"On what TV show would you see Daleks saying ""exterminate""?"

Daleks (Character) - Quotes Daleks (Character) from "Doctor Who" (1963) The content of this page was created by users. It has not been screened or verified by IMDb staff. Rose Tyler :  Can't get rid of me. The Doctor :  I thought you were dead. Dalek :  Open the bulkhead! Rose Tyler :  Don't do it! Dalek : [to the Doctor] What use are emotions if you will not save the woman you love? Rose Tyler :  You don't have to do this any more. There must be something else, not just killing. What else is there? What do you want? Dalek :  I want... freedom. Dalek :  And the coward survived. The Doctor :  Oh, and I caught your little signal, help me, poor little thing. But there's no-one else coming cause there's no-one else left. Dalek :  I am alone in the universe. The Doctor :  Yep. Dalek :  So are you. We are the same. The Doctor :  We're not the same! I'm not the... No, wait, maybe we are... Yeah, right, yeah, okay. You've got a point 'cause I know what to do. I know what should happen. I know what you deserve. Exterminate! [he flips a switch which begins to electrocute the Dalek] The Doctor :  All right then. If you want orders, follow this one. [pause] The Doctor :  Kill yourself. Dalek :  The Daleks must survive! The Doctor :  The Daleks have failed! Why don't you finish the job, and make the Daleks extinct? Rid the universe of your filth! Why don't you just *die*? Dalek : [evenly] You would make a good Dalek. Dalek :  Why do we survive? The Doctor :  I don't know. Dalek :  I am the last of the Daleks. The Doctor :  You're not even that. Rose did more than regenerate you. You've absorbed her DNA. You're mutating. The Doctor :  Not for a Dalek. Dalek :  I can feel. So many ideas. So much darkness. Rose, give me orders. Order me to die. Rose Tyler :  I can't do that. Dalek :  This is not life. This is sickness. I shall not be like you. Order my destruction! Obey! *Obey*! O-BEY! [the Dalek self destructs] Dalek : [scared] Keep back! The Doctor : [the Doctor confronts the Dalek] What for? What're you going to do to me? Because if you can't kill, then what are you good for... Dalek? What's the point of you? You're nothing! What are you doing here? What the hell are you here for? Dalek :  I am waiting for orders. The Doctor :  What does that mean? Dalek :  I am a solider, I was bred to receive orders. The Doctor :  Well, you're never going to get any. Not ever. Dalek :  I DEMAND ORDERS! The Doctor :  Well they're never gonna *come*! Your race is dead! You all burned, all of you. Ten million ships on fire. The entire Dalek race, wiped out in one second. The Doctor :  I watched it happen. I *made* it happen! Dalek :  You destroyed us? The Doctor : [the Doctor walks away from the Dalek] I had no other choice. Dalek :  And what of the Time Lords? The Doctor : [pause] Dead. They burnt with you. The end of the last great Time War. Everyone lost. Rose Tyler :  Go on then, kill me. [pauses] Rose Tyler :  Why are you doing this? Dalek :  I am armed! I will kill! It is my purpose! Rose Tyler :  They're all dead because of you! Dalek :  They are dead because of *us*! Rose Tyler :  I'm begging you, don't kill him. You didn't kill me. Dalek :  But why not? Why are you alive? My function is to kill. What am I? What am I? Rose Tyler : [Rose is confronted by the Dalek] What are you waiting for? Dalek :  I feel your fear. Rose Tyler :  What do you expect? Dalek :  Daleks do not fear, must not fear. [shoots wildly twice, missing Rose completely] Dalek :  You gave me life. What else have you given me? I am contaminated! Dalek :  I fed off the DNA of Rose Tyler. Extrapolating the biomass of a time traveller regenerated me. The Doctor :  What's your next trick? Dalek :  I have been searching for the Daleks. The Doctor :  Yeah, I saw. Downloading the Internet. What did you find? Dalek :  I scanned your satellites and radio telescopes. The Doctor :  And? Dalek :  Nothing. *Where shall I get my orders now*? Rose Tyler :  Hello. Are you in pain? My name's Rose Tyler. I've got a friend, he can help.


What did Matthew Webb become the first person to swim across, in 1875?

Captain Webb swims English Channel - Aug 24, 1875 - HISTORY.com Captain Webb swims English Channel Share this: Captain Webb swims English Channel Author Captain Webb swims English Channel URL Publisher A+E Networks On August 24, 1875, Captain Matthew Webb of Great Britain becomes the first man to successfully swim the English Channel without assistance. After the feat, Webb became an international celebrity, admired for both his prowess in the water and his penchant for risk-taking. Born in Shropshire, England on January 19, 1848, Webb taught himself to swim in the River Severn at Coalbrookdale. At just 12 years old, he enlisted as a merchant seaman, and eventually was named captain of the steamship Emerald. Webb had a well-deserved reputation for recklessness, and often had trouble convincing sailors to remain in his employ. In August 1872, he became a hero in England when, while traveling on a ship, he dove into the Atlantic to rescue a fellow passenger who fell overboard. Although the man drowned, Webb emerged unscathed 35 minutes later and was rewarded with medals of bravery for his efforts. He then embarked on a career as a professional distance swimmer, taking huge risks in order to add to his fame and fortune. After hearing of a failed attempt to swim the English Channel by British swimmer J.B. Johnson in 1873, Webb set his sights on becoming the first man to swim the treacherous body of water without assistance. He made his first attempt on August 12, 1875, but was stymied by high winds and bad conditions. Unfazed, he tried again less than two weeks later. After covering himself with porpoise oil to keep warm, Webb, trailed by a flotilla of three boats, entered the water near Dover’s Admiralty Pier. Though he was stung by a jellyfish eight hours into his attempt, he persevered after being soothed by a nip of brandy. He swam into the out-rushing tide toward Cape Gris-Nez, which is now often used as the starting point for Channel swims. Finally, after 21 hours and 45 minutes of swimming against the tide—the equivalent of 39 miles–he waded onto the beach at Calais at 10:40 a.m., the morning after he began his swim, exhausted. His achievement was celebrated all over the world. On July 24, 1883, Webb attempted his final stunt: a swim across the Niagara River, downriver from Niagara Falls. Many warned him the stunt was suicide, and, unfortunately for Webb, they were right. Webb drowned in the whirlpool approximately 10 minutes after entering the water. His body was found four days later. Related Videos


"In what activity might one attempt a ""Sicilian Defense""?"

Basic ideas of the Sicilian Defence? - Chess.com Chess.com #1 May 12, 2013 Im starting to learn the sicilian defence (transitioning from1...e5)  and i want to do it one step at a time. I bought starting out the sicilian defence and have a few online resources but i thought the best way to learn the defence is to first learn the basic ideas so i was wondering if anyone could improve on my ideas here: 1. The C pawn is ment to be traded for the D pawn but gives white a lead in development but my 2 vs 1 center pawn ratio wont allow him to have any early attack. The C pawn is basically only ment to stake a claim on d5.  2. Its usually not a bad idea to fianchetto the bishop on g7 also known as the dragon bishop.  3. The Knight on b8 is very flexable. I can choose to put it on c6 or d7 and sometimes even a6.  4. Im pretty sure in the main sicilians like najdorf, schvengien, dragon i castle short so i should get used to doing that.  5. The rook on a8 99% of the time end up on c8 or d8. Its just sensable.  6. Look for the queen side pawn storm aka minority attack.  7. The knight on g8 pretty much always goes to f6.  Okay so those are the basic ideas i know about the sicilian but i do have a few question: 1. What are the main pawn breaks in the opening that i am trying to achieve later on or earlier on? 2. Are there any common knight manuevers?  3. Any other common themes you can think of? Of course this is very broad the sicilian has tons of variations but i want to start playing it without so much the memorization of lines and variations and just start playing 1...c5 with the basic sicilian ideas. FOr example, after 1.e4...c5 2.Nf3...i have no idea why black would play 2...d6 at all? i cant comprehend that.  What are some of white's ideas in most sicilians? Also, im going to start reading starting out the sicilian defence and watch GM games. Mainly fischer and kasparov.  Any other reccomondations?  #2 May 12, 2013 The sicilian is probably the most complex defence to 1. e4!. I will try to answer you as best as I can: 1. The C pawn is ment to be traded for the D pawn but gives white a lead in development but my 2 vs 1 center pawn ratio wont allow him to have any early attack.  Answer: Yes, white's best option is to open up the centre with 2. Nf3 and 3. d4. The idea is that white has to win the middlegame, else black has a nice advantage in the endgame (more control of the centre with the pawns). However, with so active white pieces, black will have to make counterattacks. Therefor, the sicilian is often double-edged.  2. Its usually not a bad idea to fianchetto the bishop on g7 also known as the dragon bishop. Answer: If you want to fianchetto, I advice you to either play the accelerated dragon or the dragon variation, don't combine. Dragodorf is just a worse variation of the dragon, and should only be a surprise weapon. The accelerated dragon (1. e4 c5 2. nf3 nc6 3. d4 cxd4 4. nxd4 g6) is meant to be positional. However, white got this bind called Maroczy Bind (5. c4!), after which he will have a nice advantage. There is still a game, but a very positional game. The dragon is just tactics. If you like sharp games, this is not for you. If you love sharp games, you must have this in your repertoire. In the yugoslav attack (1. e4 c5 2. nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. nxd4 nf6 5. nc3 g6 6. be3 bg7 7. f3 nc6 (0-0) 8. qd2 0-0 (nc6) 9. bc4, it's all about tactics. White have this ready-made pawn storm, black has a piece attack. Whoever come first wins. 3. The Knight on b8 is very flexable. I can choose to put it on c6 or d7 and sometimes even a6.  Answer: I have never seen it to a6. Often it goes to d7 in the Najdorf, because it's well placed on either e5 or c5. In other variations, it's most common on c6, to give more control of the centre. 4. Im pretty sure in the main sicilians like najdorf, schvengien, dragon i castle short so i should get used to doing that.  Answer: Dragon: Yes. Najdorf: no. Schvenningen: i dont know. In the najdorf, black often keeps his king in the centre, since it's more safe there. Kasparov was expert in making pawn sto


Who followed a white rabbit down a hole?

Down the Rabbit Hole | Follow the White Rabbit ~On Hold~ Down the Rabbit Hole Follow the White Rabbit ~On Hold~ Down the Rabbit Hole SO! You must like Willow. I mean love him so much. Just his cute personality. But isn't Alexander a cutie.  ~Alexander's Pov~         "Good morning" I yawned looking at the large dog that lay at the end of my bed. "Ready to go take some pictures buddy?" I asked looking down at my dog, Lucifer. He cocked his head to the side happily and hopped of my bed. "Well lets take some pictures boy" I smiled hopping out of bed. I got dressed quickly, grabbed my camera and darted out the door with Lucifer.          The sound of clicking filled the small meadow I had been sitting in. I looked over at Lucifer who was laying at the base of a large tree that a squirrel had previously run up. I laughed quietly watching Lucifer bark foolishly at the large tree. I smiled seeing a small white rabbit but then realized the rabbit looked weird. It was hopping in my direction but it was wearing a trench coat. It jumped lading on me then somehow changing form. It was now human. "Hello Alex" the now human boy smiled. "It's Alexander" I stopped him. "Okay?" he questioned. My mind went blank as I thought about a story my grandmother once told me. ~Flashback~         "Grandmother will you tell me one of your stories?" I asked laying in bed. "Okay Alexander" She smiled. "Once their was a little girl named Alice. One day she was laying in a meadow when a white rabbit ran by in a trench coat. The white rabbit was holding a pocket watch and yelling 'I'm late!' Alice followed the rabbit and it led her to a hole in the ground. She leaned over to far and fell down the hole. When she realized she was falling slowly Alice took the time to look around. Alice noticed that the dirt walls of the hole were covered with shelves. Before Alice knew it she had hit the ground. Alice walked down a long row of doors turning the knob of each one she passed until she stopped in front of a long red curtain. She pulled the curtain back revealing a small door. The door was only big enough for a cat or maybe a rabbit to fit thro-" She stopped talking. I looked over seeing that she fell asleep. I smiled. ~The present~         "Why are you sitting on me?" I questioned the boy. "I'm sorry Alexander, I didn't properly introduce myself . My name is Willow Grean and you're coming with me to Wasteland" I looked at him shocked. "No you mean Wonderland?" I asked looking up a Willow. "It's not Wonderland anymore Alexander. It lost all its wonder a long time ago" He stopped talking and just grabbed my hand and pulling my to the large tree. He stopped at a hole. Still gripping my hand he dove down the hole pulling me down with him. As we fell down the hole I noticed all the shelves had been broken and the cans that belonged in them weren't there. Willow's feet hit the ground as he caught me in his arms. I dug my face in his neck scared out of my mind.         I pulled my head out of his neck looking up at him. Willow was smiling. His smile was wicked yet seductive. I couldn't help but stare up at him. Willow's eyes were focused on a tattered red curtain. He started walking slowly towards it. "Willow?" I whispered. "Yes Alexander?" He stopped. "D-don't we need that special drink that says drink me to get through this door?" I asked remembering my Grandmothers story. "Only Alice used that... The other white rabbits can come and go as they please." He replied moving the tattered curtain. "Other white rabbits?" I asked. "I'll explain more later Alexander" He smiled.


What city was home to the largest library in the ancient world?

11 Most Impressive Libraries from the Ancient World - OnlineCollege.org Google+ 11 Most Impressive Libraries from the Ancient World Libraries, regardless of whether or not they attach themselves to a university, belong to a public system, or simply sit inside someone's home , exist as an essential vertebrae in society's backbone. These intellectual institutions make knowledge and education accessible to individuals, businesses and cities alike, preventing mental — and, subsequently, collective — stagnation. By no means are they anything new, either! For millennia, libraries of all shapes and sizes have kept humanity puttering ever forward, allowing for some of the greatest innovations ever conceived. Although all but one gradually fell to fire and time, these ancient wonders deserve awe and accolades for everything they've accomplished when it comes to promoting every academic and literary subject imaginable. Villa of the Papyri : Located in Herculaneum, Italy, Villa of the Papyri holds the honor of being one of the few (if not only) classical libraries to mostly survive into modern times — even after the 79 CE eruption of Mt. Vesuvius buried it beneath tons of ash. Unearthed in 1752, archaeologists discovered at least 1, 785carbonized scrolls (from which the site derives its name) still intact on the top level, while the bottom still warrants further exploration. Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus, Julius Caesar's father-in-law, may have owned the massive home, which overflowed with over 80 gorgeous sculptures (mostly bronze) and some of the era's most stylish architecture. Given the owner's predilection for philosophy, most of the reads featured in his private library were personally selected by his dear Epicurean friend Philodemus of Gadara. The Royal Library of Ashurbanipal : If nothing else about this Assyrian majesty impresses readers, the fact that it possessed the original clay tablets comprising The Epic of Gilgamesh just might. Snuggled in Nineveh, the former empire's capitol, The Royal Library of Ashurbanipal — named after its last significant king — boasted thousands of holdings. The British Museum posits the exact number at around 30,943 surviving examples. Most of these were, of course, clay tablets inscribed with Akkadian cuneiform and covered a broad range of subjects piquing the king's knowledge lust. Historians believe the grand library fell along with Nineveh itself during a 612 BCE raid by the Medes, Babylonians and Scythians. Fires meant to destroy the collections actually baked the clay and kept them preserved for millennia, though the wax reads did not fare so well. Library of Pergamum : Plutarch claims the pivotal Turkish library in ancient Pergamum (now Bergama) kept over 200,000 holdings, but a lack of any known surviving administrative records makes it impossible to really tell. Stories circulate of Mark Antony's emptying the collection onto Cleopatra VII as a seriously cool wedding present, which she then plopped straight into the Royal Library of Alexandria. Fans of biblical archaeology will love visiting its ruins, as St. John of Patmos explicitly mentioned it as one of the Seven Churches of Revelation. Nalanda University : Bahir, India is home to one of the most lauded intellectual circles of the ancient world, with Nalanda University holding tight as its nerve center from around 427 to 1197 CE. Its library, nicknamed "Dharmaganja" ("Treasury of Truth") and Dharma Ghunj ("Mountain of Truth"), allegedly burst with hundreds of thousands of texts. During its heyday, Nalanda University was praised as the world's largest collection of Buddhist literature, nurturing followers, new philosophies and helping the faith spread across South Asia. 1193 saw Turkic invaders burn down the prestigious house of learning, and legend has it the library took months before everything ended up destroyed. Theological Library of Caesarea Maritima : Before its ultimate destruction in 638 CE (estimated), the Theological Library of Caesarea Maritima existed as the biggest, most influential ecclesiastic library in the a


"What movie would have been more accurately titled ""Cretaceous Park""?"

10 Misleading and Downright Inaccurate Movie Titles We Need to Talk About | moviepilot.com 10 Misleading and Downright Inaccurate Movie Titles We Need to Talk About September 10, 2014 at 07:38AM By Mark Newton , writer at Creators.co Movie Pilot Associate Editor. Email: [email protected] In 2007 my ex-girlfriend fooled me into seeing Juno at the cinema by telling me the twee story about teenage pregnancy was actually a war movie about the Canadian invasion of France in 1944. She had clearly done her historical research . As it turned out, I quite enjoyed the movie. But my point is this, sometimes movie titles can be a bit misleading or ambiguous. Reddit recently kicked off a thread of movie titles which share almost zero relevance with the actual content of the film. Below, for your leisurely perusal, are some of their best, as well as some of our own thrown in for good measure. The NeverEnding Story Yeah. It ended. After 1 hour and 42 minutes to be exact. It should have been called the 1 Hour And 42 Minute Story. Trainspotting This is a movie which confused me as a kid. I literally thought it was a movie about looking at trains. Only later did I discover its much less wholesome content. The poster should have given it away to be honest. The Squid and the Whale Viewers expecting a sequel to Megashark vs Giant Octopus will probably be left disappointed by this painfully real comedy drama. There is a cat in it though. The Last Exorcism: Part 2 This sequel retroactively diminishes the significance of the exorcism in the first movie, whilst simultaneously making the original movie's name just plain dishonest. John Carter Yes, it includes a dude called John Carter, but I feel like the main selling point of this movie should have been all the fantastical creatures it included, plus the fact it was set on Mars. Not the fact the main protagonist has the name like a British soccer player. Jurassic Park OK, I'm getting a bit nit-picky here, but technically many of the dinosaurs we saw were alive in the Cretaceous period, not the Jurassic. Although admittedly Cretaceous Park doesn't have the same ring to it. 12 Monkeys Not only does it not feature any monkeys, but the actual group called The 12 Monkeys are also revealed to be a lot less significant than the title suggested. Apocalypse Now As it features no apocalypse, it should have been more accurately titled, Apocalypse Later. Troll 2 This film famously has perhaps one of the most misleading titles of all time. Firstly the film goes to extreme lengths to explain the monsters within it are actually goblins and not trolls, while secondly the film is also not a sequel to anything. Ghost Dog My colleague, Will's War host and, dare I say, friend, Will Wharton, regaled me with his own tale of movie title woe: "I rented Ghost Dog expecting it to basically be Casper the Friendly Ghost, but with a dog. In the end I got a film about Forest Whitaker trying to become a samurai." I should point out Will was a child when this happened. Can you think of any more film titles that have no relation to the actual content of the film? Poll Which of these film titles makes the least amount of sense? The NeverEnding Story The Squid and the Whale The Last Exorcism: Part 2 John Carter


What is either a chess piece or a religious leader?

Why is Bishop called "bishop"? - Chess.com Chess.com #1 Jun 10, 2007 Hello! I would like to ask English speaking people if they know why Bishop is called "bishop"? What is the etymology of this word? When I look this word in the English-Russian dictionary it is translated there as something like a "clergyman" or "priest". In Russian this piece is called either "officer" or "elephant" (elephant is more often). So why is this piece called "bishop" in English? What is the connection between this piece and a "priest"?!  Jun 10, 2007 I'm sure Bill Wall will know lots of detail about the history of this .  As far as I know, when chess was introduced into Western Europe the design of the pieces began to be modelled on the people found in a Medieval Court.  The Bishop was the religious representative at Court.  Over the years the shape of the piece was simplified to the shape of a mitre (the hat the the bishops wore). #3 Jun 10, 2007 Hello, Eugen! Your question is really very interesting!! I hope you will find this informative & interesting as well. Actually, questions about the origin of the universe, life on earth, & language are all time asked but never answered scientifically in a very satisfied way-- maybe we are asking the wrong questions or we are just still behind that age, the age of perfect knowledge where everything is cristal-clear. Well, hope we all live to see the truth without looking in a cristal-ball. In Morocco the chess game is a somewhat new game. It was brought in by the french colonizer-- as you may already know Morocco is a former French colony. We got complete independance in 1957. The colonizer was forced to leave but the chess game was warmly welcomed & embraced, & so it lingered on. And so it goes. Dear Eugen! If you look carefully to the elements of the chess game you will certainly come out with the following view. Very basically, the elements of the chess represent the world's societies of the mid of last millennium, especially in Europ & Assia--all of which had undergone the very same system. The king at the top of the hierarchy had the ultimate power if & only if the church(bishops) & the knights(generals) land him such a power, a symbolic power indeed. The bishops, in today terms, were a bench of politicians gathered to dectate the law & set the norms. But, at that time, the bishops were found falling far short from fulfilling any atandard. Frankly speaking, they were two-faced type of men, very manipulative. This is why their movements on the chess board are not horisontal nor vertical, they are diagonal mirroring their snake-like moves. I think it is because of their position on the chess board(next to the king & queen) & because of their diagonal movements(snake-like moves) they are called bishops. I hope this will contribute in enriching this forum. I hope this will be an invitation for more input from other memebers of the chess club.    #4 Jun 10, 2007 The origin of the name of the chess bishop is obscure.  It was introduced in the 15th century, taking the move of the courier and placed where the alfil used to be at the set up of the chess pieces on a chessboard.  The appearance of the Muslim fil was formless but with two protuberances said to symbolize the elephant from which the piece derives its name.  Perhaps these suggest the Bishop’s mitre, hence Bishop, the name used in English-speaking countries since the new game gained acceptance.  The original move of the bishop was only three squares diagonally.  By 1500 it could move to any open square diagonally. #5 Jun 10, 2007 The earliest Indian chesspieces were called shah (king), wazir (counsellor), fil (part bishop move), asp (knight), rukh (rook), and piyade (pawn). The earliest Persian names were shah, farzin, pil, asp, rukh, and piyada. In Arabic they were shah, firzan, fil, faras, rukhkh, and baidaq. Countries of the western world translated the earliest names as closely as possible. In July 2002, an ivory piece less than 2 inches in size was discovered in Butrint, an ancient Mediterranean city in souther Albania. The piece i


PLAINS INDIAN TIPI   The tipi [also spelled tepee, teepee, tepe] of the Plains Indians is a fine dwelling, where poles are available and a permanent camp is in order. It is a roomy structure in which a fire may be built, and is comfortable in extremes of heat or cold. The pattern of the tipi ( Plate A ) is cut in the shape of a half-circle (A), twice as long as it is wide, with 2 smoke flaps (B) near the center of the pattern. Fifteen by 30 feet is a good size. If the tipi is smaller, it is difficult to keep it free of smoke. Eight-ounce canvas is satisfactory for the cover. When the tipi is erected, it forms a cone shape; and the straight edges, where the smoke flaps are sewed, overlap and are held together with wooden pins. It is here that this detail should be noted. If you follow the drawing closely, you will see that one side of the straight edge has an extra strip of canvas sewed to it for this overlap (C). A double row of holes is punched along the straight edge at (C) and (D). The edge at (D) will be under the overlapping (C) edge, and the row of holes will be a trifle wider apart than (C). These holes should be reinforced with a buttonhole stitch or metal grommets inserted. A half-circle door opening (E) is cut at both ends so that when the edges are brought together a complete circular door opening will result. The door itself is. made of a round piece of canvas with additions to be turned in and hemmed (F). When the hem is completed, a flexible willow stick is inserted, making a firm door (G). A rope-loop is tied to the top of the willow stick, and is hung upon the pin just above the door and forms the hinge (H). Little pockets are made of three-cornered pieces of canvas and sewed to the tips of the smoke flaps (B). Reinforcing pieces of canvas (X) should be sewed to parts where extra strain is expected, especially around the smoke flaps and the center of the cover, which is lashed to the top of the poles (l). A rope is hemmed around the circular base, and rope loops for pegging down the tipi are equally spaced around it (J). A rope is attached at (I) which lashes the cover to the poles.   Erecting the TIPI Twelve or more poles are needed for the tipi framework ( Plate B ). These should be straight and smooth, and at least 3 feet longer than the width of the cover. If the tipi is 15 feet wide, the poles should be at least 18 feet long. Three of the strongest poles are made into a tripod (K), tied together a little higher than the height of the cover. The rest of the poles are then placed against the tripod, forming the cone-shaped frame for the canvas cover. These are lashed together at the top with rope (L) . The last pole to be placed has the tipi cover fastened� to it, it is called the "Lift Pole" and should be placed opposite to where the door is to be (M).   Pole Placement The placement of the poles is very important.  If poles are not placed correctly into the three crotches or "V's" formed by the tripod, the poles will stick out too far and make the overall crotch too large where the cover will not fit properly on the frame - requiring all the poles to be removed and reset. Save yourself some time and place them correctly to start.    The chart below show the order in which poles can be placed to provide the best arrangement to create the smallest finished crotch possible.  However, even using this method placement does not always work out right.  Therefore, after the first four poles are set into the tripod, constantly survey the pole placement and arrangement and take advantage of any small opening possible to slide a pole into.   After the tripod is setup, set number 1 to 4 poles into the crotch between the East Door Pole and the North Tripod Pole. Number 1 pole becomes a door pole.  Then, set pole numbers 5 to 8 between the East Door Pole and the South Tripod Pole.  Lastly, set Pole numbers 9 through 12 (or more as need) between the North and South Tripod poles while leaving an equal space between to later set the Lift Pole. Securely tie the cover to the Lift Pole.  The Lift Pole needs to be one of


In the electromagnetic spectrum, what type of waves are more energetic than X-Rays?

Electromagnetic Spectrum - Introduction Electromagnetic Spectrum - Introduction Basic The Electromagnetic Spectrum The electromagnetic (EM) spectrum is the range of all types of EM radiation . Radiation is energy that travels and spreads out as it goes  the visible light that comes from a lamp in your house and the radio waves that come from a radio station are two types of electromagnetic radiation. The other types of EM radiation that make up the electromagnetic spectrum are microwaves , infrared light , ultraviolet light , X-rays and gamma-rays . You know more about the electromagnetic spectrum than you may think. The image below shows where you might encounter each portion of the EM spectrum in your day-to-day life. The electromagnetic spectrum from lowest energy/longest wavelength (at the top) to highest energy/shortest wavelength (at the bottom). (Credit: NASA's Imagine the Universe) Radio: Your radio captures radio waves emitted by radio stations, bringing your favorite tunes. Radio waves are also emitted by stars and gases in space. Microwave: Microwave radiation will cook your popcorn in just a few minutes, but is also used by astronomers to learn about the structure of nearby galaxies . Infrared: Night vision goggles pick up the infrared light emitted by our skin and objects with heat. In space, infrared light helps us map the dust between stars. Visible: Our eyes detect visible light . Fireflies, light bulbs, and stars all emit visible light. Ultraviolet: Ultraviolet radiation is emitted by the Sun and are the reason skin tans and burns. "Hot" objects in space emit UV radiation as well. X-ray: A dentist uses X-rays to image your teeth, and airport security uses them to see through your bag. Hot gases in the Universe also emit X-rays. Gamma ray: Doctors use gamma-ray imaging to see inside your body.  The biggest gamma-ray generator of all is the Universe. Is a radio wave the same as a gamma ray? Are radio waves completely different physical objects than gamma-rays? They are produced in different processes and are detected in different ways, but they are not fundamentally different. Radio waves, gamma-rays, visible light, and all the other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic radiation can be described in terms of a stream of mass-less particles, called photons , each traveling in a wave-like pattern at the speed of light . Each photon contains a certain amount of energy. The different types of radiation are defined by the the amount of energy found in the photons. Radio waves have photons with low energies, microwave photons have a little more energy than radio waves, infrared photons have still more, then visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, and, the most energetic of all, gamma-rays. Measuring electromagnetic radiation Electromagnetic radiation can be expressed in terms of energy, wavelength, or frequency . Frequency is measured in cycles per second, or Hertz . Wavelength is measured in meters . Energy is measured in electron volts . Each of these three quantities for describing EM radiation are related to each other in a precise mathematical way. But why have three ways of describing things, each with a different set of physical units? Comparison of wavelength, frequency and energy for the electromagnetic spectrum. (Credit: NASA's Imagine the Universe) The short answer is that scientists don't like to use numbers any bigger or smaller than they have to. It is much easier to say or write "two kilometers" than "two thousand meters." Generally, scientists use whatever units are easiest for the type of EM radiation they work with. Astronomers who study radio waves tend to use wavelengths or frequencies. Most of the radio part of the EM spectrum falls in the range from about 1 cm to 1 km, which is 30 gigahertz (GHz) to 300 kilohertz (kHz) in frequencies. The radio is a very broad part of the EM spectrum. Infrared and optical astronomers generally use wavelength. Infrared astronomers use microns (millionths of a meter) for wavelengths, so their part of the EM spec


What is the world's largest society for high-IQ individuals?

What is Mensa? | Mensa International Mensa International What is Mensa? What is Mensa? Mensa, the high IQ society, provides a forum for intellectual exchange among its members. There are members in more than 100 countries around the world. Activities include the exchange of ideas through lectures, discussions, journals, special-interest groups, and local, regional, national and international gatherings; the investigations of members' opinions and attitudes; and assistance to researchers, inside and outside Mensa, in projects dealing with intelligence or Mensa. This is how members see Mensa    How to join mensa Membership of Mensa is open to persons who have attained a score within the upper two percent of the general population on an approved intelligence test that has been properly administered and supervised. We offer 2 ways to practise: Our online Mensa Workout is an intelligence quiz in which you have half an hour to answer 30 questions. The Workout can't be used for qualification to join Mensa, but you can see how well you do! In some countries, a pre-test is available which you can take in the privacy of your home. To find out whether such a test is available in your country, please see National Groups .


What comes next in this sequence: million, billion, trillion?

Names of LARGE and small Numbers - million, billion, trillion, quadrillion, ... | millionth, billionth, trillionth, quadrillionth, ... Names of large and small numbers The numbers names in USA and Europe USA (103+3n)


What ancient Greek sculpture has famously lost her arms?

Top 10 Greatest Sculptures - Listverse Top 10 Greatest Sculptures Reid B. Spencer December 14, 2010 Over many centuries, great artists have provided humanity with incredible things. One of those incredible things is the art of sculpting. Continue reading to learn about these absolutely astounding works of art. 10 Bronze David Made in the 1440’s, by Donatello (1386-1466), Bronze David is one of the most famous sculptures today. It is notable as the first unsupported standing work in bronze cast during the Renaissance period, and the first freestanding nude male sculpture made since antiquity. It depicts the young David with an enigmatic smile, posed with his foot on Goliath’s severed head just after killing the giant. The youth is standing naked, apart from a laurel-topped hat and boots, bearing the sword of Goliath. There is also much speculation as to when it was built. Suggested dates vary from the 1420s to the 1460s, although the exact date is not known. 9 Savannah Bird Girl Statue The sculpture, known as the Bird Girl, was created in 1936, by sculptress Sylvia Shaw Judson (1897-1978) in Lake Forest, Illinois. It achieved fame when it was featured on the cover of the 1994 novel, Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil. It was sculpted at Ragdale, the summer home of her family. Bird Girl is cast in bronze and stands 50 inches tall. She is the image of a young girl wearing a simple dress and a sad or contemplative expression, with her head tilted to the left. She stands straight, her elbows propped against her waist as she holds up two bowls out from her sides. The bowls are often described by viewers as “bird feeders.” 8 The Discus Thrower The Discus Thrower, or the Discobolus, is a famous lost Greek bronze original. The sculpture of it is still unknown. The Discobolus was completed towards the end of the severe period (460-450 BC). It is known through numerous Roman copies, both full-scale ones in marble, such as the first to be recovered, the Palombara Discopolus, or smaller scaled versions in bronze. As always in Greek athletics, the Discus Thrower is completely nude. 7 The Kiss The Kiss is an 1889 marble sculpture by the French sculptor, Auguste Rodin (1840-1917). This sculpture has a interesting story to it. it depicts the 13th-century Italian noblewoman immortalized in Dante’s Inferno, who falls in love with her husband, Giovanni Malatesta’s, younger brother Paolo. Having fallen in love while reading the story of Lancelot and Guinevere, the couple are discovered and killed by Francesca’s husband. In the sculpture, the book can be seen in Paolo’s hand. The lover’s lips do not actually touch in the sculpture to suggest that they were interrupted, and met their demise without their lips ever having touched. When critics first saw the sculpture in 1887, they suggested the less specific title Le Baiser (The Kiss). 6 Hermes and The Infant Dionysus Hermes and the Infant Dionysus, also known as the Hermes of Praxiteles or the Hermes of Olympus, is an ancient Greek sculpture of Hermes and the infant Dionysus, discovered in 1877, in the ruins of the Temple of Hera at Olympia. It is displayed at the Archaeological Museum of Olympia. It is traditionally attributed to Praxiteles and dated to the 4th century BC, based on a remark by the 2nd century Greek traveler Pausanias, and has made a major contribution to the definition of Praxitelean style. Its attribution is, however, the object of fierce controversy among art historians. The sculpture is unlikely to have been one of Praxiteles’ famous works, as no ancient replicas of it have been identified. The documentary evidence associating the work with Praxiteles is based on a passing mention by the second-century AD traveler Pausanias. 5 Lady Justice The Lady Justice Sculpture is one of the greatest known sculptures in the world. This statue is not attributed to any one artist, but the fact that it adorns so many courthouses in the world has made it one of the more popular sculptures. This sculpture goes by many names, including Scales of Justice and Blind Justice, but is most c


Whose chocolate factory did Charlie Bucket visit?

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory - Broadway | Tickets, Reviews, Info and More Charlie and the Chocolate Factory For tickets call: (877) 250-2929 × Hi, I was on TheaterMania.com and thought you might be interested in seeing this. Cancel Send Email WHAT IS IT ABOUT? For more than 50 years Roald Dahl's story of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory has captured imaginations around the world, and now for the first time Broadway audiences are invited to experience Willy Wonka's delightful and semi-dark chocolate world firsthand. Willy Wonka, world famous inventor of the Everlasting Gobstopper, has just made an astonishing announcement. His marvelous — and mysterious — factory is opening its gates…to a lucky few. That includes young Charlie Bucket, whose life definitely needs sweetening. He and four other golden ticket winners will embark on a mesmerizing, life-changing journey through Wonka's world of pure imagination. Get ready for chocolate waterfalls, exquisitely nutty squirrels, and the great glass elevator, all to be revealed by Wonka's army of curious Oompa-Loompas. Visit the Charlie and the Chocolate Factory website:


What country is geographically closest to Australia?

Australia travel guide - Wikitravel dial 000 Map of Australia and the External Territories. Australia is world famous for its natural wonders and wide open spaces, its beaches, deserts, "the bush", and "the Outback ". Australia is one of the world's most highly urbanised countries; it is well known for the attractions of its large cities such as Sydney , Melbourne , Brisbane and Perth . Geography[ edit ] Australia is the sixth-largest country by land area. It is comparable in size to the 48 contiguous United States . Australia is bordered to the west by the Indian Ocean, and to the east by the South Pacific Ocean. The Tasman Sea lies to the southeast, separating it from New Zealand , while the Coral Sea lies to the northeast. Papua New Guinea , East Timor and Indonesia are Australia's northern neighbours, separated from Australia by the Arafura Sea and the Timor Sea. Australia is highly urbanised with most of the population heavily concentrated along the eastern and south-eastern coasts. Most of the inland areas of the country are semi-arid. The most-populous states are Victoria and New South Wales , but by far the largest in land area is Western Australia . Australia has an area of 7,682,300km² (2,966,152 square miles) and the distances between cities and towns are easy to underestimate. The Government has published a National Public Toilet Map . Australia has large areas that have been deforested for agricultural purposes, but many native forest areas survive in extensive national parks and other undeveloped areas. Long-term Australian concerns include salinity, pollution, loss of biodiversity, and management and conservation of coastal areas, especially the Great Barrier Reef. Climate[ edit ] As a large island a wide variation of climates are found across Australia. Most of the country receives more than 3,000°hr of sunshine a year. Generally, the north is hot and tropical, while the south tends to be sub-tropical and temperate. Most rainfall is around the coast, and much of the centre is arid and semi-arid. The daytime maximum temperatures in Darwin rarely drop below 30°C (86°F), even in winter, while night temperatures in winter usually hover around 15-20°C (59-68°F). Temperatures in some southern regions can drop below freezing in winter and the Snowy Mountains in the South East experiences metres of winter snow. Parts of Tasmania have a temperature range very similar to England . As Australia is in the southern hemisphere the winter is June-August while December-February is summer. The winter is the dry season in the tropics, and the summer is the wet. In the southern parts of the country, the seasonal temperature variation is greater. The rainfall is more evenly distributed throughout the year in the southern parts of the East Coast, while in the rest of the south beyond the Great Dividing Range, the summers are dry with the bulk of the rainfall occurring in winter. History[ edit ] Based upon scientific evidence and theory, the island of Australia was most likely first settled more than 50,000 years ago with successive waves of immigration of people from south and south-east Asia . With rising sea levels after the last Ice Age, Australia became largely isolated from the rest of the world and tribes developed a variety of cultures, based on a close spiritual relationship with the land and nature, and extended kinship. Australian people maintained a hunter-gatherer culture for thousands of years in association with a complex artistic and cultural life - including a very rich 'story-telling' tradition. While the modern impression of Australian people is largely built around an image of the 'aboriginal desert people' who have adapted to some of the harshest conditions on the planet (equivalent to the bushmen of the Kalahari), Australia provided a comfortable living for the people amongst the bountiful flora and fauna on the Australian coast - until the arrival of Europeans. Although a lucrative Chinese market for shells and beche de mer had encouraged Indonesian fishermen to visit Northern Australia for centuri


What type of bird resembles a large crow?

Common Raven, Identification, All About Birds - Cornell Lab of Ornithology Chihuahuan Raven Backyard Tips You can attract ravens to your yard by leaving out large amounts of seed, grain, or pet food, or simply by not putting the top securely on your garbage can. These tactics might cause more trouble than they’re worth, though, attracting rodents and other pest animals or luring in ravens that may then raid nests in your yard. Find out more about what this bird likes to eat and what feeder is best by using the Project FeederWatch Common Feeder Birds bird list . Find This Bird Look for ravens anywhere from the outskirts of towns (particularly landfills) to foothill forests or scrub, and out to the deep woods of mountains and national parks. If they’re around you’re likely to hear a deep gurgling croak from far overhead: look for a long-tailed black bird flying on long wings and easy, graceful wingbeats. When driving, keep an eye out for them on the roadsides, gathered at roadkill, or flying straight down the center line on the lookout. Get Involved Report your Common Raven sightings to eBird Learn more about bird photography in our Building Skills section. Then contribute your images to the Birdshare flickr site, which helps supply the Cornell Lab of Ornithology's websites with photos, including All About Birds. You Might Also Like Ravens in Winter , by Bernd Heinrich The Accidental Reaper : Ravens are following people into new habitats (California Wild magazine) Explore sounds and video of Common Ravens from the Cornell Lab of Ornithology's Macaulay Library archive Dinner Guests : Common Ravens may be why wolves hunt in packs. Spring 2012 Living Bird magazine


"What event's results were predicted by a ""psychic"" octopus?"

The Amazing Tale of Paul the Psychic Octopus: Germany’s World Cup Soothsayer - The Daily Beast Never Forget The Amazing Tale of Paul the Psychic Octopus: Germany’s World Cup Soothsayer Sure, Germany is back in the World Cup final. But it’ll have to beat Argentina without Paul, the cephalopod that correctly predicted the results of all eight (!) German matches last go-around. Emily Shire 07.12.14 4:00 AM ET Sunday's World Cup final has the most astute soccer experts and eager bookies setting their odds on who will win. Die Mannschaft (German is such a beautiful language) is favored by many gamblers and football aficionados alike, thanks to the fact that Germany steamrolled Brazil in the semifinals on Tuesday; if the blitzkrieg could be translated to the pitch, it would look like their crushing 7-1 win over the hopeless host nation. But a German win Sunday is far from certain. Argentina has staved off the fiercest competition. It's at a time like this that Germans yearn most for Paul the Octopus, the great mollusk soothsayer for Germany. At the 2010 World Cup, the German soccer team went on an impressive tear, and it was all successfully predicted—including its semifinal loss to eventual champion Spain—by Paul the Octopus. A Brit by birth, the eight-armed oracle was born in Weymouth, England, in 2008 at the Sea Life Centre. But, his psychic performance in the British Empire was about as underwhelming as England's in the World Cup. Fiona Smith, an employee from Paul's former Weymouth home, said , “He never made any predictions while he was living here but maybe he was waiting for a big event like the World Cup until he revealed his abilities.” Sure, it totally had nothing to do with England, Fiona. His soothsaying abilities only became apparent when he was transferred to Sea Life Oberhuasen, an aquarium in Western Germany, later that year. His caretakers at Oberhausen tested Paul's psychic abilities during Euro 2008. At feeding time, Paul was presented with two different glass boxes—one bearing the German flag, the other the flag of the opponent—containing a mussel. “El Pulpo Paul” or “Paul le Poulpe,” as he has come to be known in European circles, then selected his mussel of choice, declaring his prediction for the match; he successfully divined the outcome of four out of Germany's six matches. Not too shabby for a creature less than a year old who had never set a tentacle on the pitch. The aquarium also discovered Paul had an unusual affinity for unscrewing the lids off of jars , suggesting he had abnormally strong psychic and physical prowess for an octopus. The Germans knew they had a special sea creature in their Teutonic grip. Two years later when the 2010 World Cup began, Paul's caretakers were determined to see if his predictive power would match his 2008 record. And oh, did it ever. There was a one in 256 chance that Paul would correctly divine the outcome of each German match, and he did just that—including their quarterfinal victory over Argentina. In total, he went 8-0 in his predictions, even picking Spain over the Netherlands in the World Cup final. And with each prediction, Paul amassed an array of perplexed admirers throughout Europe, eager to see what the psychic octopus would choose before each match. Sure, there were the occasional naysayers. Volker Miske , Germany's leading octopus researcher, wondered if Paul was skewed by different sized mussels or potential residue mussel flavors on the outside of the box, but most of World Cup fandom wholly believed in his genuine predictive powers. No longer did Knut reign as the most popular German non-human, for when German television station NTV started live-broadcasting Paul's predictions, he became a social media phenomenon (“Paul the Octopus” trended on Twitter), and a song remarkably similar to Bye Bye Birdie's “We love you, Conrad” was written in tribute to him. Paul was outshining Cristiano Ronaldo and Wayne Rooney. And he ultimately outshone Germany. When it came to Germany's semifinal match against Spain, Paul sent shudders through a nation when he selec


Charon: Moon or Dwarf Planet? - Farmers' Almanac Email Address: Verify Email: Thank you! You're all set to receive updates from the us! To make sure you receive our emails properly, you may want to add newsletter@farmersalmanac.com to your email address book. You are here: Home » Astronomy » Charon: Moon or Dwarf Planet? Charon: Moon or Dwarf Planet? by Jaime McLeod | Monday, August 22nd, 2011 | From: Astronomy The Debate Over Pluto: Is It A Planet Or Not? When Pluto was downgraded to a dwarf planet in 2006, astronomers began thinking in a new way about its largest moon, Charon. Charon was the first of Pluto’s four moons to be discovered, and its largest. Charon is believed to be more than half the diameter of Pluto. Because Charon is so large in comparison to Pluto, the two bodies actually revolve around one another, instead of Charon revolving around Pluto, as once believed. For this reason, some astronomers have proposed upgrading Charon to the status of dwarf planet. Here are some more interesting facts about Charon: – Charon was first discovered on June 22, 1978, by astronomer James Christy at the United States Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station. The moon (or dwarf planet, as the case may be) was first seen as a bulge appearing on some photos of Pluto. The bulge wasn’t confirmed to be a moon until nearly a decade later, when the two bodies entered a period of eclipsing one another. – The surface of Charon probably a rocky core surrounded by an icy outer layer, similar to Pluto. The moon is believed to feature numerous active volcanoes that spew ammonia-rich water. – Astronomers do not know the composition of Charon’s atmosphere, or if it even has one. Many unknown details will become clearer in 2015, when New Horizons, the first spacecraft sent to explore Pluto and its moons, arrives at its destination. – Charon is about 750 miles in diameter, just over half the size of Pluto. – It takes Pluto and Charon about 248 Earth years to complete one orbit around the Sun, and about 6.5 Earth days to revolve around one another. – The average distance between Charon and Pluto 12,160 miles. – Charon takes its name from the mythological ferryman who carried the dead across the River Styx to the realm of Hades (Pluto to the Romans), god of the underworld. Christy chose it because of its similarity to a nickname he had for his wife, Charlene. – The average surface temperature on Charon is around -390° F, a little colder than Pluto’s. – In addition to Charon, Pluto has three other moons, Nix, Hydra, and the as-yet-unnamed P4 (S/2011 P 1). Because Pluto and Charon revolve around one another, these other three moons orbit both bodies. – Charon cannot be seen with the naked eye, or with most consumer grade telescopes. It can really only be observed with some of the most powerful telescopes in the world. The first clear images of it were taken from space by the Hubble Space telescope. Whether Charon remains a moon or is eventually upgraded to a dwarf planet, it remains one of the most interesting objects in our solar system. Jaime McLeod is a longtime journalist who has written for a wide variety of newspapers, magazines, and websites, including MTV.com. She enjoys the outdoors, growing and eating organic food, and is interested in all aspects of natural wellness. Articles you might also like... 1 comment 1 Clicking Here { 04.20.16 at 7:55 am } This interface generates visual and auditory feedback on an electronic device, wherein the human player reacts upon the images on the screen in order to achieve a certain on-screen goal or objective. The best part of Star Wars games is that they can easily be molded into different genres. 3) Desert to Sea Bundle (Bioshock, Bioshock 2, Spec – Ops The Line).


What country was the #1 source of refugees in the year 2015?

Refugees and Asylees in the United States | migrationpolicy.org Refugees and Asylees in the United States You are here Refugees and Asylees in the United States October 28, 2015 By Jie Zong and Jeanne Batalova A family of Burmese refugees arrives in the United States. (Photo: Chad Nelson/World Relief) Editor's note: This article was amended to correct the data in Figure 4. The United States is the world’s top resettlement country for refugees. For people living in repressive, autocratic, or conflict-embroiled nations, or those who are members of vulnerable social groups in countries around the world, migration is often a means of survival and—for those most at risk—resettlement is key to safety. In fiscal year (FY) 2015, the United States resettled 69,933 refugees and in FY 2013 (the most recent data available) granted asylum status to 25,199 people. By the end of 2014, as wars, conflict, and persecution worldwide continued to unfold, the number of people displaced within their country or having fled internationally reached 59.5 million, according to estimates by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)—the highest level ever recorded. And by mid-2014 there were more than 1.2 million asylum seekers worldwide. Ongoing war in Syria alone has led more than 4.1 million people to seek refuge in neighboring countries and beyond and to the internal displacement of more than 7.6 million Syrians. In response to this humanitarian crisis, the Obama administration proposed to significantly increase the number of refugees the United States accepts each year—from 70,000 in FY 2015 to 85,000 in FY 2016 and 100,000 in FY 2017—and scale up the number of Syrian refugees admitted to at least 10,000 for the current fiscal year, which began October 1. The United States offers humanitarian protection to refugees through two channels: refugee resettlement and asylum status. Using the most recent data available, including 2015 refugee arrival figures from the State Department, the Department of Homeland Security’s 2013 Yearbook of Immigration Statistics, and administrative data from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and the Department of Justice’s Executive Office for Immigration Review, this Spotlight examines characteristics of the U.S. refugee and asylee population including the admissions ceiling, top countries of origin, and U.S. states with the highest resettlement. It also explores the number of refugees and asylees who have become lawful permanent residents (LPRs), followed by an explanation of the admissions process. Definitions Refugees and asylees are individuals who are unable or unwilling to return to their country of origin or nationality because of persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution. Refugees and asylees are eligible for protection in large part based on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion. The 1996 Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act expanded this definition to include persons who have been forced to abort a pregnancy, undergo a forced sterilization, or have been prosecuted for their resistance to coercive population controls. In the United States, the major difference between refugees and asylees is the location of the person at the time of application. Refugees are usually outside of the United States when they are screened for resettlement, whereas asylum seekers submit their applications while they are physically present in the United States or at a U.S. port of entry. Refugees and asylees also differ in the admissions process and the agency responsible for reviewing their application. Note: All yearly data are for the government's fiscal year (October 1 through September 30). Click on the bullet points below for more information: Admissions Process Refugee Admission Ceiling The number of persons who may be admitted as refugees each year is established by the president in consultation with Congress. At the beginning of each fiscal year, the president sets the number of refugees to be accep


SparkNotes: A Christmas Carol: Stave One: Marley's Ghost A Christmas Carol Stave One: Marley's Ghost, page 2 page 1 of 2 Summary On a frigid, foggy Christmas Eve in London, a shrewd, mean-spirited cheapskate named Ebenezer Scrooge works meticulously in his counting-house. Outside the office creaks a little sign reading "Scrooge and Marley"--Jacob Marley, Scrooge's business partner, has died seven years previous. Inside the office, Scrooge watches over his clerk, a poor diminutive man named Bob Cratchit. The smoldering ashes in the fireplace provide little heat even for Bob's tiny room. Despite the harsh weather Scrooge refuses to pay for another lump of coal to warm the office. Suddenly, a ruddy-faced young man bursts into the office offering holiday greetings and an exclamatory, "Merry Christmas!" The young man is Scrooge's jovial nephew Fred who has stopped by to invite Scrooge to Christmas dinner. The grumpy Scrooge responds with a "Bah! Humbug!" refusing to share in Fred's Christmas cheer. After Fred departs, a pair of portly gentlemen enters the office to ask Scrooge for a charitable donation to help the poor. Scrooge angrily replies that prisons and workhouses are the only charities he is willing to support and the gentlemen leave empty-handed. Scrooge confronts Bob Cratchit, complaining about Bob's wish to take a day off for the holiday. "What good is Christmas," Scrooge snipes, "that it should shut down bus iness?" He begrudgingly agrees to give Bob a day off but insists that he arrive at the office all the earlier the next day. Scrooge follows the same old routine, taking dinner in his usual tavern and returning home through the dismal, fog-blanketed London streets. Just before entering his house, the doorknocker on his front door, the same door he has passed through twice a d ay for his many years, catches his attention. A ghostly image in the curves of the knocker gives the old man a momentary shock: It is the peering face of Jacob Marley. When Scrooge takes a second re-focused look, he sees nothing but a doorknocker. With a disgusted "Pooh-pooh," Scrooge opens the door and trudges into his bleak quarters. He makes little effort to brighten his home: "darkness is cheap, and Scrooge liked it." As he plods up the wide staircase, Scrooge, in utter disbelief, sees a locomotive hearse climbing the stairs beside him. After rushing to his room, Scrooge locks the door behind him and puts on his dressing gown. As he eats his gruel before the fire, the carvings on his mantelpiece suddenly transform into images of Jacob Marley's face. Scrooge, determined to dismiss the strange visions, blurts out "Humbug!" All the bells in the room fly up from the tables and begin to ring sharply. Scrooge hears footsteps thumping up the stairs. A ghostly figure floats through the closed door--Jacob Marley, transparent and bound in chains. Scrooge shouts in disbelief, refusing to admit that he sees Marley's ghost--a strange case of food poisoning, he claims. The ghost begins to murmur: He has spent seven years wandering the Earth in his heavy chains as punishment for his sins. Scrooge loo ks closely at the chains and realizes that the links are forged of cashboxes, padlocks, ledgers, and steel purses. The wraith tells Scrooge that he has come from beyond the grave to save him from this very fate. He says that Scrooge will be visited by three spirits over the next three nights--the first two appearing at one o'clock in the morning and the final spirit arriving at the last stoke of midnight. He rises and backs toward the window, which opens almost magically, leaving a trembling Scrooge white with fear. The ghost gestures to Scrooge to look out the window, and Scrooge complies. He sees a throng of spirits, each bound in chains. They wail about their failure to lead honorable, caring lives and their inability to reach out to others in need as they and Marley disappear into the mist. Scrooge stumbles to his bed and falls instantly asleep. Commentary The opening Stave of A Christmas Carol sets the mood, describes the setting, and introduces man


What country contains most of the Ganges river delta?

Geography of the Ganges River By  Amanda Briney Updated August 03, 2015. The Ganges River, also called Ganga, is a river located in northern India that flows toward the border with Bangladesh ( map ). It is the longest river in India and flows for around 1,569 miles (2,525 km) from the Himalayan Mountains to the Bay of Bengal. The river has the second greatest water discharge in the world and its basin is the most heavily populated in the world with over 400 million people living in the basin. The Ganges River is extremely important to the people of India as most of the people living on its banks use it for daily needs such as bathing and fishing. It is also significant to Hindus as they consider it their most sacred river. Course of the Ganges River The headwaters of the Ganges River begin high in the Himalayan Mountains where the Bhagirathi River flows out of the Gangotri Glacier in India's Uttarakhand state. The glacier sits at an elevation of 12,769 feet (3,892 m). The Ganges River proper begins farther downstream where the Bhagirathi and Alaknanda rivers join. continue reading below our video 4 Tips for Improving Test Performance As the Ganges flows out of the Himalayas it creates a narrow, rugged canyon. The Ganges River emerges from the Himalayas at the town of Rishikesh where it begins to flow onto the Indo-Gangetic Plain. This area, also called the North Indian River Plain, is a very large, relatively flat, fertile plain that makes up most of the northern and eastern parts of India as well as parts of Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh . In addition to entering the Indo-Gangetic Plain at this area, part of the Ganges River is also diverted toward the Ganges Canal for irrigation in the Uttar Pradesh state. As the Ganges River then flows farther downstream it changes its direction several times and is joined by many other tributary rivers such as the Ramganga, Tamsa and Gandaki rivers to name a few. There are also several cities and towns that the Ganges River passes through on its way downstream. Some of these include Chunar, Kolkata, Mirzapur, and Varanasi. Many Hindus visit the Ganges River in Varanasi as that city is considered the holiest of cities. As such, the city's culture is also closely tied into the river as it is the most sacred river in Hinduism. Once the Ganges River flows out of India and into Bangladesh its main branch is known as the Padma River. The Padma River is joined downstream by large rivers like the Jamuna and Meghna rivers. After joining the Meghna it takes on that name before flowing into the Bay of Bengal. Prior to entering the Bay of Bengal however, the river creates the world's largest delta, Ganges Delta. This region is a highly fertile sediment laden area that covers 23,000 square miles (59,000 sq km). It should be noted that the course of the Ganges River described in the above paragraphs is a general description of the river's route from its source where the Bhagirathi and Alaknanda rivers join to its outlet at the Bay of Bengal. The Ganges has a very complicated hydrology and there are several different descriptions of its overall length and the size of its drainage basin based on what tributary rivers are included. The most widely accepted length of the Ganges River is 1,569 miles (2,525 km) and its drainage basin is estimated to be about 416,990 square miles (1,080,000 sq km). Population of the Ganges River The Ganges River basin has been inhabited by humans since ancient times. The first people in the region were of the Harappan civilization. They moved into the Ganges River basin from the Indus River basin around the 2nd millennium B.C.E. Later the Gangetic Plain became the center of the Maurya Empire and then the Mughal Empire. The first European to discuss the Ganges River was Megasthenes in his work Indica. In modern times the Ganges River has become a source of life for the nearly 400 million people living in its basin. They rely on the river for their daily needs such as drinking water supplies and food and for irrigation and manufacturing. Today the Ganges River basin is t


What were German submarines called in WWII?

Why were German submarines in WWII called 'U-boats'? - Times of India Why were German submarines in WWII called 'U-boats'? Why were German submarines in WWII called 'U-boats'? U-boat is an abbreviation of the German word 'Unterseeboot' (meaning 'submarine' or 'under the sea boat'). Feb 8, 2003, 11.02 PM IST U-boat is an abbreviation of the German word ''Unterseeboot'' (meaning ''submarine'' or ''under the sea boat''). The German navy launched large-scale submarine offensives in both World Wars. The letter ''U'' inU-boats is from the German ''unter'', meaning ''under''. Geetha Balachandran, Chennai Stay updated on the go with Times of India News App. Click here to download it for your device. RELATED


What group of concertos by Vivaldi is composed of La Primavera, L'estate, L'autunno, and L'inverno?

Listen to Violin Concerto, "Spring" from "The Four Seasons" by Antonio Vivaldi - Listening Library - The Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra   Portrait by François Morellon la Cave Antonio Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons makes a strong case as the Western canon’s most universally familiar music. Such widespread popularity is a double-edged sword: The Four Seasons’s ubiquity in popular culture has too often presented as harmless background music a fiendishly inventive work by a composer of terrific originality. The concertos that make up The Four Seasons (Le quattro stagioni) appeared as the first four of twelve violin concertos published as Il cimento dell’armonia e dell’inventione (The Contest between Harmony and Invention), op. 8. Vivaldi composed them to accompany a set of four sonnets—“La primavera,” “L’estate,” “L’autunno,” and “L’inverno”—whose authorship is uncertain but generally attributed to Vivaldi himself. The sonnets’ tripartite structures align with the three movements of each concerto, which in turn provide vivid musical depictions of the corresponding text. The Four Seasons evinces Vivaldi’s importance to the development of the Baroque concerto. His contributions to the genre, which total more than five hundred, defined the concerto form as a dialog between soloist and ensemble and established certain formal characteristics as standards in concerto writing. (They also established the concerto as a vehicle for instrumental virtuosity—fittingly so, given Vivaldi’s stature as one of the finest violinists of his generation; more than two hundred of Vivaldi’s concertos are for violin.) Vivaldi’s concertos served as significant models for no less than Johann Sebastian Bach’s Brandenburg Concertos, among other major works of the Baroque period. But of equal importance to the formal innovations manifested in works like The Four Seasons are the breadth of their dramatic character and the extent of Vivaldi’s vision in imagining the expressive potential of the concerto form. The Four Seasons concertos are remarkable for their illustration of their subject matter, whether in depicting hunting horns and guns in Autumn or in the chilling texture of Winter, mimetic of the “cold in the icy snow/In the harsh breath of a horrid wind.” Patrick Castillo ©2012


"Whose law states that ""anything that can go wrong will go wrong""?"

Murphy Laws Site - Murphy Laws If anything can go wrong, it will Corollary: It can Corollary sent by Dr. Allen Roberds Corollary: It should Corollary sent by Earl R. Johnson Extension: it will be all your fault, and everyone will know it. Extension sent by Dean A. Izett If there is a possibility of several things going wrong, the one that will cause the most damage will be the one to go wrong Extreme version: If there is a possibility of several things going wrong, the one that will cause the most damage will be the FIRST to go wrong Extreme version sent by Neal Miller If anything just cannot go wrong, it will anyway If you perceive that there are four possible ways in which something can go wrong, and circumvent these, then a fifth way, unprepared for, will promptly develop Corollary: It will be impossible to fix the fifth fault, without breaking the fix on one or more of the others Corollary sent by Sean Cheshire Left to themselves, things tend to go from bad to worse If everything seems to be going well, you have obviously overlooked something Nature always sides with the hidden flaw Corollary: The hidden flaw never stays hidden for long. Corollary sent by Dave M. Mother nature is a bitch Addendum: and not an obedient one at that Addendum sent by Paul Kekanovich Murphy's Law of Thermodynamics Things get worse under pressure. The Murphy Philosophy Smile . . . tomorrow will be worse. Quantization Revision of Murphy's Laws Everything goes wrong all at once. Murphy's Constant Matter will be damaged in direct proportion to its value Murphy's Law of Research Enough research will tend to support whatever theory. Research supports a specific theory depending on the amount of funds dedicated to it. In nature, nothing is ever right. Therefore, if everything is going right ... something is wrong. More Laws Anything that can go wrong will go wrong. It is impossible to make anything foolproof because fools are so ingenious. Left to themselves, things tend to go from bad to worse. Rule of Accuracy: When working toward the solution of a problem, it always helps if you know the answer. Corollary: Provided, of course, that you know there is a problem. Nothing is as easy as it looks. Everything takes longer than you think. Everything takes longer than it takes. If anything simply cannot go wrong, it will anyway. Whenever you set out to do something, something else must be done first. Every solution breeds new problems. The legibility of a copy is inversely proportional to its importance. no matter how perfect things are made to appear, Murphy's law will take effect and screw it up. Sent by Mitch You cannot successfully determine beforehand which side of the bread to butter. The chance of the buttered side of the bread falling face down is directly proportional to the cost of the carpet. Sent by Paul Breen The chance of the bread falling with the buttered side down is directly proportional to the cost of the carpet. More Laws of Selective Gravitation. A falling object will always land where it can do the most damage. A shatterproof object will always fall on the only surface hard enough to crack or break it. A paint drip will always find the hole in the newspaper and land on the carpet underneath (and will not be discovered until it has dried). A dropped power tool will always land on the concrete instead of the soft ground (if outdoors) or the carpet (if indoors) - unless it is running, in which case it will fall on something it can damage (like your foot). If a dish is dropped while removing it from the cupboard, it will hit the sink, breaking the dish and chipping or denting the sink in the process. A valuable dropped item will always fall into an inaccessible place (a diamond ring down the drain, for example) - or into the garbage disposal while it is running. If you use a pole saw to saw a limb while standing on an aluminum ladder borrowed from your neighbor, the limb will fall in such a way as to bend the ladder before it knocks you to the ground. If you pick up a chunk of broken concrete and try to pitch it into an adjacent lot,


What brutal leader of the Lord's Resistance Army was featured in a 2012 viral video?

Kony 2012: Viral video tries to take down Lord's Resistance Army Leader | loonwatch.com From the BBC He claims that his Lord’s Resistance Army movement has been fighting to install a government in Uganda based on the Biblical 10 Commandments. But his rebels now terrorise large swathes of the Democratic Republic of Congo, South Sudan and the Central African Republic, and he is wanted for war crimes by the International Criminal Court (ICC). Regional armies are trying to hunt them down with the help of 100 US soldiers. Mr Kony was due to sign a peace deal with the Ugandan government in 2008, but peace talks fell apart because the LRA leader wanted assurances that he and his allies would not be prosecuted. Born in the early 1960s in Odek, a village east of Gulu, Mr Kony is remembered as an amiable boy. “He played football and was a brilliant dancer,” one of his former classmates said, recalling the rebel leader’s days at Odek primary. The LRA’s aims were heavily influence by the Holy Spirit Movement, a 1980s group that represented the Acholi people of northern Uganda. This teenager had her lips, nose and ears cut off by the LRA The movement was formed by Alice Lakwena, a former prostitute who was believed to be Mr Kony’s cousin. They felt excluded from power after northern leader Milton Obote was overthrown in a military rebellion, and eventually replaced by current President Yoweri Museveni in 1986. Ms Lakwena promised her followers immunity from the bullets of the Ugandan army, but Mr Museveni’s troops defeated her movement in 1988 and she fled to Kenya. After this defeat, Mr Kony founded his own rebel group which over the next 20 years has gone on to abduct thousands of children to become fighters or sex slaves. Mr Kony himself is thought to have at least 60 wives, as he and his senior commanders take the pick of the girls they capture. He sees himself as a spirit medium. “They will tell us what is going to happen. They say ‘you, Mr Joseph, tell your people that the enemy is planning to come and attack’,” he has explained. Young abductees who have escaped from the LRA say Mr Kony would tell them he got his instructions from the Holy Spirit and would often preach in tongues. “I will communicate with Museveni through the holy spirits and not through the telephone,” he once said. He has created an aura of fear and mysticism around himself and his rebels follow strict rules and rituals. “When you go to fight you make the sign of the cross first. If you fail to do this, you will be killed,” one young fighter who escaped from the LRA told US-based Human Rights Watch. “You must also take oil and draw a cross on your chest, your forehead, and each shoulder, and you must make a cross in oil on your gun. They say that the oil is the power of the Holy Spirit.” Mr Kony appears to believe that his role is to cleanse the Acholi people. He uses biblical references to explain why it is necessary to kill his own people, since they have, in his view, failed to support his cause. “If the Acholi don’t support us, they must be finished,” he told one abductee. Christmas massacre Six years ago, Mr Kony broke his silence and was interviewed on camera in his jungle base at the time in north-eastern DR Congo. He was surrounded by some of what he estimated were his 3,000 heavily armed fighters, and insisted he was not the monster he was portrayed to be. “Let me tell you clearly what happened in Uganda. Museveni went into the villages and cut off the ears of the people, telling the people that it was the work of the LRA. I cannot cut the ear of my brother; I cannot kill the eye of my brother.” He gave the interview at the start of delicate peace process brokered by the authorities South Sudan. But the negotiations saw splits in LRA ranks and Mr Kony’s deputy, Vincent Otti, who played a key role in the talks, died in mysterious circumstances. It is believed he may have been murdered on the orders of Mr Kony, who refused to sign the deal. The LRA later went on a major offensive, carrying out a massacre on Christmas Day 2008. On that day and over the


Who is credited with ridding Ireland of snakes, despite there being no record of snakes ever existing there?

Snake history, page 1 Snake history Being so excited about my new idea Of snakes of the week, I neglected to give some history on snakes, So in this thread I will talk about snakes and how thier symbolism differs from culture to culture. Small Facts The first mention of a snake like animal was in the bible, and in my opinion this is the reason for the hate of snakes by most, being betrayed as an evil creature not to be trusted. Today most know that snakes and reptiles in general are a vidal part of the food chain. Any example of this, here in Chicago we had a trash strike for 6 weeks, the rat population mutiplied by the thousands, If we had a health amount of snakes we would have to rodent population in check, but never the less people fear what they don't under stand. Only 1/4 of snakes have fangs, yes all snakes have backward facing teeth, but fangs are serange like teeth thet inject venom, but not every time, injection rates vary some as low as 10% of the time up to 65 percent of the time depending on the snake. Cultures Many countries, tribes, third world countrys what ever you would call them have high regards for the serpent.   Based on these fossil finds, as well as on anatomical study of modern reptiles, scientists have concluded that the snakes probably evolved from a family of lizards during the time of the dinosaurs. Snakes and lizards share a number of distinct features in the structure of their skull; both, for instance, possess a moveable quadrate bone at the back of the jaw, and both are missing the quadratojugal bone at the rear of the skull. By about 10 million years ago, the most highly specialized of the snakes appeared in the fossil record--the solenoglyphs, commonly known as vipers. In the vipers, the fangs are extremely long, much larger than in the Elapids. In fact, they are so long that the snake cannot close its mouth if they are erected. Thus, the solenoglyphs use a rotating maxillary bone to fold the fangs up against the roof of the mouth, where they are ready to spring into position when the snake bites. A short time after the vipers appeared, a group known as the pit vipers developed a number of heat-sensitive pits on the front of the face, which they used for finding their warm-blooded prey at night (this feature has also been independently developed by the venerable old Boid family). Finally, just a few million years ago, a group of pit vipers developed a structure at the end of their tail, made up of interlocking pieces of unshed skin, which could be loudly rattled and used as a warning device against predators. The rattlesnakes are generally thought to be the most specialized of all the living snakes. cluestick.me.uk... The Year Of The Snake People born in the Year of the Snake are deep. They say little and possess great wisdom. They never have to worry about money; they are financially fortunate. Snake people are often quite vain, selfish, and a bit stingy. Yet they have tremendous sympathy for others and try to help those less fortunate. Snake people tend to overdo, since they have doubts about other people's judgment and prefer to rely on themselves. They are determined in whatever they do and hate to fail. Although calm on the surface, they are intense and passionate. Snake people are usually good-looking and sometimes have marital problems because they are fickle. They are most compatible with the Ox and Rooster. www.c-c-c.org... Nehebkau (Nehebu-Kau, Nehebkhau), 'He Who Unites the Kas', was a benevolent snake god who the Egyptians believed was one of the original primeval gods. He was linked to the sun god, swimming around in the primeval waters before creation, then bound to the sun god when time began. He was a god of protection who protected the pharaoh and all Egyptians, both in life and in the afterlife. Homage to thee, Netethib, daughter of these four gods who are in the Great House. Even when the command of Unas goes not forth, uncover yourselves in order that Unas may see you as Horus seeth Isis, as Nehebkau seeth Serqet, as Sobek seeth Nit, and as Set seeth Netethib. www.to


What is the term for a painting that depicts inanimate objects such as food or flowers?

inanimate art | Understanding Paintings Understanding Paintings a beginner's guide to appreciating art Posts Tagged ‘inanimate art’ Still life paintings – How still are they actually? April 11, 2012 A still life painting can be plainly defined as a work of art depicting mostly inanimate subject matter, typically commonplace objects which may be either natural (food, flowers, plants, rocks, or shells) or man-made (drinking glasses, books, vases, jewelry, coins, pipes, and so on). The origins of modern still life painting can be traced back to the seventeenth century. This is when artists began to depict inanimate objects as independent paintings, intended to stand on their own. The style of painting gets its name from the Dutch “Still Leven”. Initially still life was not given the importance that is given now. Many art critics called it mere copies, requiring no actual skill. This brings us to the question, is a still life painting mere depiction of objects or is there something more to it? The skill level in still life paintings are manifested not only in the depiction of objects but also the arrangement of the objects, the stage in life cycle of the objects (rotting fruit, budding flower) and the back drop on which it is painted. The objects in a still life painting have a sublime message to convey which could be religious, allegorical, social, cultural, personal, moral, or spiritual. Most of these objects are included to convey a message or reflect the artist’s mood. Some of the common objects in still life are food, flowers, pearls, wine and the dreaded skull. For example, fresh food and wine conveys the message of affluent living and the joie de vivre that life gifts, where as rotten food reminds a person of the fragility of life. Similarly artists use flowers to depict the same transience of life. However flowers in religious paintings could also symbolize the Virgin Mary or in other contexts even sensuality. The depiction of a skull in a still life is again a reminder of death, in contrast to the fresh flowers and grapes arranged on the table. An artist with the intention to portray beauty and the good side of life usually has a backdrop of a window showing the blue sky, or the objects arranged on silk table cloth. A flower and vase in the corner of a dark room depicts the opposite. Some still life paintings portrayed the yearning of man for knowledge and discovery of science, by portraying objects like books, ink pot, the globe, a compass etc. Several still life paintings portray culture of the times through musical instruments. The artist carefully chooses the objects he/she wants and takes care to arrange the objects around each other with an appropriate background to convey a certain message. The still life artist also uses the objects to experiment with colour contrast and composition. To answer the question whether still life paintings have a meaning, let’s conclude this article with a saying that sums it all:  “When I paint a still life, I want it to be anything but still. I want it to shimmer with light. I want it to rustle with movement.” (Kurt Anderson)


What overtook Internet Explorer to become the world's most popular web browser in 2012?

Google Overtakes Internet Explorer As Most Popular Browser - Business Insider print After months of chipping away at its lead, Google Chrome has finally overtaken Internet Explorer to become most popular  web browser worldwide. Chrome's share of the market rose to 32.8% in the week ending May  20, while Internet Explorer's share of the market dropped to  31.9%, according to new data from StatCounter , via TheNextWeb . This marks the first full week  that Chrome has beaten Explorer. Google's browser had previously topped Explorer for a single day  back in March. Mozilla's Firefox is the third most popular browser with  just more than a 25% of the market.


"Who piloted the ""Spirit of St. Louis""?"

The Spirit of St. Louis Story You are here: Home | Hall Index | The Spirit of St. Louis Story The Spirit of St. Louis Story (Written in association with the Lindbergh Foundation & the Hall Aviation Foundation) Charles Lindbergh loads the first sack of mail aboard a Robertson Aircraft Corporation DH 4 for the inaugural route of the St. Louis to Chicago contract airmail service in April, 1926. Young airmail pilot It was in the fall of 1926, during the lonely hours flying the mail at night, that a young airmail pilot for Robertson Aircraft Corporation, had his first thoughts about flying across the cold Atlantic waters in an attempt to capture the elusive Orteig Prize. His name was Charles A. Lindbergh. The $25,000 Orteig Prize, which had been offered since 1919 by a prominent New York hotel businessman, Raymond Orteig, for the first non-stop flight from New York to Paris, was not what interested Lindbergh. Instead, he was intrigued by the idea of demonstrating publicly that airplanes could safely link the United States and Europe, and at the same time, giving greater credibility to civilian pilots and commercial aviation. As for the danger of such an incredible flight, Lindbergh believed that neither the weather nor the dangers of a transatlantic crossing could be any worse than what he had already experienced pioneering the air-mail routes from St. Louis. Rain, snow, ice, and fog, could be compensated for with experience and through logical thinking. Funding historic transatlantic journey As he considered how to go about getting funding for what would become an historic transatlantic journey, he devised using his personal savings, but realized that would not be enough. He organized a presentation for a number of local St. Louis businessmen, hoping they could see his vision for commercial aviation, the proven possibilities of current modern aircraft, and agree to sponsor his attempt to make a trans-Atlantic crossing. "First, I'll show them how a non-stop flight between America and Europe will demonstrate the possibilities of aircraft, and help place St. Louis in the foreground of aviation. Second, I'll show them that a modern airplane is capable of making the flight to Paris, and that a successful flight will cover its own costs because of the Orteig Prize," Lindbergh later wrote in his book The Spirit of St. Louis. Major Albert Bond Lambert was the first to pledge $1,000 toward the flight, after Lindbergh committed his own personal savings of $2,000. By February 1927, Lindbergh received complete financing for his flight from Harold M. Bixby, Harry F. Knight, Harry H. Knight, Albert Bond Lambert, J.D. Wooster Lambert, E. Lansing Ray, Frank H. Robertson, William B. Robertson, and Earl C. Thompson. The group became known as the St. Louis backers. Donald Hall working on the Spirit of St. Louis design. View additional pictures from the Donald Hall Photograph Collection . All photographs are protected by federal copyright law. Single-engine monoplane with a single pilot Because of the support from the St. Louis backers, Lindbergh was given the freedom to pursue his dream of crossing the Atlantic in a single-engine monoplane with a single pilot, which he knew was safer and more likely of success. Mr. Bixby would later name the plane, the the Spirit of St. Louis. Having been turned down by all the major aircraft manufactures, including his attempt to purchase a Bellanca (the only pre-built plane available for such a flight), Lindbergh traveled by train to San Diego and Ryan Airlines, Inc. at the insistence of his St. Louis backers. He had queried the small company before being turned down by Bellanca. Ryan Airlines of San Diego If Ryan Airlines of San Diego could complete a specially modified aircraft, it would need to be ready in two months. Though a possible task, as far as Lindbergh was concerned his chances for success were waning. Arriving on February 23, Lindbergh soon realized that the decision whether to place an order with Ryan, and their ability to build such a plane in 60-days, rested in his estimation on one man


What Incan city's ruins were unknown to the outside world until 1911?

7 Inca Places to Know Peru 7 Inca Places to Know The Inca civilization arose in the mountainous regions of Peru in the early 13th century and was eventually based in its capital city of Cuzco. From 1438 to 1533, the Inca assimilated a large part of western South America into a state comparable to the historic empires of Eurasia. The Inca Empire was impressive not only for its size but for its stunning architectural structures built across steep peaks and overlooking verdant river valleys throughout the Andes. Visitors marvel at the historical significance of the sites as well as the engineering prowess of the Incas on the vertical landscapes. By Trisha Creekmore Machu Picchu Thinkstock Machu Picchu is probably one of the top international bucket list destinations. Unknown to the outside world until 1911, its mystique and stunning location on a mountain ridge have been drawing adventurous visitors ever since. In 2007, this stone citadel in the sky was voted one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in an internet poll in which more than 100 million votes were cast. Twelve acres of terraces, gardens, staircases, temples and aqueducts sprawl along a jungle ridge above the Urubamba River at 7,970 feet above sea level. Most archaeologists believe the 15th-century site was built as an estate for the emperor Pachacuti, then abandoned and “lost” after the Spanish conquest. In 2011, the Peruvian government began limiting visitors to 2,500 per day, so it is vital to get tickets well in advance of your visit through an online ticketing site . An English site explains the process . Wayna Picchu Thinkstock Towering above the north end of Machu Picchu is a steep mountain. A temple is heart-stoppingly perched on the edge of the peak at 9,000 feet. Some say priests climbed up the mountain each day to welcome the morning sun. The climb is narrow, steep and treacherous, taking anywhere from 45 to 90 minutes one way. The stone stair path built by the Incas is less than a foot wide in spots and only occasionally includes hand rails. Off to either side, the mountain falls nearly straight down a deadly quarter-mile or more. So why make the trek? The view of Machu Picchu and the surrounding jungle-covered peaks and valleys is probably one of the most spectacular scenes on Earth. Only 400 people per day are allowed up the mountain in 2 shifts. Buy tickets in advance at the government site . Moray Thinkstock At Moray in the Sacred Valley, the Incas built a series of concentric circular terraces, speculated to have been an agricultural laboratory. Each terrace is a little hotter and less windy, allowing for the simulation of micro-climates. Presumably the Incas could learn by experimentation and duplicate the results elsewhere in the Sacred Valley, increasing agricultural yield. The site, at 11,500 feet above sea level, has a mystical vibe to it, possibly due to the breathless, dizzying feeling of being at high altitude. Pisac Alex Proimos, Flickr The Peruvian village of Pisac, overlooking the Urubamba River less than an hour northeast of Cuzco, is notable for its Inca waterworks and curving agricultural terraces. The site features one of Peru’s only remaining intihuatanas, carved rocks that were used for astronomical observation. As was an Inca specialty, it is brilliantly situated amid sweeping views of the Sacred Valley. Since the site sits at about 11,000 feet above sea level, visitors need to take it slow and stay hydrated to keep altitude sickness at bay. Ollantaytambo David Berkowitz, Flickr Today, the Inca archaeological site of Ollantaytambo in southern Peru is best known for its train station, which is the closest by bus to Cuzco and by train to Machu Picchu. But visitors who take the time to stop here will be rewarded with one of the only towns in Peru that retains its original Inca walls and street grid. In 1536, Ollantaytambo was the site of the Inca's greatest military victory over the invading Spanish, and the ruins above town are still considered some of the most impressive. An imposing set of stone terraces (from which the Inca a


What is the only country of the world that has an emperor?

Hirohito - World War II - HISTORY.com Google Hirohito: The Early Years Hirohito, the eldest son of Crown Prince Yoshihito, was born on April 29, 1901, within the confines of the Aoyama Palace in Tokyo. According to custom, imperial family members were not raised by their parents. Instead, Hirohito spent his early years in the care of first a retired vice-admiral and then an imperial attendant. From age 7 to 19, Hirohito attended schools set up for the children of nobility. He received rigorous instruction in military and religious matters, along with other subjects such as math and physics. In 1921, Hirohito and a 34-man entourage traveled to Western Europe for a six-month tour; it was the first time a Japanese crown prince had ever gone abroad. Did You Know? Hirohito’s son Akihito, the current emperor of Japan, broke with 1,500 years of tradition by marrying a commoner in 1959. Upon his return to Japan, Hirohito became regent for his chronically ill father and assumed the duties of emperor. In September 1923, an earthquake struck the Tokyo area, killing about 100,000 people and destroying 63 percent of the city’s houses. Rampaging Japanese mobs subsequently murdered several thousand ethnic Koreans and leftists, who were accused of setting fires and looting in the quake’s aftermath. That December, Hirohito survived an assassination attempt, and the following month he married Princess Nagako, with whom he would have seven children. At around the same time, he ended the practice of imperial concubinage. Hirohito officially became emperor when his father died in December 1926. He chose Showa, which roughly translates to “enlightened harmony,” as his reign name. Hirohito as Emperor and the Rise of Japanese Militarism When Hirohito assumed the throne, a universal male suffrage law had just passed, and political parties were near the height of their prewar powers. However, a plunging economy, rising militarism and a series of political assassinations soon caused a crisis for the pro-democracy movement. Hirohito, who as emperor was the nation’s highest spiritual authority and commander-in-chief of the armed forces, essentially fired the prime minister in 1929. The next prime minister was shot and mortally wounded, and in 1932 yet another prime minister was assassinated by naval officers upset about a treaty limiting the number of Japanese warships. From then on, almost all prime ministers came from the military rather than from the political parties, which were disbanded altogether in 1940. More political violence occurred in 1935, when a lieutenant colonel slashed a general to death with a samurai sword. And in 1936, over 1,400 soldiers mutinied in Tokyo, seizing the army ministry and murdering several high-ranking politicians. Meanwhile, Japan’s conflict with China was growing. In 1931, Japanese army officers initiated the so-called Manchurian Incident by detonating a railway explosion and blaming it on Chinese bandits. They then used the event as an excuse to take over Manchuria in northeastern China and set up a puppet state there. Excursions into other areas of the country soon followed, and by 1937 war had broken out. That winter, the Japanese army massacred an estimated 200,000 civilians and prisoners of war in and around the city of Nanking. Rape is thought to have been commonplace, and women throughout Japanese-controlled regions of Asia were brought in to serve as prostitutes. Hirohito did not condone the invasion’s more repugnant aspects, but—perhaps because he worried the military would make him abdicate—he failed to punish those responsible. He also sanctioned the use of chemical warfare and the uprooting of peasants. Japan’s Involvement in World War II In September 1940, Japan signed the Tripartite Pact with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, in which they agreed to assist one another should any of them be attacked by a country not already involved in the war. Japan sent troops to occupy French Indochina that same month, and the United States responded with economic sanctions, including an embargo on oil and steel. A