In which year did the Berlin Wall come down?

BBC ON THIS DAY | 9 | 1989: The night the Wall came down About This Site | Text Only 1989: The night the Wall came down The 28-mile (45 km) barrier dividing Germany's capital was built in 1961 to prevent East Berliners fleeing to the West. But as Communism in the Soviet Republic and Eastern Europe began to crumble, pressure mounted on the East German authorities to open the Berlin border. The Wall was finally breached by jubilant Berliners on 9 November 1989, unifying a city that had been divided for over 30 years. Some of you were in Berlin the night The Wall came down and sent your stories: I was in Berlin on 9 November 1989. I was a US Army intelligence officer working for Allied Forces. We heard on the TV that some border points had opened and I left my wife and young daughter to see what was going on at Check Point Charlie. Arriving at the checkpoint there was a large crowd on the Western side. Climbing a fence I could see large numbers of people on the Eastern side. At about that time there was an announcement that East Germans would be allowed to visit the West but would require a stamp which would be issued the following morning. The feeling in the air was electric, as if some great force had been let loose Joseph, Portugal Thinking that the East Germans would obey this order, I went home, also feeling a bit guilty for having left my wife home alone with the baby. The rest is history. The next morning I was screening scores of East Germans who had come over from the GDR, including soldiers who had deserted. Over the next few weeks the feeling in the air was electric, as if some great force had been let loose, perhaps the greatest example of positive [collective] human will ever seen, in my mind the opposite of what happened in the summer of 1914 - a real peaceful revolution. We thought it was going to change the world. Joseph, Portugal I was 14 when I first went to Berlin and the wall was still firmly in place. I was staying with family friends who wanted to show me the beauty of West Berlin but I was intent on seeing "the wall". I remember pressing my hand against it and marvelling that it was only bricks and mortar but was symbolic of years of terror and intimidation. Years later I watched that wall being dismantled by East and West Berliners and wept with joy for their liberation and with utter desolation for those who had died so meaninglessly. Sharsh, UK I was 13 at that time and didn't realise what was going to happen on the 9th of November. We lived at the end of Sonnenalle in the west, where a checkpoint was to cross to the east. The wall was right behind our back garden. We went to bed as usual and got woken up by our mom at some point of the night. The first thing I noticed was loud cheering. I got up to look out the window and just saw people running past, jumping up and down and crying and laughing. For weeks after the 9th people would stand by the gates and cheer on every Trabbi (East German car) that came through to the west. It was an amazing event to have witnessed and I still can't believe this happened right outside of our house. I will never forget that night. Zarina, UK I was living in West Berlin when the wall came down, though I had family in the East who I frequently visited. On that very day I had been over to the East to visit my aunt. I was picked up for the return journey by a British friend who worked for an embassy in the East but lived in the West. We joined the normal "diplomatic" traffic jam at Freidrichstrasse border point (Checkpoint Charlie) little realising that within hours things would change for ever. Everyone scrambled to get to a TV or radio or even down to the checkpoints to see what was happening David Kreikmeier, UK In fact I suddenly realised I had forgotten to submit requests for entry visas to the DDR for some friends who were arriving in Berlin that coming weekend - normally you needed to do this at least three days in advance. My friend suggested I speak with the border officer who usually dealt with the diplomatic traffic as she knew both of us quite well and


"The inhabitants of which Asian city call their city Krung Thep, ""the City of Angels""?"

Why is Bangkok called 'city of angels'? - Quora Quora Written Mar 4, 2016 Krung thep (กรุงเทพฯ) is just short-hand for a much longer name that incorporates a lot of the Hindu- and Buddhist-influenced ceremonial language for the royal family: Krungthepmahanakhon Amonrattanakosin Mahintharayutthaya Mahadilokphop Noppharatratchathaniburirom Udomratchaniwetmahasathan Amonphimanawatansathit Sakkathattiyawitsanukamprasit (or กรุงเทพมหานคร อมรรัตนโกสินทร์ มหินทรายุธยา มหาดิลกภพ นพรัตนราชธานีบูรีรมย์ อุดมราชนิเวศน์มหาสถาน อมรพิมานอวตารสถิต สักกะทัตติยวิษณุกรรมประสิทธิ์) In English, this translates to "The city of angels, the great city, the residence of the Emerald Buddha, the impregnable city (of Ayutthaya) of God Indra, the grand capital of the world endowed with nine precious gems, the happy city, abounding in an enormous Royal Palace that resembles the heavenly abode where reigns the reincarnated god, a city given by Indra and built by Vishnukarn." Written Mar 4, 2016 As many answers here have given the translations of the ceremonial name of Bangkok and in short the city is called "city of angels/gods". The reason behind creating this long and blessing name by King Rama IV was that he wished the good name will bring good lucks and joys for his people like residing in the heaven where angels and gods reside. Written Mar 4, 2016 Unless talking to foreigners , Thais will never call their capital city Bangkok - or never have even heard of it being called that. Instead in Thai it is known as Krung Thep, which roughly translates to City of Angels. Bangkok was the original smaller site for the capital city. Theories suggest that the name translates as Village of Olives or Island City, Krung Thep is actually an abbreviated version of the ceremonial full name: Krungthepmahanakhon Amonrattanakosin Mahintharayutthaya Mahadilokphop Noppharatratchathaniburirom Udomratchaniwetmahasathan Amonphimanawatansathit Sakkathattiyawitsanukamprasit, which is translated to: City of angels, great city of immortals, magnificent city of the nine gems, seat of the king, city of royal palaces, home of gods incarnate, erected by Vishvakarman at Indra's behest. 452 Views


Who directed the film Ryan's Daughter (1970)?

Ryan's Daughter (1970) Trailer - YouTube Ryan's Daughter (1970) Trailer Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Sep 19, 2011 Ryan's Daughter is a 1970 film directed by David Lean.[2][3] The film, set in 1916, tells the story of a married Irish woman who has an affair with a British officer during World War I, despite opposition from her nationalist neighbours. The film is a very loose adaptation of Gustave Flaubert's novel Madame Bovary. Category


John Milton - Biography and Works. Search Texts, Read Online. Discuss. John Milton John Milton (1608-1674), English poet, wrote what many consider to be one of the greatest epic poems in the English language, Paradise Lost (1667); Farewell, happy fields, Where joy for ever dwells! Hail, horrors! hail, Infernal world! and thou, profoundest Hell, Receive thy new possessor--one who brings A mind not to be changed by place or time. The mind is its own place, and in itself Can make a Heaven of Hell, a Hell of Heaven. What matter where, if I be still the same, And what I should be, all but less than he Whom thunder hath made greater? Here at least We shall be free; th' Almighty hath not built Here for his envy, will not drive us hence: Here we may reign secure; and, in my choice, To reign is worth ambition, though in Hell: Better to reign in Hell than serve in Heaven.--Book I and Paradise Regained (1671). Or, if I would delight my private hours With music or with poem, where so soon As in our native language can I find That solace?--Book IV England was in a great state of flux during his lifetime; Milton sided with the Puritans and Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658), rejected popular political and religious beliefs, adopted an anti-royalist stance against King Charles I, and joined the pamphlet wars, writing many polemics on the Church of England including "Of Reformation Touching Church Discipline in England" (1641) and "The Ready and Easy Way to Establish a Free Commonwealth" (1660). As George Saintsbury (1845-1933) states in The Cambridge History of English and American Literature (Vol. VII, 1907-21) "the inspirers of his pamphlets were furies rather than muses". Milton also wrote pamphlets on various political issues like free speech and the censorship exerted by Parliament as in "Areopagitica: A speech of Mr John Milton for the liberty of unlicensed printing to the Parliament of England" (1644). But today Milton is best remembered for his heroic epic verse retelling the story of Adam and Eve and the Fall. In his sympathetic portrayal of man's struggle with good and evil, "That, to the height of this great argument, I may assert Eternal Providence, And justify the ways of God to men." Milton has inspired countless works by artists, film makers, musicians, authors, and poets into the 21st Century including John Keats 's "Endymion"; William Blake created illustrations for Paradise Lost and wrote Milton: a Poem (1804-10); Percy Bysshe Shelley writes "Milton stands alone in the age which he illumined." in his Preface to "The Revolt of Islam"; and Lord George Gordon Byron , in his Introduction and Dedication to Don Juan writes; If, fallen in evil days on evil tongues, Milton appealed to the Avenger, Time, If Time, the Avenger, execrates his wrongs, And makes the word "Miltonic" mean "Sublime," He deigned not to belie his soul in songs, Nor turn his very talent to a crime; He did not loathe the Sire to laud the Son, But closed the tyrant-hater he begun. John Milton was born on 9 December 1608 on Bread Street in London, England to Sarah Jeffrey (1572-1637) and John Milton (1562-1647), scrivener in legal and financial matters. He had an older sister Anne and younger brother Christopher. John was born with poor eyesight which increasingly worsened over time. A life-long student, his schooling started at home under tutor Thomas Young before he went to read the works of Homer and Virgil in Greek and Latin at St Paul's School in London. He entered Christ's College, Cambridge in 1625 with the intent to become a minister. However, upon graduation in 1632 with a Master of Arts degree, Milton was disenchanted with the Church, did not take his orders, and decided to further his studies in languages including Hebrew. He also learned French and Italian, countries he travelled through extensively in the late 1630s where he immersed himself in their history and culture, and met many prominent learned men of the time including Galileo Galilei (1564-1642). Upon his return to England from the continent in 1639 he moved to his parent's home in Horton, Bu


In 1707 a fleet of Navy ships was wrecked off the Scilly Islands. Who was the commander who lost his life in the disaster?

Shipwrecks Around The Isles of Scilly Shipwrecks Around The Isles of Scilly The Isles of Scilly comprise a beautiful and enchanting archipelago, but alongside their attractions lurk menace and danger. This is attested to by the many hundreds of vessels that have foundered on the reefs and rocks over many centuries,. There are 530 registered wrecks at the Isles of Scilly , possibly the most for any group of isles in the world. The stories of Scillonian shipwrecks are peppered with bizarre and tragic coincidences and loaded with superlatives: the greatest, the first, the most deadly, the largest. The longest wooden ship ever built, 'Wyoming', met her end here. Wrecked on 24th March 1924 , this sail collier, a schooner, sank in a north-eastern gale with the loss of all 13 hands including the captain. 15 years previously the world's largest ever, pure sailing ship, the 395 feet in length Thomas W. Lawson had been driven on to the Hellweather's Reef off the uninhabited island of Annet in a severe winter gale. The 'Thomas W. Lawson' had set sail from Philadelphia for London on November 27th 1907 , with 2.5 million gallons of paraffin oil. Just a 2 weeks later, with the ship broken in two, 15 of the 17 crewmen had perished along with the Scillonian pilot, William Hicks. Despite wearing their lifebelts, the seamen had been swamped by the thick oil layer, the smashing seas, and the schooner's rigging. The only survivors were the Captain, George W Dow and engineer, Edward Rowe from Boston. In 1969 , the wreck was relocated when it was found that the two sections were almost a quarter mile apart. With regard to loss of life, several of the worst maritime disasters in British history occurred on Scilly; one, known as the Victorian Titanic, was the wrecking of S.S. 'Schiller' in fog in May 1875 . This German ocean liner was one of the largest vessels of her time at 3,421 tonnes. She plied her trade across the Atlantic Ocean, carrying passengers between New York and Hamburg for the German Transatlantic Steam Navigation Line. She became notorious on 7th May 1875 , when she hit the Retarrier Ledges, causing her to sink with the loss of most of her crew and passengers, in all, 335 fatalities. Many of her lifeboats were unserviceable, and most of those that weren't were crushed when the ship's funnel broke off. As a mark of gratitude to the great assistance that the islanders gave to the mostly German people on-board, orders were given in both World Wars to spare the The Isles of Scilly from being attacked. There was similarly huge loss of life on 13th June 1743 . The entire ship's company of 276 - crew, soldiers and passengers - all perished when 'Hollandia', a ship of the Dutch East India Company (VOC), was wrecked on Annet on her maiden voyage. The wreck was discovered in 1971 by a London attorney, Rex Cowan. The worst catastrophic event, which impelled the Board of the Admiralty to institute a competition for a more precise method to determine longitude, has its 300th anniversary this year. It was in October 1707 that HMS 'Association', the flagship of Admiral Sir Cloudesley Shovell, sank on Gilstone Reef, with the loss of her entire crew of about 800 men, along with three other ships of the 21 strong fleet: HMS 'Firebrand', 'Eagle' and 'Romney'. In all, approximately 2,000 men died that night. There was another Eagle lost on 18th January, 1848 , a Glasgow schooner which struck first on the Crim in fog, then several other rocks and finally the Bishop before sinking. There have also been two ships called 'Minnehaha' wrecked on Scilly. The first was a cargo barque of 845 tonnes, bringing guano from the Peruvian port of Callao to Dublin, which was wrecked off Peninnis Head, St. Mary's on 18th January, 1874 , having been at sea for 14 months. The second 'Minnehaha', which went aground on the eastern side of Scilly Rock in April 1910 , was an altogether grander affair, being a 13,443-ton first class ocean liner built by Harland and Wolff, launched in 1900 . This liner was re-floated in May, after its cargo of cars, pianos and steers had be


"In 1939 Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother, was called ""the most dangerous woman in Europe"". By whom?"

Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mum:<br /> 'The most dangerous woman in Europe' : Blog: Wartime Wednesdays | Elinor Florence Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mum: 'The most dangerous woman in Europe' November 06, 2013   This sweet-faced woman boosted morale so vigorously during the Second World War that Adolf Hitler himself called her “the most dangerous woman in Europe.” Elizabeth, mother of the current queen, died at the age of one hundred, just eleven years ago, and most of us remember her only as a wrinkled old lady in a veiled hat. But she was once beautiful enough to attract the son of a king. In 1923 Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon married the king’s younger son Albert, whom she called Bertie – but only after he proposed three times. Elizabeth embraced the traditional ideas of family and public service. She became known as the “Smiling Duchess” and gave birth to two lovely girls, Elizabeth (Lisbet) and Margaret. When Bertie’s older brother abdicated in 1936, Bertie reluctantly assumed the throne. His speech impediment, and her support, were the subject of The King’s Speech, starring Colin Firth and Helena Bonham-Carter. Apparently even the queen herself was touched by this sympathetic portrayal of her parents. In 1939 the royal couple took a train trip across Canada. My mother June Florence was fifteen years old, and her school class travelled from Battleford to Saskatoon simply to see the couple wave from the royal train. My mother recalls: “We were waiting on the platform when we saw the King inside, trying to lower the blind on the window. It was stuck, and he was yanking at it with annoyance. Then the Queen appeared, and gently put her hand on his arm and spoke to him, and he turned away. It was obvious she had a calming influence on him.” As soon as they returned home, war was declared and Britain – and the royal family – began to fight for their very survival. In a letter, Elizabeth wrote: “I could not help tears running down my face, but we both realized it was inevitable that we must face the cruel Nazi creed and rid ourselves of this continual nightmare.” Just two months after war was declared, on Remembrance Day 1939, she addressed women around the world on the BBC Radio in a truly inspirational speech. She begins by sending her sympathy “to the women of Poland upon whom the first cruel blows have fallen, and the gallant womanhood of France, who are called on to share with us once again the sorrows and hardships of war.” Since Britain was recruiting women into the armed forces for the first time in history, the Queen praised their efforts. “War has at all times called for the fortitude of women, even in other days when it was the affair of the fighting forces only. Now all this has changed. For we, no less than men, have real and vital work to do.”


What is the name used for the training and cutting of trees and shrubs into ornamental shapes?

What Is the Art of Creating Decorative Shapes by Trimming Trees & Shrubs? | Home Guides | SF Gate What Is the Art of Creating Decorative Shapes by Trimming Trees & Shrubs? What Is the Art of Creating Decorative Shapes by Trimming Trees & Shrubs? Animal shapes add a whimsical flair to a garden. Trees and shrubs trimmed into decorative shapes create a formal or whimsical atmosphere for your garden, patio or entryway. As expressions of your sense of humor, playfulness or appreciation for order and design, shaped plants add a new dimension to garden art. Known as topiary, the practice of shaping trees and shrubs has a long history dating to the gardens of ancient Rome. Topiary Plants Topiary requires high maintenance to stay trim and properly shaped. Slow-growing broad-leaf evergreen perennials with small leaves and a dense growth habit are good choices for topiary. Boxwoods (Buxus spp.) have favor with topiarists for their density and toughness. Growing in neutral to acidic well-drained soil in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 5 to 8, boxwoods are versatile, thriving in full sun or partial shade. Other suitable broad-leaf evergreens include yaupon (Ilex vomitoria) and ligustrum (Ligustrum japonica), which grow in zones 7 through 10, and Japanese holly (Ilex crenata), which grows in zones 6 through 8. Juniper (Juniperus chinensis) is a scaled evergreen shrub that takes shaping well in its hardiness range of zones 3 to 9. Shapes Geometric shapes are used in formal gardens or for container plants as focal points in a grouping or to flank a doorway. Simple forms are squares, rectangles and globes. More intricate designs are tiered with bare-stem sections between geometric shapes -- such as a square at the bottom and a globe at the top of the trunk. Still formal but more stylized, some topiaries are spirals, shaped like tall thin twist cones. Whimsical forms take all shapes, from animals to any design the mind can envision and the plant material can support. Tools Make rough-out cuts with long-handled lopping shears to begin your topiary. Refine the shape with hand pruners. Use shears for shapes with flat sides for a smooth, even surface. You can achieve a uniform shape during ball-shape sculpting with a circular wire hoop as a guide. Wire or wooden frames are used for more intricate designs, such as animals, which can take years to complete. Place a frame over a shrub and allow the shrub to grow through the frame. After the plant grows through the frame, the frame provides a trimming guide for the desired shape. Maintenance Topiary plants require the same care as unsculpted plants of the same species for fertilization and irrigation. Plants in containers require more frequent irrigation than plants growing in the ground. Use a balanced fertilizer blend according to package instructions. Trim your topiary in late spring or early summer to maintain its shape. Another pruning in late summer or early fall tidies up your topiary before the dormant season. Densely growing plants -- such as boxwood -- need periodic thinning. Remove some branches 6 to 12 inches long during the first pruning of the year. The health of your topiary is improved by thinning cuts as more air and light can penetrate the plant, preventing disease and encouraging healthy growth.


Which present-day US state was known officially in the 19th century as Indian territory?

Indian Territory | historical territory, United States | Britannica.com historical territory, United States ancient Greek civilization Indian Territory, originally “all of that part of the United States west of the Mississippi , and not within the States of Missouri and Louisiana , or the Territory of Arkansas.” Never an organized territory, it was soon restricted to the present state of Oklahoma , excepting the panhandle and Greer county. The Choctaw , Creek , Seminole , Cherokee , and Chickasaw tribes were forcibly moved to this area between 1830 and 1843, and an act of June 30, 1834, set aside the land as Indian country (later known as Indian Territory). In 1866 the western half of Indian Territory was ceded to the United States, which opened part of it to white settlers in 1889. This portion became the Territory of Oklahoma in 1890 and eventually encompassed all the lands ceded in 1866. The two territories were united and admitted to the Union as the state of Oklahoma in 1907. Learn More in these related articles: Oklahoma constituent state of the United States of America. It borders Colorado and Kansas to the north, Missouri and Arkansas to the east, Texas to the south and west, and New Mexico to the west of its Panhandle region. In its land and its people, Oklahoma is a state of contrast and of the unexpected. The... Creek Muskogean-speaking North American Indian tribe that originally occupied a huge expanse of the flatlands of what are now Georgia and Alabama. There were two divisions of Creeks: the Muskogee (or Upper Creeks), settlers of the northern Creek territory; and the Hitchiti and Alabama, who had the same... Seminole (people) North American Indian tribe of Creek origin who speak a Muskogean language. In the last half of the 18th century, migrants from the Creek towns of southern Georgia moved into northern Florida, the former territory of the Apalachee and Timucua. By about 1775 those migrants had begun to be known... 6 References found in Britannica Articles Assorted References Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. MEDIA FOR: You have successfully emailed this. Error when sending the email. Try again later. Edit Mode Submit Tips For Editing We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered. Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. Submit Thank You for Your Contribution! Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. Uh Oh There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later. Close Date Published: July 20, 1998 URL: https://www.britannica.com/place/Indian-Territory Access Date: January 19, 2017 Share


Peter Grimes | The Opera 101 The Opera 101 Fill out the fields below to contact us! Your name * A subject very close to my heart—the struggle of the individual against the masses. The more vicious the society, the more vicious the individual. Benjamin Britten About Ben Heppner as Grimes © Clive Barda/ROH Peter Grimes is a big opera with a very tight focus. There are huge choral scenes and a large cast of supporting players but the work holds fast to Grimes himself. Grimes is the ultimate outsider, one whom Britten associated with strongly. He’s far from a hero, not even close, but he’s no pantomime villain either. “Now the Great Bear”, his startling Act II aria, reveals the wounded man beneath the menacing facade. This ambiguity runs throughout the piece, Grimes’s nastiness set against the overwhelming mob-like behaviour of the townsfolk. Another major element is that of nature, the sea ever present in the drama and no more so than in the incredible interludes (music that is frequently heard in concert halls as the “4 Sea Interludes”). The town is dependent on the sea, fishing is how they make their living, but it is a dangerous bargain: they live by the sea and frequently die by it too, as we see with Grimes’s successive apprentices. Ellen Orford provides a counterpoint to the harshness of the environment and town, a schoolmistress spinster who cares for Grimes. He too wishes to marry her, if he can make money, but it is largely a social contract not a loving one (though as with everything in this opera, there is plenty of ambiguity). Peter Grimes is a tragedy from start to finish but it's also a masterpiece of musical theatre. The sheer force of the music lifting the narrative to realms rarely reached in 20th Century opera. The opening of Act II - Sunday Morning Characters The manager of The Boar pub. Balstrode Baritone A retired merchant skipper who stands apart from the community in attempting to understand and help Grimes. Bob Boles Tenor A methodist fisherman with a taste for alcohol and women. One of the least savoury characters in the town. Ellen Orford Soprano A middle aged spinster with a soft spot for Grimes. Also something of a pariah in the community. Hobson The town carrier. Refuses to go get John until Ellen convinces him otherwise. John Grimes's new apprentice. Inevitably doomed. Mrs. (Nabob) Sedley Mezzo-soprano A sad, lonely old woman who gossips endlessly in a rather unpleasant fashion. Also addicted to Laudanum (a mild opium). Ned Keene Baritone The town apothecary (basically a medical quack). One of the more sympathetic townsfolk, Ned finds a new assistant for Grimes when no one else will help. Nieces 1 and 2 Soprano The nieces of Auntie. The best looking girls in town and as a result a major attraction of The Boar for the male population. Peter Grimes Tenor The title role. A mean, violent fisherman ostracised from the community. The anti-hero of the piece. Rev. Horace Adams The town rector. Mostly harmless. Swallow Bass A lawyer and town magistrate, and as a result one of the most powerful people in the town. He's also a bit of a bully. His major appearances bookend the opera. Synopsis Prologue and Act I - Running Time: 55 mins Prologue Peter Grimes’s apprentice has died at sea. At the town court the coroner questions him about his actions. His answers are far from satisfactory, but the court reaches the conclusion that the death was accidental. The crowd of townspeople disagree, braying for his punishment as Grimes rails against them. Only Ellen Orford comforts him against the force of the crowd Grimes on trial, Zurich Opera Act I Scene 1 The townsfolk sing of their daily grind with and against the sea. We are outside the town pub, operated by Auntie and her two nieces, where various local figures congregate. Grimes enters needing a new apprentice. Ned Keene, the apothecary, has found him one from the workhouse but Grimes needs someone to collect the boy for him. Grimes arrives at the pub, Royal Opera None are willing. Indeed they are actively resistant to Grimes having another boy. Eventually Elle


Who wrote the opera The Queen of Spades?

Tchaikovsky's 'The Queen of Spades' : NPR Tchaikovsky's 'The Queen of Spades' Tchaikovsky's 'The Queen of Spades' From the Vienna State Opera January 4, 200812:00 AM ET WHO'S WHO? Vienna State Opera Orchestra and Chorus Seiji Ozawa, conductor Hermann (tenor Neil Shicoff) finds himself alone with his obsessions in Tchaikovsky's The Queen of Spades at the Vienna State Opera. Axel Zeininger/Wiener Staatsoper GmbH hide caption toggle caption Axel Zeininger/Wiener Staatsoper GmbH Peter Ilyitch Tchaikovsky's The Queen of Spades is a first-rate example of great literature that's further enlightened when set to great music. The opera is based on a groundbreaking story by Alexander Pushkin. In it, he wrote that "two obsessions can no more exist in the same mind than two bodies can exist in the same space." If you doubt that statement, or think it's for the best, just read the story — or have a listen to Tchaikovsky's bleak, operatic version of the tale. Then think again. Pushkin's unfortunate hero is a fellow called Hermann, who seems to have a dysfunctional soul. He observes the social lives of his friends, but stays to himself and won't participate. When a beautiful woman offers him love and companionship, he brutally exploits her for personal gain. In short, Pushkin's Hermann isn't exactly a barrel of laughs. Still, his ultimate fate does seem like a natural byproduct of his flawed personality. Tchaikovsky's take on his story is every bit as grim as the original — and maybe grimmer, thanks to an extra layer of sentiment. In the opera, Hermann isn't quite such a cold fish — at least not at first. When he meets Lisa the two instantly fall in love, and he's overjoyed. But that love gets tangled up with obsessive greed and, in a way, the opera becomes even more tragic than Pushkin's story. Tchaikovsky gives Hermann every chance to live a meaningful and satisfying life — which in turn makes his self-destruction feel wildly irrational and sadly unnecessary. Article continues after sponsorship On World of Opera, host Lisa Simeone brings us a production of The Queen of Spades from one of the world's great musical venues, the Vienna State Opera, with renowned tenor Neil Shicoff starring as Hermann. The Story of 'The Queen of Spades' Email January 3, 20085:00 PM ET Obsessed and desperate, Hermann (Neil Shicoff) inadvertently kills the Countess (Anja Silja) in Tchaikovsky's The Queen of Spades, performed by the Vienna State Opera. Axel Zeininger/Wiener Staatsoper GmbH hide caption toggle caption Axel Zeininger/Wiener Staatsoper GmbH ACT ONE: The opera is set in 18th-century St. Petersburg, and the first scene is in the city's Summer Garden. Three Russian soldiers are talking about last night's card game — and about their friend Hermann, who watched the game but refused to join in. Hermann arrives and says he's in love with a woman he has never met; he has only watched her from a distance. A rich prince named Yeletsky announces his engagement to a young woman named Lisa, the granddaughter of an aging Countess. When Lisa and the Countess join Yeletsky, Hermann discovers that Lisa is the woman he has fallen for from afar. Yeletsky and the two women leave and Tomsky, one of Hermann's friends, tells the Countess' story. When she was young, she was a rabble-rouser in the casinos of Paris. Once, after she lost a bundle playing cards, a mysterious man offered her the secret to winning big at the tables, in exchange for certain favors. The secret was a special sequence of three cards. She later shared it with her husband and with a young lover. But the Countess was warned that when a third man asked for it, she would die. A storm comes up, and Hermann is left alone in the garden. He decides that the Countess' secret to winning at cards is also his secret to winning Lisa. She'd never accept him as he is — he's too poor. But maybe, if he wins enough money, he can also win Lisa's heart. In the second scene, Lisa is in her room with friends. Their singing disturbs the Countess, so the friends leave and Lisa is alone. We find that her engagement to Ye


In which US state was native American chief Sitting Bull killed?

Sitting Bull - Native American History - HISTORY.com Google Born in the Grand River Valley in what is now South Dakota , Sitting Bull, or Tatanka Yotanka, received early recognition from his tribe as a warrior and man of vision. During his youth he joined in the usual tribal raids for horses against traditional enemies such as the Crow and Assiniboin. Did You Know? The Lakota Sioux often used several names over the course of their lifetime. In his youth, Sitting Bull was known as "Jumping Badger." Because the Hunkpapa lived and hunted north of the early routes of western travel, Sitting Bull had little contact with whites until the Santee Sioux uprising in Minnesota in 1862. When the defeated Indians were driven west to the plains, he heard from them what life was like on a reservation. In July 1864, he was one of the defenders when Gen. Alfred Sully used artillery against a Teton encampment at Killdeer Mountain. It was during this period that Sitting Bull formed his resolve to keep his people away from the white man’s world and never to sign a treaty that would force them to live on a reservation. With other Sioux leaders he soon took his followers to the pristine valleys of the Powder and Yellowstone rivers where buffalo and other game were abundant. He continually warned his followers that their survival as free Indians depended upon the buffalo. During this time, Red Cloud of the Oglala subtribe was the leader of the Tetons, but Sitting Bull’s influence as a holy man was steadily growing. Beginning in the summer of 1865 columns of U.S. soldiers repeatedly invaded the Powder River country. Sitting Bull had occasional encounters with them, learning their ways of fighting, their strengths and weaknesses. After Red Cloud signed the Fort Laramie treaty of 1868, and then agreed to live on a reservation, his influence waned. Sitting Bull’s disdain for treaties and reservation life soon attracted a large following not only from the Sioux but from the Cheyenne and Arapaho. In 1873, he and Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer skirmished briefly while Custer was guarding surveyors for the Northern Pacific Railroad in Montana Territory. Three years later they met again on the Little Bighorn in the battle that made both men famous. Sitting Bull was not a war leader in that fight, but he had predicted that many soldiers would fall, and his followers believed that his magical powers had brought the victory. Although Sitting Bull survived, an aroused and vengeful army forced him to flee to Canada. In 1881 he returned to the United States, surrendered, and was held as a prisoner of war at Fort Randall, South Dakota Territory. After two years he was permitted to live on Standing Rock Reservation where he continued to use his influence to keep Sioux lands from being taken by the government. In 1885 he traveled for a season with Buffalo Bill Cody’s wild west show. The rise of the Ghost Dance, a tribal religion that proclaimed that all whites would disappear and dead Indians and buffalo would return, brought him into disfavor with government officials in 1890 because he made no effort to stop the dancing at Standing Rock. When Indian police were sent to arrest him on December 15, 1890, Sitting Bull was killed in a melee outside his cabin. The Reader’s Companion to American History. Eric Foner and John A. Garraty, Editors. Copyright © 1991 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved. Tags


Which flightless bird was found in Britain until nearly 200 years ago?

10 Animals That Became Extinct In Britain 10 Animals That Became Extinct In Britain Pin it Share There are hundreds of species that once roamed the British countryside that no longer exist on these shores. Some of these – such as the Eurasian beavers and white-tailed eagles – have been reintroduced, but many are gone, likely forever. Now, the likes of the small tortoiseshell butterfly, turtle dove and even hedgehog are all on endangered lists. These 10 animals that became extinct in Britain prove that species can and do disappear – and that we must do whatever we can to stop it happening with others.   View photos Grey wolf According historical records, and fossil finds, a great number of grey wolves once roamed throughout Britain and grew to the impressive size of arctic wolves. They were – unsurprisingly, given their nature – seen as a threat to livestock, meaning there were routinely hunted and eventually wiped out. There is some debate over when the last was killed. Some say Sutherland in 1621; others say Perthshire in 1680. However, there were reported sightings up until the late 19th century. (Taral Jansen/Soldatnytt/WikiCommons) View photos The Great Auk This flightless bird of the alcid family is one of a minority of animals that dwelled in Britain but became extinct globally (the others being the Irish elk and woolly mammoth). Cold weather may have contributed to a fall in numbers of the great auk, but it was hunting that wiped it out. So many of the birds were killed for their down feathers (which were used to make pillows), it received its first official protection in 1553. It took two centuries before killing them became illegal but, by then, it was too late. By 1844, none existed in the world.(WikiCommons) View photos Read More Lynx  This medium sized cat is native to Siberia, Asia as well as north, central and eastern Europe. It was once found in Britain, although is believed to have died out in 400AD (fossils were discovered in Craven, North Yorkshire and Sutherland in the Scottish Highlands). Curiously, there is some interest in reintroducing them to Britain to help control the deer population.  View photos Grey whale Another animal hunted to extinction, grey whales were found off the coasts of Britain up to 400 years ago. Whaling, which occurred wherever the mammals were found, was largely for meat, oil and blubber, and nearly completely wiped out the species globally. Remarkably, the eastern Pacific population has made a strong recovery and, since 1995, the grey whale is no longer been listed as endangered. Sadly, they remain extinct in Britain. (Ryan Harvey/Flickr)  View photos Norfolk damselfly The Norfolk damselfly is a species of blue damselfly, given its name because of its discovery in Norfolk Broads in 1903. This species is similar to others – including the now rediscovered dainty damselfly (which was believed to have become extinct because of flooding) – but no longer exists in Norfolk, or indeed Britain. The reason for its decline and eventual disappearance – thought to be in the 1950s – has been put down to the fact its breeding sites began drying up. (Sharp Photography/WikiCommons) View photos Brown bear  In 2015, a ‘rewilding’ plan looked at the possibility of reintroducing brown bears to Britain along with lynx and wolves. As a country, we’ve been slow to reintroduce our indigenous species, despite the EU promoting it, but it seems unlikely bears will be seen here again anytime soon. It’s actually been 1,000 years since the brown bear existed in Britain: they were wiped out by – you guessed it – hunting. Thankfully, large populations still exist across Eurasia today. View photos Irish elk The Irish elk is one of the largest deer to have ever existed. However, similar to the great auk, it is now globally extinct – and has been for a very, very long time. The most recent remains have been dated to about 7,700 years ago in Siberia, although most fossils were found in Ireland (hence the name). There are various theories as to why they were wiped out, which range from suggestions that their antl


What is the name for deliberately dwarfing trees and shrubs?

Add to Bookmarks For many of us, it's not too soon to be thinking about planting shrubs when the ground warms up. For the homeowner with a small piece of land or condo plot, or the gardener who wishes to spend more time enjoying the landscape than pruning it, dwarf shrubs are perfect choices. (Editor's Note: This article was originally published on March 16, 2009. Your comments are welcome, but please be aware that authors of previously published articles may not be able to promptly respond to new questions or comments.) If you’ve never heard the term “bones of the garden,” it’s not as peculiar as it seems. Landscape designers use the term to describe the structure or “skeleton” of the garden--the plantings which draw the eye to lines and structures, allowing other elements to flow from those main elements. Large shrubs have specific functions, as do trees. But the smaller shrubs are the workhorses of the garden, tying together or dividing different planting areas to present a pleasing picture. Small shrubs are defined as those reaching 5 feet or less at maturity. The true dwarf varieties seldom grow to more than 3 feet. These charming woody ornamentals can grace even the smallest yard or garden plot, as long as you take the time to choose the right plant for the right place. Hardiness is very important; this includes not only the winter hardiness, but other seasonal factors such as drought, extreme heat, rainfall, and drying winds. Soil conditions, level of moisture, light requirements, and exposure also play an important part in how well a shrub will perform. Another thing to consider is growth rate. Slow-growing specimens require less maintenance, so are better suited to areas where other plants with similar needs are located. This form of planning is called zones of maintenance. When should you plant new shrubs? Specimens that are known to be difficult to transplant or slow to become established should be planted in spring; this allows them a longer period of time to settle in. The majority of woody ornamentals and trees can be planted in the early fall as they enter a phase of growth slow-down in preparation for dormancy. If you’re planning to re-landscape your yard, or are just looking for some new and interesting elements in the garden, take a good look at dwarf shrubs. They’re little, but they are mighty! A List of Small or Dwarf Shrubs. (Drought-tolerant species are marked with **) Alberta spruce (Picea glauca albertinia ‘Conica’): 4 feet, popular dwarf evergreen. Zones 4 to 7 Alpine currant (Ribes alpinum): 2 to 3 feet, yellow, orange or red foliage, pink, red or white summer flowers. Zones 2a to 7b Arborvitae (Thuja occidentalis ‘Rheingold’): 3 feet, rich gold color becomes copper in fall. Zones 3 to 8 Azaleas and rhododendron-dwarf species: 1 to 3 feet, many colors. Zones 6b to 11 Balkan spike heath (Bruckenthalia spiculifolia): 10 inches, pale flowers mid-June, evergreen foliage. Zones 6 to 8 Balsam fir (Abies balsamea ‘Hudsonia’): 1 foot, slow growing. Zones 3 to 7 Bean’s broom (Cytisus x ‘Beanii’)** 18 inches, deep yellow flowers in early May, wide habit. Zones 6b to 9a Bearberry cotoneaster (Cotoneaster dammeri)** 3 feet, pink flowers in mid-June, followed by bright red berries in fall. Zones 5b to 8b Bluebeard (Caryopteris x clandonensis)** 2 to 3 feet, blue flowers in late summer. Zones 6 to 9 Bronx forsythia (forsythia viridissima ‘Bronxensis’): 2 feet, extreme dwarf habit, yellow flowers in spring. Zones 6 to 8 Bumald spirea (Spirae x bumalda var)** 2 feet, pink to crimson flowers bloom extended period. Zones 3 to 8 Bush cinquefoil (Potentilla fruticosa)** 2 to 4 feet, white to yellow flowers bloom over summer. Zones 2 to 6 Canby paxistima (Paxistima canbyi): 12 inches, evergreen, fall color bronze. Zones 3 to 7 Chenault coralberry (Symphoricarpos x chenaultii)** 3 feet, pink flowered spikes, red berries in fall. Zones 4 to 7 Compact Oregon hollygrape (Mahonia aquifolium ‘Compactum’): 2 feet, bright yellow flowers in early May, fruit blue-black, evergreen foliage turns bronze in winter. Zones 5a to 9b


Who directed the film Citizen Kane (1941)?

Citizen Kane (1941) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC Following the death of a publishing tycoon, news reporters scramble to discover the meaning of his final utterance. Director: Herman J. Mankiewicz (original screen play), Orson Welles (original screen play) Stars: Famous Directors: From Sundance to Prominence From Christopher Nolan to Quentin Tarantino and every Coen brother in between, many of today's most popular directors got their start at the Sundance Film Festival . Here's a list of some of the biggest names to go from Sundance to Hollywood prominence. a list of 36 titles created 07 Dec 2011 a list of 30 titles created 28 May 2012 a list of 39 titles created 28 Nov 2015 a list of 41 titles created 9 months ago a list of 26 titles created 1 month ago Search for " Citizen Kane " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won     1     Oscar. Another    7 wins & 12 nominations. See more awards  » Videos In Casablanca, Morocco in December 1941, a cynical American expatriate meets a former lover, with unforeseen complications. Director: Michael Curtiz A San Francisco detective suffering from acrophobia investigates the strange activities of an old friend's wife, all the while becoming dangerously obsessed with her. Director: Alfred Hitchcock A Phoenix secretary embezzles $40,000 from her employer's client, goes on the run, and checks into a remote motel run by a young man under the domination of his mother. Director: Alfred Hitchcock A hapless New York advertising executive is mistaken for a government agent by a group of foreign spies, and is pursued across the country while he looks for a way to survive. Director: Alfred Hitchcock An insane general triggers a path to nuclear holocaust that a war room full of politicians and generals frantically try to stop. Director: Stanley Kubrick A wheelchair-bound photographer spies on his neighbours from his apartment window and becomes convinced one of them has committed murder. Director: Alfred Hitchcock A hack screenwriter writes a screenplay for a former silent-film star who has faded into Hollywood obscurity. Director: Billy Wilder During the Vietnam War, Captain Willard is sent on a dangerous mission into Cambodia to assassinate a renegade colonel who has set himself up as a god among a local tribe. Director: Francis Ford Coppola     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8.3/10 X   In future Britain, Alex DeLarge, a charismatic and psycopath delinquent, who likes to practice crimes and ultra-violence with his gang, is jailed and volunteers for an experimental aversion therapy developed by the government in an effort to solve society's crime problem - but not all goes according to plan. Director: Stanley Kubrick An insurance representative lets himself be talked into a murder/insurance fraud scheme that arouses an insurance investigator's suspicions. Director: Billy Wilder Humanity finds a mysterious, obviously artificial object buried beneath the Lunar surface and, with the intelligent computer H.A.L. 9000, sets off on a quest. Director: Stanley Kubrick After refusing to attack an enemy position, a general accuses the soldiers of cowardice and their commanding officer must defend them. Director: Stanley Kubrick Edit Storyline A group of reporters are trying to decipher the last word ever spoken by Charles Foster Kane, the millionaire newspaper tycoon: "Rosebud." The film begins with a news reel detailing Kane's life for the masses, and then from there, we are shown flashbacks from Kane's life. As the reporters investigate further, the viewers see a display of a fascinating man's rise to fame, and how he eventually fell off the top of the world. Written by Zack H. 5 September 1941 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: Did You Know? T


According to the Old Testament of the Bible, who consulted the witch of Endor?

1 Samuel 28 Commentary - Saul consults a witch at Endor. - BibleGateway.com View 1 Samuel Saul consults a witch at Endor. When we go from the plain path of duty, every thing draws us further aside, and increases our perplexity and temptation. Saul desires the woman to bring one from the dead, with whom he wished to speak; this was expressly forbidden, De 18:11. All real or pretended witchcraft or conjuration, is a malicious or an ignorant attempt to gain knowledge or help from some creature, when it cannot be had from the Lord in the path of duty. While Samuel was living, we never read of Saul's going to advise with him in any difficulties; it had been well for him if he had. But now he is dead, to �Bring me up Samuel. to � Many who despise and persecute God's saints and ministers when living, would be glad to have them again, when they are gone. The whole shows that it was no human fraud or trick. Though the woman could not cause Samuel's being sent, yet Saul's inquiry might be the occasion of it. The woman's surprise and terror proved that it was an unusual and unexpected appearance. Saul had despised Samuel's solemn warnings in his lifetime, yet now that he hoped, as in defiance of God, to obtain some counsel and encouragement from him, might not God permit the soul of his departed prophet to appear to Saul, to confirm his former sentence, and denounce his doom? The expression, to �Thou and thy sons shall be with me, to � means no more than that they shall be in the eternal world. There appears much solemnity in God's permitting the soul of a departed prophet to come as a witness from heaven, to confirm the word he had spoken on earth. (1Sa 28:20-25) Previous commentary:


In which British county are the rivers Taw, Torridge and Teign?

Torridge - Wikipedia, Photos and Videos Torridge NEXT GO TO RESULTS [51 .. 100] WIKIPEDIA ARTICLE 380.4 sq mi (985.3 km2) Area rank .uk Torridge is a local government district in North Devon , England. Its council is based in Bideford . Other towns and villages in the district include Holsworthy , Great Torrington , Hartland and Westward Ho! . The island of Lundy is administratively part of the district. To the south of the district bordering Cornwall, near Welcombe , the rugged coastline has a wild untouched beauty, due to its inaccessibility, but the South West Coast Path is well defined. The district is named after the River Torridge . Contents The district was formed on 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972 , by the merger of the boroughs of Bideford and Great Torrington, the Northam urban district , Bideford Rural District , Holsworthy Rural District and Torrington Rural District . [1] Torridge District Council is elected every four years, with currently 36 councillors being elected at each election. Independents have had a strong presence on the council for much of its history, with no political party having won a majority until 2015. [2] However at the 2015 election the Conservative party won a small majority of 2 with 19 of the seats on the council and as of the last election in 2015 the council is composed of the following councillors. [3] Party Services[ edit ] Services provided by West Devon Borough Council to the local community include the administration of council tax and local benefits, transportation services, road maintenance, the provision of car parking services, the collection of refuse and the recycling of waste, planning and building control, housing services, the provision of sport and leisure facilities, libraries, schools and colleges, social care and health, environmental services, business-related services and contingency planning. [4] TorridgeCVS is a charitable organisation providing vulnerable people across the Torridge district with day-to-day living assistance. It provides advice, befriending schemes, support for carers, help to older people and help with charitable fund-raising, liaising with voluntary and community groups where necessary. It offers placements for individuals who want to get more involved in their local communities and relies on local volunteers, with over 2000 volunteers registered. It has been in operation since 1988 and is a member of NAVCA, the National Association for Voluntary and Community Action, being largely funded by Devon County Council and Torridge District Council. [5]


The village of Borstal that gave its name to institutions for juvenile criminals is in which British county?

Is it time to bring back BORSTAL? Tough discipline, education and military role models do a better job than prison, claims star of TV trial | Daily Mail Online Is it time to bring back BORSTAL? Tough discipline, education and military role models do a better job than prison, claims star of TV trial Jenny Molloy plays the role of matron in a new TV experiment She is a social care expert and was brought up in care herself Bring Back Borstal sees 13 troubled teens recreate 1930s system Involved ex-military instructors, lots of exercise and tough discipline Molloy says borstal can do wonders for delinquent teenagers  comments Like so many of the troubled teenagers she sees, Jenny Molloy, an education and social care expert, was once in care. Today, she is the author of two books and is appears in a TV experiment which sees 13 troubled teens volunteer to become guinea pigs for a modern version of borstal. Ms Molloy, who took on the role of matron during the trial, is convinced of its merits, saying the harsh regime of tough discipline and ex-military staff worked wonders on the boys left in her care. Scroll down for video  In charge: Jenny Molloy plays the role of matron in new TV experiment, Bring Back Borstal Discipline: Molloy says enforcing boundaries is key to successful rehabilitation 'So many care leavers are just devoid of any hope,' she explains. 'They end up in prison and you see them just give up.' Many would have once ended up in Britain's borstal system. The youth detention centres, all intended to reform young delinquents, were once widespread in the UK but were shut down en masse in 1982. While the famously harsh regime dealt out to the young offenders in their care attracted its fair share of critics, Molloy says routine and rules are essential if troubled teens are to be turned around. 'They need the right discipline,' she explains. 'You have to put boundaries in place immediately but it is about making it a safe place to grow and learn.  'A lot of these lads have never had this. In care, you move around and different people have different rules so they never have the chance to establish a set of boundaries. 'There needs to be firm boundaries in place and I never once budged from mine during the experiment.  'Teenagers need to learn the world has rules. But if they don't have boundaries, they just think the world is unfair and give up.' That, says Molloy, leads to petty crime as a result of the children feeling hopeless, unloved and unsure of their place in the world. Although the problems aren't limited to care leavers, Molloy says she is heartbroken by the numbers that end up in youth offenders institutions or in prison.  RELATED ARTICLES Share this article Share 'I worked in prisons and young offender institutions and what broke my heart was number of care leavers,' she explains. 'I hope this experiment shows the public that they shouldn't be written off.' Manners: She enforced strict discipline at meal times in the hope the boys would learn social skills Volunteers: 13 boys, some with criminal convictions, were guinea pigs in the modern day borstal Tough: The borstal was run by ex-military staff such as Chief Officer Dugan who was a soldier for 25 years BORSTAL EXPLAINED  Borstals, a type of youth detention centre run by the prison system, were once widespread in the UK. They were first mooted by the Gladstone Committee in 1895 and the first one opened at Borstal Prison in the Kent village of the same name in 1902. The regime was intended to be educational rather than punitive, although the routine was famously tough with a focus on discipline. Corporal punishment was meted out to miscreants, although it was limited to the birch - in which an offender is beaten on the bottom using a slim wooden rod. Reoffending rates were low, with just 30 per cent going on to a life of crime compared to an estimated 75 per cent of those to pass through young offenders institutions. Nevertheless, the borstal system was shut down en masse in 1982 and replaced with the young offenders institutions still in place today. Led


According to the book of Revelations in the New Testament of the Bible, where were the kings of the earth gathered for battle?

The Book of Revelation (KJV King James Version) Bible, King James Version (KJV) Revelation Rev.1 [1] The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave unto him, to shew unto his servants things which must shortly come to pass; and he sent and signified it by his angel unto his servant John: [2] Who bare record of the word of God, and of the testimony of Jesus Christ, and of all things that he saw. [3] Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the words of this prophecy, and keep those things which are written therein: for the time is at hand. [4] John to the seven churches which are in Asia: Grace be unto you, and peace, from him which is, and which was, and which is to come; and from the seven Spirits which are before his throne; [5] And from Jesus Christ, who is the faithful witness, and the first begotten of the dead, and the prince of the kings of the earth. Unto him that loved us, and washed us from our sins in his own blood, [6] And hath made us kings and priests unto God and his Father; to him be glory and dominion for ever and ever. Amen. [7] Behold, he cometh with clouds; and every eye shall see him, and they also which pierced him: and all kindreds of the earth shall wail because of him. Even so, Amen. [8] I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the ending, saith the Lord, which is, and which was, and which is to come, the Almighty. [9] I John, who also am your brother, and companion in tribulation, and in the kingdom and patience of Jesus Christ, was in the isle that is called Patmos, for the word of God, and for the testimony of Jesus Christ. [10] I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day, and heard behind me a great voice, as of a trumpet, [11] Saying, I am Alpha and Omega, the first and the last: and, What thou seest, write in a book, and send it unto the seven churches which are in Asia; unto Ephesus, and unto Smyrna, and unto Pergamos, and unto Thyatira, and unto Sardis, and unto Philadelphia, and unto Laodicea. [12] And I turned to see the voice that spake with me. And being turned, I saw seven golden candlesticks; [13] And in the midst of the seven candlesticks one like unto the Son of man, clothed with a garment down to the foot, and girt about the paps with a golden girdle. [14] His head and his hairs were white like wool, as white as snow; and his eyes were as a flame of fire; [15] And his feet like unto fine brass, as if they burned in a furnace; and his voice as the sound of many waters. [16] And he had in his right hand seven stars: and out of his mouth went a sharp twoedged sword: and his countenance was as the sun shineth in his strength. [17] And when I saw him, I fell at his feet as dead. And he laid his right hand upon me, saying unto me, Fear not; I am the first and the last: [18] I am he that liveth, and was dead; and, behold, I am alive for evermore, Amen; and have the keys of hell and of death. [19] Write the things which thou hast seen, and the things which are, and the things which shall be hereafter; [20] The mystery of the seven stars which thou sawest in my right hand, and the seven golden candlesticks. The seven stars are the angels of the seven churches: and the seven candlesticks which thou sawest are the seven churches. Rev.2 [1] Unto the angel of the church of Ephesus write; These things saith he that holdeth the seven stars in his right hand, who walketh in the midst of the seven golden candlesticks; [2] I know thy works, and thy labour, and thy patience, and how thou canst not bear them which are evil: and thou hast tried them which say they are apostles, and are not, and hast found them liars: [3] And hast borne, and hast patience, and for my name's sake hast laboured, and hast not fainted. [4] Nevertheless I have somewhat against thee, because thou hast left thy first love. [5] Remember therefore from whence thou art fallen, and repent, and do the first works; or else I will come unto thee quickly, and will remove thy candlestick out of his place, except thou repent. [6] But this thou hast, that thou hatest the deeds of the N


The state of Malta consists of several islands - which is second in size to Malta itself?

Where is Malta located on the map of Europe? You are here: Home » About Malta » Where is Malta located? Malta Where is Malta located on the map? Heard about Malta somewhere and looking for its location on the world map? You’ve come to the right place! Where is Malta located? The island of Malta is a small independent nation state in the centre of the Mediterranean in Europe and is the EU’s smallest member state. Looking at the map of Europe, Malta lies just 93 km (58 miles) South of Sicily (Italy) in Southern Europe and roughly 300 km (186 miles) North from the North African coast.   Malta is an island nation that consists of three islands: main island Malta , Gozo and Comino . The country’s official languages are Maltese and English. Malta’s capital city is Valletta, which is centrally located on the island’s North coast and has the island’s largest harbour. The main island of Malta is the largest and most developed island. Its sister island of Gozo is idyllic and peaceful and mostly rural, offering breathtaking views and great opportunities for outdoor activities, such has hiking, biking and rock climbing. Comino is the smallest island of the three and is inhabited by only a few people. The island hosts a hotel renowned for its hospitality and facilities to spend relaxing holidays in Malta and is the location for one of Malta’s most beautiful bays: the Blue Lagoon. How big is Malta? The size of Malta’s population is roughly 400,000 whilst its geographical size is limited to around 316 square kilometres and as a result, Malta ranks highly on the list of most densely populated countries in the world. The leading religion in Malta is Roman Catholicism, followed by the vast majority of the population. Travelling to Malta? Get FREE travel tips!


On which river is St Petersburg situated?

Neva River in St. Petersburg, Russia Neva River Neva River The Neva River is an essential part of St. Petersburg's charm. Many generations of locals and visitors to the city have been completely enraptured by long, evening walks along the banks of the Neva during the city's famous White Nights . Very few things can be more romantic than strolling along the Neva's granite-clad embankments and admiring the city's open bridges , the marvelous architecture and the large ships as they pass by. Neva River Since the foundation of the city, the Neva was intended to be the "main street of the city". Throughout most of the 18th century there were no bridges across the river and people were ferried from one bank to the other, just the way Peter the Great intended when he founded his "Venice of the North". The Neva River is only 46 miles long and flows from Lake Ladoga to the Gulf of Finland, in the eastern part of the Baltic Sea. Before joining the Baltic, the Neva splits into several branches forming a delta, where downtown St. Petersburg is located. On average the river is 1300-2000 feet wide, but near the Peter and Paul fortress and the Hermitage it exceeds 2600 feet. The river is covered with ice between mid-December and early April and during this period ships are unable to navigate the river. But, whatever the season, the Neva River is a wonderful accompaniment to the architectural splendor of the Winter Palace and Hermitage , the Admiralty , the Peter and Paul fortress , the Summer Gardens and the major landmarks that stand on its banks. MEMBER SERVICES


According to the New Testament of the Bible, where is referred to as the town of David?

Bible prophecies fulfilled by birth of Jesus Christ Bible prophecies fulfilled: Bible prophecies fulfilled by Jesus' birth Below is a selection of prophecies in the Bible that found fulfillment in the birth of Jesus the Messiah about 2,000 years ago. The commentaries below are from the second edition of the book, 100 Prophecies, by George Konig and Ray Konig, who are the authors and copyright holders of the material. The commentaries are reprinted here with written permission from the authors. The third edition, revised and expanded, of 100 Prophecies: Ancient Biblical prophecies that foretold the future is available through Amazon.com. Isaiah foreshadowed the virgin birth of Jesus Bible prophecy: Isaiah 7:14 Prophecy written: Between 701-681 BC Prophecy fulfilled: About 5 BC In Isaiah 7:14, the prophet Isaiah addresses the "house of David," meaning the family and descendants of King David, and speaks of a virgin being pregnant with a child, and giving birth to the child. Isaiah says this in the context of it being a sign from God. He also says that the child would be referred to as "Immanuel," which means, "God with us." The New Testament books of Matthew and Luke record details involving the birth of Jesus, who was born about 700 years after the time of Isaiah, saying that he was born of the virgin Mary and is the Son of God. Because he is the Son of God, Jesus literally can be referred to as "God with us." Non-Christian scholars have challenged this interpretation. They say that the Hebrew word "almah," which is the word that Christian Bibles often translate as "virgin," actually means "young maiden" or "young woman." It should be noted that the Old Testament uses the word to refer to young, unmarried women, and that unmarried women were culturally and religiously expected to be virgins. One example can be found in Genesis 24:43, where it speaks of a person being sought as a bride for Isaac. Isaiah 7:14 (NIV): Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign: The virgin will be with child and will give birth to a son, and will call him Immanuel. The Messiah would be born in Bethlehem Bible prophecy: Micah 5:1-2 Prophecy written: Sometime between 750-686 BC Prophecy fulfilled: About 5 BC In Micah 5:2, there is a prophecy that reveals that Bethlehem would be the birthplace of the Messiah. As pointed out in the book, 100 Prophecies, by George Konig and Ray Konig: "The prophecy is effective in a simple way: It eliminates all other cities and towns throughout the world as a place in which the Messiah could be born. It narrows the possibilities to one tiny village just south of Jerusalem." And throughout the span of the past 27 centuries, from the days of the prophet Micah up through the present time, Bethlehem is credited as being the birthplace for only one person who is widely known throughout the world. And that person is Jesus Christ. The New Testament books of Matthew and Luke name the town of Bethlehem as the birthplace of Jesus. Matthew 2:1-6 describes the birth of Jesus as the fulfillment of Micah's prophecy. In recent years, however, some non-believers have attempted to discredit Matthew's interpretation of Micah 5:2 by claiming that the prophecy refers to a person named Bethlehem, not a town name Bethlehem. This claim has been widely circulated on the Internet by a college professor who describes himself as a former Christian minister. The first problem with this claim appears in Micah 5:1. In that verse, the prophet establishes that he is speaking of Bethlehem the town, not Bethlehem the person, by setting up a context in which he contrasts the great city of Jerusalem with the humble town of Bethlehem. A second problem with the claim is that there is also evidence outside of the Bible that shows that Micah 5:2 was regarded as a Messianic prophecy involving the town of Bethlehem. Here is an excerpt from the Jerusalem Talmud, which is a collection of Judaism-related writings completed about 1600 years ago: "The King Messiah... from where does he come forth? From the royal city of Bethlehem in Judah." - Jerusalem Ta


Who wrote the General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money in 1936?

John Maynard Keynes: The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics | Library of Economics and Liberty | Biographies | John Maynard Keynes So influential was John Maynard Keynes in the middle third of the twentieth century that an entire school of modern thought bears his name. Many of his ideas were revolutionary; almost all were controversial. Keynesian economics serves as a sort of yardstick that can define virtually all economists who came after him. Keynes was born in Cambridge and attended King’s College, Cambridge, where he earned his degree in mathematics in 1905. He remained there for another year to study under alfred marshall and arthur pigou , whose scholarship on the quantity theory of money led to Keynes’s Tract on Monetary Reform many years later. After leaving Cambridge, Keynes took a position with the civil service in Britain. While there, he collected the material for his first book in economics, Indian Currency and Finance, in which he described the workings of India’s monetary system. He returned to Cambridge in 1908 as a lecturer, then took a leave of absence to work for the British Treasury. He worked his way up quickly through the bureaucracy and by 1919 was the Treasury’s principal representative at the peace conference at Versailles. He resigned because he thought the Treaty of Versailles was overly burdensome for the Germans. After resigning, he returned to Cambridge to resume teaching. A prominent journalist and speaker, Keynes was one of the famous Bloomsbury Group of literary greats, which also included Virginia Woolf and Bertrand Russell. At the 1944 Bretton Woods Conference, where the International Monetary Fund was established, Keynes was one of the architects of the postwar system of fixed exchange rates (see Foreign Exchange ). In 1925 he married the Russian ballet dancer Lydia Lopokova. He was made a lord in 1942. Keynes died on April 21, 1946, survived by his father, John Neville Keynes, also a renowned economist in his day. Keynes became a celebrity before becoming one of the most respected economists of the century when his eloquent book The Economic Consequences of the Peace was published in 1919. Keynes wrote it to object to the punitive reparations payments imposed on Germany by the Allied countries after World War I. The amounts demanded by the Allies were so large, he wrote, that a Germany that tried to pay them would stay perpetually poor and, therefore, politically unstable. We now know that Keynes was right. Besides its excellent economic analysis of reparations, Keynes’s book contains an insightful analysis of the Council of Four (Georges Clemenceau of France, Prime Minister David Lloyd George of Britain, President Woodrow Wilson of the United States, and Vittorio Orlando of Italy). Keynes wrote: “The Council of Four paid no attention to these issues [which included making Germany and Austro-Hungary into good neighbors], being preoccupied with others—Clemenceau to crush the economic life of his enemy, Lloyd George to do a deal and bring home something which would pass muster for a week, the President to do nothing that was not just and right” ( chap. 6, para. 2 ). In the 1920s Keynes was a believer in the quantity theory of money (today called monetarism ). His writings on the topic were essentially built on the principles he had learned from his mentors, Marshall and Pigou. In 1923 he wrote Tract on Monetary Reform, and later he published Treatise on Money, both on monetary policy . His major policy view was that the way to stabilize the economy is to stabilize the price level, and that to do that the government’s central bank must lower interest rates when prices tend to rise and raise them when prices tend to fall. Keynes’s ideas took a dramatic change, however, as unemployment in Britain dragged on during the interwar period, reaching levels as high as 20 percent. Keynes investigated other causes of Britain’s economic woes, and The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money was the result. Keynes’s General Theory revolutionized the way economists think about economics. It w


Which sea lies between Australia and New Zealand?

FMCA 39 Day Australia & New Zealand Itinerary OUTBACK & dOWN uNDER ...AN RV ADVENTURE THROUGH NEW ZEALAND AND AUSTRALIA! Fantasy RV Tours is the premier choice in Down-Under RVing. Your adventure begins with deluxe accommodations in Christchurch, NZ where we will get acquainted and orientated for our 23 days filled with brilliant sites, wonderful activities and awe-inspiring moments. We will explore this country from tip-to-toe and every niche between. The mountain tops glisten with snow and the sunny beaches are warm and inviting – while the lush rainforests and raging waterfalls provide a tropical touch of botanicals and wildlife. New Zealand is a treasure chest of diverse terrain. The intermingling of cultures has resulted in a community of good-natured ‘Kiwis’ …a common name for New Zealanders. Our meandering tour through New Zealand will deliver us to, award winning wineries, thermal hot springs and a city of ancient trees before we reach the grand city of Auckland. Across the Tasman Sea lies Australia – the land of the unexpected! Unique onto itself, Australia is filled with rare and exciting wildlife. You’ll enjoy 15 days with face-to-face experiences with Kangaroos and Koalas …the opportunity to hold a wombat and laugh at the antics of the ‘thieving’ Kookaburras. Exotic and spectacular are the Great Barrier Reef and the glittering coral islands that rise above the sea. The harbors are rich with a wealth of underwater creatures …the lands are painted with exotic flowers and peculiar animals. There is no land like the one which unfolds before your very eyes. From oceans to the ‘outback’ – Aussies to Aboriginals…the eastern shore offers a spectrum of culture, wildlife and landscape. What more could an RVer dream of than this exotic Fantasy experience. This dream vacation can also include:


Glen Shee, Glencoe and Glen Ample are all varieties of which fruit?

Glen Doll The Institute's raspberries are all named after Scottish valleys or glens, so you will find Glen Ample (the number one variety in the UK) and Glen Lyon (the number one variety in Spain) and Glen Doll that was released in 2006. The James Hutton Institute currently breeds raspberries for the Scottish Raspberry Breeding Consortium that includes growers, marketing organisations, and propagators involved in the UK raspberry industry with additional support from the Scottish Executive and the Horticultural Development Council. Once promising genotypes are identified in the breeding programme, they are propagated for small trials on commercial farms in a diversity of sites and cropping systems. Here, they are evaluated for 2-3 years and valuable feedback is given on agronomy and harvesting in a commercial situation. There are several promising new selections currently under evaluation. Once a year the Scottish Society for Crop Research holds a 'Fruit Walk' when it is possible to see and taste new and developing varieties . The picture below was taken on an SSCR Fruit Walk in 2005.


Gala, Jonagold and Pink Lady are all varieties of which fruit?

Our Fruit OUR FRUIT SOCIAL MEDIA OUR FRUIT Through the years Allan Brothers has earned its reputation as one of the premier growers and packers of Washington State apples and cherries. Allan Brothers only grows those varieties that are in demand by the consumer. The following is a list of varieties, with most available in conventional and organic growing methods: Aztec Fuji


The Hall of Arts and Sciences that was opened in 1871 is better known now as what?

Royal Albert Hall opened by Queen Victoria: archive, 30 March 1871 | Music | The Guardian Share on Messenger Close The Royal Albert Hall of Arts and Sciences, at Kensington, was opened yesterday by the Queen. We need not here trace the history of the movement of which this capacious hall is the result; nor will it be necessary for us to describe the purposes to which the building will be devoted. The locality and the title sufficiently indicate whence it sprung and what objects it is intended to serve. The inauguration - we suppose we must use the hateful word - though a state ceremonial in the fullest acceptation of the term, had none of the heavy pomp so common to such spectacles. It was grand, but had the merit of simplicity, and the programme presented a certain fitness to the occasion which one often misses in great public pageants. At ten o’clock the doors were thrown open, and the box owners and invited guests began to assemble. In less than an hour the building was more than half filled, and every minute added to the throng. In the arena accommodation was afforded for the mayors of those towns that had contributed £100 or upwards to the Great Exhibition of 1851. The mayors, 60 or 70 in number, were placed in a body close to the dais. Their scarlet robes formed a ruddy centre-piece to the mass of variegated colour which rose from the floor through amphitheatre and boxes, balcony and gallery, till its more delicate shades were lost in the giddy height of the uppermost seats. The mayors of Manchester, Blackburn, Bolton, Bradford, Hull, Halifax, Macclesfield, Sheffield, Stockport, Wigan, and the Lord Mayor of York were invited, and it was said that all were present. Behind the civic dignitaries sat some score or so of military officers, deputy lieutenants, and a few divines. Conspicuous among the latter by his little velvet skullcap and pleasant thoughtful features sat the Dean of Westminster, chatting with the Bishop of London , who wore the soutane and lawn sleeves, for His Lordship was to take part in the day’s ceremonial. The remainder of the arena and the amphitheatre were filled by representatives of the press and the general public. In one of the lower boxes were Mr. Disraeli and Lady Beaconsfield. In a box a few yards off were the members of the Burmese Embassy. In an adjoining compartment were Sir Thomas and Lady Bazley; and overhead, in the centre or grand tier, occupying the box of the Prince of Wales, were the Duke of Cambridge, the Prince of Teck, and the Princess Mary. At the west end of this tier, flanking the orchestra, was the box for the foreign ambassadors, which was crowded with diplomatists in official costume, many of them carrying a perfect load of stars and decorations. Baron Brunnow, Count Bernstorff, Count Apponyi, and Musurus Pasha were easily recognisable; and as many of the number were accompanied by ladies this box was the most brilliant and conspicuous in the building. The eastern end of the grand tier, directly opposite the ambassadors, was devoted to Her Majesty’s Ministers. Among those present were Mr. Gladstone, the Duke of Argyll, Lord Halifax, Lord Kimberley, Mr. Cardwell, Mr. Monsell, Mr. Forster, and Mr. Stensfeld. They, too, were accompanied by ladies, and were in official dress. The upper tier and balcony were well occupied, but the place would have held 2,000 or 3,000 more, and the spectacle would have been all the better; for the building is so vast, so far beyond any similar structure in Europe, larger even than the Scala at Milan, or the great theatres of Venice and Naples, that it is only when it is filled in every part that it can be seen to advantage. Pinterest A recent photograph of the Royal Albert Hall, Kensington, London. Photograph: Flip Wibbly Jelly/Alamy At half-past twelve o’clock, after the military band behind the organ had played its last tune, and the Yeomen of the Guard had been ranked each in his proper place along the platform over the arena from the main entrance to the dais, there was a stir at the top of the staircase, and the cheers of the outside pub


St Enoch's station is/was in which British city?

Glasgow, St Enoch Station | Canmore Glasgow, St Enoch Station Alternative Name(s) St Enoch Square Canmore ID 44333 Ordnance Survey licence number 100057073. All rights reserved. © Copyright and database right 2017. 3/1921 SC 1315618 Glasgow, general view, showing George Square and Central and St Enoch Stations. Oblique aerial photograph taken facing west. This image has been produced from a print. © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795486 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795465 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 768377 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 753769 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 411502 RAF National Survey (Air Photographs), 1944-1950 28/3/1948 © RCAHMS DP 093449 View from NW of St Enoch Station Hotel, Glasgow. Since demolished. Titled: 'St Enochs Station Hotel, Glasgow. 2519 J.V'. © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733577 View from SE showing ESE and SSW fronts of central awning with main part of station in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588679 Glasgow, St. Enoch Station View from NE showing ESE front of hotel with ESE front of station in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 1437852 Albert Bridge to George V Bridge Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland. Oblique aerial photograph taken facing North/West. This image was marked by AeroPictorial Ltd for photo editing. © Crown Copyright: HES SC 1437741 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733571 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 796391 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 796389 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795468 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733574 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733572 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 676214 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 1438187 St Enoch's Square and Station and Argyll Street Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland. Oblique aerial photograph taken facing North/West. © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588864 Glasgow, St. Enoch Station View from SE showing diesel intercity set (Ayr train) with station in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588856 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume DP 195248 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795480 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795478 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795464 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733579 View from SE showing ESE and SSW fronts of S awning with main part of station in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588861 Glasgow, St. Enoch Station View from W showing base of lamp standard with signal box and engine shed in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588857 Glasgow, St. Enoch Station View from W showing lamp standard with signal box and engine shed in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 361950 Detail of ironwork on the roof of the South train shed, St. Enoch Station, Glasgow. The station closed in 1966 and the building was demolished in 1977. Now the site of the St Enoch Centre. © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795490 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795484 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795472 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733578 View from SE showing ESE and SSW fronts of S awning with main part of station in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 676213 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588862 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 356569 © RCAHMS SC 1315411 Glasgow, general view, showing St Enoch Station and Argyle Street, Glasgow. Oblique aerial photograph taken facing north-west. This image has been produced from a marked print. © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733580 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 648791 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588855 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 367288 Interior view of departure board and kiosks, St Enoch Station, Glasgow. The station closed in 1966 and the building w


In a symphony orchestra, which is the smallest woodwind instrument?

Instruments of the Orchestra: The Woodwind Family   Instrument Families When we talk about musical instruments, we often talk about them as being part of a family. That's because, just like in human families, the instruments in a particular family are related to each other. They are often made of the same types of materials, usually look similar to one another, and produce sound in comparable ways. Some are larger and some are smaller, just as parents are bigger than children. The Woodwind Family The instruments in this family all used to be made of wood, which gives them their name. Today, they are made of wood, metal, plastic or some combination. They are all basically narrow cylinders or pipes, with holes, an opening at the bottom end and a mouthpiece at the top. You play them by blowing air through the mouthpiece (that's the "wind" in "woodwind") and opening or closing the holes with your fingers to change the pitch. Metal caps called keys cover the holes of most woodwind instruments. The mouthpieces for some woodwinds, including the clarinet, oboe and bassoon, use a thin piece of wood called a reed, which vibrates when you blow across it. The clarinet uses a single reed made of one piece of wood, while the oboe and bassoon use a double reed made of two pieces joined together. Just as with the stringed instruments, the smaller woodwinds play higher pitches while the longer and larger instruments play the lower notes. The woodwind family of instruments includes, from the highest sounding instruments to the lowest, the piccolo , flute , oboe , English horn , clarinet , E-flat clarinet , bass clarinet , bassoon and contrabassoon .


In 1927 the capital of Australia was established in Canberra. Where had it the previous capital been?

Canberra – Australia's capital city | australia.gov.au Canberra – Australia's capital city Australian architecture Canberra – Australia's capital city Canberra, in the Australian Capital Territory, is Australia's capital city. After Federation in 1901, a site for the capital was sought, and Canberra was selected. The Australian Capital Territory was declared on 1 January 1911 and an international competition was held to design the new capital city of Australia. The competition was won by a submission from American architect Walter Burley Griffin with drawings drafted by Marion Mahony Griffin. Craig Mackenzie, Two Aboriginal Australian men participating in a smoking ceremony to mark the Apology to the Stolen Generations at Parliament House, Canberra, 13 February 2008. Image courtesy of the National Library of Australia: nla.int-nl39844-cm18 You are on Ngunnawal land - Canberra For 21,000 years the Canberra region has been home to the Ngunnawal people. Evidence of their long occupation exists in archeological evidence found at Birrigai Rock Shelter at Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve, in rock paintings in Namadgi National Park and in other places throughout the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). When Europeans settled the area in the early 1820s hundreds of Aboriginals lived in the area, meeting regularly for corroborees and feasts and then breaking off into smaller bands. The Aborigines moved about to take advantage of seasonal foods, such as bogong moths which arrived in their thousands during the summer months. As elsewhere in Australia, European settlement disrupted Aboriginal patterns of land use and movement across the country, and many Aborigines died from European-brought diseases like influenza, smallpox and tuberculosis. Aborigines continued to live in the area, often working on sheep properties, their numbers diminished by illness and starvation, their culture and language in decline. Canberra, a good sheep station spoiled In 1815 a road was constructed across the Blue Mountains to Bathurst Plains, and by 1820 a road to Goulburn Plains (which lie within 100 kilometres of Canberra) was under construction, opening up the vast interior of Australia to further exploration and development. Albert R Peters, Sheep near [Old] Parliament House, 1940s. Image courtesy of the National Library of Australia: nla.pic-an23389536. In 1820 explorers Joseph Wild, James Vaughan and Charles Throsby Smith discovered the Limestone Plains of the Canberra region, following the discovery of Lake George earlier that year. They crossed the range of hills beside Lake George and reached a point from which they saw what is now the site of Canberra. The first European settler in the district was Joshua John Moore who established a stock station called 'Canberry'. It's thought the name Canberry is based on an Aboriginal name for the area 'Kamberra' or 'Kambery'. The middle of Moore's property is approximately where Canberra's city centre is currently sited. In 1913 Canberra became the official name for the area. A capital city for Australia Subsequent to Federation in 1901, the Commonwealth Parliament was formed. The grand opening ceremony was held on 9 May 1901 in Melbourne's Exhibition Building. The Commonwealth Parliament continued to sit in Melbourne as the site of the national capital was not yet decided. Design of the lay out of the Federal Capital City of Australia as projected by the Departmental Board, 1912. Image courtesy of the National Archives of Australia: A767, 1. The New South Wales Government commissioned a report suggesting possible locations for the seat of Government for the new Commonwealth of Australia. The report suggested three places — Bombala, Yass-Canberra, and Orange — which made it to a short list, and suggested others which were rejected: Albury, Tumut, Cooma and Armidale. The decision for the Yass-Canberra option was made in 1908 by the Commonwealth Parliament and shortly afterwards the Commonwealth surveyor, Charles Scrivener, was dispatched to choose a site. His instructions were to choose somewhere picturesque, dist


In the 2008 Olympic Games a team of 3 British women won a sailing gold medal - for which class of boat?

Olympics 2008: Sailing | Sport | The Guardian Olympics 2008: Sailing Iain Percy, who partnered Andrew Simpson to Olympic gold in 2008, recalls his fellow sailor and lifelong friend Published: 14 Dec 2013 Ben Ainslie, five times an Olympic sailor and four times a gold medallist, has confirmed that he will not be going to a sixth Games at Rio in 2016 Published: 26 Nov 2012 Jeremy Plester on the highly prestigious sailing regatta Published: 4 Aug 2011 The three-time Olympic star on his split personality, David Cameron – and why he's going to need a bigger boat Published: 19 Sep 2009 How do you follow the greatest day of your life? Emma John catches up with six Olympic gold medallists Published: 25 Jul 2009 Two British Olympic champions let rusty sailor Michael Hutchinson take the tiller of their gold-winning vessel Published: 27 Jun 2009 Britain's gold medal-winning sailors have all been collectively awarded the Yachtsman of the Year trophy Published: 15 Jan 2009 Britain's gold medal-winning Yngling crew to split up after their class was removed from London 2012 Published: 22 Dec 2008 Medals today would signal the best British sailing team ever after Bryony Shaw's bronze Published: 7:01 PM Britain's Bryony Shaw has won a bronze medal in the women's RS:X windsurfing event in Qingdao but Nick Dempsey finished just outside the medals Published: 2:07 AM Paul Goodison won Team GB's third sailing gold despite his boat never hitting top speed Published: 7:01 PM Paul Goodison has won the Laser class in Qingdao to a third sailing gold to the British haul Published: 3:32 AM Britain claimed another gold on the water as Paul Goodison triumphed in the Laser class sailing Published: 8:10 PM Nick Rodgers and Joe Glanfield joined the celebrations among Britain's sailing team after winning silver in the 470 class Published: 7:01 PM Cycling, rowing and sailing contribute to 17 of Britain's 27 medals Published: 7:01 PM Nick Rogers and Joe Glanfield battled back to win silver, Britain's third sailing medal of the Games Published: 1:49 AM With only a slight lead going into the Yngling medal race, the British team produced a dominant performance to win gold Published: 7:01 PM Ben Ainslie won gold in the Finn class with a display of pure sailing panache and exuberance, writes Steve Bierley Published: 7:01 PM After picking up his third gold, Ben Ainslie has become Britain's greatest-ever Olympic sailor, writes Steve Bierley Published: 6:04 AM Team GB's gold rush continued after the women's Yngling team and Ben Ainslie sailed to glory Published: 5:42 AM Paula Radcliffe is battling for gold in the women's marathon. There's more medals up for grabs in the pool too. Follow the action NOW Published: 7:01 PM Ben Ainslie bemoaned the decision to hold the sailing in Qingdao after his medal race was postponed Published: 5:03 AM Home battles to watch out for over the next two days Published: 7:01 PM Ben Ainslie will collect at least a silver medal in the Finn class after another successful day Published: 7:01 PM Ben Ainslie put a frustratingly long weather delay behind him to sew up at least a silver medal in the Finn class Published: 7:40 AM Racing alongside her ex-boyfriend and against her fiancée, sailing's Tornado class could prove emotional for Carolijn Brouwer, writes Steve Bierley Published: 5:35 AM All the action from day seven of the Beijing Olympics as it happened Published: 8:33 PM Team GB single-handedly takes on Michael Phelps with ten gold medals up for grabs in next three days Published: 7:01 PM The British sailing team manager is confident Ben Ainslie will win his third Olympic title on Saturday Published: 1:20 PM Olympics: All races off as wind dies ... and picks up There was no sailing here at all for the first time since competition began last Saturday. Four races were lost yesterday when the wind petered away, and it was obvious early this morning that all races in all classes were likely to be called off Published: 5:26 AM