In which English county could you visit the 'Museum of Witchcraft', the 'Barbara Hepworth Museum' and the 'King Edward Mining Museum'?

Collections A to Z - Leeds University Library Leeds University Library Collections A to Z Collections A to Z The collections A-Z provides summary details of named print and archive collections. Names in the index are inclusive of people, organisations and subjects, arranged by first or most commonly known name.   Special Collections holds many individual and smaller groupings of manuscripts. These are represented in the A-Z within artificial collections, based on types of material for example deeds, scrapbooks. Entries in the index link to full catalogue records with digitised images where these exist. The A-Z continues to grow as new collection descriptions are created. Researchers are advised to explore other search options or contact us if items do not appear here. Restrict the list of collections to a particular subject area: Archive 1 in 4 was a volunteer led organisation based in Bradford, which existed to provide information, housing and educational support to victims of incest. The title of the organisation comes from the statistic that 1 in 4 girls suffer from sexual abuse within the family. For further details see 'A Guide to the Provision of Accommodation for Female Survivors of Sexual Abuse in England', 1996, Sarah Curtess. Collection donated in 1998 by Sarah Curtess on behalf of the 1 in 4 Project and the CASSA (Counselling for Survivors of Sexual Abuse Project, Bradford). Print Literary works published in the final decade of the 19th century. The collection also contains a small number of more recent works surveying the literary and artistic movements and ideas of the closing years of the century. Subjects include English literature, fiction, short stories and verse. A Archive Alphonse James Albert Symons, the author, bibliophile, and gastronome, was born on 16 August 1900 in Battersea, London, of Jewish parentage, and died in Colchester, Essex, on 26 August 1941. For fuller details of his life and achievements see the Dictionary of National Biography. Archive Adrian Christopher Hastings (1929-2001) was a theologian, church historian, and priest. Born on 29 June 1929 in Kuala Lumpur, where his father practised law, he was brought up in Great Malvern, Worcestershire as a Roman Catholic and educated at Douai Abbey, from where, in 1946, he went up to Worcester College, Oxford. There he read history, but felt a growing call to go to Africa as a missionary. He was trained for the priesthood in Rome, where he was ordained in 1955, before going to Africa to work for the church in Uganda, Tanzania and Zambia. In 1972 he returned to Britain to take academic posts in Selly Oak College, Birmingham, then (1973-1976) the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, and later (1976-1982) Aberdeen University. Between 1982 and 1985 he was professor of religious studies at the University of Zimbabwe, before taking up the professorship of theology at the University of Leeds, which he held until his retirement in 1994. His best-known writings include 'The Church in Africa 1450-1950' and 'A History of English Christianity 1920-1985', and he edited 'The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought' and the respected 'Journal of Religion in Africa'. Throughout his life he was a forthright commentator on the contemporary church and its leaders and also involved himself with political causes both in Africa, such as the Wiriyamu massacre in Mozambique, and in Europe, most recently Bosnia and Kosovo. Rejecting the church dogma of compulsory celibacy for the priesthood, he married Ann Spence in 1979. He died on 30 May 2001. Archive Martin Banham, formerly Professor of Theatre and Drama Studies at the University of Leeds, taught at University College, Ibadan, Nigeria from 1956 to 1966. Maintaining an interest in the theatre and performance culture of Africa, he has published works including 'African Theatre Today' (London, 1976), 'The Cambridge Guide to African and Caribbean Theatre' (Cambridge 1994, 2004), and 'A History of Theatre in Africa' (Cambridge, 2005). Print Includes: Francois Rozier’s “Cours complet d'agriculture” (10v, 1793-18


Making his debut for Newcastle United in 1994, who was the first Belgian to play in the Premier League?

Newcastle Ex Defenders - Newcastle United   Newcastle United Newcastle United Defenders  Darren Peacock After being released by Bristol Rovers, Peacock started his career in the lower leagues at Newport County, and when the club folded in 1989 he signed for Hereford United. In his first full season with the Bulls, he was voted player of the year, featuring regularly in the team that won the Welsh Cup in 1990. Peacock's performances with Hereford earned him a move to First Division club Queens Park Rangers in 1990 for £200,000. He was a member of the QPR team that beat Manchester United 4–1 at Old Trafford in front of a live television audience on New Year's Day 1992. After having made over 100 league appearances for QPR, Peacock was purchased by Kevin Keegan of Newcastle United on 24 March 1994, for £2.7 million, to strengthen their defence in their first season in the Premier League. A sell-on clause meant that Hereford received a total fee of £440,000 for the player, which remains, as of February 2010, their record transfer fee received.  He helped the Magpies to a third-place finish, which earned the club qualification for the UEFA Cup. Newcastle won their first six league games in the 1994–95 season, and there was talk of a first top-flight title since 1927, but they lost form and finished in sixth position, out of the European qualification zone. The following season, Peacock was part of the team that lost the Premier League title to Manchester United after having a 10-point lead at Christmas. He scored only twice for the Magpies, one of those coming in a 5–0 home defeat of Manchester United on 20 October 1996. This was Keegan's final season as club manager, and his replacement, Kenny Dalglish, gradually broke up his predecessor's team. Peacock made 158 appearances for Newcastle in all competitions, and moved on to Blackburn Rovers in 1998, where his serious injury problems began. He scored one goal for Rovers, against Southampton in April 1999, but soon lost his place in the team and served loan spells at West Ham United and Wolverhampton Wanderers. While on loan at Wolves, Peacock collided with his own goalkeeper, Michael Oakes, in a match against Fulham, suffering damaged vertebrae in his neck and compression to his spine. He played on in the match despite being knocked unconscious, and it was only on his return to Blackburn that it became clear how close he had come to paralysis. He retired from football in December 2000. Darren Peacock's Photos Warren Barton On 5 June 1995 he became the most expensive defender in English football when he moved to Newcastle United for £4million, joining the "The Entertainers" being assembled by Kevin Keegan. Everything looked rosy for Barton, and a few England caps followed, his classy, comfortable style on the ball earned him a reputation as a true footballing full-back. His attacking role under Keegan however meant he did not always suit the national team and he did not make too many more appearances for England. He made his debut in the famous black and white kit on 19 August 1995, when the Magpies beat Coventry City 3–0 at St James' Park. He played 31 times that season, and by Christmas it was looking certain that he would be collecting a league title medal as the Magpies had a 10-point lead over Manchester United at the top of the Premier League. However, when the Magpies lost 1–0 at home to the Old Trafford side on 4 March 1996, the lead had been cut to a single point and soon afterwards they were overhauled, having to settle for second place in the final table. Over the next two seasons, Barton's first team opportunities were more limited as manager Kevin Keegan and his successor Kenny Dalglish (who took over in January 1997) chose Steve Watson as a right back more frequently. However, Watson's move to Aston Villa in October 1998 saw Barton return to the right-back position on a more regular basis under new manager Ruud Gullit, and he was still the club's first choice player in this position in 2000–01, by which time the Magpies were being managed by the former England bo


In which Dickens novel do we find the sanctimonious architect and surveyor named 'Seth Pecksniff'?

David Perdue's Charles Dickens Page - Dickens' Best Characters Dickens' Best Characters Dickens' Best Characters These are my picks (in no particular order) for Dickens' best characters. "Best" here refers to most entertaining, these are the characters that stretched the nearly boundless imagination of Dickens to the utmost. Some of these characters you may like to meet on the street (Tommy Traddles, Joe Gargary), some are characters you would definitely steer clear of (Ebenezer Scrooge, Daniel Quilp) but all are truly fascinating and evidence of the amazing genius of Dickens. Sam Weller ( Pickwick Papers ) Dickens' first novel was sinking into mediocrity until Dickens introduced Mr. Pickwick's man-servant Sam Weller. Sam councils his master with charming Cockney wisdom. Fagin ( Oliver Twist ) This crafty old Jew who runs a thieve's school near Field Lane in Saffron Hill is the centerpiece of Dickens' second novel. Oliver falls in with Fagin's band of child pickpockets on arriving in London. Jewish groups took offence at the stereotypical treatment of Fagin. Vincent Crummles ( Nicholas Nickleby ) Manager of a touring stage company who employs and befriends Nicholas Nickleby and Smike. Described as having "a very full under- lip, a hoarse voice, as though he were in the habit of shouting very much, and very short black hair, shaved off nearly to the crown of his head--to admit of his more easily wearing character wigs of any shape or pattern." Daniel Quilp ( The Old Curiosity Shop ) An evil dwarf who lends money to Nell's grandfather who gambles it away and flees London with Nell in an attempt to avoid Quilp. Quilp attempts to find the pair as they travel through the country. Later Quilp is pursued by the police and, lost in the fog, drowns in the Thames. Quilp is as close to creating a monster that Dickens ever ventured. Seth Pecksniff ( Martin Chuzzlewit ) Sanctimonious surveyor and architect "who has never designed or built anything", and one of the biggest hypocrites in fiction. Dickens' description of Pecksniff's hypocrisy is telling: "Some people likened him to a direction-post, which is always telling the way to a place, and never goes there." Sairey Gamp ( Martin Chuzzlewit ) Even among the bizarre cast of characters in Dickens, Mrs Gamp is a piece of work. She is a nurse of sorts whose specialty lies in the polar extremities of life, the lying in and the laying out. Habitually in liquor, she creates the imaginary Mrs Harris whose praises Mrs Gamp uses to promote her good opinion of herself. Ebenezer Scrooge ( A Christmas Carol ) Probably Dickens' best known character, the miserly Scrooge, with his familiar cry of "Bah, Humbug!", is visited by the ghost of his former partner, Jacob Marley, who sends three more spirits in hopes of reforming Scrooge's heartless and penny-pinching ways. Scrooge's final redemption represents the optimistic end we all hope is possible in the human experience. Jack Bunsby ( Dombey and Son ) Seafaring friend of Captain Cuttle who is always called in times of crisis for advise. The advise given confounds everyone listening except his friend Cuttle, who values it immensely. Bunsby is described by Dickens as having "one stationary eye in the mahogany face, and one revolving one, on the principle of some lighthouses." Betsey Trotwood ( David Copperfield ) David Copperfield's great aunt. David describes her as "A tall, hard-featured lady, but by no means ill-looking. There was an inflexibility in her face, in her voice, in her gait and carriage, amply sufficient to account for the effect she had made upon a gentle creature like my mother; but her features were rather handsome than otherwise, though unbending and austere." Dickens' friend and biographer John Forster called Betsey "a gnarled and knotted piece of female timber, sound to the core." Wilkins Micawber ( David Copperfield ) Continually in debt and looking for "something to turn up" the impecunious and loveable Micawber allows Dickens to vent some feelings about his father. David Copperfield describes Micawber as "a stoutish


Making his debut for Newcastle United in 1995, who was the first Colombian to play in the Premier League?

Premier League: Reliving Newcastle's 1995/96 title challenge, by the players - Yahoo Sport More Sports Premier League: Reliving Newcastle's 1995/96 title challenge, by the players It's 20 years since one of the Premier Leagues most exciting teams faltered after leading by 12 points. The Magpies main men from that era talk you through the key games of a thrilling season. You'll LOVE it... 20 April 2016 10:14   Newcastle United ’s 1995/96 season, as the cliché goes, had everything. It had great moments (“I will love it if we beat them”), great games (that 4-3 defeat at Anfield), great stats (12 points clear in early February) and great myths. Our memories tell us that Kevin Keegan ’s side scored for fun that season, and conceded just as easily. In fact, they found the net just 66 times, one fewer than in the previous campaign, and conceded 37, only two more than eventual champions Manchester United . But why let the truth get in the way of a great story? And what a story it was. “The trouble is,” says left-back John Beresford , “we were having such a good time that it flew by, and we didn’t get a chance to take it all in.” Setting the scene Newcastle had returned to the top flight with a bang in 1993/94, scoring 82 goals as they finished third in their first season back. Nearly half of those goals had come from Andy Cole , though, who was sold to Manchester United in January 1995. After finishing sixth, and backed by Sir John Hall’s millions, the Toon regrouped that summer, signing Les Ferdinand from QPR and David Ginola from PSG, as well as goalkeeper Shaka Hislop and England right-back Warren Barton (Tino Asprilla and David Batty would join them in February). Inspired by Keegan – “We would have jumped off the Tyne Bridge for him,” says Beresford – Newcastle believed they could mount a serious title challenge. They were great to watch, playing in an attacking 4-4-2 formation with two out-and-out wingers. View gallery . “I watch the Premier League now and I get bored,” Rob Lee, their star midfielder that season, tells FourFourTwo. “I’ve never seen so many 0-0s. We didn’t play in any that season. And Keegan never told us to take the ball into the corner if we were 2-1 up. We were told to try to get a third goal, then a fourth.” That gung-ho approach, allied with a lack of title-winning experience within the squad, ultimately proved to be their downfall. Unlike their title rivals Manchester United, who by then were approaching the height of their unpopularity under Alex Ferguson , Newcastle found it increasingly difficult to grind out results on the road. Just one of the Magpies’ eight defeats that season came at a rapturous St James’ Park. “But I wouldn’t change a thing,” insists Beresford. “And I know people will say it’s sour grapes, but I think it would have been great for football if we’d won the league. That’s why neutrals want Leicester to win it this season – everybody loves a team who go for it, who entertain. And we entertained. How many other teams are still remembered for finishing second?” View gallery Newcastle United 3-0 Coventry City St James’ Park, August 19, 1995 It didn’t take long for Rob Lee to realise that Newcastle’s class of 1995/96 were on the verge of something special. “It was the opening game of the season,” the former England midfielder tells FFT. “The sun was shining, the atmosphere at St James’ Park was electric and we were 2-0 up – although it could have been quite a few more. I remember thinking: ‘We’ve got a very good team here’. We had a nucleus of players who were on the fringes of the England team, which meant they were hungry, and we had a great team spirit, which made it easy for new players to settle in quickly. “We were a little bit weak physically the season before, so we made some ‘strong’ signings, and because the manager was under pressure after selling Andy Cole to Manchester United in January, he made all his summer signings pretty much as soon as the season had finished, which took the pressure off. I’d been trying for ages to persuade Les [Ferdinand] to join Newcastle, while


Which British scientist discovered and studied hydrogen, was the first to measure Newton's gravitational constant, and calculated the mass and mean density of the Earth?

Earth's Mass - EnchantedLearning.com Geologic Time Chart HOW IS THE MASS OF THE EARTH DETERMINED? How is the mass of the Earth determined? Newton , Galileo, Henry Cavendish, and Eratosthenes contributed to this amazing calculation. This calculation is done using Newton's Law of Gravity, which formulates the attractive force (gravitational force) that two masses exert on each other: F=GmM/r2 In Newton's equation, F is the gravitational force, G is a constant of proportionality, M and m are the two masses exerting the forces, and r is the distance between the two objects. G was calculated by Henry Cavendish in 1798, and was determined to be 6.67 x 10-11 m3/(kg sec2). Also needed is Newton's second law of motion, F=ma, where F is the force applied to an object, m is the mass of the object, and a is its acceleration due to the force. Galileo determined that the acceleration due to the force of gravity of Earth was a constant equal to 9.8 m/sec2 near the surface of the Earth. Lastly, you need to know the radius of the Earth; this was first calculated by the Greek Eratosthenes thousands of years ago (by comparing shadows in wells during the summer solstice about 230 B.C.). CALCULATING THE MASS OF THE EARTH 1. F = GmM/r2 = ma, where F is the gravitational force, G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the Earth, r is the radius of the Earth, and m is the mass of another object (near the surface of the Earth). 2. GM/r2= a (The m's canceled out.) Now solve for M, the mass of the Earth. 3. M = ar2/G, where a = 9.8m/sec2, r = 6.4 x 106m, and G = 6.67 x 10-11m3/(kg sec2). 4. M = 9.8 x (6.4 x 106)2/(6.67 x 10-11) = 6.0 x 1024 kg THE PEOPLE BEHIND THE CALCULATION CAVENDISH, HENRY Henry Cavendish (1731-1810) was an English chemist and physicist. Cavendish discovered that hydrogen gas was a substance different from ordinary air (whose components he analyzed), described the composition of water (hydrogen and oxygen) and other important works. Cavendish was the first person to determine Newton's gravitational constant gravitational constant and accurately measured of the Earth's mass and density. ERATOSTHENES Eratosthenes (276-194 BC) was a Greek scholar who was the first person to determine the circumference of the Earth. He compared the midsummer's noon shadow in deep wells in Syene (now Aswan on the Nile in Egypt) and Alexandria. He properly assumed that the Sun's rays are virtually parallel (since the Sun is so far away ). Knowing the distance between the two locations, he calculated the circumference of the Earth to be 250,000 stadia. Exactly how long a stasia is is unknown, so his accuracy is uncertain. He also accurately measured the tilt of the Earth's axis and the distance to the sun and moon, and devised a method for determining the prime numbers up to a given number (the Sieve of Eratosthenes).  Eratosthenes made numerous contributions to the sciences and arts in many fields, including geography, mathematics, astronomy, chronography (calendars), music, and literature. Eratosthenes was a brilliant all-around scholar; although not the top expert on any topic, he was well-versed in all subjects, and therefore nicknamed "Beta" (which is the second letter of the Greek alphabet). GALILEI, GALILEO Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) was an Italian mathematician, astronomer, and physicist. He was the first person to use a telescope to observe the skies (in 1609). Galileo discovered four moons of Jupiter , observed the phases of Venus , studied sunspots, and discovered many other important phenomena. After publishing the many discoveries he made using his telescope, including the motion of the Earth around the Sun (the Copernican System ), Galileo was accused of heresy by the Inquisition (in 1633).


In which of Charles Dickens' novels would you find 'Joe'. an extremely fat boy who can fall asleep in any situation at any time of day?

The Pickwickian fat boy syndrome | DeepDyve Try 2 weeks free now The Pickwickian fat boy syndrome Rössner, Stephan . . . I wasn't to leave off knocking till they opened the door for fear that I should go to sleep said the boy. The fat boy in Charles Dickens' The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club has no other name in the book but was in fact modelled after James Budden, a real‐life fat boy whom Dickens must have seen on various occasions. In the novel, he has referred to a ‘fat and red‐faced boy in a state of somnolency’, a ‘young dropsy’, a ‘young opium eater’ and a ‘young boa constrictor’. In the book The Battle of the Bulge , George Bray describes the development of the term ‘the Pickwick syndrome’ in detail (1) . The Pickwickian syndrome has, however, been described previously in the medical history books. A handful of papers discuss the syndrome from 1866 and onwards, but it is the paper by Burwell et al . that establishes the term the Pickwickian syndrome in the medical literature for the condition (2) ; however, in clinical reality, there has been a controversy regarding which components really constitute the syndrome as such. In some cases, the term Pickwickian has been applied to describe the http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Obesity Reviews Wiley http://www.deepdyve.com/lp/wiley/the-pickwickian-fat-boy-syndrome-VqFyRRvlBv Stephan’s Corner The Pickwickian fat boy syndrome ...I wasn’t to leave off knocking till they opened the door for fear that I should go to sleep said the boy. The fat boy in Charles Dickens’ The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club has no other name in the book but was in fact modelled after James Budden, a real-life fat boy whom Dickens must have seen on various occasions. In the novel, he has referred to a ‘fat and red-faced boy in a state of somnolency’, a ‘young dropsy’, a ‘young opium eater’ and a ‘young boa constrictor’. In the book The Battle of the Bulge, George Bray describes the development of the term ‘the Pickwick syndrome’ in detail (1). The Pickwickian syndrome has, however, been described previously in the medical history books. A handful of papers discuss the syndrome from 1866 and onwards, but it is the paper by Burwell et al. that estab- lishes the term the Pickwickian syndrome in the medical literature for the condition (2); however, in clinical reality, there has been a controversy regarding which components really constitute the syndrome as such. In some cases, the term Pickwickian has been applied to describe the clinical syndrome of obesity, daytime somnolence and hypoventi- lation. Other scientists describe the term as an erratic terminology of scientiﬁc expression and more justiﬁed by poetic license than by literarily history or medical precision. Charles Dickens was not a physician but he was an observer of the individuals in his surrounding and used what he saw to attribute these characteristics to his ﬁgures in his novels. The description of the fat boy Joe is one of somnolence, obesity, snoring and a ruddy face that reﬂects the several features of sleep apnoea. The quote illustrates the fact that the poor fat boy could fall asleep in any situation and needed help or routines to keep awake. Often, alveolar hypoventilation, pulmonary hypertension and dysfunction of the pulmonary artery system is included in the deﬁnition. Many of these patients are described as red-faced or cyanotic. That sleep apnoea today is a very common complication to obesity is well known and also that weight loss may be of considerable help in alleviating the syndrome. Generally, weight loss is recommended as a ﬁrst line of treatment, but when it is realized that compli- ance may not be high, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the alternative mode of treatment. On the other hand, compliance with the CPAP equipment is not always as high as one would desire and many patients do not use their mask and the equipment to the extent that they really should. In modern time, there is one anecdotal evidence about the serious complications of sleep apnoea describ


In which English county could you visit the 'Fox Talbot Museum', the 'Museum of Computing', and the 'Kennet and Avon Canal Museum'?

VisitBritain_Top 12 Guide to Britain & Northern Ireland_01 by Jamm Design Ltd - issuu issuu TO PLACES IN BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND Stonehenge Wiltshire, England The Peace Bridge Derry-Londonderry, Northen Ireland 2 Introduction 2012 is a big year and we are welcoming you to Britain with our Top 12 attractions and experiences in our regions and cities! has it that the start of the marathon was moved to the Castle’s East Terrace because the then Princess of Wales wanted her children to see the race), and much, much more. Not only is Britain hosting the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games but we have many more exciting and excellent events to celebrate, including the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee with a series of colourful Jubilee activities progressing through the year . The bicentenary of the birth of Charles Dickens makes this year a mustvisit to Kent, home to many of his literary inspirations. In addition, 2012 marks the centenary of the Titanic in Belfast, where the iconic ship was built with the world’s largest & greatest Titanic visitor experience. Hopefully you will get a chance to experience some of this yourself and discover your own Top 12! The London 2012 Festival (21 June – 9 Sept) reaches across the entire country including free events (Britain has collections of the world’s finest art in iconic galleries – most of them free to visit); breath-taking views (pop in to the Lookout Café for the sweeping views to Portland, Dorset, while munching sandwiches made with locally-caught crab); literary highlights ( the World Shakespeare Festival in Warwickshire and around the world celebrates the bard’s influence); historical sites galore (visit the Little Chapel in Guernsey, possibly the world’s smallest consecrated church); family fun and attractions (Longleat Safari Park is in the heart of the English countryside, Wiltshire); palatial gardens (stroll through Bath’s Royal Victoria Park en route to taking tea in the Pump Room); sports to participate in (learn to play polo in Windsor), hidden gems (seek out Project Pigeon in Birmingham); bon vivants’ delights (West Sussex alone has 12 world-class vineyards); little known regional facts (visit Windsor to hear the amazing story of the 1908 Olympic marathon and why the official marathon route is 26 miles and 385 yards - legend How to use We have created an easy-to-use guide that provides you with all the information needed to experience the Top 12 in each region; click on the Contents Page to take you to the sections - England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, Channel Islands Then, within each section, you will find categories for regions recommending their Top 12s, with contact details, opening times and websites providing more information. Hopefully this guide has given you some ideas and inspiration that will thrill your readers and viewers. Britain – You’re Invited. Paul Gauger Global Leader, 2012 Games Media www.visitbritain.com/media Media contacts in Americas New York Meredith Pearson PR Executive USA 845 Third Avenue, Floor 10, New York, NY 10022 T: 001 212 850 0377 C: 001 917 412 0124 E: meredith.pearson@visitbritain.org Kathleen Oâ€™Connell PR Executive USA 845 Third Avenue, Floor 10, New York, NY 10022 T: 001 212 850 0364 E: kathleen.oconnell@visitbritain.org Callum Roberts Business Development Assistant 845 Third Avenue, Floor 10, New York, NY 10022 T: 001 212 850 0336 E: callum.roberts@visitbritain.org Lisa Kearns PR & Communications Executive 845 Third Avenue, Floor 10, New York, NY 10022 T: 001 212 850 0327 E: lisa.kearns@visitbritain.org Los Angeles Katrina Early Film Tourism and PR Manager (West Coast) 11766 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 1200, Los Angeles, CA 90025 T: 00 1 310 268 2132 F: 00 1 310 481 2960 E: katrina.early@visitbritain.org Odalys Flores E: odalys.flores@visitbritain.org Canada Ted Flett PR & Communications Manager 160 Bloor Street East, Suite 905, Toronto, Ontario, M4W 1B9 T: 001 416 646 6676 F: 001 416 642 2240 C: 001 647.202.4184 E: ted.flett@visitbritain.org Brazil Mitsi Goulias Press & PR Manager Centro Brasileiro Britanico, Ru


Which of Puccini's operas was left unfinished at his death and later completed by Franco Alfano?

Turandot Puccinis Last Opera | News Press | Opera Carolina Turandot: Puccini's Last Opera Share This Turandot: Puccini's Last Opera Charlotte, NC - One of the most praised names in the opera world, Giacomo Puccini is the genius behind some of the most magnificent operas, including his seminal works Madama Butterfly, La bohème, and Turandot; all three rank in Opera America’s top 20 most-performed operas in the US. However, at his death in November of 1924, Puccini left his final opera, Turandot, incomplete. In his memory, protégée Franco Alfano completed the opera based on the sketches Puccini left behind. At the opera’s premiere in April 1926, Arturo Toscanini conducted through the end of Puccini’s original score. At this point, he turned to the audience and declared, “This marks the end of the opera left unfinished by the Maestro, because at this point he died.” Cries of “Viva Puccini!” rang out as the curtain was lowered. Toscanini edited Alfano’s interpretation to create “Alfano II,” now the most common full version of Puccini’s opera. *** Who was Puccini? Giacomo Puccini was born in Lucca, Italy on December 22, 1858. After seeing Verdi’s Aïda in March 1876, Puccini decided opera was to be his life's work. In 1880 Puccini enrolled at the Milan Conservatory where he worked diligently at his music and received his diploma in 1883. Twenty years separate the premieres of Giacomo Puccini's first opera, Le Villi, from the premiere of his sixth opera, Madama Butterfly. In those twenty years, Puccini had become the acknowledged heir to the great Giuseppe Verdi as the leading composer of Italian opera, blazing a trail of success that moved opera into new realms of realism. Unfinished Business? It’s unfair to say that Puccini left Turandot unfinished; he simply had no time to finish it. He began in March of 1920, and by February 1924, Act III was almost complete. A lifelong smoker, Puccini was diagnosed with laryngeal cancer in 1924. By autumn 1924, Puccini’s chronic sore throat escalated and in November he left for a set of groundbreaking radiotherapy treatments in Brussels – taking with him 36 pages of notes and sketches for Turandot’s finale and the promise of frequent communication with Toscanini, who was to conduct the scheduled premiere. Twenty days into treatment, he underwent surgery that left him unable to speak and he died of a heart attack four days later on November 29, 1924 in Brussels. Italy declared a national state of mourning. A tragic end yielded a remarkable work. Turandot will be performed at the Belk Theater of the Blumenthal Performing Arts Center April 16 at 7:30 p.m., April 18 at 8:00 p.m. & April 19 at 2:00 p.m. Tickets are available by calling 704.372.1000 or visit us at www.operacarolina.org . Full cast listings and bios are available at Opera Carolina Cast Bios. To download images of this production please visit Opera Carolina Media Photos. Current images available include headshots, producttion photos, and the Opera Carolina logo. Turandot is sung in Italian with projected English titles and is recommended for G audiences. All performances feature the Opera Carolina Chorus and the Charlotte Symphony Orchestra. This production is made possible by Presenting Sponsors Margaret and Price Zimmermann, and The Hearst Corporation. Principal Artists sponsored by Drs. Ki-Hyun and Sun Shin Chun. Additional support provided by Duke Energy, Faison, U.S. Airways, and Blue Restaurant & Bar. Media support provided by The Charlotte Observer. Consistently appearing in The Charlotte Observer’s “101 Things to Do in Charlotte,” check Opera Carolina off the list and be a part of the 2008/2009 season! Opera Carolina Founded in 1948 as the Charlotte Opera Association by a small group of volunteers, Opera Carolina today is the largest professional opera company in the Carolinas with an operating budget of over $3.5 million. The mission of Opera Carolina is to inspire the region’s diverse community through the presentation of excellent Opera, Operetta, Music Theater, and Education & Outreach programs that elevate the quality


Which South African author was the first person to win the Booker Prize twice with his novel 'Disgrace'?

Man Booker Prize longlist 2016: Adelaide Uni's JM Coetzee vying to win for third time Man Booker Prize longlist 2016: Adelaide Uni's JM Coetzee vying to win for third time reddit More London: J.M. Coetzee could become the first author to win the Man Booker Prize three times after being longlisted in the literary award's prestigious "dozen" of 13 books. South African-born Coetzee was the first author to win the Booker prize twice – but both those prizes came before he relocated to Adelaide in 2002 and became an Australian citizen. SHARE South African-born author J.M. Coetzee won both his Bookers before he relocated to Adelaide in 2002.  Photo: Edwina Pickles "In the absence of Richard Flanagan this year, I am happy to be flying the Australian flag," Coetzee told Fairfax Media, referring to the 2014 Booker winner. Coetzee's The Schooldays of Jesus has been named in the 2016 longlist alongside four authors with debut novels: David Means (Hystopia), Virginia Reeves (Work Like Any Other), Ottessa Moshfegh (Eileen) and Wyl Menmuir (The Many). SHARE Link J.M. Coetzee's The Schooldays of Jesus.  The Schooldays of Jesus is due for release in Australia in October 2016. It is the sequel to the 2013 novel Childhood of Jesus which tells the story of middle-aged man Simon meeting five-year-old David on a boat and deciding to look after him when they land in a new country. The Nobel prize-winner won his first Booker in 1983 for Life & Times of Michael K, and again in 1999 for Disgrace. Advertisement Now a Professor of Literature at the University of Adelaide, where he is patron of the J.M Coetzee Centre for Creative Practice, the linguist is also a prominent animal rights campaigner, recently telling an audience in Spain that animals don't need a human's love, but their justice . Chair of the 2016 Booker judges Amanda Foreman described the longlist as one "to be relished". "This is a very exciting year. The range of books is broad and the quality extremely high," Ms Foreman said. "Each novel provoked intense discussion and, at times, passionate debate, challenging our expectations of what a novel is and can be." "The writing is uniformly fresh, energetic and important. It is a longlist to be relished.'" The shortlist will be announced in London on September ahead of the naming of the £50,000 ($A87,000) winner on 25 October. The 2016 longlist, or "the Man Booker dozen", of 13 novels, is: The Sellout - Paul Beatty (US) The Schooldays of Jesus - J.M. Coetzee (South African-Australian) Serious Sweet - A.L. Kennedy (UK) Hot Milk - Deborah Levy (UK) His Bloody Project - Graeme Macrae Burnet (UK) The North Water - Ian McGuire (UK) Hystopia - David Means (US) The Many - Wyl Menmuir (UK) Eileen - Ottessa Moshfegh (US) Work Like Any Other - Virginia Reeves (US) My Name Is Lucy Barton - Elizabeth Strout (US) All That Man Is - David Szalay (Canada-UK) Do Not Say We Have Nothing - Madeleine Thien (Canada)


Which fairytale character was the subject of operas by both Rossini and Massenet?

Opera Bracelets | Cinderella Opera Gift | Massenet | Rossini Cinderella Cinderella The beloved fairy tale Cinderella is a popular subject for operas. Both Rossini and Massenet have retold the story in their own ways and both productions, La Cenerentola and Cendrillon, respectively,  are popular in the modern repertoire. Click a photo to see and learn more about bracelets celebrating these beloved works.


Polaris is the brightest star in which constellation?

Polaris: The North Star – Alpha Ursae Minoris | Constellation Guide by admin Polaris, also known as the North Star, Alpha Ursae Minoris or Star of Arcady, is the brightest star in Ursa Minor constellation. Polaris is notable for currently being the closest bright star to the North Celestial Pole. The pole marks true north, which makes the North Star important in navigation, as the star’s elevation above the horizon closely matches the observer’s latitude. The North Star has a reputation for being bright, but it is not among the top 10 or even the top 40 brightest stars in the night sky. It is only the 48th brightest star, and owes its reputation to the fact that it is the nearest relatively bright (second magnitude) star to the North Celestial Pole. Polaris is also the star that marks the end of the Little Dipper ‘s handle. It is approximately 434 light years or 133 parsecs distant from Earth. Polaris goes by many different names, including the Northern Star, Pole Star, Lodestar, Guiding Star, and Cynosūra, derived from the Greek κυνόσουρα for “the dog’s tail.” In ancient Greek times, Ursa Minor was taken to represent a dog, not a bear. The close view to the Polaris trinary star system. Credit: NASA, ESA, N. Evans (Harvard-Smithsonian CfA), and H. Bond (STScI) Most of the names used for Alpha Ursae Minoris (Alpha UMi) reflect the star’s role as the pole star. The name Polaris itself is an ellipsis for Stella Polaris, the Latin for “pole star.” In Latin, the star is also known as Stella Maris, or “the sea star.“ In medieval Islamic astronomy, Polaris was known as Mismar, meaning “needle” or “nail,” al-kaukab al-shamaliyy or “the north star,” and al-kutb al-shamaliyy or “the northern axle (or spindle).” Alpha Ursae Minoris is slightly off the pole, making a circle around it roughly 1.5 degrees across. As a result of the 26,000 year precession of the Earth’s axis, the celestial pole is currently moving closer to Polaris. Once it reaches the separation of 14 arc minutes around the year 2105, the pole will start to move away from the star again. Eventually, another star will take over as the navigational benchmark for true north. LOCATION How to find the North Star Because the Little Dipper is not bright enough to be seen from areas where there is too much light pollution, the easiest way to locate the North Star is by using the stars of the bigger and brighter Big Dipper in the nearby Ursa Major constellation . Polaris, the North Star, is found by imagining a line from Merak (β) to Dubhe (α) and then extending it for five times the distance after Dubhe (α). Legend: α UMa (Dubhe), β UMa (Merak), γ UMa (Phecda), δ UMa (Megrez), ε UMa (Alioth), ζ UMa (Mizar), η UMa (Alkaid) and α Ursae Minoris (Polaris), image: Alex Zelenko The stars Dubhe and Merak in Ursa Major , also known as the Pointers, are the easiest way to find Polaris. These are the two bright stars that outline the outer part of the bowl of the Big Dipper . An imaginary line through these stars leads directly to the North Star. Polaris is located at about five times the distance between the Pointer stars. It is the first bright star in that direction. The Big Dipper completes a circle around Polaris every 23 hours and 56 minutes, with the Pointer stars always pointing toward the North Star. The only nearby bright stars that are readily seen are Kochab and Pherkad, which are also part of the Little Dipper . The two stars are known as the “Guardians of the Pole” because they appear to march around the North Star like sentries. Polaris marks the end of the handle of the Little Dipper , or the tip of the tail of the Smaller Bear . The stars of the Little Dipper are relatively faint and can only be seen without binoculars in good conditions, with clear skies, no light pollution, and little or no moonlight. Pole Star Polaris lies almost in a direct line with the Earth’s rotation axis, which is to say almost exactly “above” the North Pole. The star is almost motionless, with all the other stars in the northern sky seemingly rotating around it. The North Star never rises or


Who was appointed the first permanent President of the European Council in November 2009?

EUROPA - The history of the European Union - 2009 The history of the European Union - 2009 The euro becomes legal tender in Slovakia. 1 The Czech Republic holds the rotating Presidency of the Council of the European Union for the first time. Presidency priorities include the economy and energy. 1 The European year of creativity and innovation begins. In the course of the year, conferences, projects and exhibitions take place across Europe to raise awareness of the need for imaginative solutions for today’s challenges. 7 Linz (Austria) and Vilnius (Lithuania) share the title of European Capital of Culture for 2009. February 8 Switzerland votes to extend the agreement on the free movement of persons between the EU and Switzerland. 22 European members of the G20 group, which represents the world’s largest economies, meet in Berlin. Leaders agree on the need for a common approach to combat the financial crisis and restore trust in the common market. 25 The de Larosière Group of experts presents a report, requested by the European Commission, recommending more financial supervision to avoid a repetition of the financial crisis. March 1 Heads of state and government meet informally to discuss the implementation of the "economic recovery plan". 6 Hillary Clinton, United States Secretary of State, becomes the highest-ranking US official to visit the European Parliament since Ronald Reagan in 1985. 19-20 European Council - leaders agree inter alia to use €5 billion in unspent EU funds to upgrade energy and internet connections whilst increasing EU aid to countries in difficulties. April 2 The G20 Summit in London agrees to channel €832 billion into the IMF and other institutions and to tighten the rules on financial markets. 5 EU-US summit in Prague where European Union leaders and U.S. president Barack Obama discuss the financial crisis and security issues. 30 EU health ministers meet in Luxembourg as “Novel” flu virus -influenza A(H1N1) reaches Europe. May 7 The EU holds a special employment summit in Prague aimed at tackling the impact of the economic crisis on European jobs. June 4-7 European elections take place across the EU and 736 MEPs are elected. Total turnout is 43.2%. 18-19 EU summit in Brussels prepares the way for a second referendum on the Lisbon Treaty in Ireland. July 1 Sweden takes over the rotating presidency of the Council of the European Union for the second time. Presidency priorities are economic recovery and climate change. 14 Polish MEP Jerzy Buzek is elected president of the European Parliament. 23 Iceland applies for EU membership. August A team of European Union observers monitors the presidential election process in Afghanistan. September 16 The European Parliament approves the nomination of José Manuel Barroso for a second five-year term as President of the European Commission. 17 Informal meeting of EU Heads of State takes place in Brussels to prepare for the next G20 Summit in Pittsburgh. 24-25 A G20 Summit is held in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (USA). The leaders of the world’s largest economies discuss climate change and sustainable economic recovery.ery. October Ireland votes “yes” to the Lisbon Treaty in a second referendum. 30 The European Council discusses financial aid to help developing countries fight global warming and prepares for the December international conference on climate change.nge. November 20th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall. 18 An EU-Russia Summit is held in Stockholm. Discussions take place on an early-warning agreement to help deal with potential energy supply disruptions, the response to the financial and economic crisis and climate change. 20 At a meeting of the European Council, Herman Van Rompuy is appointed first permanent President of the EU Council and British Trade Commissioner Catherine Ashton, High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy. December The Lisbon Treaty enters into force. 10-11 At a meeting of the European Council held in Brussels the 'Stockholm Programme' is adopted for the years 2010-2014 aimed at further developme


Which river forms much of the boundary between Norfolk and Suffolk?

Waterways of Suffolk Waterways of Suffolk Navigable Rivers and Canals within Suffolk The Little Ouse near Brandon Bridge. Ipswich & Stowmarket Navigation The whole navigation was within Suffolk. Waterway Description: This 16 mile navigation linked the two towns. There were 15 locks including the tidal lock at Ipswich. For more information see the River Gipping entry. For more details see the Waterway details page . Lakenheath Lode (Great Ouse) The whole waterway is within Suffolk. Waterway Description: For more details see the Waterway details page . Lark - Orwell Canal project A proposal for a canal that would have been entirely within Suffolk. Waterway Description: A proposal for a 31 mile canal from the River Lark at Bury to the Orwell estuary at Mistley. Never authorised or built. History: For more details see the Waterway details page . Little Ouse or Brandon River Waterway's place in Suffolk : Most of this river forms the boundary between Norfolk and Suffolk, except for about two miles, where it passes first through Suffolk and then through Norfolk before returning to its course on the county boundary, and the first 3� miles from the original head of the navigable river at Thetford Town Bridge, which is wholly within Norfolk. Waterway Description: A 22.5 mile tributary of the Great Ouse. Currently only navigable for 13 miles. History: For more details see the Waterway details page . Norfolk and Suffolk Broads These navigations are all within Norfolk and Suffolk. Waterway Description: Over 200 miles of broads and rivers under the supervision of The Broads Authority. History: For more details see the Waterway details page . Oulton Broad and Dyke The whole waterway is in Suffolk. Waterway Description: For more details see the Waterway details page . River Alde Waterway's place in Suffolk : Waterway Description: Twenty one miles of river in Suffolk. It is difficult and dangerous due to the shifting shingle bar across the entrance. It runs from Snape Bridge to Shingle Street (a village destroyed in the war). Whilst the entrance is shingle its banks are very muddy. For more details see the Waterway details page . River Blyth A river entirely within Suffolk. Waterway Description: A five and a half mile tidal navigation near Southwold, Suffolk. Runs from the River Mouth to Blythburgh. History: An Act of 1757 authorised the navigation but the locks were closed in 1934, by an order under the 1930 Land Drainage Act. For more details see the Waterway details page . River Deben The whole river is in Suffolk. Waterway Description: This tidal Suffolk river runs 11 miles near Woodbridge. History: For more details see the Waterway details page . River Gipping The whole river is within Suffolk. Waterway Description: Was an improved river navigation of 15 miles 7 furlongs, and 15 locks, between Ipswich and Stowmarket. History: Authorised by Acts of 1790 and 1793 and administered by the Ipswich & Stowmarket Navigation Co., completed in 1798, the company was wound up in 1929. For more details see the Waterway details page . River Lark (Great Ouse) Waterway's place in Suffolk : From the original head of navigation, at Northgate Dock in Bury St Edmunds, the river is wholly in Suffolk until its junction with Lee Brook. It then becomes the boundary between Suffolk and Cambidgeshire until about a mile before Prickwillow, where it crosses into Cambridgeshire. Waterway Description: A tributary of the Great Ouse, originally navigable for 24.5 miles from Bury St Edmunds but now only navigable from Judes Ferry, 10 miles. History: For more details see the Waterway details page . River Orwell A river entirely within Suffolk. Waterway Description: For more details see the Waterway details page . River Stour (Suffolk) Waterway's place in Suffolk : The river forms the boundary between Suffolk and Essex so practically the whole river is shared by both counties. Some changes to the course of the river over the years have caused the river to cross wholly in to one county or the other for short distances. Waterway Description: Runs 35.5 miles from Sudbu


Who was the semi-legendary Anglo-Saxon ruler of Kent of the 5th century, who along with his brother Horsa, was hired by the British warlord Vortigern to fight against the Picts?

THE AGE OF ARTHUR, PART TWO - Deadliest Blogger - Scout THE AGE OF ARTHUR, PART TWO Barry C. Jacobsen 08/20/2014 Unique among the territories of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century, Britain succeeded in holding back and even reversing the tide of Germanic conquest for nearly two centuries. This was an age of heroes... It was the Age of Arthur! This is the second part in a multi-part examination of Britain, in the 5th though the mid-6th Century A.D. It is a fascinating period, with the Classical Age of Greece and Rome giving way to the Germanic "Dark Ages". The heroes of this struggle, and the "barbarian" warlords who opposed them, are the subject of this discussion. If he indeed existed (and it is the opinion of this author that he did) Arthur was a warlord who successfully led the British resistance to the Saxon threat. He lived in the late 5th century, and ruled Britain into the early 6th century. Using historical analysis of the disparate chronicles, poems, legends, archeological evidence, and applying deductive logic backed by a lifetime of military study and practice I will attempt to develop a working theory of who Arthur was and the events of his life. This was in the sunset of Roman culture in Britain; itself once the jewel in the crown of the Roman Empire. Arthur was the champion who kept the flame of civilization alive as the rest of Western Europe sunk into the Dark Ages. But before we can discuss Arthur, it is important to understand the world in which he lived. ____________________________________________________________ VORTIGERN'S STRUGGLE FOR POWER From 429 to the 440s, nothing for certain is known about the events in Britain. It is tempting to say that Vortigern maintained a troubled hold on power, while concentrating his attention on settling the Votadini in north Wales as a buffer against the Irish/Scotti ( see Part One ); and further facilitated the foundation of his own kingdom in the west, Powys . We know that during this period, Viroconium (Wroxeter), the tribal captial of Vortigern's own Cornovii, was the fourth largest city in Britain. During this period it enjoyed something revival; with new build projects launched and older buildings restored. It was also refortified at this time. All of this is consistent with the possibility that Vortigern used Viroconium as his principal stronghold. But raids by the Picts and the Scotti continued unabated. In the 440s the British (likely the anti-Vortigern faction) sent a letter to Flavius Aetius , the Roman Magister Militum ("Master of Soldiers") in Gaul and Stilicho ’s successor as the most powerful man in the Western Roman Empire . Aetius was campaigning to restore some measure of Roman authority in Gaul throughout this decade. At least some Britons, it would appear, longed for the security the Empire once represented. The letter, called “ Groans of the Britons ”, told of their plight; beset by “barbarians” and begging for Roman help: "To Agitius (Aetius), thrice consul... the barbarians drive us to the sea, the sea drives us to the barbarians, between these two means of death we are either killed or drowned." This letter is often said to have been sent in response to the Saxon Terror; but the dates don’t match-up. The Saxons didn't arrive till 449 A.D. (according to all original source material); while the “Groan of the Britons” letter was dispatched earlier in this decade. Artist's depiction of Flavius Aetius, flanked by Hunnic bodyguards of his "Bucellarii". Aetius was the most powerful man in the Western Roman Empire at the time he received the "Groans of the Britons" letter. So unless we accept, as some scholars have suggested, that the traditional date for the arrival of the Saxons is incorrect and actually occurred earlier (some date this as early as the 420s), we must then ask: who were the barbarians who so plagued the Britons during Vortigern’s leadership? The obvious choice is the Picts. At this time, the Picts were united under a strong king, Drust son of Erp ; called in Irish annuls “Drust of the Hundred Battles”. Under his leader


Two-thirds of the population of which Caribbean island were forced to flee abroad after the eruption of the Soufriere Hills volcano in 1995?

Articles Montserrat is a British overseas territory located in the Leeward Islands section of the Caribbean’s Lesser Antilles. Montserrat measures approximately 10 miles long and seven miles wide, with 25 miles of coastline. Montserrat is nicknamed “the Emerald Isle of the Caribbean,” both for its resemblance to coastal Ireland and for the Irish descent of many of its inhabitants. Its former era capital city and major port of Plymouth was destroyed and two-thirds of the island's population were forced to flee abroad following an eruption of the previously dormant Soufriere Hills volcano that began on July 18, 1995. The volcano rendered the southern half of the island uninhabitable. The eruption continues today, though on a much reduced scale, with the damage confined to areas around Plymouth including its docking facilities and the former W.H. Bramble Airport, the remnants of which were buried by flows from volcanic activity on Feb. 11, 2010. An exclusion zone extending from the south coast of the island north to parts of the Belham Valley has been imposed because of the size of the existing volcanic dome and the resulting potential for pyroclastic activity. Presently, visitors are not permitted entry to Plymouth outside of organized tours. Travelers can obtain impressive views of the city’s destruction from the top of Garibaldi Hill in Isles Bay, and the Monserrat Volcano Observatory (MVO), on the island’s southwest side, features an observation deck. The MVO Visitors Center is open to the public Monday through Thursdays, and includes a documentary detailing the history and impact of the eruption, and shown at quarter past the hour every hour between 10:15 a.m. and 3:15 p.m. The Visitors Center also features informative poster displays, interactive kiosks, and a display of artifacts.   Huge boulders can sometimes be seen in the eruption zone, crashing down the slopes, enveloped in clouds of dust. Tours into the exclusion zone are available, depending on the volcano risk level; visitors pass through a landscape of abandoned homes and fields, pass within close proximity of the volcano, and look down into the old capital, now buried in ash and mud. Boat tours to view the destruction left behind in Plymouth are also available. The village of Brades currently serves as the temporary seat of government while construction continues on a new town at Little Bay in the north of the island, out of reach of further volcanic activity. Beyond the volcano, Montserrat is blessed with natural beauty, with lush tropical forests and leafy hiking trails of varying difficulty. Many hikes can be enjoyed independently; others require guides to clear a path   Montserrat also offers quiet beaches, and the island is surrounded by reefs, offering snorkeling and diving opportunities which can be enjoyed from shore or by boat. Diving is also available at nearby Redonda, a group of uninhabited islands 15 miles west of Montserrat. Here the waters are filled with exotic wildlife, including six-foot barrel sponges, eagle rays, stingrays, and an occasional nurse shark. Diving trips to Redonda and dive sites closer to Montserrat's shores are also available.


Which river forms much of the boundary between Devon and Cornwall?

The River Tamar Cornwall England with nice pictures The River Tamar, Cornwall a short guide with pictures. The River Tamar- one of the most beautiful rivers in Britain. The River Tamar forming the boundary between Cornwall and Devon in the far South West of England. Rising only 4 miles from Bude and the Atlantic Ocean, the River Tamar flows south, slowly at first, for nearly 50 miles to the English Channel. In its middle reaches the River Tamar winds its way through steep wooded country, ancient oak woodland, the haunt of raven and peregrine falcon. This is an area strewn with the relicts of two centuries of mining . Part of Cornwall's and West Devon 's World Heritage Site A few men became very rich, whilst thousands of miners toiled in often appalling conditions for a pittance, working themselves to an early grave. The Tamar Valley- an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty The Tamar Valley together with that of the River Lynher and River Tavy is an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, one of only 37 such Areas in England. Taking in not just mudflats, saltmarsh, but ancient oak woodland, farms and the granite landscape of Kit Hill . The River Tamer is crossed by several magnificent medieval stone arch bridges, such as Greystone Bridge, built in 1437, built from 40 day indulgences granted by the Church. Records of their financing survive to this day. A few miles downstream at Horsebridge, yet another fine masonry arch bridge, is the 15th century Royal Inn. Below Gunnislake (dating from 1504 and the first bridge in Cornwall to be built using large volumes of granite), the River Tamar becomes tidal, slow moving water mudflats inhabited by wading birds and with the haunting cry of the curlew echoing on an incoming tide. High above the River is Cotehele House. Saltmarsh.  Explore the now abandoned Copper Quay at Morwellham, once the busiest port in Devon and Cornwall. Hire a canoe to paddle with the tide down to Saltash, under Brunel's magnificent Railway Bridge, the Tamar Suspension Bridge, and past HM's Royal Naval Dockyard Plymouth, where the River Tamar's journey to the Sea is complete, and it empties into Plymouth Sound and the English Channel. The Tamar Suspension Bridge The Tamar Bridge was opened to traffic in 1961, replacing the centuries old ferry that used to cross the River just downstream of the Bridge. At the time the Tamar Bridge was the longest suspension bridge in the United Kingdom. The central span is 1100ft. The Bridge was constructed by the Cleveland Bridge and Engineering Company. Autumn Mist


In which Spanish city was Pablo Picasso born?

Pablo Picasso born - Oct 25, 1881 - HISTORY.com Pablo Picasso born Publisher A+E Networks Pablo Picasso, one of the greatest and most influential artists of the 20th century, is born in Malaga, Spain. Picasso’s father was a professor of drawing, and he bred his son for a career in academic art. Picasso had his first exhibit at age 13 and later quit art school so he could experiment full-time with modern art styles. He went to Paris for the first time in 1900, and in 1901 was given an exhibition at a gallery on Paris’ rue Lafitte, a street known for its prestigious art galleries. The precocious 19-year-old Spaniard was at the time a relative unknown outside Barcelona, but he had already produced hundreds of paintings. Winning favorable reviews, he stayed in Paris for the rest of the year and later returned to the city to settle permanently. The work of Picasso, which comprises more than 50,000 paintings, drawings, engravings, sculptures, and ceramics produced over 80 years, is described in a series of overlapping periods. His first notable period–the “blue period”—began shortly after his first Paris exhibit. In works such as The Old Guitarist (1903), Picasso painted in blue tones to evoke the melancholy world of the poor. The blue period was followed by the “rose period,” in which he often depicted circus scenes, and then by Picasso’s early work in sculpture. In 1907, Picasso painted the groundbreaking work Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, which, with its fragmented and distorted representation of the human form, broke from previous European art. Les Demoiselles d’Avignon demonstrated the influence on Picasso of both African mask art and Paul Cezanne and is seen as a forerunner of the Cubist movement, founded by Picasso and the French painter Georges Braque in 1909. In Cubism, which is divided into two phases, analytical and synthetic, Picasso and Braque established the modern principle that artwork need not represent reality to have artistic value. Major Cubist works by Picasso included his costumes and sets for Sergey Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes (1917) and The Three Musicians (1921). Picasso and Braque’s Cubist experiments also resulted in the invention of several new artistic techniques, including collage. After Cubism, Picasso explored classical and Mediterranean themes, and images of violence and anguish increasingly appeared in his work. In 1937, this trend culminated in the masterpiece Guernica, a monumental work that evoked the horror and suffering endured by the Basque town of Guernica when it was destroyed by German war planes during the Spanish Civil War. Picasso remained in Paris during the Nazi occupation but was fervently opposed to fascism and after the war joined the French Communist Party. Picasso’s work after World War II is less studied than his earlier creations, but he continued to work feverishly and enjoyed commercial and critical success. He produced fantastical works, experimented with ceramics, and painted variations on the works of other masters in the history of art. Known for his intense gaze and domineering personality, he had a series of intense and overlapping love affairs in his lifetime. He continued to produce art with undiminished force until his death in 1973 at the age of 91. Related Videos


Which Scottish football team plays its home games at Tynecastle?

Heart of Midlothian | The history of Tynecastle Stadium Store The history of Tynecastle Stadium 1874: The Heart of Midlothian Football Club first played in the East Meadows, but the club quickly required a private pitch and started to use the Edinburgh Association Ground at Powburn, off West Savile Road, and then Powderhall Grounds. 1881: Hearts leased a new facility in the industrial suburb of Dalry. However, the first Tynecastle was not the present ground, but a field on a site that is now Wardlaw Street and Wardlaw Place. 1886: The club secured the tenancy of part of a vast meadow that Edinburgh Corporation was letting for housing and industry. £200 was spent to lay out Tynecastle Park which remains one of the oldest grounds in Britain and one of its greatest sporting venues. 1886: The new ground had two pitches running in an East-West direction with the spectators gathering behind a stout rope. An open, wooden trestle stand, holding 250 fans, ran alongside the South field backing on to Gorgie Road. 1886: Some 5,500 supporters attended the opening match against Bolton Wanderers on Saturday 10 April. On that special day, Hearts defeated the English professionals 4-1 and Tommy Jenkinson scored the first goal on the ground after only five minutes. 1886: Heart of Midlothian received its first home defeat from England's finest team, Preston North End, who won 4-1 on Thursday 6 May. 1887: Another record was established on 17 September when Hearts defeated Vale of Midlothian 18-0 in the East of Scotland Shield. This is the club's biggest home victory. 1888: During the summer the club extended the stadium's capacity to 10,000 after the two pitches were reduced to one large enclosure running in the now familiar North-South direction and surrounded by a smart cinder running track. 1888: Two open wooden stands were erected next to each other on the McLeod Street Side of the ground separated by an entrance tunnel and holding around 1,500 spectators. A new pavilion with modern comforts was built next to the South Stand. 1888: Entrance to all parts of the new park was through a lane opposite Newton Street where five pay boxes stood. 1889: The Scottish League started and Hearts first home game in the Championship came on Saturday 23 August against Celtic. Hearts lost 5-0 and Madden of Celtic recorded the first ever League goal at Tynecastle Park before 5,000 fans. 1890:  Hearts won the Scottish Cup and from the proceeds of this success, the club erected a handsome new clubhouse incorporating committee rooms, a gymnasium and stripping facilities for the players. 1891: Hearts constructed Tynecastle's first press box, situated over the entrance tunnel between the two open stands. 1892: The first Full International fixture to be allocated to the ground was against Wales on 16 March. Scotland won 6-1 but only 1,200 fans watched the contest because a snow storm had crossed the city and thousands assumed that the game would be postponed. 1892: During the summer, the club provided the first covered accommodation for the public when the South Stand was roofed. It was known as the "Covered Stand" until 1901 and supporters could now enter the park from McLeod Street. 1894: When Hearts won the Championship in 1894-95, the club had 1,000 members. The "Evening News" installed the first telephone on the ground and the public was also delighted to see that refreshment stalls had been erected. 1895: The first ever League match against Hibernian took place on 28 September. The record crowd of 17,500 created an electric atmosphere especially in the dying minutes when Davie Baird scored with a superb shot to give Hearts a 4-3 victory. 1896: Hearts won the Scottish Cup for a second time and resources were available to construct a running track that was banked in order to provide a cycle raceway. The cinder banking on which most of the spectators stood was also built up. 1897: Hearts won the League again in 1896-97 and the stadium banking was repeatedly expanded. The first wooden crush barriers were planted in the cinder slopes and the ground was brighte


Porcupine - ZooBorns Porcupine The El Paso Zoo welcomed a new baby into their South American Pavilion exhibit. A Prehensile-tailed Porcupine was born on September 16 to mom, Flower, and dad, Vito. This is first offspring for the parents and the first baby Prehensile-tailed Porcupine born at the Zoo. El Paso Zoo keepers are waiting to name the baby porcupine (or porcupette) as soon as the sex is determined in a few weeks. “Animal care staff were excited getting ready for the first Prehensile-tailed Porcupine birth at the Zoo since they confirmed the pregnancy,” said Collections Supervisor, Tammy Sundquist. “It’s always a joy getting to watch a baby grow and the animal care staff is monitoring Flower and baby closely.” Flower and her baby are bonding behind the scenes and will be on exhibit next month. Photo Credits: El Paso Zoo The Prehensile-tailed Porcupines (Coendou prehensilis) are native to Central and South America. They are closely related to the other Neotropical tree porcupines (genera Echinoprocta and Sphiggurus). Among their most notable features is the prehensile tail. The front and hind feet are also modified for grasping. These limbs all contribute to making this species an adept climber, an adaptation to living most of their lives in trees. Prehensile-tailed Porcupines fee on leaves, shoots, fruits, bark, roots, and buds. Because of their dietary preferences, they can be pests of plantation crops. They make a distinctive "baby-like" sound to communicate in the wild. Very little is known about how these porcupines court each other, and they also have no regular breeding season. A female usually gives birth to a single offspring. The baby is hairy, reddish-orange, and weighs about 14 ounces at birth. They are born with eyes open and can climb almost immediately. The spines will harden within about one week of birth, and in time, the baby porcupine will change color. Females nurse their young until about 3 months of age. The young will reach adult size in less than a year and will reach sexual maturity in less than two years. Adults are slow moving and will roll into a ball when threatened on the ground. The record longevity is 27 years old. This birth is part of a breeding recommendation from the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) Species Survival Plan® (SSP) to aid in the species’ conservation. Prehensile Tailed Porcupines are not listed as threatened or endangered, but they are pressured by habitat loss and killed in parts of their range by hunters. June 14, 2016 A North American Porcupine was born April 24 at WCS’s ( Wildlife Conservation Society ) Bronx Zoo and is now on exhibit with his family in the newly renovated Children’s Zoo. The male porcupette was born to mother, Alice, and father, Patrick, and this is the pair’s fourth offspring. Photo Credits: Julie Larsen Maher/WCS’s Bronx Zoo The North American Porcupine (Erethizon dorsatum), also known as the Canadian Porcupine or Common Porcupine, is a large rodent in the New World Porcupine family. The beaver is the only rodent in North America that is larger than the North American Porcupine. The Porcupine’s most recognizable physical characteristic is its spiky quills. They can have as many as 30,000 quills covering their bodies and use them as a defense against predators. Despite popular belief, Porcupines cannot shoot their quills. The quills of the North American Porcupine have a tiny barb on the tip that, when hooked in flesh, pull the quill from the Porcupine’s skin and painfully imbed it in a predator’s face, paws or body. Gestation lasts for 202 days. Porcupines give birth to a single young. At birth, they weigh about 450 g, which increases to nearly 1 kg after the first two weeks. They do not gain full adult weight until about two years old. At birth, the quills are very soft. They begin to harden a few hours after birth and continue to harden and grow as the baby matures. Female Porcupines provide all the maternal care. For the first two weeks, the young rely on their mother for sustenance. After this, they learn to climb trees and start to


Nadia Comaneci made her name in which sport?

50 stunning Olympic moments No5: Nadia Comaneci scores a perfect 10 | Simon Burnton | Sport | The Guardian 50 stunning Olympic moments 50 stunning Olympic moments No5: Nadia Comaneci scores a perfect 10 The 14-year-old Romanian became a global star at Montreal in 1976, achieving perfection and crowning a golden era for gymnastics. Click here for a gallery of Comaneci’s performance Wednesday 14 December 2011 04.23 EST First published on Wednesday 14 December 2011 04.23 EST Share on Messenger Close The Swiss company Omega has had responsibility for the timing and scoring of Olympic events since 1932. Before the 1976 Games they contacted the International Olympic Committee with a question about the scoreboards they were constructing for the gymnastics. Would it be better, they asked, to replace the traditional boards, which had room for three digits such as, say, 9.50, or 9.85, with one that could display four digits, such as 10.00? Ten to watch: meet Team GB's sporting superheroes Read more “I was told, ‘a 10.00 is not possible,’” recalls Daniel Baumat, now the director of Swiss Timing, which like Omega is part of the Swatch Group. “So we only did three digits.” On Sunday 18 July, the second day of the Montreal Games, a 14-year-old gymnast called Nadia Comaneci made her first appearance. Her routine on the uneven bars that day was flawless, and the judges agreed. One of them approached Baumat, who was working in the arena. “She asked what to do. I said that they could either put up 1.00 or .100 but that there was no possibility for a 10.00. Just as the federation had told me.” Comaneci received a perfect 1.00. It is easy to see why the IOC considered 10.00, a score never previously achieved in Olympic competition, to be unachievable. By the time she left Montreal the tiny Romanian had done it seven times. In 1972 the performances of the young Russian Olga Korbut had thrust gymnastics out of the Olympic shadows; in 1976 Comaneci stepped into that spotlight and created a legend. Korbut must take some of the credit not just for the attention Comaneci received, but for the quality of her performances. Korbut and her Belorussian coach, Renald Knysh, had struck up a fearsome rivalry not just with Comaneci and her coach, Bela Karolyi, but also with the Russian Ludmila Tourischeva and her coach, Vladislav Rastorotsky. The result was a period of huge technical improvement and innovation, which reached its pinnacle in Comaneci’s performances in Canada. Four times she produced perfect routines in the asymmetic or uneven bars, and three times on the beam. She won three gold medals, for the bars, the beam and the all-around competition, as well as a team silver and a bronze for her floor exercise. The only possible criticism was that she didn’t seem to enjoy it very much. “She seemed,” the Guardian wrote a few years later, “almost inhuman in her exactness.” There were many possible reasons for that. Comaneci had been born in 1961 in Onesti, a town in the Carpathian mountains, to a car mechanic called Gheorghe and his factory-worker wife, Stefania-Alexandrina. Her talent was spotted at the age of six, when she joined the boarding school for young gymnasts run by Karolyi and his wife, Marta. Karolyi was a former junior boxing champion, and a member of the national hammer-throwing team. He was to become one of gymnastics’ most successful coaches, both in Romania and again following his defection to the US in 1981, where he coached the 1984 Olympic champion Mary Lou Retton (whose perfect 10 on the vault remains one of America’s golden Olympic memories), the 1991 world champion Kim Zmeskal and the victorious 1996 Olympic team. But some of the methods apparently used by the Karolyis have caused controversy. In 2008 Emelia Eberle, who joined the school in 1976 aged 12 and now lives in the United States under the name Trudi Kollar, said: “It was brutal. Nobody’s perfect, so obviously we did mistakes. And we, you know, just got smacked everywhere from Bela – on all our body parts. He has huge hands and it hurts.” In 2002 another Romanian gymnas


In which country are the headquarters of the clothing company 'H & M'?

H&M on the Forbes Global 2000 List #86 Innovative Companies (2015) Hennes & Mauritz AB engages in the sale of clothing, accessories, footwear, cosmetics, and home textiles. Its products include accessories, underwear, cosmetics, sportswear, and other apparels for men, women, and kids. It offers its brand through COS, Weekday, Cheap Monday, Monki, and H&M Home. The company was founded by Erling Persson in 1947 and is headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden.


Which 'Dr. Who' actor came between Patrick Troughton and Tom Baker?

A guide to the first eleven Doctors, from William Hartnell, Patrick Troughton, Jon Pertwee, Tom Baker, Peter Davison, Colin Baker, Sylvester McCoy, Paul McGann, Christopher Eccleston, David Tennant and Matt Smith Years 1963—66 Episodes 134 (also in The Three Doctors, 1972—73) Who was he? Born in St Pancras, London, 1908, Hartnell was brought up by his mother alone before steadily making his name as a second-division character actor, with key roles in classic British movies such as Brighton Rock (1947) and This Sporting Life (1963), and ITV sitcom The Army Game. Doctor profile Grandfatherly, often grouchy but soft-centred, he had a thirst for exploration. The early, educational thrust of the show meant that outer-space trips alternated with adventures in Earth’s past. Key companion Susan (Carole Ann Ford). The Doctor’s granddaughter was the central mystery of episode one and remains the only member of his family seen in 50 years. Ultimate foe The Daleks PATRICK TROUGHTON Years 1966—69 Episodes 119 (also in The Three Doctors 1972—73, The Five Doctors 1983 and The Two Doctors 1985) Who was he? Born in Mill Hill, London, 1920, Patrick Troughton was a popular actor in the early days of BBC television, playing one of the first Robin Hoods (in 1953). TV was his favourite medium; he couldn’t abide theatre work, saying, “I can’t stand all that shouting in the evening.” He enjoyed a colourful private life, balancing two families, before embarking on a third relationship. Doctor profile A scruffy bumbler, given to playing the recorder, he could switch between comedy and gravity in a heartbeat. His era ditched romps in history in favour of “base under siege” thrillers, fending off Yeti, Ice Warriors — even ferocious seaweed. Key companion Jamie (Frazer Hines) was a refugee from the Battle of Culloden. The kilt-wearing Highlander became the Doctor’s right-hand man, with Hines and Troughton gradually developing a double act. Ultimate foe The Cybermen usurped the Daleks as the key menace in the late 60s. JON PERTWEE Years 1970—1974 Episodes 128 (also in The Five Doctors 1983) Who was he? Born in Chelsea, 1919. Pertwee’s naval background and vocal range primed him for a long stint in radio comedy The Navy Lark. Post-Doctor Who, he had a hit with Worzel Gummidge. Doctor profile A dandified adventurer with a penchant for cloaks and ruffled shirts, this incarnation oozed gravitas and charisma. The Time Lords exiled him to Earth, where he became scientific adviser to Unit (United Nations Intelligence Taskforce). Key companion Jo Grant (Katy Manning), an intrepid but bungling youth assigned as the Doctor’s assistant at Unit. She became his first long-running female companion. Ultimate alien The Master arrived in 1971, played by Roger Delgado, who told RT that the sinister Time Lord would be “more than a Moriarty” to Pertwee’s Holmesian Doctor. TOM BAKER  Years 1974—81 Episodes 172 (also briefly in The Five Doctors, 1983) Who is he? Born 1934. Belying his rich, actorly timbre, Tom Baker had a working-class upbringing in Liverpool. After six years as a monk, he joined the National Theatre in the 60s. He was often out of work before Doctor Who came along. Doctor profile With a look inspired by a portrait by Toulouse-Lautrec, this Doctor was a bohemian alien, who liked to thwart his enemies with wit and jelly babies. Key companion Sarah Jane Smith (Elisabeth Sladen). After a year with Pertwee, the roving journalist blossomed with Baker’s Doctor: “She’s my best friend.” Ultimate foe Davros, the Hitler-like creator of the Daleks, played electrifyingly in 1975 by Michael Wisher. A rematch in 1979 (with actor David Gooderson) was less successful. PETER DAVISON Years 1982—1984 Episodes 69 Who is he? Born in south London, 1951, Peter Moffett changed his surname to Davison when he began his acting career. He was well known to BBC1 viewers as Tristan Farnon in All Creatures Great and Small, when he was cast as the Time Lord. Always in steady work, he recently starred in ITV’s Law & Order: UK. Doctor profile The first youthful Doctor had a love of cricke


Which Frenchman composed the 'Symphonie Fantastique'?

Program Notes for Symphonie fantastique Program Notes for Symphonie fantastique Sept 25 - 27 Overture to Fidelio, Op. 72     Concerto No. 2 for Piano and Orchestra        Allegro        Dream of the Witches’ Sabbath     Overture to Fidelio, Op. 72 Timing: approx. 6 min. Instrumentation: 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 horns, 2 trumpets, 2 trombones, timpani, strings CSO SUBSCRIPTION PERFORMANCES Premiere: December 1920, Eugene Ysaÿe conducting Most Recent: September 2007, Paavo Järvi conducting Beethoven was born on December 16, 1770 in Bonn and died on March 26, 1827 in Vienna. The Fidelio Overture, the last of the four he composed for the opera, was written in 1814 as part of the work’s final version, which began its run at Vienna’s Kärntnertor Theater on May 23; the Overture was not finished for the first performance, however, and was premiered two days later, under the composer’s direction. The decade (1804–1814) that Beethoven devoted to his only opera, Fidelio, was an unprecedented amount of time to spend perfecting such a work during the early 19th century. Given the same time span, Rossini dispensed 31 (!) operas between 1810 and 1820, and Donizetti cranked out 35 (!!) specimens of the genre from 1827 to 1837. Even Mozart launched seven operas during his decade in Vienna. For Beethoven, however, Fidelio was more than just a mere theatrical diversion—it was his philosophy set to music. This story of the triumph of justice over tyranny and love over inhumanity was a document of his faith. To present such grandiose beliefs in a work that would not fully serve them was unthinkable, and so Beethoven hammered and rewrote and changed until he was satisfied. In his book The Interior Beethoven, Irving Kolodin noted: As tended to be the life-long case with Beethoven, the overriding consideration remained: achievement of the objective. How long it might take or how much effort might be required was not merely incidental—such consideration was all but nonexistent. The most visible remnants of Beethoven’s extensive revisions are the quartet of overtures he composed for Fidelio, the only instance in the history of music in which a composer generated so many curtain-raisers for a single opera. The first version of the opera, written between January 1804 and early autumn 1805, was initially titled Leonore after the heroine, who courageously rescues her husband from his wrongful incarceration. For this production, Beethoven wrote the Overture in C Major now known as the Leonore No. 1, using themes from the opera. The composer’s friend and early biographer Anton Schindler recorded that Beethoven rejected this first attempt after hearing it privately performed at Prince Lichnowsky’s palace before the premiere. (Another theory, supported by recent detailed examination of the paper on which the sketches for the piece were made, holds that this work was written in 1806–07 for a projected performance of the opera in Prague that never took place, thus making Leonore No. 1 the third of the Fidelio overtures.) He composed a second C major overture, Leonore No. 2, and this piece was used at the first performance, on November 20, 1805. (The management of Vienna’s Theatre an der Wien, site of the premiere, insisted on changing the opera’s name from Leonore to Fidelio to avoid confusion with Ferdinand Paër’s Leonore.) The opera foundered. Not only was the audience unsympathetic—it was largely populated by French officers of Napoleon’s army, which had invaded Vienna exactly one week earlier—but there were also problems in Fidelio’s dramatic structure. Beethoven was encouraged by his aristocratic supporters to rework the opera and present it again. This second version, for which the magnificent Leonore Overture No. 3 was written, was presented in Vienna on March 29, 1806, but met with only slightly more acclaim than its forerunner. In 1814, some members of the Court Theater approached Beethoven, by then Europe’s most famous composer, about reviving Fidelio. The idealistic subject of the opera had never been far from his thoughts,


What was the middle name of the decorative artist Louis Tiffany?

A New Museum Debuts with a Collection of Louis Comfort Tiffany's Works | BLOUIN ARTINFO A New Museum Debuts with a Collection of Louis Comfort Tiffany's Works BY Chloe Wyma | September 12, 2013 Group of Louis Comfort Tiffany lamps (bird's eye-detail). (Photo by John Faier © The Richard H. Driehaus Museum) On September 28, Chicago’s Driehaus Museum will ring in its inaugural exhibition with a show of art nouveau treasures by American decorative artist Louis Comfort Tiffany . " Louis Comfort Tiffany : Treasures from the Driehaus Collection" contains 60 examples of his famous favrile stained-glass windows, iridescent vases, and — of course — lamps ensconced in the exquisitely restored Samuel M. Nickerson House, a historic Gilded Age mansion in Near North Side. Built in 1879 for Chicago banker Samuel M. Nickerson, the Italianate manor was restored and converted into museum in 2008 by businessman, art collector, and philanthropist Richard Driehaus. Since acquiring his first Tiffany piece — a stained-glass window — in 1978, Driehaus has collected over 1,500 Tiffany works. For the exhibition, curator David A. Hanks distilled this encyclopedic collection down to the crème de la crème. Highlights include an elegant, curvilinear flowerform vase, an opalescent dragonfly lamp, and a vase painted with water lilies, all dating from the first decade of the twentieth century. Tiffany’s variegated glass creations might seem quaint today, but his work was in step with the incipient Modernism at the turn of the century. The son of renowned jeweler Charles Lewis Tiffany,  Tiffany the younger defected from the family business to pursue painting. He railed against the conservatism of the National Academy of Design — co-founding the American Art Association (later renamed the Society of American Artists), an avant-garde organization that advocated for the adoption of European-style modernism. He turned his attention to decorative arts in the late 1870’s, working in all manner of media including mosaics, lighting, pottery, enamels, jewelry, and interiors. With his eclectic brew of influences including Byzantine mosaics, medieval stained glass, Japanese wallpaper, and post-Impressionist abstraction, Tiffany was America’s answer to French art nouveau and to England’s Arts and Crafts Movement. With the emergence of the angular avant-gardism of Cubism and geometric abstraction, Tiffany’s vegetal, voluptuous decorative idiom became an artifact of an effete Victorian past. Tiffany Studios filed for bankruptcy in 1932, a year before his death. Promiscuous reproduction and imitation exiled Tiffany’s work to the provinces of doily-clad tabletop kitsch. Viewed in the context the Driehaus Museum’s art nouveau interiors, Tiffany may once again regain his relevancy.


Which king excluded his wife, Caroline of Brunswick, from his Coronation?

Queen Caroline of Brunswick, wife of George IV By  Ben Johnson   |   Comments Why the Prince of Wales , the son of King George III agreed to marry the fat, ugly and tactless Caroline of Brunswick is something of a mystery, except that he needed the money! The Prince of Wales, know as Prinny, was a well known womaniser and at the age of 17 he had an affair with an actress Mary Robinson. When he was 23 he fell in love with a beautiful Catholic, Mrs Fitzherbert. He was so besotted with her that he persuaded her to go through with a secret marriage. The marriage was conducted in secrecy in her house where a Church of England clergyman performed the ceremony for a fee of £500. They were very happy together for eight years but by then Prinny was in debt to the tune of £630,000, a tremendous sum in those days. The only way that he could pay off his debts was to marry and furnish the country with an heir, then Parliament would pay his debts. In 1795 Prinny was introduced to his potential bride, Caroline of Brunswick. Caroline was short, fat, ugly and never changed her undergarments, and rarely washed. Her body odour was overwhelming. After embracing her, Prinny retired to the far end of the room and said to the Earl of Malmesbury: "Harris, I am not very well, pray get me a glass of brandy". He continued to drink brandy for three days until the morning of the wedding. He was so drunk on their wedding night that he collapsed into the bedroom grate and remained there until dawn. Nevertheless, their only child Princess Charlotte was conceived, so he obviously managed to do what was required of him by his country. Prinny found Caroline so disgusting that he refused to live with her and a year after their wedding he sent her a note tactfully informing her that she could do as she liked, as he would not be having 'relations' with her again. Caroline took this to mean that she could do as she wished. Rejected by her husband she went to live at Blackheath, London where her behaviour became more than a little extreme. In her room she had a clockwork Chinese figure that performed gross sexual movements when wound-up. She also was given to dancing around in front of her guests in a manner that was most indelicate, exposing most of her body. In 1806 rumours began to circulate that a four year-old child in her entourage, William Austin, was her son. His father was said to be a footman. A Royal Commission was set up called the 'Delicate Investigation', but nothing could be proved against her. In 1814 Caroline left England and proceeded to shock the people of Europe. She danced at a ball in Geneva naked to the waist, and in Naples she became the mistress of King Joachim, Napoleon's brother-in-law. In January 1820 King George III died and Prinny became King George IV and so Caroline became Queen. The government in England offered Caroline £50,000 if she would stay out of the country, but she refused and came back, where she settled in Hammersmith to the intense embarrassment of all concerned. On the 17th August the House of Lords took the offensive by demanding that Caroline appear before them. The aim of the House of Lords was to dissolve the marriage on the grounds that Caroline had been involved with a man called Bartolomeo Bergami, ('a foreigner of low station') in a most degrading intimacy. Caroline was very popular with the London 'mob' whilst King George was not. They surrounded the House of Lords every day; her coach was escorted by the cheering mob whenever she had to appear there. The evidence against her was plentiful. It seems that during a cruise she slept on deck in a tent with Bergami and took her baths with him in full view of the other servants. In Italy her mode of dress was bizarre to say the least; she was in the habit of wearing dresses open to the waist. (detail from) The Trial of Queen Caroline 1820 by Sir George Hayter After 52 days the divorce clause was carried but after the brilliant oratory of Lord Brougham in her defence, the Lords decided to drop it. George IV's Coronation was to be the 29th April 1821. Caroline ask


Which country is served by Keflavik International Airport?

Keflavík International Airport (KEF) | Unserved Routes in the Route Shop For a enlarged view of Keflavík International Airport’s domestic route map, please click here . Other major reasons to serve this airport The airport features comfortable modern passenger and commercial facilities with extensive capacity on the North Atlantic and polar routes linking Europe and Asia with North America. It serves the capital city of Iceland, Reykjavik, and is an international hub of major importance for scheduled operations and technical stops. In 2012, 647,000 tourists visited Iceland via Keflavik International Airport. In addition to that we have passengers arriving with the ferry Norraena as well as cruise ships that visit Iceland. Europe's adventure playground: scarcely populated, Iceland is filled with boiling mud pools, spurting geysers, glaciers and waterfalls, making it a popular weekend break destination – Norwegian became the latest major LCC to arrive launching flights from Oslo in June 2012. Marketing and other support Marketing support for year on year route traffic growth Extensive Marketing Communication Support Press release to the airport’s press contacts Press conference at the airport Internet support (news, direct internet links between airports and airlines) Coverage in the airport magazine Assistance with getting coverage in local magazines and newspapers Special activities at the gate in connection with the first flight Population of over 320,000. 670,000 tourists in 2012 – 19% increase. Catchment Area Keflavík International Airport is located about 50 km (45 minutes) from the capital Reykjavík with population of about 120,000. Half of the island’s total population, numbering more than 300,000, live in Reykjavík and neighbouring towns in the southwest. The highland interior is uninhabited (and uninhabitable), and most centres of population are situated on the coast. Every part of the country has its own unique characteristics that visitors like to experience. The nature, people of Iceland, the amazingly fresh air, the renewable energy and the Icelandic food. Whether it is the north, east, west or the south. Air cargo has always been a big factor in Icelandic aviation history both by commercial flights and cargo flights. The increase between 2011 and 2012 was 6,1%. Under-served freight opportunities and other economic impact factors Please contact the team for more information. Full flexibility: Europe's Best Regional Airport – according to ACI Airport Service Quality survey – Keflavík Airport offers two runways and a 24/7 operation, paired with comfortable terminal facilities. Geography In September 2012 Keflavík was the “Best Airport in Europe” according to the ACI Airport Service Quality Awards based on more than 36 service factors. Iceland is an island of 103,000 km2 (39,756 sq miles), with an average height of 500m above sea level. Its highest peak, Hvannadalshnjúkur, rises to 2,119 m and over 11% of the country is covered by glaciers, including Vatnajökull, the largest in Europe. Infrastructure & Operations:


In Rudyard Kipling's story, what was 'Rikki Tikki Tavi'?

Rikki-tikki-tavi Rikki-tikki-tavi from The Jungle Books, Volume two by Rudyard Kipling At the hole where he went in Red-Eye called to Wrinkle-Skin. Hear what little Red-Eye saith: ``Nag, come up and dance with death!'' Eye to eye and head to head, (Keep the measure, Nag.) This shall end when one is dead; (At thy pleasure, Nag.) Turn for turn and twist for twist- (Run and hide thee, Nag.) Hah! The hooded Death has missed! (Woe betide thee, Nag!) This is the story of the great war that Rikki-tikki-tavi fought single-handed, through the bath-rooms of the big bungalow in Segowlee cantonment. Darzee, the tailor-bird, helped him, and Chuchundra, the musk-rat, who never comes out into the middle of the floor, but always creeps round by the wall, gave him advice; but Rikki-tikki did the real fighting. He was a mongoose, rather like a little cat in his fur and his tail, but quite like a weasel in his head and his habits. His eyes and the end of his restless nose were pink; he could scratch himself anywhere he pleased, with any leg, front or back, that he chose to use; he could fluff up his tail till it looked like a bottle-brush, and his war-cry, as he scuttled through the long grass, was: ``Rikk-tikk-tikki-tikki-tchk!'' One day, a high summer flood washed him out of the burrow where he lived with his father and mother, and carried him, kicking and clucking, down a roadside ditch. He found a little wisp of grass floating there, and clung to it till he lost his senses. When he revived, he was lying in the hot sun on the middle of a garden path, very draggled indeed, and a small boy was saying: ``Here's a dead mongoose. Let's have a funeral.'' ``No,'' said his mother; ``let's take him in and dry him. Perhaps he isn't really dead.'' They took him into the house, and a big man picked him up between his finger and thumb, and said he was not dead but half choked; so they wrapped him in cotton-wool, and warmed him, and he opened his eyes and sneezed. ``Now,'' said the big man (he was an Englishman who had just moved into the bungalow); ``don't frighten him, and we'll see what he'll do.'' It is the hardest thing in the world to frighten a mongoose, because he is eaten up from nose to tail with curiosity. The motto of all the mongoose family is ``Run and find out''; and Rikki-tikki was a true mongoose. He looked at the cotton-wool, decided that it was not good to eat, ran all around the table, sat up and put his fur in order, scratched himself, and jumped on the small boy's shoulder. ``Don't be frightened, Teddy,'' said his father. ``That's his way of making friends.'' ``Ouch! He's tickling under my chin,'' said Teddy. Rikki-tikki looked down between the boy's collar and neck, snuffed at his ear, and climbed down to the floor, where he sat rubbing his nose. ``Good gracious,'' said Teddy's mother, ``and that's a wild creature! I suppose he's so tame because we've been kind to him.'' ``All mongooses are like that,'' said her husband. ``If Teddy doesn't pick him up by the tail, or try to put him in a cage, he'll run in and out of the house all day long. Let's give him something to eat.'' They gave him a little piece of raw meat. Rikki-tikki liked it immensely, and when it was finished he went out into the verandah and sat in the sunshine and fluffed up his fur to make it dry to the roots. Then he felt better. ``There are more things to find out about in this house,'' he said to himself, ``than all my family could find out in all their lives. I shall certainly stay and find out.'' He spent all that day roaming over the house. He nearly drowned himself in the bath-tubs, put his nose into the ink on a writing table, and burnt it on the end of the big man's cigar, for he climbed up in the big man's lap to see how writing was done. At nightfall he ran into Teddy's nursery to watch how kerosene-lamps were lighted, and when Teddy went to bed Rikki-tikki climbed up too; but he was a restless companion, because he had to get up and attend to every noise all through the night, and find out what made it. Teddy's mother and father ca