What chemical compound of 1 carbon and 4 hydrogen atoms is the simplest alkane, and the principal component of natural gas?

Visionlearning | Chemistry | Carbon Chemistry Carbon Chemistry bonding : the act of linking two atoms together formula : an expression of the composition of a chemical compound using symbols property : a characteristic; an attribute Glossary Terms To understand life as we know it, we must first understand a little bit of organic chemistry. Organic molecules contain both carbon and hydrogen. Though many organic chemicals also contain other elements , it is the carbon-hydrogen bond that defines them as organic. Organic chemistry defines life. Just as there are millions of different types of living organisms on this planet, there are millions of different organic molecules , each with different chemical and physical properties. There are organic chemicals that make up your hair, your skin, your fingernails, and so on. The diversity of organic chemicals is due to the versatility of the carbon atom . Why is carbon such a special element? Let's look at its chemistry in a little more detail. The uniqueness of carbon Carbon (C) appears in the second row of the periodic table and has four bonding electrons in its valence shell (see our Periodic Table module for more information). Similar to other non-metals, carbon needs eight electrons to satisfy its valence shell . Carbon therefore forms four bonds with other atoms (each bond consisting of one of carbon's electrons and one of the bonding atom's electrons). Every valence electron participates in bonding; thus, a carbon atom's bonds will be distributed evenly over the atom's surface . These bonds form a tetrahedron (a pyramid with a spike at the top), as illustrated below: Carbon forms 4 bonds Organic chemicals get their diversity from the many different ways carbon can bond to other atoms . The simplest organic chemicals, called hydrocarbons , contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms; the simplest hydrocarbon (called methane) contains a single carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms: Methane - a carbon atom bonded to 4 hydrogen atoms  But carbon can bond to other carbon atoms in addition to hydrogen, as illustrated in the molecule ethane below: Ethane - a carbon-carbon bond In fact, the uniqueness of carbon comes from the fact that it can bond to itself in many different ways. Carbon atoms can form long chains: Hexane - a 6-carbon chain Decane C10H22 The chemical formula for any alkane is given by the expression CnH2n+2. The structural formula, shown for the first five alkanes in the table, shows each carbon atom and the elements that are attached to it. This structural formula is important when we begin to discuss more complex hydrocarbons . The simple alkanes share many properties in common. All enter into combustion reactions with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water vapor. In other words, many alkanes are flammable. This makes them good fuels. For example, methane is the main component of natural gas , and butane is common lighter fluid . CH4 The chemical reaction between a fuel (for example wood) and an oxidizing agent. Alkenes The second class of simple hydrocarbons , the alkenes , consists of molecules that contain at least one double-bonded carbon pair. Alkenes follow the same naming convention used for alkanes . A prefix (to describe the number of carbon atoms) is combined with the ending "ene" to denote an alkene. Ethene, for example is the two-carbon molecule that contains one double bond . The chemical formula for the simple alkenes follows the expression CnH2n. Because one of the carbon pairs is double bonded, simple alkenes have two fewer hydrogen atoms than alkanes. Ethene Alkynes Alkynes are the third class of simple hydrocarbons and are molecules that contain at least one triple-bonded carbon pair. Like the alkanes and alkenes , alkynes are named by combining a prefix with the ending "yne" to denote the triple bond . The chemical formula for the simple alkynes follows the expression CnH2n-2. Ethyne b.false Functional groups In addition to carbon and hydrogen, hydrocarbons can also contain other elements . In fact, many common gr


Which Pope was carried off into France by Bonaparte's troops in 1798?

Napoleon Bonaparte: The World’s Greatest Napoleon Bonaparte: The World’s Greatest By Jenner Vigil Napoleon’s Early Life Napoleon Bonaparte, also known as Emperor of France, or Napoleon      the 1st was brought into this world an August 15, 1769.      That was the day the world changed! Napoleon was not born of French      blood, but only of a minor, insignificant, noble Italian blood. Napoleon      started his life in a big house, but with very little money. When      Napoleon was 10 year old, he was sent to a military boarding school      called Brienne-le-Château. This is where he first found      his taste for power. As a young boy he would organize complex strategies      in snowball fights. Napoleon was constantly tormented by his classmates      for being small, and for having a thick Corsican accent. In the beginning,      Napoleon wanted to be a British Naval Commander. So, he enrolled in      the naval school and within a month of attending school, he decided      he wanted to learn about artillery. He completed his two to three      year course in just one year and graduated from school in September,      1785.  Then, Napoleon was given the role of second lieutenant. Siege of Tulon Napoleons real first taste of major victory was in the Siege of Tulon.      He was given control of all the French artillery troops. He      quickly found a hill he could use to dominate the harbor and force      the British out of the port. For his actions in battle he was given      the rank of Brigadier General. He was also given control of all artillery      in Italy . Vendémiaire On October 5, 1795, and for the first time, Napoleon Bonaparte showed      the full extent of his military genius. Paris was under attack from      the royalists. The streets were filled with ten thousand or more.      So, Napoleon positioned heavy artillery on the roofs of the buildings      and fired grape shot into the crowd, killing one thousand four hundred      royalists. The rest of the mob fled after seeing that. Napoleon had      saved Paris! Invasion of England On March 9, 1796 Napoleon married Josephine de Beauharnias. Two days      after his marrige he left Paris to take control of the army of Italy . The army was weak, hungry, tired, and running out of supplies. He      led this army for approximately one year and  captured one      hundred and fifty thousand soldiers, five hundred and forty cannons      and one hundred and seventy standards. He returnded to France and started to form an idea of how to take over England . After two months of planning he decided the Navy was not strong      enough to take on the Royal Navy. Napoleon Bonaparte had decided to      invade Egypt . Napoleons Rises to Control of France The Egypt Campaign  Napoleon decided to invade Egypt in May, 1798. His goal was to sieze Egypt and destroy Britian’s trade with India . Napoleon brought along a team of one hundred and sixty seven scientists      to study and learn about Egyptian history and culture. Napoleon got      to Malta on June 9, 1798. The Prussian Naval Base Commander, Ferdinand      von Hompesch zu Bolheim, surrendered a very important naval base to      Napoleon. Napoleon only lost three men. Napoleon was pursued by the      British Royal Navy. He eluded capture and landed at Alexandria on      July 1, 1798. The French launched the Battle of the Pyramids a week      after landing but Napoleon’s forces were out numbered three      to one. He did end up winning the battle and suffered only a loss      of three hundred French troops; but his army had killed six thousand      Egyptian troops! Horatio Nelson Horatio Nelson, the Britsh Admiral, launched an attack on Napoleon’s      fleet on August 1st, 1799 and destroyed all but two of      the French ships. Napoleon’s Navy was ruined. His strength in


Bio of Christian Science Founder Mary Baker Eddy Christianity Expert By Jack Zavada Mary Baker Eddy overcame the obstacles of her time to found Christian Science , a religion which is practiced throughout the world today.  In an era when women were treated as second class citizens, Mary Baker Eddy broke through social and financial barriers, never retreating from her convictions and her faith in the Bible. Mary Baker Eddy’s Influences Mary Baker Eddy was born in 1821, the youngest of six children.  Her parents, Mark and Abigail Baker, farmed in Bow, New Hampshire.  Throughout her childhood, Mary often missed school because of illness.  As an adolescent, she refuted the Calvinist doctrine of predestination taught in their Congregational home, seeking guidance from the Bible. She married George Washington Glover, a building contractor, in December 1843.  He died seven months later.  That fall, Mary gave birth to their son, George, and moved back to her parents’ home.  Her mother, Abigail Baker, died in 1849.  Still suffering from frequent illness and without her mother’s help, Mary gave young George up for adoption by the family’s former nurse and the nurse’s husband. Mary Baker Glover married an itinerant dentist named Daniel Patterson in 1853.  She divorced him in 1873 on grounds of desertion, after he had walked out on her many years earlier. All the while, she had no relief from illness.  In 1862, she turned to Phineas Quimby , a famous healer in Portland, Maine.  Initially she got better, under Quimby’s hypnotherapy and acupressure treatments.  Suffering a relapse, she went back.  She believed Phineas Quimby had found the key to Jesus’ healing methods, but after talking with the man for hours, she decided that Quimby’s success lay chiefly in his charismatic personality. Then in the winter of 1866, Mary Patterson fell on an icy sidewalk and severely injured her spine.  Bedridden, she turned to her Bible, and while reading an account of Jesus healing a paralytic, she said she experienced a miraculous healing.  She later claimed that was when she discovered Christian Science . Discovering Christian Science Over the next nine years, Mary Patterson immersed herself in the Bible.  She also taught, healed, and wrote during that time.  In 1875 she published her definitive text, Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures. Two years later, during the course of her teaching ministry, she married one of her students, Asa Gilbert Eddy. Mary Baker Eddy’s repeated attempts to get established churches to accept her concepts of healing met only with rejection.  Finally, in 1879, frustrated and disappointed, she formed her own church in Boston, Massachusetts:  the Church of Christ, Scientist. To formalize instruction, Mary Baker Eddy founded Massachusetts Metaphysical College in 1881.  The next year, her husband Asa died.  By 1889, she closed the college to embark on a major revision of Science and Health.  An elaborate building housing the Mother Church of Christ, Scientist, was dedicated in Boston in 1894. Mary Baker Eddy's Religious Legacy Above all, Mary Baker Eddy was a prolific writer.  In addition to Science and Health, she also published a 100-page Church Manual, which is used to this day as a guide in establishing and operating Christian Science churches.  She wrote countless tracts, essays, and pamphlets, which are released through the Christian Science Publishing Company. The most famous of her publications, The Christian Science Monitor, first came out when Eddy was 87 years old.  Since that time, the newspaper has collected seven Pulitzer Prizes . Mary Baker Eddy died December 3, 1910 and was buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Today, the religion she founded has more than 1,700 churches and branches in 80 countries.


What is the name for a large gathering of boy scouts?

Boy Scouts Boy Scouts What Is Boy Scouting? Purpose of the BSA The Boy Scouts of America was incorporated to provide a program for community organizations that offers effective character, citizenship, and personal fitness training for youth. Specifically, the BSA endeavors to develop American citizens who are physically, mentally, and emotionally fit; have a high degree of self-reliance as evidenced in such qualities as initiative, courage, and resourcefulness; have personal values based on religious concepts; have the desire and skills to help others; understand the principles of the American social, economic, and governmental systems; are knowledgeable about and take pride in their American heritage and understand our nation`s role in the world; have a keen respect for the basic rights of all people; and are prepared to participate in and give leadership to American society. Boy Scout Program Membership Boy Scouting, one of the traditional membership divisions of the BSA, is available to boys who have earned the Arrow of Light Award or have completed the fifth grade, or who are 11 through 17 years old. The program achieves the BSA`s objectives of developing character, citizenship, and personal fitness qualities among youth by focusing on a vigorous program of outdoor activities. Volunteer Scouters Thousands of volunteer leaders, both men and women, are involved in the Boy Scouting program. They serve in a variety of jobs` everything from unit leaders to chairmen of troop committees, committee members, merit badge counselors, and chartered organization representatives. Like other phases of the program, Boy Scouting is made available to community organizations having similar interests and goals. Chartered organizations include professional organizations; governmental bodies; and religious, educational, civic, fraternal, business, labor, and citizens` groups. Each organization appoints one of its members as the chartered organization representative. The organization is responsible for leadership, the meeting place, and support for troop activities. Who Pays for It? Several groups are responsible for supporting Boy Scouting: the boy and his parents, the troop, the chartered organization, and the community. Boys are encouraged to earn money whenever possible to pay their own expenses, and they also contribute dues to their troop treasuries to pay for budgeted items. Troops obtain additional income by working on approved money-earning projects. The community, including parents, supports Scouting through the United Way, Friends of Scouting campaigns, bequests, and special contributions to the BSA local council. This income provides leadership training, outdoor programs, council service centers and other facilities, and professional service for units. Aims and Methods of the Scouting Program The Scouting program has three specific objectives, commonly referred to as the "Aims of Scouting." They are character development, citizenship training, and personal fitness. The methods by which the aims are achieved are listed below in random order to emphasize the equal importance of each. Ideals The ideals of Boy Scouting are spelled out in the Scout Oath, the Scout Law, the Scout motto, and the Scout slogan. The Boy Scout measures himself against these ideals and continually tries to improve. The goals are high, and as he reaches for them, he has some control over what and who he becomes. Patrols The patrol method gives Boy Scouts an experience in group living and participating citizenship. It places responsibility on young shoulders and teaches boys how to accept it. The patrol method allows Scouts to interact in small groups where members can easily relate to each other. These small groups determine troop activities through elected representatives. Outdoor Programs Boy Scouting is designed to take place outdoors. It is in the outdoor setting that Scouts share responsibilities and learn to live with one another. In the outdoors the skills and activities practiced at troop meetings come alive with purpose. Being close to nature helps


Ex-US Secretary of State Condoleeza Rice plays which musical instrument?

Condoleezza Rice on Piano - The New York Times The New York Times Music |Condoleezza Rice on Piano Search Continue reading the main story WASHINGTON - TWO weeks ago on Sunday, Condoleezza Rice got up at 4 a.m. so she could fit in her daily exercise regimen -- weights and the treadmill -- and still have time to prepare for interviews on three morning news programs. Just a few hours later, on "Meet the Press," Tim Russert confronted her with recent reports that shortly after the invasion of Iraq, the Russians had given intelligence on American troop movements to the Iraqis. Even on the normally sympathetic "Fox News Sunday," Chris Wallace asked her why Americans should not be outraged that United States troops continue to fight and die while Iraqi politicians haggle over jobs. Toward the end of the program, questions about her future plans predictably arose. Just as predictably, she stated that despite urgings from highly placed Republicans, thank you, no, she would not pursue the presidency. For most people, let alone a secretary of state grappling with an increasingly unpopular war, this would have been enough exertion for the traditional day of rest. But late that afternoon, Ms. Rice was back home in her comfortable apartment in the Watergate complex for one of her frequent sessions of chamber music with four friends, lawyers by profession and dedicated amateur string players. Continue reading the main story Ms. Rice is an accomplished pianist. At 15 she performed Mozart's Piano Concerto in D minor with the Denver Symphony Orchestra, her prize for winning a student competition. Until college she intended to pursue music professionally. Now 51, she plays as often as every other week with this group, which convened three years ago. Until now it was a realm of her very public life that she kept private. Advertisement Continue reading the main story People often ask her, Ms. Rice said that day, whether playing chamber music is relaxing. "It's not exactly relaxing if you are struggling to play Brahms," she explained. "But it is transporting. When you're playing there is only room for Brahms or Shostakovich. It's the time I'm most away from myself, and I treasure it." She is not the only secretary of state to pursue amateur music-making. Thomas Jefferson, the first to hold the office, was an excellent violinist who played chamber music, especially Baroque trio sonatas, throughout his political career. But back then, playing music at home was commonplace. Not so today, in the era of recording technology, when you can hear almost any piece from the entire history of music by switching on an iPod. The trade-off is that so few people know the personal joy of making music. Whatever else she is to political supporters and opponents, Ms. Rice may be the most prominent amateur musician in the world right now, which is big news for classical music. THE amateurs in Ms. Rice's ensemble do have some professional credentials. Two of the players had successful musical careers before switching to law. Soye Kim, the first violinist, who has two degrees from the Juilliard School, spent busy years studying in Europe and freelancing in New York before she entered law school at 39. Robert Battey was a professor of cello at the University of Missouri for 12 years, and still sometimes coaches. Though Lawrence Wallace, the violist, now retired, is a former law school professor who served as a deputy solicitor general under eight presidents, he used to moonlight as a musician. Joshua Klein, the second violinist and the youngest member of the ensemble, who clerked for Justice Sandra Day O'Connor last term, studied violin seriously during college and law school. "I don't make money playing the piano," Ms. Rice said, with the pride of a honorable amateur. "No," Mr. Battey replied, "though you have gotten some pretty nice dinners out of it." He was referring to a concert the group played two years ago at the British Embassy for an audience of 100. After the performance, which lasted just over an hour, the British ambassador presented an elegant dinner.


Who was an American-born Greek soprano opera singer who had a public love affair with Aristotle Onassis?

Maria Callas: Five great rumors on the soprano's 90th birthday - latimes Maria Callas: Five great rumors on the soprano's 90th birthday December 02, 2013 |By David Ng Soprano Maria Callas. (Istituto Italiano di Cultura ) Hard as it is to believe that an opera singer can make gossip headlines, Maria Callas was, in her prime, a media phenomenon whose personal life was fodder for journalists and chroniclers of high society.  A symbol of jet-set elegance, Callas was a temperamental celebrity who had a fiery love life. Her diva-hood  on and off the stage was legendary. The American-born Greek soprano would have been 90 on Monday, a fact marked by a Google tribute. Callas was born in New York in 1923 to Greek immigrant parents. She made an early impression as a child singer and pursued her training when her family returned to Greece. Her professional career officially began in 1941 and she was soon performing in major houses in Europe and the U.S. PHOTOS: Arts and culture in pictures by The Times Though her bel canto voice is considered as one of the most dynamic in operatic history, Callas' stormy personal life often eclipsed her professional one. She clashed with opera companies, fellow singers and numerous lovers. She died in 1977 in Paris at age 53 following a heart attack. Her career had been in decline long before then, but her persona remained as entrenched in the public mind as ever. In the decades since her death, rumors continue to persist about Callas' colorful career and personal life. Here are five of the most famous anecdotes, their veracity never confirmed nor completely discounted.  (1) Callas once swallowed a tapeworm to lose weight. A rotund child who battled the bulge well into adulthood, Callas was deeply insecure about her weight -- at one point, the 5-foot-8 singer was believed to have weighed more than 200 pounds. Urban legend has it that the soprano ingested a live tapeworm in an attempt to shed fat. Another rumor has her experimenting with a special kind of pasta. Callas rejected the gossip, claiming that she lost weight naturally. (2) She bore a son with Aristotle Onassis, but the child died soon after birth. Though she is believed to have been infertile, Callas was rumored to have had a love child with Onassis, the shipping tycoon and a Greek compatriot. The son was born in 1960, the rumor has it, and died hours later. Other rumors state that she had at least one abortion while she was with Onassis. Her relationship with the multimillionaire was stormy, as he is believed to have been compulsively unfaithful. PHOTOS: Celebrities by The Times (3) Callas continued her affair with Onassis during his marriage to Jacqueline Kennedy. Onassis left Callas to marry the widowed Jacqueline Kennedy in 1968. But it was widely believed that Callas continued her liaison with Onassis well into his marriage with the former first lady. "Greek Fire," Nicholas Gage's 2000 book about their love affair, portrays Onassis banging on Callas' door, begging to be let back in. (4) Richard Burton rejected her entreaties to costar in "Medea." Callas' one foray into the movies came in a 1969 big-screen adaptation of "Medea," directed by Italian provocateur Pier Paolo Pasolini. The singer wanted Burton to portray Jason, her lover in the tragic story. But the Welsh actor, who was then involved with Elizabeth Taylor, is believed to have rejected the offer. In the actor's published diaries, he wrote that Callas came calling once and "and since I was in a reading mood she was not welcome." (5) Callas insulted her biggest operatic rival by comparing her to Coca-Cola. Among Callas' many rivals was Renata Tebaldi, the Italian soprano. The women's mutual hatred was widely reported in the media, with the two exchanging insults and barbed criticisms. One account has Callas saying that comparing Tebaldi's voice to hers was like "comparing Champagne with cognac. No, with Coca-Cola." Some accounts have downplayed the rivalry, claiming that Callas had profound respect for Tebaldi's vocal talent. ALSO:


Which country has 6 time zones called Pacific, Mountain, Central, Eastern, Atlantic and Newfoundland?

Canada’s Time Zones Canada’s Time Zones timeanddate.com provides brief information about Canada’s time zones. Canada’s Time Zones The table below shows the time zones in Canada: Standard Time Zones Newfoundland Standard Time ( NST ) = UTC-3:30. Newfoundland Daylight Time ( NDT ) = UTC-2:30. Atlantic Standard Time ( AST ) = UTC-4. Atlantic Daylight Time ( ADT ) = UTC-3. Eastern Standard Time ( EST ) = UTC-5. Eastern Daylight Time ( EDT ) = UTC-4. Central Standard Time ( CST ) = UTC-6. Central Daylight Time ( CDT ) = UTC-5. Mountain Standard Time ( MST ) = UTC-7. Mountain Daylight Time ( MDT ) = UTC-6. Pacific Standard Time ( PST ) = UTC -8. Pacific Daylight Time ( PDT ) = UTC-7. timeanddate.com has a full list of time zones for North America . Canada has six time zones, which its provincial and territorial governments regulate. Provincial and territorial governments are also responsible for DST. Exceptions may exist in certain municipalities. There are a few exceptions to daylight saving time in Canada: some areas of Québec, east of 63 degrees west longitude, remain on Atlantic Standard Time ( AST ) all year round; most of Saskatchewan uses Central Standard Time ( CST ) all year round; and Southampton Island remains on Eastern Standard Time ( EST ) all year long. Starting in 2007, clocks following the new North American standard for Daylight Saving Time are to be turned forward by one hour on the second Sunday of March and turned back on the first Sunday of November. These boundaries and changeover dates have serial number 05, broadcast in computer readable form on short wave station CHU along with Canada's official time reference UTC (NRC): Coordinated Universal Time, the modern implementation of Greenwich Time (National Research Council Canada). The Newfoundland Standard Time ( NST ) zone, UTC-3:30, is a unique time zone that exists because of the island’s location and the fact that it was a separate dominion when the time zones were established. The island of Newfoundland lies squarely in the eastern half of the Atlantic Standard Time ( AST ) zone. The island is exactly three and a half hours from Greenwich and, as a separate dominion, it had the ability to adopt its own time zone.


"Which play and film was adapted from a story by Christopher Isherwood and later adapted as the musical and film ""Cabaret""?"

Cabaret Cabaret Saturday February, 4 2017 at 01:30 AM Films in BOLD will Air on TCM *  |   VIEW TCMDb ENTRY After a box-office disaster with his film version of Sweet Charity in 1969, Bob Fosse bounced back with Cabaret in 1972, a year that would make him the most honored director in show business. And he wasn't the only winner in this case, as the film also brought Liza Minnelli her first chance to sing on screen and an Oscar for Best Actress. With Academy Awards for Best Supporting Actor (Joel Grey), Cinematography, Art Direction, Sound, Adapted Score, and Editing, it holds the record for most Oscars earned by a film not honored as Best Picture. Cabaret was the first property to travel from book to dramatic play to dramatic film to stage musical to screen musical (Auntie Mame would match that path a few years later). It had started as Christopher Isherwood's short story "Sally Bowles," about an amoral singer living in Berlin during the 1930s, and was later included in his collection, The Berlin Stories. "Sally Bowles" and another story about a gigolo who admits he's Jewish to win the heart of an heiress provided the basis for John Van Druten's I Am a Camera, a 1951 stage play starring Julie Harris as Bowles, which was adapted for the screen in 1955. Then, in 1966, Harold Prince scored a hit with Cabaret, a musical version featuring a different subplot (about a gentile landlady in love with a Jewish grocer) and a new character called the M.C. that made Joel Grey a star. A film version of Cabaret was inevitable, but it was held up for years when the first deal, with Cinerama, Inc., for an unprecedented $2.1 million, fell through. At the time, off-screen companions Warren Beatty and Julie Christie were considered for the leading roles. When ABC Pictures and Allied Artists finally picked up the rights for $1.5 million, Broadway producer Cy Feuer signed on to produce the picture, with Bob Fosse directing and a budget of less than $5 million. Playwrights Jay Presson Allen and Hugh Wheeler went back to the original stories to restore the subplot about the gigolo and the Jewish heiress. They also drew on original author Christopher Isherwood's openness about his homosexuality to make the leading male character, a writer modeled on him, a bisexual who shares his bed and a male lover with Sally. Fosse decided to increase the focus on the Kit Kat Club, where Sally performs, as a metaphor for the decadence of Germany in the 1930s by eliminating all but one of the musical numbers performed outside the club. The only remaining outside number is "Tomorrow Belongs to Me," a folk song rendered spontaneously by patrons at an open-air cafe in one of the film's most chilling scenes. In addition, the show's original songwriters, John Kander and Fred Ebb, wrote three new songs, "Mein Herr," "Money," and "Maybe This Time." The new songs were all performed by the film's leading lady, Liza Minnelli ("Money" also featured Grey). Ironically, she had auditioned to play Sally in the original Broadway production. Some involved with the show say she was too inexperienced at the time (though she had already won Broadway's Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical). Others have suggested she was too big a presence for the role as written on Broadway. By the time Cabaret reached the screen, however, Minnelli was a major film star, having won an Oscar nomination as the emotionally damaged college student in The Sterile Cuckoo (1969). Cabaret opened to glowing reviews and strong box office, eventually taking in more than $20 million. In addition to its eight Oscars, it won Best Picture citations from the National Board of Review and the Hollywood Foreign Press and took Best Supporting Actor honors for Grey from the National Board of Review, the Hollywood Foreign Press, and the National Society of Film Critics. But the biggest winner was Fosse. Shortly before the Academy Awards, he won two Tonys for directing and choreographing Pippin, his biggest stage hit to date. When months later he won Emmys for directing and choreographing Liza Minnelli's television


What causes a screeching sound when a live microphone is put too close to a speaker?

What causes that howling sound in PA systems? | HowStuffWorks What causes that howling sound in PA systems? NEXT PAGENEXT   A simple PA (public address) system consists of a microphone , an amplifier and one or more speakers . Whenever you have those three components, you have the potential for feedback. Feedback occurs when the sound from the speakers makes it back into the microphone and is re-amplified and sent through the speakers again, like this: Imagine, for example, that you place the microphone in front of the speaker as shown. Now you tap on the microphone. The sound of the tap goes through the amplifier, comes out the speaker, re-enters the microphone, etc. This loop happens so quickly that it creates its own frequency, which we hear as a howling sound. The distance between the mike and the speakers has a lot to do with the frequency of the howling, because that distance controls how quickly the sound can loop through the system. Up Next Are premium audio cables worth the investment? You can actually try this out on your computer if your computer has speakers and a microphone. In Windows, you need to enable the microphone and speakers using the volume control (which you can access by double clicking on the speaker icon in the system tray). Make sure that in this dialog the microphone and speakers are not muted and are at maximum volume (if the microphone control is not visible, select it in Properties). If you have it set up right, you should be able to tap the microphone and hear it in the speakers. Now place the microphone near the speakers and turn up the speaker volume until you hear the feedback. Try changing the distance between the mike and speakers and see what effect that has on things. Be sure not to try this at 2 a.m. when other family members are sleeping, and also be sure to put the dog out... If you are setting up a sound system and want to avoid feedback, there are a few general rules that can help you avoid the problem: Make sure the speakers are in front of the microphone and pointing away from the microphone. If the speakers are behind the microphone, then feedback is nearly guaranteed. Use a unidirectional microphone. Place the microphone close to the person who is speaking/performing. If you have access to an equalizer, dampen the frequencies where feedback is occurring. These links will help you learn more:


Which ancient country to the south west of the Caspian Sea had rulers called Deioces, Phraortes, Cyaxares and Astyages?

Bible Chronology Timeline - Ancient World From 586 To 400 B.C. Bible Chronology Timeline Chronologies of the Mysteries of God Genesis 5:1 “This is the book of the generations of Adam. In the day that God created man, in the likeness of God made he him”   Copyright notice This page and its content is copyright © 2012. All rights reserved Any redistribution or reproduction of part or all of the contents in any form is prohibited other than the following: You may print or download to a local hard disk extracts for your personal use only. You may not distribute or commercially use the content on any other website or other form of electronic retrieval system. The Ancient World From 586 to 400 B.C. I. Introduction Setting of This Period.—This article deals with the period of the Exile and Restoration of the Jews, at the time of two world powers, one succeeding the other—the Neo-Babylonian and Persian empires. This period begins with the destruction of the kingdom of Judah and its capital city, Jerusalem, by the brutal war machine of Nebuchadnezzar. After this catastrophe we find the Jews in captivity in the Mesopotamian valley watching the signs which heralded the political weakening of their oppressors, and the rising of new powers in the east—the Medes first and the Persians a little later. When Nebuchadnezzar, the strong man of Babylon, died, three ephemeral rulers successively occupied his throne. This evidence of weakness was apparent to the watchful Jews, as was possibly also, during the next decade, the report of a new star on the horizon—Cyrus of Persia, whom Isaiah had described as their future liberator. How their hearts must have beat fast when reports of Cyrus’ incredible successes reached them, the fall of Media and Ecbatana, then of Lydia with its impregnable capital, Sardis. Finally they saw the strong new nation of the east put an end to the weak Babylonian Empire. Cyrus, the new emperor, was a largehearted, humane monarch who fulfilled the Jewish expectations and prophecies in all details. He permitted the return of the Jews and the restoration of their Temple and its service. Arriving in their old homeland, the returned captives had to struggle against numerous odds, especially against the hostile attitude and activities of their neighbors. The rebuilding of the Temple was accomplished under great difficulties in approximately twenty years. After a series of crises—of which that described in Esther was the most serious—a semi-independent status within the Persian Empire was finally obtained in the time of Artaxerxes I, who sent Ezra to Judea with extraordinary powers, in 457 B.C. Ezra’s work was hindered by the national enemies, but was finally brought to a successful completion by the strong leadership of Nehemiah. With the description of his work our Biblical sources become silent and the Intertestamental Period sets in. Purpose of Article.—The purpose of this article is to give the history of the small Jewish nation against the historical background of its time. The history of the people of God cannot rightly be understood if one studies it as an isolated unit. The events are usually described but briefly in the Bible, and can fully be understood only if studied in the light of archeological and historical evidence. The source material for this period of less than two centuries is very rich for some sections and extremely poor for others. The Bible is almost silent about any events lying between the destruction of Jerusalem in 586 B.C. and the return of the Jews about 50 years later. Even the historical books which inform us about the restoration of the nation (Ezra and Nehemiah) leave large gaps uncovered in their narratives. This is also true of our extra-Biblical source material. It is very limited during the time of the Babylonian Empire, as well as during certain periods of the time of the Persians. Furthermore, this material is of great variety and differs in reliability. Official Babylonian and Persian documents are scarce. Our most voluminous sources, the Greek histories, are tainted with hatred ag


In both Greek and Roman mythology, who was the twin of Castor?

Castor and Pollux Castor and Pollux Dioscuri (Pollux or Castor), Rome, Capitol Dioscuri (Castor or Pollux), Rome, Capitol In Greek and Roman mythology , Castor [1] and Pollux, [2] or Kastor and Polydeuces, [3] were twin brothers, together known as the Dioscuri or Dioskouroi. [4] Their mother was Leda , but they had different fathers; Castor was the mortal son of Tyndareus , the king of Sparta, while Pollux was the divine son of Zeus , who seduced Leda in the guise of a swan. Though accounts of their birth are varied, they are sometimes said to have been born from an egg, along with their twin sisters or half-sisters Helen of Troy and Clytemnestra . In Latin the twins are also known as the Gemini [5] or Castores. [6] When Castor was killed, Pollux asked Zeus to let him share his own immortality with his twin to keep them together, and they were transformed into the constellation Gemini . The pair were regarded as the patrons of sailors, to whom they appeared as St. Elmo’s fire , and were also associated with horsemanship. They are sometimes called the Tyndaridae or Tyndarids, [7] later seen as a reference to their father and stepfather Tyndareus . Contents 13 External links Birth and functions Castor depicted on a calyx krater of c. 460–450 BC, holding a horse’s reins and spears and wearing a pilos -style helmet The best-known story of the twins’ birth is that Zeus disguised himself as a swan and seduced Leda . Thus Leda’s children are frequently said to have hatched from two eggs that she then produced. The Dioscuri can be recognized in vase-paintings by the skull-cap they wear, the pilos , which was explained in antiquity as the remnants of the egg. Whether the children are thus mortal or half-immortal is not consistent among accounts, nor is whether the twins hatched together from one egg. In some accounts, only Pollux was fathered by Zeus, while Leda and her husband Tyndareus conceived Castor. This explains why they were granted an alternate immortality. It is a common belief that one would live among the gods, while the other was among the dead. The figure of Tyndareus may have entered their tradition to explain their archaic name Tindaridai in Spartan inscriptions or in literature Tyndaridai, [8] in turn occasioning incompatible accounts of their parentage. Castor and Pollux are sometimes both mortal, sometimes both divine. One consistent point is that if only one of them is immortal, it is Pollux. In Homer’s Iliad , Helen looks down from the walls of Troy and wonders why she does not see her brothers among the Achaeans. The narrator remarks that they are both already dead and buried back in their homeland of Lacedaemon, thus suggesting that at least in some early traditions, both were mortal. Their death and shared immortality offered by Zeus was material of the lost Cypria in the Epic cycle . The Dioscuri were regarded as helpers of humankind and held to be patrons of travellers and of sailors in particular, who invoked them to seek favourable winds. [9] Their role as horsemen and boxers also led to them being regarded as the patrons of athletes and athletic contests. [10] They characteristically intervened at the moment of crisis, aiding those who honoured or trusted them. [11] Classical sources Pair of Roman statuettes (3rd century AD) depicting the Dioscuri as horsemen, with their characteristic skullcaps ( Metropolitan Museum of Art ) Ancient Greek authors tell a number of versions of the story of Castor and Pollux. Homer portrays them initially as ordinary mortals, treating them as dead in the Iliad (“…there are two commanders I do not see,/Castor the horse breaker and the boxer/Polydeuces, my brothers…”— Helen , Iliad 3.253-255 ), but in the Odyssey they are treated as alive even though “the corn-bearing earth holds them.” The author describes them as “having honour equal to gods,” living on alternate days due to the intervention of Zeus. In both the Odyssey and in Hesiod , they are described as the sons of Tyndareus and Leda. In Pindar , Pollux is the son of Zeus while Castor is the son of the mortal Tyndar


Who is the mother of actors Oliver and Kate Hudson?

Kate Hudson - Biography - IMDb Kate Hudson Biography Showing all 84 items Jump to: Overview  (4) | Mini Bio  (1) | Spouse  (1) | Trade Mark  (1) | Trivia  (56) | Personal Quotes  (13) | Salary  (8) Overview (4) 5' 6" (1.68 m) Mini Bio (1) Almost everyone who has spent time with Kate Hudson -including directors, family members, co-stars and interviewers - is quick to comment on her ability to light up a room. Through some combination of a winning smile, solid work ethic, and good old-fashioned talent, the young actress has gone from indie beginner to Vanity Fair cover girl in just three years. What's more, she's done it all without capitalizing on the success of legendary actress mom, Goldie Hawn . Kate Hudson was born in Los Angeles, California, to Goldie Hawn and Bill Hudson , a comedian, actor and musician. She was raised by her mother and her mother's partner, actor Kurt Russell , whom she considers to be her father. Kate is the sister of actor Oliver Hudson , the half-sister of actor and hockey player Wyatt Russell , and the granddaughter of band musician Rut Hawn . Kate is of Hungarian Jewish (from her maternal grandmother), Italian (from her paternal grandmother), English, and German ancestry. By all accounts, Hudson was a born performer - as a child she danced and sang at every opportunity. Her family hoped that she would attend New York University after graduating from high school, but she opted to get her feet wet in the professional acting world first. She made her big-screen debut as an ambitious young starlet stranded in a tiny California town in Desert Blue (1998). Her next two films, while critically panned, made it into wider release: 200 Cigarettes (1999) (in which she played an earnest but accident-prone ditz) and Gossip (2000) (which cast her as a rich, virginal college student). Perhaps Hudson's biggest break was landing the role of rock groupie (or "Band Aide") Penny Lane in Almost Famous (2000). The part was originally intended for Sarah Polley ; when Polley backed out to pursue another project, director Cameron Crowe considered scrapping the film altogether. Hudson, who had been cast in a smaller role (as William's stewardess sister), begged for a chance to read for Penny. Crowe was impressed, Hudson got the part, and the show went on. As much as Tinseltown gossipmongers would like to put them at odds, mother and daughter agree that Hawn is one of Hudson's biggest supporters. - IMDb Mini Biography By: IMDb Editors Spouse (1) Charismatic energy Trivia (56) Daughter of Bill Hudson and Goldie Hawn , but she was raised by Goldie's longtime partner, Kurt Russell , whom she considers and treats as her biological father. Named one of the '50 Most Beautiful People in the World' by People Magazine. (2000) Turned down the part of Peter Parker's girlfriend Mary Jane Watson in Spider-Man (2002) for the role of Ethne Eustace in The Four Feathers (2002). Once said that as children, her brother Oliver used to torment her by nicknaming her "Hammerhead" (as in hammerhead shark). Graduated from Crossroads, a Santa Monica performing arts school, in 1997. Started production company Cosmic Entertainment in 2003 with Goldie Hawn , Kurt Russell and her brother. Ranked #99 in Premiere's 2003 annual Power 100 List. It is her first appearance on the list and she was the youngest person on it that year at the age of 24. Enjoys playing guitar, writing music, and arts & crafts Younger sister of Oliver Hudson (born 1976), and a half-sister of Emily Hudson (born 1982) and Wyatt Russell and Zachary Hudson (both born 1986). Niece of Patti Hawn , Brett Hudson and Mark Hudson who, along with her father, Bill Hudson , were part of the rock group, The Hudson Brothers . Her son Ryder's middle name, Russell, is an homage to her mother Goldie Hawn 's longtime partner Kurt Russell , whom Kate always considered to be her father. When she was 11, her mother relented and got her an audition for a lead role in a never-produced television show with Howie Mandel . Hudson won the part - but Hawn didn't tell her, turned it down, and kept the secre


Leopold of Saxe-Coburg was invited to be the first king of what country in 1831 after it gained independence from the Dutch?

Belgium's independence (1830 - present time) | Belgium.be Belgium's independence (1830 - present time)   Revolution and independence At the Congress of Vienna, in 1815, Belgium (The Southern Netherlands) and the Northern Netherlands (Holland) were united to form one State. This new state was ruled by King William I. Although his policy was beneficial to the Belgian bourgeoisie, there was protest. The Catholics objected against the interference of the protestant king in clerical matters. The Liberals demanded more freedom. In 1828 Catholics and Liberals drew up a concerted programme of demands. The association between Catholics and Liberals was called unionism. After a series of incidents, the revolution erupted in Brussels in 1830. William I sent in his troops, but they were expelled on September 27th, 1830. The rebels received support from volunteers outside the city. Following this rising Belgium separated from the Northern Netherlands. A provisional government declared independence on October 4th, 1830. On November 3th of the same year, a National Congress was elected by an electorate of 30,000 men, who paid a given level of taxes or who had special qualifications. On February 7th, 1831 the national congress adopted a constitution which, for its time, was very progressive. 1830 to 1908 A diplomatic conference on the future of Belgium opened in London on the November 4th. The great powers of the time recognised the secession of Belgium from the (Northern) Netherlands. Leopold I of Saxe-Coburg became the first King of the Belgians (1831 - 1865). In 1865 he was succeeded by his son Leopold II (1865 - 1909). Under their reign Belgium became the second most important industrial power. Both kings wanted to secure Belgium's economic independence by promoting colonial expeditions, but they were not successful in this until the end of the 19th century. It was at this time that Leopold II backed expeditions by Henry Stanley to the Congo basin. He entered into agreements with local chiefs which resulted in a confederation of states. At first the Belgian government and parliament had no hand in the king's operations. Since Leopold II had been the first occupant of areas in Central Africa, he held a strong position at the Conference of Berlin in 1884. His demands were met. In 1885 the Belgian parliament agreed that Leopold II should become the head of state of the Congo. In 1908 control of Congo was transferred to the Belgian state. World Wars Although the great powers forced Belgium to remain neutral when it became independent, it couldn't escape World War I. The Belgian army under the command of King Albert I (1909 - 1934) was too small a match for the Germans, it nevertheless could managed to halt the enemy at the river Yser. Belgium suffered greatly during the war. The Yser region was laid waste. The years after the war were very difficult. The international economic crisis affected the country. When Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany, the dangers posed by that country rose again. From 1936 onwards Belgium took a neutral stance, just as it had done before the 1914 - 1918 war, but Germany invaded again on May 10th, 1940. After 18 days king Leopold III (1934 - 1951) decided to capitulate. This decision provoked a rupture with the government. After the war the royal question dominated politics. In 1951 Leopold III abdicated in favour of his son Baudouin I. This king reigned until his death in 1993. On August 9th, 1993 his brother Albert II became the sixth King of the Belgians. A federal state The question of relations between the communities has played a highly important part in recent Belgian history. Following four state reforms Belgium was transformed into a federal state. The political scene is also dominated by economic problems and increased internationalisation. Belgium played an important role in the creation of the Belgian-Luxembourg Economic Union, the Benelux and the European Union. As a member of the United Nations, and in the service of world peace, Belgium often sends its troops on peace missions or sends its ob


Ireland’s five longest rivers and their mythical legends (PHOTOS)  | IrishCentral.com Ireland’s five longest rivers and their mythical legends (PHOTOS) Ali Isaac SHARES / Ireland is a land of many lakes, rivers and mountains, shrouded as much in mythology as its gentle misty climate.Tourism Ireland Ireland is a land of many lakes, rivers and mountains, shrouded as much in mythology as it is in its gentle misty climate . It is a fertile breeding ground for tales of mystical Gods, powerful warriors and the beautiful, enchanting folk of the Sidhe. Our ancient ancestors believed that through water lay the way to the Otherworld. There are many sacred springs scattered around the country, adopted by the Christians but with more ancient, pagan origins. In legend, almost every hill harbors a Sidhe homestead; almost every lough bears a tale of magic and intrigue. Ireland’s rivers are no exception. They have been used since ancient times as a means of transport, a source of food, even boundaries between kingdoms, some of which are still in force today. Ireland’s longest river is the Shannon , Abhainn na Sionainne in Irish. It flows south and west from Co Cavan for 240 miles (386km), touching seventeen of Ireland’s counties and forming three lakes en-route – Lough Allen, Lough Ree and Lough Derg – before finally emptying into the Atlantic Ocean. Its source is said to be a small pool on the slopes of Cuilcagh Mountain in Co Cavan , where I live, known as the Shannon Pot. It is also known as the Legnashinna, or Lag na Sionna in Irish, meaning ‘the hollow of the Shannon.’ The pool is about 50 feet wide, and said to be almost as deep. 7 O'Briensbridge, Co. Clare, on the west bank of the River Shannon Legend has it that one day, Manannán the Sea-God’s grand-daughter, Sionann, came to the well seeking wisdom. The pool was known in those days by the name of Connla’s Well, however, this name has also been attributed to Trinity Well, the source of the River Boyne. Five streams were said to feed from Connla’s Well, so perhaps these drained into the source pools of Ireland’s five greatest rivers. Connla’s Well was surrounded by the Nine Hazel Trees of Knowledge, which were said to fruit, flower and seed all at the same time. The nuts fell into the water and were eaten by Fintan, the Salmon of Knowledge, who also swam in the Boyne and tormented the Druid Finnegas by evading capture until Fionn mac Cumhall came along and ruined all his plans. It is not told whether Sionann intended to eat the nuts or the salmon, but in any case, it was forbidden for anyone but the king to visit the well. The waters rose up in a huge wave and carried the poor girl out to sea, where she drowned. Thus the River Shannon was formed and named after her. The famous monastery of Clonmacnoise in Co Offaly was founded on the banks of the Shannon. In fact, the Vikings used the river to not only raid many inland monasteries in the 10th century, but to fight among themselves, probably over territory and the spoils of war. The Vikings of Limerick were said to have sailed up the Shannon to Lough Ree, where they fought a huge battle with their Dublin kin, and lost. 7 The River Barrow below Ballinaw Castle, Co. Kilkenny The River Barrow, An Bhearú in Irish, is second to the Shannon at 119 miles (192km) long. With the rivers Suir and Nore, it forms the Three Sisters. The Barrow rises at Glenbarrow in the Slieve Bloom Mountains in Co Laois and drains into Waterford Harbour. The point where the Three Sisters meet is called the Cumar na dTrí Uisce in Irish, meaning ‘the confluence of the three waters.’ On the western bank of the Barrow is a small town called Leighlinsbridge. There is a large mound here which is reputed to be the ancient site of the fort of Dinn Rig, the seat of the Kings of Leinster. A great battle was fought here during the 2nd or 3rd century AD. The story goes that Covac of Bregia, Cobthach in Irish, murdered his brother Laoighaire Lorc, King of Leinster, and all his family at Dinn Rig. He spared the young prince Moen, however, because he couldn’t speak and ther


"Which fictional rock band was previously called ""The Originals"", ""The New Originals"", ""The Originals"" again, and the ""The Thamesmen""?"

Spinal-Tap-trailer - YouTube Spinal-Tap-trailer Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Sep 10, 2011 Stylistically the movie is a parody of rock documentaries, purportedly filmed and directed by the fictional Marty DiBergi (Rob Reiner). The faux documentary covers a 1982 United States concert tour for the fictional British rock group "Spinal Tap" to promote their new album Smell the Glove, but interspersed with one-on-one interviews with the members of the group and footage of the group from previous points in their career. The band was started by childhood friends David St. Hubbins (Michael McKean) and Nigel Tufnel (Christopher Guest) during the 1960s. Originally called "The Originals", then "The New Originals" to distinguish themselves from the existing group of the same name, they settled on the name "The Thamesmen", finding success with their skiffle/R&B single, "Gimme Some Money". They changed their name again to "Spinal Tap" and enjoyed limited success with the flower power anthem, "Listen to the Flower People". Ultimately, the band found their long success in heavy metal and produced several albums. The group was eventually joined by bassist Derek Smalls (Harry Shearer), keyboardist Viv Savage (David Kaff), and a series of drummers, each of whom mysteriously die under odd circumstances, including spontaneous human combustion, a "bizarre gardening accident"[3] and, in at least one case, choking to death on the vomit of person(s) unknown ("you can't dust for vomit"); of the death of one of whom the police said "this is a mystery better left unsolved". DiBergi's interviews with St. Hubbins and Tufnel reveal that they are competent composers and musicians, but are dimwitted and immature. Tufnel, in showing his guitar collection to DiBergi, reveals an amplifier that has volume knobs that go to eleven; when DiBergi asks, "Why not just make ten louder and make that the top?" Tufnel can only reply, "These go to eleven." Tufnel later plays a somber quasi-classical composition on piano for DiBergi, claiming it to be a "Mach piece" (a hybrid between Mozart and Bach), before revealing the composition to be entitled "Lick My Love Pump". As the tour starts, concert appearances are repeatedly canceled due to low ticket sales. Tensions continue to increase when several major retailers refuse to sell Smell the Glove because of its sexist cover art and there is growing resentment shown towards the group's manager Ian Faith (Tony Hendra). Tufnel becomes even more perturbed when St. Hubbins' girlfriend Jeanine (June Chadwick) — a manipulative yoga and astrology devotee — joins the group on tour and begins to participate in band meetings and attempts to influence their costumes and stage presentation. The band's label, Polymer Records, opts to release Smell the Glove with an entirely black cover without consulting the band. The album fails to draw crowds to autograph sessions with the band. Category


What motto, coined by Thomas J. Watson while managing the sales and advertising departments at the National Cash Register Company became a motto for IBM?

Did You Know: The Story behind Apple's 'Think Different' Motto Did You Know: The Story behind Apple's 'Think Different' Motto GO A short history of Apple's famous slogan Jun 16, 2008 19:40 GMT  ·  By Filip Truta  ·  Share:  Ever wondered who came up with the "Think Different" motto Apple uses to advertise its products? This is probably going to disappoint you, but it wasn't Apple. No siree, Bob, it was the Los Angeles office of the advertising agency TBWAChiatDay that created it for Apple to use in a famous television commercial, several print advertisements, and a bunch of other TV ads for Apple products. It is believed the slogan may have been a play on IBM's "Think" motto coined by Thomas J. Watson. Thomas J. Watson coined the motto "Think" while managing the sales and advertising departments at the National Cash Register Company. His memorable words were: "Thought has been the father of every advance since time began. 'I didn't think' has cost the world millions of dollars." He brought the motto with him to CTR in 1914. CTR, as some of you may know, later became IBM. Apple's famous "Think Different" commercial sounds a bit like this (the video is just below this piece, in case you want to watch): Here's to the crazy ones. The misfits. The round pegs in the square holes. The ones who see things differently. They're not fond of rules. And they have no respect for the status quo. You can quote them, disagree with them, glorify or vilify them. About the only thing you can't do is ignore them. Because they change things. They push the human race forward. And while some may see them as the crazy ones, We see genius. Because the people who are crazy enough to think they can change the world, Are the ones who do. Needless to say, "Think Different" pretty much sums it all up. Print advertisements from the campaign were published in famous magazines such as Newsweek and Time. At one point, there was another series of print ads that were more focused on brand image than on specific products. These were created as a tribute to the innovating minds that truly changed the world by thinking in ways others never did. They featured a portrait of one of the historic figures shown in the television ad, with a small Apple logo and the words "Think Different" in one corner. The ad featured no reference to the company's products whatsoever. Well, you know Apple - it likes to feign modesty every once in a while. Apple dropped the motto in 2002, when it started advertising its "Apple Switch" campaign. However, Apple began reusing the slogan in Mac OS X Leopard on the high-resolution icon for TextEdit. Apple also had its share of parodies because of the "Think Different" slogan. The most recent one features the voiceover of the original commercial over a list of third-party iPhone applications. This was released after iPhone firmware 1.1.1 update disabled all of the third-party apps folks downloaded and installed on the newly-released device. Sources say the update was meant to show that Apple was being hypocritical about its actions. Think Different


What was the first year that the Show Jumping World Championships were held, in Paris?

Show Jumping | Pets4Homes Show Jumping Show jumping did not start out as a sport but rather a necessity. Read on to learn how this way of life turned into the world class sport it is today. History of Show jumping Show jumping has been around since the 1780s and has had ups and downs, times when its development stood still and times when progress leapt forward. Although cited in a French cavalry manual from 1788 it was really when fields started being fenced in the eighteenth century that jumping become more widespread. People used to ride across country to get to their destination and with the introduction of fences getting from A to B meant jumping became a must. This was jumping over natural obstacles such as banks, ditches and stone walls and was the forerunner to steeplechasing. It took another hundred years before show jumping with manmade fences was first officially registered. One of the first shows to include show jumping in its list of events was the Royal Dublin Society Annual Show in 1865. (This show continues in the present day.) This forward thinking Irish show held competitions for “wide and high leaps”. The following year France and Italy added jumping competitions to their shows, but unlike Dublin, this meant starting in the arena but leaving it to jump in the country. A further nine years saw the French Cavalry School hold “An exhibition of Show Jumping”.  Back in Britain jumping was incorporated into agricultural shows, (where in many cases it still exists today), with the first of these being held in London in 1876. A Master of Foxhounds judged this competition based on skill, so although there were no rules, style won the day. In 1883 in Madison Square Gardens the National Horse Show was introduced, and like Dublin show, this still runs. Around the end of the eighteenth century many shows were held all over Germany and at the Paris Olympic Games in 1900 three show jumping classes were featured; a high jump, a wide jump and prize jumping.  The first International Horse Show was recorded in 1901 in Turin, but this was mainly Italian and German army officers vying with each other for first place, so should perhaps be called a bi-nation show. The first truly International Horse Show was at Olympia in London in 1907, and was not the forerunner to the present day Olympia Show, but indeed to the Royal International Horse Show. The show was run by a board comprised of members from Europe and America with The Earl of Lonsdale as director. There were two categories; the wide jump and the long jump, and prize money was quite good. At the time two Belgian riders Haegemann and Van Langendonck were sweeping the boards nearly everywhere they went and this show was no different. There may seem little strange in this fact, but there is little or no mention of Belgium with regards to show jumping up to this period and how two riders from a country where the sport seems virtually non-existent came to be so good, remains a mystery. While the Paris 1900 Olympics had included jumping it was absent from the 1904 Olympic Games in St. Louis. For that reason in 1906 Count Clarence von Rosen suggested to the International Olympic Committee that equestrian sport should become part of the permanent program. Baron Pierre de Coubertin, founder of the Modern Games, asked for a detailed proposal. When it was presented in 1907 it included dressage, an equestrian pentathlon and something called “Jeu de Rosa”, (apparently a game).  The next games were scheduled to be held in London in 1908 and Britain agreed to include these three disciplines. The committee who ran the International Horse Show were asked to organise this and they accepted on condition they got at least twenty four competitors from six different countries. There were no worries on this score as what they got were eighty eight entries from eight different countries, but something went wrong and these sports were dropped from the program for unknown reasons.  The next Games were in Sweden, Count von Rosen’s own country, so he was able to organise three horse


On the Christian calendar, what name is given to the first Sunday after Easter?

CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Easter Home > Catholic Encyclopedia > E > Easter Easter Help support New Advent and get the full contents of this website as an instant download . Includes the Catholic Encyclopedia, Church Fathers, Summa, Bible and more  all for only $19.99... The English term, according to the Ven. Bede (De temporum ratione, I, v), relates to Estre, a Teutonic goddess of the rising light of day and spring, which deity, however, is otherwise unknown, even in the Edda (Simrock, Mythol., 362); Anglo-Saxon, eâster, eâstron; Old High German, ôstra, ôstrara, ôstrarûn; German, Ostern. April was called easter-monadh. The plural eâstron is used, because the feast lasts seven days. Like the French plural Pâques, it is a translation from the Latin Festa Paschalia, the entire octave of Easter. The Greek term for Easter, pascha, has nothing in common with the verb paschein, "to suffer," although by the later symbolic writers it was connected with it; it is the Aramaic form of the Hebrew pesach (transitus, passover ). The Greeks called Easter the pascha anastasimon; Good Friday the pascha staurosimon. The respective terms used by the Latins are Pascha resurrectionis and Pascha crucifixionis. In the Roman and Monastic Breviaries the feast bears the title Dominica Resurrectionis; in the Mozarabic Breviary , In Lætatione Diei Pasch Resurrectionis; in the Ambrosian Breviary , In Die Sancto Paschæ. The Romance languages have adopted the Hebrew-Greek term: Latin, Pascha; Italian, Pasqua; Spanish, Pascua; French, Pâques. Also some Celtic and Teutonic nations use it: Scottish, Pask; Dutch , Paschen; The correct word in Dutch is actually Pasen Danish , Paaske; Swedish , Pask; even in the German provinces of the Lower Rhine the people call the feast Paisken not Ostern. The word is, principally in Spain and Italy , identified with the word "solemnity" and extended to other feasts, e.g. Sp., Pascua florida, Palm Sunday ; Pascua de Pentecostes, Pentecost; Pascua de la Natividad, Christmas ; Pascua de Epifania, Epiphany. In some parts of France also First Communion is called Pâques, whatever time of the year administered. The feast Easter is the principal feast of the ecclesiastical year. Leo I (Sermo xlvii in Exodum) calls it the greatest feast (festum festorum), and says that Christmas is celebrated only in preparation for Easter. It is the centre of the greater part of the ecclesiastical year. The order of Sundays from Septuagesima to the last Sunday after Pentecost, the feast of the Ascension , Pentecost, Corpus Christi , and all other movable feasts, from that of the Prayer of Jesus in the Garden (Tuesday after Septuagesima ) to the feast of the Sacred Heart (Friday after the octave of Corpus Christi ), depend upon the Easter date. Commemorating the slaying of the true Lamb of God and the Resurrection of Christ , the corner-stone upon which faith is built, it is also the oldest feast of the Christian Church , as old as Christianity , the connecting link between the Old and New Testaments . That the Apostolic Fathers do not mention it and that we first hear of it principally through the controversy of the Quartodecimans are purely accidental. The connection between the Jewish Passover and the Christian feast of Easter is real and ideal. Real, since Christ died on the first Jewish Easter Day; ideal, like the relation between type and reality, because Christ's death and Resurrection had its figures and types in the Old Law , particularly in the paschal lamb , which was eaten towards evening of the 14th of Nisan. In fact, the Jewish feast was taken over into the Christian Easter celebration; the liturgy (Exsultet) sings of the passing of Israel through the Red Sea , the paschal lamb , the column of fire, etc. Apart, however, from the Jewish feast, the Christians would have celebrated the anniversary of the death and the Resurrection of Christ . But for such a feast it was necessary to know the exact calendar date of Christ's death . To know this day was very simple for the Jews ; it was the day after the 14th of the first month, the 15th


Nelson's Column, London Nelson's Column 5 24 votes In the center of Trafalgar Square stands London's most famous monument: Nelson's Column. The monument was built in 1843 as a tribute to Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson, who defeated the French fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. Nelson's Column Nelson was fatally wounded during that famous battle off the Spanish coast. His body was transported back to London and buried in the St. Paul's Cathedral . Background In the 1830s plans for Trafalgar Square , an expansive public square in the heart of the city, started to take shape. In 1838 a committee organized a competition for the design of the crowning piece of the square, a large monument dedicated to Admiral Nelson. A total of 124 entries were submitted, with designs ranging from temples and ship's prows to monumental statues. The winning entry was submitted by William Railton, an English architect who up till then was best known for his churches and residential houses. Railton's proposal called for a 52 meter (170 ft) tall monument consisting of a soaring Corinthian column topped with a large statue of Horatio Nelson and guarded by four massive lions. The monument's design was very popular despite concerns about the visibility of a statue at such a height. The Monument Construction of the monument started in 1841 and was completed in 1843 when the sandstone statue of Nelson was placed on top of the column. The Column Nelson's statue The column itself, constructed of granite from Dartmoor, is about 46 meters in height. The statue of Nelson measures 5.5 meters tall, about three times life-size. The statue rests on an elaborate Corinthian capital which, the story goes, was made from the bronze guns of the Royal George, a large warship that sunk in 1782 while anchored off Portsmouth. The Statue The statue is carved from sandstone by Edward Hodges Baily, an English sculptor who had taken part in the competition for the monument. His proposal, a large statue of the admiral, ended up in second place. His design was then chosen for the statue that was to be placed on top of Railton's column. The Reliefs The death of Nelson The four bronze bas-relief panels on the sides of the base were added in 1849-1852. They were cast from melted-down guns captured from the French. They glorify Nelson's naval victories. The panel facing south shows a dying Nelson aboard his ship the HMS Victory during the Battle of Trafalgar. The other reliefs show scenes from the Battle of the Nile, the Battle of Cape St. Vincent and the Battle of Copenhagen. Each relief was created by a different artist. The Lions Landseer lion The four colossal lions at the foot of the monument were added even later. They were created by Edwin Landseer, an English artist who was specialized in the painting of animals. Landseer started working on the sculptures in 1862 and they were unveiled five years later, in 1867. It is said that he used a lion corpse provided by the London Zoo as a model for his sculptures.


Who discovered the moons of Saturn called Rhea, Iapetus, Dione and Tethys, between 1671 and 1684?

Iapetus, moon of Saturn - The Solar System on Sea and Sky Cassini close-up view of the dark colored side of Iapetus (NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute) Son of Uranus Iapetus [eye-AP-i-tus] is the seventeenth of Saturn's moons and the third largest. It was named after a Greek Titan who was the son of Uranus and the father of Prometheus and Atlas. He was also an ancestor of the human race. According to legend, Iapetus was later imprisoned by Zeus in Tartarus after the rebellion of the Titans against the gods. Iapetus was discovered by Giovanni Cassini in 1671. Most of what we now know this moon came from the Voyager missions. Cassini close-up showing bright terrain coated with dark material (NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute) Cassini image with dark material splattered on light terrain (NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute) A Moon of Contrast Iapetus is probably the most unusual of Saturn's moons. It has a low density similar to that of Rhea. This indicates that it contains very little rocky material and is composed mainly of water ice. Iapetus is a moon of stark contrasts. Its leading hemisphere is very dark with a slight reddish color, while its trailing hemisphere is very bright. The dark area is one of the darkest terrains in the Solar System, and is darker than asphalt. The reason for this dark matter on the leading side is not known. It could be composed of dark matter swept up from space, or it could be something that flowed out from within the moon. Some astronomers believe that the dark matter could have originated on Saturn's moon, Phoebe. Phoebe has a low albedo. Material could have been blasted into space by impacts, where it was then deposited on the surface of Iapetus. One problem with this theory, however, is that the color of the material on Phoebe and Iapetus do not match. Another theory states that this dark material may have been formed by eruptions of methane from deep within the moon. The fact that this area is fairly devoid of craters would suggest that this material is replenished regularly. One puzzling aspect of this phenomenon is that the dividing line between the dark and light areas is extremely sharp. No one seems to know why. Cassini spacecraft close-up image of Iapetus showing its diverse surface features. The light areas are likely composed of ice. The darker areas represent a thin coating of an unknown material. (ESA/NASA/JPL/University of Arizona) Features of Iapetus The dark, smooth region of Iapetus is known as the Cassini Regio. Very few craters can be found in this region. Astronomers believe that the dark material that covers this region is continually being replenished, thus covering any new craters that may appear. On the opposite side of Iapetus lies the Roncevaux Terra. This region is littered with hundreds of craters. The largest of these craters is known as Roland and is 90 miles (144 km) in diameter. The second largest crater in this area, called Marsilion, is 84 miles (136 km) in diameter. Iapetus has no detectable atmosphere and no magnetic field.


What is hopping from site to site on the internet called?

Train hopping - Hitchwiki: the Hitchhiker's guide to Hitchhiking Train hopping Jump to: navigation , search Note that this website is mainly about hitchhiking , another free form of transport, which is much more legal and especially more safe. Disclaimer: This page might contain information about activities that are not completely legal in all countries. Hitchwiki does not endorse illegal behavior. The authors of this page are not responsible for any of the actions taken by the readers of this page. This is for informational purposes only. 250px Train hopping (also called train surfing, train hitching or, in parts of the United States, catching out) is a riding on the outside of a train or another rail transport. In a number of countries, the term train hopping is often confused with the term freight hopping, which means riding on the outside of a freight train , while train hopping can be practiced on any type of a train. This type of travelling can be dangerous and even life-threatening, because there is a risk of death or serious injury from falling off a moving train, electrocution from power supply (overhead lines, current collectors and resistors), colliding with a railway infrastructure (bridges, tunnels, platforms, traffic lights or other trains) while riding outside off structure gauge on the side or on the roof of a train, or unsuccessful attempts to jump on a moving train or off it. Contents File:Sapsan meets trainsurfers.jpg Roof riding on a commuter train in Russia Riding on the outside is a much more exciting (and potentially deadly) way to travel by train than riding inside of it. You can feel the wind and observe your train during it's motion. Extended view of surrounding area. If you ride inside the train, you can only watch a small part of countryside and railway infrastructure through a side windows, especially if windows don't allow you to protrude from it. If you ride on the outside, you have a 180-degree or 360-degree panoramic view, which can be much more wide than a view from train driver's cab. Opportunity to travel by train for free, without having a ticket. Opportunity to ride in a comfort when a train is extremely crowded or there is a strong heat inside railcars. For example, local and subway trains in a number of countries can be extremely overcrowded during the rush hour, that makes riding inside of them very uncomfortable; moreover, in some cases it's impossible to get in a crowded train. Riding outside of it allows to travel with a comfort. Opportunity to ride on a train, which does not provide transportation of passengers and does not allow to enter it. For example, in most cases you are not allowed to get into a freight train, a service train or a locomotive, but you can ride on the outside of it. Opportunity to hop on or off a moving train. Thain hopping allows to catch a departing train or jump from an arriving train at low speed before it's complete stop. Disadvantages of train hopping File:PomogaloAttack.jpg A train engineer has found train hopper between cars and attacks him with a hammer. Train hopping is more dangerous than riding inside the train. In fact, this type of traveling is as risky as motorbiking or another extreme activity. Riding on the outside of train can be fun, exciting and full of adventure, but it also takes a lot of time and patience and requires physical preparation, skill, concentration and incessant monitoring of environment during the trip. Moreover, train rider must consider a presence of current collectors, resistors and busbars on roofs of electric trains and watch for catenary, bridges, tunnels, platforms and other objects of railway infrastructure while riding on side or on a top of train and be able to keep a safe distance from them. First of all, your best option is to find your nearest train yard or big train station and spend some good long hours waiting and watching, ecpecially if you don't have a good experience of travelling on the outside of trains or if you want to ride in an unknown region. Keep an eye out for the different types of cars, wha


Which photographer who emigrated to Canada in 1937 is best known for his photographs of the Ottawa region (his picture of floating logs on the Ottawa River was on the 1969-1979 series Canadian $1 bill), and was made an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1996?

Behind the Lens....Malak Karsh George Webber Malak Karsh 1915-2001 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, OC (March 1, 1915 – November 8, 2001); Malak Karsh was a Canadian photographer of Armenian heritage, brother of Yousuf Karsh, who is best known for his photographs of the Ottawa region. Born in Mardin, Ottoman Empire, he emigrated to Canada in 1937 and went to work with his brother. In 1963, he took a picture of the floating logs on the Ottawa River, called Paper and Politics, which was put on the back of the 1969-1979 series Canadian $1 bill. He was one of the founders of the Canadian Tulip Festival and its honorary president at the time of his death. According to mayor Bob Chiarelli, "He helped put Ottawa on the map. Probably the biggest and best brand for Ottawa was his tulips." [1] In 1996, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. In 2005, the city of Ottawa established the Karsh Prize, honoring Ottawa photo-based artists, in honor of Malak and Yousuf Karsh.[2] References 1. Caroline Murray, "Mourning a Rare Talent: Malak Karsh's exquisite photos chronicled a city and a nation," Ottawa Sun, 9 November 2001, p. 4. 2. "The Picture of Excellence," The Ottawa Citizen, 14 February 2005, p. B4. PHOTO CREDIT: George Hunter, R.C. A.


Where was ex-British Prime Minister Tony Blair born?

History of Tony Blair - GOV.UK GOV.UK Tony Blair Labour 1997 to 2007 Born 6 May 1953, Edinburgh, Scotland Dates in office Labour Major acts Civil Partnership Act 2004: allowed legal recognition of civil partnership relationship between two people of the same sex. Interesting facts Tony Blair initiated reforms in the House of Commons, modernising the format of Prime Minister's Question Time. Tony Blair, the longest serving Labour Prime Minister, oversaw the Northern Irish peace process, public sector reform and the response to the 9/11 and 7/7 terrorist attacks. Tony Blair was born in 1953 in Edinburgh, Scotland. After taking a gap year he attended the University of Oxford and studied Law; after graduating he became a barrister. He joined the Labour Party in 1975 and, in 1983, successfully fought for the safe seat of Sedgefield. Gordon Brown was also elected in 1983 and they became firm allies. Tony Blair assumed several Shadow Cabinet roles before being made Shadow Home Secretary in 1992. In 1994, his and Gordon Brown’s friendship was permanently changed when the Labour leader, John Smith, died suddenly. Tony Blair won the following leadership contest overwhelmingly, having made an agreement with Gordon Brown that, if he didn’t stand, he would become a powerful chancellor should Labour win the next election. Tony Blair was seen as a new kind of politician with enormous charisma, arguably the finest opposition leader of modern times – even succeeding in reforming ‘Clause IV’ of the Labour constitution. It was of little surprise when Labour won the 1997 general election by a landslide majority of 179. Succeeding John Major to the role, he officially became Prime Minister on 2 May 1997. Important constitutional changes happened quickly, with Scottish and Welsh devolution, reform to the House of Lords, the Human Rights Act and a Freedom of Information Act. One of his biggest achievements came in 1998 when the Northern Irish peace process really made progress with the Good Friday Agreement. On foreign affairs, he became increasingly convinced of Britain’s need to become more involved, joining the American bombing of Iraq in 1998. A landmark came in 1999 when he risked much to protect the Kosovars, his idea of ‘liberal interventionism’ explained in his ‘Chicago’ speech on ‘The Doctrine of the International Community’. Limited military involvement in Sierra Leone in 2000 reinforced the democratically elected government. Thanks to Tony Blair’s leadership, a healthy economy and a poor showing by the Conservative Party, Labour won the 2001 general election with another landslide, with 167 seats. His priority for the second term was to increase the pace of public sector reform, which took shape in the Prime Minister’s Delivery Unit, bills on Foundation Hospitals, Academy Schools and university tuition fees, and the increasing ‘choice agenda’. He also intended to call a referendum over Britain adopting the Euro, but events prevented this. The 9/11 terrorist attacks became defining moments for Tony Blair and his legacy. He allied with the USA and President Bush over the need to confront militant Islamism, first in Afghanistan in 2001 and then, much more controversially, in 2003 with the invasion of Iraq. The case for war in the UK had been built around the widespread belief that Saddam harboured weapons of mass destruction (WMD), which were not subsequently found. This, together with criticism over use of the machinery of government and doubts over the legality of the UK’s involvement, led the previously popular Tony Blair to become a divisive figure. Despite this, he led Labour to a third general election victory in 2005, with a much smaller but still significant majority of 66. The 7/7 London explosions by British-born Muslim suicide bombers led Blair to try to tighten civil liberties, another cause of public division. In 2006, the Israel-Lebanon war saw a very large Labour rebellion against Tony Blair over his reluctance to criticise Israel and his continued support for Bush. He resigned as Prime Minister on 27 June 2007.


In 1588 Francis Drake led the English navy against the Spanish what?

Spanish Armada defeated - Jul 29, 1588 - HISTORY.com Spanish Armada defeated Publisher A+E Networks Off the coast of Gravelines, France, Spain’s so-called “Invincible Armada” is defeated by an English naval force under the command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake. After eight hours of furious fighting, a change in wind direction prompted the Spanish to break off from the battle and retreat toward the North Sea. Its hopes of invasion crushed, the remnants of the Spanish Armada began a long and difficult journey back to Spain. In the late 1580s, English raids against Spanish commerce and Queen Elizabeth I’s support of the Dutch rebels in the Spanish Netherlands led King Philip II of Spain to plan the conquest of England. Pope Sixtus V gave his blessing to what was called “The Enterprise of England,” which he hoped would bring the Protestant isle back into the fold of Rome. A giant Spanish invasion fleet was completed by 1587, but Sir Francis Drake’s daring raid on the Armada’s supplies in the port of Cadiz delayed the Armada’s departure until May 1588. On May 19, the Invincible Armada set sail from Lisbon on a mission to secure control of the English Channel and transport a Spanish army to the British isle from Flanders. The fleet was under the command of the Duke of Medina-Sidonia and consisted of 130 ships carrying 2,500 guns, 8,000 seamen, and almost 20,000 soldiers. The Spanish ships were slower and less well armed than their English counterparts, but they planned to force boarding actions if the English offered battle, and the superior Spanish infantry would undoubtedly prevail. Delayed by storms that temporarily forced it back to Spain, the Armada did not reach the southern coast of England until July 19. By that time, the British were ready. On July 21, the English navy began bombarding the seven-mile-long line of Spanish ships from a safe distance, taking full advantage of their long-range heavy guns. The Spanish Armada continued to advance during the next few days, but its ranks were thinned by the English assault. On July 27, the Armada anchored in exposed position off Calais, France, and the Spanish army prepared to embark from Flanders. Without control of the Channel, however, their passage to England would be impossible. Just after midnight on July 29, the English sent eight burning ships into the crowded harbor at Calais. The panicked Spanish ships were forced to cut their anchors and sail out to sea to avoid catching fire. The disorganized fleet, completely out of formation, was attacked by the English off Gravelines at dawn. In a decisive battle, the superior English guns won the day, and the devastated Armada was forced to retreat north to Scotland. The English navy pursued the Spanish as far as Scotland and then turned back for want of supplies. Battered by storms and suffering from a dire lack of supplies, the Armada sailed on a hard journey back to Spain around Scotland and Ireland. Some of the damaged ships foundered in the sea while others were driven onto the coast of Ireland and wrecked. By the time the last of the surviving fleet reached Spain in October, half of the original Armada was lost and some 15,000 men had perished. Queen Elizabeth’s decisive defeat of the Invincible Armada made England a world-class power and introduced effective long-range weapons into naval warfare for the first time, ending the era of boarding and close-quarter fighting. Related Videos


Triathlon has been an Olympic sport since the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. Which country has won the most medals in the men's event in the first 3 Olympiads to 2008?

Sydney Olympic Games, 2000 | australia.gov.au Sydney Olympic Games, 2000 The exceptionally well-organised Sydney Games were a true celebration of Olympic values and sporting excellence. Olympic Committee The Sydney Olympic Games were held from 15 September to 1 October 2000. Sydney was awarded the right to host the 2000 Olympic Games in 1993. It was the second time that an Australian city had hosted the Olympic Games, the first being in Melbourne in 1956. The first Olympic Games of the modern era were held in Athens in 1896 following the founding of the International Olympic Committee in 1894. The Olympics began in Greece about 3,500 years ago but were discontinued in 393 AD. In 1887, Baron Pierre de Coubertin came up with the idea of reviving the Olympics. At the Sydney 2000 Olympics there were 199 competing countries and four individual athletes from East Timor who marched in the parade of nations. There were 10,651 athletes (4,069 women, 6,582 men). There were 300 events. One of the extraordinary characteristics of the Sydney Olympics was the number of volunteers, 46,967, which had grown from an original group of 500, honoured in a parade through the city after the games. The extent of interest world-wide in the Olympics is reflected in the 16,033 accredited media people (5,298 written press, 10,735 broadcasters). Highlights – 100 years of women's participation Cathy Freeman wins gold in the 400m. Image courtesy of the ABC. Sydney 2000 celebrated 100 years of women's participation in the Olympic Games. The Triathlon made its Olympic debut with the women's race as the first event. Brigitte McMahon of Switzerland swam, cycled and ran to win gold and beat the favoured Australian athlete Michelie Jones who won silver. McMahon only passed Jones in sight of the finish line. Taekwondo was another new addition to the Olympic programme. Australian Lauren Burns, won gold in taekwondo, women's -49kg. Roared on by home fans, Burns surged ahead to 4-2 in the second round after being tied at the end of first round. Susanthika Jayasinghe became the first Sri Lankan woman to win a medal, claiming bronze in the 200m, whilst Birgit Fischer of Germany earned two gold medals in kayaking to become the first woman in any sport to win medals 20 years apart, having won gold at the Moscow, Barcelona and Atlanta Olympic Games. Women also took part in weightlifting and the modern pentathlon for the very first time. Australian Maria Pekli, won silver in judo for the women's 57kg. Other Australian women gold medal winners included Natalie Cook and Kerri Pottharst for beach volleyball, and Jenny Armstrong and Belinda Stowell for sailing, in the women's 470 class. The Australian women's hockey, softball and water polo teams also showed their excellence in winning gold. Opening ceremony and Olympic Flame Sydney 200 opening ceremony. Image courtesy of the ABC. The opening ceremony began with a tribute to Australian culture, history and identity with over 120 Australian stock horses stepping out, paying tribute to Australian stockmen. Performances that followed included references to the arrival of the First Fleet, immigration and rural industry as well as a large display of lawnmowers and an Australian Hill's hoist clothes line representing domestic life and ingenuity. Music and performance highlights of the opening were two hundred (200) Indigenous women from Central Australia dancing to cleanse and protect the Games and hundreds of tap-dancing teenagers. Olivia Newton-John and John Farnham sang the duet 'Dare to Dream' while walking among the athletes. Torres Strait Islander Christine Anu sang 'My Island Home' and the Australian National Anthem was sung by the boy band Human Nature with the second verse sung by Julie Anthony. The games were opened by the Australian Governor-General Sir William Deane with the Olympic Flag carried around the arena by eight former Australian Olympic champions: Bill Roycroft, Murray Rose, Liane Tooth, Gillian Rolton, Marjorie Jackson, Lorraine Crapp, Michael Wenden and Nick Green. Cathy Freeman lighting the Olympic Fla


Italian Musical Terms - Meaning of Dolce Updated July 23, 2016. Definition: The Italian musical term dolce (“sweet; sweetly”) is an indication to play in a tender, adoring manner; to play sweetly with a light touch. By itself, dolce may indicate a slow, gentle tempo ; however it is often combined with other musical commands, as in “ allegretto dolce e con affetto ”: semi-quick, sweet, and with affection.


"Jonathan Rhys Meyers, who played Elvis Presley in the TV series ""Elvis"", went on to play Henry VIII in what British TV series?"

Jonathan Rhys Meyers - IMDb IMDb Official Photos » Jonathan Rhys Meyers was born Jonathan Michael Francis O'Keefe on July 27, 1977, in Dublin, Ireland, to Mary Geraldine (Meyers) and John O'Keeffe, a musician. He and his family moved to County Cork, Ireland, when the actor was nearly a year old, and then, at the age of 3, his father left the family, leaving his mother to care for Jonny and his 3 ... See full bio » Born: a list of 33 people created 03 Apr 2011 a list of 37 people created 19 Jan 2012 a list of 31 people created 30 May 2013 a list of 42 people created 29 Nov 2013 a list of 22 people created 04 Aug 2014 Do you have a demo reel? Add it to your IMDbPage How much of Jonathan Rhys Meyers's work have you seen? User Polls Won     1     Golden Globe. Another    4 wins & 14 nominations. See more awards  » Known For Mark Wraith (as Jonathan Rhys Myers)  2000 Gormenghast (TV Mini-Series) First Young Man (as Jonathan Rhys-Myer) Hide   2011 Pass the Salt, Please (Short) (executive producer) Hide   2007 August Rush (performer: "Break", "Moondance", "This Time", "Something Inside")  1998 Velvet Goldmine ("Sebastian", "The Ballad of Maxwell Demon", "Baby's On Fire", "Tumbling Down") Hide   2016 Good Morning America (TV Series) Himself - Guest  2014 Ladies of London (TV Series) Himself  2010 Tavis Smiley (TV Series) Himself - Guest  2010 Janela Indiscreta (TV Series) Himself  2010 Le grand journal de Canal+ (TV Series documentary) Himself  2009 Los Tudor: Rodarán cabezas (TV Movie documentary) Himself  2008-2009 Entertainment Tonight (TV Series) Himself  2006-2009 The View (TV Series) Himself - Guest  2008 Sexo en serie (TV Movie documentary) Himself  2007-2008 Live! with Kelly (TV Series) Himself - Guest  2008 Brit Awards 2008 (TV Special) Himself  2007 Access Hollywood (TV Series) Himself  2006 M:I-3 Launching the Mission (Video documentary short) Himself  2006 M:I-3 the Hunt Is On (Video documentary short) Himself  2006 Jimmy Kimmel Live! (TV Series) Himself - Guest  2005 The Death of 'Alexander' (Video documentary short) Himself  2005 E! News Live (TV Series) Himself  2003 Cartaz Cultural (TV Series) Himself  2015 Entertainment Tonight (TV Series) Himself  2015 Inside Edition (TV Series documentary) Himself  2008 Reinventando Hollywood (TV Movie documentary) Himself Print and TV ads for new Hugo fragrances XX and XY See more » Publicity Listings: 10 Interviews | 5 Articles | 3 Pictorials | 15 Magazine Cover Photos | See more » Alternate Names: Jonathan Rhys Myers | Jonathan Rhys-Meyers | Jonathan Rhys-Myer Height: Did You Know? Personal Quote: (On his role in The Tudors (2007)) I based him on what I would do myself if I had absolute power at 28, 29 years old. I didn't have the physicality of "Henry", you know? And so I had to do it all internally. I had to create this incredibly strong, powerful man without being sort of like 6' 4" and 300 pounds. I had to make his intellect bigger than anybody else's. I had to make his ambition bigger... See more » Trivia: Lived in Italy for a few years. See more » Trademark: