How many astronauts have walked on the Moon?

How Many People Have Walked on the Moon? - Universe Today   Universe Today How Many People Have Walked on the Moon? Article Updated: 21 Dec , 2015 by Nancy Atkinson Ask someone if they know the names of the astronauts who have walked on the Moon, and most people would be able to list Neil Armstrong, and maybe even Buzz Aldrin. But can you name the rest of the Apollo astronauts who made it down to the lunar surface? How many people have walked on the Moon? In total twelve people have walked on the Moon. Besides Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin – who were the first two astronauts to leave their bootprints on the Moon — there were also Pete Conrad, Alan Bean, Alan Shepard, Edgar Mitchell, David Scott, James Irwin, John Young, Charles Duke, Eugene Cernan, and Harrison Schmitt. Interestingly, out of the dozen people who walked on the Moon, no one ever did it more than once. Here’s some additional information about the men who walked on the Moon and their missions: Apollo 11 – 2 people The iconic photo of Buzz Aldrin on the Moon for Apollo 11. Credit: NASA On July 21, 1969, Neil Armstrong made history by becoming the first person to set foot on the Moon. He was soon followed by Buzz Aldrin. In a nail-biting landing, Armstrong had to manually fly the Lunar Module past the intended landing spot, which he could see was filled with boulders. He landed safely in Tranquility Base with Aldrin keeping an eye on the altitude and velocity, along with a dangerously low fuel tank. In total, Neil and Buzz were on the lunar surface (both inside their Eagle lunar module and walking on the Moon) for only 21 hours, 36 minutes and 21 seconds and were outside walking in the Sea of Tranquility for just 2 hours, 31 minutes and 40 seconds. During their EVA, they collected rocks, planted the US flag, and deployed a seismograph and an experiment called the Lunar Ranging Retroreflector – a reflective device that measures the distance between the Earth and the Moon using lasers from Earth — which is still in use today. Apollo 12 – 2 people A bootprint in the lunar regolith, taken during Apollo 11 in 1969. Credit: NASA. Pete Conrad and Alan Bean were the Moon walkers on the Apollo 12 mission. The Apollo 12 crew experienced two lightning strikes just after their Saturn V rocket launched on November 14, 1969. The jolts knocked out the guidance system and power for a time, but thanks to quick thinking by Mission Control and Alan Bean, the systems were recovered. The Apollo 12 crew proved they could make a pin-point landing, touching down just 185 meters (600 feet) from the Surveyor 3 unmanned spacecraft. During one of their EVAs, Conrad and Bean walked to the Surveyor 3 spacecraft and removed pieces of it bring back to Earth for analysis. Conrad and Bean were on the Moon for two days, November 19 and 20, 1969. Apollo 13 – 0 People The next mission to launch to the Moon was Apollo 13, but because an oxygen tank on the spacecraft’s Service Module exploded two days after launch, the crew was not able to land on the Moon – and a harrowing and spectacular recovery ensued. You can find out more about the Apollo 13 mission here. Apollo 14 – 2 people The launch of Apollo 14. Credit: NASA. The next two people to set foot on the Moon were Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell who were part of the Apollo 14 mission. They launched on January 31, 1971, and landed on February 5 in the Fra Mauro region of the Moon, the original destination for Apollo 13. Shepard and Mitchell performed two EVAs, deploying seismic experiments to study potential Moon quakes, and used the Modular Equipment Transporter (MET), a pull cart for carrying equipment and samples. During the second moonwalk, they tried to reach the edge of a crater named Cone Crater, but with no obvious landmarks amid the rolling, repetitive terrain, they weren’t able to find it. Later analysis combining images the astronauts took with orbital images, it was determined the duo had come within just 20 meters (65 feet) of the crater’s rim. While on the Moon, Shepard fashioned a golf club and hit a couple of golf balls. Mit


Which title is held by Princess Margaret's son David Armstrong Jones?

David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon | Unofficial Royalty David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon With his wife Serena; Photo Credit – www.zimbio.com #454203244 / gettyimages.com   The month before David was born, his father was created Earl of Snowdon and Viscount Linley due to concerns that a British princess would give birth to a child without a title. The heir of a British peer is allowed to use the second title of the noble parent as a courtesy title, so David was styled Viscount Linley and became Earl of Snowdon upon his father’s death on Janaury 13, 2017. Professionally, he is known as David Linley. On December 19, 1961, David was christened in the Music Room of Buckingham Palace by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Michael Ramsey. His godparents were Lady Bruce Dundas, Nigel Harvey, Nick Powell, Orlando Rock, Lucinda Cecil, and Rita Konig. #79030239 / gettyimages.com   When he was five years old, David began his education in the schoolroom at Buckingham Palace with his first cousin Prince Andrew .  David then attended the Gibbs School in Kensington, London, England and the Ashdown House School in East Sussex, England. Next he attended the now closed Millbrook House School, near Abingdon, Oxfordshire, England. David finished his secondary education at Bedales School in Steep, Hampshire, England where he developed an interest in arts and crafts. From 1980-1982, David studied the craft of woodworking at Parnham College in Beaminster, Dorset, England. In 1976, furniture maker John Makepeace bought Parnham House, and founded the Parnham Trust and the School for Craftsmen in Wood. It later became Parnham College with the goal “to provide integrated courses in design, making and management for aspiring furniture-makers, alongside but separately from his own furniture workshops.” In 2000, the school moved to a new campus in Hooke Park, England and is now known as the Architectural Association School of Architecture . David Linley has had a career as a furniture designer and maker and set up his own company LINLEY in 1985. From his company’s website: “I was lucky enough to grow up surrounded by beautiful things. Instead of taking these for granted, I wanted to find out more about the making process, whether a vase, a car, a sculpture or indeed a piece of furniture. When I was a small boy, my grandmother challenged me to find a secret drawer in a bureau which she treasured. I still remember the exhilaration when I eventually found it. I couldn’t understand how it was possible to conceal something so cleverly, so resolved to find out how. This was really when my interest in wood-working began.” David does not have an official role, but he does take part in Royal Family events, such as the Trooping of the Color. In 2002, while his grandmother Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother was lying in state at Westminster Hall, David, along with his first cousins The Prince of Wales, The Duke of York, and The Earl of Wessex, stood guard around their grandmother’s coffin. Lady Margarita Elizabeth Rose Alleyne Armstrong-Jones (born May 14, 2002) In 2012, David’s son Charles was appointed to be the First Page of Honor of his great aunt, Queen Elizabeth II. This is a ceremonial position granted to teenage sons of the nobility and requires attendance on state occasions when the pages usually carry the long train of the Sovereign’s attire. The Honorable Charles Patrick Armstrong-Jones (back right) at the State Opening of Parliament in 2013; Photo Credit – www.dailymail.co.uk. (PA) David’s daughter Lady Margarita Elizabeth Rose Alleyne Armstrong-Jones was born shortly after the deaths of her grandmother Princess Margaret (whose middle name was Rose) and her great-grandmother Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and was named after them. She was also a bridesmaid at the wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton.


In the children's song Nellie the Elephant. the head of the herd was met one night on which road?

Nellie The Elephant Song | Children's Nursery Rhyme With Lyrics | English Nursery Rhymes - YouTube Nellie The Elephant Song | Children's Nursery Rhyme With Lyrics | English Nursery Rhymes Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Mar 25, 2014 Nellie The Elephant Song Lyrics To Bombay They brought an intelligent elephant And Nellie was her name One dark night She slipped her iron chain And off she ran to Hindustan And was never seen again Ooooooooooooo... Nellie the Elephant packed her trunk And said goodbye to the circus Off she went with a trumpety-trump Trump, trump, trump Nellie the Elephant packed her trunk And trundled back to the jungle Off she went with a trumpety-trump Trump, trump, trump She danced to the circus band When Nellie was leading the big parade She looked so proud and grand No more tricks They taught her how to take a bow And she took the crowd by storm The head of the herd was calling Far, far away They met one night in the silver light On the road to Mandalay So Nellie the Elephant packed her trunk And said goodbye to the circus Off she went with a trumpety-trum Trump, trump, trump Nellie the Elephant packed her trunk And said goodbye to the circus Off she went with a trumpety-trump Trump, trump, trump Nellie the Elephant packed her trunk And trundled back to the jungle Off she went with a trumpety-trump Trump, trump, trump


In what year did the last Moonwalk take place?

Apollo 17: The Last Men on the Moon Apollo 17: The Last Men on the Moon By Elizabeth Howell, Space.com Contributor | August 24, 2012 04:15pm ET MORE Astronaut Eugene Cernan drives the Lunar Roving Vehicle during the first EVA. Credit: NASA Apollo 17 marked the end of the program that took 12 people to the surface of the moon. By the time the mission launched on Dec. 7, 1972, public interest had declined, the government had shifted its focus to the Vietnam War, and many other factors brought the program to a close, even though three more flights had been planned. Though it was the last manned mission — so far — the moon still had some surprises for humanity to discover. Apollo 17 was the first mission to include a scientist in its crew. Geologist Harrison "Jack" Schmitt was one of the first six scientist-astronauts selected in 1965 amid immense pressure to do so from the National Academy of Sciences, who were worried only test pilots would walk on the moon. Schmitt's presence on the Apollo 17 crew as a lunar module pilot did not come easily. When it came time to select the final crew, Schmitt was chosen over Joe Engle, who was a backup pilot for Apollo 14 and ordinarily would have been next in the rotation to fly. Crewmates Ron Evans and Eugene Cernan were upset for Engle. However, they were pleased at the capabilities Schmitt — a geologic trainer for other moon-bound astronauts — showed on the job. Evans, the command module pilot, was on his first mission to space. He was on combat duty in Vietnam in April 1966 when he found out he was selected as an astronaut. Evans had not only flown in combat, but also instructed others on how to do so. Commander Cernan, a formal Navy pilot, faced many a crisis in space. On his first flight, Gemini 9, he did a spacewalk that exhausted him because there weren't enough handholds to perform his work in microgravity. On his second flight, Apollo 10, the lunar module briefly spun unpredictably as it did a practice descent to the surface. He was a seasoned pilot and felt ready to command his crew on the most challenging Apollo mission yet. Assessing and accessing the landing site With the latter Apollo missions so focused on science — and with a geologist on board — much consideration went into choosing Taurus-Littrow as Apollo 17's destination. It was geologic variety that tilted the decision to that location. Points of interest to scientists included Shorty Crater — believed to hold evidence of past volcanic vent — and several large boulders spotted in photographs taken by the Apollo 15 crew. A minor technical error held up launch by almost three hours, but the crew lifted off as planned Dec. 7, 1972. Cernan and Schmitt landed on the surface on lunar module Challenger three days later without major incident, while Evans stayed in the command module, America. Cernan's and Schmitt's first major challenge was when Cernan accidentally broke a wheel fender on their lunar rover. This meant the astronauts were showered in abrasive moon dust as they drove around the surface. Cernan made a partial repair with some duct tape, joking he would like a "mending award." The next day, he and Schmitt taped some maps in place of the fender to better fix the problem. The astronauts also deployed several scientific experiments, most notably a traverse gravimeter. The astronauts carried this experiment on the rover and took it out at several sites to measure the relative gravity, which gave scientists an idea about the lunar substructure. In lunar orbit, Evans made observations of the surface and kept Mission Control entertained by joking about how much he stunk. A photomicrograph of sphere and fragments in "orange" soil from Apollo 17. Credit: NASA Orange soil and a memorable ending As Cernan and Schmitt worked near the rim of Shorty Crater on the second day, Schmitt exclaimed that he could see orange soil. In Cernan's autobiography, he said he feared Schmitt "has been up here too long and has overdosed on rocks." But when Cernan clambered over to take a look, he could see the soil was indeed that color. Lat


In which decade was Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) founded by Colonel Harland Sanders?

How Col. Sanders Built a Fried-Chicken Empire - The New Yorker William Whitworth Colonel Harland Sanders, the fried-chicken magnate, who seems in public to be as jolly and serene as Santa Claus, is actually one of the world’s foremost worriers. The Colonel maintains a vigilant fretfulness in the face of overwhelming good fortune. He has won money, fame, and the affection of his fellow-citizens. Now approaching the age of eighty, he has lived to see the company he founded, the Kentucky Fried Chicken Corporation, grow from a one-man operation to one of the giants of the food industry. There is a vast network of Kentucky Fried Chicken take-home food outlets covering every part of the nation but New York City, where the K.F.C. franchising effort has just begun. This year, these outlets will sell more than five hundred million dollars’ worth of fried chicken—more prepared food, in dollar volume, than will be sold by any other company in the world. The company has made millionaires of the Colonel and more than a hundred other people, some of them close friends of the Colonel’s. And the Colonel’s success has been artistic as well as financial—his secret recipe and his fast-frying process produce fried chicken of a quality unknown in New York restaurants and rare even in Southern restaurants. Despite all these pleasing developments, the Colonel cannot rest easy. A perfectionist in an imperfect world, he dreams of fried chicken so golden and delicious that it will bring tears to the eyes of a grown man, and of cracklin’ gravy so sublime that, he says, “it’ll make you throw away the durn chicken and just eat the gravy.” During most of his waking hours, the Colonel is haunted by the fear that someone, somewhere, is doing something to hurt his chicken—that some upstart in the company is tampering with the recipe, or that a careless franchisee is undercooking or overcooking. The Colonel is vexed almost beyond endurance by the subject of gravy. The gravy now served by the K.F.C. franchisees is good, but it isn’t the Colonel’s. “Let’s face it, the Colonel’s gravy was fantastic, but you had to be a Rhodes Scholar to cook it,” a company executive has explained. “It involved too much time, it left too much room for human error, and it was too expensive.” This attitude is incomprehensible to the Colonel, who believes that making money is a reward for the virtuous, not a matter of cost accounting. Besides, he would rather have memorable gravy than extra profits. “If you were a franchisee turning out perfect gravy but making very little money for the company,” another K.F.C. executive has remarked, “and I was a franchisee making lots of money for the company but serving gravy that was merely excellent, the Colonel would think that you were great and I was a bum. With the Colonel, it isn’t money that counts, it’s artistic talent.” The Colonel cannot change the gravy policy, because he sold the company in 1964. (He still serves on its board of directors, and he receives a handsome salary for his food advice and his public-relations activities.) However, though he has relinquished control of the company, the Colonel retains considerable moral authority with K.F.C. executives and franchisees, all of whom revere him as a food genius, love him for inventing a product that has made them rich, and fear his terrible wrath. The Colonel doesn’t hesitate to exploit these feelings in the gravy issue, apparently reasoning that if he can’t force the franchisees to reinstate the old gravy, he can at least make them uncomfortable about the new. During his travels on company business, he will occasionally pay an unexpected visit to a K.F.C. outlet in order to inspect the kitchen and sample the gravy. If the gravy meets his low expectations, he delivers one of his withering gravy critiques, sometimes emphasizing his points by banging his cane on whatever furniture is handy. Months or even years after these ordeals, franchisees wince at the memory of such a gravy judgment from the Colonel as “How do you serve this God-damned slop? With a straw?” Even when he is


What number lies between 19 and 17 at the bottom of a dartboard?

The Dartboard Sequence The Dartboard Sequence The arrangement of the numbers around the circumference of a standard dart board is as shown below     20 1 18 4 13 6 10 15 2 17 3 19 7 16 8 11 14 9 12 5  Oddly enough, no one seems to know for sure how this particular arrangement was selected. It evidently dates back at least 100 years. Some say the pattern was devised by a carpenter named Brian Gamlin in 1896, while others attribute it to someone named Thomas William Buckle in 1913, but both of these attributions are relatively recent, and neither can be traced back to a contemporary source. Also, although it's clear that the numbers are ordered to mix the large and small together, and possibly to separate numerically close values as far as possible (e.g., 20 is far from 19), no one seems to know of any simple criterion that uniquely singles out this particular arrangement as the best possible in any quantitative sense.  It may be just an accident of history that this particular arrangement has been adopted as the standard dart board format.  It's interesting to consider various possible criteria for choosing a circular arrangement of the first n positive integers. In order to get as "flat" a distribution as possible, we might try to minimize the sum of the squares of each k consecutive terms. For example, setting k = 3, the standard dard board sequence gives  (20+1+18)^2 + (1+18+4)^2 + (18+4+13)^2 + ... + (5+20+1)^2 = 20478  Apparently the standard board layout described above is called the "London" dart board, and there is another, less common, version called the "Manchester" dart board, which has the sequence    20 1 16 6 17 8 12 9 14 5 19 2 15 3 18 7 11 10 13 4 for which the sum of squares of each set of three consecutive numbers is 20454, just slightly less than the London arrangement. In contrast, if we were to arrange the numbers by just inter-weaving the largest and smallest numbers like this     20 1 19 2 18 3 17 4 16 5 15 6 14 7 13 8 12 9 11 10   the resulting sum of squares of each 3 consecutive elements is 20510, so the standard dart boards are, in this sense, more flat distributions.  Needless to say, all of these arrangements are much more flat than the natural monotonic sequence     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20  which has a sum of 24350.  By the way, note that if the sum of the squares of every sum of three consecutive numbers for a given arrangement is S, then we can form another arrangement with the same sum simply by taking the "21-complement", i.e., subtracting each number from 21. For example, the complement of the standard London arrangement is    1 20 3 17 8 15 11 6 19 4 18 2 14 5 13 10 7 12 9 16 which has the same sum (20478) as the London arrangement. This works because if we begin with an arrangement a,b,c,d,... having the sum   S = (a+b+c)^2 + (b+c+d)^2 + (c+d+e)^2 + ... and replace each of the numbers a,b,c,... with 21-a, 21-b, 21-c,... respectively, the sum S' of this complementary arrangement is   S' = [(21-a)+(21-b)+(21-c)]^2 + [(21-b)+(21-c)+(21-d)]^2 + ...    = [63-(a+b+c)]^2 + [63-(b+c+d)]^2 + ...    = S + 20(63)^2 - 2(63)[(a+b+c)+(b+c+d)+...] Each of the numbers from 1 to 20 appears three times in the summation inside the square brackets in the last term, so that summation equals 630, and hence S' = S. (The same identity applies to the N+1 complement for sums of squares of every sum of k consecutive terms of a circular arrangement of the first N integers.) How would we go about finding the circular arrangement of the integers 1 to 20 that gives the smallest sum of squares of every sum of three consecutive numbers? One possible approach would be to begin with the monotonic arrangement and then check each possible transposition of two numbers to see which one gives the lowest result. Then make that change and repeat the process, at each stage always choosing the transposition that gives the steepest reduction in the sum. This "greedy algorithm" produces arrangements with the following sum


"Known in English as ""The Soldiers Song"" is the national anthem of which European country?"

THE NATIONAL ANTHEM OF THE REPUBLIC IRELAND - A SOLDIERS SONG LYRICS A Soldiers Song Lyrics The National Anthem of the Republic Ireland Miscellaneous Seo dhibh a cháirde duan óglaigh, Cathréimeach briomhar ceolmhar, ár dtinte cnámh go buacach táid, 'S an spéir go min réaltogach Is fonnmhar faobhrach sinn chun gleo 'S go tiúnmhar glé roimh thíocht do'n ló Fé chiúnas chaomh na hoiche ar seol: Seo libh canaídh Amhrán na bhFiann Curfá: A tá fé gheall ag éirinn, buion dár slua Thar toinn do ráinig chugainn, Fé mhóid bheith saor. Sean tír ár sinsir feasta Ní fhagfar fé'n tiorán ná fén tráil Anocht a théam sa bhearna bhaoil, Le gean ar Ghaeil chun báis nó saoil Le guna screach fé lámhach na bpiléar Seo libh canaídh Amhrán na bhFiann. Cois bánta réidhe, ar árdaibh sléibhe, Ba bhuachach ár sinsir romhainn, Ag lámhach go tréan fé'n sár-bhrat séin Tá thuas sa ghaoith go seolta Ba dhúchas riamh d'ár gcine cháidh Gan iompáil siar ó imirt áir, 'S ag siúl mar iad i gcoinne námhad Seo libh, canaídh Amhrán na bhFiann Curfá We'll sing a song, a soldier's song, With cheering rousing chorus, As round our blazing fires we throng, The starry heavens o'er us; Impatient for the coming fight, And as we wait the morning's light, Here in the silence of the night, We'll chant a soldier's song. Chorus: whose lives are pledged to Ireland; Some have come from a land beyond the wave. Sworn to be free, No more our ancient sire land Shall shelter the despot or the slave. Tonight we man the gap of danger In Erin's cause, come woe or weal "Mid cannons" roar and rifles peal, We'll chant a soldier's song. In valley green, on towering crag, Our fathers fought before us, And conquered 'neath the same old flag That's proudly floating o'er us. We're children of a fighting race, That never yet has known disgrace, And as we march, the foe to face, We'll chant a soldier's song. Chorus


Which letter in Morse Code is represented by Dot Dash?

International Morse Code International Morse Code For learning Morse code it is recommended that you do not try to remember dots and dashes, but remember the Morse code sounds instead. Letter CL, Going off the air ("clear") -.-..-.. DO, Change to wabun code -..--- KN, Invite a specific station to transmit -.--. SK, End of transmission (also VA) ...-.- I am ready to copy QRV? Are you ready to copy? QRL The frequency is in use QRL? Is the frequency in use? QTH What is your location? Notes If the duration of a dot is taken to be one unit then that of a dash is three units. The space between the components of one character is one unit, between characters is three units and between words seven units. To indicate that a mistake has been made         and for the receiver to delete the last word, send ........ (eight dots). The prosigns are combinations of two letters sent together with no space in between. The other abbreviations and Q codes are sent with the normal spacing. I am a father and foster carer a principal research engineer at the IT Innovation Centre a Woodcraft Folk district coordinator a salsa teacher and in my spare time I write and maintain this web site © Copyright Stephen C. Phillips, 2015


Who devised and created the Blake's Seven TV series?

Who devised the original series of Survivors? « Survivors – BBC TV Survivorsbbctv Survivors (2008-2010) Survivors is a two series (twelve episode) post-apocalyptic TV drama broadcast on BBC One and the BBC HD channel between November 2008 and February 2010 . The BBC declined to commission a third series . Brought to the screen by showrunner (and lead script writer) Adrian Hodges , the programme was a 're-imagining' of the classic end-of-the-world drama Survivors , devised by Terry Nation shown on BBC1 between 1975 and 1977, and drew its initial inspiration from Nation's 1976 Survivors novel . All three series of the original Survivors and both series of the new Survivors are available for purchase on Region 1 and Region 2 DVD. Both series of the new Survivors are also available for purchase through iTunes . The cancelled show attracted renewed audience interest in the US, when both series one and series two of Survivors were licenced by the Netflix , Amazon Instant Video and Hulu service streaming services. In the UK, in 2012, the BT Vision service began to offer both series for streaming download, as part of its range of TV channel packages and on a pay-per-episode basis.


"Known in English as ""Royal March"", the national anthem of which country has no words?"

Spanish National Anthem - "La Marcha Real" (ES/EN) - YouTube Spanish National Anthem - "La Marcha Real" (ES/EN) Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Jul 17, 2011 National Anthem of Spain - "La Marcha Real" (The Royal March) Includes lyrics in both Spanish (Spain) and English. Category


Definitions of Semiotic Terms Semiotic Terminology   Semiotics, or semiology, is the study of signs, symbols, and signification. It is the study of how meaning is created, not what it is. Below are some brief definitions of semiotic terms, beginning with the smallest unit of meaning and proceeding towards the larger and more complex: Signifier: any material thing that signifies, e.g., words on a page, a facial expression, an image. Signified: the concept that a signifier refers to. Together, the signifier and signified make up the Sign: the smallest unit of meaning. Anything that can be used to communicate (or to tell a lie). Symbolic (arbitrary) signs: signs where the relation between signifier and signified is purely conventional and culturally specific, e.g., most words. Iconic signs: signs where the signifier resembles the signified, e.g., a picture. Indexical Signs: signs where the signifier is caused by the signified, e.g., smoke signifies fire. Denotation: the most basic or literal meaning of a sign, e.g., the word "rose" signifies a particular kind of flower. Connotation: the secondary, cultural meanings of signs; or "signifying signs," signs that are used as signifiers for a secondary meaning, e.g., the word "rose" signifies passion. Metonymy: a kind of connotation where in one sign is substituted for another with which it is closely associated, as in the use of Washington for the United States government or of the sword for military power. Synecdoche: a kind of connotation in which a part is used for the whole (as hand for sailor). Collections of related connotations can be bound together either by Paradigmatic relations: where signs get meaning from their association with other signs, or by Syntagmatic relations: where signs get meaning from their sequential order, e.g., grammar or the sequence of events that make up a story. Myths: a combination of paradigms and syntagms that make up an oft-told story with elaborate cultural associations, e.g., the cowboy myth, the romance myth. Codes: a combination of semiotic systems, a supersystem, that function as general maps of meaning, belief systems about oneself and others, which imply views and attitudes about how the world is and/or ought to be. Codes are where semiotics and social structure and values connect. Ideologies: codes that reinforce or are congruent with structures of power. Ideology works largely by creating forms of "common sense," of the taken-for-granted in everyday life.


Which English football club play home games at Roots Hall?

Southend United Official Football Shirts & New Kit Releases Southend United 2016/17 Nike Home & Away Shirts Southend United unveil both their all-new Nike home and away shirts for League One next term. Phil Brown's Southend United prepare for next season with a new kit collection created by Nike seeing their trademark navy blue home shirt pose proudly again which also features clean white trim at the v [...] Southend United unveil both their all-new Nike home and away shirts for League One next term. Phil Brown's Southend United prepare for next season with a new kit collection created by Nike seeing their trademark navy blue home shirt pose proudly again which also features clean white trim at the v [...] Southend United 15/16 Nike Home & Away Kits League One outfit Southend United have officially launched their new home and away kits for the 2015-16 season. With the 2014-15 home shirt for the Shrimpers using the highly popular Vistory II Jersey template the new home shirt for the side uses a version of the Park V Jersey template boasting a [...] League One outfit Southend United have officially launched their new home and away kits for the 2015-16 season. With the 2014-15 home shirt for the Shrimpers using the highly popular Vistory II Jersey template the new home shirt for the side uses a version of the Park V Jersey template boasting a [...] Southend United 2014-15 Nike Home Kit Having launched their new away kit this week, League Two outfit Southend United have officially revealed their new home kit by Nike.  The new home kit for the Shrimpers features a popular Nike kit template used also used by the likes of Charlton Athletic this season [...] Having launched their new away kit this week, League Two outfit Southend United have officially revealed their new home kit by Nike [...] Southend United 2014-15 Nike Away Kit League Two side Southend United have officially revealed their new away kit for the 2014-15 season. Wearing a university yellow coloured away shirt last season, the new away kit features the same colours in a classic sash design. The new kit template by Nike is the same as Blackburn Rovers away s [...] League Two side Southend United have officially revealed their new away kit for the 2014-15 season. Wearing a university yellow coloured away shirt last season, the new away kit features the same colours in a classic sash design [...]


On board ship what is kept in a binnacle?

* Binnacle (Boating) - Definition,meaning - Online Encyclopedia Many novice sailor s, confusing the words 'binnacle' and ' barnacle ', have wondered what their illnesses had to do with crusty growths found on the hull of a ship . Their confusion is understandable. BINNACLE BITT ... Binnacle: Protective housing for ship 's compass Bitter End (the): The Bitter End is the last link in an anchor cable which is attached to a removable pin called the Bitt on the side of the chain locker . BINNACLE : A stand or case for housing a compass so that it may be conveniently consulted. Binnacles differ in shape and size according to where used and the size of the compass to be accommodated. binnacle - A box, case or stand that houses a compass (which is usually illuminated at night). It is commonly used to raise the compas to a convenient height. binocular - A telescopic instrument, for the use of both eyes simultaneously, having two tubes - each furnished with lenses. Binnacle A housing for the steer ing compass . Usually an up standing pedestal with the compass housed in the top , but may be less ambitious in the average family boat . (Was Bittacle in bygone times.) Binnacle List : A ship 's sick- list . In the eighteenth century and probably before, a list was given to the officer or mate of the watch , containing the names of men unable to report for duty. The list was kept at the binnacle. Binnacle - the post on which the ship 's compass is mount ed or the box the compass is kept in Bireme - an early Roman galley propelled by two banks of oars Bite - to hold fast to the ground ( bottom ); said of the anchor ... Binnacle A wooden case or box, which contained compass es, log - glass es, watch - glass es and light s to show the compass at night. Binnacle A kind of box to contain the compass es in upon the deck . Birth ... Binnacle -- A case in which the compass is contained. Block and block -- When the block s of a tackle are hauled close together. Bolt rope -- The rope sewn round the edges of sails. It is made of the best hemp. Binnacle - A support for the compass , raising it to a convenient position. Board boat - A small boat , usually mono rig . May have a shallow cockpit well . Typically has almost no freeboard . Binnacle Biscuit ... BINNACLE; A pedestal or mount ing which holds the compass . BIRCH- BARK CANOE; A canoe with hull cover ed by one or more pieces of stitched birch- bark . BITT ; A sturdy post on which to tie anchor or mooring line s. BINNACLE. The wooden case or box which contains the compass . BISCUIT S. A composition of flour, well kneaded and slowly baked; it preserves a long time, and is used by sailor s instead of bread at sea . BITE . The anchor is said to bite when it has a good hold of the ground . Binnacle - The stand on which the ship 's compass is mount ed. Binnacle List - A ship 's sick list . The list of men unable to report for duty was given to the officer or mate of the watch by the ship 's surge on. The list was kept at the binnacle. Binnacle List - Sick list ; a listing of the names of the men current ly in sick bay and unable to perform their duties due to sickness or injury. This list was originally to be found attached to the binnacle. Biologics - The sound s generated by sea life, when picked up on sonar . Bird farm - Air craft carrier. binnacle W: The wooden housing for a ship 's compass , with its corrector magnets and illuminating arrangements; the log and other equipment for measuring the ship 's speed is also stowed there. " Binnacle The mount for the compass , usually located on the wheel 's pedestal . Bitt A sturdy post mount ed on the bow or stern to which anchor or mooring line s may be attached. Bitter end The end of a line . Also the end of the anchor rode attached to the boat . Binnacle - The mount and housing for the compass , usually located on the wheel 's pedestal . Bird's Nest - A small round platform, smaller than a Crow's Nest, which was placed at the top of the mast to provide a greater range of vision from a ship at sea . binnacle. A support for a compass ; as in: If you p


In which British city was Saint Enoch's Railway Station?

Glasgow, St Enoch Station | Canmore Glasgow, St Enoch Station Alternative Name(s) St Enoch Square Canmore ID 44333 Ordnance Survey licence number 100057073. All rights reserved. © Copyright and database right 2017. 3/1921 SC 1315618 Glasgow, general view, showing George Square and Central and St Enoch Stations. Oblique aerial photograph taken facing west. This image has been produced from a print. © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795486 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795465 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 768377 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 753769 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 411502 RAF National Survey (Air Photographs), 1944-1950 28/3/1948 © RCAHMS DP 093449 View from NW of St Enoch Station Hotel, Glasgow. Since demolished. Titled: 'St Enochs Station Hotel, Glasgow. 2519 J.V'. © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733577 View from SE showing ESE and SSW fronts of central awning with main part of station in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588679 Glasgow, St. Enoch Station View from NE showing ESE front of hotel with ESE front of station in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 1437852 Albert Bridge to George V Bridge Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland. Oblique aerial photograph taken facing North/West. This image was marked by AeroPictorial Ltd for photo editing. © Crown Copyright: HES SC 1437741 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733571 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 796391 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 796389 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795468 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733574 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733572 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 676214 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 1438187 St Enoch's Square and Station and Argyll Street Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland. Oblique aerial photograph taken facing North/West. © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588864 Glasgow, St. Enoch Station View from SE showing diesel intercity set (Ayr train) with station in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588856 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume DP 195248 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795480 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795478 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795464 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733579 View from SE showing ESE and SSW fronts of S awning with main part of station in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588861 Glasgow, St. Enoch Station View from W showing base of lamp standard with signal box and engine shed in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588857 Glasgow, St. Enoch Station View from W showing lamp standard with signal box and engine shed in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 361950 Detail of ironwork on the roof of the South train shed, St. Enoch Station, Glasgow. The station closed in 1966 and the building was demolished in 1977. Now the site of the St Enoch Centre. © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795490 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795484 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 795472 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733578 View from SE showing ESE and SSW fronts of S awning with main part of station in background © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 676213 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588862 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 356569 © RCAHMS SC 1315411 Glasgow, general view, showing St Enoch Station and Argyle Street, Glasgow. Oblique aerial photograph taken facing north-west. This image has been produced from a marked print. © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 733580 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 648791 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 588855 © RCAHMS. Reproduced courtesy of J R Hume SC 367288 Interior view of departure board and kiosks, St Enoch Station, Glasgow. The station closed in 1966 and the building w


Which English football club are nicknamed the Shakers?

Why Shakers Why Shakers Why are Bury FC Called Shakers? Image by :       Martin Ogden, Bury FC Why are Bury called the Shakers? It's the most asked question that the club receives, from young to old, they all want to know exactly why are Bury Football Club called the Shakers? So here it is, the definitive answer "It was the 1892 Lancashire Cup Final on 23 April that the clubs nickname of 'The Shakers' first came into being. Mr. J T Ingham was Chairman cum team manager at the time and it is this gentleman who is alleged to have been questioned about his team's ability to beat the supposedly stronger opponents that day. It has been recorded down the years since that Mr. Ingham retorted as follows:- 'We shall shake 'em, in fact, we are the Shakers' And that was seized upon by the press of the day and since then, the club have been known as 'The Shakers.' Some reports suggest that Mr. Ingham may have actually uttered the phrase at the semi-final game against Everton, but what is certain, is that Bury Football Club's nickname came into existence during the famous Lancashire Senior Cup success of 1892." So if somebosdy asks, now you know..... Related Article


Hagiology is a branch of Literature dealing with the lives and stories of whom?

Hagiology - The Full Wiki The Full Wiki Hagiology: Wikis Advertisements Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn't yet, but we're working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . Related top topics (Redirected to Hagiography article) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Hagiography (pronounced /ˌhæɡiˈɒɡrəfi/) is the study of saints . A hagiography, from the Greek (h)ağios (ἅγιος, "holy" or "saint") and graphē (γραφή, "writing"), refers literally to writings on the subject of such holy people, and specifically to the biographies of ecclesiastical and secular leaders. The term hagiology, the study of hagiography, is also current in English, though less common. (This, in fact, follows original Greek practice, where ἁγιογραφία refers to visual images of the saints, while their written lives (βίοι or vitæ) or the study thereof are known as ἁγιολογία.) Christian hagiographies focus on the lives, and notably the miracles of men and women canonized by the Roman Catholic church , the Anglican Communion , the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Oriental Orthodox Church . Other religions such as Buddhism and Islam also create and maintain hagiographical texts concerning saints and other individuals believed to be imbued with the sacred. The term "hagiographic" has also been used as a pejorative reference to the works of biographers and historians perceived to be uncritical or "reverential" to their subject. Contents 9 External links Development of hagiography Hagiography constituted an important literary genre in the early Christian church , providing some informational history with the more important inspirational stories and legend . A hagiographic account of an individual saint can constitute a vita or brief biography, an Acta Sanctorum or account of the deeds of the individual, or it may be condensed into a passio , concentrating on the saint's martyrdom . The genre of lives of the saints first came into being in the Roman Empire as legends about Christian martyrs and were called martyrologies . In the 4th century, there were three main types of catalogs of lives of the saints: annual calendar catalogue, or menaion (in Greek , menaios means "month") (biographies of the saints to be read at sermons ); synaxarion , or a short version of lives of the saints, arranged by dates; paterikon (in Latin, pater means "father"), or biography of the specific saints, chosen by the catalog compiler. In Western Europe hagiography was one of the more important vehicles for the study of inspirational history during the Middle Ages . The Golden Legend of Jacob de Voragine compiled a great deal of mediæval hagiographic material, with a strong emphasis on miracle tales. Lives were often written to promote the cult of local or national states, and in particular to develop pilgrimages to visit relics . The bronze Gniezno Doors of Gniezno Cathedral in Poland are the only Romanesque doors in Europe to feature the life of a saint. The life of Saint Adalbert , who is buried in the cathedral, is shown in 18 scenes, probably based on a lost illuminated copy of one of his Lives. The Bollandist Society continues the study, academic assembly, appraisal and publication of materials relating to the lives of Christian saints. (See Acta Sanctorum .) Hagiography of the mediæval period in England With the introduction of Latin literature into England in the 7th and 8th centuries the genre of the life of the saint grew increasingly popular. It is not surprising that such a genre would become popular in England. When one contrasts it to the popular heroic poem, such as “ Beowulf ,” one finds that they share certain common features. In “ Beowulf ,” the titular character battles against Grendel and his mother, while the saint, such as Athanasius ’ Anthony (one of the original sources for the hagiographic motif) or the character of Guthlac , battles against figures no less substantial in a spiritual sense. Both genres then focus on the hero-warrior figure, but with the distinctio


Which was the first London Underground railway line?

1906 - Elephant & Castle station opens 1915 - The line is extended from Baker Street to Queen's Park 1939 - The Bakerloo line takes over the Stanmore branch of the Metropolitan line 1979 - The Jubilee line opens and, after 40 years, the Stanmore branch of the Bakerloo line closes 1982 - The four peak period trains between Queen's Park and Watford Junction are withdrawn 1989 - Services between Queen's Park and Harrow & Wealdstone restart Central Line The Central Line, originally called the Central London Railway, opened on 30 July 1900 as a cross-London route from Bank to Shepherd's Bush. Popular from the start, part of its success stemmed from the cost: a flat fare of two old pence to travel. This inspired the press to call it the 'Tuppenny Tube.' In 1908, London hosted the Franco-British exhibition, the largest fair of its kind, which attracted 8 million visitors. At the time, the exhibition site was little more than a cluster of white buildings with no official name but when the Central line extended to the site, it officially became known as White City. In the 1990s, the Central line was upgraded to automatic operation, making it the second Underground line, after the Victoria line in the 1960s, to use this technology. Key Central line dates 1900 - Central London Railway opens 1908 - The line extends west to Wood Lane to support the White City Exhibition 1912 - The line extends east from Bank to Liverpool Street 1920 - The line extends west to Ealing Broadway 1945 - After the war, new tracks next to to the main line railway start to be used. They run from North Acton to West Ruislip and include new tunnels from Liverpool Street to Leyton 1994 - The Epping to Ongar shuttle service closes, due to low passenger numbers Circle line Although the first circular service started in 1884, the Circle line as we know it didn't really begin until the 1930s. The 'Circle line' name first appeared on a poster in 1936 but took another 13 years for it to get its own, separate line on the Tube map. The tracks used by the Circle line were run by the Metropolitan Railway and District Railway, two companies who couldn't agree on how to run the line. Their differences initially meant that District Railway ran the clockwise trains and Metropolitan Railway, the anti-clockwise trains. In December 2009, the Circle line was broken and replaced by an end-to-end service between Hammersmith and Edgware Road, via Aldgate. Key Circle line dates 1884 - The first circular service begins 1868 - The Paddington to Farringdon (Metropolitan Railway) line extends to South Kensington. The District Railway opens its new line from South Kensington to Westminster at the same time 1884 - The District Railway line finally extends to Mark Lane (now Tower Hill). It meets the Metropolitan Railway line to create a full circle 1905 - The line is electrified 1933 - Metropolitan Railway and District Railway become part of the London Passenger Transport Board 1936 - The 'Circle line' name appears on a poster for the first time 1949 - The Circle line gets its own line on the Tube map 2009 - The Circle line is broken and replaced by and end-to-end service District line The District line first opened on Christmas Eve 1868, between South Kensington and Westminster. In the years following, it extended both east and west, even going as far as Windsor. In 1883, the line was extended from Ealing Broadway to Windsor and has run services as far as Southend, during its time. Uxbridge and Hounslow were part of the District line until they were transferred to the Piccadilly line in 1933 and 1964. Key District line dates 1868 - The first section of what is now the District line begins. It runs between South Kensington and Westminster 1869 - New tracks open between Gloucester Road and West Brompton 1874 - The line extends to Hammersmith, Richmond in 1877 and Ealing Broadway in 1879 1885 - The two-year old Ealing to Windsor service ends 1884 - The line extends to Mark Lane (now Tower Hill) 1910 - The line extends to Uxbridge, following an earlier extension to Hounslow (in 1884) Hammersm


What name is given to a prison or cell on a US ship?

Brig - definition of brig by The Free Dictionary Brig - definition of brig by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/brig 1. A two-masted sailing vessel, square-rigged on both masts. 2. A jail or prison on board a US Navy or Coast Guard vessel. 3. A jail or guardhouse, especially on the premises of a US military installation. [Short for brigantine . Senses 2 and 3, from the use of ships as prisons.] brig 1. (Nautical Terms) nautical a two-masted square-rigger 2. (Military) chiefly US a prison, esp in a navy ship [C18: shortened from brigantine] a Scot and northern English word for a bridge 1 brig a. a two-masted vessel square-rigged on both masts. b. the compartment of a ship where prisoners are confined. 2. a military prison; guardhouse. [1705–15; short for brigantine ] Brig. 1. brig - two-masted sailing vessel square-rigged on both masts sailing ship , sailing vessel - a vessel that is powered by the wind; often having several masts 2. brig - a penal institution (especially on board a ship) penal facility , penal institution - an institution where persons are confined for punishment and to protect the public ship - a vessel that carries passengers or freight brig [brɪg] N (Naut) → bergantín m brig (= ship) → Brigg f (US: = cell on ship) → Arrestzelle f (auf einem Schiff); (Mil sl) → Bunker m (sl) Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: Brigge References in classic literature ? In my native town of Salem, at the head of what, half a century ago, in the days of old King Derby, was a bustling wharf -- but which is now burdened with decayed wooden warehouses, and exhibits few or no symptoms of commercial life; except, perhaps, a bark or brig, half-way down its melancholy length, discharging hides; or, nearer at hand, a Nova Scotia schooner, pitching out her cargo of firewood -- at the head, I say, of this dilapidated wharf, which the tide often overflows, and along which, at the base and in the rear of the row of buildings, the track of many languid years is seen in a border of unthrifty grass -- here, with a view from its front windows adown this not very enlivening prospect, and thence across the harbour, stands a spacious edifice of brick. View in context He had received information, also, that an armed brig from Halifax, probably at the instigation of the Northwest Company, was hovering on the coast, watching for the Tonquin, with the purpose of impressing the Canadians on board of her, as British subjects, and thus interrupting the voyage. View in context And while he discussed within his own mind what sort of shape or similitude it were well to bestow upon this excellent piece of timber, there came into Drowne's workshop a certain Captain Hunnewell, owner and commander of the good brig called the Cynosure, which had just returned from her first voyage to Fayal. View in context Miss Bordereau sailed with her family on a tossing brig, in the days of long voyages and sharp differences; she had her emotions on the top of yellow diligences, passed the night at inns where she dreamed of travelers' tales, and was struck, on reaching the Eternal City, with the elegance of Roman pearls and scarfs.


In which English county can the Prime Minister's country house Chequers be found?

David Cameron gives the Queen tour of Chequers | Daily Mail Online comments For the first time in almost two decades, the  Queen visited Chequers yesterday. But if she was excited to be back, she hid it rather well behind her solemn expression. It was only the third visit the monarch has made to the Prime Minister’s country retreat, and her first since she accompanied Sir John Major in 1996. David Cameron – who is given a weekly audience at Buckingham Palace – arranged the trip so that he could ‘host her for a change’, No10 said. The Queen was shown a wall of photographs of former Prime Ministers at the Buckinghamshire country residence Prince Philip also took an interest in the photographs, before heading outside to plant a tree Mr Cameron said he was 'delighted' to invite them to the Prime Minister’s country retreat after unearthing old photographs of a 1970 visit by US President Richard Nixon. After a tour of the house, the rare occasion was marked by the Duke of Edinburgh planting an oak tree in the grounds. RELATED ARTICLES Share Prime Ministers regularly use Chequers to host allies, world leaders and celebrities. But the Queen has not been to the grace-and-favour home near Ellesborough in Buckinghamshire for 18 years, and has only ever been invited by Tory Prime Minister.  There were no trips under Gordon Brown, Tony Blair or Margaret Thatcher. The Queen last paid a visit when Sir John Major was prime minister in 1996. After today's lunch Mr Cameron wrote on Twitter: 'Delighted to host Her Majesty the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh for lunch at Chequers today.' Tour: David Cameron showed the Queen around Chequers after lunch, with his wife Samantha looking on It was the first time the Queen has been to the Prime Minister's country retreat since 1996 A LUNCH MENU FIT FOR A QUEEN Starter Bread and butter pudding with icecream Cheese and biscuit A Downing Street spokesman said: ‘The last time the Queen visited Chequers in 1996 she planted an oak tree in the grounds and the Prime Minister thought this would be a nice thing to do on this occasion.’ The menu for today’s lunch included Scottish smoked salmon for starter, a main course of lamb with potato and vegetables and bread and butter pudding and icecream for dessert, followed by cheese and biscuits. According to chef Alan Lavender, who worked at Chequers from 1986 until 2010, Sir John served the Queen warm marinated salmon before presenting her with a jar of home-made Chequers chutney. Her first visit was in October 1970 when she joined the then-PM Edward Heath and US president Richard Nixon.  She was photographed outside the red bricked Tudor mansion with the PM, Nixon and his wife Pat. ‘The PM and the Queen see each other regularly and the Queen hosts the PM at the palace once a week,’ the Downing Street spokesman added. ‘The PM thought this would be a good opportunity to have lunch with him, to host her for a change when he had been at Chequers he found some old photos of previous visits by the Queen including a visit with President Nixon in 1970 and thought it would be nice to host her again.’ The Duke of Edinburgh planted an oak tree in the grounds, after the Queen did the same in 1996 Mr Cameron decided to invite the Royals for lunch after unearthing photographs of an earlier visit with Richard Nixon Before leaving Chequers, the Queen signed a visitors' book, with the Prime Minister and Duke of Edinburgh looking on At the time of the Nixon lunch several hundred people gathered at the main entrance of the estate, with a few holding anti-American placards calling for peace in Vietnam. The guests dined on fillet of sole with lobster, smoked salmon, roast sirloin of beef and ice cream with mangoes, strawberries and peaches. Chequers and its 1,000 acre estate were bequeathed to the nation in 1917 by Sir Arthur Lee, an MP and director-general of food production. The Prime Minister's grace and favour country retreat regularly hosts world leaders and celebrities, but the Queen has only been twice during her reign Mr Cameron made the invitation a


Which is generally considered to be Shakespeare's last play, written in 1611?

SparkNotes: The Tempest: Context The Tempest Table of Contents Plot Overview The most influential writer in all of English literature, William Shakespeare was born in 1564 to a successful middle-class glove-maker in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. Shakespeare attended grammar school, but his formal education proceeded no further. In 1582 he married an older woman, Anne Hathaway, and had three children with her. Around 1590 he left his family behind and traveled to London to work as an actor and playwright. Public and critical acclaim quickly followed, and Shakespeare eventually became the most popular playwright in England and a part-owner of the Globe Theater. His career bridged the reigns of Elizabeth I (ruled 1558–1603) and James I (ruled 1603–1625), and he was a favorite of both monarchs. Indeed, James granted Shakespeare’s company the greatest possible compliment by bestowing upon its members the title of King’s Men. Wealthy and renowned, Shakespeare retired to Stratford and died in 1616 at the age of fifty-two. At the time of Shakespeare’s death, literary luminaries such as Ben Jonson hailed his works as timeless. Shakespeare’s works were collected and printed in various editions in the century following his death, and by the early eighteenth century his reputation as the greatest poet ever to write in English was well established. The unprecedented admiration garnered by his works led to a fierce curiosity about Shakespeare’s life, but the dearth of biographical information has left many details of Shakespeare’s personal history shrouded in mystery. Some people have concluded from this fact and from Shakespeare’s modest education that Shakespeare’s plays were actually written by someone else—Francis Bacon and the Earl of Oxford are the two most popular candidates—but the support for this claim is overwhelmingly circumstantial, and the theory is not taken seriously by many scholars. In the absence of credible evidence to the contrary, Shakespeare must be viewed as the author of the thirty-seven plays and 154 sonnets that bear his name. The legacy of this body of work is immense. A number of Shakespeare’s plays seem to have transcended even the category of brilliance, becoming so influential as to affect profoundly the course of Western literature and culture ever after. The Tempest probably was written in 1610–1611, and was first performed at Court by the King’s Men in the fall of 1611. It was performed again in the winter of 1612–1613 during the festivities in celebration of the marriage of King James’s daughter Elizabeth. The Tempest is most likely the last play written entirely by Shakespeare, and it is remarkable for being one of only two plays by Shakespeare (the other being Love’s Labor’s Lost) whose plot is entirely original. The play does, however, draw on travel literature of its time—most notably the accounts of a tempest off the Bermudas that separated and nearly wrecked a fleet of colonial ships sailing from Plymouth to Virginia. The English colonial project seems to be on Shakespeare’s mind throughout The Tempest, as almost every character, from the lord Gonzalo to the drunk Stephano, ponders how he would rule the island on which the play is set if he were its king. Shakespeare seems also to have drawn on Montaigne’s essay “Of the Cannibals,” which was translated into English in 1603. The name of Prospero’s servant-monster, Caliban, seems to be an anagram or derivative of “Cannibal.” The extraordinary flexibility of Shakespeare’s stage is given particular prominence in The Tempest. Stages of the Elizabethan and Jacobean period were for the most part bare and simple. There was little on-stage scenery, and the possibilities for artificial lighting were limited. The King’s Men in 1612 were performing both at the outdoor Globe Theatre and the indoor Blackfriars Theatre and their plays would have had to work in either venue. Therefore, much dramatic effect was left up to the minds of the audience. We see a particularly good example of this in The Tempest, Act II, scene i when Gonzalo, Sebastian, and Antonio a


'Barwick Green' is the theme tune to which radio serial?

Classic BBC Radio Theme ~ The Archers - YouTube Classic BBC Radio Theme ~ The Archers Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Aug 29, 2009 This is "Barwick Green" and is the theme music to the long-running BBC Radio 4 soap opera The Archers. It is a "maypole dance" from the suite My Native Heath, written in 1924 by the Yorkshire composer Arthur Wood, and named after Barwick-in-Elmet. This recording used between 1950 and the 1990s was played by Sidney Torch and his Orchestra The Sunday omnibus broadcast of The Archers starts with a more rustic, accordian -arranged rendition by The Yetties Category


To within 1 year either side, in which year did the half crown cease to be legal tender in the U

The Coinage of Britain - Recoinage 1816 to Decimalization 1,488,960   The system of coinage begun in 1816 was to endure with only minor changes until decimalization in 1970.  The minting of copper coins resumed in 1821 when farthings were produced for George IV.  These were followed by pennies and halfpence from 1825 onwards.  All three denominations continued to be produced in most years until 1860 based on the standards established in 1806 and used a seated figure of Britannia for the reverse design.  The date was carried on the obverse below the portrait bust.  Most of the obverses were engraved by William Wyon, whose initials often appear in the design.  George IV large copper penny 1826 Similar pennies were struck until 1860 by William IV and Victoria Weight 288 grains, 18.8 grammes - Diameter 34 mm.   In 1860 a change to the use of bronze instead of copper brought much smaller and lighter coins, half that of the copper coinage, and the use of a new portrait bust of Queen Victoria wearing her hair in a bun, hence the description "bun penny" etc.  This was engraved by William Wyon's son, Leonard Charles Wyon.  The standard for all three bronze coins was maintained until the reign of Queen Elizabeth II.  Production of the farthing ended in 1956 and it ceased to be legal tender after 1960.  The penny and halfpenny were minted until 1967.  The penny enjoyed a brief life after the introduction of decimal coins in 1970 before being demonetized on 31 August 1971.  The halfpenny ceased to be legal tender in 1969.   Victoria bronze halfpenny introduced 1860 together with bronze pennies and farthings   In silver, crowns were minted until 1847, among them the so-called "Gothic Crown" of Queen Victoria, probably the most beautiful coin ever made.  This was followed by a gap of 40 years until the Jubilee coinage of 1887, when production was resumed.  After 1902 production was abandoned, only to be reintroduced in the reign of George V in 1927, after which it became a commemorative issue rather than being intended for circulation.  COMMEMORATIVE CROWNS 1935 Jubilee of George V (Art Deco St.  George and dragon) 1937 Accession of George VI 1951 Festival of Britain in 1951 1953 Coronation of Elizabeth II in 1953 1960 British Trade Fair in New York 1965 Death of Sir Winston Churchill   This Winston Churchill crown is thought by many to be the most unattractive coin ever produced, an unfitting end to a noble series. The halfcrown was minted fairly constantly until 1850 when it was supplanted by the florin valued at two shillings, intended as the first step to the introduction of a decimal coinage.  In 1874, after the interest in decimalization had waned, the halfcrown was reintroduced, and continued in parallel to the florin until 1967.  It was demonetized in December 1969.  The florin itself, when first introduced in 1849, caused something of a furore as it omitted the letters "D.G.", meaning Dea Gratia (By the grace of God) from the obverse legend and was dubbed the "Godless florin".  The omission was corrected on subsequent issues.  Those issued 1851-1887 used a "Gothic" bust and lettering similar to that on the crown.  The florin was incorporated seamlessly into the decimal coinage of 1970 as ten new pence, well over a century after the purpose for which it was originally intended.  It remained legal tender until 1992.   Queen Victoria - "Godless" florin 1849 An innovation in 1887 was the double florin or four-shilling piece, forming part of the series of coins struck to mark the Queen's Jubilee.  This series used the new "Jubilee head" portrait bust designed by Sir Joseph Edgar Boehm.  This double florin was unpopular with the public and only lasted three years before it was discontinued. Queen Victoria - double florin 1887  The shilling was struck in most years until 1966.  From 1831 to 1887 it used the a reverse incorporating the words "ONE SHILLING" surmounted by a crown and surrounded by oak leaves.  Queen Victoria - silver Shilling 1871 The shillings of George V and Elizabeth II had two different reverse types. One with a li


The US Presidential retreat Camp David is in which state?

Camp David | presidential retreat, Maryland, United States | Britannica.com presidential retreat, Maryland, United States Written By: Palazzo Vecchio Camp David, formerly (until 1953) Shangri-La, rural retreat of U.S. presidents in Catoctin Mountain Park, a unit of the National Park Service on a spur of the Blue Ridge Mountains in Frederick county, northern Maryland , U.S. Camp David lies just west of Thurmont and 64 miles (103 km) northwest of Washington, D.C. The retreat, which comprises a scenic mountainous area of 200 acres (81 hectares), is surrounded by maximum-security fencing and is closed to the public. It was established as Shangri-La in 1942 by Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt , who named it for the Tibetan paradise in James Hilton ’s novel Lost Horizon. Pres. Harry S. Truman made it the official presidential retreat in 1945, and Pres. Dwight D. Eisenhower renamed it Camp David in 1953 for his grandson. The retreat is administered by the White House Military Office and includes a presidential office and living quarters, swimming pool, and meeting hall. Since the meeting there between President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill during World War II , it has been the scene of a number of high-level presidential conferences with foreign heads of state. In 1959, at the height of the Cold War , Eisenhower hosted Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev at Camp David. In September 1978, through the intervention of Pres. Jimmy Carter , the retreat was the site of a historic peace agreement (known as the Camp David Accords ) reached between Egyptian Pres. Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin . In May 2015 Pres. Barack Obama convened a rare international summit at the mountain retreat with leaders from member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council . Learn More in these related articles:


To within 1 year either side - in which year did the sixpence cease to be legal tender in the UK?

::: A Short History of English Coins ::: Celtic roots   The first coins used in Britain were imported from the Belgica, a Celtic tribe from Northern France. These were copies of the gold stater coin of Philip II, king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia. This is such a lovely coin and was so influential that it has to be reproduced here.   When the first Celtic coins were minted in Britain around 80 B.C., they were Potins made of cast bronze and based on coins of Massilia (Marseilles) which had a head of Apollo on one side and a bull on the other with the letters MA. The French word potin was an alloy of copper, zinc and lead with more than 25% tin content. Examples have been found at various sites in Kent but are known as ‘Thurrock type’. Judging by these the quality of workmanship is poor with the bull and MA hardly visible.   By about 55 B.C. various tribes of Britons were producing gold and silver Staters and the king's head and the horse motifs had developed into beautiful abstract art. Atrebates gold stater. Courtesy of Numismatica Ars Classica Auctions, 2009. Durotriges gold stater. Courtesy of the Sygun Museum of Wales. This gold stater was minted by the Iceni who had a major fort at Thetford in Norfolk. It known as ‘British J’ coin and came about when the more usual horse motif was replaced by a wolf by the Iceni moneyers.   The Roman’s arrival in 43 A.D. brought Roman coinage to Britain which took over from the Celtic staters but when they left England around 450 A.D. the widespread use of money ended and transactions returned to the ancient barter system. During their occupation of Britain the Romans used their own coins amongst themselves including the gold Aureus/Solidus and the silver Denarius. However the Sestertius (=4 asses), Dupondius (=2 asses), both made from orichalcum (an alloy possibly a type of brass made from copper, zinc and tin), and the copper As were probably used for low-value purchases with and among the resident population. Roman Copper As of Trajan V This is a copper as from the time of the famous emperor, Trajan from around 100 AD. The obverse shows the bust of Trajan and his titles IMP[ERATOR] CAES[AR] NERVA TRAIAN AVG[USTUS] GERM[ANICUS] P[ONTIFEX] M[AXIMUS]. The important part is Caesar Nerva, “Heir to Emperor Nerva”. On the reverse legend reads TR[IBUNICIA] POT[ESTATE] CO[N]S[UL] III P[ATER] P[ATRIAE] =“Father of his Country”. The letters SC stand for ‘Senatus Consulto’ meaning “[struck] by order of the Senate” and winged Victory has a shield inscribed SPQR.   The arrival of the Anglo-Saxons didn’t change things at first but gradually, from around the year 600, coins began to re-appear. The Viking colonisation of the north-east of England introduced coins minted in York. King Cnut silver penny. Courtesy of York Coins. This is a Viking silver penny probably from the Cuerdale Hoard and dating around 900. The obverse shows the legend CVNNETTI and the reverse legend has the letters C N V T making the sign of the cross and R E X around.   The Anglo-Saxons struck a gold Thrymsa, copied from Roman bronze coins, up to around 675, later the silver Sceatta weighing around 16 grains and later still the copper Styca. Gold Thrymsa. Courtesy of Gloucester City Museum. The thrymsa is very rare. Only seven have been found with the inscription W TON known as Wunetton type. This one was discovered near Newent in Gloucestershire. It dates to around 650 and is now in the Gloucester City Museum.   The most long-lived coin that was invented was the silver Penny which replaced the sceatta. A Denier had been struck by Charlemagne in the kingdom of the Franks about 755 AD, and the King of Kent at the Canterbury mint and King Offa of Mercia at the London mint based their new coins on this but it was only when Eadgar became King of all England in 959, reigning until 975, that the silver penny was used throughout England. The old abbreviation d for penny comes from the denier, which in turn derives from the Roman denarius. Ref. Spink 1148. Sold at auction by Lockdales, Ipswitch on Sept 23rd


'Approaching Menace' is the theme tune to which TV quiz show?

Neil Richardson, composer of Mastermind theme tune, dies aged 80 | The List Neil Richardson, composer of Mastermind theme tune, dies aged 80 Source: List.co.uk comments Photo: Brian Ritchie/BBC Neil Richardson, the English composer and arranger most well-known for writing the piece of music used as the theme tune to TV quiz show Mastermind, has died. He was 80. The iconic theme, which is suitably titled 'Approaching Menace', has been used on the flagship BBC quiz show from its inception in 1972 to the present day. That's a full 38 years of striking terror into the heart of contestants, who you would think probably have enough to get nervous about facing up to prospect of potential humiliation on national television, without an equally terrifying piece of music to help them on their way to very public heart failure. The potential for suspense that a well-chosen piece of mood music can have on the already tense atmosphere of a TV quiz is something the makers of The Weakest Link clearly kept in mind. An extract of just a couple of seconds of each theme is enough to shatter the nerves of most pub quiz teams. Like much music used on TV, it was originally composed as a piece of library music - music composed and recorded for use in various projects which does not require a commissioning fee. Compilations of library music are often used by TV producers and filmmakers looking to add music to their project economically. Mastermind is one of the longest-running, serious and most challenging of TV quiz shows. The iconic status earned by the show has led to it being satirised in sketches by The Two Ronnies, Smith & Jones and others.


What is the world's most southerly national capital city?

Coldest Capital Cities of the World Updated July 29, 2015. What Is the Coldest Capital City? The coldest capital city in the world is not in Canada or in Northern Europe but in Mongolia; it's Ulaan-baatar, with an average annual chilly temperature of 29.7°F and -1.3°C. How to Determine Which Is Coldest? Southern capital cities just don't reach far enough south to get very cold. For instance, if you think about the southernmost capital in the world -- Wellington, New Zealand - images of ice and snow are probably far from your mind. Thus, the answer had to lie in the higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Searching WorldClimate.com for the annual mean of the daily (24 hour) temperature for each capital city in that area, one can find which cities are, in general, the coldest. A List of the Coldest Cities Interestingly, Ottawa, considered an extremely cold city in North America, had an average of "only" 41.9°F/5.5°C -- meaning it wasn't even in the top five! It's number seven. Also interesting is that the northernmost capital city in the world -- Reykjavik, Iceland -- is not number one; it falls in the list at number five. continue reading below our video 4 Tips for Improving Test Performance Good data for the capital of Kazakhstan, Astana, just doesn't exist, but it would appear from nearby climate data and other sources of information that Astana falls between number one (Ulaan-baatar) and number three (Moscow). Here's the list... Ulaan-Baatar (Mongolia) 29.7°F/-1.3°C Astana (Kazakhstan) unavailable Moscow (Russia) 39.4°F/4.1°C Helsinki (Finland) 40.1°F/4.5°C Reykjavik (Iceland) 40.3°F/4.6°C Tallin (Estonia) 40.6°F/4.8°C Ottawa (Canada) 41.9°F/5.5°C


In what year was the old age pension introduced in the UK?

BBC NEWS | Business | The state pension turns 100 The state pension turns 100 By Ian Pollock Personal finance reporter, BBC News The new state pension marked a revolution in welfare policy Sir Mick Jagger, now 65, receives his first state pension payment this month. This modest increase to his wealth coincides with the 100th anniversary of the start of the state pension system. The Old Age Pensions Act was passed in August 1908 and the first payments were made on 1 January 1909. That month, just over half a million old and very poor people queued up at their local post offices to collect the first state pension payments available in the UK. Limited scope The maximum payment of five shillings (25p) for a single man or woman was meagre - the equivalent of just under ï¿½20 a week now. To get even this you had to be at least 70 years old, at a time when only about 5% of the population were older than that. It was means-tested too. Full pension 5 shillings per week, equivalent to ï¿½19.30p now 1 in 200 lived to age 100 10 workers for every pensioner 1.2 million aged over 70 (in 1901) Source: Department for Work and Pensions You were only eligible for the new payment if your income was less than 12 shillings a week, and the pension could be reduced if you had too much furniture. You might be denied it at all if you had been sent to prison in the previous ten years, were habitually drunk, had never worked when able to do so, or were otherwise of bad character. "The state was stepping in to replace the punitive poor law there had been before," says Pat Thane, professor of contemporary British history at the University of London. "It did provide for more people, but it didn't provide enough to live on and it was a very stringent means test." To check up on claimants and their entitlement, civil servants known as pensions officers would visit people in their homes, assess their circumstances and then make recommendations to a separate pensions committee. Only then might you be authorised to receive a pension book to cash in each week. 'A new phenomenon' Before the 1908 Old Age Pensions Act was passed there had been more than three decades of public debate, agitation and campaigning in favour of the creation some sort of public pension system. The bad old days of the work house The Friendly Societies, whose collective savings schemes were aimed at the more prosperous workers, and the workhouses of the Victorian poor laws, aimed at the totally destitute, were both buckling under the strain of people beginning to live longer. "For the first time many people were living beyond the point when they were physically capable of working," says the Conservative MP David Willetts, in a historical pamphlet for the actuaries Punter Southall. "The Victorians called this new phenomenon retirement," he adds. Five government committees and a Royal Commission all examined various proposals over 30 years but nothing was done until the Liberals won a huge electoral victory in 1906. Within two years the new system was on the law books. "It was the very first universal cash benefit without the stigma of the Poor Law," says Mr Willetts. "Despite the years of argument about National Insurance and the importance of contributions it had no contribution condition. "That in turn meant that help could reach pensioners straight away," he says. Big changes The current state pension system has changed enormously since 1909, and will do so for many more years to come. In 1928 it was revamped and targeted at all workers, with the pension age reduced to 65, but with the still small payments now dependent on workers paying in. Then in 1948, along with the National Health Service, came what is still the modern state pension system, proposed during the war years by Sir William Beveridge. STATE PENSIONS NOW - 2008


Which motorway connects London to Swansea?

How to Get to Swansea from London by Train, Bus and Car By Ferne Arfin Updated August 09, 2016. Getting to Swansea, on the coast of South Wales, takes time. It's at least a short break commitment - not a day trip - but it's well worth it. Swansea is the gateway to T he Gower and some of Britain's most beautiful beaches . It's also the hometown of Catherine Zeta Jones. And - take my word for it - the Mumbles Pier is where to find the best paper cones full of chips (French fries) on earth. Use these information resources to compare travel alternatives and to plan your journey. How to Get to Swansea By Train Great Western runs direct trains from London Paddington Station to Swansea every few hours. The trip takes about three hours and in 2016 their cheapest round trip fare was about £58.50 for off-peak services when purchased in advance as two single (one way) tickets. Book Train Tickets for the UK UK Travel Tip - Finding the right combination of one-way tickets to arrive at the cheapest fare for a longer journey can be confusing and time consuming. You can spend a lot of time trying out different combinations. It's easier to let National Rail Enquiries do it for you with their cheapest fare finder.  To get the best fare, be flexible about travel time and click the "All Day" button on the far right of the form. continue reading below our video Best Road Trip Apps By Bus National Express Coaches from London to Swansea take between 4 1/2 and 5 1/2 hours going and up to 7 hours returning (on a late bus). You can spend about £46 on a round trip but if you buy your tickets in advance and you are willing to leave about mid day in both directions, you could spend as little as £17. Cheap, non-refundable tickets, known as fun fares are available on a first come, first served basis to advance ticket buyers. The best way to find these bargain fares is to use the  Cheap Fare Finder to discover the lowest prices and special offers. Buses travel between Victoria Coach Station in London and Swansea several times a day. Bus tickets can be purchased online. There may be a booking fee from 50 pence to £2 depending upon the type of ticket you buy. Paper tickets, e-tickets that you print yourself and m-tickets for mobile phones are all available. Book Bus Tickets in the UK By Car Swansea is 187 miles west of London via the M4 and A483 roads. It takes at least 3 hours 40 minutes to drive and, given the erratic traffic on the M4 (the main route to London from Heathrow), it can take a lot longer. Remember too that gasoline, called petrol in the UK, is sold by the liter (a little more than a quart) and the price is usually between $1.50 and $2 a quart Use the Automobile Association Route Planner to map a route with suggested stopovers and gasoline stations. Check Daily Petrol (Gasoline) Prices If You Do Decide to Stay Swansea is a small city with a university so at certain times of year - during special campus events, start and end of term - it can be hard to book a room. Plan well ahead if that's when you are traveling.


In Star Wars what alien species is Chewbacca?

Chewbacca | Wookieepedia | Fandom powered by Wikia "You two play fast and loose." "It's worked so far." ―Caluan Ematt, on Chewbacca and Han Solo's tactics [src] However, before they could depart for Tatooine to pay Jabba, Organa would ask Solo to run an errand for the Rebellion, which Chewbacca convinced him to accept—to rescue Lieutenant Caluan Ematt from Cyrkon . On the Falcon, the two made their way to the planet, only to find themselves confronted by the Vehement , which they avoided with a false IFF transponder , and landed in Motok . There, they were immediately attacked by some of Jabba's bounty hunters, including Captivator , which prompted Solo to accuse them of being "Rebels" and set them against ISB Commander Alecia Beck 's garrison. [11] Chewbacca slipped away with Solo to the Miss Fortune cantina , where they found their old friend Delia Leighton , to whom they asked about Ematt's location. After she told them their destination and the password, Chewbacca and Solo rented a V-40 and went into a hotel, where they met Ematt, but were attacked by the bounty hunters again, as Leighton had revealed their location to save Curtis 's life. However, they escaped and made their way to the Falcon, only to be ambushed by Beck and more than forty stoormtroopers. [11] Chewbacca, Solo and Ematt confronted by Alecia Beck. Forced to surrender, Chewbacca, Solo and Ematt were taken into custody, with Beck focusing on Ematt and leaving Chewbacca and Solo to the stormtroopers. Unbeknownst to the Imperials, Solo noticed the Miss Fortune making their way to save them, but with the magnetic field activated, it would be pointless. Once aware of Solo's intentions, Chewbacca pretended to be angry at Solo and shoved him, sending him flying into a trooper to grab his E-11 blaster rifle and destroy the field generators, flooding the hangar with Cyrkon's toxic gases. Soon enough, the Miss Fortune opened fire at the Imperials, and Chewbacca made his way to the Falcon to start the engines while Solo helped Ematt and recovered their weapons. [11] Soon in Cyrkon's orbit along with the Miss Fortune, they found themselves against the Vehement and eight TIE fighters. They engaged the starfighters , defeating several of them, until the Miss Fortune's took a hit that damaged its navicomputer; Chewbacca saw Solo's nobler side when he decided to cover the 1550-LEX space yacht to make a run for Cyrkon's atmosphere just as the Vehement's tractor beam advanced towards them. They resisted the beam by entering the planet's atmosphere themselves, while Leighton fled, and approached Motok in a dead-engine glide, daring Beck into catching the Falcon at the price of destroying the city with the tractor beam and turning Cyrkon against the Empire. As she desisted, the Falcon began its fall to the ground and the two pilots manually restarted the engines, just in time to avoid crashing into the city and escape. [11] Andelm IV Edit Sometime later, he was on an important solo mission to deliver a box, when the flight stabilizer of his ship malfunctioned. Forced to crash-land on Andelm IV , Chewbacca went to a city to obtain a replacement and engaged a Besalisk vendor. Their deal was interrupted by a fugitive young girl, Zarro , who tried to sell her stolen speeder bike . The Besalisk, however, refused and tried to betray her to the planet's crime lord, Jaum . Chewbacca stopped him, though, by having the Besalisk sell him the stabilizer. However, he did not have enough credits to buy it. Subsequently, he went to a cantina and played sabacc, successfully doubling his credits. Chewbacca then noticed the girl from before, and helped her hide from Jaum's men. [19] Afterwards, Zarro followed him as he bought the stabilizer and tried to convince into helping her save her father and friends. Unable to delay his mission, Chewbacca repaired his ship, and changed his mind to leave the planet when Zarro mentioned her people had been enslaved by Jaum. Unknown to Chewie and Zarro, Jaum was planning to export the Andelm beetle larvae to the Empire to be processed into Dedlanite ,


In terms of population what is New Zealand's largest city?

New Zealand Main Cities Home » New Zealand Information » New Zealand Main Cities New Zealand Main Cities New Zealand is a relatively small country, with a population of little more than 4 million people. Consequently, our cities and towns are mostly quite small with large amounts of forestry and farmland surrounding them. If you are looking for a great place to holiday, then New Zealand is the perfect place. Throughout New Zealand you will find beautiful scenery, adrenaline activities, world-class skiing, geothermal attractions, towering alps, cascading waterfalls, vast glaciers, a strong culture, rich heritage and great lifestyle options. The main cities in the North Island of New Zealand are: Name Auckland 405,000 Auckland is the largest city in New Zealand. The city is built around 2 large harbours, and has many world famous attractions including the Sky Tower. The Auckland Region has a population of about 1.3 million people, and enjoys a warm, temperate climate. Wellington 393,000 Wellington is the Capital City of New Zealand and is home to Parliament, the head offices of all Government Ministries and Departments and the bulk of the foreign diplomatic missions in New Zealand. It is also home to Te Papa (the ground-breaking interactive Museum of New Zealand) and the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra. Hamilton 129,000 Hamilton rests on the banks of the Waikato River, south of Auckland City. The vast underground network of caves and caverns at Waitomo are near to Hamilton City. Tauranga 121,000 Tauranga City rests on the south-eastern edge of the Tauranga Harbour and enjoys a sunny, "subtropical" climate. One of New Zealand's fastest growing cities, the Port of Tauranga is a main New Zealand export port. The sunny, beachy lifestyle attracts holiday makers from around the world - many come to swim, surf, kayak and kitesurf the local beaches. Palmerston North 78,000 Palmerston North is a vibrant city with a large youth population. The city enjoys a rich arts and theatre scene with many restored heritage buildings. Here you will find Massey University and several other institutes of importance. Rotorua 70,000 Rotorua is a multi-cultural city, built in the heart of a geothermal wonderland, with bubbly mud pools, spouting geysers and hissing vents. There are 17 lakes in the Rotorua district that offer great freshwater fishing, waterskiing, swimming and other water activities. Hastings 66,000 Located less than 20 kilometres from Napier, Hastings has many heritage buildings. Other local attractions include Splash Planet - a large amusement park, Cape Kidnappers - home to the world's largest mainland gannet colony and Te Mata Peak. Napier 58,000 A seaport, Napier was leveled in 1931 by a devastating earthquake, and rebuilt in the Art Deco style of the day. Today Napier prides itself as the "Art Deco Capital". Wine tours, heritage tours, sailing, fishing and other activities are popular here. New Plymouth 52,000 New Plymouth is a port city, known for its beautiful gardens. A popular attraction is the Coastal Walkway - an 11 kilometre path that forms an expansive sea-edge promenade stretching almost the entire length of the city. Whangarei 52,000 Whangarei is the northernmost city in New Zealand and enjoys a sunny, oceanic climate. Whangarei is a popular holiday detsination, with spectacular beaches and beautiful scenery. Some of the larger towns in the North Island include: Name Wanganui 43,000 Wanganui is a large town built on the shores of the Whanganui River. Wanganui located about 75 kilometres northwest of Palmerston North. The surrounding region is a part of New Zealand's Nature Coast, featuring rivers, beaches, lakes, mountains, parks and golf courses. The Whanganui River is the longest navigable river in the country, with 239 rapids and stunning bush scenery. Gisborne 34,000 Gisborne enjoys a sunny climate and is one of the first places in the world to see each new day. Gisborne is also the first part of New Zealand to be sighted by the crew of Captain James Cook's ship the Endeavour. Whakatane 33,000 Whakatane is a populat


Which motorway connects Bristol to the M4?

CBRD » Motorway Database » M4 Main Images Timeline Exit List Easily one of the most varied motorways in Britain, from urban chaos in west London and Heathrow Airport, out through the rolling hills of Gloucestershire, across the Severn Estuary and through industrial South Wales, the M4 does it all. efore the M4 Severn Bridge was built, there was no road crossing of the Severn south of Gloucester, meaning that traffic between South Wales and southern England had to drive the A40, far out of its way to the north and frequently congested at Gloucester, or go via Bristol and Chepstow, choosing between the Severn ferry or the railway tunnel. The train and boat options were not particularly well used, but the bridge certainly is today, which suggests that the lack of a decent crossing was preventing a great number of journeys from happening at all. In 1996, the Second Severn Crossing opened, carrying a widened and improved M4 over the estuary. The original Severn Bridge and Wye Bridge, along with a substantial length of ex-M4 at each side, now form the M48 . Built and opened at the same time, the M49 was designed to cut congestion at the M5 junction, cutting the corner between the south-west, Bristol and the new bridge. Because of these multiple motorway connections ( M48 , M49 , M48 again, M5 and M32 ), the M4 holds the UK record with five consecutive motorway-to-motorway interchanges. Given that the first section of this motorway was opened in 1959 — the Chiswick Flyover, which was initially part of the A4 but was designed to become part of the motorway a few years later — it is surprising to learn that it remained in two disconnected parts until 1994. Plugging the gap was a six-mile section of the A48 at Briton Ferry in South Wales, with a motorway bypass delayed again and again due to the difficult marshy land and a navigable river. The problem was only solved very late in the day with a large and horrendously expensive viaduct over the top of the whole thing. Factfile


Who was Prime Minister when pensions were introduced?

Former Prime Ministers | History of government Former Prime Ministers — No 10 guest historian series , Prime Ministers and No. 10 There is no fixed or predetermined role for former Prime Ministers in Britain. What they do after they leave office depends on their personal choices and on circumstances. While there is therefore little in the way of a common pattern, many of the fifty-two previous occupants of Number 10 Downing Street have done plenty of worthwhile, interesting and significant things in the years after they closed the famous black door behind them for the last time. Of course, a long life and good health are essential ingredients for a successful post-premiership. General advances in medicine and public health help explain why the average age at death of eighteenth-century Prime Ministers was just 64, of nineteenth-century premiers 74, and by the twentieth century had risen to 81. Indeed, four twentieth-century Prime Ministers ( Winston Churchill ,  Harold Macmillan ,  Alec Douglas-Home  and  James Callaghan ) made it into their 90s. But seven British Prime Ministers died in office and a further nine died within two-and-a-half years of leaving Number 10. Overall since the eighteenth century, the average age of all ex-Prime Ministers on leaving Number 10 was 61, the average age at death was 73: so the average post-premiership or retirement has been 12 years long. Since the eighteenth century as many as fourteen (one in four) Prime Ministers have ‘come back’ to serve in later governments led by others. Some of these prime-ministerial ‘retreads’ had had short tenures in Number 10. For example  Douglas-Home  who, after less than a year as PM, went on to serve as Foreign Secretary 1970-74; or the  Duke of Wellington  who, after two brief terms as PM, arguably exercised more influence as a senior party figure, Minister without Portfolio in  Robert Peel ’s government from 1841-46 and also as Commander-in-Chief of the Army from 1842 until his death in 1852.  Arthur Balfour  was PM for only three years but then went on to serve as a Cabinet minister for eleven years during and after the First World War and in the 1920s, under three different prime ministers. Tony Blair  immediately gave up his seat in the House of Commons on leaving Number 10, but  David Lloyd George  stayed on in the Commons for a further twenty-two years and  Edward Heath  for twenty-seven years. The House of Lords has provided many others with a platform, enabling them to air their views and contribute to political debate. From the mid-nineteenth century until comparatively recently a hereditary earldom was the ‘going rate’ for Prime Ministers who were not already peers. Macmillan was the last former Prime Minister to accept a hereditary earldom, in 1984, more than twenty years after leaving office.  Douglas-Home  was the first to go to the Lords with a life peerage, in 1974. Meanwhile, from  Sir Robert Walpole  to  Sir John Major , twenty-nine Prime Ministers or former Prime Ministers became Knights of the Garter – Britain’s highest order of knighthood. Indeed, so far only nine Prime Ministers have ended their days as plain ‘Mr’, without accepting either a peerage or knighthood:  Henry Pelham ,  George Grenville ,  William Pitt the Younger ,  Spencer Perceval ,  George Canning ,  William Gladstone ,  Andrew Bonar Law ,  Ramsay MacDonald , and  Neville Chamberlain . Historically, many former Prime Ministers were privately wealthy and able to retire to their country estates.  Walpole  amassed a large personal fortune in office. Lords Bute  in the eighteenth century and  Rosebery  in the nineteenth were already among the wealthiest men in the country and married fabulously rich heiresses: when Rosebery died in 1929, he left £1.7 million – the equivalent of nearly £60 million in today’s money. But some former Prime Ministers had money troubles, both in and out of office. Both  William Pitt the Elder  (the Earl of Chatham) and his son,  William Pitt the Younger , died leaving massive debts that were eventually paid off by Parliament with public funds.