"Which musical instrument is known as a ""woodpile""?"

Basic Guide to Mallet Instruments – KT Percussion Ensemble Sheet Music A Teachers Guide to Mallet Percussion Instruments A Free Resource from K.T. Percussion Do you know the difference between a Xylophone, Vibraphone, Metallophone, and a Telephone? If you know all this stuff then this article probably isn’t for you! If you need some basic information for a school project or you are wondering how to help implement some mallet percussion in schools, then this article probably has some use for you! The Xylophone The Xylophone is the most common instrument of the mallet percussion family. The bars are usually made from Rosewood, although sometimes they are made from synthetic materials. The Xylophone has a high sharp, short sound, and is often used in Orchestral Music for this effect. The Xylophone is generally played with two mallets, but can be played with four. History The Xylophone has a long history, having developed simultaneously in a number of different cultures. Its actual origin is unclear, having been attributed to both Asia and Africa in time; the earliest written reference comes from Mali in the 14th century. The “Balafon” or African Xylophone has been played for centuries, and they range from a few simple slats of wood without resonators, to sophisticated framed instruments, with hollowed out gourds (a type of pumkin) used as resonators. African slaves took the instrument to South and Central America where it became known as the “Marimba”. Range The Xylophone is pitched one octave higher than it is generally written. The range sometimes varies from instrument to instrument, but the standard is: This is the written range. The notes will sound one octave higher than written. The range sometimes varies, with some instruments going down to the “C” one octave below middle C Listening listen to the way Saint-Saens used the Xylophone to represent the rattling of Bones in “Fossils” from “The Carnival of the Animals” Audio Powered by itunes – where you can legally download classical tracks like this one for 99c per track! Recommended Instrument for Schools Musser Xylophone Student Xylo Kits M41 (3 Octave) Finally – This is the instrument music teachers have been waiting for! This Musser Xylophone is a Student model Concert Xylophone. It is a LOT cheaper than the traditional Concert Xylophone, and it is a great alternative to the glockenspiel as a beginner instrument. This is a rosewood bar instrument, ideal for schools with more advanced percussion students. It is a semi-professional instrument model, which your school will be proud of, and it will produce a professional quality sound for many years. The Marimba The Marimba is the most popular solo instrument of the tuned percussion family. It has an extensive range and a warm tone colour. It is generally played with 4 Mallets, although it can be played with two, just like a Xylophone. It can be played with a range of mallets, usually yarn covered, but uncovered rubber is sometimes used for effect. Mallets that are too hard can crack the bars of a Marimba very easily. The modern instrument has developed from the Central American version of the African Xylophone, and is only approximately 100 years old. The bars are generally made from Honduras Rosewood, but it can be made from several other types of wood, which are all very rare and expensive!. The Marimba is the national instrument of Guatemala. The Mexicans also use Marimbas, but their instruments are a little different. They have elaborately decorated frames, and special resonators which have a membrane stretched over the end to give it a special “buzzing” tone quality. Range The range of the Marimba varies from 4 octaves to 5 octaves. The top note is almost always 3 Octaves above middle C, and the bottom note varies depending on how large the instrument is: Listening: Listen to some of the solo music of Keiko Abe, Evelyn Glennie and Leigh Howard Stevens. These musicians have performed a large amount of contemporary solo literature and classical transcriptions. Listen to an excerpt of a famous marimba solo here On th


Mandela's women by his side at end Email a friend NELSON Mandela died with the two main women of his life, wife Graca Machel, and the woman who he bitterly divorced in 1996, Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, at his side. As preparations are made to celebrate Nelson Mandela's life at memorial service in Johannesburg and a funeral service in the country's south, it has also been revealed that Mandela's personally nominated successor, grandson Mandla, thought to be excommunicated from the family, was also present. FAMILY SPEAKS OF GRAVE SADNESS South Africa's Sunday Times reported that Mandela died at 8.50pm on Thursday evening, local time, with the women, Mandla and his daughter, Makaziwe in the room. The paper said he was breathing on his own, without the support of a machine. Mandela's immediate family has remained largely out of sight since the death. Some members have been shamed by ugly claims of gold-digging. News_Image_File: Nelson Mandela married Graca Machel, his greatest love, in 1998 on his 80th birthday. Retired General Temba Templeton Matanzima, made the first public remarks on behalf of the family after Mandela died at his home in Houghton, Johannesburg, on Thursday evening, aged 95. "The pillar of the family is gone, just as he was away during that 27 painful years of imprisonment, but in our hearts and souls he will always be with us, his spirit endures," Mr Matanzima said on Saturday in Johannesburg. "As a family we commit ourselves to uphold and be guided by the values he lived for and was prepared to die for." DAY OF PRAYER FOR LOST MANDELA Soweto's 95-000-capacity FNB Stadium will be the site of a huge public memorial for world leaders and citizens on Tuesday, though there are doubts the stadium will be able to hold what is expected to be a much bigger crowd. News_Image_File: Nelson Mandela walks free from prison in February 1990 with his then wife Winnie by his side. As world leaders prepare to arrive in Johannesburg for the memorial service to Nelson Mandela, South Africans have already begun to celebrate his life, with thousands turning up outside the home where he died. News_Module: NND Mandela Pictures Multipromo The rolling informal event has been marked by joy rather than sadness as the country braces for what may be the biggest funeral event the world has seen. What has been described as a flood of world leaders, including President Barack Obama and Prime Minister Tony Abbott, along with a swathe of dictators who also revere Mandela, is set to cause a massive headache for South Africa's security forces. News_Image_File: Members of the ANC Women's League march and sing to celebrate the life of Nelson Mandela outside his old house in Soweto. Mandela's descendants have been accused of failing to live by his example, after grandson Mandla dug up the remains of three family members who were buried in Mandela's home village of Qunu on Eastern Cape and shifted them 20km south to his home village of Mvezo. This was part of a bigger plan by Mandla, who had built a hotel and museum in Mvezo, intending that it also be the resting place of his grandfather, despite Mandela's wish that he be buried in his home village of Qunu. News_Image_File: Nelson Mandela's grandson Mandla Mandela outside his grandfather's house in Soweto. A court ordered Mandla to return the bodies to Qunu and Mandela's final wishes to be buried there will be respected. Two of his daughters, including Makaziwe, have been accused through legal actions of trying to gain control of Mandela's wealth and to trying to profit on his name. People will have a chance to pay their last respects to him when his body will be transported in procession on Wednesday to the country's administrative capital, Pretoria, where it will lie in state before being flown by to Qunu for his funeral on Sunday. News_Image_File: Graca Machel and Nelsob Mandela attend the 2010 FIFA football World Cup final at the Soccer City stadium in Soweto.Graca Machel was seen briefly outside the Houghton residence on Sunday. She has not made any public statement as yet. Nor has Mandela's


Young Adolf (Book, 1978) [WorldCat.org] Beryl Bainbridge. Abstract: Paranoid, wilful, lazy, the young Adolf Hitler turns up in Liverpool to stay with his brother Alois and his sister-in-law Bridget. He soon irritates his family beyond measure by his constant sponging and his tendency to get into serious trouble with the English.  Read more... Reviews Add a review and share your thoughts with other readers. Be the first. Add a review and share your thoughts with other readers. Be the first. Tags Add tags  for "Young Adolf". Be the first. Similar Items


"Which musical instrument is known as a ""gob-stick""?"

Musical Instruments – Music Around The World July 28, 2016 muacbbif Uncategorized 0 Music itself is a special word that has it own complete meaning. It is best and precious creation of human being, which rejuvenate ourselves and touch our soul. Due to its high impact on people, it is capable of breaking the boundaries to unit people from different heritage and backgrounds. This is the pleasant sound which gives ear-soothing effects. Music also have healing power, it can relax our tense muscles of body. If you want to show or express your feelings in the front of someone special then you can take the helping hand of music because it is a source for everyone to tell their mood and feelings. There are a huge range of musical instruments, all are played with different methods and give pleasant sounds. Each instrument has unique power and sound that mesmerize not only people infact animals too. With the advancement in technology many new instruments have coming up each day with perfect sound. Basically five types of instruments are found around the world these are as following: 1) Aerophones 4) Chordophones 5) Electronic Instruments 1) Aerophones: These are the instruments that generate music through vibration of air. Types of Aerophones are as followings: a) Recorders: It is the woodwind instrument.It is one of the duct flute which is popular in western classical tradtion. It has thumb hole for the upper hand and seven finger holes. These are available in different sizes which produce different vocal ranges. Soprano, Alto, Tenor and Bass are the types of recorders. b) Panpipes: It is also called syrinx or pan flutes. It is wind instrument having the cane pipes or flutes of different length, they are tied together in the form of bundle by wax or cord. Each pipe providing a different note. c) Clarinets: It is the younger woodwind instrument. It has single reed. They are bigger than a recorder. It is made of generally with black grenadilla wood, silver plated keys and having cylinderical bore. d) Saxophones: It is also the part of woodwind musical instrument. Made of brass and its single reed mouthpiece. Which is similar to the clarinet. Basically used in classical music. The players are known as saxophonists. e) Oboes: It is double reed woodwind instrument. Its played in soprano or treble rangle commonly. In this instrument sound is produced by blowing into the reed. f) Bassoons: Its double reed in the form and plays music written in the bass. g) Bagpipes: It is the aerophone instrument having enclosed reeds. In this form air is reservoir in the bag. It gives melody sounds everytime. h) Trumpets: This one is the popular instrument used in classical and jazz ensembles. In ancient time it was used as signaling device for battle and haunting. i) Mouth organs: It is another aerophone device. It is free reed in form. It can be commonly found around the world. j) Whistle Flutes: It is reedless instrument comes under the woodwind group. The sound is produced by blowing the air across an opening. Commonly find in India. Moreover Tubas, Cornets, Bugles, Organs, Concertinas, Trombones, End-Blown, Side-Blown, Horns are the types of aerophones. 2) Idiophones: These are the instruments which are made of material and create natural sounds. Following are the types of idiophones: a) Tapping Feet: It is one type of instrument where sound is produced with tapping feet. It is common and easily feel in our daily life. b) Clapping Hands: Since our childhood we feel this sound and it is the common type of instrument. Joining of our two hands give perfect sound. c) Stamping Sticks: You can also hear this type of sound by stamping the sticks. d) Steel Drums: These are also known as steelpan. Musician of this instrument is called pannists. This is invented in Trinidad and Tobago. e) Slit Drums: Its not a drum but a idiophone carved from bamboo or wood. These have number of slits in this instrument. f) Xylophones: In this type the wooden bars is usually struck by mallets. It gives melodic voice ranges. Besides all above Gongs, Bells, Cymbals, Castanets


The Truth that Set Michael Reagan Free The Truth that Set Michael Reagan Free By Shannon Woodland and Scott Ross The 700 Club CBN.com  The Michael Reagan who is heard on over 200 radio stations coast-to-coast everyday is a force to contend with in the world of conservative politics. “People forget that before I was Ronald Reagan’s son, I was Jane Wyman’s son,” Michael Reagan tells Scott Ross of The 700 Club. “She was the big deal in the ‘40s and ‘50s. It wasn’t until my dad got into politics and did the Barry Goldwater speech that people said, ‘Oh, that’s Ronald Reagan.’ So I went from being Jane Wyman’s son to Ronald Reagan’s son.” Michael was the son of Hollywood elite. From all appearances, he led a charmed life. But you know the old saying: appearances can be deceiving. Jane Wyman and Ronald Reagan divorced in 1948. That meant boarding school for six-year-old Michael and his older sister Maureen. “All of us so-called ‘rich kids’ and ‘lucky kids’ [whose] parents were rich and famous would be dropped off at 7:00 Sunday night and not picked up ‘till two weeks later one a Friday and taken home to be back Sunday night at 7:00,” he says. “If you could stand outside our dorm at Chadwich, you would literally hear us all crying ourselves to sleep at night.” Michael was adopted, but his mother had always called him “chosen.” At school, he told another student that he was special. “He comes back to me, ‘You were not chosen; you’re illegitimate,’” he recalls. “So the kids started teasing me in school that I wasn’t a real Reagan. I was the ‘Bastard Reagan,’ the illegitimate Reagan.” Young Michael didn’t know the meaning of the word, so he looked it up in his mother’s Bible. He says, “So it took me to Deuteronomy 32:2. All the illegitimate children and their children until the 10th generation will never enter the kingdom of Heaven. I closed the Bible. This is like 1951. [I] didn’t reopen the Bible until 1978.” Michael was miserable. When his mother realized that the children needed more time with her, she moved Michael and Maureen to a new school. Because Jane spent so much time filming, Michael and Maureen attended an after-school program. “It was there I learned to throw a baseball, to throw a football, to trampoline... It was there I was getting affirmation as a little kid. I was being told how wonderful I was, how good I was, that I was loved, that I was cared about. What nobody knew at the time was that I was being set up for sexual abuse by a pedophile.” A simple yo-yo competition and a winner’s patch convinced eight-year-old Michael to trust a man who in turn destroyed Michael’s innocence. Michael says, “Now he owned me and started the process of sexually molesting me three days a week for the rest of the year. Even though I knew it was wrong, I couldn’t put my mind to it. Who do I tell? I had no relationship with my parents to be able to tell them. I felt that I was doing something terribly, terribly wrong.” His abuser was a photographer. What he did next almost destroyed Michael’s life. “He had three pans of liquid. He’d move the paper from the first pan to the second pan to the third pan. What came up in the third pan was a photograph of the Santa Monica mountains. To this little eight-year-old, it was magic. He said, ‘Would you like to do one of these?’ I said yes, so he gave me the tongs, grabbed my right arm and moved the paper from the first pan to the second pan to the third pan. What came up in the third pan was a nude photograph of me. He put his hand on my right shoulder and said, ‘Wouldn’t your mother like to have a copy?’” As far as Michael was concerned, his life was over. “I will never forget that photograph, because it changed my life,” Michael admits. “I knew I had to get away from my mother. I had to get away from God. I thought God had abandoned me, and I knew then I was going to hell. I was going to do everything I could on my own recognizance. I wanted to get there earning my own way. “I’m angry. I’m frustrated. People think I should be a success, but I’m afraid of it. I worry, if I becom


Who was the Archbishop of Canterbury at the time of Edward VIII's abdication?

The madness of King Edward VIII: Shocking letters hidden for 76 years reveal Archbishop accused Monarch of insanity, alcoholism and persecution mania - and forced him into abdication crisis | Daily Mail Online The madness of King Edward VIII: Shocking letters hidden for 76 years reveal Archbishop accused Monarch of insanity, alcoholism and persecution mania - and forced him into abdication crisis comments He was the first celebrity Archbishop – a man of the cloth who enjoyed the trappings of power. Intelligent and charismatic, Cosmo Gordon Lang baptised the Queen and was a close friend of the Queen Mother. He became the first Archbishop of Canterbury to broadcast to the nation and is even credited with inventing the royal walkabout. But now a darker side to the Archbishop has emerged, with newly discovered Lambeth Palace archives revealing that he betrayed King Edward VIII – the Monarch he was supposed to serve – and orchestrated the Abdication crisis. Plotter: Cosmo Lang, pictured with Edward in 1936, stooped to blackmail and rumour-mongering, falsely alleging that the King was mentally ill and an alcoholic Lang colluded with the editor  of The Times to threaten Edward over his affair with divorcee  Wallis Simpson. He stooped to blackmail and rumour-mongering, falsely alleging that the King was mentally ill and an alcoholic. RELATED ARTICLES Share this article Share And in a hand-written letter delivered by a footman to No 10 – a document described as the ‘smoking gun’ – Lang told Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin that Edward must go immediately. He wrote: ‘I understand that you are seeing him tonight; and doubtless you would make this plain.’ It has long been assumed that the two leading figures chiefly responsible for pushing Edward from office in 1936 were Baldwin, and the editor of The Times, Geoffrey Dawson. But an Essex vicar, the Rev Dr Robert Beaken – who interviewed the late Queen Mother and spent hours looking through dusty files in Lambeth Palace – has established that the puppetmaster was Lang. Scandal: The Archbishop had a boundless dislike of the 'playboy Prince', as Edward, right, had been described, after the Royal's affair with divorcee Wallis Simpson, left, Dr Beaken, who uncovered the archives during his research for a book, says Lang was no mere ‘bystander’ in the crisis. ‘The papers show that Lang pressurised Baldwin to ensure that the King went, and went swiftly,’ he says. 'According to Dr Beaken, parish priest of St. Katharine’s, Little Bardfield,  although the Archbishop felt some sympathy for the ‘playboy prince’, as Edward had been described, he feared that the new King's behaviour would impact on the future of the monarchy.' First he colluded with Baldwin and Dawson to ensure that Edward received a clear threat: his affair with Mrs Simpson would be exposed in public unless the King abdicated. The relationship was seen as scandalous by the establishment, threatening a constitutional crisis,  and no details were reported in the domestic press – though it was becoming widely reported abroad. Uncovered: Archbishop Lang's 'smoking gun' secret letter to the Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin The Archbishop’s private secretary records in his diary that: ‘Lang had some talk with Geoffrey Dawson. It seems to be agreed that Baldwin must take action quite soon in order to clear the air. Dawson is prepared to come out with an utterance in The Times if necessary.’ Baldwin authorised the delivery of a letter warning the King of their intentions. Then, in the face of continuing public support for Edward, Lang attempted to blacken the King’s name. A devastating private letter was sent to Dawson that said: ‘My dear Dawson, I have heard from a trustworthy source that His Majesty is mentally ill and that his obsession is due not to mere obstinacy but to a deranged  mind. More than once in the past he’s shown symptoms of persecution-mania. This, even apart from the present matter, would lead almost inevitably to recurring quarrels with his ministers if he remained on the throne.’ Lang al


Which Belgian city was the site of the first battle between Britain and Germany in World War I?

Visit Belgium World War I LIEGE After the 1870-71 war between Germany and France, the idea of building fortifications to guards the borders and  the major roads grew in neutral Belgium. Between 1880 and 1890 following the project of General Brialmont, 21 forts were erected on the Meuse river, 12 in Liege and 9 in Namur. On August 5th, 1914, the Battle of Liege started and ended the 16th when the last fort finally surrounded. Fort de Loncin :It has remained in the same condition since the dreadful explosion that destroyed it on the evening of August 15, 1914. The visitor will get an acurate picture of the living conditions and the lack of comfort prevailing in the forts in 1914. The museum, open in 1996, has a large collection of items and a 1914 armament (a 57-mm cannon) Open everyday except Mondays from 2:00 to 6:00 pm in July & August with guided visits at 2:00 pm on Sundays Open every Saturday and Sunday from 2:00 to 6:00 pm from April to June, September & October Open every Sunday from 2:00 to 6:00 pm from October to April Fort de Barchon : Due to command problems and the threat of asphyxia of the garrison (after having been only a few hours under attack), it was the first one to concede defeat. During the visit two aspects are particularly noticeable, the change of the military architecture since the late 19th century, as well as the paintings and wall decorations made by the soldiers. The tower of the ventilation shaft can be visited. The Fort de Barchon is located 5,6 miles from Liege in Barchon (Rue du Fort) Open the second sunday of the month at 2:00 pm from April to November (c) Peter Clermonts MONS Mons was the site of the first battle fought by the British Army in World War I on August 23th and 24th, 1914. The British were forced to retreat and the town was occupied by the Germans, until its liberation by the Canadian Corps during the final days of the war. Museum of Military History: Large collection of artifacts like headwear, gas masks, weapons, and uniforms from different countries. St. Symphorien Military Cemetery Very unusual War Cemetery with the graves of German, British and Canadian soldiers. The cemetery was started by the Germans in 1914 to bury their own troops and some British troops. The cemetery was then expanded when the British advanced in 1918. It is the resting place of the last Commonwealth casualties of WWI.


'Petruchio' appears in which play by Shakespeare?

Chicago Shakespeare Theater:   The Taming of the Shrew adapted and directed by Rachel Rockwell A Look Back at The Taming of the Shrew in Performance Though readers and scholars never lost sight of Shakespeare's text since it was first published in the first Folio in 1623 (at least 30 years after it was first seen on stage), the stage history of The Taming of the Shrew has been less faithful to Shakespeare's text. Shakespeare's play was popular at least into the 1630s when it was printed again as a separate "quarto"—the equivalent to our paperback books. John Fletcher, Shakespeare's successor as the resident playwright for the King's Men, offered a sequel to Shrew that he called The Woman's Prize or the Tamer Tamed, in which Petruchio suffers "taming" by his second wife, Maria, who uses sexual denial to challenge his views of marriage. Between 1663 when Shakespeare's version of The Taming of the Shrew last appeared on London's stage as an "old revival," and 1844, when it was finally restaged in its original, Shakespeare's text disappeared in performance for 181 years. Its story, however, remained popular and was borrowed and adapted frequently by other playwrights. In 1663, following the reopening of London's theaters—and a failed revival of A Midsummer Night's Dream—the King's Company made a final attempt to produce a Shakespearean comedy, using an adaptation of Shrew written by an actor named John Lacy. Renamed Sauny the Scot and set in London, this adaptation excluded the Christopher Sly Induction, and portrayed Grumio as a stereotypical Restoration Scotsman. Fifty-three years later in 1716, Charles Johnson produced a farcical version, The Cobbler of Preston, in which Christopher Sly would become the hero of this tale. David Garrick, the famous actor and director of London's Drury Lane, returned to an abbreviated version of Shakespeare in his Catherine and Petruchio, first produced in 1754. Garrick's play, which eliminated Christopher Sly, Bianca, and her suitors completely, remained popular for more than a century, serving as a "star piece" for famous lead actors. An opera written in 1828 was based on Garrick's rendition of the story, not Shakespeare's—by then long silenced. It was not until Benjamin Webster revived Shakespeare's text in 1844 that The Taming of the Shrew reclaimed its place in live performance—but still it competed against Garrick's adaptation for the next 40 years. Shrew was considered the Birmingham Repertory Theatre's most successful experiment in presenting Shakespeare in modern dress. In addition to the modern costumes, the 1928 production featured press photographers and a movie camera in the wedding scene, and a young Laurence Olivier in a small role. Here in the United States, the play has evolved its own unique history. Shrew was the first Shakespearean film with sound to be made in America. It starred Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford—the leading couple in 1929. In 1930 the famous husband-wife acting duo, Alfred Lunt and Lynne Fontanne, toured The Taming of the Shrew throughout the United States. The production included a clown band, dwarves and acrobatics. It is commonly held stagelore that the offstage relationship of the couple, as witnessed by stagehand-turned-producer Saint Subber, was the inspiration for the Cole Porter musical Kiss Me, Kate. Shakespeare's text takes a backseat in the musical adaptation in which a divorced couple, cast as Kate and Petruchio, push each other's buttons throughout the rehearsals for a play. In the twentieth century, The Taming of the Shrew proved as popular as it was controversial. Franco Zeffirelli created his famous version for the screen in 1967, starring Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton. Like Pickford and Fairbanks before them, Taylor Kathryn Grayson and Howard Keel in the 1953 movie, Kiss Me, Kate and Burton were the most famous Hollywood couple of the mid- Sixties; their tumultuous off-screen relationship brought new levels of ferocity to their on-screen battles. This work, like Zeffirelli's Romeo and Juliet, is characterized by the relatio


"Which British commanding officer in his final message to his troops from Luneberg Heath, in May 1945 concluded with the words ""We have won the German war, let us win the peace""?"

Uncovered: The world's only colour pictures of Germans' World War Two surrender... taken by a clerk hiding behind a tree | Daily Mail Online Uncovered: The world's only colour pictures of Germans' World War Two surrender... taken by a clerk hiding behind a tree comments The only colour photographs of the German surrender of World War Two have emerged 64 years after being taken by a lowly clerk who hid behind a tree. Crafty Ronald Playforth covertly captured one of the most historic events of the 20th century after sneaking into a clump of trees overlooking the scene of the surrender. With his camera, he snapped Field Marshall Bernard Montgomery greeting the highest ranking officers of the remains of Hitler's Third Reich outside his HQ tent. War is over: This distant colour snapshot from behind a hedge records the moment the German high command came to surrender to Montgomery in the spring sunshine on Lunerburg Heath on May 3, 1945 signalling the end of the war Although defeated and just days after the Fuhrer's suicide, the never-seen-before photos show the German officers looking immaculate yet menacing in their long overcoats and jackboots. Until now the only images of the momentous occasion in existence are the official black and white ones held by the Imperial War Museum. Mr Playforth kept hold of his pictures along with a handwritten speech Montgomery wrote in March 1945 to rouse British soldiers ahead of a final push into Germany. The historic items have remained in Mr Playforth's family ever since but have now been made public for the first time as they are being sold at auction. Andrew Aldridge, of Henry Aldridge Auctioneers of Devizes, Wilts, said: 'Playforth knew he was about to witness one of the most important events of the 20th century. 'He was of too low a rank to be present so he crept into the trees and bushes on the perimeter of the HQ tent and took four photographs using colour slides. 'As far as we know these are the only colour photographs to capture this historic event, all the others are black and white. 'Being in colour they add a third dimension to the event and bring it alive.' In 1944 Ronald Playforth was a staff sergeant major and became Montgomery's clerk and was at his side from D-Day until the end of the war. In May 1945 he was stationed at Montgomery's HQ at Luneburg Heath, near Hamburg, when the Nazi high command arrived to sign the papers for the surrender of the German armies in Europe. Under cover: Ronald Playforth secretly took four unique colour slide pictures as the Nazi officers, who at well over 6ft tall, all towered over their adversaries as they agreed terms SSM Playforth made himself scarce and darted into the woods just 30 yards from the men. His pictures show Admiral Hans Georg von Friedeburg, the most senior member of the delegation, General Eberhard Kinzel, chief of staff of the north west Germany army, and Major Friedl, a 6ft 6ins Gestapo chief. They depict the Nazis being received by Montgomery, who was wearing his customary black beret and army uniform, before they entered the tent to sign the surrender forms. The day before Montgomery had laid down the terms of unconditional surrender to the same delegation at the same place. Black and white: The surrender at Luneburg Heath, the historic moment when leaders of the German forces in northwest Europe surrended to Field Marshall Bernard Montgomery When the Germans tried to negotiate, he reportedly gave them a 'tongue lashing' about the bombing of Coventry and the horrors of Belsen. The delegation reported back to their HQ and Admiral Karl Doenitz - Hitler's successor - and were given permission to sign the surrender papers, which they did the next day, May 4. When it was all over Montgomery is said to have leaned back and said simply: 'That concludes the surrender.'  Two of the German delegation - Kinzel and Friedeburg - committed suicide weeks later by taking cyanide while Friedl died in a car accident. After the war SSM Playforth left the army and worked in local government before working in a managerial role at ICI. He die


What was the name of the first million pound winner on 'Who Wants To Be A Millionaire'?

Judith Keppel | Who Wants To Be A Millionaire Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Who Wants To Be A Millionaire Wiki 18-20 November 2000, 6-9 September 2003 Money won £1,000,000, £32,000 Judith Cynthia Aline Keppel (born 18 August 1942) [1] , a garden designer from Fulham, was a contestant on series 8 of the UK version of the show on 18, 20 November 2000. She was the first British contestant to win £1,000,000. Later she appeared on September 6 and 9 on 2003 with David Seaman and won £32.000. Contents Edit Judith is the granddaughter of Walter, 9th Earl of Albemarle. Her great-grandfather, the 8th Earl was brother-in-law of Alice Keppel, the mistress of King Edward VII and was the great-uncle of Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall. [2] The Duchess of Cornwall is therefore her third cousin. WWTBAM Run Starting with the earliest, put these British prime ministers in order. • A: Anthony Eden • C: Harold Macmillan • D: Winston Churchill From the 8 remaining contestants, only Judith (with a time of 8.00 seconds) correctly answered D-A-C-B, making it into the Hot Seat. Judith's Run to the Million £100 (1 of 15) - Not Timed Complete the saying: 'As sick as a…'? • A: Partridge £200 (2 of 15) - Not Timed Which legal document states a person's wishes regarding the disposal of their property after death? • A: Would £300 (3 of 15) - Not Timed Complete the title of the James Bond film: 'The Man With the…'? • A: Golden Tooth £500 (4 of 15) - Not Timed Which of these fruits shares its name with something superior or desirable? • A: Apricot £1,000 (5 of 15) - Not Timed In which sport do two teams pull at opposite ends of a rope? • A: Tug of war £2,000 (6 of 15) - Not Timed Where would a cowboy normally put his 'chaps'? • A: On his head £4,000 (7 of 15) - Not Timed Which of these zodiac signs is not represented by an animal that grows horns? • A: Taurus £8,000 (8 of 15) - Not Timed Sherpas and Gurkhas are native to which country? • A: Russia £16,000 (9 of 15) - Not Timed Prime Minister Tony Blair was born in which country? 'Ask The Audience' lifeline used • A: England Ask the Audience Results: A: 19% • B: 12% • C: 53% • D: 16% The klaxon called time and Judith would return on £16,000 with 2 lifelines still available. £32,000 (10 of 15) - Not Timed Whose autobiography has the title 'A Long Walk To Freedom'? • A: Ranulph Fiennes £64,000 (11 of 15) - Not Timed Duffel coats are named after a town in which country? '50:50' lifeline used £125,000 (12 of 15) - Not Timed Complete this stage instruction in Shakespeare's 'The Winter's Tale': 'Exit, pursued by a …'? 'Phone-A-Friend' lifeline used • C: Bear • D: Dog Judith did not know, so she decided to call her friend Jilly, who was 100% sure it was Bear. She decided to go with her and won £125,000. £250,000 (13 of 15) - Not Timed The young of which creature is known as a 'squab'? • A: Salmon £500,000 (14 of 15) - Not Timed Who is the patron saint of Spain? • A: Saint James £1,000,000 (15 of 15) - Not Timed Which king was married to Eleanor of Aquitaine? • A: Henry I Edit On the 6th and 9th September 2003 Judith returned to the hot seat as part of the 5th Birthday special, playing with former goalkeeper David Seamen and winning £32,000 to share between their charities after answering the £64,000 question incorrectly. Keppel now appears on the quiz show Eggheads, where she and six other quiz champions are pitted against members of the public. Trivia Edit There was speculation at the time that the win was fixed so that ITV would draw ratings away from BBC One which was showing the last episode of One Foot in the Grave in the same timeslot. However, the ITC cleared Celador and ITV of the allegations. Judith Keppel's win was broadcast just over one year after John Carpenter 's run (19 November, 1999), the first American contestant to claim the million dollar prize on the U.S. version of the show and the first contestant anywhere in the world to answer all questions correctly and claim the top prize. Judith Keppel is so far the only female contestant to win the top prize in the UK version of the show. Judith Kep


Which country is South East Asia has a red rectangular flag surmounted by a gold star?

Flags in movies This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website Flags in movies Flags in books Akaoneko ("Goodbye Japan") I saw a poster for a Japanese movie that seems to contain a fictitious flag. The film is called, in English, "Goodbye Japan" (the Japanese title, written all in hiragana, appears to be "Sayonara Jippon," with the second word apparently being a phonetic transcription of the English word "Japan", in place of the Japanese Kanji normally used for the name of the country). The film seems to be about a man who moves to a small Japanese island, southwest of Okinawa, near Taiwan, and becomes the ruler of his own tiny country. The poster shows a map with a flag flying over the little island. The flag (drawn in outline only, so no colors are shown) contains an eight-pointed sun that looks very much like the Chinese Nationalist (Taiwan) sun, and a crescent moon underneath it (points pointing upward). I have no idea whether the "sun" device has anything to do with the island's proximity to Taiwan, or whether the "crescent" has any Muslim connection, or whether the flag is even explained in the film. Bruce Tindall, 19 February 1996 Last night I saw the Japanese movie "Farewell, Japan," about which I had posted briefly a few days ago. In the movie, a small island in the Ryukyus, called Akaoneko, declares its independence from Japan. The new country's flag is red, with a gold sun and crescent moon device in the center. The sun is similar to the sun on the Taiwan flag; the points of the moon point upwards. The sun-moon device also appears on some cars and buildings and police uniforms, sometimes in gold, sometimes in green. The flags are of various shapes -- one is a rectangle approximately 2:3, one approx. 1:2, one an isosceles triangle, one a right triangle (the bottom edge is perpendicular to the hoist), and one an irregular shape reminiscent of that of Nepal, especially considering that it's emblazoned with a sun and a moon. But it's not surprising that the flag wasn't standardized; the island only has a few hundred inhabitants, and they had only just declared independence and hadn't had time to enlist the help of the experts from the FLAGS list to design a proper flag! I don't have a very good map of Japan, but I could not find an island named Akaoneko, and I assume the island is fictitious. In the film, it's supposed to be in the Okinawa prefecture. Although the film is a comedy, it apparently has some basis in fact. A professor of Japanese from a local university gave a little talk before the film; he said that the Ryukyus (which are closer to Taiwan than any other Japanese islands) had been part of Japan for a relatively short time, formerly spoke a different language, and still feel like a "different" people. The people there, he said, often feel neglected by the central government and resent being treated as second-class citizens. (In the film, the proximate cause of the island's secession was that they didn't get help quickly after a damaging typhoon.) Bruce Tindall, 7 February 1996 Ragaan ("Embassy") The programme, an Australian soap-drama set in and around the Australian embassy of a small fictional country in South-East Asia (presumably somewhere near Thailand or Malaysia). The country, I think, was called Ragaan, and the programme is simply called "Embassy". The fictional flag, the national flag of the Asian country, is white, with three thin horizontal green stripes (thus comparable to the old South Vietnamese flag), with a green crescent (possibly with star) in the upper hoist corner. A fairly realistic flag for a country in that part of the world, IMHO. James Dignan, 09 February 1996 Unnamed state from "Power Play" Back in the 70s there was a very interesting UK/Canada co-production called "Power Play", about the planning and execution of a military coup in a fictional and un-named possibly European country (it was filmed in Yugoslavia IIRC). It was inspired by Edawrk Luttwak's "Coup D'Etat: A Practical Handbook". Anyway, in the film the country used a vertical tricolour of blue, yellow


Russian President, Vladimir Putin is an accomplished exponent of which 'martial art'?

Widgets Magazine 8 3912592 The speaker of the Lebanese Parliament, Nabih Berri, praised the actions of Russian President Vladimir Putin calling him the “experienced judoka” of international relations after his decision to pull the main contingent of Russian troops out of Syria, the As-Safir newspaper reported. "Once again [Putin] proved he's the experienced judoka on the international arena," Lebanese Parliament speaker Berri told As-Safir in an interview. Earlier this week, Putin announced Russia would start withdrawing its main forces out of Syria, stating that the Russian military has accomplished its anti-terrorism mission. Many politicians around the world agreed that Putin made a good, strategic decision. ©           Photo: Press service of the Russian Defense Ministry Unexpected? Russia's Pullout From Syria is 'Catalyst' for a Thaw With NATO The Lebanese politician added that by helping the Syrian government to fight terrorism last year, Putin changed the balance of power on all fronts in Syria. And now by pulling out Russian troops, the Russian president provided a push for a peaceful settlement of the Syrian conflict. With Putin setting a good example, now it's time for other actors — Syrian opposition factions, international and regional powers — to do the same and work for peace in Syria, Berri said. Putin is a long-time practitioner of judo, a martial art that involves using holds and leverage to lift and throw opponents on the ground. The combat sport requires an individual to possess both physical power, strong mental discipline and the ability to calculate actions several steps in advance. Vladimir Putin has been studying martial arts since the age of 11. He earned the title of Master of Sports in both judo and sambo, and is also an 8th dan black belt in Kyokushin-kan karate. ...


Which Christian sect was founded in the USA in 1848 by John Thomas?

Christadelphians Christadelphians Christadelphians ï¿½ Prophesies and Pacifism Christadelphians, a religious sect, was founded by Dr. John Thomas, the son of a British Congregationalist minister. During Thomasï¿½ immigration to the United States in 1832, the ship encountered several violent storms. Thomas vowed that he would devote his life to the study of religion if God would spare his life. Shortly after his arrival in the United States, Thomas briefly associated himself with the Cambellites, while sharing their belief that Jesus Christ would return to earth in 1866. But as he continued to study with the Cambellites, he soon disagreed with their teachings, left the group, and began his own sect called the ï¿½Brethren of Christ.ï¿½ Numerous religious movements in the middle 1800s began as an outgrowth of religious unrest -- Mormonism, Jehovahï¿½s Witnesses, Christian Science, Seventh Day Adventism, and Spiritism. Each sect tried to discover truth through a new revelation or by combining some truth with their own opinions. When the Civil War began, Thomas, along with his followers, believed that the war marked the beginning of the ï¿½Battle of Armageddonï¿½ (Revelation 16:16). The group embraced pacifism, refusing to participate in war. To be recognized as a religious group exempted from fighting, Thomas renamed his followers ï¿½Christadelphians (1848) -- Greek for ï¿½Brethren of Christ.ï¿½ Thomas visited England to introduce his new-found religion and then discovered the soil fertile for his beliefs on prophesy and the coming Kingdom. He returned to America again. His subsequent visits (1862 and 1869) to lecture in England helped anchor Christadelphianism in England. Because of his efforts, England has the largest number (20,000) of members in the world. Christadelphians ï¿½ Deception and Denial As with many pseudo-Christian groups, Christadelphianism claims to follow Christian doctrines. Though they have a belief that there is only one God, Christadelphiansï¿½ doctrine is clearly non-Christian (James 2:19). One of their tenets states that the Bible is ï¿½the inerrant and infallible Word of God,ï¿½ yet Christadelphianism denies: the doctrine of the Trinity (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit)1 (Matthew 28:19). Jesusï¿½ existence prior to His incarnation2 (Revelation 1:8). Jesus is God in flesh3 (Colossians 2:9). Jesus died in our place for sin4 (1 Peter 2:24). the personhood and deity of the Holy Spirit5 (John 16:13-15). salvation by grace through faith alone6 (Ephesians 2:8). the immortality of the soul, that a person exists after death7 (1 Corinthians 15:42-44). the existence of the fallen angel Lucifer (Satan)8 (Luke 10:18). the existence of hell and eternal punishment9 (Matthew 25:41, 46). Christadelphians ï¿½ Sin and Salvation While Christadelphianism may show a great infatuation with the Scriptures, its skewed interpretations offer their members a hopeless future. Believing that Jesus had a sinful nature,10 followers forfeit experiencing Godï¿½s grace and mercy through His Son (2 Corinthians 5:21, Hebrews 4:15-16). In teaching that baptism is a prerequisite to salvation,11 Christadelphians never receive Godï¿½s gift of salvation through faith (Ephesians 2:8). And, contrary to Christadelphianism,12 those who receive Jesus Christ as their Savior never lose their salvation (Romans 3:22-26). Christadelphians are sincere about their beliefs, but sincerity doesnï¿½t connect God and man. While claiming to be the restored truth, this cult group relies on its own interpretations (2 Peter 1:20-21). Only the blood of a divine, sinless Christ paid the price for our salvation in full, reconciling us to God forever (Romans 6:23). 1 Tennant, Harry. The Christadelphians, What They Believe and Preach, The Christadelphian, Birmingham, England. 1986. pp. 84-87. 2 Ibid., pp. 85-86. 3 Jannaway, Frank G. (edited by) Christadelphian Answers, The Herald Press, Houston, TX, 1920. p. 22. 4 Ibid., p. 25. 11 Tennant., pp. 71-72, 207-210. 12 Ibid., p. 212. WHAT DO YOU THINK? - We have all sinned and deserve God's judgment. God , the Father, sent H


Which country of the Caribbean has a rectangular flag of blue and red, halved horizontally?

Flags with descriptions Home - Country listing - Field listing Flags with descriptions European Union a blue field with 12 five-pointed gold stars arranged in a circle in the center; blue represents the sky of the Western world, the stars are the peoples of Europe in a circle, a symbol of unity; the number of stars is fixed Taiwan red field with a dark blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a white sun with 12 triangular rays; the blue and white design of the canton (symbolizing the sun of progress) dates to 1895; it was later adopted as the flag of the Kuomintang Party; blue signifies liberty, justice, and democracy; red stands for fraternity, sacrifice, and nationalism, white represents equality, frankness, and the people's livelihood; the 12 rays of the sun are those of the months and the twelve traditional Chinese hours (each ray equals two hours) A Afghanistan three equal vertical bands of black (hoist side), red, and green, with the national emblem in white centered on the red band and slightly overlapping the other two bands; the center of the emblem features a mosque with pulpit and flags on either side, below the mosque are numerals for the solar year 1298 (1919 in the Gregorian calendar, the year of Afghan independence from the UK); this central image is circled by a border consisting of sheaves of wheat on the left and right, in the upper-center is an Arabic inscription of the Shahada (Muslim creed) below which are rays of the rising sun over the Takbir (Arabic expression meaning "God is great"), and at bottom center is a scroll bearing the name Afghanistan; black signifies the past, red is for the blood shed for independence, and green can represent either hope for the future, agricultural prosperity, or Islam note: Afghanistan had more changes to its national flag in the 20th century than any other country; the colors black, red, and green appeared on most of them Albania red with a black two-headed eagle in the center; the design is claimed to be that of 15th-century hero George Kastrioti SKANDERBEG, who led a successful uprising against the Turks that resulted in a short-lived independence for some Albanian regions (1443-78); an unsubstantiated explanation for the eagle symbol is the tradition that Albanians see themselves as descendants of the eagle; they refer to themselves as "Shqipetare," which translates as "sons of the eagle" Algeria two equal vertical bands of green (hoist side) and white; a red, five-pointed star within a red crescent centered over the two-color boundary; the colors represent Islam (green), purity and peace (white), and liberty (red); the crescent and star are also Islamic symbols, but the crescent is more closed than those of other Muslim countries because the Algerians believe the long crescent horns bring happiness American Samoa blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the fly side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a war club known as a "Fa'alaufa'i" (upper; left talon), and a coconut fiber fly whisk known as a "Fue" (lower; right talon); the combination of symbols broadly mimics that seen on the US Great Seal and reflects the relationship between the United States and American Samoa Andorra three vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red, with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the latter band is slightly wider than the other two so that the ratio of band widths is 8:9:8; the coat of arms features a quartered shield with the emblems of (starting in the upper left and proceeding clockwise): Urgell, Foix, Bearn, and Catalonia; the motto reads VIRTUS UNITA FORTIOR (Strength United is Stronger); the flag combines the blue and red French colors with the red and yellow of Spain to show Franco-Spanish protection note: similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem Angola two equal horizontal ba


In literature, who wrote 'Salem's Lot' and 'Carrie'?

The Great Stephen King Reread: ‘Salem’s Lot | Tor.com The Great Stephen King Reread Grady Hendrix Thu Oct 25, 2012 10:00am 38 comments Out of all of Stephen King’s books, the one I read over and over again in high school was ‘Salem’s Lot, and why not: VAMPIRES TAKE OVER AN ENTIRE TOWN! Could there be a more awesome book in the entire world? And it’s not just me. King himself has said that he’s got “a special cold spot in my heart for it,” and without a doubt it’s the bunker buster of the horror genre, a title that came along with the right ambitions at the right time and broke things wide open. So it came as a surprise to re-read it and realize that it’s just not very good. The bulk of ‘Salem’s Lot was written before King sold Carrie, back when he was still hunched over a school desk in the laundry closet of his mobile home, dead broke, out of hope, and teaching high school. Inspired in part by a classroom syllabus that had him simultaneously teaching Thornton Wilder’s Our Town and Bram Stoker’s Dracula, he later described the book as, “…a peculiar combination of Peyton Place and Dracula…” or, “vampires in Our Town.”  Which is sort of the problem. After selling Carrie and while waiting for it to be published, King returned to ‘Salem’s Lot (then called Second Coming), polished it up, and sent the manuscript for it and for Roadwork to his editor Bill Thompson, asking him to choose between the two. Thompson felt that Roadwork was the more literary of the pair but that ‘Salem’s Lot (with a few changes) had a better chance of commercial success. The two major changes he requested: remove a gruesome death by rats scene (“I had them swarming all over him like a writhing, furry carpet, biting and chewing, and when he tries to scream a warning to his companions upstairs, one of them scurries into his open mouth and squirms as it gnaws out his tongue,” King later wrote) and to draw out the beginning and make the source of the evil plaguing the small town more ambiguous. King protested that everyone would know it was vampires from the very first chapter and readers would resent the coy, literary striptease. His fans (and he did already have fans of his short fiction) wanted to get right down to business. Thompson pointed out that when King said “everyone” he meant a tiny genre readership. He was writing for a mainstream audience now, Thompson reassured him, the last thing they would be expecting was vampires. And he was right. At the time, nobody expected vampires in a posh, hardcover bestseller. But nowadays, thanks to its success, ‘Salem’s Lot is synonymous with vampires and this drawn-out beginning feels interminable. One could say it’s establishing the characters, if they weren’t some of the flattest characters ever put on paper. Ben Mears (whom King pictured as Ben Gazzara ), comes to the small town of ‘Salem’s Lot (population 289) to write a book about the evil old Marsten House that sits up on a hill and broods like a gothic hero. The Marsten House will have absolutely nothing to do with anything else in the book but it’s great atmosphere and King expends a lot of words on it. Ben sparks a romance with the extremely boring Susan Norton, who helps him overcome the tragic motorcycle accident in his past. Also on hand are an alcoholic Roman Catholic priest who’s questioning his faith, a handsome young doctor who believes in science, and a quippy bachelor school teacher who’s beloved by his students. For no particularly good reason, Barlow, an evil vampire complete with European mannerisms and hypno-wheel eyes, and Straker, his human minion, also arrive in ‘Salem’s Lot and move into the evil old Marsten House because…it’s cheap? It has a nice view? They want to turn it into a B&B? We’re never quite sure what draws them to the Lot but by the time the book is over, they’ve sucked the blood of most of the townspeople and turned them into vampires, the survivors have fled, and cue the cheap metaphors for economic devastation and the destruction of small town American life. ‘Salem’s Lot is compulsively readable, the high concept hook


What is the occupation of Zandra Rhodes?

Queen's Honours: Day-Lewis receives knighthood - BBC News Queen's Honours: Day-Lewis receives knighthood 13 June 2014 Image copyright Getty Images/AFP Triple Oscar-winning actor Daniel Day-Lewis has been made a knight in the Queen's Birthday Honours. The Lincoln star joins Wolf Hall novelist Hilary Mantel and fashion designer Zandra Rhodes, who are both made dames. Dame Maggie Smith becomes a Companion of Honour. The actress joins 65 individuals recognised for "services of national importance". American actress Angelina Jolie is being awarded an honorary damehood. Her work to end sexual violence around the world sees her featured on the Diplomatic Service and Overseas Birthday 2014 Honours list, for exceptional service to Britain overseas. Pianist Andras Schiff receives a knighthood for services to music, while Homeland star Damian Lewis is made an OBE. Also on the list - released to mark the Queen's official birthday - are Beatles biographer Hunter Davies and singer and DJ Cerys Matthews. Writer Davies is made an OBE alongside composer Talvin Singh and actress Phyllida Law, mother to actresses Emma and Sophie Thompson. There are MBEs for BBC 6 Music host Matthews, journalist and children's book specialist Julia Eccleshare and Torchwood star John Barrowman. David Lan, artistic director at the Young Vic, becomes a CBE. Dame Maggie Smith Honour: Companion of Honour, for services to drama Image copyright Getty Images For more than six decades, Dame Maggie has honed her talents across the stage, TV and cinema, consistently winning numerous awards. She is probably best known for early works, such as the titular role in The Pride of Miss Jean Brodie in 1969, for which she won a best actress Oscar. A second supporting actress Oscar came in 1978 for California Suite. Other accolades include five Baftas, three Emmys, three Golden Globes, three Screen Actors Guild Awards and a Tony Award. She was made a dame in 1990 for services to the performing arts. Smith currently stars as Violet Crawley, Dowager Countess of Grantham, in ITV's hit drama series Downton Abbey. It was recently announced she will star in a film version of Alan Bennett's play The Lady in the Van - a role she played on stage in 1999. Daniel Day-Lewis Honour: Knighthood Image copyright Getty Images Daniel Day-Lewis said he was "entirely amazed and utterly delighted in equal measure" to receive the honour. He is known for being one of the UK's most intense and talented actors and is highly selective with his roles. The 57-year-old puts a huge amount of preparation into his characters and often remains in character for the duration of a film's shoot. In 2013, he made Oscar history by becoming the first man to win the best actor award three times. The son of poet Cecil Day-Lewis and actress Jill Balcon, he won his first Academy Award in 1990 for My Left Foot, his second in 2008 for There Will Be Blood and his third last year, as President Abraham Lincoln. He captured the public's attention with his roles in 1985 in My Beautiful Laundrette and A Room with a View, and establishing himself as a leading man in The Unbearable Lightness of Being (1988). He has won further accolades for his work in In The Name of the Father, The Age of Innocence and Gangs of New York. The actor, who has both British and Irish citizenship, has not appeared in a role on stage since he dramatically withdrew from the National Theatre production of Hamlet in 1992, citing exhaustion. Hilary Mantel Occupation: Novelist Honour: Damehood, for services to literature In 2012, Hilary Mantel became the first woman and the first living British author to win the Man Booker prize twice for her historical novels Wolf Hall and Bring up the Bodies. The two novels, which follow the rise of Thomas Cromwell from blacksmith's son to Henry VIII's right-hand man, also marked out Mantel as the first person to win the Booker prize for a direct sequel. Mantel, who is working on the last part of the trilogy, The Mirror and the Light, said she was "delighted" with the honour. "It's given for 'services to literature' but I


Which architect designed Coventry Cathedral?

Sir Basil Spence Archive Project What We Did Sir Basil Spence is most famously associated with his modern design for the rebuilding of Coventry Cathedral following its destruction by bombing during the Second World War. Building commenced for his competition-winning programme in 1955, and by the time the new cathedral was consecrated in 1962 it had become an international symbol of regeneration and reconciliation. The old cathedral in the historic centre of Coventry was destroyed during an air raid in the Second World War. In 1951 Spence was chosen from over 200 architects who had entered a competition to design a new cathedral to replace it. “I saw the old cathedral as standing clearly for the sacrifice, one side of the Christian Faith and I knew my task was to design a new one which should stand for the Triumph of the Resurrection” - Sir Basil Spence in his book, 'Phoenix at Coventry' Spence chose to keep the ruins of the old cathedral intact – the only competition entrant to do so - and link them to the new cathedral with a high porch. The main body of the new building is constructed of red sandstone. Projecting out are the circular Chapel of Unity and the Chapel of Industry. Zigzag walls let angled windows direct light down the nave towards the altar. Large artworks commissioned by Spence include the baptistery window stained glass by John Piper and Patrick Reyntiens, a bronze sculpture of St Michael by Jacob Epstein, and the tapestry behind the main altar by Graham Sutherland. Spence wrote a book entitled ‘Phoenix at Coventry’ on his experience as architect of the cathedral that brought him worldwide fame. Images


From New Zealand, what are 'Kea's' and 'Kaka's'?

Kaka | New Zealand Birds Online   Jean-Claude Stahl Kaka. Adult North Island kaka feeding on kowhai flowers. Wilton, Wellington, September 2013. Image © Jean-Claude Stahl by Jean-Claude Stahl Breeding and ecology Generally heard before they are seen, kaka are large, forest-dwelling parrots that are found on all three main islands of New Zealand and on several offshore islands. Much reduced in range and abundance in the North and South islands due to forest clearance and predation by introduced mammals, kaka are most abundant on offshore islands that have no introduced mammals, or at least no stoats. They remain locally common at some sites on the main islands that are close to offshore island refuges, and have increased in abundance at others where mammalian pests have been controlled. Kaka can be found in a wide variety of native forest types including podocarp and beech forest. They are a common sight in Wellington city, having spread from Zealandia / Karori Sanctuary. Identification A large, olive-brown parrot with grey-white crown and bright, red-orange underwing and deep crimson belly and under-tail coverts. Males have a noticeably longer and deeper upper mandible and bigger head than females but this is generally only apparent when the two sexes are seen side by side. Voice: a harsh, repeated, rhythmic “ka-aa” when flying above the forest canopy, harsh grating “kraak” alarm call when disturbed. Also a variety of loud, musical whistles, but these vary markedly from place to place. Males give a soft “tsee-tsee-tsee” call during the pre-copulatory display and when showing potential nest sites to females. Females soliciting food from their mates, and juveniles soliciting food from their parents, utter a guttural, repeated “aa-aa” call. Similar species: the only species likely to be confused with the kaka is the kea, which is larger, olive-green rather than olive-brown, and confined to the South Island. Distribution and habitat Kaka are rare to uncommon in native forest throughout the three main islands of New Zealand except for areas adjacent to offshore island strongholds such as the Hen and Chicken Islands, Little Barrier Island, Kapiti Island, Ulva Island and Codfish Island. They are also common on Great Barrier and Mayor Islands, and have recovered at some sites where control of mammalian predators is undertaken, such as The Rotoiti Nature Recovery Programme Area in Nelson Lakes National Park and the Eglinton Valley in Fiordland National Park. Reintroduction programmes have been remarkably successful at a few sites. A large wild kaka flock is a feature at the Pukaha Mt Bruce National Wildlife Centre in the Wairarapa, and kaka are commonly seen throughout the Wellington city green belt, following their reintroduction to Zealandia / Karori Sanctuary. Kaka also visit Auckland and Hamilton cities during winter, but there are few sites there where they are regularly seen. Population Probably fewer than 10,000 birds. There appears to be sufficient gene flow between most populations to prevent the development of significant genetic differences between them. Threats and conservation Although forest clearance has destroyed all but a fraction of the kaka’s former habitat, the biggest threat to their survival is introduced mammalian predators, particularly the stoat, but also the brush-tailed possum. It is predation by these pests, particularly of nesting females, that is the reason for general rarity of kaka on the main islands compared to their forested offshore island strongholds.Kaka can coexist with rats, and possibly also with possums, but not with stoats. Kaka populations can, however, recover when stoats and other pests are controlled by trapping and or poisoning. Breeding Kaka mainly breed in spring and summer, but occasional second broods can extend breeding into winter. Nests are generally in tree cavities over 5 metres above the ground, but can be at ground level on offshore islands. The nest floor is lined with small wood chips. The typical clutch size is 4. The female alone incubates the eggs and cares for the n


"""The splendour falls on castle walls/And snowy summits old story"" is the beginning of a poem by whom?"

The Splendour Falls on Castle Walls: Stanza 1 Summary The Splendour Falls on Castle Walls    Get out the microscope, because we’re going through this poem line-by-line. Lines 1-2 The splendour falls on castle walls              And snowy summits old in story: Wait, what? The first line doesn't seem to make sense at first. How can "splendour," which is intangible (something you can't touch), "fall"?  "Splendour" seems to mean something a bit different here, though, like sunlight. Maybe we're supposed to imagine streams of light coming through between clouds. So if this bright light is "fall[ing]" against the "castle walls," it must be coming in at an angle… so it must be sunrise or sunset. Which do you think it is? (Let's bear this question in mind later in the poem—there might be more clues.) The sunlight, or "splendour," is streaming down and "falling" against the walls of a castle and against the snow-capped tops of mountains. Sounds like the speaker is in a valley somewhere, looking across at a castle and some snowy mountains.  But these aren't just any mountains—they are "old in story," which means that many tales have been written about them.  (Historical Note! Tennyson visited Ireland in 1848, just before writing "Splendour Falls." His inspiration was almost certainly a visit to a place in the mountains near Killarney called the "Eagle's Nest.") There's a steady rhythm as we read this—the rhythm, or meter , is "iambic tetrameter." (Check out the " Form and Meter " section for more about what that means.) The first line of this poem has two words that rhyme within the line: "falls" and "walls." That's called internal rhyme . Again, you should check out "Form and Meter" to learn more. Lines 3-4      The long light shakes across the lakes,          And the wild cataract leaps in glory. Now we're told that the sunlight is streaming across lakes.  The speaker says that the light "shakes." Weird, right? What would make light appear to "shake"? Maybe the water on the surface of the lakes is moving, causing the light to shimmer and "shake"? Or maybe the light is coming through tree branches that are moving in the wind? What do you think? The repetition of the "L" sound at the beginning of "long," "light," and "lakes" is called alliteration —check out the " Sound Check " section for more about the sound effects here. We're given another detail about the scenery: there's a waterfall, or "cataract," which is probably making a lot of noise as it falls, since the speaker calls it "wild."  The word "leaps" seems like a weird choice of words, and in combination with that word "wild," it seems like the waterfall is some kind of wild animal, "leaping" down the mountainside. Metaphor alert! Line 3 has more internal rhyme ("shakes" and "lakes"), and line 4 introduces the first end rhyme  of the poem—"glory" rhymes with "story" (line 2). Check out " Form and Mete r" to learn more about the rhyme scheme . Lines 5-6 Blow, bugle, blow, set the wild echoes flying, Blow, bugle; answer, echoes, dying, dying, dying. Suddenly we're not alone anymore! Or are we? A bugle (a kind of horn like a trumpet) is blown, and the notes echo across the valley and then fade, or "die," away. The repetition of the word "dying" seems to imitate the echoes that the speaker is describing.  The speaker addresses the bugle directly, instead of addressing the person who is blowing it. Ladies and gentlemen, it's a textbook example of a poetic tool called apostrophe —Shmoop on over to the " Symbols " section to learn more about that.


What is the technical term for the outer layer of a mushroom cap?

Pellicle | Define Pellicle at Dictionary.com pellicle [pel-i-kuh l] /ˈpɛl ɪ kəl/ Spell a thin skin or membrane; film; scum. 2. Photography. a thin, partially reflective coating, as on a beam splitter or pellicle mirror . Origin of pellicle 1535-45; < Latin pellicul(a), equivalent to pelli(s) skin + -cula -cle 1 Related forms [puh-lik-yuh-ler] /pəˈlɪk yə lər/ (Show IPA), pelliculate [puh-lik-yuh-lit, -leyt] /pəˈlɪk yə lɪt, -ˌleɪt/ (Show IPA), adjective Dictionary.com Unabridged Examples from the Web for pellicle Expand Historical Examples Remains of the thin white test of the second stage may sometimes be seen on the pellicle. British Dictionary definitions for pellicle Expand a thin skin or film 2. the hard protective outer layer of certain protozoans, such as those of the genus Paramecium 3. the thin outer layer of a mushroom cap a growth on the surface of a liquid culture 4. (photog) the thin layer of emulsion covering a plate, film, or paper Derived Forms C16: via French from Latin pellicula, from pellis skin Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for pellicle Expand n. 1540s, from Middle French pellicle (Modern French pellicule), from Latin pellicula "small or thin skin," diminutive of pellis "skin, leather, parchment, hide" (see film (n.)). Related: Pellicular. Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper


In which sport would you stand on the 'Hack Stay' behind the 'Hogline', aiming for the 'Tee' at the centre of the 'House'?

Sochi 2014 men's curling final guide: Rules, tactics and sweeping explained as Team GB play Canada for gold - Mirror Online Sochi 2014 men's curling final guide: Rules, tactics and sweeping explained as Team GB play Canada for gold As Team GB face Canada for Winter Olympics gold, become an instant armchair expert  Share Can GB curl their way to a gold medal? (Photo: PA)  Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Thank you for subscribing! Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email Curling is surely the greatest of all the sports - at least for two weeks every four years. It's certainly the only sport you need to watch / listen to / follow online in our live blog at 1.30pm (precisely) today . After Team GB's women won bronze yesterday, our men are taking on Canada for the Olympic title, so to make sure you're fully prepared, we've put together a handy guide to make you an instant armchair expert. And yes, it does explain why they're doing all that sweeping... How it's played It's a bit like bowls on ice - though some people to liken it to chess on ice due to the amount of strategy involved. Two teams of four players slide heavy, polished granite stones across ice on to a target area called a house. Player have one "slider" - a smooth sole on one shoe which allows them to slide on the ice as they deliver their stone.   They have to release their stone before the hogline. Teammates with brooms follow the stone and if they fear it will run out of speed before it reaches its intended target they brush furiously. The brushing alters the speed and direction of the stone by melting a fine layer of ice to reduce the friction just in front.   Teams take it in turns to play their stones. Players often spin stones, sometimes called rocks, on a curved trajectory. They are aiming to get their stones closest to the centre - or button - of the house or knock their opponents' stones out of the way. They don't normally play with cats.   Each team has eight stones, two delivered by each player, with the aim of your team having the stone or stones closest to the centre ("button") of the house. An “end” is when both teams have delivered all their stones. A Olympic game consists of 10 ends. The scoring At the end of each end, the team with the stone closest to the button earns points for each stone nearer the centre than the closest of the opposition stones - giving a potential maximum of eight points per end, though typically one to three points are scored. If there are no stones in the house then no points are scored. After this takeout the red team are in position to score here - but only with one rather than three stones. It's important to remember which foot your slider is on - there are no points for looking silly. The jargon a: hack - b: back line - c: button - d: tee line - e: centre line - f: hog line - circles: house (Photo: Comox Valley Curling Club) This game would be played right to left. Sheet The ice you're playing on Hack Players push off from the hack to deliver their stone. There is one at each end of the sheet Back line Stones that go beyond the back line are effectively dead Button Target’s centre point Tee line The line through the centre of the centre Centre line The middle of the sheet Hog line Where players release the stone House The target-like circles players aim to land their rocks in Rocks The granite stones End Each round when the team plays all its stones... 10 ends per game Delivery Pushing stones down the ice Hammer The final stone delivered in an end Rink The team Skip Team captain - usually delivers the last two stones but not obligatory Lead Delivers first two stones Second Delivers second two stones Third Delivers stones five and six Line Direction of the throw Curl The stone’s rotation Burning Accidentally touching the stone Guards Blocking shots Draws Shots aimed at button, often curling in around stones set in front of the house as guards Takeouts Shots knocking out opponents’ stones The tactics A team's gameplan changes depending on whether they are throwing first or second. If


"""I remember, I remember,/ The house were I was born"", is the beginning of a poem by whom?"

I Remember, I Remember by Mary Ruefle | Poetry Magazine I Remember, I Remember by Mary Ruefle Poetry By Mary Ruefle I remember being so young I thought all artists were famous. I remember being so young I thought all artists were good, kind, loving, exceptionally interesting, and exemplary human beings. I remember—I must have been eight or nine—wandering out to the ungrassed backyard of our newly constructed suburban house and seeing that the earth was dry and cracked in irregular squares and other shapes, and I felt I was looking at a map and I was completely overcome by this description, my first experience of making a metaphor, and I felt weird and shaky and went inside and wrote it down: the cracked earth is a map. Although it only takes a little time to tell it, and it is hardly interesting, it filled a big moment at the time, it was an enormous ever-expanding room of a moment, a chunk of time that has expanded ever since and that my whole life keeps fitting into. I remember writing a letter to President John F. Kennedy and a few weeks after mailing it finding it in the bottom of my mother’s drawer. I remember sending my poems to Little, Brown and Company and suggesting they title the collection “The Little Golden Book of Verse,” and I remember their rejection was very kind and I was stunned when they made a guess at my age and were correct, I was in the fourth grade, and I felt the people at Little, Brown and Company were so smart they could read minds. I remember I chose Little, Brown and Company for a very special reason: they were the publishers of my favorite author, Laura Ingalls Wilder, who wrote the Little House on the Prairie books (this was long before the television series). And although Little, Brown and Company sent me a very kind letter indeed, and guessed my age, they also did something I could never forgive them for, something that upset me for days and weeks and months. They sent me a picture of Laura Ingalls Wilder as a ninety-year-old woman; they told me she was dead, her mother and father and sisters were all dead too, and her husband, and that one of my favorite characters had died in a threshing machine accident—a threshing machine accident—it was so specific I was able to picture it vividly in my imagination, the mangled body in its overalls, the hat fallen off, some blood on the ground, the machine stopped in the noonday sun, one of its wheels bent out of shape, or some spoke or cog, and a leg or arm was in there, and the whole scene took place in the center of miles and miles and miles—as far as you could see—of beautiful golden grain, all the same length, like a crew cut. I remember I was not exactly sure what a threshing machine was. I remember they said that although Pa was dead, his fiddle was in a museum somewhere, and once a year somebody took it out of its case and played it. I remember feeling sorry for the violin, and thinking how lonely it must be to live like that, in a museum. I remember when I was in the fifth grade my grandfather died and it was my first funeral and when everyone was filing out of the funeral parlor I remember asking if Grandpap was going to stay in there all alone at night and they said yes and I thought that would be awfully scary, lying in a coffin in an empty building, just like the fiddle in its case. I remember when I was forty-five and my mother died it poured the day we buried her and late at night I thought of how cold her body must be, with the freezing rain pouring down on it, and how much she would hate being out in the cold and rain if she were alive. She would want to be under the blankets of her own bed on such a night, with a cup of coffee on the nightstand, and the coffee would be on top of the first art object I ever made, at the age of five, a ceramic coaster: a white tile with my face drawn on it in brown lines. For forty years her coffee cup must have burned my face, and since my mother died by fire, I did not want to think of it anymore. “I remember, I remember,/The house where I was born” are the first two lines of a famous poem called “I


Which European country's flag is a dark blue rectangle on which is mounted an inverted gold right angled triangle and a line of nine white stars?

Ellen lupton, jennifer cole phillips graphic design the new basics princeton architectural press (20 by Felekan Tofküln - issuu issuu THE NEW BASICS ELLEN LUPTON AND JENNIFER COLE PHILLIPS Princeton Architectural Press, New York and Maryland Institute College of Art, Baltimore Published by Princeton Architectural Press 37 East Seventh Street New York, New York 10003 For Maryland Institute College of Art For a free catalog of books, call 1.800.722.6657. Visit our website at www.papress.com. Contributing Faculty Ken Barber Kimberly Bost Jeremy Botts Corinne Botz Bernard Canniffe Nancy Froehlich Ellen Lupton Al Maskeroni Ryan McCabe Abbott Miller Jennifer Cole Phillips James Ravel Zvezdana Rogic Nolen Strals Mike Weikert Bruce Willen Yeohyun Ahn © 2008 Princeton Architectural Press All rights reserved Printed and bound in China 11 10 09 08 4 3 2 1 First edition No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner without written permission from the publisher, except in the context of reviews. Every reasonable attempt has been made to identify owners of copyright. Errors or omissions will be corrected in subsequent editions. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lupton, Ellen.   Graphic design : the new basics / Ellen Lupton and Jennifer Cole Phillips.        p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-56898-770-5 (hardcover : alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-56898-702-6 (paperback : alk. paper) 1.  Graphic arts.  I. Phillips, Jennifer C., 1960– II. Title. NC997.L87 2008 741.6—dc22                                                                        2007033805 Book Design Ellen Lupton and Jennifer Cole Phillips Visiting Artists Marian Bantjes Nicholas Blechman Alicia Cheng Peter Cho Malcolm Grear David Plunkert C. E. B. Reas Paul Sahre Jan van Toorn Rick Valicenti For Princeton Architectural Press Editor Clare Jacobson Special thanks to Nettie Aljian, Sara Bader, Dorothy Ball, Nicola Bednarek, Janet Behning, Becca Casbon, Penny (Yuen Pik) Chu, Russell Fernandez, Pete Fitzpatrick, Wendy Fuller, Jan Haux, Aileen Kwun, Nancy Eklund Later, Linda Lee, Laurie Manfra, Katharine Myers, Lauren Nelson Packard, Jennifer Thompson, Arnoud Verhaeghe, Paul Wagner, Joseph Weston, and Deb Wood — Kevin C. Lippert, publisher Contents 8 Back to the Bauhaus  Ellen Lupton  10 Beyond the Basics  Jennifer Cole Phillips 12 Foreword Ellen Lupton and Jennifer Cole Phillips How do designers get ideas? Some places they look are design annuals and monographs, searching for clever combinations of forms, fonts, and colors to inspire their projects. For students and professionals who want to dig deeper into how form works, this book shows how to build richness and complexity around simple relationships. We created this book because we didn’t see anything like it available for today’s students and young designers: a concise, visually inspiring guide to twodimensional design.  As educators with decades of combined experience in graduate and undergraduate teaching, we have witnessed the design world change and change again in response to new technologies. When we were students ourselves in the 1980s, classic books such as Armin Hofmann’s Graphic Design Manual (published in 1965) had begun to lose their relevance within the restless and shifting design scene. Postmodernism was on the rise, and abstract design exercises seemed out of step with the current interest in appropriation and historicism. During the 1990s, design educators became caught in the pressure to teach (and learn) software, and many of us struggled to balance technical skills with visual and critical thinking. Form sometimes got lost along the way, as design methodologies moved away from universal visual concepts toward a more anthropological understanding of design as a constantly changing flow of cultural sensibilities.  This book addresses the gap between software and visual thinking. By focusing on form, we have reembraced the Bauhaus tradition and the pioneering work of the great formal design educators, from Armin Hofmann to some of our own te


The Empress Eugenie (1826-1920) was the wife of which European leader?

1000+ images about Empress Eugenie on Pinterest | Napoleon, The empress and Franz xaver winterhalter Learn more at en.wikipedia.org Doña María Eugenia Ignacia Augustina de Palafox-Portocarrero de Guzmán y Kirkpatrick, 16th Countess of Teba and 15th Marquise of Ardales (5 May 1826 – 11 July 1920), known as Eugénie de Montijo, was the last Empress consort of the French from 1853 to 1871 as the wife of Napoleon III, Emperor of the French. More


Which Middle Eastern country's flag is a rectangle divided horizontally into three equal bands green (top) on white on black with a broader vertical red band at the hoist side?

Flags of Every Country Follow us... Flags of Every Country Tweet This map shows Flags of every country in the world. Flag description produced from actual flags or the best information available at the time the entry was written. The flags of independent states are used by their dependencies unless there is an officially recognized local flag. Some disputed and other areas do not have flags. Note: Flag description from CIA Factbook and Flag image from Wikipedia. Last updated: Abkhazia Afghanistan three equal vertical bands of black (hoist side), red, and green, with the national emblem in white centered on the red band and slightly overlapping the other two bands; the center of the emblem features a mosque with pulpit and flags on either side, below the mosque are numerals for the solar year 1298 (1919 in the Gregorian calendar, the year of Afghan independence from the UK); this central image is circled by a border consisting of sheaves of wheat on the left and right, in the upper-center is an Arabic inscription of the Shahada (Muslim creed) below which are rays of the rising sun over the Takbir (Arabic expression meaning "God is great"), and at bottom center is a scroll bearing the name Afghanistan; black signifies the past, red is for the blood shed for independence, and green can represent either hope for the future, agricultural prosperity, or Islam note: Afghanistan had more changes to its national flag in the 20th century than any other country; the colors black, red, and green appeared on most of them Akrotiri the flag of the UK is used Albania red with a black two-headed eagle in the center; the design is claimed to be that of 15th-century hero George Castriota SKANDERBERG, who led a successful uprising against the Turks that resulted in a short-lived independence for some Albanian regions (1443-1478); an unsubstantiated explanation for the eagle symbol is the tradition that Albanians see themselves as descendants of the eagle; they refer to themselves as "Shkypetars," which translates as "sons of the eagle" Algeria two equal vertical bands of green (hoist side) and white; a red, five-pointed star within a red crescent centered over the two-color boundary; the colors represent Islam (green), purity and peace (white), and liberty (red); the crescent and star are also Islamic symbols, but the crescent is more closed than those of other Muslim countries because the Algerians believe the long crescent horns bring happiness American Samoa blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the fly side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a war club known as a "Fa'alaufa'i" (upper; left talon), and a coconut fiber fly whisk known as a "Fue" (lower; right talon); the combination of symbols broadly mimics that seen on the US Great Seal and reflects the relationship between the United States and American Samoa Andorra three vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red, with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the latter band is slightly wider than the other two so that the ratio of band widths is 8:9:8; the coat of arms features a quartered shield with the emblems of (starting in the upper left and proceeding clockwise): Urgell, Foix, Bearn, and Catalonia; the motto reads VIRTUS UNITA FORTIOR (Strength United is Stronger); the flag combines the blue and red French colors with the red and yellow of Spain to show Franco-Spanish protection note: similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem Angola two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle); red represents liberty, black the African continent, the symbols characterize workers and peasants Anguilla blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the


"Politics. Who in his speech to the House of Commons on the 4th April 1940 said, ""Hitler has missed the bus""?"

Neville Chamberlain - Wikiquote Neville Chamberlain Jump to: navigation , search Arthur Neville Chamberlain ( March 18 , 1869 – November 9 , 1940) was a British politician from a famous political dynasty. After being Mayor of Birmingham, he went into national politics and was Chairman of the Conservative Party from 1929 to 1931. during the National Government of Ramsay Macdonald, Chamberlain served as Chancellor of the Exchequer. He later succeeded Stanley Baldwin as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in 1937; his government was marked by the build-up to war with Germany. Chamberlain negotiated an agreement with Adolf Hitler which Hitler never intended to honour; he declared war in September 1939 owing to a mutual defence pact with Poland , which Hitler's Germany had invaded. Sourced[ edit ] Without underrating the hardships of our situation, the long tragedy of the unemployed, the grievous burden of taxation, the arduous and painful struggle of those engaged in trade and industry, at any rate we are free from that fear which besets so many less fortunately placed, the fear that things are going to get worse. We owe our freedom from that fear to the fact that we have balanced our budget. Speech in the House of Commons as Chancellor of the Exchequer (25 April 1933) The Labour Party, obviously intends to fasten upon our backs the accusation of being 'warmongers' and they are suggesting that we have 'hush hush' plans for rearmament which we are concealing from the people. As a matter of fact we are working on plans for rearmament at an early date for the situation in Europe is most alarming...We are not sufficiently advanced to reveal our ideas to the public, but of course we cannot deny the general charge of rearmament and no doubt if we try to keep our ideas secret till after the election, we should either fail, or if we succeeded, lay ourselves open to the far more damaging accusation that we had deliberately deceived the people...I have therefore suggested that we should take the bold course of actually appealing to the country on a defence programme, thus turning the Labour party's dishonest weapon into a boomerang. Diary entry (2 August 1935), quoted in Maurice Cowling, The Impact of Hitler. British Politics and British Policy. 1933-1940 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975), p. 92. In war, whichever side may call itself the victor, there are no winners, but all are losers. Speech at Kettering, (3 July 1938), The Times (4 July 1938) How horrible, fantastic, incredible it is that we should be digging trenches and trying on gas-masks here because of a quarrel in a far away country between people of whom we know nothing. It seems still more impossible that a quarrel which has already been settled in principle should be the subject of war. Broadcast (27 September 1938), quoted in "Prime Minister on the Issues", The Times (28 September 1938), p. 10 Referring to the Czechoslovakia crisis Armed conflict between nations is a nightmare to me, but if I were convinced that any nation had made up its mind to dominate the world by fear of its force I should feel it should be resisted. Speech (26 September 1938) This morning I had another talk with the German Chancellor, Herr Hitler, and here is the paper which bears his name upon it as well as mine.... We regard the agreement signed last night and the Anglo-German Naval Agreement, as symbolic of the desire of our two peoples never to go to war with one another again. Speech at Heston Airport (30 September 1938), quoted in The Times (1 October 1938) Oxford Book of Modern Quotes (pdf) Peace for our time Speech at Heston Airport (30 September, 1938) 1938: 'Peace for our time' - Chamberlain part of the BBC "On this day" series] This is the second time in our history that there has come back from Germany to Downing Street peace with honour. I believe it is peace in our time. "Neville Chamberlain 1937-40 Conservative" , 10 Downing Street, number10.gov.uk (accessed 2006-06-11 ) On returning to England from Munich in 1938; cf. Benjamin Disraeli 's return from the Congress of Ber


What was the address of Tony Hancock in 'Hancock's Half Hour'?

BBC - Comedy - Hancock's Half-Hour Hancock's Half-Hour Hancock's Half-Hour There's an argument to be made that the Great British sitcom as we know it started here. You want a misunderstood, self-proclaimed genius whose lofty ambitions in life are thwarted either by a boorish sidekick or, more often than not, his own painful shortcomings? A man trapped by circumstance? A, let's face it, pompous prig? Tony Hancock is the archetype. First airing on BBC radio in 1954, the show came along during an era when comedy was steeped in the fast-talking knockabout antics of the music hall. With its character and situation-based humour, Hancock's Half-Hour sounded shockingly naturalistic: almost Pinter-esque by comparison. Former Educating Archie foil Tony Hancock starred as an exaggerated version of himself: Anthony Aloysius St John Hancock, a down-at-heel comedian waiting for the big time to hit while he struggled to make ends meet in the inglorious setting of 23 Railway Cuttings, East Cheam. Sid James played his roguish friend, Sid, who'd normally put one over on Hancock before the 30 minutes was up, while Bill Kerr was the hard-of-thinking Australian lodger. Occasional love interests arrived in the form of Moira Lister and then Andrée Melly, while later series boasted Hattie Jacques as live-in secretary Griselda Pugh. Written by Ray Galton and Alan Simpson, the show was never hot on internal continuity. Hancock's domestic set-up changed weekly to best serve the plot. Although it was an immediate critical and ratings success, even at this early stage, its leading man exhibited signs of his famously self-destructive behaviour, fleeing to Rome during the recording of the second series, resulting in Harry Secombe stepping into the breach for three episodes. In 1956, Hancock's Half-Hour spun-off into television and both versions alternated until 1959. The TV show remained faithful to the radio series, although only Sid James was retained from the cast. Hancock was quick to prove he had a wonderfully expressive face to accompany that constantly exasperated voice and established himself for all time as sitcom's quintessential loser, constantly moaning: "Stone me, what a life!" Retaining that shape-changing quality, the programme continued to alter details of Hancock's life on a weekly basis, while a regular cast of actors, who came to be known as the East Cheam Repertory Company, filled in the various supporting roles as and when. As such, some of the radio crowd did get a look in, including Hattie Jacques and Kenneth Williams who made regular appearances. The radio show wound down in 1959, after nigh on 100 episodes. Meanwhile, on TV, Hancock was becoming concerned at the increasing popularity of co-star Sid James. Very much the man-on-the-street foil to his own pompous character, it was little wonder viewers were often rooting for the sidekick during their various confrontations. As a result, the star decreed that following the 1960 series, James was to be dropped and the show would continue without him, re-titled simply Hancock.


Who in 1497, discovered Newfoundland and claimed North America for Engalnd?

John Cabot - Newfoundland Moving to secure the community John Cabot Quoted from We Were Not the Savages On June 24, 1497, John Cabot laid claim on behalf of England's King Henry VII to what thereafter would be called Newfoundland. The fact that the land was then owned and occupied by human beings whose residency stretched back for millennia was not viewed by Cabot or England as a legal impediment to this claim. In addition to appropriating another Nation's land, Cabot's explorations revealed for future European exploitation the region's fabulously endowed fishing grounds. These events soon led to a full-scale European invasion of northeastern North America. In retrospect, the speed at which the news of the wealth of the Newfoundland fishing grounds spread around Europe in an age without mass communications seems incredible. This news spread so fast and proved so alluring that within a very short period of time European fishermen began arriving en masse. By 1506, only nine years later, the fishery was so large that the Portuguese government was taxing it. This uncontrolled and largely unpoliced foreign fishery would prove to be extremely bad news for the region's Amerindian peoples. In fact, the nature of the bad news was visited upon one Amerindian Nation almost immediately. The intruders launched a murderous assault on Newfoundland's harmless and non-aggressive Beothuk (or Red People) in retaliation for the "crimes" they were committing by removing items, such as nails, from the fishermen's fish-drying stations along the coast. As early as 1506, many of the Beothuk were being sold as slaves in Europe. In time these barbarities led to the extinction of the Tribe... ...the Mi'kmaq earned the dubious distinction of being among the first North American Natives to come into major contact with Europeans. Because of the scarcity of reliable information related to events in the area during the early 1500s, one can only speculate about what the Mi'kmaq were thinking about the intrusion. Assuming that their fishing and trading activities would have made them aware of the horrors being suffered by the Beothuk, one can conclude that they probably had a strong premonition of bad things to come. It is not much of a stretch to further conclude, given the well-documented and horrific assaults against lightly armed Amerindians by heavily armed Europeans at many locations in the Americas, that bad things were already happening. It doesn't appear that the Mi'kmaq were involved at the time in open hostilities with the fishermen, but they could easily have fallen victim to the slave trade. Fishermen participating in this repugnant activity would have put unaccompanied individuals and small groups of Mi'kmaq at high risk, because selling Amerindian captives to Europe's slave traders was a very lucrative sideline for some of them. Therefore, one can assume that more than a few Mi'kmaq mysteriously disappeared while out fishing and hunting and, unbeknownst to their fellow citizens, ended up being killed or sold into slavery.