Which war was ended by the Treaty of Westphalia?

The Peace of Westphalia - History Learning Site Home   »   The Thirty Years War   »  The Peace of Westphalia The Peace of Westphalia Citation: C N Trueman "The Peace of Westphalia" historylearningsite.co.uk. The History Learning Site, 25 Mar 2015. 20 Oct 2016. The Thirty Years War was ended by the Peace of Westphalia which was referred to as the “Peace of Exhaustion” by contemporaries. The Peace of Westphalia was not one specific treaty but rather a collection of treaties commonly linked by the fact that they brought the Thirty Years War to an end. France and Sweden had already agreed at the Treaty of Hamburg that there should be a European return to the status quo of 1618. Ferdinand III wanted to retain the gains made at Prague and he wanted 1627 to be his baseline on territorial negotiations. The German Electors favoured 1618 as their baseline. In September 1640, the Electors were summoned by Ferdinand III to Regensburg where the emperor attempted to get the Electors to agree to preserving the Peace of Prague . He failed. Frederick William of Brandenburg specifically rejected Prague as the basis of any settlement. In July 1641, Brandenburg and Sweden signed a truce. Many German princes followed this example of Brandenburg’s to show their displeasure with Ferdinand III. However, Ferdinand III had already started separate negotiations with the French and Dutch at Munster and with the Swedes at Osnabruck. Peace negotiations continued at the same time as the military campaigns. In 1642, a Swedish army defeated an Imperial army at Breitenfeld at the same time as Swedish and Imperial diplomats were examining potential peace terms. Such occurrences happened as a show of strength to the opposition. In 1645, the Imperial army faced two defeats at Nordlingen (defeated by the French) and Jankau (defeated by Sweden). The Holy Roman Empire was clearly in no position to carry on but neither could the Swedes or the French deliver a knockout blow from a military point of view. In 1645, Sweden and Saxony signed a peace agreement. In 1646, Ferdinand III could no longer expect support from Saxony, Brandenburg or Spain. In 1647, Maximilian of Bavaria was forced by the Swedes and French to withdraw his support to Ferdinand. Maximilian reneged on this agreement in 1648, and Swedish and French forces devastated Bavaria leaving Maximilian in a position where he could not do anything else except sign a truce with Sweden and France. The French persuaded Ferdinand III to exclude Spain from the peace negotiations but the United Provinces and Spain did sign a peace settlement at Munster in 1648 thus bringing to an end 80 years of hostility between the Spanish government and the Dutch commonly known as the Revolt of the Netherlands. The whole package of settlements is known as the Peace of Westphalia. One of its provisos was that the practice of electing a King of the Romans in the emperor’s lifetime was abolished. The title of the “Peace of Exhaustion” is probably a more apt title for this series of peace settlements that brought to an end the Thirty Years War. The terms:  France gained the bishoprics of Metz, Toul and Verdun; Breisach and Philippsburg; Alsace and part of Strasburg. Sweden gained West Pomerania, Wismar, Stettin, Mecklenburg; the bishoprics of Verden and Bremen which gave her control over the estuaries of the Elbe and Weser. Brandenburg gained East Pomerania; the archbishopric of Magdeburg and Halberstadt. Bavaria kept the Upper Palatinate and the Electoral title that went with it. The Lower Palatinate was restored to Charles Louis, the son of Frederick and an 8th Elector’s title was made for him. Saxony kept Lusatia. Bohemia remained an hereditary domain. Upper Austria was restored to the Habsburgs – Bavaria had taken control of it. Spain recognised the United Provinces as a sovereign state.


On which pipe of a set of bagpipes is the tune fingered?

Andrew's Bagpipe Tips: Bagpipe Fingering Positions - Charts, Diagrams, Descriptions High-A Bagpipe Scale These nine basic notes— uncommon notes are discussed below—are sounded using the eight finger holes found on the chanter. The holes are named for the note that is sounded when that hole is open. Located on the front of the chanter are seven holes. Located from the bottom up are Low-A through High-G. Located on the back near the top is High-A. (Piper's typically don't refer to a "Low-G hole" as Low-G is sounded when all the finger holes are closed. If anything, such a term would apply to the opening the base of the chanter or, if present, the twin vents located to either side below the Low-A hole.) Finger Locations On the two hands, the only fingers not used to sound notes are the left pinky—completely unused, if a piper were to choose a finger to be amputated, this would be it!—and the right thumb which simply holds the chanter. Positioning the hands, the left index finger covers the High-G hole, and the right index finger covers the D hole. The rest of the fingers fall into place. Note: This page is oriented to the standard "right-handed" hand positions. Much like guitars, many left-handed people opt to learn the pipe pipes as a right-hander. One left-handed piper I know wishes he had, in fact, learned as a right-hander. (In his case, simply for uniformity with other band members.) That said, it is perfectly acceptable to play left-handed. Finger/Hand/Arm Positioning A few things to know. The chanter is not played with the fingertips, which is a common beginner's error. With the left (top) hand, the holes are covered with the pads of the fingers in front of the joint. With the right (bottom) hand, the holes are covered behind the first joint, with the exception of the pinky which is played with the pad in front of the joint. The top thumb's pad covers the High-A hole. The bottom thumb holds the chanter a little lower than is typically natural, that is, it rests in the vicinity of where the C finger is on the opposite side of the chanter, perhaps a little lower or higher, but definitely below the level of the D finger. The fingers are kept relatively straight, though not locked stiff, just ever so slightly curved. The back of each hand should be parallel with the back of the forearm, not bent in, not bent out. You should be able to rest a ruler along the back of both the arm and the hand without a gap. When you raise fingers to play notes, they should be raised approximately the thickness of a finger. To be safe, if you were to pass a finger under that raised finger, the passing finger should brush both the chanter and the raised finger. A little higher is fine, you want the finger high enough that the note will sound clearly, but not have "fly away finger syndrome"—you want control. Also a raised finger should stay above its hole so it's ready to come straight down to close the hole, not having to move forward, backward or side to side to meet the hole. A quick word about that unused high-hand pinky. That pinky will "float" with the E finger, just tagging along with the ride. You don't want to make any effort to force it somewhere it doesn't naturally go. It should have a relaxed natural slight curl. If it goes up when raising the E finger, that's fine. If it goes down when lowering the E finger, that's fine. If you find that it's bumping into the chanter or your other fingers, then you probably need to angle your top hand more—imagine that your index finger is the pivot and you back your E finger away from the chanter a bit. Just ignore your pinky and let it do what it wants to do. After a while, you'll never even think about it. Common Notes The following are the very commonly played notes learned by every beginning piper. Low-G


The style of singing known as Fado comes from which European country?

FADO Music & Fado Restaurants in Lisbon, Portugal Save time and money: Get FREE or reduced admission to most of Lisbon's attractions and ride the city's metro, buses, and trams for FREE with the Lisboa Card » FADO Lisbon's soulful sound Portugal has a diverse musical culture - from the French Provençal strain in the folk music of the north of the country, to Fado, the country's national musical treasure. There are two basic styles of Fado: Lisbon and Coimbra. In Lisbon it is always sung by a solo performer, while in Coimbra it is often performed by groups of male university students. They are accompanied by two guitarists, one playing the melody on a twelve-stringed Portuguese guitar (descendant of the English guitar introduced into Portugal by the British community in Porto in the 19th century), and the other supplying the rhythm on the six-stringed viola. The intensely melancholic songs are usually about love, woes, and pains, or express sadness and longing for things that were lost or that were never accomplished, but in Coimbra, it also occasionally contains humor and political undertones. Even musical experts cannot agree on the true origin of Fado. Although the word comes from the Latin fatum, meaning fate, some believe its drawn-out laments is a legacy of the Moorish occupation. Others say it developed from an African dance in Brazil, and according to another theory, the melancholy character of the music evolved from Portuguese seafarers who sang of home during their long absenses at sea. It emerged as a bohemian art form in Lisbon's working-class districts of Alfama and Mouraria in the late 18th century, and gradually moved up-market. It became popular with the singer Maria Severa, who died at the age of 26 and later became the subject of Portugal's first sound movie in 1931. To this day, female performers wear a black shawl in her memory and her life story has been the influence of several Fado songs, poems, novels, and plays. But it was Amalia Rodrigues in the 20th century who made Fado known beyond Portugal, performing all over Europe, Japan, South America, and even in the United States, in New York's "La Vie en Rose" in the 1950s. She's been credited with defining the style of the music, and when she died in 1999, the government declared three days of national mourning and awarded her a state funeral. As a national icon, she is buried in Lisbon's National Pantheon . Her CD "The Art of Amalia" is one of the best introductions to Fado. For contemporary recordings, the best choices are Mariza's "Fado em Mim," "Transparente", and "Fado Curvo". Mariza is a multiple Grammy nominee and has won the Best European Act at the BBC World Music Awards. She is considered the new "Queen of Fado." In 2007 she went on a world tour that included a well-publicized concert in Los Angeles' Walt Disney Hall (with a stage designed by Frank Gehry just for her concert), and an appearance on the David Letterman Show (see the video below). When visiting Lisbon, spending a night at a "casa de Fado" or Fado restaurant is an essential experience. There are many in the Bairro Alto district, but the most authentic are found in Alfama . Apart from perhaps the Café Luso, our advice is to skip those in Bairro Alto. They cater specifically to tourists and are therefore overpriced, with mediocre food, and filled with tour groups. But in Alfama we can recommend the Casa de Linhares and Pateo de Alfama Fado houses.


Who Said “I Think Therefore I Am”? The famous French philosopher and mathematician René Descartes , also known as the Father of Modern Philosophy, said the words "I think therefore I am”. Much of his work attempted to defy skepticism , a prominent ideology for the French intellectuals of the day. In addition, much of his philosophical thinking lead him to speculate about the connection between the mind and the body, which is what this quote focuses upon. Descartes: “I Think Therefore I Am” Descartes wrote this quote in part IV of his work “Discourse on Method of Rightly Conducting One’s Reason and of Seeking the Truth in the Sciences” published in 1637: But I observed that, while I was thus resolved to feign that everything was false, I who thought must of necessity be somewhat; and remarking this truth--I think, therefore I am--was so firm and so assured that all the most extravagant suppositions of the sceptics [sic] were unable to shake it. I judged that I could unhesitatingly accept it as the first principle of the philosophy I was seeking. I could feign that there was no world, I could not feign that I did not exist. Throughout “Discourse on Method,” Descartes sets up his method of inquiry. In part IV, he then doubts everything he has said and begins by telling his audience that everything he knows is false. By denying everything, he can begin his argument free and clear of prejudice and thus prove his method of inquiry. He then builds his theory beginning with the one thing that he knows to be free of doubt, and that is thought process. Senses can lie or manipulate but to know doubt is to have thoughts and thoughts lead to existence. Rene Descartes, who was born in 1596 and died in 1650, only believed in mathematics and reason. He tried to develop the proper path to deductive reasoning, which he believed was all that stood between him and defeating skepticism. However, he also had to be very careful in his work which closely followed Copernicanism when the Church had recently condemned Galileo for that very belief. Through all of his work and writings, Descartes became one of the most influential philosophers in history.


In Greek mythology who was the Muse of Tragedy?

MELPOMENE - Greek Goddess Muse of Tragedy MELPOMENE Celebrate with Song Muse Melpomene, Greco-Roman marble statue C2nd A.D., State Hermitage Museum MELPOMENE was one of the nine Mousai (Muses), the goddesses of music, song and dance. In the Classical era, when the Mousai were assigned specific artistic and literary spheres, Melpomene was named Muse of tragedy. In this guise she was portrayed holding a tragic mask or sword, and sometimes wearing a wreath of ivy and cothurnus boots. Her name was derived from the Greek verb melpô or melpomai meaning "to celebrate with dance and song." FAMILY OF MELPOMENE ZEUS & MNEMOSYNE (Hesiod Theogony 75, Apollodorus 1.13, Diodorus Siculus 4.7.1, Orphic Hymn 76) OFFSPRING THE SEIRENES (by Akheloios ) (Apollodorus 1.18 & 1.63, Lycophron 712, Hyginus Fabulae 141) ENCYCLOPEDIA MELPO′MENE (Melpomenos), i. e. the singing (goddess), one of the nine Muses, became afterwards the Muse of Tragedy. (Hes. Theog. 77) Source: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. CLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES Hesiod, Theogony 75 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) : "The Mousai (Muses) sang who dwell on Olympos, nine daughters begotten by great Zeus, Kleio (Clio) and Euterpe, Thaleia (Thalia), Melpomene and Terpsikhore (Terpsichore), and Erato and Polymnia (Polyhymnia) and Ourania (Urania) and Kalliope (Calliope)." Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 1. 13 (trans. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C2nd A.D.) : "Mnemosyne [bore to Zeus] the Mousai (Muses), the eldest of whom was Kalliope (Calliope), followed by Kleio (Clio), Melpomene, Euterpe, Erato, Terpsikhore (Terpsichore), Ourania (Urania), Thaleia (Thalia), and Polymnia." Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 1. 18 : "Melpomene bore to Akheloos (Achelous) the Seirenes (Sirens), whom we shall discuss in the course of the tale of Odysseus." Lycophron, Alexandra 712 ff (trans. Mair) (Greek poet C3rd B.C.) : "The triple daughters [the Seirenes (Sirens)] of Tethys' son [Akheloos (Achelous)], who imitated the strains of their melodious mother [Melpomene]." Virgil and the Muses Clio and Melpomene, Greco-Roman mosaic A.D., Bardo National Museum Diodorus Siculus, Library of History 4. 7. 1 (trans. Oldfather) (Greek historian C1st B.C.) : "Hesiod even gives their [the Mousai (Muses)] names when he writes: ‘Kleio (Clio), Euterpe, and Thaleia (Thalia), Melpomene, Terpsikhore (Terpsichore) and Erato, and Polymnia, Ourania (Urania), Kalliope (Calliope) too, of them all the most comely.’ To each of the Mousai (Muses) men assign her special aptitude for one of the branches of the liberal arts, such as poetry, song, pantomimic dancing, the round dance with music, the study of the stars, and the other liberal arts . . . For the name of each Mousa (Muse), they say, men have found a reason appropriate to her: . . . Melpomene, from the chanting (melodia) by which she charms the souls of her listeners." Orphic Hymn 76 to the Muses (trans. Taylor) (Greek hymns C3rd B.C. to 2nd A.D.) : "Daughters of Mnemosyne and Zeus . . . Kleio (Clio), and Erato who charms the sight, with thee, Euterpe, ministering delight: Thalia flourishing, Polymnia famed, Melpomene from skill in music named: Terpsikhore (Terpsichore), Ourania (Urania) heavenly bright." Philostratus the Younger, Imagines 13 (trans. Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C3rd A.D.) : "[Ostensibly a description of an ancient Greek painting :] Why do you delay, O divine Sophokles (Sophocles) [the tragedian], to accept the gifts of Melpomene? Whey do you fix your eyes upon the ground? Since I for one do not know whether it is because you are now collecting your thoughts, or because you are awe-stricken at the presence of the goddess. But be of good heart, good sir, and accept her gifts; for the gifts of the gods are not to be rejected . . . Indeed you see how the bees fly above you, and how they buzz with a pleasant and divine sound as they anoint you with mystic drops of their own dew, since this more than anything else is to be infused into your poesy. Surely someone will before long cry out, naming you the ‘honeycomb of


Which bird, seen in Britain in the summer, has varieties called Reed, Grasshopper and Willow?

The RSPB: Browse bird families: Warblers and allies Browse bird families Image: Kaleel Zibe ‘Old World’ warblers, unrelated to the New World warblers, some of which appear as rare vagrants in the UK. Many species throughout Europe, Africa, Asia and Australasia. In the UK, they can be separated into several groups – ‘leaf’ warblers are slender and greenish birds of woodland and scrub, with simple soft call notes, while ‘reed’ warbler types are browner and live in wet places, and the ‘Sylvia’ warblers are generally more patterned, prefer woods and bushy places and have short, hard call notes. Most are migrants but two species (plus small numbers of two others) remain in the UK in winter.


Who, in legend, commanded the Greeks during the Trojan War?

Greece, A History of Ancient Greece, The Trojan War A History of Ancient Greece The Glory That Was Greece Author:����� Jewsbury, Lewis 800 BC: Homeric writings 1186 BC: The Trojan War Although the Trojan War was the subject of legend and myth in the writings of Homer, there is little doubt that some great conflict took place that resulted in Greek expansion into the coast of Asia Minor and the extension of trade into the Black Sea. Excavations by the German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann in the late 19th century revealed that the city of Troy was a prosperous center as far back as 3000 BC. The ten-year war is believed to have taken place in the early 12th century BC . According to legend, Paris, the son of Troy's King Priam, abducted Helen, wife of King Menelaus of Sparta. Menelaus's brother, King Agamemnon of Mycenae, waged war to regain Helen, who was famous for her beauty. The war over Helen is the source of the saying, "the face that launched a thousand ships." Homer's poem the 'Iliad' begins in the middle of the war. The tale centers on the battle itself, particularly on the character of the Greek hero Achilles and his personal vendetta against Hector, leader of the Trojan forces. This early tale of the triumphs and tragedies of war is considered an epic, a work that chronicles the legendary history of a nation. ACHILLES Among the Greeks who fought against Troy, the one considered the bravest was Achilles. His mother was the goddess Thetis, a Nereid (sea nymph). His father was Peleus, king of Thessaly and a grandson of Zeus, the lord of heaven. It was at the wedding feast of Thetis and Peleus that the goddess Eris (Discord) hurled among the guests a golden apple that was to cause the Trojan War. Soon after the birth of Achilles, Thetis tried to outwit the Fates, who had foretold that war would cut down her son in his prime. So that no weapon might ever wound him, she dipped her baby in the black waters of the Styx, the river that flowed around the underworld. Only the heel by which she held him was untouched by the magic waters, and this was the only part of his body that could be wounded. This is the source of the expression Achilles' heel, meaning a vulnerable point. When the Trojan War began, Achilles' mother, fearing that the decree of the Fates would prove true, dressed him as a girl and hid him among the maidens at the court of the king of Scyros. The trick did not succeed. Odysseus, the shrewdest of the Greeks, went to the court disguised as a peddler. When he had spread his wares before the girls, a sudden trumpet blast was sounded. The girls screamed and fled, but Achilles betrayed his sex by seizing a sword and spear from the peddler's stock. Achilles joined the battle and took command of his father's men, the Myrmidons. They set an example of bravery for the other Greeks. Then he quarreled with Agamemnon, the leader of the Greeks, over a captive whom he loved. When she was taken from him, he withdrew his followers from the fight and sulked in his tent. As a result the Greek armies were driven back to their ships by the Trojans. At last, moved by the plight of the Greeks, Achilles entrusted his men and his armor to Patroclus, his best friend. Thus, when Patroclus led the Myrmidons into battle, the Trojans mistook him for Achilles and fled in panic. Patroclus, however, was killed by Hector, the leader of the Trojans. Achilles' armor became the prize of Hector. Angered and stricken by grief, Achilles vowed to kill Hector. Meanwhile, his mother hastened to Olympus to beg a new suit of armor from Hephaestus, god of the forge. Clad in his new armor, Achilles again went into battle. He slew many Trojans, and the rest--except for Hector--fled within their city. Achilles then killed Hector. Although the Trojans had now lost their leader, they were able to continue fighting with the help of other nations. Achilles broke the strength of these allies by killing Memnon, prince of the Ethiopians, and Penthesilea, queen of the Amazons  Achilles was now weary of war and,


"What hardly ever happens in ""Hertford, Hereford and Hampshire""?"

"In Hertford, Hereford, and Hampshire, hurricanes hardly ever happen." - anagrams The definitive site for fun anagrams! "In Hertford, Hereford, and Hampshire, hurricanes hardly ever happen." anagrams Rearranging the letters of '"In Hertford, Hereford, and Hampshire, hurricanes hardly ever happen."' gives: Huh? Harsh (perhaps horrid) driven men preferred to enhance fair lady. (by Adie Pena by hand) (2008) Other related anagrams without their own page: "Pygmalion author George Bernard Shaw" -> "Oh, beggar our lady in green, who's a tramp." (by Jim Colles by hand) (2004) "Pygmalion by Bernard Shaw" -> "Words by a nymph in a garble." (by Mike Mesterton-Gibbons by hand) (2007) "Pygmalion by Bernard Shaw" -> "Grand whim by a snob player." (by Mike Mesterton-Gibbons by hand) (2007) "Pygmalion by Bernard Shaw" -> "Helps bring Broadway many." (by Mike Mesterton-Gibbons by hand) (2007)


Mr. Midshipman Easy - Wikisource, the free online library Mr. Midshipman Easy sister projects : Wikipedia article , data item . A semi-autobiographical novel by Frederick Marryat, a retired captain in the Royal Navy. The novel is set during the Napoleonic Wars, in which Marryat himself served with distinction. The novel was twice adapted into films. — Excerpted from Mr Midshipman Easy on Wikipedia , the free encyclopedia. 47945Mr. Midshipman EasyFrederick Marryat1836


In which Canadian province is the nation's capital Ottawa?

Ottawa | national capital, Canada | Britannica.com national capital, Canada Ottawa Senators Ottawa, city, capital of Canada , located in southeastern Ontario . In the eastern extreme of the province, Ottawa is situated on the south bank of the Ottawa River across from Gatineau , Quebec , at the confluence of the Ottawa (Outaouais), Gatineau , and Rideau rivers. The Ottawa River (some 790 miles [1,270 km] long), the principal tributary of the St. Lawrence River , was a key factor in the city’s settlement and development; its watershed, covering more than 57,000 square miles (148,000 square km), facilitated the transport of resources such as furs, timber, and minerals from the region. The river’s Chaudière Falls, just west of the Rideau Canal , while initially a navigational hazard for the fur trade and later for the transport of logging rafts, ultimately proved to be an asset in the production of hydroelectric power for the city and a boon to the growth of industry. Examining why Queen Victoria chose Ottawa as the Canadian capital. © Library of Parliament (Canada) (A Britannica Publishing Partner) Rideau Canal and Parliament Buildings, Ottawa. © Creatas/JupiterImages Originally a trading and lumbering community that grew into a town of regional significance, Ottawa was named the capital of the Province of Canada in 1857 and retained that status when Canada became a dominion within the British Commonwealth in 1867. Because of its location on the boundary between English-speaking Ontario and French-speaking Quebec and its position as national capital, Ottawa is one of the most bilingual cities in the country. Area city, 1,077 square miles (2,790 square km); Ottawa-Gatineau metro. area, 2,427 square miles (6,287 square km). Pop. (2006) 812,129; Ottawa-Gatineau metro. area, 1,133,633; (2011) 883,391; Ottawa-Gatineau metro. area, 1,236,324. The Canadian Parliament Buildings, Ottawa, Ontario. © Library of Parliament (Canada)/Karen Cooper (A Britannica Publishing Partner) History Edmonton The earliest inhabitants of the Ottawa region were members of the Algonquin First Nation (Native Americans), who established settlements in the Ottawa River valley. The tribe known as the Ottawa (Outaouais), however, settled in the area for only a short period during the mid-1600s; their traditional territory was considerably farther west on Lake Huron . They were well known as traders (the name Ottawa is believed to be derived from an Algonquian word meaning “to trade”), and they took part in the local fur trade. French explorer Samuel de Champlain taking an observation with his astrolabe on the Ottawa River, … The Granger Collection, New York The first descriptions of Ottawa’s future site were written in 1613 by the founder of New France , Samuel de Champlain . The rivers served as passageways for explorers and fur traders over the following two centuries. In 1763 France ceded all of New France east of the Mississippi River to Great Britain under the Treaty of Paris . The Napoleonic Wars (1792–1815) increased Britain’s need for shipbuilding timber, and the Ottawa River valley offered just such resources. In 1800 a group of farmers from Massachusetts led by Philemon Wright established the area’s first permanent town, Wrightsville, north of the Ottawa River. (It was incorporated in 1875 as the city of Hull , now part of Gatineau.) Wright began harvesting trees in 1806, giving rise to a timber trade that attracted lumberjacks and other itinerant workers. Permanent settlement on the south bank of the river did not occur until the following decade, when, during the War of 1812 between Britain and the United States , it became apparent that the St. Lawrence River between Montreal and Kingston , Ontario, was vulnerable to attack as both a military and an economic target. The British proposed turning the Rideau River into a canal to serve as an alternate shipping and transportation route, diverting traffic up the Ottawa River to Chaudière Falls and back down to Kingston. Lieut. Col. John By of the Royal Engineers was in charge of constructing the mor


Willow Tree Names and Types of Willow (Salix) Species Salix ×laestadiana = Salix cinerea × Salix lapponum Salix ×laurentiana (Laurent's Willow) = Salix discolor (Pussy Willow) × Salix myricoides (Bayberry Willow) Salix ×laurina (Laurel-leaf Willow, Lagervide) = Salix caprea × Salix phylicifolia Salix ×lyonensis = Salix repens (Creeping Willow) × Salix arbuscula Salix ×meyeriana (Shiny-leaf Willow) = Salix pentandra × Salix euxina, (Possibly Salix pentandra × Salix ×fragilis) Salix ×mollissima (Sharp-stipule Willow) = Salix triandra (Almond Willow) × Salix viminalis (Basket Willow, Osier) Salix ×obtusata (Obtuse Willow) = Salix myricoides (Bayberry Willow) × Salix pyrifolia (Balsam Willow) Salix ×pedunculata (Blackbract Willow) = Salix discolor (Pussy Willow, American Willow × Salix pellita (Satiny Willow) Salix ×pendulina (Wisconsin Weeping Willow, Weeping Crack Willow, Niobe Willow) = Salix fragilis (Crack Willow) × Salix babylonica (Babylon Willow, Peking Willow, Weeping Willow) Salix ×pendulina nothovar. elegantissima (Thurlow Weeping Willow) Salix ×pilosiuscula Salix ×pontederana = Salix cinerea × Salix purpurea Salix ×rubens (Synonym of Salix ×fragilis) Salix ×rubra (Green-leaf Willow, Flätvide) = Salix purpurea × Salix viminalis Salix ×schneiderii = Salix lucida (Shining Willow) × Salix nigra (Black Willow) Salix ×sepulcralis (Golden Weeping Willow, Kemp Willow, Weeping Willow) = Salix alba (White Willow) × Salix babylonica (Peking Willow) Salix ×sepulcralis nothovar. chrysocoma (Golden hybrid weeping Willow) = Salix alba ssp. vitellina × Salix babylonica Salix ×sepulcralis nothovar. sepulcralis (Weeping Willow) = Salix alba ssp. alba × Salix babylonica Salix ×seringeana (Seringe Willow) = Salix caprea (Goat Willow) × Salix elaeagnos (Elaeagnus Willow) Salix ×simulatrix (Dvärgrisvide) = Salix arbuscula (Mountain Willow) × Salix herbacea (Snowbed Willow) Salix ×smithiana (Broadleaf osier, Silky-leaf Osier, Häckvide) = Salix cinerea (Grey Willow) × Salix viminalis (Basket Willow, Osier) Salix ×stipularis (Eared Osier, Dammvide) = Salix atrocinerea × Salix viminalis Salix ×subalpina = Salix glauca var. appendiculata × Salix caprea Salix ×subsericea = Salix cinerea × Salix repens (Creeping Willow) Salix ×tsugaluensis = Salix integra × Salix vulpina Salix ×undulata = Salix alba × Salix triandra. Synonym; Salix ×mollissima var. undulata Salix ×ungavensis Salix ×wiegandii (Wiegand's Willow) = Salix calcicola (Limestone Willow, Woolly Willow) × Salix candida (Sage Willow, Sageleaf Willow) Salix ×wimmeriana Salix alba 'Caerulea' (Cricket-bat Willow), Synonym; Salix alba var. caerulea Salix alba 'Vitellina' (Golden Willow); Synonym; Salix alba var. vitellina Salix alba 'Vitellina-Tristis' (Golden weeping Willow), Synonym; 'Tristis' Salix alba 'Sericea' (Silver Willow)


Who starred in films as 'Crocodile Dundee'?

‘Crocodile Dundee’ Paul Hogan and wife to divorce - NY Daily News ‘Crocodile Dundee’ stars Paul Hogan, Linda Kozlowski Hogan to divorce after 23 years of marriage  ‘Crocodile Dundee’ Paul Hogan and wife to divorce A rep said Paul Hogan and Linda Kozlowski split ‘months ago.’ (Jeffrey Mayer/WireImage) NEW YORK DAILY NEWS Friday, October 18, 2013, 11:29 AM Twenty three years after a lavish wedding down under, the marriage of Crocodile Dundee and his co-star wife is down for the count. Julliard-trained actress Linda Kozlowski Hogan, 55, filed for divorce from Australian actor Paul Hogan, 74, in Los Angeles on Thursday, court records show. The couple starred together in the wildly successful "Crocodile Dundee" movies of the ‘80s. Their romance caused a media sensation when Hogan left his first wife Noelene - the mother of five of his children - to be with the blond bombshell who was 19 years his junior. Paul Hogan and Linda Kozlowski in the 2001 film 'Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles.' (Jasin Boland/Paramount Pictures) His rep said Thursday that the couple separated "months ago" and has no plans to fight over money or custody of their teen son Chance. "It's a very, very amicable split. I've never seen anything so friendly," manager Douglas Urbanski told the Daily News. Asked if infidelity was a factor, a source who asked to remain anonymous said it wasn't. Paul Hogan and Linda Kozlowski starred together in the ‘Crocodile Dundee’ movies of the ‘80s. (Jeff Kravitz/FilmMagic, Inc) "I think it's just mathematical, related to the age difference," the source said. The Hollywood couple married in Sydney in 1990 and sold their Malibu mansion to actor Chris Hemsworth and his wife Elsa Pataky for a reported $4.8 million in September. ndillon@nydailynews.com


'Kim', the 1901 novel by Rudyard Kipling, is about an Irish orphan named Kim O'Hara. Kim is short for which name?

On the trail of Kipling's Kim – Travel guide at Wikivoyage This article is an itinerary . Rudyard Kipling with his father Kim, by Rudyard Kipling, is set in British India under the Raj at the turn of the 20th century. The story is about coming-of-age, adventure, espionage, travel, and the diversity of India's ethnic groups and characters, and is one of Kipling's best known works. Kimball O'Hara is a 'poor white' 13-year-old Anglo-Irish orphan happily living on the streets of Lahore , where he is known far and wide as "Little Friend of All the World." He encounters Teshoo Lama, a Tibetan monk in search of a river of healing that will free him from the Buddhist cycle of rebirth. The worldly-wise Kim takes charge of the equally naive Lama, guarding and guiding him on the road while furthering his own quest for a "Red Bull on a Green Field" - his father's old regimental badge. 'Captured' by the regiment, Kim is saved from a military orphanage by the lama's decision to pay for the best education available to a Sahib's son in India. At the same time Mahbub Ali, an old Lahore acquaintance, brings Kim's background and talents to the attention of Colonel Creighton of the Ethnological Survey - which also covers intelligence gathering operations throughout the sub-continent, referred to as the Great Game. For the next three years, Kim receives a strict British education in term-time - while perfecting skills of another sort during his holidays. Finally released at age 16, he re-joins the Lama to wander across northern India - the one to 'graduate' into his vocation, the other to fulfill his quest. The modern day traveller who attempts to retrace Kim's path will naturally find that much has changed, while quite a bit hasn't. Some of the train journeys that Kim took are no longer possible, because the routes now cross the international border between India and Pakistan, two countries that are in a state of conflict. The British have left, but many of their institutions endure and the people Kim encountered may dress and speak very differently from his time, but continue to be an interesting lot. Central Asia continues to be an area of conflict, though the disputants have now changed. Understand[ edit ] Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936) Kipling was a short-story writer, poet and novelist. He was born in Bombay to John Lockwood Kipling who at that time taught at the JJ School of art. He was shipped to Britain at the age of 5 to be educated, and returned to India as a teenager. His 5 years in Lahore while Lockwood Kipling was curator of the Lahore museum were formative. He used Lahore as the base to write extensively about India. There is no doubt of his understanding of India or his love for the Indian character, as displayed in one of his most famous poems, Gunga Din. But Kipling was also an unabashed imperialist who believed in the cultural superiority of British institutions. His problematic and controversial poem The White Man's Burden , encouraging American imperialism in the Philippines , is of a piece with his view that spreading the benefits of modern civilization to the less developed peoples of the world was a solemn duty, a necessary burden even, for the whites. Having said that, it is unlikely that Kipling was a racist in the modern sense - he would probably view the cultural superiority of the white people a result of historical factors rather than an innate feature of skin colour. Kipling left behind a rich body of work, including great children's literature like The Jungle Book, poems like If-, probably the most famous depiction of British stoicism, and clearly deserved his Nobel prize for Literature. On the other hand, his act of raising a purse for General Dyer, the perpetrator of the Jallianwala Bag massacre at Amritsar , an atrocity that appalled even that arch-imperialist Churchill, was among his most shameful acts. One gets the feeling that to read Kim is to read the story of Kipling's life as he would have liked to live it. Of course, Kim was an orphan while Kipling was not; and Kim entered adolescence speaking fluent U


In which year was the suffix letter first used on British car registration plates?

UK CAR Registration plate and year data   UK Car Registration Formats If you were to design a registration system for UK Cars the obvious step would have been to have two numeric characters first, this system would have lasted for 100 years. The British civil service could never have dreamt up a system fiendishly simple so here is what they have done instead in the last 100 years.  The first registration marks were made up of one letter with one number, the first (A1) being issued by London Council in 1903.  Later formats were comprised of two letters and four numbers. These series were replaced as and when they were exhausted. So, whilst the Liverpool series KA lasted for only two years between 1925 and 1927, the series SJ was still being issued by Bute Council in 1963. By the mid 1930s, the two letter/four number series of registration marks were exhausted in some areas, and new three letter/three number series were introduced. AAA 1 was issued (by Hampshire County Council) in 1934 through to AAA 999 and the commencement of the BAA series in 1936. This process continued until the mid 1950s when marks were reversed to three numbers/three letters. Between 1963 and 1965 councils began to issue "suffix" registration marks - three letter/three numbers and a year suffix. The registration year ran from 1 January - 31 December until 1967, when the suffix change was moved to 1 August. In 1973 the appearance of registration plates was changed for the first time since 1903. From 1 January, vehicles were required to have reflective number plates - black on white at the front and black on yellow at the back. Reflective plates were introduced so that unlit vehicles could be seen more easily at night. The regulations also provided for the size, shape and character of registration marks. Prefix registrations - 1983  saw the completion of the suffix format of registration marks. and the beginning of the yearly PREFIX series "Q" marks -Also  in 1983 Q marks were introduced. These are issued to vehicles of indeterminable age, e.g. kit cars which are built of major components from more than one donor vehicle, or imported vehicles where the date of first registration cannot be established.  1999 Prefix plates now run twice a year


Britannia Metal is composed mainly (93%) of which element?

Meriden silver plate has little value - News - MetroWest Daily News, Framingham, MA - Framingham, MA Meriden silver plate has little value Friday Aug 1, 2008 at 12:01 AM Aug 1, 2008 at 1:16 AM TREASURES IN YOUR ATTIC Q: I am looking for information on Meriden silver plate. I have two large goblets and a 1-quart flagon. The bases are marked "Made and Guaranteed By" over a circle with a scale and the words "Meriden B. Company" inside. K.K., Markleysburg, Pa. Helaine Fendelman and Joe Rosson/SCRIPPS HOWARD NEWS SERVICE Q: I am looking for information on Meriden silver plate. I have two large goblets and a 1-quart flagon. The bases are marked "Made and Guaranteed By" over a circle with a scale and the words "Meriden B. Company" inside. K.K., Markleysburg, Pa. A: Before the late 1830s, the only methods of creating relatively inexpensive "silver-plated" objects was either to fuse a thin sheet of sterling silver to a thicker sheet of copper using heat (called "Sheffield plate") or to hammer a thin layer of silver over a base metal and then secure it with solder (called "close plating"). Electroplating did not start until the mid-1830s and is the process of depositing a thin layer of precious metal - generally silver or gold - onto a base metal using electricity passed through a conductive liquid containing potassium cyanide. The base-metal object is immersed in the solution, which also contains suspended ions of precious metal, and the electric current causes the silver or gold to adhere to the surface of the base-metal object. The perfection of this process is usually credited to the Elkingtons of Birmingham, England, who received several patents for the process between 1836 and 1840. They licensed the process to other manufacturers, and the world market was soon inundated with items that looked like they were made from solid silver but were not. The base metal that was silver-plated in the pieces belonging to K.K. is "Britannia Metal" and that is what the "B" stands for in "Meriden B Company." Britannia is a pewterlike metal generally made from 93 percent tin, with 5 percent antimony and 2 percent copper. Sometimes, silver-electroplated objects made with this metal will be marked "EPBM" - which means "Electroplated Britannia Metal." Many metal objects from the mid- to late-19th century that look like pewter are actually Britannia metal. The Meriden Britannia Co. was founded in 1852 in Meriden, Conn., and it began making silver-electroplated Britannia metal in 1855. Later, the company also produced nickel silver (an alloy composed mainly of copper and nickel, sometimes with zinc, antimony and/or other metals). Electroplated-nickel silver items are sometimes marked "EPNS." Electroplated silver items generally have a modest value unless they are either very fancy or very rare. Pieces decorated with images of icebergs, polar bears and Arctic explorers can bring really good money, and a silver-plated cocktail shaker in the shape of a Boston lighthouse has sold at auction for more the $10,000! But these are rare exceptions to the rule. The pieces belonging to K.K. are part of a communion set, and many American collectors tend to avoid items with religious connotations. However, if this set had been earlier and in American- or British-made pewter rather than silver-plated Britannia metal, its monetary worth would have been significantly higher. Currently, the insurance-replacement value of this very plain set is in the $350-to-$450 range if the silvered surface is still in good condition and does not have a lot of unsightly wear. Helaine Fendelman and Joe Rosson are the authors of "Price It Yourself" (HarperResource, $19.95). Contact them at Treasures in Your Attic, P.O. Box 27540, Knoxville, TN 37927 or e-mail treasures@knology.net. About Us


Kariba Dam | dam, Africa | Britannica.com Kariba Dam Tarbela Dam Kariba Dam, concrete arch dam across the Zambezi River at Kariba Gorge, on the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe . Construction of the dam began on Nov. 6, 1956, and was completed in 1959. The structure is 420 feet (128 m) high with a crest 1,899 feet (579 m) in length and a volume of 1,350,000 cubic yards (1,032,000 cubic m). The dam creates Lake Kariba , and it supplies some 6,700,000,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity annually, generated by Kariba North Bank and South Bank companies (Zambia and Zimbabwe, respectively). Its creation required the resettlement of more than 30,000 Batonka tribespeople of Zambia and the evacuation of thousands of wild animals (“Operation Noah”). Some Africans initially opposed construction of the dam, seeing it as a symbol of the unpopular Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland , which dissolved into Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and Zambia in 1963. Later, however, the dam was accepted because of the inexpensive electric power it furnishes to Zambia’s prosperous copper industry. Kariba Dam on the Zambezi River. Ben Bird in earthquake: Reservoir induction ...in depth and 1 cubic km (0.24 cubic mile) in volume. Three sites where such connections have very probably occurred are the Hoover Dam in the United States, the Aswan High Dam in Egypt, and the Kariba Dam on the border between Zimbabwe and Zambia. The most generally accepted explanation for earthquake occurrence in such cases assumes that rocks near the reservoir are already strained from... in Zimbabwe: Industry ...the major energy sources for rail transport, however), and there has also been considerable electrification of low-cost housing in urban townships. Electric power is also generated at the huge Kariba Dam, which Zimbabwe shares with Zambia, on the Zambezi River. Although Zimbabwe has great hydroelectric potential, it has not been realized, and the country imports about two-fifths of the... in dam (engineering): Spillways ...cannot determine the maximum possible flood, they can indicate the probability of a specified flow being exceeded in a particular period. For example, engineers found that, in constructing the Kariba Dam over the Zambezi River on the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe, analyses of the available records of river discharge yielded the estimate that a flood of 7,600 cubic metres (9,950 cubic... 6 References found in Britannica Articles Assorted References The Kariba Dam is one of the largest dams in the world. It is located on the Zambezi River in southeastern Africa, on the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe. Article History Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. MEDIA FOR: You have successfully emailed this. Error when sending the email. Try again later. Edit Mode Submit Tips For Editing We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered. Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. Submit Thank You for Your Contribution! Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. Uh Oh There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later. Close Date Published: September 22, 2008 URL: https:/


Who has hosted a 'Comedy Roadshow' on BBC TV during 2009?

Michael McIntyre on Daytime TV Ads - Michael McIntyre's Comedy Roadshow - BBC - YouTube Michael McIntyre on Daytime TV Ads - Michael McIntyre's Comedy Roadshow - BBC Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Apr 11, 2015 Contains adult humour. Michael McIntyre reviews some of the advertisements during day time television. Taken from Michael McIntyre's Comedy Roadshow: Series 2 Subscribe here for more great BBC comedy clips


Which car company make a model called the 'Yeti'?

Skoda Yeti Hatchback Review (2009 - ) | Parkers Unusual styling not to everyone's taste Verdict Part family hatch and part SUV, the Skoda Yeti is an unusual model. It's a similar idea to the Nissan Qashqai and combines the user-friendliness and affordability of a hatchback along with the practicality of a four-wheel drive. The result is a real success, making the Yeti an ideal family car. There's plenty of room inside, especially for rear passengers, while the boot can swallow an impressive amount of luggage or shopping. It drives well too, and excellent ride quality means it's incredibly comfortable over the roughest of roads. The choice of engines includes the frugal 2.0 TDI along with a 1.2 TSI that comes with two-wheel, rather than four-wheel drive. There's even a super-economy model called the Greenline II, that's claimed to be capable of averaging 61.4mpg. Add in a top quality interior, good levels of standard equipment and the Yeti has even more appeal. Facelifted before 2014 From the end of 2013 the Yeti gets a fresh appearance with sharper, more angular headlights and tail-lights, front grille and bumpers along with new wheels, interior updates and an expanded engine range. An addition to the visual updates, the Yeti range has been split into two model lines: the regular Skoda Yeti, now marketed as a car for urban driving, and the Yeti Outdoor, designed with a tougher appearance. The Yeti Outdoor retains the black plastic sill guards and side mouldings that make the original car so distinctive while the rest of the Yeti range now gets body-coloured bumpers and sills for a more upmarket appearance. Good passenger space Most family hatches offer decent space for their occupants, but the Yeti’s SUV-like styling means it provides a huge amount of room for people and luggage. Even with so much interior space, the Yeti occupies the same amount of road space as the average small hatch, so it doesn’t sacrifice ease of driving for interior space. The front seat passengers are afforded acres of room, while the rear seat easily holds three and the boot is very generous. Fold the 40/20/40 split and tip rear seat and the Yeti has near van-like levers of cargo capacity. Looks don’t suit everyone In a market where looks and image can be a considerable factor in the buying decision, the Yeti’s bluff-fronted styling may not be to everyone’s taste. It’s not stopped the Yeti from being a massive sales hit for Skoda, which has seen used values remain impressively solid even through the bleak years of recession the Yeti was launched into. Any lingering snobbishness about a Skoda badge has been dispatched to history by the Yeti. Some may not like the looks, but there’s no denying it’s a very useful, capable and appealing family car with the option of all-wheel drive for those who need extra traction during their driving lives. Read the full Skoda Yeti review to see if it is the car for you. Next: Driving All Skoda Yeti reviews What owners say about this car First time I've ever driven a Skoda. I'm seriously impressed. Extremely smooth and quiet. Engine is a complete surprise, it's... Read owner review purchased 4x2 1.6 version which returns an impressive 48.88 mpg, that total average for 32000 miles, which I think for... Read owner review The boot is very well designed with lots of thoughtful touches, such as movable hooks for the... Read owner review Parkers ratings


Which state surrounds the Australian Capital territory including the capital Canberra?

Australian Capital Territory | VisitCanberra Australian Capital Territory Canberra: a city of surprises Canberra is full of lots of things; award-winning restaurants, historic museums, natural beauty. But most of all, Canberra is full of surprises. There’s really no other place where so much is all so close. Because when it comes to Australia’s capital, it’s one good thing after another. Prime position Nestled conveniently between Sydney and Melbourne, Australia’s vibrant, multicultural capital city is home to about 390,000 people. Just a short drive from the pristine beaches of the New South Wales  South Coast  and the beautiful  Snowy Mountains , Australia’s largest inland city is the perfect base for a  self-drive holiday  with no road tolls, ample parking and minimal traffic. Food for thought After all that fresh air you’ll have earned a little indulgence and Canberra’s red-hot  food and wine scene  is sure to impress. Refuel in the inner-city foodie precincts of  Braddon ,  NewActon  and the  Kingston Foreshore  – where you’ll find a delicious combination of hipster coffee shops, innovative cafes and award-winning restaurants – or spend the day sampling the  Canberra region’s cool climate wines , with more than 30 cellar doors located within 35 minutes' drive of Canberra. Culture vultures If arts and culture is your thing, Canberra has you covered with a multitude of  galleries and museums  to explore and discover more about Australia’s history. As an added bonus, most of Canberra's  world-class national attractions  offer free entry and all of them are within a 10 minute drive of the city. Events galore Canberra’s jam-packed  calendar of annual events  offers something to suit every taste. Don’t miss our beautiful flower festival,  Floriade , the stunning display of hot air balloons at the  Canberra Balloon Spectacular  and the after-dark celebration of culture and creativity,  Enlighten . Let’s step outside Enjoying the great outdoors comes naturally in the bush capital as our city transforms with a kaleidoscope of colours across  four distinct seasons . Soar above  Lake Burley Griffin  in a hot air balloon, hike the mountainous surrounds or venture into our nearby  national parks and reserves  to get up close and personal with native Australian wildlife. Hot air balloon take off during the Canberra Balloon Spectacular Talking shop Visitors looking to enjoy some  retail therapy  can check out Canberra's flourishing weekend markets and modern shopping malls or explore the boutique-lined streets of  Braddon  and  Manuka . Fun for all ages Our fun-filled city is the perfect destination for families. Let the kids run wilder than their imaginations with a flurry of  family-friendly activities  including monstrous milkshakes, lifelike dinosaurs and weird and wonderful science experiments. A trip to Questacon - The National Science and Technology Centre is fun for all the family When it comes to Canberra, you never know what unexpected wonders are waiting around the corner. You may need to dig a bit deeper to unearth Canberra’s gems, but you’ll be rewarded with a city full of surprises. To keep up to date with everything that’s on offer in Canberra, be sure to subscribe to our monthly  enewsletter .


Name the writer known as 'Denmark's most famous son', his birthplace in Odense is now a museum?

Denmark's the spotto celebrate Andersen - The Boston Globe Denmark's the spotto celebrate Andersen Email | Print | Text size – + By   William A. Davis Globe Correspondent / April 17, 2005 COPENHAGEN -- In his native Denmark, Hans Christian Andersen is not just the author of beloved fairy tales like ''The Little Mermaid" and ''The Ugly Duckling," but is considered a world-class literary figure and a national icon. This year marks the 200th anniversary of Andersen's birth and Denmark is going all out to celebrate the extraordinary life and work of its most famous son, a complex and multitalented man whom Danes believe is not fully appreciated by the rest of the world. Nearly $40 million will be spent on the nationwide celebration, officially called HCA2005, which will continue into December. Events include special exhibitions, plays based on incidents in Andersen's life, fairy-tale-themed ballets, and an opera, ''The Secret Arias," about his unrequited love for singer Jenny Lind (''The Swedish Nightingale") composed by Elvis Costello, of all people. Also, a musical based on ''The Little Mermaid" will be presented on a floating stage in Copenhagen Harbor with a cast of more than 600 and Andersen's original sad but uplifting ending (she loses the handsome prince but gains a human soul), not the Disney cartoon's sappy happy one. The Andersen year began April 2, his birthday, with a gala event in the city's National Stadium of Denmark. The Danish royal family was on hand along with a host of international celebrities -- among them singers Harry Belafonte and Suzanne Vega, actors Matt Dillon and Kenneth Branagh, and writer Isabel Allende -- who have been namedHans Christian Andersen ambassadors by the HCA2005 Foundation. The ambassadors are influential people of all sorts who have agreed to work in their home countries this year to help promote literacy programs that use Anderson's fairy tales, which have been translated into more than 150 languages, as textbooks. Andersen's life was as extraordinary and his personality as original as his writing. He was born into dire poverty in the town of Odense on the island of Funen, son of an illiterate and alcoholic washerwoman and an impoverished shoemaker. When he died in 1875, he was one the most famous men in Europe, an intimate of kings and friend of many notable writers and intellectuals. He was also a bundle of contradictions. Awkward and self-conscious (he was tall with huge hands and feet), he compulsively sought the limelight. A hopeless romantic, he was attracted to both women and men but was a lifelong and reputedly celibate bachelor. A world traveler, he remained a Danish country boy at heart. Andersen wrote novels, plays, travel books, and memoirs, most now largely forgotten outside Denmark. His enduring fame rests on the fact that he was the first writer to take the ancient form of the oral folk tale and transformed it into a wonderful new kind of fiction: the modern fairy tale. Andersen titled his autobiography ''The Fairy Tale of My Life," and many of his tales are autobiographical. He saw himself as ''The Ugly Duckling" who turned into a beautiful swan, for instance, and ''The Steadfast Tin Soldier" who stayed faithful to his beloved even after she spurned him. ''The Greatest Fairy Tale" is the appropriate name of a big exhibition on Andersen's life and achievements created especially for HCA2005 in the gardens of Copenhagen's Rosenborg Castle. The exhibition presents Andersen's life as a journey, with interactive stations at each stage and a narrator, speaking in Andersen's own words, providing the link between them. Visitors follow Andersen from his grim childhood through his courageous decision at the age of 14 to leave home and seek his fortune in Copenhagen (impressed by the eccentric, but clearly gifted youth, a wealthy man financed his education), and finally to great fame. After December, the exhibition goes on an international tour that the HCA2005 Foundation hopes will create new interest in Andersen. Andersen became a wealthy man but was afraid of being ti


Who played the part of Michael Douglas's wife in the film 'Fatal Attraction'?

Fatal Attraction (1987) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error A married man's one-night stand comes back to haunt him when that lover begins to stalk him and his family. Director: a list of 48 titles created 03 May 2011 a list of 30 titles created 22 Jul 2011 a list of 24 titles created 17 Jul 2013 a list of 25 titles created 11 Dec 2014 a list of 23 titles created 8 months ago Search for " Fatal Attraction " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for     6     Oscars. Another    7 wins & 16 nominations. See more awards  » Videos A violent, suspended police detective investigates a brutal murder, in which a manipulative and seductive woman could be involved. Director: Paul Verhoeven A computer specialist is sued for sexual harassment by a former lover turned boss who initiated the act forcefully, which threatens both his career and his personal life. Director: Barry Levinson A married couple try everything to get each other to leave the house in a vicious divorce battle. Director: Danny DeVito A millionaire offers $1,000,000 to a young married couple for a night with the wife. Director: Adrian Lyne A remake of the Alfred Hitchcock classic Dial M for Murder (1954). Director: Andrew Davis Two NYC cops arrest a Yakuza member and must escort him when he's extradited to Japan. Director: Ridley Scott A New York suburban couple's marriage goes dangerously awry when the wife indulges in an adulterous fling. Director: Adrian Lyne A romance writer sets off to Colombia to ransom her kidnapped sister, and soon finds herself in the middle of a dangerous adventure. Director: Robert Zemeckis This is the sequel to "Romancing the Stone" where Jack and Joan have their yacht and easy life, but are gradually getting bored with each other and this way of life. Joan accepts an ... See full summary  » Director: Lewis Teague A woman advertising for a new roommate finds that something very strange is going on with the tenant who decides to move in. Director: Barbet Schroeder A woman gets involved in an impersonal affair with a man. She barely knows about his life, only about the sex games they play, so the relationship begins to get complicated. Director: Adrian Lyne A borderline personality disordered defense worker frustrated with the various flaws he sees in society, begins to psychotically and violently lash out against them. Director: Joel Schumacher Edit Storyline Happily married New York lawyer Dan Callagher has an affair with his colleague Alex, and the two enjoy a love weekend while Dan's wife and kid are away. But Alex will not let go of him, and she will stop at nothing to have him for herself. Just how far will she go to get what she wants? Written by Sami Al-Taher <staher2000@yahoo.com> See All (230)  » Taglines: On the other side of drinks, dinner and a one night stand, lies a terrifying love story. See more  » Genres: 18 September 1987 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: Affairs of the Heart See more  » Filming Locations: Did You Know? Trivia Glenn Close still has the knife she used in the movie hanging in her kitchen. See more » Goofs Alex's head tilts the opposite way when she tries to persuade Dan to not leave after he confronts her. See more » Quotes See more » Crazy Credits Barbara Harris is sometimes credited under the name Barbara Iley. In the final credits here, under 'Party Guests', she is credited under both names. See more » Connections Prelude No. 4 in E Minor, Op. 28 (uncredited) One Of The Most Memorable Movies Of The '80s 28 January 2007 | by ccthemovieman-1 (United States) – See all my reviews You don't hear much about this film anymore, but in its day, this was the most-talked about movie of the year. It was a 'favorite topic of conversation about the office water cooler' for a number o


Miles To Chain Conversion Miles To Chains Conversion How many chains in a mile ? Miles to chains conversion table shows the most common values for the quick reference. Alternatively, you may use the converter below to convert any other values. 1 Mile = 80 Chains 1 Chain = 0.0125 Mile Mile is an imperial and us customary unit and equals to 5280 feet. It is a mostly used in some of the countries to measure the distance between two geographical locations. The abbreviation is "mi". Chain is an old unit of length used in some english speaking countries. It is mostly used in surveying land. For other length unit conversions, please go to Length Conversion Converter


What is the name of the traditional Scottish pudding, often eaten at Hogmanay, made with suet, currants and, sultanas and named from the cloth in which it is wrapped for cooking?

Scottish Clootie Dumpling Recipe - Fruit Suet Pudding 1 teaspoon of baking powder 1 teaspoon of cinnamon 4 tablespoons of milk 1 tablespoon of flour for the cloth Use discount code SR1601 at checkout for 10% off & free delivery on orders with a subtotal over £30 at online butcher Donald Russell , cannot be used with any other discount codes and will not apply to half price steak selections. The Drummer Boy is my latest novel about the ghost of a Gordon Highlander Drummer Boy from the Battle of Waterloo who haunts a modern day army nurse. Chapters take place in modern day Aberdeen, at the Noose & Monkey bar and restaurant as well as His Majestyï¿½s Theatre and Garthdee. Other scenes take place at Tidworth and during the Napoleonic War. on most devices. How To Make Clootie Dumpling 1. Rub the suet into the flour and add oatmeal, baking powder, sugar, sultanas and currants and the ginger and cinnamon. Blend together and add the eggs and syrup. Stir well and add just enough milk to firm. 2. If you are using a cloth (cloot), put it into boiling water first then spread onto  your table and sprinkle a liberal amount of flour over the inside. Put the mixture into the middle and tie up, leaving a wee bit of space for the mixture to expand. Taste Ye Back: Great Scots and the Food That Made Them describes how the traditional skin is formed by the sprinkling of flour and sugar into the cloot cloth before it is filled with the mixture. The clootie dumpling skin would have traditionally been dried in front of the open fireplace though modern cooks may now do the drying of the skin in the oven. Though the actor and entertainer John Barrowman (Captain Jack Harkness in Torchwood) describes his mum's way of forming the skin on their clootie dumpling as each family member taking a turn to slap the dumplings bum prior to it going into the pot of boiling water! Traditionally silver pennies would be added to the Cootie Dumpling mixture. Sue Lawrence in her book Scots Cooking: The Best Traditional and Contemporary Scottish Recipes suggests wrapping 5p pieces or charms in waxed or greaseproof paper and adding these to the mixture which Sue spells as Cloutie Dumpling. The book Nick Nairn's New Scottish Cookery suggests using an old pillowcase or a square of muslin as an alternative for the cloot. 3. Place an upside-down saucer at the bottom of a deep pan and put the tied cloot in and cover with boiling water and simmer for about 3 hours. The saucer stops the cloot sticking to the pan. 4. If you'd rather use a bowl it will need to be greased before adding the mixture. Leave an inch space at the top for the pudding to expand. Cover with greaseproof paper and tie. I am often asked how long will Clootie Dumpling keep for and stored? It never lasts long in our household because we love to eat it quickly! However many chefs and bakers recommend no longer than two months depending on the conditions it is kept. Scottish Recipes are always happy to answer questions about Clootie Dumpling. Here is one example: How do I get a skin to form on my clootie dumpling? The skin is formed when the pudding dries out. Different chefs have differing ways on how to form a skin on clootie dumpling. Some like to sprinkle it with caster sugar and put it into a warmed oven at about 100 C for 20 to 30 minutes or until the shiny skin forms. Others still prefer the traditional method of drying the clootie dumpling in front of the fire. However few homes have the old fashioned kitchen ranges and coal fires needed so the moderate heat of the oven is needed with or without the sprinkling of the caster sugar. Patience is also needed to form the skin, so do let it cool down on your kitchen table. If you like our Traditional Scottish Recipes and would like to easily share them with your friends and family please use the social networking buttons below:    Maw Broon's Cookbook has a Scottish suet pudding recipe much like the above clootie recipe though it uses self raising flour instead  of plain flour and additional ingredients such as bread crumbs, a grated apple, brown


Between 1892 and 1954, which part of New York was the point of entry for millions of immigrants?

Ellis Island - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com Google Overview When Ellis Island opened, a great change was taking place in immigration to the United States. As arrivals from northern and western Europe–Germany, Ireland, Britain and the Scandinavian countries–slowed, more and more immigrants poured in from southern and eastern Europe. Among this new generation were Jews escaping from political and economic oppression in czarist Russia and eastern Europe (some 484,000 arrived in 1910 alone) and Italians escaping poverty in their country. There were also Poles, Hungarians, Czechs, Serbs, Slovaks and Greeks, along with non-Europeans from Syria, Turkey and Armenia. The reasons they left their homes in the Old World included war, drought, famine and religious persecution, and all had hopes for greater opportunity in the New World. Did You Know? It has been estimated that close to 40 percent of all current U.S. citizens can trace at least one of their ancestors to Ellis Island. After an arduous sea voyage, many passengers described their first glimpse of New Jersey , while third-class or steerage passengers lugged their possessions onto barges that would take them to Ellis Island. Immigrants were tagged with information from the ship’s registry and passed through long lines for medical and legal inspections to determine if they were fit for entry into the United States. From 1900 to 1914–the peak years of Ellis Island’s operation–some 5,000 to 10,000 people passed through the immigration station every day. Approximately 80 percent successfully passed through in a matter of hours, but others could be detained for days or weeks. Many immigrants remained in New York , while others traveled by barge to railroad stations in Hoboken or Jersey City, New Jersey, on their way to destinations across the country. Passage of the Immigrant Quota Act of 1921 and the National Origins Act of 1924, which limited the number and nationality of immigrants allowed into the United States, effectively ended the era of mass immigration into New York. From 1925 to its closing in 1954, only 2.3 million immigrants passed through Ellis Island–which was still more than half of all those entering the United States. Ellis Island opened to the public in 1976. Today, visitors can tour the Ellis Island Immigration Museum in the restored Main Arrivals Hall and trace their ancestors through millions of immigrant arrival records made available to the public in 2001. In this way, Ellis Island remains a central destination for millions of Americans seeking a glimpse into the history of their country, and in many cases, into their own family’s story. Timeline 1630-1770 Ellis Island is no more than a lot of sand in the Hudson River, located just south of Manhattan. The Mohegan Indians who lived on the nearby shores call the island Kioshk, or Gull Island. In the 1630s, a Dutch man, Michael Paauw, acquires the island and renames it Oyster Island for the plentiful amounts of shellfish on its beaches. During the 1700s, it is known as Gibbet Island, for its gibbet, or gallows tree, used to hang men convicted of piracy. 1775-1865 Around the time of the Revolutionary War, the New York merchant Samuel Ellis purchases the island, and builds a tavern on it that caters to local fisherman. Ellis dies in 1794, and in 1808 New York State buys the island from his family for $10,000. The U.S. War Department pays the state for the right to use Ellis Island to build military fortifications and store ammunition, beginning during the War of 1812 . Half a decade later, Ellis Island is used as a munitions arsenal for the Union army during the Civil War. Meanwhile, the first federal immigration law, the Naturalization Act, is passed in 1790; it allows all white males living in the U.S. for two years to become citizens. There is little regulation of immigration when the first great wave begins in 1814. Nearly 5 million people will arrive from northern and western Europe over the next 45 years. Castle Garden, one of the first state-run immigration depots, opens at the Battery in lower Manhatta


What was the surname of the Danish father and son who both won Nobel Prizes for Physics, in 1922 and 1975?

The Nobel Prizes: A family tradition - USATODAY.com The Nobel Prizes: A family tradition Posted 10/4/2006 9:12 AM ET By Karl Ritter, The Associated Press STOCKHOLM  For some Nobel Prize laureates, winning the coveted awards is a family tradition. Six fathers-and-sons, four married couples and two brothers have won Nobels since the first awards were handed out in 1901. But no one beats the Curie family of France. Marie Curie became the first woman laureate when she shared the physics prize in 1903 with her husband, Pierre. Marie went on to win a second Nobel eight years later, this time in chemistry. Their daughter Irene Joliot-Curie followed suit, sharing the 1935 chemistry prize with her husband Frederic Joliot for their synthesis of radioactive elements. They remain the only family to have won husband-wife awards through two generations. On Wednesday, Roger D. Kornberg became the latest laureate to continue a Nobel family tradition when he was pronounced the winner of the 2006 chemistry award. His father, Arthur Kornberg, won the medicine prize in 1959. Roger Kornberg still remembers joining his father at age 12 to pick up the award at a pomp-filled ceremony in Stockholm. "I can recall vividly traveling Stockholm in 1959, at the time of my father's award. I have always been an admirer of his work and that of many others preceding me," Roger Kornberg said. Hakan Wennerstrom, chairman of the chemistry prize committee, said Kornberg's family history may have been part of the reason he was allowed to conduct his research for more than a decade before producing a single major publication of his results. That is a rare luxury in the world of science, where financial backers often want instant results, he said. "I guess it helps to have a father who is a Nobel laureate." Only one father-son duo has been honored for the same Nobel Prize. In 1915, Briton William Bragg shared the physics award with his 25-year-old son Lawrence Bragg — the youngest Nobel laureate ever. Danish scientist Niels Bohr won the Nobel physics prize in 1922 and his son Aage Bohr repeated the feat in 1975. Other father-son laureates are Swedes Hans von Euler-Chelpin (chemistry, 1929) and Ulf von Euler (medicine, 1970) and Manne Siegbahn (physics, 1924) and Kai Siegbahn (physics, 1981). Briton Joseph John Thomson and his son George Thomson both won the physics prize, in 1906 and 1937, respectively. The only siblings to bask in Nobel glory were Jan and Nikolaas Tinbergen of the Netherlands. Jan won the first award in economics in 1969 while Nikolaas won the medicine prize in 1973. In a 2004 article, Dutch economist Auke R. Leen examined why both brothers won Nobels despite having completely different personalities and interests. "They did share several factors: genes and family upbringing that encouraged intellectual curiosity and independent thinking," Leen wrote. The only Nobel Prize free of family traditions is the literature award. No direct relative of a literature prize winner is among the Nobel laureates. Copyright 2007 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This  material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. Posted 10/4/2006 9:12 AM ET


Who presents the TV programme 'Caribbean Food Made Easy'?

Caribbean Food Made Easy: Levi Roots: 9781845335250: Amazon.com: Books Caribbean Food Made Easy Customers Who Bought This Item Also Bought Page 1 of 1 Start over Page 1 of 1 This shopping feature will continue to load items. In order to navigate out of this carousel please use your heading shortcut key to navigate to the next or previous heading. Hardcover $29.99 Prime Editorial Reviews About the Author Levi Roots is a cook, entrepreneur and musician. He gained widespread fame in the UK after appearing on the TV program Dragon's Den seeking funding for his Reggae Reggae Sauce, which is now stocked in all major supermarkets in the UK and has sold over 2 million bottles. Levi has since launched Levi Roots' Love Apple Tomato Sauce and Levi Roots' Fiery Guava Dipping Sauce, and six cooking sauces are currently in the pipeline. Reggae Reggae burgers can be found in bar and pub chains across the UK and Subway sells a Reggae Reggae Chicken Sub in its UK outlets. Levi's first cookbook, the Reggae Reggae Cookbook, published by Collins this year, has been a great success. Levi creates delicious West Indian recipes in the kitchen of his new South London restaurant, Papine Jerk Center. As a successful reggae musician, he has performed with James Brown, was close friends with Bob Marley, has sung to Nelson Mandela and was nominated for a MOBO award in 1998. His Roots Reggae album will be released soon.


Grand Coulee Dam | Bureau of Reclamation Columbia River Basin in Idaho, Oregon, Washington, Montana & Wyoming


French world cup winning footballer Zinedane Zidane is the son of an immigrant from which country?

Zinedine Zidane, the best football player in the world   Zinedine Zidane Zinedine Yazid Zidane,       (often incorrectly spelled ZinÃ©dine, Arabic: زين الدين زيدان transliteration: Zīn ad-Dīn Zīdān), (born June 23, 1972), popularly       nicknamed Zizou, is a former French football player of Kabyle       Algerian descent who starred for both the French national team and for four club teams, most recently Real Madrid. Zidane is       often considered to be the best footballer of his generation and one       of the greatest of all time. A midfielder, his elegant dribbling,       balance, passing ability, shot accuracy, shot selection, and       well-placed free kicks have made him one of the game's finest       players and the natural successor of Michel Platini as France's top       playmaker. His precise control over the flow of the game and his ability to       hold and protect the ball remain highly regarded. Zidane received international attention with his two headed goals in       the 1998 World Cup final against Brazil that essentially won his       country's first ever title. He has been elected FIFA World Player of the Year three times (1998,       2000, 2003), a record that has only been matched by Ronaldo, and       once as European Footballer of the Year (1998). In 2004, Zidane was       added to the FIFA 100, a list of the 125 greatest living footballers       selected by PelÃ© as part of FIFA's centenary celebrations. As announced on 25 April 2006, Zidane retired from international       football after the 2006 World Cup Final on 09 July 2006. Club Career Zidane was       born in Marseille, France and raised in La Castellane, a       government-sponsored housing project (citÃ© HLM) in the northern       suburbs of Marseille (the "Quartiers Nord"). Though born in       Marseille, Zidane has never played for Olympique de Marseille.       Zidane got his start in football at an early age, when he joined the       US Saint-Henri club. He moved on to Septemes Sports Olympiques after Saint-Henri's coach       convinced its director to sign him. After leaving Septemes at the       age of 14, Zidane participated in the first year junior selection       for the league championship. He was called in for three days at the       sport regional centre in Aix-en-Provence, where Jean Varraud, AS       Cannes' recruiter, took notice of the French-Algerian player. Zidane ventured off to Cannes for what was intended to be a six-week       stay, but he remained at the club for four years to play with       professionals. After spending four years with Bordeaux, he was       transferred to Italy's Juventus F.C. for a fee of Â£3 million. In 2001, Zidane was transferred from Juventus to the Spanish club       Real Madrid on a four-year contract. The transfer fee was â‚¬66       million, making him the most expensive player in football history. His fellow Galacticos at Madrid included David Beckham, RaÃºl       GonzÃ¡lez, LuÃs Figo, Ronaldo, and Roberto Carlos. He scored a       spectacular winning goal in a 2-1 win over the German team Bayer       Leverkusen in the 2001-2002 Champions League Final in Glasgow's       Hampden Park. On 7 May 2006, Zidane played his last home game for Real Madrid at       the famous Santiago BernabÃ©u stadium. His team-mates wore special jerseys that had "ZIDANE 2001 - 2006" written on the bottom of the       club logo. As expected, the Real Madrid fans gave him a warm       reception and kept cheering him throughout the whole game. The opponent team was Villarreal CF and, unfortunately for Zidane,       the game ended in a 3-3 draw. He scored the second goal for Real       Madrid without any major celebration. After the game, Zidane swapped       jerseys with Juan Roman Riquelme, the Villarreal CF and Ar


From which wine making region does Chablis come?

Chablis Wine Regions Chablis Chablis Wine Chablis is an historic wine-producing town in northern-central France . It produces light, dry white wines famed for their minerality and crisp acidity. AOC Chablis wines are produced exclusively from Chardonnay . Chablis is located in northern Burgundy (Bourgogne), although the town and its vineyards are located a considerable distance (more than 60 miles/100 km) north-west of Burgundy's main wine-producing areas around Nuits-Saint-Georges, Beaune, Chalon-sur-Saone and Macon. They are in fact closer to Sancerre (Loire) and Les Riceys (southern Champagne). Consequently, Chablis has a cooler climate than the rest of Burgundy, which contributes significantly to the style of wine its vineyards produce. The effects of terroir on wine can be seen more clearly in Chablis than almost anywhere else. Vineyards in Chablis A key division within Chablis lies between terroirs with Kimmeridgian soils and those with Portlandian soils. Kimmeridgian soil is more highly regarded; it contains greater levels of mineral-rich clay, as well as the essential marine fossils which are responsible for its significant lime content. Kimmeridgian soils are the source of the trademark minerality in Premier Cru and Grand Cru wines from Chablis. By contrast, Portlandian soils are not so rich in clay and fossils, which results in slightly fruitier wines with a less mineral profile. Petit Chablis wines are most often grown in Portlandian soils. Chablis wines are made in a style rather different from those produced elsewhere in Burgundy. They are drier and fresher, rather than more weighty and richly flavored. Unlike typical Burgundian white wines, which are barrel fermented , Chablis is usually entirely free of any oak influence. Very few Chablis producers use oak barrels in their winemaking and the exceptions are restricted to the higher-quality wines, whose extra complexity and depth mean that the wines are not overpowered by oak flavors. The vineyards of Chablis are classified into four tiers of quality. Starting from the top, they are: Chablis Grand Cru, Chablis Premier Cru, Chablis and Petit Chablis. Wines which conform to the general Chablis appellation laws may claim the classification held by the vineyard where they were grown. The appellation AOC Chablis is the most prolific and geographically widespread of the four classifications. It was created in 1938 – at the same time as the Chablis Grand Cru appellation – to protect the Chablis name, which was being used around the world to describe wines bearing little resemblance to the real Chablis. Today, all wines carrying the Chablis title are dry whites made exclusively from Chardonnay. They must be produced from vineyards in a specifically designated area surrounding Chablis town and its nearby villages. Chablis Premier Cru is not a distinct appellation like the other three classifications, but rather a quality sub-division of the standard AOC Chablis title. Its geographical coverage is significantly larger than that of Chablis Grand Cru. There are 40 climats (vineyard sites) around Chablis which are deemed worthy of the Premier Cru title, and these are further subdivided into roughly 80 specific vineyards. The wines produced under this title are made according to quality controls that are halfway between those of the Chablis and Grand Cru Chablis appellations. Chablis Grand Cru wines are produced from just 250 acres (100ha) of vineyards planted on gentle south-west-facing slopes at the eastern edge of the town. There are seven named Grand Cru climats. Running from north to south along the Serein river they are: Preuses , Bougros , Vaudesir , Grenouilles , Valmur , Les Clos and Blanchot . Wines claiming the Grand Cru title are made under stringent regulations; the maximum permitted yield is lower than for standard Chablis, and the minimum potential alcohol one degree higher. Chablis Grand Cru wines respond well to bottle ageing for between 10 and 15 years. Petit Chablis is the least prestigious of the Chablis appellations. It was created in 1944 to cover th


In which Beatles song does 'the barber shave another customer'?

THE BEATLES LYRICS - Penny Lane THE BEATLES LYRICS In Penny Lane there is a barber showing photographs Of every head he's had the pleasure to have known And all the people that come and go Stop and say hello On the corner is a banker with a motorcar The little children laugh at him behind his back And the banker never wears a mac In the pouring rain, very strange Penny Lane is in my ears and in my eyes There beneath the blue suburban skies I sit, and meanwhile back In Penny Lane there is a fireman with an hourglass And in his pocket is a portrait of the queen He likes to keep his fire engine clean It's a clean machine Penny Lane is in my ears and in my eyes A four of fish and finger pies In summer, meanwhile back Behind the shelter in the middle of a roundabout The pretty nurse is selling poppies from a tray And though she feels as if she's in a play She is anyway In Penny Lane the barber shaves another customer We see the banker sitting waiting for a trim And then the fireman rushes in From the pouring rain, very strange Penny lane is in my ears and in my eyes There beneath the blue suburban skies I sit, and meanwhile back Penny lane is in my ears and in my eyes There beneath the blue suburban skies Penny Lane Visit www.azlyrics.com for these lyrics. Thanks to Zainab Firdausi, pooksie for correcting these lyrics. Writer(s): Paul Mccartney, John Lennon


In Greek mythology, Thanatos represented Death who was his twin brother who represented Sleep?

Thanatos, the god of Death *** Thanatos, the Greek god of Death Who was Thanatos? Thanatos was a god of Death who was feared and hated as the enemy of mankind and whose hard heart knew no pity. He was one of the primeval gods who was a son of Nyx was believed to be the mother of everything mysterious and anything that was inexplicable, such as death, disease, sleep, ghosts, dreams, witchcraft and enchantments. His father was Erebus, who reigned in a palace in the dark regions of the Underworld. His twin brother was Hypnos the god of sleep. According to Greek mythology he shared his cavernous palace in the Underworld with Hypnos. At the entrance of the palace were a garden of poppies which symbolized death. He is associated with non-violent death whereas his sisters, the terrifying Keres represented violent death. He is also associated with a role similar to that of the modern 'grim reaper' in which he escorted souls to the Underworld. This particular function was also conducted by Charon the Ferryman, Hecate and Morpheus. Hypnos, the god of sleep, and his twin brother Thanatos, the god of death, who represented a peaceful, passing away Symbols of Thanatos In Greek Art the god was often illustrated with images and pictures representing the attributes and symbols associated with him. The symbols associated with the god are: A wreath: A Wreath of Flowers were associated with birth and life after death. Inverted torches: The inverted torch symbolizes death Wings: His wings symbolized his role as the god of death, the power of flight and his role in escorting souls to the Underworld A Sword attached to his belt: The symbol of the sheaved sword represents the role of Thanatos to bring a non-violent death to mortals A butterfly: The butterfly is associated with the Greek goddess Psyche and was the name given by the ancient Greeks to the soul Thanatos (Roman Counterpart was Letum) When the Roman Empire conquered the Greeks in 146BC, the Romans assimilated various elements from other cultures and civilisations, including the gods and goddesses that were worshipped by the Ancient Greeks. Many of the Greek gods and goddesses, such as Thanatos, were therefore adopted by the Romans but were given Latin names. The Roman counterpart of Thanatos was Letum or sometimes Mors. Thanatos in Ancient Greek Mythology According to ancient mythology, although he was the god of death, Thanatos could occasionally be outwitted. A famous myth relating to this feat relates to Sisyphus, who was the son of Aeolus (the king of Thessaly) who tricked the god of death twice. When it was time for Sisyphus to die, he succeeded in chaining Thanatos up with his own shackles. Eventually Ares released Thanatos from his chains and handed Sisyphus over to him, but Sisyphus would tricked Thanatos again by convincing Zeus to allow him to return to his wife. The Brothers and Sisters of Thanatos According to Greek Mythology Thanatos was the son of Nyx, the dark goddess of Night and Erebus whose province was the Underworld before the emergence of Hades. The siblings of Thanatos were all death spirits: Hecate was the goddess of magic, witchcraft and ghosts The Fates , the goddesses of Destiny The Furies , the goddesses of vengeance and retribution Family Tree and Genealogy of Thanatos The following Family Tree illustrates the genealogy family members and genealogy of Thanatos, providing an overview of the relationships between Nyx and some of the principle Greek gods and goddesses of darkness and the Underworld. Words relating to Thanatos There are several words that derive from Thanaros: Thanatophobia: Thanatophobia is the morbid fear of death and mortality Thanatology: Thanatology is the study of death among human beings Thanatos and the Dynasties of Greek Gods According to Greek mythology, Thanatos and the Ancient Greek gods and goddesses consisted of three major dynasties from different generations: The First generation of Ancient Greek Gods included Thanatos The Second generation were the Titans The Third generation of were the famous Olympian gods Thanatos Interest


"Who, in a Shakespeare play, said ""The evil that men do lives after them""?"

Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare: Act 3. Scene II Enter BRUTUS and CASSIUS, and a throng of Citizens Citizens We will be satisfied; let us be satisfied. BRUTUS Then follow me, and give me audience, friends. Cassius, go you into the other street, And part the numbers. Those that will hear me speak, let 'em stay here; Those that will follow Cassius, go with him; And public reasons shall be rendered Of Caesar's death. I will hear Brutus speak. Second Citizen I will hear Cassius; and compare their reasons, When severally we hear them rendered. Exit CASSIUS, with some of the Citizens. BRUTUS goes into the pulpit Third Citizen The noble Brutus is ascended: silence! BRUTUS Be patient till the last. Romans, countrymen, and lovers! hear me for my cause, and be silent, that you may hear: believe me for mine honour, and have respect to mine honour, that you may believe: censure me in your wisdom, and awake your senses, that you may the better judge. If there be any in this assembly, any dear friend of Caesar's, to him I say, that Brutus' love to Caesar was no less than his. If then that friend demand why Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer: --Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more. Had you rather Caesar were living and die all slaves, than that Caesar were dead, to live all free men? As Caesar loved me, I weep for him; as he was fortunate, I rejoice at it; as he was valiant, I honour him: but, as he was ambitious, I slew him. There is tears for his love; joy for his fortune; honour for his valour; and death for his ambition. Who is here so base that would be a bondman? If any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so rude that would not be a Roman? If any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so vile that will not love his country? If any, speak; for him have I offended. I pause for a reply. All Then none have I offended. I have done no more to Caesar than you shall do to Brutus. The question of his death is enrolled in the Capitol; his glory not extenuated, wherein he was worthy, nor his offences enforced, for which he suffered death. Enter ANTONY and others, with CAESAR's body Here comes his body, mourned by Mark Antony: who, though he had no hand in his death, shall receive the benefit of his dying, a place in the commonwealth; as which of you shall not? With this I depart,--that, as I slew my best lover for the good of Rome, I have the same dagger for myself, when it shall please my country to need my death. All Good countrymen, let me depart alone, And, for my sake, stay here with Antony: Do grace to Caesar's corpse, and grace his speech Tending to Caesar's glories; which Mark Antony, By our permission, is allow'd to make. I do entreat you, not a man depart, Save I alone, till Antony have spoke. Exit Stay, ho! and let us hear Mark Antony. Third Citizen Let him go up into the public chair; We'll hear him. Noble Antony, go up. ANTONY For Brutus' sake, I am beholding to you. Goes into the pulpit What does he say of Brutus? Third Citizen He says, for Brutus' sake, He finds himself beholding to us all. Fourth Citizen 'Twere best he speak no harm of Brutus here. First Citizen This Caesar was a tyrant. Third Citizen We are blest that Rome is rid of him. Second Citizen Peace! let us hear what Antony can say. ANTONY Peace, ho! let us hear him. ANTONY Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears; I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interred with their bones; So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious: If it were so, it was a grievous fault, And grievously hath Caesar answer'd it. Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest-- For Brutus is an honourable man; So are they all, all honourable men-- Come I to speak in Caesar's funeral. He was my friend, faithful and just to me: But Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man. He hath brought many captives home to Rome Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill: Did this in Caesar seem ambitious? When that the poor have cried, Caesar hat


Discovered in 1824, which chemical element, Atomic Number 14, has a name derived from the Latin for 'flint'?

Silicon   - Element information, properties and uses | Periodic Table Chemistry in its element: silicon (Promo) You're listening to Chemistry in its element brought to you by Chemistry World, the magazine of the Royal Society of Chemistry. (End promo) Meera Senthilingam For this week's element we enter the world of science fiction to explore life in outer space. Here's Andrea Sella. Andrea Sella When I was about 12, my friends and I went through a phase of reading science fiction. There the were the fantastic worlds of Isaac Asimov, Larry Niven and Robert Heinlein, involving impossible adventures on mysterious planets - the successes of the Apollo space programme at the time only helped us suspend our disbelief. One of the themes I remember from these stories was the idea that alien life forms, often based around the element silicon, abounded elsewhere in the universe. Why silicon? Well, it is often said that elements close to each other in the periodic table share similar properties and so, seduced by the age-old red herring that "carbon is the element of life", the writers selected the element below it, silicon. I was reminded of these readings a couple of weeks ago when I went to see an exhibition of work by a couple of friends of mine. Called "Stone Hole" it consisted of stunning panoramic photographs taken at extremely high resolution inside sea caves in Cornwall. As we wandered through the gallery a thought occurred to me. "Could one imagine a world without silicon?" Every single photograph was, not surprisingly, dominated by rocks based on silicon and it was a powerful reminder of the fact that silicon is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust, beaten to first place by oxygen, the element with which it invariable entangled. Silicate rocks - those in which silicon is surrounded tetrahedrally by four oxygen atoms - exist in an astonishing variety, the differences being determined by how the tetrahedra building blocks link together, and what other elements are present to complete the picture. When the tetrahedra link one to the next, one gets a mad tangle of chains looking like an enormous pot of spaghetti - the sorts of structures one gets in ordinary glass. The purest of these chain-like materials is silicon dioxide - silica - found quite commonly in nature as the colourless mineral quartz or rock crystal. In good, crystalline quartz, the chains are arranged in beautiful helices and these can all spiral to the left. Or to the right. When this happens the crystals that result are exact mirror images of each other. But not superimposable - like left and right shoes. To a chemist, these crystals are chiral, a property once thought to be the exclusive property of the element carbon, and chirality, in turn, was imagined to be a fundamental feature of life itself. Yet here it is, in the cold, inorganic world of silicon. Most grandiose of all, one can make porous 3D structures - a bit like molecular honeycombs - particularly in the presence of other tetrahedral linkers based on aluminium. These spectacular materials are called the zeolites, or molecular sieves. By carefully tailoring the synthetic conditions, one can build material in which the pores and cavities have well defined sizes - now you have a material that can be used like a lobster traps, to catch molecules or ions of appropriate size. But what of the element itself? Freeing it from oxygen is tough, it hangs on like grim death and requires brutal conditions. It was Humphrey Davy, the Cornish chemist and showman, who first began to suspect that silica must be a compound, not an element. He applied electric currents to molten alkalis and salts and to his astonishment and delight, isolated some spectacularly reactive metals, including potassium. He now moved on to see what potassium could do. Passing potassium vapour over some silica he obtained a dark material that he could then burn and convert back to pure silica. Where he pushed, others followed. In France, Thénard and Gay-Lussac carried out similar experiments using silicon fluoride. Within