"What product was advertised with the slogan "" Splash It All Over "" ?"

77 Catchy and Creative Slogans - Hongkiat 77 Catchy and Creative Slogans Published by Aurora Gatbonton ,in Startups A slogan is an advertising tag-line or phrase that advertisers create to visually expresses the importance and benefits of their product. By and large, it’s a theme to a campaign that usually have a genuine role in people’s lives. It has the ability to loan people’s time and attention by putting consumers at the heart of the solution. Fact is, it is so crucial that companies spend billions on advertisements around the world to develop a marketing campaign just to achieve a successful brand awareness. 40 Absolutely Brilliant Billboard Ads! 40 Absolutely Brilliant Billboard Ads! How many billboards did you take a look during your walk or driving in your life? I'm sorry…Read more Every day we see millions of messages and catchphrase everywhere from print media to online advertisements. True, there are some slogans that we know by heart but a millions of them have come and gone that we hardly ever noticed. What is it about an advertising slogan that catapults it into fame? Aside from having outstanding brand recall, they have a positive “x” factor that makes us look twice, think thrice and delight the imagination of their target markets and characterize their products in original ways. According to the book "Creative Advertising" by Charles Whittier: "A slogan should be a statement of such merit about a product or service that is worthy of continuous repetitive advertising; is worthwhile for the public to remember; and is phrased in such a way that the public is likely to remember it." Guidelines To Create Great Slogan Identification. A good slogan must stay consistent with the brand name either obviously stated or strongly implied. It’s better to include the name of your business to it. Memorable. Some of the best taglines or slogans are still being used today, even though they were launched several years ago. Beneficial. Reveal your purpose and benefits of the product by conveying the message in consumer language. Turn bad into good. Suggest the risk of not using the product. Create a positive feeling for the consumers. Differentiation. In an overcrowded market, companies on the same industry need to set themselves apart thru their creative and original tagline or slogan. Keep it simple. Use proven words and short keywords. One word is usually not enough. 65 Slogans of Notable Companies Imax Slogans of Top Advertising Agencies J Walter Thompson (JWT) "Time is the new currency" JWT is one of the largest advertising agencies in the United States and the fourth-biggest in the world. It is one of the key companies of Sir Martin Sorrell’s WPP Group and is headquartered in New York. (wiki) Top clients: Ford, HSBC, Unilever, Nestlè, Vodafone. (visit website) DDB "Co-creation" DDB is a part of Omnicom Group Inc the advertising holding company with the highest revenue in the world, at US$12.69 billion, according to Advertising Age’s agency rankings of April 2008 founded in Manhattan. (wiki) Top clients: Volkswagen, Capital One, Epson, Exxon Mobil, Harvey Nichols. (visit website) Leo Burnett "Creating ideas and building brands that truly matter to people" A part of the French group Publicis. Its clients include McDonald’s, Coca-Cola, Walt Disney, Marlboro, Maytag, Kellogg’s, Tampax, Nintendo, Philips, Samsung, Visa, Wrigley’s, Hallmark, Allstate Insurance, Procter & Gamble and others. It has 97 offices in 84 countries. (wiki) (visit website) M&CSAATCHI "Brutal simplicity of thought" An international advertising agency network formed in January 1995 by the brothers Maurice Saatchi and Charles Saatchi after they were ousted from the advertising agency group Saatchi & Saatchi which they had founded in 1970. (wiki) Top clients: Heinz, Porsche, GlaxoSmithKline, Halfords, RBS Group. (visit website) Saatchi & Saatchi "Nothing is impossible" Global advertising agency network with 140 offices in 80 countries and over 6,500 staff. It was founded in London in 1970 but now headquartered in New York. (wiki) Top clients: The Labour


Which great ship was originally known as the ' Leviathan ' when launched in 1858 ?

Dark Roasted Blend: The Last Victorian Leviathan Steam Ship The Last Victorian Leviathan Steam Ship Link - article by M. Christian and Avi Abrams The More-Than-Great "Great Eastern" -- one of the most spectacular ships ever built! Take a good long look at this ship. Built in 1858, it was capable of bringing 4,000 people around the world, without ever once needing to refuel... An Iron Monster, framed in a cloud of billowing white sails, or looming through the hellish black smoke - this was the ultimate Victorian luxury Trans-Atlantic liner, affectionately called the "great babe" by its eccentric designer: (images credit: Robert Dudley, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London ) We will see more of this ship, but first let's consider the extraordinary figure of its designer, and a fantastic era he lived in. Great Eastern leaving America with the 1866 Atlantic cable on board (art fragment) An introduction to Victorian grandiosity: The Victorians - and so you don't have to look it up, means the British and U.S. during the reign of Queen Victoria, from about 1837 to 1901 -- did some truly great things. Theirs was an glowing-brass and crusty-iron era of chugging, whistling, hissing wonders. Nothing, they seemed to think, was impossible: the answer to every question, every engineering challenge, was just the matter of finding the right kind of steam engine for the job. One of their greats was the legendary Crystal Palace: Although the Palace wasn't powered by coal, it was certainly fueled by Victorian mechanical audacity. Originally set up in Hyde Park in 1851 for the Great Exhibition, though later expanded and moved, the Palace was a transparent monster of a building, a huge greenhouse made up of 900,000 square feet of glass supported by an iron framework: (image credit: buildinghistory ) 900,000 may not sound like much but keep this in mind: the Palace was home to more than 14,000 exhibits. The Palace was something no one had seen before, a precisely engineered celebration of British innovation. The future had arrived in Hyde Park, and it was a tomorrow of crystal and steel. Another Victorian great was ... well, it might not have been as spectacular as the Crystal Palace but it was still something that made the people of London sit up and take notice. Or perhaps sit down and take notice. We take sewers and such for granted now but back then it was a true technological miracle, especially when executed on giant Victorian scale. Before Joseph Bazalgette began his work, London was a filthy nightmare. Decades, and more than 1,000 miles of pipe and connections later, the great city had become a marvel of cleanliness: a tomorrow of (mostly) clean streets and sweet smells. Enter: Isambard Kingdom Brunel But perhaps the greatest of the great Victorian engineers was a rather small man with very big dreams. At just about five feet, Isambard Kingdom Brunel wasn't a striking figure but what he lacked in height he made up with towering ability. Sure, some of his ideas didn't ... well, work out that well, but no one denies his mechanical genius. Even in failure some of his works were more advanced than the successes of his contemporary engineering rivals. Some say, "he was the most intense man in the business, the greatest artist ever to work in iron. He smoked 40 cigars per day and slept 4 hours per day." (image credit: Robert Howlett ) First brush with death: thrown into the awful maelstrom One of his early projects, and the one that almost killed him, was a tunnel. Okay, there were already a lot of tunnels -- and the Victorians took to tunneling like the Romans took to aqueducts -- but this one was different. It was a tunnel under the Thames, London's legendary river. (Thames Tunnel; a diving bell used in its construction) But even Brunel's engineering skills weren't a match for the simple weight of all that water. Even with the city's sewer advances the river was more like a toilet than a body of water, so when it leaked -- which the tunnel did a lot -- what came dripping down from the ceiling wasn't ... shall we say, i


On which island did the actor Oliver Reed die in 1999 ?

Oliver Reed - IMDb IMDb 17 January 2017 4:34 PM, UTC NEWS Actor | Soundtrack Oliver Reed was born on February 13, 1938 in Wimbledon, London, England as Robert Oliver Reed. He was an actor, known for Gladiator (2000), Oliver! (1968) and Tommy (1975). He was married to Josephine Burge and Kate Byrne. He died on May 2, 1999 in Valletta, Malta. See full bio » Born: a list of 35 people created 17 Jun 2011 a list of 40 people created 18 Jun 2011 a list of 42 people created 02 Mar 2014 a list of 24 people created 02 Apr 2014 a list of 37 people created 2 weeks ago Do you have a demo reel? Add it to your IMDbPage How much of Oliver Reed's work have you seen? User Polls Nominated for     1     BAFTA Film Award. Another    1 win & 2 nominations. See more awards  » Known For  1968 Film Review (TV Mini-Series) Andrew Quint - Backs British Films (1968) ... Andrew Quint  1967 Omnibus (TV Series documentary)  1965 It's Dark Outside (TV Series) Sebastian  1959-1964 The Third Man (TV Series) Pepi / Theodore  1963-1964 The Saint (TV Series) Aristides Koralis / Joe Catelli  1959 H.G.Wells' Invisible Man (TV Series) Man at Roulette Table / Cafe Patron Soundtrack (1 credit)  1975 Tommy (performer: "Bernie's Holiday Camp", "1951/What About the Boy", "Christmas", "Do You Think It's Alright? (I)", "Do You Think It's Alright? (II)", "Do You Think It's Alright? (III)", "There's A Doctor", "Go to the Mirror", "Welcome", "T.V. Studio" - uncredited) Hide   2000 HBO First Look (TV Series documentary) Himself  1994 The World of Hammer (TV Series documentary) Narrator / Harry Cobtree / Leon  1993 Without Walls (TV Series documentary) Himself  1992 The Word (TV Series) Himself  1991 After Dark (TV Series) Himself  1990 This Week (TV Series) Himself  1984-1990 Aspel & Company (TV Series) Himself  1974-1986 This Is Your Life (TV Series documentary) Himself  1985 All Star Secrets (TV Series) Himself  1982 Sin on Saturday (TV Series) Himself  1972-1974 Russell Harty Plus (TV Series) Himself - Guest  1973 Opportunity Knocks (TV Series) Himself - Guest  1971 Director of Devils (Documentary short) Himself  1971 Cinema (TV Series documentary) Himself  1962 Needle Match (TV Series) Himself - British Promoter  2016 Secret History (TV Series documentary) Himself / Colonel Leachman  2015 It Was Alright in the... (TV Series documentary) Himself  2008 TV's Believe It or Not (TV Movie documentary) Himself (uncredited)  2005 20 to 1 (TV Series documentary) Himself  2004 Room 101 (TV Series) Himself  2001 Legends (TV Series documentary) Himself  2000 Hellraisers (TV Movie documentary) Himself  1995 Empire of the Censors (TV Movie documentary) Himself  1990 That's Action (Video documentary) General Turner (uncredited) Personal Details Other Works: 6/18/95: Appeared as Aleister Crowley , in the Radio 4 play, "The Death of Alexander Scriabin". See more » Publicity Listings: 4 Print Biographies | 2 Interviews | 3 Articles | 5 Pictorials | See more » Height: Did You Know? Personal Quote: There is, of course, a world of difference between cricket and the movie business . . . I suppose doing a love scene with Raquel Welch roughly corresponds to scoring a century before lunch. See more » Trivia: In 1979 he published an autobiography, entitled "Reed All About Me". Asked to describe the book by an interviewer he replied, "It's a load of bollocks really.". See more » Trademark: Outspoken views a trademark especially his opinions of his co-stars or women in general. See more » Nickname:


Of which famous vessel was Miles Standish the captain ?

Standish-Myles — MayflowerHistory.com Myles Standish BIRTH: Traditionally 1584, but something closer to 1587 seems more probable, probably in co. Lancashire, England. FIRST MARRIAGE: Rose, probably not long before 1619 or 1620, since they had no children yet. SECOND MARRIAGE: Barbara, sometime about 1623 at Plymouth. CHILDREN (by Barbara): Charles (died young), Alexander, John, Myles, Lora, Josias, and Charles. DEATH: 3 October 1656 at Duxbury. yDNA HAPLOGROUP:  I-L38 This modern portrait of Myles Standish by Mike Haywood.  It is based off a portrait that was purported to have been done in London in 1626.  Prints of this portrait can be obtained in the MayflowerHistory.com Store . Myles Standish's birthplace has been the subject of great debate. Those who believe he was from Lancashire point to the following evidence: Nathaniel Morton, writing in his 1669 book New England's Memorial, states that Standish was from Lancashire; Myles Standish owned a book about the former head of the Rivington Grammar School in Lancashire; and Standish named his American residence "Duxbury," which may have been a reference to his ancestral home, Duxbury Hall, Lancashire. Those that believe he was from the Isle of Man point to the lands enumerated in his probate will that were "surreptitiously detained" from him (including lands on the Isle of Man itself); these lands all belonged at one time to Thomas Standish, of the branch of the Standish family from the Isle of Man. In September 2006, Jeremy D. Bangs supplied a scholarly review of the evidence and controversy in "Myles Standish, Born Where?", Mayflower Quarterly 72:133-159. Myles Standish is alleged to have joined Queen Elizabeth's army and attained the rank of Lieutenant, but the documentation for this claim was lost in the 1920s without having been published or transcribed, so may be suspect. In any case, Standish was certainly a part of Queen Elizabeth's army, and was stationed for a time in Holland where he eventually met and became well acquainted with John Robinson and the Pilgrims who were living in Leiden. Standish was hired by the Pilgrims to be their military captain, to establish and coordinate the Colony's defense against both foreign (French, Spanish, Dutch) and domestic (Native American) threats. This iron cooking pot is believed to have belonged to Myles Standish.  It is on display at the Pilgrim Hall Museum in Plymouth. Standish led or participated in all the early exploratory missions sent out to explore Cape Cod, and was heavily involved in selecting the site where the Pilgrims would settle. He was one of the few who did not get sick at all the first winter, and is recorded as having greatly helped and cared for those who were sick. He organized the deployment of the colony's cannons and the construction of the fort at Plymouth. He led both trading expeditions and military expeditions to the various Indian groups in the region. He led the party that went in pursuit of the alleged killers of Squanto (who was later discovered to be safe). He led the revenge attacks on the Indians in the Massachusetts Bay after they were caught in a conspiracy planning to attack and destroy the Plymouth and Wessagussett colonies; several Indians were killed or executed, for which Standish received some criticism, even from his friends, for being too heavy-handed. Standish was heavily involved in numerous aspects of Plymouth Colony, from defense to keeping the law. He was on the receiving end of John Billington's verbal wrath in 1621 (Billington refused to follow the captain's orders), and was called a "silly boy" in a letter that was sent out during the Oldham-Lyford scandal of 1624, and was noted for his short stature and for his quick temper. He was sent to arrest Thomas Morton in 1628, for which he received the nickname "Captain Shrimp" from Morton. William Hubbard reported Standish's temper was like a "chimney soon fired". 17th century image of a man in armor with musket.  Myles Standish would have worn similar armor, clothing and us


Who painted ' Supper at Emmaus ' and ' The Anatomy Lesson ' ?

Rembrandt Paintings of Portrait and Oil Painting Reproduction Rembrandt painting The Anatomy Lecture of Dr Nicolaes Tulp Oil painting on canvas, 169.5X216.5cm. Finished in 1632, this painting The Anatomy Lecture of Dr Nicolaes Tulp reveals that artist Rembrandt has surpassed the ordinary skill of portrait painting prevalent in Amsterdam at that time. Dr Nicolaes Tulp was a surgeon in Amsterdam. This group portrait of Dr Nicolaes Tulp and another seven surgeons made Rembrandt van rijn famous at once. The scene in The Anatomy Lecture of Dr Nicolaes Tulp shows a strong contrast in the light and shade. Through a vivid portray of every figure, Rembrandt the artist achieved a combination of the originality and the tension of the frame. The Anatomy Lecture of Dr Nicolaes Tulp broke through the rigid form and pyramid composition of group portrait painting. The vivid depiction in the composition and expression of the figures highlighted the plot and made the Rembrandt portraits as meaningful as genre painting. Rembrandt’s Jewish paintings In 19th century, many Jews began to immigrate to the section where rijn Rembrandt once lived and a Jewish church had already established. Then, it is also found constantly that Jews and Jewish models used in art of Rembrandt, which further proved such sayings. A large amount of works by Rembrandt are defined as Jewish painting, for example, the famous Rembrandt painting The Jewish Bride . In fact, only one artwork can stand the tests of the audience, that is the Rembrandts art of a Jewish doctor. The Jewish painting is indeed created by Rembrandt van Rijn, and the doctor is his neighbour. Rembrandt portrait, landscape and narrative painting are the primary subjects in the career of the artist, he use skill in representing emotions and attention to detail to explain biblical stories. The surface of paintings by Rembrandt is smooth in early periods, but later become rough treatment of richly variegated surfaces. During Leiden period works of Rembrandt were rather small and in details, painter Rembrandt's most favored are related to Religious and allegorical themes including Rembrandt Jesus. In his commercial studio Rembrandt van rijn completed some famous paintings such as Judas Repentant, Returning the Pieces of Silver in 1629, in these art Rembrandt shows the artist's interest in the handling of light and paint application, these features constitute the first major progress of the artist Rembrandt. From 1632 to 1636 Rembrandt painter began to paint dramatic biblical and mythological scenes, so we see Rembrandt Christ The Storm on the Sea of Galilee in high contrast and of large format, other paintings of Rembrandt in this periods are The Blinding of Samson, Belshazzar's Feast, and Rembrandt Danaë 1636 when he was in Amsterdam. After Rembrandt Nightwatch, his paintings varied greatly in size, subject, and style. The artist preferred to the more expressive use of brushwork, need indicate the subject of Venetian art . A marked decrease in Works by Rembrandt were in favor of etchings and drawings of Dutch rural scenes. In painting by Rembrandt natural drama eventually made way for quiet landscapes. The style of Rembrandt pastel and oil painting changed again in the 1650s to richer colors and more pronounced brush strokes, which informed the surface of a painting by Rembrandt mimetic effects because that it may hearken to medieval procedures. Ninety odd paintings were self portraits Rembrandt, but some of them is part of their training when Rembrandt the painter had his students copy these self-portraits. These Rembrandt oil paintings trace the progress from his young to his old age in depiction of the troubled but massively powerful portraits. In Rembrandt drawings and self-portraits, he angles the sitter's face in the ridge of the nose nearly that always forming the line of demarcation between brightly illuminated and shadowy areas. Chiaroscuro was used in Rembrandt artwork as adapted for personal means, it's more prominent characteristics to achieve similar theatrical employment of l


Whose Law states that galaxies are moving apart at a rate that increases with their distance ? A telescope was named after him ?

Hubble law and the expanding universe Expanding Universe The distant galaxies we see in all directions are moving away from the Earth, as evidenced by their red shifts . Hubble's law describes this expansion. The fact that we see other galaxies moving away from us does not imply that we are the center of the universe! All galaxies will see other galaxies moving away from them in an expanding universe unless the other galaxies are part of the same gravitationally bound group or cluster of galaxies. A rising loaf of raisin bread is a good visual model: each raisin will see all other raisins moving away from it as the loaf expands. The fact that the universe is expanding then raises the question "Will it always expand?" Since the action of gravity works against the expansion, then if the density were large enough, the expansion would stop and the universe would collapse in a "big crunch". This is called a closed universe. If the density were small enough, the expansion would continue forever (an open universe). At a certain precise critical density, the universe would asymtotically approach zero expansion rate, but never collapse. Remarkably, all evidence indicates that the universe is very close to that critical density. Discussions about the expansion of the universe often refer to a density parameter Ω which is the density divided by the critical density, such that Ω = 1 represents the critical density condition. Go Back Hubble's Law Hubble's law is a statement of a direct correlation between the distance to a galaxy and its recessional velocity as determined by the red shift . It can be stated as The reported value of the Hubble parameter has varied widely over the years, testament to the difficulty of astronomical distance measurement . But with high precision experiments after 1990 the range of the reported values has narrowed greatly to values in the range An often mentioned problem for the Hubble law is Stefan's Quintet. Four of these five stars have similar red shifts but the fifth is quite different, and they appear to be interacting. The Particle Data Group documents quote a "best modern value" of the Hubble parameter as 72 km/s per megaparsec (+/- 10%). This value comes from the use of type Ia supernovae (which give relative distances to about 5%) along with data from Cepheid variables gathered by the Hubble Space Telescope . The WMAP mission data leads to a Hubble constant of 71 +/- 5% km/s per megaparsec. Go Back Hubble Parameter The proportionality between recession velocity and distance in the Hubble Law is called the Hubble constant, or more appropriately the Hubble parameter we have a history of revising it. In recent years the value of the Hubble parameter has been considerably refined, and the current value given by the WMAP mission is 71 km/s per megaparsec. The recession velocities of distant galaxies are known from the red shift , but the distances are much more uncertain. Distance measurement to nearby galaxies uses Cepheid variables as the main standard candle, but more distant galaxies must be examined to determine the Hubble constant since the direct Cepheid distances are all within the range of the gravitational pull of the local cluster. Use of the Hubble Space Telescope has permitted the detection of Cepheid variables in the Virgo cluster which have contributed to refinement of the distance scale. The Particle Data Group documents quote a "best modern value" of the Hubble constant as 72 km/s per megaparsec (+/- 10%). This value comes from the use of type Ia supernovae (which give relative distances to about 5%) along with data from Cepheid variables gathered by the Hubble Space Telescope . The value from the WMAP survey is 71 km/s per megaparsec. Another approach to the Hubble parameter gives emphasis to the fact that space itself is expanding, and at any given time can be described by a dimensionless scale factor R(t). The Hubble parameter is the ratio of the rate of change of the scale factor to the current value of the scale factor R: The scale factor R for a given observed object in the


Which museum was originally housed in a London mansion called Montague House ?

London Museums. British Museum. British Museum. London Museums. British Museum. British Museum. Описание презентации London Museums. British Museum. British Museum. по слайдам London Museums. British Museum. British Museum. The British Museum in in London is one of the world’s greatest museums of human history and culture. Its collections, which number more than 13 million objects from all continents, illustrate and document the story of human culture from its beginning to the present. The wonders of the museum bought here to Bloomsbury from all around the world’s imagined corners are numberless. How can they be named? As well tally each leaf of a tree. They come here out of the living minds of generations of men and women now dead — Greek and Assyrian, Aztec and Inuit, Chinese and Indian — who have conceived and carved and hammered and tempered and cast these objects to represent the worlds around them, visible and invisible. [1][1] The British Museum was established in 1753 , largely based on the collections of the physician and scientist Sir Hans Sloane. The museum first opened to the public on 15 January 1759 in in Montagu House in in Bloomsbury , on the site of the current museum building. Its expansion over the following two and a half centuries has resulted in the creation of several branch institutions, the first being the British Museum (Natural History) in in South Kensington in in 1887. Until 1997, when the British Library opened to the public, the British Museum was unique in that it housed both a national museum of antiquities and a national library in the same building. Its present chairman is Sir John Boyd and its director is Neil Mac. Gregor. . As with all other national museums and art galleries in Britain, the Museum charges no admission fee, although charges are levied for some temporary special exhibitions. The centre of the museum was redeveloped in 2000 to become the Great Court , surrounding the original Reading Room. History. Though principally a museum of cultural art objects and antiquities today, the British Museum was founded as a «universal museum». This is reflected in the first bequest by Sir Hans Sloane , comprising some 40, 000 printed books, 7, 000 manuscripts, extensive natural history specimens, prints by Albrecht Dürer and antiquities from Egypt , , Greece , , Rome , the Middle and Far East and the Americas. . The Foundation Act, passed on 7 June 1753 , added two other libraries to the Sloane collection. The Cottonian Library, assembled by Sir Robert Cotton , dated back to Elizabethan times and the Harleian library was the collection of the first and second Earls of Oxford. They were joined in 1757 by the Royal Library assembled by various British monarchs. Together these four «Foundation collections» included many of the most treasured books now in the British Library , including the Lindisfarne Gospels and the sole surviving copy of Beowulf. . The body of trustees (which until 1963 was chaired by the Archbishop of Canterbury , the Lord Chancellor and the Speaker of the House of Commons ) decided on Montagu House as a location for the museum, which it bought from the Montagu family for ££ 20, 000. The Trustees rejected Buckingham House, on a site now occupied by Buckingham Palace , on the grounds of cost and the unsuitability of its location. After its foundation the British Museum received several gifts, including the Thomason Library and David Garrick ‘s library of 1, 000 printed plays, but had few ancient relics and would have been unrecognisable to visitors of the modern museum. The first notable addition to the collection of antiquities was by Sir William Hamilton , British Ambassador to Naples , who sold his collection of Greek and Roman artifacts to the museum in 1782. In the early 19 th century the foundations for the extensive collection of sculpture began to be laid. After the defeat of the French in the Battle of the Nile in in 1801 the British Museum acquired more Egyptian sculpture and the Rosetta Stone. Many Greek sculptures followed, notably the Townel


"Which British astronomer , who wrote a science fiction novel called ""The Back Cloud"" , is particularly associated with the Steady State theory of the Universe ?"

The best science fiction books | Books | theguardian.com The best science fiction books We asked for suggestions of your favourite science fiction books . Here are the results Thursday 26 May 2011 09.54 BST Title of book Roadside Picnic Arkady & Boris Strugatsky A novel that works on many levels. Literate. Politically subversive. An insight into the human condition. Charlie Cornelius The Left Hand of Darkness Ursula K. LeGuin Not only does the book imagine an alien race, but an alien race without genders. However, this never stops the novel from reaching the high levels of characterization and prose that we expect not only from LeGuin, but from the very best of fiction. By the time the reader leaves the world of Winter, their world will never be the same again. Trystero Ubik Philip K Dick Philip K Dick is the best author in the genre and this is his best book by a street. pjlythgoe Dune Frank Herbert The lore and narrative is so well written you could almost believe you were there. Stunning. The_Hillman Star Maker Olaf Stapledon Lacking both character (aside from the self-effacing ghost who narrates) and incident (unless you count descriptions of the evolution and slow collapse of entire species and civilisations), Star Maker is a Dantean tour of the possibilities of cosmic creation, culminating with an extended encounter and biography of the Creator itself -- the titular Star Maker. One of the most visionary, ambitious and influential explorations of the universe ever committed to paper, Stapledon's novel elevates SF to the level of a sacred text. purserhallard Coelestis Paul Park Coelestis is not a comfortable read. But it is one of those science fiction novels which can change the way you look at the world. And there are remarkably few of them. ian_sales Little, Big John Crowley This book is perfect in every respect. The story is rich and satisfying in every detail, the characters are unforgettable, and the language is so good that you want to read every sentence twice. I always keep an extra copy in the house, because when it gets borrowed, it tends never to come back (but that's OK). Adele Bug Jack Barron Norman Spinrad Experimental, funny and achingly prescient. Set the blueprint for cyberpunk and given all the fuss it kicked up over Arts Council funding, now seems oddly relevant all over again. DrTum84 StarMaker Olaf Stapledon Hard to adequately describe the majesty of this book. Vast breadth and depth. I'd use the phrases 'mind blowing' or 'mind expanding' if they weren't such cliches. Hopefully someone else can do more justice to it in their recommendation, but all I can say is you come away from it with a different perspective on the universe. AkaSomethingElse Neverness David Zindell I'm amazed that Zindell is not more popular than he is. First, a misconception. This book is described as hard SF - I don't agree. Sure, it deals with complex mathematical concepts, the far-future evolution of humanity...but it does so in a poetic, mythic way. It also covers philospophy, religion...This is a SF Odyssey, it is Homeric in its ambition, and it has quite the most beautiful prose I have ever read in a SF novel. Each chapter seemed to me a novella in its scope and depth when I read it. This is an epic quest of a book. TokenGesture The Stainless Steel Rat Harry Harrison It is purely fun and wacky. Relatively soft but with hard elements. It gives a glimpse into one of our many possible futures and problems we may face in the future. The characters are nicely fitted into stereotypes and work well together and the stories are outlandish enough to keep interest but they're not too much. DeGriz Ubik Philip K Dick Classic PKD. Deranged paranoia, mind-bending ideas and lots of humour. This last point is crucial as all the Hollywood adaptations of Dick have lack his wit and irony. Indeed, don't think any film version of Dick has really captured his tone properly. Laszlo Kovacs Schismatrix Bruce Sterling Gritty, satirical, thrilling, terrifying, mindblowing... I could throw adjectives at this book for the rest of my life and make


What did Sir John Harrington design and have installed in his house in 1589 ? His was the first , certainly in England.

Sir John Harrington - inventor of the toilet or loo By  Ellen Castelow , Contributing Writer  |   Comments Sir John Harrington was a poet - an amateur and not very successful one! But his poetry was not why he would be remembered. Something much more 'down to earth' was to be his legacy. He invented the lavatory! He was a godson of  Queen Elizabeth I , but he had been banished from court for telling risqué stories, and exiled to Kelston near Bath . During his 'exile', 1584-91, he built himself a house, and devised and installed the first flushing lavatory, which he named Ajax. Eventually Queen Elizabeth forgave him, and visited his house at Kelston in 1592. Harrington proudly showed-off his new invention, and the Queen herself tried it out! She was so impressed it seems, that she ordered one for herself. His water-closet had a pan with an opening at the bottom, sealed with a leather -faced valve. A system of handles, levers and weights poured in water from a cistern, and opened the valve. In spite of the Queen's enthusiasm for this new invention, the public remained faithful to the chamber-pot. These were usually emptied from an upstairs window into the street below, and in France, the cry 'gardez-l'eau' gave warning to the people below to take evasive action. This phrase 'gardez-l'eau' may have been the origin of the English nickname for the lavatory, the 'loo'.   (source:  http://www.theplumber.com/closet.html ) It was almost two hundred years later in 1775 that a flushing water-closet was first patented by an Alexander Cummings of London, a device similar to Harrington's Ajax. In 1848 a Public Health Act ruled that every new house should have a ' w.c., privy, or ash-pit'. It had taken nearly 250 years for Sir John Harrington's water closet to become universal …it cannot be said that the British embrace all new inventions with enthusiasm, despite Royal Approval!


Vice President Joe Biden | whitehouse.gov Vice President Joe Biden Other Advisory Boards Vice President Joe Biden Joseph Robinette Biden, Jr., represented Delaware for 36 years in the U.S. Senate before becoming the 47th and current Vice President of the United States. Download Hi-res (1256 KB) Joseph Robinette Biden, Jr., was born November 20, 1942, in Scranton, Pennsylvania, the first of four siblings. In 1953, the Biden family moved from Pennsylvania to Claymont, Delaware. He graduated from the University of Delaware and Syracuse Law School and served on the New Castle County Council. Then, at age 29, he became one of the youngest people ever elected to the United States Senate. Just weeks after the election, tragedy struck the Biden family when Biden's wife, Neilia and their one-year-old daughter, Naomi, were killed and their two young sons critically injured in an auto accident. Vice President Biden was sworn in to the U.S. Senate at his sons' hospital bedside and began commuting to Washington every day by train, a practice he maintained throughout his career in the Senate. In 1977, Vice President Biden married Jill Jacobs. Jill Biden, who holds a Ph.D. in Education, is a life-long educator and currently teaches at a community college in Northern Virginia. The Vice President’s son, Beau (1969-2015), was Delaware's Attorney General from 2007-2015 and a Major in the 261st Signal Brigade of the Delaware National Guard. He was deployed to Iraq in 2008-2009. The Vice President’s other son, Hunter, is an attorney who manages a private equity firm in Washington, D.C. and is Chairman of the World Food Program USA. And his daughter Ashley is a social worker and is Executive Director of the Delaware Center for Justice. Vice President Biden has five grandchildren: Naomi, Finnegan, Roberta Mabel ("Maisy"), Natalie, and Robert Hunter. As a Senator from Delaware for 36 years, Vice President Biden established himself as a leader in facing some of our nation's most important domestic and international challenges. As Chairman or Ranking Member of the Senate Judiciary Committee for 17 years, then-Senator Biden was widely recognized for his work on criminal justice issues, including the landmark 1994 Crime Law and the Violence Against Women Act. As Chairman or Ranking Member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee for 12 years, then-Senator Biden played a pivotal role in shaping U.S. foreign policy. He has been at the forefront of issues and legislation related to terrorism, weapons of mass destruction, post-Cold War Europe, the Middle East, and Southwest Asia. Now, as the 47th Vice President of the United States, Joe Biden has continued his leadership on important issues facing the nation. The Vice President was tasked with implementing and overseeing the $840 billion stimulus package in the  American Recovery and Reinvestment Act , which has helped to rebuild our economy and lay the foundation for a sustainable economic future. The Vice President also leads the Ready to Work Initiative , the Administration’s key effort to identify opportunities to improve our nation’s workforce skills and training systems to help better prepare American workers for the jobs of a 21st century economy. The Vice President has continued to draw upon his years in the United States Senate to work with Congress on key issues including the 2013 reauthorization of the Violence Against Women Act. As a longtime advocate against sexual assault and domestic violence, the Vice President appointed the first-ever White House Advisor on Violence Against Women . The Vice President has also been tasked with convening sessions of the President’s Cabinet and leading interagency efforts, particularly to reduce gun violence and raise the living standards of middle class Americans in his role as Chair of the Middle Class Task Force . Vice President Biden has traveled to 48 states as part of the Administration’s continuing efforts to focus key priorities such as college affordability and American manufacturing growth. With decades of foreign policy experience in the Unite


To which family of instruments does the hi-hat belong ?

Families of Musical Instruments Cool Stuff > Music Families of Musical Instruments Musical instruments are grouped into families based on how they make sounds. In an orchestra, musicians sit together in these family groupings. But not every instrument fits neatly into a group. For example, the piano has strings that vibrate, and hammers that strike. Is it a string instrument or a percussion instrument? Some say it is both! Brass Brass instruments are made of brass or some other metal and make sound when air is blown inside. The musician's lips must buzz, as though making a "raspberry" noise against the mouthpiece. Air then vibrates inside the instrument, which produces a sound. Brass instruments include trumpet , trombone , tuba , French horn , cornet , and bugle . Percussion Most percussion instruments make sounds when they are hit, such as a drum or a tambourine. Others are shaken, such as maracas, and still others may be rubbed, scratched, or whatever else will make the instrument vibrate and thus produce a sound. Percussion instruments include drums , cymbals , triangle , chimes, tam-tam , glockenspiel , timpani , bells , and xylophone . Strings Yes, the sounds of string instruments come from their strings. The strings may be plucked, as in a guitar or harp; bowed, as with a cello or a violin; or struck, as with a dulcimer. This creates a vibration that causes a unique sound. Stringed instruments include the violin , viola , cello , bass, harp , and dulcimer . Woodwinds Woodwind instruments produce sound when air (wind) is blown inside. Air might be blown across an edge, as with a flute; between a reed and a surface, as with a clarinet; or between two reeds, as with a bassoon. The sound happens when the air vibrates inside.


In which English couny are the towns of Grantham and Skegness ?

Lincolnshire Market Towns - Lincolnshire.org Lincolnshire Market Towns "Lincolnshire has many delightful market towns that still have vibrant markets. " Photo by David Wright From Alford, Horncastle and Louth in the glorious Lincolnshire Wolds, to Stamford and Market Deeping in the south, Lincolnshire’s market towns are many and varied. Being an agricultural county supplying over 40% of the country’s fresh vegetables, Lincolnshire’s market towns can boast thriving markets selling the freshest of produce. Look out for the famous Lincolnshire Poacher Cheese , Lincolnshire Sausage and Lincolnshire Plumbread ! Alford Alford is a delightful market town located at the edge of the beautiful Lincolnshire Wolds (a Designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty) and just over 10 miles from the Lincolnshire coast. Famous landmarks include Alford Manor House -the largest thatched manor house in England and now owned by English Heritage – and Alford Windmill, one of the country’s last surviving 5-sail windmills. Alford Market Only available during Summer months   Boston Boston is a small market town and inland port with a fascinating history, including links to Pilgrim Fathers who founded America. The parish church of St Botolph’s, more commonly known as the ‘Boston Stump’, has one of the country’s tallest towers. At over 272 ft/83 m high, The Boston Stump has fantastic views across the county (weather permitting!) – you can even see as far as Lincoln Cathedral on a clear day. Boston Market   Bourne Bourne is an historic market town in southern Lincolnshire, renown for its waterways and woodlands. Nearby Bourne Woods (located at the western edge of the town)  has 400 acres of glorious woodland  – just perfect for exploring on foot or by bike. The word ‘Bourne’ is Anglo-Saxon for stream – indeed, the town of Bourne is famous for the purity of its drinking water, got from underground natural springs. Bourne Market Car park behind Corn Exchange building   Caistor Caistor is a pretty Georgian/Victorian market town at edge of Lincolnshire Wolds and on the Viking Way. With 56 Grade II Listed buildings, 2 Grade I Listed buildings and 2 medieval fishponds (situated to the north of Navigation Lane), Caistor is an architectural dream. Caistor has a vibrant Arts and Heritage Centre at Plough Hill. Caistor Market   Gainsborough Gainsborough is a thriving market town in the east of the county. The impressive Gainsborough Old Hall in the town centre is one of England’s best preserved medieval manor houses. Marshall’s Yard in Gainsborough is a very popular shopping centre and has one of the country’s largest Laura Ashley stores located in it. Gainsborough   Grantham Grantham is a prosperous market town in South Lincolnshire. The parish church of St Wulframs has the tallest medieval church spire in England. Grantham is the birthplace of Sir Isaac Newton and Margaret Thatcher. Woolsthorpe Manor (home of sir Isaac Newton), Belvoir Castle and Easton Walled Gardens are nearby. Grantham Market Wide Westgate, Narrow Westgate, Market Place Where: Welby Street (just off Wide Westgate)   Horncastle Horncastle is a quaint market town in the Lincolnshire Wolds  famous for its many antique shops – with over 30 of them dotted about the town centre, it is a haven for antique lovers and bargain hunters. In Roman times, Horncastle was called Banovallum, meaning Wall on the River Bain. Parts of the Roman wall are still to be found in the town – indeed the best preserved part can be found in the town’s library, where the wall forms part of a major display. Horncastle Market


In which English couny are the towns of Reading and Maidenhead ?

Maidenhead travel guide - Wikitravel Understand[ edit ] The constituency of Maidenhead and Windsor is one of the most affluent areaa of the UK, with house prices often exceeding those of Central London. Its position in the River Thames countryside, with close proximity to the capital is unrivalled making it a gold mine for commuters. It is one of the safest Conservative seats in the UK (the MP is the Prime Minister, Theresa May). Like many towns, Maidenhead has its fair share of crime and antisocial behaviour, and the town centre is a little grey and full of concrete. The area near the river, locally known as Maidenhead Riverside, however, is a pleasent contrast to this and offers nice views of the Thames and great walks towards the villages of Cookham and Marlow ; and Bray and Windsor and Eton . Get in[ edit ] Maidenhead is on the main rail and road routes between London and Reading . It lies on the famous Great Western Railway famously designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel. Maidenhead station lies immediately between the Twyford and Taplow stations. From London, you will need to get to London Paddington to get a train to Maidenhead. Maidenhead is on the M4. Get around[ edit ] There are good bus links, most from Frascati Way in the town centre or near Boots on the High Street. Alternatively, taxis can be booked by phone and will usually pick up from most locations within 5 mi of the town centre. Colnside Executive Cars (0800 311 8877 / 01628 633 443) [2] See[ edit ][ add listing ] The famous railway bridge designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel (engineered by Mo Browne). Boulter's Lock and Boulters Island on the River Thames. A great spot for walks amongst relatively tame squirrels and views of Maidenhead Wier. There is also a small hotel/restaurant on the Island. Cookham is a picturesque village between Maidenhead and Marlow . It is a traditional English country village with a hugely popular gallery and excellent but expensive restaurants. Trains link Cookham with Maidenhead every hour. Alternatively walk there along the river, about 1 hour. Buy[ edit ][ add listing ] The town centre is a fairly typical one, containing most high street shops, including Next, Virgin Megastore, Boots, Superdrug, Marks and Spencer, and TopShop. Robert Dyas, Nicholsons’s Shopping Centre 24 Kings Walk Maidenhead Berkshire SL6 1LB, ☎ 0844 567 2537, [3] . Opening Times: Monday 9.00am - 5.30pm Tuesday 9.00am - 5.30pm Wednesday 9.00am - 5.30pm Thursday 9.00am - 5.30pm Friday 9.00am - 5.30pm Saturday 9.00am - 5.30pm Sunday 11.00am - 5.00pm   edit Eat[ edit ][ add listing ] Indian restaurants such as the Cookham Tandoori and the Emperor of India are well recommended. There are also decent Thai and Chinese restaurants. One of Britain's culinary capitals, the village of Bray , is a very short distance away. This village contains the Roux Brothers' Waterside Inn as well as Heston Blumenthal's Fat Duck, which is currently the second best restaurant in the world according to Caterer Magazine. Drink[ edit ][ add listing ] The surrounding villages and suburbs have some excellent ancient pubs. Non-chain bars include as Coco Bar. Surprisingly, the Wetherspoon in Maidenhead (The Greyhound) is featured in a CAMRA drinking guide. Lovers of ale should head there since there is a great and ever changing line up of taps. Well, the pub is really for everyone since its prices are the cheapest locally. If you want to go clubbing, Smokey Joe's Roadhouse is the one where all the locals go and is near the market, at the back of the main shopping centre. Sleep[ edit ][ add listing ] Rooms to rent in Maidenhead - Thieves Garden self catering apartment for short term lets . Thieves Garden provides well equipped accommodation for anyone looking rooms to rent in Maidenhead. Ideal for those visiting the region who are looking for the comfort of a hotel but with the extra space and independence of a self-catering apartment - without the need for long term contracts or utility bills. Holiday Inn Maidenhead, Manor Lane, Maidenhead, SL6 2RA, ☎ 0871 942 9053, [4] . The hotel


Give any year in the life of the Italian painter Michaelangelo.

Michelangelo Paintings | HowStuffWorks Michelangelo Paintings NEXT PAGENEXT   Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564) was perhaps more a sculptor at heart than he was a painter, and thus Vasari quoted him saying, "I cannot live under pressures from patrons, let alone paint." It seems impossible that the artist responsible for the grand and glorious frescoes on the Sistine Chapel walls and ceiling often declared that he was not a painter. Imagine the wealth of talent an artist must possess to create such vivid and triumphant work. And consider that Michelangelo was working against his own will and under the weight of self-doubt -- only then can one truly begin to appreciate the unparalleled genius of Michelangelo, the painter. Up Next The Dead Artists Quiz Describing himself as first and foremost a sculptor, Michelangelo often expressed regret that he had not dedicated his life fully to the art of sculpture. He even signed his letters and contracts "Michelangelo, the Sculptor." The artist's dislike for painting is plainly illustrated in the fact that he found it to be opposed to his chosen art form. Even in his seventies, Michelangelo suggested to Benedetto Varchi, in response to Varchi's study of the relative merits of painting and sculpture, that "painting seems to me more to be held good the more it approaches sculpture, and sculpture to be held bad the more it approaches painting: and therefore I used to think that sculpture was the lantern to painting, and that between the one and the other was that difference which there is between the sun and the moon." In spite of his dismissive attitude toward painting, Michelangelo proved to be a gifted painter of sacred art. In fact, he surpassed his contemporaries in expressive intensity and skill to become the reluctant visionary of Italian Renaissance painting. This article explores some of Michelangelo's paintings, his methods and techniques, and the subjects of his art. Follow the links below to learn more. Doni Madonna : This painting shows the sculptural quality to Michelangelo's paintings, the three-dimensional force that they possess. See Doni Madonna by Michelangelo. Libyan Sibyl study : This study for the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel is one of the finest examples of Michelangelo's sketches for that work. Learn more here. Crucifixion :(c. 1541): This drawing has many features in common with Michelangelo's sculptures, and as such reiterates the artist's comment about painting approaching sculpture. Get the details on Crucifixion on this page. Crucifixion :(1540s-50s): Michelangelo became increasingly introspective in his art as he grew older. Crucifixion, and other works from this period, reflects his inner turmoil. The first painting in this article is Doni Madonna, which is a Michelangelo tondi, rich in symbolism and visual depth. Go to the next page to learn more about this work. To learn more about Michelangelo, art history, and other famous artists, see:


Which President of the USA has twin daughters named Jenna and Barbara ?

The Bush Twins biography | birthday, trivia | American Political Relative | Who2 The Bush Twins Biography Twins   Twins Jenna Bush Hager  and Barbara Bush are the only children of former U.S. president George W. Bush and his wife Laura Bush . They are fraternal twins, not identical. Barbara was born first and is named after her grandmother , the former First Lady and wife of George Bush the elder. Jenna is named for the twins’ other grandmother, Jenna Welch, mother of Laura Bush. In the fall of 2000, as their father was finishing a successful run for his first term as U.S. president, both girls began attending college: Barbara at Yale and Jenna at the University of Texas. Both Bush twins had well-publicized brushes with the law during their college years: Jenna Bush was cited for underage drinking in an Austin bar in April of 2001; she later pleaded no contest and was sentenced to community service and alcohol awareness classes. A second incident occurred on 30 May 2001, when both girls were cited by police after attempting to buy drinks at an Austin restaurant. Both twins graduated from their respective colleges in May of 2004. George W. Bush left office and returned to private life in Texas in January of 2009. Jenna Bush married her longtime boyfriend, Henry Hager, on 10 May 2008 in Crawford, Texas. They have two daughters: Margaret (known as Mila) was born in 2013, and Poppy was born in 2015. Jenna later became a correspondent for NBC; Barbara founded the Global Health Corps. George W. Bush was succeeded by President Barack Obama , and the Bush Twins were succeeded as “first daughters” by Obama’s own two daughters: Malia Obama and Sasha Obama . In 2017, as Obama left office, the Bush Twins wrote an open letter to the Obama girls, urging them to “Explore your passions. Learn who you are. Make mistakes — you are allowed to.” Extra credit Jenna Bush is the blonde twin; Barbara Bush is brunette… A 2003 Associated Press report noted the Secret Service code names for the twins were: Twinkle for Jenna, Turquoise for Barbara.


Even though he only lasted for three weeks, who succeeded Adolph Hitler as President of Germany in 1945 ?

Adolf Hitler - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Your continued donations keep Wikipedia running!     Adolf Hitler "Hitler" redirects here. For other uses, see Hitler (disambiguation) . Adolf Hitler ( April 20 , 1889 – April 30 , 1945 ) was Chancellor of Germany from 1933, and " Führer " (leader) of Germany from 1934 until his death. He was leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP), better known as the Nazi Party. Hitler gained power in a Germany facing crisis after World War I . Using propaganda and charismatic oratory, he was able to appeal to the economic need of the lower and middle classes, while sounding resonant chords of nationalism , anti-Semitism and anti-communism . With the establishment of a restructured economy, a rearmed military, and a totalitarian fascist dictatorship , Hitler pursued an aggressive foreign policy with the intention of expanding German Lebensraum ("living space"), which triggered World War II when Germany invaded Poland . At its greatest extent, Nazi Germany occupied most of Europe, but along with the other Axis Powers was eventually defeated by the Allies . By then, Hitler's racial policies had culminated in a genocide of approximately eleven million people, including about six million Jews , in what is now known as the Holocaust . In the final days of the war, Hitler along with his new wife, Eva Braun , committed suicide in his underground bunker in Berlin , after the city was surrounded by the Russian army. Contents Childhood and heritage Adolf Hitler as an infant. Adolf Hitler was born on April 20 , 1889 at Braunau am Inn , Austria , a small town in Upper Austria , on the border with Germany . He was the third son and the fourth of six children of Alois Hitler (born Schicklgruber) (1837–1903), a minor customs official, and Klara Pölzl (1860–1907), his second cousin, and third wife. Because of the close kinship of the two, a papal dispensation had to be obtained before the marriage could take place. Of Alois and Klara's six children, only Adolf and his younger sister Paula reached adulthood. Alois Hitler also had a son, Alois Jr. , and a daughter, Angela , by his second wife. Alois was born illegitimate and for the first thirty-nine years of his life bore his mother's name, Schicklgruber. In 1876, Alois began using the name of his stepfather , Johann Georg Hiedler , after visiting a priest responsible for birth registries and declaring that Georg was his father (Alois gave the impression that Georg was still alive but he was long dead). The name was variously spelled Hiedler, Huetler, Huettler and Hitler and probably changed to "Hitler" by a clerk. About the origin of the name there are two theories: From German Hittler and similar, "one who lives in a hut", "shepherd". From Slavic Hidlar and Hidlarcek. Later, Adolf Hitler was accused by his political enemies of not rightfully being a Hitler, but a Schicklgruber. This was also exploited in Allied propaganda during World War II when pamphlets bearing the phrase "Heil Schicklgruber" were airdropped over German cities.[ citation needed ] Adolf was legally born a Hitler, however, and was also closely related to Hiedler through his maternal grandmother, Johanna Hiedler . Hitler's given name, "Adolf", comes from the Old High German for "noble wolf" ("Adel"="nobility" + "wolf"). [1] Hence, not surprisingly, one of Hitler's self-given nicknames was Wolf or Herr Wolf — he began using this nickname in the early 1920s and was addressed by it only by intimates (as "Uncle Wolf" by the Wagners) up until the fall of the Third Reich. [2] By his closest family and relatives, Hitler was known simply as "Adi". The names of his various headquarters scattered throughout continental Europe ( Wolfsschanze in East Prussia , Wolfsschlucht in France , Werwolf in Ukraine , etc.) seem to reflect this. As a boy, Hitler was whipped almost daily by his father. Years later he told his secretary, "I then resolved never again to cry when my father whipped me. A few days later I had the opportunity of


Which film, released in 1969 and starring Dustin Hoffman is unique in the fact that it was the first X-rated film ever to win best picture Oscar ?

Film History Milestones - 1969 Event and Significance 1969 Midnight Cowboy (1969) ,    starring Dustin Hoffman and Jon Voight, became the only X-rated picture    to ever win an Oscar for Best Picture (the rating was later changed to an    R). More and more mainstream films contained sexual content that was unacceptable    only a few years earlier. 1969 The last film to be rated M (for Mature Audiences) was     director Pierre Grimblat's foreign film Slogan (1969, Fr.), issued on January 26, 1970. It marked the   first collaboration between legendary French singer-songwriter Serge Gainsbourg   and English actress/singer Jane Birkin, who had previously appeared in   Michelangelo Antonioni’s Blow-Up (1966, UK). The couple later married   and became infamous for the sexually explicit hit song "Je   t’aime… moi   non plus." 1969 Stand-up comic, writer and part-time actor Woody Allen made his directorial feature film debut in the comedy Take the Money And Run (1969) , serving as the film's director, actor, and co-scriptwriter. He had shared directorial duties for an earlier film, What's Up, Tiger Lily? (1966), composed of rearranged and redubbed scenes from two Japanese spy films. 1969 On Her Majesty's Secret       Service (1969) was the first (and     last) film with Australian-born actor George Lazenby as Agent 007, the     youngest (at age 29) of the actors to portray Bond at the time of filming.     This was the only film in which Bond married one of his romantic conquests     - although his bride was murdered in a drive-by shooting shortly afterwards     on her wedding day by villain Blofeld's assistant Irma Bunt (Ilse Steppat). 1969 ABC-TV programmer Barry Diller created "The    Movie of the Week." By 1971, ABC was airing Tuesday and Wednesday night    versions. 1969 Sony introduced a new device -- the videocassette    recorder (VCR) for home use. 1969 Kinney National Company, a New York conglomerate    whose interests included parking lots and funeral homes, acquired Warner-Seven    Arts and in 1972 renamed the company Warner Communications Inc. 1969 Director Costa-Gavras' French-Algerian co-produced    thriller Z (1969) received the Oscar as the Best Foreign     Language Film by the Academy. It was also the first nominee in the Best     Foreign Language Film category to be nominated for Best Picture. It also    had the shortest title of a film nominated for an Oscar. 1969 After her last film, Fox's Mr. Belvedere    Goes to College (1949), former child star Shirley Temple entered politics    after raising a family - she was appointed U.S. ambassador to the United    Nations. Later, she served as U.S. ambassador to Ghana (1974-1976) and Czechoslovakia    (1989), and during the late 70s was the U.S. Chief of Protocol. 1969 Mario Puzo’s novel The Godfather was published     in March of 1969, becoming the basis for director Francis Ford Coppola's     monumental duo of Godfather films in the 1970s: The     Godfather (1972) and The Godfather,     Part 2 (1974) . 1969 The first of four theatrical feature film releases based     on the popular Peanuts comic strip characters created by Charles     Schulz, the animated A   Boy Named Charlie Brown (1969), appeared - directed by Bill Melendez.   The other three feature films were: Snoopy, Come Home (1972), Race For   Your Life, Charlie Brown (1977), and Bon Voyage, Charlie Brown (1980). 1969 The establishment of the "First Artists Production Company" was an attempt by Sidney Poitier, Paul Newman, and Barbra     Streisand to form their own studio and control their own projects. Steve     McQueen joined in 1971 (and later Dustin Hoffman in 1976). The first     effort of the short-lived studio (until 1980 when the company was sold)     was Streisand's own Up     the Sandbox (1972). [Streisand's other two films for First Artists     were A Star is Born (1976) and The Main Event (1979).] Approximately     two dozen film


Usually affecting the big toe, Podagra is an alternative name for which medical condition ?

Gout / Podagra Symptoms, Causes, Risk Factors and Treatment | My Toe Hurts Gout / Podagra Symptoms, Causes, Risk Factors and Treatment About Gout / Podagra Gout (a.k.a. podagra when it affects the big toe joint) is a fairly common form of arthritis that is a result of an abnormal metabolism of uric acid. People with gout either produce too much uric acid, or it may be the case that their bodies simply have difficulty getting rid of it. When uric acid builds up in the tissues and the blood, it causes inflammation in the joints, and this leads to gout. The prevalence of gout as a medical condition seems to be on the rise; currently it is estimated that gout affects over 6 million Americans. The increased prevalence of gout may be linked to several different disorders. Some of the conditions that have a correlation to gout include: heart disease, kidney stones, high blood pressure (hypertension), high levels of lipid, and obesity. Chronic gout can be controlled with the help of medication. If the condition is diagnosed early on and treated appropriately, the damage caused to one’s joints will be minimal. Standard treatments tend to include lifestyle changes, and these can be very effective in terms of preventing and managing gout and many of its associated conditions. The joint most commonly affected by gout is the metatarsal-phalangeal joint which is situated at the base of the big toe. This condition is often called podagra. This joint is affected in about 50% of cases. However, gout can affect almost any part of the body. Sometimes it is termed the “rich man’s disease” or the “disease of kings”, due to how gout has been stereotypically linked to habits like overindulgence in food and drink. The truth is, however, that the risk factors for gout vary greatly, and almost anyone can be affected by it. Gout Symptoms The onset of gout is often characterized by intense episodes of pain in individual joints, generally accompanied by swelling, redness, tenderness, and heat. An acute gout attack may wake you up in the early hours of the morning with an unbearable burning sensation in your big toe. The pain experienced during an attack of gout is often described as excruciating, throbbing, or crushing pain. Even the weight of a bed sheet may trigger more pain in the big toe joint. Acute gout may affect just one joint, or it could affect a few. Besides the metatarsal-phalangeal joint, gout commonly affects the knee and ankle joints. In addition to the standard symptoms, someone suffering from an attack of gout may also have a fever. The attack may subside in several days, but may also return occasionally. Subsequent attacks of gout often last for longer than the initial one. If an individual develops chronic gout, this condition is termed gouty arthritis. Gouty arthritis may lead to a loss of motion and damage to the joints. Those with chronic gout may experience pain, swelling, and tenderness most or all of the time. Gout Causes & Risk Factors Hyperuricemia, which signifies abnormally high levels of uric acid in one’s blood, is the direct underlying cause of gout. When we metabolize food, and when bodily tissues are broken down during regular cell turnover, our bodies produce uric acid. 10% of gout patients have bodies that generate an excess of uric acid. These patients are referred to as “over-producers.” Other gout patients are “under-excreters”; these do not effectively pass the uric acid from their bodies in their urine. Under-excreters account for the remaining 90% of gout patients. Why does gout develop? No one knows exactly why. A particularly common factor that increases your risk of getting gout is the excess consumption of alcohol. Beer in particular is high in purines, which causes higher levels of uric acid. Gout is also associated with injuries, surgical procedures, high stress periods, and hospitalization. The condition is at times also a consequence of diuretic medications. Further, there are established links between gout and kidney disorders, cancers, enzyme deficiencies, tumours, and lead poisoning. Patients with


Which film, released in 1973 and featuring the main characters called Henry Shaw Gondorff and Johnny Kelly Hooker won the award for best picture in 1974 ?

The Sting (1973) - IMDb IMDb 17 January 2017 4:34 PM, UTC NEWS There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error In Chicago in September 1936, a young con man seeking revenge for his murdered partner teams up with a master of the big con to win a fortune from a criminal banker. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 49 titles created 02 Jul 2013 a list of 21 titles created 04 Jul 2014 a list of 37 titles created 22 Mar 2015 a list of 32 titles created 26 Sep 2015 a list of 33 titles created 9 months ago Search for " The Sting " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won     7     Oscars. Another    10 wins & 6 nominations. See more awards  » Videos Two Western bank/train robbers flee to Bolivia when the law gets too close. Director: George Roy Hill A man refuses to conform to life in a rural prison. Director: Stuart Rosenberg The incredible story of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , told by his peer and secret rival Antonio Salieri - now confined to an insane asylum. Director: Milos Forman After settling his differences with a Japanese PoW camp commander, a British colonel co-operates to oversee his men's construction of a railway bridge for their captors - while oblivious to a plan by the Allies to destroy it. Director: David Lean A hapless New York advertising executive is mistaken for a government agent by a group of foreign spies, and is pursued across the country while he looks for a way to survive. Director: Alfred Hitchcock Allied prisoners of war plan for several hundred of their number to escape from a German camp during World War II. Director: John Sturges The story of T.E. Lawrence , the English officer who successfully united and led the diverse, often warring, Arab tribes during World War I in order to fight the Turks. Director: David Lean An in-depth examination of the ways in which the U.S. Vietnam War impacts and disrupts the lives of people in a small industrial town in Pennsylvania. Director: Michael Cimino Atticus Finch, a lawyer in the Depression-era South, defends a black man against an undeserved rape charge, and his children against prejudice. Director: Robert Mulligan Retired Old West gunslinger William Munny reluctantly takes on one last job, with the help of his old partner and a young man. Director: Clint Eastwood A man tries to rise in his company by letting its executives use his apartment for trysts, but complications and a romance of his own ensue. Director: Billy Wilder In Casablanca, Morocco in December 1941, a cynical American expatriate meets a former lover, with unforeseen complications. Director: Michael Curtiz Edit Storyline When a mutual friend is killed by a mob boss, two con men, one experienced and one young try to get even by pulling off the big con on the mob boss. The story unfolds with several twists and last minute alterations. Written by John Vogel <jlvogel@comcast.net> ...all it takes is a little Confidence. See more  » Genres: 25 December 1973 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: Did You Know? Trivia Richard Boone was the first choice for the role of Lonnegan. Oliver Reed was offered the role but refused to test for it (he would later play Lonnegan in the sequel). Stephen Boyd was also considered. See more » Goofs When Johnny meets a passed-out Henry for the first time in Henry's apartment, Johnny is wearing a maroon pinstripe suit with a gray three-button collarless undershirt instead of a dress shirt. He also has a three-day stubble. The very next scene,they are both in the bathroom as Henry sobers up in the shower. This time, Johnny has on the same pants, but his coat is off an he's wearing a blue wide-collared dress shirt and is clean shaven. See more » Quotes Johnny Hooker : You're right, Henry. It's not enough. But [laughs] See more » Crazy Credits The opening


Even though he only lasted six months before he was assassinated, who succeeded Franco as Prime Minister of Spain in 1973 ?

Comparative Criminology | Europe - Spain World : Europe : Spain   The Iberian Peninsula has been occupied for many millennia. Some of Europe's most impressive Paleolithic cultural sites are located there; the famous caves at Altamira contain spectacular paintings which date from about 15,000-25,000 years ago. The Basques are the first identifiable people of the peninsula and are the oldest surviving group in Europe. Iberians arrived from North Africa during a more recent period. Beginning in the ninth century BC, Phoenicians, Greeks, Carthaginians, and Celts entered the Iberian Peninsula, followed by the Romans, who arrived in the second century BC. Spain's present language, religion, and laws stem from the Roman period. Although the Visigoths arrived in the fifth century AD, the last Roman strongholds along the southern coast did not fall until the seventh century AD. In 711, North African Moors sailed across the straits, swept into Andalusia, and, within a few years, pushed the Visigoths up the peninsula to the Cantabrian Mountains. The Reconquest--efforts to drive out the Moors--lasted until 1492. By 1512, the unification of present-day Spain was complete. During the 16th century, Spain became the most powerful nation in Europe, due to the immense wealth derived from its presence in the Americas. But a series of long, costly wars and revolts, capped by the defeat by the English of the "Invincible Armada" in 1588, began a steady decline of Spanish power in Europe. Controversy over succession to the throne consumed the country during the 18th century, leading to an occupation by France during the Napoleonic era in the early 1800s, and led to a series of armed conflicts throughout much of the 19th century. The 19th century saw the revolt and independence of most of Spain's colonies in the Western Hemisphere: three wars over the succession issue; the brief ousting of the monarchy and establishment of the First Republic (1873-74); and, finally, the Spanish-American War (1898), in which Spain lost Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines to the United States. A period of dictatorial rule (1923-31) ended with the establishment of the Second Republic. It was dominated by increasing political polarization, culminating in the leftist Popular Front electoral victory in 1936. Pressures from all sides, coupled with growing and unchecked violence, led to the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in July 1936. Following the victory of his nationalist forces in 1939, Gen. Francisco Franco ruled a nation exhausted politically and economically. Spain was officially neutral during World War II but followed a pro-Axis policy. The victorious Allies isolated Spain at the beginning of the postwar period, and the country did not join the United Nations until 1955. In 1959, under an International Monetary Fund stabilization plan, the country began liberalizing trade and capital flows, particularly foreign direct investment. Despite the success of economic liberalization, Spain remained the most closed economy in Western Europe--judged by the small measure of foreign trade to economic activity--and the pace of reform slackened during the 1960s as the state remained committed to "guiding" the economy. Nevertheless, in the 1960s and 1970s, Spain was transformed into a modern industrial economy with a thriving tourism sector. Its economic expansion led to improved income distribution and helped develop a large middle class. Social changes brought about by economic prosperity and the inflow of new ideas helped set the stage for Spain's transition to democracy during the latter half of the 1970s. Upon the death of General Franco in November 1975, Prince Juan Carlos de Borbon y Borbon, Franco's personally designated heir, assumed the titles of king and chief of state. Dissatisfied with the slow pace of post-Franco liberalization, in July 1976, the King replaced Franco's last Prime Minister with Adolfo Suarez. Suarez entered office promising that elections would be held within one year, and his government moved to enact a series of laws to liberalize the n


Usually causing face pain and most common in children aged 2 - 12, whic disease has the alternative name 'Epidemic Parotitus' ?

Parotitis: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology Pathophysiology Overview Background The parotid glands are small exocrine glands that rarely call attention to themselves. Perfect function throughout life is normal. Dry mouth, drooling, swelling, and pain are essentially the only symptoms caused by dysfunction of the salivary glands. The major salivary glands and their ducts are strategically situated on either side of the dental occlusal planes to irrigate and saturate a food bolus with saliva during chewing. The parotid gland contacts the mandibular ramus and muscles of mastication, which massage the gland during chewing. The mechanical squeezing and the parasympathetic nervous system, which analyzes a number of sensory inputs, cause the glands to inject an appropriate quantity and quality of saliva into the oral cavity. Minor salivary glands are scattered throughout the oral cavity and pharynx to assist the major glands in moistening, lubricating, and protecting the teeth and mucosa. The normal flow of saliva though the duct prevents oral bacteria from ascending the duct to cause infection. Inflammatory swelling of the glands may present a serious diagnostic challenge. Parotitis presents in many forms and the symptoms vary from modest to prostrating. Reading the numerous journal articles on parotitis reveals frequent contradictions in the classification, etiology, and treatment of the disorders. A pure viral or bacterial infection, an autoimmune inflammation, or a combination of these can be the etiology. In this article, evolution of the knowledge of parotitis, as well as the diagnosis and treatment, is discussed. Infectious parotitis This group of diseases is caused by known infectious agents. Acute bacterial parotitis Acute bacterial parotitis is now infrequent, but its historical importance and occasional occurrence today necessitate in-depth knowledge of this entity by the otolaryngologist. Mumps and bacterial parotitis were differentiated by 1800, but neither was effectively treated. The mortality rate for bacterial parotitis was 80%. Before antibiotics and intravenous administration of fluids were available, bacterial parotitis occurred in postoperative patients or other severely ill patients who became dehydrated and contributed to their demise as an incurable sepsis . Early in the 20th century, surgeons were hesitant to incise and drain parotid abscesses and frequently used ineffective conservative measures until the process was irreversible. They feared the consequences of the unsightly scar and facial paralysis. Parotid abscess is depicted in the image below. Elderly man with parotid abscess. View Media Gallery In 1917, Lilienthal described a surgical treatment that was very similar to what is used today. [ 1 ] He called parotid abscesses celiac parotitis because they were believed to be metastatic from abdominal infections. Other authors used names such as acute surgical parotitis, acute necrotic parotitis, acute gangrenous parotitis, and other historical designations according to Hemenway and English in 1971. [ 2 ] Lilienthal designed a vertical incision just anterior to the auricle that coursed posteriorly and inferiorly below the ear to join and follow an upper cervical skin crease that paralleled the lower mandibular border as seen in the image below. [ 1 ] He elevated the outlined skin flap forward to expose the parotid gland and made multiple incisions into the gland parallel to the facial nerve branches. He then opened the fascia behind the angle of the mandible to drain deeper spaces. The wound was packed and healed by secondary intention, resulting in a surprisingly good cosmetic result. The number of patients treated by this drainage is not known, but this treatment was probably almost anecdotal to Lilienthal’s contemporaries. Incision outlined for incision and drainage of parotid abscess. View Media Gallery In 1919, Zachary Cope, a British Army surgeon, described 7 patients with parotitis that he had treated in Baghdad during the exceptionally hot summer of 1917. [ 3 ] He recorded that these


First seen in 1926, the series of books entitled The Hardy Boys were published under the collective pseudonym of which author ?

Hardy Boys - The Full Wiki The Full Wiki Advertisements    Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn't yet, but we're working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . Related top topics (Redirected to The Hardy Boys article) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For the WWE professional wrestling tag team, see Hardy Boyz . Cover of the revised edition of The Tower Treasure , the first Hardy Boys mystery The Hardy Boys, Frank and Joe Hardy , are fictional teenage brothers and amateur detectives who appear in various mystery series for children and teens. The characters were created by Edward Stratemeyer , the founder of the Stratemeyer Syndicate , a book-packaging firm, and the books have been written by many different ghostwriters over the years. The books are published under the collective pseudonym Franklin W. Dixon . The Hardy Boys have evolved in various ways since their first appearance in 1927. Beginning in 1959, the books were extensively revised, largely to eliminate racist stereotypes. The books were also written in a simpler style in an attempt to compete with television. Some critics argue that in the process the Hardy Boys changed, becoming more respectful of the law and simultaneously more affluent, "agents of the adult ruling class" [1] rather than characters who aided the poor. A new Hardy Boys series, the Hardy Boys Casefiles, was created in the 1980s, and featured murders, violence, and international espionage. The original Hardy Boys Mystery Stories series ended in 2005. A new series, Undercover Brothers , was launched the same year, featuring updated versions of the characters who narrate their adventures in the first person . Through all these changes, the characters have remained popular. The books sell more than a million copies a year. [2] Several additional volumes are published annually, and the boys' adventures have been translated into more than 25 languages. The Hardy Boys have been featured in computer games and five television shows and used to promote merchandise such as lunchboxes and jeans. Critics have offered many explanations for the characters' longevity, suggesting variously that the Hardy Boys embody simple wish-fulfillment, [3] American ideals of masculinity, [4] American ideals of white masculinity, [5] a paradoxically powerful but inept father, [6] and the possibility of the triumph of good over evil. [7] Contents Main article: List of The Hardy Boys characters The Hardy Boys are fictional teenage brothers and amateur detectives. They live in the fictional town of Bayport with their father, detective Fenton Hardy , their mother, Laura Hardy , [8] and their Aunt Gertrude . Frank, the elder brother, is 18 (16 in earlier versions), and his younger brother Joe is 17 (15 in earlier versions). The brothers nominally attend high school in Bayport, where they are in the same grade, [9] but school is rarely mentioned in the books and never hinders the Hardys in solving mysteries. [1] In the older stories, the Hardy Boys' cases often are linked to the confidential cases their detective father is working on. He sometimes asks them for help, while at other times they stumble upon villains and incidents that are connected to his cases. In the Undercover Brothers series, begun in 2005, the Hardys are members of an organization known as American Teens Against Crime , which assigns them to cases. The Hardy Boys are sometimes assisted in solving mysteries by their friends Chet Morton , Phil Cohen , Biff Hooper , Jerry Gilroy , and Tony Prito , and, less frequently, by their platonic girlfriends Callie Shaw and Iola Morton (Chet's sister). The Hardy Boys are constantly involved in adventure and action. Despite frequent danger the boys "never lose their nerve ... They are hardy boys, luckier and more clever than anyone around them." [10] They live in an atmosphere of mystery and intrigue: "Never were so many assorted felonies committed in a simple American small town. Murder, drug peddling, race horse kidn


Which Englishman was the very first footballer to score a goal for Liverpool in a European Cup Final, the year in question being 1977 ?

The History Of English Clubs In European Cup Finals - Goal.com The History Of English Clubs In European Cup Finals Featured 0 May 19, 2008 11:32:11 Graham Lister looks back at the previous occasions on which English teams have contested the final of Europe's leading competition.... 1 - Busby's Mission Wednesday will see the first Champions League final between two English clubs, but one of them was also the first English club to appear in the final of Europe's premier club competition, then known as the European Champions' Cup. Indeed, Manchester United were England's pioneers in Europe, the first club to represent the country on that prestigious stage, and the ones who, in their second campaign, were decimated at Munich on their way home from a tie in Belgrade.    United had entered the European Cup in defiance of their own short-sighted Football League. Ironically, their opponents this week in Moscow, Chelsea, had been the first English team to qualify for the European Cup when they won the League title in 1954-55. But the insular Football League asked the Blues to "reconsider" their participation because it claimed the extra fixtures might be difficult to fulfil. Chelsea bowed to the unsubtle pressure and withdrew.   When Manchester United won the domestic title in 1955-56 and 1956-57, their manager, Matt Busby, had no intention of missing out on the new continental adventure. The League continued to whinge that United's participation in the fledgling competition was "not in the best interests of the League," but the Red Devils would not be bullied. Busby declared:  "Prestige alone demanded that the continental challenge should be met, not avoided." United initially reached the semi-finals, where they were defeated by all-conquering Real Madrid; but the following season the Busby Babes were destroyed in their prime on 6th February, 1958, having just reached the semi-finals again. Busby, who miraculously survived the air crash at Munich, would not rest until the new side that he built had won the European Cup and honoured the memory of those who had died trying. It would take exactly ten years for the dream to be realised... 1968: MANCHESTER UNITED 4-1 Benfica (aet, London) Celtic had stolen a march on all their English rivals by becoming the first British club to reach the final, in 1967 - when they made it count by defeating mighty Inter Milan in Lisbon. But the following season United laid the ghosts of Munich to rest - and they did so at Wembley, England's national stadium.       They had to come from behind against Real at the Bernabeu in the semis to get there, but after Bobby Charlton gave them the lead against Benfica in the final with a rare headed goal, Graca's equaliser nine minutes from the end transformed the Portuguese champions, who looked set to win when Eusebio burst through in the final minute one-on-one with Alex Stepney. Yet the United keeper made a reflex save to keep out the great man's thunderbolt and force the final into extra-time. George Best scored a stunning individual goal three minutes into the extra period after a mazy dribble, and a minute later Brian Kidd, on his 19th birthday, added United's third. Kidd passed to skipper Charlton - a Munich survivor - who lashed home the fourth, and United were champions of Europe at last. An emotional Busby said: "The moment when Bobby took the Cup it cleansed me. It eased the guilt of going into Europe. It was my justification." 2 - The Era Of English Domination United's victory was a one-off: Busby's team seemed to lose some of their drive and break up soon afterwards, while the Dutch took over at Europe's top table, one of their big clubs appearing in each of the next five finals. Then there was a hat-trick of German triumphs from Bayern Munich, the second of which saw them beat English champions Leeds United on an infamous night in Paris. 1975: Bayern Munich 2-0 LEEDS UNITED (Paris) Under Don Revie, Leeds United had become England's most formidable side, if hardly the best loved. Revie had left to take over the England team after guiding Leeds to


Which Englishman was the very first footballer to score a goal for Manchester United in a European Cup Final, the year in question being 1968 ?

Goal.com's Top 50 English Players: Bobby Charlton (1) - Goal.com Goal.com's Top 50 English Players: Bobby Charlton (1) Featured 0 Jul 1, 2009 16:00:28 We've reached the pinnacle of Goal.com's top 50 countdown of the greatest English players, and the man at number one eptomises both his club and his country: Sir Bobby Charlton... Born:    11 October 1937, Ashington, Northumberland England:    106 caps, 49 goals Clubs:    Manchester United, Preston North End, Waterford United No-one symbolises English football - or a nation's sporting aspirations and achievements - more than Bobby Charlton. During the 1960s he was the most famous - and popular - Englishman in the world, a byword for sportsmanship and fair play, whose fame and universal esteem were based upon the twin virtues of phenomenal footballing ability and a quintessentially Corinthian spirit. He was, and remains, English football's ultimate ambassador, with an unsurpassed record of achievement in the game. That record is impressive enough: Charlton won three Football League championships, the FA Cup, European Cup and World Cup; was Footballer of the Year in both England and Europe; and scored more goals for Manchester United and England than any other player. But it is also the context of his career that made it so unique, poignant and globally admired. For Charlton was shaped and forever affected by the Munich disaster that decimated an outstandingly vibrant team in which he was a rising star of huge promise. Surviving that horror, he was thereafter burdened with the awful question, 'why me?' - while at the same time becoming the focus of his mentor Matt Busby's determination to rebuild a team that would honour the memory of those who had perished. That he met the challenge with such style and success is why Bobby Charlton is number one among Goal.com’s greatest English players of all time. Busby said of Charlton, "There has never been a more popular footballer. He was as near perfection as man and player as it is possible to be." Sir Alf Ramsey, England's manager when they became world champions, put it more prosaically, "He was one of the greatest players I have seen, very much the linchpin of the 1966 team. Early in my management I knew I had to find a role suitable to Bobby's unique talents. He wasn't just a great goalscorer, with a blistering shot using either foot. Bobby was a player who could also do his share of hard work." Charlton was born to play football. It was, quite literally, in his blood. His mother Cissie was one of the Milburns, a footballing clan from the Northumberland mining community. Charlton's grandfather and four of his uncles were professional players, one of them 'Wor' Jackie Milburn, the legendary Newcastle United centre-forward  who is deified on Tyneside. Cissie herself was passionate about the game and coached it to children. So it was inevitable that her own sons Bobby and Jack - who forged an illustrious playing career with Leeds United and England - would be footballers. Bobby grew up supporting Newcastle but was mesmerised by the wizardry of Stanley Matthews, from whom he noted the importance of balance, the timing of runs, and speed over the first 10 yards. He represented England Schools and his potential soon attracted a host of scouts from leading clubs to the Charlton's Ashington home. He opted to join Manchester United, becoming a 'Busby Babe' as the former Scotland wing-half implemented his vision of a successful club built upon a productive youth system and European competition. United had won the League in 1955-56, and the following season defied the FA by entering the fledgling European Cup, progressing to the semi-final where they lost to Real Madrid. Charlton was drafted into the team in autumn 1956, appropriately enough against Charlton Athletic, scoring twice on his debut. He won a League championship medal as United retained the title, and also played in his first FA Cup final, though Aston Villa controversially denied United the double. In 1957-58, their second crack at the European Cup was progressing thrillingly,


Which stage musical, with music and lyrics by Stephen Schwarz, was first seen in 2003 and features the songs 'Defying Gravity', 'I'm not that Girl' and 'As long as you're mine' ?

Wicked: Wicked Script Wicked Script Gregory Maguire: author of the book Stephen Schwartz: composer and author of the music and lyrics for broadway. Cast of Characters: Elphaba..................................................  (Witch of the West) G(a)linda ...............................................   (Witch of the North) Nessarose .........................................….  (Witch of the East) Fiyero..............................................…...   (Scarecrow/ Winkie Prince) Mme. Morrible..................................… (Press Secretary/Head of Shiz) Wizard............................................…...    (Leader of Oz) Head Guard.......................................… (Ozian Army Member) Avaric..............................................…..    (Fiyero's Servant) [Scene 1 - No One Mourns The Wicked] Ozians: THE WITCH OF THE WEST IS DEAD! THE WICKEDEST WITCH THERE EVER WAS, THE ENEMY OF ALL OF US HERE IN OZ, IS DEAD! GOOD NEWS! GOOD NEWS! Ozian: Look, it's Glinda! Glinda floats in on a giant bubble Glinda: It's good to see me, isn't it? (Ozians Agree) No need to respond that was rhetorical. Fellow Ozians: LET US BE GLAD, REJOICIFY THAT GOODNESS COULD SUBDUE THE WICKED WORKINGS OF YOU KNOW WHO! ISN'T IT NICE TO KNOW THAT GOOD WILL CONQUER EVIL? THE TRUTH WE ALL BELIEVE'LL BY AND BY OUTLIVE A LIE FOR YOU AND... Ozian: Glinda! Exactly how dead is she? Glinda: Well, there has been much rumor and speculation... innuendo, outuendo... but let me set the record straight. According to the Time Dragon Clock, the melting occurred at the 13th hour; a direct result of a bucket of water thrown by a female child. Yes, the Wicked Witch of the West is dead! Ozian: NO ONE MOURNS THE WICKED! Ozian: NO ONE CRIES THEY WON'T RETURN! Ozians: NO ONE LAYS A LILY ON THEIR GRAVE! Ozian Man: THE GOOD MAN SCORNS THE WICKED! Women: THROUGH THEIR LIVES OUR CHILDREN LEARN! Ozians: WHAT WE MISS WHEN WE MISBEHAVE! Glinda: THE WICKEDS' LIVES ARE LONELY GOODNESS KNOWS IT JUST SHOWS WHEN YOU'RE WICKED YOU'RE LEFT ONLY THE WICKEDS' LIVES ARE LONELY GOODNESS KNOWS NOTHING GROWS FOR THE WICKED THEY REAP ONLY WHAT THEY'VE SEWN Ozian: Glinda, why does wickedness happen? Glinda: That's a good question; one that many people find confusifying. Are people born wicked, or do they have wickedness thrust upon them? After all, she had a childhood,; She had a father, who just happed to be the governor of munchlinkland.. Witch's Parents Enter. Frex: I'm off to the assembly, dear. Glinda: She had a mother, as so many do... Frex: HOW I HATE TO GO AND LEAVE YOU LONELY Melena: THAT'S ALRIGH IT'S ONLY JUST ONE NIGHT Frex: BUT KNOW THAT YOU'RE HERE, IN MY HEART WHILE I'M OUT OF YOUR SIGHT! Frex Exits. A Lover Runs Into The Room. Glinda: And like all families, they had their secrets. Lover: HAVE ANOTHER DRINK, MY DARK EYED BEAUTY, I'VE GOT ONE MORE NIGHT LEFT HERE IN TOWN, SO HAVE ANOTHER DRINK OF GREEN ELIXER AND WE'LL HAVE OURSELVES A LITTLE MIXER HAVE ANOTHER LITTLE SWALLOW LITTLE LADY, AND FOLLOW ME DOWN Glinda: And of course, from the moment she was born she was... well... different! Midwife: AHHH!! It's coming! LIKE A FROGGY, FERNY CABBAGE, THE BABY IS UNATURALLY Frex: Take it away... Take it away!!!! Glinda: So you see, it couldn't have been easy! Munchkins: NO ONE MOURNS THE WICKED! NOW AT LAST, SHE'S DEAD AND GONE! NOW AT LAST THERE'S JOY THROUGHOUT THE LAND! AND GOODNESS KNOWS (GOODNESS KNOWS) WE KNOW WHAT GOODNESS IS (OOOOHHHH) GOODNESS KNOWS, THE WICKED DIE ALONE (SHE DIED ALONE) WOE TO THOSE (WOE TO THOSE) WHO SPURN WHAT GOODNESSES THEY ARE SHOWN! NO ONE MOURNS THE WICKED (GOOD NEWS) NO ONE MOURNS THE WICKED (GOOD NEWS) NO ONE MOURNS... THE WICKED... WICKED... WICKED!!!!! Glinda: Well, this has been fun! But as you can imagine I have much to attend to, what with the Wizard's unexpected departure. So, if there are no further questions... Ozian: Glinda, is it true you were her friend? Ozians Gasp Glinda: Well, I... you see... um... yes. Louder Gasps Glinda: Well, it depends on what you mean by "friend". She Motions Her Bubble Downward. I d