Who was the Archbishop of Canterbury when women were first ordained as priests into the Church of England?

BBC ON THIS DAY | 11 | 1992: Church of England votes for women priests 1992: Church of England votes for women priests Women fighting for the right to be Anglican priests are celebrating a narrow victory. After a five-and-a-half hour debate the General Synod - the Church of England's parliament - passed the controversial legislation by a margin of only two votes. There were jubilant scenes among supporters outside Church House in Westminster, London, when the decision was announced. The Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr George Carey, who had backed the proposal said he recognised the result would not please everyone. "What binds us together in God's love as a Church is vastly more important than a disagreement about women's ordination,'' Dr Carey said. But the Reverend Peter Geldard, who opposed women priests, warned the decision would "pit diocese against diocese, parish against parish and parishioner against parishioner". High-profile opponent The Church of England currently allows women to serve as deacons which means they can perform baptisms, marriages, and burials. However, they are not allowed to give communion or administer any of the other sacraments. The issue of whether to ordain women as priests has divided the Church since it was first debated 17 years ago. Traditionalist priests and bishops have threatened to resign over the issue. More than 1,000 priests are expected to leave in the next few years and an opposition group, Cost of Conscience, is planning to form breakaway groups. One high-profile opponent of women priests is government minister Ann Widdecombe who recently left the Church of England. Ms Widdecombe, who accused the Church of ''promoting political correctness above the very clear teachings of Scripture'', said she was considering becoming a Roman Catholic. About 1,400 women deacons are waiting to be ordained priests. It is not expected any ordination of women will take place for at least a year as the change first needs to be approved by parliament.


In which country is the city and naval base of Cadiz?

Naval Station Rota Naval Station Rota Welcome to Naval Station Rota Welcome to Naval Station Rota, Spain - the Gateway to the Mediterranean Installation Information NAVSTA Rota plays a crucial role in supporting our nation’s objectives and defense, providing unmatched logistical support and strategic presence to all of our military services and allies. NAVSTA Rota supports Naval Forces Europe-Africa, 6th Fleet and COCOM strategic priorities by providing airfield and port facilities, security, force protection, logistical support, administrative support and emergency services to all U.S. and NATO forces. Situated on a 6,100-acre Spanish Navy base, NAVSTA Rota provides cargo, fuel and logistics support to units transiting the region, supporting U.S. and NATO ships with three active piers; U.S. Navy and U.S. Air Force aircraft with a 670-acre airfield; and the largest weapons and fuels facilities in Europe, all located within a single, secure fence-line. Under the guidance of the Agreement on Defense Cooperation (ADC), the U.S. and Spanish navies work together and share many facilities. The Kingdom of Spain is a very important ally to the United States for projecting military power into the Mediterranean, North Africa, and Middle East. We have significant shared security interests, and Spain has traditionally supported U.S. forces deployments and operations with U.S. forces departing Spain directly into international air and sea space. The vision of NAVSTA Rota is to continue to excel as an enduring, strategically-located naval installation, providing operational and logistical support to all tenant commands and transiting warfighters.


What is the name given to horse racing over hedges, ditches and other obstacles set on a regular course?

Horse Racing   Horse Racing Horse racing is an equestrian sport which has been practiced over the centuries; the chariot races of Roman times are an early example, as is the contest of the steeds of the god Odin and the giant Hrungnir in Norse mythology. It is often inextricably associated with gambling. The common nickname for horse racing is The Sport of Kings. Forms of horse racing One of the principal forms of horse racing, which is popular in many parts of the world, is Thoroughbred racing. Harness racing is also popular in the eastern United States and more popular than thoroughbred racing in Canada and parts of Europe. Quarter horse and Arabian racing are also popular in the western United States and Florida. The breeding, training and racing of horses in many countries is now a significant economic activity as, to a greater extent, is the gambling industry which is largely supported by it. Exceptional horses can win millions of dollars and make millions more by providing stud services, such as horse breeding. Horse racing in North America The style of racing, the distances and the type of events varies very much by the country in which the race is occurring, and many countries offer different types of horse races. In the United States, races can occur on flat surfaces of either dirt or grass, generally Thoroughbred racing; other tracks offer Quarter Horse racing and harness racing, or combinations of these three types of racing. Racing with other breeds, such as Arabian horse racing, is found on a limited basis. American Thoroughbred races are run at a wide variety of distances, most commonly from 5 furlongs to 1Â½ miles (2414 m); with this in mind, breeders of Thoroughbred race horses are able to breed horses excel at a particular distance (see Dosage Index). The high point of US horse racing has traditionally been the Kentucky Derby which, together with the Preakness Stakes and the Belmont Stakes, form the Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing for three-year-olds. However, in recent years the Breeders' Cup races, held at the end of the year, have been challenging the Triple Crown events, held early in the year, as determiners of the three-year-old Champion. The Breeders' Cup is held at a different track every year; the most recent edition (2006) was held at Churchill Downs. It also has an important effect on the selection of other annual Champions. The corresponding Standardbred event is the Breeders' Crown. There are also a Triple Crown of Harness Racing for Pacers and a Triple Crown of Harness Racing for Trotters. American betting on horse racing is sanctioned and regulated by state governments, almost always through legalized parimutuel gambling. Thoroughbred horse racing in the United States has its own Hall of Fame in Saratoga Springs, New York. The Hall of Fame honors remarkable horses, jockeys, owners and trainers. The most famous horse from Canada is generally considered to be Northern Dancer, who after winning the Kentucky Derby and Preakness went on to become the most successful Thoroughbred sire of the 20th Century. The only challenger to his title of greatest Canadian horse would be his son Nijinsky II, who is the last horse to win the English Triple Crown, and was a better racehorse. Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, home of the Queen's Plate, Canada's premier Thoroughbred stakes race, and the North America Cup, Canada's premier Standardbred stakes race, is the only race track in North America which stages Thoroughbred and Standardbred (harness) meetings on the same day. The Pattison Canadian International has the largest purse of any Canadian horse race. Quarter Horse racing is popular in the western United States. Quarter Horses are faster than Thoroughbreds, but run shorter distances. While the average Thoroughbred race is roughly a mile, the average Quarter Horse race is about a quarter of a mile (hence the name of the breed). The classic distance of a Quarter Horse race is 440 yards, but races are run from anywhere between 220 and 870 yards. American Quarter Horses are shorter and more muscular tha


"Which 17th century composer wrote the opera ""L'Orfeo""?"

L' Orfeo | Claudio Monteverdi | Opera-Arias.com Claudio Monteverdi 24 February 1607, Mantua (Palazzo Ducale) Language: English Deutsch About the opera L' Orfeo L'Orfeo (SV 318), sometimes called L'Orfeo, favola in musica, is an early Baroque opera by Claudio Monteverdi, with a libretto by Alessandro Striggio. It is based on the Greek legend of Orpheus, and tells the story of his descent to Hades and his fruitless attempt to bring his dead bride Eurydice back to the living world. Written in 1607 for a court performance during the annual Carnival at Mantua, L'Orfeo is one of the earliest music dramas still regularly performed. Within the musical theatre at the beginning of the 17th century the traditional intermedioâa musical sequence between the acts of a straight playâwas evolving into the form of a complete musical drama or "opera". Monteverdi's L'Orfeo moved this process out of its experimental era, and provided the first fully developed example within the new genre. After its initial performance the work was staged again in Mantua, and possibly in other Italian centres in the next few years. Its score was published by Monteverdi in 1609 and again in 1615. After the composer's death in 1643 the opera remained unperformed, and was largely forgotten until a revival of interest in the late 19th century led to a spate of modern editions and performances. At first these tended to be unstaged versions within institutes and music societies, but following the first modern dramatised performance in Paris, in 1911, the work was seen increasingly in theatres. After the Second World War most new editions sought authenticity through the use of period instruments. Many recordings were issued, and the opera was increasingly staged in opera houses. In 2007 the quatercentenary of the premiere was celebrated by performances throughout the world.


"John Williams said to Steven Spielberg, ""You need a better composer than I am for this film"" and got the reply ""I know. But they're all dead!"" What was the film?"

Williams Surprises Spielberg | BU Today | Boston University Arts & Entertainment + In the World Williams Surprises Spielberg Maestro and collaborator pays homage to filmmaker and friend at BU’s Pops concert 05.18.2009 Text by Caleb Daniloff, video by Robin Berghaus share it! 1 Get the Flash Player to see this media. To see and hear Boston University’s Night at the Pops celebration, complete with the John Williams surprise, watch the video above. Thumbnail photo by Kalman Zabarsky. When renowned composer John Williams first watched a rough cut of Schindler’s List at director Steven Spielberg’s home in Los Angeles, he got so choked up he couldn’t speak. “I had to walk around the room for four or five minutes to catch my breath,” Williams recalls. “I said to Steven, ‘I really think you need a better composer than I am for this film.’ And he very sweetly said, ‘I know, but they’re all dead.’” Williams (Hon.’85) told this anecdote at an unannounced appearance at BU’s Night at the Pops Saturday at Symphony Hall, a surprise for Spielberg, who was in the audience, and a delight for the entire hall. The 62-year-old director was in town to receive an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters at the University’s 136th Commencement on Sunday. “I was surprised,” Spielberg said after the show. “Johnny and I have spent so much time together, but it’s always planned. To see something that Johnny’s done that’s unplanned, that always surprises me.” Williams, who led the Boston Pops Orchestra from 1980 to 1993, has scored music for 25 of Spielberg’s 27 films, including Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial, and the Indiana Jones series. Williams has worked with other legendary directors as well, among them Alfred Hitchcock, George Lucas, and Robert Altman. The 77-year-old composer has been nominated for 45 Academy Awards, the most of any living artist, and has brought home 5 golden statuettes. Spielberg, a three-time Oscar winner, said that reuniting with his longtime collaborator in the building where Schindler’s List and Saving Private Ryan were scored was like a homecoming. “Those two films are very important in my life and in John’s life. It makes my heart grow fonder of Boston.” The crowd was first treated to the stirring violin of Zoya Tsvetkova (CFA’08), winner of the 2009 Boston University Soloists Competition. Next up was a baseball tribute, highlighted by a rousing performance of “The Boston Baseball Cantata” by baritone James Demler, a College of Fine Arts school of music assistant professor of voice. Pops conductor Keith Lockhart (Hon.’04), who succeeded Williams 15 years ago, donned a Red Sox jersey and tossed mini baseballs into the crowd. Williams conducted “Flight to Neverland” from Hook, the theme from Schindler’s List, “Raider’s March” from Raiders of the Lost Ark, and the theme from E.T., all of which were met with wild applause and standing ovations, including hearty whoops from the director himself. Williams brought the house down — along with hundreds of red and white balloons from the ceiling — with the Pops signature sign-off, “Stars and Stripes Forever.” After the show, Spielberg and Williams reunited in Lockhart’s dressing room, where Spielberg summed up their 35-year collaboration. “I give him images and John finds the emotions for each one,” he said. “Whenever I write a picture and John writes the score for how he sees my picture, it turns out we always see the same movie. We have the same emotional image.” The process typically begins with Spielberg screening a rough cut for Williams. “John sees the movie all alone in a room,” Spielberg explained. “The lights go down just like in a movie, and he sees the whole picture and has a whole series of musical impressions. Sometimes when I hear his music, I’ll run to the editing room and make adjustments to better fit the music.” Williams credits their success to the director’s character, which is “very loyal, very generous, very even and appreciative. “I would add that he just loves music. He comes to the recording sessions and he listens avidly


In athletics, what name is used for the preliminary races that precede quarter-finals or semi-finals?

Rio 2016: When are the Irish in action? Rio 2016: When are the Irish in action? A comprehensive guide to when Irish athletes are competing during the Olympics Wed, Aug 3, 2016, 18:29 Irish athletes are competing across 17 different sports and disciplines at the Rio Olympics. Photograph: Getty     THURSDAY, AUGUST 11th 11:30 Golf First round of men’s competition with Padraig Harrington and Seamus Power 13:00 Rowing Lightweight double sculls women’s semi-final - Sinead Jennings/Claire Lambe and Lightweight double sculls men’s semi-final - Paul/Gary O’Donovan 13:05 Badminton, women’s singles Group P, Chloe Magee v Yihan Wang (China) 13:30 Rowing women’s single sculls semi-finals which could include Sanita Puspure 14:00 Equestrian individual dressage which will include Judy Reynolds 15:00 Hockey Ireland v Canada 16:30 Boxing 69kg last-16 which could include Steven Donnelly 17:30-17:45, 23:30-23:45 Boxing 81kg last-16 which could include Joe Ward FRIDAY, AUGUST 12th 11:30 Golf second round of men’s competition with Padraig Harrington and Seamus Power 12:30 Rowing Lightweight double sculls women’s final - Sinead Jennings/Claire Lambe and Lightweight double sculls men’s final - Paul/Gary O’Donovan 14:00 Equestrian individual dressage which will include Judy Reynolds 12:10 Athletics 800 metres heats which will include Mark English 13:20 Badminton, men’s singles Group K, Scott Evans v Marc Zwiebler (Germany) 15:10 Athletics 10,000 metres final which will include Fionnualla McCormack 16:30 Athletics 20k walk which will include Alex Wright and Rob Heffernan 17:00 Sailing Ryan Seaton/Matt McGovern (49er) and Andrea Brewster/Saskia Tidey (49er FX) start campaigns 17:15 Sailing Men’s Laser race 7&8 including Finn Lynch and women’s laser radial race 7&8 including Analise Murphy 23:00 Hockey Ireland v Argentina 00:30 Athletics: Women’s 1500m heats which will include Ciara Mageen 01:05 Badminton, women’s singles Group P, Chloe Magee v Karin Schnaase (Germany) SATURDAY, AUGUST 13th 11:30 Golf third round of men’s competition with Padraig Harrington and Seamus Power 14:00 Athletics: 3,000m steeplechase heats which will include Kerry O’Flaherty, Sara Treacy and Michelle Finn 14:00 Cycling Women’s Kierin, will include Shannon McCurley 15:15 Boxing 52kg preliminaries, Brendan Irvine v Shakhobiddin Zoirov (Uzbekistan) 17:05 Sailing men’s 49er race 4-6 Ryan Seaton/Matt McGovern 17:05 Sailing women’s 49er FX race 4-6 Andrea Brewster/Saskia Tidey ADVERTISEMENT 23:55 Badminton, men’s singles Group K, Scott Evans v Ygor Oliviera (Brazil) 02:05 Athletics 800 metres semi-finals which could include Mark English SUNDAY, AUGUST 14th 11:00 Final round of men’s competition with Padraig Harrington and Seamus Power 12:00 Badminton Men’s individual starts, will include Scott Evans, Women’s individual starts, will include Chloe Magee 13:40 Rowing Women’s single sculls final whicyh could include Sanita Puspure 14:00 Hockey men’s quarter-finals which could include Ireland 14:00 Equestrian jumping individual qualifier which will include Greg Broderick 14:00 Gymnastics men’s apparatus finals could include Kieran Behan 14:00 Gymnastics women’s apparatus finals could include Ellis O’Reilly 15:00 Boxing 49kg final which could include Paddy Barnes. 15:10 Athletics women’s marathon which will include Fionnualla McCormack, Lizzie Lee and Breege Connolly 15:30 Boxing 56kg last-16, Michael Conlan 16:15 Boxing 69kg quarter-finals which could include Steven Donnelly 16:30 or 22:30 Boxing 60kg semi-finals which could inclide David Oliver Joyce 17:05 Sailing Men’s Laser race 9&10 including Finn Lynch and women’s laser radial race 9&10 including Analise Murphy 17:45-18:30 or 23:45-00:00 Boxing 81kg quarter-finals which could include Joe Ward 01:30 Athletics: Women’s 1500m semi-finals which could include Ciara Mageen MONDAY, AUGUST 15th 14:00 Gymnastics men’s apparatus finals could include Kieran Behan 14:00 Gymnastics women’s apparatus finals could include Ellis O’Reilly 14:00 Equestrian individual dressage which will include Judy Reynolds 15:00 Boxing women’s 60kg quarter-fi


Which of the five Great Lakes of North America is the only one that does not border the US state of Michigan?

World Map with Continents and Oceans Identified Black and White World Maps The Great Lakes This chain of 5 large freshwater lakes form the largest lake group in the world, covering an area of 95,000 sq miles. Once vital to fur trading and regional development in the early history of Canada and the United States, the Great Lakes (in modern times) remain today a significant transportation route for iron ore, steel, petroleum, grain, American automobiles, and more The Great Lakes have a total shoreline near 10,000 miles, over 350 species of fish, and provide drinking water for over 40 million people. Lake Superior 82,000 sq km, 31,698 sq miles in size, is the largest fresh water lake in the world. It is about 350 miles (565 km) long and 160 miles (257 km) at its widest point. The deepest point is 1,332 ft, while the average depth is 500 ft. Shoreline: 2,730 miles (includes islands) Lake Huron 59,600 sq km, 23,011 sq miles in size, is 206 miles (332 km) long and 183 miles (295 km) at its widest point. The deepest point is 750 ft, while the average depth is 195 ft. Shoreline: 3,830 miles (includes islands) Lake Michigan 57,800 sq km, 22,316 sq miles in size, is the largest freshwater lake (totally within) the United States. It is 307 miles (494 km) long and 118 miles (190 km) at its widest point. The deepest point is 925 ft, while the average depth is 279 ft. Shoreline: 1,640 miles (includes islands) Lake Erie 25,700 sq km, 9,922 sq miles in size, is 240 miles (386 km) long, and 38-57 miles (61-92 km) wide. The deepest point is 210 ft, while the average depth is 62 ft. Shoreline: 871 miles (includes islands) Lake Ontario 18,960 sq km, 7,320 sq miles in size, is about 193 miles (311 km) long and 53 miles (85 km) at its widest point. Because of a low elevation above sea level and depths (500 to 800 ft in some places), it doesn't't freeze in winter, unlike the other lakes in the chain. The deepest point is 802 ft, while the average depth is 283 ft. Shoreline: 871 miles (includes islands) St. Lawrence River/Seaway This body of water permits the passage of deep-water ships between the Atlantic Ocean and the Great Lakes. It includes a series of man-made canals, locks and dams, and is considered one of the most vital shipping routes on the planet. Recommended Links


Which of earth's oceans holds the most water?

Earth's Ocean - Windows to the Universe Our Changing Planet - Twelve Indicators of Climate Change Earth's Ocean Earth's ocean covers more than 70% of our planet's surface. There are five major ocean basins. The Pacific  Ocean is the largest. It’s so large that it covers a third of the Earth's surface. The Atlantic Ocean is east of the Americas and west of Europe and Africa. The Indian Ocean is south of Asia and the Middle East and east of Africa.  The Arctic Ocean is in the north polar region . The Southern Ocean surrounds Antarctica in the south polar region. Seawater is salty. Anyone who has taken a gulp of water while swimming in the ocean knows that. The saltiness of the water is called salinity . The chemistry of the seawater includes more than salt. It depends on what become dissolved in it over time. Ocean water is always moving . It moves around surface ocean currents in the upper 400 meters of the ocean. Water moves around the ocean by upwelling , a process that brings water from the deep ocean to shallow areas, as well as downwelling, a process that sends water from the surface to the deep ocean. Currents along coastlines move water as well as sand. Moving water transports heat from the Sun around the planet, which has an effect on climate. Complex climate models called coupled ocean-atmosphere models take into account both the atmosphere and the ocean to describe the Earth. Each day ocean water moves with the tides , shifting where the water meets the shore in an endless cycle. Tidal cycles are perhaps most easy to see at estuaries . The ocean's tides are one type of tide created by gravitational force. Over a long time water circulates from the deep ocean to shallow ocean and back again to the deep. This circulation of seawater is called the global ocean conveyor or thermohaline circulation .  As Earth’s climate warms the global ocean conveyor might change its pattern. The height of the ocean surface is called sea level . Over a long time, sea level can change for a number of reasons. Today sea level is rising rapidly as Earth’s climate warms. Coral reefs are affected as the ocean changes because of global warming and other changes such as pollution. As the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide becomes dissolved in seawater the ocean becomes more acidic , which is harmful to corals and other marine life . Last modified February 15, 2011 by Jennifer Bergman . Shop Windows to the Universe Science Store! The Spring 2010 issue of The Earth Scientist , focuses on the ocean, including articles on polar research, coral reefs, ocean acidification, and climate. Includes a gorgeous full color poster! Windows to the Universe Community News


"Formula One boss Bernie Ecclestone caused controversy in July 2009 by praising whom because he ""got things done""?"

Bernie Ecclestone faces German F1 boycott despite apology for saying Hitler 'got things done' | Daily Mail Online comments Controversy: Bernie Ecclestone yesterday fuelled further outrage at his praise for Adolf Hitler by appearing to blame Jews for the banking crisis Bernie Ecclestone was forced to apologise after being accused of spouting 'demented drivel ' when speaking in praise of Adolf Hitler and accusing Jews of failing to solve the world's financial crisis. The 78-year-old billionaire caused outrage when he spoke of the Nazi dictator's ability to 'get things done '. In the same interview, the Formula One mogul claimed Hitler was 'persuaded to do things that I have no idea whether he wanted to or not.' His comments provoked a massive row. But when he was subsequently  informed that the World Jewish Congress had called for his resignation,  Ecclestone reacted again. 'It's a pity they didn't sort the banks out,' he said. ' When asked to elaborate he countered: ' They have a lot of influence everywhere.' His additional comments prompted a further furore - and quickly sparked suggestions of a boycott of Formula One by German owned  motor racing teams who include BMW and Mercedes. A spokesman for Germany's Central Council of Jews said: 'No team should work with him any more - a boycott would be more than appropriate.' He also added that  Ecclestone was either 'empty headed or unbelievably malicious' for speaking about Hitler days before the German Grand Prix takes place this weekend. Ecclestone's original comments, made in an interview with The Times, provoked equal outrage as Liberal Democrat Sport spokesman Don Foster described them as 'the ravings of a demented lunatic.' Lewis Hamilton celebrates winning the German Grand Prix at the Hockenheimring last year Tory John Whittingdale , chairman of the Culture, Media and Sport Select Committee, said he was 'appalled' anybody could hold such 'extraordinary views.' Three days after the publication of the interview, Ecclestone yesterday wrote an article of apology. He also told the Jewish Chronicle : ' I'm just sorry that I was an idiot. I sincerely, genuinely apologise. ' What I regret is people who have taken this the wrong way and have been offended. I'm really, really sad about that because I have done an awful lot for Jewish communities throughout - charities and whatever.' He insisted 'things were taken a little bit wrong' and his praise of the German tyrant was 'not what he meant' before adding: 'Those who don't know me think I support Hitler's atrocities; those who do know me have told me how unwise I was to articulate my points so badly that it should have been so widely misunderstood. 'During the 1930s Germany was facing an economic crisis but Hitler was able to rebuild the economy, building the autobahns and German industry. 'That was all I meant when I referred to him getting things done. 'I'm an admirer of good leadership, of politicians who stand by their convictions and tell the voters the truth. RELATED ARTICLES Share 'I'm not an admirer of dictators, who rule by terror.' In another interview, he added: 'Hitler brought a country that was bankrupt into a country that was very strong and that was really demonstrating what someone could do if they had the power and didn't have to keep back and referring every five minutes. 'The trouble with politicians and democracy is they all the time have to compromise, they can't do what they want to do because there is somebody in opposition.  I regret it didn't come out like that.' In The Times interview, Ecclestone also referred to close friend Max Mosley who is President of the motor racing body, the FIA. He then suggested the son of British fascist Sir Oswald Mosley would do a 'super job' as Prime Minister. Mosley fought a privacy battle with a Sunday newspaper after he was exposed enjoying what was described as a Nazi-themed sadomasochistic orgy. However, a  judge later ruled there was no evidence of the 'Nazi theme' and Ecclestone said of Mosley: 'He's a good leader with people. I don't think his background would be


"The MacRobertson International Shield, competed for by Australia, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States and known affectionately as ""the MacRob"", is the premier event in the world for which sport?"

MacRobertson International Croquet Shield : Wikis (The Full Wiki) 4 External links History In the early 1920s, Australian confectionery maker and philanthropist, Sir Macpherson Robertson played croquet as his pastime. He enlisted returned World War I veterans to take up concessions for his products and encouraged them to try croquet also, believing it to be a teaching aid for developing skills in self discipline and risk management. Eventually, a pool of players were participating in regular tournaments. In 1925, with a growing interest in the sport, he established the MacRobertson Shield, an international tournament of croquet "Tests" between Australia and England. The Victorian Croquet Association sent a team of four players to England to contest the inaugural tournament. England won easily and Robertson presented the Shield personally. In 1927-8 an England team played in Australia and was narrowly defeated. In 1930, New Zealand was invited to participate in a series between themselves and Australia, with Australia winning comfortably. The first triangular series was held in 1935 in Melbourne as part of the Melbourne centenary celebrations. More than a thousand spectators saw Australia retain the Shield. 1937 saw the Australian team go to England where the home team won convincingly. In 1993, a United States team was admitted into the tournament. The 2006 tournament was held in Australia at the Rich River Golf Club Resort near Echuca, Victoria - Moama, New South Wales on the Murray River from 18 November to 3 December 2006. The 2010 Series In 2010, Great Britain will host the series where it will be played at 5 different venues. Fri 6 – Tue 10 August: Great Britain v USA at Bowdon, Cheshire and Australia v New Zealand at Heaton Park, Manchester Thu 12 – Mon 16 August: Great Britain v New Zealand at Nottingham and Australia v USA at Roehampton Wed 18 – Sun 22 August: Great Britain v Australia and New Zealand v USA both at Surbiton Each team will be represented by 6 players and each test will be the best of 21 matches comprising 12 singles and 9 doubles. Also in 2010, for the first time, the 4 MacRobertson Shield countries will be joined by 13 other countries in an inaugural WCF World Association Croquet Team Championship. The MacRobertson Shield will be Tier 1 and the other 13 entries will be split into two further Tiers based on playing strength. Mon 16 - Sat 21 August: Tier 2 Division 1: The next four countries will play at the Hurlingham Club, London. Mon 16 -Sat 21 August: Tier 2 Division 2: The next four countries will play at the Compton Croquet Club, Eastbourne, East Sussex. Wed 18 - Sat 21 August: Tier 3: The remaining five countries will play at the Sussex County Croquet Club. Past Results


After being called various names including the Congo Free State, Belgian Congo and Congo-Lopoldville, what was the (now) Democratic Republic of the Congo known as?

Congo, Democratic Republic of the: History Congo, Democratic Republic of the History Early History The indigenous inhabitants of the region of the Congo were probably Pygmies, who lived in small numbers in the equatorial forests of the north and northeast. By the end of the 1st millennium B.C., small numbers of Bantu-speaking people had migrated into the area from the northwest (present-day Nigeria and Cameroon) and settled in the savanna regions of the south. Aided by their knowledge of iron technology and agriculture, the Bantu-speakers migrated to other parts of the Congo and Africa, at the same time developing new, related languages. From about A.D. 700 the copper deposits of S Katanga were worked by the Bantu and traded over wide areas. By about 1000 the Bantu had settled most of the Congo, reducing the area occupied by the Pygmies. By the early 2d millennium the Bantu had increased considerably in number and were coalescing into states, some of which governed large areas and had complex administrative structures. Most of the states were ruled by a monarch, whose authority, although considerable, was checked by a council of high civil servants and elders. Notable among the states were the kingdom of Kongo (founded in the 14th cent.), centered in modern N Angola but including extreme W Congo and a Luba empire (founded in the early 16th cent.), centered around lakes Kisale and Upemba in central Katanga. Also included among these states were the Lunda kingdom of Mwata Yamo (founded in the 15th cent.), centered in SW Congo; the Kuba kingdom of the Shongo people (established in the early 17th cent.), located in the region of the Kasai and Sankuru rivers in S Congo; and the Lunda kingdom of Mwata Kazembe (founded in the 18th cent.), located near the Luapula River (which forms part of the present Congo-Zambia boundary). Through intermarriage and other contacts the Luba transmitted political ideas to the Lunda, and numerous small Luba-Lunda states (in addition to those of Mwata Yamo and Mwata Kazembe) were established in S Congo. The Kuba kingdom was noted for its sculpture and decorative arts. European and Arab Contacts In 1482, Diogo Cão, a Portuguese navigator, became the first European to visit the Congo when he reached the mouth of the Congo River and sailed a few miles upstream. Soon thereafter the Portuguese established ties with the king of Kongo, and in the early 16th cent. they established themselves on parts of the coast of modern Angola, especially at the court of the king of Ndongo (a vassal state of Kongo). The Portuguese had little influence on the Congo until the late 18th cent., when the African and mulatto traders (called pombeiros ), whom they backed, traveled far inland to the kingdom of Mwata Kazembe. In the mid-19th cent., Arab, Swahili, and Nyamwezi traders from present-day Tanzania penetrated into E Congo, where they traded and raided for slaves and ivory. Some of the traders established states with considerable power. Msiri (a Nyamwezi) established himself near Mwata Kazembe in 1856, soon enlarged his holdings (mainly at the expense of Mwata Kazembe), and was a major force until 1891, when he was killed by the Belgians. From the 1860s to the early 1890s, Muhammad bin Hamad (known as Tippu Tib), a Swahili Arab trader from Zanzibar, who was also part Nyamwezi, ruled a large portion of E Congo NW of Lake Tanganyika. In the 1870s, on the eve of the scramble for African territory among the European powers, the territory of the Congo had no overall political unity. The Congo Free State Beginning in the late 1870s the territory was colonized by Leopold II , king of the Belgians (reigned 1865–1909). Leopold believed that Belgium needed colonies to ensure its prosperity, and sensing that the Belgians would not support colonial ventures, he privately set about establishing a colonial empire. Between 1874 and 1877, Henry M. Stanley made a journey across central Africa during which he found the course of the Congo River. Intrigued by Stanley's findings (especially that the region had considerable economic poten


Rachel Hunter, model and Rod Stewart's ex wife, posed nude for which magazine in 2004?

Rachel Hunter poses for Playboy; Kelly Osbourne goes ring shopping; Pepsi wants Pink to behave - SFGate Rachel Hunter poses for Playboy; Kelly Osbourne goes ring shopping; Pepsi wants Pink to behave Daily Dish Published 4:00 am, Thursday, January 15, 2004 Image 1of/2 Close Image 1 of 2 STEWART/C/07DEC98/DD/AP-British singer-songwriter Rod Stewart and his wife Rachel Hunter, seen together in this Dec. 19, 1996 photo, have seperated after eight years of marriage, according to an announcement by Stewart's management company in London late Thursday Dec. 7, 1999. Stewart was 45 when he married New Zealand-born Hunter, then 21, a model with the New York Ford model agency. The couple has two children, Liam, 4, and Renee, 6. (AP Photo/Neil Munns) BY ASSOCIATD PRESS ALSO RAN: 06/30/2000, 11/17/02, 06/03/03 less STEWART/C/07DEC98/DD/AP-British singer-songwriter Rod Stewart and his wife Rachel Hunter, seen together in this Dec. 19, 1996 photo, have seperated after eight years of marriage, according to an announcement by ... more Image 2 of 2 Rachel Hunter poses for Playboy; Kelly Osbourne goes ring shopping; Pepsi wants Pink to behave 1 / 2 RACHEL HUNTER 'S PRICEY PLAYBOY DEAL Model Rachel Hunter has posed topless for Playboy magazine , after being offered a staggering $1.8 million to strip. Men's magazine bosses have pursued rocker the New Zealand-born model, most recently seen in the Fountains of Wayne video for the song "Stacy's Mom," since she was 17. She initially refused because she was too young and then again because her ex, singer Rod Stewart , didn't want her to strip. But, after shedding 14 pounds through an intensive workout regime, the 35-year-old feels ready to bare all -- and boost her bank balance at the same time. According to sources, the snaps were taken at a top secret, exotic location earlier this week and will appear in Playboy's music edition later this year. A friend reveals, "She will be going topless but refuses to be completely nude. "The pictures will be as tasteful as possible. She's really comfortable showing her body." KELLY OSBOURNE ENGAGED? Teen singer Kelly Osbourne has sparked speculation she's engaged to her rocker boyfriend of six months, Rob Aston , after they were spotted browsing for rings. Osbourne, 19, and the frontman for punk band the Transplants recently visited XIV Karats in Beverly Hills, Calif., to look at a range of finger jewelery. A source says, "She was right by his side ... He knew exactly what he wanted." According to US Weekly, the two agreed on a simple silver setting with a three-carat diamond solitaire, which Osbourne tried on but loudly announced wasn't for her. Two days later, Aston returned to buy the ring. PINK WARNED TO WATCH HER BEHAVIOR BY PEPSI Pop punk Pink has been warned about her future behavior after signing a lucrative sponsorship deal with soft drinks giant Pepsi. The star is noted for her uncompromising behavior -- which has included a penchant for tattoos and piercings, a public kiss with "Terminator 3" actress Kristanna Loken and a new relationship with rock bad boy Tommy Lee . However, now Pink -- real name Alicia Moore -- has landed her deal with Pepsi, the company has reportedly told her she must set a good example for their young customers. A source tells Scottish newspaper the Daily Record , "Her huge popularity with the kids meant all that was overlooked. "But Pink has been told to be mindful of how she is seen in the public eye. Pepsi do not want another Tommy Lee [sex] video hitting the headlines or her getting a ring through her nose. "That would mean every parent freaking out that their kid would follow suit." DIDDY & J.LO IN ANOTHER SCANDAL Sean " P. Diddy " Combs and Jennifer Lopez are caught up in yet another legal altercation after a reveller claimed one of their bodyguards threw a camera at her. The former couple, who were both spotted at the Opium Garden in Miami, Fla., in the small hours of Monday morning, are mentioned in a police report filed by an angry partygoer. Jacqueline Thomas Bishop claims bodyguard Nathan But asked if she had take


According to the Bible, who were Balthazar, Melchior and Caspar?

Was one of the three wise men, Balthasar, really a black man like some artwork depicts? - Busted Halo Was one of the three wise men, Balthasar, really a black man like some artwork depicts? By Ann Naffziger July 29, 2011 According to legend in Western Christianity, there were three “wise men,” their names were Melchior, Caspar, and Balthasar, and they were of various ethnic/racial origins. However, Matthew’s account of the magi’s visit (which is the only reference in the Bible to these famed visitors) tells us none of these details. Because Matthew tells us that the magi brought Jesus gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh, popular imagination has pictured three gift-bearers, although Matthew didn’t say how many there were. In fact, in the East, tradition has generally pictured 12 magi. It was later tradition, not Matthew, who named the magi. A document dated to about 500 A.D. lists the names of Melchior, Caspar, and Balthasar, a tradition that has been maintained in Western Christianity. Other Eastern Christian churches have asribed other names to these figures. Finally, Matthew’s gospel doesn’t specify where the magi originated from, except to say that they came “from the East.” The East could have been Babylonia or Persia, although later legends imagined them originating from destinations as varied as India and China. Ultimately, we simply don’t know how many magi there were, what their names were, or what color skin they had.


"The technology industry centre known as ""Silicon Valley"" is in which state of the USA?"

The Regional Advantage of the Silicon Valley and Its History the Silicon Valley and Its History Introduction In the 1970's both the Route 128 complex of Boston and the Silicon Valley were centers of high technology industry, but by the 1980's the Route 128 area was stagnating while the Silicon Valley, after experiencing economics shocks, was moving ahead to become the unchallenged global leader in high technology. The difference in the two areas was not in resources or location but in their commercial culture. Route 128 firms tended to be insular and proprietary, whereas the Silicon Valley firms were open and linked by social and economic networks which enabled them to adjust to the vissitudes of market shifts. Route 128 was more highly dependent upon federal government contracts than Silicon Valley and, when government contracts declined with the moderation and end of the Cold War, Route 128 found it hard to adapt to the civilian market. The Origin of the High Technology Centers During World War II the Federal sought the development of high technology weaponry at top universities such as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT ), Stanford University and the University of California at Berkeley. There was a desire on the part of both the Federal Government and these universities to continue the relationship. In some cases the research during the war was carried out in research organizations set up organizationally within the universities but physically separated from the campuses for security reasons; e.g., Lincoln Laboratory at MIT. After the War these research laboratories were made more independent of their universities and began to function as businesses. They were however businesses that were primarily dependent upon government contracts. The Boston area had a long tradition of technology and the new research laboratories had to fit into the business environment of the area. Santa Clara County was still primarily agricultural at the end of the war and was not constrained by the institutional arrangements of business the way the new businesses were in the Boston area. Some small comments on the history of the two areas are appropriate at this point. Ms Saxenian mistakenly asserts that the Silcon Valley area was most famous for "its apricot and walnut orchards," rather than its orchards of French plums which were used to make prunes. The topgraphy of Boston with its river channels and bays make local travel difficult. In additional to the natural difficulties of the terrain Boston has a terrible, hap-hazard street pattern rather than anything approaching a rectangular grid. It is alleged that this street pattern arose because the early residents of Boston paved the meandering cowpaths to make roads. Therefore it was a major undertaking to travel from one side of the metropolitan area to the other. To remedy this situation the traffic planners decided to build a peripheral roadway, called Route 128,  that would allow travelers to skirt the dense, difficult traffic conditions of Boston. Businesses quickly realized the advantages of locating close to Route 128. New businesses, particularly the the high technology companies, chose location near Route 128. Branches of major corporations such as Sylvania and RCA were located on Route 128. But startup companies became the most significant factor in the economy of the area. Ratheon rose to prominence in the Route 128 area. By 1970 Route 128 was the major center of electronics development in the U.S., but most of that development was financed by Federal Government contracts. In the 1970's, as the space race and the Vietnam War wound to a close,  military contracts for the Route 128 area dropped significantly. This decline in contracts produced a severe recession in the Route 128 area. The unemployment in high technology industry rose to 20 percent in the early 1970's. The development of minicomputers saved Route 128. Ken Olsen, who had been working at Lincoln Laboratory left Lincoln with two other eng


Octavian and Antony defeated Brutus and Cassius in 42BC near which city in East Macedonia?

Wars of the Second Triumvirate: Battle of Philippi Wars of the Second Triumvirate: Battle of Philippi Octavian.  Public Domain The Battle of Philippi was part of the War of the Second Triumvirate (44-42 BC). Dates: Fought on two separate dates, the Battle of Philippi took place on October 3 and 23, 42 BC. Armies & Commanders: 19 legions, 33,000 cavalry, over 100,000 total Brutus & Cassius 17 legions, 17,000 cavalry, approximately 100,000 men Battle Summary: Following the assassination of Julius Caesar , two of the principle conspirators, Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus fled Rome and took control of the eastern provinces. There they raised a large army consisting of the eastern legions and levies from local kingdoms allied to Rome. To counter this, the members of the Second Triumvirate in Rome, Octavian, Mark Antony, and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, raised their own army to defeat the conspirators and avenge Caesar's death. Leaving Lepidus in Rome, Octavian and Antony marched east into Macedonia seeking the enemy. As they moved forward, they dispatched Norbanus and Saxa ahead with eight legions to search for the conspirator's army. Moving along the Via Egnatia, the two passed through the town of Philippi and assumed a defensive position in a mountain pass to the east. Moving west, Brutus and Cassius wished to avoid a general engagement, preferring to operate on the defensive. After flanking Norbanus and Saxa out of their position and forcing them to retreat, the conspirators dug in to the west of Philippi, with their line anchored on a marsh to the south and steep hills to the north. Aware that Antony and Octavian were approaching, the conspirators fortified their position, which straddled the Via Egnatia, and placed Brutus' troops to the north of the road and Cassius' to the south. The Triumvirate's forces soon arrived and Antony arrayed his men opposite Cassius, while Octavian faced Brutus. Eager to begin the fighting, Antony tried several times to bring about a general battle, but Cassius and Brutus would not advance from behind their defenses. Seeking to break the deadlock, Antony began building a causeway through the marshes in an effort to turn Cassius' right flank. Quickly understanding the enemy's intentions, Cassius began building a transverse dam and pushed part of his forces south in an effort to cut off Antony's men in the marshes. This effort brought about the First Battle of Philippi on October 3, 42 BC. Attacking Cassius' line near where the fortifications met the marsh, Antony's men swarmed over the wall. Driving through Cassius' men, Antony's troops put them to rout and seized their camp. To the north, Brutus' men, seeing the battle in the south, attacked Octavian's forces. Catching them off guard, Brutus' men drove them from their camp, forcing Octavian to hide in a nearby swamp. As they moved through Octavian's camp, Brutus' men paused to plunder the tents allowing the enemy to reform and avoid a rout. Unable to see Brutus' success, Cassius fell back with his men. Believing that they had both been defeated, he committed suicide. As the dust settled, both sides withdrew to their lines with their spoils. Robbed of his best strategic mind, Brutus decided to attempt to hold his position with the goal of wearing down the enemy. Over the next three weeks, Antony began pushing south and east through the marshes forcing Brutus to extend his lines. While Brutus wished to continue delaying battle, his commanders and allies became restless and forced the issue. Surging forward on October 23, Brutus' men met Octavian and Antony's in battle. Fighting at close-quarters, the battle proved very bloody as the Triumvirate's forces succeeded in repelling Brutus' attack. As his men began retreating, Octavian's army captured their camp. Deprived of a place to make a stand, Brutus ultimately committed suicide and his army was routed. Aftermath & Impact: The casualties for the First Battle of Philippi were approximately 9,000 killed and wounded for Cassius and 18,000 for Octavian. Casualties are not known for the


Who, from 1940 to 1949 was Jane Wyman's third husband?

Ronald Reagan and Jane Wyman Get Married | World History Project Jan 26 1940 Ronald Reagan and Jane Wyman Get Married In 1938, Reagan co-starred in the film Brother Rat with actress Jane Wyman (1917–2007). They were engaged at the Chicago Theatre,[35] and married on January 26, 1940, at the Wee Kirk o' the Heather church in Glendale, California. Together they had two children, Maureen (1941–2001) and Christine (born June 26, 1947; died June 27, 1947), and adopted a third, Michael (born 1945). Following arguments about Reagan's political ambitions, Wyman filed for divorce in 1948, citing a distraction due to her husband's Screen Actors Guild union duties; the divorce was finalized in 1949 making him the only U.S. president to have been divorced. Source: Wikipedia Added by: Brandon samuels In 1938, Wyman co-starred with Ronald Reagan in Brother Rat (1938), and its sequel Brother Rat and a Baby (1940). They were engaged at the Chicago Theatre,[17] and married on January 26, 1940, at the Wee Kirk o' the Heather church in Glendale, California.[18] She and Reagan had three children; Maureen Elizabeth Reagan (1941–2001), Michael Edward Reagan (born March 18, 1945, and adopted by the Reagans.), and Christine Reagan (born prematurely on June 26, 1947 and died the next day). She filed for divorce in 1948; the divorce was finalized in 1949. Since Ronald Reagan is the only U.S. president to have been divorced, Wyman is the only ex-wife of an American President. Though she remained silent during Reagan's political career, she told a newspaper interviewer in 1968 that this was not because she was: “ bitter or because I don't agree with him politically. I've always been a registered Republican. But it's bad taste to talk about ex-husbands and ex-wives, that's all. Also, I don't know a damn thing about politics.


Which country has hosted the greatest number of world curling championships (of any kind: men's, women's and mixed championships) between 1959 and 2015?

Curling - The Canadian Encyclopedia email MLA 7th Edition Gerald Redmond Revised: Patricia G. Bailey "Curling" The Canadian Encyclopedia. Eds. Jeremy Freeborn. Toronto: Historica Canada, 2010. Web. 17 Jan. 2017. Gerald Redmond Revised: Patricia G. Bailey "Curling" The Canadian Encyclopedia. Eds. Jeremy Freeborn. Toronto: Historica Canada, 2010. Web. 17 Jan. 2017. APA 6th Edition Gerald Redmond Revised: Patricia G. Bailey, R. The Canadian Encyclopedia. (2010). Curling. Retrieved January 17, 2017, from http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/curling/ Gerald Redmond Revised: Patricia G. Bailey, R. The Canadian Encyclopedia. (2010). Curling. Retrieved January 17, 2017, from http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/curling/ Chicago 16th Edition Gerald Redmond Revised: Patricia G. Bailey. "Curling" In The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada, 1985–. Article published May 9, 2010. http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/curling/. Gerald Redmond Revised: Patricia G. Bailey. "Curling" In The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada, 1985–. Article published May 9, 2010. http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/curling/. Turabian Gerald Redmond Revised: Patricia G. Bailey. 2010. Curling. The Canadian Encyclopedia http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/curling/ (accessed January 17, 2017). Gerald Redmond Revised: Patricia G. Bailey. 2010. Curling. The Canadian Encyclopedia http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/curling/ (accessed January 17, 2017). While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Updates? Omissions? Article suggestions? We want to hear from you! Sports Curling Curling is a sport in which two teams of four players each send stones over an ice surface toward a target circle in an attempt to place nearest the centre. In Canada, curling has steadily grown in popularity since the first club was formed in Montréal in 1807. The national championships (Brier, Scotties) and Olympic trials are among some of the most popular sporting events in the country, and many winners of these tournaments have also achieved victory on the international stage. Curling is one of the country’s most popular sports, and is the most televised women’s sport in Canada. Curling is a sport in which two teams of four players each send stones over an ice surface toward a target circle in an attempt to place nearest the centre. In Canada, curling has steadily grown in popularity since the first club was formed in Montréal in 1807. The national championships (Brier, Scotties) and Olympic trials are among some of the most popular sporting events in the country, and many winners of these tournaments have also achieved victory on the international stage. Curling is one of the country’s most popular sports and the most televised women’s sport in Canada. Scottish Heritage Although there is some artistic and etymological evidence from the 16th century in the Low Countries of Europe pointing to a similar ice game, most authorities agree that curling as we know it today was codified in Scotland and exported from there in organized form. Certainly the origins and early evolution of this sport in Canada were due to the consistent, enthusiastic and ubiquitous presence of the Scots . Undoubtedly, too, curling has thrived to a prodigious and unparalleled extent here. Factors contributing to its contemporary popularity in Canada include the wintry climate, the traditions of the game, certain technological advances and the active patronage of influential persons (many of them Scottish). From their influential position in Canadian society, many Scots were comfortably situated to indulge in and promote the traditions of their native land, including curling. First Clubs in Canada Some historians have suggested, without documentation, that curling began on the North American continent among Scottish soldiers during the Seven Years' War of 1756–63 . Curling certainly occurred info


Which part of the body is made up of a series of vertebra?

BBC Science & Nature - Human Body and Mind - Skeleton Layer S-shaped spine: Prevents shock to your head when you walk or run Spinal cord protection: Your bony spine encases your delicate spinal cord Vertebrae: 33 vertebrae make up your spine Column of ring-like bones Also known as your backbone, your spine is a strong, flexible column of ring-like bones that runs from your skull to your pelvis. It holds your head and body upright and allows you to bend and twist your body. It also offers protection to your spinal cord - a large bundle of nerves that runs through the cavity in the centre of your spine that relays messages between your brain and the rest of your body. Vertebrae Your spine is made up of 33 irregularly shaped bones called vertebrae. Each vertebra has a hole in the middle through which the spinal cord runs. The spinal cord can be divided into five different regions, from top to bottom: Your 7 cervical vertebrae support your head and neck and allow you to nod and shake your head Your ribs attach to your 12 thoracic vertebrae Your five sturdy lumbar vertebrae carry most of the weight of your upper body and provide a stable centre of gravity when you move Your sacrum is made up of five fused vertebrae. It makes up the back wall of your pelvis Your coccyx is made up of four fused vertebrae. It is an evolutionary remnant of the tail found in most other vertebrates Shock absorbers Sandwiched between your vertebrae are pads of tough, fibrous cartilage called intervertebral discs that cushion your vertebrae and absorb shock. These discs, together with the curved, S-shape of your spine, prevent shock to your head when you walk or run. Flexibility The joints between individual vertebrae aren't very flexible. But working together they give the spine a wide range of movement, allowing you to arch backwards, bend forwards and twist from side to side. During strenuous movement, strong ligaments and muscles around your vertebrae stabilise your spine and help to control movement.


Where is the International Gemological Institute and the World Diamond Centre, which play an important role in setting standards, regulating professional ethics, training and promoting the interests of the city as a centre of the diamond industry?

WORLD DIAMOND MAGAZINE - Issue 2 by ALTIN DÜNYASI GAZETESİ - issuu A Mark of the World Federation of Diamond Bourses Remzi Çelen & Ya’akov Almor Editor in Chief EDITORIAL Albert Robinson Anthony DeMarco Aruna Gaitonde Suresh Chotai Aylin Gözen Deborah Yonick Dave Siskin Brad Huisken Aslı Çelebioğlu Dila Ecem Çakır Melek Sancaklı Tanyel Yılmaz Oğuz Özdemir Esin Sözer Şirzat Akbulak WITH THANKS TO Alex Popov Ayhan Güner Ernest Blom Mustafa Atayık Mehmet Can Özdemir BIST UBM Rotaforte HRD Antwerp ART + PRODUCTION Altındünyası Publishing Group İsmail Batı EDITORIAL CONSULTANT 212 PR ADVERTISING Altındünyası Publishing Group Küçükayasofya Mah. Aksakal Sokak N: 27 Fatih – İstanbul info@yayindunyasi.com +90 212 518 84 01 TURKISH JEWELLERY EXPORTERS’ ASSOCIATION in cooperation with WORLD DIAMOND MARK FOUNDATION JTR Head Office Dış Ticaret Kompleksi A-blok kat:2 Çobançeşme Mevkii, Sanayi Cad. Yenibosna-Bahçelievler İstanbul / Türkiye Tel: +90 212 454 00 00 D:1002  Fax: +90 212 454 00 32 Office Binbirdirek Mahallesi Dostlukyurdu Sokak No:1Yeşil Apt D:1 Fatih / Çemberlitaş / İstanbul / Türkiye Tel: +90 212 518 83 00 Fax: +90 212 518 83 03 GEZEGEN PRINTING 100. Yıl Mh. 2. Caddesi (Matbaacılar Sitesi) No:100, Bağcılar - Türkiye +90 212 325 71 25 www.gezegenbasim.com.tr Strength in Unity Welcome to the second issue of the World Diamond Magazine! Many of you will be reading this edition just prior, during or just after the World Diamond Conference in India. It is therefore that we first wish to congratulate the World Diamond Mark Foundation (WDMF), the Gems & Jewellery Export Promotion Council of India, the speakers, sponsors and participants for making this event happen. This magazine is published jointly by the Turkish Jewelry Exporters Association (JTR) and the WDMF. It is the result of an exciting cooperation between the two bodies, and testament to the JTR's and the WDMF's shared vision that marketing, promotion, retailer and consumer education must be at the top of the agenda of the diamond and diamond jewellery industry and trade. At the conference in India, the speakers, panelists and participants also will address the issue of marketing diamond and diamond jewellery. They all share the WDMF's objectives, even if they are not yet aware of it…. All speakers, panelists and participants will be discussing, each from his or her perspective, the sustenance of our industry. Miners will speak about production but also about their growing awareness that without a flourishing end-market, their product will meet less demand. Manufacturers and operators in the downstream market will shed light on the disjoint between rough and polished diamond prices while their clients – the jewellery manufacturers, wholesalers and retail jewelers will talk about the enormous competition for the consumers' discretional income in the luxury product consumer market. Together, they will need to agree on what message we are sending to the consumers and how to work together to make our business more profitable, sustainable and successful! The World Diamond Conference in India is a great opportunity for the industry to come together and to decide that it needs to make greater efforts to make the generic marketing of diamonds and diamond jewelry an integral part of their business strategies and models. Of course, we will keep you posted of developments and will report back in our next issue. Like in the first edition, we have great content for you, thanks to all the contributing writers. A lot of the content is about….marketing! Enjoy the magazine! World Diamond Magazine Ayhan G端ner, Chairman of Turkish Jewellery Exporters' Association 16 OUR AIM IS TO BE THE NEW DIAMOND CENTER Alex Popov, Chairman, World Diamond Mark Foundation: Future of Diamond and Diamond Jewellery Consumer Market 43 The next biggest consumer of diamond jewellery is... 72 A Mark of the World Federation of Diamond Bourses 6 World Diamond Magazine | 2014-02 T he World Diamond Mark Foundation (WDMF), in close cooperation with the Gem & Jewellery Export Promotion Council (GJEPC), India, wi


In England, what word refers to a parish constable of the Anglican Church, often charged with duties of charity?

Crime and punishment: Shrewsbury 1766 | volunteeringshropshiresheritage volunteeringshropshiresheritage Crime and punishment: Shrewsbury 1766 Jan Lloyd is a volunteer at Shropshire Archives: here Jan relates a sorry tale of petty crime and punishment  in 18th century Shrewsbury  The Mayor of Shrewsbury’s  Accounts from 1766 are by and large a routine list of payments consisting, for example of receipts for ironmongery, maintenance of the conduit pipes, tolls for the gates of the town and materials for coats for the Bellman and Swineherds.  Whilst cataloguing these, however, I came across the following items (Shropshire Archives 3365/666/393) which piqued my interest. ‘Pay to Edward Mansell, Beadle, three shillings for whipping Mary Roberts at the Cart’s Tail. Pay to Joseph Bevan, five shillings for the use of his cart and horse at the whipping of Mary Roberts. Pay to John Upton, two shillings for holding the horse’s bridle at the whipping of Mary Roberts at the Cart’s Tail. 30th January 1766’ The word ‘Beadle’ refers to a parish constable of the Anglican Church, one often charged with duties of charity. A famous fictional constabulary beadle is Mr. Bumble from Charles Dickens’ classic Oliver Twist, who oversees the parish workhouse and orphanage. To be whipped at the Cart’s Tail involved the miscreant being tied to the back of the cart, sometimes naked, and paraded through the streets whilst being whipped, giving both physical and mental punishment for their crime. Image reproduced by permission of the British Museum Unfortunately we do not know what Mary’s crime was but, to warrant such a penalty, one would  imagine it was fairly serious.  The second document is as follows, ‘Pay to Edward Howells, Edward Morgan and Edward Mansell for their trouble in apprehending Mary Lloyd, a strolling woman and a shoplifter, the sum of seven shillings and six pence out of the money arising from the sale of the felon’s goods. 1st April 1766’  This could be the same Edward Mansell, the Beadle and his cohorts. The term “strolling” woman suggests Mary was of no fixed abode and wandered around the town although she must have had some possessions worth selling to pay the reward to her captors. We tend to think of the word “shoplifter” in a modern context but there is documented proof that shoplifting took place in the sixteenth century, it being carried out by groups of men called “lifters”. There is no mention of further punishment other than losing her goods so perhaps we can presume that the crime Mary Roberts committed was far more serious than Mary Lloyd’s, in order to warrant a whipping. Share this:


The invention of what sport is credited to Dr. S. A. Naismith in Massachusetts, USA, in 1891?

Basketball History: Dr. James Naismith, Basketball Inventor, Founder, KU Basketball: Kansas History Web Sites Kansas History Web Sites Dr. James Naismith, Inventor of Basketball KU Basketball Program Founder Dr. James Naismith is known world-wide as the inventor of basketball. He was born in 1861 in Ramsay township, near Almonte, Ontario, Canada.  The concept of basketball was born from Naismith's school days in the area where he played a simple child's game known as duck-on-a-rock outside his one-room schoolhouse. The game involved attempting to knock a "duck" off the top of a large rock by tossing another rock at it. Naismith went on to attend McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. After serving as McGill's Athletic Director, James Naismith moved on to the YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA in 1891, where the sport of basketball was born. In Springfield, Naismith was faced with the problem of finding a sport that was suitable for play inside during the Massachusetts winter for the students at the School for Christian Workers. Naismith wanted to create a game of skill for the students instead of one that relied solely on strength. He needed a game that could be played indoors in a relatively small space. The first game was played with a soccer ball and two peach baskets used as goals. James Naismith devised a set of thirteen rules of basketball: The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands, but never with the fist. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be made for a man running at good speed. The ball must be held in or between the hands. The arms or body must not be used for holding it. No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or tripping in any way of an opponent. The first infringement of this rule by any person shall count as a foul; the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game. No substitution shall be allowed. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violations of Rules 3 and 4 and such as described in Rule 5. If either side make three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul). Goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the ground into the basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edge and the opponents move the basket, it shall count as a goal. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field and played by the first person touching it. In case of dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds. If he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them. The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have the power to disqualify men according to Rule 5. The referee shall be the judge of the ball and decide when it is in play in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made and keep account of the goals with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee. The time shall be two 15-minute halves with five minutes' rest between. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winners. In addition to the creation of the basketball, James Naismith graduated as a medical doctor, primarily interested in sports physiology and what we would today call sports science and as Presbyterian minister, with a keen interest in philosophy and clean living. Naismith watched his sport, basketball, introduced in many nations by the YMCA movement as early as 1893. Basketball was introduced at the Berlin Olympics in 1936. Today basketball has grown to become on


What do you call a group of stars? | Reference.com What do you call a group of stars? A: Quick Answer People typically refer to groups of stars in a pattern as constellations, but the accurate term is asterism; scientists refer to actual groups of stars as clusters and group individual stars by light magnitude. Because constellations are the standard observation grouping, astronomers refer to constellations when naming stars. Full Answer Star clusters are categorized into two groups: globular and open, depending on the age of the cluster and number of stars present. One star cluster of note is the Pleiades, also know as the Seven Sisters. This group of stars contains hundreds of stars, but only seven are readily visible to the human eye. The Pleiades cluster is located in the constellation Taurus, and its stars are roughly 425 light years from Earth.


In the 1908 Olympics, Jay Gould from the USA won a gold medal for competing in which sport?

Jay Gould Bio, Stats, and Results | Olympics at Sports-Reference.com Related Olympians: Brother-in-law of John Beresford . Medals: 1 Gold (1 Total) Biography As the grandson of the railroad multimillionaire and robber baron, Jay Gould, Jay Gould, II was able to add virtually unlimited financial resources to his considerable natural ability and he developed into the finest court tennis player in the world. In 1900 a private court was built at the family’s palatial residence at Lakewood, New Jersey and apart from retaining Frank Forester as his personal professional until 1915, Jay Gould also engaged many other professionals to provide both tutoring and competition. When only 17, Gould won the U.S. Amateur Championship and held the title until his retirement from singles play in 1926. He was also the first amateur ever to win the World Championship (in 1914) and in 1908 Jay Gould won the Olympic jeu de paume competition without the loss of a set. Gould was equally outstanding as a doubles player, winning eight U.S. titles with W. T. H. Huhn and a further six titles with Joseph Wear, the 1904 Olympic tennis bronze medalist. Throughout his career, Gould lost only once in both singles and doubles. Gould was also a very capable squash racquets player. Gould never had to work, but did manage the family fortune and real estate interests from offices in New York City – into which he had a court tennis dedans built. Results


Which actor was married to actress Joan Plowright?

Joan Plowright - Biography - IMDb Joan Plowright Biography Showing all 24 items Jump to: Overview  (3) | Mini Bio  (1) | Spouse  (2) | Trivia  (15) | Personal Quotes  (2) | Salary  (1) Overview (3) 5' 4½" (1.64 m) Mini Bio (1) Dame Joan Ann Plowright, the Baroness Olivier, is one of the most distinguished actors of her generation. She may be best remembered as the third wife and widow of Laurence Olivier , generally considered the greatest anglophone actor of the 20th Century, but she had a distinguished career of her own on stage and screen spanning six decades. Born in Brigg, Lincolnshire on October 28, 1929, she received her training at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School and made her professional stage debut at Croydon in 1948. Her London debut came in 1954, and two years later, she joined George Devine 's English Stage Company at the Royal Court Theatre, which would change her life just as the drama at the Royal Court revolutionized the English theater. The Royal Court's 1956 production of John Osborne 's _Look Back In Anger' was a watershed in English theatrical history, ushering in the 'Angry Young Man" era in British cultural life. In 1957, Plowright first co-starred with her future husband Olivier in the Royal Court's production of Osborne's The Entertainer (1960) when she took over the role of Archie Rice's daughter Jean Rice when the play transferred to a commercial venue in the West End. She recreated the role in Tony Richardson 's 1960 film of the play. To escape the notoriety from Olivier's divorce from Vivien Leigh , Plowright and Olivier went to New York, where they appeared on Broadway, he in Becket (1964) and she in A Taste of Honey (1961). For her performance as Josephine, which Rita Tushingham played in the movie version, she won a 1961 Tony Award as Best Actress in a Play. (She had first appeared on Broadway in a twin bill of Eugène Ionesco 's "The Chairs" and "The Lesson" in January 1958, a month before she appeared with Olivier in "The Entertainer".) When his divorce from Leigh came through, they were married in March 1961 in New York with Richard Burton as Larry's best man. From 1963 onward, she was a member of the National Theatre, which was headed by Olivier. Plowright created a distinguished stage career and was acclaimed when she began appearing more frequently in movies and television starting in the the 1980s. She was made a Dame Commander of the British Empire, the female equivalent of a knighthood, in the 2004 Queen's New Year Honours. Plowright divorced her first husband, the actor Roger Gage , to marry Olivier in 1961 and they had three children, Richard Kerr Olivier, Tamsin Olivier and Julie Kate Olivier . - IMDb Mini Biography By: Jon C. Hopwood Spouse (2) ( 19 September  1953      - 2 December  1960) (divorced) Trivia (15) She was awarded CBE (Commander of the Order of the British Empire) in the 1970 Queen's New Year Honours List for her services to drama. Older sister of David Plowright , CBE, who was Chairman of Granada TV Ltd. until 1992 when he was ousted by Gerry Robinson , the current Chairman and former Chief Executive. Lady Olivier since 1961, after Sir Laurence Olivier divorced Vivien Leigh . They became Baron and Baroness Olivier in 1970. She bore her second husband Laurence Olivier three children - a son Richard Olivier (an actor and director) and two actress daughters Tamsin Olivier and Julie Kate Olivier . She was awarded the DBE (Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire) in the 2004 Queen's New Year Honours List for her services to drama. She was awarded the 1986 London Critics Circle Theatre Award (Drama Theatre Award) for Best Actress for her performance in The House of Barnarda Alba. Became an Associate Member of RADA. Won Broadway's 1961 Tony Award as Best Actress (Dramatic) for "A Taste of Honey." Covent Garden, London, England [May 2009] Currently appearing in "Absolutely! {perhaps}" in London with Oliver Ford Davies . [July 2003] Mother-in-law of Simon Dutton , who is married to her daughter Tamsin Olivier . Announced her retirement from acting in 20


Who was Mr Ed's owner in the TV series featuring a talking horse?

Mister Ed (TV Series 1958–1966) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error The misadventures of a wisecracking talking horse and his human owner. Creators: When Ed discovers that he is of Cherokee descent, he refuses to participate in the Pioneer Parade. Unfortunately for Wilbur, he has already promised Carol's Dad that Ed would do it as a favor for him. 8.5 After Clint Eastwood moves into the neighborhood, Mister Ed sets up a party line with his house, which causes nothing but problems for Mr. Eastwood. 8.5 Wilbur bets an old college rival "5 bills" that Ed can out-jump his horse. He has second thoughts after he realizes that "5 bills" equals $500. 8.4 a list of 26 titles created 17 Apr 2012 a list of 30 titles created 18 Feb 2014 a list of 21 titles created 19 May 2015 a list of 45 titles created 10 months ago a list of 36 titles created 5 months ago Search for " Mister Ed " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Title: Mister Ed (1958–1966) 7.1/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won     1     Golden Globe. Another    3 wins. See more awards  » Videos A United States astronaut finds his life vastly complicated when he stumbles on to a bottle containing a female genie. Stars: Barbara Eden, Larry Hagman, Bill Daily A New York City attorney and his wife attempt to live as genteel farmers in the bizarre community of Hooterville. Stars: Eddie Albert, Eva Gabor, Tom Lester A nouveau riche hillbilly family moves to Beverly Hills and shakes up the privileged society with their hayseed ways. Stars: Buddy Ebsen, Donna Douglas, Irene Ryan A family of friendly monsters have misadventures, never quite understanding why people react to them so strangely. Stars: Fred Gwynne, Al Lewis, Yvonne De Carlo Seven men and women are stranded on an uncharted island following a torrential storm. Stars: Bob Denver, Alan Hale Jr., Jim Backus The misadventures of a suburban boy, family and friends. Stars: Jerry Mathers, Hugh Beaumont, Barbara Billingsley A witch married to an ordinary man cannot resist using her magic powers to solve the problems her family faces. Stars: Elizabeth Montgomery, Dick York, Dick Sargent The misadventures of a blissfully macabre but extremely loving family. Stars: John Astin, Carolyn Jones, Jackie Coogan The misadventures of two single women in the 1950s and '60s. Stars: Penny Marshall, Cindy Williams, David L. Lander Widower Steve Douglas raises three sons with the help of his father-in-law, and is later aided by the boys' great-uncle. An adopted son, a stepdaughter, wives, and another generation of sons join the loving family in later seasons. Stars: Fred MacMurray, Stanley Livingston, Don Grady The Cunningham family live through the 1950s with help and guidance from the lovable and almost superhuman greaser, Fonzie. Stars: Ron Howard, Henry Winkler, Marion Ross A wacky alien comes to Earth to study its residents, and the life of the human woman he boards with is never the same. Stars: Robin Williams, Pam Dawber, Ralph James Edit Storyline Mister Ed is a horse who is owned by Wilbur Post. Mister Ed is not just any horse, he talks to Wilbur! But this gets Wilbur in all kinds of trouble because Mister Ed won't talk to anyone else, so Carol, Wilbur's wife, thinks that Wilbur loves Mister Ed more then he loves her, because he spends so much time with Mister Ed. Mister Ed also talks on the telephone and goes out of his barn to cause mischief, which Wilbur gets blamed for. Written by Katie <Katie185@aol.com> 4 January 1961 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: Did You Know? Trivia According to a parody article on Snopes.com (Lost Legends - Horse of a Different Color) the animal appearing as a horse was actually a trained female Grevy's zebra called "Amelia." The horse that was originally chosen to be "Mr. Ed" was stubbo


What was the name of the bottlenose dolphin who became famous in 1955-56 for playing with the children of the small town of Opononi, New Zealand, and performing with beach balls and bottles?

Opo the Dolphin - The Full Wiki The Full Wiki More info on Opo the Dolphin   Wikis Opo the Dolphin: Wikis Advertisements Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn't yet, but we're working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . (Redirected to Opo (dolphin) article) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Opo was a bottlenose dolphin who became famous throughout New Zealand during the summer of 1955-56 for playing with the children of the small town of Opononi on the Hokianga harbour. Opo was a wild dolphin who started following fishing boats around Opononi in early 1955 after her mother had been killed, and would swim daily in the bay close to town. She was originally named "Opononi Jack", based on Pelorus Jack , since she was presumed to be male. Unlike the majority of dolphins, she had no qualms about human company, and would perform stunts for locals, play with objects like beach balls and beer bottles, and allow children to swim alongside her and make contact. Māori children were more reluctant to play with Opo, as cultural beliefs said the dolphin was a messenger from Kupe . The dolphin became a local celebrity but news of her soon spread, and visitors from throughout the country would come to watch her. On 8 March 1956 official protection for Opo, requested by locals, was made law, but on 9 March she was found dead in a rock crevice at Koutu Point. It is suspected that she was killed accidentally by fishermen fishing with gelignite . Her death was reported nationwide, and she was buried with full Māori honours in a special plot next to the town hall. Legacy A song "Opo the friendly dolphin" was recorded by Crombie Murdoch (coincidentally on the same day Opo died) and was highly popular. A second song was written by Jilie Collier in 1988. Rudall Hayward made one of several short documentary films about Opo, and opo was the inspiration for the Maurice Shadbolt novel This Summer's Dolphin. A memorial statue of the dolphin playing with a child by Russell Clark was erected in Opononi during the 1950s. See also Hidden categories: Articles needing additional references from October 2007 | All articles needing additional references Advertisements Opo was a bottlenose dolphin who became famous throughout New Zealand during the summer of 1955-56 for playing with the children of the small town of Opononi on the Hokianga harbour. Opo was a wild dolphin who started following fishing boats around Opononi in early 1955 after her mother had been killed, and would swim daily in the bay close to town. She was originally named "Opononi Jack", based on Pelorus Jack , since she was presumed to be male. Unlike the majority of dolphins, she had no qualms about human company, and would perform stunts for locals, play with objects like beach balls and beer bottles, and allow children to swim alongside her and make contact. Māori children were more reluctant to play with Opo, as cultural beliefs said the dolphin was a messenger from Kupe . The dolphin became a local celebrity but news of her soon spread, and visitors from throughout the country would come to watch her. On 8 March 1956 official protection for Opo, requested by locals, was made law, but on 9 March she was found dead in a rock crevice at Koutu Point. It is suspected that she was killed accidentally by fishermen fishing with gelignite . Her death was reported nationwide, and she was buried with full Māori honours in a special plot next to the town hall. Legacy A song Opo the friendly dolphin was recorded by Crombie Murdoch (coincidentally on the same day Opo died) and was highly popular. A second song was written by Jilie Collier in 1988. Rudall Hayward made one of several short documentary films about Opo, and opo was the inspiration for the Maurice Shadbolt novel This Summer's Dolphin. A memorial statue of the dolphin playing with a child by Russell Clark was erected in Opononi during the 1950s. References


Which European city is built at the mouth of the river Tagus?

European Rivers - Rivers of Europe, Map of Rivers in Europe, Major Rivers in Europe - Worldatlas.com print this map Hundreds of rivers and their tributaries cross the European continent. Here we highlight those over 600 miles in length, and a few others of note. DANUBE: Beginning in the Black Forest region of Germany, it flows across central Europe and the countries of Austria, Hungary, Croatia and Yugoslavia. It then forms the border between Romania and Bulgaria, turning north across Romania to eventually end in the Black Sea. It is (1,771 miles) (2,850 km) in length, and one of the most significant commercial waterways on the continent. DNIEPER: Rising in the southwestern part of the Russian Federation, it flows generally south through Belarus, then southeast through Ukraine, ending in the Black Sea. Overall it's (1,420 miles) (2,285 km) in length. DON: Beginning it the southwestern Russian Federation, to the south of Moscow, it flows southeasterly towards the Volga, then turns abruptly west, ending in the Sea of Azov. Overall it's (1,224 miles) (1,969 km) in length. ELBE: Rising in the Czech Republic, the Elbe River then flows north through Germany, ending in the North Sea near Cuxhaven. It's (724 miles) (1,165 km) in length. LOIRE: Recognized as the longest river in France, the navigable Loire begins in the foothills of the Massif Central, then flows north and west across the heartland of France, finally ending in the Bay of Biscay. It's (634 miles) (1,020 km) in length. ODER: Rising in the rugged mountains of the eastern Czech Republic, it flows west and north through south-central Poland, eventually emptying into the Baltic Sea. It's (567 miles) (912 km) in length. PO: Italy's longest river begins in the upper reaches of the Alps, flowing west to east across northern Italy, ending in the Adriatic Sea. It's (405 miles) (652 km) in length. RHINE: Forming in the mountains of southeastern Switzerland, this legendary river flows west, forming Switzerland's northeastern border with Germany, then runs directly north through western Germany forming part of that country's border with France, then finally dissecting the Netherlands and ending in the North Sea. Numerous tributaries and branches run in all directions, and in overall length is (820 miles) (1,319 km). RHONE: Begin high in the Swiss Alps, this fast moving river flows into the eastern end of Lake Geneva, then south through south-eastern France, emptying into the Mediterranean Sea. Small branches run in all directions, and in overall length, it's (300 miles) (485 km). SHANNON: Rising in northwestern Ireland, it flows south through a series of lakes, then turns west to eventually empty into the Atlantic Ocean. It's 230 miles (370 km) in length. TAGUS: The Tagus River rises in the central highlands of Spain, flowing southwest across Portugal, then south to Lisbon and the Atlantic Ocean. It's 626 miles (1,007 km) in length. VOLGA: The Volga is the largest river in European Russia in terms of length, discharge, and watershed. It flows through central Russia, and is widely viewed as the national river of Russia. It's 3,692 km (2,294 mi) long


Geoff Hunt, Jahangir Khan and Ross Norman were the only World Open Champions in the first ten years that the Championships were held, in which sport?

Jahangir Khan : definition of Jahangir Khan and synonyms of Jahangir Khan (English) W (1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1988) Last updated on: September 19, 2010. Jahangir Khan, HI , (born 10 December 1963, in Karachi , Pakistan [1] ) (sometimes spelled "Jehangir Khan") is a former World No. 1 professional squash player from Pakistan, who is considered by many to be the greatest player in the history of the game. [2] [3] [4] Jahangir Khan is an ethnic Pashtun , originally from Neway Kelay, Peshawar . [5] During his career he won the World Open six times and the British Open a record ten times. From 1981 to 1986, he was unbeaten in competitive play. During that time he won 555 games consecutively, the longest winning streak by any athlete in top-level professional sports as recorded by Guinness World Records . [6] He retired as a player in 1993, and has served as President of the World Squash Federation since 2002. Contents 7 External links   Playing career Jahangir was coached initially by his father, Roshan , the 1957 British Open champion, then by his late brother Torsam . After his brother's sudden death he was coached by his cousin Rehmat Khan , who guided Jahangir through most of his career. Jahangir was a sickly child and physically very weak. Though the doctors had advised him not to take part in any sort of physical activity, after undergoing a couple of hernia operations his father let him play and try out their family game. In 1979, the Pakistan selectors decided not to select Jahangir to play in the world championships in Australia , judging him too weak from a recent illness. Jahangir decided instead to enter the World Amateur Individual Championship and, at the age of 15, became the youngest-ever winner of that event. In November 1979, Jahangir's older brother Torsam, who had been one of the leading international squash players in the 1970s, died suddenly of a heart attack during a tournament match in Australia. Torsam's death profoundly affected Jahangir. He considered quitting the game, but decided to pursue a career in the sport as a tribute to his brother.   Five-year unbeaten run In 1981, when he was 17, Jahangir became the youngest winner of the World Open, beating Australia's Geoff Hunt (the game's dominant player in the late-1970s) in the final. That tournament marked the start of an unbeaten run which lasted for five years and 555 matches. The hallmark of his play was his incredible fitness and stamina, which Rehmat Khan helped him build-up through a punishing training and conditioning regime. Jahangir was quite simply the fittest player in the game, and would wear his opponents down through long rallies played at a furious pace. In 1982, Jahangir astonished everyone by winning the International Squash Players Association Championship without losing a single point. The unbeaten run finally came to end in the final of the World Open in 1986 in Toulouse , France, when Jahangir lost to New Zealand's Ross Norman . Norman had been in pursuit of Jahangir's unbeaten streak, being beaten time and time again. "One day Jahangir will be slightly off his game and I will get him", he vowed for five years. Speaking about his unbeaten streak, Jahangir said: "It wasn't my plan to create such a record. All I did was put in the effort to win every match I played and it went on for weeks, months and years until my defeat to Ross Norman in Toulouse in 1986." "The pressure began to mount as I kept winning every time and people were anxious to see if I could be beaten. In that World Open final, Ross got me. It was exactly five years and eight months. I was unbeaten for another nine months after that defeat."   Success in the hardball game With his dominance over the international squash game in the first half of the 1980s secure, Jahangir decided to test his ability on the North American hardball squash circuit in 1983–1986. (Hardball squash is a North American variant of the game, played on smaller courts with a faster-moving ball.) Jahangir played in 13 top-level hardball tournaments during this period, winning 12 of them


"How many adjectives are there in the following sentence: ""The tall old man in a smart black suit hit the little green car with a long red stick""?"

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Leonardo di Caprio played multi-millionaire Howard Hughes in which film?

The Aviator (2004) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error A biopic depicting the early years of legendary director and aviator Howard Hughes ' career from the late 1920s to the mid-1940s. Director: From $7.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 25 titles created 17 Mar 2011 a list of 47 titles created 20 Feb 2012 a list of 28 titles created 16 May 2012 a list of 38 titles created 09 Sep 2013 a list of 41 titles created 15 Jun 2014 Search for " The Aviator " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won     5     Oscars. Another    74 wins & 119 nominations. See more awards  » Videos In 1863, Amsterdam Vallon returns to the Five Points area of New York City seeking revenge against Bill the Butcher, his father's killer. Director: Martin Scorsese A fisherman, a smuggler, and a syndicate of businessmen match wits over the possession of a priceless diamond. Director: Edward Zwick A writer and wall street trader, Nick, finds himself drawn to the past and lifestyle of his millionaire neighbor, Jay Gatsby. Director: Baz Luhrmann Twenty-something Richard travels to Thailand and finds himself in possession of a strange map. Rumours state that it leads to a solitary beach paradise, a tropical bliss - excited and intrigued, he sets out to find it. Director: Danny Boyle A CIA agent on the ground in Jordan hunts down a powerful terrorist leader while being caught between the unclear intentions of his American supervisors and Jordan Intelligence. Director: Ridley Scott The cruel King Louis XIV of France has a secret twin brother who he keeps imprisoned. Can the twin be substituted for the real king? Director: Randall Wallace A young couple living in a Connecticut suburb during the mid-1950s struggle to come to terms with their personal problems while trying to raise their two children. Director: Sam Mendes Shakespeare's famous play is updated to the hip modern suburb of Verona still retaining its original dialogue. Director: Baz Luhrmann J. Edgar Hoover, powerful head of the F.B.I. for nearly 50 years, looks back on his professional and personal life. Director: Clint Eastwood     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.7/10 X   The story of the life and career of the legendary rhythm and blues musician Ray Charles , from his humble beginnings in the South, where he went blind at age seven, to his meteoric rise to stardom during the 1950s and 1960s. Director: Taylor Hackford The true story of Frank Abagnale Jr. who, before his 19th birthday, successfully conned millions of dollars' worth of checks as a Pan Am pilot, doctor, and legal prosecutor. Director: Steven Spielberg Two documentary filmmakers chronicle their time in Sonagchi, Calcutta and the relationships they developed with children of prostitutes who work the city's notorious red light district. Directors: Zana Briski, Ross Kauffman Stars: Kochi, Avijit Halder, Shanti Das Edit Storyline Biopic of billionaire Howard Hughes , starting with his early filmmaking years as owner of RKO studios but mostly focusing on his role in designing and promoting new aircraft. Hughes was a risk-taker spending several fortunes on designing experimental aircraft and eventually founding TWA as a rival to Pan AM airlines owned by his great rival Juan Trippe. When Trippe's politico Senator Ralph Owen Brewster accuses Hughes of being a war profiteer, it's Hughes who gains the upper hand. Hughes also had many women in his life including a long relationship with actress Katharine Hepburn . From an early age however, Hughes was also germophobic and would have severe bouts of mental illness. Written by garykmcd Kate Beckinsale as Ava Gardner the passion he couldn't resist. See more  » Genres: Rated PG-13 for thematic elements, sexual content, nudity, language and a crash sequence | See all certificat