Which famous retreat was formerly called Shangri-La?

Goodspeed: FDR found ‘Shangri-La’ in ship, retreat Goodspeed: FDR found ‘Shangri-La’ in ship, retreat Aviation history column with Hill Goodspeed Post to Facebook Goodspeed: FDR found ‘Shangri-La’ in ship, retreat Aviation history column with Hill Goodspeed Check out this story on pnj.com: http://on.pnj.com/1NfLMGU CancelSend A link has been sent to your friend's email address. Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 1 Goodspeed: FDR found ‘Shangri-La’ in ship, retreat Hill Goodspeed, Aviation History 8:45 p.m. CT April 16, 2016 Buy Photo Hill Goodspeed, National Naval Aviation Museum historian, shows two formerly top secret coastal silhouettes that were used for coastal recognition, much like the ones used in the Normandy invasion. (Photo: Ben Twingley/btwingley@pnj.com)Buy Photo 6 CONNECT TWEET LINKEDIN 1 COMMENTEMAILMORE Traditionally, the Navy has named its aircraft carriers after famous warships in naval history (Enterprise and Hornet), battles (Lexington and Saratoga), and people (Chester Nimitz and Ronald Reagan). There have been some exceptions, notably America, but in that name there was a connection to the nation the ship served. One flattop broke the mold when it came to carrier names, its origins not the annals of naval history, but by the pen of a British novelist and the subterfuge of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. On April 18, 1942, 16 Army Air Forces B-25 Mitchell medium bombers under the command of Lt. Col. James H. Doolittle launched from the aircraft carrier Hornet (CV 8) to attack the Japanese Home Islands, a highly secret and unconventional operation that provided American morale a much-needed boost. When asked by the press about the location from which the bombers launched, Roosevelt replied “Shangri-La” in reference to a mythical Himalayan kingdom created by James Hilton in his novel Lost Horizon published in 1933, the same year Roosevelt took office. Military/Homefront | Pensacola News Journal | pnj.com The ship from which the Doolittle Raiders actually launched continued in service until October 1942, when she was sunk at the Battle of Santa Cruz. Honoring her service, the Navy christened a new carrier Hornet (CV 12), which was placed in commission in November 1943. Subsequently, on Feb. 24, 1944, Mrs. Doolittle slammed a bottle of champagne against the hull of another flattop at the Norfolk Navy Yard, christening her Shangri-La. On Sept. 15, 1944, with work having been completed, the carrier was commissioned and headed to the Pacific, spending much of 1945 steaming with the Pacific Fleet in the final campaigns against Japan. Ironically, she launched planes to attack Tokyo, just as the Doolittle Raiders had done, and joined other U.S. Navy ships entering Tokyo Bay for the surrender ending World War II. For the ensuing quarter century, in between various periods in decommissioned status for modernization, Shangri-La served as both an attack carrier and antisubmarine warfare carrier and supported the atomic bomb tests at Bikini Atoll in 1946. Aircraft from her deck also waged war again, flying combat missions over Vietnam in 1970, the carrier’s last cruise before her final decommissioning. Since that time, no Navy ship has received the name Shangri-La. A carrier was not the only thing connected to Roosevelt that borrowed from the pages of Lost Horizon. In 1942, he ordered the conversion of a former Works Progress Administration camp located in the Cacotin Mountains near Thurmont, Md., into a presidential retreat, his interest in the project including details on the design of structures and even the drill schedules of Marines stationed there. The following year, he hosted British Prime Minister Winston Churchill at the site, which Roosevelt christened Shangri-La. It would continue to be known by that name until President Dwight D. Eisenhower changed it to honor his grandson. From that point until today, it has been known as Camp David. 6 CONNECT TWEET LINKEDIN 1 COMMENTEMAILMORE Read or Share this story: http://on.pnj.com/1NfLMGU TOP VIDEOS


Which is the only city in the county of Cornwall?

Truro | Cornwall Guide Truro Truro Cathedral The only city in Cornwall, although Bodmin is still nominally the county town. Truro’s most striking feature is the Cathedral , with its green spire and gothic appearance. Built at the turn of the century it dominates the Truro skyline with its 250 foot high towers and has some interesting Victorian stained glass windows. The south aisle of the cathedral is what remains of St Mary’s Church, said to be one of the finest pieces of medieval architecture in Cornwall. Its decorative style contrasts with the simplicity of the new part of the cathedral. The city's heritage is as a market town and port dating back over 800 years, booming during the tin mining era. Sat at the head of a navigable stretch of the River Fal Truro was within easy reach of the sea but more protected than Falmouth downstream. Truro Wharfside Nowadays the port is mostly used for pleasure cruises along the tributaries of the River Fal to Falmouth and St Mawes but in the not too distant past this was a bustling working port. Tales abound of the unsavoury characters and goings on along the quayside with press gangs and and rouges a plenty. As a result of all this nefarious activity there are no shortage of ghost stories from the wharfside and supernatural goings on have long been reported at the Radio Cornwall studios on Phoenix Wharf. These days much of the wharfside has been turned into offices and apartments and the only industrial activity is on Lighterage Quay's long quayside where cargoes such as scrap metal and cement are still loaded. In the early days of the city, there was a Norman castle overlooking the river. Nothing remains of this today apart from the name of a street and a hill. During the Civil War, Truro declared for the Royalists and, for a short time housed the Royalist mint. In those days there was constant rivalry between Truro and Falmouth, particularly over control of the river. Prosperity was short lived though and when the Parliamentarians took the town the mint was moved to Exeter and control of the river was divided with Falmouth. Lemon Street - Turo In spite of its early history, few very old buildings remain today and most of the town centre dates from Truro's Georgian, Regency and Victorian heyday. Many fine examples of 18th century architecture may be found in Princes Street, notably the Mansion House and Princes House. There are also many fine Georgian houses to be seen on Lemon Street, which climbs up from the city centre to the Lander Memorial. This is a column erected in 1835 to commemorate the local Lander brothers , explorers who discovered the source of the Nile. Walsingham Place - Truro Today Truro retains its standing as a market town and is main shopping town of Cornwall with much of the city centre converted to pedestrian areas. There is a large indoor market on Lemon Quay and occasional farmers’ markets close by. In addition to the major stores and chains such as Marks and Spencers, there are still many small individual shops to be found down the narrow streets of Truro. In spite of its city statue, Truro is not the largest town in Cornwall; there are several larger agglomerations. It does however employ more people than other towns with the major employers being the Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro College and Cornwall Council. As a result the city suffers from a level of traffic congestion little seen in the rest of Cornwall. The Royal Cornwall Museum in River Street has a fine geological collection and many other interesting exhibits on Cornish history and culture. Of particular interest is the 6th century 'Arthur's inscribed stone', found at Tintagel Castle and a real Egyptian mummy! In addition to the permanent collections there are frequent other interesting temporary exhibitions. Boscawen Street - Truro The Hall for Cornwall is now the premier entertainment centre for the county, hosting touring groups from opera, ballet and other companies. It is within a complex of cafés and shops in a recently renovated area of town. Positioned almost in the middle of Cornwall, T


Who did Marcel Duchamp paint complete with a moustache?

L.H.O.O.Q Mona Lisa With Moustache By Marcel Duchamp | Oil Painting Blog L.H.O.O.Q Mona Lisa With Moustache By Marcel Duchamp Posted on June 3, 2013 by artisoo L.H.O.O.Q Mona Lisa With Moustache L.H.O.O.Q Mona Lisa With Moustache   was made by the French painter Marcel Duchamp , which was also known as L.H.O.O.Q. L.H.O.O.Q was the homonym of French word, symbolizing lascivious and dirty; Duchamp regarded Vinci's classic work as the object openly mocking and showed the real look, ignoring the constraints of traditional character; he took the art to the extreme and to the subsequent movement in art with a new enlightenment. One day in December in 1919, Duchamp bought a printed Mona Lisa postcard in Liweili Street and outlined two small mustaches with a pencil in the elegant lady's face, and at the bottom drew several capital letters L. H. O. O. Q. The letters themselves had no meaning, but if you read the letters aloud, it would sound like French "her ass hot". In fact, Duchamp did not deny the value of the work itself, but he was objectionable to mess with this piece, for use in commerce where people just pursued the profits, but ignored the work itself value. Mona Lisa had been copied for many times, even the packaging was printed with Mona Lisa's smile. Duchamp angrily wrote the L. H. O. O. Q in this work. It was universal art would only bring profits to the businesses, with no meaning. Duchamp saw such noble art was trampled, which was so popular. They readily took out a brush to make an art contest. Of course, he was also very easy to reach the peak of the art, which became the object evaluation and criticism. He also won the people's respect. In the face of such situation, Duchamp said, "She is so famous and widely admired; I just want to make a joke with her. Strangely, when you see the beard, Mona Lisa naturally becomes a man, not a fancy dress into a man. It really is a man; this is what I found, although I am not aware of this point." Related Posts:


A rat called Splinter trained which quartet?

Master Splinter | TMNT Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Splinter is both the adoptive father and sensei of all four of the Turtles . He is wise, mature, and highly trained in the art of Ninjutsu . Honorable Rat Sensei of the Ninja Turtles Contents [ show ] Official Description "For many years I have lived in the shadows, training my adopted sons in the ways of Ninjutsu. I have tried to prepare them for the worst that the world has to offer - hoping it would never come. But we are running out of time. Our family is strong. I only hope that we are strong enough." - Splinter Description Master Splinter is the teacher and adoptive father of the Ninja Turtles. He has trained the Turtles in the art of Ninjitsu, but they are not ninja masters yet. Splinter is mature, serious, and protective. He fights with various ninja weapons and fights with many ninja skills. Any villain wishing to harm his sons will have to go through him first. History As Human Born in 1962 in Osaka, Japan into a peacekeeping ninja clan called  the Hamatos , Hamato Yoshi enrolled into a Martial Arts school before he could inherit his father's role as clan leader. His skills were only rivaled by fellow student Oroku Saki , who was Yoshi's adoptive brother, originally from one of the wiped out rival clans,  the Foot . Not only were they rivals in Martial Arts but also for the love of a beautiful woman named  Tang Shen , who eventually chose to marry Yoshi. Saki could not accept this and once insulted Yoshi in front of her. Yoshi lost his temper and struck Saki to the ground. This attack solidified Saki's hatred for Yoshi and he vowed revenge. During this time, Saki learned of his true heritage and rebuilt the Foot Clan, rechristening himself as "the Shredder". One night, he came to Yoshi's home armed with razor sharp claw weapons and challenged him to a duel to the death. Yoshi accepted, and the two tore through Yoshi's home, catching it on fire. Just as Saki was about to kill Yoshi, Shen interfered and took the fatal blow for herself. Yoshi escaped without knowing the fate of his baby daughter  Miwa , who Shredder secretly raised as his daughter, Karai. Yoshi made his way to America and attempted to make a new life in New York City. One day, out of loneliness, he visited a pet store and purchased four baby turtles . Walking home, he bumped into a man and felt off about him, so he decided to follow. He came into an alley and overheard a conversation between two strange men, later shown to be members of the Kraang . His foot spooked a rat hiding in the alley, causing the villains to spot him and attempt to kill him. Yoshi fought back but accidentally broke a canister of  Mutagen  they were holding in the process, spilling it all over himself and the turtles. Yoshi escaped down a sewer drain, now mutated into a humanoid rat. The turtles also mutated, gaining humanoid bodies and intelligence. Yoshi, knowing that they would be persecuted by humans, adopted these turtles as his sons and students and has raised them in the sewers of New York ever since. He started training them in his Ninjutsu techniques because he knew that, one day, his sons would want to explore the surface, but he knew it would also be dangerous. He took on the name of Splinter and gave the turtles names of painters and sculptors from a book of Renaissance Art that he found in a storm drain.  Appearance As Hamato Yoshi: Yoshi is tall, lean, and muscular, with dark brown eyes and black hair. He wears a red kimoto with his clan's symbol when he lived in Japan. During the time that he resided in America, he wears a whitish blue polo shirt, along with brown pants. As Splinter: Splinter has black, brown and white fur, with a droopy white beard, whiskers, a pink tail and a pink nose. He still wears the red kimoto that he wore in Japan. Unlike all of his past incarnations, Splinter is considerably taller than all of the Turtles. Personality Splinter is many things to the Turtles - A wise sensei, protective parent, loving father, stern disciplinarian, quirky master and Zen philosopher. He is determined


Who was the apostle chosen to replace Judas Iscariot?

Letter: Who replaced Judas Iscariot? Q: Since the twelve apostles are the foundation stones, and  Judas was replaced and is not considered among the twelve, who replaced him?  In Acts it says that Matthias was chosen by casting lots. Did Jehovah accept  the casting of lots that was done to choose Matthias, or did he choose Paul?  Which one of the two is the twelfth apostle, Matthias or Paul? (Acts  1:23-26) Thank you! _________________________   A: Who replaced Judas Iscariot? The Scriptures tell us it was Matthias, ï¿½he was reckoned along with the eleven apostles.ï¿½ (Acts 1:23-26) Some have trouble with that because of the manner in which the decision was reached, namely, casting lots to decide between Matthias and Joseph (who was also called Barsabbas). Many believe that Paul is a better candidate because he was chosen by Jesus personally; plus he had a greater impact on the congregations than even most of the apostles, especially Matthias who is not even mentioned again after having won the decision. Some also point to the many letters that Paul wrote, whereas Matthias did not seem to have contributed to any writing of the Bible that we know of. But that is no argument against Matthias, for neither did eight of the other apostles write letters or books of the Bible, such as Andrew; James (the letter of James was written by Jesusï¿½ half-brother, not the apostle. ï¿½ Acts 12:1,2); Philip; Bartholomew; Thomas; James the son of Alphaeus; Simon the zealous one; and Judas the son of James (the short letter "Jude" was penned by Jesusï¿½ half brother, the brother of the author of the letter "James". ï¿½ Matt. 13:55; John 7:5) It should be noted that Jesus chose the twelve apostles early in his ministry from among the disciples who were already closely associated with him. After spending a whole night in prayer, ï¿½he called his disciples to him and chose from among them twelve, whom he also named apostles.ï¿½ (Luke 6:12,13) This would also be true of the apostle who would be chosen to replace Judas Iscariot. He needed to have been a disciple ï¿½during all the time in which the Lord Jesus went in and out among us, starting with his baptism by John and until the day he was received up from us.ï¿½ (Acts 1:2, 20-22) There were at least two disciples who met the criterion, but of course only one could be chosen. The lot fell on Matthias! Who are we to say that Jehovah did not accept, or even have a hand in making his choice known in this manner. (Prov. 16:33; compare Joshua 7:14-20; 14:1,2) It was Matthias who henceforth ï¿½was reckoned among the twelveï¿½ and received the outpouring of the holy spirit at Pentecost. (Acts 2:14) Saul, who became known as the apostle Paul, does not meet the qualifications to be counted among the twelve. He was not even a disciple when the resurrected Jesus appeared to him while he was on his way to Damascus to take into custody the disciples that had fled there on account of the persecution. Paul became a chosen vessel, an apostle to the nations, "sent forth" to declare the good news to them, for that is the meaning of the word "apostle." (Rom. 1:1; 11:13; 1 Cor. 9:1,2; 1 Tim. 2:7) Our word ï¿½apostleï¿½ comes from the Greek a‧po′sto‧los, and is derived from the common verb a‧po‧stel′lo, meaning simply ï¿½send forth (or off).ï¿½ (it-1 p. 127 Apostle) The apostle Matthew tells us that Jesus selected the twelve apostles ï¿½that they might continue with him and that he might send them out [a‧po‧stel′lei] to preach and to have authority to expel the demons.ï¿½ (Mark 3:14,15; Matt. 10:5-7) The twelve were closely associated with Jesus from the beginning of his ministry, accompanying him on his preaching tours, and were taught by Jesus personally in order to carry on the work after he was taken from them. From the start they were important "living stones" in the foundation of God's temple, his people. (Eph. 2:19,20; 1 Peter 2:5) That the twelve apostles have a special position within God's temple there can be no doubt. (Rev. 21:14) But in the Scriptures  o


What was the site of Jesus’ ascension into heaven 40 days after the resurrection?

Why Is the Ascension of Jesus Important for You Today? Updated October 19, 2016. Scripture Reference The ascension of Jesus Christ into heaven is recorded in Mark 16:19-20, Luke 24:36-53, Acts 1:6-12, and 1 Timothy 3:16. Ascension of Jesus - Story Summary In God's plan of salvation , Jesus Christ had been crucified for the sins of mankind, died, and rose from the dead. Following his resurrection , he appeared many times to his disciples. Forty days after his resurrection, Jesus called his 11 apostles together on the Mount of Olives, outside Jerusalem. Still not completely understanding that Christ's messianic mission had been spiritual and not political, the disciples asked Jesus if he was going to restore the kingdom to Israel. They were frustrated with Roman oppression and may have envisioned an overthrow of Rome. Jesus answered them: "It is not for you to know the times or dates the Father has set by his own authority. But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you; and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth." (Acts 1:7-8, NIV ) Then Jesus was taken up, and a cloud hid him from their sight. As the disciples were watching him ascend, two angels dressed in white robes stood beside them and asked why they were looking into the sky. The angels said: "This same Jesus, who has been taken from you into heaven, will come back in the same way you have seen him go into heaven." (Acts 1:11, NIV) At that, the disciples walked back to Jerusalem to the upstairs room where they had been staying and held a prayer meeting. Points of Interest from the Ascension of Jesus Bible Story In the Bible, a cloud is often the expression of God's power and glory, as in the book of Exodus , when a pillar of cloud guided the Jews in the desert. Earlier, Jesus had told the disciples that after he ascended, the Holy Spirit would come down upon them with power. At Pentecost , they received the Holy Spirit like tongues of fire. Today, every born-again believer is indwelt by the Holy Spirit, who gives wisdom and power to live the Christian life . The command of Jesus to his followers was to be his witnesses in Jerusalem, Judea, Samaria, and the ends of the earth. The gospel first spread to the Jews, then to the Jewish/mixed race Samaritans , then to the Gentiles. Christians have a responsibility to spread the good news about Jesus to all who have not heard. Jesus' mission on earth had been accomplished. He returned to heaven, where he had come from. He took on a human body and will forever remain both God and man in his glorified state. The angels warned that someday Jesus will return in his glorified body, the same way he left. But instead of idly watching for the Second Coming , we should be busy with the work Christ assigned us. The ascension of Jesus is one of the accepted doctrines of Christianity. The Apostles' Creed , Nicene Creed , and Athanasian Creed all confess that Christ ascended into heaven and sits at the right hand of God the Father . Question for Reflection It is an awesome truth to realize that God himself, in the form of the Holy Spirit, lives inside me as a believer. Am I taking full advantage of this gift to learn more about Jesus and to live a God-pleasing life?


What is Coronation Street’s local newspaper?

News | Coronation Street | ITV Coronation Street The Voice UK visits Coronation Street 0:01 - 13 Jan 2017 We invited our new neighbours will.i.am, Jennifer Hudson, Sir Tom Jones and Gavin Rossdale from The Voice UK over for a cheeky hotpot in the Rovers with Beverley Callard! Beverley Callard said: “It was such an honour showing the coaches round the Rovers, my late mum was the biggest Tom Jones fan of all time and my Grandchildren are huge fans of Will. "My mum would have been so thrilled to know he was behind the bar with me and I was a very cool grandma when I took home my photos of me showing Will how to pull a pint," continued Beverley. "Will even said he’d like to film a pop video in our pub!" Jennifer was so glam and gorgeous, Liz would love to have her work behind the bar, – Beverley Callard "Gavin told me he grew up in a pub so he was a natural when it came to how everything worked. And can you imagine Karaoke nights in the Rovers if these guys worked for Liz!” Don't miss The Voice UK, Saturday 8pm on ITV and keep an eye out on Coronation Street's socials over the weekend for more from the Coaches' surprise visit! National Television Awards 15:14 - 3 Jan 2017 The votes are in, the viewers have spoken and Britain’s best-loved programmes and performers are lined up on the shortlist for the 22nd National Television Awards! Coronation Street is nominated in the Serial Drama category, watch the montage above to remind yourself of all the great moments! But that's not Coronation Street's only nomination... Serial Drama Performance Jack P Shepherd has been nominated for his portrayal of David Platt - VOTE NOW Newcomer New kid on the block, Faye Brookes has been nominated for her turn as Kate Connor - VOTE NOW All new votes will be added to those cast in the first round and the results will be revealed, live, at the NTA ceremony on 25th January 2017 on ITV. Heartbreak for Michelle and Steve 0:01 - 31 Dec 2016 Coronation Street is to tackle the difficult subject of late miscarriage when Michelle Connor loses her baby at 23 weeks. Actress Kym Marsh has taken the brave decision to be involved in the storyline just a few years after she lost her son Archie at a similar stage of pregnancy. Kym and producer Kate Oates discussed the storyline early in 2016 and Kym felt, that as it was a subject so close to her heart, she wanted to help raise awareness of the issues surrounding late miscarriage. The programme has worked closely with Stillbirth and Neonatal death charity Sands on the episode which will air on ITV week beginning January 9th 2017. In the coming weeks viewers will see Michelle and Steve struggle to come to terms with the loss of their beloved baby boy Ruairi (pronounced Rory) after she goes into early labour. The heartbreaking scenes explore how the death affects both the mother and father and also the extended family. Kym Marsh said: “I thought long and hard before agreeing to take on the challenge of this storyline. It is obviously a cause very close to my heart having lost my beautiful Archie at 21 weeks and 5 days. I discussed it with my family and friends, all of who were very supportive. “In the end I felt it was an important story to tell in order to raise awareness of something which affects thousands of women every year. “I have had to go to some very dark places in my mind whilst filming these heartbreaking scenes but my family, friends and colleagues have been incredible. Losing a child is something that never leaves you so to revisit those feelings as Michelle has been challenging. “Coronation Street ensured that I had a counsellor on set at all times to go to after filming the scenes but for me the best tonic after a hugely emotional day was to go home to my kids and be reminded of how lucky I am to have them. “I am very proud of what we have done with this storyline and I hope it helps raise awareness and helps people to talk about their own experiences.” Coronation Street producer Kate Oates said: ”The subject of miscarriage will always be sensitive; but telling this story with Simon and Kym at the


Madrid’s new river | Iberosphere | Spain News and Portugal News - Information and Analysis By James Blick Unlike the great rivers of Europe – the Rhine, the Danube or the Seine, so often evoked in art and so historically significant as trade routes or the frontiers of empire, Madrid’s Manzanares is more likely to induce a shrug. Or, as is tradition amongst Madrilenians, a one-liner. In parts completely dry during summer, in other parts a series of large puddles, it’s often not much more than a riverbed with a stream running through it. Or, as one Spanish writer suggested, a trail of saliva. Madrid's Manzanares: Not so much a river as a riverbed with a stream running through it. Photo: James Blick. Descending from the Sierra de Guadarrama to the north of the city before – 87 kilometres later – giving up the ghost and dumping into the River Jarama to the south, it skirts Madrid’s western edge as if ashamed and trying to slink through town without being noticed. It succeeds. Dumas once quipped that he’d wanted to visit the Manzanares while in Madrid, but couldn’t find it. And in the 1970s, the M-30, Madrid’s inner ring motorway, was built alongside its banks. For the modern traveller even if you could find the river, it was so traffic-clogged there wasn’t much point. But perhaps the best, and in light of recent events, most prophetic Manzanares wisecrack was one made in the latter half of the sixteenth century. Lope de Vega, Spain’s famous Golden Age playwright, was asked for his opinion on the impressive Segovia bridge that had recently been constructed over the modest waters. The playwright replied the city had two options: sell the bridge or buy a river. Four centuries later Madrid has finally settled on the latter. In an astounding feat of urban renewal that’s taken eight years, occasioned a budget blow-out and demanded a healthy right-wing disregard for environmental legislation, the sections of the M-30 that flanked the river have been interred – cars now pass through 43 kilometres of underground tunnels – and the banks of the Manzanares have been reclaimed and revamped as an enormous greenbelt. Just finished in time for summer and running eight kilometres in length, it includes 33,000 and 460,000 planted trees and bushes, respectively, football pitches, fountains, playgrounds, baroque-style gardens, new bridges, restored old bridges, cafes, a BMX track, climbing walls, a concert area big enough for 20,000, an orchard and, even, a beach. Gallardón’s glory project An unlikely venture for the bankrupt capital of a country gone belly-up, it’s a glory project for Madrid’s conservative Mayor Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón. He calls the overhauled Manzanares a “reference point for the new Madrid”. Dubbed by his detractors as ‘the Pharaoh’ for his long list of uber-legacy projects, he believes the rejigged river will extend the cultural heart of Madrid – traditionally focussed around the tourist-soaked Puerta del Sol and Paseo del Prado – all the way to the Manzanares. One late spring afternoon I followed the freshly laid paths as they wove through the undulating parklands. The recently planted adult trees were delicate and thin, having not yet fully taken root. And the calm sounds of passing bicycles and nearby fountains bellied the chaotic tangle of pipes, electrics and vents that lay just below the surface. Some trees have only a metre and a half of substrata before the guts of Europe’s longest urban motorway tunnels begin. The hot sun, kicking up a spicy aroma of bark chips and fertiliser, had drawn curious Madrilenians to the new park for their afternoon paseo. Joggers – a rare species in Madrid – had converged, as had the elderly. Old women walked in threes, arm in arm, talking over each other about food and their health while old men, wearing cardigans despite the heat, sat silently on benches and stared. But I wasn’t aware of the river. The Manzanares was canalised in the 1950s and the water sits so low within the canal’s high stone walls that it’s often only visible when standing on a bridge and looking down. In places I


Ray Parker Jnr sang the theme song to which famous 1984 movie?

Original GhostBusters Theme Song - YouTube Original GhostBusters Theme Song Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Aug 5, 2008 please check out: http;//youtube.com/prestigeteam


In which capital city is the stadium nicknamed ‘The Birds Nest’?

Beijing Olympics: The Bird's Nest stadium - Telegraph Advertisement Beijing Olympics: The Bird's Nest stadium 35,000 fireworks will be launched from 1,800 sites around the city for the opening ceremony Photo: GETTY IMAGES By Gordon Rayner, Chief Reporter 8:15PM BST 07 Aug 2008 The mythology: The spectacular Bird's Nest stadium, hailed as the finest arena in the world and the centrepiece of the most expensive Olympics in history, is full of hidden symbolism. In Chinese mythology, the sun is represented by a circle and the moon by a square, reflected by the shape of the bird's nest and the Water Cube aquatic centre opposite, reinforced when the venues are lit at night, red for the Bird's Nest and blue for the Water Cube. The shapes also echo the Chinese symbols for male and female, and are built either side of the north-south axis road which runs in a perfect straight line for three miles through Beijing, centred on the Forbidden City. The design: China holds its breath for opening ceremony 07 Aug 2008 Designed by Swiss architects Herzog & de Meuron, the stadium has a revolutionary design, which was chosen at the end of a six month long international competition. Itcomprises an outer skeleton of 42,000 tons of steel, making it three times as heavy as the proposed London 2012 stadium, and an inner 'skin' of double-layered plastic which keeps out wind and rain and filters out UVA light. It is designed to last for 100 years and withstand a force eight magnitude earthquake. Architectural critics have said the National Stadium, to use its official name, sets standards of construction which may not be surpassed for decades. Until they designed the Bird's Nest, Herzog & de Meuron were best known for converting London's Bankside power station into Tate Modern and for designing the tyre-shaped Allianz Arena in Munich for the 2006 World Cup. The cost and the controversy: The £250 million arena represents just a fraction of the £20 billion spent on venues and infrastructure in the run-up to the Games – more than double the budget for London 2012. However, the stadium has been dogged by controversy, as 6,000 homes were demolished to make way for it and there were claims that 10 people died in accidents during the four years it has taken to build, though the Chinese government said there were two deaths. Construction was also halted following the collapse of a terminal building at Paris's Charles de Gaulle airport, which shared some architectural elements, and the design was altered. The facilities: The 91,000-seater venue has a four-star hotel with 80 rooms under one of its sides, a gourmet restaurant with views of the athletics track, and a twin-level underground shopping centre. Its architects also claim it is one of the most environmentally-friendly stadiums in the world, as undersoil geothermal pipes help heat indoor parts of stadium in winter and rainwater is collected and stored in underground cisterns for irrigation and to flush lavatories. TV coverage of the opening ceremony: Coverage on BBC One 12.45 to 4.45pm, highlights at 7pm


Which palindrome means a principle of belief?

Principle | Define Principle at Dictionary.com principle [prin-suh-puh l] /ˈprɪn sə pəl/ Spell an accepted or professed rule of action or conduct: a person of good moral principles. 2. a fundamental, primary, or general law or truth from which others are derived: the principles of modern physics. 3. a fundamental doctrine or tenet; a distinctive ruling opinion: the principles of the Stoics. 4. principles, a personal or specific basis of conduct or management: to adhere to one's principles; a kindergarten run on modern principles. 5. guiding sense of the requirements and obligations of right conduct: a person of principle. an adopted rule or method for application in action: a working principle for general use. 7. a rule or law exemplified in natural phenomena, the construction or operation of a machine, the working of a system, or the like: the principle of capillary attraction. 8. the method of formation, operation, or procedure exhibited in a given case: a community organized on the patriarchal principle. 9. a determining characteristic of something; essential quality. 10. an originating or actuating agency or force: growth is the principle of life. 11. an actuating agency in the mind or character, as an instinct, faculty, or natural tendency: the principles of human behavior. 12. Chemistry. a constituent of a substance, especially one giving to it some distinctive quality or effect. 13. in principle, in essence or substance; fundamentally: to accept a plan in principle. 15. according to personal rules for right conduct; as a matter of moral principle: He refused on principle to agree to the terms of the treaty. according to a fixed rule, method, or practice: He drank hot milk every night on principle. Origin of principle Latin 1350-1400 1350-1400; Middle English, alteration of Middle French principe or Latin prīncipium, on the analogy of manciple . See principium Can be confused principal , principle (see usage note at principal ; see synonym study at the current entry) Synonyms See more synonyms on Thesaurus.com 1–3. Principle, canon, rule imply something established as a standard or test, for measuring, regulating, or guiding conduct or practice. A principle is a general and fundamental truth that may be used in deciding conduct or choice: to adhere to principle. Canon, originally referring to an edict of the Church (a meaning that it still retains), is used of any principle, law, or critical standard that is officially approved, particularly in aesthetics and scholarship: canons of literary criticism. A rule, usually something adopted or enacted, is often the specific application of a principle: the golden rule. 2. theorem, axiom, postulate, proposition. 5. integrity, probity, rectitude, honor. Usage note Examples from the Web for principle Expand Contemporary Examples Zealous populist patriots might pal around on principle, but banding together effectively is another matter. Stanford Stories Charles K. Field Restoration of true Religion and Government on their first principle, v.285. British Dictionary definitions for principle Expand a standard or rule of personal conduct: a man of principle 2. (often pl) a set of such moral rules: he'd stoop to anything, he has no principles 3. adherence to such a moral code; morality: it's not the money but the principle of the thing, torn between principle and expediency 4. a fundamental or general truth or law: first principles 5. the essence of something: the male principle 6. a source or fundamental cause; origin: principle of life 7. a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the behaviour of a system: the principle of the conservation of mass 8. an underlying or guiding theory or belief: the hereditary principle, socialist principles 9. (chem) a constituent of a substance that gives the substance its characteristics and behaviour: bitter principle 10. in principle, in theory or essence 11. on principle, because of or in demonstration of a principle Usage note Principle and principal are often confused: the principal (not principle) reason for his departure; the plan


On which US state’s flag can the Union Jack be seen?

It's official: We can call our flag the Union Jack | Express Comment | Comment | Daily Express EXPRESS COMMENT It's official: We can call our flag the Union Jack IF I HAD a flagpole in my garden I know what I would be doing this morning: running up the Union Jack in celebration of a famous defeat against the collected forces of pedantry. 05:31, Tue, Oct 15, 2013 Unflagging: Children demonstrate their patriotism with the national flag [ALAMY] The chief vexillologist of the Flag Institute, who is just about the highest authority you can find in the flag world, has declared that, yes, we can after all call our national flag the Union Jack. In other words we can ignore know-all letter-writers who can always be relied upon to go into action every time the term "Union Jack" is broadcast or used in print. Don't you realise, they say, that the term "Jack" should only ever be used at sea and that on dry land it should always be the Union flag? Well it seems not. Graham Bartram, who undertook research for the Flag Institute, has concluded that the terms Union Jack and Union flag have always been acceptable alternatives whether you are steaming out of Portsmouth on a frigate or hoisting it on the Houses of Parliament. One of the important pieces of evidence is a 1902 Admiralty circular which declared the terms to be interchangeable: it made no difference whether you called it the Union Jack or the Union flag. As for the theory that a Union Jack is only a Union Jack when flown at sea that is also faulty. It derives from the longest ablished use of the term "jack" for the bow flag of a ship. Yet Buckingham Palace is unconvinced that this is how the flag got its name. Palace historians believe that the jack in the Union Jack may be a reference to King James I, who established the flag in a royal decree in 1606. So there. Finally it seems we have managed to reclaim the Union Jack from decades of pedantry and political correctness. It wasn't so long ago that flying it was frowned upon because of its adoption by the far-Right. Now the familiar emblem can be seen reproduced on cushions and duvets in fashionable stores. A stylised version of it appeared on the vests of our Olympic athletes. It appears more and more on public buildings and flutters from growing numbers of private properties too. But don't think we have heard the last from the pedants yet. They might - not entirely unreasonably - point out that the Union Jack did not begin as a national flag but as a royal one. Its existence predates Great Britain by 101 years and the United Kingdom by 195 years. Reclaimed from decades of pedantry James I - or James VI as he was known in Scotland - created the Union Jack in order to have an emblem for his personal royal domain. Yet England and Scotland remained separate countries until the Act of Union in 1707. It was as if the Queen now used a personal flag to recognise that she is head of state of Canada, Australia, New Zealand and other independent countries which began as British colonies. Although James I was king of Ireland as well as England and Scotland the original Union Jack did not incorporate the cross of St Patrick. That was only added in a royal proclamation in 1801 following the Act of Union which created the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. There was a campaign to remove the cross of St Patrick following Irish independence in 1921 but it was saved by the fact that the six counties of Northern Ireland remained part of the UK. Curiously you can still see the original Union Jack - minus the cross of St Patrick - flying on the headquarters of the Northern Lighthouse Board in Edinburgh. The organisation never saw any reason to change it after 1801. The charm of the Union Jack is that like the United Kingdom itself it represents a blend of nationalities. It is, to use the language of government campaigns, a symbol of inclusivity. As well as being incorporated into the flags of many former British colonies it also appears in the flag of Hawaii - remarkable because Hawaii was never part of the British empire, being an ind


Which steak is cut from between the ribs?

Cook's Thesaurus: Beef Rib Cuts home > meats > beef > rib cuts Beef Rib Cuts Meat from the rib section tends to be tender and well     marbled with the fat that makes steaks and roasts juicy and     flavorful.  Rib steaks and roasts are sometimes called "prime     rib" even when the meat isn't good enough to be graded "prime" by the USDA.  It's best not to marinate rib     cuts. Cuts: back ribs = rib  bones = barbecue beef ribs = Texas ribs    Notes:   These  aren't very meaty, but the ribs are long and fun to eat.   They come in slabs containing several ribs.  Grill the whole slab, then  cut them into individual ribs when you serve them.  Allow 1/2 to 1 pound  per person.  Substitutes:  pork spareribs rib-eye roast = Delmonico roast.  Notes:   The juicy rib-eye comes from the same muscle that gives us those exquisite top loin and top sirloin cuts.  This cut can be roasted to make a boneless version of a  rib roast, or cut into individual steaks, called rib-eye steaks.  Rib-eye  roasts are very tender, well marbled with fat, and fairly expensive.  Substitutes:  tenderloin  roast OR rib roast   rib-eye steak = Delmonico steak = Spencer steak = market steak = fillet steak = beauty steak  Notes:  Rib-eye steaks are very tender, well marbled with fat, and fairly expensive.  They're usually boneless, but you can sometimes find bone-in rib-eye steaks.  Note that club steaks are also sometimes called Delmonico steaks.  Substitutes:  club steak OR Porterhouse steak OR T-bone steak OR strip steak   rib roast    Notes:   The entire rib section includes seven ribs, but it's usually cut into smaller chunks.  Each rib will feed about two people, so if you're feeding, say, six people, you should get a three-rib roast.  You can buy this cut as a standing rib roast, with the bones left in, or as a rolled rib roast, which is boned, then rolled and tied.  The nice thing about a standing rib roast is that it can stand by itself in the oven pan without a rack, plus the bones provide added flavor.  A large end rib roast  is cut from the part of the rib section nearest the chuck, so the steaks are bigger but tougher.  The small end rib roast = sirloin tip roast includes the ribs next to the choice loin section, so the meat's more tender and lean.  If the short ribs are lopped off of a rib roast, you get a half standing rib roast.   A steak cut from a rib  roast is called a rib steak.   Substitutes:   rib eye roast (similar, but boneless) OR veal rib roast (much less fat) OR top loin roast OR whole tenderloin (more tender and more expensive)  rib steak = entrecote  Notes:  Rib steaks are cut  from rib roast, and shouldn't be confused with rib-eye steaks, which have less  fat and bone.  Rib steaks are sometimes called club steaks, though that name is  usually reserved for a different cut from the loin.  Substitutes:   club steak OR rib-eye steak


What did Sherlock Holmes keep in the toe of a Persian slipper?

ThePipeRoom.com - Sherlock's Reserve - Tobacco Reviews Medium Pleasant to Tolerable Would Mr. Holmes like this if he tried it? I think so. It's obvious from Conan Doyle's writings that the detective would have smoked Orientals or Virginias, definitely not the aromatic of the Peterson variety bearing Mr. Holmes' name. Quite frankly I was pleasantly surprised when I tried my first bowl of this blend. I was a bit apprehensive, Sherlock is quite a name to live up to, but Sherlock's Reserve does this quite well. This is quite good for a mild English tobacco and I didn't have to dry out my bag at all. Fairly nice smell, but not a "wife pleaser" I'd say. Latakia and Virginia very apparent in the flavor, the casing is slight, perhaps an alcohol which is fine by me and nothing to detract from the essential "tobacconess" of the taste. For English smokers this might be a good all day smoke, for aromatic smokers this could be a Lat to get your "feet wet" on without being blown away. I think I'll be buying it again when I use mine up, and that won't be too long in coming. Why I don't give it a perfect four stars? I'm still searching for that perfect tobacco, I might be inclined to upgrade my rating in the future. Nobody has rated this review yet. Reviewed By Medium to Full Pleasant It has a rich flavor and unlike the blend called Sherlock Holmes, I think Sherlock might of liked this one. Nice rich tobacco flavor with some depth. This is a English style blend with little or no casing except a vaguely unknown alcohol scent. I will have to make the drive to buy this again. The latakia really was at just the right strength. I think there might be some other things in here besides the virginia but not enough to made the smoke into a mess. It was a very moist blend at first but dried to a perfect level after awhile, which supported my alcohol topping theory. I give it four stars for being a good smoke for the folks who like a real tobacco taste. Nobody has rated this review yet. Reviewed By Mild to Medium Pleasant This "London Mix" is obviously English in style, but has enough Latakia to give it a kick. Might be a sprinkling of Perique in here, but it's hard to tell. There is this agreeably pungent attitude to the overall experience that has an old "oak barrel aged" Scotch Whiskey reference, but is so subtle, it's hard to say if it's a Perique spicy touch, or an alcohol topping, or both. I was told that the smoke left the room pleasant enough, but without any dramatic characteristic, except it's deeper than a straight English blend, has a good old-fashioned rich tobacco aftersmell. To me, the taste was "meaty" and satisfying and you'll be encouraged to smoke it fuller for more flavor, but that will lead to a bite from the Virginia, so work the bellows with caution. You'll also get a nicotine hit if you're working it too much. I didn't find it over moist, but would be obviously improved with some judicious drying. I did find the last clump at the bottom didn't stay lit near as well as the rest of the bowl, and there was a bit of goop I found upon cleaning. All in all, I'd say this could be someone's everyday smoke, or one you'll feel is good for any occasion, but the particular flavor might not be for everyone. Sherlock's Reserve might be taken better in small doses, than a real sit down where you'll reduce a bowl all at once. (The Website's description is a bit misleading, for you Sherlockians out there know that Holmes keep his dregs and dottle from the previous day in his Persion slipper for the purpose of smoking that the next morning and was probably the nastiest baccy in London...) Nobody has rated this review yet.


What is the title of the French National Anthem?

La Marseillaise Lyrics in French and English By Laura K. Lawless Updated August 30, 2016. La Marseillaise is the French national anthem and it has a long history that speaks to the history of France itself. In both French and English, the song is a powerful and patriotic anthem that is known throughout the world. If you are studying the French language, learning the words to La Marseillaise is definitely recommended. In this lesson, you will see a side-by-side translation from French to English that will help you understand its meaning and why it is so important to the people of France. The Lyrics for La Marseillaise (L'Hymne national français) La Marseillaise was composed by Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle in 1792 and was first declared the French national anthem in 1795. There is much more to the song's story, which you can find below. First, however, let's learn how to sing La Marseillaise and understand the English translation of the lyrics. Rouget de Lisle originally wrote the first six verses. The seventh was added sometime later in 1792, according to the French government, though no one knows whom to credit for the last verse. It is typical that the refrain is repeated after each stanza. At public French performances today, including sporting events, you will often find that only the first verse and the refrain are sung. On occasion, the first, sixth, and seventh verses are sung. Again, the refrain is repeated between each. French We will enter the pit When our elders are no longer there; There, we will find their dust And the traces of their virtues. (repeat) Much less eager to outlive them Than to share their casket, We will have the sublime pride Of avenging them or following them! The History of La Marseillaise On April 24, 1792, Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle was a captain of engineers stationed in Strasbourg near the Rhine River. The mayor of the town called for an anthem just days after the French declared war on Austria. The story says that the amateur musician penned the song in a single night, giving it the title of “Chant de guerre de l’armée du Rhin” (“Battle Hymn of the Army of the Rhine”).  Rouget de Lisle's new song was an instant hit with the French troops as they marched. It soon took on the name La Marseillaise because it was particularly popular with volunteer units from Marseille. On July 14, 1795, the French declared La Marseillaise the national song. As you may have noted in the lyrics, La Marseillaise has a very revolutionary tone. It is said that Rouget de Lisle himself supported the monarchy, but the spirit of the song was quickly picked up by revolutionaries. The controversy did not stop in the eighteenth century, but has lasted over the years and the lyrics remain the subject of debate today. Napoleon banned La Marseillaise under the Empire (1804-1815). It was also banned in 1815 by King Louis XVIII. La Marseillaise was reinstated in 1830. Again, the song was banned during the rule of Napoleon III (1852-1870). La Marseillaise was once again reinstated in 1879. In 1887 an "official version" was adopted by France's Ministry of War. After the liberation of France during World War II, the Ministry of Education encouraged school children to sing La Marseillaise to "celebrate our liberation and our martyrs." La Marseillaise was declared the official national anthem in Article 2 of the 1946 and 1958 constitutions. La Marseillaise is widely popular and it is not uncommon for the song to make an appearance in popular songs and movies. Most famously, it was used in part by Tchaikovsky in his "1812 Overture" (debuted in 1882). The song also formed an emotional and unforgettable scene in the 1942 classic film, "Casablanca." Source:


Not Waving But Drowning (2012) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Not Waving But Drowning ( 2012 ) 1h 40min Watch Now From $1.99 (SD) on Amazon Video Leaving small town life in her dust, Adele(Vanessa Ray) moves wide eyed to New York City, and her best friend Sara(Megan Guinan) stuck in their hometown. Separate for the first time in ... See full summary  » Director: Famous Directors: From Sundance to Prominence From Christopher Nolan to Quentin Tarantino and every Coen brother in between, many of today's most popular directors got their start at the Sundance Film Festival . Here's a list of some of the biggest names to go from Sundance to Hollywood prominence. a list of 40 titles created 13 Apr 2013 a list of 48 titles created 21 Sep 2015 a list of 35 titles created 11 months ago a list of 22 titles created 10 months ago a list of 502 titles created 8 months ago Title: Not Waving But Drowning (2012) 6.3/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. 1 win & 1 nomination. See more awards  » Videos The relationship of a couple who meet by chance in New York City is put to the test when they encounter a life or death circumstance. Director: Saverio Costanzo Jenn (straight) and Matt (gay) are best friends from college who are now in their thirties. Single by choice, they decide to fulfill a youthful promise to have a child together... the old fashioned way. Director: Jonathan Lisecki In the frozen woods of an isolated Maine logging town, one woman's tragic mistake shatters the balance of the community, resulting in profound and unexpected consequences. Weaving together ... See full summary  » Director: Lance Edmands On a sweltering hot day, a very pregnant Maria, desperate for a cooling swim, encounters obstacles on her path to the river. Director: Sam Handel A middle-aged couple's career and marriage are overturned when a disarming young couple enters their lives. Director: Noah Baumbach When their father passes away, four grown siblings are forced to return to their childhood home and live under the same roof together for a week, along with their over-sharing mother and an assortment of spouses, exes and might-have-beens. Director: Shawn Levy A young woman goes on a 1,700-mile trek across the deserts of West Australia with four camels and her faithful dog. Director: John Curran A young insomniac's black-market sleep aid sends his mind time-travelling one day into the future, where he's the suspect in the disappearance of a girl he hasn't met -- yet. Director: Bruce Wemple The Wonderful Maladys (TV Movie 2010) Comedy | Drama Set in Gotham, the story revolves around the dysfunctional lives of three adult siblings who lost their parents at a young age. Director: Alan Taylor There is a memory shared by thousands, of a shadow that wrapped around the earth as the sun went dark. And then came the light, from everywhere, all at once, and the dreams of an extinct ... See full summary  » Director: James Lawler Four families and a chief of police recount the day marine casualty officers came to their respective small towns in Ohio. Director: Michael Tisdale Edit Storyline Leaving small town life in her dust, Adele(Vanessa Ray) moves wide eyed to New York City, and her best friend Sara(Megan Guinan) stuck in their hometown. Separate for the first time in their lives, the film charts new relationships with boys, girls and eccentric old ladies (Adam Driver, Isabelle McNally, and Lynn Cohen). Beautiful music sequences capture fleeting emotions as their lives move in unexpected directions. "Not Waving But Drowning" is paired with "The Most Girl Part of You" a dark, but sweet short film. This piece stars newcomers Lili Reinhart and Ryan Munzert and is also directed by Devyn Waitt. "The Most Girl Part of You" is based on a short story of the same name by acclaimed


In bridge what jargon word is used for the condition of holding no trumps?

chicane - definition and meaning chicane from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition intransitive v. To resort to tricks or subterfuges; use chicanery. transitive v. To trick; deceive. n. Chicanery. n. Games  A bridge or whist hand without trumps. from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License n. A temporary barrier, or serpentine curve, on a vehicular path, especially one designed to reduce speed. n. Chicanery. v. To use chicanery, tricks or subterfuge. v. To deceive. from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English n. The use of artful subterfuge, designed to draw away attention from the merits of a case or question; -- specifically applied to legal proceedings; trickery; chicanery; caviling; sophistry. n. In bridge, the holding of a hand without trumps, or the hand itself. It counts as simple honors. intransitive v. To use shifts, cavils, or artifices. from The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia To use chicane; employ shifts, tricks, or artifices. To treat with chicane; deceive; cheat; bamboozle. n. The art of gaining an advantage by the use of evasive stratagems or petty or unfair tricks and artifices; trickery; sophistry; chicanery. n. A game similar to pall-mall, played on foot, in Languedoc and elsewhere, with a long-handled mallet and a ball of hard wood. It is played in an open field, like polo. n. A quibble: as, a chicane about words. n. In bridge whist, a hand which is void of trumps; it entitles the holder to score simple honors. When the hands of two partners are both void of trumps it is called double chicane. from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. v. raise trivial objections


Performing which move can a chess player move two pieces at the same time?

How to Play Chess: Rules and Basics - Chess.com Chess.com Forums Learn to Play Chess It's never too late to learn how to play chess - the most popular game in the world! If you are totally new to the game or even want to learn all of the rules and strategies, read on! Getting Better at Chess History of Chess The origins of chess are not exactly clear, though most believe it evolved from earlier chess-like games played in India almost two thousand years ago.The game of chess we know today has been around since the 15th century where it became popular in Europe. The Goal of Chess Chess is a game played between two opponents on opposite sides of a board containing 64 squares of alternating colors. Each player has 16 pieces: 1 king, 1 queen, 2 rooks, 2 bishops, 2 knights, and 8 pawns. The goal of the game is to checkmate the other king. Checkmate happens when the king is in a position to be captured (in check) and cannot escape from capture. Starting a Game At the beginning of the game the chessboard is laid out so that each player has the white (or light) color square in the bottom right-hand side. The chess pieces are then arranged the same way each time. The second row (or rank) is filled with pawns. The rooks go in the corners, then the knights next to them, followed by the bishops, and finally the queen, who always goes on her own matching color (white queen on white, black queen on black), and the king on the remaining square. The player with the white pieces always moves first. Therefore, players generally decide who will get to be white by chance or luck such as flipping a coin or having one player guess the color of the hidden pawn in the other player's hand. White then makes a move, followed by black, then white again, then black and so on until the end of the game. How the Pieces Move Each of the 6 different kinds of pieces moves differently. Pieces cannot move through other pieces (though the knight can jump over other pieces), and can never move onto a square with one of their own pieces. However, they can be moved to take the place of an opponent's piece which is then captured. Pieces are generally moved into positions where they can capture other pieces (by landing on their square and then replacing them), defend their own pieces in case of capture, or control important squares in the game. The King The king is the most important piece, but is one of the weakest. The king can only move one square in any direction - up, down, to the sides, and diagonally. Click on the '>' button in the diagram below to see how the king can move around the board. The king may never move himself into check (where he could be captured). The Queen The queen is the most powerful piece. She can move in any one straight direction - forward, backward, sideways, or diagonally - as far as possible as long as she does not move through any of her own pieces. And, like with all pieces, if the queen captures an opponent's piece her move is over. Click through the diagram below to see how the queens move. Notice how the white queen captures the black queen and then the black king is forced to move. The Rook The rook may move as far as it wants, but only forward, backward, and to the sides. The rooks are particularly powerful pieces when they are protecting each other and working together! The Bishop The bishop may move as far as it wants, but only diagonally. Each bishop starts on one color (light or dark) and must always stay on that color. Bishops work well together because they cover up each other’s weaknesses. The Knight Knights move in a very different way from the other pieces – going two squares in one direction, and then one more move at a 90 degree angle, just like the shape of an “L”. Knights are also the only pieces that can move over other pieces. The Pawn Pawns are unusual because they move and capture in different ways: they move forward, but capture diagonally. Pawns can only move forward one square at a time, except for their very first move where they can move forward two squares. Pawns can only capture one square diagonally


Which vertical take-off jet made its first flight in 1966?

Mirage III V: France's VTOL Attempt - Aircraft InFormation.info The end of the programme Early   VTOL history When   the Cold War was at its peak from the late 1950s to the early 1970s, military   technology was being developed at a fast and ever-increasing pace. New weapons   kept the two superpowers locked in a spiralling arms race, with each one developing   something new to outdo the other. The ICBM (Intercontinental Ballistic Missile)   was one of these new weapons that had a great impact on the design and operation   of Cold War weapons. It caused many aircraft, especially bombers and fighter-bombers,   to be cancelled as ICBMs were seen as quicker, cheaper, less vulnerable and   more effective than manned aircraft. Since   the 1950s aircraft had become bigger, heavier, faster and had come to depend   on large, fixed runways that were difficult to conceal. Governments, and especially   NATO, were worried that ICBMs, both nuclear and conventional, could easily   wipe out these conspicuously visible bases. The solution was thought to be   dispersed basing, which would require VTOL, or at least STOVL (Short Take-Off   and Vertical Landing) aircraft. NATO   was so keen to develop V/STOL aircraft that in 1960 they drew up 'NATO Basic   Military Requirement 3', which was designed to produce a V/STOL aircraft that   would enter service in 1964. But in March 1961 the requirement was changed   to a VTOL aircraft that could do Mach 2.2 at high altitude, Mach 1 at low   altitude and deliver nuclear weapons over a 460 km (285 mile) radius. The   British Hawker P.1154 and Mirage III V (pronounced ‘three-V’,   the V for VTOL) took part. The   Hawker P.1154 was to be powered by a four-exhaust-nozzle vectored thrust Bristol-Siddeley   BS 100 engine developing 15 000 kg (33 000 lb) of thrust with afterburning   (the afterburning taking place at the front two exhaust nozzles of the engine).   In April 1962 the P.1154 ‘won’ the contest, but the French refused   to accept the British aircraft. Because of this, and doubts over the feasibility   of workable VTOL aircraft, NATO decided not to choose between either aircraft   and the project subsequently lapsed, leaving nations to develop their own   VTOL aircraft. Even   before the NATO competition, a number of governments began designing V/STOL   aircraft. The British began work on the Hawker P.1127, which first flew in   October 1960 and soon led to the BAe (British Aerospace – now BAE Systems)   Harrier. The Americans tested a number of VTOL aircraft, including designs   like the Lockheed XV-4 Hummingbird and Ryan XV-6 Vertifan. Some success was   achieved with designs like the X-13 Vertijet and the Convair XFY-1 'Pogo',   which took off with their noses pointed into the air. However, landing difficulties   ensured they never went into production. The   Dutch and West Germans collaborated to produce the VFW-Fokker Vak 191B, which   was powered by two lift jets and a vectored/propulsive turbofan for vertical   and horizontal flight, in many ways similar to the Harrier. The first prototype   made its maiden flight in 1971, but was cancelled in the mid-1970s. The Soviets   achieved some success with their Yak-38 'Forger', which was powered by two   lift jets behind its cockpit and one vectored thrust turbojet used for vertical   and horizontal flight. Although less capable than the Harrier, it was only   the second VTOL aircraft to enter service, which it did in 1976. Top Early   French VTOL history The   French had made good progress with vectored thrust engines and, ironically,   it is to the French engineer Michel Wibault that the Harrier owes its engine.   Wibault filed the patent for a jet engine whose exhaust was directed through   two jet pipes which could be swivelled horizontally or vertically. As the   French government was not interested, Wibault sold the idea to the British   company Bristol, who bought the license for


Which year was renowned as ‘The Year of Revolutions’?

1848: The Year of Revolutions and unrest in Syria compared | History Extra BBC History Magazine - 5 issues for £5 Many had seen it coming. “I believe that right now we are sleeping on a volcano", warned a French politician, "can you not sense... that the earth is trembling....? Can you not feel... the wind of revolution in the air?” The British Prime Minister warned that the “oppressive and suffocating” regimes, faced an “explosion”. “Just as certainly as would a boiler that was hermetically sealed and deprived of an outlet for steam.” Across a continent, regimes relied not on consent but coercion. Absolutism, said one revolutionary, “dulls our nerves and paralyses our spirit.” Another writer noted that his government’s power rested simply on “a forest of bayonets”. In January the first crowds gathered to demand reform – barricades went up, and within hours the news was transmitted to millions. Like a virus, the unrest leapt from host to host. Encouraged by what they saw and heard, crowds turned out in cities thousands of miles apart to demand votes, jobs, constitutions and their human rights. Governments were caught utterly unaware, paralysed they watched helplessly as troops refused to fire on crowds. Ministers fell, kings fled. The year was 1848, and if you think 2011 has been turbulent, it has a long way to go before it matches the seismic events of 1848, the Year of Revolutions. I have just returned from Syria. While travelling there I read accounts of that tempestuous year, such as the excellent 1848 by Mike Rapport, while soaking up the revolutionary zeitgeist on the streets. It was as close as I will ever come to time travel: conversations I never imagined I would be part of, spoken in hushed tones over hookah pipes and sweet tea; interrogations with thuggish security officials; late night drinks in underground bohemian bars, where the talk is of ‘the uprising.’ The young people feel exactly as their forebears did 150 years ago; the system is hopelessly anachronistic, crushes creativity, and is being undone by new technologies and lifestyles. As with 1848, there is optimism, but also fear of religious, ethnic or nationalist forces unleashed. History is never more important than in a crisis. While people flap their arms or gape like surprised goldfish at the wave of unrest in the middle East and North Africa, historians recognise the tell tale signs and point to possible outcomes. They know that above all else, economic collapse breeds revolutions. The years 1848 and 2011 both followed poor harvests, a spike in food prices and an industrial recession. What we remember as the Irish Potato Famine was in fact a blight that struck the whole of Western Europe between 1845 and 1846. This was compounded by a devastatingly bad harvest in the latter year. It was impossible to meet the demand of a vastly increased population. They were known as the ‘hungry forties’. As people spent what they had on food, they had less to spend on consumer goods, leading to industrial slowdown and more unemployment. Around 10,000 workers were laid off in Vienna alone in 1847. In 2011 global grain and wheat yields are down thanks to poor harvests, which have pushed up prices. As has China’s ever growing demand, as the newly affluent seek a richer diet. Parts of the global economy are moribund. In North Africa the collapse in living standards has triggered protests against ineffective governments who their people blame for the mess. People may be destitute and angry, but they will struggle to cause trouble unless they are also connected. In 1848 there had been a massive increase in popular literacy in the previous few decades. In France and Austria more than half of the population could read – in parts of Germany it was as much as 80 per cent. Newspapers sprang up to slake this new demand. They carried news from across the world as steam ships and telegraphs brought unimaginable connectivity and information, sped from place to place with no respect for roadblocks, censors or city walls. In 1848 disruptive new technology caught anachronistic r


The original ‘Gang of Four’ was a political group in which country?

Gang of Four Trial For additional information about the trial and a Chinese language version of this account, see: http://zhenghaiping.fyfz.cn/   The Gang of Four (GoF) was the name given to a leftist political group composed of four Chinese Communist Party (CCP) members. They wielded significant power during China’s Cultural Revolution (1966-76) and were subsequently charged of various crimes. Their trial in late 1980 represented a significant change in China’s history since the founding of P.R.C. in 1949.                                       The Gang of Four at trial. From left to right: Zhang Chunqiao,Wang Hongwen, Yao Wenyuan, Jiangqing. (1980/11/20)   I. Background In 1966, Mao Zendong, the Chairman of the CCP, launched the Cultural Revolution, the proclaimed aim of which was to “root out and right-wing capitalist who infiltrated the party.” In the following ten years or so, millions of “Red Guards” (mostly young people) across the country were mobilized to destroy the “right-wing capitalists” --- mostly the intelligentsia and bureaucrats. While Mao was worshiped like a “living God,” almost all the high-level officials who disagreed with Mao were persecuted. During the Cultural Revolution, the GoF, representing the leftist political faction within the CCP, essentially became the central mobilizing force at the National level. The leading figure of the GoF was Jiangqing, Mao’s third and last wife, who became a member of the Politburo in 1969. Her three other associates were all high-level officials by 1976 ---- Zhang Chuanqiao was a vice-Primer Minister of the State Council, Wang Hongwen was vice-chairman of CCP, Yao Wenyuan was a Sectary of CCP in Shanghai. They also held many other positions in the Party, government and even military.  Immediately after Mao’s Death on December 9, 1976, a power struggle occurred between the “leftists” GoF and the “rightists”--- an alliance led by Deng Xiaoping and Marshall Ye Jianying. At that time, the nominal “head” of the country was Hua Guofeng, who was Mao’s designated successor. Although Hua was clearly faithful to Mao, it was unclear whether he would support the “leftist” or the “rightist.” Indeed, Mao chose Hua as his successor largely because Hua was a compromise candidate between the “leftists” and “rightists.” Upon Mao’s death, both sides attempted to convince or even coerce Hua to surrender power to them. The GoF were particularly aggressive. With effective control over the State’s media, the GoF continued to denounce Deng and his “rightist” ally.                  The top leaders of China standing before Mao's remains after Mao's death on Sep. 9, 1976. From left to right: Zhang Chunqiao, Wang Hongwen, Jiang Qing, Hua Guofeng, Mao Yuanxin, Yao Wenyuan, Chen Xillian, Wang Dongxing. (1976/9/12)   After almost three weeks’ struggle, Hua finally leaned toward the “rightist” side. He consented to Marshall Ye’s suggestion to arrest the GoF. However, they knew it was not an easy task. The GoF had certain control in military. Being aware the risk, Hua and Ye secretly worked out a detailed “kidnap” plan.   II. Arrest In the evening of October 6, 1976, each member of the GoF was informed to attend an emergency session of the Politburo. The session was to take place in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. As several important issues were to be discussed, all Politburo members were required to attend the session. Some time between 7:55 PM and 8:30 PM on that day, the members of GoF came to the Great Hall of People. One by one, they were apprehended by military personnel as soon as they passed through the doors into the entrance lobby. All was done in superb efficiency. Without any gunfire, the members of GoF and some of their associates were captured. They did not even have a chance to cry for “help.” In the same night, the GoF and their associates were transported to Qincheng prison, a maximum-security prison located in northwestern Beijing. Also in that night, the Hua group met with other Politburo members informed them that the GoF had been arrested. Soon, the public denuncia


Which famous building was burned down by British forces in 1812?

A Most Magnificent Ruin: The Burning of the Capitol during the War of 1812 | Architect of the Capitol | United States Capitol A Most Magnificent Ruin: The Burning of the Capitol during the War of 1812 August 22, 2012 | AOC Curator Office Around 8 p.m., on the evening of August 24, 1814, British troops under the command of Vice Admiral Sir Alexander Cockburn and Major General Robert Ross marched into Washington, D.C., after a victory over American forces at Bladensburg, Maryland, earlier in the day. The nation was in the midst of war. Word of the approaching forces sent most of the population fleeing, leaving the capital vulnerable. Meeting little to no resistance, British troops set fire to much of the city, in retaliation for the Americans' burning of the Canadian capital at York on April 27, 1813. Those who remained on the evening of August 24, 1814, were witness to a horrifying spectacle. The British torched major rooms in the Capitol, which then housed the Library of Congress, as well as the House, Senate and Supreme Court. The White House, the navy yard and several American warships were also burned; however, most private property was spared. At the time, the U.S. Capitol was still being constructed and consisted of only the north and south wings connected by a wooden walkway spanning the area intended for the center building. Damage to parts of the wings was severe, but the building was not completely destroyed. Fortunately, architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe had used fire-proof building materials, such as sheet iron, marble, sandstone, zinc and copper. His extensive use of masonry vaulting also proved to be practical as well as aesthetic. As a result, the exterior structure survived and many of the interior spaces remained intact. British Burn the Capitol, 1814, Allyn Cox, 1974, Corridor, House wing, First Floor. The British focused their destructive work on the principal rooms, foregoing the lobbies, halls and staircases, thus securing their escape route. In the south wing, soldiers ignited a giant bonfire of furniture slathered with gunpowder paste in the Hall of the House of Representatives (now National Statuary Hall ). The heat from the fire grew so intense that it melted the glass skylights and destroyed much of the carved stone in the room, including Guiseppe Franzoni's life-size marble statue of Liberty seated on a pedestal, located above the Speaker's rostrum. Downstairs, the Clerk's office was transformed into an inferno of burning documents and furniture; this fire produced a heat so great it forced the British to retreat from the south wing, leaving half of the rooms on the first floor unscathed. In the Supreme Court Chamber , on the first floor of the north wing, troops piled furniture from nearby rooms to create another great bonfire, severely damaging the Doric stone columns. Upstairs, a large room that then housed the Library of Congress' collection of over 3,000 books served as a ready stockpile of fuel. The space burned so fiercely that it endangered a portion of the exterior stone wall. From the library, winds spread the flames to the Senate Chamber, where the damage to the art and architecture was also severe. Upon seeing the flames of the Capitol from his temporary residence at the Octagon House, French minister Louis Sérurier remarked, "I have never beheld a spectacle more terrible and at the same time more magnificent." Today, to see the sandstone areas of the building that survived the fire, make your way to the Small House Rotunda on the second floor of the Capitol and look at Latrobe’s variation on the Corinthian columns adorned with water leaves , installed in 1807. Then, head across the Rotunda and down the stairs to the east vestibule on the first floor of the north wing, where the architect's "corn cob" columns still stand. It was through the original door of this domed vestibule that the British fled the burning building into the night. After members of Congress returned to the city and saw the damage, a number called for the movement of the federal government to Philadelphia or anothe


Trinidad sits only 6.8 miles from the coast of which South American country?

Guyana's Beaches | PanamericanWorld 63 Beach in Berbice, Guyana. Photo Credit: http://www.guyanatimesinternational.com/ Posted by Lynie Awywen on December 17, 2013 Guyana lies in far northeast South America. Its northern shore faces the Atlantic Ocean. The small country shares a border with Venezuela to the west and Suriname to the east. Brazil sits to the south. Guyana is the only South American country where English is the official language. The coastal belt stretches 270 miles along the ocean, and features a pristine beach and ecosystem. In addition, huge rivers flow from inland points to the Atlantic, and provide several beach options. The country lies in the tropics, enabling beach goers to enjoy warm weather activities all year. Shell Beach Guyana's well-known Shell Beach extends about 90 miles along undisturbed coastline in northwest Guyana. True to its name, the beach is covered with tiny shells. It is known for swimming, but more for turtle swimming, than for humans. Every year from early spring to mid-summer four of the world's eight turtle species climb up the beach, dig nests among the shells, lay eggs and then return to the ocean. Some turtles lay as many as 120 eggs. Visitors to the area may accompany conservationists to view the nocturnal turtle activity. The area features mangroves interspersed with sandy beaches. The natural ecosystem also supports manatees, jaguars and monkeys. Small villages provide accommodations. 63 Beach Berbice For more traditional beach activities, 63 Beach Berbice lies near Corriverton on the southeast Atlantic coast close to the Suriname border. The beach stretches for 10 miles, connecting several villages along the Corentyne River as it approaches the coast. The beach may be crowded, particularly on weekends. Beach activities include swimming, beach volleyball and fishing. Basic accommodation is available in Corriverton. New Amsterdam, about 60 miles from the beach, offers moderate accommodations. Inland Beaches Several rivers flow north from the rain forests to the ocean, and one entices beach goers. The enormous Essequibo River is South America's third largest. As it nears the Atlantic, the mouth widens to 20 miles, and hundreds of islands dot the river landscape. The river offers three beach options, one close to the ocean, and two further inland. Bartica Beach sits on the north side of the river near its mouth. The area attracts many locals, and beach parties last until dawn. Further south where the river narrows, Saxacalli Beach boasts one of the finest beaches in Guyana, and is an easy day trip from Georgetown, Guyana's capital. At Tiger Island's popular Hamburg Beach, more than 15,000 celebrate Guyana's Emancipation Day. The event occurs on the first Monday in August. Other Attractions Guyana is an eco-tourist's wonderland. Besides Shell Beach, several other areas attract visitors. The North Rupununi Wetland covers 54,000 acres, and is home to 400 species of fish. Untouched savannas support a wide variety of wildlife, including jaguars. Many tour operators offer tours to the area. River resorts provide fine amenities, some with private beaches. Gallery:


Barbados Facts on Largest Cities, Populations, Symbols - Worldatlas.com Ethnicity: black 93%, white 3.2%, mixed 2.6%, East Indian 1%, other 0.2% GDP total: $7.091 billion (2012 est) GDP per capita: $25,500 (2012 est) Language: English (official), Bajan Largest Cities: (by population) Bridgetown, Speightstown, Oistins Name: The Portuguese coined the name and (legend has it) that Barbados means "bearded one" after either the bearded Caribs that first populated the island, or the island's indigenous bearded fig trees. National Day: November 30 Religion: Protestant 63.4% (Anglican 28.3%, Pentecostal 18.7%, Methodist 5.1%, other 11.3%), Roman Catholic 4.2%, Christian 7%, other 4.8%, none or unspecified 20.6%


A Wayzgoose is an annual outing or party in which industry?

World Wide Words: Wayzgoose Wayzgoose Pronounced /ˈweɪzɡuːs/ The end of summer came early in old-time printing shops. By the third week in August candles were needed to light the final hours of the long working day. To mark this shift to winter working, it was usual for the master printer to give his journeymen a feast around St Bartholomew’s Day (24 August). This was the wayzgoose or way-goose. Its earliest recorded use is this: The Master Printer gives them a Way-goose; that is, he makes them a good Feast, and not only entertains them at his own House, but besides, gives them Money to spend at the Ale-house or Tavern at Night. ... These Way-gooses, are always kept about Bartholomew-tide. And till the Master-Printer have given this Way-goose, the Journey-men do not use to Work by Candle Light. Mechanick Exercises, by Joseph Moxon, 1683. A rather splendid ditty the following century retold the story behind the practice in rhyming couplets: The season comes to light the tapers up, To gild the night, and drink the festive cup; Now darkness treads upon the heels of day, And earlier now dispatches him away. ... We sacrific’d the goose, and mirth pursu’d; As that delicious bird about this time, Call’d for the knife, and was in season prime. ... The masters hence their journeymen invite, To dine abroad, or spend the merry night. Lloyd’s Evening Post, 1750, quoted in Notes and Queries, 4 August 1866. The name is baffling. In 1731, lexicographer Nathaniel Bailey argued, in the fifth edition of his Universal Etymological English Dictionary, that it came from wayz, meaning stubble, respelling the word wayzgoose to make the supposed derivation clearer. Though it continued to be spelled as way-goose by almost everybody except Bailey, nineteenth-century etymologists stuck the “z” in to make it fit Bailey’s story. A minor edifice of conjecture was built on his suggestion, which asserted that a goose fattened on harvest stubble was served as the crowning dish at the feast. A goose might indeed have been served, as the 1750 poem suggests, but there’s no known connection between the name and the fowl. The term evolved to mean the annual summer dinner or outing held for the printers in a publishing house or newspaper office. Once the old connection with wintertime working by candlelight had been lost through advances in lighting methods and reductions in working hours, the event was often held in July instead. It’s not a term that appears much in literature, though a satirical poem by Roy Campbell entitled The Wayzgoose was published in 1928 and a figurative example is known from a little earlier: Carriages were chartered, an enormous quantity of eatables and drinkables provided, and away we went, a regular wayzgoose or bean-feast party. The Cruise of the Cachalot, by Frank T Bullen, 1897. It seemed at one point that with changes in printing technology and practice the term would die out, but events under this name are still held, sometimes as a deliberate reintroduction. It also turns up from time to time as a gently whimsical term for some anthology or book-related festivity. Share this page


What is a Hen Party? (with pictures) What is a Hen Party? Last Modified Date: 14 December 2016 Copyright Protected: 10 most extreme places on Earth A hen party is a festive celebration held before a wedding, and attended by the bride and her female friends. These parties are basically the female equivalent of the male bachelor party or stag party. Known as "bachelorette parties" in the United States, and "stagette parties" in Canada, they are called "hen parties" or "hen nights" in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Australia. This type of party is usually planned by the brides’ closest friends, often the maid of honor or bridesmaids. The festivities can be held in a public place, such as a restaurant or bar, or may be held in a private home or rented room. The location often depends on the amount of exuberance expected of guests. Some celebrations can get quite wild, with frenzied dancing and inappropriate behavior. Alternately, a day of drinking champagne at a day spa would be considered a tame version. Unlike a bridal shower with young girls in attendance, the hen party is strictly for adult women. Bringing a gag gift is de rigueur, with lighthearted male-bashing a favorite theme. Gifts are meant to cause a bit of blushing and gales of laughter, if possible. Drinking of alcohol and freeform dancing may be encouraged as the party unfolds. The women will “let down their hair,” but generally watch out for one another to see that no one is ever in danger. Ad There is a wide range of options when it comes to planning the entertainment for a hen party. The general idea is to celebrate the last moments of single life and the new life that will unfold. Planners will be wise to listen carefully to the likes and dislikes of the bride, and let the nature of her personality set the tone for the festivities. An afternoon cocktail party with a few naughty games will suffice for some brides, while others prefer a wild night of dancing and slamming shots. On the other hand, some brides will completely shun the idea of a raucous night of drinking in favor of a spa day with the bridal party, including soothing massages, manicures and pedicures, and other lavish pampering. The word “hen” in the title is a reference to female chickens. In the U.S., the term is considered somewhat derogatory toward women, and the time of sexual equality, any gathering of women and girls might have been classified as a hen party. The parties held by today's women have nothing to do with the innocent quilting bees of old, except for female bonding. Ad fify Post 9 My hen party was in the UK, I had a party organizer take care of it for me. It wasn't very expensive and they came up with so many unique hen night ideas and activities we could do. I just picked what I like. They organized the whole event and even had free gifts for us. It's worth the trouble to plan yourself in my opinion. bear78 Post 8 @ysmina-- There are so many fun and naughty hen party games. They're relatively easy to come up with too, just use your imagination. Locale and food can be the major costs involved with a hen party. But many restaurants offer special fixed price menus for parties. You can even have the party at home if you want to save money. My sister-in-law did a house party for her hen do and we had a beautician come over and give us facials and makeovers. Then we played games, watched our favorite films, ate and drank. It was a lot of fun, we didn't get stressed out and it was also a sleep-over so no one had to worry about driving home. It was genuinely a great night. ysmina Post 7 What can I do for a hen night party on a budget? The attendees will all be adults so it can be a little on the naughty side. I certainly don't want to bore people. It can't be too crazy either though because I don't know some of the ladies who are invited. Please help! anon261634 Post 6 Naughty-shaped piñatas are a fun trend which takes "lighthearted male-bashing..." to a new level. Papier-mâché or cardboard moulds covered with brightly coloured paper, piñatas are typically filled with sweets and beat


In Scottish courts three verdicts are allowed – guilty, not guilty and which other?

BBC - Intermediate 2 Bitesize Modern Studies - The Court System in Scotland : Revision Next The Court System in Scotland Criminal Justice is a power devolved to the Scottish Parliament. However, Scotland has long had a unique court and criminal justice system which is very different to that within the rest of the UK. There are two types of criminal justice procedure in Scotland; Solemn procedure and Summary procedure. The choice of whether to prosecute a case under solemn or summary procedure is made by the prosecution service, known as the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service (COPFS). This affects the sentences available to the court on conviction. The vast majority of criminal court cases are dealt with under summary procedure – 96% of criminal court disposals during 2010-11 were in the summary courts. Solemn procedure involves the most serious of criminal cases and may ultimately lead to a trial either before a judge in the High Court or before a sheriff in one of the sheriff courts. Trials under solemn procedure are conducted with a jury. Summary procedure is used for less serious offences (with the charges set out in a complaint) and may ultimately lead to a trial before a sheriff or, in justice of the peace courts. Trials under summary procedure are conducted without a jury. A jury in a Scottish criminal case is made up of 15 people, with a simple majority (8 or more out of 15) sufficient to establish guilt. Scottish courts can deliver one of three possible verdicts: guilty, not guilty, and not proven. The not proven verdict is unique to Scotland and has been controversial in the past. Essentially the not proven verdict means that the jury believes the accused may have committed the crime but does not have sufficient evidence to award a guilty verdict. On the other hand, it is not sufficiently convinced that the accused is not guilty. Note that there is not a verdict of innocence. An accused is innocent until proven guilty. Page


To which club did Mr Winkle, Mr Tupman and Mr Snodgrass belong?

Chapters 15-17 'Yes; so she's going to wear a white satin gown with gold spangles.' 'They'll hardly know what she's meant for; will they?' inquired Mr. Snodgrass. 'Of course they will,' replied Mr. Winkle indignantly. 'They'll see her lyre, won't they?' 'True; I forgot that,' said Mr. Snodgrass. 'I shall go as a bandit,'interposed Mr. Tupman. 'What!' said Mr. Pickwick, with a sudden start. 'As a bandit,' repeated Mr. Tupman, mildly. 'You don't mean to say,' said Mr. Pickwick, gazing with solemn sternness at his friend — 'you don't mean to say, Mr. Tupman, that it is your intention to put yourself into a green velvet jacket, with a two-inch tail?' 'Such IS my intention, Sir,' replied Mr. Tupman warmly. 'And why not, sir?' 'Because, Sir,' said Mr. Pickwick, considerably excited — 'because you are too old, Sir.' 'Too old!' exclaimed Mr. Tupman. 'And if any further ground of objection be wanting,' continued Mr. Pickwick, 'you are too fat, sir.' 'Sir,' said Mr. Tupman, his face suffused with a crimson glow, 'this is an insult.' 'Sir,' replied Mr. Pickwick, in the same tone, 'it is not half the insult to you, that your appearance in my presence in a green velvet jacket, with a two-inch tail, would be to me.' 'Sir,' said Mr. Tupman, 'you're a fellow.' 'Sir,' said Mr. Pickwick, 'you're another!' Mr. Tupman advanced a step or two, and glared at Mr. Pickwick. Mr. Pickwick returned the glare, concentrated into a focus by means of his spectacles, and breathed a bold defiance. Mr. Snodgrass and Mr. Winkle looked on, petrified at beholding such a scene between two such men. 'Sir,' said Mr. Tupman, after a short pause, speaking in a low, deep voice, 'you have called me old.' 'I have,' said Mr. Pickwick. 'And fat.' 'So you are!' There was a fearful pause. 'My attachment to your person, sir,' said Mr. Tupman, speaking in a voice tremulous with emotion, and tucking up his wristbands meanwhile, 'is great — very great — but upon that person, I must take summary vengeance.' 'Come on, Sir!' replied Mr. Pickwick. Stimulated by the exciting nature of the dialogue, the heroic man actually threw himself into a paralytic attitude, confidently supposed by the two bystanders to have been intended as a posture of defence. 'What!' exclaimed Mr. Snodgrass, suddenly recovering the power of speech, of which intense astonishment had previously bereft him, and rushing between the two, at the imminent hazard of receiving an application on the temple from each — 'what! Mr. Pickwick, with the eyes of the world upon you! Mr. Tupman! who, in common with us all, derives a lustre from his undying name! For shame, gentlemen; for shame.' The unwonted lines which momentary passion had ruled in Mr. Pickwick's clear and open brow, gradually melted away, as his young friend spoke, like the marks of a black-lead pencil beneath the softening influence of india-rubber. His countenance had resumed its usual benign expression, ere he concluded. 'I have been hasty,' said Mr. Pickwick, 'very hasty. Tupman; your hand.' The dark shadow passed from Mr. Tupman's face, as he warmly grasped the hand of his friend. 'I have been hasty, too,' said he. 'No, no,' interrupted Mr. Pickwick, 'the fault was mine. You will wear the green velvet jacket?' 'No, no,' replied Mr. Tupman. 'To oblige me, you will,' resumed Mr. Pickwick. 'Well, well, I will,' said Mr. Tupman. It was accordingly settled that Mr. Tupman, Mr. Winkle, and Mr. Snodgrass, should all wear fancy-dresses. Thus Mr. Pickwick was led by the very warmth of his own good feelings to give his consent to a proceeding from which his better judgment would have recoiled — a more striking illustration of his amiable character could hardly have been conceived, even if the events recorded in these pages had been wholly imaginary. Mr. Leo Hunter had not exaggerated the resources of Mr. Solomon Lucas. His wardrobe was extensive — very extensive — not strictly classical perhaps, not quite new, nor did it contain any one garment made precisely after the fashion of any age or time, but everything was more or less spangled; and what can be pret