September 29th is a Quarter Day in the legal calendar when, traditionally, rents were due and magistrates were chosen; what is the name applied to this day?

AAA October 2010 newsletter   October 2010 Newsletter It's October - Autumn real! And time for   another AAA Newsletter! If   you weren't convinced last month you will be this month - especially   when the clocks go back in a  week or so. Time to get a lot of things   done before it gets too miserable - this is definitely NOT the month to sit back and think "I'm finished for the   season". But look on the bright side - you can still tit-bit off the   raspberry bushes whilst going about your chores on the plot and   there's always the seed catalogues in the evening - to keep you   wishing and planning for next year! Don't forget that if you order   from Thompson & Morgan OFF OUR WEB-SITE then it earns the AAA a   small commission. Our Newsletter is longer than usual this month - perhaps it reflects the change of growing   season mood, with more time to do things other than dig around in the   soil as the nights get longer as the dark comes along much   earlier!   Still Cropping? Hard to believe isn't it? ANOTHER month has   gone by - I don't know if it's me, but that last one seemed to REALLY fly  past me! Not quite in the glut groove of last month are   we? It's REALLY starting to slow down, and the produce seems to have   got tired and tougher - especially the Runner Beans - they're starting to look sad. I think most of our plot-holders are quite   pleased with their beans this year. The weather has suited them -   warm but not so hot as to cause bloom drop where the flowers drop   off in hot weather - before the small beans start to form. And it's   also been quite WET. Wet and warm suits runner beans and they've   cropped their socks off on my plot. It's also just right for a few nasties, hence   another good year for Blight Spores and YES it struck Cae Ffynnon   Wï¿½n again this year, but quite late, so the damage should be   relatively limited. I cut my haulms down to ground level as soon as   I noticed it had struck and with the exception of a couple of tubers   here and there (mostly Pink Fir Apple - they're particularly   susceptible to blight  anyway) it only seems to have attacked   the leaves. On   the runner bean front I did a little comparison trial of my own this year using   my old favourite Armstrong and a variety I hadn't tried before -   White Lady. As the name suggests a white flowering, mid green podded   variety that's advertised as a heavy stringless cropper. The Armstrong was out of the blocks like the   proverbial hare before White Lady had woken up properly! At first   glance I thought it would be no competition, but White Lady - like   the tortoise just quietly kept going and by the end of the season it   will have just pipped Armstrong in "height" and  "abundance of   pods" departments. However the Armstrong pods are much longer and   bigger (giving away it's "Enorma" heritage which in turn came from   the world famous Stenner - THE show bench variety bred by Brython   Stenner down in Penrhiwceiber - more about Brython in a future   Newsletter perhaps) and amazingly it has a lot less strings than White Lady. Both   are supposed to be stringless, but "stringless" is a by-word for "less stringy" than the old varieties, which were fine when picked   young enough anyway - remember the old favourite - Scarlet Emperor?   It could resemble eating a herring after it got to a certain age! Armstrong IS stringless - regardless of how   big or old it gets. White Lady is stringless to a point but I   wouldn't say it was completely stringless. On the taste front? White Lady is nice but as   I've found over the years, Armstrong blows away most of the   competition in the Taste Department! Next year I'll put Armstrong up against   something else and see how it fares - I'm eyeing up St. George a RHS   winner - a descendant of the old Victorian heritage variety "Painted Lady". But   for this year Armstrong is still the champ on my little lottie! We'll see   how it fares against the competition come next season


Which country's London embassy was seized by hostage-takers in 1980?

��ࡱ�>�� �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������b ��2 jbjb���� $,��������������������1�1�18�14 2<��3f2:�2(�2�2�2�2�2�2T3V3V3V3V3V3V3,�4R37��3��2�2�2�2�2�3T3���2�2�3T3T3T3�2F��2��2T3T3�D l�����2T3T3T3��T3Z2 �h ��13FT3T3�30�3T3�7T3�7T3T3���$� ��� The Iranian Hostage Crisis: A War of Words, not Worlds I. Introduction  U.S. media presented the Iranian hostage crisis as a decisive attack against America and therefore the American people. Initially, the media discussed only factual information on the crisis and referred to the players according to their occupation; however, every hostage soon appeared as a victim whose life hung in the balance of terrorists, led by a religious fanatic. No longer were the hostage takers viewed as students under the orders of a religious leader. The purpose behind the embassy takeover and atrocities committed under the U.S.-installed shah regime were never mentioned, at least in the U.S. media intended for the public eye. The absence of the other side�s perspective led to the formation of a unilateral opinion regarding the Iranian hostage crisis, the hostage takers, and the hostages; surely, it was a battle between good and evil forces. President Carter�s administration preached passivity; other politicians, such as former Texas Governor John Connally, devised daring rescue plans in an effort to gain political clout in a fragile America. No matter the course of action advised the victimized hostages had been the main concern and the loss of one life as a motive for war between the U.S. and Iran. Both countries publicly presented their own agendas with conflicting outcomes and neither country was willing to negotiate, a sign of weakness. The outcome of the crisis was the last 52 hostages being freely returned to the United States 444 days later, leading to an unforeseen turn in events. Many of the hostages, who had been depicted as abused and tortured, told stories of sympathy and remorse. Some questioned why America saw the hostage takers as terrorists and not students, while others questioned why America built the hostage crisis into such a spectacle. The hostages� accounts of American imperialism and Iranian hardship did not make the ten o�clock news; their stories may have led to a more balanced take on the hostage


Which theatre was Abraham Lincoln attending when he was asassinated?

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination A+E Networks Introduction On April 14, 1865, John Wilkes Booth, a famous actor and Confederate sympathizer, fatally shot President Abraham Lincoln at a play at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C. The attack came only five days after Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered his massive army at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, effectively ending the American Civil War. Google Abraham Lincoln’s killer, John Wilkes Booth , was a Maryland native born in 1838 who remained in the North during the Civil War despite his Confederate sympathies. As the conflict entered its final stages, he and several associates hatched a plot to kidnap the president and take him to Richmond, the Confederate capital. However, on March 20, 1865, the day of the planned kidnapping, Lincoln failed to appear at the spot where Booth and his six fellow conspirators lay in wait. Two weeks later, Richmond fell to Union forces. In April, with Confederate armies near collapse across the South, Booth came up with a desperate plan to save the Confederacy. Did You Know? The search for John Wilkes Booth was one of the largest manhunts in history, with 10,000 federal troops, detectives and police tracking down the assassin. Learning that Lincoln was to attend Laura Keene’s acclaimed performance of “Our American Cousin” at Ford’s Theatre in Washington , D.C., on April 14, Booth—himself a well-known actor at the time—masterminded the simultaneous assassination of Lincoln, Vice President Andrew Johnson and Secretary of State William H. Seward. By murdering the president and two of his possible successors, Booth and his co-conspirators hoped to throw the U.S. government into disarray. Lincoln occupied a private box above the stage with his wife Mary, a young army officer named Henry Rathbone and Rathbone’s fiancé, Clara Harris, the daughter of New York Senator Ira Harris. The Lincolns arrived late for the comedy, but the president was reportedly in a fine mood and laughed heartily during the production. History Channel Online Course – Lincoln Assassination At 10:15, Booth slipped into the box and fired his .44-caliber single-shot derringer into the back of Lincoln’s head. After stabbing Rathbone, who immediately rushed at him, in the shoulder, Booth leapt onto the stage and shouted, “Sic semper tyrannis!” (“Thus ever to tyrants!”–the Virginia state motto). At first, the crowd interpreted the unfolding drama as part of the production, but a scream from the first lady told them otherwise. Although Booth broke his leg in the fall, he managed to leave the theater and escape from Washington on horseback. A 23-year-old doctor named Charles Leale was in the audience and hastened to the presidential box immediately upon hearing the shot and Mary Lincoln’s scream. He found the president slumped in his chair, paralyzed and struggling to breathe. Several soldiers carried Lincoln to a house across the street and placed him on a bed. When the surgeon general arrived at the house, he concluded that Lincoln could not be saved and would die during the night. Vice President Andrew Johnson, members of Lincoln’s cabinet and several of the president’s closest friends stood vigil by Lincoln’s bedside until he was officially pronounced dead at 7:22 a.m. The first lady lay on a bed in an adjoining room with her eldest son Robert at her side, overwhelmed with shock and grief. The president’s body was placed in a temporary coffin, draped with a flag and escorted by armed cavalry to the White House , where surgeons conducted a thorough autopsy. Edward Curtis, an Army surgeon in attendance, later described the scene, recounting that a bullet clattered into a waiting basin during the doctors’ removal of Lincoln’s brain. He wrote that the team stopped to stare at the offending weapon, “the cause of such mighty changes in the world’s history as we may perhaps never realize.” During the autopsy, Mary Lincoln sent the surgeons a note requesting that they clip a lock of Lincoln’s hair for her. News of


Edward Fairfax Rochester is a character in which 19th century novel?

Edward Fairfax Rochester Edward Fairfax Rochester Authors: Bronte, Charlotte Description: Young Jane Eyre was orphaned and sent to live with her uncle, who dies shortly after her arrival. Her step-aunt despises her and sends her to Lowood School so that she can become a governess. She wins the friendship of everyone there, but her life is difficult because conditions are poor at the school. Not until typhus kills many of the students do conditions improve. Jane completes her education there and obtains a position as governess at a house called Thornfield. Jane's student is Adele Varens, a petulant but loving illegitimate child of the master of the house, Edward Rochester. Rochester is rarely at home and Jane spends most of her time with Adele and the housekeeper, Mrs. Fairfax. When Rochester does come home, he is often moody and imposing. One night, Jane wakes to strange noises and the smell of smoke. She finds Rochester unconscious in his bed, which is on fire. Other odd things happen in the house: Jane often hears strange laughter and thuds. Jane has meanwhile realized that she loves Rochester but in her pride refuses to confess it. When Rochester invites a group of friends to the house, including Blanche Ingram whom he is expected to marry, Jane is treated like a servant by the guests. One of the guests, Mr. Macon, is mysteriously injured. Jane is also troubled when her former guardian, Mrs. Reed, calls her to her death bed and admits that several years earlier she had received a letter from one of Jane's distant relatives, John Eyre, a wealthy man who lives in Jamaica. Mr. Eyre had offered to adopt Jane, but Mrs. Reed maliciously told him that Jane had died in the typhus epidemic. When Jane returns from this visit, Rochester asks her to marry him and Jane joyfully assents. The night before their wedding, she wakes to find someone in her room, wearing her wedding veil. She screams and runs, but Rochester convinces her it is her imagination. At the wedding, a man interrupts the service, saying Rochester is already married. Rochester admits it and takes the wedding party to the attic. His wife is a Creole, Bertha Macon, who went mad immediately after their wedding fifteen years before. Now she is imprisoned in the attic. Jane decides she must run away. Penniless, she becomes a beggar until Reverend St. John Rivers and his two sisters generously take her in. She lives with them under an assumed name, and it is only by accident that she learns simultaneously that John Eyre has died and left her his fortune and that the Rivers are her cousins. They share the fortune. Rivers presses her to marry him and join him as a missionary. He admits that he does not love her, but he thinks Jane smart and useful. Jane feels she must do her duty, but she does not want to marry Rivers. One night, Jane hears Rochester's voice calling to her. She returns to Thornfield and finds the house burned to the ground. Bertha had set fire to it and Rochester became blinded in his unsuccessful attempt to save her life. Jane and Rochester marry. Rivers dies gloriously for his cause. Commentary Jane is one of Victorian literature's rebellious heroines. Critics of the period found her unwomanly, albeit more interesting than the common angel in the house. Bertha illustrates mid-19th century attitudes toward madness. It was primarily considered an untreatable congenital disease. Bertha's role is complicated by her ethnicity. She is the product of British imperialism, at its height at the time the novel was published. Feminists have also considered Bertha to be Bronte's alter ego. Like many Victorian women, Bertha is literally trapped in her home. Unlike most women, she retaliates, trying to kill Rochester and ruining his home and name. The section on Lowood shows how medical and social conditions are tightly tied. As a whole, the novel tries to balance reason and passion. Too much passion and one ends up like Bertha or Rochester, too little and one becomes like St. John Rivers. Jane Eyre is a thrilling read that goes over well with modern audiences. Other


When Argentinians landed on South Georgia in 1982, an event which led to the Falklands conflict, what had they supposedly come to collect?

The Falkland Islands Campaign of 1982: A Case Study And Lessons For     ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ The Falkland Islands Campaign of 1982: ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ A Case Study and Lessons For The ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½United States Today       ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ LCDR Andrew A. King     ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ Executive Summary   Title: The Falklands Campaign of 1982: A Case Study and Lessons for the United States Today. Author: Lieutenant Commander Andrew A. King, United States Navy   Thesis: Cutbacks and reductions in defense spending under consideration will inhibit the Armed Forces' ability to conduct sustained combat operations overseas of the type envisioned by the authors of "...From the Sea."   Background: This paper is a case study of the campaign mounted by Great Britain to retake the Falkland Islands from Argentina in 1982. A number of deficiencies in the British forces participating in the campaign were the result of decisions made to reduce defense spending in the 1960's and 1970's. These reductions were the result of a prolonged debate undertaken by the government on Britain's role in the world and her need for an expensive navy. By April 1982, the Royal Navy was preparing to retire both aircraft carriers and had slashed spending on shipbuilding programs. The timing of the invasion was nearly disastrous, and the outcome was by no means certain until the final days of the land campaign on East Falkland. This campaign serves as an excellent model for the kind of campaign envisioned by the authors of "...From the Sea," particularly as we debate the same kinds of questions in this country today that were debated across the Atlantic more than twenty years ago.   Recommendation: The United States should use the Falklands War as a model in determining its ability to conduct sustained combat operations overseas, on short notice, according to the concepts espoused by "...From the Sea."     ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ Table of Contents       Executive Summaryï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ii   Outlineï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ iv   An Unexpected Warï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ 1   Historical Originsï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3   The Campaignï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ 9   An Analysisï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ 47   Some Important Lessons for the United Statesï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ 60   Endnotesï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½69   Acknowledgementsï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ 70   Bibliographyï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ 71   Map of the Falkland Islandsï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ 73       ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿


Who succeeded David Tennant in the role of TV's 'Doctor Who'?

David Tennant: It just feels scary… all the time | Television & radio | The Guardian The Observer David Tennant: It just feels scary… all the time He's been voted the best Doctor Who ever, but David Tennant's rule as the Timelord is coming to an end. So how will he cope with life outside the Tardis? Johnny Davis, who has spent the past year trailing him, talks to Britain's most popular actor Saturday 19 December 2009 19.05 EST First published on Saturday 19 December 2009 19.05 EST Close David Tennant. Photograph: Ellis Parrinder Last month David Tennant sold off his bed. It was, he admitted, "not the most delicious piece of furniture". It sat in reception at London's Absolute Radio looking every one of its 15 years in age, its wonky wrought-iron headboard accessorised by a Dalek bedspread and a handwritten sign: "Do not sit on this: prone to collapse". Tennant was hosting Absolute's Breakfast Show alongside regular presenter Christian O'Connell. By 10am he'd played ping pong in the back of a Ford Galaxy, answered a series of questions from 12-year-olds and encouraged the actor Anthony Head to call in and sing "Lean on Me". Then there was his bed, being auctioned off for Children in Need. Fiona from Tadworth had pushed the bidding to £2,001, but off air O'Connell had a confession to make. The previous night he'd hosted a corporate do for the show's sponsors, British Gas. Things had got a bit carried away and everyone had climbed on the bed for a photo. "And it just sort of went 'poot'," O'Connell explained. "It was 10 of them. They were all trashed." "There's never been more than two people on that bed," said Tennant. Now its slats were snapped, the frame buckled beyond repair. "It's not the kind of thing you can just bend back into shape," noted Richie, the show's producer. "I felt bad; I told them it was for Children in Need," O'Connell said. "But you've seen the state of that bed – it's got 'Prone to collapse' all over it!" "It wasn't prone to collapse," Tennant said. On air O'Connell came clean, and someone from British Gas called in to do the honourable thing: take the now-useless bed off their hands for £5,000. "How's your head this morning?" Tennant asked. Four hours of breakfast DJing behind him, he signed off with the Proclaimers' "King of the Road" and went outside to sign autographs and accept gifts from fans. Some had been waiting in the rain since 3.30am. "That's quite good," he said, unwrapping one in the car that sped him towards his next appointment, at Radio 1. It was a Housemartins T-shirt, one of his favourite bands. "I bet it's extra large – they always think I'm big. And I'm only little." Tennant was spending the day promoting his final three episodes of Doctor Who, the culmination of which will see him "regenerate" into a new Doctor, played by Matt Smith. After a chat with Radio 1's Fearne Cotton, there was a round of interviews with the TV listings magazines. Tennant asked his publicist which journalist would be attending from one particular title. "Hmm," he said. "She'll always go for the 'Who-are-you-shagging?' type question." At Radio 1, he bumped into Chris Moyles. "So handsome," Moyles said to him by way of a greeting. Tennant explained he'd come from hosting a rival station's breakfast show. "According to the papers I seem to be leaving every week," said Moyles. "So you might as well have mine." Fearne Cotton appeared. "We'll get you in just after the news; some questions from listeners – nothing bizarre." Tennant explained he'd been doing the promotional rounds. "Do you ever get tempted to make stuff up?" Cotton asked. "So tempting," he said. "'Have you given Matt Smith any advice?' That's all I get asked. What am I supposed to say?" "That's ridiculous," said Cotton. She consulted her notes. "Cross that one off." Tennant wondered about the listener questions. "Are there rude ones? Do you get sent rude pictures?" "All the time," said producer Stuey. "A lot of penises." "Especially if you ask for something specific," said Cotton. "We did this thing asking people to send in pictures of their ted


What is the official residence of the Lord Mayor of London?

MANSION HOUSE   WALK LONDON's - CITY OF LONDON WALK Mansion House, the official residence of The Mayor of the City of London. Mansion House features a portico with six Corinthian, classic Palladian architecture. Entrance to Mansion House and meeting place for the weekly tours. VISITOR INFORMATION Opening Hours:  Weekly 1 hour tour 2:00pm, on most Tuesdays. Tours are first come/first served and limited to 40 per group Cost: Adults £6.00, Concessions £4.00 (Over 16 students and 60+) Facilities: Toilets Further Information: Mansion House  MANSION HOUSE Mansion House is a town Palace and has been the official residence of the Lord Mayor of London since 1752. Built during the reign of George II, its grandeur was designed to reflect the City of London’s position as one of the world’s leading financial and trading centres. The grand entrance to Mansion House features a portico with six Corinthian columns with flights of steps each side. Designed in the architectural style of Venetian Andrea Palladio, the classical features of Greek and Roman temples were popular in the 17th and 18th centuries. Many other examples of Palladian architecture can be seen in Europe and America. Mansion House, along with Guildhall, are used for official functions providing a high profile venue for Government, charitable and business events in the City of London. Entertainment space includes the grand Egyptian Hall, so named because the arrangement of its columns, and a ballroom. Functions held here include banquets for visiting Heads of Government and the annual Chancellor of the Exchequer’s ‘Mansion House Speech’, a keynote speech on the state of the economy. Further rooms are used for the Mayor’s private apartments and offices. Mansion House is home to one of the finest collections of seventeenth century Dutch and Flemish paintings in Britain. These can be viewed by the general public along with a collection of sculptures themed from the works of English poets and one of the largest and finest gold and silver plate collections in the world. LORD MAYOR OF LONDON A new Lord Mayor, now known as The Lord Mayor of the City of London, is elected every year by ‘Liverymen’, people who belong to the old medieval trading companies of the City. These Livery Companies were originally developed as Guilds, associations responsible for the regulation of their trades by controlling wages, labour conditions and aspect of law. This continues today, with the Lord Mayor being responsible for the City's governmental, civic and, as the chief magistrate of the City, judicial functions with its own court of law. Although not used anymore for prisoners, the palace had holding cells including one for women, nicknamed ‘the birdcage’, where suffragette women's rights campaigner Emmeline Pankhurst was once kept.


Knowna s the 'Evening Satr' which planet in our solar system is the closest in size to earth?

Solar System Planets: Order of the 8 (or 9) Planets Solar System Planets: Order of the 8 (or 9) Planets By Robert Roy Britt | January 22, 2016 12:35pm ET MORE The planets of the solar system as depicted by a NASA computer illustration. Orbits and sizes are not shown to scale. Credit: NASA Ever since the discovery of Pluto in 1930, kids grew up learning about the nine planets of our solar system. That all changed starting in the late 1990s, when astronomers began to argue about whether Pluto was a planet. In a highly controversial decision , the International Astronomical Union ultimately decided in 2006 to call Pluto a “dwarf planet,” reducing the list of “real planets” in our solar system to eight.  However, astronomers are now hunting for another planet in our solar system, a true ninth planet , after evidence of its existence was unveiled on Jan. 20, 2016. The so-called "Planet Nine," as scientists are calling it, is about 10 times the mass of Earth and 5,000 times the mass of Pluto. [ Solar System Pictures: A Photo Tour ] If you insist on including Pluto , then that world would come after Neptune on the list; Pluto is truly way out there, and on a wildly tilted, elliptical orbit (two of the several reasons it got demoted). Interestingly, Pluto used to be the eighth planet, actually. More on that below. Terrestrial planets The inner four worlds are called “ terrestrial planets ,” because, like Earth, their surfaces are all rocky. Pluto, too, has a solid surface (and a very frozen one) but has never been grouped with the four terrestrials. Jovian planets The four large outer worlds — Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune — are known as the “Jovian planets” (meaning “Jupiter-like”) because they are all huge compared to the terrestrial planets, and because they are gaseous in nature rather than having rocky surfaces (though some or all of them may have solid cores, astronomers say). According to NASA , "two of the outer planets beyond the orbit of Mars — Jupiter and Saturn — are known as gas giants; the more distant Uranus and Neptune are called ice giants." This is because, while the first two are dominated by gas, while the last two have more ice. All four contain mostly hydrogen and helium. Dwarf planets The  IAU definition of a full-fledged planet goes like this: A body that circles the sun without being some other object's satellite, is large enough to be rounded by its own gravity (but not so big that it begins to undergo nuclear fusion, like a star) and has "cleared its neighborhood" of most other orbiting bodies. Yeah, that’s a mouthful. The problem for Pluto, besides its small size and offbeat orbit, is that it shares its space with lots of other objects in the Kuiper Belt , beyond Neptune. Still, the demotion of Pluto remains controversial . The IAU planet definition puts other small, round worlds in the dwarf planet category, including the Kuiper Belt objects Eris , Haumea , and Makemake . Also now a dwarf planet is Ceres , a round object in the Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter. Ceres was actually considered a planet when discovered in 1801 and then later deemed to be an asteroid. Some astronomers like to consider Ceres as a 10th planet (not to be confused with Nibiru or Planet X ), but that line of thinking opens up the possibility of there being 13 planets, with more bound to be discovered. The planets Below is a brief overview of the eight primary planets in our solar system , in order from the inner solar system outward: Mercury The closest planet to the sun, Mercury is only a bit larger than Earth's moon. Its day side is scorched by the sun and can reach 840 degrees Fahrenheit (450 Celsius), but on the night side, temperatures drop to hundreds of degrees below freezing. Mercury has virtually no atmosphere to absorb meteor impacts, so its surface is pockmarked with craters, just like the moon. Over its four-year mission, NASA's MESSENGER spacecraft has revealed views of the planet that have challenged astronomers' expectations. Discovery: Known to the ancients and visible to the naked eye Named for: M


In what is a food baked if it is 'en croute'?

Brie En Croute Recipe : Paula Deen : Food Network Preheat oven to 375 degrees F. Defrost puff pastry for approximately 15 to 20 minutes and unfold. In a saucepan , melt the butter over medium heat. Saute the walnuts in the butter until golden brown, approximately 5 minutes. Add the cinnamon and stir until walnuts are coated well. Place the walnut mixture on top of the Brie and sprinkle the brown sugar over the mixture. Lay the puff pastry out on a flat surface. Place the brie in the center of the pastry. Gather up the edges of the pastry, pressing around the brie and gather at the top. Gently squeeze together the excess dough and tie together with a piece of kitchen twine. Brush the beaten egg over top and side of Brie. Place Brie on a cookie sheet and bake for 20 minutes until pastry is golden brown. Serve with crackers. To give a special look, cut extra pastry into heart or flower shapes and bake until golden. Recipe courtesy of Paula Deen CATEGORIES:


What codename was given to the German invasion of Russia in May 1941?

Operation Barbarossa (1941) Summary – German Invasion of USSR World History Operation Barbarossa Operation Barbarossa was the code name given by Nazi Germany to its invasion of the USSR during World War II . The largest military invasion in history, it comprised of more than four million Axis troops, stretched along almost two thousand miles of the Eastern Front. Although the Germans achieved some notable tactical victories during the operation, strategically it was a failure as the Nazis failed to capture Moscow. Barbarossa proved to be a turning point in the history of the war, and Germany never again threatened the Soviet capital. Background Even as far back as the 1920s, many members of the Nazi movement had seen it as a core objective for Germany to destroy the perceived threat presented by the communist-ruled Soviet Union. Large tracts of high quality land within the western USSR were also seen as ideal long-term locations for German settlements. After the Nazis came to power, Adolf Hitler”s government signed a non-aggression pact with the Russians in August of 1939. However, this was widely seen as being no more than a tactical ploy. France and the Low Countries of Belgium, Luxembourg ( occupation of Luxembourg ), and the Netherlands were invaded by Germany in May of 1940. Two months later, Hitler resolved that the conquest of the Soviet Union would be his major objective in 1941. With this in mind, the Fuhrer signed an operational order for this in December of 1940. Officially, this was known as Directive 21, but it quickly became more widely known by its code name of Barbarossa, named after the 12th century Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick Barbarossa. From the start, the plan was for German police and military units to fight a two-pronged war of destruction. Their first target was the communists who ruled the USSR. The second, as elsewhere in Europe, was to be Russian Jews. In the early months of 1941, Army High Command and Reich Security Main Office officials drew up plans for the deployment of special forces behind enemy lines, with specific orders to kill anyone—especially but not exclusively, Jews and communists—who was felt to be harmful to the aim of German occupation. The Invasion As the invasion began on June 22, 1941, the German army engaged in Operation Barbarossa was numbered at 217 divisions. Of these, 134 were intended for front-line duties, while 73 were to be engaged behind the front. Over three million of the Axis soldiers were German, with most of the rest coming from the allied states of Romania and Finland. Later on, smaller forces from Hungary, Slovakia, Croatia, and Italy joined the assault, ranging along a front which stretched from the Baltic to the Black Sea. The build-up of German troops along the Russian border should not have come as a surprise, with the Soviets having been repeatedly warned about it by its western Allies. However, because of Josef Stalin”s refusal to act on these warnings, the Nazis had the tactical element of surprise when they attacked. A substantial portion of the USSR”s air force was still on the ground and was destroyed without even having the chance to take off. Meanwhile, vast numbers of Soviet soldiers were surrounded by German troops: with their supply lines severed, their only option was to surrender to the Germans. Jewish Persecution and Genocide While regular German army units spearheaded the advance into Russia, groups of police and SS followed behind, led by the SD and the Security Police”s Einsatzgruppen. These units were ordered to detect and destroy anyone who might be capable of organizing any resistance to the German advance, or later to the occupying forces. They were particularly active in murdering Jewish men and communist officials, although Roma people were also persecuted on a large scale. The surviving Soviet Jews were quickly rounded up and herded into newly established ghettos. From late July onward, representatives of Heinrich Himmler arrived at the Eastern Front. This gave the Nazis, aided by auxiliaries who were recruited from local sympath


What is the generic name given to the sparkling wines produced in the Penedes region of north-eastern Spain?

SPARKLING WINE SPARKLING WINE SPARKLING WINE AROUND THE WORLD Paper presented at the Cigar & Wine Appreciation Workshop, Institute of Hotel Management , New Delhi , on October 30, 2004 Copyright: Sourish Bhattacharyya There’s a world of sparkling wines bubbling over far beyond cold, forbidding avenues of Champagne , which produces less than 10 per cent of fizz. The fizz superpowers, though, are France’s three wine-producing neighbours and fellow European Union members – Italy , Germany and Spain . ITALIAN SPARKLE In Italy , Prosecco, the grape that has lent its name to a bubbly, is the name that comes to one’s mind when one thinks of a sparkler. It is the bubbly that goes into a Bellini, which was invented at Harry’s Bar in Venice and guaranteed its worldwide fame by the writer Ernest Hemingway. But there are more sparklers in Italy than you would imagine. Lombardy , the industrial heart of Italy famous for its metropolis Milan , is also where that country’s most admired dry sparkling wine is produced by 80 wineries using the methode champenoise in the Franciacorte denomination. The area, with an almost Mediterranean climate, is located on the slopes around the Lake Iseo sheltered by the Alps . Elevated to the coveted DOCG status in 1995, Franciacorte owes its fame to the pioneering Guido Berlucchi, who first produced the ‘Champagne of Italy’ in 1961. The success of this sparkling wine – about four million bottles are produced today – got many Milanese industrialists to invest in Franciacorte. Besides Chardonnay, three Pinot grapes go into this acclaimed bubbly – they’re Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, and a maximum of 15 per cent Pinot Gris (or Pinot Grigio, as the Italians would call this grape). If you’re in Milan, look out for the region’s rosé sparkling wines and the Saten, aged for longer than a regular sparkling wine and based on grapes originating from vineyards whose maximum official yield is around 20 per cent lower than what’s allowed for standard wines. Among Italy ’s best-known sparkling wines is those come from the Trento DOC (a DOC, by the way, follows DOCG in the pecking order of Italian wine regions) from Trentino, located in the valley of the Adige river and its tributaries framed by high mountains that protect it from inclement weather. The reputation of the Trento sparkling wines has been powered almost entirely by the marketing muscle of the Ferrari winery. Prosecco, however, is the name that rings many bells. Like Champagne , Prosecco (which is the name of the grape as well as the fizz), which comes from an area that’s famous for its Soave, Valpolicella and Amarone still wines, is the child of a quirk of nature. A frosty winter interrupts the fermentation process, which, in turn, ensures that the carbon dioxide bubbles and residual sugar survive until spring. Important producers of Prosecco, like Zonin, use the tank fermentation process (or the charmat method) to trap the carbon dioxide bubbles at a designated air pressure in the fermentation tanks itself, thereby avoiding the process of second fermentation in bottles. The process ensures the inexpensiveness of Prosecco, but the wine, which is released whenever a producer feels it’s ready, doesn’t benefit from the body an extended contact with yeast provides to sparklers made with the help of the Champagne method. If the product of the tank fermentation process is bottled after one month of storage under a pressure of at least three atmospheres, it becomes eligible for the Spumante (sparkling) label; if it doesn’t reach the designated pressure level, it can only be known as Frizzante (semi-sparkling). From Emilia Romagna, Italy’s stomach and home to 150,000 farms producing wheat and corn, as well as the famed Parma ham and balsamic vinegar, comes the Lambrusco, a grape variety with 40 variants that is synonymous with a fizz, which is essentially a humble summer cooler that get about as much respect as Coca-Cola in the wine world. Not surprisingly, smaller, artisanal producers are now reinventing their offerings under the Lambrusco di Sorbara, Lambrusco di


What common pub name comes from the symbol associated with king Richard II ?

British Pubs Feature , Featured , Features The Skiving Scholar, the Drunken Duck and the Queen’s Head The local pub. Every British city, town and village has one, easily recognizable by their colorful signs and equally colorful names. My first pint, many years ago, was in the Black Bull. Now my regular haunt is the Walkley Cottage. When in York, I always seek out the Guy Fawkes Inn. In Nottingham, I head for The Bell. But where did this eclectic collection of names come from? It was in 1393, during the reign of King Richard II, that pubs were first ordered to hang a sign outside to make them easily visible. Given that the majority of the population could not read, an illustration was often used, and considering their primary trade, many opted for something to do with beer: hops, barley or barrel. And with it, the name of the pub was born. If you pass a pub called The Hop Pole, the Barley Mow or the Three Barrels, that is likely to be where the name originated. Some pub names, like this famous pub on Bodmin Moor, are less obvious. Think rum and smugglers. Many other pubs adopted a white hart, the personal badge of Richard II, as their sign. It was a choice that lasted — the White Hart continues to be the fourth most common pub name in Britain. It made sense to indicate your loyalty to the reigning monarch or local lord by adopting their chosen symbol. An easy way to show your support for the king was to use a sign bearing a crown, and The Crown is still the second most common pub name—one which, conveniently, did not need to change with the occupant of the throne. Another popular name, the Rose and Crown, celebrates the end of the Wars of the Roses when Henry Tudor united the red rose of Lancaster with the white rose of York by marrying Elizabeth of York. Heraldic symbols often indicate some of the oldest pubs in the land; many have carried their names for centuries. The Red Lion certainly has heraldic origins. Some will tell you that it dates back to when James VI of Scotland became James I of England and insisted that public buildings display the red lion of Scotland, others will point to John of Gaunt’s badge as a more likely origin. In truth, there are probably a number of derivations of the Red Lion, which might explain why it is the most common pub name, with nearly 600 examples dotted all around Britain. Though London’s Olde Cheshire Cheese is certainly more famous, visitors aand locals alike love this Free House in the Peak District village of Castleton. Names with a religious slant—Angel, Bell, Cross Keys or Lamb and Flag—indicate pubs that sit close to churches, or did at some point in their history. Thousands of students must have used the excuse that they were going to The Library, a common name in university districts. One Plymouth landlord was a little more insightful regarding student behavior, calling his place the Skiving Scholar. While the reference is to Elizabeth I, it’s likely this Sheffield pub is being called old, not the Queen. The Coach and Horses marks a place where passengers on a stagecoach received refreshments while horses were changed or given an overnight stop. Take a look at the map and chances are you’ll be close to an old turnpike road. When the steam locomotive was invented, a number of pubs called The Railway or The Station were opened. No surprise what they are named after, although you will occasionally find one next to a disused line. Pub names offer a glimpse into the past, even when all other evidence has disappeared. The Dog and Bear might indicate where bear-baiting was once held, while The Strugglers might be close to the site of a hangman’s noose. Ironically, the famed 20th-century executioner Albert Pierrepoint was also the landlord of a pub called Help The Poor Struggler. MOST POPULAR NAMES


What name, derived from the German 'to join', was given to the Nazi takeover of the Austrian Republic in 1938?

History of the unification of Austria and Germany on March 12, 1938 (der Anschluss) Der Anschluss Hitler receives an    ovation in the German Reichstag "nach dem Anschluss" "Der Anschluss" is a German    noun that means "a connection." For World War II historians,    the term means the annexation of the First Republic of Austria    by Nazi Germany, which was proclaimed by Hitler from the balcony    of the city hall in Linz on March 13, 1938 after his troops had    invaded Austria on March 12th. This was Hitler's first act of    aggression against an independent sovereign nation and it was    the start of the events that ultimately led to World War II. The Anschluss violated Article 80 of    the Treaty of Versailles, the terms of which had been drawn up    by the victorious Allies without the participation of the Germans.    At the insistence of France and Great Britain, the Treaty of    Versailles, which Germany was forced to sign, included the following    words: "Germany acknowledges and will    respect the independence of Austria within the frontier which    may be fixed in a treaty between that State and the principle    Allied and Associated Powers; she agrees that this independence    shall be inalienable..." America did not sign the Treaty of Versailles    because the U.S. Congress, dominated by the Republican party,    refused to ratify it. This was not because of any disagreement    with the harsh terms of the Treaty, but because signing the Treaty    would have automatically included America in the new world government    called the League of Nations, which our Congress voted against,    although it had been proposed by President Woodrow Wilson, a    Democrat, and was included in Wilson's Fourteen Points which    formed the basis of the Armistice that had ended our war against    Germany. The union of Germany and Austria also    violated the Treaty of St. Germain, signed by the Austrians at    the end of World War I. At the insistence of the French and the    British, an amended version of this Treaty included Article 88,    which provided for the following: "The independence of Austria    is inalienable otherwise than with the consent of the Council    of the League of Nations. Consequently Austria undertakes in    the absence of the consent of the said Council to abstain from    any act which might directly or indirectly or by any means whatever    compromise her independence, particularly, and until her admission    to membership of the League of Nations, by participation in the    affairs of another Power." By March 1938, Germany had withdrawn    from the League of Nations, although Austria was still a member    nation. Hitler had violated the Treaty of Versailles    for the first time when he refused to continue paying the reparations    specified in the Treaty. As signed by Germany on June 28, 1919,    the Treaty, dictated by the Allies, had provided for an indeterminate    amount of money to be paid by Germany in reparations to France,    Great Britain and Belgium. The Armistice which both sides signed    to end World War I specified reparations to be paid by Germany    to Belgium, but no reparation payments to France or Great Britain. World War I had been fought on French    and Belgian territory, causing much destruction, whereas Germany,    except for East Prussia, was never invaded and remained almost    completely untouched. The amount necessary to pay for the war    damage suffered by the Allies, which was finally settled on by    the Allies only after the Treaty was signed, was 6,600 million    British pounds sterling in regular payments that Germany would    have been forced to make until 1984. Hitler' next violation of the terms of    the Treaty of Versailles was in 1935 when he began building up    an army of 300,000 soldiers, although the Treaty was very specific    that Germany was never again to be allowed an army larger than


What is the name of the sparkling wines of Germany, made from imported grape juice or, if made from German grapes, is preceded by the word Deutscher' ?

The Wine Guy Details 14 November 2011 Sekt is the German word for quality sparkling wine. Approx 95% of Sekt produced is made by the 'Charmat' method with the remaining premium Sekt made according to the 'Methode Traditionnelle'. Low-cost sparkling wine made by CO2 injection must not be called Sekt, but rather Schaumwein (German for 'foam wine'), semi-sparkling wine is called Perlwein. Also of note, approx 90% of Sekt is made at least partially from imported grape juice from Italy, Spain and France. Sekt labeled as 'Deutscher' Sekt is made exclusively from German grapes and Sekt b.A. - only from grapes from one of the 13 quality wine regions in Germany. Premium Sekt wines are made using: Riesling, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris and Pinot Noir grapes, with much of it drunk locally rather than exported.   These Sekts are usual vintage dated with the village and vineyards that the grapes are from. Premium Sekt b.A. produced in smaller lots is often referred to as Winzersekt (winegrower's Sekt), as it is typically produced by a winemaker which has his own vineyards, rather than by the large Sekt-producing companies which buy grapes or base wine on a large scale for their production. German production of sparkling wines dates back to 1826, when G. C. Kessler & Co. was founded. The names used by German producers for their sparkling wines in the 19th century were 'Mousseux', 'Sect' or 'Champagne, but the 1919 Treaty of Versailles prevented Germany from using this name, long before E.U. regulations prohibited its use outside the Champagne region. Sekt was initially an informal German name for sparkling wine, coined in Berlin in 1825, but was in common use by the 1890s. Germany long attempted to have the name Sekt reserved for sparkling wine from countries with German as an official language, but these regulations were ended by the European Court of Justice in 1975. Austrian Sekt is often made with the Welschriesling and Gruner Veltliner grapes giving the wine a golden colour. German and Austrian Sekt can be made trocken (dry) or halbtrocken (medium dry).


Which 19th century novel is subtitled 'The Parish Boy's Progress' ?

Oliver Twist - The British Library All Romantics and Victorians works Oliver Twist Charles Dickens ’s (1812-1870) second novel, originally published in serial parts 1837-39, and as a three volume edition in 1838. Dickens was deeply disturbed by the harsh Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834. Subtitled 'The Parish Boy’s Progress', Oliver Twist conveys concerns about the impact of poverty and the flaws of the workhouse system.  Oliver, an orphan, spends his early years in grim institutions. After causing consternation by requesting more food, he is apprenticed to an undertaker, but absconds and becomes part of a pickpocket gang, controlled by the manipulative Fagin. One of the author’s motives was to counter the sensational and glamorous depiction of criminals in ‘Newgate’ fiction, a popular genre of the 1830s. Manuscript of the Preface to the 1850 edition of Charles Dickens's Oliver Twist


What name is given in the Christian calendar to February 2nd, also a Quarter Day in the Scottish legal calendar?

Common Holidays in Relation to Equinoxes, Solstices & Cross-Quarter Days Common Holidays in Relation to Equinoxes, Solstices & Cross-Quarter Days Are you curious about (a) equinoxes and the like, (b) cultural transmission of holiday traditions, or (c) conspiracies of greeting card companies? Well, you've come to the right place. For my own amusement, I've put together a list from different sources of the most common national and religious holidays observed in the U.S., along with some older holidays tied rather directly to points in the Sun's annual journey around the sky, and the astronomical dates which underlie many of them. You've probably heard of the Spring and Fall Equinoxes (times of equal-length day and night) and the Summer and Winter Solstices (longest and shortest day, respectively) before. In current usage these each define the official beginning of a season -- for example, summer ``begins'' around June 21st. However a less-used parallel system holds that June 21st is actually Midsummer's Day, which then requires the start of summer to be in early May. This date and three others like it are known as the Cross-Quarter Days, because they are evenly spaced between the fundamental Quarter Days of the Solstices and Equinoxes. The Cross-Quarter Days thus mark the middle of each season under our current system, or seasonal boundaries under the alternative system. Due to the insertion of a Leap Day on February 29th every four years, the exact dates of these eight astronomical events shift back and forth, with a total range of about 54 hours. Ancient peoples were very attentive to seasons and the Sun's position in the sky, because their livelihood depended on planting and harvesting at the proper times. All eight of the above-listed Days were observed as pagan holidays of one sort or another; a few, like Halloween, have survived to modern times in (somewhat) recognizable form. What is more interesting is the number of supposedly modern holidays which lie in close proximity to the same dates. Christmas (Winter Solstice) and Easter (Spring Equinox) are two obvious examples; one may make the argument that these holiday times were inherited. Others are quite surprising -- like Father's Day (Summer Solstice)! What are the folks at Hallmark hiding from us? Of course, not everything lines up, and the nearness of Election Day to All Saints' must be pure coincidence. Right? January 1     - New Year's Day  January 5     - Twelfth Night  January 6     - Eastern Orthodox Christmas         - Twelfth Day           or Epiphany             or Old Christmas  January 20    - Inauguration Day           - Saint Agnes' Eve - woman dreams of future husband  2nd New Moon after   Winter Solstice - Chinese New Year (lunar calendar) February 2-6  1st Cross-Quarter Day February 2     - Groundhog Day    - Candlemas           or feast of the Purification of the Virgin Mary          or of the Presentation of the Child Jesus         - 40th Day of Christmas    - Imbolg / Imbolc (other Celtic names)   or Brighid   or Oimelc  February 14    - Valentine's Day  March 2nd Sunday  - Begin U.S. Daylight Savings Time (clocks 1 hour forward)  March 15      - Ides of March - 1st month middle, Roman calendar             also assassination of Julius Caesar  March 17      - St. Patrick's Day - sowing of peas in Ireland March 19-21  1st Quarter Day - Spring (Vernal) Equinox March 21   - Ostara / Eostre (Saxon goddess of Spring)  Full Moon after SE - Passover  Following Sunday  - Easter  Previous Friday  - Good Friday  April 1      - All Fool's Day (old new year's day) April 30      - May Eve           or Walpurgisnacht (witches' Sabbath)             or Walpurgis Night (after St. Walpurga)  May 1       - May Day - May Poles, May Queens, May-dew, etc.           - Beltane / Bealtaine - Celtic bonfire festival May 4-7   2nd Cross-Quarter Day May 5


Which popular Doctor Who villains, it was revealed in 2011, are to be given 'a rest' by scriptwriters?

Doctor Who Villains / Characters - TV Tropes Legacy Character Large Ham : David Banks was clearly enjoying himself. Every syllable is relished. Smug Snake : Particularly in "Earthshock" where the Leader is convinced nothing can stop the Cybermen's plans and "The Five Doctors" where he's arrogant enough to think he can control the Master, of all people.     Rassilon  Rassilon (Fifth, War, Tenth and Twelfth Doctors) Played by: Richard Matthews (1983); Timothy Dalton (2009ï¿½10); Donald Sumpter (2015) "This day was the day upon which the whole of creation would change forever." You know that guy everything in Time Lord society (and we do mean everything ) is named after? Yeah, this is him. Rassilon, like Omega, is one of the triumvirate who founded all of Time Lord society. As this was in the distant past, even for Time Lords, he's mostly not in the franchise, despite his name showing up everywhere in the old show and showing up at times in the revived series. He gets along rather well with the Doctor in the classic series, though he showed his Evilutionary Biologist side in Big Finish ; after the Last Great Time War, the series gave him plenty of reasons to become the Doctor's enemy. 0% Approval Rating : By "Hell Bent", the Time Lords refuse to submit to his tyranny anymore (again) and he's banished by the Doctor along with the High Council. Artifact of Doom : If it has this man's name on it, the artifact is going to be 1) powerful and 2) evil. Some representative examples include the Key of Rassilon, the Great Key of Rassilon (which isn't the same thing), the Coronet of Rassilon, the Sash of Rassilon, the Ring of Rassilon, the Tower of Rassilon, the Harp of Rassilon, the Black Scrolls of Rassilon, and Rassilon knows what else. Well-Intentioned Extremist : Started as one and presents himself as such. He is not. Who Wants to Live Forever? : He's the only Time Lord that is explicitly immortal and doesn't have to worry about a limited regeneration cycle. Heck, when he was put in his tomb, he wasn't even dead, he's was just sleeping. However, he believes it to be a curse, and he recognized that any other Time Lord who would want to be immortal would be crazy , so his tomb is one big Schmuck Bait to anyone who seeks to become immortal ; they are turned into living statues on Rassilon's plithe. Unfortunately, he ultimately forgot his own lesson when it became clear the Time Lords were losing the War and sought to destroy the Universe using its energy to make himself and the Time Lords "beings of pure consciousness". With Great Power Comes Great Insanity : Only generally hinted at in the Expanded Universe , but outright shown in his second appearance, although the fact that everything in Time Lord society is named after him is a good clue that there's a pretty monstrous ego at work here.     Commander Gustave Lytton  Commander Gustave Lytton (Fifth and Sixth Doctors) Played by: Maurice Colbourne (1984ï¿½85) A semi-villainous figure, the Doctor and Lytton crossed paths twice. Lytton ran into the Fifth Doctor during " Resurrection of the Daleks ", where Lytton worked for the Daleks, much to the Doctor's distaste. The Sixth Doctor encountered him in " Attack of the Cybermen ", where Lytton actually tried to help an alien species fight the Cybermen, though refused to team up with the Doctor. Thought to be a villain through and through by the Doctor, Lytton actually surprised the Doctor in the latter appearance by having a somewhat Heroic Sacrifice . Badass Normal : Expanded universe media confirmed that he's just a normal human, although one born in an alien planet, which makes the fact that he held his own against the Daleks and the Cybermen, the two most persistent enemies the Doctor has ever had, all the more impressive. Cybernetics Eat Your Soul : Partially Cyber-Converted into a Cyberman during his final encounter, Lytton experienced this one personally. Heroic Sacrifice : Rather heroic for the character, as he was partially turned into a Cyberman at the time and near-death. Only One Name : Commander Lytton had only one name in


Which iconic musical actress was born Frances Gumm in 1922?

Frances Ethel Gumm (1922 - 1969) - Genealogy Frances Ethel Gumm "Judy /Garland/", "Baby Gumm", "Baby" Birthdate: Grant Rapids, Itasca, Minnesota, United States Death: in London, England Cause of death: accidental drug overdose self-overdosage" of barbiturates; her blood contained the equivalent of ten 1.5-grain (97 mg) Seconal capsules. Place of Burial: Hartsdale, Westchester, New York, United States Immediate Family: June 8 1952 - San Benito, California, United States Husband: June 8 1952 - San Benito, California, United States Husband: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: "...Minelli, in 1945, and bottom right, with husband No. 3, Sid Luft, in 1953. Wirtoholo Judy Garland Death Believed Natural .IUDY, From ... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ".... DIES AT Judy Garland, was found dead in her London home by' her fifth husband, Mickey Deans. Judy Garland Continued from Page 1 wri... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... commented: "It was a simple, plain case of sudden death." Miss Garland had been mir- ried to Deans, a 35-year ... newsmen! "Finally, fin... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... Friday will be conducted by the .Rev. Peter who married Miss Garland and Deans in London in Among those invited to attend the funeral ta... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... Las Vegas just before Susie died. Susie was the oldest cf the Gumm sisters. Mrs. Thompson was the middle sister and Judy, who ussd the s... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... in her gloved hands. She wore tier wedding ring, a twin to Deans'. 'JUDY BEAUTIFUL' Nearby ... will be conducted by the Rev. Peter Delan... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... is due to he performed, according to Scot- land Yard. Miss Garland, who was born Frances Gumm in Grand Rapids, Minn., made ... from inju... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... Episcopal rites Friday will be conducted by Peter who married Miss Garland and Deans in London in Among those invited ... to They passed... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: "...Garland had been married to Deans, a 35-year-old former New York discotheque manager, for IOO days. A friend, singer .Gina Dangerfiel... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... commented: "It was a simple, plain case of sudden death." Miss Garland had ... 15, she told newsmen: "Finally, finally I am loved." Born... Date: sister About Judy Garland Judy Garland (born Frances Ethel Gumm; June 10, 1922 – June 22, 1969) was an American actress and singer. Through a career that spanned 45 of her 47 years, Garland attained international stardom as an actress in musical and dramatic roles, as a recording artist and on the concert stage. Respected for her versatility, she received a Juvenile Academy Award, won a Golden Globe Award, received the Cecil B. DeMille Award for her work in films, as well as Grammy Awards and a Tony Award. She had a contralto singing range. After appearing in vaudeville with her sisters, Garland was signed to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer as a teenager. There she made more than two dozen films, including nine with Mickey Rooney, and the film with which she would be most identified, The Wizard of Oz (1939). After 15 years, Garland was released from the studio but gained renewed success through record-breaking concert appearances, including a critically acclaimed Carnegie Hall concert, a well-regarded but short-lived television series and a return to film acting beginning with A Star Is Born (1954). Despite her professional triumphs, Garland battled personal problems throughout her life. Insecure about her appearance, her feelings were compounded by film executives who told her she was unattractive and overweight. Plied with drugs to control her weight and increase her productivity, Garland endured a decades-long struggle with addiction. Garland was plagued by financial instability, often owing hundreds of thousands of dollars in back taxes, and her first four of five marriages ended in divorce. She attempted suicide on a number of occasions. Garland died of an accidental drug overdose at the age of forty-seven, leaving children Liza Minnelli, Lorna Luft and Joey Luft. In


What is the usual collective noun for a group of toads?

Collective Nouns for Mathematicians - Scientific American Blog Network Roots of Unity Collective Nouns for Mathematicians Every once in a while I stumble on an interesting collective noun, usually for animals: a parliament of owls, a knot of toads, an exaltation of larks. By Evelyn Lamb on January 14, 2014 Share on Facebook Advertisement | Report Ad A "proof" of mathematicians at the 2013 Joint Mathematics Meetings in San Diego. Image: American Mathematical Society. Every once in a while I stumble on an interesting collective noun, usually for animals: a parliament of owls , a knot of toads, an exaltation of larks. I'll be at the Joint Math Meetings this week with several thousand of my best mathematical friends, so it seems appropriate to figure out what to call a group of mathematicians. Even that word "group" is loaded, though. It has a precise meaning in algebra , so other mathematicians might feel left out if we use it as the collective noun for mathematicians in general. (It's rather dull anyway. No offense, group theorists.) I have heard an "awkward" suggested as an appropriate collective noun for mathematicians, but that is unkind and (nearly half the time) inaccurate. I humbly suggest that a collection of mathematicians should instead be called a "proof" because proofs bring us together across all different subdisciplines of mathematics. (Plus, it reminds me of "pride," and lions are cool.) Coming up with appropriate collective nouns for practitioners of the subdisciplines is an entertaining pastime in an of itself. Some participants at a recent conference I attended got on the subject, and this list contains some of their suggestions. (The conference was on character varieties ; naturally, we decided that we should be called "a variety of characters.") Here are some of our suggestions. A group of algebraists A sequence of analysts, or an epsilon for just a few of them A tuple of number theorists A Cantor of set theorists A Noether of ring theorists A stack of algebraic geometers, or a scheme of particularly conniving ones A model of applied mathematicians A filter of...whatever the mathematicians are who study filters—an ultrafilter if they're really impressive A clique of graph theorists A quiver of category theorists A weak mix of halfhearted dynamicists, or a strong mix of enthusiastic ones A Euclid of geometers, a Lobachevsky of hyperbolic geometers A knot of low-dimensional topologists (sorry you have to share the noun with toads), or a tangle for a whole lot of them A bundle of topologists A distribution of probabilists An inference of statisticians (or a regression if they're not on their best behavior) Unsurprisingly, my conference buddies and I weren't the first people to come up with witty collective nouns for mathematicians. The website all-sorts has a list of suggestions for mathematicians in general. (My favorite might be the simple "number.") And the blog eon specializes with such suggestions as "a residue of complex analysts" and "a permutation of combinatorists." (Though really, wouldn't " combination " be more appropriate? Combinatorists are egalitarian: order doesn't matter! But I guess "a combination of combinatorists" doesn't really roll off the tongue.) Did I leave off your mathematical discipline from the list, or did I miss a good one? Please share your favorite mathematical collective nouns with me! And if you're in Baltimore for the meetings this week, I hope to see you there. If not, maybe you'd like to follow along by reading Adriana Salerno's blog . The views expressed are those of the author(s) and are not necessarily those of Scientific American. Advertisement |


Analysis of the Social Context of Arms and the Man by George Bernard Shaw Author Exact author Home » Literature » Fiction » Analysis of the Social Context of Arms and the Man by George Bernard Shaw Analysis of the Social Context of Arms and the Man by George Bernard Shaw Other essays and articles in the  Literature Archives  related to this topic include :  Class and Social Critique in “Arms and the Man” by George Bernard Shaw  •   The Economics of Socialism George Bernard Shaw wrote  Arms and the Man  in 1893 during the Victorian era when most plays were lighter dramas or comedies in the vein of  The Importance of Being Earnest,  which was a play about manners and other Victorian conventions. Still, in many ways, Arms and the Man, despite some of its themes, is a perfect example of  Victorian literature . The play opened to the British public in 1894 to mixed reviews and was one of the plays included in the Plays Pleasant Volume which included a few of Shaw’s other, less popular works including “You Never Can Tell.” What is most interesting about Arms and the Man is that, although it is a comedy, it deals with several political and social themes covertly. Ideas such as the idealism behind war and the  romanticism  of love are attacked through satire and even more importantly, issues of class are brought to the forefront. Shaw was an avid  socialist  and had a number of beliefs about class that are appropriate to the historical situation in Europe.  At the time the play was performed, Britain was experiencing a number of significant social and political changes as issues of class were coming to the forefront of national debates. The idea of class struggle is at the heart of “Arms and the Man” by George Bernard Shaw but instead of making the reader or viewer keenly aware of them, he slips in a number of thought-provoking lines and makes one think about these issues after the laughter has faded. Unlike other plays of the time,Arms and the Man did not seek to merely entertain an audience with polite humor. Instead, it sought to expose some of the most pressing issues of the day in a palatable format—the comedy. This is a trademark feature of Shaw’s plays and he once wrote, “What is the use of writing plays, what is the use of writing anything, if there is not a will which finally moulds chaos itself into a race of gods” (Peters 109). In other words, George Bernard Shaw thought that there was no sense in writing something for mere entertainment, what he wrote had to serve a higher purpose and encourage people to think rather to sit and be content to be entertained. At the time George Bernard Shaw wrote the  Arms and the Man  there were a number of class struggles taking place in Britain as a new wave of  socialist ideology  was taking hold. Up until this point, workers in Britain were often paid low wages and offered little security as their country became even further  industrialized . In response there were several workers movements that rose up across the nation and this drew the attention of artists and writers such as Shaw. Issues of class struggle were coming to the forefront of both political and debates in Europe and Shaw began working with the socialist cause. His feelings that the British workers were not advocating their interests enough and that the political structure in England was making it impossible for them to have any success led him to speak out publicly, often at the risk of some of his personal friendships. In addition to writing plays, Shaw became a full-time advocate of  socialism  and joined the Fabian Society where he wrote a number of socialist documents. He also traveled to Russia, met with Stalin, and came home to declare how wonderfully he believed socialism was going in that country. In “Arms and the Man” George Bernard Shaw chose to set his place in the midst of a foreign war, in part so that he could offer some commentary about war. The lead female in the play, much like English audiences of the time, is sucked into the idea of the war hero and finds it difficult to think that war is anything


In the Beatrix Potter stories, what sort of animal or creature is Jeremy Fisher?

Cicely Mary Barker (1895–1973), Illustration of the Pink Fairies for Flower Fairies of the Garden, 1944. Reproduction of Flower Fairy illustrations, © The Estate of Cicely Mary Barker, 2009 Beatrix Potter and Cicely Mary Barker In the early 19th century there was a widespread enthusiasm for flower fairies. This originated in J.J. Grandville's illustrations to Les Fleurs Animées of 1847 – incited by the Narcissus, Grandville's flowers become disenchanted with their 'flower-life' and beg the Flower Fairy to permit them to live on earth as humans. From the late 19th century onwards the genre developed further in the work of Kate Greenaway and other artists, and in the 1920s it was popularised by Cicely Mary Barker, beginning with Flower Fairies of the Spring (1923). In her fascination with natural history and scientific observation Cicely Mary Barker has often been associated with Beatrix Potter. Potter also imagined 'a fairyland amongst the wild flowers, the animals, fungi, mosses, woods and streams, all the thousand objects of the countryside'. Both artists began their careers producing designs for greetings cards manufacturers, and both were largely self-taught. Potter's lack of formal schooling preserved her originality, while Barker claimed to draw 'without any real thought or attention to artistic theories'. However, both were strongly influenced by what Potter described as the Pre-Raphaelites' 'niggling but absolutely genuine admiration for copying natural details'. Their principal concern was to explore the world of the imagination while remaining faithful to the true likeness of things. Sketching always from life, Barker produced meticulous preparatory studies of flowers and even obtained cuttings of less common varieties from Kew Gardens. Both she and Potter show a keen eye for natural beauty and a botanist's concern for scientific accuracy. 'Oakmen unloading the wagon, whilst rabbits eat', pencil & wash drawing by Beatrix Potter, 1916. © Frederick Warne & Co. Beatrix Potter and Ernest Aris Beatrix Potter had always illustrated her own stories but by 1916 her eyesight was beginning to fail and her hands were growing stiff. She urged her publisher to find 'some second string' to illustrate her new tale, The Oakmen. Keen to retain the credit for the illustrations, Potter sought a commercial illustrator who would 'draw to order'. She sent pencil sketches of her designs, along with instructions, to a prolific children's illustrator, Ernest Aris (1882 - 1963). However, she was careful to conceal both the text of her story and her own identity. In the end, copyright difficulties meant that The Oakmen was never published. Potter in any case felt that Aris was 'not quite a good enough artist'. For her, his work demonstrated 'considerable technical facility' but 'no originality'. Instead, Potter recounted the story in a picture-letter to her niece, Nancy Nicholson. It may have been Aris's business-like approach that can account for his lack of imagination and subtlety. Indeed, he himself said that his artistic method had always been governed by a set of 'commandments'. Potter, however, refused to work to order, arguing that 'The more spontaneous the pleasure - the more happy the result'. Maurice Sendak in front of Beatrix Potter's house, Hill Top Farm, Sawrey, Cumbria, UK. © The National Trust Beatrix Potter and Maurice Sendak Maurice Sendak (1928 - 2012) was the internationally acclaimed American author and illustrator of Where The Wild Things Are and In The Night Kitchen. The power of his stories both to delight and disturb made him one of the most highly honoured yet controversial children’s authors and illustrators of our time. Sendak often drew on the work of earlier artists. His influences include Beatrix Potter, but also Albrecht Dürer, William Blake and Randolph Caldecott. He admired Potter’s art for its ‘beauty’, ‘poetry’ and ‘aliveness’: ‘And how she could draw! – a gift not all illustrators are endowed with.’ Sendak’s illustrations to Robert Graves’s children’s story, The Big Green Book (1962), incorporate sever


Darts player Phil Taylor is normally known by what nickname?

Phil Taylor - IMDb IMDb Actor Phil Taylor was born on August 13, 1960 in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England as Philip Douglas Taylor. He is an actor, known for Bullseye (1981), Fry and Laurie Reunited (2010) and World Professional Darts Championship (1978). He was previously married to Yvonne. See full bio » Born: Do you have a demo reel? Add it to your IMDbPage How much of Phil Taylor's work have you seen? User Polls Bullseye Himself - Special Guest / Himself - Contestant (1990-1994)  2009 Coronation Street (TV Series) Disco Dave - Episode #1.7001 (2009) ... Disco Dave Hide   2016 The Mavericks (TV Mini-Series documentary) Himself  2014 Timeshift (TV Series documentary) Himself - Darts Player  2013 Sports Life Stories (TV Series documentary) Himself - 16-Time World Darts Champion - Eric Bristow (2013) ... Himself - 16-Time World Darts Champion  2013 The Power of Darts (TV Movie documentary) Himself - 16 Times World Champion  2013 Pointless Celebrities (TV Series) Himself - Contestant  2013 60 Minutes Sports (TV Series documentary) Himself - Dart Player (segment "Darts Wonderland")  2013 Sunday Brunch (TV Series) Himself - Guest  2013 Hamburg Journal (TV Series) Himself


Which 1975 film features a boat called the Orca ?

Orca (boat) | Jaws Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia [ show ] ORCA: The Amity incident Captained by the misanthropic, eccentric war veteran known simply among island locals as  Quint , Orca was sunk off the coast of Martha's Vineyard following an extended fishing excursion in the summer of 1973. On its final voyage, Orca was crewed by Martha's Vineyard chief of police, Martin Brody, and a schooled oceanographer from Woods Hole, Matt Hooper . A game fisherman in every sense, Quint was steadfast as the boats' beleaguered captain to the very end, with machete and blood flying in dramatic recoil. The demise of the Orca was due in part to structural damage resulting from relentless attacks by a now infamous maniacal rogue shark. Although the boat had been designed to seek out and catch sharks, it was ultimately no match for the overtly cunning, pursuing predator Quint was hired to catch. Attempting to draw the monster in to the shallows, the Orca was eventually over revved and inadvertently scuttled. After listing to port, Brody was able to fire one final explosive shot from the sinking mast at a compressed air tank in the jaws of the attacking shark.  Conspiracy theory It was well known by most Islanders that Chief Brody had been at odds with the mayor which thereby cast doubt as to the validity of the subsequent police report filed upon his return. The town council also steadfastly refused to pay the agreed bounty ($10,000) as promised, claiming there was still no verifiable proof the shark had either been caught or killed per the terms of the contract. Members of the council claimed the mayor had reluctantly been coerced into signing, citing fraud on the part of the chief. The town council believed that ORCA was purposely sabotaged, rather than having been sunk by the shark which had been terrorizing the island. Their official claim on record stated the ORCA had merely been scuttled as part of an insurance scheme, cooked up by Brody in order to appropriate the bounty. In addition, it was claimed that Quint had gone into hiding in collusion with Chief Brody to avoid tax revenue and fines due in part to civic ordinance violations, and zoning laws. As a result, an investigation was launched and Brody was removed from his post as chief of police rather than being lauded as the islands savior. Brody subsequently fled his place of residence, and while evading local authorities was entangled in an altercation with a pair of amateur nature photographers who encountered Brody on a trail. One of the pair were able to take a photo of Brody at gun point before fleeing down the mountainside. History During the war in the pacific (WW2), while on a return trip to home port after having delivered the atomic bomb, Quint's ship, (the USS Indianapolis) was hit by torpedos fired from a Japanese submarine. With only a life jacket for floatation, he survived an ordeal at sea for five days surrounded by swarms of killer sharks. Quint's mission during the war had been so secret, no distress call was sent, and a crew of nearly 1100 were lost. Taking his new found passion and disdain for sharks to the extreme, Quint used what little funds he had and purchased a modified wooden lobster boat off Nova Scotia. As a working boat, 'Novi's' were dependable, highly buoyant, tough, and easy to repair; and were the mainstay for most lobster fisherman in the region. Aptly named 'Warlock', when Quint purchased it, the boat had been named by its first owner in an ode to warding off evil spirits. For Quint, this name seemed apropos as he had been plagued emotionally following his harrowing wartime ordeal at sea, and the last thing he wanted was to be in a ship that would ever sink again.  Components With the purchase of his vessel complete, Quint set about transforming 'Warlock' into the formidable 'shark seeker' known as ORCA. To improve its hunting capabilities, Quint added an expanded fly bridge, surplus search light, and a reinforced crow's nest to aid in measuring dorsal fins from extended distances. While Quint was steadfastly against using fancy or advanced


What name have the Beckhams given to their fourth child and first daughter?

Harper Seven – a daughter for Victoria and David Beckham | Life and style | The Guardian Harper Seven – a daughter for Victoria and David Beckham David Beckham announces arrival of Harper Seven Beckham on Twitter Harper Seven is Victoria Beckham's fourth child, but first daughter. Photograph: Jamie Mccarthy/Getty Images for Bergdorf Goodma Press Association Monday 11 July 2011 04.36 EDT First published on Monday 11 July 2011 04.36 EDT Close This article is 5 years old Victoria Beckham has given birth to a baby girl – the first daughter for the former Spice Girl and her footballer husband David. The baby, named Harper Seven, was delivered on Sunday at Cedars Sinai hospital in Los Angeles. In a statement on his Facebook page, former England captain Beckham said: "I am so proud and excited to announce the birth of our daughter Harper Seven Beckham . "She weighed a healthy 7lbs 10oz and arrived at 7.55 this morning, here in LA. Victoria is doing really well and her brothers are delighted to have a baby sister xx." The Beckhams, who married in 1999, already have three boys - Brooklyn, 11, Romeo, eight, and Cruz, five. Their spokesman, Simon Oliveira, announced the happy news on Twitter. "David & Victoria Beckham are delighted to announce the birth of their daughter," he wrote. In another posting, he added: "Brooklyn, Romeo and Cruz are excited to welcome their new baby sister to the family." Friends of the couple were quick to send their congratulations. A delighted Mel B, who is expecting her third child later this year, expressed her excitement on Twitter, writing: "congrats!!! Yipeee another spice baby is born, damn it wish it was me this AM cos I feel like I'm about to POP!" Former Spice Girl Emma Bunton also tweeted: "Big kiss to @victoriabeckham can't wait to meet your gorgeous little girl!" Before the baby's name was confirmed, stylist Sally Lyndley alluded to a possible name for the newborn, writing: "congratulations on gorgeous baby Beverly!!! X." While Brooklyn was named after the place where he was conceived, this appeared to suggest the pair – who live in Beverly Hills – had once again opted to name a child after a location close to their hearts. While the name Harper is not unusual in the US, seven was David's number with Manchester United and the England team. Other unusual celebrity baby names include : Moon Unit: Frank Zappa Apple: Chris Martin and Gwyneth Paltrow Fifi Trixibell: Bob Geldof and Paula Yates (also parents to Peaches and Pixie) Hopper: Sean Penn and Robin Wright Lark Song: Mia Farrow and André Previn Shiloh Nouvel: Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie Pilot Inspektor: Jason Lee


Whose report in December 1942 led to the setting up of the N.H.S.?

The Cabinet Papers | 1940's Origins of the Welfare State You are here: Cabinet Papers home > A level studies > The Welfare State > 1940's Origins of the Welfare State 1940's Origins of the Welfare State In December 1942 William Beveridge , a senior civil servant, identified five 'giant evils' that plagued society: Disease Squalor Idleness He published his findings in a popular report titled 'Social Insurance and Allied Services'. Britain's National Insurance system had previously been looked after by different agencies (including charities and government departments) and was in a fragmented state. In recommending new ways to relieve the five 'giant evils', Beveridge became known as the Father of the Welfare State, although he disliked the term. Beveridge had social security in mind: in return for paying a national insurance contribution, the citizen would gain security against the major ills. Beveridge insisted on the contributory element to the programme, as he did not want to damage people's sense of independence and personal responsibility. Neither did he want to redistribute wealth between classes, believing people should be free to better themselves if they had the ability and possibility to do so. First measures The first of Beveridge's proposals came into effect before the war ended. In 1944 a Ministry of National Insurance was set up in Newcastle, and in June 1945 the Conservative government passed the Family Allowances Act. The payments were 5 shillings for every child per week, lower than Beveridge had proposed, and only given from the birth of the second child. Campaigners were pleased, but further progress had to wait for the general election in July 1945. The result was a landslide victory for the Labour Party under Clement Attlee . Attlee had campaigned hard under the banner of the creation of a Welfare State and now seized upon Beveridge's proposals as a basis for radical action. National insurance and assistance Beveridge recommended that means testing, and other fragmented approaches to helping those in need, be replaced by one system. All workers would pay into a national insurance scheme run by the government instead of insurance companies. There would be a flat rate contribution and everyone would be entitled to a flat rate benefit. The flat rate for unemployment or sickness insurance would be high enough and long lasting enough that there would be no need for public assistance. In order to remove poverty there would be extra benefits that provided for children and health care. Overall, there was very little opposition to government plans. As British historian Kenneth Morgan put it: 'The Welfare State, the other main government initiative of this period, also excited only limited controversy. All parties and all commentators, it seemed, emerged from the war beneath the mighty intellectual shade of William Beveridge and the 'cradle to the grave' philosophy.' - Kenneth Morgan, The People's Peace, 2001 This was surprising, as Beveridge himself did not want people to become dependent on the Welfare State, and wanted benefits to be fairly limited. National Insurance Act 1946 The National Insurance (NI) Act was passed in 1946. NI now became compulsory for all workers except married women. Most people paid the fairly substantial 4s 11d a week (almost as much as received for each child in family allowance per week). In return, workers received benefits for 'interruption of earnings' as a result of illness, and for unemployment or old age. For the elderly, a state pension was paid when men reached 65 and women reached 60. Older workers were encouraged to continue working and two thirds of men decided to carry on rather than take up their pension. Mothers received a lump sum on the birth of each child and if they had been paying NI, received an allowance for 18 weeks. A death grant gave widows help with funeral expenses and as an extension to the scheme, the Industrial Injuries Act gave compensation for people injured or killed at work. The hope was to have all of Beveridge's plans in operation by 1948 - but th


What river flows through the Grand Canyon?

Rivers and Streams - Grand Canyon National Park (U.S. National Park Service) Rivers and Streams Rivers and Streams Rivers and Streams Water is a vital natural resource, particularly in the arid southwest. Most of the flow of the Colorado River through Grand Canyon originates in the Rocky Mountain region. From its origin to its mouth in the Gulf of California, many hands have claimed the Colorado waters for such purposes as irrigation and water supply. The Colorado River within the boundaries of Grand Canyon National Park drains an area of approximately 41,070 square miles. The major perennial streams feeding into the Colorado (such as Kanab and Havasu creeks, the Little Colorado River and the Paria River) are related to large perennial spring systems on both the north and south sides of the Canyon. However, the majority of water sources are intermittent or ephemeral in nature. The availability of water in these individual systems is closely related to geologic structure, seasonality and annual precipitation. Knowledge of all water sources within Grand Canyon is incomplete. A partial inventory was done in 1979 over a 1,881 square mile area of the park which found 57 perennial water sources, 21 of which are streams and 36 which are seeps. Specific geologic layers, such as the Muav limestone, are the most common sources for these perennial waters.


Which part of the mouth can be affected by Quinsy?

Quinsy   - Sore Throat Guide Changes to the tone or pitch  of the voice Swelling around the neck  and face Headache Feeling unwell or under  the weather The worst aspect of quinsy is the painful sore throat. This causes a great deal of swelling around the infected area which makes it difficult to swallow and in some cases, to breathe normally. Diagnosing quinsy If you have tonsillitis or a painful sore throat which is also affecting your breathing then visit your GP. He/she will examine your throat including your tonsils and will confirm or reject a diagnosis of quinsy. If quinsy has been diagnosed then you will be referred to an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist who will carry out tests as part of a further investigation. It is important to attend to this as soon as possible to stop the infection from spreading, for example into the lungs. Dangers of quinsy This is a serious condition which needs to be treated as soon as possible. If left untreated it will worsen over time to the extent that it could become life threatening. The worst case scenario is that the infected abscess on the tonsil bursts which causes pus to be inhaled. If this reaches the lungs then it can cause a condition called ‘aspiration’. Aspiration occurs when substances or foreign bodies enter the trachea and the lungs. If this happens then small sections of lung tissue may be damaged or it can result in a serious disease such as chemical pneumonitis. There is also the risk of bacterial infections such as lung abscess or acute respiratory failure. Treatment for quinsy This usually involves medication and surgery. Medication includes a course of antibiotics –usually intravenously - to prevent the infection from spreading. Examples of antibiotics used to treat quinsy include amoxicillin and penicillin. You may also be given a dose of steroids –also intravenously as this has been shown to help speed up the recovery process. Painkillers are also useful to deal with any discomfort such as a sore throat. Most cases of quinsy cannot be cured by medication alone which means that surgery is needed. This means draining away the pus filled fluid from the abscess. Known as ‘needle aspiration’ it involves the use of fine needle which helps to draw out the pus. The surgeon then removes pus from the infected area using this needle. This pus is then sent to a laboratory for analysis. Another option is where you are given a local or general anaesthetic before an incision and drainage procedure. The surgeon will make a small incision in the abscess to drain off the infected fluid. This fluid will also undergo laboratory analysis. Tonsillectomy If you have a severe form of quinsy or experience this on more than one occasion then a tonsillectomy will be performed. This is surgical removal of the tonsils. Find out more in our throat surgery section. This usually deals with the majority of quinsy cases but there are a few situations where quinsy reoccurs even after a tonsillectomy. The reason for this is that it develops between the tonsil and the back of the throat as well as on the actual tonsil itself. So if you have had quinsy before and it occurred near to your tonsils then there is a risk of it happening again. Your surgeon or GP will discuss this with you.


What's the most common English name for the bird with the taxonomical name Crex crex, also known as the Land Rail?

Db 26(5)2004 by DutchBirding - issuu issuu V O L U M E 2 6 2 0 0 4 DUTCH BIRDING Bird counting in Iran in January 2004 Harvey van Diek, Rob Felix, Menno Hornman, Peter L Meininger, Frank Willems & Mark Zekhuis F rom 9 to 29 January 2004, we were part of a group of 10 Dutch birders who visited Iran to participate in the international mid-winter count of waterbirds. The Iranian Department of the Environment (DoE) invited us not only to count birds but also to educate local employees how to identify and count them. Transport and housing in Iran were facilitated by the DoE; the Dutch participants arranged visa and the flights between Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and Tehran, Iran. After arrival in Tehran, the group split into five teams of two, each complemented with two or three employees of the DoE and a driver. The counts took place in a two-week period. During sparse moments between the counts, we enjoyed birds other than waterbirds, as well as other Iranian wildlife. On 26 January, the group gathered again in Tehran and, the next day, we all went to the Touran protected area for an encounter with the endemic Pleske’s Ground Jay Podoces pleskei. Country With a land surface of 1636 million km2, the Islamic Republic of Iran is 40 times the size of the Netherlands. The country is divided into 28 provinces and inhabited by almost 80 million people, of whom c 16 million live in Tehran. Iran is a rugged country; there is a high, central basin with deserts and mountains and only along both coasts, there are small, discontinuous plains. The highest mountain is Kuh-e Damavand (5671 m). The weather in the north and in the mountains can be wet and cold. In the south, temperatures are normally not below 5°C in winter, while in summer one should try to avoid these parts of the country because of high temperatures of up to 50°C. The national language is Farsi and, although only few people speak English, Iran appears to be a very hospitable country. Travelling must be done by public transport or organized tours, since car rental is almost impossible and traffic is 422 Sunset near Touran, Semnan, Iran, 27 January 2004 (Harvey van Diek) [Dutch Birding 26: 287-296, 2004] 287 Bird counting in Iran in January 2004 dangerous. We travelled with experienced drivers and each group was joined by at least one English-speaking person. We had a good experience with Ecotour-Iran (www.ecotour-iran.com), who took us to Touran. This is the only tour and travel agency in Iran that does nature trips with well-educated and English-speaking guides. In Iran, c 492 species have been recorded (cf Firouz 2000). Considering the lack of birdwatchers, large size of the country, great range of habitats, and the countryâ€™s position at the crossroads of three major faunal regions, it seems likely that many species will be added to this total. Counting Each team visited a different province. In total, the five teams recorded 287 species. Most birds and species were found in the coastal areas. Our main task was to census waterbirds in as many wetlands as possible. One of the targets was to find Slender-billed Curlews Numenius tenuirostris, which have been claimed in the last 10 years but never by experienced birdwatchers and never with conclusive documentation. In total, c 1.5 million waterbirds were counted in January 2004. This total was lower than expected. In previous years, c 3 million birds were recorded by Iranian birdwatchers. Unfavourable weather conditions (much rain and high temperatures in the north and south-west and drought in the south and south-east) may have been causes for the lower counts. Differences in experience in estimating large groups of birds could be an additional explanation. From all five provinces the highlights and some interesting bird numbers are presented in this paper. Full details of the census will be published in a separate report. Gilan Peter de Boer and Menno van Straaten counted in Gilan province, in the north-west along the Caspian Sea, where c 220 000 waterbirds were noted. Highlights were a Lesser White-fronted


Who was the lead singer with the pop group The Mindbenders?

The Mindbenders The Mindbenders Artists The Mindbenders Wayne Fontana founded the band with Bob Lang, Ric Rothwell, and Eric Stewart in 1963. They released a few unsuccessful singles before recording "Um Um Um Um Um Um" in 1964, which was a major hit in Britain and led to a tour with Brenda Lee. They also had a number one hit in the United States with "The Game of Love." After a tour of America and some more unsuccessful singles, Fontana abruptly left the band in the middle of a concert in 1965. Guitarist Eric Stewart suddenly became the lead singer of the band, which immediately dropped "Wayne Fontana" from its name. The Mindbenders' first single without Fontana was the hit "Groovy Kind of Love" (a Carole Bayer Sager / Toni Wine composition). The song reached number two in the U.S., and was successfully revived by Phil Collins in the 1980s. The album of the same name, however, was a failure, as were their other singles and later albums. Although they appeared in the Sidney Poitier movie To Sir, with Love, the band broke up in 1968. For Wayne Fontana himself, still under contract to Fontana Records, he soldiered on alone. His most successful solo single release was "Pamela, Pamela", which reached Number 11 in the UK singles chart early in 1967. Conversely, it was also his last hit. Eric Stewart went on to form Hotlegs and, much more significantly the band 10cc, with hit songwriter Graham Gouldman. Bob Lang later joined another rock music outfit, called Racing Cars. They had one hit single, "They Shoot Horses, Don't They?" which reached Number 14 in the UK chart in 1977, before seemingly disappearing forever, thus condemning them to the unwanted one hit wonder tag. Rock Pop Classic rock 60s Oldies