What traditional profession specialises in the assessment of costs and tenders for materials and contracts within building and construction projects?

Sanyathi Civil Engineering & Construction (Pty) Ltd and Another v eThekwini Municipality and Others, Group Five Contruction (Pty) Ltd v eThekwini Municipality and Others (KZP) [2011] ZAKZPHC 45; 2012 (1) BCLR 45 (KZP); [2012] 1 All SA 200 (KZP) (24 October 2011) | Noteup | LawCite Sanyathi Civil Engineering & Construction (Pty) Ltd and Another v eThekwini Municipality and Others, Group Five Contruction (Pty) Ltd v eThekwini Municipality and Others (KZP) [2011] ZAKZPHC 45; 2012 (1) BCLR 45 (KZP); [2012] 1 All SA 200 (KZP) (24 October 2011) Download original files IN THE KWAZULU-NATAL HIGH COURT, PIETERMARITZBURG REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA Reasons and further remedies: 25 October 2011 In the matter between SANYATHI CIVIL ENGINEERING & CONSRTUCTION (PTY) LTD …..............................1ST APPLICANT PHAMBILI PIPELINES (PTY) LTD ….................................................................................2ND APPLICANT AND ESORFRANKI PIPELINES (PTY) LTD ….....................................................................2ND RESPONDENT CYCAD PIPELINES (PTY) LTD …................................................................................3RD RESPONDENT CASE NO: 9347/2011 GROUP FIVE CONSTRUCTION (PTY) LTD …........................................................................APPLICANT AND ESORFRANKI PIPELINE (PTY) LTD …........................................................................2ND RESPONDENT CYCAD PIPELINES (PTY) LTD …................................................................................3RD RESPONDENT MICHAEL OLIVER SUTCLIFFE …................................................................................4TH RESPONDENT SANYATHI CIVIL ENGINEERING & CONSRTUCTION (PTY) LTD ….........................5TH RESPONDENT PHAMBILI PIPELINES (PTY) LTD …............................................................................6TH RESPONDENT NOCI INVESTMENTS (PTY) LTD ….............................................................................7TH RESPONDENT ______________________________________________________________ PILLAY D, J Introduction The supremacy of the Constitution and the rule of law are founding values of our democracy. 1 Law or conduct inconsistent with it is invalid; the obligations it imposes must be fulfilled. 2 Did eThekwini Municipality, the first respondent, break the law? If it did, how should it remedy its breach? These questions must be answered in two applications for review of a tender. Sanyathi Civil Engineering and Construction (Pty) Ltd and Phambili Pipelines (Pty) Ltd launched the first application against eThekwini, Esorfranki Pipelines Limited and Cycad Pipelines (Pty) Ltd. They prefaced this application for review with an interdict granted on 26 July 2011 in which Esorfranki agreed not to perform any construction or civil engineering work arising from the tender, pending this review. Phambili fell away as an applicant as they were not properly suited. In the second application Group Five Construction (Pty) Ltd added the City Manger, Sanyathi, Phambili and NOCI formerly known as ICON, its erstwhile joint venture partner, as the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh respondents. NOCI did not participate in the proceedings. The principle relief claimed in both applications is a declaration that the process of awarding tender number WS5980 for a contract for the construction of the Western Aqueduct Phase Two was illegal and invalid; therefore eThekwini’s award of the tender to the Esorfranki-Cycad joint venture should be reviewed and set aside. Initially, Sanyathi asked that it be awarded the tender; alternatively, that the tender be remitted for reconsideration by the Bid Evaluation Committee (BEC) of eThekwini but to exclude Esorfranki-Cycad. By the end of the hearing, Mr Broster SC, who appeared for Sanyathi, abandoned these remedies to make common cause with Mr Olsen SC who appeared for Group Five. The remedy all the applicants now seek is to direct eThekwini to conduct a fresh tender process if it intends to proceed with the construction. The


The UK Glastonbury music festival was originally known as what name (combined with 'festival'), taken from a nearby village?

Glastonbury picture archive shows how music festival has grown since 1970s | Daily Mail Online comments From humble beginnings in the 1970s to the global phenomenom of the current day, these pictures chart the evolution of the Glastonbury Festival and the ever-present mud. Glastonbury began in 1970 - but the festival's popularity increased substantially following the end of The Stonehenge Free Festivals - held to mark the Summer Solstice in nearby Wiltshire. The event, which attracted headliners such as Dexys Midnight Runners, was banned in 1985 because of drug and security issues. From the mid-eighties Glastonbury, originally called the Pilton Festival, boomed - as these pictures show. In some shots, relaxed festival-goers at the infamous Somerset site can be seen soaking up the atmosphere while others sit around a campfire. Top acts such as New Model Army and The Boomtown Rats can also be seen playing to fans. In more modern images, the floral patterned dresses and guitars have been replaced by designer clothes and Hunter wellies. And it's not just the music and fashion that has developed over the years - with ticket prices soaring from £1 in the seventies to £16 in 1985 and finally £205 in 2014. Some of the pictures were taken by Dave Kotula, of London Colney, Hertfordshire who says: 'I was 18 when I first visited the festival in 1985, and I was there again in 87 and 89, carrying all the idealistic view of youth with me. 'This was an opportunity to go to another world, away from the day to day hassles we had from adult society. 'The police weren’t introduced until 1989, but the site was never dangerous or chaotic, in fact the level of criminality was lower than an equivalent sized town over a summer weekend.' Scroll down for video This collection of images shows the evolution of Glastonbury Festival from the mid seventies through to the modern day. Pictured is the second Glastonbury Festival in 1971 where just 12,000 people enjoyed the likes of David Bowie at the Worthy Farm site in Somerset Pictured is a group of festival-goers arriving at a rather muddy looking Worthy Farm, a working dairy farm, in 1985. That year was particularly bad for rain - with revellers having to trudge through a mixture of mud and cow dung which washed down from outbuildings New Model Army rock the crowds at the 1985 event - which took place between the 21-23 June that year. Despite the heavens opening during this performance, fans braved the terrible conditions to listen to their big hits A view from above of the festival taken in 1999 when 105,000 people bought tickets for the increasingly popular event. Comparatively, 135,000 will attend this year Two revellers dance and play music at the second festival in 1971 - where David Bowie headlined on the Pyramid Stage - which is made from steel poles and metal mesh (pictured background) Some of the 10,000 young people who attended the 1971 event form a circle for people to dance and sing in. There is still a Stone Circle area on site - which attracts a similar crowd today 25,000 people attended the festival in 1982, just some pictured enjoying the likes of Van Morrison at the Pyramid stage. U2 were supposed to play - but cancelled at the last minute People get ready to head down to the Pyramid Stage at the festival in 1985. That year, 40,000 people went to the event - which was headlined by The Boomtown Rats A band plays to crowds at the Pyramid Stage in 1985 - the year the Stonehenge Free Festival was banned over drug and security concerns Glastonbury-goers relax at the Hare Krishna tent in the Green Fields, 1987. These attendees would have enjoyed Elvis Costello and Van Morrison Just some of the 60,000 people at the 1987 festival make their way into the main site from one of the many campsites A campervan parked in one of the campsites in 1987. Now, vans, motorhomes and other vehicles are not allowed on to the site A sign asking attendees to pick up their litter. The festival takes place every couple of years so that the ground can have a break and the grass can regrow A man chats with a lad


Name the 1890-founded Scottish manufacturer of much-loved traditional caramel wafers, teacakes and snowball cakes, which experienced a staff pay dispute in Autumn 2010?

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Who invented roll camera film, thereby popularizing photography, and founded the Kodak company, whose full title also bears his name?

Eastman Kodak Company -- Company History Eastman Kodak Company Stock Exchanges: New York Pacific Boston Cincinnati Detroit Midwest Philadelphia Ticker Symbol: EK NAIC: 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing; 333315 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; 325414 Biological Product (Except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; 334119 Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; 334510 Electromedical and Electrotherapeutic Apparatus Manufacturing; 511210 Software Publishers Company Perspectives: On February 2, 2000, exactly 100 years from the day George Eastman introduced the Brownie camera, a group of Kodak researchers, inventors and business strategists met at the company's Rochester headquarters to speculate on what the next 100 years might bring to their industry. All agreed that the true power of imaging has barely been tapped--and that the advances of this century will vindicate Eastman's dream of making communicating with pictures as easy as 'using a pencil.' Key Dates: 1880: George Eastman begins manufacturing dry plates for sale to photographers. 1881: Eastman and Henry A. Strong form partnership, Eastman Dry Plate Company. 1884: Company is reorganized as a corporation under the name Eastman Dry Plate and Film Company. 1888: Snapshot photography is born through the introduction of the Kodak portable camera. 1889: Name changes to Eastman Company. 1892: Name changes to Eastman Kodak Company of New York. 1898: The Folding Pocket Kodak Camera is introduced. 1900: The Brownie camera makes its debut. 1901: Company is reorganized and incorporated in New Jersey as Eastman Kodak Company. 1912: One of the first U.S. industrial research centers is set up in Rochester, New York. 1920: Tennessee Eastman Company, forerunner of Eastman Chemical, is created. 1923: Company introduces motion picture camera, film, and projector for the consumer market. 1932: George Eastman commits suicide at the age of 77. 1935: Kodachrome film, the first commercially successful color film for amateurs, debuts. 1951: Low-priced Brownie eight-millimeter movie camera is introduced. 1953: Eastman Chemical Products, Inc. is created as a new subsidiary. 1961: Highly successful line of Kodak Carousel slide projectors is introduced. 1963: The revolutionary Instamatic camera makes its debut. 1965: Company introduces the super-eight format Instamatic movie camera. 1972: The pocket Instamatic camera is launched. 1975: Company enters the copier market with the debut of the Kodak Ektaprint 100 Copier-Duplicator. 1976: Kodak enters the market for instant cameras; Polaroid files patent-infringement suit against Kodak. 1980: Company expands its health imaging operations with the launch of the Ektachem 400 blood analyzer. 1982: Company launches 'disc photography,' an ultimately unsuccessful innovation. 1984: Lines of videotapes and floppy discs are introduced. 1985: Floppy disc maker Verbatim Corporation is acquired. 1986: A federal appeals court orders Kodak's exit from the instant camera market; a line of alkaline batteries under the Supralife brand is launched; Eastman Pharmaceuticals Division is established. 1988: Sterling Drug Inc., maker of prescription and OTC drugs, is acquired. 1990: Verbatim is sold to Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation. 1991: Polaroid's suit against Kodak is settled, with the latter paying the former $925 million. 1992: The Kodak Photo CD player hits the market. 1993: George Fisher becomes the first outsider to head the company; Eastman Chemical is spun off to shareholders. 1994: The company's pharmaceutical arm, Sterling Winthrop, its diagnostics products division, and several other nonimaging units are divested. 1997: The WTO rules against Kodak in its dispute with Fuji Photo Film over access to the Japanese market; major restructuring is initiated. 1998: Kodak Picture Maker debuts; company acquires the DryView laser imaging system from Imation. 1999: The office imaging unit is sold. Company History: A multinational corporation whose name and film products ar


In the UK snow of January 2010 a Thames Valley policeman was reprimanded for sledging on duty down a slope on his what?

Laughing policemen in trouble for sledging – using a riot shield | UK news | The Guardian Laughing policemen in trouble for sledging – using a riot shield Thames Valley officers reprimanded after fun video posted on YouTube Laughing policemen in trouble for sledging – using a riot shield Thames Valley officers reprimanded after fun video posted on YouTube Thursday 14 January 2010 10.42 EST First published on Thursday 14 January 2010 10.42 EST Pinterest We all know the feeling. The snowy slopes beckon and the urge to hurtle down them takes over but there is no sledge available. So you grab a tea tray, an old bag, a coat – or, if you are a police officer, a riot shield. A group of officers from Thames Valley police have been reprimanded after one showed his ability to improvise by using a shield to fly down a hill in Oxfordshire. Urged on by colleagues, he sat on the riot shield, grabbed on to the handles that could have been designed for this purpose and shot down the hill to hoots of laughter. Unfortunately for the officers, the escapade was filmed by an onlooker and posted on YouTube . The officers' bosses were not amused. Superintendent Andrew Murray, Oxford city commander, said: "The snow has a habit of bringing out the child in all of us. I have spoken to the officers concerned and reminded them in no uncertain terms that tobogganing on duty, on police equipment and at taxpayers' expense, is a very bad idea should they wish to progress under my command." The incident happened on Boars Hill in Oxford. The 41-second clip shows five or six officers, some also recording the adventure on their own cameras, in the snowy field, a police van parked in the background. One of the officers plonks the shield on the slope and is advised by another to hold on to the handles. He settles himself, holds tight and then two pals give him an almighty push. Squealing, the officer slides off, one of his colleagues advising him: "Whatever happens, keep smiling." The shield proves to be an effective sledge, even skipping over a ditch at the foot of the hill. Rick Latham, who filmed the clip on Tuesday, initially thought police were going to tell him off for attempting to get down the slope in a kayak. "They pulled up and we thought they were going to give us a hard time. Then they asked how slippery the snow was and one of them grabbed the shield. I asked if I could film it and they said that was fine. They said something like 'We're only human'." Latham said he hoped the officers were not severely reprimanded. "You don't always build up the most positive image of the police but they broke the mould. They were chatty and pleasant. It was just nice to see them in that situation." Weather forecasters warn of heavy rain in western England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland Published: 14 Jan 2010 Where do all those thousands of tonnes of rock salt end up, asks Leo Hickman Published: 13 Jan 2010 Editorial: Feeding birds this month offers a rare chance to see redpolls, yellowhammers and tree sparrows among the robins, finches and tits that more often make up backyard populations. It will also keep them alive Published: 13 Jan 2010 First we loved it, but now the novelty has turned to slush Published: 13 Jan 2010


The Mills bomb, developed in Birmingham in 1915, and produced in numbers exceeding 70 million since then, is more commonly known by what term?

Museum of Technology, The History of Gadgets and Gizmos Larger image WWII TYPE F FANY HEADSET, 1940's Headset used by The First Aid Nursing Yeomanry F.A.N.Y. as part of the S.O.E. Special Operations Executive. The First Aid Nursing Yeomanry was created in 1907 by Lord Kitchener, as a link organisation between front line fighting units and field hospitals. Early recruits were drawn from mainly upper middle classes. During WW1 the FANY ran field hospitals, drove ambulances and set up soup kitchens and troop canteens. In 1938 they became part of Auxiliary Territorial Services (ATS). In 1940 Hugh Dalton, Minister of Economic Warfare, established the Special Operations Executive (SOE). Contact was made with the Commandant of FANY and arranged for her to provide personnel for the SOE. At first they were used to produce passports, ration books, and other forged documents for use in occupied Europe. Also to decode, encode and transmit messages to and from the field. In April 1942 Churchill gave his permission to send women in the SOE into Europe. Since the war the FANY has been known mainly for it's work in the field of military and civil communications. Larger image HAND PEDAL GENERATOR Mk810A, 1950's The Mk810A generator also known as 'Generating set AC 45W 110V, hand or pedal driven, No1 Mk1' was intended for powering AC powered equipment such as receiver Mk122 or Mk123. The unit can be pedal or hand operated, and is supplied with all the suitable accessories, on the top of the main unit is a meter indicating up to 150V with two red marks between which the needle should be held whilst turning the pedals. The base plate comes with a chain so it can be attached to a tree trunk or other similar object, also supplied are two clamps for table mounting. The whole unit and parts pack into the box supplied. Larger image WW11 CARRIER PIGEON MESSAGE TUBE Attached to the pigeons leg and containing a small rolled paper message, sometimes as thin as a human hair. Carrier pigeon message tubes were used during WW1 and WW11, during WW1 wireless communication was still in its infancy, and telephones in the theatre of war could only be used over limited distances. Even microfilm could be transported by this means. Carrier Pigeon Service (CPS) The history of the use of carrier pigeons in warfare is indeed a varied and interesting one, with a long and illustrious history. It is believed that the use of carrier pigeons as a messenger service had it origins in antiquity � over three thousand years ago by the Egyptians, Persians and Romans; in 1150 A.D., the Sultan of Baghdad strapped capsules filled with papyrus sheets to the leg or back feathers of pigeons, and used them as messengers. They were used as recently as 1990, by the Iraqi Army during the First Gulf War. Pigeons played a vital part in World War One as they proved to be an extremely reliable way of sending messages. Such was the importance of pigeons that over 100,000 were used in the war with an astonishing success rate of 95% getting through to their destination with their message. The British Army had a unit called the Carrier Pigeon Service (CPS) which was led by Lt. Col. A.H. Osman. Carrier pigeons were used by the British during the Second Battle of Ypres in May of 1915. The Carrier Pigeon Service was only used when telegraph and telephone communications failed and was soon overtaken by the development of Wireless Telegraphy (i.e. Radio), further limiting their usage; hence, they were only used for emergency or espionage purposes. The avian unit saw further success at the Battle of the Somme and at Verdun, often against screens of poisonous gas and heavy shelling from the opposition. In October 1918, as the war neared its end, 194 American soldiers found themselves trapped by German soldiers. They were cut off from other Allied soldiers and had no working radios. The only chance they had of alerting anybody about their desperate situation was to send a pigeon with their co-ordinates attacked to its leg. The pigeon's name was Cher Ami. When released it flew 25 miles from behind Ge


Voltmeters and Ammeters Voltmeters and Ammeters About Watch and Favorite Watch Watching this resources will notify you when proposed changes or new versions are created so you can keep track of improvements that have been made. Favorite Favoriting this resource allows you to save it in the “My Resources” tab of your account. There, you can easily access this resource later when you’re ready to customize it or assign it to your students. Voltmeters and Ammeters Voltmeters and ammeters are used to measure voltage and current, respectively. Learning Objective Compare circuit connection of an ammeter and a voltmeter Key Points A voltmeter is an instrument used for measuring electrical potential difference between two points in an electric circuit . An ammeter is a measuring device used to measure the electric current in a circuit. A voltmeter is connected in parallel with a device to measure its voltage , while an ammeter is connected in series with a device to measure its current. At the heart of most analog meters is a galvanometer , an instrument that measures current flow using the movement, or deflection, of a needle. The needle deflection is produced by a magnetic force acting on a current-carrying wire. Terms shunt resistance a small resistance R placed in parallel with a galvanometer G to produce an ammeter; the larger the current to be measured, the smaller R must be; most of the current flowing through the meter is shunted through R to protect the galvanometer Register for FREE to remove ads and unlock more features! Learn more Full Text Voltmeters and ammeters measure the voltage and current, respectively, of a circuit. Some meters in automobile dashboards, digital cameras, cell phones, and tuner-amplifiers are voltmeters or ammeters. A brief introduction to voltmeters and ammeters for introductory physics students. Voltmeters A voltmeter is an instrument that measures the difference in electrical potential between two points in an electric circuit. An analog voltmeter moves a pointer across a scale in proportion to the circuit's voltage; a digital voltmeter provides a numerical display. Any measurement that can be converted to voltage can be displayed on a meter that is properly calibrated; such measurements include pressure , temperature, and flow. (a) To measure the potential difference in this series circuit, the voltmeter (V) is placed in parallel with the voltage source or either of the resistors. Note that terminal voltage is measured between points a and b. It is not possible to connect the voltmeter directly across the EMF without including its internal resistance, r. (b) A digital voltmeter in use Ammeters An ammeter measures the electric current in a circuit. The name is derived from the name for the SI unit for electric current, amperes (A). In order for an ammeter to measure a device's current, it must be connected in series to that device . This is necessary because objects in series experience the same current. They must not be connected to a voltage source -- ammeters are designed to work under a minimal burden, (which refers to the voltage drop across the ammeter, typically a small fraction of a volt). An ammeter (A) is placed in series to measure current. All of the current in this circuit flows through the meter. The ammeter would have the same reading if located between points d and e or between points f and a, as it does in the position shown. (Note that the script capital E stands for EMF, and r stands for the internal resistance of the source of potential difference. ) Galvanometers (Analog Meters) Analog meters have needles that swivel to point at numbers on a scale, as opposed to digital meters, which have numerical readouts.The heart of most analog meters is a device called a galvanometer, denoted by G. Current flow through a galvanometer, IG, produces a proportional movement, or deflection, of the needle. The two crucial characteristics of any galvanometer are its resistance and its current sensitivity. Current sensitivity is the current that gives a full-scale deflection of the galvanom


The Sumida and Arakawa are two main rivers of which capital city?

Tokyo Facts | JapanVisitor Japan Travel Guide Tokyo electricity Facts about Tokyo Tokyo is a vast metropolis, and it would take more than a lifetime to properly get to know it. Here is a collection of basic facts about Tokyo for a 5-minute overview of Japan's capital city. Unless otherwise stated, all statistics are as of 2012. Tokyo geography Tokyo is the capital city of Japan, and the biggest city in Japan in terms of population and area. Tokyo is located roughly in the middle of the Japanese archipelago facing the Pacific Ocean. Tokyo is on the Kanto plain, bordering Tokyo Bay, 35 degrees 41 minutes north latitude and 139 degrees 46 minutes east longitude. The Tokyo Megalopolis Region, or Greater Tokyo Area, comprises Tokyo and the three adjacent prefectures of Chiba , Saitama , and Kanagawa . The Tokyo region contains about 26% of Japan's total population. The National Capital Region comprises Tokyo and seven surrounding prefectures: Chiba, Saitama, Kanagawa, Gunma, Tochigi, Yamanashi, and Ibaraki. Two major rivers flow through Tokyo, the Sumida River, running north-to-south into Tokyo bay, and the Tama River, running west-to-east, and forming the border between Tokyo and Kawasaki. Other rivers include the Edo, Arakawa, Sumida, Tama and Kanda rivers. Tokyo has a total land area of 2187.42 square km and is home to about 10% of the population of Japan. Including the neighboring prefectures of Saitama, Chiba and Kanagawa, the Tokyo conurbation has a total population of over 33 million inhabitants, the largest population concentration in the world. The Tokyo Sky Tree is Tokyo's and Japan's tallest structure at 634 meters Tokyo climate and weather Tokyo has an average temperature of about 16.5 degrees Celsius (62 degrees F), an average minimum temperature of about 13 degrees Celsius (55 degrees F), and an average maximum temperature of about 20 degrees Celsius (68 degrees F). Average humidity is about 60%. January and February are the coldest months in Tokyo with an average of 5 degrees Celsius (41 degrees F) and average humidity of 44%. It is the sunniest month with an average of 55% sunshine hours. July is the hottest month in Tokyo with an average of about 26 degrees Celsius (79 degrees F) and average humidity of 74%. It is the cloudiest month, with an average of 13% sunshine hours. Tokyo's total rainfall in 2013 was 1900.5 mm. September and October often form the wettest period, with April not far behind. February is usually the driest month. Tokyo has generally milder weather than the large cities of Nagoya and Osaka to the south. Tokyo time Tokyo's time zone is 9 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time. Tokyo does not have daylight saving. Tokyo earthquakes Tokyo experiences numerous earthquakes . Before the March 11 2011 Tohoku earthquake, 2005 was the year when Tokyo had had the most earthquakes of over 1 on the Richter scale, with 85 earthquakes. The Tohoku earthquake was an upper 5 on the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) scale and the aftershocks over the next two months were innumerable. The yearly average for earthquakes over 1 on the Richter scale in Tokyo is about 50. Tokyo history and politics Tokyo is the seat of the Emperor of Japan, the figurehead of Japan's constitutional monarchy, who lives in the Imperial Palace (Kohkyo) in the heart of Tokyo. Tokyo became a major city, and one of the world's most populous, from the beginning of the 17th century (then known as Edo, which had been founded in the 12th century) after 1603 when Tokugawa Ieyasu made it the seat of his feudal government. Tokyo became the capital of Japan (at the expense of Kyoto ), and had its name changed from "Edo" to "Tokyo," in 1868 with the modernizing Meiji Restoration. In 1964, Tokyo hosted the summer Olympic Games and will stage the Olympics again in 2020. Tokyo's flower: Somei Yoshino (Yoshino cherry blossom, Prunus × yedoensis) Tokyo's tree: Gingko (Ichoh in Japanese, Ginkgo biloba) Tokyo's bird: Black-headed Gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) Tokyo's official symbol, adopted in June 1989, comprises three green arcs forming the letter


Anthracite Coal Characteristics and Applications Anthracite Coal Characteristics and Applications Search the site Anthracite Coal Characteristics and Applications Discover Why This High-Ranked Hard Coal Is in Short Supply By Wendy Lyons Sunshine Updated August 03, 2016 Anthracite coal, mined from the planet's oldest geological formations, has spent the longest time underground. The coal has been subjected to the most pressure and heat, making it the most compressed and hardest coal available. Hard coal contains greater potential to produce heat energy than softer, geologically "newer" coal. Common Uses of Anthracite Coal Anthracite is also the most brittle among coal types. When burned, it produces a very hot, blue flame. A shiny black rock, anthracite is primarily used for heating residential and commercial buildings in the northeastern region of Pennsylvania, where much of it is mined. The Pennsylvania Anthracite Heritage Museum  in Scranton underscores the coal's significant economic impact on the region.  Anthracite is considered the cleanest burning coal available. It produces more heat and less smoke than other coals and is widely used in hand-fired furnaces. Some residential home heating stove systems still use anthracite, which burns longer than wood. Anthracite has been nicknamed "hard coal," especially by locomotive engineers who used it for fueling trains. Characteristics of Anthracite Coal Anthracite contains a high amount of fixed carbon -- 80 to 95 percent -- and very low sulfur and nitrogen ----- less than 1 percent each. Volatile matter is low at approximately 5 percent, with 10 to 20 percent ash possible. Moisture content is roughly 5 to 15 percent. The coal is slow-burning and difficult to ignite because of its high density, so few pulverized, coal-fired plants burn it. Heating value: Anthracite burns the hottest among coal types (roughly 900 degrees or higher) and typically produces approximately 13,000 to 15,000 Btu per pound. Waste coal discarded during anthracite mining, called culm, contains approximately 2,500 to 5,000 Btu per pound. Availability: Scarce. A tiny percent of all remaining coal resources are anthracite. Pennsylvania anthracite was mined heavily during the late 1800s and early 1900s, and remaining supplies became harder to access because of their deep location. The largest quantity of anthracite ever produced in Pennsylvania was in 1917. Location: Historically, anthracite was mined in a 480-square-mile area in the northeastern region of Pennsylvania, primarily in Lackawanna, Luzerne, and Schuylkill counties. Smaller resources are found in Rhode Island and Virginia. How Unique Qualities Impact Its Uses Anthracite is considered “non-clinkering” and free burning, because when it is ignited it does not "coke" or expand and fuse together. It is most often burned in underfeed stoker boilers or single-retort side-dump stoker boilers with stationary grates. Dry-bottom furnaces are used because of anthracite's high ash fusion temperature. Lower boiler loads tend to keep heat lower, which in turn reduces nitrogen oxide emissions. Particulate matter, or fine soot, from burning anthracite can be reduced with proper furnace configurations and appropriate boiler load, underfire air practices, and fly ash reinjection. Fabric filters, electrostatic precipitators (ESP), and scrubbers can be used to reduce particulate matter pollution from anthracite-fired boilers. Anthracite that is pulverized before burning creates more particulate matter. Inferior coal rejected from anthracite mines is called culm. Culm has less than half the heat value of mined anthracite and higher ash and moisture content. It is used most often in fluidized bed combustion (FBC) boilers. The benefits of using rejected culm, or waste coal to produce energy is the subject of this documentary .


Luke Rinehart's cult 1971 novel is called The 'what?' Man?

· March 10, 2012 · THE DICE LIFE The world was introduced to the dice life in 1971 with the publication of Luke’s novel The Dice Man. In the last decade the book has been rediscovered by a whole new generation of young people and is now published in more than 25 languages and selling more copies than ever. Plays, TV series, documentaries, films, blogs and dozens of pieces of music by well-known rock groups have been inspired by the book. In 1995 a BBC production named it “One of the fifty mos...t influential books of the last half of the twentieth century.” In 1999 Loaded magazine called The Dice Man “the novel of the century.” Such an unusual publishing phenomenon has occurred not just because the book is entertaining, but also because it challenges its readers to look at the way we live our lives. The concept of the dicelife is simple: create options of things to do, roles to play, acts to perform and let chance choose what you by the roll of a die. Diceliving is a form of psychological Ludhism. In the ninetheenth century the Ludhites physically destroyed the new industrial machines that they sensed were ruining their lives. Today the machines have been planted inside us, planted there every day by the corporate media whose every emission is to spread the values of consumerism. The only way these internal machines can be destroyed is within each individual. Our mental structures are enslaved to a world view that can only lead to personal and societal unhappiness. Diceliving is away to begin to destroy these mental structures. By listing options that are different from our habitual way of doing things, we begin, even before casting a die, to realize the degree to which we are enslaved to patterns of behavior that are repetitious paths to boredom and non-fulfillment. Casting a die to choose among fresh options sends us off on new paths, some of which will open us further to the way we have become habit-ridden and enslaved. Sooner or later we will begin to become free. The Dice Life app is a playful introduction to the dice life, one that combines the fun of playing games with a radical new approach to life. Begin as a dice “trainee” and, by opening parts of your life to new options and successfully following the rolls of the dice, which choose from among more and more adventurous options, advance up through six increasingly difficult levels to that of Dice Master. Few app games will change people’s lives: this one can. And let you have fun on the way.


What is the Italian word, meaning 'head', for the clamp-like gadget used on guitars and other fretted stringed instruments to change key and tuning?

How to Play Guitar Secret | Guitars   How to Play the Guitar like a Pro! History of the guitarWhat are the different kinds of guitars?Learning guitar lingoExploring the parts of a guitarHow to care for your guitarHow to Hold the GuitarMethods for tuning your guitarLearning chord structureHow to practice changing chordsHow to toughen up those fingersHow to StrumLearning basic 4/4 rhythm strummingLearning 3/4 Rhythm StrumFeel the beat - how to get it goingWhat is the CAPO   History of the guitar The guitar has been one of the most popular musical instruments today.Most of the kinds of music that one hears from the radio use guitars inmany ways. Pop, rock, reggae, blues, ballads and everything else isinfluenced by the guitar.The guitar, together with the drums and the piano compose the modernmusic scene equipment set. The playability of the guitar has made itone popular instrument. A guitar can be played by a learning child or anexperienced guitar player. It’s not picky with its players.Today, the electric type of guitar is mostly used in musical production.The guitar has gotten a very good accompaniment in the form of theeffects box. Today, guitars can emulate the sounds of a piano, a violin,even the sounds of the human voice. The guitar is continuouslywidening its horizons.With the functions and features of the modern electric guitar, one can’thelp thinking about the beginnings of the instrument. Where did theguitar come from? This article tries to give a brief history of thewonderful musical instrument, which is the guitar.   The creation of the guitar cannot be traced to a single person. Theguitar came about through the evolution of its predecessors. Its imagehas also undergone change throughout the centuries. Today, playing theguitar is a symbol of talent and musical prowess, but during the earlytimes, the guitar was actually a symbol of being poor and it was refutedby most classical musicians.PredecessorsThere have been many guitar-like musical instruments in the ancienttimes, up to at least 5,000 years ago. Instruments which look like theguitar were seen in statues which were recovered in archeologicalexpeditions in the Iranian region of Susa. However, the very firstdocumented mention of the instrument dates back to the fourteenthcentury. Back then, the said guitar-ancestor had three pairs of strings(usually referred to as double courses) and a single string with thehighest tone.Some say that the word “guitar” came from the word “qitara.” Qitara isan Arabic name for the different kinds of lutes during the early times. More From This User


The Pacific Ocean covers approximately what percentage of the Earth's surface?

8(o) Introduction to the Oceans 5,426,000   The spatial distribution of ocean regions and continents             is unevenly arranged across the Earth's surface. In the             Northern Hemisphere, the ratio of land to ocean is about             1 to 1.5. The ratio of land to ocean in the Southern             Hemisphere is 1 to 4. This greater abundance of ocean             surface has some fascinating effects on the environment             of the southern half of our planet. For example, climate of Southern Hemisphere locations is often more moderate             when compared to similar places in the Northern Hemisphere.             This fact is primarily due to the presence of large amounts             of heat energy stored in the oceans. The International                Hydrographic Organization has                divided and named the interconnected oceans of                the world into five main regions: Atlantic Ocean,                Arctic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, and                the Southern Ocean. Each one of these regions is                different from the others in some specific ways.   Atlantic Ocean The Atlantic               Ocean is             a relatively narrow body of water that snakes between             nearly parallel continental masses covering about 21%               of the Earth’s total surface area (Figure             8o-1). This ocean body contains most of our             planet’s shallow seas, but it has relatively few             islands. Some of the shallow seas found in the Atlantic             Ocean include the Caribbean, Mediterranean, Baltic, Black,             North, Baltic, and the Gulf of Mexico. The average depth             of the Atlantic Ocean (including its adjacent seas) is             about 3300 meters (10,800 feet). The deepest point, 8605             meters (28,232 feet), occurs in the Puerto Rico Trench. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge,             running roughly down the center of this ocean region,             separates the Atlantic Ocean into two large basins. Figure 8o-1: Atlantic             Ocean region (Image Source: CIA             World Factbook ).   Many streams empty their fresh water discharge into             the Atlantic Ocean. In fact, the Atlantic Ocean receives             more freshwater from terrestrial runoff than             any other ocean region. This ocean region also drains             some of the Earth’s largest rivers including the             Amazon, Mississippi, St. Lawrence, and Congo. The surface             area of the Atlantic Ocean is about 1.6 times greater             than the terrestrial area providing runoff.   Arctic Ocean  The Arctic               Ocean is             the smallest of the world’s five ocean regions,             covering about 3% of the Earth’s total surface             area. Most of this nearly landlocked ocean region is             located north of the Arctic Circle (Figure 8o-2).  The             Arctic Ocean is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by the             Greenland Sea, and the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait.             The Arctic Ocean is also the shallowest ocean region             with an average depth of 1050 meters (3450 feet).  The             center of the Arctic Ocean is covered by a drifting persistent             icepack that has an average thickness of about 3 meters             (10 feet).  During the winter months, this sea ice             covers much of t


New France was the name given to French colonized lands in which continent from the 16th-18th centuries?

New France facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about New France COPYRIGHT 2003 The Gale Group Inc. NEW FRANCE NEW FRANCE. For nearly two and a half centuries up to 1763, the term "New France" designated those regions of the Americas claimed in the name of French kings or occupied by their subjects. Early in the eighteenth century, New France reached its greatest extent. On official maps, it then stretched from Plaisance (presentday Placentia) in Newfoundland, through Acadia, Canada, the Great Lakes region (with a northern, recently conquered outlier on Hudson Bay), and the Mississippi Valley to the Gulf of Mexico. French settlers were concentrated in only a few parts of this vast arc of territory. The authorities laid claim to the rest by dint of a network of posts and forts, a minimal French presence made possible by an alliance with the Native nations whose land this was. While French power in this area tended to grow, it remained limited until the British conquest of 1759–1760 (confirmed, for the territory east of the Mississippi, in 1763 by the Treaty of Paris). Early Settlement of New France The idea of a new France situated an ocean away from the old gained currency after explorer Giovanni da Verrazano's 1524 voyage along the east coast of North America. If the notion contained an element of projection up to the very end, in the beginning, it was only that—a name on a 1529 map proclaiming eastern North America to be Nova Gallia. Other early New Frances were associated with exploration and, beginning in the early 1540s, short-lived settlements: in the St. Lawrence Valley, Brazil, and Florida. Only later would such efforts prove successful, as the trade with Native people, initially a by-product of the fishery, grew more intense after 1580. This both encouraged and permitted French merchant interests, official charter in hand, to establish permanent bases in the Northeast. The nuclei of the colonies of Acadia and Canada were created in 1605 and 1608, respectively, at Port-Royal (Annapolis Royal, N.S.) and Quebec. Neither of these mainly commercial establishments attracted many settlers in the early years. Be it with the Mi'kmaqs and the Abenakis in Acadia or the Innus, the Algonquins, and soon the Hurons in Canada, trade implied some form of military cooperation. Missionaries, who initiated exchanges of another, more unilateral sort, were a logical part of the bargain from the French point of view. Such were the foundations of a long collaboration between the French and a growing number of Amerindian nations. Bringing together peoples of contrasting cultures and of opposing long-term interests, the arrangement was by no means preordained. Even after it became a tradition, much hard work on the part of intermediaries on either side of the cultural divide (and a few of mixed origin who were in the middle) was required to maintain it, and their blunders could threaten it. But for the moment, the two groups' interests often converged, for reasons that ultimately had much to do with demography. While the French colonial population would grow rapidly by natural increase, by British American standards a paltry number of immigrants set the process in motion. For the moment, the French posed a correspondingly limited threat to Native lands. Moreover, as conflicts among aboriginal nations and colonial and European rivalries gradually merged, both the French and a growing number of Native peoples, facing population decline, found an alliance to their advantage. New France's Colonial Population Meanwhile, a colonial population took root. Most of New France's colonists would live in the St. Lawrence Valley. With over 65,000 inhabitants in the late 1750s, Canada was France's flagship colony on the continent, its settlers accounting for some three-fourths of the total colonial population under French rule. Colonial development accelerated noticeably in the 1660s, thanks to a series of royal measures. These included substituting for company rule a royal administration headed by a governor-general and an intendan


Sabena was which country's national airline?

history of Sabena Your browser does not support inline frames or is currently configured not to display inline frames. the history of Sabena 1923-1939 SABENA is short for Sociï¿½tï¿½ autonyme belge    d'exploitation de la navigation aï¿½rienne, or Belgian company for    exploiting aerial navigation. It began operations on May 23, 1923 as the    Belgian national carrier. It was created by the Belgian government after    its predecessor, SNï¿½TA (Syndicat national pour l'ï¿½tude des transports    aï¿½riens), which was formed in 1919 as a sort of testbed to investigate    commercial aviation in Belgium, ceased operations. SABENA Airlines' first    paying flight was from Rotterdam to Strasbourg via Brussels on April 1,    1924 (an example of the hub-and-spoke system.) Regular flights to    Amsterdam and Basle via Strasbourg were initiated by 1923 with further    routes to London, Bremen and Copenhagen by 1924. Belgian Congo When SABENA was created, it was partly funded by Belgians in the Belgian    Congo colony who had lost their air service - an experimental passenger    and cargo company (L.A.R.A.) between Kinshasa, Lisala and Stanleyville - a    year earlier, and expected the new Belgian national airline to fill this    gap. So from 1925 SABENA pioneered a route to Africa and to Belgium's    interests in the Belgian Congo. Throughout its history, SABENA has had a    long tradition with Africa flights. In fact, for a long time, these were    the only profitable flights. SABENA chose to use landplanes for its Congo operations and a program of    aerodrome construction in the Congo began. This was finished in 1926 and    SABENA immediately began flights within the Congo, the main route being    Boma-Lï¿½opoldville-ï¿½lisabethville, a 2,288 km (1,422 mi) route over dense    jungle. First, flights were with De Havilland d.h. 50 aircraft, although    these were quickly replaced with the larger Handley-Page W8f airliners,    which had three engines and ten seats. By 1931 SABENA's fleet, including the aircraft used on the Congo network,    totalled 43 aircraft. Its mainstay type was the Fokker 7B with a lesser    number of the smaller Fokker 7A and 14 Handley-Page types. It also used    the British Westland Wessex (1930) aircraft. SABENA flew aircraft out to Tropical Africa, its Congo colony,    occasionally but mostly these aircraft were shipped out. There was no    direct flight yet between Belgium and its colony. As the 1930s progressed,    SABENA cooperated with Air France and Deutsche Lufthansa (who also had    interests in routes over Africa and the Congo) on over-flight rights. SABENA's first long-haul flight to the Congo occurred February 23, 1935    and took five and a half days. It was flown by a SABENA Fokker F7b on a    direct service. The following year, SABENA purchased the Savoia-Marchetti    S.M. 73. At a speed of 300 km/h (200 mph), it reduced this route to only    four days, and the SABENA service ran on alternate weeks with Air Afrique. Expansion in Europe In Europe, SABENA opened services to Copenhagen and Malmï¿½ in 1931. A route    to Berlin was initiated in 1932. The mainstay pre-war airliner that SABENA    used in Europe was the successful Junkers Ju-52/3m airliner. The airline's    pre-war routes covered almost 6,000 km within Europe alone. While the    Brussels Haren airport was Sabena's main base, the company also operated    lines from other Belgian airports, and even had a domestic network that    was mainly used by businessmen who wanted to be in their coastal villas    for the weekend. In 1938, the airline purchased the new S.M. 83, a development of the S.M.    73 with a speed of 435 km/h (270 mph), although it flew services at a    cruising speed of about 400 km/h (250 mph.) 1939-1946 At the dawn of World War Two in Europe in 1939, SABENA's fleet totalled 18    aircraft. Its mainstay fleet type was the Savoia-Marchetti SM-73


Who owns the luxury food brand Duchy Originals, which announced £3.2m losses in 2010?

Prince of sales: Charles bucks his Duchy Originals critics | Daily Mail Online comments Four years after his world-renowned Duchy Originals food empire began to crumble like a poorly baked oatcake, it appears Prince Charles’s Midas touch has finally returned to him. Last week, it was revealed the Duchy had achieved record sales under the stewardship of Waitrose, which was forced to rescue the brand in 2009. Now, there is also happy news for his other range of Highgrove household products, including silverware, cushions, blankets and garden tools, which appears to be in equally rude health. Sales boost: Prince Charles, left, has seen sales of his Duchy Originals products go through the roof under the stewardship of Waitrose A. G. Carrick — named after the pseudonym Charles uses on his watercolours — which sells his goods at his three shops and on the Highgrove website, had a turnover of more than £4 million last year, up a third on 2011. According to accounts lodged at Companies House, the firm made profits of £608,000 in the year until the end of last March, compared to the £395,000 in the previous 12 months. The bumper results mean the company was able to donate £618,000 to the Prince of Wales’s Charitable Foundation, nearly double the £312,000 it gave the previous year. RELATED ARTICLES Share this article Share A. G. Carrick items are not cheap and include a range of hampers priced from £50 to £160, gardening goods such as a watering can gift set at £85, a Highgrove teddy bear priced at £170 and a checked scarf and flat cap for £80. The most expensively priced items are limited edition lithographs of the Prince’s watercolours of Highgrove and the Castle of Mey in Scotland, priced at £2,500 each. The Prince has had a shop and tearoom at Highgrove for many years and opened a second store in nearby Tetbury in 2008. A third shop was opened in Bath in 2010. Last week, it was revealed that the Prince’s charitable foundation had received £2.8 million from Waitrose last year, due to its licensing agreement. The line was set up by Charles in 1990, but it was hit by the recession and at one point had annual losses of £3.3 million, leading critics to brand it a vanity project. ******************************************************************************************************************************** Tom and Jessica’s romantic secret Family visit: Tom Hiddleston and Jessica Chastain Almost a year after parting from one actress, War Horse star  Tom Hiddleston has fallen for another. The object of his affection is the flame-haired, porcelain-skinned Hollywood star Jessica Chastain, who has just been nominated for an Oscar for spy thriller Zero Dark Thirty. ‘Tom is taken with Jess and it’s serious,’ says a friend. ‘Before Christmas she visited Britain to stay with him and meet all his family for the first time.’ The couple certainly appear well suited. While Tom starred in two of last year’s Oscar-nominated films and trained at Rada, Californian-born Jessica — who trained at prestigious New York drama school Juilliard —  is equally at home on the red carpet after starring in 2012 Oscar favourites The Help and The Tree Of Life. However, Jessica, 31,  and Old Etonian Tom, also 31, who previously dated theatre actress Susannah Fielding, are at pains to keep their new union quiet. Jessica, in particular, is notoriously private about her past lovers.  ‘In this business it’s very tough to maintain a relationship because we’re like gipsies — always on the move,’ she has said. ‘And the more you share your relationship with the world the less special it becomes. So I always try to keep my dating life quiet.’ ******************************************************************************************************************************** Let’s face it: who at one time or other hasn’t want to wallop their bookmaker? When Prince Harry’s chum Arthur Landon steps in to the ring for this year’s Boodles Boxing Ball, he’ll have a chance to do just that. The multi-millionaire film-maker, 31, whose late father Tim was a mercenary known as ‘the White


Spanish Word for heart | heart in Spanish Spanish Word for heart   Now you know how to say heart in Spanish. :-) Translated sentences containing 'heart' Don't you guys be without a heart! ¡No seáis sin corazón! Have you had congestive heart failure? ¿Ha tenido insuficiencia cardíaca? Patients with heart problems need to go to the hospital frequently. Es necesario que los pacientes cardiacos vayan al hospital con frecuencia. He sat in front of me and my heart stopped beating. Se sentó enfrente de mí y mi corazón dejó de latir. You have heart failure. Usted tiene falla en el corazón. learning something by heart I continue to have heart problems. Yo continúo enfermo del corazón. with heart and soul Did any member of you family die of heart trouble before being 50? ¿Algún miembro de su familia murió del corazón antes de los 50? Have you ever had a heart attack or infarct in the past? ¿Ha tenido ataque del corazón o infarto en el pasado? I am going to examine your heart. Le voy a examinar el corazón. You had a heart attack. Usted tuvo un ataque cardiaco (infarto). Yes, open heart surgery. Sí, una cirugía de corazón abierto. (If) the eyes do not see, the heart does not feel. (Out of sight, out of mind). Ojos que no ven, corazón que no siente. I love you with all my heart. Te quiero con todo mi corazón. Speak your mind! Don’t keep resentments growing in your heart. ¡Desahógate! No guardes resentimientos en tu corazón. by heart / from memory He's having a heart attack, call an ambulance. Está sufriendo una parada cardíaca, llama a urgencias. He speaks from the heart. Me habla desde el corazón. That is the heart of the matter. Ésta es la esencia del problema. This is at the heart of our resolution. Ése es el punto central de nuestra resolución. That is the very heart of the matter. Precisamente aquí se encuentra el punto clave. That is the heart of the matter. Este es el fondo de la cuestión. That is the heart of the problem. Aquí radica todo el problema. What is at the heart of the Bene? No es otra la esencia de los Decretos Bene?. Our heart is with them at this time. En estos momentos, estamos a su lado de corazón. That is at the heart of the problem. Este es el núcleo del problema. This is sincere and from the heart. Se lo digo sinceramente y de todo corazón. That is the heart of the matter here. Ese es el meollo de la cuestión. That is at the heart of your prospectus. Y eso es lo que proponen sus Señorías. 'Where there is righteousness in the heart "Donde hay rectitud en el corazón, My heart bleeds for them. Les compadezco profundamente. That is the heart of the matter. Ese es el verdadero problema. This is at the heart of the IGC. Eso está en el centro de la CIG. That should be at the heart of our discussions. Ésta debería ser nuestra preocupación en el marco del debate. We should take that to heart. Deberíamos ser conscientes de ello ahora y en el futuro. That is, after all, the heart of the matter. ¡Esto es lo importantel! They should be at the heart of all our policies. Deben ser el núcleo de todas nuestras políticas. That is the heart of the matter. Éste es el fondo de la cuestión. That is the heart of the matter. Éste es el aspecto principal de la cuestión. That is the heart of the matter. Este es el punto central. That is the heart of the problem. Ahí está el problema. They were at the heart of the Lisbon Strategy when it was launched and remain at its heart today. Eran la esencia de la Estrategia de Lisboa cuando se presentó y siguen siéndolo. And, in this regard, we approach the heart of the matter. That woman was sobbing her heart out. Aquella mujer estaba gimiendo desconsoladamente. At the heart of this project is the school curriculum. El programa escolar constituye el núcleo de ese proyecto. The heart of the problem is political, however. El fondo del problema es, no obstante, político. And that is a lesson that we have to take to heart. Y ésa es una enseñanza que debemos tomarnos muy en serio. That, ladies and gentlemen, is the heart of the matter. He aquí, mis queridos colegas, la esencia del asunto. It gets t


Saint Pega is said to be England's first female?

The tale of Saint Pega’s Anglo-Saxon stone | The Heritage Journal The tale of Saint Pega’s Anglo-Saxon stone 30/04/2010 in Ancient monuments , Neglect From The Stone Crosses of the County of Northamptonshire (1901) by C A Markham Mike Pitts in a Guardian article on Sunday the 25th April highlighted the danger of an Anglo-Saxon carved stone cross shaft being sold in the saleroom of Bonhams auctioneers. The cross dedicated to Saint Pega (who died in AD 716, and was England’s first female hermit) was from Peakirk in Northamptonshire. As an invaluable piece of our heritage, that it should go on to the open market, with the danger of it being exported abroad, raised alarm bells in the archaeological world. Two things came to light about this stone, firstly that although the chapel and house in which it had been housed were listed buildings under English law, the stone was not, and of course stone as a material is not covered by the Treasure Act. Professor Rosemary Cramp, a leading expert on Anglo-Saxon history said she had worked hard to “stop a market in these monuments from being created”. It was indeed unfortunate that the owner of the house in which the stone had been kept for the last few years, had merely decided to sell the stone on a whim, rather than with a profit motive in mind. But the seventh cavalry came charging in at the last moment, and it can be revealed that, “it was the Guardian wot won it”. In an article on Thursday 29th, Mike Pitts, ever so slightly victorious, wrote that Bonham’s had withdrawn the cross from sale on Tuesday evening, in no small part to letters of protest written by Janet Gough (director of cathedrals and church buildings for The Church of England) and Mike Heyworth (director of the Council for British Archaeology). So the cross is saved, its’ future not known at the present time, though it would obviously be preferable that it ended up in Peterborough Museum for public display. For more information the following links lead to the two original articles and the   link  below raises a more serious question as to the legality of selling ‘ancient stones’…. “Bonhams established it [sc. the cross] was not part of the listed building, which would have prevented the sale: the church had simply sold it with the house without restrictions, and it’s not physically attached… But there is a more important issue here. “Has the cross been “removed from a building or structure of historical, architectural or archaeological interest where the object has at any time formed part of the building or structure”? Would the cross be protected under the Dealing in Cultural Objects (Offences) Act 2003?”.     Looting Matters blog Has the stone been saved?      Mike Pitts – Guardian article; 28th April 2010 Paul Barford’s excellent blog also highlights the perils.


What is the name of the mount on which the Hollywood sign sits in California?

Hollywood Sign Built | World History Project 1923 Hollywood Sign Built The Hollywood Sign is a famous landmark in the Hollywood Hills area of Mount Lee, Santa Monica Mountains, in Los Angeles, California, spelling out the name of the area in 45-foot (13.7 m) tall and 350 ft (106.7 m) long white letters. It was created as an advertisement in 1923, but garnered increasing recognition after the sign was left up. The sign was a frequent target of pranks and vandalism but has since undergone restoration, including a security system to deter vandalism. The sign is protected and promoted by the Hollywood Sign Trust, a nonprofit organization whose purpose is to physically maintain, repair and secure the sign, to educate the world about its historical and cultural importance, and to raise the funds necessary to accomplish these projects.


Middle East Map, Map of Middle East Landforms, Turkey, Iraq, Dubai Map - Worldatlas.com Major Landforms of the Middle East ANATOLIAN PLATEAU This generally barren and arid plateau of central Turkey averages about 500 meters in elevation. Farming and livestock raising (the major industries), are difficult occupations here as extreme temperatures, both summer and winter are commonplace. Regardless, scattered towns and villages cover the landscape. AN NAFUD DESERT (part of the Arabian Desert) This desert of western Saudi Arabia is famous for gigantic sand dunes, some reaching over 100 ft.high. AR RUB' AL KHALI DESERT (Empty Quarter) also (Arabian Desert) Known as the Empty Quarter, it's the largest (only sand) desert in the world and famed for huge sand dunes that can extend for over 25 miles. It covers most of southern Saudi Arabia, and is almost moistureless. The Ad Dahna' is the northern expanse that connects to the An Nafud Desert. The Arabian Desert is approximately 1,000,000 sq miles in total size. ASIR & HEJAZ MOUNTAINS Running along Saudi Arabia's border with the Red Sea, this range of lower mountains averages 6,000 - 7,000 ft. (1,829 - 2,130m) CAUCASUS MOUNTAINS Located between the Black and Caspian Seas, these mountains dominate the landscape of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia (all part of southeastern Europe,) where the Middle East begins. Many of the volcanic peaks here exceed 15,000 ft., with the highest point being Mt. Elbrus at 18,481 ft. (5,633m). DASH -E LUT (Lout Desert) This region of eastern Iran is an arid, wind-blown desert, completely surrounded by mountains. In the summer months, it can be one of the hottest and driest spots on the planet. In some areas here rain has not been measured. DASHT -E KAVIR (Kavir Desert) This plateau of north-central Iran is often referred to as the "Great Salt Desert." It's the largest desert in the country and is mostly uninhabited wasteland covered with crusty salt ridges. ELBURZ MOUNTAINS (or Alborz) Extending for almost 620 miles along Iran's northern border with the Caspian Sea, these jagged mountains average over 9,000 ft, with the highest point being Mt. Damavand, a dormant volcano, at 18,602 ft.(5,670m) HADRAMAWT This low mountain range (and region) of Yemen averages about 3,500 ft. (1,067m), with the highest peak estimated at 8,000 ft., (2,440m). HINDU KUSH These dramatic mountains form a natural border between Afghanistan and Pakistan, with many snow-capped peaks reaching over 22,000 ft. The highest point is Tirich Mir at 25,282 ft. (7,706m). KARA KUM DESERT This desert of south-central Turkmenistan is a large mass of sand known for its towering sand dunes extending in all directions. It's about 115,000 sq. miles in size. PAMIR This region and its namesake mountains stretch across much of Tajikistan and parts of Afghanistan, China and Pakistan, and similar to the Hindu Kush, numerous peaks exceed 22,000 ft, with the highest point being Pik Samani at 24,590 ft. (7,495m). SYRIAN DESERT At approximately 200,000 sq, miles (518,000 sq, km) it covers parts of Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia and western Iraq. Very little rain falls in this arid wasteland, however, Arab nomads inhabit the desert and successfully raise cattle and camels. Oil pipelines are commonplace, as well as scattered oases. TAURUS MOUNTAINS This rugged chain extends across southern Turkey to its borders with Iraq and Iran. The highest point (Mt. Ararat) is located in the Eastern Taurus range. This extinct volcano is 16,583 ft. (5,137m) high. It is felt by biblical historians that Noah's Ark landed here. The Koroglu and Ponic ranges stretch along the Black Sea coast of northern Turkey. TIEN SHAN (also Tian) Stretching almost 1,500 miles across Kyrgyzstan and well into China, this multiple range of mountains commonly exceed 19,000 ft., with the highest point being Pik Pobeda at 24,407 ft. (7,439m). ZAGROS MOUNTAINS The many ranges of the Zagros extend along southern and western Iran and into northern Iraq. Many peaks exceed 9,000 ft., with the highest point being Zard Kuh at 14,921 ft. (4,548m). Landform


Which gemstone is associated (traditional UK/US) with a 45th wedding anniversary?

45th Anniversary - Forty-Fifth Wedding Anniversary Most Popular Song 45 Years Ago: "THE FIRST TIME EVER I SAW YOUR                                                              FACE" - Roberta Flack Price of Gasoline when you were married: $.36 / gallon TRADITIONAL/MODERN GIFT: Both traditional and modern gifts for the 45th wedding anniversary are sapphire. As with most stones, sapphires can be incorporated into various sorts of jewelry or vases. Here are a few ideas: ring, pendant, money clip, tie clip, bracelet or cuff links. Some non-jewelry gift ideas are: blue home decor, blue crystal bowl or vase or blue lingerie or clothing. GEMSTONE: Sapphire is a very hard stone and its history dates back to biblical times. It is thought that the tablets containing the Ten Commandments were made from sapphire. It was also thought that the earth rested on a huge piece of sapphire which in turn reflected the sun and gave the sky its bluish color. Royalty has worn sapphire to symbolize wisdom, holiness, virtue and good fortune. Sapphire was used in Princess Diana’s engagement ring. Used in an engagement ring, sapphire is particularly meaningful because it symbolizes faithfulness and sincerity. It is an alternative to the traditional engagement ring. FLOWER: There isn’t a particular flower associated with the 45th wedding anniversary. This leaves the decision to you. You could get a bouquet of 45 of your spouse’s favorite flowers and put them in a sapphire colored vase or tie them with a sapphire colored ribbon. We invite you to visit us for your 50th anniversary and we will give you ideas for your golden anniversary.


Love - Wikiquote Love Jump to: navigation , search There is, in the human Breast, a social Affection, which extends to our whole Species. ~ John Adams Love is a variety of different feelings, states, and attitudes that ranges from interpersonal affection ("I love my mother") to pleasure ("I loved that meal"). It can refer to an emotion of a strong attraction and personal attachment. It can also be a virtue representing human kindness, compassion, and affection—"the unselfish loyal and benevolent concern for the good of another". It may also describe compassionate and affectionate actions towards other humans, one's self or animals. A[ edit ] Love is the expansion of two natures in such fashion that each include the other, each is enriched by the other. Love is an echo in the feelings of a unity subsisting between two persons which is founded both on likeness and on complementary differences. ~ Felix Adler The greatest thing you'll ever learn is just to love and be loved in return. ~ Eden Ahbez Love is the only thing that we can carry with us when we go, and it makes the end so easy. ~ Louisa May Alcott Love costs all we are and will ever be. Yet it is only love which sets us free. A Brave and Startling Truth. ~ Maya Angelou Love is the principal cause of pleasure. ~ Thomas Aquinas Choose to love whomsoever thou wilt: all else will follow. ~ Augustine of Hippo What love will make you do All the things that we accept Be the things that we regret ~ Ashanti Once for all, then, a short precept is given thee: Love, and do what thou wilt... ~ Augustine of Hippo Let the root of love be within, of this root can nothing spring but what is good. ~ Augustine of Hippo Since love grows within you, so beauty grows. For love is the beauty of the soul. ~ Augustine of Hippo Choose to love whomsoever thou wilt: all else will follow. ~ Augustine of Hippo Love flowers best in openness and freedom. Edward Abbey , Desert Solitaire (1968), "Cliffrose and Bayonets", p. 26 Love can defeat that nameless terror. Loving one another, we take the sting from death. Loving our mysterious blue planet, we resolve riddles and dissolve all enigmas in contingent bliss. The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (2005), film based on the novel by Douglas Adams Mysterious love, uncertain treasure, Hast thou more of pain or pleasure! Endless torments dwell about thee: Yet who would live, and live without thee! Joseph Addison , Rosamond (c. 1707), Act III, scene 2 When love's well-timed 'tis not a fault to love; The strong, the brave, the virtuous, and the wise, Sink in the soft captivity together. Joseph Addison , Cato, A Tragedy (1713), Act III, scene 1 When love once pleads admission to our hearts, (In spite of all the virtue we can boast), The woman that deliberates is lost. Joseph Addison , Cato, A Tragedy (1713), Act IV, scene 1 Love is the expansion of two natures in such fashion that each include the other, each is enriched by the other. Love is an echo in the feelings of a unity subsisting between two persons which is founded both on likeness and on complementary differences. Without the likeness there would be no attraction; without the challenge of the complementary differences there could not be the closer interweaving and the inextinguishable mutual interest which is the characteristic of all deeper relationships. Felix Adler , Life and Destiny (1913), Section 5: Love and Marriage The greatest thing you'll ever learn is just to love and be loved in return. Louisa May Alcott , Little Women (1868), chapter 24: Gossip Love is the only thing that we can carry with us when we go, and it makes the end so easy. Louisa May Alcott , Little Women (1868), chapter 40: The Valley Of The Shadow “There is much to be known,” said Adaon, “and above all much to be loved, be it the turn of the seasons or the shape of a river pebble. Indeed, the more we find to love, the more we add to the measure of our hearts.” Love is the answer, but while you're waiting for the answer, sex raises some pretty interesting questions. Woody Allen , reported in James Robert Parish, The Hollyw


Animals or Creatures That Can Survive the Cataclysmic Effect of an Asteroid Animals or Creatures That Can Survive the Cataclysmic Effect of an Asteroid February 22, 2013 by Fiboni 1 comment Asteroids- This word is not an unfamiliar term, after all it is what we have all been studying in our science classes, have been watching in our sci-fi movies and also coming across the spine-chilling news that are making headlines this year. Asteroids pass by earth every now and then, the most recent being the asteroid 2012- DA14 which had a close brush with earth on 15th Feb 2013. They are small planetoids that pose a great threat to earth and have immense potential of inadvertently destroying life on this planet. Cretaceous Paleocene Extinction Event About 65 million years ago, an asteroid striking earth destroyed all the dinosaurs, which ultimately attributed to their extinction. This miserable ending of these huge beasts by an asteroid strike is today known as the Cretaceous-Paleocene extinction event . The impact hurled huge amounts of igneous rocks and toxic particles into the atmosphere, eventually blanketing the whole planet in heat and further in cold. Fascinatingly, there were other animals, creatures and the stunners who managed to survive this apocalypse. But the question is who of todays animals can survive and HOW? Scientists have agreed that the three basic things that a creature needs to survive the cataclysmic effect of asteroid are: They have to be small, They should be extensively dispersed across the world and most importantly They must live underground Researchers were curious as to what kind of creatures had the potential to survive the cataclysmic effect of asteroids. Read to know which organisms are on the list. Subterranean Animals: Don’t underestimate these cute fellows. They have the best chances of surviving an asteroid hit. They live underground for almost all their life, and that’s the reason they are saved from the cataclysmic events like asteroid shower. A habitat underground can keep them protected from predators, extreme temperatures and dry climates. Animals like Aardvark, armadillos, badgers, bilby, chipmunks, desert tortoise, fennex fox, hamster, jerboa, kangaroo rat, meerkat, mole, nutria, mongoose, rabbits, rodents, tarantulas, wood chucks, shrews, worms and ants are some of the animals who come into this category. Marine Animals: Crocodiles- They are cold-blooded and can survive for very long without food, stay in pitch darkness and in chilling cold. They are lucky enough to pursue an amphibious lifestyle and have an ability to burrow which can easily save them from any cataclysmic attack. Lucky croc! Mummichog- Now, this is really not “fishy” as you think. This 15-cm long fish can survive any habitat, whether they are kept in warm or cold, freshwater or salty, polluted or clean water. Their adaptability is quite powerful by which they can readily activate and de-activate their genes according to the environment. Micro-Organisms- Oceanic Algae- They can survive darkness, cold, heat and acidification of the ocean too. They can survive a period of almost non-active phase and then revive when the conditions are suitable. Cyanobacteria- This is ocean-dwelling bacteria which survive via photosynthesis. All they need to live is the light from the sun. They have a great capacity to survive in high acidic conditions even without oxygen. Mixotrophs- They have a great ability to consume matter in absenteeism of sunlight. They can survive in any crucial situation and can be found in dust and debris. They can also continue to live in low-light conditions. They consume other organisms and rebound quiet quickly. All the above organisms can easily survive the ruinous effect of asteroids. Other Species: Cockroaches- That one menace which can make any girl scream her head off. One such insect that can face any catastrophic climate change, a viral pandemic, a comet collision or a nuclear war, is this petite cockroach. They can also hold their breath for 40 minutes and can survive without water for several weeks


Tahiti is the largest of which group of islands?

Tahiti Encyclopedia  >  Places  >  Australia and Oceania  >  Pacific Islands Political Geography Tahiti Tahiti (tähēˈtē) [ key ], island (2002 pop. 169.674), South Pacific, in the Windward group of the Society Islands , French Polynesia . The capital is Papeete . Tahiti is the largest (402 sq mi/1,041 sq km) and most important of the French Pacific islands. The peninsula of Taiarapu, which forms E Tahiti, is joined to the western part of the island by the Isthmus of Taravao. Tahiti is mountainous, with four prominent peaks, the highest of which is Mt. Orohena (7,618 ft/2,322 m). The chief products are tropical fruits, copra, vanilla, and sugarcane; there are pearl fisheries off the coast. Tourism is easily the most important industry on the island. The inhabitants of Tahiti are mostly Polynesian, but there is a large Chinese minority. The island was settled by Polynesians in the 14th cent.; the first European to visit Tahiti was the English navigator Samuel Wallis, and later visits were made by Capt. James Cook (1769, 1773, 1777), and by the Bounty under Lt. William Bligh (1788). English missionaries arrived in the 1797, and French missionaries by the late 1830s. In 1843 the Tahitian queen Pomare IV was forced to agree to the establishment of a French protectorate. After her death (1877) and the subsequent abdication (1880) of her son Pomare V, France made Tahiti a colony. During World War II the Tahitians voted (1940) to support the Free French; in 1946 all the indigenous inhabitants became French citizens. In 1995, French nuclear testing at two atolls about 750 miles away sparked protests on Tahiti. Paul Gauguin did many of his paintings in Tahiti, and Robert Louis Stevenson spent some time there. Tahiti was formerly called Otaheite and King George III Island. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.


In which year was the National Health Service established in Great Britain?

About the National Health Service (NHS) in England - NHS Choices Learn more about the structure of the NHS in England . In 2014, the Commonwealth Fund declared that in comparison with the healthcare systems of 10 other countries (Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the US) the NHS was the most impressive overall. The NHS was rated as the best system in terms of efficiency, effective care, safe care, co-ordinated care, patient-centred care and cost-related problems. It was also ranked second for equity. Scale The NHS employs more than 1.5 million people, putting it in the top five of the world’s largest workforces, together with the US Department of Defence, McDonalds, Walmart and the Chinese People’s Liberation Army. The NHS in England is the biggest part of the system by far, catering to a population of 54.3 million and employing around 1.2 million people. Of those, the clinically qualified staff include 150,273 doctors, 40,584 general practitioners (GPs), 314,966 nurses and health visitors, 18,862 ambulance staff, and 111,127 hospital and community health service (HCHS) medical and dental staff. The NHS in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland employs 161,415; 84,000 and 66,000 people respectively. Funding Funding for the NHS comes directly from taxation. Since the NHS transformation in 2013, the NHS payment system has become underpinned by legislation. The Health & Social Care Act 2012 moves responsibility for pricing from the Department of Health , to a shared responsibility for NHS England and NHS Improvement . When the NHS was launched in 1948, it had a budget of £437 million (roughly £15 billion at today’s value). For 2015/16, the overall NHS budget was around £116.4 billion. NHS England is managing £101.3 billion of this.   You can also read The NHS budget and how it has changed  – a study by the King’s Fund.


In 1919, which country became the first to legalise abortion?

Abortion Laws: Was Iceland the First Nation to Legalize? Planet Observer / Getty Images / Universal Images Group Satellite image of Iceland The oft-cited law was passed 80 years ago, on Jan. 28, 1935 Ask the Internet which country was the first to legalize abortion and you’re likely to find some confusing answers, many of which point in one direction: Iceland. It’s true that, 80 years ago, on Jan. 28 of 1935, Iceland’s “Law No. 38” declared that the mother’s health and “domestic conditions” may be taken into consideration when considering whether to permit doctors to perform an abortion. And, according to the 1977 book Abortion by Malcolm Potts, Peter Diggory and John Peel , that law stuck for decades. However, there are a lot of caveats to that “first” label. For one thing, abortion spent centuries as neither illegal nor legal, before becoming formally legislated, which happened in the 19th century in many places. Iceland, then, was the first Western nation to create what we might now recognize as a common modern abortion legalization policy, with a set of conditions making the procedure not impossible but not entirely unregulated. Some other nations that passed abortion laws before Iceland’s ( like Mexico, for example ) also included conditions, like rape, under which it would be permitted. And, as Robertson’s Book of Firsts clarifies, the Soviet Union had actually legalized abortion, on demand, more than a decade earlier. The difference was that (a) the Soviet law didn’t last, as that nation underwent a series of regime changes, and (b) the conditions for legality were different. Though abortion was later strictly limited in Russia, legalization was apparently no small thing when it was first introduced. As TIME reported on Feb. 17, 1936: A not entirely enthusiastic participant last week was Dictator Joseph Stalin at the celebration by massed Communist delegations from all over Russia of the tenth anniversary of the founding in Moscow of the Union of the Militant Godless. This unprecedented Jubilee of Godlessness could only be compared to that celebrated by Bolsheviks in honor of the tenth anniversary of the Legalization in Russia of Abortion.


Which monarch was the first Supreme Governor of the Church of England?

Queen's role as head of Church of England 'may no longer be appropriate' - Telegraph Queen Elizabeth II Queen's role as head of Church of England 'may no longer be appropriate' The Queen’s role as head of the Church of England may no longer be “appropriate” following changes to the law of succession, a group of MPs has  suggested. Under current laws, the Queen is required to 'join in communion' with the Church of England and take on the role of Supreme Governor, promoting Anglicanism in Britain Photo: PA


Mock Turtle Soup is traditionally made from the head of a?

The Kitchen Project - "Turtle Soup and Mock Turtle Soup " About TURTLE SOUP by Janet Clarkson Turtle     soup was popular in the 19th century probably as a symbol of opulence     - particularly during the Victorian era. It was considered essential at     ceremonial dinners - for example it was always on the menu for the Lord     Mayors banquets in London. The soup was made from the green cartilage     that lines the shell of the turtle (no doubt the meat was added too) -     this gave it a particularly gelatinous texture. I suspect it was food     snobbery which helped make it popular - it was imported and therefore     expensive, and only for the wealthy. I suppose     this led inevitably to the "Mock" variety appearing in the early 1800's.     Apparently 15,000 turtles a year were imported into England from the Cayman     Islands (to my knowledge it is the only place in the world which now has     farmed green turtles) They nearly became extinct in many areas, and are     still protected in most places. I suppose that meant that Mock Turtle     was the only turtle soup for anyone! I did read once that Abe Lincoln     was a thrifty chap - so no doubt this is why he personally ordered the     soup for that day. Mock Turtle     Soup Mrs.     Beeton (first ed 1861) She gives 2 recipes, and the second one (called     "More Economical") uses veal knuckle. A knuckle     of veal weighing 5 or 6 lbs., 2 cow     heels, 2 large     onions stuck with cloves, 1 bunch     of sweet herbs, 3 blades     of mace, 4 quarts     of water.   Put     all the ingredients, except the forcemeat balls and lemon juice in an     earthen jar, and stew for 6 hours. Do not open it till cold, When wanted     for use, skim off all the fat, and strain carefully; place it on the fire,     cut up the meat into inch and a half squares, put it, with the forcemeat     balls and lemon juice, into the soup, and serve. It can be flavoured with a teaspoonful of anchovy, or Harvey's sauce.     Sufficient for 10 persons she says. Forcemeat     balls She gives     a lot of recipes for different forcemeat balls for various dishes - the     one for turtle soup is "Soyer's recipe" (he got around that guy) Take a pound and a half of lean veal from the fillet, and cut it in long thin     slices; scrape with a knife till nothing but the fibre remains; put it     in a mortar, pound it 10 minutes, or until a puree; pass it through a     wire sieve (use the remainder in stock); then take 1 pound of good fresh     beef suet, which skin, shred, and chop very fine; put in a mortar and     pound it; then add 6oz of panada (that is, bread soaked in milk and boiled     till nearly dry) with the suet; pound them well together, add the veal,;     season with a teaspoonful of salt, a quarter of one of pepper, half that     of nutmeg; work all well together; then add four and eggs by degrees,     continually pounding the contents of the mortar. When well mixed, take     small pieces in a spoon, and poach in some boiling water; and if it is     delicate, firm, and of a good flavour, it is ready for use. Mock     Turtle Soup 2 From Mary Randolph's, The     Virginia Housewife . It was first printed in 1824, and this recipe comes from the 1860 edition Have     a large head(of a calf or veal) cleaned nicely without taking off the     skin, divide the chop from the front of the head, take out the tongue,     (which is best when salted,) put on the head with a gallon of water, the     hock of a ham or a piece of nice pork, four or five onions, thyme, parsley,     cloves and nutmeg, pepper and salt, boil all these together until the     flesh on the head is quite tender, then take it up, cut all into small     pieces, take the eyes out carefully, strain the water in which it was     boiled, add half a pint of wine and a g


If something is 'fluviatile', it is produced or found in a?

10(z) Fluvial Landforms (z). Fluvial Landforms Stream Channel Types Within a single stream we             can often recognize three different channel types.             These unique channel types develop in response to changes             in stream velocity, sediment texture,             and stream grade. Channels located             in the upper reaches of many streams tend to be narrow             with flow moving at high velocities (Figure 10z-1).             The high flow velocities found in these streams are the             result of a steep grade and gravity. Within these stream             systems, erosion is             a very active process as the channel tries to adjust itself to the topography of the landscape. Deposition occurs             primarily during periods of low flow. As a result, floodplain deposits             are very limited, and the stream             bed is very transient and shallow. Figure 10z-1: Upper             reach of a stream in the Rocky Mountains, Canada.   Streams with high sediment loads that             encounter a sudden reduction in flow velocity generally             have a braided channel             type (Figure 10z-2).             This type of stream channel often occurs further down             the stream profile where the grade             changes from being steep to gently sloping. In a braided             stream, the main channel divides into a number of smaller,             interlocking or braided channels. Braided channels tend             to be wide and shallow because bedload materials are             often coarse ( sands and gravels) and non-cohesive. Figure 10z-2: Braided             stream channel. Meandering channels             form where streams are flowing over a relatively flat             landscape with a broad floodplain (Figure             10z-3). Technically, a stream is said to be             meandering when the ratio of actual channel length to             the straight line distance between two points on the             stream channel is greater than 1.5. Channels in these             streams are characteristically U-shaped and actively             migrate over the extensive floodplain . Figure 10z-3: Meandering             stream channel. Stream Channel Features Within the stream channel are a variety             of sedimentary beds and             structures. Many of these features are dependent upon             the complex interaction between stream velocity and sediment size. Streams carrying coarse sediments develop             sand and gravel bars . These types of bars seen often             in braided             streams which are common in elevated areas (Figure             10z-4). Bars develop in braided streams because             of reductions in discharge .             Two conditions often cause the reduction in discharge:             reduction in the gradient of the stream and/or the reduction             of flow after a precipitation event or spring melting             of snow and ice. Figure 10z-4: Braided             stream channel with gravel bars.   Point               bars develop where stream flow is locally               reduced because of friction and reduced water depth               (Figure 10z-5).               In a meandering stream,               point bars tend to be common on the inside of a channel               bend. Figure 10z-5: Meandering             stream channel as seen


A deuteragonist is second in importance in a?

deuteragonist - definition of deuteragonist in English | Oxford Dictionaries Definition of deuteragonist in English: deuteragonist The person second in importance to the protagonist in a drama. Example sentences ‘Henry Fleming, the youth who is the protagonist of this thrillingly realistic drama of war, has for deuteragonist Wilson, the loud young boaster.’ ‘Henry Drummond, the deuteragonist, or character second in importance in Inherit the Wind, can be considered the hero of the play.’ ‘The photo is of Will Ferrell's great character Mugatu, deuteragonist of the definitive filmic treatment of the fashion world, Zoolander.’ ‘In Elizabethan England, the public generally regarded playwrights and actors as reprobates and scapegraces; lords and ladies risked their reputations by hobnobbing with dramatists and deuteragonists.’ ‘The second best actor was called the deuteragonist.’ ‘The deuteragonist is a rather seedy individual who actually invented the hominids and is now on the run while trying to find a way to destroy his creation.’ ‘The ‘subject’ under analysis is Nyasha, the anorexic, teenage deuteragonist of Tsitsi Dangarembga's 1988 novel Nervous Conditions.’ ‘The first actor was the protagonist, the second the deuteragonist, and the third the tritagonist.’ ‘Nor does he confine himself to the great figures such as the Gracchi, Marius, Sulla, Cicero, Pompey, and Caesar; he is equally fond of portraying the characters of deuteragonists like Clodius, Curio, Lepidus, and Plancus.’ ‘Abulafia is also the nickname given by deuteragonist Jacopo Belbo to his home computer in Umberto Eco's Foucault's Pendulum.’ ‘It is a wonderfully told tale, with a well drawn main character and an unforgettable deuteragonist.’ ‘In Agamemnon, there can be but little doubt that the protagonist impersonated only Clytemnestra, leaving the deuteragonist the briefer parts of the Herald, Cassandra, and Ægisthus, and to the tritagonist the Watchman and Agamemnon.’ ‘As most plays called for three speaking actors, the protagonists probably chose their own second and third players - the deuteragonist and tritagonist.’ ‘She learned at Cambridge that in Greek tragedy there was one protagonist, and one deuteragonist.’ ‘Mr. Voaden undoubtedly intended to depict a struggle, but the second contestant - the deuteragonist if that useful word had been naturalized in English - is not presented as an individual or group, but rather as the spirit of the country.’ ‘To the Irishman, Flaherty, who served in the Palestine Police, East is Palestine, and not Malaya, which, naturally, for us Europeans is further east than India but which to Nabby Adams, the deuteragonist we meet on the very first page of the book, is no east at all.’ ‘A deuteragonist in that little drama, I had a moment of doubt.’ ‘The deuteragonist could have played the nurse, Jason, and messenger, with the tritagonist playing the tutor, Creon, and Aegeus.’ ‘This is a typical response, when there's no cogent argument available to the deuteragonist.’ Origin Mid 19th century: from Greek deuteragōnistēs, from deuteros second + agōnistēs actor. Pronunciation Which of these is written in the passive? The family watched the TV show The TV show was watched Which of these is written in the passive? The bone was chewed The dog chewed the bone Which of these is written in the passive? The child read the book The book was read Which of these is written in the passive? The manager promoted him Which of these is written in the passive? The house was burgled The gang burgled the house Which of these is written in the passive? Mum ironed the clothes Which of these is written in the passive? The toy was played with The cat played with the toy Which of these is written in the passive? Steven punctured the football Which of these is written in the passive? The glass was broken Which of these is written in the passive? The storm shocked the family The family were shocked You scored /10 practise again? Retry Most popular in the world Australia


The lempira is the basic monetary unit of which Central American country?

Honduras:   Maps, History, Geography, Government, Culture, Facts, Guide & Travel/Holidays/Cities Juan Orlando Hernández Wins 2013 Presidential Election Geography Honduras, in the north-central part of Central   America, has a Caribbean as well as a Pacific coastline. Guatemala is to   the west, El Salvador to the south, and Nicaragua to the east. The   second-largest country in Central America, Honduras is slightly larger   than Tennessee. Generally mountainous, the country is marked by fertile   plateaus, river valleys, and narrow coastal plains. Government Democratic constitutional republic. History During the first millennium, Honduras was   inhabited by the Maya. Columbus explored the country in 1502. Honduras,   with four other Central American nations, declared its independence from   Spain in 1821 to form a federation of Central American states. In 1838, Honduras left the federation and became independent. Political unrest   rocked Honduras in the early 1900s, resulting in an occupation by U.S.   Marines. Dictator Gen. Tiburcio Carias Andino established a strong   government in 1932. In 1969, El Salvador invaded Honduras after   Honduran landowners deported several thousand Salvadorans. Five thousand   people ultimately died in what is called “the football war” because it   broke out during a soccer game between the two countries. By threatening   economic sanctions and military intervention, the Organization of American   States (OAS) induced El Salvador to withdraw.