mob of angry onlookers attacked Princip, who fought back and was subsequently wrestled away by the police. Meanwhile, Franz Ferdinand and Sophie lay fatally wounded in their limousine as it rushed to seek help; they both died within the hour. The assassination of Franz-Ferdinand and Sophie set off a rapid chain of events: Austria-Hungary, like many in countries around the world, blamed the Serbian government for the attack and hoped to use the incident as justification for settling the question of Slav nationalism once and for all. As Russia supported Serbia, an Austro-Hungarian declaration of war was delayed until its leaders received assurances from German leader Kaiser Wilhelm that Germany would support their cause in the event of a Russian intervention–which would likely involve Russia’s ally, France, and possibly Britain as well. On July 28, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, and the tenuous peace between Europe’s great powers collapsed. Within a week, Russia, Belgium, France, Great Britain and Serbia had lined up against Austria-Hungary and Germany, and World War I had begun. Related Videos


Who was the British Prime Minister at the outbreak of war?

Prime Minister Herbert Asquith: The human stories behind the outbreak of First World War | Daily Mail Online comments In the first extract on Saturday from his masterly new book marking the centenary of World War I, Max Hastings told how an unpopular Austrian aristocrat blundered into the path of an assassin’s bullet in Serbia — and how his death was  the trigger for the horrific conflagration that would follow. Here, he tells how a largely doubting Britain was finally persuaded to enter a war which would cost it a million lives . . . Newly-arrived in France to fight the Hun, the cocky soldiers of the British Expeditionary Force were greeted like heroes. ‘We were seized by the local inhabitants and dosed with cider,’ recalled Lt Guy Harcourt-Vernon. That first night in August 1914, the cafés in the town square of Amiens rang with toasts and rousing choruses of God Save The King. Only the old women who supervised the local public baths shook their heads and mopped their eyes as they muttered to themselves: ‘Pauvres petits anglais, ils vont bientôt être tués’ — ‘poor English boys, soon they will be dead.’ War opinions: Prime Minister Herbert Asquith told his mistress Venetia Stanley that the Austrian people were' the stupidest' in Europe It was a terrible — and true — prediction. Close to a million British fighting men would lose their lives in the four years of World War I, the centenary of whose outbreak takes place next year. The first deaths came soon enough — though to begin with they were mainly German. Deployed to positions just outside the Belgian town of Mons, the British soldiers peppered the Kaiser’s oncoming army with state-of-the-art Lee-Enfield rifles and Vickers machine guns. RELATED ARTICLES Share this article Share ‘They came at us in solid, square blocks,’ a British NCO recalled, ‘and you couldn’t help hitting them.’ ‘We steadied our rifles and took aim,’ said another, ‘and they were simply blasted away to Heaven by a volley at 700 yards.’ But the Germans took their casualties and kept coming in overwhelming numbers, supported by cannons and howitzers. ‘God! How their artillery do fire!’ exclaimed a frightened British soldier at what was a new and unwelcome experience for almost every member of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). Confidante: Prime Minister Asquith told the truth to Venetia Stanley ‘There were four of us in a rifle-pit,’ recalled a private, ‘and our officer walked over to us and I remember thinking: “Get down, you silly bugger.” ‘The poor man was killed. Then the man next to me was hit. He was firing away and suddenly he gave a grunt and lay still. I’d never seen a dead man before.’ Harcourt-Vernon wrote: ‘Funny how everyone ducks at the sound of a bullet. It is past you by then, but down goes your head every time.’ Soon, too many bullets and shells were passing for any man to have time to duck as they rammed clip after five-round clip into their hot weapons. The British fell back until, by nightfall, the Germans — though they had taken colossal casualties — had captured Mons. In that first encounter, the BEF lost an estimated 1,600 men, many of them taken prisoner, and was now on the run. The next day there were brave rallies. The 9th Lancers and Dragoon Guards charged German guns across a mile of open ground, an extraordinary piece of folly even by the standards of British cavalry. They were led by a colonel who had once won a Grand National steeplechase. But nothing could stop the rout as the BEF was systematically bested by the German forces. As they retreated from an enemy they had been convinced they would trounce, a major in the Grenadiers described ‘a long and trying march in great heat and over very bad and dusty roads. 'The men very tired and rather puzzled as to what we are at’. Many must have wondered what they were doing there in the first place. It was a good question. How and why Britain had joined in what was essentially a solely European war was largely down to one man — Sir Edward Grey, Britain’s Foreign Secretary. In many ways he was a strange choice for tha


Who wrote the music for the song Keep the Home Fires Burning?

First World War.com - Vintage Audio - Keep The Home Fires Burning Vintage Audio - Keep The Home Fires Burning Sponsored Links Reproduced below are the    lyrics to the hugely popular wartime song written in 1914, Keep The Home    Fires Burning, music by Ivor Novello and words by Lena Ford.  The song is also popularly known as Till The Boys Came Home. The obvious sentimentality    of the song lent it increased popularity for families at home than to    soldiers serving on the various wartime fronts. The song's tremendous    success brought Ivor Novello overnight fame, launching a hugely successful    post-war career; although he also served with the Royal Naval Air Service    (RNAS) as a pilot from 1916. Two versions of the song    are available here.  Use the player above to listen to a recording performed by popular wartime vocalist John    McCormack in 1917, and to a recording by Stanley Kirkby made a year earlier in 1916. Keep the Home Fires    Burning They were summoned from the    hillside They were called in from the glen, And the country found them ready At the stirring call for men. Let no tears add to their hardships As the soldiers pass along, And although your heart is breaking Make it sing this cheery song: Keep the Home Fires    Burning, While your hearts are yearning, Though your lads are far away They dream of home. Through the dark clouds shining, Turn the dark cloud inside out 'Til the boys come home. Overseas there came a    pleading, "Help a nation in distress." And we gave our glorious laddies Honour bade us do no less, For no gallant son of freedom To a tyrant's yoke should bend, And a noble heart must answer To the sacred call of "Friend." Keep the Home Fires    Burning, While your hearts are yearning, Though your lads are far away They dream of home. Through the dark clouds shining, Turn the dark cloud inside out 'Til the boys come home. Sponsored Links Saturday, 22 August, 2009 Michael Duffy An "incendiary shell" is an artillery shell packed with highly flammable material, such as magnesium and phosphorous, intended to start and spread fire when detonated. - Did you know?


How many British troops were killed on the first day of the Battle of the Somme on 1 July 1916?

Somme - July 1916 Somme - July 1916 The search for personal effects after the battle The Battle of the Somme lasted officially from 1st July 1916 to 16th November 1916. The British lost 420,000 casualties, the French 200,000 and the Germans 450,000. On the first day alone nearly eight times as many British troops were killed or wounded as in the battle of Waterloo. Of the 20,000 dead on the first day, most had been slaughtered by perhaps a hundred German Machine-gun teams. From the British perspective this was a tragic waste of men, almost exclusively volunteers and tremendously committed. The Reverend Stanhope Walker said "It was a time one can never forget. At a Casualty Clearing Station one realised the meaning of war more than anywhere else. One could go and see all the country round Trones Wood and Delville Wood spitting fire from our huge guns and see the great crumps from the German artillery bursting amid indescribable wreckage and desolation, but here were gathered together the results of it all in broken humanity. I don't think there is any part of the human body I have not seen wounded,frequently blown to pieces." (People at War, 1914-1918. A David & Charles Military Book. 1973. ISBN-0-7153-9244-1) It was with such statistics and images that I approached the War Diary of Lt Col Elsner . I was shocked by the apparent callousness of the entry for 1st July 1916 until finding that the 9th Division were not truly engaged until 3rd July. From that date onward Elsner records events in a much more personally aggrieved tone. 1st July 1916 " Intense bombardment started about 5 am. The infantry advanced at 7 am and reached their objective Montauban during the forenoon. Bearer Divn in Trigger Valley (Billon Wood - Bronfay Fme). The usual congestion of walking wounded took place and appears to be inevitable". 4th July 1916 Following casualties amoung bearers in vicinity of Bernafay Wood: Pte J W Adamson - Killed Buried Talus Boise    Pte J Davis   - Died of Wounds - Buried Bernafay Wood    Pte R Adams   - GSW Shock Shell    Pte R Longworth - GSW Shock Shell    Pte J H Yesson - PUO (Evacuated)    Pte J Wilson  - GSW neck (slight - remained on duty) 5 July 1916 Further casualties in the bearer divn: LCpl W Weston  - GSW Concussion (Evacuated) Bearer divn now established in German 1st line Valley Trench (A.3.C.8.0) in some German dugouts very deep and safe. Evacuation is easy along the railway line in Train Alley on trolleys. The bearers are in good spirits despite the casualties and working well, but had a rough time in Bernafay Wood which was being thoroughly and systematically shelled as are all the positions round about. Took Pte Coward with me as a reinforcement and Pte Chapman came up later - both off leave. So Albert has now travelled from the comfort of his brief visit home, and returned to what he must have known to be the thick of the battle. I find it virtually impossible to imagine the difficulty that all these men must have overcome to travel back from sanity to hell, and to keep doing so time after time. 6 July 1916 Bearer Divn casualties continue: Pte T Coward  - GSW back (he only came off leave yesterday!)    Pte F G Taylor - GSW finger Private Coward has been back for less than 24hrs before he becomes a casualty... 8 July 1916 Visited front lines with DDMS. Battle in progress, Trones Wood. Shelling at Bernafay and Montauban fairly heavy. Further FA casualties: Pte Gill    - GSW arm    Pte Fleet    - GSW shoulder 9 July 1916 Bearer Divn relieved by 28 FA. To the ADS at West Peronne. Intense shelling of Bernafay Wood, Trones Wd and Montauban was taking place, and later Peronne Rd was shelled and the road to Bronfay farm. There were several casualties on those roads. One Motor Amb and 1 Lorry I saw smashed and the driver of the former lying in the road - decapitated. 12 July 1916 Visited bearers in rest at Maricourt Dugouts, but shelling daily and after the visit: Pte J Dillon  - GSW Head, Arm, Chest - Killed    Pte A Binney  - GSW Arm, C


In which country is Vimy Ridge, site of a battle in April 1917?

WarMuseum.ca - The Battle of Vimy Ridge April 9-12, 1917 - The First World War The Battle of Vimy Ridge, 9-12 April 1917 Tim Cook Many historians and writers consider the Canadian victory at Vimy a defining moment for Canada, when the country emerged from under the shadow of Britain and felt capable of greatness. Canadian troops also earned a reputation as formidable, effective troops because of the stunning success. But it was a victory at a terrible cost, with more than 10,000 killed and wounded. The Canadian Corps was ordered to seize Vimy Ridge in April 1917. [ Map ] Situated in northern France, the heavily-fortified seven-kilometre ridge held a commanding view over the Allied lines. The Canadians would be assaulting over an open graveyard since previous French attacks had failed with over 100,000 casualties. To capture this difficult position, the Canadians would carefully plan and rehearse their attack. To provide greater flexibility and firepower in battle, the infantry were given specialist roles as machine-gunners, rifle-men and grenade-throwers. These same soldiers underwent weeks of training behind the lines using models to represent the battlefield, and new maps crafted from aerial photographs to guide their way. To bring men forward safely for the assault, engineers dug deep tunnels from the rear to the front. Despite this training and preparation, the key to victory would be a devastating artillery barrage that would not only isolate enemy trenches, but provide a moving wall of high explosives and shrapnel to force the Germans to stay in their deep dugouts and away from their machine-guns. "Chaps, you shall go over exactly like a railroad train, on time, or you shall be annihilated," warned Canadian Corps commander Sir Julian Byng. "In those few minutes I witnessed the birth of a nation." BGen A.E. Ross In the week leading up to the battle, Canadian and British artillery pounded the enemy positions on the ridge, killing and tormenting defenders.  New artillery tactics allowed the gunners to first target, then destroy enemy positions. A nearly limitless supply of artillery shells and the new 106 fuse, which allowed shells to explode on contact, as opposed to burying themselves in ground, facilitated the destruction of hardened defences and barbed wire. The Canadian infantry would be well supported when it went into battle with over 1,000 artillery pieces laying down withering, supportive fire. Attacking together for the first time, the four Canadian divisions stormed the ridge at 5:30am on 9 April 1917.  More than 15,000 Canadian infantry overran the Germans all along the front. Incredible bravery and discipline allowed the infantry to continue moving forward under heavy fire, even when their officers were killed. There were countless acts of sacrifice, as Canadians single-handedly charged machine-gun nests or forced the surrender of Germans in protective dugouts.  Hill 145, the highest and most important feature of the Ridge, and where the Vimy monument now stands, was captured in a frontal bayonet charge against machine-gun positions. Three more days of costly battle delivered final victory. The Canadian operation was an important success, even if the larger British and French offensive, of which it had been a part, had failed. But it was victory at a heavy cost: 3,598 Canadians were killed and another 7,000 wounded. The capture of Vimy was more than just an important battlefield victory.  For the first time all four Canadian divisions attacked together: men from all regions of Canada were present at the battle. Brigadier-General A.E. Ross declared after the war, "in those few minutes I witnessed the birth of a nation." Vimy became a symbol for the sacrifice of the young Dominion. In 1922, the French government ceded to Canada in perpetuity Vimy Ridge, and the land surrounding it. The gleaming white marble and haunting sculptures of the Vimy Memorial , unveiled in 1936, stand as a terrible and poignant reminder of the 11,285 Canadian soldiers killed in France w


Which battle does Anzac Day specifically commemorate?

Anzac Day: Commemorate or celebrate? - BBC News BBC News Anzac Day: Commemorate or celebrate? 20 April 2015 Image copyright Getty Images Image caption In New Zealand, Anzac Day tends to be commemorated in a reflective fashion Anzac Day, 25 April, is probably Australia's most important national occasion. It marks the anniversary of the first campaign that led to major casualties for Australian and New Zealand forces during World War One and commemorates all the conflicts that followed. This year marks the centenary of that first bloody battle on the shores of Gallipoli. It will be remembered across the country and in Turkey with special ceremonies and exhibitions. In this second feature in our series on Gallipoli, Megan Lane for BBC News looks at how New Zealand commemorates its role in the battle. It can be revealing to ask children born 90 years after the World War One campaign fought by the Australia and New Zealand Army Corps (Anzac) what they think the initials stand for. "Appreciation New Zealand Australia Co-operation," suggested one pupil in a straw poll of 10-year-old primary school students in New Zealand's Wellington and Australia's Melbourne - a pleasingly wrong answer that said much about Anzac Day in the 21st Century. Co-operation was a popular choice for the New Zealand 10-year-olds, while the Australians were more likely to opt for "crew" - a modern, matey version of "corps". Co-operation and crew. Wrong but also right. Image copyright AAP Image caption Around 8,500 Australians and nearly 3,000 New Zealanders died at Gallipoli, as well as 87,000 Turks On 25 April 1915, soldiers from Australia and New Zealand landed at Gallipoli Cove, part of an Allied effort to capture the peninsula from the Ottoman Empire. Collectively termed Anzacs by a military clerk keen to fit the name on a rubber stamp, the acronym stuck. After an eight-month campaign, the Allies retreated in defeat after heavy losses on both sides. More than 87,000 Turks died, along with an estimated 44,000 men from the British Empire and France, including 8,500 Australians and nearly 3,000 New Zealanders - one in four of the Kiwis sent to Gallipoli. The first Anzac commemorations were held in 1916. A century later, these have morphed into big-budget productions in Australia, New Zealand and Turkey. While part of the international trend for war commemoration, Anzac Day has become more of a national day than Australia Day, says Prof Mark McKenna of the University of Sydney. By contrast, New Zealand regards Anzac Day as one of - not the - defining experience. Its national day marks the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi between Maori chiefs and the British Crown. "Australia went through a long debate in the 1980s and 1990s about its legacy of colonialism and dispossession [of local indigenous people]," says Prof McKenna. "Anzac Day was a less complicated alternative as it involved the 'honourable deaths' of Australians." Glyn Harper, professor of war studies at New Zealand's Massey University, agrees. "I don't think New Zealand's myths around Gallipoli are as strong as in Australia, where the term 'Anzac' has become almost sacred." He points to the contrasting moods on Anzac Day. "In New Zealand, the emphasis is on the dawn service. It's a time of reflection on the cost of war and how it shaped the country." "In Australia, the dawn service is important but the focus is on the 11am military parade. People clap and cheer as the military units go past. It starts with reflection but later it becomes something to celebrate." Image copyright AAP Image caption Australia tends to focus on its morning military parade to mark Anzac Day Why is there so much emphasis on this campaign? As interest in family history and war tourism has grown, so too has Anzac Day's popularity, says Charles Ferrall, an Australian expatriate at Victoria University of Wellington and co-editor of the book How We Remember: New Zealanders and the First World War. Image copyright Getty Images Image caption The sense of 'mateship' in the face of adversity has been the lasting legacy of the


Who wrote You smug-faced crowds with kindling eye, who cheer when soldier lads march by. Sneak hom and pray you'll never know, the hell where youth and laughter go?

Siegfried Sassoon - Wikiquote Siegfried Sassoon Soldiers are citizens of death's grey land, Drawing no dividend from time's to-morrows. In the great hour of destiny they stand, Each with his feuds, and jealousies, and sorrows. Siegfried Sassoon ( September 8 , 1886 – September 1 , 1967 ) was a British poet and writer, most famous for the poems he wrote as a soldier in World War I . Contents Sourced[ edit ] Let no one ever, from henceforth say one word in any way countenancing war. I have seen and endured the sufferings of the troops, and I can no longer be a party to prolong these sufferings for ends which I believe to be evil and unjust. I believe that I may help to destroy the callous complacency with which the majority of those at home regard the contrivance of agonies which they do not share, and which they have not sufficient imagination to realize. Let no one ever, from henceforth say one word in any way countenancing war. It is dangerous even to speak of how here and there the individual may gain some hardship of soul by it. For war is hell, and those who institute it are criminals. Were there even anything to say for it, it should not be said; for its spiritual disasters far outweigh any of its advantages. As quoted by Robert Nichols in his introduction to The Counter-Attack and Other Poems (1918) The visionless officialized fatuity That once kept Europe safe for Perpetuity. On reading the War Diary of a Defunct Ambassador A Soldier's Declaration (July 1917)[ edit ] I am making this statement as an act of wilful defiance of military authority, because I believe that the War is being deliberately prolonged by those who have the power to end it. I am a soldier, convinced that I am acting on behalf of soldiers. I believe that this War, on which I entered as a war of defence and liberation, has now become a war of aggression and conquest. I have seen and endured the sufferings of the troops, and I can no longer be a party to prolong these sufferings for ends which I believe to be evil and unjust. I am not protesting against the conduct of the war, but against the political errors and insincerities for which the fighting men are being sacrificed. On behalf of those who are suffering now I make this protest against the deception which is being practised on them; also I believe that I may help to destroy the callous complacency with which the majority of those at home regard the contrivance of agonies which they do not share, and which they have not sufficient imagination to realize. The Counter-Attack and Other Poems (1918)[ edit ] You smug-faced crowds with kindling eye Who cheer when soldier lads march by, Sneak home and pray you'll never know The hell where youth and laughter go. Well might the Dead who struggled in the slime Rise and deride this sepulchre of crime. Mute in the clamour of shells he watched them burst Spouting dark earth and wire with gusts from hell, While posturing giants dissolved in drifts of smoke. He crouched and flinched, dizzy with galloping fear, Sick for escape,— loathing the strangled horror And butchered, frantic gestures of the dead. Lost in a blurred confusion of yells and groans... Down, and down, and down, he sank and drowned, Bleeding to death. The counter-attack had failed. "Counter-Attack" Soldiers are citizens of death's grey land, Drawing no dividend from time's to-morrows. In the great hour of destiny they stand, Each with his feuds, and jealousies, and sorrows. Soldiers are dreamers; when the guns begin They think of firelit homes, clean beds, and wives. "Dreamers" If I were fierce, and bald, and short of breath, I'd live with scarlet Majors at the Base, And speed glum heroes up the line of death. I'd say — "I used to know his father well; Yes, we've lost heavily in this last scrap." And when the war is done and youth stone dead I'd toddle safely home and die — in bed. "Base Details" You smug-faced crowds with kindling eye Who cheer when soldier lads march by, Sneak home and pray you'll never know The hell where youth and laughter go. October's bellowing anger breakes and cleav


Which president was shot whilst reviewing a military parade in October 1981?

From the archive, 7 October 1981: President Sadat assassinated at army parade | From the Guardian | The Guardian From the archive, 7 October 1981: President Sadat assassinated at army parade Originally published in the Guardian on 7 October 1981 James MacManus Close CAIRO Egyptian leaders last night declared a state of emergency after the assassination of President Anwar Sadat at a military parade. As the news of Sadat's death reached an apprehensive world Vice-President Hosni Mubarak, the man most likely to follow Mr Sadat in power, announced on television that the Speaker of the Egyptian Parliament would take over formally as President until a successor is chosen. Last night Mr Mubarak pledged a continuity of the peace policies of his predecessor and said that he had assumed the position of commander in chief of the armed forces. The Vice-President announced a 40-day period of mourning and said that the state funeral would take place on Saturday. In Algeria, exiled Lt-Gen Saadeddin Shazli, once Sadat's chief of staff, called on the Egyptian armed forces to follow up the assassination by wresting power from leaders committed to "Zionism and imperialism". General Shazli's opposition movement, the National Front, appears to have been behind the murder of Sadat. But in Cairo, troops loyal to the Government and to Mubarak took over key buildings, and there were no signs that any serious effort at a coup was under way. Sadat's Arab enemies last night celebrated his death. In Beirut motorists sounded their horns in jubilation. In Damascus there was dancing in the streets. President Sadat was shot down at a parade marking the anniversary of Egyptian successes in the 1973 Yom Kippur war — the closest any Arab state has come to victory over Israel and the essential foundation for his later policy of peace with Israel. Dressed in one of the elaborate uniforms, Sadat and other ministers were watching a fly-past when dissident soldiers – or men dressed as soldiers – opened fire from a truck passing the reviewing stand. Grenades and Kalashnikov fire raked the benches, killing two of Sadat's aides, mortally wounding Sadat and injuring many others. The 63-year-old president was rushed by helicopter to hospital but died on the operating table. The Egyptian leadership closed ranks yesterday after the death of the man who had dominated their country after his takeover from President Gamal Abdel Nasser in 1970, and whose skill in alternating repression with reconciliation had kept it relatively stable. It was unclear whether his assassination was a direct result of the measures he recently took against opposition groups, including the fundamentalist Muslim movement. But there were few signs that the assassination was part of an organised coup attempt. James MacManus


Lee Harvey Oswald shot John F Kennedy, but who shot him?

Jack Ruby kills Lee Harvey Oswald - Nov 24, 1963 - HISTORY.com Jack Ruby kills Lee Harvey Oswald Share this: Jack Ruby kills Lee Harvey Oswald Author Jack Ruby kills Lee Harvey Oswald URL Publisher A+E Networks At 12:20 p.m., in the basement of the Dallas police station, Lee Harvey Oswald, the alleged assassin of President John F. Kennedy, is shot to death by Jack Ruby, a Dallas nightclub owner. On November 22, President Kennedy was fatally shot while riding in an open-car motorcade through the streets of downtown Dallas. Less than an hour after the shooting, Lee Harvey Oswald killed a policeman who questioned him on the street. Thirty minutes after that, he was arrested in a movie theater by police. Oswald was formally arraigned on November 23 for the murders of President Kennedy and Officer J.D. Tippit. On November 24, Oswald was brought to the basement of the Dallas police headquarters on his way to a more secure county jail. A crowd of police and press with live television cameras rolling gathered to witness his departure. As Oswald came into the room, Jack Ruby emerged from the crowd and fatally wounded him with a single shot from a concealed .38 revolver. Ruby, who was immediately detained, claimed that rage at Kennedy’s murder was the motive for his action. Some called him a hero, but he was nonetheless charged with first-degree murder. Jack Ruby, originally known as Jacob Rubenstein, operated strip joints and dance halls in Dallas and had minor connections to organized crime. He also had a relationship with a number of Dallas policemen, which amounted to various favors in exchange for leniency in their monitoring of his establishments. He features prominently in Kennedy-assassination theories, and many believe he killed Oswald to keep him from revealing a larger conspiracy. In his trial, Ruby denied the allegation and pleaded innocent on the grounds that his great grief over Kennedy’s murder had caused him to suffer “psychomotor epilepsy” and shoot Oswald unconsciously. The jury found him guilty of the “murder with malice” of Oswald and sentenced him to die. In October 1966, the Texas Court of Appeals reversed the decision on the grounds of improper admission of testimony and the fact that Ruby could not have received a fair trial in Dallas at the time. In January 1967, while awaiting a new trial, to be held in Wichita Falls, Ruby died of lung cancer in a Dallas hospital. The official Warren Commission report of 1964 concluded that neither Oswald nor Ruby were part of a larger conspiracy, either domestic or international, to assassinate President Kennedy. Despite its seemingly firm conclusions, the report failed to silence conspiracy theories surrounding the event, and in 1978 the House Select Committee on Assassinations concluded in a preliminary report that Kennedy was “probably assassinated as a result of a conspiracy” that may have involved multiple shooters and organized crime. The committee’s findings, as with those of the Warren Commission, continue to be widely disputed. Related Videos


In which year was John Lennon assassinated?

John Lennon shot dead by Mark David Chapman in 1980 - NY Daily News Legendary Beatles singer shot dead by Mark David Chapman John Lennon shot dead by Mark David Chapman in 1980 NEW YORK DAILY NEWS email John Lennon of the Beatles is shown in this Dec. 1980 photo taken days before his death. He was scheduled to finish his next album, a follow up to “Double Fantasy," that was released a month earlier and marked his comback after five years in retirement.  (AP) NEW YORK DAILY NEWS Sunday, December 7, 2014, 5:37 PM (Originally published by the Daily News on Dec. 9, 1980. This story was written by Patrick Doyle, Robert Lane and Hugh Bracken.) Former Beatle John Lennon, the 40-year-old lead singer of the most popular rock group in history, was shot to death last night as he stepped from a limousine outside his home in the Dakota, an exclusive apartment building on Central Park West and 72d St. Police arrested a suspect, “described as a local screwball,” minutes after the shooting and charged him with Lennon’s murder. The “smirking” suspect, identified as Mark David Chapman, 25, of Hawaii, was seen in the vicinity of the Dakota for several hours before the shooting and reportedly had hounded Lennon for an autograph several times in the last three or four days. Lennon and his Japanese-born wife, Yoko Ono, were returning to their apartment from a recording session when the shots rang out. Lennon was taken to Roosevelt Hospital in a police radio car and was pronounced dead on arrival in the emergency room. “We tried to save him,” said Dr. Stephen Lynn, director of emergency services. “We opened his chest and massaged his heart, but he was virtually dead when they brought him in.” Lennon’s body was then taken to the Bellevue Hospital morgue for an autopsy. The life and death of John Lennon Police said Lennon was shot several times at close range inside the large iron gate on the W. 72d St. side of the building and was bleeding profusely when he was placed in the radio car. Lynn said Lennon was brought into the emergency room a few minutes before 11 p.m. and was pronounced dead at 11:07 p.m. “Extensive resuscitation efforts were made, and despite transfusion and other methods, he could not be revived,” Lynn said. The doctor added that “significant damage had been done to a major vessel in the chest. There was a massive blood loss.” Police Officer James Moran, who drove the car that took Lennon to the hospital, said the singer “had no last words.” A witness to the shooting, Sean Strub, said he saw Chapman walk back and forth at the scene of the shooting and then drop a gun. Police said they later recovered a .38-caliber revolver near the courtyard. Front page of Tuesday, December 9, 1980, edition of the Daily News, with headline reading "John Lennon Slain Here - Ex-Beatle Shot; Nab Suspect." Shows Yoko Ono being helped from Roosevelt Hospital by David Geffen. (Kappock, Gene) John Lennon shot story (New York Daily News) Strub said Chapman, whom he described as pudgy and dressed in a brown jacket, scuffled with the police immediately after they arrived on the scene. “Chapman almost had a smirk on his face,” Strub said. A woman who identified herself as Nina McFadden of W. 94th St. said she heard the shots and then watched as Chapman paced back and forth and threw his jacket to the ground. “I saw John and Yoko step out of the limousine,” she said. “They walked inside the gate. Then I heard four or five shots. They were loud, ear-shattering. “I heard Yoko scream, ‘Help, help. Help him’,” McFadden said. “It was then that I saw the man with the gun and watched him drop it from his side to the ground,” McFadden said. John Lennon and his wife, Yoko Ono, arrive at The Hit Factory, a recording studio in New York City, the summer before Lennon was murdered outside the Dakota on Dec. 8th. (STEVE SANDS/AP) She said she then saw a man walk over to the building security guard and heard him say, “I would leave here if I were you.” Six policemen put Lennon into the car for the mile ride to the hospital. The sobbing Yoko, who has told interviewers she


Who stabbed Jean-Paul Marat in his bath in 1793, an act which has later been seen as patriotic?

jean paul marat : definition of jean paul marat and synonyms of jean paul marat (English) Parents Jean (Giovanni) Mara, Louise Cabrol Jean-Paul Marat (24 May 1743 – 13 July 1793), born in the Principality of Neuchâtel , was a physician, political theorist, and scientist best known for his career in France as a radical journalist and politician during the French Revolution . His journalism was renowned for its fiery character and uncompromising stance toward "enemies of the revolution" and basic reforms for the poorest members of society. Marat was one of the more extreme voices of the French Revolution, and he became a vigorous defender of the sans-culottes ; he broadcast his views through impassioned public speaking, essay writing, and newspaper journalism, which carried his message throughout France. Marat's radical denunciations of counter-revolutionaries supported much of the violence that occurred during the wartime phases of the French Revolution. His constant persecution of "enemies of the people," consistent condemnatory message, and uncanny prophetic powers brought him the trust of the populace and made him their unofficial link to the radical Jacobin group that came to power in June 1793. He was murdered in his bathtub by Charlotte Corday , a Girondist sympathizer. Contents 12 External links   Scientist and physician This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . (July 2011) Jean-Paul Marat was born in Boudry in the Prussian Principality of Neuchâtel , now part of Switzerland, on 24 May 1743. [1] He was the second of nine children born to Jean Mara (Giovanni Mara), a native of Cagliari , Sardinia, and Louise Cabrol, a French Huguenot from Castres . His father was a Mercedarian "commendator" and religious refugee who converted to Calvinism in Geneva . At the age of sixteen, Marat left home and set off in search of fame and fortune, aware of the limited opportunities for outsiders. His highly educated father had been turned down for several secondary teaching posts. His first post was as a private tutor to the wealthy Nairac family in Bordeaux . After two years there he moved on to Paris where he studied medicine without gaining any formal qualifications. Moving to London around 1765, for fear of being "drawn into dissipation", he set himself up informally as a doctor, befriended the Royal Academician artist Angelika Kauffmann , and began to mix with Italian artists and architects in the coffee houses around Soho . Highly ambitious, but without patronage or qualifications, he set about imposing himself into the intellectual scene with essays on philosophy ("A philosophical Essay on Man", published 1773) and political theory ("Chains of Slavery", published 1774). [2] Voltaire 's sharp critique in defense of his friend Helvétius brought the young Marat to wider attention for the first time and reinforced his growing sense of a wide division between the materialists, grouped around Voltaire on one hand, and their opponents, grouped around Rousseau on the other. [3] Around 1770, Marat moved to Newcastle upon Tyne , possibly gaining employment as a veterinarian. His first political work Chains of Slavery, inspired by the activities of the MP and Mayor John Wilkes , was most probably compiled in the central library here. By Marat's own colourful account, he lived on black coffee for three months, during its composition, sleeping only two hours a night – and then slept soundly for thirteen days in a row. [4] He gave it the subtitle, "A work in which the clandestine and villainous attempts of Princes to ruin Liberty are pointed out, and the dreadful scenes of Despotism disclosed". It earned him honorary membership of the patriotic societies of Berwick , Carlisle and Newcastle . The Newcastle Literary and Philosophical Society Library [5] possesses a copy, and Tyne and Wear Archives Service holds three presented to the various Newcastle guilds. A published essay on curing a friend of gl


Which is the only British Prime Minister to have been assassinated?

The Assassination of the Prime Minister, Spencer Perceval | The Public Domain Review ..or BROWSE BY TAG The Assassination of the Prime Minister, Spencer Perceval Only once has a British Prime Minister been assassinated. Two hundred years ago, on the 11th May 1812, John Bellingham shot dead the Rt. Hon. Spencer Perceval as he entered the House of Commons. David C. Hanrahan tells the story. Illustration of the shooting, artist unknown. (Source: Norris Museum) On Monday 11 May, 1812, an unremarkable, anonymous man, just over forty years of age, made his way to the Houses of Parliament. The man had become a frequent visitor there over the previous few weeks, sitting in the gallery of the House of Commons and carefully examining the various members of the government through his opera glasses. At 5.00 p.m. on this particular day he walked into the lobby that led to the House of Commons and sat near the fireplace. No-one could have known that he was carrying, concealed on his person, two loaded pistols. As it was a fine evening Mr. Spencer Perceval, the Tory First Lord of the Treasury, or Prime Minister, had decided to dispense with his carriage and walk from No. 10, Downing Street, to the Houses of Parliament.  He arrived there around 5.15pm, entered the building and walked down the corridor towards the lobby entrance to the House of Commons. He handed his coat to the officer positioned outside the doors to the lobby. As Mr. Perceval entered the lobby a number of people were gathered around in conversation as was the usual practice. Most turned to look at him as he came through the doorway. No-one noticed as the quiet man stood up from beside the fire place, removing a pistol from his inner pocket as he did so. Neither did anyone notice as the man walked calmly towards the Prime Minister. When he was close enough, without saying a word, the man fired his pistol directly at Mr. Perceval’s chest. The Prime Minister staggered forward before falling to the ground, calling out as he did so words that witnesses later recalled in different ways as: “I am murdered!” or ‘Murder, Murder’ or ‘Oh God!’ or ‘Oh my God!’ Amid the confusion, a number of people raised Mr. Perceval from the ground and carried him into the nearby Speaker’s apartments. They placed him in a sitting position on a table, supporting him on either side. Most ominously, the Prime Minister had not uttered a single word since falling on the floor of the lobby, and the only noises to have emanated from him since had been a few pathetic sobs. After a short time Mr. Smith MP, on failing to find any perceptible sign of a pulse, announced his terrible conclusion to the group of stunned onlookers that the Prime Minister was dead. The Assassination of Spencer Perceval, illustration by Walter Stanley Paget (1861-1908) from Cassell's Illustrated History of England. Vol.5 (1909) Before long Mr. William Lynn, a surgeon situated at No. 15 Great George Street, arrived on the scene and confirmed that Mr. Smith was indeed correct. The surgeon noted the blood all over the deceased Prime Minister’s coat and white waistcoat. His examination of the body revealed a wound on the left side of the chest over the fourth rib. It was obvious that a rather large pistol ball had entered there. Mr. Lynn probed an instrument into the wound and found that it went downwards and inwards towards the heart. The wound was more than three inches deep. The Prime Minister, who was not yet fifty years of age, left behind a widow, Jane, and twelve children. In the shock of what had happened, the assassin was almost forgotten. The man had not attempted to escape as he might well have done amid the confusion. Instead, he had returned quietly to his seat beside the fireplace. The identity of the man was revealed as John Bellingham, not a violent radical but a businessman from Liverpool. The details of his story soon began to emerge. As a result of a dispute with some Russian Businessmen, Bellingham had been imprisoned in Russia in 1804 accused of owing a debt. He had been held in various pr


Politician Airey Neave was assassinated in Westminster in 1979 - how was the killing carried out?

BBC ON THIS DAY | 30 | 1979: Car bomb kills Airey Neave About This Site | Text Only 1979: Car bomb kills Airey Neave Shadow Northern Ireland Secretary Airey Neave has been killed by a car bomb as he left the House of Commons car park. The bomb, said to be highly sophisticated, exploded as Mr Neave began driving up the exit ramp shortly before 1500GMT. Emergency services were on the scene in minutes. The 63-year-old Conservative MP, known for his tough line on anti-IRA security, was taken to Westminster Hospital where he died from his injuries. So far two groups, the Provisional IRA and the Irish Natonal Liberation Army, have claimed they carried out the killing. It is not yet known when the bomb was attached to his car but investigators believe a timing device and trembler - which detonates the bomb through movement - were used to ensure the bomb went off as Mr Neave was leaving the Commons. The area around Parliament Square was immediately closed as police began a full-scale search of the premises. Despite increased threats to the safety of MPs not all cars are checked fully as they enter the car park. Gilbert Kellard, assistant commissioner of the Metropolitan Police said Mr Neave was aware of the dangers and was "happy and content" with his security. Conservative leader Margaret Thatcher led tributes to Mr Neave saying: "He was one of freedom's warriors. Courageous, staunch, true. He lived for his beliefs and now he has died for them." Prime Minister James Callaghan said: "No effort will be spared to bring the murderers to justice and to rid the United Kingdom of the scourge of terrorism." The killing is thought to have been timed to coincide with the start of the election campaign which was announced yesterday. Mr Neave was a close adviser to Mrs Thatcher, he led her campaign to become the Conservative Party leader and headed her private office.


Which British jounalist was shot outside her home in Fulham 1999?

BBC News | UK | BBC presenter shot dead Monday, April 26, 1999 Published at 14:55 GMT 15:55 UK UK BBC presenter shot dead Jill Dando presented Crimewatch and Holiday BBC television presenter Jill Dando has died after she was shot in the head on the doorstep of her home. Ms Dando, 37, who presented Crimewatch UK and Holiday, suffered a fatal brain injury in the attack in Fulham, west London. She was taken to nearby Charing Cross Hospital, where she was confirmed dead on arrival at 1303 BST (1203 GMT). Her post mortem examination later revealed that she had received a single gunshot wound to the head. Police are combing the street for clues A Scotland Yard statement said: "A post mortem held today at Fulham mortuary established the cause of death as a brain injury caused by a single gunshot wound to the head." There had been early reports that she suffered multiple stab wounds, but one neighbour in Gowan Avenue said he had heard a gunshot. The BBC's Kate Adie: "The kind of woman who had no enemies" The Queen said she was "shocked and saddened" by the news of the death of Ms Dando, who helped the Duke of York to promote the Fight for Sight charity. Prime Minister Tony Blair also spoke of his shock at the death. Ms Dando's fianc�, gynaecologist Alan Farthing, said: ''I am totally devastated and unable to comprehend what has happened. Jill was respected for her professional ability, admired by all who met her and adored by anyone who got to know her.'' Police, who have launched a murder inquiry, later cordoned off the footpath next to the River Thames from Putney Bridge. There were unconfirmed reports that a man jumped off the bridge, or was stopped as he tried to jump. The BBC's Nick Higham: "An enormous tragedy" Detectives want to speak to a man seen running from the murder scene. He was described as white, tall, in his late 30s or early 40s, with dark hair, clean-shaven and wearing a green Barbour jacket. Richard Hughes: She was covered in blood Neighbours called the emergency services after they saw her collapsed and seriously injured in the doorway of the house in Gowan Avenue at 1147 BST. Richard Hughes, 32, who lives next door to Miss Dando, said: "I heard her scream, it was a distinctive scream, she sounded quite surprised. Jill Dando's neighbour Richard Hughes: "I heard a scream" "I opened the shutters and saw a man, he was well dressed, he was wearing a Barbour-style jacket and at first I thought it must have been a friend of Jill's as he looked very respectable. "I went to the door and saw her lying on the doorstep, she was unconscious and covered in blood. I was obviously shocked. I took a look at her and she wasn't breathing." Nick Ross: "She was everything one could want in a colleague and friend" Police are appealing for anyone with information to ring 0181 246 0730 or 0181 246 0734. Jill Dando was hugely popular among BBC viewers, her bright presenting style proving a hit in a variety of programmes. BBC News Online received more than 2,000 tributes from users within three hours of posting a page on the Internet. Her co-presenter on Crimewatch UK, Nick Ross, said: "The shock is palpable. I can't believe we are talking about her in the past tense." Safety concern Ms Dando and Nick Ross presented last week's show, which featured unsolved crimes including the Brixton nail bomb blast. Scotland Yard said there was no evidence that linked the murder with the programme. The BBC's Lindsey Marnoch: "Her personality seemingly perfectly matched for the sunny and upbeat features she presented" But the presenter told police earlier this year at a reception to mark the 10th anniversary of Crimewatch UK that she was concerned about her safety. Last year there were reports that Ms Dando had been stalked by a fan, who had subjected her to frightening phone calls and letters. Tony Hall, chief executive of BBC News, said: "I think we have to think carefully about people in the public eye and what protection if any they should have." BBC Director General Sir John Birt said: "Everyone at the BBC is devastated. She was a much-loved


Which Gerry Anderson TV character is modelled upon James Garner?

Stingray (TV Series 1964–1965) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Gerry Anderson's third SF supermarionation saga told the adventures of the WASPs (the World Aquanaut Security Patrol) as they explored the oceans and kept the world safe from a variety of ... See full summary  » Creators: Troy and Phones rescue a comatose man and take him back to Marineville for treatment. 8.4 The Stingray crew is assigned to make monthly visits to Professor Darren and his team, who have developed a method for making gold from minerals taken from the sea bed. 8.2 Duke Dexter the world's most famous singer will be visiting Marineville for a benefit concert. Titan, although unsure who Dexter is, decides he could be valuable to Titanica's plans and arranges for ... 8.1 a list of 43 titles created 29 Mar 2011 a list of 46 titles created 26 Oct 2011 a list of 50 titles created 19 Aug 2012 a list of 25 titles created 03 Nov 2013 a list of 25 titles created 29 Oct 2014 Search for " Stingray " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. A literally unkillable agent leads an international intelligence agency's fight against an extra-terrestrial terror campaign. Stars: Francis Matthews, Ed Bishop, Donald Gray The adventures of a preteen secret agent who can have any useful skills downloaded into his brain. Stars: Len Jones, Rupert Davies, Keith Alexander In the 21st century, the Tracy family operate a unique private mechanized emergency response service. Stars: Sylvia Anderson, Peter Dyneley, David Graham Fireball XL5 was part of the fleet of interplanetary rockets protecting Sector 25 of the Solar System from alien invasion under the supervision of the World Space Patrol. In command of XL5 ... See full summary  » Stars: Paul Maxwell, Sylvia Anderson, David Graham The International Rescue team is faced with one of its toughest challenges yet, as the revolutionary lighter-than-air craft Skyship One is hijacked while on her maiden voyage around the ... See full summary  » Director: David Lane Gerry Anderson's first science fiction Supermarionation series. Super Car was a prototype vehicle that could travel in the air, on land or beneath the sea. Its test pilot was Mike Mercury, ... See full summary  » Stars: David Graham, Graydon Gould, Sylvia Anderson In the year 2020 Earth is under threat from Martian androids who want revenge on the human race. They consist of Zelda, her son Yung-star and her sister called Cy-star. An organisation is ... See full summary  » Stars: Jeremy Hitchen, Denise Bryer, Anne Ridler Children's animation from the 'Smallfilms' team of Postgate and Firmin. In the 'top, left hand corner of Wales' runs an archaic railway line staffed by such characters as Jones the Steam ... See full summary  » Stars: Olwen Griffiths, Anthony Jackson, Oliver Postgate Camberwick Green (TV Series 1966) Animation | Family Iconic British children's animated series set in the fictional, picturesque village of the title. Each episode opens with a character emerging from a music box and they will be the central character of the forthcoming story. Stars: Brian Cant     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.6/10 X   A sequel, of sorts, to Camberwick Green but set in the larger, nearby town of Trumpton. Each episode opens with the town hall clock and ends with the fire brigade band playing. Every show tells the story of one of the townsfolk. Stars: Brian Cant Popular British children's animation series, repeated almost constantly since 1971. Mr Benn is the ordinary, bowler-hatted office worker who lives in the ordinary suburban street of Festive... See full summary  » Stars: Ray Brooks The Wombles (TV Series 1973) Animation | Family The misadventures of a fantasy folk community dedicated to cleaning up litter and put it to their own use. Stars: Berna


In which fictional county would you find DCI Tom Barnaby?

Chief Inspector Barnaby series by Caroline Graham Chief Inspector Barnaby series 9 works, 7 primary works Tom Barnaby is the Detective Chief Inspector of the fictional English county of Midsomer. The character of DCI Barnaby is featured in the television mystery series Midsomer Murders.


Which board game is also known as Reversi?

Quick Games – Reversi, also known as, Othello! | Tame The Board Game Tame The Board Game Home Quick Games – Reversi, also known as, Othello! Quick Games – Reversi, also known as, Othello! Creator(s):  John W. Mollett ,  Lewis Waterman  (Designers) and  Kinetic  (Artist) Othello is a great game; for anyone that knows it, they’ll know how much fun it is, and for anyone who doesn’t, it’s quick and easy to learn and it keeps you on your toes as the table can turn at literally any point in the game. You can be winning right up until the last few pieces are laid and then find yourself the loser! It’s definitely not as quick as Fanarona , but can still easily be played in less than half an hour. The pictures in this post are larger than they have been in previous posts, due to the shape of the board and the angle that we had the camera at. There are also less photos, as the game is not very complicated and we felt that filling the post with pictures would just be throwing images at you that you didn’t need, or, probably, want. Othello starting position History and Things: The game was invented at the end of the 19th century; both Lewis Waterman and John W. Mollett (two Englishmen) claimed to be the inventors of the game. The first ever versions of the game were produced in 1882 by Waterman and Mollett themselves. It was patented in 1888 and published under the name Reversi in 1898. Reversi was based on a game invented by Mollett in 1870 called The Game of Annexation (or Annex for short), the only known difference between this game and Reversi is that Annex is played on a board shaped like a cross. So instead of the 8×8 – essentially a chess board – that Reversi/Othello is played on Annex was played on an 10×4 cross. In 1880, in a publication of The Queen, Waterman proposed a new version of Annex, called Reversi, to be played on a conventional Chess Board, and named himself inventor, he registered the name in 1887. In 1886 Mollett published the same game with the name Annex, a game of reverses. Mollett was initially not allowed to use the word ‘reverses’, so he appealed, won and the word ‘Reversi’ was freed. Whilst the Waterman release of Reversi was not sold with a board – the box stated that you had to play it on a chess board – the Mollett version was sold with a cheap paper 8×8 board and carried the Annex, or Annexation name. From reading all this it’s clear that Mollett was the primary creator of the game, he was responsible for the original rules and game pieces, where Waterman is responsible for the board shape, size, and the name Reversi. Jumping forward almost 100 years to 1971. Goro Hasegawa reinvented the game, naming it Othello with the rule set currently used on the international tournament stage; the Japanese games company Tsukada Original published it. (I managed to make ten points this time!!) Othello was chosen as a name for many reasons – all of them deriving from Shakespeare’s play. I’ve put a few in here; Iago makes a direct reference to how he is “two faced” in the play, which accounts for the double-sided black-and-white playing pieces which are continually flipped throughout the game. There is also the conflict between black Othello and Desdemona who is white to be considered. For those who have an interest in Shakespeare, the similarities continue – reread Othello and see how many you can find! Game Play! In Othello players take it in turns to place pieces and black always moves first. When placing pieces you must be able to “take” the other players pieces. To take pieces you must be able to trap their pieces between two of your own on a horizontal, vertical or diagonal line, doing this means that you flip all the pieces on that line to your colour. there are occasions when you can place a piece that completes two or more lines, this means you can flip every piece of the other colour that is on a line you’ve just created. If you cannot place a piece anywhere that allows you to take, or flip, your opponents pieces, you forfeit your turn and your opponent continues to place pieces until a move becomes avail


Which David Essex hit was co-written by Mike Batt & Tim Rice?

A Winters Tale David Essex MIDI File | Hit Trax Melody Channel: 4 Video for A Winters Tale by David Essex Watch this Hit Trax song video of A Winters Tale in the style of David Essex for a preview of this Hit Trax backing track. The audio file used in this video contains the same song data we program in the MIDI File backing track. Some tracks may include sampled instruments from high quality sample libraries. Most times we record the audio direct from the outputs of a MIDI File player like a MERISH, Roland or Yamaha device. TECHNICAL NOTES for A Winters Tale in the style of David Essex. It’s important to remember sonic results may vary in different MIDI File players and devices, including sound libraries. Hit Trax assumes buyers know the capabilities and limitations of their MIDI playback devices, sound library, related devices and apps. Click the 'Show all David Essex MIDI File Backing Tracks box’. to view all Hit Trax titles by David Essex.


Pound, cup and foot are all types of what?

Customary measuring units worksheets You are here: Home → Worksheets → customary units Customary measuring units worksheets Create an unlimited supply of worksheets for conversion of customary measurement units (inches, feet, yards, miles, ounces, pounds, tons, ounces, cups, pints, quarts, and gallons). The worksheets can be made in html or PDF format — both are easy to print. You can also customize them using the generator below . Conversions between measuring units are studied all through elementary school, starting with very easy problems in grades 3-4 and advancing to converting measurements that use decimals in grades 5-7. On this page you will find measuring worksheets for: Grade 6 Basic instructions for the worksheets Each worksheet is randomly generated and thus unique. The answer key is automatically generated and is placed on the second page of the file. You can generate the worksheets either in html or PDF format — both are easy to print. To get the PDF worksheet, simply push the button titled "Create PDF" or "Make PDF worksheet". To get the worksheet in html format, push the button "View in browser" or "Make html worksheet". This has the advantage that you can save the worksheet directly from your browser (choose File → Save) and then edit it in Word or other word processing program. Sometimes the generated worksheet is not exactly what you want. Just try again! To get a different worksheet using the same options: PDF format: come back to this page and push the button again. Html format: simply refresh the worksheet page in your browser window. Measurement unit worksheets for grade 3 (and grade 4) Whole feet and inches - easy (3 ft = ____ in or 60 in = ___ ft)


A UK Number 1 for Diana Ross in March 1986 written by the Bee Gees?

CHAIN REACTION - Diana Ross & The Bee Gees - YouTube CHAIN REACTION - Diana Ross & The Bee Gees Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Apr 21, 2015 "Chain Reaction" is a melodic R&B song, sung by Diana Ross, and written by the Bee Gees, who also provided the backing vocals for the single. The track was released on the album Eaten Alive in 1985 and as a single twice - in 1985 and again in 1986. According to the Gibbs biography, the brothers had initial reservations about offering the song to Ross in case it was too Motown-like for her. The single became Diana's second #1 hit in the UK Singles Chart. The song also hit #1 in Australia and was the top selling single of the year (1986) in that country. In New Zealand, it peaked at No. 3. In 1993, the song broke the UK top 20 again. The song fared poorly in the US where it initially peaked at a disappointing #95 on the Billboard Hot 100 late in 1985. A few months later, a remixed version of the song was issued as a single (Ross performed this version of the song on the American Music Awards, which she hosted that year). The new version re-entered the chart and performed better, but with the diminished momentum, it stalled at #66 in Billboard and #77 in Cash Box. Nearly thirty years later, the song stands as Ross's last appearance on both 100-position charts. Diana Ernestine Earle Ross (born March 26, 1944) is an American singer, actress, record producer and an occasional songwriter. Born and raised in Detroit, she rose to fame as a founding member and lead singer of the vocal group The Supremes, which, during the 1960s, became Motown's most successful act and is to this day America's most successful vocal group as well as one of the world's best-selling girl groups of all time. As part of the Supremes, Ross most notably rivaled the career of the Beatles in worldwide popularity, and her success made it possible for future African American R&B and soul acts to find mainstream success. The group set a record scoring twelve number-one hit singles on the Billboard Hot 100. Following her departure from the Supremes in 1970, Ross released her debut solo album, Diana Ross, which contained the hits "Reach Out and Touch (Somebody's Hand)" and the #1 hit "Ain't No Mountain High Enough". She released the album Touch Me in the Morning in 1973. Its title track reached #1 becoming her second solo hit. By 1975, the Mahogany soundtrack included her 3rd number-one hit "Theme from Mahogany (Do You Know Where You're Going To)". Her 1976 album Diana Ross included her fourth #1 hit "Love Hangover". In 1979, Ross released her first gold certified album The Boss. Her 1980 album Diana which reached #2 on the Billboard albums chart and spawned the #1 hit "Upside Down" and the international hit "I'm Coming Out". After leaving Motown, Ross achieved her sixth and final #1 hit with the duet "Endless Love". Category


Who won an Academy Award for best supporting actor forThe Fighter?

The Fighter - Awards - IMDb Mark Wahlberg THE FIGHTER packs a punch with such power that it smashes through the boxing genre and into a ... More THE FIGHTER packs a punch with such power that it smashes through the boxing genre and into a higher class. This true American tale is celebrated by director David O. Russell as an exploration of competitive dysfunction, while championing the fighter in each of the film's characters. Mark Wahlberg stands tall and proud as the significant heart of a film filled with knockout performances from Melissa Leo, Amy Adams and Christian Bale's Dicky, "The Pride of Lowell," who spars with inner demons, but finds the will to be in his brother's corner when it counts. African-American Film Critics Association (AAFCA) 2010 Won


An idiom meaning a no win situation came from which novel by Joseph Heller?

Catch-22 - Idioms by The Free Dictionary Catch-22 - Idioms by The Free Dictionary http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/Catch-22 Related to Catch-22: Joseph Heller Catch-22 A no-win dilemma or paradox, similar to damned if I do, damned if I don't . For example, You can't get a job without experience, but you can't get experience unless you have a job-it's Catch-22 . The term gained currency as the title of a 1961 war novel by Joseph Heller, who referred to an Air Force rule whereby a pilot continuing to fly combat missions without asking for relief is regarded as insane, but is considered sane enough to continue flying if he does make such a request. catch-22 n. a directive that is impossible to obey without violating some other, equally important, directive. There was nothing I could do. It was a classic catch-22. Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: Write what you mean clearly and correctly. References in periodicals archive ? With regard to the frequency of negation in Catch-22 and in the sections of general fiction in LOB-K and Brown-K, the most important conclusion is that negation is more frequent in Catch-22 than in LOB-K or Brown-K. Prot U It's a catch-22 for bathing operations in a nursing home: The demands of safer technology and risks of Legionella liability have stirred a trend toward institutional acceptance of the need to store hot water at 140[degrees]F or more and maintain water at 124[degrees]F or more in hot-water lines--temperatures that will neutralize or kill all bacteria. Bathing safety for the elderly and disabled: can residents be protected from all hazards posed by bathing water? Technology's answer Byatt's Essential Guide (0099452219) covers all her major themes, narrative techniques, and writings; Iris Murdoch (0099452227) covers Murdoch's works of literature and reveals the source of her ideas; and American Fiction: The Essential Guide (0099445069) provides an overview analysis of the major themes to American classics Catcher In The Rye, To Kill A Mockingbird, Native Son, and Catch-22.


Tufted, Ruddy and Mandarin are types of which bird species?

Ducks | North American Birds | Birds of North America Birds of North America Lives, Habitats & Pictures of Ducks Enter Bird's Name in Search Box: www.birds-of-north-america.net There are at least twenty-eight types of ducks living in North America, not included in these water birds are the eiders, loons, mergansers, smews, scoters and teals. Among these different types, the birds can be grouped again into puddle, aka "dabbling" and diving ducks. The dabblers mostly feed in smaller bodies of shallow water or along shorelines, where they are able to tip their bodies forward to reach their food on the bottom. There are divers who feed in deeper water where they dive and pursue their quarry. Some of these birds, the Harlequin Duck for example, actually dives to the bottom of fast-flowing waters and feeds on life forms attached to rocks. Click on the bird names listed below to see pictures of Ducks of North America


Lapsang souchong | WikiTea | Fandom powered by Wikia Edit High grade lapsang souchong possesses a taste of dried longan for the first few brews. Lapsang souchong's flavour is strong and smoky, similar to the smell of a barbecue or campfire , or of Latakia pipe tobacco. The flavour of the pine smoke is meant to complement the natural taste of the black tea, but should not overwhelm it. Tea merchants marketing to westerners note that this variety of tea generally produces a strong reaction—with most online reviews extremely positive or strongly negative. Tea connoisseurs often note that Formosan lapsang souchong typically has a stronger flavour and aroma, the most extreme being tarry souchong (smoked, as the name implies, over burning pine tar). Smoke roast Edit Smoke roast (熏焙 xun bei): Roasting in a bamboo basket called honglong (烘笼) that is heated over burning firewood, which contributes to the dried longan aroma and smoky flavor. Pine tree was used as the firewood for lapsang souchong and contains the characteristic resin aroma and taste. Chemistry Edit The unique aroma of lapsang souchong is due to a variety of chemical compounds. The two most abundant constituents of the aroma are longifolene and α-terpineol . Many of the compounds making up the aroma of lapsang souchong, including longifolene, originate only in the pine smoke, and are not found in other kinds of tea. [1] Cultural references Edit In American author James A. Michener's 1974 historical novel Centennial , Rocky Mountain fur trapper Alexander McKeag describes lapsang souchong as "a man's tea, deep and subtle and blended in some rugged place," ... "better even than whisky." [2] In Star Trek: The Next Generation, Captain Picard's tea of choice was originally intended by actor Patrick Stewart to be lapsang souchong, but was changed to  Earl Grey  by the writers, as it was more familiar with the American audience. Colin Hay , singer from the Australian band Men at Work references lapsang souchong in his song "Beautiful World," from his 2001 album Going Somewhere . The hit TV show, The Mentalist, the protagonist's (Patrick Jane, an inveterate tea drinker) favorite tea is Lapsang Souchong.   References


Who created the character of Brigit Jones?

· November 16, 2016 · "Helen Fielding has been delighting readers since 1996 with the Bridget Jones series, books that both reinvented and exalted the diary format. Bridget is back in Mad About The Boy, and as wonderfully human as ever. This third installment in the series weaves together the messy, manic, utterly relatable diary entries we expect, with some delightfully 2010s additions (Bridget Jones on Twitter!) Our heroine has a whole new host of twists and turns to navigate in the digital age. Be prepared for some real time emotion as well, amid the hijinks"


Which 1949 British film featured the character of Harry Lime?

The Third Man (1949) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC Pulp novelist Holly Martins travels to shadowy, postwar Vienna, only to find himself investigating the mysterious death of an old friend, Harry Lime. Director: a list of 47 titles created 29 Nov 2011 a list of 34 titles created 28 Dec 2012 a list of 25 titles created 19 Aug 2014 a list of 22 titles created 24 Feb 2015 a list of 25 titles created 3 months ago Title: The Third Man (1949) 8.3/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won     1     Oscar. Another    4 wins & 4 nominations. See more awards  » Videos A stark, perverse story of murder, kidnapping, and police corruption in a Mexican border town. Director: Orson Welles A hack screenwriter writes a screenplay for a former silent-film star who has faded into Hollywood obscurity. Director: Billy Wilder An insurance representative lets himself be talked into a murder/insurance fraud scheme that arouses an insurance investigator's suspicions. Director: Billy Wilder A private detective takes on a case that involves him with three eccentric criminals, a gorgeous liar, and their quest for a priceless statuette. Director: John Huston Fred Dobbs and Bob Curtin, two Americans searching for work in Mexico, convince an old prospector to help them mine for gold in the Sierra Madre Mountains. Director: John Huston Following the death of a publishing tycoon, news reporters scramble to discover the meaning of his final utterance. Director: Orson Welles When the police in a German city are unable to catch a child-murderer, other criminals join in the manhunt. Director: Fritz Lang A man tries to rise in his company by letting its executives use his apartment for trysts, but complications and a romance of his own ensue. Director: Billy Wilder When two male musicians witness a mob hit, they flee the state in an all-female band disguised as women, but further complications set in. Director: Billy Wilder A hapless New York advertising executive is mistaken for a government agent by a group of foreign spies, and is pursued across the country while he looks for a way to survive. Director: Alfred Hitchcock A veteran British barrister must defend his client in a murder trial that has surprise after surprise. Director: Billy Wilder A self-conscious bride is tormented by the memory of her husband's dead first wife. Director: Alfred Hitchcock Edit Storyline An out of work pulp fiction novelist, Holly Martins, arrives in a post war Vienna divided into sectors by the victorious allies, and where a shortage of supplies has lead to a flourishing black market. He arrives at the invitation of an ex-school friend, Harry Lime, who has offered him a job, only to discover that Lime has recently died in a peculiar traffic accident. From talking to Lime's friends and associates Martins soon notices that some of the stories are inconsistent, and determines to discover what really happened to Harry Lime. Written by Mark Thompson <mrt@oasis.icl.co.uk> Carol Reed's Classic Thriller See more  » Genres: 31 August 1949 (UK) See more  » Also Known As: The 3rd Man See more  » Filming Locations: $13,576        (USA) (7 May 1999) Gross: Graham Greene 's only original screenplay. See more » Goofs In the sewer, before putting his fingers through the grate, Harry Lime holds the stair's supporting pole with his right hand, but the gun should be in his hand, as displayed before and after this shot. See more » Quotes Opening credits prologue: V I E N N A See more » Connections That Terrific B&W Cinematography 20 June 2009 | by Lechuguilla (Dallas, Texas) – See all my reviews In a bombed-out Vienna just after WWII, novelist Holly Martins (Joseph Cotten) arrives from America to renew a friendship with his childhood buddy, Harry