Founded as Thames Ironworks FC in 1895, which football club (later renamed) will occupy the London Olympic Stadium from 2016 (a clue is in club nickname and badge)?

London's Long Lost Sports Grounds - Derelict London London's Long Lost Sports Grounds Cookies Info   Sponsored Links: London's Long Lost Sports Grounds (and some long lost London teams  such as West Ham Hammers Speedway, Thames AFC, Croydon Common FC,  Deptford Invicta FC,  Catford Southend FC & more) Rather than lumping all these pictures in with the Derelict London Sports Grounds here is a whole new section (of grounds that are beyond dereliction and mostly redeveloped) which I will expand over the coming months. There are many pics floating around on the net of  these grounds in their heyday but it often crops up in conversation what do the grounds look like now. I have included some brief history but those wanting to dig deeper can find copious amounts of further information on web forums/sites and books on the subject matter (for example, books by Simon Inglis, Ed Glinert & Norman Jacobs). I am starting off with some football grounds but expect cricket grounds, dog tracks, speedway stadiums and so on as I keep adding to this. In 2013 I shall be giving a guided walking tour of the Isle of Dogs and  will be covering the old Millwall grounds & Docklands Arena along with the old docks and canal, the mudchute, WW2 defences & the old ropeworks.  Join the mailing list to be kept updated. CHARLTON ATHLETIC FC The origins: First off  on this page we start with Charlton Athletic, a SE London team who still play close to where they  originally started. The club who currently play in the Football League Championship was founded in 1905 when some youth clubs in the SE London area combined to form Charlton Athletic. Many of the youths lived in what was then residential housing in East St, Charlton which is the modern day Eastmoor Street a run down light industrial estate and entrance road to the Thames Barrier. A committee was set up and the first HQ was in the now demolished public house called The Crown.  Amongst the committee members was a Joe Merryweather (believed to be from the family business in  Greenwich who made fire engines and tram engines). A local fishmonger Arthur Bryan was also involved with the committee.Arthur supplied haddock to the players for after-match suppers. This is confirmed  by cartoons from the local papers of the day, and is the origin of the club nickname 'The Addicks'. Joe Merryweather, kept the name going by parading around the pitch holding up a board with a picture of a haddock on it. The site of the 1st Ground (Siemens Meadow (1905–1907) The club's first ground was Siemens Meadow , a patch of rough ground by the River Thames  near to the present-day site of the Thames Barrier.  This was over-shadowed by the now demolished  Siemens Telegraph Works. 22 December  1905 is the first time a Charlton match is mentioned - a  friendly between Charlton and Silvertown Wesley ended with a 6-0 Charlton win according to a report by the Kentish Independent. The Barrier Animal Care Clinic was originally built as a public house in 1880 and called The Lads of  The Village but was later renamed to 'Thames Barrier Arms', when the nearby flood barrier was built in 1982. It closed as a pub in 1997. A decaying sign on the corner edge says "Roebuck Arms" but Derelict  London reader Bev Smith explains that the the sign is just an abandoned prop after the building was used in filming for an episode of the TV series "Londons Burning". This pub was adjacent to Siemens Meadow and is one of the only original buildings in the vicinity of the old ground. In   the late 1970s Charlton fan &  journalist Gary Bushell played at this pub with his legendary oi!/punk band The Gonads. Siemens Meadow - Below is a "then and now" shot of sorts. The 1905 pic was one that I found on Wikipedia and for the 2012 shot it was impossible to get a clear shot from the hill on Maryon Park due to thicker  vegetation than there was in 1905 so I had to move down the hill and this is the best that I could get... but you get the idea.   The Site of the 2nd Ground: Woolwich Common (1907–1908) Charlton played on the grass on the common for a year. There w


Which famous smoker is associated with the expression 'three pipe problem'?

Sherlock Holmes pipe, Three pipes problem, Sherlock smoking THE PIPES OF SHERLOCK HOLMES Author: SherlockExtra - Translator: Revati Grandfather stuffed some tobacco into his pipe, then sit to the rocking chair or armchair and began to smoke with delighted smile on his face. All family members felt that on these occasions the old man became calmer and more sympathetic. Children and grandchildren tried to talk about their requests during this ritual. Nowadays this habit is less popular, but whoever sees a pipe-smoking silhouette refers it to Sherlock Holmes. People of bygone times did not know about the harmful effects of smoking. On the contrary, they thought it is healthy, because the smoke reduces the propagation of pneumatic infections. (Perhaps this false opinion developed because in some cases – in foods like smoked ham, for example – smoking disinfects and conserves.) Smoking was a habit and a way of protecting health. Many famous people became addicted to smoking, because they experienced its mind refreshing effect. Dr. Joseph Bell, after whom the legendary sleuth was modelled, once mesmerized his audience at the university with a deduction focused on a pipe. He called in a patient who waited outside and whom he haven't seen before. The woman entered but said not a single word and the doctor asked her where did she leave her cutty pipe. She took it out from her purse. And what were the clues that put Bell on the right track? They were trifles, of course. Nothing but a small ulcer on the woman's lower lip and a glossy scar on her cheek. These told the professor that she smokes a short-stem pipe that lies close to her cheek. Elementary, isn't it? Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Hemingway, Milne, J. R. R. Tolkien and Mark Twain were all smokers. Edwin Hubble and Albert Einstein too – the latter even wrote a poem about smoking. The genius Albert Einstein with pipe Holmes maybe indulged on smoking during his university years, becuse of its mind refreshing effect. We know from his kind chronicler, dr. Watson, that when he was nervous, Holmes paced up and down and smoked. The cigarettes of the great detective originated from a tobacco shop in London. On special occasions Sherlock smoke cigars, and sometimes he snuffed (He got his snuff-box from a honourable client). Certainly Watson liked to smoke (usually he smoked Arcadia mixture, which has fluffy white ash according to Holmes, or a brand named Ship’s), and sometimes he joined Holmes for a cigar, but we cannot say he was a heavy smoker. However his friend was a real addict, who used his knowledge of ashes, cigarette and cigar ends while solving mysteries. In The Sign of Four he tells the doctor: "Yes, I have been guilty of several monographs. They are all upon technical subjects. Here, for example, is one 'Upon the Distinction between the Ashes of the Various Tobaccos.' In it I enumerate a hundred and forty forms of cigar, cigarette, and pipe tobacco, with coloured plates illustrating the difference in the ash. It is a point which is continually turning up in criminal trials, and which is sometimes of supreme importance as a clue. If you can say definitely, for example, that some murder had been done by a man who was smoking an Indian lunkah, it obviously narrows your field of search. To the trained eye there is as much difference between the black ash of a Trichinopoly and the white fluff of bird's-eye as there is between a cabbage and a potato." Conan Doyle’s detective was not an opium addict Some movie adaptations show the belief that Holmes often smoke opium. Actually the British sleuth only turned to it because it was necessary for his investigation to visit an opium den. Watson mentions in The Adventure of the Man with the Twisted Lip that an opium pipe dangled down between his knees, but we do not know whether he had to use it to fit in (as Jeremy Brett mentions it in the Granada series) or his „performance” was enough. Perhaps we can assume that he did not use the pipe, because he was amused after coming out of the den: „ I suppose, Watson, said he, that you imagine tha


In 1998 who was the first 'First Lady' to appear on the cover of Vogue?

Michelle Obama graces cover of Vogue... in clothes she chose for the shoot herself | Daily Mail Online Michelle Obama graces cover of Vogue... in clothes she chose for the shoot herself comments In her new role as the White House's 'Mom-in-Chief', she runs the First Family while her husband runs the country. But as you can see, Michelle Obama still has time for the occasional copy of Vogue. As the cover girl, of course. Every first lady since Lou Hoover - save Bess Truman - has been featured in the high-fashion magazine, but Mrs Obama is only the second to grace the cover. The First Lady invoked the image of former First Lady Jackie Kennedy in the Vogue cover. Mrs Obama's image is often likened to an imitation of Mrs Kennedy's The only other First Lady to do so was Hillary Clinton. Michelle's brand of pared-down elegance has been admired since Barack Obama first emerged as a contender for the Presidency. Mrs Obama appears wearing a magenta silk sheath dress by Jason Wu that she herself chose for the shoot. Wu also designed her inaugural gown.  The coverline declares: ' The First Lady the world's been waiting for.' Mrs Obama was captured by legendary photographer Annie Leibovitz at the Hay-Adams Hotel in Washington during the inauguration. Much of the eight-page feature inside is devoted to Mrs. Obama's self-described role as 'mom in chief' to 10-year-old Malia and seven-year-old Sasha. 'I'm going to try to take them to school every morning, as much as I can,' she said. Mom in chief: A delighted Mrs Obama hugs children after reading them a book at Mary's Centre in Washington yesterday Mrs Obama receives more hugs from the children at Mary's Centre yesterday. She has sworn that her daughters Sasha and Malia will remain her priority 'But there's also a measure of independence. And obviously there will be times I won't be able to drop them off at all. I like to be a presence in my kids' school. I want to know the teachers; I want to know the other parents.' Being Vogue, though, the conversation eventually turns to clothes. Mrs. Obama said she is aware of how her wardrobe is being scrutinised, but she makes no apologies for her choices - even the Election Night combination of ripped-from-the-runway, fashion-forward dress and plain-Jane cardigan. Wu also designed the gown Mrs Obama wore on the night her husband was inaugurated as president Mrs Obama chose other designers she has worked with before for the Vogue photo shoot - including Narcisco Rodriguez, who designed her dress for Election Night, above 'I'm not going to pretend that I don't care about it,' she said. 'But I also have to be very practical. In the end, someone will always not like what you wear - people just have different tastes.' Hillary Clinton was the first First Lady to appear on the cover of Vogue for the December, 1998 issue She did choose outfits for the Vogue photos by labels she has worn before. They included Wu, who made her inaugural gown; Narcisco Rodriguez, the designer of that Election Night dress; and J. Crew, which she and her children have famously worn. Most cover models have their clothes chosen for them by Vogue, or at least editors work as advisers. Not this time. 'She doesn't need any help. She loves fashion and knows what works for her,' Vogue's editor at large Andre Leon Talley said. 'She's never had a conversation with me about, 'What do you think?' or 'How did this look?' And I'm glad for that.' Talley called his interview with Mrs Obama ahead of President Barack Obama's swearing-in ceremony 'one of the best experiences of my life.' 'She's so accessible, natural and normal. There's nothing affected about her,' he said. 'It's the warmest cover you've seen in a long time on Vogue,' he said. 'Models pose, actresses pose. This is a real woman.'


The unrecognized state of Biafra existed from 1967-1970 in the south-east of which country?

Biafra - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Biafra Land of the Rising Sun (national anthem) Map of Biafra inside Nigeria Capital Enugu Language(s) English (official), Igbo (also Ibo), Efik / Annang / Ibibio , Ekoi , Ijaw Government Republic President Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu Historical era Cold War  - Established 30 May , 1967  -  Nigerian-Biafran War 15 January , 1970 Area  - 1967 76,145.65 km² (29,400 sq mi) Population  - 1967 est. 13,500,000       Density 177.3 /km²  (459.2 /sq mi) Currency Biafran pound For the American musician, see Jello Biafra . For the West African bight, see Bight of Biafra . The Republic of Biafra was a secessionist state in south-eastern Nigeria . Biafra was inhabited mostly by the Igbo people (or Ibo [1] ) and existed from 30 May 1967 to 15 January 1970. The secession was led by the Igbo due to economic, ethnic, cultural and religious tensions among the various peoples of Nigeria. The creation of the new country, named after the Bight of Biafra (the Atlantic bay to its south), [2] was among the complex causes for the Nigerian Civil War , also known as the Nigerian-Biafran War. Biafra was recognized by Gabon , Haiti , Côte d'Ivoire , Tanzania and Zambia . Other nations did not give official recognition, but provided assistance to Biafra. Israel , France , Portugal , Rhodesia , South Africa and the Vatican City provided support. [3] Biafra also received aid from non-state actors; Joint Church Aid , Holy Ghost Fathers of Ireland, Caritas International , MarkPress and U.S. Catholic Relief Services all gave support. [3] Contents Main article: Nigerian Civil War During 1960, Nigeria became independent of the United Kingdom . [4] Similar to the other new African states, the borders of the country were not drawn according to earlier territories. Hence, the northern desert region of the country contained semi-autonomous feudal Muslim states, while the southern population was predominantly Christian and animist . Furthermore, Nigeria's oil, its primary source of income, was located in the south of the country. [4] Following independence, Nigeria was divided primarily along ethnic lines with Hausa and Fulani in the north, Yoruba in the south-west, and Igbo in the south-east. [4] In January 1966, a group of primarily eastern Igbo led a military coup during which 30 political leaders including Nigeria's Prime Minister, Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa and the Northern premier, Sir Ahmadu Bello were killed. [5] [6] [7] In July 1966 northern officers and army units staged a counter-coup. Muslim officers named a Christian from a small ethnic group (the Anga) in central Nigeria, Lieutenant Colonel Yakubu "Jack" Gowon , as the head of the Federal Military Government (FMG). The two coups deepened Nigeria's ethnic tensions. In September, 1966, approximately 30,000 Igbo were killed in the north, and some Northerners were killed in backlashes in eastern cities. [8] Now, therefore, I, Lieutenant-Colonel Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, Military Governor of Eastern Nigeria, by virtue of the authority, and pursuant to the principles, recited above, do hereby solemnly proclaim that the territory and region known as and called Eastern Nigeria together with her continental shelf and territorial waters shall henceforth be an independent sovereign state of the name and title of "The Republic of Biafra". — Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu [9] In January 1967, the military leaders and senior police officials of each region met in Aburi, Ghana and agreed on a loose confederation of regions. The Northerners were at odds with the Aburi Accord; Obafemi Awolowo , the leader of the Western Region warned that if the Eastern Region seceded, the Western Region would also, which persuaded the northerners. [8] The eastern government rejected the plan for reconciliation; on 26 May it voted to secede from Nigeria. On 30 May, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu , the Eastern Region's military governor, announced the Republic of Biafra, citing the Easterners killed in the post-coup violence. [8] [4] The large amount of oil in the region created conflict, as oi


The Christian Eucharist ceremonial act is based on what event from religious scripture?

The Eucharist | The Christian Community The Christian Community The Eucharist by Rudolf Frieling First published as The Metamorphosis of the Eucharist by The Christian Community in New York in about 1954. This edition, revised by James H. Hindes, published by Floris Books in 1995. All rights reserved. NOTE: This is the complete pamphlet. Contents 5. Pre-Christian mysteries and the Eastern Church 6. The western Mass and action 7. The Reformation 8. The Act of Consecration of Man 9. Gospel and Offertory 11. The Communion 1. Introduction On the eve of the event of Golgotha, on Maundy Thursday, Christ Jesus celebrated the Last Supper together with his disciples. He gave bread and wine and with them his ‘body’ and ‘blood,’ and charged them when repeating this to do it in remembrance of him. Out of this Last Supper has been developed the Eucharist, the ritual of the Mass. It is now celebrated by The Christian Community, Movement for Religious Renewal, in its new form, still containing the four main parts: reading of the Gospel, Offering, Transubstantiation and Communion. The question sometimes arises: does this elaborated ritual really have any foundations in original Christianity? Is it based on the New Testament? The Protestant Church tried to keep close to the letter of the New Testament, and rejected everything which in the further course of Christendom seemed to have been added to the text of New Testament scripture. There is no doubt that the New Testament is the basic, classical book of Christianity. Through the modern science of Anthroposophy, which is a science of spiritual knowledge, a new possibility is given to acknowledge the ‘inspired’ character of the New Testament writings. It is one of the tasks of The Christian Community to cultivate a new concrete understanding of the scriptures as documents of real inspiration. But we must not forget that for the first generations of Christendom the New Testament did not yet exist. The Epistles of St Paul were apparently written beginning about AD 50, the first three Gospels not before AD 60-70 and St John’s Gospel not until AD 100. It was not before the end of the second century that these writings were combined into a New Testament. The canon of the New Testament was not definitely fixed until AD 393 by the Church synod at Hippo Regius in North Africa. In this process of bringing together these twenty-seven writings, which constitute the wonderful spiritual organism of the New Testament, we venerate an act of divine guidance and providence, an act of inspiration. Nevertheless the first Christian generations had to do without these writings. Instead of this they had the apostolic nearness of the Christ event, and they had the Eucharist. The Christian Church lived for a certain time without a New Testament, but it never lived without the Eucharist from the very beginning. The Eucharist is first mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles, after the experience of the Holy Spirit at Whitsun: ‘… they broke bread in the houses with spiritual rejoicing’ (Acts 2:46). This is the first Eucharist after Holy Thursday and a first metamorphosis can be seen. The Last Supper was celebrated in a mood of leave-taking which was overshadowed by the events to come. After Whitsun a jubilant mood was experienced. The Greek word, agalliasis, means more than ‘joy’; it is a kind of spiritual enthusiasm and exaltation. The Last Supper had been a farewell meeting. After Pentecost it was like a first dawn of his second spiritual coming. From the beginning the Eucharist was never a mere repetition of the Last Supper. The latter is like a seed which now begins growing. One cannot argue against the growing plant that it is different from the seed. There is identity, but there is also metamorphosis. The Last Supper, on the eve of Good Friday, is a kind of anticipation, a prophetic summary of the event of Golgotha. It reveals what Christ and his deed mean to man: that Christianity is not only ‘doctrine’ and ‘ethics,’ that Christ is not only a teacher and an example, but that he descended to earth as a divine b


A fire ant colony can join together as a self-transporting?

Stop Fire Ants With Lawn Doctor Stop Fire Ants With Lawn Doctor Stop Fire Ants With Lawn Doctor Posted on December 24, 2013 The name Solenopsis invicta sounds poetic, but it’s really the Latin name for the red imported fire ant, commonly known as fire ants. The pest, a native of South America, was accidentally introduced to the United States in the 1930s via a cargo ship arriving at Mobile, Alabama which had a slew of fire ant stowaways. Fire ants can hurt and even kill animals and people Since then, fire ants have spread throughout the southeastern United States, becoming a pest throughout the area. Unlike most ants, which are harmless to animals and humans, fire ants are very aggressive, and have a stinging bite that can cause an allergic reaction – with welts and pustules. The bug’s bite can do more than be painful – it can cause serious injury or even death! Some people who are allergic to fire ants have to carry around an epinephrine auto injector to be used in case they get bitten and go into shock. Fire ants are a serious problem – they are extremely resilient, hard to eradicate, and have the ability to reproduce quickly. One fire ant colony can contain as many as 250,000 ants!  They also have ways to avoid being killed. If fire ants ever face the danger of drowning, the bugs will join together and form a fire ant “raft” to stay afloat, hanging onto each other to stay alive. The insects also can do severe damage to lawns. Not only are their colonies unsightly, and dangerous -– if you accidentally step near it, you could be bitten dozens or even hundreds of times – the fire ants can cause plant, shrub and lawn damage. So you want to get rid of them as soon as possible. What to do to stop fire ants When trying to stop fire ants before they cause serious lawn damage, you do not have to necessarily contact a pest control company. Lawn Doctor is also experienced in treating the pests and eradicating them from your yard. Just one treatment may do the trick to give the fire ants their walking papers, and give you peace of mind when it comes to enjoying your lawn.


Wampum refers to decorative/monetary shell-beads in which culture?

History 170 - Indigenous Peoples of North America - Prof. Alice Nash - Umass Amherst Wampum and the Iroquois: A Short Overview By A. Brian Deer Wampum played a great role in our culture ... It is still important that we should have wampum to communicate matters ... - Jake Thomas, Cayuga, 1986 1 For the Iroquois, the origins of wampum can be traced to the founding of the Iroquois Confederacy centuries ago. 2 In the traditional oral narrative concerning the Peacemaker and the Great Law (according to one version) Hiawatha retrieves freshwater shells from the shores of Lake Ontario and ties them together in strings to be used for condoling someone. Hiawatha himself is grief-stricken by the loss his daughters during his attempts to assist the Peacemaker to promote the Confederacy and spread the message of peace. Hiawatha loses himself in the forest and wanders about from village to village. Each evening, at the woods' edge, he kindles a fire saying: This would I do if I found anyone burdened with grief even as I am. I would take these shell strings in my hand and console them. The strings would become words and lift away the darkness with which they are covered. Holding these in my hand, my words would be true. 3 Finally the Peacemaker approaches him and takes up the strings one by one, speaking the words of condolence to him. Thus are the origins of the Condolence Ceremony, and of wampum itself as we know it today, in Iroquois culture. Wampum refers to oblong cylindrical beads individually pierced lengthwise and linked together into one or more strings for ceremonial purposes, or woven together into wide "belts" for communicative and diplomatic purposes. 4 Ironically wampum itself is not indigenous to Iroquois country. The shells that Hiawatha gathered from the lake shore were not necessarily wampum as it was later to be known. Wampum is made from sea shells, primarily whelk for the white-ivory colour and quahog for the purple-dark blue colour. The shells are found on coastal waters along the shores of Long Island Sound and southwestern New England in the country of Algonquian peoples. The word "wampum" originates from an Algonquian word, wampumpeag meaning "white string of shell beads." 5 The Iroquois traded for wampum especially after it became more readily available in quantity from Algonquian bead-manufacturing production by the early seventeenth century, and later from Euro-North American entrepreneurs as well. For a period of 30 years ending in 1664, wampum beads were actually used by the Dutch and English as a form of currency. 6 However, for the Iroquois wampum has been valued culturally. Wampum (especially white wampum) has signified spiritual, social and physical well-being; peace, lightness, and life. 7 For the Iroquois today, wampum also signifies sovereignty, re-affirmation and identity. One could say that though wampum as material is indigenous to Algonquian sea shores, wampum as concept is indigenous to Iroquois thought and ideology. Wampum played a huge role in the social and political history of the Iroquois, as it still does in the Iroquois Longhouse. 8 Today wampum strings and wampum belts are widely identified with Iroquoian peoples. However, it is important to remember that many Algonquian peoples positioned geographically on all sides of the Six Nations Iroquois also used wampum for ceremonial and communicative/diplomatic purposes. 9 The Iroquois used and continue to use wampum in two different forms: strings and belts. In the fifteen-part Condolence Ceremony for the raising and installation of a new Roianer (inadequately translated as "sachem" or "chief") 10 to replace the one who has died, different wampum strings are employed for each part of the ceremony. During the course of the ceremony strings are ritually passed across from the "clear minded" to those being condoled, and are returned in reciprocal fashion. The most familiar part of the ceremony is the clearing of the eyes, ears, and throat, respectively. Wampum strings are also employed at other functions such as, for example, naming ceremonies,


Named after US economist Arthur Laffer, his eponymous Curve refers graphically to notional/optimal government revenues according to levels of?

Business Glossary | AISMM Business Glossary Business Glossary 1-10 1.4142 – The diagonal (approximate, to four decimal places) of a 1 x 1 square, also known as Pythagoras’s Constant, and therefore also the ratio (1:1.4142) for calculating the diagonal side of a right-angled triangle in which the two short sides are of equal length. 1.6180 – The Golden Number (to four decimal places). Also known as the Golden Section, Divine Proportion, and phi (pronounced ‘fy’ as in the word ‘fly’) the twenty-first letter of the Greek alphabet. Also loosely referred to as Golden Ratio (1:1.618). Phi is used intentionally or instinctively in many different areas of design, for example architecture, music, and art. Phi is also an easy ‘secret’ to achieving aesthetically pleasing positioning and proportions. The Golden Ratio is found in diverse designs such as Stradivarius violins, the Pyramids, Notre Dame Cathedral, and in nature, for example the human face. 3.14159 – Pi, normally represented by the Greek letter pi (P) symbol π. Pi is typically used for calculating the area (π x radius squared) or circumference (π x diameter) of a circle. Pi has an infinite number of decimal places, and fascinates mathematicians in calculating pi itself, and memory experts too in memorizing as much of it as possible. 4/4 – Four beats to the bar, the most common rhythm in music. 10:10 – A UK environmental campaign that asks businesses, organisations and individuals to cut their carbon emissions by 10% in the year 2010. 13 – The most superstitious number, 13 affects business in surprising ways through absenteeism, cancellations, and design. Western airlines, for example, tend not to have seats and rows numbered 13. Friday 13th is a particularly superstitious date. Friday and the number 13 derive their superstitious reputations mostly from Christian beliefs and Norse folklore. 21-Gun Salute – Traditional honour given to royalty and heads of state, derived from the old signal of peaceful intent, when multiple firing practically removed capability for immediate threat due to re-loading time. 24-Carat/Karat – The purest form of gold (karat is US-English spelling, too soft for jewellery, hence gold jewellery is made of 22-carat, 18-carat, or 9-carat gold, etc., in which other metals such as copper are mixed. Carat is a measure of purity in which 24 parts equate (virtually) to 100% gold. 18-carat is therefore 75% gold. Less than 10-carat gold is generally not sold as gold. The carat measure of diamonds is different, for which carat is a measure of weight (1 carat = 200mg). 24-hour Society – Refers to a way of life available to many in the modern world in which people can work socialize, shop, bank, etc., 24 hours a day. The phenomenon has caused significant new thinking in business, management, marketing, etc., and continues to do so. 24/7 – Twenty four hours a day, seven days a week. 38 Ways of Persuasion – The classic semi-serious guide to winning arguments featuring in The Art of Always Being Right, by German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860). 64,000 dollar/pound question – The key or crucial question in a particular issue, deriving from an old US radio quiz game show called Take It Or Leave It, in which $64 was the top prize (it was an old show..). The show first aired in 1940 (ending in 1947), in which up to seven progressively more difficult questions were asked of each contestant, beginning with a one dollar prize, doubling each time a question was successfully answered and the option to ‘leave it’ rather than ‘take it’ (the prize money) was preferred. Giving a wrong answer ended the game and the potential prize money was lost. During the 1940s the expression “sixty-four dollar question” became popular in the US referring to a very challenging question. The show relaunched on radio in 1950 as “The $64 Question” and ran for two more years. Reflecting inflation, and more notably the growing power of commercial TV, the show’s next relaunch was in 1955 as “The $64,000 Question”. The expression adapted accordingly and has endured and spread, despite th


What creature is a slang word in French for a newspaper?

canard - Wiktionary canard Borrowing from French canard (“duck”). etymology note The primary English meaning of "canard" comes from the Medieval French expression “Vendre des canard à moitié.” The meaning literally is “to sell ducks by half.” It is actually the punch line to a joke. Eventually the punch line came to stand for the joke and then finally the word alone stood for the whole concept. The story is that a duck seller is successful and contented being the only duck seller on the street and he sells his ducks for eight francs each. A new duck seller moves in across the street who steals all the business by offering his ducks for seven francs each. Then a price war ensues, back and forth, until the new duck seller is down to three francs for a duck. The original duck seller is beside himself with worry and frustration, but finally he puts up a big sign that says, “Two francs” and then in small print at the bottom “for half a duck.” Thus, to sell the ducks by half meant to trick people with something that was literally true, but misleading. It has this same metaphorical meaning in French. Now in English, it simply means anything that is deliberately misleading, a fraud. A false or misleading report or story, especially if deliberately so. 2005, The New Yorker, 29 August, page 78. It’s a cinch, now that Spurling has cleared away a century’s worth of misapprehensions and canards. 2014 August 20, “Why Jews are worried [print version: International New York Times, 22 August 2014, p. 8]”, in [1] : [W]hen a Hamas spokesman recently stood by his statement that Jews used the blood of non-Jewish children for their matzos – one of the oldest anti-Semitic canards around – European elites were largely silent. (aeronautics) A type of aircraft in which the primary horizontal control and stabilization surfaces are in front of the main wing. (transport, engineering) Any small winglike structure on a vehicle, usually used for stabilization. drake (male duck) "Économie usuelle", in M. Matthieu Bonafous, De la culture des murier et de l'éducation des vers a soie, 1836, 756. Il est facile de distinguer le canard commun de la cane. Le mâle est plus gros que la femelle; il a aussi la voix plus forte et le plumage plus éclatant; mais le signe le plus saillant, c'est un assemblage de plusiers plumes retroussées que le mâle portes sur le croupion, à l'origine de la queue. Le canard et la cane sont propres à l'accouplement jusqu'à trois ou quatre ans; il faut les remplacer à cet âge par des sujest plus jeunes. Un canard suffit pour dix ou douze canes.


What are named after English Dr John Braxton Hicks (1823-97)?

Braxton Hicks contractions | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org 1. Dunn PM. John Braxton Hicks (1823-97) and painless uterine contractions. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1999;81 (2): F157-8. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. (link) - Free text at pubmed - Pubmed citation 2. Yiu-chiu V, Chiu L. Sonographic features of placental complications in pregnancy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1982;138 (5): 879-85. AJR Am J Roentgenol (citation) - Pubmed citation 3.Masui T, Katayama M, Kobayashi S et-al. Pseudolesions related to uterine contraction: characterization with multiphase-multisection T2-weighted MR imaging. Radiology. 2003;227 (2): 345-52. doi:10.1148/radiol.2271011587 - Pubmed citation 4. Wilson RL, Worthen NJ. Ultrasonic demonstration of myometrial contractions in intrauterine pregnancy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1979;132 (2): 243-7. AJR Am J Roentgenol (abstract) - Pubmed citation 5. Hicks JB : On the contractions of the uterus throughout pregnancy, their physiological effects and their value in the diagnosis of pregnancy. Trans Obstet Soc London 13 : 216- 231, 1871 Physiological uterine contractions in pregnancy Braxton Hicks contraction Physiological myometrial contractions in pregnancy Braxton-Hicks contractions


Provenance, originally relating to an artwork, now extending widely to other created or collectible works, refers specifically to?

Dictionary — The Art Reserve Z 19th C. European and British Art Style (1800-1900) 19th Century European and British art consists of various artistic movements in Europe including Rococo, Classicism, Revolutionary art, Spanish art, Romanticism, the Barbizon School, Realism, Orientalism, Idealism, Victorian, Impressionism, Neo-Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, Naturalism, Art Nouveau and Symbolism. The 19th century was a time of changing ideas revolving around the purpose of art, the appropriate choice of subject matter, the attitude between the artist and the public, the artist's relationship with nature and new technology's influence on art. 19th C. / Early 20th C. American Art Style (1800-1900) 19th Century American art consists of various artistic movements in America including Rococo, Classicism, Revolutionary art, Romanticism, Realism, Idealism, Impressionism, Neo-impressionism, Post Impressionism, Naturalism, Art Nouveau and Symbolism. back to top Abstract Art (1900-1950) Any form of art that does not represent reality convincingly, but instead distorts it. In this movement, artists began with a known visible object and abstracted it to produce a more simplified form. Pioneers of the Abstract Art movement include Kandinsky, Malevich and Mondrian. Abstract Expressionism (1940-1960) The Abstract Expressionists were based in New York City and were often referred to as the New York School. They were influenced by the ideas of Surrealism and aimed to make abstract art that also possessed expressive and emotional qualities. Academic art (18th century) Painting, works on paper, prints and sculpture. This term refers to art created according to the official academies of traditional painting and sculpture which flourished in Europe from the 17th to the 19th centuries. Academy This term refers to the institutional school established for the classical training of artists during the 17th and 18th centuries. Acanthus This term refers to a type of decorative element found in architecture derived from the acanthus leaves found in the Mediterranean. Acid Burn Brown discoloration on paper, resulting from acidic matting or mounting materials. Acid Free A characteristic of inert materials; especially said of papers with a 7 pH, or very close to 7 pH. Below 6.5 pH or above 8.5 pH is not considered acid-free. Acid free materials are more permanent, less likely to experience acid migration — to discolor, or to deteriorate materials they are placed with over time. Works on paper, and the mats, mounts, etc. with which they are framed, are best acid free. This term is sometimes used incorrectly as a synonym for "alkaline" or "buffered." Such materials may be produced from virtually any cellulose fiber source (cotton and wood, among others), if measures are taken during manufacture to eliminate active acid from the pulp. However free of acid a paper or board may be immediately after its manufacture, over time the presence of residual chlorine from bleaching, aluminum sulfate from sizing, or pollutants in the atmosphere may lead to the formation of acid unless the paper or board has been buffered with an alkaline substance. The presence of alpha cellulose in paper or board is an indication of its stability or longevity. Non-cellulosic components of wood are believed to contribute to the degradation of paper and board. Acquisition An object a collector or museum acquires (accessions) through gift, bequest, field expedition, or purchase. Or such an act of acquiring. Acrylic Water-based plastic paint consisting of pigments bound in an acrylic resin mixture. Can be thinned with water while wet, but becomes tough and water resistant once dry. Acrylic Paint Artists’ colors made by polymerizing a methyl methacrylate by emulsification, thus dispersing the resin into tiny particles in water. This fluid is used for a base in compounding polymer colors. Acrylic colors are water soluble when wet, but dry to an insoluble film. Colors are bright, dry quickly and are flexible. Acrylic / Plastic: Acrylic/plastic is a synthetic material made from the polymer


What is the common technical term for the contractive skin of a liquid which resists external force?

Glossary A  - B  - C  - D  - E  - F  - G  - H  - I  - J  - K  - L  - M  - N  - O  - P  - Q  - R  - S  - T  - U  - V  - W  - X  - Y  - Z Abrasion A general wearing away of a surface by constant scratching, usually due to the presence of foreign matter such as dirt, grit, or metallic particles in the lubricant. It may also cause a break down of the material (such as the tooth surfaces of gears). Lack of proper lubrication may result in abrasion. Abrasive Wear (Or cutting wear) Comes about when hard surface asperities or hard particles that have embedded themselves into a soft surface and plough grooves into the opposing harder surface, e.g., a journal. Absolute Filtration Rating The diameter of the largest hard spherical particle that will pass through a filter under specified test conditions. This is an indication of the largest opening in the filter elements. Absolute Pressure The sum of atmospheric and gage pressure. Absolute Viscosity A term used interchangeably with viscosity to distinguish it from either kinematic viscosity or commercial viscosity. Absolute viscosity is the ratio of shear stress to shear rate. It is a fluid's internal resistance to flow. The common unit of absolute viscosity is the poise. Absolute viscosity divided by fluid density equals kinematic viscosity. It is occasionally referred to as dynamic viscosity. Absolute viscosity and kinematic viscosity are expressed in fundamental units. Commercial viscosity such as Saybolt viscosity is expressed in arbitrary units of time, usually seconds. Absorbent Filter A filter medium that holds contaminant by mechanical means. Absorption The assimilation of one material into another; in petroleum refining, the use of an absorptive liquid to selectively remove components from a process stream. AC Fine Test Dust (ACFTD) A test contaminant used to assess both filters and the contaminant sensitivity of all types of tribological mechanisms. Accumulator A container in which fluid is stored under pressure as a source of fluid power. Acid In a restricted sense, any substance containing hydrogen in combination with a nonmetal or nonmetallic radical and capable of producing hydrogen ions in solution. Acid Number The quantity of base, expressed in milligrams of potassium hydroxide, that is required to neutralize the acidic constituents in 1 g of sample. Acid Sludge The residue left after treating petroleum oil with sulfuric acid for the removal of impurities. It is a black, viscous substance containing the spent acid and impurities. Acid Treating A refining process in which unfinished petroleum products, such as gasoline, kerosene, and lubricating oil stocks, are contacted with sulfuric acid to improve their color, odor, and other properties Acidity In lubricants, acidity denotes the presence of acid-type constituents whose concentration is usually defined in terms of total acid number. The constituents vary in nature and may or may not markedly influence the behavior of the lubricant. Activated Alumina A highly porous material produced from dehydroxylated aluminium hydroxide. Is used as a desiccant and as a filtering medium. Actuator A device used to convert fluid energy into mechanical motion. Additive A chemical substance added to a petroleum product to impart or improve certain properties. Common petroleum product additives are: antifoam agent, anti-wear additive, corrosion inhibitor, demulsifier, detergent, dispersant, emulsifier, EP additive, oiliness agent, oxidation inhibitor, pour point depressant, rust inhibitor, tackiness agent, viscosity index (VI.) improver. Additive Level The total percentage of all additives in an oil. (Expressed in % of mass (weight) or % of volume) Additive stability The ability of additives in the fluid to resist changes in their performance during storage or use. Adhesion The property of a lubricant that causes it to cling or adhere to a solid surface. Adhesive Wear Is often referred to as galling, scuffing, scoring, or seizing. It happens when sliding surfaces contact one another, causing fragments to be pulled from one surface an


The French word 'derailleur' is also used in English referring to a mechanism on what sort of machine?

Derailleur - Penny-farthing, Velocipede, Derailleur, and More Words From Cycling | Merriam-Webster Photo: Darren Wilkinson CC-BY-SA-2.0 Definition: a bicycle with a large front wheel and a small rear wheel common from about 1870 to 1890 The bicycle with a very large front wheel and tiny rear wheel was invented in France in 1869. The large front wheel allowed for faster speeds, since the power from the pedals at the hub of the wheel was direct drive. A larger wheel meant a greater distance traveled for each pedal turn as well as a smoother ride over bumpy roads. This kind of bicycle was called a hi-wheel or an ordinary after the invention of the chain-driven safety bicycle with equal wheel size. The term penny-farthing arose in Britain, where a farthing was a small coin worth ¼ of a penny. Put next to each other, the penny resembled the large front wheel and the farthing resembled the small rear wheel. They were dangerous and expensive but popular, and it was because of them that bicycling truly became a sport. 1/10 Cyclist on Michaux velocipede, 1868 Definition: a lightweight wheeled vehicle propelled by the rider The predecessor of the pedal bicycle was a two-wheeled vehicle that was propelled with the feet while seated. It was patented in 1818 in Germany, and its name, Laufmaschine, (“running machine”) was translated into French as vélocipède (from the Latin roots meaning “swift” and “foot”). In English, this contraption was known as the dandy horse or the hobbyhorse. Velocipede became a term for any wheeled vehicle propelled by the rider in English, including early bicycles. In French, it became the term used for the improved pedal-powered version designed in the mid-1800s. This was shortened to vélo to become their modern word for "bicycle." The pedal velocipedes were nicknamed boneshakers because they were made with wooden wheels and iron frames. After the introduction of rubber tires, boneshaker became a slang term for an uncomfortable or outmoded bicycle. The veloc- of velocipede is also the root of velocity. 2/10 Photo: Furmanj CC BY-SA 3.0 Definition: a bicycle race of a specified number of laps on a closed course over public roads closed to normal traffic If criterium seems like a funny way to spell criterion, that’s because, in a way, it is—both words share the same root. In racing, criterium means “a bicycle race of a specified number of laps on a closed course over public roads closed to normal traffic.” Often this is a loop around a town square or some other central location. This allows fans to see riders pass on every lap—not possible with road races. A commentary is often broadcast over loudspeakers, often including announcements for special prizes during the race for winners of an individual lap, known as primes (pronounced PREEMS), from the French word for “bonus.” Criterion means “a standard on which a judgment or decision may be based,” and entered English in the 1600s from Greek. Criterium comes from French: critérium is a word meaning “competition” or “sporting event that classifies or eliminates competitors.” It was first used in English in 1970. 3/10 Photo: James F. Perry CC BY-SA 3.0 Definition: the main body of riders in a bicycle race Riders in competitive races move in flocks for a reason: the front riders break the wind and those behind don’t have to work so hard to keep up. As they rotate, this allows for a much higher average speed for the group. A lone rider would quickly become exhausted trying to maintain a similar pace. They have to stay very close together for this to work well, and good riders know how to hold a very straight line and not wobble slightly to the right and left, as most recreational riders do. In French, this group is called the peloton, and that word has become the English term as well . It came into English with the meaning “the main body of riders in a bicycle race” in the mid-20th century, but the French word was originally less specific; it meant simply “a group of people” and then “a group of soldiers.” This was the meaning that was first borrowed into English


Technically what must be specified in order for a given speed to be termed a velocity?

B B July 21, 2012 See also: Trick Play CIMM DEFINITION: Returns viewer to the previous screen.  As distinguished from “Last” – primarily a Remote Control function – which returns the viewer to the last channel viewed.  Usage of the term “Last” and its function varies across operators and platforms. July 21, 2012 See also Back Haul and Back Path CIMM DEFINITION: A return path connection that can be used by a Set-Top Box to communicate with the cable headend; Can be used to communicate to cable headend or the service provider. It applies to asymmetric data connections and is the slower of the two data paths in the connection. 2: “A communication channel that can be used by a Set-Top Box to communicate with the cable headend or other devices. Also known as Back Haul. A term used to describe the technology which provides the infrastructure for electronic traffic traveling from the subscriber to the platform company.” (Source: Nielsen) 3: “Term commonly used to describe the action of sending data back to a host server over a phone wire or cable pipe.” (Source: itvt.com/glossary) NOTE – Many other types of homes (with the exception of digital Set-Top Box homes) do not have backchannels. Satellite homes receive back signals from landline phone lines which vary from home to home. NOTE – Available bandwidth on the return path is severely limited within the existing digital cable environment, and exceeding bandwidth limits can be catastrophic —i.e., STB reboots, network downtime. Motorola systems are limited to a raw bitrate of 256 Kbps per node (i.e., 500 to 1500 STBs), much of which is consumed by the system itself, VOD session management, IPG interaction, interactive application processing, etc.,  Also, communication on this return path is limited to UDP, which does not guarantee delivery of information from STB to the back-end, and generates additional bandwidth usage by applications to confirm delivery and resend lost data. Cisco systems provide slightly more return path bandwidth and support TCP (i.e., guaranteed delivery of data), but typically reserve more return path bandwidth for system and resident application (e.g., SARA) use. Collecting STB measurement data with low Latency is a complex task, especially for census data. Load on the back channel is an issue in downloading STB data. (Source: FourthWall Media) NOTE – From Mediapost TV Board article by Weisler, Feb09- A way to get data back to the operator. Cable systems have a back channel but satellite operators can only send data back via the phone lines. Since not all satellite Set-Top Boxes  connect to phone lines, this must be taken into account when receiving Set-Top Box data from satellite homes. Kantar Media Audiences says there is no significant difference in the satellite homes with and without the back channel. Rentrak says boxes are connected in different ways – some need to back channel to get scheduling data, others connect via broadband. It all varies by operator. More examination may be in order.   Bandwidth July 21, 2012 CIMM DEFINITION: In computer networks, bandwidth is often used as a synonym for data transfer rate – the amount of data that can be carried from one point to another in a given time period (usually a second). Usually expressed in bits (of data) per second (bps). A link with a high bandwidth is one that may be able to carry enough information to sustain the succession of images in a video presentation. In electronic communication, bandwidth is the width of the range (or band) of frequencies that an electronic signal uses on a given transmission medium. Here bandwidth is expressed in terms of the difference between the highest-frequency signal component and the lowest-frequency signal component. Since the frequency of a signal is measured in hertz (the number of cycles of change per second), a given bandwidth is the difference in hertz between the highest frequency the signal uses and the lowest frequency it uses. (Source: SearchEnterpriseWAN.com) 2: The transmission rate of a communications line or system, expressed as kilobits per second


The German Bavarian occupational name Hitler (originally Hüttler) referred to a builder of?

The Occult History of the Third Reich: Adolf Hitler - A Brief Biography Hitler was appointed chancellor in 1933, and transformed the Weimar Republic into the Third Reich, a single-party state based on the Völkisch and autocratic ideology of National Socialism. One of Hitler's avowed aims was to establish a 'New Order' in continental Europe. His foreign and domestic policies had the goal of aquiring Lebensraum ("living space") for the Nordic Aryan people. This included the rearmament of Germany, resulting in the invasion of Poland by the Wehrmacht in 1939, leading to the outbreak of World War II in Europe. EARLY YEARS © Copyright Peter Crawford 2013 Adolf Hitler was born at the Gasthof zum Pommer, an inn in Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary, on April 20, 1889, the fourth child of six. (see Braunau Stadtwappen right) BACKGROUND Adolf Hitler was born in one of the most provincial parts of a Germanic community that was itself a congeries of provinces. In writing of his father in 'Mein Kampf', Hitler described him as a man of the world, but the Austrian customs officer who had risen to middle-class officialdom from the shoemaker's trade was as far from that as were most of his neighbors. They were insular country people who lived in tight ethnic enclaves in the midst of a polyglot state and who looked with instant suspicion on anything or anyone who differed from them.  They rejected not only Jews but all outsiders, Protestant Germans along with the Catholic Italians who shared Austria's high Tyrolean mountains, as well as the other regrettable nationalities who made up part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire: Poles, Czechs, Ladins, Slovenes, Croats, Serbs, Slovakians, Ruthenians, Walachians, and the rest. The Dual Monarchy was made up essentially of a loose association of tribes, each inwardly territorial, bristling at any sign of another nationality's pretensions to power, which could only come about at the expense of one's own integrity and self-esteem. The peoples of Austria-Hungary lived in an atmosphere of fierce tribal loyalties and conflicts, in a monarchy called Kaiserliche and Koenigliche; both an empire and a kingdom, since the emperor of Austria was also the king of Hungary, as well as the king of Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slovenia, Jerusalem, and many other territories and the sovereign of over a dozen resident ethnic and religious minorities. Austria had a long history of mixed peoples. Four hundred years before the birth of Christ, Celts had migrated there from Spain; Romans, Germans, a Tartar people called the Avars, and Slavs had all settled there and had left their imprint on the country and its later population even when they moved on. The German name for the Roman invaders was Walsch, or Welsch, and names like Walgau, Walchensee, and Seewalchen are related to what were Roman settlements. Slavic names are preserved in Feistritz (from Bistrica"fast water"), Fladnitz (from Blatnica"swamp water"), Liesing (from Lesnica''wood brook"), Görach (from Gora"mountain"), and Görtschak (from Gorcia "hill"). A Roman name like Anula became Anif; Lentia became Linz; Janiculum, Gnigl; and Cucullae, Kuchl. Salzburg was still known in the eighth century by its Latin name Juvavia as well as by its Germanic name. Vienna was called by the Romans Vindobona, from a similar Celtic name, and by the ninth century it was called Wenia, or Venia. The villages in Lower Austria that the Hitlers, or Hiedlers, or Müttlers (this name, too, had a number of variants) came from, along with the Schicklgrubers (meaning hedge diggers) and Pölzls on Hitler's maternal side, were, like most of the Austrian settlements, outwardly homogeneous: although non-Germanic elements were present, they were neither numerous nor conspicuous in comparison with the overwhelmingly German-speaking majority. But in these provinces, too, non-Germanic peoples had either intermarried with the Germans or, in a few cases, remained as undigested foreign bodies. In Upper Austria, riots had occurred in Innsbruck when Adolf Hitler was fifteen years old. An Italian faculty had bee


What technical financial term, from Latin meaning 'it shall be', and also a major automotive brand, refers to official money/currency of a nation?

Freightgate - Shipping Terms Lookup      Freightgate - Shipping Terms Lookup Y Click on the Initial of the term above to take you to the relevant description. ABI - Automated     Brokerage Interface: Is a system available to U.S. Customs Brokers with the     computer capabilities and customs certification to transmit and exchange customs entries     and other information, facilitating prompt release of imported cargo. Acceptance: A time draft     (or bill of exchange) which the drawee has accepted and is unconditionally obligated to     pay at maturity. Drawee's act in receiving a draft and thus entering into the obligation     to pay its value at maturity. An agreement to purchase goods under specified terms. Add Hoc Charter: A one-off     charter operated at the necessity of an airline or charterer. Ad Valorem     ("according to the value"): A fixed percentage of the value of goods     that is used to calculate customs duties and taxes. Admirality Court: Is a   court having jurisdiction over maritime questions pertaining to ocean transport,     including contracts, charters, collisions, and cargo damages.   Advance Against     Documents: Load made on the security of the documents covering the shipment. Advising Bank:     A bank that receives a letter of credit from an issuing bank, verifies its authenticity,     and forwards the original letter of credit to the exporter without obligation to pay. Advisory Capacity:     A term indicating that a shipper's agent or representative is not empowered to make     definite decisions or adjustment without the approval of the group or individual     represented. Affiliate: Is a   company that controls, or is controlled by another company, or is one of two or more     commonly controlled companies.   Airfreightment: An     agreement by a steamship line to provide cargo space on a vessel at a specified time and     for a specified price to accommodate an exporter or importer, who then becomes liable for     payment even though he is later unable to make the shipment. Agency Agreement: The     steamship line appoints the steamship agent and defines the specific duties and areas of     responsibility of that agent. Air Cargo Agent: Is a   type of freight forwarder who specializes in air cargo and acts for airlines that     pay him a fee (usually 5%). He is registered with the International Air Transport     Association, IATA (See also Air Freight Forwarder; Forwarder, Freight Forwarder, Foreign     Freight Forwarder).   Air Freight Forwarder: Is     a type of freight forwarder who specializes in air cargo. He usually consolidates the air     shipments of various exporters, charging them for actual weight and deriving his profit by     paying the airline the lower consolidated rate. He issues his own air waybills to the     exporters, is licensed by the CAB (Civil Aeronautics Board) and has the status of an     indirect air carrier (See also Air Cargo Agent, Forwarder, Freight Forwarder, Foreign     Freight Forwarder.) Air Waybill: A     bill of landing that covers both international and domestic flights transporting goods to     a specified destination. This is a non-negotiable documents of air transport  that     serves as a receipt for the shipper, indicating that the carrier has accepted the goods     listed and obligates itself to carry the consignment to the airport of destination     according to specified conditions. AITA: International Air     Transport Association, IATA, (French, German). All-Risk Clause: Is an     insurance provision that all loss or damage to goods is insured except that of inherent     vice (self caused). (See All Risk Insurance). All Risk Insurance: Is a     clause included in marine insurance policies to cover loss and damage from external     causes, such as fire, collision, pilferage, etc. but not against innate flaws in the     goods, such as decay, germination, nor against faulty pack


What word follows either 'stone' or 'Chinese' in referring to deliberate obstruction?

Proverbs 24:14-34, New English Translation (NET) Likewise, know that wisdom is sweet to your soul;if you find it, you will have a future,and your hope will not be cut off. Do not lie in wait like... Traditional | Alphabetic   14 Likewise, know#tn D. W. Thomas argues for a meaning of “seek” in place of “know” (“Notes on Some Passages in the Book of Proverbs,” JTS 38 [1937]: 400-403). that wisdom is sweet#tn The phrase “is sweet” is supplied in the translation as a clarification. to your soul;if you find it,#tn The term “it” is supplied in the translation. you will have a future,#tn Heb “there will be an end.” The word is אַחֲרִית (’akhrit, “after-part, end”). BDB 31 s.v. b says in a passage like this it means “a future,” i.e., a happy close of life, sometimes suggesting the idea of posterity promised to the righteous, often parallel to “hope.”and your hope will not be cut off.15 Do not lie in wait like the wicked#tn The word “wicked” could be taken as a vocative (cf. KJV, ASV, NASB, “O wicked man”); but since the next line refers to the wicked this is unlikely. It serves better as an adverbial accusative (“like the wicked”). against the place where the righteous live;do not assault#sn The saying warns that it is futile and self-defeating to mistreat God’s people, for they survive – the wicked do not. The warning is against a deliberate, planned assault on their places of dwelling. his home.16 Although#tn The clause beginning with כִּי (ki) could be interpreted as causal or conditional; but in view of the significance of the next clause it seems better to take it as a concessive clause (“although”). Its verb then receives a modal nuance of possibility. The apodosis is then “and he rises up,” which could be a participle or a perfect tense; although he may fall, he gets up (or, will get up).sn The righteous may suffer adversity or misfortune any number of times – seven times here – but they will “rise” for virtue triumphs over evil in the end (R. N. Whybray, Proverbs [CBC], 140). a righteous person may fall seven times, he gets up again,but the wicked will be brought down#tn The verb could be translated with an English present tense (“are brought down,” so NIV) to express what happens to the wicked in this life; but since the saying warns against being like the wicked, their destruction is more likely directed to the future. by calamity.17 Do not rejoice when your enemy falls,#sn The saying (vv. 17, 18) warns against gloating over the misfortune of one’s enemies. The prohibition is formed with two negated jussives “do not rejoice” and “let not be glad,” the second qualified by “your heart” as the subject, signifying the inner satisfaction of such a defeat.and when he stumbles do not let your heart rejoice,18 lest the Lord see it, and be displeased,#tn Heb “and [it is] evil in his eyes.”and turn his wrath away from him.#sn The judgment of God should strike a note of fear in the heart of people (e.g., Lev 19:17-18). His judgment is not to be taken lightly, or personalized as a victory. If that were to happen, then the Lord might take pity on the enemies in their calamity, for he champions the downtrodden and defeated. These are probably personal enemies; the imprecatory psalms and the prophetic oracles present a different set of circumstances for the downfall of God’s enemies – even the book of Proverbs says that brings joy to the community.19 Do not fret because of evil peopleor be envious of wicked people,20 for the evil person has no future,#tn Heb “there is no end [i.e., future] for the evil.”and the lamp of the wicked will be extinguished.#sn The saying warns against envying the wicked; v. 19 provides the instruction, and v. 20 the motivation. The motivation is that there is no future hope for them – nothing to envy, or as C. H. Toy explains, there will be no good outcome for their lives (Proverbs [ICC], 449). They will die suddenly, as the implied comparison with the lamp being snuffed out signifies.21 Fear the Lord, my child,#tn Heb “my son,” but there is no indication in the immediate context that this should be limit


What is commonly said in Germany to a person who has just sneezed?

meaning - "Bless you" & sneezing - English Language & Usage Stack Exchange up vote 10 down vote accepted The following excerpt from howstuffworks.com gives some insight: The phrase "God bless you" is  attributed to Pope Gregory the Great,  who uttered it in the sixth century  during a bubonic plague epidemic  (sneezing is an obvious symptom of one  form of the plague). The exchangeable term "gesundheit"  comes from Germany, and it literally  means "health." The idea is that a  sneeze typically precedes illness. It  entered the English language in the  early part of the 20th century,  brought to the United States by  German-speaking immigrants. For the most part, the various sneeze  responses originated from ancient  superstitions. Some people believed  that a sneeze causes the soul to  escape the body through the nose.  Saying "bless you" would stop the  devil from claiming the person's freed  soul. Others believed the opposite:  that evil spirits use the sneeze as an  opportunity to enter a person's body.  There was also the misconception that  the heart momentarily stops during a  sneeze (it doesn't), and that saying  "bless you" was a way of welcoming the  person back to life. We now know that sneezing is a reflex  action and is most often the sign of  something relatively benign, such as a  cold or allergy. A sneeze also can be  provoked by being outside in the  sunlight or from smelling a strong  odor. Still, we persist in the custom  of saying "bless you" or "gesundheit,"  mainly out of habit and common  courtesy. As to the second part of your question; according to me, it depends on the context. If someone I'm talking to sneezes at that moment, I say it. up vote 1 down vote Following is an excerpt from http://ask.yahoo.com/20060411.html Another story veers toward the  medical. Once upon an unenlightened  time, people believed that the heart  stopped during a sneeze. A hearty "God  bless you" set the ol' ticker back in  motion. Keep in mind these were the  days before defibrillators and HMOs. And This is what WikiAnswers.com says There are several theories for this. One says that the phrase "God Bless  you" originated from an Islamic  practice around more than 1400 years  ago. According to Islam religion, when  someone sneezed, he should say "All  Praises to God" and in reply to him,  on sneezing, the people would say "May  God Bless You". Another explanation is that when  people sneezed it was thought that the  heart would skip a beat and that  instance would allow the devil to  enter the body, so saying "God bless  you" would keep the devil from  entering. It was thought, in the middle ages,  that when one sneezed a significant  amount of breath (the breath of life)  could be expelled from the body and  thus cause death. In which case one  would go to heaven with God's  Blessing. Written records state that the saying  goes back to the time of Pope Saint  Gregory I, or Gregory the Great, who  was Pope of the Catholic Church from 3  September 590 until he died in 604.  When Pope Gregory ascended to the  Papacy, it was just in time for the  start of the Plague, so this Pope is  unfortunately known as the patron  saint of plague. He believed that  constant repetition of litanies and  unceasing prayer for God's help and  intercession would help ward off  sickness. On 16 February 590 A.D.,  Pope Gregory decreed that whenever  someone sneezed, others should say  "God bless you" in response. The  blessing was given in the hope that  the one who sneezed wouldn't develop  the plague. Perhaps there was more to this than  people realized: it is interesting to  note that the plague of 590 A.D.  dissipated very quickly.


American War Deaths Through History American War Deaths Through History From the War of Independence to Operation Enduring Freedom - blood spilled from sea to shining sea. 100 Years of World War 1 Playing a key role on the road to victory. The following is a listing of US casualties in the various conflicts that have been a part of the country's history. The following numbers reflect only reported war deaths and exclude those wounded and/or missing. The Civil War maintains the highest American casualty total of any conflict. In its first 100 years of existence, over 683,000 Americans lost their lives, with the Civil War accounting for 623,026 of that total (91.2%). Comparatively, in the next 100 years, a further 626,000 Americans died through two World Wars and several more regional conflicts (World War 2 representing 65% of that total). Using this comparison, the Civil War might very well be the most costly war that America has ever fought. Sources: U.S. Army Military History Institute; iCasualties.org; Wikipedia CONFLICT


Screeno, Keno, and Housey-Housey are name variations of what more commonly known gambling game?

Bingo (U.S.) - iSnare Free Encyclopedia Bingo (U.S.) This article is about the American version of Bingo. For other uses, see Bingo . This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2011) Random chance a lot In the United States, Bingo is a game of chance in which each player matches numbers pre-printed in different arrangements on 5×5 cards with the numbers the game host draws at random, marking the selected numbers with tiles. When a player finds the selected numbers are arranged on their card in a row, they call out "Bingo!" to alert all participants to a winning card, which prompts the game host (or an associate assisting the host) to examine the card for verification of the win. Players compete against one another to be the first to have a winning arrangement for the prize or jackpot. After a winner is declared, the players clear their number cards of the tiles and the game host begins a new round of play. Alternative methods of play try to increase participation by creating excitement. Since its invention in 1929, modern bingo has evolved into multiple variations, with each jurisdiction's gambling laws regulating how the game is played. There are also nearly unlimited patterns that may be specified for play. Some games require only one number to be matched, while cover-all games award the jackpot for covering an entire card. There are even games that award prizes to players for matching no numbers or achieving no pattern. See "Variations" for more details. Contents See also: Bingo card The most common Bingo cards are flat pieces of cardboard or disposable paper which contain 25 squares arranged in five vertical columns and five side to side rows. Each space in the grid contains a number. A typical Bingo game utilizes the numbers 1 through 75. The five columns of the card are labeled 'B', 'I', 'N', 'G', and 'O' from left to right. The center space is usually marked "Free" or "Free Space", and is considered automatically filled. The range of printed numbers that can appear on the card is normally restricted by column, with the 'B' column only containing numbers between 1 and 15 inclusive, the 'I' column containing only 16 through 30, 'N' containing 31 through 45, 'G' containing 46 through 60, and 'O' containing 61 through 75. The number of all possible Bingo cards with these standard features is P (15,5) × P(15,5) × P(15,5) × P(15,5) × P(15,4) = 552,446,474,061,128,648,601,600,000 or approximately 5.52×1026. In U-Pick 'Em bingo and other variants of bingo, players are issued three 25 number cards which contain all 75 numbers that may be drawn. Players then mark which numbers they wish to play and then daub those numbers according to the numbers drawn. In addition, double-action cards have two numbers in each square. A player wins by completing a row, column, or diagonal. The most chips one can place on a Bingo board without having a Bingo is 19, not counting the free space. In order for this to happen, only one empty cell can reside in each row and each column, and at least one empty cell must be in each diagonal, for instance: B ● ● In addition to a straight line, other patterns may be considered a valid bingo in special games. For example, in the illustration above, the 2×2 square of marked squares in the upper-right-hand corner would be considered a " postage stamp ". Another common special game requires players to cover the four corners. There are several other patterns, such as a Roving 'L', which requires players to cover all B's and top or bottom row or all O's and top or bottom row. Another common pattern is a blackout, covering all 24 numbers and the free space. Equipment The numbers that are called in a game of bingo may be drawn utilizing a variety of methods to randomly generate the ball call. With the expansion of computer technology in bingo, electronic random number generators are now commonplace in most jurisdictions. However, some jurisdictions require mech


What is an unrealistically optimistic person, after the title-character of Eleanor Porter's famous 1913 novel?

Perth080113 by Metroland East - The Perth Courier - issuu 710 Barnes Street, Kemptville 613-258-9955 WWW.FINDAHUGEDEAL.COM Tax and license fee extra Have a safe and happy Holiday Weekend We are closed Saturday, August 3 The Perth and District Community Newspaper since 1834 August 1, 2013 | 68 pages www.insideottawavalley.com Highway 15 North, Smiths Falls 613-283-1880 www.rallyhonda.com Dramatic water rescue on the Tay NEWS Mother saves son from swift waters By DESMOND DEVOY desmond.devoy@metroland.com Celebrate Harvest Fest in Lanark County. — Page 2 COMMUNITY P th’ BBrentt McLaren Perth’s ML will ill ttake k part in the world championship town crier competition this weekend. — Page P1 SPORTS Submitted photo Samantha Davidson rescued her son Jack from the swift waters on the Tay during the Stewart Park Festival weekend. The boy had just learned to swim last year, but the current was a little too strong for him. Below, kids check out the old Mill Street pool, where the swift waters meet with the Tay Canal. Boat building for the Rideau Regatta is underway in Rideau Ferry. — Page P14 News – A mother’s quick thinking saved her son from drowning in the Tay River during the Stewart Park Festival. Glen Tay resident Samantha Davidson, who works at The Table Community Food Centre, was enjoying the Fred Penner concert on Saturday, July 20 at the Stewart Park Festival, with her son Jack, who was celebrating his seventh birthday that day. Her son had been splashing in the water near the little island in the park, before deciding to move on, with his mother, to the old swimming pool beside Mill Street. “I could see that the water was high and I mentioned it to him,” said Davidson during an interview on Wednesday, July 24. “I told him to keep close to the edge. I was standing right on the edge, as close as I could without being in the water.” “When the festival is on, the kids are all in the river,” said Shea LeBlanc, Jack’s dad, during an interview the same day. “The water has been a little high there.” With the water levels so high and the current so strong, it didn’t take much for Jack to begin to get swept up in the strong waters. “It happened so fast,” said Davidson. “She looked away for a second and then he was gone,” said LeBlanc. “She saw him and (he had) terror on his face.” Jack had just started swimming last summer, but his father commended him for keeping his cool. “He didn’t panic,” said LeBlanc. “That’s one of the things that saved him.” “He started calling, but didn’t go under,” said Davidson. “He said ‘Help me, please.’ Always polite.” At that point, survival for one’s child kicked in. “She just jumped in with her clothes on…As quick as that she was in the water. The hardest part was fighting the current,” said LeBlanc. In the middle of the stream, things were not going well for mother and son. “I wasn’t thrilled with our chances,” said Davidson. “I was surprised with how quickly it is moving right there. I got hold of him and he pushed me under a couple of times in his panic. We fought to get to the shore right away.” Once they reached the shore however, leaving the water was not as easy as they had hoped. “When they got to the water’s edge, she couldn’t get out,” said LeBlanc. “She was exhausted.” A man whom Davidson suspects was a Stewart Park volunteer helped her and her son out of the water. “I appreciated him coming out,” said Davidson. “I was quite tired and had all of my clothes on.” Shortly after the incident, LeBlanc received a frantic text message from Perth, while he was in the middle of a work weekend. “The first words ‘There’s been an incident,’ you are like ‘What?!’ Then the next line is ‘We’re okay,’” which allayed his fears somewhat. Having just emerged from the water, “she was calm and cool at the time,” but shortly afterwards, as LeBlanc talked with Davidson, “she was having anxiety problems then. We certainly had a moment where it was relief. She was still in shock and I am in shock. How close it could be that it could’ve been a different phone call.” Photo by DESMOND DEVOY See CHILD’S RESCUE page


What is the common name for the electrically excitable cells of the brain which process data via electrical and chemical signals?

Excitable cell | definition of excitable cell by Medical dictionary Excitable cell | definition of excitable cell by Medical dictionary http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/excitable+cell Related to excitable cell: Graded potential cell (sel), 1. The smallest unit of living structure capable of independent existence, composed of a membrane-enclosed mass of protoplasm and containing a nucleus or nucleoid. Cells are highly variable and specialized in both structure and function, although all must at some stage replicate proteins and nucleic acids, use energy, and reproduce themselves. 2. A small closed or partly closed cavity; a compartment or hollow receptacle. 3. A container of glass, ceramic, or other solid material within which chemical reactions generating electricity take place or solutions are placed for photometric assays. [L. cella, a storeroom, a chamber] cell (sel) 1. any of the protoplasmic masses making up organized tissue, consisting of a nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm enclosed in a cell or plasma membrane. It is the fundamental, structural, and functional unit of living organisms. In some of the lower forms of life, such as bacteria, a morphological nucleus is absent, although nucleoproteins (and genes) are present. 2. a small, more or less closed space. accessory cells  macrophages involved in the processing and presentation of antigens, making them more immunogenic. acid cells  parietal c's . acinar cell , acinic cell, acinous cell any of the cells lining an acinus, especially the zymogen-secreting cells of the pancreatic acini. air cell  1. any minute bodily chamber filled with air, such as an alveolus of the lung. 2. a cavity containing air and surrounded by a bodily structure, usually one of the bones of the head, such as the ethmoid or mastoid. alpha cell  1. a type of cell found in the periphery of the islets of Langerhans that secretes glucagon . 2. acidophil (2). alveolar cell  pneumonocyte; any cell of the walls of the pulmonary alveoli; often restricted to the cells of the alveolar epithelium (squamous alveolar cells and great alveolar cells) and alveolar phagocytes. Alzheimer cells  1. giant astrocytes with large prominent nuclei found in the brain in hepatolenticular degeneration and hepatic coma. 2. degenerated astrocytes. amacrine cell  any of five types of retinal neurons that seem to lack large axons, having only processes that resemble dendrites. ameboid cell  a cell that shows ameboid movement. Anichkov's cell  a plump modified histiocyte in the inflammatory lesions of the heart (Aschoff bodies) characteristic of rheumatic fever. APUD cells  [a mine p recursor u ptake and d ecarboxylation] a group of cells that manufacture polypeptides and biogenic amines serving as hormones or neurotransmitters. The polypeptide production is linked to the uptake of a precursor amino acid and its decarboxylation to an amine. argentaffin cells  enterochromaffin cells that reduce ammoniacal silver solutions without additional treatment with a reducing agent; the reducing substance is serotonin. Arias-Stella cells  columnar cells in the endometrial epithelium which have a hyperchromatic enlarged nucleus and which appear to be associated with chorionic tissue in an intrauterine or extrauterine site. Askanazy cells  large eosinophilic cells found in the thyroid gland in autoimmune thyroiditis and Hürthle cell tumors. B cells  B lymphocytes . band cell  a late metamyelocyte in which the nucleus is in the form of a curved or coiled band. basal cell  an early keratinocyte, present in the stratum basale of the epidermis. basal granular cells  APUD cells located at the base of the epithelium at many places in the gastrointestinal tract. basket cell  a neuron of the cerebral cortex whose fibers form a basket-like nest in which a Purkinje cell rests. beaker cell  goblet c. beta cell  1. a type of basophilic cell that makes up most of the bulk of the islets of Langerhans and secretes insulin . Betz cells  large pyramidal ganglion cells forming a layer of the gray matter of the brain. bipolar cell  a neuron


Ashtanga Vinyasa, Bikram, and Hatha Vidya are styles of what?

Types of Yoga | Hatha yoga, Ashtanga, Bikram, Iyengar and more... | DoYogaWithMe.com release endorphins that improve your mood and so much more... Now that you know some of the benefits of doing yoga, we begin our list of yoga styles below with classical  hatha yoga . As you move down the list it goes from vigorous, flow-style classes to the more relaxing passive classes, finishing with restorative yoga. You will also find a list some of our most popular  yoga videos  at the bottom of  each style. Hatha Yoga Hatha is a general category that includes most yoga styles. It is an old system that includes the practice of asanas (yoga postures) and  pranayama (breathing exercises) , which help bring peace to the mind and body, preparing the body for deeper spiritual practices such as meditation. Today, the term hatha is used in such a broad way that it is difficult to know what a particular hatha class will be like. In most cases, however, it will be relatively gentle, slow and great for beginners or students who prefer a more relaxed style where they hold poses longer. It can vary a lot, so it is a good idea to call the studio before attending the class. Popular hatha classes include: Hatha Yoga to Release the Lower Back  - David Procyshyn (subscriber-only video) Vinyasa Like hatha, vinyasa is a general term that describes many different styles of yoga. It essentially means movement synchronized with breath and is a vigorous style based on a rapid flow through sun salutations. You may also see a vinyasa class referred to as a flow class, which refers to the continuous flow from one posture to the next. Popular vinyasa yoga classes include: Sun Salutations III  - Tracey Noseworthy Ashtanga Yoga Ashtanga is a system of yoga that was brought to the modern world by Sri K. Pattabhi Jois. If you attend an ashtanga class at a studio you will be led nonstop through one or more of the ashtanga series, while being encouraged to breathe as you move from pose to pose. Each series is a set sequence of asanas, always in the same order. It is typically fast-paced, vigorous and physically challenging. There are six series in total, increasing in difficulty as you move from the primary series on. Even though a typical class moves quite quickly, most Ashtanga studios offer Mysore-style classes, which allow students to work at their own pace and to be assessed by senior instructors. Popular ashtanga classes include: Ashtanga Yoga For Beginners  - Jenni Pritchard Power Yoga Power yoga is used to describe a vigorous, vinyasa-style yoga. It originally closely resembled ashtanga and was an attempt to make ashtanga more accessible to Western students. It differs, however, in that it is not a set series of poses, but rather allows the instructor freedom to teach what they want. Two American yogis, Beryl Bender Birch and Bryan Kest, both of whom studied with Sri K. Pattabhi Jois, are most often credited with inventing power yoga. Power yoga's popularity has spread around the world and is now taught in most studios. Because the style can vary, it is recommended that you consult with the studio or individual instructor before attending a class. Popular power yoga classes include: Power Yoga For Motivation  - Tracy Noseworthy Bikram Yoga One thing you can be sure of when you attend a Bikram class is consistency. Outside of the instructor, a Bikram class is the same no matter where you go, consisting of the same, copyrighted twenty-six postures and two breathing techniques, in the same order for ninety minutes, in a room heated to 105°F (40.6°C), with a humidity of 40%. You can also be certain that you will sweat; the room is hot and the class challenges you both physically and mentally. Founded by Bikram Choudhury, this form of hot yoga is meant to flush toxins, manage weight and allow students to move more deeply into poses. Jivamukti Yoga David Life and Sharon Gannon created jivamukti yoga in 1984, and since then have studied with a number of teachers, including Swami Nirmalananda and Sri K. Pattabhi Jois. Their classes resemble ashtanga in the vinyasa


The American 1893 Nix v Hedden court case determined (and still), for US customs taxation purposes, based on conventional usage, what to be a vegetable and not a fruit?

Strange Judicial Opinions Archives - Lawhaha.com - Andrew McClurg's Legal Humor May 18th, 2015 Stock photo – Not the real guy. Leave it to insurance coverage guru/legal humorist Randy Maniloff to track down the most interesting cases for his monthly publication,  Coverage Opinions .  Among this month’s excellent articles (which include a mock interview with Tom Brady), Randy revisits his insurance  Coverage for Dummies  contest with the case of Blank-Greer v. Tannerite Sports, LLC, No. 13-1266 (N.D. Ohio Apr. 21, 2015). Here are the basic facts, borrowed from Randy’s excerpts from the court’s opinion: In May 2012, [James] Yaney’s friend, Jason Vantilburg, in anticipation of the birth of his first child, asked Yaney to host a party to celebrate. Yaney and Vantilburg fashioned the party into a ‘diaper shootout,’ where guests could bring diapers for the new baby and enjoy an afternoon shooting guns in Yaney’s backyard. As a ‘grand finale’ to the party, they also decided to blow up an old refrigerator. In preparation, Yaney used his [Yaney] Motorsports truck to haul the refrigerator from Vantilburg’s home to his property. He then used his trailer to tow a box van to his backyard so that guests had a target to shoot. On the day of the event, Yaney set up the Motorsports truck and trailer as a staging area for guns and ammunition. *** Towards the end of the event, Yaney and Vantilburg decided it was time to blow up the refrigerator. They hauled the refrigerator from Yaney’s pole barn into the backyard. Guests stood behind tables fifty meters away from where the refrigerator was located. Vantilburg moved into position behind his rifle, fired at the explosives [H2] inside the refrigerator, and detonated them. The refrigerator immediately blew apart and sent shrapnel flying across the yard. A piece of shrapnel hit (guest) Plank–Greer’s hand, nearly severing it. Read Randy’s full account of the case , which addressed the issue of whether the party host was acting in the scope of employment with respect to insurance coverage from his business.  The court said no. –Blank-Greer v. Tannerite Sports, LLC, No. 13-1266 (N.D. Ohio Apr. 21, 2015) Breaking Bad–Canadian Judicial Version January 9th, 2015 Don’t think for a minute that Canadian judges can’t keep up with American judges when it comes to Strange Judicial Opinions.  Wild and crazy judicial happenings in Canada are here , here and here . Now comes a new hit TV series, I mean, an order in a divorce case, entered by Superior Court Justice Pazaratz, where the court analogized the parties’ ugly divorce to the hit television show, Breaking Bad. Excerpts from the order include: 1.  Breaking Bad, meet Breaking Bad Parents. 2.  The former is an acclaimed fictional TV show whose title needed a bit of explaining:  “BREAKING BAD:  A southern U.S. expression for when a good person suddenly loses their moral compass and starts doing bad things”. 3.  The latter is a sad reality show playing out in family courts across the country.  “BREAKING BAD PARENTS:  When smart, loving, caring, sensible mothers and fathers suddenly lose their parental judgment and embark on relentless, nasty litigation; oblivious to the impact on their children”. 4.  SPOILER ALERT:  The main characters in both of these tragedies end up pretty much the same:  Miserable.  Financially ruined. And worst of all, hurting the children they claimed they were protecting. 5.  To prolong the tortured metaphor only slightly, the “urgent” motion before me might be regarded as this family’s pilot episode.  Will these parents sign up for the permanent cast of Breaking Bad Parents?  Will they become regulars in our family court building, recognizable by face and disposition?  Or will they come to their senses; salvage their lives, dignity (and finances); and give their children the truly priceless gifts of maturity and permission to love. 6.  Stay tuned. [The court proceeds to recount the parties’ inability to work together, accusations and counter-accusations, and their deadlock in trying to reach a custody sharing arrangement.  The Cour


Traditionally made of paper over a wooden frame what is a Japanese 'shoji'?

eShoji.com: What is Shoji? What is Shoji? Back to "How To" What is Shoji? When you hear the word 'shoji' (pronounce 'show-jee'), probably many people here in the U.S. imagine a freestanding wood frame screen with translucent 'rice paper' on it . In modern Japan, shoji means wooden sliding doors with translucent paper on . These doors slide on wood tracks very smoothly and quietly, work as a room divider or window coverings. The original concept of shoji was born in China, and was imported into Japan sometime between 7 th to 8 th centuries. The word 'shoji' indicates 'something to obstruct' in both Chinese and Japanese. At that time, it meant everything used as a room partition, including freestanding screen and fixed panel with paper or fabric on. So those freestanding shoji screens in the U.S. aren't too far off from the origin of 'shoji'. By 12 th century, shoji had evolved into something unique to Japan, the sliding doors with paper on. The paper is translucent and is called 'shoji paper'. Sometimes people call it 'rice paper' (since it sounds 'oriental'?), but shoji paper really has nothing to do with rice. Traditionally shoji paper (washi) was made of Japanese mulberry tree called 'Kozo' or shrubs called 'Mitsumata' and 'Ganpi'. The paper was scarce and valuable because it was all natural and hand-made, until manufacturing of shoji paper began in late 1800s. The use of synthetic and chemical fiber started around 1960s, making the paper very affordable. What made shoji so great and popular, has a lot to do with what the shoji paper does. Because of its rough texture, this paper refracts and diffuses lights. The paper throw a nice soft glow even on the hottest summer day. When privacy is needed, you can close doors without making the room too dark. Sound can be still heard, but all you can see from the other side is just a silhouette.... How does the sliding system work? Top rails run between corner posts that support beams. Bottom rail lies on the floor, sticking about a half inch. There are deep grooves in the top rail and shallow grooves in the bottom. Grooves are slightly narrower than the door stile thickness. The top and bottom of the doors are cut with a matching L-shape tenon, and they slide along the groove smoothly. The doors are so light you can open it with one finger. The doors can stay opened or closed, depending on the privacy level you want. If you need a one big room for a gathering, doors can be taken off the rails and put away. This sliding shoji door and track system worked so well in traditional Japanese house, because a house used to have only one large room with no permanent walls, in the old times. Talking about an open concept floor plan! Another important element of shoji is the lattice work, or 'kumiko' (translates 'woven'). The clever structure of shoji only need minimal amount of material (wood and paper) and yet pull out each material's possible strength to a maximum. Since wood pieces are inter-woven, they become a lot stronger and sturdier. Simple geometric pattern actually stabilize outer wood frame and also keep the paper tension. It is something that seems to have only aesthetic value but it is actually the core of strength and functionality. Because of kumiko, shoji is delicate, beautiful, light, and strong. So in conclusion, besides its aesthetic role, shoji is a temporary room divider, a privacy screen and a light diffuser. Shoji in Japan kept changing with new technology and materials, and people always found a new way to apply it. Shoji in America (or any other places) can get even more creative, without all the traditions and rules. It will be really interesting to see what kind of new shoji is coming out, since Asian decor is hot in the interior design world today. Categories


What word prefixes business, room, case, and down to produce four other words?

Glossary of terminology, definitions for grammar and language, vocal       sounds, literary effects, and curious words in speech and writing   language, grammar, and literary terms a glossary of grammatical terminology, definitions and examples -             sounds and literary effects in language, speaking, writing, poetry.. This glossary of linguistics, literary and grammatical terms is               aimed to be helpful for writers, speakers, teachers and communicators of all               sorts, in addition to students and teachers of the English language               seeking: to understand the different effects of written and spoken                 language - what they are called, from a technical or study standpoint, to develop variety, sensitivity, style and effectiveness in your                 own use of language - written and spoken - for all sorts of communications,                 whatever your purposes, and to improve understanding and interpretation of the meaning of words without having to look them up in a                 dictionary. There are very many different effects of written and spoken               language. Most people know what an acronym is, or a palindrome . But what is               a glottal stop ? What is a tautology , or a gerund ? What is alliteration and onomatopoeia ? What are the               meanings of prefixes , such as hypo/hyper and meta , and suffixes such as ology and logue ? Words alone convey quite basic meaning. Far more feeling and mood is               conveyed in the way that words are put together and pronounced - whether for               inspiration, motivation, amusement, leadership, persuasion, justification,               clarification or any other purpose. The way we use language - in addition to the language we use               - is crucial for effective communications and understanding. The way others use language gives us major insights as to               motives, personalities, needs, etc. The study and awareness of linguistics helps us to know ourselves               and others - why we speak and write in different ways; how language develops;               and how so many words and ways of speaking from different languages share the               same roots and origins. Also, our technical appreciation of language is a big help to               understanding language more widely, and particularly word meanings that we               might not have encountered before. For example why is a prefix so significant in language? And               a suffix ? Knowing these and many other aspects of linguistics can dramatically               assist our overall understanding of language, including new words, even foreign               words, which we might never have seen before. Some of these language terms and effects are vital for good               communications. Others are not essential, but certainly help to make language               and communications more interesting, textured and alive - and when language               does this, it captivates, entertains and moves audiences more, which is               definitely important for professional communicators. Note that many of these words have meanings outside of language and               grammar, and those alternative non-linguistic definitions are generally not               included in this glossary.     listing of terms for grammatical, literary, language, vocal and             written effects a - the word 'a' is               grammatically/technically 'the indefinite article' (compared with the word 'the' , which is 'the definite article') -