"Tolstoy's book ""War and Peace"" is set when?"

War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy. Search eText, Read Online, Study, Discuss. Best way to read War and Peace? I just finished Don Quixote and I am currently reading Les Misï¿½rables. I bought those books along with War and Peace to read one after the other, shortest first. My question is, what is the best and most rewarding way to read War and Peace? I only ask this due to the large cast of characters and historical refrences (I only have a basic understanding of the Napoleonic wars). Should I use a study guide, chapter by chapter summary etc etc. Also what would be the best reading schedule that will allow me to finish the book in 2-3 months (my copy is 1444 pages)? Any advice is appreciated. Thanks! Posted By thekingrat at Thu 21 Jul 2016, 9:22 PM in War and Peace || 9 Replies War and Peace: The Sequel Having just finished War and Peace last week, I am now champing at the bit for information on the continuation of the story. I've scoured the internet, as I am sure many of you on this forum have. I found an intriguing piece from 1996 on an actual sequel written in Russia. It follows the theme of Tolstoy's original concept, "The Decembrists", but apparently with a modern predilection for steaminess. It's called "Pierre and Natasha", authored anonymously, and presumably unavailable to English-reading audiences.  Please read the article at the attached link, and let me know if any of you have any clues as to how to get this book. www.nytimes.com/1996/03/05/world/moscow-journal-war-and-peace-the-sequel-scholars-see-scarlett.html Posted By Steve Martin at Sat 25 Jul 2015, 6:29 PM in War and Peace || 0 Replies Natasha and the "dirty diaper"? The great courses lecture on War and Peace talks about its ending with Natasha coming in with a dirty diaper. ("Classics of Russian Literature" , taught by Irwin Weil from the teaching company) None of the translations I have seem to contain that. . . WHERE IS IT? D Provine Posted By provine at Fri 21 Feb 2014, 8:08 PM in War and Peace || 0 Replies The Second Epilogue I've re-read War and Peace in just over a month. Wonderful it is indeed until I come to the Second Epilogue, with Count Lev going round and round in circles about a Philosophy of History. He seems to be saying that any existing philosophy of history is wrong. Frankly, I couldn't care. These turgid self-indulgent pages by someone who was no doubt a good, imaginative and humane man are something I find terminally boring. Posted By Jackson Richardson at Sat 25 Jan 2014, 3:14 PM in War and Peace || 1 Reply Is Lise Bolskonski pregnant for 18 months?! Hello, I've recently started reading War & Peace. Not finished yet, so I don't want to read through the topics in case it spoils,y reading. So apologies if it's been mentioned already :) A Google search brought me here regarding Natasha's age, which I believe is linked to the problem I noticed. Lise is pregnant when Prince Andrew leaves for war. She is described as "waddling" so I'm assuming she is already quite far along. Anyway, when the war is over, Tolstoy says Nicholas Rostov has been away for 18 months, so I'm assuming it was the same for Prince Andrew more or less, given that he was also missing. So he comes home and his wife is giving birth... 18 months after he left?! Is it a mistake in the book or something I misunderstood? Thanks :) Posted By Camillalice at Sun 27 Oct 2013, 8:23 AM in War and Peace || 0 Replies Finally starting War and Peace films/book project Nearly two years after announcing my intent, I'm finally having a go at War and Peace. To sum up, I'm first watching three filmed versions in order of increasing length: The 1956 American/Italian version (3 1/2 hours), the classic 1966-67 four-part Russian version (7 hours), and the 20-part BBC-TV serial from 1972-73 (15 hours). I'm hoping this three-stage introduction will help me remember who is who and doing what during the actual read without constantly having to stop and look people up. First, the 1956 version, starring noted Russian actors Henry Fonda, Audrey Hepburn, and Mel Ferrer. I joke,


G. H. Armauer Hansen discovered the cause of what disease in 1873?

Leprosy in the middle ages – Elizabeth Ashworth – author The de Lacy Family Leprosy in the middle ages Leprosy, or Hansen’s disease (so named because it was G.H. Armauer Hansen who discovered, in Norway in 1873, that the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae was the cause) has been known to man for over 4000 years. The word leprosy comes from ancient Greek meaning ‘scaly skin’ or ‘scaly back’. Most people are naturally immune to the disease and nowadays it mostly affects people in developing countries where resources are scarce. It is not highly infectious and is probably transmitted through airborn droplets. After infection symptoms can take up to 20 years to develop and begin by affecting the nerves that control feeling in the skin. If left untreated, further nerve damage occurs and ulcers may develop. Because of the loss of sensation, wounds and cuts go unnoticed and the consequent damage leads to the visible signs commonly associated with leprosy. Leprosy appeared in Europe in the early 11th century and by the 15th century it had all but disappeared.  It is thought that the disease may have been brought to Europe from Middle Eastern countries by those who had been on Crusade and it was regarded as being an upper-class disease rather than a disease of the poor. In fact early sufferers were pitied and treated well, but as the prevalence of the disease grew those with leprosy were reviled and seen as unclean and sinful. They were forced to carry a clapper, and later a bell, to warn of their coming so that people could avoid them and not come into close contact with them. A person with leprosy from a 14th century manuscript. The bell may have been to attract charitable donations as well as warning that a diseased person was in the vicinity. In the Middle Ages, many skin conditions were labelled as ‘leprosy’. These may have included such conditions as eczema, psoriasis and skin cancers and by the 12th century those with leprosy became regarded as unclean. Around this time many leper houses were built to keep sufferers separate from society as it was believed that the disease was very contagious. The Benedictine monk and chronicler, Matthew Paris, who lived from around 1200 to 1259, estimated that there were 19,000 leper houses in Europe, with 2000 being in France and over a hundred in England. These houses were run along similar lines to monasteries and convents and were for care as well as quarantine. In fact those with leprosy were sometimes viewed as experiencing purgatory whilst still on earth and their suffering was viewed as holy. The residents spent much time in prayer and, as it was also popularly thought to have been a sexually transmitted disease, the leper houses made the sufferers take a vow of chastity. Those who did not enter leper houses took the vows that are listed in the Mass of Separation including vowing not to enter any church or marketplace and not to touch the rim or rope of a well except with gloved hands. They were also excluded from inheriting. Famous sufferers include Baldwin IV, king of Jerusalem, who continued to rule despite his illness and Alice the Leper, a Cistercian nun who became a leprous martyr. There is also, of course, Richard FitzEustace, in my novel The de Lacy Inheritance, who is based on a real person. Many wealthy people in the middle ages gave donations to the leper houses and Roger de Lacy (who was Richard’s brother) gave land for a leper hospital on the banks of the river Ribble near Clitheroe. The site is now the Edisford Hotel near the bridge that spans the river. The hospital was named St Nicholas’s. Nowadays leprosy is curable with treatment by a multidrug therapy that combines dapsone, clofazimine and rifampicin. However the disease remains in parts of Africa, Asia and South America and there are still occasional cases of leprosy treated in the UK. I have also been told by Sian Arulanantham, Head of Programmes at The Leprosy Mission, that legislation still exists that discriminates against people affected by leprosy. This is just one of the issues that Th


What plant, a bushy herb of the mint family, has a heavy, strong scent, and has been used for centuries in perfumes?

Pogostemon cablin (Patchouli) (aka Pogostemon cablin, Pogostemon patchouli, Patchouli, Patchouly, Putcha-pat.) at Maya-incense.com - Incenses, Perfumery, Arts & Handicrafts Incenses, Perfumery, Arts & Handicrafts Leaves, Cut from Indonesia (SKU 0162) Very fragrant shredded Patchouli leaves, wild-harvested in Indonesia. Part References Family: Lamiaceae (Mint family) Patchouli (also Patchouly or Pachouli) is a bushy herb of the Lamiaceae (Mint family). The plant is native to tropical regions of Asia. The scent of Patchouli is heavy and strong. It has been used for centuries in perfumes and continues to be so today. Sachets are made of the coarsely-powdered leaves, and before its common use in Europe, genuine Indian shawls and Indian ink were distinguished by the odour, which has the unusual quality of improving with age. It became popular among devotees of the free love and hippie lifestyles, since the pungent smell of Patchouli is alleged to cover the smell of burnt Cannabis and body odor. Patchouli also has a reputation as an aphrodisiac, a notion that probably originated in India, where it is used as an anointing oil in Tantric sexual practices. Other names: Pogostemon cablin, Pogostemon patchouli, Patchouli, Patchouly, Putcha-pat. During the 18th and 19th century silk traders from China travelling to the Middle East packed their silk cloth with dried Patchouli leaves to prevent moths from laying their eggs on the cloth. Many historians speculate that this association with opulent eastern goods is why Patchouli was considered by Europeans of that era to be a luxurious scent. This trend has continued to the present day in modern perfumery. Patchouli oil and incense underwent a surge in popularity in the 1960s and 1970s, mostly among devotees of the free love and hippie lifestyles, due in part to the fact that the pungent smell of Patchouli is known to cover the smell of burnt Cannabis. During the Vietnam war, American soldiers used Patchouli to mask the smell of the graves of enemy soldiers killed in combat. War protesters of the time used Patchouli on themselves, to demonstrate that "We are all one race, we are the same as the enemy soldiers". Also, the Hare Krishna movement may have been partly responsible for this surge, as the god Krishna is said to "inhabit" Patchouli. Patchouli is a tropical member of the Lamiaceae (Mint family), grown in the East and West Indies. The Patchouli plant is a bushy herb reaching two or three feet in height. The plant grows well in southern climates. It enjoys hot weather but not direct sunlight. If the plant withers due to lack of watering it will recover well and quickly once it has been watered. The seed-bearing purple-tinged white flowers are very fragrant and bloom in late fall. The tiny seeds may be harvested for planting, but they are very delicate and easily crushed. Cuttings from the motherplant can also be rooted in water to produce further plants. Leaves are harvested several times a year, dried, and exported for distillation of the oil, although the highest quality oil is usually produced from fresh leaves, distilled close to the plantation. The principal constituents of Patchouli are patchoulol (up to 50 percent), patchoulene, pogostol, bulnesol, bulnese, eugenol, cadinene, carvone, and benzoic and cinnamic aldehydes, among others. The scent of Patchouli is heavy and strong. A rich Musky-sweet, strong spicy and herbaceous smell. Perfume-note: Base. The fragrance of Patchouli has a grounding and balancing effect on the emotions and banishes lethargy, while sharpening the wits. Helpful with depression and anxiety. It is also said to create an amorous atmosphere. Patchouli balances and stimulates the Yin meridians of the body. Also balancing to the base and spleen Chakra and all conditions associated with them. Aligns the lower two Chakras with the heart center, stimulating greater energy for life. The scent calms emotions and strife and can be used to ease argumentative conditions and environments. Known as an aphrodisiac, partly due to its affect on the feminine energie


What was the occupation of Polish trade unionist and politician Lech Walesa?

Lech Walesa - Poland's Solidarity Leader Lech Walesa Lech Walesa Poland's Solidarity Leader Who Fought for Workers' Rights Polish politician Lech Walesa during his presidential election campaign, 15th October 1990.  (Photo by Georges De Keerle/Getty Images) By Patricia Daniels, Contributing Writer Updated August 19, 2015. Who Was Lech Walesa? Lech Walesa, a Polish labor leader and social activist, became the first democratically elected president of Poland, serving from 1990 to 1995. Prior to his presidency, Walesa, an electrician at the Lenin Shipyards in Gdansk, helped to form Solidarity, Poland's first independent trade union. Under the leadership of the charismatic Walesa, Solidarity successfully used civil resistance and strike tactics to secure rights for workers living under the communist Soviet regime. Lech Walesa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983 and the U.S. Medal of Freedom in 1989. Dates: September 29, 1943 -- Famous Quote: "He who puts out his hand to stop the wheel of history will have his fingers crushed." Born in Occupied Poland Lech Walesa was born in the small farming village of Popowo in north-central Poland on September 29, 1943 during the German occupation of Poland in the Second World War . He was the fourth child born to carpenter Boleslaw Walesa and his wife Felicja. continue reading below our video Test Your General Science Knowledge Boleslaw Walesa had been taken into custody by the Nazis prior to his son's birth. He was placed in a concentration camp and later relocated to a labor camp at Mlyniec in western Poland. The hard labor, freezing temperatures, and frequent beatings would eventually take their toll upon Lech's father. Returning to Popowo in 1945 after the war, Boleslaw was unable to regain his strength. He died at the age of 33, only two months after coming home. Lech was not yet two years old when his father died. Felicja later married Boleslaw's brother, Stanislaw, and they had three sons together. The family moved to Kujawy, a village in central Poland. Learning a Trade and Serving in the Military The family of nine lived in a small cottage in the countryside. Lech began his education at the small local schoolhouse when he was seven years old. Enrolled in a boarding trade school at the age of 15, he studied agricultural mechanics. Walesa, who enjoyed working with his hands, learned to repair and operate farm equipment. Walesa was known more for his unruly behavior at school than for his academic success. He earned less than mediocre grades and got himself in trouble more than once for smoking in his dormitory room. Yet he was also known for his ability to defuse difficult situations with a humorous comment. In 1961, at the age of 18, Walesa graduated from trade school and found a job as a garage mechanic in Lochocin in north-central Poland. Two years later, Walesa joined an artillery unit in Koszalin as fulfillment of his mandatory two-year military service. As his leadership qualities became apparent, he was soon promoted to corporal and placed in charge of a squad of men. Walesa was popular with his soldiers, using humor rather than strict discipline to gain their loyalty. During his military service, Walesa grew his trademark bushy mustache. Although he was recommended for officer's training school, Walesa declined and returned to his old job in Lochocin after completing his military service in 1965. Move to Gdansk and Marriage Before long, Walesa grew restless with his job at the garage. Anxious for new opportunities, 24-year-old Lech Walesa set out by train for the northern coastal city of Gdynia in 1967. During a stop in Gdansk , Walesa went to have a beer; when he returned to the platform, his train had already left. He decided that he might as well start his new life in Gdansk. Walesa quickly found a job as an electrician at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdansk. Good-natured and energetic, he was well-liked by his co-workers. In November 1969, 26-year-old Walesa married 20-year-old Miroslawa Danuta Golos, a woman he had met at a flower shop in Gdansk. They moved into a small


In mediaeval falconry, which social level was most commonly associated with a goshawk?

Falconry in the Middle Ages Falconry in the Middle Ages A brief summary, mostly about falconry in medieval England. by Grethe Historically, no bird of prey has shared as close a relationship with humans as the falcon did during the Middle Ages, when the sport of falconry and hawking were an important part of life. It reigned as the most popular sport in England for more than four centuries. So important were falcons in England that the first laws aimed at protecting birds of prey were treated here. Perhaps no such stringent laws have ever been passed to protect a wild bird or animal. Somehow wildlife conservation was born during the age of falconry. No one knows exactly where or when humans started using trained raptors to hunt for food, but a theory says that it probably came into existence by the nomads on the Asian steppes around 2000-1600 B.C., from where it spread east to China and west to Arabia, Persia and Europe. The first record of humans using birds of prey for hunting comes from an Assyrian bas-relief dated in the early part of the seventh century B.C. References to falconry in China are as early as 680 B.C., but one Japanese work states that falcons were used as gifts to Chinese princes during the Hsia dynasty, 206-220 B.C. With the increasing trade falconry reached the Mediterranean about 400 A.D. Germanic tribes acquired the sport around the sixth century A.D., and by 875 A.D. it was practiced through western Europe and Saxon England. The first documented English falconer was the Saxon king of Kent, Ethelbert II (died 762), followed by Alfred the Great and Athelstan in the ninth century. After the Norman conquest in 1066, new raptor species were introduced in England. The Normans restricted falconry to the upper classes, and peasants could be hanged for keeping hawks. Yeomen were allowed to use the short-winged hawks, like goshawks and sparrowhawks, to hunt for food, but only king and nobility were allowed to have the more noble long-winged falcons, like gyrfalcon, peregrine and merlin. There are few written sources about falconry in the period before the Middle Ages, but already around year 1000 big amounts of art and literature began to emerge. Beyond being hunting birds the falcons were symbols of power, strength and superiority and found their place in coat of arms, banners and tapestries. The famous Bayeux tapestry is one of the best preserved contemporary sources. The first 10-15 meters of the embroidery is about a falcon hunt of Harold Godwinson's. In the thirteenth century Frederick II of Hohenstaufen brought the sport to its highest state of respectability, when he wrote "The Art of Falconry". The book took over thirty years to complete, and as one of the first scientific works about birds placed him as one of the founders of ornithology. He introduced the Arabic practice of hooding falcons to keep them tranquil during training. His work also holds several pages of interesting instructions for dog trainers. The falcons often worked in conjunction with special trained hunting dogs, raised with the falcons since puppy hood. Frederick II's book is available for modern readers, newly edited and reprinted in 1969. The position of falconer was usually handed down from father to son. In a royal household he was called Lord Falconer, sitting fourth from the king at table. He was responsible for capturing, training and caring for the hawks. He was a key number of the hunt, planning with the lord which birds to fly at which prey. He also rode to war with the lord, bringing the birds along to hunt for food. During the Hundred Year's War falcons accompanied their masters across the Channel to the battles of Grecy, Poitiers and Agincourt. When Edward III invaded France, he had thirty falconers with him. John of Gaunt often brought hunting parties to the Test Valley, and since it was due to the practice of ringing these birds, the huntings are documented in the Domesday Book. Neither hawks or falcons are suitable house-pets because they have spectacular mode of excretion, they are tradionally kept on special


"Who was expelled from school, owned two failed businesses, worked for the Northampton Repertory Company and appeared in the film ""Murder at Monte Carlo"", where he was discovered by a Warner Brothers executive and went on to make 58 films?"

21 | February | 2015 | The Lone Girl in a Crowd The Lone Girl in a Crowd February 21, 2015 While Merle Oberon was best known for playing Catherine Earnshaw from Wuthering Heights, like Heathcliff, she also had a mysterious past she covered up for years, which has just only come to light after her death. So for those who believe she was from Tasmania, you are wrong. Besides, that’s Errol Flynn’s home range, not hers. For some strange reason, we always like to know about our movie stars and celebrities, which many tend to idolize. Of course, this is a major reason why we have gossip columns, tabloids, TMZ, and a whole media industry dedicated to it. I usually stay away from the gossip because I’m really not interested in certain details of their personal lives and feel that they deserve some privacy. Also, some of the stuff you hear in the Hollywood gossip columns, well, they’re obtained through dubious means like paying people money for information, which I’ve learned in journalism class is totally unethical. In this selection, you’ll see some more Hollywood legends as well as a few from around the world, naturally. First, you have Merle Oberon best known as Catherine Earnshaw from Wuthering Heights as well as someone who lied about being born in Tasmania to conceal her mixed Indian heritage. Second, comes legendary swashbuckling Errol Flynn who was actually born in Tasmania but carried a scandalous lifestyle. Then there’s comic Danny Kaye whose films preserve his original genius in physical comedy, idiosyncratic pantomine, and rapid-fire nonsense songs. After that are French actors Maurice Chevalier and Charles Boyer who were inspirations for two very well known cartoon characters followed by legendary character actresses Agnes Moorehead and Edna May Oliver. Then there’s Madeline Kahn best known as a leading lady in Mel Brooks movies as well as Ralph Bellamy famous for playing doomed nice guys in Cary Grant films as well as Franklin Delano Roosevelt. And last but not, least is none other than one of the greatest silent screen actresses of all time Lillian Gish. So for your pleasure, here are 10 more movie stars who have never won an Oscar. 71. Merle Oberon As well as playing Cathy, Merle Oberon was really a mixed race girl from India who managed to make it big on the British screen. Of course, her career was nearly doomed due to a car accident and perhaps cosmetic poisoning and an allergic reaction to sulfa drugs. Personal Life: (1911-1979) Born Estelle Merle Thompson in Bombay, British India. Mother Anglo-Indian with partial Maori descent who might’ve had her at 12. Father might’ve been a mechanical engineer who worked in Indian Railways who later joined the British Army and died during the Battle of the Somme in WWI. Most likely raised by her grandmother. Would later try to conceal her Indian heritage by saying she was born in Tasmania and that all her school records were destroyed by fire. Would maintain such fiction for her professional life and admitted that it wasn’t true in the last year of her life. Records located since her death have confirmed her true origin. Moved to Calcutta in 1917 and quit school as a teenager. Said to work as a telephone operator, won a contest for a restaurant, and first performed with the Calcutta Amateur Dramatic Society. Was discovered by a man who said he’d introduce to her to Rex Ingram but bailed out one her once he saw she was mixed race. Yet, though he avoided her, she went to France and met Ingram at Nice. Made her first film in 1928. Came to England at 17 where she worked as a club hostess under the name Queenie O’Brien. Married 4 times with her first marriage to director Sir Alexander Korda. Adopted 2 children with third husband Bruno Pagiliai. Was involved in a serious car accident in 1937 which scarred her for life. Was said to suffer further damage to her complexion in 1940 from cosmetic poison and an allergic reaction to sulfa drugs. Retired in 1973. Died of a stroke in Malibu, California at 68. Famous for: Anglo-Indian actress. Notable roles are Anne Boleyn from The Priva


The island of Madagascar is off the coast of which African mainland country?

Madagascar Travel Guide Madagascar Travel Guide click to zoom Situated off the southeast coast of Africa, Madagascar is the fourth largest island in the world, covering an area of 590, 000 km². The climate varies greatly from a region to another: warm and rainy in the eastern parts temperate in the Highlands warm and dry in the West very hot in the South. It is separated from the coast of Africa by the Mozambique Channel, the shortest distance between the island and the mainland is 400 km. Madagascar consists mainly of a block of crystalline rocks. It is generally described as a plateau, rising sharply from the narrow plain of the east coast and descending in a series of steps to the strip of sedimentary rocks along the west coast. The high plateau is much indented and, on the eastern edge, cut by deep gorges and waterfalls. There are numerous volcanic outcrops that produce heights over 6,000 ft (the highest point being Tsaratanan, at 9,450 ft) and two former volcanic areas, Ankaratra and Andringingtra, which are over 8,500 ft. The eastern coast is almost straight and has very few anchorages. Behind its coral beaches there is an almost continuous line of lagoons from Foulpointe to Farafrandana. These are linked by man-made channels to form an inland waterway called the Pangalanes Canal. The island's major rivers flow westward. In recent years, Madagascar has become one of the most sought after destinations and yet, mass tourism has not reached the island and its charm has been preserved. The island offers uniqueness and diversity - a holiday here will be like no other... beaches, sun, sea and coconut trees are all present all along the coast. Into the mainland the beautiful scenery changes marvellously: tropical forests, dry forests, steppes and savannahs, large valleys both green and red are lined up offering you scenic beauty of the nature. The island also has a staggering diversity of plant and animal species, some 80% of which are found nowhere else on the planet. On top of that you will encounter friendly and smiling faces wherever you go reminding you of the friendly nature of the land and its inhabitants


The fifteen elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71, which includes Lanthanum (La), Cerium (Ce), Praseodymium (Pr), Neodymium (Nd), Promethium (Pm), Europium (Eu), Erbium (Er), Thulium (Tm), Ytterbium (Yb) and Lutetium (Lu), are known as what?

Rare Earth Elements (REE) Gems : ClassicGems.net Rare             Earth Elements (REE) Gems      Rare             Earth Element minerals (also referred to as "REE             minerals") are minerals that contain at least one             of the fifteen chemical elements in the periodic table             known as the lanthanides, as well as scandium (Sc) and yttrium             (Y). Scandium and yttrium are not lanthanides but are             considered to be rare earth elements because they tend to occur in the same ore deposits as the lanthanides and exhibit similar chemical properties.             The lanthanide series of chemical elements comprises the fifteen metallic elements with atomic numbers from 57 (lanthanum) through 71 (lutetium). The             fifteen lanthanides are (in order of atomic number             starting from the lowest): 57 lanthanum (La), 58 cerium (Ce), 59 praseodymium (Pr), 60 neodymium (Nd),             61 promethium (Pm), 62 samarium (Sm), 63 europium (Eu), 64 gadolinium (Gd), 65 terbium (Tb), 66 dysprosium (Dy), 67 holmium (Ho), 68 erbium (Er), 69 thulium (Tm),             70 ytterbium (Yb) and 71 lutetium (Lu). Click here for more detailed information on the lanthanides             near the bottom of this page. The             term "rare earth element" is somewhat outdated             as these elements are not particularily rare nor are they "earths". "Earths" is an obsolete mineralogical             term referring to "water-insoluble, strongly basic oxides of electropositive metals incapable of being smelted into metal" (using late 18th century technology). The REE                          elements certainly are not rare. Cerium is the most             abundant lanthanide and is the 26th most abundant element in the Earth's crust,             about as abundant as copper and more so than tin. Neodymium is more abundant than gold. The             scarcest of the lanthanides, thulium, is more abundant             than arsenic or mercury and they are not considered             to be rare. The "rare" in rare earth elements originally referred to them             typically being widely             dispersed in very small quantities throughout the Earth's             crust and very             difficult to obtain in their pure form. Because lanthanides             tend to congregate in the same minerals, the original             isolation and identification of the lanthanides was             very difficult and took well over a century of scientific             development and discovery. It took over 100 years for             all of the natrually occuring lanthanides to be discovered             and over 150 years before the last lanthanide, the synthetic             Promethium, would be "discovered". The             lanthanides are named after the element lanthanum (La)             because             it is the first in the group because it has the lowest             atomic number, 57, of the group. The name "lanthanide" was introduced by Swiss born mineralogist Victor Moritz             Goldschmidt (1888-1947)             in 1925. Victor Goldschmidt, together with Russian mineralogist and geochemist Vladimir Vernadsky             (1863-1945),             were considered to be the founders of modern geochemistry and crystal chemistry.             Goldschmidt was also the developer of the Goldschmidt Classification of elements.             The name lanthanum comes from the Greek             word λανθανω (lanthánein) meaning


From the 17th century to the early 20th century what was the main material used for billiard balls?

A Bridge To The 18th Century - College Essays / Book Reports A Bridge To The 18th Century This essay A Bridge To The 18th Century is available for you on Essays24.com! Search Term Papers, College Essay Examples and Free Essays on Essays24.com - full papers database. Autor: anton   •  October 31, 2010  •  572 Words (3 Pages)  •  540 Views Page 1 of 3 American Plastic Plastic materials have become so numerous that you cannot go through a single day without touching something made of plastic. Toothbrushes, ballpoint pens, unbreakable dishes, cabinets and knobs for machines and appliances, light switches - all of these things and many more are made of plastic. It seems hard to believe that before 1869, there was no such thing as plastic. The first plastic, celluloid, was invented in 1869 by John Wesley Hyatt, (Meikle 5). A $10,000 prize had been offered to anyone who invented a material that could replace ivory for making billiard balls. In his experiments, Hyatt dissolved nitrocellulose and camphor in alcohol. This produced a solid, white material that could be pressed into blocks. The celluloid blocks could then be cut and ground into billiard balls. Mr. Hyatt won the prize and patented his invention (10, 11). For more that 40 years afterward, Hyatt's celluloid was the only kind of plastic. Manufacturers began making it into combs and brushes, buttons, piano keys, handles, and stiff collards and cuffs for men's shirts (24, 25). Celluloid also became the main material for making plates for false teeth. The celluloid plastic was lighter and had less taste than the hard rubber that had previously been used to hold false teeth. George Eastman, a manufacturer of photographic equipment, invented a way to make celluloid film. Photographers until then had been taking pictures on chemically treated glass plates. The main problem with celluloid was that it caught fire easily. In 1909, Leo Hendrik Baekeland, a Belgian chemist living in New Jersey, invented a new kind of plastic called Bakelite. Bakelite was hard to burn and impossible to melt. Telephone sets were among the first products made from Bakelite (34-50). Since the early 1900's, many different plastics have been developed, each having a special characteristic or advantage that makes it good for various purposes. Some plastics stood heat better, while some withstood shock better. Some could be spun into thread from making fabrics such as nylon. In 1938, Du Pont publicly announced ...


What nationality was Abel Janszoon Tasman the voyager, explorer and map maker?

The First Discovery of Australia treasure found hidden with no evidence of ownership   Title:   The First Discovery of Australia With an account of the Voyage of       the "Duyfken" and the Career of Captain Willem Jansz. Author:   T D Mutch * A Project Gutenberg of Australia eBook * eBook No.: 0600631h.html Edition:  1 Language:  English Character set encoding:   HTML--Latin-1(ISO-8859-1)--8 bit Date first posted:     May 2006 Date most recently updated: May 2006 This eBook was produced by: Colin Choat and Bob Forsyth Project Gutenberg of Australia eBooks are created from printed editions which are in the public domain in Australia, unless a copyright notice is included. We do NOT keep any eBooks in compliance with a particular paper edition. Copyright laws are changing all over the world. Be sure to check the copyright laws for your country before downloading or redistributing this file. This eBook is made available at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg of Australia License which may be viewed online at http://gutenberg.net.au/licence.html To contact Project Gutenberg of Australia go to http://gutenberg.net.au The First Discovery of Australia With an account of the Voyage of the "Duyfken" and the Career of Captain Willem Jansz. by Formerly Minister for Education, N.S.W.; Trustee, Public Library and Mitchell Library, N.S.W. SYDNEY 1942 Reprinted from the Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society, Vol. XXVIII., Part V. (WITH A PREFACE.) CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. ILLUSTRATIONS. (No. 1) A Dutch Ship of the Duyfken Type and Time.--This drawing is from Henry B. Culver's The Book of Old Ships (New York, 1924), and represents the Halve Maen, in which Henry Hudson, an English navigator in the service of the Dutch, sailed up the Hudson River (New York State) in 1609. The Halve Maen was a Dutch "yacht" of the same type and size as the Duyfken, carried the same number of men, and was afloat at the same period. A full-sized replica of this vessel was presented by the Dutch people to New York on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of Hudson's discovery. There is no authentic picture of the Duyfken available, but contemporary prints give a good idea of the appearance of the vessel. (No. 2) The Four Vessels of the Dutch 'First Fleet.--This illustration was reprinted in De Eerst Schipvaart, Vol. II. (Linschoten-Vereeniging, The Hague, 1925), from an engraving dated 1611. (No. 3) Hessel Gerritsz's Map of the Pacific, 1622.--This map of the Pacific Ocean, the south-western section of which is here reproduced, is the first map to show any part of Australia, being that portion of Cape York Peninsula discovered by the Duyfken in 1606, described on the map as "Nueva Guinea." It also shows a space between Australia and New Guinea, though the Dutch at that time were not certain that Torres Strait existed. The illustration is from the Mitchell Library coloured facsimile of the original, which is in the Depot des Cartes de la Marine, Paris. (No. 4) The Duyfken Chart.--This is from the copy in Dr. F. C. Wieder's Monumenta Cartographica (The Hague, 1933). (No. 5) The course of the Duyfken applied to a modern map.--The course of the Duyfken on the voyage of discovery to and from Australia and Banda is here applied to a map of the Indian Ocean from the National Geographic Magazine (Washington, D.C.). Some emendations have been made for the sake of clarity. (No. 6) Letter of Willem Jansz, 1618.--This letter is in the National Archives at The Hague. (Mitchell Library photostat.) (No. 7) Gerritsz's Map of Western Australia, 1618-1628.--This shows the western and southern coasts of Australia accidentally discovered by the Dutch when sailing from the Cape of Good Hope to Java between 1616 and 1628. It does not include the discoveries in the Gulf of Carpentaria by the Duyfken (1606) and the Pera and Arnhem (1623). Willem's River, the location of the second landfall of Willem Jansz on the coast of Australia, appears on


"Who was the (subsequently) Pulitzer-Prize-winning American playwright who wrote ""The Odd Couple""?"

The Odd Couple The Odd Couple 933 words, approx. 4 pages The Odd Couple Can two divorced men share an apartment without driving each other crazy? That was the question that fueled a play, a movie, and a classic sitcom. Neil Simon's 1965 play The Odd ... Read more Neil Simon Biographies (4) (Marvin) Neil Simon 6,629 words, approx. 23 pages One of America's most popular and prolific playwrights is Neil Simon. Having seventeen Broadway productions to his credit, as well as screenplays and television scripts, Simon has entertained audience... Read more (Marvin) Neil Simon 9,116 words, approx. 31 pages Neil Simon is a master of comedy and one of the most popular dramatists in the history of the American theater. His plays, which range from light romantic comedy and farce to drama, have entertained B... Read more Neil Simon 1,658 words, approx. 6 pages Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright Neil Simon (born 1927) has become America's most prolific and popular dramatist. His tragicomic plays expose human frailties and make people laugh at themselves.One o... Read more Neil Simon 5,130 words, approx. 18 pages "When I was a kid," playwright Neil Simon tells Tom Prideaux of Life, "I climbed up on a stone ledge to watch an outdoor movie of Charlie Chaplin. I laughed so hard I fell off, cut my head open and wa... Read more


Which South American country extends the furthest east?

Countries of the World - 2 | Britannica.com Countries of the World This general category includes a selection of more specific topics. Browse Subcategories: (240) Displaying 1 - 100 of 195 results Afghanistan landlocked multiethnic country located in the heart of south-central Asia. Lying along important trade routes connecting southern and eastern Asia to Europe and the Middle East, Afghanistan has long been a prize sought by empire builders, and for millennia... Albania country in southern Europe, located in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula on the Strait of Otranto, the southern entrance to the Adriatic Sea. The capital city is Tirana (Tiranë). Albanians refer to themselves as shqiptarë —often taken to mean... Algeria large, predominantly Muslim country of North Africa. From the Mediterranean coast, along which most of its people live, Algeria extends southward deep into the heart of the Sahara, a forbidding desert where the Earth’s hottest surface temperatures have... Andorra small independent European coprincipality situated among the southern peaks of the Pyrenees Mountains and bounded by France to the north and east and by Spain to the south and west. It is one of the smallest states in Europe. The capital is Andorra la... Angola country located in southwestern Africa. A large country, Angola takes in a broad variety of landscapes, including the semidesert Atlantic littoral bordering Namibia ’s “Skeleton Coast,” the sparsely populated rainforest interior, the rugged highlands... Antigua and Barbuda islands that form an independent state in the Lesser Antilles in the eastern Caribbean Sea, at the southern end of the Leeward Islands chain. There is one dependency, the small island of Redonda. The capital is St. John’s, on Antigua. Land Antigua’s... Argentina country of South America, covering most of the southern portion of the continent. The world’s eighth largest country, Argentina occupies an area more extensive than Mexico and the U.S. state of Texas combined. It encompasses immense plains, deserts,... Armenia country of Transcaucasia, lying just south of the great mountain range of the Caucasus and fronting the northwestern extremity of Asia. To the north and east Armenia is bounded by Georgia and Azerbaijan, while its neighbours to the southeast and west... Australia the smallest continent and one of the largest countries on Earth, lying between the Pacific and Indian oceans in the Southern Hemisphere. Australia’s capital is Canberra, located in the southeast between the larger and more important economic and cultural... Austria largely mountainous landlocked country of south-central Europe. Together with Switzerland, it forms what has been characterized as the neutral core of Europe, notwithstanding Austria’s full membership since 1995 in the supranational European Union (EU).... Azerbaijan country of eastern Transcaucasia. Occupying an area that fringes the southern flanks of the Caucasus Mountains, it is bounded on the north by Russia, on the east by the Caspian Sea, on the south by Iran, on the west by Armenia, and on the northwest by... Bahamas, The archipelago and state on the northwestern edge of the West Indies. Formerly a British colony, The Bahamas became an independent country within the Commonwealth in 1973. The name Bahamas is of Lucayan Taino (Arawakan) derivation, although some historians... Bahrain small Arab state situated in a bay on the southwestern coast of the Persian Gulf. It is an archipelago consisting of Bahrain Island and some 30 smaller islands. Its name is from the Arabic term al-bahrayn, meaning “two seas.” Located in one of the world’s... Bangladesh country of south-central Asia, located in the delta of the Padma (Ganges [Ganga]) and Jamuna (Brahmaputra) rivers in the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent. The riverine country of Bangladesh (“Land of the Bengals”) is one of the most densely... Barbados island country in the southeastern Caribbean Sea, situated about 100 miles (160 km) east of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Roughly triangular in shape, the island


How many different people were Prime Minister of Australia in the first 100 years after it became a Dominion in 1901?

Timeline - Australia's Prime Ministers AUSTRALIA'S PRIME MINISTERS 01 Jan 1901 1st Prime Minister and 1st Governor-General Lord Hopetoun became the first Governor-General and Edmund Barton the first Prime Minister. Both were sworn in at the ceremony inaugurating the Commonwealth of Australia. Edmund Barton 29 Mar 1901 1st federal elections Voters elected 75 members to the House of Representatives. Voters in the six states elected 36 representatives to the first Senate. This was the only federal election to take place on two days, 29 and 30 March. Edmund Barton 09 May 1901 Parliament House for a day The grand opening of parliament in Melbourne's Exhibition Building in the morning, was followed by the first sitting of the House of Representatives and the Senate in their borrowed home, Victoria's Parliament House. Edmund Barton 10 May 1901 Parliament sits in Melbourne Parliament House The first meeting of the Australian parliament took place in the Melbourne Exhibition Building on 9 May 1901. By the next day, parliament had moved to its new home for the next 26 years, the Melbourne Parliament House. Edmund Barton 03 Sep 1901 An Australian flag chosen A huge flag showing the winning design of Union Jack and Southern Cross on a blue background was unfurled over the Exhibition Building, Melbourne. The same design on a red background was used for merchant ships. It was many years before the blue flag officially replaced the British Union Jack for all other uses. Edmund Barton 23 Dec 1901 Dictating a 'White Australia' The enactment of the Immigration Restriction Act meant a dictation test became an effective way of excluding people from Australia. It enabled the government to create a predominantly European population. The 'White Australia' policy was finally dismantled in 1966 by the Holt government. Edmund Barton 31 May 1902 Boer War ends From 1899 when the war in South Africa broke out, troops from the Australian colonies had been sent to fight for Britain against the Afrikaners (former Dutch colonists). Despite the passionate arguments of Leader of the Opposition GH Reid, parliament agreed to send Commonwealth troops. They arrived shortly before the surrender of the Boer army. Edmund Barton 09 Aug 1902 Coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra When Queen Victoria died on 22 January 1901, her son Edward acceded to the throne. Prime Minister Edmund Barton led the Australian representation at the coronation in Westminster Abbey the following year. Edmund Barton 03 Nov 1902 The empire cable Postmaster-General James Drake opened the submarine telegraph cable from Vancouver, Canada to Southport, Queensland. This completed an all-British link thirty years after a London to Darwin cable was connected to South Australia’s overland telegraph line. The telegraph cable circling the globe enabled information to be sent by Morse code in ‘dot-dash’ electrical signals. Edmund Barton 09 Jan 1903 2nd Governor-General Lord Tennyson, a former South Australian Governor, was confirmed as Australia’s second Governor-General. He had been acting since 17 July 1902 when Lord Hopetoun left Australia. Lord Tennyson remained in office until 21 January 1904. Alfred Deakin 24 Sep 1903 2nd Prime Minister When Edmund Barton resigned to become a judge of the High Court, his friend and deputy Prime Minister Alfred Deakin succeeded him. Alfred Deakin 06 Oct 1903 High Court established Sir Samuel Griffith, Sir Edmund Barton and Richard O’Connor met for the first sitting of the High Court of Australia. In 1906 HB Higgins and Sir Isaac Isaacs joined them when the Deakin government increased the bench to five. In 1913 the Fisher government gave the Court its present size of seven judges. Alfred Deakin Lord Northcote served as Governor-General until 9 September 1908. Alfred Deakin 02 Mar 1904 Opening of 2nd parliament The second parliament opened and closed with the same Prime Minister, but there were four changes of government and three different Prime Ministers between the 1903 and 1906 federal elections. This was the most unstable of Australia's 40 parli


Whose chances of winning the 2010 PGA Chamionship were dashed when he received a two shot penalty at the last hole for grounding his club in a bunker?

Myrtle Beach Golf News - Myrtle Beach Golf - Official Golf Website of Myrtle Beach Ocean Reef Welcome to The Ocean Reef Resort. If you and your family desire the most from your Myrtle Beach vacations, then come visit us. Our beautiful oceanfront resort offers the best in top-of-the-line accommodations, amenities, activities and much more. Experience our tropical paradise that offers guests guaranteed fun-filled days in or out of the sun. The Ocean Reef offers great on-site dining, a fitness facility, convention accommodations, children's summer activity program and much more. Ocean Reef Resort is located just minutes from great attractions, amusements, entertainment, the world famous Grand Strand golf and all the Grand Strand has to offer. « Back To News Wild Wing Plantation: One of Myrtle Beach Golf’s Hidden Gems Wild Wing Plantation is tucked away in a quiet forest off Highway 501 just west of Myrtle Beach in Conway. It is home to 27 holes of golf that may strike some as off-the-beaten-path relative to some of the area’s other layouts, but once you visit, you’ll realize that the extra few minutes you may spend getting there are well worth it. The centerpiece of the property is the 18-hole Avocet Course, designed by former American Society of Golf Course Architects (ASGCA) president Jeff Brauer, who worked closely on the course design with three-time PGA Tour major champion Larry Nelson. The Avocet Course opened in 1991 and has a fun, modern design full of risk-reward opportunities, as well as a number of holes and features you will not find anywhere else in the region. My favorite hole at the Avocet, and one of my favorites in all of Myrtle Beach, is the potentially drivable par-four 14th, nicknamed “Double Dare.” A split fairway greets players, as does a rectangular green with a series of mounds running front-to-back across the middle. Keep in mind that attempting to drive the green may not be the wisest play, nor the best one for you. But that’s all right, because there are a half dozen different ways to play the hole, ranging from two safe mid-irons played up the left-hand fairway, to a drive and a pitch from the right-side fairway, to the aforementioned mighty swing at the green itself, plus some variations in between. Much of the strategy of the hole is dictated by the pin position, which means the hole will play differently each time — making the Avocet a course you might do well to consider playing multiple times on your trip. This is especially true since the course is well-known for its excellent conditioning and fast greens, which you will enjoy putting on. The Avocet is not Wild Wing’s only golf attraction, however. There is also the Hummingbird Nine — which, by contrast, is geared for the enjoyment of beginners and time-constrained golfers alike. It is also perfect for a fun nine-hole game after you’ve taken on the Avocet Course. At just over 3,000 yards from the longest set of tees with a par of 34, the Willard Byrd design adopts the modern orientation toward fun and fast play for those looking for an affordable extra nine-hole round. With one of Myrtle Beach’s most underrated 18-hole golf courses and a bonus fun nine-hole loop, Wild Wing Plantation should be near the top of your wish list for golf stops on any Myrtle Beach vacation. He’s Back: Tiger Woods Is Healthy and Ready to Get Back to Golf It was a long wait, but it finally came to an end last month. At long last, Tiger Woods is officially back on the golf course in a competitive capacity. There was something of a false start back in the fall, when Woods, who had previously indicated his intention to play in October’s PGA Tour season-opening Safeway Open, ultimately passed on playing. But a few weeks later, he committed to play in December’s star-studded, 18-player Hero World Challenge, the event for which he serves as host. When Woods teed it up on Dec. 1, it marked the end of a 15-month layoff from professional golf — and the end of 15 months of intense speculation about his ability to continue to play quality golf at the world’s highest level at


Who created and performed the most soundtracks for the film Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps?

Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps (2010) - Soundtracks - IMDb Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps (2010) Written by Ali Dee (as Ali Theodore), Julian Davis , Robert Miller, Joe Smart and Yusef Jackson Performed by Basko feat. Nomadik & Chris Classic Courtesy of DeeTown Entertainment Written and Performed by David Byrne and Brian Eno Courtesy of Todo Mundo, Ltd./Opal Ltd. LIFE IS LONG Written and Performed by David Byrne and Brian Eno Courtesy of Todo Mundo, Ltd./Opal Ltd. REALITY CHECK Written by T. Rosell, C. Sanchez, D. L. Routh and E. Haro Performed by STIGMATO, INC. Courtesy of Cool Sound Music / Plusmusic S.L. Barcelona IS IT REALLY POSSIBLE (Cato Remix) Written by Axel Hirn , Bjorn Klein, Herfried Knapp, Thomas Unegbu, Flip Philipp, Michale Steindl Jurgen Mitterlehner and Daniel Nosig Performed by Wet Cookies Remix and Additional Production by Cato Courtesy of Cat' N Roof Records By Arrangement with Visions from the Roof DIAMOND BELLY BUTTON Written and Performed by Speed Caravan Courtesy of Real World Records ALRIGHT, ALRIGHT (SEASIDE REMIX) Written by Patrick DuVoisin, Riccardo Montanari and Davide Ruberto Performed by Centric House By Arrangement with PigFACTORY USA, LLC. I BE DOIN' IT Performed by Chris Classic (as Classic) Courtesy of DeeTown Entertainment Written and Performed by David Byrne Courtesy of Todo Mundo, Ltd. STRANGE OVERTONES


Prepatellar bursitis is more commonly known as what?

Prepatellar Bursitis of the Kneecap Limited range of motion of the knee Painful movement of the knee Redness on the front of the knee The swelling of knee bursitis is within the bursa, not the knee joint itself. People often call any swelling of the knee joint " water on the knee ," but it is important to differentiate fluid accumulation within the bursa, versus fluid accumulation within the knee joint. Treatment of Knee Bursitis Treatment of prepatellar bursitis begins with avoiding the aggravating activity. Other commonly used treatments include anti-inflammatory medications , ice application, and compression wraps. When there is significant accumulation of fluid in the bursa, consideration can be given to remove the fluid by draining the bursa with a needle and syringe. If the fluid is drained from the bursa, analysis of this fluid can be performed if there is a question of infection. If there is no concern for infection, often a cortisone injection will also be administered to hopefully prevent the fluid from coming back. Patients who do have infection of their bursa require additional treatment. There is debate about the best treatment, and it likely depends on the severity of the infection and the individual patient to know the best treatment. Options may include oral antibiotic treatment, intravenous antibiotics, or surgery to remove the infected bursa. Usually is an infection is detected quickly, simple treatments will begin, whereas more aggressive, advanced infections may require a surgical procedure to clean the infection to prevent it from spreading. Sources: Aaron DL, et al. "Four Common Types of Bursitis: Diagnosis and Management" J Am Acad Orthop Surg June 2011 ; 19:359-367. Prepatellar (Kneecap) Bursitis, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, March, 2014. Continue Reading


What is the name of the desert basin in the Libyan Desert which, at 133 m below sea level, contains the second lowest point in Africa?

Eight Lowest Points On Earth - InfopediaPk - All facts in one site Eight Lowest Points On Earth Eight Lowest Points on Earth Name of Point A view from the Israeli side looking across to Jordan Dead Sea- In Dead Sea Depression The Dead Sea Depression is an extensive area of land that is below sea level. It contains the Dead Sea, the Sea of Galilee, a portion of the Jordan River, large areas of cultivated land and many communities. The shoreline of the Dead Sea is the lowest  land on Earth.  The Dead Sea (Arabic: البحر الميت  Al-Bahr al-Mayyit or less commonly bahr lut,بحر لوط, "the Sea of Lot", Hebrew: Yam Ha-Melah, "Sea of Salt",Urdu بحیرہ مردار), also called the Salt Sea, is a salt lake bordering Jordan to the east and Israel and the West Bank to the west.  Its surface and shores are 422 metres (1,385 ft) below sea level,the lowest elevation on the Earth's surface on dry land. The Dead Sea is 378 m (1,240 ft) deep, the deepest hypersaline lake in the world.  It is 8.6 or 9 times more salty than the ocean.This salinity makes for a harsh environment where animals cannot flourish, hence its name. The Dead Sea is 67 kilometres (42 mi) long and 18 kilometres (11 mi) wide at its widest point. It lies in the Jordan Rift Valley, and its main tributary is the Jordan River. The Dead Sea has attracted visitors from around the Mediterranean basin for thousands of years.  It was one of the world's first health resorts (for Herod the Great), and it has been the supplier of a wide variety of products, from balms for Egyptian mummification to potash (Potassium,K) for fertilizers. People also use the salt and the minerals from the Dead Sea to create cosmetics and herbal sachets. In 2009, 1.2 million foreign tourists visited on the Israeli side. The sea has a density of 1.24 kg/L, making swimming difficult but providing a relaxing floating experience for tourists. Lake Assal Lake Assal-In the Afar Depression The shoreline of Lake Assal is the lowest point in Africa and the second lowest location on Earth.Lake Assal is located in the Afar Depression which is formed at a triple junction of tectonic plates (Indian, African and Arabian). It Latitude and Longitude is 11°39′N 42°25′E. Lake Assal (French: Lac Assal) is a crater lake (A crater lake is a lake that forms in a volcanic crater or caldera, such as a maar, or in an impact crater caused by a meteorite) in central Djibouti, located at the southern border of Tadjoura Region, touching Dikhil Region, some 120 km (75 mi) west of Djibouti city (Capital of the Republic of Djibouti). It lies 155 m (509 ft) below sea level in the Afar Depression and its shores comprise the lowest point on land in Africa and the second lowest land depression on Earth after the Dead Sea. It measures 19 by 7 km (4.3 mi) and has an area of 54 km2 (21 sq mi). The maximum depth is 40 m (130 ft), whereas the mean depth is 7.4 m (24 ft), which makes for a water volume of 400 million cubic metres (320,000 acre·ft). The catchment area measures 900 km2 (350 sq mi), and there is just a residual runoff of fresh water into the lake. Lake Assal is considered the most saline body of water on earth outside Antarctica, with 34.8 percent salt concentration (up to 40% at 20 m (66 ft) depth), similar to Garabogazköl and higher than the 33.7 percent level in the Dead Sea (often incorrectly considered the world's most saline lake), and an average of 3.5 percent in the world's oceans. Only some hypersaline lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys in Antarctica such as Don Juan Pond have a higher salinity. One thing that makes Assal unique is that, unlike the other major hypersaline lakes of the world, its major source of water is not from incoming streams. The sources of the lake are hot springs whose salinity is close to sea water, which are fed by the Gulf of Tadjoura (French: Golfe de Tadjoura), the western extension of the Gulf of Aden, specifically the nearly closed-off bay Ghoubet Kharab, about 10 km southeast of the lake. The area is wild and desert-like, and no fauna or flora can be seen in the syrupy waters of the lake. The high temp


On 27 April 2010, the debt rating of which country was decreased to 'junk' status by Standard & Poor's, amidst fears of default by the government?

The Greek Debt Crisis - Research Paper The Greek Debt Crisis Autor: Stella   •  December 3, 2011  •  Research Paper  •  2,562 Words (11 Pages)  •  985 Views Page 1 of 11 The recent worldwide financial crisis (often called the Global Financial Crisis) is considered by many economists to be the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. It has resulted in the collapse of several US and European financial institutions, the bailout of banks and major corporations by national governments and severe falls in equity markets across the world. In the US and UK the housing markets also suffered, resulting in thousands of evictions, foreclosures and vacancies. It contributed to the failure of key corporations, declines in personal wealth estimated in the trillions of dollars and a severe decline in economic activity, leading to a significant global economic recession in 2008/9. It has now given way to an emerging sovereign debt crisis, currently centered in Europe. This report focuses on Greece, the current epicentre of distressed sovereign debt. This report reviews the factors giving rise to the crisis and determines that the world has not yet successfully recovered and that further trouble is likely to lie ahead. 3 The European Sovereign Debt Crisis From late 2009, fears of a sovereign debt crisis developed among conservative investors concerning some European states, with the situation initially coming to a climax in early 2010.  This included EU members including Greece, Ireland, Spain and Portugal and also some other EU countries. Iceland, the country which experienced the most significant crisis in 2008 when its entire international banking system collapsed has emerged less affected by the sovereign debt crisis as the government was unable to bail its banks out. In the EU, especially in countries where sovereign debts have increased sharply due to the bailout of banks, a crisis of confidence has developed with the widening of bond yield spreads and risk insurance on credit default swaps between these countries and other EU countries, most notably Germany. While the sovereign debt increases have been most pronounced in only a few EU countries they have developed into a serious problem for the entire region. In May 2011, the crisis resurfaced, concerning mostly the refinancing of Greek public debts. The Greek people have generally rejected the austerity measures and have expressed their dissatisfaction through angry street protests. In late June 2011, the crisis situation was again temporarily brought under control with the Greek government managing to pass a package of new austerity measures and EU leaders pledging funds to support the country. Concern about rising government deficits and debt levels across the globe together with a wave of downgrading of European government debt created alarm in financial markets in early 2010. On 9 May 2010, Europe's Finance Ministers approved a comprehensive rescue package worth €750 billion aimed at ensuring financial stability across Europe by creating the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF). In 2010 the debt crisis was mostly centered on events in Greece, where the cost of financing government debt was rising. On 2 May 2010, the EU countries and the International Monetary Fund agreed to a €110 billion loan for Greece, conditional on the implementation of harsh austerity measures. The Greek bail-out was followed by a €85 billion rescue package for Ireland in November, and a €78 billion bail-out for Portugal in May 2011. This was the first EU crisis since its creation in 1999. Niall Ferguson, the prominent academic and author, wrote in 2010 that "the sovereign debt crisis that is unfolding...is a fiscal crisis of the western world". 4 Causes of the Greek Crisis Figure One: Greek debt as a percentage of GDP in comparison to EU average From 2000 to 2007, the Greek economy was one of the fastest growing in the EU. During that period, it grew at an annual rate of over 4% as foreign capital flooded the country. A growing economy and falling bond yields allowed t


"Who played ""Elaine Robinson"" in the 1967 film, ""The Graduate""?"

The Graduate (1967) | The Film Spectrum The Graduate (1967) Producer: Lawrence Turman (United Artists) Writers: Charles Webb (novel), Calder Willingham and Buck Henry (screenplay) Photography: Robert Sourtees Cast: Dustin Hoffman, Anne Bancroft, Katherine Ross, William Daniels, Murray Hamilton Introduction “I’ve had this feeling ever since I’ve graduated, this kind of compulsion that I have to be rude all the time, you know what I mean? It’s like I’ve been playing some kind of game but the rules don’t make any sense to me. They’re being made up by all the wrong people.” The power of The Graduate can be summed up in two images. The first is Benjamin lying in the pool, post-graduation, trying to decide what to do in life. We’ve all been there, that coming-of-age feeling of a “quarter-life crisis,” uncertain about our future. The second is the famous shot under Mrs. Robinson’s leg. In one shot, The Graduate opened Hollywood’s bedroom door, planting the seeds for phrases like “MILF” and “cougar” and paving the way for so many sex comedies to come, from American Pie to Desperate Housewives. If you think such material shocks audiences today, imagine the impact in 1967. Together, this combo of coming-of-age politics and groundbreaking sexual revolution changed the course of movie — and American — history. The Graduate taught studio heads that great success could be had by making hipper films targeting younger audiences, marking a demarcation point from the “sword and sandal” epics of the ’50s and early ’60s. Director Mike Nichols played upon the generation gap, flattering youth by depicting adults as materialistic hypocrites, while leading Hollywood down a more socially-relevant path. If you’ve never seen the movie, prepare yourself for some seemingly random scuba diving, extended montage lounging and an uncertain ending interpreted in two different ways by Joseph Gordon-Levitt and Zooey Deschanel in (500) Days of Summer (2009). While these elements can be challenging, I assure you they are not random. They are the keys to understanding one of the best displays of directing in movie history and will bring you a new appreciation for one of the most important movies ever made. Plot Summary No love triangle has ever been as awkward for characters or as intriguing for viewers as the one in The Graduate. Benjamin Braddock (Dustin Hoffman) is a young college graduate overwhelmed by the thought of his future; the wife of his father’s business partner, Mrs. Robinson (Anne Bancroft), is an alcoholic, middle-aged temptress who seduces Benjamin into having an affair; and her sweet daughter, Elaine (Katherine Ross), genuinely falls for Benjamin, unaware that he’s having an affair with her mother. When Benjamin tries to call off the affair to date Elaine, Mrs. Robinson fights back, sending Elaine off to college at UC Berkeley. Believing Elaine might be his one true love, Benjamin hits the road to make amends. Can he catch her in time before she marries another man? Screenplay The script was based on a 1963 novel by Charles Webb, who truly put his money where his mouth was. Webb applied the book’s anti-materialistic values to his own life, selling all the money he made from the movie, even his wedding presents, to work minimum wage jobs. While a horrible business decision, Webb believed what he was writing, and that authenticity bleeds from the story. When it came time to adapt the book for the silver screen, the job went to screenwriters Calder Willingham and Buck Henry. Willingham knew good filmmaking, having written Paths of Glory (1957) for Stanley Kubrick and One-Eyed Jacks (1961) for Marlon Brando, and went on to write for Hoffman again in Little Big Man (1970). Meanwhile, Henry made a memorable cameo as the hotel desk clerk, before becoming one of the most coveted screenwriters of the ’70s, reuniting with Nichols for Catch-22 (1970), winning the WGA Award for Best Original Comedy in Peter Bogdanovich’s What’s Up, Doc? (1972) and earning a second Oscar nomination for Warren Beatty’s Heaven Can Wait (1978). Still, none of those scripts


"The line ""Greed, for lack of a better word, is good. Greed is right. Greed works. Greed clarifies, cuts through, and captures, the essence of the evolutionary spirit. Greed, in all of its forms; greed for life, for money, for love, knowledge, has marked the upward surge of mankind ..."" is from which film?"

Wall Street (1987) - Quotes - IMDb Wall Street (1987) Quotes Showing all 78 items Gordon Gekko : The richest one percent of this country owns half our country's wealth, five trillion dollars. One third of that comes from hard work, two thirds comes from inheritance, interest on interest accumulating to widows and idiot sons and what I do, stock and real estate speculation. It's bullshit. You got ninety percent of the American public out there with little or no net worth. I create nothing. I own. We make the rules, pal. The news, war, peace, famine, upheaval, the price per paper clip. We pick that rabbit out of the hat while everybody sits out there wondering how the hell we did it. Now you're not naive enough to think we're living in a democracy, are you buddy? It's the free market. And you're a part of it. You've got that killer instinct. Stick around pal, I've still got a lot to teach you. Share this: Facebook  |  Twitter  |  Permalink Hide options Gordon Gekko : [at the Teldar Paper stockholder's meeting] Well, I appreciate the opportunity you're giving me Mr. Cromwell as the single largest shareholder in Teldar Paper, to speak. Well, ladies and gentlemen we're not here to indulge in fantasy but in political and economic reality. America, America has become a second-rate power. Its trade deficit and its fiscal deficit are at nightmare proportions. Now, in the days of the free market when our country was a top industrial power, there was accountability to the stockholder. The Carnegies, the Mellons, the men that built this great industrial empire, made sure of it because it was their money at stake. Today, management has no stake in the company! All together, these men sitting up here own less than three percent of the company. And where does Mr. Cromwell put his million-dollar salary? Not in Teldar stock; he owns less than one percent. You own the company. That's right, you, the stockholder. And you are all being royally screwed over by these, these bureaucrats, with their luncheons, their hunting and fishing trips, their corporate jets and golden parachutes. Cromwell : This is an outrage! You're out of line Gekko! Gordon Gekko : Teldar Paper, Mr. Cromwell, Teldar Paper has 33 different vice presidents each earning over 200 thousand dollars a year. Now, I have spent the last two months analyzing what all these guys do, and I still can't figure it out. One thing I do know is that our paper company lost 110 million dollars last year, and I'll bet that half of that was spent in all the paperwork going back and forth between all these vice presidents. The new law of evolution in corporate America seems to be survival of the unfittest. Well, in my book you either do it right or you get eliminated. In the last seven deals that I've been involved with, there were 2.5 million stockholders who have made a pretax profit of 12 billion dollars. Thank you. I am not a destroyer of companies. I am a liberator of them! The point is, ladies and gentleman, that greed, for lack of a better word, is good. Greed is right, greed works. Greed clarifies, cuts through, and captures the essence of the evolutionary spirit. Greed, in all of its forms; greed for life, for money, for love, knowledge has marked the upward surge of mankind. And greed, you mark my words, will not only save Teldar Paper, but that other malfunctioning corporation called the USA. Thank you very much. Share this: Facebook  |  Twitter  |  Permalink Hide options [Blue Star has gone from 24 to 16 1/2 in a very short time] Gordon Gekko : Fox, where the hell are you? I am losing MILLIONS! You got me into this airline and you sure as hell better get me out or the only job you'll ever have on the Street is SWEEPING IT! You hear me, Fox? Bud Fox : You once told me, don't get emotional about stock. Don't! The bid is 16 1/2 and going down. As your broker, I advise you to take it. Gordon Gekko : Yeah. Well you TAKE IT! [shouts] Gordon Gekko : [meeting alone together in Central Park] Hiya, Buddy. Bud Fox : [nods as the both walk up to face one another] Gordon. Gordon Gekko : [with a


What is the largest island administered by the People's Republic of China, which is due east of Vietnam?

People's Republic of China | Facts and History People's Republic of China | Facts and History People's Republic of China | Facts and History Great Wall of China.  View Stock via Getty Images By Kallie Szczepanski Updated August 09, 2016. The history of China reaches back over 4,000 years. In that time, China has created a culture rich in philosophy and the arts. China has seen the invention of amazing technologies such as silk, paper , gunpowder , and many other products. Over the millennia, China has fought hundreds of wars. It has conquered its neighbors, and been conquered by them in turn. Early Chinese explorers such as Admiral Zheng He sailed all the way to Africa; today, China's space program continues this tradition of exploration. This snapshot of the People's Republic of China today includes a necessarily brief scan of China's ancient heritage. Capital and Major Cities: Hong Kong , population 7 million. Dongguan, population 6.5 million. Tianjin, population 5 million. Government: The People's Republic of China is a socialist republic ruled by a single party, the Communist Party of China. continue reading below our video 4 Tips for Improving Test Performance Power in the People's Republic is divided between the National People's Congress (NPC), the President, and the State Council. The NPC is the single legislative body, whose members are selected by the Communist Party. The State Council, headed by the Premier, is the administrative branch. The People's Liberation Army also wields considerable political power. The current President of China and General Secretary of the Communist Party is Xi Jinping. The Premier is Li Keqiang. Official Language: The official language of the PRC is Mandarin, a tonal language in the Sino-Tibetan family. Within China, however, only about 53 per cent of the population can communicate in Standard Mandarin. Other important languages in China include Wu, with 77 million speakers; Min, with 60 million; Cantonese, 56 million speakers; Jin, 45 million speakers; Xiang, 36 million; Hakka , 34 million; Gan, 29 million; Uighur , 7.4 million; Tibetan, 5.3 million; Hui, 3.2 million; and Ping, with 2 million speakers. Dozens of minority languages also exist in the PRC, including Kazakh, Miao, Sui, Korean, Lisu, Mongolian, Qiang, and Yi. Population: China has the largest population of any country on Earth, with more than 1.35 billion people. The government has long been concerned about population growth, and introduced the " One-Child Policy " in 1979. Under this policy, families were limited to just one child. Couples who got pregnant for a second time faced forced abortions or sterilization. This policy was loosened in December of 2013 to allow couples to have two children if one or both of the parents were only children themselves. There are exceptions to the policy for ethnic minorities, as well. Rural Han Chinese families also have always been able to have a second child if the first is a girl or has disabilities. Religion: Under the communist system, religion has been officially discouraged in China. Actual suppression has varied from one religion to another, and from year to year. Many Chinese are nominally Buddhist and/or Taoist , but don't practice regularly. People who self-identify as Buddhist total about 50 per cent, overlapping with the 30 per cent who are Taoist. Fourteen percent are atheists, four percent Christians, 1.5 per cent Muslims, and tiny percentages are Hindu, Bon, or Falun Gong adherents. Most Chinese Buddhists follow Mahayana or Pure Land Buddhism, with smaller populations of Theravada and Tibetan Buddhists. Geography: China's area is 9.5 to 9.8 million square kilometers; the discrepancy is due to border disputes with India . In either case, its size is second only to Russia in Asia, and is either third or fourth in the world. From the world's tallest mountain to the coast, and the Taklamakan desert to the jungles of Guilin, China includes diverse landforms. The highest point is Mt. Everest (Chomolungma) at 8,850 meters. The lowest is Turpan Pendi, at -154 meters. Climate


Some thoughts on Asturian mythology | David A. Wacks Some thoughts on Asturian mythology Posted on by David Wacks The following is the text of a talk I gave at the University of Oregon Osher Center for Lifelong Learning on Dec. 10, 2014. My thanks to the Osher Center for the invitation. Typically when we think of Spain we think of Andalucía: bullfights, flamenco, Moorish monuments such as the Alhambra, and so forth. Maybe we think of Barcelona, the Mediterranean, and the modernist architecture of Antonio Gaudí.  Today I am pleased to talk to you about another corner of Spain, one that has very little to do with these images. Asturias is in central northern Spain, tucked in between the rugged Atlantic coast and the Cantabrian mountain range. It is a part of Spain that historically has been geographically isolated from the rest of the Peninsula, and for centuries it looked culturally toward the Atlantic, Brittany, and the British Isles. Together with its neighbor Galicia to the West, with its famed pilgrimage destination Santiago de Compostela, terminus of the Camino de Santiago or Road of Santiago, Asturias is the Spain on the so-called Celtic Rim. Culturally Asturias has much in common with Ireland and Wales. The local accent is a sort of brogue. The local alcoholic beverage of choice is sidra or cider, made from apples grown in local orchards for at least two thousand years. Asturian traditional architecture is decorated with symbols common to the Celtic world such as the trisquel or triple spiral, the hexapetala or hex, most frequently seen on granaries horreos in Asturian language), and traditional Asturian songs are accompanied by drum and gaita or bagpipe. In fact, Asturias may be the only place in the world where you can play castanets as you dance to a bagpipe. yep A very interesting aspect of this shared Celtic culture is the popular mythology. Some of the traditional supernatural beings in Asturian popular traditions are familiar to us from their insular counterparts we know from Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and Cornwall, in popularizing versions in school texts, films, and illustration traditions. The dragons, fairies, and satyrs of Celtic tradition are all here, as are the domestic tricksters (leprechauns), known as trasgus in Asturian, and the lord of the storms or ñuberu. These beings lived in the popular verbal arts of storytelling and song, and are rooted in specific communities and geographic locations, as we will discuss further on. Asturias has the distinction within Spain of having the most robust popular mythological traditions in the country. By this I mean that there were and are more Asturians who were active participants in local folk traditions, more regional pride in these traditions, and regional institutions that promote the study of local mythological traditions in primary and secondary schools as well as at the university level. Other state agencies have followed suit. The Asturian tourism agency published a promotional video in 2004 that featured a friendly group of mythological beings flying around on the back of a dragon, while celebrating the birthday of the fairy, who was turning 20 that day. In this way, traditions that were more durable than their counterparts elsewhere in Europe have been repurposed in the contemporary construction of an Asturian regional identity, both internally, in schools and cultural activities, as well as externally, in tourism materials and other media directed toward national and international audiences. Asturias, paraíso natural Why have Asturian mythological traditions survived while their counterparts elsewhere in Spain and Portugal have not? Geography, mostly. As I mentioned before, Asturias is wedged between the Atlantic and the Cantabrian mountain range, which was all but impassable in the winter until the arrival of modern roadways. There are small fishing villages on the coast that were more easily accessed by boat than by land route, and mountain villages that were inaccessible during the winter months until the beginning of the twentieth century.  This


"What year did students at Oxford University organise the first university ""athletic sports"" meeting?"

All Time Hall of Fame - Oxford University Athletic Club Oxford University Athletic Club All Time Hall of Fame Home → About → History of the Club → All Time Hall of Fame Below are profiles of fifteen of the finest legends to have pulled on the Dark Blue vest of OUAC. One athlete has been chosen from each of the fifteen complete decades in which the club has been in existence – dating back to the year 1850. This list is not intended to represent the fifteen greatest athletes from the club’s all-time membership. It is not a “top 15” chart. Indeed, some decades produced legends who would have easily qualified for the all time Hall of Fame in another era. We do also not purport to claim that our choice of athlete as legend of the decade is indisputably the right one. Even for those who sat down over a few pints and picked over the club’s history, there was not unanimity in the final decisions. A number of legends such as Lord Arthur Porritt, Tom Hampson, Derek Johnson, David Hemery and Lord Jeffrey Archer were controversially overlooked for selection. However, what has always distinguished those who were chosen from those who were not, was the balance that was struck between the athlete in question not only having competed successfully on the international stage, but also having contributed significantly to OUAC during their time at University. This is why Roger Bannister is found in the 1940’s and not the 1950’s. The profiles of our 15 greatest OUAC legends are all based on historical fact. In the spirit of OUAC however, where we have the chance to lambast the Tabs, or put our tongues in our cheeks, we have not let that opportunity pass us by. Halifax Wyatt Information & Achievements Halifax is firstly worthy of the title “OUAC Legend”, just for his ridiculous name. Hal was one of the great minds behind organizing the world’s first Athletics Sports, back in the hazy summer of 1850, an event that undoubtedly set a precedent from which the modern day athletics programme has directly evolved. At the event itself, Hal was on fire. He first won the two mile steeplechase, running away from two others in the final straight. Of the flat races held on the same afternoon on Port Meadow, Hal also won the 100 yards and numerous other short races. His range of distance and exceptional endurance makes him comparable to a modern day Aouita or Ovett. Clement Jackson Information & Achievements. By all accounts, Clement Jackson has been one of the greatest influences in the development of the OUAC. As a young athlete, Jackson was a gifted hurdler, winning the high hurdles at the fourth Varsity Sports of 1867, with a time of 17.8s. Jackson improved to 16.0s, a British record and quite possibly a World record, although no international body existed back then to ratify such things. A.C.Croome (Magdalen) had this to say of Jackson’s Varsity win: “Cambridge were represented by two good men, but they caught C.N.Jackson in his best fencing form and over the last few flights, had a good opportunity to watch his management of his back leg. Jackson was not so tall as most hurdlers; indeed he was forced to take four steps instead of three between his fences; that meant taking off on alternate feet. To do this successfully implied supreme skill and unwearied practise. To beat record, as Jackson did on another occasion, in spite of the handicap, is the mark of genius.” In 1869, following his election as a Don of Hertford and after a year as Club Auditor, Jackson took over as Senior Treasurer of OUAC, a position he held for some sixty years! As treasurer, he guided the club towards a position of international prominence and he himself became renowned as an authority figure within the sport. Jackson’s efforts on behalf of the club went way beyond his duties as treasurer, being relied upon as a mentor and coach to the club’s members. As a trusted official, Jackson was called upon to determine who had won in a close finish at the Varsity Sports. It is estimated that OUAC owes perhaps twenty Varsity match victories to his dark Blue bias and disdain for Cambrid


SparkNotes: Paradise Lost: Context Paradise Lost Plot Overview Milton’s Life John Milton was born on December 9, 1608, in London. Milton’s father was a prosperous merchant, despite the fact that he had been disowned by his family when he converted from Catholicism to Protestantism. Milton excelled in school, and went on to study privately in his twenties and thirties. In 1638 he made a trip to Italy, studying in Florence, Siena, and Rome, but felt obliged to return home upon the outbreak of civil war in England, in 1639. Upon his return from Italy, he began planning an epic poem, the first ever written in English. These plans were delayed by his marriage to Mary Powell and her subsequent desertion of him. In reaction to these events, Milton wrote a series of pamphlets calling for more leniency in the church’s position on divorce. His argument brought him both greater publicity and angry criticism from the religious establishment in England. When the Second Civil War ended in 1648, with King Charles dethroned and executed, Milton welcomed the new parliament and wrote pamphlets in its support. After serving for a few years in a civil position, he retired briefly to his house in Westminster because his eyesight was failing. By 1652 he was completely blind. Despite his disability, Milton reentered civil service under the protectorate of Oliver Cromwell, the military general who ruled the British Isles from 1653 to 1658. Two years after Cromwell’s death, Milton’s worst fears were realized—the Restoration brought Charles II back to the throne, and the poet had to go into hiding to escape execution. However, he had already begun work on the great English epic which he had planned so long before: Paradise Lost. Now he had the opportunity to work on it in earnest. It was published in 1667, a year after the Great Fire of London. The greatness of Milton’s epic was immediately recognized, and the admiring comments of the respected poets John Dryden and Andrew Marvell helped restore Milton to favor. He spent the ensuing years at his residence in Bunhill, still writing prolifically. Milton died at home on November 8, 1674. By all accounts, Milton led a studious and quiet life from his youth up until his death. Education Thanks to his father’s wealth, young Milton got the best education money could buy. He had a private tutor as a youngster. As a young teenager he attended the prestigious St. Paul’s Cathedral School. After he excelled at St. Paul’s he entered college at Christ’s College at Cambridge University. At the latter, he made quite a name for himself with his prodigious writing, publishing several essays and poems to high acclaim. After graduating with his master’s degree in 1632, Milton was once again accommodated by his father. He was allowed to take over the family’s estate near Windsor and pursue a quiet life of study. He spent 1632 to 1638—his mid to late twenties—reading the classics in Greek and Latin and learning new theories in mathematics and music. Milton became fluent in many foreign and classical languages, including Italian, Greek, Latin, Aramaic, Hebrew, French, Spanish, Anglo-Saxon, and spoke some Dutch as well. His knowledge of most of these languages was immense and precocious. He wrote sonnets in Italian as a teenager. While a student at Cambridge, he was invited in his second year to address the first year students in a speech written entirely in Latin. After Cambridge, Milton continued a quiet life of study well through his twenties. By the age of thirty, Milton had made himself into one of the most brilliant minds of England, and one of the most ambitious poets it had ever produced. Early Works In his twenties, Milton wrote five masterful long poems, each of them influential and important in its own separate way: “On the Morning of Christ’s Nativity,” “Comus,” “Lycidas,” “Il Penseroso,” and “L’Allegro.” Through these poems, Milton honed his skills at writing narrative, dramatic, elegiac, philosophical, and lyrical poetry. He had built a firm poetic foundation through his intense study of languages, philoso


In May 2001, Christopher Bailey was appointed creative director of which British luxury fashion house that manufactures clothing, fragrances and fashion accessories?

#luxury | Retail News | Page 4 Retail News Posted by retail360uk The 124sq m boutique in the CDF Haitang Bay Duty Free Shopping Complex opened on September 1 Italian luxury leathergoods house Furla has opened a 124sq m boutique in the landmark new CDF Haitang Bay Duty Free Shopping Complex, Hainan in collaboration with China Duty Free Group. The boutique officially opened on September 1 with Furla’s AW14 collection at the complex, which at 45,000sq m is the world’s largest duty-free store. Furla Global Travel Retail director Gerry Munday said: “We are always thrilled to announce the opening of a new store because it’s a great moment of pride for the whole team. Given its large scale, this boutique is rather unique as it allows more room to showcase our collections. Working with China Duty Free Group has been a very enjoyable experience and we are honoured to have had the availability of such an extended space. It’s very positive that the Group shows this confidence in Furla’s performance and we share the same expectation”. Posted by retail360uk Prada inaugurated last week a temporary store – entirely dedicated to the men’s collections – in Venice on the Calle Larga XXII Marzo. The store, located inside an elegant Venetian palazzo with exquisitely decorated ceilings, will be open to the public for nine months. Prada has boosted its presence in Taiwan, with a new space in the prestigious SKM Mall in Taichung. Designed by architect Roberto Baciocchi, the store occupies a total area of 520 square metres over two floors and presents the women’s and men’s ready-to-wear, leather goods, accessories, and footwear collections. The striking external façade, which pays tribute to artist Carlos Cruz-Diez, features a series of full-length, backlit golden aluminium and polished-steel blades which create an evocative illusion of perceived movement. Posted by retail360uk Prada inaugurated last week a temporary store – entirely dedicated to the men’s collections – in Venice on the Calle Larga XXII Marzo. The store, located inside an elegant Venetian palazzo with exquisitely decorated ceilings, will be open to the public for nine months. Prada has boosted its presence in Taiwan, with a new space in the prestigious SKM Mall in Taichung. Designed by architect Roberto Baciocchi, the store occupies a total area of 520 square metres over two floors and presents the women’s and men’s ready-to-wear, leather goods, accessories, and footwear collections. The striking external façade, which pays tribute to artist Carlos Cruz-Diez, features a series of full-length, backlit golden aluminium and polished-steel blades which create an evocative illusion of perceived movement. Posted by retail360uk Department store chain House of Fraser has officially been sold to its biggest Chinese rival, despite retailing tycoon Mike Ashley refusing to relinquish a 11pc stake in the retailer. China’s Nanjing Cenbest shook hands on a takeover of the 165-year-old retailer in May but before terms of the deal were finalised Mr Ashley snapped up the stake, throwing the deal into doubt. Nanjing Cenbest’s parent group, Sanpower, had agreed to buy House of Fraser shares from other major shareholders: Karen Millen founder Keith Stanford, Lloyds Banking Group and chairman Don McCarthy. However, Scottish tycoon Sir Tom Hunter sold his 11pc stake to Mike Ashley on the grounds that “Sports Direct offered us certainty of cash now”. A legal row originally broke out about whether Sir Tom had flouted rules requiring him to offer shares to other shareholders first and whether Sanpower could force Sports Direct to sell the shares back to them. However, it is understood that Mr Ashley will be holding on to the shares as a strategic investment and is working on a plan to sell some of his merchandise in House of Fraser department stores. Mr Ashley, who owns the stake via West Coast Capital, a subsidiary of the Sports Direct Group, does not have a board seat or the power to influence board decisions. However, his 11pc stake does entitle him to “observing rights”, meaning he has access to Hou


"Which film actor (1895-1926) is known for his films ""The Four Horsemen"", ""The Sheik"" and ""Blood And Sand""?"

1000+ images about Rudolph Valentino on Pinterest | Terry o'quinn, Portrait and Costume design Forward Dickensian-Dandy: ~Rudolph Valentino -( I don’t know what role I’m casting Rudy in for my fictional Les Mis movie, but he’s going in it. I’d put him in as Montparnasse - before he became a leading man, he was often cast as characters like a gangster or Parisian Apache, and he smouldered and conveyed a sense of danger - but I don’t know if he looks 17. He’s also too smouldery for Courfeyrac. But I WANT him in it. -From Valentino's early manager George Ullman) See More


Who was said to have interceded to save the life of Captain John Smith, was later taken hostage and held at Jamestown, married John Rolfe, came to England and died at Gravesend in 1617?

Pocahontas: Her Life and Legend - Historic Jamestowne Part of Colonial National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) Pocahontas: Her Life and Legend Pocahontas: Her Life and Legend Pocahontas: Her Life and Legend Detail of the map showing the various towns in the Powhatan Chiefdom. Jamestown and Werowocomoco (Powhatan's capital) are underlined in red. John Smith's Map of 1612 Not much is known about this memorable woman. What we do know was written by others, as none of her thoughts or feelings were ever recorded. Specifically, her story has been told through written historical accounts and, most recently, through the sacred oral history of the Mattaponi. Most notably, Pocahontas has left an indelible impression that has endured for more than 400 years. And yet, many people who know her name do not know much about her. The Written History Pocahontas was born about 1596 and named "Amonute," though she also had a more private name of Matoaka. She was called "Pocahontas" as a nickname, which meant "playful one," because of her frolicsome and curious nature. She was the daughter of Wahunsenaca (Chief Powhatan), the mamanatowick (paramount chief) of the Powhatan Chiefdom. At its height, the Powhatan Chiefdom had a population of about 25,000 and included more than 30 Algonquian speaking tribes - each with its own werowance (chief). The Powhatan Indians called their homeland "Tsenacomoco." As the daughter of the paramount chief Powhatan, custom dictated that Pocahontas would have accompanied her mother, who would have gone to live in another village, after her birth (Powhatan still cared for them). However, nothing is written by the English about Pocahontas' mother. Some historians have theorized that she died during childbirth, so it is possible that Pocahontas did not leave like most of her half-siblings. Either way, Pocahontas would have eventually returned to live with her father Powhatan and her half-siblings once she was weaned. Her mother, if still living, would then have been free to remarry.   How a young Pocahontas might have looked. Unknown British Museum As a young girl, Pocahontas would have worn little to no clothing and had her hair shaven except for a small section in the back that was grown out long and usually braided. The shaven parts were probably bristly most of the time as the Powhatan Indians used mussel shells for shaving. In winter, she could have worn a deerskin mantle (not everyone could afford one). As she grew, she would have been taught women's work; even though the favorite daughter of the paramount chief Powhatan afforded her a more privileged lifestyle and more protection, she still needed to know how to be an adult woman. Women's work was separate from men's work, but both were equally taxing and equally important as both benefited all Powhatan society. As Pocahontas would learn, besides bearing and rearing children, women were responsible for building the houses (called yehakins by the Powhatan), which they may have owned. Women did all the farming, (planting and harvesting), the cooking (preparing and serving), collected water needed to cook and drink, gathered firewood for the fires (which women kept going all the time), made mats for houses (inside and out), made baskets, pots, cordage, wooden spoons, platters and mortars. Women were also barbers for the men and would process any meat the men brought home as well as tanning hides to make clothing. Another important thing Pocahontas had to learn to be an adult woman was how to collect edible plants. As a result, she would need to identify the various kinds of useful plants and have the ability to recognize them in all seasons. All of the skills it took to be an adult woman Pocahontas would have learned by the time she was about thirteen, which was the average age Powhatan women reached puberty.   Captain John Smith. Unknown Artist When the English arrived and settled Jamestown in May 1607, Pocahontas was about eleven years old. Pocahontas and her father would not meet any Englishmen until the winter of 1607, when Captain John Smith (