Which newspaper became 'The Morning Star' in 1966?

British Newspaper History in the UK Cultural Products >> Historic Commemorative Anniversary Newspapers Milestones in 20th Century Newspaper history in Britain .... The history of newspapers in the UK in the 20th century is a fascinating story of the emergence of new titles, technologies and formats, and the disappearance of old titles, mainly through mergers. Once famous national titles like the Daily Sketch (later to merge with the Daily Mail in 1971) and the News Chronicle are now less known by younger generations. British newspaper history is also almost as much about the stories of the newspaper bosses - the big personalities, such as Lord Rothermere, Lord Northcliffe and Robert Maxwell, amongst others, who had a big impact on the course of this history. Buy an Original Newspaper ... Drawing from the UK's largest            newspaper archive, we can supply a genuine complete            major UK national Newspaper title - not            a copy - from virtually any day over the last            100 years - an ideal gift to commemorate a birthday, anniversary or special occasion: from only:  ï¿½ 39.99 Jan 17 1902 - launch of the Times Literary Supplement. Nov 2 1903 - launch of the Daily Mirror - the first daily newspaper              illustrated exclusively with photographs. The Mirror              was a broadsheet newspaper until the 1950s. March 2 1909 - launch of the Daily Sketch. (merges with the Daily Mail in 1971) Jan 25 1911 - launch of the Daily Herald (1st newspaper to sell two million copies a day) April 12 1913 - New Statesman founded March 11 1914 - First half-tone photo in the Times newspaper: a 4 by 3 inch picture of the Rokeby Venus, damaged in a Suffragette demonstration (the first ever half-tone in a daily newspaper appeared in the New York Graphic in 1880). 1915 - The Daily Mail launches 'Teddy Tail' - first UK comic strip. March 14 1915 - the Sunday Pictorial launched (becomes the Sunday Mirror in 1963). Dec 29 1918 - launch of the Sunday Express. Nov 2 1924 - the Sunday Express publishes first crossword in a British newspaper May 1926 - most newspapers cease publishing during the General Strike. The Government publishes the British Gazette and the TUC publishes the British Worker. Jan 1 1930 - launch of the Daily Worker newspaper (becomes the Morning Star in 1966). Feb 1 1930 - the first Times crossword appears (6 years after the first one appeared in Sunday Express). June 2 1930 - the News Chronicle newspaper is formed by the merger of the Daily News and the Daily Chronicle. (merges with the Daily Mail in 1960). Oct 18 1934 - the Daily Mail publishes the first photograph that was transmitted by beam radio (from Australia to London). Oct 1 1938 - first issue of the Picture Post (last issue in 1957). 1940 - Newsprint rationing is introduced. Nov 26 1940 - death of Lord Rothermere. Aug 24 1959 - the Manchester Guardian changes title to the Guardian, based in London. Feb 5 1961 - launch of the Sunday Telegraph. Feb 4 1962 - first issue of the Sunday Times magazine, known as the Sunday Times Colour Section. 1964 - the Press Council replaces General Council of the Press. Sept 6 1964 - the Observer colour supplement launched. Sept 15 1964 - the Daily Herald becomes the Sun. Sept 25 1964 - first issue of the Daily Telegraph. May 3 1966 - the Times begins printing news on the front page. 1969 the News of the World is bought by Rupert Murdoch. Nov 17 1969 - Rupert Murdoch re-launches the Sun newspaper as a tabloid. 1971 - Dail Sketch merges with the Daily              Mail. Nov 2 1978 - launch of the Daily Star newspaper. Dec 1 1978 - publication of the Times and Sunday Times is suspended for 11 months. Oct 31 1980 - the Evening News ceases publication and leaves London with just one evening newspaper. 1981 - Rupert Murdoch buys the Times and Sunday Times. May 3 1981 - the Sunday Express magazine launched. Sept 6 1981 - first issue of the News of the World Sunday magazine. 1982 - May 2 : the Mail on Sunday is launch


In the words of a popular song, from which hotel can 'you check out but never leave'?

EAGLES LYRICS - Hotel California EAGLES LYRICS On a dark desert highway, cool wind in my hair Warm smell of colitas, rising up through the air Up ahead in the distance, I saw a shimmering light My head grew heavy and my sight grew dim I had to stop for the night There she stood in the doorway; I heard the mission bell And I was thinking to myself, "This could be Heaven or this could be Hell" Then she lit up a candle and she showed me the way There were voices down the corridor, I thought I heard them say... Welcome to the Hotel California Such a lovely place (Such a lovely place) Such a lovely face Plenty of room at the Hotel California Any time of year (Any time of year) You can find it here Her mind is Tiffany-twisted, she got the Mercedes bends She got a lot of pretty, pretty boys she calls friends How they dance in the courtyard, sweet summer sweat. Some dance to remember, some dance to forget So I called up the Captain, "Please bring me my wine" He said, "We haven't had that spirit here since nineteen sixty nine" And still those voices are calling from far away, Wake you up in the middle of the night Just to hear them say... Welcome to the Hotel California Such a lovely place (Such a lovely place) Such a lovely face They livin' it up at the Hotel California What a nice surprise (what a nice surprise) Bring your alibis The pink champagne on ice And she said "We are all just prisoners here, of our own device" And in the master's chambers, They gathered for the feast They stab it with their steely knives, But they just can't kill the beast Last thing I remember, I was Running for the door I had to find the passage back To the place I was before "Relax, " said the night man, "We are programmed to receive. You can check-out any time you like, But you can never leave! " Visit www.azlyrics.com for these lyrics. Thanks to Franny, Douglas for correcting these lyrics.


What, in the world of computing, did Larry Page and Sergey Brin found?

Larry Page and Sergey Brin Biography - family, name, history, school, young, son, old, information, college, house Larry Page and Sergey Brin Biography Larry Page and Sergey Brin Biography Larry Page c. 1973 • East Lansing, Michigan Entrepreneur August 21, 1973 • Moscow, Russia Entrepreneur Larry Page and Sergey Brin founded Google, the Internet search engine,    while they were graduate students at Stanford University in Palo Alto,    California. Since its founding in 1998, Google has become one of the most    successful dot-com businesses in history. Both Page and Brin were    reluctant entrepreneurs who were committed to developing their company on    their own terms, not those dictated by the prevailing business culture. Not instant best friends Page grew up in the East Lansing, Michigan, area, where his father, Carl    Victor Page, was a professor of computer science at Michigan State    University. The senior Page was also an early pioneer in the field of    artificial intelligence, and reportedly gave his young son his first    computer when Larry was just six years old. Several years later Page    entered the University of Michigan, where he earned an undergraduate    degree in engineering with a concentration in computer engineering. Larry Page (left) and Sergey Brin. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. His first jobs were at Advanced Management Systems in Washington, D.C.,    and then at a company called CogniTek in Evanston, Illinois. An innovative thinker with a sense of humor as well, Page once built a    working ink-jet printer out of Lego blocks. He was eager to advance in his    career, and decided to study for a Ph.D degree. He was admitted to the    prestigious doctoral program in computer science at Stanford University.    On an introductory weekend at the Palo Alto campus that had been arranged    for new students, he met Sergey Brin. A native of Moscow, Russia, Brin was    also the son of a professor, and came to the United States with his family    when he was six. His father taught math at the University of Maryland, and    it was from that school's College Park campus that Brin earned an    undergraduate degree in computer science and math. Brin was already enrolled in Stanford's PhD program when Page    arrived in 1995. As Brin explained to Robert McGarvey of Technology Review, "I was working on data mining, the idea of taking large amounts of    data, analyzing it for patterns and trying to extract relationships that    are useful." One weekend Brin was assigned to a team that showed    the new doctoral students around campus, and Page was in his group.    Industry lore claims they argued the whole time, but soon found themselves    working together on a research project. That 1996 paper, "Anatomy    of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine," became the basis    for the Google search engine. A hit with fellow students Page and Brin created an algorithm, or set of step-by-step instructions    for solving a specific computer task. Their algorithm searched all the    hypertext documents in cyberspace, which are the basis for Web pages on    the Internet. A typical search engine such as Hot Bot, which was popular    at one time in the mid-1990s, worked by looking for a term the user    entered—"New York Yankees," for example—in all    of those documents. If the phrase "New York Yankees" was    written into one Web site's hypertext code several dozen or even a    hundred times, that document would come up first in the search results.    But it might just turn out to be an Internet store that sold sports    memorabilia. Page and Brin wanted to create a search tool that would find the most    relevant Web page first. If someone typed in "New York    Yankees," for example, the official Yankees site would be the first    result returned. Their algorithm analyzed the "back links" in a hypertext document, or how many times other sites linked to    it—the more l


Which common tree has the Latin name Aesculus Hippocastanum?

Aesculus hippocastanum Horse Chestnut, European Horsechestnut, Common Horsechestnut PFAF Plant Database 4-7 Known Hazards The seed is rich in saponins[10, 21, 65]. Although poisonous, saponins are poorly absorbed by the human body and so most pass through without harm. Saponins are quite bitter and can be found in many common foods such as some beans. They can be removed by carefully leaching the seed or flour in running water. Thorough cooking, and perhaps changing the cooking water once, will also normally remove most of them. However, it is not advisable to eat large quantities of food that contain saponins. Saponins are much more toxic to some creatures, such as fish, and hunting tribes have traditionally put large quantities of them in streams, lakes etc in order to stupefy or kill the fish[K]. Avoid in patients with kidney or liver disease. Avoid if taking warfarin as can interfere with anticoagulant therapy [301]. Habitats Bloom Color: White. Main Bloom Time: Early spring, Late spring, Mid spring. Form: Oval, Pyramidal. http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedysta:Ala_z Physical Characteristics   Aesculus hippocastanum is a deciduous Tree growing to 30 m (98ft) by 15 m (49ft) at a fast rate. It is hardy to zone (UK) 3 and is not frost tender. It is in flower in May, and the seeds ripen in September. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Bees.Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils, prefers well-drained soil and can grow in nutritionally poor soil. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers dry or moist soil. The plant can tolerates strong winds but not maritime exposure. It can tolerate atmospheric pollution. Synonyms Aesculus asplenifolia. Aesculus castanea. Aesculus memmingeri. Aesculus procera. Habitats Edible Uses: Coffee . The roasted seed is used as a coffee substitute[2, 7]. Seed - cooked. It can be dried, ground into a powder and used as a gruel[7, 46, 55, 61]. The seed is quite large, about 3cm in diameter, and is easily harvested. It is usually produced in abundance in Britain. Unfortunately the seed is also rich in saponins, these must be removed before it can be used as a food and this process also removes many of the minerals and vitamins, leaving behind mainly starch. See also the notes above on toxicity. The seed contains up to 40% water, 8 - 11% protein and 8 - 26% toxic saponins[218]. The following notes apply to A. californica, but are probably also relevant here:- The seed needs to be leached of toxins before it becomes safe to eat - the Indians would do this by slow-roasting the nuts (which would have rendered the saponins harmless) and then cutting them into thin slices, putting them into a cloth bag and rinsing them in a stream for 2 - 5 days[213]. Medicinal Uses Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally. Febrifuge ;   Haemostatic ;   Narcotic ;   Tonic ;   Vasoconstrictor ;   Vulnerary . Horse chestnut is an astringent, anti-inflammatory herb that helps to tone the vein walls which, when slack or distended, may become varicose, haemorrhoidal or otherwise problematic[254]. The plant also reduces fluid retention by increasing the permeability of the capillaries and allowing the re-absorption of excess fluid back into the circulatory system[254]. This plant is potentially toxic if ingested and should not be used internally without professional supervision[254]. Alterative, analgesic, haemostatic and vulnerary[165, 218]. The bark is anti-inflammatory, astringent, diuretic, febrifuge, narcotic, tonic and vasoconstrictive[4, 7, 222]. It is harvested in the spring and dried for later use[4]. The plant is taken in small doses internally for the treatment of a wide range of venous diseases, including hardening of the arteries, varicose veins, phlebitis, leg ulcers, haemorrhoids and frostbite[238, 254]. It is also made


What was the name of the 'Acid Bath Murderer'?

The Acid Bath Murderer of England | The Lineup Podcast The Acid Bath Murderer of England John George Haigh took the plunge into murder when he knocked out his old boss and dumped the body into acid – then set out to kill again. StumbleUpon stumbles Red wine, ice cream, a warm bath – these are wonderful ways to unwind after a long day at work. But as we’ve seen time and again, even the most soothing of activities can be twisted into terror by a madman’s dark imagination. Such is the grisly case of John George Haigh, a serial killer from England who used bubble baths of acid to dispose of his victims. Born in 1909 to an ultra-religious Plymouth Brethren family, John George Haigh was raised in Yorkshire, England. His upbringing was strict, to say the least – his father reportedly constructed a 10-foot fence around their yard as a means of blocking out the neighbors. With no playmates, young John grew up alone. At night, he was haunted by nightmares. The first signs of trouble appeared in his early 20s. After a series of odd office jobs, John was canned on the suspicion that he’d stolen company money. His life took a brief turn for the better in 1934, when he married a woman named Betty Hamer – but the marriage fell apart. Soon after, John landed himself in jail for fraud. While behind bars, Betty gave birth to a baby girl, whom she put up for adoption. John’s conservative parents refused to accept the decision, and forever shunned their son from the family. Alone, John moved south to London, where he picked up work as a chauffeur for a wealthy businessman named William McSwan in 1936. Yet his criminal ways bubbled back up. For the next seven years, John was in and out of jail for various crimes. It was during this time that he dreamed up the perfect murder. How can one kill and then truly get rid of the body? Sulfuric acid, of course. To test his plan, John caught mice and submerged their helpless bodies in acid. There he saw it: the critters were gone within 30 minutes. In 1943 John was freshly released from prison and reconnected with his old boss, William McSwan. William invited the freed convict to dinner at his parents’ home in celebration. Shortly thereafter, William disappeared. John told William’s parents that the man had gone into hiding to avoid being drafted into World War II. But the truth was far grislier: John had lured William into his basement where he cracked him on the head, then dumped him into a 40-gallon barrel of sulfuric acid. Within a couple of days, William went from grown man to goop. Afterward, John moved into William’s estate, claiming the businessman had asked him to do so. But with WWII drawing to a close, William’s parents wondered why their son remained in hiding. They soon voiced their suspicions to John. He knew of one way to quiet the fussy couple – give them an acid bath. With the entire McSwan family now out of the picture, John began cashing William’s pension checks. He sold off their belongings for around £8,000 (£300,000 in today’s pounds). With money in hand, the killer moved into the Onslow Court Hotel in London’s posh Kensington district. Eventually, however, the funds ran out – especially after John gambled much of it away. While on the hunt for more cash, the killer spotted a promising real estate ad in the local paper. He traveled to the home of Dr. Archibald Henderson and his wife, Rose (pictured above). Pretending to be an interested buyer, John soon struck up a relationship with the affluent couple. In February of 1948 John convinced his newfound friends to take a drive into the country and visit his new workshop in West Sussex. Upon arrival, John gunned down the Hendersons and dumped their bodies in the baths. He then collected their belongings and pawned it off for money. Yes, the Acid Bath Murderer had cooked up quite the chilling racket – lure wealthy acquaintances out to his workshop of horrors, send them to the vats, then sell off their possessions for cold hard cash. John’s next and final victim was Olive Durand-Deacon (pictured below), a wealthy widow living at the On


By what Treaty in 1713 was Gibraltar ceded to Britain in perpetuity?

BBC News - What are the competing claims over Gibraltar? What are the competing claims over Gibraltar? By Vanessa Barford BBC News Magazine Three hundred years after Spain ceded Gibraltar to Great Britain, tensions between the two countries have resurfaced in a dispute apparently over an artificial reef and onerous border searches. The UK has always insisted Gibraltar is rightfully British. The Spanish government maintains the territory should pass back. But what are the details of each side's legal, historical and geographical claims for sovereignty? The disputed territory The UK's view of Gibraltar Who's had it longer? From AD711 to 1462 Gibraltar was under Moorish rule, like most of Spain. Spain (initially Castile) controlled the territory from 1462 to 1704. Its political status between 1704 and 1713 was that of a territory occupied by allied Anglo-Dutch forces during the War of the Spanish Succession. Gibraltar's sovereign status between 1713 and 1880 was that of a territory taken by right of conquest, but legitimised in the form of a cession to the British (Article X, Treaty of Utrecht, 1713, Appendix I). Anglo-Dutch forces captured the fortress of Gibraltar in 1704, during the War of the Spanish Succession. It was formally ceded to the British in perpetuity under Article X of the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. The Gibraltar territory was designated a Crown Colony in 1830 and was listed as such by the UN in 1946. In 1964, the Gibraltar Constitution was introduced and promulgated in 1969, stipulating that sovereign status would not be changed without the consent of Gibraltar's people. What's the geography? What's the legal position? Spain believes Gibraltar was taken in the context of a Spanish dynastic dispute and contests UK sovereignty over the entire peninsula. It also insists the cession in the Treaty of Utrecht 1713 did not include the isthmus with the airport on it and territorial waters. Spain cites the UN principle of territorial integrity, through UN Resolution 1514 (XV) - which says "any attempt at the partial or total disruption of the national unity and the territorial integrity of a country is incompatible with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations". It also argues two resolutions passed in the 1960s under the UN Principles of Decolonisation - ( 2231 (XXI), Question of Gibraltar and 2353 (XXII), Question of Gibraltar ), mean territorial integrity takes precedence over Gibraltar's right to self-determination. The UK notes that Gibraltar was ceded by Spain in the Treaty of Utrecht 1713, giving "the full and entire propriety of the town and castle of Gibraltar, together with the port, fortifications, and forts there unto belonging... forever, without any exception or impediment whatsoever". It cites longevity of occupation, and argues the UN principle of territorial integrity, as per UN Resolution 1514 (XV) does not override the principle of self-determination. The same resolution says: "All peoples have the right to self-determination; by virtue of that right they freely determine their political status." "Gibraltar is much bigger than it was in 1713 - some of the runway and housing on the west side is built on reclaimed land, and the Treaty says nothing about reclaimed land, or territorial waters," says Dr Chris Grocott, lecturer in economic history at Leicester University. What about self-determination? Spain also argues two resolutions passed in the 1960s under the UN Principles of Decolonisation do not recognise Gibraltar's right to self-determination. It says Resolution 2231 focuses on the "interests" and not the "wishes" of the people of Gibraltar. Dr Gerry O'Reilly, a senior lecturer in geography and international affairs at Dublin City University, says up to the 1990s, Spain viewed the population of Gibraltar as "a community artificially created from heterogeneous origins since 1713 by colonial processes" rather than indigenous, and therefore thought it did not fulfil criteria for any form of nationhood that could be interpreted as giving a right to UN "national'" self-de


What was the name of the 'Brides in the Bath Murderer'?

The 'Brides in the Bath' Murders | The 'Brides in the Bath' … | Flickr The 'Brides in the Bath' Murders The 'Brides in the Bath' Murders 1912-1914   George Joseph Smith became known in 1914 as the ‘Brides in the Bath Murderer’.   A callous crook, he murdered women he had conned into marriage weeks, and sometimes just days after their wedding.   Always insuring their lives and having had them make out a will in his favour, he thought he had found a foolproof get rich quick scheme.   A cold-hearted con-man whose crimes were motivated purely by financial gain, he was born in the East End of London in 1872 and by the age of nine had been sent to reform school for thieving. He left at 16 with a talent for exploiting women.   George Joseph Smith (January 11, 1872 – August 13, 1915) was an English serial killer and bigamist. In 1915 he was convicted and subsequently hanged for the slayings of three women, the case becoming known as the "Brides in the Bath Murders".   As well as being widely reported in the media, the case was a significant case in the history of forensic pathology and detection. It was also one of the first cases in which similarities between connected crimes were used to prove deliberation, a technique used in subsequent prosecutions.   Between 1912 and 1914, he left three brides dead in baths after taking them for every penny. Smith made the drownings look like accidents and collected inheritance and life insurance without suspicion.   GEORGE JOSEPH SMITH, one of the most atrocious English criminals ever, was born on January 11, 1872, at Roman Road, Bethnal Green, his father being George Thomas Smith, an insurance agent, and his mother Louisa Smith, nee Gibson. The son early displayed criminal tendencies, and seems to have been sent to the reformatory at Gravesend at the tender age of nine, remaining there till he was sixteen.   Smith later went to Bristol, where he set up a small shop at 389 Gloucester Road as a second-hand furniture dealer.   At 368, in the same road, dwelt Edith Mabel Pegler with her mother. On July 1 she advertised for a situation as housekeeper, where a servant was kept. Smith replied to a advertisement, and she speedily consented to keep house for him, although he was not in a position to afford a servant.   After a week' acquaintance, Smith had so captivated Miss Pegler' s maiden heart, that she consented to be his, although his means were very nebulous a mythical aunt who allowed him money, and " that he went about the country dealing."   The marriage was solemnised at St. Peter's Registry Office, Bristol, on July 30, by special licence, Smith having married for the first time in his real name, describing himself as thirty-three years of age, a bachelor and general dealer, son of George Smith, deceased, figure artist .   Later Police enquiries showed that Smith had conducted seven bigamous marriages between 1908 and 1914.   At the age of 26, in January 1898, using the name of George Love, Smith had married, legally and for the first time, 18-year old Caroline Thornhill in Leicester. They moved to London, and she worked as a maid for a number of employers, stealing from them under her husband's tuition. Caroline Love was arrested in Worthing, trying to pawn some silver spoons, and she was sent to prison for 12 months.   On her release she incriminated her husband, who was then jailed for two years in January 1901. On his release , Mrs Love fled to Canada.   In June 1908 Smith met a widow from Worthing, Florence Wilson, and married her three weeks later. By 3rd July he had left her after taking £30 she had withdrawn from her savings account, and selling all her belongings.   By 30th July 1908 he had married Edith Pegler in Bristol who had replied to his advertisement for a house keeper.   Then, in October 1909 he married Miss Sarah Freeman, using the name of George Rose. He also married Alice Reid in September 1914, using the name of Charles Oliver James.   Smith more smartly attired!   Smith apparently had a masterful, hypnotic way with some women, a trait which was only exceeded by h


Who are the Barclay brothers? - BBC News BBC News Who are the Barclay brothers? By Tom de Castella BBC News Magazine 20 February 2015 Close share panel Image copyright Getty Images The owners of the Daily Telegraph, Sir Frederick and Sir David Barclay, are under the spotlight after allegations over the way their newspaper treats stories that impinge on commercial interests. To say the Barclay twins do not seek publicity is more than an understatement. They are billionaires. They own the Daily Telegraph, Sunday Telegraph and the Spectator, but rarely give interviews. And now the resignation of one of the Telegraph's political columnists, Peter Oborne, backed by a searing article in which he accuses the paper's management of colluding with advertisers, has put them into the limelight they appear to hate. In his piece for Open Democracy , Oborne wrote: "After a lot of agony I have come to the conclusion that I have a duty to make all this public. There are two powerful reasons. The first concerns the future of the Telegraph under the Barclay Brothers." The second related to the wider free press, Oborne wrote. His chief accusation was that the Telegraph's management had not given prominence to the tax scandal at HSBC because of commercial interests. Oborne also accused the Telegraph of removing a news story from their website about HSBC. The Telegraph has denied Oborne's allegations. "Like any other business, we never comment on individual commercial relationships, but our policy is absolutely clear. We aim to provide all our commercial partners with a range of advertising solutions, but the distinction between advertising and our award-winning editorial operation has always been fundamental to our business. We utterly refute any allegation to the contrary. It is a matter of huge regret that Peter Oborne, for nearly five years a contributor to the Telegraph, should have launched such an astonishing and unfounded attack, full of inaccuracy and innuendo, on his own paper." Surprisingly little has been written - in any depth - about the Barclays. Few photos exist of them on news picture libraries. One of the few shows them formally dressed, having just been knighted by the Queen. That was in 2000. One of the images from that occasion shows them playing up for the cameras, with Sir Frederick fussing over Sir David's hair. Image copyright Rex Features The twins were born in 1934. The Sunday Times in 2003 described them coming from "humble origins as two of 10 children born to a Scottish travelling salesman and his wife in a house in Hammersmith, west London, which they shared with several other families". Their father died when the boys were 12, and around the age of 16 the boys set up a painting and decorating business, later moving into property. In 1955 David Barclay married Zoe Newton, a trained ballerina who became a model. She was only 4ft 11in (1.5m) tall but became one of the most highly photographed models of her time. She appeared in television advertisements for the Dairy Council as the "drinka pinta milka day" girl. "The photographers were never far away and David was horrified when it was suggested their son Aidan should be marketed as the first 'milk baby'," the Sunday Times reported. Zoe had two more sons - Howard and Duncan - and gave up her modelling career to concentrate on her family. In the 1970s, Sir Frederick reportedly married Hiroko Asada. Her son from a previous marriage, Ko, followed his stepfather's example and is now a successful businessman, the Times has reported . Frederick joined David to buy up old boarding houses in London and turn them into hotels. Moving into media in 1992, Frederick and David bought the European newspaper from Robert Maxwell. In 1995, they bought the Scotsman. But their big newspaper purchase came in 2004 with the acquisition of the Daily and Sunday Telegraph from Hollinger, following the forced departure of Conrad Black. The Spectator magazine is part of the same group. Image copyright PA The brothers also own mail order firm Littlewoods, bought in 2002 for £750m. That purch


The hallux is the medical term for which part of the body?

Hallux | definition of hallux by Medical dictionary Hallux | definition of hallux by Medical dictionary http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hallux Related to hallux: hallux limitus hallux  [hal´uks] (pl. hal´luces) (L.) the great toe. hallux flex´us hallux rigidus . hallux mal´leus hammer toe affecting the great toe. hallux ri´gidus painful flexion deformity of the great toe with limitation of motion at the metatarsophalangeal joint. hallux val´gus angulation of the great toe toward the other toes of the foot. hallux va´rus angulation of the great toe away from the other toes of the foot. great toe [I] [TA] the first digit of the foot. /hal·lux/ (hal´uks) pl. hal´luces   [L.] the great toe. hallux doloro´sus  a painful condition of the great toe, usually associated with flatfoot. hallux flex´us  h. rigidus . hallux mal´leus  hammer toe affecting the great toe. hallux ri´gidus  painful flexion deformity of the great toe with limitation of motion at the metatarsophalangeal joint. hallux val´gus  angulation of the great toe toward the other toes. hallux va´rus  angulation of the great toe away from the other toes. hallux (hăl′əks) n. pl. halluces (hăl′yə-sēz′, hăl′ə-) 1. The innermost or first digit on the hind foot of certain mammals. The human hallux is commonly called the big toe. 2. A homologous digit of a bird, reptile, or amphibian. In birds, it is often directed backward. hallux Etymology: L, hallex, large toe the great toe. Also spelled hallex. hal·lux The great toe; the first digit of the foot. [a Mod. L. form for L. hallex (hallic-), great toe] hallux The big toe. hallux the first digit on the hind foot of vertebrates, such as the big toe in humans. hallux the first, great or big toe. hallux rigidus is a stiff and painful toe resulting from osteoarthritis of the metatarsophalangeal joint. In hallux valgus the toe bends at this joint towards the second toe, and the joint bulges from the side of the foot. Can result in permanent displacement (possibly with a degree of external rotation) greater than 10%. Additional friction from poorly fitting footwear can result in a bursa, and the prominence of bone-plus-bursa is known as a bunion . hallux great toe; first toe Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: everted rearfoot References in periodicals archive ? In brief, mass was measured utilizing a digital scale, tarsus depth was measured with calipers at the midpoint of the tarsus in a front-to-back direction, hallux length was measured as the cord length from the junction of the anterior surface of the talon at the point the claw meets the skin of the toe to the tip of the claw, exposed culmen length was measured with calipers as the cord length between the tip of the beak and the junction of the beak and cere, wing cord was measured with a ruler from the closed wing from the carpal joint to the tip of the longest primary, and tail length was measured with a ruler between the center rectrices from the emergence from the skin to the tip of the longest rectrix (Hull and Bloom 2001).


In 1947, a research physicist Chester Carlson set up which company to sell his invention, an office machine?

Inventor Chester Carlson Biography Inventor: Chester F. Carlson Criteria; First to invent. First       to patent. Birth: February 8, 1906 in Seattle, Washington Death: September 19, 1968 in   Rochester, New York Nationality: American Invention: Xerography Function: noun /   Xerox copy machine Definition: Forming an   image by the action of light on a specially coated charged plate;   the latent image is developed with powders that adhere only to   electrically charged areas Patent: 2,297,691   (US) issued October 6, 1942 for Electrophotography Milestones: 1906 Chester F. Carlson born  February 8, in Seattle, Washington 1938 2,221,776 Filed September 8, application based on the principles of  electron photography 1938 October 22, succeeded in obtaining his first 'dry-copy' in Astoria,  Queens, New York 1939 Patent application filed April 4, 1939 1942 Patent issued October 6, 1942 for Electrophotography 1944 Battelle Memorial Institute becomes interested and provides  research  assistance and funding 1947 Haloid Company-later renamed Xerox-negotiated commercial rights to  Carlson's xerographic 1959 The Xerox 914, first office copier that could make copies on plain  paper, introduced 1968 Chester Carlson dies in Rochester, NY from a heart attack CAPS: Carlson, Chester Carlson, Paul Selenyi, Otto Kornei, Battelle  Memorial Institute, Haloid,  ARY. xerography, copier, Xerox machine, photocopy, office copier,  instant copies, SIP, history, biography, inventor,       inventor of, history of, who invented, invention of, fascinating      facts. The Story: The astounding     success of xerography is all the more remarkable because it was given little hope of     surviving its infancy. For years, it seemed to be an invention nobody wanted. To know why     it eventually prevailed is to understand the mind of Chester Carlson. For xerography, and     the man who invented it, were both the products of hardship and travail. Chester Carlson     was born in Seattle on February 8, 1906, the only child of an itinerant barber. The family     settled in San Bernardino, Calif., and at the age of fourteen, Carlson was working after     school and on weekends as the chief support of his family. His father was crippled with     arthritis and his mother died of tuberculosis when he was seventeen. Even as a boy, Carlson had the curious mind that always asked the how and why of     things. He was fascinated with the graphic arts and with chemistry -- two disciplines he     would eventually explore with remarkable result. As a teenager he got a job working for a local printer, from whom he acquired, in     return for his labor, a small printing press about to be discarded. He used the press to     publish a little magazine for amateur chemists. Upon graduating from high school, Carlson worked his way through a nearby junior     college where he majored in chemistry. He then entered California Institute of Technology,     and was graduated in two years with a degree in physics. More problems faced Carlson as he     entered a job market shattered by the developing Depression. He applied to eighty-two     firms, and received only two replies before landing a $35-a-week job as a research     engineer at Bell Telephone Laboratories in New York City. As the Depression deepened, he was laid off at Bell, worked briefly for a patent     attorney, and then secured a position with the electronics firm of PR. Mallory & Co.     While there, he studied law at night, earning a law degree from New York Law School.     Carlson was eventually promoted to manager of Mallory's patent department. "I had my job," he recalled, "but I didn't think I was getting ahead     very fast. I was just living from hand to mouth, and I had just gotten married. It was     kind of a struggle, so I thought the possibility of making an invention might kill two     birds with one stone: It would be a chance to do the world some good and also a chance


Yoruba is a language spoken in which country?

Yoruba - Information on Languages by Country for Translation * A * B * C * D * E * F * G * H * I * J * K * L * M * N * O * P * Q * R * S * T * U * V * W * X * Y * Z Language:Yoruba Yoruba is a Niger–Congo language spoken in West Africa. The number of speakers of Yoruba was estimated at around 20 million in the 1990s. The native tongue of the Yoruba people is spoken, among other languages, in Nigeria, Benin, and Togo and in communities in other parts of Africa, Europe and the Americas. A variety of the language, Lucumi, is the liturgical language of the Santería religion of the Caribbean. It is most closely related to the Owo and Itsekiri language (spoken in the Niger-Delta) and Igala spoken in central Nigeria. Nigeriai: Nigeria officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north. Its coast in the south lies on the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean. There are over 500 ethnic groups in Nigeria, of which the three largest are the Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba. Offices worldwide to serve you! Language Marketplace Inc. Translation USA Toll Free: 1-888-918-5455


Who wrote the screenplay for the film 'The Madness of King George'?

The Madness of King George (1994) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error The Madness of King George ( 1994 ) PG-13 | A meditation on power and the metaphor of the body of state, based on the real episode of dementia experienced by George III [now suspected a victim of porphyria, a blood disorder]. As he ... See full summary  » Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 30 titles created 08 Jul 2012 a list of 26 titles created 07 Feb 2013 a list of 33 titles created 01 Jul 2013 a list of 34 titles created 12 May 2015 a list of 33 titles created 28 Nov 2015 Title: The Madness of King George (1994) 7.2/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won     1     Oscar. Another    15 wins & 18 nominations. See more awards  » Photos Edit Storyline A meditation on power and the metaphor of the body of state, based on the real episode of dementia experienced by George III [now suspected a victim of porphyria, a blood disorder]. As he loses his senses, he becomes both more alive and more politically marginalized; neither effect desirable to his lieutenants, who jimmy the rules to avoid a challenge to regal authority, raising the question of who is really in charge. Written by Dan Hartung <dhartung@mcs.com> His Majesty was all powerful and all knowing. But he wasn't quite all there. Genres: Rated PG-13 for thematic elements | See all certifications  » Parents Guide: 28 December 1994 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: La folie du roi George See more  » Filming Locations: Did You Know? Trivia There had been some question as to whether Nigel Hawthorne should be cast in the movie, since he was 65 at the time of filming and King George III was only fifty at the time of his first bout of insanity. See more » Goofs The servant Fortnum states that he is leaving royal service to open a provisioner's shop in Piccadilly ("a step up from emptying piss-pots"), a comical allusion to the Fortnum & Mason's establishment. The film takes place in 1788, 81 years after F&M was founded in 1707. In fact, the company's co-founder's grandson entered royal service in 1761, which led to an expansion of the company's business. See more » Quotes George III : By your dress, sir, and general demeanor, I'd say you were a minister of God. Dr. Willis : Oh, that's true, Your Majesty, I was once in the service of the Church. Now I practice medicine. George III : Well, I'm sorry for it. You've quitted a profession I've always loved and embraced one I most heartily DETEST. Dr. Willis : Our Savior went about healing the sick. George III : Yes... but He had not seven hundred pounds a year for it. [laughs] Referenced in Borderlands  (2009) See more » Soundtracks (USA) – See all my reviews THE MADNESS OF GEORGE III (called MADNESS OF KING GEORGE in the States because of reported studio concern, probably not apocryphal, that most Americans would wonder why they missed MADNESS I and II) begins with an act of lese majesty, a look behind the scenes as the family and ministers of George III prepare for the ceremony to open Parliament in 1788. We see the confusion of an equerry who has no idea of what his duties are, a royal attendant hurriedly spit on and cuff-polish a jewel on the kingly crown, the boredom of the king's eldest sons who would rather be just about anywhere else than waiting for their father in the chilly anteroom. ("Colder in here than a greyhound's nostril," mutters the Lord Chancellor.) It's a theme that will carry through the entire film. Kingship and royalty are shams, it seems magic acts that require faith on the part of the audience. A peek behind the curtain of noblesse oblige and it's all likely to fall to pieces. The story remains fairly true to the facts. Late in 1788, George III is taken by a mysterious illness (lately surmised to be porphyria) that


As a figure of speech, what is something hinted or implied without being definitely stated?

Imply | Definition of Imply by Merriam-Webster announce , declare , proclaim ; elucidate , explain , spell out ; delineate , describe Synonym Discussion of imply suggest , imply , hint , intimate , insinuate mean to convey an idea indirectly. suggest may stress putting into the mind by association of ideas, awakening of a desire, or initiating a train of thought <a film title that suggests its subject matter>. imply is close to suggest but may indicate a more definite or logical relation of the unexpressed idea to the expressed <measures implying that bankruptcy was imminent>. hint implies the use of slight or remote suggestion with a minimum of overt statement <hinted that she might get the job>. intimate stresses delicacy of suggestion without connoting any lack of candor <intimates that there is more to the situation than meets the eye>. insinuate applies to the conveying of a usually unpleasant idea in a sly underhanded manner <insinuated that there were shady dealings>. IMPLY Defined for English Language Learners imply verb im·ply \im-ˈplī\ Definition of imply for English Language Learners : to express (something) in an indirect way : to suggest (something) without saying or showing it plainly : to include or involve (something) as a natural or necessary part or result IMPLY Defined for Kids


Julian Bream is a virtuoso mainly on which instrument?

Julian Bream: 'I'm a better musician now than when I was 70' | Music | The Guardian Classical music Julian Bream: 'I'm a better musician now than when I was 70' Next week classical guitarist Julian Bream will receive the Gramophone lifetime achievement award. He talks to Stuart Jeffries about success and learning to let go Music’s self-master … Julian Bream. Photograph: Eamonn Mccabe for the Guardian Friday 13 September 2013 07.15 EDT First published on Friday 13 September 2013 07.15 EDT Share on Messenger Close Two years ago Julian Bream was walking with his retriever, Django, in the fields around his Dorset home, when a neighbour's dog knocked him to the ground, breaking both hips and injuring his left hand. For several years, Britain's greatest virtuoso of guitar and lute had played through the pain of arthritis, but these new injuries compelled him to renounce making music seriously. He had retired in 2002 after 55 years of professional performing, but still liked to give the occasional recital at churches or halls near his home. Thus ended his longest affair, one that started when nine-year-old Julian put on one of his dad's Quintette du Hot Club de France LPs and was seduced by what he calls the "burning anguish" of Django Reinhardt 's playing. How much are you playing these days? "Not at all. There's nothing sad about not playing any more," says Bream, who turned 80 in July. But in the next breath he adds: "The thing I feel a little annoyed about is that I know I'm a better musician than I was at 70, but I can't prove it." Next week, Bream will receive the prestigious lifetime achievement award at the Gramophone awards (previous winners include Claudio Abbado , Janet Baker, Alfred Brendel, André Previn). And while he says the body may be weaker, he also suggests that his critical faculties are more discriminating than ever. "I became much more critical in the last decade, of phrasing and tempo and general musical interpretation." It's not quite true that Bream has stopped playing, but these days, instead of the practice sessions lasting more than four hours he maintained for decades, he restricts himself to a few daily arpeggios or scales. "The whole idea is that I believe it's very good for one's brain and muscular system to work in harmony. If you keep up your playing it just keeps things ticking over." We're sitting in Bream's living room, and during our two hours together Bream only produces a guitar once – and then only at the photographer's request. He painfully picks out a few notes. "I devoted my life to music for a reason," he says, "and the reason wasn't because I wanted to get on or make money, but to try to fulfil myself and also to give people pleasure. That's been my credo." That shouldn't suggest that Bream is discontented with his lot. "The last 10 years of my life, from 70 to 80, have been the most interesting because I have only done what I wanted to do. I have cut away what I call the excess stuff in my life. I'm quite reflective – I listen to music, I read, I walk with Django." In 2008, he sold  Broad Oak House , the sprawling Wiltshire farmhouse he had lived in since 1966, with its 30 acres, stables, rose and vegetables gardens, his collection of classic cars, and the acoustically refined stone summer house where he would practise. To show me what that lavish, gregarious time of his life was like, Bream takes a DVD from his new 43‑disc box set, The Julian Bream Collection , which Sony is releasing this month to coincide with his 80th and the lifetime achievement award. This DVD is of his 1976 BBC film, A Life in the Country , made at Broad Oak House. There is footage of him playing badminton in the garden with composer Hans Werner Henze, trouncing his friend and fellow guitar virtuoso John Williams at table tennis, and stringing up cricket nets so his team of arty friends could prepare to be thrashed by the local village team. Now that lavish lifestyle has been pruned back. He lives in a little bungalow in Donhead St Andrew, a few miles from his former home. The classic cars and most of the gu


Who originated the philosophy of 'Utilitarianism'?

The History of Utilitarianism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy The History of Utilitarianism First published Fri Mar 27, 2009; substantive revision Mon Sep 22, 2014 Utilitarianism is one of the most powerful and persuasive approaches to normative ethics in the history of philosophy. Though not fully articulated until the 19th century, proto-utilitarian positions can be discerned throughout the history of ethical theory. Though there are many varieties of the view discussed, utilitarianism is generally held to be the view that the morally right action is the action that produces the most good. There are many ways to spell out this general claim. One thing to note is that the theory is a form of consequentialism: the right action is understood entirely in terms of consequences produced. What distinguishes utilitarianism from egoism has to do with the scope of the relevant consequences. On the utilitarian view one ought to maximize the overall good — that is, consider the good of others as well as one's own good. The Classical Utilitarians, Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, identified the good with pleasure, so, like Epicurus, were hedonists about value. They also held that we ought to maximize the good, that is, bring about ‘the greatest amount of good for the greatest number’. Utilitarianism is also distinguished by impartiality and agent-neutrality. Everyone's happiness counts the same. When one maximizes the good, it is the good impartially considered. My good counts for no more than anyone else's good. Further, the reason I have to promote the overall good is the same reason anyone else has to so promote the good. It is not peculiar to me. All of these features of this approach to moral evaluation and/or moral decision-making have proven to be somewhat controversial and subsequent controversies have led to changes in the Classical version of the theory. 1. Precursors to the Classical Approach Though the first systematic account of utilitarianism was developed by Jeremy Bentham (1748–1832), the core insight motivating the theory occurred much earlier. That insight is that morally appropriate behavior will not harm others, but instead increase happiness or ‘utility.’ What is distinctive about utilitarianism is its approach in taking that insight and developing an account of moral evaluation and moral direction that expands on it. Early precursors to the Classical Utilitarians include the British Moralists, Cumberland, Shaftesbury, Hutcheson, Gay, and Hume. Of these, Francis Hutcheson (1694–1746) is explicitly utilitarian when it comes to action choice. Some of the earliest utilitarian thinkers were the ‘theological’ utilitarians such as Richard Cumberland (1631–1718) and John Gay (1699–1745). They believed that promoting human happiness was incumbent on us since it was approved by God. After enumerating the ways in which humans come under obligations (by perceiving the “natural consequences of things”, the obligation to be virtuous, our civil obligations that arise from laws, and obligations arising from “the authority of God”) John Gay writes: “…from the consideration of these four sorts of obligation…it is evident that a full and complete obligation which will extend to all cases, can only be that arising from the authority of God; because God only can in all cases make a man happy or miserable: and therefore, since we are always obliged to that conformity called virtue, it is evident that the immediate rule or criterion of it is the will of God” (R, 412). Gay held that since God wants the happiness of mankind, and since God's will gives us the criterion of virtue, “…the happiness of mankind may be said to be the criterion of virtue, but once removed” (R, 413). This view was combined with a view of human motivation with egoistic elements. A person's individual salvation, her eternal happiness, depended on conformity to God's will, as did virtue itself. Promoting human happiness and one's own coincided, but, given God's design, it was not an accidental coincidence. This approa


Barbara Hulanicki founded which chain of fashion shops, famous in the 1960s?

History of 1960s Fashion and Textiles History of 1960s Fashion and Textiles The 1960s was a decade of sweeping change throughout the fashion world generating ideas and images which still appear modern today. Whereas fashion had previously been aimed at a wealthy, mature elite, the tastes and preferences of young people now became important. At the beginning of the decade, the market was dominated by Parisian designers of expensive haute couture garments. Formal suits for women underwent a structural change resulting in looser lines and shorter skirts. Yet the shape of clothes was soon transformed by new ideas emerging from the London pop scene. In Britain, musical taste and styles of dress were closely linked and it was the mod look which first popularised the simple geometric shapes typical of the 1960s. By the mid-sixties, the flared A-line was in style for dresses, skirts and coats. Slim fitting, brightly coloured garments were sold cheaply in boutiques all over 'Swinging London' and had tremendous influence throughout  Europe and the US. Men's suits became sleeker and were often accessorised with bright, bold shirts and high-heeled boots. The flamboyant look was in, signalled by wider trousers and lapels, like those belonging to the blue checked Tommy Nutter suit seen below. Designers experimented with shiny new waterproof materials with a modern look like PVC and perspex. Paco Rabanne pioneered dresses made from plastic discs and metal links which looked more like sculpture than clothing. Later in the decade the hippy look, which originated on the West Coast of America, crossed the Atlantic. This was a time when designers of dress and textiles experimented with colours, patterns and textures borrowed from non-Western cultures. As ethnic influences took over, the most fashionable people wore long layers of loose clothing in vivid, clashing colours, typified by Thea Porter's kaftans and Pucci's dazzling prints. Couture Suit, John Cavanagh, 1963. Museum no. T84+A-1974. © Victoria & Albert Museum, London The clothes of French designers like Balenciaga and Dior represented sophisticated elegance and were worn by women in high society. Public figures like Jacquie Kennedy began to favour less formal items such as shorter skirts. Fewer people now wore accessories like hats and gloves. Another important Continental influence was Italian design, which from the mid-1950s had inspired a smart, sleek look particularly in menswear. Mods in Britain insisted on tailor-made attire, choosing materials and cut for maximum impact. As this younger generation began to develop a distinct style of dress, demand grew for less traditional, more affordable outfits. The exclusive attitude of the couture houses seemed dated. Eventually, haute couture was forced to imitate popular clothing in a reversal of the usual 'top downwards' movement of fashion. Courrèges, Cardin and Yves Saint Laurent were among those who adapted brilliantly to these new circumstances. Most well-known designers started to sell their own off-the-peg ranges through department stores. Street Style Mini dress, Mary Quant, 1964. Museum no. T.353-1974. © Victoria & Albert Museum, London Young people's income was at its highest since the end of the Second World War, creating the desire for a wardrobe which did more than simply copy adult dress. The clothes aimed specifically at young people which Mary Quant had been designing since the late 1950s became popular. Boutiques, like Quant's Bazaar and Barbara Hulanicki's Biba provided inexpensively made clothing suited to a busy, urban lifestyle. Instead of buying outfits designed for specific occasions or times of the day, people preferred separates which they could combine in different ways. The miniskirt was the most eye-catching garment of the decade, designed for an ideally skinny female form. Women wore pale foundation and emphasised their eyes with kohl, mascara and false eyelashes. Hair was long and straight or worn in a shaped bob or wedge, as invented by the hairdresser Vidal Sassoon. Designers of clothes and textiles cele


Which common tree has the Latin name Acer pseudoplatanus?

Acer pseudoplatanus - Plant Finder Plant Finder Tried and Trouble-free Recommended by 2 Professionals Common Name: sycamore maple Native Range: Northwest to central Europe, Italy, Western Asia Zone: 4 to 7 Height: 40.00 to 60.00 feet Spread: 40.00 to 60.00 feet Bloom Time: May Sun: Full sun to part shade Water: Medium Suggested Use: Shade Tree, Street Tree Flower: Insignificant Garden locations Culture Easily grown in average, medium moisture, well-drained soil in full sun to part shade. Tolerant of a wide range of soils. Tolerant of some drought. Tolerant of salt. Generally tolerant of many urban pollutants. Prefers cool summer climates and does not perform well in the southeastern U.S. south of USDA Zone 7. Noteworthy Characteristics Acer pseudoplatanus, commonly called sycamore maple or planetree maple, is native to northwest/central Europe and western Asia. It is a rounded, spreading, deciduous tree that grows 40-60’ (less frequently to 100’) tall. Leathery, coarsely-serrate, prominently-veined, 5-lobed, dark green leaves (to 6” across) are dull green beneath. Leaves produce no fall color. Yellow-green flowers appear in panicles (to 5” long) in spring after the foliage emerges. Flowers are followed by pairs of samaras (to 2” long) with the wings typically forming a 60 degree angle. Samaras mature in early autumn. Bark on mature trunks will flake, exposing inner orange bark. Genus name is the Latin name for a maple tree. Specific epithet means false sycamore (pseudo meaning false and platanus being the genus for sycamore). Problems No serious insect or disease problems. Canker is the most significant potential disease problem. Garden Uses This may not be the best selection for the landscape since it is not particularly ornamental and has poor fall color. It may be used as a shade tree. It is often planted along the east coast because of its tolerance for salt spray.


Which actor played the lead in the film 'Air Force One'?

Air Force One Cast List: Actors and Actresses from Air Force One Full Cast of Air Force One Actors/Actresses 8k views 18 items tags f t p @ Air Force One cast list, listed alphabetically with photos when available. This list of Air Force One actors includes any Air Force One actresses and all other actors from the film. You can view additional information about each Air Force One actor on this list, such as when and where they were born . To find out more about a particular actor or actress, click on their name and you'll be taken to page with even more details about their acting career. The cast members of Air Force One have been in many other movies, so use this list as a starting point to find actors or actresses that you may not be familiar with. List actors range from Harrison Ford to Gary Oldman. If you want to answer the questions, "Who starred in the movie Air Force One?" and "What is the full cast list of Air Force One?" then this page has got you covered. This cast list of who was in Air Force One includes both lead and minor roles. (18 items)


Which word is defined as 'an Arctic plain of permanently frozen subsoil, with dwarfed vegetation'?

Arctic tundra - definition of Arctic tundra by The Free Dictionary Arctic tundra - definition of Arctic tundra by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Arctic+tundra Related to Arctic tundra: alpine tundra tun·dra  (tŭn′drə) n. 1. A treeless area beyond the timberline in high-latitude regions, having a permanently frozen subsoil and supporting low-growing vegetation such as lichens, mosses, and shrubs. 2. A similar area found at high elevations. [Russian, from Sami tūndar, flat-topped hill.] tundra n (Physical Geography) a. a vast treeless zone lying between the ice cap and the timberline of North America and Eurasia and having a permanently frozen subsoil b. (as modifier): tundra vegetation. [C19: from Russian, from Lapp tundar hill; related to Finnish tunturi treeless hill] tun•dra (ˈtʌn drə, ˈtʊn-) n., pl. -dras. any of the vast, nearly level, treeless plains of the arctic regions of Europe, Asia, and North America. [1835–45; < Russian < Lappish, a Finnic language spoken by the Lapps; compare Kola Lappish tūndar flat elevated area] tun·dra (tŭn′drə) A cold, treeless, usually lowland area of far northern regions. The subsoil of tundras is permanently frozen, but in summer the top layer of soil thaws and can support low-growing mosses, lichens, grasses, and small shrubs. tundra An area between the tree line in Arctic regions and the polar ice, with low-growing vegetation and permanently frozen subsoil. ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:


Which league football dub are nicknamed 'The Bantams'?

Football - Sport | Welcome to Yorkshire Share this page Barnsley Football Club Known as 'The Tykes', Barnsley Football Club has played at the highest level nationally, but currently represents the region in the second tier of English football, the Championship. In fact, they have more experience at this level than any other club in the football league! Barnsley, which has enjoyed a spell in The Premier League, has a fierce rivalry with its Yorkshire neighbours from just up the M1, Sheffield Wednesday and Sheffield United. As recently as 2006, Barnsley beat Liverpool and Chelsea on the way to the semi-finals of the FA Cup - a competition the club have won on one occasion! Barnsley FC has produced some notable talents over the years. Their great striker, Tommy Taylor, went on to win two league titles with Manchester United in the 1950s. And in the 2008/9 season they fielded the Football League's youngest ever player, Reuben Noble-Lazarus. Come along to Barnsley's easy access home ground Oakwell, the centre of a multi-purpose sports development right in the town, and watch The Tykes go marching on. Bradford City Football Club The distinctive claret and amber jerseys of Bradford City, nicknamed The Bantams, recently scaled the heady heights of The Premier League. Many fans affectionately know the ground as 'Valley Parade', which holds over 25000 and has been completely redeveloped in recent times with some truly impressive stands. The stadium has a place in football history, having witnessed the best and the worst of times, from promotion celebrations to the tragic events of the Bradford fire in 1985, which have been woven into the legend and the psyche of the club, and all who follow it. Bradford City was founded in 1903, and won the FA Cup just eight years later! They enjoyed two seasons in the Premiership at the turn of the millennium and had a recent upturn in fortunes including a stunning League Cup run to the Wembley final in 2013, after knocking out giants such as Aston Villa and Arsenal en route! The club's former players are also looked upon affectionately: Dean Windass, Staurt McCall, Peter Beagrie and John Hendrie are to name but a few!    Doncaster Rovers Football Club Doncaster Rovers was founded in 1879 and are one of only four clubs to win the Division 3/League Two title three times. Their home strip is red and white hoops which has been the main design of the club's home shirt since 2001. The associated Doncaster Rovers Belles L.F.C. are one of the most successful women's clubs in English football. The club now play at the Keepmoat Stadium since thier 2006 move from Belle Vue, which they inhabited for 84 years. The 15,000 all seater stadium was opened on New Years Day in 2007 in a game against Yorkshire rivals Huddersfield Town.  "The Rovers" celebrate some of thier great formers players such as Fred Emery, Clarrie Jordan, Harry Gregg and more recently Billy Sharp. Huddersfield Town Football Club Did you know Huddersfield Town were the first English team to win three successive league titles - a feat only achieved since by Arsenal, Liverpool and Manchester United? That was in 1926, before their manager, Herbert Chapman, was poached by an ununderachieving team from the south called Arsenal. The Terriers also scooped the FA Cup in the same era. Nowadays "The Terriers", playing in traditional blue and white strip, enjoy great rivalries with nearby Leeds and Bradford City - not to mention any other Yorkshire sides they happen to come up against! As the Yorkshire Club, Huddersfield has great community roots and has developed a reputation for having a strong Academy. Great players from the past have included Denis Law and England World Cup winner Ray Wilson. Huddersfield Town's home is the stylish and easily accessible 25000-seater Galpharm Stadium, which it shares with rugby league's Huddersfield Giants. Come along in 2010 and see if Lee Clark's lads can roll back the years. Hull City Hull City took the football world by surprise when they stormed into the Premiership with a trademark strike from legendary local h


Which Shakespeare tragedy takes place in both Venice and Cyprus?

Shakespeare's Tragedy Shakespeare's Tragedy    Bookmark this page    Manage My Reading List Unity, Time, and Place The dramatic form of classical tragedy derives from the tragic plays of ancient Athens, which depicted the downfall of a hero or famous character of Greek legend. The hero would struggle against overwhelming fate, and his defeat would be so noble that he wins the moral victory over the forces that destroy him. A tragedy evoked pity and terror in the audience; it was a catharsis, or washing clean of the soul, which left the spectator trembling but purified. Aristotle proposed the tragic unities of Place, Time, and Action, that is, the whole tragedy would take place in a single location, for example a house or a city square (this included messengers who came in from elsewhere), it would happen during the course of one day (including speeches about events which had happened in the past), and it would be a single story, without sub- plots. Compared with these strict rules, Shakespeare's tragedy is a more relaxed genre, but Othello much more than, for example, the sprawling Hamlet, observes the spirit of Aristotle. Othello, apart from Act I in Venice, is located entirely within the fortress at Cyprus. Although logically the play covers an unspecified time lapse of, we presume, two or three weeks, it proceeds, more or less, by major scenes through the hours of the day, starting in Venice with the elopement after midnight, the Senate meeting at dawn, then at Cyprus with the morning storm and afternoon landings and developments, the fateful drinking party in the early evening and the murder at bed time. This is not to say that everything happens in the same day; it obviously cannot, but the impression is of an abstract day unfolding. The plot is fairly unified, focusing on Othello and his fate, and dealing with other people and events only in so far as they are relevant to this focus. Othello is about as near as Shakespeare gets to classical tragedy. The Tragic Flaw A. C. Bradley saw Shakespearean tragedy characterized by the "tragic flaw," the internal imperfection in the hero that brings him down. His downfall becomes his own doing, and he is no longer, as in classical tragedy, the helpless victim of fate. Some say that Othello's tragic flaw was jealousy which flared at suspicion and rushed into action unchecked by calm common sense. A more modern interpretation would say that Othello's tragic flaw was that he had internalized, that is taken into himself, the prejudices of those who surrounded him. In his heart he had come to believe what they believed: that a black man is an unattractive creature, not quite human, unworthy of love. Thinking this, he could not believe that Desdemona could truly love him for himself. Her love must be a pretense, or a flawed and corrupted emotion. Iago hinted at these ideas, and Othello rushed to accept them, because they echoed his deepest fears and insecurities. The Play's Structure Shakespearean tragedy usually works on a five-part structure, corresponding to the five acts: Part One, the exposition, outlines the situation, introduces the main characters, and begins the action. Part Two, the development, continues the action and introduces complications. Part Three, the crisis (or climax), brings everything to a head. In this part, a change of direction occurs or understanding is precipitated. Part Four includes further developments leading inevitably to Part Five, in which the final crisis of action or revelation and resolution are explained. Othello follows this pattern.


The mesosphere, at 50km to 80-90km altitude above Earth's surface, is directly above which other layer?

Mesosphere - Layer of Earth's Atmosphere - Windows to the Universe The Thermosphere The Mesosphere The mesosphere is a layer of Earth's atmosphere . The mesosphere is above the stratosphere layer. The layer above the mesosphere is called the thermosphere . The mesosphere starts at 50 km (31 miles) above Earth's surface and goes up to 85 km (53 miles) high. As you get higher up in the mesosphere, the temperature gets colder . The top of the mesosphere is the coldest part of Earth's atmosphere. The temperature there is around -90ï¿½ C (-130ï¿½ F)! The boundaries between layers in the atmosphere have special names. The mesopause is the boundary between the mesosphere and the thermosphere above it. The stratopause is the boundary between the mesosphere and the stratosphere below it. Scientists know less about the mesosphere than about other layers of the atmosphere . The mesosphere is hard to study. Weather balloons and jet planes cannot fly high enough to reach the mesosphere. The orbits of satellites are above the mesosphere. We don't have many ways to get scientific instruments to the mesosphere to take measurements there. We do get some measurements using sounding rockets. Sounding rockets make short flights that don't go into orbit. Overall, there's a lot we don't know about the mesosphere because it is hard to measure and study. What do we know about the mesosphere? Most meteors from space burn up in this layer. A special type of clouds, called " noctilucent clouds ", sometimes forms in the mesosphere near the North and South Poles. These clouds are strange because they form much, much higher up than any other type of cloud . There are also odd types of lightning in the mesosphere. These types of lightning, called "sprites" and "ELVES", appear dozens of miles above thunderclouds in the troposphere below. In the mesosphere and below, different kinds of gases are all mixed together in the air. Above the mesosphere, the air is so thin that atoms and molecules of gases hardly ever run into each other. The gases get separated some , depending on the kinds of elements (like nitrogen or oxygen ) that are in them. You know that waves can form in the ocean or other bodies of water. But did you know that there are waves of air in the atmosphere? Some of these waves start in the lower atmosphere, the troposphere and stratosphere, and move upward into the mesosphere. The waves carry energy to the mesosphere. Most of the movement of air in the mesosphere is caused by these waves. Last modified July 17, 2008 by Randy Russell . Shop Windows to the Universe Science Store! Cool It! is the new card game from the Union of Concerned Scientists that teaches kids about the choices we have when it comes to climate changeï¿½and how policy and technology decisions made today will matter. Cool It! is available in our online store . Windows to the Universe Community News


"Which English Poet Laureate wrote ""The Faerie Queene""?"

Edmund Spenser | English poet | Britannica.com Edmund Spenser John Taylor Edmund Spenser, (born 1552/53, London , England —died January 13, 1599, London), English poet whose long allegorical poem The Faerie Queene is one of the greatest in the English language. It was written in what came to be called the Spenserian stanza . Edmund Spenser, oil painting by an unknown artist; in the collection of Pembroke College, … Courtesy of the Master and Fellows, Pembroke College, Cambridge, Eng. Youth and education Little is certainly known about Spenser. He was related to a noble Midlands family of Spencer, whose fortunes had been made through sheep raising. His own immediate family was not wealthy. He was entered as a “poor boy” in the Merchant Taylors’ grammar school, where he would have studied mainly Latin, with some Hebrew, Greek, and music. In 1569, when Spenser was about 16 years old, his English versions of poems by the 16th-century French poet Joachim du Bellay and his translation of a French version of a poem by the Italian poet Petrarch appeared at the beginning of an anti-Catholic prose tract, A Theatre for Voluptuous Worldlings; they were no doubt commissioned by its chief author, the wealthy Flemish expatriate Jan Baptista van der Noot . (Some of these poems Spenser later revised for his Complaints volume.) From May 1569 Spenser was a student in Pembroke Hall (now Pembroke College) of the University of Cambridge , where, along with perhaps a quarter of the students, he was classed as a sizar—a student who, out of financial necessity, performed various menial or semi-menial duties. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1573. Because of an epidemic , Spenser left Cambridge in 1574, but he received the Master of Arts degree in 1576. His best-known friend at Cambridge was the slightly older Gabriel Harvey , a fellow of Pembroke, who was learned, witty, and enthusiastic for ancient and modern literature but also pedantic , devious , and ambitious. There is no reason to believe that Spenser shared the most distasteful of these qualities, but, in the atmosphere of social mobility and among the new aristocracy of Tudor England, it is not surprising that he hoped for preferment to higher position. Spenser’s period at the University of Cambridge was undoubtedly important for the acquisition of his wide knowledge not only of the Latin and some of the Greek classics but also of the Italian, French, and English literature of his own and earlier times. His knowledge of the traditional forms and themes of lyrical and narrative poetry provided foundations for him to build his own highly original compositions . Without the Roman epic poet Virgil ’s Aeneid, the 15th-century Italian Ludovico Ariosto ’s Orlando furioso, and, later, Torquato Tasso ’s Gerusalemme liberata (1581), Spenser could not have written his heroic, or epic, poem The Faerie Queene. Without Virgil’s Bucolics and the later tradition of pastoral poetry in Italy and France, Spenser could not have written The Shepheardes Calender. And without the Latin, Italian, and French examples of the highly traditional marriage ode and the sonnet and canzone forms of Petrarch and succeeding sonneteers, Spenser could not have written his greatest lyric, Epithalamion, and its accompanying sonnets, Amoretti. The patterns of meaning in Spenser’s poetry are frequently woven out of the traditional interpretations—developed through classical times and his own—of pagan myth , divinities, and philosophies and out of an equally strong experience of the faith and doctrines of Christianity; these patterns he further enriched by the use of medieval and contemporary story, legend , and folklore. Britannica Stories Ringling Bros. Folds Its Tent Spenser’s religious training was a most important part of his education. He could not have avoided some involvement in the bitter struggles that took place in his university over the path the new Church of England was to tread between Roman Catholicism and extreme Puritanism, and his own poetry repeatedly engages with the opposition between Protestantism


Who was the third President of the USA; he died on July 4th, 1826?

Thomas Jefferson and John Adams die - Jul 04, 1826 - HISTORY.com An unlikely pair whose tumultuous friendship lasted half a century, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams both died on July 4, 1826, 50 years after signing the Declaration of Independence. Presidential Thomas Jefferson and John Adams die Share this: Thomas Jefferson and John Adams die Author Thomas Jefferson and John Adams die URL Publisher A+E Networks On this day in 1826, former Presidents Thomas Jefferson and John Adams, who were once fellow Patriots and then adversaries, die on the same day within five hours of each other. Thomas Jefferson and John Adams were the last surviving members of the original American revolutionaries who had stood up to the British empire and forged a new political system in the former colonies. However, while they both believed in democracy and life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, their opinions on how to achieve these ideals diverged over time. Adams preceded Jefferson as president (1797-1800); it was during this time that their ideas about policy-making became as distinct as their personalities. The irascible and hot-tempered Adams was a firm believer in a strong centralized government, while the erudite and gentile Jefferson believed federal government should take a more hands-off approach and defer to individual states’ rights. As Adams’ vice president, Jefferson was so horrified by what he considered to be Adams’ abuse of the presidency–particularly his passage of the restrictive Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798–that he abandoned Adams and Washington for his estate at Monticello. There, he plotted how to bring his Republican faction back into power in the presidential election of 1800. After an exceptionally bitter campaign, in which both parties engaged in slanderous attacks on each other in print, Jefferson emerged victorious. It appeared the former friends would be eternal enemies. After serving two presidential terms (1801-1809), Jefferson and Adams each expressed to third parties their respect the other and their desire to renew their friendship. Adams was the first to break the silence; he sent Jefferson a letter dated January 1, 1812, in which he wished Jefferson many happy new years to come. Jefferson responded with a note in which he fondly recalled when they were fellow laborers in the same cause. The former revolutionaries went on to resume their friendship over 14 years of correspondence during their golden years. On July 4, 1826, at the age of 90, Adams lay on his deathbed while the country celebrated Independence Day. His last words were Thomas Jefferson still survives. He was mistaken: Jefferson had died five hours earlier at Monticello at the age of 82. Related Videos


"Which Irish rock band released the albums ""Boy"", ""October"", and ""War""?"

U2 - Profile and Music of the Rock Band U2 Formation of U2:   U2 was officially formed in Dublin, Ireland September 25, 1976. 14-year-old Larry Mullen, Jr. advertised on his secondary school bulletin board for musicians for a new band. Those in attendance at the resulting meeting included Bono (Paul Hewson), the Edge (David Evans), Adam Clayton, the Edge's brother Dik Evans, Ivan McCormick, and Peter Martin. The group settled on the name Feedback, McCormick and Martin were out within weeks, and the 5 remaining began to play as a group.   Early Success:   Within 18 months Feedback became the Hype. In March, 1978, the group played a Limerick, Ireland talent show that got the attention of CBS Records and an offer to record demos. The same month Dik Evans left the band, and the group switched their name to U2. The origin of the name U2 is shrouded in various legends and stories. U2 signed a recording contract with Island in March, 1980, and their first album Boy was released in October, 1980 to strong critical acclaim. continue reading below our video Great Singers Gone too Soon     Referring to his father in interview with Rolling Stone: "By not encouraging me to be a musician, even though that's all he ever wanted to be, he's made me one. By telling me never to have big dreams or else, that to dream is to be disappointed, he made me have big dreams. By telling me that the band would only last five minutes or ten minutes -- we're still here."   US Pop Success:   Although U2's first three albums Boy, October, and War were critical successes and sold strongly in the UK, they did not break through to the US top 40 until "Pride (In the Name of Love)" from their 4th album, The Unforgettable Fire, released in 1984. The song was inspired by the life of civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. In the summer of 1985 U2 gave one of the most memorable performances of the massive Live Aid concert event.   The Joshua Tree:   U2's next album did not appear until March, 1987. The album was instantly hailed by critics. "With or Without You," the first single from the album hit #1 on the US pop singles chart. The album also reached #1 and eventually won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year. U2 became the 4th rock band in history featured on the cover of Time magazine after the Beatles, the Band, and the Who. The band set out on tour with a reputation as one of the world's greatest rock bands.   Top U2 Albums - US Sales Figures:   1987 - The Joshua Tree - 10 million copies sold 1991 - Achtung, Baby - 8 million copies sold 1988 - Rattle and Hum - 5 million copies sold 2000 - All That You Can't Leave Behind - 4 million copies sold 1983 - War - 4 million copies sold   Zoo TV and Pop Experiments:   After a retreat to rethink and retool, U2 returned in 1991 with the more experimental rock album Achtung, Baby. It was greeted as a classic and featured the hits "One" and "Mysterious Ways." The band embarked on the Zoo TV tour, a multimedia extravaganza. The album Zooropa, recorded during breaks in the tour and released in 1993, experimented with electronic music. After a break the band returned with 1997's techno/disco-oriented Pop and Popmart tour exploring themes of decadence.   Trivia Fact About U2:   Peter Rowan, the young boy featured on the original cover of the album Boy and the cover of the album War was the brother of a friend of Bono's.   Elder Statesmen of Rock:   After a decade of experimentation in the 1990's, U2 released the more traditional sounding All That You Can't Leave Behind in October, 2000 to massive international acclaim. The album debuted at #1 on the charts in 22 countries and was led by the jubilant single "Beautiful Day." Ultimately, All That You Can't Leave Behind won 6 Grammy Awards. U2 were selected to perform 3 songs at halftime during the 2002 Super Bowl game. They finished with "Where the Streets Have No Name" played as the names of victims of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks scrolled behind them. How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb was released in September, 2004 and cemented the band's status as elder roc


Fagus sylvatica is the botanical name for which common forest tree?

Fagus sylvatica Beech, European beech, Common Beech PFAF Plant Database Physical Characteristics   Fagus sylvatica is a deciduous Tree growing to 30 m (98ft) by 15 m (49ft) at a medium rate. It is hardy to zone (UK) 5 and is not frost tender. It is in flower from Apr to May, and the seeds ripen from Sep to October. The flowers are monoecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but both sexes can be found on the same plant) and are pollinated by Wind.It is noted for attracting wildlife. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils and can grow in very acid and very alkaline soils. It can grow in full shade (deep woodland) semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers dry or moist soil. The plant can tolerates strong winds but not maritime exposure. It can tolerate atmospheric pollution. Synonyms Edible Uses: Coffee ;   Oil . Young leaves - raw[183]. A very nice mild flavour, they go well in a mixed salad. However, the leaves quickly become tough so only the youngest should be used[2, 5, 12, K]. New growth is usually produced for 2 periods of 3 weeks each year, one in spring and one in mid-summer. Seed - raw or cooked[2, 5, 7, 63, 183]. A pleasant sweet flavour, though rather small and fiddly[K]. The seed can also be dried and ground into a powder and then used with cereal flours when making bread, cakes etc[12]. The seed is rich in oil. The seed should not be eaten in large quantities because it contains a deleterious principle[65, 238]. The seed contains 17 - 20% of an edible semi-drying oil[4, 7, 8, 57]. This stores well without going rancid and is said to be equal in delicacy to olive oil[183]. It is used as a dressing for salads and also for cooking[238]. The seed residue is poisonous[9, 57]. The roasted seed is used as a coffee substitute[2, 63]. Medicinal Uses Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally. Antacid ;   Antipyretic ;   Antiseptic ;   Antitussive ;   Bach ;   Expectorant ;   Odontalgic ;   Skin . The bark is antacid, antipyretic, antiseptic, antitussive, expectorant, odontalgic[7, 9]. A tar (or creosote), obtained by dry distillation of the branches, is stimulating and antiseptic[4]. It is used internally as a stimulating expectorant and externally as an application to various skin diseases[4, 238]. The pure creosote has been used to give relief from toothache, but it should not be used without expert guidance[7]. The plant is used in Bach flower remedies - the keywords for prescribing it are 'Intolerance', 'Criticism' and 'Passing judgements'[209]. Other Uses Charcoal ;   Fuel ;   Hedge ;   Hedge ;   Oil ;   Stuffing ;   Teeth ;   Wood . A semi-drying oil is obtained from the seed, it is used as a fuel for lighting, as a lubricant, for polishing wood etc[12, 13, 46, 57, 63]. The seed residue is poisonous[9, 57]. The leaf buds harvested in the winter and dried on the twigs are used as toothpicks[66]. The leaves are gathered in autumn and used as a stuffing material for mattresses etc[115]. Wood - hard, heavy, strong, very durable[13, 46]. It is not suitable for outdoor use[1] and is often attacked by a small beetle[4]. It has a wide range of applications, including furniture, flooring, turnery etc[100]. It makes a very good fuel[6, 66], burning with a lot of heat[4], and yields a charcoal known as 'Carbo Ligni Pulveratus'[46]. The wood has often been used as a source of creosote, tar, methyl alcohol. acetic acid[123]. Cultivation details Landscape Uses:Firewood, Pest tolerant, Hedge, Aggressive surface roots possible, Screen, Specimen. Thrives on a light or medium soil, doing well on chalk, but ill-adapted for a heavy wet soil[1, 11]. Prefers a calcareous soil but succeeds in acid soils though it does not make such a fine tree in such a situation[186]. Succeeds in almost any soil and any pH, it is also very tolerant of a wide range of climatic conditio


"Who composed the oratorio ""A German Requiem"", also a quintet for clarinet and strings, etc?"

Classical CD Guide -- Top 10 Essential Brahms CDs and MP3s to Start Your Classical Music Collection Compare these retailers... Johannes Brahms (1833-1897) was an extreme perfectionist; he threw into the fire any music he did not deem up to his high standards. As a result, the ratio of masterpieces to lesser works in his output is extremely high. At an early age, critics began calling Brahms the successor to Beethoven, and he cemented this legacy with his four symphonies and profusion of chamber music. Brahms avoided the dramatic Romanticism of Berlioz and Liszt, and instead took after the Viennese Classical masters Mozart and Beethoven, as well as his more recent predecessors Schubert and Schumann. Unlike his contemporary Richard Wagner, Brahms composed no operas, and as the nineteenth century drew to a close musicians were divided into the "Brahmsians," who emphasized controlled passion in traditional styles, and "Wagnerians," who favored dramatic expression and formal experimentation. Today Brahms is one of the "three great B's" of classical music (along with Bach and Beethoven), and his music is loved worldwide for its beauty and its emotional power. However, the music is often regarded as "brainy," and its complexities aren't always immediately unraveled by the first-time listener. But Brahms's music is so incredibly rich that his works always offer something new to the listener, even on the tenth or twentieth or hundredth hearing. Brahms was born into a musical family in northern Germany. He earned his living as a pianist until the age of twenty, after which he was able to concentrate solely on composition. He incorporated himself into the leading musical circles, making friends with Robert and Clara Schumann, Franz Liszt, and the violinist Joseph Joachim. In the 1860s Brahms settled in Vienna, from whence he made occasional concert tours throughout Germany and Austria. As he produced masterpiece after masterpiece, his fame spread throughout Europe and the United States, and in his later years he was viewed as the greatest living composer of orchestral and chamber music. Brahms's influence on later music was enormous. Many twentieth-century composers looked to him for inspiration in their own works. In particular Arnold Schoenberg, founder of Serialism, wrote an essay entitled "Brahms the Progressive" that showed how Brahms's ability to develop enormous compositions out of tiny musical gestures paved the way for the musical revolutions of the early 1900s.


A boxer between 155-160 lb. (72.6 kg) is classed in which weight?

Weight divisions - BoxRec Weight divisions 5 History of the Weight Divisions Current Weight Divisions In January 2015, the World Boxing Council , World Boxing Association and the International Boxing Federation reached an agreement to standardize the names of the 17 weight categories. (The World Boxing Organization has yet to adopt these standard class names.) The currently-recognized weight divisions/classes for professional male boxers, listed in maximum allowable weight, as defined by these four major sanctioning bodies , are: Division/Class Pinweight: up to 101 pounds Light Flyweight: 106 Light Flyweight: up to 106 pounds Flyweight: 112 Super Heavyweight: over 201 Traditional Eight Divisions These are commonly known today as the "traditional divisions," which were basically the only weight classes throughout the early 20th Century, before the numerous "super," "junior" and "light" classes were added. Flyweight: 8 st (50,802 Kg / 112 lbs) Bantamweight: 8 st 6 lbs (53,525 kg / 118 lbs) Featherweight: 9 st (57,153 kg / 126 lbs) Lightweight: 9 st 9 lbs (61,235 kg / 135 lbs) Welterweight: 10½ st (66,678 kg / 147 lbs) Middleweight: 11 st 6 lbs (72,574 kg / 160 lbs) Light Heavyweight: 12½ st (79,378 kg / 175 lbs) Heavyweight: (unlimited) See also, 15 Feb 1909 Los Angeles Herald article re: necessity for revision to universal 8 divisions: [1] History of the Weight Divisions The 21 National Sporting Club ( NSC ) Rules- (1891-?) London-based private club amends 12 Queensberry Rules , modifying with new augment rules with nine specific criteria, such as designating role of officials; devised a system of scoring bouts; and enabled referee to determine who won. Major accomplishment transpired in 1909 ratification vote and 1910 implementation of 8 traditional weight classes: Heavyweight [176 lbs plus; at least 75.3 kg; over 12 stone, 7 lbs] Cruiserweight [175 lb maximum; 79.5 kg; or 12 stone, 7 pounds] later called "lighter heavyweight" by the English and "light heavyweight" by the Americans. Solidified under the New York State Athletic Commission and National Boxing Association as one division, with a uniform name. Middleweight [160 lbs maximum; 72.7 kg; or 11 stone, 4 pounds] Welterweight [147 lbs maximum; 66.8 kg; or 10 stone, 7 pounds] Lightweight [135lbs maximum; 61.4 kg; or 9 stone, 9 pounds] Featherweight [126lbs maximum; 57.3 kg; or 9 stone] Bantamweight [118lbs maximum; 53.6 kg; or 8 stone, 6 pounds] Flyweight [112lbs maximum; 50.9 kg; or 8 stone] NOTE: weight class key- one pound equals .45359237 kilograms one pound equals .0714285714 stone- sixteen ounces equals one pound, 14 stone and 6 kilograms. Olympic Boxing Classes & Weight Divisions: [American lbs, European kilograms, English stones] One pound (lb as unit of mass) is equal to 16 ounces (oz) One kilogram (also equal to 1,000 grams) is equal to 2.2 lbs One stone is equal to 14 pounds (with pounds rounding 5/8th) Super Heavyweight: [202lbs + above; 91.6 kg or 14 stone, 6 pounds] – (est. 1984-end 2004): legislation pending before International Olympic Congress , not subject to change by AIBA . Heavyweight: [179-201lbs*; 81.2 – 91.2 kg; 12 stone, 11 pounds – 14 stone, 5 pounds]– (est. 1904) Light Heavyweight: [166-178lbs; 75.3 – 80.7 kg; or 11 stone, 12 pounds – 12 stone, 10 pounds – (est. 1920) Middleweight: [157-165lbs; 71.2 – 74.8; or 11 stone, 3 pounds – 11 stone, 11 pounds] – (est. 1904) Light Middleweight: [148-156lbs; 67.1 – 70.8 kg; or 10 stone, 8 pounds – 11 stone, 2 pound] – (est. 1952) Welterweight: [140-147lbs; 63.5 – 66.7 kg; or 10 stone – 10 stone, 7 pounds] – (est. 1904) Light Welterweight: [133-139lbs; 60.3 – 63.0 kg; or 9 stone, 7 pounds – 9 stone, 13 pounds] – (est. 1952) Lightweight: [126-132lbs; 57.2 – 59.9 kg; or 9 stone – 9 stone, 6 pounds] – (est. 1904) Featherweight: [120-125lbs; 54.4 – 56.7 kg; or 8 stone, 8 pounds – 8 stone, 13 pounds] – (est. 1904) Bantamweight: [113-119lbs; 51.3 – 53.9 kg; or 8 stone, 1 pound – 8 stone, 7 pounds] – (est. 1904) Flyweight: [107-112lbs; 48.5 – 50.8 kg; or 7 stone, 9 pounds – 8 stone] – (est. 1904) Light Fly


Which Old Testament prophet was summoned by the Witch of Endor?

The Biblical Witch of Endor: Contacting the Spirit of a Prophet | Ancient Origins 12 March, 2016 - 14:50 Natalia Klimczak The Biblical Witch of Endor: Contacting the Spirit of a Prophet (Read the article on one page) The Witch of Endor is known also as the biblical Medium of Endor. According to legend, she was a medium who apparently summoned the Prophet Samuel's spirit. She is known from the Old Testament, but became a part of other traditions too. A Legend in Ancient Books The Witch of Endor became an important legend for Judaism, Christianity, and pagan spiritual practitioners. She appears as one of the most mysterious people described in the Old Testament, in the First Book of Samuel, chapter 28:3-25. She appears also in the Jewish Book of Sirach (46:19-20). She is called in the Biblical Hebrew language אֵ֥שֶׁת בַּֽעֲלַת־אֹ֖וב בְּעֵ֥ין דֹּֽור (’êšeṯ ba‘ălaṯ-’ōḇ bə-‘Êndōr), "a woman who has a familiar spirit at Endor". She is not named in the passages, but in the rabbinical tradition, she was perhaps the mother of Abner, the cousin to Saul and commander-in-chief of his army. She could also have been Sedecla, the daughter of a priest of Madian. Her name was connected with the Canaanite village Endor (or En Dor, Ein Dor), which was located in the Jezreel Valley in Lower Galilee, Israel. Saul was the legendary first king of a United Kingdom of Israel and Judah. His reign is dated to the late 11th century BC, but this is not sure. Both Saul and the Witch of Endor appear as historical persons, not just legends. Saul and the Witch of Endor by Gustave Dore. ( Public Domain ) In the Bible, when Samuel died his body was buried in Ramah, five miles north-west from Jerusalem. The new king of Israel was Saul. He looked to wisdom from God to choose a right course in his struggle with the Philistines. He wanted to solve the problem and take an action against their assembled forces. Saul didn't receive any answer from his dreams, prophets he asked, or other places. He asked all the possible necromancers and magicians who lived in Israel and around. He was looking for a person, who was a strong medium. Finally, he discovered the existence of a woman who lived in Endor. She claimed that she could see the ghost of Samuel. The Celestial Snow White – Ancient Tale, Hidden Cypher- PART I As the Bible says: Then said Saul unto his servants, Seek me a woman that hath a familiar spirit that I may go to her, and enquire of her. And his servants said to him, Behold, there is a woman that hath a familiar spirit at Endor. And Saul disguised himself, and put on other raiment, and he went, and two men with him, and they came to the woman by night: and he said, I pray thee, divine unto me by the familiar spirit, and bring me him up, whom I shall name unto thee. And the woman said unto him, Behold, thou knowest what Saul hath done, how he hath cut off those that have familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land: wherefore then layest thou a snare for my life, to cause me to die? Saul speaking to Samuel's spirit at the Witch of Endor, 1675 by Gabriel Ehinger. ( Public Domain ) The ghost first complained of being disturbed, but with time, he started to collaborate with the Witch of Endor. He left a prophecy saying that Saul was going to perish with his army in a battle the next day. Saul was shocked, but he decided not to listen to the words of the ghost. The Witch of Endor tried to cheer him up, but perhaps hoped that he would listen to the wise ghost. Unfortunately, Saul decided to attack the enemy, and his army was defeated. After the battle, the king committed suicide. A “Ventriloquist” The story of the Witch of Endor survived through the Jews, Christians, and Pagans. Her story was celebrated in the medieval Jewish text Yalkut Shimoni , but also appeared in many Christian texts. For centuries the bishops debated about the theological reasons for the popularity of this story. The most worrying was the case of using magic by the woman. In the 2nd century BC, in the Septuagint, they described her as ''ventriloquist'', which perhaps reflected the