What colour are the petals of the flower known as the Black-eyed Susan?

Petals of a Black-eyed Susan by  Richard Haynes,   Missouri  USA   Since childhood I have been intrigued by the marvelous color variety of flowering plants: why and how do so many colors occur? Why so few blue flowers and so many yellow? How do the flowers produce their colors and of what substances are they made? I had many questions but very few answers. [At this point I must say I'm not a trained botanist or even a decent gardener. (My wife has that attribute, thankfully.) I'm simply a retired chemist with botanical questions.] After earning a living in a commercial chemical direction that had nothing to do with gardening, botany or any of their aspects, I retired.  However, I was still interested in flower colors so I began a few studies of yellow wild flowers because of their ubiquity and ease of obtaining them. The flower I have studied the most has been a Missouri region variety (Rudbeckia missouriensis) of the Black-eyed Susan, Rudbeckia hirta.  R. missouriensis is a smaller variety of its larger North American cousin, R. hirta, and has blossoms perhaps one-half the size of the better known plant. Both are members of the worldwide Daisy (asteraceae) family with its 1,000 genera and 20,000 species. Some other family flowers and plants are the sunflower, coneflower, dandelion, coreopsis, yarrow, goldenrod, thistle, tansy, etc., etc. [A botanical description of Rudbeckia missouriensis is at the end of this article.] Fig. 1    R. missouriensis Fig. 2      R. missouriensis Extracting somewhat pure, unchanged color pigments from wild flowers is challenging, especially in a very small home laboratory not equipped for organic synthesis. Once extracted, examining spectra to attempt any identification is also challenging, frustrating (especially without pigment comparisons) and time consuming. So, I recently took time away from the project to do other things. One of these was to use my microscope to have a go at visually searching for the yellow pigments in the petals themselves. (Actually, I thought this might be more entertaining rather than really useful.) I don't have a microtome but, by employing the ingenuous double razor blade method reported by Walter Dioni ( Micscape February 2004 ) I produced reasonably useful slices. To maintain some cell osmotic pressure, the material was cut under water (Dioni method) then mounted in weak saline solution under cover glasses; I made no attempt at permanent mounts. All the observations were essentially photographic and thus relatively brief. STEM I looked first at transverse slices of R. missouriensis stems that had dried-on-the-stalk. (Here in Missouri we are in a summer-long drought.) Figures 3 and 4, below, reveal a multi-sided, deep faceted dry stem with its central phloem core more than half gone and the small vascular bundles surrounding the stem are closed. Figures 5 and 6 of a healthy stem, on the other hand, show that both the fluid bearing central phloem cells and the vascular bundles are intact and functioning. The greenish areas along the stem boundary, fig. 6, contain many chloroplasts in which chlorophyll is present. Two closer views of the chlorophyll cell regions are seen in figures 7 and 8, both being composites of more than one photo. Probably the needles seen in the cells in figure 9  are calcium oxalate (a metabolic by-product) along with tiny bundles of chlorophyll-containing cells.   Fig. 3  Dry Stem,  Rheinberg,  40X Fig. 4   Dry Stem,  100X Fig. 5  Fresh Stem,  40X Fig. 6  Rheinberg filter,  100X Fig. 7   Composite, 100X Fig. 8   Composite,  400X Fig. 9   Calcium Oxalate raphides,  400X A longitudinal slice (LS) of the dry stem, figures 10 and 11, also reveals the loss of the central phloem cells. Bubbles in Fig. 10 are from water in the slide prep. Fig. 10  LS,  Dry Stem,  40X Fig. 11   LS,  Edge Cells,  400X PERIANTH A longitudinal slice through the perianth, the flower base section composed of the sepals (calyx) and the petals (corolla), was made to look for pigmented cells, especially where the petals attached. As might be expected, Fig. 12 and 13 at


Which London park lies between Horse Guards Parade and Buckingham Palace?

4 out of 5 stars Time Out says St James's Park was founded as a deer park for the royal occupants of St James's Palace, and remodelled by John Nash on the orders of George IV. The central lake is home to numerous species of wildfowl, including pelicans that have been kept here since the 17th century, when the Russian ambassador donated several of the bag-jawed birds to Charles II. The pelicans are fed between 2.30pm and 3pm daily, though they have been known to supplement their diet at other times of the day with the occasional pigeon. The bridge over the lake offers very snappable views of Buckingham Palace (head that way and you'll see Green Park, the beginning of a relaxing stroll that will take you under trees as far as Hyde Park Corner). Along the north side of the park, the Mall connects Buckingham Palace with Trafalgar Square. It looks like a classic processional route, but the Mall was actually laid out as a pitch for Charles II to play 'paille-maille' (an early version of croquet imported from France) after the pitch at Pall Mall became too crowded. On the south side of the St James's Park, Wellington Barracks contains the Guards Museum; to the east, Horse Guards contains the Household Cavalry Museum.


Which fictional character has been played by the largest number of different actors?

Sherlock Holmes awarded title for most portrayed literary human character in film & TV | Guinness World Records Sherlock Holmes awarded title for most portrayed literary human character in film & TV By Guinness World Records News Published Google+ Having been depicted on screen 254 times, GWR today announces that Sherlock Holmes, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's fictional detective, has been awarded a world record for the most portrayed literary human character in film & TV. Since his creation in 1887, Sherlock Holmes has been played by over 75 actors including Sir Christopher Lee, Charlton Heston, Peter O'Toole, Christopher Plummer, Peter Cook, Roger Moore, John Cleese, Benedict Cumberbatch and Robert Downey Jr (above). Guinness World Records adjudicator Claire Burgess commented, "Sherlock Holmes is a literary institution. This Guinness World Records title reflects his enduring appeal and demonstrates that his detective talents are as compelling today as they were 125 years ago." Through a combination of films, television series, dramas and documentaries, Sherlock's appearances beat the character of Shakespeare's Hamlet by 48 portrayals to claim the record. However, Sherlock is not the overall most portrayed literary character in film. That title belongs to the non-human character Dracula, who has been portrayed in 272 films. The record was recognised as part World Record London, a calendar of record-breaking events taking place in the run-up to the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. So far the project has overseen successful record attempts for the longest curtsey relay and the longest marathon hug, with future events set to include the Queen's Diamond Jubilee River Pageant on Sunday 3 June which hopes to break the record for the Largest parade of boats. To find out what's coming up as part of World Record London, visit www.visitlondon.com/worldrecordlondon . Share


What was the title of the first feature film made in Cinemascope?

Widescreen Museum - The CinemaScope Wing 1 The CinemaScope Wing is dedicated to our good friend Rick Mitchell. He was one of the good guys. The first departure that the Hollywood based film industry made from the conventional Academy format was 3-D. The biggest studios had the least participation, with MGM, and Warner Bros producing only a few films each. The independents and smaller studios, such as Paramount, Columbia and Universal-International, produced a good many more and they were the sort of films that would have been bombs without 3-D to draw in the crowds. At 20th Century-Fox, Darryl F. Zanuck had complete faith in the wide screen system his boss, Spyros Skouras, acquired in Paris, thus Fox produced but one film in 3-D. Inferno wasn't a bad picture, but it was no worse without the 3-D, and while Fox produced just one "deepie", they were simultaneously shooting three major features in CinemaScope. One other 3-D film was released by Fox, Panoramic Pictures' Gorilla At Large . Cast and crew were all Fox contractors. Is it any wonder that 3-D came to be associated with schlock? Despite Fox's participation, minor as it was, in the 3-D craze, something bigger was happening in Paris... Prof. Henri Chrétien demonstrates his bent glass. 20th Century-Fox president Spyros Skouras in Paris with Chrétien. The rear element of the Hypergonar lens is visible, clearly showing why it was useable only with a very limited range of prime lenses. If Cinerama was the star that guided the film industry into wide screen presentations, CinemaScope was the rudder that steered the course. Studio executives ran for the doors after seeing Cinerama's premiere in New York. Representatives of 20th Century Fox and Warner Bros. literally raced to France to meet with Prof. Henri Chrétien, the inventor of a filming process that he called Anamorphoscope. Fox beat out Warners by just a few hours, so the story goes. Chrétien had developed and patented his process in the late 1920's. Efforts to interest not only his native French but foreign film makers in his wide screen process had been unfruitful for over 25 years. In fact, his patents had expired. So why were two major studios keenly interested in negotiating with Chrétien? The answer is simple, they needed the lenses that Chrétien had built. Those lenses, which he named hypergonar (nothing to do with overactive reproductive organs), were the basis for the primary surge into true widescreen feature film making. Chrétien's hypergonar lenses were based on an optical "trick" called anamorphosis, in which an image contains a distortion that is removed with a complementary viewer. In the case of Chrétien's lenses, a horizontal squeeze of 100% was imparted into the image on film resulting in a picture twice as wide as an image taken and projected through conventional lenses. In addition to the anamorphic adapters being used on the motion picture camera, a similar lens on the projector is required to expand the squeezed image on the screen. Pictured at left is an original set of lenses circa 1927. The square lens in the foreground is mounted in front of a conventional 50mm camera lens to provide the squeeze. The projection lens shown has the anamorphic adapter attached to the standard projector lens. 20th Century Fox secured world rights to Anamorphoscope, (with the exception of France and its possessions) and Chrétien's small inventory of lenses. They immediately put them to use in Hollywood by resuming pre-production on The Robe, which had been halted while the old Chrétien lenses were being evaluated. When the film finally went before the cameras it was simultaneously shot in the standard Academy format for release in theatres not equipped for anamorphic projection in addition to the anamorphic lenses, though the resounding popularity of both CinemaScope and The Robe made it unnecessary for the standard version ever to be shown in a theatre. The size of the original anamorphic adapters limited photography to the use of only 50mm and longer prime lenses. Fox presented Chrétien's company, S.T.O.P., with


In the Winnie the Poo stories, what is Kanga's baby called?

Kanga | Winniepedia | Fandom powered by Wikia Quotes "Why hello, Tigger dear." Kanga is a fictional character in A. A. Milne 's books about Winnie-the-Pooh . She is a brown female kangaroo-like animal, just like her son Roo . She is also a good friend to Winnie-the-Pooh and all the other residents of the Hundred Acre Wood . She lives with Roo in a house near the Sandy Pit in the northwestern part of the Forest. Tigger later comes to live with them, though only in the original storybooks. In the Pooh Storybooks Kanga and her son, Roo, come the Forest "in the usual way" in Chapter VII of Winnie-the-Pooh. She also appears in Chapter VIII, is mentioned in Chapter IX, and appears again in Chapter X of that book. In The House at Pooh Corner, Kanga appears in chapters II, IV, VII, IX, and X, and is mentioned in a few others. She is the only female character to appear in the books. Like most of the characters in Winnie-the Pooh, Kanga was based on a stuffed toy that belonged to Christopher Robin Milne . Ernest H. Shepard 's illustrations show Kanga with brown fur on her back and brown fur on her front. Like all female kangaroos, she has a pouch (usually called her "pocket" in the books). Unlike an actual animal, however, Kanga's pocket apparently closes with a button. (The text mentions her "buttoning" and "unbuttoning" her pocket on a few occasions, although no buttons are visible in the illustrations.) Her pocket is apparently large enough for Very Small Animals like Roo (and in one instance, Piglet ) to ride in. Kanga is a sweet, gentle, kind-hearted and motherly character. She takes great care of Roo, and is constantly concerned with his well-being, whether that means trying to keep him out of trouble or giving him his "strengthening medicine" (which is later revealed to be Extract of Malt) after meals. As Piglet describes her, Kanga "isn't Clever", but is so concerned about Roo that she will always be able to take care of him, automatically knowing "a Good Thing to Do" without thinking about it. She is not without a sense of humor, however, as shown when she not only catches onto the joke that the others are trying to play on her by hiding Roo but then turns the joke back on Piglet by pretending she believes he is Roo. Kanga also comes the nearest of all the Pooh characters to serving the role of a parent to the other characters. She will offer motherly advice - and food - to anyone who asks her. In particular, she immediately "adopts" Tigger when he comes to the Forest, welcoming him into her home, attempting to find him food he likes, and eventually allowing him to live with her and Roo. In the chapters after Tigger moves in, Kanga treats him much the way she does her own son, with kind words, gentle discipline, and even his own version of "strengthening medicine." Kanga likes to keep things clean, and when she feels especially motherly, she likes to count and organize things. She can sign her own name, as she does on the "rissolution" that the animals give to Christopher Robin , but there is no other indication of whether she can read or write. She is known for being lady-like. Some of Kanga's friends include her son Roo, Tigger, Winnie-the-Pooh, Piglet, Eeyore , Rabbit , Owl , and Christopher Robin. In the Disney Pooh Productions


"In the nursery rhyme 'Who Killed Cock Robin', ""Who saw him die?""?"

Who Killed Cock Robin? 'I' said the sparrow, 'with my little bow and arrow, I killed Cock-Robin'. 'I' said the fly, 'with my little eye, I saw him die'. 'I' said the owl, 'with my spade and trowel, I'll dig his grave'. 'I' said the rook, 'with my little book, I'll be the parson'. And all the birds of the air, Fell sighing and a sobbin' When they heard the bell toll for poor Cock-Robin. Who will be chief mourner? 'I' said the dove, 'for I mourn my love, I'll be chief mourner'. Who will sing the psalm? 'I' said the thrush, 'as I sit in a bush, I'll sing the psalm'. Who will carry the coffin? 'I' said the kite, 'if it's not in the night, I'll carry the coffin'. 'I' said the bull, 'because I can pull, I'll toll the bell'. For all the birds of the air, Fell sighing and a sobbin' When they heard the bell toll for poor Cock-Robin. Music by Ian Watts


Attributed to Saint Piran, the flag of which English county is a white cross on a black field?

Cornwall Flag | British County Flags British County Flags Posted on April 7, 2013 by vexilo Cornwall’s flag, the Cross of Saint Piran or Saint Piran’s flag, doesn’t really fit into the broad categories of county flag types. It is not a banner of council arms nor is it derived from such a banner and it is not a new design by any means, having existed at least since the early nineteenth century. The first definitive reference to it is in an 1838 work entitled ‘The Parochial History of Cornwall’ by Davies Gilbert, ( Vol III, p. 332) in which he writes “a white cross on a black ground [that] was formerly the banner of St Perran and the Standard of Cornwall; probably with some allusion to the black ore and the white metal of tin“. A description that both informs and confuses because it’s unclear why he believes it to be “formerly” the” Standard of Cornwall” and does not indicate any time when it may have first been raised or named. Significantly though, this is evidence that the land of the Cornish was represented by a distinct flag decades before banners of arms or application of local symbols in flag form appeared for other counties. The flag’s singular provenance reflects the unique character of the territory it represents. Whilst it received a local council in 1889 along with other British shires, Cornwall has an ethnic distinction that sets it apart from the other counties, being historically an assimilated Celtic land rather than plainly, a territorial division of England. Accordingly, asserting their status as a distinct nation comparable to Wales and Scotland, Cornish people contend that their flag is a national flag, symbolic of their distinct national identity and similarly comparable therefore to the Scottish saltire, the Welsh dragon or England’s cross of Saint George. Practically however, the territory has been regarded as one of England’s counties since roughly the later Middle Ages, following the gradual retreat of the language barrier behind which Cornish was spoken. This headed further and further west until to all intents and purposes, the language died out, some time in the eighteenth century; albeit that it has been revived by enthusiasts in the modern era. As Gilbert describes, the colours of the flag are traditionally held to symbolise the colours of black ore and the white tin (a distinctly Cornish product) which emerges from it. Legend holds that the flag reflects the discovery of tin in the territory by the 6th century abbot, Saint Piran, who adopted the contrasting colours upon seeing the white molten tin spilling out of the black ore in his fire. He is accordingly recognised both as the patron saint of tin miners generally and of Cornwall particularly. An alternative but similar interpretation is that the colour white stands for Cornwall’s rich veins of tin while the black is the fertile, peaty soil which contains it. Another explanation describes the white light of truth shining through the blackness/darkness of evil! The flag is famously included in a stained-glass window at Westminster Abbey unveiled in 1888 in memory of the celebrated Cornish inventor and engineer Richard Trevithick. The tableau depicts an assemblage of saints including Saint Piran whose features appear modelled on Trevithick and who carries a Cornish flag. While this is one of the oldest depictions of the flag it is speculated that the flag’s origins date back several centuries; considering Gilbert’s description of the flag as being ‘formerly’ a Standard of Cornwall this indicates that it had been in use before 1838, although without any record of his research one may only speculate. It is certainly true that Saint Piran’s flag has similarities with the flags of other Celtic nations and emblems used there. The historical and cultural links between Britanny and Cornwall are well attested and Cornwall’s flag is the reverse of that used in the Duchy of Brittany until 1532, namely white with a black cross suggesting an origin inspired by or perhaps alongside, their Celtic cousins across the channel. Accordingly it has been claimed


Which temple is depicted on the flag of Cambodia?

Cambodian Flag History This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website Cambodian Flag History Bibliography on Cambodian flags Flag History This presentation is mainly based on an article in Flag Bulletin [tfb] (No. 133, p. 3-15; title: "New flags - State of Cambodia"; author: presumably Whitney Smith [smi90] ). Further sources: Flaggenbuch [neu39] , Die Zeichen der Menschen und V�lker: Unsere Welt in Fahnen und Flaggen and Lexikon Flaggen und Wappen [smi75d] . Especially difficult are, of course, the political circumstances leading to the fact, that at certain times (at least) three flags of different governments and counter-governments had been used to represent Cambodia. Marcus Schm�ger, 9 November, 2001 Flag during French Protectorate, 1863-1948 image by P. Mattew, adapted by Marcus Schm�ger ca. 1863-1948 (Kingdom of Cambodia under French protection): The first    Cambodian flag probably came into existence around 1863 and was used, with    only variations, until 1948. It was a red field with a blue border and a    white representation of Angkor Wat in the center. The image is based on    the image in Flaggenbuch; a different variant is shown in the Flag    Bulletin article: the Angkor Wat is drawn like in the current flag. Marcus Schm�ger, 9 November, 2001 Kingdom of Cambodia, 1948-1970 image by P. Mattew and Eugene Ipavec, 8 October 1996 On 20 October 1948 a new flag was adopted, namely a horizontal triband    (1+2+1) of blue, red and blue with the Angkor Wat in white in the centre.    The Angkor Wat is usually shown outlined in red (Flags Through the Ages    and Across the World). This is basically the flag in use again now. This    flag was used until Norodom Sihanouk was overthrown in 1970. However, it    was used after that in exile and in parts of the country under the control    of Sihanouk troops. According to the Flag Bulletin article it also    appeared for a short time again at the UN headquarters from about April    1975 to January 1976. It was reestablished in Cambodia itself 30 June    1993. Marcus Schm�ger, 9 November, 2001 Khmer Republic, 1970-1975 image by P. Mathew, adapted by Marcus Schm�ger Lon Nol overthrew Sihanouk in 1970 and on 9 October 1970 a new flag was    introduced. It showed a blue field with a red canton; in the canton a    white representation of Angkor Wat (three towers), in the upper fly corner    three white stars. This flag was used until April 1975. Obviously this had    not been used afterwards in exile or by anti-government forces. In April 1975 the Khmer Rouge forces had established control of most of    Cambodia, including the capital Phnom Penh. For a while Norodom Sihanouk    acted as a puppet head-of-state of the "Democratic Kampuchea".    At least at the UN the 1948-1970 flag was reestablished until January    1976. Inside the country plain red flags seem to have been used (according    to Flag Bulletin article). Marcus Schm�ger, 9 November, 2001 Democratic Kampuchea, 1975-1979 image by Željko Heimer In January 1976 the new constitution of "Democratic    Kampuchea" established a new flag. It was a red field with a    three-towered yellow representation of Angkor Wat; however, this was much    stylized and only called "monument", not "Angkor Wat" in the constitution. This flag was used until January 1979, when the Khmer    Rouge government was deposed. However, it continued to be in use in the    parts of the country, where Khmer Rouge forces waved a guerilla war    against the government. Furthermore, as the "Democratic    Kampuchea" government was the internationally recognized government,    it was also used abroad, e.g. at UN headquarters, until 1991. It is    unclear to me, however, when this flag had been used for the first time.    It was definitely not a new invention in 1976, but had been used    previously by the Khmer Rouge. It was used in Germany during    demonstrations against the war in Vietnam and Cambodia (17 March 1973 and    29 April 1973).


Percy Bysshe Shelley, Brian Jones and Emperor ‘Barbarossa’ all died in what manner?

list of drowning victims : definition of list of drowning victims and synonyms of list of drowning victims (English) Isidor Straus and wife Ida Straus , drowned in the Titanic disaster. [24] Grigori Rasputin (died 1916), Russian mystic and Imperial adviser. The aristocratic faction tried to kill him using several methods, including, after poison, several gun shots; this is believed to be the main cause of his death, but after his body was thrown in the Neva River (and later recovered), many tend to believe that drowning was the final cause of his death. For others, attributing death by drowning means adding to a legend. [25] Enrique Granados , drowned after jumping out of a lifeboat to rescue his wife, following the torpedoing of their ship by the German navy during World War I, in 1916. [26] William Wilton (born 1865), Scottish football manager ( Rangers F.C. ), drowned in a boating accident at Gourock , Scotland in 1920. [27] Sacadura Cabral , died on 15 November 1924 after his airplane disappeared over the English Channel , along with his co-pilot Mechanical Corporal José Correia. As no bodies were found, it is not known whether they actually drowned. [28] J. W. H. T. Douglas , 1882–1930, cricketer, died unsuccessfully trying to rescue his father after a collision at sea. [29] Eugene James (1913–1933), Kentucky Derby -winning American jockey drowned in Lake Michigan while swimming at Chicago 's Oak Street Beach . [32] James Murray , 1901–1936, actor, found drowned in the Hudson River, possible suicide . [33] Virginia Woolf (born 1882), British writer, committed suicide on 28 March 1941. [34] Osamu Dazai (born 1909), Japanese writer, committed shinjū in the Tamagawa Aqueduct on June 13, 1948. [35] Arky Vaughan (born 1912), baseball Hall of Famer, drowned after falling from his fishing boat on 30 August 1952. [36] David Kenyon Webster , of the 101st Airborne (Band of Brothers) was lost at sea, September 6, 1961, while studying sharks. Presumed drowned. [37] Johnny Burnette , pop singer known for hits such as You're Sixteen drowned after a boating accident on August 14, 1964. [38] Prince Frederick of Prussia (born 1911), died in 1966 at Reinhartshausen , Germany after drowning in the Rhine . [39] Eric Fleming , actor best known for his role in the CBS series Rawhide, drowned on 28 September 1966, in a remote river in Peru 's back country while filming the made-for-TV movie "Selva Alta" ("High Jungle") for MGM . [40] Harold Holt , serving Prime Minister of Australia , presumed drowned on 17 December 1967. [41] Brian Jones (born 1942), original guitarist of The Rolling Stones, drowned in Hartfield, Sussex , England, in his own swimming pool on 3 July 1969. Classified as "death by misadventure". [42] Mary Jo Kopechne (born 1940), drowned in Edward Kennedy 's Oldsmobile Delta 88 in a car accident off of Chappaquiddick Island in mid-July 1969. [43] István Kertész , orchestral conductor, accident, 16 April 1973. [45] Josef Mengele (born 1911), war criminal and leader of the Nazi human experimentation programme, drowned while swimming off the Brazilian coast in 1979. [46] Natalie Wood (born 1938), actress, drowned in a yachting accident in 1981; the accident raised several suspicions and murder was considered. [47] Joe Delaney (born 1958), Running back for the Kansas City Chiefs , accidentally drowned in 1983 while trying to save three children who were screaming for help. [48] Dennis Wilson , one of the members of the Beach Boys , in 1983. [49] Jessica Savitch (born 1947), NBC and PBS broadcaster and reporter, drowned when her car went off the road during a heavy rainstorm into a canal. Her car sank upside down in the mud and filled with water on 23 October 1983. [50] Fernando Pereira Dutch photographer drowned when French agents sunk the Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior , July the 10th, 1985. [51] Carol Wayne , American actress who drowned under mysterious circumstances in Manzanillo, Mexico in 1985. [52] Alan Passaro , Hells Angel found not guilty of the murder of Meredith Hunter , drowned in 1985. [53] Jerry Anderson , forme


In which English city would you find The Mathematical Bridge?

Myths but fun - Mathematical Bridge, Cambridge Traveller Reviews - TripAdvisor Reviewed 1 January 2016 via mobile It is fascinating to see the unique arrangement of straight pieces of wood makes this twelve metre long bridge appear arched. Myth has it that the structure had no bolts to hold the wood together. They were clearly visible at the time of this review. It's a lovely sight to behold when in a punt getting under the bridge along river Cam, then it becomes clearer as you approach the bridge that they are actually straight pieces of wood rather than an arch. All in all, it's preservation contributes to the rich heritage of Cambridge that you wouldn't find anywhere else. Visited January 2016


Chennai is the capital and chief city of which Indian state?

2016: Full list of Indian States, Capitals and their Chief Ministers; Union Territories and capital cities | India News Bulletin Names and capital cities of all Indian States and an up-to-date list of Chief Ministers and their political parties 2016: Full list of Indian States, capitals and their Chief Ministers Tuesday, 24 May 2016 - 3:09pm Updated 6 weeks ago Archana Venkatraman December 05, 2016 UPDATE: Tamil Nadu Chief Minister J Jayalalitha passed away at Chennai's Apollo Hospital at 23:30 IST following a heart attack. She was 68. In a statement, Apollo Hospitals said: "It is with indescribable grief we announce the sad demise of our esteemed honourable chief minister of Tamil Nadu - Thalavi Amma. O Panneerselvam has taken over as temporary Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu immediately. Gujarat has a new Chief Minister - Vijay Rupani. Anandiben Patel announced on August 1, 2016 that she will quit her post. The BJP has accepted her resignation. Her resignation comes amid allegations that Anandiben Patel has been unable to manage or control major uprisings in Gujarat including the recent case where four Dalit men were thrashed. Nitinbhai Patel, too oath as Deputy CM. After Telangana  split from Andhra Pradesh to become the newest -- 29th -- State of India on 2nd June 2014 with Hyderabad as the capital of the new state and Amravathi as the capital of Andhra Pradesh, we make a refreshed and updated list of all the states, their capital cities and their chief ministers. [The list is updated as and when local government elections take place.] India comprises 29 States and seven Union Territories. A Chief Minister is an elected head of the local government in a State for a five-year term and can serve unlimited number of terms. Union Territories, unlike States, are directly ruled by the central government. But some Union Territories in India di have a local legislature and a chief minister (such as Delhi or Chandigarh).  Indian States and Ministers:


In which European capital city is the Amalienborg Palace the main royal residence?

Amalienborg Palace in Copenhagen, | Expedia Amalienborg Palace Amalienborg Palace, current page Previous image, 12 total items. Next image, 12 total items. Amalienborg Palace See the changing of the guard or peek inside two of the four identical estates where the Danish Royal family officially resides. A trip to Amalienborg Palace is a must for those who are curious to see how the Danish royals live. Enjoy the chance to see the interior of the grand palace and browse the museum to learn the history of the successive kings and Denmark’s first queen. Kids will likely be impressed by the daily ceremony for the changing of the guard.  Amalienborg was never intended to become the home of the royal family. When construction began in 1750, the complex was designed to be the home of nobles. A fire at the royal palace forced the royal family out and Amalienborg was purchased. The four palaces have been the main residence of the queen of Denmark, Margrethe II, for over 40 years.  While in Copenhagen, you will regularly see the Danish Royal Guard marching through the city streets. Each morning they make their way from Rosenborg Castle to perform the changing of the guard here. Arrive early to get the best spot, or find a café en route to relax and watch the guards pass by. Enjoy the sounds of the Royal Guards’ band accompanying the change while the queen is in residence. Look for the large statue of King Frederick V between the four identical palaces. It is said to be one of the most notable examples of equestrian statues in the world. The buildings are fine examples of Danish rococo architecture. Two are open to the public: Christian VIII’s palace houses a royal museum, while Christian VII’s palace is used for receiving dignitaries. Visit the palace museum to see historic artifacts, paintings and documents. Almost 400 years of royal history is documented. Take advantage of this rare opportunity to see the inside of an active royal residence. Walk between the rooms of the palace as you admire the ornate interior architecture.  Amalienborg Palace is located near the waterfront north of the center of Copenhagen and is best reached on foot or by bike. It is closed Mondays during the winter months; however, the changing of the guard takes place daily without fail. An admission fee applies. Explore More of Copenhagen


"Which Elton John hit of 1972 contains the line: ""I miss the Earth so much, I miss my wife""?"

Top 10 Elton John Songs Top 10 Elton John Songs By Matt Springer March 25, 2013 11:50 AM REDDIT Michael Putland, Getty Images He’s the Rocket Man. Captain Fantastic. Reginald Dwight. But you know him best as Sir Elton Hercules John , and his songs are some of the best in classic rock history. As he moves past his 66th birthday (March 25, 2013), the legendary pianist, singer and songwriter remains as stunning and spry as ever. John’s personal peace and happiness are a beautiful thing to see, knowing the years he lost to wild rock star living and a portfolio of various addictions. Watching him pound the keys with his band at one of his regular shows in Las Vegas, it’s hard to even remember the diva who waddled onto a stage in New York’s Central Park wearing a full Donald Duck costume. But that’s central to the brilliance of Elton John’s art — the contradictions within the man. He can kill you with the beauty of a tender ballad, then bowl you over with an intense blast of filthy rock and roll. He can dedicate decades of work to defeating AIDS, then engage in a public catfight with Madonna through the gossip columns. Ten songs from Elton John’s career — that’s a tall order. Your favorite isn’t on here, and neither is mine. (Okay, a few of my favorites are. MAKE YOUR OWN DAMN LIST.) But like his many public personas and musical identities, no matter which songs you choose to love, there’s always something amazing to find in Elton John’s songs. 10


Hold Me Close and Gonna Make You a Star were UK No1 singles for which singer?

Follow David on @DavidEssexNews Biography DAVID ESSEX enjoys a remarkable career that has combined concerts, records, theatre, composing, films and television with striking success. He has written, reco...rded and produced albums and singles that have sold millions of copies worldwide - twenty-three Top 30 singles in Britain alone. David went to an audition for the London production of the musical “Godspell” and was chosen by enthusiastic US producers for the role of Jesus - which shot him to fame. For this show he received two major awards and some ecstatic reviews. Harold Hobson of “The Sunday Times” compared his performance with the Christs of El Greco and Rubens and declared it “the best in London”. At the Roundhouse, and for two years in the West End at Wyndham’s, David led a cast among who were Jeremy Irons, Julie Covington and Marti Webb. Movie producer David Puttnam saw him in “Godspell” and asked him to play the lead in “That’ll Be The Day”, co-starring Ringo Starr, and its sequel “Stardust”, co-starring Larry Hagman and Adam Faith. These two films about the rise and fall of pop star Jim Maclaine are still among the most acclaimed about the rock scene and enjoy a wide cult following. They have recently been issued as a double bill on Warner Home Video. For “Godspell” David won the Variety Club of Great Britain’s “most promising newcomer” award and was nominated by S.O.F.T.A. for the movie “That’ll Be The Day”. While filming “That’ll Be The Day” David wrote and recorded “Rock On” which topped the charts in Britain and the USA. David wrote and recorded some very successful singles and albums for CBS Records, including “All The Fun of the Fair”. On his first tour of Britain for top promoter Mel Bush, who is now also his manager, mayhem broke loose and David achieved a huge fan following which has never deserted him. “Rock On” was followed by such diverse hits as “Lamplight”, “Hold Me Close” and “Gonna Make You A Star”. The last two went to No.1 in Britain. Throughout the UK crowd scenes for his concerts resembled Beatlemania. David’s picture was on posters in households everywhere. In many cities he stopped the traffic when he appeared. In the USA he was nominated for a Grammy award for “Rock-On”. At an awards ceremony attended by John Lennon, Paul Simon and Aretha Franklin, David joined Sarah Vaughan to sing a tribute and present an award to jazz giant Woody Herman. John Lennon told David how much he liked “Rock On” which sold a million in the USA and went Gold. Feted by American TV and radio, guest of chat show hosts such as Johnny Carson, Dinah Shore and Merv Griffin, David turned down several huge offers in Los Angeles as they could have kept him there for up to seven years. Homesick, he returned to Britain and did many T.V.’s including his own series for the BBC and many “Top of the Pops”. He went on to produce several albums including “Imperial Wizard” and later “Stage Struck” and “Touching The Ghost”. Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice then asked David to play Che in the musical “Evita”. Directed by giant Broadway producer Hal Prince (“West Side Story”), it was the hit of the season. David recorded “Oh What A Circus” on Phonogram - his new record company - and enjoyed a No.3 hit. The theatre was his oyster again. In Los Angeles to record Jeff Wayne’s musical version of H.G. Wells’ “War Of The Worlds” with Richard Burton, who always encouraged him in legit acting, David saw a play in Greenwich Village which appealed to him. It was “Childe Byron”, dealing with the life of Lord Byron. He asked Frank Dunlop to direct this at the Young Vic and it enjoyed success, showing him to be an ambitious straight actor. He starred in and wrote the score for his next movie, “Silver Dream Racer”. It co-starred Americans Beau Bridges and Cristina Raines and was a love triangle with a motorcycle racing backdrop. David, in his element on motorbikes, topped the charts with “Silver Dream Machine”. A new departure came when David wrote, with the National Theatre’s Richard Crane, his own musical, “Mutiny!” with F


A Scottish river, an English river and a Russian river all share which name ?

pets About the Property House, 3 Bedrooms + Sunporch, 2 full Baths, (Sleeps 8) Moon River is a magical 3 bedroom 2 bath house which sits on a slight bend of the Russian River. It has very cool architecture and spectacular views. Moon River was once featured in Sunset magazine. Moon River sits on the south bank of the Russian River, and catches the sun during the day and the gorgeous sunsets in the evening. The hot tub on the deck has the very best, panoramic views of the river. You can soak by the light of the Japanese deck lanterns. You are right ON the river....almost as close as you can get without standing in it. It was designed to take full advantage of its great location. The deck, kitchen and the River bedroom have large sliders and the best views of the river, and the lovely wooded hills rising beyond the river. There are no neighbors on the opposite bank to get in your view. And thanks to many many windows, and Moon River's vaulted ceilings, the sun revolves around from different angles all through the day. You can see the trees, hills, birds, moon and sky all day long! Our backyard riverbank has a nice easy path leading to the river's edge, and our private floating dock (available only from late June through late September once the baby salmons have safely passed). We have restored the riverbank with native Russian River plants such as Creekside Dogwood, Thimbleberry, Wild native rose, Salmonberry, Spicebush, "mock orange" (phildelphus) which smells heavenly when blooming, and California wild currant to name a few! Russian River "Rogers' Red" native grapevines intertwine the deck supports, and turn beautiful colors in the fall. Moon River is a nature paradise! There is always something beautiful in your view: fish-eating Ospreys nest in one of Moon River's own backyard redwoods. White Egrets, Great blue herons, Tundra swans, 'Whistling' swans, diving Cormorants, Merganzer ducks, smaller wood ducks, mountain quail, pond turtles, and even 6 river otters have been seen , fishing, diving and playing in the water in front of Moon River. Steelhead, Chinook, and Coho salmon leap out of the water. Bring your binoculars! Moon River's interior decor mixes mid century modern, with gorgeous antique Japanese furniture. Moon River's kitchen and bedrooms have beautiful straight-grained Douglas fir cabinets. The Japanese drink cabinet, dressers, end tables, and storage units are all made of gorgeous wood. We have searched out and found fun, 60s lunar lamps, following our outer space theme. All three of Moon River's bedrooms have plush carpeting, comfortable beds, ample closet space, multiple pillows, blankets, comforters and high grade, comfortable linens and full length mirrors. Each bed has a mattress warmer for cool nights, and each bedroom has a high powered portable fan for the warmer temps. For your little ones, there is a full size crib, bedding, booster seat, and a high chair. We also have very small life vests for them. The sleeper sofa is queen sized, and is located in the sunporch. Wake up to a great view of the morning wooded hills above the river. Each person guest receives their own personal 3-piece towel set, and also a spa (or beach) towel. The well-equipped, full kitchen has durable, high quality & user-friendly equipment. The kitchen appliances are quiet and energy-efficient . Plentiful hard anodized high-end cookware makes cooking a feast fun and easy. There are all sorts of baking pans for making cakes and bread, and basic supplies are provided, such as Olive oil, balsamic vinegar, red vinegar, soy sauce, worcestershire sauce, catsup, mustard, salad dressings, sugar, flour, spices, herbs, grill mixes and even some Indian spices. Don't forget to watch the video: Iron Won Ton Chef. Go see what group did at Moon River and taped themselves doing it! They had alot of fun. Our Heath stoneware (made in nearby Sausalito) dining service is attractive and sturdy. There are many sizing of serving bowls, platters and serving utensils. We even have chopsticks and chopstick rests. Our stainless propane BBQ is large


In which country does the Zambezi River reach the sea?

Zambezi River Zambezi River   T he Zambezi is Africa’s fourth largest River system, after the Nile, Zaire and Niger Rivers. It runs through six countries on it’s journey from central Africa to the Indian Ocean. Its unique value is that it is less developed than others in terms of human settlement and many areas along it’s banks enjoy protected status. It’s power has carved the spectacular Victoria Falls and the zigzagging Batoka Gorge. The Zambezi has been harnessed at various points along the way including the massive Kariba Dam between Zambia and Zimbabwe and Cabora Bassa Dam in Mozambique. Plans for another dam at the Batoka gorge have fortunately been shelved. The River’s beauty has attracted tourists from all over the world providing opportunities for a myriad of water sports and game viewing. Running for a length of 2700kms, it begins it’s journey as an insignificant little spring in the corner of north-west Zambia in the Mwinilunga District. It bubbles up between the roots of a tree, very close to the border where Zambia, Angola and Zaire meet. It enters Angola for about 230kms, where it accumulates the bulk of its headwater drainage, and re-enters Zambia again at Cholwezi rapids flowing due south but substantially enlarged by the entry of various tributaries. This upper part of the river is thinly populated by pastoralists, farmers and fishermen and although wildlife is sparse it is remarkably free of pollution. This is also the scene of the remarkable Ku-omboka Ceremony where thousands of inhabitants move annually to higher ground as the Zambezi floods into the low lying plains. It passes through the flat sandy country of the Western Province, then traverses the broad, annually flooding Barotse Plains, where much of the water is lost to evaporation, then over more rocky country where it’s tranquil course is interrupted by the Ngonye falls and rapids. As it turns to an easterly direction it forms the border between Zambia and Namibia and eventually joins up with the Chobe River in the Caprivi Swamps, briefly forming a border with Botswana. For the next 500kms it serves as the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe thundering over the Victoria Falls and through the narrow, steadily deepening Batoka Gorge, providing a fantastic playground for white water rafting, kayaking, river boarding and jet boating. From here the steep sides of the gorge eventually flatten out at the broad Gwembe Valley. Then it flows into the Kariba dam for 281kms – it’s width at one point being 40kms. From the dam wall the river travels due north, heading east again at Chirundu. Here it is flanked by the Lower Zambezi National Park on the Zambian side and Mana Pools National Park on the Zimbabwean side. This middle zone supports one of Africa’s most important wilderness areas. After the Luangwa confluence, it’s a much larger Zambezi that flows into Mozambique and out towards the Indian Ocean, having provided power, food, pleasure and transport for many and a home for untold numbers of wildlife along it’s journey. Fishing Trips on the Zambezi River


Visit Winchester : tourist guide, photos and sightseeing tours Links INTRODUCTION Winchester (population: 96,000) is an attractive, historic city in Hampshire. It was been an important town since Roman times (the same is true for other places in Britain whose names end in -cester or -chester, from the Latin word for "camp"). Close to the bus station (in the road called Broadway) is one of its most famous symbols: the bronze statue of King Alfred. King Alfred the Great was the king of Wessex from 871-899. He succeeded in fighting off the Danes (Vikings), who at that time had taken over much of the north. Winchester was Alfred's capital, and he did a lot to develop the town and to keep it safe from attack. The statue was put up in 1901. King Alfred's statue Near to the statue is the Tourist Information Centre. Ask for a free copy of The Winchester Walk, a leaflet which includes a map and suggested routes for walks around the city. The photos shown on this page follow a route which combines two of these walks: "The Heart of the Ancient Capital" and "The Upper City", starting and ending at King Alfred's statue. Back to top CITY MILL From King Alfred's statue, walk away from the town centre towards the river. On the left hand side before a bridge you can see the entrance to City Mill. This is a water-powered mill, used for making flour from corn. There has been a mill on this site since the 1100s; the mill that you can see dates from 1743. The mill was closed at the start of the 1900s, but in 1928 it was donated to the National Trust, who have restored it to working order. Part of the building is now used as a youth hostel. For a small entrance fee you can visit a museum explaining the history and working of the mill, see the water wheel and visit a small garden in the middle of the river. Mill water wheel Back to top RIVERSIDE WALK Return to the river and turn right. You can follow an attractive walk along the river, known locally as the Weirs Walk. On your right you can see part of the old town walls (parts of this date from Roman times): the walls were built next to the river for defensive reasons. [ If you have time, you can continue the walk up to St Giles Hill, from where there are attractive views of the city. You can also follow a footpath across the water meadows to the Hospital of St Cross. This is England's oldest almshouse (a place where food and assistance is given to poor and hungry travellers): even today, if you ask for wayfarer's dole at the Porter's Lodge, you will be given some bread and a drink ] Back to top WOLVESEY CASTLE Turn right into College Street, where you can see the entrance to Wolvesey Castle. The castle was built in 1137 but was destroyed in 1645, during the English Civil War. Parts of the castle were rebuilt and became the home of the Bishop of Winchester. The ruins are managed by English Heritage: there is a small entrance charge. Back to top WINCHESTER COLLEGE If you continue along College Street you will see the main entrance to Winchester College on your left. This is the oldest public school in England. It was founded in 1382 by William Wykeham, the Bishop of Winchester. Although the school grounds are private, it is possible to join a guided tour. Back to top JANE AUSTEN'S HOUSE The famous English writer Jane Austen spent the last six weeks of her life in Winchester. You can see the house where she lived shortly after the entrance to Winchester College, marked with a blue plaque above the entrance. She was writing her novel Persuasion at this time: this was published after her death. Note that the house is private: it is not possible to visit it. Pass through the arch of Kingsgate , one of the city's medieval gates, to enter the grounds of Winchester Cathedral, where Jane Austen's body is buried. Back to top WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL As you enter the grounds of the cathedral you can see the Pilgrims School, used to educate the boys of the Cathedral choir. Follow the path around to the main entrance of the cathedral. Pick up a leaflet at the informatio


Which TV celebrity chef's Jack Russell Terrier, Chalky, died aged 17 in January 2007?

Brewing up tribute to famous dog - Jack Russell Terrier UK Brewing up tribute to famous dog Story sourced from the BBC - Visit here . Originally reported on Thursday, 21 June 2007 Story posted on 26 June 2007 Chalky died in January, aged 17 TV Stars: Rick Stein and constant companion Chalky Chalky's Bite is named after the chef's well-known companion, who died in January aged 17, and will soon be sold in Sainsbury's stores across the UK. Cornwall-based brewery Sharp's worked with Stein to come up with a beer which would go well with seafood. The beer was created before Chalky's demise but Joe Keohane, from the brewery, said it now provided a fitting tribute to a "much-loved" dog. 'A wonderful find' The beer was created when Stein challenged Sharp's head brewer Stuart Howe to create a beer to drink with seafood dishes. Mr Howe came up with the brew using wild Cornish fennel, Cornish malted barley and three different hops and Stein says it is an impressive beer which is "distinctively English and very much a product of Sharp's Brewery". The Rock-based brewery was founded in 1994 and now employs 52 people. Trish Penn, Sainsbury's beer buyer, said: "I am so excited to offer so many of our customers this unique product, visitors to the South West kept on telling me what a wonderful find it was for them." Chalky, who died in January, became well-known through his appearances on Stein's television series and a House of Commons motion was even tabled to pay tribute to him.


In Hindu myth, which creature is associated with the god Hanuman?

Hanuman Hanuman by Sumanta Sanyal Hanuman, together with Ganesha and Garuda , is one of the three major Hindu deities with animalistic physical features. He is loved all over India as the monkey-god who so faithfully served Rama , Vishnu 's seventh avatar (incarnation), in his war against Ravana , the demon king. Hanuman is a major deity in North India where he is regarded as a propitiator against all evil. Temples to him have been erected all over that part of the country each small villages and towns having their own "Hanuman" shrine to keep the populace within the ambit of his able and benign prowess. Myth has it that Hanuman was one of the many creatures the gods created to assist Vishnu in his incarnation as Rama. The monkey god is the son of Vayu , the wind god, and Anjana, an apsara who was turned into a monkey by a curse. Dasaratha, the king of Ayodhya, a kingdom in the north of India at that time, did not have a son and was advised by the holy men to perform a ceremony with which he would ask the gods to favor him with one. He did so, with great pomp and piety, and was bequeathed with a cake of divine origin that he was instructed to share among his three queens. He did so but his second queen, Kaikeyi, was allotted her share last and took affront at this late treatment. She threw the cake away and a crow flew away with. Kaikeya repented and later became the mother of Bharata, the second of the four sons which Dasaratha was blessed with as a result of the ceremony. His first son Rama, born of his first wife Kaushalla, is the seventh incarnation of Vishnu and the epic battle he conducted to rid the universe of Ravana, the tyrannous demon king of Lanka, is well-depicted in the Indian epic Ramayana. Dasaratha's youngest wife Sumitra, bore him the twins Lakshman and Satrughna. They were the youngest and Lakshman was inseparable from Rama, his eldest brother, and his devotion to his eldest brother throughout their strife against the demon-king is still considered as symbol of fraternal devotion in India. Going back to the birth of Hanuman, it is found that the crow who stole the cake after Kaikeyi threw it away flew with it into the forest. There it came upon Anjana, in her cursed monkey form, performing worship. Vayu, the wind god, was also fortuitously there at that moment and, seeing the crow flying past with the piece of cake in its beak, he blew hard and a strong wind immediately swept the piece of cake out of the crow's beak and into Anjana's hands. Vayu went away but was immediately replaced by Shiva, who instructed Anjana to eat the cake. She did so and conceived Hanuman, who is thus considered to be the son of Vayu. From when he was born Hanuman proved to be such a voracious eater that is mother was beyond herself feeding him. He even attempted to eat the sun, an attempt foiled by Indra , the king of the gods, who threw his thunderbolt at the tremendous baby to discourage him from devouring the only source of light to the earth. This created a slight commotion in the heavens with Vayu coming to the rescue of his son but the gods intervened and persuaded Indra to apologize to Vayu. Peace returned and the gormandizing baby was returned to the safe folds of his mother while Surya , the sun god, was spared a horrible fate. Nevertheless, there was always enough foodstuff for Hanuman and he grew up to become a warrior of immense strength and agility. He could move, both run and fly, at the speed of the wind, an attribute bequeathed by his father. He could also change his size at will � he could become so tiny that he could get into any room through the keyhole and he could expand into such an enormous figure that he could carry a whole mountain on his back. These abilities stood in good stead in the war he assisted Rama in against Ravana. Ravana, the evil demon king of Lanka, was such a terrible despot that people, gods and all other creatures of the three Hindu realms prayed to the gods to save them from him. After Rama grew to marriageable age he became betrothed to Sita , daughter of king Janak. Subsequently, R


Who had a UK Top 10 chart hit in 1976 with 'Devil Woman'?

Cliff Richard Song Database - Cliff Richard - Devil Woman song analysis Produced By: Bruce Welch Engineered By: Tony Clark & John Barrett Performed By: Cliff Richard (vocals), Terry Britten (guitar), Alan Tarney (bass), Clem Cattini (drums), Graham Todd (keyboards), Tony Rivers (backing vocals), John Perry (backing vocals), Ken Gold (backing vocals) Initially Released On: I'm Nearly Famous LP album (1976 May ï¿½ UK ï¿½ EMI EMC 3122) Comments and Observations Recording the Song: Devil Woman was recorded at Abbey Road in London on September 8 and 9, 1975, at sessions which also produced the popular Miss You Nights song. It was the first session produced by Bruce Welch exclusively and the first session recording with backing vocalists Tony Rivers, John Perry and Ken Gold, whom Cliff would use for many years to come. (Despite what is written in the album's liner notes and various books, Tony Harding did not perform on the song.) The song had been presented to Cliff months earlier by writer Terry Britten, but Cliff had rejected it. It was at producer Bruce Welch's persistence that Cliff finally recorded the song. The song was presented to Cliff again at the same time as Miss You Nights and I Can't As For Any More Than You. It was at this point that Cliff finally agreed to recorded it, although he remained reluctant. It is unclear why Cliff was resistant to recording the song af first, but it has been suggested that he primarily did not like the lyrics and their fortune-telling theme. Bruce Welch persisted and Cliff finally relented after changing some of the lyrics to more overtly suggest that the "devil woman" was dangerous and should be avoided. It is unknown what the original lyrics were that Cliff changed. The lyrics as performed on the Kristine I'm A Song album, are sung in third person ("He's had nothing but bad luck..."), use the lyrics "I can see me a gypsy woman" instead of "I can see me a tall dark stranger" and "and he knew what he came there for" instead of and "I wonder what I came there for" in the second verse, and excludes the "stay away" and "look out" lyrics from the second bridge. It is known that Cliff added the "Stay away! Look out!" parts, however if this and the aforementioned changes are all that Cliff changed, then he changed very little at all for his version. He also likely changed the line to "I wonder what I came there for" which clearly obscures the meaning of what he, the singer, was doing there. During the recording, Tony Clark apparently enthused that the song would be a hit in America. Perhaps the other didn't believe him, but Tony's words turned to be prophetic. Releases: The song was released as a 7" single in the UK by EMI on May 1976 with stock number "EMI 2448" and having the Cliff Richard-penned song Love On (Shine On), a song unique to this single, on the B-side. It was also the 8th track on the I'm Nearly Famous album and the second single taken from that album (with the first being Miss You Nights). It is Cliff's 66th single release (approximately, as the counting of Cliff's singles varies depending upon how they are counted). The single was reissued in 1981 with the same stock number, but this time with an original picture sleeve and a new record label. It was released in the USA as a 7" single on a Rocket Record Company single (PIG-40574) with the same Love On (Shine On) song on the B-side and on the I'm Nearly Famous LP, the first Cliff LP release in the US since the Two A Penny soundtrack in 1968. Devil Woman was released during a period when Cliff's popularity and chart success were waning. It was the first top ten hit since 1973 and the third top ten hit of the 1970s. It entered the UK Top 50 chart on May 8, 1976, peaked at #9 on June 5, 1976, and spent 8 weeks in the chart. Although it was not a monster hit in the UK, it had big international success. It is also significant that it was a breakout hit for Cliff in the USA, being his first USA charting song since 1968's Congratulations (which peaked at a meager #99). It entered the Billboard Hot 100 chart on


In 1969, which category was added to the Nobel Prizes?

Why was economics added in 1969 to fields to award the Nobel Prize in? - Quora Quora Written Oct 10, 2014 Nobel Prize in Economics is not a real Nobel. It wasn’t created by Alfred Nobel. It’s not even called a “Nobel Prize,” no matter what the press reports say. The five real Nobel Prizes—physics, chemistry, literature, peace, and medicine/physiology—were set up in the will left by the dynamite magnate when he died in 1895. The economics prize is a bit different. It was created by Sweden’s Central Bank in 1969, nearly 75 years later. The award’s real name is the “Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.” It was not established by Nobel, but supposedly in memory of Nobel. It’s a ruse and a PR trick, and I mean that literally. And it was done completely against the wishes of the Nobel family. Sweden’s Central Bank quietly snuck it in with all the other Nobel Prizes to give free-market economics for the 1% credibility. The Economics Prize has nestled itself in and is awarded as if it were a Nobel Prize. But it’s a PR coup by economists to improve their reputation. 486 Views · View Upvotes · Answer requested by


"Who, going through US customs said ""I have nothing to declare but my genius""?"

Oscar Wilde in America :: I Have Nothing To Declare Except My Genius DUBIOUS QUOTATION: I have nothing to declare except my genius. There is no primary source evidence that Wilde made this statement. commentary One of the most celebrated quotations by anyone is the remark attributed to Oscar Wilde at New York Customs at the start of his lecture tour of America in 1882. But what exactly did he say, and what is the source of the quotation? Until my research some years ago the earliest source typically cited (if a source was given at all) was Frank Harris' Oscar Wilde: His Life and Confessions (1916), Vol. 1, Chap. V. For example, this is the source given in The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations (1999) p. 819, and in Beckson . However, in 2002 (in a review for the OWSOA now superseded by this article) I identified what is still the earliest known allusion to the remark in print or otherwise. It appeared in a book published by Arthur Ransome a year earlier than Harris; the source is: The date of this book (1912) immediately provides us with a primary reason for doubt: The first reference to the quotation appeared thirty years after it was allegedly made. Not only is it suspicious that it took thirty years for the quotation to emerge, it is equally surprising that there is no contemporary evidence for it, as many of Wilde's remarks were seized upon by the press in 1882 and widely, often immediately, reported. There is also no mention of it in interviews given by Wilde, including approximately a hundred given to American journalists in 1882, many soon after his arrival where he was widely quoted. Neither does Wilde make any reference to the remark in any of the over 1500 letters of his that survive, including those at the time from New York that are often detailed. Indeed, there is no other written or oral record of the remark by anyone else during Wilde's time. When Wilde died in November, 1900, it did not take long for the first biography to be published. This was: Oscar Wilde; the story of an unhappy friendship, (1902) by his devoted friend Robert Sherard. The biography does not mention the incident, but does report the " disappointed in the Atlantic " comment that Wilde did make upon arrival. Another biography In Memoriam, Oscar Wilde (1905) by André Gide, Franz Blei, and Ernest La Jeunesse, refers to Wilde's genius several times (pp. 49, 87, 91, 101) and even quotes Wilde on French customs officers (p. 55); but still there is no mention of the New York incident. The only biographical references to the remark are post-Ransome. So it is to him we must return. Below is what Ransome wrote and, unfortunately, he gave no source:   Arthur Ransome (1884-1967) Arthur Michell Ransome was an English author and journalist, best known for the Swallows and Amazons series of children's books. Ransome wasn't alive at the time of the alleged remark and, indeed, never met Wilde. In 1912, he wrote his Critical Study of Wilde with the assistance and support of Robert Ross, Wilde's literary executor. Can we take Ransome at face value? On balance I believe we can take Ransome at face value. There is no reason to suspect that the unassuming son of a history professor would have fabricated the incident. After all, his book, A Critical Study, is just that: a literary study—it is not primarily autobiographical nor makes any attempt at levity or sensation. However, we should note that Ransome cites the remark as reported speech and not as a direct quotation. Should we make anything of this? Does it, perhaps, hint at a conversational origin for the quote? Or is Ransome implying a figurative 'announcement' that Wilde was making by his presence, rather than a spoken one? I think neither: Ransome places the remark amid three statements, two of which are factual, including a known quotation ( disappointed in the Atlantic ) and he is specific about the circumstances. It is safe to infer that Ransome intended the remark to be an actual quotation, so he appears to be as good as his source. So what was Ransome's source? It is reasonable to assume that Ransome


Which 'school' has witnessed: 'Blue Murder', 'Pure Hell' and a 'Train Robbery'?

The Great St. Trinian's Train Robbery Reviews & Ratings - IMDb IMDb 17 January 2017 8:34 AM, PST NEWS 15 out of 16 people found the following review useful: Fun as the comedy series gets back on track. from Stockton, England 19 October 2003 I really wasn't expecting to enjoy this movie. After all, the previous film in this series, 'The Pure Hell Of' was a bit of a disappointment and the question was, six years later, could this movie get the series back on track? The answer is yes, 'The Great St Trinian's Train Robbery', after a slightly slow start, is a very funny movie, the funniest in the series since 'Blue Murder'. Learning from the mistakes of 'Pure Hell', this movie returns to the school-based comedy that we all know and love. It has its faults, of course. For example some of the series' most familiar faces are absent (there is no Alistair Sim or Joyce Grenfell, for example), while a sadly ill-looking Eric Barker appears only for a few seconds. But all in all, the influx of new faces (including the likes of Frankie Howerd and Dora Bryan) works to the movie's advantage. Also the rail track capers that conclude the movie are very funny indeed. The less said about the awful theme song, the better I think, but any movie that contains the line 'Knock them about democratically' deserves to be remembered. Was the above review useful to you? 13 out of 15 people found the following review useful: For years I believed that St. Trinian's was a REAL school !! from United Kingdom 23 February 2006 As youngsters, there are certain things that we all believe in. Father Christmas. The Easter Bunny. The Tooth Fairy. Not me, though. I was different - I believed in St. Trinian's school. I was convinced in fact until I was at least twenty that this school was actually a real place. I'm not a stupid person by any means, so it must have been because I wanted such a place to exist that I spent most of my time in the library browsing phone directories in a fruitless effort to discover exactly where it was. I thought I had it narrowed down to the Home Counties somewhere in Hertfordshire or Bedfordshire, and was quite prepared to try and visit the place in person and leer at all those sixth-form schoolgirls in their gym-slips, stockings and suspenders. The best day of my life was probably when we had a fancy dress day at school and a couple of my female class-mates turned up in a replica uniform, and boy, did they look good! I'm not sure what the teachers thought, because they were only about thirteen I should think, and they definitely were wearing the stockings and suspenders! These days of course the politically correct brigade would do all they can to prevent young girls dressing like this (even though it was all in good fun and for charity) and these films are often treated in the same way by many reviewers - with scorn and ridicule. The "girls" in the film who are wearing the full "sixth form" stockings and suspenders style uniform are of course well over the age of sixteen and into adulthood, though that doesn't stop some people wondering that maybe films like this encourage paedophilia and turning young girls into sex objects. Maybe there are some dangerous people out there who get a hard-on over uniforms and schoolgirls by watching this film, but I would hope that most, like me, were schoolboys themselves when they first saw this film, and that kind of makes it alright. It's all a bit of harmless fun, and like the "Carry On" films and other more politically incorrect 'stockings and suspenders' stuff where women are shown as sex objects first and characters after (Vicki Michele from "Allo Allo" is a good example), it's true to say they don't make stuff like this any more. St. Trinian's itself, the brainchild of artist Ronald Searle (as I later discovered!), is seen here for the first time in colour. This, "The Great Train Robbery", is the fourth in the series. A little-known and less-often seen fifth film from 1980 is "The Wildcats of St. Trinian's". As is usual with long-running franchises such as this, the quality does tale of


Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull were born in what would become which US state?

Crazy Horse And Sitting Bull Were Born In Which Us State Crazy Horse And Sitting Bull Were Born In Which Us State Which state were Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull born : Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse were Sioux who fought at Little Bighorn.  In the 1860s Sitting Bull fought U.S. troops who wanted to move Lakota tribes west onto Sitting Bull : Native name, TÈatÈÃ¡Åka ÃyotÈake (born Hoka Psice)  During the Dakota War of 1862, in which Sitting Bull's people were not involved, several bands of eastern  Despite being embroiled in the Ame Sitting Bull Biography Facts Birthday Life Story : Sitting Bull was a Native American chief.  and perhaps famous of all Native American chiefs, Sitting Bull was born in 1831 in what  In June 1863 took up arms against the United States for the first time.  rules didn't apply, and where sco Sitting Bull Biography : Sitting Bull was born in March, 1831 near the site of presentday Bullhead, South Dakota.  In 1865, Sitting Bull's warriors routed United States troops at the Battle of Powder  all the Teton Sioux, with Crazy Horse, chief of the Oglala Sioux, Crazy Horse Biography Facts Birthday Life Story : Crazy Horse was a Lakota Indian who fought with Sitting Bull against  way of life, Crazy Horse was born with the Native American name Tashunka Witco around  The details of how he came to acquire the name Crazy Horse are up for debate.  th Sitting Bull surrenders  History This Day in History  7/20/1881 : Born in the Grand River Valley in what is now South Dakota, Sitting Bull  in the U.S. defeat at Little Bighorn, but his spiritual influence inspired Crazy Horse and  1881, with his people starving, he returned to the United States and surren Sitting Bull : Such were the fateful words of Hunkpapa Lakota Sitting Bull, born in 1831 near the . to the United States and surrender to the Army in exchange for a full pardon.  including some of the followers of Oglala Sioux Chief Crazy Horse, who had Biography for Kids Sitting Bull : Sitting Bull was born a member of the Lakota Sioux tribe in South Dakota.  As Sitting Bull grew older, white men from the United States began to enter his  He felt that reservations were like prisons and he would not be shut up in a cor Crazy Horse : He was born in approximately 1842 and died in 1877.  There are many photographs that are allegedly of Crazy Horse, but historians doubt  Crazy Horse first encountered U.S. Soldiers on the Oregon Trail July 25,1865 where he  In the followi Sitting Bull : The role of Sitting Bull in the history of the United States of America.  Sitting Bull was born on the Grand River in presentday South Dakota in 1831.  He gave the meat away to elders who were unable to hunt for themselves.  Inspired by Sitting Bull : After the pardon, Sitting Bull returned to the United States in 1881, and was held  . The general consensus of opinion now is that Sitting Bull was born at a  such as Red Cloud and Crazy Horse, and some minor chiefs were Sitting Bull : He was born in 1831 in the Grand River region of presentday South Dakota .  The Indians were preparing war and Sitting Bull sent Crazy Horse to lead an attack on  Wild West Show and travelled throughout the United States and Canada . Sitting Bulls Way of Life : Born in l83l, born free to roam over the prairies, to hunt, to survive by . The treaties with Indians were never taken seriously by the U. S. government. . Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse, and all the warriors had been through this many times.  . to American arms in the history of the United States, pointing out the differences in the Encyclopedia of the Great Plains : Sitting Bull (Tantanka Iyotanka) was born in the early 1830s along the Grand River at  Minneconjou, Sihasapa, and a loose alliance of Oglalas under Crazy Horse,  the army and the Sitting Bull people, as they came to be known, were frequent.  Sitting Bull and 200 followers crossed into the United States and handed Indian Heroes and Great Chieftains : A large calf turned viciously on Sitting Bull, whose pony had thro


Sikora Coat of Arms / Sikora Family Crest Coat of Arms & Family Crests Store Sikora Coat of Arms / Sikora Family Crest This surname of SIKORA is a Polish and Ashkenazic Jewish nickname for a small dark person. The name was derived from the Polish word SIKORA (titmouse, coalmouse). The name is also spelt SIKORSKI and SYKORA. Surnames having a derivation from nicknames form the broadest and most miscellaneous class of surnames, encompassing many different types of origin. The most typical classes refer adjectivally to the general physical aspect of the person concerned, or to his character. Many nicknames refer to a man's size or height, while others make reference to a favoured article of clothing or style of dress. Many surnames derived from the names of animals and birds. In the Middle Ages ideas were held about the characters of other living creatures, based on observation, and these associations were reflected and reinforced by large bodies of folk tales featuring animals behaving as humans. A notable member of the name was Igor Ivan SIKORSKY (1889-1972) the Russian-born American aeronautical engineer, born in Kiev. He began experimenting with building helicopters in 1909, but turned to aircraft, and built and flew the first four-engined aeroplane in 1913. He emigrated to Paris in 1918 and to the United States in 1919, and founded the SIKORSKY Aero Engineering Corporation in 1923 which later was merged into the United Aircraft Corporation. He built several flying-boats, including the 'American Clipper'; and in 1939 he finally built the first successful helicopter, the VS-300. Russian surnames are almost exclusively patronymic (occasionally metronymic) in form, usually ending in 'ov' or 'ev'. Habitation and topographic names are rare, and many common Russian surnames are polygenetic, and their literal meaning is clear, even though the reason for their adoption may not be. Heraldry appeared later in Russia than in most other Western European countries. It is generally agreed that it was copied from the west sometime in the late 17th century, and quickly achieved state significance. In 1722 Emperor Peter I (The Great) established an official Heraldry Office headed by a Master of Heraldry under the jurisdiction of the Senate, and granted 355 armorial bearings in the 18th century. Orders over $85 qualify for Free Shipping within the U.S. (Use coupon code: FREESHIP).


Eat - definition of eat by The Free Dictionary Eat - definition of eat by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/eat v. ate (āt), eat·en (ēt′n), eat·ing, eats v.tr. 1. a. To take into the body by the mouth for digestion or absorption. b. To take in and absorb as food: a plant that eats insects; a cell that eats bacteria. c. To include habitually or by preference in one's diet: a bird that eats insects, fruit, and seeds; stopped eating red meat on advice from her doctor. 2. To destroy, ravage, or use up by or as if by ingesting: "Covering news in the field eats money" (George F. Will). 3. To erode or corrode: waves that ate away the beach; an acid that eats the surface of a machine part. 4. To produce by eating: Moths ate holes in our sweaters. 5. Slang To absorb the cost or expense of: "You can eat your loss and switch the remaining money to other investment portfolios" (Marlys Harris). 6. Informal To bother or annoy: What's eating him? 7. Vulgar slang To perform cunnilingus or anilingus on. Often used with out. v.intr. a. To consume food. b. To have or take a meal. 2. To exercise a consuming or eroding effect: a drill that ate away at the rock; exorbitant expenses that were eating into profits. 3. To cause persistent annoyance or distress: "How long will it be before the frustration eats at you?" (Howard Kaplan). Phrasal Verb: 1. To receive or enjoy enthusiastically or avidly: She really eats up the publicity. 2. To believe without question: He'll eat up whatever the broker tells him. Idioms: To be forced to accept a humiliating defeat. eat (one's) heart out 1. To feel bitter anguish or grief. 2. To be consumed by jealousy. eat (one's) words To retract something that one has said. eat out of (someone's) hand To be manipulated or dominated by another. eat (someone) alive Slang To overwhelm or defeat thoroughly: an inexperienced manager who was eaten alive in a competitive corporate environment. [Middle English eten, from Old English etan; see ed- in the Appendix of Indo-European roots.] eat′er n. Synonyms: eat, consume, devour, ingest These verbs mean to take food into the body by the mouth: ate a hearty dinner; greedily consumed the sandwich; hyenas devouring their prey; whales ingesting krill. eat (iːt) vb, eats, eating, ate or eaten 1. (Physiology) to take into the mouth and swallow (food, etc), esp after biting and chewing 2. (tr; often foll by away or up) to destroy as if by eating: the damp had eaten away the woodwork. 3. (often foll by into) to use up or waste: taxes ate into his inheritance. 4. (often foll by: into or through) to make (a hole, passage, etc) by eating or gnawing: rats ate through the floor. 5. to take or have (a meal or meals): we always eat at six. 6. (tr) to include as part of one's diet: he doesn't eat fish. 7. (tr) informal to cause to worry; make anxious: what's eating you?. 8. (tr) slang to perform cunnilingus or fellatio upon 9. I'll eat my hat if informal I will be greatly surprised if (something happens that proves me wrong) 10. eat one's heart out to brood or pine with grief or longing 11. eat one's words to take back something said; recant; retract 12. eat out of someone's hand to be entirely obedient to someone 13. eat someone out of house and home to ruin someone, esp one's parent or one's host, by consuming all his food [Old English etan; related to Gothic itan, Old High German ezzan, Latin edere, Greek edein, Sanskrit admi] ˈeater n [from E(ast) A(frica) T(anganyika) or E(ast) A(frica) Z(anzibar)] eat v. ate (eɪt; esp. Brit. ɛt) eat•en (ˈit n) eat•ing, v.t. 1. to take into the mouth and swallow for nourishment; chew and swallow (food). 2. to consume gradually; wear away; corrode. 3. to use up, esp. wastefully (often fol. by away, into, or up): Unexpected expenses ate up their savings. 4. to make (a hole, passage, etc.), as by gnawing or corrosion. 5. to ravage or devastate. 6. to absorb or pay for: The builder had to eat the cost of the repairs. 7. to cause anxiety or irritation in; worry; bother: What's eating you now? v.i. 8. to consume food; have a meal. 9. to make


Which creature produces the epicurean delicacy known as 'green fat'?

Dr. Ellen Prager — Sex, Drugs and Sea Slime: The Oceans' Oddest Creatures and Why They Matter : NPR List Price: $26 Mega-Slime, Seduction, and Shape-Shifting Within the citizenry of the sea, there are some organisms whose dull or familiar countenance hides a secret and strange way of life. Such is the case for an eel-like fish with ancient origins, a well-known and highly delectable crustacean, and an organism with impressive powers of regeneration that masquerades as an undersea log. The talent among these three marine creatures — the hagfish, lobster, and sea cucumber — is impressive. The hagfish can produce an inordinate amount of slime and tie itself into a knot. The lobster is equipped with supersoaking blasters that it uses to wield a powerful potion; and when under attack, the sea cucumber has defenses that are the envy of science fiction writers. These three organisms are definitely among the oceans' most fascinating and surprising of residents. The Hagfish To know a hagfish, is to love a hagfish — or maybe not. A good friend of mine in Maine (you know who you are) has developed a new type of phobia; she is convinced that upon entering the Gulf of Maine for a leisurely swim, she will be the target of hagfish. I have tried to convince her that as long as she is not dead or nearly so, they should not be a problem, but she remains unconvinced — hagfish have become her worst nightmare and with good reason. Hagfishes are blind, jawless, scaleless, and finless fishes with a relatively flexible cartilaginous skeleton somewhat like that of sharks and rays. They resemble eels with a flattened oar-like tail, thick, slippery skin, and one singular nostril above their mouths, around which are several stubby, barbed tentacles. Interestingly, they also have four small hearts. An adult is typically about half a meter (18 inches) long, though they have been known to reach a scary size of 1.4 meters (4.6 feet). Hagfishes live throughout the world's oceans at the bottom, where it is relatively cool. A few species inhabit shallow waters, but most are found deeper, down to at least 5,000 meters (16,400 feet). It is estimated that there are hundreds of thousands of hagfish residing in the deep waters of the Gulf of Maine. Though jawless, the hagfish is not without teeth or a means to gain access to tender flesh. It has an extendable tongue equipped with two curved rows of sharp, horny teeth that open and close like a book. Just above that, the hagfish has a fang, which is used to snag prey and keep it from wriggling away. Its toothy tongue and hooked grasp are effective for feeding on soft-bodied creatures, such as worms and other small invertebrates, but not so handy when it comes to prey with tougher skin or scales. Hagfishes have, however, discovered another, easier way to gain access to their victims' tasty, tender insides. They go in through open orifices, such as the mouth, gills, or yes, I am sorry to say, the backdoor. Once inside their prey (already or mostly dead, I swear), hagfishes feast on soft flesh, muscles, organs, and guts. Fishermen know this sly tactic all too well because sometimes upon hauling in their catch all they get is a fish-skin bag full of bones and squirming hagfish. Along with their gruesome propensity to feed on the dead, hagfishes are well known for their slime, lots of slime. If a hagfish, alias slime monster or slime hag, is threatened or injured, it releases mucus from hundreds of glands along its body. In just minutes, one hagfish can fill seven buckets with slime. The glands of the hagfish actually release a thick white fluid containing vesicles of mucus and bundles of thread-like cells. Like balls of string uncoiling, the threads unwrap; they then tangle, combine with the mucus, absorb seawater, and expand into massive amounts of sticky, slimy hagfish goo. Hagfishes use their slime to deter predators and facilitate escape. However, if a hagfish gets caught in its own slime, it can suffocate and endure a most unpleasant fate — death by goo. It has thus evolved a few useful tricks to clear away it


Which London market was moved in November to a new site at Nine Elms?

End of an era | Covent Garden Market Moves Out | Covent Garden - 400 Years of History | Covent Garden Memories Covent Garden - 400 Years of History Covent Garden Market Moves Out End of an era Covent Garden, 1726 Peter Angelis The Market was just as much a mess in 1824 as it was over a hundred years later Copyright Westminster City Archives The hustle and bustle of Covent Garden Market in 1864 Copyright Westminster City Archives A view of Russell Street circa 1900 - it's easy to see how crowded it was even then! Copyright Westminster City Archives An empty Jubilee Hall, which had housed the Flower Market Copyright Westminster City Archives A proposal for the new site at Nine Elms, Battersea Copyright Westminster City Archives A view of the old Flower Market today Copyright Westminster City Archives Covent Garden Market has been central to London life since 1670, when King Charles II granted the Earl of Bedford a private charter to hold a market every day but Sunday and Christmas Day (this charter was passed down with the title). People from all over the city would gather in the Piazza, dominated by St. Paul’s Church, to buy and sell all sorts of commodities, both legal and illegal. In earlier centuries the area had been renowned for seedy activity – prostitution had come in with the market, and the theatre crowd made its home in the area – but by the 1900s the main products were fresh produce and flowers brought in from local farms as well as by boats along the coast. In the 20th century, products were shipped in from places like California, Marrakesh, and Holland and trucked in overnight from as far as the border with Scotland. Covent Garden was the premier price-setting market in Britain: at its height the market was the destination for almost a third of all the fruit and vegetables imported into the country. The annual turnover was about one million tons and the sale of all this produce is estimated to have been worth £65 million. A fifth of the produce consigned there was then shipped out to other markets around the country. An anonymous online commentator describes his experience of the market as a young man: “The Garden, like Spitalfields and the Borough, were places where people worked bloody hard and in all weathers…I remember as a young lad in 1970 unloading onions off our lorries on cold winter nights – all around the markets untying ropes and soaking ice wet canvas sheets. It was hard graft but the night porters would be singing some Matt Monro or Sinatra ballad; the wonderful smells of fruit barrows on cobbles, Hessian sacks on lorry radiators, the old tea stalls, bacon and [hot] dog rolls – Heaven.” The 1957 film Every Day Except Christmas documents what the market was like in a fantastically vivid and engaging way, allowing the viewer to get a sense of the hustle and bustle of Covent Garden. Over the centuries the market had flourished – so much so that by the late 1800s the space could no longer accommodate the explosion of commerce within. Even after the construction of the Covered Market in 1834 and the Jubilee Hall in 1904, the market remained unsuited to the sheer volume of traffic. Maps of the time show the bottlenecks caused by the lack of access to the Strand and Long Acre. The Bedford Estate did what it could to relieve some of the pressure, but because of Covent Garden’s central London location there was precious little room to expand. In the face of increasing public dissatisfaction (encouraged by the rise of socialist ideas) with the private aristocratic ownership of London’s, and indeed England’s, most important produce market, the 11th Earl of Bedford sold the entire Covent Garden Estate to the Beecham family in 1918. The new management of the market ran into the same problems that the Earls had faced. In 1920 there was an attempt to turn responsibility for the market over to the London County Council, but the sale was turned down for a recurring issue: lack of room for expansion. The next attempt to solve the problem of the choked and crowded market was to consider its removal to a different


Born 1780 in Norwich, Which Englishwoman famously campaigned for prison reform?

Untitled Page The first session of the Supreme Court takes place. Government The Copyright Act is passed with the help of Noah Webster. Government Congress gives George Washington (1732-1799) the power to choose the site for the new capitol. Government U.S. President George Washington (1732-1799) delivers the first State of the Union address. Government New State: Rhode Island becomes the 13th state to ratify the Constitution and join the United States. Government Presidents: John Tyler (1790-1862), 10th President of the U.S., is born in Greenway, Virginia. Medicine Samuel Hahnemann (1755-1843) rages against the prevalent practice of bloodletting as a universal cure and founds homeopathy. Inventions A foot-powered dental drill is invented by John Greenwood (1760-1819). Education Education of Women: Catherine Macaulay’s (1731-1791) "Letters on Education" influences Mary Wollstonecraft’s thinking in "A Vindication of the Rights of Women" (1792). Education Public Education: Pennsylvania state constitution calls for free public education but only for poor children. It is expected that rich people will pay for their children's schooling. Washington, Martha The Washingtons move to Philadelphia when the capital does. Madison, Dolley Dolley Payne (1764-1849) marries John Todd, Jr., a Quaker lawyer, on January 7. Tyler, Letitia Letitia Christian (1790-1842), first wife of President John Tyler (1790–1862), is born on her family''''s plantation, Cedar Grove, in Virginia on November 12. Economics The first American steam-powered cotton-processing machines are built, marking the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the U.S. Economics Population: The first national census shows the American population at 4 million—about 25% in New England, 25% in the Middle States, and 50% in the South. Religion The first Roman Catholic bishop consecrated in America is John Carroll (1735-1815) of Baltimore. Religion Women’s Firsts: Mother Bernardina Matthews (1732-1800) establishes a Carmelite convent near Port Tobacco, Maryland, and the first community of Roman Catholic nuns in the Thirteen Colonies. Religion The first Roman Catholic Bible is published in the U.S. by Mathew Carey. Social Issues Immigration: The federal government requires two years of residency for naturalization. Social Issues Slavery: The First United States Census reveals that nearly 700,000 slaves live and toil in a nation of 3.9 million people. Social Issues Slavery: Congress denies naturalization to anyone who is not a free white. Social Issues Slavery: Congress advocates the expansion of slavery into the Southwest. Reform Women''s Rights Movement: French philosopher Condorcet (1743-1794) writes "On the Admission of Women to Citizens’ Rights." 1791 New State: Vermont becomes the 14th state in the U.S., ending 14 years as a republic. Government National Capital: The design of Washington, DC is developed by Pierre-Charles L’Enfant (1754-1825); President Washington (1732-1799) chooses a site along the Potomic River for the federal district; Congress names it the Territory of Columbia and the capital the City of Washington. Government Presidents: James Buchanan (1791-1868), 15th President of the U.S., is born April 23 in Cove Gap (near Mercersburg), Pennsylvania. Science M.H. Klaproth (1743-1817) names the element titanium. Education Higher Education: The Philadelphia Academy becomes the University of Pennsylvania. Arts and Letters Opera: The first performance of Mozart’s (1756-1791) "Magic Flute" takes place in Vienna. Arts and Letters The first opera house in the U.S. opens in New Orleans. Ideas Thomas Paine (1737-1806) writes "The Rights of Man, Part I" in defense of the French Revolution. Madison, Dolley Dolley Payne Todd’s father, John Payne, dies; her mother opens a boarding house in Philadelphia. Jackson, Rachel Rachel Donelson Robards (1767-1828) marries Andrew Jackson )1767-1845) in New Orleans. Economics The first successful sugar refinery is opened in New Orleans. Economics American Money: After adoption of the Constitution in 1789, Congress charters the First Bank


Which young woman fatally stabbed Jean Paul Marat while he was in his bath?

Jean-Paul Marat Jean-Paul Marat Location of death: Paris, France Cause of death: Assassination Remains: Buried, Saint Etienne-du-Mont, Paris, France Gender: Male Nationality: France Executive summary: French revolutionary French revolutionary leader, eldest child of Jean-Paul Marat, a native of Cagliari in Sardinia, and Louise Cabrol of Geneva, was born at Boudry, in the principality of Neuch�tel, on the 24th of May 1743. His father was a designer, who had abandoned his country and his religion, and married a Swiss Protestant. On his mother's death in 1759 Marat set out on his travels, and spent two years at Bordeaux in the study of medicine, after which be moved to Paris, where he made use of his knowledge of his two favorite sciences, optics and electricity, to subdue an obstinate disease of the eyes. After some years in Paris he went to Holland, and then on to London, where he practiced his profession. In 1773 he made his first appearance as an author with a Philosophical Essay on Man. The book shows a wonderful knowledge of English, French, German, Italian and Spanish philosophers, and directly attacks Helvetius , who had in his De l'Esprit declared a knowledge of science unnecessary for a philosopher. Marat declares that physiology alone can solve the problems of the connection between soul and body, and proposes the existence of a nervous fluid as the true solution. In 1774 he published The Chains of Slavery, which was intended to influence constituencies to return popular members, and reject the king's friends. Its author declared later that it procured him an honorary membership of the patriotic societies of Carlisle, Berwick and Newcastle. He remained devoted to his profession, and in 1775 published in London a little Essay on Gleets, and in Amsterdam a French translation of the first two volumes of his Essay on Man. In this year he visited Edinburgh, and on the recommendation of certain Edinburgh physicians was made an M.D. of St. Andrews. On his return to London he published an Enquiry into the Nature, Cause, and Cure of a Singular Disease of the Eyes, with a dedication to the Royal Society. In the same year there appeared the third volume of the French edition of the Essay on Man, which reached Ferney, and exasperated Voltaire , by its onslaught on Helvetius, into a sharp attack which only made the young author more conspicuous. His fame as a clever doctor was now great, and on the 24th of June 1777, the comte d'Artois, afterwards Charles X of France, made him by brevet physician to his guards with 2000 livres a year and allowances. Marat was soon in great request as a court doctor among the aristocracy; and even Brissot, in his M�moires, admits his influence in the scientific world of Paris. The next years were much occupied with scientific work, especially the study of heat, light and electricity, on which he presented memoirs to the Acad�mie des Sciences, but the academicians were horrified at his temerity in differing from Newton , and, though acknowledging his industry, would not receive him among them. His experiments greatly interested Benjamin Franklin , who used to visit him and Goethe always regarded his rejection by the academy as a glaring instance of scientific despotism. In 1780 he had published at Neuch�tel a Plan de l�gislation criminelle, founded on the principles of Beccaria. In April 1786 he resigned his court appointment. The results of his leisure were in 1787 a new translation of Newton's Optics, and in 1788 his M�moires acad�miques, ou nouvelles d�couvertes sur la lumi�re. His scientific life was now over, his political life was to begin in the notoriety of that political life his great scientific and philosophical knowledge was to be forgotten, the high position he had given up denied, and he himself scoffed at as an ignorant charlatan, who had sold quack medicines about the streets of Paris, and been glad to earn a few sous in the stables of the comte d'Artois. In 1788 the notables had met, and advised the assembling of the states-general. The elections were the cause of a flood of pa