What is the formal (systematic) chemical name for the alcohol in intoxicating drink?

Social and Cultural Aspects of Drinking - Culture Chemistry and Consequences Social and Cultural Aspects of Drinking Click on the accompanying image to download and read the full document using Adobe's Acrobat Reader. Contents Social and Cultural Aspects of Drinking Social and cultural roles of alcohol Given overwhelming evidence for the primacy of sociocultural factors in determining both drinking patterns and their consequences, it is clear that ethnographic research findings on the social and cultural roles of alcohol may have important implications for policy-makers - particularly in areas such as Europe where economic and political ‘convergence’ could have significant impact on drinking-cultures and their associated lifestyles. In this context, it is essential for those concerned with policy and legislation on alcohol to have a clear understanding of the sociocultural functions and meanings of drinking. This section outlines the principal conclusions that can be drawn from the available cross-cultural material regarding the symbolic uses of alcoholic beverages, the social functions of drinking-places and the roles of alcohol in transitional and celebratory rituals. Symbolic roles From the ethnographic material available, it is clear that in all cultures where more than one type of alcoholic beverage is available, drinks are classified in terms of their social meaning, and the classification of drinks is used to define the social world. Few, if any, alcoholic beverages are ‘socially neutral’: every drink is loaded with symbolic meaning, every drink conveys a message. Alcohol is a symbolic vehicle for identifying, describing, constructing and manipulating cultural systems, values, interpersonal relationships, behavioural norms and expectations. Choice of beverage is rarely a matter of personal taste. Situation definer At the simplest level, drinks are used to define the nature of the occasion. In many Western cultures, for example, champagne is synonymous with celebration, such that if champagne is ordered or served at an otherwise ‘ordinary’ occasion, someone will invariably ask "What are we celebrating?". In the Weiner Becken in Austria, sekt is drunk on formal occasions, while schnapps is reserved for more intimate, convivial gatherings - the type of drink served defining both the nature of the event and the social relationship between the drinkers. The choice of drink also dictates behaviour, to the extent that the appearance of a bottle of schnapps can prompt a switch from the ‘polite’ form of address, sie, to the highly intimate du (Thornton, 1987). Even in societies less bound by long-standing traditions and customs, where one might expect to find a more individualistic, subjective approach to the choice of drinks, the social meanings of different beverages are clearly defined and clearly understood. A US survey (Klein, 1991) examined perceptions of the situational appropriateness of various types of alcoholic drink, finding that wine, but not spirits or beer, is considered an appropriate accompaniment to a meal; wine and spirits, but not beer, are appropriate drinks for celebratory events, while beer is the most appropriate drink for informal, relaxation-oriented occasions. In cultures with a more established heritage of traditional practices, perceptions of situational appropriateness may, however, involve more complex and subtle distinctions, and rules governing the uses of certain classes of drink are likely to be more rigidly observed. In France, for example, the aperitif is drunk before the meal, white wine is served before red, brandy and digestifs are served only at the end of the meal and so on (Clarisse, 1986; Nahoum-Grappe, 1995). In traditional circles, any alteration to this ‘liquid punctuation’ of a meal is akin to a serious grammatical error, and greeted with similar horror or contempt. Among Hungarian Gypsies, equally strict rules apply to brandy: brandy may only be consumed first thing in the morning, during the middle of the night at a wake, or by wome


The hairstyling device used in creating a bun is commonly called a?

How to Use a Doughnut Ring to Make a Hair Bun | eBay How to Use a Doughnut Ring to Make a Hair Bun Share 10 March 2016 A do ughnut ring , also called a hair doughnut or sponge , is a styling device that helps create a full, fashionable bun that looks perfect for both casual and formal occasions. The aptly named object looks much like a doughnut: it is round and mushy, and comes in different colors (most commonly pale yellow, brown, and black) to match various hair shades. Using a doughnut ring is relatively simple, and requires little time and minimal additional styling products. That said, it might seem confusing at first, which is why some familiarity with the process can help first-time users. After that, they can have a beautiful updo in a matter of minutes.   Preliminaries: Gathering the Right Supplies Making a doughnut bun requires just a few supplies. Although few in number, the importance of each the necessary tools and styling products must be kept in mind when looking for ways to get the perfect look.   Paddle brush or comb assists in creating a smooth ponytail Comb helps add volume in front or under bun Holds ponytail firmly in place so bun does not slide Doughnut ring Center of bun which hair covers and wraps around Choose a ring that most closely matches hair color When making ponytail with bun is in place, helps prevent fly-aways Additional accessory For formal occasions, decorative accessories can dress-up the look Try a lace-trimmed antique veil for a bridal style Each person's hair is somewhat unique in how it grows, the thickness, ad of course, the color. Therefore, some may find that they need only hair elastic and bobby pins, in addition to the doughnut ring.   Step One: Make a Ponytail The first step, is to gather the hair into a ponytail and fasten with a hair elastic. Use a paddle brush or comb if desired. Spraying a bit of hairspray on the tips of the brush or comb can help tame flyaway pieces. For fine hair, it may be better to work with hair washed the day before, so that it is less slippery. Place the ponytail where the bun should sit on the head. Experiment with high and low buns, side buns, or even making more than one on the head. Both high and low buns have a classic elegance, while side buns create interest.   Step Two: Put the Doughnut Ring in Place Put the doughnut ring into place at the base of the ponytail, sliding the ponytail through completely.   Step Three: Covering the Doughnut Ring with Hair The next step involves covering the doughnut ring with the hair at the base of the ponytail. It may help to lean forward so that the hair in the ponytail splays evenly all around the ring. If available, position a couple of mirrors to help verify coverage. Otherwise, use your fingertips to feel whether any bare spots are left.   Step Four: Securing the Bun Working from the front of the doughnut ring, bring hair around and tuck it under, securing with bobby pins along the way. It may help to hold the bun in place with one hand as you wrap the rest of the hair around the ring. Continue this process until the entire ponytail is in place. Using fewer bobby pins may give the bun a slightly tousled look. For a smoother, more finished bun, tuck in any excess strands with bobby pins.   Step Five: Finishing Touches Once the bun is complete, it is possible to add a few finishing touches. While the doughnut ring tends to hold hair quite firmly in place, spritz with hairspray to prevent fly-aways. Pin in an accessory, such as a jeweled hairclip or, for weddings, bridal veil.   How to Buy a Doughnut Ring for Hair Buns You can find all the supplies you need to make your doughnut hair bun on eBay , where you can take advantage of user-friendly search tools and great deals daily on many hair-care products. To start, simply go to any eBay webpage and locate the search field. Enter keywords for what you are looking for, such as " blonde doughnut ring ." Once you have found an item you are interested in, read the full listing for important information, including quantity, condition, shipping fees, and whether a


Baba au Rhum Recipe : Ina Garten : Food Network Whipped Cream, recipe follows Directions Combine the currants and rum in a small bowl and set aside. Melt 1 tablespoon of the butter and brush a 5-cup (6 1/2 by 3 1/2-inch) tube pan or kugelhopf mold with the melted butter. Be sure to coat every crevice of the pan. Heat the milk to 115 degrees F and then pour it into the bowl of an electric mixer fitted with the paddle attachment. Stir in the yeast and sugar and allow to sit for 5 minutes. With the mixer on low speed, first add the eggs , then the flour, salt, and remaining 4 tablespoons of butter. Raise the speed to medium-high and beat for 5 minutes. Scrape down the bowl and beater to form the dough into a ball. It will be very soft. Cover the bowl with a damp towel and allow it to rise until doubled in size, about 1 hour. Drain the currants, fold them into the dough with a spatula , and spoon into the prepared pan. Smooth the top, cover the pan with a damp towel, and allow to rise until the dough reaches the top of the pan, 50 minutes to 1 hour. Meanwhile, preheat the oven to 375 degrees F and make the rum syrup. Bake the cake for about 30 minutes, or until a toothpick comes out clean. Allow to cool for 10 minutes, then tap it out of the cake pan onto a baking rack set over a sheet pan . Pour all of the rum syrup very slowly onto the warm cake, allowing it all to soak in thoroughly. Amazingly, the liquid will be absorbed into the cake, so be sure to use all of the syrup. Heat the preserves with 1 tablespoon of water until runny, press it through a sieve , and brush it on the cake. Serve with whipped cream piped into the middle of the cake plus an extra bowl on the side.


What political speech/campaign term derives from the tradition of cutting down a tree to make a platform for the speaker?

Project MUSE - “Rhymes with Blunt”: Pornification and U.S. Political Culture Pornification and U.S. Political Culture Karrin Vasby Anderson (bio) Abstract In this essay, I contend that political culture and campaign journalism during the 2008 U.S. presidential campaign was “pornified.” Examination of broadcast journalism, viral videos, online commentary, political pop culture, and get-out-the- vote campaigns reveals the ways in which pornographic metaphors, images, and narratives infiltrated U.S. political culture during the 2008 presidential primary and general election season. I assess the media framing of candidates Hillary Clinton and Sarah Palin, as well as that of female voters as a group, arguing that the emergence of the pornification frame signals a backlash against the gains women have made in the U.S. political system. In the first picture, an attractive young woman is naked and bound in heavy, black tape. Her arms are pinned behind her by the tape, which also encases her mouth. Her eyes, looking off into the distance, well with tears as her heavy black eyeliner and mascara run. One eye is darkened—either by a shadow cast across her face . . . or by a beating. The second picture features another bare-shouldered young woman. Her blond bouffant, porcelain skin, and red lipstick are reminiscent of ideal feminine beauty, circa 1950. A single tear cascades down her face as her blue eyes stare blankly into the distance. [End Page 327] Her perfectly glossed lips are contained by a leather strap, woven through metal rivets affixed to her skin and tied to resemble a nineteenth-century corset. The women in the photos are not anonymous crime victims; they are celebrities Jessica Alba and Christina Aguilera. The photos, tagged as “public service ads,” appear in the “Declare Yourself ” youth voter campaign. 1 These beautiful yet brutalized women are supposed to encourage the 18- to 25-year-old demographic to register and vote. Unfortunately, such misogynistic images are not rare in U.S. culture. Scholars have documented the ways in which women have been objectified, symbolically annihilated, attacked, fictionally murdered, and pictorially dismembered in images designed to sell products, open a film, or attract a television audience. As political candidates, campaigns, and journalists draw increasingly on framing and marketing strategies that have proven successful in corporate and entertainment contexts, it should be no surprise that women often are portrayed negatively. 2 However, in a political year that witnessed U.S. Senator Hillary Clinton waging a formidable campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination, and Alaska Governor Sarah Palin joining Senator John McCain’s ticket as the Republican vice-presidential nominee, some have taken these developments as evidence that women had almost achieved equality in U.S. political culture. Both Clinton and Palin touted the “18 million cracks in the glass ceiling” represented by Clinton’s primary campaign supporters. As one blogger on the website Feministing.com wrote, “the very fact that [Clinton] was there . . . proves that sexism is dying and is in remnants of what it used to be. . . . No, sexism isn’t dead, but yes, it is on its way out.” 3 Although that statement is not entirely false, the situation is also not that simple. The 2008 presidential campaign produced diverse cultural discourses, many of which were designed to discipline difference and reinstantiate white masculinity as the invisible standard for the U.S. presidency. 4 Like previous campaigns, the 2008 race was framed using the language of sports, war, and even romance; for the first time in U.S. presidential campaign history, however, a new frame emerged that fulfilled both the journalistic trend toward titillation and the cultural impetus to reinscribe traditional norms of political power. In this essay, I argue that political culture and campaign journalism during the 2008 U.S. presidential campaign was “pornified.” 5 Pornographic metaphors, images, and narratives infiltrated U.S. political culture in wa


The volume of (soccer) football (regulation adult 70cm circumference) is approximately how many litres?


Béchamel, Espagnole, Velouté, Hollandaise, Tomate are the five 'mother (what?)' of classical French cuisine?

5 Mother Sauces, What are the Sauces Made in France By Noah Charney on December 08, 2015 In 1854, French chef Marie-Antoine Carȇme published L’Art de la Cuisine Francaise au Dix-Neuvieme Siecle, an encyclopedia of French cuisine and cooking that was the first culinary cultural encyclopedia. Carȇme’s influence extended beyond recipes. Starting life as a kitchen boy in a cheap chop house, he worked his way up to becoming an expert patissiere, whose elaborate confections, some nearly a meter tall and modelled on ancient ruins like the pyramids, drew gawking customers at shop windows, before he rose to the status of must-have celebrity chef, cooking for Napoleon, Talleyrand, King George IV of England, Tsar Alexander I of Russia, and the Rothschilds. It is thanks to him that we eat our meals in order, one course at a time (referred to as service a la Russe, as Carȇme learned in Russia), as opposed to having all dishes served simultaneously (service a la Francaise). He is also responsible for diverse menus and eating seasonally—his employer, Talleyrand, challenged him to make a year-long menu, with no dishes repeated, and all ingredients both local and seasonal. Among his many accomplishments, he wrote of what he considered the four “mother sauces,” sauces that form the base from which countless variations can be prepared. Carȇme’s mother sauces were espagnole, veloute, béchamel and allemande. In 1903, Carȇme’s bible of French cuisine was updated by chef Auguste Escoffier , whose monumental Le Guide Culinaire is still required reading for every student of cookery the world over. Born in Nice, Escoffier worked for hotelier Cesar Ritz in Monte Carlo and Lucerne, and brought haute French cuisine to London, when he and Ritz were invited by Richard D’Oyly Carte to run the Savoy Hotel—he would later become chef of the Ritz and Carlton hotels. Part of Escoffier’s modernization was a shift in what he considered to be mother sauces. Allemande, he argued, was really just a “daughter” of veloute, and should be downgraded. But he added two more in its place: hollandaise and sauce tomate. Hollandaise, part of the egg-based range of –aises, I discussed in a previous article, so we’ll set that aside. Because we’ve got another four mother sauces to examine. Five Mother Sauces: Bechamel It’s a running joke that just about any traditional French recipe begins with “make a roux,” but the mixture of butter and flour provides unctuous body to anything added to it. Throw some milk into a roux, and you’ve got béchamel. This is the base for scores of “daughter” sauces, like Mornay (béchamel + gruyere and egg yolk) and mustard sauce (béchamel + mustard) and soubise (béchamel + diced onions). It is named after the chief steward to King Louis XIV, though no one knows why, and it first appears in Le Cuisinier Francois, published in 1651. For each cup of milk in the sauce, there is 1-3 tablespoons for butter and flour mixed in (depending on how thick you’d like it). Five Mother Sauces: Espagnole Espagnole, aka “brown sauce,” is the mother to hundreds of children, and is more of a starting point than something consumed as is. It begins with a dark brown roux, adding veal stock, bones and pieces of beef and vegetables—a miniature, concentrated stew, with tomato paste added at the end, before the sauce is skimmed and strained. Why it is called “Spanish” sauce is a matter of debate: one source says that it is because the Spanish chefs who came with Louis XIII’s bride insisted on kicking the French sauces for the wedding up a notch by adding Spanish tomatoes, while another says the use of meat in the sauce comes from a French craze for Spanish bacon and ham from Montanches. Take espagnole and reduce its liquidity by half, and you have a demi-glace. Add African or creole seasonings to it, and you’ve got Sauce Africaine. Add red wine and shallots, parsley, thyme and bay leaf, and you’ve got Sauce Bourguignonne. Five Mother Sauces: Veloute The so-called “velvet” sauce is made of chicken or fish bones that have not been first roasted (which would darken it), but a


In chemistry and physics the tendency of a substance to vaporize is termed?

Volatility_(chemistry) Volatility_(chemistry) Volatility (chemistry) Volatility in the context of chemistry , physics and thermodynamics is a measure of the tendency of a substance to vaporize . It has also been defined as a measure of how readily a substance vaporizes. At a given temperature, substances with higher vapor pressures will vaporize more readily than substances with a lower vapor pressure. [1] [2] [3] [4] Although usually applying to liquids , volatility can apply to solid materials such as dry ice (solid carbon dioxide ) and ammonium chloride , which can change directly from solid to vapor without becoming liquid. The direct transition of a solid to a vapor is called sublimation . Relation between vapor pressures and normal boiling points of liquids Main article: Vapor pressure   Vapor pressure is the pressure of a vapor in equilibrium with its non-vapor phases (i.e., liquid or solid). Most often the term is used to describe a liquid's tendency to evaporate. It is a measure of the tendency of molecules and atoms to escape from a liquid or a solid. A liquid's atmospheric pressure boiling point corresponds to the temperature at which its vapor pressure is equal to the surrounding atmospheric pressure and it is often called the normal boiling point. The higher is the vapor pressure of a liquid at a given temperature, the higher is the volatility and the lower is the normal boiling point of the liquid. The vapor pressure chart to the right has graphs of the vapor pressures versus temperatures for a variety of liquids. [5] As can be seen in the chart, the liquids with the highest vapor pressures have the lowest normal boiling points. For example, at any given temperature, propane has the highest vapor pressure of any of the liquids in the chart. It also has the lowest normal boiling point(-43.7 °C), which is where the vapor pressure curve of propane (the purple line) intersects the horizontal pressure line of one atmosphere (atm) of absolute vapor pressure. See also ^ Gases and Vapor (University of Kentucky website) ^ Definition of Terms (University of Victoria website) ^


The Italian fashion name Prada refers to?

Italian Fashion Designers & Brands: Prada | Made-In-Italy.com HOME › FASHION › Designers & Brands Prada At the beginning of the 20th century, a leather goods shop called Fratelli Prada opened in the Vittorio Emanuele Gallery in the very centre of Milan. Founders Mario Prada and his brother Martino could never have imagined that one day their name would be synonymous with Italian fashion all over the world. In 1913, the Prada brothers began importing leather handbags and luggage from England to sell in Italy. Their first success came just a few years later, when their company was named “Official Supplier to the Italian Royal Household”, allowing them to use the House of Savoy insignia in their logo, and resulting in Prada's fame spreading among Europe's aristocracy. As time went on the company helm was taken first by Luisa Prada - Mario and Martino's sister - and then by her daughter Miuccia, after Luisa's death in 1978. When Mario Prada once said that women couldn't do his job, he certainly wasn't expecting anything like that. The Dream Unfolds The turning point for the company came in 1977, when Miuccia met her husband Patrizio Bertelli, a Tuscan businessman in the leather goods market. He encouraged her to follow the dream of making her own bags and to stop importing. Just a few years later she launched her first creations. In 1984, two years after creating her women's shoe collection, Miuccia Prada launched the Prada backpack. Made of a special fine nylon  twisted weave, it soon became one of the labels most iconic items. In 1988 Prada launched its women's haute couture collections to great acclaim. The growing importance of the Italian fashion group led to their opening the first in a series of flagship stores in the Milanese central Via Della Spiga, which was followed by stores in New York, Madrid, Paris and Tokyo.  In the Nineties, the Italian fashion group continued to expand, with the creation of a men's collection and a new label Miu Miu. Created by Miuccia Prada to meet the needs of young women who wanted to be both on-trend and elegant without losing their personality, the line offers haute couture as well as accessories, handbags, footwear, fragrances and eyewear, the latter the result of special agreements signed by Prada with Luxottica, a leader in the Italian eyewear industry. They also signed agreements with the PUIG beauty and fashion group for the production and worldwide distribution of the feminine and masculine fragrances as well as the sunglasses and eyewear collections. In 2001, Car Shoe, the iconic Italian brand created by Gianni Mostile in 1963, became part of the Prada group. The elegant and immediately recognisable driving moccasins were soon a staple in the Prada collections and much loved by the international glitterati.  More than Fashion Miuccia Prada and her husband have always been passionate not only about fashion but the arts. In 1993 they created “Milano Prada Arte”, later changed to the Prada Foundation, a project intended to bring together the brightest minds in the fields of arts, culture, cinema, design and fashion.  Prada's foray into the world of cinema led to the making in 2005 of Thunder Perfect Mind, a short film directed by Ridley Scott to launch Prada's new female fragrance. Three years later, a Prada collection was the inspiration for another short film, Trembled Blossoms, by James Jean: its bright colors and creativity fully reflecting the ethos of the Italian fashion house . Prada also entered the sports world, becoming sponsors of sailing teams and other events. They also worked with new technologies, launching the Prada Phone by LG in 2007. In 2009, Prada published the Prada Book, a celebration of the innovation and creativite achievemnets that have led to it being one of the most shining examples of the made-in-Italy ethos. With three Prada Epicenters in Broadway, Tokyo and Beverly Hills, headquarters in Italy and New York, and boutiques and stores all over the globe, Prada has become one of the most famous fashion names in the world. Taking design seriously both in te


Founded in 1827 by Karl Baedeker and run by his family until 1984, the eponymous German company is famous for?

Baedeker's | Project Gutenberg Self-Publishing - eBooks | Read eBooks online History (1827−1948) Karl Baedeker 1827−1859: Karl Baedeker (see article) had three sons, Ernst, Karl and Fritz and after his death each, in turn, dictated by events, took over the running of the firm. Ernst Baedeker 1859−1861: Following the death of Karl Baedeker , his eldest son Ernst Baedeker (1833−1861) became the head of the firm. After his training as a bookseller in Braunschweig , Leipzig and Stuttgart , he had spent some time at the English publishing house "Williams & Norgate" in London. On New Year's Day, 1859, he had joined his father's publishing firm as a partner and just ten months later he was running it on his own. [1] His tenure at the helm of the firm saw the publication of three new travel guides in 1861 viz the first Baedeker travel guide in English, the handbook on "The Rhine " (from Switzerland to Holland), a guide in German on Italy (Ober-Italien), the first of a series on Italy, which his father had planned and one in French, also on Italy (Italie septentrionale). Ernst Baedeker died unexpectedly on 23 July 1861 of sunstroke in Egypt [2] and his younger brother, Karl, assumed charge of the publishing house. Karl Baedeker II 1861−1877: Karl Baedeker II (1837−1911) continued the work started by his brother Ernst. In addition to the ongoing revision of existing guides, he published 14 new guides: four in German, seven in English and three in French. [3] viz. New German titles: 1866: Italien Zweiter Theil: Mittel-Italien und Rom 1666: Italien Dritter Theil: Unter-Italien, Sizilien und die Liparischen Inseln New English titles: 1867: L'Itale deuxième partie : L'Italie centrale et Rome 1867: L'Italie troisième partie: L'Italie du Sud, La Sicille et les îles Lipari Karl Baedeker II worked with his younger brother Fritz, who joined the firm in 1869 as a partner and became the general manager. In 1877 (according to the source cited here) Karl, afflicted with an incurable mental condition, moved to a sanatorium near Esslingen am Neckar where he remained for the rest of his life. [4] Fritz Baedeker 1869−1925: Under Fritz Baedeker (1844−1925) the company grew rapidly. In 1870, the Baedeker bookselling business was sold. In 1872, he moved the company's headquarters from Koblenz to Leipzig , a major move forward, as most of the reputable major German publishing houses were located there. He also persuaded Eduard Wagner, the Baedeker cartographer in Darmstadt, to move to Leipzig and establish a new company with Ernst Debes, a talented cartographer from "Justus Perthes" a leading cartography firm in Gotha . The new company was named "Wagner and Debes" with offices adjacent to the new Baedeker address. Herbert Warren Wind , the author of The House of Baedeker [5] wrote: "Wagner & Debes made a very important contribution to the guidebooks, providing them not only with the best maps in the world, many in color, but also with superb ground plans of palaces, churches, gardens, museums and castles, and with some extraordinary panoramas of Alpine ranges and other such two-star vistas." He added: "By and large, it was the sheer technical skill of the staff at Wagner & Debes that kept the Baedeker guides well ahead of their rivals in this particular aspect of publishing." Michael Wild, the Baedeker chronicler , [6] refers to the Baedeker maps as a feast for the eye. [7] The expansion was fast and furious. New editions were now printed by several Leipzig printers, but the bulk of the revised editions of pre-1872 guides continued to be printed where all Baedeker guides had been produced before - the G.D. Baedeker printing works in Essen . [8] Fritz ventured into territory none of his predecessors had covered before, inside and outide Europe e.g. Russia, Sweden, Norway, Palestine, Syria, Egypt, Greece, the Mediterranean, USA, Canada, India and South East Asia. Plans to publish guides on China and Japan had to be abandoned when war broke out in 1914. [9] At home, the list of guides on German regions and cities continued to grow. His was the golden ag


Nits, Blondels, Skots, Lamberts, and Footlamberts are measures of?

CityPages Kuwait July 2013 by CityPages Kuwait (page 122) - issuu issuu 122 {Homework for Grown ups} HOMEWORK FOR GROWN UPS EVERYTHING YOU LEARNED AT SCHOOL... BUT CAN YOU REMEMBER? General Knowledge Quiz 3. What word features in most sciences and elsewhere technically referring, like its Latin origin, to a 'flow'? 4. Charlotte, TJ's, Adelphi, Barfly; Joiners, and Forum are/were names in what UK market sector: Fashion; Lifestyle media; Perfume; or Music? 5. A 'rum baba' is a: Shaved head; Cake; Judo throw; or Fijian canoe? 6. What political speech/campaign term derives from the tradition of cutting down a tree to make a platform for the speaker? 7. The volume of (soccer) football (regulation adult 70cm circumference) is approximately how many litres: 2.5; 3.7; 4.6; or 5.8? 8. A safe reliable business agreement or position is said to be (what?)bottomed: Gold; Copper; Brass; or Lead? 9. Béchamel, Espagnole, Velouté, Hollandaise, Tomate are the five 'mother (what?)' of classical French cuisine? 10. Andersen Consulting was renamed (2001) and became which vast global B2B corporation? 11. In chemistry and physics the tendency of a substance to vaporize is termed: Volatility; Pressure; Density; or Potential Energy? 12. The Italian fashion name Prada refers to: The founder; The founder's hometown; 'Proud'; or 'Handbag'? In this sentence, ransack means to: 1. drown out 2. make sense of 3. search thoroughly 4. give up on ANSWER: 3.When you ransack, you rifle through things, steal some of them, and leave a huge mess behind. If neighborhood dogs got into a cupcake shop, they would probably ransack it. 2. Which organization launched the Firefox smartphone operating system in 2013, targeting the developing world? Moodily, but in vain, I ransack my memory. You can use the verb ransack to describe a careful search — you might ransack your backpack looking for your car keys, for example. Marauding armies, feral cats, burglars, and other troublemakers are often described as ransacking towns, rooms, gardens, or shops, especially if they take things and leave disarray in their wake. The word ransack comes from the Old Norse rannsaka, which has a similar meaning but is literally "search the house."us the word clairvoyance. 1. The hairstyling device used in creating a bun is commonly called a: Donut; Cake; Pudding; or Pizza? Test Your Vocabulary Cool Maths Puzzle A caterer charges a setup fee of $50, and $18 per person. How much will the caterer charge if 40 people attend the party, and the customer has a coupon for $100 off the total? 13. What caused a 34 minute suspension of play in the 2013 Superbowl: Fire; Fog; Serious injury; or Power-cut? a) $720 b) $670 c) $820 d) $770 14. Founded in 1827 by Karl Baedeker and run by his family until 1984, the eponymous German company is famous for: Meat products; Travel guides; Sports equipment; or Fashion wear? 15. Name the social influence theory defined/popularized by US professor of economics/behavioral science Richard Thaler in his 2008 book: "(What?) - Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness" ? ANSWERS :(b) 16. Apterous means: Appropriate; Capable; Wingless; or April-flowering? 18. The 1960s abbreviations 'STD' and 'DDD' referred (UK and US respectively) to what aspects of telephone dialling: Long-distance and Direct; Local and Free; Emergency and Free; or Push-button and Digital? 19. Nits, Blondels, Skots, Lamberts, and Footlamberts are measures of: Human intelligence; Sound; Rubber-band tension; or Luminance? 20. The 'steg' in stegosaurus refers to its: Covering (of armoured plates); Slowness; Two-brains; or Stripes? ANSWERS: 1. Donut, 2. Mozilla, 3. Flux (from fluxus, flow), 4. Music (they are/were all famous small live music venues, respectively in Leicester, Newport, Hull, Cardiff, Southampton, Tunbridge Wells), 5. Cake (Usually individual-portioned, syrup coated, round sponge, soaked in rum, filled with cream - traditional/developed in Paris from Polish origins), 6. Stump (it originally referred in US politics to a standard speech delivered to a relatively small gathering a


Part of the Internet applications glossary: Sina Weibo is a social networking and microblogging service based in China with more than 368 million registered users. Sina Weibo was launched in 2009 and is owned by SINA Corporation, the largest Internet portal in China. In Chinese, Weibo means microblog. The site's features and structure are similar to those of Twitter . Weibo employs mentioning and talking to other registrants using the "@UserName" format, hashtags with #s and reposts of multimedia content. Posts include photos, images, emoticons , music, video clips and text with a 140-character limit. Weibo also has threaded comments and a chat function. Well-known people and organizations are given a verification badge on their accounts. The social media site rewards registrants with a virtual currency called Weibi, which is earned through posting or by using real currency. Users can use Weibi for online Sina Weibo games. Twitter is banned in China, as is Facebook , and Chinese authorities are known to patrol Sina Weibo. If officials perceive a post to be negative, offensive or damaging to the Chinese government, they have it deleted. In March 2012, Sina Weibo's comment section was shut down for three days. This was last updated in October 2012 Contributor(s): Miki Onwudinjo


What popular food comes from the Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima plants?

Oryza glaberrima (African rice) | Plants & Fungi At Kew Discover plants and fungi Oryza glaberrima (African rice) African rice is a staple food in West Africa prized for its delicate taste, its ability to withstand flooding and its resistance to pests and diseases. Detail of a herbarium specimen of Oryza glaberrima Species information Widespread in cultivation. Habitat:  African rice grows best on fertile alluvial soils although it tolerates low soil fertility and can produce higher yields than Asian rice on alkaline and phosphorus-deficient soils. Floating rice is planted on loam or clay soils. Key Uses:  Food, medicine, livestock feed, ritual. Taxonomy Genus: Oryza About this species There are only two species of cultivated rice in the world: Asian rice (Oryza sativa) and African rice (Oryza glaberrima). African rice is native to West Africa, where it is cultivated as a foodcrop. It is known for its hardiness and its ability to compete with weeds, pests, infertile soils and human neglect. However, increasingly African rice is being replaced by the introduced Asian varieties of Oryza sativa, which produce a higher yield than African rice, shatter less easily and have a softer grain that is easier to mill. African rice is still an important crop for small-scale farmers who grow it for its nutty flavour and other culinary qualities. It is also used in a ritualistic context and as a treatment in African traditional medicine. Genus:  Discover more Geography and distribution Oryza glaberrima is native to West Africa and grows in the region extending from the delta of the River Senegal to Lake Chad in the east. The most intensive areas of cultivation of African rice are the floodplains of northern Nigeria, the inland delta of the Niger River, parts of Sierra Leone and Ghana. African rice was introduced to the New World during the days of the slave trade and today is cultivated in parts of Brazil, Guyana, El Salvador and Panama. Oryza glaberrima is thought to have been domesticated from its wild ancestor Oryza barthii around 1,500 BC in the inland delta of the Niger River. Today Oryza barthii can be found growing wild in parts of Africa. Description Overveiw: Oryza glaberrima is an annual with erect stems up to 90-150 cm long. The sheaths which enclose the stems are smooth and hairless. Herbarium specimen of Oryza glaberrima Leaves: The leaf blades are 20-30 cm long and 10-15 mm wide and pointed at the tip. Flowers: The inflorescence is a panicle (an extensively branched inflorescence) 15-25 cm long. The spikelets (clustered units of flowers and bracts) are solitary. The fertile spikelets comprise two sterile florets at the base and one fertile floret. The spikelets are about 8 mm long and remain on the plant when mature. The glumes (empty bracts that enclose the florets) are absent or obscure. The flower contains two lance-shaped (lanceolate) lodicules (small structures at the base of the stamens). Each flower has six anthers and two stigmas. Fruits: The fruit is a caryopsis (a dry fruit where the fruit wall is attached to the seed). Uses African rice is a staple food which can be prepared in similar ways to Asian rice (Oryza sativa). Broken grains are used to feed chicken and other livestock. Some cultures in West Africa, such as the Jola of southern Senegal grow African rice to be used in traditional ceremonies and rituals. African rice also has many medicinal benefits: for example, in the Central African Republic the root is eaten raw as a remedy for diarrhoea.  Crop wild relatives of African rice The Millennium Seed Bank and the Global Crop Diversity Trust are engaged in a ten-year project, called 'Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change'. The project aims to protect, collect and prepare the wild relatives of 29 key food crops, including African rice, so that they are available to pre-breeders for the development of new varieties that are more resilient to the effects of climate change. Millennium Seed Bank: Seed storage The Millennium Seed Bank Partnership aims to save plants worldwide, focusing on those plants which are


A 'sinkhole' is a collapse of the ground into a void below caused by?

Louisiana sinkhole video: Watch grove of trees disappear below ground - LA Times Louisiana sinkhole video: Watch grove of trees disappear below ground Deborah Netburn A group of trees got sucked into a Louisiana sinkhole earlier this week, and you can watch them disappear right before your eyes. The opening frames of the three-minute video, above, seem to portray a peaceful bayou scene with nothing out of the ordinary, but the people who were actually on site knew something dramatic was about to happen. "Move it, move it!" a voice tells the cameraman. And then, "It's moving that much? Oh that's gone, right there."  About 22 seconds into the video you can see what he is talking about: a small grove of about 10 trees begins to sink into the rippling brown water. Less than 30 seconds later, the trees are fully submerged, never to be seen again. The tree-swallowing sinkhole was first discovered in August 2012 about 40 miles south of Baton Rouge in Assumption Parish. Over time, it has expanded to cover 24 acres of this swampy part of Louisiana, and has caused the evacuation of 350 residents of the area, according to an Associated Press report .   This sinkhole was likely caused by the collapse of a salt dome -- a large deposit of salt deep beneath the Earth's surface, explained Randall Orndorff, a supervisory geologist at the United States Geological Service, in an interview with the Los Angeles Times. "We don't see a lot of natural sink holes with these salt domes because they are very strong and tight," Orndorff said. But this sinkhole probably wasn't caused by nature. The state of Louisiana is currently suing a Houston-based company for causing the sinkhole, the AP reports . Scientists believe the company drilled too close to the edge of the salt dome, causing it to collapse on the side, and bringing down some of the surrounding sediment with it. PHOTO: When the ground drops: Sinkholes "The way you get a sinkhole is you have a void underground," Orndorff said, "but this cavern they were drilling was several thousand feet deep, and we are not used to seeing something this deep collapse all the way up to the surface." Most sinkholes collapse for as little as a few days, and up to a few months, but the Assumption Parish sinkhole has been collapsing for a year. "It will eventually stabilize," Orndorff said, "but it is covered in water, in a bayou, so it is really difficult to tell what its potential is."


Poached eggs on muffins with hollandaise sauce, and ham or bacon are popularly called 'eggs (What?)'?

How to Make Eggs Benedict Egg Recipes for Breakfast How to Make Eggs Benedict Eggs Benedict, a showy restaurant favorite, is also a luscious brunch entree to make at home. We'll show you how to make the classic version and a few shortcuts, too. Oops, we're sorry. Something went wrong. Please try again later. Oops, we're sorry. Something went wrong. Please try again later. Share your take on this idea! Upload your photo here. CLOSE What Is Eggs Benedict? The standard recipe calls for English muffins topped with Canadian bacon or sliced ham, poached eggs, and hollandaise sauce, which is a rich sauce made from eggs, butter, and lemon juice. Legend has it that it originated in Delmonico's Restaurant in New York City. Apparently Mr. and Mrs. LeGrand Benedict complained that there was nothing new on the lunch menu, so the maitre d' and Mrs. Benedict collaborated and came up with what is now known as Eggs Benedict. How to Make Eggs Benedict Here is what you will need for 4 servings of the classic version: 4  poached eggs 1  recipe Hollandaise Sauce or Mock Hollandaise Sauce (see below) 2  English muffins, split (half of a muffin per serving) 4  slices Canadian-style bacon     Paprika (optional) 1. Prepare Poached Eggs Poach the eggs in a pan of water. Click here for step-by-step instructions on cooking poached eggs . Or use an electric egg poacher, following manufacturer's instructions. Step 2. Make the Hollandaise Sauce The classic sauce for Eggs Benedict is Hollandaise Sauce . You will need a double boiler to keep the eggs from curdling during preparation. For a foolproof sauce that is a bit simpler but still tasty, try Mock Hollandaise Sauce . 3. Broil the Muffins & Canadian Bacon Preheat the broiler. Place muffin halves, cut sides up, on a baking sheet . Broil 3 to 4 inches from the heat about 2 minutes or until toasted. Top each muffin half with a slice of Canadian-style bacon; broil about 1 minute more or until meat is heated through. 4. Assemble the Eggs Benedict. To serve, place each bacon-topped muffin half on a plate and top with a poached egg. Spoon Hollandaise Sauce over each egg. If desired, sprinkle with paprika to add a little color. Make-Ahead Tip: Prepare the eggs and toast the English muffins as above. Place muffin halves in a greased 8x8x2-inch baking pan . Top each muffin half with a slice of Canadian-style bacon and 1 cooked egg. Cover and chill for up to 24 hours. To serve, prepare Hollandaise Sauce; spoon hot sauce over eggs. Bake, covered, in a 350 degrees F oven about 30 minutes or until heated through. Salmon Benedict Variation: Prepare as above, except spread 1 tablespoon softened tub-style cream cheese with herbs on each toasted English muffin half and substitute 4 ounces thinly sliced smoked salmon (lox-style) for the Canadian-style bacon. If desired, stir 1 tablespoon drained capers and 1/2 teaspoon dried dill weed into the Hollandaise Sauce. Do not use the paprika. Mushrooms Benedict Variation: This is a meatless option. Select 4 portobello mushrooms with 3-1/2- to 4-inch caps and remove stems. Prepare Eggs Benedict as above, except before cooking eggs, cook the mushroom caps in 1 tablespoon hot olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat until mushrooms are tender, about 6 minutes, turning once. Remove from pan and pat mushrooms with a paper towel to soak up excess liquid. Slice mushrooms. Sprinkle lightly with salt and ground black pepper;  cover with foil to keep warm. Continue as directed, using the mushroom slices instead of the Canadian-style bacon. Sprinkle each with finely chopped seeded tomato instead of the paprika. Eggs Benedict Recipes to Try:


What metaphorical torture chamber reference derives from George Orwell's 1949 book Nineteen Eighty-Four?

George Orwell * June 25, 1903 Motihari - India + January 21, 1950 London - GB     The British author George Orwell, pen name for Eric Blair , achieved     prominence in the late 1940's as the author of two brilliant satires. He     wrote documentaries, essays, and criticism during the 1930's and later     established him as one of the most important and influential voices of     the century. "On each landing, opposite the lift shaft, the poster with the enormous     face gazed down from the wall. It was one of these pictures which are so     contrived that the eyes follow you about when you move BIG BROTHER IS     WATCHING YOU, the caption beneath ran." - from Nineteen Eighty-Four Eric Arthur Blair (later George Orwell) was born in 1903 in the Indian     Village Motihari, which lies near the border of Nepal. At that time     India was a part of the British Empire, and Blair's father Richard ,held     a post as an agent in the Opium Department of the Indian Civil Service.     Blair's paternal grandfather too had been part of the British Raj ,and     had served in the Indian Army. Eric's mother ,Ida Mabel Blair ,the     daughter of a French tradesman, was about eighteen years younger than     her husband Richard Blair . Eric had a elder sister called Marjorie. The     Blairs led a relatively privileged and fairly pleasant existence, in     helping to administer the Empire. Although the Blair family was not very     wealthy - Orwell later described them ironically as "lower-upper-middle     class" . They owned no property, had no extensive investments; they were     like many middle-class English families of the time, totally dependent     on the British Empire for their livelihood and prospects. In 1907 when     Eric had about eight years ,the family returned to England and lived at     Henley, though the father continued to work in India until he retired in     1912. With some difficulty ,Blair's parents sent their son to a private     preparatory school in Sussex at the age of eight. At the age of thirteen     he won a scholarship to Wellington, and soon after another to Eton ,the     famous public school. His parents had forced him to work hard at a deary preparatory school,     and now after winning the scholarship, he was not interested any more in     further mental exertion unrelated to his private ambition. At the     beginning of Why I Write, he explains that from the age of five or six     he had known that he would be- must be-a writer. But in order to become     a writer one had to read literature. But English literature was not a     major subject at Eton, where most boys came from backgrounds either     irremediably unliterary or so literary that to teach them 'English     Literature' would be absurd. One of Eric's tutors later declared that     his famous pupil had done absolutely no work for five years. This was of     course untrue: Eric has apprenticed himself to the masters of English     prose who most appealed to him - including Swift, Sterne and Jack London. However he has finished the final examinations at Eton as 138th of 167.     He neglected to win a university scholarship, and in 1922 Eric Blair     joined the Indian Imperial Police. In doing so he was already breaking     away from the path most of his school-fellows would take, for Eton often     led to either Oxford or Cambridge. Instead he was drawn to a life of     travel and action. He trained in Burma, and served there in the police     force for five years. In 1927,while home on leave, he resigned. There     have been at least two reasons for this: firstly ,his life as a     policeman was a distraction from the life he really wanted, which was to     be a writer; and secondly, he had come to feel that, as a policeman in     Burma, he was supporting a political system in which he could no longer     beli


tritium | chemical isotope | Britannica.com chemical isotope hydride Tritium, (T, or 3H), the isotope of hydrogen with atomic weight of approximately 3. Its nucleus, consisting of one proton and two neutrons, has triple the mass of the nucleus of ordinary hydrogen. Tritium is a radioactive species having a half-life of 12.32 years; it occurs in natural water with an abundance of 10-18 of that of natural hydrogen. Tritium was discovered in 1934 by the physicists Ernest Rutherford , M.L. Oliphant, and Paul Harteck, who bombarded deuterium (D, the hydrogen isotope of mass number 2) with high-energy deuterons (nuclei of deuterium atoms) according to the equation D + D → H + T. Willard Frank Libby and Aristid V. Grosse showed that tritium is present in natural water, probably produced by the action of cosmic rays on atmospheric nitrogen . Tritium is produced most effectively by the nuclear reaction between lithium-6 (6Li) and neutrons from nuclear-fission reactors, according to the equation 6 Li + 1n → 4He + T. Although tritium reacts with other substances in a manner similar to ordinary hydrogen, the large difference in their masses sometimes causes marked differences in chemical properties of the compounds . Thus, tritium is less commonly used than deuterium as an isotopic tracer for chemical reactions. The nuclear reactions between deuterium and tritium have been used as a source of energy for thermonuclear weapons. Learn More in these related articles:


Name the vast global accountancy firm which effectively ceased after criminal involvement in the 2001 Enron corporate fraud?

Accountancy Futures – Issue 07 – August 2013 by ACCA - issuu issuu ACCOUNTANCY FUTURES I EDITION 07 I 2013 ACCOUNTING FOR THE FUTURE ACCOUNTANCY FUTURES CRITICAL ISSUES FOR TOMORROW’S PROFESSION I EDITION 07 I 2013 INVESTOR ENGAGEMENT STANDARDS FOR BUSINESS GLOBAL, LIVE AND ON-DEMAND ACCA’s annual Accounting for the future conference brings together finance professionals from around the world to discuss the challenges and opportunities facing the accountancy profession now and in the future. Using the latest technology, this global online conference enables experts and opinion leaders to share the latest RESEARCH AND INSIGHTS IPAD APP insights on how businesses and the corporate The latest release of ACCA’s Research and sector can maximise the value they deliver to their Insights iPad app explores the 100 drivers of organisations, stakeholders, regulators and the change shaping the landscape for business global economy. Topics to be covered include risk management, corporate culture, reporting for investors, integrated reporting, finance transformation, the role of the CFO, future career paths, technology trends, accountancy futures and supporting SME growth. The event will be brought to you via live webinars and on-demand sessions. To register, and for further information, visit www.accaglobal.com/accountingforthefuture and professional accountants over the next decade, and includes interactive graphics and video interviews from leading experts. Search for ‘ACCA Insights’ in the iTunes app store or visit www.accaglobal.com/riapp READ ACCOUNTANCY FUTURES ON YOUR IPAD You can download searchable editions of Accountancy Futures, with direct links to online content, to your iPad. Visit the iTunes app store or go to www.accaglobal.com/futuresjournal 29 Lincoln’s Inn Fields London WC2A 3EE United Kingdom +44 (0)20 7059 5000 www.accaglobal.com MOVING UP A GEAR A YEAR OF CHALLENGE FOR FINANCE PROFESSIONALS PLUS: KPMG GLOBAL CHAIRMAN I BRITISH AIRWAYS CEO I JOHN KAY ON OBLIQUITY I ISLAMIC FINANCE I INSIDE SHELL’S FINANCE FUNCTION I INTEGRATED REPORTING I THE FUTURE OF AUDIT I SMPs IN AFRICA I FRACKING AND THE NEW WORLD ORDER I POLAND’S POTENTIAL ACCOUNTANCY FUTURES Editor Chris Quick chris.quick@accaglobal.com +44 (0)20 7059 5966 Editorial board Stephen Heathcote Managing editor Lesley Bolton Sub-editors Dean Gurden, Peter Kernan, Eva Peaty, Vivienne Riddoch Design manager Jackie Dollar Designer Robert Mills Production manager Anthony Kay Executive director – markets stephen.heathcote@accaglobal.com Jamil Ampomah Regional director – Africa Head of publishing Adam Williams Pictures Corbis Printing Polestar Wheatons – a division of Polestar UK Print Limited Paper Antalis McNaughton Group. This magazine is produced on paper that contains certified fibres and is manufactured under strict conditions that allow the grade to carry the EU Ecolabel. The mill operates under the ISO 14001 certified environmental management system. ACCA President Barry Cooper FCCA Deputy president Martin Turner FCCA Vice president Anthony Harbinson FCCA Chief executive Helen Brand OBE jamil.ampomah@accaglobal.com Sue Almond technical director sue.almond@accaglobal.com Accountancy Futures is a registered trademark of ACCA. All views expressed in Accountancy Futures are those of the contributors. The Council of ACCA and the publishers do not guarantee the accuracy of statements by contributors or advertisers, or accept responsibility for any statement that they may express in this publication. Copyright ACCA 2013 Accountancy Futures. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or distributed without the express written permission of ACCA. Accountancy Futures is published by Certified Accountants Educational Trust in cooperation with ACCA. ISSN 2042-4566. stuart.dunlop@accaglobal.com May Law Regional director – Asia Pacific Stephen Shields Director of global Andrew Leck Regional director – Americas Andrew Steele Director – corporate Chiew Chun Wee head of policy, Asia Pacific chunwee.chiew@accaglobal.com AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND SYDNEY +61 2 8999 90


Whose famous old Brown Ale (still made) was first brewed in Whitechapel, London, in 1902?

30 English Ales You Must Have Before You Die - News and Features - Ratebeer 30 English Ales You Must Have Before You Die A summary of some famous English bottled beers Styles & Seasonals February 5, 2004       Written by SilkTork Southampton, United Kingdom, ENGLAND              - Beers come and beers go. Breweries open and breweries close. Todayï¿½s must have brew for which youï¿½ve driven 1,000 miles; been blindfolded, tarred & feathered and led down to the monkï¿½s back toilet; knelt and recited the Clinton Denial Speech three times backwards; and allowed unspeakable things to be done to your body with tangy marmalade, a rubber hose and a donkey, will be tomorrowï¿½s drain pour. That microbrewery rave turns out to be a one-off miracle due to the weekend cleaner dropping his stash into the mash by accident. And that rare Tibetan Llama Pooh Beer really was just that - liquid camel diarrhoea. So what beers are easily available in the bottle and have acquired a name that even a spotty beer novice still drinking with stabilisers would recognise? Well, here are thirty English beers that through a combination of luck, drunken raving and sheer endurance have earned the reputation of classic. Love them or loathe them - nod knowingly at the subtlety of that hedgehog and whale-oil tang or rant for hours in your pyjamas at the sheer nerve of any brewery to call that gnatï¿½s piss a beer - these are thirty brews you canï¿½t ignore and must face up to trying - at least once, just for sanityï¿½s sake - before you die. 1) Newcastle Brown Ale: Dating back to 1927, this is now the best selling bottled beer in Europe, and is one of Britainï¿½s most well-known brews, famous for being the first Northern-style Brown Ale. Jim Porter, the brewer, had tried for five years to produce a beer to rival the clarity and purity of Bass. Even though he failed, he did come up with something new which has been much-copied since. This Northern Brown Ale is not to be confused with the standard British Brown Ale, which is a Mild beer in a bottle. Expectations of any classic beer are high, but this one disappoints more than most. Drinking it chilled robs it of any character. There is a ï¿½nutty delicacyï¿½ (Michael Jackson) about it that many drinkers find and enjoy, while others regard it as ï¿½the most overrated beer in the world.ï¿½ (Bov) 2) Bass Ale: Brewed since 1777 in Burton-on-Trent. When dark stouts and porters were the most popular beers, William Bass set out to copy the London brewer Hodgson and make a pale coloured beer. He was fortunate that the waters of the Trent were perfectly suited to his hoppy ale, and soon other brewers flocked to Burton to make the new and successful Pale Ale. When served in the cask, drinkers found this Pale Ale more refreshing than the malt-accented ales they were used to, but also more bitter, so the term Bitter was soon used to describe this popular new beer. When Bass received instructions to supply the troops in India with his Pale Ale, he increased the strength and added extra hops to help it survive the journey. The term India Pale Ale is still used in England to describe a premium bitter. The history and importance of Bass cannot be denied. But sadly, its quality in the bottle these days is not very good. There are two bottled versions available in Britain. The version called Our Finest Ale is the tastiest and closest version to the original, though even that is not an excellent beer. The version sent to America is stronger, but blander than the British versions. The Belgian version is without a doubt the best of the bottled beers carrying the Bass name. The blandness of the American version is reflected in Oakes comment: ï¿½English ale for people who donï¿½t actually like the taste of real English ale.ï¿½ While Gusler goes a bit further and in noting that ï¿½it has lost its robustnessï¿½ he cries out that itï¿½s ï¿½a crime to let the pond scum sucking, money-grubbing cretins take over and ruin such a fine breweryï¿½ and that the current brewers should ï¿½burn in Hades with their money as the fuel


Name the illness caused by a reaction to gliadin, a gluten protein in wheat, barley, rye, etc?

Celiac Disease Celiac Disease Last Updated on Thursday, 05 May 2016 00:07 Hits: 94549     Celiac disease is a condition in which the lining of the small intestine is damaged by an allergic reaction to the food protein gluten which is present in a number of grains. It is said to be an auto-immune disease since IgA and IgA antibodies produced by the immune system against specific gluten components, namely gliadin, also target and damage the intestinal tissue, resulting in the characteristic flattening of the villi which impairs absorption of nutrients. Celiac disease is also referred to by other names including coeliac disease, c(o)eliac sprue, gluten intolerance, and gluten enteropathy. Official figures for clinically diagnosed celiac disease put the rate at 0.05-0.27% based on results from various studies. However, it is widely accepted that the condition is underdiagnosed with many people suffering symptoms for years without they or their doctors realizing they have celiac disease. Population studies from Europe, South America, Australasia and the USA (using serology and biopsy) have shown that the prevalence may actually be between 0.33 and 1.06% in children and 0.18-1.2% in adults. This translates to as many as 1 in 80 being affected. Cases of celiac disease are not distributed uniformly however. The disease most often effects people of European (especially Northern European) descent. Rates amongst people of African, Japanese, and Chinese descent are much lower. This is thought to be due to a combination of less genetic susceptibility and low wheat diets. Risk is elevated in those with other autoimmune diseases. The risk for developing celiac disease is elevated in people with other autoimmune diseases. It is also considered to have a strong genetic component since it tends to run in families. One large multicentre study undertaken in the US found a prevalence of 0.75% in not-at-risk groups (people without other allergic/autoimmune conditions etc), 1.8% in symptomatic patients, 2.6% in second-degree relatives of a patient with celiac disease and 4.5% in first-degree relatives(1).   Symptoms The symptoms of celiac disease are many and varied and it is considered to be a "multi-system, multi-symptom" disorder. As a result of this the condition is often mistaken for other bowel disorders (such as IBS ) and sometimes even other types of illness, as surprisingly bowel symptoms are not always present in cases of celiac disease. The disease can appear at any time in a persons life although research showing prevalence doesn't change much between childhood and adulthood would suggest most cases appear when a person is growing up (2). Symptoms can also vary considerably throughout a persons life. For example, when a celiac disease sufferer is in their teens gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and cramping may be most prominent, in their 30's the disease may present mainly as fatigue and depression, and finally in middle to old-age osteoporosis may be most troubling. This chameleon-like nature of the disease plays a large part in underdiagnosis. The symptoms of celiac disease are so numerous that it would be impractical to list all that have been ascribed to it. The following is a list of the most common symptoms: Classic gastrointestinal symptoms: Malabsorption-related symptoms: Damage to the small intestinal wall make it less able to absorb nutrients, minerals and fat-soluble vitamins. Weight loss (often despite large appetite and food intake) Failure to thrive (in children) Fatigue and lack of energy Anaemia (iron malabsorption may cause iron deficiency anaemia, and folic acid and vitamin B12 malabsorption may give rise to megaloblastic anaemia) Osteopenia (decreased mineral content of the bone) and osteoporosis (bone weakening and risk of fragility fractures). Both result from malabsorption of calcium and vitamin D resulting in deficiencies. Poor blood coagulation and abnormal bleeding (due to vitamin K deficiency but relatively rare) Small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) (can worsen malabsorption or cause it to


The Innocent smoothie drinks business was wholly acquired by which more famous drinks corporation in 2013?

External Environment Of Innocent Drinks Free Essays External Environment Of Innocent Drinks CB1256019 Assignment Task 7.8 Macro-Environment Assessment of Innocent Drinks Contents: 1. Introduction 1.1... Innocent Drinks – Company Overview 2. Macro Audit of Innocent Drinks 3. The Economic Impact – What can Innocent Drinks do to minimise this impact? 4. What could happen to Innocent Drinks if it did nothing about this economic issue? 5. Conclusion 6. Reference 7. Bibliography  1. Introduction The purpose of this report is to analyse the Macro-Environment of an organisation in the UK by identifying... A Good Opportunity, Companies established in 1998, Economics 1675  Words | 6  Pages Innocent drink “Innocent drinks” is company that selling famous drinks in The United Kingdom which started by 3 Cambridge students... in 1999. This is a drink that makes with 100 percent pure and natural fruit juice. Smoothies are the primary product of “Innocent drinks” and people are aware of it due to its healthy image. The company provides different product range and the distribution of channels covered most of the supermarkets, coffee shops and etc. For every year “Innocent drinks” will donate 10 percent of their... Business, Coca-Cola, Coffee 1221  Words | 4  Pages Innocent Drinks Innocent Drinks is a UK-based company founded in 1999 whose primary business is producing smoothies and flavoured spring water,... sold in supermarkets, coffee shops and various other outlets nationally as well as in Ireland, Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, France, Austria, Denmark and Switzerland. Innocent has a 75% share of the £169m UK smoothie market[citation needed] and the company sells two million smoothies per week.[3] Innocent is 58% owned by The Coca-Cola Company. Contents [hide]   ... 2009, Coca-Cola, Innocent Drinks 1248  Words | 4  Pages Innocent Drinks Case study Innocent Drinks Ltd. Steve Johnson With CIMA, I was able to go into a business, fully understand it and get the... most out of it. Innocent’s three founders gave up their jobs over five years ago and started making Innocent smoothies. The idea was to make it easy for people to do themselves some good. And to make it taste nice too. The drinks were called Innocent because they are always completely pure, fresh and unadulterated. In the summer of 1998, when they had developed their first... Accountant, Case study, Entrepreneur 1464  Words | 4  Pages Innocent Drinks' Design Culture The Innocent Drinks Design Culture  Discuss and illustrate the extent to which a ‘design culture’ in an organisation can give... it competitive advantage. I. Introduction In 21st century, the organizations are entering a brand new era full of opportuni-ties and innovations, and great changes have taken place in companies’ attitude to-wards some traditional practices. Design has become an essential issue. As the writer in “Designing the 21st century” observed: Throughout the industrialized... Brand, Brand equity, Brand management 2144  Words | 7  Pages Innocent drink essey Innocent Drinks Personal Report By Melinda Halasz 1 Introduction The reports objective is to give information about... Innocent Drinks, company’s initial management approach, followed by a comparing analysis between Ryanair and Robert Owen. It will present how its managers added value to their resources they had in the beginning and the latest news about Innocent. 2 Methodology The report is built mainly on secondary research. Qualitative data`s sources is from the business data base such as... Management, Profit 1115  Words | 4  Pages External Environment Chapter 4 The External Environment The Environmental Domain Organization Environment is composed of all... elements that exist outside the boundary of the organization that have the potential to affect all or part of the organization. Its domain is the chosen field of action. The environment comprises several sectors or subdivisions of the environment that contain similar elements (ie. industry, raw materials, human resources, market, technology, financial resources, economic conditio


The handtool which may be struck or bowed as a musical instrument is a 'singing (what)'?

Musical instrument M Musical instrument A musical instrument is an object constructed or used for the purpose of making the sounds of music . In principle, anything that produces sound can serve as a musical instrument. The history of musical instruments dates back to the beginnings of human culture. The academic study of musical instruments is called organology. The date and origin of the first device considered to be a musical instrument is the subject of modern debate. Archaeologists tend to debate the matter in terms of the validity of various physical evidence such as artifacts and cultural works. An artifact of disputed status as a musical instrument dates back as far as 67,000 years old; artifacts commonly accepted to be early flutes date back as far as about 37,000 years old. However, most historians believe determining a specific time of musical instrument invention to be impossible due to the subjectivity of the definition. Musical instruments developed independently in many populated regions of the world. However, contact among civilizations resulted in the rapid spread and adaptation of most instruments in places far from their origin. By the Middle Ages , instruments from Mesopotamia could be found in the Malay Archipelago and Europeans were playing instruments from North Africa. Development in the Americas occurred at a slower pace, but cultures of North, Central, and South America shared musical instruments. Archaeology In pursuit of understanding who developed the first musical instruments and when, researchers have discovered various archaeological evidence of musical instruments in many parts of the world. Some finds are as much as 67,000 years old, but their status as musical instruments is often in dispute. Consensus solidifies about artifacts dated back to around 37,000 years old and later. Only artifacts made from durable materials or using durable methods tend to survive. As such, the specimens found cannot be irrefutably placed as the earliest musical instruments. In July 1995, Slovenian archaeologist Ivan Turk discovered a bone carving in the northwest region of Slovenia . The carving, named the Divje Babe flute, features four holes that Canadian musicologist Bob Fink determined could have been used to play four notes of a diatonic scale . Researchers estimate the flute's age to be between 43,400 and 67,000 years, making it the oldest known musical instrument and the only musical instrument associated with the Neanderthal culture. However, some archaeologists question the flute's status as a musical instrument. German archaeologists have found mammoth bone and swan bone flutes dating back to 30,000 to 37,000 years old in the Swabian Alb. The flutes were made in the Upper Paleolithic age, and are more commonly accepted as being the oldest known musical instruments. Archaeological evidence of musical instruments was discovered in excavations at the Royal Cemetery in the Sumerian city of Ur (see Lyres of Ur). These instruments include nine lyres , two harps , a silver double flute , sistra and cymbals . A set of reed-sounded silver pipes discovered in Ur was the likely predecessor of modern bagpipes. The cylindrical pipes feature three side-holes that allowed players to produce whole tone scales. These excavations, carried out by Leonard Woolley in the 1920s, uncovered non-degradable fragments of instruments and the voids left by the degraded segments which, together, have been used to reconstruct them. The graves to which these instruments were related have been carbon dated to between 2600 and 2500 BCE, providing evidence that these instruments were being used in Sumeria by this time. A cuneiform tablet from Nippur in Mesopotamia dated to 2000 BCE indicates the names of strings on the lyre and represents the earliest known example of music notation. History Scholars agree that there are no completely reliable methods of determining the exact chronology of musical instruments across cultures. Comparing and organizing instruments based on their complexity is misleading, since advancements in music


In which human sensory organ is Bruch's membrane?

Sense Organs Sense Organs   There are five senses: sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch. There are organs connected with these sense that take in information that is sent to the brain so that the body can act on it. Sight The eye is the organ of the sense of sight. Eyes detect light, and convert it to electro-chemical impulses in neurons. Parts of the eye: Cornea The transparent window at the front of the eye which is covered in a thin layer of tears. Aqueous humor On the other side of the cornea is more moisture. This clear, watery fluid is the aqueous humor. It circulates throughout the front part of the eye and keeps a constant pressure within the eye. Pupil and iris: The pupil is the circular opening in the colored part of the eye which is the iris. The iris dilates or opens and contracts to let in more or less light. Lens: Resembles the lens of a camera and focuses the light, changing shape as it takes in light reflected from objects near and far. Vitreous: A clear jelly that the focused light passes through to the retina. Retina: The inner lining at the back of the eye. It contains blood vessels which bring nutrients to the nerve cells. The macula is at the very center of the retina and contains the fovea. The photoreceptors of the retina are the rods and cones. The cones perceive color and finer elements. The retinal pigment epithelium, choroid and sclera are three more layers. The photoreceptors send light and images to a large nerve called the optic nerve. This carries the information to the occipital lobe of the brain where they are interpreted. Eyelids and eyelashes: These protect the eye and along with tears keep the eye clear and moist.   Hearing The ear is the organ concerned with hearing. The ear has three parts: the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear. Outer ear: Pinna: The outermost part of the ear made of cartilage that is connected to the outer tube called the auditory canal. This leads to the eardrum.   Middle Ear Eardrum, stirrup, anvil and hammer: This membrane vibrates and along with the three tiny bones in the middle ear, the hammer, anvil and stirrup, and sends the stiumuli to the cochlea.   Is spiral shaped and it transforms sound into nerve impulses that travel to the brain. Semicircular canals: These fluid filled tubes attach to the cochlea and nerves in the inner ear. They send information on balance and head position to the brain. Eustachian tube: Drains fluid from the middle ear into the throat behind the nose.   Taste: Tongue: Is a muscular organ in the mouth. The tongue is covered with moist, pink tissue called mucosa and tiny bumps called papillae. Thousands of taste buds cover the surfaces of the papillae. Taste buds are collections of nerve-like cells that connect to nerves going into the brain. There are four types of taste buds: sour, sweet, bitter and salty. The tongue is vital in tasting and chewing food and in speech.   Smell: Nose: The nose, along with the mouth, lets air in and out of the body. It also helops us distinguish different smells in that air. The nasal root is the top of the nose, forming an indentation at the suture where the nasal bones meet the frontal bone. The anterior nasal spine is the thin projection of bone at the midline on the lower nasal margin, holding the cartilaginous center of the nose.[1] Adult humans have nasal hairs in the anterior nasal passage.   Touch Skin: The skin is the largest organ of the body, with a total area of about 20 square feet. The skin protects us from microbes and the elements, helps regulate body temperature, and permits the sensations of touch, heat, and cold. The epidermis, the outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone. Layers: The dermis, beneath the epidermis, contains tough connective tissue, hair follicles, and sweat glands. The deeper subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis) is made of fat and connective tissue. The skin's color is created by special cells called melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin. Melanocytes are located in the epidermis.


Bort or boart refers to waste/inferior what, used for industrial purposes?

Gemology School and Gem Laboratory - Asian Institute of Gemological Sciences - AIGS Vocabulary Abraded culet When the small culet facet becomes chipped or scratched by another diamond, or resulting from being carried loose in a diamond paper with other diamonds. Adamantine Diamond like. The appearance of a material's surface in reflected light, as determined by the quantity and quality of light reflected. The luster of most cut and polished diamonds is described as adamantine luster. Alluvial deposits Sometimes environmental forces break down the kimberlite at the surface of the pipe, and diamonds get washed out of the pipe into riverbeds. These riverbeds (or ancient riverbeds) are referred to as alluvial or secondary deposits. Amsterdam In Holland , a traditional diamond cutting center that has declined markedly in recent years, although it was very important at one time. Antwerp In Belgium , the most important diamond cutting center in the world and a major distribution center for polished goods. Bahia A gem producing state in Brazil , diamonds were discovered here as early as 1755. Bahia is also an important source of carbonado. Bezel facets The eight large, four sided facets on the crown of a round, brilliant-cut diamond, the upper points of which join the table and the lower points, the girdle. Black diamond When a diamond is dark gray, a very dark hue, or truly black, it is referred to in the trade as a black diamond. Such a stone may be opaque to nearly semi-transparent. Blemishes Imperfections in a diamond that are confined to the surface of the stone. Blocking The process of placing the first 18 (main) facets on a diamond brilliant (17, if there is no culet) while fashioning a diamond. Boron One of the many impurities in diamond which is now believed to cause the semi-conductor properties and the blue color in Type IIb diamonds. Bort (also Boart) The lowest quality of diamond so badly flawed and imperfectly crystallized that it is suitable only for crushing into abrasive powders for a multitude of industrial purposes. Brilliance Brilliance is the quality and quantity of light returned from reflections within the gemstone to the eye. Brillianteering The placing and polishing of the 40 remaining facets on a brilliant-cut diamond after the main bezel and pavilion facets have been placed and polished by the blocker. Bruting The step in the fashioning process of a diamond in which the stone is given its circular shape. Canary diamond A trade name for an intensely colored yellow diamond. The yellow may be very slightly greenish or slightly orangy, but it must be deep enough to be an asset. Such a diamond is called a fancy. Cape A broad range of diamond color grades for stones that show a distinct yellow tint face-up. Cape spectrum Diamonds with a significant depth of yellow body color of natural origin frequently show a characteristic absorption spectrum when examined with the spectroscope. Since yellow stones are known as capes, the absorption lines are often called Cape lines of Cape spectrum. Carat A unit of weight for diamonds and other gems. Carbon A non metallic chemical element C, occurring native in the crystalline form as diamond, graphite and lonsdalite. Carbonado Black industrial diamond, a massive, impure, slightly cellular aggregate of minute diamond crystals, forming a mass with a granular to compact structure. It is the toughest form of industrial diamond. Carob seeds The origin of the 'carat weight' stems from the seed of carob tree. The dried dark-colored seeds are very uniform in weight and were first used by ancient pearl merchants as units of weight. Central Selling Organization (CSO) De Beers created the Central Selling Organization (CSO) to market their rough diamond production through their office in London , to ensure that the world's diamond markets receive the rough diamond required to meet their needs. Certificate A written report describing a diamond as to its weight, proportions, color grade and clarity grade. CIBJO Acronym for the French equivalent of the International confederation of Je


What was the first element discovered in space (actually at the Sun)?

Who Discovered Helium? - Universe Today   Universe Today by Matt Williams Scientists have understood for some time that the most abundant elements in the Universe are simple gases like hydrogen and helium. These make up the vast majority of its observable mass, dwarfing all the heavier elements combined (and by a wide margin). And between the two, helium is the second lightest and second most abundant element, being present in about 24% of observable Universe’s elemental mass. Whereas we tend to think of Helium as the hilarious gas that does strange things to your voice and allows balloons to float, it is actually a crucial part of our existence. In addition to being a key component of stars, helium is also a major constituent in gas giants. This is due in part to its very high nuclear binding energy, plus the fact that is produced by both nuclear fusion and radioactive decay. And yet, scientists have only been aware of its existence since the late 19th century. Discovery and Naming: The first evidence of helium was obtained on August 18th, 1868 by French astronomer Jules Janssen. While in Guntur, India, Janssen observed a solar eclipse through a prism, whereupon he noticed a bright yellow spectral line (at 587.49 nanometers) emanating from the chromosphere of the Sun. At the time, he believed it to be sodium, since it was proximate to the D1 and D2 Fraunhofer lines . Fraunhofer Lines are dark absorption lines in a spectrum that correspond to different chemical elements. Credit: eventbrite.com On October 20th of that same year, English astronomer Norman Lockyer observed a yellow line in the solar spectrum (which he named the D3 Fraunhofer line) which he concluded was caused by an unknown element in the Sun. Lockyer and English chemist Edward Frankland named the element helios, after the Greek word for the Sun. Characteristics: Helium is the second simplest atom when it comes to its atomic model, following hydrogen. It consists of a nucleus of two protons and neutrons, and two electrons in atomic orbits. The most common form is Helium-4, which is believed to be the product of Big Bang nucleosynthesis. This event, which lasted from 10 seconds to 20 minutes after the Big Bang, was characterized by the production of nuclei other than the lightest isotope of hydrogen (i.e. hydrogen-1. which has a single proton and nucleus). This event is believed to have produced the majority of helium-4, along with small amounts of the hydrogen, helium and lithium isotopes. All other heavier elements were created much later, as a result of stellar nucleosynthesis. Large amounts of new helium are being created all the time through this same process, where the heat and pressure at the core of stars are causing hydrogen atoms to fuse. A depiction of the atomic structure of the helium atom. Credit: Wikipedia Commons The nucleus of the helium-4 atom is identical with an alpha particle, two bound protons and neutrons that are produced in the process of alpha decay (where an element decays, releasing mass and becoming something else). The inertness of helium is due to the stability and low energy of it’s electron cloud state, where all of its electrons fully occupy 1s orbitals in pairs, none possessing angular momentum and each cancels the other’s intrinsic spin. This stability also accounts for the lack of interaction of helium atoms with each other, which leads to one of he lowest melting and boiling points of all the elements. History of Use: For some time, helium was believed to exist only in the Sun. However, in 1882, Italian physicist Luigi Palmieri detected helium on Earth when analyzing lava from Mount Vesuvius after it erupted in that year. And in 1895, while searching for argon, Scottish chemist Sir William Ramsay managed to isolate helium by treating a sample of cleveite with mineral acids. After treating the element with sulfuric acid, he noticed the same D3 absorption line. Ramsey sent samples of the gas to Sir William Crookes and Sir Norman Lockyer, who verified that it was helium. It was independently isolated from cleveite the same


What smartphone operating system increased its market share from 4% in 2009 to 70% in 2013?

Market Share, 2016 Q3 Get More Data The worldwide smartphone market grew 1.1% year over year in 2016Q3, with 363.2 million shipments, according to data from the International Data Corporation   ( IDC ) Worldwide Quarterly Mobile Phone Tracker .   Shipments grew 5.2% QoQ, compared to the 345.5 million units in the second quarter of 2016. IDC expects to see a noticeable slowdown in smartphone shipments in 2016 with China showing a more mature growth pattern. Android dominated the market with 86.8% share in 2016Q3. Samsung continued its global leadership despite the Galaxy Note 7 recall. Embed Copy and paste in your code. Some colums are hidden due to your browser's width. Use the button above the top right corner of the table to customize displayed colums. Dismiss 0.4% Source: IDC, Nov 2016 Android dominated the smartphone market with a share of 86.8%. Samsung, the #1 contributor remained in the top spot, despite the high-profile recall of the Galaxy Note 7. Android share has risen both YoY and QoQ, with strong growth in unit shipments by other players such as Huawei, OPPO, and vivo. This quarter’s launch highlights included Apple’s iPhone 7 and 7 Plus as well as Google’s Pixel and Pixel XL. iOS saw its market share for 2016Q3 grow by 12.7% QoQ with 45.5 million shipments. The iPhone 6S followed by its newest model, the iPhone 7 were the best-selling models this quarter. The iPhone SE and 7 Plus along with its older models accounted for 53.1% of the total Apple shipments this quarter. Windows Phone experienced a QoQ decline of 35.2% with a total of 974.4 thousand units shipped this quarter. With Microsoft’s focus on business users, the decline in the consumer market is expected to continue. Get More Data Mobility Press Releases


Devised in 1920 from Russian research into proximity sensing, what eponymous musical instrument is controlled by the player's proximity to it?

TIMELINE OF WORLD HISTORY TIMELINE OF WORLD HISTORY From    Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia   Drum machine A drum machine is an electronic musical instrument     designed to imitate the sound of drums, cymbals,     other percussion instruments, and often basslines.     Drum machines are most commonly associated with     electronic music genres such as house music, but are     also used in many other genres. They are also used     when session drummers are not available or if the     production cannot afford the cost of a professional     drummer. Also, many modern drum machines can also     produce unique sounds plus it can allow the user to     compose unique drum beats and patterns that might be     difficult to perform with a human drummer. In the     2010s, most modern drum machines are sequencers with     a sample playback (rompler) or synthesizer component     that specializes in the reproduction of drum     timbres.   A Yamaha RY30 Drum Machine History Early drum machines Rhythmicon (1930ï¿½1932) In 1930ï¿½32, the spectacularly innovative and hard to     use Rhythmicon was realized by D-Rail at the request     of Henry Cowell, who wanted an instrument which     could play compositions with multiple rhythmic     patterns, based on the overtone series, were far too     hard to perform on existing keyboard instruments.     The invention could produce sixteen different     rhythms, each associated with a particular pitch,     either individually or in any combination, including     en masse, if desired. Received with considerable     interest when it was publicly introduced in 1932,     the Rhythmicon was soon set aside by Cowell and was     virtually forgotten for decades. The next generation     of rhythm machines played only pre-programmed     rhythms such as mambo, tango, or bossa nova. Rhythmicon (1932) and Joseph Schillinger, a     music educator   Chamberlin     Rhythmate (1957) In 1957 Californian Harry Chamberlin constructed a     tape loop-based drum machine called the Chamberlin     Rhythmate. It had 14 tape loops with a sliding head     that allowed playback of different tracks on each     piece of tape, or a blending between them. It     contained a volume and a pitch/speed control and     also had a separate amplifier with bass, treble, and     volume controls, and an input jack for a guitar,     microphone or other instrument. The tape loops were     of real acoustic jazz drum kits playing different     style beats, with some additions to tracks such as     bongos, clave, castanets, etc. First commercial     product ï¿½ Wurlitzer Side Man (1959) In 1959 Wurlitzer released an electro-mechanical     drum machine called the Side Man, which was the     first-ever commercially produced drum machine. The     Side Man was intended as a percussive accompaniment     for the Wurlitzer organ range. The Side Man offered     a choice of 12 electronically generated, predefined     rhythm patterns with variable tempos. The sound     source was a series of vacuum tubes which created 10     preset electronic drum sounds. The drum sounds were     'sequenced' by a rotating wiper arm with contact     brushes on it that swept around a phenolic panel     with corresponding contacts arranged in a pattern of     concentric circles across its face; these were     spaced in certain patterns to generate parts of a     particular rhythm. Combinations of these different     sets of rhythms and drum sounds created popular     rhythmic patterns of the day, e.g. waltzes, fox     trots etc. These combinations were selected by a     rotary knob on the top of the Side Man box. The     tempo of the patterns was controlled by a slider     that increased the speed of rotation of the wiper     arm. The Side Man had a panel of 10 buttons for     manually triggering drum sounds, and a


A gimlet tool is traditionally shaped like the letter?

general hand tools - synonyms and related words | Macmillan Dictionary adjustable spanner noun British a spanner (=metal tool for making things tighter or looser) with a head that can be moved to work on nuts and bolts of different sizes Allen key noun British a simple L-shaped metal tool used for turning a screw that has a hole with six sides in the top


The prefix 'neo' (neocon, Neolithic, neo-Nazi, neonatal, etc) means?

Neo- - definition of neo- by The Free Dictionary Neo- - definition of neo- by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/neo- Related to neo-: Neo-Confucianism , Neo-colonialism neo- a. New and different: neoimpressionism. b. New and abnormal: neoplasm. 3. New World: Neotropical. [Greek, from neos, new, young; see newo- in the Appendix of Indo-European roots.] neo- or sometimes before a vowel ne- 1. (sometimes capital) new, recent, or a new or modern form or development: neoclassicism; neocolonialism. 2. (Geological Science) (usually capital) the most recent subdivision of a geological period: Neogene. [from Greek neos new] neo- 1. a combining form meaning “new,” “recent,” “revived,” “modified”: Neolithic; neoorthodoxy; neophyte. 2. a combining form used in the names of isomers having a carbon atom attached to four carbon atoms: neoarsphenamine. Also, esp. before a vowel,ne-. [< Greek, comb. form of néos; akin to new ] Translations neocolonialism n → Neokolonialismus m Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: fascism References in periodicals archive ? The kind of rhetoric you would normally reserve for extremists, neo- Nazis and hate groups is starting to become more commonplace on the playgrounds, in the classrooms, in the workplace and among neighbors,'' said Amanda Susskind, the ADL's director for the Pacific Southwest Region. NEO-NAZIS RECRUIT KIDS FOR RISING HARASSMENT Certain statements set forth above may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, but not limited to the Company's: (i) plans to develop and commercialize its product candidates, including the Neo- Kidney Augment and the Neo-Urinary Conduit; and (ii) expectations regarding ongoing and planned preclinical studies and clinical trials.


The word psalm derives from meaning a song sung to what instrument?

Definition of psalm - Merriam-Webster's Student Dictionary sälm Function: noun Etymology: Old English psealm "psalm," from Latin psalmus (same meaning), from Greek psalmos "psalm," literally, "twanging of a harp," from psallein "to pluck, play a stringed musical instrument" 1 : a sacred song or poem 2 capitalized : one of the hymns that make up the Old Testament Book of Psalms Word History The Greek word psallein originally meant "to pull" or "to pluck." It then came to be used with the meaning "to play a stringed musical instrument." From this verb came the noun psalmos, which literally meant "the twanging of a harp." Since harp music often accompanied singing, psalmos took on the meaning of "a song sung to harp music" and later simply "a song or poem." It was borrowed into Latin as psalmus and came into English as psalm.


Hydromel is a very old alcoholic drink made with fermented what?

Hydromel Hydromel Hydromel is a beverage. Some people interpret the name to mean "watered down" honey, but it isn't at all, it just means that it's made with water and honey. And it while it is a type of mead, it drier than other meads. It does not much honey flavour or aftertaste. You start with clear or white honey and 5 times its volume of water. In North American terms, about 1 1/2 cups of honey to 8 cups of water. In metric, per 1 litre of water, 500g of honey. The honey and water are mixed, then brought to a boil, and skimmed, then set aside to cool, yeast is added, then it is let ferment for 5 to 6 weeks. It is then siphoned to leave behind the sediment at the bottom. It can also be flavoured with cinnamon, cardamom, ginger or other spices, lemon zest, etc. It can be distilled further to make a stronger alcohol from, or can be used to make vinegar. People who raise bees often make it with honeycomb, to use up the honey that couldn't be extracted. In English, Hydromel is generally assumed to be 10% alcohol or below, but Hydromels made and sold in Quebec can be as high as 15% alcohol. Hydromel is very popular in France amongst home brewers. Cooking Tips Serve chilled as an aperitif or dessert wine. Can be used in sauces. History Notes The Greeks and Romans made Hydromel. Language Notes The French just have one word for "mead", which is Hydromel, and the French only make, for the most part, 1 style of mead. In English, which has many terms for different kinds of mead, this French mead is seen as a "lighter mead", and so the French name is used. Fermented Hydromel is called "hydromel vineux" in French. A place where Hydromel is made is called a "hydromellerie" in French. See also:


The flammable intoxicating compound Hydroxyethane (C2H6O) is better known as what chemical?

Ethanol Ethanol Ethyl alcohol; grain alcohol; hydroxyethane; drinking alcohol Identifiers 5.64 fC·fm (1.69 D) (gas) Hazards 286.15 K (13 °C or 55.4 °F) Related Compounds (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol, drinking alcohol or grain alcohol, is a flammable, colorless, mildly toxic chemical compound , and is best known as the alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. In common usage, it is often referred to simply as alcohol. Its molecular formula is variously represented as EtOH, CH3CH2OH, C2H5OH or as its empirical formula C 2 H 6 O (which it shares with dimethyl ether ). After the use of fire, fermentation of sugar into ethanol is perhaps the earliest organic reaction known to humanity, and the intoxicating effects of ethanol consumption have been known since ancient times. In modern times ethanol intended for industrial use has also been produced from byproducts of petroleum refining. Because of ethanol's ease of production and because exposure to low amounts does negligible harm, it has widespread use as a solvent for substances intended for human contact or consumption, including scents, flavorings, colorings, and medicines. In chemistry it is both an essential solvent and a feedstock for the synthesis of other products. Because it burns cleanly, ethanol has a long history as a fuel, including as a fuel for internal combustion engines. Contents 10 Further reading History Ethanol has been used by humans since prehistory as the intoxicating ingredient in alcoholic beverages. Dried residues on 9000-year-old pottery found in China imply the use of alcoholic beverages even among Neolithic people. [1] Its isolation as a relatively pure compound was first achieved by Muslim chemists who developed the art of distillation during the Abbasid caliphate, the most notable of whom were Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber), Al-Kindi (Alkindus) and al-Razi (Rhazes). The writings attributed to Jabir ibn Hayyan (721-815) mention the flammable vapors of boiled wine. Al-Kindi (801-873) unambiguously described the distillation of wine. [2] Absolute ethanol was obtained in 1796 by Johann Tobias Lowitz, by filtering distilled ethanol through charcoal . Antoine Lavoisier described ethanol as a compound of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and in 1808, Nicolas-Théodore de Saussure determined ethanol's chemical formula. Fifty years later Archibald Scott Couper published a structural formula for ethanol, which places ethanol among the first of chemical compounds to have its chemical structures determined. [3] Ethanol was first prepared synthetically in 1826, through the independent efforts of Henry Hennel in Great Britain and S.G. Sérullas in France. Michael Faraday prepared ethanol by the acid-catalyzed hydration of ethylene in 1828, in a process similar to that used for industrial ethanol synthesis today. [4] Ethanol served as lamp fuel in the United States as early as 1840, although taxes levied during the Civil War on industrial alcohol rendered the practice uneconomical. [5] The tax was not repealed until 1906, [5] and from 1908 Ford Model T automobiles could be adapted to run on ethanol. [6] With the advent of Prohibition in 1920 though, sellers of ethanol fuel were accused of being allies of moonshiners, [5] and ethanol fuel once again faded from the public eye. The recent rise in oil prices has spurred renewed interest. Political support has also increased recently for more ethanol based products. For example, Hilary Clinton originally opposed ethanol research efforts, stating in 2002 that “there is no sound public policy reason for mandating the use of ethanol.” [7] Now, Senator Clinton, and many other leaders from both the Republican and Democratic party are supporters of ethanol-based fuel solutions. Physical properties   The properties of ethanol stem primarily from the presence of its hydroxyl group and the shortness of its carbon chain. Ethanol's hydroxyl group is able to participate in hydrogen bonding, rendering it more viscous and less volatile than less polar organic compounds of similar m