What is the word for an oblique-angled parallelogram with 4 equal sides?

Parallelogram - definition of parallelogram by The Free Dictionary Parallelogram - definition of parallelogram by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/parallelogram par·al·lel·o·gram  (păr′ə-lĕl′ə-grăm′) n. A four-sided plane figure with opposite sides parallel. [Late Latin parallēlogrammum, from Greek parallēlogrammon, from neuter sing. of parallēlogrammos, bounded by parallel lines : parallēlos, parallel; see parallel + grammē, line; see gerbh- in the Appendix of Indo-European roots.] parallelogram (ˌpærəˈlɛləˌɡræm) n (Mathematics) a quadrilateral whose opposite sides are parallel and equal in length. See also rhombus , rectangle , trapezium , trapezoid [C16: via French from Late Latin, from Greek parallēlogrammon, from parallēlos parallel + grammē line, related to graphein to write] par•al•lel•o•gram (ˌpær əˈlɛl əˌgræm) a quadrilateral having both pairs of opposite sides parallel to each other. [1560–70; < Late Latin parallēlogrammum < Greek parallēlógrammon] parallelogram par·al·lel·o·gram (păr′ə-lĕl′ə-grăm′) A four-sided plane geometric figure in which each pair of opposite sides is parallel. ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend: quadrangle , quadrilateral , tetragon - a four-sided polygon rhomb , rhombus , diamond - a parallelogram with four equal sides; an oblique-angled equilateral parallelogram rhomboid - a parallelogram with adjacent sides of unequal lengths; an oblique-angled parallelogram with only the opposite sides equal rectangle - a parallelogram with four right angles trapezium - a quadrilateral with no parallel sides Translations [ˌpærəˈlɛləgræm] n → parallélogramme mparallel processing n → traitement m en parallèle parallelogram paraˈllelogram (-əgrӕm) noun a four-sided figure with opposite sides equal and parallel. parallelogram مُتوازي الأضْلاع успоредник paralelogramo rovnoběžník das Parallelprogramm parallelogram παραλληλόγραμμο paralelograma rööpkülik متوازی الاضلاع suunnikas parallélogramme מקבילית समांतर चमुर्भुज paralelogram parallelogramma paralelogram samsíðungur parallelogramma 平行四辺形 평형사변형 lygiagretainis paralelograms segi empat selari parallellogram parallellogram rownoległobok متوازي الاضلاع paralelograma paralelogram параллелограмм rovnobežník paralelogram paralelogram parallellogram รูปสี่เหลี่ยมด้านขนาน paralelkenar 平行四邊形 паралелограм متوازي الاضلاع شکل hình bình hành 平行四边形 Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: Parallelogrammic References in classic literature ? This you do at present with perfect confidence, because everyone knows to an inch or two the area occupied by an adult Triangle: but imagine that your Tradesman drags behind his regular and respectable vertex, a parallelogram of twelve or thirteen inches in diagonal: -- what are you to do with such a monster sticking fast in your house door? View in context The two extremities of this gigantic parallelogram were occupied, the one by the famous marble table, so long, so broad, and so thick that, as the ancient land rolls--in a style that would have given Gargantua an appetite--say, "such a slice of marble as was never beheld in the world"; the other by the chapel where Louis XI. View in context If many simultaneously and variously directed forces act on a given body, the direction of its motion cannot coincide with any one of those forces, but will always be a mean- what in mechanics is represented by the diagonal of a parallelogram of forces.


On 15 July 2004, which country imposed diplomatic sanctions against Israel after two Israeli citizens, Uriel Zosha Kelman and Eli Cara, suspected of being Mossad agents, were convicted of attempting to obtain local passports fraudulently?

Signs of the Times - 2004-07-15 SOTT Editorial 15/07/2004 "Tomorrow,      and tomorrow, and tomorrow, creeps in this petty pace from day to day      to the last syllable of recorded time, and all our yesterdays have lighted      fools the way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle! Life's but a walking      shadow, a poor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stage      and then is heard no more: It is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound      and fury, signifying nothing." Macbeth in a moment of clarity      in Dunsinane Castle Act 5 Scene 5. Life: What     a miserable existence it is. As we come to terms with it, as our eyes     are opened to seeing its true nature, as the veil drops away, we realise     that it is nothing more than a giant banquet, at which we all dignifiedly     take our seats to begin the rapacious feast, ourselves and our fellow     humans as the entree, main course and dessert. Macbeth was just breaking     it to us gently. Why should     it be so? How are we to deal with this extremely distasteful view of reality?     Why should it be that we respond to the suffering and pain we experience     by adding to the mix and creating more of the same? What is wrong with     us? Are we trapped? Have we no choice? Is there no other way? Caught in     a never ending cycle, asleep to the truth, turning over time and again     to reinvent ourselves, our life and its meaning - anything to avoid facing     the ugly, painful truth. Look at the     world around you. Look at your past, your childhood, your present - but     REALLY look. Consider the likely future. What do you See? You will see     the predator constantly at work, in us and others. Never more so than     in our modern world, we are surrounded by and immersed neck-deep in man's     inhumanity to man. A world where the animal, both within and without is     nurtured before the human being. All seek to do the bidding, and satisfy     the urges of this ancient predator that lives within us. As we stand     and stare, straining to hold our gaze, gritting our teeth as our eyes     widen in increasing horror at the deeper view, we come to the understanding     that the human representatives of our hyperdimensional jailers, also called     our "leaders", are tasked with the job of keeping us imprisoned,     at each other's throats. Up the suffering, keep it there, now and again     increase it to horribly extreme levels, keep them disassociated from their     hidden pain and they will never see the truth. Promote lies and illusion. "You are free!" "You are lucky!" "You are privileged." Pull the other one - No, Really. If this is     joke, it's in the poorest taste, and of cosmic proportions. But it is     not a joke. The ugliness of our lives, a result of our basest nature,     the suffering that we provide as fuel for the final decline and implosion     of the cesspool that is life on earth - it is all too real. The nauseating     stench of what we will term "evil" rises up from every pore     of the human part of the entity that is organic life on earth. "But     take heart!" quoth the New Ager, catching a glimpse of the terror     of the situation, "All is not as it seems, it shall not always be     so. This is merely a test and we shall all move on to greater things if     we can only see the beautiful nature of our real being." Again, get     real! Our "true     nature" does not exist - save in potential. Dreaming, imagining,     wanting it to be real will not make it so. Your     dreams and your words are but the self-administered opium of the masses,     syringe passed down from "on high". In your drug-fueled     illusory stupor, you, like the Zionists who placated the Jews in the concentration     camps so they would march willingly - unbelieving - to their deaths, support


Which English author and model, the grand-daughter of author Roald Dahl, actress Patricia Neal and actor Stanley Holloway, married singer and pianist Jamie Cullum in 2010?

Sophie Dahl | News and Photos | Contactmusic.com Sadie Frost James Gooding Spandau Ballet Gary Kemp Jude Law Kylie Minogue Sophie Dahl Kate Moss Sadie Frost has been cautioned for common assault, against her boyfriend James Gooding . The British actress, 47, was reportedly involved in a “bust-up” with Gooding after having dinner with him on Sunday (October 7, 2012), according to The Sun. A spokesperson for the police confirmed “A woman, aged 47, was arrested on suspicion of common assault. The man did not need hospital treatment.” James is 10 years Sadie’s junior and they have been dating since the summer; though it doesn’t seem that all is going to plan if Sadie is resorting to violence against him? Both Sadie and James have previous form when it comes to high profile relationships. Sadie was once married to the Spandau Ballet star Gary Kemp and has a son, Finlay, from her relationship with him. She was also married to the actor Jude Law for six years and has three children with him, Rafferty, Iris and Rudy. James, on the other hand once dated Kylie Minogue , for three years. When they split, he sold his story to The Sun, publicly revealing that he had cheated on her with the model Sophie Dahl . The actual details of James and Sadie’s spat have not been confirmed, though it is thought that Sadie visited the police station on Sunday, where she received a caution for common assault. She was spotted returning home later on Sunday evening. According to the Daily Mail, Sadie’s pal Kate Moss has already taken a dislike to James and “banned him from attending a holiday with them on their yacht in Mallorca and the south of France.” Sophie Dahl Thursday 22nd November 2007 Sophie Dahl signs copies of her book 'Playing with the Grown-ups' at Waterstone's, Oxford Street London, England @Lulibo_Kondile 💛I'm working on it! Thank you, truly. 💛 Popular


"What ballroom dance, recognised by the World Dance Council in the category of ""International Latin"", comes from Brazil?"

Ballroom & Latin Dancing for kids facts and guide | Ideas, reviews and activities for kids What other parents say about... Ballroom & Latin American Dancing: Facts & Ideas Interesting facts         about Ballroom & Latin American Dancing: Facts & Ideas The term 'ballroom dancing' is derived from the word ball, which in turn comes from ‘ballare’ which means 'to dance' in Latin. The earliest recorded Ballroom dancing took place in the late 16th century. The waltz was a shocking dance in its day as the man and the woman danced facing each other almost in an embrace. It only became acceptable in English society when the young Queen Victoria took to it with a passion. The samba originated in Brazil. It was, and still is, danced as a festival dance during the street festivals. The fox can walk with its feet under its body to form a single track. The foxtrot was originally danced this way and is a theory of how the foxtrot began. The largest Cha-Cha Slide dance was achieved by 3,231 participants at a Girlguiding event at Blackpool Pleasure Beach in 2011. The largest waltz was achieved by 1,510 couples at an event in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, in 2010. The largest cha cha cha dance involved 3,379 participants and was achieved by pupils, staff and parents of Edgefield Primary School in Singapore, on 17 July 2011. 43 participants were disqualified as they did not execute the steps correctly and did not synchronise the choreography with the other dancers! How to pick a ballroom dance teacher for your child         about Ballroom & Latin American Dancing: Facts & Ideas Things to consider when looking for a ballroom dancing teacher; Do they follow a dance syllabus and enter children for exams? Does your child want to just dance for fun without taking exams? Can the teacher accommodate either preference? How many other children are in the class? Is it mixed gender? What is the studio space like? Can you go and have a look at it before you sign up? Is there a strict dress code? Most dance schools encourage children to wear any comfortable clothes but guidelines are often more specific regarding footwear. National associations         about Ballroom & Latin American Dancing: Facts & Ideas The British Dance Council was formed in 1929 as the Official Board of Ballroom Dancing (OBBD). The name was subsequently changed in 1985 to the British Council of Ballroom Dancing and in 1996, the name was changed to British Dance Council. The BDC is the recognised governing body for Ballroom, Latin, Sequence dancing & Freestyle/Disco dance in the United Kingdom. Qualifications & exams         about Ballroom & Latin American Dancing: Facts & Ideas Qualifications/grades – children The Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing (ISTD) is one of the world’s leading dance examinations boards. They offer Grade Examinations in Modern Ballroom and Latin American. The National Association of Teachers of Dancing offers graded examinations and medal tests in Ballroom and Latin American dancing. The International Dance Teachers’ Association is one of the world’s largest examination boards, covering the full spectrum of dance examinations on a global scale, with over 7,000 members in 55 countries. Qualifications of teachers The Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing provides training and qualifications for dance teachers. The Professional Teachers of Dancing (PDT) is an examining board and teaching society and is accredited by the Council for Dance Education and Training. Established in 1992, it is a not-for-profit society that covers a range of dance subjects both in the UK and abroad. Learning from the activity         about Ballroom & Latin American Dancing: Facts & Ideas Coordination Discipline   Ballroom and Latin American dancing is a great way for a child to keep fit, strengthen core muscles and a fantastic way to improve his or her sense of self-confidence and pride in their bodies and what they can accomplish through practise. Live performances may also increase your child’s self-esteem, sense of achievement and c


The International Skating Union (ISU) was formed in Scheveningen in the Netherlands in 1892 to govern speed skating and figure skating, and hosted its first Championship in Saint Petersburg in 1896. How many skaters competed?

International Skating Union : definition of International Skating Union and synonyms of International Skating Union (English) 8 External links   History The International Skating Union (ISU) was founded in 1892 to govern speed skating and figure skating. [1] In 1895, the ISU streamlined its mission to deal only with amateur competitors and not professionals. The organization hosted its first amateur skating championship in February 1896 in St. Petersburg, Russia . [2] The United States and Canada formed a competing organization, the International Skating Union of America (ISUA), in 1907. [3] Within the next two years, twelve European nations had joined the ISU, and the ISUA had only its original members. [4] The ISUA folded in 1927. [5] European and North American figure skaters rarely competed against each other due to differences in their styles of skating. [6] The ISU had "systematized and arranged" the sport of figure skating, [6] with competitions including "a selection of ten or twelve numbers from the I. S. U. programme, ... five minutes' free skating to music, ... [and] special figures" on one foot. [4] In 1911, Canada joined the ISU, leaving the United States as the only major competitor to not be a member. [6] Short track speed skating gained its own world championship event, hosted by the ISU, in 1976. At the time, the sport was known as indoor speed skating, but it was renamed short-track when indoor rinks for the longer speed skating events were introduced. [7] By 1988, 38 nations had joined the ISU. Within the next few years, the ISU abandoned one of its long-held practices, eliminating the use of mandatory figures in the singles' figure skating competitions and reducing their use in ice dancing. [8] After the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah , the ISU implemented sweeping changes to many of its events. In one of the short track speed skating events, Apolo Anton Ohno was awarded the gold medal after the disqualification of Kim Dong-Sung . Although the South Korean delegation protested the disqualification, ISU rules did not allow for a review of the official's call. Several months later, the ISU approved the use of video replay, when available, to review referee decisions. [9] The rules for judging figure skating were also changed as the result of the 2002 Olympic Winter Games figure skating scandal . According to Ottavio Cinquanta , president of the ISU, "'Something was wrong there,' ... 'Not just the individual but also the system. It existed for 70 years. Now we are trying to replace one system with another.'" [10] A new figure skating judging system took effect in 2004, eliminating the 6.0 system perfect scores and instead giving points for various technical elements. [11]   ISU Championships In addition to sanctioning other international competitions, the ISU designates the following competitions each year as "ISU Championships": Speed skating: 2000 : Synchronized skating, Minneapolis   Cooperation with other sports ISU has an agreement with Federation of International Bandy to use the same arenas. According to news published at bandynet.ru 7/6 bandy might be on the Olympic programme at Sochi 2014 as a branch of skating because ISU in 2007 got the right to within 3 years add another discipline.   Organization As of the summer of 2008, the ISU consisted of 63 member nations, with a governing council of 11. To add any proposal to the agenda of meetings, it must have support from four-fifths of the members. Proposals on the agenda are approved with a two-thirds majority vote. [12]   Presidents of the ISU


What is the formal title of Guernsey, the British Crown Dependency in the English Channel off the coast of Normandy?

About Guernsey - Guernsey Biberach Contact Kontakt About Guernsey The Bailiwick of Guernsey is a British Crown Dependency in the English Channel off the coast of Normandy. As well as the island of Guernsey itself, it also includes Alderney, Sark, Herm, Jethou, Brecqhou, Burhou, Lihou and other islets. Although the defence of all these islands is the responsibility of the United Kingdom, Guernsey is not part of the UK but rather a separate possession of the Crown Guernsey is also not part of the European Union. Together with the Bailiwick of Jersey, it is included in the collective grouping known as the Channel Islands. Guernsey belongs to the Common Travel Area. St Peter Port, the island’s capital, is a bustling harbour town, a tapestry of architectural styles that tell the story of the region’s changing fortunes. Here bistros, restaurants and boutiques jostle for your attention, while in the harbour ferries are readied to take you to the sister islands. Beyond St Peter Port are inspiring walks along the cliff paths, rambles through the rural interior and island’s beautiful beaches. History Rising sea levels transformed Guernsey first into the tip of a peninsula jutting out into the emergent English Channel, then, around 6000 BC, into an island when it and other promontories were cut off from continental Europe. At this time, Neolithic farmers settled the coasts and created the dolmens and menhirs that dot the islands. The island of Guernsey contains three sculpted menhirs of great archaeological interest; the dolmen known as L’Autel du Dehus also contains a dolmen deity known as Le Gardien de Tombeau. During their migration to Brittany, the Britons occupied the Channel Islands. Coming from the Kingdom of Gwent, Saint Sampson (abbot of Dol, in Brittany) is credited with the introduction of Christianity to Guernsey. In 933 the islands, formerly under the control of the kingdom, then Duchy of Brittany were annexed by the Duchy of Normandy. The island of Guernsey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Duchy of Normandy. In the islands, Elizabeth II’s traditional title as head of state is Duke of Normandy. During the Middle Ages the island was repeatedly attacked by French pirates and naval forces, especially during the Hundred Years War when the island was occupied by the French on several occasions, the first being in 1339. In 1372 the island was invaded by Aragonese mercenaries under the command of Owain Lawgoch (remembered as Yvon de Galles), who was in the pay of the French king. Lawgoch and his dark-haired mercenaries were later absorbed into Guernsey legend as an invasion by faeries from across the sea. During the English Civil War, Guernsey sided with Parliament, while Jersey remained Royalist. Guernsey’s decision was mainly related to the higher proportion of Calvinists and other Reformed churches, as well as Charles I’s refusal to take up the case of some Guernsey seamen who had been captured by the Barbary corsairs. The allegiance was not total, however, there were a few Royalist uprisings in the southwest of the island, while Castle Cornet was occupied by the Governor, Sir Peter Osbourne, and Royalist troops. Castle Cornet, which had been built to protect Guernsey, was turned on the town of St. Peter Port and constantly bombarded it. It was the last Royalist stronghold to capitulate, in 1651. During the wars with France and Spain during the 17th and 18th centuries, Guernsey shipowners and sea captains exploited their proximity to mainland Europe, applying for Letters of Marque and turning their merchantmen into privateers. The 19th century saw a dramatic increase in prosperity of the island, due to its success in the global maritime trade, and the rise of the stone industry. One notable Guernseyman, William Le Lacheur, established the Costa Rican coffee trade with Europe. During World War I approximately 3,000 island men served in the British Expeditionary Force. Of these, about 1,000 served in the Royal Guernsey Light Infantry regiment which was formed from the Royal Guernsey M


What was the first name of the opera composer Verdi?

Verdi’s first opera opens - Nov 17, 1839 - HISTORY.com Verdi’s first opera opens Share this: Verdi’s first opera opens Author Verdi’s first opera opens URL Publisher A+E Networks Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi’s first opera, Oberto, conte di San Bonifacio, debuts in Milan. The premiere was held at La Scala, Italy’s most prestigious theater. Oberto was received favorably, and the next day the composer was commissioned by Bartolomeo Merelli, the impresario at La Scala, to write three more operas. In 1842, after some personal and professional setbacks, the opera Nabucco made Verdi an overnight celebrity. He would go on to compose such classic operas as Rigoletto, Il Trovatore, La Traviata, Aída, and Otello. Giuseppe Verdi was born in Le Roncole in the former duchy of Parma in 1813. His father was a tavern keeper and grocer, and Verdi demonstrated a natural gift for music early. He studied music in the neighboring town of Busseto and at the age of 18 was sent to Milan by a sponsor to enter the Milan Conservatory. He was rejected for being overage but stayed in Milan and studied under Vincenzo Lavigna, a composer and former harpsichordist at La Scala. In 1834, Verdi returned to Busseto and became musical director of the Philharmonic Society. Five years later, Verdi, at 26 years of age, saw his first opera debut at La Scala, the finest theater in Italy. Oberto was followed by Un giorno di regno (King for a Day, 1840), a comic opera that was a critical and commercial failure. Verdi, lamenting its poor reception and also the recent deaths of his wife and two children, decided to give up composing. A year later, however, the director of La Scala convinced him to write an opera based on the story of the Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar II. Nabucco (1842) was a sensational success, followed by I Lombardi (The Lombards, 1843) and Ernani (1844). Rigoletto (1851) is considered his first masterpiece, and Il Trovatore (The Troubadour, 1853) and La Traviata (The Fallen Woman, 1853) brought him international fame and cemented his reputation as a major composer of opera. Verdi’s melodic and dramatic style was further developed in Un ballo in maschera (A Masked Ball, 1859) and La forza del destino (The Power of Destiny, 1862). Aída (1871), commissioned by the khedive of Egypt and first performed in Cairo, is his most famous work. Late expressions of his genius are Otello (Othello, 1887), completed at age 73, and Falstaff, which premiered in 1893 when Verdi was 80. Falstaff was Verdi’s last opera and is considered one of the greatest comic operas. Verdi died in Milan in 1901. He was greatly honored in his lifetime and is credited with transforming Italian opera into true musical drama. Related Videos


From 1894 to 1960, all of the Mosquito Coast was part of which country?

Mosquito Coast Encyclopedia  >  Places  >  Latin America and the Caribbean  >  Nicaragua Political Geography Mosquito Coast Mosquito Coast or Mosquitia (məskēˈtēə, mōskētēˈä) [ key ], region, east coast of Nicaragua and Honduras. The name is derived from the Miskito, the indigenous inhabitants and remnants of the Chorotega . Never exactly delimited, the region is a belt c.40 mi (60 km) wide extending from the San Juan River north into NE Honduras. It is sultry and swampy, rising to low hills in the west. Lobstering has replaced banana cultivation as the major economic activity, but most inhabitants depend on subsistence farming. In the early colonial period, English and Dutch buccaneers preyed on Spanish shipping from there, and English loggers exploited the forest. England established a protective kingdom at Bluefields in 1678. Slaves from Jamaica were brought in to increase the labor supply. In 1848, the British took San Juan del Norte to offset U.S. interest in a transisthmian route to California. Nicaragua protested the seizure. The Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850) between the United States and Great Britain checked British expansion, but relinquishment of the coast was delayed until a separate treaty was concluded with Nicaragua (1860), which established the autonomy of the so-called Mosquito Kingdom. In 1894, José Santos Zelaya ended the territory's anomalous position by forcibly incorporating it into Nicaragua. The northern part was awarded to Honduras in 1960 by the International Court of Justice, thus ending a long-standing dispute. The Nicaraguan portion was officially given partial autonomy in 1987, including control over local natural resources, but little real change has resulted and the area remains impoverished. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.


"Who leads ""The CBS Orchestra"", the house band for ""The Late Show with David Letterman""?"

Paul Shaffer Might Leave 'Late Show With David Letterman' | Hollywood Reporter COMMENTS Getty Images The late-night host's longtime sidekick and musical director, who earns a reported $5 million a year, says he's "going to be certainly ready to lie down ... take a nap" in two years. It's hard to imagine David Letterman without Paul Shaffer by his side, but the late-night host's longtime sidekick and musical director says he might be ready to call it a day when his Late Show contract expires. “We’ve been on 30 years so now we’ve got another two years … I’m going to be certainly ready to lie down after that, take a nap,” he told TV Guide Canada over the weekend. PHOTOS: Outtakes from THR's New York Issue Photo Shoots Still, he admitted that nothing is set in stone just yet. "Life is nutty -- anything can happen," he added. "I’ve been so lucky and blessed to be working this long in show business. And whatever happens now is just gravy to me.” Shaffer, 62, got his start in entertainment as the musical director for the Toronto production of Godspell and went on to become a member of the Saturday Night Live house band. He also released two solo albums and co-wrote and co-produced the 1984 hit song "It's Raining Men." Shaffer joined up with Letterman in 1982 for the launch of Late Night With David Letterman on NBC, leading the World's Most Dangerous Band. In 1993, he made the move with Letterman to CBS for Late Show, where he leads the CBS Orchestra, after NBC passed Letterman over for the Tonight Show hosting job in favor of Jay Leno. STORY: Obama Interview Drives 'Late Show With David Letterman' to 2-Year High Shaffer earns a reported $5 million for his Late Show gig. Despite the fact that he's considering leaving his longtime cohort, he has nothing but praise for Letterman, calling him the "quickest guy in show business." Reps for Late Show have yet to comment.


Which associations of men in similar employment, started in the 12th century, were formed to assist poorer members, sometime securing charters and becoming the governing body of a town?

Full text of "The old guilds of England" See other formats The Old Guilds of England.   TYPICAL GUILD HALL.   THE OLD GUILDS OF ENGLAND   BT   FREDERICK ARMITAGE  Author of "A Short Masonic History," " The Masonic Lodges of the Woiid," &e.   With Illustrations.   WEARE & CO.  53 & 54, KING WILLIAM STREET, E.G. 4. 1918   LIST OF AUTHORITIES.  BRENTANO : " History and Development of the Guilds."  TOTTLMIN SMITH : " English Guilds." GEOSSE : " The Guild Merchant." HAZLITT : " History of the Livery Companies." LAMBERT: "Two thousand years of Gild Life." JOHNSON: "History of the Drapers Company." ROSEDALE : " History of the Homers Company." MAITLAND: "Township and Borough." MARSH : Records of the Carpenters Company."  MEREWEATHER and STEPHENS .- " History of the Boroughs."  STOW : " Survey of London." STUBBS : " English Charters." UNWIN : " The Guilds and Companies of London."  UNWIN : " Industrial Organization of the 16th and 17th Centuries."  WAXFORD : " Gilds, their Origin and Constitution." Calendar of the Patent Rolls in the Record Office. Records of the Pipe Rolls of the Exchequer.  Report of Royal Commission on the Livery Com- panies, 1884.   CONTENTS.  PAGB  AUTHORITIES - 3  CHAPTER  I. INTRODUCTORY 7  II. RELIGIOUS GUILDS - - 16  III. MERCHANT GUILDS - 36  IV. TRADE GUILDS - 65 - V. LONDON GUILDS - - 122  VI. BUILDING TRADE GUILDS - - 163  VII. SCOTCH AND IRISH GUILDS - 204  VIII. OLD CONTINENTAL GUILDS - 209 INDEX.  Illustrations.  PAGE  Typical Guild Hall - Frontispiece  Merchant Mai'k at Southwark Cathedral - 51  Merchant Marks at St. Mary, Kitchen - 62  Chest of Trade Guild - - 99  Arms of the Masons Company - 132  Arms of the Carpenters Company - 166  The King and his Chief Mason - 172  Church Builder of llth Century - 173  Masons' Marks ..... 206   THE OLD GUILDS OF ENGLAND.   CHAPTER I.  INTRODUCTORY.  \ S soon as men banded themselves together -"- in communities, the first idea which occurred to them was that of mutual defence against attacks of their enemies ; and, when they no longer feared those, they began to guard against plots amongst themselves and the putting down of the more unruly or dishonest members, who are found in all associations of men. For the latter some system of voluntary police was needed, who should band together to keep and maintain the peace of the community, and the earliest form of this was the " Fri^ " jirJPfian^^Tji^j],, which we find in elfrTyuays amongst T the Danes, who no doubt were the means of introducing the idea into England when they invaded this country. Their regulations re- ferred to such violent deeds as those of   8 INTRODUCTORY  murder and manslaughter, more common of course in those days than in ours. If a member of the Frith Guild was killed or injured, there were penalties to be paid under the rules of the Guild, and we hear of these rules in England as far back as the year 700. There is some questioning as to the true deri- vation of the word " guild," or " gild,"/ as it is generally spelt in old documents. One class of students derive it from the Saxon word " gilclan " to pay, being thus allied with the German word " geld," money, as relating to the fees charged for admission to these bodies. A more likely derivation is claimed from the_Dajiiyi^rOTdLJl^:iIclfi^l ..& rjgligkms feasTin honour of the god Odin ; from which, by an easy process, it came to mean those present at the feast, who contributed to the expenses, and so eventually we arrive at the idea of a guild or corporation.  / jH i~><L v* vj \t-O ^/  The first of these Frith G uilds of any im- portance in England is found to have existed as early as King Athelstan's days, for we find a code of laws dated 930, drawn up by the Bishop and Mayor, or Reeve, as the latter was then called, of the City of London, for the ruling and governance of the Guild. This code seems to have been a collection of bye- laws for the governance of the inhabitants of the City, providing for the punishment


Jrgen Grbler is a famous coach in what sport?

Sports awards 2008: Jürgen Grobler, the coach who has guided rowing crews to gold at eight Olympics | Sport | The Guardian Share on Messenger Close Few people can lay claim to such an abundance of success as Jürgen Grobler. Even Sir Steve Redgrave does not come close; the record five gold medals he won at successive Olympics are puny compared to Grobler's haul. Since he moved to Britain from the former East Germany in 1991, Grobler has been the architect of at least one gold medal for GB Rowing at five successive Olympics (it's worth remembering that between 1948 and 1984 Britain did not win a single gold). Following a pulsating race by the men's four in Beijing, his total is nine golds and two bronzes in nine Games since 1972. How does Grobler turn out big-race winners so relentlessly? On a gin-clear autumn morning, we meet in his office beside the Redgrave-Pinsent Rowing Lake, the full Olympic regatta course sculpted from gravel pits in Caversham just outside Reading. It is here that he has already started to scheme Britain's campaign for 2012 - and it was from here that he sent forth the heavyweight crews who, in addition to the gold, won silver and bronze in Beijing. Immediately after the Games, he and his wife, Heidi, climbed into the BMW that the four who secured Redgrave's fifth gold in Sydney presented to him, and headed out from their Henley home Chuck Berry-style - 'no particular place to go'. Their unplanned journey lasted three weeks, covered 4,000 miles and took them through France, Spain and Portugal. It told us something, too: that the meticulous coach does not, as many suspected, spend his downtime tidying his garden shed. Yes, Grobler has a freewheeling side and an open mind. He brings them to the read-outs from all those indoor sessions that transport his young athletes to the brink of extinction, while revealing the statistical secrets of their physiology. The figures mean only so much, he says. What really engages him is the human side of rowing. 'It's the athletes' free will that they come here to row,' he says. 'Nobody says they have to do it. And when they come in each day the hard work they have to put in is not designed to make them say, "Yeah, great, I can train this morning." Rowing is an endurance sport, it's very tough, and it can also be very boring going up and down the course at a low rate, stroke by stroke. You can do it mechanically or - which is what I want - you can be into it and try to feel everything. 'After regattas they look in your eyes: "Why didn't I get a medal? I did the same training as the guys who did win medals,"' he says. 'But training is more than this, training is getting into everything, physically and mentally. Reaching targets is not the only thing that counts - you have to have that feeling as well. The only thing I absolutely hate is when someone gives up, stops.' This is the cue for a Redgrave story. 'Steve was doing a test after he had developed diabetes and he looked absolutely awful with about two minutes of a five-kilometre test to go. He could have justified giving up, he had already won four Olympic golds, no one would have said he was weak. I wanted to say stop, but I knew if I had done he would have killed me. His result wasn't that good, but I had huge respect for what he did - it was as good as a good result.' This sort of effort, generated by the human spirit, matters when it comes to what Grobler believes is the most important element of being a successful member of a successful crew: how you perform on the last stroke. 'You have to be totally mentally committed; if you're coming to 19.999 kilometres in a 20-kilometre row, the last metre, how you do that, that's what counts.' Grobler first guided East German rowers to a bronze in 1972, and then golds at each Games from 1976-1988, apart from the 1984 Olympics which were boycotted by the Warsaw Pact countries. The Henley-based Leander club invited him to the UK in 1991 and a year later, having been appointed chief coach of Britain's men, he coached Redgrave and Matthew Pinsent to gold in the coxless pair


The unit of electrical resistance was named after whom?

Famous Scientists who have impacted Electrical and Electronic Engineering | School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Postgrad Order Form Famous Scientists who have impacted Electrical and Electronic Engineering Who are the scientists that gave their names to electrical units such as Volts, Amps, Ohms, Coulombs etc? Who are all these people that we name theorems after in the lectures? In this page we profile some of the famous names that we have in the Electrical and Electronic Engineering discipline. Perhaps there is a role model on this page that you can identify with. Alessandro Guiseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta Alessandro Guiseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta (b. Como, Italy, 18th Feb.1745, d. Como, Italy, 5th March 1827) was a pioneer in the field of electricity. The SI unit of electric potential was named after him as the Volt. The portrait (above) was featured on the Italian 10,000 Lire banknote. He came from a Lombard family ennobled by the municipality of Como and almost extinguished, in his time, through its service to the church. One of his paternal uncles was a Dominican, another a Canon and the third an Archdeacon. His father, Filipo (1862-1752), after eleven years as a Jesuit, withdrew to propagate the line. Filipo married Maddelena de' conti Inzaghi in 1773. They had seven children; three girls, two of whom became nuns; three boys who followed the careers of their uncles; and Alessandro, the youngest. Alessandro was about seven when his father died. His uncle the Canon took charge of his education. Alessandro joined the local Jesuit College in 1757. His quickness soon attracted the attention of his teachers. In 1761 the philosophy professor, Girolamo Bonensi, tried to recruit him. This made his uncle want to take him from school. Volta continued his education at Seminario Benzi. His uncle wanted him to be an attorney. But, Volta chose the study of electricity. Alessandro was a large, vigorous man. He actively practised the Catholic faith. He, in the words of his friend Lichtenberg, "understood a lot about the electricity of women." For many years he enjoyed the favours of a singer, Marianna Paris, whom he might have married but for his theological and family opinion. Volta developed the concept of 'state of saturation of bodies' to explain attractions and repulsions of electrified bodies. The electrophore he invented was severely criticized by Beccaria, one of the chief authorities in electricity. In 1774, he became the principal of the state Gymnasium in Como. In 1775, he was granted the professorship of experimental physics. Cavendish's memoir of 1771 made Volta transform his notion of 'natural saturation' into the concept of potential. His last memoir was on galvanic and common electricity. Seeing Volta's demonstrations, Napoleon raised him to Count and Senator of the kingdom of Italy. During the last 20 years of his life he had the income of a wealthy man. André-Marie Ampére André-Marie Ampére (b. Lyons, France, 22nd Jan. 1775, d. Marseilles, France, 10th June 1836) was a mathematician, a chemist, a physicist and a philosopher. The SI unit of electric current was named after him as the Ampere. His father, Jean-Jacques, was a merchant. Jean-Jacques exposed his son to a library and let him educate himself according to his own tastes. André-Marie soon discovered and perfected his mathematical talents. He even learned Latin in order to read the works by Euler and Bernoulli. The great encyclopédie had the most important influence on him. He was also thoroughly instructed in Catholic faith. During the French Revolution, his father was guillotined. André-Marie was unable to bear this shock. For a year, he retreated, not talking to anyone. During this time, he met Julie Carron who was somewhat older than he was. Ampére pursued Julie until she consented to marry him. They were wed on the 7th of August 1799 and their son, Jean-Jacques, was born.the following year. Ampére became the professor of physics and chemistry at the École-Centrale of Bourgen-Bresse, where he wor


In snooker, what coloured ball scores 7 points?

How many points are the snooker balls worth? | Reference.com How many points are the snooker balls worth? A: Quick Answer Each color ball in snooker is worth a different number of points with the highest value ball being the black ball, which is worth seven points. The red ball is worth one point, yellow is worth two points, green is worth three points, brown is worth four points, blue is worth five points and pink is worth six points. Full Answer In the game of snooker the red balls must be hit into a pocket first. Once a red ball has been potted, the player has the opportunity to try and pot a colored ball of their choice. If they are successful, they can then pot another red ball followed by another color. Once all the red balls are potted in the pockets, the players must then try and pot the colored balls in order of their value, from lowest to highest.


"Which American revolutionary leader wrote the influential pamphlet ""Common Sense"" in 1776?"

Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense - Jan 09, 1776 - HISTORY.com Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense Share this: Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense Author Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense URL Publisher A+E Networks On this day in 1776, writer Thomas Paine publishes his pamphlet “Common Sense,” setting forth his arguments in favor of American independence.  Although little used today, pamphlets were an important medium for the spread of ideas in the 16th through 19th centuries. Originally published anonymously, “Common Sense” advocated independence for the American colonies from Britain and is considered one of the most influential pamphlets in American history.  Credited with uniting average citizens and political leaders behind the idea of independence, “Common Sense” played a remarkable role in transforming a colonial squabble into the American Revolution. At the time Paine wrote “Common Sense,” most colonists considered themselves to be aggrieved Britons.  Paine fundamentally changed the tenor of colonists’ argument with the crown when he wrote the following:  “Europe, and not England, is the parent country of America.  This new world hath been the asylum for the persecuted lovers of civil and religious liberty from every part of Europe.  Hither they have fled, not from the tender embraces of the mother, but from the cruelty of the monster; and it is so far true of England, that the same tyranny which drove the first emigrants from home, pursues their descendants still.” Paine was born in England in 1737 and worked as a corset maker in his teens and, later, as a sailor and schoolteacher before becoming a prominent pamphleteer. In 1774, Paine arrived in Philadelphia and soon came to support American independence.  Two years later, his 47-page pamphlet sold some 500,000 copies, powerfully influencing American opinion. Paine went on to serve in the U.S. Army and to work for the Committee of Foreign Affairs before returning to Europe in 1787.  Back in England, he continued writing pamphlets in support of revolution. He released “The Rights of Man,” supporting the French Revolution in 1791-92, in answer to Edmund Burke’s famous “Reflections on the Revolution in France” (1790). His sentiments were highly unpopular with the still-monarchal British government, so he fled to France, where he was later arrested for his political opinions.  He returned to the United States in 1802 and died in New York in 1809. Related Videos


In a 1996 film John Travolta played what character ?

Michael (1996) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Two tabloid reporters checking out a report of the Archangel Michael living with an old woman find that it's true. But that's not the only surprise. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 41 titles created 15 Nov 2011 a list of 25 titles created 18 Feb 2012 a list of 41 titles created 18 Sep 2013 a list of 43 titles created 28 Jun 2014 a list of 43 titles created 11 months ago Search for " Michael " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. An ordinary man sees a bright light descend from the sky, and discovers he now has super-intelligence and telekinesis. Director: Jon Turteltaub A television weatherman scams a local lottery. Director: Nora Ephron     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 5.8/10 X   After a single, career-minded woman is left on her own to give birth to the child of a married man, she finds a new romantic chance in a cab driver. Meanwhile, the point-of-view of the newborn boy is narrated through voice-over. Director: Amy Heckerling Terrorists steal nuclear warheads from the U.S. military but don't count on a pilot and park ranger spoiling their plans. Director: John Woo When the daughter of a well-known and well-respected base commander is murdered, an undercover detective is summoned to look into the matter and finds a slew of cover-ups at West Point. Director: Simon West A disgruntled security guard holds a school trip group hostage, while a news reporter forms a bond with him. Director: Costa-Gavras A mobster travels to Hollywood to collect a debt and discovers that the movie business is much the same as his current job. Director: Barry Sonnenfeld The story takes place in alternative America where the blacks are members of social elite, and whites are inhabitants of inner city ghettos. Louis Pinnock is a white worker in a chocolate ... See full summary  » Director: Desmond Nakano Edit Storyline Frank Quinlan and Huey Driscoll, two reporters from a Chicago-based tabloid, along with Dorothy Winters, an 'angel expert', are asked to travel to rural Iowa to investigate a claim from an old woman that she shares her house with a real, live archangel named Michael. Upon arrival, they see that her claims are true - but Michael is not what they expected: he smokes, drinks beer, has a very active libido and has a rather colourful vocabulary. In fact, they would never believe it were it not for the two feathery wings protruding from his back. Michael agrees to travel to Chicago with the threesome, but what they don't realise is that the journey they are about to undertake will change their lives forever. Written by Jonathan Broxton <j.w.broxton@sheffield.ac.uk> He's an angel... Not a saint. Genres: Rated PG for a mild barroom brawl, some language and sensuality | See all certifications  » Parents Guide: 25 December 1996 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: $27,629,196        (USA) (27 December 1996) Gross: Did You Know? Trivia Although set in Iowa many scenes were filmed in and around New Braunfels, Texas. Gruene Hall, built in 1878 and known as the oldest continually run dance hall in Texas served as, "Joe's," where the dance scene to, "Chain of Fools," and the ensuing bar brawl took place. See more » Goofs Near the end of the movie, there is a camera shot of a Christmas tree with an angel at the top. However, the angel is holding a horn. That angel is Gabriel, not Michael. See more » Quotes Lyrics by Richard B. Smith (as Dick Smith) Published by WB Music Corp. (ASCAP) Performed by Dion DiMucci (as Dion) Produced by Dion DiMucci for Salt Productions Inc. Courtesy of The Right Stuff Under license from EMI-Capitol Music Special Markets (United States) – See all my reviews It has been quite some time since I last saw this film. However, the amazi


"The American TV serial ""Twin Peaks"" was set in what state of the USA?"

Twin Peaks (TV Series 1990–1991) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error An idiosyncratic FBI agent investigates the murder of a young woman in the even more idiosyncratic town of Twin Peaks. Creators: Maddy prepares to leave Twin Peaks, Pete uncovers the truth behind Tojamura's intentions, and Cooper receives a devastating message. 9.4 Cooper must overcome his deepest fears as he enters the Black Lodge to save Annie from Windom Earle. 9.3 Cooper attempts to locate Laura's killer after the discovery of another victim. 9.3 a list of 25 titles created 05 Feb 2014 a list of 36 titles created 16 Apr 2014 a list of 27 titles created 18 Nov 2014 a list of 22 titles created 10 May 2015 a list of 27 titles created 7 months ago Search for " Twin Peaks " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Title: Twin Peaks (1990–1991) 8.9/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won     3     Golden Globes. Another    11 wins & 44 nominations. See more awards  » Videos A young FBI agent disappears while investigating a murder miles from Twin Peaks that may be related to the future murder of Laura Palmer; the last week of the life of Laura Palmer is chronicled. Director: David Lynch The discovery of a severed human ear found in a field leads a young man on an investigation related to a beautiful, mysterious nightclub singer and a group of psychopathic criminals who have kidnapped her child. Director: David Lynch     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8.2/10 X   Twin Peaks before Twin Peaks (1990) and at the same time not always and entirely in the same place as Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me (1992). A feature film which presents deleted scenes from Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me (1992) assembled together for the first time in a Director: David Lynch The X-Files (TV Series 1993) Drama | Mystery | Sci-Fi Two FBI agents, Fox Mulder the believer and Dana Scully the skeptic, investigate the strange and unexplained while hidden forces work to impede their efforts. Stars: David Duchovny, Gillian Anderson, Mitch Pileggi Henry Spencer tries to survive his industrial environment, his angry girlfriend, and the unbearable screams of his newly born mutant child. Director: David Lynch After a car wreck on the winding Mulholland Drive renders a woman amnesiac, she and a perky Hollywood-hopeful search for clues and answers across Los Angeles in a twisting venture beyond dreams and reality. Director: David Lynch After a bizarre encounter at a party, a jazz saxophonist is framed for the murder of his wife and sent to prison, where he inexplicably morphs into a young mechanic and begins leading a new life. Director: David Lynch A drama series that takes a darkly comical look at members of a dysfunctional California family that runs an independent funeral home. Stars: Peter Krause, Michael C. Hall, Frances Conroy Mulholland Dr. (TV Movie 1999) Drama | Mystery | Thriller After a car wreck, an amnesiac woman sets out to learn what happened to her with the help of a wannabee actress. Director: David Lynch New Jersey mob boss, Tony Soprano, deals with personal and professional issues in his home and business life. Stars: James Gandolfini, Lorraine Bracco, Edie Falco True Detective (TV Series 2014) Crime | Drama | Mystery An anthology series in which police investigations unearth the personal and professional secrets of those involved, both within and outside the law. Stars: Vince Vaughn, Colin Farrell, Rachel McAdams Young lovers Sailor and Lula run from the variety of weirdos that Lula's mom has hired to kill Sailor. Director: David Lynch Edit Storyline The body of a young girl (Laura Palmer) is washed up on a beach near the small Washington state town of Twin Peaks. FBI Special Agent Dale Cooper is called in to investigate her strange demise only to uncover a web of mystery that ultimately le


What colour is the medal presented for winning an event at the Olympic Games from 1904 onwards?

The 1904 Olympic Marathon May Have Been the Strangest Ever   |   History | Smithsonian Contact Privacy Policy Terms of Use The 1904 Olympic Marathon May Have Been the Strangest Ever In 1904, St. Louis hosted the Olympic Games as part of the World's Fair—and produced a spectacle that incorporated all the mischief of the midway Fred Lorz, Olympic marathoner and practical joker, 1904. Photo: www.morethanthegames.co.uk America’s first Olympics may have been its worst, or at least its most bizarre. Held in 1904 in St. Louis, the games were tied to that year’s World’s Fair , which celebrated the centennial of the Louisiana Purchase while advancing, as did all such turn-of-the-century expositions, the notion of American imperialism. Although there were moments of surprising and genuine triumph (gymnast George Eyser earned six medals, including three gold, despite his wooden leg), the games were largely overshadowed by the fair, which offered its own roster of sporting events, including the controversial Anthropology Days , in which a group of “savages” recruited from the fair’s international villages competed in a variety of athletic feats—among them a greased-pole climb, “ethnic” dancing, and mud slinging—for the amusement of Caucasian spectators. Pierre de Coubertin , a French historian and founder of the International Olympic Committee , took disapproving note of the spectacle and made a prescient observation: “As for that outrageous charade, it will of course lose its appeal when black men, red men and yellow men learn to run, jump and throw, and leave the white men behind them.” The Olympics’ signal event, the marathon, was conceived to honor the classical heritage of Greece and underscore the connection between the ancient and modern. But from the start the 1904 marathon was less showstopper than sideshow, a freakish spectacle that seemed more in keeping with the carnival atmosphere of the fair than the reverential mood of the games. The outcome was so scandalous that the event was nearly abolished for good. Javelin contest during the Anthropology Days. Photo: St. Louis Public Library (www.slpl.org) A few of the runners were recognized marathoners who had either won or placed in the Boston Marathon or had placed in previous Olympic marathons, but the majority of the field was composed of middle-distance runners and assorted “oddities.” Americans Sam Mellor, A.L. Newton, John Lordon, Michael Spring and Thomas Hicks, all experienced marathoners, were among the favorites. Another American, Fred Lorz, did all his training at night because he had a day job as a bricklayer, and earned his spot in the Olympics by placing in a “special five-mile race” sponsored by the Amateur Athletic Union. Among the leading oddities were ten Greeks who had never run a marathon, two men of the Tsuana tribe of South Africa who were in St. Louis as part of the South African World’s Fair exhibit and who arrived at the starting line barefoot, and a Cuban national and former mailman named Félix Carbajal, who raised money to come to the States by demonstrating his running prowess throughout Cuba, once trekking the length of the island. Upon his arrival in New Orleans, he lost all his money on a dice game and had to walk and hitchhike to St. Louis. At five feet tall, he presented a slight but striking figure at the starting line, attired in a white, long-sleeved shirt, long, dark pants, a beret and a pair of street shoes. One fellow Olympian took pity, found a pair of scissors and cut Carbajal’s trousers at the knee. Cuban marathoner (and former mailman) Félix Carbajal Photo: Britannica.com On August 30, at precisely 3:03 p.m., David R. Francis, president of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Company, fired the starting pistol, and the men were off. Heat and humidity soared into the 90s, and the 24.85-mile course—which one fair official called “the most difficult a human being was ever asked to run over”—wound across roads inches deep in dust. There were seven hills, varying from 100-to-300 feet high, some with brutally long ascents. In many places


What is the highest mountain in Queensland, Australia (1622 metres), named in 1873 after a British colonial administrator who later became president of the Royal Geographical Society?

JoyZine - Australia Decoded: A Dictionary of Australian English: M-6 Buy This at Allposters.com Mouheneena—the traditional land of the Mouheneena Indigenous people encompassed the area from New Norfolk to Hobart and down to Margate (North West Bay). Their land included Mount Wellington and inland approximately 20-30km from the Derwent River. Signs of the Mouheneena people still abound on the shores of the river and on D’Entrecasteaux Channel. Shell middens represent the locations where the people camped, made small fires and cooked a rich variety of shellfish. Occasionally, you might see isolated stone tools (artifacts) in bushland surrounding Hobart. The stone artifacts were fashioned by the men for use as cutting tools or scrapers. Stone tools were traded from one end of Tasmania to the other. Complex and very strict trade negotiations occurred between different language groups and successful trade negotiations resulted in celebrations (corroboree) by the groups. While there are scant historical records of what happened to the Mouheneena people, the invasion of their lands by the English would have contributed to their demise. Mouheneener—(see: Mouheneena). mound springs—natural artesian springs found in arid, outback Queensland and South Australia. Water stored in deep aquifers seeps to the surface through fault lines in the overlying rock. Mounds form from the sediments and salts within the spring water as it evaporates. Most such springs support a thick growth of sedges that help stabilise the sediment and provide shelter for animals. Mound springs are often small hills, and in South Australia, they form an arc of about 400km along the south-western edge of the Great Artesian Basin. Many of these springs have disappeared in the last 100 years as a result of water extraction from the Great Artesian Basin. Mount Arapiles—a 356m sandstone monolith, regarded internationally as the top rock-climbing site in Australia. There are 2000 rock-climbing routes marked out across its stretch of sandstone cliffs. Mount Arapiles is a spectacular feature, rising sharply from the Wimmera Plains to form part of the Mount Arapiles-Tooan State Park. Mount Arapiles-Tooan State Park—Mount Arapiles is the central feature of the park, rising sharply from the Wimmera Plains. Most of the Arapiles Plateau is covered by low, open forest of long-leaved box in association with some bull-oak and white cypress-pine. Below the plateau, yellow gum woodland is found. About 500 species of native plants occur in the park, including several which are rare or endangered, such as rock wattle and skeleton fork-fern. About 14% of the state's flora species are represented in the Mount Arapiles section alone. The 5060ha park also provides habitat for a variety of mammals and invertebrates. A total of 109 bird species has been recorded. Notable species include the peregrine falcon, rainbow bee eater, Gilbert whistler and southern scrub robin. The Mount Arapiles-Tooan State Park is located 30km west of Horsham. Mount Arckaringa—the largest of a group of colourful rock outcrops in the arid north of South Australia. The attraction of the area around Mount Arckaringa is the unique nature of the hills, which are flat-topped, cone-shaped features that are just as colourful as the hills around the breakaways. The underlying soil is a soft off-white colour streaked with varying hues of vibrant earth colours—from deep red to dark brown, burnished orange and ochre and vibrant yellows. The area is extremely fragile, the rocks so soft they crumble underfoot. A couple of kilometres beyond Mount Arckaringa, the road climbs a short distance up onto a plateau. Right at the top of this first jump up is a short track to the right, which leads up to a lookout only 50m or so from the road. It is from this lookout that you see why the flat, empty plain stretching to the southern horizon is called the Painted Desert. Mount Arckaringa, the Arckaringa Hills and the Painted Desert are located to the north of Coober Pedy, roughly halfway between Cadney Park on the Stuart Highway and Ood


"The ""Missouri Compromise"" allowed which state to join the USA in 1820 to balance the admission of Missouri?"

Missouri Compromise exposed the raw nerve of slavery By Parke Pierson Missouri Compromise When President Thomas Jefferson purchased 828,000 acres of heartland from Napoleon of France for a little more than $11 million in 1803, he was overjoyed with the prospect of securing the vital Mississippi River and the port of New Orleans for America’s interests. But with all the good that the Louisiana Purchase brought to the United States, it also presented the growing country with a difficult and painful question: Should the states created out of that land be slave or free? Louisiana had been carved out and accepted as a slave state in 1812, but no other territory had petitioned Congress for statehood out of the purchase lands until Missouri did so in 1818, also wanting to enter the Union as a slave state. That request threatened to unsettle a delicate balance of 11 slave and 11 free states, a balance both sides found necessary for maintaining equal representation in the Senate. The fledgling abolitionist movement saw a chance to bring its cause to the foreground, and the issue of slavery in Missouri was thrown before the House of Representatives in February 1819 when James Tallmadge of New York proposed an amendment to ban slavery within the boundaries of the new state. Tallmadge also advocated gradual emancipation for the thousands of chattels already living there. That amendment set off contentious debates within the House and brought the issue of slavery into the national spotlight once again, after the topic had been comparatively quiet since the late 18th century.Southerners adamantly fought the Tallmadge Amendment, protesting the imbalance of representation that having one more free than slave state would cause, as well as the unveiled threat on the institution so critical to the plantation economy. On the other side of the aisle, most Northern representatives were not abolitionists and cared little for slaves as people, but supported Tallmadge because they believed slavery posed a threat to the farm-and-industry economic model just beginning to take hold above the Mason-Dixon line. In short, they didn’t want large plantations taking all the land from free husbandmen and their families. In mid-February 1819, the Tallmadge Amendment passed the House by a vote of 82 to 78, but both the slavery ban and the emancipation proposals were defeated in the Senate. The issue remained at an impasse until December when Maine and Henry Clay, the Speaker of the House from Kentucky who owned slaves but had famously proclaimed that he was an American first and a Southerner second, entered the debate. Maine, up to that time a part of Massachusetts, wanted to enter as a free state, and Clay decreed that could not occur unless Missouri came in with slavery. In February 1820, Illinois Senator Jesse B.Thomas suggested a proposal that would eventually be called the Missouri Compromise: Maine would enter as a free state, Missouri would come in with slaves, but no slavery would be permitted in other states developed out of the Louisiana Purchase north of 36 degrees 30 minutes latitude, Missouri’s southern boundary. The Thomas proposal was accepted in the Senate but defeated in the House, and ardent debate along sectional lines resumed in Congress. Clay stepped into the fray again and used his considerable influence and power as House speaker to work with both his Northern and Southern colleagues and have them accept Thomas’ compromise as a resolution to the situation. In early March, Congress finally agreed on what they called the Missouri Compromise. Many congressmen remained shaken by the controversy. Slavery had once again proved to be an issue that divided the nation along sectional lines. Southerners had been thrown on the defensive to justify their “peculiar institution,” Northerners had fumed that “slave power” was trying to take up all the land, and abolitionists such as Congressman Arthur Livermore of New Hampshire wondered “how long will the desire for wealth render us blind to the sin of holding…our fellow men in chains?” Read More in


In which game would you use a wooden ball called a cochonnet?

Petanque America - THE Source for Boules and Accessories Welcome to Petanque America, THE store for everything petanque in the USA! What on earth is petanque ..? Petanque, pronounced "pay-tonk", one of Europe's most popular outdoor games, is a cousin of both horseshoes and of the Italian bowling game called 'bocce'. The game originated in the South of France in the early 1900's. The aim is to toss, or roll a number of hollow steel balls ("boules") as close as possible to a small wooden target ball, called "but" or "cochonnet" (French for "piglet"). Players take turns and the team that ends up nearest to the target ball when all balls are played, wins. Unlike horseshoes, where the aim stake is fixed, the target ball can be hit (and thus moved) at any time, which can totally upset the score at the last second. And whereas official 'bocce' rules call for a smooth, prepared court with markers and sideboards, petanque can be played on most outdoor surfaces, without any setup. No special skill is required, adults can play with children, and the equipment is inexpensive. The game of petanque is simple, relaxing, lots of fun, and a perfect way to make new friends. Last but not least, petanque can be - and usually is - played while enjoying a cool drink. No wonder this extremely pleasant game is rapidly gaining popularity worldwide!


Planet Closest to the Sun - Universe Today   Universe Today Planet Closest to the Sun Article Updated: 24 Dec , 2015 by Jerry Coffey [/caption]Mercury, the planet closest to the Sun, is a study in extremes and offers many surprises. The extremes of the planet have made it an understudied body in our Solar System, though the MESSENGER mission is trying to change that as you are reading this article. In addition to being the planet closest to the Sun, Mercury is also the smallest by mass. If you ignore the former planet Pluto, it is also the smallest by surface area, as well. The planet has the most eccentric orbit: at perihelion it is 46,001,200 km from the Sun and at aphelion it is 69,816,900 km. The planet’s short orbital period(87.969 Earth days) and slight axial tilt combine to make the day on Mercury(116 Earth days) longer than the year. The average temperature on the planet is 442.5°K. Because of the planet’s thin atmosphere there is a wide temperature range, 100°K to 700°K. The temperature at the equator can be as much as 300°K more than the temperature at the poles. Despite its proximity to our central star, the poles of the planet are thought to have water ice hidden within impact craters. Claims for water ice are substantiated by observations by the 70 m Goldstone telescope and the Very Large Array. There are areas of very high radar reflection at the pole areas so, since water is highly reflective of radar, astronomers believe that water ice is the most likely cause of this reflection. Due to its size and average temperatures, the planet’s gravity can not retain a significant atmosphere over a long period. It does have a negligible surface-bounded exosphere that is dominated by hydrogen, helium, oxygen, sodium, calcium, and potassium. Atoms are continuously being lost and replenished from this exosphere. Hydrogen and helium atoms are thought to derive from the solar wind that buffets the planet. These elements diffuse into Mercury’s magnetosphere before escaping back into space. Radioactive decay within the crust is a source of helium, sodium, and potassium. Mercury has been explored by two mission: Mariner 10 and MESSENGER. Mariner 10 was able to map 40-45% of Mercury’s surface through more than 2,800 photos. It revealed a more or less moon-like surface, a slight atmosphere, a magnetic field, and a large iron rich core. MESSENGER was launched in August of 2004. After a 31/2 year flight, it made its first flyby in January 2008 and arrived in orbit on March 18, 2011. So far, the probe has discovered large amounts of water in the exosphere, evidence of past volcanic activity, and evidence of a liquid planetary core. As the MESSENGER mission continues, the closest planet to the Sun should continue to reveal more surprises for the scientists at NASA. It appears a new age of discovery has begun for Mercury. We have an extensive section just on Mercury on Universe Today. And did you know there’s a spacecraft visiting Mercury called MESSENGER? You can read news about this mission here . Here’s a link to NASA’s Solar System Exploration Guide on Mercury. We have recorded an episode of Astronomy Cast just about the Sun called The Sun, Spots and All . References:


A tirade by Christian Bale directed at Shane Hurlbut, director of photography was on the set of which 2009 film?

Christian Bale apologises 'unreservedly' for Terminator set rant | Film | The Guardian Christian Bale Christian Bale apologises 'unreservedly' for Terminator set rant 'I was out of order beyond belief,' says Dark Knight actor of his tirade at director of photography on set of Terminator Salvation 'I acted like a punk' ... Christian Bale. Photograph: Junko Kimura/Getty Images Christian Bale Christian Bale apologises 'unreservedly' for Terminator set rant 'I was out of order beyond belief,' says Dark Knight actor of his tirade at director of photography on set of Terminator Salvation Close This article is 7 years old Christian Bale has apologised unreservedly for his widely-reported rant on the set of the new Terminator movie, calling it "inexcusable" and admitting "I acted like a punk". The actor spoke to Los Angeles radio station KROQ on Friday after a tape of his foul-mouthed tirade at Terminator Salvation director of photography Shane Hurlbut was released onto the internet. Hurlbut had made the mistake of walking into Bale's eyeline during a take on last July's shoot. In a lengthy apology, Bale, who admitted the past week had been "miserable" for him, told presenters Kevin Ryder and Gene "Bean" Baxter : "I was out of order beyond belief. I make no excuses for it." He added: "There is nobody who has heard that tape who has been hit harder than me. The one thing that disturbs me so much is that I've heard a lot of people saying that I seem to think that I'm better than anybody else. "Nothing could be farther from the truth. I am a lucky man, I never forget that and that is why I put so much into what I do, and why I care so much about it and why sometimes that enthusiasm just goes awry." Bale said he had been trying to express the "craziness" of his character John Connor, leader of the human resistance against their machine overlords, but mixed up fact and fiction when he launched his attack on Hurlbut. "I'm half John Connor, I'm half Christian there," he said. The Dark Knight star insisted that he and Hurlbut had resolved their differences on the very day that the verbal attack took place. "When I say 'I'm not coming back on this set unless he's fired', it's hot air," he said. "I don't want anyone to misunderstand this: I've seen a rough cut of the movie and he has done a really wonderful, professional job on this." Bale added: "I know some people are thinking, 'I'm not going to see this movie' because they think I'm a prima donna. Everybody worked so hard on this movie. Please, don't allow my incredibly embarassing meltdown to overshadow this movie and to have all of those people's hard work go to waste." The actor's estranged mother, Jenny , has already waded into the affair, suggesting the incident might help people understand why she reported Bale to the police for an alleged assault last summer at London's Dorchester hotel, before The Dark Knight's UK premiere. At the weekend, his sister, Sharon, told the Daily Telegraph she felt her sibling "might need help". The driving instructor, who lives in Poole, Dorset, said: "He verbally attacked us. He spoke in the same aggressive way he did to that lighting engineer. I wouldn't have minded so much but it was in front of my family and three children. "He's normally a placid guy but he has done film after film and he really gets into character. I think he just needs time out."


In the British army, how many chevrons does a sergeant wear on his arm?

British Army Other Ranks rank insignia | Military Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia British Army Other Ranks rank insignia 204,343pages on Share The term used to refer to all ranks below officers is Other Ranks (ORs). It includes Warrant Officers , Non-commissioned officers (NCOs) and ordinary soldiers with the rank of Private or equivalent. Officers may, in speaking, distinguish themselves from those "in the ranks". Contents In the Foot Guards and Honourable Artillery Company : lance corporals wear two chevrons rather than one (allegedly because Queen Victoria did not like the look of one chevron, and thus decreed her personal troops would have at least two); corporals are automatically appointed Lance Sergeant , wearing three chevrons; in full dress , a lance sergeant's chevrons are white, whereas a full sergeant's are gold. The Household Cavalry maintains the old cavalry tradition of having no rank of sergeant (allegedly because the word Sergeant is descended from Servant and such a title was considered inappropriate for Household troops), which was originally an infantry rank only. It has its own peculiar set of insignia and ranks with the following equivalents: Staff Corporal = Staff Sergeant: four chevrons, point up and worn on the lower sleeve, with metal crown above; Corporal of Horse = Sergeant: three chevrons, point down, with a metal crown above (confusingly similar to the insignia of a Staff Sergeant in other units); Lance Corporal of Horse = Lance Sergeant (Corporal): same as a Corporal of Horse, but with a cloth crown rather than a metal one; Lance Corporal : two chevrons, with a crown above. Similarly, warrant officer appointments are different, with, for example, Regimental Corporal Major being used in place of Regimental Sergeant Major . Uniquely, non-commissioned officers and warrant officers of the Household Cavalry do not wear any insignia on their full dress uniforms (although officers do). Rank is indicated by a system of aiguillettes . In several cavalry regiments including the 1st The Queen's Dragoon Guards and the Queen's Royal Hussars , NCO's holding the rank of Lance Corporal wear two stripes. Full Corporals are distinguished by the addition of a cypher above their two stripes in dress uniforms. Staff Sergeants in an appointment as Squadron Quartermaster Sergeant in the cavalry, sometimes wear four stripes with a crown and are referred to as "Sergeant Major".  The term "mister" then being given to WO2's. Origins and history Edit The chevrons worn by many non-commissioned officers are based on heraldic devices and their current use for NCOs originates from the time of the Napoleonic Wars in 1802. As today, sergeants wore three chevrons, point downwards, on the upper arm, and corporals wore two, with sergeant-majors and quarter-master-sergeants then having four. Lance corporal, at the time not a rank but an appointment historically known as chosen man and carrying extra pay for privates holding it, were given a single chevron a few years later, and later in the century the lance-sergeant appeared, wearing three chevrons. The Royal Artillery had the special rank of bombardier below the corporal, and both he and the acting bombardier wore one chevron. The Royal Engineers and Army Ordnance Corps also had an additional rank of second corporal , who wore one chevron. On full-dress tunics, badges in white or gold lace were worn only on the right arm, but on service dress jackets, badges in worsted embroidery were worn on both arms. In February 1918 the acting bombardier was renamed lance-bombardier , and the full bombardier gained a second chevron in 1920 replacing the rank of corporal in the RA. Second corporals also disappeared at that time (second corporal had been an actual rank, whereas lance-corporal was a private acting in the rank of corporal). The pre-war infantry rank of Colour Sergeant had generally given way to the ranks of company sergeant-major and quartermaster-sergeant in 1914 when the four-company organisation was introduced. Both of these ranks, their squadron and battery equivalent


What term describes a deep ravine with sloping sides that is often dry in summer?

Coulee - definition of coulee by The Free Dictionary Coulee - definition of coulee by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/coulee 1. Western US A deep gulch or ravine with sloping sides, often dry in summer. 2. Louisiana & Southern Mississippi a. A streambed, often dry according to the season. b. A small stream, bayou, or canal. 3. Upper Midwest A valley with hills on either side. 4. a. A stream of molten lava. b. A sheet of solidified lava. [Canadian French coulée, from French, flow, from couler, to flow, from Latin cōlāre, to filter, from cōlum, sieve.] coulee a. a flow of molten lava b. such lava when solidified 2. (Physical Geography) Western US and Canadian a dry stream valley, esp a long steep-sided gorge or ravine that once carried melt water from a glacier 3. (Physical Geography) a small intermittent stream in such a ravine [C19: from Canadian French coulée a flow, from French, from couler to flow, from Latin cōlāre to sift, purify; see colander] cou•lee


What is a surgical procedure to improve the function or the appearance of a human nose?

Nose Surgery | American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery News media interested in covering the latest from AAO-HNS/F can find information on embargoes, Annual Meeting press registration and more below. Please direct any interview requests or policy questions to our media and public relations staff at newsroom@entnet.org . Improving Form And Function Of The Nose Each year thousands of people undergo surgery of the nose. Nasal surgery may be performed for cosmetic purposes, or a combination procedure to improve both form and function. It also may alleviate or cure nasal breathing problems, correct deformities from birth or injury, or support an aging, drooping nose. Patients who are considering nasal surgery for any reason should seek a doctor who is a specialist in nasal airway function, as well as plastic surgery. This will ensure that efficient breathing is as high a priority as appearance. Can Cosmetic Nasal Surgery Create A "Perfect" Nose? Aesthetic nasal surgery (rhinoplasty) refines the shape of the nose, bringing it into balance with the other features of the face. Because the nose is the most prominent facial feature, even a slight alteration can greatly improve appearance. (Some patients elect chin augmentation in conjunction with rhinoplasty to better balance their features.) Rhinoplasty alone cannot give you a perfect profile, make you look like someone else, or improve your personal life. Before surgery, it is very important that the patient have a clear, realistic understanding of what change is possible as well as the limitations and risks of the procedure. Skin type, ethnic background, and age will be among the factors considered preoperatively by the surgeon. Except in cases of severe breathing impairment, young patients usually are not candidates until their noses are fully grown, at 15 or 16 years of age. The surgeon will also discuss risk factors, which are generally minor, as well as where the surgery will be performed-in a hospital, freestanding outpatient surgical center, or a certified office operating room. To reshape the nose, the skin is lifted, allowing the surgeon to remove or rearrange the bone and cartilage. The skin is then redraped and sutured over the new frame. A nasal splint on the outside of the nose helps retain the new shape during healing. If soft, absorbent material is placed inside the nose to stabilize the septum, it will normally be removed the morning after surgery. External nasal dressings and splints are usually removed five to seven days after surgery. When Should Surgery Be Considered to Correct a Chronically Stuffy Nose? Millions of Americans perennially suffer the discomfort of nasal stuffiness. This may be indicative of chronic breathing problems that don't respond well to ordinary treatment. The blockage may be related to structural abnormalities inside the nose or to swelling caused by allergies or viruses. There are numerous causes of nasal obstruction. A deviated septum (the partition between the nostrils) can be crooked or bent as the result of abnormal growth or injury. This can partially or completely close one or both nasal passages. The deviated septum can be corrected with a surgical procedure called septoplasty. Cosmetic changes to the nose are often performed at the same time, in a combination procedure called septorhinoplasty. Overgrowth of the turbinates is yet another cause of stuffiness. (The turbinates are the tissues that line the inside of the nasal passages.) Sometimes the turbinates need treatment to make them smaller and expand the nasal passages. Treatments include injection, freezing, and partial removal. Allergies, too, can cause internal nasal swelling, and allergy evaluation and therapy may be necessary. Can Surgery Correct a Stuffy, Aging Nose? Aging is a common cause of nasal obstruction. This occurs when cartilage in the nose and its tip are weakened by age and droop because of gravity, causing the sides of the nose to collapse inward, obstructing air flow. Mouth breathing or noisy and restricted breathing are common. Try lifti


Between 500 and 850 AD, often referred to as the Dark Ages, the 7 kingdoms into which England was supposedly divided (the Heptarchy) were Wessex, Mercia, Kent, Essex, East Anglia, Sussex and which other?

Map of Heptarchy - The Full Wiki The Full Wiki Map showing all locations mentioned on Wikipedia article: A map showing the general locations of the Anglo-Saxon peoples around the year 600 Britain around the year 800 Heptarchy ( Greek : seven + realm) is a collective name applied to the supposed seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of south, east, and central Great Britain and Wales were also divided into comparable petty kingdoms . The term has been in use since the 16th century but the initial idea that there were seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms is attributed to the English historian Henry of Huntingdon in the 12th century and was first used in his Historia Anglorum. Use of the term By convention the label is considered to cover the period from AD 500 to AD 850, often referred to as the Dark Ages , which approximately represents the period following the departure of Roman legions from Britain until the unification of the kingdoms under Egbert of Wessex . The word heptarchy refers to the existence (as was thought) of seven kingdoms, which eventually merged to become the basis for the Kingdom of England ; these were Northumbria , Essex , Kent , Sussex and Wessex . The period supposedly lasted until the seven kingdoms began to consolidate into larger units, but the actual events marking this transition are debatable. At various times within the conventional period, certain rulers of Northumbria, Mercia and Wessex (such as Penda of Mercia ) claimed hegemony over larger areas of England; yet as late as the reigns of Eadwig and Edgar (955–75), it was still possible to speak of separate kingdoms within the English population. In reality the end of the Heptarchy was a gradual process. The 9th century Viking raids that led to the establishment of a Danish-controlled enclave at York , and ultimately to the Danelaw , gained considerable advantage from the petty rivalries between the old kingdoms. The need to unite against the common enemy was recognised, so that by the time Alfred of Wessex resisted the Danes in the late 9th century, he did so essentially as the leader of an Anglo-Saxon nation. Successive kings of Wessex (and especially Athelstan ) progressively reinforced the English unitary state, until the old constituent kingdoms in effect became irrelevant. Recent research has revealed that some of the Heptarchy kingdoms (notably Essex and Sussex) did not achieve the same status as the others. Conversely, there also existed alongside the seven kingdoms a number of other political divisions which played a more significant role than previously thought. Such were the kingdoms (or sub-kingdoms) of: Bernicia and Deira within Northumbria; Lindsey in present-day Lincolnshire ; the Hwicce in the southwest Midlands; the Magonsæte or Magonset, a sub-kingdom of Mercia in what is now Herefordshire ; the Wihtwara , a Jutish kingdom on the Isle of Wight , originally as important as the Cantwara of Kent ; the Middle Angles , a group of tribes based around modern Leicestershire , later conquered by the Mercians; the Hæstingas (around the town of Hastings in Sussex ); and the Gewisse , a Saxon tribe in what is now southern Hampshire later developing into the kingdom of Wessex . Certainly the term Heptarchy has been considered unsatisfactory since the early 20th century, and many professional historians no longer use it, feeling that it does not accurately describe the period to which it refers. However, it is still sometimes used as a label of convenience for a phase in the development of England. Anglo-Saxon England heptarchy The four main kingdoms in Anglo-Saxon England were:


Which epic poem from Ancient Mesopotamia is believed to have originated as a series of Sumerian legends and poems about a hero-king, which were gathered into a longer Akkadian poem much later?

Top 10 Greatest Epic Poems - Listverse Top 10 Greatest Epic Poems Heroajax July 6, 2008 Modern poets tend to avoid the epic style poetry of the past – but there can be no doubt that many of them were influenced greatly by these poems. This is a selection of the most well known epic poems from before the 20th century. While it is tempting to add the likes of Howl by Ginsberg and modernize the list, it would mean removing at least one of the great epics listed here – so 20th century poetry will be left for another list. 10 Aeneid Virgil The Aeneid is a Latin epic poem written by Virgil in the 1st century BC (between 29 and 19 BC) that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who traveled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Romans. It is written in dactylic hexameter (considered to be the Grand Style of classical poetry). The first six of the poem’s twelve books tell the story of Aeneas’ wanderings from Troy to Italy, and the poem’s second half treats the Trojans’ ultimately victorious war upon the Latins, under whose name Aeneas and his Trojan followers are destined to be subsumed. 9 Don Juan Lord Byron This is a long, digressive satiric poem, based on the legend of Don Juan, which Byron reverses, portraying Juan not as a womaniser but someone easily seduced by women. It is a variation on the epic form. Unlike the more tortured early romantic works by Byron, exemplified by Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, Don Juan has a more humorous, satirical bent. Modern critics generally consider it to be Byron’s masterpiece. The poem was not finished by his death in 1824. Byron managed to complete 16 cantos leaving an unfinished 17th canto before his death. Byron claims that he had no ideas in his mind as to what would happen in subsequent cantos as he wrote his work. When the first two cantos were published anonymously in 1819, the poem was criticised for its “immoral content,” though it was also immensely popular. 8 Paradise Lost John Milton This is an epic poem in blank verse by the 17th-century English poet John Milton. It was originally published in 1667 in ten books; a second edition followed in 1674, redivided into twelve books (in the manner of the division of Virgil’s Aeneid) with minor revisions throughout and a note on the versification. The poem concerns the Judeo-Christian story of the Fall of Man: the temptation of Adam and Eve by Satan and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden. Milton’s purpose, stated in Book I, is “justify the ways of God to men” (Milton 1674, 4:26) and elucidate the conflict between God’s eternal foresight and free will. Milton incorporates Paganism, classical Greek references and Christianity within the story. The poem grapples with many difficult theological issues, including fate, predestination and the Trinity. 7 The Divine Comedy Dante Alighieri This is widely considered the central epic poem of Italian literature and is seen as one of the greatest works of world literature. The poem’s imaginative and allegorical vision of the Christian afterlife is a culmination of the medieval world-view as it had developed in the Western Church. The poem is written in the first person, and tells of Dante’s journey through the three realms of the dead, lasting during the Easter Triduum in the spring of 1300. The Roman poet Virgil guides him through Hell and Purgatory; Beatrice, Dante’s ideal woman, guides him through Heaven. 6 Mah?bh?rata Vyasa With more than 74,000 verses, long prose passages, and about 1.8 million words in total, the Mah?bh?rata is one of the longest epic poems in the world. Including the HarivaM’sa the Mahabharata has a total length of more than 90,000 verses. It is of immense importance to the culture of the Indian subcontinent and is a major text of Hinduism. Its discussion of human goals (artha or purpose, kama or pleasure, dharma or duty and moksha or liberation) takes place in a long-standing tradition, attempting to explain the relationship of the individual to society and the world (the nature of the ‘Self’) and the workings of karma. 5 Beowulf Anonymous This is an Old En


What country would you get to first if you went due West from the port of Bari, Italy?

Italy travel guide - Wikitravel Emergencies dial 112 Two independent mini-states are surrounded entirely by Italy: San Marino and Vatican City . While technically not part of the European Union, both of these states are also part of the Schengen Area and the European Monetary Union (EMU). Apart from different police uniforms, there is no evident transition from these states and Italy's territory, and the currency is the same. Italian is also the official language in both countries. Understand[ edit ] Italy is, for the most part, a peninsula situated on the Mediterranean Sea, bordering France , Switzerland , Austria , and Slovenia in the north. Italy, which is boot-shaped, is surrounded by the Ligurian and the Tyrrhenian Seas to the west, the Mediterranean and Ionian Seas to the South, and the Adriatic Sea to the East. Italian is the official language spoken by the majority of the population, but as you travel throughout the country you will find that there are several distinct Italian dialects depending on the region you're in. French is spoken in the northwest and German in the northeast. Italy has a very diverse landscape, but can be primarily described as mountainous, including the Alps and the Apennines mountain ranges that run through the vast majority of it. Two major islands are part of this country: Sardinia , which is an island off the west coast of Italy, and Sicily , at the southern tip (the "toe") of the boot. History[ edit ] The Pantheon, a huge Roman temple, which is a symbol of the Roman civilization in Italy. Certainly, humans inhabited the Italian peninsula for at least 200,000 years; Neolithic civilisations flourished in prehistoric Italy but were either wiped out, or assimilated, around 2000 BC by a group of Indo-European tribes, which are collectively known as the Italic peoples. These were more or less closely related to each other and comprised tribes such as the Latins, Etruscans, Umbrians, Samnites, Sicels, Ligures, Oscans, just to name a few. The Etruscan civilisation was among the first to rise in the 6th century BC and lasted until the late Republican period; it flourished in what are now northern Lazio , Umbria and Tuscany . In the 8th and 7th centuries BC, Greek colonies were established in Sicily and the southern part of Italy: the Etruscan culture rapidly became influenced by that of Greece. This is well illustrated at some excellent Etruscan museums; Etruscan burial sites are also well worth visiting. Rome itself was dominated by Etruscan kings until 509 BC, when the last of them - Tarquinius Superbus - was ousted from power and the Roman Republic was founded. After a series of wars, the Romans sacked the nearby Etruscan city of Veii in 396 BC; this triggered the collapse of the Etruscan confederation and the Etruscan people themselves began to be assimilated. The Celts settled in what is now Northern Italy, where their civilisation flourished, in the 1st millennium BC and began expanding further south; they made the mistake of sacking Rome in 390 BC and the Romans, hell-bent on revenge, waged wars against them until they were conquered and their people assimilated. Ancient Rome was at first a small village founded around the 8th century BC. In time, its primitive kingdom grew into a republic - which would later evolve into an empire - covering the whole Mediterranean and expanding as far north as Scotland and as far east as Mesopotamia and Arabia. Its steady decline began in the 2nd century AD, and the empire finally broke into two parts in 285 AD: the Western Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire in the East. The western part came under attack from various Germanic tribes; Visigoths sacked Rome in 410AD and their Vandal fellows would follow in 455AD. The Western Roman Empire finally collapsed in 476 AD, and the barbarian chiefs divided the Italian peninsula among themselves; after this, Italy plunged into the so-called Dark Ages. Following a lengthy, and bloody, reconquest by the Byzantines (the so-called "Gothic Wars"), much of Italy was controlled by the Eastern Roman Empire. Needless


What element is named after the sons of the Earth Goddess in Greek mythology?

Titanium»historical information [WebElements Periodic Table] Titanium: historical information Titanium: historical information Titanium was discovered by  William Gregor at 1791 in  England. Origin of name : named after the "Titans", (the sons of the Earth goddess in Greek mythology) Titanium was discovered by the Reverend William Gregor in 1791, who was interested in minerals. He recognized the presence of a new element, now known as titanium, in menachanite, a mineral named after Menaccan in Cornwall (England). Several years later, the element was rediscovered in the ore rutile by a German chemist, Klaproth. The pure elemental metal was not made until 1910 by Matthew A. Hunter, who heated TiCl4 together with sodium in a steel bomb at 700-800°C. WebElements chemistry shop You can buy periodic table posters, mugs, T-shirts, periodic table fridge magnets, games, molecular models, and more at the WebElements periodic table shop