In which novel by Charles Dickens do the characters Susan Nipper and Captain Cuttle appear?

Learn and talk about Dombey and Son, 1848 novels, English novels, Novels by Charles Dickens, Novels first published in serial form Media type Print ( Serial , Hardback, and Paperback) Dombey and Son is a novel by Charles Dickens , published in monthly parts from 1 October 1846 to 1 April 1848 and in one volume in 1848. Its full title is Dealings with the Firm of Dombey and Son: Wholesale, Retail and for Exportation. Dickens started writing the book in Lausanne , Switzerland, before returning to England, via Paris, to complete it. Illustrations were provided by Hablot Knight Browne ('Phiz'). There is some concern with the railways and the novel's conception, and writing, belong to the years of the railway boom, 1844–47. The sea, meanwhile, becomes the image of things of 'an older fashion yet', 'the dark and unknown ... that rolls round all the world.' [1] Contents Plot summary[ edit ] The story concerns Paul Dombey, the wealthy owner of the shipping company of the book's title, whose dream is to have a son to continue his business. The book begins when his son is born, and Dombey's wife dies shortly after giving birth. Following the advice of Mrs Louisa Chick, his sister, Dombey employs a wet nurse named Mrs Richards (Toodle). Dombey already has a six-year-old daughter Florence but, bitter at her not having been the desired boy, he neglects her continually. One day, Mrs Richards, Florence and her maid, Susan Nipper, secretly pay a visit to Mrs Richard's house in Staggs's Gardens so that Mrs Richards can see her children. During this trip, Florence becomes separated from them and is kidnapped for a short time by Good Mrs Brown, before being returned to the streets. She makes her way to Dombey and Son's offices in the City and there is found and brought home by Walter Gay, an employee of Mr Dombey, who first introduces her to his uncle, the navigation instrument maker Solomon Gills, at his shop the Wooden Midshipman. The child, named Paul after his father, is a weak and sickly child, who does not socialise normally with others; adults call him "old fashioned". He is intensely fond of his sister Florence, who is deliberately neglected by her father as irrelevant and a distraction. He is sent to the seaside at Brighton for his health, where he and Florence lodge with the ancient and acidic Mrs Pipchin. Finding his health beginning to improve there, Mr Dombey keeps him at Brighton and has him educated there at Dr and Mrs Blimber's school, where he and the other boys undergo both an intense and arduous education under the tutelage of Mr Feeder, B.A. and Cornelia Blimber. It is here that Paul is befriended by a fellow pupil, the amiable but weak-minded Mr Toots. Here, Paul's health declines even further in this 'great hothouse' and he finally dies, still only six years old. Dombey pushes his daughter away from him after the death of his son, while she futilely tries to earn his love. In the meantime, young Walter sent off to fill a junior position in the firm's counting house at Barbados through the manipulations of Mr Dombey's confidential manager, Mr James Carker, 'with his white teeth', who sees him as a potential rival, through his association with Florence. His boat is reported lost and he is presumed drowned. Walter's uncle leaves to go in search of Walter, leaving his great friend Captain Edward Cuttle in charge of the Midshipman. Meanwhile, Florence is now left alone with few friends to keep her company. Mr. Carker and Edith Dombey. Captain Cuttle and Florence Dombey, Charles Green Dombey goes to Leamington Spa with a new friend, Major Joseph B. Bagstock. The Major deliberately sets out to befriend Dombey to spite his neighbour in Princess's Place, Miss Tox, who has turned cold towards him owing to her hopes – through her close friendship with Mrs Chick – of marrying Mr Dombey. At the spa, Dombey is introduced via the Major to Mrs Skewton and her widowed daughter, Mrs Edith Granger. Mr Dombey, on the lookout for a new wife since his son's death, considers Edith a suitable match due to her accomplishments and family conne


Who was the notorious lawyer and associate of Thomas Cromwell who played a key role in the Dissolution of the Monasteries?

Tudor Heretics Tudor Heretics References The Roman Catholic Church dominated Europe in the Middle Ages. Like most organised religions, it was intolerant of those who disagreed with its beliefs. By the 11th century it had firmly established the law that heretics (people who maintain beliefs contrary to the established teachings of the Church) should be burned alive. The Cathars in the south of France were considered to be heretics. They protested against what they perceived to be the moral, spiritual and political corruption of the Catholic Church. Fighting in wars, capital punishment and the killing of animals was abhorrent to the Cathars and their belief that men and women were equal also upset Pope Innocent III . In 1208 he gave orders for the Cathars to be either converted or exterminated. The crusader army came under the command of the papal legate Arnaud-Amaury , Abbot of Cîteaux. In the first significant engagement of the war, the town of Béziers was besieged on 22nd July 1209. The Catholic inhabitants of the city were granted the freedom to leave unharmed, but many refused and opted to stay with the Cathars. When the Abbot gave orders for all the inhabitants to be killed, one of the soldiers asked how they would distinguish the Cathars from the Catholics. He replied: "Kill them all. For the Lord knoweth them that are His." It is estimated that over 15,000 people were executed that day. (1) John Wycliffe and the Lollards In the 14th century a new heresy appeared, inspired by the English priest and theologian John Wycliffe . On 26th July 1374, Wycliffe was appointed as one of five new envoys to continue negotiations in Bruges with papal officials over clerical taxes and provisions. The negotiations ended without conclusion, and the representatives of each side retired for further consultation. (2) It has been argued that the failure of these negotiations had a profound impact on his religious beliefs. "He began to attack Rome's control of the English Church and his stance became increasingly anti-Papal resulting in condemnation of his teachings and threats of excommunication." (3) Wycliffe antagonized the orthodox Church by disputing transubstantiation, the doctrine that the bread and wine used in religious services become the actual body and blood of Christ. Wycliffe developed a strong following and those who shared his beliefs became known as Lollards . They got their name from the word "lollen", which signifies to sing with a low voice. The term was applied to heretics because they were said to communicate their views in a low muttering sound. (4) As one of the historians of this period of history, John Foxe , has pointed out: "Wycliffe, seeing Christ's gospel defiled by the errors and inventions of these bishops and monks, decided to do whatever he could to remedy the situation and teach people the truth. He took great pains to publicly declare that his only intention was to relieve the church of its idolatry, especially that concerning the sacrament of communion. This, of course, aroused the anger of the country's monks and friars, whose orders had grown wealthy through the sale of their ceremonies and from being paid for doing their duties. Soon their priests and bishops took up the outcry." (5) In 1382 John Wycliffe was condemned as a heretic and was forced into retirement. (6) Archbishop William Courtenay urged Parliament to pass a Statute of the Realm against preachers such as Wycliffe: "It is openly known that there are many evil persons within the realm, going from county to county, and from town to town, in certain habits, under dissimulation of great holiness, and without the licence ... or other sufficient authority, preaching daily not only in churches and churchyards, but also in markets, fairs, and other open places, where a great congregation of people is, many sermons, containing heresies and notorious errors." (7) The Lollards presented a petition to Parliament in 1394, claiming: "That the English priesthood derived from Rome, and pretending to a power superior to angels, is not that priesthood


In April 2002, which footballer became the youngest England captain since Bobby Moore?

BBC SPORT | WORLD CUP 2002 | Owen named England captain Tuesday, 16 April, 2002, 11:05 GMT 12:05 UK Owen named England captain Agree or disagree with Sven? E-mail us here Michael Owen has admitted his appointment as England captain for the friendly with Paraguay came as a "complete surprise". The Liverpool striker got the nod from coach Sven-Goran Eriksson to deputise for the injured David Beckham in England's last friendly on home soil before the World Cup. Owen will lead out his country at his home ground, Anfield, on Wednesday. I'm not expecting to be captain during the World Cup Michael Owen He said: "When the manager told me it was a complete surprise, but a pleasant one. "I was straight on the phone to my mother and father, it was a very proud moment for my family." Owen becomes the second youngest England captain after Bobby Moore, who led his nation at a slightly younger 22. But he is under no illusions that he may not wear the armband for long. Eriksson stressed that Beckham remains his number one choice and Owen is also aware that the likes of Rio Ferdinand and Sol Campbell - both ruled out of the Paraguay friendly - will have stronger claims. "Everyone knows David is captain," said the Liverpool striker.   Michael Owen 1979: Born 14 Dec in Chester 1995: Breaks England U15 scoring record 1996: Leads Liverpool to FA Youth Cup, signs pro terms on 17th birthday 1997: Scores on first-team debut 1998: Becomes youngest England cap in 20th century, scores stunning goal v Argentina 2001: Scores hat-trick in 5-1 win v Germany, named Euro Footballer of the Year. 2002: Named stand-in England captain "We also have Rio Ferdinand and Sol Campbell in the squad and they're big candidates. "I'm not expecting to be captain during the World Cup. "I would jump at the chance but there are plenty of other names up to the job." Owen admitted he has harboured ambition to captain his country, adding: "I thought it might happen later in my career. "To get it now is sooner than I imagined. "It completes it being at Anfield in front of my home fans. "To be captain there is a great honour." Eriksson is still pinning his hopes on Beckham recovering from a broken foot in time for the finals in Korea and Japan. The England coach said: "Michael Owen will be captain for this game and then we'll see when David Beckham is back. It's up to him to show that he's also a leader and I think he is Sven-Goran Eriksson "Hopefully it will be for one game, because that means that Beckham is back. "If Beckham is not back for the World Cup, which could happen, then I will think about it and see what we're going to do, if it's Michael or someone else in the squad." Eriksson added: "Michael was the best footballer in Europe last year and I think he's a very clean and popular one inside and outside England. "It's up to him to show that he's also a leader and I think he is." Owen's Liverpool team-mate Steven Gerrard said: "He's very happy, he's back at Anfield with the armband. "He's had a bit of a hard time lately but he scored on Saturday and he's been made England captain which will give him a great boost for our last few games."  WATCH/LISTEN


In international tour cycling, which colour of jersey is worn by the 'Best Rider under 25'?

Tour de France 101: What do different color jerseys mean? - CSMonitor.com Tour de France 101: What do different color jerseys mean? Andy Schleck of Luxembourg (l.) and Fabian Cancellara of Switzerland, wearing the overall leader's yellow jersey, ride in the pack during the sixth stage of the Tour de France on Friday. Christophe Ena/AP of What do the different color Tour de France jerseys mean? YELLOW: The maillot jaune, the yellow jersey, is the signature chemise of the Tour de France . It designates the overall leader of the race so far. When cyclists finish the three-week race by cruising through the streets of Paris , the photo of the yellow-shirted winner is seen around the globe. The yellow jersey is awarded after each of the 20 stages, or race days, to the rider who is the overall leader of the race so far. Each day the total amount of time taken to finish that stage is added to the cumulative time of all previous races, and the overall leader is determined. The next day, he wears the yellow throughout the stage. Recommended: Could you pass a US citizenship test? GREEN: The green jersey, or maillot vert, is the sprinter’s jersey. At every stage, points are awarded to the first 10-25 riders that cross the finish line. The amount of sprint points awarded depends on the day’s course (a flat course produces more points than the mountain terrain) and in what place the rider finishes that day. Some stages have mini-sprints within the stage that are worth points. German Erik Zabel holds the record for winning the final green jersey in the Tour six consecutive times, between 1996 and 2001. Photos of the Day Photos of the day 02/08 WHITE WITH RED POLKA DOTS: This is the King of the Mountains jersey. Points are awarded to the first rider to reach the crest of designated hills and mountains. Mountains are graded according to steepness, length, and position on the course, and points correspond to the grade. The best climber awards began in 1933, and the maillot à pois rouges was first worn in 1975. WHITE: This jersey is worn by the fastest overall rider under the age of 25 (on Jan. 1 in the year of the race). The first white jersey was worn in 1975. There are other prizes and competitions within the Tour de France that don’t involve jerseys. For example, the most combative rider of each stage – the one who tries to break clear of the field – will wear a red number on a white background, instead of the usual black on white. And the team prize – based on the team with the fastest three riders – wears a black number on a yellow background. More Tour de France 101 stories:


Which former World Heavyweight boxing champion was nicknamed the 'Cinderella Man'?

Boxing - James J. Braddock - The Cinderella Man Click on Image to     Enlarge  CAMDEN     COURIER-POST - JANUARY 22, 1938 Braddock Gains     Decision Over Farr in Heavyweight Fuss Ex-Champion Finishes Strong To     Wipe Out Foe's Early Lead ...continued     below......click on images to enlarge...  ...continued     below......click on images to enlarge...    ...continued     below......click on images to enlarge...  Click on Images     to Enlarge CAMDEN     COURIER-POST - JANUARY 22, 1938 ...continued     below... Click     on Image to Enlarge A     few weeks before the Tommy Farr fight, Jim Braddock took some time off     to appear on the radio program Gangbusters, where he narrated The     Case of the Jersey Butcher Bandits on January 1, 1938. James     J. Braddock CAMDEN     COURIER-POST - JANUARY 31, 1938 James      Braddock, Prize Ring's 'Cinderella Man,' Announces Retirement from      Fight Game The      Reason He Gave It Up   Here      is the main reason why James J. Braddock, former world's heavyweight      champion, retired from the sport. Shown At left are his children, Rose      Marie, Howard, in rear, and James Jr., with Braddock and wife Mae. ...continued... ...continued... FIGHT RECORD 1926 Apr 14 Al Settle        West Hoboken, NJ         ND 4 Apr 22 George Deschner     Ridgefield Park, NJ        KO 2 May  Phil Weisberger KO 1 May  Jack O'Day                         KO 1 May  Willie Daily       Wilkes-Barre, Pa         KO 1 Jun 18 Leo Dobson        Jersey City, NJ          KO 1 Jul 9 Walter Westman      Jersey City, NJ          TK 3 Aug  Jim Pearson                        KO 2 Aug  Gene Travers                        KO 1 Sep 13 Mike Rock        Jersey City, NJ          KO 1 Sep 16 Ray Kennedy       West New York, NJ         KO 1 Sep 30 Carmine Caggiano     West New York, NJ         KO 1 Nov 12 Lou Barba        New York, NY            W 6 Dec 4 Al Settle        New York, NY            W 6 Dec 8 Joe Hudson        New York, NY            W 6 Dec 20 Doc Conrad        Jersey City, NJ          ND 4 1927 Jan 28 George LaRocco      New York, NY           KO 1 Feb 1 Johnny Alberts      Wilkes-Barre, Pa         KO 4 Feb 15 Jack Nelson       Wilkes-Barre, Pa          W 6 Mar 3 Lou Barba        New York, NY            W 4 Mar 8 Nick Fadil        New York, NY            W 6    -Weights: 166 3/4 - 177 Mar  Tom McKiernan                       KO 2 Apr 19 Frankie Lennon      Wilkes-Barre, Pa         KO 3 May 2 Stanley Simmons     Jersey City, NJ          TK 1    -Weights: 170 - 180 May 11 Jack Stone        West New York, NJ         ND 10 May 20 George LaRocco      New York, NY            D 6 May 27 Paul Cavalier      Arcola Park, NJ          ND 10 Jun 8 Jimmy Francis      West New York, NJ         ND 10    -Weights: 168 - 169 Jul 13 Jimmy Francis      Union City, NJ          ND 10 Jul 21 George LaRocco      New York, NY            W 6    -Weights: 165 1/2 - 179 Aug 10 Vic McLaughlin      West New York, NJ         ND 10 Sep 21 Herman Heller      West New York, NJ         ND 10 Oct 5 Joe Monte        New York, NY            D 10 1928 Jan 6 Paul Swiderski      New York, NY            W 8 May 7 Jack Darnell       Jersey City, NJ          KO 4 May 16 Jimmy Francis      West New York, NJ         ND 10 Jun 7 Joe Monte        New York, NY            L 10 Jun 27 Billy Vidabeck


Give a year in the life of the scientist Galileo Galilei.

Conflict Myths: Galileo Galilei - bethinking.org Advanced Search Conflict Myths: Galileo Galilei Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) was a brilliant mathematician, astronomer and physicist. He was appointed to the chair of Mathematics at the University of Pisa in 1589, and spent the next 20 years conducting excellent astronomical observations and making significant discoveries in pure and applied science. He did groundbreaking work in the mechanics of falling bodies under gravity (although, contrary to that other myth, he never dropped anything off the Tower of Pisa), and made significant improvements to the design of telescopes. In 1610 he published his observations of the moons of Jupiter, and it is at this point that our interest in him really starts. “The laws of nature are written by the hand of God in the language of mathematics.” - Galileo Galilei (Il Saggiatore, 1623) Astronomical understanding in the early 17th century was still rooted in the Aristotelian model, the core of which was that the heavens were composed of concentric circles, with the Earth at the centre. The celestial bodies themselves were perfect circles made of ‘incorruptible aether’ and were eternal – subject neither to generation nor decay. This was the reigning scientific model which the secular universities were adamant to maintain, but Galileo’s observations of sunspots and lunar craters cast doubt on the ‘perfect circles’, and his observation in 1604 of a supernova contradicted the immutability of Aristotle’s heavens. Moreover, his observations of Jupiter’s moons challenged the notion that all celestial bodies orbit the Earth. Galileo endorsed the heliocentric system developed by Nicolaus Copernicus, a Catholic priest who published his De revolutionibus orbium coelestium in 1543. In 1611 Galileo travelled to Rome to present his findings, and was greeted with great acclaim. He demonstrated his observations of Jupiter to Christopher Clavius, a Jesuit at the Collegio Romano and the most respected astronomer in Europe at the time, who confirmed Galileo’s observations and parts of his theses of planetary motion. The secular university professors were not as accommodating to this activity as the Jesuits had been, however. After several years spent as a public advocate for the Copernican theory, Galileo wrote in his famous Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina in 1615 that his theories had “stirred up against me no small number of professors”, and that these academics had agitated strongly for ecclesiastical support in their cause. This letter is also an excellent illustration of some personal aspects of Galileo. He was monumentally arrogant, belligerent and abrasive towards any who opposed him. He wrote concerning the professors: “I should pay no more attention to them than to those who previously contradicted me – at whom I always laugh, being assured of the eventual outcome.” It was in this letter, also, that Galileo himself defined the astronomical debate as being irrevocably rooted in interpretation of the Bible. Under pressure from both sides of the dispute, the Church was drawn into the fray. Cardinal Maffeo Barberini, the future Pope Urban VIII and a friend of Galileo, cautioned him to drop the matter. Cardinal Roberto Bellarmino, the 'Consultor of the Holy Office and Master of Controversial Questions' (don’t you just love that title?), wrote a letter to Galileo in April 1615 outlining the Church’s official position. He pointed out that Copernican theory was perfectly acceptable as a working hypothesis, and if there were proof that the earth circles around the sun, “then we should have to proceed with great circumspection in explaining passages of Scripture which appear to teach the contrary.” In effect, he challenged Galileo to offer some proof for his theory or stop pestering the Church publicly with it, but that if proof were offered he was open to hearing it. (Interestingly, the heliocentric model had been considered by Aristotle and rejected – he wrote that under such a system we should see stellar parallaxes. In other words, the change of po


What is the collective name of the four holy books of the Hindu religion?

The Holy Books Of Hinduism - Boldsky.com »The Holy Books Of Hinduism The Holy Books Of Hinduism Published: Wednesday, April 3, 2013, 22:30 [IST] Subscribe to Boldsky Hinduism is not really a religion. It is more like a way of life. Hinduism is neither monotheistic nor restricted to one religious scripture. That is why there are many holy books in Hinduism. Unlike Christianity or Islam, it is a not a religion that is governed by the book. The Holy books in Hinduism are there only for guidance. The religious scriptures are not followed word to word. However, the holy books in Hinduism are the basis on which we have evolved our culture and way of living. The following are the most sacred holy books in Hinduism. Vedas The Vedas are the oldest religious scriptures available to us. There are four vedas namely Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda and Atharvaveda. Vedic literature was composed by the knowledgeable 'pandits' or Brahmins of that era. Puranas The Puranas are holy books of Hinduism that date back to Gupta Empire in ancient India. However, the Puranas are supposed to be complied by Muni Vyasa. These texts are glorious tales of the Hindu trinity- Brahma, Vishnu and Maheshwar (Shiva). Unpanishads The Upanishads are also called as Vedantas or the end of the Vedas. They are a wide range of philosophical texts that are written as epilogues to the vedas. The 200 or more Upanishads tell us how to attain Nirvana and the ultimate truth hidden in the Universe. Ramayana Technically, the Ramayana is a Hindu epic, not really a scripture. But due to centuries of re-telling, the Ramayana has acquired a demi-religious status. Moreover Lord Rama is an avatar of Vishnu and Ramayana the glorious story Ram's journey in the mortal world. Mahabharata Just like the Ramayana, Mahabharata is also a Hindu epic. But the ancient epics had a lot of divine intervention of Lord Krishna (also an avatar of Vishnu) who plays a key role in this story. The Mahabharata is also the epic battle during which the Bhagwad Gita was inscribed. Bhagwad Gita For many Hindus, whatever is written in the Bhagwad Gita is an eternal truth. It comprises of the advice and teaching that Krishna gave to his friend Arjun just before the battle of Kurukshetra in Mahabharata. The Gita is kept in every Hindu household and has shlokas that tell you how to live your life fruitfully. Devi Mahatmya Hinduism is considered a pagan religion because it worships God in the female form. The Devi in Hinduism is single entity who was created with cumulative power of the Gods. That is why Devi who is known by different names like Durga, Lakshmi, Saraswati and so on is the most powerful divine being. The Devi Mahatmya sings the glories of Devi Durga and her victory over Mahishasura. It is usually sung as verses on Mahalaya, the first day of the Navratri. These are the holy books of Hinduism that govern the tenets of life and religion.


What was the given Christian name of the fashion designer 'Coco' Chanel?

BIOGRAPHY: Coco Chanel Lifetime twitter BIOGRAPHY Designer Coco Chanel was born Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel in 1883, although she would later claim that her real date of birth was 1893, making her ten years younger. Her place of birth was also something that she sought to disguise. Coco was born in the workhouse in the Loire Valley where her unmarried mother worked, although she asserted that she was born in Auvergne. Her mother died when she was six years old, leaving her father with five children, whom he quickly farmed out to various relatives. The young Chanel was sent to the orphanage of the Catholic monastery of Aubazine, where she learned the trade of a seamstress. School vacations were spent with relatives in the provincial capital of Moulins where Gabrielle learnt to sew with more flourish than the nuns at the monastery had been able to teach her. When she turned 18, she left the orphanage, and took up work for a local tailor. Later, when questioned, Chanel would claim that when her mother died, her father sailed for America and she was sent to live with two cold-hearted spinster aunts. She even claimed to have been born in 1893 as opposed to 1883, and that her mother had died when Coco was six instead of 12. All this was done to diminish the stigma that poverty, orphanhood, and illegitimacy bestowed upon unfortunates in 19th-century France. It was during a brief stint as a singer in cafés and concert halls that Gabrielle adopted the name Coco, a nickname given to her by local soldiers who went to watch her. World War I led her to move to the resort town of Deauvile, where Chanel became the mistress of a rich ex-military officer and textile heir called Etienne Balsan in 1908. At the age of 23, she became his mistress and moved into his chateau, where she lived for three years. It was here that she started designing and creating hats as a diversion, which then turned into a commercial venture. She then started a relationship with a wealthy English Industrialist called Arthur Edward 'Boy' Capel who was a friend of Balsan. He installed her into a Parisian apartment and financed her first shops. The relationship lasted nine years, even after Capel married in 1918. Through the patronage and connections that these men provided she was able to open her own millinery shop in Paris in 1910 and she soon had boutiques in both Deauville and Biarritz. In 1919, the single most devastating event of her life occurred when Capel was killed in a car accident. She commissioned a roadside memorial at the site of the accident. Twenty-five years after the event, she told a friend: "His death was a terrible blow to me. In losing Capel, I lost everything. What followed was not a life of happiness I have to say." During the 1920s, Coco Chanel became the first designer to create loose women's jerseys, traditionally used for men's underwear, creating a relaxed style for women ignoring the stiff corseted look of the time. They soon became very popular with clients, a post-war generation of women for whom the corseted restricted clothing seemed old-fashioned and impractical. By the 1920s, Maison Chanel was established at 31, Rue Cambon in Paris (which remains its headquarters to this day) and become a fashion force to be reckoned with. Chanel became a style icon herself with her striking bob haircut and tan placing her at the cutting edge of modern style. In 1922, she launched the fragrance Chanel No. 5, which remains popular to this day. Two years later, Pierre Wertheimer became her business partner (taking on 70% of the fragrance business), and reputedly her lover. The Wertheimers continue to control the perfume company today. In 1925, Chanel launched her signature cardigan jacket, and the following year matched its success with her little black dress. Both items continue to be a staple part of every Chanel collection. During World War II, Chanel was a nurse, although her post-war popularity was greatly diminished by her affair with a Nazi officer during the conflict and she moved to Switzerland to escape the controversy. However, she ended


Upon which author's best-selling novel was the film 'Psycho' based?

20 Movies You Might Not Know Were Based on Books | Mental Floss 20 Movies You Might Not Know Were Based on Books 20th century fox / corgi Like us on Facebook Hollywood often turns to novels and non-fiction books for movie ideas, but sometimes the films are so popular that they overshadow their source material. Here are 20 famous movies you might not know were based on books. [Note: Some spoilers.] 1. Movie: Die Hard // Book: Nothing Lasts Forever Author Roderick Thorp wrote Nothing Lasts Forever after watching The Towering Inferno, which features a skyscraper that catches on fire. Thorp envisioned a group of terrorists with guns chasing his character Joe Leland, a retired NYPD detective, through the skyscraper’s fiery ash. Nothing Lasts Forever was later adapted into Die Hard with the main character’s name changing from Joe Leland to John McClane. Both stories feature NYPD detectives in the middle of a terrorist siege inside of a skyscraper on Christmas Eve in Los Angeles, but a notable difference is that Die Hard features a young version of the main character and a different ending. While Die Hard includes a happy ending, Nothing Lasts Forever ends with Leland’s life in the balance. 2. Movie: The Parent Trap // Book: Lottie and Lisa (Das Doppelte Lottchen) Disney’s original Parent Trap starring Hayley Mills was based on a German novel titled Lottie and Lisa (Das doppelte Lottchen) from author Erich Kästner. The novel was first published in 1949 and was turned into various film and TV adaptations from nine countries, including the United States, Germany, India, Japan, and Iran. 3. Movie: Rambo: First Blood // Book: First Blood Author David Morrell sold the film rights to his novel First Blood in 1972, shortly after it was published. But the property went through an extensive development period; there were various iterations of the screenplay because of its subject matter and themes surrounding the Vietnam War. The main difference between the book and the movie is its ending. The character John Rambo commits suicide at the end of the book, while he turns himself in to the authorities in the film. 4. Movie: Who Framed Roger Rabbit // Book: Who Censored Roger Rabbit? The Walt Disney Company acquired the rights to Gary K. Wolf’s 1981 book Who Censored Roger Rabbit? Frank Marshall, Kathleen Kennedy, and Steven Spielberg developed the project and convinced rival studios to loan Disney their iconic cartoon characters, such as Warner Bros’ Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck. The novel was presented as a hardboiled spoof that took place during modern times and featured the death of Roger Rabbit, a cartoon character on the downswing of his career, while Who Framed Roger Rabbit? was family friendly and lighter in tone. 5. Movie: Full Metal Jacket // Book: The Short-Timers In 1987, Stanley Kubrick adapted Marine Corps veteran Gustav Hasford’s 1979 novel The Short-Timers into Full Metal Jacket. While both feature soldiers going from boot camp to the Vietnam War front, Stanley Kubrick’s film re-arranges the novel’s structure into something more cohesive and tragic in tone. 6. Movie: Mean Girls // Book: Queen Bees and Wannabes: Helping Your Daughter Survive Cliques, Gossip, Boyfriends & Other Realities of Adolescence In 2004, Tina Fey called upon Saturday Night Live creator Lorne Michaels to produce a film version of Rosalind Wiseman’s book Queen Bees and Wannabes, and Michaels got in touch with Paramount Pictures to acquire the film rights. Although Queen Bees and Wannabes is non-fiction, Fey incorporated elements of her own high school experience into the screenplay. 7. Movie: There Will Be Blood // Book: Oil! Paul Thomas Anderson’s Academy Award-winning There Will Be Blood was a loose adaptation of Upton Sinclair’s 1927 novel Oil! While Anderson was a big fan of the original source material, he only adapted the novel’s first 150 pages to There Will Be Blood. He decided to take the story in a different direction, focusing on the self-made oil tycoon Daniel Plainview, played by Daniel Day-Lewis, rather than the character's son. 8. Movie: Mrs.


Leporello is a principal character in which opera?

Don Giovanni Synopsis - An Opera by Mozart Zerlina (soprano) The Story of Don Giovanni, ACT I Late one evening outside of Commendatore's (an old nobleman) palace, Leporello (Don Giovanni's servant) is keeping watch as Don Giovanni tries to seduce Commendatore's daughter, Donna Anna. The masked Don Giovanni fools Donna Anna initially as she thinks he is her betrothed, Don Ottavio. When she realizes that it may not be him, she demands he remove his mask and screams for help. Commendatore rushes to her aid. As the two men fight, Donna Anna disappears to call for Don Ottavio. When they return, they discover Commendatore has been killed. continue reading below our video Best Vacation Reads of 2015 They swear vengeance to the masked intruder. The following morning, Don Giovanni and Leporello are outside of a tavern in a busy town square when Don Giovanni hears a woman singing about her lover abandoning her. Her distress is music to Don Giovanni's ears; he slithers over to her in order to seduce her. Before setting his eyes upon her, he quickly starts flirting. When his eyes catch up to his mouth, he realizes she is Donna Elvira - one of his many past conquests. Donna Elvira has been on the hunt for him. He pushes Leporello in front of her and demands him to divulge the truth of his many lovers before fleeing. Leporello tells her she is just one of many hundreds of girls within Don Giovanni's catalog of women. (Read the lyrics and translation of the "Catalog Aria" .) Donna Elvira storms away, infuriated. A little while later, a wedding party arrives celebrating the marriage of Zerlina and Masetto, both peasants. It isn't long before Don Giovanni takes notice of Zerlina and sets his sights on her. He tries to persuade Masetto to let him host a wedding party for them at his castle, but Masetto quickly realizes his dishonest intentions. Don Giovanni is just trying to get Zerlina alone with him. Masetto gets angry, but Leporello is able to remove him from the scene. Now alone with Zerlina, Don Giovanni starts working his charm and the two begin singing the duet "La ci darem la mano." Donna Elvira cuts in and snatches Zerlina away from him. Donna Anna and Don Ottavio arrive in mourning of her father's death. Still plotting their revenge, they ask Don Giovanni for help. He readily agrees. Donna Elvira cuts in and tells them that he cannot be trusted as he is a womanizer. When Don Giovanni shouts that Donna Elvira is just a mad woman, Donna Anna recognizes his voice as the masked perpetrator. In Don Giovanni's castle, the wedding celebration for Zerlina and Masetto is underway. Don Giovanni, full of confidence, tells Leporello to invite as many girls as he can find. Meanwhile, Zerlina and Masetto are walking to the castle. Still angry, Zerlina tries to reason with him that she has remained faithful. When they hear Don Giovanni approaching, Masetto quickly hides. He wants to see how Zerlina will act around Don Giovanni in order to prove herself. Don Giovanni starts to charm her, but realizes that Masetto is spying on them. Smartly, he calls out Masetto and scolds him for leaving the poor Zerlina alone. He hands her back to Masetto and they proceed inside the castle. Not long after, three masked guests arrive, having been invited by Leporello. The three guests are Donna Anna, Don Ottavio, and Donna Elvira. They pray for their protection and vengeance before entering the ballroom with everyone else. During the activities and extravagances, Leporello distracts Masetto as Don Giovanni takes Zerlina into another room where they can be alone. Zerlina screams, but Don Giovanni is able to drag Leporello into the room. When everyone arrives, Don Giovanni places the blame on Leporello. The three remove their masks and proclaim Don Giovanni's guilt. When Don Ottavio approaches him with a sword, Don Giovanni narrowly manages to escape. The Story of Don Giovanni, ACT II Underneath a balcony at Donna Elvira's house, Don Giovanni has concocted a plan to seduce Elvira's house maid. He switches clothes with Leporello and hides in the bushes. While hidi


Which actor, (the eighth Doctor Who) played the role just once in a 1996 TV movie?

11 Actors Who Have Played The Doctor | Mental Floss 11 Actors Who Have Played The Doctor Image credit:  Like us on Facebook There have been many actors who have portrayed the Doctor in various settings, but eleven have been the official Doctors. We'll look at all of them here. 1. William Hartnell Veteran character actor William Hartnell was born in 1908 to humble beginnings; his mother was unwed, he never knew his father, and his first career move was into petty crime. A boxing instructor got him started on horse racing, but he found his real passion when he got a job as a stagehand at the age of 18. He quickly got into acting, working constantly with only a break to serve in World War II in an armored regiment. He ended up typecast in comic tough-guy roles (you can see one of them in The Mouse That Roared), and when Verity Lambert offered him the part of a mysterious time traveler in an educational show aimed at children, he jumped at the part. He created a character who was highly intelligent but not always as wise as he thought himself, brilliant but forgetful, cantankerous but with a deep compassion under the surface. He enjoyed the role tremendously, but by 1966, his health was deteriorating due to arteriosclerosis and he had to quit. The producers came up with the idea of having his character transform into a new actor, and Hartnell suggested Patrick Troughton, who was approached and accepted the part. Hartnell reprised his role once more for the tenth anniversary special, "The Three Doctors," but his health had deteriorated more than the production crew realized and his part had to be rewritten to accommodate his capabilities; it was his final work as an actor, and he passed away in 1974 at the age of 67. 2. Patrick Troughton Born in 1920, Patrick Troughton went directly into an acting career and was undergoing formal training in New York City when World War II broke out. He returned to England and joined the Navy, where he had a decorated career before returning to the theater, gaining a reputation as a reliable and versatile character actor. In 1953, he became the first person to play Robin Hood on television and found a succession of television, film, and radio roles afterward before Innes Lloyd, the new producer of Doctor Who, approached him in 1966 about succeeding William Hartnell in the title role. He ended up playing the role as what series creator Sydney Newman called a "cosmic hobo," inspired partly by silent film star Charlie Chaplin — brilliant, a bit egotistical, and also a bit of a comedian. He'd sometimes play the recorder, a significant change from the First Doctor, who had no apparent musical talent, and it was during this era that the sonic screwdriver was first seen. After three years, he decided to move on, although he returned three more times to reprise the role, in "The Three Doctors," "The Five Doctors," and "The Two Doctors." He returned to his work as a character actor after his time on Doctor Who, working hard despite doctors' advice due to major heart problems. In 1987, he defied doctor's orders to stay in the country and recuperate and went on one more convention tour. He died on March 27, 1987, in Columbus, Georgia. (I actually saw him once, and got his autograph, earlier in the same U.S. tour. He seemed in good health, but, well, he was a very good actor.) Acting was in his blood; several of his children and grandchildren have gone into acting. The youngest of these is Harry Melling, whom Harry Potter fans know as Dudley Dursley. 3. Jon Pertwee Born in 1919, and thus actually a year older than the man he would replace, Jon Pertwee was born into a family that already had a lot of actors in it. Like the first two Doctors, he joined the military in World War II; although his service wasn't as distinguished as Troughton's, he did acquire an interesting souvenir: he woke up one morning after a drunken shore leave to find a tattoo on his arm, which made a brief appearance in his debut episode of Doctor Who. After the war, he became known as a comic actor on stage, television, and film. Whe


Which city is the capital of the Central American Republic of Belize?

Capital Cities in Central America Capital Cities in Central America By Kirsten Hubbard Updated February 04, 2016. Central America Capitals: There are seven countries in Central America, and therefore seven Central America capital cities. The largest Central America capital is Guatemala City, and the smallest is Belmopan, Belize. A few Central America capitals, like Panama City and San Jose, represent some of the region's top destinations. Others will prove mere stopovers on your way to other attractions. All are vibrant, bustling metropolises (well... except for tiny Belmopan!) worth a second glance, or even an extended stay. Gonzalo Azumendi/The Image Bank/Getty Images 1.  Panama's Capital: Panama City The capital of Panama is Panama City. Home to the Pacific entrance of the famous Panama Canal, Panama City has a population of approximately 813,000, with a total metro population of 1,207,000. Panama City is widely heralded as the most cosmopolitan of the Central America capital cities, primarily because of its historical American influence and the income generated by the Panama Canal . continue reading below our video Beware! The 5 Most Common Travel Scams San Jose, Costa Rica. Kirsten Hubbard The capital of Costa Rica is San Jose. The largest city in Costa Rica , San Jose has a a population of approximately 160,000, while the San Jose metro area is home to 612,000. Unlike many other Central America capital cities, San Jose is a favorite destination in its own right, home to numerous museums, galleries, theaters, and other cultural attractions. It's also a popular place to study Spanish. 3.  Guatemala's Capital: Guatemala City The capital of Guatemala is Guatemala City . Known as "Guate" by the locals, Guatemala City is the largest city in all of Central America and the Caribbean, with a population of 2.9 million in the metro area. This represents a population explosion in the last few decades, with Guatemala City's infrastructure struggling to catch up. The largest airport in Central America, La Aurora International, is located in Guatemala City, and the city's location makes it unavoidable for Guatemala travelers and those venturing throughout Central America . However, crime in Guatemala City is high, and travelers should take extra precaution when in the city. 4.  Nicaragua's Capital: Managua The capital of Nicaragua is Managua. The second-largest city in Central America, Managua has a population of approximately 1,850,000, with 2.1 million in the metro area. The city is located on the southwestern shore of Lake Nicaragua . Managua is very much Nicaragua's economic and cultural heart, and continues to emerge as a tourist destination. San Salvador, El Salvador. The capital of El Salvador is San Salvador. San Salvador (meaning: "holy savior") has a population of approximately 541,000 with 2.2 million in the metro area, making it the third-largest city in Central America. Although San Salvador has experienced a tumultuous history -- including civil war and a series of earthquakes -- it's lively and fascinating in many ways, and can serves as a hub for exploring the rest of El Salvador . More » 6.  Honduras's Capital: Tegucigalpa The capital of Honduras is Tegucigalpa. Often called "Teguz" for short, Tegucigalpa has a a population of approximately 1.2 million people., with 1.3 million in the metro area. Although Tegucigalpa proper includes a number of worthwhile cultural attractions, the country's social discrepancy is utterly apparent in the sprawling shantytowns surrounding the city. 7.  Belize's Capital: Belmopan Contrary to popular belief, the capital of Belize is not Belize City ; it's Belmopan. The Belizean capital was moved to Belmopan after a 1961 hurricane nearly destroyed the former capital city. The population of Belmopan is approximately 20,000 (in contrast, the population of Belize City is over 70,000). For tourists, there isn't much to see in Belmopan -- it's mostly a stopover between Belize City and the coast, and Cayo and the western jungles.


Who managed Scotland in the 1986 World Cup campaign?

ScotlandFootballStats | The Early 1980s The Early 1980s Home > History > The Early 1980s World Cup 1982 Qualifiers After failing to qualify for the finals for Euro '80, and only winning five games in eighteen and losing eleven, pressure was mounting on Jock Stein before he embarked on his first World Cup as full-time manager. This qualification campaign began with a 1-0 win in Sweden, thanks to a solitary Gordon Strachan goal. A goalless draw at home to Portugal followed, before a 1-0 win in Israel where Kenny Dalglish scored the winner. A 1-1 draw with Northern Ireland followed, where John Wark equalised Billy Hamilton's strike. A month later Israel visited Hampden and two John Robertson penalties and a Davie Provan strike gave Scotland a 3-1 win. The following month the 1981 British Championships took place, and it climaxed with a famous 1-0 win at Wembley thanks to a John Robertson penalty. The tournament was not completed though as England and Wales both refused to play in Northern Ireland due to problems with the IRA When the next qualifier came around, a win against Sweden would all but guarantee qualification. Scotland took the lead with a diving header from Joe Jordan, and seven minutes from time Andy Gray was deemed to have been fouled in the box, and John Robertson scored the resulting penalty to win 2-0. After the game Andy Gray admitted that he had dived, that infuriated the Swedes and Jock Stein. Scotland's qualification was guaranteed a month later with a 0-0 draw at Windsor Park. In the final match Scotland were defeated 2-0 in Portugal, but Scotland topped the group, with Northern Ireland in second place, and both the home nations qualified for the World Cup finals. John Robertson scores the winning penalty kick in a famous 1-0 victory at Wembley. World Cup 1982 Finals: Build-up & New Zealand In April 1982, Scotland's participation in the World Cup was thrown into doubt as Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands and the Falklands War began. There were people who didn't think that any of the home nations should be taking part in the World Cup while the country was at war. Graeme Souness and Danny McGrain said that Scotland should withdraw, but many members of the British Armed Forces wanted them to take part, as it would boost morale among the troops. Because of this the Scotland team had no problems taking part. On 15th June, the day that Scotland played their first match against New Zealand, Argentina surrendered, and the war was over. Scotland took the lead after 18 minutes when Gordon Strachan went on a solo run before passing to Kenny Dalglish who slotted it home. Fourteen minutes later the keeper parried an Alan Brazil shot, and John Wark scored the rebound. Wark got his second three minutes later when he headed in a Strachan cross. In the first twenty minutes of the second half, poor defending let New Zealand score twice, before John Robertson scored a free-kick seventeen minutes from time. Steve Archibald completed the scoring with a header from a Strachan corner ten minutes from time, to give Scotland a 5-2 victory. The Scotland team line up before the opening game against New Zealand. World Cup 1982 Finals: Brazil & USSR The following match was against Brazil, who were heavy favourites, it was therefore a shock when Scotland took the lead after eighteen minutes. A long ball from Souness, was headed into the path of David Narey by John Wark. Narey took a touch before unleashing a perfect shot into the top corner of the net. English pundit Jimmy Hill cheekily described Narey's goal as a toe-poke, which caused him to be alienated from the Scotland fans. Fifteen minutes later, Brazil equalised through a fantastic free-kick from Zico, which left Alan Rough stranded on the goal line. Brazil took the lead from an Oscar header at the start of the second half, and that was followed by Eder chipping Rough who was off his line to make it 3-1. Four minutes from time a low shot from Falcao went in off the post to give Brazil a 4-1 victory. Four days later, Scotland went into the match


Which South American goffer won the 2009 US Masters?

Golf in 2009 | Britannica.com Golf in 2009 Originally published in the Britannica Book of the Year. Presented as archival content. Britannica Stories Ringling Bros. Folds Its Tent One of the most dramatic golf stories to capture the public’s imagination in 2009 was the attempt in July by 59-year-old Tom Watson of the U.S. to win a record-equaling sixth British Open championship and thus become the sport’s oldest major winner by 11 years. Nine months after having had hip-replacement surgery, Watson was one putt away from accomplishing this feat on the same Turnberry course in Scotland where he had beaten American Jack Nicklaus in 1977 for the second of his five victories. On that occasion a closing birdie clinched the title for Watson, whereas this time a par four would have sufficed, but Watson’s approach went just over the green; he putted 3 m (about 10 ft) past the hole. He missed his putt from there and fell into a tie with fellow American Stewart Cink at a two-under-par 278. The four-hole play-off proved to be a one-sided affair, though, as Watson appeared to run out of steam and Cink captured his first major by six strokes. On receiving the Claret Jug, the 36-year-old Cink paid tribute to a true legend of the game, whose own words summed up the occasion: “It would have been a hell of a story,” said Watson. “It wasn’t to be. And yes, it’s a great disappointment.” In the British Open, 59-year-old golfer Tom Watson (right), who failed by one stroke to win in … Adrian Dennis—AFP/Getty Images In the Masters Tournament at the Augusta (Ga.) National Golf Club in April, 48-year-old American Kenny Perry almost rewrote the record books as well. Perry was two strokes in front with two holes to play, but he bogeyed both and finished regulation play alongside compatriot Chad Campbell and Argentina’s Angel Cabrera with an aggregate score of 276, 12 under par. Campbell dropped out at the first hole of sudden death, and on the next hole Perry bogeyed again to hand the title to 2007 U.S. Open winner Cabrera, who thus became the first South American golfer to win two majors. Connect with Britannica Facebook Twitter YouTube Instagram Pinterest Former world number one David Duval had dropped to 882nd in the rankings by the start in June of the 2009 U.S. Open at Bethpage Black on New York’s Long Island, but in a year destined to be remembered for surprises and upsets, he finished joint runner-up with two other Americans, Ricky Barnes (himself ranked 519th) and Phil Mickelson, for whom it was a record fifth second place in the event. The player to deny them all was another American, 29-year-old Lucas Glover, whose previous best performance in a major had been 20th place at the 2007 Masters. The unassuming Glover took the title by two strokes with a four-under-par total of 276. After reconstructive surgery following his 2008 U.S. Open victory, world number one Eldrick (“Tiger”) Woods had spent eight months recuperating and struggled in the first three majors of the season, finishing in a tie for sixth place in both the Masters and the U.S. Open and then in the British Open failing to make the cut for the first time since the 2006 U.S. Open. In March he won his third event of the season, however, and after four more victories in his next 10 starts, he finally looked set to add to his major haul in the Professional Golfers’ Association (PGA) championship at Hazeltine National in Chaska, Minn. Woods was two strokes in front after 54 holes, and all of his previous 14 major successes had come when he was in the lead with a round to go. On this occasion, however, he was overtaken by 37-year-old South Korean Yang Yong-Eun, who scored one of the biggest upsets of the sporting year and became the first Asian male golfer to win a major. Only 478th in the world at the start of the season, Yang had already risen to 110th by the time of the PGA championship. A chip-in eagle at the 14th hole and a closing birdie—in which he hit a 190-m (about 620-ft) approach over trees and a greenside bunker to within 4 m (about 13 ft) of the flag—were the defining mo


Who managed England during the 1982 World Cup?

England in the World Cup Final Tournament - Captains Captains     Captains at World Cup Final Tournaments 1950 - 2014 by Tournament 19500 4 matches against Hungary,    Argentina, Bulgaria & Brazil 1966 6 matches against Uruguay,    Mexico, France, Argentina, Portugal & West Germany 1970 4 matches   against Romania, Brazil, Czechoslovakia & West Germany 1982 5 matches against France,    Czechoslovakia, Kuwait, West Germany & Spain 1986 2 matches against Portugal & Morocco Peter Shilton 3 matches against Poland,    Paraguay & Argentina 1990 2 matches against Republic of    Ireland & Netherlands Peter Shilton 2 matches against Egypt & Italy Terry Butcher 3 matches against Belgium,    Cameroon & West Germany 1998 4 matches   against Tunisia, Romania, Colombia & Argentina 2002 5 matches against Sweden,    Argentina, Nigeria, Denmark & Brazil 2006 5 matches against Paraguay,    Trinidad & Tobago, Sweden, Ecuador & Portugal 2010 4 matches against USA,    Algeria, Slovenia & Germany 2014 2 matches against Italy and Uruguay  Frank Lampard one match against Costa Rica 2018 Captains at World Cup Final Tournaments 1950 - 2014 by Name David Beckham 2002: Sweden,    Argentina, Nigeria, Denmark & Brazil 2006: Paraguay, Trinidad & Tobago, Sweden, Ecuador & Portugal Terry Butcher 2010: USA, Algeria, Slovenia & Germany 2014: Italy & Uruguay France, Czechoslovakia,    Kuwait, West Germany & Spain Bobby Moore 1966: Uruguay, Mexico, France, Argentina, Portugal & West Germany 1970: Romania, Brazil, Czechoslovakia & West Germany Bryan Robson 1990: Republic of Ireland & Netherlands Alan Shearer 1950 (3), 1954 (3),    1958 (4) 1950: Chile, USA & Spain 1958: USSR (2), Brazil & Austria   Captains    at World Cup Final Tournaments 1950 -    2014 by   Number Captain 1 Notes Only eleven men have led England  in World Cup final tournament play.  Five of these--Mick Mills, Peter Shilton, Terry  Butcher, Steven Gerrard and Frank Lampard--were standby captains serving in the absence of  the preferred captain. Injuries, the fortuities of time and qualification  failures have prevented some of England's most illustrious captains from  wearing the armband at the World Cup finals or at least limited their  appearances as captain on the great stage. Throughout the six tournaments following  their belated first entry into World Cup competition, England were led by  their first-choice captains--Billy Wright in 1950, 1954 and 1958, Johnny  Haynes in 1962 and Bobby Moore in 1966 and 1970.  But the story since  then has been very different. England failed to qualify for the next two  tournaments, in 1974 and 1978.  Manager Alf Ramsey would have stayed on  and might well have continued his faith in Moore had England qualified for  World Cup 1974, although he had given the armband to Martin Peters on occasion  in Moore's absence.  Either Kevin Keegan or Emlyn Hughes probably would  have led England at World Cup 1978 had qualification been secured.  Neither ever led an England team at the World Cup. Keegan was manager Ron  Greenwood's preferred captain and would have led England at World Cup 1982  in Spain had he been fit, but injury kept him out for all but a late substitute  appearance in England's last match at that tournament.  Defender Mick Mills filled in as captain,  and Keegan's international career ended on a rather sad note.  Because of  England's disastrous qualification record during the 1970's, he had only 26 minutes of playing time in World Cup  finals. Although Bryan Robson  captained England 63 times--second only to Billy Wright and Bobby Moore's  90--he led the side at the World Cup finals in only four matches.  He was manager  Bobby Robson's preference for the captaincy at World Cups 1986 and 1990, but  injury forced his exit at the early stages of both tournaments.  In Mexico in 1986, a long-standing shoulder injury, aggravated in a warm-up match  against Mexico in Los Angeles, forced him from the pitch during the first half  of the second  group match agai


Which English king was married to Philippa of Hainault?

100 Great Black Britons - Queen Phillipa Queen Phillipa England's first black queen, mother of the black prince Philippa was the daughter of William of Hainault, a lord            in part of what is now Belgium. When she was nine the King            of England, Edward II, decided that he would marry his son,            the future Edward III, to her, and sent one of his bishops,            a Bishop Stapeldon, to look at her. He described her thus: "The lady whom we saw has not uncomely hair, betwixt            blue-black and brown. Her head is cleaned shaped; her forehead            high and broad, and standing somewhat forward. Her face            narrows between the eyes, and the lower part of her face            is still more narrow and slender than the forehead. Her            eyes are blackish brown and deep. Her nose is fairly smooth            and even, save that is somewhat broad at the tip and flattened,            yet it is no snub nose. Her nostrils are also broad, her            mouth fairly wide. Her lips somewhat full and especially            the lower lipall her limbs are well set and unmaimed,            and nought is amiss so far as a man may see. Moreover, she            is brown of skin all over, and much like her father, and            in all things she is pleasant enough, as it seems to us." Four years later Prince Edward went to visit his bride-to-be            and her family, and fell in live with her. She was betrothed            to him and in 1327, when she was only 14, she arrived in            England. The next year, when she was 15, they married and            were crowned King and Queen in 1330 when she was heavily            pregnant with her first child and only 17. This first child was called Edward, like his father, but            is better known as the Black Prince. Many say that he was            called this because of the colour of his armour, but there            are records that show that he was called 'black' when he            was very small. The French called him 'Le Noir'. Philippa was a remarkable woman. She was very wise and            was known and loved by the English for her kindliness and            restraint. She would travel with her husband on his campaigns            and take her children as well. When the King was abroad            she ruled in his absence. Queen's College in Oxford University            was founded under her direction by her chaplain, Robert            de Eglesfield in 1341 when she was 28. She brought many            artists and scholars from Hainault who contributed to English            culture. When she died, Edward never really recovered, and she was            much mourned by him and the country. King Edward had a beautiful            sculpture made for her tomb which you can see today at Westminster            Abbey. Sourced from the Black Cultural Archives   Web Links


Led for 3 days by veteran Tom Watson, who finally won the 2009 Open Golf Championship?

A look back at Tom Watson's five Open wins, and his near-miss in 2009 | Golf News | Sky Sports A look back at Tom Watson's five Open wins, and his near-miss in 2009 Last Updated: 20/07/15 6:18pm Tom Watson: The veteran bid farewell to his Open career on Friday Tom Watson graced the Open Championship for 40 years before bidding an emotional farewell at St Andrews. We take a look back at his five victories, and the one that got away ... There had been doubts about the ability of the man from Kansas to win at the highest level, but they proved unfounded. Watson would go on and dominate The Open with five victories in nine years and claimed eight major titles in all. In near darkness at St Andrews on Friday, Watson bid farewell to his fabled Open career. Five-time Open Champion Tom Watson said goodbye to St Andrews, as he walked over Swilcan Bridge one final time ... Here, we look back at Watson's five wins ... and his near-miss in 2009. 1975 Watson landed his first Open title at Carnoustie Golf Links in 1975 Tom Watson sealed his maiden Claret Jug to become only the third player since the war to win the Open on his debut, emulating the achievements of Ben Hogan and Tony Lema. David Huish, the club professional from North Berwick, held at the halfway mark with rounds of 69 and 67, but then crumbled under the pressure as he carded scores of 76 and 80 to tie for 32nd place. With conditions calm and sunny at Carnoustie, Jack Newton broke the day-old course record with a 65 in the third round to lie one behind South Africa’s Bobby Cole, with Watson two shots further back. Watson went out in 35 in the wind on the final day, but then had three three-putts in a row. Johnny Miller led playing the last but took a bogey while Watson stayed calm to hole from 15 feet for a birdie. Cole needed a birdie at the last to tie but could only join Miller and Jack Nicklaus in a share of third place, while Newton parred to tie Watson on 11 under par after missing from 20 feet for the victory. And so it went to a play-off in the rain on Sunday and it proved to be a tight affair, but the 25-year-old Watson held his nerve to win 71-72. They were tied playing the last but the Australian bunkered his approach and missed from 18 feet to match Watson’s par. It was the last 18-hole play-off in The Open, with a four-hole format later adopted, while Carnoustie would have to wait until 1999 to host The Open again. 1977 Watson celebrates his giant putt at the 18th green to win in 1977 This was one of the greatest Championships ever staged and became knows as the 'Duel in the Sun' after a two-horse race between Watson, winner of the Masters earlier that year, and Jack Nicklaus. They were tied on 138 after two rounds and both had 65s on the third day in heatwave conditions at Turnberry, the most scenic of courses on the Ayrshire coast. Nicklaus quickly established a three-stroke lead in the final round but Watson rallied and holed from 60 feet at the 15th to get level. "This is what it’s all about, isn’t it?" Watson said on the next tee. "You bet it is," Nicklaus replied. He stayed calm under pressure to win one of the greatest Championships ever staged A birdie at the par-5 17th put Watson in front for the first time and at the last he hit a 7-iron to two feet. Nicklaus had driven into the rough by a gorse bush but smashed an 8-iron to the edge of the green and dramatically holed from 35 feet. Now Watson’s putt looked a bit longer but he tapped in for victory. His closing 65 was the lowest score ever to win an Open and gave him a new record total of 268 and also set a new best of 130 for the last 36 holes. Both players left the 18th green arm-in-arm, each a two-time Open Champion. Rarely had two players produced such a high quality of golf amid so much drama. "I just couldn’t shake him off," Nicklaus said. Hubert Green, 10 behind Nicklaus, was the only other player to break par. "I won the tournament I played. They were playing in something else," he said. Watson's closing 65 was the lowest score ever to win an Open 1980 Watson led from the front at Muirfield


Which opera contains the famous Anvil Chorus in its second act?

10 Operas You Didn't Know You Already Like - Neatorama Neatorama • 8 If the word "opera" brings an image of a fat lady singing and sends you running away, you're missing out. Many operas are so famous that they've entered into pop culture. In fact, you probably already know more about operas than you think. Here are the 10 Operas You Didn't Know You Already Like*: Note: Belay that hate mail - I know that technically these are arias, but let's not quibble, mmkay? Léo Delibes' Lakmé: The Flower Duet This is one is my personal favorite: Dame Joan Sutherland and Jane Berbié sing the Flower Duet [ YouTube Link ], lyrics Read the rest of the article: Lakmé is an opera composed by French composer Léo Delibes in 1881, based on the autobiographical novel Le Mariage de Loti by Pierre Loti (about Loti's romantic liaison with an exotic Tahitian girl, how's that for a premise of the novel?). The opera is famous for its complex and beautiful melodies. Synopsis: The opera is about an Indian girl named Lakmé, daughter of a fanatical Brahmin priest. One day, a British officer named Gérald accidentally trespasses on the grounds of the temple where he encounters and falls in love with her. At first, she is afraid but later she grows to love Gérald. more » « less In the second act, Lakmé's father Nilakantha, vows revenge and forces Lakmé to sing and thus lure Gérald into identifying himself. Nilakantha stabs him, but she then hides him in the forest and nurses him back to health. In the last act, while she is away, a fellow British officer reminds Gérald of his duty. After Lakmé returns, she notices the change in her lover and realizes that she has lost him. Rather than living with the dishonor, Lakmé kills herself by poison. Where have you heard it before? British Airways ads! Giacomo Puccini's Turandot: Nessun Dorma The "Three Tenors" (Placido Domingo, José Carreras, and Luciano Pavarotti) sing Nessun Dorma [ YouTube Link ], lyrics Giacomo Puccini is one of the heavyweights in opera: his masterpieces includes La Bohème, Tosca, and Madame Butterfly - some of the most popular operas in history - and many others. It's difficult to limit this list to just two selections from Puccini operas ... Synopsis: Turandot is an opera about a beautiful but cold-hearted Chinese Princess of the same name. The law of the land says that anyone who wants to marry Turandot has to answer three riddles - but if he failed, then he would be killed. The hero, Prince Calàf, after meeting his long lost father Timur and a slave girl named Liù, takes the challenge ... more » « less ... and answers correctly: [Turandot] then confronts Calàf with the first riddle: "What is born each night and dies at dawn?" "Hope," Calàf answers, correctly. Unwavering, Turandot asks the second question: "What flickers red and warm like a flame, yet is not fire?" "Blood," says Calàf. Turandot is shaken. No one else has ever gotten even this far with her riddles. She asks the third question: "What is like ice yet burns?" Boldly, Calàf answers, "Turandot!" Right again. (Source) Turandot, however, doesn't want to get married so Calàf tells her a riddle of his own: if she can guess his name by dawn, then he will give up his claim of marriage and sacrifice his own life. This sets the stage for the most famous aria of the opera, Nessun Dorma (None shall sleep!), as commanded by the Princess: on pain of death, no one in Peking (as it was called then) shall sleep until she learns his name. A group of soldiers than drag in Timur and Liù, saying that they have been spotted with Calàf and therefore should know his name. The loyal slave girl Liù speaks that she alone knows his name but refuses to reveal it even under torture. Turandot is taken by her resolve and asks her the secret of her strength. "Love," she replies, right before she seizes a dagger from a soldier's belt and kills herself. Calàf reproaches Turandot for her cruelty, then kisses her and reveals his real name to her. The Princess falls in love with him, and as they approach the Emperor's throne, she reveals his name as "Love." Read m


Which central American city is the capital of the Republic of Honduras?

Honduras - definition of Honduras by The Free Dictionary Honduras - definition of Honduras by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Honduras Hon·du·ras  (hŏn-do͝or′əs, -dyo͝or′-) A country of northern Central America. Originally inhabited by a Mayan civilization, Honduras was colonized by the Spanish in the early 1500s and gained its independence along with Mexico in 1821. Part of a short-lived confederation of Central American states, Honduras became a separate republic in 1838. Tegucigalpa is the capital and the largest city. Hon·du′ran adj. & n. Honduras (hɒnˈdjʊərəs) n 1. (Placename) a republic in Central America: an early centre of Mayan civilization; colonized by the Spanish from 1524 onwards; gained independence in 1821. Official language: Spanish; English is also widely spoken. Religion: Roman Catholic majority. Currency: lempira. Capital: Tegucigalpa. Pop: 8 448 465 (2013 est). Area: 112 088 sq km (43 277 sq miles) 2. (Placename) Gulf of Honduras an inlet of the Caribbean, on the coasts of Honduras, Guatemala, and Belize Hon•du•ras (hɒnˈdʊər əs, -ˈdyʊər-) n. 1. a republic in NE Central America. 5,997,327; 43,277 sq. mi. (112,087 sq. km). Cap.: Tegucigalpa. 2. Gulf of, an arm of the Caribbean Sea, bordered by Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras. Hon•du′ran, adj., n. ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:


The name of which Spanish explorer who discovered the Missisippi river in 1539, was remembered in the make of a 1950s US automobile?

Mississippi facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Mississippi ORIGIN OF STATE NAME: Derived from the Ojibwa Indian words misi sipi, meaning great river. NICKNAME: The Magnolia State. ENTERED UNION: 10 December 1817 (20th). SONG: "Go, Mississippi." MOTTO: Virtute et armis (By valor and arms). COAT OF ARMS: An American eagle clutches an olive branch and a quiver of arrows in its talons. FLAG: Crossed blue bars, on a red field, bordered with white and emblazoned with 13 white stars—the motif of the Confederate battle flag—cover the upper left corner. The field consists of three stripes of equal width, blue, white, and red. OFFICIAL SEAL: The seal consists of the coat of arms surrounded by the words "The Great Seal of the State of Mississippi." BIRD: Mockingbird; wood duck (waterfowl). FISH: Largemouth or black bass. FLOWER: Magnolia. TREE: Magnolia. LEGAL HOLIDAYS: New Year's Day, 1 January; Birthdays of Robert E. Lee and Martin Luther King Jr ., 3rd Monday in January; Washington's Birthday, 3rd Monday in February; Confederate Memorial Day, last Monday in April; Memorial Day and Jefferson Davis 's Birthday, last Monday in May; Independence Day, 4 July; Labor Day, 1st Monday in September; Veterans' Day and Armistice Day, 11 November; Thanksgiving Day, 4th Thursday in November; Christmas Day, 25 December. TIME: 6 AM CST = noon GMT. LOCATION, SIZE, AND EXTENT Located in the eastern south-central United States , Mississippi ranks 32nd in size among the 50 states. The total area of Mississippi is 47,689 sq mi (123,514 sq km), of which land takes up 47,233 sq mi (122,333 sq km) and inland water 456 sq mi (1,181 sq km). Mississippi's maximum e-w extension is 188 mi (303 km); its greatest n-s distance is 352 mi (566 km). Mississippi is bordered on the n by Tennessee ; on the e by Alabama ; on the s by the Gulf of Mexico and Louisiana ; and on the w by Louisiana (with the line partially formed by the Pearl and Mississippi rivers) and Arkansas (with the line formed by the Mississippi River ). Several small islands lie off the coast. The total boundary length of Mississippi is 1,015 mi (1,634 km). The state's geographic center is in Leake County, 9 mi (14 km) wnw of Carthage. TOPOGRAPHY Mississippi lies entirely within two lowland plains. Extending eastward from the Mississippi River, the Mississippi Alluvial Plain, popularly known as the Delta, is very narrow south of Vicksburg but stretches as much as a third of the way across the state farther north. The Gulf Coastal Plain, covering the rest of the state, includes several subregions, of which the Red Clay Hills of north-central Mississippi and the Piney Woods of the south and southeast are the most extensive. Mississippi's generally hilly landscape ascends from sea level at the Gulf of Mexico to reach its maximum elevation, 806 ft (246 m), at Woodall Mountain, in the extreme northeastern corner of the state. The mean elevation of the state is approximately 300 ft (92 m). The state's largest lakes—Grenada, Sardis, Enid, and Arkabutla—are all manmade. Numerous smaller lakes—called oxbow lakes because of their curved shape—extend along the western edge of the state; once part of the Mississippi River, they were formed when the river changed its course. Mississippi's longest inland river, the Pearl, flows about 490 mi (790 km) from the eastern center of the state to the Gulf of Mexico, its lower reaches forming part of the border with Louisiana. The Big Black River, some 330 mi (530 km) long, begins in the northeast and cuts diagonally across the state, joining the Mississippi about 20 mi (32 km) below Vicksburg. Formed by the confluence of the Tallahatchie and Yalobusha rivers at Greenwood, the Yazoo flows 189 mi (304 km) southwest to the Mississippi just above Vicksburg. CLIMATE Mississippi has short winters and long, humid summers. Summer temperatures vary little from one part of the state to another. Biloxi, on the Gulf coast, averages 82°f (28°c) in July, while Oxford, in the north-central part of the state, averages 80°f (27°c). During the winter, however


In Stevenson's Treasure Island, who was the coxswain of the Hispaniola?

TREASURE ISLAND, ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON, THE HISPANIOLA AND LONG JOHN SILVER - SOLAR NAVIGATOR CATAMARAN WORLD ELECTRIC NAVIGATION CHALLENGE - NELSON KRUSCHANDL, BLUEBIRD ELECTRIC LAND SPEED RECORD CARS     Treasure Island is an adventure novel by Scottish author Robert Louis     Stevenson , narrating a tale of "buccaneers and buried gold". First published as a book on May 23, 1883, it was originally serialized in the children's magazine Young Folks between 1881ï¿½82 under the title Treasure Island; or, the mutiny of the Hispaniola with Stevenson adopting the pseudonym Captain George North. Traditionally considered a coming-of-age story, Treasure Island is an adventure tale known for its atmosphere, characters and action, and also as a wry commentary on the ambiguity of morality ï¿½ as seen in Long John Silver ï¿½ unusual for children's literature then and now. It is one of the most frequently dramatized of all novels. The influence of Treasure Island on popular perceptions of pirates is enormous, including treasure maps marked with an "X", schooners, the Black Spot, tropical islands, and one-legged seamen carrying parrots on their shoulders.   Jim Hawkins sitting in the apple-barrel, listening to the     pirates Plot summary    The novel is divided into 6 parts and 34 chapters: Jim Hawkins is the narrator of all except for chapters 16-18 which are narrated by Doctor Livesey. The novel opens in the seaside village of Black Hill Cove in south-west England (according to Stevenson, in his     letters and in the related fictional play Admiral Guinea, near Barnstaple, Devon) in the mid-18th century. The narrator, James "Jim" Hawkins, is the young son of the owners of the Admiral Benbow Inn. An old drunken seaman named Billy Bones becomes a long-term lodger at the inn, only paying for about the first week of his stay. Jim quickly realizes that Bones is in hiding, and that he particularly dreads meeting an unidentified seafaring man with one leg. Some months later, Bones is visited by a mysterious sailor named Black Dog . Their meeting turns violent, Black Dog flees and Bones suffers a stroke. While Jim cares for him, Bones confesses that he was once the mate of the late notorious pirate, Captain Flint, and that his old crewmates want Bones's sea chest. Some time later, another of Bones's crew mates, a blind man named Pew, appears at the inn and forces Jim to lead him to Bones. Pew gives Bones a paper. After Pew leaves, Bones opens the paper to discover it is marked with the Black Spot, a pirate summons, with the warning that he has until ten o'clock to meet their demands. Bones drops dead of apoplexy (in this context, a stroke) on the spot. Jim and his mother open Bones' sea chest to collect the amount due to them for Bones's room and board, but before they can count out the money that they are owed, they hear pirates approaching the inn and are forced to flee and hide, Jim taking with him a mysterious oilskin packet from the chest. The pirates, led by Pew, find the sea chest and the money, but are frustrated that there is no sign of "Flint's fist". Customs men approach and the pirates escape to their vessel (all except for Pew, who is accidentally run down and killed by the agents' horses). p. 34: "...{Pew} made another dash, now utterly bewildered, right under the nearest of the coming horses. The rider tried to save him, but in vain. Down went Pew with a cry that rang high into the night; and the four hoofs trampled and spurned him and passed by. He fell on his side, then gently collapsed upon his face, and moved no more." ï¿½Stevenson, R.L. Jim takes the mysterious oilskin packet to Dr. Livesey, as he is a "gentleman and a magistrate", and he, Squire Trelawney and Jim Hawkins examine it together, finding it contains a logbook detailing the treasure looted during Captain Flint's career, and a detailed map of an island with the location of Flint's treasure marked on it. Squire Trelawney immediately plans to commission a sailing vessel to hunt for the treasure, with the help of Dr. Livesey and Jim. Livesey warns T


The Haworth Art Gallery is located in which Lancashire town?

Haworth Art Gallery (Accrington, England): Top Tips Before You Go - TripAdvisor “A Real gem” Reviewed December 11, 2016 An amazing display of Tiffany glass. The different styles and finishes are just mind blowing. The house and history are interesting and it is very well cared for. The staff are pleasant and helpful. I noticed they had done a trail for children which looked interesting. There are also displays of art and crafts by local artists. The venue would... More  Helpful? Report Yvonne F, Manager at Haworth Art Gallery, responded to this review Thank you very much for your kind remarks that I shall pass onto all our members of staff and volunteers. We change-over our temporary art exhibitions every 6 to 8 weeks, therefore I hope you will come back to visit us again soon. More  Hillary S “Mesmerising Tiffany Glass Exhibition” Reviewed November 4, 2016 This exhibition has the WOW factor! Did you know that the man who created Tiffany Glass is the son of the jeweller who owned the famous Tiffany's Jewellers? We visited the Haworth Art Gallery with the intention of having some lunch followed by a leisurely walk around the art gallery. The building is magnificent and very well maintained. The staff... More  Helpful? Report Yvonne F, Manager at Haworth Art Gallery, responded to this review Thank you very much for your kind remarks that I shall pass onto all our members of staff and volunteers. We change-over our temporary art exhibitions every 6 to 8 weeks, therefore I hope you will come back to visit us again soon. More  lorn23 “Charming art gallery and restaurant with largest Tiffany Glass collection in Europe” Reviewed October 30, 2016 The largest collection of Tiffany glass outside North America has found an unlikely home in this Lancashire town. All thanks to an adventurous son of Accrington, Joseph Briggs (1872 - 1938), who sailed to find fame and fortune in America. After wandering around the Wild West for a while, Briggs, an apprentices calico engraver, eventually landed up working for Tiffany... More  Helpful? Report Yvonne F, Manager at Haworth Art Gallery, responded to this review Thank you so much for your very kind comments on your visit to Haworth Art Gallery. I shall pass your comments onto our staff and to the Gallery Kitchen where you enjoyed your meal. The Haworth Stables Block and Motor House has been undergoing refurbishment and has been transformed into Artist Studios and a small heritage centre. This will be... More  jccolling


Which painter, who reputedly sold only one work in his lifetime, had an art dealer brother called Theo?

The Lore: Van Gogh Sold Only One Painting During His Life The Lore: Van Gogh Sold Only One Painting During His Life The Red Vineyards at Arles, 1888, by Vincent Van Gogh.  Heritage Images/Hulton Fine Art/Getty Images By Lisa Marder Updated May 31, 2016. Although lore has it that the post-Impressionist painter , Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890) , sold only one painting during his lifetime, different theories exist. The one painting commonly thought to have been sold is  The Red Vineyard at Arles (The Vigne Rouge) , now located at the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow.  However, some sources posit that different paintings sold first, and that other paintings and drawings were sold or bartered in addition to The Red Vineyard at Arles. However, it is true that The Red Vineyard at Arles is the only painting sold during van Gogh's lifetime the name of which we actually know, and that was "officially" recorded and acknowledged by the art world, and hence the lore persists. Of course, bearing in mind that van Gogh didn't start painting until he was twenty-seven years old, and died when he was thirty-seven, it would not be unremarkable that he did not sell many. Furthermore, the paintings that were to become famous were the ones produced after he went to Arles, France in 1888, only two years before he died. continue reading below our video Profile of Vincent van Gogh What is remarkable is that just a few decades after his death his art would become well-known worldwide and that he would eventually become one of the most famous artists ever. Red Vineyard at Arles In 1889 Van Gogh was invited to participate in a group show in Brussels called the XX (or the Vingtistes). Van Gogh suggested to his brother, Theo, an art dealer and Van Gogh's agent, that he send six paintings to be exhibited with the group, one of which was The Red Vineyard.   Anna Boch , a Belgian artist and art collector, bought the painting in early 1890 for 400 Belgian francs, perhaps because she liked the painting and wanted to show her support for Van Gogh, whose work was being criticized; perhaps to help him financially; and perhaps to please her brother, Eugène, whom she knew was a friend of Vincent's. (1) Eugène Boch, like his sister Anna, was also a painter and had visited Van Gogh in Arles, France in 1888. They became friends and Van Gogh painted his portrait, which he called The Poet. According to the notes at the Musée d'Orsay where the  portrait of Eugène Boch  is now located, it seems that The Poet hung in van Gogh's room in the Yellow House in Arles for awhile as evidenced by the fact that it is seen in the first version of The Bedroom, which is in the Van Gogh Museum (Amsterdam). Apparently Anna Boch owned two paintings of Van Gogh's and her brother, Eugène, owned several. (2) Anna Boch sold The Red Vineyard in 1906, though, for 10,000 francs, and it was sold again that same year to a Russian textile business man, Sergei Shchukin. It was given to the Pushkin Museum by the State of Russia in 1948. Van Gogh painted The Red Vineyard from memory in early November 1888 while the artist, Paul Gauguin was living with him in Arles. It is a dramatic landscape painting in saturated autumnal reds and yellows punctuated by the blue clothing of workers in a vineyard, with a bright yellow sky and sun reflected in the river adjacent to the vineyard. The viewer's eye is drawn through the landscape by the strong diagonal line that leads to the high horizon and the setting sun in the distance.   In one of his many letters to his brother, Theo, Van Gogh tells him he is "working on a vineyard, all purple and yellow" and goes on to describe it further, "But if only you’d been with us on Sunday! We saw a red vineyard, completely red like red wine. In the distance it became yellow, and then a green sky with a sun, fields violet and sparkling yellow here and there after the rain in which the setting sun was reflected." (3) In a subsequent letter to Theo, Vincent says about this painting, "I’m going to set myself to work often from memory, and the canvases done from memory are


Who was the valet of Prince Romiro in Rossini's opera La Cenerentola, also a well-known pantomime character?

Gioachino Rossini | operakullan 8 september 2009 69 – Guillaume Tell by Gioachino Rossini Guillaume Tell is an opera in four acts by Gioachino Rossini to a French libretto by Etienne de Jouy and Hippolyte Bis, based on Friedrich Schiller’s play Wilhelm Tell. It was first performed at the Théâtre de l’Académie Royale de Musique on August 3, 1829. Based on the legend of William Tell, this opera was Rossini’s last, even though the composer lived for nearly forty more years. Synopsis Place: Switzerland Time: fourteenth century Prior to the start of the opera, Arnold, son of the Swiss leader Melcthal, has rescued Mathilde, an Austrian princess, from drowning. In spite of the political situation, Arnold and Mathilde have fallen in love. Act 1 It is the day of the Shepherd Festival, in May, near Lake Lucerne. Per tradition, Melchtal blesses the couples at the celebration. However, Arnold excludes himself from this privilege, as he is torn between his love for his country and his love for Mathilde. Horn fanfares interrupt the festival, and herald the arrival of Gesler, the Austrian Governor, whom the Swiss detest. Leuthold then enters, pursued by Gesler’s forces. One of Gesler’s soldiers has attempted to assault Leuthold’s daughter, and Leuthold killed the soldier to defend her. He wishes to escape, and the lake is the only route. William Tell offers his assistance. Gesler’s guards arrive, led by Rodolphe. Leuthold manages to escape with the help of Tell, but as reprisal, Gesler’s guards take Melchtal prisoner. Act 2 In a valley by a lake, Arnold and Mathilde meet and again pledge their love. Tell and Walter arrive, and inform Arnold that Gesler has ordered the execution of Melcthal. Arnold vows vengeance. Arnold, Tell and Walter swear an oath to liberate Switzerland. They inspire the cantons to unite in this quest. Act 3 At the market-place in Altdorf, the day is the hundredth anniversary of Austrian rule in Switzerland. In commemoration, Gesler has had his hat placed on top of a pole and the Swiss are ordered to pay homage to the hat. Tell arrives with his son Jemmy. Tell refuses to honour the hat. Gesler recognises Tell as the man who saved Leuthold, and wants to punish him somehow. He orders Tell to shoot an apple from Jemmy’s head, in the hope that Tell will harm his son. Tell is successful in piercing the apple, and tells Gesler that had the shot failed, he would have used his next arrow against him. Gesler orders Tell to be arrested. Act 4 A Swiss rebel army arrives, and battle ensues. Tell kills Gesler with an arrow through the heart. The Swiss emerge victorious. Mathilde and Arnold, secure in their love, reunite at the close. Roles Rodolphe, captain of Gesler’s guard – tenor a hunter – baritone ***************************** The full opera is rarely performed, it’s loooong and the role of Arnold requires a tenor with a great range. I would actually say that the reason why the opera is on this list is mostly because of the very famous ouverture, or rather the last part of the ouverture. This is what I’m talking about . I can almost guarantee that you have heard it. There are some nice arias in the opera as well though, here is Arnold’s aria Asile hereditaire , sung by Marcello Giordano, and Mathilde’s sombre forêt , sung by Hasmik Papian. Barberaren i Sevila, Metropolitan 2007 6 augusti 2009 Den här uppsättningen är en vad jag börjar kalla typisk Met-föreställning. Traditionell, men väldigt välregisserad. Det är inte frågan om att omtolka några delar, utan man följer originalet till punkt och pricka. Man gör det väldigt bra också. Själva operan är ju en av de mest kända komedierna i operavärlden, och här får man anledning till att skratta ett flertal gånger. Scenen har förlängts med spångar förbi orkesterdiket, och det utnyttjar man till fullo för att få sångarna att ta kontakt med publiken, och även dölja en del scenförändringar.   Sångarmässigt är det ypperliga insatser från alla håll. Juan Diego Florez som greve Almaviva gör en underbar tolkning, både musikaliskt och skådespelarmässigt. Han är nog en av mina favorit-te


In the Sikh religion, what name is given to the Holy Book ontaining the teachings of the gurus?

Ten Sikh Gurus - SikhiWiki, free Sikh encyclopedia. Ten Sikh Gurus The Ten Sikh Gurus The Ten Gurus of Sikhism Sikhism was established by ten Gurus , divine spiritual messengers or masters, over the period from 1469 to 1708 - that is, over a period of 239 years. These teachers were enlightened souls whose main purpose in life was the spiritual and moral well-being of the masses. By setting an exceptional example of how to live a holy and worthy life through practising righteous principles of living their human lives, they sort to awaken the higher conciousness in the human race. The Gurus taught the people of India and beyond, to live spiritually fulfilling lives with dignity, freedom and honour. Each of the ten masters added to and reinforced the message taught by the previous, resulting eventually to the creation of the religion that is now called Sikhism . Guru Nanak Dev Ji was the first Guru and Guru Gobind Singh Ji the final Guru in human form. When Guru Gobind Singh Ji left this world, he decreed the holy scripture Sri Guru Granth Sahib as the eternal Guru henceforth. The Guru Granth Sahib , in spirit, is more than a holy book for the Sikhs , for the Sikhs accord the Guru Granth Sahib the same respect and reverence as they did to the human form Gurus. During the span of 239 years, the Sikh Gurus laid down within the sacred scriptures, the principles that outline the way of living that was to be followed by all practicing disciples of this religion. The history and the literature present the followers of the faith and others with the raw material required to learn about the beliefs and practices propagated by the Gurus. The Gurus were clear also to outline rituals, practices and beliefs that were not appropriate and were not to be followed by the faithful disciples. They promoted the habit of reciting the holy hymns called Shabads ; living in constant remembrance of the Supreme Creator and living a simple life of truth, decency and virtuous principles. Legend of the Ten Sikh Gurus Contents 11 References The "Gurus" in Sikhism are regarded as enlighteners and divine messengers. They were the messengers of the Timeless, who brought forth the eternal wisdom. They were universal men who freed our minds from bigotry and superstitions, dogmas and rituals, and emphasized the simplicity of the religion. 1. Guru Nanak Dev Ji - Guru from 1469 to 1539 Guru Nanak The first of the Gurus and the founder of the Sikh religion was Guru Nanak. He was born at Talwandi (now known as Nankana Sahib in Pakistan) on October 20, 1469. Guru ji mastered Punjabi , Sanskrit and Persian at an early age and in childhood revolted against ritualism, caste, prejudices, hypocrisy and idolatry. He regarded Hindus and Muslims as equals and referred to himself as neither Hindu nor Muslim but as a brother to all those who believed in God and truth. He made four great journeys, travelling to all parts of India , and into Arabia and Persia ; visiting Mecca and Baghdad . He spoke before Hindus , Jains , Buddhists , Parsees , and Muslims . He spoke in the temples and mosques, and at various pilgrimage sites. Wherever he went, Guru Nanak spoke out against empty religious rituals , pilgrimages , the caste system , the sacrifice of widows , of depending on books to learn the true religion, and of all the other tenets that were to define his teachings. Never did he ask his listeners to follow him. He asked the Muslims to be true Muslims and the Hindus to be true Hindus. 2. Guru Angad Dev Ji - Guru from 1539 to 1552 Guru Angad He was born in 1504. Guru Angad invented and introduced the Gurmukhi (written form of Punjabi) script and made it known to all Sikhs. The scripture of the Guru Granth Sahib Ji is written in Gurmukhi . This scripture is also the basis of the Punjabi language. It became the script of the masses very soon. Guru Angad was a model of self-less service to his Sikhs and showed them the way to devotional prayers. He took great interest in the education of the children by opening many schools for their instruction and thus greatly increased litera


Who was the author of the best-selling novel on which the film The Exorcist was based?

The Exorcist: William Peter Blatty: 9780061007224: Amazon.com: Books William Peter Blatty Page 1 of 1 Start over Sponsored Products are advertisements for products sold by merchants on Amazon.com. When you click on a Sponsored Product ad, you will be taken to an Amazon detail page where you can learn more about the product and purchase it. To learn more about Amazon Sponsored Products, click here . The Scattered and the Dead (Book 1): Post Apocalyptic Fiction Tim McBain With 99.7% of the Earth's population dead and gone, the few who remain struggle to survive in an empty world. The scattered. The leftovers. Numb - A Dark Thriller Jeff Menapace A trip into a world of depravity and desireâwhere murder is the only way to feel alive. Comet Dust C.D. Verhoff A bone-chilling thriller based on the astonishing revelations of the saints. Guaranteed to make you rethink the apocalypse. Amber Fang: The Hunted (Librarian. Assassin. Vampire. Book 1) Arthur Slade AMBER FANG enjoys life's simple pleasures - a good book, a glass of wine, and, of course, a great meal."Witty, briskly paced and highly original!" Diary of the Damned Michelle Muto Evy Breen has put the past behind her. But then her missing BFF's diary shows up at her door. Hell is empty. All the devils are here... Ad feedback Special Offers and Product Promotions Editorial Reviews Amazon.com Review When originally published in 1971, The Exorcist became not only a bestselling literary phenomenon, but one of the most frightening and controversial novels ever written. (When the author adapted his book to the screen two years later, it then became one of the most terrifying movies ever made.) The deceptively simple story focuses on Regan, the 11-year-old daughter of a movie actress residing in Washington, D.C.; the child apparently is possessed by an ancient demon. It's up to a small group of overwhelmed yet determined humans to somehow rescue Regan from this unspeakable fate. Purposefully raw and profane, this novel still has the extraordinary ability to literally shock us into forgetting that it is "just a story." The Exorcist remains a truly unforgettable reading experience. Blatty published a sequel, Legion , in 1983. --Stanley Wiater Read more Review ""The Exorcist" is as superior to most books of its kind as an Einstein equation is to an accountant's column of figures.""--New York Times Book Review""Wonderfully exciting.""--Newsweek""Read the book! It's an experience you will never forget.""--St. Louis Post-Dispatch" See all Editorial Reviews If you buy a new print edition of this book (or purchased one in the past), you can buy the Kindle edition for only $1.99 (Save 50%). Print edition purchase must be sold by Amazon. Learn more . For thousands of qualifying books, your past, present, and future print-edition purchases now lets you buy the Kindle edition for $2.99 or less. (Textbooks available for $9.99 or less.) Thousands of books are eligible, including current and former best sellers. Look for the Kindle MatchBook icon on print and Kindle book detail pages of qualifying books. You can also see more Kindle MatchBook titles here or look up all of your Kindle MatchBook titles here . Read the Kindle edition on any Kindle device or with a free Kindle Reading App . Print edition must be purchased new and sold by Amazon.com. Gifting of the Kindle edition at the Kindle MatchBook price is not available. Don't have a Kindle? Get your Kindle here , or download a FREE Kindle Reading App . Product Details Mass Market Paperback: 385 pages Publisher: Harper; First edition (February 1994) Language: English Shipping Weight: 6.4 ounces ( View shipping rates and policies ) Average Customer Review: By A Customer on April 9, 1997 Format: Mass Market Paperback First, this is unquestionably the most terrifying book I have ever read. Secondly, many readers seem to enjoy the book but miss the point. I find it amusing that many hard-core Christian types are down on this book (i,e, it glorifies Satan, etc.), as that shows that they clearly do not know anything about it. The entire point of


Who is the patron saint of dancers and comedians?

St. Vitus - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online Saints & Angels Author and Publisher - Catholic Online Facts Take the Saints Trivia Quiz now! Unreliable legend has Vitus, the only son of a senator in Sicily, become a Christian when he was twelve. When his conversions and miracles became widely known to the administrator of Sicily, Valerian, he had Vitus brought before him, to shake his faith. He was unsuccessful, but Vitus with his tutor, Modestus, and servant, Crescentia, fled to Lucania and then to Rome, where he freed Emperor Diocletian's son of an evil spirit. When Vitus would not sacrifice to the gods, his cure was attributed to sorcery. He, Modestus, and Crescentia were subjected to various tortures from which they emerged unscathed, and were freed when during a storm, temples were destroyed and an angel guided them back to Lucania, where they eventually died. So much for the legend. What is fact is that their cult goes back centuries and that they were Christians who were martyred in Lucania. A great devotion to Vitus developed in Germany when his relics were translated to Saxony in 836. He is one of the Fourteen Holy Helpers and is the patron of epileptics, those afflicted with St. Vitus' Dance (named after him}, dancers, and actors, and is a protector against storms. Feast day - June 15th.