Where is the classic English horse race, the One Thousand Guineas for 3 year old fillies, run?

One Thousand Guineas | horse race | Britannica.com One Thousand Guineas Saint Leger One Thousand Guineas, also spelled 1,000 Guineas, one of the five English Classic horse races, run over a straight mile (1.6 km) on the Rowley Mile course at the Newmarket (Suffolk) spring meeting. The race was first run in 1814. It is for three-year-old fillies and is run on the Friday following the Wednesday running of the Two Thousand Guineas , which is open to three-year-old colts and fillies. The most remarkable One Thousand Guineas winner was Scepter in 1902, the winner also of the Two Thousand Guineas, the Oaks , and the Saint Leger , running fourth in the Derby . Learn More in these related articles: Two Thousand Guineas one of the English Classic horse races (with the Derby, the Saint Leger, the One Thousand Guineas, and the Oaks), first run in 1809. Run at Newmarket, Suffolk, the 1-mile event is open to three-year-old colts (carrying 126 pounds) and fillies (121 pounds). Oaks one of the English Classic horse races (along with the Derby, Saint Leger, Two Thousand Guineas, and One Thousand Guineas), an event for three-year-old fillies, established in 1779, and run over a 1.5-mile (about 2,400-metre) course at Epsom Downs, Surrey, also the site of the Derby. The Oaks was... Saint Leger one of the English Triple Crown races and, with the Derby, the Two Thousand Guineas, the One Thousand Guineas, and the Oaks, one of the Classic horse races. The race was established by Colonel Barry Saint Leger in 1776 and was named for him in 1778. An event for three-year-old colts and fillies, it... More about One Thousand Guineas 1 Reference found in Britannica Articles Assorted Reference Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. MEDIA FOR: You have successfully emailed this. Error when sending the email. Try again later. Edit Mode Submit Tips For Editing We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered. Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. Submit Thank You for Your Contribution! Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. Uh Oh There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later. Close Article Title: One Thousand Guineas Website Name: Encyclopædia Britannica Date Published: July 30, 2008 URL: https://www.britannica.com/sports/One-Thousand-Guineas Access Date: January 19, 2017 Share


How many players from each team usually make up a rugby union scrum?

BBC SPORT | Rugby Union | Laws & Equipment | What is a line-out? What is a line-out? The line-out is another awesome sight in rugby union. It is a way of restarting play after the ball has been knocked or kicked out of play past the touch line. The line-out consists of three to eight players from each side, up to 16 in total, and is taken where the ball went out of play. The aim of each player is simply to get their hands on the ball for their team. So how does it work? The advantage is with the team throwing in. They get the ball because they were not the team who last touched the ball before it went out. They also get to decide how many players will make up the line-out. FORMING A LINE-OUT The eight forwards and the scrum-half are the players who make up the line-out. The most important players are the hooker, the two second rows and scrum-half. They are responsible for getting the ball out to the backs or for the rest of the forwards. That does not mean the other players have nothing to do. Far from it. The line-out must be formed past the five-metre line and no more than 15m in from the touchline, and both teams must have a one metre gap between them. If the referee decides one team has purposely closed the gap, a penalty will be awarded to the other team. LINE-OUT THROWS The hooker is usually the player with the job throwing the ball into a line-out. Their aim is to find the "jumpers", usually the two second rowers. But this is not easy. The other team also want the ball, so they'll be doing all they can to upset the hooker's throw. The hooker gets a call from one of the jumpers or the scrum half, usually in a code no-one except your team understands, on who to aim the throw at. They must stand behind the touch line when they make their throw. And the throw must be deadly straight, otherwise the referee will have the line-out taken again, but this time the opposition get the throw in. RETAKEN THROWS The line-out may look very simple, but it has plenty of laws every player must follow: The ball must be thrown straight All players not in the line-out must be 10m behind the last man in the line No player can use a one of the opposition to use as support when they are jumping No player is allowed to push, charge or hold another player in the line-out No player can be lifted before the ball is thrown No jumper can use the outside of their arm to catch or deflect the ball Depending on how serious the offence is, the referee will either award a penalty or free-kick to the team who did not make the offence.


What architectural term was applied by the Romans to any public building built in a rectangle twice as long as it was broad with an internal 2 storied colonnade?

Greek Architecture: History, Characteristics Greek Architecture Athens. A masterpiece of ancient art and one of the best-preserved For the chronology and key dates of architectural developments,   Introduction The architecture of Ancient Greece concerns the buildings erected on the Greek mainland,     the Aegean Islands, and throughout the Greek colonies in Asia Minor (Turkey),     Sicily and Italy, during the approximate period 900-27 BCE. Arguably the     greatest form of Greek art , it is most     famous for its stone temples (c.600 onwards), exemplified by the Temple     of Hera I at Paestum, Italy; the Parthenon , Erechtheum, and Temple of Athena Nike, all on the Acropolis at Athens; and the Temple of the Olympian Zeus at the foot of the Acropolis. As well     as temples and altars, Greek designers - who included some of the greatest     architects of classical antiquity - are also famous for the design     of their theatres (c.350 onwards), public squares, stadiums, and monumental     tombs - exemplified by the Mausoleum of Halikarnassos (c.353 BCE), Turkey.     Like Greek sculpture , Greece's     architecture is traditionally divided into three periods: Archaic (c.650-480     BCE); Classical (c.480-323 BCE) and Hellenistic (c.323-27 BCE). Greek Architecture:     Why is it Important? Greek architecture is important for several     reasons: (1) Because of its logic and order. Logic and order are     at the heart of Greek architecture. The Hellenes planned their temples     according to a coded scheme of parts, based first on function, then on     a reasoned system of sculptural decoration. Mathematics determined the     symmetry, the harmony, the eye's pleasure. There had never been an architecture in just this sense. Egyptian     pyramid architecture had been an early, attempt, but Greek building     art offered the first clear, strong expression of a rational, national     architectural creed. It is the supreme example of the intellect working     logically to create a unified aesthetic effect. Greek designers used precise     mathematical calculations to determine the height, width and other characteristics     of architectural elements. These proportions might be changed slightly,     and certain individual elements (columns, capitals, base platform), might     be tapered or curved, in order to create the optimum visual effect, as     if the building was a piece of sculpture. (2) Because of its invention     of the classical "orders": namely, namely, the Doric Order,     the Ionic Order and the Corinthian Order - according to the type of column,     capital and entablature used. (3) Because of its exquisite architectural     sculpture. Architects commissioned sculptors to carve friezes, statues     and other architectural sculptures, whose beauty has rarely, if ever,     been equalled in the history of art .     (4) Because of its influence on other schools. Although Greek architects     rarely progressed further than simple post-and-lintel building techniques,     and failed to match the engineering techniques (arch, vault) developed     in Roman architecture , they succeeded in creating     the most beautiful, monumental structures of the Ancient World. Their     formulas - devised as far back as 550 BCE - paved the way for Renaissance     and Neoclassical architecture, and had the greatest possible influence     on the proportions, style and aesthetics of the 18th and 19th centuries. Modern architects, too, have been influenced     by Greek architectural forms. Louis Sullivan (1856-1924), for instance,     a leading figure in the First Chicago School, based a number of his skyscraper     designs on the Greek template of base, shaft, and capital, while using     vertical bands (reminiscent of the fluting on Greek columns) to draw the     eye upwards.     Origins The origins of Greek a


What is the name for the use of X Rays in medicine?

X-ray: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia URL of this page: //medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003337.htm X-ray X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation, just like visible light. An x-ray machine sends individual x-ray particles through the body. The images are recorded on a computer or film. Structures that are dense (such as bone) will block most of the x-ray particles, and will appear white. Metal and contrast media (special dye used to highlight areas of the body) will also appear white. Structures containing air will be black, and muscle, fat, and fluid will appear as shades of gray. How the Test is Performed The test is done in a hospital radiology department or in the health care provider's office. How you are positioned depends on the type of x-ray being done. Several different x-ray views may be needed. You need to stay still when you are having an x-ray. Motion can cause blurry images. You may be asked to hold your breath or not move for a second or two when the image is being taken. The following are common types of x-rays:


"Which English duo had hits between 1984 and 1987 that included West End Girls"", ""Opportunities (Let's Make Lots of Money)"", ""Love Comes Quickly"", ""Suburbia"", ""It's a Sin"", ""What Have I Done to Deserve This?"", ""Rent"" and ""Always on My Mind""?"

Pet Shop Boys | New Music And Songs | Pet Shop Boys About Pet Shop Boys Post-modern ironists cloaked behind a veil of buoyantly melodic and lushly romantic synth pop confections, Pet Shop Boys established themselves among the most commercially and critically successful groups of their era with cheeky, smart, and utterly danceable music. Always remaining one step ahead of their contemporaries, the British duo navigated the constantly shifting landscape of modern dance-pop with rare grace and intelligence, moving easily from disco to house to techno with their own distinctive image remaining completely intact. Satiric and irreverent -- yet somehow strangely affecting -- they also transcended the seeming disposability of their craft, offering wry and thoughtful cultural commentary communicated by the Morse code of au courant synth washes and drum-machine rhythms. Pet Shop Boys formed in London in August 1981, when vocalist Neil Tennant (a former editor at Marvel Comics who later gained some recognition as a journalist for Smash Hits magazine) first met keyboardist Chris Lowe (a onetime architecture student) at an electronics shop. Discovering a shared passion for dance music and synthesizers, they immediately decided to start a band. After dubbing themselves Pet Shop Boys in honor of friends who worked in such an establishment -- while also obliquely nodding to the sort of names prevalent among the New York City hip-hop culture of the early '80s -- the duo's career first took flight in 1983, when Tennant met producer Bobby "O" Orlando while on a writing assignment. Orlando produced their first single, 1984's "West End Girls." The song was a minor hit in the U.S. but went nowhere in Britain, and its follow-up, "One More Chance," was also unsuccessful. Upon signing to EMI, Pet Shop Boys issued 1985's biting "Opportunities (Let's Make Lots of Money)." When it too failed to attract attention, the duo's future appeared grim, but Tennant and Lowe then released an evocative new Stephen Hague production of "West End Girls," which became an international chart-topper. Its massive success propelled Pet Shop Boys' 1986 debut LP, Please, into the Top Ten, and when "Opportunities" was subsequently reissued, it too became a hit. Disco, a collection of dance remixes, was quickly rushed into stores, and in 1987 the duo resurfaced with the superb Actually, which launched two more Top Ten smashes -- "It's a Sin" and "What Have I Done to Deserve This?," a duet between Tennant and the great Dusty Springfield. Later that year, "Always on My Mind," a lovely cover of the perennial Elvis Presley standard, reached number one in several countries and the Top Ten in the U.S. A documentary film titled It Couldn't Happen Here was released one year later. In October 1988, Pet Shop Boys issued their third studio LP, the eclectic Introspective. "Domino Dancing" and "Left to My Own Devices" both reached the Top Ten in Great Britain. The following year, Pet Shop Boys collaborated with a variety of performers, most notably Liza Minnelli, for whom they produced the 1989 LP Results. They also produced material for Springfield, and Tennant joined New Order frontman Bernard Sumner and ex-Smiths guitarist Johnny Marr in the group Electronic, scoring a hit with the single "Getting Away with It." Tennant and Lowe reconvened in 1990 for the muted, downcast Behavior, produced by Harold Faltermeyer. Their hit medley of U2's "Where the Streets Have No Name" and Frankie Valli's "Can't Take My Eyes Off You" was released in 1991, and was followed in 1993 by Very, lauded as among the duo's finest efforts. After a three-year absence, Pet Shop Boys resurfaced with Bilingual, a fluid expansion into Latin rhythms. Nightlife followed in 1999 and sparked the dance club hit "New York City Boy," whose success allowed the group to tour the U.S. for the first time in eight years. While on tour, the duo also collaborated with playwright Jonathan Harvey on a musical surrounding gay life and societal criticisms, which the three had been planning since 1997. Closer to Heaven made its We


Lake Winnipeg is in which Canadian province?

Manitoba | history - geography - province, Canada | Britannica.com province, Canada Gregory Selinger (New Democratic Party) Date of admission Time zone Central (GMT − 6 hours) Manitoba, province of Canada , one of the Prairie Provinces , lying midway between the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans. The province is bounded to the north by Nunavut territory, to the northeast by Hudson Bay , to the east by Ontario , to the south by the U.S. states of Minnesota and North Dakota , and to the west by Saskatchewan . Manitoba contains more than 100,000 lakes, including Lake Winnipeg , one of the world’s largest inland bodies of fresh water. More than two-fifths of the province’s land area is forested. Winnipeg , Manitoba’s largest city, is the capital. The province’s name comes from an Indian word meaning “the god who speaks.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. The Northern lights, Churchill, Man., Can. © Altrendo Nature/Getty Images Manitoba became Canada’s fifth province when the area that had been the Red River Settlement was admitted to the confederation in 1870. The present-day province straddles the boundary between the Prairie and Central Canada, and it has both a large agricultural sector and a topography similar to those of the provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta . It also has a mixed economy, an urban orientation, and a multiethnic character, all of which are more like Ontario than the Prairie West. While other areas of the Canadian West have experienced economic cycles of boom and bust, Manitoba has maintained a steadier pace. Similarly, the province’s political and cultural life has largely avoided the extremes that tend to characterize western Canadian society. Area 250,116 square miles (647,797 square km), of which about one-sixth is inland water. Pop. (2011) 1,208,268. Land Relief, drainage, and soils Extreme southern Manitoba is part of the Saskatchewan plain, a land of rich, level prairies and rolling pastures. The Manitoba Lowland to the north is the basin that once held glacial Lake Agassiz , remnants of which include Lake Winnipeg (9,416 square miles [24,387 square km]), Lake Winnipegosis (2,075 square miles [5,374 square km]), and Lake Manitoba (1,785 square miles [4,623 square km]). Upland plateaus, wooded river valleys, limestone outcrops, forests, and swamps mark the area that is drained by the Red River of the North and the Assiniboine River into Lake Winnipeg. Much of this river region is a natural floodplain, which has often been inundated. Modern flood-control measures (particularly the Red River Floodway and the Portage Diversion) have mitigated the problem. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Seven Oaks Massacre Caribou, Arctic foxes, martens, wolves, otters, lynx , red squirrels, and mink live in the northern forests; deer, moose , cougars, elk, black bears, beavers, weasels, raccoons, red foxes, coyotes, and muskrats inhabit the more southerly areas. Polar bears roam along Hudson Bay. Grouse, prairie chickens, and other game birds live in the uplands, and millions of geese and ducks breed in Manitoba’s sloughs and ponds. Fish include bass, pickerel, sauger, pike, trout , and whitefish. Beluga whales inhabit Hudson Bay. People Population composition Manitoba is home to a number of North American aboriginal groups, including the Assiniboin and Ojibwa Indians (First Nations) in the south, the Cree and Chipewyan Indians in the north, and the Inuit (aboriginal Arctic people of Canada, called Eskimo in the United States) on the Hudson Bay coast. The aboriginal peoples have occupied the region for thousands of years, although historically there has been considerable population movement. In addition, their numbers were greatly reduced as a result of exposure to European diseases, particularly smallpox. In the early 19th century the Métis (people of mixed Indian and European ancestry, whom the Canadian government granted legal recognition as a native group at the beginning of the 21st century) developed a unique plains culture . The early agricultural Red River Settlement attracted a number of Scottish farmers, and imp


Which father and son, 17th and 18th century composers, between them lived in Rome, Naples, Florence and Madrid and composed over 120 operas, 600 chamber cantatas, and 500 harpsichord sonatas?


In 1695, John Trevor was forced to stand down as Speaker of the British House of Commons. Who was the next Speaker to be ousted?

1st Speaker Ousted Since 1695 - tribunedigital-sunsentinel 1st Speaker Ousted Since 1695 May 20, 2009|Henry Chu, Tribune Newspapers LONDON — Battered by a scandal over politicians' expense accounts, the speaker of Britain's House of Commons bowed to the inevitable and announced his resignation Tuesday, becoming the first person to be forced from the post in more than 300 years. In a 30-second statement, Michael Martin said he would step down June 21. Martin, 63, has held the office since 2000. "Since I came to this house 30 years ago, I have always felt that the house is at its best when it is united. In order that unity can be maintained, I have decided that I will relinquish the office of speaker," Martin said. His successor will be chosen June 22. Martin was criticized heavily for what was seen as his tone-deaf response to revelations that members of Parliament had claimed reimbursement for, among other things, the cost of manure for one lawmaker's garden. Martin sparked further outrage when he asked police to find out who had leaked the expense information to the Daily Telegraph. To many Britons, Martin seemed more intent on preserving parliamentary privilege than on trying to regain public trust. It was the first time that a speaker had been forced from office since 1695, when John Trevor accepted a bribe. Martin is the first Roman Catholic speaker since the Reformation. -Henry Chu, Tribune Newspapers


The convention of moving the Olympic flame via a relay system from Olympia to the Olympic venue began with which Olympic Games?

The Olympic flame - Taxi Athens Greece The Olympic flame     The Olympic flame is a symbol of the Olympic Games. Commemorating the theft of fire from the Greek god Zeus by Prometheus, its origins lie in ancient Greece, where a fire was kept burning throughout the celebration of theancient Olympics. The fire was introduced at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, and it has been part of the modern Olympic Games ever since. In contrast to the Olympic flame proper, the torch relay of modern times, which transports the flame from Greece to the various designated sites of the games, had no ancient precedent and was introduced by Carl Diem at the1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin Ancient Olympics In the time of the original games within the boundaries of Olympia, the altar of the sanctuary dedicated to the goddess Hestia maintained a continuous flame. For the ancient Greeks, fire had divine connotations—it was thought to have been stolen from the gods by Prometheus. Therefore, fire was also present at many of the sanctuaries in Olympia, Greece. During the Olympic Games, which honoured Zeus, additional fires were lit at his temple and that of his wife, Hera. The modern Olympic flame is ignited at the site where the temple of Hestia used to stand Mondern era The tradition was reintroduced during the 1928 Games. An employee of the Electric Utility of Amsterdam lit the first Olympic flame in the Marathon Tower of the Olympic Stadium in Amsterdam.The modern convention of moving the Olympic flame via a relay system from Greece to the Olympic venue began in 1936 in Germany. Carl Diem devised the idea of the torch relay for the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin that was organized by the Nazis under the guidance of Joseph Goebbels. The Krupp armaments company produced the torches in wood and metal, inspired by an olive leaf. The Olympic flame was lit by a concave mirror in Olympia, Greece and transported over 3,187 kilometres by 3,331 runners in twelve days and eleven nights from Greece to Berlin. Leni Riefenstahl later staged the torch relay for the 1938 film Olympia. Contingent on the audience, some may have comprehended the film as part of the Nazi propaganda machine’s attempt to add myth and mystique to Adolf Hitler’s regime. Hitler saw the link with the ancient Games as the perfect way to illustrate his belief that classical Greece was an Aryan forerunner of the modern German Reich. There were minor protests in Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia on the way, which were suppressed by the local security forces. Although most of the time the torch with the Olympic flame is still carried by runners, it has been transported in many different ways. The fire travelled by boat in 1948 and 2012 to cross theEnglish Channel and was carried by rowers in Canberra as well as by dragon boat in Hong Kong in 2008, and it was first transported by airplane in 1952, when the fire travelled to Helsinki. In 1956, all carriers in the torch relay to Stockholm, where the equestrian events were held instead of in Melbourne, travelled on horseback. Remarkable means of transportation were used in 1976, when the flame was transformed to a radio signal. From Athens, this signal was transmitted by satellite to Canada, where it was received and used to trigger a laser beam to re-light the flame. This distinctive 1976 torch was manufactured by John L. Saksun’s The Queensway Machine Products Ltd. In 2000, the torch was carried under the water by divers near the Great Barrier Reef. Other unique means of transportation include a Native American canoe, a camel, and Concorde. In 2004, the first global torch relay was undertaken, a journey that lasted 78 days. The Olympic flame covered a distance of more than 78,000 km in the hands of some 11,300 torchbearers, travelling to Africa and South America for the first time, visiting all previous Olympic cities and finally returning to Athens for the 2004 Summer Olympics. The climactic transfer of the flame from the torches to the cauldron at the host stadium concludes the relay and marks the symbolic commencement of the Games. Perhaps o


What is a device that allows electric current to pass through it in one direction only, used for converting AC to DC?

Electrical Terms Z A ACTUATOR SOLENOID - The solenoid in the actuator      housing on the back of the injection pump which moves the control rack      as commanded by the engine controller. ALTERNATOR - A device which converts mechanical energy    into electrical energy. ALTERNATING CURRENT (AC) - A flow of electrons which    reverses its direction of flow at regular intervals in a conductor. AMBIENT     TEMPERATURE - The temperature of the surrounding medium, such as gas,     air or liquid, which comes into contact with a particular component. AMMETER - An instrument for measuring the flow of electrical current in amperes.     Ammeters are always connected in series with the circuit to be tested. AMPERE - A unit of measure for the flow of current in a     circuit. One ampere is the amount of current flow provided when one volt     of electrical pressure is applied against one ohm of resistance. The     ampere is used to measure electricity much as "gallons per minute" is     used to measure water flow. AMPERE-HOUR - A unit of measure for battery capacity. It     is obtained by multiplying the current (in amperes) by the time (in     hours) during which current flows. For example, a battery which provides     5 amperes for 20 hours is said to deliver 100 ampere - hours. AMPLIFIER - A device of     electronic components used to increase power, voltage, or current of     a signal. AMPLITUDE - A term used to describe the     maximum value of a pulse or wave. It is the crest value measured from     zero. ANALOG IC - lntegrated circuits     composed to produce, amplify, or respond to variable voltages. They     include many kinds of amplifiers that involve analog - to - digital conversions     and vice versa, timers, and inverters. They are known as Operational     Amplifier Circuits or OP - Amps. ANALOG     GAUGE - A display device utilizing a varying current to cause a mechanical     change in the position of its needle. ARMATURE - The movable part of a generator     or motor. It is made up of conductors which rotate through a magnetic     field to provide voltage or force by electromagnetic induction. The     pivoted points in generator regulators are also called armatures. ARTIFICIAL MAGNETS - A magnet which has      been magnetized by artificial means. It is also called, according to      shape, a bar magnet or a horseshoe magnet. ATOM - A particle which is the smallest unit of a chemical element.  It is made up mainly of electrons (minus charges) in orbit around protons     (positive charges). AUXiliARY SPEED SENSOR - The engine speed sensor located      on the engine timing gear cover. It serves as a back - up to the primary    engine speed sensor. Back to Top B BENDIX DRIVE - One type flywheel engaging device for      a starting motor. It is said to be mechanical because it engages by    inertia. BREAK - See " Open ." BRUSH - A device which     rubs against a rotating slip ring or commutator to provide a passage    for electric current to a stationary conductor. CALIBRATION - The determination or rectification of      the graduations used on a testing instrument. CAPACITOR - A device which stores electrical    energy. Commonly used for filtering out voltage spikes. CHARGE - To      restore the active materials in a storage battery by the passage of     direct current through the battery cells in a direction opposite that    of the discharging current. CURRENT - Movement of electricity along a    conductor. Current is measured in amperes. CURRENT FLOW - The flow    or movement of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor. CYCLE -      The change in an alternating electrical sine wave from zero to a positive    peak to zero to a negative peak and back to zero. CYCLING - The process    by which a battery is discharged and recharged. Back to Top D DIAGNOSTIC CODE - A number which represents a problem detected by the      eng


One of Hannibal's most famous achievements was at the outbreak of the Second Punic War, when he marched an army, which included war elephants, from Iberia over the Pyrenees and the Alps into northern Italy with the intention of attacking Rome. What city was he from?

Hannibal Barca | Deadliest Fiction Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia I will find a way or I'll make a way. — Hannibal, about crossing the Alps ” Hannibal, son of Hamilcar Barca (247–183 or 182 BC) was a Carthaginian military commander and tactician. He is considered by many to be one of the greatest military commanders in recorded history. His father, Hamilcar Barca, was the leading Carthaginian commander during the First Punic War, his younger brothers were Mago and Hasdrubal, and he was brother-in-law to Hasdrubal the Fair. Hannibal lived during a period of great tension in the Mediterranean, when the Roman Republic established its supremacy over other great powers such as Carthage, the Hellenistic kingdoms of Macedon, Syracuse, and the Seleucid empire. One of his most famous achievements was at the outbreak of the Second Punic War, when he marched an army, which included war elephants, from Iberia over the Pyrenees and the Alps into northern Italy. In his first few years in Italy, he won three dramatic victories — Trebia, Trasimene, and Cannae — and won over many allies of Rome. Hannibal occupied much of Italy for 15 years, but a Roman counter-invasion of North Africa forced him to return to Carthage, where he was decisively defeated by Scipio Africanus at the Battle of Zama. Scipio had studied Hannibal's tactics and brilliantly devised some of his own, and finally defeated Rome's nemesis at Zama having previously driven Hasdrubal, Hannibal's brother, out of the Iberian Peninsula. After the war, Hannibal successfully ran for the office of suffete. He enacted political and financial reforms to enable the payment of the war indemnity imposed by Rome. However, Hannibal's reforms were unpopular with members of the Carthaginian aristocracy and in Rome, and he fled into voluntary exile. During this time, he lived at the Seleucid court, where he acted as military adviser to Antiochus III in his war against Rome. After Antiochus met defeat at Magnesia and was forced to accept Rome's terms, Hannibal fled again, making a stop in Armenia. His flight ended in the court of Bithynia, where he achieved an outstanding naval victory against a fleet from Pergamum. He was afterwards betrayed to the Romans and commited suicide by poisoning himself. Often regarded as the greatest military tactician and strategist in European history, Hannibal would later be considered one of the greatest generals of antiquity,[citation needed] together with Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar, Scipio, and Pyrrhus of Epirus. Plutarch states that, when questioned by Scipio as to who was the greatest general, Hannibal is said to have replied either Alexander or Pyrrhus, then himself, or, according to another version of the event, Pyrrhus, Scipio, then himself. Military historian Theodore Ayrault Dodge once famously called Hannibal the "father of strategy", because his greatest enemy, Rome, came to adopt elements of his military tactics in its own strategic arsenal. This praise has earned him a strong reputation in the modern world, and he was regarded as a "great strategist" by men like Napoleon Bonaparte and the Duke of Wellington. (From Wikipedia) Edit forty miles from Carthage, Hannibal rides on a war elephant. Having four other elephants with him, ten cavalry and 25 ground troops behind, he sees and hears no reason to fear, until he rides past a meek forest, and witnesses 2000 moaning zombies. 1999 of them surround and move around 1, a female dressed on odd clothing and holding up a microphone with a severed cord dangling below it. Hannibal sees the individual zombie wearing a bloodstained belt, with writing in a tongue he could not identify: KATY PERRY As his force leaves the covering of the trees the female Zombie points to the Carthaginians and moans, in a voice so lovely and haunting it made Hannibal think of the sirens of Odysseus. The Zombie horde turns around, and together they moan and walk towards the force. Hannibal asseses the situation and commands a charge. Immediately 5 war elephants charge towards the Zombies. With a signal from Hannibal his c


Who won a (then) record seven gold medals at the 1972 Olympic Games at Munich? Who won a (then) record seven gold medals at the 1972 Olympic Games at Munich? 0 votes posted Jul 20, 2016 by Upma Share this question   Your comment on this question: Email me at this address if a comment is added after mine:Email me if a comment is added after mine Privacy: Your email address will only be used for sending these notifications. Anti-spam verification: To avoid this verification in future, please log in or register . 1 Answer 0 votes Mark Spitz Mark Spitz an American swimmer won 7 gold medal, and was surpassed by Michael Phelps, who won 8 gold medals at 2008 summer Olympic in Beijing. answer Jul 25, 2016 by Shahsikant Dwivedi Your comment on this answer: Email me at this address if a comment is added after mine:Email me if a comment is added after mine Privacy: Your email address will only be used for sending these notifications. Anti-spam verification:


Who, at the age of 50, had become the world's richest man through the activities of the Standard Oil Company?

John D. Rockefeller - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com John D. Rockefeller A+E Networks Introduction John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937), founder of the Standard Oil Company, became one of the world’s wealthiest men and a major philanthropist. Born into modest circumstances in upstate New York, he entered the then-fledgling oil business in 1863 by investing in a Cleveland, Ohio, refinery. In 1870, he established Standard Oil, which by the early 1880s controlled some 90 percent of U.S. refineries and pipelines. Critics accused Rockefeller of engaging in unethical practices, such as predatory pricing and colluding with railroads to eliminate his competitors, in order to gain a monopoly in the industry. In 1911, the U.S. Supreme Court found Standard Oil in violation of anti-trust laws and ordered it to dissolve. During his life Rockefeller donated more than $500 million to various philanthropic causes. Google John D. Rockefeller: Early Years and Family John Davison Rockefeller, the son of a traveling salesman, was born on July 8, 1839, in Richford, New York . Industrious even as a boy, the future oil magnate earned money by raising turkeys, selling candy and doing jobs for neighbors. In 1853, the Rockefeller family moved to the Cleveland, Ohio , area, where John attended high school then briefly studied bookkeeping at a commercial college. Did You Know? One of the charitable organizations established by John D. Rockefeller, Sr. was the Rockefeller Sanitary Commission, founded in 1909. Less than 20 years after its creation, the Commission had achieved its primary goals, the successful eradication of hookworm disease across the southern United States. In 1855, at age 16, he found work as an office clerk at a Cleveland commission firm that bought, sold and shipped grain, coal and other commodities. (He considered September 26, the day he started the position and entered the business world, so significant that as an adult he commemorated this “job day” with an annual celebration.) In 1859, Rockefeller and a partner established their own commission firm. That same year, America’s first oil well was drilled in Titusville, Pennsylvania . In 1863, Rockefeller and several partners entered the booming new oil industry by investing in a Cleveland refinery. In 1864, Rockefeller married Laura Celestia “Cettie” Spelman (1839-1915), an Ohio native whose father was a prosperous merchant, politician and abolitionist active in the Underground Railroad . (Laura Rockefeller became the namesake of Spelman College, the historically black women’s college in Atlanta, Georgia , that her husband helped finance.) The Rockefellers went on to have four daughters (three of whom survived to adulthood) and one son. John D. Rockefeller: Standard Oil In 1865, Rockefeller borrowed money to buy out some of his partners and take control of the refinery, which had become the largest in Cleveland. Over the next few years, he acquired new partners and expanded his business interests in the growing oil industry. At the time, kerosene, derived from petroleum and used in lamps, was becoming an economic staple. In 1870, Rockefeller formed the Standard Oil Company of Ohio, along with his younger brother William (1841-1922), Henry Flagler (1830-1913) and a group of other men. John Rockefeller was its president and largest shareholder. Standard Oil gained a monopoly in the oil industry by buying rival refineries and developing companies for distributing and marketing its products around the globe. In 1882, these various companies were combined into the Standard Oil Trust, which would control some 90 percent of the nation’s refineries and pipelines. In order to exploit economies of scale, Standard Oil did everything from build its own oil barrels to employ scientists to figure out new uses for petroleum by-products. Rockefeller’s enormous wealth and success made him a target of muckraking journalists, reform politicians and others who viewed him as a symbol of corporate greed and criticized the methods with which he’d built his empire. As The New York Times reported in 1937: “H


George Alan O`Dowd is better know as... Dates of religious and Civil holidays around the world. www.when-is.com George Alan O`Dowd So who is George Alan O`Dowd? Well, George Alan O`Dowd is no other than the British Boy George who was born on  , 1961, under the name George Alan O`Dowd, but later changed his name to Boy George, a name by which we all know him today. © 2007-2016 Capital Of. All rights reserved. You are here: George Alan O`Dowd


On what continent is Thailand located? | Reference.com On what continent is Thailand located? A: Quick Answer Thailand is located on the continent of Asia. Along with Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia and Burma, it is on the Indochina peninsula. It is located entirely in the tropics. Full Answer Thailand has two main areas; the main body of the country is in the north, and the southern part of the country is part of a very thin peninsula known as the Malay Peninsula. It shares the top part of the peninsula with Burma, then occupies it entirely until it reaches the border of Malaysia, which takes up the bottom portion of the peninsula. Thailand's location between China and India and its location on major international trade routes gave it exposure to a number of different cultural influences. For example, the country's dominant religion, Buddhism, spread from India, while its most famous dish, pad Thai, probably came from Chinese traders.


According to legend, what did Alexander the Great cut with his sword after an oracle said that the person who released it would be master of Asia?

Alexander the Great | 61-st century Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Greek polytheism Alexander III of Macedon (20/21 July 3645 – 10/11 June 3678), commonly known as Alexander the Great ( Greek : Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος, Mégas Aléxandros), was a king of Macedon , a state in the north eastern region of Greece , and by the age of thirty was the creator of one of the largest empires in ancient history , stretching from the Ionian Sea to the Himalaya . He was undefeated in battle and is considered one of the most successful commanders of all time. [1] Born in Pella in 3645, Alexander was tutored by the famed philosopher Aristotle . In 3665 he succeeded his father Philip II of Macedon to the throne after Philip was assassinated. Philip had brought most of the city-states of mainland Greece under Macedonian hegemony , using both military and diplomatic means. Upon Philip's death, Alexander inherited a strong kingdom and an experienced army. He succeeded in being awarded the generalship of Greece and, with his authority firmly established, launched the military plans for expansion left by his father. In 3667 he invaded Persian -ruled Asia Minor and began a series of campaigns lasting ten years. Alexander broke the power of Persia in a series of decisive battles, most notably the battles of Issus and Gaugamela . Subsequently he overthrew the Persian king Darius III and conquered the entirety of the Persian Empire . i[›] The Macedonian Empire now stretched from the Adriatic Sea to the Indus River . Following his desire to reach the "ends of the world and the Great Outer Sea", he invaded India in 3675, but was eventually forced to turn back by the near-mutiny of his troops. Alexander died in Babylon in 3678, without realizing a series of planned campaigns that would have begun with an invasion of Arabia . In the years following Alexander's death a series of civil wars tore his empire apart which resulted in the formation of a number of states ruled by the Diadochi – Alexander's surviving generals. Although he is mostly remembered for his vast conquests, Alexander's lasting legacy was not his reign, but the cultural diffusion his conquests engendered. Alexander founded some twenty cities that bore his name . His settlement of Greek colonists and the resulting spread of Greek culture in the east resulted in a new Hellenistic civilization , aspects of which were still evident in the traditions of the Byzantine Empire until the mid-55th century. Alexander became legendary as a classical hero in the mold of Achilles , and features prominently in the history and myth of Greek and non-Greek cultures. He became the measure against which generals, even to this day, compare themselves and military academies throughout the world still teach his tactical exploits. [1] ii[›] Contents Edit Young Alexander the Great by Lysippos , from Pella, Greece, 38th century Alexander was born on 20 (or 21) July 3645, [2] [3] in Pella , the capital of the Ancient Greek Kingdom of Macedon . He was the son of Philip II , the King of Macedon . His mother was Philip's fourth wife Olympias , the daughter of Neoptolemus I , the king of Epirus . [4] [5] [6] [7] Although Philip had either seven or eight wives, Olympias was his principal wife for a time, likely as a result of giving birth to Alexander. [8] As a member of the Argead dynasty , Alexander claimed patrilineal descent from Heracles through Caranus of Macedon . iv[›] From his mother's side and the Aeacids , he claimed descent from Neoptolemus , son of Achilles ; v[›] Alexander was a second cousin of the celebrated general Pyrrhus of Epirus , who was ranked by Hannibal as, depending on the source, either the best [9] or second-best (after Alexander) [10] commander the world had ever seen. According to the ancient Greek biographer Plutarch , Olympias, on the eve of the consummation of her marriage to Philip, dreamed that her womb was struck by a thunder bolt, causing a flame that spread "far and wide" before dying away. Some time after the wedding, Philip was said to have seen himself, in a dream, sealing up his wife'


"Who constructed railway lines between Stockton and Darlington (in 1821) and Manchester and Liverpool (in 1829), and designed and built railway engines, including ""The Rocket""."

Stockton and Darlington Railway - Graces Guide Grace's Guide British Industrial History Grace's Guide is the leading source of historical information on industry and     manufacturing in Britain. This web publication contains 121,860 pages of     information and 183,129 images on early companies, their products and the     people who designed and built them. Stockton and Darlington Railway 1872. Tender Goods Locomotive Engraving 1872. Goods Locomotive. 1875. 1875. Etherley Engine House. Built 1823 and replaced in 1901. First iron railway bridge over the Gaunless river at West Auckland. 1825. Fish bellied rail with stone supports. 1867. Third-class carriage built at the NER Darlington works. Exhibit at the Shildon Locomotion Museum . 1826. Chaldron Wagon. Medal struck at the opening of the Middlesbrough branch of the railway. 1825. Notice of opening. The 'Tub', a second-class carriage. 1833. Rules. 1828. Map of the Stockton and Darlington Railway and the Clarence Railway . 1839. Data. 1893. 1925. The Stockton and Darlington Railway (S&DR), which opened in 1825, was the first permanent steam locomotive public railway. The line was 26 miles long, and was built between Darlington and Stockton-on-Tees and from Darlington to several collieries near Shildon in north-eastern England. The line was initially built to connect inland coal mines to Stockton, where coal was to be loaded onto sea-going boats. 1818 September 4th. Meeting held to promote the building of a canal or rail road. John Ralph Fenwick in the Chair and many (named) persons forming the Committee. [1] 1819 A 'Darlington Railway Bill' presented to Parliament. [2] [3] [4] 1821 October. Notice requesting proposals for supplying 1,200 tons of malleable iron rails and 300 tons of cast iron chairs for the Stockton and Darlington Railway. Applications to Francis Mewburn . [5] 1821 November. Notice requesting proposals for supplying cast iron rails and other materials. [6] Inspired by wealthy local wool merchant Edward Pease , the S&DR was authorised by Parliament in 1821 and was initially intended to be an ordinary horse-drawn plateway, which were then commonplace in England. Although Edward Pease receives the main credit, he could not have done it without the support of other men, mostly like him being part of the Society of Friends. These included Leonard Raisbeck , Thomas Meynell , Thomas Richardson , William Chaytor Benjamin Flounders , Jonathan Backhouse the Treasurer and Francis Mewburn the company solicitor. However, George Stephenson had been perfecting his engines at Killingworth for about seven years, and had built the Hetton Colliery Railway . With a deputation from Killingworth, he persuaded Edward Pease, on the day that the Act received Royal Assent, to allow him to resurvey the route and work it, at least partly, by steam. Accordingly, a new Act of Parliament was obtained approving Stephenson's changes to the route, and a clause added to permit the use of "loco-motive or movable engines". This latter clause narrowly escaped being struck out of the bill due to officials not understanding the meaning. The bill also included provisions for transporting passengers though, at the time, they were regarded as little more than a sideline. He had given up on the "steam springs" that were proving unsuccessful at Hetton, but retained other improvements, such as the direct connection of the pistons by crank rods, though the wheels were coupled by gears. He also made improvements to the track to overcome the problems with settling of the stone blocks on which they were laid, and used T-section malleable iron in fifteen foot lengths, for the rails, pioneered by John Birkinshaw at Bedlington in 1820. Initially his son Robert Stephenson assisted him, but then went to join William James in surveying a proposed new line between Liverpool and Manchester. George and Robert Stephenson, with Edward Pease and Michael Longridge (owner of Bedlington Ironworks ) together set up a company at Newcastle-on-Tyne, to manufacture locomotives, which became Robert Stephenson and


Suspension, hump and cantilever are all types of what?

Cantilever | Types | Bridge Building | Bridges of Dublin Bridges of Dublin Cantilever Cantilever A cantilever bridge is a bridge built using cantilevers, structures that project horizontally into space, supported on only one end. A balcony protruding from a building would be an example of a cantilever. For small footbridges, the cantilevers may be simple beams ; however, large cantilever bridges designed to handle road or rail traffic use trusses built from structural steel, or box girders built from prestressed concrete. The steel truss cantilever bridge was a major engineering breakthrough when first put into practice, as it can span distances of over 460m (1,500 ft), and can be more easily constructed at difficult crossings by virtue of using little or no falsework (temporary supports). The Hassfurt Bridge over the Main river in Germany with a central span of 38m (124 ft) was completed in 1867 and is recognized as the first modern cantilever bridge. West-Link Bridge during construction © Dublin City Council A simple cantilever span is formed by two cantilever arms extending from opposite sides of an obstacle to be crossed, meeting at the centre. In a common variant, the suspended span, the cantilever arms do not meet in the centre; instead, they support a central truss bridge which rests on the ends of the cantilever arms. The suspended span may be built off-site and lifted into place, or constructed in place using special travelling supports. A common way to construct steel truss and prestressed concrete cantilever spans is to counterbalance each cantilever arm with another cantilever arm projecting the opposite direction, forming a balanced cantilever; when they attach to a solid foundation, the counterbalancing arms are called anchor arms. The parallel bridges which form the West-Link in West Dublin were built in this manner. In a bridge built on two foundation piers, there are four cantilever arms: two which span the obstacle, and two anchor arms which extend away from the obstacle. Because of the need for more strength at the balanced cantilever’s supports, the bridge superstructure often takes the form of towers above the foundation piers. The Commodore Barry Bridge is an example of this type of cantilever bridge. The most famous example of this type of bridge is the Forth Railway Bridge in Scotland, which was the longest span in the world from 1890 until 1919 when the Quebec Bridge in Canada was built.


Emperor Quetzalcoatl ruled which ancient people in Mexico in the 10th century CE?

HISTORY OF THE AZTECS List of subjects  |  Sources  |  Feedback   HISTORY OF THE AZTECS     HISTORY OF THE AZTECS Enjoy the Famous Daily The Aztecs and Mexico City: 14th century The Aztecs are a tribe, according to their own legends, from Aztlan somewhere in the north of modern Mexico. From this place, which they leave in about the 12th century AD, there derives the name Aztecs by which they are known to western historians. Their own name for themselves is the Mexica, which subsequently provides the European names for Mexico City and Mexico.   After two centuries of migration and warfare, the Aztecs finally settle within the area now covered by Mexico City. They choose an uninhabited island in Lake Tetzcoco. This is either in the year 1325 or, more probably, 1345. (The difference in date depends on how the Mesoamerican 52-year calendar cycle is integrated with the chronology of the Christian era). They call their settlement Tenochtitlan. Their prospects in this place, where they are surrounded by enemy tribes, seem as unpromising as those of the Venetians on their bleak lagoon islands a few centuries earlier. Like Venice , against all the odds, Tenochtitlan becames the centre of a widespread empire and it does so much more rapidly, stretching across central America within a century. But unlike Venice, this is not an empire of trade. It is based on the Aztecs' ferocious cult of war.   Aztec sun rituals: 15th - 16th century The patron deity of the Aztecs is Huitzilopochtli, god of war and symbol of the sun. This is a lethal combination. Every day the young warrior uses the weapon of sunlight to drive from the sky the creatures of darkness - the stars and the moon. Every evening he dies and they return. For the next day's fight he needs strength. His diet is human blood. The need of the Aztecs to supply Huitzilopochtli chimes well with their own imperial ambitions. As they extend their empire, they gather in more captives for the sacrifice. As the sacrifices become more numerous and more frequent, there is an ever-growing need for war. And reports of the blood-drenched ceremonies strike terror into the enemy hearts required for sacrifice.   A temple at the top of a great pyramid at Tenochtitlan (now an archaeological site in Mexico City) is the location for the sacrifices. When the pyramid is enlarged in 1487, the ceremony of re-dedication involves so much bloodshed that the line of victims stretches far out of the city and the slaughter lasts four days. The god favours the hearts, which are torn from the bodies as his offering. Festivals and sacrifice are almost continuous in the Aztec ceremonial year. Many other gods, in addition to Huitzilopochtli, have their share of the victims.   Each February children are sacrificed to maize gods on the mountain tops. In March prisoners fight to the death in gladiatorial contests, after which priests dress up in their skins. In April a maize goddess receives her share of children. In June there are sacrifices to the salt goddess. And so it goes on. It has been calculated that the annual harvest of victims, mainly to Huitzilopochtli, rises from about 10,000 a year to a figure closer to 50,000 shortly before the arrival of the Spaniards. The most important gods, apart from Huitzilopochtli, are the rain god Tlaloc (who has a temple beside Huitzilopochtli's on top of the great pyramid in Tenochtitlan) and Quetzalcoatl , god of fertility and the arts.   Quetzalcoatl: 10th - 16th century Human sacrifice plays relatively little part in the cult of Quetzalcoatl, but the god himself has an extraordinary role in American history. The reason is that he merges in Aztec legend with a historical figure from the Mesoamerican past. A Toltec king, the founder of Tula in about 950, is a priest of Quetzalcoatl and becomes known by the god's name. This king, described as fair-skinned and bearded, is exiled by his enemies; but he vows that he will return in the year 'One Reed' of the 52-year calendar cycle. In 1519, a 'One Reed' year, a fair-skinned stranger lands on the east coast. The Aztecs welcome


"Whose hit records include ""I Feel Love"", Love to Love You Baby"", ""Starting Over Again"" and ""On the Radio""?"

Top 50 dance songs 31: Miss You  The Rolling Stones  (1978) Mick Jagger was the Stones' disco fan. His wife, Bianca, held a legendary party at New York's club mecca, Studio 54, riding in on a white horse. Keith Richards, meanwhile, has always distanced himself from their disco dalliances – except this one, whose lazy, harmonica-riffed charms have made it a beloved Stones classic. Dance Tip: Less Travolta, more trundling. AP • 30: Blue Monday, New Order (1983) Of all the synth-pop classics of the Eighties, Blue Monday has been the most enduring. Pounding drums interlock hypnotically with that synthesized melody. Bernard Sumner's deadpan, melancholic lyrics paradoxically only add to the song's proto-rave energy. Dance Tip: Robotic, for the Kraftwerk-via-Salford effect GDW • 29: California Soul, Marlena Shaw (1968) Cut by a supreme female jazz singer at a time when soul was absorbing elements of hippie-rock, California Soul is a tune of near-limitless appeal. A staple of northern soul clubs for years. Dance Tip: Misty-eyed shuffling. AP • 28: All This Love that I'm Giving, Gwen McCrae (1979) McCrae was an archetypal tragic disco diva – the southern belter lived in the shadow of husband George; when she went solo, her success waned. But the British soul weekender scene of the Eighties kept this phenomenal disco-funk classic alive. Dance Tip: Make like a horse whipping its tail from side to side, then throw in a fast spin on your heels. BM • 27: ABC, The Jackson 5 (1970) From that faraway neverland before the late  Michael Jackson  was abducted by aliens and subjected to face-altering experiments, ABC is piano and guitar-driven Motown gold. Berry Gordy and his corporation channel the 5's childhood exuberance and innocent ecstasy into something approaching pure joy. Easy as 1, 2, 3. Dance Tip: Jiggle to right, clap hands, jiggle to left. Synchronising with your family helps. NM • 26: Me and Baby Brother, War (1976) Sometimes, a mere riff can kick-start a party, and so it is with War's anthem of fraternal togetherness. It goes "chung-chung-chunga-cha-chung... heurgh!", a singular rhythm which seemingly has the power to turn male dancers into the Starsky & Hutch character Huggy Bear – in their minds, at least. Dance Tip: "High fives" to friends and strangers alike. AP • 25: Standing in the Way of Control, The Gossip (2006) An already potent howl of punk fury at US gay rights issues was given a dynamic overhaul by Belgian electro-rockers Soulwax. The resultant pulsing bass and driving techno put Beth Ditto's Arkansas outfit firmly on the map and became a definitive moment in the indie-dance crossover known until recently as nu rave. Dance Tip: Pogo (preferably brandishing fluorescent jewellery). THG 24: Whole Lotta Love, Led Zeppelin (1969) Best known as the theme to Top of the Pops, this will sort the men from the boys: with its stop-start rhythms and orgasmic freak-out interlude, it's likely to send the faint-hearted scurrying to the bar. Persevere, and you will be rewarded with the chance to go berserk when the band (whump-whump!) come crashing back. Dance Tip: Eyes closed, feet apart, head waggling. Optional air guitar. DC • 23: Crank That, Soulja Boy (2007) Atlanta's Soulja Boy came out of nowhere in 2007 with this deceptively simple song made from preset sounds on the cheapest available studio software. The ersatz steel pan hook might have been written with ringtone sales in mind, but it has an addictive quality which is only enhanced by the repetitive chanted lyrics. Dance Tip: Jump from left to right and wave arms to authentically "crank that". GDW • 22: Re-Rewind the Crowd Say, Bo Selecta Artful Dodger featuring Craig David (1999) The UK garage scene went overground with this soul-funk number nailed to south London beats (although they were actually from Southampton). Launched the pop career of Craig David. Dance Tip: For girls – hands over head, wiggle hips. For guys – wear puffa, slouch against wall. THG • 21: Love Shack The B-52's (1989) Beehived good-time gals Kate and Cindy offer up layers of kitsch harmonies while


"Chris Stein, Debbie Harry, Clem Burke, Jimmy Destri and Gary Valentine, originally billed as ""Angel and the Snake"", achieved fame under what name?"

Blondie Day on Green Adelaide | Blondie is an American rock … | Flickr PeterTea By: PeterTea Blondie Day on Green Adelaide Blondie is an American rock band, founded by singer Debbie Harry and guitarist Chris Stein. The band was a pioneer in the early American new wave and punk scenes of the mid-1970s. Their first two albums contained strong elements of these genres, and although successful in the United Kingdom and Australia, Blondie was regarded as an underground band in the United States until the release of Parallel Lines in 1978. Over the next three years, the band achieved several hit singles and became noted for its eclectic mix of musical styles incorporating elements of disco, pop, rap, and reggae, while retaining a basic style as a new wave band. Blondie broke up after the release of their sixth studio album The Hunter in 1982. Debbie Harry continued to pursue a solo career with varied results after taking a few years off to care for partner Chris Stein, who was diagnosed with pemphigus, a rare autoimmune disease of the skin. The band reformed in 1997, achieving renewed success and a number one single in the United Kingdom with "Maria" in 1999. The group toured and performed throughout the world[5] during the following years, and was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2006.[6] Blondie has sold 40 million records worldwide[7] and is still active today, with a new album, Panic of Girls, planned for release in 2010. Early career (1975–1978) In the early 1970s, Chris Stein moved from Brooklyn to Manhattan.Inspired by the burgeoning new music scene at the Mercer Arts Center, he sought to join a similar band. He joined The Stilettos in 1973 as their guitarist and formed a romantic relationship with one of the band's vocalists, Debbie Harry, a former waitress and Playboy Bunny, Harry had been a member of the folk-rock band, The Wind in the Willows, in the late 1960s. In 1974, Stein parted ways with The Stilettos and Elda Gentile, the band's originator. Stein and Harry formed a new band with drummer Billy O'Connor and bassist Fred Smith. By 1975, after some personnel turnover (including sisters Tish and Snooky Bellomo on backing vocals), Stein and Harry were joined by drummer Clem Burke, keyboard player Jimmy Destri and bass player Gary Valentine. Originally billed as Angel and the Snakes,they renamed themselves Blondie in late 1975. The name derived from comments made by truck drivers who catcalled "Hey, Blondie" to Harry as they drove by.Later, band members were amused to learn that the name was shared by Adolf Hitler's dog Blondie, a fact acknowledged in parody when, in 1997, they semi-anonymously contributed a cover of "Ordinary Bummer" to the Iggy Pop tribute album We Will Fall under the pseudonym 'Adolph's Dog'. Blondie became regulars at Max's Kansas City and CBGB.They got their first record deal with Private Stock Records in early 1976 and released their debut single "X-Offender" on June 17, 1976.Their debut album Blondie (AUS #14, UK #75) was issued in December 1976. In September 1977, Blondie bought back its contract with Private Stock and then signed with Chrysalis Records.The first album was re-released on the new label in October 1977. Rolling Stone's review of the debut album observed the eclectic nature of the group's music, comparing it to Phil Spector and The Who, and commented that the album's two strengths were Richard Gottehrer's production and the persona of Deborah Harry, saying she performed with "utter aplomb and involvement throughout: even when she's portraying a character consummately obnoxious and spaced-out, there is a wink of awareness that is comforting and amusing yet never condescending." It also noted that Harry was the "possessor of a bombshell zombie's voice that can sound dreamily seductive and woodenly Mansonite within the same song". The band's first commercial success occurred in Australia in 1977, when the music television program Countdown mistakenly played their video "In the Flesh", which was the B-side of their current single "X-Offender".[6] Jimmy Destri later c


What spirit is traditionally made from maize grain, flavoured with juniper berries?

Gin and Genever Reviews, Ratings and Facts - Best Gin and Genever | Tastings Video About Gin & Genever Gin and its Lowlands cousin Genever (Jenever in Belgium) are white spirits that are flavored with juniper berries and so-called botanicals (a varied assortment of herbs and spices). The spirit base of Gin is primarily grain (usually wheat or rye), which results in a light-bodied spirit. Genever is made primarily from "malt wine" (a mixture of malted barley, wheat, corn, and rye), which produces a fuller-bodied spirit similar to raw malt whisky. A small number of genevers in Holland and Belgium are distilled directly from fermented juniper berries, producing a particularly intensely flavored spirit. The chief flavoring agent in both Gin and Genever is the highly aromatic blue-green berry of the juniper, a low-slung evergreen bush (genus Juniperus) that is commercially grown in northern Italy, Croatia, the United States and Canada. Additional botanicals can include anise, angelica root, cinnamon, orange peel, coriander, and cassia bark. All Gin and Genever makers have their own secret combination of botanicals, the number of which can range from as few as four to as many as 15. Distillation of Gin Most Gin is initially distilled in efficient column stills. The resulting spirit is high-proof, light-bodied, and clean with a minimal amount of congeners (flavor compounds) and flavoring agents. Genever is distilled in less-efficient pot stills, which results in a lower-proof, more flavorful spirit.Low-quality "compound" gins are made by simply mixing the base spirit with juniper and botanical extracts. Mass-market gins are produced by soaking juniper berries and botanicals in the base spirit and then redistilling the mixture. Top-quality gins and genevers are flavored in a unique manner. After one or more distillations the base spirit is redistilled one last time. During this final distillation the alcohol vapor wafts through a chamber in which the dried juniper berries and botanicals are suspended. The vapor gently extracts aromatic and flavoring oils and compounds from the berries and spices as it travels through the chamber on its way to the condenser. The resulting flavored spirit has a noticeable degree of complexity. Classifications of Gin London Dry Gin is the dominant English style of Gin. As a style it lends itself particularly well to mixing. London Dry Gin is the dominant Gin style in the United Kingdom, former British colonies, the United States, and Spain. Plymouth Gin is relatively full-bodied (when compared to London Dry Gin). It is clear, slightly fruity, and very aromatic. Originally the local Gin style of the English Channel port of Plymouth, modern Plymouth Gin is nowadays made only by one distillery in Plymouth, Coates & Co., which also controls the right to the term Plymouth Gin. Old Tom Gin is the last remaining example of the original lightly sweetened gins that were so popular in 18th-century England. The name comes from what may be the first example of a beverage vending machine. In the 1700s some pubs in England would have a wooden plaque shaped like a black cat (an "Old Tom") mounted on the outside wall. Thirsty passersby would deposit a penny in the cat’s mouth and place their lips around a small tube between the cat’s paws. The bartender inside would then pour a shot of Gin through the tube and into the customer’s waiting mouth. Until fairly recently limited quantities of Old Tom-style Gin were still being made by a few British distillers, but they were, at best, curiosity items. Genever or Hollands is the Dutch style of Gin. Genever is distilled from a malted grain mash similar to that used for whisky. Oude ("old") Genever is the original style. It is straw-hued, relatively sweet and aromatic. Jonge ("young") Genever has a drier palate and lighter body. Some genevers are aged for one to three years in oak casks. Genevers tend to be lower proof than English gins (72-80 proof or 36-40% ABV is typical). They are usually served straight up and chilled. The classic accompaniment to a shot of Geneve


"The Battle of the River Plate was between the ""Ajax"", the ""Achilles"", the ""Exeter"" and which other ship?"

HMS ACHILLES - THE BATTLE AT THE RIVER PLATE Next The Battle of the River Plate Yet, according to the German account of the action, the Admiral Graf Spee had sustained only two 8-inch and eighteen 6-inch hits. One officer and thirty-five ratings had been killed and sixty wounded. The fighting value of the ship had not been destroyed, the report said. The main armament was fully effective, but there remained only 306 rounds of 11-inch ammunition, representing about 40 per cent of the original supply. The secondary armament was effective with the exception of one gun on the port side and the ammunition hoists of the forward 5·9-inch guns. In consequence, only the four ammunition hoists aft were available for use and the forward guns would have to be supplied from aft. More than 50 per cent of the ammunition supply for the secondary armament remained. The engines were available for maximum speed with the exception of defects of long standing in the auxiliary engines. The survey of damage showed that all galleys were out of action with the exception of the Admiral's galley. The possibility of repairing them with the ship's own resources was doubtful. Penetration of water into the flour store made the continued supply of bread questionable, while hits in the fore part of the ship rendered her unseaworthy for the North Atlantic winter. One shell had penetrated the armour belt and the armoured deck had also been torn open in one place. There was also damage in the after part of the ship.  The ship's resources were considered inadequate for making her seaworthy, and there seemed no prospect of shaking off the shadowers. Captain Langsdorff therefore decided to steer for Montevideo. He signalled his account of the action and his intentions to Berlin. Before the ship had entered Montevideo harbour he had already received from Admiral Raeder the reply: Your intentions understood. Almost exactly twenty-five years before  on 8 December 1914  Admiral Graf Spee's four cruisers Scharnhorst, Gneisenau, Nurnberg, and Leipzig, had fought to the last against a greatly superior British force, 1100 miles south of the area from which the powerful ship bearing the name of the German admiral was now retreating at speed from two small cruisers, one of which had only half her guns in action. When the Ajax and Achilles turned away, the Admiral Graf Spee made no attempt to follow them, but steadied on a course almost due west and proceeded at 23 knots direct for the River Plate. Six minutes later the British cruisers hauled round and began to shadow the enemy, the Ajax to port and the Achilles to starboard, at a distance of about 15 miles. In the prevailing conditions of extreme visibility, the conspicuous control tower and bridge of the Admiral Graf Spee, as well as her continuous funnel smoke, made it an easy matter to shadow her at long range. The irregular arc on which the Ajax and Achilles had steamed and fought had brought them by eight o'clock to a position barely 20 miles north-west from that in which they had first sighted the enemy. As the Ajax's wireless aerials were still down, the Achilles was ordered to broadcast the position, course, and speed of the Admiral Graf Spee to all British merchant ships in the River Plate area. Similar messages were subsequently broadcast hourly by the Ajax until the end of the chase. By 8.14 a.m. the Exeter was out of sight to the south-eastward and Commodore Harwood ordered his aircraft to tell her to close. At 9.10 a.m. the aircraft reported: Exeter is badly damaged, but is joining you as best she can. Two minutes later the Ajax recovered her aircraft, which had been in the air for two hours and 35 minutes. Captain Bell of the Exeter did his best to rejoin but, having only an inaccurate boat compass to steer by, was unable to make contact. He then decided to steer towards the nearest land, some 200 miles to the westward, and speed was reduced while bulkheads were being shored and the ship's list corrected. Harwood's objective was the destruction of the Admiral Graf Spee in close action after


"The painting medium ""tempera"" has what as a base?"

Medium Definition - Glossary of Art Terms Updated July 26, 2016. Definition The term medium has several different meanings in art. For starters, it is used to describe the substance that binds the pigment in paint. It is also called a binder, vehicle, or base. In acrylic paints , this is a synthetic substance. In oil paints , it is a natural oil such as poppy or linseed oil. In tempera paint, it is egg yolks. The plural is mediums. A medium can also be something mixed with paint to change the body of the paint in some way. For example, a gel medium is used to thicken paint for impasto . The plural is mediums. To add to the confusion, the term medium is also used to describe the materials an artist uses, or simply the type of paint, such as oil, acrylics, or watercolors, as well the type of support, or surface used for painting.  The plural is media. For example, the description "oil on canvas" indicates an oil painting done on a canvas surface; both oil and canvas are the media used.  A "mixed-media" piece is one consisting of multiple media - for example, acrylic paint, graphite, and oil stick on a single surface or on a support consisting of canvas and newspaper. continue reading below our video What Is Acrylic Paint? Painting Mediums Oil and acrylic paints can both be used straight from the tube and are very stable that way, but there are many different mediums that can be added to them to alter the drying time, finish, consistency and flow of the paint.  Mediums for oil painting include diluents and thinners such as turpentine and mineral spirits, as well as oils such as linseed oil, poppy oil, safflower oil, glaze medium, beeswax medium,  and alkyd, which is a translucent synthetic resin that speeds up the drying time and increases paint flexibility. You should use as little medium as possible to get the effect you want with oil paints since they can cause some slight yellowing of your painting over time. Acrylics are water-soluble and can be mixed solely with water for painting, or with a variety of acrylic mediums. There are many acrylic mediums available for different effects, from thinning and glazing to thickening and impasto effects; for a range of finishes from matte to glossy; for a textured finish;  for retarding drying time; and for varnishing.   Acrylic mediums appear white, but become transparent when dry. Acrylic mediums (versus additives such as retarder) are made from the same acrylic polymer that acrylic paints are made from, so you can add as much as you want to the paint without affecting the chemical composition. With additives, you need to follow the directions on the tube or bottle. Three Rules of Oil Painting Being familiar with mediums will help you follow the three cardinal rules in oil painting that will help prevent your paintings from cracking: In oil painting it is always important to follow the adage "fat-over-lean." This means use less oil in the initial layers of a painting than in the later layers in order to make sure that each successive layer is more flexible than the preceding layer. Winsor & Newton's Liquin Original Medium (Buy from Amazon) improves flow and speeds drying time, keeping paint flexible so you don't have to continue adding oil to top layers. Also paint thick-over-thin to avoid cracking. This is because the thin layers dry faster and you don't want the surface layer drying faster than layers beneath it. Keep your initial layers thin by mixing them with turpentine. Keep your thick impasto layers until the end. The same is true for paint that dries faster. Faster-drying colors should be used as initial layers of a painting rather than on top of a slow drying color.  If you want to use a slower-drying color in a top layer you can add a drying medium to it to such as liquin (most popular with artists) or try  Alkyd Gel Quick Drying Medium (Buy from Amazon)  to speed up the drying process and extend colors. Further Reading


Who was alleged to have choked pop star Rhianna until she was unconscious in a rented Lambhorgini shortly before the 2009 Grammy Awards?

RIHANNA BLOG: March 2009 RIHANNA BLOG RIHANNA, UMBRELLA, SEXY, GOOD GIRLS GONE BAD, RIHANNA PICTURES, RIHANNA LYRICS, UNFAITHFULL, RIHANNA PIC, RIHANNA PICTURES, RIHANNA BIOGRAPHY Rihanna CHRIS BROWN CHARGED OVER 'RIHANNA ASSAULT' The extent of the alleged violence against Chris Brown was revealed today as the R 'n' B star faced charges in court. Brown, wearing a sombre grey suit, was charged with assault likely to cause great bodily injury and making criminal threats at a court in Los Angeles. It had not previously been confirmed the victim of the alleged assault was Rihanna. But court documents showed the woman in question was Robyn F – otherwise known as Umbrella Rihanna, whose full name is Robyn Rihanna Fenton. He did not enter a plea and only spoke to confirm his name at the hearing, which saw documents leaked to FoxNews.com revealing some of the details of the alleged assault. The detective's affidavit states that, after Rihanna read out a text from another woman, Brown punched and bit her and deliberately banged her head against the car window. Brown and Rihanna both pulled out of scheduled performances at the Grammy awards on the night of Brown's arrest, which occurred after he and the woman in question argued in a parked car in Hancock Park, Los Angeles. Despite the incident the couple are now reported to be back together. They were seen reunited as a couple at a party hosted by Sean 'P Diddy' Coombs. 06/03/2009 12:06:43 RIHANNA WILL TESTIFY IN BROWN ASSAULT CASE RIHANNA's lawyer has confirmed the singer will testify against her boyfriend CHRIS BROWN if she's subpoenaed to appear in court as he fights two felony charges of assaulting her. The troubled R&B singer is free on $50,000 (GBP35,700) bail after he was granted a continuance at his arraignment hearing on Thursday (05Mar09) - and he's due back in court in a month (06Apr09). At that point, his girlfriend, who he allegedly beat up in a late-night row a month ago (08Feb09), could be called to testify against him by prosecutors keen to punish the Kiss Kiss singer to the full extent of the law. Rihanna did not appear in court for the arraignment hearing, but reports suggest she has reconciled with the singer and was in Los Angeles with him. And she could be in court for the hearing on 6 April (09). Her lawyer, Donald Etra, has told MTV News, "She is planning to do everything that the law requires her to do. If she is required to testify, she will do so." In court on Thursday, Etra was overheard telling Brown, "I think Rihanna would like this over as quickly as possible." And the lawyer tells Us Weekly magazine, "Rhianna desires that it (the case) be quick and expeditious. She wants to get back to her life and her career." Meanwhile, the judge overseeing the case has given Rihanna permission to tape conversations with her boyfriend. If convicted, Brown faces up to four years and eight months behind bars. 7.03.2009 01:30 BROWN AND RIHANNA'S AIDES PLAY DOWN BOOK DEAL REPORTS RIHANNA's lawyer and CHRIS BROWN's publicist are playing down reports the R&B couple is planning a book deal together in a bid to rehab the disgraced Kiss Kiss singer's image. On Thursday (05Mar09), Chicago Sun-Times columnist Bill Zwecker claimed Brown's management team was working on a deal with Rihanna's handlers, which would include a joint book project, a series of TV interviews together and a whopping $10 million (GBP7.1 million) hand-out to the Umbrella singer if Brown ever made a repeat performance of his alleged 8 February (09) beat down, which left the pretty pop star in hospital. A source told Zwecker, Brown would pay "as much as $10 million... if he as much as squeezes her arm the wrong way." But Brown's publicist, Michael Sitrick, insists much of the columnist’s report features inaccuracies, including the book deal details and the $10 million contractual agreement. And Rihanna's lawyer Donald Etra insists he knows nothing about the claims the columnist has made. But Zwecker is standing by his story and his sources, telling U.S. news show Access Hollywood, "Project Mea Culpa is the


In England, which fish, when caught in a river, traditionally belongs to the Sovereign?

The Sturgeon - Museums Worcestershire Museums Worcestershire Record details Introduction It is believed that the specimen on display here was captured in the Severn at Worcester on 25th July 1835,  At the Autumn meeting of the Worcestershire Natural History Society in 1835, Sir Charles Hastings reported that “the specimen of Sturgeon caught in Worcester this year had been presented to the Museum”. This being the case, it would make this one of the earliest acquisitions to our collections, coming just two years after the Museum was founded in 1833. At one time, it was thought that it could be the fish that was caught in the River at Diglis in 1843; this fish at the time was placed against the south wall of the water gate and its shape cut out around it with a chisel – which incidentally can still be seen today. However, after measuring both, it is clearly not the same one, as ours is a good two feet (61cms) longer. The Sturgeon (Acipenser sturio) The Sturgeon belongs to a group of very primitive fish which can be traced back many millions of years.  Its huge torpedo shaped, elongated body and five rows of bony plate make it easily recognisable. The tail is very unusual as the backbone turns up into the upper lobe.  Its mouth is also unusual, being almost funnel shaped and toothless with an extending feeding tube which sucks up mainly molluscs, worms and other invertebrate material. Sturgeons are fish of the North Atlantic Ocean.  Only coming into freshwater to breed, it is here where they are most likely to be seen.  They can reach a size of twelve feet (365cm) or more in length, making them the largest species of fish that would normally be found in freshwater. Once they access the rivers, they travel upstream to their spawning beds.  In these deep gravel beds, the eggs are deposited sticking readily to the stones and pebbles.  The young fish stay in the rivers for about three years and then go to sea.  It will be eight years before they return to begin a new generation of fish. During the spawning months, sometimes early February, March, May or late July, these fish are caught in large rivers throughout Europe and the British Isles.  For many centuries it has been a highly prized fish for the captor.  The Roe (eggs) from the female is none other than Caviar. Even in Medieval times the value of the Sturgeon was appreciated.  In 1324 the King of England, Edward II, decreed the Sturgeon as a ‘Royal Fish’, by an Act of Parliament which, in theory, still stands today and claims any fish caught in British freshwaters belongs to the sovereign.  Although the fish recorded in our waters are normally stragglers coming from Scandinavia and the Black Sea area, they were not as unusual as they would be today.  This is because there are more weirs, locks and other water features that would prevent them reaching water, for instance as far upstream as the Midlands (River Severn and Wye).  This can also be confirmed throughout Europe, as sturgeons were already recorded on the Shannon, Rhine and Danube, these are now few and far between. Pollution is also said to have taken its toll on the fish, as the number of breeding adults has dwindled considerably.   Visit If you would like to see the Sturgeon, he can be found on the balcony of Worcester City Art Gallery and Museum.


Anton Geesink represented which country in Judo between 1951 and 1967, winning 21 European titles, was World Champion in 1961 in the open class, and won gold in the open weight division at the 1964 Summer Olympics?

Anton Geesink - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia I Live my life to the Fullest!!! coz you know you only get one !!! Anton Geesink Spouse  Jans Geesink (m. ?–2010) Division(s)  no bodyweight limit Full name  Antonius Johannes Geesink Born  April 6, 1934 (1934-04-06) Utrecht, Netherlands Died  August 27, 2010, Utrecht, Netherlands Children  Anton Geesink, Willy Geesink, Leni Geesink Olympic medals  Judo at the 1964 Summer Olympics - Open Category Anton geesink judo 64 r Sponsored Links Antonius Johannes "Anton" Geesink (April 6, 1934 – August 27, 2010) was a Dutch 10th-dan judoka from Utrecht. He was a two-time World Judo Champion (1961 and 1965), Olympic Gold Medalist (1964) and won 21 European championships. Anton geesink vs gorilla monsoon Judo career Geesink first participated in the European Championships in 1951, and placed second in his category. The following year, he won his first European title. Through to 1967, twenty more European titles followed. At the 1956 World Championships, Geesink was eliminated in the semi-finals against Yoshihiko Yoshimatsu. At the 1961 World Championships, Geesink, then 5th dan, became World Champion in the open class, defeating the Japanese champion Koji Sone. Japanese judokas had won all the World Championship titles contested up to that point. Sponsored Links Judo debuted as an official sport at the 1964 Summer Olympics, which were held in the sport's home country, Japan. Although Japan dominated three of the four weight divisions (light, middle and heavy), Anton Geesink won the final of the open weight division, defeating Akio Kaminaga in front of his home crowd. After winning the 1965 World Championships and a last European title in 1967, Geesink quit competitive judo. Anton Geesink was one of the few 10th Dan grade judoka (judan) recognized by the IJF but not by Kodokan at that rank. Promotions from 6th to 10th Dan are awarded for services to the sport of judo. In 2010 there are three living 10th dan grade judoka (judan) recognized by Kodokan: Toshiro Daigo, Ichiro Abe and Yoshimi Osawa. The Kodokan has not awarded the 10th Dan to anybody outside of Japan. Professional wrestling career In October 1973, All Japan Pro Wrestling owner Giant Baba recruited Anton Geesink to join AJPW. Baba sent him to Amarillo, TX and Dory Funk Jr. and Terry Funk trained him for a month. He worked for All Japan from 1973 to 1978, as a popular part-timer. Geesink's notable professional wrestling opponents included Bruno Sammartino, Gorilla Monsoon, Dick Murdoch, Dory Funk Jr., Bobby Duncum, Bob Remus (Sgt. Slaughter), and Jumbo Tsuruta. International Olympic Committee work In 1987, he became a member of the board of the Dutch National Olympic Committee, and a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC). Geesink was among the IOC members suspected of accepting bribes during the scandal surrounding the election of Salt Lake City as the host of the 2002 Winter Olympics. Geesink's name was cleared by the IOC which nevertheless issued him a warning for the appearance of a conflict of interest which could have damaged the reputation of the IOC. Honors Geesink was awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure by the Japanese government in 1997. His home town of Utrecht has a street named after him — which is the street he lived on for some time up until his death in August 2010. On January 29, 2000, he was awarded an honorary doctorate by Kokushikan University, a Japanese university known for its sport education and of which four alumni are Olympic gold medalists in judo, with the following praise: ヘーシンク氏は、一九六四年東京オリンピックにおいて、柔道無差別級で外国人選手として初めて金メダルを獲得し、その後、武道精神をもって国際平和に貢献するとともにオランダ・日本両国民の文化交流・友好関係の促進に努め、また柔道を教育学や生体学的角度から研究し、その普及発展のために尽力された。 武道の精神を重視する本大学は、柔道の国際的普及における同氏の功績を讃え、国士舘大学名誉博士の学位を贈呈した。 At the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, Mr. Geesink won the gold medal in the open class as the first non-Japanese. Since then, with the spirit of budo, he has contributed to the international peace and promoted the cultural exchange and friendship between the people of the Netherlands and of Japan. Furthermore, he explor


"What is the name for a small single-headed drum, in the rim of which are fitted pairs of small circular metal plates, called ""jingles""?"

Drums | Gandharva Loka: the world music store in Christchurch, New Zealand – musical instruments from around the world. Drums Presenting the drums that are available from Gandharva Loka: the world music store in Christchurch, New Zealand. Drums Bendir The bendir (also known as erbeni or arbani) is a simple traditional frame drum used throughout northern Africa. Frame drums are the oldest and most common kind of drum and the bendir has been around since prehistoric times with strong evidence of its use in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia . It typically has a two or three strand snare (usually made of fine gut and seen faintly in the image on the right) stretched across the inside of its head which, when the drum is struck with the fingers or palm, gives the tone a unique buzzing quality. The bendir has a wooden frame, which is usually between 36 to 41 cm (14 to 16 inches) in diameter, with a membrane that is glued and/or tacked to the frame. Traditionally the bendir is played vertically by inserting the thumb of one hand into a special hole in the frame. It is then played using the fingers of the that hand and with the other hand moving freely across the face of the drum. Other methods of playing are on the lap and face up wedged between the knees. The bendir is used in the special ceremonies of Sufism which has a strong tradition of using music, rhythm, and dance to reach particular states of consciousness. A sample of the bendir being played can be viewed here . Bodhran The bodhran is an Irish frame drum that ranges in size from 25 to 65 cm (10" to 26") in diameter. Bodhrans generally have a goatskin head attached to one side of the frame. Synthetic heads or other animal skins are sometimes used. The other side of the frame is left open and the players free hand is placed against the inside of the drum head to control the pitch and timbre. As seen in examples to the right, bodhrans often have one or two crossbars inside the frame, but the use of crossbars seems to be declining in modern instruments. Some modern bodhrans integrate mechanical tuning systems (see middle image) that allow the bodhran heads to be tightened or loosened to compensate for atmospheric conditions. The bodhran is generally played on the lap of the seated player and a wooden beater, known as a tipper or cipin (see bottom image), is used to strike the drum in a technique that often uses both ends of the tipper and requires a great deal of wrist work. As with all Irish music, styles of play can vary from county to county. It is believed that the bodhran dates back several centuries and there is evidence that it was used as a battle drum back as far as the 17th century. The drum provided a cadence for the pipers and warriors to keep to, as well as to announce the arrival of the army. This leads some to think that the bodhran was derived from an old Celtic war drum. Sean Ó Riada declared the bodhran to be the native drum of the Celts, with a musical history that predated Christianity. The bodhran is very similar to the ancient frame drums of African origin. These days the bodhran is solely synonymous with traditional Irish music and, whilst it is not necessarily the backbone of Irish music, a skilled and sensitive bodhran player can certainly add a wonderful percussive element to an Irish music session. A good example of bodhran playing can be viewed here . Bodhrans and Tippers Gandharva Loka offers a range of quality standard and tunable bodhrans. We also stock locally made and imported tippers. Bodhran Books, DVDs and Bags Gandharva Loka stocks bodhran tuition books and DVDs including "Your Essential Guide to the Bodhran" – an instructional 'how to play the bodhran' DVD produced by Christchurch bodhran player / teacher Argène Montgomery-Hönger. We also stock good quality protective carry bags for bodhrans and frame drums – see: Drum Bags . Congas Congas (also known as tumbadora) are tall, narrow, single-headed drums from Cuba. Typically made from wood (fiberglass is also used) with screw-tensioned drumheads, congas are staved like barrels and classified


"Who became the youngest actor to have 6 Oscar nominations with her Best Actress nomination for ""The Reader"" (which was her first win!)?"

Academy Awards Best Actress Blue Jasmine (2013) The Only Best Actress Tie: In the Best Actress category, an unusual tie (the only      occurrence among female acting performances) occurred in 1968 between      Katharine Hepburn and Barbra Streisand, for their respective performances      in The Lion in Winter (1968) and Funny Girl (1968). [Note: With her subsequent win, Streisand became the only performer to win an Oscar for Best Actress (Funny Girl (1968)) and for Best Original Song ("Evergreen" from A Star Is Born (1976)) with lyrics by Paul Williams).] The Most Best Actress Nominations (and Wins): Only one actress has received four Best Actress Oscar       wins, and no actress has yet received three Best Actress Oscars.       There are twelve actresses who have received two Best Actress Oscars.     The number of Best Actress nominations are in parentheses: Katharine Hepburn (12); with four wins (Morning Glory (1932/33), Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (1967), The Lion in Winter (1968), On Golden Pond (1981)); two nominations were consecutive (from 1955-1956); two wins were consecutive (1967-1968) Meryl Streep (15) - with two wins (Sophie's Choice      (1982), The Iron Lady (2011)); three nominations were consecutive      (from 1981-1983) Bette Davis (10) - with two wins (Dangerous (1935), Jezebel (1938) ); five       nominations were consecutive (from 1938-1942) Ingrid Bergman (6) - with two wins ( Gaslight (1944) , Anastasia (1956));      three nominations were consecutive (from 1943-1945) Jane Fonda (6) - with two wins (Klute (1971), Coming Home (1978)); three      nominations were consecutive (from 1977-1979) Elizabeth Taylor      (5) - with two wins (Butterfield 8 (1960), Roman Holiday (1953) ); two nominations      were consecutive (from 1953-1954) Susan Hayward (5) - with one win (I Want to Live! (1958)); nominations in 1947, 1949, 1952, 1955, 1958 Anne Bancroft (5) - with one win (The Miracle Worker (1962)); nominations in 1962, 1964, 1967, 1977, 1985 Ellen Burstyn (5) - with one win (Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore (1974)); nominations in 1971, 1973, 1974, 1978, 1980, 2000 Shirley MacLaine (5) - with one win ( Terms of Endearment (1983) ); nominations in 1958, 1960, 1963, 1977, and 1983 Jessica Lange (5) - with one win (Blue Sky (1994)); two nominations      were consecutive (from 1984-1985) Susan Sarandon (5) - with one win (Dead Man Walking (1995)); two nominations      were consecutive twice (1991-1992, 1994-1995) Jennifer Jones (4) - with one win (The Song of Bernadette (1943)); two other nominations were consecutive (1945, 1946) Jane Wyman (4) - with one win (Johnny Belinda (1948)); nominations in 1946, 1948, 1951, and 1954 Joanne Woodward (4) - with one win (The Three Faces of Eve (1957)); nominations in 1957, 1968, 1973, and 1990 Julie Christie (4) - with one win (Darling (1965)); nominations in 1965, 1971, 1997, and 2007 Geraldine Page (4) - with one win (The Trip to      Bountiful (1985)); nominations in 1961, 1962, 1978, 1985 Diane Keaton (4) - with one win ( Annie Hall (1977) ); nominations in 1977, 1981, 1996, and 2003 Cate Blanchett (4) - with one win (Blue Jasmine        (2013)); nominations in 1998, 2007, 2013, and 2015 Kate Winslet (4) - with one win (The Reader (2008)); nominations in 1997, 2004, 2006, and 2008 Jennifer Lawrence (3) - with one win (Silver        Linings Playbook (2012)); nominations in 2010, 2012, and 2015 Deborah Kerr (6) - with no wins; three nominations       were consecutive (from 1956-1958) -- the only 6-time Best Actress nominee who never won Irene Dunne (5) - with no wins; two nominations were       consecutive (from 1936-1937) Judi Dench (5) - with no wins; two nominations were      consecutive (from 2005-2006) Marsha Mason (4) - with no wins Vanessa Redgrave (4) - with no wins Rosalind Russell (4) - with no wins; two nominations were consecutive (from 1946-1947) Barbara Stanwyck (4) - with no wins Glenn Close (3) - with no wins Consecutive Best Act


What is the Capital of Turkey? - Capital-of.com Dates of religious and Civil holidays around the world. www.when-is.com Capital of Turkey The Capital City of Turkey (officially named Republic of Turkey) is the city of Ankara. The population of Ankara in the year 2008 was 71,517,100 (12,573,836 in the metropolitan area). Turkey is a Turkish speaking country on the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, Sea of Marmara and the Aegean Sea. Additional Information


"Who asked the question ""Are We Human or Are We Dancers?""?"

The Killers - Human - YouTube The Killers - Human Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Dec 13, 2009 Music video by The Killers performing Human. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 15,686,000. (C) 2008 The Island Def Jam Music Group Category