What caused Richard I of England to be out of the country between 1190 and 1194, when his younger brother John tried to take control?

Richard I of England Richard I of England 2008/9 Schools Wikipedia Selection . Related subjects: British History 1500 and before (including Roman Britain) ; Monarchs of Great Britain Richard I By the Grace of God, King of the English, Duke of the Normans and Aquitanians, Count of the Angevins Reign 6 July 1189 – 6 April 1199 Coronation April 6, 1199 (aged 41) Place of death Mother Eleanor of Aquitaine ( 1124– 1204) Richard I ( 8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England from 1189 to 1199. In his own time, the troubadour Bertran de Born called him Òc-e-Non ('Yes-and-No'), while some later writers referred to him as Richard the Lionheart, or Cœur de Leon. Richard spent more years of his reign away from his kingdom, since the greater part of his domain was in France. He also took part in the Third Crusade, with campaigns in Sicily and Cyprus on the way, and afterwards a period under arrest by Leopold V of Austria. Family The third legitimate son of King Henry II of England , Richard was never expected to ascend the throne. He is often depicted as having been the favourite son of his mother, Eleanor of Aquitaine. Richard was a younger maternal half-brother of Marie de Champagne and Alix of France. He was a younger brother of William, Count of Poitiers, Henry the Young King and Matilda of England. He was also an older brother of Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany, Leonora of England, Joan Plantagenet and John, Count of Mortain (who succeeded him as king). Life Although born at Beaumont Palace, Oxford , England , like most of the Royal Family at the time he was essentially French. When his parents effectively separated, he remained with Eleanor, and was invested with her duchy of Aquitaine in 1168, and county of Poitiers in 1172. Meanwhile, his eldest surviving brother, Henry the Young King, was simultaneously crowned as his father's successor. Richard was an educated man. He was a man who who composed poetry. He wrote them in French and Occitan, he was said to be very attractive; his hair between red and blond, light-eyed, with a pale complexion. He was apparently of above average height, but since his bones have been lost since at least the French Revolution, his exact height is unknown. By the end of his life, he was somewhat overweight. From an early age he appeared to have significant political and military abilities, became noted for his chivalry and courage, and fought hard to control the rebellious nobles of his own territory. Like his brothers, Richard frequently challenged his father's authority, and his sense of responsibility was open to question. Eleanor's alleged favouritism of Richard was claimed by Matthew Paris to have been predicted by Merlin: "The eagle of the broken covenant shall rejoice in [Eleanor]'s third nesting." Paris only counted Eleanor's male children in these "nestings", ignoring Richard's older sisters Marie and Alix de France, and Matilda of England. Revolt against Henry II In 1170, his elder brother Henry the Young King was crowned king of England as Henry III. Historians know him as Henry "the Young King" so as not to confuse him with the later king of the same name who was his nephew. In 1173, Richard joined his brothers, Henry and Geoffrey, in a revolt against their father. They were planning to dethrone their father and leave the Young King as the only king of England. In the revolt that followed, only Normandy remained faithful to Henry II at first; by August, however, Henry had largely crushed the rebellion in his own lands, and moved on to invade Poitou and Aquitaine, domains of Richard's mother, Eleanor, who was captured and imprisoned towards the end of the year by her husband. At the age of seventeen, Richard was the last of the brothers to hold out against Henry; though, in the end, he refused to fight him face to face and humbly begged his pardon. In 1174, after the end of the failed revolt, Richard gave a new oath of subservience to his father.     Joan, Queen of Sicily Richard I Though placated by titles such as Count of Poitou, Richard wanted more. Henry seemed unwilling to


Rome Airports | Travel advice | Italy Heaven (reviews) Where to stay Hip hotels Luxury hotels Midrange hotels Budget hotels B&Bs Availability search Rome Airports Rome has two airports. Leonardo da Vinci Airport (at Fiumicino) is used by the major airlines, while Ciampino Airport is used by budget airlines Easyjet and Ryanair. Fiumicino Airport Officially named Leonardo da Vinci Airport, Fiumicino is a major port of call for intercontinental as well as national and European flights. The airport is situated 32km from the city, close to the sea. Express train The most straightforward way to get into Rome is to take the Leonardo Express, a direct train service to Rome's main railway station, Stazione Termini (more information below). Tickets cost ï¿½11 and are one-way only (so buy extra for your return journey if you want to be organised), and must be stamped in the validating machines on the platform before you board the train. From the main arrivals area, just follow the signs. The service runs every 30 minutes, between 6.30am and 11.30pm. Taxis Every so often there has been a spate of news stories about tourists being conned by drivers; make sure you take an official marked taxi from the rank. These are white, with 'taxi' lights on top, and each has a taxi license number. To prevent travellers from being ripped off, Rome authorities have capped airport taxi prices. From Fiumicino into central Rome (anywhere within the Aurelian walls, which basically includes the central tourist area) the set fare at the time of writing is 48 euros. If you have problems, ostentatiously write down the taxi's license number (check this is displayed in the cab when you get on board), and ask for a receipt. Call 060606 to report any problems. Ciampino Airport Ciampino is a military airport which has been developing its passenger terminal since it began playing host to the budget airline companies. Although it's still small, without a lot in the way of services or entertainment, the airport's facilities are growing. You can buy reasonable snacks, books and souvenirs in the departures area, although the arrivals hall is crowded, without much to help tourists. There are a variety of ways to get from Ciampino into Rome including a couple of direct coach services. Since so many of our readers arrive at Ciampino, we've written a whole page about your transport options: Ciampino airport transport . Arriving at Stazione Termini The Leonardo Express from Fiumicino stops at a rather remote platform. Don't go down the first flight of stairs you see; follow the platform until you see a moving ramp going downwards, labelled with an 'M' for the Metro. This moving walkway takes you the considerable distance into the heart of the station concourse. If you're staying in the Centro Storico, consider taking a taxi from Termini (the official taxi rank is outside the station, beyond the main concourse, in the large bus station area); it will save you sweat and bother. Note: don't follow the taxi touts who sometimes waylay tourists getting off the Leonardo Express. On this site


"Where was ""the Maccabiah bridge collapse"", the failure of a pedestrian bridge over the Yarkon River on 14 July 1997 which killed 4 and injured 60?"

Maccabiah bridge collapse Maccabiah bridge collapse Maccabiah bridge collapse Rescuers search for victims from Australia’s athletic delegation shortly after the collapse of the pedestrian bridge into the Yarkon River. Bridge collapse 4 Australian athletes killed, 60 injured The Maccabiah bridge collapse was the catastrophic failure of a pedestrian bridge over the Yarkon River in Tel Aviv , Israel on July 14, 1997. The collapse of the temporary wooden structure killed four and injured 60 Australian athletes who were visiting Israel to participate in the Maccabiah Games . One athlete died in the collapse, three died afterwards due to infections caused by exposure to the polluted river water. [1] Five people, including the engineer who designed the bridge and the chair of the Tel Aviv Games Organising Committee, were later convicted of recklessly causing death and injury. The incident and subsequent inquiries were extensively reported on by the Australian media. Contents 5.2 Sources Background The Maccabiah Games, first staged in 1932, is an athletic event held every four years in Tel Aviv, Israel, to celebrate the Zionist Revolution , and to demonstrate the unity and athleticism of the Jewish people . [2] The games include competitions for adults and for junior athletes aged 15 to 18, and are open to all Israelis and Jews from around the world. [3] The 15th Maccabiah Games , held in 1997 and billed as the third largest sporting event in the world, included 5,300 participants from 56 nations competing in 38 athletic events. The opening ceremony on July 14 at 8 p.m. (local time), held at Ramat Gan Stadium and designed to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the First Zionist Congress , was attended by 50,000 people and featured hundreds of dancers, dazzling sound and light displays, and was broadcast on Israeli television. As at past games, a temporary footbridge, 60 feet long and 18 feet wide, was constructed across the nearby Yarkon River to allow competitors to march into the stadium during the ceremony from an assembly area on the other side of the river. [4] Collapse As scheduled during the opening ceremony, the participating athletes, teamed with their respective national delegations, began to cross the bridge and enter the stadium in alphabetical order. The second nation to cross the bridge, following the Austrian team, consisted of the 373 members of the Australian delegation. As the Australian athletes, in parallel rows of six, crossed the river, the bridge’s support beams at roughly mid-span snapped, plunging around 100 of the Australians eight metres into the river below. Several of the fallen were forcibly submerged in the 1.6-metre deep river by the weight of falling athletes above them. [5] Other athletes, bystanders, event staff, and police leapt into the river to rescue the fallen. Inside the stadium, Israeli government officials, including President Ezer Weizman , chose to continue with the opening ceremony, but canceled the remainder of the march of the national teams into the stadium. Israeli television maintained live coverage, switching back and forth between the frantic rescue efforts outside the stadium and the festive dancing and light shows inside. [6] The 67 injured were taken to nearby Beilinson Hospital in Petah Tikva and Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center . One, Gregory Small, 37, a bowler from Sydney , was dead on arrival, apparently as a result of injuries suffered during the fall. The remaining 66 victims did not appear to have suffered life-threatening injuries. Their injuries included broken bones and water inhalation. [7] Infections Tel Aviv Medical Center Within an hour or two of admission to the hospital, a number of victims began to show signs of asphyxia . Doctors discovered that an unidentified organism was attacking their respiratory systems and pulmonary blood vessels. By the next morning, seven athletes were in critical condition. [8] Patrick Surkin, who ran the intensive care unit at Tel Aviv Medical Centre, wondered whether a toxin might be the culprit behind the infections. He contac


"Who is the author of the 2009 political memoir ""Going Rogue""?"

Going Rogue: Sarah Palin: Amazon.com: Books From Booklist No good deed goes unpunished. Just ask Steve Schmidt, John McCain’s campaign manager and the guy who pushed Sarah Palin as McCain’s running mate. Now, in Palin’s much-hyped book, he’s just a fat, smoking bullet-head who told her to “stick to the script.” The feeling running through Going Rogue is that Palin has been bursting to take a whack at those she believes didn’t do right by her during the campaign. (Katie Couric, we’re looking at you!) Before readers get to that, however, there’s personal biography. We’re introduced to Sarah the reader—loved to read—the basketball player, hunter, wife, mother. Then lots and lots of Alaska politics, which will probably be a little hard even for people from Alaska to plow through. (Scores are settled here, too.) Once Palin gets into the 2008 campaign, the tone is folksy, but the knives are out. Much has been made of her criticisms of Schmidt and another McCain staffer, Nicolle Wallace. But less has been said about Palin’s comments about Barack Obama. For instance, she notes that when she and husband Todd first heard Obama speak, they saw the wow factor but worried that his “smooth” talk would hide his radical ideas. She also implies that Obama wanted to shield only his own children from the press, though, in fact, in September 2008, he told CNN that Palin’s children must be off limits as well. Ronald Reagan’s name is mentioned by page 3 and invoked regularly throughout. There’s no doubt Palin sees herself as heir to his legacy. But many readers will see the Sarah Palin revealed in these pages as much closer to George Bush, someone you’d like to have a beer with. Or perhaps dinner: “I always remind people from outside our state that there’s plenty of room for all Alaska’s animals—right next to the mashed potatoes.” --Ilene Cooper              --This text refers to the Paperback edition. Read more Review Truly one of the most substantive policy books I’ve ever read (Rush Limbaugh)              --This text refers to the Paperback edition.


Danny and Sandy are the main characters in which musical?

Grease (1978) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC Good girl Sandy and greaser Danny fell in love over the summer. When they unexpectedly discover they're now in the same high school, will they be able to rekindle their romance? Director: Famous Directors: From Sundance to Prominence From Christopher Nolan to Quentin Tarantino and every Coen brother in between, many of today's most popular directors got their start at the Sundance Film Festival . Here's a list of some of the biggest names to go from Sundance to Hollywood prominence. a list of 23 titles created 21 Dec 2013 a list of 23 titles created 22 Jan 2014 a list of 27 titles created 3 months ago a list of 44 titles created 3 months ago a list of 30 images created 1 month ago Search for " Grease " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for     1     Oscar. Another    3 wins & 7 nominations. See more awards  » Videos Spending the summer at a Catskills resort with her family, Frances "Baby" Houseman falls in love with the camp's dance instructor, Johnny Castle. Director: Emile Ardolino A Brooklyn teenager feels his only chance to succeed is as the king of the disco floor. His carefree youth and weekend dancing help him to forget the reality of his bleak life. Director: John Badham An English student at a 1960's American high school has to prove himself to the leader of a girls' gang whose members can only date greasers. Director: Patricia Birch After a young man is murdered, his spirit stays behind to warn his lover of impending danger, with the help of a reluctant psychic. Director: Jerry Zucker A city teenager moves to a small town where rock music and dancing have been banned, and his rebellious spirit shakes up the populace. Director: Herbert Ross When a worldly singer witnesses a mob crime, the police hide her as a nun in a traditional convent where she has trouble fitting in. Director: Emile Ardolino A poet falls for a beautiful courtesan whom a jealous duke covets. Director: Baz Luhrmann A man in a legal but hurtful business needs an escort for some social events, and hires a beautiful prostitute he meets... only to fall in love. Director: Garry Marshall Cady Heron is a hit with The Plastics, the A-list girl clique at her new school, until she makes the mistake of falling for Aaron Samuels, the ex-boyfriend of alpha Plastic Regina George. Director: Mark Waters A pretty, popular teenager can't go out on a date until her ill-tempered older sister does. Director: Gil Junger A rich high school student tries to boost a new pupil's popularity, but reckons without affairs of the heart getting in the way. Director: Amy Heckerling A Pittsburgh woman with two jobs as a welder and an exotic dancer wants to get into ballet school. Director: Adrian Lyne Edit Storyline A musical about teens in love in the 50's! It's California 1959 and greaser Danny Zuko and Australian Sandy Olsson are in love. They spend time at the beach, and when they go back to school, what neither of them knows is that they both now attend Rydell High. Danny's the leader of the T-Birds, a group of black leather jacket-wearing greasers while Sandy hangs with the Pink Ladies, a group of pink-wearing girls led by Rizzo. When they clash at Rydell's first pep rally, Danny isn't the same Danny from the beach. They try to be like each other so they can be together. Written by Alex Schultz <NedSDeclassified2967> Grease is the word See more  » Genres: Rated PG-13 for sexual content including references, teen smoking and drinking, and language | See all certifications  » Parents Guide: 16 June 1978 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: $12,705,463        (USA) (27 March 1998) Gross: 110 min Sound Mix: DTS (re-release) (1998)| Dolby Digital


What is the name of the lighthouse off the coast of Angus at the mouth of the Firth of Tay, which is also called Bell Rock?

Interesting Facts About Bell Rock Lighthouse - Fun Facts About Bell Rock Lighthouse North Sea Scotland Location: Inchcape, offshore Arbroath, Scotland Built In: 1807-1810 Historical Importance: It is the world’s oldest, surviving, sea-washed lighthouse.     Fun & Interesting Facts about Bell Rock Lighthouse Bell Rock Lighthouse is situated in the North Sea, perched on top of Bell Rock (also known as Inchcape). The Lighthouse lies 12 miles (18 km) off the coast of Angus, Scotland, east of the Firth of Tay. Bell Rock Lighthouse was built by Scottish engineer - Robert Stevenson, between 1807 and 1810. The lamp of the Lighthouse was first lit on 1st February 1811. Bell Rock Lighthouse is the oldest surviving sea-washed lighthouse in the whole world. The construction for this lighthouse happened at a very slow pace. In a course of two years, the tower only stood at a height of 6 feet. The Lighthouse towers up to a height of 35 m high, with its light being visible from 35 statute miles (55 km) inland. The masonry work under Bell Rock Lighthouse has not been replaced or adapted even once in almost 200 years of its existence. The lamps and reflectors of the Lighthouse were replaced in 1843. Bell Rock Signal Tower was constructed in 1813, at the mouth of Arbroath harbor. Bell Rock Signal Tower presently houses Signal Tower Museum, where one can find about the history of the lighthouse. The Lighthouse is similar, to a certain extent, to Eddystone Lighthouse, designed by John Smeaton. However, Stevenson’s design had a 40-degree slope to the original design of the Eddystone Lighthouse, which happened to be a crucial alteration—without this, the lighthouse would have collapsed during a violent sea storm. A total of about 2500 Aberdeen granite stones were used in the construction of the Bell Rock Lighthouse. To source these unique stones, Stevenson, with around 35 other artificers, set sail to acquire these granite stones in 1807. The Lighthouse is the last sea tower to be built in the days of sail. Scottish engineer - John Rennie was the Chief Engineer of the Lighthouse, who visited it only twice during the entire period of construction. The construction of the Bell Rock Lighthouse could only take place during summer, as the tides were low. Most of the time, the builders, the artificers and Stevenson, were constantly seasick and worked laboriously to build this lighthouse through grim, squally nights and chilly, freezing water. The first stone of Bell Rock Lighthouse was laid on July 9, 1808. The working of the Lighthouse has been automated since 1998. Stevenson elaborated on the design of the lighthouse, using state-of-the-art-technology and oil lighting technology to create the brightest beacon, the world had ever seen. At the time, the project cost Stevenson, a whopping 42,685 Sterling Pounds. How to Cite


What word means the judgement (using analysis and evaluation) of the merits and faults of the actions or work of another individual, which now has an implication of an expression of disapproval?

Glossary of Critical Thinking Terms Glossary of Critical Thinking Terms Translate this page from English... *Machine translated pages not guaranteed for accuracy. Print Page Change Text Size: T T T Glossary of Critical Thinking Terms An Educator's Guide to Critical Thinking Terms and Concepts T - Z Glossary: A-B accurate: Free from errors, mistakes, or distortion. Correct connotes little more than absence of error; accurate implies a positive exercise of one to obtain conformity with fact or truth; exact stresses perfect conformity to fact, truth, or some standard; precise suggests minute accuracy of detail. Accuracy is an important goal in critical thinking, though it is almost always a matter of degree. It is also important to recognize that making mistakes is an essential part of learning and that it is far better that students make their own mistakes, than that they parrot the thinking of the text or teacher. It should also be recognized that some distortion usually results whenever we think within a point of view or frame of reference. Students should think with this awareness in mind, with some sense of the limitations of their own, the text's, the teacher's, the subject's perspective. See perfections of thought. ambiguous: A sentence having two or more possible meanings. Sensitivity to ambiguity and vagueness in writing and speech is essential to good thinking. A continual effort to be clear and precise in language usage is fundamental to education. Ambiguity is a problem more of sentences than of individual words. Furthermore, not every sentence that can be construed in more than one way is problematic and deserving of analysis. Many sentences are clearly intended one way; any other construal is obviously absurd and not meant. For example, "Make me a sandwich." is never seriously intended to request metamorphic change. It is a poor example for teaching genuine insight into critical thinking. For an example of a problematic ambiguity, consider the statement, "Welfare is corrupt." Among the possible meanings of this sentence are the following: Those who administer welfare programs take bribes to administer welfare policy unfairly; Welfare policies are written in such a way that much of the money goes to people who don't deserve it rather than to those who do; A government that gives money to people who haven't earned it corrupts both the giver and the recipient. If two people are arguing about whether or not welfare is corrupt, but interpret the claim differently, they can make little or no progress; they aren't arguing about the same point. Evidence and considerations relevant to one interpretation may be irrelevant to others. analyze: To break up a whole into its parts, to examine in detail so as to determine the nature of, to look more deeply into an issue or situation. All learning presupposes some analysis of what we are learning, if only by categorizing or labeling things in one way rather than another. Students should continually be asked to analyze their ideas, claims, experiences, interpretations, judgments, and theories and those they hear and read. See elements of thought. argue: There are two meanings of this word that need to be distinguished: 1) to argue in the sense of to fight or to emotionally disagree; and 2) to give reasons for or against a proposal or proposition. In emphasizing critical thinking, we continually try to get our students to move from the first sense of the word to the second; that is, we try to get them to see the importance of giving reasons to support their views without getting their egos involved in what they are saying. This is a fundamental problem in human life. To argue in the critical thinking sense is to use logic and reason, and to bring forth facts to support or refute a point. It is done in a spirit of cooperation and good will. argument: A reason or reasons offered for or against something, the offering of such reasons. This term refers to a discussion in which there is disagreement and suggests the use of logic and the bringing forth of facts to support or refute a


"What was the stage name of Brenda Mae Tarpley, an American singer of rockabilly, pop and country music who had 37 US chart hits during the 1960s (a number surpassed only by Elvis Presley, The Beatles, Ray Charles and Connie Francis) and was best known for her 1960 hit ""I'm Sorry""?"

Pula Music Bands , Pula Country Bands | Concertboom Pula Country Bands Creedence Clearwater Revival Tour Dates Creedence Clearwater Revival was an American rock band that gained popularity in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The band consisted of lead vocalist, lead guitarist, and primary songwriter John Fogerty, his brother and rhythm guitarist Tom Fogerty, bassist Stu Cook, and drummer Doug Clifford. Their Buffalo Springfield Tour Dates Buffalo Springfield was a North American rock band renowned both for its music and as a springboard for the careers of Neil Young, Stephen Stills, and Richie Furay. Among the first wave of North American bands to become popular in the wake of the British invasion, the group combined rock, folk, and Beck Hansen Tour Dates Beck Hansen is an American musician, singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist, known by the stage name Beck. The four-time platinum artist rose to underground popularity with his early works, which combined social criticism with musical and lyrical experimentation. He first earned wider public at Willie Nelson Tour Dates Willie Hugh Nelson is an American country music singer-songwriter, as well as an author, poet, actor, and activist. The critical success of the album Shotgun Willie, combined with the critical and commercial success of Red Headed Stranger and Stardust, made Nelson one of the most recognized artists Dean Martin Tour Dates Dean Martin was an American singer, film actor, television star and comedian. One of the most popular and enduring American entertainers of the mid-20th century, Martin was nicknamed the "King of Cool" for his seemingly effortless charisma and self-assuredness. He was a member of the "Rat Pack" and Linda Ronstadt Tour Dates Linda Marie Ronstadt is an American popular music recording artist. She has earned eleven Grammy Awards, two Academy of Country Music awards, an Emmy Award, an ALMA Award, numerous United States and internationally certified gold, platinum and multiplatinum albums, in addition to Tony Award and Gold Brenda Lee Tour Dates Brenda Mae Tarpley, known as Brenda Lee, is an American performer who sang rockabilly, pop and country music, and had 37 US chart hits during the 1960s, a number surpassed only by Elvis Presley, The Beatles, Ray Charles and Connie Francis. She is best known for her 1960 hit "I'm Sorry", and 1958's " Pat Boone Tour Dates Charles Eugene "Pat" Boone is an American singer, actor, and writer. He was a successful pop singer in the United States during the 1950s and early 1960s. His hit songs were cover versions of black R&B artists' hit songs, when parts of the country were racially segregated and black musical artists w Barry Gibb Tour Dates Barry Alan Crompton Gibb CBE is a musician, singer, songwriter, and producer who rose to worldwide fame as a founder member of the Bee Gees. He is also the eldest and last surviving Gibb brother. With his younger brothers, twins Robin and Maurice, he formed the Bee Gees, one of the most successful p Joan Osborne Tour Dates Joan Elizabeth Osborne is an American singer-songwriter and interpreter of music, having recorded and performed in various popular American musical genres including pop, soul, R&B, blues and country. She is best known for her song "One of Us". She has toured with Motown sidemen the Funk Brothers and


After 2007, which boat class was not run as a World Rowing Championship event?

TOTAL SPORTS INFO Multi Sports Events 2014 World Rowing Championships The 2014 World Rowing Championships will get underway from August 24 to August 31 at Bosbaan, Amsterdam in the Netherlands. FISA (the International Rowing Federation) presents, the once in a year, weeklong rowing regatta. Those years, in which Olympics are not held, the regatta is the most important event in the international calendar of Rowing. 2014 World Rowing Championships The 2014 World Rowing Championship to be hosted in Amsterdam, is the most significant rowing event of 2014, and will be the centre of attraction for the best international rowers from all over the world. More or less, one thousand athletes from more than sixty countries will compete in 27 events, along with five para-rowing events. The World Rowing Championships will be staged on the historic Bosbaan racecourse, which is just fifteen minutes drive from the heart of Amsterdam. The World Championships are more than just about fast racing. A good number of activities, slated for around the race course, ensure both Dutch and international guests a thrilling experience. In addition to musical concerts and sports-related activities, there will be a variety of banquets and food outlets including food stalls, beer gardens and picnic areas. Over and these, there will be the AEGON FanZone, where rowing fans and athletes can meet to enjoy some of the formal and informal festivities. It is an occasion that anybody can desire to be present at the World Rowing Championships to cheer the favourite teams and also enjoy a day out with beloved ones and companions. Top class racing on the Bosbaan creates a frolic, fun and friendly occasion to entertain young and old, rowing fans and sports lovers, in a similar way. The 2014 World Rowing Championships in Amsterdam are going to be the 45th year of the regatta. The inaugural World Rowing Championships were hosted by Lucerne in 1962. Amsterdam will present the World Rowing Championships for the second time in 2014. The 1977 World Rowing Championships were also held in Bosbaan. In the course of the same year, East German rowers proved to be unconquerable, winning eleven out of eighteen events. The Netherlands won one silver and one bronze. Since 1974, The World Rowing Championships have been held every year. In Olympic years, the Championships are conducted for athletes to contest for world titles in the non-Olympic events. The Netherlands will present a global rowing event again two years after the 2014 World Championships in Amsterdam. The World Championships for non-Olympic events will be conducted at the Willem-Alexander Baan in Rotterdam, in 2016. The 2014 World Rowing Championships getting underway at the Bosbaan will feature the rowing course, which is 2300 meters long and 118 meters wide and situated in the Amsterdam Forest, not very far-off from the midpoint of Amsterdam. The Bosbaan has had its share of international rowing feat. In addition to the 1977 World Championships, Amsterdam had staged the 2005 and 2011 Worlds Rowing under 23 Championships and the 2006 World Rowing Junior Championships. An annual top draw on the Bosbaan racing calendar is the Royal Holland Cup, constantly boasts a strong international field. Also, the Bosbaan happens to be the location for the Dutch Olympic training centre, and address for most of the Dutch racing crews and athletes from the AEGON National Rowing Team. The Bosbaan, erected, in 1936 is the most age old artificial rowing course in the world. The historic race course was renovated, deepened and widened from six to eight lanes in 2001, making it more fitting for world championship racing. In 1962, the opening event was presented by Lucerne, Switzerland. The event, since then, was conducted once in every four years up till 1974, when it was changed to an annual competition. Additionally, Men's lightweight and Women's open weight events were included in the championships in 1974. In 1985 Women's lightweight events were introduced in the schedule. In 2002 adaptive rowing events were initiated for the f


Stories about what fictional heroes were written under the pen name of Franklin W Dixon?

Franklin W. Dixon | The Hardy Boys Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Share Franklin W. Dixon , is the pen name or house name that has been used for all Hardy Boys books, except for the graphic novels and Nancy Drew and Hardy Boys SuperMystery . For the Nancy Drew crossover books the Nancy Drew house name, Carolyn Keene , was used. Franklin W. Dixon . A 1995 edition of Boy's Life magazine, known for its review of Boy Scouts, told of the pen name of Franklin W. Dixon, and conducted a phone interview with two authors who were currently writing under the name of Dixon. Both authors referred to themselves as Mr. X and Mr. Y, stating that they were sworn to secrecy to protect the pen name. A tribute to Franklin W. Dixon was found in the second-person narrative "Choose Your Own Adventure" book Longhorn Territory, where the reader is given the option to work as a rider for the Pony Express. One of the station masters is named Frank Dixon. Contents


10 Nursery Rhymes and Their Origins - Listverse 10 Nursery Rhymes and Their Origins Listverse Staff August 19, 2009 What child doesn’t love nursery rhymes? It is this love which has allowed so many of these tales to survive hundreds of years. While many nursery rhymes are innocent stories, some contain morals and others have sinister or political underlying meanings. This list looks at ten popular nursery rhymes and their origins (or speculated origins). 10 Humpty Dumpty Humpty Dumpty was first printed in 1810. At the time, a humpty dumpty was a clumsy person, so the nursery rhyme was meant as a riddle. It doesn’t actually state that Humpty Dumpty is an egg, so the aim of the reader is to guess what he really is. Of course there is not a person who knows the tale these days that doesn’t know he is an egg. There is speculation that the nursery rhyme had an underlying meaning – in which Humpty Dumpty represents King Richard III of England and the wall his horse. Others have suggested that it refers to the downfall of Cardinal Wolsey at the hand of King Henry VIII. 9 Sing a Song of Sixpence Sing a song of sixpence dates back to at least the eighteenth century. In the original, the tale ends with a blackbird pecking off the nose of the maid in the garden; in the mid-nineteenth century this was sanitized with the addition of a final verse in which a doctor sews it back on. While interpretations vary wildly, the four and twenty blackbirds are most likely simply a reference to a common practice in the sixteenth-century in which large pies were baked then filled with live birds which would escape when the pie was cut. This stems from the fact that a meal was meant not just as nourishment, but entertainment. 8 Rock-a-bye Baby Originally titled ‘Hushabye Baby’, this nursery rhyme was said to be the first poem written on American soil. Although there is no evidence as to when the lyrics were written, it may date from the seventeenth century and have been written by an English immigrant who observed the way native-American women rocked their babies in birch-bark cradles, which were suspended from the branches of trees, allowing the wind to rock the baby to sleep. An alternative interpretation states that the baby is the son of King James II of England, who was widely believed to be someone else’s child smuggled into the birthing room in order to provide a Catholic heir for James. In this interpretation, the cradle represents the Stuart monarchy. 7 Little Jack Horner The first recorded version of Little Jack Horner comes from the eighteenth-century but it is most likely to have be known since the seventeenth. In the nineteenth century the story began to gain currency that the rhyme is actually about Thomas Horner, who steward to Richard Whiting, the last abbot of Glastonbury Abbey before the dissolution of the monasteries under Henry VIII of England. The story is reported that, prior to the abbey’s destruction, the abbot sent Horner to London with a huge Christmas pie which had the deeds to a dozen manors hidden within it and that during the journey Horner opened the pie and extracted the deeds of the manor of Mells in Somerset. It is further suggested that, since the manor properties included lead mines in the Mendip Hills, the plum is a pun on the Latin plumbum, for lead. The current owners of Mells Manor have stated that they doubt this interpretation. 6 Little Bo Peep The earliest record of this rhyme is in a manuscript of around 1805, which contains only the first verse. There are references to a children’s game called “Bo-Peep”, from the sixteenth century, including one in Shakespeare’s King Lear (Act I Scene iv), but little evidence that the rhyme existed. The additional verses are first recorded in the earliest printed version in a version of Gammer Gurton’s Garland or The Nursery Parnassus in 1810, making this one of the most modern nursery rhymes on the list. 5 Mary, Mary, Quite Contrary Mary, Mary, Quite Contrary has been seen as having religious and historical significance, but its origins and meaning are disputed as is o


During World War II, Operation Sealion was the codename for the invasion of which area?

World War II: Operation Sea Lion - Invasion of Britain, 1940 World War II: Operation Sea Lion World War II Battles - Europe World War II: Operation Sea Lion Invasion barges assembled at the German port of Wilhelmshaven.  Photograph Courtesy of Deutsches Bundesarchiv (German Federal Archive), Bild 101II-MN-1369-10A Operation Sea Lion - Conflict & Date: Operation Sea Lion was slated to take place sometime in late 1940, during World War II (1939-1945). Operation Sea Lion - Background: In the summer of 1940, shortly after Germany's stunning conquest of France, Adolf Hitler turned his attention to the final defeat of Britain. Somewhat surprised that London had rebuffed peace overtures, he issued Directive No. 16 on July 16 which stated, "As England, in spite of the hopelessness of her military position, has so far shown herself unwilling to come to any compromise, I have decided to begin to prepare for, and if necessary to carry out, an invasion of England...and if necessary the island will be occupied." For this to succeed, Hitler laid out four conditions that had to be met to ensure success. Similar to those identified by German military planners in late 1939, they included elimination of the Royal Air Force to ensure air superiority, clearing of the English Channel of mines and the laying of German mines, the emplacing of artillery along the English Channel, and preventing the Royal Navy from interfering with the landings. Though pushed by Hitler, neither Grand Admiral Erich Raeder of the Kriegsmarine or Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring of the Luftwaffe were avid supporters of the invasion plan. Operation Sea Lion - German Planning: Dubbed Operation Sea Lion, planning moved forward under the guidance of Chief of the General Staff General Fritz Halder. Though Hitler had originally desired to invade on August 16, it was soon realized that this date was unrealistic. Meeting with planners on July 31, Hitler was informed that most desired to postpone the operation until May 1941. As this would remove the political threat of the operation, Hitler refused this request but agreed to push Sea Lion back until September 16. In the early stages, the invasion plan for Sea Lion called for landings on a 200-mile front from Lyme Regis east to Ramsgate. This would have seen Field Marshal Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb's Army Group C cross from Cherbourg and land at Lyme Regis while Field Marshal Gerd von Rundstedt 's Army Group A sailed from Le Havre and the Calais area to land the southeast. Possessing a small and depleted surface fleet, Raeder opposed this broad front approach as he felt it could not be defended from the Royal Navy. As Göring began intense attacks against the RAF in August, which developed into the Battle of Britain , Halder vehemently attacked his naval counterpart feeling that a narrow invasion front would lead to heavy casualties. Operation Sea Lion - The Plan Changes: Bowing to Raeder's arguments, Hitler agreed to narrow the scope of the invasion on August 13 with the westernmost landings to be made at Worthing. As such, only Army Group A would take part in the initial landings. Composed of the 9th and 16th Armies, von Rundstedt's command would cross the Channel and establish a front from the Thames Estuary to Portsmouth. Pausing, they would build up their forces before conducting a pincer attack against London. This taken, German forces would advance north to around the 52nd parallel. Hitler assumed that Britain would surrender by the time his troops reached this line. As the invasion plan continued to be in flux, Raeder was plagued by a lack of purpose-built landing craft. To remedy this situation, the Kriegsmarine gathered around 2,400 barges from around Europe. Though a large number, they were still insufficient for the invasion and could only be used in relatively calm seas. As these were gathered in the Channel ports, Raeder continued to be concerned that his naval forces would be insufficient to combat the Royal Navy's Home Fleet. To further support the invasion, a myriad of heavy guns were emplaced along the Straits o


What board game is played with 24 pieces on a board marked with 64 squares, where the object is to capture an enemy piece by passing over it to a vacant square behind it?


The last element to be discovered in nature, rather than synthesized, was discovered In 1939. What was it?

Francium (Fr) | AMERICAN ELEMENTS ® Isotopes About Francium Francium is the second rarest and the most unstable naturally occurring element on the periodic table; only astatine is rarer. A product of a disintegration of actinium , which undergoes beta-disintegration 99% of the time, francium is so highly radioactive that its most stable isotope (Francium-233, formerly known as actinium-K) has a half-life of merely 22 minutes. As such, only 20-30 grams of the element are present at any given time in the earth’s crust, limited to trace amounts in uranium and thorium ores. Francium can be produced in the laboratory via bombardment of thorium with protons or radium with neutrons, but only in small quantities--the largest amount ever synthesized was a cluster of 30,000 atoms. The element has never been observed in bulk; with the lowest electronegativity of any element on the periodic table, it would immediately vaporize due to the extreme heat of decay. Thus, scientists estimate that francium’s theoretical properties are similar to the other members of the alkali metals family . There are no commercial applications for francium because of its instability. Dmitri Mendeleev predicted the existence of Francium in the 1870's, calling it “eka-caesium” because of its similarity to cesium (“eka” meaning one element down on the periodic table). The element was discovered by French chemist Marguerite Catherine Perey of the Curie Institute in 1939 while analyzing the decay of actinium ; named for her country of origin, Francium would become the last naturally-occurring element to be discovered rather than being synthesized in a laboratory. Francium Properties Francium is a S-Block, Group 1, Period 7 element. The number of electrons in each of Francium's shells is 2,8,18,32,18,8,1 and its electronic configuration is 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p6d10 4s2p6d10f14 5s2p6d10 6s2p6 7s1. In its elemental form francium's CAS number is 7440-73-5. The francium atom has a radius of 270.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 348.pm. Francium was discovered by Marguerite Perey of the Curie Institute in Paris, France in 1939 although its existence was predicted by Mendeleev during the 1870's. Francium, formerly known as eka-caesium and actinium K, is the second rarest naturally occurring element, the first being Astatine . Francium has the lowest electronegativitiy of all known elements and it was the last element discovered in nature. Outside of the laboratory, only trace amounts of francium can be found in uranium and thorium ores. Out of all of the naturally occurring elements, francium is the most unstable. Due to its rarity and instability, commercial applications for francium do not exist. Francium information, including technical data, properties, research, and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, conductivity and thermal properties are also included.


"""Nimrod"" is a piece of music written by Edward Elgar as part of what larger work?"

Enigma Variations | work by Elgar | Britannica.com work by Elgar Alternative Title: “Variations on an Original Theme (“Enigma”), Op. 36” Related Topics Nimrod ” variation from Edward Elgar’s Enigma … Enigma Variations, byname of Variations on an Original Theme (“Enigma”), Op. 36 , series of 14 short musical portraits by Edward Elgar that premiered in London on June 19, 1899. The subjects of these portraits were several of the composer’s friends and family. The work’s origins were described by Elgar in a letter to his friend August Jaeger at the music publishing firm Novello & Company. “I have sketched a set of Variations (orkestry) on an original theme,” the composer wrote. The Variations have amused me because I’ve labelled ’em with the nicknames of my particular friends—you [Jaeger] are Nimrod. That is to say I’ve written the variations each one to represent the mood of the ‘party’…it’s a quaint idee & the result is amusing to those behind the scenes & won’t affect the hearer who ‘nose nuffin.’ Sir Edward Elgar. EB Inc. Indeed, unfamiliarity with the originals sketched by Elgar does not detract from the hearer’s enjoyment of Elgar’s music, though deeper knowledge of the composer’s intentions adds a measure of humour that the casual listener might miss. The lovely first variation, for example, is an appreciation of the composer’s wife, Alice. The penultimate variation, devoted to a female friend whom Elgar believed was at the time on route to Australia , quotes Felix Mendelssohn ’s overture Calm Sea and Prosperous Voyage. Variation No. 11, though named for the organist George Sinclair, is really a portrait of Sinclair’s boisterous bulldog , Dan. The best known of the variations is the serene Variation No. 9, identified by the composer as “ Nimrod. ” The name is a play on words, as the biblical Nimrod was a great hunter, and the German word meaning “hunter” is Jaeger. This lyrical movement portrays a warm conversation between the composer and his friend Jaeger, who by Elgar’s account, offered valuable artistic guidance throughout a long partnership. The final variation portrays the composer himself, though it includes music from the first variation as well as the theme from “ Nimrod ” to indicate the significance of his two strongest influences. Similar Topics The structure of the Enigma Variations is as follows: C.A.E. (Elgar’s wife, Caroline Alice Elgar) H.D.S.-P. (Hew David Steuart-Powell, a pianist and fellow chamber musician) R.B.T. (Richard Baxter Townshend) R.P.A. (Richard Penrose Arnold, son of English poet Matthew Arnold ) Ysobel (Isabel Fitton, an amateur viola player) Troyte (A. Troyte Griffith, an architect and would-be pianist) W.N. (Winifred Norbury, a matron of the arts with a distinctive laugh) Nimrod (A.J. Jaeger [see above]) Dorabella (Dora Penny, daughter of the rector of Wolverhampton) G.R.S. (George Robertson Sinclair, organist at Hereford Cathedral, and his dog) B.G.N. (Basil G. Nevinson, amateur cellist and fellow chamber musician) *** (a female friend thought to be traveling) E.D.U. (Elgar’s wife’s nickname for him) Because the original score indicates the persons portrayed only by initials, one might surmise that their identities are the enigma of the title. Yet Elgar freely named each person and indicated what he had hoped to portray about them. According to Elgar, the true mystery was the piece’s theme. He noted that “through and over the whole set another and larger theme ‘goes’ but is not played.” This theme has been variously guessed to be “ Rule Britannia,


In which country did a suicide bombing take place in Taksim Square on 31 October 2010, resulting in at least 32 injuries, 15 of whom were police officers?

Country Reports on Terrorism 2010 Europe and Eurasia Overview Report August 18, 2011 European countries remained a focus of terrorist plots in 2010, a year marked by several attempted attacks by violent extremists in Denmark, the first suicide bombing in Scandinavia, and bombings on the Moscow metro and in the Russian North Caucasus. Non-religious violent extremist groups also remained active; anarchists in Greece repeatedly targeted government offices, foreign missions, and symbols of the state in both Greece and other European capitals. Long-active radical nationalist groups like the Kurdistan Workers Party (known as the PKK) in Turkey, and dissident Republican groups in Northern Ireland continued their campaigns of violence. Concerns about potential terrorist activities prompted countries ranging from the UK to Germany to raise their terrorism threat alert levels at various times during the year. For the most part, however, the year was marked by counterterrorism successes. European countries from Spain to Sweden attempted to strengthen counterterrorism legislation by criminalizing training in terrorist camps and terrorist recruitment. The Government of Spain, with cooperation from the Government of France, had continued success against ETA. Turkey shared draft legislation with the Financial Action Task Force designed to address identified shortcomings in its counterterrorism-finance laws, and also worked with Iraq and the United States on joint steps against the PKK. Successful prosecutions of terrorist suspects took a toll on facilitation networks across the continent. In Belgium, for example, seven defendants in an ongoing terrorism case, including Malika El-Aroud (the so-called “Internet jihadist”) were convicted in May, the first convictions under the country’s 2005 terrorism law. The continuing effectiveness of European security services, close cooperation between and among European countries, and the sheer technical capabilities available to most partner countries enabled authorities to prevent any major terrorist plot from coming to fruition in 2010. ALBANIA Overview: The Government of Albania worked on amendments to the terrorism statutes on the Criminal Code, maintained asset freezes against two individuals and thirteen foundations and companies on the UN Security Council's list of identified financers of terrorism, and established a law on the civil forfeiture of assets acquired through criminal activity. The Albania Border Police consistently improved security at border crossing points. Legislation and Law Enforcement: The Government of Albania sought to revise terrorism statutes of the Criminal Code and established a law on the civil forfeiture of assets acquired through criminal activity. The draft, pending approval by Parliament since November 2010, contains statutes covering acts with terrorist purposes, financing of terrorism, and money laundering. The amendments are based on Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and Committee of Experts on the Evaluation of Anti-Money Laundering Measures and the Financing of Terrorism (MONEYVAL) recommendations, as well as several UN conventions ratified by Albania. On December 10, local imam Artan Kristo, who in 2002 worked with the al-Qa’ida-linked charity al Haramain Foundation, was found guilty by a court in Durres and sentenced to five years in prison for "publicly inciting and propagating terrorist acts" in the AlbSelafi.net online forum. Kristo, also known as Muhamed Abdullah, appealed the decision and remained in detention. On December 22, 2009, the First Instance Court for Serious Crimes found Hamzeh Abu Rayyan guilty of hiding funds used to finance terrorism. Rayyan was sentenced to four years of imprisonment and ordered to pay a fine of US $6000. Rayyan appealed to the Supreme Court and on March 24, 2010, the Chief Justice suspended execution of the sentence pending a hearing of the case. The Albania Border Police (ABP) consistently improved security at border crossing points and the vast areas between the formal crossings, and implemented roving patrols in t


What country has borders with Libya, Sudan and Israel?

Egypt's border with Libya, Sudan ripe for Islamic State expansion Egyptian farmers harvest wheat in a village near Aswan, April 26, 2009. (photo by REUTERS/Asmaa Waguih) Egypt's border with Libya, Sudan ripe for Islamic State expansion Author: Mahmoud Salem Posted September 22, 2014 As the United States gears up for its war on the Islamic State  (IS), US Secretary of State John Kerry is flying all over the Middle East to form an international coalition of regional powers to join the war. His efforts have been met with nothing more than lip service for many reasons , but primarily the lack of credibility the United States has in the Middle East under President Barack Obama’s leadership, especially in Egypt. The Egyptian government’s official position is “ backing the coalition ” but “ not joining ” it, preferring to “fight its own battle against this common enemy.” Summary ⎙ Print Egypt’s border regions with Libya and Sudan lack government control, and are perfect ground for would-be jihadists to conduct smuggling and build up their strength. Author Mahmoud Salem Posted September 22, 2014 Egypt may be interested in fighting its own battles, or at least not opening up new international fronts that would stretch its armed forces when it needs them here, but the reality is that the frontline against IS is everywhere. The ingenious use of social media by IS has a reach and purpose far greater than simply asking Islamic-minded people to emigrate there; it aims to radicalize locals in other countries to start fighting their un-Islamic governments as well. There are many roads to having other countries join the caliphate, and it’s not only through expanding in the territories around IS' geographical borders, as we are seeing in Libya. The situation is further complicated once you consider the concept of “bayaa” (swearing fealty) to the caliph in Islam. The bayaa doesn’t require being under the geographical rule of the caliph or being part of his structure; it is a simple act of mutual recognition and loyalty at the price of blood. By swearing bayaa, the people state that they recognize the caliph as their ruler, and therefore he should recognize them as his subjects, and that the caliph’s enemy is their enemy, and their enemies are the caliph’s enemies. So, for example, if the United States attacks IS, and someone who has sworn bayaa to IS lives in the United States, then by duty, and with no prior corporation or alignment, that someone can commit violent acts against the US government on US soil. Swore bayaa, but live in Ghana? No problem. Attack the local US Embassy, citizens or US-affiliated businesses in Ghana in IS' name, and IS won’t mind or distance itself from the act or deny involvement and most likely will claim responsibility. What would a group of Egyptian jihad-minded individuals who want to help spread IS to Egypt, but have no actual connection to IS itself, do to achieve this goal? They will quickly realize that three things are required: recruits, money and weapons. With the current state of discontent and disillusionment that young Islamists have in Egypt, coupled with the seductiveness of the caliphate dream, it won’t be hard to find recruits. In the end, it comes down to money to obtain weapons, and since IS will not be sending funds to any ragtag group that claims affiliation, this money will have to be self-raised. How does one raise such an amount of money? Simple: The same three ways IS itself, at its beginning, would acquire money: Kidnapping: The fastest way to raise money is kidnapping someone and asking for ransom, which is why Iraq suffered an epidemic of kidnapping in the last 10 years. Interestingly, anyone who has been following Egyptian news in the past two months would have noticed the spike in kidnappings coupled with huge ransoms, especially the kidnapping of children. Kicking out religious minorities and appropriating their property: This is fairly straight to the point and actually quite common in a country such as Egypt that suffers from sectarianism. While such incidents usually take place


With which country is the bouzouki most associated?

Best "Bouzouki" Player in the World - YouTube Best "Bouzouki" Player in the World Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Dec 8, 2011 The bouzouki (Greek: μπουζούκι pronounced [buˈzuki]; plural: μπουζούκια), is a musical instrument with Greek origin in the lute family. A mainstay of modern Greek music, the front of the body is flat and is usually heavily inlaid with mother-of-pearl. The instrument is played with a plectrum and has a sharp metallic sound, reminiscent of a mandolin but pitched lower. There are two main types of bouzouki. The three-course with three pairs of strings (known as courses) and the four-course having four pairs of strings. Bouzouki in Turkish means "broken (from Turkish: bozuk), not functioning, modified." Here it is used in order to specify the size of the instrument, because of its modified (not proper) nature. It might be concluded, therefore, that the bouzouki has been named after the jargon of the Greek tamboura named saz, by the Greeks living in Turkey.[citation needed] An alternative popular etymology maintains that the word bouzouki was used because different tunings are required for the instrument to play in different musical scales known Dromoi in Greek or Maqam. ;"Around the turn of the century in Athens and Piraeus musicians adapted the saz to their needs, replacing the tied frets with metal frets like those of mandolins and guitars , and in the process abandoning the 1/4 tone system for the Western tempered tuned chromatic scale. By the 20's they had further changed the construction from solid carved saz bodies to mandolin-like bowl backs and had also added machine pegs, and settled on D A D as the tuning of the paired courses, the lowest pair including high octave double. The instrument was played with Greek guitars and a miniature version of itself tuned an octave higher. These instruments both are kind of transformation of ancient Greek Pandoura , the larger version called bouzouki and the diminutive baglamas. The origin of Bouzouki as a descendant of ancient Greek and eastern instruments, locates in ancient Greece,[1] where there had been an instrument known as the pandura or pandourion, also called the "trichordo" because it had three strings; it was the first fretted instrument known, forerunner of the various families of lutes worldwide.[2] The source of our knowledge about this instrument is the Mantineia marble (4th century BC), now exhibited at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens, depicting the mythical contest between Apollo and Marsyas, where a pandura is being played by a muse seated on a rock.[citation needed] The three-string, also known by the Hellenized name of Pandoura, refers primarily by lexicographers Pollux (2nd century AD) Hesychios , the Athenian and Nicomachus and Shown in clay figurines of 330-200 BC in the hands of women. From Byzantine times it was called pandouras and then tambouras (Elizabeth Jeffreys, John Haldon, Robin Cormack, The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Studies, Oxford University Press, 2008, p928. Cf. Nikos Maliaras, Byzantina mousika organa, EPN 1023, ISΒN 978-960-7554-44-4). On display in the National Historical Museum of Greece is the tambouras of a hero of the Greek revolution of 1821, General Makriyiannis. the tambouras of Yannis Makriyannis exposed in the National Historical Museum, Athens Other sizes have developed and include the Greek instrumental Tzouras ,smaller in size than the standard.[3] The early bouzoukia were mostly three-string (trichordo), with three courses (six strings in three pairs) and were tuned in different ways, as to the scale one wanted to play.[citation needed] At the end of the 1950s, four-course (Tetrachordo) bouzoukia started to gain popularity. The four-course bouzouki was made popular by Manolis Chiotis who also used a tuning akin to standard guitar tuning, which made it easi


According to Greek mythology, what was the deepest part of hell?

Tartarus | Theopedia Theopedia Login Tartarus Tartarus comes from the Greek word Tartaroo which is used only once in the New Testament in 2 Peter 2:4. "For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but cast them into hell (Lit. Tartarus) and committed them to chains of gloomy darkness to be kept until the judgment; . . ." (2 Peter 2:4, ESV). Most English versions, such as the KJV , NASB , NIV , and ESV , translate the word as Hell . According to Thayer’s Greek Definitions, Tartaroo is "the name of the subterranean region, doleful and dark, regarded by the ancient Greeks as the abode of the wicked dead, where they suffer punishment for their evil deeds; it answers to Gehenna of the Jews." John F. Walvoord writes that the term "is frequently found in Jewish apocalyptic literature, where it refers to a place even lower than hell where the wicked are punished."^ [1] ^ In Greek mythology, Tartarus is a place in the underworld — even lower than Hades . In Roman mythology, Tartarus is the place where enemies of the gods are sent. Virgil describes it in the Aeneid as a gigantic place, the deepest part of the underworld, surrounded by the flaming river Phlegethon and triple walls to prevent its tormented captives from escaping. ^ [2] ^ Notes ↑ John F. Walvoord in Four Views on Hell, p. 22 ↑ Virgil, The Aeneid, Bk VI:535-627 The Sibyl Describes Tartarus. External links


"The word ""Droogies"" was coined in which novel, made into a film directed and co-written by Stanley Kubrick in 1971?"

Stanley Kubrick - The Milk Bar - Care2.com Mehr I. Stanley Kubrick November 30, 2006 8:44 AM Stanley Kubrick ( July 26 , 1928 � March 7 , 1999 ) was an influential and acclaimed American film director and producer . Born in The Bronx in New York City to Jewish parents of Austro - Romanian and Polish origin, he became interested in photography at a young age, and after graduating high school he obtained a job with the primarily photographic magazine Look , first working freelance and eventually becoming a full-time staff member. He made his foray into filmmaking by directing several promotional and documentary shorts for RKO Pictures , most of which were financed and made solely by Kubrick himself. [ edit ] Early life Kubrick was born on July 26 , 1928 at the Lying-In Hospital in Manhattan , New York City , United States , the first child of Jacques Kubrick and his wife Gertrude (n�e Perveler). His sister, Barbara, was born in 1934. Jacques, whose parents had been Jewish immigrants of Austro - Romanian and Polish origin, was a successful doctor. At Stanley's birth, the Kubricks lived in an apartment at 2160 Clinton Avenue in The Bronx . Kubrick's father taught him chess at age twelve, and the game would remain a lifelong obsession. At thirteen Jacques Kubrick bought his son a Graflex camera, triggering Kubrick's fascination with still photography . At this time, he also became interested in jazz , and attempted a brief career as a drummer . Stanley Kubrick grew up in the Bronx , New York City as the first child of a well-to-do family. Kubrick attended William Howard Taft High School from 1941 to 1945. (Chanteuse Eydie Gorme was a schoolmate.) He was a poor student with a meager grade average of 67. When he graduated from high school in 1945, colleges were flooded with soldiers returning from service in the Second World War , and Kubrick's poor grades eliminated his hopes of attending a post-secondary school. Later in life, Kubrick would speak of his education and of education in general with disdain, and maintained that nothing in school interested him. While in high school, Kubrick was chosen to be the official school photographer for a year. Eventually he sought job opportu  [  November 30, 2006 8:46 AM Film career and later life Day of the Fight in 1951. Although the distributor went out of business that year, Kubrick sold Day of the Fight to RKO Pictures for a profit of one hundred dollars. Kubrick quit his job at Look and began work on his second documentary short, Flying Padre (also from 1951), funded by RKO. A third film, The Seafarers (1953), Kubrick's first color film, was a 30-minute promotion short for the Seafarers' International Union. These three films, plus several other short subjects which have not survived, constitute Kubrick's only work in the documentary genre. He also served as second unit director on an episode of the television show Omnibus about the life of Abraham Lincoln . Self-Portrait of Kubrick with a Leica III camera, at the time he was working for Look (from the book "Drama and Shadows"). Beginning with Fear and Desire in 1953, Kubrick began concentrating solely on feature-length narrative films. Fear and Desire concerns a team of soldiers trapped behind enemy lines in a fictional war. In the finale, the men realize the faces of their enemies are identical to their own (the characters are played by the same actors). Kubrick and wife Toba Metz were the only crew on the film, which was written by Kubrick's friend Howard Sackler , who later became a successful playwright. Fear and Desire garnered respectable reviews, but was a commercial failure. In later life, Kubrick was embarrassed by the film, which he dismissed as an amateur effort. He refused to allow Fear and Desire to be shown in retrospectives and other public screenings after establishing himself as a major filmmaker. The film was later released on DVD unofficially, and student filmmakers who have seen it have confirmed that it is 'encouragingly bad'. Kubrick's marriage to his high school sweetheart Toba ended during the making of Fea


"Which of the few of the original Star Wars trilogy cast believed that the film would be a box office hit and did a deal for two percent of the gross, but later proposed to George Lucas that his character be killed off because he ""just couldn't go on speaking those bloody awful, banal lines""?"

Joe Hallenbeck reviews. STAR WARS EPISODE ONE: THE PHANTOM MENACE Joe Hallenbeck reviews.... STAR WARS EPISODE ONE: THE PHANTOM MENACE Published at: May 24, 1999, 1:22 p.m. CST by staff Warning.... You are about to read a review by Joe Hallenbeck. The man who always follows through by twisting the knife. This review will OFFEND NEARLY ANYONE INVOLVED WITH THE MOVIE, STAR WARS, ETC.... However, Though I am on the exact opposite polar extreme with my feelings about this film, I can see where Joe is coming from in this review. And I think his feelings are shared by more people than will admit it. I've seen people fall in love with this film, be disappointed by it and loathe it with every fibre of my being. And ya know... I can see all three points of view, but then I'm one of the delusional folks that'll end up on a therapist's couch trying to figure out why I fucked my neighbor's cat (as Joe so eloquently puts it!) Oh yeah. VULGARITY WARNING.... BEWARE.... THIS IS JOE HALLENBECK. His feelings are not mine, and you will feel provoked. Two years ago, he screamed out, "DEATH TO SCHUMACHER".... well... now... well... see for yourself... The Mighty one here. This will be my final review…maybe. We’ll see what my future holds. I hope I’m still able to piss everyone off. Well, here goes DEATH TO LUCAS!!! I want him DEAD! I want his Family DEAD! I want his friends DEAD! I want Skywalker Ranch burned down to the ground so I can go up there and piss on the ashes! Other than that, how y’all doin’? Oh, I know how most of you are…it’s like you just came and realized you blew your wad on a 75 year old whore named Flo. It was your first time and it wasn’t all that great. All the waiting…the anticipation and now you finally realized that it wasn’t all THAT. The pathetic thing is you fuckin losers that have planned your whole life around this second coming can’t and won’t even admit that the movie pretty much sucked. You’re in such a state of denial. Years from now, when you’re lying on your Shrink’s couch, trying to figure out why you beat your kids and had sex with the neighbor’s cat, Psychiatrists will trace everything back to this tremendous let down and this state of denial that you have been living in lo these many years. You freaks actually made Trekkies look cool…a feat that seemed nearly impossible. For Christsakes, people, it’s only a fuckin’ movie!!! I just thank my lucky stars I stayed grounded in reality when it came to this flick. I didn’t get overly excited. I waited a total of 4 hours in line and THAT was 3 hours and 59 minutes too long. At the end of the film I turned to one of my buds and said, “GODZILLA’s lookin’ mighty good.” I wasn’t devastated that the movie sucked. I had a feeling it would. However, I didn’t think it would be as bad as it was. I expected some Ewok lameness, but Jar Jar and the rest of the kiddie-ish antics went far and beyond the call of lame. Even kids groan at the stupidity and silliness in front of them. This is not a fuckin Muppet Movie, George. I expected to see Miss Piggy kicking some Imperial ass in the background. If you were to combine the lameness of Godzilla, TMNT II, and ID4, it doesn’t even come close to the amount of lameness incorporated into this horrendous piece of shit. Let the Mighty one break down the lameness for you: THE DIRECTING – For the love of Spielberg, George, let someone else direct the sequels. Granted, you’ve been sitting on your bum for 22 years, but that’s no excuse. Your total lack of attention paid to your actors was quite evident. You were more concerned with those phony looking Gungans than with the flesh and blood in front of you. This was never more apparent than in the goodbye scene between Ani and his mother. I’ve witnessed more warmth during a Mob hit. This was meant to be the tender scene…the emotional core of the movie. It was treated in such a blasÃ© matter I got the impression he was just walking in the other room instead of leaving his mother for good! What made this scene even more excruciating to watch was the stale acting job of Mama and th


Turkish/Slang - Wikibooks, open books for an open world Turkish/Slang Jump to: navigation , search Turkish has a rich variety of swear words and other types of slang. Because of words with multiples meanings even a simple word could mean seriously vulgar in different circumstances. As most of them are used quite often (in an informal context, of course), it would be useful to learn them. You may find some of their literal meanings rather interesting. To learn about them, read the Cultural note section of this page. Contents Offensive[ edit ] These words are obviously all offensive and generally should not be said, especially for someone who is not fluent (probably yourself). They are included here mostly so you will understand what people are saying to each other (and hopefully not to you!). kaşar - polite way to say bitch, it also means damn/fuck this. Probably the most common slang used by turks and less offensive compared to all these words below! siktir - common cuss word- Fuck milli olmak - to become a civil soldier - Someone who has lost their virginity. abaza - hungry - i.e. "Hungry" for sex - horny. amcık - little pussy - Someone who is stupid, annoying or foolish. aşk meleği - angel of love - Prostitute. bok - shit böluk - section; local to the city, Antalya - Penis. göt - ass göt lalesi - ass tulip - asshole or asswipe hıyar - cucumber - Cock, dickhead, etc. ibne - passive male homosexual partner Nataşa - Natasha - Whore. orospu çocuğu - son of a whore, bastard sikmek - to fuck ananı sikerim - I'll fuck your mother. siktir git - fuck off sürtük - slut çomar - watchdog - pleb, anatolian peasant - generally used when referring to Erdoğan supporters keko/heval/kıro - friend in Kurdish - used as a derogatory term for Kurdish people, also used to call a Turkish person backwards/stupid/retarded at hırsızı - horse thief - ugly looking person, specifically used against males hırt - boor çekirge götü - butt of a crockett - derogarory term against short people sırık - long stick - derogatory term against tall people zübük - self-seeker - utilitarian An interesting occurrence. - e.g. "Film gibiydi" - It was like a film. A lie or made-up story (i.e. bullshit). fıstık - pistachio - A very attractive young woman. yalan olmak - to become a lie- If a meeting or a probable event announces to be cancelled due to unexpected circumstances then you can say "It became a lie "Yalan oldu Ver - Give Hıyar[ edit ] In Turkish, "hıyar" means "cucumber." Until the word became synonymous for "cock," everyone would use it for cucumber. Nowadays, when people want to say cucumber without any sexual connotations, they would have to say "'salatalık.'" Technically this word has no real sense, as "salatalık" literally means "something you would put in a salad." If you were to have used this word before the word "hıyar" had sexual connotations, nobody would know exactly what you were referring to (tomatoes? lettuce? etc.). The way this word changed meaning over time is similar to how the definition of gay, in English, turned into homosexual. In older times, someone claiming that they were "feeling gay," meant that they were feeling a joyous or happy emotion. Today, gay has primarily turned synonymous homosexual, so these days people more often say they are "feeling happy" instead of "feeling gay" to express positive emotion. If someone were to say they were "feeling gay" today, it would mean that they were "feeling homosexual," which does not make much sense because homosexual is not an emotion. Nataşa[ edit ] You may have noticed that one of the offensive slang words above was derived from the Eastern Slavic name, Natasha. If you ever go to Turkey, namely the southern Mediterranean coast (especially in the summer), you'll find the place absolutely packed with Russian tourists. Also, every year more and more Russians are settling in Turkey. You will also find that people who belly dance in Turkish restaurants, clubs, etc. are almost always Russian, not Turkish. In addition, as, unfortunately, young Russian women are stereotyped not just in Turkey,


"""Whispering"" Ted Lowe was associated with which sport?"

Tears at The Crucible as snooker pays tribute to 'Whispering' Ted Lowe - Daily Record Tears at The Crucible as snooker pays tribute to 'Whispering' Ted Lowe VOICE of snooker "Whispering" Ted Lowe died yesterday - on the day this year's world final began.  Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Thank you for subscribing! Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email VOICE of snooker "Whispering" Ted Lowe died yesterday - on the day this year's world final began. Ted, 90, was watching TV coverage of the championships just hours before he passed away at a hospice after a 10-week illness. Widow Jean said: "He still loved the game." Ted commentated on snooker for the BBC from 1969 until his retirement in 1996. Co-commentator and former world champ Dennis Taylor said: "I had great times with Ted. No praise is high enough." Ex-pro and current commentator John Virgo added: "Ted set the standard for us all. He was one of the BBC greats." Crucible Final Special: Page 42 Like us on Facebook


Who portrays the fictional character Captain Jack Sparrow on film?

Captain Jack Sparrow | Pirates Online Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Jack Sparrow with Giselle and Scarlet . Although Will has been saved, and the Dutchman crew has regained their humanity, Will is now bound to the Flying Dutchman and must spend ten years in the Netherworld ferrying souls to the other side. Will and Elizabeth have one day together to consummate their marriage on an island before Will leaves. Will entrusts Elizabeth with the Dead Man’s Chest containing his heart. Shortly after, Barbossa again commandeers the Black Pearl to seek the Fountain of Youth using Feng's charts, leaving Jack stranded in Tortuga . Having anticipated Barbossa's deception, Jack has already removed the chart's working parts and sets sail in a small dinghy, searching for immortality. In a post-credits scene set ten years later, Elizabeth and her son wait atop a cliff for Will's return from the Netherworld. Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides In London, England, Joshamee Gibbs  had been captured by the authorities, while being mistaken as Jack Sparrow, and was brought on trial. He was given a life sentence by Jack Sparrow himself, who was disguised as Justice Smith, and was ordered to be transported to the Tower of London. Jack takes off his disguise as he made his way to join Gibbs in the prison carriage, having already paid the driver to take them out of London so they could make for the coast. While in the carriage together they catch up with each other, until they unexpected arrive to St. James Palace surrounded by Royal Guards, who also paid the carriage driver. One of guards knocks out Jack before he was dragged into the palace to meet with King George II. Because the Spanish had located the Fountain of Youth, King George wanted Jack Sparrow to help the British find the Fountain first, knowing Jack was in possession of a map that led to the Fountain of Youth. When the King asks for the map, Jack reaches for his coat, but the map wasn't there, as Gibbs took them before Jack was taken to the palace. Jack tells the King and his ministers that he doesn't have them, but that he knew the way to the Fountain. King George then introduces Jack to the man who will lead the expedition. Jack asks who will lead the expedition to the Fountain: Hector Barbossa, who has now become a privateer for the King. When Jack asks what became of the Black Pearl, Barbossa simply tells Jack that he lost the Pearl as he lost his right leg, showing off his peg leg. After being told that the Pearl was sunk, Jack lunged toward Barbossa only to be held back by two guards. Before Barbossa and King George resumed their business, Jack escapes from the palace, in which he jumps out the window. Jack engages the royal guards in a carriage chase, until Jack drives a cart full of coal. He shoves the driver of the cart and rides away from the British soldiers chasing him. Winding up near a tavern called the Captain's Daughter, Jack reunites with his father Captain Teague, who saves Jack from being shot by a guard. As they enter the Captain's Daughter, Teague talks with Jack regarding the ritual needed for the Fountain of Youth and about those who are recruiting a crew. After confronting Scrum, another pirate in the tavern, tells Jack found the person who was impersonating him. He goes into the tavern's store room where the "Jack" imposter is in, and begins a duel. Eventually Jack's opponent uses a move that made him realize the imposter's identity as Angelica , his former love, and ended the duel with a kiss, for they were once lovers. After a brief reunion where they catch up, they fight the Royal Guards who were looking for Jack into the tavern. The soldiers break into the room and start to fight Jack and Angelica until the two were able to escape by using a lever to open a trap door on the floor beneath them so they fall into the River Thames. They swim out of the Thames, where Jack is shot with a voodoo dart, which made him unconscious. Jack would wake up five days later, where he found himself shanghaied aboard Blackbeard's ship, the Queen Anne's Revenge , wh


Who was Indiana Jones' 11 year old Chinese sidekick in Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom?

Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom - Golden Age Cinema and Bar GOLDEN AGE CINEMA AND BAR ESTABLISHED MMXIII « Back to Now Showing Tweet | Share Father’s Day Special Dun-da-da-dun, dun-da-dun… Dun-da-da-duuun!, dun-da-dun… Celebrate Father’s Day with Golden Age and Indiana Jones. All dads will receive a complementary glass of Stella on arrival. Sessions Watch Trailer ‘Ah, dessert! Chilled monkey brains’ This second Spielberg adventure film starring the archaeology professor/adventurer places our globetrotting hero Indiana Jones in India. After narrowly escaping a Chinese crime syndicate in Shanghai, Indy finds himself in a small town whose villagers are desperate for him to help them retrieve sacred stones from a gigantic, labyrinthian underground temple. Along for the ride are a sultry female nightclub singer named Willie (Kate Capshaw) and an 11-year-old Chinese sidekick named Short Round who chirps pithy lines in broken English reminding us that 1984 was years before political correctness became a thing. Why should you see this film? Temple of Doom is an apt name, not because it was soundtrack by Sunn 0))) (it wasn’t) but because compared to the first film this adventure is much more satanic and evil in a ’safe for 7 year olds’ kinda way. The adventure is much wilder and more fantastical, a la The Goonies mixed with the comical occult of that 80s Dragnet film. Flaming hearts, human sacrifice, eyeball soup and a mining cart ride chase scene add up to a film that was destined to become a pinball machine (whose left flipper always seems to be busted). Year:


What is a word game where paragraphs are written in which a particular letter or group of letters is omitted?

What does lipogram mean? Webster Dictionary(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Lipogram(noun) a writing composed of words not having a certain letter or letters; -- as in the Odyssey of Tryphiodorus there was no A in the first book, no B in the second, and so on Origin: [Gr. lei`pein, lipei^n, to leave, omit + -gram.] Freebase(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Lipogram A lipogram is a kind of constrained writing or word game consisting in writing paragraphs or longer works in which a particular letter or group of letters is avoided—usually a common vowel, and frequently "E", the most common letter in the English language. Writing a lipogram may be a trivial task for uncommon letters like "Z", "J", "Q", or "X", but it is much more difficult for common letters like "E", "T" or "A". Writing this way, the author must omit many ordinary words. Grammatically meaningful and smooth-flowing lipograms can be difficult to compose. A pangrammatic lipogram or lipogrammatic pangram is a text that uses every letter of the alphabet except one, e.g. "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog", which omits "S." Chambers 20th Century Dictionary(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Lipogram lī′pō-gram, n. the name given to a writing, esp. a poem from which all words are omitted which contain a particular letter.—adj. Lipogrammat′ic.—ns. Lipogram′matism; Lipogram′matist. [Gr. leipein, to leave, gramma, a letter.] Numerology The numerical value of lipogram in Chaldean Numerology is: 2 Pythagorean Numerology


The Ishtar Gate, constructed around 575BC by order of King Nebuchadnezzar II, was a gate to which city?

The Ishtar Gate - Biblical Archaeology Ancient Iraq (Bible History Online) The Ishtar Gate Did the Jewish captives  pass through this gate after the destruction of Jerusalem in 586 B.C.? This painting shows the reconstructed   47 foot tall Ishtar gate at the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. The Ishtar Gate was originally built   by the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II and    dedicated to the goddess Ishtar around 575 BC. It was awesome in    appearance and one of the most impressive monuments of the ancient Near   East. It was decorated    with glazed brick reliefs, in tiers, of dragons and young bulls. The gate    was a double gate, and it was the    starting point for the half mile Processional Way to the Temple of Marduk.    This gate was built by Nebuchadnezzar II, the same monarch who conquered    Jerusalem in 586 BC. The Ishtar Gate foundations were discovered in 1899,    and were reconstructed in the Pergamon    Museum, Berlin, from the glazed bricks and other material    excavated by the Robert Koldeway expedition in the early 1900's. This    discovery was monumental in the study of Biblical Archaeology, the very    Gate which the Jewish captives must have passed through, including Daniel    and Ezekiel. It shows the might and glory of the Babylonian Empire. "Is not this the great Babylon I have built as the royal residence, by my mighty power and for the glory of my majesty?" The words were still on his lips when a voice came from heaven, "This is what is decreed for you, King Nebuchadnezzar: Your royal authority has been taken from you." Daniel 4:30-31 Photograph of the Ishtar gate from the  Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.   Neo Babylonian Empire. Under Nabopolassar,  Babylon threw off Assyrian rule in 612 BC and became the capital of the  Neo-Babylonian (sometimes and possibly erroneously called Chaldean)  Empire. With the recovery of Babylonian independence, a new era of  architectural activity ensued, and his son Nebuchadnezzar II (604ï¿½561  BC) made Babylon into one of the wonders of the ancient world.[13]  Nebuchadnezzar ordered the complete reconstruction of the imperial  grounds, including rebuilding the Etemenanki ziggurat and the  construction of the Ishtar Gate ï¿½ the most spectacular of eight gates  that ringed the perimeter of Babylon. A reconstruction of The Ishtar  Gate is located in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. All that was ever  found of the Original Ishtar gate was the foundation and scattered  bricks. Nebuchadnezzar is also credited with the construction of the  Hanging Gardens of Babylon (one of the seven wonders of the ancient  world), said to have been built for his homesick wife Amyitis. Whether  the gardens did exist is a matter of dispute. Although excavations by  German archaeologist Robert Koldewey are thought to reveal its  foundations, many historians disagree about the location, and some  believe it may have been confused with gardens in the Assyrian capital,  Nineveh. Chaldean rule did not last long and it is not clear if  Neriglissar and Labashi-Marduk were Chaldeans or native Babylonians, and  the last ruler Nabonidus and his son and regent Belshazzar were  Assyrians from Harran. [Wikipedia] "For I will rise up against    them," says the LORD of hosts, "And cut off from Babylon the    name and remnant, And offspring and posterity," says the LORD. "I will also make it a possession for the porcupine, And marshes of    muddy water; I will sweep it with the broom of destruction," says the    LORD of hosts. Isaiah 14:22-23 The Ishtar Gate at Babylon Reconstruction Glazed Brick Total Heightï¿½47 Feet, Width-32 Feet Neo-Babylonian 7thï¿½6th Centuries BC Dedicator: Nebuchadnezzar II Staatliche Museen , Berlin Dept. of the Near East The Ishtar Gate, one of the eight gates of the    inner city of Babylon, was built during the reign of Nebuchadnezzar II    (604- 562 BC). Only the foundations of the gate were found, going down    some 45 feet,


What are the epic tales associated with Iceland traditionally called?

Icelandic literature | Britannica.com Icelandic literature drott-kvaett Icelandic literature, body of writings in Icelandic, including those from Old Icelandic (also called Old Norse) through Modern Icelandic. Icelandic literature is best known for the richness of its classical period, which is equivalent in time to the early and medieval periods in western European literature. The relative stability of the Icelandic language means that Icelanders today can without difficulty still read Old Icelandic sagas. Because early Norwegian literature is so closely intertwined with early Icelandic literature, both are discussed in this article. The Middle Ages The literature of Scandinavia and, in particular, of Iceland has reflected two extraordinary features of the social and cultural history of pagan Europe and of Iceland. The way in which names such as Siegfried , Brunhild , and Atli (Attila) cropped up again and again in different European literatures has borne witness to the dissemination of legends and traditions common to the early Germanic tribes of Europe, starting from the great movements westward in the 4th, 5th, and 6th centuries. The literature of Iceland not only provides the most detailed descriptions available of the lifestyle of early Germanic peoples but constitutes the most complete account of their literature and literary traditions. Although the sagas and poems were first written down by Christian scribes, they present a picture of a pre-Christian European culture that reached its heights of expression in the new settlements in Iceland. A second feature directly concerns the peoples of Scandinavia. A remarkable characteristic of early Scandinavian literature was the accuracy with which it described the geography of northern Europe, accuracy that was born of actual knowledge. From the late 8th century until well into the Middle Ages, the history of the Norsemen ( Vikings ) was one of unceasing movement toward western and central Europe. The Norsemen discovered Iceland, as early Icelandic historians had it, when their ships were blown off course about 860. The next century found them pushing west by way of Britain, Ireland, and France to Spain and then through the Mediterranean to North Africa and east to Arabia. Across land they reached the Black Sea; by sailing north they came to the White Sea; and finally, turning westward again, they reached America long before Columbus. Literature in Iceland and Norway Similar Topics Tibetan literature The roots of Icelandic literature and Norwegian literature, which reach back more than 1,000 years, are inextricably intertwined. Although a large part of this early literature was composed either in Iceland or elsewhere in Scandinavia by Icelanders, the Norwegian element in it is considerable and indisputable, even though this cannot always be isolated and defined. In many instances, it is obvious that some of the literature derives from a time before the Scandinavian settlement of Iceland in the 9th century. In other cases, it appears that the composers of the works had resided for long periods in the mother country of Norway. The classical period The best-known Icelandic literature belongs to the classical period, roughly equivalent to the early and medieval periods in western European literature. Icelandic manuscripts yield much knowledge of European myth and legend , which is in part common to all Germanic peoples. Stories of the Norse gods and myths—of Odin , god of war; Balder the Beautiful; Thor , god of thunder; and Valhalla , hall of the slain—form the nucleus of early Icelandic literature. Almost all extant early Scandinavian poetry was recorded in Icelandic manuscripts, although some was clearly composed before the Scandinavian peoples reached Iceland in the late 9th century. Much of the oldest poetry was recorded in the Codex Regius manuscript, which contains the Sæmundar Edda (c. 1270), commonly designated by scholars as the Poetic Edda , or Elder Edda (see Edda ). The poetry is sometimes called Eddaic and falls into two sections: heroic lays, which, broadly sp


The Tracy family were the lead characters in which British TV series?

Thunderbirds (Series) - TV Tropes As Long as It Sounds Foreign : Kyrano and Tin-Tin are just made up names that sound Asian. The Atoner : Parker used to be exclusively a criminal. Awesome, but Impractical : Pretty much everything, but the Crablogger and Sidewinder get special mentions. Fireflash is an airliner than can travel 6 times the speed of sound and remain aloft for 6 months. But its reactor shielding needs servicing every four hours or everyone on board will die of radiation exposure. Battle Butler : Parker. Weaponized car and all. Beware the Nice Ones : International Rescue is altruistic and will stop at nothing to rescue those in need. However, those who take pictures of their technology are dealt with harshly, whether it be having their film destroyed remotely, or even find themselves shot off the road by Lady Penelope. Also during 'Move and you're Dead', Scott in Thunderbird 1 shot at the villains who were responsible for putting Alan and Grandma Tracy on a bridge with a bomb on it. Big "SHUT UP!" : In "Brink of Disaster", Jeff does this to conman Warren Grafton when Grafton complains that the out-of-control monotrain is going too fast. In "Alias Mr. Hackenbacker", after Thunderbird 2 disables Skythrust's undercart, Mason (a hijacker) does this to Madeline (another hijacker) when she protests Mason's reluctant decision to allow the flight crew to return to London. Bowdlerise : In latter-day airings of "Day Of Disaster" (at least on The BBC ) when Brains dances for joy following the successful rescue of the rocket the line "You... er... don't suppose he escaped from somewhere, do you?" (said by one supervisor to another) is cut out. Broken Aesop : "Atlantic Inferno". Jeff leaves confident son Scott in charge of International Rescue - cue 'bad decisions', Jeff's ire, and an apparent Aesop of "being in charge is more difficult than it looks". However, Scott makes sensible decisions based on expert advice. Jeff unreasonably censures Scott without listening to the evidence, leaving Scott unable to function. The Aesop sadly becomes "adults are always right, even when they are wrong". Buccaneer Broadcaster : The pirate TV satellite KLA in "Ricochet", inspired by Real Life ship-based pirate radio stations like Radio Caroline and Radio London. And to a lesser extent, Parker's "Yus, M'Lady". Brains' "Of course! Why didn't I think of it before?" Christmas Episode : "Give or Take A Million". Which doubles as the last episode of the series. Chronic Hero Syndrome International Rescue will never turn down a call for help, even if they put themselves at risk of being unmasked like in "The Imposters" and "End of the Road". Lady Penelope suffers from this in "Path of Destruction". She has to find the one person who knows the complex shut down procedure of the Crablogger, an atomic-powered logging machine that has gone out of control and now threatens to destroy a dam and explode, putting thousands of lifes at risks, before it's too late. But despite this, she still can't help but stop along the way to help the victim of a car crash. Clip Show : "Security Hazard" — a surprisingly good one at that centering around a boy who snuck onboard Thunderbird 2 after a rescue. Done well because the clips are cut and edited to put spins on the previous episodes so the IR team can impress the boy. For example, the "Sun Probe" episode clip is edited to suggest Thunderbird 3 never got into a bit of a pickle after rescuing the probe. These cuts also give the viewers a hint as to how the episodes may have originally played out before the show was extended to an hour. This also averts one of the cliché standbys of Anderson series — many of them are prone to "it was all a dream" episodes (especially Stingray, which had three), but here it's averted by the boy himself, after they've returned him home and he's gone to sleep, waking up and thinking that it was all a dream. Thunderbird 1: silver and blue Thunderbird 2: green Cool Plane : Fireflash, a futuristic supersonic jetliner just look at it. Undeniably cool. Cool Ship : Five main ones, and many


The names of how many continents end with the same letter that they started with?

Unnecessary Knowledge | The names of all the continents end with the same letter that they start with, e.g. Asia, Europe. unnecessaryknowledge.com Comments on #1934 The names of all the continents end with the same letter that they start with, e.g. Asia, Europe. (14) Comments Chris: Okay guys. Geography lesson. There are 7 continents. Asia, Europe, Africa, Antarctica, North America, South America. Oceania. Oceania is Australia and surrounding islands on its CONTINENTAL SHELF. "Eurasia" encompasses two continents, just like the term "the Americas" for North and South America. RE: Tom. The Olympic Games Symbol, Symbolizes Eurasia, Africa, Oceania, North America and South America. Not too many folks competing in the Olympics are from Antarctica. Veronica: I've personaly never heard about.. oceania was it?.. Australia, Europe, Asia, America and Africa where the ones I was taught about in school.. But I think it should be changed to (the statement that is) that they all begin and end with the same letter in english.. cause in swedish only America and Africa begins and ends with the same letters, the others are Europa, Asien and Australien. Just saying.. off course europe and asia are seperated.. great britain! eurasia only exists in orwellian fact in the moves 1984.. you must be an american to state that fact Ascaronth: To Jack Hammer: Oceania IS a continent, not a region. Never hears someone calling Oceania "The new continent"? Coz it's the latest continent discovered. At least where i live they teach that the continents are 5: America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Oceania