Rudolphe Raspe is best known for writing about whom?

The Adventures of Baron Munchausen (Forgotten Books): Amazon.es: Rudolph Erich Raspe: Libros en idiomas extranjeros DescripciÃ³n del producto Reseña del editor The Adventures of Baron Munchausen is one of the most famous book of tall tales. It is based on stories told by Karl Friedrich von MÃ¼nchhausen, a retired army captain, who was noted for his exaggerated and fantastic accounts of his war adventures and hunting experiences. The German scientist and librarian Rudolf Erich Raspe produced the first, small book based on these and some other stories. His work was followed by enlarged collections, composed by other authors, of whom Gottfried BÃ¼rger (1747-1794) is the most notable. (Quote from kirjasto.sci.fi) About the Author Rudolf Erich Raspe (1736 - 1794) was a German librarian, writer and scientist, and he was called by his biographer John Carswell a "rogue". He is best known for his collection of tall tales: The Surprising Adventures of Baron Munchausen, originally a satirical work with political aims. Raspe was born in Hanover, studied law and worked as a librarian for the university of Gottingen. Since 1767 he was responsible for some collections of the landgrave of Hesse-Cassel Frederic II before having to flee to England in 1775 after pilfering some gems that were supposedly in his care. He was employed by Matthew Boulton in the mines of Cornwall, and he was also publishing in geology and in the history of art. He also worked for the famous publisher John Nichols in several projects. In 1791 he moved to Scotland, and after an involvement in a mining swindle there, he left. He finally moved to Ireland where he managed a copper mine on the Herbert Estate. He died in Killarney, County Kerry, Ireland, of typhoid, in November of 1794. The Baron Munchausen tales were made famous when they were 'borrowed', translated into German, and embellished somewhat by G. A. Burger in 1786 - and have been a favourite read No es necesario ningÃºn dispositivo Kindle. DescÃ¡rgate una de las apps de Kindle gratuitas para comenzar a leer libros Kindle en tu smartphone, tablet u ordenador. Apple


The characters Captain Cuttle and Mrs MacStinger appear in which Dickins novel?

David Perdue's Charles Dickens Page - Characters L-M Landless, Neville ( The Mystery of Edwin Drood ) Twin brother of Helena . He and his sister are brought to Cloisterham by their guardian, Mr. Honeythunder . Neville is attracted to Rosa Bud and, being set up by Jasper , quarrels with Edwin Drood . After Drood's disappearance Jasper cast blame on Neville who has no alibi and flees to London with his sister. (top) Langdale ( Barnaby Rudge ) Kindly vintner and distiller in Holborn based on an historical figure. The Catholic Langdale shelters Geoffrey Haredale from the rioters. His home and warehouse are burned in the riots, his stores of spirits are consumed by the mob. (top) Larkins, eldest Miss ( David Copperfield ) Early love of David Copperfield , The eldest Miss Larkins is not a little girl. She is a tall, dark, black-eyed, fine figure of a woman. The eldest Miss Larkins is not a chicken; for the youngest Miss Larkins is not that, and the eldest must be three or four years older. Perhaps the eldest Miss Larkins may be about thirty. She later marries Mr Chestle . (top) Larkins, youngest Miss ( David Copperfield ) Younger sister of the eldest Miss Larkins . Three or four years younger than her sister. (top) Larkins, Mr ( David Copperfield ) Father of the two Miss Larkins, eldest and youngest . (top) Abraham Lazarus ( Great Expectations ) Criminal whose brother tries to engage Jaggers to represent. Jaggers informs him that he is too late, that he represents the other side. (top) Leeford, Edward aka Monks ( Oliver Twist ) Villainous son of Edwin and half-brother of Oliver Twist who plots with Fagin to corrupt Oliver , in which case Leeford will inherit all of their father's property. After the plan is foiled Leeford is forced to emigrate to America where he dies in prison. He is tall...and a strongly made man, but not stout; he has a lurking walk; and as he walks, constantly looks over his shoulder, first on one side, and then on the other...his eyes are sunk in his head so much deeper than any other man's, that you might almost tell him by that alone. His face is dark, like his hair and eyes; and, although he can't be more than six or eight and twenty, withered and haggard. His lips are often discoloured and disfigured with the marks of teeth; for he has desperate fits, and sometimes even bites his hands and covers them with wounds. (top) Leeford, Edwin ( Oliver Twist ) Father of Oliver, whom he has fathered out of wedlock with Agnes Fleming . Also father of Edward (Monks) from a previous marriage. Edwin has died before the story begins. (top) Lenville, Thomas ( Nicholas Nickleby ) Member of Crummles' traveling stage troupe: A dark-complexioned man, inclining indeed to sallow, with long thick black hair, and very evident inclinations (although he was close shaved) of a stiff beard, and whiskers of the same deep shade. His age did not appear to exceed thirty, though many at first sight would have considered him much older, as his face was long, and very pale, from the constant application of stage paint. (top) Lewsome ( Martin Chuzzlewit ) Medical man and old schoolmate of John Westlock . Westlock hires Mrs Gamp to nurse Lewsome through a serious illness. Lewsome has provided poison to Jonas Chuzzlewit who intends using it to kill his father, Anthony . His later confession helps lead to Jonas' arrest. (top) Littimer ( David Copperfield ) Manservant to James Steerforth , involved in the concealment of the elopement of Steerforth and Emily . He is later guilty of embezzlement and is captured with the help of Miss Mowcher . I believe there never existed in his station a more respectable-looking man. He was taciturn, soft-footed, very quiet in his manner, deferential, observant, always at hand when wanted, and never near when not wanted; but his great claim to consideration was his respectability. (top) Lively, Mr ( Oliver Twist ) Trader in stolen goods in Field Lane. A salesman of small stature, who had squeezed as much of his person into a child's chair as the chair would hold, and was smoking a pipe at his warehouse doo


The doomed Royal Navy ship HMS Thunder Child appeared in which Sci Fi classic?

H.M.S. Inflexible, 1874, 1:200 - Page 28 - PaperModelers.com H.M.S. Inflexible, 1874, 1:200 Location: Free Hanseatic City of Bremen Posts: 1,012 Total Downloaded: 1.93 MB I think, we can fill this thread - a little bit away from HMS Inflexible - with assumptions. I'm not a friend of riddles - if Carl has new things to show, I presume, he'll do it! With lovely greetings Posts: 197 Total Downloaded: 0 Greg is clueless as to GB's mystery project. The rudder shape is different from the French predreadnought drawings I've copied from the French archive collection. Perhaps fitted for a double-ender? Greg S. Total Downloaded: 0 HMS Thunder Child I think Carl's thread hasn't been hijacked in a while, so allow me to do the honors: HMS Thunder Child figures in H. G. Well's "War of the Worlds", published in 1898. He gives this description: "About a couple of miles out lay an ironclad, very low in the water, almost [...] like a waterlogged ship. This was the ram Thunder Child. It was the only warship in sight, but far away to the right over the smooth surface of the sea [...] He sprang to his feet and saw to starboard, and not a hundred yards from their heeling, pitching boat, a vast iron bulk like the blade of a plough tearing through the water, tossing it on either side in huge waves of foam that leaped towards the steamer [...] Big iron upperworks rose out of this headlong structure, and from that twin funnels projected and spat a smoking blast shot with fire. It was the torpedo ram, Thunder Child, steaming headlong, coming to the rescue of the threatened shipping." To give it away: the Thunder Child manages to destroy two martian tripods before being burnt to a crisp by the Heat-Ray of a third. 1906 Illustration. Thunder Child looks more like a pre-dreadnought here There is some speculation whether Wells conceived the Thunder Child with HMS Polyphemus in mind. Polyphemus was the only "torpedo ram" ever commissioned in the Royal Navy. It was designed to attack the enemy with torpedoes fired from underwater tubes, and then with her ram (which also housed a torpedo tube, covered with a cast steel cap). What always gets me here is that the speed of the torpedoes was 18 knots - same as the ship! Polyphemus in dry dock Naturally, there's a Wikipedia article on the Thunder Child: HMS Thunder Child - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia and on the Polyphemus: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Polyphemus_(1881 ) Cheers, Posts: 1,384 Total Downloaded: 0 Images of the attack of the Thunder Child invariably portray some huge battleship, as suggested by Wells' prose. He described it as a "vast iron bulk", a "giant", a "leviathan", a "monster" with "big iron upperworks" that cast "huge waves", and said that the martian war machines "appeared far less formidable than the huge iron bulk". What is curious is that Wells specifically labeled the Thunder Child as a torpedo ram, a small class of warship, not very "leviathan"-like by the standards of the day. The Polyphemous (below) certainly doesn't seem to live up to his imposing description. In fact, it looks like she would not have been much larger than the Thames sidewheeler from which the narrator described her charge. Maybe some "artistic license" on the part of Wells, but that seems uncharacteristic, his technical descriptions are usually very realistically detailed. Attached Thumbnails Posts: 236 Total Downloaded: 0 Well, I don't know how much time passed between the writing and the publishing of War of the Worlds, but the concept of the torpedo ram as a novel and dangerous weapon quite captured the imagination of the public. It's features were probably quite inflated. Let's not forget - there was at least as much hype going on about those new developments as was a hundred years later about the stealth bombers. I also think many of the illustrations, especially of the later editions must have been done without Wells' input. The aim of the illustrator was probably to make the Thunder Child as imposing as possible, and that meant making it look like the most powerful battleships of the day. A


By population what is the second city of Belgium?

Belgium’s second city has a charm that’s all its own | World Travel Blog You are here: Home » Countries & Places » Belgium » Belgium’s second city has a charm that’s all its own Belgium’s second city has a charm that’s all its own Posted Saturday 16th February 2013by Nige Burton A visit to Antwerp can yield some impressive treasures… While it may not enjoy the picturesque reputation jealously guarded by cities such as Bruges and Ghent, or the cosmopolitan fabulosity that is Brussels, Antwerp – Belgium’s second city – does have a charm that is all its own. Ignore the popular travel guide rants about its industrial and commercial nature, and knuckle down to the breathtaking beauty of the Grote Markt, the Groenplaats, the Cathedral of Our Lady and the Carolus Borromeus church among other picture perfect highlights, and you have a mighty metropolis that can still pack a punch. Reinvented by the young and trendy for all of us, Antwerp – or, literally, ‘thrown hand’ – boasts over 400 bars and night spots, and a plethora of eateries to invigorate even the most jaded of tourists and put that magical Belgian smile on your clock. Most major attractions and many of the superb museums are within walking distance of each other, and the city is well served by its tram network. Taxis won’t set you back a fortune either if you fancy a bit of lazy decadence. Taken on balance, Antwerp isn’t the finest Flemish city you’ll ever visit, but it is certainly not the dullest, and is worthy of full exploration. And let’s face it: any city whose name is derived from a legend where a local young hero like Brabo squares up to the loathsome toll-taking giant Antigoon, ripping off his hand and throwing it into the River Scheldt, has to be worth a look. World Travel Blog especially recommends: Taverne Rubens Housed in one of the city’s great gothic buildings, this gem of a restaurant café will keep you coming back for more…


Whales can be divided into two types Toothed and what?

Feeding | Whales Feeding Reproducing Feeding Whales can be divided into two types by the way they feed—baleen whales (Mysticetes) and toothed whales (Odontecetes). Baleen whales are “batch feeders”—they use their plates of baleen to filter huge numbers of tiny prey out of the water. They can be divided into three groups, according to how they filter their food: Rorquals, such as Bryde's whale, are gulpers. They take in huge amounts of water with their prey, their pleated throats billowing out to accommodate it. Then they force the water out with their tongues, straining the food through the mesh of baleen. Right whales skim feed. They cruise through the water with their enormous, arched mouths open, continuously filtering out prey. Gray whales are silt sifters. They pump water and sediment from the seafloor through one side of their mouths, across the baleen, and out the other. Toothed whales tend to eat individual animals, such as squid, fish, and in some cases, other marine mammals. These whales locate their prey by using echolocation—like human sonar. They either seize their prey with their teeth or suck them directly into their mouths and swallow them whole.


Which whale has the largest brain of any creature on Earth?

Sperm Whales in Caribbean Have Distinct Culture Sperm Whales in Caribbean Have Distinct Culture The marine mammals form clans with their own unique dialects, a new study says. View Images Each sperm whale clan has a different vocal pattern—and thus culture.  Photograph by Amanda Cotton Click ... click ... click-click-click. That’s the sound of a  sperm whale  in the eastern Caribbean. Click-click-click-click-click. That’s a sperm whale that lives in the same place, but in a different social group.  Shane Gero and his team have discovered that each sperm whale social group in the region has its own clicking pattern, or dialect. (Also see " Whales With Caribbean Accents and Other Animal Dialects .") What's more, each sperm whale that Gero observed socializes exclusively with other sperm whales that have the same accent. View Images Sperm whales have the largest brain of any creature known to have lived on Earth. Photograph courtesy the Dominica Sperm Whale Project The finding strengthens the idea that sperm whales throughout the world have different cultures, just like people. "It’s like how my Canadian passport tells you a little bit about who I am. I like hockey and I put maple syrup on everything," says Gero, a behavioral ecologist and founder of the  Dominica Sperm Whale Project .  "The main way we identify these different cultures is their dialects,” he says.  Listen to Caribbean sperm whales vocalizing. Keeping Tabs For a new study, Gero and colleagues analyzed 11 social sperm whale units, or clans, by recording their voices and observing their actions.  Scientists already knew that sperm whales in the Pacific Ocean have vocal clans, but this is the evidence of such clans in the Atlantic Ocean, according to the study, published recently in  Royal Society Open Science .  Richard Connor , a dolphin and whale expert at the University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, believes that these behavioral and vocal differences started as random variations that eventually developed into part of a clan’s culture. (Related: " Sperm Whales' Language Reveals Hints of Culture .")  Sperm Whale Diving A baby sperm whale learns to swim alone while its mother hunts deep below. “You could think of it as random error in learning,” says Connor, who wasn't involved in the study. “But once those differences are there, that becomes a sort of membership tag.”  Clan Power And communicating as a group likely helps them hunt more efficiently, the experts say. View Images Sperm whales are known to dive as deep as 3,280 feet (1,000 meters) in search of squid to eat.  Photograph courtesy the Dominica Sperm Whale Project “It’s probable that these groups travel in different areas and they track habitats, which includes … prey,” said  Sarah Mesnick , an expert on sperm whale social structure at the Southwest Fisheries Science Center in California. (Also see " Rare Video Captures Sperm Whale in Deep Sea .") “They know those areas. They transmit that information socially through the groups.” View Images These toothed whales eat thousands of pounds of fish and squid—about one ton per day.  Photograph courtesy the Dominica Sperm Whale Project The ongoing research into sperm whale culture suggests there's more at stake for the species, which still faces threats due to climate change and buildup of toxic metals, Gero adds. That's because if one sperm whale clan goes extinct, that’s it: All that tradition and ancient wisdom specific to their niche is lost.


What was the Northern most slave state of the US Civil War?

Slave states - definition of Slave states by The Free Dictionary Slave states - definition of Slave states by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Slave+states slave state n. 1. Slave State Any of the 15 states of the Union in which slavery was legal before the Civil War, including Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia. 2. A nation under totalitarian rule. Slave State n (Historical Terms) history US any of the 15 Southern states in which slavery was legal until the Civil War Slave′ State` any of the 15 Southern states that permitted slavery before the Civil War. [1800–10, Amer.] Noun 1. slave state - any of the southern states in which slavery was legal prior to the American Civil War American state - one of the 50 states of the United States Confederacy , Confederate States , Confederate States of America , Dixie , Dixieland , South - the southern states that seceded from the United States in 1861 free state - any state prohibiting slavery prior to the American Civil War Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: References in classic literature ? Why, public opinion in the slave States IS slavery, is it not? These cases did not ALL occur, it will be seen, in territory actually belonging to legalised Slave States, though most, and those the very worst among them did, as their counterparts constantly do; but the position of the scenes of action in reference to places immediately at hand, where slavery is the law; and the strong resemblance between that class of outrages and the rest; lead to the just presumption that the character of the parties concerned was formed in slave districts, and brutalised by slave customs. View in context It is there that the fugitive slave, and the Mexican prisoner on parole, and the Indian come to plead the wrongs of his race, should find them; on that separate, but more free and honorable ground, where the State places those who are not with her, but against her -- the only house in a slave State in which a free man can abide with honor. View in context It is there that the fugitive slave, and the Mexican prisoner on parole, and the Indian come to plead the wrongs of his race should find them; on that separate but more free and honorable ground, where the State places those who are not with her, but against her--the only house in a slave State in which a free man can abide with honor. View in context The flag of the Confederate States unified the slave states of America; it flew over armies dedicated to ensuring that the ownership of another human being was a right; that the colour of a person's skin meant they could be bought and sold, whipped into toiling in cotton fields; hung for looking too hard or long at a white person. Lincoln's Campaign Biographies Forget the rose-tinted view that was presented in films such as Gone With The Wind, 12 Years A Slave depicts - with harrowing realism - exactly what it was like for thousands of people who were deprived of their liberty in the American slave states. Brilliance from the brutality; It's a bleak tale of suffering at the heart of the American slave trade..but Brit director Steve McQueen's must-see movie is a masterpiece Not only this that the world mistakenly viewed the UN to be the liberator of slavery and inequality, but also the populations blindly trusted in its manifesto and purported mission designed and fabricated by the very brains and hands of the nations that would look for perpetuating their supremacy and domination over the rest of the world through this exploitative global platform; as a result, the slave-minded third world relied on the words delivered from the mouths of their former master states, and fell into deep sleep of negligence and ignorance without having least concerns and worries with regards to the statutes the Veto powers had articulated as the first and final


Who immediately succeeded Abraham Lincoln as President?

Who succeeded Lincoln as president? | eNotes Who succeeded Lincoln as president? pmiranda2857 | High School Teacher | (Level 1) Educator Emeritus Posted on October 7, 2008 at 7:08 AM Andrew Johnson succeeded Abraham Lincoln. "With the Assassination of Lincoln, the Presidency fell upon an old-fashioned southern Jacksonian Democrat of pronounced states' rights views. Although an honest and honorable man, Andrew Johnson was one of the most unfortunate of Presidents. Arrayed against him were the Radical Republicans in Congress, brilliantly led and ruthless in their tactics. Johnson was no match for them." Sources: sellefsen1 | College Teacher | (Level 1) eNoter Posted on August 20, 2015 at 4:14 PM Andrew Johnson was Abraham Lincoln's vice president. When Lincoln, a Republican, was assassinated, Johnson, a Democrat, succeeded him to become the President of the United States during the Reconstruction period shortly after the American Civil War. Johnson did not successfully lead the Reconstruction movement. Unfortunately for the South, Johnson’s attitude about Reconstruction maintained it as a state matter and not federal, unlike many of his Republican contemporaries. "Johnson rose from poverty to a political career in state politics in Tennessee, which he represented in the U.S. Congress and where he was governor. Johnson championed Tennessee’s small white farmers and made enemies of the state’s large slaveowning planters. Staunchly Unionist, he was the only senator from a seceding state to remain in the Senate, and he served as Tennessee’s military governor during the war. His vice presidency, Republicans hoped, would gain support for the party in the South. But Johnson lacked Lincoln’s political acumen and ability to compromise. Johnson also defended states’ rights; he argued that since secession was illegal, southern states never actually left the Union or gave up their right to govern their own affairs. And Johnson, while supporting emancipation, was deeply racist, and did not believe blacks had a role to play in Reconstruction." - Foner, Eric. Give Me Liberty! An American History Fourth Edition. PowerPoint Chapter 15, 2015.   October 12, 2008 at 2:17 AM Many people in Congress also believed that Johnson would subscribe to their ideals since Johnson was raised in the South and abhorred the social hierarchy of the south in which Plantation owners controlled most of the land as well as the politics of the south. Congress wanted to see the South punished for their "disloyalty" to the Union and hoped that Johnson would back their Radical Reconstruction plans. These congressman were referred to as "Radical Republicans". Johnson however, surprised these Radical Republicans by supporting Lincoln's more moderate reconstruction plan. Because of this, he made many enemies in congress and was the first president to be impeached by Congress. During his trial however, many members of Congress realized that Johnson wasn't being accused of "high crimes and misdemeanors" as defined by the Constitution. He was merely guilty of a differing of political opinion. like 0 dislike 0


Prior to Sochi which country has won the most Winter Olympic medals?

Final Sochi Winter Olympics 2014 medal count: Russia finishes with most medals - SBNation.com Final Sochi Winter Olympics 2014 medal count: Russia finishes with most medals Rec Adam Pretty The 2014 Winter Olympic games are in the books, and despite the United States and Russia being tied in the medal count mid-way through Saturday, the Russians pulled away Sunday to win the most medals of any nation. • Sunday's results and updates • Canada claims hockey gold • Hockey star tests positive • Russia calls back ring failure • Russia finishes with most medals • Olympics medal tracker Russia finished with 33 medals overall, including an Olympic-high 13 golds. Launching them to first place were the country's men's cross-country 50 kilometer mass start racers on Sunday. Russia swept that event as Alexander Legkov took gold, Maxim Vylegzhanin took silver and Ilia Chernousov took bronze. The Russians also took gold in the four-man bobsled event. Team U.S.A. was second in overall medals with 28. Their lone medal on Sunday came in the four man bobsled as the team led by Steven Holcomb finished with a bronze medal. The United States' nine gold medals were just the fourth-most in the Sochi games as both Canada and Norway finished ahead of them in that category. Norway was third overall in medals with 26 and second on gold with 11. Canada's Mens Hockey gold medal pushed them ahead of the United States in that category; Canada will leave Sochi with 10 gold and 25 medals overall. Rounding out the top five in medal winners are the Dutch. The Netherlands finished with 24 medals overall this year and tied for fifth in the gold count with Germany as both countries took the top spot on the podium eight times. In this Storystream


Who was the only boxer to win a world title without ever having a manager?

Who is considered the greatest boxer of all time? Why? - Quora Quora "I am the greatest! I'm the greatest thing that ever lived. I don't have a mark on my face, and I upset Sonny Liston, and I just turned twenty-two years old. I must be the greatest." He said it, you know it. Muhammad Ali . As others will and have said, he actually doesn't have a perfect fight record. However, he was the first fighter to win the World Heavyweight Champion three times (1964, 1974, and 1978). As a black athlete in the era of Civil Rights and Vietnam, he was also hated or admired by many for being brash, outspoken, and deeply principled. Combine Ali's amazing athleticism, long history of wins against absolute killers, and his morals as a man, and you won't find a better boxer ever, in my opinion. Cassius Marcellus Clay, Jr aka Muhammed Ali. He won the Olympics at 18, and would eventually become the first and only three-time lineal World Heavyweight Boxing Champion. He also would go onto defeat every top fighter in his time.   Sugar Ray Robinson. Because Muhammad Ali said so. The king, the master, my idol -Muhammad Ali Greatest Upset and hero of the masses: Ali against Foreman. Rumble in the Jungle. Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee. Wins across categories: Manny Pacquiao - Titles in 4 different categories. Versatility. Greatest Comeback: Won the Heavy weight championship 10 years after he lost it. Epic. Most evasive boxer: Tyson was one of the best evasive boxers in recent history. In his prime, it  was his evasion skills that made him hard to beat, more than his punching power. Image credits: Written Nov 30, 2014 General consensus among experts is Sugar Ray Robinson. Robinson carried a career mark of 173-19-6. His decline is generally thought to have began with his loss to Paul Pender in 1960 (Robinson was 38 at the time and had retired the first time 1952, came back over 2 years later, won world titles again in 1955 and 1958). As an old fighter, he would go 31-12-4. So, for the bulk of his career he compiled a record of 142-7-3, including a 91 fight win streak. Robinson was so good that writers invented the concept of "pound for pound" rankings because of him, trying to allow for a way to compare fighters of different weights to make it clear who the best fighter in the world was. Ring Magazine, ESPN, legendary boxing writer Bert Sugar, the International Boxing Research Organization and pretty much all other experts have put Robinson as the number one fighter of all time. Ali is going to be a popular answer here, but there's not consensus over if Ali was even the best heavyweight of all time, Joe Louis having a fairly legitimate claim to that title as well. Another guy who is in the conversation for best ever is Henry Armstrong, who not only won world titles at featherweight, welterweight and lightweight, but held all three at the same time at one point. A fighter winning titles in multiple weight classes during his career is somewhat common now, but there are far more weight classes now, whereas there were only 8 during Armstrong's career. Which means that, at one point, Armstrong was the best fighter and world champion in almost half of the divisions in the world. A few other guys in the discussion (but generally not considered to have been THE best) are Willie Pep, the defensive wizard and long time featherweight champion who went 230-11-1 in his career and Roberto Duran, the tremendous brawler who is considered by many to be the best lightweight in history and also won world titles at four weights in his career. Let's define what it means to be the best boxer ever. Does it mean having the best technical skill? The best record? The most entertaining fights? The most heart? Is it more impressive to be dominant in one division, or to be dominant in several weight classes? Did they beat real opposition? Personally I believe the best boxer ever has to be Sugar Ray Robinson. SRR had the record of 173 - 19 - 6. The man was a killer ,(he killed Jimmy Doyle in the ring) at 147 pounds, mind you this is pretty much Floyd's ideal weight. S


Which Soap screened the first transsexual character?

EastEnders Make UK Soap History As They Cast First Transgender Actor To Play A Transgender Character EastEnders Make UK Soap History As They Cast First Transgender Actor To Play A Transgender Character Pin it Share Grab your celebratory snacks and get ready to quite possibly weep with joy (maybe just us but we wanted to warn you), because EastEnders have cast the first ever transgender actor in UK soap history. HURRAH! Riley Carter Millington will arrive on Albert Square this month as Kyle, who, like Riley, has transitioned from female to male. View photos Copyright [BBC/EastEnders] He’ll then be back on the Square permanently at the end of this year, making him the first transgender actor to play a transgender character in a UK soap. YAAAS! Executive Producer of EastEnders, Dominic Treadwell-Collins, announced that he was creating a transgender character for the soap earlier this year and was determined to find a transgender actor to fill the role. Working alongside groups in the transgender community, the soap then undertook workshops to find the right person for the job - ENTER RILEY, in his first television role. View photos Copyright [Giphy] Explaining just how thrilled he is about joining the ranks, Riley said: “I am extremely excited to be joining EastEnders. “I can honestly say that I have now fulfilled my two biggest dreams – to be living my life as a man and to be an actor. I cannot wait to really get stuck in with filming and I look forward to seeing what is in store for my character.” Dominic added: “From Mark Fowler’s HIV to Colin and Barry’s first gay kiss, EastEnders has always led the way in changing audience’s perceptions about ‘difference’ – and ultimately making the world a better place. It has been my intention for a long time to cast a trans actor playing a trans role – and we have been so careful to ensure that we cast the right actor for the part. “I’ve sat in many acting workshops over the years with our Casting Executive Julia Crampsie and her team – but never have we been so moved by the incredible life stories and wealth of talent that we experienced over our several weeks of workshops with transgender actors. View photos Copyright [BBC] “The people we met showed us a strength and bravery that took our breath away – and to go through as much as they have while maintaining humour and a positive view on the world is testament to what special people we met. “In Riley, we have found not just a talented actor but also an inspirational young man whose warmth immediately comes through the screen. And this isn’t about tokenism. Alex Lamb and his story team have worked with Riley to create an EastEnders character who is fresh and relatable – but also comes with his own stock of secrets and is going to be thrown right into one of our biggest stories for the end of the year. “I hope that the audience will take Riley and his character to their hearts as quickly as everyone here at EastEnders has done.” View photos Copyright [ITV] Coronation Street’s Hayley Cropper and Hollyoaks’ Blessing Chambers were transgender characters, but neither were played by transgender actors. HUGE CONGRATULATIONS and GOOD LUCK to you, Riley, on your new role - We cannot WAIT to see what happens! Reblog


When she arrived in Eastenders, who was Binnie Roberts’ girlfriend?

Binnie Roberts | EastEnders Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Binnie Roberts made her first appearance 9 June 1994. She is portrayed by Sophie Langham. Binnie was an out and proud lesbian, which was in stark contrast to her shy and retiring girlfriend. Storylines Binnie arrives in Albert Square in June 1994. She is the secret girlfriend of hairdresser Della Alexander . Whilst Della prefers to keep her sexuality hidden, Binne is out and proud and wants everyone to know. She refuses to put up with anyone's bigotry and defends her choice of lifestyle to anyone that dares to pass judgement. Della had been in Walford for a few months before Binnie's arrival, and in this time she'd sparked up a close, flirtatious relationship with the barman, Steve Elliot . Steve has become a partner in Della's hair salon and has begun to think that he and Della will soon be more than just friends. Binnie is adamant that Della should tell Steve about her sexuality, but Della finds the prospect of 'coming out' extremely daunting. Several days later, the situation is brought to a head prematurely, when Steve accidentally walks in on Della and Binnie in bed together. Steve is furious, as he feels Della has been leading him on. He throws her out of his home, prompting several arguments between him and Binnie. Steve and Binnie are sworn enemies thereafter, although they do manage to put aside their differences later in the year. Binnie and Della soon move into a bedsit on the Square and Binnie gets a job working as a barmaid in The Queen Victoria public house alongside Steve. She and Steve bicker constantly, mainly because Steve refuses to accept that Della is gay and regularly tries it on with her, leaving Binnie fuming with jealousy. More problems arise when Natalie Price hears a rumour that Binnie and Della are lesbians. She starts telling anyone who cares to listen about how disgusting and unnatural the pair are. This reaction increases Della's trepidation about living as a lesbian and she starts denying the rumours; claiming that she'd never slept with a woman before in her life. Infuriated by Della's shame, Binnie threatens to leave the Square, which forces Della to prioritise. In order to convince Binnie to stay, Della kisses her in the middle of Bridge Street, which really gives the gossips something to talk about. Binnie spends most of her time on the Square trying to force Della to conform to her lesbian ideals. She regularly pressurises her to 'come out' to her mother and generally bosses her around making demands, which often causes blazing rows between them. Despite this, Binnie usually has Della's best interests at heart and the two genuinely love each other. In 1995 Binnie and Della decide that they have had enough of Walford and they decide to make a new start of things in Ibiza. They both depart in May 1995. Navbox


WWII, in which year did the Battle of Kursk occur ?

Battle of Kursk | World War II Database World War II Database Contributor: C. Peter Chen ww2dbaseAfter a two year stalemate, both the Soviets and Germans awaited major confrontations that would define the momentum for either side. This decisive battle would occur near the town of Kursk, a town on the Moscow-Rostov railway, in Southern Russia. ww2dbaseIn Mar 1943, German general Erich von Manstein captured Kharkov, a city south of Kursk, and formed a long perimeter along the eastern side of the city. He allowed an opening through his line, allowing Soviet forces to advance, forming a bulge, before sending in his Panzers in two pincer movements to encircle the bulge. The German forces in this battle fielded some new weapons, including the Ferdinand self-propelled artillery and the tank Pather that was designed specifically to counter the Soviet T-34 tanks. The offensive to eliminate the surrounded Soviet forces were devised by Colonel General Kurt Zeitzler, at the insistence Adolf Hitler even though Heinz Guderian opposed risking so much for what he believed to be a small gain. By the time the Germans were finally ready to launch the actual offensive, Soviet spy network "the Lucy Ring" and the British intelligence both had already learned of the attack plans, and even without the spy network the massive tank build up would had alarmed the Soviet field commanders there. Marshall Georgi Zhukov was in command of the Soviet defensive forces, who convinced Josef Stalin to hold off on a summer offensive until he could defeat the impending German attack at Kursk first. To prepare for the defense, Zhukov summoned 300,000 civilians and built a series of defenses including tank traps, mine fields, and various defensive positions. Militarily, Zhukov wielded a strength consisted of 1,300,000 men, 3,600 tanks, 20,000 pieces of artillery, and 2,400 aircraft. On the other side, the Germans were about to attack with over 800,000 men (including three Waffen SS divisions), 2,700 tanks, and 1,800 aircraft. ww2dbaseThe battle started on 4 Jul 1943 as a series of delays, including the desperate situation in Jun 1943 that took away attention from this offensive. Nevertheless, after sappers of the Groï¿½deutschland Division bravely and efficiently cleared a path through the mine fields the previous night, German Stuka fighters led the attack targeting the lightly armored tops of Soviet tanks, followed by an artillery barrage then by the infantry and armor. The 2nd SS Panzer Corps, 3rd Panzer Corps, and the 11th Panzer Division stormed Soviet positions, making advances through the rest of the day, but the Soviets resisted fiercely and slowed the German advances. Main reasons for the slow German advance were often attributed to the defensive structures, especially mine fields, that the Soviets painstakingly set up. Also, Walther Model of the German Ninth Army was employing a rather conservative tactic with his tanks, withholding some in reserve instead of following the usual German tactic that poured all armor strength into battle immediately. Around midnight Zhukov, armed with good intelligence on German movement, ordered a bombardment by artillery pieces, mortars, and Katyusha rocket launchers accurately on German forces. ww2dbaseOn the next day, Paul Hausser's 2nd SS Panzer Corp advanced under a newly devised tactic Panzerkiel, where Tiger tanks opened the way for other tanks, prying through enemy defensive lines. By the second day of the Kursk offensive, German troops had penetrated 20 miles into Soviet territory, at a high cost on both sides. At Prokhorovka Hausser's flanks were supposed to be protected by the 3rd Panzer Corps, which was unexpectedly stalled by the 7th Guards Army. To take advantage of the situation, the entire 5th Guards Tank Army was deployed to strike at the 2nd SS Panzer Corps on 12 Jul, which was to become the largest tank battle in history. Armor on both sides engaged in close-range combat, while air forces took their shots at the tanks on the ground amidst the fierce dogfights in the air. Armor-pierc


Gorbachev became Soviet Premier in which year ?

BBC ON THIS DAY | 11 | 1985: Gorbachev becomes Soviet leader About This Site | Text Only 1985: Gorbachev becomes Soviet leader There is a new man in charge at the Kremlin - Mikhail Gorbachev has taken over following the death of Konstantin Chernenko. Chernenko, 73, died yesterday after a long illness - but his death was only announced to the Soviet people this morning. Sombre music preceded the news on radio and television and scheduled programmes were cancelled. The speed of naming of his successor - at 54 the youngest man to take over as general secretary of the Soviet communist party - has taken people by surprise. Despite his lively and flexible manner, Gorbachev is still a strict, orthodox Marxist in no sense has he shown himself to be a liberal Tim Sebastian BBC Moscow correspondent In another break with tradition, Mr Gorbachev has announced arms talks with the Americans in Geneva will go ahead tomorrow. Chernenko lasted only 13 months in the top job. He was in poor health when he was appointed and his death was caused by heart failure brought on by problems with his lungs and liver. He is the third Soviet leader to die in just over two years. Leonid Brezhnev died in 1982 after 18 years in power. He was 75. Yuri Andropov died 18 months later aged 69. The British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher will attend Chernenko's funeral on Wednesday - but the United States President Ronald Reagan will not be going. The BBC's Moscow correspondent, Tim Sebastian, says Mr Gorbachev's appointment marks a dramatic change in leadership in Moscow. He says Mr Gorbachev is a dynamic figure who has moved rapidly through the Soviet hierarchy. "There seems little doubt the Gorbachev administration will look different. More outgoing, more approachable, more concerned with its public image," he reported. "But its aims and its approach seem likely to be familiar. Despite his lively and flexible manner, Gorbachev is still a strict, orthodox Marxist in no sense has he shown himself to be a liberal." Mr Gorbachev's acceptance speech gave a hint of the changes to come. He spoke of his desire to freeze the deployment of weapons and reduce the international nuclear weapons stockpiles. Mrs Thatcher has already indicated her approval at his appointment. Following his recent visit to Britain, she said: "I like Mr Gorbachev. We can do business together."


WWII, in which year did the Battle of Stalingrad take place ?

Battle of Stalingrad - World War II - HISTORY.com Battle of Stalingrad A+E Networks Introduction The Battle of Stalingrad (July 17, 1942-Feb. 2, 1943), was the successful Soviet defense of the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in the U.S.S.R. during World War II. Russians consider it to be the greatest battle of their Great Patriotic War, and most historians consider it to be the greatest battle of the entire conflict. It stopped the German advance into the Soviet Union and marked the turning of the tide of war in favor of the Allies. The Battle of Stalingrad was one of the bloodiest battles in history, with combined military and civilian casualties of nearly 2 million. Google The Russians hailed it a “contemporary Cannae,” and the Germans condemned it as a Rattenkrieg (Rat War). Both descriptions were fitting. In the Battle of Stalingrad, Soviet forces surrounded and crushed an entire German army under General Friedrich Paulus, emulating Hannibal’s encirclement and destruction of a Roman army under Aemilius Paulus in 216 B.C. For both sides, Stalingrad became a desperate ordeal of rodentlike scurrying from hole to hole. This monumental battle is justly considered a turning point in the war on the Eastern Front and one of the most crucial engagements of World War II . The invading Germans saw the conquest of Stalingrad as essential to their campaign in southern Russia, since from this strategic point on the Volga River they could launch further assaults in the Caucasus. The Russians were determined to defend the city as a vital industrial and transportation center. Both Joseph Stalin and Adolf Hitler understood the symbolic importance of the only city to bear the Soviet dictator’s name. On September 3, 1942, the German Sixth Army under Paulus reached the outskirts of Stalingrad, expecting to take the city in short order. But the Russians had built up their defenses and continued to bring in reinforcements. A very able general, V. I. Chuikov, took command of the main defending force, the Sixty-second Army, while Marshal Georgii K. Zhukov, Soviet Russia’s greatest general, planned a counteroffensive. In subsequent days the invaders fought their way into Stalingrad against fierce resistance. This was urban street fighting of the most bitter sort, occasioning tremendous losses on both sides. The blasted ruins of houses and factories began to stink as hot winds carried the smell of decaying corpses into every nook and cranny. By late September the Germans could raise the swastika flag over the Univermag department store in the center of town, but they could not dislodge the Russians from the sprawling industrial quarters along the Volga. In mid-November, as the stalled invaders were running short of men and munitions, Zhukov launched his counteroffensive to encircle the enemy. At this point the Germans probably could have fought their way out, but Hitler would not allow them to: they were ordered to hold their ground at all costs. Air Marshal Hermann Goring promised to resupply the Sixth Army from the air but proved unable to do so. As winter set in, Field Marshal Erich von Manstein mounted a rescue mission, but it was halted short of its goal, and the freezing and starving Germans in Stalingrad were forbidden to try to reach their would-be rescuers. On February 2, 1943, General Paulus surrendered what remained of his army-some 91,000 men. About 150,000 Germans had died in the fighting. The Soviet victory at Stalingrad was a great humiliation for Hitler, who had elevated the battle’s importance in German opinion. He now became more distrustful than ever of his generals. Stalin, on the other hand, gained confidence in his military, which followed up Stalingrad with a westward drive and remained largely on the offensive for the rest of the war. The Reader’s Companion to Military History. Edited by Robert Cowley and Geoffrey Parker. Copyright © 1996 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved. Tags


Which actress provided the love interest in the film High Noon ?

1952 Academy Awards® Winners and History Actor: GARY COOPER in "High          Noon" , Marlon Brando in "Viva Zapata!", Kirk         Douglas in "The Bad and the Beautiful" ,         Jose Ferrer in "Moulin Rouge", Alec Guinness in "The         Lavender Hill Mob" Actress: SHIRLEY BOOTH in "Come Back, Little Sheba", Joan Crawford         in "Sudden Fear", Bette Davis in "The Star",         Julie Harris in "The Member of the Wedding", Susan         Hayward in "With a Song in My Heart" Supporting Actor: ANTHONY QUINN in "Viva Zapata!", Richard Burton in "My         Cousin Rachel", Arthur Hunnicutt in "The Big Sky",         Victor McLaglen in "The          Quiet Man" , Jack Palance in "Sudden Fear" Supporting Actress: GLORIA GRAHAME in "The Bad and the Beautiful" ,         Jean Hagen in "Singin'          In The Rain" , Colette Marchand in "Moulin Rouge",         Terry Moore in "Come Back, Little Sheba", Thelma RItter         in "With a Song in My Heart" Director: JOHN FORD for "The          Quiet Man" , Cecil B. DeMille for "The Greatest         Show On Earth", John Huston for "Moulin Rouge",         Joseph L. Mankiewicz for "Five Fingers", Fred Zinnemann         for "High          Noon" This          was the first year that the Academy Awards ceremony          were televised (on March 19, 1953), on black and white NBC-TV,          with Bob Hope as host (in Hollywood at the RKO Pantages Theater)          and Conrad Nagel (in New York at the NBC International Theatre).          It was the first ceremony to be held simultaneously in two          locations. It resulted in the largest audience in commercial          television history. Hollywood had to admit and succumb to the          competing pressures from the burgeoning home entertainment          medium. The show was telecast throughout the US and Canada. The Best Picture Award was another surprise and          is forever considered one of the Academy's worst choices for          the top prize. 1952 has been considered one of the years in          which the Academy blundered the greatest in its choice of Best          Picture. The bloated, lumbering, melodramatic epic The Greatest          Show on Earth was one of the Academy's biggest gaffes. This year also marked the first time in          Oscar's history that all of the top six prizes (Best Picture,          Director, Actor, Actress, Supporting Actor, and Supporting          Actress) went to six different films. This would occur again          in 1956, and then 49 years later in 2005. Instead of going to the favored, critically-acclaimed,          definitive and popular western High           Noon , the top Oscar - in a major upset - went          to the "P.T. Barnum of Hollywood," legendary director/producer          Cecil B. De Mille's gaudy epic spectacular about the struggling          Ringling Brothers-Barnum and Bailey Circus, The Greatest           Show on Earth (with five nominations and two wins - Best          Picture and Best Writing: Original Story). De Mille's cornball          film chronicled the financial and personal problems (a romantic          triangle) of the tough, three-ring circus manager (Charlton          Heston in one of his earliest films), a beautiful, high-bar          aerialist (Betty Hutton), a crippled trapeze artist/performer          (Cornel Wilde), a clown (James Stewart), and others. This ponderous          Best Picture is best known not for its acting (even though          it was nominated and won for Best Original Story!) but for          its spectacular train-wreck sequence. The award, more than honoring the film, also


To which union do the acting profession belong to ?

Actors Guild, Actors Unions Submit business ACTORS GUILDS, ACTORS UNIONS Read about the main actors guilds and actors unions for actors, models, and all other performers, their requirements and duties. Find out how to join the local branch of SAG, AFTRA, AEA, CAEA, EQUITY UK, and Actors FCU in your area. . Actors, models, and all other performers can choose to belong to a variety of actors unions, such as the Screen Actors's Guild (SAG) , the American Federation of          Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA) , the Actors' Equity Association ("AEA" or "Equity") , the Canadian Actors' Equity Association (CAEA) , and the British Actor's Union (Equity UK) . Many audition breakdowns specify whether they are looking for union or non-union actors. This is because certain productions companies and particular projects are under contract to hire union members only. All unions negotiate the terms of contracts, length of working days,           turnaround time, required school hours for minors, percentages           that producers must pay for benefits, and guarantees that payment will be made           and acts on the performer's behalf when terms of their contract         are breached. Actors, models, and other performers must meet eligibility requirements and they must pay a membership fee to belong to any union. However, these unions are neither an employment or placement agency. Belonging to an actor's guild or actor's union does not guarantee audition roles, acting jobs, or modeling jobs, but they are there to guarantee the best possible working conditions for its members.


Also a colour shade, which creature is associated with the Babycham bottle label?

Kuleto Estate Cabernet Sauvignon 2010 | Wine Info Explore Napa Valley Napa Valley’s reputation as a premier winegrowing region is so out-sized; it’s amazing to learn that only four percent of California wine originates there. Napa Valley is by far the most valuable appellation in the U.S. and that explains the fuss over the delimits of its borders.The official boundaries eventually included 16 sub-regions, some of which (Carneros, Chiles) lie outside the geographic valley itself. Napa Valley Cabernet Sauvignon fetches the highest prices of any American wine, so it’s no surprise that the valley represents 25 percent of California’s wine revenues. Any wine of any variety is easier to sell with “Napa Valley” on the label, but enhanced value comes with sub-regional names, such as: Diamond Mountain, Howell Mountain, Oakville, Mt Veeder, Rutherford, Spring Mountain, and Stags Leap. Only slightly less prestigious are Atlas Peak, Calistoga, Coombsville, Oak Knoll, St. Helena, Wild Horse Valley and Yountville.   Read more Regions in Napa Valley Regional Style Californian Cabernet Sauvignon Known as the king of red wine grapes, Cabernet Sauvignon enjoys the same regal status in California as does in its native home in Bordeaux. The most widely planted red wine grape in California, Cabernet Sauvignon commands the highest price per ton and is the dominant grape found in some of California's most prestigious brands. Some of the most expensive wines in the United States are made from this noble grape. Cult wines like Screaming Eagle and Harlan Estate sell for thousands per bottle, but don't let that scare you—great non-cult Cabs can be found for much less, starting a... Read more Top users in Californian Cabernet Sauvignon


First appearing in 1572, which country’s flag is the oldest tricolour in the world?

World Flags List & Maps World Flags List & Maps Author Topic: World Flags List & Maps  (Read 473 times) Buderim World Flags List & Maps « on: June 26, 2011, 04:36:33 AM » •   The Tricolour of The Netherlands is the oldest tricolor, first appearing in 1572 as the Prince's flag in orange–white–blue. Soon the more famous red–white–blue began appearing — it is however unknown why, though many stories are known. After 1630 the red–white–blue was the most commonly seen flag. The Dutch Tricolor has inspired many flags but most notably those of Russia, India, New York City, South Africa (the 1928-94 flag), and France, which spread the tricolor concept even further. The flag of the Netherlands is also the only flag in the world that is adapted for some uses, when the occasion has a connection to the royal house of the Netherlands an orange ribbon is added. •   The national flag of FranceTricolore was designed in 1794. As a forerunner of revolution, France's tricolour flag style has been adopted by other nations. Exampless: Italy, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ireland, Haiti, Romania, Mexico. •   The flag of the United States, also nicknamed The Stars and Stripes or Old Glory. In the same way that nations looked to France for inspiration, many countries were also inspired by the American Revolution, which they felt was symbolized in this flag. Examples: Liberia, Chile, Malaysia, Uruguay, and the French region of Brittany. Logged


What very British name do we give to an alloy of Antimony, Copper and Tin?

Glossary of Copper Brass and Alloy Terms Glossary of Copper and Alloy Terms (c) Vin Callcut 2002-2016. Small extracts can be used with acknowledgements to 'Oldcopper.org' website. Helpful comments are very welcome.               This includes many terms relevant throughout the website covering antique and collectible copper and brass. Other terms will be added as they arise. Most terms are current but others are obsolescent or obsolete terms that occur in some of the useful literature. Some of them have been used very loosely in the past and many of the older names for alloys have many variations in composition quoted in different sources. Trade names and most industrial terms are generally not included except where thought to be in common use. Brass is conventionally described as ‘% copper/ % zinc’ but also has many other industrial designations and specifications mentioned. Sources are mainly various metallurgical dictionaries, catalogues and other references . Some other sources do not agree on a few of these terms!             (If ordering copper alloys in serious quantities for production, always ensure that a current standard is specified, not just a name.  This will cover composition, form, condition and properties.) Abbreviations for element names      Aluminium - Al,   Copper - Cu,   Iron - Fe,   Gold - Au,   Lead - Pb,   Manganese - Mn,   Nickel - Ni,   Silver - Ag,   Tin - Sn. Admiralty brass         70/30 brass with 1% tin added for extra corrosion resistance. Adnic  70% Copper, 29% nickel, 1% tin alloy for resistance to corrosion and heat. Ageing            Loose term covering some surface treatment techniques used to make objects look old.  Also a metallurgical term to describe hardening an alloy by heating to a temperature where a precipitate forms from a super-saturated solid solution. Ale warmer    Copper or brass vessel, tinned internally, shaped with a conical or bulbous foot suitable for use in a fire or grate to warm ale. Alphenide       Nickel silver, generic term, also argentan Alpakka          Nickel silver, 65% copper, 22% zinc, 13% nickel Alpha brass    Brass containing up to 36% of zinc is usually the single alpha phase with good cold working properties. Alpha-beta brass        Brass containing over 36% of zinc or with other additions usually has two phases present in the crystal structure, alpha and beta.  They are used for castings, extrusions and for hot stampings. Aluminium brass        High copper brass with aluminium added for improved corrosion resistance.  This is often used for condenser tubes. Aluminium bronze      Copper-aluminium alloys with up to 13% of aluminium, usually also with other additions such as iron, manganese, nickel and/or silicon.  These alloys are strong, hard and have excellent resistance to marine corrosion.  They are therefore commonly used for making propellers, bearings, gears, valves, and pipefittings for seawater use. Ankh   Ancient Egyptian symbol for life adopted by Greek philosophers as the sign for copper.  Also called Key of Life and Crux Ansata. Annealing       Heating a metal in order to soften it after hardening by cold work or heat treatment.  After annealing, quenching is not necessary but may be of advantage in helping to remove scale. Anode copper Cast slabs of copper from the fire refining processes used as starters for electrolytic refining. Antlerite         Copper sulphide ore. Argentan        Early name for nickel silver, also alfenide. Argyrolith       Another early name for nickel silver, also alfenide. Arko Metal    80/20 brass Arsenical copper        Copper with phosphorus and arsenic additions that give good strength and resistance to fire cracking.  It is used primarily for the manufacture of boiler fireboxes. Arsenical brass          Brass with improved corrosion resistance containing arsenic, and frequently aluminium. Azurite           Copper carbonate ore. Bell metal       Copper tin alloy with much higher tin content than conventional bronze in order to make it hard and sonorous.


Having lived in exile for three years at Chiselhurst in Kent, who died in 1873?

BBC News Online | French want Napoleon remains back French want Napoleon remains back 11 December 07 11:34 GMT A French government minister has visited a Hampshire abbey asking for the remains of Napoleon III which are buried there to be returned to France. Christian Estrosi wants them sent back by 2010 to mark the 150-year anniversary of Nice becoming part of France under Napoleon III. The former French president and emperor - nephew of Napoleon I - died in exile in Britain. The monks at St Michael's Abbey in Farnborough have denied the request. The deposed president first lived in Kent when he came to Britain and when he died he was originally buried in Chislehurst. 'Frank' discussion Napoleon III spent the last three years of his life in exile in England, with Empress Eugenie and his only son, after he was captured and deposed during the Franco-Prussian war in 1870. When his son - also Napoleon - died in 1879, the empress built a monastery and imperial mausoleum in Farnborough. Abbot Cuthbert Brogan said the bodies of Napoleon III and his son were moved to the imperial crypt at St Michael's Abbey in 1888. The empress was also entombed there when she died in 1920. Mr Estrosi laid a floral tribute to the emperor, after which he met with the abbot. "It was private conversation between me and the minister that was frank and I think he left with a fuller appreciation of what's here and why it should continue to be here," Abbot Brogan told the BBC. Mr Estrosi has been quoted in the French press as saying he was grateful to London for everything it did for the imperial couple, but that France also has a claim to the remains.


Fernando Alonso drives for which F1 team?

Fernando Alonso Fernando Alonso Next Previous Enlarge 1 / 13 Fernando Alonso (ESP) Ferrari celebrates in parc ferme. Formula One World Championship, Rd5, Spanish Grand Prix, Race Day, Barcelona, Spain, Sunday, 12 May 2013 © Sutton Motorsport Images Fernando Alonso (ESP) World Karting Championship, Margutti, Parma, Italy March 1997. Second place finisher Lewis Hamilton (GBR) Mclaren and race winner Fernando Alonso (ESP) McLaren celebrate with the champagne. Formula One World Championship, Rd 5, Monaco Grand Prix, Race, Monte-Carlo, Monaco, Sunday 27 May 2007. © Sutton Motorsport Images BEST IMAGE Race winner Fernando Alonso (ESP) Ferrari F10 in parc ferme. Formula One World Championship, Rd 1, Bahrain Grand Prix, Race, Bahrain International Circuit, Sakhir, Bahrain, Sunday 14 March 2010. © Sutton Motorsport Images Fernando Alonso's promising season culminated with his first F3000 win International F3000 Championship - Spa, Belgium, 26 August 2000 Fernando Alonso (ESP) took victory in both of the races. Open Fortuna Championship, Donington Park, 5 September 1999. Fernando Alonso(ESP) European Minardi PS01 Canadian Grand Prix Qualifying, Montreal 9 June 2001 DIGITAL IMAGE Fernando Alonso (ESP) Renault R23B crosses the line to win his first GP. Formula One World Championship, Rd13, Hungarian Grand Prix, Race Day, Hungaroring, Hungary, 24 August 2003. DIGITAL IMAGE The Renault team celebrates Fernando Alonso (ESP) becoming World Champion. Formula One World Championship, Rd17, Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Interlagos, Brazil, 25 September 2005. DIGITAL IMAGE BEST IMAGE Race winner Fernando Alonso (ESP) McLaren Mercedes MP4/22 celebrates. Formula One World Championship, Rd 13, Italian Grand Prix, Race, Monza, Italy, Sunday 9 September 2007. BEST IMAGE Race winner Fernando Alonso (ESP) Renault celebrates victory with the team. Formula One World Championship, Rd16, Japanese Grand Prix, Race Day, Fuji Speedway, Japan, Sunday 12 October 2008. Race winner Fernando Alonso (ESP) Ferrari celebrates on the podium. Formula One World Championship, Rd 17, Korean Grand Prix, Race, Korea International Circuit, Yeongam, South Korea, Sunday 24 October 2010. BEST IMAGE Race winner Fernando Alonso (ESP) Ferrari F138 crosses the line. Formula One World Championship, Rd3, Chinese Grand Prix, Race Day, Shanghai, China, Sunday 14 April 2013. BEST IMAGE


In the TV series 'Lost', who played a rock musician from Manchester called Charlie Pace?

Charlie Pace | Lostpedia | Fandom powered by Wikia "Charlie" redirects here. For Desmond and Penny 's son, see: Charlie Hume Charlie Hieronymus Pace was a survivor from the middle section of Oceanic Flight 815 . Before the crash , he was the bassist and principal songwriter for the rock band Drive Shaft . He was addicted to heroin, but he kicked the habit on the island. He also suffered from self-doubt before the crash, but he formed new relationships on the island, including a friendship with Hurley and a romantic relationship with Claire Littleton . Learning from Desmond he was fated to die, Charlie sacrificed himself to guide the survivors toward safety. After his death, Charlie has continued to guide his friend Hurley . In the flash-sideways , he was reunited with his lover, Claire Littleton after she gave birth to Aaron, and along with their friends, they moved on. Contents Charlie amazed at his christmas present . (" Fire + Water ") Charlie was raised a devout Catholic and served as an altar boy. According to a dream, his mother gave him a piano one Christmas because she sensed his special musical talent. Charlie's father , however, vehemently opposed the career choice, and believed that Charlie and his brother Liam should become butchers like him. His father supported Charlie in other arenas though, teaching him to swim as a child. Charlie claimed he later became Northern England's swimming champion. (" Fire + Water ")  (" Greatest Hits ") Musical career and addiction Charlie honed his talents over the years, practicing and singing on the street for money . During one performance of Oasis' Wonderwall, a stranger claimed they'd been on an Island together, and Charlie jokes that "this is why we don't do drugs." Another time, he chased off a mugger after performing, and the victim he saved called him a hero. (" Flashes Before Your Eyes ")  (" Greatest Hits ") Charlie and Liam performing in a concert. (" The Moth ") Charlie and Liam formed a band called Drive Shaft . They initially doubted their chances, but they heard their song " You All Everybody " on the radio one day, and the group gained hope. Their song then became a hit, and the pressure of stardom consumed Liam, who turned to heroin . During their second Finland tour, he gave Charlie an heirloom ring for Christmas, thinking that only drug-free Charlie could carry on the family legacy. (" The Moth ")  (" Greatest Hits ") The band was a one-hit wonder. Losing popularity, they stooped so low to parody their song for a diapers commercial. Liam's addiction continued as well, and Charlie stood in for him at his daughter's birth. Charlie tried rejuvenating the band with a new song , but Liam sold Charlie's piano for an Australia rehab clinic. With Liam gone, Drive Shaft ceased to exist. (" Fire + Water ") Despite Liam's expectations, Charlie eventually turned to heroin. A year after Liam left the band, Charlie started a relationship with Lucy , a wealthy businessman's daughter, so he could rob her to pay his dealer . He changed his mind and took a job from her father, but heroin withdrawal kicked in, sending him to the hospital. Doctors returned to Lucy from Charlie's pocket a stolen antique, still covered in his vomit. (" Homecoming ") Flight 815 Charlie gets high in the plane's bathroom.(" Pilot, Part 2 ") Years after Drive Shaft's fall, Charlie flew to Sydney to try and convince Liam to reform the band. Liam, now living happily with his wife and children, refused and offered to house Charlie while he fought his addiction. Charlie, not wanting to deal with his brother anymore, scoffed at this and bought a plane ticket for seat 29C aboard Oceanic Flight 815 . (" Homecoming ")  (" The Moth ") He spent the night before the flight with a fellow addict who pretended to be a Driveshaft fan in a desperate attempt for his drugs. They fought physically over the last of his stash. On the plane, fearing a flight attendant's suspicion, Charlie threw his stash into a toilet, first snorting some of it. The plane then hit turbulence, and Charlie quickly buckled himself into a ne


The signature tune of which TV show is entitled 'Barnacle Bill'?

Barnacle Bill Orla RS600  Peter Hayward - YouTube Barnacle Bill Orla RS600  Peter Hayward Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Feb 18, 2016 Something for the children of the 1960's & 70's this time, with another wonderful childhood memory... the long running BBC children's magazine programme "Blue Peter", whose presenters soon became household names, not least with the famous phrase "Here's one I made earlier!" - as paper and cardboard were turned into amazing models and "useful" items. And who could forget the baby elephant who proceeded to wee all over the floor and then drag her keeper, and unfortunate presenter John Noakes, all around the studio... Classic live TV... brilliant! The long standing signature tune, called 'Barnacle Bill' (by H. Ashworth-Hope) has been performed in various different styles and versions throughout the years, as times (and musical tastes) changed. Here is a short arrangement of the Blue Peter theme tune, played by Peter Hayward on his Orla Ringway RS600 to bring back some great memories of a great TV show that has spanned generations. Thanks for listening (and subscribing?) as lots more unusual tunes, and forgotten favourites still to come on our channel, created for the sharing of - "Happy Music!!" - on keyboard, piano and organ. Category


Which English spa town hosts an annual International Gilbert and Sullivan Festival?

BBC - Derby - Around Derby - Tour of Buxton Buxton       is a quaint and ancient spa town on the fringes of the Peak District. Take a look at some of the main features with our photo tour. The Derbyshire       town of Buxton has been described as many things: the 'Jewel of All       Spa Towns' and the 'Heart of The Peak District' to name but two. The latter is not strictly true as Buxton lies outside the boundaries       of the Peak District National Park. Buxton is Britain's highest market town, standing at over 1000ft above       sea level, and is one of only two towns in England which the Romans       prefixed with the term 'Aquae' - the Latin for 'waters' - Aquae Arnemetiae       (the other was Aquae Sulis, which we now know as the city of Bath).


Which place did Freddy Mercury & Montserrat Caballë sing about in 1987?

Song of the Day: Barcelona by Freddie Mercury & Montserrat Caballé | The Dancing Rest Song of the Day: Barcelona by Freddie Mercury & Montserrat Caballé “Barcelona” is a single released by Queen vocalist Freddie Mercury and operatic soprano Montserrat Caballé. A part of their collaborative album Barcelona, it also appeared on Queen’s Greatest Hits III. Lyrics: I had this perfect dream Un sueno me envolvio This dream was me and you Tal vez esta aqui I want all the world to see Un instinto me guiaba Now my dream is slowly coming true The wind is a gentle breeze EI me hablo de ti The bells are ringing out EI canto vuela They’re calling us together Guiding us forever Wish my dream would never go away Barcelona It was the first time that we met Barcelona The moment that you stepped into the room You took my breath away Barcelona And if God is willing We will meet again And shake the foundations from the skies Shaking all our lives Like a jewel in the sun Por ti sere gaviota de tu bella mar Barcelona Abre tus puertas al mundo If God is willing Barcelona! …… The song reflects Mercury’s love of opera with his high notes and Caballé’s operatic vocals, backed by a full orchestra. Originally released in 1987, it was one of the biggest hits of Mercury’s solo career, reaching number eight in the UK Singles Chart. After Mercury’s death in 1991, it was featured at the 1992 Summer Olympics, after which the track climbed even higher, peaking at number 2 in the UK, the Netherlands and New Zealand. In 2004, BBC Radio 2 listed Barcelona at #41 in its Sold On Song Top 100. Mercury had been a long-time fan of opera, especially favouring Montserrat Caballé. In 1986, he mentioned on Spanish television that he would be glad to see her in person. They had a friendly initial meeting in Barcelona in February 1987. Later, when the city had been chosen for the 1992 Summer Olympics, Caballé, a native of the city, was asked to help with producing a song for the games. She summoned Mercury for the task. Mercury became enthusiastic about the project and instead of recording a single, she proposed to make an album, which Mercury agreed on. The song “Barcelona” had to be its opening song, to be completed by 1988, and to be submitted as a candidate for the 1992 Olympic theme (the selection was scheduled for 1988, 4 years before the Games). The recording was complicated by the tight schedule of Caballé. Thus to spare her time, Mercury recorded the song, also singing her part in falsetto. He would then send a tape to Caballé to prepare her for the joint studio sessions. The song was co-written by Mercury with Mike Moran, who also appeared in the song’s video and played a piano accompaniment for the studio recording. The song starts with an orchestral introduction, which fades and is followed by Mercury and Caballé singing alternately their solo lines, sometimes merging into a duet. When singing the chorus “Barcelona” and a few other parts for the studio version, Mercury dubs over his voice in his usual multi-tracking style. Mercury leads the song whereas Caballé provides a powerful “background” soprano. Since Caballé covers the soprano part, Mercury sings in his natural baritone voice rather than forced tenor, which was common in his other recordings. The song has been described as a rare textbook example of a combination of pop and opera singing which accentuated their differences. Whereas Mercury articulates his every word, Caballé focuses on the tone; her lines are much harder to comprehend, and further, she uses both English and Spanish languages. Consequently, she keeps her part melodic throughout all the song at the expense of the text, whereas Mercury has to resort from singing to nearly shouting at the crescendo part in order to deliver his words.Mercury was reportedly amazed by the legendary ability of Caballé to control her voice; for example, in the fadeout, he had to step away from the microphone to decrease his voice intensity, whereas she didn’t move at all. Freddie Mercury


Which male star played the title role in the 2004 film 'The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou'?

The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou Movie Review (2004) | Roger Ebert Tweet My rational mind informs me that this movie doesn't work. Yet I hear a subversive whisper: Since it does so many other things, does it have to work, too? Can't it just exist? "Terminal whimsy," I called it on the TV show. Yes, but isn't that better than half-hearted whimsy, or no whimsy at all? Wes Anderson's "The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou" is the damnedest film. I can't recommend it, but I would not for one second discourage you from seeing it. Advertisement To begin with, it has a passage of eerie beauty, in which the oceanographer Steve Zissou ( Bill Murray ) and his shipmates glide in a submarine past an undersea panorama of wondrous and delightful creatures. They are seeking the dreaded jaguar shark that ate Steve's beloved partner, and when they find it, well, they fall silent and just regard it, because it's kind of beautiful. This could have been a scene from "20,000 Leagues Under the Sea" if Captain Nemo had been a pothead. Zissou is, we learn, the auteur of a series of increasingly uneventful undersea documentaries, in which the momentum is sliding down a graph that will intersect in the foreseeable future with a dead standstill. "The Life Aquatic" opens with the premiere of his latest work, which ends with the audience gazing up at the screen as if it is more interesting now that it is blank. Zissou himself seems to be in the later stages of entropy and may become one of those Oliver Sacks people who just sit there on the stairs for decades, looking at you. His crew would seem slack-witted to SpongeBob. On board the good ship Belafonte, Zissou has assembled his ex-wife Eleanor ( Anjelica Huston ), her ex-husband Alistair ( Jeff Goldblum ), the salty dog Klaus Daimler ( Willem Dafoe ), the plummy producer Oseary Drakoulias ( Michael Gambon ), and the financial guy Bill ( Bud Cort , so that's what happened to him). Along the way they collect Ned Plimpton ( Owen Wilson ), who thinks he may be Steve's son, although my theory is he's just another one of George Plimpton's unfinished projects. Their mission is to find the deadly shark, exact revenge, and film the adventure. Covering the expedition is Jane Winslett-Richardson ( Cate Blanchett ), whose surname suggests she is the result of an affair involving the matriarchs of two great acting families and a designated male, perhaps Ned's birth father. Advertisement These characters involve themselves in great plot complications, which are facilitated by the design of the boat, which looks like a rust bucket on the outside but conceals innumerable luxuries, including a spa. There is also a "scientific laboratory" with lots of equipment that looks as if it might have been bought at auction from a bankrupt high school in 1955. Anderson has built a wonderful set with a cutaway front wall so that we can look into all the rooms of the boat at once; it's the same idea Jerry Lewis used in "The Ladies' Man." Events on the boat are modulated at a volume somewhere between a sigh and a ghostly exhalation. Steve Zissou is very tired. I suggest for his epitaph: Life for him was but a dreary play; he came, saw, dislik'd, and passed away. Ned makes an effort to get to know his father, a task made difficult because Steve may not be his father and is not knowable. Jane, Ned and Steve form a romantic triangle, or perhaps it is just a triangle. A folk singer performs the works of David Bowie in Portuguese, and the ship is boarded by Filipino pirates. So you see, it's that kind of movie. The colors are like the pastels produced by colored pencils, and kind of beautiful, like the shark. The action goes through the motions of slapstick at the velocity of dirge. Steve Zissou seems melancholy, as if simultaneously depressed that life is passing him by, and that it is taking so long to do it. Anjelica Huston seems privately amused, which is so much more intriguing than seeming publicly amused. Cate Blanchett proves she can do anything, even things she should not do. I forgot to mention that Steve's friend is played


In which city are the districts of Didsbury and Moston?

Manchester travel guide - Wikitravel City information[ edit ] Manchester Town Hall Manchester is in the northwest region of England and is characterised by its friendly, approachable inhabitants. Manchester is located about equidistant between Liverpool and Leeds , which are roughly 1 hour's travel each by road or rail from Manchester city centre. The expansion of the modern city has its roots in the 1800's when it became the world's first industrial city through the development of the cotton industry. The remnants of this development are still commonly visible through the red-brick mills of the period. The city had challenges following the decline of this industry in the twentieth century, however Investment in the city's regeneration following the 1996 IRA bomb and 2002 Commonwealth Games paid off and Manchester is well worth a visit. The city has developed dramatically in the last two decades and the city has a vibrant, cosmopolitan, exciting air. The city is being positioned as the heart of a new 'Northern Powerhouse', providing links to the surrounding cities and regions and delivering a counterweight to London in the south. Manchester is therefore well positioned to be used as a base to explore northern England and North Wales, with excellent air, rail, tram and road links. Although it has the image of being very wet, the rainfall and number of rainy days in Manchester are actually less than the UK average. Manchester is a city where people are choosing to settle and the population of the city and surrounding region is increasing. It is seen by many as young, vibrant and cutting edge city, where there is always something happening. Many see their city as a rival to London, albeit on a more human scale; never mind the ongoing battle with Birmingham for "The Second City" title. The "Manchester brand" is seen to extend well beyond the immediate city's boundaries and across Greater Manchester. This serves to reflect the influence it has on the wider region as a whole. Over the years, many have moved to Manchester from London. These people are by no means all returning to their northern roots. Some are from overseas, who stopped off down south on their way north in search of a more affordable urban existence, or indeed Londoners and natives of Southern England who have been priced out of the housing market. Northerners do talk to each other and to strangers. Just compare asking for directions in London and Manchester and the difference is often clear. Locals are generally proud of Manchester and all it offers. Positive comments and praise go down a treat with the locals, and with all that has happened in recent years, such is often due. The adjective associated with Manchester is Mancunian or simply Manc. The distinctive linguistic accent of the city's indigenous inhabitants. Some pronunciations are more closely related to that of Liverpool with its strong north-Waleian (Welsh) roots than it is to the Lancastrian or Cestrian of the neighbouring cotton towns. Manchester Visitor Information Centre, Piccadilly Plaza, Portland Street, Manchester, M1 4BT, phone: 0871 222 8223 ( touristinformation@visitmanchester.com fax: +44 161 236 9900) [2] Mon-Sat 09:30 - 17:30, Sun 10:30 - 16:30 (recorded information available by phone outside these times). The Visitor Centre has up-to-date lists of places to eat and sleep. The old visitor centre used to be near the town hall so if you ask for directions and someone says that's where it is then they're wrong. Try asking for directions to Piccadilly Gardens - the new Visitor information place is near the tram stop there. History[ edit ] Manchester was the site of the Roman Fort Mamucium (breast-shaped) in AD 79 but a town was not built until the 13th Century. The old Roman road that ran to the nearby fort of Coccium ( Wigan ) is mirrored today by the route through Atherton & Tyldesley. A priests' college and church (now Chetham's School and Library and the Cathedral) were established in Manchester in 1421. Early evidence of its tendency towards political radicalism was its support for Pa


What nationality is tennis legend Roger Federer?

JockBio: Roger Federer Biography     In professional tennis, the only crime worse than lacking world-class        talent is squandering it. For years, the curse of untapped potential        hung around Roger Federer’s neck like an anvil, as the waited        with growing impatience for his big breakthrough. With no holes        in his game, fans simply assumed the only thing the fluid, efficient        Swiss star needed was character. One life-altering tragedy and        16 Grand Slam titles later, all is forgiven and forgotten, as Roger        has brought an element of artistry back to the men’s game.        This is his story… GROWING     UP Roger Federer was     born August 8, 1981, in Basel, Switzerland. ( Click     here for today's sports birthdays .) His parents, Robert and Lynette, both worked in the pharmacuetical industry. Robert was an     executive for Ciba-Geigy. He met Lynette, a     native South African and also a Ciba-Geigy employee, during a business     trip. Their marriage also produced a daughter, Diana,     in 1979. Roger and his older sister grew up in the town of Munchenstein, just outside     the city of Basel. A 2,000-year-old city on the Rhine, it is home to Switzerland’s    oldest university, dozens of museums and the famous Theater Basel. Tennis was a family     passion in the Federer home, though neither Roger’s parents nor     his sister had any special aptitude for the game. Everyone enjoyed it,     however, and Roger showed enough promise to earn entry into Basel’s     crack junior program at the age of eight. Roger’s first     sports hero was Boris Becker, the young German who won Wimbledon in 1985.     Roger recalls watching Becker play Stefan Edberg in the 1988 Wimbledon     final. He cried when his idol lost. Controlling his temper was a problem     that would plague Roger throughout his childhood. His game already showed     signs of genius, but like many kids his age, he was often     out of control on the court. (Roger describes himself as a “hothead.”)     He erupted after hitting dumb shots and rarely went through a day without     hurling his racket against the fence. Robert and Lynette were mortified     when they saw their son’s behavior during tournaments. Roger could     not understand this. He was never rude to umpires, linesmen or opposing     players. His anger was reserved for himself. The Federers refused to speak     to him after one of his episodes, frustrating him even more. Enter Peter Carter.     A tough player from Australia, he had learned how to make a little talent     go a long way. From the age of 10 to 14, Roger spent more time with Carter     than his own parents. The coach taught Roger flawless technique on his     ground strokes and serve, and watched him grow into his body and start     dominating opponents. The two also discussed the mental     side of the game—not just strategy and psychology, but also about     the importance of being gracious and polite and reigning in your emotions.     Carter was eventually able to get Roger to see how much energy he wasted     during his outbursts, and over the next few years, the incidents lessened     considerably. In 1994, at the age     of 13, Roger decided it was time to leave home and accept an invitation     to Switzerland’s national training center in Ecublens, near Lausanne.     He would come home on weekends and spend time with his family, but every     Sunday night, when it was time to board the train for the two-hour ride     back, he was terribly depressed. The training center was in the French-speaking     part of the country. Roger, who spoke German, found himself isolated by     many of the students and coaches. Three years later,     he left Ecublens and re-enrolled in a new training facility in Biel, where     Carter had been pu


Inventor of the telephone Alexander Graham Bell died and was buried in which country?

Dr. Bell, Inventor of Telephone, Dies Dr. Bell, Inventor of Telephone, Dies By THE NEW YORK TIMES SYDNEY, N. S., Aug. 2.--Dr. Alexander Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone, died at 2 o'clock this morning at Beinn Breagh, his estate near Baddeck. Although the inventor, who was in his seventy-sixth year, had been in failing health for several months, he had not been confined to bed, and the end was unexpected. Late yesterday afternoon, however, his condition, brought about by progressive anemia, became serious, and Dr. Ker of Washington, a cousin of Mrs. Bell, a house guest and a Sydney physician, attended him. With Mr. Bell when he died were Mrs. Bell, a daughter, Mrs. Marion Hubbard Fairchild, and her husband, David G. Fairchild of Washington. The inventor leaves another daughter, Mrs. Elise M. Grosvenor, wife of Gilbert Grosvenor of Washington, who now is with her husband in Brazil. At Sunset on Friday, on the crest of Beinn Breach Mountain, the body of Dr. Bell will be buried at a spot chosen by the inventor himself. The grave of the venerable scientist, the immensity of whose life work was attested by scores of Telegrams which came today to the Bell estate from the world's prominent figures, is at a point overlooking the town of Baddeck, Cape Breton. The sweeping vista from the mountain top, so admired by Dr. Bell, stretches far over the Bras d'Or Lakes. Sunset, chosen as the moment when the body will be committed to the sturdy hills, gilds the waters of the lakes until they are really what their name means--"the lakes of the arm of gold." Dr. Bell asked to be buried in the countryside where he had spent the major portion of the last thirty-five years of his life. The inventor came to Cape Breton forty years ago, and five years later purchased the Beinn Breagh estate. His last experiments, dealing with flying boats, were made on Bras d'Or Lake. American specialists who were rushing to the bedside of Dr. Bell were today returning to the United States. They were told of his death while aboard fast trains bound for Baddeck, and, being too late, turned back. Alexander Graham Bell lived to see the telephonic instrument over which he talked a distance of twenty feet in 1876 used, with improvements, for the transmission of speech across the continent, and more than that, for the transmission of speech across the Atlantic and from Washington to Honolulu without wires. The little instrument he patented less than fifty years ago, scorned then as a joke, was when he died the basis for 13,000,000 telephones used in every civilized country in the world. The Bell basic patent, the famed No. 174,465, which he received on his twenty-ninth birthday and which was sustained in a historic court fight, has been called the most valuable patent ever issued. Although the inventor of many contrivances which he regarded with as much tenderness and to which he attached as much importance as the telephone, a business world which he confessed he was often unable to understand made it assured that he would go down in history as the man who made the telephone. He was an inventor of the gramophone, and for nearly twenty years was engaged in aeronautics. Associated with Glenn H. Curtiss and others, whose names are now known wherever airplanes fly, he pinned his faith in the efficacy for aviation of the tetrahedral cell, which never achieved the success he saw for it in aviation, but as a by-product of his study he established an important new principle in architecture. Up to the time of his death Dr. Bell took the deepest interest in aviation. Upon his return from a tour of the European countries in 1909 he reported that the continental nations were far ahead of America in aviation and urged that steps by taken to keep apace of them. He predicted in 1916 that the great war would be won in the air. It was always a theory of his that flying machines could make ever so much more speed at great heights, in rarefied atmosphere, and he often said that the transatlantic flight would be some time made in one day, a


Which was the first country to establish a permanent airport on Antarctica?

Which Country Owns Antarctica? Which Country Owns Antarctica? 7 Antarctica is huge. The continent that surrounds the south pole comprises nearly 10% of the earth’s landmass. It’s also extremely cold. The annual average temperature is -50°C and 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages a mile thick. Does any country actually own it? Who Owns Antarctica? No country or nation is a recognized ‘owner’ of Antarctica but several nations do claim pie-shaped slices of the continent. Thanks to an international treaty signed in 1959, only one thing rules Antarctica – science. The treaty signed back then froze new territorial claims, banned military activity, weapons testing, and made Antarctica off-limits for nuclear testing. One thing the treaty did allow for was scientific research. 47 nations have ratified the treaty and any nation is free to do scientific research as long as they share their research with the rest of the world. Later amendments to the treaty sought to cover Antarctica’s natural resources. Territories of Antarctica The later additions protect seals, whales, other marine based life while also regulating any possible (future) mineral development. Several countries have attempted to get access to the area for the abundance of natural resources that are believed to be there. Since no company or nation has done thorough surveys, it is believed that extremely rich oil and coal reserves lie deep beneath the ice. Currently, Argentina, the United Kingdom, Chile, France, New Zealand, Australia, and Norway have all claimed areas to establish research bases. At this time, there are 15 established science bases around the continent with scientists from 28 different nations. There are more than 4,000 scientists that operate the research stations in the summer months but this number decreases to just over 1,000 during the winter months. What Kind Of Scientific Research is Done in Antarctica? Meteorite In Antarctica The first actual scientific research done in Antarctica was largely geography and elemental meteorology. This involved the mapping of the continent and determining its weather patterns and movements of glaciers. After, geologists began to study the rock types and structures in an effort to connect Antarctica to the other continents in the Southern Hemisphere. As more discoveries were made – fish, mammals, and the birds inhabiting the south pole and coastal areas – biologists and zoologists were added to expeditions. Now, virtually all scientific disciplines have their specialists represented in the farthest outposts of Antarctica. The current scientific research taking place now falls mainly among the following disciplines: biology, geology, astronomy, meteorology, glaciology, oceanography, atmospheric sciences, and medical science. Scientists studying volcanology and meteorites are especially thrilled with what secrets Antarctica may reveal. Astrophysics In Antarctica Thanks to Antarctica’s thin, dry, cold atmosphere and due to the ozone hole (which has been getting smaller over the years thanks to reduced CFC usage worldwide), Antarctica is the perfect place to study space and the stars. Ongoing research includes the formation of large-scale structure in the early Universe, cosmic microwave background, origins of star-forming molecular clouds, the origin and evolution of protostars, and the interaction between molecular clouds and early stars. Bonus fact: Interestingly enough, Antarctica has 2 ATM’s. They were installed back in 2000 at the McMurdo Station which is 840 miles from the south pole. A few of the workers were trained to perform minor repairs but a vendor is sent down once every two years to service them and deliver spare parts and/or upgrade software. References:


Mt Elbrus, Europe's highest, is in which country?

Mount Elbrus: Facts About Europe’s Highest Mountain Credit: Tatiana Morozova | Shutterstock Mount Elbrus isn’t technically a mountain — it is an inactive volcano located in the western Caucasus mountain range, near the Georgian border in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay–Cherkessia, Russia. With an elevation of 18,510 feet (5,642 meters), it is part of the Caucasus Range that straddles Asia and Europe, although most geographers place it in Europe. This makes it the tallest mountain in Europe and one of the Seven Summits, the highest mountains in each of the continents and elite climbers aspire to summit all of them. Mount Elbrus’ prominence —a measure of how distinct a mountainis from nearby peaks — is 15,554 feet (4,741 m), making it the 10th most prominent mountain in the world. The east summit is slightly lower at 18,442 feet (5,621 m). Meaning of the name "Mingi-Tau" is the name given Elbrus by the Balkars, the Turkic people of the Caucasus region. This translates to "resembling a thousand mountains," as a homage to the mountain’s size. Before the Balkars, the mountain was known as Sobilus, which is Latin for "pine cone" This is a variation of strobilos, meaning "a twisted object," which is an apt description of the mountain's summit. The mountain also has a mythological history. In Greek mythology. Zeus chained Prometheus to the mountain as punishment for stealing fire from Zeus and sharing it with mankind. The name also has Persian origins, a derivation of Harā Bərəzaitī, a mountain in Persian mythology. Elbrus’ climate The climate is most conducive to climbing in July and August, when the weather is at its most stable. Even in the summer, nighttime temperatures average 18 F (minus 8 C). Temperatures above the snowline can fall as low as minus 22 F (minus 30 C) during the day during the winter. Winter is coldest in the western part. It lasts from October to April above 6,562 feet (2,000 m). While the mountain is inland, it is positioned between the Caspian Sea and the Black Sea. These two large bodies of water have an impact on wind and precipitation. Climbing Elbrus Elbrus has a unique cable car system, which was built on the south side of the mountain from 1959 to 1976. The cable car reaches 12,500 feet (3,658 m).  From there, most climbers take the Standard Route up the south side to the summit. While the lack of crevasses can lull climbers into a false sense of safety, the Standard Route is challenging due to the snow, high winds and a high elevation. About 15 to 30 climbers die each year, which is a fairly high ratio of climbers to climber deaths when compared to other mountains. Another unique feature of Elbrus is the system of huts for resting, including the Barrel Huts, which are located at 13,600 feet (3,962 m). There is also a snow-cat to take climbers up to 15,750 feet (48,000 m). Mount Elbrus has 22 glaciers that feed three rivers — Baksan, Malka and Kuban. The mountain is covered with snow year-round. While it can be a dangerous climb, it is considered among the easiest of the Seven Summits. The typical climbing season is May to September. The harsh winter conditions keep all but the most experienced climbers off the mountain. It takes most climbers less than a week to summit, which is short compared to the other Seven Summits. Another high point in Europe Mount Elbrus gets the title of highest in Europe. Another, perhaps better known, peak is Mont Blanc. It is the highest mountain in the Alps and the European Union. Its elevation is 15,781 feet (4,810 m) above sea level. Key points in Elbrus history 1829: Kabardinian Killar Khashirov, a guide for a Russian army scientific expedition, was the first to reach the east summit, which is the lower of the two summits. 1874: The higher west summit was ascended by Akhia Sottaiev, a Balkarian guide, who was working for a group that was led by Brit Florence Crauford Grove and included Englishmen Frederick Gardner and Horace Walker, and Swiss climber Peter Knubel. 1932: The first hut, called "Prijut 11," was built at of 13,650 feet (4,160 m). 1942: During World War