What item very commonly worn by people has a hoop, shoulder, mounting and bezel?

Fine Diamond Jewelry Glossary   Baby/Youth Describes items small in          scale to be worn by babies, toddlers, and teens.          Earring posts are usually shorter and are often          threaded or have some sort of safety clasp.          Rings are usually sizes 0â€“3. Bracelets are          usually 5â€“5Â½" long. Necklaces are usually          15"â€“16" long. Bail An arched (often oval, teardrop, or          d-shaped) metal component used to hang a          pendant from a chain or cord. It is meant to slide onto the chain rather than being soldered to it so          that the pendant moves independently from the          chain and is not a permanent part of the chain          or cord. Band A ring, usually uniform in width,          with no distinguishable â€œtopâ€; may be set          with gemstones. Bangle Bracelet A closed, rigid          bracelet â€“ with or without hinge and clasp â€“          that slides over the hand. Baroque An irregular-shaped stone or          pearl. Also an art style characterized by          ornate detail. Bar Set A setting technique where the          gemstone is secured between two parallel bars,          while the sides of the gem remain open. Base Metal A term informally referring          to non-precious metals (such as copper, zinc, tin,          nickel, lead, or iron), which are commonly used          in costume jewelry. Basket Setting A type of prong setting          with open sides similar to a basket weave, that          allows the lower portion of the gemstone to          be visible. Basse-taille An enameling technique in          which a low-relief pattern is created in metal by          engraving or chasing, then the entire pattern is          filled with translucent enamel (similar to French " low height " champlevé). See Enamel. Bead A small, usually spherical component made from a variety of materials, which may be partially drilled or fully drilled. A full drilled bead will have one or more holes through it, allowing it to be strung singularly or with others in a sequence. Beads in shapes other than round are sometimes described as "fancy." Bead Set A method for securing a          gemstone where a small bur of metal is          raised with a graver and pushed over the          edge of the gemstone. Belcher A ring mounting in which the          prongs for the setting are formed from          the shank of the ring so that the gemstone          does not extend above the circumference          of the shank. Bezel-Set A method for securing a          gemstone in which a band of metal encircles          the girdle of the gemstone and is folded over          the gem to hold it in place. Birthstone A precious or semi-precious          gemstone popularly associated with the month          of birth. January - Garnet Jewelry that was manufactured specifically for use in body piercing. Bracelet An ornamental band or circlet for the wrist, arm, or sometimes for the ankle. Bracelet Slide A bead-type adornment designed with two sets of holes to allow it to be strung onto a bracelet constructed of two rows of chain. The resulting bracelet is known as a slide bracelet. Bridal Set A matching set of rings that includes an engagement ring and a wedding band, which are worn stacked together. Bridge The structural portion of a mounting that connects one side of the shank to the other. Bridge Accent A design element          located beneath the center stone that can be          seen when looking at the ring in the through          finger view. Bright-Cut A metal engraving technique          created by chiseling the metal with a polished


Name the widely referenced Hindu god and eighth incarnation of Vishnu, from Sankrit meaning 'black'?

Lord Krishna - Stories, Names, Mantra, Temples, Festivals - Hindu God Lord Krishna – Hindu Gods and Deities   Who is Krishna? Lord Krishna is one of the most popular Gods in Hinduism. Krishna is considered the supreme deity, worshipped across many traditions of Hinduism in a variety of different perspectives. Krishna is recognized as the eighth incarnation (avatar) of Lord Vishnu , and one and the same as Lord Vishnu, one of the trimurti and as the supreme god in his own right. Krishna is the principal protagonist with Arjuna in the Bhagavad Gita also known as the Song of God, which depicts the conversation between the Royal Prince Arjuna and Krishna during the great battle of Kureksetra 5000 years ago where Arjuna discovers that Krishna is God and then comprehends his nature and will for him and for mankind. In present age Krishna is one of the most widely revered and most popular of all Indian divinities. Each incarnation of Lord Vishnu on the Earth is with a purpose and to accomplish some definite tasks. Lord Krishna came to the Earth to kill king Kansa and to relieve the people of Braj from his torture and tyranny. Later Krishna participated in the events of the Mahabharata and Lord Krishna’s participation had profound effect on the Mahabharata war and its consequences.   Names of Krishna The name Krishna originates from the Sanskrit word Kṛṣṇa, which is primarily an adjective meaning “black”, “dark” or “dark blue”. The waning moon is called Krishna Paksha in the Vedic tradition, relating to the adjective meaning “darkening”. As a name of Vishnu, Krishna is listed as the 57th name in the Vishnu Sahasranamam . Krishna is also known by various other names, epithets and titles, which reflect his many associations and attributes. Among the most common names are Mohan “enchanter”, Govinda, “Finder of the cows” or Gopala, “Protector of the cows”, which refer to Krishna’s childhood in Braj (in present day Uttar Pradesh). Some of the distinct names may be regionally important; for instance, Jagannatha, a popular incarnation of Puri, Odisha in eastern India. ॐॐ Read the 108 Names of Lord Krishna ॐॐ   Krishna’s Family Lord Krishna was the eighth son born to the princess Devaki and her husband Vasudeva in Mathura city. However Krishna raised by his foster parents Yashoda and Nanda in Gokul a small village in Mathura district. Krishna had eight princely wives, also known as Ashtabharya: Rukmini, Satyabhama, Jambavati, Nagnajiti, Kalindi, Mitravinda, Bhadra, Lakshmana) and the other 16,100 or 16,000 (number varies in scriptures), who were rescued from Narakasura. They had been forcibly kept in his palace and after Krishna had killed Narakasura, he rescued these women and freed them. Krishna married them all to save them from destruction and infamity. He gave them shelter in his new palace and a respectful place in society. The chief amongst them is Rohini. The  Bhagavata Purana , Vishnu Purana, Harivamsa list the children of Krishna from the Ashtabharya with some variation; while Rohini’s sons are interpreted to represent the unnumbered children of his junior wives. Most well-known among his sons are Pradyumna, the eldest son of Krishna (and Rukmini) and Samba, the son of Jambavati, whose actions led to the destruction of Krishna’s clan.   Lord Krishna Iconography Krishna is easily recognized by his representations. Though his skin color may be depicted as black or dark in some representations, particularly in murtis, in other images such as modern pictorial representations, Krishna is usually shown with a blue skin. He is often shown wearing a silk dhoti and a peacock feather crown. Common depictions show him as a little boy or as a young man in a characteristically relaxed pose, playing the flute. In this form, he usually stands with one leg bent in front of the other with a flute raised to his lips, in the Tribhanga posture, accompanied by cows, emphasizing his position as the divine herdsman, Govinda, or with the gopis (milkmaids) i.e. Gopikrishna, stealing butter from neighbouring houses i.e. Navneet Chora or Gokulakrishna,


Name the Spanish coastal region containing the city of Málaga, and towns including Torremolinos, Benalmádena, Fuengirola, and Marbella?

Benalmádena Transportation - Taxi, Train, Bus & Airport Tips Benalmádena Transportation Train station at Arroyo de la Miel photo_library 1/2   Bioparc Fuengirola Entrance and Lunch "Bioparc Fuengirola offers one of the best parks in Europe and the most visited park in Andalusia. Its design is based on zoo-immersion concept in fact it was one of the first parks built on that concept. In it you can find 4 habitats where more than 200 species live together. The habitats that you will able to discover during your visit are:Madagascar Island where the famous lemurs live. Here the visitors will have the chance to get to know about the baobab the mythical tree of Bioparc and be close to lemurs through organized visits.Equatorial Africa is the second habitat you´ll discover. Here the visitors will be able to see the only couple of Coast gorillas in Andalusia with other well-known species like chimpanzees or meerkats.In the Southeast of Asia   Malaga Airport (Costa del Sol) Private Arrival Transfer "1 - 3 in a private car 4 - 6 in a private minivan Transfers are available to hotels in: Malaga Torremolinos Benalmadena Fuengirola Mijas Marbella When mak you will need to advise your flight details (flight numbers and times of arrival or departure) and your Costa del Sol Hotel details (name and address). You must select the correct area for your hotel. Your transfer will be confirmed instantaneously and y based on 6 adults per car/vehicle. At time of booking YOU MUST include the following flight and hotel details in the ""Special Requirements"" box: Arrival Airline Arrival Flight Number Departure Airport and Arrival Airport Arrival Time Full Hotel Name and Addr"""Travel from the Malaga Airport to your Costa del Sol Hotel. Transfer services are available 24 hours a day 7 days a week. This is a private transfer service so the price is the same for groups of:"   Malaga Airport (Costa del Sol) Private Departure Transfer "1 - 3 in a private car 4 - 6 in a private minivan Transfers are available from hotels in: Malaga Torremolinos Benalmadena Fuengirola Mijas Marbella When m you will need to advise your flight details (flight numbers and times of arrival or departure) and your Costa del Sol Hotel details (name and address). You must select the correct area for your hotel. Your transfer will be confirmed instantaneously and y you will be required to call the supplier directly (the contact number will be provided on your travel voucher) to reconfirm exact pick up times and places. It's that easy! Price is per person based on 6 adults per car/vehicle.At time of booking YOU MUST include the following flight and hotel details in the ""Special Requirements"" box: Departure Airline Departure Flight Number Departure Airport and Arrival Airport Departure Time Full Hotel Name an"""Travel from your Costa del Sol Hotel to Malaga Airport. Transfer services are available 24 hours a day


What musical instrument generally having 17-23 strings derives its name from Persian meaning 'three strings'?

Indian Musical Instruments, Musical Instruments of India 9         Days Ladakh INDIAN MUSICAL         INSTRUMENTS The flute,         nagaswaram, veena, gottuvadhyam, thavil, mridangam and the plain         drum are some of the ancient musical instruments of India. The         sitar, tabla and violin come late than the other musical         instruments. Except for the Veena, which is neatly fretted, all         the instruments are negotiated by the method of trial and error.         Their handling depends on the ingenuity and dexterity of the         player. The Veena, gottuvadhyam, sitar and sarod, the stringed         instruments are from Afghanistan. Sitar The Sitar is a         musical instrument which was invented by the Amir Khusrau, a courtier of         Allauddin Khilji in the 13th century. The name Sitar         was derived from Persian ï¿½Sehtarï¿½ which means ï¿½three stringsï¿½         which the instrument originally had. But the modern         Sitar has seven strings fastened to the pegs on the neck and the         sides. Sixteen to twenty two frets are secured to the         finger-board by pieces of gut. There are also 11 to 12         sympathetic strings below the frets, running parallel to the         main strings. The instrument is played by means of a wire plectrum worn on the forefinger of the right         hand. This musical instrument was helpful in bringing up the western         people towards the         Indian Classical music.   Sarod Sarod              has secured an important place in Hindustani Classical              Music for its deep and rich tone and a distinctive              sound. This  musical instrument  descended from the Rabab of the Middle East. Some believed that              this              instrument might have originated from the              Greco-Buddhist area of Gandhar (modern Afghanistan).              Sarod is              a fretless instrument with sympathetic strings. The              modern Sarod is made of wood with one end being              rounded and covered with parchment. There are six main              metallic strings fastened to pegs at the neck of the              instrument. It is played with a plectrum held in the              right hand while the fingers of the left hand are used              to play the notes.   Santoor Santoor, which originated from the Vedic Vana Veena,              belongs to the Kashmir Valley that is neither              seen nor played anywhere else. But today, Santoor is played with all Indian ragas and is very              popular with the film musicians. The Vana Veena also had              strings and was played with sticks. The              modern Santoor is made of a trapezoid wooden box and              has thirty bridges and a set of four strings of metal,              tuned to the same note and stretches over each              pair of bridges. It is   played with a pair of flat wooden pieces curved at the striking ends. Sarangi Sarangi           is another stringed instrument, popular mainly as a folk           instrument and appeared first probably in the           late 17th century. The ability to play all types           of gamakas gave it prominent place in the Hindustani           Classical Music. The tone of the Sarangi is like the human vocal           chord.  The player places the instrument on the lap and           plays it with a horse ï¿½ hair bow in the right hand and           fingers and nails of the left hand. It is mad


From what country does the word 'chutney' derive?

Green Chutney Recipe - YouTube Green Chutney Recipe Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Jul 31, 2016 Green Chutney Recipe What is Green Chutney / Chutney Defination ? Chutney / Chatney / Chattni is a condiment which enhances flavor of any snacks. Originated in India dates back to 500 B.C. Chutney meaning in English ? The chutney is a cold sauce. The word Chutney is derived from the Hindi word Chattni . Recipe of green chutney - Coriander / Dhania / Cilantro  ½ Cup Green Chillies   2 How to make chutney - Add all ingredients in the mixing Jar, Put tomatoes in the end (Tomatoes contain lot of water, it will grind first and release water which will help grinding other ingredients well), Blend everything well, Add 1 Table spoon of water and grind till smooth texture. This is an easy to make chutney. This is the best chutney for cheese, pasta, Sandwiches, Rolls, Tandoori and other snacks. Chutney varieties - Coriander chutney, Chilli chutney, Green Chutney, Phudina / mint Chutney, Onion Chutney, Coconut Chutney, lemon & date Chutney, Garlic Chutney, Dosa Chutney, Plum/ Apricot/ Peach/ Cranberry Chutney, etc.. *Tips and Suggestions Green chutney recipe for sandwich - Add 1 Table spoon of roasted Bangal Gram and follow the same recipe, green chutney sandwich recipe is the most important element in any Sandwich. For more simple chutney recipe Comment the chutney name and I’ll get the best chutney recipe for you... Subscribe for more videos and support - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIs8...


A cicatrix on the skin is more commonly called a what?

Scars Scars are a natural part of the body's healing process. A scar results from the biologic process of wound repair in the skin and other tissues. Most wounds, except for very minor ones, result in some degree of scarring. Scars can result from accidents, diseases, skin conditions such as acne , or surgeries. How Do Scars Form? Scars form when the dermis (deep, thick layer of skin) is damaged. The body forms new collagen fibers (a naturally occurring protein in the body) to mend the damage, resulting in a scar. The new scar tissue will have a different texture and quality than the surrounding tissue. Scars form after a wound is completely healed. There are different kinds of scars. Most scars are flat and pale. However, in cases when the body produces too much collagen , scars can be raised. Raised scars are called hypertrophic scars or keloid scars. Both of these kinds of scars are more common in younger and dark-skinned people. Some scars can have a sunken or pitted appearance. This kind of scarring occurs when underlying structures supporting the skin (for example, fat or muscle) are lost. Some surgical scars have this appearance, as do some scars from acne . Scars also can appear as stretched skin. Such scars result when the skin stretches rapidly (for example, as in growth spurts or during pregnancy ). In addition, this type of scar can occur when the skin is under tension (near a joint, for example) during the healing process. How Can Scars Be Treated? Although scars cannot be completely removed, their appearance can be improved to some extent. Methods for improving the appearance of scars include: Topical treatments, such as vitamin E , cocoa butter cream, and several commercial skin care products are available over-the-counter with the claim to help heal scars but are not effective Surgery. Although it will not remove a scar, surgery can be used to alter a scar's shape or make it less noticeable. Surgery is not recommended in cases of hypertrophic or keloid scarring (raised scars) because there is a risk of recurring scars as well as more severe scarring that results from the treatment. Steroid injections. A long term course of steroid injections into a scar may help flatten it. Injections may help to soften the appearance of keloid or hypertrophic scars. Radiotherapy. Low-dose, superficial radiotherapy is used to prevent recurrence of severe keloid and hypertrophic scarring. This treatment is used only in extreme cases because of potential long-term side effects. Dermabrasion . This treatment involves the removal of the surface of the skin with special equipment. Dermabrasion is useful when the scar is raised above the surrounding skin; but, it is less useful for the treatment of sunken scars. Microdermabrasion is a much less invasive form of dermabrasion but is minimally useful for very superficial scars. Laser resurfacing . This procedure, similar to dermabrasion, removes the surface layers of the skin using different types of lasers. Newer types of lasers may achieve more subtle results by working on the collagen in the dermis without removing the upper layers of skin. This advancement results in little down time as opposed to traditional laser resurfacing and dermabrasion, which requires a longer recovery. Filler injections. These treatments can be used to raise sunken scars to the level of surrounding skin. The effects of these injections are only temporary, however, and the procedures may need to be regularly repeated. Newer forms of injectable fillers are now on the market and may be an option for some people. WebMD Medical Reference Reviewed by Stephanie S. Gardner, MD on June 05, 2015 Sources


Swiss Peter Sauber established his eponymous brand in what sport in 1993?

Sauber F1 team secures future with takeover - SWI swissinfo.ch Sauber F1 team secures future with takeover The Sauber brand was created in the basement of a family home (Keystone) Switzerland’s sole Formula 1 team will continue racing after founder Peter Sauber and his partner agreed to sell their shares to the investment group Longbow Finance. The takeover ensures Sauber will race for a 25th year. Peter Sauber, 72, started his eponymous F1 team in 1993, having built racing cars under is own name since 1970. It has always been based in Hinwil, canton Zurich, where Sauber also built an innovative wind tunnel to test the aerodynamics of racing cars. In 2005 he sold the keys of his stable to BMW and then bought it back four years later. But the team has struggled financially in recently years after the withdrawal of key sponsors. On Wednesday it was announced that Sauber had sold his two thirds stake in his team to Longbow. Austrian national Monisha Kaltenborn sold her one third share to the investment company but retains her position as chief executive. “I am very happy that the goal of my bold investment six years ago – to retain the Hinwil location and a Formula 1 starting position – has ultimately been proved correct,” Peter Sauber said in a statement. “As a Swiss company we are very pleased to secure the future of a Swiss firm in such a highly specialised and innovative industry,” stated Longbow chairman and chief executive Pascal Picci. In an interview with swissinfo.ch in 2005 , just before he sold to BMW, Sauber reflected on the journey that had taken him from his parent’s cellar designing his first car to the glamour of F1. “When I started it seemed like Mission Impossible. It was an interesting and thrilling challenge and I like to push myself to the limit,” he said 11 years ago. But despite his personal attachment to his team, he also said that there was “no space for romance in the business world”. On the track, the Sauber team has seen little joy in recent years, currently lying bottom of the constructor’s championship this season with a best placed finish of 12th. The team has enjoyed only one F1 win in its history, in Canada in 2008. swissinfo.ch with agencies More... Less... Copyright All rights reserved. The content of the website by swissinfo.ch is copyrighted. It is intended for private use only. Any other use of the website content beyond the use stipulated above, particularly the distribution, modification, transmission, storage and copying requires prior written consent of swissinfo.ch. Should you be interested in any such use of the website content, please contact us via contact@swissinfo.ch. As regards the use for private purposes, it is only permitted to use a hyperlink to specific content, and to place it on your own website or a website of third parties. The swissinfo.ch website content may only be embedded in an ad-free environment without any modifications.  Specifically applying to all software, folders, data and their content provided for download by the swissinfo.ch website, a basic, non-exclusive and non-transferable license is granted that is restricted to the one-time downloading and saving of said data on private devices. All other rights remain the property of swissinfo.ch. In particular, any sale or commercial use of these data is prohibited. Reuse article Sauber F1 team secures future with takeover Jul 20, 2016 - 16:26 Switzerland’s sole Formula 1 team will continue racing after founder Peter Sauber and his partner agreed to sell their shares to the investment group Longbow Finance. The takeover ensures Sauber will race for a 25th year. Peter Sauber, 72, started his eponymous F1 team in 1993, having built racing cars under is own name since 1970. It has always been based in Hinwil, canton Zurich, where Sauber also built an innovative wind tunnel to test the aerodynamics of racing cars. In 2005 he sold the keys of his stable to BMW and then bought it back four years later. But the team has struggled financially in recently years after the withdrawal of key sponsors. On Wednesday it


The real Indian is a kirana and community loyalist, so why do consumer businesses mistake us for a homogeneous bunch? Tech Ecommerce The real Indian is a kirana and community loyalist, so why do consumer businesses mistake us for a homogeneous bunch? WhatsApp What does the term Indian mean? Who is this consumer e-commerce businesses are after? Why have large e-commerce companies been successful in selling mobile phones, electronics, books, and apparel, while they just talk about dabbling with food and grocery? These are some questions everybody wants answers to, especially when the opportunity in food retailing is a whopping $300 billion – as projected by Ernst and Young – in the overall retail market of $600 billion. India’s organised retailing is only 10 per cent of the total market opportunity, and within this large pie, organised food retailing is only $9 billion in size. Large brick-and-mortar players like the Future Group and Reliance Retail make up for two-thirds of the revenues in this market. With all their investment muscle, they are still grappling to understand the food consumption basket  in India  even after localising their store assortments by region. Let us decode this mystery. Let me begin my argument by making a point that no e-commerce company can possibly make in-roads in to the Indian household’s food basket  until they understand the history and the sociology behind India’s agricultural and community roots. Image: Shutterstock The root is land, community and food Much of the world, as eminent historians - like Francis Fukuyama - put it, has emerged from tribes to Statehood with technological revolutions. Mass production in agriculture and the creation of markets was one of the major events in human history. In India, statehood is loosely entwined with the caste system and varied by region and by religion. Agriculture is the primary mode of occupation and continues to be the livelihood of at least 65 per cent of the population. Therefore, consumption of food is also tied to the mythology of the community that is also part of the narrative of a larger religion and State. The late food scientist K T Achaya summed up in his books that food in India was so diverse that each community carried its own cultural identity because of it. When the British took over the dominion called India, many of their Statesmen and Governor-Generals were confused about what constituted the nature of being Indian. They simplified it by teaching Indians to speak English just so that it made it easier – for them - to run the country than being confused over the myriad tribes and communities that made up of this place. Over time, it was the influence of the British that brought the concept of nationalism to our freedom fighters, who in turn, united the many kingdoms and the people of India into a Nation. The nation’s constitutional principles were to uphold diversity. Perhaps that’s the reason the Union of Indian States survives as a nation. Unfortunately, proponents of  technology do not want to include cultural diversity while building a road map to their business; they aim to uproot culture and treat it as a single set of people. Just because Indians like film music, dance, political gossip, cricket, and movies, it does not mean their community or culture is far away from them. Food and their community moorings are a major part of their lives. There is a hidden narrative of common history with several tribes and communities, which continues to be ignored every day. An Indian maintains a double life. The Indian has a strong affinity towards his community when found with individuals of the same group. The same bunch of people can be Indians while watching a game of sport. India is like a god or goddess with many hands, it cannot be rationalised into one single unit. No wonder proprietary licensed software vendors have always found it difficult to sell to small businesses in India. Doing business in India is a much more complex than an Anglo-Saxon Europe. The funny part is that several western educated Indians struggle to unde


In old UK/US capacity measures how many pecks are in a bushel?

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For which art-form did Roman Vitruvius define the three principles of 'firmitas, utilitas, venustas' in the 1st century AD?

Vitruvius : definition of Vitruvius and synonyms of Vitruvius (English) 9 External links   Life and career   Vitruvian Man by Leonardo da Vinci , an illustration of the human body inscribed in the circle and the square derived from a passage about geometry and human proportions in Vitruvius's writings Little is known about Vitruvius' life. Most inferences about him are extracted from his only surviving work De Architectura . His first name Marcus and his cognomen Pollio are uncertain. He was possibly a praefectus fabrum during military service or praefect architectus armamentarius of the apparitor status group. Cetius Faventinus speaks of "Vitruvius Polio aliique auctores" in his epitome; it is possible that the cognomen derives from this mention by Cetius, meaning Vitruvius, Polio, and others - further confusing the cognomen, an inscription in Verona names Lucius Vitruvius Cordo and an inscription from Thilbilis North Africa (near Guelma [3] ) names Marcus Vitruvius Mamurra. From this inscription the archaeologist Dr. G. Q. Giglioli nearly concludes that Vitruvius and Mamurra are from the same family. "That [name is] very common in Formiae and regions adjacent, as well Dr. Giglioli observes, it is rare elsewhere. Indeed so far, except for some historical figures, that, as the writer Vitruvius Vitruvius and Vacca, Formiae belonged to or who are assigned to it, this [name] is not [natively] found in Numidia. And only in a epigraph of this region [Dr. Giglioli] has recovered the memory of a member of the [family] Mamurra Vitruvius." and deduces he is "of the same family as [the] well [known rider from] Formia ". [4] The Roman military officer Mamurra also served as praefectus fabrum in Hispania , Gaul and Pontus under Julius Caesar. Paul Thielscher moved the conclusions of Dr. Giglioli further and concluded that these two men are the same. [5] There are inconsistencies with this conclusion, such as there is no mention of Caesar's invasions of Britain in De Architectura, nor of other things with which Mamurra was associated, such as equestrian military practices, and a love for nepotism and personal wealth. Additionally, Caesar received a letter that can be inferred to have news of Mamurra's death, whereas Vitruvius dedicated De Architectura to the emperor Augustus . He appears to be known to Pliny the Elder through his description of constructing mosaics in Naturalis Historia . [6] Although he is not actually named in that passage, he does appear in NH 1 (the table of contents). Frontinus refers to "Vitruvius the architect" in his late 1st century work De aquaeductu . Likely born a free Roman citizen, by his own account Vitruvius served the Roman army under Julius Caesar with the otherwise poorly identified Marcus Aurelius, Publius Minidius, and Gnaeus Cornelius. These names vary depending on the edition of De architectura. Publius Minidius is also written as Publius Numidicus and Publius Numidius, speculated as the same Publius Numisius inscribed on the Roman Theatre at Heraclea . [7] As an army engineer he specialized in the construction of ballista and scorpio artillery war machines for sieges . It is speculated that Vitruvius served with Julius Caesar 's Chief Engineer Lucius Cornelius Balbus . [8] The locations where he served can be reconstructed from, for example, descriptions of the building methods of various "foreign tribes". Although he describes places throughout De Architectura, he does not say he was present. His service likely included north Africa , Hispania , Gaul (including Aquitaine ) and Pontus . To place the role of Vitruvius the military engineer in context, a description of The Praefect of the camp or army engineer is quoted here as given by Flavius Vegetius Renatus in The Military Institutions of the Romans: The Praefect of the camp, though inferior in rank to the [Praefect], had a post of no small importance. The position of the camp, the direction of the entrenchments, the inspection of the tents or huts of the soldiers and the baggage were comprehended in his province. His authority extended over


What is the primary language spoken in Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan?

Russian language, alphabet and pronunciation Search Russian (Русский язык) Russian is an Eastern Slavic language spoken mainly in Russia and many  other countries by about 260 million people, 150 million of whom are  native speakers. Russian is an official language in Russian,  Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, and in a number of other countries,  territories and international organisations, including Tajikistan,  Moldova, Gagauzia, Abkhazia, South Ossetia, Transnistria, and the UN.  It is also recognised as a minority language in Romania, Finland, Norway,  Armenia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Russsian at a glance Native name: русский язык [ˈruskʲɪj jɪˈzɨk] Linguistic affliation: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, East Slavic Number of speakers: c. 260 million Spoken in: Russian, Belarus, Kazakhstan,  Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Moldova, Romania, Finland, Norway,  Armenia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, etc. First written: 10th century AD Writing system: Cyrillic alphabet Status: official language in Russian, Belarus,  Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan and many other countries and territories. The earliest known writing in Russia dates from the 10th century and was found at Novgorod. The main languages written on them in an early version of the Cyrillic alphabet were Old Russian and Old Church Slavonic. There are also some texts in Finnish, Latin and Greek. Russian started appearing in writing regularly during the reign of Peter the Great (a.k.a. Peter I) (1672-1725) who introduced a revised alphabet  and encouraged authors to use a literary style closer to their spoken language.  The dialect of Moscow was used as the basis for written Russian. Russian literature started to flower during the 19th century when Tolstoi, Dostoyevskii, Gogol and Pushkin were active. During the Soviet era knowledge of the Russian language was wide spread though the subjects authors could write about were restricted. Russian alphabet (русский алфавит) Russian pronunciation There are a number of other transliteration schemes for Russian. The one  shown here is the BGN/PCGN romanization system, which was developed by the  United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) and by the Permanent Committee  on Geographical Names for British Official Use (PCGN). It is designed to be  relatively intuitive for English speakers to pronounce, and is also known  as the British Standard. А is pronounced [a] when stressed, and [ə] or [ɐ] in unstressed syllables The soft (palatalization) sign after Ж, Ш, Ч and Щ does not affect their pronunciation. The vowels Е, Ё, Ю and Я normally palatalize the previous consonant (the 3rd case). When a hard sign (ъ) separates a consonant and one of these vowels, the consonant is pronounced without palatalization and the vowel is pronounced according to the rules of the 4th case. Example: подъезд (porch) [pad'jest]. If a consonant is the final letter it is always unvoiced (see the previous example). The pronunciation of unstressed vowels depends on the region. In the Central European part of Russia the unstressed Е and Я are pronounced as [i] and unstressed О is pronounced as [a]. Example: молоко (milk) [mala'ko]. The letter Ё is often written as Е except in cases of possible ambiguity: небо (sky) and нёбо (palate). Cursive Russian alphabet This is a version of the cursive handwritten Russian alphabet. Some  letters have different shapes when written in this way. Older versions of the Russian alphabet Russian alphabet (1750-1918) This is the version of Cyrillic alphabet used between 1750 and 1917/18. Russian alphabet (pre-1750) This is the version of Cyrillic alphabet used until 1750. The chart shows  the letters, their names, the IPA transcription of their names, their Latin  equivalents, and their numerical values. These versions of the Russian alphabet are transliterated using the  Scientific transliteration system, which is also known as the International Scholarly System, which has been used since the 19th century, and is the only


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The term 'art house' most widely refers to a genre of?

Watch Art House & International Movies Online | Yidio Art House & International Movies Online About Art House & International Movies The term "art house film" usually refers to a film that sits somewhere outside the mainstream genres of big-budget commercial films. The term refers to the "art house" cinema, typically a small independent theater that specializes in showing films that appeal to a niche audience rather than the mass audience that prefers Hollywood blockbusters. Because of language barriers and cultural differences, international films also tend to appeal to smaller audiences in America, so films made in other countries are often grouped together with art films. The art-house trend began in America in the 1940s and 1950s, when a part of the movie-going audience began to lose interest in the light-hearted homogeneous entertainment being produced by Hollywood. Small theaters in large cities and university towns began to show less ambitious, more serious films, and art-house audiences acquired a taste for high-minded European films, particularly those produced by a group of French filmmakers who were dubbed the "French New Wave." Toward the end of the twentieth century, the art film began to share the niche-market space with the independent film. Like art films, independent films are produced outside the mainstream Hollywood studio system, and they are also likely to attract a smaller audience than a mainstream commercial film. Early art films, however, were typically serious and intellectual in tone, while contemporary independent films fall into a wide range of genres and may be as light-hearted as mainstream films. In the early days, art house cinemas were usually confined to big cities, and audiences outside large metropolitan areas had limited access to art films and international films. With the rise of the internet and the wide-spread availability of on-demand viewing, though, the importance of the art house cinema has declined at the same time that the audience for international, independent and art films has increased. About This Genre


Berlin, Boston, Chicago, London, and New York City have since 2006 hosted five annual championship 'majors' of what sporting event?

Marathoning's Minors | Runner's World Marathoning's Minors Not the majors, but in the same league By Jim Gerweck Monday, March 1, 2010, 12:00 am Perhaps it was mere coincidence, but one couldn't help but discern the underlying symbolism of the New York Yankees winning the World Series just three days after the ING New York City Marathon had effectively closed the books on another season of major league marathoning. And for an observer of baseball and running, the similarity was almost too obvious to ignore: Big market, big money teams, or races, have essentially spent their way to the top of their respective games. Just as the Bronx Bombers locked up their world championship by outspending the rest of the major league teams, it seems the Big Five of the World Marathon Majors--Boston, London, Berlin, Chicago and New York--have relegated other races to an existence as the marathon equivalent of the Minnesota Twins or Milwaukee Brewers, destined to mostly futile attempts to compete with the big boys, or resignation to being second-or even third-fiddle races in this new world order of international marathons. But those who aren't part of the WMM "elite" don't feel like second-class events, and exhibit none of the negative outlook expressed, justifiably, by fans of teams like the Pittsburgh Pirates. Advertisement Privacy Policy | About Us "There's room for everybody," says Jos Hermens, a European-based agent for many top African runners and a consultant to several top marathons such as Rotterdam and Amsterdam. "There are so many good runners now that it's impossible for the Majors to take everyone, even if they wanted to," he continues. "London, for instance, goes after the big names, but they don't want to have 30 elites, even if they could afford it--it would create an overload and the race probably wouldn't be as exciting." With such self-imposed limits and only two or three Majors each half-year season, that leaves plenty of talent to go around to the other "semi-majors." "What's happened since the introduction of the Majors is the other marathons just below them have been liberated to concentrate on other aspects besides assembling a full, top-notch field, and creating head-to-head competition," says Dave Monti, editor and publisher of Race Results Weekly and elite athlete coordinator for the New York City Marathon. "Look at the times from Frankfurt and Rotterdam [in 2009, won in 2:06:14 and 2:04:27, respectively]. They can assemble a group of pacemakers who can focus solely on running fast, and they succeeded. "Each race is trying to pick something to set it apart. For instance Vienna brought in only marathon debutants, and wound up with a 2:08:21 winning time. There's no question that the races below the Majors have had to raise their game, and as a result they've become bigger and better." Still, just as the top baseball free agents all eventually sign with the big money teams, since it gives them the best chance to play in the World Series, many top marathoners will run only in a WMM event--assuming they can get in. "The Majors are where the best runners want to be," says Ray Flynn , agent for top American marathoners Ryan Hall and Deena Kastor. "Unfortunately, there are only so many spots in these races." Flynn thinks that, in some ways, the top U.S. runners may be in a better position in this regard. "The African runners are in some respects their own worst enemies," he says. "It's always going to be more difficult for them to establish themselves among their countrymen--there's no shortage of great Kenyan marathoners." "Compared to the Majors, we have a limited budget," says Hermens. "So we have to be careful and creative. We have our own training camps in Africa, and we are close to the managers, so we know who the up-and-coming runners are." And just like a ballplayer who excels with a small-market team eventually cashes in as a free agent with the Yankees or Phillies, runners who win other races in fast times soon begin receiving invitations from the elite coordinators of WMM races. Consider someone like Felix


A 'supermassive (what?)' is generally believed to be at the centre/center of the (our) Milky Way galaxy?

New evidence for jet from Milky Way’s black hole | Today's Image | EarthSky New evidence for jet from Milky Way’s black hole By Deborah Byrd in Today's Image | November 21, 2013 The evidence comes in the form of high-energy particles blasting out of the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy. This composite image features both X-rays from the Chandra X-ray Observatory (purple) and radio data from the Very Large Array (blue). You can see the position of Sagittarius A* – believed to mark the location of our galaxy’s supermassive black hole – and its suspected jet. Image via Chandra. NASA says the best case yet has been made for a jet from our Milky Way galaxy’s central, supermassive black hole. The evidence comes in the form of high-energy particles seen in the image above to be blasting out of the hole. Astronomers combined X-ray data from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory with radio emission from the NSF’s Very Large Array (VLA) to create the composite image above. This image reveals the position of the suspected jet and Sagittarius A* (Sgr A* for short; pronounced Sagittarius A-star). Sgr A* is believed to be the location of a supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy. The location of a shock front is also marked. As the jet blasts from Sgr A*, it travels through space until it hits gas several light years away. Once the jet hits, it triggers the shock front’s formation. It’s now generally accepted by astronomers that most spiral and elliptical galaxies have supermassive black holes in their cores, as our spiral Milky Way galaxy does.


A geis (plural geasa) is a curse or taboo in which national mythology/language?

Meaning of Geis Geis In Irish mythology and folklore, a geis (ʃ; s`; plural geasa) is an idiosyncratic taboo, whether of obligation or prohibition, similar to being under a vow or spell. The Scottish Gaelic spelling `geas` is also common. ==Geis in Irish Mythology== A geis can be compared with a curse or, paradoxically, a gift. If someone under a geis violates the......


A study published in 2012 (by the UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) found that prolonged use of what tended to produce chronic ongoing tension headaches in sufferers?

2012 | British Journal of Medical Practitioners Chlorhexidine; Oral decontamination; Ventilator associated pneumonia; Mechanical ventilation Introduction Nosocomial pneumonia in patients receiving mechanical ventilation, also called ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), is an important nosocomial infection worldwide which leads to an increased length of hospital stay, healthcare costs, and mortality.(1,2,3,4,5) The incidence of VAP ranges from 9% to 27% with a crude mortality rate that can exceed up to 50%.  (6,7,8,9) Aspiration of bacteria from the upper digestive tract is an important proposed mechanism in the pathogenesis of VAP.(9, 10)  The normal flora of the oral cavity may include up to 350 different bacterial species, with tendencies for groups of bacteria to colonize different surfaces in the mouth. For example, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, Actinomyces viscosus, and Bacteroides gingivalis mainly colonize the teeth; Streptococcus salivarius mainly colonizes the dorsal aspect of the tongue; and Streptococcus mitis is found on both buccal and tooth surfaces.(11) Because of a number of processes, however, critically ill patients lose a protective substance called fibronectin from the tooth surface.  Loss of fibronectin reduces the host defence mechanism mediated by reticuloendothelial cells. This reduction in turn results in an environment conducive to attachment of microorganism to buccal and pharyngeal epithelial cells.(12) Addressing the formation of dental plaque and its continued existence by optimizing oral hygiene in critically ill patients is an important strategy for minimizing VAP.(13) Two different interventions aimed at decreasing the oral bacterial load are selective decontamination of the digestive tract involving administration of non absorbable antibiotics by mouth, through a naso-gastric tube, and oral decontamination, which is limited to topical oral application of antibiotics or antiseptics.(14) Though meta-analysis of antibiotics in decontamination of digestive tracts have found positive results(15) , the use of this intervention is, however, limited by concern about the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria.(16) One alternative to oral decontamination with antibiotics is to use antiseptics, such as chlorhexidine which act rapidly at multiple target sites and accordingly may be less prone to induce drug resistance.(17) Recently a meta-analysis of four trials on chlorhexidine failed to show a significant reduction in rates of ventilator associated pneumonia(18)  but, subsequent randomised controlled trials, however, suggested benefit from this approach.(19) Current guidelines from the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention recommend topical oral chlorhexidine 0.12% during the perioperative period for adults undergoing cardiac surgery (grade II evidence). The routine use of antiseptic oral decontamination for the prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia, however, remains unresolved.(8) Despite the lack of firm evidence favouring this preventive intervention, a recent survey across 59 European intensive care units from five countries showed that 61% of the respondents used oral decontamination with chlorhexidine. As the emphasis on evidence based practice is increasing day by day, integrating recent evidence by meta-analysis could greatly benefit patient care and ensure safer practices. Hence we carried out this meta-analytic review to ascertain the effect of oral decontamination using chlorhexidine in the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia and mortality in mechanically ventilated adults.(20) Methods Articles published from 1990 to May 2011 in English which were indexed in the following databases were searched: CINAHL, MEDLINE, Joanna Briggs Institute, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Google search engine. We also screened previous meta-analyses and the references lists from all the retrieved articles for additional studies. Further searches were carried out in two trial registers ( www.clinicaltrials.gov/ and www.controlled-trials.com/ ) and on web pos


A Podiatrist is traditionally more commonly called a?

What Is the Difference Between a Podiatrist & Orthopedist? - Woman What Is the Difference Between a Podiatrist & Orthopedist? by Beth Greenwood Podiatrists and orthopedists work on the lower legs and feet. Although both podiatrists and orthopedists work with the musculoskeletal system, there are significant differences between the two. For example, orthopedists -- more commonly called orthopedic surgeons or orthopods -- and podiatrists have different medical degrees. The orthopedic surgeon is an MD -- Doctor of Medicine -- or a DO -- Doctor of Osteopathy. Podiatrists, however, earn a DPM, or Doctor of Podiatric Medicine. Both podiatrists and orthopods must be licensed to practice in all states. Education Education is one of the most obvious differences between an orthopod and a podiatrist. Orthopods follow the traditional medical education path from college through medical school and residency. As surgeons, orthopods spend five years learning general surgery as well as their specialty, for a total of 13 or more years from college entry to completion of residency. Podiatrists are not required to have a bachelor’s degree -- although most do -- but need a minimum of three years of undergraduate education in specific subjects such as biology, chemistry and physics to attend a school of podiatry. The DPM is a four year degree and is followed by a residency which usually lasts three years, so a podiatrist might complete her educational requirements within 10 years. What They Do Both podiatrists and orthopods treat and perform surgery on the feet and lower legs, but a podiatrist’s practice is limited to that area, while an orthopod might also work on the hips, shoulders, elbows, hands or spine. An orthopod might treat conditions such as fractures, dislocations and torn ligaments in any joint. In addition, an orthopod might treat scoliosis, arthritis, osteoporosis or bone tumors. A podiatrist will focus on lower leg and foot problems such as treating calluses, removing bone spurs, providing diabetic foot care or performing bunionectomies. Either professional might prescribe braces and splints for the lower legs and feet or shoe inserts called orthotics. Specialization Because the orthopod has a much wider scope of practice than a podiatrist, many specialize in areas, such as spine surgery. Some orthopods limit their practice to the shoulders, hands, hips or feet. Others may perform a range of surgeries but specialize in pediatric care. Some orthopods choose specialties such as reconstructive surgery or sports medicine. Podiatrists could specialize in podiatric sports medicine, where they focus on treating and preventing foot and ankle injuries for athletes. Podiatrists might also specialize in pediatrics or might choose to perform only advanced surgical procedures such as foot and ankle reconstruction. Salaries Another significant difference between podiatrists and orthopods is found in salaries. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that podiatrists earned an average annual salary of $133,870 in 2011, while surgeons earned $231,550. The BLS groups orthopods with all other surgeons except oral-maxillofacial surgeons and obstetrician-gynecologists, who are tracked separately, so salary data incorporates information from a broad range of surgical specialties. However, the American Medical Group Management Association reported that orthopedic surgeons earned $501,808 annually in 2011.


George Entwistle became director general of which global corporation in Sept 2012?

BBC names new director-general BBC names new director-general Pin it Share LONDON (AP) — The British Broadcasting Corp. named executive George Entwistle its new chief on Tuesday, giving him one of the country's top media jobs. Entwistle, 49, will replace current director-general Mark Thompson, who announced he would step down following London's 2012 Olympics after an eight year tenure that has seen him handle sweeping cuts to staff and services. "I love the BBC and it's a privilege to be asked to lead it into the next stage of its creative life," said Entwistle, who joined the BBC as a trainee in 1989 and most recently worked as head of the organization's television services. The 450,000-pound-salary ($702,000) post will come with a raft of challenges — not least the task of delivering the BBC's mix of entertainment and journalism amid a decline in funding. Each British household with access to television and radio services pays a compulsory 145.50 pounds ($227) fee each year, but any rises in the levy have been frozen until 2016. Already, Entwistle — who takes up his role on Sept. 17. — has agreed to take a smaller salary than his predecessor. Media watchers in Britain had tipped the BBC's chief operating officer, Caroline Thomson, to become the 90-year-old broadcasting organization's first ever female chief. Reblog


The preparation of what entails scoring (or slashing or docking) it with a 'lame' (pronounced 'lahm') before baking?

Attachment 14951 Details for Bug 43473 patch obsolete >A >A'S >A-BOMB >A-BOMBS >A-LEVEL >A-LEVELS >A.M. >AA >AARON >ABACK >ABACUS >ABAFT >ABANDON >ABANDONED >ABANDONING >ABANDONMENT >ABANDONS >ABASEMENT >ABASHED >ABATE >ABATED >ABATEMENT >ABATES >ABATING >ABATTOIR >ABATTOIRS >ABBE >ABBESS >ABBEY >ABBEYS >ABBOT >ABBOTS >ABBREVIATE >ABBREVIATED >ABBREVIATION >ABBREVIATIONS >ABC >ABC'S >ABDICATE >ABDICATED >ABDICATING >ABDICATION >ABDOMEN >ABDOMENS >ABDOMINAL >ABDUCT >ABDUCTED >ABDUCTING >ABDUCTION >ABED >ABERRANT >ABERRATION >ABERRATIONS >ABET >ABETS >ABETTED >ABETTING >ABEYANCE >ABHOR >ABHORRED >ABHORRENCE >ABHORRENT >ABHORS >ABIDE >ABIDED >ABIDES >ABIDING >ABILITIES >ABILITY >ABJECT >ABJECTION >ABJECTLY >ABJURE >ABLATIVE >ABLAZE >ABLE >ABLE-BODIED >ABLER >ABLEST >ABLUTION >ABLUTIONS >ABLY >ABNEGATION >ABNORMAL >ABNORMALITIES >ABNORMALITY >ABNORMALLY >ABO >ABOARD >ABODE >ABODES >ABOLISH >ABOLISHED >ABOLISHES >ABOLISHING >ABOLITION >ABOLITIONIST >ABOLITIONISTS >ABOMINABLE >ABOMINABLY >ABOMINATE >ABOMINATION >ABOMINATIONS >ABORIGINAL >ABORIGINALS >ABORIGINE >ABORIGINES >ABORT >ABORTED >ABORTING >ABORTION >ABORTIONIST >ABORTIONISTS >ABORTIONS >ABORTIVE >ABOUND >ABOUNDED >ABOUNDING >ABOUNDS >ABOUT >ABOVE >ABOVE-MENTIONED >ABOVEBOARD >ABRACADABRA >ABRADED >ABRAHAM >ABRASION >ABRASIONS >ABRASIVE >ABRASIVELY >ABRASIVES >ABREAST >ABRIDGE >ABRIDGED >ABRIDGMENT >ABROAD >ABROGATE >ABROGATED >ABROGATES >ABROGATION >ABRUPT >ABRUPTLY >ABRUPTNESS >ABSCESS >ABSCESSES >ABSCOND >ABSENCE >ABSENCES >ABSENT >ABSENT-MINDED >ABSENT-MINDEDLY >ABSENT-MINDEDNESS >ABSENTED >ABSENTEE >ABSENTEEISM >ABSENTEES >ABSENTING >ABSENTLY >ABSINTH >ABSOLUTE >ABSOLUTELY >ABSOLUTENESS >ABSOLUTION >ABSOLUTISM >ABSOLVE >ABSOLVED >ABSOLVES >ABSOLVING >ABSORB >ABSORBED >ABSORBENT >ABSORBING >ABSORBS >ABSORPTION >ABSTAIN >ABSTAINED >ABSTAINER >ABSTAINING >ABSTAINS >ABSTEMIOUS >ABSTEMIOUSNESS >ABSTENTION >ABSTENTIONS >ABSTINENCE >ABSTRACT >ABSTRACTED >ABSTRACTEDLY >ABSTRACTING >ABSTRACTION >ABSTRACTIONS >ABSTRACTS >ABSTRUSE >ABSURD >ABSURDITIES >ABSURDITY >ABSURDLY >ABUNDANCE >ABUNDANT >ABUNDANTLY >ABUSE >ABUSED >ABUSES >ABUSING >ABUSIVE >ABYSMAL >ABYSMALLY >ABYSS >ABYSSES >ACACIA >ACACIAS >ACADEMIC >ACADEMICALLY >ACADEMICALS >ACADEMICIAN >ACADEMICIANS >ACADEMICS >ACADEMIES >ACADEMY >ACC. >ACCEDE >ACCEDED >ACCEDES >ACCEDING >ACCELERATE >ACCELERATED >ACCELERATES >ACCELERATING >ACCELERATION >ACCELERATOR >ACCELERATORS >ACCENT >ACCENTED >ACCENTING >ACCENTS >ACCENTUATE >ACCENTUATED >ACCENTUATES >ACCENTUATING >ACCENTUATION >ACCEPT >ACCEPTABILITY >ACCEPTABLE >ACCEPTABLY >ACCEPTANCE >ACCEPTANCES >ACCEPTED >ACCEPTING >ACCEPTS >ACCESS >ACCESSIBILITY >ACCESSIBLE >ACCESSION >ACCESSIONS >ACCESSORIES >ACCESSORY >ACCIDENT >ACCIDENT-PRONE >ACCIDENTAL >ACCIDENTALLY >ACCIDENTS >ACCLAIM >ACCLAIMED >ACCLAIMING >ACCLAMATION >ACCLIMATIZATION >ACCLIMATIZE >ACCLIMATIZED >ACCLIMATIZING >ACCOLADE >ACCOLADES >ACCOMMODATE >ACCOMMODATED >ACCOMMODATES >ACCOMMODATING >ACCOMMODATINGLY >ACCOMMODATION >ACCOMMODATIONS >ACCOMPANIED >ACCOMPANIES >ACCOMPANIMENT >ACCOMPANIMENTS >ACCOMPANIST >ACCOMPANY >ACCOMPANYING >ACCOMPLICE >ACCOMPLICES >ACCOMPLISH >ACCOMPLISHED >ACCOMPLISHES >ACCOMPLISHING >ACCOMPLISHMENT >ACCOMPLISHMENTS >ACCORD >ACCORDANCE >ACCORDED >ACCORDING >ACCORDINGLY >ACCORDION >ACCORDIONS >ACCORDS >ACCOST >ACCOSTED >ACCOUNT >ACCOUNTABLE >ACCOUNTANCY >ACCOUNTANT >ACCOUNTANTS >ACCOUNTED >ACCOUNTING >ACCOUNTS >ACCOUTREMENTS >ACCREDITED >ACCRETION >ACCRETIONS >ACCRUE >ACCRUED >ACCRUES >ACCRUING >ACCUMULATE >ACCUMULATED >ACCUMULATES >ACCUMULATING >ACCUMULATION >ACCUMULATIONS >ACCUMULATIVE >ACCUMULATOR >ACCUMULATORS >ACCURACY >ACCURATE >ACCURATELY >ACCURSED >ACCUSATION >ACCUSATIONS >ACCUSATIVE >ACCUSE >ACCUSED >ACCUSER >ACCUSERS >ACCUSES >ACCUSING >ACCUSINGLY >ACCUSTOM >ACCUSTOMED >ACCUSTOMING >ACCUSTOMS >ACE >ACERBIC >ACES >ACETATE >ACETIC >ACETYLENE >ACHE >ACHED >ACHES >ACHIEVABLE >ACHIEVE >ACHIEVED >ACHIEVEMENT >ACHIEVEMENTS >ACHIEVES >ACHIEVING >ACHILLES >ACHING >ACID >ACIDIC >ACIDIFIED >ACIDITY >ACIDS >ACIDULOUS >ACKNOWLEDGE >ACKNOWLEDGED >ACKNOWLEDGEMENT >ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS >ACKNOWLEDGES >ACKNOW


Hyponatremia/hyponatraemia is a problematical reduction of what in human blood serum?

Hyponatremia: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology Practice Essentials Overview Practice Essentials Hyponatremia is an important and common electrolyte abnormality that can be seen in isolation or, as most often is the case, as a complication of other medical illnesses (eg, heart failure, liver failure, renal failure, pneumonia). The normal serum sodium level is 135-145 mEq/L. Hyponatremia is defined as a serum sodium level of less than 135 mEq/L. Joint European guidelines classify hyponatremia in adults according to serum sodium concentration, as follows [ 1 , 2 ] : Mild: 130-134 mmol/L Profound: <125 mmol/L Signs and symptoms Symptoms range from nausea and malaise, with mild reduction in the serum sodium, to lethargy, decreased level of consciousness, headache, and (if severe) seizures and coma. Overt neurologic symptoms most often are due to very low serum sodium levels (usually <115 mEq/L), resulting in intracerebral osmotic fluid shifts and brain edema. Hyponatremia is classified according to volume status, as follows: Hypovolemic hyponatremia: decrease in total body water with greater decrease in total body sodium Euvolemic hyponatremia: normal body sodium with increase in total body water Hypervolemic hyponatremia: increase in total body sodium with greater increase in total body water Hyponatremia can be further subclassified according to effective osmolality, as follows: Hypotonic hyponatremia See Clinical Presentation for more detail. Diagnosis There are three essential laboratory tests in the evaluation of patients with hyponatremia that, together with the history and the physical examination, help to establish the primary underlying etiologic mechanism: urine osmolality, serum osmolality, and urinary sodium concentration. Urine osmolality Urine osmolality helps differentiate between conditions associated with impaired free-water excretion and primary polydipsia. A urine osmolality greater than 100 mOsm/kg indicates impaired ability of the kidneys to dilute the urine. Serum osmolality Serum osmolality readily differentiates between true hyponatremia and pseudohyponatremia. The latter may be secondary to hyperlipidemia or hyperproteinemia, or may be hypertonic hyponatremia associated with elevated glucose, mannitol, glycine (posturologic or postgynecologic procedure), sucrose, or maltose (contained in IgG formulations). Urinary sodium concentration Urinary sodium concentration helps differentiate between hyponatremia secondary to hypovolemia and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). With SIADH (and salt-wasting syndrome), the urine sodium is greater than 20-40 mEq/L. With hypovolemia, the urine sodium typically measures less than 25 mEq/L. However, if sodium intake in a patient with SIADH (or salt-wasting) happens to be low, then urine sodium may fall below 25 mEq/L. See Workup for more detail. Management Hypotonic hyponatremia accounts for most clinical cases of hyponatremia and can be treated with fluids. Acute hyponatremia (duration < 48 hours) can be safely corrected more quickly than chronic hyponatremia. The treatment of hypertonic and pseudohyponatremia is directed at the underlying disorder in the absence of symptoms. Intravenous fluids and water restriction Administer isotonic saline to patients who are hypovolemic to replace the contracted intravascular volume. Patients with hypovolemia secondary to diuretics may also need potassium repletion, which, like sodium, is osmotically active. Treat patients who are hypervolemic with salt and fluid restriction, plus loop diuretics, and correction of the underlying condition. The use of a V2 receptor antagonist may be considered. For euvolemic, asymptomatic hyponatremic patients, free water restriction (< 1 L/day) is generally the treatment of choice. There is no role for hypertonic saline in these patients. When treating patients with overtly symptomatic hyponatremia (eg, seizures, severe neurologic deficits), hypertonic (3%) saline should be used. Pharmacologic treatment Conivaptan, a V1A and V2 vasopressin receptor


What famous toys and games brand (founded London 1760) did French corporation Groupe Ludendo buy for £60m in 2012?

Hamleys sold to French toy company | Life and style | The Guardian Toys Hamleys sold to French toy company Groupe Ludendo buy Britain's most famous toy brand, including flagship Regent Street store, for sum in region of £60m Hamleys toy shop on Regent Street, London. Photograph: Luke Macgregor/Reuters Close This article is 4 years old Hamley's, Britain's most famous toy shop, has been sold to a French company for an estimated £60m. The 250-year old store, which has mesmerised generations of children with its seven storeys of toys and games on Regent Street in London, was taken over by Groupe Ludendo , which operates 300 toy shops across France, Belgium, Switzerland and Spain. The sale is the latest episode in the store's turbulent recent ownership history after attempts to modernise and reinvent itself. The brand began life in 1760 when William Hamley founded a toy shop called Noah's Ark at 231 High Holborn, London . David Rowland, one of Britain's richest men and until recently Conservative party treasurer, owned a minority stake in the company through Bracken, a private equity group. The majority was owned by nationalised Icelandic bank Landsbanki, which took on the business following the collapse of its previous owner, Baugur, the Icelandic investment group that bought Hamleys in 2003. The store has become part of the London tourist trail and is seen as quintessentially British, despite its foreign ownership – a trait it shares with Harrods, one of the capital's other big historic retail brands, now owned by Qatar. Gudjon Reynisson, chief executive of Hamleys, said the focus would now be on "taking the fun, entertainment and theatre of Hamleys to new levels". Jean-Michel Grunberg, chairman of Ludendo, said he would seek further international expansion. "We have the utmost respect for the Hamleys brand and heritage, as well as the unique interactive retail environment of fun, entertainment and theatre that it has created," he said. "We have every intention of maintaining this unique brand and what it stands for, and building on its successful international development." Hamleys is most famous for its Regent Street shop where, controversially for equality campaigners, there are separate floors for girls' and boys' toys. Only last year did it stop labelling floors in blue and pink. Visitors are greeted by entertainers on the ground floor demonstrating the latest toys, from model planes to colourful juggling equipment to bubble-blowing mixture. In recent years Hamleys' expansion has included eight outlets in the UK and Ireland and branches in Mumbai, Dubai and most recently Riyadh in Saudi Arabia. Among its 22 stores are outlets in Denmark, Jordan, Cyprus and Russia. The company had sales of £43m in the year to March 2011. The parties declined to reveal the exact sale price. After the collapse of Landsbanki, Hamleys was among several British retailers under committee supervision pending a sale. The bank owned the businesses as a result of the financial crisis that left Iceland in turmoil in 2008 and the years that followed. Ludendo's started as a single toy store, founded by Maurice Grunberg in a northern Parisian suburb in 1977. Its brands include La Grande Récré and Starjouet.


What word/symbol appears at the 12 o'clock position on the traditional ipod click wheel?

2013 RDX - Interior - Honda.com 2013 RDX - Interior 3/26/2012 10:21:00 PM INTERIOR OVERVIEW For 2013, the RDX has a whole new interior with more of what customers want. Topping the list is more legroom and shoulder room for both front and rear occupants. More cargo room is now available along with a significantly wider rear hatch opening. More insulation and a new Active Noise Control system help generate a quieter cabin, while two new audio systems deliver a more enjoyable listening experience. Throughout the new "dual personal" cabin, the cockpit design makes use of more sweeping shapes (rather than the previous RDX interior design that had an angular look with more sharp lines). And of course, the 2013 delivers even more driver relevant technology including an available hard disk drive (HDD) based navigation system paired with a new W-VGA monitor. Dual-zone automatic climate control keeps occupants comfortable and tinted door glass reduces eye strain along with the sun load. All said, the 2013 RDX interior has an even more upscale look and a luxury feel that Acura customers have come to expect. Just as before, RDX seats five but caters to the driver and front passenger first and foremost. Its leather seating surfaces and ergonomically designed seat contours are designed to provide ample support during spirited drives or long road trips. The power actuated driver seat is 8-way adjustable including adjustable lumbar support for a custom fit. Located just rearward of the leather-wrapped steering wheel are LED backlit gauges with progressive illumination and a Multi-Information Display (MID) that allows access to multiple electronic functions. Acura has long been known for its generous use of high tech items and the 2013 RDX continues with this tradition. New technologies for the 2013 RDX include Pandora® internet radio interface and a SMS text messaging function, while personal comfort is improved via technology in the form of items such as a Keyless Access System with pushbutton start and a new Active Noise Control system. The 2013 RDX features as standard a new rear view camera system with three unique viewing angles. Among the advanced electronic technologies in the 2013 RDX is a new 360-watt audio system with seven speakers, a CD player, AM/FM radio, XM® Radio with Note function, Bluetooth® Audio, USB port and AUX jack connectivity, and Speed Volume Control (SVC). Staying connected is not a problem as the RDX comes standard with Bluetooth® HandsFreeLink® wireless telephone interface that is compatible with most Bluetooth®-enabled mobile telephones. An available Technology Package integrates seamlessly into the RDX's performance-oriented driving environment. Included is the Acura Navigation System with Voice Recognition™ that has a new W-VGA 8-inch color screen. With the AcuraLink™ Satellite Communication System comes AcuraLink Real-Time Traffic™, a system that allows the RDX driver to more easily navigate around congested freeways. In addition, the system includes AcuraLink Traffic Rerouting™ for automatic rerouting around problem areas along the route. Also included is AcuraLink Real-Time Weather™ with weather radar image maps to provide weather tracking for area specific, continuously updated weather conditions between your current location and your final destination. Also part of the RDX's Technology Package is a new Acura/ELS Surround® premium audio system. The new audio system includes a 410-watt Digital Sound Processor amplifier, a 10-speaker surround sound array, and 15 GB of dedicated hard disk drive (HDD) media storage that allows the owner to download and store up to 3,500 songs* for later playback. The Acura/ELS Surround® premium audio system offers DVD-Audio, CD player, DTS™, AM/FM radio, XM® Radio with Note function music reminder, Bluetooth® Audio, and USB port and AUX jack connectivity. Even more so than every before, transformability of a vehicle is of top concern with buyers- so to be able to quickly and easily convert the RDX from a people hauler to a cargo hauler was paramount. Thus, besides offeri


Manolete, Belmonte, Gallito and Tomas are famous names from what discipline?

IMDb: Most Popular People With Biographies Matching "Bullfighter" Most Popular People With Biographies Matching "Bullfighter" 50 names. Paz Vega Actress Paz Campos Trigo was born in Seville, Spain, to a bullfighter father. She has been based in Los Angeles since 2008. She has starred in dozens of films in Europe and North America. After six successful seasons as Laura in "Seven Lives" (Telecinco,) one of Spain's longest running sitcoms, the young Seville born actress makes her leap to the big screen, attracting the attention of Spanish and European audiences in 2001 when she won the Goya for Best New coming Actress with her performance as Lucia in "Sex and Lucia" by Julio Medem, as well as the prestigious Chopard Award for Best Actress at the Cannes International Film Festival. The film, as well as the actress, went on to receive several other important awards in Spain and across its borders. Also in 2001, Paz starred in "Solo Mia/ Only Mine" by Javier Balaguer, opposite Sergi López and was nominated for yet another Goya Award, this time for Best Actress, marking a milestone in the history of the prestigious awards. For the first time, an actress was nominated twice for two different roles in one edition. In 2002, Paz appears in "Talk to Her" by Pedro Almodóvar. The film received over thirty international awards, including the Academy Award for the Best Original Screenplay and the Golden Globe for best foreign language film, along with seven Goya Awards nominations. The same year, the actress starred in "El Otro Lado de la Cama" by Emilio Martínez Lázaro, one of the highest grossing Spanish comedies of all time. In 2003, she was Carmen in Vicente Aranda's film, based on the homonymous novel by Prosper Mérimée, opposite Leonardo Sbaraglia. That same year, she pairs up with Santi Millán in the romantic comedy, "Dí Que Sí/Say I Do," for Columbia Pictures in Spain. Both films went on to have very successful box office careers in 2004. As a result of her collaboration with Columbia Pictures in "Dí Que Sí", James L. Brooks invited her to co-star in "Spanglish" opposite Adam Sandler. For her role, Paz won the Best Female Newcomer of the Phoenix Film Critics Society. Since "Spanglish," Paz Vega has been directed by acclaimed filmmakers such as Frank Miller, Danis Tanovic, Oliver Parker, Michelle Placido and the Taviani brothers and shared billboard with fellow actors such as, Scarlett Johansson, Andie McDowell, Eva Mendes, Colin Farrell, not to mention the legendary Christopher Lee and Morgan Freeman, among others. Paz also starred in the first film directed by Jada Pinkett Smith, produced by Will Smith: "The Human Contract." Most recently, Paz repeated her collaboration with Spain's emblematic Director, Almodovar, in "I'm So Excited," released in 2013 and has lended her voice to the Andalusan horses in "Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted." Paz Vega has performed in English, Spanish, French and Italian, in the United States, several European countries as well as Latin America. Recently, she has played the lead on Alfonso Pineda Ulloa's "Espectro" in Mexico. The province of Andalucía and the city of Seville have repeatedly recognized the actress for her tireless work representing her native region and city throughout the world. Paz has, thus, been awarded the Medal of Andalucía, the Seville Medal and the prestigious Seville Gold Medal. Gabriel Byrne Byrne was the first of six children, born in Dublin, Ireland. His father was a cooper and his mother a hospital worker. He was raised Catholic and educated by the Irish Christian Brothers. He spent five years of his childhood in a seminary training to be a Catholic priest. He later said, "I spent five years in the seminary and I suppose it was assumed that you had a vocation. I have realized subsequently that I didn't have one at all. I don't believe in God. But I did believe at the time in this notion that you were being called." He attended University College Dublin, where he studied archeology and linguistics, and became proficient in Irish. He played football (soccer) in Dublin wi


Named from Spanish, 'Land of Fire', what archipelago is the closest land mass to the Antarctic Penninsular?

List of archipelagos - StudyBlue Good to have you back! If you've signed in to StudyBlue with Facebook in the past, please do that again. List of archipelagos Canadian Arctic Archipelago  ( the world's second largest )Belcher Islands The Belcher Islands are an archipelago in Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. Located in Hudson Bay. Along with Flaherty Island, the other large islands are Kugong Island, Tukarak Island, and Innetalling Island.[1]Other major islands in the 1,500 island archipelago are Moore Island, Wiegand Island, Split Island, Snape Island and Mavor Island. Canadian Arctic Archipelago  ( the world's second largest )The Queen Elizabeth Islands (formerly Parry Islands or Parry Archipelago) Ellesmere Island Sverdrup Islands Parry Islands Amund Ringnes Island, Axel Heiberg Island, Bathurst Island,Borden Island, Cornwall Island, Cornwallis Island, Devon Island, Eglinton Island, Ellef Ringnes Island, Mackenzie King Island, Melville Island, and Prince Patrick Island.[1] Advertisement ) Franz Josef Land, Franz Joseph Land, or Francis Joseph's Land is anarchipelago located in the far north of Russia. It is found in the Arctic Ocean north of Novaya Zemlya and east of Svalbard, and is administered by Arkhangelsk Oblast. Zemlya Aleksandry (Alexandra Land) Ostrov Rudol'fa (Prince Rudolf Island) Ostrov Kheysa / G.M.O.Imyenya Z.T.Krenkel'a. (Heiss Island) Krenkel Ostrov Greem-Bell (Graham Bell Island) Zemlya Georga (Prince George Land Lofoten (Northern Sami: Lofuohta) is an archipelago and a traditional district in the county of Nordland, Norway. Though lying within the Arctic Circle, the archipelago experiences one of the world's largest elevated temperature anomalies relative to its high latitude. Southern tip of Hinnøya. Southern 60 % (approx.) of Austvågøy Gimsøy Flakstadøya Moskenesøya The New Siberian Islandsare an archipelago, located to the North of the East Siberian coast between the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea north of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Kotelny Island Vilkitsky Island Zhokhov Island Novaya Zemlya  also known in English and in Dutch as Nova Zembla, Norwegian Gåselandet (The Goose Land)) is an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean in the north of Russia and the extreme northeast of Europe at Cape Zhelaniya Novaya Zemlya consists of two major islands, separated by the narrow Matochkin Strait, and a number of smaller islands. The two main islands are Severny (northern) and Yuzhny (southern). Novaya Zemlya separates the Barents Sea from the Kara Sea. Severnaya Zemlya is an archipelago in the Russian high Arctic  located off mainland Siberia's Taymyr Peninsula across the Vilkitsky Strait. This archipelago separates two marginal seas of the Arctic Ocean, the Kara Sea in the west and the Laptev Sea in the east. October Revolution, Bolshevik, Komsomolets, and Pioneer Svalbard is an archipelago in the Arctic, constituting the northernmost part of Norway. Located north of mainland Europe, it is about midway between mainland Norway and the North Pole. Spitsbergen is the largest island, followed by Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya. Barentsøya Svenskøya Wilhelmøya The British Isles are a group of islands off the northwest coast of continental Europe that includes Great Britain, Ireland and over six thousand smaller islands. There are two sovereign states located on the islands: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Ireland. The British Isles also include three dependencies of the British Crown: the Isle of Man and, by tradition, the Bailiwick of Jersey and the Bailiwick of Guernsey in the Channel Islands The Chausey Islands south of Jersey are not generally included the Channel Islands but occasionally described as 'French Channel Islands' in English in view of their French jurisdiction. The Channel Islands are an archipelago of British Crown Dependencies in the English Channel, off the French coast of Normandy. they are considered the remnants of the Duchy of Normandy Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, Herm (the main islands); Jethou, Brecqhou (Brechou) and Lihou. The Hebrides  west coast of


What meat jelly dish is named from a French snakelike association?

Aspic | Define Aspic at Dictionary.com C16: from Old French, a variant of aspeasp² Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for aspic Expand n. 1789, "savory meat jelly," from French aspic "jelly" (18c.), literally "asp," from Old French aspe (see asp ) + ending from basilisc "basilisk" (the two creatures sometimes were confused with one another). The foodstuff said to be so called from its coldness (froid comme un aspic is said by Littré to be a proverbial phrase), or the colors in the gelatin, or the shape of the mold. Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper


Name the Russian feminist rock-protest group, three of whom were jailed for two years in 2012 for performing an anti-state song in Moscow's Cathedral of Christ the Saviour?

Russia's female punk band protesters jailed for two years | Reuters Fri Aug 17, 2012 | 4:22 PM EDT Russia's female punk band protesters jailed for two years By Timothy Heritage and Maria Tsvetkova | MOSCOW MOSCOW Three women from the Russian punk band Pussy Riot were sentenced to two years in jail on Friday for staging a protest against President Vladimir Putin in a church, a ruling supporters described as his "personal revenge". The group's backers burst into chants of "Shame" outside the Moscow courthouse and said the case showed Putin was cracking down on dissent in his new six-year term as president. Dozens were detained by police when scuffles broke out. The United States and the European Union condemned the sentence as disproportionate and asked for it to be reviewed, although state prosecutors had demanded a three-year jail term and the maximum sentence possible was seven years. But while the women have support abroad, where their case has been taken up by a long list of celebrities including Madonna, Paul McCartney and Sting, opinion polls show few Russians sympathize with them. "The girls' actions were sacrilegious, blasphemous and broke the church's rules," Judge Marina Syrova told the court as she spent three hours reading the verdict while the women stood watching in handcuffs inside a glass courtroom cage. She declared all three guilty of hooliganism motivated by religious hatred, saying they had deliberately offended Russian Orthodox believers by storming the altar of Moscow's main cathedral in February to belt out a "punk prayer" deriding Putin. Nadezhda Tolokonnikova, 22, Marina Alyokhina, 24, and Yekaterina Samutsevich, 30, giggled as the judge read out the sentences one by one, but portrayed themselves as victims of Soviet-style persecution during the trial that began on July 30. They have already been in jail for about five months, meaning they will serve another 19, and could be released if Putin were to pardon them. The Orthodox Church hinted it would not oppose such a move by appealing, belatedly, for mercy. Pussy Riot took on two powerful state institutions at once when they burst into Moscow's golden-domed Christ the Saviour Cathedral wearing bright ski masks, tights and short skirts to protest against Putin's close ties with the Church. The judge said the three women had "committed an act of hooliganism, a gross violation of public order showing obvious disrespect for society." She rejected their argument that they had no intention of offending Russian Orthodox believers. It became one of Russia's most high-profile trials since the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991 and Putin's critics said it put the 59-year-old Kremlin leader's policies in the dock. Opponents depicted it as part of a crackdown by the ex-KGB spy against a protest movement that took off over the winter, attracting what witnesses said were crowds of up to 100,000 people in Moscow to oppose his return to power. "They are in jail because it is Putin's personal revenge," Alexei Navalny, one of the organizers of the protests, said outside the court. "This verdict was written by Vladimir Putin." A police source told Itar-Tass news agency 50 people had been detained near the court when scuffles broke out. Among them were Sergei Udaltsov, a leftist opposition leader, and Garry Kasparov, a Putin critic and former world chess champion. But there was no sign of the opposition taking to the streets in anger. Opposition leaders plan a small gathering in Moscow on Sunday, the anniversary of a failed coup shortly before the Soviet Union fell in 1991, but the next big anti-Putin rally is not planned until September 15. Putin's spokesman did not immediately comment on the verdict but the president's supporters said before the trial that he would have no influence on the court's decision. Although Pussy Riot have never made a record or had a hit song, foreign singers have led the campaign for the trio's release. Madonna performed in Moscow with "PUSSY RIOT" painted on her back and wearing a ski mask in solidarity. But a poll of Russians released by th


"What SI unit (International System of Units) of measurement is defined as ""The amount of substance that contains an equal number of elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012kg of the isotope carbon-12""?"

International System of Units – The Physics Hypertextbook Discussion introduction The creation of the metric system following the complete destruction of the traditional-imperial French unit system marks the beginning of a series of events that eventually lead to the currently accepted International System of Units. The great German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) was the first to promote the idea of combining metric units with the second to form a complete and consistent unit system for mechanics. With the help of the German physicist Wilhelm Weber (1804–1891), he was able to extend this concept to include the units for electricity and magnetism. What came to be known as the Gaussian System of Units arose from this proposal. Its organization served as a model for the International System. The International System of Units (called Le Système international d’unités in French and abbreviated as SI by international convention) arose during the Eleventh General Conference of Weights and Measures (Conférence générale des poids et mesures or CGPM) conducted by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (Bureau international des poids et mesures or BIPM) in Paris in 1960. The SI model has three major components. Seven well-defined, dimensionally independent, fundamental units (or base units) that are assumed irreducible by convention (meter, kilogram, second, ampère, kelvin, mole, and candela). A large number of derived units formed by combining fundamental units according to the algebraic relations of the corresponding quantities (some of which are assigned special names and symbols and which themselves can be further combined to form even more derived units). The derived units are coherent in the sense that they are all mutually related only by the rules of multiplication and division with no numerical factor other than 1 needed. The derived units are also complete in the sense that one and only one unit exists for every defined physical quantity. Although it is possible to express many units in more than one way, they are all equivalent. (The converse statement is not necessarily true, however. Some units are used for more than one physical quantity.) Twenty currently agreed upon prefixes that can be attached to any of the fundamental units or derived units with special names creating multiples and division as needed. (The exception to this rule is the kilogram, which is already itself a multiple of the gram. In this case, prefixes should be added to the word gram.) The first three named multiples are the first three powers of ten (101, 102, 103). Subsequent named multiples are larger than the previous named multiple by three orders of magnitude (106, 109, 1012,… ). The first three named divisions are the first three negative powers of ten (10−1, 10−2, 10−3). Subsequent named divisions are smaller than the previous named division by three orders of magnitude (10−6, 10−9, 10−12,… ). Each of the three components are described in greater detail below. fundamental units While it is possible for many units to serve as the fundamental building blocks of a system, the following seven were chosen for historical and practical reasons to serve as the fundamental units of the International System of Units. The meter is the fundamental unit of length in the International System of Units. It was originally defined in 1799 as one ten millionth of the distance from the equator to the north pole as measured on a line of longitude passing through Paris (so that the circumference of the Earth would be 40 million meters). This would then fix the circumference of the Earth at the reasonably convenient value of 40 million meters. There are two problems with this statement, however. First, although nearly spherical to the eye, the Earth is slightly flattened and deviates from the geometric ideal by about one part in three hundred. A trip around the equator would be 134 km longer that a trip around the poles. Second, a small mistake was made when measuring the equator to pole distance through Paris. The length of the actual me


New York artist Vincent Castiglia is noted for painting with what unconventional substance?

Vincent Castiglia, New York Artist, Paints With His Own Blood (VIDEO) | The Huffington Post Vincent Castiglia, New York Artist, Paints With His Own Blood (VIDEO) 10/08/2012 03:54 pm ET | Updated Oct 09, 2012 David Moye Pop culture journalist, HuffPost Weird News Some people think Vincent Castiglia's artwork is bloody wonderful, which is probably a good description since the pieces are made from the artist's own blood. For the past 10 years, Castliglia has been painting dramatic and graphic works designed to get the heart pumping, and he's been using his own plasma as the paint. "[Using blood] didn't happen by accident," Castliglia told The Huffington Post. "I went through some very painful circumstances." Castiglia first started dabbing some of his blood onto pen and ink drawings, but he soon began making portraits entirely of his own blood. "Some of my paintings are 7 feet tall," he said. "Those can take up to 30 vials of blood." Castliglia only takes 15 small vials of blood from himself at a time. It's less than a donation to a blood bank, he noted. "I used to be less conscious of how much blood I removed," he said. "At one point, my right lung collapsed, and I wonder if it's because I was removing too much blood." Castiglia mixes the blood with water. It's similar to watercolor as a medium, he said, but some of the darker areas look like acrylic after they dry. The blood works can take several months to complete, and can cost as much as $26,000 each. Castliglia admits his work is dark. "I consider it depictions of human experiences that most people don't want to look at," he said. Others look at his work as a gimmick, a characterization that Castliglia disputes. "My response would be to really take a look at the content of the work, which overshadows what it’s made from, I think,” Castliglia told Oddity Central . “In order for something to be a gimmick, it really would have to lack substance.” GALLERY: VINCENT CASTIGLIA'S BLOOD PAINTINGS Vincent Castligia's Bood Paintings


What natural foodstuff in Alsace, France, became unnaturally blue and green in 2012, apparently due to a nearby M&Ms factory?

Dye Diet | Eat food, not food additives By Pat Hagan , August 6, 2013 Eating raw garlic just twice a week can almost halve the risk of lung cancer, new research shows. A study carried out in China found adults regularly consuming raw garlic as part of their diet were 44 per cent less likely to suffer the disease. Even when researchers allowed for whether people smoked – the biggest single cause of lung cancer – they found garlic still seemed to reduce the dangers by around 30 per cent. Around 40,000 people a year are diagnosed with lung cancer in England and Wales alone. Smoking is thought to cause at least 80 per cent of cases and fewer than one in ten sufferers are still alive five years after their diagnosis. Previous studies have suggested garlic can protect the lungs against various conditions, as well as ward off other malignancies such as bowel cancer. – Mail Online Failure to Protect Children and Families From Hazardous Pesticide Drift July 24, 2013 San Francisco, CA – Today, a coalition of farmworker, public health, and conservation advocates filed a challenge in the Ninth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals to force the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to protect children from unsafe exposures to toxic pesticides. The suit seeks an answer to a petition that the advocates filed with the agency in 2009 , urging EPA to set safety standards protecting children who grow up near farms from the harmful effects of pesticide drift. “It is not acceptable that our own government has so little regard for the health of our children,” said Janette Brimmer, an Earthjustice attorney representing the coalition “The government hasn’t even bothered to prepare a response to our requests.” “As a mother, I’m appalled the EPA is failing to protect our children from dangerous pesticides,” said Bonnie Wirtz, a Minnesota mother who endured negative health effects when the pesticide chlorpyrifos drifted into her home as it was sprayed on a nearby alfalfa field. Chlorpyrifos has been implicated in long-term health problems, including learning disabilities and other nervous system harms. – EARTHJUSTICE Were 98 million Americans injected with vaccines containing cancer virus? By Lance Johnson; July 30, 2013 The Centers for Disease Control recently published valuable information about polio vaccines on their site, but afterwards retracted the information. Why has that information been taken down? Regardless, a Google snapshot of this information as it appeared on July 11, 2013 is cached here: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com The saved CDC information comes right out and admits that more than 98 million Americans during a span of eight years were injected with a cancer-causing polyomavirus called SV40. This fact alone should serve as a testament to anyone: always question medical professionals who say that you or your child needs a certain vaccine or prescription. So much “medicine” today is actually poison. Professionals are often duped into believing in the safety of a vaccine or prescription, when all along it may be laced with cancer-causing, health ravaging virus, heavy metals, fungus, formaldehyde, or neurotoxins. NaturalNews The Health Risks of Genetically Modified Corn By Caitlin Shetterly, July 24, 2013 With symptoms including headaches, nausea, rashes, and fatigue, Caitlin Shetterly visited doctor after doctor searching for a cure for what ailed her. What she found, after years of misery and bafflement, was as unlikely as it was utterly common… During that time, when I wasn’t working as a writer and theater director or being a wife and mother, I visited doctors and had tests. I told few friends or members of my extended family how ill I was, because I didn’t have any way to explain what was wrong. I had no diagnosis, just a collection of weird symptoms: tight, achy pain that radiated through my body and caused me to hobble around (my ankles, I’d joke to my husband, Dan, felt like they’d been “Kathy Batesed,” à la the movie Misery); burning rashes that splashed across my cheeks and around my mouth like pizza sauce; exhaustion; he