The ‘Aurora Australis’ is also known by what name?

Aurora Borealis: What Causes the Northern Lights & Where to See Them Aurora Borealis: What Causes the Northern Lights & Where to See Them By SPACE.com Staff | February 10, 2015 08:15pm ET MORE Skywatcher Shawn Malone took this photo of the aurora March 15-16, 2012. She writes: "[A]urora activity picking up casts a bright reflection off of Lake Superior, Marquette, MI." Credit: Shawn Malone The northern lights, or aurora borealis, offer an entrancing, dramatic, magical display that fascinates all who see it — but just what causes this dazzling natural phenomenon? At the center of our solar system lies the sun, the yellow star that sustains life on our planet. The sun's many magnetic fields distort and twist as our parent star rotates on its axis. When these fields become knotted together, they burst and create so-called  sunspots . Usually, these sunspots occur in pairs; the largest can be several times the size of Earth's diameter.  This image from NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory shows the sun as it appeared in extreme ultraviolet wavelengths on March 5, 2012 just after a major solar flare. Credit: NASA/SDO/AIA At the center of the sun, the temperature is 27 million degrees Fahrenheit (15 million degrees Celsius). As the temperature on its surface rises and falls, the sun boils and bubbles. Particles escape from the star from the  sunspot regions  on the surface, hurtling particles of plasma, known as solar wind, into space. It takes these winds around 40 hours to reach Earth. When they do, they can cause the dramatic displays known as the aurora borealis. [Infographics:  How the Northern Lights Work  &  Anatomy of Sun Storms & Solar Flares ] Sunspots and cycles The  sunspots and solar storms  that cause the most magnificent displays of the northern lights occur roughly every 11 years. The solar cycle peaked in 2013, but it was the  weakest solar maximum  in a century. [ Photos: Amazing Auroras of 2014 ] "This solar cycle continues to rank among the weakest on record," Ron Turner of Analytic Services, Inc. who serves as a Senior Science Advisor to NASA's Innovative Advanced Concepts program, said in a statement. Since record-keeping of the ebb and flow of the sun's activity began in 1749, there have been 22 full cycles. Researchers monitor space weather events because they have the potential to affect spacecraft in orbit, knock out power grids and communications infrastructure on Earth, and amp up normal displays of the northern and southern lights. Scientists are also investigating how  fluctuations in the sun's activity  affect weather on our planet. Particles and polar attraction Earth is constantly bombarded with debris, radiation and other magnetic waves from space that could threaten the future of life as we know it. Most of the time, the planet's own  magnetic field  does an excellent job of deflecting these potentially harmful rays and particles, including those from the sun. Particles discharged from the sun travel 93 million miles (around 150 million km) toward Earth before they are drawn irresistibly toward the magnetic north and south poles. As the particles pass through the  Earth's magnetic shield , they mingle with atoms and molecules of oxygen, nitrogen and other elements that result in the dazzling display of lights in the sky. An Expedition 30 crew member took this photo of the North Atlantic with an aurora on March 28, 2012. Credit: NASA The auroras in Earth's Northern Hemisphere are called the aurora borealis. Their southern counterpart, which light up the Antarctic skies in the Southern Hemisphere, are known as the  aurora australis . What causes the colors? The colors most often associated with the aurora borealis  are pink, green, yellow, blue, violet, and occasionally orange and white. Typically, when the particles collide with oxygen, yellow and green are produced. Interactions with nitrogen produce red, violet, and occasionally blue colors.  The type of collision also makes a difference to the colors that appear in the sky: atomic nitrogen causes blue displays, while molecular nitrogen results


The disease rickets is caused by the lack of which vitamin?

Rickets: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Work indoors during the daylight hours You may not get enough vitamin D from your diet if you: Are lactose intolerant (have trouble digesting milk products) Do not drink milk products Follow a vegetarian diet Infants who are breastfed only may develop vitamin D deficiency. Human breast milk does not supply the proper amount of vitamin D. This can be a particular problem for darker-skinned children in winter months (when there are lower levels of sunlight). Not getting enough calcium and phosphorous in your diet can also lead to rickets. Rickets caused by a lack of these minerals in diet is rare in developed countries, because calcium and phosphorous are found in milk and green vegetables. Your genes may increase your risk of rickets. Hereditary rickets is a form of the disease that is passed down through families. It occurs when the kidneys are unable to hold onto the mineral phosphate. Rickets may also be caused by kidney disorders that involve renal tubular acidosis . Disorders that reduce the digestion or absorption of fats will make it more difficult for vitamin D to be absorbed into the body. Occasionally, rickets may occur in children who have disorders of the liver, or who cannot convert vitamin D to its active form. Rickets is rare in the United States. It is most likely to occur in children during periods of rapid growth, when the body needs high levels of calcium and phosphate. Rickets may be seen in children ages 6 to 24 months. It is uncommon in newborns. Symptoms Urine calcium Treatment The goals of treatment are to relieve symptoms and correct the cause of the condition. The cause must be treated to prevent the disease from returning. Replacing calcium, phosphorus, or vitamin D that is lacking will eliminate most symptoms of rickets. Dietary sources of vitamin D include fish, liver, and processed milk. Exposure to moderate amounts of sunlight is encouraged. If rickets is caused by a metabolic problem, a prescription for vitamin D supplements may be needed. Positioning or bracing may be used to reduce or prevent deformities. Some skeletal deformities may require corrective surgery. Outlook (Prognosis) The disorder may be corrected by replacing vitamin D and minerals. Laboratory values and x-rays usually improve after about 1 week, although some cases may require large doses of minerals and vitamin D. If rickets is not corrected while the child is still growing, skeletal deformities and short stature may be permanent. If it is corrected while the child is young, skeletal deformities often improve or disappear with time. Possible Complications Skeletal fractures, may occur without cause When to Contact a Medical Professional Call your child's health care provider if you notice symptoms of rickets. Prevention You can prevent rickets by making sure that your child gets enough calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D in the diet. People who have gastrointestinal or other disorders may need to take supplements. Ask your child's health care provider. Kidney (renal) causes of poor vitamin D absorption should be treated right away. People who have renal disorders should have their calcium and phosphorus levels monitored regularly. Genetic counseling may help people who have a family history of inherited disorders that can cause rickets. Alternative Names Osteomalacia in children; Vitamin D deficiency; Renal rickets; Hepatic rickets Images X-ray References Greenbaum LA. Rickets and hypervitaminosis D. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2011:chap 48. Read More


Capital Of Ecuador, Ecuador Capital Online Quiz Quito, Capital Of Ecuador The national Capital of Ecuador is Quito which was the first town to be discovered by the Spaniards in 1934. Quito has a rich cultural background and is known as the "cultural heritage site" of the world. Geographical Location of Quito The Capital of Ecuador is located in the south of Equator at an altitude of 285m. Quito lies on the northern part of Ecuador in the Guayllabamba basin which is situated in the eastern base of base of the Pichincha Volcano. Quito is an earthquake prone city, the reason being its geographical location. The whole of Quito is divided into three separate parts by mountains. History of Quito Being the Capital of Ecuador, Quito has passed through a rich history that really brings out the essence of this city. From the very early days of its existence, Quito has been an important "centre of power". It has been inhabited by a number of important races and tribes the most important among them being the Quitus. The very first rulers of Quito were the Incas. Quito was built from the leftover ruins of Inca capital. After Ecuador gains its official independence, Quito was announced to be the official Capital of Ecuador in 1832. Quito, Capital of Ecuador is the second largest city of Ecuador and is also the second highest capital in the world.


How many players are on the field in a hockey team?

How many players are in a field hockey team? | Reference.com How many players are in a field hockey team? A: Quick Answer There are 16 players on a field hockey team. Eleven players take the field at a time with five substitutes on the sideline. The players on the field typically consist of 10 players and one goalie, though the goalie may be pulled in exchange for an extra attack player. Full Answer The players on the sideline may be used as substitutes for any of the players on the field at any time and any number of times, though the umpire does have the ability to stop the game for substitutions. Unlike many other sports, player positions in field hockey are not absolute. However, players are generally categorized as defense, midfield or attack.


Which fictional scarecrow has a set of interchangeable turnip, mangel worzel and swede heads?

THE ACTORS ON TV AND STAGE: Worzel Gummidge THE ACTORS ON TV AND STAGE Friday, 3 February 2012 Worzel Gummidge Worzel Gummidge is a British children's fictional character who originally appeared in a series of books by the novelist Barbara Euphan Todd. A walking, talking scarecrow, Gummidge has a set of interchangeable turnip, mangel worzel and swede heads, each of which suit a particular occasion or endow him with a specific skill. The books were adapted for radio and television a number of times, most successfully with former Doctor Who actor Jon Pertwee taking the lead role in 1979 on ITV; originally produced in the UK, but later in New Zealand, where the character was extremely popular. The series was written by Keith Waterhouse and Willis Hall, adapted from the original books by Barbara Euphan Todd. It was produced and directed by James Hill, and credit really ought to be given to Jon Pertwee, who apart from starring in it, was responsible for getting it off the ground in the first place. Worzel Gummidge was a scarecrow that could come to life. He befriended John and Susan, two children who often had to cover up after him.  Worzel Gummige Down Under!  Worzel Gummidge Down Under is a spin-off of the First four previous seasons. However this time it is set is New Zealand (Worzel describes it as Zew Nealand).  Aunt Sally is taken to New Zealand with the owner of a cultural museum in Piwakawaka, to be displayed there as an xample of British culture. Howver Worzel finds out and is determined to follow her there. Which he does.  Worzel Gummidge Down Under is considered to be not as sucessful as the first four season set in britain, but it is still regarded as a sucess on its own. It explores more of Worzels bravery and affections for "his Intended Aunt Sally". One of the episodes that stands out for most people is called "Worzel to the rescue" which uses Worzels fears to create a feel of unease for the aundience, which is quite a strong thing to do, considering that the program is aimed at children. It also contains scenes of "living dead scarecrows" who only exist to do the travelling scarecrow makers bidding. Which is why the DVD release class it as PG


Tennis player Mary Pierce was born in which country in January 1975?

Mary Pierce | Tennis Player Profile at Sports Pundit France Mary Pierce is a former tennis professional player, who was born in January 15, 1975, in Montreal Canada. She plays on the Women’s Tennis Association (WTA) tour. She also plays for the French team in competitions and in the Olympics. It was during a trip to Montreal when Pierce was born, her mom is French while her dad is American. She grew up and was raised in the United States, they lived in Sarasota Florida. Thus, she is a citizen of France, Canada and the United States. It was Pierce father, Jim Pierce who introduced her to tennis, at the age 10. Two years after, she won the U.S national 12-and under junior title. It was 1989, when she became the youngest American player to make her debut on the professional tour, she was only 14 years and 2 months. She gained quickly a reputation for being one of the all-time hardest hitters in the women’s division. Pierce has a record for winning four Grand slams two for both Singles and Doubles. She has actually reached six Grand Slam singles finals, at the US Open and the French Open both in ‘05. Her Grand Slam titles came at the 1995 Australian Open and the 2000 French Open. She also won the Wimbledon mixed doubles championship, making her reach three Grand Slam doubles finals. She has won a total of 18 WTA singles titles and 10 WTA doubles titles. She has also reached twice, the final of the season ending WTA Tour Championship’s, that year being 2005. Improve this page! Latest edit made by Maree Cartujano Share this page: Log in or sign up to post a comment Reply to


And I Think to Myself...What A Wonderful World.: "They Actually Eat That:" Ortolan. You do not have to escape to a fantasy realm. This world is plenty fantastic. Go outside and be inspired. あなたは。。。妖精の存在を信じますか。 There was an error in this gadget Wednesday, December 29, 2010 "They Actually Eat That:" Ortolan. The French have some really weird cuisine. Most of it tastes good (y'know, unlike 'cuisine' in America, which is a death sentence if one can taste trans fats), but really, some of the things that France considers cuisine -as well as how said things are prepared- are enough to keep people off of meat and/or join PETA. Ortolan's name does not immediately clue one in on what it is. That is, of course, unless one is French; the word "ortolan," deriving from the Latin word for "garden" ("hortus," see "horticulture") can refer to many species of bunting, a type of songbird similar to (but distinct from) finches.  The particular species used for Ortolan is Emberiza hortulana, simply called the "Ortolan" or "Ortolan Bunting." They Actually Eat That?! Take off an Ortolan's feathers and you get this: Or, rather, catch the wild bird in a net, fatten it up overnight, then drown it in brandy and bake it for 5 minutes. Add a potato. Then you get that. The taste is often described as being a little gamey, like quail, but with bones and blood to go along with it. Ortolan is so good that the bird that is killed for it is protected by law due to overhunting and cannot be legally sold anywhere in Europe. What? You think I'm just an American raging at Ortolan because it's different? Even the BBC - the British Broadcasting Company - had a complaint with this one. Argue all you like that it's just because they're British, too; part of the ritual of eating Ortolan involves covering one's face with a napkin to hide one's disgrace from God (among other explanations, including "nobody wants to see you eat a songbird"). You can't say that a dish is sane when God disapproves. I can't see what you're doing beneath that napkin!  This is the first time that one of my reviewed dishes has been considered unholy.  Illegal, sure; cruel, yes (factory farming is a LOT worse than Ortolan, as are lobster and ikizukuri); possibly an invention of Satan? That's a first. You don't have to be religious to agree with this one. Posted by


Who created the fictional character Harry Lime?

The Definitive The Lives of Harry Lime Radio Log with Orson Welles, Anton Karas, Graham Greene and Harry Alan Towers Home >> D D Too Home >> Radio Logs >> The Lives of Harry Lime Lives of Harry Lime mp3 cover art Carol Reed and Orson Welles confer on location in Vienna over a key scene from Reed's The Third Man from 1949 (the photo credit says April 1950 which would be impossible since it premiered during Sept. 1949). Carol Reed's 1949 project, The Third Man: was adapted from a Graham Greene story of the same name spun off a wildly successful sound-track (it went 'Gold' in 3 months) spun off a Film sequel starring Joseph Cotten spun off a successful Radio program starring Orson Welles spun off a successful 5-season Television program starring Michael Rennie as Harry Lime. Key Laundry Soap's The Lives of Harry Lime Spot Ad from Sep 22 1952 The Lives of Harry Lime first aired complete over 'pirate' Radio station Radio Luxembourg circa 1950 Mutual Broadcasting System aired twenty-six of The Lives of Harry Lime Canada's CBC aired all fifty-two installments of The Lives of Harry Lime over two overlapping seasons The classic Third Man 'reveal' shot from the 1949 Film Orson Welles in a deservedly avuncular mood following the runaway success of The Third Man 1950 Background: Golden Age Radio's First 'Pre-quel' Graham Greene's The Third Man was a fascinating study of post-World War II Vienna. Tracing the wake of the ebbs and flows of intrigue that coursed through the great city for well into The Cold War Years made for a very compelling yarn, though perhaps not Vienna's finest public relations moment. Alexander Korda optioned The Third Man for his studios and the project got the green light from David O. Selznick in 1948, at about the time that Orson Welles was enjoying one of several self-imposed exiles in Great Britain. Released in September 1949, the film achieved both critical and popular acclaim, in spite of Orson Welles reputation as 'box-office poison' at that point in his career. Welles was already working on two other projects with British programming entrepreneur Harry Alan Towers, and the extraordinary success of The Third Man, The Third Man Theme and talk of a film sequel seemed to all point in the direction of a promising Radio version of The Third Man. But where to begin? The character Harry Lime was killed off in The Third Man. Orson Welles' brilliant solution was to create an entire series of 'pre-quels' to The Third Man, all inevitably, inexorably leading up to Lime's ultimate fate in the sewers of Vienna. The film had already hinted at the apparent nine lives of the Harry Lime character, so it wasn't much of a stretch to extend that store of lives to fifty-one. But how to make Harry Lime attractive enough to sustain 52 installments . . . Let's face it, Harry Lime was a slimeball. So in yet another inspired notion, Welles decided to go with Lime's disreputable character and play to it. Harry Lime becomes one of Radio's first successful anti-heroes.  This was by no means a new direction for Welles himself. He loved writing for, directing and performing as an anti-hero. And had often done so already. But those were more subtle, more intellectual antiheroes. This would be a modern day antihero. A man with apparently no discernable socially or morally redeeming values whatsoever, no compunctions about lying, stealing, cheating or even murder, and yet a character capable of sustaining fifty-two compelling accounts of the adventures leading up to his ultimate demise. Will the Real Harry Lime Please Stand Up . . . . The background of The Lives of Harry Lime is completely interwoven with the period of Orson Welles' self-imposed exile in Great Britain, his desperate efforts to raise cash while in Europe, and the extraordinary evolution of The Third Man film itself. Indeed it's often quite difficult to separate Orson Welles from the Harry Lime character over the course of some three years that they were associated with each other. Orson Welles had indeed become all but a scoundrel himself during the four years le


In the 1977 film ‘Smokey and the Bandit’, which brand of beer is to be transported to Georgia?

Smokey and the Bandit (1977) - Plot Summary - IMDb Smokey and the Bandit (1977) Plot Summary Showing all 3 plot summaries Bandit and Cledus are two truck-driving southerners who accept a dare from big-shots Big and Little Enos to pick up a truckload of beer from Texas and return it to them within a specified amount of time. Picking it up is simple enough, but as they are leaving Texas, Bandit unwittingly picks up Carrie, a hitchhiking bride-to-be who just left her groom, Junior, at the altar. Junior, however, is the son of Sheriff Buford T. Justice. And when Buford and Junior discover what has happened, they go on a "high-speed pursuit" across the Southeast to catch the bandit. - Written by <jgp3553@excite.com> In the summer of 1976 "Big Enos" Burdette, a flamboyant Texan aspiring to political office in Georgia, needs a vast quantity of beer for a rally, but the brand of beer he wants is Coors which at this time cannot be legally transported across the Mississippi, and at least one attempted shipment has already been intercepted by police. To get this job done, Burdette recruits modern day moonshiner Bo Darville, nicknamed Bandit for his previous exploits, for a hefty six-figure payment. Darville in turn recruits his pal Cledus Snow and his eighteen-wheeler for the job, entailing driving from Georgia to Texas, picking up 400 crates of Coors beer, and returning to Georgia, all in a span of twenty-eight hours. To draw off the heat of snooping state police, Darville will drive interference for Cledus in a hot Pontiac Trans-Am, the two of them maintaining contact via citizen's-band radios and the seemingly bizarre lingo used within. The trip to Texas and loading of beer goes without interruption, but the trip back to Georgia begins to pick up complications when Darville is stopped by a runaway bride, Carrie, who is fleeing a forced marriage to the son of a full-of-himself Texas county sheriff, Buford T. Justice. Sheriff Justice's pursuit of his prospective daughter-in-law soon becomes an interstate high-speed pursuit involving police from four states and also the intervention of varied interstate truckers aiding Darville and Cledus as they close on Enos Burdette's Georgia bash. - Written by Michael Daly The Bandit is hired on to run a tractor trailer full of beer over county lines in hot pursuit by a pesky sheriff.


Carl XVI Gustav became king of which European country in September 1973?

Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden Carl XVI         Gustaf King of Sweden,         1973-present Carl Gustaf Folke Hubertus was born at Haga         Palace in Solna on April 30, 1946, the only son         of then Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf and Princess         Sibylla of Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha; he has four         older sisters -- Margaretha, Birgitta, Dï¿½sirï¿½e,         and Christina. His father died in a plane crash         in Copenhagen in 1947. Crown Prince King Gustav V, Carl Gustaf's         great-grandfather, died on October 29, 1950, and         was succeeded by Gustaf V Adolf, Carl Gustaf's         grandfather. As the oldest male direct descendant         of Gustaf V Adolf, Carl Gustaf thus became Crown         Prince of Sweden, at the age of four. Crown Prince Carl Gustaf was taught privately         at the Royal Palace in Stockhom during his         pre-school years, and then, beginning in the         autumn of 1952, was educated at the Broms School         and then the Sigtuna Boarding School. He         graduated from the upper secondary level in 1966,         after which he underwent two-and-a-half years of         training in the Swedish Army, Navy, and Air         Force, with special emphasis on naval training.         He passed his Naval Officer Examination in 1968,         after which he completed a command course at the         Swedish National Defence College. By the end of         his military training and service, he had reached         the ranks of Captain in the Army, Lieutenant in         the Navy, and Captain in the Air Force. In 1968,         Carl Gustaf embarked on an intensive one-year         course of studies at the University of Uppsala.         This was followed by a specially-designed program         of field trips to government institutions,         industries and factories, laboratories, and         schools, with special emphasis on the work of the         Riksdag (the Swedish Parliament) and the Ministry         for Foreign Affairs. During this period he also         participated in the work of the Permanent Swedish         Mission to the United Nations and worked with the         Swedish International Development Cooperation         Agency in Africa. As Crown Prince, he also         represented his grandfather at a number of         official functions around the world. Marriage Crown Prince Carl Gustaf met Silvia Renate         Sommerlath during the 1972 Olympic Games in         Munich, where she was working as an interpreter         and hostess. Their engagement was officially         announced on March 12, 1976 (almost three years         after he had become king), and they were married         at Stockholm Cathedral on June 19, 1976. The         couple has since had three children -- Crown         Princess Victoria (born July 14, 1977), Prince         Carl Philip (born May 13, 1979), and Princess         Madeine (born June 10, 1982). King Crown Prince Carl Gustaf became King Carl XVI         Gustaf upon the death of Gustaf VI Adolf on         September 15, 1973. Since he has no government         authority, the king spends much of his time         engaged in various personal pursuits, especially         organizations concerned with nature and the         environment. He personally instituted the King         Carl Gustaf Environmental Competition and the         Royal Colloquium, an international environmental         symposium held in Sweden with participants from         all over the world, and has served as chairman of         the Swedish branch of the World Wide Fund for         Nature (W


Volleyball Court Dimensions & Measurements Bowling Volleyball Court Dimensions & Measurements Volleyball court dimensions and measurements are pretty easy to  remember.  In fact, the most complicated part of the court is actually  the volleyball net.  But we've got that covered, too!  Check out the  diagram below or view our Quick Facts About  Volleyball Court Measurements . Volleyball Court Details Quick Facts About Volleyball Court  Measurements Q:  How tall are the poles that hold   the volleyball net? A:  They are 8 feet 4 inches.  Please see the dimensions above for how high the net should be off   the ground. Q:  What are the dimensions of a   volleyball net? A:  A net is typically 39 inches   tall.  It is 32 feet long, which provides one foot of netting   on each side of the court. Q:  What is the dimensions of a   volleyball court? A:  60 feet long by 30 feet wide.  These measurements are to the outside of the court's lines. Q:  How tall is the volleyball net? A:  7 feet 11 5/8 inches for men's competition and 7 feet 4 1/8   inches for women's competition. Q:  How far is the pole from the   sideline? A:  Three feet. Q:  How wide should the lines be? A:  Two inches, except the center line is four inches. A History of Volleyball Whether it is being played on a sandy beach or inside a spacious   gymnasium, volleyball is a thrilling sport to watch and tons of fun   to play.  Few individual scoring plays in sports are as   exciting as a spike in a volleyball match, but the sport also   contains a team element that is crucial on both offense and defense. While beach volleyball is immensely popular today as both as a   pastime and a professional sport, volleyball was originally designed   as an indoor sport by William G. Morgan, a YMCA physical education   director in Holyoke, Massachusetts, in 1895.  In its original   form, volleyball could be played by any number of players and   incorporated characteristics from tennis and handball.  Morgan   originally called the game Mintonette.  Matches consisted of   nine innings, with three serves for each team in each inning and no   limit to the number of ball contacts for each team before sending   the ball to the opponents' court.  After its first exhibition   match was held at the International YMCA Training School in 1896,   Mintonette became known as “volley ball” and spread around the   country to other YMCAs. The first country outside of the United States to adopt   volleyball was Canada in 1900.  Much of volleyball's   international growth came in 1919, when 16,000 volleyballs were   distributed by American Expeditionary Forces and their allies to   people all over the world.  Team volleyball was established,   with the number of players on each team limited to six.  Beach   volleyball is played with only two players on each team.  The   winning score of a game was changed in 1917 from 21 to 15 points. Since appearing as an American demonstration event at the 1924   Summer Olympics in Paris, volleyball has provided more than its fair   share of thrilling Olympic moments.  American players such as   Karch Kiraly, Steve Timmons, Kerri Walsh-Jennings, and Misty May-Treanor   have helped elevate the sport of beach volleyball through their   Olympic success, while the team sport has seen several countries   take home gold medals over the years.  According to some fan   estimates, volleyball is the fifth-most popular sport in the world.  Simplicity and flexibility continue to be hallmarks of the sport,   and volleyball seems poised to retain its popularity for years to   come.  Terms of Service & Disclaimer:  The measurements, dimensions and layouts   depicted on this site should not be used for official   organizational sporting events, including events sanctioned   by, but not limited to, the NBA, NFL, MLS, MLB, IOC, NCAA, NAIA, or any other   sporting organization that exists.  This site's primary purpose is to provide measurements and   dimensions for general sporting acti


Which novel by A J Cronin is credited with laying down the foundation in Great Britain for the introduction of the National Health Service?

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In which English city is Temple Meads Railway Station?

National Rail Enquiries - Station facilities for Bristol Temple Meads Impaired mobility set down / pick up points available Yes Set- Down / Pick up Points are available at the station entrance. Assisted travel meeting point located at the customer information office - Platform 3. Please notify a member of staff. Airport Bristol International Airport 'Flyer 330 & 331' luxury coach service runs daily every 20 -30 minutes, from Bristol Temple Meads station forecourt, direct to the airport in around 25 minutes. Through-ticketing from National Rail stations to Bristol Airport is available - ask for a ""BRISTOL AIR BUS"" ticket (destination code H712).For 'Flyer' details visit: http://flyer .bristolairport.co.uk/   Ticket buying and collection


What is the official language of Liberia?

Liberian - Language Information & Resources Home » Resources » Languages » Liberian Liberian The Liberian language has a unique history that dates back to the early 19th century, when the Republic of Liberia was founded by freed African-American slaves. Throughout the 1800s, Liberia served as the destination of resettlement for freed slaves, who brought the English language to their new homeland. The Liberian language soon evolved, developing distinct differences from Standard English thanks to the West African and French linguistic influences it came into contact with in Liberia. Since Liberia’s official founding in 1824, English has maintained its status as the most prominent language in the country. English serves as the official Liberian language, and an estimated 3 million people speak the form of pidgin English known as Liberian Kreyol language or Liberian Pidgin English. The Founding of Liberia: Resettlement of Freed American Slaves In 1816 the American Colonization Society, an organization designed to aid in the resettlement of freed African-American slaves, was established. The organization initially attempted to resettle freed American slaves in Sierra Leone; however, this endeavor proved unsuccessful. Six years later, native African rulers gave US representatives an area of land along the Cape of Mesurado. This area would become Liberia. The freed African-American slaves who migrated to Liberia from the United States are largely credited with the founding of Liberia. Known as Americo-Liberians, the history of this group and the role they played in the early history of the country are intriguing. Development of Liberian Pidgin English (Liberian Kreyol) The unique form of English spoken in Liberia, known as Liberian Pidgin English or Liberian Kreyol language, was developed among the population of Americo-Liberians, the freed slaves who migrated to Liberia from the United States in the 19th century. Based primarily on the English language that these freed slaves spoke in the United States, Liberian Kreyol evolved from standard English as it adopted words from the French and nearby West African languages. Although English is the country’s official language and the Americo-Liberians have controlled Liberia’s government for the majority of the country’s history, only about one-fifth of Liberia’s residents claim Liberian Kreyol language as their native tongue. Early History of Liberia The first Americo-Liberians to settle the new land are thought to have arrived in the early 1820s. In 1824, the US agent for the newly founded society, Ralph Randolph Gurley, christened the new colony “Liberia.” Gurley also labeled the settlement concentrated at Cape Mesurado “Monrovia” – today, the capital of Liberia. In 1931, Liberia was rocked by scandal when the League of Nations reported that Americo-Liberian migrants were using the native African populations of the area for forced labor – essentially enslaving them. The scandal that ensued prompted the Liberian government to rid the country of all forced-labor practices. Although forced labor was successfully abolished by 1936, the native Africans residing in Liberia were still seen as second-class. For example, they were not given voting rights. Liberia as an Independent Republic The majority of Americo-Liberians arrived before 1865, after which point the waves of migration became increasingly intermittent. Due to conflict between the new colony and the United States, the Americo-Liberian colonists were soon awarded almost complete control of the government. In 1847, Liberia became a fully independent republic. A Liberian constitution, modeled on that of the United States, was established the same year and Joseph Jenkins Roberts, a black man, became the newly independent country’s first official president. The Liberian Civil War Americo-Liberians controlled the Liberian government until 1980, when the government was overthrown by a military coup. In 1989, a violent Civil War erupted, incited by the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL), a dissident rebel group that included


In 1966, which African-American revolutionary socialist organization was founded in California by Huey P Newton and Bobby Seale?

Black Panther Party History: Huey Newton, Bobby Seale Founded Black Panther Party On This Day In 1966 | News One Huey Newton, Bobby Seale Founded Black Panther Party On This Day In 1966 Leave a comment 168 reads As one of the most-storied African-American groups during the turbulent late 1960s, the Black Panther Party For Self Defense (or the Black Panther Party) stood out not only for their militant appearance but also for their work in impoverished neighborhoods as well. As students at Oakland’s Merritt College (formerly Oakland City College), Huey Newton (pictured right) and Bobby Seale (pictured) were inspired by the teachings of Malcolm X, who was slain just a year before they began the Party. Newton and Seale, growing tired of police brutality and other forms injustice against Blacks, formed the Black Panther Party on this day in 1966. SEE ALSO: Iconic Comedian, Entertainer Redd Foxx Passed Away On This Date In 1991 Fashioning themselves as left-wing revolutionaries, the Black Panthers felt that Blacks in America needed protection against police, underscoring their emphasis on self-defense. Since Newton was a reader of Karl Marx, Frantz Fanon, Vladimir Lenin, and other revolutionary figures, the Black Panthers taught socialist and Marxist ideology to its members. Newton maintained the title of defense minister while Seale was recognized as the group’s chairman. Along with forming the party, the group’s landmark “Ten Point Program” was also introduced after being inspired by Stokely Carmichael (aka Kwame Toure) and his activism in Alabama. The Party’s platform called for equal rights for Blacks, a call for jobs for the community, housing, education, and other demands. Party members were also famous for being armed publicly, after Newton learned that a loophole in California law allowed them to bear guns in plain sight as long as they weren’t aimed. The Panthers claimed Oakland as a “territory” with the police being enemies of their land and acted as both a community support system and militia-like force. With racial tensions rising, so did the Panther’s activity. After first denying his involvement, Newton admitted to the killing of Officer John Frey, which galvanized the Panthers even further. H. Rap Brown (now serving life in prison for the 2000 killing of Georgia officer Ricky Kinchen) and James Forman used the moment to stage a huge “Free Huey” rally months later, calling for violence and the assassination of public officials if their leader was not set free. Newton fled trial and escaped to Cuba but still led the Panthers as much as he could from afar. Beyond their many conflicts with law enforcement officials, the Panthers’ “survival programs” were the stuff of legend. The group provided free food, self-defense training, tutoring, first aid, clothing, drug and alcohol rehab, and many more social programs for those in need. This would land the Party on the radar of the FBI and the insidious “COINTELPRO” program, which then-director J. Edgar Hoover enacted to halt the growth of the group. The FBI infiltrated the inner workings of the Panthers and pitted other similar groups against them, according to documents and personal accounts regarding the matter. The Black Panther Party dealt with criticism of its violent nature, which often overshadowed the group’s good works. Some members wanted a focus on the socialist aspect, while others wanted to be even more confrontational. The decline of the party was readily apparent in the 1970s, especially in 1974 when Newton appointed Elaine Brown as the Party’s first chairwoman. Watch the history of the Black Panther Party here: The group became more involved in the electoral process from this point on, and more women increased their visibility and involvement as a result.  Brown, however, would leave the party after Newton ordered the beating of a female Panther member. The official end of the party was marked by the closing of its sponsored school in 1982, after Newton was discovered embezzling funds from the school to fuel his drug addiction needs. Newton was later fatall


Jack Nicholson received his second Oscar for which 1983 film?

Jack Nicholson - Biography - IMDb Jack Nicholson Biography Showing all 225 items Jump to: Overview  (4) | Mini Bio  (2) | Spouse  (1) | Trade Mark  (8) | Trivia  (125) | Personal Quotes  (66) | Salary  (19) Overview (4) 5' 9¾" (1.77 m) Mini Bio (2) Jack Nicholson, an American actor, producer, screen-writer and director, is a three-time Academy Award winner and twelve-time nominee. Nicholson is also notable for being one of two actors - the other being Michael Caine - who have received Oscar nods in every decade from sixties through the naughts. Nicholson was born on April 22, 1937 in Neptune, New Jersey. He was raised believing that his grandmother was his mother, and that his mother, June Frances Nicholson, a show-girl, was his older sister. He discovered the truth in 1975 from a Time magazine journalist who was researching a profile on him. His real father is believed to have been either Donald Furcillo, an Italian-American show-man, or Eddie King (Edgar Kirschfeld), born in Latvia and also in show-business. Jack's mother's ancestry was Irish, English, as well as German, Scottish, and Welsh. Nicholson made his film debut in a B-movie titled The Cry Baby Killer (1958). His rise in Hollywood was far from meteoric, and for years, he sustained his career with guest spots in television series and a number of Roger Corman films, including The Little Shop of Horrors (1960). Nicholson's first turn in the director's chair was for Drive, He Said (1971). Before that, he wrote the screenplay for The Trip (1967), and co-wrote Head (1968), a vehicle for The Monkees. His big break came with Easy Rider (1969) and his portrayal of liquor-soaked attorney George Hanson, which earned Nicholson his first Oscar nomination. Nicholson's film career took off in the 1970s with a definitive performance in Five Easy Pieces (1970). Nicholson's other notable work during this period includes leading roles in Roman Polanski 's noir masterpiece Chinatown (1974) and One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975), for which he won his first Best Actor Oscar. The 1980s kicked off with another career-defining role for Nicholson as Jack Torrance in Stanley Kubrick 's adaptation of Stephen King 's novel The Shining (1980). A string of well-received films followed, including Terms of Endearment (1983) which earned Nicholson his second Oscar; Prizzi's Honor (1985) and The Witches of Eastwick (1987). He portrayed another renowned villain, The Joker, in Tim Burton 's Batman (1989). In the 1990s, he starred in such varied films as A Few Good Men (1992), for which he received another Oscar nomination, and a dual role in Mars Attacks! (1996). Although a glimpse at the darker side of Nicholson's acting range reappeared in The Departed (2006), the actor's most recent roles highlight the physical and emotional complications one faces late in life. The most notable of these is the unapologetically misanthropic Melvin Udall in As Good as It Gets (1997), for which he won his third Oscar. Shades of this persona are apparent in About Schmidt (2002), Something's Gotta Give (2003) and The Bucket List (2007). In addition to his Oscar wins and nominations, Nicholson has seven Golden Globe Awards, and received a Kennedy Center Honor in 2001. He also became one of the youngest actors to receive the American Film Institute's Life Achievement award in 1994. Nicholson has five children: Eldest daughter Jennifer Nicholson (b. 1963), from his marriage to Sandra Knight which ended in 1968; Caleb James Goddard (b. 1970) with Susan Anspach; Honey Hollman (b. 1981) with Danish supermodel, Winnie Hollman ; and Lorraine Nicholson (b. 1990) and Ray Nicholson (b. 1992) with Rebecca Broussard . Nicholson's longest relationship was the seventeen years he spent with actress Anjelica Huston ; it ended when Broussard become pregnant with his child. - IMDb Mini Biography By: Anonymous With 12 Academy Award nominations (eight for Best Actor and four for Best Supporting Actor), Jack Nicholson is the most nominated male actor in Academy Awards history. Only Nicholson (1960s-2000s), Michael Caine (1960s-2000


In the nursery rhyme, who ‘Went to Gloucester in a shower of rain’?

Doctor Foster Went to Gloucester - English Children's Songs - England - Mama Lisa's World: Children's Songs and Rhymes from Around the World Doctor Foster Went to Gloucester Doctor Foster Went to Gloucester Nursery Rhyme Doctor Foster went to Gloucester In a shower of rain, He stepped in a puddle, Right up to his middle, And never went there again. Doctor Foster Went to Gloucester Nursery Rhyme Doctor Foster went to Gloucester In a shower of rain, He stepped in a puddle, Right up to his middle, And never went there again.


According to Greek mythology, who opened a jar out of curiosity and let out all the evils of humanity?

Greek Mythology: What is Pandora's Box? - Quora Quora Written May 11, 2010 Technically, it wasn't even a box; it was actually more of a jar. According to Greek myth, the "box" was given to Pandora, the first woman, and contained all the evils in the world bottled up inside. Pandora (whose name means "all gifts") had an insatiable curiosity and opened the jar despite being told not to, releasing all the evils of the world. Depending on which version of the myth you read, either Hope remains inside the jar and thus still in humanity's possession, or Hope is also released into the world (either way, humanity gets it). Also depending on which version you read, Pandora was a punishment against the Titan Prometheus for tricking the gods into accepting the less palatable portions of a sacrifice at Mecone. (Pandora was given to Prometheus' brother Epimetheus as a wife). This particular version can be found in Hesiod's Theogony. Written Mar 22, 2014 Due to the way my feed likes giving me stuff from years ago, I found this nice little question running amok amongst some of the newer and less dignified questions (and answers). Danielle Maurer's answer to "What was Pandora's box?" Is excellent and complete in it's own right.  I would just like to add a few notes. The version of Pandora I have read in several sources states that as all the world's ills were being released, Pandora vainly attempted to get the lid back on the jar/box.  The only item she was able to contain was Hope.  This allows the teller and reader the ability to identify the one good thing that was added to the many evils.  Regardless of whether or not Hope was contained, the idea is that it was present in the first place. If you haven't noticed, though, the story is a parallel to the Judeo-Islamic-Christian story of Eve and the Fruit Of Knowledge. The protagonist of each story is a woman, who is tempted into doing the one thing they have been forbidden to do.  When the deed is committed, terrible ills befall mankind, which must suffer in perpetuity for the crime. I have also seen other cultural stories with a common theme, many suggesting women as the culprit for the woes of man.  It could be that all are inter-related, having some form of contact that would provide the basis for these stories (which is certainly a possibility in the Greek and Jewish cases).  Or it may still be that some have come to this conclusion independently, which might possibly indicate a sort of misogyny that transcends culture. In many tales, it is the male figure that suffers for bringing the good.  Prometheus and Jesus are two such examples.  Women, however, are the cause of the world's suffering, according to these traditions. Pandora's box is more a cautionary story of the simplicity and predictable nature of women. A woman is crafted and given a box, knowing full well that it will be opened in time.  That women can be trusted to betray a trust.  The serpent in Eden knew without hesitation to tempt Eve, not Adam to eat the fruit.  Both are examples of how a culture perpetuates the trivialization of half its population. This trivialization continues today, in countless modern scenarios involving the denigration, harassment and abuse of women.  Stereotypes about women drivers, women asking to be raped, weaker constitutions, less reliable, or the evils of abortion.  You can see Pandora's Box in a modern setting when politicians and religious leaders claim divine retribution in the form of modern day tragedies for the evils related specifically to the actions of women. Written Jan 21, 2015 To understand Pandora's Box, you first need to understand who Pandora is. Pandora's was a woman, created by the gods and given to Epimetheus (Prometheus's brother) as a gift. Pandora was gifted with insane beauty, incredible curiosity and a box. This box was actually a jar, called a pithos. In this jar was contained the ills and troubles of the world, including the deadly sins. One day when her husband was out of the house, Pandora's curiosity got the better of her. She opened the jar, and out flew the ev


How many houses are there in a game of Monopoly?

Monopoly/Official Rules - Wikibooks, open books for an open world Monopoly/Official Rules Preparation[ edit ] To begin with, each player selects a token. Then they place their token on the table near Go, placing it on Go only when his/her first turn to move arrives. One player becomes the Banker, who distributes assets from the Bank to the players. Only the player in question can use their money, money can only be lent via the Banker or by the player mortgaging an asset, money cannot be lent by another player. Each player receives two $500, two $100, two $50, six $20, five $10, five $5, and five $1. Each player thus begins the game with $1500. The Bank begins the game with 32 houses and 12 hotels. It never runs out of money; if it runs out of bills, players can use any convenient items as substitutes until the Bank gets enough money. "General"[ edit ] On a player's turn, he or she must roll the dice and move his or her token forward the number of spaces as rolled on the dice. If the player lands on an unowned property, he or she may buy it for the price listed on that property's space. If he or she agrees to buy it, he or she pays the Bank the amount shown on the property space and receives the deed for that property. If he or she refuses to buy it for the amount stated on the deed, the property is auctioned. Bidding must start at half of the price of the property, and all players may bid. The highest bidder wins the property and pays the Bank the amount bid and receives the property's title deed. Railroads and utilities are also considered properties. If the player lands on an unmortgaged property owned by another player, he or she pays rent to that person, as specified on the property's deed. It is the property owner's responsibility to demand rent, and he or she has until the beginning of the second following player's turn to do so. If the player lands on his or her own property, or on property which is owned by another player but currently mortgaged, nothing happens. If the player lands on Luxury Tax/Super Tax, he or she must pay the Bank $100 (in some editions of the game, only $75). If the player lands on Income Tax he or she must pay the Bank either $200 or 10% of his or her total assets (cash on hand, property, houses and hotels). In some editions of the game, this is a flat rate of $200. If the player lands on a Chance or Community Chest, the player takes a card from the top of the respective pack and performs the instruction given on the card. If the player lands on the Jail space, he or she is "Just Visiting". No penalty applies. If the player lands on the Go to Jail square, he or she must move his token directly to Jail . If the player lands on or passes Go in the course of his or her turn, he or she receives $200 from the Bank. A player has until the beginning of his or her next turn to collect this bonus. If a player does not have sufficient funds to pay off a rent or fee, he or she may take a loan from the Bank by mortgaging one or more properties, sell houses back to the Bank for half the purchase price or sell property deeds to other players in the game. Players may not loan money to other players, only the Bank can loan money, This loan must be paid in full including any other debt owed to the Bank before the player advances to Go → or the player will be determined bankrupt. If a player skips another player's turn and is caught, the turn is transferred back to the player whose turn was skipped. Doubles[ edit ] When doubles are rolled, the player moves the number indicated by the dice, then rolls the dice again. The player moves forward as directed by the dice, and if this was doubles, rolls again. After the third roll of doubles, rather than landing on the square the dice led you to, you immediately go to jail and thus do not enact the appropriate action of landing on that square. If you roll doubles and land on somebody else's property you still have to pay rent. Properties, Rents, and Construction[ edit ] If a player lands on property he may buy it at the listed price. If the player refuses to buy it,


In the UK, who was hanged in April 1962 for the A6 murder of scientist Michael Gregston?

The A6 Murder....James Hanratty - YouRepeat Add our chrome extension to repeat YouTube videos at the click of a button The A6 Murder....James Hanratty Choose your time range using the slider. Start: Use this link to share your repeat GIF Creation Settings Separate tags with commas or press enter (max 5 tags) Quick GIF Create The One Show on Capital Punishment James Hanratty James Hanratty was one of the last people in the UK to be sentenced to death for murder. He was hanged at Bedford Gaol on 4 April 1962, after being convicted of the murder of scientist Michael Gregsten, who was shot dead in his car near Clophill, Bedfordshire in August 1961. Gregsten's mistress Valerie Storie, was raped, shot and left paralysed in the same incident. According to Storie, the couple were abducted at gunpoint in their car at Dorney Reach, Buckinghamshire, by a man with a cockney accent and mannerisms matching Hanratty's. The gunman ordered Gregsten to drive in several directions, before stopping beside the A6 at Deadman's Hill, where the offences took place. The prime suspects were Hanratty, a petty criminal, and Peter Louis Alphon, an eccentric drifter. Both these men changed their version of events several times and Storie picked out an innocent man at the first identity parade. The 'Guilty' verdict was questioned by many who felt the evidence was too weak to justify conviction. However, a DNA test in 2002 was to prove Hanratty's guilt, according to the Court of Appeal, "beyond doubt". Date of birth: October 4, 1936 Place of birth: Bromley


Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto are all moons of which planet in our solar system?

Solar System Moon Facts - Titan, Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto, Triton, Charon   Check out our amazing space and astronomy facts for kids. Learn about different space objects and enjoy a range of cool trivia. Solar System Moon Facts Enjoy a range of interesting solar system moon facts. Learn about the variety of moons that orbit around planets such as Mars, Jupiter, Saturn and Neptune. What makes moons like Titan, Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto, Triton, Charon, Phobos and Deimos unique? Read on and find out!   While we usually think of the Earth’s Moon there are many other moons in the Solar System . As of 2009, there were 336 moons in the Solar System. 168 of these orbit planets, 6 orbit dwarf planets, while the rest orbit asteroids and other Solar System objects (many yet to be classified). Jupiter’s four main moons are named the Galilean moons (after Galileo Galilei). Their names are Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto. Io features over 400 active volcanoes. Some scientists believe that water could exist below the surface of Europa. Ganymede is the largest moon in the Solar System. Callisto has a similar diameter to the planet Mercury but only one third of its mass. Saturn’s largest moon is named Titan, it is the only moon known to have a dense atmosphere. Neptune’s largest moon, Triton, is similar in size to Earth’s moon. Discovered in 1846 it is the seventh largest moon in the Solar System. The largest moon of the dwarf planet Pluto is named Charon, it was discovered in 1978 and has a diameter that is around half as wide as Pluto’s. Mars has two moons named Phobos and Deimos, both were discovered in 1877.


Which controversial Indian-born author won the 1981 Man Booker Prize?

The 12 Biggest Booker Prize Controversies - The Daily Beast Winners and Losers The 12 Biggest Booker Prize Controversies This year’s Man Booker Prize longlist is being touted as ‘the most diverse’ ever, perhaps to deflect any controversies—and the award has had plenty of them in the past. Thomas Flynn 07.23.13 9:25 PM ET It’s time to talk about the Man Booker Prize again. Given annually to the best English-language novel published in the Commonwealth of Nations since its inception in 1969, the Booker is one of the most prestigious awards in the literary world. This year’s longlist was described by Robert Macfarlane, the chair of the judges, as “the most diverse” ever—7 of the 13 authors are women, and 7 countries are represented on the list. The inclusiveness is perhaps intended to deflect any controversies, and the award has had many of them. It’s been criticized for being elitist, inspiring The Guardian to create the reader-voted Not-the-Booker Prize. The Booker’s also been accused of having a British bias, though it’s supposed to represent more than 50 other countries. Here are some of the most controversial moments in Booker history. (1) No Guarantee In 1980 Anthony Burgess and William Golding, two of Britain’s literary giants, went head to head. Burgess, nominated for Earthly Powers , would not attend the ceremony unless the committee guaranteed him a win. They could not—the final decision was made half an hour before the announcement—and Golding won for Rites of Passage . (2) Oops Life of Pi , Yann Martel’s 2001 bestseller, was considered the fourth favorite for that year’s Booker by the bookmakers taking bets. That is, until a page on the Booker Prize website announced it as the winner a week before the decision. Life of Pi immediately became the odds-on favorite to win, with more bets placed on it than any other Booker nominee ever. Unfortunately for the bookies, the leak proved correct, and Martel won the award unanimously. (3) Too Readable In 2011 the judges came under fire for a shortlist many, including the former poet laureate Andrew Motion, deemed too “readable.” Motion said that the list “opens up a completely false divide between what is high end and what is readable, as if they are somehow in opposition to one other, which is patently not true.” Poet Jackie Kay said of the nominees, “It is a sad day when even the Booker is afraid to be bookish.” Julian Barnes’s The Sense of an Ending , widely regarded as the snob’s pick of that year, would go on to win. (4) Switcheroo In 1983 the judges, with jury chair Fay Weldon still to vote, were split down the middle, with two ballots each for J.M. Coetzee’s Life & Times of Michael K and Salman Rushdie’s Shame . With only minutes before the scheduled announcement, Weldon cast her vote for Rushdie, only to switch to Coetzee as Booker foundation organizer Martyn Goff was calling in the result. (5) Elitist John Banville’s first brush with controversy surrounding the prize came in 1981, after he was snubbed for the shortlist. Banville published a letter in The Guardian criticizing the elitist preferences of the Booker judges. He facetiously asked the committee for the prize money in order to buy every copy of the nominated books and give them to libraries, “thus ensuring that the books not only are bought but also read—surely a unique occurrence.” Banville would win in 2005, but not without more controversy. (6) ‘A Pile of Crooked Nonsense’ In 2001 Scottish writer A.L. Kennedy had some harsh words about the prize, calling it “a pile of crooked nonsense.” Kennedy, who had been on the jury for the 1996 award, dismissed the selection process as corrupt, saying the winner was determined by “who knows who, who’s sleeping with who, who’s selling drugs to who, who’s married to who, whose turn it is.” Of her fellow judges on the committee, who awarded the prize to Graham Swift for his novel Last Orders , she said, “I read the 300 novels, and no other bastard did.” (7) An ‘Execrable’ Book Hours after Arundhati Roy won the prize in 1997 for The God of Small Things , author Carmen


Elapidae Naja is the scientific name for which snake?

Common Cobra (Naja naja) COBRAS Scientific Data / Taxonomy Scientific Name: Naja Naja Snake Family : Elapidae Description: Highly poisonous         and larger of the Elapidae         family of snakes. Cobras come in a broad range of         body coloring ranging from yellows, rust, light browns and greys         to even reddish tones and some are banded. Cobras have beautiful "hoods" which         when fully spread in a defensive posture displays spots that         look like eyes. Highly intelligent species mostly terrestrial.         Some snake species like the Rinkhal of Southern Africa (not true         cobras) are very coy, known to play dead to entice victims to         approach then suddenly attacking. The King         Cobra , the largest venomous snake in the world is         greatly feared but many scientists believe it is the African         Cape Cobra who delivers the most deadly venom of any of the Naja family         of snakes. Characteristics: Cobras are both nocturnal         and diurnal creatures. Snakes in the Cobra family will rise to         defend themselves and are capable of delivering large amounts         of deadly Neurotoxic venom         through either a venomous spray aimed at the eyes ( Spitting         Cobras ) or envenomation by fang bite. Cobra envenomation         is severe, often fatal and should be treated by medical professionals         who normally administer Cobra Antivenom inoculations. Reproduction : Oviparous (egg-laying) with         many Cobra species building and maintaining nests for         their clutches of between 12-20 baby         cobra eggs which hatch out in 50-60 days. Female         Cobras are known to viciously defend their nest and eggs from         predators. Length: 1.2-5 meters          (Approx. 4.5-16 ft). The largest and longest King Cobra specimen         is said to be recorded measuring 18"4" in length. Habitat Distribution: Mountainous outcrops,          grasslands, moist and desert savannas and forested areas throughout          their range. Over 270 species inhabit the continents of Africa          and Asia. Wide ranging, the African species live from Egypt in          the north through equatorial Africa in the Congo Basin to Namibia          and extending all the way to South Africa. Asian Cobras can be          found in the countries of Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Pakistan,          Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, the islands of Java, Malaysia,          Sumatra and the Philippines. Subspecies: There          are several recognized subspecies in the "Naja" family         of Cobras. Some of the more widely known are: African Cobras Black Spitting Cobra (Naja nigricollis woodi) Black-Necked Spitting Cobra (Naja nigricollis nigricollis) Cape Cobra or Yellow Cobra (Naja nivea) Egyptian Cobra (Naja haje haje) Forest Cobra (Naja melanoleuca melanoleuca and Naja          m. subfulva) Mozambique Spitting Cobra (Naja mossambica) Red Spitting Cobra (Naja pallida) Snouted Cobra (Naja annulifera annulifera) Western Barred Spitting Cobra (Naja nigricollis nigricincta) Asian Cobras Burmese Spitting Cobra (Naja manadalayensis) Central Asian Cobra (Naja oxiana) Chinese Cobra (Naja atra) Common Cobra, Asian Cobra, Indian Cobra, Spectacled Cobra (Naja          naja) King Cobra ( Ophiophagus hannah) Malaysian Spitting Cobra (Naja naja sputatrix) Nubian Spitting Cobra (Naja nubiae) Sumatran Spitting Cobra (Naja sumatrana) Other Cobra subspecies include: Water Cobras (Boulengerina species) Note: Rinkhals ( Hemachatus haemachatus) Rinkhals (aka Ringhals) are in a class          of their own & it         warrants mention that this Cobra looking snake is not actually         a true Cobra. Although it is poisonous with the associated "ho


What is the title of the 1959 film in which Hayley Mills plays a young girl who befriends a murderous Polish sailor?

Tiger Bay Reviews & Ratings - IMDb IMDb 41 out of 43 people found the following review useful: Scenes aboard the ship from United Kingdom 6 September 2006 I was 2nd Radio Officer aboard the British cargo ship OSWESTRY GRANGE, which sailed regularly between the UK and the River Plate, from June 1958 until February 1959. At the beginning of October 1958, we were in Avonmouth (Bristol), when the "Tiger Bay" cast and crew came aboard to film the dock scenes, which were supposed to be in Barry. The ship's name was over-painted with the name LA PALOMA, and the white Maltese Cross on the funnel was transformed into a white square. When we sailed, we had to have our correct ship's name painted on boards, which were suspended over the bows, and only removed when filming was taking place. Our unique funnel must have caused a lot of puzzlement aboard other ships. We then sailed up and down the Bristol Channel for a few days, while the filming of John Mills' arrival and boarding from the pilot boat, as well as the chase and jump involving the Hayley Mills character, took place. The jump was performed by a stunt woman, who was very much bigger than Hayley. It was a cold day, and the Bristol Channel looked very uninviting, but the stunt girl was cheerful and unperturbed. Fortunately for her, only one take was needed! The film people, including John and Hayley Mills, were very friendly. Of course, we had no idea what it was all about. I didn't manage to see the film until I was serving with the Zim Israel line, when it was shown in a cinema on Mount Carmel in Haifa in June 1960. I'd expected to see myself in the scene where the ship was leaving Barry docks (i.e., Avonmouth), but I'd ended up on the cutting room floor. I now have the film on DVD, and love re-watching it, because it's a really good film, with an amazing performance by Hayley Mills, and also, of course, because I can see my old ship again, and recall my youth and those fascinating days with the cast and crew. Was the above review useful to you? 27 out of 28 people found the following review useful: A tricky tale, told with taste and flair from las vegas, nv 5 May 2001 When a sailor discovers his girlfriend has dumped him while he's been away, they argue, she pulls a gun, he gets it away from her, and then shoots her several times. A streetwise British girl from Cardiff, who does nothing but lie and cause trouble, is the only witness. She eventually befriends the Polish sailor and helps him hide. What could've been a cloying story--even perverse--is handled with impeccable taste and turned into a very moving, human tale. Cinematographer Eric Cross and his camera obviously adore Hayley Mills' 12-year-old face (her round, inquisitive eyes in particular); the scene-stealer is shown off to an incredible advantage in her acting debut. Real-life papa John Mills (as the investigator of the murder) and Horst Bucholz are also fine. An intriguing, absorbing film with a somewhat padded conclusion. *** from **** Was the above review useful to you? 26 out of 30 people found the following review useful: Unforgettable. Worth any effort needed to see it. from London, ON 23 April 2002 It's been a long time since I first saw this movie, but it's one that I'll likely never forget. Hayley Mills is truly a joy to watch. She portrays the many moods with ease and is deservedly one of the best-loved child stars. Horst Buchholz gives a very believable portrayal of a young man betrayed and bewildered by the action of his girlfriend and of his murdering her. Hayley as Gillie is the strong one in this movie. She is the one who hides him and protects him after getting the gun from him. She seems to relish her role. As others have said already the ending seems to be lacking true zest. I actually can't remember what happened. However, the rest of the movie, showing the wonderful interaction between Gillie and the sailor is more than worth the price of admission or the DVD. Was the above review useful to you? 22 out of 24 people found the following review useful: one worth watching from sydney 19 July 2


In the game of darts, what score is known as ‘Breakfast’ or ‘Bed and Breakfast’?

Darts 501 - Terms and Meanings The centre of the board. (see also: "SINGLE-BULL" and "DOUBLE-BULL") Score of 50 BUST / BUSTED Hitting more than you needed in an x01 game. The darts do not count and the  player begins his next turn on the same score he had prior to. C C In a Cricket game this refers to high scores base on the number of darts scored.  For example a triple-20, single-20, single-20 would be called a C-5 because "5  darts" were scored with three darts. CHAMPAGNE BREAKFAST Hitting treble 20, treble 1 and treble 5 in three darts (see "BREAKFAST") CHALKING Keeping score / marking the game. CHIPS A score of 26. (See also: "BREAKFAST /BED & BREAKFAST") CHUCKER A player who just "chucks" the darts at the board, doesn't aim or care. CIRCLE IT When a player scores a single digit (less than 10) with three darts, his  team-mates would shout out "Circle it!" to the scorekeeper to highlight the  terrible throw. A variation on this tradition is to draw a fish around the  score, often leading to aquarium-related jokes being aimed at particularly poor  or unlucky players. CLOCK The dartboard itself, usually in the context of "ROUND THE CLOCK". CORK The centre of the board. This comes from the cork in the end of a keg where it  is tapped. The ends of kegs were used for targets in the game's early days. D DARTITIS Name given to a mental state of a dart thrower unable to release his / her dart  during a throw. DEVIL The treble-6, so called due to '666', and the fact that it is often hit in error  when going for treble-13 or treble-10. DIDDLE FOR THE MIDDLE A throw to see who gets one dart closer to the bullseye to determine who throws  first in the game. Also known as a "BULL OFF", "MIDDLE FOR MIDDLE" and "OUT FOR  BULL". DOUBLE The thin outer ring of the board. In standard x01 games, a double counts for two  times the number hit. DOUBLE-BULL On dartboards configured with a bullseye consisting of two concentric circles,  the outer circle is commonly green and worth 25 and the inner circle is commonly  red and worth 50 points. Hitting the innermost ring of this type of bullseye is  a "DOUBLE-BULL". (See also: "BULLSEYE") DOUBLE IN (DI) A variant of x01 in which a double is needed to start the game. DOUBLE OUT (DO) Hitting the double of a number to win a game of 'x01 DOUBLE TOP Not being able to hit the double needed to win the game. DOWNSTAIRS The lower portion of the board, usually in reference to the 19s in a game of  x01. E A game that requires no special shot to begin scoring. FAT The largest portion of a number (the area between the double and triple ring) FEATHERS The 'feathers'/ Flights of the dart which makes the dart more aerodynamic FLIGHTS The "wings" at the end of a dart that make it fly straight. Also known as  feathers. G Advises all players that the match has now started GAME SHOT Signifies that the match winning double has been hit GOOD GROUP A compliment for tight, accurate throwing. GRAND SLAM Hitting the T5, T20 & T1 in one throw. GRANNY A lose without scoring, see SHUT OUT cricket game H HAIL MARY The third dart that miraculously scores a high treble where the first two  combined scored low single numbers HAT TRICK A score of three bullseyes in a single throw. HIGH TON Scoring between 151-180 points in a game of '01 HOCKEY The throw or Toe line. See 'Oche' Oche is pronounced as Hockey I ISLAND The actual playable area of a dart board (inside the doubles ring). Missing this  area entirely is sometimes referred to as "Off the island". J K KILLER A game variant where a number of players "own" a number on the dartboard and  compete to build up "lives" (by hitting that number) until a threshold is  reached (usually 4 or 6) before attempting to "kill" other players by removing  the lives they have built up (by hitting those other players' numbers) until a  single player is left. L LEG One game of a match. Most professional matches are made up of a number of sets,  each of which is split into legs. LEG SHOT Signifies that a player has completed (Won) the "leg" as per Game Shot. LIPSTICK Nam


Apollo Creed, Clubber Lang and Ivan Drago are all opponents of which fictional boxer?

Apollo Creed | Rocky Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Ivan Drago (killed in exhibition bout with Drago) ''Stay in school and use your brain. Be a doctor, be a lawyer, carry a leather briefcase. Forget about sports as a profession. Sports make ya grunt and smell. See, be a thinker, not a stinker.'' - Apollo Creed Apollo Creed (August 17, 1942 - August 31, 1985) was the main antagonist in Rocky and Rocky II and a deuteragonist in Rocky III and Rocky IV . He was initially portrayed as the World Heavyweight Champion until Rocky Balboa defeated Apollo Creed in the rematch in Rocky II. He is portrayed by Carl Weathers . Contents Edit When Apollo Creed is first introduced, he is the reigning Heavyweight Champion of the World. It is after his next scheduled opponent is unable to fight in a heavily publicized Bicentennial bout that Creed comes up with gimmick to keep from canceling the fight. He decides to give an unknown a shot at the title. He is attracted by Rocky's nickname, The Italian Stallion, and decides to offer him the bout. Creed is one of the most important supporting character in the series, as is solely responsible for Balboa's claim to fame, and his recapturing of the title after his initial defeat at the hands of Clubber Lang and Mickey's death later that night. Creed's fatal defeat at the hands of Ivan Drago is the reason Rocky decides to fight the Russian, to avenge his death, an act which gave Balboa his greatest win. Apollo Creed is married to Mary Ann. They have two children, a son and a daughter. He was with his trainer, Tony "Duke" Evers from a young age. He is from Los Angeles, California. Until his first fight with Rocky, no other fighter had ever gone the distance with Creed. It is revealed in the film Creed that Apollo cheated on his wife resulting in another child who was born posthumously, a son, named Adonis. Rocky Legends An early fight that Apollo had. The video game Rocky Legends showed a prequel to the films, showing "Career Modes" detailing the fights of the four main boxers in the films. In Apollo's career mode, Apollo Creed is shown fighting in the minor circuit. His first match is against Tony "Duke" Evers . Following that match, a vignette is shown where Evers congratulates Creed for beating him, and remarks he is getting too old and weak for active boxing. Creed tells of his plans to make it big as a future champ, and offers a worthy boxer such as Tony his chance to oversee that by becoming his manager. Apollo faced many opponents on his way to the top. (This storyline is contrary to the films, where it's revealed that Duke "practically raised him.") Rocky Edit Apollo as he tries to find a new fighter to fight. Apollo Creed first appeared in the 1976 Oscar-winning film Rocky as the charismatic, intelligent, and undefeated 34-year-old World Heavyweight Champion. A planned Bicentennial fight against number one contender Mac Lee Green was scheduled for January 1, 1976, which Apollo gladly hypes whenever someone places a microphone in front of him. However, Green hurts his left hand in training and the other top ranked contenders, such as Ernie Roman and Buddy Shaw , are either busy or don't believe that they can get into shape in time. Unwilling to waste the time, effort and money he's already invested in the fight, Creed comes up with a promotion that will generate huge publicity; he will offer an unknown local fighter an opportunity to battle Creed for the title, in a match in  Philadelphia , Pennsylvania. Upon reviewing the local boxers in Philadelphia, Creed is drawn to a club fighter named  Rocky Balboa  because Balboa is Italian and has a catchy nickname, "The Italian Stallion". Apollo also explains his choice by saying: "Who discovered America? An Italian, right? What better way to celebrate its 200th birthday than to get it on with one of his descendants?". Evers warns Apollo against facing Balboa since he fights left-handed, but Apollo brushes off the idea that he could be anything resembling a legitimate threat, pledging to knock him out in three rounds. Evers raises concern again whe


Which English singer appeared in the 1998 film ‘The Wedding Singer’ as himself?

The Wedding Singer (6/6) Movie CLIP - Grow Old With You (1998) HD - YouTube The Wedding Singer (6/6) Movie CLIP - Grow Old With You (1998) HD Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on May 26, 2011 The Wedding Singer movie clips: http://j.mp/15vNT5d BUY THE MOVIE: http://bit.ly/2cyWv26 Don't miss the HOTTEST NEW TRAILERS: http://bit.ly/1u2y6pr CLIP DESCRIPTION: Robbie (Adam Sandler) sings to Julia (Drew Barrymore) on the plane, while Billy Idol helps keep Glenn (Matthew Glave) out of the way. FILM DESCRIPTION: Mousse up your hair and pull your Missing Persons records out of mothballs for this romantic comedy set in that era of questionable fashion decisions, the '80s. In 1985, Robbie Hart (Adam Sandler) is a vocalist whose rock band stubbornly refuses to get off the ground. In the meantime, he makes a living playing wedding receptions, where his easy charm and ability to schmooze brings him a steady income. Robbie meets Julia Sullivan (Drew Barrymore) when she's working as a waitress at one of his wedding gigs; he immediately takes a shine to her, but since he's engaged, he keeps his distance. Robbie learns that Julia is also engaged; unfortunately, her fiancée Glen Gulia (Matthew Glave) is an obnoxious, self-obsessed yuppie who is chronically unfaithful to her. When Robbie gets stood up at the altar by his fiancée, it's a crushing blow to his ego, and he moves from working weddings to bar mitzvahs to avoid the humiliating issue of matrimony, and he considers giving up on music altogether. In time, Robbie realizes that he needs to step in and stop Julia from marrying Glen before the woman he's come to love ruins her life. Adam Sandler's former Saturday Night Live co-stars Kevin Nealon and Jon Lovitz make cameo appearances, as do Steve Buscemi and Billy Idol -- as himself. CREDITS: Cast: Matthew Glave, Adam Sandler Director: Frank Coraci Producers: Richard Brener, Jack Giarraputo, Brad Grey, Michelle Holdsworth, Ira Shuman, Robert Simonds, Rita Smith, Sandy Wernick, Brian Witten Screenwriter: Tim Herlihy WHO ARE WE? The MOVIECLIPS channel is the largest collection of licensed movie clips on the web. Here you will find unforgettable moments, scenes and lines from all your favorite films. Made by movie fans, for movie fans. SUBSCRIBE TO OUR MOVIE CHANNELS:


The Kyat is the basic monetary unit of which country?

Kyat - definition of kyat by The Free Dictionary Kyat - definition of kyat by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/kyat (Currencies) the standard monetary unit of Myanmar, divided into 100 pyas [from Burmese] the basic monetary unit of Burma. [1950–55; < Burmese cyat (written kyap)] ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend: kyat - the basic unit of money in Myanmar Myanmar monetary unit - monetary unit in the Union of Burma pya - 100 pyas equal 1 kyat in Myanmar Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: Copyright © 2003-2017 Farlex, Inc Disclaimer All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.


If an object is sherardized, what it is coated with?

BS EN 15773-2009 industrial application of powder organic coatings to hot dip galvanized or sherardized steel articles [duplex systems] specifications, recommendations and guidelines - Freestd - British Standards Price:   Number of Pages:26   Preface:Organic coatings, Plastic coatings, Particulate materials, Coatings, Industrial, Coating processes, Steels, Coated materials, Hot-dip galvanizing, Hot-dip coating, Sherardizing, Zinc, Surfaces, Surface treatment, Consumer-supplier relations, Ordering, Inspection   Description:This European Standard specifies the agreements to be made between the client, the galvanizer / sherardizer, the chemical suppliers and the applicators of the pre-treatment and the powder organic coating systems (if they are not one and the same). It also specifies the quality of the galvanized or sherardized articles to which the powder organic coatings are to be applied and for the pre-treatment and powder organic coatings intended for application to the galvanized or sherardized articles. This standard applies to the application of hot dip galvanized, sherardized and powder organic coatings by controlled industrial processes to articles consisting of or manufactured from steel. The standard applies to hot dip galvanized products, galvanized in accordance with EN ISO 1461 and EN 10240 or products sherardized in accordance with EN 13811, as well as parts of these products manufactured from continuously galvanized sheet and strip galvanized in accordance with EN 10326 or EN 10327, which, after the galvanizing and/or assembly, or sherardizing, will have a powder organic coating system applied. This standard also applies to products which have been hot dip galvanized or sherardized according to specific product standards to which powder organic systems are applied. This standard might also be useful when supplying other organic coating systems (excluding wet paint systems).   Overview:   Cross References:EN 10021; EN 10130; EN 10326; EN 10327; EN 10163-1; EN 10163-2; EN 10163-3; EN 10221; EN 10240; EN 13438; EN 13811; EN ISO 1461; ISO 1461-1999; EN ISO 5817; ISO 5817-2005; ISO 5817-2005/Technical Corrigendum 1-2006; prEN ISO 14713-1; ISO/DIS 14713-1-2008; prEN ISO 14713-2; ISO/DIS 14713-2-2008; prEN ISO 14713-3; ISO/DIS 14713-3-2008; ISO 9223; EN ISO 12944; ISO 12944-1998; EN ISO 8504; ISO 8504-2000; EN ISO 2063; ISO 2063-2005   Catalog:


Romaine lettuce The World's Healthiest Foords are health-promoting foods that can change your life. Watch for the launch of our new WHFoods 7-Day Meal Plan on January 23rd! The George Mateljan Foundation is a not-for-profit foundation with no commercial interests or advertising. Our mission is to help you eat and cook the healthiest way for optimal health. Romaine lettuce Not all lettuce is created equal, but if you start your meal with a salad made of romaine lettuce you will be sure to add not only a variety of textures and flavors to your meal but an enormous amount of nutritional value. Most of the domestic U.S. harvest of romaine lettuce and other salad greens comes from California and is available throughout the year. Lettuce is synonymous with salads as they are predominantly made from crispy green lettuce leaves. Most varieties of lettuce exude small amounts of a white, milky liquid when their leaves are broken. This "milk" gives lettuce its slightly bitter flavor and its scientific name, Lactuca sativa derived from the Latin word for milk. Romaine Lettuce, raw   pantothenic acid 3% This chart graphically details the %DV that a serving of Romaine lettuce provides for each of the nutrients of which it is a good, very good, or excellent source according to our Food Rating System. Additional information about the amount of these nutrients provided by Romaine lettuce can be found in the Food Rating System Chart . A link that takes you to the In-Depth Nutritional Profile for Romaine lettuce, featuring information over 80 nutrients, can be found under the Food Rating System Chart. References Health Benefits Want to maximize the health benefits of your salads? Start with romaine lettuce for a salad guaranteed to be packed with nutrients. The vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients and fiber found in romaine lettuce are especially good for the prevention or alleviation of many common health complaints. Due to its extremely low calorie content and high water volume, romaine lettuce—while often overlooked in the nutrition world—is actually a very nutritious food. Based on its nutrient richness, our food ranking system qualified it as an excellent source of vitamin A (notably through its concentration of the pro-vitamin A carotenoid, beta-carotene), vitamin K, folate, and molybdenum. Romaine lettuce also emerged from our ranking system as a very good source of dietary fiber, four minerals (manganese, potassium, copper, and iron), and three vitamins (biotin, vitamin B1, and vitamin C). Salad Days Keep Your Heart Young Romaine's vitamin C and beta-carotene content make it a heart-healthy green. Vitamin C and beta-carotene work together to prevent the oxidation of cholesterol. When cholesterol becomes oxidized, it becomes sticky and starts to build up in the artery walls forming plaques. If these plaques become too large, they can block off blood flow or break, causing a clot that triggers a heart attack or stroke. The fiber in Romaine lettuce adds another plus in its column of heart-healthy effects. In the colon, fiber binds to bile salts and removes them from the body. This forces the body to make more bile, which is helpful because it must break down cholesterol to do so. This is just one way in which fiber is able to lower high cholesterol levels. Equally beneficial to heart health is Romaine's folic acid content. This B vitamin is needed by the body to convert a damaging chemical called homocysteine into other, benign substances. If not converted, homocysteine can directly damage blood vessels, thus greatly increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke. In addition, romaine lettuce is a very good source of potassium , which has been shown in numerous studies to be useful in lowering high blood pressure, another risk factor for heart disease. With its folic acid, vitamin C, beta-carotene, potassium, and fiber content, romaine lettuce can significantly contribute to a heart-healthy diet. Description The words lettuce and salad are practically interchangeable since most salads are made predominantly with the green crispy le


In animals, an onychetomy is the removal of which part of the body?

Onychectomy | Cats Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Share This article is a stub . You can help Cats Wiki by expanding it . Onychectomy, popularly known as declawing, is an operation to surgically remove an animal's claws by means of amputating all or part of the distal phalanx, or end bones, of the animal's toes. It is performed most often on household cats, though occasionally on other animals such as circus lions or dancing bears. Because the claw develops from germinal tissue deep within the third phalanx, amputation of the bone is necessary to remove the claw. The terms "onychectomy" (origin: Greek ὄνυξ onycho, nail + ἐκτομή ektome, excision) and "declawing" imply mere claw removal, but a more appropriate description would be phalangectomy, excision of toe bone. Although common in North America , and Asian countries such as Japan , Korea , and China , elective declawing is considered an act of animal cruelty in certain other regions. Navigation


Which Charles Dickens followed ‘Nicholas Nickleby’?

Illustrations to Nicholas Nickleby - The British Library Illustrations to Nicholas Nickleby Description English In November 1837 Charles Dickens signed a contract with the publishers Chapman and Hall for a new novel ‘of a similar character and of the same extent and contents in point of quantity’ as Pickwick Papers. Nicholas Nickleby was duly published in 20 monthly parts, or numbers, at a shilling each between March 1838 and September 1839, the last being a double number at two shillings. Each part consisted of 32 pages of text and two engraved plates, bound with advertising supplements in pale green wrappers designed by the illustrator Hablot Browne (Phiz). Part publication Publication in parts was a long-established practice which had the advantage for the publisher of spreading the cost of production over a long period, and for the purchaser of making high-quality, lavishly illustrated fiction affordable. Authors also benefited from a regular income while they wrote: Dickens received £150 for each monthly instalment of Nicholas Nickleby. It became an important form of publication used by many of the most eminent and popular Victorian novelists, including Thackeray and Trollope, especially during the 1850s and 1860s. Dickens and serialisation in monthly parts Dickens relished the immediacy of the serial form and the close relationship it allowed him to establish with his readers. Nine of his novels appeared in monthly instalments: Pickwick Papers, Nicholas Nickleby, Martin Chuzzlewit, Dombey and Son, David Copperfield, Bleak House, Little Dorrit, Our Mutual Friend and Edwin Drood. The format was so successful that both Sketches by Boz and Oliver Twist were reissued in parts several years after their first publication, and The Old Curiosity Shop, Barnaby Rudge and A Tale of Two Cities were issued in monthly parts simultaneously with their appearance as weekly magazine serials. Full title:  The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby Published:


The Peewee Boyz were Europe’s first all-male what?

NHS in Leeds - Europe’s first all-male cheerleading squad to feature in BBC documentary Europe’s first all-male cheerleading squad to feature in BBC documentary 07 October 2010 An innovative public health project, supported by NHS Leeds and Leeds City Council, which lead to the creation of Europe’s first all-male cheerleading squad is to be the focus of a BBC documentary to be screened next week. Dance Action Zone Leeds (DAZL) has been supported by NHS Leeds and Leeds City Council since 2004. The project encourages children to dance their way to health and is part of a wider programme of work to tackle childhood obesity in Leeds. One of the successes of DAZL has been the number of boys coming through the doors, which helped in setting up Europe’s first ever all-male competitive cheerleading squad - the Peewee Boyz. The squad has already chalked up some notable successes including major trophies at the British Cheerleading Association International Championships. Their success has seen them become celebrities in their own right with appearances on MTV, Cbeebies (the BBC’s children’s channel) and features in national and international newspapers. Dr Ian Cameron, Director of Public Health for NHS Leeds, says: “We have been staggered by the success of DAZL and in particular the work of the Peewee Boyz. Their achievements have helped break down some of the barriers that may have stopped young boys from taking part in dance – an activity that may have traditionally been seen as only for girls. This project demonstrates the value of innovative public health interventions that lead to long-term behaviour changes. We are delighted by the success of the programme and hope it continues.” Sue Pennycook, DAZL’s Director, adds: “We are extremely proud of all the children who have taken part in our sessions for the last 10 years. The Peewee Boyz are in the limelight as Europe’s first all-male cheerleading group but I know all the young people taking part in our programme have done exceptionally well. Finally I would like to thank NHS Leeds and Leeds City Council for supporting the development of the project – a brave and positive step that has paid off.” The Peewee Boyz squad was founded by Ian Rodley, himself a young DAZL participant, who went onto higher education and now leads several of DAZL’s programmes. With the support of Cherry Brown, head coach, and Vicky Mawson, tutor, the boys continue to go from strength to strength. This year they have raised £14,000 through benefit performances and bag packing. They have also received support from local businesses including South Leeds and Hunslet Cars and Hesco Bastion. You can find out more about DAZL, including details of classes available, by calling 0113 270 6903. The BBC documentary “Wonderland - Boy Cheerleaders” will be shown on Wednesday 13 October 2010 at 9pm on BBC2. Notes NHS Leeds NHS Leeds is responsible for ensuring that the people of Leeds have access to the health services they need. With a budget of over £1.3 billion, it is one of the largest primary care trusts (PCTs) in the country commissioning (planning and funding) healthcare services for over 750,000 Leeds residents. Dance Action Zone Leeds (DAZL) DAZL is a community dance project for young people in Leeds, it was established in 2000 as a public Health initiative. It aims to improve the mental and physical health of young women aged 8-25 years through dance activity in disadvantaged communities of Leeds. It also aims to improve the mental and physical health of the wider community of Leeds through dance and performing arts related activity. Quark Films Quark Films was founded in 2006 by Anna Higgs and Gavin Humphries, graduates of the UK’s National Film and Television School. Their recent groundbreaking feature documentary ‘The People Vs George Lucas’ explores the love/hate relationship between Star Wars fans and the creator of the franchise, George Lucas, and is set for theatrical release in winter 2010. They've produced documentaries for Channel 4, BBC Scotland, the UK Film Council and the Scottish Documentary In


Who does a pediatric doctor specialise in treating?

Choosing an Asthma Specialist: Allergist, Pulmonologist, and More Types Read the How to Understand Your Child's Asthma Action Plan article > > Internist. An internist is a doctor who specializes in internal medicine -- the study of diseases in adults, particularly those related to internal organs -- and who has completed three years of training after medical school. Pediatrician. A pediatrician is a doctor who has three years of special training after medical school in the care of children from birth though college. A pediatrician can diagnose and treat childhood asthma . Pulmonologist. A pulmonologist has taken two or three additional years of training following residency in internal medicine or pediatrics to qualify as a specialist in respiratory diseases. Some pulmonologists may get additional board certification in critical-care medicine. Pulmonary Rehabilitation Therapist. While not a physician, this nurse or respiratory therapist is trained in pulmonary rehabilitation techniques and can provide asthma support and information on exercise and asthma , lung function, and stress and asthma . The pulmonary rehabilitation therapist can help educate you on how to care for your symptoms of asthma . Questions to Ask When Choosing an Asthma Specialist Once you determine the type of asthma specialist you want to see, consider the following questions to help make the best choice: Is the doctor board certified? This means that the doctor passed a standard exam given by the governing board in his or her specialty. Where did the doctor go to medical school? Your local medical society can provide this information. Is the doctor involved in any academic pursuits, such as teaching, writing, or research? Such a doctor may be more up-to-date in the latest developments in the treatment of asthma . Where does the doctor have hospital privileges and where are these hospitals located? Some doctors may not admit patients to certain hospitals, and this is an important consideration for anyone with a chronic health problem. Does the doctor accept your particular type of health insurance , or is the doctor a member of the medical panel associated with your HMO? Changes in medical coverage may mean that the doctor you now see will not be the one you see in a year or two. This makes it even more important to understand your asthma diagnosis fully, stay abreast of treatment methods, and follow your asthma action plan . WebMD Medical Reference