Cristina Kirchner was re-elected president of which country in October 2011?

Cristina Kirchner re-elected as Argentina's president in landslide | World news | The Guardian Argentina Cristina Kirchner re-elected as Argentina's president in landslide One of country's biggest ever electoral victories makes Kirchner first woman in Latin America to retain top office Associated Press in Buenos Aires Sunday 23 October 2011 20.22 EDT First published on Sunday 23 October 2011 20.22 EDT Close This article is 5 years old The Argentinian president, Cristina Kirchner, has been re-elected with one of the widest victory margins in the country's history, a triumph that vindicated her message that she is best able to keep spreading the wealth of an economic boom. Kirchner had nearly 54% of the votes cast in Sunday's election after almost 97% of polling stations had reported. Her nearest challenger got just under 17%. "We need everyone to comprehend … that because of the popular will and this political decision, you can count on me to continue deepening this national project for the 40 million Argentines," she vowed in her victory speech before thousands of supporters on Sunday night. The goal of this "project" is to profoundly change society by using Argentina's resources to raise incomes, create jobs, restore the country's industrial capacity, reduce poverty and maintain an economic boom that has seen the country grow and reduce poverty. Since she and her predecessor as president, her husband Néstor Kirchner , first moved into Argentina's presidential palace in 2003, the income gap between the country's rich and poor has been reduced by nearly half. Meanwhile, according to the International Monetary Fund's numbers for 2002-2011, Argentina's real GDP has grown 94%, the fastest in the western hemisphere and about twice the rate of Brazil, which has also grown substantially, the economist Mark Weisbrot said. The US president, Barack Obama, "could take a lesson from this", said Weisbrot, co-director of the Centre for Economic and Policy Research in Washington. "It's an old-fashioned message of democracy: you deliver what you promise and people vote for you. It's kind of forgotten here in the US." Kirchner noted that she is Latin America's first woman to be re-elected as president, but described the victory as bittersweet, since Kirchner, who died of a heart attack almost a year ago, wasn't there to share it. "This man who transformed Argentina led us all and gave everything he had and more," she said. "Without him, without his valour and courage, it would have been impossible to get to this point." Thousands of jubilant, flag-waving people crowded into the capital's historic Plaza de Mayo to watch on a huge TV screen as she spoke from a downtown hotel, where her supporters interrupted so frequently with their chants that she told them off. She said: "The worst that people can be is small. In history, you always must be bigger still – more generous, more thoughtful, more thankful." She also vowed to protect Argentina from outside threats or special interests. "This woman isn't moved by any interest. The only thing that moves her is profound love for the country. Of that I'm responsible," she said. Kirchner was on track to win a larger share of votes than any president since Argentina's democracy was restored in 1983, when Raúl Alfonsín was elected with 52%. Her 36-point-plus lead over Hermes Binner, who finished second, was wider than any in history save the 1973 victory of her strongman hero, Juan Domingo Perón – if you count, as many Perónists do, both the 30-point margin he won on the Perónist ticket with his wife Isabel and an additional 7% he won on a second ticket with a different vice-presidential candidate, said Leandro Morganfield, a historian at the University of Buenos Aires. Kirchner's political coalition also appeared to gain strength in Congress, where it will need to form new alliances to regain the control it lost in 2009. At play were 130 seats in the lower house and 24 in the Senate. Most of the nine governors' races contested on Sunday also went to her party. Kirchner, 58, chose her 48-year-old, gu


Horology is the study of the measurement of what?

horology - definition of horology in English | Oxford Dictionaries Definition of horology in English: horology 1The study and measurement of time. Example sentences ‘I've been umming and ahhing about what to take but I think I've settled on horology.’ ‘We have to create space for them, so I got rid of a number of subjects, such as horology.’ ‘And while his father encouraged him to pursue higher studies in horology after a basic degree in engineering, he found a different calling for himself.’ ‘Sadly, on the whole, The Horizontal Instrument is far more interesting as a bluffer's guide to horology - with a few regrettable dramatic interludes.’ ‘I've got my eye on horology and small mechanisms.’ ‘Plinlimmon would seem to be offering a kind of antinomian horology at worst, at best an unctuous pragmatism of local mores.’ ‘George III was interested in horology, and Louis XVI enjoyed locksmithing.’ ‘His interest in the sciences, particularly natural history, agriculture and horology, was perfectly attuned to the spirit of entrepreneurial expansion in manufacturing that surged through the realm during his reign.’ ‘David S. Landes's Revolution in Time treats ‘clocks and the making of the modern world’ in earlier historical periods, with a good emphasis on economic history as well as horology and philosophy.’ ‘His network of contacts and friends in England reads like a who's who of experts on early tools, horology, and technology.’ ‘We repeat this same tune many times, and about the twelfth or thirteenth time, we know it's time to stop, since we have gained a century in those few minutes of horology.’ 2The art of making clocks and watches. Example sentences ‘The following year Jonathan Betts, the curator of horology at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, was contracted to survey and produce a catalogue of the collection.’ ‘Underneath the ‘ordinary ’dial is another which has a rather diabolical look, but which is simply a piece of horology that shows those star signs that tell your horoscope.’ ‘But when he lost his job through illness he knew it was time for a change - and he enrolled on a clockmaking - horology - course at City College, Manchester.’ ‘Since then, the watch-makers of Geneva have achieved an unparalleled reputation in the art of horology.’ ‘These two shows and their accompanying catalogues have spawned a new level of study based on a combination of comparative and documentary research never before seen in horology.’ Origin Early 19th century: from Greek hōra time + -logy. Pronunciation Which of the following is correct? They wore coarse linen dresses They wore course linen dresses Which of the following is correct? She was a coarse-looking woman She was a course-looking woman Which of the following is correct? Her illness had run its coarse Her illness had run its course Which of the following is correct? I had steak for my main coarse I had steak for my main course Which of the following is correct? Of coarse I care about you Of course I care about you Which of the following is correct? This wine's harsh and course This wine's harsh and coarse Which of the following is correct? My car careered off coarse My car careered off course Which of the following is correct? I took a course of antibiotics I took a coarse of antibiotics Which of the following is correct? Use a course mesh wire strainer Use a coarse mesh wire strainer Which of the following is correct? Tears coursed down her cheeks Tears coarsed down her cheeks You scored /10 practise again? Retry Most popular in the world Australia


What country features centrally and ironically in a map of Europe on the reverse face of Euro coins?

Denmark travel guide - Wikitravel UTC+1 Map of the Danish Realm. Denmark is a country in Scandinavia . The main part of it is Jutland , a peninsula north of Germany , but also with a number of islands, including the two major ones, Zealand and Funen , in Østersøen Sea between Jutland and Sweden . Once the seat of Viking raiders and later a major north European power, Denmark has evolved into a modern, prosperous nation that is participating in the general political and economic integration of Europe. However, the country has opted out of parts of the European Union's Maastricht Treaty, the European monetary system (EMU), and issues concerning certain internal affairs. Denmark is also the birthplace of one of the world's most popular toys, Lego. There is no other better place in the world where one can buy Lego bricks than at the Legoland theme park in Billund . Today Denmark is a society that is often seen as a benchmark of civilization; with progressive social policies, a commitment to free speech so strong it put the country at odds with much of the world during the 2006 cartoon crisis, a liberal social-welfare system and, according to The Economist, one the most commercially competitive. Top it off with a rich, well-preserved cultural heritage, and the Danes legendary sense of design and architecture, and you have one intriguing holiday destination. Terrain[ edit ] Denmark is home to the lowest 'highest point' in Europe; but what that exactly entails is somewhat uncertain. Ejer Baunehøj, in the Lake District region south-west of Aarhus , seems to be the highest natural point (171m with a large tower built on top to commemorate the fact), although Yding Skovhøj, some 3km away stands 2m higher owing to an ancient burial mound. Either way, the 213m tall Søsterhøj Transmission Tower (1956), with its top 315m above sea level is technically the highest point in Denmark! Overall, the terrain is dominated by mildly undulating agricultural landscapes, forests, minor lakes, extensive costal dunes, and marshes. Also, there are some scattered moors, especially in Jutland. The coastal scenery can be quite varied, and it includes the white cliffs of Møn, forested and deserted dune areas such as those near Skagen (including Råbjerg Mile and Rubjerg Knude), the cliffs of the Stevns peninsula and those of Bulbjerg and the Fur island. In Denmark, decidedly rocky scenery can only be found on Bornholm and nearby Ertholmene. Culture[ edit ] Sports are popular in Denmark, with football reigning supreme in popularity and counted as the national sport, followed by Handball, Gymnastics and Golf. Another trait of Danish culture as any tourist pamphlet will tell you, is "Hygge", translating into cosy or snug. Danes will be quick to point out that this is a unique Danish concept. However true, it does take a more prominent place in the culture compared to other countries. Hygge usually involves low key dinners at home with long conversations over candlelight and red wine in the company of friends and family, but the word is broadly used for social interactions. Another important aspect of Danish culture, is understatement and modesty, which is not only prominent in the Danish behavioural patterns. It is also very much an important trait in the famous Danish design, which dictates strict minimalism and functionalism over flashiness. The Danes are a fiercely patriotic bunch, but in a sly, low-key kind of way. They will warmly welcome visitors and show off the country, which they are rightly proud of, but any criticism - however constructive - will not be taken lightly. However, most Danes will happily spend hours to prove you wrong over a beer without becoming hostile. For the same reasons, outsiders on long term stays can be viewed with a certain amount of suspicion, as the homogeneous society is often thought to be the key to Denmark's successes. You will often hear resident foreigners complain about a constant pressure to become ever more Danish and the anti-immigrant Danish Peoples Party have seen increasing popularity over the years, taki


Patek Philippe, Vacheron Constantin, and Audemars Piguet are all notable what?

Audemars Piguet Patek Philippe Vacheron Constantin Brand Impressions ergobaby cheap beats by dre ergo baby dr dre beats ergo baby carrier australia Funny how so many things come in three's. I have been a long time fanatic about the "Big Three" (about two decades) so my thoughts on them are probably anachronistic, old guard, and traditional. But being a student of consumer psychology and brand marketing (who woulda thunk, huh?) I find public perception of them fascinating. Patek has pretty much been number one or two, for just about forever. There was a time when Vacheron may have vied for the top spot, but that was many decades ago. AP has always had the image of the young turk among the three, and the (relatively) recent date of their founding supports this. In my mind, and most of the "traditionalists" I know, Patek is the mature young king, Vacheron is the retired and fading, though still revered, King Father, and Audemars is the bright and rambunctious Crown Prince. AP is renowned for being adventurous with design and materials use, though not always so successfully. Their Royal Oak preceded PP's Nautilus, leading to a whole new category - the SS luxury sport watch, and they were (one of) the first to successfully use Tantalum, among other unusual and rare metals. Their innovativeness and technical prowess even goes back to the early 20th century - they made the first wristwatch minute repeater, for Omega, thus in effect playing the role of "the watchmaker's watchmaker." Vacheron is frequently referred to (at least among my acquaintances) as "The greatest watch of my grandfather's era" (I'm under 40), though with the popularity of retro-chic, Vacheron Constantin still commands a great "ooh" factor. I got a kick out of the time when, with about 11 other young (under 30) up and coming business execs, professionals, and bankers (I was the outsider visitor to the group), sitting around the table at a local beer pub in Taipei, the "big swinging xxxx" (he always got the seat at the head of the table, and walked out the door first, and was never the designated driver), from the other end of the 10 foot table, asked if he could see my watch, then nodded with approval and said, "I always wanted a Vacheron, ever since my grandfather told me they were the best watches in the world" after I passed it over to him. He was wearing an IWC Mark XII. Besides the ego stroke, it was a fascinating look into the mind of the next generation Watch Idiot Savant. (btw - he was a hot shot ForEx SVP for BNP) Vacheron Constantin never quite got a brand icon established in the way AP has the Royal Oak and PP has the Nautilus and Golden Ellipse (the Calatrava has too many different and differing variations to qualify as a brand icon, imho) - the 222 and the Phidias lines never really quite finding market acceptance. The Overseas line may finally work for them, but this awaits the test of time. Interesting that the Overseas owes clear design elements to both previous lines. If at first you don't succeed... So, in the spirit of your one liners, I would say that VC is the watch of your rich retired uncle (or old money), PP the "power watch" of the CEO or banker, and AP the watch of choice of artists and other avant-garde. Not sure if this is profound, but it sure is fun. I welcome comments, suggestions, and corrections to this article.


Lumia is a product brand of which phone company?

The first Microsoft-branded Windows Phone rolls out: The unremarkable Lumia 535 | PCWorld The first Microsoft-branded Windows Phone rolls out: The unremarkable Lumia 535 Senior Editor, PCWorld | Nov 10, 2014 8:00 PM PT Email a friend Use commas to separate multiple email addresses From Your message has been sent. Sorry There was an error emailing this page. More like this Build 2015: Windows 10 in 3 minutes Microsoft announced the Microsoft Lumia 535 Monday night, dropping the Nokia brand on its smartphone for the first time. Although the back of the phone is still decked out in the trademark Lumia bright colors, there’s one significant change: The phone carries the Microsoft logo, not the Nokia brand. The Microsoft Lumia 535... Unfortunately, that might be the biggest news about this phone. Although it’s available worldwide in both single- and dual-SIM variants, the Lumia 535 isn’t especially noteworthy: Microsoft calls it a “5x5x5” phone, available for about 110 euro ($136.70) in local currencies. That’s a catchy way of highlighting the 535’s 5-inch qHD display (960x540 pixels). The second “5,” according to Microsoft, is the 5MP, wide-angle, front-facing camera—most likely the same front-facing camera that’s installed on the Lumia 735. ...And the all-important Microsoft label on the back. The final “5” refers to the “five great integrated Microsoft experiences” included on the phone: built-in Skype integration, the pre-installed Microsoft Office suite, 15GB of free OneDrive cloud storage, the Cortana digital assistant, and Microsoft Outlook.  “Innovation should be available to everyone, and we are doing this through the very best integrated Microsoft services free and out-of-the-box, a 5 MP wide-angle front-facing camera and a spacious 5 inch, qHD screen – all at an affordable price,” said Jo Harlow, corporate vice president for phones at Microsoft, in a statement. According to Microsoft, the Lumia 535 measures 140.2 x 72.45 x 8.8 mm and weighs 146 grams. Inside is a relatively weak Qualcomm 200 CPU, 1GB of memory, and 8GB of storage. It does include a 128GB microSD card slot, however.  Microsoft estimates that the 1,905 mAh removeable battery will allow for GSM talk time of up to 11 hours.  All in all, the Lumia 535 probably won’t be the phone that lures the masses to the Windows Phone platform. Although the Lumia 830’s front-facing “selfie” camera is woefully underpowered, I prefer it . One app that the 830 includes, dubbed Lumia Selfie, allows you to use the rear-facing camera. That overcomes the 830’s limitation rather nicely. (Although the 830 is “cheaper” at $99 with a two-year contract, you’ll be paying AT&T a total of $450, in installments.) Why this matters: Last month, Microsoft said that it would ditch the Nokia brand to eliminate confusion in the market following the company’s $7 billion acquisition of the technology. (Nokia still exists as a company, but it focuses on networking equipment and its HERE mapping technology.) But the Nokia name will live on in low-end phones . In any case, Microsoft needs to establish itself as both the owner of the Nokia brand as well as the ecosystem that powers it. A Microsoft label is the natural place to begin.  To comment on this article and other PCWorld content, visit our Facebook page or our Twitter feed. Related:


What iconic Moscow theatre reopened in 2011 after major refurbishment and earlier decades of neglect?

RUSSIA AS I SEE HER. Yuri Abramochkin photoalbum 1960–2013 by RUSS PRESS PHOTO - issuu issuu photoalbum 1960–2013 SCANRUS PUBLISHING HOUSE Moscow, 2013 I have been collecting and preparing this photo album throughout the last 50 years of my life as a reporter. Initially, I did not quite know why I was doing it. Now that the book has seen the light of day, I would like to thank all my heroes who have enabled me to take these photographs. I am sorry that circumstances have prevented me from photographing everything I wanted to. I hope that, inÂ time, my work will become a photo chronicle of our times, my generation and my country. Yuri Abramochkin Dmitry Stepanov, Ramil Sitdikov. 2011 My conscious life began at the time that would later come to be called the “thaw”. I lost my parents early. My grandmother was both mother and father to me. After finishing secondary school in 1953, I worked for a while as a geodetic specialist on construction sites, before getting a job as a photographer. I became genuinely interested in photography. An old FED camera my father had given me became an extension of myself. In 1957, I made my first photo report about the Moscow International Youth Festival. The photos were printed in the newspaper Nash Festival (Our Festival) and that sealed my choice of future profession. In 1961, I was hired by Novosti Press Agency (APN), a prestigious organisation that produced materials for foreign consumption and had a distinctive “Western” style. I was learning the ropes of my profession and the profession was teaching me to overcome adversity, value success while not getting big-headed, help my colleagues and rejoice in their success, too. I have always wanted to know how my photographs were perceived. When working on a portrait, I try to capture my subject’s inner state. If I succeed, the emotional impact of the picture can work miracles: all sorts of people start “speaking” with the photograph, as if immersing themselves in it. As a reporter, I gravitate towards situational “living” photographs. The main thing is to capture the moment. Reportage requires “a sense of the moment” from the photographer. One has to be able to foresee what is about to happen. A modern photo reporter is equipped with technology that enables him to upload pictures that have just been taken into information channels and reach the viewer/reader immediately. Communication becomes instant and authentic. Even if the photo correspondent approaches the subject with his own vision and attitude, time will sort out the material and put everything on the proper shelf. 4 Content  Mikhail Gorbachev 6 Half a century of our life  Andrei Nechayev 7 The man who captured light  Genrikh Borovik 8 He comes from a tribe of masters  Alexander Yurikov 9 “The Golden Eye”  10 The main square  48 The first to photograph the first man in space  64 The Thaw and other manifestations of fickle weather  98 From stability to stagnation  198 2600 days in power  226 A radical at the Kremlin  252 Waiting for a century that has already come  328 The roads that choose us  334 About the author Half a century of our life Reflecting on the past is part of human nature. Even when planning for the future, people always proceed from memories of the past. This is their experience, experience of work, of dealing with people, emotional experience. No wonder diaries and memoirs are such a popular genre. But there is one special type of memory – photographs. Each of them not only packs in a vast amount of information. It stirs emotions, brings back associations, conjures up vivid memories of events. Of course, this only happens when you see the work of a true master. Yuri Abramochkin’s album “A Flight Through Time” is just such a collection of highly professional photographs. I have known Yuri Abramochkin personally for a long time. Mikhail Gorbachev He is known in and outside Russia as one of the best in his profession. He is at once a zestful photo reporter and an artist with a deep insight into what he photographs. Yet I would like to single


From Greek for gadfly, what is the sex hormonal substance which maintains/develops human female body characteristics?

Dictionary of Sexology DICTIONARY OF SEXOLOGY G. F. Pranzarone, Ph.D. Department of Psychology, Roanoke College, pranzaro@roanoke.edu The following entries represent the initial version (v. 1.0) of an online dictionary of terms for phenomena in sexuality, gender, and reproduction. Most all of these terms appear in scientific and academic reference sources in the areas of psychology, medicine, genetics, sociology, anthropology and biology. Many of these terms were coined by and first used in the writings of sexologist and psychoendocrinologist Dr. John Money, Professor emeritus in Medical Pediatrics of the Johns Hopkins Hospital Medical School and now head of the Johns Hopkins University Psychohormonal Research Unit. Consequently, the foundation of the present sexological glossary/dictionary is taken from the extensive glossaries contained in the following books by John Money: John Money (1986). Lovemaps:         Clinical Concepts of Sexual/Erotic Health and         Pathology, Paraphilia, and Gender Transposition         of Childhood, Adolescence, and Maturity. Irvington Publishers; ISBN: 0829015892. John Money and Margaret         Lamacz (Contributor) (1989). Vandalized         Lovemaps: Paraphilic Outcome of Seven Cases in         Pediatric Sexology. Prometheus Books; ISBN:         087975513X. John Money (1990). Gay, Straight, and In-Between: The Sexology of         Exotic Orientation. Oxford University Press         (Trade); ISBN: 0195063317. This glossary/dictionary follows the conventions established by the exigency/lovemap theory formulated by John Money as expressed in his writings. See also the online John Money Bibliography in Sexology. These words form the basis for a developing standardized language for communication within the emerging interdisciplinary science of sexology. The empirically based (describing what is) science of sexology is different from the less than objective perspective of sexosophy (hoping to find what should be the case based on a philosophical or religious position). See definitions in the glossary below. Rationale: The most popular sites on the Internet, and the busiest BBSs, are those which deal with aspects of sex, sexuality, gender, or reproduction. These four terms include all aspects of attraction, dating and match-making services, romance, and eroticism, at one end of the social acceptability spectrum, all the way to the extremes of some of the postings on the alt.sex usenet and the downloadable sexually explicit graphics. What is missing in all of this Internet traffic has been a standard language of communication about phenomena in sexuality, gender, and reproduction that uses terms that are precise, unambiguous, and judgment free. For example, there is the story of a young woman being examined by a physician who found her to be pregnant. She asked her patient "When I asked you earlier if you were 'sexually active' you said 'No.' But I find that you are pregnant. How can this be?" The patient answered "But Doctor, it's true. I'm not active. I just lie there." Whether this story is true or not, sexist or not, is beside the point. The point is that we all use words and terms to describe what for most of us is a difficulty topic of conversation. A brief browsing of the "sex" sites on the Internet reveals that the same words or terms can be used with a wide range of meanings and nuances. Nuance is great for romantic poetry but not for a science of sex, gender and reproduction. Contents of the         Sexological Glossary/Dictionary: 1) Terms describing         recognized psychiatric and medical sexological         syndromes 2) Terms for         genetic and endocrine conditions of sexological         significance 3) Terms referring         to attraction, love and pairbonding 4) Terms for         paraphilia (conditions otherwise known in the         vernacular as "kinky sex") 5) Terms from         anthropology describing special populations or


How many grooves are on one side of a standard 33RPM vinyl LP record?

Record Formats Why 78, 45 and 33 1/3 record formats? 1.78s: (c. 1900 - 1960) The first disc format was the 10-inch 78 rpm record, pictured above in the center, invented around 1900. The first record player was invented around 1870 by Thomas Edison, but this used cylindrical records about the size of an empty toilet paper tube. The flat 78s were much easier to store. The grooves on these records were much larger than later LPs and 45s (about 4 times as big) and the needles were larger too. 78s were recorded and played back "acoustically", without any electric amplifiers or microphones, until about 1925. 78s were obsolete by about 1960. Since the grooves are so spaced out and the records spin so fast, a standard 10-inch 78 can't hold more than about 3 minutes of music per side. They are typically made of a shellac compound (as in furniture finish!), and have the consistency of a china plate, so they are very thick and heavy and break easily. 33s / "LPs": (c. 1948 - 1990) The 33, a.k.a. the "LP" (Long Playing record) or "album", pictured above at left, was invented in 1948. These LPs were popular until around 1990 when CDs were popular enough to take over. An LP could hold up to a total of 60 minutes of music, but most didn't have more than 40 minutes. They are made of vinyl plastic rather than shellac, so they are more flexible and don't tend to break like 78s. The grooves are 4 times smaller, so they were originally called "Microgrooves" (MG), and early LPs have this written on the label. Interestingly enough, there are enough people still willing to buy "classic" albums, particularly jazz and blues, that some of the labels in those styles, like Blue Note records, Original Jazz Classics (a.k.a. Prestige, Riverside, Contemporary, New Jazz, etc) and Delmark Records are once again pressing and selling LPs for about $9 - 13 through mail order. LPs of some newer releases are available, in very limited quantities.   Because people are still willing to buy classic albums, there is still a strong market for the best record players and the industry is looking up. 45s: (c. 1949 - 1990) The 45, pictured above at right, was the alternative to the LP when you wanted to record a single pop song rather than a full album. The 45 had the same smaller-sized groove as the LP, and the center hole was larger. 45s became popular in jukeboxes, which had previously used 78s, because 45s took up less space and you could fit more songs in the box. Suddenly jukes went from offering 24 or 40 songs on 78s to having 100 to 200 songs on 45s. 45s are also made of vinyl rather than shellac, and can hold up to about 5 minutes of music on each side. 45s are still being made in limited quantities for jukebox operators who have not upgraded to newer CD jukeboxes, so you can still get some of the latest releases on 45. Does anyone know why 78 revolutions per minute was chosen as the standard rotation speed of old-fashioned gramophone records, rather than a round number such as 75 or 80 rpm? And are there convincing explanations for the choice of speeds for later EPs and LPs of 33 1/3 rpm and 45 rpm? It was Emil Berliner, the inventor of the gramophone, who determined roughly how fast old disc records should spin. He avoided Edison's need for a stylus made from precious jewels by using points which could be made from steel sewing needles and pins. The size of the stylus effectively determined the size of the grooves in a record and the recordable frequency range limited by this groove size determined a speed between 70 and 90 rpm. Standardization did not begin until 1912, when the British Gramophone Company conducted listening tests on their back catalogue. They settled on the average (or possibly the median) of these tests, which turned out to be 78 rpm. Other companies adopted this, but the process was not complete until the early 1930s. Even after this date �rogue rpm� records still appeared. After standardization problems still occurred. Because of electrical mains frequencies differences on opposite sides of the Atlantic, stroboscopic speed testers and sy


Name the Israeli corporal released in October 2011 by Palestinian Hamas militants, held hostage since June 2006?

Gilad Shalit release: Palestinians' wild celebrations as 1,000 militants are freed | Daily Mail Online Next Two faces of freedom: Palestinians' wild celebrations as 1,000 militants are released in exchange for one young Israeli soldier held hostage for five years Gilad Shalit handed over to Egyptians and returned to Israel in swap backed by nearly 80 per cent of Israelis 477 Palestinian prisoners released in return - with another 550 due to be freed in a later planned exchange In first interview Shalit says he hopes the prisoner exchange 'would contribute to peace between Israel and the Palestinians'


Name the English 1960s playwright (of Loot and Entertaining Mister Sloane), imprisoned with (and later murdered by) boyfriend Kenneth Halliwell for defacing library books in 1962?

Book, Library books and History on Pinterest Forward Joe Orton/. Playwright. Born Leicester. Came to London in 1951 as a student at RADA, where he met fellow student Kenneth Halliwell. Works include Entertaining Mr Sloane and Loot, in which he wrote the part of Inspector Truscott for his close friend Kenneth Williams. In 1962 Orton and his partner, Halliwell, were prosecuted for stealing and defacing books from the Islington Public Library. Jealous of his sexual adventures, Halliwell murdered Orton with a hammer cont.... See More


Yulia Tymoshenko, controversially jailed for seven years in 2011 for exceeding her authority in signing a Russian gas deal, was prime minister of which country?

Ukraine jails Tymoshenko for seven years — EUbusiness.com | EU news, business and politics Ukraine jails Tymoshenko for seven years 11 October 2011, 21:00 CET — filed under: Ukraine , rights , Headline , trial , politics Yulia Tymoshenko - Photo EU Council (KIEV) - A Ukrainian court Tuesday jailed ex-prime minister Yulia Tymoshenko for seven years after convicting her of abusing power, enraging the West and jeopardising Kiev's hopes of EU membership. EU foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton said the verdict would have "profound implications" for the bloc's ties with Ukraine, which had hoped this year to sign an Association Agreement in a key first step to membership. The United States bitterly condemned "a politically motivated prosecution" while Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin expressed bewilderment at the severity of the sentence. UN chief Ban Ki-moon said he "expects the judicial proceedings currently still ongoing to be conducted in a fair and impartial manne", his spokeswoman Vannina Maestracci said. In apparent recognition of the potentially devastating consequences for the country, President Viktor Yanukovych insisted the decision was not final and that he understood the European Union's anxiety over the trial. Judge Rodion Kireyev found Tymoshenko guilty of exceeding her authority while prime minister in 2009 by making the state energy company sign a 10-year gas import deal with Russia that was overly advantageous to Moscow. "The court rules that Y.V. Tymoshenko intentionally used her powers to criminal ends," Kireyev said in his judgement. "The court finds her guilty and sentences her to seven years in prison." Kireyev said Tymoshenko sustained a loss to state gas firm Naftogaz of 1.5 billion hryvnia ($190 million) by agreeing the 10-year contract and ordered her to pay back the money in full herself. Tymoshenko, her hair plaited intricately around her head and wearing an immaculate beige dress, defiantly shouted "Glory to Ukraine!" in response. "We will fight and defend my good name in the European court. We have to be strong and defend Ukraine from this authoritarianism," she said. Tymoshenko has portrayed the three-month trial as a historic fight to ensure Ukraine's future at the heart of Europe and a vendetta pursued by Yanukovych to eliminate her from politics after their tight tussle in 2010 presidential elections. Ukrainian boxing star Vitali Klitschko, who has emerged as one of Tymoshenko's most vocal champions, described the verdict as an act of "political hara-kiri" which would harm Kiev's bid for closer EU ties. Tymoshenko was later driven in a prison van back to the Lukyanovsky detention centre, where she has been held since her arrest on August 5 for contempt of court. Since coming to power, Yanukovych had sought to confound critics who portrayed him as a pro-Kremlin relic from the USSR by setting EU integration as his main aim and snubbing an offer to join a customs union with Russia. But Ashton warned that a full reassessment of the EU's ties with Kiev could be needed. "The EU is deeply disappointed with the verdict. The EU will reflect on its policies towards Ukraine," she said. US State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland said Washington was "deeply disappointed" by the decision to jail Tymoshenko and said the verdict raised "serious concern" over Ukraine's commitment to democracy. Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin, who oversaw the signing of the 2009 deal, said he did not "completely understand why she has been given these seven years," according to the government website. Putin said it was "dangerous and counterproductive to question this set of agreements" signed with Ukraine on Russian gas imports. The Russian foreign ministry meanwhile complained that it saw a "clear anti-Russian subtext" to the case. France, Germany and Poland all condemned the outcome of the trial. But Yanukovych said that the court of appeal still lay ahead and also appeared to allude to moves to decriminalise the statute in the criminal code under whi


Actress Marzieh Vafamehr was sentenced to 90 lashes and a year in prison after appearing in an Australian film critical of what country, her homeland?

Marzieh Vafamehr: Iranian actress sentenced to 90 lashes | Daily Mail Online An Iranian actress who made a film challenging the limits imposed on artists in the Islamic republic has been sentenced to 90 lashes and a year in jail. Actress Marzieh Vafamehr was handed the sentence on Saturday, according to a Iranian opposition website Kalameh.com. 'A verdict has been issued for Marzieh Vafamehr, sentencing her to a year in jail and 90 lashes. Her lawyer has appealed the sentence,' the website stated. Scroll down for trailer Arrest: Marzieh Vafamehr was first questioned by police in July after appearing in My Tehran For Sale (pictured) which came under criticism in conservative circles Vafamehr was arrested in July after appearing in My Tehran For Sale, which came under harsh criticism in conservative circles. The film, produced in collaboration with Australia, tells the story of a young actress in Tehran whose theatre work is banned by the authorities. RELATED ARTICLES Share She is then forced to lead a secret life in order to express herself artistically. The film was part of the official selection for the Toronto International Film Festival in 2009. The Fars news agency said the movie had not been approved for screening in Iran and was being distributed in the country illegally. Controversial plot: Vafamehr in a still from My Theran For Sale, which tells the story of a young actress whose theatre work is banned by the authorities Damning subtitles: In one scene, where Vafamehr's character returns to her family home, she is told that her visit is not appreciated by all Vafamehr was released in late July after posting unspecified bail. She is not the only person in the Iranian film industry to face harsh treatment. The government arrested a further six independent filmmakers last month, on charges of collaborating with the BBC to show the country in a poor light.  Two of them, Naser Saffarian and Mohsen Shahrnazdar, who were accused of providing the BBC's Farsi foreign language service with information, films and secret reports to paint "a black picture of Iran and Iranians," were released Saturday, the Iranian Documentary Filmmakers Association said. Criticism: My Tehran For Sale, a film about a young actress in Tehran, was being distributed in Iran illegally, according to Fars news agency Vafamehr's family had requested a Western media blackout of the case since her arrest, but Iranian opposition website Kalameh.com went public with news of the actress's punishment yesterday. The co-producer of the film, Kate Croser of Cyan Films, told News.co.au that she had offered assistance to the family. But she added: 'There is an appeal, which could be lengthy, and the family may still believe that public comment will be unhelpful - because they are going through all the official channels. 'We can say the charges were that there was no permit for filming, which is not true, and that in some scenes Marzieh was not wearing a hijab and had a shaved head.'


The UK's most senior civil servant has traditionally held what post?

Cameron reveals civil servants who earn more than him | The Independent Cameron reveals civil servants who earn more than him Monday 31 May 2010 23:00 BST Click to follow Indy Politics More than 170 top civil servants receive bigger salaries than the Prime Minister, figures released today by the Cabinet Office disclosed. They are each paid more than the £150,000 to which David Cameron was entitled until he took a £7,500 pay cut when he arrived in office last month. Between them they earn £29.2m. The first civil service pay league table will be required reading for the mandarins – and many of their staff – this morning. They may be puzzled over a series of apparent anomalies: why does Sir Nicholas Macpherson, permanent secretary at the Treasury for the last five years (£175,000– £179,999) earn £15,000 less than his counterpart at the Department for International Development, Nemat Shafik? Why does Jonathan Stephens, permanent secretary at the Department for Culture Media and Sport, on up to £159,999, receive £70,000 less than Jeremy Beeton, who heads the Government's Olympics watchdog? In this case the answer appears to be the cost of head-hunting Mr Beeton from his previous employer, an American building firm. Top of the list is John Fingleton, chief executive of the Office of Fair Trading, whose annual package, including taxable benefits and allowances, is between £275,000 and £279,999. The head of the National Health Service, David Nicholson, receives remuneration worth up to £259,999, which includes the use of a rented flat in London. Health service unions have protested that the salaries of senior NHS executives have soared while nurses received below-inflation rises. The Chief of the Defence Staff, Air Chief Marshal Sir Jock Stirrup, gets up to £244,999. The new Government ordered the release of the salary details, which were grouped into bands of £5,000, as part of a drive for greater transparency in the public sector. The pay of some career civil servants is outstripped by colleagues recruited from the private sector. Joe Harley, who is responsible for the computer systems at the Department of Work and Pensions, earns up to £249,999. He has spent much of his career in the oil industry. Clare Chapman, the director general of workforce for the Department of Health, who is on up to £224,999, previously worked for Tesco and Pepsi Cola. The most senior civil servant, Sir Gus O'Donnell, who has advised three prime ministers as Cabinet Secretary is fifth in the pay league table. He is paid £239,999 – almost £100,000 more than his political masters. Lin Homer, the chief executive of the UK Border Agency, receives up to £209,999. Her spell running the immigration service has been hit by controversy, including the failure to deport foreign criminals. Sir Liam Donaldson, the Chief Medical officer, who took the lead in preparations for swine flu last year, earns up to £209,000. James Hall, the chief executive of the Passport and Identity Service, earns up to £209,999. He was responsible for launching the previous Government's national identity card scheme – and will now take charge of dismantling it. Keir Starmer, the Director of Public Prosecutions, earns up to £199,999. Most permanent secretaries – heads of Whitehall departments – earn between £180,000 and £200,000. Nigel Sheinwald is paid up to £179,999 as Ambassador to the United States. The same salary was earned by Sir Peter Ricketts as permanent under secretary at the Foreign Office, its most senior civil service job. He left last month to become the Government's security adviser. The publication of the pay and perks enjoyed in Whitehall came after Mr Cameron condemned the "cloak of secrecy" around much of the workings of government. Top salaries in the public sector John Fingleton (chief executive, Office of Fair Trading, £275,000 – £279,999) Grew up on a dairy farm in Ireland. Spent nine years lecturing in economics at Trinity College, Dublin and headed the Irish Competition Authority. David Nicholson (chief executive, National Health Service, £255,000 – £259,999) A


The Omega Speedmaster is claimed (at 2011) to be the only watch worn on the?

Originally published in International Wristwatch Number 62, December 2002 July 20, 1969 is without doubt one of the most significant dates in the history of the storied Omega Watch Company of Bienne, Switzerland. Carried into space and worn on the moon by NASA astronaut Edwin �Buzz� Aldrin on that date, Omega�s Speedmaster Professional chronograph became the first (and, Omega has claimed, only) watch to be worn on the surface of the moon. Other reporters and horological historians have, in great detail, chronicled the association of the Speedmaster with NASA, and the successful marketing that has ensued. This article focuses on a single Speedmaster model: the remarkable watch introduced by Omega in late 1969 to commemorate the historic Apollo XI mission to the moon. The First of its Kind The 1969 Commemorative Speedmaster, model BA 145.022-69, was the first Speedmaster ever made of gold. Aside from the case material, the only differences between it and the NASA-issue Speedmasters are the gold dial, burgundy bezel, and the inscriptions on the back. Its heart is the same Calibre 861 as the steel model; the same as Omegas worn by NASA astronauts from 1969 until the revised Calibre 1861 became the standard movement in the Speedmaster �Moon Watch� in the mid-1990s. . Initially, the Apollo XI Commemorative �was offered to each of the astronauts active at that time at a gala dinner November 25, 1969 at Hotel Warwick in Houston.� The first thirty watches were, according to John Diethelm of Omega Public Relations, �created in tribute to the sensational exploit of Man's first landing on the Moon.� Numbers 3 through 28 were personalized and presented to astronauts in NASA�s space program. The lower numbers were reserved for those astronauts who had been with NASA the longest. Each of these first 30 watches was inscribed with the slogan: to mark man�s conquest of space with time, through time, on time Additionally, the astronaut�s watches were inscribed with their name and rank (if any), and the names of the missions which they had flown to date. ( Click here to see a list of recipients of watches and the historic events in which they participated.) The watches numbered 1 and 2 in the series, having been refused by their intended recipients, presently reside in the Omega museum in Switzerland. Number two was created for then-Vice President Spiro T. Agnew. Number one was intended for then-President of the United States Richard M. Nixon. Each of these was inscribed with the man�s title in place of the space mission information found on the astronaut watches. Omega intended to take this historic opportunity to follow a precedent set by other Swiss watchmakers. Several Swiss houses had previously made a gift of a timepiece to an American president and capitalized on the presidential ownership. Revue-Thommen markets its Cricket alarm watch as that worn by Lyndon B. Johnson. Rolex�s �President� day-date model is reputedly so-named because it was the watch worn by Dwight D. Eisenhower. Similarly, an example of Jaeger-LeCoultre�s Atmos clock is routinely presented to foreign dignitaries during their official visits to Switzerland. The saga of Omega�s premier solid gold Speedmaster Professional does not end with the watches delivered in 1969 to these noteworthy personalities. According to an Antiquorum auction catalog from their October 1995 sale in Geneva, �an initial series of 50 to 100 pieces was produced, followed by subsequent series until a total of 1014 pieces was reached in 1973. Correspondence with Omega revealed that they offered a small series for sale to the public early in 1970 which, due to unexpected demand, was expanded to the entire production of 1014 watches, all made in 1969. A run of the later numbers (Nos. 1001 to 1008) was given in 1972 to astronauts from Apollo 14, 15, 16 and 17. As Mr. Diethelm indicated, all the others, �up to N� 1014, have been sold or distributed for very special occasions.� The watches that were sold to the public are identical to the others but for the engraving. The inscription on the caseback w


Name the Glasgow-born guitar virtuoso and 1960s founder of the band Pentangle who died age 67 in 2011?

Folk Legend Bert Jansch Dies At 67 | Pollstar Folk Legend Bert Jansch Dies At 67 08:31 AM Wednesday 10/5/11 | | Tweet He was quiet, modest, uncomfortable in the spotlight – not looking for No. 1 hits or commercial ditties. But when Bert Jansch picked up an acoustic guitar, people listened, often spellbound by his subtle innovation and mastery. Jansch, who died of lung cancer Wednesday at the age of 67, was a virtuoso, hailed by the likes of Led Zeppelin’s Jimmy Page , Canadian rocker Neil Young and Johnny Marr of the Smiths as a force to be reckoned with, and learned from. Crossroads Guitar Festival, Toyota Park, Bridgeview, Ill. June 26, 2010 |   He was at the center of the British folk revival of the late 1960s and early 1970s at a time when British music – led by the Beatles, The Rolling Stones and The Who – dominated much of the pop world. In an era of earsplitting supergroups like Cream , known for their volume and pounding drums, he was a founder of Pentangle, a nuanced, visionary mix of folk and jazz music that found a huge audience for its complex arrangements and stunning musicianship. His solo career was bookended by the outstanding “Bert Jansch” album in 1965 – recorded on borrowed guitars – and the critically acclaimed “Black Swan” CD released in 2006. Young, who earlier this year invited Jansch to open for him on an extended concert tour, said that Jansch created a new approach to the acoustic guitar much as Jimi Hendrix changed the sound of the electric guitar. John Barrow, Jansch’s U.K. concert booking agent, said Jansch remained an influential figure even when his music was out of fashion. “I’ve been his agent for just over 10 years and when I met him he was at a low ebb and not really getting the recognition he deserved,” Barrow said. “But it is a measure of the man that he had at that point continued playing in a pub in Carnaby Street in London. Even at that time Liam and Noel Gallagher from Oasis were turning up at that pub to listen to him.” Spartanburg Memorial Auditorium, Spartanburg, S.C. May 30, 2010 |   Jansch, who was born in Scotland, was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Music in 2007 by Edinburgh Napier University. Guitarist Haftor Medboe , a musician in residence at the university, said Jansch had a distinctive sound that was difficult to define. “Bert was a musician who was genuinely unique and was able to cross genres,” he said. “He was a virtuoso player and could create incredible sounds from his guitar, but he was also very soulful and imbued the instrument with a passion and elegance on a par with any of the great guitarists. It is no surprise that so many great artists name check him as an influence. He was the quintessential musician’s musician.” Jansch was also a prolific songwriter. He has been recognized by Rolling Stone magazine as one of the top 100 guitarists of all time. Pentangle was hailed by critics and fans for providing modern renditions of classic folk songs, helping to keep traditional music alive and vibrant, and also for innovative, jazz-inflected new material. They attracted a substantial following in an era when Bob Dylan , Donovan , Fairport Convention and others were looking to traditional acoustic sounds for inspiration. Jansch’s final performance was at a Pentangle concert at London’s Royal Festival Hall on Aug. 1, spokesman Mick Houghton said. Houghton, who had known Jansch since his early days on the music scene, said the guitarist died at the Marie Curie Hospice in north London. Jansch had recently been forced to cancel several planned solo concerts because of his failing health. “I don’t know anyone who had less of a sense of celebrity. He was always very self-effacing and critical adulation was completely irrelevant to him,” Houghton said. Folk singer Eddi Reader called Jansch “a gentle, gentle gentleman.” In a message on Twitter she said: “God speed, darlin’ Bert – get us on the guest list.” Jansch is survived by his wife, Loren, and son, Adam. --Associated Press


What is common name of the clear flammable early anaesthetic liquid with the formula C2H5OC2H5 (or CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3)?

ether - definition of ether in English | Oxford Dictionaries Definition of ether in English: ether noun 1Chemistry A pleasant-smelling colourless volatile liquid that is highly flammable. It is used as an anaesthetic and as a solvent or intermediate in industrial processes. Example sentences ‘Although ether was once a popular anesthesia agent, its use is now strongly discouraged.’ ‘In the recent past dentists were instrumental in the introduction of diethyl ether and nitrous oxide.’ ‘The animals were anesthetized with diethyl ether, and their abdomens were opened by a midline incision.’ ‘To knock someone out, ether would have to be applied in a highly concentrated form (such as an ether-soaked rag).’ ‘The lipid was redissolved in diethyl ether that was then re-evaporated under nitrogen to complete dryness.’ 1.1[count noun] Any organic compound with a similar structure to ether, having an oxygen atom linking two alkyl or other organic groups: ‘methyl t-butyl ether’ More example sentences ‘Vinyl ethers are made by addition of alcohols to acetylene.’ ‘In the most recent case with farmed salmon, the culprit chemical compound is polybrominated diphenyl ethers, or PBDEs, used widely as flame retardants in furniture and electronic goods.’ ‘Included among these compounds are some of the best known of all chemical families, including the hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes and ketones, and organic acids.’ ‘Cosmetics tested were found to contain a variety of industrial chemicals, including phthalates (reproductive toxins) and glycol ethers (neurotoxins).’ ‘The chemicals included aliphatic hydrocarbons, glycol ethers, isopropanol, limonene, naphtha, oils, and varnishes.’ ‘The emissions from surface-treated wood-based materials mainly originated from the oils and lacquers, and were mainly alcohols, unsaturated aldehydes, esters, glycol ethers, and glycol esters.’ 2literary The clear sky; the upper regions of air beyond the clouds: ‘nasty gases and smoke disperse into the ether’ More example sentences


The famous geological/geographical feature Chesil Beach in Dorset, England, is a natural coastal barrier made of?

Chesil Beach Chesil Beach Chesil Beach Background information Chesil Beach, sometimes called Chesil Bank by locals, is an 18 mile (29km) long, 200 metre wide and 18 metre high shingle tombolo in Dorset, southern England. The beach is part of the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site. The tombolo of Chesil Beach connects the Isle of Portland, a limestone island in the English channel to Abbotsbury, though it continues westwards to West Bay near Bridport. It is the largest tombolo in the United Kingdom and it forms a large lagoon (the Fleet) on its shoreward side. The beach is steep, showing a clear storm beach. Pebbles on the beach are graded, with the coarser stones nearer to Portland. Fishermen familiar with the beach claim to be able to tell their location from pebble size alone. The pebbles are mainly flint and chert from the Cretaceous and Jurassic rocks which make up this stretch of the Heritage Coast, along with bunter pebbles, possibly from Budleigh Salterton, although no universally accepted geological theory has been formulated to explain the mode of transport. At the Isle of Portland end of the beach, the beach curves round sharply to form Chesil Cove. This part of the beach protects the low lying village of Chiswell from flooding. The beach provides shelter from the prevailing winds and waves for the town of Weymouth and the village of Chiswell, which otherwise would probably not exist. From West Bay to Cliff End the beach is piled up against the cliff. At Cliff End a hollow forms behind the beach and at Abbotsbury a stretch of muddy saline (or brackish) water called the Fleet (a lagoon) begins. The Fleet is home to many wading birds and Abbotsbury Swannery, and fossils can be found in the sand. Both Chesil Beach and the Fleet Lagoon are a Site of Special Scientific Interest, whilst the view of the beach from Abbotsbury has been voted by Country Life magazine as Britain's third best view. Formation of Chesil is still under debate but the favoured theory is that it is a product of glacial outwash. A forerunner probably existed several miles offshore 120,000 years ago. Rising sea levels caused erosion of deposits and wave action drove the material towards the mainland in the direction of the prevailing wind forming the beach we see today. Sea defences at Chiswell Sea defences have been constructed at intervals at the Portland end of the Chesil Beach to try to alleviate the overtopping and flooding problems, and fairly recently a flood drainage channel scheme has been dug. Artificial changes to the world-famous, natural geomorphological feature of the Chesil Bank have strongly opposed, but, nevertheless, the existence of a village behind a beach which the sea at intervals overcomes has inevitably resulted in the engineering developments. The existing housing has been present there for a long time and needed some protection, but any further housing development in the area will undoubtedly result in due course in further damaging and costly sea defences. Site overview Chesil Beach - Beach processes: Key points What feature is Chesil Beach and what reasons have been suggested for its formation? How do coastal processes affect beach structure? How does beach material vary across a storm beach? The importance of Chesil beach as a natural defence How can physical environments be managed to preserve their characteristics yet meet people's need for recreation Project/hypothesis ideas Is there a relationship between pebble size and angle of the beach? Does longshore drift will cause a lateral grading of sediment along the beach in the direction of the prevailing wind? Too many visitors to a honeypot site can do as much damage as natural erosion What are the impacts of the management schemes on Chesil? Tips/pitfalls Make sure that the profile follows a straight line, have a third ranging pole or spot on the horizon to line up with Shield gun clinometers from the wind When measuring pebble size collect them at random to avoid altering the results with the biggest prettiest colour ones Data collection Chesil Beach - Chiswell se


At the outset of a major demonstration against capitalist greed and recklessness in London in October 2011, what group did the Rev Giles Fraser ask to leave the steps of St Paul's Cathedral?

Thinking Anglicans: October 2011 Archives Andrew Brown has written at Cif belief St Paul’s must change direction . After the resignation of its dean, St Paul’s must negotiate a peaceful settlement with the protesters, as quickly as possible. The resignation of the dean of St Paul’s Cathedral, Graeme Knowles, has landed responsibility for the crisis with the bishop of London, Richard Chartres. If the dean’s sacrifice is not to be in vain, the bishop must reverse his policy within the next 24 hours, and preferably by tomorrow morning. The alternatives are very much worse. The bishop has a simple choice. Either he plans to throw all the protesters out, or he acquiesces in the presence of some sort of camp right outside his front door for the indefinite future. The lawyers, and perhaps the health-and-safety people, believe he must expel the protesters. The rest of the church sees clearly that this would be wrong in principle, and hugely damaging to the reputation of Christianity. There’s no tidy way out of this, but there is a wrong one, which is to continue digging the grave Knowles had with such effort prepared for the Church of England’s reputation. The bishop will have to defy his own lawyers and negotiate a peaceful settlement with the protesters. Since he must do this, he had best do it at once. To wait for a week and then change his mind would be nearly as disastrous as settling for expulsion…. Posted by Simon Sarmiento on Monday, 31 October 2011 at 5:44pm GMT | Comments (13) | TrackBack You can make a Permalink to this if you like Dean of St Paul's to resign Updated 8 pm press release from St Paul’s Cathedral: Dean of St Paul’s Cathedral announces intention to resign (31 October 2011) St Paul’s, 31 October 2011 The Dean of St Paul’s Cathedral, the Rt Rev Graeme Knowles, announced his intention to resign from his post this afternoon. He made his decision known to the Chapter and to the Bishop of London last night and has removed himself from Cathedral operations with immediate effect. He intended to submit his resignation as Dean of St Paul’s to HM the Queen today. In the light of the Dean’s resignation, the Chapter has unanimously voted to request the Bishop of London to assist them in providing an independent voice on the ongoing situation at St Paul’s. The Bishop has had no part to date in the discussions and decisions made by Chapter and it is felt his input is now required… Archbishop of Canterbury issues statement: Archbishop’s statement on resignation of the Dean of St Paul’s The Archbishop of Canterbury has issued the following statement on the resignation of the Dean of St Paul’s: “The announcement today of the resignation of the Dean of St Paul’s, coming as it does in the wake of the resignation of Canon Giles Fraser last week, is very sad news. The events of the last couple of weeks have shown very clearly how decisions made in good faith by good people under unusual pressure can have utterly unforeseen and unwelcome consequences, and the clergy of St Paul’s deserve our understanding in these circumstances. Graeme Knowles has been a very distinguished Dean of St Paul’s, who has done a great deal to strengthen the pastoral and intellectual life of the Cathedral and its involvement in the life of London. He will be much missed, and I wish him and Susan well in whatever lies ahead.” The Archbishop also said: “The urgent larger issues raised by the protesters at St Paul’s remain very much on the table and we need – as a Church and as society as a whole – to work to make sure that they are properly addressed.” Update Video of the entire press conference, including Q and A, is now available here . Posted by Simon Sarmiento on Monday, 31 October 2011 at 2:22pm GMT | Comments (7) | TrackBack You can make a Permalink to this if you like Categorised as: Church of England St Paul's Cathedral: Monday morning media reports See preceding article for Guardian reports. But the front page picture of the Dean of St Paul’s is here . Telegraph And by way of historical background, Boris Johnson writes about Mellitus, the sa


Which large automotive and musical corporation has a logo comprising three crossed tuning forks?

JoeNeese : Entertainment Technology Amina Technologies Amina Technologies Ltd is the world’s leading supplier of custom, high-performance invisible loudspeaker solutions. Using a revolutionary diffuse sound radiator technology, Amina provides extremely high performance invisible loudspeakers for homes and businesses, and offers a solutionsbased approach to architects, interior designers, and anyone who wants truly amazing sound without seeing speakers....  [Read more] APC From corporate data centers to home offices, APC is regarded as an innovator, designer, and manufacturer of high quality availability solutions. With a proven reputation for Legendary Reliability®, leading companies depend on APC every day to protect and support many of the most critical networks in the world, including those at Microsoft, Toyota Motor Sales, Inc., and IBM. Over the last 20 years,...  [Read more] Audyssey Audyssey Laboratories was conceived at the prestigious Immersive Audio Laboratory at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, California. Dr. Sunil Bharitkar, Philip Hilmes, Prof. Tomlinson Holman, and Prof. Chris Kyriakakis were all involved in conceiving and creating the technology that was the basis for “spinning out” the company in July, 2002. In late 1996, after a fierce competition...  [Read more] Berkline Berkline’s company’s history is cut, nailed, glued and sewn into every product they create. This legacy began in 1928, when a craftsman by the name of Jacob Popkin founded Berkline in Springfield, Massachusetts. His goal was to create comfortable, quality furniture at a fair price. In 1937, he expanded the company to Morristown, Tennessee, their headquarters ever since. As a recognized leader...  [Read more] Boston Acoustics Founded in 1979, Boston Acoustics, Inc. designs, manufactures, and markets high-performance audio systems for home audio/video systems, after-market and OEM automotive systems, and custom-installations. Boston Acoustics ability to combine high performance with elegance has led to a wide range of innovative products that deliver clear, authentic sound from the bedroom to the backyard, and out into...  [Read more] Bryston Bryston Ltd. is a Canadian company which has been designing and manufacturing state of the art specialty electronics to both the professional and consumer audio marketplaces for over a quarter century. Bryston has a major commitment to produce the most accurate and reliable product available. They maintain an extensive research and development division which is constantly looking for ways to improve...  [Read more] CEDIA The Custom Electronic Design & Installation Association (CEDIA) is an international trade association of companies that specialize in planning and installing electronic systems for the home. These systems include home networking, home automation and communication systems, media rooms, single or multi-room entertainment systems, and integrated whole-house subsystems providing lighting control,...  [Read more] Chief Manufacturing Chief has more than 30 years of proven product and service excellence in the Audio Visual industry, providing top quality mounting solutions for projectors, monitors, and flat panel TVs. Committed to responding to industry needs in Commercial, Residential and Workstation/IT markets, Chief is dedicated to producing solutions that packed with form, function, and flexibility. Chief designs state-of-the-art...  [Read more] Control4 While the home automation market continues to grow each year, current solutions only address customers who are building high-end custom homes or doing major reconstruction on an existing home. Homeowners need a more affordable way to automate their existing homes without the headaches and expense of major remodeling. And they want to be able to add new products over time as they are able to afford...  [Read more] “Connecting the Wires” vs. Calibration There’s a big difference between “connecting” a stereo and calibrating a home theater. The first produces sound, the second pulls you into the experience! If you’re i


What common scientific suffix (referring to having a productive quality) is from the French/Greek word loosely meaning 'born of a specific kind'?

Xurnese grammar Typographical conventions Boldface is used for standard Xurnese words, italics for other languages. As a corollary, boldface single letters or digraphs refer to graphemes; thus I write b or au instead of <b> or <au>. Within the text, English glosses of single words are given in quotes (i.e. šun ‘language’), which extends without confusion to other langauges (Wede:i bo ‘one’). Phrases and sentences however are glossed in italics: Oyes ende yu šu May your path be pleasant.   Full sentences are normally accompanied by a morpheme-by-morpheme gloss, and a free English equivalent. In these glosses, Pronouns are abbreviated by person and number: 2s = second person singular. This is briefer and more accurate than using English pronouns. Grammatical elements are capitalized: e.g. PERF = perfective, SUB = subordinator. A hyphen separates morphemes; a dot indicates multi-word glosses. Thus not.know-PAST.3s for zeynuči indicates that zeyn- is a single morpheme meaning ‘not know’, while -uči is a fused morpheme expressing both past tense and third person singular. Discussions of a linguistic feature generally use color to highlight instances of that feature. In the section on auxiliaries, for instance, the auxiliaries in a sentence are shown in green: Yes mavis šač I don’t love you. In the transformations section, green and blue highlight entire structures so it’s clear what moves where. Family relationships Xurnese, the language of their major rivals at sea, has been studied for many centuries by the Verdurians, who call it ahuenaš. They found it difficult but fascinating, and so little suspected its relation to Verdurian that it was used as an argument against the first philologists, who boldly theorized that all languages derived from one. “Show us how we’re related to that,” ran the taunt. In fact Xurnese is a member of the Axunaic branch of the Eastern language family to which Verdurian also belongs. Modern linguists can trot out many similar words (e.g. rama/rana ‘frog’, tas/ta ‘we’, mul/mole ‘soft’) to show this, as well as dissimilar-sounding but related pairs (xu ‘bad’ / čelt ‘evil’, rae/lädan ‘go’, šic/hep ‘seven’). The affinity has been disguised not only by sound changes, but by semantic and lexical divergence. Xurnese has inherited many words from the Wede:i civilization which preceded it in Xengiman (for details see the Axunašin grammar), as well as from the Skourene and Tžuro cultures it has interacted and struggled with. Though we say Corauši derives from Axunašin, it’s actually more complicated than that.  Before the rise of Axunai, Curau (then named Tural) spoke a variety closer to Mounšun, the dialect of Tannaza. During imperial times the speech of the delta supplanted local dialects throughout Šuzep, the middle Xengi, but without erasing some distinctive local vocabulary and language features. Old Xurnese, the language of the early Xurnese empire (fl. 2700) and the direct ancestor of modern Xurnese, derives from this somewhat divergent form of Axunašin. Modern Inegri dialect was, in turn, strongly influenced by the language of Curau, which was for a time the larger city. So in some ways Inegri is not a purely straightforward descendant of Axunašin either. The case is similar to that of Italian, which derives not from Rome but Florence. The Xurnese sound system is as follows: corresponding to the transliterations: Consonants The b/v distinction is not phonemic; this is a single phoneme pronounced [b] initially and [v] between vowels. I write the allophones distinctly as a frank concession to English speakers (and in imitation of Verdurian transliterations). The use of c and k does not follow Verdurian: c represents /ts/ and k is /k/. C is phonemic, though barely; cf. the minimal pair ceš ‘this one’ / teš ‘halves’. D and dz are also phonemic (cf. dus ‘house’ / dzus ‘in back of’) but even less so, since dz cannot occur finally. Using a digraph for dz reflects Xurnese usage; a word like jadzíes ‘sculptor’ may be written jad-zi-es, whereas c is never split up into *ts. Somewhat confusingly


What Canadian technology service suffered a major internet outage in October 2011, angering millions of its customers unable to use its email and popular 'messenger' services, and prompting calls for its owners to sell up and exit?

ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ 20 Carlton Street, Suite 1032, Toronto, ONï¿½ M5B 2H5 ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ (416) 677-5883 ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ langfieldent@rogers.com ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ www.langfieldentertainment.com LE NEWSLETTER October 13, 2011 Hope all the Canadians out there enjoyed their Thanksgiving long weekend and enjoyed all the trimmings.  Overdid it?  Check out my FITNESS section for some tips for getting back on track.  This week's news features news on various subjects including the recent (and ongoing) problems with Blackberry, Canadian rapper Peter Jackson and the concert scene, Morris Day and The Time makes a comeback, the Canadian Comedy Awards and a documentary on Steve Nash.  Check it out under TOP STORIES . Next week I'll be featuring some news on some special events so stay tuned! I hope you do more than just scroll to your entertainment news, but click on the articles too!  Just click on the photo or the headline and you'll get directly to the article and your latest entertainment news! ::TOP STORIES:: Blackberry Glitch Spreads To Canada, Users Are Cut Off For A Third Day Source: www.thestar.com - Toronto Star wire services (Oct 12, 2011) Technical glitches that have affected millions of BlackBerry users around the world spread to Canada and the United States on Wednesday morning as outages were reported for the smartphoneï¿½s text, email and web browsing services by some users. The three-day disruption to BlackBerry services comes just two days before rival Apple's new iPhone 4S goes on sale. ï¿½I have not received a single email to my phone since last night,ï¿½ a Star reader said. ï¿½Browsing the web is slow, five minutes load time for Wikipedia. No notifications are coming in for any of my applications.ï¿½ RIM advised clients of an outage in the Americas and said it was working to restore services as customers in Europe, the Middle East, Africa and India continued to suffer patchy email and no access to browsing and messaging. Canadian customers respond to outage RIM, which had said on Tuesday services had returned to normal, said later it was still working to resolve the problem. ï¿½The messaging and browsing delays ... were caused by a core switch failure within RIMï¿½s infrastructure,ï¿½ it said. ï¿½As a result, a large backlog of data was generated and we are now working to clear that backlog and restore normal service.ï¿½ The list of affected regions included Europe, the Middle East, Africa and some areas of South America, as well as Asian markets including Ho


What hugely popular annual celebration takes its name from the Sanskrit for 'row of lamps'?

Favorite Festival Holi Free Essays Favorite Festival Holi Holi The Holi celebration is most commonly celebrated by the Hindu faith and is unique to its kind. It was a little out of... the norm form for me because this type of thing isn’t what I have experienced ever in my life. There was a variety of colors and music that was played throughout the experience. The Hindu people allowed guests to enter their temple, without shoes, and dance and worship along with them to their music. The day that Holi is celebrated is known as the Dhuli Vandana in Sanskrit... Hinduism, Hiranyakashipu, Holi 777  Words | 3  Pages Holi - the Festival of Colours The Festival of Colours Holi is a popular, religious festival that is celebrated by Hindus. It is often referred... to as the ‘festival of colours’ because of the famous ritual that it has bore. It originated in India and is celebrated near the end of the winter season, on the last day of the lunar month. This usually falls in late February, or early March. Holi is a celebration of various legends, such as the legend of Prahlad and Hiranyakshyap. It stated that there was once a demon king named... Bonfire, Festival, Hiranyakashipu 1197  Words | 3  Pages My Favorite Chinese Festival My Favorite Chinese Festival The Mid-autumn is my favorite Chinese festival. It always falls on the... 15th day of August, but this year is on 29th September. “This wonderful tale is a depiction of a Chinese family coming together and preparing to celebrate the moon with a nighttime picnic that embraces their Chinese customs with glowing lanterns and includes traditional dishes, such as the moon cakes, pomelos, and tea.”(LIN 94) A few days before the festival, everyone in the family will help to... Chang'e, Chinese calendar, Han Chinese 1052  Words | 3  Pages An Essay on Holi Holi » Holi Festival » History of Holi History of Holi Holi is an... ancient festival of India and was originally known as 'Holika'. The festivals finds a detailed description in early religious works such as Jaimini's Purvamimamsa-Sutras and Kathaka-Grhya-Sutras. Historians also believe that Holi was celebrated by all Aryans but more so in the Eastern part of India.  It is said that Holi existed several centuries before Christ. However, the meaning of the festival is believed to have changed... Barsana, Festival, Hiranyakashipu 1142  Words | 4  Pages Festivals Festivals and fairs of rajastan BRIJ FESTIVAL Staged a few days before Holi (March) in the Brij area around... Bharatpur, it celebrates the festival of spring with spontaneus expressions of music and dance. DESERT FESTIVAL Place: Jaisalmer Time: January-February Rites & Rituals The otherwise barren land of Jaisalmer comes to life and displays some cherished moments of its illustrious past and affluent culture. Traditional dances backed by high-pitched music create an out-of-this-world environment... Bikaner, Forts in Rajasthan, Jaipur 1307  Words | 5  Pages National Festivals 3 National festivals Independence Day Independence Day, August 15, commemorates the day in 1947 when India achieved freedom from British... rule. The day is celebrated to commemorate the birth of the world`s biggest democracy as a national festival. Till Independence, there is no true national festival that the whole country could take part of. Independence Day, beginning as a day to commemorate the greatest moment in Indian history, has now come to signify a feeling of nationalism, solidarity... Bihar, Diwali, Festivals in India 2288  Words | 6  Pages The Festival she couldn't care less. "Michael, it's summer, and you get a full 12 hours of sleep not matter what time you crash." She had a point there. "Anyways, you... remember how we talked about trying to get you into working staff for this years Harry Brown festival?" "Yeah?" Now she really caught my attention. "Well I made a few calls this morning and now you're all signed up. Start packing clothes to last you for the weekend and any other essentials you can think of. You'll be staying with me and Matt... 2007 singles, Billboard Hot 100 numbe


The Easterlin Paradox concerns the relationship between?

Can Money Buy Happiness? A Macroeconomic View of the Easterlin Paradox | The Harvard Undergraduate Research Journal Can Money Buy Happiness? A Macroeconomic View of the Easterlin Paradox Can Money Buy Happiness? A Macroeconomic View of the Easterlin Paradox January 27, 2013 Can Money Buy Happiness? A macroeconomic multinational perspective on the Easterlin Paradox Abdullah Nasser Harvard College ‘13 Abstract In 1978, Richard Easterlin suggested that wealth corresponded to happiness within nations, but not between them. This idea, known as the Easterlin Paradox, was supported through time series measurements from several European and North American countries. In this paper, we re-examine the paradox using the most recent macroeconomic data. Our analysis, which includes almost all countries, shows that contrary to predictions made by the Easterlin Paradox, income equality does not impact happiness while GDP per capita and median household income do. Our results also show that government economic policies have little impact on the population’s happiness. Finally, we use the concept of GDP per hour worked to help explain why the Easterlin paradox might be observed in a handful of countries. Introduction The field of economic psychology was relatively stagnant during the mid-20th century. This was primarily due to the rigidity of long-standing macroeconomic models and the inflexibility of well-established economic methods at the time. Indeed, few developments, aside from improved statistical techniques, were witnessed then. Economists faced with the challenge of assessing the efficacy of public policies or quantifying changes after economic interventions defaulted to established economic measures as a proxy for public well-being. It is no surprise then that the introduction of happiness measures into economics was hailed as a great addition to the analytical tools economists had at their disposal (Di Tella & MacCulloch, 2006). These new measures offered economists the ability to judge the well-being of society directly rather than rely on indirect—yet more objective—economic measures such as GDP per capita, Gini, etc. This curious intersection between economics and psychology enabled both disciplines to utilize the tools of the other to better understand, and refine, their own models. For instance, these measures were instrumental to the establishment and refinement, of Martin Seligman’s Positive Psychology (Seligman, Steen, Park, & Peterson, 2005; Fordyce, 2005). In the field of economics, happiness measures were used to better appreciate how economic indices relate to social well-being beyond the theoretical framework of economics—for example, the extent of the applicability and usefulness of the Human Development Index (HDI) to society (Leigh & Wolfers, 2006). The study of how happiness changes with social or economic factors has been slowly gaining traction within the scientific community since the 1980s. Several factors in addition to money have been investigated for a possible connection to happiness. For instance, the link between years of education, intelligence, and heath on one hand and happiness on the other was investigated in a limited 1998 Dutch study, where an intermediate level of non-vocational schooling was found to maximize happiness. IQ was reported to impact health but not happiness (Hartog & Oosterbeek, 1998). The variation in all these factors was found to be slight. Similarly, in a 2002 longitudinal Swedish study of over 5000 individuals, happiness, unsurprisingly, correlated positively with health, income, and education (Gerdtham & Johannesson, 2002). As for income inequality, measured through the Gini coefficient, Johns & Ormerod (2008) found that it had little effect on US well-being. In fact, while the Gini index has been climbing since the 1970s, signaling an ever increasing gap between the rich and the poor, happiness indicators and reports of subjective well-being have fluctuated around the same baseline level. Other factors, such as average temperature (Rehdanz & Maddison, 2005), age (Cameron,


What famous UK 304-mile protest march took place in October 1936?

Famous British protests - Telegraph Expat Picture Galleries Famous British protests The Jarrow March took place in October 1936, when 200 protesters walked  from the town of Jarrow to London to lobby parliament over poverty and  unemployment in North East England. Their MP, Ellen Wilkinson, marched with  them. The protest is often described as an important day in Labour's  history, but was largely ignored by the Government at the time. Picture: Trinity Mirror / Mirrorpix / Alamy


On 19-20 October 1917 the largest fleet of what attempted and mostly failed to attack the UK?

Russia and the First World War Russia and the First World War ▼ Primary Sources ▼ Russia and the First World War In 1914 the Russian government considered Germany to be the main threat to its territory. This was reinforced by Germany's decision to form the Triple Alliance . Under the terms of this military alliance, Germany , Austria-Hungary and Italy agreed to support each other if attacked by either France or Russia . In 1907 Russia joined Britain and France to form the Triple Entente . Industrial unrest in Russia continued throughout this period and in 1912 hundreds of striking miners were massacred at the Lena goldfields. During the first six months of 1914, almost half of the total industrial workforce in Russia took part in strikes. In 1914 the Russian Army was the largest army in the world. However, Russia's poor roads and railways made the effective deployment of these soldiers difficult. The Russian Army Air Service (RAAS) was established in 1912 and two years later owned 360 aircraft and 16 airships . This made the RAAS the largest airforce in the world. In 1914 the Russian Navy had 4 battleships , 10 cruisers , 21 destroyers , 11 submarines and 50 torpedo boats . On the outbreak of the First World War General Alexander Samsonov was given command of the Russian Second Army for the invasion of East Prussia. He advanced slowly into the south western corner of the province with the intention of linking up with General Paul von Rennenkampf advancing from the north east. Walter Trier , drawing illustrating the military alliances in Europe (1914) The commander of the German Eighth Army, General Maximilian Prittwitz, was dismissed for ordering the retreat when faced with the Russian Second Army. General Paul von Hindenburg and General Erich Ludendorff were sent forward to meet Samsonov's advancing troops. They made contact on 22nd August, 1914, and for six days the Russians, with their superior numbers, had a few successes. However, by 29th August, Samsanov's Second Army was surrounded. General Alexander Samsonov attempted to retreat but now in a German cordon, most of his troops were slaughtered or captured. The Battle of Tannenberg lasted three days. Only 10,000 of the 150,000 Russian soldiers managed to escape. Shocked by the disastrous outcome of the battle, Samsanov committed suicide. The Germans, who lost 20,000 men in the battle, were able to take over 92,000 Russian prisoners. On 9th September, 1914, General General Paul von Rennenkampf ordered his remaining troops to withdraw. By the end of the month the German Army had regained all the territory lost during the initial Russian onslaught. The attempted invasion of Prussia had cost Russia almost a quarter of a million men. By December, 1914, the Russian Army had 6,553,000 men. However, they only had 4,652,000 rifles. Untrained troops were ordered into battle without adequate arms or ammunition. In 1915 Russia suffered over 2 million casualties and lost Kurland, Lithuania and much of Belorussia. Agricultural production slumped and civilians had to endure serious food shortages. Lenin , leader of the Bolsheviks , was appalled by the decision of most socialists in Europe to support the war effort. Living in exile in Switzerland, Lenin devoted his energies to campaign to turn the "imperialist war into a civil war". This included the publication of his book, Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism . Along with his close collaborators, Gregory Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev , Lenin arranged for the distribution of propaganda that urged Allied troops to turn their rifles against their officers and start a socialist revolution. In September 1915, Nicholas II replaced Grand Duke Nikolai as supreme commander of the Russian Army fighting on the Eastern Front. This failed to change the fortunes of the armed forces and by the end of the year there were conscription riots in several cities. General Alexei Brusilov , commander of the Russian Army in the South West, led an offensive against the Austro-Hungarian Army in June, 1916. Initially Brusilov achieved considerable succe


The Grand Bazaar, said to be the world's largest covered market, is in which city?

How to Prepare For the Grand Bazaar of Istanbul, World’s Oldest and Biggest Covered Market Your personal Istanbul city trip & expat guide How to Prepare For the Grand Bazaar of Istanbul, World’s Oldest and Biggest Covered Market by Istanbul Trails in City Trip , Things To See & Do The Grand Bazaar (Kapalı Çarşı), built in the 15th century, is the oldest covered market in the world. Covering an area of 54.653 square meters, it also still ranks as one of the world’s biggest covered markets. In other words, keep on reading if you want to be prepared before entering this maze of 56 interconnecting vaulted passages, housing over 4.000 shops with persistent shopkeepers eager to use their relentless sales tricks. Grand Bazaar (Kapalı Çarşı) There are four main entrances to the Grand Bazaar. Tel: +90 212 522 31 73 – +90 212 519 12 48 on Map with Tourist Attractions in the Historical Part of Istanbul Open Daily between 08.30 and 19.00. Closed on Sundays and October 29th. The bazaar is also closed for the full duration of religious holidays. Ticket Sales This series on the Grand Bazaar will cover: The history of the Grand Bazaar (see below) The Grand Bazaar Essentials, including a map, tips and tricks The Grand Bazaar Started Out Small The Grand Bazaar was commissioned by Mehmet II (1444-1481) immediately after the Ottoman conquest of Istanbul in 1453 to provide financial resources for the Hagia Sophia . The construction of the Grand Bazaar began in 1461. The Grand Bazaar, which was a wooden structure at the beginning, is now entirely built of stone and brick. Bricks were used for the vaulted arches, cut stones were used at the base of the arches, and walls were built by plastering over bricks or stone. The oldest building is the Cevahir or İç Bedesten. The second oldest building is the Sandal Bedesten. Bedesten, a vaulted and fireproofed segment of the Grand Bazaar, gets its name from bez (cloth) and means cloth seller’s market. Both bedestens are typical examples of classical Ottoman architecture. The Cevahir Bedesten, initially built for cloth trading and separated from the rest of the Grand Bazaar by four gates, later developed into a market for gold and precious stones. Located in the center of the Grand Bazaar, it also houses a bank. Named after a type of cloth woven of silk and cotton fibers, the Sandal Bedesten spans an area of 2.435 square meters and is covered by 20 lead-plated domes. The Istanbul Municipality used the Sandal Bedesten as an auction house 1914 to 1980. The Grand Bazaar Today The Grand Bazaar reached its present size after the surrounding streets were provided overhead cover using canvas and the neighboring hans were integrated into it. Hans (inns) are two- or three-storied buildings. The shops within the hans were called hucre (cell) and they faced the square or rectangular inner court. Every street was dedicated to a profession. Today most of these professions have disappeared but their memories live on through the names of the streets. Initially the roofs of the domes were covered with lead sheets. Later clay tiles from Marseille were used and today they are covered with ordinary tiles. Competition was banned in the Grand Bazaar. Up to the 19th century, the shops, called dolap, did not have a name or signboard. The Grand Bazaar underwent restoration only after the 1894 earthquake. It was after that when Western style signboards and display windows started being used. While there were 29 hans before the restoration process, only 17 were left after the restoration. Up until recently the Grand Bazaar was home to 5 mosques, 1 school, 7 fountains, 10 wells, 1 water dispenser and 1 ablution fountain. Today only 1 mosque and 1 ablution fountain are left. It has 21 gates, 2 bedestens, 17 inns, 56 streets, nearly 4000 shops and employs more than 30.000 people. Tourist Trap or Not? For centuries the Grand Bazaar was the most vital centre of commerce, handicraft and finance in the Mediterranean and Near East. Today, many may refer to the Grand Bazaar as a tourist trap, but that’s a distortion of the truth. Sure, w


Apple's smartphone launched in Autumn/Fall 2011 to unprecedented demand was the iphone?

Citing "unprecedented demand" for iPhone, Verizon urges employees to wait to buy Citing "unprecedented demand" for iPhone, Verizon urges employees to wait to buy By AppleInsider Staff Wednesday, February 02, 2011, 05:20 pm PT (08:20 pm ET) In anticipation of "unprecedented demand" that could outstrip the initial supply of CDMA iPhone 4s, Verizon Wireless has sent a corporate memo strongly urging its employees to hold off on buying the handset for themselves and their families "for the time being." Customers and non-customers alike have waited for years to see this product on Americas most reliable wireless network. Demand will be unprecedented," wrote Verizon Wireless Chief Operating Officer John Stratton in an email sent to "U.S.-Based Management Employees," a copy of which was obtained by AppleInsider. "To help ensure we meet customer demand for iPhones, Verizon is urging employees and their families to postpone purchases of the popular smartphone, whether online or in retail stores, for the time being," the email said. In the email, which carries the subject "Focus on Customer Is Key to Verizon iPhone Launch," Stratton highlight the Feb. 10 launch of the CDMA version of the iPhone 4 as a chance "to show those millions of people what it means to be a Verizon customer —providing them the best network, joined by the very best customer service and support, all adding up to a world-class customer experience." Part of that experience is ensuring were able to meet our customers needs in the midst of what will surely be unprecedented customer demand," the email continued. I know customers arent the only ones who are excited  employees are, too. While I share your excitement, over the coming weeks we all need to do our part to meet our customers needs —this means putting our customers first. After all, thats the way we do business. Thats the Verizon Credo in action. This is an historic moment in time to rally together and show our loyal customers and new ones what our culture is all about. Earlier Wednesday, Apple issued a press release reminding Verizon customers that they can preorder the iPhone 4 starting at 3 a.m. Eastern, midnight Pacific on Feb. 3. Qualified customers will also be able to order the Verizon iPhone 4 on Wednesday, Feb. 9 through the Apple online store for delivery, or reserve for in-store pick-up beginning Feb. 10. Verizon has said it will have a flawless execution of the iPhone launch, though limited supply is a concern for the carrier. Last week, the largest wireless carrier in the U.S. confirmed rumors that it had hired thousands of customer service representatives to handle the iPhone launch. For its part, Apple admitted, during its first quarter 2011 earnings call , that it was having trouble keeping up with demand for the iPhone 4. Chief Operating Officer Tim Cook said their efforts were "not enough." "We do still have a significant backlog," Cook said. "We are working around the clock to build more." According to Cook, Apple expects "huge" results from the Verizon launch, but is unable to predict when supply and demand will equal. Topics: