In chemistry, what term is used to describe a chemical reaction when heat is absorbed from the surroundings?

Exothermic and Endothermic Processes About Watch and Favorite Watch Watching this resources will notify you when proposed changes or new versions are created so you can keep track of improvements that have been made. Favorite Favoriting this resource allows you to save it in the “My Resources” tab of your account. There, you can easily access this resource later when you’re ready to customize it or assign it to your students. Exothermic and Endothermic Processes Endothermic reactions absorb energy from the environment, while exothermic reactions release energy to the environment. Learning Objective Distinguish between endothermic and exothermic reactions Key Points All chemical reactions involve the transfer of energy . Endothermic processes require an input of energy to proceed and are signified by a positive change in enthalpy . Exothermic processes release energy upon completion, and are signified by a negative change in enthalpy. Terms Register for FREE to remove ads and unlock more features! Learn more Full Text All chemical processes are accompanied by energy changes. When a reaction proceeds, it either releases energy to, or absorbs energy from, its surroundings . In thermodynamics , these two types of reactions are classified as exothermic or endothermic, respectively. An easy way to remember the difference between these two reaction types is by their prefixes: endo- means to draw in, and exo- means to give off. We will explore these concepts in more detail after introducing the concept of enthalpy. Enthalpy Enthalpy (signified as H) is a measure of the total energy of a system and often expresses and simplifies energy transfer between systems. Since the total enthalpy of a system cannot be measured directly, we most often refer to the change in enthalpy for a particular chemical reaction. At constant pressure , the change in enthalpy is equal to the heat given off, or the heat absorbed, in a given chemical reaction: $\Delta H=q_{rxn}$ Due to this relation, the change in enthalpy, $\Delta H$ , is often referred to as the "heat of reaction." Exothermic Reactions Exothermic reactions are reactions or processes that release energy, usually in the form of heat or light. In an exothermic reaction, energy is released because the total energy of the products is less than the total energy of the reactants . For this reason, the change in enthalpy, $\Delta H$ , for an exothermic reaction will always be negative. In the presence of water, a strong acid will dissociate quickly and release heat, so it is an exothermic reaction. In an exothermic reaction, the total energy of the products is less than the total energy of the reactants. Therefore, the change in enthalpy is negative, and heat is released to the surroundings. Endothermic Reactions Endothermic reactions are reactions that require external energy, usually in the form of heat, for the reaction to proceed. Since endothermic reactions draw in heat from their surroundings, they tend to cause their environments to cool down. They are also generally non-spontaneous, since endothermic reactions yield products that are higher in energy than the reactants. As such, the change in enthalpy for an endothermic reaction is always positive. In order to melt the ice cube, heat is required, so the process is endothermic.


Which insect is the host of the parasitic organism that causes sleeping sickness?

CDC - African Trypanosomiasis - General Information - East African Trypanosomiasis FAQs East African Trypanosomiasis FAQs To receive email updates about this page, enter your email address: Enter Email Address How can I prevent African trypanosomiasis and prevent other insect bites? What is East African trypanosomiasis? There are two types of African trypanosomiasis (also called sleeping sickness); each is named for the region of Africa in which they were found historically. East African trypanosomiasis is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, which is carried by the tsetse fly. Each year, a few hundred cases of East African trypanosomiasis are reported to the World Health Organization. However, many cases are not recognized or reported and the true number of new cases is higher. Since 1967, 40 cases of East African trypanosomiasis have been diagnosed or treated in the United States, all among individuals who had traveled to eastern Africa. More on: West African Trypanosomiasis FAQs How is East African trypanosomiasis spread? A person will get East African trypanosomiasis if he or she is bitten by a tsetse fly infected with the Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense parasite. The proportion of tsetse flies that are infected with this parasite is low. The tsetse fly is found only in rural Africa. Is East African trypanosomiasis a serious illness? Yes. If a person fails to receive medical treatment for East African trypanosomiasis, death will occur, usually within months. Where can you become infected with East African trypanosomiasis? East African trypanosomiasis is found in parts of Eastern and Southeastern Africa. More than 95% of cases are reported from Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, and Zambia. What are the signs and symptoms of East African trypanosomiasis? A bite by the tsetse fly is often painful and can develop into a red sore, also called a chancre. Fever, severe headaches, irritability, extreme fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and aching muscles and joints are common symptoms of sleeping sickness. Some people develop a skin rash. Progressive confusion, personality changes, and other neurologic problems occur after infection has invaded the central nervous system. If left untreated, infection becomes worse and death will occur within months. How soon after infection will I have symptoms of East African trypanosomiasis? Symptoms usually within 1 to 3 weeks after an infective bite. Back To Top What should I do if I think I may have African trypanosomiasis? If you suspect that you may have East African trypanosomiasis, immediately consult with your health care provider, who will order several tests to look for the parasite. A skin biopsy may be done if you have a chancre. Blood tests will be done and a spinal tap may also be performed. What is the treatment for East African trypanosomiasis? Medical treatment of East African trypanosomiasis should begin as soon as possible and is based on the infected person’s laboratory results. Medication for the treatment of East African trypanosomiasis is available through CDC. Hospitalization for treatment is usually necessary. Periodic follow-up exams that include a spinal tap are required for 2 years. Once infected, am I immune to East African trypanosomiasis? Even if you had the disease once, you can get re-infected. Who is at risk for contracting East African trypanosomiasis? Tsetse flies are found in woodland and savannah areas and they bite during daylight hours. Travelers to urban areas are not at risk. The persons most likely to be exposed to the infection are tourists, hunters, and others working in or visiting game parks. Villagers with infected cattle herds are also at risk. Can I take a medication to prevent East African trypanosomiasis? There is neither a vaccine nor recommended drug available to prevent East African trypanosomiasis. How can I prevent African trypanosomiasis and prevent other insect bites? Wear protective clothing, including long-sleeved shirts and pants. The tsetse fly can bite through thin fabrics, so clothing should be made of medium-weight mate


Which British composer was working on an operetta called The Emerald Isle at the time of his death in 1900?

GERMAN, E.: Violin and Piano Works - Souvenir / Pastorale / Song Without Words / Bolero (A. Long, Buckle) Works for Violin and Piano   Born in the small market-town of Whitchurch in Shropshire, Edward German was baptised German Edward Jones—the G being pronounced hard, probably in a Shropshire anglicization of the Welsh saint’s name, Garmon. His mother, an amateur singer with a pleasing voice, fostered the young German’s musical talent, which developed through piano lessons from Herr Muller—a local teacher who enjoyed a tipple—and, later, organ lessons from his Welsh father, who played at the local Congregational Chapel. The violin had attracted German at a very early stage. As a schoolboy, he enjoyed playing the violin in chamber groups with other local players. He was, though, largely self-taught as a string player, which is probably why—despite obvious aptitude for the violin—he auditioned as a pianist when he applied for entry to the Royal Academy of Music in London. On his arrival at the Academy in the autumn of 1880, German was steered towards organ as a principal instrument. Soon, though, the violin took precedence. Recognised among the Academy’s most talented players, he appeared as a concerto soloist in several Academy orchestral concerts and went on to win the prestigious Tubbs Bow Prize. At the Academy—where, after a few years, he rearranged his name to avoid confusion with another Edward Jones, German was to become more and more drawn toward composition. No doubt it was his composition professor, Ebenezer Prout (whose tutorials he shared with Henry Wood), who steered his early ambitions that resulted in production of both an operetta (The Two Poets—later renamed The Rival Poets) and a symphony in E minor during German’s Academy years. Having been appointed a sub-professor of violin in 1884, he eventually left in 1887. For a time German worked as a freelance violinist in London, deputising sometimes at the Savoy Theatre, playing for the celebrated Gilbert and Sullivan productions, and as a teacher at Wimbledon School. Then, in 1888, Edward German’s life changed. Recommended by Alberto Randegger, he was offered and accepted an appointment as musical director for Richard Mansfield’s season at The Globe Theatre. The elaborate score he provided for Richard III, the following year, brought the young composer fame almost overnight. Encouraged, German approached the great Henry Irving who was planning a new production of Henry VIII for 1892. He was engaged to write the music and its success confirmed his position as a leading composer for the London stage. The Three Dances written for Henry VIII became immensely popular. They explore a distinctive mock ‘olde-English’ idiom with which German came to be particularly associated. Although the music he wrote for plays goes well beyond this style, there is no doubt that something in this manner became expected of him—and he seems to have been happy to oblige. Theatrical success soon encouraged concert performances of German’s music. In 1890 August Manns invited German to conduct a revised version of his symphony at the Crystal Palace. Manns also programmed the Richard III Overture, and German showed his appreciation by dedicating his 1892 Gipsy Suite to the veteran conductor. In 1891, too, Henschel programmed a new Marche Solonnelle at one of his symphony concerts. Commissions for orchestral works followed throughout the 1890s: a second symphony in 1893 (the Norwich Symphony), two symphonic suites (the Leeds Suite in 1895 and The Seasons in 1899), the 1897 symphonic poem Hamlet, and In Commemoration (a Royal Philharmonic Society commission commemorating Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubilee). He continued writing for Shakespeare productions (Romeo and Juliet in 1895, As You Like It in 1896, Much Ado About Nothing in 1898) as well as for plays by contemporary dramatists, including Henry Arthur Jones (The Tempter in 1894) and Anthony Hope (English Nell in 1900). He also produced songs, piano, and instrumental music, mostly in a lighter vein. Orchestral music, however, remained Ge


Louis IV and Louis V were Kings of France in which century?

��ࡱ�>�� vx����u��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������[ ��-Xbjbj�� "��j�j�Sn������l��� � �����������rtttttt$ !L����������L��r�r�z�r��r� ӎ�L:���R�rr�0�rm�mr�������� Louis XIV I INTRODUCTION �Louis XIV (1638-1715), king of France (1643-1715), known as the Sun King. Louis, third monarch of the Bourbon family, ruled for 72 years, the longest reign in European history. His rule typified the period of absolute monarchy in the second half of the 17th century, during which time kings ruled without the restraint of representative institutions. This epoch is widely known as the age of Louis XIV because other European monarchs imitated and competed with developments in France. Louis inherited a kingdom that was internally divided, militarily exhausted, and nearly bankrupt. He left to his heirs the greatest power in the Western world. Louis�s main achievements were expanding the effectiveness of the central government, increasing the boundaries of France to the north and east, and placing one of his grandsons on the throne of Spain. But these successes cost the nation dearly. The economy suffered during the long years of war, taxes increased, and the countryside was left vulnerable to punishing famines. II EARLY LIFE � Louis XIV was born at Saint-Germain-en-Laye. He was the unexpected child of King Louis XIII and Anne of Austria, who had not had children in their 22-year marriage. He was christened Louis Dieudonn� (literally, �gift of God�). In 1643, before his fifth birthday, his father died, and Louis inherited the crown of France. While Louis was a child, his mother served as regent, ruling France in his place. She was assisted by Jules Cardinal Mazarin, the Italian financier who had been the principal minister of Louis XIII. Mazarin had guided the nation through the later stages of the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648). In this war France struggled against the Habsburg dynasty that ruled Spain for military supremacy in Europe. The roots of the war stretched back to the 16th century, and the two countries fought for decades, each seeking to enlarge its territories and influence. Mazarin understood the intricacies of foreign policy and diplomatic relations as well as anyone in Europe. He attempted to pass his knowledge and skill on to the new king. Coming to power at a young age, Louis did not have the conventional humanist education of most princes, who learned Latin, ancient history, rhetoric, and the arts. Instead his instruction focused on the practical necessities of kingship, such as the history of France and its monarchy and military affairs. As a teenager Louis was allowed to take part in sieges and to watch battles from a safe distance. He also studied what Mazarin regarded as t


"Which poem by Rupert Brooke begins with the line ""If I should die, think only this of me ...""?"

The Soldier - Poems | Academy of American Poets Academy of American Poets The Academy of American Poets is the largest membership-based nonprofit organization fostering an appreciation for contemporary poetry and supporting American poets. For over three generations, the Academy has connected millions of people to great poetry through programs such as National Poetry Month, the largest literary celebration in the world; Poets.org, the Academy’s popular website; American Poets, a biannual literary journal; and an annual series of poetry readings and special events. Since its founding, the Academy has awarded more money to poets than any other organization. browse poems & poets sign up to receive a new poem-a-day in your inbox sign up poem About this Poem  Rupert Brooke is often considered a "Georgian" poet, referring to the 20th century British movement named in honor of King George V. A soldier during World War I, Brooke died of dysentery and blood poisoning aboard a troop ship. Winston Churchill used the occasion of Brooke's death, as well as his posthumous collection 1914 and Other Poems, to reinforce a recruitment drive. Rupert Brooke , 1887 - 1915 If I should die, think only this of me:  That there's some corner of a foreign field That is for ever England. There shall be  In that rich earth a richer dust concealed; A dust whom England bore, shaped, made aware,  Gave, once, her flowers to love, her ways to roam, A body of England's, breathing English air,  Washed by the rivers, blest by suns of home. And think, this heart, all evil shed away,  A pulse in the eternal mind, no less   Gives somewhere back the thoughts by England given; Her sights and sounds; dreams happy as her day;  And laughter, learnt of friends; and gentleness,   In hearts at peace, under an English heaven. This poem is in the public domain. This poem is in the public domain. Rupert Brooke English poet Rupert Brooke wrote in an anti-Victorian style, using rustic themes and subjects such as friendship and love, and his poems reflected the mood in England during the years leading up to World War I.


Millefiori is a technique used to produce coulorful decorative patterns in which material?

Category:Millefiori - Wikimedia Commons Category:Millefiori Jump to: navigation , search English: Millefiori is a glasswork technique known since ancient times, which produces distinctive decorative patterns on glassware. The term millefiori is a combination of the Italian words "mille" (thousand) and "fiori" (flowers). A. Pellatt (in his book "Curiosities of Glass Making") was the first to use the term "millefiori", which appeared in the Oxford Dictionary in 1849. The beads were called mosaic beads before that time. While the use of this technique long precedes the term millefiori, it is now frequently associated with Venetian glassware. More recently, the millefiori technique has been applied to polymer clays and other materials. Because polymer clay is quite pliable and does not need to be heated and reheated in order to fuse it, it is much easier to produce millefiori patterns than with glass. Français : Millefiori veut dire "mille fleurs" en italien. C'est une technique antique de fabrication de mosaïque en verre. Subcategories


What is the name of the eastern part of the Sahara Desert, lying between the Nile and the Red Sea in north-eastern Sudan?

Nubian Desert | Article about Nubian Desert by The Free Dictionary Nubian Desert | Article about Nubian Desert by The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Nubian+Desert Also found in: Dictionary , Thesaurus , Wikipedia . Nubian Desert, eastern region of the Sahara Desert, c.157,000 sq mi (407,000 sq km), NE Republic of Sudan, NE Africa, between the Nile and the Red Sea. The arid region, largely a sandstone plateau, has numerous wadis flowing toward (but never reaching) the Nile, whose great bends are entrenched in the western part of the region. Nubian Desert   a desert in Africa, lying chiefly in the Sudan between the Nile River and the Red Sea. The Etbai Range separates the desert from the Red Sea. The surface is a plateau descending in steps from east to west from 1,000 m to 350 m. On the plateau are inselbergs rising to 1,240 m in the west. The ancient rocks of the Nubian-Arabian Shield and Nubian sandstones are exposed in the east and covered by sand in the west. The plateau is dissected by a dense network of dry riverbeds. The annual precipitation is about 25 mm, and the sparse vegetation consists primarily of xerophytic grasses and prickly shrubs and semishrubs. There is livestock herding. A railroad and a highway cross the desert, connecting the cities of Wadi Haifa and Abu Hamed on the Nile River. Nubian Desert a desert in the NE Sudan, between the Nile valley and the Red Sea: mainly a sandstone plateau


Popular among East Europeans, which beetroot soup can be served either hot or cold?

Comparison of USA, Russia, UK/Britain: The People This Post in Anatoly Karlin about Society , and tagged Class , Gender Relations , National Comparisons , Religion , Russia , Sociology , United Kingdom , United States , was written  by Anatoly Karlin on April 8, 2011 . The second part of my series comparing Russia, Britain, and the US focuses on the people themselves. What are their strengths and foibles? How do they vary by class, region, race, and religion? How do they view each other and other countries and peoples? What do they eat, drink, and watch? Where do they travel and against which groups do they they discriminate? The National Character As befits its climate, Californians are a sunny and gregarious people. It is not unusual to refer to someone as your friend after getting to know her after a few minutes, whereas this typically takes weeks in Europe. Other states are, from what I heard, different; e.g. New Yorkers are known for being curt and rude. Friendly is distinct from polite. As a rule, Britons are very polite. However, this translates into a greater sense of distance and insistence on propriety that approaches dourness as one travels north into Scotland. Driving on UK roads is a stress-free experience (and a boring one), while Californian roads demand attention and Russian roads are for thrill seekers only. Russians are cold and curt to strangers, which many foreigners attribute to rudeness. This isn’t exactly fair; most Russians are just warier of people they don’t know. This is not an irrational attitude in a society more permeated by scams and violence. Friendships that do develop with Russians usually go deeper than in Britain or the US. If you slip down a social class or two, e.g. after a bankruptcy, you may find your previously big social circles beginning to melt away in the West. In particular, Americans have a special instinct for steering away from “losers”. Russians ARE far less civil in big groups. For instance, it is common for someone to start talking on her cell phone in a cinema. While Britons will always let a pedestrian walk across a zebra crossing – as they are obliged to do by traffic regulations – there is a 25% chance that an American wouldn’t, and a 75%+ chance that a Russian wouldn’t. By and large, Russians only follow regulations out of fear of punishment – and as mentioned in the last part , these regulations are rarely policed. Many things will make you go WTF?! in Russia. On the other hand, the disregard for social conventions leads to a lot of quirky and unusual happenings in Russia. E.g., I’ve seen a man walking with a bear in central St.-Petersburg, walkways leading into blank walls and cars with their internal machinery exposed, etc. In general, weird things like this are rarer in the US, and almost non-existent in the monotone plod of British life. Girls typically consider American men to be more humorous and talkative than British men, though the latter enjoy a more masculine reputation. Russians are considered to be more romantic or macho (it’s usually one or the other). Though not quite as disciplined as the Germans, the British are expected to get to meetings strictly on time. Things are far laxer in Russia, where it is common to see people wandering in and out of meetings, and half or a quarter failing to turn up at all. The golden mean is in California, where things are fairly casual but still organized (e.g. “Berkeley time” equals the appointed time plus ten minutes). But it is not representative of the US as a whole; stricter punctuality is expected in the east of the country. The US is dominated by imperial measurements – miles; pounds; Fahrenheit; etc. Britain is also largely imperial – miles; pounds; Celsius. Russia is completely metric since the Revolution – kilometers, kilograms, Celsius; with archaic units like the verst or the pud only present in poetry or referring to traditional objects (e.g. church bells). Class System Lower class whites are “white trash” in the US, “chavs” in Britain, and “gopniki” in Russia. Despite the UK having the lowest formal ra


What is the alternative title of the WH Auden poem which begins 'Stop all the clocks ....'?

W. H. Auden: Poems “Funeral Blues (Stop All the Clocks)” Summary and Analysis | GradeSaver Buy Study Guide The poet calls for the clocks to be stopped, the telephone to be cut off, and the dog and pianos silenced. The coffin will be brought out to the mourners with a muffled drum and under the moan of airplanes that spell out the message, “He Is Dead.” Doves are to be decked with bows around their necks, and the traffic policemen are to wear black cotton gloves. The poet thinks of the deceased as “my North, my South, my East and West,” his work and his rest, his noon and his midnight, his talk and his song. He incorrectly thought their love would last forever. The stars, moon, sun, ocean, and forests, the poet writes, should be sent away; they are no longer needed, and “nothing now can ever come to any good.” Analysis “Funeral Blues” has an interesting composition history. It originally appeared as a song in a play Auden cowrote with Christopher Isherwood called The Ascent of F6. In this form the last two stanzas were not included, and three others followed instead. The characters in the play were specifically invoked, and the play was an ironic statement on how “great men” are lionized after their deaths. The poem was then included in Auden’s poetry collection of 1936 (sometimes under the book title Look, Stranger!, which Auden hated). The poem was titled “Funeral Blues” by 1937, when it was published in Collected Poems. Here it had been rewritten as a cabaret song to fit with the kind of burlesque reviews popular in Berlin, and it was intended for Hedli Anderson in a piece by Benjamin Britten. It is also sometimes referred to as “Funeral Blues (Stop All the Clocks)” due to its famous first line. It is perhaps most famous for its delivery by a character in the English comedy/drama Four Weddings and a Funeral, in which a character mourns his dead lover. The poem in the format readers usually see it today is a dirge, or a lament for the dead. Its tone is much more somber than early iterations, and the themes more universal, although it speaks of an individual. It has four stanzas of four lines each with lines in varying numbers of syllables but containing about four beats each. Auden plays with the form a bit in the poem, and critics debate whether or not this was a manifestation of his tendency to do just that—whether he was simply playing around or intended a larger point. As with many of his poems, there is a mingling of the high and the low. This is in the style of a classical elegy, though it features informal language and objects of everyday life such as a telephone. This mingling, writes one scholar, “is a powerful modernist move, one which suggests that only by embracing the modern world can art come to terms with the complexities of human experience.” The poem appears from the perspective of a man (seemingly the poet himself) deeply mourning the loss of a lover who has died. He begins by calling for silence from the everyday objects of life—the telephone and the clocks—and the pianos, drums, and animals nearby. He doesn’t just want quiet, however; he wants his loss writ large. He wants the life of his lover—seemingly a normal, average man—to be proclaimed to the world as noble and valuable. He wants airplanes to write the message “He Is Dead” in the sky, crepe bows around doves, and traffic policemen wearing black gloves. What seems unbearable to him is the thought that this man’s passing from life to death will be unmarked by anyone other than the poet. In the third stanza the poet reminisces about how much the man who died meant to him. It is a beautifully evocative section that illustrates the bond between the two; note the theme of completeness in the language, which covers all four primary compass directions and all seven days of the week. Similarly, “noon” and “midnight” together cover, by synecdoche (parts standing for the whole), all hours of the day. The stanza, at the same time, reveals the tragedy of human life, which is that everyone must die and that almost everyone will experience being severed from


Brigadier Lethridge-Stewart belonged to which military organisation in the Dr Who series?

Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart | Dr Who Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Edit Lethbridge-Stewart was born in 1930, an only child. He was raised in Simla, India until the age of eight, which he was sent to an English prep school; his mother died after he left for England. He attended Holborough, where he first met Teddy Fitzoliver. The young Alistair suffered a lot of pressure to live up to the military traditions of the Lethbridge-Stewart family. He began his military career around 1953 and attended Sandhurst Military Academy with Major General Rutlidge. He was noted for having high ambitions even then. Shortly after the end of the Second World War, a 21-year-old Alastair was assigned to a Royal Navy mission to update British maps of the Greek Islands, and also ended up in Albania in a mission against Stalinist rebels. This was his first encounter with the extra-normal, as he came into contact with the Immortals and went on a quest into the Greek Underworld; his mind would be wiped of these memories. He later joined the Scots Guards and was stationed for a time at Aldgate. Relationships Edit He lost his virginity to a girl named Vera whilst drunk on the night of his passing out as a fully commissioned second lieutenant. While in Greece, a young Lethbridge-Stewart fell in love with the Immortal Persephone. He went into the Underworld and fought against Hades for her, and they spent two weeks together before she reluctantly wiped his memory. They would meet again in the 1970s, which saw his memory restored. In Sierra Leone, Lethbridge-Stewart met Mariatu, the daughter of a chieftan, who bore a son by him, Mariama. Some time in the 1960s, eleven years before the spider invasion, he had a romantic encounter with Doris on Brighton Beach; they had a relation of unknown length, which ended peacefully when Lethbridge-Stewart was dispatched overseas. Upon returning to Britain, the Brigadier met and married Fiona. Fiona and Alistair had one child together, conceived following the London Event, who they named Kate. Formation of UNIT Edit The then-Colonel Lethbridge-Stewart was the second commander of the British Army forces during the Great Intelligence's assault on London, replacing the deceased Colonel Pemberton. He was the sole survivor of a Robot Yeti assault at Holborn before heading down to the London Underground to take command. Here, for the first time, Lethbridge-Stewart met the strange little man known as the Doctor. Lehtbridge-Stewart showed a quick, decisive manner, and a ready acceptance of events, even believing the story about the TARDIS from the start. Shortly after the London Event, Lethbridge-Stewart had a meeting with Air Vice-Marshall "Chunky" Gilmore and learned from him of the Shoreditch Incident, in which hostile aliens had visited Earth in 1963, which Gilmore himself had helped to fight off, with the help of the Doctor. He also learned that evidence of alien visits to Earth existed which went back millennia. The Colonel went to the government and pitched the idea of a permanent military intelligence group with rapid-reaction capabilities, which would investigate alien and other unusual phenomena which might threaten the security of the nation. When this was turned down, he risked his career by petitioning the United Nations to form such a group instead. UNIT was soon formed, and Lethbridge-Stewart found himself appointed head of the United Kingdom branch and elevated to the rank of Brigadier. This action made him unpopular with many senior-ranking British officers. The UNIT Years Edit Four years after the Yeti invasion, UNIT was investigating the mysterious activities of electronics industrialist Tobias Vaughn. Vaughn was allied with the Cybermen in one of the earliest of their many attempts to invade and conquer Earth. With the assistance of the Doctor, the Brigadier and his men were able to thwart this invasion attempt. When the 2nd Doctor was forced to begin his 3rd regeneration and was exiled to 20th century Earth by the Time Lords, the Brigadier took on the new Doctor as UK UNIT's scientific advisor. The ne


List of U.S. state abbreviations | Familypedia | Fandom powered by Wikia List of U.S. state abbreviations 217,385pages on Share This is a list of U.S. state abbreviations. Abbreviations and codes for the states and possessions of the United States are used for postal addresses, data processing, general abbreviations, and other purposes. Also included in this list are abbreviations for three independent nations related to the United States through the Compact of Free Association . Contents Edit As early as October 1874, the United States Post Office recognized common abbreviations for states and territories. However, abbreviations were accepted only because of their popularity; the Post Office preferred all names spelled out in full to avoid confusion. [1] The traditional abbreviations for U.S. states and territories, widely used in mailing addresses prior to the introduction of two-letter U.S. postal abbreviations, are still commonly used for other purposes (such as legal citation ), and are still recognized (though discouraged) by the Postal Service. [2] The modern two-letter abbreviated codes for the states and territories originated during the Post Office's introduction of ZIP codes in 1963. The purpose was to make room for the ZIP codes in the address, rather than to standardize state abbreviations per se. [1] Since 1963, only one state abbreviation has been changed. Originally Nebraska was shortened to "NB," but this was changed to "NE" in November 1969 to avoid confusion with New Brunswick in Canada. [1] The postal abbreviations, consisting of only two letters, are complicated by the fact that there are eight states whose names begin with M, and another eight whose names begin with N. Some of the resulting abbreviations, instituted to avoid duplication, are not intuitive and can be confusing. [3] Prior to 1987, when the U.S. Secretary of Commerce approved the two-letter codes for use in government documents, [4] the United States Government Printing Office (GPO) suggested their own set of abbreviations, with some states being left unabbreviated. Today, the GPO supports United States Postal Service standard. [5] List (Obsolete code) Changed to MP in 1988 to match ISO 3166-1 and FIPS Alpha Code. Current use of traditional abbreviations Edit The Associated Press Stylebook , the usage guide for most United States newspapers, counsels the use of abbreviations for most state names, when appended to a city name (for example, "Santa Ana, Calif."). AP suggests spelling out "Alaska," "Hawaii," and all state names with five or fewer letters; and, unlike the old GPO recommendations, AP suggests spelling out the names of all non-state territories, with the exception of the District of Columbia (D.C.). Legal citation manuals, such as The Bluebook and The ALWD Citation Manual , typically use these "traditional abbreviations" as well. Postal abbreviations Edit The United States Postal Service has established a set of uppercase abbreviations to help process mail with optical character recognition and other automated equipment. [9] There are also official USPS abbreviations for other parts of the address, such as street designators (street, avenue, road, etc.). These postal abbreviations are distinguished from traditional abbreviations such as Calif., Fla., or Tex. The Associated Press Stylebook states that in contexts other than mailing addresses, the traditional state abbreviations should be used. [10] However, the Chicago Manual of Style now recommends use of the uppercase two-letter abbreviations, with the traditional forms as an option. [11] The postal abbreviation is the same as ISO 3166-2 subdivision code for all fifty states. These codes do not overlap with the thirteen Canadian subnational postal abbreviations . The code for Nebraska changed from NB to NE in November 1969 to avoid a conflict with New Brunswick. [1] Other abbreviations and codes Edit The Federal Information Processing Standard establishes numeric and alphabetic state codes for each state and for many outlying areas. The FIPS numeric code is marked 'FIPS'


Which Dr Who actor starred with Ken Stott in the 1994 BBC Scotland drama 'Takin' Over the Asylum ?

Takin' Over The Asylum [1994] [DVD]: Amazon.co.uk: Ken Stott, David Tennant, Katy Murphy, Arabella Weir, Angela Bruce, Elizabeth Spriggs, Neil McKinven, Gavin Mitchell, David Blair: DVD & Blu-ray Takin' Over The Asylum [1994] [DVD] Price: Â£5.99 & FREE Delivery in the UK on orders over Â£20. Details In stock. Arrives before Christmas. Choose delivery option in checkout. Want it delivered by Thursday, 22 Dec.? Order within 66 hrs 44 mins and choose AmazonGlobal Priority at checkout. Details Dispatched from and sold by Amazon. Gift-wrap available. Note: This item is eligible for click and collect. Details Pick up your parcel at a time and place that suits you. Choose from over 13,000 locations across the UK Prime members get unlimited deliveries at no additional cost How to order to an Amazon Pickup Location? Find your preferred location and add it to your address book Dispatch to this address when you check out 26 new  from Â£4.47 8 used  from Â£3.39 1 collectible  from Â£14.53 LOVEFiLM By Post Rent Takin' Over The Asylum on DVD from LOVEFiLM By Post Two for Â£10 Offer This title is in our Two for Â£10 Offer. Offer only applies to Qualifying Items purchased and dispatched from Amazon.co.uk at the website www.amazon.co.uk. It does not apply to purchases made from third-party sellers at Amazon.co.ukâs Marketplace platform. Find out more See all buying options Â£5.99 & FREE Delivery in the UK on orders over Â£20. Details In stock. Dispatched from and sold by Amazon.              Gift-wrap available. Special Offers and Product Promotions Buy Two DVD & Blu-ray for Â£10 from the qualifying selection when dispatched from and sold by Amazon." Here's how (terms and conditions apply) Find all the best television shows from the other side of the pond in our US TV store and catch the latest shows in our 2014's Hottest TV page. Frequently Bought Together Add all three to Basket These items are dispatched from and sold by different sellers. Show details Buy the selected items together This item:Takin' Over The Asylum [1994] [DVD] by Ken Stott DVD Â£5.99 In stock. Sent from and sold by Amazon. FREE Delivery on orders over Â£20. Details Tutti Frutti [DVD] [1987] by Robbie Coltrane DVD Â£6.79 Only 12 left in stock. Sold by best_value_entertainment and sent from Amazon Fulfillment. FREE Delivery on orders over Â£20. Details The Crow Road [DVD] by Peter Capaldi DVD Â£7.00 In stock. Sent from and sold by Amazon. FREE Delivery on orders over Â£20. Details What Other Items Do Customers Buy After Viewing This Item? Format: PAL, Colour, Closed-captioned, Full Screen, HiFi Sound Language: English Region: Region 2 (This DVD may not be viewable outside Europe. Read more about DVD formats. ) Aspect Ratio: 4:3 - 1.33:1 DVD Release Date: 9 Jun. 2008 Run Time: 300 minutes  Would you like to update product info or give feedback on images ? Product Description Takin' Over The Asylum was first broadcast on BBC1 as a six-part series in September 1994. Written by Donna Franceschild, directed by David Blair (Anna Karenina, The Lakes) and starring Ken Stott (Messiah, Rebus) and David Tennant (Doctor Who) in award winning debut performances plus a cameo from Spike Milligan, the acclaimed black comedy Takin' Over The Asylum is available for the first time ever on DVD from 2nd June, priced £19.99. Stott stars as Eddie McKenna, a double-glazing salesman who moonlights as a DJ for hospital radio in a Scottish mental asylum. He nurtures close friendships with the patients there including Francine (Katy Murphy, Our Mutual Friend, Honest) a self-harmer and Campbell (David Tennant, Doctor Who) a manic depressive, with whom he shares a dream to make it onto the commercial radio scene. Campbell's inspired antics promise to bring the pair closer to their aim, but the pressures of life outside of the hospital begin to tell on Eddie. A vindictive colleague leads his small-minded boss to ban his activities and his eccentric grandmother returns suddenly to Lithuania leaving him penniless and alone. Eddie finds himself drawn to the troubled Francine, but when


In Which We Serve, This Happy Breed and Brief Encounter are early films by which director?

DVD Savant Blu-ray Review: David Lean directs Noël Coward David Lean directs Noël Coward In Which We Serve, This Happy Breed, Blithe Spirit, Brief Encounter Blu-ray Criterion 604-606; 76 1942-1945 / B&W, Color / 1:37 flat full frame / 114, 111, 96, 86 min / Street Date March 27, 2012 / 99.95 Starring: Noël Coward, Michael Wilding, James Donald, Bernard Miles, John Mills, Celia Johnson, Kay Walsh, Richard Attenborough; Robert Newton, Celia Johnson, John Mills, Kay Walsh, Stanley Holloway; Rex Harrison, Constance Cummings, Kay Hammond, Margaret Rutherford, Joyce Carey; Celia Johnson, Trevor Howard, Stanley Holloway, Joyce Carey. Cinematography Noël Coward, Muir Matheson, Clifton Parker; Richard Addinsell. Written by Noël Coward & David Lean Reviewed by Glenn Erickson The English rightfully think dearly of David Lean, as the BFI National Archive spent a fortune restoring the director's first ten films several years ago. The first four titles have just appeared on Criterion's Blu-ray set David Lean directs Noël Coward. The famous performer, playwright and composer co-directed the first film and provided the stories for all four. As recounted in the excellent extras in the four-disc set, Coward enabled the development of an exceedingly talented partnership that would be known as The Cineguild: director-writer David Lean, cinematographer-writer Ronald Neame and writer-co-producer-production manager Anthony Havelock-Allan. Coward would chastise his "little darlings" when he didn't like their work, but he supported them fully. These four wartime films launched the careers of several major actors and are still considered the top British films of their day. In Which We Serve began as Noël Coward's show, as he starred, produced and wrote the original script, basing his story on Lord Mountbatten's exploits in the Royal Navy. According to historian Barry Day, "The Darlings" brought Coward's overlong script to length by reformatting various subplots as flashbacks. Survivors of a sunken destroyer cling helplessly to a life raft while German planes strafe them; several remember events back home that illustrate the excitement and tragedy of the wartime experience. As a wartime morale-raiser Coward's film cannot be bettered. The civilians back home (lovely Celia Johnson and Kay Walsh) fret and suffer German bombing raids. Captain Kinross (Coward), Seaman Shorty Blake (John Mills) and C.P.O. Hardy (Bernard Miles) bob on the ocean covered in fuel oil, as ripple dissolves flash back to their memories of life on shore. The drama is honest and powerful. It's obvious that wartime English audiences were transfixed -- unlike our experience, the Nazi threat was on their doorstep. Coward does lay on his pro-Navy recruitment messages rather thickly. Although the sailors complain, comments about the excellent food proliferate, even the playwright's favorite drink of "hot cocoa". The feeling of authenticity is more than a matter of excellent sets (an entire section of the ship was replicated on a soundstage). Many of the sailors and soldiers seen in the show are real troops, volunteering during leave. Among the excellent cast are Michael Wilding as a smiling officer, a young James Donald as the ship's doctor and future director Michael Anderson as a Marine. In Which We Serve was a big break for the very young Richard Attenborough, who debuts as a cowardly sailor. Attenborough already has his tortured misfit act down pat. This Happy Breed is an ambitious adaptation of a Noël Coward play, a between-the-wars extension of his earlier success Cavalcade. The episodic story records the fortunes of the lower middle-class Gibbons family. They move into a row house at the close of WW1, and at the finale, takes their leave just as WW2 is beginning. We watch as their children grow up during times of labor unrest and political radicalism; each episode ends in a heavy fade to black. Frank Gibbons (Robert Newton, looking positively sober) is happy to find Bob Mitchell, an old army buddy (Stanley Holloway) living next door. They go on periodic benders, much to the d


Which American composer was working on the music for a film called The Goldwyn Follies at the time of his death in 1937 ?

The Goldwyn Follies Remind Me The Goldwyn Follies Independent producer Sam Goldwyn jumped on the all-star musical bandwagon in 1938, determined he could be Hollywood's answer to Broadway impresario Florenz Ziegfeld. He assembled a top roster of talent for The Goldwyn Follies (1938), from George and Ira Gershwin writing the songs to George Balanchine as choreographer and ballet sensation Vera Zorina in front of the cameras. Naturally, he got one of the biggest flops in his career. Most of the major Hollywood studios had their own musical series: MGM was selling tickets with the Broadway Melody films, Warners had their Gold Diggers and Paramount showcased radio talent in their Big Broadcast films. So it seemed only natural that Goldwyn, who had brought Busby Berkeley, Eddie Cantor and the Goldwyn Girls to the screen, should top them all. Inspired by the death of Florenz Ziegfeld, he started working on his screen version of the Follies in 1932, spending six years trying to get just the right mix of talent. For starters, he asked Irving Berlin to write the score. But Berlin said no. He didn't particularly like Goldwyn, and though he might consent to sell the producer the occasional song, he didn't want to work on an entire film score with him. Goldwyn then turned to the Gershwins, offering them a persuasively large paycheck and the chance to film a ballet based on George's tone poem "An American in Paris." To that end he brought together one of the ballet world's most innovative choreographers, Balanchine, with a 20-year-old ballerina who had just made the successful transition from the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo to the London company of the hit Broadway musical On Your Toes. Goldwyn was so impressed with Zorina, in fact, that he signed her to a seven-year contract. All he needed was a script. His first choice to write it was Lillian Hellman, who had adapted her play The Children's Hour for him as These Three (1936). Only Hellman had no idea how to write a musical. She tried to refuse the assignment several times, but eventually took a stab at it. By this time, he had also hired The Ritz Brothers and radio stars Edgar Bergen and Phil Baker as comedy relief and classical singers Helen Jepson and Charles Kullmann to throw in a little opera. Hellman couldn't come up with a plot to tie all that talent together, nor could anyone else until Goldwyn turned to one of Hollywood's most facile problem-solvers, Ben Hecht. He concocted a story about a film producer who hires a simple country girl to help him get in touch with what the average audience member wants to see on screen (which amazingly included grand opera and Romeo and Juliet with a happy ending). He then falls in love with her only to discover that she's given her heart to a singing soda jerk. Goldwyn bought the plot without realizing that Hecht had modeled the producer's character on him. As work progressed on the film, even without a script, most people on the Goldwyn lot were aware that their boss was infatuated with Zorina. He even hired a taxi to follow her when she left the studio each day. Mrs. Goldwyn was aware of it, too, growing suspicious when he started bringing her surprise gifts. She almost left him, but eventually decided to tough it out. Apparently the only person not aware of Goldwyn's infatuation with Zorina was Zorina, who was too busy falling in love with Balanchine to notice. A failed love affair was the least of Goldwyn's worries, however. After writing two great songs for the film, "Our Love Is Here to Stay" and "Love Walked In," George Gershwin started experiencing debilitating headaches. Goldwyn blamed it on high living; there were rumors linking the composer to former Goldwyn chorus girl Paulette Goddard and French actress Simone Simon. But when Gershwin had to be hospitalized, doctors discovered he had a brain tumor. He passed away on July 11, 1937, and, on Ira's recommendation, Goldwyn hired Broadway composer Vernon Duke to finish the songs. Plans to film a ballet based on Gershwin


Sir Ronald Ross became the first Briton to win the Nobel Prize for medicine for his research into which disease?

Sir Ronald Ross building opens at Liverpool University - BBC News BBC News Sir Ronald Ross building opens at Liverpool University 9 October 2012 Read more about sharing. Close share panel A £23m research facility named after a Nobel Prize-winning scientist has been opened at the University of Liverpool. How is malaria spread? Malaria is caused by an infection of the red blood cells with a tiny parasite called a protozoa It is a vector-borne disease, which means it is spread by another organism - the Anopheles mosquito When it bites an infected person the mosquito sucks up blood containing the parasite, which is then passed on to its next victim Latest estimates suggest there are about 250 million cases each year, resulting in more than one million deaths How to spot the signs of malaria The Sir Ronald Ross building is the first phase of a £70m investment at the Institute of Infection and Global Health. Sir Ronald was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1902 for discovering that malaria is spread by mosquitoes. Two hundred scientists will study infectious diseases and other global health issues at the centre. Sir Ronald, who discovered the malarial parasite living in the gastrointestinal tract of the Anopheles mosquito in the 19th Century, recruited teams to eliminate the larvae from stagnant pools and marshes. He was a lecturer at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine when he became the first Briton to win a Nobel Prize. The following year he was appointed to the Sir Alfred Jones Chair of Tropical Medicine at the University of Liverpool, and became Professor of Tropical Medicine at the university. The building was opened by his grandson David Ross, who said it was "wonderful to see my grandfather's legacy recognised in this way". The university's vice-chancellor, Prof Sir Howard Newby, said the facility's labs would bring together "the brightest minds from medicine, biomedicine, veterinary health, and biological sciences".


Which vitamin is produced by the body when it is exposed to sunlight?

How Your Body Converts Sunlight Into Vitamin D - How much vitamin D do you get from the sun? | HowStuffWorks How much vitamin D do you get from the sun?   Prev Next   Your body is able to produce its own vitamin D3 when your skin is exposed to the sun's ultraviolet rays, specifically ultraviolet (UVB) radiation. When UVB rays hit your skin, a chemical reaction happens: Your body begins the process of converting a prohormone in the skin into vitamin D. In this process, a form of cholesterol called 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC), naturally found in your skin, absorbs the UVB radiation and gets converted into cholecalciferol. Cholecalciferol is the previtamin form of D3. Next, the previtamin travels through your bloodstream to your liver, where the body begins to metabolize it, turning it into hydroxyvitamin D, which is also known as 25-hydroxyvitamin D or 25(OH)D. The kidneys then convert the 25(OH)D into dihydroxyvitamin D, also called 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D or 25(OH)2D -- this is the hormone form of vitamin D your body can use [sources: The George Mateljan Foundation , Holick ]. It's estimated that we get -- or should get -- more than 90 percent of our vitamin D from casual, daily sun exposure [source: Holick ]. Let's figure out what casual, daily sun exposure means. There are variables, which we'll talk about, but some studies have found that between five and 30 minutes of sun exposure to your unprotected face, arms, legs or back between the hours of 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. two to three times every week is enough for your body to produce all the D3 it needs [source: National Institutes of Health - Office of Dietary Supplements ]. Up Next Daily Recommendations for Vitamins, Minerals and Supplements Under picture-perfect conditions, the human body is able to produce as much as 10,000 IU to 20,000 IU of vitamin D3 in just 30 minutes [source: The George Mateljan Foundation ]. Yet vitamin D deficiencies are rising among all age groups in the U.S. It's estimated as many as half of all children, teens and young adults are vitamin D deficient, as are as many as 25 to 57 percent of American adults [source: Lee ]. We don't often encounter those perfect conditions for vitamin D production, so let's look at some of the reasons we might not be making enough D3. Go Outside Warming yourself by a window on a cold winter day may feel good, but it's not going to help you with your vitamin D production -- UVB rays don't penetrate glass [source: NIH ].


Na is the chemical substance for which element used in the manufacture of soap?

How soap is made - material, manufacture, making, used, processing, components, procedure, steps Soap Background Soap is a combination of animal fat or plant oil and caustic soda. When    dissolved in water, it breaks dirt away from surfaces. Through the ages    soap has been used to cleanse, to cure skin sores, to dye hair, and as a    salve or skin ointment. But today we generally use soap as a cleanser or perfume. The exact origins of soap are unknown, though Roman sources claim it dates    back to at least 600 B.C. , when Phoenicians prepared it from goat's tallow and wood ash.    Soap was also made by the Celts, ancient inhabitants of Britain. Soap was    used widely throughout the Roman empire, primarily as a medicine. Mention    of soap as a cleanser does not appear until the second century A.D. By the eighth century, soap was common in France, Italy, and Spain, but    it was rarely used in the rest of Europe until as late as the 17th    century. Manufacture of soap began in England around the end of the 12th century.    Soap-makers had to pay a heavy tax on all the soap they produced. The tax    collector locked the lids on soap boiling pans every night to prevent    illegal soap manufacture after hours. Because of the high tax, soap was a    luxury item, and it did not come into common use in England until after    the tax was repealed in 1853. In the 19th century, soap was affordable and    popular throughout Europe. Early soap manufacturers simply boiled a solution of wood ash and animal    fat. A foam substance formed at the top of the pot. When cooled, it    hardened into soap. Around 1790, French soapmaker Nicolas Leblanc    developed a method of extracting caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) from    common table salt (sodium chloride), replacing the wood ash element of soap. The French    chemist Eugene-Michel Chevreul put the soap-forming process (called in    English saponification) into concrete chemical terms in 1823. In    saponification, the animal fat, which is chemically neutral, splits into    fatty acids, which react with alkali carbonates to form soap, leaving    glycerin as a byproduct. Soap was made with industrial processes by the    end of the 19th century, though people in rural areas, such as the    pioneers in the western United States, continued to make soap at home. Raw Materials Soap requires two major raw materials: fat and alkali. The alkali most    commonly used today is sodium hydroxide. Potassium hydroxide can also be    used. Potassium-based soap creates a more water-soluble product than    sodium-based soap, and so it is called "soft soap." Soft    soap, alone or in combination with sodium-based soap, is commonly used in    shaving products. Animal fat in the past was obtained directly from a slaughterhouse. Modern    soapmakers use fat that has been processed into fatty acids. This    eliminates many impurities, and it produces as a byproduct water instead    of glycerin. Many vegetable fats, including olive oil, palm kernel oil,    and coconut oil, are also used in soap making. Additives are used to enhance the color, texture, and scent of soap.    Fragrances and perfumes are added to the soap mixture to The above illustrations show the kettle process of making soap. cover the odor of dirt and to leave behind a fresh-smelling scent.    Abrasives to enhance the texture of soap include talc, silica, and marble    pumice (volcanic ash). Soap made without dye is a dull grey or brown    color, but modern manufacturers color soap to make it more enticing to the    consumer. The Manufacturing Process The kettle method of making soap is still used today by small soap    manufacturing companies. This process takes from four to eleven days to    complete, and the quality of each batch is inconsistent due to the variety    of oils used. Around 1940, engineers and scientists developed a more    efficient manufacturing process, called the continuous process. This


Peter Parker was the secret identity of which super-hero of TV and big-screen?

Peter Parker | Brickipedia | Fandom powered by Wikia view · talk · edit Marvel Minifigures Heroes: Agent 13 | Ant-Man | Ayesha | Baron Mordo | Black Panther | Black Widow | Captain America | Captain Marvel | Cyclops | Drax the Destroyer | Doctor Strange | Falcon | Gamora | Ghost Rider | Giant Man | Groot | Hank Pym | Hawkeye | Iron Fist | Iron Man | Iron Spider | Kamala Khan | Mantis | Miles Morales | Nick Fury | Nova | Phoenix | Power Man | Quicksilver | Rocket Raccoon | Scarlet Spider | Scarlet Witch | She-Hulk | Spider-Man | Spider-Girl | Spider-Woman | Star-Lord | Storm | The Ancient One | The Hulk | Thor | Vision | War Machine | White Tiger | Winter Soldier | Wolverine | Yondu Udonta Villains: Aldrich Killian | Baron von Strucker | Beetle | Carnage | Crossbones | Deadpool | Detroit Steel | Doc Ock | Dr. Doom | Electro | Green Goblin | Hobgoblin | Hyperion | Iron Skull | Kraven the Hunter | Loki | Magneto | MODOK | Nebula | Red Hulk | Red She-Hulk | Red Skull | Rhino | Ronan the Accuser | Sandman | Scorpion | Sentinel | Super Adaptoid | Taserface | Taskmaster | Thanos | The Collector | The Mandarin | Ultron | Venom | Vulture | Yellowjacket Others: Agent Coulson | Alien Foot Soldier | Alien General | Ant-Thony | Aunt May | Captain Stacy | DUM-E | Extremis Soldier | Hydra Henchman | Iron Legion Accomplice | J. Jonah Jameson | Justin Hammer | Maria Hill | Mark 42 Armor | Mary Jane Watson | Nova Corps Officer | Pepper Potts | Peter Parker | Sakaaran Soldier | S.H.I.E.L.D. Agent | Sub Ultron-Officer | Sub Ultron-Soldier | Steve Rogers | Tony Stark | Truck Driver Non-physical:


Robert Bruce Banner was the secret identity of which super-hero of TV and big-screen?

Hulk (House of M) - Marvel Universe Wiki: The definitive online source for Marvel super hero bios. Hulk (House of M) U.S.A., with criminal record, previously pardoned Place of Birth Currently unemployed; former nuclear physicist Known Relatives Brian (father, deceased), Rebecca (mother, deceased), Morris Walters (uncle), Elaine Banner Walters (aunt, deceased), Jennifer Walters (cousin), others Group Affiliation 128 lbs. (Banner), 1,150 lbs. (Hulk) Eyes Brown (Banner), Green (Hulk) Powers The Hulk possesses the capacity for superhuman strength ranging beyond the limits of virtually any other known humanoid being. His strength increases in direct proportion to his anger. The gamma radiation that mutated the Hulk's body fortified his cellular structure and added, from some as yet unknown (presumably extradimensional) source, several hundred pounds of bone, muscle, and other tissue to his body. As Banner, he possesses the normal human strength of a man of his age, height, and slight build who engages in no regular exercise. Launch Connections Robert Bruce Banner was the son of Dr. Brian Banner, an atomic physicist, and his wife, Rebecca. Brian became convinced that his work in radiation had altered his own genes, resulting in what he saw as a hated mutant offspring. Brian Banner drove himself insane with these fears and murdered Rebecca while trying to kill Bruce. Brian was shot by police before he could harm his son. Bruce graduated high school and studied nuclear physics in Navapo, New Mexico, at Desert State University. With mutants exploding onto the worldwide scene, and the belief that radiation might be the cause of this epidemic, Bruce was invited to work for the United States Defense Department at the nuclear research facility at Desert Base, New Mexico. Bruce's main goal was to create a way for the United States to manufacture its own super-army. Banner went to work immediately, but met with little success. With General "Thunderbolt" Ross constantly breathing down his neck for results, Bruce took some shortcuts in his research. These shortcuts ended with disastrous consequences. During the preparation for one of his new Gamma Radiation tests, Bruce was dosed with a lethal amount of Gamma rays. These rays, however, did not kill him. Instead, Bruce was transformed into a huge monster. He rampaged across Desert Base and destroyed it completely. Believing the attack to be mutant in nature, Ross ignored his superiors' orders and pursued the monster that would become known as the Hulk with the remaining men of Desert Base for close to a month. As the Hulk, Bruce eventually destroyed Ross' army in San Diego, CA. Following the battle, the Hulk fled into the ocean. Bruce awoke days later in Australia in the care of Aboriginal people who had taken him in. Bruce vaguely remembered his time as the Hulk. At one point, Magneto himself, assuming the Hulk to be a mutant, visited Banner and offered him a chance to join him in his fight against the humans. Banner declined and asked to be left alone. Magneto reluctantly agreed. Banner is happy to remain out of the public eye and fears what would happen if the Hulk was ever released onto the world again.


In the Bible what was the name of the land situated east of Eden that Cain chose to flee to after murdering his brother Abel?

MapOfNodWhereCainDweltInTheBible Walter Reinhold Warttig Mattfeld y de la Torre, M.A. Ed. 04 June 2007 (Revisions through 13 December 2015) On 26 July 2008 Google ranked this article No. 1 over 514,000 other urls when "biblical land of Nod map" was keyed in. On 16 Dec. 2008 Yahoo ranked this article No. 1 over 27,400,000 other urls when "where is city of Nod" was keyed in. On 25 Jan. 2009 Yahoo ranked this article No. 1 over 270,000 other urls when "where is biblical Nod" was keyed in. On 21 May 2011 Google ranked this article No. 1 over 18,000,000 other urls when "Nod land of map" was keyed in. Please click here  for my Map of Eden Where God Planted His Garden Please click here  for Why the Bible Cannot be the Word of God Please click here  for Why Jesus Christ cannot be the Messiah +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ This article in a nutshell: Ancient Sumer's edin (steppe) is identified as the land of Nod (and the land of Eden) while Cain's city of Enoch is a fusion of motifs originally associated with the Sumerian cities of Unug (Uruk) and Eridug (Eridu). The biblical notion that the world's first city is founded by Cain, a wanderer and shedder of blood, is recalling Gilgamesh who lives at Sumerian Unug (Babylonian Uruk), Unug being recast as Enoch. Gilgamesh wanders edin in fear of dying after his friend Enkidu's death, recast as Abel's death. Themes associated with Gilgamesh, his wandering edin and fear of dying of after his "brother" Enkidu's death were recast as a wandering Cain in Nod, Nod meaning "to wander" in Hebrew. That is to say themes associated with the Epic of Gilgamesh have been recast in Genesis' story of Cain and the Land of Nod east of Edin. So biblical Nod meaning "to wander" is an allusion to Gilgamesh's wandering, in fear of dying, in the edin, which was also recast as biblical Edin. The Epic of Gilgamesh uses Unug in place of Uruk (called a logogram by scholars) and Sumerian edin is likewise used in the Epic as a logogram substitute for Akkadian Seru meaning steppe. So both Unug and Edin appear as logograms in the Epic, in versions as late as Neo-Babylonian times. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ A "warning" to the viewer (especially if you are a _devout_ Christian, Jew or Moslem):  My research at this website is that of a Secular Humanist. Secular Humanists understand that the Bible is _not_ the word of God (for the reasons why  please click here ). Secular Humanists seek to explain the Bible's concepts as evolving from within the context of the Ancient Near East and its religious notions regarding the origins of the world, why man was created and what his purpose in life is. If asked to briefly summarize _my_ understanding of the Hebrew God, Yahweh-Elohim, it would be best encapsulated by the Latin Motto now found on the money of the United States of America: e pluribus unum: "From Many, One." That is to say I understand that the Hebrews took the many gods and goddesses of Mesopotamia, Syria, Canaan and Phoenicia, and ascribed their powers, feats, epithets and personas to their God. Whereas many gods and goddesses were responsible for the Shuruppak Flood in the Hebrew transformation and recasting as Noah's Flood it is only one God who is responsible. I understand that many of the Hebrew notions about the relationship between God and Man are deliberate _refutations_and_challenges_ of the beliefs held by the Mesopotamians, said refutations being in the form of a series of  180 degree "inversions" or "reversals" of earlier Mesopotamian concepts. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ According to Genesis after the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden in Eden, a son is born called Cain. He slays his brother Abel and his punishment is to be "wanderer on the earth" (Ge 4:12). Cain complains that as a wanderer his life will be peril and he will be slain (Ge 4:13-14). He then dwells in the "land of Nod, east of Eden" (Ge 4:17) and there builds a


Which item, of particular use to London tourists, was designed in 1931 by a man named Harry Beck?

Mapping London Mapping London posted by Ollie There’s a tube strike on today, with many tube stations expected to be closed. The inner city and central London are likely to be hardest hit, with stations closed in most in Zone 1 and all inside the Circle Line’s loop. Usefully, TfL recently published this map, which shows the central part of the Tube network (zones 1 & 2) with numbers between stations indicating the amount of time it takes to walk that section along the street network, at an average pace. There are some large numbers in places, many due to the obstruction of the River Thames and the fact that the map is not particularly geographically correct, but in general it shows small numbers between most stations. Inevitably, with a tube strike, the bus network will be overloaded and slow, and the roads will be completely clogged with people deciding to drive – so don’t think the taxi or Uber networks will be as useful as they might normally be. So, maybe walking is the way. (One curiosity of the map is that it does assume use of the Greenwich and Woolwich foot tunnels, but not the Rotherhithe Tunnel – despite appearances, it does allow pedestrians and has a pavement – however the omission is perhaps understandable as it is a very unpleasant route to take, particularly as the Victorian-era staircases have remained closed after damage in the Second World War, meaning the pedestrians have to stay beside the traffic in the tunnel for a long period.) You can see the full map and download a printable PDF here, or find out more about walking options in central London. Map © Transport for... »» posted by Ollie From British Gas comes this lovely map of a walking trail in central London, that highlights many of the streets and locations that are still lit by gas lamps in London – it may come as a surprise to many people, but there are many gas lamps still in the oldest parts of London, lit by a gas supply rather than electricity. British Gas may just be one of many UK fuel companies these days, but it retains a historic duty – a small but dedicated team at the company are in charge of maintaining and repairing the gas lamps. Londonist created a fascinating short video showing the team at work, last year. From the company themselves: There are 1,500 gas lamps left in London which British Gas’ team of five lamplighters look after. These historic lamps stretch from Richmond Bridge in the west to Bromley-by-Bow in the east. The oldest lamps are in Westminster Abbey and the newest lights up a popular retail store in Covent Garden. Many of the lamps survive from the Victorian era.   The earliest lamplighters lit each lamp by hand at dusk every night and extinguished them at dawn. The role of the lamplighter has evolved since then and now they can be found making their way around London on scooters.   When tending to the lamps the mechanisms have to be wound up and checked, the glass polished and the mantles replaced. They may also require repairs if damaged by a lorry or building work around them.   Iain Bell leads the team of lamplighters at British Gas. He says: “People love historical dramas which may be a reason why more and more people across the world have taken an interest in what we do. There are... »» posted by Ollie Tower Hamlets council, one of the 32 London borough councils, has produced this simple pictorial map as part of a consultation for “Tower Hamlets 2031”, setting the “local plan” for urban realm policy for the next 15 years. The map appears on various advertising panels throughout the borough at the moment, and also appears on their website. It is purely an illustrative graphic of the present day Tower Hamlets, with the consultation documents themselves containing many much more detailed (but less pretty) maps of current and planned designations. We really like the map being simple and attractive, it showcasing the many famous buildings in Tower Hamlets, both old (Tower of London, Chrisp Street Clock Tower) and new (East London Mosque, Canary Wharf) as well as highlighting the three city farms and other larger


Famous for its military marches, in which English county is the town of Wooton Bassett?

Notable or Famous Wiltshire People | insidewiltshire Gallery Notable People Below are some of the notable people with connections to Wiltshire (listed by earliest birth date to latest): King Athelstan (c893/894-939) Also known as the Glorious, Athelstan was the first king of all England in 937 when the country became unified. He reigned from 924/925-939. He was the son of Edward the Elder and grandson of Alfred the Great and crowned on 17th July 925 in Kingston-Upon-Thames. He oversaw the translation of the bible into English and reformed the currency. He is buried in Malmesbury Abbey – a place he strongly supported. The exact burial place is not known. George Herbert (1593-1633) George Herbert was the rector of St Andrew’s church, Bemerton, and a metaphysical poet and scholar. He was related to the Herberts, the Earls of Pembroke of Wilton House and was a friend of Francis Bacon. He was known in Bemerton as Holy Mr Herbert. In 1933 a stained glass window was added to the church. It is the West Window and one of the characters depicted is George Herbert (the other is Nicholas Ferrar (executer of Herbert’s will and publisher of his poems). A cross on the north wall of the church also commemorates Herbert. For more about George Herbert, visit www.georgeherbert.org.uk/ Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon (1609-1674) Born in Salisbury, Edward was grandfather to Mary II and Queen Anne. He was chief advisor to the exiled Charles II. In 1660 he was made Baron hyde of Hindon and in 1661 he was made Earl of Clarendon.  Edward eventually fell out of favour with the king and fled to France. He died in exile in Rouen but his body was returned to England where it was buried in Westminster Abbey. Sir Christopher Wren (1632-1723) Architect Sir Christoper Wren was born in the old rectory at East Knoyle. He is most famous for designing buildings in London after the Great Fire of 1666 (including the beautiful St Paul’s cathedral) but he also recommended to his friend Bishop Seth Ward that the spire of Salisbury Cathedral be strengthened. The design Farley church in Wiltshire may have been influenced by Wren because he knew both the builder and the sponsor. Hannah Twynnoy (c1670-1703) Hannah was a servant at the White Lion Inn, Malmesbury. She has the unfortunate claim to fame of reputedly being the first person in Britain to be killed by a tiger. A travelling circus arrived at the inn and Hannah unwisely taunted the captive tiger which managed to catch her and tear her to pieces. A memorial stone can be found in Hullavington Church. Joseph Priestley (1733-1804) Dr Priestly was a chemist, clergyman and philosopher. He lived in Calne from 1772-1779 and he was the librarian at Bowood House and literary companion to the first Marquis of Landsdowne. The laboratory at Bowood is the actual place where, on 1st August 1775 he discovered oxygen by separating the element from mercury oxide by focusing the sun’s rays through a magnifying glass to heat the substance. William Beckford (1750-1844) William inherited the Palladian mansion at Fonthill on the death of his father (then the richest merchant in England) in 1770. He wrote the eastern romance ‘Vathek’ in French (which was published in England in 1786). In 1796 he commissioned James Wyatt and started the Gothic abbey which was built using Chilmark stone. The work was never finished but was far enough along in 1800 for Nelson to be welcomed at the estate for a celebration of his victory at the battle of the Nile. The tower collapsed in 1825, two years after Beckford had sold up. Sir Thomas Lawrence PRA FRS (1769 – 1830) Lawrence was a leading English portrait painter, knighted in 1815 and president of the Royal Academy from 1820. Born in Bristol, he moved to Wiltshire in 1773 and began drawing in Devizes, where his father ran the Black Bear Inn – a popular stop off for people travelling from London to Bath. On Salisbury Plain, he helped travellers at his own expense with 12 foot posts erected at half mile intervals, with a large Roman D cut in each side with the mileage to Devizes and an S for Sali


Which former London prison, established in the 12th century by The Bishop of Winchester, gave its name to a generic term for imprisonment?

Full text of "Survey of London" See other formats A    LONDON BRIDGE (FROM VISSCHER'S VIEW OF LONDON, 1616) "'"'"■"'""   LONDON COUNTY COUNCIL   SURVEY OF LONDON  ISSUED BY THE JOINT PUBLISHING COMMITTEE  REPRESENTING THE LONDON COUNTY COUNCIL  AND THE LONDON SURVEY COMMITTEE   UNDER THE GENERAL EDITORSHIP OF   SIR HOWARD ROBERTS (/or the Council) WALTER H. GODFREY (for the Survey Committee)   VOLUME XXII   BANKSIDE   (THE PARISHES OF ST. SAVIOUR AND CHRISTCHURCH SOUTHWARK)   506899   •= "aO   PUBLISHED BY THE LONDON COUNTY COUNCIL  THE COUNTY HALL, LONDON, S.E.i  1950   '\   PREVIOUS VOLUMES OF "THE SURVEY OF LONDON "  I. PARISH OF BROMLEY-BY-BOW. {Out of print.) II. PARISH OF CHELSEA. PART I. {Out of print.)  III. PARISH OF ST. GILES-IN-THE-FIELDS. PART I (LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS).  2\S.  IV. PARISH OF CHELSEA. PART II. zu.  V. PARISH OF ST. GILES-IN-THE-FIELDS. PART II. 2U.  VI. PARISH OF HAMMERSMITH, zis.  VII. PARISH OF CHELSEA. PART III (THE OLD CHURCH). 21s.  VIII. PARISH OF ST. LEONARD, SHOREDITCH. 42/.  IX. PARISH OF ST. HELEN, BISHOPSGATE. PART I. 42/.  X. PARISH OF ST. MARGARET, WESTMINSTER. PART I. 42/.  XI. PARISH OF CHELSEA. PART IV (THE ROYAL HOSPITAL). 42^.  XII. PARISH OF ALL HALLOWS, BARKING-BY-THE-TOWER. PART I (THE PARISH CHURCH). 31/. 6<j'.  XIII. PARISH OF ST. MARGARET, WESTMINSTER. PART II (NEIGHBOUR-  HOOD OF WHITEHALL, VOL. I). 52/. 6^.  XIV. PARISH OF ST. MARGARET, WESTMINSTER. PART III (NEIGHBOUR-  HOOD OF WHITEHALL, VOL. II). 52/. 6d.  XV. PARISH OF ALL HALLOWS, BARKING-BY-THE-TOWER. PART II. 42/.  XVI. PARISH OF ST. MARTIN-IN-THE-FIELDS. PART I (CHARING CROSS). 52/. 6J.  XVII. PARISH OF ST. PANCRAS. PART I (THE VILLAGE OF HIGHGATE). 2u.  XVIII. PARISH OF ST. MARTIN-IN-THE-FIELDS. PART II (THE STRAND). 21s.  XIX. PARISH OF ST. PANCRAS. PART II (OLD ST. PANCRAS AND KENTISH TOWN). 2\s.  XX. PARISH OF ST. MARTIN-IN-THE-FIELDS. PART III (TRAFALGAR SQUARE AND NEIGHBOURHOOD). 21s.  XXI. PARISH OF ST. PANCRAS. PART III (TOTTENHAM COURT ROAD AND NEIGHBOURHOOD). 50/.  DA  (ol5   BANKSIDE (THE PARISHES OF ST. SAVIOUR AND CHRISTCHURCH, SOUTHWARK), BEING THE TWENTY- SECOND VOLUME OF THE SURVEY OF LONDON   — I   w   JOINT PUBLISHING COMMITTEE REPRESENTING THE LONDON COUNTY COUNCIL AND THE LONDON SURVEY COMMITTEE   Chairman J. H. MacDONNELL  Vke-Chairman WALTER H. GODFREY   Members appointed by the Council  MRS. I. M. BOLTON W. R. HORNBY STEER  J. H. MacDONNELL DAVID A. WILKIE   Members appointed by the London Survey Committee  J. W. BLOE WALTER H. GODFREY  EDWARD YATES   IV   MEMBERS OF THE LONDON SURVEY COMMITTEE   President The Rt. Hon. LORD NORMAN, P.C, D.S.O.   The Society of Antiquaries OF London.  The Royal Institute of British Architects.  The Incorporated Associa- tion of Architects and Surveyors.  The Architectural Associ- ation.  The Athenaeum.  Miss Helen Barlow.  L. A. Bayman.  Bedford College for Women.  R. A. Bell.  The Birmingham Public Library.  The Bishopsgate Institute.  The Brentford and Chis- wiCK Public Library.  The University of Cali- fornia.  MoiR Carnegie, F.S.A.  The Rev. P. T. B. Clayton, C.H., M.C., F.S.A.  The Columbia University.  Captain E. E. Colquhoun, M.B.E.  The Conservative Club.  The Constitutional Club.  The Courtauld Institute OF Art.  Lieut.-Colonel Walter E. Cross, F.R.I.B.A.   Honorary Members and Subscribers  The Croydon Public Library.  Francis Edwards.  Mrs. J. D. Ellis.  P. Ferriday.  Sir Samuel Gluckstein.  h. w. f. godley.  The Guildhall Library, London.  Richard Harriss.  The Institute of His- torical Research.  W. T. Hugo.  Constant Huntingdon.  Walter T. Ison.  The Rt. Hon. The Viscount Leverhulme, D.L., LL.D.  The London Library.  The London and Middle- sex Archaeological Society.  The London Museum.  The London School of Economics.  The University of London.  The Hon. Mr. Justice Lort- Williams, K.C.  Gilbert H. Lovegrove, F.R.I.B.A.  Percy W. Lovell, F.S.A.  The Manchester Society of Archi


Taking place on September 7th 1812, the Battle of Borodino took place in which country?

Battle of Borodino, 7 September 1812 Battle of Borodino, 7 September 1812 Aftermath Introduction When Napoleon invaded Russia in the summer of 1812 his aim was to bring the Russians to battle, inflict a decisive defeat, and force them to sue for peace. That battle eventually came at Borodino on 7 September 1812, just to the west of Moscow. Although Napoleon could claim to have won the battle it was far from a decisive victory, and even the occupation of Moscow failed to bring the Russians to the negotiating table. Napoleon's poor performance at Borodino thus played a major part in the destruction of the Grand Armée and the eventual fall of his empire. Preliminaries The French crossed the Niemen on 22-24 June 1812. At this stage Napoleon's main army was between Barclay de Tolly's 1st Western Army, which was to the north-east, and Bagration's 2nd Western Army, to the south. Napoleon's aim was to keep his army between the two Russian forces, prevent them from uniting, and defeat them separately. Bagration was the first target, but an attempt to trap him between the Niemen and the Pripet Marshes failed, mainly because Napoleon's supporting armies moved too slowly. The French then turned their attention to Barclay de Tolly, who was retreating north-east towards a fortified camp at Drissa on the Dvina  River. Marshal Davout was given the task of preventing Bagration from moving north to join Barclay de Tolly. Napoleon led the main army east in an attempt to get behind Barclay de Tolly and force him to fight. The Russians soon realised that the camp at Drissa was an indefensible trap and continued to retreat east. This triggered the manoeuvre on Vitebsk, with both armies moving east on opposite sides of the Dvina. At first Barclay de Tolly intended to stand and fight at Vitebsk . His army fought a two-day long rearguard action at Ostrovno (25-26 July) to win time for Bagration to move up from the south, and on 27 July the Russians and French spent the day facing each other across a minor creek, ready for battle. Further south Davout successfully blocked Bagration at Mogilev (23 July 1812) . When this news reached Barclay de Tolly he decided to retreat to Smolensk, and when the French woke on 28 July, ready to fight, they found the Russian camps deserted. It was now impossible to prevent the two Russian armies from joining, and on 4 August Barclay de Tolly and Bagration met at Smolensk. The Road to Moscow The decisive battle of the campaign very nearly came around Smolensk. By early August the French were stretched out between Orsha on the Dnieper in the south and Vitebsk on the Dvina in the north. The Russians were further east around Smolensk. Both sides now decided to go onto the offensive. The Russian attack was conducted between the two rivers. It began on 7 August but very quickly ran out of steam. Napoleon's plan was much more ambitious. He decided to move his army to the south bank of the Dnieper and advance east towards Smolensk, in the hope that he could get behind the Russians, cut the roads to Moscow and force them to either fight or retreat north towards St. Petersburg. The French were across the Dnieper by the morning of 14 August and the manoeuvre of Smolensk was underway, but the ambitious plan quickly fell apart. On the afternoon of 14 August the leading French troops ran into a Russian rearguard at Krasnyi. The first battle of Krasnyi (14 August 1812) saw the Russians carry out a successful fighting retreat back towards Smolensk, giving Barclay de Tolly time to rush reinforcements into the city. Napoleon still had a chance to force the major battle he wanted, but his performance outside Smolensk was poor. He paused on 15 August to allow more troops to arrive, wasting the surprise he had achieved by crossing the Dnieper. He then missed a chance to send troops east and cut the road between Smolensk and Moscow and instead carried out two days of unsuccessful frontal assaults on the Old Town of Smolensk (16-17 August) . On the night of 17-18 August the Russian


In the Bible, what was the name of the city that Jonah was told to take God's message to?

5. Jonah | Bible.org (chapter 1) God's Command (1:1-2) God commanded Jonah to go to Ninevah and preach to them about their sinfulness and call them to repentance. This is the only time in the OT where Israel is commanded to actively pursue the Gentiles. God’s Covenant with Abraham mentioned that through Abraham’s descendants God would bless the nations, but no Israelite is ever commanded to go to the nations and tell them about God. They were to have a passive witness. The Gentiles were supposed to see the difference between their society and Israel’s and be attracted to it. The OT is full of examples of Gentiles who became Jewish proselytes and worshipped Yahweh - Ruth, Jael, Shamgar, the woman at Jericho, etc. Jonah's Disobedience (1:3) What is Jonah’s reaction to God’s command? He refused. He didn’t say anything. He just left town. Notice the route he took: He went down to Joppa. Found a ship going down to Tarshish, so he went down into the boat. If God is up then down is bad. Every thing Jonah did took him further from God. God's Disipline (1:4-9) This section emphasizes God’s sovereignty over nature. He sent the wind and caused the sea to heave. It is the heathen sailors who feared and are praying while the man of God is complacently sleeping below. The sailors were praying to the wrong gods, but they were convicted by the events at sea. Jonah’s lack of reaction is significant. Sin hardens the heart and makes us insensitive. Here we see that Jonah is insensitive to what God is doing. And we see the first of many contrasts between the heathens and Jonah. Jonah is insensitive, but the heathens are aware that something out of the ordinary is going on and they are praying to their gods. Jonah’s statement in 1:9 is the exact opposite of what his actions show. He does not fear God. If he did, he would have obeyed the first time, and at the least, been praying because of the storm. Sailor's Prayer (1:10-14) What stand’s out in this section? They would eventually learn that Jonah’s God was the true God. 1:10 shows that the men were amazed that Jonah would do something to displease his God. They spent their life in fear of their gods, trying to please and pacify them. It is ironic and sad that those who worship the true God - the only God worth fearing - and experience His grace, take advantage of His grace and do not live their life in an effort to please Him. 1:13 shows that the heathen sailors had more compassion than Jonah. They did not want to throw him overboard and tried desperately to get to land without doing that. They begged Jonah’s God’s pardon for what they had to do. This is also a contrast with the man of God who had no compassion on the people of Ninevah. God's Answer (1:15-16) God responded by calming the sea . The sailors recognize that the true God is Jonah’s God, so they pray to Yahweh. And after the sea calms, we see that they feared Yahweh and offered sacrifices to Him and made vows. They were probably vows that they would follow and obey Him. This is in contrast to Jonah who disobeyed God. More Discipline (1:17) God is not through with Jonah. A great fish comes along and swallows him. There is more irony here. If you remember, Jonah went down, down, down in the first few verses. Now God is sending Jonah down to the depths of Sheol (2:2). At least that is what it felt like to Jonah. Jonah Praying (chapter 2) Jonah's Prayer (2:1-9) Jonah finally prays and thanks God for his deliverance even before he is delivered. This shows that he is convinced God answers prayer. Some think that at this point Jonah is repenting, especially since he now goes and preaches to Ninevah. But let’s look at his prayer: Nowhere in his prayer did he mention his own rebellion and sin, so there is no real confession going on here. He piously considered himself better than the pagans (cf. vs 8-9). What is ironic and sad is that we have already seen that the sailor’s came out looking better than Jonah. I think Jonah is making a big assumption here that God would deliver him. He certainly didn’t deserve it. We will see by Jonah’s act


Taking place on March 7th 1814, The Battle of Craonne took place in which country?

Battle of Craonne 1814 : Schlacht : Bataille : Batalla : Battaglia "The French [cavalry] charged with such fury that it seemed that nothing could withstand their onlaught, but when the smoke cleared away, the hostile [infantry] squares were still unshaken." - Frederick William Maycock Craonne is " ... one of the most desperately contested battles in which Napoleon had ever taken part ... the casualties among the Guard had been unusually heavy" - British author Frederick William Orby Maycock . "Like Waterloo, Craonne might have proved the last day of Napoleon's career, if during the time he was straining every effort to annihilate the Russians on the plateau, by bringing all his troops into action, Generals Wintzingerode, Kleist and Langeron had charged the French rear as had been ordered." - Russian author Mihailovski-Danilevski Movements of troops before the battle. "If this move on the part of the French had disconcerted Blucher, Napoleon, on the other hand, found his plans upset by the Allies' advance on Craonne." - Houssaye . During the campaign of 1814 Napoleon faced several allied armies. The largest of them was the Army of Bohemia under Schwarzenberg. The most aggressive was the Army of Silesia under Blucher. There were also the Army of the North, Army of Poland, and the Reserves. The enemy was advancing on Paris. In this article we describe Napoleon's movements and actions againt Blucher in the first weeks of March. Napoleon's idea was to cross Aisne River near Fismes and march on Laon to threaten Blucher's cummunication and supply line. This movement would force Blucher to leave the recently captured important French fortress of Soissons and march on Laon with the intention of protecting his lines. In this situation Napoleon would be sure that Blucher was not going to try a move on Paris ! Napoleon however abandoned the original idea because Marshal Marmont reported that Blucher was already marching on Laon. Another reason was that the empreror had no pontoons and had to rely on trestle bridges. Napoleon therefore decided to cross Aisne at Berry-au-Bac, where there was a stone bridge. Since Blucher already left Soissons for Laon there was no reason for Marshals Marmont and Victor to stay any longer in front of that fortress. Napoleon ordered them to join him at Berry-au-Bac. Blucher intended to defend the passage of the Aisne river. He expected however Napoleon to cross the river near Missy and therefore not occupied Berry-au-Bac with stronger force. The bridge at Berry-au-Bac was guarded with only small infantry force and guns and several regiments of Cossacks. On 5 March the emperor learnt from cavalry patrol that the bridge could be captured without difficulty. Napoleon immediately altered his plans, and the corps commanders were ordered to stop the construction of the bridges and to march at once to Berry-au-Bac, where the whole army would cross. General "Nansouty, with the Polish Lancers and the 2nd Guard Cavalry Division, was ordered to seize the crossing; the Cossack vedettes posted on the left bank retired across the bridge at a gallop, with the Poles close on their heels. The attack was so sudden and so fierce that the enemy had no time to man their defences; both cavalry and infantry fled through the village, leaving their 2 guns and 200 prisoners in the hands of the French." (Houssaye - "Napoleon and the campaign of 1814" pp 142-143) At Berry-au-Bac "Major Skarzynski of the Guard Lancers performed prodigies of valor. Overwhelmed and ridden down by a flood of Cossacks, he wrenched an "especially heavy" lance from one of them and - wild with the outraged fury of despair - spurred amuck down the road, bashing every Cossack skull that came within his reach. Rallying and wedging in behind him, his Polish handful cleared the field. The same day Napoleon made Skarzynski the Baron of the Empire. Snatching a lance from a Cossack, he created a void around him by knocking over the fugitives in his path and running the rest through with his lance." - Henri Lachoque) (According to Ronald Pawly, Major Ambrosius


Appointed on February 4th 2011, who is the current manager of Sheffield Wednesday FC?

Sheffield Wednesday FC - The Steel City's Owls | FM Scout Sheffield Wednesday FC - The Steel City's Owls Follow my story as I aim to take Sheffield Wednesday back to the top of English football! []] Pages   2310 posts 305 likes joined Jun 30, 2012 Why Sheffield Wednesday? There is only one reason to picking this team: they are my team. My dad supports them, my grandad supported them, and I support them. They haven't been brilliant in recent years, and I want to see them get back to glory. I feel that I can accomplish this. We did get promotion last season though, so happy days! Who Am I? I have chosen to be England international winger Chris Waddle. He played for Wednesday over 100 times in the 90s, and also played for England at the 1990 World Cup. I feel he is an interesting choice, and will make for a better story. Quick Links - Sheffield Wednesday 2909 posts 312 likes joined Mar 29, 2013 Good Luck, Owls Waddle to glory 4658 posts 450 likes joined Jun 02, 2012 Another Blue story! Jamesg237 2013-04-11 14:20 2267 posts 224 likes joined Aug 07, 2012 Will definitely be following this. I hope you have as much success as you have in your previous stories! 2050 posts 89 likes joined Mar 29, 2013 Will be following mate, I can remember Francis Jeffers for them! I wonder were he is now! 2310 posts 305 likes joined Jun 30, 2012 Wednesday Sack Dave Jones Sheffield Wednesday boss Dave Jones has been sacked by the Yorkshire club, despite guiding the club to promotion to the nPower Championship, after he joined in March 2012. He has only been in the job for a few months, but now the Owls will be looking to a appoint a new boss to take them forwards. There is much speculation in the football world as to why Jones was sacked by the club he didn't lose a game at in his 11 games in charge. He amassed a total of 29 points out of a possible 33 after joining the club, and clinched promotion from League 1 on the final day of the 2011-12 season ahead of their biggest rivals Sheffield United, managed by former Wednesday player and manager Danny Wilson. Some journalists are spreading rumours that the reason for Jones' sacking are related to a suspected affair that the former Cardiff manager had with Wednesday chairman, Milan Mandaric's wife. These rumors have been denied by both Jones and Mandaric, leaving the journalists who made the allegations an embarrassment. Many people believe that Jones was sacked because of the poor signings he has made so far in the window, however many believe the captures that the Yorkshire club have made are good, including former Tottenham defender Anthony Gardner, former Liverpool and England goalkeeper Chris Kirkland, and also the capture of Michail Antonio from Reading. Antonio spearheaded Wednesday's charge for promotion last season after joining on loan from Reading just before the derby against Sheffield United in February. He was actually signed by former boss Gary Megson for the Owls, but was sacked just days after emerging victorious in the derby. A statement on the club's official website read "Sheffield Wednesday Football Club can today confirm that first-team manager David Jones has left the club after a mutual decision was reached by the board of directors to relieve him of his position. We thank David very much for his work accomplished here at Hillsborough. We wish him all the best in his future managerial endeavours." So, the real reason Jones has been sacked by Wednesday remains unclear, with the club refusing to reveal any details. They are expected to begin the search for a new manager immediately, with candidates including Brian McDermott, Roberto Di Matteo, and former Wednesday player Chris Waddle. 2310 posts 305 likes joined Jun 30, 2012 Waddle Appointed Wednesday Manager Sheffield Wednesday have appointed former player Chris Waddle as their new manager following the sacking of Dave Jones. Waddle knows the club well, having played for the Owls for four years in the 1990s. This is only his second ever managerial role, having taken control of Burnley in a player-manager role between 1997-98. F