Which town in Northern Spain, once the seat of the Basque Parliament, was bombed bt German planes in 1937a and immortalised by a famous Picasso painting ?

Euro Weekly News - Costa Blanca North 6 - 12 March 2014 Issue 1496 by Euro Weekly News Media S.A. - issuu ISSUE NO. 1496 EWN FRONT EXTRA Crime wave ebbs EIGHTEEN crimes were reported in Teulada last January, a 63 per cent reduction compared with January 2013. Reported misdemeanours fell by 37.5 per cent from 24 to 15. Surplus rooms THE regional government recently ceded the Boca del Calvari building for use as Benidorm’s municipal museum. The cashstrapped town hall plans to cover costs by privatising two display rooms. Shoe thieves FIVE Colombians were arrested in Elche, accused of stealing 9,000 pairs of shoes from at least five warehouses. More than 7,000 pairs were recovered at the time of their arrest. Get a move on A DOCTOR and nurse working at Villena prison face disciplinary action for using roller skates. They have to skate between the different wings owing to a hard timetable, they said. 6 - 12 MARCH 2014 WWW.EUROWEEKLYNEWS.COM Dragged from car by fake police By Gemma Quinn PARENTS Carl and Janet Brennan are pleading for help and information regarding the whereabouts of their son after he went missing from Javea. Francis Brennan (pictured), aged 25, was last seen being dragged from a car by men dressed as Guardia Civil officers. His phone was dropped in the vehicle and he has not been heard of since. He was travelling with a friend who made a statement to police as Francis’s family flew to Spain from Liverpool. Janet said he was on an assault charge in the UK and was due to return home in the New Year to face those charges. It was assumed he was arrested in connection with his failure to appear in court, but the Spanish authorities confirmed they do not have Brennan in custody. Janet told the Euro Weekly News: “It is just not real, it is like living in a film.” Janet said the family and police believe he has been taken against his will: “I am 100 per cent certain that there are people who know where Francis is,” said his father Carl in a UK televised appeal for information on his whereabouts: “If they have got a shred of decency in them, they will let us know where he is.” ‘Not stopping…’ PINK FLAMINGOES are back in Calpe, breaking their journey to France. This year they returned to the Salinas earlier than usual, local experts said. Usually the pink flamingos turn up in mid-March but dozens were spotted in the salt beds before the end of February. The salt beds are visited each year by the pink flamingos as they leave Africa and southern Spain for the French Mediterranean. The Salinas are only a temporary home but some birds stay for as long as four months. 2 E W N 6 - 12 March 2014 / Costa Blanca Nor th NEWS Letters LINE 9: Too many breakdowns, users complain. Train does not take the strain LINE 9 between Benidorm and Denia continues to be in the public eye. In late January the regional government announced a €43 million investment to improve the line between now and 2020. Days later a train broke down outside Benissa, stranding passengers for five hours as railway staff tried to restart it. A little over two weeks after that, 25 passengers waited for an hour at the Albir halt when their Denia-bound train broke down and had to be substituted. “It’s not good enough,” a passenger said. “It’s bad for tourists and people who need to get to work just can’t rely on the train.” The Albir breakdown coincided with the reopening of the Benidorm to Alfaz del Pi section, following major works that lasted more than three months and cost €3.3 million. The new automatic blocking system failed to respond the first day it was in use although the fault was detected and repaired. “Safety was at no time compromised,” sources said. 35 Leapy Lee 47 Daily TV Thu 36 Sun 42 Fri 38 Mon 44 Sat 40 Tues 46 Wed 48 Time out 49 - 52 Classifieds 73 - 75 Sport 79 - 80 NEWS Hungry bunnies A PLAGUE of rabbits are attacking Elche crops. They are devouring growers’ pomegranates, broad beans, artichokes and cereals and cause annual losses of €50,000, the Carrizales cooperative said. Hospital bungle THE regional Health department must pay €80,000 to


Which Lincolnshire town on the River Trent was at one time England's most inland port being over 55 miles from the North Sea ?

Gainsborough, Lincolnshire | Familypedia | Fandom powered by Wikia River Trent and new Gainsborough Riverside developments King Alfred, Sweyn Forkbeard and Canute the Great Edit Gainsborough was one of the capital cities of Mercia during the Anglo-Saxon period, which had preceded Danish rule. It is understandable that the Viking kings would have been drawn to it as an administrative centre, being close to the Danish stronghold at Torksey . [3] In 868 King Alfred married Ealswitha , daughter of Aethelred Mucill, chief of the Gaini , whence the town gets its name. [4] [5] Historically, Gainsborough is the "capital that never was". Towards the end of July 1013, the Dane Sweyn Forkbeard , together with his son Canute, arrived in Gainsborough with an army of conquest. Sweyn defeated the Anglo-Saxon opposition and King Ethelred fled the country. Sweyn was declared King of England, and he returned to Gainsborough. Sweyn and Canute took up high office at the Gainsborough Castle (on the site of the present-day Old Hall), while his army occupied the camp at Thonock (today known as Castle Hills). [5] But King Sweyn was killed five weeks later when he was thrown from his horse in Gainsborough. His son Canute established a base elsewhere. King Canute may have performed his unsuccessful attempt to turn the tide back in the River Trent at Gainsborough. Historians believe he may have been demonstrating on the aegir , a tidal bore . He and his supporters may have known Gainsborough was the furthest reach of the aegir, and ideal for his demonstration. However the story was only written down a century later by Henry of Huntingdon , who gives no location, and may have been a myth or a fable. Medieval Gainsborough Edit The Domesday Book (1087) records that Gainsborough was exclusively a community of farmers , villeins and sokemen , tenants of Geoffrey de Guerche. The population was only about 80 people, of which about 70% were of Scandinavian descent. The Lindsey Survey of 1115-18 records that Gainsborough was then held by Nele d’Aubigny (known as Nigel the Black). He was the forebear of the Mowbray family, and the Mowbray interest in Gainsborough continued until at least the end of the 14th Century. A weekly market was granted by King John in 1204. Gainsborough Old Hall Edit Thomas Burgh acquired the manor of Gainsborough in 1455. He built Gainsborough Old Hall between 1460 and 1480, a large, 15th-century, timber-framed medieval strong house, and one of the best-preserved manor houses in Britain. It boasts a magnificent Great Hall and strong brick tower. King Richard III in 1483 and King Henry VIII in 1541 both stayed at the Old Hall. The manor was sold to the Hickman family in 1596. English Civil War Edit The town was garrisoned for the King in January 1643 and began co-operating with the garrison at Newark in raiding the surrounding countryside and harassing the Parliamentarians there. With the Great North Road blocked to Parliamentarian traffic, Gainsborough became significant as part of a route around Newark by way of Lincoln and the line of the modern A15 road . It was in the Royalists' interests to obstruct this, which gave rise to the battles of Gainsborough and Winceby . Parliament captured Gainsborough in the battle on 20 July but was immediately besieged by a large Royalist army and forced to surrender after three days. Parliament captured Gainsborough again on 18 December 1643, but was forced to withdraw in March 1644, razing the town's defences to prevent their use by the enemy. The Earl of Manchester’s army passed through Gainsborough in May 1644 on its way to York and the Battle of Marston Moor . After the Civil War ended in 1645, several people in Gainsborough were fined for their Royalist sympathies, including Sir Willoughby Hickman at the Old Hall, who had been created the first Baron Gainsborough by Charles I in 1643. [6] Churches Edit All Saints Church The first recorded evidence of a church at Gainsborough is in 1180, when the rectory there was granted by Roger de Talebu to the great Preceptory of the Knights Templar


Libreville is the capital of which African country ?

Libreville - definition of Libreville by The Free Dictionary Libreville - definition of Libreville by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Libreville Also found in: Thesaurus , Encyclopedia , Wikipedia . Related to Libreville: Luanda Li·bre·ville  (lē′brə-vĭl′, -vēl′) The capital and largest city of Gabon, in the northwest part of the country on the Gulf of Guinea. Founded as a French trading post in 1843, it was named Libreville after freed slaves settled there (1848). Libreville (French librəvil) n (Placename) the capital of Gabon, in the west on the estuary of the Gabon River: founded as a French trading post in 1843 and expanded with the settlement of freed slaves in 1848. Pop: 649 000 (2005 est) Li•bre•ville


In which 2006 film did Tom Hanks play a character called Robert Langdon, a professor of religous iconography ?

The Da Vinci Code (2006) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error The Da Vinci Code ( 2006 ) PG-13 | From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC A murder inside the Louvre and clues in Da Vinci paintings lead to the discovery of a religious mystery protected by a secret society for two thousand years -- which could shake the foundations of Christianity. Director: a list of 40 titles created 14 Mar 2011 a list of 28 titles created 23 Jun 2012 a list of 35 titles created 09 Jul 2012 a list of 33 titles created 10 Jan 2015 a list of 30 titles created 11 months ago Title: The Da Vinci Code (2006) 6.6/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for     1     Golden Globe. Another    6 wins & 21 nominations. See more awards  » Videos Harvard symbologist Robert Langdon works to solve a murder and prevent a terrorist act against the Vatican. Director: Ron Howard A FedEx executive must transform himself physically and emotionally to survive a crash landing on a deserted island. Director: Robert Zemeckis When Robert Langdon wakes up in an Italian hospital with amnesia, he teams up with Dr. Sienna Brooks, and together they must race across Europe against the clock to foil a deadly global plot. Director: Ron Howard An eastern immigrant finds himself stranded in JFK airport, and must take up temporary residence there. Director: Steven Spielberg NASA must devise a strategy to return Apollo 13 to Earth safely after the spacecraft undergoes massive internal damage putting the lives of the three astronauts on board in jeopardy. Director: Ron Howard The true story of Captain Richard Phillips and the 2009 hijacking by Somali pirates of the US-flagged MV Maersk Alabama, the first American cargo ship to be hijacked in two hundred years. Director: Paul Greengrass Daniel Ocean recruits one more team member so he can pull off three major European heists in this sequel to Ocean's 11. Director: Steven Soderbergh Captain Barbossa, Will Turner and Elizabeth Swann must sail off the edge of the map, navigate treachery and betrayal, find Jack Sparrow, and make their final alliances for one last decisive battle. Director: Gore Verbinski Detective Sherlock Holmes and his stalwart partner Watson engage in a battle of wits and brawn with a nemesis whose plot is a threat to all of England. Director: Guy Ritchie Danny Ocean and his eleven accomplices plan to rob three Las Vegas casinos simultaneously. Director: Steven Soderbergh Jack Sparrow races to recover the heart of Davy Jones to avoid enslaving his soul to Jones' service, as other friends and foes seek the heart for their own agenda as well. Director: Gore Verbinski A police officer joins a secret organization that polices and monitors extraterrestrial interactions on Earth. Director: Barry Sonnenfeld Edit Storyline Professor Robert Langdon is in Paris on business when he's summoned to The Louvre. A dead body has been found, setting Langdon off on an adventure as he attempts to unravel an ancient code and uncover the greatest mystery of all time. Written by comicfan Break The Codes See more  » Genres: Mystery  | Thriller Motion Picture Rating           ( MPAA ) Rated PG-13 for disturbing images, violence, some nudity, thematic material, brief drug references and sexual content | See all certifications  » Parents Guide: 19 May 2006 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: El código Da Vinci See more  » Filming Locations: £9,501,444        (UK) (19 May 2006) Gross: Did You Know? Trivia In the story, Robert Langdon's publisher is called Jonas Faukman. Jonas Faukman is an anagram of Dan Brown 's real life publisher, Jason Kaufman. See more » Goofs (at around 1h 3 mins) Teabing says that Jesus Christ was regarded as a human prophet until Constantine's party narrowly voted to deify Jesus in 323. In fact, Je


In which 1959 film did an opera singer called Claude Heater play Jesus Christ, but was not creedited as his face was never shown ?

Abbott & Costello « Reviews by Josmar Lopes December 26, 2016 Dracula (Bela Lugosi) hypnotizes Wilbur (Lou Costello) (rue-morgue.com) Back in 1948, when horror films had just about reached their peak of popularity after so many low-budget vehicles starring the likes of Dracula, the Wolf Man, the Frankenstein Monster, and the Mummy, Universal Pictures decided on a revival strategy of reuniting their patented movie monsters with their most successful comedy duo, Bud Abbott and Lou Costello. Thus, the engaging romp known as Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein came into being, and how thankful we are, too. Co-starring Bela Lugosi, Lon Chaney Jr., Lenore Aubert, Glenn Strange, Jane Randolph, Charles Bradstreet, Frank Ferguson, and the mellifluous voice of Vincent Price, this hilarious “creature feature” became Bud and Lou’s most financially lucrative venture. The plot involves two scatter-brained railway porters, Chick Young (Abbott) and Wilbur Gray (Costello), finding Count Dracula (Lugosi) and the Frankenstein Monster (Strange) alive and well and living (?) in the state of Florida. Dracula is intent on reviving the weakened Monster for his own fiendish purposes. Toward that end, he enlists the aid of sexy scientist Dr. Sandra Mornay (Aubert) as an all-too willing accomplice in his scheme. Their plan: to put Wilbur’s pliable brain into the Monster’s body (yikes!). Before this nightmare can take place, however, Wilbur is rescued by his pal Chick and the always-fidgety Lawrence Talbot (Chaney), who chooses that inopportune moment to transform into (you guessed it) the hirsute Wolf Man. Oh, and there’s a surprise “visit” by the Invisible Man (Price) at the end. Lou & Lon Chaney as the Wolf Man (ebay.com) Riotous farce with great special effects for the period (thanks to makeup artists Bud Westmore and Jack Kevan) amid the studio-bound sets, the film’s zany script underwent multiple changes to story line and plot, until finally arriving at a fairly pleasing balance between slapstick comedy and out-and-out horror. It may have sounded funny to their fans, but Costello himself remained dubious of its worth — until an added enticement of a $50,000 studio bonus made Louie see the “light,” so to speak. As a matter of fact, the opening animated sequence, where skeletal versions of Bud and Lou appear alongside cartoon silhouettes of the movie’s monsters and Dr. Mornay, as well as the scenes of Dracula’s amazing transformations into a bat (and vice versa), were all done by Walter Lantz, who was best known as the animator of Woody Woodpecker. The boys share a fine rapport with their guests — in particular Lugosi, who was nearing the end of his black caped career. It’s hard to tell if his pasty-faced countenance was due to makeup or his debilitating drug habit (well documented in Tim Burton’s equally worthy “biopic,” Ed Wood). The so-called rapport, unfortunately, was plainly one-sided. According to Charles Barton, who oversaw many of the boys’ Hollywood forays and was, by all accounts, Lou’s preferred director of mayhem, Lugosi was not at all amused by their on-set antics, which included all-night poker games, pie throwing, exploding cigars, practical jokes, improvised line readings, and general misbehavior and mischief. Bud & Lou exploring Dracula’s cellar (“Broom closet?” The appropriately eerie score by Frank Skinner, a hands-down favorite of movie fans, was reused innumerable times for Universal’s subsequent monster pix. Abbott and Costello regulars Bobby Barber and Joe Kirk (who was Costello’s brother-in-law, by the way) also appear in small bits. Film buffs should keep their ears cocked for Lou’s flubbing of a line (“I’m telling you, Abbott,” instead of “Chick”) as they search for Dracula in the cellar. Be sure to catch this one on Turner Classic Movies when it’s shown during Halloween. Our favorite scene from among so many comedic delights: a worried Chaney confesses to the boys that, when the full moon rises, he turns into a wolf. To which Costello innocently remarks, “You and twenty million other guys.” Chuckle, chuckle. (Laugh


Maddox, Zahara and Pax (adopted) and Shiloh, Knox and Vivienne (natural) are the children of which Hollywood actress ?

Growing family! Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt fly the WHOLE brood out of LA - Mirror Online Growing family! Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt fly the WHOLE brood out of LA The Brangelina clan are the picture of family bliss as they fly together from LAX Airport  Share Brad Pitt and Angelina departing on a flight with their kids Maddox, Pax, Zahara, Shiloh, Vivienne and Knox at LAX airport in Los Angeles, California (Photo: Flynet)  Share Get celebs updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email The Jolie-Pitt family are an impressive bunch aren't they? Hollywood royalty parents and six beautiful kids, they turn heads wherever they go. They certainly did as they departed on a flight from LAX Airport this week. Angelina Jolie and husband Brad Pitt accompanied their kids Maddox, Pax, Zahara, Shiloh, Vivienne and Knox at the California airport. Brad Pitt and Angelina departing on a flight with their kids Maddox, Pax, Zahara, Shiloh, Vivienne and Knox at LAX airport in Los Angeles, California (Photo: Flynet) Parents Angelina and Brad sported sunglasses and low-key casual outfits as they led their family pack through the terminal. The family recently celebrated mum Angelina's 40th birthday last week in a quiet affair at home, shunning any offers of a glossy-magazine-covered affair for treasured quality time behind closed doors. Angelina and Brad married just last year and rumours have been rife that the celebrity couple might adopt a child from Syria to add to their brood this summer. Brad Pitt and Angelina lead their kids (L-R): , Pax, Vivienne, Shiloh, Maddox, Knox and Zahara (Photo: Flynet) The Brangelina clan consists of three natural-born kids and three adopted children. Twins Vivienne and Knox were born in 2008 and Shiloh, who now wants to be known as 'John' and dresses in tomboy style, was born in 2006. Brad and Angelina have become well-known for adopting kids from around the world including Maddox from Cambodia (adopted in 2002), Pax from Vietnam (adopted in 2007) and Zahara from Ethopia (adopted in 2005). Most Read Most Recent Most Read Most Recent


Which 1988 action movie - the first in a series of five - was based on a novel called Nothing lasts forever by Roderick Thorpe ?

10 Movies Based On Mystery Novels You Might Not Know About Written by Mystery Sequels on October 9, 2013 · 7 Comments I love reading mystery novels, and I love watching action packed movies. I know that watching a good movie is a more popular past time than reading books, but did you know that many of the movies you’re watching are actually based on mystery novels? I have already listed 7 great mystery novels turned into movies , however the difference is that the books that sparked the creation of those movies are well know (e.g. Dan Brown’s Da Vinci Code). However there are some quite popular movies that you might not actually know that have been in fact made from previously written books, some real gems that are worth discovering if you like reading mystery novels. So just for your entertainment, here are 7 movies based on mystery novels that you might not even know about. 1. Die Hard With Bruce Willis Did you know that the first movie in the Die Hard series (made back in 1988) is actually based on a book? The novel is called Nothing Lasts Forever by Roderick Thorpe. It was first published in 1979 and it was in fact the second part in a series (the first novel in the series is called The Detective and it was first released in 1968). The movie adaptation is a bit different from the movie in that the main character is younger here, the names are different as well. In the book we’re talking about an  older ex-cop named Joe Leland, while we know that Die Hard has John McLane as main character. 2. Rambo: First Blood With Sylvester Stallone Even if you’re not so ‘old’, I’m sure you’ve at least heard of the Rambo series with Sylvester Stallone. Or you might have even watched them. Granted, they’re a bit ‘dated’, but I do remember having watched them back in the day and yes, Stallone was my hero for quite some time, lol. The movie Rambo: First Blood was actually made from First Blood by David Morrell. Back in the day I used to love David Morrell’s books, I think I’ve read all of them, including probably the book that is the most popular all around, The Brotherhood Of The Rose. In fact did you know that First Blood was actually David Morrell’s debut novel, published back in 1972? 3. Drive With Ryan Gosling The movie Drive is quite new (2011) and it features Ryan Gosling as main character. It is a really good one, I enjoyed watching it. However many people don’t know that it was also based Drive (same title book as the movie) written by James Sallis, which is the first in the Drive mystery series (the second novel, Driven, was published in 2012). If you haven’t watched the movie, is worth checking out, and so it is the book series, I quite recommend it. 4. Goodfellas With Robert de Niro, Ray Liotta And Joe Pesci Goodfellas is a very well known movie with anyone who enjoys anything related to Mafia – or loves watching movies with any of the actors playing this one. I admit, I’m not a huge mafia movie lover, but hubby is, so I watched it once with him when I had nothing better to do. It was good, but alas, not my type. The book that sparked this movie is called Wiseguy: Life in a Mafia Family and it was written by Nicholas Pillegi in 1986. The book author was the one who adapted the novel to the big cinema screen. The book, btw, is a nonfiction story about  life of mobster turned FBI informant Henry Hill.  5. Paranoia With Harrison Ford Paranoia is a movie I want to see, but haven’t gotten the chance to do it. It was released quite recently, in fact, in August this year. I’ll probably make it around this Christmas when I have some time and the movie comes out in DVD. I love Harrison Ford, have enjoyed watching his movies ever since I saw The Patriot years ago, and I expect this movie to be equally awesome. I think it comes out on DVD around November this year. But did you know that it is, in fact, made from a book called Paranoia by Joseph Finder? The book was written in 2004 and if you like spy thrillers, you’ll definitely enjoy this one. 6. The Company You Keep With Robert Redford Robert Redford is another actor that I highly r


Which fairytale character did the Spanish actor Antonio Banderas voice in the Shrek sequels ?

Puss in Boots 2 Shrek Rumor: Mike Myers to Return? Rumor: Shrek Could Return in ‘Puss in Boots 2’ Posted on Monday, March 30th, 2015 by Angie Han It seems every other beloved fairy tale character is making their way back to the big screen, so why not Shrek? Actor Antonio Banderas hints that the not-so-jolly green giant might be back for Puss in Boots 2: Nine Lives and 40 Thieves, currently in development at Fox. More on the possible Puss in Boots 2 Shrek return after the jump.  Banderas offered up this juicy little rumor during an appearance on the Empire podcast: I heard some rumors that Shrek may be coming back. That would be great. [Slips into Puss in Boots voice.] Shrek doing a cameo in my movie. Uh huh! [Laughs, returns to normal voice.] I would like that. The character of Puss in Boots made his first appearance in 2004’s Shrek 2. He proved popular enough to get his own Shrek-free spinoff movie in 2011. Additionally, he debuted his own TV series this year on Netflix, titled The Adventures of Puss in Boots — though it’s Eric Bauza, not Banderas, voicing the title character in that one. Shrek himself hasn’t been seen on the big screen since 2010’s Shrek Forever After, which was billed as “the final chapter” in his story. However, based on Banderas’ comments it seems the powers that be realized there’s still a little more story to tell. Or, more accurately, still a little more money to be made. If Shrek does return, we can probably assume he’ll be voiced once again by Mike Myers. Puss in Boots 2: Nine Lives and 40 Thieves has been in the works for years already, but as Banderas points out a lengthy process isn’t abnormal for an animated feature: The process with these movies is way longer than people think. A lot of people gotta participate in the creation of the script and story and narrative, everything. […] So we are in the process. […] They are now restructuring everything and probably by the end of the year we are going to start just laying down the tracks, the new recording. It’s going to take a while. It’ll take probably a couple of years just to get the movie done. Hopefully they find some time in those couple of years to come up with a less unwieldy title. If you’d like to hear Banderas’ comments for yourself, in full, check out the latest episode of the Empire podcast on iTunes. The Shrek talk begins around the 23-minute mark. Puss in Boots 2: Nine Lives and 40 Thieves does not yet have a release date. Cool Posts From Around the Web:


Of the five Marx brothers who appeared on film, who was the oldest ?

Duck Soup (1933) - IMDb IMDb 13 January 2017 5:53 PM, UTC NEWS There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Rufus T. Firefly is named president/dictator of bankrupt Freedonia and declares war on neighboring Sylvania over the love of wealthy Mrs. Teasdale. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 25 titles created 03 Mar 2013 a list of 28 titles created 27 Apr 2014 a list of 31 titles created 15 Mar 2015 a list of 33 titles created 16 Jun 2015 a list of 22 titles created 1 month ago Search for " Duck Soup " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. 2 wins & 1 nomination. See more awards  » Photos A sly business manager and two wacky friends of two opera singers help them achieve success while humiliating their stuffy and snobbish enemies. Directors: Sam Wood, Edmund Goulding Stars: Groucho Marx, Chico Marx, Harpo Marx Mayhem and zaniness ensue when a valuable painting goes missing during a party in honor of famed African explorer Captain Spaulding. Director: Victor Heerman Quincy Adams Wagstaff, the new president of Huxley University, hires bumblers Baravelli and Pinky to help his school win the big football game against rival Darwin University. Director: Norman Z. McLeod On a transatlantic crossing, the Marx brothers get up to their usual antics and manage to annoy just about everyone on board the ship. Director: Norman Z. McLeod A veterinarian posing as a doctor, a race-horse owner and his friends struggle to help keep a sanitarium open with the help of a misfit race-horse. Director: Sam Wood During the Florida land boom, the Marx brothers run a hotel, auction off some land, thwart a jewel robbery, and generally act like themselves. Directors: Robert Florey, Joseph Santley Stars: Groucho Marx, Harpo Marx, Chico Marx The Marx Brothers come to the rescue in the Wild West when a young man, trying to settle an old family feud so he can marry the girl he loves, runs afoul of crooks. Director: Edward Buzzell The Marx Brothers try to help the owner of a circus recover some stolen funds before he finds himself out of a job. Director: Edward Buzzell The Marx Brothers are employed at a hotel in postwar Casablanca, where a ring of Nazis is trying to recover a cache of stolen treasure. Director: Archie Mayo A detective is hired to protect the life of a singer, who has recently inherited a department store, from the store's crooked manager. Director: Charles Reisner A penniless theatrical producer must outwit the hotel efficiency expert trying to evict him from his room, while securing a backer for his new play. Director: William A. Seiter     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8/10 X   A film crew goes to a tropical island for an exotic location shoot and discovers a colossal giant gorilla who takes a shine to their female blonde star. He is then captured and brought back to New York City for public exhibition. Directors: Merian C. Cooper, Ernest B. Schoedsack Stars: Fay Wray, Robert Armstrong, Bruce Cabot Edit Storyline The small state of Freedonia is in a financial mess, borrowing a huge sum of cash from wealthy widow Mrs. Teasdale. She insists on replacing the current president with crazy Rufus T. Firefly and mayhem erupts. To make matters worse, the neighboring state sends inept spies Chicolini and Pinky to obtain top secret information, creating even more chaos! Written by Col Needham <col@imdb.com> See All (155)  » Taglines: War Is Swell ...when the Marx Brothers are in it. They'll be out of the trenches by Christmas...if the food doesn't improve Genres: 17 November 1933 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: Mono (Western Electric Noiseless Recording) Color: Groucho Marx attributed the film's strong satire on war to director Leo McCarey . See more » Goofs When they meet, Mrs. Teasdale holds Firefly's right hand while he holds the c


Who was crowned Queen of England at Westminister Abbey on this day in 1553 ?

Queen Mary I | Britroyals Event 1553 Lady Jane Grey is proclaimed Queen by her father-in-law The Duke of Northumberland. After nine days, Mary arrives in London, Lady Jane Grey is arrested, and Mary is crowned Queen. 1554 After Mary declares her intention to marry Philip of Spain, Sir Thomas Wyatt leads a revolt to depose her. 1554 Wyatt�s rebellion is crushed. Sir Thomas Wyatt, Lady Jane Grey, and her husband are executed. 1554 Mary's half-sister Princess Elizabeth is sent to the Tower of London on suspicion of involvement in Wyatt's rebellion 1554 Mary marries Philip of Spain heir to the Spanish throne. 1554 Four months after Mary's accession, Parliament meets to re-establish Catholicism in England 1554 The persecution of Protestants begins, the heresy laws are revived, and England is reconciled to Papal authority. 1555 Protestant bishops are burned at the stake for heresy. 1555 Princess Elizabeth (later Elizabeth I) is released from the Tower of London 1556 Cardinal Reginald Pole is appointed Archbishop of Canterbury. 1556 Thomas Cranmer, former Archbishop of Canterbury, is burned at the stake for heresy. 1556 Philip becomes King Philip II of Spain; he leaves England, never to return 1557 Philip II persuades Mary to declare war on France as an ally of Spain. 1558 Port of Calais, the last English possession in France, is captured by the French. 1558


In which modern day country is the Sudetenlan, annexed by Nazi Germany on this day in 1938 ?

Munich Conference and the Annexation of Sudetenland | World War II Database World War II Database » Munich Conference and the Annexation of Sudetenland Munich Conference and the Annexation of Sudetenland 29 Sep 1938 - 10 Oct 1938 Contributor: C. Peter Chen ww2dbaseThe successful annexation of Austria fueled Adolf Hitler's ambition, and he looked on to the German-populated regions of western Czechoslovakia, a region which the Germans called Sudetenland. As early as 1933, Nazi Party members such as Konrad Henlein had already infiltrated the political scene in Czechoslovakia, stirring trouble. On 19 May 1935, Henlein's Sudetendeutsche Partei won three out of every five German Czech's vote, creating the second largest political party in Czechoslovakia. Starting in 1938, the Nazi propaganda machine fabricated false stories of the three million ethnic Germans being oppressed in Czechoslovakia, and demanded to gain control of these lands. Meanwhile, British ambassador to Berlin Sir Nevile Henderson did little to help. In fact, he did the opposite, calling the highly educated Czech president Edvard Beneï¿½ "pigheaded" for leading his country to resist Nazi infiltration. ww2dbaseCzechoslovakia partially mobilized its military on 20 May 1938 as a response. "It is my unalterable decision to smash Czechoslovakia by military action in the near future", Hitler said to his military advisors upon hearing the news of the Czechoslovakian mobilization. The threat, however, came at a great risk that Hitler was well aware of. Unlike Austria who lacked powerful allies, Czechoslovakia befriended Britain and France in the west and the Soviet Union in the east. The three powers had a keen interest in Czechoslovakia, for that she controls a series of strong fortifications that, if fallen, would open the gates wide toward the Balkans. The French fielded 100 divisions, and should Germany move against Czechoslovakia, there would had been only 12 divisions to defend the Franco-German border. Hitler knew that if a military conflict was to break out between Germany and Czechoslovakia, there would be a real danger of a war on two fronts, with a weak defensive line against the numerically superior French Army. Even the Czechoslovakian Army, which Hitler thought little of, had 30 divisions in reserve after full mobilization. Within the German Army itself, Hitler did not have unilateral support either. Erich von Manstein, for one, thought the move to be too daring. "[H]ad Czechoslovakia defended her self, we would have been held up by her fortifications," he said, "for we did not have the means to break through." In secret, some German Army leaders such as Franz Halder were organizing a revolt should Hitler come too close to plunging Germany into a war with Britain and France, a situation that was unwinnable according to the generals. ww2dbaseWhat fueled Hitler in moving forth with the gamble was the appeasement sentiment from the top political leadership in the United Kingdom and France. As the political situation grew tense into Sep 1938, France, for example, went as far as demanding Czechoslovakia to cede the territory to Germany, otherwise France would not honor the mutual protection treaty that they had previously signed. ww2dbaseOn 28 Sep 1938, Chamberlain convinced Hitler to host a multi-power conference to determine the Sudetenland issue. As Hitler barred Czechoslovakian representation to this meeting, Chamberlain cabled Beneï¿½, promising that the United Kingdom had Czechoslovakia's best interest in mind; upon hearing this, Czechoslovakian Foreign Minister Jan Masaryk responded "If you have sacrificed my nation to preserve the peace of the world, I will be the first to applaud you. But if not, gentlemen, god save your souls." ww2dbaseThe conference took place beginning on 29 Sep at the Fï¿½hrerhaus in Kï¿½nigsplatz in Munich, Germany. Prior to the meeting, Hitler and Italian leader Benito Mussolini met to devise a common strategy; Chamberlain and French leader Daladier did no such thing. Once the meeting began, the four leader


Which former US President will be celebrating his 89th birthday today ?

The World Today - Former world leaders unite to create council of elders More Current Affairs: Transcript This is a transcript from The World Today. The program is broadcast around Australia at 12:10pm on ABC Local Radio. You can also listen to the story in REAL AUDIO and WINDOWS MEDIA and MP3 formats. Former world leaders unite to create council of elders The World Today - Thursday, 19 July , 2007  12:34:00 Reporter: David Mark ELEANOR HALL: South Africa's former president, Nelson Mandela, has celebrated his 89th birthday by launching a global council of senior statesmen to help solve the world's problems. The council called 'The Elders' will work on tackling AIDS, poverty, international crime and other pressing global issues. It's the brainchild of billionaire businessman Richard Branson and musician Peter Gabriel. And The Elders involved include the former secretary general of the United Nations, Kofi Annan, and the former US president, Jimmy Carter. David Mark reports. DAVID MARK: Most people solve the world's problems with some old friends and a good bottle of wine over dinner. But when Nelson Mandela brings his old friends together, there is a chance they might make a bit more progress than the average dinner party. The former South African president brought together a who's who of international statesmen and women overnight to help celebrate his 89th birthday and embark on a global humanitarian mission. (Sound of guests singing happy birthday) Joining the man they call 'Mandiba' in Johannesburg was Kofi Annan, Jimmy Carter, the former Irish president Mary Robinson and Archbishop Desmond Tutu, who explained the thinking behind the new council known simply as "The Elders". DESMOND TUTU: In traditional societies, it was the elders of the village who were trusted to resolve conflicts and provide wise guidance. Today we live in a global village, yet we don't have our global elders to lead and inspire. DAVID MARK: Nelson Mandela. NELSON MANDELA: I am confident that The Elders can become a real role model, leading, guiding, The Elders can speak freely and boldly. (Sound of applause) DAVID MARK: The former US president, Jimmy Carter, is confident the lack of a political imperative will give The Elders the ability to achieve more than those in elected office. JIMMY CARTER: With no adverse political consequences and prospect of criticism from constituency or seeking public office, we will be able to risk failure in worthy causes, and we will not need to claim credit for any successes that might be achieved. DAVID MARK: The former UN secretary general, Kofi Annan, explained the group's goals. KOFI ANNAN: We all need to come together and work across national boundaries and deal with these problems, and I'm referring to problems of poverty, environmental degradation, infectious diseases, internationally organised crime, weapons of mass destruction, and I can go on. DAVID MARK: The idea for the group comes from the British businessman Richard Branson and the musician Peter Gabriel, who sang this song about another anti-apartheid activist, Steven Biko, at last night's launch. PETER GABRIEL (singing): Biko, Biko, Biko, Biko (sound of people clapping along). Oh Biko � DAVID MARK: It's unclear how The Elders will succeed in solving some of the world's great problems where the UN and a myriad of other organisations have failed, but Nelson Mandela is confident the wisdom of his friends can help. NELSON MANDELA: Using their collective experience, their moral courage and their ability to rise above the parochial concerns of nation, erase and create, they can help and make our planet a more peaceful, healthy and equitable place to live. DAVID MARK: Nelson Mandela continued his birthday later in the day with a celebrity soccer match. One of the world's greatest players, Brazil's Pele, led a group of 50 players in an Africa versus the Rest of World match labelled as '90 minutes for Mandela'. (Sound of people cheering) The match was played on Robben Island, where Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for 27 years. And the result of the match: befi


On October 1st of which year did Ford put its first Model T on sale ? Was it 1898, 1908 or 1918 ?

Ford Motor Company unveils the Model T - Oct 01, 1908 - HISTORY.com Ford Motor Company unveils the Model T Share this: Ford Motor Company unveils the Model T Author Ford Motor Company unveils the Model T URL Publisher A+E Networks On October 1, 1908, the first production Model T Ford is completed at the company’s Piquette Avenue plant in Detroit. Between 1908 and 1927, Ford would build some 15 million Model T cars. It was the longest production run of any automobile model in history until the Volkswagen Beetle surpassed it in 1972. Before the Model T, cars were a luxury item: At the beginning of 1908, there were fewer than 200,000 on the road. Though the Model T was fairly expensive at first (the cheapest one initially cost $825, or about $18,000 in today’s dollars), it was built for ordinary people to drive every day. It had a 22-horsepower, four-cylinder engine and was made of a new kind of heat-treated steel, pioneered by French race car makers, that made it lighter (it weighed just 1,200 pounds) and stronger than its predecessors had been. It could go as fast as 40 miles per hour and could run on gasoline or hemp-based fuel. (When oil prices dropped in the early 20th century, making gasoline more affordable, Ford phased out the hemp option.)  “No car under $2,000 offers more,” ads crowed, “and no car over $2,000 offers more except the trimmings.” Ford kept prices low by sticking to a single product. By building just one model, for example, the company’s engineers could develop a system of interchangeable parts that reduced waste, saved time and made it easy for unskilled workers to assemble the cars. By 1914, the moving assembly line made it possible to produce thousands of cars every week and by 1924, workers at the River Rouge Ford plant in Dearborn, Michigan could cast more than 10,000 Model T cylinder blocks in a day. But by the 1920s, many Americans wanted more than just a sturdy, affordable car. They wanted style (for many years, the Model T famously came in just one color: black), speed and luxury too. As tastes changed, the era of the Model T came to an end and the last one rolled off the assembly line on May 26, 1927. Related Videos


The first Japanese bullettrain ran on October 1st 1964 between Tokyo and which other city ?

World’s First Bullet Train Turns 50 World’s First Bullet Train Turns 50 Yahoo Tech• (Associated Press) It was, retired Japanese railway engineer Fumihiro Araki recalls, “like flying in the sky.” Zipping cross-country in a super-high-speed train has become commonplace in many countries these days, but it was unheard of when Japan launched its bullet train between Tokyo and Osaka 50 years ago Wednesday. The Shinkansen, as it’s called in Japan, gave a boost to train travel in Europe and Asia at a time when the rise of the automobile and the airplane threatened to eclipse it. It also was a symbol of pride for Japan, less than two decades after the end of World War II, and a precursor of the economic “miracle” to come. The Oct. 1, 1964, inauguration ceremony was re-enacted at Tokyo Station on Wednesday at 6 a.m., complete with ribbon cutting. The first bullet train, with its almost cute bulbous round nose, traveled from Tokyo to Osaka in four hours, shaving two and a half hours off the 513-kilometer (319-mile) journey. The latest model, with a space-age-like elongated nose, takes just two hours and 25 minutes. Araki, now 73, drove the Shinkansen briefly in the summer of 1967 as part of his training as a railway operations engineer. Last week, he slipped back in time as he sat in the driver’s seat of one of the early model bullet trains at a railway museum outside of Tokyo. He pulled a lever on the control panel, looking straight ahead as he was trained, though all he could see were other museum exhibits. (Associated Press) “It was like flying in the sky; it was that kind of feeling,” said Araki, the acting director of the museum. “On a clear day, you could see Mount Fuji, and riding atop the railway bridge at Hamanako Lake was very pleasant. It felt like you were sailing above the sea.” A controversial project Japan started building a high-speed line during World War II, but construction was halted in 1943 as funds ran out. The idea was revived in the 1950s, but many questioned undertaking such a costly project, particularly with the expansion of air travel and highways. Criticism turned to pride when construction, financed partly by an $80 million World Bank loan, was completed in time for the Tokyo Olympics in October 1964. (Associated Press) How fast? The first Shinkansen had a maximum speed of 210 kilometers (130 miles) per hour. The fastest trains previously, in Europe, could reach 160 kph. Today’s bullet trains, in Japan and elsewhere, have reached and in some cases exceeded 300 kph (186 mph). By average speed, China has the fastest train in the world, averaging 284 kph on a route between Shijiazhuang and Zhengzhou, according to a biennial World Speed Survey by Railway Gazette. Read More Europe, Asia, but not the U.S. The Shinkansen renewed interest in high-speed rail elsewhere, notably in Europe. France and Spain are among the leaders in Europe, and Turkey last year became the ninth country to operate a train at an average speed of 200 kph, according to Railway Gazette. South Korea and Taiwan also operate high-speed systems in Asia. The United States is an exception, though there are proposals to build lines in California and Texas. The fastest train in the U.S., Amtrak’s Acela Express, averages 169 kph (105 mph) on a short stretch between Baltimore and Wilmington, Delaware, the speed survey says. (Associated Press) What’s next? Magnetic levitation. Shanghai launched a German-built maglev train in 2004 on a 30-kilometer route between the city and the airport. It can hit 430 kph (267 mph). A Japanese maglev train in development has topped 500 kph (310 mph) in tests. If built, it could reduce the travel time between Tokyo and Osaka to just over one hour. With speed, though, some of the romance is lost. A faster Shinkansen has eliminated its dining car. “The problem is that Japan is such a small country,” said Araki, the retired engineer. “If you go too fast, you’ll get there in no time. No time to enjoy an onboard meal.” Associated Press writer Noriko Kitano contributed.


Keith Duffy, who celebrates his 39th birthday today, was a founder ember of which band in 1994 ?

Westlife joins celebrity friends at funeral of father-of-five radio presenter Gerry Ryan | Daily Mail Online Broadcaster and father-of-five Gerry Ryan was warmly remembered yesterday as a textbook super-dad and motormouth DJ too bright for this world. He endeared himself to thousands of listeners as the voice of Irish radio But it was his celebrity friends who summed up ‘the big man’ best when they paid tribute to Gerry Ryan at his funeral yesterday. Irish president Mary McAleese, a friend after lecturing Ryan in Trinity College and working in RTE, former Taoiseach Albert Reynolds, designer John Rocha and pop group Westlife were among dozens of high-profile mourners. Boy band: Westlife's Shane Filan, Mark Feehily, Kian Egan and Nicky Byrne, left to right, at the funeral of Irish broadcaster Gerry Ryan in St John the Baptist church Clontarf, Dublin Other celebrity pals who turned up to pay tribute included Boyzone’s Keith Duffy his wife Lisa, and Yvonne Keating the wife of Boyzone's Ronan Keating. Westlife’s Shane, Kian, Nicky and Mark all arrived moments before the ceremony in a blacked out van and quickly entered the church in preparation for their moving rendition of ‘Your Raise me Up’ which they sung at the end of the ceremony. The pop group gave their tribute in song, performing You Raise Me Up with members of the gospel choir. U2, Ryan's favourite group who he supported throughout their career, sent a message from New York. 'Calling from New York on the Ryan Line, Ryan Line still open,' said lead singer Bono before the band performed their track With Or Without You. 'Goodbye Gerry, see you down the road,' the frontman said. Big loss: Ryan's coffin, inscribed with a quote from the movie 2001 A Space Odyssey is carried from the church by his brother Mick, left, and his son Elliot, second right Ryan, 53, was found dead in his Dublin apartment on April 30. He had lived there since splitting from his wife Morah in 2008. Hundreds of fans stood in silence outside on the narrow north Dublin road as Ryan's five children and ex-wife Morah brought him back to the little chapel where the 53-year-old was baptised and married. Eldest daughter Lottie, 23, was first to tell St John the Baptist Church, Clontarf of the family's pride at being part of the broadcaster's life. Lottie said: 'Where can we begin to describe a man that the nation already seems to know so well? One of the best broadcasters: RTE presenter Gerry Ryan was found dead in his Dublin apartment at the age of 53 'You all knew Gerry Ryan as the motormouth broadcaster, but obviously what we're more familiar with is him as our loving dad and as our dad he was pretty much a textbook super-dad.' Although unable to attend the funeral, Radio 2 breakfast show host Chris Evans paid tribute to Ryan on his Twitter page. 'Absolutely one of the best broadcasters in the world, fabulous, fabulous communicator, very sad to hear he has left us. He really was the cream of our radio crop,' Evans wrote. He added: 'GR was the radio genius I wrote of in my book, who made me want to go back to work again - tributes all over - quite right too.' In a fitting nod to the broadcaster’s natural affinity to reach out to every single one of his 300,000 listeners, many of his RTE (Ireland's National Television and Radio Broadcaster) colleagues mingled with the crowd after the ceremony and shared in their grief. Fellow Irish broadcasters Pat Kenny, Ryan Tubridy, and Joe Duffy all spoke and shook hands with sympathisers as they made their way into and out of St John the Baptist Church in Clontarf yesterday. Greeting fans afterwards, Kenny said he thought the ceremony had ‘done Gerry proud.’ He told the Mail: ‘He would have loved that ceremony, as I said he was not anticipating just spectating and enjoying every minute of it. ‘I thought it was a wonderful way to celebrate Gerry and his passing, we felt his presence,’ he added. And he said what he’ll miss most about his colleague, is their private tete a tetes over the partition in work every morning: He said: ‘I’ll just miss those moments; he and I wo


Which chemical element, Atomic Number 17, gets its name from the Greek word for green ?

Chemical Element: chlorine - Word Information Chemical Element: chlorine (Greek: chloros, grass-green; a reference to the color of the gas which tends to be greenish-yellow; gas) Chemical-Element Information Atomic number: 17 Year discovered: 1774 or 1810 Discovered by: Karl Wilhelm Scheele (1742-1786), a Swedish chemist, and credit is given to Sir Humphry Davy for showing that chlorine was an element not an oxygen compound. Karl Wilhelm Scheele discovered many simple compounds from plants and animals, to say nothing of such poisonous gases as hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen cyanide. Scheele was also involved in the discovery of a number of elements, though he never managed to get undisputed credit for a single one of them. By 1774, he had done most of the preliminary work that led to the discovery of the element manganese. His friend, the Swedish mineralogist Johan Gottlieb Gahn (1745-1818); however, completed the final step and got credit for the discovery. Again, in 1774, Scheele isolated the gas chlorine, which was unusual in that it was not colorless. Chlorine is greenish-yellow and its name is derived from the Greek word for “green”. Scheele’s problem was that he didn’t recognize chlorine to be an element because he thought it was a combination of some substance with oxygen. Since Scheele thought the resulting gas contained oxygen, Sir Humphry Davy proposed and confirmed chlorine to be an element in 1810, and he also named the element. Scheele obtained chlorine through the reaction of the mineral pyrolusite (manganese dioxide) with hydrochloric acid (then known as muriatic acid). Davy had worked with hydrochloric acid (a strong acid) and he showed that it contained no oxygen. This was the final blow to the general assumption that oxygen was essential to acids. Hydrochloric acid did contain chlorine, and Scheele thought chlorine was an oxygen-containing compound. In 1810, Davy showed this was not true, and that chlorine was an element. For this reason, Davy, rather than Scheele usually receives credit for the discovery of chlorine. Name in other languages:


Which geological epoch started about 12,000 years ago at the end of the Pleistocene, and continues to this day ?

Holocene Epoch | Geology Page Holocene Epoch tweet The Holocene is a geological epoch which began at the end of the Pleistocene (at 11,700 calendar years BP)  and continues to the present. The Holocene is part of the Quaternary period. Its name comes from the Greek words ὅλος (holos, whole or entire) and καινός (kainos, new), meaning “entirely recent”. It has been identified with the current warm period, known as MIS 1 and based on that past evidence, can be considered an interglacial in the current ice age. The Holocene also encompasses within it the growth and impacts of the human species world-wide, including all its written history and overall significant transition toward urban living in the present. Human impacts of the modern era on the Earth and its ecosystems may be considered of global significance for future evolution of living species, including approximately synchronous lithospheric evidence, or more recently atmospheric evidence of human impacts. Given these, a new term Anthropocene, is specifically proposed and used informally only for the very latest part of modern history and of significant human impact since the epoch of the Neolithic Revolution (around 12,000 years BP). Overview It is accepted by the International Commission on Stratigraphy that the Holocene started approximately 11,700 years BP (before present). The period follows the last glacial period (regionally known as the Wisconsinan Glacial Period, the Baltic-Scandinavian Ice Age, or the Weichsel glacial). The Holocene can be subdivided into five time intervals, or chronozones, based on climatic fluctuations: Preboreal (10 ka – 9 ka), Boreal (9 ka – 8 ka), Atlantic (8 ka – 5 ka), Subboreal (5 ka – 2.5 ka) and Subatlantic (2.5 ka – present).     Note: “ka” means “thousand years” (non-calibrated C14 dates) The Blytt-Sernander classification of climatic periods defined, initially, by plant remains in peat mosses, is now being explored currently by geologists working in different regions studying sea levels, peat bogs and ice core samples by a variety of methods, with a view toward further verifying and refining the Blytt-Sernander sequence. They find a general correspondence across Eurasia and North America, though the method was once thought to be of no interest. The scheme was defined for Northern Europe, but the climate changes were claimed to occur more widely. The periods of the scheme include a few of the final pre-Holocene oscillations of the last glacial period and then classify climates of more recent prehistory. Paleontologists have defined no faunal stages for the Holocene. If subdivision is necessary, periods of human technological development, such as the Mesolithic, Neolithic, and Bronze Age, are usually used. However, the time periods referenced by these terms vary with the emergence of those technologies in different parts of the world. Climatically, the Holocene may be divided evenly into the Hypsithermal and Neoglacial periods; the boundary coincides with the start of the Bronze Age in European civilization. According to some scholars, a third division, the Anthropocene, began in the 18th century. Geology Holocene cinder cone volcano on State Highway 18 near Veyo, Utah © Wilson44691 Continental motions due to plate tectonics are less than a kilometre over a span of only 10,000 years. However, ice melt caused world sea levels to rise about 35 m (115 ft) in the early part of the Holocene. In addition, many areas above about 40 degrees north latitude had been depressed by the weight of the Pleistocene glaciers and rose as much as 180 m (590 ft) due to post-glacial rebound over the late Pleistocene and Holocene, and are still rising today. The sea level rise and temporary land depression allowed temporary marine incursions into areas that are now far from the sea. Holocene marine fossils are known from Vermont, Quebec, Ontario, Maine, New Hampshire, and Michigan. Other than higher-latitude temporary marine incursions associated with glacial depression, Holocene fossils are found primarily in lakebed, floodplain, and cave deposits. H


In geometry, which unit is defined as being equal to the angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc equal in length to the radius ?

Radian dictionary definition | radian defined Use radian in a sentence the basic unit of plane angle in the SI system, equal to 57° 17? 44.8? (57.29578°, the angle formed at the center of a circle by two radii cutting off an arc whose length is equal to the radius of the circle): one degree equals 0.017454 radian and 360 degrees equals 2? radians: abbrev. rad Origin of radian


Which painful condition is caused by the deposition of urates or uric acid into the joints of the body, most commonly in the big toe ?

Uric acid crystal deposition in joint | definition of Uric acid crystal deposition in joint by Medical dictionary Uric acid crystal deposition in joint | definition of Uric acid crystal deposition in joint by Medical dictionary http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Uric+acid+crystal+deposition+in+joint   Definition Gout is a form of acute arthritis that causes severe pain and swelling in the joints. It most commonly affects the big toe, but may also affect the heel, ankle, hand, wrist, or elbow. It affects the spine often enough to be a factor in back pain. Gout usually comes on suddenly, goes away after 5-10 days, and can keep recurring. Gout is different from other forms of arthritis because it occurs when there are high levels of uric acid circulating in the blood, which can cause urate crystals to settle in the tissues of the joints. Description Uric acid, which is found naturally in the blood stream, is formed as the body breaks down waste products, mainly those containing purine, a substance that is produced by the body and is also found in high concentrations in some foods, including brains, liver, sardines, anchovies, and dried peas and beans. Normally, the kidneys filter uric acid out of the blood and excrete it in the urine. Sometimes, however, the body produces too much uric acid or the kidneys aren't efficient enough at filtering it from the blood, and it builds up in the blood stream, a condition known as hyperuricemia. A person's susceptibility to gout may increase because of the inheritance of certain genes or from being overweight and eating a rich diet. In some cases, another disease (such as lymphoma, leukemia, or hemolytic anemia ) may be the underlying cause of the uric acid buildup that results in gout. An additional factor is occupational or environmental; it is now known that chronic exposure to high levels of lead decreases the body's excretion of urates, allowing uric acid to accumulate in the blood. Hyperuricemia doesn't always cause gout. Over the course of years, however, sharp urate crystals build up in the synovial fluid of the joints. Often, some precipitating event, such as an infection, surgery, the stress of hospitalization, a stubbed toe, or even a heavy drinking binge can cause inflammation. White blood cells, mistaking the urate crystals for a foreign invader, flood into the joint and surround the crystals, causing inflammation—in other words, the redness, swelling, and pain that are the hallmarks of a gout attack. Causes and symptoms As a result of high levels of uric acid in the blood, needle-like urate crystals gradually accumulate in the joints. Urate crystals may be present in the joint for a long time without causing symptoms. Infection, injury to the joint, surgery, drinking too much, or eating the wrong kinds of foods may suddenly bring on the symptoms, which include pain, tenderness, redness, warmth, and swelling of the joint. In many cases, the gout attack begins in the middle of the night. The pain is often so excruciating that the sufferer cannot bear weight on the joint or tolerate the pressure of bedcovers. The inflamed skin over the joint may be red, shiny, and dry, and the inflammation may be accompanied by a mild fever . These symptoms may go away in about a week and disappear for months or years at a time. However, over the course of time, attacks of gout recur more and more frequently, last longer, and affect more joints. Eventually, stone-like deposits known as tophi may build up in the joints, ligaments, and tendons, leading to permanent joint deformity and decreased motion. (In addition to causing the tophi associated with gout, hyperuricemia can also cause kidney stones , also called renal calculi or uroliths.) Gout affects an estimated one million Americans; according to the National Institutes of Health, it accounts for about 5% of all cases of arthritis. It occurs more often in men than in women; the sex ratio is about 4:1. Uric-acid levels tend to increase in men at puberty , and, because it takes 20 years of hyperuricemia to cause gout symptoms, m


Which city was awarded the 2020 Summer Olympics last month, beating Istanbul and Madrid ?

Tokyo Will Host The 2020 Summer Olympics, Beating Out Istanbul : The Two-Way : NPR Tokyo Will Host The 2020 Summer Olympics, Beating Out Istanbul Tokyo will host the 2020 Summer Games, IOC officials said Saturday. In Tokyo, five-time Paralympian Wakako Tsuchida, left, and former Olympic athletes Hiromi Miyake, center, and Yoshiyuki Miyake cheer the news. Atsushi Tomura/Getty Images hide caption toggle caption Atsushi Tomura/Getty Images Tokyo will host the 2020 Summer Games, IOC officials said Saturday. In Tokyo, five-time Paralympian Wakako Tsuchida, left, and former Olympic athletes Hiromi Miyake, center, and Yoshiyuki Miyake cheer the news. Atsushi Tomura/Getty Images It will be Tokyo, not Istanbul or Madrid, who hosts the 2020 Summer Olympics, the International Olympic Committee and its president, Jacques Rogge, announced in Buenos Aires Saturday. Rival city Madrid was eliminated in the first round of voting. We have updated this post with the latest news. Update at 4:55 p.m. ET: Voting Tally Detailed Madrid and Istanbul had been tied after the first round with 26 votes each, according to the Games Bids site . After Istanbul was chosen over Madrid in a runoff, Tokyo won 60 votes in the third round, to Istanbul's 36. Update at 4:20 p.m. ET: Tokyo Is It Tokyo has been chosen to host the 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Summer Games, the IOC said in an announcement that was streamed live online Saturday afternoon. In selecting Tokyo, IOC officials ended a recent trend that had favored holding the Olympics in cities or regions that haven't previously hosted the games. Tokyo hosted the Summer Olympics in 1964; the Winter Games were held in Nagano in 1998. But Tokyo officials also promoted their city's bid as symbolizing a new chapter for Japan, which is still recuperating from the tsunami and earthquake that devastated swaths of the country in 2011. Organizers have said they plan to have Olympic torchbearers run through areas hit by the tsunami. Article continues after sponsorship After the initial round of voting, Istanbul won a runoff over Madrid, leaving Tokyo firmly in the favored spot. The final announcement came as a striking turnabout for the Turkish delegation, which had earlier believed it had won not just the runoff vote but the competition itself, reports the Inside the Games website. Our original post continues: Officials from the three cities made their final pitches today. We'll update this post with the news of the winning city. We expect the announcement just after 4 p.m. ET. As of earlier this week, oddsmakers saw Tokyo as a slight favorite to win. All of the finalists have submitted recent bids to host the Olympics. And all three were widely seen as having flaws that endanger their chances: Istanbul saw a crackdown on anti-government protesters in June; last month, 31 Turkish athletes were suspended for doping. And worries over regional crises may play a role. Tokyo officials have sought to reassure Olympic representatives that their venue is free from any ill effects from recent radioactive leaks at the Fukushima nuclear power plant. Madrid has pursued its bid under the cloud of Spain's ailing economy and high unemployment rate, as well as its own doping problems. Turkish officials had hoped to bring the 2020 Olympics to Istanbul. Here, the city's Hagia Sophia Museum is seen in the background, with Sultan Ahmed Square in the foreground. AP hide caption toggle caption AP Turkish officials had hoped to bring the 2020 Olympics to Istanbul. Here, the city's Hagia Sophia Museum is seen in the background, with Sultan Ahmed Square in the foreground. AP Bids from the cities of Baku, Azerbaijan, and Doha, Qatar, were not selected for the final round. In coming days, the IOC meetings will also produce the final list of sports that will be part of the 2020 Games. Wrestling, squash, and a combined bid from baseball and softball are in contention for one remaining slot. And IOC officials will also select a new president to replace the outgoing Jacques Rogge.


Who did Wigan beat 16 - 0 to win the 2013 RL Challenge Cup at Wembley?

Challenge Cup final 2013: Hull FC 0 Wigan Warriors 16 - Telegraph Rugby League Challenge Cup final 2013: Hull FC 0 Wigan Warriors 16 Read a full match report of the Challenge Cup final between Hull FC and Wigan  Warriors at Wembley Stadium on Saturday August 24, 2013. Victorious: Wigan's Sam Tomkins is tackled by Hull's Daniel Holdsworth at the Challenge Cup Final Photo: GETTY IMAGES By Arindam Rej, Wembley Stadium 5:47PM BST 24 Aug 2013 Wigan’s jubilant players leapt in a heap on top of Sam Tomkins in front of their raucous fans after his final-minute try completed a deserved win in style. They might not have wanted to let him go. Star man Tomkins is expected to be heading for New Zealand Warriors, but this will be a glorious memory for him to take with him. Shaun Wane, the Wigan coach, had also been linked with the New Zealand Warriors but this triumph is expected to earn him another year on his contract extension, which was stretched to the end of 2014 earlier this week. Wane was beaming at the end. The outpouring of joy at the end was a fittingly emotional moment for Wigan, whose love affair with Wembley continues. This success meant that they have extended their unrivalled Challenge Cup record by winning the trophy for the 19th time. Hull, in contrast, saw their Wembley jinx continue – as they have never won at the national stadium in eight attempts – and they were left to reflect on becoming the first team to fail to score in a final for 24 years. They followed St Helens, who suffered a 27-0 defeat against Wigan at Wembley. Wigan did not need to be at their attacking best, but this was an efficient performance in wet conditions, during which they kicked well in open play. Iain Thornley’s first-half try had opened the scoring and some faultless goal-kicking from Pat Richards had given an advantage that proved big enough against a Hull side who made self-inflicted errors and displayed some poor handling, which forced them to defend for long periods. Related Articles Wigan ready to reward coach Wane 23 Aug 2013 Wigan were lifted by the presence of Tomkins and captain Sean O’Loughlin in their side, with injuries cited as the reason for their recent absences, and they played their part in helping Wane’s team to victory despite a recent dip in form in the Super League. Scrum-half Matty Smith won the Lance Todd Trophy for his impressive display, as Wigan comfortably won the crucial battle in the half-backs with the Hull pairing of Daniel Holdsworth and Jacob Miller struggling. This match was a repeat of the famous 1985 final, won 28-24 by Wigan, and, although this game was not a classic, it was still an intriguing arm wrestle at times with the first half being tight, thanks to Hull’s defensive resilience, before Wigan slowly edged their way into a lead that did not look likely to be overturned. Wane was a Wigan player in 1985 but missed that final because of a knee injury – and his joy at full time here was apparent. “It’s an absolute dream for me,” Wane said. “I love Wigan’s history, our record in the Challenge Cup and it’s something we embrace. “I let the players know that we are the most famous club in the world. I wanted my players to write their names in that history and they have. Our defence was really strong.” Hull coach Peter Gentle was far less comfortable with his own future having been in doubt after an indifferent league campaign. This cup run has been their only source of joy, but they saved a disappointing display for the final. “We’re so much better than that,” Gentle said. “We were guilty of panicking at times. It’s a bitter pill to swallow. We all feel filthy about what’s happened out there.” Wigan applied early pressure and broke through in the 21st minute when centre Thornley picked up a loose ball, evaded Danny Tickle and crossed the line to score, before Richards converted from the touchline. Smith attempted a drop goal just before half-time, but was wide of the mark, meaning that Hull were still hanging in at 6-0 down at the break. Richard Whiting was penalised for a high shot on Smith early in th


Bill Hoskyns, who died in August, was the first Briton to compete at six Olympic Games - 1956 to 1976 inclusive. He won the team bronze in Rome and an individual silver in Tokyo, in which sport ?

Bill Hoskyns - Telegraph Sport Obituaries Bill Hoskyns Bill Hoskyns, who has died aged 82, was a gentleman fencer who became the  first Briton to compete in six Olympic Games and was the country’s most  successful competitor in three weapons — the épée, sabre and foil; he  remains the last Briton to win an Olympic medal for the sport.   Image 1 of 2 Bill Hoskyns (left) scores a point against Wales' R Reynolds in 1966 Photo: S&G and Barratts/EMPICS Sport   Image 1 of 2 6:04PM BST 18 Aug 2013 Hoskyns competed in the Games from Melbourne (1956) to Montreal (1976), setting a record for appearances that was later equalled by Tessa Sanderson and more recently by the equestrian Mary King and the archer Alison Williamson. At the Tokyo Games in 1964 he added a silver in the individual épée to an earlier team silver won in Rome. In addition he was the world champion in épée in 1958, competing in a total of seven world championships from 1955 to 1967, and won a record aggregate of nine gold medals at the Commonwealth Games in both épée and sabre, although had to settle for silver in foil. Hoskyns fenced left-handed and his nonchalantly elegant style was much admired. Although not quick on his feet, he had extraordinary timing and could put his opponents under continuous pressure so as to induce them to attack at the moment of his choosing. Watching him in action, one American opponent said simply: “Suave — so suave, it’s painful.” In the British Championships, Hoskyns was the most successful fencer ever, with 21 medals. He won the épée title four times, the foil title three times and the sabre title once, making him only the second man to win all three championships. He was born Henry William Furse Hoskyns in London on March 19 1931, the oldest of four boys, and grew up on his father’s estate at North Perrott, Somerset. Educated at Eton, he took up fencing at his mother’s behest after suffering a broken nose in the boxing ring. While there he formed a lifelong friendship with Allan Jay (the other great British male fencer of his generation), after the two crossed épées at a competitive meeting. Jay likened his opponent to “Little Lord Fauntleroy”, and, though they were very different characters and fiercely competitive on the fencing piste, they became such great friends that Jay eventually retired to Hoskyns’s home village of North Perrott where, in later life, they channelled their competitive energies on to the bridge table. Related Articles Dame Mary Glen Haig 26 Nov 2014 From Eton, Hoskyns went up to Magdalen College, Oxford, to read Agriculture. He always claimed that his father had “bought” his place and, while there, he neglected his studies, preferring to spend his time fencing or playing bridge. He was immensely proud of the fact that he graduated with a “Fourth”, often pointing out that (due to changes in the grading regime) it was an achievement which none of his children could ever emulate. After graduating, as well as taking part in competitive fencing he farmed fruit on his family’s estate in Somerset, where he built a “modern” farm shop 30 years before it became fashionable, and was a pioneer of farming co-operatives. Before going up to Oxford, Hoskyns did his National Service in the Somerset Yeomanry and he continued as a Territorial to the rank of major, becoming inter-services champion at épée, sabre and foil in 1964. He burst on to the international scene at the 1955 World Championships, where he played a major part in Britain’s foil team bronze medal, beating all four members of the French team. He finished his international career by winning the Duren épée tournament in 1973 and 1974 and coming second in Oslo in 1978, at the age of 47. Twenty years later, in 1998, he won a bronze medal at the Millennium Veterans’ world championships. A keen private pilot, in his early years as a fencer Hoskyns enjoyed flying his team-mates to competitions around Europe in his own plane. In 1956, after being invited by the Hungarian government to attend a fencing competition in Budapest, he became the first private pilot


Which Aviva Premiership Rugby Union side play their home games at Adams Park, High Wycombe ?

Aviva Premiership preview: Harlequins desperate to end losing run | The Independent Aviva Premiership preview: Harlequins desperate to end losing run A look ahead to this weekend's action Thursday 28 March 2013 18:05 BST Click to follow The Independent Online Mike Brown of Harlequins in action against Saracens GETTY IMAGES With the Heineken Cup quarter-finals looming on the horizon, the Aviva Premiership will provide the last chance to gain some momentum before attentions turn to Europe once more. And for league champions Harlequins, they will be desperate for a win to avoid a third straight defeat following losses to Exeter Chiefs and league leaders Saracens. It doesn't get any easier for Conor O'Shea's side either, with a trip to Kingsholm to face Gloucester kicking the weekend off on Friday night. Following their 27-12 defeat at Allianz Park, Quins find themselves in third place in the league behind Sarries and Leicester Tigers. With the visit of Munster to the Twickenham Stoop just one week away, O'Shea makes six changes to the starting line-up with the news that England captain Chris Robshaw is rested for this weeks game, with Luke Wallace coming into the back-row to join Tom Guest and Nick Easter. Elsewhere, Ross Chisholm replaces Ugo Monye on the wing, while an all-new centre partnership sees George Lowe and Tom Casson come in for Jordan Turner-Hall and Matt Hopper. Rob Buchanan starts at hooker, and Olly Kohn returns from injury to partner George Robson in the second-row. Quins head to the West Country knowing that they haven't beaten Gloucester at Kingsholm in 14 years, and the Cherry and Whites director of rugby Nigel Davies has made five changes to maintain their push for the play-offs. The one change in the backs sees Henry Trinder replace Mike Tindall in the centre as Gloucester continue to field an all-English back-line. Koree Britton makes his first Premiership start at hooker, and Lua Lokotui joins Jim Hamilton in the second-row. Tom Savage and Akapusi Qera return to the back-row in place of Andy Hazell and Peter Buxton as Davies refreshes his flankers. Saturday's action sees an early kick-off at the Recreation Ground get the day underway as London Welsh visit Bath. The Exiles remain bottom of the table following their rejected appeal this week over their five-point deduction for fielding the ineligible Tyson Keats in 10 games before Christmas. With them now five points adrift from safety, wins are becoming a necessity if they wish to remain in the top-tier next season, but they will be facing a Bath side that still harbour hopes of a top six and Heineken Cup qualification place. Bath sit seventh in the table and four points behind sixth-placed London Wasps, but with the London side facing rivals Saracens this weekend, it could be their best opportunity to make up ground on the teams above them. That match-up takes place at Adams Park, and Wasps will be hurting after their narrow loss to the Northampton Saints last time out. A Christian Daly try and a last-play-of-the-game conversion from Stephen Myler condemned Wasps to their first home defeat of the season, and despite having leading try-scorers Tom Varndell and Christian Wade on the wings, they will have been worried at how easily the Saints pack dominated their counterparts. Saracens meanwhile head to High Wycombe after comprehensively beating their championship rivals Harlequins last Sunday. With their International contingent back, Owen Farrell, Mako Vunipola and Kelly Brown all stood out in the victory, as did England hopeful Will Fraser, who turned in another accomplished performance as his stock continues to grow. The Barnet outfit are unbeaten in their last four Premiership outings, and they will look to stretch their five-point lead at the top of the table with two of their play-off rivals clashing this weekend. Northampton Saints host Leicester Tigers in a Midlands derby that always produces fireworks of one kind or another. The Tigers moved above Harlequins following their narrow victory over Exeter Chiefs last week, when they saw a late Gare


Which swimmer, who never won an Olympic medal in his career, carried the flag for the United Kingdom at the opening ceremony at Beijing in 2008 ?

Andy Murray named Team GB Olympic opening ceremony flag-bearer | Daily Mail Online comments Wimbledon champion Andy Murray  has been named as the Team GB flag-bearer at the Olympic Games opening ceremony in Rio's Maracana Stadium on Friday. Murray, who was nominated for the prestigious role by his individual sport, was then selected by the British Olympic Association hierarchy from a list of all the others put forward.   'I'm very proud,' said the Scot. 'To represent your country at the Games is an unbelievable experience, but to lead out Team GB will be an incredible honour, the biggest in sport.  Andy Murray has been named as the Team GB flag-bearer at the opening ceremony Murray said he was very proud and added leading Team GB out is biggest honour in sport Murray speaks at the Team GB British House Reception ahead of the Rio 2016 Olympic Games Murray, along with HRH Princess Anne, Princess Royal and Sebastian Coe, pose with Team GB Murray won Olympic gold in London in 2012 by beating Roger Federer in the final 'I obviously have great memories of London and I am 100 per cent focused on winning here in Rio. The privilege of being the flag-bearer is a moment I will remember for the rest of my life and will certainly be one of the highlights of my career.' Female reigning Olympic champion boxer Nicola Adams , who would have been the first black sports star to carry the GB flag at a summer Games opening ceremony, had been strongly tipped for the role earlier in the week having been nominated by British Boxing. RELATED ARTICLES Share 451 shares However BBC sports personality of the year Murray's credentials are even stronger as a three time Grand Slam winner and almost single-handedly powering GB to a Davis Cup triumph last year.  And his major tennis successes started after he won the gold medal singles at London 2012.  His major tennis successes started after he won the gold medal singles four years ago Murray trains at the Olympic centre ahead of the games, where he is again going for gold He is no lover of ceremonial roles and only intends fleeting visit the Olympic Village fleetingly However it was thought that the Olympic tennis competition starting less than 24 hours later would rule him out of contention. The draws are on Thursday.  Also Murray is no great lover of ceremonial roles and is only intending to make a fleeting visit to the Olympic Village.  He is staying outside the athletes complex with his entourage like he did in London because he found the attention he received in Beijing's athletes village four years earlier too distracting. Murray was unveiled as the flag-bearer at the official reception for the GB team at British House on Wednesday night where he also made a speech to help inspire the British medal chase. Murray almost single-handedly powered GB to a Davis Cup triumph last year Female reigning Olympic champion boxer Nicola Adams had been tipped for the honour Adams would have been the first black sports star to carry the GB flag at a summer Games The Wimbledon champion will be the first tennis player to carry the flag for Britain at an opening ceremony. At London 2012 the honour went to cyclist Sir Chris Hoy, while swimmer Mark Foster was chosen for Beijing four years earlier. Judo star Kate Howey was the last woman to carry the flag, and the sixth in total, when she led the team in Athens. The three Olympics before that, in Barcelona, Atlanta and Sydney, all saw rowers given the honour, with Steve Redgrave doing it twice before Matthew Pinsent took it in Australia. British cycling legend Sir Chris Hoy carried the flag at London 2012  Swimmer Mark Foster waves to the crowd as he carries the flag for Team GB in Beijing Judo star Kate Howey led the team at the opening ceremony in 2004 in Athens Murray added: 'I was just getting into bed at about 11.15 - I was in my pants - and our team leader came and said, "the chef de mission needs to speak to you". 'I jumped out of bed, ran downstairs and Mark gave me the news. I was speechless. 'I didn't know what to say. I was repeating myself a lot, saying


What is the German name for the Polish city of Gdansk ?

Personal Pages , etc. GDANSK, Poland. The capital of Poland's "Pomorze" province, the city of Gdansk is located at the mouth of the Vistula River on the Baltic Sea. Much of the city's industry centers around shipbuilding and shipping. The city has two main port areas. The older Nowy Port, or New Port, is a major industrial center for shipyards, metallurgical and chemical plants, timber mills, and food-processing facilities. The newer Port Polnocny, or North Port, is Poland's largest maritime development project. It handles coal exports and petroleum imports. Gdansk has schools of medicine, engineering, and fine arts. The University of Gdansk was opened in 1970. There are also many fine churches, museums, theaters, and gardens as well as a maritime center, a concert hall, and an opera house. Gdansk is part of the Trojmiasto, or Three-City, urban area, made up of the towns of Gdansk, Gdynia, and Sopot. The city center, known as Stare Miasto, or Old Town, lies on the Motlawa, a river that runs into the Vistula 2 miles (3 kilometers) inland. Noteworthy buildings in Old Town include St. Catherine's Church, sections of which date back to the 14th century. Its interior is in the Gothic style. The town hall was built between 1587 and 1595. The entrance hall has a bronze bas-relief of the 17th-century Gdansk astronomer Hevelius. Greatly damaged during World War II, the city's buildings were later restored. Gdansk was first mentioned as a Polish city in 997 or 999. It has been called by the German name Danzig at various periods of its history. It was granted municipal autonomy in 1260 and developed as a trade center. In 1308 the Teutonic Knights seized the city. Under their rule the city became a wealthy member of the Hanseatic League (see Hanseatic League). In 1466 King Casimir IV of Poland regained the territory after a 13-year war. As thanks for its loyalty, Gdansk was granted local autonomy by the king and expanded greatly. It reached its peak during the Renaissance as the most prosperous port on the Baltic. Its shipyards launched their first warship in 1572. By 1754 its population was 77,000, the largest of any eastern European city. The Swedish wars of the 17th century halted the city's economic growth and began its decline. In 1772 Gdansk was seized by Prussia, and in 1793 it became part of that country. Its port trade quickly decreased. Except for about seven years during the Napoleonic wars, when it was declared a free state, Gdansk remained in German hands until after World War I. From 1919 to 1939 it again had the status of a free city, under the Treaty of Versailles, with Poland having administrative governance over it. German control grew stronger, however, and in 1938 German dictator Adolf Hitler demanded that Gdansk be given to Germany. Poland, backed by Great Britain and France, refused. Hitler used this refusal as an excuse to invade Poland on Sept. 1, 1939, beginning World War II. The city was returned to Poland in March 1945. Labor unrest in the Gdansk shipyards in 1980 spurred the creation of the Solidarity trade union, which soon led the push toward democracy in Poland. Population (1992 estimate), 465,400. --------------------------------------------------------- Excerpted from Comptons Interactive Encyclopedia Copyright © 1994, 1995 Comptons NewMedia, Inc. ..


Edward VII's first Christian name wasn't Edward, What was it ?

Guts and Glory: Edward VII’s Appendix and the Coronation that Never Was | Unofficial Royalty Who Knew? Guts and Glory: Edward VII’s Appendix and the Coronation that Never Was I have recently found myself with a bit more free time on my hands due to an attack of acute appendicitis and a consequent appendectomy. In these days appendectomies are typically quick, routine surgeries that involve fairly easy recoveries for most patients (as mine has been). However, surgery to relieve appendicitis is a relatively new treatment that has been practiced regularly for only about the past 100 years – previous sufferers of appendicitis typically died of sepsis. One of the most famous (and at the time controversial) surgeries for appendicitis occurred in the United Kingdom in 1902. After spending more than 59 years as the Prince of Wales, Albert Edward, the eldest son of Queen Victoria, would be beginning his own rule as Edward VII. What occurred a few months into Edward’s reign changed the course of medical and legal history in surprising ways. Edward had been king for a few months when a brilliant coronation ceremony was meticulously planned for June 26, 1902, at Westminster Abbey. Having spent nearly sixty years in pursuit of the finer things in life, Edward had had plenty of time to consider exactly how large of a celebration his coronation would entail. Several thousand pounds of fowl were ordered for the banquet, viewing stands were constructed along the parade route, and numerous hotels were built to accommodate the influx of expected guests to London. While Edward was focused on the details of his coronation, his body had other plans. In the two weeks preceding the coronation, Edward had recurrent abdominal pain accompanied by a fever.  After being examined by several members of his medical staff, Frederick Treves (once a physician for Joseph Merrick, otherwise known as the Elephant Man), Edward’s accomplished and newly-appointed Sergeant-Surgeon was summoned for his opinion. Dr. Frederick Treves. Photo credit: Wikipedia By the time Treves first examined Edward on June 18, Edward was running a constant fever and had developed a mass in the lower right quadrant of his abdomen. For his part, Edward was eager to resume his activities and was annoyed at the thought of rumors of his illness circulating. Edward’s private secretary, Sir Francis Knollys, quickly issued a report denying any problems with Edward’s health. Although Edward was feeling well enough to attend a lavish banquet on June 23, he was confined to bed the following day with a high fever and intense pain. After another examination of the King, the medical team concluded that Edward was suffering from appendicitis and required immediate surgery. The regrettable timing aside, Edward was incredibly fortunate to have appendicitis while in the care of Dr. Treves. Although not the first to perform an appendectomy, Treves first did surgery on a patient with recurrent appendicitis in 1888. After the successful surgery, Treves authored a paper presented to the Royal Medical and Surgical Society a few months later recommending the removal of appendices in similar cases. Although his recommendation was not well-received by the medical community, by the turn of the 20th century he had removed more than one thousand appendices. Insisting on fulfilling his duty, Edward rejected his doctors’ planned course of action. He continued to refuse surgery until Treves bluntly pointed out that Edward would be dead before the coronation took place. This approach seemed to work on Edward as he finally agreed to the surgery – and the coronation was officially postponed until further notice. Shortly after noon on June 24, the abscess in Edward’s abdomen was drained, irrigated, packed with gauze, and fitted with rubber tubing to allow additional pus to escape. The operation took about an hour and a half. Edward started to choke during the operation, but the team managed to get the King to breathe again by pulling on his beard, thus opening his mouth. Edward’s appendix was actua


Which European capital city was known as Kristiana from 1877 to 1925 ?

What are some different Norway towns? | Reference.com What are some different Norway towns? A: Quick Answer Some of the most prominent cities and towns in Norway include Oslo, Lillehammer, Trondheim and Stavanger. The entire country was home to just over 5 million people in 2013. Full Answer The capital of Norway is Oslo, and its population was nearly 650,000 in 2015. The city sits at the head of the Oslofjord in the southern region of the country. During a period of political union with Sweden, the city was known as Kristiania, from 1877 to 1925, and its traditional Norwegian name was only restored once Norway gained full independence. Lillehammer is a city known to many around the world for hosting the 1994 Winter Olympic Games. It had a population of nearly 27,000 in 2011. The city boasts five ski resorts within easy driving distance and a popular amusement park, Hunderfossen Family Park. The central city of Trondheim has a population of about 180,000 people. It was founded as a trading post in 997 and was Norway's capital city until 1217. Stavanger is the oil capital of Norway and was home to nearly 130,000 people in 2012. The city's population has grown dramatically since the twentieth century due to the offshore oilfields. The country's largest oil company, Statoil, is headquartered in Stavanger.


What was the stage name of the operatic soprano who was born Helen Porter Mitchell in 1861 ?

Helen Porter Mitchell - Memidex dictionary/thesaurus Helen Porter Mitchell an Australian operatic soprano (born: 1861 – died: 1931) Class: Nellie Melba | Dame Nellie Melba | Helen "Nellie" Porter Mitchell (Born: 1861-05-19 – Died: 1931-02-23) an Australian operatic soprano. She became one of the most famous singers of the late Victorian Era and the early 20th century. She was the first Australian to achieve international recognition as a classical musician. Melba studied singing in... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nellie Melba Columbia Encyclopedia: Melba, Dame Nellie | Dame Nellie Melba | Nellie Melba | Mitchell, Helen Porter | Melba, Nellie | Mitchell, Helen | Helen Porter Mitchell Armstrong | Dame Melba | Helen Porter Mitchell | ... (Born: 1861 – Died: 1931) Australian soprano, whose name originally was Helen Porter Mitchell. After study with Mathilde Marchesi in Paris, she made her operatic debut in ... (22 of 105 words)


In which year were TV licences introduced in the UK?

History of Driving and the introduction of the UK driving licence. A Potted History of Driving, and the UK Driving Licence. The History of Driving and the UK Driving Licence. We've started with the invention of motorised road vehicles. At that time there was no such thing as a driving licence. The development of the motor car, and the rapid increase over the years in the volume of vehicles on Britain's roads, resulted in the necessity for some means by which the government could ensure that safety prevailed. This 'History of Driving' starts before the driving licence was devised and follows the development of roads, cars and licences over the last 120 years or so. Read on to get an idea of how it all happened. A History of Driving: 1860 - 1900 The invention of the motor car really began in the mid-late 18th century with the invention of small, passenger-carrying steam-powered road vehicles. Due to the size and power of these vehicles a 'Red Flag Act' was introduced in 1865, whereby it was compulsory for two people to operate and power the vehicle, while a third walked in front waving a red flag to warn other road users of its presence. Germany's Karl Benz has, for the most part, been credited as the inventor of the first real, 'proper', motor car that was specifically designed to be operated by a sole driver on public highways. His car, invented in 1885-86, was a three-wheeled vehicle, with no windows, that ran on petrol. The mid-1880's to the mid-1890's witnessed the development of numerous four-wheeled, petrol-powered road cars, and in 1896 'The Red Flag Act' was abolished and 'The Light Locomotives on the Highways Act' (The Emancipation Act) was introduced, stipulating an upper speed limit of 12mph for motorised road vehicles. Cars were on Britain's roads! The first motor car race took place in 1895. Front wheel drive appeared in 1897, the honeycombed radiator in 1898, and front suspension in 1899. A History of Driving: 1901 - 1920 The Grand Prix was established in 1901 and was held in France, (although the first actual built-for-purpose race track was located at Brooklands in Surrey, built in 1907). In 1903 the 'Motor Car Act' was introduced in the UK. The Act required all motor car owners to register their vehicles with their local county borough council and to display their registration at all times. It also made the driving licence compulsory. The licence was fabric-bound and similar in style to today's passports. It could be bought at local council office for 5 shillings; no test of driving competency was required. However, the 1903 Motor Act also introduced a penalty for reckless driving. The car continued to develop rapidly over the next ten years and began to look more like the modern car, with headlights, windscreens, rubber tyres with pressure gauges, number plates and coil ignition, all by about 1908. Henry Ford's 'Model T' was developed in America in 1909, and by 1913 he was manufacturing factory produced cars. Between 1909 and 1913 four-wheel brakes, the electric starter and four-wheel steering for off-road vehicles had been introduced, with mechanical wipers being developed in 1916. A History of Driving: 1921 - 1940 Hydraulic wheel brakes appeared in 1921 and by 1922 Henry Ford had built one million cars. General Motors came to Britain in 1925. The first British Grand Prix was held at Brooklands in 1926 and the first Monaco Grand Prix was raced in the street in 1929. Between 1922 and 1929 world land speed records increased from 133mph to 231mph. It is estimated that, by the mid-1890's, there were approximately 15 motor cars on the Britain's roads. By 1900 there were about 800 cars. By 1930, this had dramatically increased to approximately one million cars on the roads of Britain, and by 1934 there were 1.5 million. In 1930 age restrictions were applied to driving, and a driving test for disabled drivers was introduced. Compulsory motor vehicle insurance was also introduced. In 1931 the first edition of 'The Highway Code' was introduced, and the Morris Minor retailed at £100 (equivalent to £3,34


Which designer (brand) created the Kelly bag?

Kelly Style Handbag | eBay or Best Offer Free Shipping This is a bag that was made to resemble the Hermes Kelly bag. Again, this is NOT an authentic Hermes "Kelly" bag. This bag was simply inspired by the design of the Kelly. This bag comes with matching ... $12.99 Buy It Now The perfect classic accessory for that chic outfit! Check out this adorable handbag! This is a faux patent leather handbag. It has matching antiqued hardware on the exterior and a gold tone clasp unde...


By what name is the Gravelly Hill Interchange better known?

Spaghetti Junction: Gravelly Hill Interchange opened 40 years ago - BBC News BBC News Media playback is unsupported on your device Spaghetti Junction: Gravelly Hill Interchange opened 40 years ago 24 May 2012 Last updated at 08:18 BST It is now 40 years since the Gravelly Hill Interchange opened - better known as Spaghetti Junction. The sprawling network of carriageways at junction six of the M6 connects the A38(M) Aston Expressway into central Birmingham. It was given its more popular name by newspaper reporter Roy Smith, who said that from the sky it looked like spaghetti on a plate. Mystifying some motorists, its numerous carriageways, supported by more than 500 concrete columns, follow the line of the local canal and river network on elevated sections. The BBC's Phil Mackie spoke to Highways Patrol officer Steve Price about how Spaghetti Junction is managed - and why it holds a special place in the hearts of many Midlands residents.