In what year did the Falkands War take place?

30 Years Since the Falklands War - The Atlantic The Atlantic 41 Photos In Focus Next Monday, April 2, will mark the 30th anniversary of the start of the Falklands War -- or, as the Argentinians refer to it, la Guerra de las Malvinas. The Falklands, an Atlantic archipelago 460 km (290 mi) east of Argentina, are the subject of a long-standing dispute between Argentina and the United Kingdom. In 1982, Argentinian junta leader General Leopoldo Galtieri sent 600 troops to take the islands, which then had a population of 1,800 people. The British government was surprised by the attack, but quickly organized a task force and sailed south to retake the territory. A brief but bloody series of battles took place at sea, in the air, and on the ground, ending with a British victory on June 14 -- 74 days after the initial invasion. In all, more than 900 people were killed and more than 2,000 injured. The loss marked the beginning of the end of Galtieri's junta, but not the dispute over the islands. Current president Cristina Fernandez has been ratcheting up pressure on Britain to engage in new talks over what her countrymen call the Malvinas.


Which word, Italian for air, is used to describe a solo song with instrumental accompaniment in opera?

Opera Lingo | English Pocket Opera Company Opera Lingo strict warning: Non-static method view::load() should not be called statically in /home/mloskot/public_html/epoc/sites/all/modules/views/views.module on line 879. strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter::options_validate() should be compatible with views_handler::options_validate($form, &$form_state) in /home/mloskot/public_html/epoc/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_filter.inc on line 589. strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter::options_submit() should be compatible with views_handler::options_submit($form, &$form_state) in /home/mloskot/public_html/epoc/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_filter.inc on line 589. strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter_boolean_operator::value_validate() should be compatible with views_handler_filter::value_validate($form, &$form_state) in /home/mloskot/public_html/epoc/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_filter_boolean_operator.inc on line 149. strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_style_default::options() should be compatible with views_object::options() in /home/mloskot/public_html/epoc/sites/all/modules/views/plugins/views_plugin_style_default.inc on line 25. strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_row::options_validate() should be compatible with views_plugin::options_validate(&$form, &$form_state) in /home/mloskot/public_html/epoc/sites/all/modules/views/plugins/views_plugin_row.inc on line 135. strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_row::options_submit() should be compatible with views_plugin::options_submit(&$form, &$form_state) in /home/mloskot/public_html/epoc/sites/all/modules/views/plugins/views_plugin_row.inc on line 135. Act - a formal subdivision of an opera, indicated as such by the composer, often further subdivided into scenes or tableaux. Aria - Italian word for ‘air’. A song for solo voice with instrumental accompaniment. Auditorium – the area in the theatre, facing the stage, where the audience sit. Bass - the lowest of male voices. Bass-baritone - a male voice which combines the quality of the baritone with the depth of the bass, avoiding the extremes of either range. Basso Buffo - Italian for ‘bass buffoon’. A comedic character sung by a bass, usually singing quick repeated notes in the very low range. Black Light - the theatre technique used by EPOC to make things appear and disappear. (see article on pg 116) Blocking - the moving about of people on stage; in opera rehearsals the stage director creates the patterns of movement that occur while the opera progresses. The process of establishing these patterns is called the blocking. Bravo - the Italian exclamation of approval shouted by audience members at the end of a particularly exciting aria, scene, act or performance. A female performer is accorded ‘brava’ and multiple performers ‘bravi’. The superlative form is ‘bravissimo’. Cadenza - near the end of an aria, a series of difficult, fast high notes. allows the singer to demonstrate vocal ability. Castrato - a male singer whose career as a soprano has been extended beyond puberty by surgical means. The practice of castrating boys so as to provide adult sopranos and contraltos was justified by the Roman Catholic Church interpreting an injunction of St. Paul to the effect that ‘women should keep silent in church.’ Castrati were extremely popular in opera’s early history, especially in countries where women were not allowed to perform in public. Classical - the period in music that comes after the Baroque period and before the Romantic; the dates are roughly 1756 (the year Mozart was born) to 1830 (three years after the death of Beethoven). Coloratura - an elaborate ornamentation of melody; therefore, fast, high singing, with trills and embellishments. The role of the Queen of the Night in The Magic Flute is a famous coloratura role. Countertenor - a high male voice, generally singing within the female contralto or mezzo-soprano range. Crescendo - getting progressively louder. Diminuendo - getting progressively softer. Diva -


From which Asian country did calico originally come?

The First Asian Americans : Asian-Nation :: Asian American History, Demographics, & Issues The First Asian Americans Asians have been in the U.S. for a long time. The history of Asians in the U.S. is the history of dreams, hard work, prejudice, discrimination, persistence, and triumph. Manila Village, USA As presented in the excellent PBS documentary series Ancestors in the Americas , the first Asians to come to the western hemisphere were Chinese Filipinos who settled in Mexico. Eventually, Filipino sailors were the first to settle in the U.S. around 1750 in what would later be Louisiana. Later around 1840, to make up for the shortage of slaves from Africa, the British and Spanish brought over slaves or "coolies" from China, India, and the Philippines to islands in the Caribbean, Peru, Ecuador, and other countries in South America. However, the first large-scale immigration of Asians into the U.S. didn't happen until 1848. Around that time and as you may remember from your history classes, gold was discovered in America. Lured by tales and dreams of making it rich on "Gold Mountain" (which became the Chinese nickname for California), The Gold Rush was one of the pull factors that led many Chinese to come to the U.S. to find their fortune and return home rich and wealthy. Most of these early Chinese workers were from the Guangdong (also called Canton) province in China. However, there were also push factors that drove many to want to leave China. The most important factor was economic hardship due to the growing British dominance over China, after Britain defeated China in the Opium War of 1839-1842. First the Boom, Then the Bust In addition to prospecting for gold in California, many Chinese also came as contract laborers to Hawai'i to work in sugarcane plantations. While in California, Chinese miners experienced their first taste of discrimination in the form of the Foreign Miner Tax. This was supposed to be collected from every foreign miner but in reality, it was only collected from the Chinese, despite the multitude of miners from European countries there as well. When some Chinese miners objected and refused to pay the unfair tax, they were physically attacked and even murdered. Eventually, the Chinese tried to go to court to demand justice and equal treatment but at the time, California's laws prevented Chinese immigrants from testifying against Whites in court. As a result, many murders went unsolved as many murderers went free. As portrayed in the excellent PBS documentary Becoming American - The Chinese Experience , the Chinese also worked as small time merchants, gardeners, domestics, laundry workers, farmers, and starting in 1865, as railroad workers on the famous Transcontinental Railroad project. The project pitted the Union Pacific (working westward from Nebraska) and the Central Pacific (working eastward from Sacramento) against each other for each mile of railroad track laid. At its peak, 9,000 to 12,000 Chinese worked for the Central Pacific in some of the dirtiest and most dangerous jobs (different sources have different estimates on exact numbers). Although there are no official records, some sources claim that up to 1,000 Chinese died during the project as a result of avalanches and explosive accidents as they carved their way through the Sierra Mountains (other sources claim much lower numbers of casualties). Even though the Chinese workers performed virtually all of the hardest, dirtiest, and most dangerous jobs, they were only paid 60% of what European immigrant workers got paid. The Chinese workers actually went on strike for a few days and demanded that they get paid the same amount as the other ethnic groups. Officials of the Central Pacific were able to end the strike and force the Chinese workers back to work by cutting off their food supply and starving them into submission. The project was completed on May 10, 1869 and a famous ceremony was staged where the two railroad lines met in Promontory Summit, Utah (about 20 miles north of Promontory Point). You might have seen the fa


Which fungal disease of trees was first described in the Netherlands?

Dutch elm disease Dutch elm disease D’Arcy,C.J.. 2000. Dutch elm disease. The Plant Health Instructor. DOI: 10.1094/PHI-I-2000-0721-02 Updated 2005. DISEASE: Dutch elm disease PATHOGEN: Ophiostoma species (originally Ophiostoma ulmi and now mainly Ophiostoma novo-ulmi in North America and Europe) HOSTS: Elm (Ulmus species) AUTHOR: Cleora J. D’Arcy, University of Illinois Dutch elm disease owes its name to the fact that its cause was first identified in the Netherlands in 1921. Since then, the disease has been found in much of Europe and North America, and in parts of Asia. The disease affects many species of elm, but the American elm (Ulmus americana), shown in these photos, is particularly susceptible. Symptoms and Signs Dutch elm disease is a vascular wilt disease. The earliest external symptoms of infection are often yellowing and wilting (flagging) of leaves on individual branches (Figure 3). These leaves often turn brown and curl up as the branches die, and eventually the leaves may drop off. Although initially only a part of the tree crown may be affected, symptoms may progress rapidly throughout the crown. Highly susceptible trees often die in a single year, but others may linger for several years. Symptoms progress quickly and death may occur rapidly in trees infected in early spring, while trees infected later in the summer may survive longer. Figure 3 Figure 4 If the bark of infected elm twigs or branches is peeled back, brown discoloration is seen in the outer layer of wood. This discoloration in the xylem actually occurs before the foliar symptoms described above are seen; foliar symptoms result when sap flow ceases in the infected wood. Xylem browning is often discontinuous. In cross section, it appears as a circle of brown dots or a ring (Figure 4). Other wilt diseases of elm, such as Verticillium wilt, also cause sapwood discoloration, so positive diagnosis of Dutch elm disease depends on laboratory culturing and identification of the fungus. The signs (fungal structures) of the Dutch elm disease pathogens are found within infected elm trees, and are described in the Pathogen Biology section. Pathogen Biology The Ophiostoma species that cause Dutch elm disease grow and reproduce only within elms. At times they are parasites, feeding on living tissue of the elm tree; at other times they are saprophytes, getting nourishment from dead elm tissue. Ophiostoma ulmi caused the original Dutch elm disease epidemic in Europe and North America in the mid-1900s. Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, an even more aggressive pathogen of elms, largely replaced O. ulmi during the second half of the 20th century. These fungi spread within stems and roots of living elms both by passive transport of spores and by mycelial growth of colonies initiated by spores that germinate in the xylem. The mycelium of these fungi is creamy white (Figure 5) and is composed of septate hyphae with haploid nuclei. Figure 5 Asexual reproduction Ophiostoma ulmi and O. novo-ulmi have two asexual forms that produce asexual spores called conidia. In the xylem vessels of living elm trees, small, white, oval conidia (Figure 6) are formed in clusters on short mycelial branches. These conidia are carried in the xylem vessels where they reproduce by budding, germinate to produce mycelium, and thus spread the disease throughout the tree. Figure 6 Figure 7 In dying or recently dead trees, conidia (Figure 7) are produced by mycelium growing in the bark and in tunnels created by beetles just under the bark. These sticky conidia are produced at the tips of 1-2 mm tall synnemata. Each synnema consists of hyphae fused to form an erect, dark stalk with a round, nearly colorless head of sticky spores. Beetle vectors carry the sticky spores to new elm trees. Sexual reproduction Based on the structures produced by their sexual stage, the Dutch elm disease pathogens are placed in the ascomycete genus Ophiostoma. When two mating types come in contact, ascospores are produced in spherical, black, long-necked perithecia (Figure 8). Perithecia form in the bark, either singly or in gr


What was the sequel to Lewis Carroll's 'Alice's Adventure in Wonderland?

Lewis Carroll (Author of Alice in Wonderland) Children's , Poetry , Fiction Influences edit data The Reverend Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, better known by the pen name Lewis Carroll, was an English author, mathematician, logician, Anglican clergyman and photographer. His most famous writings are Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequel Through the Looking-Glass as well as the poems "The Hunting of the Snark" and "Jabberwocky", all considered to be within the genre of literary nonsense. Oxford scholar, Church of England Deacon, University Lecturer in Mathematics and Logic, academic author of learned theses, gifted pioneer of portrait photography, colourful writer of imaginative genius and yet a shy and pedantic man, Lewis Carroll stands pre-eminent in the pantheon of inventive literary geniuses. He also has works published under his re The Reverend Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, better known by the pen name Lewis Carroll, was an English author, mathematician, logician, Anglican clergyman and photographer. His most famous writings are Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequel Through the Looking-Glass as well as the poems "The Hunting of the Snark" and "Jabberwocky", all considered to be within the genre of literary nonsense. Oxford scholar, Church of England Deacon, University Lecturer in Mathematics and Logic, academic author of learned theses, gifted pioneer of portrait photography, colourful writer of imaginative genius and yet a shy and pedantic man, Lewis Carroll stands pre-eminent in the pantheon of inventive literary geniuses. He also has works published under his real name. For more information, please see http://www.answers.com/topic/lewis-ca... ...more


Which acrobatic garden bird has the Latin name parus caeruleus?

Blue tit - Wildlife Garden Project Blue tit Blue tit A bright little chap, rather distinctive with predominantly blue and yellow colouration and black trim, tiny stubby bill and medium length tail. The only similar bird in Britain is the blue tit's close cousin the great tit, which is slightly larger with more black markings in its plumage. The blue tit has a bright blue crown (head) bordered white, a white cheek patch below the eye with contrasting black 'face mask', underparts are lemon yellow, wings and tail blue with a green-blue back. The sexes are very similar, males are sometimes fractionally larger than females with slightly brighter or darker plumage. Image via Wikipedia Call & Song: Has a wide variety of fine and clear call and song notes. Song is two drawn out high-pitched notes followed by a longer lower-pitched trill ('tsee-tsee si-surrrrr'), call series of varied fast sharp high-pitched notes (e.g. 'tsee-tsee-tsee-tsit'), alarm call irritated scolding notes. Latin name: Parus caeruleus Size: 10 ½ – 12cm (from bill to tip of tail) Overview This is a very abundant and successful species. A familiar bird full of character and attitude, packing a lot of charm, noise and energy in a small bundle of feathers! The blue tit is a common and widespread year-round resident of woodland, parks and gardens in Britain and Europe. It is a lively acrobatic little bird, often to be seen zipping from branch to branch or hanging upside-down in its constant quest for breakfast or supper. They can also be rather balshy and defensive little mites and don't easily tolerate other birds, especially other blue tits or great tits, in their territory – often aggressively chasing them off.... a diminutive neighbour from hell! They nest in naturally-occurring tree cavities or nest-boxes, and lay anything from 8 to 16 eggs which are off-white with feint brown speckles. Blue tits are mainly insectivores eating all manner or tiny insects and other invertebrates. Small moth larvae (caterpillars) are a vital food source for hungry growing chicks in summer, both parents feeding the young. Blue tits are usually seen individually, in pairs or small family groups. In The Garden This is one of the most frequent avian visitors to our gardens. It is a regular visitor to well-stocked bird tables and can often be seen showing-off it's agility and acrobatic skills when hanging upside-down on feeders or fat balls! They are charming and entertaining birds to watch. Blue tits will be attracted to your garden if it has shrubs, trees or anywhere with nooks and crevices to poke about in for skulking invertebrate prey. They are also partial to beef fat, sunflower seeds and the high fat and protein content of peanuts. The blue tit is a help to any gardener when eating potential pests. Blue tits are well known for happily accepting man-made nest-boxes as nest sites in the absence of natural tree holes, and if you have a nest-box in your garden there is a good chance a blue tit will use it. Why not have a go at making your own nest-box to attract these birds to nest in your garden? (see video “How to Make a Nest-box”) Image by Crowcombe Al via Flickr Did You Know...? In Britain blue tits in the south usually have only one brood of chicks per season, whereas birds living in the north often manage two broods due to the longer day length in summer months. In some parts of Britain blue tits developed a taste for the cream at the top of milk bottles on doorsteps, making themselves unwelcome guests at breakfast time by pecking through the foil cap to pinch the cream for their own tea and cornflakes!


To which dramatist was the actress Anne Bracegirdle mistress?

William Congreve Biography - eNotes.com William Congreve Biography Homework Help William Congreve Biography William Congreve is the source of the often-quoted words, “Heaven has no rage like love to hatred turned, Nor hell a fury like a woman scorned.” Congreve was a playwright who had one of literature’s shortest careers. He wrote only five plays and all by the age of thirty. However, as public sentiments changed, his audiences began to find his plays immoral. After receiving a few scathing reviews and discovering that the public’s fickle taste was turning away from the Restoration comedies he specialized in, Congreve turned to a life in politics. Though he is not remembered for his later writings, he continued to write, but instead of plays he wrote translations and poetry. In addition to his writing, Congreve is also remembered for his many notable affairs, including one with the duchess Henrietta Godolphin. Congreve’s health was poor near the end of his life, and he died from injuries sustained during a carriage accident. The play The Way of the World remains his most enduring work. Facts and Trivia Despite being only fifty-nine when he died in 1729, Congreve suffered from both gout and cataracts. He was lifelong friends with Jonathan Swift, whom he met at Kilkenny College. Most of the leading roles in Congreve’s plays were written for his mistress at the time, Anne Bracegirdle. In Congreve's day, female roles in plays were beginning to be predominantly played by women, rather than men. There was another famous British man named William Congreve. Sir William Congreve, an inventor and rocket pioneer, was born in 1772 and died in 1828. Many writers and critics assert that the wit and brilliance of language in Congreve’s plays have only been surpassed by a later author, Oscar Wilde. Near the end of his life, Congreve received a visit from the French writer and philosopher Voltaire, whom Congreve annoyed when he said that he didn’t wish to be treated as a famous author, just a plain and simple gentleman. Voltaire describes his reaction in Letters Concerning the English Nation: “I answered that had he been so unfortunate as to be a mere gentleman, I should never have come to see him.” Though Way of the World is his most well-known work, at the time of its production, it was a big failure. His most popular play in his own life time, The Mourning Bride, is now one of his most obscure works. link Link William Congreve was born on January 24, 1670, at Bardsey, Yorkshire, England. In 1674, his father, also named William, received a lieutenant’s commission to serve in Ireland, and the family moved to the garrison of Youghal. In 1678, the elder William was transferred to Carrickfergus, another Irish port, and again, the family accompanied him. Congreve’s knowledge of port life may have contributed to his depiction of the sailor, Ben, in Love for Love; Ben’s use of nautical terms demonstrates the playwright’s familiarity with this jargon. When the elder Congreve joined the regiment of the duke of Ormond at Kilkenny in 1681, his son was able to enroll in Kilkenny College, which was free to all families who served the duke. Here, Congreve received his first formal education and his first exposure to the high society that gathered around the wealthy duke of Ormond. After spending four and a half years at Kilkenny, Congreve entered Trinity College, Dublin (April 5, 1686), where he had the same tutor as Jonathan Swift, Saint George Ashe. The theater in Smock Alley, Dublin, was at this period being run by Joseph Ashbury, who, like Congreve’s father, served under the duke of Ormond. Congreve may already have known Ashbury before coming to Trinity College, and Congreve’s frequent absences from college on Saturday afternoons suggest that he was spending his time at the theater. Here, he would have seen a fine sampling of contemporary drama and could have begun to learn those dramatic conventions that he perfected in his own works. In 1688, James II fled to Ireland. Perhaps fearing a massacre of Protestants in retaliation for their support


What was the stage name of the American-born operatic soprano Maria Kalageropoulos?

Maria Callas - Singer - Biography.com Maria Callas Maria Anna Sofia Cecilia Kalogeropoulos Originally The internationally renowned Maria Callas captivated audiences with her iconic opera performances, showing off her vocal range in productions like 'Tosca' and 'Norma.' IN THESE GROUPS » quotes “I am not an angel and do not pretend to be. That is not one of my roles. But I am not the devil either. I am a woman and a serious artist, and I would like so to be judged.” “An opera begins long before the curtain goes up and ends long after it has come down. It starts in my imagination, it becomes my life, and it stays part of my life long after I've left the opera house.” “Hissing from the gallery is part of the scene. It is a hazard of the battlefield. Opera is a battlefield, and it must be accepted.” “I will always be as difficult as necessary to achieve the best.” “To me, the art of music is magnificent, and I cannot bear to see it treated in a shabby way. When it is respected and when the artists who serve it are respected, I will work hard and always give my best ... I do not want to be associated with inferior staging, taste, conducting or singing.” Maria Callas Maria Callas - Full Episode (TV-14; 38:14) The full biography of opera diva Maria Callas. Synopsis Maria Callas was born in New York City in 1923. She made her professional debut with the Royal Opera of Athens in Boccaccio, and soon won her first major role with Tosca. Eventually garnering international acclaim, Callas made her Italian opera debut at the Verona Arena in 1947, later followed by her 1954 American debut in Norma. During the 1960s, the quality and frequency of her performances waned. On September 16, 1977, Callas died in Paris of a heart attack. Background and Early Life American opera singer Maria Callas was born Cecilia Sophia Anna Maria Kalogeropoulos in New York City on December 2, 1923, a date confirmed by the attending physician for the delivery and what is believed to be her birth certificate. (Over the years, discrepancies and confusion have arisen concerning Callas's birth date. Callas herself, along with school records, had stated she was born on the 3rd while her mother had claimed the 4th.) Her parents, George and Evangelia, were Greek immigrants who eventually shortened their last name to Callas by the time of Maria's christening. Callas began taking classical piano lessons when she was 7 years old. Though overshadowed by her older sister Jackie, who was seen as beautiful and charismatic, Callas proved adept at singing music with dramatic flair, with her mother pushing her on to pursue a vocal career. In 1937, when Callas was a teen, her parents separated and she, her mother and her sister moved back to Greece. In Athens, Callas studied voice under Elvira de Hidalgo at a famed conservatory. As a student, Callas made her stage debut in 1939 in a school production of Cavalleria Rusticana. For her dazzling performance in the role of Santuzza, she was honored by the conservatory. Opera Career In 1941, Callas made her professional debut with the Royal Opera of Athens in a modest role in Franz von Suppé's Boccaccio. Later in the year, she took on her first major role in Tosca. During World War II, Callas struggled to find roles. In the mid-1940s, she moved back to New York to spend time with her father and look for work, but experienced a number of rejections. She eventually moved to Verona, where she met rich industrialist Giovanni Meneghini. The two married n 1949. Callas's Italian opera debut took place at the Verona Arena in August 1947, in a performance of La Gioconda. Over the next few years, under the management of her husband, Callas continued to perform in Florence and Verona to critical acclaim. Though her voice captivated audiences, as her fame increased, Callas developed a reputation as a temperamental, demanding diva and was nicknamed "The Tigress." Fiercely resilient, Callas said of audience members' jeers, "Hissing from the gallery is part of the scene. It is a hazard of the battlefield. Opera is a battlefield, and it must be


Which breed of dog, bred for hare coursing and racing, can reach speeds of over 40mph?

RACE THE WIND 9 - Greyhound Race Track (USA) • Sighthound Dog Galgo Windhund - YouTube RACE THE WIND 9 - Greyhound Race Track (USA) • Sighthound Dog Galgo Windhund Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Oct 13, 2014 complete Playlist on YouTube: RACE the WIND # non profit DOG SPORT & SIGHTHOUND MOTION # Sighthounds Greyhounds Galgos Lévriers Levrieri Lebreles Windhunde Windhonden Борзые Charty Agarak Lurchers Dogs RACE THE WIND 9 # Greyhound Race Track (USA) Sighthound Galgo Dog The Greyhound is a very old European breed of dog, a sighthound which has been historically bred for coursing game and latterly Greyhound racing. Since the rise in large scale adoption of retired racing Greyhounds, particularly in North America from the end of the 20th century, it has seen a resurgence in popularity as a family pet. It is a gentle and intelligent breed whose combination of long, powerful legs, deep chest, flexible spine and slim build allows it to reach average race speeds in excess of 64 kilometres per hour (40 mph). The Greyhound can reach a full speed of 70 kilometres per hour (43 mph) within 30 metres or six strides from the boxes, traveling at almost 20 metres per second for the first 250 metres of a race. There are few mammals that can accelerate faster over a short distance, such as the cheetah, which can reach speeds of 109 kilometres per hour (68 mph) over 3-4 strides from a standing start, and pronghorn with an alleged top speed of 93 kilometres per hour (58 mph). The Greyhound is not an aggressive dog, as some may believe due to muzzles worn during racing. Muzzles are worn to prevent injuries resulting from dogs nipping one another during or immediately after a race, when the 'hare' has disappeared out of sight and the dogs are no longer racing but still excited. The thin skin of the Greyhound can tear easily from a small nick from teeth, so even a minor skirmish can result in stitches and time out from racing. Greyhounds with a high prey drive occasionally wear muzzles outside the racetrack; owners aware that their Greyhound has a high tendency to chase small prey will protect the prey by applying the muzzle. Contrary to popular belief, adult Greyhounds do not need extended periods of daily exercise, as they are bred for sprinting rather than endurance. Greyhound puppies that have not been taught how to utilize their energy, however, can be hyperactive and destructive if not given an outlet, and they require more experienced handlers. Hare coursing: The original primary use of Greyhounds, both in the British Isles and on the Continent of Europe, was in the coursing of deer. Later, they specialized in competition hare coursing. Some Greyhounds today are still used for coursing, although artificial lure sports like lure coursing and racing are far more common and popular. However, many breeders of racing Greyhounds argue that coursing is still important. This is the case particularly in Ireland, where many of the world’s leading breeders are based. A bloodline that has produced a champion on the live hare coursing field is often crossed with track lines in order to keep the early pace (e.g. speed over first 100 yards), which Greyhounds are renowned for, prominent in the line. Many of the leading sprinters over 300 yards to 550 yards have bloodlines traceable back through Irish sires within a few generations that won events such as the Irish Coursing Derby or the Irish Cup. The majority of pure-bred Greyhounds are whelped in Ireland. Researching via Greyhound data websites will note coursing champions within a few generations in the pedigree of track racing champions. Greyhound racing: Until the early twentieth century, Greyhounds were principally bred and trained for hunting and coursing. During the 1920s, modern Greyhound racing was introduced into the United States and England (Belle Vue Sta


Which hard dark wood is traditionally used for the black keys on a piano?

Ebony - definition of ebony by The Free Dictionary Ebony - definition of ebony by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ebony Also found in: Thesaurus , Encyclopedia , Wikipedia . eb·on·y n. pl. eb·on·ies 1. Any of various tropical Asian or African trees of the genus Diospyros. 2. The wood of such a tree, especially the hard black heartwood of D. ebenum or certain other species, used in cabinetwork and inlaying and for piano keys. 3. The hard dark wood of various other trees. 4. The color black; ebon. adj. 1. Made of or suggesting ebony. 2. Black in color. [Probably from Middle English hebenyf, ebony wood, from alteration of Late Latin hebeninus, of ebony, from Greek ebeninos, from ebenos, ebony tree, from Egyptian hbny.] ebony (ˈɛbənɪ) n, pl -onies 1. (Plants) any of various tropical and subtropical trees of the genus Diospyros, esp D. ebenum of S India, that have hard dark wood: family Ebenaceae. See also persimmon 2. (Plants) the wood of such a tree, much used for cabinetwork 3. (Colours) a. a black colour, sometimes with a dark olive tinge b. (as adjective): an ebony skin. [C16 hebeny, from Late Latin ebeninus from Greek ebeninos, from ebenos ebony, of Egyptian origin] eb•on•y n., pl. -on•ies, adj. n. 1. a hard, heavy, durable, dark wood from tropical trees of the African and Asian genus Diospyros, of the ebony family, used for cabinetwork, ornamental objects, etc. 2. any tree yielding such wood. 3. a deep, lustrous black. adj. 5. of a deep, lustrous black. [1590–1600; earlier hebeny; see ebon ; -y perhaps after ivory ] ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend: black , blackness , inkiness - the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white) 2. ebony - hard dark-colored heartwood of the ebony tree; used in cabinetwork and for piano keys Diospyros ebenum , ebony tree , ebony - tropical tree of southern Asia having hard dark-colored heartwood used in cabinetwork wood - the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees 3. Diospyros , genus Diospyros - a genus of trees or shrubs that have beautiful and valuable wood ebony - hard dark-colored heartwood of the ebony tree; used in cabinetwork and for piano keys tree - a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms Adj. achromatic , neutral - having no hue; "neutral colors like black or white" ebony adjective black , dark , jet , raven , sable , pitch-black , jet-black , inky , swarthy , coal-black He had rich, soft ebony hair. see shades from black to white ebony modif [box, cabinet] → en ébène , d'ébène adj (= dark) [skin] → d'ébène e-book ebook [ˈiːbʊk] n → livre m électronique ebony adj colour → schwarz wie Ebenholz ; material → aus Ebenholz ; hair, face → ebenholzfarben ebony ebony (ˈebəni) 1. noun, adjective (of) a type of wood, usually black and almost as heavy and hard as stone. ébano eebenpuu kayu hitam, eboni 흑단 ebbenhout , ebbenhouten ابنوس ไม้มะเกลือ 黑檀木 乌木，黑檀 2. adjective black as ebony. ébano pikimusta hitam 흑단제의 zwart als ebbenhout تور لکه ابنوس สีดำ 烏黑的 似乌木的 Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: cocuswood References in classic literature ? I should choose this if I might," replied Amy, looking with great admiration at a string of gold and ebony beads from which hung a heavy cross of the same. View in context Black Sam, as he was commonly called, from his being about three shades blacker than any other son of ebony on the place, was revolving the matter profoundly in all its phases and bearings, with a comprehensiveness of vision and a strict lookout to his own personal well-being, that would have done credit to any white patriot in Washington. View in context There was something ascetic in her look, which was augmented by the extreme plainness of a straight-skirted, black, stuff dress, a starched linen collar, hair combed away from the temples, and the nun-like orname


Which Catholic missionary and Nobel laureate died in 1997?

Mother Teresa - Facts Mother Teresa The Nobel Peace Prize 1979 Mother Teresa Born: 26 August 1910, Uskup (now Skopje), Ottoman Empire (now Republic of Macedonia) Died: 5 September 1997, Calcutta, India Residence at the time of the award: India Role: Leader of Missionaries of Charity, Calcutta Field: humanitarian work Prize share: 1/1 Saint in the Gutter - and Saint in Heaven? At the age of twelve, the Catholic Albanian girl Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu heard a call. God demanded that she devote her life to Him. She entered a nunnery, received an education, and was sent to Calcutta in India to be a teacher. Her new name was Teresa. In India she received a second call from God: to help the poor while living among them. She founded a new sisterhood, Missionaries of Charity. Mother Teresa and her helpers built homes for orphans, nursing homes for lepers and hospices for the terminally ill in Calcutta. Mother Teresa's organization also engaged in aid work in other parts of the world. The modest nun became known all over the world, and money poured in. But she was also criticized. It was alleged that dying people in the hospices were refused pain relief, whereas Mother Teresa herself accepted hospital treatment. She also held a conservative view on abortion. She was regarded as a spokesperson for the Vatican. In 2003, the Pope took the first step towards her canonization. Copyright © The Norwegian Nobel Institute Share this:


What is the largest cemetery in the United States?

10 Biggest Graveyards around the World | Top 10s 10 Biggest Graveyards around the World Country: United Kingdom Village: Brookwood Brookwood Cemetery was established by London Necropolis Company. It is the largest cemetery in the United Kingdom and the 2nd largest in the Europe. Brookwood Cemetery is situated about 30 miles south-west of London and between woking, Guildford and Aldershot. The Brookwood Railway Station is next to the Brookwood Cemetery, trains pass beside the cemetery directly from Brookwood to Waterloo Railway Station. 9: Crown Hill Cemetery Country: United State City: Indianapolis Crown Hill Cemetery is one of the largest private cemeteries in the United State. It is situated on the highest geographical point of the Indianapolis city. This cemetery has 10 sections, and because of its beautiful location it becomes the most popular place for tourists. 8: Arlington National Cemetery Country: United State City: Arlington County Arlington National Cemetery is the most famous military cemetery of the United State. Every year more than four million people visit Arlington National Cemetery. Arlington National Cemetery is one of the oldest cemeteries of united state, was established during world war. The cemetery is divided into 70 sections and has many monuments of famous personalities of the United State. 7: Spring Grove Cemetery Country: United State City: Cincinnati Spring Grove Cemetery is one of the largest cemeteries in the United State, located in Spring Grove Avenue, Cincinnati. This cemetery was founded by Stephen Page in 1845. The first burial took place on 1st September 1945. Numbers of visitors came to visit Spring Grove Cemetery every year. This cemetery has 12 ponds, numbers of beautiful tombstones and memorials, and various examples of Gothic Revival architecture. 6: Rookwood Cemetery Country: Australia City: Sydney Rookwood Cemetery is the largest Victorian cemetery in the world. It is the multi cultural cemetery and divided into five religious and operational areas with separate offices, staff, and equipment to run different parts of the entire area. General Cemetery Trusts, the Catholic Cemeteries Board, the Independent Cemetery Trust, Jewish Cemetery Trust, Muslim Cemetery Trust. Each trust is responsible for the maintenance and care of a number of graves in their own section. 5: Karacaahmet Cemetery Country: Turkey City: Istanbul Karacaahmet Cemetery is the largest cemetery in Turkey, located in Uskudar, on the Asian side of Istanbul. This cemetery consists in 12 sections, each section dedicated to different religious groups. Karacaahmet Cemetery named in the honor of warrior the Karaca Ahmet Sultan, whose highly adored tomb is here. This cemetery also has many other historical tombs with inscriptions in the Ottoman Turkish alphabet. The burial ground is covered with high cypress trees and no space left for more burials. 4: Ohlsdof Cemetery Country: Germany City: Hamburg Ohlsdof Cemetery is the largest cemetery of Germany and the 4th largest of the world. About 40% of all burial of Hamburg bury in Ohlsdof Cemetery. Ohlsdof Cemetery has a reconciliation area and the museum to raise public interest and for promote the historical funeral culture. About 2 million people visit this cemetery from around the world. 3: Abraham Lincoln National Cemetery Area: 982 Acres Country: United State City: Ellwood Abraham Lincoln National Cemetery is named after the 16th president of United State and founder of the national cemetery system. In 1999, this cemetery was dedicated as the 117th national cemetery of United State. Abraham Lincoln National Cemetery has a memorial walkway, in the honor of soldiers who lost their lives in 20th century war. This cemetery also has a public information center. 2: Calverton National Cemetery


Who starred as unconventional English teacher John Keating in the 1989 film Dead Poets Society?

Dead Poets Society Movie Review (1989) | Roger Ebert Tweet "Dead Poets Society" is a collection of pious platitudes masquerading as a courageous stand in favor of something: doing your own thing, I think. It's about an inspirational, unconventional English teacher and his students at "the best prep school in America" and how he challenges them to question conventional views by such techniques as standing on their desks. It is, of course, inevitable that the brilliant teacher will eventually be fired from the school, and when his students stood on their desks to protest his dismissal, I was so moved, I wanted to throw up. Advertisement Peter Weir's film makes much noise about poetry, and there are brief quotations from Tennyson, Herrick, Whitman and even Vachel Lindsay, as well as a brave excursion into prose that takes us as far as Thoreau's Walden. None of these writers are studied, however, in a spirit that would lend respect to their language; they're simply plundered for slogans to exort the students toward more personal freedom. At the end of a great teacher's course in poetry, the students would love poetry; at the end of this teacher's semester, all they really love is the teacher. The movie stars Robin Williams as the mercurial John Keating, teacher of English at the exclusive Welton Academy in Vermont. The performance is a delicate balancing act between restraint and schtick. For much of the time, Williams does a good job of playing an intelligent, quick-witted, well-read young man. But then there are scenes in which his stage persona punctures the character - as when he does impressions of Marlon Brando and John Wayne doing Shakespeare. Advertisement There is also a curious lack of depth to his character compared with such other great movie teachers as Miss Jean Brodie and Professor Kingsfield. Keating is more of a plot device than a human being. The story is also old stuff, recycled out of the novel and movie " A Separate Peace " and other stories in which the good die young and the old simmer in their neurotic and hateful repressions. The key conflict in the movie is between Neil ( Robert Sean Leonard ), a student who dreams of being an actor, and his father ( Kurtwood Smith ), who orders his son to become a doctor and forbids him to go onstage. The father is a strict, unyielding taskmaster, and the son, lacking the will to defy him, kills himself. His death would have had a greater impact for me if it had seemed like a spontaneous human cry of despair, rather than like a meticulously written and photographed set piece. Other elements in the movie also seem to have been chosen for their place in the artificial jigsaw puzzle. A teenage romance between one of the Welton students and a local girl is given so little screen time, so arbitrarily, that it seems like a distraction. And I squirmed through the meetings of the "Dead Poets Society," a self-consciously bohemian group of students who hold secret meetings in the dead of night in a cave near the campus. Advertisement The society was founded by Keating when he was an undergraduate, but in its reincarnate form it never generates any sense of mystery, rebellion or daring. The society's meetings have been badly written and are dramatically shapeless, featuring a dance line to Lindsay's "The Congo" and various attempts to impress girls with random lines of poetry. The movie is set in 1959, but none of these would-be bohemians have heard of Kerouac, Ginsberg or indeed of the beatnik movement. One scene in particular indicates the distance between the movie's manipulative instincts and what it claims to be about. When Keating is being railroaded by the school administration (which makes him the scapegoat for his student's suicide), one of the students acts as a fink and tells the old fogies what they want to hear. Later, confronted by his peers, he makes a hateful speech of which not one word is plausible except as an awkward attempt to supply him with a villain's dialogue. Then one of the other boys hits him in the jaw, to great applause from the audience. The who


Who wrote children's stories Little Lord Fauntleroy and The Secret Garden?

Frances Hodgson Burnett | American author | Britannica.com Frances Hodgson Burnett Alternative Title: Frances Eliza Hodgson Frances Hodgson Burnett Frances Hodgson Burnett, née Frances Eliza Hodgson (born Nov. 24, 1849, Manchester , Eng.—died Oct. 29, 1924, Plandome, N.Y., U.S.), American playwright and author who wrote the popular novel Little Lord Fauntleroy . Frances Hodgson Burnett. Frances Hodgson grew up in increasingly straitened circumstances after the death of her father in 1854. In 1865 the family immigrated to the United States and settled in New Market , near Knoxville , Tennessee, where the promise of support from a maternal uncle failed to materialize. In 1868 Hodgson managed to place a story with Godey’s Lady’s Book . Within a few years she was being published regularly in Godey’s, Peterson’s Ladies’ Magazine, Scribner’s Monthly, and Harper’s. In 1873, after a year’s visit to England , she married Dr. Swan Moses Burnett of New Market (divorced 1898). Burnett’s first novel, That Lass o’ Lowrie’s, which had been serialized in Scribner’s, was published in 1877. Like her short stories, the book combined a remarkable gift for realistic detail in portraying scenes of working-class life—unusual in that day—with a plot consisting of the most romantic and improbable of turns. After moving with her husband to Washington, D.C., Burnett wrote the novels Haworth’s (1879), Louisiana (1880), A Fair Barbarian (1881), and Through One Administration (1883), as well as a play , Esmeralda (1881), written with actor-playwright William Gillette. In 1886 Burnett’s most famous and successful book appeared. First serialized in St. Nicholas magazine, Little Lord Fauntleroy was intended as a children’s book, but it had its greatest appeal to mothers. It established the main character’s long curls (based on her son Vivian’s) and velvet suit with lace collar (based on Oscar Wilde’s attire) as a mother’s model for small boys , who generally hated it. The book sold more than half a million copies, and Burnett’s income was increased by her dramatized version, which quickly became a repertory standard on the order of Uncle Tom’s Cabin. In 1888 she won a lawsuit in England over the dramatic rights to Little Lord Fauntleroy, establishing a precedent that was incorporated into British copyright law in 1911. Her later books include Sara Crewe (1888), dramatized as The Little Princess (1905), and The Secret Garden (1909), both of which were also written for children. The Lady of Quality (1896) has been considered the best of her other plays. These, like most of her 40-odd novels, stress sentimental, romantic themes. In 1893 she published a memoir of her youth, The One I Knew Best of All. From the mid-1890s she lived mainly in England, but in 1909 she built a house in Plandome, Long Island , New York , where she died in 1924. Her son Vivian Burnett, the model for Little Lord Fauntleroy, wrote a biography of her in 1927 entitled The Romantick Lady. Learn More in these related articles:


Which Scottish town is the administrative centre of the Highland Region?

The Scottish Administrative Region of Highland The Scottish Administrative Region of Highland Highland Arms The Armorial Bearings (Arms) of the Region of Highland   Adjust the Highland map using    controls or drag with mouse Map Centre Position: Lat , Long . Map Zoom Level: - Icon Help   (The external website above will open in a    new window)   Population and area summary of the Region of Highland   The Region of Highland is    located in Highland Region of Scotland, it    covers an administrative area of 26,106Km² and in    2001 was home to a population of    213,590 persons, that represents 4.22%    of that of Scotland and 0.00% of the    population of the entire United Kingdom.   More detailed information including visitor    attractions and event venues in Highland is    available on this site by following the links below to the    Boroughs and/or Districts or follow this link to select a different Region .   Boroughs/Districts of the Region of Highland Unitary Authorities and Metropolitan Areas may be displayed here as they are    locations are historically associated with this county/region. Unitary    Authorities and Metropolitan Areas are however self-governing and are no    longer responsible to the County/Regional Administration. Areas   Historical notes about The Scottish Administrative Region of Highland The geographic division between the highlands and the central lowlands, often referred to as ‘The Highland Line’ is to be taken as the straight line drawn between Dumbarton on the Clyde in the south west, and Stonehaven , south of Aberdeen , on the east coast to the north east. Everything to the north west of this line is geographically in the Highlands, although it must be said at once that every inhabitant is not a Highlander. Except for a brief pocket in towards Inverness, the entire coastal strip from Stonehaven to the Pentland Firth, and the island groups of Orkney and Shetland , are inhabited by people who – oddly, in a world so populous with those who claim clan ancestry – will not be flattered to be called Highland. Here the Norse settlements were thick and racial traces are left – although perhaps not so plentifully as is believed. One nobleman, who was distinguished Glasgow lawyer, took such pride in his supposed Viking ancestry that he wrote a book on the Norse element in the Scots stock. Early in his research, as had to be admitted in a foreword, it had become obvious that if others could claim Norse blood in their veins there was none in his. Though there is a community sense within the larger area, Orcadians do not even regard themselves as Scots, and describe crossing the Pentland Firth as ‘going to Scotland’. Preserving this sentiment, the name of their largest island in Mainland. Other differences are of a more practical character. Orkney is probably the most efficient rural unit, in co-operation and progressive enterprise, in the entire area which we are calling the Highlands and Islands, if not in Britain. While Aberdeen, darling exhibit of the planners, leads our cities in civic planning. From one end to the other of its full length this ‘region’ measures a full 450 miles. Within it, the point of Mull of Kintyre is nearer to the coast of France than it is to Unst in Shetland. On the mainland Line, Dumbarton was the scene of one of the reputed battles fought by Arthur, who makes so many versatile appearances in British legend. It was well known to the Romans, who probably fortified the height where there are still antique ramparts dominating the only Clyde shipyards which our arbitrary Line has been able to capture. The areas only other shipyards on the large scale are at Aberdeen. From here the Line slices through five counties – skipping first past the south end of Loch Lomond and into the great plain of Stirling , where the mountains begin. Here in the loops of the River Forth is some of the best agricultural land in Scotland – carse land – estuarine clays – yielding immense grain crops. This is the


Which English prison reformer campaigned for the improvement of conditions at Newgate in the early 19th century?

Jubilee Campaign Child prisoners in Victorian times and the heroes of change Articles In 1845 an eight-year-old boy was brought to trial at the August sessions in Clerkenwell near St.Pancras.  His name was Thomas Miller and he had been caught ‘stealing boxes’. For this crime the boy was sentenced to a month in jail – and he was whipped.  In fairness it has to be said that in Victorian England there were only a few children under the age of 10 in prison, though the number of young criminals in jail aged more than 10 rises steeply.  In the early years of the century all criminals were more or less thrown together in the common jail regardless of crime or age.  But change was in the air and concern was rising over the rapid increase of petty crime.  The first significant move came in 1823, when laws were introduced that provided separate lock-ups for those awaiting trial and the convicted and hardened criminals. Then it was recognized that a distinction should be made between the habitual and the casual criminal.  Separate prisons were designated.  We must assume that Thomas spent his month in the company of other casual criminals awaiting trial and not with the hardened convicts.  Sadly, four months after his release he was back in court for robbing a till, and it came to the notice of the judge that he had been in trouble before, so the leniency given to casual criminals was waived and he was sentenced to 7 years' transportation.  This meant that he would be removed to a special prison, possibly one of the notorious hulks moored off the south coast of England, to await shipping to Australia ‘at his Majesty’s pleasure’. The punishment of transportation had been resumed by Act of Parliament in 1784, ‘to any place beyond the seas, either within or without the British dominions, as his Majesty might appoint’.  Two years later an order was published fixing the eastern coast of Australia as the future penal colonies.  The first band of transports left England for Botany Bay – and so the colony of New South Wales was founded.  Within 50 years 100,000 had been transported to Australia – some 2000 a year. Thomas was never sent to Australia.  His sentence was commuted to 3 more months in prison.  For the next four years he was in and out of prison,  avoiding deportation twice and spending many months behind bars in the company of hardened criminals.  The records lose sight of him after his conviction of June1852, ‘when he was sentenced, under the Larceny Act, to be whipped and imprisoned 2 days. He is now only 12 years of age, and not more than 4 feet 2 inches in height.’ The curse of poverty For the distance of time it is hard to imagine the state of London in the nineteenth century, before the motorcar or the railways, before the sewage system was built, before national health and guaranteed pensions, before the minimum wage.  In 1872 Hippolyte Taine remarked that he recalled ‘the lanes which open off Oxford Street, stifling alleys thick with human effluvia, troops of pale children crouching on filthy staircases; the street benches at London Bridge where all night whole families huddle close, heads hanging, shaking with cold…abject, miserable poverty.’  Peter Ackroyd adds his comment: ‘In a city based upon money and power, those who are moneyless and powerless are peculiarly oppressed.’ It was the poverty, filth and squalour that drove many to crime – crime to brighten the darkness of life and to provide the means to survive. Many among the poor knew no other profession and the skills were handed down from father to son.  And society responded with a severity that often failed to discern the root of the problem – locking away the luckless criminals or deporting them to a far away land.  A cell within a cell John Garwood of the newly formed London City Mission, writing in 1853, expresses his distress over the number of children in jail: ‘The collecting of the prisoners for Divine service almost resembles the collecting of children to their school.  This is undoubtedly the most affecting sight which a prison reveals. The writer ha


To which genus of plants does the snapdragon belong?

Snapdragon - CreationWiki, the encyclopedia of creation science Snapdragon A. bellidifolium (lilac snapdragon) A. majus (garden snapdragon) [1] Snapdragons are a number of species of ornamental flowering plants that belong to the taxonomic genus Antirrhinum. They are mostly found in the Mediterranean region, but Old World and New World species are identified. [2] There are three genes that control the coloration in the snapdragons: ROSEA, ELUTA, and SULFUREA. ROSEA and ELUTA control the brightness and pattern of anthocyanin , the magenta pigment. SULFUREA controls how the yellow aurone pigment is distributed. [3] By pressing the blossom of the snapdragon between your thumb and finger, you can make it open like a dragon's mouth; this is how the term "snapdragon" was coined. [4] Contents Anatomy Description The snapdragon has a large, flowered head that is fragrant and diversely colored. The vertical "spike-shaped" flowers open from the bottom and are widest at the top. The dwarf snapdragon can grow to be around ten inches tall and the average snapdragon can be around eighteen to twenty-four inches tall. [5] The body of the snapdragon is made up of eleven parts: Upper lip, stigma, anthers, filaments, style, sepal, staminodium, ovary, bract, gibba, and the bump. [6] By pressing the blossom between your thumb and finger, you can make it open like a dragon's mouth; this coined the term "snapdragon" [7] Ecology Description Snapdragons have been put into two categories: Old World and New World species. There is about twenty Old World species in the category "Antirrhinum majus". Most of them grow in the western part of the Mediterranean region. They are mainly on the Iberian Peninsula. There are two to six species in the section Orontium. It includes the Lesser snapdragon and it is also located near the Mediterranean. They are often put in the genus "Misopates." The third section is Saerorhinum. It has sixteen New World species. It is mostly made up of annuals. Snapdragons are also used in botanical research. [8] Reproduction Snapdragons are "annuals". This means that they bloom only once a year. [9] grow from very small seeds. It generally takes about three weeks for the seeds to germinate. It is advised to plant them around six weeks before the last frost. [10] The snapdragons in yellow and magenta are reproduced most often. There are three genes that control the coloration in the snapdragons: ROSEA, ELUTA, and SULFUREA. ROSEA and ELUTA control the brightness and pattern of anthocyanin, the magenta pigment. SULFUREA controls how the yellow aurone pigment is distributed. [11] Gardening Basics Snapdragons come in colors of: white, yellow, burgundy, red, pink, and a brownish-bronze color. Plant them in "well drained", rich soil that has a lot of "organic matter." Snapdragons grow best in full sunlight. If you are planting the tall snapdragons, plant them about twelve inches apart. For the smaller type, plant about six inches apart. If you pinch the tips of the young plants, they will be more likely to branch off. Germination takes about eight full days of seventy degree Fahrenheit weather. If you want the snapdragons to bloom early, plant the seeds indoors six to eight weeks before the outdoor planting season. [12]


Which unsuccessful plot of 1820 was led by Arthur Thistlewood?

Arthur Thistlewood Arthur Thistlewood ▼ Primary Sources ▼ Arthur Thistlewood Arthur Thistlewood was born in Tupholme in 1774. Arthur, the illegitimate son of a prosperous farmer and stockbreeder, was educated at Horncastle Grammar School and then trained as a land-surveyor. However, he disliked the work and at the age of twenty-one he obtained a commission in the army. In January 1804 Arthur Thistlewood married Jane Worsley but she died two years later giving birth to their first child. Four years later he married his second wife, Susan Wilkinson, the daughter of a butcher in Horncastle. Thistlewood left the army and with the help of his father purchased a farm. The farm was not a success and in 1811 he moved to London . Within a few months of arriving in London Arthur Thistlewood had joined the Spencean Philanthropists . By 1816 Thistlewood was being reported on by police spies who described him as a "dangerous character" who believed in revolution. Thistlewood, along with James Watson and Thomas Preston, was now a member of the five-man committee that ran the organisation. John Castle , a police spy, was also a member of the committee and was able to provide the authorities with a detailed account of Spencean activities. In October 1816 Castle reported to John Stafford , supervisor of Home Office spies, that the Spenceans were planning to overthrow the British government. The plan was to encourage rioting at a mass meeting and while this was going on, to seize power by taking the Tower of London and the Bank of England . The mass meeting was organised to take place at Spa Fields, Islington, on 2nd December 1816. The speakers at the meeting included Henry 'Orator' Hunt and James Watson . The magistrates decided to disperse the meeting and while Stafford and eighty police officers were doing this, one of the men, Joseph Rhodes was stabbed. The leaders of the planned uprising went into hiding. Thistlewood decided to emigrate to America with his wife and child but was arrested as he boarded the ship on the Thames. The other leaders were also arrested and charged with high treason. James Watson was the first to be tried. However, the main prosecution witness was the government spy, John Castle . The defence council was able to show that Castle had a long criminal record and that his testimony was unreliable. The jury concluded that Castle was an agent provocateur (a person employed to incite suspected people to some open action that will make them liable to punishment) and refused to convict Watson. As the case against Watson had failed, it was decided to release Arthur Thistlewood, Thomas Preston and John Hopper, the other three men who were due to be tried for the same offence. The Spenceans continued to meet in 1817. A new police spy who had joined the group, John Williamson, reported to John Stafford that Thistlewood was still trying to organise an armed uprising. James Watson now doubted the wisdom of this strategy and although he still attended meetings, he gradually lost control of the group to the more militant ideas of Thistlewood. In 1817 Thistlewood wrote to Lord Sidmouth , the Home Secretary, demanding payment of £180, the cost of the three tickets that he purchased for the trip to America. When Sidmouth failed to respond to the letter, Thistlewood challenged him to a duel. Sidmouth ordered Thistlewood's arrest and he was charged with threatening a breach of the peace. Thistlewood was found guilty and sentenced to twelve months' imprisonment in Horsham Jail. Thistlewood wrote several letters to the Home Office complaining about the conditions in prison. One of his complaints was that three men had to share one bed and a cell measuring only seven feet by nine feet. Arthur Thistlewood played an important role in the protest meetings that followed the Peterloo Massacre . He organised the public reception of Henry Hunt after he arrived back in London after the massacre. The Times estimated that over 300,000 people turned up to see Hunt and to hear speeches from Sir Francis Burdett , Major John Cartwright , James Wat


Which British philologist was hanged for the murder of Daniel Clark in 1759?

ExecutedToday.com » 1759: Eugene Aram, philologist 1759: Eugene Aram, philologist August 6th, 2012 Headsman On this date in 1759, Eugene Aram was hanged at York for murder. Aram was the son of a gardener, but taught himself Latin and Greek and made himself a respected schoolteacher. Aram had a special gift for languages, and began research on a never-completed comparative lexicology of the Celtic tongue — correctly intuiting, if not the identity of the distant common mother tongue, the concept of what is now understood as the common progenitor of the related Indo-European languages . the ancient Celtae, by the numberless vestigaes left behind them, in Gaul, Britain, Greece, and all the western parts of Europe, appear to have been, if not the aborigines, at least their successors, and masters, in Gaul, Britain, and the west; — that their language, however obsolete, however mutilated, is at this day discernible in all those places which that victorious people conquered and retained: — that it has extended itself far and wide, visibly appearing in the ancient Greek, Latin, and English, of all which it included a very considerable part; and, indeed, it still unquestionably, forms a most important ingredient in all the languages of Europe. (Source at archive.org | Google books ) His might have been an illustrious name in linguistic history. Instead … In 1745, when Aram was already 40 and teaching in Knaresborough , a strange event occurred: a friend of Aram’s named Daniel Clark made the rounds of local merchants “buying” (on credit) a variety of portable valuables … and then promptly disappeared. Aram was suspected of some part in this sketchy affair and detained using the expedient of an outstanding debt pending investigation that would yield a more satisfactory charge. Aram, however, paid off his arrears in cash. Since no real grounds existed to hold him, he walked away, and immediately left Knaresborough. There the matter rested for 13 years, time that Aram spent immersed in his language work. Justice delayed was not to be denied, however. Finally, in 1758, the accidental discovery of a body in Knaresborough rekindled interest in the case (even though the body turned out not to be Clark’s). Thirteen years on, the matter unlocked with amazing ease; Aram’s wife (left behind in Knaresborough when our man blew town) had her suspicions, which led to a mutual friend of Aram’s and the victim, who gave authorities the correct location of Clark’s theretofore undiscovered body. (Namely, St. Robert’s cave .) Upon that considerable credibility the mutual friend (Houseman by name) accused Aram of the murder. Since the wife was also prepared to swear she had heard all these men, and Clark among them, conspiring shadily together, Aram was in the stew. As a proper Enlightenment man, learner of languages, inquirer of science, writer of poetry, and author of dark and vengeful deeds, Aram didn’t bother with a barrister but defended himself, and very ably in the judgment of his observers. “His defense was an ingenious plea of the general fallibility of circumstantial evidence,” records this encyclopedia . But he had to stick to generalities because (as he admitted after conviction) he was actually quite guilty, and Aram “seemed really more carried away by the abstract philosophy of his argument, than impressed by the terrible relation it bore to his fate.” The lengthy Newgate calendar entry on his case preserves some of these sorties. He would eventually ascribe his own motive not to greed of gold but suspicion of cuckoldry. Houseman, who was probably just as involved (and probably in his part for greed) appears to have escaped the noose. Aram became a potent literary reference for his countrymen as a partially sympathetic, Janus-faced creature: the thoughtful scholar encumbered by his guilty conscience, or one whose potential gift to all mankind is undone by his injury to one man. Again — again, with dizzy brain, The human life I take: And my red right hand grows raging hot, Like Cranmer ‘s at the stake. “And still no peace for the restless


Who anointed Saul as the first King of Israel?

1 Samuel 10 ESV - Saul Anointed King - Then Samuel took a - Bible Gateway 1 Samuel 10English Standard Version (ESV) Saul Anointed King 10 Then Samuel took a flask of oil and poured it on his head and kissed him and said, “Has not the Lord anointed you to be prince[ a ] over his people Israel? And you shall reign over the people of the Lord and you will save them from the hand of their surrounding enemies. And this shall be the sign to you that the Lord has anointed you to be prince[ b ] over his heritage. 2 When you depart from me today, you will meet two men by Rachel's tomb in the territory of Benjamin at Zelzah, and they will say to you, ‘The donkeys that you went to seek are found, and now your father has ceased to care about the donkeys and is anxious about you, saying, “What shall I do about my son?”’ 3 Then you shall go on from there farther and come to the oak of Tabor. Three men going up to God at Bethel will meet you there, one carrying three young goats, another carrying three loaves of bread, and another carrying a skin of wine. 4 And they will greet you and give you two loaves of bread, which you shall accept from their hand. 5 After that you shall come to Gibeath-elohim,[ c ] where there is a garrison of the Philistines. And there, as soon as you come to the city, you will meet a group of prophets coming down from the high place with harp, tambourine, flute, and lyre before them, prophesying. 6 Then the Spirit of the Lord will rush upon you, and you will prophesy with them and be turned into another man. 7 Now when these signs meet you, do what your hand finds to do, for God is with you. 8 Then go down before me to Gilgal. And behold, I am coming down to you to offer burnt offerings and to sacrifice peace offerings. Seven days you shall wait, until I come to you and show you what you shall do.” 9 When he turned his back to leave Samuel, God gave him another heart. And all these signs came to pass that day. 10 When they came to Gibeah,[ d ] behold, a group of prophets met him, and the Spirit of God rushed upon him, and he prophesied among them. 11 And when all who knew him previously saw how he prophesied with the prophets, the people said to one another, “What has come over the son of Kish? Is Saul also among the prophets?” 12 And a man of the place answered, “And who is their father?” Therefore it became a proverb, “Is Saul also among the prophets?” 13 When he had finished prophesying, he came to the high place. 14 Saul's uncle said to him and to his servant, “Where did you go?” And he said, “To seek the donkeys. And when we saw they were not to be found, we went to Samuel.” 15 And Saul's uncle said, “Please tell me what Samuel said to you.” 16 And Saul said to his uncle, “He told us plainly that the donkeys had been found.” But about the matter of the kingdom, of which Samuel had spoken, he did not tell him anything. Saul Proclaimed King 17 Now Samuel called the people together to the Lord at Mizpah. 18 And he said to the people of Israel, “Thus says the Lord, the God of Israel, ‘I brought up Israel out of Egypt, and I delivered you from the hand of the Egyptians and from the hand of all the kingdoms that were oppressing you.’ 19 But today you have rejected your God, who saves you from all your calamities and your distresses, and you have said to him, ‘Set a king over us.’ Now therefore present yourselves before the Lord by your tribes and by your thousands.” 20 Then Samuel brought all the tribes of Israel near, and the tribe of Benjamin was taken by lot. 21 He brought the tribe of Benjamin near by its clans, and the clan of the Matrites was taken by lot;[ e ] and Saul the son of Kish was taken by lot. But when they sought him, he could not be found. 22 So they inquired again of the Lord, “Is there a man still to come?” and the Lord said, “Behold, he has hidden himself among the baggage.” 23 Then they ran and took him from there. And when he stood among the people, he was taller than any of the people from his shoulders upward. 24 And Samuel said to all the people, “Do you see him whom the Lord has chosen


Which former MP wrote The Four Feathers and stories featuring Inspector Hanaud?

The Four Feathers (Summit Classic Collector Editions): Amazon.co.uk: A.E.W. Mason, Summit Classic Press, Owen R. Howell: 9781492217848: Books Product Description About the Author A. E. W. Mason (1865-1948) was a British author and politician. He is best remembered for his 1902 novel The Four Feathers. His first novel, A Romance of Wastdale, was published in 1895. He was the author of more than 20 books, including At The Villa Rose (1910), a mystery novel in which he introduced his French detective, Inspector Hanaud. His best-known book is The Four Feathers, which has been made into several films. Many consider it his masterpiece. Other books are The House of the Arrow (1924), No Other Tiger (1927), The Prisoner in the Opal (1929) and Fire Over England (1937). He contributed a short story, The Conjurer, to The Queen's Book of the Red Cross. Mason was elected as a Liberal Member of Parliament for Coventry in the 1906 general election. He served only a single term in Parliament, retiring at the next general election in January 1910. Mason served with the Manchester Regiment in the First World War, being promoted Captain in December 1914. He transferred to the General List in 1915 and the Royal Marine Light Infantry in 1917 with the rank of Major. His military career included work in naval intelligence, serving in Spain and Mexico, where he set up counter-espionage networks on behalf of the British government. He died in 1948 while working on a non-fiction book about Admiral Robert Blake.            --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title. What Other Items Do Customers Buy After Viewing This Item?


James Hutton is generally regarded as the founder of which scientific discipline?

James Hutton: The Founder of Modern Geology James Hutton: The Founder of Modern Geology Curriculum Collections James Hutton: The Founder of Modern Geology A portrait of James Hutton (1726–1797) by Sir Henry Raeborn. Portrait by Sir Henry Raeburn, courtesy of the Scottish National Portrait Gallery. James Hutton (1726–1797), a Scottish farmer and naturalist, is known as the founder of modern geology. He was a great observer of the world around him. More importantly, he made carefully reasoned geological arguments. Hutton came to believe that the Earth was perpetually being formed; for example, molten material is forced up into mountains, eroded, and then eroded sediments are washed away. He recognized that the history of the Earth could be determined by understanding how processes such as erosion and sedimentation work in the present day. His ideas and approach to studying the Earth established geology as a proper science. In the late eighteenth century, when Hutton was carefully examining the rocks, it was generally believed that Earth had come into creation only around six thousand years earlier (on October 22, 4004 B.C., to be precise, according to the seventeenth century scholarly analysis of the Bible by Archbishop James Ussher of Ireland), and that fossils were the remains of animals that had perished during the Biblical flood. As for the structure of the Earth, “natural philosophers” agreed that much bedrock consisted of long, parallel layers which occurred at various angles, and that sediments deposited by water were compressed to form stone. Hutton perceived that this sedimentation takes place so slowly that even the oldest rocks are made up of, in his words, “materials furnished from the ruins of former continents.” The reverse process occurs when rock exposed to the atmosphere erodes and decays. He called this coupling of destruction and renewal the “great geological cycle,” and realized that it had been completed innumerable times .  Hutton came to his chosen field by quite a roundabout route. Born in Edinburgh in 1726, he studied medicine and chemistry at the Universities of Edinburgh, Paris, and Leiden, in the Netherlands, and then spent fourteen years running two small family farms. It was farming that gave rise to Hutton’s obsession with how the land could hold its own against the destructive forces of wind and weather he saw at work around him. Hutton began to devote his scientific knowledge, his philosophical turn of mind, and his extraordinary powers of observation to a subject that had only recently acquired a name: geology. Dacite columns that formed tens of thousands of years ago when a lava flow cooled rapidly against a glacier. Photo by Jackie Beckett, © American Museum of Natural History. Around 1768 he moved to Edinburgh, where a visitor a few years later described his study as “so full of fossils and chemical apparatus that there is hardly room to sit down.” In a paper presented in 1788 before the Royal Society of Edinburgh, a newly-founded scientific organization, Hutton described a universe very different from the Biblical cosmos: one formed by a continuous cycle in which rocks and soil are washed into the sea, compacted into bedrock, forced up to the surface by volcanic processes, and eventually worn away into sediment once again. “The result, therefore, of this physical enquiry,” Hutton concluded, “is that we find no vestige of a beginning, no prospect of an end.” Relying on the same methods as do modern field geologists, Hutton cited as evidence a cliff at nearby Siccar Point, where the juxtaposition of vertical layers of gray shale and overlying horizontal layers of red sandstone could only be explained by the action of stupendous forces over vast periods of time. There Hutton realized that the sediments now represented by the gray shale had, after deposition, been uplifted, tilted, eroded away, and then covered by an ocean, from which the red sandstone was then deposited. The boundary between the two rock types at Siccar Point is now called the Hutton Unconformity. The fundamental force, t


What are the differences between an ocean, a sea, a bay and a gulf? | Reference.com What are the differences between an ocean, a sea, a bay and a gulf? A: Quick Answer Oceans, seas, bays and gulfs are all primarily distinguished by size. An ocean and a sea differ mainly by size as oceans are larger than seas. Similarly, the difference between a bay and a gulf is also based on size. Gulfs are larger than bays, and small bays are sometimes called coves. Full Answer Oceans are the largest bodies of water on Earth, and they all contain salt water. There are only five oceans: the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Indian and Southern Oceans. The Atlantic Ocean is divided into the North and South Atlantic Oceans by the equator, and the Pacific Ocean is divided into the North and South Pacific Oceans by the same line. Seas are similar to oceans in that they contain salt water, but they are smaller in size. There are many more seas than oceans, and prominent examples include the Red Sea, the Mediterranean Sea and the Baltic Sea. Generally, seas are surrounded by land, and oceans surround land. A bay is an indentation in land by a sea, ocean or even a lake. A large bay that is in an ocean is referred to as a gulf. Because of their size and significance, most gulfs are specifically named. The Gulf of Mexico and the Persian Gulf are common examples. Both gulfs and bays are sometimes referred to as inlets.


Which British poet wrote the verse satire Don Juan?

Lord Byron | English poet | Britannica.com English poet Alternative Title: George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron Lord Byron George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron born Alexander Pope Lord Byron, in full George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron (born January 22, 1788, London , England —died April 19, 1824, Missolonghi, Greece ), British Romantic poet and satirist whose poetry and personality captured the imagination of Europe. Renowned as the “gloomy egoist” of his autobiographical poem Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage (1812–18) in the 19th century, he is now more generally esteemed for the satiric realism of Don Juan (1819–24). George Gordon, Lord Byron, c. 1820. Hulton Archive/Getty Images Life and career Byron was the son of the handsome and profligate Captain John (“Mad Jack”) Byron and his second wife, Catherine Gordon, a Scots heiress. After her husband had squandered most of her fortune, Mrs. Byron took her infant son to Aberdeen , Scotland, where they lived in lodgings on a meagre income; the captain died in France in 1791. George Gordon Byron had been born with a clubfoot and early developed an extreme sensitivity to his lameness. In 1798, at age 10, he unexpectedly inherited the title and estates of his great-uncle William, the 5th Baron Byron. His mother proudly took him to England, where the boy fell in love with the ghostly halls and spacious ruins of Newstead Abbey, which had been presented to the Byrons by Henry VIII . After living at Newstead for a while, Byron was sent to school in London, and in 1801 he went to Harrow, one of England’s most prestigious schools. In 1803 he fell in love with his distant cousin, Mary Chaworth, who was older and already engaged, and when she rejected him she became the symbol for Byron of idealized and unattainable love. He probably met Augusta Byron, his half sister from his father’s first marriage, that same year. In 1805 Byron entered Trinity College , Cambridge, where he piled up debts at an alarming rate and indulged in the conventional vices of undergraduates there. The signs of his incipient sexual ambivalence became more pronounced in what he later described as “a violent, though pure, love and passion” for a young chorister, John Edleston. Alongside Byron’s strong attachment to boys, often idealized as in the case of Edleston, his attachment to women throughout his life is an indication of the strength of his heterosexual drive. In 1806 Byron had his early poems privately printed in a volume entitled Fugitive Pieces, and that same year he formed at Trinity what was to be a close, lifelong friendship with John Cam Hobhouse , who stirred his interest in liberal Whiggism. George Gordon Byron, Lord Byron. © Photos.com/Thinkstock Ringling Bros. Folds Its Tent Byron’s first published volume of poetry, Hours of Idleness, appeared in 1807. A sarcastic critique of the book in The Edinburgh Review provoked his retaliation in 1809 with a couplet satire , English Bards and Scotch Reviewers, in which he attacked the contemporary literary scene. This work gained him his first recognition. On reaching his majority in 1809, Byron took his seat in the House of Lords , and then embarked with Hobhouse on a grand tour. They sailed to Lisbon, crossed Spain, and proceeded by Gibraltar and Malta to Greece, where they ventured inland to Ioánnina and to Tepelene in Albania . In Greece Byron began Childe Harolde’s Pilgrimage , which he continued in Athens . In March 1810 he sailed with Hobhouse for Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey), visited the site of Troy, and swam the Hellespont (present-day Dardanelles) in imitation of Leander. Byron’s sojourn in Greece made a lasting impression on him. The Greeks’ free and open frankness contrasted strongly with English reserve and hypocrisy and served to broaden his views of men and manners. He delighted in the sunshine and the moral tolerance of the people. George Gordon Byron, Lord Byron. © Photos.com/Thinkstock British Culture and Politics Byron arrived back in London in July 1811, and his mother died before he could reach her at Newstead. In February 1812 h


What sort of instruments are Timbal, tabla and bodhran?

Bodhrán Online Tutorial Tuning Commercial     Tutorials Neo-bodhran I     should start this section by saying clearly that I am by no means an expert     player on this wonderful wee drum, I am an enthusiast (read nerd) however     and because I am driven to know and understand more, my own skills as     a player are progressing. The Bodhran sections are a mixture of information     that I have been given, that I have uncovered by research whether in literature ,     online, from commercially available sources, by participating in bodhran     specific discussion     group s or through my own growing experiences. I hope that you find     it useful and I will be delighted to respond to any comments either by e-mail or on the dojo     discussion forum . ------------------------------ The bodhrán     (pronounced Baw-ron or Bore-on) is regarded in contemporary terms as an     indigenous drum of Ireland. It is unique     among drums because of its 'one-handed' style of striking the drum using     a two headed stick. There is no record of this striking style anywhere     else to the best of my knowledge, Rina     Schiller makes reference to a french two headed stick, a 'mailloche     double' although my small direct research on this has not yet borne any     further information. Basic research     will deliver several and varied opinions on the drum's roots. Many claim     it as an ancient druidic drum and indeed the frame     drum is the oldest form of drum. In the case of the bodhran, a 'potato'     road formed by trade could feasibly be traced back over several millennia     to Persia where the frame drum is considered     to have originated. Others yet believe it to be of African origin, coming     to Ireland via or Spain or America where emigration met slavery. Most     make the connection to its use in 'winnowing', separating stones or seeds     and this would provide the most likely source as it provided the basic     drum for most of the other frame drumming cultures. The name bodhran is Irish meaning deafener or deafening. It derives from     the word 'bodhr' meaning deaf. If one can imagine stones landing on a     taut skin then the connection is not hard to understand. The drum itself     is not loud having a playing volume around or slightly above normal conversation     levels, melody players at a seishun will beg to differ :) A bodhran was played fairly simply initially and has continuously developing musical     sophistication. The drum is known to have been in use in the earlier part     of the 20th Century with flattened-penny or other jingles attached, similar     to a tambourine, riqq or muzhar .     Jingles were removed or taped over as desired to create the drum we have     today. The most     significant development of the instrument has taken place in the past     50 years or so, its rise co-inciding with the work of Sean O'Riada who,     by developing music from informal gatherings in the pub and the parlour     into a performance type on the stage, opened Irish music to new audiences.     The many styles of bodhran playing employed now are vastly different and     more developed than can have existed previously. Johnny 'Ringo' McDonough     is acknowledged as being seminal in the introduction of the left hand     ON the skin and thereby opening up the instrument to a whole new world     of sound options. The drum continues to evolve and emerging styles abound     as do developments in materials and construction. A note on the 'Other' Bodhran more... There is a completely new style of bodhran playing emerging which employs     techniques from the middle eastern frame drums .     Percussion maestro Glen Velez Video     link is held as being the originator of this style, however     it is completely different from traditional bodhran playing. There is


For which British contralto singer did Elgar write his Sea Pictures?

English Contralto Dame Clara Butt_Sea Pictures - Where Corals Lie_1920.9.16.mp4 - YouTube English Contralto Dame Clara Butt_Sea Pictures - Where Corals Lie_1920.9.16.mp4 Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Oct 13, 2012 The Great Contralto Dame Clara Butt is one of my favorite singer. She studied with Mr. Rootham in Bristol, subsequently winning a competition organized by The Royal College of London in 1889. In 1892 she appeared in the title role of Gluck's Orfeo ed Euridice, performing the same role at the Lyceum Theatre in London. She went to Paris and made further studies with Jacques Bouhy (the teacher of Louise Homer and Louise Kirby-Lunn) and later with the celebrated soprano Etelka Gerster in Berlin. Saint-Sa?ns wanted her to study Dalila, but due to laws then extant forbidding the representation of biblical subjects on the British stage, nothing came of it. From 1895 she started a glorious career, appearing almost entirely on the concert platform. Her repertory was made of Bach, Handel, a little Lieder, but above all, of the popular ballads of the day. She made a speciality out of those songs ("The lost chord", "There is no death", "Abide with me", among many others). Clara Butt created Elgar's Sea Pictures, a piece especially written for her. She appeared in a few opera performances in one single role, as Orfeo (she was a tall woman, standing 6'2''). Clara Butt triumphed in all the famous concert halls, making tours to Australia, Japan, Canada, the United States and to many European cities! Married to baritone Kennerley Rumford (called "Bertie"), who accompanied her on most of her tours, she was one of the most celebrated singers at the time. In 1920 she was created "Dame of the British Empire" for her charitable services during the war. Clara's three sisters were singers as well. One of them, Ethel Hook, became a famous artist in her own right and made some superb solo recordings. In later life Clara Butt was dogged by tragedies. Her elder son died of meningitis whilst still at school, the younger committed suicide. During the 1920s she became seriously ill of cancer of the spine, but her faith gave her the strength to continue working. She made many of her later records seated in a wheelchair. Clara Butt died in 1936. Clara Butt possessed one of the greatest and most powerful contralto voices,More than three octaves - from Bass's low F up to Soprano high C. There was a vast and "baritonal" bottom and a lighter toned pure top. Her ability in the "canto fiorito" was just as remarkable (Donizetti's Brindisi from Lucrezia Borgia!). Her repertory consisted of oratorio arias, ballads and songs (although she had some opera arias in her repertory). The ballad had played a dominant role in British musical life right through the 18th century. As the German and French vocal styles were in response to particular developments in the opera, so the English style evolved largely out of the ballad and oratorio. Clara Butt was one of the last exponents of that era. There was scarcely an English household boasting a gramophone that did not have her record declaiming "Land of Hope and Glory". On a clear day, Sir Thomas Beecham claimed, you could have heard her across the English Channel! Today, most of her repertoire might not be of much interest, but we have to realize that Dame Clara had to sing against the background of Victorian taste. Her true contralto voice, however, is one of the most glorious ever recorded. Category


Which US Vice President killed his political rival Alexander Hamilton in a duel?

Aaron Burr | vice president of United States | Britannica.com vice president of United States Written By: Alternative Title: Aaron Burr, Jr. Aaron Burr Vice president of United States born John Quincy Adams Aaron Burr, in full Aaron Burr, Jr. (born February 6, 1756, Newark , New Jersey [U.S.]—died September 14, 1836, Port Richmond , New York, U.S.), third vice president of the United States (1801–05), who killed his political rival, Alexander Hamilton , in a duel (1804), and whose turbulent political career ended with his arrest for treason in 1807. Aaron Burr, oil painting by John Vanderlyn, 1809; in the collection of the New-York Historical … Collection of The New-York Historical Society Early years and political career Burr, the son of Aaron Burr, Sr., and Esther Edwards, came from a prominent New Jersey family and was a grandson of the theologian Jonathan Edwards . He studied law and served on the staff of Gen. George Washington during the American Revolution (1775–83) but was transferred after antagonizing him. In 1782 Burr was admitted to the New York state bar, and his law practice in New York City soon flourished. In 1784 and 1785 he was elected to the state assembly, and in 1789 he was appointed attorney general by Gov. George Clinton . By 1791 he had built a successful political coalition against Gen. Philip Schuyler , father-in-law of Alexander Hamilton (then secretary of the treasury), and won election to the United States Senate , incurring the enmity of Hamilton. Burr failed to win reelection in 1797 and spent the next two years in state politics. In 1800 Burr won the vice presidential nomination on the Jeffersonian Republican ticket. He carried New York state and thus helped bring about a national victory for his party. Under the electoral college procedures then prevailing, the electors had cast their votes for both Thomas Jefferson and Burr without indicating which should be president and which vice president. Both men had an equal number of electoral votes, and the Federalist-controlled House of Representatives had to break the tie. Although Burr maintained that he would not challenge Jefferson—an assertion that Jefferson did not wholly accept—Hamilton’s determined opposition to Burr was a strong factor in Jefferson’s election after 36 ballots. (In 1804 the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution was adopted, requiring electors to cast separate ballots for president and vice president.) Results of the American presidential election, 1800… Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. In February 1804 Burr’s friends in the New York legislature nominated him for the governorship. Hamilton contributed to Burr’s defeat by disseminating letters containing derogatory comments about Burr, and shortly thereafter Gov. Clinton replaced him as the Republican vice presidential candidate. Once again Burr felt himself to be the political victim of Hamilton’s animosity , and he challenged him to a duel (July 11, 1804) at Weehawken , New Jersey, in which Hamilton was killed. Arrest and trial Ringling Bros. Folds Its Tent Arrest warrants were issued for Burr, whom many now viewed as a murderer, and he fled to Philadelphia, where he contacted his friend Gen. James Wilkinson , a United States Army officer secretly in the pay of Spain and the governor of the northern Louisiana territory. Expecting war to break out between the United States and Spain over boundary disputes, Wilkinson and Burr planned an invasion of Mexico in order to establish an independent government there. Possibly—the record is inconclusive—they also discussed a plan to foment a secessionist movement in the West and, joining it to Mexico, to found an empire on the Napoleonic model. In any event, Wilkinson became alarmed and betrayed Burr to President Jefferson. Trying to escape to Spanish territory, Burr was arrested and returned for trial to Richmond, Virginia, the site of the nearest federal court that could hear a trial for treason. Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court John Marshall presided in his capacity as circuit judge for Virginia. (At that time


Which Czech author wrote The Trial and The Castle?

Franz Kafka (Author of The Metamorphosis) Fiction , Philosophy , Short Stories Influences edit data Franz Kafka was one of the major fiction writers of the 20th century. He was born to a middle-class German-speaking Jewish family in Prague, Bohemia (presently the Czech Republic), Austria–Hungary. His unique body of writing—much of which is incomplete and which was mainly published posthumously—is considered to be among the most influential in Western literature. His stories include The Metamorphosis (1912) and In the Penal Colony (1914), while his novels are The Trial (1925), The Castle (1926) and Amerika (1927). Kafka's first language was German, but he was also fluent in Czech. Later, Kafka acquired some knowledge of French language and culture; one of his favorite authors was Flaubert . Kafka first studied chemistry at the Charles-Ferdinan Franz Kafka was one of the major fiction writers of the 20th century. He was born to a middle-class German-speaking Jewish family in Prague, Bohemia (presently the Czech Republic), Austria–Hungary. His unique body of writing—much of which is incomplete and which was mainly published posthumously—is considered to be among the most influential in Western literature. His stories include The Metamorphosis (1912) and In the Penal Colony (1914), while his novels are The Trial (1925), The Castle (1926) and Amerika (1927). Kafka's first language was German, but he was also fluent in Czech. Later, Kafka acquired some knowledge of French language and culture; one of his favorite authors was Flaubert . Kafka first studied chemistry at the Charles-Ferdinand University of Prague, but switched after two weeks to law. This offered a range of career possibilities, which pleased his father, and required a longer course of study that gave Kafka time to take classes in German studies and art history. At the university, he joined a student club, named Lese- und Redehalle der Deutschen Studenten, which organized literary events, readings and other activities. In the end of his first year of studies, he met Max Brod , who would become a close friend of his throughout his life, together with the journalist Felix Weltsch , who also studied law. Kafka obtained the degree of Doctor of Law on 18 June 1906 and performed an obligatory year of unpaid service as law clerk for the civil and criminal courts. Kafka's writing attracted little attention until after his death. During his lifetime, he published only a few short stories and never finished any of his novels, unless "The Metamorphosis" is considered a (short) novel. Prior to his death, Kafka wrote to his friend and literary executor Max Brod: "Dearest Max, my last request: Everything I leave behind me ... in the way of diaries, manuscripts, letters (my own and others'), sketches, and so on, [is] to be burned unread." Brod overrode Kafka's wishes, believing that Kafka had given these directions to him specifically because Kafka knew he would not honor them—Brod had told him as much. Brod, in fact, would oversee the publication of most of Kafka's work in his possession, which soon began to attract attention and high critical regard. Max Brod encountered significant difficulty in compiling Kafka's notebooks into any chronological order as Kafka was known to start writing in the middle of notebooks, from the last towards the first, etc. All of Kafka's published works, except several letters he wrote in Czech to Milena Jesenská, were written in German. ...more