Other than humans, what are the only animals that have sex for pleasure?

Is Sex For Pleasure Uniquely Human? | The Huffington Post Is Sex For Pleasure Uniquely Human? 11/13/2011 12:19 pm ET | Updated Jan 13, 2012 480 Cara Santa Maria Science correspondent, Huffington Post; editor, Talk Nerdy to Me We are apes. We are animals. We are made of the same organic molecules as all life. We metabolize. We procreate. We die. But we are also human beings. We have language and culture. We self-reflect and ponder the future. We have medicine. We use advanced tools, like televisions, smart phones, and computers. We also have sex. We have a lot of sex. In human culture, sex is so much more than a means of reproduction. Sex is emotional. Sex is communicative. Sex is fun. And when it comes down to it, for most of us, sex just feels good. We have sex for pleasure significantly more often than we have sex for reproductive purposes. Is this one of those things that makes us uniquely human? Well, here's where things get complicated. How do we know what feels good to an animal? It's not like they can tell us. Perhaps all animals have sex for pleasure. Perhaps we are all hard-wired to experience pleasurable feelings during the act of sex for the very purpose of procreation. I sincerely doubt that most animals are aware of the fact that sex leads to offspring. They probably do it because it feels good . Science has done a pretty good job of exploring and explaining precisely how sex feels so good to us. But answering the question of why it feels so good is seems to be a matter of conjecture. Granted, if it didn't feel good, we might not do it. And if we didn't do it, there wouldn't be any of us here to have this discussion. One indication that animals enjoy sexual activity is the act of masturbation. We've all seen our dogs do it. Male dogs will pretty much hump anything they can wrap their legs around. Masturbation in horses is also quite common. There's even a seminal (no pun intended) paper on squirrel masturbation . In fact, a lot of animals go solo. Birds, walruses, sheep, turtles, elephants, bears, and many more species have been observed engaging in autoeroticism. Porcupines have even been witnessed to fashion vibrators out of sticks. Interestingly, although all of these animals have been documented to play with themselves, it is exceedingly rare that they actually get off. That is, masturbation to the point of orgasm/ejaculation appears to be a fluke outside of the human species (except maybe in squirrels). What makes us so different that our masturbatory experiences are "goal-oriented" when other animals' are not? And why is our masturbation frequency significantly higher than that of other species? Jesse Bering hypothesizes that it is because humans have the unique ability to form mental representations of erotic material. It may be the case that what sets us apart is our ability to write, produce, edit, and even star in our own mental porn. I know that masturbation may not be considered sex, per se. You've probably heard the rumors that dolphins are the only other mammals that have sexual intercourse for pleasure. It appears as though this is almost true, depending again on how one defines sex for pleasure. Dolphins have been observed to have sex during all stages of the female menstrual cycle, not just ovulation. But, as they have been apt to do lately, our favorite ape relatives , the bonobos, have to be included in this conversation. Bonobos get it on year round as well. As far as I know, no other animal species has been documented to engage in full-on intercourse even when females aren't in heat. So in a way, when our thoughts and behaviors are dominated by non-stop, year-round sexual urges, we aren't really acting on animalistic impulses. We are doing something that is almost uniquely human. If we were to actually " do it like they do on the Discovery channel ," we'd only be getting it on a few days each month. So the next time I hear somebody quote the Nine Inch Nails song Closer, I'll remember that I'd rather do it like a human, thank you very much. See all Talk Nerdy to Me posts: www.huffingtonpo


Which animal is the national emblem of India? The Tiger, The Elephant or The Snake?

National Symbols of India - Animal, Bird, Emblem, Fruit, Flower, Tree, Sport | My India Home / India / National Symbols of India and Their Meaning National Symbols of India and Their Meaning April 23, 2013 by Ramandeep Kaur National symbols of India depict the country’s image and have been chosen very carefully. The national animal, tiger symbolises power; the national flower, lotus symbolises purity;the national tree, banyan symbolises immortality, the national bird, peacock symbolises elegance and the national fruit, mango symbolises the tropical climate of India. Similarly, our national song and national anthem were a source of inspiration during the freedom struggle. The national emblem of India depicts four lions standing back to back, symbolising power, courage, pride and confidence. Hockey was at its peak when it was adopted as the national game of India. Here is some more information about the national symbols of India: List of National Symbols of India   National Bird of India: The peacock, commomly known as Indian peafowl was declared  the national bird of India in 1963, because it was entirely a part of Indian custom and culture. A peacock is a symbol of grace and beauty. Another reason why the peacock was chosen as the national bird was because of its presence across the country, so much so that even common people are familiar with the bird. Moreover, no other country had the peacocok as its national bird either. The peacock fulfilled all these and hence became the national bird of India. National Animal of India:  The tiger is known as the Lord of the Jungle and displays India’s wildlife wealth. Also strength, agility and power are the basic aspect of the tiger. The Bengal Tiger was declared as the national animal of India in April 1973, with the initiation of Project Tiger, to protect the tigers in India. Prior to this, the lion was the national animal of India. National Anthem of India:   The national anthem of India is the Hindi version of an anthem which was originally composed in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore. It was adopted as the national anthem of India on 24 January 1950. Since the Bengali song ‘Vande Mataram’ faced opposition from non-Hindu segments of society, the Jana Gana Mana was adopted as the national anthem of India. National Flower of India: The lotus flower has a very significant position in Indian mythology. It is the flower of goddess Laxmi and symbolises wealth, prosperity, and fertility. Also, it grows very uniquely in dirty water with its long stalk far above the water, bearing the flower on the top. The lotus flower remains untouched from impurity. It symbolises purity, achievement, long life, and good fate. The National Fruit of India: Mangoes are native to India and thus truly Indian. Since time immemorial, mangoes have been cultivated in India. In ancient times as well, deliciousness of mangoes have been defined by many renowned poets. The great Mughal emperor Akbar had planted about 1,00,000 mango trees in Lakhi Bagh in Darbhanga. The National Song of India:  India’s national song was composed in Sanskrit by Bankimchandra Chatterjee. It has inspired many freedom fighters during the freedom struggle. Initially ‘Vande Mataram’ was the national anthem of India, but after independence ‘Jana Gana Mana’ was adopted as the national anthem. This was done because non-Hindu communities in India had considered Vande Mataram as biased. These communities felt that the nation was represented by ‘Maa Durga’ in the song. So that is why it was made the national song of India and not the national anthem.   National Flag of India: The national flag of India is horizontal rectangular in shape and has three colours – deep saffron, white and green with Ashoka chakra (Wheel of Law) at its centre. It was adopted on 22 July 1947 during a meeting of the Constituent Assembly. It is also called as tricolor. The flag was designed by Pingali Venkayya.   The National Game of India: In spite of cricket’s huge popularity in India, hockey is still the national game of India. Hockey when declared as the national


How many humps does a Bactrian camel have?

Bactrian Camels, Bactrian Camel Pictures, Bactrian Camel Facts - National Geographic Flock or Caravan Did you know? Bactrian camels give birth usually to just one calf after a gestation period of 12 to 14 months. Size relative to a 6-ft (2-m) man: Bactrian camels have two humps rather than the single hump of their Arabian relatives. The humps function the same way—storing fat which can be converted to water and energy when sustenance is not available. These humps give camels their legendary ability to endure long periods of travel without water, even in harsh desert conditions. As their fat is depleted, the humps become floppy and flabby. Bactrian camels live not in shifting Sahara sands but in Central and East Asia's rocky deserts. Temperatures in these locales can become searingly hot—over 100°F (38°C) in summer. Yet they can also drop to –20°F (-29°C) in winter. Bactrian camels have developed special adaptations to allow them to survive in such a brutal environment. One is a thick, shaggy coat that protects them in winter and falls away as seasons change and temperatures rise. Like Arabian camels, Bactrians rarely sweat, helping them conserve fluids for long periods of time. In winter, plants may yield enough moisture to sustain a camel without water for several weeks. When camels do refill, however, they soak up water like a sponge. A very thirsty animal can drink 30 gallons (135 liters) of water in only 13 minutes. Like Arabian camels, Bactrians' nostrils close to keep sand at bay, and their bushy eyebrows and two rows of long eyelashes protect their eyes. Big, flat footpads help them navigate the rough rocky terrain and shifting desert sands without sinking under their own massive bulk or the weight of heavy packs. The only truly wild camels that still exist are Bactrian camels. These herds survive in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia and China but number less than 1,000.


Who presented the childrens TV show Animal Magic from 1962 to 1983?

Animal Magic - 1962 - 1983 - British Classic Comedy Uncategorized They should bring this back with Paul O Grady.  Animal Magic had to be one of the most imaginative children’s television programs ever.  It combined education and a sense of fun in a way that gripped the viewer’s imagination.  A wonderful way to teach children about animals. Set in Bristol Zoo and a BBC TV studio.  The show’s main presenter was Johnny Morris but over the years there were many co-presenters each with their own area of expertise.  These included Terry Nutkins who joined in the early eighties, he would talk about water based animals ie otters, sea lions.  Other famous co-presenters included: Gerald Durrell, Tony Soper, Keith Shackleton, Sheila Young and David Taylor. The show first went out in 1962, every fortnight.  It was an instant hit with children and adults alike and by 1964 the show was broadcast weekly.  In 1967 Animal Magic reached it’s 100th edition. By 1983 the way the show gave animals human charaterisations (ie the voices used) fell out of favour and the show was subsequently dropped. Surprisingly in the early 1990’s the BBC deemed the show to be of no further use and subsequently junked many editions. Summary The show combined basic educational features in a studio with Johnny Morris the Zoo Keeper interacting with the animals at Bristol Zoo.   Here Johnny Morris would apply  jovial voiceovers to the various animals. In the early 1980’s technology had moved on and the show was updated using new video efects technology.  This allowed them to do such things as “shrink” the presenters to allow them to see life from an ant’s viewpoint, or to swim in a riverbed for example. Clips


What type of animal is Shere Khan in The Jungle Book?

Shere Khan | Disney Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia “Oh, please don't insult my intelligence. It makes me irritable.” ―Shere Khan to Kaa Shere Khan acts as the physical embodiment of power and composure. With a dignified manner of carrying himself, and a strong sense of pride and elegance, the ruthless tiger is viewed as the uncorroborated ruler of the jungles of India; he is well aware of this reputation, as he takes advantage of it sadistically. Most, if not all residents of the jungle, are known to fear Shere Khan, and for reasons apparent: he is physically imposing, often seen with a stoic, menacing expression. The only moments where he's seen emoting otherwise is during his interrogations with potential victims, in which he speaks with a soft tone, coupled with a condescending and knowing smile, as he subtly taunts and emotionally torments his prey until he's ready to make the killing strike. Shere Khan holds a burning hatred for mankind and vows to kill any human that steps foot within the jungle. It has been strongly implied that Shere Khan sees humans as unforgiving, soulless creatures who continuously cause havoc on nature, using narcissistic entitlement as justification for such acts. [2] According to Bagheera, Khan hates man "with a vengeance", with both man's gun and man's fire having been involved in the creation of such hatred. Khan's fear of fire is the most dominant of the two and acts as a crippling phobia capable of driving the tiger to immediate panic. With such anger and rage, Shere Khan's normally somber and collected demeanor can become murderous, bloodthirsty, and feral in a matter of moments, as seen during his first confrontation with Mowgli in the original film, as he was willing to kill both the man-cub, and any animal who dared to protect him, without hesitation. In the sequel, Shere Khan's personality and overall aura take a somewhat darker turn. Unlike the first film, his polite mannerisms and calm monologues are a rarity, as his bitterness and hatred towards Mowgli drive him to deeper madness, resulting in action being taken much quicker and having no comedic quirks whatsoever. He's also far more feral in this film; constantly growling, roaring, and losing his control when pestered even slightly, even going as far as viciously mauling a vulture as punishment for mocking him. Appearances The Jungle Book Shere Khan in the original film. In the jungles of India, Bagheera the panther comes across an orphaned, human child lost in the jungle. The panther takes the child and delivers him to a pack of wolves–all of whom graciously accept the boy as their own. Years later, Shere Khan gets word that a man-cub is in the jungle and sets out to kill him. The word of Shere Khan's oncoming arrival spreads quickly, and the wolves assemble to discuss Mowgli's fate. It is ultimately decided that the jungle is no longer safe for the boy and that he must be returned to the Man-Village for his own good. Bagheera volunteers to escort him, and the journey begins. Shere Khan makes his first physical appearance while stalking a deer as prey. His hunt was ruined when Colonel Hathi came marching by with his herd and scared it away, much to Shere Khan's annoyance. After Bagheera stopped them, Shere Khan eavesdropped on their conversation and was delighted when he heard about Mowgli, who had managed to escape Bagheera in hopes of staying in the jungle; without the panther at his side, the boy was now devoid of protection. After Bagheera and Hathi's herd separated to locate the man-cub, Khan began his own hunt for Mowgli. After searching for some time, he heard Kaa seducing a victim and became suspicious. He grabbed Kaa's tail and got him to come down, subsequently questioning him about Mowgli. Kaa acted strangely while answering his questions, even attempting to hypnotize him, and his suspicious behavior prompted Shere Khan to search his coils for Mowgli. When it appeared that Kaa was truthful, Khan ordered him to act as an informative should the former come across the man-cub. Kaa agreed, and Khan took his leave. Shere


Considered as the oldest zoo in the world, in what year did the Vienna Zoo first open to visitors?

Schönbrunn Zoo -   VIENNA – Now. Forever Schönbrunn Zoo add to my travel plan Schönbrunn Zoo in Vienna is the world’s oldest zoo still in existence and has already been voted Europe’s best zoo on four occasions. Each year more than two million visitors come to see the panda baby, newborn elephants and many other rare animals. In the summer of 1752, Emperor Franz I. Stephan von Lothringen, Maria Theresia's husband, took his royal guests to the newly constructed menagerie in the park at Schönbrunn Palace for the first time. Ever since then, the world's oldest zoo has been operating in Vienna. In 1906, Schönbrunn was the site of a sensational event: This zoo in Vienna was the first place worldwide to see the birth of an African elephant conceived in human care. The next world premiere followed in 2007: For the first time ever, a panda baby that was naturally conceived in a zoo by the name of Fu Long was born in Schönbrunn. In August 2010 the second bear cub was born, in August 2013 the third. And in 2016, twins were born. Today the Zoo at Schönbrunn is considered one of the best and most modern zoos in the world. The animal compounds have a particularly generous and natural design. More than 500 animal species - from Siberian tigers and hippos to one-horned rhinoceroses - live here. Highlights include the giant Rainforest House, the large South American Area and the ORANG.erie, which is the new home of Vienna's orang-utans. The Nature Experience Trail was opened in spring 2010. May 2014 witnessed the return of polar bears to the zoo: The new enclosure, called “Franz Josef Land", covers 1,700 m² and provides the white giants with enough space to romp around in. The bears can also be watched diving for the first time. New and extensive enclosures and animal houses are added each year. But the zoo's historic charm is always preserved. Special tours and workshops provide information about the animal kingdom. And the zoo is directly adjacent to the Desert House , where the flora and fauna of the driest regions on earth can be explored. Daily 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. February Daily 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. March Daily 9 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. April       to       September Daily 9 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. October       to       the end of October Daily 9 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. November       to       December Parking spaces for people with disabilities at Elisabethallee, entrance Tirolerhof Special offers for people with disabilities Tours for visitors with disabilities and special needs on request.


Which alcoholic drink would you need to make the cocktail Tom Collins? Vodka, Whiskey or Gin?

Best Tom Collins Recipe - How to Make a Tom Collins Directions Combine the ingredients in a Collins glass 3/4 full of cracked ice. Stir briefly, top with club soda or seltzer, garnish with lemon circle, and serve with stirring rod. As for those cousins: To make a Gin Fizz, shake the gin, sugar, and lemon juice well with cracked ice, pour into a chilled Collins glass—no ice—and fizz to the top. To make a Gin Rickey, squeeze half a (well-washed) lime into a Collins glass full of ice, tip in 1 teaspoon superfine sugar, stir, pour in 2 ounces London dry gin, throw in the squeezed-out lime half, and top with bubbly water of choice. You may, if you wish, also add a dash of grenadine for color. The Collins treatment works well with other liquors: common are the Whiskey Collins or John Collins, which is self-explanatory, and the Rum Collins (light rum) or Charlie Collins (Jamaican rum), which are usually made with lime juice instead of lemon and to which a couple dashes of Angostura bitters are often added. See also the Brandy Fizz. The Wondrich Take: Along with its kissin' cousins, the Gin Rickey and the Gin Fizz, this classic formula hasn't been getting much exercise of late. Maybe the nasty tang of bottled Collins/Sour mix has poisoned virgin taste buds, depriving it of the young addicts a cocktail needs to survive. Or maybe it's just a sign of the swath tonic water has cut through summer drinks since its introduction back in the '30s. In any case, the Tom Collins has on its side tradition—it turns up in the 1877 Bon Vivant's Companion, by Jerry Thomas, the George Washington of American mixology—and simple elegance. Few drinks are as refreshing on a summer afternoon. And the name? Step one: A certain John Collins, a waiter at Limmer's Old House on London's Hanover Square, gets his name hitched to a drink with lemon, sugar, soda, and Holland gin. Step two: Some bright spark makes same with Old Tom gin and changes the name accordingly. (Strict constructionists with access to an exceptionally good liquor store may have theirs this way, making sure to cut back on the sugar. Let us know how they turn out). More recipes like this


From which country does the dish paella originate?

The History of Paella The History of Paella Paella is a Spanish rice dish that includes different combinations of vegetables and meats, characteristically seasoned with saffron, but also has other spices depending on the recipe and area in Spain it comes from. Etymology The dish Paella is said to to be a perfect union between 2 cultures from Spain , the Romans, for the pan and the Arab, that brought rice. There is an old story of how the Moorish kings' servants created rice dishes by mixing the left-overs from royal banquets in large pots to take home. It is said by some that that word paella originates from the Arab word ï¿½baqiyahï¿½ meaning left-overs.The term Paella actually refers to the pan that it is cooked in. All the way back to the ancient Sanskrit language the term Pa means ï¿½to drink, and the Roman culture from the latin made words like Patera, Patina , Patella which could mean a container to drink, or perform other culinary functions. It would seem a natural dish, since rice is grown in Spain, and all meats, and seafood in some regions are plentiful, that this dish would be a natural. Since there are many workers in the fields, cooking it over an open fire also would be the most practical. Spain is not known for forests and lots of timber, so the small available twigs and branches from pruning that are green gave a quick hot fire instead of a slow burning one from logs. So the size of the pan grew instead of the depth, so you could get a hot fire a maximum evaporation. Most experts agree that the dish was developed in the Spanish city of Valencia. Valencia is where the Romans introduced irrigation and then the Arab conquerors that brought rice, prefected it. Many folks say the best Paella and most authentic still comes from Valencia. Also in Islamic Andalusia Spain symbolic dishes with rice and different meats and vegetables like a casserole were cooked for special occasions. Some of these dishes may be the roots of some of the Paella recipes. The Special Pan The Paella pan is characterized by being round with a flat bottom. The pan can be anywhere from a LP record 12 inches in diameter to several feet. The one thing that doesn't change is the height. It is about first joint in the thumb deep as the Spanish would say, so that the rice has maximum contact with the bottom of the pan. courtesy of the culture bite It evolved this way, starting with a rounded bottom, designed to hang over a fire. My guess is that as soon as some sort of grill or flat top burner was invented that the pans started to become more flat bottomed. I use to think when looking at Paella that it was just the Spanish version of Jambalaya, or the Italian Risotto. While there are similarities they really are quite different. Traditionally Jambalaya is cooked in a round pot over a fire, and Paella is cooked in a flat pan over high heat. Why the dimples in the pan ? Good question. The dimples serve several functions. They trap small amounts of liquid and thus promote even cooking, they make the pan rigid, and they prevent warping. They're also a nostalgic reminder of the days when paella pans were hand hammered. Some people claim that the dimples keep the rice from sticking to the pan, but I'm (Sarah Jay) not convinced. For one thing, rice sticking to the bottom of the pan is not something you want to avoid, since it helps foster one of the most succulent and seductive aspects of paella, something called socarrat ( the crusty bottom layer of rice) Cooking Paella over Fire The Paella traditionally is cooked over an open fire. The Mediterranean is known for developing the art of frying, because of the lack of good slow burning firewood. The available branches were of high acid content that made a very hot fire. The Rice Two types of rice of Spain is small rounded medium size grains that absorb the flavors and stock well, but keep their shape. This is different than the rice for Risotto that breaks up a bit and develops a creamy texture. The most popular rice is Bomba rice. The Meats and Vegetables Depending on the region in Spain , the meats an


Which company makes the chocolate sweets Smarties?

Parallels: Fizzers, Rockets, and Smarties: idsgn (a design blog) Parallels: Fizzers, Rockets, and Smarties Comments: + October 30 2009 It’s almost Halloween and no trick-or-treat bag is complete without a twisty, colorful roll of (depending where you call home) Smarties, Fizzers, or Rockets. Admittedly not one of my most favorites, the chalky pastel-colored candy could usually be found near the bottom of my treat bag. Weeks after Halloween they would remain next to the yellow lollipops, little boxes of raisins , and—the worst offender—the  rock-hard , black-and-orange wrapped  molasses candies (an oddity of growing up in Canada). Whatever name you know them by, they are essentially the same rolled-up tablets which originated as Fizzers. The candy was first created in the 1930’s by British confectioners  Swizzels Matlow (made famous for their  Love Hearts ) and are still sold in the United Kingdom and Australia under that name. L-R: Smarties (Photo: J. Smith, Wikipedia), Fizzers (Photo: Retro Tuck Shop), Rockets (Photo: Danielle Scott, Flickr) The fizzy candy first arrived in the North America in 1949 when the brother of a Swizzles Matlow partner came to the United States and started the  Ce De Candy company. Smarties, as they became known in the U.S., are also manufactured and sold in Canada by the same company. But not as Smarties… Where Smarties are not Smarties To the rest of the world Smarties means chocolate (and depending who you ask, a more favorable Halloween treat). Similar to plain M&M ’s,  Nestlé Smarties were first sold in England as “Chocolate Beans” in the 1880’s before adopting the “Smarties” name in 1937. The equally colorful candy is popular in the UK, Germany, Australia, South Africa and Canada—where it’s common to  eat the red ones last . Above: Canadian Smarties packaging (Photo: pollyalida, Flickr); Below: Comparing M&Ms (left) with British Smarties (Photo: fritish, Flickr) So, to avoid confusion (and lawsuits) Canadians have the nearly identically packaged Rockets instead—and Americans, unfortunately, miss out on the chocolate variety. Timeless fizz 60 years after its introduction in North America, Smarties and Rockets are still instantly recognizable. With its timeless packaging and Tuscan-style slab serif type, it has gone mostly unchanged for decades… except as designer  Rob Giampietro points out: Today’s Smarties differ in one unfortunate respect: they depict the package on the package itself. Maybe it’s a symptom of our meta-obsessed times, or maybe it’s a fear of pure abstraction, but this minor graphic revision leaves the prospective Smarties consumer feeling a bit of the  Dröste Effect … In North America, Ce De Candy currently sells an astonishing 2.5 billion rolls of the candy per year—proving that kids today are still addicted . Also see:


What is the most popular fruit in the world?

Best Fruits | Most Popular Fruit List The Most Delicious Fruits Originally By analise.dubner 55k votes 3.7k voters 122k views 118 items tags f t p @ List Criteria: No fruits that are commonly believed to be vegetables, like tomatoes, cucumbers and zucchini The most delicious fruits are edible, popular and easily accessible fruits. Fruit contains fiber, stimulates memory, has zero cholesterol and is delicious! How can you go wrong? Browse this list of popular fruit and vote for your favorites or take it a step further and rank your own version. If you see a fruit missing, add it! Fruits are not just good, they are also good for you containing a wide variety of vitamins and minerals to keep you healthy and happy. There's a reason why they say "an apple a day keeps the doctor away" or why someone might recommend drinking orange juice when sick. Apples contain Vitamin A and C, plus a good deal of fiber, great for reducing cholesterol and keeping that digestive tract healthy. Oranges, like other yummy citrus fruits like lemons, limes and grapefruits, contain a boatload of vitamin C, great for the immune system. But going beyond the health benefits of these best fruits, they're all delicious. What's better than a nice hot day with great summer fruits like watermelon, pineapple and strawberries for an afternoon snack? Bananas are great alone or sliced up in a bowl of cereal. Peaches, raspberries, pears, cherries and blueberries are all awesome too with just enough sweetness to make you forget you're eating healthy foods and enjoying it. Whichever fruit you think is the most delicious, they are all good choices for snacking, adding to a meal or using in other recipes. Choosing nutritious fruits over sugary processed snacks is always a wise decision and with the sweet deliciousness of these best fruits, the choice is easy. Chances are, almost all of us have a favorite fruit. With so much variety, it's not hard to find a top choice on this list. Still, it's hard to deny that certain fruits win any popularity contest hands down. Many of the top choices are also some of the best summer fruits to keep around : watermelon, strawberries, pineapples and peaches. In season, these fruits are almost impossible to resist. Of course, some great fruits can be found year-round in many areas, so fruit lovers are never without a favorite snack. Apples, bananas, pomegranates and oranges are almost always available, for example. And in terms of sheer health benefits, a lot of the fruits listed here are about way more than good taste. Some, like blueberries, grapes and apples, also double as some of the healthiest superfoods around , supplying essential nutrients that help our bodies run at optimum level. It also doesn't hurt that some of the best fruits are also among the best healthy snacks for kids . Don't believe it? Cut up a variety of some of these great fruits and see how fast they get consumed by the kiddos! 2 See list ranked by Z G Options B Comments & Embed 2rerank list 1 often listed & ranked high on reranks Why is this #39? Navel Orange ranked low on reranks Why is this #42? Gala Apple often listed & ranked high on reranks Why is this #47? Wild Black Cherry ranked low on reranks Why is this #50? Pink Lady Apple


What type of food is John Montagu credited with inventing in 1765, who said that he liked this food because be could continue to gamble at the same time as eating it?

The Food Timeline: history notes--sandwiches Who invented the sandwich? When? Where? And Why? Acknowledging the fact that combinations of bread/pastry filled with meat or cheese and dressed with condiments have been enjoyed since ancient times, Food historians generally attribute the creation of the sandwich, as we know it today, to John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich . This Englishman was said to have been fond of gambling. As the story goes, in 1762, during a 24 hour gambling streak he instructed a cook to prepare his food in such a way that it would not interfere with his game. The cook presented him with sliced meat between two pieces of toast. Perfect! This meal required no utensils and could be eaten with one hand, leaving the other free to continue the game. Sadly, the name of real inventor of the sandwich (be it inventive cook or the creative consumer) was not recorded for posterity. Recipes for sandwiches were not immediately forthcoming in cookbooks. Why? In England they were (at first) considered restaurant fare. In America? Many colonial cooks in the last half of the 18th century were not especially fond of imitating British culinary trends. Did colonial American cooks make sandwiches? Probably...most likely, though you will be hard pressed to find solid evidence. When viewed in historical context, it is understandable why Americans didn't begin calling their bread and meat combinations "sandwiches" until [long after the Revolution & War of 1812] the late 1830s. The primary difference between early English and American sandwiches? In England beef was the meat of choice; in America it was ham. A simple matter of local protein supply. Or??! A tasty opportunity to promote government split. You decide. This is what the food historians have to say: "The bread-enclosed convenience food known as the "sandwich" is attributed to John Montagu, fourth Earl of Sandwich (1718-1792), a British statesman and notorious profligate and gambler, who is said to be the inventor of this type of food so that he would not have to leave his gaming table to take supper. In fact, Montague was not the inventor of the sandwich; rather, during his excursions in the Eastern Mediterranean, he saw grilled pita breads and small canapes and sandwiches served by the Greeks and Turks during their mezes, and copied the concept for its obvious convenience. There is no doubt, however, that the Earl of Sandwich made this type of light repast popular among England's gentry, and in this way, his title has been associated with the sandwich ever since. The concept is supremely simple: delicate finger food is served between two slices of bread in a culinary practice of ancient origins among the Greeks and other Mediterranean peoples. Literary references to sandwiches begin to appear in English during the 1760s, but also under the assumption that they are a food consumed primarily by the masculine sex during late night drinking parties. The connotation does not change until the sandwich moves into general society as a supper food for late night balls and similar events toward the end of the eighteenth century...Charlotte Mason was one of the first English cookbook authors to provide a recipe for sandwiches...During the nineteenth century, as midday dinner moved later and later into the day, the need for hot supper declined, only to be replaced with light dishes made of cold leftovers, ingredients for which the sandwich proved preeminently suitable. Thus the sandwich became a fixture of intimate evening suppers, teas, and picnics, and popular fare for taverns and inns. This latter genre of sandwich has given rise to multitudes of working class creations...During the early years of the railroad, sandwiches proved an ideal form of fast food, especially since they could be sold at train stations when everyone got off to buy snacks...During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the sandwich came into its own, especially as a response to the Temperance Movement. Taverns and saloons offered free sandwiches with drinks in order to attract customers


How is the chemical compound Polyvinyl Chloride better known?

polyvinyl chloride (PVC) | chemical compound | Britannica.com Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) matter Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a synthetic resin made from the polymerization of vinyl chloride . Second only to polyethylene among the plastics in production and consumption , PVC is used in an enormous range of domestic and industrial products, from raincoats and shower curtains to window frames and indoor plumbing . A lightweight, rigid plastic in its pure form, it is also manufactured in a flexible “plasticized” form. Vinyl chloride is an organohalogen compound that has important industrial applications. When … Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Vinyl chloride (CH2=CHCl), also known as chloroethylene, is most often obtained by reacting ethylene with oxygen and hydrogen chloride over a copper catalyst . It is a toxic and carcinogenic gas that is handled under special protective procedures. PVC is made by subjecting vinyl chloride to highly reactive compounds known as free-radical initiators. Under the action of the initiators, the double bond in the vinyl chloride monomers (single-unit molecules) is opened, and one of the resultant single bonds is used to link together thousands of vinyl chloride monomers to form the repeating units of polymers (large, multiple-unit molecules). The chemical structure of the vinyl chloride repeating units is: PVC was first prepared by the German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann in 1872, but it was not patented until 1912, when another German chemist, Friedrich Heinrich August Klatte, used sunlight to initiate the polymerization of vinyl chloride. Commercial application of the plastic was at first limited by its extreme rigidity; however, in 1926, while trying to dehydrohalogenate PVC in a high-boiling solvent in order to obtain an unsaturated polymer that might bond rubber to metal , Waldo Lunsbury Semon , working for the B.F. Goodrich Company in the United States , produced what is now called plasticized PVC. The discovery of this flexible, inert product was responsible for the commercial success of the polymer. Under the trademark Koroseal, Goodrich made the plastic into shock-absorber seals, electric-wire insulation, and coated cloth products. One of the best-known applications of the plastic was initiated in 1930, when the Union Carbide and Carbon Corporation (later the Union Carbide Corporation ) introduced Vinylite, a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate that became the standard material of long-playing phonograph records. Similar Topics polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) Pure PVC finds application in the construction trades, where its rigidity, strength, and flame resistance are useful in pipes, conduits , siding , window frames, and door frames. It is also blow-molded into clear, transparent bottles. Because of its rigidity, it must be extruded or molded above 100 °C (212 °F)—a temperature high enough to initiate chemical decomposition (in particular, the emission of hydrogen chloride [HCl]). Decomposition can be reduced by the addition of stabilizers, which are mainly compounds of metals such as cadmium , zinc , tin , or lead . major industrial polymers: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) In order to arrive at a product that remains flexible, especially at low temperatures, most PVC is heated and mixed with plasticizers , which are sometimes added in concentrations as high as 50 percent. The most commonly used plasticizer is the compound di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), also known as dioctyl phthalate (DOP). Plasticized PVC is familiar to consumers as floor tile, garden hose, imitation leather upholstery, and shower curtains. Learn how tinsel evolved from a source of lead poisoning to its present polyvinyl chloride (PVC) … © American Chemical Society (A Britannica Publishing Partner) Very fine particles of PVC can be dispersed in plasticizer in excess of the amount used to make plasticized PVC (e.g., 50 percent or more), and this suspension can be heated until the polymer particles dissolve. The resultant fluid, called a plastisol, will remain liquid even after cooling but will solidify into a gel upon


Which three elements make up carbohydrates?

What Three Elements Are in All Carbohydrates Including Sugar? | Healthy Eating | SF Gate What Three Elements Are in All Carbohydrates Including Sugar? What Three Elements Are in All Carbohydrates Including Sugar? All carbohydrates contain carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. Carbohydrates often receive negative attention as the dieter's enemy. Yet the American Dietetic Association argues that they should be your main source of energy, accounting for 45 to 65 percent of your total daily calories. That's because carbs are your body's quickest fuel source, ultimately yielding the simple sugar glucose. Glucose fuels metabolic reactions throughout your body and is the only form of energy that your brain can use. Carbohydrate Definition The name "carbohydrate" reveals the chemical make up of this nutrient class. Indeed, "carbo" means carbon, while "hydrate" means water, a combination of hydrogen and oxygen molecules. All carbohydrates, including sugar, therefore contain the same three elements: carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Different arrangements of these elements form single units to make different types of carbohydrates. Glucose, for instance, is a single-unit carb with six carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and six oxygen atoms. Simple vs. Complex The term sugar usually refers to one- or two-unit carbs. These are simple carbs. In scientific language, they're known as monosaccharides or disaccharides. "Mono" means one, while "di-" means two and "saccharide" means sugar. Fruit sugar and table sugar are common examples of mono- and disaccharides, respectively. Carbs with three or more sugar units fall in the category of complex carbs, or polysaccharides. Starches are a typical example. Oxygen Oxygen is by far the most common element in your body, accounting for about 61 percent of human mass. Respiration depends on it, but it also helps form numerous compounds throughout your body. Oxygen's role as a component of water is especially critical to life, since water sustains living organisms. Each water molecule contains one hydrogen and two oxygen. Carbon Carbon alone makes up nearly 23 percent of the human body, ranking as the second most common element. Derived from the Latin word for charcoal, carbon is so critical to life that scientists have devoted a whole branch of chemistry to it, namely organic chemistry. As a building block, carbon attaches to other elements to form a myriad of compounds. Carbohydrates are only some of the 10 million or so compounds that carbon can help build, according to the Minerals Education Coalition. Hydrogen Hydrogen's Greek origin means "water forming." To be faithful to the saying that "water is life," hydrogen alone makes up almost 75 percent of all matter in the universe, according to the MEC. However, in the human body, it only accounts for 10 percent of all elements, ranking third behind oxygen and carbon. Pure hydrogen is highly flammable, so your body uses it as a component of water. It's in that form that it helps build most organic molecules and some minerals. American dietetic Association Complete Food and Nutrition Guide (3rd edition); Roberta Duyff Larson, M.S., R.D. About the Author Suzanne Fantar has been writing online since 2009 as an outlet for her passion for fitness, nutrition and health. She enjoys researching and writing about health, but also takes interest in family issues, poetry, music, Christ, nature and learning. She holds a bachelor's degree in biological sciences from Goucher College and a MBA in healthcare management from the University of Baltimore. Photo Credits


Which famous scientist was born in Germany in 1879, became a Swiss citizen in 1901 and later became a US citizen in 1940?

Albert Einstein Collectibles Albert Einstein collectibles 0 0 Albert Einstein (1879-1955) was a German-born Swiss-United States scientist, regarded as being the most famous scientist of the 20th century. The most famous aspect of Einstein’s legacy is his "special theory of relativity," a groundbreaking notion which laid the foundation for much of modern physics theory (including his famous equation e=mc²). According to market analysis, Einstein's autograph has risen in value by 252.9% (from an average price of £1,750 to £6,000) over the last 10 years. Biography Albert Einstein was born to a Jewish family in Germany, and grew up in Munich. In 1894, he moved to Aarau, Switzerland, and later attended a technical school in Zürich. He graduated in 1900. Around this time, Einstein renounced his German citizenship, later becoming a Swiss citizen in 1901. It was in 1905, while working as a clerk in a Swiss patent office, that Einstein published a paper proposing his "special theory of relativity.”The paper won him worldwide fame, one of four articles he that year: on Brownian motion; the photoelectric effect; and two on his special theory of relativity (one including his famous e=mc² equation). Einstein’s renown led to him holding various professorships before becoming director of Berlin's Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics in 1913. His general theory of relativity was published in 1915, and he later received a Nobel Prize in 1921 for his work on the photoelectric effect. (His work on relativity was still controversial at this time). His theories of relativity and gravitation were a profound advancement on Newtonian physics. When Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany in 1934, Einstein resigned from his position at the Prussian Academy and moved to Princeton, New Jersey, United States. There he joined the Institute for Advanced Study. In 1939, Einstein was instrumental in persuading President Franklin Roosevelt to begin the production of an atomic bomb, dubbed the Manhattan Project. His own theories furthered the development of the bomb – though Einstein didn’t work on it himself – and was key in producing the bomb which destroyed Hiroshima in 1945. He became a U.S. citizen in 1940 while retaining his Swiss citizenship, and later declined an offer to become the first prime minister of Israel. He died in April 18, 1955, in Princeton, United States. Notable collectibles Photograph (with inscription) A famous photograph of Einstein and his tongue sticking out was sold by RR Auctions for $74,000 in 2009. Said the auction house’s Head of PR, Bobby Livingstone: "When we had the German inscription translated, it explained his intentions for the photo which was basically freedom of expression." Signed manuscripts Manuscripts containing a revealing account by Einstein’s efforts to generalise his post-Newtonian General Theory of Relativity – considered to be among the most important Einstein documents to have appeared on the market – appeared at Christie’s on 22nd June, 2010. It sold for $578,500. Related to Einstein’s involvement in the nuclear bomb, in 2010 Heritage Auction Galleries' sold a signed and typed letter from 1952, written by Einstein to scientist and author Kenneth Heuer. It included the following: "About the technical development in the field of atomic energy: I was not interested in that matter for years but rather disgusted by the course it has taken in the hands of short-sighted politicians… To me it is enough to know that the continuation of the existence of human beings is in serious doubt if no supra-national solution can be achieved." The letter sold for a final price of $11,950 in Dallas, Texas. Unique collectibles X-rays of Einstein’s skull went under the hammer at Julien’s Auctions in 2010 with an estimated price of $1,000-2,000. In the end, the X-rays sold for $38,035.


Newton's Law of Gravity - Basic Principles Newton's Law of Gravity Sign Up for Our Free Newsletters Thanks, You're in! What I Learned About Today You might also enjoy: Health Tip of the Day Recipe of the Day There was an error. Please try again. Please select a newsletter. Please enter a valid email address. Did you mean ? Newton did think about gravity watching apples fall from trees, but he didn't have a "eureka" moment by having on fall on his head. That's just not true!.  pinstock, Getty Images Updated August 10, 2016. Newton's law of gravity defines the attractive force between all objects that possess mass . Understanding the law of gravity, one of the fundamental forces of physics , offers profound insights into the way our universe functions. The Proverbial Apple The famous story that Isaac Newton came up with the idea for the law of gravity by having an apple fall on his head is not true, although he did begin thinking about the issue on his mother's farm when he saw an apple fall from a tree. He wondered if the same force at work on the apple was also at work on the moon. If so, why did the apple fall to the Earth and not the moon? Along with his Three Laws of Motion , Newton also outlined his law of gravity in the 1687 book Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy) , which is generally referred to as the Principia. continue reading below our video What Are the Major Laws of Physics? Johannes Kepler (German physicist, 1571-1630) had developed three laws governing the motion of the five then-known planets. He did not have a theoretical model for the principles governing this movement, but rather achieved them through trial and error over the course of his studies. Newton's work, nearly a century later, was to take the laws of motion he had developed and apply them to planetary motion to develop a rigorous mathematical framework for this planetary motion. Gravitational Forces Newton eventually came to the conclusion that, in fact, the apple and the moon were influenced by the same force. He named that force gravitation (or gravity) after the Latin word gravitas which literally translates into "heaviness" or "weight." In the Principia, Newton defined the force of gravity in the following way (translated from the Latin): Every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the particles and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Mathematically, this translates into the force equation: FG = Gm1m2/r2 In this equation, the quantities are defined as: Fg = The force of gravity (typically in newtons) G = The gravitational constant, which adds the proper level of proportionality to the equation. The value of G is 6.67259 x 10-11 N * m2 / kg2, although the value will change if other units are being used. m1 & m1 = The masses of the two particles (typically in kilograms) r = The straight-line distance between the two particles (typically in meters) Interpreting the Equation This equation gives us the magnitude of the force, which is an attractive force and therefore always directed toward the other particle. As per Newton's Third Law of Motion , this force is always equal and opposite. Newton's Three Laws of Motion give us the tools to interpret the motion caused by the force and we see that the particle with less mass (which may or may not be the smaller particle, depending upon their densities) will accelerate more than the other particle. This is why light objects fall to the Earth considerably faster than the Earth falls toward them. Still, the force acting on the light object and the Earth is of identical magnitude, even though it doesn't look that way. It is also significant to note that the force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the objects. As objects get further apart, the force of gravity drops very quickly. At most distances, only objects with very high masses such as planets, stars, galaxies, and black holes have


In which year was the microscope invented?

What year was the microscope invented? | Reference.com What year was the microscope invented? A: Quick Answer Although there is no single inventor of the microscope, in 1595, Zacharias Janssen and his father, Hans, invented the first compound microscope. Both glasses makers, their invention proved that a series of lenses inside a tube creates an enlarged image. Full Answer The Janssens' microscope was hand-held and consisted of bi-convex and plano-convex lenses that could magnify images up to 10 times their actual size. In the 1600s, Anton van Leeuwenhoek developed a simple microscope with a more powerful focus and magnification to view microorganisms and cells. Robert Hooke's compound microscope used illumination to observe plant and animal cells, minerals and fossils. In the 1800s, Carl Zeiss, Otto Schott and Ernst Abbe further studied magnification and improved the color accuracy and glass. Ernst Ruska invented the first electron lens in 1931.


What are the next four words in the first line of the popular rhyme which starts Remember, remember the fifth of November?

The Number 5 in "V For Vendetta" | Hoopla! The Number 5 in "V For Vendetta" Wrath, Groucho:30, 6006 YD There are numerous references throughout V for Vendetta to the number 5 and letter V, which is itself “5” in Roman numerals: -The character V is seen reading and quoting from Thomas Pynchon ‘s novel, V., and listening to Beethoven’s fifth symphony. -The piece’s famous leitmotif, occuring most prominently throughout the first movement – with three short notes and one long – can represent the morse code identifier for the letter V. This code was used as a call sign by the BBC during World War II. -When V confronts Creedy in Creedy’s greenhouse, he begins playing the fifth symphony as well. -Beethoven himself used to refer to those opening notes as ‘Fate knocking on the door’. ‘Fate’ is the name of the supercomputer belonging to the Leader, Adam Susan in the novel. -V introduces himself to Evey with a five-syllable phrase: “You may call me V.” A large part of V’s speech is in iambic pentameter, which is comprised of five iambs. -The phrase “Remember, remember, the fifth of November” is referenced. This is the first line of a nursery rhyme detailing the exploits of Guy Fawkes. The full rhyme is, ‘Remember, remember the fifth of November, the gunpowder, treason and plot. I know of no reason, why the gunpowder treason, should ever be forgot.’ -Evey’s name—”Evey” —is actually composed of “E” (the fifth letter of the alphabet), “V” (5 in Roman numerals, and the fifth letter from the end of the alphabet), and “Y” (25th letter of the alphabet, or 5 squared). -V is eventually identified as the prisoner from Room 5 at Larkhill Internment Camp. The five doors are labeled with Roman numerals, so Room 5 is emblazoned with a “V”. -In numerous apartment scenes, V is filmed stationary with his arms slightly apart from his body, forming an inverted V “5” converted to binary numerals is “101”, so “Room 5” is “Room 101”. This is an allusion to the infamous torture chamber in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four. -V’s hideout is accessed from the closed Victoria tube station, the damaged sign of which resembles a sideways V when Finch locates it. -V’s personal motto consists of the Latin phrase Vi Veri Vniversum Vivus Vici (By the power of truth, I, while living, have conquered the universe), which in turn consists of five words that begin with the letter V (“U” is written as “V” in Latin). In the comic, and consequently in the movie, it was wrongly spelled “Vi Veri Veniversum Vivus Vici” -“V for Vendetta” has 5 syllables. -November is the only month in the Gregorian calendar with the letter V in it. -The woman who dies in the cell next to that of V at Larkhill is named Valerie Page. The name “Valerie” begins with the letter V. -As Evey appears to give her speech to the public after she has assumed the identity of V, the visual angle of the frame causes a V to be formed between the edges of the building she is standing on and the building behind her. -In the comic, when he’s about to send off the train filled with explosives, V asks Evey to give him a viking funeral. Viking starts with the letter V. Vikings believed they would be sent to Valhalla, by Valkyries. Furthermore, the Vikings believed in two god families : the Aesir and their rivals, the Vanir (notice, once again, the letter V – besides, both “Aesir” and “Vanir” are written with five letters). -After being shot multiple times, killing Creedy and his men, and removing the steel plate from under his cloak, V staggers off and leans against a wall for a second in pain. The blood mark he leaves on the wall is in the shape of a “V”. This all draws on The Law of Fives , in particular how it was expressed in The Illuminatus ! Trilogy [3] specifically: “And everything really follows the Fives’ law?” Joe asked. “More than you guess,” Dillinger remarked blandly. “Even when you’re dealing with social fields, ” Simon added. “We’ve run studies of cultures where the Illuminati were not in control, and they still follow Weishaupt’s five-stage pattern: Verwirrung, Zweitracht, Unordnung, Beamtenherr


Who had a hit single in 1989 with We Didn't Start The Fire?

“We Didn’t Start The Fire” was an accidental hit that captured craziness · We're No. 1 · The A.V. Club Share Tweet In We’re No. 1 , The A.V. Club examines a song or an album that went to No. 1 on the Billboard charts to get to the heart of what it means to be popular in pop music, and how that concept has changed over the years. In this installment, we cover Billy Joel’s “We Didn’t Start The Fire,” which went to No. 1 on December 9, 1989, where it stayed for two weeks. As the end of the ’80s approached, Billy Joel was at a crossroads. Career-wise, he was branching out successfully, between his 1987 concerts in the U.S.S.R. and his leading-dog appearance as Dodger in Disney’s 1988 cartoon Oliver & Company. His marriage to Christie Brinkley was also on seemingly solid ground. However, Joel’s financial life was another story. The piano man was enmeshed in a massive multimillion-dollar lawsuit with his ex-manager (and, to complicate things, ex-brother-in-law) Frank Weber—a lawsuit that, when filed in 1989, sought “more than $90 million in damages for fraud and breach of fiduciary duty,” reported Rolling Stone . Plus, he had a painful kidney stones episode the day before the suit was filed, just one in a long line of high-profile brushes with the affliction. In light of all this, it’s no surprise that Joel’s notoriously restless nature flared up as he geared up to write and release what would become his 11th studio LP, 1989’s Storm Front. “Billy’s the kind of guy that likes to change things,” says Liberty DeVitto, who drummed for Joel from the mid-’70s to the mid-’00s. “He doesn’t like to do the same thing. It doesn’t matter what it is—musicians, studios, wives, whatever. He doesn’t stick around with things too long. I think I was there the longest of anything he’s ever done.” In the case of Storm Front, Joel decided not to work with producer Phil Ramone—who had worked with him on every album from 1977’s The Stranger to 1986’s The Bridge—and instead chose Foreigner’s Mick Jones as producer. (Eddie Van Halen was also in the running, but the timing didn’t align.) “Billy was a formidable songwriter to start with, so going in and critiquing him, I had to summon up a bit of strength there to face doing that,” Jones recalled in 2013 . “But it worked very well.” Joel also shook up his touring band, replacing guitarist Russell Javors and bassist Doug Stegmeyer. “I remember we were in Australia,” DeVitto says, “and Billy got me in his dressing room at the Sydney Entertainment Centre, and said, ‘What do you think if I made an album with a whole new band and just you?’” The drummer was torn; Javors and Stegmeyer were long-time pals—in fact, he had known the former since he was 14 years old. “That statement threw me back, like, ‘Oh my God. These are my friends,” DeVitto recalls. “But you have kids to support—and his name’s on the cover—so what can I say, but, ‘Uh, yeah, okay.’ I thought hopefully he would tell them, but they found out on MTV, when MTV announced it.” Despite this turbulence, Storm Front emerged rather seamlessly, hitting the top of the Billboard charts two months after its release—the same week the album’s lead single, “We Didn’t Start The Fire,” was also at No. 1. “We Didn’t Start The Fire” was uncharacteristically aggressive for Joel, de-emphasizing piano and playing up flashy electric guitar squeals and shouted, forceful vocals. Lyrically, it was also intriguing—not a character study, mini-story, or a love song, but a stream-of-consciousness tune that recited major historical events, personalities, and trends stretching over four decades. For as complicated as the verses are, DeVitto took a relatively direct approach to his drumming on the song. “I just started playing straight ahead,” he says. “I laid down the basic drums that you hear during the verse—it’s just straight bass drum on the one and three, snare drum on the two and four and then in the chorus, I just go straight bass drums, straight fours. That’s the only thing that I do on that song.” Some of the song’s additional percussive sizzle comes courtesy of ex-J


How many barrels of gunpowder were discovered in the cellars of Westminster Hall as part of Guy Fawkes' gunpowder plot? 36, 96 or 266?

Gunpowder Plot : definition of Gunpowder Plot and synonyms of Gunpowder Plot (English) Result Failure, plotters executed The Gunpowder Plot of 1605, in earlier centuries often called the Gunpowder Treason Plot or the Jesuit Treason, was a failed assassination attempt against King James I of England and VI of Scotland by a group of provincial English Catholics led by Robert Catesby . The plan was to blow up the House of Lords during the State Opening of England's Parliament on 5 November 1605, as the prelude to a popular revolt in the Midlands during which James's nine-year-old daughter, Princess Elizabeth , was to be installed as the Catholic head of state . Catesby may have embarked on the scheme after hopes of securing greater religious tolerance under King James had faded, leaving many English Catholics disappointed. His fellow plotters were John Wright , Thomas Wintour , Thomas Percy , Guy Fawkes , Robert Keyes , Thomas Bates , Robert Wintour , Christopher Wright , John Grant , Sir Ambrose Rookwood , Sir Everard Digby and Francis Tresham . Fawkes, who had 10 years of military experience fighting in the Spanish Netherlands in suppression of the Dutch Revolt , was given charge of the explosives. The plot was revealed to the authorities in an anonymous letter sent to William Parker, 4th Baron Monteagle , on 26 October 1605. During a search of the House of Lords at about midnight on 4 November 1605, Fawkes was discovered guarding 36 barrels of gunpowder —enough to reduce the House of Lords to rubble—and arrested. Most of the conspirators fled from London as they learnt of the plot's discovery, trying to enlist support along the way. Several made a stand against the pursuing Sheriff of Worcester and his men at Holbeche House ; in the ensuing battle Catesby was one of those shot and killed. At their trial on 27 January 1606, eight of the survivors, including Fawkes, were convicted and sentenced to be hanged, drawn and quartered . Details of the assassination attempt were allegedly known by the principal Jesuit of England, Father Henry Garnet . Although Garnet was convicted and sentenced to death, doubt has been cast on how much he really knew of the plot. As its existence was revealed to him through confession , Garnet was prevented from informing the authorities by the absolute confidentiality of the confessional. Although anti-Catholic legislation was introduced soon after the plot's discovery, many important and loyal Catholics retained high office during King James I's reign. The thwarting of the Gunpowder Plot was commemorated for many years afterwards by special sermons and other public events such as the ringing of church bells, which have evolved into the Bonfire Night of today. Contents   Elizabeth I , who persecuted English Catholics . Between 1533 and 1540, the Tudor King Henry VIII took control of the English Church from Rome, the start of several decades of religious tension in England. English Catholics struggled in a society dominated by the newly separate and increasingly Protestant Church of England . Henry's daughter, Elizabeth I , responded to the growing religious divide by introducing the Elizabethan Religious Settlement , which required anyone appointed to a public or church office to swear allegiance to the monarch as head of the Church and state. The penalties for refusal were severe; fines were imposed for recusancy , and repeat offenders risked imprisonment and execution. Catholicism became marginalised, but despite the threat of torture or execution priests continued to practise their faith in secret. [1] Succession Queen Elizabeth was unmarried, childless, and steadfastly refused to name an heir. Many Catholics believed that her Catholic cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots , was the legitimate heir to the English throne, but she had been executed for treason in 1587. The English Secretary of State , Robert Cecil , negotiated secretly with Mary's son, James VI of Scotland , who had a strong claim to the English throne as Elizabeth's first cousin twice removed. [nb 1] In the months before Elizabeth's dea


Which TV series featured Brett Butler playing the main character called Grace Kelly?

Grace Under Fire (TV Series 1993–1998) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Grace is a recovering alcoholic, now divorced from an abusive husband, struggling to bring up three children on her own. Creator: a list of 26 titles created 19 Feb 2012 a list of 28 titles created 09 Mar 2013 a list of 24 titles created 26 Dec 2013 a list of 26 titles created 30 Mar 2015 a list of 43 titles created 1 week ago Title: Grace Under Fire (1993–1998) 6.3/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for     3     Golden Globes. Another    7 wins & 19 nominations. See more awards  » Photos A struggling, middle-aged actress attempts to make a career in Hollywood, all while surrounded by her hard-drinking best friend Maryann, her two ex-husbands, Ira and Jeff, and her two daughters, headstrong Zoey and agreeable Rachel. Stars: Cybill Shepherd, Christine Baranski, Alicia Witt Ellen Morgan is a neurotic bookstore owner who deals with life through comedy and extensive rambling. Stars: Ellen DeGeneres, David Anthony Higgins, Joely Fisher Jack owns a magazine and is the former brother-in-law of Susan. After she runs out on her fiancé on their wedding day, Jack agrees to take her back at the magazine. Stars: Brooke Shields, Judd Nelson, Kathy Griffin Caroline Duffy is a successful cartoonist living in Manhattan whose comic strip "Caroline in the City" has become a huge hit. The strip is based on her own life, and the people in it - her ... See full summary  » Stars: Lea Thompson, Malcolm Gets, Amy Pietz Drew is an assistant director of personnel in a Cleveland department store and he has been stuck there for ten years. Other than fighting with co-worker Mimi, his hobbies include drinking ... See full summary  » Stars: Drew Carey, Diedrich Bader, Ryan Stiles     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6.3/10 X   A free spirited yoga instructor finds true love in a conservative lawyer and they got married on the first date. Though they are polar opposites; her need of stability is fulfilled with him, his need of optimism is fulfilled with her. Stars: Jenna Elfman, Thomas Gibson, Joel Murray Veronica is the best romance expert around. Unfortunately, her expertise only works on others. After dumping her womanizing husband, she must build back her life and image through her ... See full summary  » Stars: Kirstie Alley, Kathy Najimy, Dan Cortese Hot-tempered journalist Maya Gallo got herself fired from yet another job when she made an anchorwoman cry on the air with some gag copy on the teleprompter. Unable to find a job anywhere ... See full summary  » Stars: Laura San Giacomo, Enrico Colantoni, George Segal The misadventures of a tough female television journalist and her friends. Stars: Candice Bergen, Grant Shaud, Robert Pastorelli Yes, Dear is a comedy about two young couples and their outrageously contrasting views on parenting. First-time parents, Greg and Kim Warner struggle on a daily basis to become perfect at ... See full summary  » Stars: Anthony Clark, Liza Snyder, Jean Louisa Kelly Ned and Stacey get married after one week after meeting each other. He marries her to get a promotion. She marries him because she can't seem to find a place to live and likes his apartment... See full summary  » Stars: Thomas Haden Church, Debra Messing, Greg Germann After his wife leaves him for his best friend, John Lacey joins the One Two One Club, a support group for divorced and widowed people. The group consists of its fiery British leader Louise,... See full summary  » Stars: Judd Hirsch, Jere Burns, Jane Carr Edit Storyline After divorcing her abusive, alcoholic husband and recovering from her own alcoholism, Grace tries to rebuild her life and protect her children from making the same mistakes. Against this serious backdrop, this show is actually


In what year did the Gunpowder Plot take place?

The Gunpowder Plot of 1605 - History Learning Site Home   »   Stuart England   »  The Gunpowder Plot of 1605 The Gunpowder Plot of 1605 Citation: C N Trueman "The Gunpowder Plot of 1605" historylearningsite.co.uk. The History Learning Site, 17 Mar 2015. 16 Aug 2016. In November 1605, the infamous Gunpowder Plot took place in which some Catholics, most famously Guy Fawkes,  plotted to blow up James I, the first of the Stuart kings of England. The story is remembered each November 5th when ‘Guys’ are burned in a celebration known as “Bonfire Night”. The story appears to be very simple. Catholics in England had expected James to be more tolerant of them. In fact, he had proved to be the opposite and had ordered all Catholic priests to leave England. This so angered some Catholics that they decided to kill James and put his daughter Elizabeth on the throne ensuring that she was a Catholic. This led to a plot to kill not only the king of England, James, but also everyone sitting in the Houses of Parliament at the same time as James was there when he opened Parliament on November 5th, 1605. Guy Fawkes and his fellow conspirators, having rented out a house right by the Houses of Parliament,  managed to get 36 barrels of gunpowder into a cellar of the House of Lords. The other conspirators were: John Grant and the man who is said to have organised the whole plot Robert Catesby. The most famous picture of some the conspirators The explosive expert, Guy Fawkes, had been left in the cellars to set off the fuse. He was only caught when a group of guards decided to check the cellars at the last moment. Fawkes was arrested and sent to the Tower of London where he was tortured and eventually gave away the names of the fellow conspirators.  Sir William Wade, Lieutenant of the Tower, had orders to use whatever means of torture was required to get information from Fawkes. The order came from James.  Of those involved, some were shot as they were chased by the law such as Percy and Catesby. Others were captured, sent to the Tower and, after a brief trial, eventually hung, drawn and quartered, with Fawkes, in January 1606.    The signature of Guy Fawkes on his confession In celebration of his survival, James ordered that the people of England should have a great bonfire in the night on November 5th. This fire was traditionally topped off with an effigy of the pope rather than Guy Fawkes. His place at the top of the fire came in later as did fireworks. The East Sussex county town of Lewes still has the pope alongside Guy Fawkes when it comes to the effigies being burned. But is there more to this plot than just a small number of angry Catholics wanting to make a statement against the king, James? Some believe that the whole plot was a government conspiracy to convince James that Catholics could not be trusted. At the very least, some curious things happened when the story is looked at in detail. What is odd? We do know that James’ chief minister, Robert Cecil, the Earl of Salisbury, hated Catholics and saw them as a constant source of trouble. Cecil also feared that there was a chance that James would be lenient  with them during his reign and this he could not tolerate. That James only expelled priests was not good enough for Cecil. He wanted to remove Catholicism from England as he saw it as a threat. We know that James was terrified of a violent death; his childhood in Scotland had been fraught with danger including being kidnapped as a boy. What better way to get James to severely persecute the Catholics in England than to get him to believe that they had tried to kill him in this very violent manner? The government had a monopoly on gunpowder in this country and it was stored in places like the Tower of London. How did the conspirators get hold of 36 barrels of gunpowder without drawing attention to themselves? Did they get help from the government? How was the gunpowder moved across London from the Tower of London to Westminster (at least two miles distant) without anyone seeing it? The River Thames would not have been used as it could


What was Guy Fawkes real first name? Guido, Gundry or John?

Guy Fawkes Day: A Brief History - History in the Headlines Guy Fawkes Day: A Brief History November 5, 2012 By Jesse Greenspan Share this: Guy Fawkes Day: A Brief History Author Guy Fawkes Day: A Brief History URL Google Catholic dissident Guy Fawkes and 12 co-conspirators spent months planning to blow up King James I of England during the opening of Parliament on November 5, 1605. But their assassination attempt was foiled the night before when Fawkes was discovered lurking in a cellar below the House of Lords next to 36 barrels of gunpowder. Londoners immediately began lighting bonfires in celebration that the plot had failed, and a few months later Parliament declared November 5 a public day of thanksgiving. Guy Fawkes Day, also known as Bonfire Night, has been around in one form or another ever since. Though originally anti-Catholic in tone, in recent times it has served mainly as an excuse to watch fireworks, make bonfires, drink mulled wine and burn Guy Fawkes effigies (along with the effigies of current politicians and celebrities). Catholicism in England was heavily repressed under Queen Elizabeth I, particularly after the pope excommunicated her in 1570. During her reign, dozens of priests were put to death, and Catholics could not even legally celebrate Mass or be married according to their own rites. As a result, many Catholics had high hopes when King James I took the throne upon Elizabeth’s death in 1603. James’ wife, Anne, is believed to have previously converted to Catholicism, and his mother, Mary Queen of Scots, was Elizabeth’s Catholic archrival prior to being executed. There were even rumors, inspired by his diplomatic overtures to the pope, that James himself would become Catholic. It soon became clear, however, that James did not support religious tolerance for Catholics. In 1604 he publicly condemned Catholicism as a superstition, ordered all Catholic priests to leave England and expressed concern that the number of Catholics was increasing. He also largely continued with the repressive policies of his predecessor, such as fines for those refusing to attend Protestant services. Portrait of James I. English Catholics had organized several failed conspiracies against Elizabeth, and these continued under James. In 1603 a few priests and laymen hatched the so-called Bye Plot to kidnap James, only to be turned in by fellow Catholics. Another related conspiracy that year, known as the Main Plot, sought to kill James and install his cousin on the throne. Then, in May 1604, a handful of Catholic dissidents—Guy Fawkes, Robert Catesby, Tom Wintour, Jack Wright and Thomas Percy—met at the Duck and Drake inn in London, where Catesby proposed a plan to blow up the Houses of Parliament with gunpowder. Afterwards, all five men purportedly swore an oath of secrecy upon a prayer book. Eight other conspirators would later join what became known as the Gunpowder Plot. But although Catesby was the ringleader, Fawkes has garnered most of the publicity over the past 400-plus years. Born in 1570 in York, England, Fawkes spent about a decade fighting for Spain against Protestant rebels in the Spanish-controlled Netherlands. He also personally petitioned the king of Spain for help in starting an English rebellion against James. According to writings in the Spanish archives, Fawkes believed the English king was a heretic who would drive out his Catholic subjects. Fawkes also apparently expressed strong anti-Scottish prejudices. By 1605 Fawkes was calling himself Guido rather than Guy. He also used the alias John Johnson while serving as caretaker of a cellar—located just below the House of Lords—that the plotters had leased in order to stockpile gunpowder. Under the plan, Fawkes would light a fuse on November 5, 1605, during the opening of a new session of Parliament. James, his eldest son, the House of Lords and the House of Commons would all be blown sky-high. In the meantime, as Fawkes escaped by boat across the River Thames, his fellow conspirators would start an uprising in the English Midlands, kidnap James’ daughter E


In 2002, which position was Guy Fawkes voted into in BBC's 100 Greatest Britons poll?

Wings Over Scotland | A nationalist hero Wings Over Scotland Posted on      April 07, 2013     by Dave McEwan Hill On the 12th May 1916, a man born 48 years previously in Edinburgh’s Cowgate was strapped to a chair in Kilmainham Jail, Dublin and – after receiving the last rites – was shot by a firing squad. He was too weak to stand. In 2002 a BBC poll for its presentation of the “100 Greatest Britons” had him in 64th place. Yet he is hardly known in Scotland. Virtually the only time his name impinges on public consciousness is when those who wish to honour his name by public march in Edinburgh have to be given police protection from violent Unionist bigots . At the age of 14 James Connolly (with his brother John) had enrolled in the British Army under the name of Reid. A seven-year posting to Ireland undoubtedly had a significant effect. On return to Edinburgh he became heavily involved in workers’ causes and the Scottish Socialist Federation, becoming its secretary in place of John, who’d been sacked by Edinburgh Corporation for agitating for an eight-hour day. He abhorred the sectarian division fostered among Scotland’s working classes by unscrupulous employers to weaken worker solidarity. Connolly became an early member of Keir Hardie’s Independent Labour Party, and an acquaintance and inspiration to John McLean. (Connolly’s part in the Dublin Easter Rising and the subsequent independence of Ireland was a significant influence in McLean’s later formation of the independence-supporting Scottish Workers Republican Party.) There was great communication and cooperation between Scottish and Irish socialist organisations in the 1890s, and when a position as secretary of the Dublin Socialist Club – paying a pound a week – came up, Connolly (now struggling in Edinburgh with three children) applied for and got the position. There he very quickly became a right hand man to Jim Larkin, the Liverpool-born founder of the Irish Labour party. But it was in 1916 that Connolly stepped into history. On the 24th of April 1916 the two men at the head of a rebel Irish army declaring Irish independence were the son of an Englishman and an ex-British soldier born in Edinburgh. The commander-in-chief as the rebels seized the GPO in Dublin was Padraig Pearse and his second-in-command was James Connolly, leading the “Irish Citizens Army” – drawn from the Irish Trade Unions and Irish Labour Party. The citizens of Dublin were puzzled, somewhat amused and largely dismissive of the rebels who had seized a number of buildings in central Dublin. A Proclamation of the Republic was read out and the rebels settled in for a siege.  They held out under intense bombardment till the 30th of April. On surrender many of them, including a badly wounded Connolly, were bundled off to jail to await their individual desserts. Those who had signed the Proclamation had little doubt what fate awaited them. In the interim, Ireland had not risen as the rebels had hoped. Metropolitan Dubliners had shown little enthusiasm for insurrection, though Irish Home Rule and Dominion status was by a large distance the most popular political position of the day. The rubble in the city centre was cleared. Life went on. But just when the cause of independence seemed to have faltered, London stupidity intervened to revive it. Because in May, the executions started. The prevailing view in Ireland until then had probably been that these rebels, many of whom had marched in from impoverished rural Ireland, were “daft laddies”. The first batch of executions however sent a shockwave across the country. They might have been daft laddies but other daft laddies from Ireland were at that very moment in Europe fighting with Britain’s army for the freedom of small European nations. The comparison was drawn. The tide turned. Too late, the politicians in London understood their blunder. They suggested the executions be stopped. The military were having none of it. Appeals – like that from poet WB Yeats – that the execution of prisoners of war was a crime were ignored. The executions con


What was the name of the 1995 film starring Sandra Bullock as a computer expert whose identity is erased?

The Net (1995) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error A computer programmer stumbles upon a conspiracy, putting her life and the lives of those around her in great danger. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 35 titles created 08 Oct 2011 a list of 45 titles created 03 Nov 2012 a list of 40 titles created 27 Oct 2013 a list of 30 titles created 06 Mar 2014 a list of 21 titles created 6 months ago Search for " The Net " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. 2 wins & 1 nomination. See more awards  » Videos Two gifted high school students execute a "perfect" murder - then become engaged in an intellectual contest with a seasoned homicide detective. Director: Barbet Schroeder A big-city newspaper columnist is forced to enter a drug and alcohol rehab center after ruining her sister's wedding and crashing a stolen limousine. Director: Betty Thomas A hopeless romantic Chicago Transit Authority token collector is mistaken for the fiancée of a coma patient. Director: Jon Turteltaub A soon-to-be-married man encounters an exciting stranger after his plane suffers an accident on takeoff. Director: Bronwen Hughes An FBI agent must go undercover in the Miss United States beauty pageant to prevent a group from bombing the event. Director: Donald Petrie A young police officer must prevent a bomb exploding aboard a city bus by keeping its speed above 50 mph. Director: Jan de Bont Edit Storyline Angela Bennett's a software engineer type who works from home and has few friends outside of cyberspace. Taking her first vacation in years, she becomes embroiled in a web of computer espionage. Written by Rob Hartill See All (174)  » Taglines: Imagine a world where everything about you is on record. A world where every trace of your existence is on computer... A world which could easily be erased... See more  » Genres: Rated PG-13 for violence, some sexuality and brief strong language | See all certifications  » Parents Guide: 28 July 1995 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: Did You Know? Trivia At the beach scene, the book Angela has in hands and throws down shortly is 'Love in the Time of Cholera' by Gabriel García Márquez . See more » Goofs When Angela receives the disc that Dale sent her, they are talking on the phone and he is looking at his computer screen that says she signed for the disc 3 minutes ago. The tracking activity of the package is listed with only a time and no date. Tracking a dateless package would be rather useless for an international courier such as FedEx, which could take days for long trips. See more » Quotes [Angela, who already sent the incriminating info to the FBI at the last second, is approached and caught by Devlin and Marx] Jack : [shoves Angela over] Get away from the computer. What did think you were trying to do? Save the world? Angela Bennett : No. Not the world. Just myself. Jack : Ah, I'm afraid it's too late for that. The offer's been withdrawn. Angela Bennett : Um, you might wanna look at the screen, because everything on that disk was just sent to the FBI. Everything. Very well done and thought out. 10 April 2005 | by (jww@jwcomp.com) (Lawrenceville, NJ) – See all my reviews If you're actually reading this review, I give you a lot of credit. You care enough to actually look up this movie, which most people have forgotten about and then cared to read beyond the first review! So for your reading pleasure... I'm assuming you know the plot line already so I won't waste time typing that out. I will mention that Sandra Bullock did an amazing job with this movie. She really brought a lot of sympathy to the role of a computer programmer, often difficult to do. I can say this because I happen to be a computer programmer. Anyway, I thought the basic plot was a very good one. You can e


Where in the body would you find the metacarpus?

Metacarpals Definition, Function & Anatomy | Body Maps Your message has been sent. OK We're sorry, an error occurred. We are unable to collect your feedback at this time. However, your feedback is important to us. Please try again later. Close Metacarpals The metacarpals are long bones within the hand that are connected to the carpals, or wrist bones, and to the phalanges, or finger bones. The metacarpals together are referred to as the "metacarpus." The tops of the metacarpals form the knuckles where they join to the wrist. On the palm side, they are covered with connective tissue. You can feel and see the metacarpals on the back of your hand, through your skin. The five metacarpals are called thumb metacarpal, index metacarpal, middle metacarpal, ring metacarpal, and small metacarpal. Ten percent of all fractures that occur are those to the metacarpals and phalanges, the most common injuries being from car accidents, sports injuries, and work-related injuries. The goal in repairing these injuries is to do so while maintaining strength of hand grip and no residual pain upon using the hand. Boxers tend to have high incidence of fracture to metacarpals, hence the term "Boxers Fracture."


Gary Lightbody from Northern Ireland is the lead singer with which band?

Gary Lightbody (Singer) - Pics, Videos, Dating, & News Gary Lightbody Male Born Jun 15, 1976 Dr Gary Lightbody is a Northern Irish musician and songwriter best known as the lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the alternative rock band Snow Patrol. related links Tired Pony Return On 'i Don't Want You As A Ghost' â Song Premiere Rolling Stone - Aug 26, 2013 ' Click to listen to Tired Pony\'s \"I Don\'t Want You As a Ghost\" When Gary Lightbody of Snow Patrol Peter Buck of REM and Richard Colburn of Belle and Sebastian began working on their next album as Tired Pony they had something special from the start opening song \"I Don\'t Want... ' Coldplay Member Appears On 'game Of Thrones' Huffington Post - Jun 03, 2013 '\n     \"Game of Thrones\" fans are still reeling from Sunday night\'s penultimate episode, \"The Rains of Castamere,\" a.k.a. the Red Wedding episode, a.k.a. you crazy for this one George RR Martin. Despite the blood and tears (and blood and blood), Episode 9 did feature one brief moment of levity for those viewers paying close attention: a cameo appearance from Coldplay drummer Will Champion. \n\n Champion played a drummer in the episode, casting that was first announced by EW.com back... New Game Of Thrones Season 3 Poster As Unforgiving As Stone Boom Tron - Nov 16, 2012 ' \n Boom! March 2013 is a little over four months away, but you donât have to wait for todayâs teaser poster reveal for the next addictive season of Game of Thrones on HBO. You can see it now.Â The art work is cold, dark and made of stone, but it gets its point across. Dragons, kings and wildlings return on 03.31.13. The repetition of the number three is also very fitting. It is, after all, season three that weâre waiting on pins and needles for. I like the swords worked into the image. If it... Family And Friends Shocked By Death Of Massive Attack Vocalist Huffington Post - Oct 29, 2012 '\n     Fans and friends are paying tribute to Terry Callier, one of Massive Attack\'s most celebrated collaborators. \n\n The jazz and soul singer has died, aged 67, reportedly found dead at his home on Sunday, with saxophonist Gene Barge confirming his death to the Chicago Sun-Times. \n\n Terry Callier was rediscovered later in his career through collaborations with Beth Orton and Massive Attack \n\n Callier started his career aged 17 after signing a deal with Chess Records and recorde... Learn about the memorable moments in the evolution of Gary Lightbody. CHILDHOOD 1976 Birth Born in Bangor, County Down, Northern Ireland, to Jack and Lynne (nÃ©e Wray) Lightbody, on 15 June 1976, Jack Lightbody has been an independent business owner and has roots in Rosemount, Derry. … Read More Gary Lightbody has one sister, Sarah, and attended Rockport School and Campbell College. Read Less TEENAGE In 1994, Lightbody left home for Scotland to study English literature and English language at the University of Dundee. Lightbody formed a band with Mark McClelland and drummer Michael Morrison in 1994, called Shrug. … Read More Morrison left the band later, and the band were forced to change the name to Polarbear, as another band had claimed the name. In the band's first seven years of existence, they added drummer Jonny Quinn, released two albums (Songs for Polarbears, and When It's All Over We Still Have to Clear Up), and toured with bands such as Levellers, Ash and Travis. The band stayed in Glasgow during the recording of the first two albums. Lightbody used to hold a job at the Nice n Sleazy's Bar in Sauchiehall Street. Today, Lightbody owns a small place in Glasgow and says he will never leave the country behind, though he resides in Belfast. He feels an attachment to the place, as it gave him his first taste of success.

 In the early days, Lightbody used to drink very heavily, and in his words, was "irrational, erratic, neurotic". He had become frustrated by Snow Patrol's lack of financial success and felt lost and aimless. He started cursing at the audience and demolishing the band's equipment. He found himself breaking gu


What does the name of the terrorist group Al-Qaida translate as in English? The Base, The Book or The Beads?

‘Al Qaeda’s’ Arabic Translation is ‘Toilet’ | Theupliftingcrane's Blog ‘Al Qaeda’s’ Arabic Translation is ‘Toilet’ January 14, 2010 by theupliftingcrane ‘Al Qaeda’s’ Arabic Translation is ‘Toilet’ (Highlights) The widely known translation of ‘Al Qaeda’, sometimes spelled ‘Al Qaida’, is ‘The Base’. However, this is not the only translation of the ominous term. There is another. “Ana raicha Al Qaeda” is colloquial for “I’m going to the toilet”. A very common and widespread use of the word “Al-Qaeda” in different Arab countries in the public language is for the toilet bowl. This name comes from the Arabic verb “Qa’ada” which mean “to sit”, pertinently, on the “Toilet Bowl”. In most Arabs homes there are two kinds of toilets: “Al-Qaeda” also called the “Hamam Franji” or foreign toilet, and “Hamam Arabi” or “Arab toilet” which is a hole in the ground. Lest we forget it, the potty used by small children is called “Ma Qa’adia” or “Little Qaeda”. Why would a terrorist group call itself ‘The Toilet’? Did Osama really choose to name his terror network after potty humor? (The CIA came up with the name and are still laughing about it to this day.) “The truth is, there is no Islamic army or terrorist group called Al Qaida. And any informed intelligence officer knows this. But there is a propaganda campaign to make the public believe in the presence of an identified entity representing the ‘devil’ only in order to drive the TV watcher to accept a unified international leadership for a war against terrorism. The country behind this propaganda is the US.” ~ Former British Foreign Secretary Robin Cook Like this:


Who was the leader of the Labour party from 1980 to 1983?

Why did Labour lose in 1980s? Why did Labour lose in 1980s? by Martin Smith Published Sat 4 Dec 1999 Issue No. 1675 'WHEN KEN Livingstone was in charge of the Labour Party in London we were a byword for extremism. We were unelectable as a political party. I never want to go back to those days again.' This is Tony Blair's central argument why people should not back Ken Livingstone as Labour's candidate for mayor of London. It is a complete reversal of the truth. Labour's failure to beat the Tories does not lie with the left. It lies on the shoulders of Michael Foot, Neil Kinnock and other leading Labour Party figures. On three occasions the Tories were nearly brought to their knees by working class struggle. It was Labour's leaders who failed to take the advantage. The Labour government of 1974-9 had paved the way for the Tories in the first place. It delivered savage cuts in public spending. Unemployment rocketed. By the time of the 1979 election workers felt demoralised after years of attacks from what was supposed to be 'their' government. The Tories came to office determined to take on the trade union movement so the bosses could increase their profits. In January 1980 Thatcher began her onslaught by attacking the steel workers. There was an all out strike in response. The militancy of the strike shocked the Tories. Mass pickets closed down the steel plants. Over 200,000 workers took part in a solidarity general strike across Wales. The Tory government was on the rocks. Opinion polls showed that Labour would have a majority of 130 if there were a general election. Labour could have called for more industrial action and protests to increase the heat on the Tories. But Michael Foot, the leader of the Labour Party, argued that the only solution was to wait four years for the next election. Labour sat back and allowed the bosses to beat the steel workers. The defeat of the strike cleared the way for a huge wave of job losses. Unemployment reached four million. The defeat and mass unemployment left many workers feeling despairing and powerless. But many hated Thatcher passionately. The left grew in the early 1980s. But it often did not relate to workers' struggles. Instead it channelled its energies into winning positions inside the Labour Party. It was far from inevitable, however, that the Tories would win the 1983 election. It was the right wing of the Labour Party that wrecked Labour's chances of winning, not the left. In 1981 four leading right wing Labour MPs left the party and formed the SDP. The SDP then formed an electoral alliance with the Liberals. This split the anti-Tory vote. In both the 1983 and 1987 general elections the combined vote of the Labour Party and the SDP was bigger than that of the Tories. In fact Thatcher never won more than 44 percent of the vote throughout the 1980s. The Falkands War is often given as an explanation of why the Tories won the 1983 election. But this is a myth. The Tories' popularity hardly rose at all during the Falklands War. Unemployment and a well supported strike by health workers made many people cynical of Thatcher's motives for going to war. But Labour did nothing to build opposition to the war. In fact Labour leader Michael Foot accused the Tories of not being hard enough in their defence of the Falkland Islands. The Tories fell over themselves to congratulate him for 'speaking for Britain'. Labour's stance only helped the government. Kinnock's pale imitation THATCHER EMBARKED on her biggest confrontation with the unions in 1984 when she took on the miners. For a whole year the miners stood up to the Tories. It was the longest mass strike in European history. The miners could have won. Ian MacGregor was the head of the Coal Board at the time. In his memoirs he claims that when the dockers threatened to walk out in solidarity with the mine workers, Thatcher was on the verge of throwing in the towel. In February 1984, just one month before the miners' strike, a MORI poll found Labour 10 percent behind the Tories. As the strike started Labour's ratings soared in the opini