"The title of which book comes from a dialogue within where the character Atticus warns his children that, although they can ""shoot all the blue jays they want,"" they must remember that ""it's a sin to do this""?"

Free To Kill a Mockingbird Essays and Papers Color Rating   Racism in To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee - “To Kill A Mockingbird” is marvelous and unforgettable novel. Not only show how dramatic, sad in and old town – Maycomb be like, but through her unique writings, some big conflicts about politics and critical is going on through this tired old Southern town. Not just in general like education, friendship, neighbors but also pacific in individuals like family and the people’s characteristics themselves. In one book yet can covered with such many problems, Harper Lee must have been experienced a lot and deeply understanding that time....   [tags: To Kill A Mockingbird] :: 1 Works Cited [preview] Use of Symbols in To Kill a Mockingbird - To Kill a Mockingbird was written by Harper Lee, the novel was published in 1960. The novel was written in a time of racial inequality in the United States. To Kill a Mockingbird is told in the perspective of a young girl named Scout, in the late 1920s and early 1930s, who is naïve and innocent. Scout matures throughout the novel through her father, Atticus, and she becomes more aware of the prejudice in Maycomb County. When Atticus loses his case, Scout and her brother, Jem, learn that blacks cannot have a fair trial, but their new found maturity has taught them not assume someone’s character without knowing them first, such as with Boo Radley....   [tags: Symbolism in To Kill a Mockingbird] :: 2 Works Cited [preview] The Theme of Racism in To Kill a Mockingbird - One of the widely recognized controversies in American history is the 1930s, which housed the Great Depression and the post-civil war, the ruling of Plessy versus Ferguson and the Jim Crow Laws, and segregation. While textbooks detail the factual aspect of the time there is only one other literature that can exhibit the emotion experienced in the era. To Kill a Mockingbird is the acclaimed novel that displays the experiences of the South, through inequality and segregation, social class differences and the right to fairness....   [tags: To Kill a Mockingbird Essays] :: 4 Works Cited [preview] Characters of To Kill a Mockingbird; Stereotypes or not? - Characters of To Kill a Mockingbird; Stereotypes or not. The characters of Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird are all different in their own ways. Sometimes they can seem like the most infuriating people in the world, but then again they can be helpful, loving, and caring. The citizens of Maycomb County are stereotyped a lot throughout the book. They are labeled as many different things, but some of the things that are said aren’t entirely correct judgments. A lot of people in To Kill a Mockingbird stereotype others by the way they look or talk based on what society considers normal....   [tags: To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee] 595 words [preview] To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee - Sometimes the very most unexpected events that happen in people’s lives are during their childhood and it impacts them for the rest of their lives. The emotion of the event stays with them forever, and it affects them In the future. The emotion by our childhood sometimes gets in our way of making our choices. in the book To Kill a Mockingbird, Helen Keller tells us a story about a five year old girl named Scout dealing with problems during her childhood and how the events that happen to her make her understand what problems that she may have in the future....   [tags: To Kill a Mockingbird Essays] :: 1 Works Cited [preview] To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee - Life Lessons  Throughout their lives, individuals learn many valuable lessons that help them to grow and mature as human beings. This is evident numerous times throughout Harper Lee’s fictional novel To Kill a Mockingbird. Individuals in this novel learn these amazing lessons through Atticus Finch’s extraordinary teachings of morals. Atticus goes on to further teach valuable lessons of courage. Lastly, Atticus continues to teach valuable lessons, about sacrifice. Throughout the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, Atticus Finch is portrayed


Jawaharlal Nehru, the Prime Minister of India spoke with Khrushchev and was partly instrumental in preventing the expulsion of which writer from the Soviet Union after that person won the Nobel Prize for Literature?

IMDb: Most Popular People With Biographies Matching "Stalin" Most Popular People With Biographies Matching "Stalin" 1-50 of 141 names. Tom Hulce Thomas Edward Hulce was born in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Plymouth, MI, where he was raised with his two sisters and older brother. He is the son of Joanna (Winkleman), who had sung professionally, and Raymond Albert Hulce, who worked for Ford. He has English, German, and Irish ancestry. Wanting to be a singer, Tom had to make a switch in plans when his voice began changing. Knowing that if he wanted to be in show business he needed to become an actor, Tom began taking the necessary steps almost immediately. When asked once why he chose acting Tom replied, "Because someone told me I couldn't." It is determination like this that has helped him achieve his respected position in the acting community to this day. Tom set goals early on. Graduating from school at 19 years old, he gave himself a decade to succeed as an actor. Working in Ann Arbor as usher and ticket seller with a small theatrical company was a start. It was around this time he saw the first play and actor that made him realize that acting was "cool." Christopher Walken was in a play in Stratford, Ontario. The performance made quite an impression on Tom. While Mr. and Mrs. Hulce weren't totally sold on the idea of their son becoming a thespian, Tom had determination and headed off for the training he knew he'd need if he was going to achieve his goal. He studied at the North Carolina School of the Arts in Winston-Salem; at Booth Bay Harbor, Maine; Sarasota, Florida; and spent a summer in England before heading off to New York City to try his hand at Broadway. Within a month after his arrival, Tom was chosen to understudy the role being performed by Peter Firth in the Broadway play "Equus." He had originally been hired to play one of the horses but it was decided that his time was better spent learning the understudy role and so he never donned the attire of the horse. Tom had pangs of guilt where this role was concerned. On one hand he wanted the role ... badly. On the other hand he wondered what would happen if Peter left the role; could he fill those shoes? When the time came, nine months after being hired, Tom found out that it was up to him to play the role as his own. He wasn't expected to be another Peter Firth... he had been hired to play the role his way. "... it actually went quite well, " Tom recalled. "I realized I was a different actor and that I would tackle the part in my own way." And tackle it he did! Equus has a few "firsts" for Tom. One, it was his first big role; two, it was his first Broadway role and third, it was his first nude performance. For nine minutes Tom and his costar, Roberta Maxwell, were naked in a scene that seemed impossible for the stage a decade earlier (1960s). In a past interview Tom reflected, "It's so skillfully written and developed that it doesn't seem an unusual thing to do. There's no embarrassment, I just don't think about it at all." During the run of "Equus," Tom turned down a big television offer, to the delight of the director and cast. At that time in Tom's life the stage was all there was, and he was going to do it right! Other plays that followed "Equus" were George S. Kaufman 's "Butter and Egg Man," Arthur Miller 's "Memory of Two Mondays," along with such works as "Julius Caesar," "Romeo and Juliet," Shaw's "Candida," and Chekhov's "The Sea Gull," and, again on Broadway in his Tony nominated role in Aaron Sorkin 's "A Few Good Men." Tom has even directed the off-Broadway musical "Sleep Around Town" at Playwrights Horizon. Back in 1977 Tom landed his first motion picture role in the film about the day James Dean died, September 30, 1955 This was to be the first of a long line of period films. His next was National Lampoon's Animal House . Set in the 1960's, Tom played "Pinto" along with such comedy alumni as'John Belushi', Tim Matheson , and Donald Sutherland . 1984 gave him the role that put him on the map. The title role of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in the


If Maugham's The Moon and Sixpence fictionalizes the life of Paul Gauguin, his novel Cakes and Ale contains characterizations of which English author who never lived in Wessex?

Bookyards.com - The Library To The World | Somerset Maugham - Authors 11 External links Childhood and education Maugham's father was an English lawyer handling the legal affairs of the British embassy in Paris [1] . Since French law declared that all children born on French soil could be conscripted for military service, Robert Ormond Maugham arranged for William to be born at the embassy, saving him from conscription into any future French wars and making it technically true that he was born in Britain [2] . His grandfather, another Robert, had also been a prominent lawyer and cofounder of the English Law Society, [3] and it was taken for granted that William would follow in their footsteps. Events were to ensure this was not to be, but his older brother Frederic Herbert Maugham did enjoy a distinguished legal career, becoming Lord Chancellor between 1938-1939. Maugham's mother Edith Mary (nee Snell) was consumptive, a condition for which the doctors of the time prescribed childbirth. As a result Maugham had three older brothers, already enrolled in boarding school by the time he was three and Maugham was effectively raised as an only child. Sadly, childbirth proved no cure for tuberculosis, and Edith Mary Maugham died at the age of 41, six days after the stillbirth of her final son. The death of his mother left Maugham traumatized for life, and he kept his mother's photograph by his bedside until his own death [4] at the age of 91 in 1965. Two years afterwards Maugham's father died of cancer. Willie was sent back to England to be cared for by his uncle, Henry MacDonald Maugham, the Vicar of Whitstable, in Kent. The move was catastrophic. Henry Maugham proved cold and emotionally cruel. The King's School, Canterbury, where Willie was a boarder during school terms, proved merely another version of purgatory, where he was teased for his bad English (French had been his first language) and his short stature, which he inherited from his father. It is at this time that Maugham developed the stammer that would stay with him all his life, although it was sporadic and subject to mood and circumstance [5] . Life at the vicarage was tame, and emotions were tightly circumscribed. Maugham was forbidden to lose his temper, or to make emotional displays of any kind -- and he was denied the chance to see others express their own emotions. As a quiet, private but very curious child, this denial of the emotion of others was at least as hard on him as the denial of his own emotions. The upshot was that Maugham was miserable, both at the vicarage and at school, where he was bullied because of his small size and his stammer. As a result, he developed a talent for applying a wounding remark to those who displeased him. This ability is sometimes reflected in the characters that populate his writings. At sixteen, Maugham refused to continue at The King's School and his uncle allowed him to travel to Germany, where he studied literature, philosophy and German at Heidelberg University. It was during his year in Heidelberg that he met John Ellingham Brooks, an Englishman ten years his senior, and with whom he had his first sexual experience [6] . On his return to England his uncle found Maugham a position in an accountant's office, but after a month Maugham gave it up and returned to Whitstable. His uncle was not pleased, and set about finding Maugham a new profession. Maugham's father and three older brothers were all distinguished lawyers and Maugham asked to be excused from the duty of following in their footsteps. A career in the church was rejected because a stammering minister might make the family seem ridiculous. Likewise, the civil service was rejected -- not out of consideration for Maugham's own feelings or interests, but because the recent law requiring civil servants to qualify by passing an examination made Maugham's uncle conclude that the civil service was no longer a career for gentlemen. The local doctor suggested the profession of medicine and Maugham's uncle reluctantly approved this. Maugham had been writing steadily since t


What 1889 comic classic that describes a boating holiday on the Thames was initially intended to be a serious travel guide until the humorous elements took over and made the book what it now is?

River Thames | London Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Edit The River Thames is the second longest river in the United Kingdom and the longest river entirely in England, rising at Thames Head in Gloucestershire, and flowing into the North Sea at the Thames Estuary. It has a special significance in flowing through London, the capital of the United Kingdom, although London only touches a short part of its course. The river is tidal in London with a rise and fall of 7 metres (23 ft) and becomes non-tidal at Teddington Lock . The catchment area covers a large part of South Eastern and Western England and the river is fed by over 20 tributaries. The river contains over 80 islands, and having both seawater and freshwater stretches supports a variety of wildlife. The river has supported human activity from its source to its mouth for thousands of years providing habitation, water power, food and drink. It has also acted as a major highway both for international trade through the Port of London, and internally along its length and connecting to the British canal system. The river’s strategic position has seen it at the centre of many events and fashions in British history, earning it a description as “Liquid History”. It has been a physical and political boundary over the centuries and generated a range of river crossings. In more recent time the river has become a major leisure area supporting tourism and pleasure outings as well as the sports of rowing, sailing, skiffing, kayaking, and punting. The river has had a special appeal to writers, artists, musicians and film-makers and is well represented in the arts. It is still the subject of various debates about its course, nomenclature and history. Physical and natural aspects The monument at the official source of the Thames. River Thames Flood Barrier The Thames passes by some of the sights of London, including the Houses of Parliament and the London Eye The Thames has a length of 215 miles (346 km). Its usually quoted source is at Thames Head (at grid reference ST980994), about a mile north of the village of Kemble and near the town of Cirencester, in the Cotswolds. However, Seven Springs near Cheltenham, where the river Churn rises, is also sometimes quoted as the Thames' source, as this location is furthest from the mouth both in distance along its course and as the crow flies and adds some 14 miles (22 km) to the length. The springs at Seven Springs also flow throughout the year, while those at Thames Head are only seasonal. The Thames flows through or alongside Ashton Keynes, Cricklade, Lechlade, Oxford, Abingdon, Wallingford, Goring-on-Thames, Reading, Henley-on-Thames, Marlow, Maidenhead, Windsor, Eton, Staines, Weybridge and Thames Ditton before entering the Greater London area. The present course is the result of several minor redirections of the main channel around Oxford, Abingdon and Maidenhead and more recently the creation of specific cuts to ease navigation. From the outskirts of Greater London, the river passes Hampton Court, Kingston, Teddington, Twickenham, Richmond (with a famous view of the Thames from Richmond Hill), Syon House and Kew before flowing through central London. In central London, the river forms one of the principal axes of the city, from the Palace of Westminster to the Tower of London and was the southern boundary of the mediaeval city, with Southwark on the opposite bank. Once past central London, the river passes between Greenwich and the Isle of Dogs, before flowing through the Thames Barrier, which protects central London from flooding in the event of storm surges. Below the barrier, the river passes Dartford, Tilbury and Gravesend before entering the Thames Estuary near Southend-on-Sea. Catchment area and discharge Edit The river drains a catchment area of 4994|sqmi or 5924 sqmi if the River Medway is included as a tributary. (Dot & Ian Hart (2001–5). The River Thames — Its geology, geography and vital statistics from source to sea . Retrieved November 1, 2005.) The non-tidal section Locks and weirs on the River Thames The Jubilee River


Which well-known short story about time travel by Ray Bradbury is a fictional exploration of the 'butterfly effect' of Chaos theory?

The Butterfly Effect: An Exploration of Chaos Theory Themes within Ray Bradbury’s “A Sound of Thunder” | Richard Howk The Butterfly Effect: An Exploration of Chaos Theory Themes within Ray Bradbury’s “A Sound of Thunder” Posted on 04/14/2010 by Richard Howk When Ray Bradbury first penned his short story “A Sound of Thunder” in 1952, the terms “chaos theory” and “butterfly effect” had yet to be coined.  He knew nothing of the science of nonlinear dynamics, yet he managed to portray its ideology in this futuristic, time-travel odyssey.  In the 1960’s, Edward Lorenz, the father of chaos theory, discovered that the results from his experiments in complex weather systems varied greatly by making infinitesimal changes in the initial data.   This discovery brought about the basic belief of chaos theorists, which is the prevailing theme from “A Sound of Thunder”; small variations in the initial conditions of a dynamical system can produce large variations in the results.   Bradbury presents the basic tenets of this theorem in more detail by giving examples of the how the butterfly effect might take place in this fictional situation, showing that every action has its repercussions, and explaining how the magnitude of the action has no bearing on its eventual impact. The examples from the application of nonlinear dynamics in Bradbury’s story are abundant.  Through the science fiction concept of time-travel, the characters of the short story participate in a hunting safari 65 million years in the past to kill the ultimate target – Tyrannosaurus Rex.  This transport across the timeline gives the author the platform to prove his theorem.  When the main character, a man simply named Eckles, steps from the floating path that protects the fragile, prehistoric environment and crushes a butterfly, Bradbury introduces the stimulus for his experiment.  Upon the characters’ return to the future, we see that this small variation in the initial composition has brought about major changes in the world in which the characters reside.  We see through Eckles’ eyes the differences between what he sees now and the place he just left.  He first notices that the room’s décor has changed, and the air has a different smell to it.  Then, he looks at the sign on the entrance.  Because of his tiny misstep, the whole English language has changed.  The final change we find out about in this new reality is that the beloved new President of the United States, Keith, did not win the election in this version of time, but was defeated by the socialist, Deutscher. From the moment he steps through the front door of Time Safari, Inc., Eckles is told that for every decision he makes there will be a consequence.  The first way this is presented is in the form of a fine.  The safari guide, Travis, tells Eckles that if he disobeys in anyway while on the hunting trip, then he will be faced with a $10,000 fine for his actions.  While $10,000 may not sound like an exorbitant amount of money today for such an egregious offense as interfering with the space-time continuum, that amount would equal roughly $81, 789.06 in 2010 when accounting for inflation.  I believe Bradbury meant for the fine to sound like a stiff penalty when he wrote his piece.  Eckles critical offense occurs when he kills the butterfly, and in the end, Eckels is murdered because he, ironically, failed to learn the simple principle of cause and effect. Bradbury’s assertion that the scale of the stimulus has no bearing on the outcome is put forth very plainly in the choice of creatures offered in the story.  He juxtaposes the gargantuan, terrifying Tyrannosaurus Rex against the miniscule, hapless butterfly, yet it is not the death of the Tyrannosaurus that creates the resultant chaos of the trip back in time.  Instead, it is the end of the butterfly’s life that brings about the alterations in the characters’ world.  The idea is also repeated in Eckles murder at the end of the story.  Because Eckles smashed to butterfly, he was assassinated by Travis, showing that cause is not indicative of effect. “A Soun


The 2000 film Finding Forrester in which Sean Connery plays a reclusive author was loosely based on the life of which person who passed away in 2010?

J D Salinger - The English Literary Canon The English Literary Canon The Canon Portal  >  The Major Canon by Period  >  The Modern 20th C - Under Construction  >  The Americans - under construction  >  J D Salinger Jerome David Salinger (pronounced /ˈsælɪndʒər/, SAL-in-jər; January 1, 1919 – January 27, 2010) was an American author, best known for his 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye, as well as his reclusive nature. His last original published work was in 1965; he gave his last interview in 1980. Raised in Manhattan, Salinger began writing short stories while in secondary school, and published several stories in the early 1940s before serving in World War II. In 1948 he published the critically acclaimed story "A Perfect Day for Bananafish" in The New Yorker magazine, which became home to much of his subsequent work. In 1951 Salinger released his novel The Catcher in the Rye, an immediate popular success. His depiction of adolescent alienation and loss of innocence in the protagonist Holden Caulfield was influential, especially among adolescent readers.[3] The novel remains widely read and controversial,[4] selling around 250,000 copies a year. The success of The Catcher in the Rye led to public attention and scrutiny: Salinger became reclusive, publishing new work less frequently. He followed Catcher with a short story collection, Nine Stories (1953), a collection of a novella and a short story, Franny and Zooey (1961), and a collection of two novellas, Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters and Seymour: An Introduction (1963). His last published work, a novella entitled "Hapworth 16, 1924", appeared in The New Yorker on June 19, 1965. Afterward, Salinger struggled with unwanted attention, including a legal battle in the 1980s with biographer Ian Hamilton and the release in the late 1990s of memoirs written by two people close to him: Joyce Maynard, an ex-lover; and Margaret Salinger, his daughter. In 1996, a small publisher announced a deal with Salinger to publish "Hapworth 16, 1924" in book form, but amid the ensuing publicity, the release was indefinitely delayed [5]. He made headlines around the globe in June 2009, after filing a lawsuit against another writer for copyright infringement resulting from that writer's use of one of Salinger's characters from The Catcher in the Rye.[6] Salinger died of natural causes on January 27, 2010, at his home in Cornish, New Hampshire.[7][8]  Early life Jerome David Salinger was born in Manhattan, New York, on New Year's Day, 1919. His mother, Marie (née Jillich), was of Scots-Irish descent.[3] His father, Sol Salinger, was a Polish Jew who sold kosher cheese. Salinger's mother changed her name to Miriam and passed as Jewish. Salinger did not find out that his mother was not Jewish until just after his bar mitzvah.[9] He had one sibling: his older sister Doris (1911–2001).[10] The young Salinger attended public schools on the West Side of Manhattan, then moved to the private McBurney School for ninth and tenth grade. He acted in several plays and "showed an innate talent for drama", though his father opposed the idea of J.D. becoming an actor.[11] He was happy to get away from his over-protective mother by entering the Valley Forge Military Academy in Wayne, Pennsylvania.[12] Though he had written for the school newspaper at McBurney, at Valley Forge Salinger began writing stories "under the covers [at night], with the aid of a flashlight."[13] He started his freshman year at New York University in 1936, and considered studying special education,[14] but dropped out the following spring. That fall, his father urged him to learn about the meat-importing business and he was sent to work at a company in Vienna, Austria.[15] He left Austria only a month or so before it was annexed by Nazi Germany, on March 12, 1938. He attended Ursinus College in Collegeville, Pennsylvania, for only one semester. In 1939, Salinger attended a Columbia University evening writing class taught by Whit Burnett, longtime editor of Story magazine. According to Burnett, Salinger did not distinguish


Which classic Middle Eastern story of star-crossed lovers is based on the real story of a young man called Qays ibn al-Mullawah and has achieved legendary status in the Islamic world?

+قلم بان| به قلم آنها World writers + +قلم بان| به قلم آنها World writers + نویسنده: انجمن مرده ها - ۱۳٩۳/٢/٢٩ Pîremêrd پیرمرد     Tawfeq Mahmoud Hamza or Piramerd, (Pîremêrd in Kurdish ), (1867-1950), was a Kurdish poet , writer, novelist and journalist. He was born in the Gwêje neighborhood of Sulaimaniya city in Iraq . In 1926 , he became the editor of the Kurdish newspaper Jîyan. He is also credited for the establishment of the first private Kurdish school in Kurdistan called Partukxane i Zanistî (Scientific School).   Life He studied Arabic and Islamic Fiqh in Sulaimaniya, and Baneh in Iran . From 1882 to 1895, he worked as an employee for different local government offices in Sulaimaniya, Halabja , Sharbazher (Şarbajêr). In 1898, he was invited by the Ottoman Sultan Abd-ul-Hamid II to Istanbul where he stayed for one year. Then he went to Hajj pilgrimage and he was also given the title of Bey by the Sultan. After this, his title became Haji Tawfeq Bey. He met Wafaei , Kurdish poet, during the pilgrimage. In 1899, he was appointed as a member of the High Majlis of Istanbul. Within the same period, he was admitted to the faculty of law in Istanbul . In 1907, he became a member of the Kurdish organization Komela Kurd in Istanbul. From 1909 to 1923, he served as the governor of several districts in Turkey and Kurdistan , among them Hakkari ( Kurdish : Çolemêrg), Qeremursil, Balawa, Beytüşşebap (in Şırnak Province ), Gumuskoy, Adapazarı and Amasya . In 1925, he returned to Sulaimaniya via Baghdad . In 1926, he became the editor of the Kurdish newspaper Jîyan and in 1932 he was promoted to the post of Manager. In 1938, he changed the name of the newspaper to Jîn, and continued publishing it until 1950. He is also credited for the establishment of the first private Kurdish school in Kurdistan called Qutabxaney Zanistî (Scientific School).  Literary works Encamî Pîyawî Bengkêş (The fate of an addict), short story, Gelawêj Journal, 1941. Zoremilî Milşikanî le dûwaye (Aggression leads to defeat), short story, Gelawêj Journal, 1942. Felsefey Kiçe Kurdêk (The philosophy of a Kurdish girl), short story, Gelawêj Journal, 1942. Xiramî, Kay kon, short story, Jîyan newspaper, no.483, 1936. Galte û Gep, A collection of Kurdish Folklore, 1947 The Story of the Twelve Knights of Mariwan, 1935   افسانه و قصه و حکایت و... نویسنده: انجمن مرده ها - ۱۳٩۳/٢/٢٩  چند کتاب مختصر برای مثال حاوی چند صد افسانه از میان کتابهای متعدد درباره ی افسانه ها  قصه ها و حکایات و ضرب المثل ها و...این تبار که البته اینها نمونه های کوچک و اندک و مختصری اند و همچون پژوهش های اندک دیگر. کتاب افسانه های کوردیش:مارگاریتا باریسوونا رودنکو |||||||||||||||||| این تک کتاب به غیر از کار سترگ 18 جلدی افسانه های ایرانی اثر ایشان است.  |||||||||||||||||||||| اردیشانه سسیل و سسیله سسیل درمیانسالهای 1952 تا 1982 انبوهه ای کلان ازافسانه های مردم کردتبارارمنستان و گرجستان،آذربایجانشوروی،سوریه و عراق و ترکیه را گرداوری کردند و درسال 1989 درمسکو بیرون دادند.ویلاند اشن هاگن،پاره ای از افسانه های آنان راگلچین کرد و برای برگردان به اولریکه رایفرت سپرد.کتاب کنونی درسال 1993 به دست اووت زاندر روگرهارد گروس درفرانکفورت بیرون آمد.این متن برگردان آن نشر.  |||||||||||||||||| افسانه هایی از ده نشینان کوردیش،منصور یاقوتی  ............................... Books about the legends of the kurdish People   نویسنده: انجمن مرده ها - ۱۳٩۳/٢/٢٩ İdris-i Bitlisî Siyasetçi Idris Bitlisi  ( c.  1455 – 15 November 1520), sometimes spelled Idris Bidlisi, Idris-i Bitlisi, or Idris-i Bidlisi("Idris of  Bitlis "), and fully Mevlana Hakimeddin İdris Mevlana Hüsameddin Ali-ül Bitlisi, was an Ottoman   Kurdish  religious scholar and administrator from Bitlis (in modern  Turkey ). [1]  There is some controversy about his actual place of birth possibly having been around Diyarbekir (modern Diyarbakır ). Biography Bitlisi's father, Mevlana Şeyh Hüsameddin Ali-ül Bitlisi, was a well known religious scholar who was a follower of Seyyid Mehmed Nur and the founder of the Nurbahçi sect after his death. Like his father, Idris Bitlisi began his career in the  Akkoyunlu  court, in the service of Yakup Bey, son of Uzun Ha


Which 1903 book by Erskine Childers that is still enjoyed for its accurate portrayal of inland sailing was credited by Winston Churchill as a major reason for the establishment of naval bases in the UK?

Book List – ozebook.com A Visit to Three Fronts - Arthur Conan Doyle A visit to the British, French and Italian lines in WW1 Price: $1.00Price: $4.99  The Dardanelles - Their Significance and Their Story in the Great Wa A book by EC Buley which describes the long and fascinating history of the Dardanelles (Hellespont) putting into context the campaign of 1915. Covers the attempt to force a passage through the straits and the landings at Cape Helles and ANZAC. A very popular account at the time but now very hard to find. Includes several interesting plates of the Castle at Sedd-ul-Bahr and maps. A must have for the Gallipoli collection. Price: $2.00Price: $12.99  Australian Campaigns in the Great War Australian Campaigns in the Great War being a concise history of the Australian Naval and Military Forces 1914 to 1918 by Lt the Hon. Staniforth Smith - with a preface by Ernest Scott. (160MB download). Includes 5 maps of Gallipoli, Western Front and Palestine campaigns and 16 illustrations. 206pp. Price: $5.00 How Australia took German New Guinea - An Illustrated Record of the Australian Naval & Military Expedition Force, Sydney, 1915. How Australia took German New Guinea - An Illustrated Record of the Australian Naval & Military Expedition Force, Sydney, 1915.:by Frederick Spencer Burnell. (36MB download). A pictorial essay published shortly after the capture of German New Guinea - 85pp, primarily photographs of the expeditionary force and campaign to take Rabaul. Includes Official History of the Campaign. Price: $5.00 Gift! Gift! - Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 12 - Poison! Poison! (1941) - 36 pages - illustrated with pictures of the propaganda war from a German perspective. (5.3MB download). Price: $1.00 Wir von der Westfront - Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 1 - On the Western Front (1940) Wir vonder Westfront - Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 1 - On the Western Front (1940) 36 pages - illustrated with pictures of the assault in the West from a German perspective. (5MB download). Price: $1.00 Drauf und Dran - Unser Luftwaffe am Fiend - Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 2 - On the Edge - Our Luftwaffe vs the Enemy (1940) Drauf und Dran - Unser Luftwaffe am Fiend - Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 2 - On the Edge - Our Luftwaffe vs the Enemy (1940) 36 pages - illustrated with pictures of the air assault in the West from a German perspective. (5.5MB download). Price: $1.00 10 Stunden Schneller! - Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 3 - 10 Hours Quicker (1940) 10 Stunden Schneller! - Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 3 - 10 Hours Quicker (1940) 36 pages - illustrated with pictures of the Invasion of Norway from a German perspective. (27MB download). The title reflects the German claim that they acted 10 hours before the British would have landed troops in Norway. Price: $1.00 Im Auf Marsch überrannt - Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 11 - Fighting Against the Soviets (1941) Im Auf Marsch überrannt - Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 11 - Fighting Against the Soviets (1941) 36 pages - illustrated with pictures of the Battle for Russia from a German perspective. (18MB download) Price: $0.99 Gegen England in NordAfrika!” Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 10 - Fighting England in North Africa! (1941) Gegen England in NordAfrika!” Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 10 - Fighting England in North Africa! (1941) 36 pages - illustrated with pictures of the Battle for North Africa from a German perspective. (14MB download) Price: $0.99 “Bombs over England.” Luftwaffe attacks on England.. Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 8 - Bomben auf England (1940) “Bombs over England.” Luftwaffe attacks on England.. Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 8 - Bomben auf England (1940) 36 pages - illustrated with pictures of the Battle of Britain from a German perspective. (3.7MB download) Price: $0.99 Attacking the Enemy! Stories about our navy.. Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 7 - Ran an den Fiend (1940) Attacking the Enemy! Stories about our navy.. Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 7 - Ran an den Fiend (1940) 36 pages - illustrated with pictures of the German Navy at war. (4.7MB download) Price: $0.99 Siegeszug durch Frankreich. Kleine Kriegshefte Nr. 5/6 - Triumph in France (1940)


In Dante's Divine Comedy, if Hell is divided into 9 circles and Paradise into 9 spheres, what is divided into 7 terraces?

Dante’s Divine Comedy – symbolism and archetypes |                  stOttilien Dante’s Divine Comedy – symbolism and archetypes Posted on by fallenAngel Leave a comment Dante is not just any poet. With his epic poem “Commedia”, in English “Divine Comedy” he created an Italian cultural Monument, a journey through Hell, Purgatory and Paradise full of symbols, archetypes, historical and allegorical references. The article wants to revisit the work of Poet Dante Alighieri from a Jungian view in the light of 2015. Synopsis Dante’s Commedia was written from 1307 to 1321 and is the most famous Otherworld journey of world literature. Accompanied by Virgil, the poet passes through the Gates of Hell to the icy center of the earth, and from there to the paradise flying high with his beloved Beatrice. On the way, he meets almost six hundred celebrities from politics, literature and mythology for their salvation, repent of their sins, who tell the poet of their life. It was a longitudinal study of the Western World at that time. See above a short powerpoint as an introduction if you are in the visuals or not sure to where this article will lead: Dante in a hurry. Is Dante meaningful today? My answer is yes. Yes, period. Not only, because i every time you go in a museum, you will find pictures representations of Dane’s allegories and poems. Like Dante sensed a big transition. our world seemingly falls apart.  We all know, that transcendental illiterates try to create a paradise on earth, but achieved hell. Jihadists have created hell on earth to get into their paradise. Dantes Inferno Lust Could it be, that one or more of Dante’s circles is as subversive today as it was then?  As a reader of my blog might expect, I am interested in Dante’s reflection in art and society and last but not least of his concept of evil, since the 34th song of his journey inspects Lucifer himself.  Literal and historical: around 600 real people mentioned pointing out the disconnect between medieval and classical practice  Allegorical: archetypal representative of Dante’s belief system and values Moral: makes points about morality where the big questions in the Divine Comedy are: What is man? Why does he act as he does? What is Good and what is Evil? When it so often looks like “The Good loses,” why should anyone be good? Warning – reading Dante might be harmful True and False – Right or wrong – good or evil – black or white The great works of world literature, Antigone, Hamlet, Faust, torture not only students’ hearts but all hide an eternal sting. This warning upfront, it is not to harmless to engage with Dante. Next to the Bible is the ‘Divine Comedy’ the most commented book in World literature. The phenomenon is even more amazing, because Dante is the most difficult, least accessible poet of world literature. Dante combines the whole scholarly tradition of the Latin Middle Ages and asks of his readers to have this knowledge or debark, before the ship leaves the safe shore: O voi che siete in piccioletta barca, desiderosi d’ascoltar, seguìti dietro al mio legno che cantando varca tornate a riveder li vostri liti: non vi mettete in pelago; chè forse perdendo me, rimarreste smarriti. The human rights organization “Gherush92” has claimed some chants of “Commedia” are full of racist, anti-Semitic and Islamophobic stereotypes and by the way, I add not even equal opportunity – fewer women suffer in hell. For the contemporary reader it is, however, not only the scholarly high sea of political correctness, in which they could get  lost. Further difficulties are added: spatial, temporal, and formal ones. Spatial context We must see the world through the eyes of Dante. The world view of Dante in the first two decades of the 14th century, his image of the earth and the structure of the three kingdoms   corresponds to the Ptolemaic system, unchallenged until Copernicus three hundred years later. This makes up the basis of Dante’s astronomy, described by his prose ‘Convivio’ Dante’s heavenly scheme Comedy’s geography Claudius Ptolemy concluded in the


In the Indiana Jones series of novels, Indiana loses his virginity to which real life spy?

Indiana Jones : definition of Indiana Jones and synonyms of Indiana Jones (English) Jones is most famously played by Harrison Ford and has also been portrayed by River Phoenix (as the young Jones in The Last Crusade), and in the television series The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles by Corey Carrier , Sean Patrick Flanery , and George Hall . Doug Lee has supplied Jones's voice to two LucasArts video games, Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis and Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine , while David Esch supplied his voice to Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb and John Armstrong in Indiana Jones and the Staff of Kings [13] . Particularly notable facets of the character include his iconic look ( bullwhip , fedora , and leather jacket ), sense of humor, deep knowledge of many ancient civilizations and languages, and fear of snakes . Indiana Jones remains one of cinema's most revered movie characters. In 2003, he was ranked as the second greatest movie hero of all time by the American Film Institute . [14] He was also named the 6th Greatest Movie Character by Empire magazine. [15] Entertainment Weekly ranked Indy 2nd on their list of The All-Time Coolest Heroes in Pop Culture. [16] Premiere magazine also placed Indy at number 7 on their list of The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time. [17] Since his first appearance in Raiders of the Lost Ark, he has become a worldwide star. On their list of the 100 Greatest Fictional Characters, Fandomania.com ranked Indy at number 10. [18] In 2010, he ranked #2 on Time Magazine's list of The Greatest Fictional Characters of All Time, surpassed only by Sherlock Holmes .[ citation needed ] Contents   Appearances   Young Indiana Jones in The Last Crusade Indiana Jones is from Princeton, NJ and was first introduced in the 1981 film Raiders of the Lost Ark , set in 1936. The character is presented as an adventurer reminiscent of the 1930s film serial treasure hunters and pulp action heroes, whose research is funded by Marshall College (named after producer Frank Marshall) [19] a fictional college in Connecticut, where he is a professor of archaeology. In this first adventure, he is pitted against the Nazis , traveling the world to prevent them from recovering the Ark of the Covenant (see also Biblical archaeology ). He is aided by Marion Ravenwood and Sallah . The Nazis are led by Jones's archrival , a Nazi-sympathizing French archaeologist named René Belloq, and Arnold Toht, a sinister Gestapo agent. The 1984 prequel , Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom , set in 1935, took the character into a more horror-oriented story, skipping his legitimate teaching job and globe trotting, and taking place almost entirely in India . This time, Jones attempts to recover children and the Sankara stones from the bloodthirsty Thuggee cult. He is aided by Short Round and accompanied by Willie Scott (Kate Capshaw). The third film, 1989's Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade , set in 1938, returned to the formula of the original, reintroducing characters such as Sallah and Marcus Brody , a scene from Professor Jones's classroom (he now teaches at Barnett College ), the globe trotting element of multiple locations, and the return of the infamous Nazi mystics , this time trying to find the Holy Grail . The film's introduction, set in 1912, provided some back story to the character, specifically the origin of his fear of snakes, his use of a bullwhip , the scar on his chin, and his hat ; the film's epilogue also reveals that "Indiana" is not Jones's first name, but a nickname he took from the family dog. The film was a buddy movie of sorts, teaming Jones with his father , often to comical effect. Although Lucas intended at the time to do five films, this ended up being the last for over eighteen years, as Lucas could not think of a good plot element to drive the next installment. [20] The 2008 film, Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull , became the latest film in the series. Set in 1957, 19 years after the third film, it pits an older, wiser Indiana Jones against Soviet agents bent on harnessin


"After William Shakespeare, who is the most frequently quoted writer in the English language with phrases like ""Theirs not to reason why,/Theirs but to do and die""?"

Greatest English Language Poets - Top Ten List - TheTopTens® Greatest English Language Poets The Top Ten 1 William Shakespeare William Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright, and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. The really surprising thing is how close number 2 is here... A bit of desperate pleading from the Scottish Nationalists? Goes without saying surely - what more is there to say? The rest is silence... Was a walking example of Pure genius Shakespeare stands alone. After him a list begins. 2 Robert Burns V 1 Comment 3 William Wordsworth William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 – 23 April 1850) was a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their joint publication Lyrical Ballads (1798). Great poet. I have read several poems written by him. Including the daffodils&the solitary reaper. He is the greatest poet of nature. Poet of nature who left tremendous mark on English literate his Deffodills was a landmark in the literary figures V 1 Comment 4 Milton My wife and I had an outstanding Milton scholar as a professor in college. He started out the course by acknowledging that most people consider Shakespeare, Milton and Chaucer as the greatest writers in the English language. By the end of the course, he said he hoped we might consider Milton THE greatest of the three. And, by the end of Paradise Lost, we were convinced. - dawntreader Paradise Lost is the single, most essential poem in the English language. Milton (more than Shakespeare, even) establishes the very idea of what it means to be a serious poet in the modern world. The greatest English poet after Shakespeare is Milton for sure. Paradise Lost says it all. 5 Emily Dickinson Emily Elizabeth Dickinson (December 10, 1830 – May 15, 1886) was an American poet . Dickinson was born in Amherst, Massachusetts . ... read more . Amazing concision. Cognitively complex and methodologically innovative. Her work remains fresh. Just reading the poems, with no other information, it'd be difficult to place them in a particular time. Most of the poems are not difficult. Many that are difficult will usually reward the additional effort. Best poet ever! She should be in the top five! 6 Gerard Manley Hopkins His poetry is almost incomparable... I haven't met another who uses words and sound to their fullest possibility as this man does. 7 Walt Whitman Walter "Walt" Whitman (May 31, 1819 – March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist and journalist. A humanist, he was a part of the transition between transcendentalism and realism, incorporating both views in his works. Whitman is among the most influential poets in the American canon, often called ... read more . I experience as deep a spiritual connection reading Whitman aloud as I have with any poet I've encountered so far. The last of the ecstatics. No one like him--before or since. Free verse, say what's on your mind! V 1 Comment 8 T. S. Eliot Thomas Stearns Eliot, OM, (26 September 1888 – 4 January 1965) was an American-born British essayist, publisher, playwright, literary and social critic, and one of the 20th century's major poets. "As things are, and as fundamentally they must always be, poetry is not a career, but a mug's game. No honest poet can ever feel quite sure of the permanent value of what he has written: He may have wasted his time and messed up his life for nothing. " Gotta be in the top 10 as the best American and British poet of the last century T.S. Eliot may have not published most of his poems, but he made sure that every poem he published was pure poetic heroine. With a talent that could move the century, it's quite obvious that he had to be in the pantheon of great poets. A Sublime Genius. Spenser is the most beautiful English poet. His Epithalamion is the loveliest poem in the language. 10 Shelley I loved his poems as a teenager and their music has never really left me. Another one who died too young. I think the English still have not forgiven Shelle


"In the days of Haroun al-Rashid, Caliph of Baghdad, a poor porter pauses to rest on a bench outside the gate of a rich merchant's house, where he complains to Allah about the injustice of a world which allows the rich to live in ease while he must toil and yet remain poor. The owner of the house hears this, and sends for the porter, and it is found they are both named ___. The rich ___ tells the poor ___ that he became wealthy, ""by Fortune and Fate,"" the details of which he will now proceed to relate. What magnificent adventures follow?"

One Thousand and One Nights [Article] - Documents Documents Share One Thousand and One Nights [Article] Embed
  One Thousand and One Nights [Article]
 size(px) One Thousand and One Nights [Article] by prajwalraov2146 Download One Thousand and One Nights [Article] Transcript One Thousand and One Nights PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Wed, 10 Nov 2010 06:21:59 UTC  Contents Articles Overview One Thousand and One Nights New Arabian Nights Arabian Nights and Days 1 1 21 23 24 24 40 46 48 51 56 60 60 61 67 69 75 75 76 78 85 87 88 88 90 104 107 108 109 Stories and characters Stories Characters Scheherazade Abu Nuwas Aladdin Ali Baba Al-Mustazi Badoura Harun al-Rashid Ja'far Khosrau Mustensir Billah Old Man of the Sea Shirin the Armenian Sinbad the Sailor Widow Twankey The Fisherman and the Jinni Famous translators Antoine Galland Richard Francis Burton Edward William Lane Joseph Charles Mardrus John Payne Gustav Weil References Article Sources and Contributors 111  Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 114 Article Licenses License 115  1 Overview One Thousand and One Nights One Thousand and One Nights (Arabic: ةليلو ةليل فلأ باتك Kitāb 'alf layla wa-layla; Persian:  بش کی و رازهHezār-o yek šab) is a collection of Middle Eastern and South Asian stories and folk tales compiled in Arabic during the Islamic Golden Age. It is often known in English as the Arabian Nights, from the first English language edition (1706), which rendered the title as The Arabian Nights' Entertainment.[1] The work as we have it was collected over many centuries by various authors, translators and scholars across the Middle East and North Africa. The tales themselves trace their roots back to ancient and medieval Arabic, Persian, Indian, Egyptian and Mesopotamian folklore and literature. In particular, many tales were originally folk stories from the Caliphate era, while others, especially Queen Scheherazade tells her stories the frame story, are most probably drawn from the Pahlavi Persian work Hezār to King Shahryār. Afsān (Persian:  ,ناسفا رازهlit. A Thousand Tales) which in turn relied partly on Indian elements.[2] Though the oldest Arabic manuscript dates from the 14th century, scholarship generally dates the collection's genesis to around the 9th century. What is common throughout all the editions of the Nights is the initial frame story of the ruler Shahryar (from Persian:  ,رايرهشmeaning "king" or "sovereign") and his wife Scheherazade (from Persian:  ,هدازرهشpossibly meaning "of noble lineage"[3] ) and the framing device incorporated throughout the tales themselves. The stories proceed from this original tale; some are framed within other tales, while others begin and end of their own accord. Some editions contain only a few hundred nights, while others include 1,001 or more. Some of the best-known stories of The Nights, particularly "Aladdin's Wonderful Lamp", "Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves" and "The Seven Voyages of Sinbad the Sailor", while almost certainly genuine Middle-Eastern folk tales, were not part of The Nights in Arabic versions, but were interpolated into the collection by Antoine Galland and other European translators.[4]  One Thousand and One Nights 2 Synopsis The main frame story concerns a Persian king and his new bride. He is shocked to discover that his brother's wife is unfaithful; discovering his own wife's infidelity has been even more flagrant, he has her executed: but in his bitterness and grief decides that all women are the same. The king, Sh


Karataka and Damanaka are the names of two jackals that are retainers to a lion king. Their lively adventures as well as the stories they tell one another make up nearly half of which classic ancient Sanskrit work?

Panchatantra - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Panchatantra This article is written like a personal reflection or essay and may require cleanup . Please help improve it by rewriting it in an encyclopedic style . (March 2009) The Panchatantra [1] [2] [3] [4] ( IAST : Pañcatantra, Sanskrit : पञ्चतन्त्र, 'Five Principles') was originally a canonical collection of Sanskrit (Hindu) as well as Pali (Buddhist) animal fables in verse and prose. The original Sanskrit text, now long lost, and which some scholars believe was composed in the 3rd century BCE, [5] is attributed to Vishnu Sarma . However, based as it is on older oral traditions, its antecedents among storytellers probably hark back to the origins of language and the subcontinent's earliest social groupings of hunting and fishing folk gathered around campfires. [6] It is "certainly the most frequently translated literary product of India" and there are over 200 versions in more than 50 languages. [7] Versions of it have also been known as the Tantrākhyāyikā [8] ( Sanskrit : तन्त्राख्यायिका) and in other cultures as Kalīleh o Demneh ( Persian : کلیله و دمنه) or Anvār-e Soheylī [9] [10] [11] ( Persian : انوار سهیلی, 'The Lights of Canopus ') or Kalilag and Damnag [12] ( Syriac ) or Kalīlah wa Dimnah [13] ( Arabic : كليلة و دمنة) or Kalila and Dimna [14] (English, 2008) or The Fables of Bidpai [15] [16] (or Pilpai, in various European languages) or The Morall Philosophie of Doni (English, 1570) A page from Kelileh o Demneh dated 1429, from Herat , a Persian translation of the Panchatantra derived from the Arabic version — Kalila wa Dimna — depicts the manipulative jackal-vizier, Dimna, trying to lead his lion-king into war. Contents 16 External links [ edit ] Origins, content and function A page from the Arabic version of Kalila wa dimna dated 1210 CE illustrating the King of the Crows conferring with his political advisors A Panchatantra relief at the Mendut temple, Central Java , Indonesia . The work is an ancient and vigorous multicultural hybrid that to this day continues an erratic process of cross-border mutation and adaptation as modern writers and publishers struggle to fathom, simplify and re-brand its complex origins. [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] In the Indian tradition, the Panchatantra is a nītiśāstra, a treatise on political science and human conduct, or nīti. One of the early Western scholars on the Panchatantra was Dr. Johannes Hertel, who viewed the book as having a Machiavellian character. Other scholars dismiss this assessment as one-sided, and even view the stories as teaching dharma, or proper moral conduct. [26] It illustrates, for the benefit of princes who may succeed to a throne, the central Hindu principles of Raja niti ( political science ) through an inter-woven series of colorful animal tales. These operate like a succession of Russian dolls , one narrative opening within another , sometimes three or four deep, and then unexpectedly snapping shut in irregular rhythms[ clarification needed ] to sustain attention. [27] It consists of five books, which are called: Mitra Bhedha (The Loss of Friends) Mitra Laabha, also called Mitra Samprāpti (Gaining Friends) Kākolūkīyam (Crows and Owls) Labdhapraṇāśam (Loss Of Gains) Aparīkṣitakārakaṃ (Ill-Considered Action / Rash deeds) Each distinct part of the book contains (as Professor Edgerton noted in 1924) "at least one story, and usually more, which are 'emboxed' in the main story, called the ' frame-story '. Sometimes there is a double emboxment; another story is inserted in an 'emboxed' story. Moreover, the [whole] work begins with a brief introduction, which as in a frame all five . . . [parts] are regarded as 'emboxed'". Vishnu Sarma 's idea was that humans can assimilate more about their own habitually unflattering behavior if it is disguised in terms of entertainingly configured stories about supposedly less illustrious beasts than themselves. [28] Another observation that Professor Edgerton makes challenges our persistent assumption that animal fables function mainly as adjuncts to r


"Ships of what cruise line use the tune of ""When You Wish upon a Star"" from Pinnochio as the melody of their horns?"

Disney Cruise Lines Horn Blowing - YouTube Disney Cruise Lines Horn Blowing Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Jan 9, 2007 This is a video I shot of Disney Cruise lines leaving Port Canaveral. This is a good video because you can really hear the "When you wish upon a Star" Horn. Category


Whose March 31, 1994 appearance on Late Show with David Letterman resulted in the episode becoming the most censored in American network television talk-show history for obvious reasons?

DDY's Late Show with David Letterman Fan Page | Late Show Episode Guide 1/02/08 [2842]: FIRST NEW EPISODE IN TWO MONTHS / WRITERS GUILD OF AMERICA STRIKE CONTINUES cold open: Hillary Clinton (who is in Iowa) says, "Dave has been off the air for eight long weeks because of the writers' strike. Tonight, he's back. Oh, well, all good things come to an end." ••• Dave's welcomed onstage by Rockette-style dancers with WGA picket signs. ••• Biff interrupts the end of the monologue to ask Dave when the writers are coming back. He starts giggling when Dave informs him that the writers are back. ••• desk chat: stories about time off, lots of time with the family and strike stories ••• "Writers Strike Questions and Answers" / 1. Ron Butler from Manhattan asks about picketers. 2. Lisa Ream from New York State asks about the terms of the interim agreement with the WGA. "Jim Jackoway" (entertainment attorney) looks clueless and sprints out. 3. Walter Kim, as Scott Iha of Lake Tahoe, California, wonders if big media companies used violence. / Alan Kalter gets a beating from the guy who beats up Alan. (Alan owes some bad people money.) 4. Patricia Scalise wonders how writers kept warm while picketing. / "Layering and L. L. Bean® electric underpants." / Bill Scheft interrupts to give a speech. Michael Z. McIntee says "brought to you by the WGA." ••• desk chat: Dave says he's told he looks like Kenny Rogers. ••• Top Ten Demands of the Striking Writers (presented by writers): 10. Tim Carvell from The Daily Show with Jon Stewart 9. Laura Krafft from The Colbert Report 8. Melissa Salmons from soap operas 7. Warren Leight from Law & Order: Criminal Intent 6. Jay Katsir from The Colbert Report 5. Steve Bodow from The Daily Show with Jon Stewart 4. Nora Ephron, famous writer and director 3. Gina Gianfrido from Law & Order 2. Chris Albers from Late Night with Conan O'Brien (formerly with LNDL) 1. Alan Zweibel, award-winning author ••• Robin Williams ••• Hal's in the control room for "Hal Gurnee's Network Time Killers." / Our entertainers are Angelo and Una performing the "Dance of the Boleadoras" (along with Anna Jack on hula hoops and Kiva Kahl on grinder). ••• Act 5: dancers in the green room ••• "Know Your Staff" (tonight: Associate Producer Nancy Agostini sits down for an interview.) ••• Lupe Fiasco (and guest Matt Santos) sing. 1/03/08 [2843]: monologue sampler: "I know what you're saying to yourselves at home - you're saying, 'Jeez, Dave looks like a guy whose cabin would be surrounded by federal agents.' " "Have you ever had a beard? Anybody here ever have a beard? Here's what happened: I didn't really grow a beard, I just stopped shaving. But ever since I've had this, I also have a very, very strong urge to spit tobaccky juice." ••• Dave says there's quite a reaction to his beard. Some say, "Ohhh." Others want to touch it. Dave saw a strange announcement. / video: "David Letterman surprised viewers yesterday by returning to the air with a beard. This is the first time he has sported a beard since his portrayal of Uncle Jesse in The Dukes of Hazzard. David Letterman: Cooter, got your ears on?" ••• NYC Mayor Michael Bloomberg (or Bloomberger, as Dave calls him) drops by to present the key to the city to Dave's beard. ••• We've been off for a couple of months, so we wanted to bring you "New Stories We Missed." / video: "Knicks suck. Mitt Romney's an ass. What is a massive coronary, Alex? Baseball players love steroids. Mike Huckabee loves Jesus. Kiefer loves booze. Amy Winehouse really loves booze. Those Spears girls really love sex." ••• interruption: Striking writer Joe Grossman (who's back to work because of Dave's generous interim agreement) appears in the backdrop with a picket sign. Dave says he thinks he's supposed to be in front of the Sony Building. ••• "Great Moments in Presidential Speeches" / 1. Bill Clinton: "There is nothing wrong with America than cannot be cured by what is right with America." 2. John F. Kennedy: "This nation has tossed its cap over the wall of space, and we have no choice but to follow it." 3. George W. Bus


Who is the American entertainer who shares her name with a West African Empire known for its symbol of Golden Stool?

African Queens African Queens http://rainqueensofafrica.com/ African Warrior Women According to Greek accounts, the earliest Amazons came from Libya (then a name for most of North Africa). They wore red leather and carried crescent-shaped shields. It was these Libyan Amazons, they said, who later founded cities and temples in the Aegean and Anatolia. At a much later period, the Amazons of Dahomey were crack all-female troops, all female, who also served as royal bodyguards. They were also priestesses and wore crescent moon crowns. Amina     QUEEN Of ZARIA (1588-1589) This queen of Zazzua, a province of Nigeria now known as Zaria, was born around 1533 during the reign of Sarkin (king) Zazzau Nohir. She was probably his granddaughter. Zazzua was one of a number of Hausa city-states which dominated the trans-Saharan trade after the collapse of the Songhai empire to the west. Its wealth was due to trade of mainly leather goods, cloth, kola, salt, horses and imported metals. At the age of sixteen, Amina became the heir apparent (Magajiya) to her mother, Bakwa of Turunku, the ruling queen of Zazzua. With the title came the responsibility for a ward in the city and daily councils with other officials. Although her mother's reign was known for peace and prosperity, Amina also chose to learn military skills from the warriors. Queen Bakwa died around 1566 and the reign of Zazzua passed to her younger brother Karama. At this time Amina emerged as the leading warrior of Zazzua cavalry. Her military achievements brought her great wealth and power. When Karama died after a ten-year rule, Amina became queen of Zazzua. She set off on her first military expedition three months after coming to power and continued fighting until her death. In her thirty-four year reign, she expanded the domain of Zazzua to its largest size ever. Her main focus, however, was not on annexation of neighboring lands, but on forcing local rulers to accept vassal status and permit Hausa traders safe passage. She is credited with popularizing the earthen city wall fortifications, which became characteristic of Hausa city-states since then. She ordered building of a defensive wall around each military camp that she established. Later, towns grew within these protective walls, many of which are still in existence. They're known as "ganuwar Amina", or Amina's walls. She is mostly remembered as "Amina, Yar Bakwa ta san rana," meaning "Amina, daughter of Nikatau, a woman as capable as a man. Contributed by Danuta Bois Candace     EMPRESS OF ETHIOPIA (332 B.C.) Alexander reached Kemet (Ancient Egypt) in 332 B.C., on his world conquering rampage. But one of the greatest generals of the ancient world was also the Empress of Ethiopia. This formidable black Queen Candace, was world famous as a military tactician and field commander. Legend has it that Alexander could not entertain even the possibilty of having his world fame and unbroken chain of victories marred by risking a defeat, at last, by a woman. He halted his armies at the borders of Ethiopia and did not invade to meet the waiting black armies with their Queen in personal command Dahia-Al Kahina     Dahia-Al Kahina Dahia al-Kahina became leader of the African resistance. She fought against the Arab incursion in North Africa where under her leadership Africans fought back fiercely and drove the Arab army northward into Tripolitania. Her opposition to the Arab incursion was purely nationalistic, since she favored neither Christians nor Moslems. She is generally held to have been a Jewess but we believe that she could just as well have followed the old Carthaginian religion. This differs from Judaism but also shares some affinities with it. There are, of course, Black Jews in many parts of Africa such as the Falasha of Ethiopia and the Lemba of South Africa. Arab records describe her as having "dark skin, a mass of hair and huge eyes" - the comment referring to her hair may refer to an afro or perhaps dreadlocks. Dr John Clarke describes her as a nationalist who favored no particular religion. This may


"Whose Symphony No. 1 was called ""Beethoven's Tenth"" by conductor Hans von Bülow?"

Brahms Symphonies: where to start - Classic FM Classic FM Guides Now Playing Schedule Brahms Symphonies: where to start Johannes Brahms was one of the romantic period's most conflicted musical characters, and his symphonies are the perfect way to find out why... The image of Brahms the curmudgeon with his hands firmly behind his back is how most people see this most quietly influential of composers. But particularly in his symphonies, this image is proven to be a complete myth. Few symphonic composers have done so much with so few works, but Brahms four symphonies have lasted through the centuries thanks to their verve, their freedom and their complexity. But it didn't start off quite like that… Symphony No. 1 in C minor (1876) If any one composer in history was hyped to breaking point, it has to be Brahms. For a variety of reasons, he was seen as the natural successor to Beethoven, whose legacy cast a long shadow over the 19th century. Basically, everyone was expecting Brahms to pull out the big guns and follow Beethoven's Ninth Symphony. So when Brahms took 21 years to come up with the goods (he began sketches for the work in 1855), expectation was high. The conductor for the symphony's premiere, Hans von Bülow, even referred to it as 'Beethoven's Tenth', a term which has stuck. It's true that there are quotes and references to Beethoven work within the symphony, but it's more of a homage than a case of plagiarism. As Brahms himself commented, "any ass can see that." Symphony No. 2 in D After the nightmare of expectation and hype that surrounded Brahms' first symphony, you might expect the second to contain some of the composer's most melancholic work. In fact, it's surprisingly light and airy, some say with a similar character to Beethoven's sixth symphony, the 'Pastoral'. It's a breeze to listen to, with the first movement especially full of sweeping melodies to whistle along with. In a show of brilliant self-awareness, Brahms wrote to his publisher in 1877 upon delivery of the second symphony, describing the work with his tongue firmly in his cheek as, "so melancholy that you will not be able to bear it." Symphony No. 3 in F By 1883, Brahms was on a roll. He'd had major successes with his violin concerto, his piano concertos and his Academic Overture, but the third symphony was something else. It's a brave monster of a work, with rapidly changing character and some more of those huge, sweeping melodies. Give the third movement a go - it's often used on television and in film, and it has a rather peculiar sadness to it. Even Frank Sinatra thought so when he borrowed the tune for his song 'Take My Love'. Have a listen to both of them below: Symphony No. 4 in E minor With his final symphony, Brahms again nods to Beethoven on several occasions. As the likes of Liszt and Wagner (who by this time had passed away) set about decrying the old guard of older composers, Brahms ignored most of the developments around him and shamelessly, confidently looked backwards for inspiration. That's why the fourth symphony ha such a strongly classical symphonic feel. There are adventures and experiments within it, but there's also a huge amount of Bach and, yes, more Beethoven. The final movement takes one of Bach's Cantatas as a starting point, but fills it with incredible darkness and drama - a late thrust at romanticism from Brahms the traditionalist? The truth is that Brahms might have been tarred with the brush of conservativism, but there are gentle hints that there were far more exciting things going on underneath, if only listeners would bother to find them. Few areas of his work display this more than the four symphonies. Take them on, one at a time, and you'll want to uncover all of their mystery. Brahms News


India's national anthem is written in what language that is also the national language of one of its neighbors?

Jana Mana Gana - The National Anthem of India | Hindi Language Blog Jana Gana Mana – The National Anthem of India Posted by Nitin Kumar on Aug 25, 2012 in Hindi Language The national anthem is called राष्ट्रगान (Rastryagaan). जन गण मन (Jana Gana Mana) is the national anthem of India.  It was written by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore in 1911 and in the same year, it was sung for the first time by Indian National Congress (A political party). After Independence of India from British rule, it was officially adopted by the Constituent Assembly as the Indian national anthem on 24 January 1950. Although, it was written in Bengali with heavy use of Sanskrit words, it was adopted in Hindi as it was originated also from Sanskrit and thus, shares many Sanskrit words. The national anthem of India consists of 5 stanza must take approximately 52 seconds. Devanagari Script: जन गण मन अधिनायक जय हे भारत भाग्यविधाता पंजाब सिन्धु गुजरात मराठा द्राविड़ उत्कल बंगा विन्ध्य हिमाचल यमुना गंगा उच्छल जलधि तरंगा तव शुभ नामे जागे तव शुभ आशीष मागे गाहे तव जयगाथा जन गण मंगलदायक जय हे भारत भाग्यविधाता जय हे, जय हे, जय हे जय जय जय जय हे! Romanized Hindi: Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he, Jaya jaya jaya, jaya he! English Translation: Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people, Dispenser of India’s destiny. Thy name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Shindhu, Gujarat and Maratha, Of the Dravida and Orissa and Bangla; It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas, mingles in the music of Yamuna and Ganges and is chanted by the waves of the Indian Ocean. They pray for thy blessings and sing thy praise. The saving of all people waits in thy hand, Thou dispenser of India’s destiny. victory forever. About the Author: Nitin Kumar Nitin Kumar is a native Hindi speaker from New Delhi, India. His education qualification include Masters in Robotics and Bachelors in Mechanical Engineering. Currently, he is working in the Research and Development in Robotics in Germany. He is avid language learner with varied level of proficiency in English, German, Spanish, and Japanese. He wish to learn French one day. His passion for languages motivated him to share his mother tongue, Hindi, and culture and traditions associated with its speakers. He has been working with Transparent Language since 2010 and has written over 430 blogs on various topics on Hindi language and India, its culture and traditions. He is also the Administrator for Hindi Facebook page which has a community of over 330,000 members.


"What album of Sting takes its title from a sonnet he quoted in response to a drunk's query, ""How beautiful is the moon?""?"

William Shakespeare / Referenced By - TV Tropes The basis of an observation in Calvin and Hobbes . Calvin: "They say the world is a stage. But obviously the play is unrehearsed and everybody is ad-libbing his lines." Hobbes: "Maybe that's why it's hard to tell if we're living in a tragedy or a farce." Calvin: "We need more special effects and dance numbers." The same line is repeatedly quoted in Idlewild. "The world is a stage, and the play is badly cast." Oscar Wilde . In Pearls Before Swine , the dumb crocodiles try to get a "smart" croc to intimidate their would-be prey, the Zebra, with words. Instead, he apologizes to Zebra: "When I look upon my crocodile bretheren, I am reminded of the words of William Shakespeare, who said, to wit, 'Here come a pair of very strange beasts, which in all tongues are called fools.'" Rush , "Limelight:" "All the world's indeed a stage / and we are merely players / performers and portrayers / each another's audience outside the gilded cage." In the same episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation that provides the Hamlet -quoting Patrick Stewart Speech below, Q begins the discussion of Shakespeare by misquoting As You Like It. Picard corrects him. Q: Hear this, Picard, and reflect: "All the galaxy's a stage." Picard: "World," not "galaxy;" "all the world's a stage." Q: Oh, you know that one. Well, if he was living now, he would have said "galaxy." "All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players: They have their exits and their entrances; and one man in his time plays many parts, his acts being seven ages." Dr Henry Killinger in The Venture Bros. Very chillingly delivered. From V for Vendetta (graphic novel), V to Evey as he prepares to meet Prothero: "All the world's a stage, and everything else...is vaudeville." In Batman : Noel , as The Joker carries the unconscious Batman to his newly-dug grave, a narrator says, "Some people start hallucinating when they're about to die. In my book, if you're chasing beautiful women across rooftops and flying around with big colorful men that glow , somethin's rotten in Denmark." Beast Wars : "Tell my tale to those who ask. Tell it truly; the ill deeds along with the good, and let me be judged accordingly. The rest... is silence," says Dinobot before dying. In an earlier episode, Dinobot says: "Alas! Poor Tarantulas. I knew him, Cheetor." Dinobot was holding Tarantulas' severed spider legs though, not his severed head . Dinobot also tosses out a "To be or not to be, that is the question" when contemplating Free Will vs Fate. "How all occasions do inform against me" comes up often in Blackout/All Clear by Connie Willis , they might as well be Arc Words . Polly Churchill chooses all her aliases from Shakespeare, and she falls in with a famous Shakespearean actor who constantly speaks in allusions to the Bard. The Anthony Burgess translation of Cyrano de Bergerac riffs off the "Oh that this too too solid flesh" speech as well as quoting "In thy orisons Be All My Sins Remembered ." borrows the back half of a line: Darth Vader: I have discovered Force powers never dreamt of in your philosophy. The Departed : Before an operation, Captain Queenan tells Collin that "readiness is all." Earlier, Costigan quotes Hawthorne. Dignam isn't impressed: [fart noise] "What's the matter, smartass, you don't know any fuckin' Shakespeare?" Dragon Ball Z In the FUNimation dub of one episode, Frieza says to Vegeta, " Good Night, Sweet Prince " before attempting to finish him off. Another episode's original title says, "Savior, Thy Name Is Son Gohan!!" (a parody of the line "Frailty, thy name is woman"), though the FUNimation dub renamed it as "A Great Fighter, His Name Is Gohan". Emilie Autumn : "Opheliac" quotes a big part of Hamlet in "Doubt thou the stars are fire/Doubt thou the sun doth move/Doubt truth to be a liar/But never doubt I love." But then, the song is basically a tribute to Hamlet's Ophelia, so this was to be expected. "Goodnight Sweet Ladies" takes its name from a quote from Ophelia. Five Iron Frenzy references Hamlet's famous soliloquy in t


The musical ensemble arrangement called 'gamelan' which often accompanies wayang puppet performances (among others) is a tradition of what Asian country?

Indonesian Music - Documents Documents Share Indonesian Music Embed
  Indonesian Music
 size(px) Download Indonesian Music Transcript Gamelan is comparable only to two things: moonlight and flowing water, It is pure and mysterious like moonlight, it is always the same and always changing like flowing water. It forms for our ears no song, this music, it is a state of being, such as moonlight itself which lies poured out over the land. It flows murmuring, tinkling and gurgling like water in a mountain stream. Yet it is never monotonous. Sometimes the sounds flow faster and louder, just as water also sometimes speaks more loudly in the night only to sink back again quietly. --Leonhard Huizinga (Dutch Writer) Indonesian Music Click on this map to go to a "clickable map" of Indonesia. Once there, click on a place of interest to learn more about Indonesia. To students of world music here in the United States, Indonesian music generally means gamelan music, especially those various related types found on the two neighboring islands of Java and Bali. Partly because of the availability of this type of Indonesian music, and partly because of the sustained interest by Western-trained ethnomusicologists, Javanese and Balinese orchestral gamelan traditions have been heard and studied by Americans over the past half century as much as have other related high art musical traditions of Asia, such as China, Japan, and India. Therefore, since there exists an abundance of available materials (recordings, books, and ensembles--there are more than 200 Indonesian gamelan groups -- e.g., Gamelan Sekar Jaya -- in the United States today), the gamelan music of Java and Bali will form the focus of this chapter. For the especially intrepid student of world music, it is possible, with considerable research, to hear and read about music from other islands of the archipelago, particularly the large islands of Borneo, Sulawesi, and Sumatra. Background: Geography, Culture, and History A Brief History of Java and Bali Before discussing the gamelan music of Java and Bali, a brief survey of the wider context of this music will be useful for the student of Indonesian cultures. The Indonesian archipelago is the largest and mightiest island chain in the world: a total of 13,677 islands are spread over some 3,200 miles of tropical seas, lying directly on the equator between the Australian continent to the south and mainland Southeast Asia (the modern Islamic country of Malaysia, specifically) to the north. If superimposed on a map of the United States, Indonesia would stretch from Bermuda to Oregon, and on a map of Europe, from Ireland to the Caspian Sea. Approximately four-fifths of the modern Republic of Indonesia is ocean, with many islands tiny and unpopulated. However, about 3,000 of the islands are inhabited: the Batak people and Minangkabau people live in Sumatra, the Toraja in Sulawesi, the Dayaks in Borneo, the Sundanese in West Java, the Javanese in Central and East Java, and the Balinese in Bali, to name only a few. Jakarta is the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia. It is a special territory having the status of a province, consisting of Greater Jakarta (picture of Jakarta at night), and covering an area of 637.44 square km. It is located on the northern coast of West Java; it is the center of government, commerce and industry and as such has an extensive communications network with the rest of the country and the outside world. The group of islands in the Jakarta Bay known as Pulau Seribu offers a haven away from the bustle of city life. There are golden beaches fringed with coconut palms. Historically known by Europeans as the ce


During what landmark 1969 event was a 'freak out tent' established for those suffering from the ill-effects of drugs?

Peace, love and music: Amazing photos capture historic 1969 Woodstock festival that defined a generation | Daily Mail Online comments On the 43rd anniversary of the legendary Woodstock music festival, held in Bethel, New York, a series of remarkable photographs taken at the time offer a window on the landmark event celebrating music and peace. Woodstock Music & Art Fair was staged at Max Yasgur's 600-acre dairy farm in the Catskill mountains near the hamlet of White Lake from August 15 to August 18, 1969. The festival featured a total of 32 acts, including such icons as Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Joe Cocker, Santana, and The Who, making it one of the most outstanding concert lineups in history. Peaceful masses: Overall image of the huge crowd, looking towards the large yellow tents, during the Woodstock Music & Art Fair Living arrangements: Concert-goer sleeping on two cars at Woodstock in Bethel, New York, on August 1, 1969 Wet and wild: The rain did little to deter hundreds of thousands of young people from sticking around at the festival Despite the rain which had turned the grounds of the farm into a giant mud bath, the festival drew an audience of some 500,000 people, many of whom camped out in tents and vans for the duration of the weekend. Hendrix was the last act to perform at the festival, but due to the bad weather, only about 35,000 people got to hear his psychedelic rendition of the U.S national anthem in what was to become one of the defining moments of the 1960s. The community of Bethel was not prepared for the great influx of young people from all over the country, and by August 14, much of the area had become an enormous traffic jam. Flower children: The festival proved especially popular among members of the hippie counterculture who believed in nonviolence and coined the phrase, 'Make love, not war' Signs of times: The event drew hundreds of thousands of young hippies and was marked by widespread drug use While some locals were less than welcoming to the flower-adorned, bell-bottomed, mud-splattered  hippies flooding the area, others embraced the visitors, supplying them with free food and water when it became apparent that Food For Love, the festival concessionaire, was not prepared to feed the massive crowd. Beside amazing musical acts, the weekend of peace was marked by widespread use of drugs, and the organizers of the event even established a ‘freak-out tent’ for those suffering from bad ‘trips,’ according to the Bethel Woods Center for the Arts. Slip and slide: Despite the rain which had turned the grounds of the farm into a giant, filthy mud bath, the festival drew an audience of some 500,000 young music fans from across the country Groovy invasion: The community of Bethel was not prepared for the great influx of people, and much of the area had become an enormous traffic jam While some concert-goers remembered the unique historic festival as an adventure that changed their lives, others found it nothing but a messy, filthy, poorly organized fiasco.  Epic: Jimi Hendrix was the last act to perform at the festival, but due to the bad weather, only about 35,000 people got to hear his psychedelic rendition of the U.S national anthem For his part, one of the LIFE photographers on scene during the festival, John Dominis, summed up his own recollections of Woodstock this way: ‘I really had a great time,’ Dominis told LIFE.com, decades after the fact. ‘I was much older than those kids, but I felt like I was their age. They smiled at me, offered me pot … You didn’t expect to see a bunch of kids so nice; you’d think they’d be uninviting to an older person. But no — they were just great! ‘I worked at LIFE for 25 years, and worked everywhere and saw everything, and I’ve told people every year since the Woodstock festival that it was one of the greatest events I ever covered.’ The festival was the brainchild of Michael Lang, John Roberts, Joel Rosenman, and Artie Kornfeld, who initially designed it as a profit-making venture. In the end, it turned into a free concert of epic pr


An aversion therapy called the 'Ludovico technique' from the 1971 classic A Clockwork Orange features which composer's music? Kudos if you can name the piece too.

Read view.php?vol=10&iss=2&f=wierzbicki.pdf Read view.php?vol=10&iss=2&f=wierzbicki.pdf text version Banality Triumphant: Iconographic Use of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony in Recent Films The sublime and the ridiculous are often so nearly related, that it is difficult to class them separately. One step above the sublime makes the ridiculous, and one step above the ridiculous makes the sublime again. --Thomas Paine, Age of Reason James Wierzbicki lthough various works by Beethoven are represented in the two principal anthologies of film-accompaniment music that have survived from the days of the "silent movie," the Ninth Symphony is not among them.1 This does not mean, of course, that arrangements of the Ninth Symphony were never heard by the audiences of such films. Max Winkler, the enterprising clerk at the Carl Fischer music publishing company who in 1912 conceived the idea of providing theatrical music directors with a list of suggested cues in advance of a film's public exhibition, recalled that in order to keep up with demand he and his colleagues turned to crime. "We began to dismember the great masters. We murdered the works of Beethoven, . . . [et al.]--everything that wasn't protected by copyright from our pilfering."2 The Ninth Symphony certainly was in the public domain, and it is hard to imagine that film accompanists, somewhere along the line, did not make use of it. But performances of public domain music in the context of "silent" film are ephemeral, and even the rare, documented usage resists analysis.3 Likewise resistant, largely because of their similarity to needles that only 1. These are Giuseppe Becce's Kinobibliothek, first published in Berlin in 1919, and Erno Rapée's Motion Picture Moods for Pianists and Organists: A Rapid Reference Collection of Selected Pieces, Adapted to 52 Moods and Situations, first published in New York in 1924. Other popular sources of accompaniments were The Sam Fox Moving Picture Volumes, begun in 1913, but these include music entirely by J. S. Zamencnik. 2. Max Winkler, A Penny from Heaven (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1951), cited in Tony Thomas, Music for the Movies (South Brunswick: A. S. Barnes, 1973), p.38. 3. For a summary of the problems involved with such research, see the introductory chapters of Martin Marks, Music and the Silent Film: Contexts and Case Studies, 18951924 (New York: Oxford up, 1993). A 114 jame s wie rzbicki possibly exist in a very large haystack, are references to the Ninth in any of the 6,000 or so feature films produced in Hollywood during the first decade of the "sound era"; although one supposes such references exist, they have yet to come to this writer's attention. In any case, it seems that the earliest film from Hollywood's so-called classical period4 to appropriate the Ninth Symphony is Frank Capra's 1941 Meet John Doe, a romance-flavored drama about a washed-up baseball player (played by Gary Cooper) who assumes a false identity for the sake of a newspaper's circulation drive and in the process becomes the figurehead for a political movement based on the ideas of neighborliness and altruism. By 1941 the system of musicoemotional coding in scores for the "classical" Hollywood film had been well established,5 and composer Dmitri Tiomkin holds to the norm with his music for the film's various romantic scenes and action sequences. Tiomkin's original music is perfectly serviceable, but more interesting is his use of musical citations to make dramatic points. Within the narrative itself, the most telling cited music is the tune from the song Hi-Diddle-Dee-Dee (An Actor's Life for Me) from Walt Disney's 1940 animated feature Pinocchio--played on an ocarina by John Doe's hobo partner (Walter Brennan) to remind John Doe that he has engaged in a morally dangerous fiction.6 Citations in the nondiegetic score are frequent and for the most part not very subtle in their meaning; during a montage that includes shots of farmers, miners, urbanites, and speeding trains, for example, the audience he


Composer Philip Glass's 'Portrait Trilogy' of operas consists of Einstein on the Beach, Akhnaten and Satyagraha with the last one focusing on whom?

Phillip Glass - The Full Wiki The Full Wiki More info on Phillip Glass   Wikis Advertisements    Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn't yet, but we're working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . (Redirected to Philip Glass article) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Philip Glass, WNYC studios, December 2007 Philip Morris Glass (born January 31, 1937) is an American music composer. He is considered one of the most influential composers of the late 20th century [1] [2] [3] and is widely acknowledged as a composer who has brought art music to the public (along with precursors such as Richard Strauss , Kurt Weill and Leonard Bernstein ). Although his music is often, though controversially, described as minimalist , he distances himself from this label, describing himself instead as a composer of "music with repetitive structures." [4] Although his early, mature music is minimalist, he has evolved stylistically. [5] [6] Currently, he describes himself as a "Classicist", pointing out that he is trained in harmony and counterpoint and studied Franz Schubert , Johann Sebastian Bach and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart with Nadia Boulanger . [7] Glass is a prolific composer: He has written works for his own musical group which he founded, the Philip Glass Ensemble (for which he still performs on keyboards), as well as operas , musical theatre works, eight symphonies , eight concertos , solo works, string quartets , and film scores . Three of his film scores have been nominated for Academy Awards . For a list of works, see List of compositions by Philip Glass Advertisements Beginnings, early education and influences (1937–1964) Glass was born in Baltimore, Maryland , the son of Ida (née Gouline) and Benjamin Charles Glass, [8] and the grandson of Jewish immigrants from Lithuania . His father owned a record store, and consequently Glass's record collection consisted to a large extent of unsold records, including modern music ( Hindemith , Bartók , Schoenberg , [9] Shostakovich ) and Western classical music ( Ludwig van Beethoven 's String Quartets and Schubert 's B♭ Piano Trio , which he cites as a "big influence"), [10] at a very early age. He then studied the flute as a child at the Peabody Conservatory of Music and entered an accelerated college program at the University of Chicago at the age of 15, where he studied Mathematics and Philosophy . In Chicago he discovered the serialism of Webern and composed a twelve-tone string trio. [11] In 1954 Glass went to Paris for the first time, encountering the films of Jean Cocteau , which made a lasting impression on him. He visited artist's studios and saw their work; "the bohemian life you see in [Cocteau's] Orphée was the life I ... was attracted to, and those were the people I hung out with." [12] Glass then went on to the Juilliard School of Music where the keyboard became his main instrument. His composition teachers included Vincent Persichetti and William Bergsma and fellow students included Steve Reich . During this time, in 1959, he was a winner in the BMI Foundation 's BMI Student Composer Awards, one of the most prestigious international prizes for young composers. In the summer of 1960, he studied with Darius Milhaud at the summer school of the Aspen Music Festival and composed a Violin Concerto for a fellow student, Dorothy Pixley-Rothschild. [13] After leaving Juilliard in 1962, Glass moved to Pittsburgh and worked as a school-based composer-in-residence in the public school system, composing various choral, chamber and orchestral music. [14] Paris (1964–1966) In 1964 Glass received a Fulbright Scholarship and went to Paris , where he studied with the eminent composition teacher Nadia Boulanger from autumn of 1964 to summer of 1966, analyzing scores of Johann Sebastian Bach ( The Well-Tempered Clavier ), Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (the Piano Concertos ). Glass's years in Paris as a student of Boulanger had a lasting impression and influence on his work ever since, as the composer


What is the better known name of Violin Sonata in G minor by Giuseppe Tartini that the composer said was played to him in a dream by Satan himself?

Soul Music: Giuseppe Tartini and the Devil’s Trill | EsoterX Soul Music: Giuseppe Tartini and the Devil’s Trill Classical , Devil , Dreams , Music , pacts , Satan , song , Violin “Show business is one of the few businesses that the devil will actually agree to own just a portion of your soul because he knows if you have a performer’s ego you were probably working for him all along” – Marc Maron The Devil prefers the classics. The Devil hasn’t really been directly involved with a chart-topping album since Snoop Dogg’s 1993 “Doggystyle”.  Rumor is he decided to become a producer, since the limelight has never been a key element of his marketing style.  He prefers to work in the background.  Satan’s participation in the music industry has varied over the years, ranging from going down to Georgia to inspiring the sympathy of the Rolling Stones to cutting crossroads deals for supernatural guitar skills with blues great Robert Johnson, but let’s face it, the Prince of Darkness is kind of old school.  He prefers the classics.  The seven deadly sins, for instance.  He hasn’t really commented on abortion, gay marriage, socialism, taxes, or any of our other modern hot button issues, whereas God is eternally concerned with being hip, and endlessly expresses his opinion on every new social or technological innovation.  Or at least his fan club does.  Let’s face it, the Devil is classical.  As it turns out, the Devil’s career as a composer peaked in the 18th Century, or at least that was the last time he actually got song writing credits and displayed his musical artistry.  Italian violin virtuoso Giuseppe Tartini (1692-1770) covered the Trillo del Diavolo (“The Devil’s Trill”), which he admitted to first hearing in a dream where he sold his soul, bemoaning that his rendition paled in comparison to the Devil’s original. Officially known as Tartini’s Violin Sonata in G minor (listen at “Tartini Violin Sonata in G minor” ), but more commonly referred to as “The Devil’s Trill Sonata”, this violin solo is still considered one of the most technically demanding pieces ever written, even for experienced violinists, and although Tartini himself was considered one of the finest Italian baroque violinists and composers, even among his contemporaries, he nonetheless despaired that he was never able to capture the Devil’s virtuosity.  In terms of legal technicalities, Tartini sold his soul to the Devil in a dream in exchange for the score to the Devil’s Trill, rather than doing so with waking, conscious malice, so it’s highly unlikely that the contract was binding, which just goes to show that sometimes diabolical musical aspirations trump an extra soul here or there.  Musicians are a competitive lot, after all.  Satan probably wouldn’t want too many of the talented ones cramping his style in Hell.  Besides, the rock star lifestyle offers ample opportunities to get oneself eternally damned, independent of the finer points of any music contracts.  Historians of classical music invariably give the Devil his due when discussing Tartini’s work.  “Tartini’s “Devil’s Trill” Sonata (Il Trillo del Diavolo) – Tartini was a bit of a mystic – came to him in a dream, and if it really was inspired by the devil, proves that whatever his other faults, His Satanic Majesty is a musician of the ﬁrst order” (Auer, 1925, p2).  The short version of Tartini’s biography glosses over the reasons why the Devil might have chosen to collaborate with him. This celebrated violinist was born at Pirano, in Istria, on April 8th, 1692. He was educated for the law, first in his native town, and then at Padua. During this time he began his studies in violin playing, and he continued to perfect himself in the art after he had finished his career as a law student. In the year 1709 he had acquired much reputation as a violin player in Padua. It was in the year 1713 that he wrote the work that has done so much for his fame, his “Trillo del Diavolo,” commonly known as “Tartini’s Dream.” It received that name from a legendary story that he was first inspired with the theme by a dream w