In which part of the body is the 'Sural Nerve'?

Sural Nerve Entrapment Explained | | Chronic Body Pain Foot Pain Sural Nerve Entrapment Explained Before we can discuss what sural nerve entrapment is, you really should know what the sural nerve is and what it does. The sural nerve is also referred to as the short saphenous nerve. It is the sensory nerve located in the lower leg. This nerve lies very close to the short saphenous vein, which is a major vein located in the calf. The sural nerve can begin from just behind the knee to just below the ankle. This particular nerve is often used for nerve grafts and biopsies. The sural nerve begins and the juncture of the lateral and medial sural cutaneous nerves. In most individuals, this typically occurs very low in the leg- even at or below the ankle in some cases. On the other hand, in a few individuals, the sural nerve can begin as high as behind the knee. , in some individuals, the sural nerve is actually simply a continuation of the medial sural cutaneous nerve. This nerve travels down an individual’s calf just below the surface of the skin, passing close to the Achilles tendon and then ending in the space between the heel and the bony bump on the outside of the ankle, known as the lateral malleolus. It actually continues into the foot, reaching the little toe- but once it passes the ankle, it is given a different name- the lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve. The sural nerve conveys sensory information regarding the lower calf and outer foot to the brain- damage to this nerve can result in extreme pain in the leg or foot. However, if damage does occur, it can be treated by removing part of the nerve. Of course, removal of a portion of the nerve can result in numbness in the ankle and side of the foot- but the nearby nerves will grow in to compensate, which restores most of the feeling to the area. Due to the fact that the sural nerve is just below the skin and it’s basically not important to essential bodily functioning, it is often used when a nerve biopsy is necessary. To perform a biopsy, the surgeon will inject a local anesthetic and then, using the short saphenous vein to guide him/her, will locate the sural nerve and then remove a piece about an inch long. The wound will then be stitched closed and then covered with gauze moistened with saline. The sample will then be placed under a microscope and examined for evidence of nerve disorders. Additionally, this nerve is often chosen to be used in nerve grafts. This is where a piece of the nerve will be taken out and transplanted into an area where nerves have been damaged. The donor piece will be spliced with the existing nerve to restore muscle functioning and sensation. This procedure is commonly used to restore the feeling in damaged limbs. The sural nerve is being transplanted more often into the pelvic area after prostate surgery to restore any lost sexual functioning. Sural Nerve Neuropathy Though the sural nerve is not necessarily essential to bodily functioning, it is still a nerve, and just like other bodily tissues, can experience disease and/or trauma. The sural nerve is a peripheral nerve, meaning that it serves to communicate with the brain and spinal cord. Sural nerve damage is a subtype of peripheral neuropathy. There are some important characteristics of sural nerve damage related to the functioning and the anatomy of the involved structures. Types of Neurons and Related Anatomy Nerve cells, also referred to as neurons are divided into three major categories: Sensory Motor Interneurons The sensory neurons pick up the sensory signals and then take them to the spinal cord and the brain. On the other hand, the motor neurons take commands from the spinal cord and the brain and carry them to the muscles or glands to tell them what to do. However, no matter what their primary function, all neurons have the same specific structural components: Cell body Axon Dendrites The cell body holds the nucleus and is the center of the metabolism of the neuron. The axon is a very long fiber of nerve that carries the signals away from the cell body. The dendrites are short pro


Which Australian state capital lies on the Swan River?

Swan Valley, Perth, Western Australia - Tourism Australia Western Australia Add Share Immerse yourself in the gourmet, natural and scenic wonders of the Swan Valley, Western Australia’s oldest wine region Just north of Perth on the Swan River, lies the Swan Valley, Western Australia's oldest wine region. Handpick a bottle or two from one of the Swan Valley's state-of-the-art boutique wineries. Follow the Swan Valley Food and Wine Trail and indulge your appetite in fine restaurants, relaxed winery cafes, breweries and distilleries, and roadside stalls selling fresh local produce. Dine alfresco in vineyard restaurants or pack a picnic and head to a national park. Cycle the historic Swan Valley Heritage Trail or explore the region in a romantic horse-drawn carriage, chauffeured limousine or a gourmet cruise on the Swan River. Many of the 40 wineries are small, family operations, where you can chat to the grandchildren of the Croatian and Italian migrants who founded the region in the 1920s. Others are international labels with vast vineyards and state-of-the-art cellars. Swan Valley specialises in verdelho, chenin blanc, chardonnay, shiraz and cabernet varieties and is also renowned for its fortified wines. Lancaster Wines, Swan Valley, WA Take a self-drive tour of the award-winning Swan Valley Food and Wine Trail. This scenic 32-kilometre loop encompasses more than 150 places to indulge your appetite, including relaxed winery cafes, breweries and distilleries, fine restaurants and many roadside stalls selling fresh local produce. The trail is well sign-posted and maps are available from the Swan Valley Visitor Centre in Guildford to help you plan your own unique food and wine experience. Dine alfresco in the vineyards or fill your basket with locally grown fruit and vegetables, local cheese and olives and hand-made chocolates and have a picnic in the parklands. Enjoy a delicious ice cream in fresh local fruit flavours. Unwind with live music or sample the boutique beers and spirits at one of the region's microbreweries or distilleries. The charming colonial village of Guildford is the gateway to the Swan Valley. Here you can shop for art and antiques and explore the local markets. Spend a night in one of Guildford's historic lodgings, which range from Western Australia's oldest home to the Federation-style pub. Cycle from Guildford to Swan Valley on the Swan Valley Heritage Trail. The area is also home to art galleries, wildlife sanctuaries, rolling countryside and national parks perfect for walking, horse-riding and cycling. There are also tours which explore the region by bus, horse-drawn carriage, taxi and chauffeured limousine. For a leisurely way to reach Swan Valley, take a gourmet cruise up the Swan River from Perth. North of Swan Valley are Walyunga National Park and Avon Valley National Park, which are popular spots for white water rafting and canoeing. Get up close to koalas and kangaroos at the wildlife park at Caversham and see crocodiles at the reptile park in Henley Brook. The Swan Valley is around 25 minutes drive from  Perth . More Holiday Ideas


The forces of which king won the Battle of the Boyne?

Williamite War in Ireland - The Battle of the Boyne 25,000 men Battle of the Boyne Summary: In the wake of the Glorious Revolution of 1688, the deposed Catholic King James II sought to regain the thrones of England and Scotland. Arriving in Ireland, he took command of the 25,000-man Jacobite army and began planning his next move. Included in his army were 6,000 French soldiers who had been sent by King Louis XIV to aid the Jacobite cause. Alerted to James' action, Protestant King William III began assembling forces to drive his adversary from Ireland. Landing at Carrickfergus in June 1690, with 16,000 men, William quickly linked up with the Duke of Schomberg who led a force of 20,000. With this combined army, William began moving south towards Dublin. Rather than oppose William's march in the rough country around Newry, James assumed a defensive position along the south bank of the River Boyne, approximately 30 miles north of Dublin. On July 11, William and his men arrived at the Boyne and began scouting the Jacobite positions. While doing so, William was slightly wounded by enemy artillery fire. Making camp at the village of Tullyallen, William devised a plan which called for a sweeping flanking maneuver to the west, while he pinned the Jacobites in place near the fords at Oldbridge. At 6:00 AM the next morning, William dispatched Count Meinhard Schomberg, the duke's son, west with 10,000 men and orders to cross the Boyne at Roughgrange. From there they were to march east and strike James in the flank and rear. After marching the six miles, Count Schomberg found that the ford at Roughgrange was held by Irish dragoons led by Neil O'Neill. Approaching the ford, Schomberg's men were attacked by O'Neill's troopers. Beating off their charge, Schomberg's troops successfully crossed the river. Receiving news that Williamite forces had crossed at Roughgrange, James dispatched 17,000 men to the area. As James' men reached Roughgrange they discovered that a deep ravine prevented them from attacking Schomberg's men. Conversely, the ravine blocked Schomberg's advance. As a result, these two forces played no further part in the battle. To the east, William began his assault on James' position around 9:00 AM. At Oldbridge, the attack was led by William's elite Dutch Blue Guards who waded across the river. Despite heavy musket fire from the Jacobite troops, William's men were able to obtain a foothold on the south bank and captured the village of Oldbridge. Reinforced, the Williamite infantry continued to press their advance. In an effort to block their progress, James began a series of counterattacks near Oldbridge. After his infantry was repulsed, he elected to send his cavalry forward. Halting, the Williamite troops were able to break the cavalry charges, though the Duke of Schomberg was killed in the fighting. Around noon, William led a force of 3,500 men across the Boyne at Drybridge, near Drogheda. With William approaching on their flank, the Jacobites fell back from Oldbridge and assumed a new position near Donore. Attacking, William's men were forced the Jacobites to retreat after about thirty minutes of fighting. Retreating to Duleek, James reunited with the troops he had sent to Roughgrange. With the battle lost, they began withdrawaling west towards the Shannon. Effectively screened by their cavalry, they were able to escape unmolested. Aftermath: The victory at the Boyne cost William approximately 750 killed and wounded, while the Jacobites suffered around 1,500. Continuing his march, William entered Dublin two days later. Fearing that his cause was lost, James departed the army and made for Duncannon. From there he embarked for France, never to return to the British Isles. His army was ultimately besieged at Limerick and forced to surrender the following year. The triumph at the Boyne marked the first major victory for the League of Augsburg over the forces of Louis XIV and his allies. In Ireland, the Boyne marked the turning point of the Williamite war and assured British and Protestant dominance over the country for the


'Alfred Jingle' and 'Serjeant Buzfuz' appear in which Dickens novel?

The Pickwick Papers, Book by Charles Dickens (Mass Market Paperback) | chapters.indigo.ca Thank you. Your review has been submitted and will appear here shortly. Reviews Extra Content Read from the Book The Pickwick Papers[I]Chapter 1The Pickwickians The first ray of light which illumines the gloom, and converts into a dazzling brilliancy that obscurity in which the earlier history of the public career of the immortal Pickwick would appear to be involved, is derived from the perusal of the following entry in the Transactions of the Pickwick Club, which the editor of these papers feels the highest pleasure in laying before his readers, as a proof of the careful attention, indefatigable assiduity, and nice discrimination, with which his search among the multifarious documents confided to him has been conducted.'May 12, 1827. Joseph Smiggers, Esq., P.V.P.M.P.C.,2 presiding. The following resolutions unanimously agreed to:--'That this Association has heard read, with feelings of unmingled satisfaction, and unqualified approval,' the paper communicated by Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C.,3 entitled "Speculations on the Source of the Hampstead Ponds, with some Observations on the Theory of Tittlebats;" and that this Association does hereby return its warmest thanks to the said Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C., for the same.'That while this Association is deeply sensible of the advantages which must accrue to the cause of science from the production to which they have just adverted,--no less than from the unwearied researches of Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C., in Hornsey, Highgate, Brixton, and Camberwell,--they cannot but entertain a lively sense of the inestimable benefits which must inevitably result fromcarrying the speculations of that learned man into a wider field, from extending his travels, and consequently enlarging his sphere of observation, to the advancement of knowledge, and the diffusion of learning.'That, with the view just mentioned, this Association has taken into its serious consideration a proposal, emanating from the aforesaid Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C., and three other Pickwickians hereinafter named, for forming a new branch of United Pickwickians, under the title of The Corresponding Society of the Pickwick Club.'That the said proposal has received the sanction and approval of this Association.'That the Corresponding Society of the Pickwick Club is therefore hereby constituted; and that Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C., Tracy Tupman, Esq., M.P.C., Augustus Snodgrass, Esq., M.P.C., and Nathaniel Winkle, Esq., M.P.C., are hereby nominated and appointed members of the same; and that they be requested to forward, from time to time, authenticated accounts of their journeys and investigations, of their observations of character and manners, and of the whole of their adventures, together with all tales and papers to which local scenery or associations may give rise, to the Pickwick Club, stationed in London.'That this Association cordially recognises the principle of every member of the Corresponding Society defraying his own travelling expenses; and that it sees no objection whatever to the members of the said society pursuing their inquiries for any length of time they please, upon the same terms.'That the members of the aforesaid Corresponding Society be, and are, hereby informed that their proposal to pay the postage of their letters, and the carriage of their parcels, has been deliberated upon by this Association: that this Association considers such proposal worthy of the great minds from which it emanated, and that it hereby signifies its perfect acquiescence therein.'A casual observer, adds the secretary, to whose notes we are indebted for the following account--a casual observermight possibly have remarked nothing extraordinary in the bald head, and circular spectacles, which were intently turned towards his (the secretary's) face, during the reading of the above resolutions: to those who knew that the gigantic brain of Pickwick was working beneath that forehead, and that the beaming eyes o


Which pop group comprised John Gorman, Roger McGough and Mike McGear?

The Scaffold | Liverpool Music Liverpool Music Share Tweet The Scaffold consisted of Roger McGough, Mike McGear (Mike McCartney, brother of the ex-Beatle Paul McCartney) and John Gorman. The three members were brought together through a shared love of music, poetry and comedy and proceeded to write and compose original material often parodying elements of real life whilst covering some of their favourite Liverpool songs. Lily the Pink The band was initially signed to EMI and enjoyed notable chart success on the subsidiary label Parlophone in their 1960’s heyday with songs such as Lily the Pink (#1) and Thank U Very Much (#4). However as the band were not musicians first, session artists needed to be brought in to supplement the group. Such luminaries as Graham Nash (Hollies, Crosby, Stills and Nash), Elton John and Jack Bruce (Cream) were brought in to supplement the vocals of McGough, McGear and Gorman, and with the various session musicians they employed, the band completed four albums featuring songs generally composed by McGear, reciting of McGough’s poetry and performances of Gorman’s comedy. The first, the self titled The Scaffold, appeared in 1968 whilst L the P was released again on the Parlophone label in 1969. In 1970 the band featured in their own television series made for children called “Score With The Scaffold” and in 1972 made a 30 minute musical production for television called Plod. The musical was filmed on location in Liverpool and displayed the bands diversity. The groups EMI contract ended in 1973 and the trio signed with Island Records where their first release Liverpool Lou reached #7 in the UK singles charts. The album Fresh Liver was also released in 1973 but the band were soon parting ways with Island and joining up with fellow creatives including Neil Innes (Monty Python, The Rutles) and Adrian Henri (The Liverpool Scene, The Mersey Sound). New Band, New Members This new band had numerous members (even featuring Keith Moon on drums at one performance) and derived its name from the first letter of the surnames of its original members Gorman – Roberts – Innes – McGough – McGear – Stanshall spelling GRIMMS. The Grimms were a group made up of, at one point, ten members and released three albums together between 1973 and 1976. The Grimms’ second album Rockin’ Duck received warm critical praise but the band failed to capitalise on this as a conflict between Mike McGear and Brian Patten (in which Patten punched McGear) and resulted in McGear leaving the group. Bronze records label In 1976 the band reformed on the Bronze records label to tour and did so for the next two years before splitting in 1977. The band have since reformed for one-off gigs and appearances and contributed a track for Liverpool – The Number Ones Album, celebrating the cities musical heritage in its European Capital of Culture year. Search for:


Which Scottish racing driver scored one point on his Formula One debut at the 2011 Australian Grand Prix, racing for the Force India team?

All eyes will be on us: Di Resta All eyes will be on us: Di Resta OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT New Delhi: Sahara Force India driver Paul di Resta believes it is a privilege to be racing for a local team this weekend in the inaugural Indian Grand Prix at the Buddh International Circuit. There are 1.4 billion people in India, so as a driver you have to feel privileged to be taking part in the first Indian Grand Prix for Force Indiaï¿½ India is a big race for us and its important we get a strong result, said Di Resta on Thursday. Whether you class it as a home race, I dont know, but I dont have to say too much, given the link that our team shares with the countryï¿½ So all eyes are going to be on us, he added. The Scottish racing driver joined Adrian Sutil in Force India for the 2011 season, replacing Vitantonio Liuzzi. He scored his first Formula One championship point at his first race, in the Australian Grand Prix. He qualified sixth at Silverstone but finished 15th after a long pit stop due to a tyre mix up. The race on Sunday, Di Resta strongly feels, has the potential to take the sport in India to the next level. It is a great opportunity for us to put on a great show for the fansï¿½ Di Resta, however, admitted that he has not much information about the track. We did a simulator session last week. But because its a brand new track, there are still a lot of unknowns and question marks about the characteristics of the track. The layout looks interesting and the good thing for me is that its a new track for everyone to learn. Getting up to speed will be key and the grip will build up throughout the weekend, but as long as we find a good balance by Saturday, we should be okay, he said. Asked about his expectations, Di Resta said: We will go there and do our maximumï¿½ Obviously each race is important, because the same number of points are on offerï¿½ But theres no denying that a strong result in the teams home race would feel special for all of us. So there will be a lot of attention on us, but we will go there ready to fight and grab some more points. Meanwhile, refuting reports that he would replace Adrian Sutil, team test Driver Nico Hulkenberg said that co-owner Vijay Mallya would take a decision on the matter on December 15. There are quite a few rumours going on. A decision has not yet been taken on who would be in the race seat next year. I can only refer to what Vijay Mallya said, that he would make an announcement on December 15, he said.  Copyright © 2017 The Telegraph. All rights reserved.


What is the first name of the brother of the Duchess of Cambridge, who read the lesson at her wedding?

Duchess of Cambridge 'getting over severe morning sickness', says brother - Telegraph Kate Middleton Duchess of Cambridge 'getting over severe morning sickness', says brother James Middleton says sister Kate's condition improving after being taken ill  again while expecting second child with Prince William James Middleton wants to be the best uncle possible to Prince George Photo: Rex Features/ PA By Agency 2:38PM GMT 12 Nov 2014 The Duchess of Cambridge’s brother has revealed that his sister is now getting over her severe morning sickness as he described how he wants to be the "cool uncle" to Prince George. James Middleton said that he wanted to be the "fun" relative who spoiled the newest member of the royal family. He revealed that his sister’s dog Lupo was actually a wedding present from him to her and Prince William on their marriage. He also said that his sister is improving after being taken ill again whilst expecting her second child. Mr Middleton said: "She’s better. It’s not unknown she’s suffering from acute morning sickness, fortunately I think she’s on the mend." Related Articles Pippa Middleton filmed dancing in Wyoming 07 Nov 2014 He appeared on US TV to launch his new sweet company, Boomf, which allows people to print personalised messages or photos of marshmallows. He told ABC’s Good Morning America that he still remembers his sister’s wedding fondly. He said: "The most wonderful thing about that wedding which will stay with me forever was that although billions were watching, it felt like a family wedding. "I suffered most of my life with dyslexia and for the reading I felt absolutely terrified. "My little treat for them was to give them a puppy and Lupo was their gift." Asked by presenter Amy Robach about the birth of Prince George , he agreed it was "surreal". More ABC US news | ABC Health News He said: "The most wonderful thing is everybody was celebrating with us, becoming an uncle and my parents becoming grandparents. They were all so excited. "I still see Prince George as my nephew and want to be the best uncle possible. Like any uncle I want to be the cool uncle, I want to be the fun uncle, what shall we get him for Christmas this year, how can we stand out… "...I think there’s a long way to go to be a cool uncle. I’m trying to be as best as I can." Mr Middleton added that he has not yet figured out what to get Prince George yet for Christmas. He said the Middletons were a "really close family" and he and his sister "speak on the phone all the time", or meet up for coffee or a Sunday roast. Asked about Boomf, Mr Middleton described himself as "Wonka in chief" and said that he wanted it to be "fun". He said: "We take a lot of the magic from Willy Wonka." Lupo the dog with Prince William, Catherine Duchess of Cambridge and Prince George His co-founder, Andy Bell, said they chose the name because "if you're trying to get a marshmallow to speak that would be the first word it said". The Duchess and Prince Williams are rumoured to be visiting New York next month for a few days. Mr Middleton said that he had "heard that too", but did not know their diary plans. US TV appears to be engaged in an arms race to sign the Middletons - Mr Middleton’s sister Pippa is rumoured to be in talks to be a special correspondent for NBC.


In which Asian country is the 'Plain of Jars', the site of thousands of megalithic jars?

The Mysterious Plain of Megalithic Jars | Ancient Origins 29 November, 2013 - 03:11 aprilholloway The Mysterious Plain of Megalithic Jars (Read the article on one page) The Plain of Jars in the Xieng Khouang plain of Laos is one of the most enigmatic sights on Earth.  The unusual site of thousands of megalithic stone jars scattered across nearly one hundred sites deep in the mountains of northern Laos has fascinated archaeologists and scientists ever since their discovery in the 1930s. The unusual site known as the Plain of Jars is dated to the Iron Age (500 BC to 500 AD) and is made up of at least 3,000 giant stone jars up to 3 metres tall and weighing several tonnes. Most are made of sandstone but there are others made of much harder granite and limestone. Because the jars have lip rims, it is presumed that all of them were originally covered with lids and although a few stone lids have been recorded it is more likely that the main material used was wood or ratan. The jars appear to have been manufactured with a degree of knowledge of what materials and techniques were suitable. It is assumed that Plain of Jars’ people used iron chisels to manufacture them although no conclusive evidence for this exists.  Little is known of the people who carved the huge containers and the jars themselves give little clue as to their origins or purpose. Laos Plain of Jars with Hmong Girls ( Wikimedia Commons ) According to local legend, the jars were created by a race of giants, whose king needed somewhere to store his rice wine.  The wine was to be consumed at a great feast to celebrate an illustrious military victory thousands of years ago. Legend tells of an evil king, named Chao Angka, who oppressed his people so terribly that they appealed to a good king to the north, named Khun Jeuam, to liberate them. Khun Jeuam and his army came, and after waging a great battle on the plain, defeated Chao Angka. While some have maintained that the giant jars were used to collect the monsoon rainwater, most archaeologists believe that the jars were used as funerary urns. Excavation by Lao and Japanese archaeologists in the intervening years has supported this interpretation with the discovery of human remains, burial goods and ceramics around the stone jars.  It is believed that the jars were used to place the corpses of deceased people where they were left to decompose or ‘distill’, a practice that has been common in Thailand and Laos, usually in pits.  It is believed that the bodies were left in the jars for the soft tissue to decompose and the body to dry out before being cremated. Once they had been cremated, the ashes would have been returned to the urns, or perhaps buried in a sacred place, freeing the jars for re-use to decompose another body. Archaeologists still don’t have all the answers but unfortunately their work has been slowed down by the fact that the Plain of Jars is one of the most dangerous archaeological sites in the world.  Scattered over the plains are literally thousands of tonnes of unexploded bombs, land mines and other unexploded military ordnance, which contaminate more than 35% of the province's total land area  and continue to threaten the lives of the 200,000 people who now live in Xieng Khouang.


Which city, also the title of a Kipling poem, is the second largest in Myanmar (Burma)?

Mandalay A Choice of Kipling�s Verse by T.S.Eliot (1941) The Works of Rudyard Kipling, Wordsworth Poetry Library The Theme A British soldier, now discharged and back in London, looks back with nostalgia at his life in Burma with sunshine and a charming girl in terms which Le Gallienne, although an enthusastic patron of the music-halls, described in his review of Barrack-Room Ballads, as: 'perfect of their kind though made of the very refuse of language. later observing that the very best of them is �Mandalay�. [quoted by Charles Carrington p. 342.] > This, like �The Grave of the Hundred Head� , was inspired by Kipling�s visit to Burma on his way home to England in 1889. He and his friends the Hills embarked at Calcutta, bound for London via America where the Hills would spend their leave. They made an unscheduled stop at Moulmein on the coast of Burma, where elephants, pagodas, tinkling bells, and a beautiful Burmese girl left a deep impression on Kipling. : When I die I will be a Burman, with twenty yards of real King�s silk, that has been made in Mandalay, about my body, and a succession of cigarettes between my lips. I will wave the cigarette to emphasise my conversation, which shall be full of jest and repartee, and I will always walk about with a pretty almond-coloured girl who shall laugh and jest too, as a young maiden ought. She shall not pull a sari over her head when a man looks at her and glare suggestively from behind it, nor shall she tramp behind me when I walk: for these are the customs of India. [From Sea to Sea, p. 221 line 19] Charles Carrington, in his edition of Barrack-Room Ballads (Methuen 1974, p. 162), describes the poem as: 'Perhaps the favourite among the 'Barrack-Room Ballads', written to a popular waltz tune, set to music as a tenor song, and long since passed into folklore ... Recently it has been copied by Bertolt Brecht.' The haunting words of �Mandalay� would become as much-travelled as their author. And surely only the pedantic would quarrel with the improbable siting of the dawn as it �comes up like thunder outer China �crost the Bay�. See Harry Ricketts (p. 121) for an excellent account of the visit to Burma. See also Meryl Macdonald (p. 49). Historical background For the historical background to the poem one cannot do better than read George Webb's address to the Royal Society for Asian Affairs on 16 June 1983, on "Kipling's Burma, A Literary and Historical Review" , which we have reproduced for this Guide. It was reprinted in the Kipling Journal in KJ 301/25 & KJ 302/10 . As George Webb explains, after a dispute with the Burmese Goverment, heightened by its clandestine dealings with the French, Lotd Dufferin, the Viceroy of India, despatched an ultimatum: Meanwhile he prepared an expeditionary force in Lower Burma: 9000 fighting men, 3000 followers, 67 guns, 24 machine-guns. The ultimatum was offensively rejected. War followed. In November 1885 the great paddle-steamers, crowded with troops, thrashed up-river. Before they could reach Mandalay it surrendered. Burmese resistance had crumbled. British occupation and annexation followed. 287/55 Frank Sinatra�s recording- see Mattinson on our website and David Alan Richards p. 708. Some other critical responses Bonamy Dobr�e (p. 212.) discusses this and other pieces written shortly after Kipling�s return to London in 1889, in which he compares the weather unfavourably with the sunshine of India: �.the popular �Mandalay� of June 1890, well-known, perhaps, as it is set to rousing, singable tunes�..  Probably his greatest successes in verse at this early period were the poems abut private soldiers, notably in Barrack-Room Ballads, where he used the Tommies� vernacular� Charles Allen (p. 307), however, writing in 2007, is very conscious that tastes have changed in the hundred and twenty years since the Barrack-Room Ballads were written: The shock-value of �Danny Deever�, �Tommy� and the best of the Barrack-Room Ballads has faded over the years - and the rest have not aged well. �Mandalay� now sounds almost maudlin. Kipling


MGY is the Chapman Code for which historic Welsh county?

Montgomeryshire (Chapman Code - MGY) Wales - Counties (Chapman Code - WAL) Montgomeryshire (Chapman Code - MGY) If this is your first visit, be sure to  check out the FAQ by clicking the  link above. You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. To start viewing messages,  select the forum that you want to visit from the selection below.


At which course is the 'Prix de Diane', the French 'Oaks' run?

Prix de Diane (French Oaks) Preview – UK Horse Racing: Race Cards, Form Tools and Tips /in Big Race Previews - Longchamp Arc Weekend | geegeez.co.uk , Horse Racing Blog - News & Info | geegeez.co.uk /by Matt Bisogno Prix de Diane (French Oaks) Preview Whilst Royal Ascot claims the international racing headlines this week, France prepares for its own version of the Royal Meeting when it stages the 167th running of the Prix de Diane on Sunday at Chantilly, writes Nigel Howard. This spectacular meeting is the one time in the racing calendar when the French manage to embrace everything the sport has to offer. With the weather set to be fine, the place will be awash with picnickers in their fancy hats and summer finery, watching the female classic generation strutting their stuff on the track. La Cressonniere bids for a second French Classic Run over 2100 meters (1m2½f), this year’s renewal will see sixteen runners go to post from four different nations. The Directeur du l’Hippodrome, Mathieu Vincent, predicts some rain over the next couple of days but is hoping for good or good-to-soft ground come race day. With Jean-Claude Rouget carrying all before him in this year’s Classics, it will come as no surprise to find that he once again holds the strongest hand for the home team. He fields three, including LA CRESSONNIERE, already a Classic winner thanks to her pillar-to-post victory in the Prix d’Essai des Pouliches at Deauville in May. That was a brave performance and she remains unbeaten. By La Havre, who has already sired a winner of this race in the form of Avenir Certain in 2014, out of a Galileo mare, it is possible that she will improve again for this step up in trip. Add to this her indifference to underfoot conditions and it becomes perfectly clear why she is one of the market leaders. Her part-owner Gérard Augustin-Normand remains supremely confident after he saw his Almanzor stride to victory in the French Derby two weeks ago. She has obvious claims. The Pau-based handler also fields the very likable JEMAYEL who bounced right back to her best in the Normandy sunshine when she landed the Group 1 Prix Saint-Alary at Deauville earlier in the month. That 1m2f contest saw her defeat CAMPROCK, who re-opposes and who was favourite on the day. The daughter of Myboycharlie, trained by Mme Pia Brandt, was previously unbeaten, yet all her victories were achieved on a softer surface. It is likely that she did not appreciate hearing her hooves rattle at Deauville and indeed the trainer confirmed, stating that any juice in the turf would be to her advantage. She stays and is a lively contender, especially if the heavens open before Sunday. JEMAYEL meanwhile, a daughter of Lope de Vega, must also enter calculations. She too has proven her stamina but would seem to prefer good ground to show her best. Rouget’s third candidate, ZGHORTA DANCE, is another daughter of Le Havre and she won the Group 3 Prix Vanteaux at this track at the end of May. Although she is obviously improving, on her previous start she was beaten by Magnanimem, a horse that could manage only fifth in the Prix Saint-Alary behind both JEMAYEL and CAMPROCK. On paper, therefore, she doesn’t look good enough. Of twenty supplementary entries made over the last twenty-three years only two have converted, namely Valyra for the Aga Khan in 2012 and West Wind in the famous claret colours of Sheikh Mohammed in 2007. This year, two fillies have been supplemented - VOLTA for François-Henri Graffard and HIGHLANDS QUEEN for Yohann Gourraud. The former was last seen bolting up over a mile in the Group 2 Prix de Sandringham here on Derby day. She took that event by four lengths and is clearly smart. Having stumped up the supplementary entry fee of €60,000, connections will be hoping that she can see out the extra two-and-a-half furlongs of this classic contest, although, being a daughter of speedy Siyouni, there must be some doubts. Stamina issues are of little concern for HIGHLANDS QUEEN, who, on only her third career start, ran out a comfortable winner of the Group 3 Prix Cléopa


In which part of the body is bile produced?

What part of the body produces bile? - Digestive Health - Sharecare What part of the body produces bile? Topics | Digestive Health | What part of the body produces bile? A Answers (1) A Dr. Todd P. Mangione, DO , Surgery, answered on behalf of Baptist Health South Florida Bile, a digestive fluid, is produced in your liver. Your liver releases bile into your gallbladder, a small, pear-shaped organ located just below your liver in the upper right side of your abdomen. Your gallbladder concentrates and stores the bile. Then, when you consume a meal, your gallbladder releases just enough bile into your intestine to help digest your food, especially the fat in your food.


In which Australian state is the city of Mount Isa, famous for its mineral deposits?

Copper - Mineral Fact Sheets - Australian Mines Atlas Suggestions for Further Reading Introduction Copper (Cu) has a cultural significance as it was the first metal used by man (probably as early as 7000 BC). Neolithic man mined native copper and used it as a substitute for stone; its malleability enabled easy shaping of tools by beating it. Copper was smelted as early as 3500 BC at Timna in Israel. Its property of alloying with other metals (particularly tin) was discovered about 500 years later and heralded the Bronze Age, which started in southern Europe between 3000 and 2500 BC. Although the manufacture of bronze tools largely fell into disuse with the onset of the Iron Age about 1000 BC, copper continued to be used for its other properties. As one of only two coloured metals, its beauty makes it highly desirable for making ornaments and its resistance to corrosion makes it suitable for use in, or near the sea. The growth of the copper industry has been intimately linked with the increasing use of electricity with electrical applications continuing to be the metal's principal use which can be attributed to two physical properties. It is an excellent electrical (and heat) conductor and is ductile enough to be drawn into wire and beaten into sheets without fracturing. Copper is used widely in plumbing components and is a major component of alloys, many of which are harder, stronger and tougher than their individual constituent elements. Occurrence The main ore mineral of copper in Australia (and worldwide) is chalcopyrite (CuFeS2). Bornite (Cu5FeS4), covellite (CuS) and chalcocite (Cu2S) are important sources in the world, and many ore bodies also contain some malachite (CuCO3.Cu(OH)2), azurite (Cu3(CO3)2.Cu(OH)2), cuprite (Cu2O), tenorite (CuO) and native copper. The sulphides, which yield most of the copper produced throughout the world, generally occupy the deeper parts of lodes which have not been exposed to weathering. Near the surface they are altered by oxidation and other chemical actions to the native metal, oxides and carbonates. These secondary copper minerals may form rich ore in the upper parts of many deposits, and, owing to their characteristic green or blue colour, even small amounts are easily seen in the rocks in which they occur. Australian Resources and Deposits Copper is widely distributed in Australia in rocks of Precambrian and Palaeozoic age (more than 250 million years old). Australia's resources of copper are largely at the Olympic Dam copper-uranium-gold deposit in South Australia and the Mount Isa copper-lead-zinc deposit in Queensland. Other important copper resources are at the Northparkes copper-gold, CSA copper-lead-zinc and Girilambone copper deposits in New South Wales, the Ernest Henry, Osborne and Mammoth copper deposits and copper-gold deposits at Selwyn in Queensland and copper-zinc deposits at Golden Grove and the Nifty copper deposit in Western Australia. Australia's main copper mining centres are in the Mount Isa/Cloncurry region of Queensland and at Olympic Dam in South Australia. The Mount Isa mine, which also produces large tonnages of lead, zinc and silver, currently is the largest copper producer in Australia and is one of the world's biggest underground mines. At Mount Isa, the copper ore bodies are separate from the lead-zinc-silver ore bodies, thus enabling independent production of the two ore types. Across Australia, relatively small amounts of copper are recovered as a by-product of silver-lead-zinc, nickel and gold mining. Several important copper deposits have been discovered in the past 30 years. By far the largest of these is the copper-uranium-gold deposit discovered in 1975 at Olympic Dam where expanded annual production will soon surpass that at Mt Isa. Other important discoveries include the Northparkes copper-gold deposit (NSW) in 1977, Cadia copper-gold deposit (NSW) in 1993, Benambra copper-zinc deposit (Vic) in 1978, Scuddles (Golden Grove) copper-lead-zinc deposit (WA) in 1979, Selwyn gold-copper deposit (Qld) in 1980, Nifty copper deposit (WA) in 1983, E


Alexander Hamilton the first United States Secretary of the Treasury died on July 21st. 1804 after a duel with the Vice President the previous day. Who was the Vice President?

Alexander Hamilton | Save Our Rights | Fandom powered by Wikia Alexander Hamilton (January 11, 1755 or 1757 – July 12, 1804) was the first United States Secretary of the Treasury , a Founding Father , economist , and political philosopher . He led calls for the Philadelphia Convention , was one of America's first Constitutional lawyers , and cowrote the Federalist Papers , a primary source for Constitutional interpretation . Born on the British West Indian island of Nevis , Hamilton was educated in the Thirteen Colonies . During the American Revolutionary War , he joined the New York militia and was chosen artillery captain. Hamilton became senior [1] aide-de-camp and confidant to General George Washington , and led three battalions at the Siege of Yorktown . He was elected to the Continental Congress , but resigned to practice law and to found the Bank of New York . He served in the New York Legislature , and was the only New Yorker who signed the Constitution. As Washington's Treasury Secretary, he influenced formative government policy widely. An admirer of British political systems, Hamilton emphasized strong central government and implied powers , under which the new U.S. Congress funded the national debt , assumed state debts, created a national bank , and established an import tariff and whiskey tax . By 1792, a Hamilton coalition and a Jefferson – Madison coalition had arisen (the formative Federalist and Democratic-Republican Parties), which differed strongly over Hamilton's domestic fiscal goals and his foreign policy of extensive trade and friendly relations with Britain. Exposed in an affair with Maria Reynolds , Hamilton resigned from the Treasury in 1795 to return to Constitutional law and advocacy of strong federalism . In 1798, the Quasi-War with France led Hamilton to argue for, organize, and become de facto commander of a national army. Hamilton's opposition to fellow Federalist John Adams contributed to the success of Democratic-Republicans Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr in the uniquely deadlocked election of 1800 . With his party's defeat, Hamilton's nationalist and industrializing ideas lost their former national prominence. In 1801, Hamilton founded the New York Post as the Federalist broadsheet New-York Evening Post. [2] His intense rivalry with Vice President Burr eventually resulted in a duel , in which Hamilton was mortally wounded, dying the following day. Contents Edit By his own account, Hamilton was born in Charlestown , the capital of Nevis in the British West Indies , out of wedlock to Rachel Faucett Lavien, of part French Huguenot descent, and James A. Hamilton, fourth son of Scottish laird Alexander Hamilton of Grange, Ayrshire . He was born on January 11 in either 1755 or 1757; most historians now say 1755, although disagreement remains. A young Hamilton claimed 1757 as his birth year when he first arrived in the Thirteen Colonies ; but he is also recorded in probate papers, shortly after his mother's death, as being 13 years old, [3] indicating 1755. Explanations for this discrepancy include that he may have been trying to appear younger than his college classmates or to avoid standing out as older, that the probate document may have misreported, or that he may have been passing as 13 to be more employable after his mother's death. [4] He was often approximate about his age in later life. Hamilton's mother had been separated previously from Johann Michael Lavien of St. Croix ; [5] to escape an unhappy marriage, Rachel left her husband and first son for St. Kitts in 1750, where she met James. [6] They moved together to Rachel's birthplace of Nevis, where she had inherited property from her father. [7] Their two sons were James, Jr., and Alexander. Because Hamilton's parents were not legally married, the Church of England denied him membership or education in the church school. Instead, he received "individual tutoring" [7] and classes in a private Jewish school. [8] Hamilton supplemented his education with a family library of thirty-four books, [9] including Greek and Roman classics. F


Which former Basketball star was known as 'Wilt the Stilt'?

Black History Month Fast Facts: Wilt Chamberlain « 101.9 AMP Radio 7 Feb 1997: Former Los Angeles Laker Wilt Chamberlain addresses the media at a press conference before the NBA All-Star Game at the Renaissance Hotel in Cleveland, Ohio. Mandatory Credit: Brian Bahr /Allsport (Photo Credit: Brian Bahr /Allsport) All month long in February, 102 JAMZ is celebrating Black History Month! There have been many legendary basketball players in our history but do you know who Wilt Chamberlain is? Wilt Chamberlain (also known as Wilt the Stilt) was a professional NBA basketball player from 1959-1973. Chamberlain played for teams such as The Philadelphia 76ers, Philadelphia Warriors, Los Angeles Lakers, and the Harlem Globetrotters. In his early years, Wilt Chamberlain did not take a interest in basketball. His preference was originally track and field. By age 10, Wilt grew to a height of 6 feet, 10 inches and eventually turned to basketball. In his high school years he averaged 31 points per game and led his team to a championship against his rivalry high school. Wilt later went on to play college basketball at Kansas University where he would play on the freshman and varsity teams averaging between 40-52 points and 20-30 rebounds per game. Chamberlain wanted to play professional basketball before graduating college but the league would not permit players to enter the NBA without finishing their studies, so Chamberlain joined the Harlem Globetrotters in 1958. Wilt went on to play for the the Philadelphia Warriors, Philadelphia 76ers, and Los Angeles Lakers earning him several NBA all-time records and an MVP title. Wilt Chamberlain passed away in 1999 however his legacy left him being the first professional basketball player to earn 100 points in a single game during 1961 and the first player to score 30,000 points in the NBA making him one of the greatest basketball players of all time!