What is the only 'big cat' found wild in the Americas which roars?

Cats - Family Felidae: Big Cats Neofelis diardi Borneo and Sumatra For a long time, the Bornean clouded leopard was thought to be identical to the clouded leopards living on mainland Southeast Asia because they look similar, and neither cat roars. These cats are also similar in the respect that both are considered big cats because they have shortened faces and elongated lower canines like the true big cats, even though they both has the body size and shape of a small cat. And, Bornean have the same unique features that clouded leopards have, which distinguish it from other cats, both big and small, and place it in the ame Neofelis genus as the clouded leopard. However, recent genetic analysis has shown the Bornean clouded leopard to a completely separate species of clouded leopard. Scientists have counted at least 40 key differences in the DNA of the two species of clouded leopard - making them almost as different as a lion is to a tiger. Bornean clouded leopards are the biggest predators on Borneo.ï¿½ï¿½Some grow to be as large as a small jaguar. Cheetah Acinonyx jubatus Africa, Asia Cheetahs are classified as a big cat (roaring cat), but they can't roar. They have a rigid hyoid bone in their throat, so they can purr the same way small cats do. And, they lack the special morphology of the larynx necessary for roaring. Vocalization instead consists of purrs, bleats, barks, growls, hisses and a high pitched chirrup sound. Purring is reserved for family and coalition members, though. Cheetahs are the only big cats that can't fully retract their claws. Their claws are only semi-retractile providing extra traction for running and taking quick turns on the savannah. They also have hard pads on their paws to assist with traction. As a result, they are placed in their own genus - Acinonyx. Another way cheetahs are different from most other cats is that they are diurnal, which means they are active in the day. Most cats are nocturnal (active at night). Clouded Leopard Neofelis nebulosa Asia The clouded leopard lives in the tropical rainforests of southeast Asia. Its range include China, Nepal, Bhutan, Malaysia and Sumatra. It is a considered big cat because it has a shortened face and elongated lower canines like the true big cats, even though it has the body size and shape of a small cat. Clouded leopards can't roar. They have a rigid hyoid bone (U-shaped bone located near the base of the skull and suspended above the larynx), so they can purr the same way small cats do. They also lack the special morphology of the larynx necessary for roaring. The clouded leopard has an elongated skull that is different from all other cats, placing it in a separate genus - Neofelis, which literally means "new cat". The clouded leopard's teeth are different from other cats, too. Their canines are the largest in relation to their body size of any cat. And, there is a large gap between the canines and premolars, which enables them to take large bits out of their prey. Their species name nebulosa refers to the cloud-like patterns of their coat. Its genus is considered to be closer to Panthera than Felis. Clouded leopards has relatively short legs and broad paws which make it excellent at climbing trees and creeping through thick forest, but clumsy on the ground. It can climb while hanging upside-down under branches and descend tree trunks head-first. It has have an exceptionally long, thick tail with black ring markings that it uses for balancing. The tail can be as long as the body itself. Another unique feature of the clouded leopard is its oblong pupils that are positioned horizontally unlike the round or linear pupils of other felines. Jaguar Panthera onca North America, South America The Jaguar is the only member of the big cats that lives in the Americas. It is also the largest feline in the Americas. Adult males can reach an overall length of more than 7 feet, and can weigh anywhere from 250 to 400 pounds. Jaguars can roar, but more often, they grunt, snarl, growl and mew. The name Jaguar comes from the ancient Indian name "yaguar" which m


Peripatetic refers to work which involves?

What's a peripatetic worker to do at the end of the walk? - The New York Times The New York Times Your Money |What's a peripatetic worker to do at the end of the walk? Search What's a peripatetic worker to do at the end of the walk? By CONRAD DE AENLLE Continue reading the main story Europeans who spend their careers in more than one country may wonder if the treaties safeguarding the free movement of people and money have an asterisk in the fine print about pensions. With the regulations of retirement systems, and especially the taxation of private pensions, varying from one member state to another, just how likely is it that peripatetic citizens of the European Union will get a fair shake? Tax breaks on contributions to corporate and personal pensions are common across the union, but what if a multinational sends an employee from Country A to Country B? Will Country B allow the employee to write off contributions made to the company's plan back home? If not, then will something equivalent in the new locale provide similar benefits and be worth the administrative hassle of joining? Some success has been achieved in establishing the legal and regulatory architecture necessary to develop cross-border and even regionwide pension plans, according to consultants who specialize in European retirement planning. Even so, the degree of progress is less than some people had expected, and far less than they might have hoped for in what is supposed to be a single economy with a single currency. "Although the legal framework is in place, hardly any true pan-European pension scheme can be found in the market," said Brigitte Miksa, head of international pensions at Allianz Global Investors. Continue reading the main story The most significant piece of EU pension legislation of the past decade introduced a barely fathomable acronym of the sort for which the European Union is renowned: Iorp. It stands for Institutions for Occupational Retirement Provision and refers to the directive intended to establish cross-border pensions. Advertisement Continue reading the main story The term is not to be confused with Ucits, which is short for Undertakings in Collective Investment in Transferable Securities, the Eurocratic term for mutual funds, or Eeyore, a character in the Winnie-the-Pooh stories. But Iorp and Ucits may have enough in common to cause concern in any individual or company looking for greater pension portability. When the first Ucits directive was introduced in 1985, there was hope that it would serve as a single passport for funds - qualify for sale in one country, sell into all others. It took many years before distribution of Ucits funds approached the ease envisioned in the directive. Many countries insisted that fund providers undergo a duplicate approval process, just as cumbersome as the one in the home country, and there were no common rules and procedures for marketing, administration and information reporting. Implementation of the Iorp directive has been impeded by an even greater reluctance among national governments to cede control of pensions. And there is only so much that lawmakers in Brussels can do, Miksa said. Contribution ceilings and tax rates vary from one country to the next, she said, and certain countries, most notably Germany, allow only defined-benefit plans and not defined-contribution plans. Peter Ferrigno, who leads the human capital practice at Ernst & Young, sees conditions in much the same way. History tends to emphasize the differences among European countries rather than the similarities, and that extends to retirement programs. "If you're looking at pensions across Europe, there is a whole range of countries with different philosophies about the role of the state in providing retirement benefits," he said. Establishing cross-border plans involves "trying to fit square pegs in round holes and round pegs in square holes." It is a cumbersome and time-consuming ordeal. Gerry O'Carroll, a senior consultant for the benefits practice at Watson Wyatt, lamented the formidable obstacles to cross-border


nexus - Dictionary Definition : Vocabulary.com Random Word nexus A nexus is a central link or connection. If you happen to be at the nexus of something, you are right in the middle of it, like standing in the middle of an intersection. Nexus entered English during the seventeenth century from the Latin word nectere, meaning "to bind or tie." People tend to use this word to describe the point where different things or ideas come together or intersect. In the field of cell biology, a nexus refers to "a specialized area of the cell membrane involved in intercellular communication and adhesion," and implies that the nexus of a cell facilitates communication among the various parts and allows it to work properly.


What does philogynist mean? This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word philogynist Wiktionary(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: philogynist(Noun) someone who is fond of women as a group Webster Dictionary(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Philogynist(noun) a lover or friend of women; one who esteems woman as the higher type of humanity; -- opposed to misogynist Origin: [See Philogyny.] The numerical value of philogynist in Chaldean Numerology is: 5 Pythagorean Numerology


Which pottery pioneer produced 'creamware' and 'jasperware' in the mid-late 1700s?

Pottery Articles of Interest Identifying Pottery Types Landscaping with Pottery Agateware Agateware was made in England between 1725 and 1750, the earlier pottery was salt glazed, while the later were  just covered with a colorless lead glaze. The pottery was made by mixing different colored clays or different colors of slip. In the first method the different colored clays are usually laid in slabs, one on top of the other and      beaten out to form a very big mound of clay in which the colors are mixed all together. The other method is easier to combine because it is basically clay mixed with water, making it very easy to pour. The different colors are poured together, but it is not mixed, instead a stick is pulled through maybe in a figure eight and then the slip is poured in a mold. Basalt Sometimes called Black Basalt, also spelled Basaltes. It is a hard black glass like stoneware named after the volcanic rock basalt and manufactured by Josiah Wedgwood from about 1768. Wedgwood's black basalt pottery was an improvement on the stained earthenware known as Egyptian black made by other Staffordshire potters. Black basalt barrel pot Bisque Ware Bisque or biscuit porcelain is simply the pottery once it has been fired without the addition of glaze. Bisque figures and groups were popular in the United States in the 18th century and in England the Derby factory produced nice examples around 1770. At that time a piece of unglazed pottery was more expensive than the same piece which had been glazed and colored mainly because the unglazed bisque pieces had to be perfect in every aspect. Glaze covers a multitude of defects. Several early 19th century factories produced charming biscuit figures, groups and animals until the new creamy colored Parian body became fashionable in the 1840's. Cauliflower Ware Creamware was modeled and glazed in green and yellow to simulate a cauliflower and the term also applied to other fruit or vegetable forms. About 1760, William Greatbach did the potting and modeling of cauliflower tureens, cabbage bowls, lettuce pots, pineapple teapots and stands which was sublet to him by Josiah Wedgwood, and when done, were then returned to Wedgwood for glazing. Production was busy and was often copied by other english pottery workers, but it kinda died out after 1769 when Wedgwood's new Etruria works was opened. The cabbage or cauliflower spout, however, is a molded detail still used by Wedgwood today. The Rococo style of plant forms can be seen in the many Chelsea dishes and small tureens of the 1750s in the form of cauliflowers and cabbages as well as melon, quince, cucumber, and lemon tureens, very rare in Wedgwood-Greatbach pottery. Cream Ware Creamware was a cream colored English earthenware of the second half of the 18th century. English pottery workers were experimenting, trying to find a substitute for Chinese porcelain and in about 1750 they finally produced a fine white earthenware with a rich yellowish glaze which is light in body with a clean glaze and it proved ideal for everyday use. The cream color was considered a fault at the time and Wedgwood introduced a white to bluish white product called pearl ware in 1779. It was produced for nearly a century. Creamware, however, continued to be made throughout the 19th century and later. It was Josiah Wedgwood who made a great commercial success with this cheap everyday pottery which he made in England from about 1762. Wedgwood also attracted the patronage of Queen Charlotte who allowed him to adopt the name Queen's ware. His most considerable effort was a creamware dinner service of nine hundred and fifty two pieces supplied to Catherine II the Great of Russia in 1775. Wedgwood Creamware named for Kahterine the Great Delft Delftware, tin-glazed earthenware first made in Delft, Holland, in the early 17th century and was later produced in Holland and England. Heavily influenced by Ming dynasty porcelain, delftware was notable for its thinness and fine decoration, often of manganese purple drawn on the clay before firing with a blue under glaze . P


What is a saury fish, a captain, and a South African long-sleeved shirt?

skipper - definition of skipper in English | Oxford Dictionaries 1.1 The captain of a side in a game or sport: ‘the former Derbyshire batsman has been retained as skipper’ More example sentences ‘At 40, Terry Francona is the game's youngest skipper, and his ability to relate to players is an obvious strength.’ ‘Reds have lost their opening two Super League games but skipper Goulding believes the Reds can turn things round before long.’ ‘Take your pick from the central defensive duo of Paddy McLoughlin and stand-in skipper Ruairi Boyle.’ ‘Nedved showed in the recent European Championships that the Czech skipper is truly up there with the best in his sport.’ ‘And the Wanderers' club skipper insists he is not whistling in the wind.’ ‘At 31-3 ahead Malton lost skipper Creber with a hamstring problem.’ ‘Until the foreign-based players join the squad, Zanaco midfielder Numba Mumamba remains the skipper of the side.’ ‘Our skipper plays games against teams with dominant closers as if they are eight innings long.’ ‘The charismatic South African skipper warns: " Don't write us off".’ ‘Acomb had few problems against a beleaguered Huntington, who lost skipper Darren Willis to an ankle injury.’ ‘And the South Park skipper decided to hold on for the draw in the last over.’ ‘Soames is not letting the poor form of his side drag him down and the young skipper was top scorer with 44.’ ‘Pool, led from the front by their new Australian skipper Simon Dart, are showing good early season form.’ ‘At the end of the game, as Hammers skipper Billy Bonds lifted the cup, Allen's emotions got the better of him and the tears rolled down.’ ‘He should be retained skipper till the 2007 World Cup.’ ‘If what you want from your skipper is to overhit balls and otherwise remain anonymous, then Cafu fulfilled his brief.’ ‘The Kiwi skipper has handled his players deftly and with a greater maturity.’ ‘They know, with the skipper in the side, they won't be lacking guidance and a driving force.’ ‘The ex-Salford skipper did not play competitive rugby for the whole of last season.’ ‘The South African skipper has flared as one of the brightest new talents on the international scene.’ 1.2 The captain of an aircraft. Example sentences ‘Tasar skippers must have as a minimum a YA basic skills certificate of competency.’ ‘I caught it one day from the skipper which may help to explain why, in my book, he was one of the greatest guys I ever knew.’ ‘Done with maneuvers, a US Navy aircraft carrier skipper decided to let his crew vote on which port to visit for shore leave.’ ‘Our skipper would serve as aircraft commander; he also was the air wing's top-hook aviator.’ ‘The skipper followed me as I spiralled down as slowly as possible.’ ‘Unknown to our crew, the skipper had told the squadron our aircraft had ditched, and survivor status was unknown.’ ‘The Air Force skipper gave us the keys to take the jet to Millington, Tennessee.’ ‘Once upon a time, a safety officer had a skipper who told him to do a stand-down.’ Synonyms


How many points are on Twitter's 2012-introduced tweeting flying bird logo (wings, tail and beak)?

Word List | Health Word List You're Reading a Free Preview Pages 27 to 95 are not shown in this preview. You're Reading a Free Preview Pages 122 to 469 are not shown in this preview. You're Reading a Free Preview Pages 497 to 656 are not shown in this preview. You're Reading a Free Preview Pages 683 to 1342 are not shown in this preview.


Which notable leader won the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize?

Nobel Peace Prize: ten famous winners - Telegraph Norway Nobel Peace Prize: ten famous winners As Barack Obama is announced as the winner of the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize, we  look back at ten of the most famous - and infamous - past winners.   Image 1 of 3 The committee said it attached special importance to Mr Obama's vision of and work for a world without nuclear weapons Photo: GETTY   Image 1 of 3 South Africa's most prominent civil rights leader and former president won the 1993 prize for his work to end the apartheid regime Photo: REUTERS   Image 1 of 3 Mother Teresa, the founder of the Missionaries of Charity won the 1979 prize for her work caring for the poor in the slums of Calcutta Photo: REUTERS By Nick Collins 12:02PM BST 09 Oct 2009 1. Martin Luther King Jr. Perhaps most famous for his "I have a dream" speech, he was the winner in 1964 in recognition of his role as a figurehead of the non-violent civil rights and anti-segregation movements in America. At the age of 35 he was the youngest man to have received the award, and donated all his prize money to the civil rights movement. South Africa's most prominent civil rights leader and former president won the 1993 prize for his work to end the apartheid regime. Related Articles Barack Obama 'humbled' by Nobel Peace Prize 09 Oct 2009 Mandela shared the prize with Frederik Willem de Klerk, the president who released him from prison and lifted the ban on his anti-apartheid ANC party, paving the way for a new constitution. 3. Mother Teresa Born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu in Skopje in 1910, the founder of the Missionaries of Charity won the 1979 prize for her work caring for the poor in the slums of Calcutta. Despite having no money, she built her Christian order into a worldwide organisation with the help of volunteers and charitable donations. 4. Jimmy Carter In 2002, the former American president was commemorated for his "decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development." During his time as President, he played a key role in disarmament talks with the Soviet Union, resulting in the SALT II treaty, and established relations between the US and China, as well as a number of other international peace treaties. 5. Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho One award that raised eyebrows was the 1973 prize, given to US Henry Kissinger, the US Secretary of State, and Le Duc Tho, a key member of the North Vietnamese government, who declined the prize. The pair, who engaged in secret talks that led to a ceasefire in Vietnam, were controversial winners due to their respective roles in the war in Vietnam, in which both sides attracted bitter criticism. 6. Theodore Roosevelt The American president was named as the winner in 1906 for successfully negotiating a peace agreement that ended the Russo-Japanese war. He also helped bring the first case before the International Court of Arbitration at The Hague, asking for the tribunal to resolve an old dispute with Mexico over the Pious Foundations of California. 7. Aung San Suu Kyi The Burmese freedom fighter won the prize in 1991 in recognition of her leading role in the non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights in Burma. She was elected prime minister in 1990, but was prevented from assuming office by the military. She has spent more than 11 of the past 19 years in some form of detention, and is currently under house arrest, but is seen by many as the best hope for the end of military repression in Burma. 8. Al Gore The former US vice president was recognised in 2007 for his efforts to raise awareness about climate change and other environmental issues, chiefly through his documentary, An Inconvenient Truth. Explaining their decision, the awarding committee said Mr Gore and the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, with whom he shared the prize, were helping to prevent future conflicts across the world. 9. Mikhail Gorbachev He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990 for his role in the peace process between Am


The Chicxulub crater is a prehistoric impact crater buried underneath the Yucatan Peninsula in what country?

"Dinosaur-Killer" Asteroid Crater Imaged for First Time "Dinosaur-Killer" Asteroid Crater Imaged for First Time National Geographic News March 7, 2003 A high-resolution map from NASA's Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), released yesterday, has provided the most telling visible evidence to date of a 112-mile (180-kilometer) wide, 3,000-foot (900-meter) deep impact crater, the result of a collision with a giant comet or asteroid on one of Earth's all-time worst days. The existence of the impact crater, Chicxulub, was first proposed in 1980. In the 1990s, satellite data and ground studies allowed it to gain prominence among most scientists as the long sought-after "smoking gun" responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs and more than 70 percent of Earth's living species 65 million years ago. Digg StumbleUpon Reddit The relatively obscure feature is all but hidden in the flat limestone plateau of Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula. But using 3-D measurements of the Earth made with instruments on board an orbiting Space Shuttle, the remnants of the crater can now be seen clearly. "There are spectacular features that pop out in these maps as never before, and more subtle features, like Chicxulub, become apparent for the first time," said Michael Kobrick, SRTM project scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Pasadena, California. "In fact, much of the surface expression of Chicxulub is so subtle; if you walked across it you probably wouldn't notice it. That's where the view from space becomes invaluable, " Kobrick said. The Chicxulub data show a subtle, yet unmistakable, topographic indication of the impact crater's outer boundary: a semicircular trough 10 to 15 feet (3 to 5 meters) deep and 3 miles (5 kilometers) wide. Scientists believe the impact, centered off Yucatán's coast in the Caribbean, disturbed the subsurface rocks, making them unstable. The rocks were subsequently buried by limestone sediments, which erode easily. The crater rim's instability caused the limestone to fracture along the rim, forming the trough. Exactly how the Chicxulub impact caused Earth's mass extinctions is not known (see links below). Scientists imagine three possible scenarios: Some think the impact threw massive quantities of dust into the atmosphere which blocked the sun and arrested plant growth. Others believe sulfur released by the impact lead to global sulfuric acid clouds that blocked the sun and also fell as acid rain. Another possibility is that red-hot debris from the falling asteroid or comet triggered global wildfires. In February, NASA finished processing the SRTM mission's North America data set and delivered it to the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA). More than eight terabytes of data recorded aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour were refined into 200 billion research-quality measurements of Earth's landforms. NIMA will perform additional data finishing and send it to the U.S. Geological Survey's Earth Resources Observation Systems Data Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, for final archiving and distribution. Read More About Chicxulub:


What eponymous 1969 theory blames organizations for promoting managers to levels at which they are incompetent?

The Bozo Bomber | Palisades Hudson Financial Group Posted by Larry M. Elkin, CPA, CFP® Comments Off on The Bozo Bomber Physical attacks and cyberattacks get most of the attention, but I would bet that far more enterprises are harmed, and much more financial damage is done, by the kind of menace who sows the seeds of destruction from within: the bozo bomber. If you own a business, or run one (or both), you might want to resolve this year to root out this threat, or to clean up the damage if you have already been struck. You might be familiar with the bozo bomber , or the related term “ bozo explosion ,” if you have worked in Silicon Valley. Otherwise, you probably aren't. But most every experienced manager has run across at least one bozo bomber in real life. Steve Jobs is sometimes credited with coining the term bozo bomber to describe an incompetent executive, who then promotes incompetent managers, who in turn recruit and develop incompetent personnel at all levels of the organization. It is distinct from, but related to, the “ Peter Principle ,” a theory advanced in 1969 that in an organizational hierarchy, every individual tends to rise to his or her level of incompetence. In other words, we promote people who are doing a good job until they reach a point where they start doing a bad job, and then we keep them there. Dr. Laurence J. Peter and Raymond Hull wrote a humorous book about this phenomenon, but like a lot of humor, it contained more than a little bit of truth. So, too, did Jobs’ less-lighthearted observation about the tendency of supervisors to hire less-than-stellar underlings. We are a little more nuanced in the way we approach management in the 21st century, as compared to the militaristic view of corporate life that the Greatest Generation (led by people who served in World War II and Korea) brought into the business world of the 1950s and 60s. The Peter Principle blames the organization itself for promoting incompetence. Promotion was seen as something that automatically followed a certain tenure in a position when accompanied by satisfactory performance review. It was like getting promoted from grade to grade in elementary school simply for passing all your classes, which was what happened before we invented high-stakes testing. These days, we recognize more individual distinctions. Taken to its extreme, Jobs’ view (if in fact it was he who originated the bozo bomber terminology) is that you can divide senior managers into two categories: stars and bozos. (Millennials, be advised: The original Bozo was a television clown who entertained your baby boomer parents in the 1960s.) Stars are self-confident high achievers. They want the organization to succeed, and the way they see it, the best way to do that is to work with as many other stars as possible; indeed, stars tend to be impatient with lesser performers. The star executive does not worry about being eclipsed by an underling. She or he feels emotionally and professionally secure, and takes pride in having a protege who becomes a star as well. Stars, as you might imagine, make excellent mentors. Bozos are the opposite. A bozo is always prepared to hog the credit and avoid the blame. While a star welcomes diverging views in a meeting and is quick to applaud someone else’s better idea, a bozo is concerned about being contradicted or embarrassed. A bozo sees the people he supervises as an ecosystem whose function is to support his or her professional advancement. To a bozo, the organization’s ultimate success is at best a secondary concern, except to the extent that it personally benefits the bozo. The higher the bozo’s place in an organization, the greater the potential damage. I have seen business owners who are bozos. They relish being the top dog in part because it protects them from the risk of being exposed. This sort of bozo might even succeed in a small-office setting, working as an accountant or a lawyer or a dentist or an architect, because the bozo may possess sufficient technical skill to attract paying customers. Such a manager can’t grow a


Bardiche, Bill, Glaive, Halberd, and Voulge are types of?

Polearm | Wikihack | Fandom powered by Wikia Edit Polearms are capable of attacking enemies from two squares away, but the procedure for using them is different from other weapons. A polearm must be wielded (like any weapon), and then applied via the a command each time you want to strike. This is referred to as pounding ; consult that article for a full discussion. Simply walking into an opponent, as with ordinary melee weapons, will have decidedly sub-optimal effects; you will deal only d2 damage, with no bonuses, and will not train polearm skill . If you are mounted , you may use polearms for melee attacks with full effectiveness. Polearms deal less damage than other two-handed weapons in most circumstances, but they are an attractive option for roles such as Rangers and Wizards , who can ride but are restricted in the better two-handed weapon skills, and the ability to transition from pounding to melee without switching weapons grants distinct tactical advantages. Interestingly, in NetHack, one of the great uses of polearms is not for fighting mounted opponents, but for fighting sea monsters , since staying two squares away from water makes a character immune from their grabbing attack and drowning . If you have no simpler method for dealing with the sea monsters, it can be worthwhile to grab the best polearm you find and spend some time training with it before going to a level with open water. Another useful feature of polearms is that, like missile weapons, pounding deprives monsters of their passive attacks : Floating eyes can not paralyze you, for instance. Packed Rooms Edit In leprechaun halls, throne rooms, and other rooms where every space is filled with monsters, a character with stealth can use polearms to attack monsters behind other monsters, protecting themselves from being attacked, and in some cases, preventing the target from moving. Comparison table Edit Here is a quick comparison of all polearms. You can sort the table by name, appearance, small damage, large damage, weight or value. The halberd and bardiche are overall best for damage, but the spetum does great damage for only 50 weight. The ranseur is also a respectable lightweight polearm. The bec-de-corbin and lucern hammer offer poor damage for such heavy weapons. Name Edit Polearms were popular in warfare for combatting mounted soldiers, and those with heavy armor. The polearms (arms on poles) increased leverage for cutting the armor, and increased reach for reaching above the horse. As time went on the various different weapon types borrowed heavily from each other and began to look like each other, which has lead to a great deal of confusion over classification. Warfare is, after all, a ruthlessly pragmatic matter, and classification is a hobby for comfortable people after the dust has settled. If you search the internet now for examples of these weapons, you are likely to see weapons completely mislabeled as something different. Halberd Edit The halberd was a mainstay weapon in many armies for a long time. The halberd is a poleaxe, meaning an axe on a pole. Its main identifying feature is that the blade is always angled slightly downward, which explains NetHack's description of an angled poleaxe. In addition to the axe, halberds also have both a spear tip, and spike or hook on the rear for penetrating armor or hooking. A nice three-in-one weapon. Due to the popularity of this weapon, there are a wide variety of different styles, although some were only parade weapons. The halberd is one of the best NetHack weapons, and this is consistent with its role in real warfare. Bardiche Edit NetHack calls the bardiche a long poleaxe and that is exactly right, if you assume that the "long" applies to "axe" and not "pole". A bardiche is nothing more than a long axe blade on a stick. The cutting blade was typically two feet long or more, and usually attached to the pole in two places (in the middle and the bottom). But it is mounted on one of the shortest poles for a polearm, only about five feet. So "short poleaxe" would be accurate also. This si


Scoliosis affects which part of the body?

Scoliosis Affects the Entire Body Scoliosis Affects the Entire Body in Scoliosis Scoliosis is generally viewed as a lateral curvature of the spine with an axial twist that causes a distortion of the ribs. Current research shows that ideopathic scoliosis is a multifaceted disease that compromises five of the body’s systems: digestive, hormonal, muscular, osseous (bones), and neurological. Scoliosis affects the entire skeletal system including the spine, ribs, and pelvis. It impacts upon the brain and central nervous system and affects the body’s hormonal and digestive systems. It can deplete the body’s nutritional resources and damage its major organs including the heart and lungs. Some factors that can cause scoliosis include: cerebral palsy, birth defects, muscular dystrophy and Marfan syndrome. However, 80% of scoliosis is idiopathic (unknown in origin). According to the International Scoliosis Society, one in nine females and a smaller percentage of males have some sign of scoliosis. Approximately 4% of the general population is affected. While the average patient is between 10-15 years of age, many adults suffer from this disease as well. Conditions arising as a result of scoliosis include rib deformity, shortness of breath, digestive problems, chronic fatigue, acute or dull back pain, leg, hip, and knee pain, acute headaches, mood swings, and menstrual disturbances. Scoliosis is a progressive condition that can continue to progress even after skeletal maturity. Millions of scoliosis sufferers are routinely misinformed about the accelerating nature of their spinal curvature progression Contact: Gary A. Deutchman, D.C., P.C. 1-800-281-5010


Italian Jacopo Peri (1561-1633) is regarded as the inventor of?

Jacopo Peri, 1561-1633 | On Baroque Bach, Corelli, Scarlatti, Vivaldi, Handel . . . Jacopo Peri, 1561-1633 Tu dormi e’l dolce sonno Al canto, al ballo, all’ombra Dunque fra torbide onde (madrigale) Selected Sheet Music L’Euridice (complete version) Notes and Commentary Jacopo Peri was an Italian composer and singer of the transitional period between the Renaissance and Baroque styles, and is often called the inventor of opera. He wrote the first work to be called an opera today, Dafne (around 1597), and also the first opera to have survived to the present day, Euridice (1600). In the 1590s, Peri became associated with Jacopo Corsi, the leading patron of music in Florence. The two of them believed contemporary art was inferior to classical Greek and Roman works, and attempted to recreate Greek tragedy, as they understood it. Their work added to that of the Florentine Camerata of the previous decade, which produced the first experiments in monody, the solo song style over continuo bass which eventually developed into recitative and aria. Peri and Corsi brought in the poet Ottavio Rinuccini to write a text, and the result, Dafne, though nowadays thought to be a long way from anything the Greeks would have recognised, is seen as the first work in a new form, opera. Rinuccini and Peri next collaborated on Euridice. This was first performed on October 6, 1600, at the Palazzo Pitti. Unlike Dafne, it has survived to the present day (though it is hardly ever staged, and then only as an historical curio). The work made use of recitatives, a new development which went between the arias and choruses and served to move the action along. Peri produced a number of other operas, often in collaboration with other composers, and also wrote a number of other pieces for various court entertainments. Few of his pieces are performed today, and even by the time of his death his operatic style was looking old-fashioned when compared to the work of relatively younger reformist composers such as Claudio Monteverdi. Peri’s influence on those later composers, however, was large. He lived from August 20, 1561, to August 12, 1633.— Excerpted from Wikipedia Books and Music $38.77 on Amazon “Richard Goldthwaite, an economic historian, and Tim Carter, a musicologist, have done much more than write a biography: their investigation exposes the remarkable value of Peri’s private account books and other financial documents as a primary source for an entire period. This record of Peri’s wide-ranging investments and activities in the marketplace enables the first detailed account of the Florentine economy in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, and also opens a completely new perspective on one of Europe’s principal centers of capitalism.”—From the book description at Michael Shamansky, Bookseller Selected Music


The Manganese Bronze company took over production of what famous vehicle from 1973-2012, first made in 1948?

Black Cab History 1960 Beardmore, front view 1960 Beardmore, rear view Production of the Beardmore Taxi began at Paisley in 1919 with what became known retrospectively as the Mk1. This was designed to meet the Metropolitan Police Conditions of Fitness for London Taxis. It was a very tough and reliable vehicle and it earned itself the name of 'The Rolls-Royce of taxicabs'. A car version, the Country and Colonial model was also made, as was a light van. It was replaced in 1923 by the Mk2, which had an all-new chassis, which it shared with a new range of light trucks and buses. Following a change in the Conditions of Fitness, Beardmore introduced a new model, the Mk3 'Hyper'. This had a smaller, 2-litre side-valve engine and was lighter and more economical to run. Following the removal of William Beardmore from the board of his company in 1929, Beardmore Motors was bought out by its directors, and taxi production was moved from Scotland to Hendon, North London. Here in 1932 a new model, the Mk4 Paramount was introduced, which was essentially an updated Mk3 with a 2-litre Commer engine and gearbox. In 1935, the Mk5 Paramount Ace, with a new longer wheelbase chassis was introduced, with the same engine. It was followed in 1938 by the Mk6 Ace, which had detail refinements. The 1930s Beardmore became known as the 'greengrocer's barrow', because 'all the best things were in front'! After the Second World War, Beardmore Motors sold and serviced the new Nuffield Oxford cab, until the newly formed British Motor Corporation axed it in favor of their own Austin FX3. Beardmore Motors then returned to making their own cabs. The model they introduced, in 1954 was the Mk7 Paramount, which had a traditional style coach-built body, of aluminum panels over an ash frame, built by Windover. The engine was from a Mk1 Ford Consul, (later, a Mk2 Consul and finally a Ford Zephyr 4) but a Perkins 4.99 diesel was offered from 1956. In the same year, body production was taken over by Weymann at Addlestone. Production of the entire cab was soon moved there. In 1966, when Metropolitan-Cammell bought Weymann, taxi production was moved to MCW's factory at Washwood Heath, Birmingham, where it ended in late 1966. Final production of the Mk7 amounted to just over 650 cabs. Austin FX 3 1949 Austin FX3 1958 Austin FX3 The Austin FX3 was introduced in 1948, built by Carbodies in Coventry and financed and owned jointly by Carbodies, Austin and Mann and Overton. The FX3 first appeared with a 2.2 litre petrol engine but had the option of a Ferguson diesel in 1952, before Austin developed its own 2.2 litre diesel in 1954 and an all-steel body from Carbodies. It was available until the late fifties. The first prototype FX3, JXN 841 went on test alongside the FX2, JXN 842. After-market Perkins and Standard diesel engine conversions prompted Austin to develop their own diesel engine which appeared in 1956 and a series of automatic test vehicles in 1957-58, of which two are known to survive. 7267 examplaries of the FX3 were built from 1948 to 1958. The FX3 is also the first London cab to have been exported in numbers all over the world. Austin FX4, Carbodies/LTI FX4, FX4D, FX4R, FX4S, FX4S+ Austin FX4, Museum of Transport, Manchester Austin FX4 with bunny ears and small tail lights FX4D FX4S The FX4 is the classic Black Cab. While the majority are black, there is in fact no requirement for them, or indeed any other make of London taxi to be black. Over the years, the FX4 has been sold under a number of different makers' names. More than 75,000 FX4s had been built. Design and launch The FX4 London taxi was the successor to the Austin FX3, which was produced between 1948 and 1958. In its day the FX3 was the most widely used taxi in London. Like the FX3, the FX4 was designed by Austin in collaboration with Mann & Overton, the London taxi dealership that commissioned it (and paid for half of its cost) and Carbodies, the coachbuilder that built the body and assembled the cab ready for sale. The design team included Albert Moore from Austin's engineering division, Jack Hel


What single iconic name is associated with a fried sandwich of peanut butter, banana and bacon?

The Elvis Peanut Butter and Fried Banana Sandwich with Bacon Recipe - Everyday Southwest Everyday Southwest The Elvis Peanut Butter and Fried Banana Sandwich with Bacon Recipe January 8, 2013 by Sandy 19 Comments Happy Birthday, Elvis!  Celebrate the King’s birthday today by making his amazing Peanut Butter and Fried Banana Sandwich withBacon Recipe.  The blackberries are my addition, call it my present to the King.  I’ve always heard of Elvis’ love for fried banana sandwiches but, I have never actually had one.  So, I did a little research to see what a fried banana sandwich is all about.  Let’s just say they don’t call him The King for nothing.  The sandwich is all melted, warm peanut butter, salty bacon and a little hint of banana between two crispy slices of bread. While looking for a description of Elvis’ favorite sandwich, I spent quite a bit of time surfing the web hunting for clues on how to make an authentic Peanut Butter and Fried Banana Sandwich.  I searched the usual suspects like the Food Network, the Cooking Channel, cookbooks on Amazon.com, chefs like Nigella and Paula.  They all had sandwiches that they claimed were the “Elvis” but, none of the offerings seemed fit for a king.  The sandwiches seemed more like a peanut butter and banana grilled cheese, not nearly the stuff legends are made of.  That’s when I found it.  A clue.  A single sentence that gave me the feeling that this was something special.  After following link after link from the Graceland site it’s self, I stumbled onto a description of the way Elvis’ mother, Gladys, made the sandwich.  Of course.  Mom.  The description mentioned the bacon, the peanut butter, the bread and then, as an after thought, “she fried the bananas in the bacon fat.”   Cue angels singing and lightbulb moments.  That was it.  The secret of the Elvis Peanut Butter and Fried Banana Sandwich was, in deed, “fried bananas.” To be truthful, I never saw a mention of blackberries.  But, I checked on the internet to make sure blackberries grow in Mississippi.  Besides, I can’t get the image of a little barefoot boy running down the dirt road leading home with his fists full of blackberries and the evidence of the ones he couldn’t carry staining his cheeks.   I’ll have to admit that we started our birthday celebrations a little early.  I wanted to have plenty of time to perfect “the Elvis” before sharing it with you. And, it did take a time or two to get it right.  Here are some tips you might want to follow:   First, resist the urge of “more is more.”  My first sandwich was so filled with peanut butter that it oozed out of the sandwich and into the pan after melting.  It was delicious but, I found myself licking my fingers more than actually chewing.  Too much blackberry jam will over take the bananas. Second, frying the bananas in the leftover bacon fat has the unexpected effect of “mellowing” out the banana flavor.  I was surprised by this.  I thought that cooking the bananas would concentrate the flavor.  Be sure to cut them thicker that 1/4 inch and use as many slices as you would like.  And, if you have bananas that are on the “green side,” all the better. Third, dust the bananas with flour before frying.  As I cooked the bananas, I kept thinking about the word that always accompanies this sandwich… “fried.”  Just cooking them in the pan didn’t seem to fit the word “fried.”  The second batch I dusted in flour just like you do for southern fried chicken.  Elvis is southern, it only makes sense that his mother would fry the bananas this way.  What I found was that the bananas got a very light “crust” on them and turned a prettier shade of golden brown.  The flour must have sealed in some of the banana flavor and their taste was detected more easily in the sandwich Last, I thought the sandwich could use a little acidity.  I had some blackberries in the fridge so I cooked them with a little sugar and lemon juice.  Just cook them long enough to get them hot, really, and they will give up their juice when you smash them with a fork.  I left mine very lumpy and rustic with a rath


Ikebana, English Garden, and High Style are styles of what?

What Is the Japanese Art of Ikebana? By Jamie McIntosh Updated June 28, 2016. If you’ve ever placed a single flower stem in a vase and admired the simplicity of your design, you will appreciate the clean lines and understated beauty of ikebana flower arrangements. The art of ikebana can make converts out of people who once thought flower arrangements were too fussy or feminine for their home or office. Ikebana History Ikebana has its roots in 6th century Buddhism practice in Japan. Just as sympathy flowers are an integral part of many cultures today, the Buddhists believed that one should offer flowers to the spirits of the deceased to honor Buddha. This was the responsibility of temple priests, who gradually turned these offerings into an art form. The word Ikenobo is used so frequently in context of ikebana discussions that newcomers to the art might think the terms are synonymous. In fact the word Ikenobo refers to the Japanese description of a lakeshore. A Kyoto priest who resided on a lakeshore was so renowned for his ikebana designs that he became a teacher for all who wanted to master this art. continue reading below our video 3 Items to Make Your Home More Modern In 1545, the Ikenobo school of ikebana was established, which laid down the fundamentals of rikka ikebana design still being practiced today. Ikebana Flower and Plant Materials It makes sense that many flowers and plants with native Asian heritage are valued in ikebana design. Some of these flowers have special significance for Japanese festivals . For example, the iris is used in ikebana designs for the celebration of Boys’ Festival on May 5th, and the chrysanthemum naturally predominates during the Chrysanthemum Festival on September 9th. Other flowers favored in ikebana designs include the camellia , tree peony , and narcissus . As in Western flower arrangements, leafy greens and stems provide a calming foil for the vibrancy of flowers, so expect to see bamboo grass and leaves, pine branches, willow, and other foliar elements in the arrangements. Ikebana Supplies If you’ve dabbled in floral arranging before, you will find that many of the same or similar tools and materials are used in ikebana. In addition to fresh flowers and foliage, there are three essentials that any ikebana artist should have on hand to create basic arrangements : Vases and Containers: Ikebana containers come in many styles, but glass, ceramic, and lined bamboo baskets are popular choices. Vases and containers may be tall and narrow, or very shallow, depending on the style of ikebana that is practiced and the plant materials used. Kenzan: The Japanese term for a flower frog is kenzan. This refers to a series of pins, affixed to a flat disk or mat, that hold flower and plant stems in place. Think of kenzan as the Japanese substitute for floral foam. Kenzan is especially important in ikebana designs that use shallow containers. Scissors or Shears: Traditional ikebana scissors have large teardrop-shaped handles and stout, thick blades suitable for slicing cleanly through thick twigs or snipping delicate blossoms. Some ikebana artists use floral wire to bind flower stems together or to support spindly flower stems. Small decorative stones or marbles are useful to hide the kenzan in transparent vases or shallow containers. Ikebana Styles Most ikebana arrangements fall into one of three basic design categories. Moribana uses a flat container, kenzan, and usually multiple blooms. Nageire features three plant groupings that loosely form a triangle. Shoku has an upright or vertical arrangement, often in a tall vase. Ikebana arrangements that don’t follow any explicit rules may be termed freestyle. Learning Ikebana Although there is much more to this art form than casually placing a few stems in a container, creating simple ikebana arrangements is possible with some beginning instruction. The ikebana hobbyist may start by reading some books on ikebana or watching instructional videos. Many floral design schools offer ikebana courses for more advanced instruction.


What singing voice originally held the melody in choral music?

A Brief History of Singing In the beginning was the voice. Voice is sounding breath, the audible sign of life. --Ibid. Men sang out their feelings long before they were able to speak their thoughts. But of course we must not imagine that "singing" means exactly the same thing here as in a modern concert hall. When we say that speech originated in song, what we mean is merely that our comparatively monotonous spoken language and our highly developed vocal music are differentiations of primitive utterances, which had more in them of the latter than of the former. These utterances were, at first, like the singing of birds and the roaring of many animals and the crooning of babies, exclamative, not communicative--that is, they came forth from an inner craving of the individual without any thought of any fellow-creatures. Our remote ancestors had not the slightest notion that such a thing as communicating ideas and feelings to someone else was possible. --Otto Jespersen, Language, Its Nature, Development and Origin Singing, the vocal production of musical tones, is so basic to man its origins are long lost in antiquity and predate the development of spoken language. The voice is presumed to be the original musical instrument, and there is no human culture, no matter how remote or isolated, that does not sing. Not only is singing ancient and universal, in primitive cultures it is an important function associated not so much with entertainment or frivolity as with matters vital to the individual, social group, or religion. Primitive man sings to invoke his gods with prayers and incantations, celebrate his rites of passage with chants and songs, and recount his history and heroics with ballads and epics. There are even cultures that regard singing as such an awesome act they have creation myths relating that they were sung into existence. It is likely the earliest singing was individualistic and improvisatory, a simple imitation of the sounds heard in nature. At what point the singing of meaningful, communicative sounds began cannot be established, but it was doubtless an important step in the creation of language. Many anthropologists believe the development of a lowered larynx (important to articulate speech, as it effectively makes the flexible lower tongue the front wall of the pharynx) was a relatively recent aspect of human evolution. There are no bones in the human larynx, so archaeological remains offer no direct physical evidence of the vocal apparatus of prehistoric man. We lack studies that correlate vocal characteristics to body size, the basic gender difference aside, but there is general belief large-bodied peoples (Slavs, for example) frequently produce low-voiced singers, while small-bodied peoples (Mediterraneans, for example) produce more high-voiced singers. If there is any validity in this, the voice that belonged to the owner of the prehistoric jaw bone unearthed in 1909, at Heidelberg, Germany, may have been remarkable--it is half-again the size of a modern jaw. Carrying the idea of relating body size to vocalism into more recent periods, we see modern man has grown too large to fit the armor of medieval knights and, still more recently, we suspect an increasing rarity of the male alto voice type. Tempting though it is to see a relationship between such things, we lack the means to support it factually. Based on our knowledge of the singing of present-day primitive peoples, a possible scenario of musical development would begin with simple melodic patterns based on several tones. Pitch matching (several persons singing in unison) might emerge next, with singing in parallel motion (the natural result of women or children singing with men), call-and-answer phrases, drone basses and canon as subsequent steps. All this could lead to an evolving sense of tonic and scale structure (primitive music often uses pentatonic scales) and the development of such basic musical devices as melodic sequences and cadential formulae. HISTORICAL ANTIQUITY The major early cultures that were sources for Western mu


What sort of implement has a heel and toe and is characterized by variable features including kerf, gullet, fleam, rake, and points per inch?

Lumber Glossary » Maki Building Centers - Gardner, Lunenburg, and Sterling since 1949 Abney Level Hand-held clinometers that are used to measure slope in percent. Above-ground Biomass The above ground portion of a tree, excluding the root system. Abrasives A material that is used to shape or finish a work piece through rubbing which leads to the work piece being worn away. Absolute Humidity The weight of water vapor per unit of air; usually expressed as grains/cu. ft. Absorption The gain of free water by the cell cavities. Access The means of gaining entry to timber on a tract or logging chance. Accumulating Sheer Shearhead on a feller-buncher that is capable of accumulating and holding two or more cut stems. Across The Grain Generally perpendicular to the grain direction. Actual Dimensions The exact measurements of a piece of lumber. (i.e. – a 2×4 (nominal dimensions) is actually 1 ½ inches thick by 3 ½ inches wide.) AD (Air-Dried) Lumber which has been air dried. ADF A term used to define a condition upon which payment of an invoice may be made. Adherent A material that is held to another material by an adhesive. Adhesion A substance in which two surfaces are held together by inter-facial forces, which may consist of valence forces or interlocking action or both. Adhesive A substance capable of bonding material together by surface attachment. ADI After date of Invoice. Admiralty Shackle A heavy shackle at the tail end of the tree that connects the skyline to the sub line (guy line extension). Adult Wood Wood produced after cambial cells have attained maximum dimensions. Advanced Decay An older stage of decay readily recognized as wood that has become punky, soft, spongy, stringy, rinkshaked, pitted, or crumbly. Adverse Grade In highway transport, uphill haul that requires trucks to use lower gears; a gradient that slopes upward in the direction of loaded log truck travel. Aerial Logging Yarding system employing aerial lift of logs, such as balloons or helicopters. Afforestation Establishment of forest crops through artificial methods, such as planting or sowing on land where trees have never grown. A-Frame Two wooden or metal uprights mounted in the shape of the letter “A” to support lead blocks at the upper end. African Blackwood Dark purple-brown with black streaks African Mahogany Heartwood varies from light to deep reddish-brown African Padauk Vivid blood red heartwood to dark purple-brown African Walnut Bronze-Orange heartwood After Date of Invoice A term used to define a condition of sale; cash discounts are often allowed for payment within a specified period “after date of invoice.” After Deducting Freight A term used to define a condition upon with payment of an invoice may be made. Against The Grain A reference to the cutting direction; as in planing a board surface, such that splitting ahead of the cutter follows the grain direction downward into the wood below the projected cutting surface. Also, generally perpendicular to the grain direction, across the grain. Age Mean age of the trees comprising a crop, forest, or stand. In forests, the mean age of dominant (and sometimes co-dominant) trees is taken. The plantation age is generally taken from the year the plantation was begun without adding the age of the nursery stock. Age Class One of the intervals, commonly 10 or 20 years, into which the age range of tree crops is divided for classification or use. Also pertains to the trees included in such an interval. (i.e. trees ranging in age from 21 to 40 years fall into a 30-year ago class; 30 designates the midpoint of the 20-year interval from 21 to 40 years.) Air Cleaner (Air Polisher) A machine designed to filter fine dust from the air in a workshop. A blower moves air past a series of filters to capture the airborne dust. Air Compressor A compressor that takes in air at atmospheric pressure and delivers it as a higher pressure. Air Hose A hose that carries air under pressure. Air-Dried Lumber Lumber that was dried, usually outside, to equilibrium moisture content with the air it was exposed to. Any lumber be


What is the female equivalent of the Oedipus complex in Jungian/Freudian psychosexual theory?

What Is the Electra Complex? What Is the Electra Complex? Search the site By Kendra Cherry Updated January 29, 2016 The Electra complex is a psychoanalytic term used to describe a girl's sense of competition with her mother for the affections of her father. It is comparable to the male Oedipus complex. Resolving the Electra complex ultimately leads to identification with the same-sex parent. How Does the Electra Complex Work? According to Sigmund Freud , during female psychosexual development , a young girl is initially attached to her mother. When she discovers that she does not have a penis, she becomes attached to her father and begins to resent her mother who she blames for her "castration." As a result, Freud believed that the girl then begins to identify with and emulate her mother out of fear of losing her love. While the term Electra complex is frequently associated with Freud, it was actually Carl Jung who coined the term in 1913. Freud rejected the term and described it as an attempt "to emphasize the analogy between the attitude of the two sexes." Freud himself used the term feminine Oedipus attitude to describe what we now refer to as the Electra complex. When Does the Electra Complex Take Place? According to Freudian theory, an important part of the developmental process is learning to identify with the same-sex parent. During the stages of Freud's theory of psychosexual development, the libidinal energy is focused on different erogenous zones of the child's body. If something goes wrong during any of these stages, a fixation at that point in development might occur. Such fixations, Freud believed, often led to anxiety and played a role in neurosis and maladaptive behaviors in adulthood. Freud described the Oedipal complex as a boy's longing for his mother and competition with his father. The boy possesses an unconscious desire to replace his father as his mother's sexual partner, thus leading to a rivalry between son and father. At the same time, however, the boy also has a fear that his father will discover these desires and castrate him out of punishment. To resolve this anxiety, the boy instead begins to identify with his father and develop a desire to be more like his father. Freud believed that it was this process that leads children to accept their gender roles, develop and understanding of their own sexuality and even form a sense of morality. A Brief Background of the Electra Complex The term itself is derived from the Greek myth of Electra and her brother Orestes, who plotted the death of their mother for revenge of their father's murder. Freud developed the underlying ideas of the Electra complex, although he did not term it as such. Freud instead referred to a girl's tendency to complete with her mother for possession of her father as the feminine Oedipus attitude or the negative Oedipus complex. Freud and Jung were originally close friends and colleagues, but Jung increasingly grew dissatisfied with certain aspects of Freud's theories. He felt that Freud emphasized the role sexuality played in motivating human behavior. Eventually, Jung resigned from his psychoanalytic affiliations and acrimony grew between the two men. It was Jung who went on to dub Freud's feminine Oedipus attitude as the Electra complex. Defence Mechanisms and the Electra Complex A number of defense mechanisms play a role in the resolving the Electra complex. It is the primal id that demands the child to possess her mother and compete with her father. To resolve the conflict, these urges and desires must first be repressed from conscious memory. During the next part of the process, identification occurs. The girl begins to identify with her mother and incorporate many of the same personality characteristics into her ego. This process also allows the girl to internalize her mother's morality into her super-ego, which ultimately directs her to follow the rules of her parents and society.


Cape, Katanga, Masai, Barbary and Asiatic are generally considered sub-species of what 'apex' predator?

The Charismatic African Lion - Africa Point Blog The Charismatic African Lion - Africa Point Blog The African lion is a magnificent, charismatic, and awesome beast. It is the largest of Africa’s big cats, and is widely respected due to its reputation as a fierce predator. The lion has a grand presence; it oozes power, strength, and dignity, and for those Talk to a Safari Expert on the Ground +1 202 8880593 Home  >  Blog  >  The Charismatic African Lion The Charismatic African Lion Wildlife , Lion The African lion is a magnificent, charismatic, and awesome beast. It is the largest of Africa’s big cats, and is widely respected due to its reputation as a fierce predator. The lion has a grand presence; it oozes power, strength, and dignity, and for those qualities many seek to be associated with it. It is depicted in innumerable family crests, seals, emblems, national flags, and coats of arms, in many parts of the world and through many civilizations.   The lion is the leading member of the prestigious club of the ‘Big Five’, alongside the elephant, rhino, leopard and buffalo. It is an apex predator- and sits right at the top of the food chain. On account of its character and regal bearing, the lion has long been referred to as the ‘King of the Beasts’. You may therefore be surprised to learn that it is not even the biggest of the big cats; it comes second after the tiger. Lions live together in close family groups called prides; they are actually the only social felines. The lion is essentially a very large cat, powerfully built for supremacy in the wild. It is slightly smaller in size than the tiger, but much larger than the leopard. Unlike its striped and spotted kin, it wears a plain coat with colours ranging from yellowish beige to a tawny brown or darker, with a hint of gold. The lion is a carnivorous mammal known to scientists as panthera leo. At least about 10,000 ago, the lion roamed freely in the fields of the Lord; in the Americas -from Alaska all the way to Peru; in Europe through the Middle East to Asia, and in its original home of Africa. In fact scientists believe that it was then the most widely dispersed large mammal besides man. Thereafter, its population continuously dipped, eventually becoming extinct in some regions. Today it is only in Africa that lions have remained widespread, and even so only in sub-Saharan Africa - particularly eastern and southern Africa. In Asia only about 300 individuals remain in Gir Forest Sanctuary in the north-west of India. The lion at present does not survive outside protected areas. The African genre is classified in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as Vulnerable (VU), and is termed as ‘likely to become endangered unless the circumstances threatening its survival and reproduction improve’. The Asiatic one is considered as already endangered, but there are currently numerous breeding programs trying to replenish it. Lions have no natural predator- their only real enemy is man. They have greatly suffered under man's dominion of the earth, mainly through hunting and poaching. The rise in human population -and resulting human–wildlife conflict, disturbances such as war and civil unrest, habitat loss and environmental degradation, are the key factors challenging the survival of the African lion. The lion’s future hangs in the balance; but those fighting the good fight to improve its survival chances insist that “the king is not dead, long live the king!”. Lions in Africa are today estimated to number not more than 30,000, from about 100,000 in the early 1990's. The lion is classified in 8 sub species- mainly on the basis of geography, mane appearance, and size. Asia’s only surviving subspecies, which is commonly known as the Indian lion once thrived all through the Middle East to Asia, as far as Bangladesh. The other seven subspecies are all African. They favour savannah grasslands, open woodlands, and scrub habitats. Africa’s Barbary lion has perhaps become extinct, though it is speculated that most zoo lions are drawn from this subspecies. This lion stood as the larges


A metal ring or grommet in a sail or other nautical attachment, through which a rope passes is a?

Translation of Grommet in English More: English to English translation of grommet A grommet is a ring or edge strip inserted into a hole through thin material, typically a sheet of textile fabric, sheet metal and/or composite of carbon fiber, wood or honeycomb. Grommets are generally flared or collared on each side to keep them in place, and are often made of metal, plastic, or rubber. They may be used to prevent tearing or abrasion of the pierced material or protection from abrasion of the insulation on the wire, cable, line being routed through the penetration, and to cover sharp edges of the piercing, or all of the above. See more at Wikipedia.org... More: English to English translation of grommet Noun 1. fastener consisting of a metal ring for lining a small hole to permit the attachment of cords or lines (synonym) cringle, eyelet, loop, grummet (hypernym) fastener, fastening, holdfast, fixing More: English to English translation of grommet 1. A reinforced eyelet, as in cloth or leather, through which a fastener may be passed. A small metal or plastic ring used to reinforce such an eyelet. 2. Nautical. A loop of rope or metal used for securing the edge of a sail to its stay


Units: S the South African geodetic foot (see below). sailmaker ounce (smoz) a traditional unit measuring the weight (per unit area) of sailcloth. The   weight in sailmaker ounces is the weight in ordinary (avoirdupois) ounces   of a piece of cloth 36 inches by 28.5 inches. Thus 1 smoz is equal to 1.263   ounces per square yard (oz/yd2) or 42.828 grams per square meter   (g/m2 or gsm). However, spinnakers (the large triangular foresails   of yachts) are traditionally named by the fabric weight before it is finished,   so these names do not correspond exactly to the sailmaker-ounce weights. A   "half-ounce" spinnaker, for example, has a weight of about 0.85 smoz or 37   gsm, and a "three-quarter-ounce" spinnaker has a weight of about 1 smoz. salmanazar a large wine bottle holding about 9 liters, 12 times the volume of a regular bottle . saltspoon (ssp) a unit of volume formerly used in U.S. food recipes. The saltspoon equals   1/4 teaspoon or about 1.2 milliliters. sao a traditional unit of land area in Vietnam. The sao varies somewhat from   province to province. It is equal to 360 square meters (430.6 square yards)   in many places, but as much as 500 square meters (598.0 square yards) in others. saros a unit of time used in astronomy, mostly in predicting solar and lunar   eclipses. The saros is equal to 6585.32 days [1] (6585 days 7 hours 23 minutes),   which is exactly 223 lunar months . (This   is either 10.32 or 11.32 days more than 18 years, depending on the number   of leap years during the period.) Astronomers in ancient times discovered   that the saros is very nearly equal to 19 eclipse   years (6585.78   days). This means that one saros after an eclipse the Sun, Moon, and Earth   return almost exactly to the same position and another, very similar eclipse   occurs. However, because of the 7 hours 23 minutes included, the Earth has   turned about one third of a revolution and the new eclipse occurs about   116° of longitude west of the preceding one. After 3 saros, the eclipse returns   nearly to its original location. Thus eclipses at a particular location   tend to repeat with a period of 3 saros or 54 years and about 1 month. Thus   the last total solar eclipse in North Carolina, on 1970 March 7, will repeat   on 2024 April 8 and again on 2078 May 11. saturation a measure of the brightness of a color; see color   units . savart a unit used in music to describe the ratio in frequency between notes.   The difference between two frequencies in savarts is equal to 1000 times   the logarithm of the ratio between the two frequences. Thus there   are 1000·log(2) = 301.03000 savarts in an octave .   (In applications, this is sometimes rounded to 300.) The savart is equal   to about 3.9863 cents [3] or 3.3219 millioctaves .   Two notes differ by one savart if the higher note has a frequency   equal to 21/301.03 = 1.002 305 times the frequency of the lower note. The unit is named for   a French physicist, Félix Savart (1791-1841); although best known   for his work in electromagnetism, Savart also did pioneer research in the   physics of sound. Saybolt Universal second (SSU or SUS) and Saybolt   Furol second (SSF or SFS) units of kinematic viscosity given by readings on Saybolt viscometers. The   Saybolt Universal viscometer is used for liquids having viscosities below   1000 centistokes (or 10 stokes, see entry for stokes below). The Saybolt Furol   viscometer is used for more viscous road and fuel oils ("furol" is an acronym   for fuel and road oils). In both cases the reading is the time, in seconds,   for 60 milliliters of a sample to flow through the device. The Furol viscosity   readings are roughly 1/10 the Universal readings. For liquids whose viscosity   exceeds 50 centistokes at 37.8 °C (100 °F) one SSU is approximately   0.2158 centistokes or 0.2158 mm2/s. For very viscous liquids (viscosity   exceeding 500 centistokes) at 50 °C (122 °F), one SSF is approximately   2.120 centis


In ancient Greek mythology the godly personification of the sky, Uranus, had his what cut off?

The Divine Almanac - History Dictionary The Divine Almanac Index of ancient     deities, gods in history A - Z.   God of the ancient Egyptians. Also       spelled Amun, Amen, or Ammon. King of the gods. Combined with the sun god Re,       worshipped as one, Amon-Re, but also       revered separately. Roman       equivalent is Jupiter. Daughter of King Cepheus and Queen       Cassiope. Rescued from a sea monster, married, and seven times       impregnated by Perseus.   Forte:       All things sex, love, and beauty. Wife       of Hephaistos. Son of       Zeus and Leto. His twin sister was       Artemis. Roman       equivalent is (more or less) Helios. Apollo       managed to kill the dragon Pytho,       transformed himself into a dolphin,       and established his private oracle       practice at Delphi. Apollo's son was Asclepius. Greek       goddess of all hunters. Roman       equivalent is Diana. Artemis' twin brother was Apollo.       Their parents were Zeus and Leto.   Asclepius was the son of Apollo and       Princess Coronis.   Greek       goddess of war and wisdom. Roman       equivalent is Minerva. Athena's father was Zeus. No mother       was necessary as she sprang from       Zeus' forehead.   Greek       god, a Titan, who cut Uranus' balls       off. Son of       Uranus and Gaea, which were Heaven       and Earth. Forte: All things agriculture. Son of       Aphrodite and Ares. Brother of Phobos. Line       of expertise: Fear and terror.   Daughter of Cronus and Rhea. Sister       and occasional lover of Zeus. Mother       of Persephone. Roman goddess       of the hunt. Greek       equivalent is Artemis. Greek       god and wine connoisseur. Hence also       an expert on party and ecstasy. Son of       Zeus and Semele.   Forte:       All things chaos and discord.   Mother       and wife of Uranus, who stood for       Heaven. One       of their son was Cronus. Gaea's forte: Dreams, plants, and       young children. Gaea's and Uranus' children and       their descendants were also called       the Titans. Egyptian equivalent is Geb (male.)   Greek god,       a Titan of the second generation,       and the god of the underworld. Son of Cronus and Rhea. Husband of Persephone. Greek god       of the sun. Roman equivalent is Apollo. Expertise: Fire. Patron of       craftsmen. The ultimate blacksmith. Son of       Zeus and Hera. Kicked out of heaven       because he was born lame. Husband of beautiful Aphrodite. Daughter of Cronus and Rhea. Sister and wife of Zeus. Roman equivalent is Juno. Son of Zeus and Maia. Equivalent of the Roman god Mercury. Messenger of the gods. Egyptian Falcon god. Also called Hor or Har. Son of       Osiris and Isis. Arch-rival was Seth. Major       goddess of ancient Mesopotamia. Also       called Ianna. Ancient Middle East equivalent is       the goddess Astarte.   Also       called Aset or Eset. Wife       of Osiris. Very pretty, very smart,       very powerful. Mother       of Horus. Chief       god of the Romans Also       called Jove. Line       of expertise:       sky and weather Greek equivalent is Zeus. The       month of March was named after him. Greek equivalent is Ares. Evil       figure in Greek mythology. Strength: Snake hair and wings. Weakness: Mortal. One of       the three Gorgons. The other ones       were Stheno and Euryale. Perseus cut off her head and from       her blood popped Chrysaor and       Pegasus.   Forte:       All things merchandise and       merchants. Greek       equivalent is Hermes. Roman       god of the sea. Greek       equivalent is Poseidon. Norse       god. Also       called Woden. Woden's day became


Charles Stent practised what surgery, for which he invented his eponymous technique?

Stent: The Man and Word Behind the Coronary Metal Prosthesis | Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions Stent: The Man and Word Behind the Coronary Metal Prosthesis Ariel Roguin Originally published April 19, 2011 Ariel Roguin prosthesis Introduction Interventional cardiologists implant stents every day. Stents are also used in numerous other medical disciplines such as plastic surgery, gastroenterology, urology, and oral and maxillofacial surgery. 1 – 5 Uses range from rebuilding mandibles and other oral surgical procedures, constructing new ureters, keeping skin flaps, and as biliary conduits. 6 – 11 What is the source of this word stent everyone is using in daily practice? This article describes the origin of the word, how it became so popular, its use in medicine outside the cardiovascular system, and the people who used this term first. Charles Thomas Stent: An English Dentist The current acceptable origin of the word stent is that it derives from the name of a dentist. Charles Thomas Stent (1807 to 1885) was an English dentist notable for his advances in the field of denture-making. He was born in Brighton, England, on October 17, 1807 ( Figure 1 ), and was the 6th son of William and Hannah Stent. He was a dentist in London and is most famous for improving and modifying the denture base of the gutta-percha, creating the Stent's compounding that made it practical as a material for dental impressions. His accomplishments led to his appointment as Dentist to the Royal Household in 1855. 1 – 4 Figure 1. Charles Thomas Stent (1807 to 1885). Image courtesy of the Journal of the History of Dentistry. Gutta-percha is a natural latex produced from tropical trees native to Southeast Asia and northern Australasia. In 1847 it was introduced as a material for making dental impressions. It was used to fill the empty space inside the root of a tooth after it has undergone endodontic therapy. Interestingly, this same material was also used for furniture, and, because of its good electric insulation properties, it was used also to insulate telegraph wires. Gutta-percha served as the insulating material for some of the earliest undersea telegraph cables, including the first transatlantic telegraph cable. However, in dentistry this material was unsatisfactory for several reasons, including its tendency to distort on removal from the patient's mouth and to shrink on cooling. In 1856, Charles Thomas Stent added several other materials to the gutta-percha, notably stearine, a glyceride of stearic, palmitic, and oleic acids, a substance derived from animal fat that markedly improved the plasticity of the material as well as its stability. He also added talc as an inert filler to give more body to the material and added red coloring. He and his wife Caroline had 2 sons and a daughter, Fanny. Both his sons, Charles R. Stent (1845 to 1901) and Arthur H. Stent (1849 to 1900), became dentists, and together they founded a firm, C. R. and A. Stent, which manufactured the increasingly popular Stent's Compound. Charles T. Stent died in 1885 and was buried in London. The sons continued marketing the compound through the prestigious dental supply company, Claudius Ash and Sons of London. When the last of the Stent brothers died in 1901, Ash's firm purchased all rights to the compound and manufactured it, keeping the Stent name ( Figure 2 ). Claudius Ash and Sons became an international company, in 1924 merging with de Trey & Company to form the Amalgamated Dental Company; it is now a division of Plandent Limited. Download powerpoint Figure 2. Logo stamp of the Stent compound when manufactured by Claudius Ash and Sons. Image courtesy of the Journal of the History of Dentistry. Early Use of Stent's Name in Surgery The transition of the dental impression compound into a surgical tool is attributable to Johannes Fredericus Esser (1877 to 1946), a Dutch plastic surgeon who pioneered innovative methods of reconstructive surgery on soldiers with face wounds during the First World War. This war saw the introduction of trench warfare. Soldiers in the trenc


From Greek words meaning 'flesh preserver' what coal-tar oil was widely used in wood treatment and medicine?

creosote - definition and meaning creosote Definitions from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition n. A colorless to yellowish oily liquid containing phenols and creosols, obtained by the destructive distillation of wood tar, especially from the wood of a beech, and formerly used as an expectorant in treating chronic bronchitis. n. A yellowish to greenish-brown oily liquid containing phenols and creosols, obtained from coal tar and used as a wood preservative and disinfectant. It can cause severe neurological disturbances if inhaled in strong concentrations. transitive v. To treat or paint with creosote. from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License n. A pale yellow oily liquid, containing phenols and similar compounds, obtained by the destructive distillation of wood tar, once used medicinally. n. A similar brown liquid obtained from coal tar used as a wood preservative. n. The creosote bush. v. To apply creosote. from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English n. Wood-tar oil; an oily antiseptic liquid, of a burning smoky taste, colorless when pure, but usually colored yellow or brown by impurity or exposure. It is a complex mixture of various phenols and their ethers, and is obtained by the distillation of wood tar, especially that of beechwood. transitive v. To saturate or impregnate with creosote, as timber, for the prevention of decay. from The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia To apply creosote or a solution of creosote to; treat with creosote: as, to creosote wood to prevent its decay. n. A substance first prepared from wood-tar, from which it is separated by repeated solution in potash, treatment with acids, and distillation. from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. v. treat with creosote n. a dark oily liquid obtained by distillation of coal tar; used as a preservative for wood n. a colorless or yellowish oily liquid obtained by distillation of wood tar; used as an antiseptic Etymologies from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition German Kreosot : Greek kreas, flesh; see kreuə- in Indo-European roots + Greek sōtēr, preserver (from sōzein, to save; see teuə- in Indo-European roots). from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License From German Kreosot, from kreas ("flesh") + soter ("preserver"). Examples American manufacturer, and one of unknown origin, but sold as beech-wood creosote (German), and each proved to be _pure wood creosote_.


What was the name given in Ancient Greek mythology to the time/situation before the creation of the universe?

Greek creation myths Greek creation myths by Daphne Elliott In the beginning, Chaos , an amorphous, gaping void encompassing the entire universe, and surrounded by an unending stream of water ruled by the god Oceanus , was the domain of a goddess named Eurynome , which means "far-ruling" or "wide-wandering". She was the Goddess of All Things, and desired to make order out of the Chaos. By coupling with a huge and powerful snake, Ophion , or as some legends say, coupling with the North Wind, she gave birth to Eros , god of Love, also known as Protagonus, the "firstborn". Eurynome separated the sky from the sea by dancing on the waves of Oceanus. In this manner, she created great lands upon which she might wander, a veritable universe, populating it with exotic creatures such as Nymphs , Furies , and Charites as well as with countless beasts and monsters. Also born out of Chaos were Gaia , called Earth, or Mother Earth, and Uranus , the embodiment of the Sky and the Heavens, as well as Tartarus , god of the sunless and terrible region beneath Gaia, the Earth. Gaia and Uranus married and gave birth to the Titans , a race of formidable giants, which included a particularly wily giant named Cronus . In what has become one of the recurrent themes of Greek Mythology, Gaia and Uranus warned Cronus that a son of his would one day overpower him. Cronus therefore swallowed his numerous children by his wife Rhea , to keep that forecast from taking place. This angered Gaia greatly, so when the youngest son, Zeus , was born, Gaia took a stone, wrapped it in swaddling clothes and offered it to Cronus to swallow. This satisfied Cronus, and Gaia was able to spirit the baby Zeus away to be raised in Crete, far from his grasping father. In due course, Zeus grew up, came homeward, and got into immediate conflict with the tyrant Cronus, who did not know that this newcomer was his own son. Zeus needed his brothers and sisters help in slaying the tyrant, and Metis , Zeus's first wife, found a way of administering an emetic to Cronus, who then threw up his five previous children, who were Hestia , Demeter , Hera , Hades , and Poseidon . Together they went to battle against their father. The results were that all of his children, led by Zeus, vanquished Cronus forever into Tartarus' domain, the Dark World under the Earth. Thus, Zeus triumphed over not only his father, and his father's family of Giants, he triumphed over his brothers and sisters as well, dividing up the universe as he fancied, in short, bringing order out of Chaos. He made himself Supreme God over all, creating a great and beautiful place for his favored gods to live, on Mount Olympus , in Thessaly. All the others were left to fend for themselves in lands below Mount Olympus. Zeus made himself God of the Sky and all its phenomena, including the clouds as well as the thunderbolts. Hestia became goddess of the Hearth. To his brother Poseidon, he gave the rule of the Sea. Demeter became a goddess of Fertility, Hera (before she married Zeus and became a jealous wife), was goddess of Marriage and Childbirth, while Hades, one of his other brothers, was made god of the Underworld. Zeus did indeed bring order out of Chaos, but one of his failings was that he did not look kindly upon the people, those creatures that populated the lands over which he reigned. Many were not beautiful, and Zeus had contempt for anyone who was not beautiful. And of course they were not immortal, as the Olympian gods were, and they complained about the lack of good food and the everlasting cold nights. Zeus ignored their complaints, while he and the other gods feasted endlessly on steaming hot game from the surrounding forests, and had great crackling fires in every room of their palaces where they lived in the cold winter. Enter Prometheus , one of the Titans not vanquished in the war between Zeus and the giants. It is said in many myths that Prometheus had created d a race of people from clay, or that he had combined specks of every living creature, molded them together, and produced a new race, The Common M


What logical common name is given to the cells which initiate cardiac contraction and so control heart rate?

The Heart Login with Facebook  |  Login The Heart When learning about the structure and function of the heart, it is useful to have a labelled diagram close to hand. Even better still would be to get to a butcher or supermarket and buy a lamb heart and investigate for yourself! It is also worth looking for animations of the cardiac cycle on the internet to try and give you an image of how this organ functions. Anatomy Until you are comfortable with the structure of the heart, it will be very difficult to understand HOW the heart works. You should be able to identify the following structures: Right atrium (RA) Semilunar valves The Cardiac Cycle The four chambers of the heart are continually contracting and relaxing in a sequence known as the cardiac cycle. Contraction of a chamber is SYSTOLE (pronounced sistolee) and relaxation DIASTOLE (pronounced diastole). The left and right sides of the heart actually contract simultaneously but in order to understand how blood moves through the circulatory system we will consider each half separately. Right atrium receives blood from Superior vena cava (SVC) - carries blood from upper body (head, arms) Inferior vena cava (IVC) - carries blood from lower body (chest, abdomen, legs) Blood flows from right atrium, across tricuspid valve, into right ventricle Blood leaves right ventricle and enters pulmonary artery Backflow into RV prevented by semilunar pulmonic valve Deoxygenated blood arrives at lungs via pulmonary artery Oxygenated blood leaves lungs via pulmonary vein Blood from pulmonary vein enters left atrium Blood flows from left atrium, across mitral valve, into left ventricle Left ventricle has a thick muscular wall / generates high pressures during contraction Blood from LV is ejected, across aortic valve, into aorta TASK: using a simple diagram (boxes will do), draw arrows showing how the blood moves through the chambers and blood vessels. A common exam question at both GCSE and A Level is why is the muscle of left ventricle is thicker than right ventricle? If you’ve done a heart dissection at school, this will certainly be something which the teachers pointed out and there is in fact a considerable difference between the two chambers. The reasons for this are outlined below: The pressure of the blood in the aorta is higher than pulmonary artery The left ventricle must therefore generate more pressure to overcome pressure of aorta Therefore, thicker muscle required in left ventricle The problem of backflow: Between each chamber of the heart are valves which prevent the blood being forced back into the chamber from which it was just pushed out. Between the atria and the ventricles are the tricuspid and mitral valves (mitral is on the left and tricuspid on the right). These are known as the atrioventricular valves. If you’ve dissected a heart you will have seen fibrous strands leading from ‘flaps’ at the top of the ventricles. These strands (cordae tendinae) are attached to papillary muscles which contract during ventricular systole which generates tension pulling the AV valves shut. The pulmonary artery and the aorta also contain valves to prevent the blood from these vessels falling back into the ventricles. These are known as the Semilunar valves (pulmonic and aortic). They do not work in the same way as the AV valves. Instead, the pressure of blood within the vessel actually causes the closure of the semilunar valves. Pressure Changes At several points so far, pressure has been mentioned. It is an important aspect of the cardiac cycle and a factor which can be used to identify which stage of the cardiac cycle a heart is in. In fact, examiners love to provide you with pressure graphs and ask you to analyse the cardiac cycle. It is therefore worth us spending a little time going over the principles of ‘Isovolumetric contraction’ - it sounds worse than it is! As a chamber fills with blood, the pressure is going to rise. When a chamber contracts, the pressure is going to rise. Changes in pressure affect whether a valve is open or closed. Fluids always move from areas of high p


What informal rule, named after Intel Corp's co-founder, predicts the doubling of transistors on microchips every two years?

Free - Chris Anderson by StRiKeR StRiKeR - issuu Free The Future of a Radical Price Chris Anderson To Anne Contents List of Sidebars Prologue 1. The Birth of Free What Is Free? 2. Free 101 A Short Course on a Most Misunderstood Word 3. The History of Free Zero, Lunch, and the Enemies of Capitalism 4. The Psychology of Free It Feels Good. Too Good? Digital Free 5. Too Cheap to Matter The Web‘s Lesson: When Something Halves in Price Each Year, Zero Is Inevitable 6. ―Information Wants to be FreeR> <„21; The History of a Phrase That Defined the Digital Age 7. Competing with Free Microsoft Learned How to Do It Over Decades, but Yahoo Had Just Months 8. De-Monetization Google and the Birth of a Twenty-First-Century Economic Model 9. The New Media Models Free Media Is Nothing New. What Is New Is the Expansion of That Model to Everything Else Online. 10. How Big is the Free Economy? There‘s More to It Than Just Dollars and Cents Freeconomics and the Free World 11. Econ 000 How a Century-old Joke Became the Law of Digital Economics 12. Nonmonetary Economies Where Money Doesn‘t Rule, What Does? 13. Waste Is (Sometimes) Good The Best Way to Exploit Abundance Is to Relinquish Control 14. Free World China and Brazil Are the Frontiers of Free. What Can We Learn from Them? 15. Imagining Abundance Thought Experiments in ―Post-Scarcity‖ Societies, from Science Fiction to Religion 16. ―You Get What You Pay For‖ And Other Doubts About Free Coda Free in a Time of Economic Crisis Free Rules The Ten Principles of Abundance Thinking Freemium Tactics Fifty Business Models Built on Free Acknowledgments Searchable Terms About the Author Other Books by Chris Anderson Credits Copyright LIST OF SIDEBARS<%" „/span> HOW CAN AIR TRAVEL BE FREE? HOW CAN A DVR BE FREE? HOW CAN EVERYTHING IN A STORE BE FREE? HOW CAN A CAR BE FREE? HOW CAN HEALTHCARE SOFTWARE BE FREE? HOW CAN TRADING STOCKS BE FREE? HOW CAN AN EXCLUSIVE CONFERENCE REMAIN PRICEY IF IT‘S FREE ONLINE? HOW CAN DIRECTORY ASSISTANCE BE FREE? HOW CAN SILVERWARE BE FREE? HOW CAN A MUSIC CD BE FREE? HOW CAN A TEXTBOOK BE FREE? WHY DO FREE BIKES THRIVE IN ONE CITY, BUT NOT ANOTHER? HOW CAN A UNIVERSITY EDUCATION BE FREE? HOW CAN MILLIONS OF SECONDHAND GOODS BE FREE? PROLOGUE IN NOVEMBER 2008, the Surviving members of the original monty python team, stunned by the extent of digital piracy of their videos, issued a very stern announcement on YouTube: For 3 years you YouTubers have been ripping us off, taking tens of thousands of our videos and putting them on YouTube. Now the tables are turned. It‘s time for us to take matters into our own hands. We know who you are, we know where you live and we could come after you in ways too horrible="0„ to tell. But being the extraordinarily nice chaps we are, we‘ve figured a better way to get our own back: We‘ve launched our own Monty Python channel on YouTube. No more of those crap quality videos you‘ve been posting. We‘re giving you the real thing—high quality videos delivered straight from our vault. What‘s more, we‘re taking our most viewed clips and uploading brand new high quality versions. And what‘s even more, we‘re letting you see absolutely everything for free. So there! But we want something in return. None of your driveling, mindless comments. Instead, we want you to click on the links, buy our movies & TV shows and soften our pain and disgust at being ripped off all these years. Three months later, the results of this rash experiment with free were in. Monty Python‘s DVDs had climbed to No. 2 on Amazon‘s Movies and TV best-sellers list, with increased sales of 23,000 percent. So there! Free worked, and worked brilliantly. More than 2 million people watched the clips on YouTube as word of mouth spread and parents introduced their children to the Black Knight and the Dead Parrot Sketch. Thousands of viewers were reminded how much they loved Monty Python and wanted more, so they ordered the DVDs. Response videos, mashups, and remixes spread, and a new generation learned the proper meaning of ―Killer Rabbit.‖ And all this cost Monty Python essentially n


What Italian word for 'it follows' refers to a smooth transition between two items, especially musical pieces?

Music Glossary [M.Tevfik Dorak] Naxos Music Glossary       Sofia Open Access Courses : Musicianship   Alla breve: A tempo mark indicating quick duple time; i.e., 2/2 instead of 4/4. So, the minim but not the crotchet is the unit of time. Allemande: A moderate duple time dance (4 or 2). It generally has a short upbeat of one semiquaver (occasionally three) at the beginning. The Baroque suit usually starts with an allemande, which is followed by the faster courante. Alto: A singer whose vocal compass is between the G below middle C and the D above the treble clef. In men, this is usually achieved by a bass singing falsetto, in women it is usually referred to as contralto. Anacrusis: Starting a phrase with an upbeat note, therefore, making the first note an unaccented one. Antefatto: In opera, the parts of the plot that are assumed to have happened prior to the action on stage. Il Trovatore and Fidelio are examples of operas, which have extensive antefattos (also called argomento). Antiphony: Alternating sounding. In its original meaning it meant the singing of the successive verses of a psalm by alternating choruses. Apotheosis: The perfect (quintessential) example; to glorify as of supreme worth (used very frequently to describe a piece of music!) Appoggiatura: An unprepared, non-harmonic note, which does not belong to the chord on the strong beat. Approached by leap and resolves downwards or upwards by step (sometimes by leap) into the chord. In contrast, suspensions are prepared (not approached by leap) and never resolve by leap. Appoggiatura may be shown as an ornament or may be absorbed in the ordinary notation (nineteenth century). When there are two appoggiaturas on the same beat, it is called double appoggiatura. For a triple appoggiatura, see b.181 of the first movement of Beethoven's String Quartet Op.18, No.1). Arabesque: A florid melodic section (the real meaning is a florid element in Arabian architecture). Generally used for characteristic pieces of a more or less casual type. Arpeggio: A chord whose notes are presented one at a time successively instead of as a stack of notes sounding at the same time. Also called broken chord. Articulation: The way successive notes are joined to one another in performance. Opposite kinds of articulation are staccato (detached) and legato (smooth). The three standard signs of articulation are the dot, the bow or slur, and the tenuto dash. Augmented sixth chords: These are a group of chromatic chords usually occur on the flattened submediant or flattened supertonic. In harmonic progression, their place is invariably before the dominant (V) or the cadential six-four (Ic). The augmented sixth chord resolves by opening outward to form an octave, and a dominant chord. If the augmented sixth is on the flattened submediant (Ab:F# in C major), the resolution will be on the dominant seventh chord (G in C major). If it is on the flattened supertonic (Db:B in C major), the resolution will be on the dominant seventh chord on the tonic (one way of modulating to the subdominant). The German sixth is enharmonically equivalent to the dominant seventh. The drive of the (German) augmented sixth chord towards the dominant is frequently exploited in harmony (used instead of II). They are also used to modulate by forming a German sixth on the flattened submediant of the target key (see modulation). Back to Bach movement: The movement, which revisited Baroque musical forms and paved the way to Neoclassicism in the twentieth century. Some important works of this period are Stravinsky's Octet for Winds, Pulcinella (a ballet with songs based on Pergolesi's music), Hindemith's Kammermusik Op.36 and Holst's Fugal Concerto (written in 1923). Music historians use the word neoclassicism for the period after 1923. Ballad: A poem that tells a story, often of a historic, legendary or fairy-tale character. Ballad opera: A light opera constructed by fitting new lyrics to popular existing tunes. It includes extensive spoken dialogue. The Beggar's opera was the first inspiring success. The German Singspiel was