Which St Helens player is the only man to win the Lance Todd trophy (awarded to the man of the match in the Rugby League Challenge Cup Final) three times?

BBC SPORT | Rugby League | Challenge Cup | Challenge Cup final as it happened Challenge Cup final as it happened By Mark Orlovac Latest updates (all times BST): 80 mins: FULL-TIME Huddersfield 12-42 St Helens Saints are in possession and they are content to wind the clock down. The hooter goes and St Helens celebrate their first trophy under coach Daniel Anderson. Sean Long is awarded the Lance Todd trophy and is the first player to win the Challenge Cup man of the match three times. 79 mins: Paul tries to create a try as Giants aim to finish with a flourish, however, his kick is well covered by the Saints defence. 76 mins: A smothering tackle on his own line from Cayless prevents Huddersfield scoring. 73 mins: TRY Huddersfield 12-42 St Helens Saints are looking dangerous again and Long's grubber into the in-goal area causes chaos in the Giants defence. Prop Jason Cayless, looking as battered and bruised as Wilkin, barges his way through to touch down and after consultation with the video ref - the try is given. Lyon adds another two points. 70 mins: TRY Huddersfield 12-36 St Helens The Giants are battling bravely despite their predicament. Drew decides to kick early and places a deft kick over the top to get Robbie Paul on the scoresheet. De Vere kicks the goal. 67 mins: TRY Huddersfield 6-36 St Helens Cunningham shows electric pace from a play-the-ball to leave the Giants defence trailing. He gives the ball to Wilkin, who has the simple task of claiming his second try. Lyon kicks his sixth goal from in front of the posts. 63 mins: Huddersfield make a rare foray forward but the ball is lost by Steve Snitch. The Giants look like a beaten team now and Saints have had 60% of the second-half possession. 57 mins: TRY Huddersfield 6-30 St Helens Long's dummy puts him through and his sublime kick to the corner is a gift for Lyon, who dives, catches and scores in one movement. The Saints centre, who has now scored in every round of this year's Challenge Cup, dusts himself down to fire the conversion over from the touchline. "Huddersfield have to change their game plan now. The Saints defence is controlling them and they are not getting the yards they did in the first half." Jonathan Davies 51 mins: TRY Huddersfield 6-24 St Helens It is surely all over for Huddersfield now. Roby's grubber kick from 10m out is perfectly weighted and Fa'asavalu touches down. Lyon adds the extras. 48 mins: Huddersfield try to get out from under their posts after a Gardner attack breaks down. Giants winger Stuart Donlan is flattened by a high tackle from Wilkin, who is now covered in blood. Despite the boos from the crowd, Wilkin is not dismissed but is placed on report. 44 mins: TRY Huddersfield 6-18 St Helens Maurie Fa'asavalu smashes his way through the Giants defence. He offloads to James Roby who is brought down by Chris Nero but there are just too many numbers and Jon Wilkin, who has a strapped up nose after an earlier collision, dives over to put his side in control. Lyon collects his third conversion. 42 mins: Saints threaten early on. Pryce produces a superb offload to set up Long, who tries the same but the ball goes forward. 41 mins: St Helens get the second half started. 1543: Huddersfield are the first ones out while St Helens take their time in taking the field. "Now St Helens are in a bit of rhythm. They have withstood the best Huddersfield have thrown at them and if they get enough possession in the second half, one on one they could be too strong and skilful. They could run away with it in the second half." Ian Millward "For a quarter of the half Huddersfield were on top with their kicking game and their kick chase but St Helens were patient and brought the ball back a lot further on each of the kicks. "Now it is about belief, Huddersfield can still score points. To win now they will have to be a little different than they were in the first half." Brian Noble 40 mins: HALF-TIME Huddersfield 6-12 St Helens With Twickenham bathed in late August sunshine, the hooter goes and the teams go off for half-time. 36 mins: TRY Huddersfield 6-1


What name is given to the smallest bottle of Champagne, equivalent to one quarter of a bottle or 0.1875 litres?

Complete Guide to all Large Format Wine Bottles, Sizes and Shapes Share Complete Guide to all Large Format Wine Bottles, Sizes and Shapes When Size Matters… An explanation and complete guide for all the different Wine Bottle sizes and shapes, along with the history of the bottle shapes and all the most important details for all the large format wine bottle sizes used for Bordeaux wine, California wine, Rhone wine and other wines ranging from tiny bottles all the way up to the largest format we know of, which holds the equivalent of a whopping 40 bottles! Wines come in a myriad of styles from big, full bodied and fortified, to light and petite. Bordeaux wine and bottles for other wines are produced in an equally wide array of wine bottle sizes and shapes too. The main change in sizes and shapes for wine bottles began taking place in the early to mid 1700’s. The different wine bottle shapes and sizes started taking shape once it was discovered that cork could act as a sealing agent, which allowed the wines to age or at least not spoil. The next step in the evolution of wine bottle shapes and sizes came about when it was discovered that larger bottles not only looked better, they could also change the taste of a wine. This ability to change took place because the larger sized wine bottles allowed the wine to age and develop over longer periods of time than the standard glass bottles of the day. Larger wine bottle sizes are well suited to longer aging of Bordeaux wine or other wines. It is a known fact that wine from larger format wine bottles age more slowly, and possibly even develop more complexity and nuances than wines from smaller wine bottle sizes. This is due to the smaller amount of air, or more accurately, (oxygen and sulfur dioxide) that resides between the cork and the wine. The surface to air ratio between the wine and the bottom of the cork is called ullage. The amount of ullage can either oxidize the wine, causing it to age prematurely, or develop at a slower pace of maturity. This takes because because the more air the surface of the wine is exposed to, the faster the wine is going to develop. That is why half bottles develop so much faster than large format bottles. This means that if you’re planning on buy a very old bottle of wine, or aging a wine for 30, 40, 50 or in some cases 100 years, the wine will most likely be better if it was aged in a large format bottle. Plus, large format wine bottles also look quite impressive on the dinner table! Very large format bottles have one other advantage and disadvantage. On the plus side, large format bottles, due to the thicker glass, and the volume of wine inside the bottle are less likely to experience temperature variations. Steady temperatures can help wine age more evenly. Very large format bottles might also require custom made corks that need to be individually cut and produced. Because that cork was made one at a time by a person, that exact size might not be perfect, which could lead to an imperfect seal and if that is the case, the wine will not age as well. All wine bottle sizes have their own, unique name. Interestingly, you will note that many of the unique names for various wine bottle sizes were inspired by Biblical characters. For example: -Jeroboam: “First King of The Kingdom” -Methuselah: “Oldest Man” -Balthazar: “One of The Wise Men” -Nebuchadnezzar: “King of Babylon” -Solomon: “King Solomon, the wisest of all men, built the Temple in Jerusalem” -Melchizede: “Name of several priesthoods in different religions including the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints” Other wine bottle sizes like 1000 ml 500 ml and 250 ml are some of the unique wine bottle sizes available. It is important to know, some wine bottle sizes, usually larger formats are only used for the production of Champagne. In fact Champagne is famous for creating numerous wine bottle sizes used only for Champagne. The most unique Champagne bottle size earned the nickname of the Winston Churchill. The special bottle was made by Pol Roger for Winston Churchill and held exactly 20 ou


Whose operas include one about each of the following; a king of Pontus, The Shepherd King, a king of Egypt and a king of Crete?

Mozart_operas.pdf | Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | Opera 438  A  n astonished Haydn exclaimed to Leopold Mozart, “Before God and as an honest man I tell you that your son is the greatest composer known to me in person or by name. He has taste, and, what is more, the most profound knowledge of composition.” 1 This pronouncement is another in the long line of famous benedictions from one genera-tion of composers to the next, some of which we have already seen. Accounts of such blessings, even if entirely fictional, none-theless serve a crucial role in helping to construct and perpetu-ate a lineage of master composers. As Haydn blessed Mozart, so Mozart does Beethoven, and Beethoven Schubert, and so forth through time.Posterity has turned Mozart (Fig. 14-1) into an “icon”󲀔the “image of music,” tinged with an aura of holiness󲀔for many reasons. One is his phenomenal precociousness and productiv-ity; another is his heartbreakingly premature death at age thirty-five; yet another is his musical universality and the staggering range of his gifts, both as performer and as composer. His earliest surviving composition, a small harpsichord keyboard piece written in the notebook of his sister Maria Anna (“Nannerl”), was apparently composed just after his fifth birthday. His last was a Requiem Mass, on  which he was working at the time of his death. During his brief life Mozart managed to compose such a vast quantity of music that it takes a book of a thousand pages, Ludwig von Köchel’s frequently revised chronological catalogue first published in 1862, just to list it adequately and to provide the “K. numbers” used to identify his works. The quantity of music is of such a quality that the  best of it has long served as a standard of musical perfection within the Western tradition. The Composer’s  Voice: Mozart 14 Te Composer’s Voice: Mozart 439 The composer was baptized Joannes Chrysosto-mus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart on 28 January 1756. Theophilus in Greek means “love of God,” as do the other language alternatives that Mozart oc-casionally used: Gottlieb, Amadeus, and Amadeo. Beginning in his early twenties he most often signed his name Wolfgang Amadè Mozart. He was born in Salzburg, where his formidable father, Leopold Mo-zart (1719–87), served as deputy music director in the court of the Prince-Archbishop, who ruled this important city-state near the Bavarian border. By 1762, when the prodigy was six years old, his father relinquished most of his duties and gave up his own composing career so that he could see properly to his son’s musical education. He also began to display Mozart’s amazing gifts to the courts and musical cen-ters of Europe on a grand tour that lasted more than three years. Mozart’s formative years were thus spent abroad, providing him less with a conventional for-mal education than with an experiential one. Mozart  would later emphasize the importance of “seeing the  world,” especially as it allowed him to leave his native Salzburg, a city he came to detest. In his early twenties he wrote to his father: “I assure you that people who do not travel (I mean those who cultivate the arts and learning) are indeed miserable creatures.” 2 By the age of ten the boy (Fig. 14-2) was famous, having performed at courts throughout the German Catholic territories, the Netherlands, and Paris. He stayed for more than a year in London, where he was fêted at the court of King George III,  became friendly with Johann Christian Bach, and underwent a series of scientific tests at the Royal Society, a prestigious scientific association, to prove that he truly  was an extraordinary, gifted child and not a musically accomplished dwarf.Leopold, a devout Catholic with little sympathy for some aspects of the En-lightenment “Age of Reason,” remarked in a letter to a family friend that people were astounded by his son: “I owe this act to Almighty God, otherwise I should be the most thankless creature.  And if it is ever to be my duty to convince the world of this miracle, it is so now, when people are ridiculing whatever is called a miracle and


In which Middle Eastern city is the world's largest clock, on the clock tower of the world's tallest hotel?

10 Most Famous Clock Towers In The World - 10 Most Today 10 Most Famous Clock Towers In The World 1 Comment 1. Big Ben (Elizabeth Tower), London, England – Officially called Elizabeth Tower, Big Ben is the nickname for the great bell of the clock tower at the Palace of Westminster. Completed in 1858, the tower holds the largest four-faced chiming clock in the world and is the third-tallest free-standing clock tower. It is by far the most famous landmark in London and England, and one of the most famous monuments in Europe Most Famous Clock Towers In The World: Big Ben (Elizabeth Tower), London   2. Philadelphia City Hall, Philadelphia, United States – The Philadelphia City Hall held the title of tallest building in the world from 1901 till 1908, with a height of  548 ft (167 m). The famous tower has four clocks – one on each of its sides. Each of the clocks is 8 meters (26 ft) in diameter Most Famous Clock Towers In The World: Philadelphia City Hall, Philadelphia   3. Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel, Mecca, Saudi Arabia – At a height of 601 meters (1,972 ft), this government owned complex is one of the tallest buildings in the world . It’s also the tallest clock tower in the world and the world’s largest clock face. Each of the four clocks (on four sides) is 43 × 43 meters (141 ft × 141 ft)! Most Famous Clock Towers In The World: Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel, Mecca 4. The Prague astronomical clock, Prague, Czech Republic – The astronomical clock is the main feature of the famous Old Town Square of Prague . Many tourists arrive to the square and wait to a round hour just to watch the famous moving figures of the beautiful clock. The medieval clock was first installed in the year 1410, making it one of the oldest astronomical clocks in the world and the oldest one still in use Most Famous Clock Towers In The World: The Prague astronomical clock, Prague   5. Rathaus-Glockenspiel, Munich, Germany – This famous tourist attraction was built in 1908 as part of the New Town Hall. Every day, at 11:00 sharp, and during the summer also at 12:00 and 17:00, it comes to life and re-enacts two stories from the 16th century. The area in front of the building will then be packed with visitors coming to enjoy the show. With 43 bells and 32 life-sized figures, this 12-15 minutes show is a real spectacle Most Famous Clock Towers In The World: Rathaus-Glockenspiel, Munich    6. The Saviour Tower (Spasskaya Tower), Moscow, Russia – The Saviour Tower is located in the famous Red Square , close to  Saint Basil’s Cathedral and is part of the Kremlin walls. The huge clock tower was designed in 1491 and first installed in 1625. Together with the Kremlin, the Red Square and the famous cathedral, this small area holds Moscow’s best attractions Most Famous Clock Towers In The World: The Saviour Tower (Spasskaya Tower), Moscow   7. The Zytglogge Tower, Bern, Switzerland – This beautiful medieval tower was built in the 13th century, and since served as a guard tower, a prison, a clock tower, and as a memorial. The clock we see today is an astronomical clock from the 15th century. This cultural UNESCO heritage site is perhaps the most popular tourist attraction in Bern Most Famous Clock Towers In The World: The Zytglogge Tower, Bern   8. The Peace Tower, Ottawa, Canada – Formally known as The Tower of Victory and Peace, this impressive clock tower stands in the middle of the Centre Block – the main building structure of the Canadian parliament complex, in Ottawa. This 92.2 meters (302 ft) tower replaced the 55 meters (180 ft) Victoria Tower which burned down in 1916 Most Famous Clock Towers In The World: The Peace Tower, Ottawa, Canada 9. Old Joe, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom – Old Joe, or it’s full name Joseph Chamberlain Memorial Clock Tower, is the tallest freestanding clock tower in the world, at 100 meters (328 ft). It was built to commemorate Joseph Chamberlain, the first Chancellor of the University and its construction was completed in 1908 Most Famous Clock Towers In The World: Old Joe, University of Birmingham   10. Rajabai Clock


General Alfred Stroessner, who died in 2006, was dictator of which country?

Obituary: General Alfredo Stroessner | World news | The Guardian General Alfredo Stroessner Share on Messenger Close If Latin American presidents who get themselves re-elected are regarded with grave suspicion by their electorates, then the blame rests largely with dictators such as Alfredo Stroessner of Paraguay, who has died aged 93. In common with many Latin American dictators of the 19th and 20th centuries - but with even greater success than most - Stroessner raised re-election to an art form, winning eight successive elections before he was deposed by a fellow general, Andres Rodríguez, in 1989. Long before Paraguay became known as a haven for former Nazis there was a thriving German community in the country, responsible for the popularity of draught beer. Stroessner's father was a German immigrant and brewery founder, but young Alfredo disdained the life of a brewer and entered the Paraguayan military college in 1929 at the age of 17. In a country renowned for losing generations of young men in ill-advised military conflicts, the decision could have been disastrous. Indeed, within three years of Stroessner choosing the army as a career Paraguay was again embroiled in war. About 100,000 were to die in the 1932-35 Chaco war with Bolivia, which devastated the two countries' economies, destabilised their politics and exacerbated - particularly in Paraguay - a tendency towards isolationism and distrust of foreigners. For Stroessner, disaster represented a golden opportunity. First, because he was considered to have distinguished himself in the artillery and was promoted to captain and made major by 28. Second, because inward-looking tendencies reinforced by the war helped immunise the country against movements for change which occasionally infected neighbouring countries and might have fostered stronger opposition to the dictatorship he was to establish. In 1947, civil war broke out after the collapse of a coalition government headed by General Higinio Morinígo. With the army split, Stroessner - by now a lieutenant-colonel in charge of an artillery regiment - sided with the regime, which was backed by the Colorado party and its peasant militias, the py nandí or "barefoot ones". The conflict was bloody, and by some accounts as much as a third of the population fled the country as a result of the war and the Colorado's postwar campaign of terror. But Stroessner had managed to pick the winning side, a skill he was to hone in succeeding years as one unstable government followed another. In 1950, aged 38 and with the rank of brigadier-general, he helped put a civilian president, Dr Federico Chávez, in power. Chávez returned the favour, giving Stroessner command of the first military region and then promoting him to commander of the armed forces. Chávez was neither the first nor the last Latin American president to regret putting his faith in an apparently loyal military commander. On May 5 1954, Stroessner repaid the president's trust by overthrowing him in a bloody coup and arranging his own election to the presidency two months later. His vehicle for this, and succeeding elections, was the Colorado party, officially the National Republican Association (ANR). Chávez, too, had been a Colorado candidate, but the party was deeply split between the "democratico" wing, supporting Chávez, and the "guionistas" or extremists. Stroessner was determined to do away with any unfortunate tendencies towards democracy in the party or society at large. Within two years he had forced into exile his main Colorado rival, the reformist Epifanio Méndez Fleitas, and begun to restructure the party along authoritarian lines. Paraguay was turned into a police state in which all but the most docile opposition to the general's rule was brutally repressed. Although communism was the least of his problems, Stroessner fell in with prevailing cold-war rhetoric by labelling his opponents communists and seeking allies among the world's more unsavoury rightwing regimes. Attempts were made to overthrow him, and a shortlived guerrilla campaign took place fro


Which US state is nicknamed 'Little America' or 'America in Miniature'; it is home to John's Hopkins University?

Top Universities in the US by State 2014/15 | Top Universities Top Universities in the US by State 2014/15 01:00AM Sep 30, 2014 This content can be saved to the "My Activity" tab in your user profile. 161 shares This content can be saved to the "My Activity" tab in your user profile. 161 shares **Click here to read about the top universities in the US by state in 2016/17. A total of 144 top universities in the US are featured in the QS World University Rankings® 2014/15 , more than any other country in the world. Of this number, 28 are ranked within the top 100 universities worldwide, and six are placed within the top 10. Over the last academic year (2013-14) 28.3 million students were enrolled at universities across the US, of which approximately 24.5 million were undergraduates and 3.8 million graduate students. While the US has long been a dream study destination for prospective international students across the globe, over the previous academic year (2012-13), US universities saw an increase of 7.2% in the numbers of international students enrolled. This shows that, even more than ever, the US is a vast and popular international study choice. Below is the full list of the top universities in the US featured in this year’s QS World University Rankings, grouped by their respective states. Adjacent to each school in brackets you’ll find the institution’s overall world rank, as well as their national rank within the US. Ranks with ‘=’ beside them indicate that the position is shared by another university. Top universities in Alabama Bordered by Mississippi in the west and Georgia in the east, Alabama is home to two internationally ranked US universities, both located within an hour’s drive of state capital Montgomery, as well as Birmingham, the largest city. University of Alabama (501-550 in the world; 98=* in the US) Auburn University (701+ in the world; 128= in the US) To find out more about studying in Alabama, visit our state guide > Top universities in Arizona Hunkered down in the south-west region, adjacent to California in the west and Mexico in the south, Arizona hosts two of the top universities in the US. Arizona State University is located in downtown Phoenix, the capital and largest city, while the University of Arizona can be found just over 100 miles to the south. University of Arizona (215= in the world; 53rd in the US) Arizona State University (294= in the world; 63rd in the US) To find out more about studying in Arizona, visit our state guide > Top universities in Arkansas Situated between Oklahoma and Mississippi in the south, Arkansas is known as the birthplace of former president Bill Clinton as well as for its mountains, forests and natural diversity. The capital and largest city in Arkansas is Little Rock. University of Arkansas (701+ in the world; 140th in the US) To find out more about studying in Arkansas, visit our state guide > Top universities in California One of the top five US states for international students, California is the most populous state in the nation, due in large part to its attractive west coast location and leading industries within technology (Silicon Valley), agriculture (grapes) and education (see below)! Of the top US universities in California, Caltech is the ranking’s highest-placed ‘small’ university, while the University of California, Santa Cruz climbed the highest number of ranks this year, from 307= in the world to 265=. The state capital is Sacramento and its largest city is Los Angeles. Stanford University (ranked 7th in the world; 3rd in the US) California Institute of Technology (Caltech, 8th in the world; 4th in the US) University of California, Berkeley (UCB, 27th in the world; 14th in the US) To find out more about studying in Colorado, visit our state guide > Top universities in Connecticut Located in the New England region, to the north-east of New York State, Connecticut is one of the three smallest states and also one of the most densely populated. The capital city is Hartford and the largest city is Bridgeport. Yale University (10th in the world; 6th i


Which country's highest military honour is the Order of William?

For Valour...Your country's highest military award. Vestigia Vetustatis For Valour...Your country's highest military award. If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking the link above. You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. To start viewing messages, select the forum that you want to visit from the selection below. 11,833 For Valour...Your country's highest military award. Hello there. I was casually reading about some Victoria Cross recipients on the web when it occurred to me I know little about the highest award for military courage of other countries. The Medal of Honor and the Iron Cross are well known but thatï¿½s about the extent of my knowledge. Audie Murphy I think was a highly decorated American soldier (aside from being an underrated actor) but Iï¿½ll leave his exploits to a fellow countryman of his. Anyways, the highest British award for military valour is the Victoria Cross. Below is some information and examples of some recipients. This list is not exhaustive! Listing 1,000+ stories is a little ambitious so donï¿½t be offended if I missed out your grandfather or something. As TWC is a forum visited by many nations Iï¿½d love to hear about your Nationsï¿½ highest military honour. Some examples of recipients and their exploits would be enlightening, too. Oh, and please lets not descend into attacks on countries or soldiers e.g But he was responsible for the great kitten massacre of ï¿½43!!!! Ta. THE VICTORIA CROSS The VC was created by Royal Warrant on 29 January 1856, backdated to 1854 to recognise acts of valour during the Crimean War. The first award ceremony was on 26 June 1857. It is widely believed that all VCs are cast from the bronze cascabels of two cannon of Chinese origin that were captured from the Russians at the siege of Sevastopol, except during the First World War when metal from guns captured from the Chinese during the Boxer Rebellion was also used. However, a 2006 book on the VC's history by historian John Glanfield calls the traditional account into question, arguing that it is impossible that the metal used for VCs made before 1914 really does come from the Sevastopol guns.[3] Also, the Sevastopol metal went missing between 1942 and 1945, when another source of metal was used to make five Second World War VCs. It is awarded for- "... most conspicuous bravery, or some daring or pre-eminent act of valour or self-sacrifice, or extreme devotion to duty in the presence of the enemy.ï¿½ Originally, the VC could not be awarded posthumously, and could not be awarded to Indian or African troops (although it could be awarded to their European officers). In 1905 it was made available to be awarded posthumously. Not until the 20th century was it made available to all troops in the service of the Crown (the first Indian soldier, Khudadad Khan, received it in 1914). The largest number of VCs awarded in a single day was 24 on 16 November 1857, at the relief of Lucknow. The largest number awarded in a single action was 11 at Rorke's Drift on 22 January 1879. The largest number of Victoria Crosses awarded in a single conflict was 634 during the First World War. Since the end of the Second World War the VC has been awarded 13 times. Four were awarded during the Korean War, one in the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation in 1965, four to Australians in the Vietnam War, two during the Falklands War in 1982, one in the Iraq War in 2004, and one in the Afghanistan War in 2006. 1,356 V.Cs have been awarded since their inception. Here are some examples of VC-winning exploits. BRITISH Brigadier John Charles "JOCK" CAMPBELL (1894-1942) Brigadier (Acting) John Charles Campbell DSO, MC of the Royal Horse Artillery's citation reads: "On November 21st 1941, Brigadier Campbell was commanding the troops, including one regiment of tanks, in the area of Sidi Rezegh ridge and the aerodrome. His small force holding this important ground was repeatedly attacked by large numbers of tanks and infantry. Wherever the situation was most difficult and the fighti


The 'Laws of Robotics' appeared in a 1942 short story `Runaround' by which author?

Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics + the Zeroth Law (March 1942) : HistoryofInformation.com Visit HistoryofScience.com » Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics + the Zeroth Law (March 1942) In the March 1942 issue of Astounding Science Fiction science fiction author Isaac Asimov introduced The Three Laws of Robotics  in his short story " Runaround ."  The Three Laws are: 1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. 2. A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. 3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. "These form an organizing principle and unifying theme for Asimov's robotic-based fiction, appearing in his  Robot series , the stories linked to it, and his  Lucky Starr series  of young-adult fiction. The Laws are incorporated into almost all of the  positronic robots  appearing in his fiction, and cannot be bypassed, being intended as a safety feature. Many of Asimov's robot-focused stories involve robots behaving in unusual and counter-intuitive ways as an unintended consequence of how the robot applies the Three Laws to the situation in which it finds itself. Other authors working in Asimov's fictional universe have adopted them and references, often parodic, appear throughout science fiction as well as in other genres. "The original laws have been altered and elaborated on by Asimov and other authors. Asimov himself made slight modifications to the first three in various books and short stories to further develop how robots would interact with humans and each other. In later fiction where robots had taken responsibility for government of whole planets and human civilizations, Asimov also added a fourth, or zeroth law, to precede the others: 0. A robot may not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to harm." (Wikipedia article on Three Laws of Robotics, accessed 10-20-2013).


Which boxer held various world titles at cruiserweight and heavyweight between 1986 and 2000 and was nicknamed 'The Real Deal'?

The 50 Greatest Nicknames in Boxing History | Bleacher Report The 50 Greatest Nicknames in Boxing History By Kevin McRae , Featured Columnist Sep 3, 2012 Use your ← → (arrow) keys to browse the slideshow Marc Serota/Getty Images Lights Out and the Nigerian Nightmare, two of the best nicknames to ever grace a boxing ring. 102.1K 8 Comments Boxing has had its share of interesting nicknames over the years. From the crazy to the accurate, from the funny to the bizarre. They're all here, the best 50 nicknames in the long history of boxing. This list is not done in any particular order. It simply compiles the best of the best all in one place. Let the arguments, disagreements and debates begin. 1. James "Lights Out" Toney Marc Serota/Getty Images "Lights Out" was one of the best pure boxers of his generation. James "Lights Out" Toney was a superior defensive fighter known as much for his bulging waistline as his skill in the ring. Toney (74-7-3 45 KO) won championships at middleweight, super middleweight and cruiserweight. He also won a share of the heavyweight championship from John Ruiz, but the decision was overturned when Toney failed a drug test.  Toney chalked up victories over several high-profile names in his 20-plus-year career, including Mike McCallum, Iran Barkley, Michael Nunn and Evander Holyfield. With over 80 fights and world championships in three weight classes, "Lights Out" is a no-brainer for induction into the boxing Hall of Fame.   Al Bello/Getty Images "Thunder" was the ultimate blood and guts warrior in the ring. Arturo "Thunder" Gatti wasn't the most skilled fighter in the ring, but you'd be hard-pressed to find a gutsier warrior who ever stepped between the ropes. Gatti (40-9 31 KO) was best known for his all-out style of fighting and his willingness to accept all challenges. The typical Gatti fight would end with him willing to swallow four punches for every one he landed, with both eyes either swollen, bruised or bleeding. Despite all that, Gatti won more than his share of great fights. This included his three wars with fellow tough guy Mickey Ward between 2002 and 2003 in which Gatti emerged victorious twice. While known primarily for his fighting style, Gatti was also very successful in the ring, winning world titles in three weight classes. Unfortunately, he was taken from us before his time under suspicious circumstances in 2009. But his legacy as a blood-and-guts warrior lives on in the hearts of all who saw him fight. John Gichigi/Getty Images "Bonecrusher" is a former heavyweight champion. James "Bonecrusher" Smith won the IBF heavyweight championship with a stunning first-round knockout of Tim Witherspoon in December of 1986. Perhaps more importantly, he surrendered that title via unanimous decision early the next year against young fighter named Mike Tyson. Smith (44-17-1 32 KO) was a big player in the heavyweight division in the 1980s, scoring victories over Witherspoon, Frank Bruno and Jesse Ferguson. He briefly held a share of the heavyweight championship before losing it to Tyson. The fight was significant even in defeat, as Smith became just the third fighter, and first to go 12 rounds, to hear the final bell against "Iron" Mike. 4. Juan "The Hispanic Causin' Panic" Lazcano Alex Livesey/Getty Images "The Hispanic Causin Panic" shown here fighting Ricky Hatton in 2008. Juan "The Hispanic Causin' Panic" Lazcano was an underrated fighter who, despite a good record, only challenged for a world championship once. In that fight, he lost a narrow decision to Mexican superstar Jose Luis Castillo. Lazcano (37-5-1 27 KO) defeated solid but faded veterans Jesse James Leija and John John Molina during his career. But his signature victory came over former lighweight champion Stevie Johnston in 2003. Despite his inability to win a world title, that isn't what this list is about, and who can argue that "The Hispanic Causin' Panic" isn't one of the great nicknames in boxing history? 5. Oliver "The Atomic Bull" McCall Al Bello/Getty Images "The Atomic Bull" is a former heavyweight champion. Oliver "Th


The Shona people come from which country?

Shona people, culture and traditions from Zimbabwe Shona The Shona tribe is Zimbabwe's largest indigenous group, their tribal language is also called Shona (Bantu) and their population is around 9 million. They are found in Zimbabwe, Botswana and southern Mozambique in Southern Africa and bordering South Africa. Representing over 80% of the population, the Shona tribe is culturally the most dominate tribe in Zimbabwe. There are five main Shona language groups: Korekore, Zeseru, Manyika, Ndau, and Karanga. The Ndebele largely absorbed the last of these groups when they moved into western Zimbabwe in the 1830s. Traditionally, Shona people live in isolated settlements, usually consisting of one or more elder men and their extended families. Most decisions are made within the family, although organized political states were recognized as a source of centralized power. A principal chief who inherited his position and power in the same divine manner as a king headed them. He usually lived in a centralized location and was complemented by his court that advised him about most important decisions. The head chief often received substantial payment in the form of tributes from his constituency. The Shona believe in two types of spirits. Shave spirits are most often considered to be outside or wandering spirits and vadzimu are ancestor spirits. Shave spirits are connected to populations living outside of Shona territory and may be connected to neighboring people. These spirits may be either malevolent or benevolent. Bad spirits are associated with witchcraft, while good spirits may inspire individual talents associated with healing, music, or artistic ability. Vadzimu represent all that is ideal and moral about a Shona way of life. They are usually associated with recent ancestors or with more remote culture heroes whose exact genealogy has been forgotten. They serve to protect society, but may withdraw this protection if the Shona moral ideals are not respected It was in the late 19th century that the peoples of this area speaking several mutually intelligible languages were united under the Shona name. Although known for their stone sculpture, the Shona Tribe of Zimbabwe has a rich artistic heritage, which includes decorative fabric painting using sadza too. Sadza (pronounced sudza) is Maize, a primary basis of their diet. Maize (corn) is ground into a fine meal, which is then cooked with water until it is the consistency of mashed potato. Although eaten plain, sadza is often served with a vegetable or meat sauce to give it flavor. This painting technique uses the sadza instead of wax as a masking between the different paint colors. After painting, the canvas is left to dry in the sun. Finally, the fabric is washed to remove the sadza leaving it with a unique finished appearance. Designs often use traditional geometric patterns mixed with stylized objects from everyday Shona life Shona artist are well known for their stone sculptures and are typically called "Shona" sculptures because it is the name of the tribe in Zimbabwe that has traditionally created these works of art. The stone carving has been part of the Zimbabwean culture since 1200 AD when Great Zimbabwe, an archeological masterpiece of their early ancestors, was built. The re-emergence of this stone carving tradition in the 1950s, the solid forms and beautiful surfaces of Shona sculpture express an extraordinary emotional power". Today the art form commands worldwide recognition with the world's most talented carvers being recognized in Zimbabwe The Shona sculptures are produced from a variety of stones. Serpentine stone, with its considerable range of colors and hardness, is the material most commonly used by the sculptors. Most serpentine stone used was formed over 2.6 billion years ago. Serpentine stone exists in a diversity of colors including black (the hardest and least common), browns, mauves, greens, and yellows. Sometimes sculptures are also made semi-precious stones like "Leopard Rock" and verdite. Drawing on ancient sculpting traditions they have produced a


Patch, fringing and barrier are types of what natural formations?

Fringing Reefs | Barrier Reefs | Atolls | Patch Reefs | Coral Reef Alliance Coral Reef Alliance Types of Coral Reef Formations Scientists generally divide coral reefs into four classes: fringing reefs, barrier reefs, atolls, and patch reefs. Fringing reefs grow near the coastline around islands and continents. They are separated from the shore by narrow, shallow lagoons. Fringing reefs are the most common type of reef that we see. Barrier reefs also parallel the coastline but are separated by deeper, wider lagoons. At their shallowest point they can reach the water’s surface forming a “barrier” to navigation. The Great Barrier Reef in Australia is the largest and most famous barrier reef in the world. Atolls are rings of coral that create protected lagoons and are usually located in the middle of the sea. Atolls usually form when islands surrounded by fringing reefs sink into the sea or the sea level rises around them (these islands are often the tops of underwater volcanoes). The fringing reefs continue to grow and eventually form circles with lagoons inside.


"Blaise Castle, described as ""the finest place in England"" in Jane Austen's Northanger Abbey', is in which city?"

Blaise Castle, Bristol, England Tourist Information Locals and travelers to connect with About Bristol, England 51.5057-2.6362 Blaise Castle is an 18th century Mansion House and estate near Henbury in Bristol (formerly in Gloucestershire ), England . Blaise Castle was immortalised by being described as the finest place in England in Jane Austens novel Northanger Abbey. Flint fragments show Blaise Castle Estate was probably first inhabited by Neolithic farmers. There is more definitive evidence for Bronze Age, Iron Age and Roman activity through the distinctive hill-forts in the area and other archaeological finds. The value of this historic landscape was recognised when it became a Scheduled Ancient Monument in 1982. Map


Which lake has the largest volume of fresh water in Great Britain?

Loch Ness | lake, Scotland, United Kingdom | Britannica.com lake, Scotland, United Kingdom Kings and Queens of Britain Loch Ness, lake , lying in the Highland council area, Scotland . With a depth of 788 feet (240 metres) and a length of about 23 miles (36 km), Loch Ness has the largest volume of fresh water in Great Britain. It lies in the Glen Mor —or Great Glen, which bisects the Highlands—and forms part of the system of waterways across Scotland that civil engineer Thomas Telford linked by means of the Caledonian Canal (opened 1822). Loch Ness, in the Highlands of Scotland. At the head of the loch is the monastery at Fort Augustus. A.F. Kersting The watershed of Loch Ness covers more than 700 square miles (1,800 square km) and comprises several rivers, including the Oich and the Enrick. Its outlet is the River Ness, which flows into the Moray Firth at Inverness . Seiches (surface oscillations), caused by differential heating, are common on the loch. The sharp rise and fall of the level of the loch is one reason for the scanty flora of the waters; another reason is the great depths of the loch near the shoreline. The abyssal fauna is also sparse. Urquhart Castle overlooking Loch Ness, Scotland. Bethune Carmichael—Lonely Planet Images/Getty Images Like some other very deep lochs in Scotland and Scandinavia, Loch Ness is said to be inhabited by an aquatic monster. Many sightings of the so-called Loch Ness monster have been reported, and the possibility of its existence—perhaps in the form of a solitary survivor of the long-extinct plesiosaurs—continues to intrigue many. Learn More in these related articles:


In what year did Julius Caesar first land in Britain?

Julius Caesar’s First Landing in Britain | History Today Julius Caesar’s First Landing in Britain Roman Empire Britain Military Julius Caesar Julius Caesar first landed in Britain on August 26th, 55 BC, but it was almost another hundred years before the Romans actually conquered Britain in AD 43. Bust of Gaius Julius Caesar in the National Archaeological Museum of Naples. Taken by Andreas Wahra in March 1997 Having subdued Gaul, or so it seemed at the time, Julius Caesar launched an expedition to Britain. It was late in the campaigning season and it is doubtful if he was bent on conquest, more likely a reconnaissance in strength. He would certainly have hoped to increase his prestige at home and he might have wanted to postpone a recall to Rome, where his enemies could get at him. He was probably encouraged by some British chiefs, hoping to use the Romans as allies against rival tribes. Whatever Caesar’s intentions, he was defeated by the British weather. A Gaulish chieftain named Commius was sent across the Channel to enlist support for the Romans among the British tribes, while a trusted officer took a fast galley to reconnoitre the coast. Caesar assembled eighty ships at Boulogne to carry two legions, the Seventh and the Tenth, plus irregulars, altogether some 12,000 men. The cavalry and their horses were to sail separately from Ambleteuse, a few miles north. After waiting for a wind the Roman ships left Boulogne in the early hours of August 26th and came in sight of the white cliffs of Dover around 9am. The cliffs were bristling with menacing British warriors, horsemen and war chariots. It was obviously no place to land, but Caesar waited for hours offshore for the cavalry, which had got penned in Ambleteuse by tide and wind. In the afternoon the Roman fleet sailed north-east without them to pass the South Foreland and come in sight of the long stretch of flat shore to the north. The Britons moved along on land to keep pace. The Roman ships drew in and anchored offshore, probably about where Deal is now, and the legionaries were faced with wading to land, burdened with weapons and gear, while the Britons threw javelins at them and galloped menacingly to and fro on the beach. It was not an agreeable prospect and the soldiers hung back until the eagle-bearer of the Tenth jumped into the sea and shouted to his comrades to follow him and defend the standard. This they did and more and more of the Romans struggled through the waves to the beach. After savage fighting, the legionaries managed to form up, charge the Britons and drive them in flight. With no cavalry this could not be followed up and the Romans made camp.  The Britons sent emissaries to Caesar to sue for peace, along with Commius with his tail between his legs. Caesar took hostages from them and after four days, on the 30th, the cavalry transports at last appeared, but were blown away by a sudden fierce storm and forced back to Gaul. The gale coincided with an exceptionally high tide and many of Caesar’s ships dragged their anchors and were wrecked on the beach. The Britons took note and started to muster their forces again. The Romans began repairing the ships, but now they were short of food. Parties ventured into the countryside to reap corn and gather supplies, but legionaries of the Seventh were ambushed by British chariots and horsemen. Fortunately for the Romans, the attack raised such a cloud of dust that Caesar saw it from the camp and hurried up with reinforcements. After several days of incessant rain Caesar managed to bring the British to a pitched battle, which was what Roman commanders always wanted against a barbarian and comparatively undisciplined enemy. The British were defeated with heavy casualties, but again could not be effectively pursued. Caesar had had enough. He embarked his men on the ships and sailed back to Gaul. Caesar tried again the following year, launching a stronger and better prepared force of five legions on a second expedition, which carried him across the Thames at Brentford, but again the weather was abominable and gale


Located in Morocco, Mount Toubkal is the highest peak in which range?

Magnificent Mount Toubkal - English Blog | By Morocco Channel Magnificent Mount Toubkal Travel Magnificent Mount Toubkal Standing at an intimidating height of 4 167 meters, Toubkal is the highest peak in the Atlas Mountain range. It is located just outside of Marrakech , in the breathtaking Toubkal National Park. No-one is exactly sure when the first ascent of this peak took place, as the first date documented is 12 June 1923. Hubert Dolbeau, the Marquis de Segonzac and Vincent Berger were the first Europeans to climb Toubkal, but it is possible that the mountain had been ascended before them by Berber tribesmen while on hunting expeditions, but was never documented. Today it is a popular mountain climbing destination, and mountaineers from all over the world come to Morocco to take on this magnificent peak. Mountaineers are reminded that the summer months in Morocco reach extreme temperatures; however, the mountain should maintain its colder temperatures. As there is sometimes scree on the slopes, climbing poles, windproof clothing and proper climbing boots are recommended, as the mountain is also famous for storms during summer. October to April is usually the most popular times for the northern slope of the mountain to be climbed; however, snowfall in February and March could be a great hindrance. There are two camping grounds, namely Refuge Neltner, in the Mizane Valley and Refuge du Toubkal, which is located near Neltner hut. Most hikers prefer to start their climb from the Imlil village, while the usual route begins at Aroumd. Guides can be hired, along with porters and mules, which are recommended for hikers who do not have the experience for the climb. Seasoned mountaineers will be able to navigate the hike. From Refuge du Toubkal, the path becomes more challenging, with steep climbs into the Corrie valley, over streams and then ascends to 3 940 meters to Tizi'n 'Toubkal. From there, climbers will move on to the Jbel Toubkal ridge, and then take on the final climb to the Toubkal summit. Here climbers can sit back, reflect and take in the spectacular beauty that the view that Toubkal offers of the rest of the Atlas Mountain Range, as well as the Little Atlas Mountains. Many mountaineers have succeeded in conquering Toubkal, and it is an experience they will never forget.


Which university's colleges include St John's, St Aidan's, St Chad's, St Mary's, Ustinov and Van Mildert?

Durham university faqs - The Student Room Durham university faqs TSR Wiki > University > Choosing a University > University Guides > Durham University > Durham University FAQs Welcome to the Durham University forum's new FAQ - here as a summary of answers to the most repeated questions we encounter; what are formals like? Which college should I apply to? Is the weather particularly bad in Durham? Most of the questions are geared towards undergraduate applications due to most of the questions coming from younger students, and the writer having very little knowledge of postgraduate issues! If your question's not been answered here please have a look at the ' Ask A Current Student ' thread if it's a short query, or start a new thread if you're after more of a discussion and points of view. The university itself answers quite a few FAQs here , and you can always ask the Student Recruitment and Admissions Office at [email protected] if you have any really unusual issues. Statistical information about student numbers and suchlike can be found here . A lot of information on courses (such as results of the National Student Survey) can be found here from DirectGov ; although beware that some of the information is misleading - some sections misinterpret info from the Durham website, while others provide unsourced information. Contents An important note on sources of information for Freshers General Sources This (the Durham Student Union) is the only official Facebook Page for information about Freshers Week and activities. This is the only official Page for Durham University itself, although other departments such as Greenspace and the Library have their own. Once you have your Durham CIS login details, you'll be able to access the Durham University Facebook network, and view all the groups genuinely created by students. Durham University 2013 Applicants is a genuine Group set up for discussion between people applying to Durham. Durham University Firmers! is a genuine Group set up (by Skilled ) for discussion between people firming Durham. (appears to have been removed/been made private) Durham University Firmers 2013 is a genuine Group for discussion between people firming Durham. Durham University Postgraduates 2013-2014 is a genuine Group for postgrad applicants. College Fresher Castle Freshers 2013 (University College, Durham) is a genuine Group for University College freshers. Van Mildert Freshers 2013 Official is an official Page for Van Mildert College freshers (and as a bonus, this Page is for International Freshers). Dodgy Groups Durham University Freshers 2013-2014 is a fake Page set up to post information on unknown topics to people intending to be in Durham in October. Durham University Freshers 2013-2014 is a fake Group set up by the same people as did the above Page. I'm currently looking at "Best Information for Best Media" as a likely culprit for setting up these 'fake' Pages. Durham University Freshers Week 2013 - 2014 is a genuine Page set up by 'Glenn' of freshers.co.uk, which seems like a real attempt to help networking and information, but is completely lacking specific information for Durham, and explicitly markets. Claims to want to engage in dialogue with the University or DSU, and make it more official. Durham University Freshers 2013/2014 is a fake Group set up by " Uni Freshers " Pretty much every 'Person' with a name like "Durham University Freshers" is a marketing profile, such as this , this , and this (along with a few others that haven't had any posts for years). Definitions "Official" means that the page is set up and run by a member of an organisation affiliated with Durham University. The only online information you should trust is from these sources [which is why this FAQ is speckled with links - don't trust anything I or anyone else tell you that doesn't link to a source]. "Genuine" means that it's run by people who genuinely want to help people network and the like - information will usually be honest, but not necessarily accurate, and marketers often easily infiltrate. "Fake" means that it'


Prince Hans-Adam II is the head of state of which country?

Prince Hans Adam, hereditary Prince Alois, Prince Wenzel – Fürstentum Liechtenstein english One Princely House  three generations Liechtenstein is a hereditary monarchy and this year is celebrating two special anniversaries: the 25th anniversary of Prince Hans Adam II von und zu Liechtenstein acceding to the throne and the 10th anniversary of H.S.H. Hereditary Prince Alois being named his representative. Following the death of H.S.H. Prince Franz Josef II on 13 November 1989, H.S.H. Prince Hans Adam became Reigning Prince of the Principality of Liechtenstein. On 15 August 2004 he appointed his son, H.S.H. Hereditary Prince Alois, as his representative and entrusted to him all national and international duties inherent to the head of state. Since then H.S.H. has exercised all sovereign rights. The next in line to the throne is his son, Prince Wenzel.   On 1 July 1983, on the 45th anniversary of his accession to the throne, Prince Franz Josef II announced that in spring 1984 he would hand over sovereign rights to his son, Hereditary Prince Hans-Adam, stating: I am sure that he will benefit from the same affection and cooperation that I have enjoyed over all these years. The unity of the Prince, the Princely House and the People is the most important guarantee for a future full of hope for the country. Following the death of H.S.H. Prince Franz Josef II on 13 November 1989, H.S.H. Prince Hans Adam II became head of state.   Therefore, on 13 November 2014 Liechtenstein celebrated the 25th anniversary of Prince Hans Adam II taking the throne. On 15 August 2004 he appointed his son, H.S.H. Hereditary Prince Alois, as his representative and entrusted to him all national and international duties inherent to the head of state of the Principality of Liechtenstein. To mark the 25th anniversary of H.S.H. Prince Hans Adam II succeeding to the throne and the 10th anniversary of H.S.H. Hereditary Prince Alois being installed as his representative, this interview was carried out with the three generations of the Princely Family  Reigning Prince Hans Adam, Hereditary Prince Alois and 19-year-old Prince Wenzel.   Interview: Johannes Kaiser   Serene Highness, is being a small country like Liechtenstein in a large international community a recipe for success?   H.S.H. Prince Hans Adam: Not only the success but also the survival of a small state in Europe is very much dependent on the European political environment and the political leadership in the small state itself. Between the end of the Middle Ages and the middle of the 20th century the political climate in Europe was not favourable for small states. During this period almost all of the small states that had developed during the Middle Ages disappeared. The Principality of Liechtenstein managed to survive primarily thanks to the strong position the Princely House enjoys in Europe  be it in politics, science or the military. It wasnt until the political consolidation in Europe following the Second World War, the downfall of the huge Soviet empire and the creation of free-trade areas that the conditions for small states improved decisively. However, even with the right conditions in place you still need political leaders who are willing and able to use the opportunities that arise from such an improved climate.   H.S.H. Hereditary Prince Alois: Being a small state is in itself not a recipe for success. Small states have advantages and disadvantages compared to larger countries. Disadvantages include the lack of economic and military power, a small domestic market and not being able to benefit from economies of scale. The effect these have depends very much on the political and economic conditions the small state is exposed to at regional and international level. Advantages include close relations between politics and the people, the resulting high level of transparency on state processes and the fact that a small state simply cannot afford to have lots of bureaucracy and a problematic economic policy with large subsidies. However, these advantages  particularly those arising from


Which was the first British club to win a European football trophy?

My Football Facts & Stats | UEFA Club Competitions Chart detailing every club who has reached the Semi-Finals in every major UEFA club competition from 1955-56 to 2015-16. The tournament was inaugurated in 1955, at the suggestion of the French sports journalist and editor of L'Équipe Gabriel Hanot as a continental competition for winners of the European national football leagues, as the European Champion Clubs' Cup, abbreviated to European Cup. The competition began as the 1955-56 using a two-leg knockout format where the teams would play two matches, one at home and one away, and the team with the highest overall score qualifying for the next round of the competition. Entry was restricted to the teams that won their national league championships, plus the current European Cup holder. This qualification system continued until 1992. In the 1992–93 season, the tournament was renamed UEFA Champions League. In 1997-98, eligibility was expanded to include not just domestic champions but also the best performing runners up according to UEFA's coefficient ranking list. Between 1960 and 2004 the winner of the tournament qualified for the now defunct Intercontinental Cup against the winner of the Copa Libertadores of South America . Since then, with FIFA taking over, the winner automatically qualifies for the FIFA Club World Cup with other winners of continental club championships. The 2009-10 Champions League Final was won by Inter Milan who beat Bayern Munich 2-0 in the Madrid. Inter Milan fielded a starting XI without a single Italian player. Spanish clubs have now won Europe's top club prize 15 times, Italian clubs 12 times and English clubs 12 times.The 2011 Champions League Final was the 6th to be played at Wembley and the 2012 Final was held at the Allianz Stadium in Munich. Wembley again hosted the Champions League Final in 2013 and the 2014 Final took place at the Estádio da Luz in Lisbon. The UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (also known as the European Cup Winners' Cup) was a football club competition contested annually by the most recent winners of all European domestic cup competitions. The first competition was held in the 1960-61 season, and the last in 1998-99. Tottenham Hotspur became the first British club to win a major European trophy when they beat Atletico Madrid in the 1963 Final. The competition was then abolished to make way for a further expansion to the UEFA Champions League, with domestic cup winners gaining entry into the UEFA Cup (later, the Europa League). The Inter-Cities Fairs Cup was a European football competition played between 1955 and 1971. As the name suggests, the competition was set up to promote international trade fairs. The competition was initially only open to teams from cities that hosted trade fairs and where these teams finished in their national league had no relevance. Early competitions also featured a one city, one team rule. UEFA do not consider the tournament to be an official UEFA contest. The UEFA Cup was a football competition for European club teams, organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA). It is the second most important international competition for European football clubs, after the UEFA Champions League. Clubs qualify for the UEFA Cup based on their performance in national leagues and cup competitions. The last ever winners of the UEFA Cup were the Ukrainian club Shahkter Donetsk who beat Germans Werder Bremen. UEFA decided to re-name the UEFA Cup the 'UEFA Europa League' from the 2009-2010 season onwards.The first winners of the UEFA Europa League were Atletico Madrid in 2010, followed by FC Porto who won an all-Portuguese Final against FC Braga in 2011 played in Dublin. The 2012 UEFA Europa League Final was played in Bucharest, Romania.        UEFA European Club Competition Stats 1955-56 to 2016-17 Table detailing the winning clubs and nationalities of Europe's first international competition together with a detailed history of the tournament. The Mitropa Cup, officially called the La Coupe de l'Europe Centrale was one of the first really international m


Which Elvis Presley hit was simply 'O Sole Mio' with a new lyric?

Elvis Presley - It's Now Or Never - YouTube Elvis Presley - It's Now Or Never Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Jun 24, 2014 "O sole mio" is a globally known Neapolitan song written in 1898. Its lyrics were written by Giovanni Capurro and the music was composed by Eduardo di Capua. There are other versions of "'O sole mio" but it is usually sung in the original Neapolitan language. 'O sole mio is the Neapolitan equivalent of standard Italian Il sole mio and translates literally as "my sunshine". In 1949 U.S. singer Tony Martin recorded "There's No Tomorrow" which used the melody of "'O sole mio". About ten years later, while stationed in Germany with the U.S. Army, Elvis Presley heard the recording and put to tape a private version of the song. Upon his discharge, he requested that new lyrics be written especially for him, a job that was undertaken by the songwriting duo of Aaron Schroeder and Wally Gold, with a demo by David Hill. The rewritten version was entitled "It's Now or Never" and was a worldwide hit for Presley. When performing it in concert in the mid-1970s, Elvis would explain the origin of "It's Now Or Never" and have singer Sherrill Nielsen perform a few lines of the original Italian version before commencing with his version, and what a version it is, it brought him world wide infamy, it's such a good song and I love it to pieces, my hats of to The King on this one, enjoy, Dave Category


Inishmore, Inishmaan and Inisheer make up which island group?

Ireland’s Aran Islands: Bleak and Beautiful by Rick Steves Ireland’s Aran Islands: Bleak and Beautiful By Rick Steves With a cap on the number of cars on the island, life moves a little more slowly on Inishmore. (photo: Dominic Arizona Bonuccelli) Not long ago, I spent a day walking on Inishmore, one of the weather- and wave-beaten Aran Islands — which, on a blustery day, seem to gulp seawater off the west coast of Ireland. An elfish, black-clad farmer, determined to make the most of a break in the clouds, invites me to help him turn his hay. Drying in the breeze, it's destined to become a hearty salad for his cows. The Aran Islands are a short flight or 45-minute ferry ride from the Rossaveel ferry port near Galway, the main town on Ireland's west coast. Three limestone islands make up the Aran Islands: Inishmore, Inishmaan, and Inisheer. The "largest" is Inishmore — nine miles of land with one sleepy town, a few farming hamlets, and a weather-beaten charm. The other islands, Inishmaan and Inisheer, are even smaller, much less populated, and less touristy. For most, the big island is quite enough. Inishmore — and the Aran Islands as a whole — has only one real town, Kilronan. It's actually more like a village, with groups of backpackers washing ashore with the landing of each ferry. The islands are still part of the Gaeltacht, where locals speak the Irish Gaelic language among themselves — but they happily speak English for their visitors. There are fewer than 100 vehicles on Inishmore, and the majority of them seem to be minibuses. A line of buses awaits the ferry's arrival, offering convenient 2.5-hour island tours with stops at all the major sights for about €10. Bike shops and a few men in pony carts sop up the remaining tourists, who often return from tours to browse through the few shops and enjoy a pint of Guinness on a picnic table outside a pub. The landscape of all three islands is harsh: steep, rugged cliffs and windswept, rocky fields divided by stone walls. But there's a stark beauty about these blustery islands and the simple lives its inhabitants eke out of a few inches of topsoil and a mean sea. Like the rest of Ireland, Inishmore has a mysterious history. The island's famous Iron Age fortress, Dún Aenghus, is the most impressive of its kind in all of Europe. Little is known about this 2,000-year-old Celtic fort. This stone fortress hangs spectacularly and precariously on the edge of a cliff 200 feet above the Atlantic. And there's no fence at all — only a sheer drop-off. For 20 centuries angry waves have battered away at its black foundation. (A minibus driver once told me that the fort was so popular with visitors that "we plan to build another 2,000-year-old ring fort next year.") While the next parish over may indeed be Boston, the crashing waves below seem to declare, "This is the end of the world." Close to the western tip of the island is the "Seven Churches," a historic but visually unimpressive gathering of ruined chapels, monastic houses, and fragments of a high cross dating from the 8th to the 11th centuries. Here, as throughout Inishmore, the land is dotted with reminders of the island's early Christianity. Some honor St. Enda, who established a monastery here and taught great monks who followed in his footsteps. These "Irish apostles" started Ireland's "Age of Saints and Scholars" (A.D. 500–900) — an Irish golden age of learning, literature, and flourishing religious arts. It was during this time that stonemasons created the distinctive and stylistic crosses so iconic of early Ireland, and leaders such as Charlemagne on the nearly illiterate continent of Europe imported Irish monks to be their scribes. The stones of Inishmore tell this community's story. This tiny island, which looks like alligator skin from the air, is a maze of stone fences. Poor people cleared the stony land to make it arable. Turning my farmer friend's hay, I ponder how, with unrivaled colonial finesse, the British required Irish families to divide their land among all their sons. This doomed even the largest estates to


Which poet and author used the pseudonym 'Brunette Coleman' when writing some of his early work?

Philip Larkin biography Mantex More Details Philip Larkin: Life, Art and Love is the latest biographical study of arguably Britain’s most popular twentieth century poet. In his Introduction, respected and prolific Larkin scholar James Booth clearly sets out his position and concerns. Philip Larkin he believes is ‘by common consent, the best-loved British poet of the last hundred years’. But three decades after his death, he ‘remains a controversial figure, both as a poet and a man’. Ironically, his posthumous reputation was inadvertently tarnished by his two literary executors. Anthony Thwaite’s Selected Letters of Philip Larkin (1992) (properly) included his ribald and Chaucerian correspondence with like-minded friends, notably Kingsley Amis. The self-appointed literary guardians of public morality were quick to pounce, accusing him of racism, sexism, Thatcherism, misogyny and homophobia. Andrew Motion’s official biography, Philip Larkin: A Writer’s Life (1993), despite its impressive research, was also disapproving of his alleged character traits and proclivities. More recent ‘Larkin Studies’ have been (to borrow a Larkinian phrase) more precious than valuable, subjecting him to arcane post-modern analysis and exegesis. But the publication of Archie Burnett’s Philip Larkin: The Complete Poems (2012), with its meticulous ‘Commentary’ on the provenance of his verse, has done a lot to restore a Larkin-centred appreciation of his poetic oeuvre. James Booth now convincingly and gracefully rehabilitates Larkin (whatever his real or imagined personal ‘failings’) as a poet of the people: ‘Phrases and lines from his poems are more frequently quoted than those of any other poet of his time’. ‘Sexual intercourse began/In nineteen sixty-three’; ‘What are days for?’; ‘They fuck you up, your mum and dad’; ‘What will survive of us is love.’ Booth argues that ‘For the moment he seems to have had the last poetic word on love, on death, on the Great War, on parents, on ageing, on hedgehogs.’ Booth also suggests that Larkin’s poems feature the most uncompromising reflections on death outside the soliloquies of Shakespeare. With a veiled reference to Larkin’s sanctimonious detractors, he cautions that ‘there is no requirement that a poet should be likeable or virtuous’, but adds that all of his former friends and colleagues remember Larkin as a compassionate, courteous and extremely funny person, certainly not the morose ‘Hermit of Hull’. He was, Booth contends persuasively, ‘an ebullient provocateur with an instinct to entertain’, and ‘the various ideological Larkins who raise the passions of some critics, are provisional personae’. Like other human (and humane) beings, Larkin presented different faces to different people. His epistolary and hilarious ‘obscenities’ to Kingsley Amis, for example, were not retailed to Barbara Pym. Booth deftly traces Larkin’s early years in Coventry and his relations with his parents, Sidney and Eva. As is well known, Sidney, City Treasurer of Coventry, was a declared admirer of Hitler and the Third Reich. Booth asserts that his father’s political views served only to turn his son away from embracing any coherent political ideology. In fact, his vague political sympathies veered more to the left than to the right, and many of his later poems first appeared in journals like the New Statesman. On the other hand, Larkin père encouraged his son’s early passion for jazz, and also provided the family home with a decidedly ‘modern’ library: Hardy, Shaw, D. H. Lawrence and Aldous Huxley. But his parents’ obviously unhappy union did instil in the young Philip a life-long fear of marriage – or ‘misogamy’. The lacklustre Eva, although castigated in some of Larkin’s published letters, was to be the recipient of thousands of tender (and as yet unpublished) notes and letters from him for the remainder of her long life. His years at Oxford introduced Larkin to Kingsley Amis and a circle of friends who made jazz their secular religion. Following his war-time job as a librarian in Wellington, where he met


Hartsfield-Jackson Airport, the world's busiest airport (more than 92 million passengers in 2011) serves which US city?

BBC - Travel - Why is Atlanta the world’s busiest airport? Travel Tips Why is Atlanta the world’s busiest airport? With more than 250,000 passengers and nearly 2,500 arrivals and departures each day, a layover at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport is not uncommon. By Suemedha Sood 8 February 2013 One might expect the world’s busiest airport to be located in New York or London or Beijing, but the distinction actually belongs to Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, located in the southern US city of Atlanta, Georgia. No matter which way you calculate it, Hartsfield-Jackson has been the world’s busiest since 1998. Not only does it attract more travellers than any other airport in the world (with about 92.4 million passengers passing through in 2011, the last full year on record), it also manages more aircraft movements (that is, more takeoffs and landings) than any airport in the world – with about 950,000 in 2010, also the last year on record. All of this begs the question, why is Atlanta the busiest hub for air travel in the world? The Delta factor Atlanta is home to one of the world’s largest airlines. Delta Air Lines was founded in the city of Macon, Georgia (originally as a crop-dusting company called Huff Daland Dusters) and later moved its headquarters about 85 miles north to Atlanta in 1941 (after running its first passenger flights under the name Delta Air Service in 1929). Until 2012, Delta held the record for most annual traffic – measured by “revenue passenger miles” (RPM) – of any airline in the world. The metric of RPMs takes into account both the number of passengers carried and the distances an airline flew during a given year. In 2012 though, Delta’s RPM was beaten by United Airlines , which had grown in size following the 2010 merger between United and Continental Airlines. So it makes sense, then, that Chicago, home to United’s headquarters, hosts the world’s second busiest airport as measured by aircraft movements – with 882,627 in 2010 – and the world’s fourth busiest as measured by sheer passenger numbers – with 66.6 million passengers in 2011. (The second and third busiest by number of passengers in 2011 are Beijing Capital International Airport, with 77.4 million and London Heathrow Airport with 69.4 million) Hartsfield-Jackson serves 225 destinations in 51 countries , receives more than 250,000 passengers a day, and sees nearly 2,500 arrivals and departures per day. Out of this, Delta runs about 1,000 flights daily , serving more than 200 destinations.   The location According to data collected by Hartsfield-Jackson Airport, Atlanta is located within a two-hour flight of 80% of the US population, making the city a major port of entry into the US and a logical stopover for travel within the expansive country. Hartsfield-Jackson is also the only airport located in Atlanta and by far the biggest airport in Georgia. Most other major hub cities, such as New York, split traffic between two or more major airports. The nearest major airport to Hartsfield-Jackson, is 250 miles northwest, in Nashville, Tennessee. The city Hartsfield-Jackson also happens to be located in a city that attracts its fair share of travellers. Atlanta has been ranked the seventh most visited city for business travel in the US – unsurprising, since it is home to the headquarters of 10 Fortune 500 companies , including Coca-Cola, Home Depot (a massive home improvement retailer), UPS (the United Parcel Service) and, of course, Delta Air Lines. For non-business visitors, Atlanta is also home to perhaps the world’s largest aquarium , where visitors can find the biggest fish on Earth . Rivalled only by the new SEA Aquarium in Singapore (which also calls itself the world’s largest), the Georgia Aquarium holds more than 8 million gallons of water and provides habitat to around 120,000 animals, according to aquarium statistics . Atlanta’s big companies also offer behind-the-scenes tours popular with all kinds of travellers. Coca Cola offers an attraction called The World of Coca-Cola, a sort of museum taking touris


The South African 'Handspring Puppet Company' won a special Tony award for which play?

Tony Award for SA puppet company Tony Award for SA puppet company Tony Award for SA puppet company 09 May 2011 Tweet on Twitter 9 May 2011 South Africa’s Handspring Puppet Company has won a coveted Tony Award for the life-size puppets that are at the heart of the highly acclaimed West End and Broadway play War Horse. The Cape Town-based company has already accepted the honour for the 2011 Tony Awards taking place later this year. The award was an exclusive one, meaning that no other puppet-making companies were eligible for it. Basil Jones, Handspring co-founder, said: “It was wonderful to be able to announce it on the factory floor.” The award will be presented to the company on 12 June 2011 at the 65th Annual Tony Awards ceremony. Another South African export, world-renowned playwright Athol Fugard, will be honoured with a lifetime achievement award at the ceremony. Horses at war The life-size cane and plywood horses used for the play War Horse have earned the puppet company kudos for its contribution to the creative industry. The play has received five Tony nominations – for best play, best direction, best scenic design, best lighting design, and best sound design. The play, which premiered at London’s National Theatre in 2007 and started its Broadway run in April 2011, depicts the story of a boy’s horse taken by the British cavalry to participate in World War One. It is based on the 1982 novel of the same name, written by British poet, playwright and children’s author Michael Morpurgo. Jones said: “The roots of War Horse were in a production called Tall Horse that Handspring did with a Malian puppet company and which a National Theatre creative team saw in South Africa. “We had hoped the National Theatre would take Tall Horse, which featured a giraffe, to London, but instead they came to Handspring with a proposal to do work based on animals and war.” The horses were made by a team of 12 craftsmen using durable material to make sure the wear and tear of the horses didn’t affect the play during its running. The original set of horses lasted for 1 000 performances and didn’t need professional puppeteers to work them, although Handspring sent a puppeteer to help during the first season of the play. For its use of these magnificent creations, the London run of War Horse won an Olivier Award, an Evening Standard Theatre Award and the London Critics’ Circle Theatre Award for design. Creative collaboration The 30-year-old puppet company has collaborated with many innovative South Africans in the creative industry, including theatre directors Malcolm Purkey and Barney Simon and renowned painter, filmmaker and director William Kentridge. Kentridge, who has worked closely with the company, said: “Audiences see the puppeteers at work in pieces like War Horse, but you can’t stop yourself believing the reality of those horses, it’s kind of magical. “I think it’s fantastic that their years of work and their extraordinary skill get this recognition.” Kentridge and Handspring first collaborated in 1992 on a play based on German playwright Georg Buchner’s Woyzeck on the Highveld. Awarding theatrical excellence The Tony Awards were established in 1947 after the American Theatre Wing sought a way to award those who excelled in theatre. The Tony Award is regarded in the arts industry as theatre’s most prestigious accolade. The awards were named after Antoinette Perry, an actress, director, producer and philanthropist, who was the leader of the American Theatre Wing during World War Two and had recently passed. Although the Tonys were established in 1947, for the first two years of the awards there was no medallion to go with the award. The medallion was design by Herman Rosse in 1949, after the designers union, United Scenic Artists, sponsored a medallion design contest, and has been used ever since. First published by MediaClubSouthAfrica.com – get free high-resolution photos and professional feature articles from Brand South Africa’s media service. TAGS


Who shared the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change?

The Nobel Peace Prizefor 2007 to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Albert Arnold (Al) Gore Jr. - Press Release Press Release The Nobel Peace Prize 2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , Al Gore Share this:   The Nobel Peace Prize for 2007 The     Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided that the Nobel Peace Prize for     2007 is to be shared, in two equal parts, between the Intergovernmental     Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Albert Arnold (Al) Gore Jr. for their     efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate     change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to     counteract such change. Indications of changes in the earth's future climate must be treated     with the utmost seriousness, and with the precautionary principle uppermost     in our minds. Extensive climate changes may alter and threaten the living     conditions of much of mankind. They may induce large-scale migration and     lead to greater competition for the earth's resources. Such changes will     place particularly heavy burdens on the world's most vulnerable countries.     There may be increased danger of violent conflicts and wars, within and     between states. Through the scientific reports it has issued over the past two decades,     the IPCC has created an ever-broader informed consensus about the connection     between human activities and global warming. Thousands of scientists and     officials from over one hundred countries have collaborated to achieve     greater certainty as to the scale of the warming. Whereas in the 1980s     global warming seemed to be merely an interesting hypothesis, the 1990s     produced firmer evidence in its support. In the last few years, the connections     have become even clearer and the consequences still more apparent. Al Gore has for a long time been one of the world's leading environmentalist     politicians. He became aware at an early stage of the climatic challenges     the world is facing. His strong commitment, reflected in political activity,     lectures, films and books, has strengthened the struggle against climate     change. He is probably the single individual who has done most to create     greater worldwide understanding of the measures that need to be adopted. By awarding the Nobel Peace Prize for 2007 to the IPCC and Al Gore,     the Norwegian Nobel Committee is seeking to contribute to a sharper focus     on the processes and decisions that appear to be necessary to protect     the worlds future climate, and thereby to reduce the threat to the security     of mankind. Action is necessary now, before climate change moves beyond     mans control. Oslo, 12 October 2007 Share this: To cite this page MLA style: "The Nobel Peace Prizefor 2007 to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Albert Arnold (Al) Gore Jr. - Press Release". Nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB 2014. Web. 7 Jan 2017. <http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2007/press.html>


Which character in a musical is based on the famous early 20th century gambler Titanic Thompson?

Gambling Legend Wasn't Always A Winner : NPR Gambling Legend Wasn't Always A Winner Embed Embed Gambling Legend Wasn't Always A Winner Gambling Legend Wasn't Always A Winner Embed Embed Titanic Thompson: The Man Who Bet on Everything By Kevin Cook Read An Excerpt His name was Alvin Thomas. But nobody dared call him that. During a life spent gambling — and mostly winning — he earned the nickname "Titanic Thompson" — because Titanic could sink anybody. Titanic Thompson became one of the most famous gamblers of the 20th century. Poker, golf, billiards, target shooting — you name it, Thompson bet on it. And with a little creative cheating, he usually won. The tall tales of Thompson's life are now collected in a new biography by Kevin Cook called Titanic Thompson: The Man Who Bet on Everything. According to the book, Thompson "had close-set eyes that looked a little dead. At least, until he offered you a bet.  Then those dark eyes sparked, and he smiled like he had good news. 'Are you a gambling man?' he'd ask. 'Because I am.' " Thompson even once scammed Al Capone out of $500, Cook tells NPR's Audie Cornish. The pair were leaving a poker game, and they passed by a fruit vendor. "I can throw this lemon all the way on top of that building across the street," Titanic boasted. Capone took the bet. Article continues after sponsorship What the infamous gangster didn't know was that Thompson had prepared the bet the night before — by filling a lemon with buckshot to make it easier to throw. Kevin Cook is a former Sports Illustrated editor. Courtesy Kevin Cook hide caption toggle caption Courtesy Kevin Cook The gambler's reputation even inspired hard-boiled crime writer Damon Runyon to write Thompson into the story that became the musical Guys and Dolls — as the character Sky Masterson. Not bad for "a boy who came out of the Ozarks with nothing." Cook says Thompson was self-taught, living by wit and guile. "He was proud of that," Cook says. "He wanted to prove he was deserving." Though he made millions over his lifetime, Thompson died almost penniless in 1974. Despite the glamorous tales, he lived a lonely life, moving from town to town looking for new suckers. Through five marriages and a scattering of offspring, Thompson really never connected with any person — only with the games. Excerpt: Titanic Thompson: The Man Who Bet on Everything November 27, 20101:53 PM ET Courtesy W. W. Norton & Company Titanic Thompson: The Man Who Bet on Everything By Kevin Cook Read An Excerpt He blew into town like a rogue wind that lifted girls' skirts and turned gamblers' pockets inside-out. Tall and thin with a bland mask of a face, he had close-set eyes that looked a little dead, at least until he offered you a bet. Then those dark eyes sparked and he smiled like he had good news. "Are you a gambling man?" he'd ask. "Because I am." Alvin was his name, but nobody called him that. They called him "Titanic." Titanic Thompson—a made-up name for a self-made man who won and lost millions of dollars playing cards, dice, pool, golf, horseshoes, and anything else he could think of to bet on. He also killed five men. "But they'd all tell you they had it coming." He also married five women, each one a teenager on her wedding day. Titanic liked his women young and pretty, his cars big and fast, his suckers rich and gullible. He spent fifty years roaming America's back roads, living by his wits and reflexes, until America changed and there was no more room for such a man. ——- In the years between world wars, Titanic Thompson motored from town to town in a nickel-plated, two-ton Pierce-Arrow, the same car Babe Ruth, Franklin Roosevelt, and the shah of Persia favored. He carried his tools in the trunk: left- and right-handed golf clubs, a bowling ball, horseshoes, a shotgun, and a suitcase full of cash. During his first twenty years on the road he crossed paths with Harry Houdini, Al Capone, Howard Hughes, Minnesota Fats, and Jean Harlow. Still he managed to remain a cipher to the public. Damon Runyon wanted to write about him, but Titanic told him to forget it


Name the singer who died in 2010, he had two hits in 1966, 'You Were On My Mind' and 'Pied Piper'?

Crispian St Peters obituary | Music | The Guardian Crispian St Peters obituary British pop singer known for his 1966 hit The Pied Piper Crispian St Peters performing in 1965. Photograph: Dezo Hoffmann/Rex Features Share on Messenger Close Popular music has spawned many one-hit wonders. Crispian St Peters, who has died aged 71, had the distinction of being a two-hit wonder, remembered for You Were On My Mind and The Pied Piper, both Top 10 hits in 1966, as well as for his extravagant stage name. His real name was the more prosaic Robin Peter Smith. His parents, Phyllis and Gerald, had a plant nursery in Swanley, then a rural Kentish village. The Smiths were a musical family and he was surrounded in childhood by relatives who played the banjo, piano and accordion. After leaving school at 15, he worked as a cinema projectionist and in a paper mill. Then, like so many of his generation, he was inspired to make music by Lonnie Donegan, whose surprise 1956 hit Rock Island Line ushered in the skiffle era. As a teenager St Peters led the Hard Travellers skiffle group, which played local venues such as Chislehurst Caves and even ventured to the Skiffle Cellar in Soho, central London. This first phase of his career came to an end when he was called up for national service. While in the army, he was so impressed by a concert by the American rock'n'roll star Gene Vincent that he started to write his own songs. On demob, Smith formed a group, Beat Formula Three. In 1963 the group was spotted by David Nicolson of EMI. Nicolson saw potential in Smith's pleasant tenor voice and organised a contract with Decca, as well as a change of name. He suggested Crispin Blacke, which Smith amended to Crispian St Peters. His first two singles for Decca, the self-penned At This Moment and No No No, were flops. Then Nicolson was sent a copy of an American hit, You Were On My Mind, a wistful ballad composed by Sylvia Fricker of the folk duo Ian and Sylvia. When St Peters demurred at recording the song, Nicolson successfully appealed to his mother to persuade him. The track was arranged by organist Harry Stoneham and among the accompanists was Jimmy Page, future guitarist with the Yardbirds and Led Zeppelin. You Were On My Mind was issued at the end of 1965 and early the following year it reached No 2 in the British charts. St Peters gave an interview to the New Musical Express in which he opined that his songs were better than those of the Beatles and that his stage show made Elvis Presley seem like the Statue of Liberty. He later claimed that it was all tongue in cheek, and the mild furore helped the sales of his next record, The Pied Piper, which was co-written by Artie Kornfield, later an organiser of Woodstock. The record was promoted by pirate radio stations, which helped it to reach No 5 in the British charts. The Pied Piper was also a big hit in Canada, Australia and America, where St Peters toured. By now he was a fully paid-up denizen of swinging London, later recalling that people "called me the Cassius Clay of pop because me and PJ Proby were always arguing". But his period in the spotlight was coming to an end. The next record, a version of the Phil Ochs song Changes, sold poorly in 1966 and by the end of the decade he was back to playing the Kent clubs. For the following three decades he continued to perform at pubs, cabaret clubs and hotels, but he had a series of health problems including a stroke and emphysema. He was divorced and is survived by his son Lee, daughter Samantha and a grandson. • Robin Peter Smith (Crispian St Peters), singer and songwriter, born 5 April 1939; died 8 June 2010


With which instrument was bandleader Johnny Dankworth associated?

Johnny Dankworth -- All Categories  (LPs, CDs, Vinyl Record Albums) -- Dusty Groove is Chicago's Online Record Store Vocalion (UK),       1959. New Copy ... Temporarily Out Of Stock Add to Watch List Rare late 50s work from UK bandleader Johnny Dankworth – the jazz musician who'd also do some great soundtrack recordings in the 60s! These upbeat, hard-swinging tracks really preface Dankworth's soundtrack greatness – as they've got a tight, lively approach that's wonderful all the way through – still echoes of the bigger bands of the postwar years, especially the soulfulness of Basie – but also a wider sense of tone and timing, which makes great use of soloists who include Kenny Wheeler and Dickie Hawdon on trumpets, Danny Moss on tenor, Derek Smith on piano, and Dankworth himself on alto sax. The CD features 40 tracks from three broadcasts originally done for French audiences – and titles include "New Forest", "Threesome", "Duet For 16", "Seven League Boots", "Skeleton In The Bathroom", "Prince Iwo", "Two's Company", "Square Face", and "Royal Ascot". CD 2 Vocalion (UK),       1959. New Copy ... Out Of Stock Add to Watch List Rare BBC material from the great John Dankworth – a British arranger, leader, and alto saxophonist who seemed to work with nonstop energy at the end of the 50s! This set brings together material recorded by Dankworth on three different occasions – not for album release, but only broadcast on the BBC – which makes this well-produced set a commercial debut for all the cuts on the collection! Dankworth solos on alto on a number of tracks, and handles the larger charts with enough space for other soloists too – including Dave Lee on piano, Danny Moss on tenor, Laurie Monk on trombone, and Dickie Hawdon on trumpet and mellophone. Some of the best titles are Dankworth originals – and tracks include "Kool Kate", "I'll Never Be The Same", "Bluesology", "Specs Yellow", "Highgate Hideaway", "Desperate Dan", "Jol & Lol's Blues", and "Melbourne Marathon". CD 3 1960. New Copy ... Out Of Stock Add to Watch List Three programs' worth of music from Brit bandleader Johnny Dankworth – all pulled from the BBC archives, and presented here with really wonderful sound! Johnny's definitely got a lot of jazz in his approach here, but the charts also reflect some of his talents for larger arrangements too – as he works with a relatively big ensemble, but allows for breakout solos by himself on alto, Danny Moss on tenor, Derek Smith on piano, and Dickie Hawdon on trumpet! There's a few spots that have a French announcer presenting the tracks – possibly for continental audiences – and titles include "I May Be Wrong", "Tracey's Trip", "Love Me Or Leave Me", "The Wizard", "Vice", "Too Cool For The Blues", "Runnin wild", and "Old Blues". CD   Solid (Japan),       1949. New Copy ... $15.99 Add to Cart An important moment for jazz on the London scene – a legendary concert put on by the Club 11 – a group of young enthusiasts who helped bring bop to the British shores! The set features live work by two different groups – the leaders of whom would go onto shape British jazz strongly in decades to come! Ronnie Scott heads up his Boptet on tenor – working with Dennis Rose on tenor, Johnny Rogers on alto, Tommy Pollard on piano, Tony Crombie on drums, and the great Lennie Bush on bass – serving up tunes with energy that's as searing as some of the early Prestige Records material – on titles that include "Wee Dot", "Coquette", "Ow", "Don't Blame Me", and "Stoned". Altoist John Dankworth later headed up larger groups, but here he blows openly and freely in a quartet – with a style that's a lot more bop than his later work – on titles that include "Bremavin", "Lover Man", "Second Eleven", and "Night In Tunisia". CD 5 Fresh Sound (Spain),       1959. Used ... $8.99 Add to Cart Some great lesser-known material from the Duke Ellington group of the late 50s – a set that's especially noteworthy for its variety of compositions that get past the usual overplayed Ellington standards! The lineup here includes Clark T


"Who famously said that Margaret Thatcher had ""the eyes of Caligula and the lips of Marilyn Monroe""?"

Margaret Thatcher portrait: Monroe's mouth, but what about those eyes? - Telegraph Margaret Thatcher portrait: Monroe's mouth, but what about those eyes? Liz Hunt is impressed by almost everything about Richard Stone's portrait of  Margaret Thatcher. Aquascutum chic: Baroness Thatcher unveils her portrait at No 10  Photo: PA By Liz Hunt Comments I wonder what François Mitterrand would have made of the new portrait of Baroness Thatcher unveiled this week? He'd certainly have held a view: it was the late president of France, after all, who famously delivered to our former PM the backhanded compliment that she had the "eyes of Caligula and the mouth of Marilyn Monroe".Mitterrand was acknowledging, with typical Gallic elegance, Thatcher's status as both a woman of some appeal and a ruthless political leader (and scourge of the EU). Does Richard Stone's take on the Iron Lady, which depicts her just after the Falklands War in 1982, do justice to this combination? The mouth, I think, would not have disappointed Mitterrand (nor Monroe, for that matter). The skin has a becoming, luminous sheen, and the perfect waves of the Baroness's helmet hairdo are as we remember them. Her jewellery is exquisite, and her clothes the epitome of Aquascutum chic. But the eyes do not have it. They lack entirely Maggie's energy and verve. Too hooded, too calculating, too dead – almost as if she's just been handbagged herself.


In Indian cookery 'brinjal pickle' is made from which vegetable?

Brinjal Eggplant Aubergine) Pickle Goa, India) Recipe - Food.com Julianne or dice small brinjal-eggplant. Layer brinjal with salt alternately. Let stand 4-5 hours till water separates from vegetable. Squeeze in handfuls brinjal till water is removed. Keep in separate bowl. Grind ginger and garlic in some of the vinegar to paste. Heat oil till smoke starts rising. Fry brinjals two hand fulls at a time. Drain with slotted spoon and set aside. Wait for water to evaporate from oil, till the bubbles stop before frying another lot of brinjal. Add and fry garlic and ginger paste for 5 minutes. Add dry spices, fry 2 minutes. Add vinegar and tamarind, mix well for 1 minute. Add curry leaves and sugar, mix well. Add brinjal mix well and cook 1-2 minutes. Cool and bottle.