What nationality was the artist Edvard Munch?

Edvard Munch Biography, Art, and Analysis of Works | The Art Story Web Services & Hosting by The Computer Studio | Designed by DesArtLab Impressionism Impressionism A movement in painting that first surfaced in France in the 1860s, it sought new ways to describe effects of light and movement, often using rich colors. The Impressionists were drawn to modern life and often painted the city, but they also captured landscapes and scenes of middle-class leisure-taking in the suburbs. Paul Gauguin Paul Gauguin Paul Gauguin was a French Post-Impressionist artist who employed color fields and painterly strokes in his work. He is best known for his primitivist depictions of native life in Tahiti and Polynesia. Expressionism Expressionism Expressionism is a broad term for a host of movements in early twentieth-century Germany and beyond, from Die Brücke (1905) and Der Blaue Reiter (1911) to the early Neue Sachlichkeit painters in the 1920s and '30s. Many Expressionists used vivid colors and abstracted forms to create spiritually or psychologically intense works, while others focused on depictions of war, alienation, and the modern city. Symbolism Symbolism Symbolism is an artistic and literary movement that first emerged in France in the 1880s. In the visual arts it is often considered part of Post-Impressionism. It is characterized by an emphasis on the mystical, romantic and expressive, and often by the use of symbolic figures. Art Nouveau Art Nouveau Art Nouveau was a movement that swept through the decorative arts and architecture in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Generating enthusiasts throughout Europe, it was aimed at modernizing design and escaping the eclectic historical styles that had previously been popular. It drew inspiration from both organic and geometric forms, evolving elegant designs that united flowing, natural forms with more angular contours. Vincent van Gogh Vincent van Gogh Vincent van Gogh was a Dutch painter, commonly associated with the Post-Impressionist period. As one of the most prolific and experimental artists of his time, van Gogh was a spontaneous painter and a master of color and perspective. Troubled by personal demons all his life, many historians speculate that van Gogh suffered from a Bipolar disorder. Edouard Manet Edouard Manet Edouard Manet was a French painter and a prominent figure in the mid-nineteenth-century Realist movement of French art. Manet's paintings are considered among the first works of art in the modern era, due to his rough painting style and absence of idealism in his figures. Manet was a close friend of and major influence on younger artists who founded Impressionism such as Claude Monet, Edgar Degas and Pierre-Auguste Renoir. Post-Impressionism Post-Impressionism Post-Impressionism refers to a number of styles that emerged in reaction to Impressionism in the 1880s. The movement encompassed Symbolism and Neo-Impressionism before ceding to Fauvism around 1905. Its artists turned away from effects of light and atmosphere to explore new avenues such as color theory and personal feeling, often using colors and forms in intense and expressive ways. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was a Post-Impressionist artist who depicted the dancers, prostitutes, drinkers, and other characters of fin-de-siecle Paris. He is known for his paintings, his caricatures of friends, and his well-designed posters for Parisian dance halls. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner was one of the driving forces in the Die Brücke group that flourished in Dresden and Berlin before WWI, and one of the most talented and influential of the Expressionists. Wassily Kandinsky Wassily Kandinsky A member of the German Expressionist group Der Blaue Reiter, and later a teacher at the Bauhaus, Kandinsky is best known for his pioneering breakthrough into expressive abstraction in 1913. His work prefigures that of the American Abstract Expressionists. Max Beckmann Max Beckmann Max Beckmann was a German artist, writer, and phil


Isar, Munich Munich A View On Cities > Munich > Munich Attractions > Isar River Loading... 5 15 votes The Isar River, which flows through Munich and splits the city in half, provides visitors and locals with a variety of recreational opportunities. About the River Isar For Munich inhabitants, the Isar River is more than just a pretty sight. The river, whose waters flow from the Alpine region of Tirol in Austria, has long served as a major city attraction. A number of popular pursuits take place on its waters or along its banks. Fishing in the River Isar is quite popular and overnight fishing packages are offered by outfitters in the area. Expect to catch graylings and other similar fish. (A license is required for all adults.) Isar Tributary in the Englischer Garten Other fun activities include river rafting, but not the type that most people picture when they think about such an activity. This is not whitewater rafting, but rather merely floating down the gentle river on a wooden raft. These old-fashioned leisurely float trips take several hours and usually include a band, plenty of German food, and a bit of rambunctious behavior. (For example, you might want to bring a water gun so you can squirt passers-by on the bridges above the river!) Sunbathing is also a common warm weather occurrence on the banks of the Isar River. But beware... nude sunbathing is allowed in certain areas and if you're not accustomed to this tradition, you may be in for an embarrassing moment or two. The riverbank Along some stretches of the river, you'll also find ideal spots for picnicking, and in designated areas, you can bring a barbecue grill and set it up near the water. In the summer, it can get pretty crowded on particularly pleasant days in the city. River Surfing on the Eisbach On a stretch of the river known as the Eisbach - a tributary of the Isar which runs directly through the Englischer Garten - avid surfers can practice their skills without ever leaving the city! Though Munich is hundreds upon hundreds of miles Surfing on the Eisbach from any coastline, a "permanent" wave, produced as the river's waters shoot from an underground tunnel, allows for some pretty radical river surfing. The water comes out of the tunnel at about five meters per second and only one person can surf at a time. Nevertheless, polite German surfers wait their turn to enjoy this awesome city activity. If you decide to give it a try, remember that the rocks and walls nearby add to the potential danger of surfing here and that the water is almost always cold.


In which Bavarian town is the Passion Play performed every ten years?

Bavaria- Oberammergau - Passion Play - Pilgrimage - Arts, culture & heritage - Things to do Arts, culture & heritage Tweet Oberammergau - Passion Play This small Bavarian community, with 5,100 inhabitants located within the Ammergau Alps, owes its world-famous reputation to the impressive Passion Plays that have been performed every 10 years in the town since 1634 - the next will take place in 2020. Over the last few years the imposing 4,800 capacity Passion Play Theater has opened its doors for other famous cultural performances. In addition there are backstage tours of the Passion Play Theater throughout the year. All year round English guided tours for individual travelers are offered at 11 a.m. daily (except on Monday): find out more about the fantastic history of the Play and stand on the stage on which innumerable generations have portrayed the life of Christ.” The beautiful art of wood carving and the picturesque houses decorated with so called “Lüftlmalerei” (wall paintings) have also contributed to Oberammergau`s popularity. From the peaks of the local mountains visitors can enjoy a spectacular view of the fabulous “King-Ludwig Country“ with its fairy tale castles of Neuschwanstein and Linderhof.


What is Hanson's disease commonly known as?

Hansen's Disease (Leprosy) | CDC Hansen's Disease (Leprosy) ShareCompartir Hansen's disease (also known as leprosy) is a long-lasting infection caused by bacteria. The disease was once feared as a highly contagious and devastating disease. Now, however, the disease is very rare and easily treated. Early diagnosis and treatment usually prevent disability related to the disease.


What does a hygrometer measure What does a hygrometer measure by Brittany what does a hygrometer and anemometer do in the weather? Barry's Response - Brittney: These things are special instruments for measuring weather: For instance, a thermometer measures temperature and a barometer measures pressure. Now for the two you asked about: What does a hygrometer measure? A hygrometer measures the amount of water vapor in the air, the humidity.  Some use a salted metalstrip to display humidity as a function of the differing expansion rates of the two substances. Some use hair because it responds well to moisture changes. Others use electronic circuitry in the form of refrigerated components collecting dew or measurements of changes in electrical capacity, resistance or conductivity. More on hygrometers at http://www.stuffintheair.com/hygrometermakes.html Anemometers,like the one shown above, measure the wind speed, while a weather vane points out the wind direction for you. Most familiar ones measure wind speed, and others measure changes in pressure to deduce speed. more on wind measurements at http://www.stuffintheair.com/weathervanestore.html Search this site for more information now.


What 1945 film starring Margaret Lockwood was titled after the legend of a 17th century highwaywoman?

1000+ images about The wicked lady on Pinterest | Post office, Manor houses and Lady The Cell Markyate is a Tudor Manor House. It is still a private residence and once housed the Wicked lady, a highway robber. her Ghost is still seen. See More


What is a sequence of letters called which reads the same backwards as forwards?

Palindrome Baby Names: The Same Forwards And Backwards | The Huffington Post Palindrome Baby Names: The Same Forwards And Backwards 09/07/2013 05:01 pm ET | Updated Sep 10, 2013 130 Getty Written by Linda Rosenkrantz for Nameberry If you’re looking for a name with perfect symmetry and balance, nothing could fit the bill better than a palindromic appellation, meaning one that reads the same backwards and forwards. Granted, that’s a pretty limited field, and a lot of the choices begin and end with the letter "a" with only one consonant in-between, but there are a few others as well. Here are the most usable: Ada A sweet turn-of-the-last century favorite that’s recently returned, climbing more than 350 places in the past decade, partly subbing for the overused Ava. Notable namesake: Ada Lovelace, mathematician daughter of the poet Lord Byron, who worked on the forerunners to the calculator and computer. Asa A strong but underused Biblical name for boys-- Asa was an important king of Judah. Long associated with the patriarchal Asa Buchanan on the soap opera "One Life to Live," its image has been rejuvenated by young Asa Butterfield, star of "Hugo." Radiohead's Colin Greenwood has a son named Asa. Ava Ava has been one of the most outstanding girls’ name success stories of the twenty-first century, having been seated solidly in the Top 5 since 2006; it still carries with it some of the residual retro glamour of the gorgeous midcentury movie star Ava Gardner. Bob Robert may have lost its punch, but there’s still some hipster-cool energy left in his old nickname Bob, associated with icons ranging from Dylan to Hope. Bob is the full name of one of Charlie Sheen’s twin boys, along with Max . Eve The Biblical Eve has come back into style, appreciated for its simplicity, purity and strength. Actor Clive Owen chose two palindromic names for his girls: Eve and Hannah; Jessica Capshaw named her daughter Eve Augusta. Rapper Eve Jihan Jeffers goes by her single first name. Hannah One of the more substantial palindromes, Hannah has been a mega-popular Old Testament name since the mid-70s and is now at Number 22. The TV show "Hannah Montana" was a huge TV teen sensation from 2006 to 2011, and it's the name Lena Dunham chose for her own character in her hit series "Girls." Otto Otto is on the path to follow formerly fusty Otto -- he’s already getting a lot of attention on Nameberry, with those attractive book-ended O’s. Otto’s’s got a lot of history too, most of it dating back to the Holy Roman Empire. Otto Preminger was a daring film director, not afraid to push the limits of censorship in his movies. Renner Just thought we’d throw this in -- as there’s something of a trendlet of celebs naming their kids after other celebs, both past and present, why not consider that of Jeremy Renner? It fits right in with other er-ending boys’ names and is related to "runner." Also on HuffPost:


Who was the first wife of poet Ted Hughes, who killed herself in 1963?

Ted Hughes's wife, Sylvia Plath, famously killed herself. But what of his mistress, who four years later did the same? | Books | The Guardian Share on Messenger Close Within a period of six years, Ted Hughes faced the sudden deaths of four people dear to him. In February 1963 his estranged wife, Sylvia Plath, gassed herself in her kitchen following his affair with another woman, Assia Wevill. He was just 32 when he found himself in sole charge of their children, Frieda, who was three, and Nicholas, barely one year old. Six years later, in March 1969, Wevill killed herself and Shura, their four-year-old daughter. At that time, his mother Edith appeared to be getting on well after an operation on her knee, but Hughes was afraid that the news might affect her recovery. In the following weeks he shunned his parents, and did not visit, phone or write to them. When his father asked Olwyn, Hughes's sister, what the matter was, she told him but made him vow to keep it a secret. But he could not keep silent and told his wife. Edith suffered a thrombosis, lapsed into a coma and died three days later. Ted was certain that Wevill's suicide was the final blow. In a letter to his close friend Lucas Myers, Hughes reflected on his part in the deaths of his wife and lover, confessing that with Plath it was his "insane decisions", while in Wevill's case it was his "insane indecisions". When he granted us a rare interview in London in October 1996, Hughes said Plath's death "was complicated and inevitable, she had been on that track most of her life. But Wevill's was avoidable." Perhaps this was why he tried to erase her from his life. The press refrained, for some mysterious reason, from reporting the tragedy. The crime columns of the London newspapers that week in March 1969 ran items about the strangling of a wife in her home and the death of a girl who set fire to herself in Paris, but there was no word of the deaths of Assia and Shura Wevill in Clapham Common. Only one local paper, the South London Press, violated what amounted to a hush-up. Even there, the story was at the bottom of page 13, and omitted any hint of an intimate connection between the poet and the deceased. Throughout his life, Hughes warded off biographers and journalists and asked his friends to refrain from mentioning him in interviews or in their memoirs. When his archive at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, was made available to the public in 2000, it was devoid of Wevill's presence in his life: none of the numerous letters they exchanged, the notes, drawings or photos, were there. In the rare instances where he agreed to provide biographical details, Assia and Shura were never mentioned. He claimed that after Plath's suicide and until his marriage to Carol Orchard in 1970, he raised his children assisted only by members of his family or a local woman who helped with the daily chores - that for all those years, he was looking for a permanent feminine figure but "the right woman failed to materialise". In fact, Wevill lived with him in what she called Plath's "ghost house", 23 Fitzroy Road, London, and then in Ireland and Devon, and mothered his children. In May 1962, Assia and her third husband, the Canadian poet David Wevill, were invited to spend a weekend with Plath and Hughes, who were then living in the village of North Tawton in Devon. It was on that weekend, as Hughes later wrote in a poem, that "The dreamer in me fell in love with her". Six weeks passed before he and Wevill met alone for the first time, when he came to London for a meeting at the BBC. But Plath was quick to discover the budding affair. She ordered him out, and he was happy to comply. The following day he knocked on the Wevill's door carrying four bottles of champagne. Wevill made no secret of Hughes' ferocious lovemaking among her office friends. Equally repelled and fascinated, she told Edward Lucie-Smith, "You know, in bed he smells like a butcher." In the next two months he shuttled between the two women. In mid-September he and Plath took a holiday in Ireland. On the fourth day he


Chopin Funeral March (Arr. for Organ) - YouTube Chopin Funeral March (Arr. for Organ) Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Aug 15, 2011 From his Sonata, Op. 35. Chopin composed his famous funeral march a few years before writing his second sonata. He wrote the other three movements so it would fit around the march thematically and harmonically. Chopin's own funeral was held at the Church of the Madeleine in Paris, France. The pieces that were played at the funeral were his Preludes Nos. 4 and 6, parts of Mozart's Requiem, and his very own Funeral March. The main reason I posted this video was because I realized that there weren't any good quality videos of this piece on an organ. Though there were great preformances, the sound of the organ isn't easy to capture on a video camera. Played by: Yves Rechsteiner


Ignatius of Loyola (1491-1556) founded what religious order?

Xavier University - Center for Mission and Identity - Who was St. Ignatius Loyola? A Biography of St. Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556): The Founder of the Jesuits   George Traub, S.J., and Debra Mooney, Ph.D. The Early Years Iñigo Lopez de Oñaz y Loyola, whom we know as St. Ignatius, was born in the Castle Loyola , in the Basque country of northeastern Spain, in 1491, during the reign of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella. Iñigo was the youngest of 13 children, raised in a family culture of high Catholic piety but lax morals. He experienced the contradictions between the ideals of church and crown and the realities of his own family. His father had several children by another woman, and his grandfather's lawless behavior led to the top two floors of the Loyola castle being demolished by order of the crown. Iñigo hardly knew his mother, Marina Saenz de Licona y Balda Maria; she died when he was a child. His father, Don Beltrán Yañez de Oñaz y Loyola, died when he was 16. One of his brothers went on the second voyage of Columbus and another died in battle also far away. Iñigo was raised to be a courtier and diplomat in service to the crown, having received a chivalric yet academically sparse education typical of his class. He spent some time as a page at court. Winning personal glory was his passion. He was a fancy dresser, an expert dancer, a womanizer, sensitive to insult, and a rough punkish swordsman who used his privileged status to escape prosecution for violent crimes committed with his priest brother at carnival time. The Soldier In the spring of 1521, a very large French army attacked the fortress town of Pamplona. A tiny band of Spanish soldiers trying to defend the town were ready to surrender; all of them except Iñigo de Loyola. He would hold off the French single-handedly. But a French cannonball shattered his leg and put an end to his stand. The French admired the courage of the man. They carried him on a litter back home to his castle of Loyola. His leg was not the only thing that had been shattered. His image of himself as a handsome, dashing courtier - everything that he had ever lived for - was shattered, too. The broken leg was not properly set. The bone protruded in a way that would show through the tight hose that a courtier wore, "so much as to be something ugly." Iñigo insisted on having the leg re-broken and re-set; there was, of course, no anesthetic. In the end one leg was still shorter than the other; Iñigo limped the rest of his life. To pass the time while he recovered, he asked for the kind of books he enjoyed reading: romances of chivalry. But the only reading available in the house was an illustrated Life of Christ and a book of saints' legends. He spent hours dreaming. He dreamt of the exploits he would do in service to his king and in honor of the royal lady he was in love with. But he would also dream about the exploits he could do to imitate St. Francis of Assisi and St. Dominic in fidelity to his heavenly Lord. Gradually, he began to reflect on these experiences; he noticed what was going on within. Both kinds of daydreams engaged him completely, but after the romantic chivalry dreaming was over, he felt empty and dissatisfied, whereas after the spiritual dreaming ended, he still felt a deep peace, a quiet happiness. "[H]e did not consider nor did he stop to examine this difference until one day his eyes were partially opened and he began to wonder at this difference and to reflect upon it. From experience he knew that some thoughts left him sad while others made him happy, and little by little he came to perceive the different spirits that were moving him..." Here we see the beginning of his powers of discernment , of decision making. He realized God was leading him by his feelings, drawing him toward an entirely new way of life. The Pilgrim As soon as Iñigo had healed enough to walk, he began a journey to Jerusalem so that he could "kiss the earth where our Lord had walked." He traveled through the town of Montserrat, Spain where he gave away his fine clothes to a poor man. Then, in an all-


Leslie Poles were the first names of which writer, whose works included The Go-Between?

L. P. Hartley | British writer and critic | Britannica.com British writer and critic Alternative Title: Leslie Poles Hartley L. P. Hartley Sir Max Beerbohm L. P. Hartley, (born Dec. 30, 1895, Fletton Tower, near Peterborough, Northamptonshire, Eng.—died Dec. 13, 1972, London ), English novelist, short-story writer, and critic whose works fuse a subtle observation of manners traditional to the English novel with an interest in the psychological nuance . After he got his degree at the University of Oxford (1922), Hartley wrote criticism for the literary reviews and published short stories, many of them fantastic or macabre . A collection, Night Fears, appeared in 1924. His novella Simonetta Perkins (1925) was a light exercise in cosmopolitan manners, with a plot that recalls Henry James’s “international” stories. The Killing Bottle (1932) was another collection of stories. The Shrimp and the Anemone (1944), his first novel in 19 years, was the first part of a trilogy about a brother and sister, Eustace and Hilda. The first volume treats their childhood. The Sixth Heaven (1946) and Eustace and Hilda (1947) follow them in adulthood. Adept at depicting childhood, Hartley focusses the action of another of his novels, The Go-Between (1953; filmed 1971), on a 12-year-old boy who inadvertently causes a tragedy through his ignorance of the complexity of adult relations. Relations between brothers and sisters were further explored in My Sisters’ Keeper (1970). Hartley’s most complex and fully realized novel is The Boat (1949), in which he explores the struggles of a crowd-avoiding individual in England during World War II , when group effort and identification were the norm. A volume of essays, The Novelist’s Responsibility, appeared in 1967 and The Collected Stories of L.P. Hartley in 1968. Learn More in these related articles:


In which city is Hell Gate Bridge, said to have inspired Sydney Harbour Bridge?

History of Hell Gate Bridge in New York City Email a friend DOES this bridge look familiar? Nope, you’re not looking at the iconic Sydney Harbour Bridge. This is her sister, New York City’s Hell Gate Bridge, which crosses the East River and connects Wards Island to Astoria, Queens in Manhattan. But anyone thinking the architects behind the beautiful arch bridge, Gustav Lindenthal and Henry Hornbostel, must have taken a sneaky trip Down Under for inspiration, think again. The Hell Gate Bridge was actually completed in 1916, well before the Harbour Bridge in 1932. The striking similarities are no coincidence though. When Australian engineer J.J. C Bradfield and his team were looking at possible designs for a bridge across Sydney’s harbour, this 17,000 foot-long beauty stood out and eventually became the inspiration for one of our most well known and photographed landmarks. England also has their very own version, the Tyne Bridge in Newcastle, which was designed by Mott, Hay and Anderson, who based their model on both the Sydney and New York structures. Hell Gate Bridge, which connects Astoria, Queens, and Wards Island in Manhattan, NYC. Picture: istockSource:istock Sunrise over the Sydney Harbour Bridge.Source:News Corp Australia The iconic Tyne Bridge in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, 2015.Source:Supplied The Hell Gate Bridge, constructed using around 20,000 tonnes of metal, was the longest single-arch bridge span in the world when it opened and a civil engineering marvel in its own right. It was said to have been over-engineered so that sceptics believed it would actually stand. Because of this, Discover magazine famously declared a decade ago that the structure will be the last New York City bridge to fall after humans are gone from the earth, outliving every other span in the harbour by nearly a thousand years. For years the bridge created a vital connection between New York and New England for both freight and passenger traffic. So prominent was the four-track bridge that it became a target for Nazi demolition experts during World War II as part of Operation Pastorius, a failed German intelligence plan for sabotage. Film lovers might recognise it from 1973’s Serpico, where it provided the perfect imposing backdrop in a crucial scene in Sidney Lumet’s biopic starring a young Al Pacino. It also makes an appearance in 1991 film Queens Logic. Al Pacino in an iconic scene from Serpico, 1973.Source:Supplied The Hell Gate Bridge, pictured in the 1930s, is still considered to be one of the world's strongest bridges.Source:Supplied Originally painted Hell Gate Red and repainted in 1996, the bridge has faded over time and is now a discoloured patchwork of pink, beige and brown. With the popular tourist attraction turning 100 this year (in September), Queens officials are calling on national railroad service Amrak to give her the ultimate birthday present, a fresh coat. “Given the significance of this year in the history of the bridge, and Queens’s burgeoning identity as a premiere tourist destination, we believe that the time is right to turn Hell Gate into another jewel adorning New York City’s waterfront,” elected officials have argued as the centennial approaches. Bridge Climb Sydney1:29 Absorb a 360 degree panorama as you journey to the summit of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Video: Bridge Climb Sydney September 30th 2014


The Bessemer process was invented in 1856 for the production of what material?

Bessemer process | metallurgy | Britannica.com Bessemer process Sir Henry Bessemer Bessemer process, the first method discovered for mass-producing steel . Though named after Sir Henry Bessemer of England, the process evolved from the contributions of many investigators before it could be used on a broad commercial basis. It was apparently conceived independently and almost concurrently by Bessemer and by William Kelly of the United States . As early as 1847, Kelly, a businessman-scientist of Pittsburgh , Pa., began experiments aimed at developing a revolutionary means of removing impurities from pig iron by an air blast; Kelly theorized that not only would the air, injected into the molten iron , supply oxygen to react with the impurities, converting them into oxides separable as slag , but that the heat evolved in these reactions would increase the temperature of the mass, keeping it from solidifying during the operation. After several failures, he succeeded in proving his theory and rapidly producing steel ingots. Bessemer furnace, Kelham Island Museum, Sheffield, England. Wikityke In 1856 Bessemer, working independently in Sheffield , developed and patented the same process. Whereas Kelly had been unable to perfect the process owing to a lack of financial resources, Bessemer was able to develop it into a commercial success. Another Englishman, Robert Forester Mushet , found that adding an alloy of carbon , manganese , and iron after the air-blowing was complete restored the carbon content of the steel while neutralizing the effect of remaining impurities, notably sulfur. A Swedish ironmaster, Goran Goransson, redesigned the Bessemer furnace, or converter, making it reliable in performance. The end result was a means of mass-producing steel. The resultant volume of low-cost steel in Britain and the United States soon revolutionized building construction and provided steel to replace iron in railroad rails and many other uses. The Bessemer converter is a cylindrical steel pot approximately 6 m (20 feet) high, originally lined with a siliceous refractory . Air is blown in through openings (tuyeres) near the bottom, creating oxides of silicon and manganese, which become part of the slag, and of carbon, which are carried out in the stream of air. Within a few minutes an ingot of steel can be produced, ready for the forge or rolling mill. Similar Topics


Which US poet wrote the Star-Spangled Banner?

9 Things You May Not Know About “The Star-Spangled Banner” - History in the Headlines 9 Things You May Not Know About “The Star-Spangled Banner” September 12, 2014 By Christopher Klein Share Why does the American flag have 13 stripes? Get all the facts and figures on "Old Glory." Share this: 9 Things You May Not Know About “The Star-Spangled Banner” Author 9 Things You May Not Know About “The Star-Spangled Banner” URL Google By the dawn’s early light on September 14, 1814, Francis Scott Key peered through a spyglass and spotted an American flag still waving over Baltimore’s Fort McHenry after a fierce night of British bombardment. In a patriotic fervor, the man called “Frank” Key by family and friends penned the words to “The Star-Spangled Banner.” Two hundred years later, learn nine surprising facts about the national anthem of the United States and the man who wrote its lyrics. 1. Francis Scott Key intended his verses to be song lyrics, not poetry. “The Star Spangled-Banner” was not a poem set to a melody years later. Although Key was an amateur poet and not a songwriter, when he composed his verses, he intended them to accompany a popular song of the day. “We know he had the tune in mind because the rhyme and meter exactly fit it,” says Marc Leepson, author of the new Key biography “What So Proudly We Hailed.” The first broadside of the verses, printed just days after the battle, noted that the words should be sung to the melody of “To Anacreon in Heaven.” Key was quite familiar with the tune, having used it to accompany an 1805 poem, which included a reference to a “star-spangled flag,” he had written to honor Barbary War naval heroes Stephen Decatur and Charles Stewart. Although Key composed the patriotic lyrics amid a burst of anti-British euphoria, “To Anacreon in Heaven” was ironically an English song composed in 1775 that served as the theme song of the upper-crust Anacreontic Society of London and a popular pub staple. 2. Key was not imprisoned on a British warship when he penned his verses. In his capacity as a Washington, D.C., lawyer, Key had been dispatched by President James Madison on a mission to Baltimore to negotiate for the release of Dr. William Beanes, a prominent surgeon captured at the Battle of Bladensburg. Accompanied by John Stuart Skinner, a fellow lawyer working for the State Department, Key set sail on an American sloop in Baltimore Harbor, and on September 7 the pair boarded the British ship Tonnant, where they dined and secured the prisoner’s release under one condition—they could not go ashore until after the British attacked Baltimore. Accompanied by British guards on September 10, Key returned to the American sloop from which he witnessed the bombardment behind the 50-ship British fleet. The garrison flag that was raised over Fort McHenry, on display at the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History. 3. The flag Key “hailed at the twilight’s last gleaming” did not fly “through the perilous fight.” In addition to a thunderstorm of bombs, a torrent of rain fell on Fort McHenry throughout the night of the Battle of Baltimore. The fort’s 30-by-42-foot garrison flag was so massive that it required 11 men to hoist when dry, and if waterlogged the woolen banner could have weighed upwards of 500 pounds and snapped the flagpole. So as the rain poured down, a smaller storm flag that measured 17-by-25 feet flew in its place. “In the morning they most likely took down the rain-soaked storm flag and hoisted the bigger one,” Leepson says, “and that’s the flag Key saw in the morning.” 4. The song was not originally entitled “The Star-Spangled Banner.” When Key scrawled his lyrics on the back of a letter he pulled from his pocket on the morning of September 14, he did not give them any title. Within a week, Key’s verses were printed on broadsides and in Baltimore newspapers under the title “Defence of Fort M’Henry.” In November, a Baltimore music store printed the patriotic song with sheet music for the first time under the more lyrical title “The Star-Spangled Banner.” Key's handwritten draft 5


What is the basic monetary unit of Morocco?

Moroccan monetary unit - definition of Moroccan monetary unit by The Free Dictionary Moroccan monetary unit - definition of Moroccan monetary unit by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Moroccan+monetary+unit monetary unit - a unit of money Moroccan dirham , dirham - the basic unit of money in Morocco; equal to 100 centimes Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: Copyright © 2003-2017 Farlex, Inc Disclaimer All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.


Sentenced to death at the Nuremberg Trials, which former chief of the Luftwaffe took cyanide the night before his scheduled hanging?

Nuremberg Trials Blog Nuremberg Trials The Nuremberg Trials is the general name for two sets of trials of Nazis involved in crimes committed during the Holocaust of World War II . The first, and most famous, began on November 20, 1945. It was entitled the Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal, which tried the most important leaders of Nazi Germany. The second set of trials, for lesser war criminals, was conducted under Control Council Law No. 10, at the U.S. Nuremberg Military Tribunals. Several times during World War II, the Allies met to discuss the postwar treatment of Nazi leaders. Near the end of the war, President Franklin D. Roosevelt asked the War Department to devise a plan for bringing war criminals to justice. Treasury Secretary Henry Morgenthau suggested an "eye for an eye" approach: to shoot prominent Nazi leaders and banish others to far corners of the world. Secretary of War Henry Stimson endorsed a plan to try responsible Nazi leaders in court. The War Department plan labeled as war crimes the atrocities committed by Nazis, as well as waging a war of aggression. In April 1945, just two weeks after Roosevelt's sudden death, Supreme Court Justice Robert Jackson was chosen to be the chief prosecutor for the United States at a war-crimes trial to be held in Europe soon after the war ended. The International Military Tribunal was set up by the four principal Allied countries: the United States, Great Britain, France, and Russia. It was decided that judge and one alternate judge would be appointed from each prosecuting country. The Allied countries wanted the war crimes trial to be held in Germany, but in 1945, few German cities had standing courthouses in which a major trial could take place. One of the few cities that did was Nuremberg ï¿½ ironically, the site of some of Adolf Hitler ï¿½s most sensational rallies. It was also at Nuremberg that the Nazi leaders had proclaimed the Nuremberg Laws, which stripped Jews of their property and basic rights. The city was 91 percent destroyed, but the ï¿½Palace of Justice" was miraculously spared. Twelve trials, involving more than a hundred defendants and several different courts, took place in Nuremberg. By far the most attention has focused on the first Nuremberg trial of 21 major war criminals. Although many infamous Nazi leaders were brought to justice because of the Nuremberg Trials, several others escaped trial and punishment by taking their own lives. On April 30, 1945, with Soviet Troops just 300 yards away and advancing, Hitler shot himself in his underground bunker. Soon thereafter, Heinrich Himmler, one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany and commander of the SS, took a cyanide crystal while being examined by a British doctor and died within minutes. Hermann Goering, head of the Luftwaffe, committed suicide with a poison capsule on the day he was to be hanged. Labor leader, Robert Ley, hanged himself before the trial began. Martin Bormann, Adolf Hitlerï¿½s private secretary, had disappeared. He was tried in absentia and sentenced to death. There are many differing accounts of Bormann's death. Some say he died while trying to cross Russian lines, while others claim he committed suicide. He was declared dead by a German court in 1973. Many other important Axis leaders had fallen into Allied hands by surrender or capture. Brought to justice On the opening day of the main trial, the 21 indicted war defendants took their seats. The trial began with the reading of indictments, which involved four counts: Count One, ï¿½conspiracy to wage aggressive war," addressed crimes committed before the war officially began. Count Two, ï¿½waging an aggressive war," addressed the undertaking of war in violation of international treaties. Count Three, ï¿½war crimes," addressed more traditional violations of the laws of war, including the killing or mistreatment of prisoners of war and the use of outlawed weapons. Count Four, ï¿½crimes against humanity," addressed the crimes committed against Jews, ethnic minorities,


What are the names of the mother and father dogs in the film 101 Dalmations?

101 Dalmatians (1996) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error A woman kidnaps puppies to kill them for their fur, but various animals then gang up against her and get their revenge in slapstick fashion. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 30 titles created 20 Mar 2011 a list of 42 titles created 24 May 2012 a list of 42 titles created 30 Apr 2013 a list of 44 titles created 15 May 2013 a list of 26 titles created 03 Nov 2013 Search for " 101 Dalmatians " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for     1     Golden Globe. Another    3 wins & 9 nominations. See more awards  » Photos The Little family adopt a charming young mouse named Stuart, but the family cat wants rid of him. Director: Rob Minkoff Cruella DeVil gets out of prison and goes after them darned puppies once more. Director: Kevin Lima A doctor discovers that he can communicate with animals. Director: Betty Thomas A slobbering St. Bernard becomes the center of attention for a loving family, but must contend with a dog-napping veterinarian and his henchmen. Director: Brian Levant A paranormal expert and his daughter bunk in an abandoned house populated by three mischievous ghosts and one friendly one. Director: Brad Silberling Directors: Clyde Geronimi, Hamilton Luske, and 1 more credit  » Stars: Rod Taylor, Betty Lou Gerson, J. Pat O'Malley An absent-minded professor discovers "flubber," a rubber-like super-bouncy substance. Director: Les Mayfield When a boy learns that a beloved killer whale is to be killed by the aquarium owners, the boy risks everything to free the whale. Director: Simon Wincer Stuart and Snowbell set out across town to rescue a friend. Director: Rob Minkoff Story of a wonderful little girl, who happens to be a genius, and her wonderful teacher vs. the worst parents ever and the worst school principal imaginable. Director: Danny DeVito Babe, a pig raised by sheepdogs, learns to herd sheep with a little help from Farmer Hoggett. Director: Chris Noonan Jon Arbuckle buys a second pet, a dog named Odie. However, Odie is then abducted and it is up to Jon's cat, Garfield, to find and rescue the canine. Director: Peter Hewitt Edit Storyline Fashion designer Anita and computer-game writer Roger meet, fall in love and marry along with their dalmatians Perdita and Pongo. But the proud dogs' puppies are kidnapped by Anita's boss Cruella De Vil, who is stealing young dalmatians to make the coat she has set her heart on. Enlisting the help of the British animal kingdom, Pongo and Perdita set out to find and rescue all ninety-nine pups from their fearsome captors, Jasper and Horace. Written by Jeremy Perkins {J-26} This Thanksgiving, the world is going to the dogs. See more  » Genres: 27 November 1996 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: $45,073,479        (USA) (29 November 1996) Gross: Approximately 17,000 items of merchandising were produced in support of the film. See more » Goofs The amount of ash that Cruella drops off her cigarette. See more » Quotes Anita : [after believing Roger is taking Perdy, holding up her purse] Now, release my dog, or I'll hit you again! [lifts Perdy's leg as Pongo hides his head, turns back to Anita] Roger : He's a she. Roger : [Pongo appears from behind Anita; miserably] Hello, Pongo. [Pongo whines] Crazy Credits After the end credits, Cruella's laugh can be heard as the Walt Disney logo appears. See more » Connections Fine, fine film. As good as the animated version, but different! 1 September 1999 | by mallard-6 (Seattle, WA) – See all my reviews Incredible as it may seem, this film is every bit the equal of the Disney animated version of the same title. And it is DIFFERENT from the Disney version. This is a rare accomplishment, in a medium where remakes and seq


The grandfather of which English actress was leader of the Labour Party 1931-35?

George Lansbury (1859 - 1940) - Find A Grave Memorial Highgate, England Christian pacifist and leader of the British Labour Party. George Lansbury, grandfather of actress Angela Lansbury, was the leader of the British Labour Party from 1932 to 1935. The esteemed historian, A. J. P. Taylor , regards Lansbury as "The most lovable figure in modern politics" due to his integrity at great personal cost and and unwavering, tireless work for peace. Born in Suffolk, he was influenced by a Government advertising campaing to move to Australia at a young age with his wife, seeking to escape the destitution in late Victorian England. Finding conditions in Queensland to be just as harsh as at home, he returned to England, determined to expose the false advertising in the Government campaign and thereby joined the [Gladstonian] Liberal Party. Here he also became increasingly determined to improve conditions for the working poor in the slums around the major cities. He ran as a councillor in 1889 in order to campaign for legal enshrinement of the Eight Hour Day. After failing to gain support for these industrial relations reforms from the party, he switched allegiance joined the Social Democratic Foundation in 1892. Lansbury found his relationship with H.M. Hyndman, leader of the SDF, increasingly difficult. Lansbury disliked Hyndman's dictatorial method of running the party, he also disagreed with his Marxist views. Lansbury's socialism had been inspired by the teachings of Jesus Christ, whereas Hyndman was a devout follower of Karl Marx, an atheist. In 1903 Lansbury left the Social Democratic Federation and joined the Independent Labour Party, an organisation that contained a large number of Christian Socialists. Here he was elected to the House of Commons. In 1912 he resigned his seat on principle in order to campaign for women's suffrage, a rare cause for a man of that era to become involved in. Losing a by-election on this issue, he did not return to parliament for ten years. In 1913, charged with sedition for his support of the suffragettes, Lansbury was imprisoned in Pentonville. Peace, however, was his earliest love, and at the age of 11 he silenced his elders with concern over the Franco-Prussian War. In 1900 he braved the jingoist patriotism of the Boer War to stand in the 'khaki' election as a socialist, denouncing the war as wicked. These statements put Lansbury at the very forefront of the modern pacifist movement, which had not moved beyond the narrow confines of Quakerism and other smaller religious sects into the wider public consciousness until after the First World War. Indeed, it was Lansbury who helped pave the way for the birth of modern pacifism due to his unshakeable conviction in its truth at a time when society still accepted warfare and nationalism as something "glorious". Few other secular voices apart from Emily Hobhouse and a few suffragettes were actively denouncing the Boer War. In 1912, Lansbury founded the newspaper, Daily Herald, which became one of the most active voices in providing opposition to the First World War, publishing a headline "War Is Hell" upon outbreak of fighting. As Labour Mayor of Poplar, one of London's poorest boroughs, Lansbury was instrumental in opening the first training school for destitute Poplar children in 1905 called Hutton Poplars situated near Hutton in the Essex countryside, the model for subsequent children's homes. Lansbury then led the Poplar Rates Rebellion in 1921, opposing not only the Government and the London County Council, but leaders of his own party. The borough council, instead of forwarding the precept of collected tax monies to LCC, dispersed the money as aid to the needy. Thirty councillors, including six women, were jailed by the High Court for six weeks. Council meetings during this time were held in Brixton Prison, until the government grew uneasy about the imprisonment and LCC asked the High Court to release the prisoners. A rates revision was achieved and Lansbury returned to Parliament at the 1922 general election, this time standing for the


A human-being has how many pairs of chromosomes?

How many chromosomes do people have? - Genetics Home Reference How many chromosomes do people have? How many chromosomes do people have? In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46. Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females. The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males and females. Females have two copies of the X chromosome, while males have one X and one Y chromosome. The 22 autosomes are numbered by size. The other two chromosomes, X and Y, are the sex chromosomes. This picture of the human chromosomes lined up in pairs is called a karyotype. Credit: U.S. National Library of Medicine For more information about the 23 pairs of human chromosomes:


Which American writer won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954?

Nobelprize.org Award Ceremony Speech Presentation Speech by Anders Österling, Permanent Secretary of  the Swedish Academy In our modern age, American authors have  set their stamp more and more strongly on the general physiognomy  of literature. Our generation in particular has, during the last  few decades, seen a reorientation of literary interest which  implies not only a temporary change in the market but, indeed, a  shifting of the mental horizon, with far-reaching consequences.  All these swiftly rising new authors from the United States,  whose names we now recognize as stimulating signals, had one  thing in common: they took full advantage of the Americanism to  which they were born. And the European public greeted them with  enthusiasm; it was the general wish that Americans should write  as Americans, thereby making their own contribution to the  contest in the international arena. One of these pioneers is the author who is now the focus of  attention. It is hardly an exaggeration to say that Ernest  Hemingway, more than any of his American colleagues, makes us  feel we are confronted by a still young nation which seeks and  finds its exact form of expression. A dramatic tempo and sharp  curves have also characterized Hemingway's own existence, in many  ways so unlike that of the average literary man. With him, this  vital energy goes its own way, independent of the pessimism and  the disillusionment so typical of the age. Hemingway evolved his  style in the herd school of journalistic reporting. In the  editorial office of the Kansas City newspaper where he served his  apprenticeship, there was a kind of pressman's catechism, the  first dictum of which was: «Use short sentences. Use short  paragraphs.» Hemingway's purely technical training clearly  led to an artistic self-discipline of uncommon strength.  Rhetoric, he has said, is merely the blue sparks from the dynamo.  His master in older American literature was Mark Twain in Huckleberry Finn, with its rhythmical stream of direct and  unconventional narrative prose. The young journalist from Illinois was flung headlong into the  First World War when he volunteered to serve as an ambulance  driver in Italy, where he received his baptism of fire at the  Piave front and was severely wounded by shell splinters. The  nineteen-year-old's first violent experience of war is an  essential factor in Hemingway's biography. Not that he was  daunted by it; on the contrary, he found that it was a priceless  asset for a writer to see war at first hand - like Tolstoy at  Sevastopol - and to be able to depict it truthfully. Several  years were to elapse, however, before he could bring himself to  give an artistically complete account of his painfully confused  impressions from the Piave front in 1918: the result was the  novel A Farewell to Arms in 1929, with which he really  made his name, even if two very talented books with a European  post-war setting, In Our Time (1942) and The Sun Also  Rises (1926), had already given proof of his individuality as  a storyteller. In the following years, his instinctive  predilection for harrowing scenes of action and grim spectacle  drew him to Africa with its big-game hunting and to Spain with  its bullfighting. When the latter country was transformed into a  theatre of war, he found inspiration there for his second  significant novel, For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940), in  which an American champion of liberty fights for «man's  dignity» - a book in which the writer's personal feelings  seem more deeply involved than anywhere else. When mentioning these principal elements in his production, one  should not forget that his narrative skill often attains its  highest point when cast in a smaller mould, in the laconic,  drastically pruned short story, which, with a unique combination  of simplicity and precision, nails its theme into our  consciousness so that every blow tells. Such a masterpiece, more  than any other, is The Old Man and the Sea (1952), the  unforgettable story of


Who played the title role in the 1992 film My Cousin Vinnie?

My Cousin Vinny Movie Review & Film Summary (1992) | Roger Ebert Tweet “My Cousin Vinny” is a movie that meanders along going nowhere in particular, and then lightning strikes. I didn't get much involved in it, and yet individual moments and some of the performances were very funny. It's the kind of movie home video was invented for: Not worth the trip to the theater, but slam it into the VCR and you get your rental's worth. Advertisement The film stars Joe Pesci as a New Yorker who thinks a black knit shirt under a black leather jacket, if set off by a gold chain around the neck, is elegant courtroom attire. He might be right if he were a defendant in the Bronx, but the movie takes place in Alabama, and he's the defense attorney. His cousin ( Ralph Macchio ) and a friend ( Mitchell Whitfield ), two innocent college students on their way to school, have been charged with the murder of a convenience store owner. The circumstantial evidence looks damning, but the worst thing they have going against them is Pesci's sweeping lack of legal experience. Although the film is set in the South and has an early shot of a sign that says “Free Horse Manure,” this is not another one of your Dixie-bashing movies. The judge ( Fred Gwynne , his face longer than ever) and prosecutor ( Lane Smith ) are civilized men who aren't trying to railroad anybody. It's just that after gunshots were heard, three different witnesses made a positive identification on the two suspects, fleeing the store in a distinctive late-1960s Buick convertible. Pesci, who is the Macchio character's cousin Vinny, has finally passed the bar on his sixth attempt. He has no courtroom experience, and indeed no experience at all except with a few personal injury cases. He arrives in town with his girlfriend, named Mona Lisa Vito and played by Marisa Tomei as a woman who has a certain legal potential trapped inside a street-smart personality. Advertisement Pesci is so inexperienced he doesn't even know enough to stand when the judge enters the courtroom, and Whitfield, in desperation, hires another lawyer ( Austin Pendleton ) who thinks it a triumph if he can successfully complete a sentence. The movie saves most of its best laughs for the long concluding courtroom sequence, in which one witness after another hammers together the prosecution case, and the innocent youths clearly seem headed for the electric chair. Gwynne's dour work in the courtroom scenes is especially good; in the annals of Judge Reaction Shots, which are a performance genre all their own, his work ranks high. But we never feel much for, or about, the two accused prisoners. Macchio, who has been effective in “ The Karate Kid ” (1984) and “ Crossroads ,” is used here essentially as a foil. He and Whitfield sit at the defense table and look worried, and that's about that. Advertisement Pesci and Tomei, on the other hand, create a quirky relationship that I liked. Neither one is played as a dummy. They're smart, in their own ways, but involved in a legal enterprise they are completely unprepared for. Tomei's surprise appearance as an expert witness is a high point, and left me feeling I would like to see this couple again. Maybe in a screenplay that was more focused. Popular Blog Posts


The Tamil Tigers are a rebel force in which country?

Tamil Tigers - Canada - CBC News Tamil Tigers CBC News Posted: Apr 20, 2009 7:27 PM ET Last Updated: May 19, 2009 12:42 PM ET More than 1,000 people rally near United Nations headquarters to protest in New York on April 17, 2009, against Sri Lanka's military offensive against the Tamil Tigers and the civilian casualties in a safe zone. (Seth Wenig/Associated Press) Related Stories Sri Lankan protesters form human chain at Toronto's Union Station The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), more commonly known as the Tamil Tigers, was a political and military group that had been trying to fight for an independent homeland in Sri Lanka since the 1970s. It emerged in response to tensions between the majority Sinhalese and minority Tamils in the island nation south of India.  Tamil Tigers are also known as: Eellalan or Ellalan Force. Tiger Organization Security Intelligence Service (TOSIS). Women's Combat Force of Liberation Tigers (WCFLT). (Source: Public Safety Canada) The rebel group's roots can be traced back to 1974, when several Tamil militants created the Tamil New Tigers (TNT). LTTE was officially founded two years later, in May 1976, by Velupillai Prabhakaran and members of the TNT. LTTE, considered a terrorist organization by Canada, was known for its suicide attacks and was said to have pioneered the use of suicide vests. The Tigers were fighting for an independent state in the north and eastern parts of Sri Lanka, an area they refer to as Tamil Eelam, until the government declared victory over them in May 2009. First Eelam war In 1983, 13 Sinhalese soldiers in northern Jaffna were killed in an ambush by Tigers, sparking anti-Tamil riots that led to the deaths of an estimated several hundred Tamils. It also forced thousands of Tamils to flee the country. That marked the beginning of what the Tigers call the First Eelam War between the Tamil separatists and Sinhalese-dominated government. It was a civil war that would claim more than 70,000 lives over 26 years. In the 1980s, the Indian military service became involved in the conflict by helping train and arm the Tigers. The Tamil Tigers wanted an independent state in north and eastern parts of Sri Lanka. ((CBC)) In 1987, India and Sri Lanka signed an accord in which Colombo agreed to create new councils for Tamil areas in the north and east. It also reached an agreement with India to deploy an Indian peacekeeping force to curb the violence in northern Sri Lanka. But the peacekeeping force soon found itself embroiled in the bloody conflict and eventually withdrew. On May 21, 1991, a suspected female member of the LTTE assassinated Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu in an apparent act of revenge against India for sending a peacekeeping force who ended up fighting the rebels. The Tigers have been known to use women and children in their suicide attacks. UNICEF, the United Nations Children's Fund, said they recorded more than 6,000 cases of children recruited by the LTTE between 2003 and 2008. The Tigers and the Sri Lankan government agreed to a Norwegian-brokered ceasefire in 2002 that a war-weary public hoped would bring lasting peace. But talks broke off in 2003 and violence flared up yet again.  When the Boxing Day tsunami hit Sri Lanka in 2004, the civil strife was set aside as the country struggled to deal with the worst disaster in its history.  About two-thirds of the damage was in the northeastern areas of the island, parts of which were then Tiger territory. However, in the aftermath the Tamil Tigers were reportedly preying on tsunami orphans to use as child soldiers, according to UNICEF. When billions of dollars in foreign aid flowed into the country for tsunami relief, the Sri Lankan Monitoring Mission brokered a deal between the Tamil Tigers and the government. The controversial agreement had the groups share responsibility for the money allocated for the disaster's survivors. But the Sri Lankan Supreme Court struck it down. Fundraising abroad In February 2006, the Tamil Tigers and the Sri Lankan government met for the fir


In Greek Mythology which King was condemned to stand near fruit and water which moved away when he reached for them?

Keep Your Eyes on God | church of Christ | Sermon Keep Your Eyes On God Keep Your Eyes on God Introduction: King David put descendants of Levi in change of the musical worship  before the ark in Jerusalem and the tabernacle in Gibeon.  Later on it  would also be in the temple.  (I Chronicles 6:16, 31-33a, 25:1, 7-8) The  psalm we will focus on (Psalm 73) is one of David�s.  Note from I  Chronicles 25:1 that he prophesied through the songs.  He was guided by  the Spirit of God.  He was God�s spokesman.  (I Chronicles 25:3b) Text:  Psalm 73 Body:  I. My Eyes Turned Away from God  (Verses 1-15) � Verses 1-2 His eyes were starting to stray from God.  This lack of focus was  hurting his walk with God.  He was stumbling and slipping. � Verse 3 �When I saw� � He was enticed by what his neighbor had. Tantalus, in  Greek mythology, [king of Lydia and son of Zeus] Tantalus was a favorite  mortal of the gods until he was caught trying to deceive them.  The gods  then condemned him to hang forever from a tree in Tartarus, the lowest  region of the underworld.  Under the tree was a pool of water, but when  Tantalus stooped to drink, the pool would dry.  The branches above him  were laden with fruit, but when he reached up, the wind blew the  branches away.  He became the symbol of utter frustration.  Today his  name is remembered in the word �tantalize.� Where you stand, determines  what you see.  See Psalm 37:1,7, Jeremiah 12:1) � Verses 4-5  The psalmist describes his temptation to be envious of those with many  earthly possessions because of how much easier their life seemed to be.  They had everything and lacked for nothing.  Note his eyes were not in  focus.  Many wicked people through time experienced terrible deaths �  Jezebel, Absalom, Herod, Judas. . . � Verses 6-9  They are proud, arrogant, and boastful.  They act like they own the  world.  See Psalm 109:18-19.  They didn�t care what they said or did  because they did not fear or respect God.  They mocked God. (Jude :16) � Verses 10-12  The wicked don�t believe in God or at least His power. (Job 22:12-14) � Verses 13-15 Asaph�s vision was still out of focus because he doubted being good was  worth it.  Note Elihu�s words in Job 34:9.  II. My Eyes Turned to God  (Verses 16-20) � Verses 16-17 Enlightenment came in the house of God.  Worship puts God at the center  of our vision.  It�s only when God is at the center of our focus that we  see things as they really are.  Life is about perspective; it is keeping  a clear focus with our eyes turned to God. � Verses 18-20 A clear focus helps us see the real future of the wicked. (Psalm 35:5-6,  37:38)  Their future is filled with terrors.  III. My Eyes Remain on God  (Verses 21-28) � Verses 21-22 The answer to life�s injustices is not to be expected in this life.  The  ignorant couldn�t see clearly. � Verses 23-24  God is always with us if we just open our eyes.  (Psalm 139:7-10)  We  need to cling to Him.  (Psalm 63:8)  Follow His counsel.  � Verse 25  Having God, one needs nothing else.  (Psalm 16:2) � Verse 26  Regardless of what happens, if I remain close to God, He will be my  rock.  (Psalm 18:1-2) � Verse 27 The wicked are far from God.  (Psalm 119:155)  When the last breath of  life leaves the wicked, their dream existence will come to an end.  (II  Thessalonians 1:8-9)  This life is the only heaven they will ever know. � Verse 28  Being near to God is always the best!  (James 4:7-8, Hebrews 10:22)  Conclusion: It�s so easy for us to turn away our eyes from God.  It takes effort to  remain focused on Him and His Word.  Bobby Stafford


In 2005 Yulia Tymoshenko became the first female Prime Minister of which country?

Yulia Tymoshenko - Women's Political Communication Archives Yulia Tymoshenko Yulia Tymoshenko Yulia Volodymyrivna Tymoshenko served as the prime minister of Ukraine twice: January to September 2005 and again from December 2007 until March 2010. Tymoshenko was Ukraine’s first female prime minister.   Tymoshenko was born on November 27, 1960, in Dnipropetrovsk, Ukrainian SSR (now Ukraine). Upon graduating from high school in 1979, she continued her education at Dnipropetrovsk State University. Her major was economics-cybernetics in the Department of Economics. In 1984, Tymoshenko graduated with distinction. She started to work as an engineer-economist at the Dnipropetrovsk machine-building plant, named after Lenin.   From 1989 to 1991, Tymoshenko was a commercial director of the Dnipropetrovsk Youth Center "Terminal." From 1991, she was a CEO of the corporation "Ukrainskiy Benzin” (Ukrainian Gasoline). In 1995, Tymoshenko became the president of United Energy Systems of Ukraine (UESU). At the end of 1996, she became a candidate to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (Supreme Rada of Ukraine). She received a majority of votes (92.3%) in her Bobrinsky Congressional District # 229, which is located in Kirovograd Region.   In 1998, she served as the head of the Budget Strategic Committee of the Verkhovna Rada. During her work in this position, Tymoshenko developed projects regarding budget and taxation codes, a new system of pension and medical security, and a mechanism for paying off pension and salary debts. Tymoshenko, for the second time, became a representative of Verkhovna Rada, and, again, led the Budget Committee in the parliament. Under her leadership, legislation on taxation, social codes and pension reformations was developed.   In 1999, Tymoshenko became the leader of All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland". Also in 1999, she defended her thesis titled "National Regulations of the Taxation System" and became a candidate (equivalent to Ph.D.) of economic studies. Her scientific activity did not end there. Since, Tymoshenko has written more than 50 scientific papers. On December 30, 1999, Tymoshenko took the post of Vice Prime Minister on the issues of fuel and energy complex. During this period, Tymoshenko developed the "Energy Concept of Ukraine" and the anti-corruption program "Clean Energy."   In January of 2001, Tymoshenko was dispatched from the position of Vice Prime Minister. On February 13, 2001 she was arrested and charged by the district attorney, which the public interpreted as a punishment for her democratic movement. In March, however, the Kiev City Pechersk Court found that the accusations were baseless and annulled the sanctions for the arrest. On February 9, 2001, Tymoshenko became an initiator of the Forum of National Salvation (FNS). This public union’s main objective was to get rid of Kuchma's (Communist Party) criminal regime. In November of 2001, the participants of the union decide to rename the FNS into the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc. As the head of this party, Tymoshenko participated in the parliamentary elections. As the result of the elections, the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc received more than 20 seats in the Verkhovna Rada.   In September of 2002, Tymoshenko, as one of the parliamentary opposition leaders, headed the All-Ukrainian movement "Rebell, Ukraine!" This became the first serious strike of Ukrainian opposition and first action of public strike, during which there were a lot of street protests. In 2004, the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc and the Viktor Yushchenko Bloc announced the creation of the coalition "People's Power" in order to support Victor Yushenko's presidential candidacy during the October 2004 election. In November, Tymoshenko became one of the leaders of the Orange Revolution, which secured Yushenko’s win in the presidential elections. On February 4th, 2005, the Verkhovna Rada declared Tymoshenko as the prime minister (head of government) with 373 votes. In September 2005, Tymoshenko left the position, as the result of an artificial political crisis, and Yuriy Yekhanurov was appointed acting prime


Palermo, the capital of the island - Scent of Sicily Search Palermo, the capital of the island The city of Palermo is an outstanding evidence of the multi-cultural soul of Sicily: its monuments, ancient buildings, historical neighborhoods and traditions tell the long and fascinating story of the whole island, from the Prehistory to the glamorous “Liberty” era at the end of the Nineteenth century. Elegant villas and gardens, colorful markets displaying the freshest fruits and vegetables or fish, amazing Norman and Arabic architecture and mosaics, typical narrow streets in the city center and their atmosphere under the amber lights of the evening, delicious local food… A thrilling experience indeed. The most interesting monuments and sights are located in the historical center. Palermo is rich in beautiful Baroque churches, often hidden within the labyrinth of streets adjacent to via Maqueda, via Roma and via Vittorio Emanuele. The Cathedral is a marvelous mix of different architectural styles – Norman, Arab, Romanesque, Byzantine; inside, the ancient tombs of some of the most important sovereigns of the city (such as Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor) can be observed. Next to the Cathedral, the Palazzo dei Normanni houses the jaw-dropping Palatine Chapel, with its shiny Byzantine mosaics. Via Vittorio Emanuele, the most ancient street in Palermo, connects the Norman Palace with Porta Felice, an old monumental gate built to welcome visitors coming from the sea; the street crosses via Maqueda in “Piazza Vigliena”, where the beautiful “Quattro Canti” (Four corners) are located – four prospects rich in statues and baroque decors, built in the Seventeenth Century. Next to Piazza Vigliena lies another very famous square, “Piazza Pretoria”, where a monumental fountain from the Sixteenth Century is set; the colourful byzantine mosaics of the Church of Santa Maria Dell’Ammiraglio, definitely worth a visit, are just a few steps from this marvelous square. The city was the hometown of a great Liberty (Art Nouveau) architect, Ernesto Basile: plenty of refined buildings of Palermo have been designed by this great artist or inspired by his works of art, from the Teatro Massimo (the biggest lyric theater in Italy and one of the biggest in Europe) to the beautiful Villino Florio. Via Libertà, the most glamorous street of the city, is cluttered with fascinating Liberty villas, just like the seaside resort of Mondello, about 20 minutes from the city center, once the most renowned summer retreat for the local aristocracy. The best way to experience the unique atmosphere of Palermo is to wander through its historical districts. Local markets such as Capo, Ballarò and Vucciria are a melting pot of different cultures and popular traditions, as well as the best places to taste local street food, recently recognized as one of the best in the world: bread with “panelle” (fried squares of chickpeas flour), “sfincione” (typical Palermitan pizza) and “arancine” (rice balls with meat or butter) are just the most famous from a long list of traditional (and often a little whimsical) on-the-go delicacies. The district of “Kalsa”, the most ancient neighborhood of the city, is particularly picturesque and evocative: narrow alleys sided by low houses or ancient tiny churches (like the Magione church, a beautiful Medieval church close to Via Roma and the railway station) and palaces, little squares with centuries-old statues or lovely bars and cafés. The atmosphere is filled with the scent of flowers and markets, as well as with the flavors coming from kitchens, bakeries and “friggitorie”, but the area is also rich in high-level fine restaurants, wineries and pubs. The must-see suburbs include Monreale, on top of a hill overlooking the whole “Conca d’oro” (Golden valley) where the city was built by the Phoenicians: this tiny village houses an impressive Duomo with fascinating mosaics, and the panorama is really breath-taking; the above-mentioned Mondello seaside resort is perfect for a day at the white-sandy beach or for a taste of local fresh fish (don’t mi


Fucus (pronounced 'fewcus') is a type of what?

What does fucus mean? definition and meaning (Free English Language Dictionary) Hypernyms ("fucus" is a kind of...): rockweed (coarse brown seaweed growing on rocks exposed at low tide) Holonyms ("fucus" is a member of...): genus Fucus (type genus of the family Fucaceae: cartilaginous brown algae)  Learn English with... Proverbs of the week  "When the going gets tough, the tough get going." (English proverb) "In age, talk; in childhood, tears." (Native American proverb, Hopi) "While the word is yet unspoken, you are master of it; when once it is spoken, it is master of you." (Arabic proverb) "Words have no bones, but can break bones." (Corsican proverb)  Related FAQs:


The Irish city of Limerick is on which river?

River Shannon | river, Ireland | Britannica.com River Shannon Killaloe River Shannon, the longest river in Ireland , rising in northwestern County Cavan and flowing for about 161 miles (259 km) in a southerly direction to enter the Atlantic Ocean via a 70-mile (113-kilometre) estuary below Limerick city. It drains an area of 6,060 square miles (15,695 square km). As the main river draining the central lowland of Ireland, it is surrounded by marshes and bogs for much of its course and widens at various points into lakes, many with islands. The River Shannon at Limerick, County Limerick, Munster, Ireland. Tourism Ireland The source of the Shannon is generally considered to be the pools at the foot of Tiltinbane Mountain. After a few miles it enters Lough Allen and then flows south through a wide belt of marshes and water meadows. It is crossed by a bridge at Leitrim and at Carrick-on-Shannon, above which it is joined by the Boyle from the west. From north of Carrick south to Roosky, it flows through a landscape dominated by hills of glacial drift (drumlins) interspersed with bogs and marshes. Near Termonbarry, at Richmond Harbour, the river is joined by the Royal Canal; and at Lanesborough it enters Lough Ree . The bridge at Athlone is 15 mi from the next at Shannonbridge, where the Suck, the largest tributary, joins the main river. At Shannon Harbour the river is joined by the Grand Canal . About 15 mi south it reaches Lough Derg at Portumna, and its waters feed the Ardnacrusha hydroelectric power station, using the fall of 109 ft (33 m) from lake to sea level. A fish ladder at the outlet of Lough Derg allows salmon to pass upriver to spawn. From Limerick the river enters its long estuary, in which shipping has dwindled since the 19th century and in which some of the large reclaimed areas have been used for Shannon International Airport, located near the estuary of the River Fergus in County Clare . Similar Topics River Shannon - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up) The longest river in Ireland is the River Shannon. It flows in a generally southerly direction for about 161 miles (259 kilometers) through the center of the country before joining the Atlantic Ocean. It is neither a fast-flowing nor a deep river. It drains an area of 6,060 square miles (15,695 square kilometers). As the main river draining the central lowland of Ireland, the Shannon is surrounded by marshes and bogs for much of its course. The river widens at various points into lakes, many with islands. During periods of heavy rain, the river is likely to flood; severe flooding occurred in 2009. Article History


What car maker announced in early 2009 plans to reintroduce the iconic DS marque?

Map of Citroën - The Full Wiki The Full Wiki Map showing all locations mentioned on Wikipedia article: Citroën ( ) is a French automobile manufacturer . Founded in 1919 by André Citroën , it was the world's first mass-production car company outside of the USA. Since 1976 it has been part of PSA Peugeot Citroën , and its headquarters is on rue Fructidor, Paris . The brand celebrated its 90th Anniversary in 2009. Originally a mass-market car maker with relatively straightforward designs, Citroën shocked the world in 1934 with the innovative Traction Avant , the world's first mass-production front wheel drive car (1934–56). Other significant models include the H Van (1947–81), the 2CV (1948–90), the DS (1955–1975) and the CX (1974–91). History 1923 "Type C" 5CV Early years André Citroën built armaments for France during World War I and after the war he had a factory and no product. In 1919, the business started to produce automobiles , beginning with the conventional type A . The Type A was designed by Jules Salomon , Chief Design Officer from Le Zèbre . Citroën was a keen marketer—he used the Eiffel Tower as the world's largest advertising sign, as recorded in the Guinness Book of Records . He also sponsored expeditions in Asia (Croisière Jaune) and Africa (Croisière Noire), intended to demonstrate the potential for motor vehicles equipped with the Kégresse track system to cross inhospitable regions. The expeditions conveyed scientists and journalists . In 1924, Citroën began a business relationship with American engineer Edward G. Budd . From 1899, Budd had worked to develop stainless steel bodies for railroad cars, for the Pullman in particular. Budd went on to manufacture steel bodies for many automakers, Dodge being his first big auto client. In 1928, Citroën introduced the first all-steel body in Europe. The cars were initially successful in the marketplace, but soon competitors (who were still using a wooden structure for their bodies), introduced new body designs. Citroën did not redesign the bodies of his cars. Citroëns still sold in large quantities in spite of not changing the body design, but the car's low price was the main selling point and Citroën experienced heavy losses. In an attempt to remedy the situation, Citroën developed the Traction Avant . The Traction Avant had three revolutionary features: a unitary body with no separate frame , front wheel independent suspension , and front wheel drive . Citroën commissioned Budd to create a prototype, which evolved into the 7 horsepower ( CV ), Traction Avant of 1934. In 1933, Citroën also introduced the Rosalie, a passenger car with the world’s first commercially available diesel engine , developed with Harry Ricardo . The Michelin era Achieving quick development of the Traction Avant and its production facilities at the same time was too costly and overly ambitious, causing the financial ruin of the company. In 1934, debt forced the company into foreclosure and it was then taken over by its biggest creditor, the tire company Michelin . Fortunately for Michelin, the Traction Avant met with market acceptance and the basic philosophy that had led to this design continued. Citroën has always been undercapitalized, so its vehicles have a tradition of being underdeveloped at launch, with limited distribution and service networks. For both the important DS and CX models, development of the original engine around which the design was planned proved too expensive for the finances available, and the actual engine used in both cases was a modest and outdated four-cylinder design. During the German occupation of France in World War II , Citroën researchers continued their work in secret and developed the concepts that were later brought to market in the 2CV and DS. These were widely regarded by contemporary journalists as avant garde , even radical, solutions to automotive design. This began a period of unusual brand loyalty , normally seen in the automobile industry only in niche brands, like Porsche and Ferrari . The cult -like appeal of the cars to Citroënistes took al


Lychee Morton, J. 1987. Lychee. p. 249259. In: Fruits of warm climates. Julia F. Morton, Miami, FL. Lychee Other Uses The lychee is the most renowned of a group of edible fruits of the soapberry family, Sapindaceae. It is botanically designated Litchi chinensis Sonn. (Nephelium litchi Cambess) and widely known as litchi and regionally as lichi, lichee, laichi, leechee or lychee. Professor G. Weidman Groff, an influential authority of the recent past, urged the adoption of the latter as approximating the pronunciation of the local name in Canton, China, the leading center of lychee production. I am giving it preference here because the spelling best indicates the desired pronunciation and helps to standardize English usage. Spanish and Portuguese-speaking people call the fruit lechia; the French, litchi, or, in French-speaking Haiti, quenepe chinois, distinguishing it from the quenepe, genip or mamoncillo of the West Indies, Melicoccus bijugatus, q.v. The German word is litschi. Plate XXXII: LYCHEE, Litchi chinensis Description The lychee tree is handsome, dense, round-topped, slow-growing, 30 to 100 ft (9-30 m) high and equally broad. Its evergreen leaves, 5 to 8 in (12.5-20 cm) long, are pinnate, having 4 to 8 alternate, elliptic-oblong to lanceolate, abruptly pointed, leaflets, somewhat leathery, smooth, glossy, dark-green on the upper surface and grayish-green beneath, and 2 to 3 in (5-7.5 cm) long. The tiny petalless, greenish-white to yellowish flowers are borne in terminal clusters to 30 in (75 cm) long. Showy fruits, in loose, pendent clusters of 2 to 30 are usually strawberry-red, sometimes rose, pinkish or amber, and some types tinged with green. Most are aromatic, oval, heart-shaped or nearly round, about 1 in (2.5 cm) wide and 1 1/2 in (4 cm) long; have a thin, leathery, rough or minutely warty skin, flexible and easily peeled when fresh. Immediately beneath the skin of some varieties is a small amount of clear, delicious juice. The glossy, succulent, thick, translucent-white to grayish or pinkish fleshy aril which usually separates readily from the seed, suggests a large, luscious grape. The flavor of the flesh is subacid and distinctive. There is much variation in the size and form of the seed. Normally, it is oblong, up to 3/4 in (20 mm) long, hard, with a shiny, dark-brown coat and is white internally. Through faulty pollination, many fruits have shrunken, only partially developed seeds (called "chicken tongue") and such fruits are prized because of the greater proportion of flesh. In a few days, the fruit naturally dehydrates, the skin turns brown and brittle and the flesh becomes dry, shriveled, dark-brown and raisin-like, richer and somewhat musky in flavor. Because of the firmness of the shell of the dried fruits, they came to be nicknamed "lychee, or litchi, nuts" by the uninitiated and this erroneous name has led to much misunderstanding of the nature of this highly desirable fruit. It is definitely not a "nut", and the seed is inedible. Origin and Distribution The lychee is native to low elevations of the provinces of Kwangtung and Fukien in southern China, where it flourishes especially along rivers and near the seacoast. It has a long and illustrious history having been praised and pictured in Chinese literature from the earliest known record in 1059 A.D. Cultivation spread over the years through neighboring areas of southeastern Asia and offshore islands. Late in the 17th Century, it was carried to Burma and, 100 years later, to India. It arrived in the West Indies in 1775, was being planted in greenhouses in England and France early in the 19th Century, and Europeans took it to the East Indies. It reached Hawaii in 1873, and Florida in 1883, and was conveyed from Florida to California in 1897. It first fruited at Santa Barbara in 1914. In the 1920's, China's annual crop was 30 million lbs (13.6 million kg). In 1937 (before WW II) the crop of Fukien Province alone was over 35 million lbs (16 million kg). In time, India became second to China in lychee production, t


A hendecagon is a plane figure with how many straight sides?

hendecagon - definition of hendecagon in English | Oxford Dictionaries Definition of hendecagon in English: hendecagon A plane figure with eleven straight sides and angles. Example sentences ‘The hendecagons in the model are not quite regular.’ ‘The loonie is a seven-gram, 11-sided disk - technically a hendecagon - 26.5 millimetres in diameter and 1.75 millimetres thick.’ ‘The regular hendecagon cannot be constructed using the classical Greek rules of geometric construction.’ ‘Though hendecagons are the most flexible polygons we have examined, there is a downside.’ Origin Early 18th century: from hendeca- ‘eleven’+ -gon, on the pattern of words such as polygon. Pronunciation Which of the following is a type of dance? polka Which of the following is a type of dance? jota Which of the following is a type of dance? carioca Which of the following is a type of dance? boogaloo Which of the following is a type of dance? Boston Which of the following is a type of dance? bossa nova Which of the following is a type of dance? habanero Which of the following is a type of dance? jitterbug Which of the following is a type of dance? charango Which of the following is a type of dance? tarantella You scored /10 practise again? Retry


Who was the only guest vocalist to feature on a Led Zeppelin album?

Sandy Denny - Loves Made A Fool Of You - YouTube Sandy Denny - Loves Made A Fool Of You Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Sep 30, 2009 Sandy Denny - Loves Made A Fool Of You Noted for her duet with Robert Plant on the Led Zeppelin IV album. The song was "The Battle of Evermore". She remains the only guest vocalist on a Led Zeppelin album. Sandy Denny - Born Alexandra Elene Maclean Denny Sandy died April 21,1978 at the age of 31 Category


The Stasi were the secret police of which country?

Stasi Stasi The Untold Story of the East German Secret Police By JOHN O. KOEHLER THE RULE OF LAW "Worse than the Gestapo." Simon Wiesenthal, Nazi hunter Less than a month after German demonstrators began to tear down the Berlin Wall on November 9, 1989, irate East German citizens stormed the Leipzig district office of the Ministry for State Security (MfS)the Stasi, as it was more commonly called. Not a shot was fired, and there was no evidence of "street justice" as Stasi officers surrendered meekly and were peacefully led away. The following month, on January 15, hundreds of citizens sacked Stasi headquarters in Berlin. Again there was no bloodshed. The last bit of unfinished business was accomplished on May 31 when the Stasi radioed its agents in West Germany to fold their tents and come home.     The intelligence department of the Nationale Volksarmee (NVA), the People's Army, had done the same almost a week earlier, but with what its members thought was better style. Instead of sending the five-digit code groups that it had used for decades to message its spies in West Germany, the army group broadcast a male choir singing a children's ditty about a duck swimming on a lake. There was no doubt that the singing spymasters had been drowning their sorrow over losing the Cold War in schnapps. The giggling, word-slurring songsters repeated the refrain three times: "Dunk your little head in the water and lift your little tail." This was the signal to agents under deep cover that it was time to come home.     With extraordinary speed and political resolve, the divided nation was reunified a year later. The collapse of the despotic regime was total. It was a euphoric time for Germans, but reunification also produced a new national dilemma. Nazi war crimes were still being tried in West Germany, forty-six years after World War II. Suddenly the German government was faced with demands that the communist officials who had ordered, executed, and abetted crimes against their own peoplecrimes that were as brutal as those perpetrated by their Nazi predecessorsalso be prosecuted.     The people of the former Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR), the German Democratic Republic, as the state had called itself for forty years, were clamoring for instant revenge. Their wrath was directed primarily against the country's communist rulersthe upper echelon of the Sozialistische Einheitspartei (SED), the Socialist Unity Party. The tens of thousands of second-echelon party functionaries who had enriched themselves at the expense of their cocitizens were also prime targets for retribution.     Particularly singled out were the former members of the Stasi, the East German secret police, who previously had considered themselves the "shield and sword" of the party. When the regime collapsed, the Stasi had 102,000 full-time officers and noncommissioned personnel on its rolls, including 11,000 members of the ministry's own special guards regiment. Between 1950 and 1989, a total of 274,000 persons served in the Stasi.     The people's ire was running equally strong against the regular Stasi informers, the inoffizielle Mitarbeiter (IMs). By 1995, 174,000 had been identified as IMs, or 2.5 percent of the total population between the ages of 18 and 60. Researchers were aghast when they found that about 10,000 IMs, or roughly 6 percent of the total, had not yet reached the age of 18. Since many records were destroyed, the exact number of IMs probably will never be determined; but 500,000 was cited as a realistic figure. Former Colonel Rainer Wiegand, who served in the Stasi counterintelligence directorate, estimated that the figure could go as high as 2 million, if occasional stool pigeons were included.     "The Stasi was much, much worse than the Gestapo, if you consider only the oppression of its own people," according to Simon Wiesenthal of Vienna, Austria, who has been hunting Nazi criminals for half a century. "The Gestapo had 40,000 officials watching a country of 80 million, while the Stasi employed 102,000 to control only 17 million." One


In which English county is Windsor Castle?

Windsor Castle | castle, England, United Kingdom | Britannica.com Windsor Castle William IV Windsor Castle, English royal residence that stands on a ridge at the northeastern edge of the district of Windsor and Maidenhead in the county of Berkshire , England . The castle occupies 13 acres (5 hectares) of ground above the south bank of the River Thames . Windsor Castle comprises two quadrilateral-shaped building complexes, or courts, that are separated by the Round Tower. The latter is a massive circular tower that is built on an artificial mound and is visible for many miles over the surrounding flatland. The court west of the Round Tower is called the lower ward; the court to the east is called the upper ward. Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England. David Iliff Henry VIII Gateway of Windsor Castle, Berkshire, Eng. © Mat Monteith/Shutterstock.com There was a royal residence at Windsor in Saxon times (c. 9th century). William I the Conqueror developed the present site, constructing a mound with a stockade about 1070. Henry II replaced this with the stone Round Tower and added outer walls to the north, east, and south. In the 13th century Henry III completed the south wall and the western end of the lower ward and built a royal chapel on the site of the present-day Albert Memorial Chapel. Edward III made this chapel the centre of the newly formed Order of the Garter in 1348 and converted the fortress buildings in the upper ward to residential apartments for the monarchs. These apartments were rebuilt by Charles II and later reconstructed by George IV for use by visitors of state in addition to the monarchs. The inner courtyard of the upper ward, facing the private apartments, at Windsor Castle, Berkshire, … © Entertainment Press/Shutterstock.com Norman Gate at Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England. © Ron Gatepain (A Britannica Publishing Partner) Edward III Tower at Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England. © Ron Gatepain (A Britannica Publishing Partner) Henry VIII Gateway at Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England. © Ron Gatepain (A Britannica Publishing Partner) Similar Topics London Underground The lower ward includes St. George’s Chapel and the Albert Memorial Chapel. St. George’s Chapel , designed to be the chapel of the Order of the Garter, was begun by Edward IV and is one of the best examples of Perpendicular Gothic-style architecture. It was completed in 1528 and restored between 1921 and 1930. It ranks next to Westminster Abbey as a royal mausoleum and contains the bodies of Henry VI, Edward IV, Henry VIII and Jane Seymour , Charles I , Edward VII , and George V . The chapel also contains the impressive insignia of the Knights of the Garter. Albert Memorial Chapel, built by Henry VII as a royal mausoleum, was restored by Queen Victoria and named in memory of her consort. In this chapel are buried George III , George IV, and William IV . The upper ward of the castle includes the private apartments of the monarch and private apartments for visitors. The state apartments in the upper ward include the Waterloo Chamber, St. George’s Hall, and the grand reception room. The upper ward is also the site of the royal library, which contains a priceless collection of drawings by Leonardo da Vinci , Michelangelo, Raphael, Hans Holbein the Younger , and other Old Masters. Fire destroyed the northeast corner of the upper ward in November 1992. Most of the paintings, furniture, and other movable treasures were saved, but more than 100 rooms, including St. George’s Hall, were destroyed or damaged. A successful restoration of the affected area was completed in 1997. Inner courtyard of the private apartments at Windsor Castle, Berkshire, Eng. © Maxim Kulko/Shutterstock.com


Which music hall singer was famed for her rude songs, including 'I Sits Among the Cabbages and Peas'?

ADDIDI INSPIRATION AWARD WOMEN IN HISTORY - Angela Budett-Coutts NOMINEE Singer and Comedienne(1870-1922) Matilda Alice Victoria Wood was an English music hall singer, best known as Marie Lloyd. Her ability to add lewdness to the most innocent of lyrics led to frequent clashes with the guardians of morality. Her performances articulated the disappointments of life, especially for working-class women. Born in Hoxton, Matildaï¿½s early interest in the music hall was fostered by her father, and as the eldest of 9 children, she formed her sisters into a singing group called the Fairy Bells Minstrels, singing in local missions and church halls. In her teens, Matilda adopted the name Marie Lloyd and quickly became one of the most famous of English music hall singers and comediennes. Her first major success was The Boy I Love Is Up in the Gallery. Marieï¿½s songs, although perfectly harmless by modern standards, began to gain a reputation for being "racy" and filled with double entendre, largely thanks to the manner in which she sang them, adding winks and gestures, and creating a conspiratorial relationship with her audience. She liked to claim that any immorality was in the minds of the complainants. In one famous incident, when the moralists objected to her song "I sits among the cabbages and peas", with its daring reference to urinating, she transformed the lyrics, and sang instead "I sits among the cabbages and leeks" to the roars of laughter of her adoring audience. Despite her own success she supported other performers during the Music Hall War of 1907, when performers demonstrated outside theatres for better pay and conditions. During the First World War, she enthusiastically supported recruitment for the army. In particular she sang the song I didn't like you much before you joined the army, John, but I do like you, cockie, now you've got your khaki on. She also sang in many free concerts for the masses of wounded returning from the trenches. Famed for her generosity and good humour, Marie scandalised respectable society with her rebellious attitude and with a string of love affairs, which were salaciously covered in the tabloid papers. Marie Lloyd was married three times. She was famously refused entry to US in 1913 for "moral turpitude" when she arrived with her 3rd husband Dillon as "Mr. and Mrs. Dillon" but unmarried. On 4 October 1922 Marie collapsed on stage and died 3 days later. She is buried in Hampstead Cemetery - more than 100,000 people attended Marie's funeral. In the funeral procession there were twelve cars full of flowers, and on top of the hearse was the long ebony cane with the sparkling top hat that she had used in her act. In 2009, the BBC produced a film, Miss Marie Lloyd - Queen of the Music Hall depicting her rise to fame. The film features some of Marie's most famous songs, including My Old Man Said Follow the Van and her theme song A Little of What You Fancy Does You Good.


La Brabanconne is the national anthem of which European country?

Belgian National Anthem - "La Brabançonne" (FR/DE/NL/EN) - YouTube Belgian National Anthem - "La Brabançonne" (FR/DE/NL/EN) Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Dec 18, 2011 National Anthem of Belgium - "La Brabançonne" (The Song of Brabant) Includes lyrics in French, German, Dutch and English. Category


Which city hosted the 1964 Summer Olympic Games?

Map: Host Cities for the Summer Olympic Games Tokyo will host 2020 Olympic Games CBC News Last Updated: Sept. 7, 2013 The IOC announced on Sept. 7, 2013 that Tokyo will be the host for the 32nd Olympic Games taking place in 2020. Tokyo was in contention with Istanbul and Madrid for the hosting rights. It will be Tokyo's second time hosting the games, having hosted the games previously in 1964. But, how many other cities have won the right to host the Summer Olympics Games? Click on the red dot in the map below to find out which cities have welcomed thousands of athletes into their town. Story Social Media