In which year did Fidel Castro come to power in Cuba?

Fidel Castro - Cold War - HISTORY.com Fidel Castro A+E Networks Introduction Cuban leader Fidel Castro (1926-2016) established the first communist state in the Western Hemisphere after leading an overthrow of the military dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista in 1959. He ruled over Cuba for nearly five decades, until handing off power to his younger brother Raúl in 2008. During that time, Castro’s regime was successful in reducing illiteracy, stamping out racism and improving public health care, but was widely criticized for stifling economic and political freedoms. Castro’s Cuba also had a highly antagonistic relationship with the United States–most notably resulting in the Bay of Pigs invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis. The two nations officially normalized relations in July 2015, ending a trade embargo that had been in place since 1960, when U.S.-owned businesses in Cuba were nationalized without compensation. Castro died on November 25, 2016, at 90. Google Fidel Castro: Early Years Castro was born on August 13, 1926, in Birán, a small town in eastern Cuba. His father was a wealthy Spanish sugarcane farmer who first came to the island during the Cuban War of Independence (1895-1898); his mother was a domestic servant for his father’s family who bore him out of wedlock. After attending a couple of Jesuit schools–including the Colegio de Belén, where he excelled at baseball–Castro enrolled as a law student at the University of Havana. While there, he became interested in politics, joining the anti-corruption Orthodox Party and participating in an aborted coup attempt against the brutal Dominican Republic dictator Rafael Trujillo . Did You Know? In addition to the Bay of Pigs invasion, the United States made several failed attempts on Fidel Castro's life, including poisoning his cigars with Botox. In 1950, Castro graduated from the University of Havana and opened a law office. Two years later, he ran for election to the Cuban House of Representatives. The election never happened, however, because Batista seized power that March. Castro responded by planning a popular uprising. “From that moment on, I had a clear idea of the struggle ahead,” he said in a 2006 “spoken autobiography.” Castro’s Revolution Begins In July 1953, Castro led about 120 men in an attack on the Moncada army barracks in Santiago de Cuba. The assault failed, Castro was captured and sentenced to 15 years in prison, and many of his men were killed. The U.S.-backed Batista, looking to improve his authoritarian image, subsequently released Castro in 1955 as part of a general amnesty. Castro ended up in Mexico , where he met fellow revolutionary Ernesto “Che” Guevara and plotted his return. The following year, Castro and 81 other men sailed on the yacht “Granma” to the eastern coast of Cuba, where government forces immediately ambushed them. The estimated 18 survivors, including Castro, his brother Raúl and Guevara, fled deep into the Sierra Maestra Mountains in southeastern Cuba with virtually no weapons or supplies. According to Castro, the revolutionaries started reorganizing with only two rifles,. But by early 1957 they were already attracting recruits and winning small battles against Rural Guard patrols. “We’d take out the men in front, attack the center, and then ambush the rear when it started retreating, in the terrain we’d chosen,” Castro said in his spoken autobiography. In 1958, Batista tried to snuff out the uprising with a massive offensive, complete with air force bombers and naval offshore units. The guerrillas held their ground, launched a counterattack and wrested control from Batista on January 1, 1959. Castro arrived in Havana a week later and soon took over as prime minister. At the same time, revolutionary tribunals began trying and executing members of the old regime for alleged war crimes. Castro’s Rule In 1960, Castro nationalized all U.S.-owned businesses, including oil refineries, factories and casinos. This prompted the United States to end diplomatic relations and impose a trade embargo that still stands today. Meanwhile, in Apr


Fritz Kreisler who died in 1962, was a virtuoso on which musical instrument?

Fritz Kreisler Violins He Played Other Creativity     and beauty characterize Fritz Kreislerï¿½s life. A world renowned     violinist and composer, Kreisler was born in Vienna on February 2, 1875.     He began studying the violin with his father, at the tender age of four.     Kreisler was then taught by the well reputed pedagogue, Jacob Dont, and     was accepted into the Vienna Conservatory at the age of seven. An     attentive pupil and a daring performer, Kreisler quickly captured the     Vienna Conservatoryï¿½s gold medal. He then worked under the direction     of Massart at the Paris Conservatoire.     Following his studies with Massart, Kreisler did not seek out further     instruction. He proved to be a virtuoso on the violin, and received     little formal direction after the age of twelve. Kreislerï¿½s life was as colorful and rich as his     music. As a young boy, Kreisler was interested in a career as a     violinist. However, he did not immediately meet with success. He was     introduced to American audiences in 1888, touring with pianist Moriz     Rosenthal. Although his technique was commended, Kreislerï¿½ s musical     interpretations were not held in high standing. Somewhat disappointed,     Kreisler directed his energy into new fields, pursuing the study of     medicine, and abandoning the violin. He spent two years     in medical school, and then served in the Austrian army. At the age of twenty-one Kreisler returned to the     violin. After a lengthy hiatus from his beloved violin, it took Kreisler     merely eight weeks of focused, secluded practice to reacquaint himself     with the instrument. Newly committed to building a career as a     violinist, Kreisler surmounted many initial setbacks, and strove toward     success. His debut was with the Vienna Philharmonic in 1898. Conducted     by Hans Richter, Kreislerï¿½s performance with the Vienna Philharmonic     won the long awaited acclaim he deserved.     Sustaining the high caliber of his concert performances, Kreisler built     on his successes and later became known as one of the greatest     violinists of all time. Kreisler moved to the United States during World War     II. Settling in New York, he refused to perform while the war continued.     Following the establishment, he quickly captured the attention of     American audiences. Although American critics had not responded well to     his playing when he toured as a boy, Kreisler now won great approval and     applause wherever he went. He toured in major cities throughout the     world, and continually charmed audiences with his wit and stunning     technique. Kreislerï¿½ s final performance     was in 1947, at Carnegie Hall. Known as one of the last great violinist-composers, Kreisler     published over one hundred and fifty compositions and arrangements. He     incorporated Viennese themes, Eastern scales, and stunning, harmonic     cadenzas into his works. An audacious young performer and composer, he     incited the wrath of music critics by confessing to the authorship of     ï¿½Lannerï¿½ and ï¿½Classical Manuscriptsï¿½. He had previously     published these works under the names of 18th century composers in order to avoid the derision of critics. A contemporary of Caruso and Paderewski, Kreisler was     affectionately known as the ï¿½King of Violinistsï¿½. An excellent     pianist, he was able to bring an understanding of sonorous chords into     his violin compositions. Kreislerï¿½s timeless pieces continue to     delight and comfort. They express the imagination and character of a     truly extraordinary musician. Notes by Shanaira Udwadia (May-2001)


Which TV serial of 1984 was based on the Raj Quartet novels by Paul Scott?

The Jewel in the Crown - Watch Viooz TV Serie Online Download - Watch Viooz The Jewel in the Crown Drama The Jewel in the Crown is a British television serial about the final days of the British Raj in India during World War II, based upon the Raj Quartet novels by Paul Scott. Granada Television produced it for the ITV network. First Air Date: 1984-01-09


What is the full name of the Super 12 Rugby Union side, from Canterbury, New Zealand?

What's in a Name | The Famous Crusaders Name | Crusaders What's in a Name What's in a Name Have you ever wondered why the name Crusaders? Why not the Cardinals, the Crimsons or the Conquerors? When the first year of Super 12 kicked off in 1996, the Crusaders title was chosen for the side representing the provincial unions from the top half of the South Island - Nelson, Marlborough, Buller, West Coast, Canterbury, Mid Canterbury and South Canterbury. Among others in the mix of potential names were the Plainsmen but the powers that be at the time chose Crusaders based on the English nature of the city of Christchurch. They believed the name Crusaders not only connected with Christchurch's British heritage but it defined the crusading spirit of Canterbury rugby. And it had huge marketing potential. Those involved in developing the concept could never have imagined how successful the Crusaders brand would become. From the spine-tingling atmosphere when the Crusaders horsemen enter AMI Stadium to the theme song "Conquest of Paradise" (by recording artist Vangelis), to the flames on the Crusaders castle - the Crusaders have been a huge marketing success. Watching the Crusaders at AMI Stadium has become the biggest show in town with the additional live entertainment around the Crusaders brand making a visit to AMI Stadium a must for all rugby fans. So how did the Crusaders concept evolve from its first inception? The logo featuring the knightsman and the sword was developed by graphic design company Clark & Associates. Then to the all-important music. Many tunes were considered but it was John Foley, who was working for one of the Canterbury Rugby Football Union's longest serving sponsors DB Draught, who put forward the idea of using the "Conquest of Paradise" music. And it's now commonly recognised as the anthem of Canterbury. You'll frequently hear it on the radio and as a ringtone on mobile phones. But the spine-tingling atmosphere it creates as the Crusaders horsemen enter AMI Stadium is undeniable. No other franchise has anything like it. Over the years the Crusaders brand has evolved from just the Crusaders horsemen and the music to the advent of the castle and more recently the addition of the Crusaders sword as an imposing centre-piece on the field. All these pieces of the Crusaders jigsaw have made the Crusaders concept widely recognised and so intimidating for visiting teams. So that's the journey of the Crusaders from its inception in 1996 to today. Clark & Associates did the logos for all five New Zealand Super 12 franchises.


"In which 1950 film, did Howard Keel and Betty Hutton sing the duet, ""Anything you can do""?"

Annie Get Your Gun (1950) - IMDb IMDb 27 December 2016 8:44 AM, UTC NEWS There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Annie Get Your Gun ( 1950 ) Passed | The story of the great sharpshooter, Annie Oakley, who rises to fame while dealing with her love/professional rival, Frank Butler. Directors: Guide to the Globes Related News a list of 23 titles created 16 May 2014 a list of 39 titles created 7 months ago a list of 24 titles created 2 months ago a list of 25 titles created 2 months ago a list of 26 titles created 2 days ago Title: Annie Get Your Gun (1950) 7/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won     1     Oscar. Another    2 wins & 6 nominations. See more awards  » Photos The story of Calamity Jane, her saloon, and her romance with Wild Bill Hickok. Director: David Butler Fred and Lilly are a divorced pair of actors who are brought together by Cole Porter who has written a musical version of The Taming of the Shrew. Of course, the couple seem to act a great ... See full summary  » Director: George Sidney In 1850 Oregon, when a backwoodsman brings a wife home to his farm, his six brothers decide that they want to get married too. Director: Stanley Donen In the Oklahoma territory at the turn of the twentieth century, two young cowboys vie with an evil ranch hand and a traveling peddler for the hearts of the women they love. Director: Fred Zinnemann     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6.9/10 X   Billy Bigelow has been dead for fifteen years, and now outside the pearly gates, he long waived his right to go back to Earth for a day. But he has heard that there is a problem with his ... See full summary  » Director: Henry King On a South Pacific island during World War II, love blooms between a young nurse and a secretive Frenchman who's being courted for a dangerous military mission. Director: Joshua Logan A widow accepts a job as a live-in governess to the King of Siam's children. Director: Walter Lang Farm family Frake, with discontented daughter Margy, head for the Iowa State Fair. On the first day, both Margy and brother Wayne meet attractive new flames; so does father's prize hog, ... See full summary  » Director: Walter Lang A nightclub performer hires a naive chorus girl to become his new dance partner to make his former partner jealous and to prove he can make any partner a star. Director: Charles Walters     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6.9/10 X   Two Americans on a hunting trip in Scotland become lost. They encounter a small village, not on the map, called Brigadoon, in which people harbor a mysterious secret, and behave as if they were still living two hundred years in the past. Director: Vincente Minnelli Harold Hill poses as a boys' band leader to con naive Iowa townsfolk. Director: Morton DaCosta On a train trip West to become a mail order bride Susan Bradley meets a cheery crew of young women traveling out to open a " Harvey House " restaurant at a remote whistle stop to provide ... See full summary  » Director: George Sidney Edit Storyline A story very loosely based on the love story of Annie Oakley and Frank Butler who meet at a shooting match. Fabulous music although the lead characters have virtually nothing to do with the actual historical figures. Annie joins Frank Butler in Col. Cody's Wild West Show. They tour the world performing before Royalty as well as the public at large. Hear 10 Irving Berlin Songs! See more  » Genres: 17 May 1950 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: Annie, la reine du cirque See more  » Filming Locations: Mono (Western Electric Sound System) Color: Rights to the Broadway show cost $650,000, a record at the time. See more » Goofs The real Annie Oakley was a brunette. See more » Quotes Annie Oakley : [calling after Frank as he's walking away] Hey, mister...? Don't you like girls? Frank Butler : [not comprehendeding the quest


Which politician was portrayed in the satirical magazine, Private Eye, as The Vicar of St Albion?

Private Eye - All The Tropes Private Eye For the dudes in fedoras, see Hardboiled Detective . A British fortnightly satirical magazine, running since 1961. It does a lot of investigative journalism and has been sued for libel a considerable number of times (it usually loses, and would have been bankrupted by the damages if not for donations from supporters and subscribers). Its editor, Ian Hislop (a team captain on Have I Got News for You ), even held the record for 'Most Sued Man in England' for a time. For many years it was verging on a point of pride how long it had been since they won a case. The first time Ian Hislop won a libel suit, the following issue was filled in celebratory manner with yet more libelous material, just because they knew they'd get away with it. (For those reading from outside the UK, it's important to point out that under British law it is possible for something to be both perfectly true and libelous, as it is up to the defendant to prove the truth of what he/she has said. In the USA, the person bringing the suit has to prove that what was said is false. The flip side of this is that getting an injunction to prevent something being published in the first place is rather harder in Britain - otherwise known as Publish and be damned. Or at least, it was, before the current fad for "super injunctions", where the target is not even allowed to say they have had an injunction put upon them, let alone talk about the original subject...) It has a number of regular cartoon strips and ongoing parodies, such as: "The Broonites", which features the Brown camp of the now former Labour government and who all speak in exaggerated Scottish accents- even the English ones. This is done in the style of The Broons, a cartoon strip from The Sunday Post . Contains an apparently deliberate example for comic effect of Just Plane Wrong . In the 1205 strip, Gordon Brown is put on a plane to Afghanistan to solve the government's popularity problems. The plane- an English Electric Lightning, long gone from RAF service. This is possibly a bizarre example of the cartoonist having Shown Their Work . You see, the original cartoonist on The Broons- (Dudley D Watkins) spent the whole of World War Two drawing anything military in the same style as his earlier adventure comics: That is, straight out of World War One. "The New Coalition Academy" - Reporting on government affairs in the style of a posh school's newsletter. Previous versions for earlier governments include: "Prime Ministerial Decrees"- Gordon Brown as a Stalin-style leader. "St. Albion's Parish News" - Tony Blair as a rural vicar (became a TV series as A Sermon from St Albion's) "The Secret Diary of John Major (aged 47¾)" - written in Adrian Mole style "Dear Bill" - Margaret Thatcher 's husband Dennis writes to Bill Deedes, editor of the Daily Telegraph "Heathco. Newsletter" - Edward Heath as MD of a failing business "Mrs. Wilson's Diary" - Harold Wilson 's wife writes in the style of BBC radio show Mrs. Dale's Diary "Dave Snooty and his New Pals"- David Cameron in the style of The Beano strip Lord Snooty. Boris Johnson features quite a bit (crossing over from the earlier Beano parody Boris The Menace ). "The Adventures of Mr Millibean"- Replacing The Broon-ites, Ed Miliband and the Labour Shadow Cabinet in the style of the Mr. Bean cartoon spinoff. "Celeb", made into a brief TV series, it involves a fading pop-star Gary Bloke and his wife, daughters ( Rosedrop Bunnypetal and Pixie Frou-frou ) and son Troy. "Supermodels" - Parodies the current events in the fashion industry, all the models in this comic are drawn as a thin line for the body. "It's Grim Up North London" - features a group of friends of the new age liberal type. "Apparently" "Pseuds Corner", a column which highlights particularly pompous and pretentious quotes from that week's media. "Colemanballs", which records ridiculous or just plain stupid quotes from the broadcast - and usually sports - media. Named after the now-retired and notoriously gaffe-prone sports commentator David Coleman. A typical Cole


Which foodstuff is made by coagulating soy milk, and pressing the resultant curd into blocks?

Yu Do-fu | Kyoto Travel Guide <Official> Food Culture Yu Do-fu Tofu is made by coagulating soy milk and then pressing the resulting curd into blocks. The making of tofu from soy milk is similar to processing cheese from milk. Yu do-fu is easy to make, low in calories and fat, and is ideal for dinner in the winter. Cut tofu into small cubes, put a large-sized ceramic pot over low heat at the table, add tofu into the pot and simmer, and eat boiled tofu dipping in the sauce. Be careful not to burn your tongue. Yu do-fu is one of the feature winter dishes of Kyoto. There are many yu-dofu eateries around Nanzen-ji, which are popularly known for serving the signature "Nanzenji Dofu". If you visit Nanzen-ji Temple in the winter, we recommend experiencing "Nanzenji Dofu".


Tannenberg and The Masurian Lakes, were early battles in which war?

First Battle of the Masurian Lakes Begins | World History Project Sep 9 1914 First Battle of the Masurian Lakes Begins The First Battle of the Masurian Lakes was a German offensive in the Eastern Front during the early stages of World War I. It pushed the Russian First Army back across its entire front, eventually ejecting it from Germany in disarray. Further progress was hampered by the arrival of the Russian Tenth Army on the German's left flank. Although not as devastating as the Battle of Tannenberg that took place a week earlier, the battle nevertheless upset the Russian plans into the spring of 1915. The Russian offensive in the east had started well enough, with General Rennenkampf's 1st Army (Army of the Neman) forcing the Germans westward from the border towards Königsberg. Meanwhile the Russian Second Army approached from the south, hoping to cut the Germans off in the area around the city. Instead, Colonel Max Hoffmann developed a plan to attack the Second while it attempted to move north over some particularly hilly terrain, culminating in the complete destruction of the Second Army between 26 and 30 August, 1914. The offensive was only possible due to the personal animosity between the Russian Generals; the commander of the Second, Alexander Samsonov, had publicly criticized Rennenkampf some years earlier (about the Battle of Mukden in 1905), and it is said that the two had come to blows over the matter. When Samsonov became aware of the German movements he requested that the gap between the two armies be closed up, but Rennenkampf was in no hurry to close the gap between the two armies, leaving Samsonov isolated miles to the southwest. When the nature of the German counteroffensive became clear, Rennenkampf had his troops move as quickly as possible to help, but they were simply too far to be of any use. By the time the battle proper ended on the 30 August (Samsonov committed suicide on 29 August), the closest of Rennenkampf's units, his II Corps, was still over 45 miles (70 km) from the pocket. In order to get even this close his units had to rush southward, and were now spread out over a long line running southward from just east of Königsberg. An attack by the German Eighth Army from the west would flank the entire army. Of course the Germans were also very far away, but unlike the Russians, the Germans could easily close the distance using their extensive rail network in the area. On 31 August, with Tannenberg lost, Rennenkampf had been ordered to stand his ground in case of a German attack, which was expected. Realizing his forces were too spread out to be effective, he ordered a withdrawal to a line running from Königsberg's defensive works in the north, to the Masurian Lakes near Angerburg in the south, anchored on the Omer River. Bolstering his forces were the newly-formed XXVI Corp, which he placed in front of Königsberg, moving his more experienced troops south into the main lines. His forces also included two infantry divisions held in reserve. All in all, he appeared to be in an excellent position to wait the arrival of the Russian Tenth Army, forming up to his south.


Which country in S. E. Asia consists of 17,508 islands, one of the larger ones being Sulawesi?

The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency Background: The Dutch began to colonize Indonesia in the early 17th century; Japan occupied the islands from 1942 to 1945. Indonesia declared its independence shortly before Japan's surrender, but it required four years of sometimes brutal fighting, intermittent negotiations, and UN mediation before the Netherlands agreed to transfer sovereignty in 1949. A period of sometimes unruly parliamentary democracy ended in 1957 when President SOEKARNO declared martial law and instituted "Guided Democracy." After an abortive coup in 1965 by alleged communist sympathizers, SOEKARNO was gradually eased from power. From 1967 until 1988, President SUHARTO ruled Indonesia with his "New Order" government. After rioting toppled SUHARTO in 1998, free and fair legislative elections took place in 1999. Indonesia is now the world's third most populous democracy, the world's largest archipelagic state, and the world's largest Muslim-majority nation. Current issues include: alleviating poverty, improving education, preventing terrorism, consolidating democracy after four decades of authoritarianism, implementing economic and financial reforms, stemming corruption, reforming the criminal justice system, holding the military and police accountable for human rights violations, addressing climate change, and controlling infectious diseases, particularly those of global and regional importance. In 2005, Indonesia reached a historic peace agreement with armed separatists in Aceh, which led to democratic elections in Aceh in December 2006. Indonesia continues to face low intensity armed resistance in Papua by the separatist Free Papua Movement. Geography :: INDONESIA Natural hazards: occasional floods; severe droughts; tsunamis; earthquakes; volcanoes; forest fires volcanism: Indonesia contains the most volcanoes of any country in the world - some 76 are historically active; significant volcanic activity occurs on Java, Sumatra, the Sunda Islands, Halmahera Island, Sulawesi Island, Sangihe Island, and in the Banda Sea; Merapi (elev. 2,968 m), Indonesia's most active volcano and in eruption since 2010, has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; other notable historically active volcanoes include Agung, Awu, Karangetang, Krakatau (Krakatoa), Makian, Raung, and Tambora party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation Geography - note: according to Indonesia's National Coordinating Agency for Survey and Mapping, the total number of islands in the archipelago is 13,466, of which 922 are permanently inhabited (Indonesia is the world's largest country comprised solely of islands); the country straddles the equator and occupies a strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from the Indian Ocean to the Pacific Ocean; despite having the fourth largest population in the world, Indonesia is the most heavily forested region on earth after the Amazon People and Society :: INDONESIA geographic coordinates: 6 10 S, 106 49 E time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) note: Indonesia has three time zones Administrative divisions: 31 provinces (provinsi-provinsi, singular - provinsi), 1 autonomous province*, 1 special region** (daerah-daerah istimewa, singular - daerah istimewa), and 1 national capital district*** (daerah khusus ibukota); Aceh*, Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Jakarta Raya***, Jambi, Jawa Barat (West Java), Jawa Tengah (Central Java), Jawa Timur (East Java), Kalimantan Barat (West Kalimantan), Kalimantan Selatan (South Kalimantan), Kalimantan Tengah (Central Kalimantan), Kalimantan Timur (East Kalimantan), Kalimantan Utara (North Kalimantan), Kepulauan Bangka Belitun


What type of medical instrument is a plexor?

Plexor | Define Plexor at Dictionary.com plexor noun 1. Medicine/Medical. a small hammer with a soft rubber head or the like, used in percussion for diagnostic purposes. Expand 1835-45; < Greek plêx(is) stroke, percussion + -or 2 Dictionary.com Unabridged British Dictionary definitions for plexor Expand noun 1. (med) a small hammer with a rubber head for use in percussion of the chest and testing reflexes Word Origin C19: from Greek plēxis a stroke, from plēssein to strike Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 plexor plex·or (plěk'sər) or ples·sor (plěs'ər) n. A small, usually rubber-headed hammer used alone or with a pleximeter in examination or diagnosis by percussion.    Also called percussor. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.


"Who composed the music for the ballet, ""Petrushka""?"

Petrushka Ballet :: Opera Music Video Station Opera Music Shop Petrushka Ballet Petrouchka or Petrushka is a ballet with music by Russian composer Igor Stravinsky, composed in 1910–11 and revised in 1947. Petrushka is a story of a Russian traditional puppet, Petrushka, who is made of straw and with a bag of sawdust as his body, but who comes to life and develops emotions. According to Andrew Wachtel, Petrushka is a work that fuses music, ballet, choreography and history in perfect balance. It evokes Richard Wagner’s Gesamtkunstwerk (total artwork), but with a Russian approach. Stravinsky composed the music during the winter of 1910–11 for Sergei Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes. It was premièred in Paris at the Théâtre du Châtelet on June 13, 1911 under conductor Pierre Monteux, with choreography by Mikhail Fokine and sets by Alexandre Benois. The title role was danced by Vaslav Nijinsky. The work is characterized by the so-called Petrushka chord (consisting of C major and F♯ major triads played together), a bitonality device heralding the appearance of the main character.


A portrait of the Duke of Wellington, by which artist, was stolen from the National Gallery in London in 1961, and recovered four years later?

The Duke of Wellington, Kidnapped: Looking Back on the Bizarre Theft of Goya's Masterpiece, 50 Years Later | BLOUIN ARTINFO ARTICLE The Duke of Wellington, Kidnapped: Looking Back on the Bizarre Theft of Goya's Masterpiece, 50 Years Later BY Noah Charney, Alan Hirsch | August 19, 2011 Goya's "Portrait of the Duke of Wellington," (1812-14) was stolen from the National Gallery in London by Kempton Bunton in 1961. (Courtesy Wikimedia Commons) The 50th anniversary of the only successful theft in the history of London's National Gallery was "celebrated" yesterday, half a century after a brazen thief (or thieves) miraculously stole Goya's "Portrait of the Duke of Wellington" on August 21, 1961. Perhaps the most bizarre art theft in history, the Goya heist baffled police for years: someone had apparently climbed through an unlocked window into a bathroom in the National Gallery, evaded guards and a technologically sophisticated security system, and made off with a national treasure that had recently been at the center of controversy.  [content:shareblock] The 1812 portrait of England's foremost war hero had been the property of the Duke of Leeds, who put it up for auction in March of 1961. Its purchase by an American oil tycoon outraged the British public. To prevent the removal of the painting from the United Kingdom, the British government invoked a rarely used law to freeze the sale. The government then hastily raised £140,000 (the equivalent of roughly £2 million, or $3 million, today), matching the sale price and thereby keeping the painting in England. On August 3, it went on display in the National Gallery where, thanks in part to the recent attention, it attracted huge crowds. Less than three weeks later, the painting disappeared. [content:advertisement-center] The theft drew enormous media attention and captured the popular imagination. The painting appears in the first James Bond film, "Dr. No" (which happened to be filmed shortly after the theft), where it decorates the villain's Caribbean lair. Meanwhile, Scotland Yard's initial investigation centered on a bizarre ransom note, received three weeks after the theft, which implied that the painting was stolen as a protest over the BBC's licensing fee. Surely this was a joke? Perhaps, but the author of the note identified marks on the back of the painting, suggesting he indeed possessed it. His flamboyant though somewhat childish letter expressed outrage that the British government would spend such a large sum on a painting while elderly citizens had to pay to watch television. The Goya would be returned, the ransomer suggested, if a charitable fund of equivalent value, £140,000, were established to pay for television licenses for old age pensioners. The police refused to negotiate with the thief (British law forbade them from doing so). Then a second, equally bizarre ransom letter arrived: "Goya Com 3. The Duke is safe. His temperature cared for — his future uncertain. The painting is neither to be cloakroomed or kiosked, as such would defeat our purpose and leave us to ever open arrest. We want pardon or the right to leave the country — banishment? We ask that some nonconformist type of person with the fearless fortitude of a Montgomery start the fund for £140,000. No law can touch him. Propriety may frown — but God must smile." The police again declined to respond, prompting a third ransom letter, this one taunting the authorities: "Terms are same.... An amnesty in my case would not be out of order. The Yard are looking for a needle in a haystack, but they haven't a clue where the haystack is... I am offering three-pennyworth of old Spanish firewood in exchange for 140,000 of human happiness." When several years of investigation moved the police no closer to identifying the culprit, the Daily Mirror got into the act. The tabloid offered to exhibit the painting and raise money for charity if the thief returned it. A few weeks later, a note arrived at the newspaper's offices with a luggage check ticket for the Birmingham rail station. The ticket yielded an astonishing


The premiere of which ballet by Stravinsky, in Paris in 1913, provoked a riot among the audience?

The Rite of Spring 1913: Why did it provoke a riot? - Telegraph Classical Music The Rite of Spring 1913: Why did it provoke a riot? The Rite of Spring caused an outrage on its premiere in Paris a century ago.  But was it the music or the dance? Ivan Hewett investigates. Mischief-makers: Igor Stravinsky with Diaghilev Photo: Hulton Archive By Ivan Hewett , Classical Music Critic 12:47PM BST 16 May 2013 It was 100 years ago that the most famous scandal in the history of the arts took place, at a swanky new theatre in Paris. Anyone who was anyone was there. The cosmopolitan German aristocrat Count Harry Kessler said that “it was the most dazzling house I’ve ever seen in Paris”. Jean Cocteau wrote that “the smart audience in tails and tulle, diamonds and ospreys, was interspersed with the suits and bandeaux of the aesthetic crowd. The latter would applaud novelty simply to show their contempt for the people in the boxes… Innumerable shades of snobbery, super-snobbery and inverted snobbery were represented.” What drew them on the night of May 29 1913 was the whiff of something potentially outrageous: a brand-new ballet from the Ballets Russes, which had entranced and shocked Paris ever since their first appearance there in 1909. What gave the event an extra frisson was that this Rite of Spring was the product of the most savage of all these so-called “Northern savages”. Igor Stravinsky, the composer, had scored a massive hit the previous year with Petrushka, which added an exciting element of modernist collage to colourful Russian folklore. Vaslav Nijinsky, the choreographer, had caused a minor scandal a few months previously, with his blatantly erotic portrayal of the lovesick faun in Debussy’s L’Après-midi d’un faune. Stravinsky was hoping the new ballet would be an even bigger hit than Petrushka. “From all indications I can see that this piece is bound to 'emerge’ in a way that rarely happens,” he wrote gleefully to Nicholas Roerich, who was the guiding spirit behind the ballet’s vision of pagan Russia. It’s a fair bet that Diaghilev, the great entrepreneur behind the Ballets Russes, was hoping for something more than an emergence. He wanted a scandal. Related Articles 13 Apr 2013 The Ballets Russes in Paris in 1913 And he got one, though what actually happened that night is something of a mystery. The dancer Dame Marie Rambert remembered that “a shout went up in the gallery: 'Un docteur!’. Somebody else shouted louder, 'Un dentiste!’” Kessler said that people started to whisper and joke almost immediately. The conductor of the premiere, Pierre Monteux, was told by one of his double-bass players that “many a gentleman’s shiny top hat or soft fedora was ignominiously pulled down by an opponent over his eyes and ears, and canes were brandished like menacing implements of combat all over the theatre.” These are just a few of dozens of eyewitness reports. As the musicologist Richard Taruskin points out, the Rite is the most over-documented premiere in history, and yet so many things are obscure. Was it the choreography that annoyed people, or the music ? Were the police really called? Was it true that missiles were thrown, and challenges to a duel offered? Were the creators booed at the end, or cheered? There were certainly plenty of good reasons for outrage, starting with the high, almost strangled bassoon melody that begins the work, soon draped with fluttering, twittering woodwind sounds. It’s often said that the pulsating rhythms of the Rite of Spring are what caused the outrage, but pulsating rhythms at least have an appeal at a visceral level (an appeal certainly felt at the Rite’s premiere, where according to one eye witness one excited onlooker beat out the rhythms on the bald pate of the man in front). It’s more likely that the audience was appalled and disbelieving at the level of dissonance, which seemed to many like sheer perversity. “The music always goes to the note next to the one you expect,” wrote one exasperated critic. At a deeper level, the music negates the very thing that for most people gives it meanin


In which American, science fiction TV series of the 1990's, did Jennifer Lien play the part of Kes?

Why was Jennifer Lien fired? | SFF Chronicles Why was Jennifer Lien fired? Neo Red Pixie Boot Wearer Joined: I have heard people call it a brutal firing while others said she deserved it. What happened? I'd really like ro know if someone wcan give an unbiased account   Me too! Me too! I think that was probably one of the most stupid decisions Voyager's ptb made. She was a great character and I still miss her. If anyone has the scoop, please tell us!!!!!! :star::star::star: i never really liked her that much, i thought her character was too trite but maybe firing her was a little harsh - i always assumed she quite - either way i'd definetly like to know why.   Dave Wherever I Am, I'm There Staff Member Joined: Way on Down South, London Town Officially, it was said that she quit because her character was not being developed. There is always more to the truth, but I haven't heard anything. I've said before here that I always felt her character should have been developed much more, even going as far as writing to Jeri Taylor about it. And ironically, her telekinetic powers did actually get some development in 'Cold Fire' VOY just as she was about to leave. If only they had gone further.   she was FIRED?! I neva new that! I liked her! I liked her more then Seven anyway (paaah) :flash: 170 I didn't know she was fired for sure, either. It's weird how there's always so much info./gossip about everything Trek and yet this still remains a mystery? Why? Foul play????? I agree that Kes' character was terrific and could have undergone great story arcs and character development. Maybe she was fired because she didn't have big enough breasts, hence her replacement. :dead: Sometimes I liked Seven (though never her costumes or the camera constantly ogling her implants) and sometimes she had great material. Jeri was a variable actress, sometimes good, sometimes great, sometimes not so good. But I still think they either should have kept the Kes character and NOT introduced Seven of Nine or had them both together. There could have been some awesome storylines with Kes and Seven. They would have played off of each other beautifully, imo! Oh well...there's always the first few season repeats! :star::star::star: Wow... This is one of the hottest and most controversial topics on some trek related bulletin boards. But here is the story, heck I have heard it so many times, I can say it by heart. Originally Garrett Wang (Harry Kim) was to be fired from Voyager. All cast members original contracts (with the exception of Kate Mulgrew I think) expired at the end of season 3, and where being renegotiated. Originally the cliffhanger to season 3 was not suppose to involve the Borg or Species 8472, but actually meant to be "Year of Hell, Part 1", already forshadowed in the Kes episode "Before and After". Also it is to note that "Year of Hell" orginally didn't involve time ships, reset buttons or any of that jazz, it was a medium sized arc for season 4 showing what happens when Voyager gets into bad trouble. But at the time it was decided that some new fresh blood needed to be introduced into the show (to help boost the ratings), and thus the producers decided on creating the character of a Human, Aassimilated into the Borg at a young age and then forced by Janeway to be reintroduced back into human society. So the entire Scorpian plot was developed from there. Now the sticking point was that the producers wanted to keep the cast at 9 members, not have it go up to 10, so somebody had to go. And originally it was to be Garrett Wang. The Producers didn't particularly like Wang and he was known to be lazy (he was suspended from 2 episodes late in season 3 - "Blood Fever" and another one due to his constant lateness to the set every day). At the end of Scorpian Part 1, Harry Kim, after being striked by Spieces 8472 was dying - thus killing off the character. But something happened during the summer hiatus that changed everything - Garrett Wang was choosen as one of People Magazine's 50 most beautiful people for 1997. The producers, for goodness know


Of which common item was a Daguerreotype an early example?

Cycleback.com: Guide to Identifying Daguerreotypes, Tintypes and Ambrotypes     Tintype: Early image on a thin iron plate resembling             tin. By far the most common of the three for sports subjects. Daguerreotype: Early mage on a silver-coated copper             plate. The rarest and most valuable for sports subjects. Ambrotype: Early image on a transparent glass plate             with a black backing. Rare for sports subjects. People are surpised to find out that many 1800s photographs             were not paper but glass and metal. The standard metal and glass             photographs are the Duaguerreotypes, ambrotypes and tintypes.             These are popular with collectors and come in different sizes             and presentations. Daguerreotypes and ambrotypes were originally housed in special             cases discussed later in this chapter. The tintype can be found             au natural, in cases, frames and paper envelopes with openings             for viewing. These metal and glass photographs were the dominant form of             photography until albumen prints. The Daguerreotype was the first             practical photograph and proved popular with the public. It was             replaced by the cheaper Ambrotype, which was replaced in popular             use by the tintype and albumen carte de visite. The tintype waned             in popularity by about 1890, but was produced into the early             1900s. The Daguerreotypes/ambrotypes/tintypes (for the rest of this             chapter referred to as 'D/A/T' shortness' sake) were made with             a different photographic process than photographic prints on             paper. With modern paper photography a glass or plastic film             negative is first made, and this negative is used to 'print'             the image on paper. With the D/A/T process, a negative image             is made on a solid plate of metal or glass, and that is the final             product. Due to a special black backing, the image appears to             the viewer to be positive tonally (dark to light), though is             reverse laterally (left to right) as with a negative. Any letters             on an athlete's uniform will be backwards. While countless paper prints could be made with a negative,             almost every D/A/T you find is unique. The photographic process             produced one and only one photo. There was a process for making             copies, but it was rarely used. Amongst today's collectors Daguerreotypes are considered the             most desirable and attractive, the Ambrotype the next most desirable             and the tintype third.   Sizes D/A/T photographs come in many sizes. Metal and glass plates             were manufactured then sold to the photographer or photography             studio. The photographer could use the entire plate to make a             large photograph, or, as was more common, cut up the plate to             make multiple smaller photographs. As a result, most tintypes             have irregular cuts including crooked edges and clipped corners. The listing below this paragraph is a general size range for             these photos. Variations are to be expected. Size is often described             as a fraction of the plate: 'full plate,' 'half plate,' and so             on. The full plate is the rarest and most desirable size with             collectors. The half plate is the next rarest. There are rare             and highly desirable examples of double full plate, about twice             the size of a full p


"Jean Alexander played which part in the TV series, ""Last of the Summer Wine""?"

Jean Alexander, Coronation Street's Hilda Ogden, dies aged 90 | Television & radio | The Guardian Jean Alexander, Coronation Street's Hilda Ogden, dies aged 90 Much-loved actor starred in the TV soap and Last of the Summer Wine Jean Alexander as Hilda Ogden in the Street. Photograph: ITV/Rex/Shutterstock Jean Alexander, Coronation Street's Hilda Ogden, dies aged 90 Much-loved actor starred in the TV soap and Last of the Summer Wine Close This article is 3 months old Former Coronation Street actress Jean Alexander, who starred as Hilda Ogden in the soap for over two decades, has died aged 90. Alexander, who was best known for playing Ogden in the soap but also starred in Last of the Summer Wine, passed away in hospital on Friday. Her family had been hoping to celebrate her birthday this week, Alexander’s niece Sonia Hearld told the Guardian. “She was a great person and she will be missed,” Hearld said on Friday night. Jean Alexander obituary Read more She added: “At the moment, it is a shock to the family and we are really just getting round to coming to terms with it. We were hoping to be celebrating her birthday this week, but that hadn’t happened.” “She was in Coronation Street and Last of the Summer Wine. She had a very well-known face – she was once dubbed the all-time favourite soap star, I believe. She was part of people’s lives. She was very well liked in her time.” Pinterest Jean Alexander as Hilda with her on-screen husband Stan Ogden, played by Bernard Youens. Photograph: Granada TV Alexander has previously been quoted as saying that she was confused by her own popularity. “I think probably because she was a downtrodden, poor little soul. I think people were sorry for Hilda,” she said in 2005. “She went plodding away, doing her best all the time, always aspiring to better things. I liked playing her. She was a gift to play, but I wouldn’t want her living next door to me.” On Friday, Hearld said her aunt was a “very private lady” who was “dedicated to her work and determined to be professional”. She added that Alexander was “very generous” with fans who approached her. “She was always very good to her fans – she said, ‘They put me where I am.’ People used to stop her just to say hello and how much they missed her. She was a great person and she will be sadly missed.” Hearld said Alexander was taken into hospital on Tuesday and was discharged after a couple of days and allowed to return to her nursing home. But on Tuesday, Alexander was readmitted to hospital, where she died peacefully on Friday. “I saw her last week when we went to see her in hospital. She was feeling a little bit poorly but she was talking to me and my husband quite happily,” Hearld said. “There was nothing telling us anything was wrong – she was just generally weak and under the weather. We have not had the details.” Alexander brought a lot of her own personality to her role and “was very observant about people”, Hearld said. “She was very glamorous – I remember when I was about four or five seeing her get ready for an evening, wearing really pretty clothes and high heels. She occasionally let me traipse around the house in them. She was a good role model and she had a drive that carried her through.” Alexander played Hilda Ogden in Coronation Street for 23 years to 1987 and, after leaving, took a role in Last of the Summer Wine as Auntie Wainwright. In 2010, she revealed that she had come under pressure to put back on her curlers and return to Coronation Street as Hilda, but had always turned the idea down. “It would be impossible for me to re-create Hilda,” the Liverpool Echo reported her as saying. “She would be totally different from the scrubber who left the Street. My agent said they had tried a number of times to get me back, but the answer was always the same.” Pinterest Arthur Leslie as Jack Walker, Doris Speed as Annie Walker and Jean Alexander as Hilda Ogden pictured together in the Rovers Return pub in 1967. Photograph: Popperfoto/Getty Images “I didn’t hear anything about the money involved but no, I’m sorry, after 23 years I coul


Antietam and Fredericksburg were high casualty battles in which war?

Antietam Casualties (Dead and Wounded) during the Battle Of Antietam of the American Civil War Dead Soldiers Gathered For Interment The number of casualties at the Battle of Antietam, a.k.a Battle of Sharpsburg, still stand as the highest single-day casualty total in all of American history. Concealing terrain, the number of artillery pieces involved, the desperate nature of General Robert E. Lee’s stand with the Potomac River near his back, and the determination of the Union men of Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan’s Army of the Potomac to destroy Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia before it could escape back into Virginia all contributed to the intense, close-quarter fighting and high casualties of America’s bloodiest day. Casualty Totals for the Battle of Antietam Exact casualty totals cannot be determined, but these numbers compiled by The Antietam Battlefield Board show where and when the greatest losses occurred.   Morning Phase: primarily north end of battlefield, Miller’s cornfield, East Woods, West Woods UNION: Engaged, 23,600; Casualties, 7,280 CONFEDERATE: Engaged, 20,100; Casualties, 6,580 TOTAL: Engaged, 43,700; Casualties, 13,860   Mid-Day Phase:  primarily center of field, Sunken Road aka Bloody Lane UNION: Engaged, 10,000; Casualties, 2,900 CONFEDERATE: Engaged, 6,800; Casualties, 2,600 TOTAL: Engaged, 16,800; Casualties, 5,500   Afternoon Phase: primarily south end of field—Burnside Bridge, A. P. Hill’s counterattack UNION: Engaged, 13,800; Casualties, 7,150 CONFEDERATE: Engaged, 7,150; Casualties, 1,120 TOTAL: Engaged, 20,950; Casualties, 3,720 Killed, Wounded and Missing at the Battle of Antietam The Official Records of the War of the Rebellion give these numbers: Killed: Union, 2,100; Confederate, 1,550 TOTAL: 3,650 Wounded: Union, 9,550; Confederate, 7,750 TOTAL: 17,300 Missing or Captured: Union, 750; Confederate, 1,020 TOTAL: 1,770


For whose murder was James Hanratty hanged in 1962, a case which became known as the A6 murder?

Hanratty family call for murder case review | UK news | The Guardian UK news Hanratty family call for murder case review Fresh review of evidence needed, says family of James Hanratty who was hanged in 1962 for A6 murder James Hanratty, who was hanged in 1962 for the A6 murder. His family have called for a fresh review of the evidence. Photograph: PA Thursday 30 December 2010 05.34 EST First published on Thursday 30 December 2010 05.34 EST Close This article is 6 years old The family of James Hanratty, who was hanged for murder in 1962 , are calling for the case to be reviewed again. Hanratty, a petty thief, was found guilty of murdering scientist Michael Gregsten, 36, and shooting his lover Valerie Storie, 22, in a case that became known as the A6 murder. It was alleged that after surprising the pair in a cornfield in Dorney Reach, Berkshire, Hanratty forced them to drive to Deadman's Hill, south of Bedford, where Storie, a laboratory assistant was repeatedly raped and then shot along with Gregsten. She survived despite being shot five times. Hanratty, 25, was hanged two months later for the crime but his family have always protested his innocence, in one of Britain's longest-running alleged miscarriages of justice. An appeal eight years ago was comprehensively dismissed when the court of appeal ruled that there was evidence to show "beyond doubt" that Hanratty was guilty. At the time, the court said DNA analysis of garments recovered from the scene in 1961 had provided "certain proof" he had killed Gregsten. Hanratty's family say the clothing could have been contaminated and want the Criminal Cases Review Commission to order a fresh review of the evidence. The family's lawyers are preparing a case to go before the CCRC in the new year. Hanratty's brother Michael told BBC Radio 4's Today programme: "We are talking about a crime scene sample being in the same folder as all Jimmy's fibres, blood samples, hairs – all in the same folder. "Jimmy didn't do that [murder]. I can assure you that – 100%, 120%. He never hurt a soul. The day before the execution, his last words were: 'Mick, I am completely innocent. Look after mum and dad. Keep an eye on the newspapers, this in years to come will come out.' Now he would never have said that. It would have been easier to say nothing and just go." The case is being supported by the former Private Eye editor Richard Ingrams, who investigated the case with the journalist Paul Foot. Ingrams, who edits the Oldie magazine, was this morning's guest editor of Today. He said he thought it was a "basic case of injustice". "It is one of those murder stories that is rather fascinating because it is such an improbable story but I lived with it for many years at Private Eye," said Ingrams. Sir Geoffrey Bindman, the Hanratty family's solicitor, said DNA testing was not always reliable. "There's a difference between whether DNA is infallible and reliable and what the evidence is that the particular substance from which the DNA was taken is linked to the crime," he said. "That's where the doubts arise and they can arise from different ways if the DNA isn't tested properly – the tests maybe defective, there may be contamination. There are a number of ways you can undermine DNA evidence." Hanratty's conviction was based largely on Storie's evidence. Storie, who uses a wheelchair, failed to pick him out of the first police identity parade. But at a second identity parade she identified the killer as Hanratty, recognising him, she explained, chiefly by his voice. Hanratty said at the time of attack he was 250 miles from the scene, in a bed-and-breakfast in Rhyl, north Wales. The landlady backed his claim, and in the years after his execution, numerous witnesses came forward to support his version of events. An appeal against the conviction was heard by the court of appeal on 13 March 1962, but dismissed. Hanratty, who was among the last people to go to the gallows in Britain, told his family: "I'm dying tomorrow but I'm innocent. Clear my name."


What name is given to the cooked and clarified butter, much used in Indian cuisine?

Clarified Butter and Butter Ghee, Whats Cooking America  Clarified Butter and Butter Ghee   Clarified Butter and Butter Ghee are also known as Liquid Gold.  I know that regular butter is fantastic, but believe it or not, butter can be made to taste even better! The only difference in making both Clarified Butter and Butter Ghee, is the length of the cooking time.  Unlike cooking oils, butter is not 100% fat – but only approximately 80% fat and 20% water.  When the water is removed, you are left with pure butterfat which is also know as Clarified Butter or Butter Ghee. Clarified Butter and Butter Ghee are usually used for frying and sauteing.  You can use clarified butter the same as you would regular butter, but I tend to reserve clarified butter or butter ghee for dishes where you’re really going to taste the butter in the dish.   Clarified Butter: Also called drawn butter.  Regular butter is made up of butterfat, milk solids, and water.  Clarified butter is the translucent golden butterfat left over after the milk solids and water are removed.  In short, clarified butter is just butter that contains only pure butterfat.  It has a higher smoke point than regular butter, thus allowing you to be able to cook at higher temperatures, and won’t spoil as quickly.     Butter Ghee: Clarified butter and ghee are not the same.  Ghee is clarified butter that has been cooked longer to remove all the moisture, and the milk solids are browned (caramelized) in the fat and then strained out.  This gives a rich nutty taste.  Ghee has a longer shelf life, both refrigerated and at room temperature.  It is traditionally used in Indian cuisine.   Making Clarified Butter and Ghee Tips and Hints:   Type of Butter Used:  Always use unsalted butter.  Use organic butter or the best butter you can purchase.  Cheap butter contains lots of water and chemicals, plus it burns much faster.  When making clarified butter always start with at least 25% more unsalted butter than the amount of clarified butter needed, as the volume is reduced during the melting and straining process. 1 pound of butter = about 1 1/2 cups clarified butter or ghee.   Type of Pan Used:  Use a heavy bottomed and deep stainless steel pan.  Make sure the pan you will be using is clean and dry. Chef’s Tip – Use a double boiler.  This let you safely clarify your butter while busy elsewhere in the kitchen.  Never cover the pan during the whole cooking process.   Low Heat:  Use low heat so the butter will not burn.  Yes, turning up the heat will melt the butter faster, but the milk solids may begin to burn.  For fast melting, cut the unsalted butter into pieces and melt slowly in a heavy saucepan for approximately 30 minutes. Storing clarified butter and ghee:  They can both be stored, covered, without refrigeration in a glass or earthen jar for about six (6) months.  At room temperature, they become semi-sold.  With refrigeration, they both harden and can be stored, covered, for about one 91) year.  Do not let any water get into your clarified butter or ghee jar.  A drop of water can easily promote bacteria and spoil them. Using clarified butter and ghee:  Clarified butter and ghee is great to saute with because it does not burn as easily as ordinary butter.  It is useful in all kinds of sauce making, especially the butter-based sauces like Hollandaise Sauce .  It is also a delicious accompaniment for lobster or crab.  Use in place of regular butter in your cooking.   How To Make Clarified Butter – How To Make Butter Ghee:   The only difference in making both clarified butter and butter ghee, is the length of the cooking time.  The additional Ghee directions are in blue print below. Making Clarified Butter: Place one (1) pound of unsalted butter in your pan.  Over low heat, melt the butter.  When the butter has completely melted, continue to heat it over low heat. When the melted butter starts boiling, it will begin to foam and sputter a lot at first as the water boils off.  Continue boiling the butter, uncovered. As the butter melts, it will slowly separate into three (3) layers: T


What is the full name of the Australian National Rugby League team from Melbourne?

Team names for Australian sporting clubs Email Australian sports team names What makes a good name for a sporting team? It seems that there is no universal answer as in various sporting organisations, different kinds of names are embraced by different kinds of people. Around the world, soccer clubs have shown a fondness for abstract concepts like United, Galaxy and Cosmos. In Australia, the same pattern has been seen with clubs named after things like Glory, Victory, Roar and even FC. For those not accustomed to soccer’s culture, the abstract names can sound a little from outer space. For example, with their name, was Melbourne Victory afraid that fans might think they aspired to Melbourne Nin-all draw? Was Glory and its purple colour coding a reference to morning glories or glory holes?   While soccer fans like abstract names, AFL supporters seem to like things that can fly. Specifically, birds like Swans, Hawks, Eagles, Magpies, Crows and war machinery like Bombers. They also like felines like Lions, Tigers and Cats. Oddly for an Australian game, the AFL only has one uniquely Australian animal as a moniker, the endangered Kangaroos. It has three slightly abstract names in Power, Suns and Dockers. Religion is not forgotten either, with Demons and Saints appealing to two different kinds of flocks. Ironically, the Saints represent an area of Melbourne traditionally thought of as being inhabited by sinners (prostitutes and drug dealers) while the Demons represent the MCC members, who would consider themselves saints (at least publicly.) Traditionally, rugby league clubs didn't  use monikers, but informerly crowds developed their own names for the clubs and these were even weirder than those used in soccer. Canterbury were the Berries and then became the Country Bumpkins. Parramatta were the Fruit Pickers. Penrith were the Chocolate Soldiers, which probably did wonders to help sales of Freddo Frogs at league games. As marketing theory entered rugby league, these names gave way to the names of foreign animals such as Rabbits, Bears, Panthers, Roosters, Bulldogs, and Tigers. When the league started expanding nationwide, the names of American NFL teams like Raiders, Cowboys, Steelers, Mariners, Titans, Chargers, and Broncos were favoured.   Rugby union clubs like to associate themselves with an Australian image. The NSW team is Waratahs, named after a NSW flower and the ACT team is Brumbies, named after the wild horses of the southern highlands. Victoria uses Rebels with a reference to the Eureka Stockade. The two remaining states, Western Australia and Queensland, use the abstract monikers of Force and Reds respectively. Overall, most sports have steered clear of Australian animals for their monikers. This can be partly explained due to a cultural cringe, and also because the Australian animals don't usually have intimidating sounding names. For example, animals like wombats seem to conjure images of a cross between a rat and a teddy bear wobbling along. Likewise, quokkas sound like some kind of bizarre religious cult. Perhaps the quoll, the mainland’s largest marsupial predator, is the best example of an animal being overlooked because of the sound of its name. A one syllable name tends to be the domain of herbivores like the cow, horse, or sheep. It is in the second syllable where the predators such as tigers, cobras, lions, and pumas rein supreme. Admittedly, a few predators carry over in the third syllable, such as hyena, crocodile and chimpanzee, but these start to develop a comical edge. Fortunately, one syllable names are better than those in the 4th syllable and above, such as hippopotamus and snuffleupagus, as these sound ridiculous. On rare occasions, some predators have been able to get away with a one syllable name, such as shark and hawk, but this is only because the k gives their names an abrupt end. Quoll can just be drawn out far too much, almost like an old man drooling. While teams representing areas of Australia have generally avoided any kind of Australian image, teams


"Which knighted British composer wrote the musical score for the 1957 film, ""Bridge on the River Kwai""?"

Malcolm Arnold: The Bridge on the River Kwai - Classic FM Classic FM Become a VIP Malcolm Arnold: The Bridge on the River Kwai The epic World War II film won 7 Oscars including Best Actor for Alec Guinness and Best Director for David Lean. Released: 1957 Directed by: David Lean Cast: Alec Guinness, William Holden, Jack Hawkins, Sessue Hayakawa The Film: After settling his differences with a Japanese PoW camp commander, a British colonel co-operates to oversee his men's construction of a railway bridge for their captors - while oblivious to a plan by the Allies to destroy it. Composer: British composer Sir Malcolm Arnold . (1921-2006) won an Academy Award and a Grammy for his score for The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957). Other notable film works include The Sound Barrier (1952), The Roots of Heaven (1958), The Key (1958) and Whistle down the Wind (1961).


Horntail, Common Green Swedish Short Snout and Chinese Fireball are all types of which fictional creature?

Dragon | Harry Potter Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia — Ron Weasley regarding dragons and their nature [src] Dragonologists transporting dragons across a vast distance The motto of Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry is Draco dormiens numquam titillandus; Latin for Never tickle a sleeping dragon. The Hogwarts gamekeeper, Rubeus Hagrid , loved and adored dragons, briefly owning a Norwegian Ridgeback named Norbert , who turned out to be a female and was subsequently renamed Norberta. [2] In 1993 , the Minister for Magic , Cornelius Fudge , suggested placing dragons to guard the school, after being compelled to remove the Dementors , something that Professor Dumbledore thought Hagrid would be very happy with. [3] A Ukrainian Ironbelly guarding high security vaults at Gringotts Many useful materials come from dragons, but they are hard to obtain (see Uses below). It takes over a dozen wizards just to stun a dragon. Muggles believe that dragons are a mere myth, but have been known on occasion to glimpse these beasts. To prevent them from being seen by Muggles, and to protect them from poaching, dragons are kept on dragon reserves around the world, most of which are far from human habitation. Dragons cannot be domesticated, despite individuals trying to do so. However, it is possible to condition them via torture to make them somewhat subservient, as Gringotts Wizarding Bank had done to the one guarding the lower vaults , who had been trained to expect pain upon hearing a certain noise. The selling of dragon products is closely regulated by the Ministry of Magic, and only dragon species that are over-breeding are killed to make these items. Those who study dragons are known as dragonologist. Uses Harry Potter faces a Hungarian Horntail during the first task of the Triwizard Tournament Dragons were used in the First Task of the Triwizard Tournament of 1994 , in which the champions had to retrieve a golden egg from a nesting mother. The varieties used were: the Hungarian Horntail, the Chinese Fireball, the Swedish Short-Snout, and a Welsh Green. Ron Weasley 's brother Charlie worked with dragons in Romania at the time, and helped transport the dragons used in the Tournament. [4] Dragons are also used to guard certain vaults at Gringotts Wizarding Bank , and one was used by Harry Potter , Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger to escape the bank following their break-in in 1998 . [5] Though they cannot be domesticated, there is one known instance of a dragon being used as a mount. In May 1998 , Harry Potter, Ron Weasley, and Hermione Granger rode on the back of a dragon, though they had trouble maintaining a grip on their steed, and could not control its flight. [5] During the 1993–1994 school year , before playing in the Quidditch final against Slytherin , Harry dreamed that the Slytherin team were flying on dragons instead of broomsticks . When he awoke he realised that they would not be allowed to ride dragons. [3] The dragon model, like the model in the First Task of Triwizard Tournament of 1994, was used in a roast chestnuts sale , near Weasleys' Wizard Wheezes , in Diagon Alley to hold the chestnut in place. Material The Catalonian Fireball appears to be an early draft on the Chinese Fireball because these were notes for Dragon Breeding for Pleasure and Profit on J. K. Rowling's Official Site . The same for the Portuguese Long-Snout which seems to be an early draft for the Romanian Longhorn and the Swedish Short-Snout . According to Fantastic Beasts and Where To Find Them , in 1932 , there was a dragon attack at a muggle beach that a family of wizards on holiday defeated. It earned them the Order of Merlin , First Class. It is known as the Ilfracombe Incident. In the credits of the film adaptation of Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire , it says "No Dragons were harmed in the making of this movie". This probably refers to the scene in the movie where the Hungarian Horntail falls off the bridge. Madam Rosmerta owns a silk dressing gown embroidered with dragons, which she was wearing on the night in June 1997 when Harry Potte


Measuring over 26,000 square miles in area, which is Africa's largest lake?

Interesting Geography Facts Interesting Geography Facts Share By Matt Rosenberg Geographers search high and low for interesting facts about our world. They want to know "why" but also love to know what is the biggest/smallest, farthest/closest, and longest/shortest. Geographers also want to answer confusing questions, such as "What time is it at the South Pole?" Discover the world with some of these very fascinating facts. What Place on Earth Is Farthest From the Center of the Earth? Due to the bulge of earth at the Equator , the peak of Ecuador's Mount Chimborazo (20,700 feet or 6,310 meters) is the point farthest from the center of the Earth. Thus, the mountain claims the title of being the "highest point on Earth" (although Mt. Everest is still the highest point above sea level). Mt. Chimorazo is an extinct volcano and is about one degree south of the Equator. How Does the Boiling Temperature of Water Change With Altitude? While at sea level, the boiling point of water is 212° Fahrenheit, it changes if you are higher than that. continue reading below our video 10 Best Universities in the United States How much does it change? For every 500-foot increase in elevation, the boiling point drops one degree. Thus, at a city 5,000 feet above sea level, water boils at 202°F. Why Is Rhode Island Called an Island? The state commonly called Rhode Island actually has the official name of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. "Rhode Island" is the island where the city of Newport sits today; however, the state also occupies mainland and three other major islands. Which Country Is Home to the Most Muslims? The world's fourth most populous country has the largest population of Muslims. Approximately 87% of Indonesia's population are Muslims; thus, with a population of 216 million, Indonesia is home to approximately 188 million Muslims. The religion of Islam spread to Indonesia during the Middle Ages. Which Countries Produce and Export the Most Rice? Rice is a food staple worldwide and China is the world's leading rice producing country, producing just over one-third (33.9%) of the world's rice supply. Thailand is the world's leading rice exporter, however, and it is exporting 28.3% of the world's rice export. India is the world's second largest producer and exporter. What Are the Seven Hills of Rome? Rome was famously built upon seven hills. Rome was said to have been founded when Romulus and Remus, twin sons of Mars, ended up at the foot of the hill Palatine and founded the city. The other six hills are Capitoline (the seat of government), Quirinal, Viminal, Esquiline, Caelian, and Aventine. What Is Africa's Largest Lake? Africa's largest lake is Lake Victoria, located in eastern Africa at the border of Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania. It's the world's second largest freshwater lake, following Lake Superior in North America. Lake Victoria was named by John Hanning Speke, a British explorer and the first European to see the lake (1858), in honor of Queen Victoria. Which Country Is Least Densely Populated? The country with the world's lowest population density is Mongolia with a population density of approximately four people per square mile. Mongolia's 2.5 million people occupy over 600,000 square miles of land. Mongolia's overall density is limited as only a tiny proportion of the land can be used for agriculture, with the vast majority of the land only able to be used for nomadic herding. How Many Governments Exist in the United States? The 1997 Census of Government says it best... "There were 87,504 governmental units in the United States as of June 1997. In addition to the Federal Government and the 50 state governments, there were 87,453 units of local government. Of these, 39,044 are general purpose local governments - 3,043 county governments and 36,001 subcounty general purpose governments, including 13,726 school distict governments and 34,683 special district governments." What's the Difference Between a Capital and a Capitol? The word "capitol" (with an "o") is used to refer to the building where a legislature (such as the


Maureen Cox was the first wife of which famous musical personality?

::::BIOGRAFIA MAUREEN COX:::: Maureen Cox Mary Cox was born August 4, 1946 in Liverpool, England. She was a hairdresser by the time she was 16 years old, and, like many teenagers in Liverpool, was interested in the new Merseybeat sound. She was particularly interested in one band, The Beatles, who performed regularly at the Cavern Club (which Cox frequented). At the time, The Beatles recently had a new new drummer, Richard Starkey, (Ringo Starr), from rival group Rory Storm & The Hurricanes (see also Iris Caldwell , Rory's sister). One day the hairdresser spotted Ringo on the street and chased after him. She was able to get StarrÕs autograph; he wrote his license number on the paper as well. Paul McCartney, however, was the first Beatle Cox kissed. Her friend made a bet saying that she couldnÕt kiss Paul, but Maureen was determined to win. Fighting her way backstage, Cox went right up to McCartney and kissed him (while her friend burst into tears, thinking that Cox wasn't up to the dare). Meanwhile, Cox waited for Starr to come out, for she still liked him best. She went up and kissed him as well. It was still three weeks later until Ringo took any notice of her. Once he did, they went out regularly together, often with a friend of Cox. This friend was in the way, but Cox didnÕt want to offend her by telling her she couldnÕt come along. Although Cox was dating Starr, she would still go to Cavern performances to watch the Beatles. It was getting more and more dangerous for her to go. As Cox recalled in 1967: Ò(The girls) used to hang around the Cavern all day long, just on the off chance of seeing them. TheyÕd come out of the lunchtime session and just stand outside all afternoon, queuing up for the evening. Ritchie and I once went past at midnight and they were already queuing up for the next day....The object was to get as near the front row as possible, so that they could see the Beatles, and be seen. I never joined the queue till about two or three hours before the Cavern opened. It frightened me. There would be fights and rows among the girls. When the doors opened the first ones would tear in, knocking each other over. TheyÕd keep their rollers in and jeans on for the first groups. Then when it got near the time for the Beatles to come on, if there was a gang of four say, they would go off in turns to the lavatory with their little cases to get changed and made up. So when the Beatles came on theyÕd look smashing, as if theyÕd just arrived...They were obviously dying to be noticed and get to know one of them. But no, it was really just everything about being there. It was terrible, the mad screams when they came on...." CoxÕs life was at stake once some of the fans figured out that she was dating Ringo. She was almost killed once and regularly beaten up by the girls. But their relationship would end for some time, since The Beatles were about to become famous. Cox visited Starr when his tonsils were taken out, and their relationship began again. At this point, Cox wasnÕt well known in the press. That was until she went on holiday with Starr, Paul McCartney, and his girlfriend, Jane Asher . Cox, afraid her parents would object, went on this holiday without her parents knowing. When her name was all over the British tabloids, they knew where she was. Maureen's father, Joe Cox, 1964: "It really did not surprise my wife or myself when we learned she was half way across the world. In any case it wouldn't have made any difference. I would have given her permission anyway. Maureen is a sensible girl and well able to take care of herself." Although not well-liked by the fans, Cox answered many of Starr's mail from his female admirers. Parents would write back thanking her for being so nice to their daughters. The 18-year-old Cox married Ringo Starr on February 11, 1965. Their first child, Zak, was born on September 13, 1965 (followed by Jason on August 19, 1967 and Lee on November 17, 1970 ).During this time, Cox was still a part of RingoÕs life, even though their marriage was strained. She sang backup vocals on ÒThe Contin


In Egyptian mythology, who was the God of the Sky, depicted as a man with the head of a falcon?

Ancient Egyptian Gods and Goddesses Illustrated Descriptions and stories Ancient Egyptian Gods and Goddesses Ancient Egyptian Gods and Goddesses For all ancient people, the world was filled with mystery. Much of what they experienced in the world around them was unknowable and frightening. The ancient Egyptian gods and goddesses represented aspects of the Egyptians’ natural and “supernatural” surroundings and helped them understand its many aspects. Ammut Demons Demons were more powerful than human beings but not as powerful as gods. They were usually immortal, could be in more than one place at a time, and could affect the world as well as people in supernatural ways. But there were certain limits to their powers and they were neither all-powerful nor all knowing. Among demons the most important figure was Ammut  – the Devourer of the Dead – part crocodile, part lioness, and part hippopotamus. She was often shown near the scales on which the hearts of the dead were weighed against the feather of Truth. She devoured the hearts of those whose wicked deeds in life made them unfit to enter the afterlife.  Apepi, another important demon, (sometimes called Apophis) was the enemy of the sun god in his daily cycle through the cosmos, and is depicted as a colossal snake. Gods and Goddesses Most Egyptian gods represented one principle aspect of the world: Ra was the sun god, for example, and Nut was goddess of the sky. The characters of the gods were not clearly defined. Most were generally benevolent but their favor could not be counted on. Some gods were spiteful and had to be placated. Some, such as Neith, Sekhmet, and Mut, had changeable characters. The god Seth, who murdered his brother Osiris, embodied the malevolent and disordered aspects of the world. The physical form taken on by the various Egyptian gods was usually a combination of human and animal, and many were associated with one or more animal species. And an animal could express a deity’s mood. When a god was angry, she might be portrayed as a ferocious lioness; when gentle, a cat. The convention was to depict the animal gods with a human body and an animal head. The opposite convention was sometimes used for representations of a king, who might be portrayed with a human head and a lion’s body, as in the case of the Sphinx. Sphinxes might also appear with other heads, particularly those of rams or falcons. Many deities were represented only in human form. Among these were such very ancient figures as the cosmic gods Shu of the air, Geb of the earth, the fertility god Min, and the craftsman Ptah. There were a number of minor gods that took on grotesque forms, including Bes, a dwarf with a mask-like face, and Taurt, a goddess whose physical form combined the features of a hippopotamus and a crocodile. Nut, Shu and Geb Nut, Shu and Geb Nut was the mother of Osiris, Isis, Seth, and Nephythys, Nut is usually shown in human form; her elongated body symbolizing the sky. Each limb represents a cardinal point as her body stretches over the earth. Nut swallowed the setting sun (Ra) each evening and gave birth to him each morning. She is often depicted on the ceilings of tombs, on the inside lid of coffins, and on the ceilings of temples. Shu was the husband of Tefnut and the father of Nut and Geb. He and his wife were the first gods created by Atum. Shu was the god of the air and sunlight or, more precisely, dry air and his wife represented moisture. He was normally depicted as a man wearing a headdress in the form of a plume, which is also the hieroglyph for his name. Shu’s function was to hold up the body of the goddess Nun and separate the sky from the earth. He was not a solar deity but his role in providing sunlight connected him to Ra. Indeed, he was one of the few gods who escaped persecution under the heretic king Akhenaten. Geb was the father of Osiris, Isis, Seth, and Nephythys, and was a god without a cult. As an Earth god he was associated with fertility and it was believed that earthquakes were the laughter of Geb. He is mentioned in the Pyramid Texts as impris


The three Chappell brothers, who played test cricket for Australia, were the grandsons of which Australian test cricketer, who captained his country in the 1930's?

The Ten: Cricket Dynasties | Waughs, Cowdreys, Graces, Pollocks The Ten: Cricket Dynasties Jo Harman , Ian Batch and Phil Walker  doff AOC’s cap to cricket’s most legendary families. 10) The Waughs Dean Waugh First-Class Matches: 1 (1995) The Waugh twins were the heartbeat of the Australian middle order throughout the Nineties. Australia lost just seven of the 37 Test series the brothers played alongside each other, as Steve (gritty, dogged) and Mark (laconic, invariably mulleted) combined to great effect. Steve was the first to receive his baggy green, making his debut against India in 1985. Mark, the younger sibling by four minutes, and so fated to be known as Junior for the rest of his days, had to wait a further six years for his first taste of Test cricket. When Junior did eventually receive the call during the 1991 Ashes it was a bittersweet experience, as it came at the expense of Steve’s place in the side. Another nickname – ‘Afghanistan’ (the forgotten war) – could finally be dropped as Mark made a stunning debut hundred. Steve went on to become the most successful captain and the second highest scoring batsman in Australia’s history while the mercurial Mark cemented his place at No.4 for the next decade but continued to thrill and frustrate in equal measure. Between them they defined modern Australian cricket – guts, drive, grit on the one hand; style, elegance, class on the other. Younger brother Dean also had a brief first-class career but if the opinion of ex-New South Wales paceman Richard Stobo is anything to go by, then he wasn’t quite in the same league as his more celebrated brothers. After beating Dean’s outside edge several times in succession during a Sydney grade game an exasperated Stobo exclaimed, “For Christ’s sake Dean, you must have been f**king adopted”. 9) The Hussains  First-Class Matches: 334 (1987-2004) Tests: 96 (1990-2004) Jawad Hussain, or Joe as the lads who came to his famous Ilford Cricket School knew him, passed away in April 2008. He was 68. He left behind two cricketing sons of similar ability, and a legacy few can match. His eldest boy, Mel, played a single game for Worcestershire before moving successfully into the business world; the other, Nasser, you may have heard of. Joe himself played a single game for Madras in India before starting a new life in England, taking over the rickety old cricket school in Ilford and turning the building into a breeding ground for future Essex cricketers. Some of the other names to have passed through the doors include Graham Gooch, John Lever and Ravi Bopara , but it was more than just a finishing school for budding professionals; Joe’s place, stationed in a rough grey area, was a haven for cricket. It gave young lads, many from the cricketing no-man’s-land of east London and its outskirts, a rare chance to swing a bat or spin a ball. It is true that without Joe’s drive and passion, without his deep understanding of the game and the role it can play in a young person’s life, cricket in this country would be a poorer thing. He gave us Nasser, and all that flowed from him. That is legacy enough. But for every Nasser, or Goochie, or Ravi, there were another hundred nippers who walked through those doors knowing nothing, and who walked out knowing so much more. 8) The Cowdreys Fabian Cowdrey First-Class Matches: 6 (2013-) It’s 1934 and the setting is a tennis court in Ootacamund – a small city located in the Niligiri Hills, south India. A cricket-mad father named Ernest is teaching his four-year-old son how to play with a straight bat. Ernest had aspirations as a cricketer himself but despite playing one first-class match he never made the grade and instead worked as a tea-planter. Like so many parents with unfulfilled dreams, he ploughed his energies into his offspring. Ernest christened his son with the initials MCC. Thirty-four years later Ernest’s hard work had paid off. Colin Cowdrey strode out to bat at Edgbaston in his hundredth Test to face the old enemy in the third Test of the Ashes. Cowdrey was the first cricketer to reach the milestone


"Stephen Dedalus, is the main character and fictional alter ego of which author, in the 1916 book, ""Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man""?"

A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man - James Joyce | Feedbooks A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man in EPUB format, also available for Kindle or in PDF This work is available for countries where copyright is Life+70 and in the USA. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is a semi-autobiographical novel by James Joyce, first serialized in The Egoist from 1914 to 1915 and published in book form in 1916. It depicts the formative years in the life of Stephen Dedalus, a fictional alter ego of Joyce and a pointed allusion to the consummate craftsman of Greek mythology, Daedalus. A Portrait is a key example of the Künstlerroman (an artist's bildungsroman) in English literature. Joyce's novel traces…  (more) A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is a semi-autobiographical novel by James Joyce, first serialized in The Egoist from 1914 to 1915 and published in book form in 1916. It depicts the formative years in the life of Stephen Dedalus, a fictional alter ego of Joyce and a pointed allusion to the consummate craftsman of Greek mythology, Daedalus. A Portrait is a key example of the Künstlerroman (an artist's bildungsroman) in English literature. Joyce's novel traces the intellectual and religio-philosophical awakening of young Stephen Dedalus as he begins to question and rebel against the Catholic and Irish conventions he has been brought up in. He finally leaves for Paris to pursue his calling as an artist. The work pioneers some of Joyce's modernist techniques that would later come to fruition in Ulysses and Finnegans Wake. The Modern Library ranked Portrait as the third greatest English-language novel of the twentieth century.


"Which American folk singer / songwriter, wrote the classic songs, ""Where have all the flowers gone"", and ""Turn, Turn, Turn""?"

Where Have All the Flowers Gone: The Songs of Pete Seeger - Various Artists | Songs, Reviews, Credits | AllMusic Where Have All the Flowers Gone: The Songs of Pete Seeger AllMusic Rating google+ AllMusic Review               by Jeff Burger After listening to this multi-artist two-CD celebration of Pete Seeger's songs, you'll be delighted to read in the liner notes that it's "just the beginning of at least four volumes." Producer Jim Musselman calls the package a "labor of love," and that's clearly what it was. Musselman did a terrific job of choosing the songs from Seeger's vast repertoire, and of matching each tune with an artist "based on either the philosophical fit between the artist and the message of the song and/or their unique musical style." Even the extensive liner notes -- which include info on each performer, plus comments on every song by Seeger and the performer -- testify to the effort that went into the project. The result is one of the most consistently successful tribute albums on the market. The material is wonderful; whether you think of Seeger primarily as an interpreter or a crusader for social justice, you'll be impressed by this reminder of just how many classic tunes he has written or cowritten and how many topics he's covered -- everything from the Byrds -popularized "Turn, Turn, Turn" ( Bruce Cockburn ) to the lullaby "One Grain of Sand" (Odetta) to "Kisses Sweeter than Wine" ( Jackson Browne and Bonnie Raitt ). The performers, who range in age from five to 85, are a motley crew; and while they include more than a few obscure artists who apparently made the grade because they happen to be signed to Appleseed or its affiliated labels, the collection also features lots of big names. More importantly, nearly all of the 39 recordings are first-rate. Among the many highlights: Bruce Springsteen's gentle reading of "We Shall Overcome"; Greg Brown's "Sailing Down My Golden River"; Roger McGuinn's "Bells of Rhymney" (a song he first recorded with the Byrds ); and Ani DiFranco's "My Name Is Lisa Kalvelage." Perhaps most touching, though, is the concluding number, Pete Seeger's own recording of his newly written "And Still I Am Searching." Sadly, the track does back up Seeger's statement in the liner notes that "I hardly have any voice left." But it also evidences the spirit that gave birth to all these songs. That spirit was still very much alive in the septuagenarian Seeger when this album was released, and thanks to his music, it will be around long after he's gone. Track Listing                           - Disc 1


General Manuel Noriega, was overthrown in 1989, as leader of which Central American country?

Panama Invasion by United States in 1989: Background and chronology   Copyright 2001 by Jane Franklin In November 1989, three weeks before the U.S. invasion, I attended a conference in Panama hosted by Panama's Center for International Studies to inform 118 U.S. delegates about what was taking place.  Panamanians were already under constant attack by U.S. troops who staged almost-daily military exercises in Panamanian territory where U.S. forces were obligated by treaty not to operate.  The Panamanians at the conference, including Provisional President Francisco Rodrï¿½guez and General Manuel Noriega, made it clear that the issue was not Noriega or democracy or the safety of U.S. citizens.  The issue was sovereignty--Panama’s right to determine its own history.  Most people in the United States have little knowledge of Panama’s history.  This chronology, an enlargement of one that I wrote in 1990, is an attempt to provide an historical context for the invasion. 1501:  Spanish exploration of the isthmus begins.  The conquistadores introduce slavery and Catholicism. 1519:  Old Panama City founded.  Sacked by British buccaneer Henry Morgan 1671. 1751:  Part of the Spanish Viceroyalty of New Granada, including at that time the present republics of Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela. 1821:  Independence from Spain during the battles for independence being waged with the leadership of Simï¿½n Bolï¿½var. Soon becomes part of Bolï¿½var’s Greater Colombia union of Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador.  (Within this union present-day Colombia was known as New Granada and included Panama.) Bolï¿½var is elected president of Greater Colombia. 1823:  On December 2, in what becomes known as the Monroe Doctrine, President James Monroe stakes out the Western Hemisphere as an exclusive U.S. sphere of influence. 1830:  When Bolï¿½var’s union dissolves, Panama continues to be part of New Granada (which takes the name Colombia in 1863). 1846:  U.S. government concludes treaty with New Granada stating Washington would guarantee "perfect neutrality" of the isthmus. 1855:  The Panama Railroad across the isthmus from the Atlantic to the Pacific is finished on January 28.  1856:  U.S. troops land in Panama September 19-22 to protect U.S. interests, particularly the railroad.   1865:  U.S. troops land March 9-10 to protect lives and property of U.S. citizens and of course the railroad during revolutionary activity. 1873:  U.S. troops land at Bay of Panama, Colombia, May 7-22 and September 23-October 9 to protect U.S. interests during hostilities over who should govern Panama. 1885:  U.S. troops land at Colï¿½n January 18-19 to guard valuables on the Panama Railroad and to protect the safes and vaults of the Panama Railroad Company.  In March, April and May U.S. troops are in Panama at both ends of the railroad, Colï¿½n and Panama City, to protect the railroad during revolutionary activity. 1898:  U.S. victory against Spain in the Spanish-American War yields four territories with major ports for the U.S. Navy:  Cuba, Puerto Rico, Philippines, and Guam. 1901:  U.S. troops land in Panama November 20-December 4 to protect U.S. property and to keep the railroad open.  Washington decides definitely to build the Panama Canal. 1902:  U.S. troops land September 17-November 18 to keep the railroad open. PERMANENT PRESENCE OF U.S. TROOPS 1903:  In November, the Theodore Roosevelt Administration engineers the separation of Panama from Colombia.. The Hay-Bunau-Varilla treaty is then negotiated for the building of a canal.  U.S. troops become a permanent presence. 1904:  Extra U.S. troops to prevent insurrection during elections.  Meanwhile, U.S. policy undermines and weakens the national army. No Panamanian can become president without the approval of  Washington. 1908:  Extra U.S. troops to prevent insurrection during elections. 1912:  Extra U.S. troops to prevent insurrection during elections. In May, Washington appoints a commission of high-ranking U.S. Army officers to count the votes in June elections. 1914:  Panama Canal opens.  U.S. troops control a ten-mile-w


To which family of birds does the brambling belong?

Brambling | Audubon Field Guide Brambling Fringilla montifringilla A common finch of Europe and Asia, the Brambling appears regularly in small numbers in Alaska during migration, straying the short distance across the Bering Sea. Some of those that stray across in autumn apparently then continue south on the American side, and there have been winter records for numerous states and provinces east to the Atlantic Coast and south to Colorado. Many of these vagrant Bramblings have been found visiting bird feeders. Family


"Which woman, who died tragically in 1999 aged 43, was the first female to present the BBC sports programme, ""Grandstand""?"

Rollason dies after battle with cancer | The Independent Rollason dies after battle with cancer Monday 9 August 1999 23:02 BST Click to follow The Independent Online HELEN ROLLASON, the television sports presenter who earned admiration for the quiet courage with which she fought cancer, died yesterday at her home in Brentwood, Essex, aged 43. Ms Rollason, who was the first female presenter of the BBC's flagship sports programme Grandstand, was diagnosed with cancer of the colon in August 1997 and given three months to live. She beat that prognosis, continued working despite being in great pain at times and went to Buckingham Palace in a wheelchair last month to receive the insignia of the MBE from the Queen. Ms Rollason's agent, Sue Knight, said she died surrounded by family and friends. A divorcee, she succeeded in her wish to live long enough to see her 16-year-old daughter, Nikki, through her GCSEs. In January 1998 the BBC aired a documentary about her called Hope for Helen. In it, she said: "I love life and have a daughter that I must live for. I have no intention of popping off. "I want to live so badly. I may not make it beyond a couple of years, but that's a couple of years more than I was expected to live." Tributes were paid yesterday by sports personalities, broadcasters and politicians, who said she had been an inspiration to other cancer sufferers. Huw Edwards, who presents the BBC's Six o'clock News - where Rollason started a new job as recently as last June, presenting a Friday evening sports preview - described her as "a wonderful team player". He said: "Her courage over the past two years has touched us all. It has been a real honour to know her and to work with her." Gary Lineker, a BBC sports colleague, said: "Helen showed immense courage and strength, and was always full of laughter and fun." Kate Hoey, the minister for Sport, said: "Her commitment to the involvement of young people in sport set her apart. She is a great loss to sport." Peter Sissons, presenter of the Nine o'clock News, said: "She fought her illness every inch of the way and her courage was inspirational. That brilliant smile never faded, even in the darkest days. When she did the Six o'clock News for the last time, I saw her crying with pain in the corridor outside the studio only minutes before transmission, but she picked herself up and went in, pausing only to tell me not to worry about her." Ms Rollason displayed a remarkable will to live that endeared her to millions of fans. She had several operations, plus countless chemotherapy sessions, and lost her hair twice. "You lose your dignity as a woman and don't feel very feminine," she said at the time. "It's humiliating, but it's minor, and you put it into perspective. Chemo is tough and exhausting. I used to go at 100mph. Now it's 10mph with two flat tyres." Last April she disclosed that the cancer had spread to her liver and lungs. Ms Rollason was devoted to sport as a child and her first job was as a physical education teacher. After volunteer work at an Essex radio station, she moved into sports broadcasting and went on to present the Newsround children's programme. She was given the Grandstand job after co- hosting coverage of the Seoul Olympics for ITV in 1988. In 1996 she was named sports presenter of the year. Obituaries, Review, page 6