How Many People Have Ever Lived on Earth? How Many People Have Ever Lived on Earth? Carl Haub Print "How Many People Have Ever Lived on Earth?" is one of PRB's most popular articles. First published in 1995 and updated in 2002, this latest 2011 article includes data through mid-2011 and a short video explaining the estimate. (October 2011) The question of how many people have ever lived on Earth is a perennial one among information calls to PRB. One reason the question keeps coming up is that somewhere, at some time back in the 1970s, a writer made the statement that 75 percent of the people who had ever been born were alive at that moment. This factoid has had a long shelf life, even though a bit of reflection would show how unlikely it is. For this "estimate" to be true would mean either that births in the 20th century far, far outnumbered those in the past or that there were an extraordinary number of extremely old people living in the 1970s. If this estimate were true, it would indeed make an impressive case for the rapid pace of population growth in this century. But if we judge the idea that three-fourths of people who ever lived are alive today to be a ridiculous statement, have demographers come up with a better estimate? Any such exercise can be only a highly speculative enterprise, to be undertaken with far less seriousness than most demographic inquiries. Nonetheless, it is a somewhat intriguing idea that can be approached on at least a semi-scientific basis. And semi-scientific it must be, because there are, of course, absolutely no demographic data available for 99 percent of the span of the human stay on Earth. Still, with some speculation concerning prehistoric populations, we can at least approach a guesstimate of this elusive number. How Many People Have Ever Lived On Earth? 108 Billion Year Source: Population Reference Bureau estimates. Prehistory and History Any estimate of the total number of people who have ever been born will depend basically on two factors: the length of time humans are thought to have been on Earth and the average size of the human population at different periods. Fixing a time when the human race actually came into existence is not a straightforward matter. Various ancestors of Homo sapiens seem to have appeared at least as early as 700,000 B.C. Hominids walked the Earth as early as several million years ago. According to the United Nations Determinants and Consequences of Population Trends, modern Homo sapiens may have appeared about 50,000 B.C. This long period of 50,000 years holds the key to the question of how many people have ever been born. At the dawn of agriculture, about 8000 B.C., the population of the world was somewhere on the order of 5 million. (Very rough figures are given in the table; these are averages of an estimate of ranges given by the United Nations and other sources.) The slow growth of population over the 8,000-year period, from an estimated 5 million to 300 million in 1 A.D., results in a very low growth rate—only 0.0512 percent per year. It is difficult to come up with an average world population size over this period. In all likelihood, human populations in different regions grew or declined in response to famines, the vagaries of animal herds, hostilities, and changing weather and climatic conditions. In any case, life was short. Life expectancy at birth probably averaged only about 10 years for most of human history. Estimates of average life expectancy in Iron Age France have been put at only 10 or 12 years. Under these conditions, the birth rate would have to be about 80 per 1,000 people just for the species to survive. Today, a high birth rate would be about 45 to 50 per 1,000 population, observed in only a few countries of Africa and in several Middle Eastern countries that have young populations. Our birth rate assumption will greatly affect the estimate of the number of people ever born. Infant mortality in the human race's earliest days is thought to have been very high—perhaps 500 infant deaths per 1,000 births, or even higher. Children were


The President of the USA sometimes travels in Marine One what kind of vehicle is this?

Presidential State Car (United States)_ United States Secret Service_ Marine One | Trile\'s Weblog Just another WordPress.com weblog Presidential State Car (United States)_ United States Secret Service_ Marine One The Presidential State Car is a name that can be given to several limousines used by the President of the United States . Current model The current Presidential Limousine is a 2006 hand-crafted, armored version of the stretch Cadillac DTS (DeVille Touring Sedan), weighing 60,000 pounds, first used on January 20 , 2005 during the second inauguration parade of George W. Bush . The vehicle was custom built by a team formerly called O’Gara, Hess and Eisenhart , founded in Fairfield , Ohio in 1942, specializing in armoring limousines for presidents and heads of state, and now a subsidiary of BAE Systems . [1] The vehicle’s exterior is that of a Cadillac DTS, however a GM truck chassis with a specialized engine is used. The standard DeVille flush-style door handles have been replaced by a loop-type design, made specifically for this vehicle. The security door handles may only be opened by trained Secret Service personnel. The exterior wreath-and-crest emblems located behind the rear side windows are the only stock components. Similar to its predecessor, the 2001 Presidential Limousine, the stretch Cadillac features an executive plush interior with a rear foldaway desktop, an extensive entertainment system featuring a 10-disc CD changer and adaptive, massaging cushions. The president sits in the rear seat, facing a console-mounted, secure communications panel which is connected to five antennas mounted on the trunk lid. The vehicle has a United States flag mounted on the left front fender and a Presidential flag on the right front fender. Flush-mounted high intensity discharge (HID) spotlights illuminate the flags at night. Similar to an option available on the standard Cadillac DTS, the presidential limousine is said to have a night vision system, with the camera placed in an undisclosed location. The exterior is paneled with five inches of ballistic armor, designed to withstand anti-tank grenade launchers. The underside of the car is also armored. The fully functional windows are made of transparent armor of sufficient thickness to block sunlight, requiring interior illumination with artificial lighting. The car has a run-flat tire system utilizing tires custom made twice annually by GoodYear. The limousine is environmentally sealed against chemical and biological attacks. Vice-President Dick Cheney leaving the National Cathedral in his limousine following Gerald Ford ‘s funeral The presidential motorcade always includes a physician and nurse-equipped ambulance, a secret service communications vehicle and two or three additional Presidential Limousines. The Presidential Limousine uses the call sign “Cadillac One.” Cadillac One is airlifted for domestic and international use primarily by U.S. Air Force C-17 Globemaster III . The President’s Limousine is one of the most distinct automobiles in the world[ citation needed ] with its imposing frame and Presidential Seal affixed to the rear doors. When the President travels on domestic and working international trips, Cadillac One displays the American and Presidential flags. When the President performs a state visit to a foreign country, the Presidential flag is replaced by the foreign country’s flag. While on a June 2007 overseas visit to Rome, Italy, the presidential limousine in which President Bush was riding experienced mechanical failure and stalled during a motorcade. In a video widely available on the internet, the presidential limousine can be seen coasting to a halt while the Secret Service agent at the wheel attempts to restart the engine. The vehicle was not able to be immediately restarted and the President was evacuated from the car and placed into the backup limousine. Secret Service and Italian Police are observed attempting to secure the crowd and form a security cordon during the unscheduled stop; finally, after a period of some time, the President emer


Noble Team | Halo Nation | Fandom powered by Wikia Edit Noble Team was primarily composed of SPARTAN-IIIs pulled out of their main companies by Kurt-051 and Franklin Mendez before large-scale operations where the companies were mostly wiped out, Operation: PROMETHEUS in the case of Alpha Company and Operation: TORPEDO with Beta Company . [1] Prior to the Fall of Reach , Noble Team had managed to survive countless battles, always coming back from suicide assignments, but not without a cost: only two members of the original team, Carter and Kat, remained alive by 2552. [3] Noble Team also operated with non-Spartan military personnel more extensively than other Spartan teams. To grant them more operational freedom when interacting with military personnel, the members of Noble Team had been given higher ranks than most Spartans by their CO . [4] In 2552, the team was under the command of Colonel Urban Holland of the UNSC Army . [5] The SPARTAN-IIIs of Noble Team utilized equipment on par with the SPARTAN-IIs, such as the Mjolnir Powered Assault Armor , which is far more advanced than the cheaper SPI armor worn by the rest of the SPARTAN-IIIs. The team was issued with the Mark V Mjolnir Armor on November 24, 2551 . Unlike the mainline SPARTAN-IIs, whose armor was fairly uniform in coloration, the members of Noble Team sported a variety of color schemes and field-customized armor variants. When Reach was deemed lost, and there was no hope of saving it, Noble Team ensured that humanity would have a fighting chance against the Covenant and future enemies by delivering a high priority package to Captain Keyes and making sure the Pillar of Autumn escaped intact with it. Three members of the team gave their lives for the mission, leaving only one member of the team still alive as the other two died during the Fall of Reach . Team Composition Deceased members from the Fall of Reach Commander Carter-A259 (Noble One) - A no-nonsense soldier, Carter served as the leader of Noble Team. [5] Listed MIA. Confirmed KIA in an intentional Pelican crash during the Fall of Reach. [6] Lieutenant Commander Catherine-B320 (Noble Two) - Carter's curious and intrepid second-in-command, Kat served as the intelligence specialist. [5] Listed MIA. Confirmed KIA by a Needle Rifle during the Fall of Reach . [7] Warrant Officer Emile-A239 (Noble Four) - A bold and aggressive Spartan, Emile was the assault specialist of the team. [5] Listed MIA. Confirmed KIA by Energy Sword of Sangheili Zealots during the Fall of Reach . [6] Chief Warrant Officer Jorge-052 (Noble Five) - The only Spartan-II on the team, Jorge and his "humane" personality served as the team's heavy weapons specialist. [5] Listed MIA/KIA during Operation: UPPER CUT . [8] Lieutenant SPARTAN-B312 (Noble Six) - The protagonist of Halo: Reach. A new addition to the team, this Spartan's background is mostly unknown. They have no specified role, known only as the team's 'Hyper-Lethal Vector' [5] Listed MIA. Confirmed KIA by Sangheili warriors sometime towards the end of the Fall of Reach . [9] Other Spartans were constantly kept on rotation for the team, including SPARTAN-344 , who would take Emile's place in the case of a counterinsurgency operation. When one member fell in the line of duty, a new SPARTAN would be brought in as a replacement. Known former members Thom-A293 (Former Noble Six) - Killed destroying a Covenant CCS-class battlecruiser on April 22, 2552 during the Battle of Fumirole and replaced with SPARTAN-B312 immediately prior to the Fall of Reach . [10] Temporary members Rosenda-A344 (Noble Four replacement) - Emile-A239 's replacement if another Insurrectionist operation comes up. Her current status is unknown. Living members Warrant Officer Jun-A266 (Noble Three) - A thoughtful and taciturn soldier, Jun served as the sniper of Noble Team. [5] Jun is confirmed to be alive and help handpick the very first  SPARTAN-IV .  [11] [12] Trivia Edit The flag in the Capture the Flag mode in Halo: Reach bears the emblem of Noble Team. Some gameplay footage for HALO 4 at PAX Prime (August 31-


The name of which type of beer glass is also the name of a flower?

Flower names in English, French and Latin. Flower name with flower meaning - the Language of Flowers A.* *As many of these English flower names are but little used, the French and      Latin synonyms are given in parallel columns. English flower names French flower names Latin flower names Meaning of flowers Acacia, Acacia, Acacia, Platonic love. Acacia, rose, Acacia, rose, Acacia, rosea, Elegance. Acanthus, Acanthe, Acanthus, Arts. Almond-tree, Amandier, Amygdalus, Thoughtlessness. Aloes, parrot-bill, Aloï¿½s, bee de perroquet   Small talk. Aloes, socotrine, Aloï¿½s, socotrine, Aloe, succotrina, Bitterness and pain. Amaranth, Amaranthe, Amaranthus, Immortality. American Aloe, Agavï¿½, Agave Americana, Security. Angelica, Angelique, Angelica, Inspiration. Anthericum, Phalangï¿½re, Phalangium, Antidote. Arum, Gouet, commun, Arum vulgare, Ardor. Arum, Fly-catching, Arum, gobe-mouche, Arum crinitum, Snare. Ash, Frï¿½ne ï¿½levï¿½, Fraxinus excelsior Greatness. Ash-leaved Trumpet-flower, Jasmin de Virginie, Biguonia radicans, Separation. Aspen, Peuplier tremble, Populus tremula, Groan. Aster, china, Marguerite-reine, Aster chinensis, Variety. B. Balm Melisse citronelle, Melissa officinalis, Joke. Balsam of Peru, Baume du Perou, Myroxylon, Cure. Barberry, Epine-vinette, Berberis, Sourness. Basil, Basilic, Ocimum, Hatred. Beech-tree, Hï¿½tre commun, Fagus sylvatica, Prosperity. Bellflower, Campanule, Campanula, Indiscretion. Bellflower, pyramidal, Pyramidale bleue, Campanula pyramidalis, Constancy. Bindweed, purple, Liseron pourpre, Convolvulus purpureus, Eminence. Bindweed, field, Liseron des champs, Convolvulus arvensis, Humility. Bird cherry-tree, Lauier-amandier, Prunus padus, Perfidy. Black thorn, Epine noire, Prunus sylvestris, Difficulty. Bladder-senna, Baguenaudier, Colutea arborescens Frivolous amusement. Bluebottle, Bluet, Centaurea cyanus, Delicacy. Borage, Bourrache, Borage, Bluntness. Box, Buis, Buxus, Stoicism. Bramble, Ronce, Rubus, Envy. Broom-rape, Orobanche majeure, Orobauche major, Union. Broom, Spanish, Genï¿½t dï¿½Espagne, Genista juncea, Cleanliness. Broom, prickly, Genï¿½t ï¿½pineux, Genista spiniflora, Misanthropy. Bryony, Tame commun, Tamus communis, Support. Buck-bean, Menyauthe, Menyanthes, Quiet; repose. Bugloss, Buglosse, Anchusa, Falsehood. Burdock. Bardane, Aretium Lappa Importunity. C. Cactus, Cactier, Cactus, Maternal love. Catch-fly, night-flowering, Silï¿½nï¿½, fleur de nuit, Silene noeturna, Night. Celsia, great flowered, Celsie ï¿½ Crete, Celsia cretica, Immortality. Chaste-tree, Gattilier commun, Vitex, Coldness, Cherry-tree, Cerisier, Cerasus, Education. Chestnut-tree, Chataignier, Castanea Justice. Chestnut-tree, horse, Marronnier dï¿½Inde, ï¿½sculus hippocastanum, Luxury. Christmas aconite, Hellebore de Noï¿½l, Helleborus, Wit. Cinquefoil, Quinte-feuille, Potentilla Beloved daughter. Clove-tree, Giroflier, Caryophyllus aromaticus, Dignity. Columbine, Ancolie, Aquilegia, Folly. Coltsfoot, sweet-scented, Tussilage odorant, Tussilago fragrans, Justice. Coriander, Coriandre, Coriandrum, Hidden worth. Cornel-tree, Cornouiller, Cornus, Duration. Crown-imperial, Couronne impï¿½riale, Fritillaria imperialis Power. Crowfoot, marsh, Renoncule scï¿½lï¿½ate, Rannuculus sceleratus, Ingratitude. Crowfoot, meadow, Renoncule, bouton dï¿½or, Ranunculus aeris, Perfidy. Currant, Groseiller, Ribes rubrum, Thankfulness. Cypress Cyprï¿½s, Cupressus, Mourning. D. Daffodil , common, Narcisse des prï¿½s, Narcissus sylvestris, Deceitful hopes. Dahlia, Dahlia, Dahlia, Novelty. Dandelion, Pissenlit, Leontodon, Oracle. Daisy, double, Paquerette double, Dellis hortensis, Affection. Daisy, single, Paquerette simple Bellis simplex, Innocence. Daisy , wild, Marguerite des prï¿½s, Bellis perennis, Dost thou love me? Date-plum, Plaqueminier, Diospyros, Resistance. Day-lily, yellow, Belle de jour, Hemerocallis flava, Coquetry. Dittany of Crete, Dietame de Crete Origanum Dictamnus, Birth. Dittany, white, Fraxinelle, Dictamnus Fire. Dock, Patience, Rumex, Patience. Dodder, Cuscute, Cuscula, Baseness. Dragon-plant, Arum


Stansted Airport is accessed from junction 8 of which motorway?

Days Inn Stansted Airport M11 Motorway Junction 8 M11 Motorway Junction 8, Old Dunmow Road, Bishop's Stortford, Essex, CM23 5QZ Distance from Stansted Airport: 3.2 miles (5.1 km) Hotel Vicinity: Nearest: Railway Station: Bishops Stortford 1.3 miles (2.1 km), Tube Station: Epping 12.8 miles (20.6 km), Motorway: M11 Junction 8 0.2 miles (0.3 km).  Great location for Stansted transfers, incoming or outgoing. The Days Inn Stansted/Bishops Stortford is situated within the Birchanger Services right by junction 8 of the M11. This is the start of the dual carriageway that leads right to the terminal building at Stansted Airport. The M11 also gives access to East London as well as to the North of England and M25 orbital motorway around London. The Birchanger Welcome break services have fast outlets including a Burger King as well as a newsagents selling sandwiches. Its a very short walk from the main services facilities to the hotel. Hotel in Detail: Rooms at the Days Inn Stansted Airport are all en-suite with satellite TV (in-house movies), clock radio, tea and coffee making facilities, free newspaper and telephone. Bedrooms have Wi-Fi internet access (free of charge). Executive rooms have a laptop size safe, iron/ironing board, mini fridge and are air-conditioned. They also have a hypnos bed. The Days Inn London Stansted Airport offers room service breakfast. However there are also several restaurants adjacent in the services area plus a supermarket. There is a 24 hour reception. Unlimited wireless internet access is available throughout the hotel. Hotel also has faxing & copy machine facilities, wheelchair access, roll in shower, wake up call system, multi language staff, express checkout, toiletries available and safe deposit box at front desk. The Days Inn Stansted Airport is totally smoking free. Parking is available next to Starbucks and is free of charge. The hotel can arrange transport to the airport for guests. Shuttle: Hotel can arrange a local taxi. There is a bus stop at the services area which runs buses to and from Stansted Airport as part of longer routes. Includes the 308 and 33. Bedroom Numbers: 60 Public parking is available on site and charges may apply. Internet: Complimentary wireless internet access throughout. Compared to other London hotels: This hotel has been rated 75% by past guests. The London average is 80% and the average for  3 star hotels is 77%. Therefore this hotel is below average for its sector (star rating) . Days Hotels across the chain average 75% so this hotel is rated as average when compared to other Days hotels. Compared to surrounding hotels: The hotels rating of 75% is the same as the 75% average guest rating for the area around Stansted. Milesfaster ranking: 607th from 845 London hotels, 5th of 6 Days Hotels,  17th of 27 Stansted hotels, and 194th of 323 three star rated hotels. Another to Consider: A similar type of hotel (size, rating) nearby (0.3 miles, 0.5 km) would be the 3 star Travelodge Stansted Bishops Stortford , with rates that start from about £30 and which has a 70% guest satisfaction rating. Can we suggest something with a higher guest score? We suggest the 3 Star Premier Inn Stansted Airport seems like a possible option being 2.3 miles (3.7 km) from the Days Inn London Stansted Airport. A highly rated hotel with a guest score of 86%. History: Was called the Days Inn Stansted Bishops Stortford untill April 2016. Was known as the Welcome Lodge Stansted till 2004. Amenities


Which famous English painter (1776-1837) was born in East Bergholt, Suffolk?

Suffolk - Famous People Suffolk - Famous People Suffolk - Main Page Top Surnames Edward FitzGerald (1809 - 1883) Edward FitzGerald (poet)  From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia   Edward FitzGerald  Born 31 March 1809  Bredfield House, Bredfield, Woodbridge, Suffolk, England, United Kingdom  Died 14 June 188... George Orwell (1903 - 1950) On each landing, opposite the lift shaft, the poster with the enormous face gazed from the wall. It was one of those pictures which are so contrived that the eyes follow you about when you move. BIG BR... Famous People Connected to Suffolk Image right - Dr. Elizabeth Garret Anderson Those people of note with connections to the county are listed below. Some of these connections are a little tenuous - counties like to lay claim to people of renown! Please add information about people of renown connected to Suffolk, England. If the person has a profile on Geni please add their profile to the project and add the link in bold. Getting Involved Feel free to follow, request to collaborate To join the project use the request link under "actions" at the top right of the page. Visit See the discussion Project Help: How to add Text to a Project - Starter Kit to get you going! A Dr Elizabeth Garrett Anderson , LSA, MD (9 June 1836 – 17 December 1917) - was a physician and feminist. She was the second of nine children of Newson Garrett, a grain merchant and maltster from Aldeburgh. After studying medicine in London, her name was entered on the medical register and she was the first woman qualified in Britain to do so. In 1897 Dr Garrett Anderson was elected president of the East Anglian branch of the British Medical Association. On 9 November 1908 she was elected mayor of Aldeburgh, the first female mayor in England. She died in 1927 and is buried in Aldeburgh. B Benjamin Britten - (22 November 1913 – 4 December 1976) - the composer, conductor, and pianist, Benjamin Britten was born in Lowestoft, to a dentist father and an amateur musician mother. He was educated at Old Buckenham Hall School in Suffolk, and in 1927 he began private lessons in music that would be the beginning of his now world-famous musical career. C Beryl Cook , OBE - (10 September 1926 – 28 May 2008) - born in Surrey, best known for her comical paintings of people. John Constable (1776-1837) English Romantic painter, was born in East Bergholt, a village on the River Stour in Suffolk, to Golding and Ann (Watts) Constable. His father was a wealthy corn merchant, owner of Flatford Mill in East Bergholt and, later, Dedham Mill in Essex. George Crabbe (24 December 1754 – 3 February 1832) - the English poet and artist, was born in Aldeburgh where he first developed his love of poetry. In 1768 he was apprenticed to a local doctor. The field of medicine taught and interested him little, and in 1771 he changed masters and moved to Woodbridge. There he met his future wife, Sarah Elmy. His first major work, a poem entitled Inebriety, was self-published in 1775. He became most well known for The Village (1783) and The Borough (1810). He was ordained as a priest in 1872. At one time, Crabbe was also an active and notable coleopterist and recorder of beetles, and is credited for taking the first specimen of Calosoma sycophanta L. to be recorded from Suffolk. D Jimmy Doherty (born 1975) - the Suffolk-based farmer and television presenter was born in Ilford, Essex and trained as a farmer in Cumbria. It was here that he met Michaela Furney, his future wife, and the two of them set up The Essex Pig Company utilising free–range meat production practices. Jimmy went on buy his own farm in Wherstead near Ipswich, which became the base for his BBC TV series, Jimmy's Farm. E F Millicent Fawcett (1847-1929). - the sister of Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, was born to a progressive family who supported the education of women. Mrs Fawcett was a suffragist. In contrast to the militant suffragettes, she believed in using law-abiding, non-violent means to gain the vote for women, including petitions, lobbying and spectacular marches. Mrs Fawcett became pres


By what given name was physicist Fahrenheit known?

Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit Biography   Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit Biography Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, also called Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit (May 24, 1686 - September 16, 1736), was a physicist and an engineer, who most of his life worked in Netherlands and for whom the Fahrenheit scale of temperature is named. Fahrenheit was born in Gdansk in Polish province of Royal Prussia where the Fahrenheits naturalised in 1650. He was the son of businessman Daniel Fahrenheit and Concordia Fahrenheit (widowed name Runge), who was the daughter of the well-known Gdansk business family Schumann. Of the five Fahrenheit children who survived childhood (2 sons, 3 daughters), Daniel was the oldest. Daniel's grandfather Reinhold Fahrenheit immigrated to Gdansk, from one of the quarters of Kï¿½nigsberg(Kneiphof/Knipawa) and settled there as a businessman. Research suggests that the Fahrenheit family originated in Hildesheim, although they lived in Rostock before moving to Kï¿½nigsberg Upon the early death of his parents he had to take up business training. However, his interest in natural sciences caused him to take up studies and experimentation in that field. Fahrenheit's studies brought him to Amsterdam, where he gave lectures in chemistry. In 1724 he became a member of the Royal Society. He developed precise thermometers. The Fahrenheit scale was widely used in Europe until a switch to the Celsius scale. It is still used by the general population for everyday temperature measurement in the United States. When he first made his thermometers, he used alcohol instead of mercury. Later he used mercury, which gave better results.


The Royal Navy Submarine Museum is in which port?

The Royal Navy Submarine Museum - Conferences & Weddings Conferences Category in Gosport, Portsmouth - Visit Portsmouth You are here: Conferences & Business > The Royal Navy Submarine Museum The Royal Navy Submarine Museum Type:Conferences & Weddings Conferences Category The Royal Navy Submarine Museum Haslar Jetty Road The John Fieldhouse Building Banqueting Unit The John Fieldhouse Building Boardroom Unit The John Fieldhouse Building Cabaret Unit The John Fieldhouse Building Classroom Unit The John Fieldhouse Building Theatre Unit The John Fieldhouse Building U-Shaped Unit 15 About The Royal Navy Submarine Museum is a blend of stunning futuristic architecture alongside the majestic HMS Alliance. Both set on the shores of Portsmouth Harbour with views across the marina and to the magnificent Spinnaker Tower this is a great venue for a museum visit or a prestigious event. There is a great collection of personal items and artefacts from Submariners and Naval personnel that helps to tell the personal side to working on the Submarines and is available to see in the galleries in the John Fieldhouse Building. The Royal Navy Submarine Museum is available all year round for dinners, parties, wedding receptions, trade fairs, product launches, conferences and meetings. With our dedicated team available to organise your event or advise on suppliers such as caterers and entertainment, your event can run smoothly and stress free. For more information please email Siobhan.eyley@nmrn.org.uk or ed.mayhew@nmrn.org.uk or call on 02392505609. Overview The Royal Navy Submarine Museum (RNSM) began in 1963 housed above St Ambrose Church in HMS Dolphin and was officially registered as a charity in 1970. In 1978 the museum was moved outside HMS Dolphin’s confines, allowing full public access. It was at this time that the Royal Navy’s Training and Static Display submarine, HMS/m Alliance was donated to the museum. The complex that we now recognise as the RNSM opened in August 1981 with HMS/m Alliance as the principal exhibit. In 2011, the RNSM became affiliated with a new public organisation funded primarily by the MOD, the National Museum of the Royal Navy (NMRN). This organisation also includes the NMRN Portsmouth, Explosion Museum of Naval Firepower, HMS Victory (both situated in Portsmouth Historic Dockyard), Royal Marines Museum and the Fleet Air Arm Museum. Vision and mission The Vision of the Royal Navy Submarine Museum, which defines what we aspire to be is ‘to be commercially sustainable and the world’s most respected naval submarine museum and memorial to the submarine service, a major tourist asset for Gosport and Hampshire, and a first class employer’ The Mission of the Royal Navy Submarine Museum, which defines what we do, is: ‘We tell the story of the Royal Navy Submarine Service’ The collection The main attraction is HMS Alliance, the UK’s only surviving walk through WW2 era submarine and the memorial to 5,300 British submariners who have given their lives in service. The RNSM has a total of 5 submarines in their collection with Holland 1, the very first RN submarine launched in 1901 and X24, the only surviving WW2 midget submarine regarded as significant maritime artefacts. Alliance and Holland 1 are the only submarines on the UK’s core ships register, so sit alongside HMS Victory, Mary Rose and Cutty Sark as ships of national importance. The Museum also has a collection of thousands of personal items, photos and documents detailing the lives of every British submariner who has served in the Royal Navy most of which are shown in The John Fieldhouse Building. The John Fieldhouse building plays host to many functions from Wedding Receptions to Wedding Anniversary Parties, photo-shoots to birthday parties and Christmas dinners to talks and lectures. It is available to hire between 6pm and midnight 363 days a year. It is also available for hire for events such as conferences or exhibitions during the day on Mondays and Tuesdays from November to March. The events themselves take place in the wonderful entrance hall for The Joh


Which creatures belong to the order Coleoptera?

Order Coleoptera - Beetles - BugGuide.Net Home » Guide » Arthropods (Arthropoda) » Hexapods (Hexapoda) » Insects (Insecta) » Beetles (Coleoptera) Order Coleoptera - Beetles grubs (larvae only), white grubs (especially larvae of scarab beetles) Spanish: escarabajo Co`le*op"te*ra (coe-lee-OP-ter-rah) Synonyms and other taxonomic changes The Coleoptera have recently undergone massive taxonomic changes( 1 )( 2 )( 3 ), although the superfamilial arrangement appears settled( 4 ). Many groups once treated at family rank are now subfamilies, and vice versa. If you can't find your group: search with a wildcard (e.g. Pselaphi* - the former Pselaphidae is now treated as a subfamily of the Staphylinidae), OR go to the Taxonomy tab and click the "view all" link to see the list of all the subordinate taxa on one page Recent changes in higher taxonomy followed in the Guide but not reflected (or not fully implemented) in( 1 )( 2 ) Scydmaenidae sunk into Staphylinidae Ceratocanthidae sunk into Hybosoridae Anobiidae are now Ptinidae members of the cerylonid clade recently moved from Cucujoidea to a separate superfamily, Coccinelloidea, and underwent massive splitting Brachypteridae are now Kateretidae Cybocephalidae restored( 5 ) Monommatidae and Colydiidae sunk into Zopheridae Bruchidae sunk into Chrysomelidae (had a separate family chapter (121)( 2 ) but were also included into the key to subfamilies( 2 ) and the synopsis of the higher classification of NA Chrysomelidae( 2 )) Rhysodidae are increasingly treated within Carabidae (arrangement not yet implemented in the Guide) Derodontoidea per Lawrence et al. (2010) Akalyptoischiidae split from Latridiidae Dryophthoridae & Brachyceridae split from Curculionidae (although there are signs both may be back) Explanation of Names Coleoptera: Greek koleon 'sheath' + pteron 'wing'; Aristotle already called beetles 'koleopteros' (κολεοπτερος) to refer to the hardened front wings protecting the membranous hind wings. English beetle means "the little biter", derived from Old English bītan, "to bite" (Patridge 1958) Numbers The largest order in the animal kingdom, with close to 390,000 described species in almost 30,000 genera of 176 families worldwide( 6 ), representing about 40% of known insects. About 25,000 described (close to 28,000 estimated) spp. in ~130 families are known from our area( 7 )( 8 ), ~8200 in Canada( 9 ) Genera missing in the Guide are listed in( 10 ) FAMILIES REPRESENTED IN OUR AREA (adapted from( 3 )): Order Coleoptera 0.3-200 mm Identification Adult: elytra (forewings) horny or leathery, almost always meeting in a straight line down the back and covering the membranous hindwings that are usually longer than the elytra, and folded beneath the elytra when not in use. In some groups the elytra are short and do not fully cover the abdomen. One or both pairs of wings are rarely reduced or absent. The antennae typically 11-segmented (rarely more or less) and variable in shape. The tarsi 3- to 5-segmented. Abdomen commonly has 5 segments visible, sometimes with up to 8. Mouthparts of adults and most larvae adapted for chewing. Larva: variable in form, hardness of body, and development of appendages, but commonly with hardened (sclerotized) head capsule, 3 pairs of thoracic legs and soft body VISUAL GUIDE TO FAMILIESNot aligned with the scheme above! • Numbers in brackets correspond to American Beetles chapter( 1 )( 2 ) • Thumbnails-only version Order Coleoptera Family Cupedidae - Reticulated Beetles [1] Family Micromalthidae - Telephone-pole Beetles [2] Family Sphaeriusidae - Minute Bog Beetles [3] Family Hydroscaphidae - Skiff Beetles [4] Family Rhysodidae - Wrinkled Bark Beetles [5] Family Carabidae - Ground Beetles [6] Family Gyrinidae - Whirligig Beetles [7] Family Haliplidae - Crawling Water Beetles [8] Family Trachypachidae - False Ground Beetles [9] Family Noteridae - Burrowing Water Beetles [10] Family Amphizoidae - Trout-stream Beetles [11] Family Dytiscidae - Predaceous Diving Beetles [12] Family Hydrophilidae - Water Scavenger Beetles [13] Family Sphaeritidae - False Clo


The Autoroute du Soleil is the name given to the A6 from Paris to Lyon, it continues from there as the A7, to which city?

motorway aires - aires on the busy A7 autoroute | France zone at abelard.org aires on the busy A7 autoroute       Motorway aires are designed to provide a suitable environment for relaxing, refreshing and recovering during the long, hard journeys. As well as facilities of often dubious nature, picnic tables and seats, a telephone kiosk, there are often optional extras such as a play area or a display related to some local interest or event. the a7 autoroute (going south from lyon to marseilles) A7 is called the Autoroute du Soleil - the motorway of the Sun (this name is also given to the A6 which adjoins the A7 north of Lyon). It certainly take its users from grey northern climes down to the sunny south and the Mediterranean holiday resorts. the motorway of heavy traffic As you will know from elsewhere in the France zone, I tend to keep away from cities, and Lyon is the third biggest city in France after Paris and Marseilles This is where the mighty and turbulent Rhone river turns southward and heads between the Alps and the Massif Central, on its journey to the Mediterranean. First opened in 1951, the 302-km long A7 motorway follows the Rhone for much of its route, until the motorway diverts eastwards at Orange to end near Marseilles on the Mediterranean Sea. The Rhone continues south into the 300 square mile [780 square kilometres] delta of the Camargue. All around the largest cities of France tend to be crowded, rather unpleasant motorway ring roads, and Lyon is no exception. Thus, as you approach or leave these conurbations, the aires are generally dusty, unpleasant, polluted, crowded, noisy and otherwise do not find a place on our best aires guide. So if you are intending to spend time in these havens, and you are approaching or leaving the largest towns and cities, either stop before the countryside starts to smoke up, or expect to drive twenty or thirty miles away from the next city centre before the greatest marvels of airesdom become available. The geography of the motorways around Lyon make it convenient to split the aires guide into four parts: north, east, south and west. This page is the southbound section. The westbound section (incomplete - 11.09.2006] is on the A89 page . North and east have yet to be born. The A7 motorway is a heavily used north-south artery, taking traffic from northern France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany down to Marseilles, Provence and the Mediterranean, and on to Italy and Spain. Other traffic is local, the A7 serving the highly industrial Rhone Valley from Lyon to Vienne, Valence, Orange and Avignon. There are also east-west connections to St Etienne, Grenoble and Aix. The heavy industry means that the Rhone Valley often has severe air pollution. Even on hot summer days, it is wiser and more pleasant on some stretches to drive with windows shut and rely on your car’s air conditioning. The third main group of users for the A7 is holiday makers. The A7 pretty well always has a heavy traffic load. During work holidays [ les congés] which, as well as the summer holidays, include Christmas and Easter, as well as extended weekends when a one-day public holiday falls a day or two before or after Saturday and Sunday.(Public holidays include Pentecost/Whitsun, 1st May - Workers’ Day, 8th May - 1945 Victory, Ascension, 14th Juillet - Bastille Day, 15th August - Assumption, 1st November - All Saints. At these times, the normally busy A7 becomes saturated with vehicles, with sometimes 100s of kilometres of traffic jams [bouchons, embouteillages ], particularly going south at the start of the congés and going north towards their end. The heavy traffic load is even greater still during the last week of July and the first week of August, when those who take their summer holiday during July [the juilletistes] return home, while those who take their holiday in August [the aoutiens] are departing, and are all travelling in the grand autoroute holiday chassé-croisé . The best way to avoid being involved in this slow-moving, sometimes fraug


Who played the title role in the modern day pirate film 'Captain Philips'?

'Captain Phillips': A First-Time Actor, Opposite Tom Hanks : NPR Barkhad Abdi (center) learned to swim, navigate small skiff boats, handle weapons — and act — for the film Captain Phillips. Jasin Boland hide caption toggle caption Jasin Boland Barkhad Abdi (center) learned to swim, navigate small skiff boats, handle weapons — and act — for the film Captain Phillips. Jasin Boland Before landing a role opposite Tom Hanks in the film Captain Phillips, Barkhad Abdi had never acted. "This was my first time acting, or even thinking about acting," Abdi tells NPR's Arun Rath. Captain Phillips is based on a true story: the hijacking of the cargo ship Maersk Alabama. Hanks stars as the title character, Capt. Richard Phillips, and Adbi plays Muse, the man who leads the charge against ship and crew. Abdi was born in Somalia and lived there until he was 7. At 14, Abdi moved from Yemen to Minneapolis, Minn., which is home to tens of thousands of Somalis. He learned about the role from a local TV ad. He says close to 800 people were at the audition. After a long day of waiting, he was asked a few questions and finally was handed a script for the character Muse. Though some people in his life were worried about how the film would portray Somalia, Abdi says he had to take the opportunity. "I knew it was a true story, so it was just a chance that I could take," he says. Article continues after sponsorship "I hope people understand the culture clash between these very, very different characters, Capt. Phillips and Muse," Abdi says. "One had just, the normal life, you know, he went to school, college, graduated, family, and now he [has] a job. And the other one is just someone that grew up in a war-torn country, that had no hope, no school, no job, no government, nothing." 'Captain Phillips' And The Terrible Excitement Of Real Action For his role, Abdi trained for over a month to learning how to handle weapons, maneuver the tiny skiff boat, and, most importantly, he says, to swim. Learning to act was a challenge, too. At first, Abdi says, it was difficult to relate to Muse, until he dug deep to realize what they had in common. "When I really thought of the actual character — he's a very desperate guy that had this only chance to be something. I relate to him simply because I was born in Somalia." As a child in Somalia, Abdi says he witnessed a whole year of the civil war, which began in 1991. "I was really blessed to have parents that got me out. Certainly [Muse] did not have that." "I look at him as someone that had nothing to lose, a ruthless man who has nothing to lose. A man who has nothing to lose is dangerous," Abdi says. "So, that's how I became his character." As for working with Hanks, Abdi says it was an honor. "I did not expect him to be that nice, honestly," Abdi says. "He's a very humble guy and he's a hardworking man." Abdi's performance in the film has been praised by critics. It's inspiring for the first-time actor, but he's cautious. "You know, that's what I want to do. I want to give it a chance, and I want to see if this was the only character I can act, or [if] I can act."


Which famous English painter (1727-1788) was born in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk?


In 1794 Horatio Nelson lost the sight of his right eye during a battle for which island?

NELSON'S INJURIES  ° NELSON'S INJURIES Here's a mnemonic sent in by Max Von Ferrarim (11/00) that recalls the proper sequence of Lord Nelson's injuries - what parts and in what order: "   E   A   R s   " (Eye, Arm, Right [x2]) Viscount Admiral Horatio Nelson (1758-1805) is probably the greatest tactician in naval history, and is chiefly remembered for defeating Napoleon's fleet off Cape Trafalgar, where he died of a shot wound during the height of the battle. Nelson was seriously injured in several earlier battles however. At the outbreak of the Napoleonic Wars in 1793 he was made Captain of the battleship Agamemnon and given command of operations against the French island of Corsica where, during seven months of hard fighting ashore, he partially lost the sight in his right eye in 1794. Three years later in 1797 as Rear Admiral Nelson he lost his right arm during an assault on the Spanish base of Santa Cruz in the Canary Islands. He also received a severe head wound at the Battle of the Nile in 1798, after which he spent two years recouperating in Naples (where he met and began a very public affair with Lady Hamilton). None of these injuries caused his career to suffer. In fact he used his injuries to advantage on occasion, most famously at the Battle of Copenhagen (1801) where, ordered by Admiral Parker to cease a daring harbour attack on the Danish fleet because of early losses, Nelson raised a telescope to his blind eye and announced "I really do not see the signal", before going on to destroy the fleet (preventing its use by Napoleon). His remark is now often paraphrased in seafaring comedies as "I see no ships - only 'ardships!"


Located in the Lake District and with a maximum depth of 79 metres, what is the deepest freshwater lake in England?

Lakes | Lake District Hotels and Information Portal Lake Windermere Windermere is Englands largest natural lake. It has been one of the country’s most notable places for holidays and summer homes since 1847, when the Kendal and Windermere Railway built a branch line to it. It is in the county of Cumbria and falls entirely within the Lake District National Park. The word “Windermere” translates Wast Water Wast Water or Wastwater is a lake situated in the Lake District National Park, in Cumbria, England. The lake is roughly 4.6 kilometres (about 3 miles) long and 600 metres (more than a third of a mile) wide, and is situated in the Wasdale valley. It is the deepest lake in England, at 79 metres Thirlmere Thirlmere is a reservoir located in the Lake District National Park, Cumbria, England. Running roughly south to north it is bordered on the eastern side by the A591 road and on the western side by a minor road. Before the construction of the reservoir the site was occupied by two smaller lakes – Leathes Water Ullswater Ullswater is the second biggest lake in the English Lake District, measuring approximately 9 miles (14.5 kilometres) long and 0.75 miles (1,200 metres) wide with a maximum depth of sightly over 60 metres (197 ft). Many regard Ullswater as the most beautiful of all the English lakes and it has been frequently compared to Lake Tarn Hows Tarn Hows is a well known area of the Lake District National Park, containing a picturesque tarn, approximately two miles (3.2 km) northeast of Coniston and about one and a half miles (2.5 km) northwest of Hawkshead. It is without doubt one of the most popular tourist destinations in the area with over half a Rydal Water Rydal Water is a small lake located in the central region of the English Lake District, in the county of Cumbria. As it is less than a mile long, it is probably better described as a tarn. It is a quarter of a mile in width and approximately 55 feet in depth. It is found Loweswater Loweswater is regarded as one of the smaller lakes in the English Lake District. Loweswater is also the name of a village at the foot of the lake, where one can find the Kirkstile Inn. The lake is not too far from Cockermouth and is also easily reached from elsewhere in West Cumbria. The group Esthwaite Water Esthwaite Water is considered one of the smaller and less well-known lakes in the Lake District national park in northern England. It is found between the much larger lakes of Windermere and Coniston Water, in the traditional county of Lancashire; since 1974 in the administrative county of Cumbria. To the north is the village of Elterwater Elterwater, meaning swan lake, is a small lake that lies half a mile (800 m) south-east of the village of the same name. Both are situated in the valley of Great Langdale in the Lake District in Cumbria, England. Roughly a quarter of the houses in Elterwater are permanently occupied with the rest being holiday Crummock Water photo by: *spud* Crummock Water is a lake lying within the Lake District in Cumbria, England situated between Buttermere to the south and Loweswater to the north. The River Cocker starts at the north of the lake, before then heading into Lorton Vale. The hill of Mellbreak runs the full length of the lake on Haweswater photo by: Elin B Haweswater is a reservoir in the Lake District built in the Mardale valley in the county of Cumbria. The controversial construction of the Haweswater dam was started in 1929 after Parliament passed an Act giving Manchester Corporation permission to build the reservoir to supply much needed water for the urban conurbations


Who played the title character in the TV series 'Wycliffe'?

Wycliffe (TV Series 1994– ) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Set in Cornwall, Detective Superintendent Charles Wycliffe, who works along with his colleagues DI Doug Kersey and DI Lucy Lane, investigates murder cases with his trademark determination and clinical accuracy. Stars: When the manager of the local building society and his wife are killed during an attempted kidnapping, Det. Superintendent Charles Wycliffe has to postpone a well-deserved holiday to Paris - much to ... 8.2 Policeman Alan Trier is murdered and the abrasive Deputy Chief Constable Roth orders Wycliffe to avoid any scandal which would attract outside criticism in his investigation, given that Trier's wife ... 8.2 Hectoring land-owner Lionel Penmore is shot dead and the chief suspects are his tenants Kevin and Laura Kessell. Penmore has tried bribery and violence to evict the pair and their baby, Flo, from the... 8.0 Famous Directors: From Sundance to Prominence From Christopher Nolan to Quentin Tarantino and every Coen brother in between, many of today's most popular directors got their start at the Sundance Film Festival . Here's a list of some of the biggest names to go from Sundance to Hollywood prominence. a list of 35 titles created 25 Oct 2011 a list of 1985 titles created 20 Jul 2012 a list of 22 titles created 20 Jan 2013 a list of 269 titles created 02 Feb 2014 a list of 2127 titles created 15 May 2014 Search for " Wycliffe " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Alcoholic and divorced father of a young daughter, DS Jim Bergerac is a true maverick who prefers doing things his own way, and consequently doesn't always carry out his investigations the way his boss would like. Stars: John Nettles, Terence Alexander, Sean Arnold Lovejoy is an irresistible rogue with a keen eye for antiques. The part-time detective scours the murky salerooms, auction halls and stately homes of Britain, always on the lookout for a find. Stars: Ian McShane, Dudley Sutton, Chris Jury DI Jack Frost is an unconventional policeman with sympathy for the underdog and an instinct for moral justice. Sloppy, disorganized and disrespectful, he attracts trouble like a magnet. Stars: David Jason, Bruce Alexander, John Lyons Dalziel and Pascoe (TV Series 1996) Crime | Mystery | Drama Supt. Dalziel and partner DI Pascoe investigate murders, and find a bond forming between them despite their blatantly differing personalities. Stars: Warren Clarke, Colin Buchanan, David Royle The cases of a portly and eccentric criminal law barrister. Stars: Leo McKern, Jonathan Coy, Julian Curry The trials of the British aristocratic Bellamy family and their household staff. Stars: Gordon Jackson, David Langton, Jean Marsh Hetty wakes on her 60th birthday and decides to become a private investigator. With assistance from a teenager called Geoffrey and her husband Robert, combined with her own common sense, Hetty is confident she can solve any case. Stars: Patricia Routledge, Dominic Monaghan, Derek Benfield The 1960s lives and adventures of the police constabulary, medical staff and residents of Ashfordly and Aidensfield. Stars: William Simons, Derek Fowlds, Tricia Penrose Popular BBC sketch show that introduces a whole host of memorable characters such as Tim-Nice-But-Dim, Wayne and Waynetta Slob, The Old Gits and teenagers Kevin and Perry. The show spawned a slew of spin-off series and films. Stars: Harry Enfield, Paul Whitehouse, Kathy Burke The Korean War and a long lost letter separate the lives of young lovers Jean and Lionel, whose paths cross again by happenstance. Stars: Judi Dench, Geoffrey Palmer, Moira Brooker Comic goings on in this series set in an English holiday camp called Maplins. The title comes from the camp's greeting, which the staff are me


Who usually flies in an aircraft with the call-sign 'Shepherd One'?

Pope Francis traveling on 'Shepherd One' - CNNPolitics.com Moments from the Pope's White House arrival Story highlights FAA call sign for the American Airlines flight carrying Pope Francis in the United States is "Shepherd One." American Airlines is affixing the papal seal to the plane; has a long history of flying popes within the country. Washington (CNN) The President flies on Air Force One. The Pope flies on "Shepherd One." That's the Federal Aviation-approved call sign for the Boeing 777 in which he'll be traveling around the United States, according to an official from American Airlines, which will be operating the plane. The papal seal will also be affixed to the side of the aircraft, the only major modification that's planned. However, the flight number will be blocked per a Secret Service request, so the public won't be able to track its progress. Once Francis wraps up his Washington visit and returns to Andrews Air Force Base on Thursday to head to New York, he'll ditch the Alitalia jetliner he's been on and pick up the American Airlines plane. Air traffic control officials will use the name "Shepherd One" when speaking to the American Airlines captain flying the plane. Read More


Muscovado | Define Muscovado at Dictionary.com muscovado [muhs-kuh-vey-doh, -vah-] /ˌmʌs kəˈveɪ doʊ, -ˈvɑ-/ Spell noun 1. raw or unrefined sugar, obtained from the juice of the sugar cane by evaporating and draining off the molasses. Expand Spanish 1635-1645 1635-45; (< Spanish (azúcar) mascabado) < Portuguese (açúcar) mascavado, past participle of mascavar to separate raw sugar, earlier meoscabar, reduced form of menoscabar to belittle, detract from, cognate with Spanish menoscabar to diminish, reduce < Vulgar Latin *minuscapāre, equivalent to Latin minus smaller, less (see minus ) + Vulgar Latin *-capāre, derivative of *capum, for Latin caput head; cf. achieve , mischief Dictionary.com Unabridged


Which young singer/songwriter was born Jake Edwin Kennedy in Nottingham in 1994, he has released two albums, the first self titled and the second called `Shangri La?

Jake Bugg Tickets, Tour Dates 2017 & Concerts – Songkick Sam's Burger Joint San Antonio, TX, US Biography Jake Edwin Kennedy (born 28th February 1994), better known as Jake Bugg, is an English singer-songwriter hailing from Clifton, Nottingham, UK. It’s difficult to believe that Bugg actually only just turned twenty earlier this year; it already feels as if he’s been around for quite some time now, thanks in no small part to the sheer ubiquity of his self-titled debut record. In fact, it was only released in October of 2012, but the success of singles like “Lightning Bolt” and “Two Fingers” helped cement Bugg’s reputation as Britain’s most promising young troubadour. His outspoken attitude - he readily presented himself as a chart-worthy alternative to the musicians turned out by the likes of The X Factor - and no-nonsense musical approach have endeared him to an ever-burgeoning fanbase, and the runaway success of his chart-topping first album allowed him to decamp to Los Angeles and work with legendary producer Rick Rubin on his follow-up, “Shangri-La”. That, too, went in at number one on the UK charts, and he’s capitalized on that by playing his first ever UK arena shows this year, proving that the hype that surrounded him when he made impressive performances at major festivals and on Later...with Jools Holland two years ago was justified. With his whole career still ahead of him, Bugg is no flash in the pan - work’s already underway on album number three. Live reviews Jake Bugg I have been longing to see Jake live since he burst onto the scene with his brilliant debut album back in 2012. Finally I was lucky enough to get one of only 600 odd tickets for this intimate show at Village Underground. The venue is great and even people at the back of the room would have felt close enough to feel fully engaged. 'Georgie' provided the support and warmed the audience up nicely even if she was nearly 45 minutes late on stage, a fact she was reminded of my one impatient punter. After Georgies short set I feared an equally short one by Mr Bugg as time was pressing on but my fears were allayed as Jake played for 75 minutes almost without taking breath. His one fault being his lack of personal connection with 'his' crowd. 'Here's a new one', 'here's an old one' was pretty much his only interjection' He opened with 'On my one' a short but sour song that felt heartfelt as his voice crackled through the evening air. Bugg has a 'marmite' voice that some might hate but he sings with meaning and it suits his musical style to a tee. The beautiful 'simple pleasures' from second album 'Shangri la' was a highlight for me but 'seen it all' maybe even topped that? It wasn't all about the familiar songs though as Jake tried out several songs from his anticipated new album ( due out in June apparently) and the evening ended with 'gimme the love' his new single which sounded so much better live than the one listen I have had of his free download. Jake is an accomplished performer and it's easy to forget that he is only just turned 22. He started a little nervously but grew as the night went on and sent his fans including me home happy despite the surprising lack of an encore. He was worth the wait.


The fifteen highest peaks in the Carpathian Mountains are all in which country?

The Carpathian Mountains Map and Details CARPATHIAN MOUNTAINS Carpathian Mountains – Map & Details The Carpathians are a mountain system located in eastern Europe, and the source of the Dniester, Tisza and Vistula Rivers. They form the natural border between Slovakia and southern Poland, and then extend southward through Ukraine and into Romania. Major subdivisions include the East and West Beskids and Tatra Mountains that run through Slovakia, and the Little Carpathians, White Carpathians and South Carpathians (often called the Transylvania Alps) that extend southward into Romania. The highest point is Mt. Gerlachovkain in northern Slovakia. It stands at 8,711 ft. (2,655m)


Who played the title role in the recent Biblical epic Noah'?

Noah trailer: epic new take on biblical tale starring Russell Crowe | Daily Mail Online Share this article Share It is the first time fans have seen what shape the ark will take in the upcoming Darren Aronofsky project, which must save every species of animal on earth. The epic movie, which is reported to have a budget of £78 million, boasts a star studded cast, which includes Ray Winstone, Emma Watson and Crowe's A Beautiful Mind co-star Jennifer Connelly. He's the man! Russell Crowe plays the title role in the movie alongside a star-studded cast Hard at work: Stills from the trailer reveal what the ark will look like for the first time The story has reportedly been given a new twist, and it will be set in modern times. It will be Aronofsky's first film after the Oscar winning ballet drama Black Swan - and is scheduled for release on March 28, 2014. Crowe tweeted on Thursday to say: 'Villagers, @DarrenAronofsky was wondering what you thought of the #Noah trailer?' Despite the recent sad news that he's split with his wife of nine years, Danielle Spencer, Crowe has retained his humour. 'Death by water': The actor can be seen submerged in water sporting long dark hair and full beard   Biblical tale: Noah can be seen discussing his plan to build an ark before the great flood arrives Referencing his grey beard, he joked on his Twitter page: 'The beard will be gone mid November so, no, I’m not booking Christmas shows #missedopportunity.' He has also been embarking on a gruelling fitness work out as he takes his mind off the break -up. It's not yet known what caused the break-up, but a friend of Spencer has pointed the finger at the Oscar winning star for the shock split. A  friend has been quoted as saying: 'Danielle is a very giving person and has been very supportive of Russell over the years. 'But a showbusiness marriage should still be a two-way street and he has been less behind her career than she has been behind his. She's had to struggle on with the children, keep up her songwriting and singing while he's been able to do his own thing in the US.'  Will they survive? Noah also stars Jennifer Connelly, Logan Lerman, Emma Watson and Ray Winstone Escape: The epic movie is reported to have a budget of £78 million


Which wheat is not suitable for bread making because of its low gluten content but is ideal for pasta?

Types of Wheat Flour - How To Cooking Tips - RecipeTips.com Types of Wheat Flour Print Types of Flour Ground from Wheat One of the primary reasons for the popularity of wheat flour is due to its gluten forming capacity when the flour is mixed with liquid. Gluten is the substance that provides dough with elasticity and the ability to stretch as the leavening agent produces carbon dioxide gas, which enables the dough to rise effectively. The more protein in the wheat flour (as is the case with flour milled from hard wheat), the more gluten is formed when the flour is mixed with liquid. Various types of wheat are milled into a wide range of flours that are used for specific purposes: Hard wheat varieties, including hard white, hard red winter, and hard red spring wheat have a high protein content (ranging from 10 to 14 percent), which means the gluten forming capacity is also higher. This characteristic makes hard wheat flour varieties, (which includes bread flour, gluten flour, and many of the whole-wheat varieties), especially suitable for baking yeast breads and similar products. Soft wheat varieties include soft white and soft red winter, which are both used for products, such as cakes, cookies, and pastries that do not require the same level of leavening capability as yeast breads. The protein content of soft wheat varieties, such as cake and pastry flour, usually ranges from 6 to 10 percent. Durum wheat is the hardest wheat grown. It is used almost exclusively for making pasta and is most often ground into a granular flour with a light yellow color known as semolina, which has the ideal properties for making the best pasta. (Italian pasta makers never refer to semolina as flour - they refer to it as grain.) Durum is high in protein and gluten, which are necessary for making good pasta. It is occasionally used for baked goods (especially risen breads), but it is not used for this purpose as often as other wheat varieties. All-Purpose Flour As the name suggests, all-purpose flour is suitable for most purposes and is perhaps the most commonly used wheat flour for general baking and cooking. It is produced from a combination of high protein bread flour and low protein cake flour. The bread flour is milled from a variety of hard wheat, which contains high levels of gluten. This is a necessary component for baked items to rise properly. The cake flour is milled from a variety of soft wheat, which is lighter, contains lower levels of gluten, and results in baked items that are tender and less dense. The combination of the flours gives the all-purpose flour just the right balance for most baked goods. Bleached All-Purpose Flour Unbleached All-Purpose Flour All-purpose wheat flour is available in bleached and unbleached varieties. Wheat flour becomes white (actually off-white) naturally through oxidation, which in earlier times was the method used by flour millers to create white flour. This eventually became impractical because of the time and space required for large quantities of flour to oxidize naturally so chemical bleaching was developed, which hastens the whitening process. The advantage of using bleached flour rather than unbleached is that the chemicals used for bleaching (usually chlorine, which evaporates after it is added to the flour) act as a preservative so that the flour will not develop an off flavor or spoil after a short period. The chemicals also prevent dough from becoming discolored and provide more consistent results when baking, however the chemicals affect the gluten strength of the flour, therefore bread makers often prefer unbleached flour. Unbleached all-purpose flour is often better for preparing several types of dough because the dough is easier to handle and the resulting baked goods are quite tender. All-purpose flour can be used for almost any recipe requiring flour such as breads, cakes, and pastries; as a coating for meat, vegetables, and other food items intended for frying or sautéing; and as a thickening agent for gravies, sauces, and stews. Bolted Flour Bolted flour is a type of whole-wh


Napoleon Bonaparte is associated with the 'Hand-in-waistcoat' pose as he was portrayed many times like that by which famous artist?

Napoleon | Military Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Imperial Standard of Napoleon I Napoleon Bonaparte (French: Napoléon Bonaparte [napoleɔ̃ bɔnɑpaʁt] , Italian: Napoleone Buonaparte 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the latter stages of the French Revolution and its associated wars in Europe. As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815, the first monarch of France bearing the title emperor since the reign of Charles the Fat (881–887). His legal reform, the Napoleonic Code , has been a major influence on many civil law jurisdictions worldwide, but he is best remembered for his role in the wars led against France by a series of coalitions, the so-called Napoleonic Wars . He established hegemony over most of continental Europe and sought to spread the ideals of the French Revolution, while consolidating an imperial monarchy which restored aspects of the deposed Ancien Régime. Due to his success in these wars, often against numerically superior enemies, he is generally regarded as one of the greatest military commanders of all time, and his campaigns are studied at military academies worldwide. [1] Napoleon was born at Ajaccio in Corsica in a family of noble Italian ancestry which had settled in Corsica in the 16th century. He trained as an artillery officer in mainland France. He rose to prominence under the French First Republic and led successful campaigns against the First and Second Coalitions arrayed against France. He led a successful invasion of the Italian peninsula. In 1799, he staged a coup d'état and installed himself as First Consul ; five years later the French Senate proclaimed him emperor, following a plebiscite in his favour. In the first decade of the 19th century, the French Empire under Napoleon engaged in a series of conflicts—the Napoleonic Wars —that involved every major European power. [1] After a streak of victories, France secured a dominant position in continental Europe, and Napoleon maintained the French sphere of influence through the formation of extensive alliances and the elevation of friends and family members to rule other European countries as French vassal states . The Peninsular War and the invasion of Russia in 1812 marked turning points in Napoleon's fortunes. His Grande Armée was badly damaged in the campaign and never fully recovered. In 1813, the Sixth Coalition defeated his forces at Leipzig ; the following year the Coalition invaded France, forced Napoleon to abdicate and exiled him to the island of Elba. Less than a year later, he escaped Elba and returned to power , but he was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815. Napoleon spent the last six years of his life in confinement by the British on the island of Saint Helena. An autopsy concluded he died of stomach cancer, but there has been some debate about the cause of his death, as some scholars have speculated that he was a victim of arsenic poisoning . Contents Napoleon's father, Carlo Buonaparte , was Corsica's representative to the court of Louis XVI of France . Napoleon was born on 15 August 1769 to Carlo Maria di Buonaparte and Maria Letizia Ramolino in his family's ancestral home, Casa Buonaparte , in the town of Ajaccio, Corsica. [2] He was their fourth child and third son. [2] This was a year after the island was transferred to France by the Republic of Genoa. [3] He was christened Napoleone di Buonaparte, probably named for an uncle (an older brother, who did not survive infancy , was the first of the sons to be called Napoleone). In his twenties, he adopted the more French-sounding Napoléon Bonaparte. [4] [note 1] The Corsican Buonapartes were descended from minor Italian nobility of Tuscan origin, [5] [6] [7] [8] who had come to Corsica from Liguria in the 16th century. [9] [10] His father, Nobile Carlo Buonaparte, an attorney, was named Corsica's representative to the court of Louis XVI in 1777. The dominant influence of Napoleon's childhood was his mother, Letizia Ramolino, whose firm discipline restrained a rambunctious c


F&F is the clothing brand of which supermarket chain?

Tesco's F&F flagship sticks to supermarket chic - Fashion - Fashion-news Tesco's F&F flagship sticks to supermarket chic Wednesday, 07 August 2013 OPINION_It has finally happened. Tesco is launching a flagship store for its F&F clothing brand in Central London. The flagship will be a 5,000 sq ft shop-in-shop housed within its Kensington superstore. This will be F&F's first foray into the capital  following similar stores in Woolwich and Essex. While seeking to make it in one of London's most upmarket boroughs seems like an impressive move at first glance, in actual fact the move falls short of what F&F has the potential to achieve. Grocery association constrains fashion-forward agenda Instead in its current state, the F&F flagship, as a shop-in-shop, gives the impression of being further addition to Tesco's new and improved shopping experience, joining culinary additions like the Euphorium bakery and the Harris + Hoole coffee shop. But, as competition continues to intensify at the economy end of the market, in-store environments are playing a vital role in attracting consumers and driving sales. While supermarket chains have managed to build strong positions in clothing in the UK thanks to their 'value-for- money' appeal, it is evident that selling clothes alongside grocery items makes it challenging to create a shopping environment which conveys a fashion-forward agenda. Apparel value sales through the grocery channel actually declined by 2 percent in 2012, while apparel specialists posted a gain of 5 percent, strengthening the case for F&F to launch a standalone store. Advertisement Fashion appeal built outside the UK While the brand already operates standalone stores, it has bucked the trend by building its fashion appeal outside its home market through locations in Eastern Europe and a franchise presence in the Middle East. Arguably, consumers in these markets are not as well acquainted with Tesco's supermarket image, hence providing a clean slate to build a name in apparel. However, it is evident that even within the UK the brand has been capable of creating standalone appeal. A case in point is its Central London pop-up, launched last summer, where vintage glamour met digital innovation to create a compelling brand identity and spoke so promisingly of things to come. Standalone store could reinforce style credentials In this sense, F&F's impending flagship launch underwhelms. On the one hand, F&F has been investing heavily in brand-building efforts in the UK by emulating strategies used by bona fide apparel retailers, from sponsoring London Fashion Week to hosting its own catwalk show. Significant brand segmentation also lends the label further credibility. But, on the other hand, the brand has no plans to launch standalone stores in the UK, and continues to latch onto its grocery heritage (it is telling that F&F's online shop bears the URL clothingattesco.com). With cheap chic showing no signs of disappearing, there has been no better time for Tesco to let F&F forge its own identity. If the company is serious about building F&F into a credible apparel brand, which it appears to be given its significant investment in brand-building activity, a standalone store could have been a more effective impactful move. Ashma Kunde, Apparel Analyst at Euromonitor International


Becoming an independent state in 1946, which country's flag features a seven-pointed star representing the first seven verses of the Koran?

Jordan-Facts and Figures related to Jordan-The World Factbook Jordan | Dr N Layyous Jordan Facts & Figures History Jordan, a kingdom in the northwestern corner of the Arabian Peninsula, is bounded by Syria in the north, Saudi Arabia on the south, Iraq and Saudi Arabia on the east, and the Occupied West Bank and Israel in the west. The Nabateans, An arab people, were among the first to settle in Jordan, with their base in Petra. The southern city was situated on one of the main trade routes between eastern and western Asia. Caravans carrying gums, spices, and silks brought by sea to the Gulf of Aqaba went through Petra on their way to the lands of the eastern mediterranean. The Nabatean Kingdom lasted until 106 A.D., when it was conquered by the Romans. After the division of the Roman Empire in the late 4th century A.D., all of what is now Jordan came under the rule of the Byzantine, or eastern Roman, empire. In the 7th century A.D., the Byzantines were expelled by invading Muslim armies. In later centuries, the region was overran by tribes from central Asia, including Seljuk Turks, Mongols, and Tatars. In 1516, it was made part of the Ottoman Empire and incorporated into the Turkish province of Syria.  During the Ottoman rule, Jordan was the subject of discrimination. An inevitable uprising took place as the consequence of Turkification, oppression, economic malaise, administrative corruption and the inability of the Ottoman Empire to provide a modicum of security or stability for the Arab countries as a whole. The late King Hussein's great-grandfather, Al-Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca and King of the Arabs (later he also became known as King of the Hijaz), led the liberation of Arab lands from their domination by the Ottoman Turks in the Great Arab Revolt of 1916.  Countries of the Arab East were united into one Arab state embracing Iraq, the Hijaz, Greater Syria, Jordan and Palestine. On this basis, Prince Faisal,I announced the establishment of the first government in Damascus on October 5, 1918. But on October 22, Britain issued a statement dividing Greater Syria into three regions. This was not only pursuant to the 1916 Sykes-Picot agreement, but also to enable Britain to fulfill its promise to the Zionist Movement to establish a national homeland for the Jews in Palestine. The November 2, 1917 Balfour Declaration called for the establishment of a national homeland for the Jews in Palestine. In march 1920, the division of the Arab territory was rejected and the Arab's people's representatives meeting in Damascus declared the unity and independence of Syria proclaiming Sharif Hussein's son Faisal,I as King. King Faisal I later also assumed the throne in Iraq.  But Britain and France agreed at the San Remo conference on April 25, 1920 to impose a French mandate on Syria and Lebanon, and a British mandate on Iraq, Palestine and Jordan. Several battles took place following the mandates' imposition, the last of which was at Maysalun on July 27, 1920. After freeing the lands of Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Iraq, Syria and the Hijaz, Sharif Hussein's son Abdullah assumed the throne of Transjordan. The Emirate of Transjordan was founded on April 11, 1921, and became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan upon formal independence from Britain on May 25, 1946. The name Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is derived from Hashem, which was the name of the great- grandfather of the Prophet Mohammad. The Royal Family of Jordan is called Hashemite, which means descended from Hashem.  King Abdullah successfully defended Arab East Jerusalem and the "West Bank" during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War when the Israeli state was created on three quarters of Palestine. The Jordanian Arab Legion, fighting alongside other Arab armies succeeded in holding on to those Palestinian territories, which later became known as the West Bank of the Kingdom. On July 20, 1951, King Abdullah, I was assassinated by a lone gunman while attending Friday prayers at al-Aqsa mosque in Jerusalem with his grandson Hussein, who was saved from a bullet by a medal his grandfather h


The mountains formerly known as Mt Communism and Lenin Peak are in which mountain range?

Imeni Ismail Samani Peak | mountain, Tajikistan | Britannica.com Imeni Ismail Samani Peak Alternative Titles: Communism Peak, Pik Kommunizma, Stalin Peak Similar Topics Nanga Parbat Imeni Ismail Samani Peak, formerly Communism Peak or Stalin Peak, peak, western Pamirs , northeastern Tajikistan . Located in the Akademii Nauk Range , it rises to 24,590 feet (7,495 metres) and is the highest point in Tajikistan and in the range. It was first climbed by a Russian team in 1933. Learn More in these related articles: Pamirs highland region of Central Asia. The Pamir mountain area centres on the nodal orogenic uplift known as the Pamir Knot, from which several south-central Asian mountain ranges radiate, including the Hindu Kush, the Karakoram Range, the Kunlun Mountains, and the Tien Shan. Most of the Pamirs lie... Tajikistan country lying in the heart of Central Asia. It is bordered by Kyrgyzstan on the north, China on the east, Afghanistan on the south, and Uzbekistan on the west and northwest. Tajikistan includes the Gorno-Badakhshan (“Mountain Badakhshan”) autonomous region, with its capital at Khorugh... Relief ...of the country. The ice-clad peaks of the Pamir mountain system occupy the southeast. Some of Central Asia’s highest mountains, notably the Soviet-named Lenin (23,405 feet [7,134 metres]) and Communism (24,590 feet [7,495 metres]) peaks, are found in the northern portion of the Pamirs. The valleys, though important for Tajikistan’s human geography, make up less than one-tenth of the... More about Imeni Ismail Samani Peak 5 References found in Britannica Articles Assorted References Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. MEDIA FOR: You have successfully emailed this. Error when sending the email. Try again later. Edit Mode Submit Tips For Editing We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered. Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. Submit Thank You for Your Contribution! Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. Uh Oh There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later. Close Article Title: Imeni Ismail Samani Peak Website Name: Encyclopædia Britannica Date Published: April 13, 2009 URL: https://www.britannica.com/place/Imeni-Ismail-Samani-Peak Access Date: January 19, 2017 Share


In English law, what name is given to a written statement of fact voluntarily made by a person under oath or affirmation?

The Affiant legal definition of The Affiant The Affiant legal definition of The Affiant http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/The+Affiant Related to The Affiant: Counter affidavit Affidavit A written statement of facts voluntarily made by an affiant under an oath or affirmation administered by a person authorized to do so by law. Distinctions An affidavit is voluntarily made without any cross-examination of the affiant and, therefore, is not the same as a deposition, a record of an examination of a witness or a party made either voluntarily or pursuant to a subpoena, as if the party were testifying in court under cross-examination. A pleading—a request to a court to exercise its judicial power in favor of a party that contains allegations or conclusions of facts that are not necessarily verified—differs from an affidavit, which states facts under oath. Basis An affidavit is based upon either the personal knowledge of the affiant or his or her information and belief. Personal knowledge is the recognition of particular facts by either direct observation or experience. Information and belief is what the affiant feels he or she can state as true, although not based on firsthand knowledge. The Affiant Any person having the intellectual capacity to take an oath or make an affirmation and who has knowledge of the facts that are in dispute may make an affidavit. There is no age requirement for an affiant. As long as a person is old enough to understand the facts and the significance of the oath or affirmation he or she makes, the affidavit is valid. A criminal conviction does not make a person incapable of making an affidavit, but an adjudication of Incompetency does. Someone familiar with the matters in question may make an affidavit on behalf of another, but that person's authority to do so must be clear. A guardian may make an affidavit for a minor or insane person incapable of doing so. An attorney may make an affidavit for a client if it is impossible for the client to do so. When necessary to the performance of duties, a Personal Representative , agent, or corporate officer or partner may execute an affidavit that indicates the capacity in which the affiant acts. A court cannot force a person to make an affidavit, since, by definition, an affidavit is a voluntary statement. The Taker of the Affidavit Any public officer authorized by law to administer oaths and affirmations—such as city recorders, court clerks, notaries, county clerks, commissioners of deeds, and court commissioners—may take affidavits. Justices of the peace and magistrates are sometimes authorized to take affidavits. Unless restricted by state law, judges may take affidavits involving controversies before them. An officer cannot take affidavits outside of the particular jurisdiction in which he or she exercises authority. The source of this authority must appear at the bottom of the affidavit. A notary, for example, would indicate the county in which he or she is commissioned and the expiration date of the commission. An official seal is not essential to the validity of the affidavit but may be placed on it by the proper official. The Oath or Affirmation Unless otherwise provided by statute, an oath is essential to an affidavit. The statement of the affiant does not become an affidavit unless the proper official administers the oath. When religious convictions prevent the affiant from taking an oath, he or she may affirm that the statements in the affidavit are true. Contents There is no standard form or language to be used in an affidavit as long as the facts contained within it are stated clearly and definitely. Unnecessary language or legal arguments should not appear. Clerical and grammatical errors, while to be avoided, are inconsequential. The affidavit usually must contain the address of the affiant and the date that the statement was made, in addition to the affiant's signature or mark. Where the affidavit has been made is also noted. When an affidavit is based on the affiant's information and belief, it must state the source of the affiant


His works including 'L'Orfeo' and 'The Coronation of Poppea', who is considered to be the Father of the Opera?

Claudio Monteverdi Biography - Profile, Childhood, Life, Timeline Musicians Claudio Monteverdi Biography Claudio Monteverdi was an Italian Renaissance composer and a significant developer of new genre â âoperasâ. Browse through his biography to learn about his profile, childhood, life and timeline. Quick Facts University of Cremona Image Credit http://www.taccuinistorici.it/ita/news/moderna/personaggi/Claudio-Monteverdi-e-i-madrigali-gastronomici.html Claudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi was an awe-inspiring Italian composer, singer and gambist. He was a revolutionary composer who pioneered the transition from Renaissance mode of music to Baroque era. He invented two distinct styles of composition â the heritage of Renaissance polyphony and the new âbasso continuoâ technique of the Baroque. Monteverdi initiated writing one of the earliest operas, âL'Orfeoâ, an imaginative work that is performed frequently even today. He became extremely popular as an ingenious composer and enjoyed considerable fame during his lifetime. He was an Italian priest as well as a musician and was engaged as a violist to the Duke of Mantua at an early age and also studied composition under âIngegneriâ, the duke's maestro di capella. He experimented with new techniques and created some incredible, breakthrough musical works in the midst of prevailing music of Renaissance period. He was the earliest composers to intentionally apply unprepared dissonances or fundamental discords. His harmonic innovations replaced the school of Palestrina and created new pathways for modern music. Childhood And Early Life Claudio Monteverdi was born on 1567 in Cremona, a town in Northern Italy. His father, Baldassare Monteverdi was a doctor, surgeon and apothecary. Monteverdi was the eldest of the five children. Marc'Antonio Ingegneri, the maestro di cappella at the Cathedral of Cremona was his teacher during his childhood. While participating in the Cathedral choir, Monteverdi learned about music. He further studied at the University of Cremona. He authored his maiden music for publication in 1582 and 1583, which comprised of some motets and sacred madrigals. His first five publications were: Sacrae cantiunculae (a compilation of miniature motets) in 1582; Madrigali Spirituali (a volume of which only the bass part book is existing) in 1583; Canzonette a tre voci (an assortment of three-voice canzonettes) in 1584 and the five-part madrigals Book I in 1587, and Book II in 1590. Initially, Monteverdi worked for the court of Mantua as a singer and violist and then he became the music director. At the Court of Vincenzo I of Gonzaga in Mantua, he worked as a viol player and a vocalist. He also got the position of a Court conductor in 1602.   Personal Life Monteverdi married the court singer Claudia Cattaneo in 1599. Unfortunately, she expired in September 1607. He and his wife were gifted with two boys (Francesco and Massimilino) and one girl (Leonora) – another daughter expired soon after her birth.   Career Monteverdi relocated to San Marco in Venice in 1613 and worked as a conductor. Soon, he reinstated the musical standard of the instrumentalists and the choir. The need to re-establish the musical standards arose because the musical standard had deteriorated due to the financial negligence of his predecessor, Giulio Cesare Martinengo. As music had been waning since Giovanni Croce died in 1609, after Monteverdi joined, the managers of the basilica were reassured to have an eminent musician in charge.   Monteverdi became a priest in 1632. He composed two of his masterpieces during the later years of his life. These works of genius were ‘Il ritorno d'Ulisse’ in patria (The Return of Ulysses, 1641), and the historic opera ‘L'incoronazione di Poppea’ (The Coronation of Poppea, 1642) which were based on the life of the Roman emperor Nero. ‘L'incoronazione’ is believed as the apex of Monteverdi's works as it comprises of romantic, tragic and comic scenes, considered as an innovative development in opera. He showcased a more practical depiction of the char


The first album to be at No 1 in the UK chart (in 1956) was `Songs For Swingin' Lovers', who recorded it?

What a record! The UK album chart reaches its 1,000th No1... and counting | Music | Entertainment | Daily Express MUSIC What a record! The UK album chart reaches its 1,000th No1... and counting Eight billion albums have sold since they started in 1956 and as Robbie Williams passes a remarkable milestone we reveal the stories behind, what used to be known as, the LP 04:18, Tue, Nov 26, 2013 Robbie Williams’ latest album has gone down in music history [GETTY] FRANK Sinatra's Songs For Swingin' Lovers was the first album to top the charts in 1956. Back then there was no official list but the music paper Record Mirror was the first to publish a Top Five based on sales. The singles chart had first appeared four years earlier. Most historians recognise Ol' Blue Eyes as holding the distinction of having the UK's first ever No1 album. Since then there have been almost 3,000 album charts. Read on for the 23 facts you never knew about the UK charts... 1. The first vinyl albums were 12 inches in diameter and known as long players - LPs. Initially designed for classical music and Broadway shows these records were also ideal for a collection of 10 or more pop songs. Typically they played for 26 minutes each side. 2. The best-selling UK album of all time is Queen's Greatest Hits which was released in 1981. It's one of just three albums also including Abba's collection of hits, Gold, and Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band by The Beatles to have amassed more than five million sales so far. The bestselling album in the 21st century is Adele's 21 which has sold more than 2.5 million copies. It spent 23 weeks at No1, which is also a record for a female solo artist. Frank Sinatra was the first Album chart topper with Songs For Swingin' Lovers [GETTY] Eight billion albums have sold since they started in 1956 3. The Beatles have had the most No1 albums with 15. Next on the all-time list is Madonna with 12, followed by Elvis Presley and now Robbie Williams, with 11 each. 4. The Beatles have spent the most weeks at No1, spending a total of 174 at the top. No one else runs close, with Elvis in second place at 63 weeks and Abba with 57 weeks. 5. One in every 20 chart-toppers is a "best of" album. The first was The Best Of Ball, Barber & Bilk, a 1962 collection of jazz songs by trumpeter Kenny Ball, trombone player Chris Barber and bandleader Acker Bilk. The first Now! That's What I Call Music album was released in 1988 and there have been 85 more since. 6. John Lennon's Imagine was the 100th No1 album in the UK in 1971. It took 15 years for that landmark to arrive largely because The Beatles spent a combined three years at the top with different albums in the Sixties. The 200th No1 was Nightflight To Venus by Boney M. 7. Oasis set a chart record in 1997 that still stands when their third album Be Here Now sold 660,000 copies in seven days. That's the highest-first week sales in history. The fastest selling debut album was I Dreamed A Dream by Susan Boyle in 2009. 8. In the Fifties, musicals accounted for eight of the 17 No 1 albums. The original soundtrack of the musical South Pacific holds the record for the most weeks at the top of the UK album charts. It spent 115 weeks at the top including the whole of 1959 and one stretch of 70 consecutive weeks. The Sound Of Music is in second place with a total of 70 weeks at the top and it's also the album that's returned to the top spot most often (12 times). Christina Aguilera had the biggest drop from No1 album spot with Bionic [GETTY] 9. The biggest selling album of the Eighties, Brothers In Arms by Dire Straits, was one of the first popular albums available on CD. The biggest selling album in the Nineties was Stars by Simply Red. The biggest selling album of the following decade was Back To Bedlam by James Blunt. 10. The Dark Side Of The Moon by Pink Floyd is the eighth bestselling UK album of all time but it never reached No1. It also enjoyed phenomenal success in the US where it was in the album chart for 15 years but only spent a single week at the top. Worldwide sales for the record released


The 1000th album to be at No 1 in the UK chart was 'Swing Both Ways' in 2013, who recorded it?

The UK’s first 1000 Number 1 albums revealed! 24 November 2013 The UK’s first 1000 Number 1 albums revealed! Robbie Williams Swings Both Ways has been crowned the UK’s 1000th Number 1 album! To celebrate, we look back at all of the Official Albums Chart Number 1 thus far... 3367 By Dan Lane Robbie Williams Swings Both Ways has been crowned the UK’s 1000th Number 1 album! To celebrate, we look back at all of the Official Albums Chart Number 1 thus far... The very first Number 1 album back in July 1956 was Frank Sinatra’s classic Songs For Swingin’ Lovers – in the chart compiled and published in Record Mirror magazine. Since then, there have almost 3,000 different album charts published – with a colourful history, including a 1971 postal strike which prevented a rundown being published for several weeks (with George Harrison’s All Things Must Pass retrospectively crowned as the ex-Beatle’s only Number 1 with a solo studio album). Over the six decades, The Beatles have become the undefeated kings of the Official Albums Chart, with 15 Number 1s and 174 weeks at the summit – with Elvis Presley totting up the second biggest total of weeks (63 weeks, across 11 chart toppers), and Madonna the second biggest albums tally (12 Number 1s in total, spanning 30 weeks). In the three and half years after the chart was launched in July 1956, 17 albums hit Number 1 during the 1950s. In turn, 56 albums topped the album chart in the 1960s, 147 did so in the 1970s, 182 in the 1980s, 215 in the 1990s and 269 in the 2000s. The 1000th Number 1 of all time is the 114th of this decade. The UK's first 1000 Official Number 1 Albums are as follows: The UK's First 1000 Official Number 1 Albums NO.


Which Greek letter is used in maths or physics to represent a change or difference in a quantity?

Math Definition of Delta | eHow Math Definition of Delta agsandrew/iStock/Getty Images Delta is the Greek letter "d" that is used in mathematics and physics to represent a change in quantity or rate. The type of change can be either an increase or a decrease. Delta is symbolized as a small triangle or by the Greek letter, which looks like a stylized "d." In calculus, complex functions, such as delta epsilon and the delta function are used to define limits of sequences. Delta is an important notation because it helps you know what you're computing for, which can include a change in position, velocity, time, quantity or value. Delta Represents Change To solve a formula for delta or perform a calculation with a delta symbol, you must usually subtract the initial value from the final value. For example, if an airplane's speed increases from 200 to 240 miles per hour in one second, then the delta, or change in speed, is 40 miles per second. In this case, you refer to the change as delta-v or delta velocity.


Which philosopher founded the 'Academy' in Athens around 355 BC?

The Glory that was Greece Note: For English Translations of the Greek philosophical works mentioned in this page, see the Online Books site for Classical Languages and Literature. Socrates (c. 469-399 BCE) Born  in Athens around 469 BCE, Socrates lived during the period of the city's greatest cultural expansion. Son of a midwife and sculptor,  he was acquainted with the intellectual elite at the court of Pericles,  ruler of Athens, despite his plebian origins. As a young man, Socrates  studied philosophy,  establishing a familiarity with the work of earlier Greek philosophers. Heraclitus and Parmenides are thought to have been particularly  influential in his education. During the Peloponnesian War, he fought in  several battles and received commendation for his actions. By 423 BCE, Socrates was well-known in Athens, not so much for  military distinction as for his non-traditional teaching methods. He  did not keep a formal school, nor did he charge for his services. He was  a popular guest at social gatherings, and could often be seen arguing against illogical reasoning and prejudice wherever  people congregated.  Socrates did  not sympathize with the ascetics -- he believed in enjoying life. He found fault with the Sophists, contemporary teachers who were willing  to argue either side of any controversy and with whom he was often wrongly  associated. Socrates believed that truth, beauty,  and justice have objective content, and that we are born with an innate understanding  of their existence. He taught his students to use their rational understanding  to rediscover knowledge they already had. He also believed that a moral life brought men happiness, and that this morality was something that could be transmitted through education. He himself was fond of claiming that he knew nothing, which was his way of stating that he had no fixed doctrine. Socrates alleged ignorance was called by the Greeks eironeia, Socratic irony. His willingness to criticize arguments that he found unsound, regardless     of subject, challenged and threatened some prominent Athenians. Socrates made powerful  political   enemies when he spoke against Athens' new democratic governmental  system, which he considered ineffectual and corrupt. During this time, the Peloponnesian War dragged on, and the city of Athens suffered plague, treason, and finally total defeat. Socrates and his outspoken   opinions became increasingly aggravating to the ruling elite. It was thought that his influence  over the youth of Athens was dangerous, particularly  his association with Critias, a former student and a powerful figure in the Rule of Thirty, a tyrannic government that came to power in Athens after the period of political flux in the aftermath of the Peloponnesian War. While some of the members of this oligarchy had indeed been followers  of Socrates,  Socrates remained an outspoken critic of the  new government.  When the Democrats regained power, however, Socrates'  association with  the oligarchy, particularly with Critias and Alcibiades, gave  his enemies  reason to bring him to trial. He was charged with corrupting  the youth  of Athens and with impiety. Despite his eloquent defense, Socrates was found guilty and sentenced to death. Plato records Socrates's last month of life in jail in the Apology, the Phaedo, and the Crito. Socrates remained staunchly true to his beliefs, refused  to recant any of his statements, and also refused to accept exile over death.  He took a cup of hemlock surrounded by his friends, and, comforting  them, drank the poison that would end his life. Socrates is considered to be among the most influential Western    philosophers.  Although he never wrote a word himself, the many works of his student, Plato, provides a window into Socratic philosophy. His major contribution to the study of philosophy was to redirect inquiries away from the natural sciences and toward the contemplation of systems of ethics and questions of ethical con