In the novel ‘The Lord of the Rings’, who is the King of Rohan?

Rohan | The One Wiki to Rule Them All | Fandom powered by Wikia Lifespan TA 2510 - Rohan was a great kingdom of Men , located in the land once known as Calenardhon , situated in the great vale between the Misty Mountains to the north and the White Mountains to the south. The land of Rohan extended from the fords of the river Isen in the west, up to the shores of the river Anduin in the east. The forest of Fangorn lay within the borders of Rohan, and the Elven city of Lorien lay to the north of the river Limlight . The land of Rohan was orginally part of Gondor but it gained independence from Gondor . The land was first known as "Rohan" to the Men of Gondor , and its people the Rohirrim , meaning 'the Horse-lords', but the people of Rohan called themselves the Eorlingas, sons of Eorl the Young, first King of Rohan , as the land of Calenardhon was given in gift to Eorl and his people by Cirion , Steward of Gondor , in thanks for their service to Gondor in battle against the Balchoth . Eorl, the first king, swore an oath of friendship, at need or at call, to the Lords of Gondor , and thus the Rohirrim became the greatest allies of the Men of Gondor throughout the Third Age and beyond. They were known for their cavalry and horse training, which came into use countless times in battles such as the Battle of the Hornburg and on the Pelennor Fields . Contents Edit In the 1200s of the Third Age , the Kings of Gondor made alliances with the Northmen of Rhovanion , a people thought to be distantly descended from the Edain , those peoples of Men who crossed into Beleriand in the First Age and later settled in Númenor . The men who would become the Rohirrim were in fact more closely akin to the Beornings and the Men of Dale , and are accounted as Middle Men , who, while not directly descended from the Men of Númenor, never served the will of Sauron . In "The Two Towers", Aragorn describes the Rohirrim thusly: "Their kinship is rather with the Beornings of the Wood, or the Bardings of Dale, among whom may still be seen many Men tall and far, as are the Rohirrim...They are proud and willful, but they are true-hearted, generous in thought and deed; bold but not cruel; wise but unlearned, writing no books but singing many songs, after the manner of the children of Men before the Dark Years " — pg. 41, The Two Towers In the early part of the Third Age, such men occupied a territory known as Rhovanion, the lands east of Mirkwood , Greenwood the Great, west of the inland Sea of Rhûn , and south of the Celduin (the River Running). While never united under one singular king, the Men of Rhovanion nonetheless were allies of Gondor, and many of the great Princes of Rhovanion and their kin served in the armies of Gondor. In this way was the ruling House of Gondor mingled with the Northmen during the reign of King Eldacar , and the Northmen intermarried with the Dúnedain of the South and were eventually reckoned Men of Gondor. Through nearly constant conflict with the Men of Rhûn (Balchoth, Wainriders, and the like), the population of Rhovanion dwindled. In the late 1000s of the Third Age, one such population of Northmen, dwelling in the eaves of Mirkwood, became a separate people under the lordship of Marhari , a descendant of Vidugavia , one of the most powerful princes of Rhovanion. Fighting alongside King Narmacil II of Gondor, his people were defeated by the Wainriders , invaders from the east, and the last remnants of the Northmen were scattered. Marhwini , son of Marhari, took up the lordship of his father and, retreating north with a remnant of his people, became the first chieftain of the people who would become the Rohirrim. Settling first in the vales of Anduin between the Carrock and Gladden Fields , his people began to slowly recover their strength, and became known as the Éothéod , the horse peoples. Marhwini, and later his son Forthwini , continued their alliance with Gondor, fighting the Wainriders and other eastern invaders alongside Kings Calimehtar and Ondoher. Although the Eotheod won pyrrhic victories over their foes while al


Rodney Pattison won Olympic gold medals for Britain in 1968 and 1972 in which sport?

BBC - A Sporting Nation - Rodney Pattison retains Olympic Gold 1972 Rodney Pattison retains Olympic Gold 1972 © SCRAN Born in Campbeltown, Argyll on 4th August 1943, Rodney Stuart Pattisson can justifiably claim to be Scotland's most successful sailor ever, winning two Olympic gold and one silver medal. Having been educated at Pangbourne College, a school with strong nautical connections, before joining the Royal Navy, Pattisson's emergence as a world class sailor should not have come as too much of a surprise. He teamed up with a London solicitor, Ian MacDonald Smith, and the two were selected to represent Great Britain in the 1968 Mexico City Olympics in the “Flying Dutchman“class - a 20 foot, 2 man yacht after winning the Olympic trials. After winning the European Championships, their preparation was meticulous as they travelled out to Mexico two months ahead of the event in order to acclimatise to the local conditions on their boat “Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious”, not surprisingly shortened to “Superdocious”. The pair were almost unbeatable in the event in which they had to count their best six out of seven race scores. Apart from one disqualification, which naturally they chose as their non-scouting score, they won five out of six races and claimed the gold medal with a score of only three penalty points, something which had never been achieved before in an Olympic regatta. That score secured a huge winning margin over the silver medallists, the West German duo of Ulrich Libor and Peter Naumann. In winning the gold, Rod became the first Scot to win an Olympic gold in any sport for 12 years and was the first to win any type of sailing medal. Pattisson and MacDonald-Smith dominated in the World Championships too, winning the title in Naples in 1969 and again in Adelaide in 1970, before Pattison lifted the crown for a third consecutive year in 1971, this time partnered by Justin Brooke Houghton, when the event was held at La Rochelle. However, it was for his Olympic success that Pattisson was most feted, and four years after his first win, he repeated his success this time in partnership with Christopher Davies as they beat the French pair of Yves and Marc Pajot into second place. Rod's achievement in winning gold medals in consecutive Olympiads was recognised as the 1976 games got underway in Montreal and he was awarded the honour of being the flag-bearer at the opening ceremony. By now, Rod had reverted to sailing alongside an old partner, this time Justin Brooke Houghton, with whom he had won the world title five years before, was alongside him and the pair put in a gallant bid to win the title for Great Britain yet again, before finally having to concede second best to the West German pair of Jörg Diesch and Eckart Diesch. Pattisson retired from Olympic sailing, concentrating instead on multi-hulled events, which he did with great success. His achievements were recognised as he was elected to both the Sailing Hall of Fame and, in 2003, to the Scottish Sport Hall of Fame. He is also a recipient of an MBE. While Pattisson was the first Scot to win a gold medal in sailing, he was not the last. His success paved the way for others, with Michael McIntyre following in his footsteps to win gold in the “Star” class, in the Seoul games of 1988, before Shirley Robertson clinched the top honour in the “Europe” class in the 2000 games in Sydney and then repeated her triumph in the “Yngling” class in the 2004 Athens games. His influence was not limited to Scotland, and another Briton, England's Ben Ainslie, another double Olympic gold medallist paid tribute to Rod saying “My generation grew up knowing about Rodney Pattisson and his two golds and a silver from the 1968, 1972 and 1976 Games.” Written by: Dave Low


Which historic figure was reputed to have said ‘The die is cast’ as they stood at the edge of the Rubicon River?

3,000 B.C. - 1 A.D. *Color Code Index *Interlude: "Did orthodox church dogma  suggest Earth was created about 4,000 B.C.? Apparently, it did . Unfortunately, this long-held popular  paradigm has seriously warped a modern view of the ancient world by attributing  post-4,000 B.C. dates to the oldest civilizations and world cultures on the  planet. Not only the first people, the first civilizations, the first languages,  the first calendars, the first monuments, the first governments and religions,  but after about 4,000 B.C. one can find nearly every Biblical event [thus  all of Earth's history]. One can find things this way because, what some  people once believed (apparently) some people still do!  [ ]" [- E.M.] 3,000 B.C. 3,000 B.C. - Wiki  Trivia - "The 3rd millennium BC spans the Early to Middle Bronze Age.  [NP] It represents a period of time in which imperialism, or the desire to  conquer, grew to prominence, in the city states of the Middle East, but also  throughout Eurasia, with Indo-European expansion to Anatolia, Europe and  Central Asia. The civilization of Ancient Egypt rose to a peak with the Old  Kingdom. World population is estimated to have doubled in the course of the  millennium, to some 30 million people. [....]" [Based on:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3th_millennium_BCE] 3,000 B.C. - Altithermal - "It is suspected  by Earth scientists that the sun shone particularly brightly about this time.  This episode is called the Altithermal, and may have contributed to the rise  of the early civilizations. Another similar high heat episode occurs around  1,000 A.D." 3,000 B.C. - Jiroft  Culture - "A "Jiroft culture"[1] has been postulated as an early Bronze  Age (late 3rd millennium BC) archaeological culture, located in what is now  Iran's Sistan and Kerma-n Provinces. [....]" [Based on:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiroft_culture] 3,000 B.C. - Gilgamesh Epic - "The interesting  fact for Sumer is that pictorial representations of the Mesopotamian classics  appear many centuries before our earliest texts thereof. For example, the  greatest Mesopotamian classic is the Gilgamesh Epic. Seals depicting scenes  from the Gilgamesh Epic are exceedingly common, and begin about 1,000 years  before the earliest cuneiform tablets dealing with those scenes. Accordingly,  the materials out of which the Gilgamesh Epic was fashioned by the second  millennium B.C. were circulating orally, and pictorally, around 3,000 B.C."  [Link: 1 ] 3,000 B.C. - Astrology / China - "[....] Astrology  is believed to have originated in China about the 3rd millennium BC. Astrology  was always traditionally regarded very highly in China, and indeed Confucius  is said to have treated astrology with respect saying: 'Heaven sends down  its good or evil symbols and wise men act accordingly'. [12] The 60 year  cycle combining the five elements with the twelve animal signs of the zodiac  has been documented in China since at least the time of the Shang (Shing  or Yin) dynasty (ca 1766BC - CA 1050BC). Oracles bones have been found dating  from that period with the date according to the 60 year cycle inscribed on  them, along with the name of the diviner and the topic being divined about.  One of the most famous astrologers in China was Tsou Yen who lived in around  300 BC, and who wrote: 'When some new dynasty is going to arise, heaven exhibits  auspicious signs for the people'. Astrology in China also became combined  with the Chinese form of geomancy known as Feng shui. [....]" [Based on:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_astrology] - [T.D. - 08/02/08] 3,000 B.C. - Longshan culture - "The Longshan (or Lung-shan) culture [龙山文化 L�ngshān w�nhu�], also sometimes referred to as the Black Pottery Culture, was a late Neolithic culture in the middle and lower Yellow River valley areas of northern China, dated from about 3000 to 2000 BC. The culture is named after the modern town of Longshan (lit. 'Dragon Mountain') in the east of the area under the administration of Jinan, Shandong Province, where the f


Gephyrophobia is the abnormal fear of which type of structures?

Gephyrophobia: Fear of crossing bridges is now in the spotlight | Science Buzz Gephyrophobia: Fear of crossing bridges is now in the spotlight in Physical Science Big bridge: The Chesapeake Bay Bridge, which stretches for four miles, can be a scary place for someone with gephyrophobia, the fear of crossing bridges. Enough people have fear problems there that a special program is available to hire drivers to take gephyrophobes across the bridge.I’ve learned a new word this week: gephyrophobia (pronounced JEFF-ri-o-FO-bia). Of course, it’s the fear of crossing bridges. Last week’s bridge collapse has most people a little more on edge when going over a bridge, but for some people it’s been like that for years. And the medical definition of gephyrophobia is pretty interesting. This comes from MedicineNet.com: Sufferers of this phobia experience undue anxiety even though they realize their fear is irrational. Their fear may result partly from the fear of enclosure (claustrophobia) or the fear of heights (acrophobia). Phobic drivers may worry about being in an accident in busy traffic or losing control of their vehicles. High bridges over waterways and gorges can be especially intimidating, as can be very long or very narrow bridges. Old and new: Here's another cool Chesapeake Bay Bridge photo that gives a better scale of the incredible height of the bridge. (Photos from Maryland Transportation Authority)USA Today had a story about a program for gephyrophobic drivers in the Chesapeake Bay Bridge area of Maryland. That bridge is four miles long and for years, Maryland’s Transportation Authority had a special program for gephyrophobic drivers. With call ahead, they could be met at the bridge by a bridge driver who would hop in their car and drive it over the bridge. Last year, more than 4,000 people took advantage of that program. That number grew so high, private contractors have now been hired to provide the service. What once was a free service now costs $25 a trip. At the Mackinac Straits Bridge in Michigan, a five-mile suspension span that’s the third-longest bridge in the country, about 1,200 people take advantage of a similar, free driving service to cross that bridge. But last week’s headlines may also be a blessing in disquise for those with gephyrophobia. A Washington Post story on the condition reports that therapists haven’t been swamped with calls from people with the condition. "Before this happened, people who were anxious about it might have come in to work on their fear of bridges and tunnels because it was an irrational fear," said Jean Ratner, who runs the Center for Travel Anxiety in Bethesda, Md. "But with that bridge collapsing, their fears seem justified. It doesn't seem so irrational anymore." What do you think about gephyrophobia? Have you ever experienced it? Any tips for people on how to deal with it? Share your thoughts here at Science Buzz. Average: Your rating: None Average: 4.1 (31 votes) Your Comments, Thoughts, Questions, Ideas mdr says: I just happened to cross the Chesapeake Bay Bridge for the first time this past Friday on my way to Delaware for a wedding. Traffic from Washington DC to the bridge was horrible (which I guess is the norm during the summer), but as soon as we got on the bridge it became even worse due to a three-car accident in the left lane. According to MapQuest the entire trip was supposed to take 2 hours, but instead took 4 hours! But despite that, and the fact that we had watched hours of the Minneapolis bridge collapse on the news over the two previous days, driving over it wasn't that big a deal. On the return trip to Washington we opted to drive up through Wilmington and down through Baltimore, not because of any fear of the bridge collapsing, but rather intense anxiety of being stuck in another two-hour traffic jam. Our return trip took only 2.5 hours. posted on Wed, 08/08/2007 - 1:01pm Moose says: Last night I took the Memphis-Arkansas bridge over and it was sort of scary. I had to sit in a Motel 6 parking lot and build up my nerve while watching the traffic come over


The sheepshead fish has human teeth, but it's okay because it won't give you a psychedelic crisis - Scientific American Blog Network The sheepshead fish has human teeth, but it's okay because it won't give you a psychedelic crisis By Becky Crew on March 21, 2013 Share on Facebook Report Ad Credit: VA Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) Despite the way it looks, the sheepshead fish (Archosargus probatocephalus) has at least one thing going for it. While other members of the Sparidae family are trying out various forms of hermaphroditism, including changing from female to male (protogyny), doing the opposite (protandry), or being unisexual (gonochorists), the sheepshead is just sitting at home watching cartoons and leaving its genitals where they are. So that’s something. Sheepshead incisors. Credit: Glen J. Kuban Another good thing about this huge creep is that, unlike one of its relatives, the Salema porgy (Sarpa salpa), you won't risk having a terrible trip when you eat one. Apparently they taste great! The Salema porgy, also of the Sparidae family and nicknamed the dreamfish, was reportedly used for recreational hallucinogenic purposes in the Mediterranean during the Roman Empire and has played a role in traditional Polynesian ceremonies. Along with a handful of other fish, the flesh of the Salema porgy can sometimes inflict ichthyosarcotoxism on those who eat it, which is a very rare form of poisoning caused by the toxins of a tiny species of marine plankton called Gambierdiscus toxicus. This poisoning from contaminated fish flesh prompts intense hallucinations and terrifying nightmares that can last for several days. As reported by Luc de Haro and Philip Pommier from the Centre Antipoison of the Hôpital Salvator in Marseille, France, in a 2006 issue of Clinical Toxicology , a 90-year-old man ate a Salema porgy in Saint Tropez in 2002 and two hours later was hallucinating and having nightmares about people and birds screaming, which lasted a further two nights. He literally thought he was losing his mind. "Fearing that these symptoms might signal the beginning of a major mental illness, he did not tell his friends or attending physician. The manifestations abated three days after he had eaten the fish," de Haro and Pommier report. Prior to that, a 40-year-old man also fell victim to ichthyosarcotoxism while holidaying in the French Riviera and had hallucinations of screaming animals and giant, menacing spiders surrounding his car. In 2009, a fisherman named Andy Giles caught one in the English Channel, which is unusual because they usually keep to warm waters of the Mediterranean and African west coast, and told the Daily Telegraph , "Now I realise what it was and the effects it can have, perhaps I should have taken it into town to sell to some clubbers!" Andy lol. So the sheepshead fish doesn't do any of that stuff. But it does have human teeth. Sheepshead fish are a common North American marine species that span from Cape Cod and Massachusetts through to Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Preferring coastal habitats around rock pilings, jetties, mangroves, reefs and piers, they can grow up to around 91 cm in length and weigh up to 9.6 kg. They have five to seven distinctive black, vertical bars running down their silvery bodies, which is why the sheepshead is also called the convict fish. And true to their name, sheepshead fish are notorious for stealing bait and somehow being in cahoots with the Joker . Look at these criminals. Credit: mentalblock_DMD; Flickr A fully-grown adult sheepshead will have well-defined incisors sitting at the front of the jaw, and molars set in three rows in the upper jaw and two rows in the lower jaw. It has strong, heavy grinders set in the rear of the jaw too, which are particularly important for crushing the shells of its prey. As with humans, this unique combination of teeth helps the sheepshead process a wide-ranging, omnivorous diet consisting of a variety of vertebrates, invertebrates and some plant material. Credit: Texas Parks and Wildlife Department When they’re young, sh


In Greek mythology, who was the King of Corinth, condemned to eternal punishment for deceitfulness to push a heavy rock up a steep hill which would always roll down again?

Sisuphos | Article about Sisuphos by The Free Dictionary Sisuphos | Article about Sisuphos by The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Sisuphos Also found in: Dictionary , Thesaurus , Wikipedia . Sisyphus (sĭs`ĭfəs), in Greek mythology, son of Aeolus and founder and king of Corinth. Renowned for his cunning, he was said to have outwitted even Death. For his disrespect to Zeus, he was condemned to eternal punishment in Tartarus. There he eternally pushed a heavy rock to the top of a steep hill, where it would always roll down again. Albert Camus' essay The Myth of Sisyphus is based on this legend. Sisyphus (religion, spiritualism, and occult) Sisyphus, asteroid 1,866 (the 1,866th asteroid to be discovered, on December 5, 1972), is approximately 7.6 kilometers in diameter and has an orbital period of 2.6 years. Sisyphus was a mythological figure whose punishment in the underworld was to roll a stone up a hill, only to have it roll back to the bottom, and then have to push it up the hill, over and over again for eternity. According to Martha Lang-Wescott, Sisyphus represents “determination; dogged persistence; to start over (again or anew); to repeat effort.” Jacob Schwartz gives this asteroid’s astrological significance as “determined action on hopeless or repetitive tasks, ‘returning to square one.’” This asteroid’s key phrase is “start over.” Sources: Lang-Wescott, Martha. Asteroids-Mechanics: Ephemerides II. Conway, MA: Treehouse Mountain, 1990. Lang-Wescott. Mechanics of the Future: Asteroids. Rev. ed. Conway, MA: Treehouse Mountain, 1991. Schwartz, Jacob. Asteroid Name Encyclopedia. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn Publications, 1995. Sisyphus   in Greek mythology, the son of Aeolus (the guardian of the winds) and the builder and king of Corinth. After his death, Sisyphus was condemned in Hades to roll a heavy stone up a hill, which, every time it nearly reached the top, rolled down again. Hence the expression “Sisyphean labor,” which signifies endless and ineffective hard work and torments. Various myths have been preserved that explain why such a severe punishment befell Sisyphus. According to one myth, he is tormented for having disclosed the gods’ secrets. Sisyphus was portrayed in ancient Greek dramas, including non-extant works by Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. He has been represented in modern literature (A. Camus, R. Merle) and in art (Titian). [23–1053–] Sisyphus   a genus of dung beetles whose black or brown body is 5-12 mm long. The legs are very long. The anterior tibiae are dentate, whereas the posterior tibiae are bent and lack denticles. There are 16 species, distributed mostly in the tropics of Africa and Asia. There is only a single species, S. schaefferi, in the USSR (southern region). Like the scarab, Sisyphus feeds on the excrement of animals, mostly ungulates. Before eating the dung, the beetle rolls it into small balls. Sisyphus man condemned to roll up a hill a huge stone which always rolls back before he gets it to the top. [Gk. Myth.: Brewer Dictionary, 1006]


Minsk, Belarus | Belarus.by Minsk city The Svisloch River and the Trinity Suburb, Minsk Minsk city is the capital of Belarus. It is the political, economic, scientific and cultural centre of the country and the administrative centre of the Minsk region. Minsk is the most economically developed city in Belarus. There are 1.959,8 million inhabitants in Minsk, and the population is constantly growing. Transportation network in Minsk Minsk is located on the main transportation routes connecting Western Europe and the East, regions of the Black Sea coast and the Baltic States. Highways connect Minsk with the largest cities in Belarus: Orsha, Vitebsk, Molodechno, Brest, Slutsk, Mogilev and Gomel. Minsk has a large railway network which connects Brest, Moscow, Vilnius and Gomel. There is a national airport in the capital. The city has a very good public transportation system . You can easily reach any place by bus, trolleybus or tram. Minsk, like most big European cities, has a fine metro system .  Industry in Minsk Minsk is a large industrial centre. The city produces 16% of the total volume of industrial output. Industry within the city is diverse in nature. The main branches are: food production


The tune to which pop song is used in the UK television advert ‘Confused.com’?

Our Adverts | Confused.com Our adverts Confused.com TV adverts The first Confused.com television advert aired in 2006. Since then we've worked on a number of campaigns to keep the Confused.com brand at the front of your minds. Here's the latest. James Corden - the Confused.com driver is back  Our driver - the effervescent James Corden - is back...to front! And back round again! After his charmed run of green lights, we now see him nailing the perfect park.  Email:  pressoffice@confused.com If your enquiry is time-critical, please write "URGENT" in your email subject line. If you would like a ring-back, please include your telephone number.  Driver wins at Confused.com. What is a driver win? At Confused.com, we champion drivers by celebrating their golden car-related moments. You know that good feeling you get when a car leaves an otherwise-packed car park, and you nab that space? That’s a driver win! And we’re all about the driver wins. Whether that’s a smooth run of green lights, belting out a guilty pleasure that comes on the radio, or saving money on your car insurance. We’d love to hear about your finest driving moments. Get in touch with us on Twitter or Facebook , and tell us about your #driverwins.


In which English palace was British politician Winston Churchill born?

Sir Winston Churchill Biography Often described as “the greatest living Englishman” during his life, Sir Winston Churchill was a British war leader, Prime Minister, author, and Nobel Prize winner. Military and political career Sir Winston Churchill’s military career is extensive. Born Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill on November 30, 1874 in Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire, England, Churchill’s military career began with his attendance of the Royal Military College in Sandhurst. He was commissioned in the Forth Hussars in 1895 and was in the Battle of Omdurman, later discussed in an essay. He left the British Army in 1899, then worked as a war correspondent during the Boer War, during which he was captured and subsequently escaped. Churchill had a great presence during both World Wars. He joined the War Council in 1914, and then served as the Minister of Munitions during the last year of war, overseeing the production of tanks, guns, and other sources of artillery. Later, from 1919-1920, he served as the Minister of War and Air. When World War II began, Churchill was called as the First Lord of the Admiralty then later went on to be the chairman of the Military Coordinating Committee in 1940. In the midst of World War II, on May 10, 1940, Churchill was appointed Prime Minister. While Prime Minister, he was often criticized for “meddling” in military affairs; however, he proved to be a great inspiration to the British people in their war-torn country. He also helped to form strong allies with the United States, working closely with President Roosevelt after Pearl Harbor, and with the Soviet Union. Writing career Churchill also had an impressive literary career, and won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1953. He started by writing military reports in the late 1800s for the army. The Story of the Malakand Field Force was published in 1898 and discussed campaigning in the Sudan and The River War, published in 1899, discussed the Battle of Omdurman. He also wrote a novel in 1900, called Savrola. He also wrote biographies; in fact, what is considered to be his first major work was a biography of his father, the aristocrat Lord Randolph Churchill. He also wrote a biography about the Duke of Marlborough, who was a distant ancestor of his. This was published in four separate volumes. In 1930, he published his own autobiography of his childhood and youth, My Early Life. Churchill also wrote extensively about the World Wars. His account of the first World War was entitled The World Crisis (written and published from 1923-1929) and spanned four volumes. His recollections of his experiences in World War II were comprised of six volumes (published in 1948-53). For these works, he won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1953. In 1956-1958, he published a 12-volume set of speeches, the History of the English-speaking Peoples. Churchill was also a painter and wrote a book entitled Painting as a Pastime, published in 1948. Personal life In 1908, Churchill married Clementine Ogilvy Hozier. His health began to deteriorate around 1946, when he suffered the first of a number of strokes. However, he was knighted in 1953, then retired completely from politics in 1955, although he still wrote a number of books. He died on January 24th, 1965. Sir Winston Churchill was a brilliant military leader and author during both World Wars.


Who wrote the 1884 novel ‘The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn’?

SparkNotes: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: Context The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Mark Twain Table of Contents Plot Overview Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens in the town of Florida, Missouri, in 1835. When he was four years old, his family moved to Hannibal, a town on the Mississippi River much like the towns depicted in his two most famous novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884). Clemens spent his young life in a fairly affluent family that owned a number of household slaves. The death of Clemens’s father in 1847, however, left the family in hardship. Clemens left school, worked for a printer, and, in 1851, having finished his apprenticeship, began to set type for his brother Orion’s newspaper, the Hannibal Journal. But Hannibal proved too small to hold Clemens, who soon became a sort of itinerant printer and found work in a number of American cities, including New York and Philadelphia. While still in his early twenties, Clemens gave up his printing career in order to work on riverboats on the Mississippi. Clemens eventually became a riverboat pilot, and his life on the river influenced him a great deal. Perhaps most important, the riverboat life provided him with the pen name Mark Twain, derived from the riverboat leadsmen’s signal—“By the mark, twain”—that the water was deep enough for safe passage. Life on the river also gave Twain material for several of his books, including the raft scenes of Huckleberry Finn and the material for his autobiographical Life on the Mississippi (1883). Clemens continued to work on the river until 1861, when the Civil War exploded across America and shut down the Mississippi for travel and shipping. Although Clemens joined a Confederate cavalry division, he was no ardent Confederate, and when his division deserted en masse, he did too. He then made his way west with his brother Orion, working first as a silver miner in Nevada and then stumbling into his true calling, journalism. In 1863, Clemens began to sign articles with the name Mark Twain. Throughout the late 1860s and 1870s, Twain’s articles, stories, memoirs, and novels, characterized by an irrepressible wit and a deft ear for language and dialect, garnered him immense celebrity. His novel The Innocents Abroad (1869) was an instant bestseller, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) received even greater national acclaim and cemented Twain’s position as a giant in American literary circles. As the nation prospered economically in the post–Civil War period—an era that came to be known as the Gilded Age, an epithet that Twain coined—so too did Twain. His books were sold door-to-door, and he became wealthy enough to build a large house in Hartford, Connecticut, for himself and his wife, Olivia, whom he had married in 1870. Twain began work on Huckleberry Finn, a sequel to Tom Sawyer, in an effort to capitalize on the popularity of the earlier novel. This new novel took on a more serious character, however, as Twain focused increasingly on the institution of slavery and the South. Twain soon set Huckleberry Finn aside, perhaps because its darker tone did not fit the optimistic sentiments of the Gilded Age. In the early 1880s, however, the hopefulness of the post–Civil War years began to fade. Reconstruction, the political program designed to reintegrate the defeated South into the Union as a slavery-free region, began to fail. The harsh measures the victorious North imposed only embittered the South. Concerned about maintaining power, many Southern politicians began an effort to control and oppress the black men and women whom the war had freed. Meanwhile, Twain’s personal life began to collapse. His wife had long been sickly, and the couple lost their first son after just nineteen months. Twain also made a number of poor investments and financial decisions and, in 1891, found himself mired in debilitating debt. As his personal fortune dwindled, he continued to devote himself to writing. Drawing from his personal plight and the prevalent national troubles of the d


The ptarmigan belongs to which bird family?

Rock ptarmigan Facts Rock ptarmigan Facts Rock ptarmigan Facts Rock ptarmigan is chicken-like bird that belongs to the grouse family. It can be found in Alaska, Canada, Iceland, Greenland, Scandinavia and Russia (in the areas near the Arctic circle). Rock ptarmigan inhabits open tundra, edges of the forests and rocky slopes. Rock ptarmigans are popular game birds in Labrador and Newfoundland and they represent important source of food for the locals in the Iceland. Thanks to strictly defined hunting season, rock ptarmigans are still numerous and widespread in the wild. Interesting Rock ptarmigan Facts: Rock ptarmigan can reach 12 to 16 inches in length and 15.5 to 22.6 ounces of weight. Females are covered with brown-grayish plumage. Males have white bellies and grey back. They also have ornamental red comb above the eyes that can be exposed or retracted. Both genders change the color of the plumage into white during the winter. Rock ptarmigan has short, dark bill, thick body and short, square-shaped tail. Legs and feet of rock ptarmigan are covered with feathers to facilitate walking on the snow and prevent loss of body heat during the winter. Black lines around eyes function like sunglasses which decrease solar radiation. Rock ptarmigan spends most of its time on the ground. It occasionally flies short distances to find food. Diet of rock ptarmigan is based on leaves, buds, berries, twigs and flowers. Insects are the major source of food for the young birds. Natural enemies of rock ptarmigans are arctic foxes, ermines, arctic skuas, glaucous gulls, golden eagles and snowy owls. Mating season of rock ptarmigan takes place during the spring. Males postpone molting of white feathers until the end of the mating season so that females can quick identify them in the brown surroundings. Males become territorial during the breeding season. They leap into the air, flap their wings and produce loud croaking calls to announce occupation of a territory. Males expose red comb above eyes, spread their tails and circle around females during the courtship. Unlike males, females are nearly invisible during the mating season. They can be detected only from a distance of 6 feet thanks to well camouflaged plumage. Female lays 3 to 13 eggs in the nest on the ground. Incubation of eggs lasts 3 weeks. Male does not take part in the incubation of the eggs and rearing of chicks. Chicks are born covered with dense feathers. They are ready to leave the nest 6 to 12 hours after hatching. Rock ptarmigans develop adult plumage after 10 to 12 days. Soon afterwards, they learn to fly. Rock ptarmigans are ready for the independent life at the age of 3 months. They start to reproduce couple of months later (at the age of 6 months). Rock ptarmigans can survive 3 to 4 years in the wild. Related Links:


What Makes A Map Beautiful, According To A Parks Ranger | Co.Design | business + design What Makes A Map Beautiful, According To A Parks Ranger A national parks ranger and self-proclaimed cartomaniac shares favorites from his extensive map collection. 01 /10 [Cover Photo: Daniel Burka via Unsplash ] Recent posts Follow The Life Of Plastic In Photos, From The Factory To The Ocean This Company Is Challenging Apple's Design Empire With A $129 Computer William Gibson's "Neuromancer" Gets A Cover Made With--What Else?--Code Everything Is Awful So Let's All Escape To This Treehouse For Grown-Ups John Brownlee 06.28.16 7:00 AM Clambering in the back of a van or station wagon and driving with your folks to your nearest national park used to be a summer tradition. Certainly, it was for Matt Holly, who grew up to be a national park's ranger. "I come from a family that loved visiting national parks," he says. "There was just something about driving through that park entrance and having the ranger hand you a map. You made it. You're here now. Let's have some fun." Holly's obsession with National Park Services (NPS) maps is why he set up NPMaps , a website that serves as a resource for high-resolution downloads of all the national parks maps he can find, as Citylab recently pointed out. The official map for every national park is designed at Harpers Ferry Center according to the agency's Unigrid guidelines, which were created by no lesser designer than the legendary Massimo Vignelli . But those aren't the ones Holly's really fascinated with: It's the regional maps created by the local rangers themselves, with highly specific goals unique to their parks. We asked Holly to share some of his favorite National Park Services maps, along with his favorite design details. Here's what he said about them. Death Valley Map (California) "One feature I particularly enjoy on some of the newer maps is the use of a mask to highlight the park area compared to the surrounding terrain. Notice how in the Death Valley map, it shows the topography both inside and outside the park, yet the park is still easy to distinguish and really jumps off the page. This is a great example of realistic coloring." Hawaii Volcanoes and Glacier Bay Maps "Note how Hawaii Volcanoes labels historic lava flows with dates; Glacier Bay includes dates showing the past extent of the park's glaciers. These small details add a lot—Hawaii now seems much more alive, with new lava flows occurring all the time, and Glacier Bay helps us learn how climate change is impacting our parks." The Haleakala Exhibit Map (Hawaii) "Just as Hawaii Volcanoes does a great job of showing the context around the park and showing how the park fits into the larger island landscape, this Haleakala exhibit map is one of my favorites. Different maps have different purposes; clearly this map is not meant to help visitors navigate around the park, but instead shows visitors the geography and geology of Maui and how the park fits into the landscape. This is much more effective than a simple top-down outline for teaching visitors about Maui." Harpers Ferry National Historical Park Maps (West Virginia) "It's not just big natural parks that get the love; take a look at the set of maps included in the Harpers Ferry National Historical Park brochure. First, the zoomed-out view shows the entire extent of park lands and the surrounding topography, and the Lower Town map identifies and labels the park's historic structures. Anyone can read and navigate this map even if they've never read a map before." The Great Sand Dunes (Colorado) and White Sands (New Mexico) Maps "A couple other personal favorites include some sand dune parks, Great Sand Dunes and White Sands. What do visitors always want to know when visiting these parks? 'Why is there all this sand here?' Both maps include simplified diagrams drawn onto the landscape to show how wind and water interact to help form the dunes. And in both maps, realistic colors and topography make it much easier for visitors to orient themselves compared to using a flat monochrom


Juliana was the queen of which European country between 1948 and 1980?

Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands, 1948-1980 World         War II On May 12, 1940, two days after the German         occupation had started, Princess Juliana and her         two daughters fled to England. After a month they         went to Canada, but before they left England         Princess Irene was christened at the chapel of         Buckingham Palace. Queen Wilhelmina and Prince         Bernhard stayed in London and travelled to visit         the family in Ottawa, Canada, a few times during         the war. From Canada, the Princess undertook         several travels to Suriname and the Dutch         Antilles. Shortly before Princess Juliana's third child         Margriet was born on January 19, 1943, the         Governor General of Canada, Alexander Cambridge,         granted Royal Assent to a special law declaring         Princess Juliana's rooms at the Ottawa Civic         Hospital as extraterritorial so that the child         would have exclusively Dutch, not dual,         nationality. Had these arrangements not occurred,         Princess Margriet would have been excluded from         the line of succession. Soon after the war ended,         Princess Juliana expressed her gratitude to         Canada by sending the city of Ottawa 100,000         tulip bulbs. In 1946, she donated another 20,500         bulbs, with the request that some of them be         planted at the grounds of the Ottawa Civic         Hospital. At the same time, she promised Ottawa         an annual gift of tulips during her lifetime to         show her lasting appreciation for Canada's         war-time hospitality; Ottawa has hosted the         Canadian Tulip Festival in celebration of this         gift every year since. Although the Netherlands was liberated in May         1945, and Princess Juliana had already visited         The Netherlands soon afterwards, she and her         children did not officially return until August         2, 1945. During her first return, she helped in         several aid projects for the Dutch people, and in         the spring of 1946 she and her husband visited         several countries that had helped the Netherlands         during the German occupation. The couple's last         child, Marijke Christina was born on February 18,         1947. Reign Princess Juliana acted as regent for her         mother from October 14 to December 1, 1947, and         from May 14 to August 30, 1948. On September 4,         1948, Queen Wilhelmina abdicated in favor of her         daughter, who was formally inaugurated as Queen         Juliana at the New Church in Amsterdam two days         later. Juliana's first major act as queen was to sign         an act of state granting independence to Indonesia (formerly Dutch West Indies), which she did at         Dam Palace in Amsterdam on December 27, 1949. On the night of January 31, 1953, the         Netherlands was hit by the most destructive storm         in more than five hundred years. Thirty breaches         of dunes and dikes occurred and many towns were         swept away by twelve-foot tidal waves. More than         two thousand people drowned and tens of thousands         were trapped by the floodwaters. Dressed in boots         and an old coat, Queen Juliana waded through         water and slopped through deep mud all over the         devastated areas to deliver food and clothing to         devastated areas. Other major events during her reign included         creation of the Benelux customs union, Dutch         accession to the North         Atlantic Treaty Organization , and the signing


Oedema is the technical term for which medical condition?

Oedema - NHS Choices Oedema  Oedema   Oedema is a build up of fluid in the body which causes the affected tissue to become swollen. The swelling can occur in one particular part of the body or may be more general, depending on the cause. Fluid can accumulate under the skin – most commonly causing swelling of the lower legs and ankles – or in one of the body's internal organs, such as the lungs. As well as swelling or puffiness of the skin, oedema can also cause: skin discolouration areas of skin that temporarily hold the imprint of your finger when pressed (known as pitting oedema) aching, tender limbs Oedema is most common in the feet and ankles. This is known as peripheral oedema. Other types of oedema include: cerebral oedema – affecting the brain pulmonary oedema – affecting the lungs macular oedema – affecting the eyes Idiopathic oedema is a term used to describe cases of oedema where a cause can't be found. Causes of oedema It's normal to have some swelling in your legs at the end of the day, particularly if you've been sitting or standing for long periods. Oedema is often a symptom of an underlying health condition. It can occur as a result of the following conditions or treatments: Immobility and standing for long periods are the two most common causes of oedema in the legs. Other possible causes include: a leg injury or leg surgery burns to the skin Treating oedema Oedema is often temporary and clears up by itself. For example, if you've been standing up for too long on a hot day, your ankles may swell up until you get the chance to put your feet up and rest. If oedema doesn't go away by itself, see your GP. They'll try and find out if there's an underlying cause which needs to be treated. This could involve taking medication or following some advice, such as: taking regular exercise , such as walking , swimming  or cycling raising your legs three to four times a day to improve your circulation avoiding standing for long periods of time If an underlying condition is causing the fluid imbalance, it should clear up after the condition has been diagnosed and treated. Lymphoedema Lymphoedema is swelling in the legs caused by a blockage in the lymphatic system, or an inherited condition. The lymphatic system consists of a series of lymph nodes (glands) connected by a network of vessels (lymphatics), similar to blood vessels. Fluid surrounding body tissues usually drains into nearby lymph vessels so it can be transported back into the blood. However, if the lymph vessels are blocked, the fluid can't be reabsorbed and will build up in the tissue. Unlike oedema, lymphoedema is a long-term condition that can cause discomfort, pain and a loss of mobility. It can't be cured, but it can be controlled using a number of treatments, including:


Composer Joseph-Maurice Ravel was born in which country?

Maurice Ravel Maurice Ravel Birth to Conservatory 1875-1899                Maurice Ravel was born in 1875 in Ciboure, a small village in the Basque region of France, separated from the city of Saint-Jean-de-Luz by the Nivelle River. The first thirty-five years of the life of his mother, Marie Delouart, are a near-total blank. She was apparently born in the Basque region and spent some time in Spain, where she met Ravel's father. Biographers found that locals of Saint-Jean-de-Luz did nor recall her being born there, and Manuel de Falla praised her knowledge of Spanish, which indicates that he did not take her to be a natural speaker of the language. But she would sing Spanish folk songs to Maurice, and these were a later inspiration for his work.     Basque and Spanish women usually married young, but Marie apparently did not. A romanticizing biographer, Victor Seroff, suggested that Marie might have had children before she met and married Joseph Ravel, or a secret life as a "gypsy or even a smuggler": "A woman who wanted to hurt the composer," he says, "once told him his mother's true age. Ravel was so horrified that for a long time he could not get over it." And when Seroff asked Ravel's brother, Edouard, for information about his mother's early years, Edouard said that he "saw no reason why [Seroff] should talk about their mother in a book about his brother." In any case, Ravel's mother was a violent agnostic, atypical of her time and place. As a widow, she was urged by a woman friend in Saint-Jean-de-Luz to come to church and pray; Marie said that she'd rather "be in hell with her family than in heaven all alone."     When Ravel enlisted in the army during World War I, he described his mother as a "monster" who wanted to hold onto her sons and not let them enlist to fight for their country. But, he added, she was a "monster" he loved. In spite of, or perhaps because of, her blasphemies and obscure past, Ravel was a confirmed mama's boy. The pianist Robert Casadesus recalled that his first sight of Ravel, in the early years of the century, was at a concert, tenderly holding the arm of his aged mother, helping her to her seat.     French biographers commonly assert that the fathers of great men were also great. Maurice Ravel's father, Joseph, was affectionate, with a highly developed love for music and culture, and he did not object when his son embraced an artistic career, despite the family's lack of money. Joseph Ravel was not quite the inventing genius he has been portrayed as. He tinkered with inventions in the pioneer days of automobile construction, but his most notable project was also his biggest failure. "The Whirlwind of Death," a loop-the-loop designed for circuses and auto shows in 1906-07, was displayed at Barnum and Bailey's Circus, but it flopped either because of a fatal accident, as one story has it, or because its wooden framework was destroyed in a hurricane in Iowa in September 1907.     Joseph was born in Switzerland, and earlier branches of the family bear variants of the name on public records: But for the chance slip of a Swiss notary's pen, we might be speaking today of Boléro by Ravet or Ravex. A fantastic etymology of Ravel as a so-called Jewish name deriving from Rabbele [sic] was apparently invented by Roland-Manuel as a joke and was long afterward repeated by gullible biographers. In 1873 Joseph Ravel went to Spain as a civil engineer for a railway-construction job in the New Castille province, and there he met and married the composer's mother. After Maurice was born, another son was added to complete the family in 1879; the rather faceless Edouard was the composer's only brother. By then the family had moved to Paris, where Joseph was, as ever, seeking his fortune in industrial schemes.     The Ravel family moved frequently around Paris, trying out humble, if strenuous, business affairs. Workaholism ran in the family: After the deaths of his parents, Edouard Ravel moved into the home of his employers at a small auto-parts factory, Mr. Bonnet, and his wife. Edouard was traumatized in body


In football, which British goalkeeper was known as ‘The Cat’?

Great football goalkeepers | Goalkeepers are Different Home Gordon Banks Considered by many to be the greatest goalkeeper of all time, Gordon Banks will forever be remembered for his save from Pele's header during the 1970 World Cup Finals. Yet those who saw Banks play knew he was capable of repeating such a feat on a cold December afternoon when all that was at stake was two points. He wasn't just great - he was consistently on top of his game and a Banks' mistake was very rare indeed. First capped at the age of 25, he was the first England goalkeeper to play more than 33 times and the first to keep more than ten clean sheets. During his career he established a number of records at international level for England that remained until Peter Shilton came onto the scene. But Shilton was unable to capture all of Banks' records. Banks still holds the England record of seven clean sheets in a row, which was finally ended by Eusebio's late penalty in the semi-finals of the 1966 World Cup, and he played in 23 consecutive internationals without defeat between 1964-67. And of course, he is still the only English goalkeeper ever to win a World Cup Winners medal. However, Gordon Banks' success on the international stage was not mirrored domestically. He seemed destined to miss out on Cup glory until finally winning the League Cup with Stoke City in 1972, having twice been a losing FA Cup Finalist with Leicester City during the 1960s. He didn't have much luck with injury either. He missed a vital World Cup Quarter Final against West Germany in 1970 when he was struck down by a bad bottle of beer of all things the night before and his career was brought to an untimely end after he lost an eye in a road accident. He turned to coaching before temporarily resurrecting his career in the North American Soccer League. Peter Shilton One of the great, driven players, Peter Shilton set out to become the best goalkeeper of all time. Legend has it that on being told he might not make the grade because he wasn't tall enough, Shilton went home and began a training regime that involved spending hours at a time hanging from the stairs in attempt to add inches to his frame. He wanted it that badly. England's most capped player with 125 caps to his name, Shilton helped himself to a number of England goalkeeping records during his remarkable career - most matches, sixty-six clean sheets, captain fifteen times and second only in terms of age and length of career to Stanley Matthews. He's also England oldest ever captain, leading the team out at the age of 40 for the Third Place play-off vs. Italy in 1990. He played in the final stages of the World Cup 17 times - a British record - and kept 10 clean sheets, also a record. He went 499 - some say 500 - minutes without conceding a goal, overtaken only by Italy's Walter Zenga. One of the few records he missed out on was Gordon Banks' record of seven consecutive matches without conceding a goal - but he came mightily close, twice reaching six games in a row. Domestically, he won the League title with Nottingham Forest in 1978 and also enjoyed a couple of League Cup triumphs. He won two European Cups during his spell at the City Ground and was voted Man of the Match in the second of these when he single handedly kept Kevin Keegan's SV Hamburg at bay in 1980. He also made over 1000 league appearances, achieving his personal millennium milestone when he turned out for Third Division Leyton Orient in 1998. He played for nine clubs in total - Leicester City, Stoke City, Nottingham Forest, Southampton, Derby County, Plymouth Argyle, Wimbledon, Bolton Wanderers and Leyton Orient before finally hanging up his boots. But for England managers Don Revie, who only picked him three times, and Ron Greenwood, who employed an oddball rotation when it came to selecting either him or his great rival Ray Clemence, who knows how many caps Shilton could have won. One of the true greats. Lev Yashin Famed for always wearing a distinctive all-black strip when playing, Yashin is one of the few goalkeepers who could genuinely challeng


Which city has the largest port in Europe?

The 10 Largest Ports in Europe - Europeish.com Europe Travel Blog - Capturing the Beauty of a Continent The 10 Largest Ports in Europe Written by: europeish | (2) comments Several centuries ago, the Europeans were the first to sail their ships across the entire world. The economies of the Vikings, the English, the Dutch, the Portuguese and the Spaniards got enormous boosts because of their large ports and sailsmanship. A lot has changed since then. Eight of the ten largest ports in the world are now to be found in China, but Europe still has quite a few very large harbors. Data via American Association of Port Authorities . 1. Rotterdam (the Netherlands) This Dutch harbor was the largest in the world, until Shanghai and Singapore grew even larger in 1986. This satellite photo gives an indication of the size of the Port of Rotterdam. (Image via Mannlines ) 2. Antwerp (Belgium) About an hour and a half to the south of Rotterdam is Antwerp, the largest port in Belgium. It’s around the same size as the harbor of Houston, which is the second-largest port in the USA. (Image via S.Goovy ) 3. Hamburg (Germany) The German city of Hamburg may be nearly 50 miles from the coast, the river Elbe has allowed it to grow to be the third port in Europe.


Pyrosis is the medical tern for which common complaint?

Definition of Pyrosis Definition of Pyrosis Take the GERD Quiz Pyrosis: A technical term for what is popularly called heartburn , a burning sensation in the upper abdomen. In many languages there is a technical term such as pyrosis and a popular term for the same phenomenon. For example, pyrosis is popularly known in French as br�lure epigastrique and in Spanish as ardor de est�mago. Pyrosis is the Greek word meaning burning. Last Editorial Review: 6/14/2012


The Oaks horse race is run at which British race course?

Epsom Derby - The greatest flat race in the world The Greatest Flat Race in the World Ladies' Day Saturday 4th June Friday 2nd June 2017 The vibrant atmosphere, roaring laughter and thundering hooves of top quality racing are what make the Investec Derby Festival an unmistakably British event and The Greatest Summer Celebration. Rain or shine, every year on the first Friday of June, a multitude of ladies and gents head to Epsom Downs Racecourse to experience a day full of high octane racing, music, glamour and fashion. Across the Queen’s Stand to The Hill there is an air of excitement all round. Dressed to impress, Ladies in the Queen’s Stand and Duchess’s Stand are invited to enter the Style Awards with the promise of not only taking the title but going home with some superb prizes. With a series of six races throughout the day and post racing DJ set in the Hyperion Bar it’s a day to mark the start of your summer. Ladies' Day 2016 Highlights Family Enclosure – Adult + car park pass Prices from £15 Great British Hamper (for 2) Prices from £215 Great British Picnic (for 2) Prices from £165 Duchess’s Stand Private Box Prices from £Please Enquire Queen’s Stand Private Boxes Prices from £Please Enquire Access to our Premier Enclosure Access to our premier bars and catering facilities Viewing of the Parade Ring and Winners' Enclosure. Entry into the Queen's Stand, our premier enclosure at Epsom Downs, located on the finish line with a prime view of the straight and Winners' Enclosure. Please note that a strict dress code applies for this enclosure.   Access to our Premier Enclosure Access to our premier bars and catering facilities Viewing of the Parade Ring and Winners' Enclosure. Entry into the Queen's Stand, our premier enclosure at Epsom Downs, located on the finish line with a prime view of the straight and Winners' Enclosure. Please note that a strict dress code applies for this enclosure.   Entry into our largest enclosure which combines superb viewing with a relaxed atmosphere. Access to viewing of the Parade Ring and Winners' Enclosure. A guaranteed seat for the whole day in our purpose built stand. A guaranteed seat for the whole day in our largest enclosure, with stunning views of the finishing straight and access to viewing of the Parade Ring and Winners' Enclosure.   Entry into our largest enclosure which combines superb viewing with a relaxed atmosphere. Access to viewing of the Parade Ring and Winners' Enclosure. A guaranteed seat for the whole day in our purpose built stand. A guaranteed seat for the whole day in our largest enclosure, with stunning views of the finishing straight and access to viewing of the Parade Ring and Winners' Enclosure.   Entry into our largest enclosure which combines superb viewing with a relaxed atmosphere. Access to viewing of the Parade Ring and Winners' Enclosure. Our largest enclosure, with stunning views of the finishing straight and access to viewing of the Parade Ring and Winners' Enclosure.   Entry into our largest enclosure which combines superb viewing with a relaxed atmosphere. Access to viewing of the Parade Ring and Winners' Enclosure. Our largest enclosure, with stunning views of the finishing straight and access to viewing of the Parade Ring and Winners' Enclosure.   Trackside viewing in the final furlong U18s FREE Opposite the main stands the Lonsdale Enclosure is the grass enclosure where you can get right up the rails to see the horse thunder past. This is a very popular enclosure as you’re right in front of the all the action in the stands. Food and drink for own consumption can be taken into this area. There are catering, betting and toilet facilities in this enclosure. U18s FREE Trackside Viewing U18s FREE One of the faster growing enclosure is the Upper Tattenham Enclosure. With a trackside view all the way down to the pivotal Tattenham Corner, betting facilities and opportunity see the event in front of you it represents excellent value. Food and drink for own consumption can be brought into this area. There are catering, betting and toilet facilities in


Turkey, Clover, Nadler and Gutter are all terms used in which game?

Bowling Terms  - 2017 Bowling Terms Browse through team names to find funny team terms and cool team terms. Check out our complete list of bowling terms. Are you looking for the best bowling  team name? Find the perfect funny term for your bowling. Bowling Terms   2017   (Go) off the sheet: To end a game with many consecutive strikes. ("He can go off the sheet for a 259 game." See "Strike out"; comes from long ago when bowling was scored on paper.) Also "Go to the wall." (to bowl a) Stewart: A Perfect game of 12 strikes continuously. /: Symbol for a spare. 300 game: A perfect game of 12 strikes in a row. 300 game jinx: It is customary when someone starts a game with a string of strikes not to mention the possibility of scoring 300, which would "jinx" the player. 5 Bagger (Yahtzee and Dropping the Nickel): A 5 bagger is five strikes in a row. Other nicknames for it is Yahtzee and Dropping the Nickel. ABC: American Bowling Congress; official rule-making body for ten pin bowling for its members in the US, Canada, Puerto Rico and US military bases worldwide; founded in 1895 and headquartered in Greendale, Wisconsin, 5301 S. 76th Street 53129. Absentee: See Blind Action: Motion of the pins caused by the bowler's technique; generally, the combination of accuracy, rotation (also see), and other factors, causing pin motion which is horizontal, rather than vertical, since a horizontally spinning pin covers more of the lane. Address: Bowler’s starting position. All the way: Finishing a game with nothing but strikes. Alley: playing surface, made of maple, pine or urethane boards; urethane lanes are becoming more popular than wood American Bowling Congress (ABC): The world's largest sports organization and the official rule-making body of tenpin bowling. Anchor: In league play, this is the person bowling last on the team. This is usually the best bowler on the team, and/or the bowler considered to be the coolest under pressure. Angle: The direction in which the ball travels when going into the 1-3 pocket, 1-2 for left hand bowlers. Apple: 1) Bowling ball; 2) bowler who fails to come through in a clutch situation. (choke) Approach: The space before the foul line, approximately 15 feet. Can also refer to the steps the bowler takes before delivering the ball over the foul line. Armswing: The arc of the bowling arm and hand from the first move toward the line until the delivery of the ball over the line. Arrows: Aiming points embedded in the lane. These seven arrows (usually red or black, but may be other colors) are used for targeting. (darts) Automatic foul detector: Light beam at the foul line which sounds an alarm if the bowler's foot crosses it. Penalty for doing so is loss of pins for that ball; the bowler shoots at a new rack of ten pins (which counts as a spare if all are knocked down). (foul, foul line) Automatic Pinsetter: First used in the 1940s, the original editions took note of the pins left, swept the entire area, and reset the pins for the spare. This invention is credited for the great bowling boom of the 1950s; the inventor received $1 million from AMF. Average: This is a method for a bowler to compare their skill against other bowlers. The average is computed by adding the total score from multiple games, then dividing by the number of games bowled. Baby ball: To throw too delicate or release too carefully. Baby ball, Baby the ball: Too delicate, not enough emphasis on delivering the ball with authority; released too carefully. Baby split BABY SPLIT: This is a split that occurs when the 2 & 7 pins or the 3 & 10 pins only remain after the bowlers first throw. This is considered to be the easiest splits to pick up. Baby split with company: The 2-7-8 or 3-9-10. Back end: The last 15–20 feet of the lane, where the ball is supposed to develop the most friction (due to lack of oil) and hook into the pocket. Back ends: The last 6 feet of the lane. Backup: A ball that falls to the right for right-hand bowlers and left for left-hand bowlers. Backup alley: A lane that holds or tends to stop


Cricketer Herschelle Gibbs was born in which country?

Herschelle Gibbs | South Africa Cricket | Cricket Players and Officials | ESPN Cricinfo T20 Profile Herschelle Gibbs, who once owned up, with perverse pride, to never having read a book, has essayed enough incendiary innings to fill a fat volume and, in the field, cut down many a batsman with all the electric grace of an enraged poet. Though he might not bother with many more words than yes, no, wait, and mine, Gibbs inspires superlatives from those who marvel at his appetite for the spectacular. Ordinary he is not. Gibbs has played some of the most outrageous strokes yet seen. How many other batsmen practice, seriously, cutting fast bowlers for six? Or drive throat balls down the ground? Or make pulling off the front foot look everyday? That goes for whether he is batting in the middle of the order or at the top, and whether the ball is old or new. Gibbs has put all that together so many times that he can't be accused of being some charlatan who deals in fluke and luck. He did so in the grandest of manner at the Wanderers in 2006 to score 175 off 111 balls and help South Africa clinch a one-day series against Australia. The battleground scenes of this extraordinary match, that delivered totals of 434 for four and 438 for nine, swirled all about. But Gibbs batted with the glee of a teenager armed with his father's credit card in a strip club. Pressure? That's what other people feel. When South Africans wondered who would replace Jonty Rhodes as a fielder of the most predatory type, Gibbs answered the call. However, not all of the superlatives attached to him are positive, for when too much talent trips over itself, demons often also lurk. Alas, so it is with Gibbs. He is perhaps as gifted as any sportsman can be. He is also as poorly equipped for the trials of daily life as any human being can safely be. Dark tales of marijuana smoking, drunk driving and match-fixing have blotted his career. Gibbs is about as close as cricket has come to producing a punk rocker, a figure who veers too close to self-destruction too often for the likes of those who prefer their cricketers unblemished by the real world. They can rest assured, because Gibbs' time at the top is nearing its end. A first-class career that began when he was just 16 is now into its 20th summer. As his 40s loom, he may even pick up a book or two. Telford Vice


The Athabasca oil sands are large deposits of heavy crude oil located in which country?

World of Change: Athabasca Oil Sands : Feature Articles google earth view large Buried under Canada’s boreal forest is one of the world’s largest reserves of oil. Bitumen—a very thick and heavy form of oil (also called asphalt)—coats grains of sand and other minerals in a deposit that covers about 142,200 square kilometers (54,900 square miles) of northwest Alberta. According to a 2003 estimate, Alberta has the capacity to produce 174.5 billion barrels of oil. Only 20 percent of the oil sands lie near the surface where they can easily be mined, and these deposits flank the Athabasca River. The rest of the oil sands are buried more than 75 meters below ground and are extracted by injecting hot water into a well that liquefies the oil for pumping. In 2010, surface mines produced 356.99 million barrels of crude oil, while in situ production (the hot water wells) yielded 189.41 million barrels of oil. Since then, oil sands production has outpaced conventional oil production. While conventional oil has held steady, oil sands output has gone up from 1 million barrels per day in 2005 to 2.4 million barrels per day in 2015. These images from Landsat satellites show the growth of surface mines over the Athabasca oil sands between 1984 and 2016. The Athabasca River runs through the center of the scene, separating two major operations. To extract the oil at these locations, oil producers remove the sand in big, open-pit mines, which are tan and irregularly shaped. The sand is rinsed with hot water to separate the oil, and then the sand and wastewater are stored in “ tailings ponds,” which have smooth tan or green surfaces in satellite images. The process of extracting oil from the sand is expensive. It takes two tons of sand to produce one barrel of crude oil. Great Canadian Oil Sands opened the first large-scale mine in 1967, but growth was slow until 2000 because the global cost of a barrel of oil was too low to make oil sands profitable. The images above show slow growth between 1984 and 2000, followed by a decade of more rapid development. The first mine (from 1967, now part of the Millennium Mine) is visible near the Athabasca River in the 1984 image. The only new development visible between 1984 and 2000 is the Mildred Lake Mine (west of the river), which began production in 1978, and was expanded in 1996. After 2000, the price of oil began to climb, and investment in oil sands became profitable. The Millennium Mine expanded east of the Athabasca River, and the Steepbank Mine was developed in the east. The Mildred Lake Mine also shows evidence of growth. It is a trend that is likely to continue since permits have been approved to expand mines in this region. The large images include a view of additional mines developing to the north. Oil sand mining has a large impact on the environment. Forests must be cleared for both open-pit and in situ mining. Pit mines can grow to more than 80 meters depth, as massive trucks remove up to 720,000 tons of sand every day. As of September 2013, roughly 895 square kilometers (345 square miles) of land had been disturbed for oil sand mining. Companies are required to restore the land after they have finished mining. In this series of images, the large tailings pond from the 1967 mine was gradually drained and filled in. The mining companies pledged to plant grasses on the site. Satellite imagery shows greening after 2011. Tailings ponds contain a number of toxins that can leak into the groundwater or the Athabasca River. The mining and extraction process releases sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and fine particulate matter into the atmosphere. Both water and air pollution could pose a health hazard, but an independent panel of experts found no definite connection between the mines and specific illnesses as of December 2010. The panel warned, however, that the mines may impact health as they expand over coming decades. Because it takes energy to mine and separate oil from the sands, oil sands extraction releases more greenhouse gases than other forms of oil production. The mines s


Disco Volante is the name of Emilio Largo’s yacht in which James Bond film?

Disco Volante | James Bond Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Weight 100 tons The Disco Volante is a fictional ship in the James Bond novel Thunderball (novel) (1961) and its 1965 film adaptation of the same name. It was a hydrofoil craft owned by Emilio Largo , an agent of SPECTRE . A luxurious craft, it was decked out with sleeping quarters, living areas and many other luxuries. It was purchased with SPECTRE funds for £250,000. The craft plays a pivotal role in the seizure and transportation of two nuclear warheads. It is a high-tech ship that possesses a number of smaller underwater submarine craft. The crew in the movie wear shirts that say "M.Y. Disco Volante". The "M.Y." presumably stands for the ship prefix "Motor Yacht." Contents Novel appearance Film appearance The Disco Volante was used primarily for the seizure and transportation of two nuclear warheads stolen from a hijacked Vulcan bomber. As part of SPECTRE 's plan, the Vulcan bomber would fly to the prearranged rendevous point with the Disco Volante and make a difficult landing on water, using the underwater landing lights which had been set up nearby. Frogmen would then recover the warheads and return to the ship through its underwater hatch. Once onboard, the bombs would be relocated to an atoll hiding place; awaiting the time when Largo would return with the Disco Volante to move the weapons to their target: Miami. In the movie adaptation of Thunderball, the ship is destroyed during a pitched battle between Largo and Bond. With no one at the helm and the steering jammed, the ship ran aground at full speed and burst into flames. The Disco Volante consisted really of two vessels, a front hydrofoil and a rear attached "cocoon", this enabled the hydrofoil to be detached and move independently at high speed. It included an underwater hatch for loading the bombs and giving access for divers. Behind the scenes The real craft used in the film was a hydrofoil ferry, The Flying Fish, built by Rodriquez Cantieri Navali, who had built the first successful one at Freccia del Sole. The "cocoon" was built on set. It was purchased for the film for $500,000 and brought from Puerto Rico to Miami for refitting and refurbishment. The hydrofoil never sailed again after the filming. It was rented as a stationary houseboat, docked at a marina on Miami's MacArthur Causeway, until it sank at the dock in the early 1980s. Unofficial appearances The Kingdom 5KR. In the non-Eon Productions 1983 James Bond film Never Say Never Again, the ship was renamed The Flying Saucer, the English translation of Disco Volante, and owned by Maximillian Largo . In real life, the 282-foot yacht that was used in long shots for the film was known as the Nabila and was built for Saudi billionaire Adnan Khashoggi. The yacht was later sold to Donald Trump, who renamed it Trump Princess. Later Trump sold it to Prince Alwaleed bin Talal bin Abdul Aziz al Saud, who renamed it the Kingdom 5KR. These days Kingdom 5KR can usually be found in Antibes, France or cruising the French Riviera during the summer months. Gallery


Who wrote the 1952 book ‘The Borrowers’?

The Borrowers by Mary Norton, Beth Krush, Joe Krush |, Paperback | Barnes & Noble® "As people, other people, living in a house who...borrow things?" Mrs. May laid down her work. "What do you think?" she asked. "I don't know," Kate said, pulling hard at her shoe button. "There can't be. And yet"-she raised her head-"and yet sometimes I think there must be." "Why do you think there must be?" asked Mrs. May. "Because of all the things that disappear. Safety pins, for instance. Factories go on making safety pins, and every day people go on buying safety pins and yet, somehow, there never is a safety pin just when you want one. Where are they all? Now, at this minute? Where do they go to? Take needles," she went on. "All the needles my mother ever bought-there must be hundreds-can't just be lying about this house." "Not lying about the house, no," agreed Mrs. May. "And all the other things we keep on buying. Again and again and again. Like pencils and match boxes and sealing wax and hairpins and drawing pins and thimbles-" "And hat pins," put in Mrs. May, "and blotting paper." "Yes, blotting paper," agreed Kate, "but not hat pins." "That's where you're wrong," said Mrs. May, and she picked up her work again. "There was a reason for hat pins." Kate stared. "A reason?" she repeated. "I mean-what kind of a reason?" "Well, there were two reasons really. A hat pin is a very useful weapon and"-Mrs. May laughed suddenly-"but it all sounds such nonsense and"-she hesitated-"it was so very long ago!" "But tell me," said Kate, "tell me how you know about the hat pin. Did you ever see one?" Mrs. May threw her a startled glance. "Well, yes-" she began. "Not a hat pin," exclaimed Kate impatiently, "a-what-ever-you-called-them-a Borrower?" Mrs. May drew a sharp breath. "No," she said quickly, "I never saw one." "But someone else saw one," cried Kate, "and you know about it. I can see you do!" "Hush," said Mrs. May, "no need to shout!" She gazed downwards at the upturned face and then she smiled and her eyes slid away into distance. "I had a brother-" she began uncertainly. Kate knelt upon the hassock. "And he saw them!" "I don't know," said Mrs. May, shaking her head, "I just don't know!" She smoothed out her work upon her knee. "He was such a tease. He told us so many things-my sister and me-impossible things. He was killed," she added gently, "many years ago now, on the North-West Frontier. He became colonel of his regiment. He died what they call 'a hero's death'..." "Was he your only brother?" "Yes, and he was our little brother. I think that was why"-she thought for a moment, still smiling to herself-"yes, why he told us such impossible stories, such strange imaginings. He was jealous, I think, because we were older-and because we could read better. He wanted to impress us; he wanted, perhaps, to shock us. And yet"-she looked into the fire-"there was something about him-perhaps because we were brought up in India among mystery and magic and legend-something that made us think that he saw things that other people could not see; sometimes we'd know he was teasing, but at other times-well, we were not so sure...." She leaned forward and, in her tidy way, brushed a fan of loose ashes under the grate, then, brush in hand, she stared again at the fire. "He wasn't a very strong little boy: the first time he came home from India he got rheumatic fever. He missed a whole term at school and was sent away to the country to get over it. To the house of a great-aunt. Later I went there myself. It was a strange old house...." She hung up the brush on its brass hook and, dusting her hands on her handkerchief, she picked up her work. "Better light the lamp," she said. "Not yet," begged Kate, leaning forward. "Please go on. Please tell me-" "But I've told you." "No, you haven't. This old house-wasn't that where he saw-he saw...?" Mrs. May laughed. "Where he saw the Borrowers? Yes, that's what he told us...what he'd have us believe. And, what's more, it seems that he didn't just see them but that he got to know them very well; that he became part of t


‘The curfew tolls the knell of parting day’ is the first line of which poem?

453. Elegy written in a Country Churchyard. Thomas Gray. The Oxford Book of English Verse 453. Elegy written in a Country Churchyard    THE Curfew tolls the knell of parting day,     The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea,   The plowman homeward plods his weary way,     And leaves the world to darkness and to me.


Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher was Member of Parliament for which London borough?

Margaret Thatcher, Britain's first female PM, dead at 87 - CNN.com Margaret Thatcher, Britain's first female PM, dead at 87 By Richard Allen Greene, CNN Updated 9:49 PM ET, Mon April 8, 2013 Chat with us in Facebook Messenger. Find out what's happening in the world as it unfolds. JUST WATCHED The life and legacy of the 'Iron Lady' 03:40 Story highlights Thatcher, Britain's "Iron Lady," died after suffering a stroke Monday, her spokeswoman said She retired from public life in 2002 after a stroke As British PM from 1975 to 1990, she played a key role in ending the Cold War But Thatcher opposed reunification of Germany Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, a towering figure in postwar British and world politics and the only woman to become British prime minister, has died at the age of 87. She suffered a stroke Monday, her spokeswoman said. A British government source said she died at the Ritz Hotel in London. Thatcher's funeral will be at St. Paul's Cathedral, with full military honors, followed by a private cremation, the British prime minister's office announced. Thatcher served from 1975 to 1990 as leader of the Conservative Party. She was called the "Iron Lady" for her personal and political toughness. She retired from public life after a stroke in 2002 and suffered several strokes after that. Photos: Photos: Thatcher through the years Photos: Photos: Thatcher through the years Margaret Thatcher through the years – Margaret Thatcher , the first woman to become British prime minister, has died at 87 after a stroke, a spokeswoman said Monday, April 8. Known as the "Iron Lady," Thatcher, as Conservative Party leader, was prime minister from 1979 to 1990. Here she visits British Prime Minister David Cameron at 10 Downing Street in London in June 2010. Hide Caption 1 of 36 Photos: Photos: Thatcher through the years Margaret Thatcher through the years – Thatcher with her parents and sister Muriel in 1945. Thatcher, born Margaret Hilda Roberts in 1925, studied chemistry at Oxford University and worked as a research chemist before becoming a barrister in 1954. Hide Caption 2 of 36 Photos: Photos: Thatcher through the years Margaret Thatcher through the years – Conservative Party candidate Margaret Roberts, the youngest candidate for any party in the 1950 general election, works in a laboratory where she was a research chemist. Hide Caption 3 of 36 Photos: Photos: Thatcher through the years Margaret Thatcher through the years – The Conservative Party candidate for Dartford in Kent, England, meets some potential constituents in January 1950. Hide Caption 4 of 36 Photos: Photos: Thatcher through the years Margaret Thatcher through the years – Thatcher chats with a police officer outside the House of Commons, where she took a seat as a member of Parliament for Finchley in October 1959. Hide Caption Photos: Photos: Thatcher through the years Margaret Thatcher through the years – Thatcher addresses a Conservative Party conference in October 1967. Hide Caption 6 of 36 Photos: Photos: Thatcher through the years Margaret Thatcher through the years – Thatcher in 1970. Within five years, she would become leader of the Conservatives. Hide Caption 7 of 36 Photos: Photos: Thatcher through the years Margaret Thatcher through the years – Prime Minister Edward Heath with 13 of 15 newly elected Conservative women members of Parliament outside the House of Commons in June 1970. Thatcher became secretary of state for education and science under Heath. Hide Caption 8 of 36 Photos: Photos: Thatcher through the years Margaret Thatcher through the years – Thatcher plays the piano for her husband, Denis, and their twins, Mark and Carol, then 17, in September 1970. Hide Caption 9 of 36 Photos: Photos: Thatcher through the years Margaret Thatcher through the years – Thatcher takes over from Edward Heath as leader of the Conservative Party in 1975. Hide Caption 10 of 36 Photos: Photos: Thatcher through the years Margaret Thatcher through the years – Thatcher addresses Conservatives at the start of the 1979 election campaign. William Whitelaw,


A seismograph is an instrument which measures and records details of what?

seismograph - definition of seismograph in English | Oxford Dictionaries Definition of seismograph in English: seismograph An instrument that measures and records details of earthquakes, such as force and duration. Example sentences ‘Noaa would record the earthquake on seismographs and issue bulletins about the progress of a tsunami.’ ‘A series of digital seismographs installed around the volcano provide a continuous stream of data to the observatory.’ ‘Each country affected by the disaster is to set up a tsunami warning centre to receive information from the pressure gauges, seismographs and wave sensors that will survey the ocean basin.’ ‘Just as a scientist reads a seismograph to measure movements in the ground, the character of a government can be judged by the way it treats the most disadvantaged layers of society.’ ‘Tremors had been recorded in 1908 on a seismograph 4,000 kilometers west of St. Petersburg.’ ‘Later, earthquake seismographs were developed that recorded digitally, and today virtually all modern seismic recordings are digital and thus involve some sort of signal processing.’ ‘This is similar to seismologists using seismographs on Earth to detect earthquakes.’ ‘Richter, who worked in southern California, using data from seismographs - which measure earth movement - devised a method to calculate where an earthquake began, or its epicenter, and its magnitude.’ ‘What comes out of the laboratory and what is measured in the real world by surface seismographs leaves a gap.’ ‘Aftershocks continued for several years, and small earthquakes still waggle seismographs in the region.’ ‘Since there were no seismographs operating in Alaska at that time and no reports of surface faulting in the remote Alaska Range, the location of the 1912 shock is poorly known.’ ‘Eventually the parties agreed on a strict monitoring plan relying on seismographs and strain gauges to assess the effect on the structure as crews installed the caissons.’ ‘All told, 1,200 seismographs - including 800 borrowed from the United States - are being used in the $423,000 project.’ ‘The seismographs recorded the waves from that earthquake and from magnitude 2.1 and 2.8 earthquakes beneath the Cascade Mountains, even though the shaking was too small to be felt by residents.’ ‘A seismograph at Ferris High School showed the trembling lasted for more than 30 seconds with two distinct spikes in intensity.’ ‘With more earthquakes, more and better seismographs recording quakes, and more comprehensive compilations of seismic data, seismologists are sharpening their view of the African plume.’ ‘Traditional seismographs record straight-line movements, for example shaking, whereas ring lasers measure rotational movements like rolling or twisting.’ ‘A series of digital seismographs around the volcano provide a continuous stream of data to the observatory in Goma.’ ‘Old-style seismographs recorded the jiggling of an earthquake on a rotating drum.’ ‘The observatory contained a seismograph to record mining tremors, an evaporation pan and a device to record lightening strikes which are particularly virulent on the Witwatersrand.’ Pronunciation Which of the following is a type of wild cat? cheater Which of the following is a type of wild cat? Pallas's cat Which of the following is a type of wild cat? polecat Which of the following is a type of wild cat? ring-tailed cat Which of the following is a type of wild cat? manul Which of the following is a type of wild cat? hunting cat Which of the following is a type of wild cat? ounce Which of the following is a type of wild cat? bandicoot Which of the following is a type of wild cat? clouded leopard Which of the following is a type of wild cat? puna You scored /10 practise again? Retry Most popular in the world Australia


Who played Sir James bond in the 1967 comedy spy film ‘Casino Royale’?

Casino Royale (1967 film) | James Bond Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Casino Royale (1967 film) Share Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you’ve made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Herb Alpert & the Tijuana Brass (Composers, performers) Running Time: 131 minutes Casino Royale is a 1967 comedy spy film originally produced by Columbia Pictures starring an ensemble cast of directors and actors. It is set as a satire of the James Bond film series and the spy genre, and is loosely based on Ian Fleming 's first James Bond novel . The film stars David Niven as the original Bond, Sir James Bond 007 . Forced out of retirement to investigate the deaths and disappearances of international spies, he soon battles the mysterious Dr. Noah and SMERSH . The film's slogan: "Casino Royale is too much… for one James Bond!" refers to Bond's ruse to mislead SMERSH in which six other agents are designated as "James Bond", namely, Baccarat master Evelyn Tremble ( Peter Sellers ), millionaire spy Vesper Lynd ( Ursula Andress ), Bond's secretary Miss Moneypenny ( Barbara Bouchet ), Bond's daughter with Mata Hari , Mata Bond ( Joanna Pettet ), and British agents "Cooper" ( Terence Cooper ) and "The Detainer" ( Daliah Lavi ). Charles K. Feldman , the producer, had acquired the film rights and had attempted to get Casino Royale made as an EON Productions Bond film; however, Feldman and the producers of the Eon series, Albert R. Broccoli and Harry Saltzman , failed to come to terms. Believing that he could not compete with the Eon series, Feldman resolved to produce the film as a satire. [1] Contents Plot Overview The story of Casino Royale is told in an episodic format and is best outlined in "chapters". Val Guest oversaw the assembly of the sections, although he turned down the credit of "co-ordinating director". [2] Opening sequence Evelyn Tremble/James Bond 007 ( Peter Sellers ) and Inspector Mathis meet in a pissoir (public urinal), where Mathis presents his credentials—in a shot suggesting a display of Mathis' genitals, and setting the tone of the film by satirizing the dramatic opening sequences in the Eon Bond films. Plot summary Sir James Bond , a legendary British spy who retired from the secret service 50 years previously, is visited by the head of British MI6 , M , CIA representative Ransome, KGB representative Smernov, and Deuxième Bureau representative Le Grand. All implore Bond to come out of retirement to deal with SMERSH who have been eliminating agents: Bond spurns all their pleas. When Bond continues to stand firm, his mansion is destroyed by a mortar attack at the orders of M, who is, however, killed in the explosion. Bond travels to Scotland to return M's remains to the grieving widow, Lady Fiona McTarry. However, the real Lady Fiona has been replaced by SMERSH 's Agent Mimi. The rest of the household have been likewise replaced, with SMERSH ’s aim to discredit Bond by destroying his "celibate image". Attempts by a bevy of beauties to seduce Bond fail, but Mimi/Lady Fiona becomes so impressed with Bond that she changes loyalties and helps Bond to foil the plot against him. On his way back to London, Bond survives another attempt on his life. Bond is promoted to the head of MI6. He learns that many British agents around the world have been eliminated by enemy spies because of their inability to resist sex. Bond is also told that the 'sex maniac' who was given the name of 'James Bond' when the original Bond retired has gone to work in television. He then orders that all remaining MI6 agents will be named "James Bond 007", to confuse SMERSH . He also creates a rigorous programme to train male agents to ignore the charms of women. Moneypenny recruits "Coop", a karate expert who begins training to resist seductive women: he also meets an exotic agent known as the Detainer. Bond then hires Vesper Lynd, a retired agent turned m


What is Madame Bovary’s first name in the 1856 novel by Gustave Flaubert?

SparkNotes: Madame Bovary: Plot Overview Madame Bovary Context Character List Madame Bovary begins when Charles Bovary is a young boy, unable to fit in at his new school and ridiculed by his new classmates. As a child, and later when he grows into a young man, Charles is mediocre and dull. He fails his first medical exam and only barely manages to become a second-rate country doctor. His mother marries him off to a widow who dies soon afterward, leaving Charles much less money than he expected. Charles soon falls in love with Emma, the daughter of a patient, and the two decide to marry. After an elaborate wedding, they set up house in Tostes, where Charles has his practice. But marriage doesn’t live up to Emma’s romantic expectations. Ever since she lived in a convent as a young girl, she has dreamed of love and marriage as a solution to all her problems. After she attends an extravagant ball at the home of a wealthy nobleman, she begins to dream constantly of a more sophisticated life. She grows bored and depressed when she compares her fantasies to the humdrum reality of village life, and eventually her listlessness makes her ill. When Emma becomes pregnant, Charles decides to move to a different town in hopes of reviving her health. In the new town of Yonville, the Bovarys meet Homais, the town pharmacist, a pompous windbag who loves to hear himself speak. Emma also meets Leon, a law clerk, who, like her, is bored with rural life and loves to escape through romantic novels. When Emma gives birth to her daughter Berthe, motherhood disappoints her—she had desired a son—and she continues to be despondent. Romantic feelings blossom between Emma and Leon. However, when Emma realizes that Leon loves her, she feels guilty and throws herself into the role of a dutiful wife. Leon grows tired of waiting and, believing that he can never possess Emma, departs to study law in Paris. His departure makes Emma miserable. Soon, at an agricultural fair, a wealthy neighbor named Rodolphe, who is attracted by Emma’s beauty, declares his love to her. He seduces her, and they begin having a passionate affair. Emma is often indiscreet, and the townspeople all gossip about her. Charles, however, suspects nothing. His adoration for his wife and his stupidity combine to blind him to her indiscretions. His professional reputation, meanwhile, suffers a severe blow when he and Homais attempt an experimental surgical technique to treat a club-footed man named Hippolyte and end up having to call in another doctor to amputate the leg. Disgusted with her husband’s incompetence, Emma throws herself even more passionately into her affair with Rodolphe. She borrows money to buy him gifts and suggests that they run off together and take little Berthe with them. Soon enough, though, the jaded and worldly Rodolphe has grown bored of Emma’s demanding affections. Refusing to elope with her, he leaves her. Heartbroken, Emma grows desperately ill and nearly dies. By the time Emma recovers, Charles is in financial trouble from having to borrow money to pay off Emma’s debts and to pay for her treatment. Still, he decides to take Emma to the opera in the nearby city of Rouen. There, they encounter Leon. This meeting rekindles the old romantic flame between Emma and Leon, and this time the two embark on a love affair. As Emma continues sneaking off to Rouen to meet Leon, she also grows deeper and deeper in debt to the moneylender Lheureux, who lends her more and more money at exaggerated interest rates. She grows increasingly careless in conducting her affair with Leon. As a result, on several occasions, her acquaintances nearly discover her infidelity. Over time, Emma grows bored with Leon. Not knowing how to abandon him, she instead becomes increasingly demanding. Meanwhile, her debts mount daily. Eventually, Lheureux orders the seizure of Emma’s property to compensate for the debt she has accumulated. Terrified of Charles finding out, she frantically tries to raise the money that she needs, appealing to Leon and to all the town’s businessmen. Eventually, she ev