The islands of La Gomera and Tabarca belong to which European country?

8 Things You Might Not Have Known About the Canary Islands 8 Things You Might Not Have Known About the Canary Islands Posted: July 16, 2011    Categories: 8 Things , Spain 1.7k Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Google Pinterest Stumbleupon After driving around the Pyreneese Mountains for a week I’ve changed scenery and have gone to the Canary Islands. I’ve been on the island of Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, La Graciosa and Tenerife and will be on La Gomera and La Palma next week. So far it has been great with amazing weather. I realize that many people have no clue where they Canary Islands are or much about them, so I figured it was time for another installment of “8 Things You Might Not Have Known…” 1) They were not named after canary birds. Despite the name, the islands were not named after canaries, the cute, chirping birds. It comes from the latin word for dog, “canaria”. One story is that when some of the first Europeans arrived, they found large dogs on the island of Grand Canary. In fact, they might not even even named after dogs at all, but rather after seals which used to inhabit the island, which the Romans called “sea dogs”. 2) It has the highest point in Spain. Despite having the Pyreneese mountains in its country, the highest point in Spain is actually on the island of Tenerife. El Teide is 3,718m (12,198ft) high. There are other tall peaks in the Canaries as well including Roque de los Muchachos on the island of La Palma 2,400 m (7,874 ft). This mountain is of note because it is home to one of the largest collection of astronomical telescopes in the world, including the world’s largest telescope, the 10.4m Gran Telescopio Canarias . It’s high volcanic mountains which sit above the clouds makes it similar to the observing conditions you can find in Mona Kea in Hawaii. 3) The Spanish Civil War started here. At the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1936, Francisco Franco was the General Commandant of the Canaries, headquartered in Las Palmas, on Grand Canary island. He and his minions plotted their strategy here in the Canaries, out of sight and mind of the rest of Spain, before moving to the continent. Cooking over a volcano 4) You can cook food over a volcano. As I mentioned above, the Canary Islands are volcanic in origin. While there are no volcanoes currently erupting on the island, there was a great deal of activity on the island of Lanzarote between 1730 and 1736 when over 100 volcanoes appeared on the landscape. The last eruption was in 1824, but there is still a significant amount of heat just below the surface. If you enter Timanfaya National Park, you can visit El Diablo Restaurante where they have several demonstrations which show the heat just below the surface. In one demonstration they toss straw into a hole which bursts into flame due to the heat. In another they pour water down a whole which instantly turns into a tower of steam. At the restaurant, there is a 9m hole was which was dug to access the heat, the top of which is used as a grill. The temperature of the grill reaches 400C and uses no energy. 5) The islands were colonized concurrently with the Americas. While the Canary Islands were known to the ancient Romans and Greeks, they never really grabbed the attention of Europeans until they began to sail across the Atlantic to the Americas. Columbus used the island of La Gomera as a staging point for his first trip to the Americas. Most of the older buildings you can find in the islands, especially in the city of La Laguna are very colonial in style. Unlike the Americas, however, the Canary Islands were not a colony but an actual part of Spain which they remain to this day. 6) The city of San Antonio, Texas was founded by people from the Canary Islands If you remember the Alamo, then you should also take a second to remember the Canary Islands. The city was original founded by settlers from the Canaries and their descendants died fighting alongside Jim Bowie and Davy Crocket. The founder of the city of São Paulo, Brazil is also from the island of Tenerife. 7) It his home to a whistling lan


Which American dancer died in 1927 when the scarf she was wearing caught in the wheel of her car breaking her neck?

Dancer Isadora Duncan is killed in car accident - Sep 14, 1927 - HISTORY.com Dancer Isadora Duncan is killed in car accident Share this: Dancer Isadora Duncan is killed in car accident Author Dancer Isadora Duncan is killed in car accident URL Publisher A+E Networks On September 14, 1927, dancer Isadora Duncan is strangled in Nice, France, when the enormous silk scarf she is wearing gets tangled in the rear hubcaps of her open car. (“Affectations,” said Gertrude Stein when she heard the news of Duncan’s death, “can be dangerous.”) Isadora Duncan was born in 1877 in San Francisco and moved to Europe to become a dancer when she was in her early 20s. She had always loved to dance–in her teens, she worked as a dance teacher at her mother’s music school–but Duncan was not a classically trained ballerina. On the contrary, she was a free-spirited bohemian whose dances were improvisational and emotional; they were choreographed, she said, “to rediscover the beautiful, rhythmical motions of the human body.” In contrast to the short tutus and stiff shoes that ballet dancers wore, Duncan typically danced barefoot, wrapped in flowing togas and scarves. Female audiences, in particular, adored her: In an era when classical ballet was falling out of favor with many sophisticated people (and when the scantily-clad dancers themselves were, more often than not, “sponsored” by wealthy male patrons), Duncan’s performances celebrated independence and self-expression. Duncan lived a self-consciously bohemian, eccentric life offstage as well: She was a feminist and a Darwinist, an advocate of free love and a Communist. (For this, her American citizenship was revoked in the early 1920s.) Meanwhile, her life was a tragic one, especially when it came to automobiles: In 1913, her two small children drowned when the car they were riding in plunged over a bridge and into the Seine in Paris, and Duncan herself was seriously injured in car accidents in 1913 and 1924. On the day she died, Duncan was a passenger in a brand-new convertible sportscar that she was learning to drive. As she leaned back in her seat to enjoy the sea breeze, her enormous red scarf (“which she had worn since she took up communism,” one newspaper reported) somehow blew into the well of the rear wheel on the passenger side. It wound around the axle, tightening around Duncan’s neck and dragging her from the car and onto the cobblestone street. She died instantly. Related Videos


How many letters are in the Welsh alphabet?

GO BRITANNIA! Wales: The Welsh Language Scotland Welsh Language Guide The language of Wales, more properly called Cymraeg in preference to Welsh (A Germanic word denoting "foreigner"), belongs to a branch of Celtic, an Indo-European language. The Welsh themselves are descendants of the Galatians, to whom Paul wrote his famous letter. Their language is a distant cousin to Irish and Scots Gaelic and a close brother to Breton. Welsh is still used by about half a million people within Wales and possibly another few hundred thousand in England and other areas overseas. In most heavily populated areas of Wales, such as the Southeast (containing the large urban centers of Cardiff, Newport and Swansea), the normal language of everyday life is English, but there are other areas, notably in the Western and Northern regions, (Gwynedd and Dyfed particularly) where the Welsh language remains strong and highly visible. The Welsh word for their country is Cymru (Kumree), the land of the Comrades; the people are known as Cymry (Kumree) and the language as Cymraeg (Kumrige). Regional differences in spoken Welsh do not make speakers in one area unintelligible to those in another (as is so often claimed), standard Welsh is understood by Welsh speakers everywhere. Despite its formidable appearance to the uninitiated, Welsh is a language whose spelling is entirely regular and phonetic, so that once you know the rules, you can learn to read it and pronounce it without too much difficulty. For young children learning to read, Welsh provides far fewer difficulties than does English, as the latter's many inconsistencies in spelling are not found in Welsh, in which all letters are pronounced. THE WELSH ALPHABET: (28 letters) A, B ,C ,Ch, D, Dd, E, F, Ff, G, Ng, H, I, L Ll, M, N, O, P, Ph, R, Rh, S, T, Th, U, W, Y (Note that Welsh does not possess the letters J, K, Q, V, X or Z, though you will often come across "borrowings" from English, such as John, Jones, Jam and Jiwbil (Jubilee); Wrexham (Wrecsam); Zw (Zoo). THE VOWELS: (A, E, I, U, O, W, Y) A as in man. Welsh words: am, ac Pronounced the same as in English) E as in bet or echo. Welsh words: gest (guest); enaid (enide) I as in pin or queen. Welsh words: ni (nee); mi (me); lili (lily); min (meen) U as in pita: Welsh words: ganu (ganee); cu (key); Cymru (Kumree); tu (tee); un (een) O as in lot or moe. Welsh words: o'r (0re); don (don); dod (dode); bob (bobe) W as in Zoo or bus. Welsh words: cwm (koom), bws (bus); yw (you); galw (galoo) Y has two distinct sounds: the final sound in happy or the vowel sound in myrrh Welsh words: Y (uh); Yr (ur); yn (un); fry (vree); byd (beed) All the vowels can be lengthened by the addition of a circumflex (ä), known in Welsh as "to bach" (little roof). Welsh words: Tän (taan), län (laan) THE DIPHTHONGS: Ae, Ai and Au are pronounced as English "eye": ninnau (nineye); mae (my); henaid (henide); main (mine); craig (crige) Eu and Ei are pronounced the same way as the English ay in pray. Welsh words: deisiau (dayshy), or in some dialects (deeshuh); deil (dale or dile); teulu (taylee or tyelee) Ew is more difficult to describe. It can be approximated as eh-oo or perhaps as in the word mount. The nearest English sound is found in English midland dialect words such as the Birmingham pronunciation of "you" (yew). Welsh words: mewn (meh-oon or moun); tew (teh-oo) I'w and Y'w sound almost identical to the English "Ee-you." or "Yew" or "You": Welsh words: clyw (clee-oo); byw (bee-you or b'you); menyw (menee-you or menyou) Oe is similar to the English Oy or Oi. Welsh words: croeso (croyso); troed (troid); oen (oin) Ow is pronounced as in the English tow, or low: Welsh word: Rhown (rhone); rho (hrow) Wy as in English wi in win or oo-ee: Welsh words: Wy (oo-ee); wyn (win); mwyn (mooin) Ywy is pronounced as in English Howie. Welsh words: bywyd (bowid); tywyll (towith) Aw as in the English cow. Welsh words: mawr (mour); prynhawn (prinhown); lawr (lour) THE CONSONANTS: For the most part b, d, h, l, m, n, p, r, s, and t are pronounced the same as their Engli


Pisiform and hamate are bones in which part of the human body?

Hamate Bone Anatomy, Function & Diagram | Body Maps Your message has been sent. OK We're sorry, an error occurred. We are unable to collect your feedback at this time. However, your feedback is important to us. Please try again later. Close Hamate The bones of the wrist are known as carpals. The hamate is a wedge-shaped carpal bone. It is located on the outside area of the wrist, which is the same side as the pinkie finger. The hamate articulates—meaning it meets or connects with—five other bones. Three of these bones are also carpals: the lunate, triquetral, and capitate. Two of the bones are metacarpals, which are the long bones of the palm. These include the fourth and fifth metacarpals, located below the ring and pinkie fingers respectively. The hamate has a hook-like process that projects from the palm-side of the wrist toward the outside of the body. The hook of the hamate forms part of Guyon’s canal, also known as the ulnar canal. Guyon’s canal is located along the lower edge of the palm. It is bounded by the pisiform, another carpal bone, and a number of muscles and ligaments. The ulnar artery and ulnar nerve pass into the hand through this canal. A condition called Guyon’s canal syndrome may occur if the ulnar nerve is compressed in this area. It may be caused by overuse of the wrist through repetitive movements, trauma to the wrist, or a fracture to the hamate, among other factors. Symptoms include numbness, weakness, and pain in the hand. In severe cases, surgery is required. However, this condition is much less common than carpal tunnel syndrome.


In which French cathedral were the kings of France crowned until 1825?

The 5 Greatest Cathedrals in France - Europe Up Close Europe Up Close The 5 Greatest Cathedrals in France Published/Revised June 14, 2014 By Marilyn McFarlane This post may contain affiliate links. Share   It is difficult to choose the 5 greatest cathedrals in France, but those listed here seem to me to be the most impressive. Whatever your views, there’s no denying the significance of cathedrals in France. To believers, a cathedral is a sacred, holy place of worship. Others may see a treasure house of fabulous art, a symbol of oppression and ostentatious wealth, or simply another historic monument. Rouen Cathedral by Monet in 1894 A Catholic cathedral is the center of a diocese and bishop’s seat (that’s what makes it different from a church), and so it tends to be big and ornate, illustrating God’s glory and the Church’s power. All these that I have listed are dedicated to Notre Dame (the mother of Jesus) and all but one are free to enter, with fees charged to ascend the towers. Notre Dame de Paris This Gothic cathedral in the heart of Paris is the most visited monument in France, with 13 million visitors a year.  With construction beginning in 1163, it was finally completed about 1345, and there have been a good many renovations since then. In 1793, anti-religious revolutionaries destroyed sculptures and treasures and dedicated the building to the Cult of Reason, with Lady Liberty replacing the Virgin Mary. A few years later, a builder planned to demolish it and use the stones for housing. Napoleon Bonaparte saved it and had himself crowned emperor there, but it was the author Victor Hugo who created real interest in restoration. His 1831 novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame (in French, Notre Dame de Paris), sparked a public demand, and full restoration began in 1845. In recent times, between 1991 and 2001, further work preserved and cleaned the historic architecture and colors. Notre Dame de Paris, now owned by the state and a World Heritage Site, is 128 meters (420 feet) long, with two towers 69 meters (226 feet) high, and a spire. Several rose windows glow with exquisite medieval stained glass; one was the biggest window in the world when it was made. There’s a lot to admire here: statues of ancient kings of Israel, the famous flying buttresses and gargoyles, the intricate carvings, and the 28,000-pound bell. The cathedral is not only a tourist attraction, it’s an active church with Mass, chanting and music performed on a regular basis. It’s a dazzling sight any time of day, and at night it glows under colored lights. Tip: Visit on a weekday morning or evening to avoid the greatest crowds and waiting lines. Hours: 8 a.m. – 6:45 p.m, 7:15 p.m. Saturday and Sunday.  Guided tours in English, 2 p.m. Wednesday and Thursday, 2:30 Saturday. Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Chartres The awe-inspiring cathedral in Chartres, southwest of Paris, was constructed between 1193 and 1250. It was the first to use flying buttresses and is considered to be one of the finest examples of French High Gothic architecture, among other claims to fame. The cathedral is very well preserved; most of the original stained glass windows are intact, and there have been only minor changes to the architecture since the early 13th century. The Chartres cathedral is worth a visit for the stained glass windows alone. They are magical – 2500 square meters of scenes made from bits of vividly colored glass. And there’s more: two spires of different styles, hundreds of sculpted figures, soaring arches, a relic of the Virgin Mary’s tunic, and a labyrinth set in the floor of the nave. If you want to walk the labyrinth, come on a Friday, the only day the chairs are cleared away. Hours: 8:30 a.m. – 7:30 p.m. daily. Cathédrale Notre-Dame d’Amiens Amiens Cathedral Illuminated This classic Gothic cathedral, in Picardy, is the largest in France of its kind. It’s a stunning piece of 13th-century architecture, very long and narrow, with slim pillars in an elegant nave that reaches as high as 42.3 meters (139 feet) and a width of 14.6 meters (48 feet). Open arcades and large wi


Which Danish island was blown up by the British in 1947?

Heligoland Blown Up (1947) - YouTube Heligoland Blown Up (1947) Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Apr 13, 2014 Unused / unissued material - dates and locations unclear or unknown. Heligoland blown up. Germany. L/S view of Heligoland from sea level. L/S the sea shimmering as the sun shines on it. L/S and M/S the U-boat near Heligoland. C/U a naval officer looking through binoculars. L/Ss devastation on the island after the explosion. L/S a thick cloud rising from the sea. Aerial shots of the smoke cloud over the island. Note: Cuts for 47/33. FILM ID:2381.08 A VIDEO FROM BRITISH PATHÉ. EXPLORE OUR ONLINE CHANNEL, BRITISH PATHÉ TV. IT'S FULL OF GREAT DOCUMENTARIES, FASCINATING INTERVIEWS, AND CLASSIC MOVIES. http://www.britishpathe.tv/ FOR LICENSING ENQUIRIES VISIT http://www.britishpathe.com/ Category


The Rosetta stone was used to decipher the hieroglyphics in which country?

Story The Rosetta Stone What is the Rosetta Stone? The Rosetta Stone is a stone with writing on it in two languages (Egyptian and Greek), using three scripts (hieroglyphic, demotic and Greek). Why is it in three different scripts? The Rosetta Stone is written in three scripts because when it was written, there were three scripts being used in Egypt. The first was hieroglyphic which was the script used for important or religious documents. Detail of hieroglyphic and demotic script on the Rosetta Stone The second was demotic which was the common script of Egypt. The third was Greek which was the language of the rulers of Egypt at that time. The Rosetta Stone was written in all three scripts so that the priests, government officials and rulers of Egypt could read what it said. When was the Rosetta Stone made? The Rosetta Stone was carved in 196 B.C.. When was the Rosetta Stone found? The Rosetta Stone was found in 1799. Who found the Rosetta Stone? The Rosetta Stone was found by French soldiers who were rebuilding a fort in Egypt. Where was the Rosetta Stone found? The Rosetta Stone was found in a small village in the Delta called Rosetta (Rashid). Why is it called the Rosetta Stone? It is called the Rosetta Stone because it was discovered in a town called Rosetta (Rashid). What does the Rosetta Stone say? The Rosetta Stone is a text written by a group of priests in Egypt to honour the Egyptian pharaoh. It lists all of the things that the pharaoh has done that are good for the priests and the people of Egypt. Who deciphered hieroglyphs? Many people worked on deciphering hieroglyphs over several hundred years. However, the structure of the script was very difficult to work out. After many years of studying the Rosetta Stone and other examples of ancient Egyptian writing, Jean-François Champollion deciphered hieroglyphs in 1822. How did Champollion decipher hieroglyphs? Champollion could read both Greek and coptic. He was able to figure out what the seven demotic signs in coptic were. By looking at how these signs were used in coptic he was able to work out what they stood for. Then he began tracing these demotic signs back to hieroglyphic signs. By working out what some hieroglyphs stood for, he could make educated guesses about what the other hieroglyphs stood for.


Which European country is often referred to as ‘The Hexagon’, because of its geometric shape?

France | Resistance Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Share Flag of France. France is a country located in Western Europe that also comprises various overseas islands and territories located in other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as L’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. History France at the early 20th century, along with its ally Britain have declared war on Germany by invading the German colony Togoland on August 1914 , instigating the Great War . France became one of the Allied victors in the Great War, following a ceasefire proposal from Germany on October 1918 . France later became a member of the European Trade Organization (ETO) and the United European Defense . On August 1921 , for reasons unknown France had sent 12 French spies into Russia but only to be discovered and executed without trial. This incident further stagnated Russia's poor relationship with Western Europe and proceeded its policy of isolationism. Following the outbreak of the Chimeran invasion from Russia, France became one of the European countries that fell to the Chimera within two months. Remnants of the UED, including French and other European forces, banded together to form the Maquis , and took shelter in safe zones such as Luxembourg and Reims while resisting the Chimera. During the later events of Operation Overstrike , the combined efforts of Maquis and British forces assaulted Paris , turning the city into a battle ground, allowing British Royal Marines Pvt. James Grayson to infiltrate and infecting the heart of the Chrysalis Lair , causing a halt to Chimeran conversion centers throughout Europe. Following Grayson's battle in the Lair, Major Stephen Cartwright 's forces managed to destroy the Paris Tower, with similar results as from the destruction of the London Tower, allowing a temporary end to Chimeran rule in Western Europe.


Italian companies Ferretti and Azimut manufacture which luxury items?

Dare To Compare: Ultimate Yacht Face Off! | 26 North Yachts Dare To Compare! The ultimate yacht face-off! We put our necks on the line to give you hard-hitting insights into how some of the most popular luxury yachts for sale in the world today shape up against each other. This face-off is not for the feint-heated so put aside your pre-conceived notions and get ready to learn something new! Then call us. You will be glad you did! Make Inquiry Riva 68 vs Princess 72 Those in the market for express style sport yachts should consider both the Italian-made Riva 68 for sale and the UK-built Princess 72 for sale. Both offer great styling and performance on the sea in a three-stateroom layout, but there are some differences that potential owners should note. Share & enjoy with friends & family! Azimut 116 vs. Westport 112 The Azimut 116 and Westport 112 have many great features and would make any yachtsman proud. These yachts have many things in common, including similar cruise speeds, MTU 16V2000 main engines, similar beams, and similar weights. They also have features that appeal to specific types of buyers. Share & enjoy with friends & family! 78 Explorer vs. Outer Reef 80 vs. Offshore 80 For yachtsmen who’ve owned flashy, highly stylized, day cruisers—perhaps in their younger years—and are intrigued by bluewater cruising, more remote locales, tradition, and a bit more leisurely pace, explorer type luxury yachts are increasingly popular. Here we take a look at the Marlow 78 Explorer, the Outer Reef 80, and the Offshore 80 Voyager. Share & enjoy with friends & family! 88′ Azimut yacht for sale vs. Ferretti 88 for sale Hailing from Italian companies, the 88 Azimut and Ferretti 881 offer Italian styling and craftsmanship in this mini-megayacht range. Both vessels deliver light and airy indoor spaces, owner/guest privacy and comfort, and generous outdoor living and entertaining areas, including an aft “beach” platform, tender and toy storage, and optional hot tub. Share & enjoy with friends & family! Pacific Mariner 85 vs. Horizon E 88 In the world of downsizing we are finding many of our large yacht customers looking for something in the 80 – 90 foot range. Twenty years ago a yacht of this length would be considered substantial, but with modern materials and builders pushing the boundaries of length and construction techniques a yacht of this size is much more manageable then it was in the past. Share & enjoy with friends & family! Horizon 120 vs. Ocean Alexander 120 Hailing from Italian companies, the 88 Azimut and Ferretti 881 offer Italian styling and craftsmanship in this mini-megayacht range. Both vessels deliver light and airy indoor spaces, owner/guest privacy and comfort, and generous outdoor living and entertaining areas, including an aft “beach” platform, tender and toy storage, and optional hot tub. Share & enjoy with friends & family! Call us at 954-372-7026. We’re here to help! Stay up to date


Which English chemist and physicist invented the rubber balloon in 1824, to use in his experiments?

The Father of Electricity - Fun Facts About Michael Faraday April 9, 2013 1 Comment The Father of Electricity – Fun Facts About Michael Faraday When asked “Who is Michael Faraday?” Your likely response would be “Why he is the Father of electricity! A leading chemist and physicist. The founder of electromagnetic induction” and you’d be right of course, but there is much more to Michael Faraday. Read on for five facts about Faraday you may not have known. Faraday invented the Toy Balloon Prior to 1824 when Faraday invented the rubber balloon, toy balloons were made from pigs bladders and animal intestines. Faraday made his balloons  by cutting around two sheets of rubber and pressing together the edges. The adjoining surfaces were dusted with  flour to stop the insides fusing together. Michael Faraday filled these balloons with hydrogen as part of his research at the Royal Institute of London. Faraday secured Einstein his first job One of the most influential scientists of all time, Albert Einstein kept a picture of Faraday on the wall of his study in Princeton, New Jersey. It was said to be Einstein’s knowledge of Michael Faraday (and the Scottish theoretical physicist James Maxwell) that secured Einstein his first job at the Swiss Patent Office. The best bar none The most southerly bar in the world, on Galindez Island in Antarctica, was named after Faraday. It is currently on the Ukrainian Research Station, but it was built and named when the place was on Britain’s Faraday Atmospheric Research Station. The bar came about when a consignment of wood sent by the British Government to replace a broken boat dock was commandeered by carpenters to build the Antarctic Peninsula’s only bar. It was built to replicate a tradition British tavern complete with pint pots and real ale. Causing a stink! Faraday was one of the first people to recognise the horrendous condition of the Thames waterway. At the time the Thames was being use both as a rubbish dumping ground and a main source of drinking water. Faraday conducted a number of experiments to test the quality of the water which confirmed his suspicion – the Thames was little more than a “fermenting Sewer”. Parliament largely ignored his finding until just 3 years later a usually hot summer caused the Thames to boil and fill the whole of London with a repugnant odour. The government could ignore him no longer and a completely new sewer system was soon implemented. Standing on the shoulders of giants Michael Faraday died in 1867 at the age of seventy-five. He had previously declined the offer of internment at Westminster Abbey and instead was buried in Highgate Cemetery North London. A plaque is dedicated to Faraday at Westminster and is placed beneath the grave of Sir Isaac Newton. About the Author: Colin McDonald is an avid history lover who just loves to dig out the fun facts that encourage people to find out more about a subject. I am currently loving researching the beginnings of electricity and received a lot of help and advice from www.havenpower.com .


‘Roligans’ are well-mannered football fans from which European country?

Football Violence in Europe - Executive Summary The Changing Face of Motherhood Insights from three generations of mothers The report seeks to answer some specific questions about the changing face of motherhood and determine the extent to which modern ‘solutions’ to motherhood are more or less beneficial than the solutions of the past. more Executive summary Introduction The report contains a review of research and theoretical approaches to football violence in Europe. The historical development of the problems in various countries is outlined. Specific attention is given to the role of the media, the emergence of overt racism at football matches and the alleged influence of alcohol consumption on violent behaviour. The content of each section of the report is summarised below. History The game of football has been associated with violence since its beginnings in 13th century England. Medieval football matches involved hundreds of players, and were essentially pitched battles between the young men of rival villages and towns – often used as opportunities to settle old feuds, personal arguments and land disputes. Forms of 'folk-football' existed in other European countries (such as the German Knappen and Florentine calcio in costume), but the roots of modern football are in these violent English rituals. The much more disciplined game introduced to continental Europe in 1900s was the reformed pastime of the British aristocracy. Other European countries adopted this form of the game, associated with Victorian values of fair-play and retrained enthusiasm. Only two periods in British history have been relatively free of football-related violence: the inter-war years and the decade following the Second World War. The behaviour now known as 'football hooliganism' originated in England in the early 1960s, and has been linked with the televising of matches (and of pitch-invasions, riots etc.) and with the 'reclaiming' of the game by the working classes. In other European countries, similar patterns of behaviour emerged about 10 years later, in the early 1970s. Some researchers argue that a similar 'proletarianisation' of the game was involved, but there is little consensus on this issue, and much disagreement on the extent to which continental youth were influenced by British hooligans. Theory and research perspectives The major research and theoretical perspectives on football hooliganism derive mainly from British work conducted since the late 1960s. The principal sociological, psychological and anthropological approaches are critically reviewed - including those of Ian Taylor, John Clarke, Stuart Hall, Peter Marsh, John Williams and his colleagues, Gary Armstrong, Richard Giulianotti etc. There are deep divisions within social science circles concerning explanations of football hooliganism, with often vitriolic debate beween Marxist sociologists, so-called 'figurationalists', social psychologists and more empirically oriented researchers. This atmosphere has hindered the emergence of truly multi-disciplinary perspectives. It is generally agreed that British football hooliganism has probably been over-researched. Despite a general decline in violence at British football matches, the phenomenon still attracts a disproportionate amount of research activity. Research in other European countries has grown in scale since the early 1980s. The work of German, Dutch and Italian social scientists is reviewed. Much of this research has taken British theoretical perspectives as a starting point, although more 'local' approaches are now evident in some countries. The increase in work in these countries has led to a more Europe- wide approach to the problems of football violence, with a number of collaborative programmes now underway. The level of cross-cultural variation in the patterns of behaviour of football fans, however, presents a number of problems for this kind of research. It is suggested that the focus purely on behaviour at football games in Europe may be too limiting. The subject migh


The seven psalms – 6, 32, 38, 51, 102, 130 and 143 are known collectively as what?

Psalms 143 Commentary - David Guzik Commentary on the Bible David Guzik Commentary on the Bible Psalms 143 Verses 1-12 Psalm 143 – Hope for the Persecuted Soul The title of this Psalm is simply, A Psalm of David. It is another cry to God from a time of crisis and affliction because of Davids many enemies. It is numbered among the Seven Penitential Psalms - songs of confession and humility before God. It was a custom in the early church to sing these psalms on Ash Wednesday, the Wednesday before Easter. Psalm 143 does not seem to belong to this group as much as the others do (Psalms 6, 32, 38, 51, 102, and 130 are the others), but 143:2 is a strong and clear statement about the unrighteousness of mankind. A. Pleading for Gods Help in a Time of Crisis. 1. (1-2) Pleading for God to hear Hear my prayer, O Lord, Give ear to my supplications! In Your faithfulness answer me, And in Your righteousness. Do not enter into judgment with Your servant, For in Your sight no one living is righteous. a. Hear my prayer, O Lord: Psalm 143 finds David in another crisis. Because his life was filled with so much activity and danger, it is impossible to link this Psalm to any one particular point of crisis. It could be from the time before David was recognized as king, living as a fugitive from King Saul, or it could be from Davids time as king, particularly when his son Absalom led a rebellion against him. i. In this crisis, David knew that he must cry out to God and that God must hear him, or he would be lost. For David, prayer was not merely a self-improvement exercise that did good whether God heard him or not; prayer was a real plea made to a real God who could be appealed unto to hear, to answer, and to help. b. Give ear to my supplications: This is the same idea as hear my prayer in the previous line. David used the familiar Hebrew poetic form of parallelism, repeating the same idea in different words for the same of emphasis. c. In Your faithfulness answer me, and in Your righteousness: David appealed to the faithfulness and righteousness of God in his request. He asked God to act consistently with those attributes and to answer David. i. David knew something of the character and nature of God, and this shaped his prayer life. He could never ask God to be unfaithful or unrighteous. Yet he could ask God to act according to His character, and David did boldly make his request on that basis. ii. In Your righteousness: Even the sterner attributes of God are upon the side of the man who humbly trusts, and turns his trust into prayer. (Spurgeon) d. Do not enter into judgment with Your servant, for in Your sight no one living is righteous: David understood that if God were to deal with him only on the basis of His righteousness, it could mean judgment and ruin for David. So he asked God to deal with him on the basis of mercy (do not enter into judgment) and understood that he appealed to God because the Lord is righteous, not because David was righteous. i. We may consider Davids thoughts as such: Lord, I know that You are righteous and I am not. Yet I come to You as Your servant, asking You to act on my behalf because of Your mercy and Your righteousness, not on my supposed righteousness. ii. In saying, in Your sight no one living is righteous, David seemed to anticipate the Apostle Paul in Romans 3:10 (quoting Isaiah), There is none righteous, no not one; and Romans 3:23, for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God. Luther called this psalm one of the Pauline Psalms (see also 32; 51; 130). (VanGemeren) iii. When David said this, he wasnt thinking of others, as in Lord, they – the whole world – they are unrighteous. Instead he thought about himself, as in Lord, no one living in righteous, and I am certainly numbered among them. iv. How contrary is this spirit to the confession of innocence in several psalms (7:3-5)! Both expressions are valid, depending on the context in which one finds himself. The confession of innocence is appropriate when one is insulted and persecuted for righteousnesss sake, and the confession of guilt is p


The former penal colony Devil’s Island lies in which ocean?

Devil’s Island Devil’s Island Excursions Devil’s Island, Discarded off the coast of French Guiana, lies an ominous, key-shaped island of sharp rocks and swaying palm trees - Devil's Island. As the site of one of history’s most infamous and feared prisons, the island's reputation as hell on earth was well earned, having been used to brutally imprison, torture and punish the French Empire's most notorious criminals. Closed down in 1953, it now lies in an eerie purgatory, and the sense of unease as you approach it is hard to avoid, with its laden-coconut trees duplicitously waving you ashore. History Part of a small archipelago of three islands, nine miles offshore, the Islands of Salvation represent one of history's most macabre enterprises. When Napoleon III announced the intention to make 'forced labour more effective, more moralising, less expensive and more humane' in 1850, France began cramming its most despised prisoners aboard La Martiniere - a ship of the damned, which would set sail for Devil's Island. The islands were believed to be inescapable, although the best selling Papillion book and film, memorably details Henri Charrière apparently successful escape, on floating sacks of coconuts. Top Sights and Activities Royal Island was the administrative centre of the island, and was something like a small town, with amenities, a chapel and a hospital. You'll notice that security was minimal - guards knew full well that the shark-infested waters and vicious riptides meant any escape attempt was ultimately doomed. Take a walk around Royale Island, which is the largest of the three, to discover crumbling buildings, partially reclaimed by nature's creeping vines, which have attempted to mask the horrible history here. The tiny cells where prisoners were entombed in darkness, to suffer years of solitary confinement, is perhaps the island's most harrowing sight. Nature has a firm grip now - and as you walk the prisoner-built paths, you'll see streams of ants carrying oversized leaves above them like ship-sails, monkeys swinging playfully, and colourful parrots flashing overhead. Head to the island's highest point to look across at Devil's Island itself, which is closed to visitors due to the treacherous waters around it. Museums Royal Island's museum is the place to discover unsettling details about the horrors of the past - like the story of Route Zero, a darkly pointless road building exercise, devised as endless, futile hard labour. Hotels & Restaurants Despite the grisly history, the beauty of these islands still shines through, and it's hard to resist the chance to stay overnight at the island's only hotel, Auberge Iles du Salut. With stunning views of the Atlantic waves collapsing from your window, upgrading to a hammock room, so you can lie back and enjoy this unique location's unquestionable beauty, is always a tempting option. Shopping There's also a shop on the island, where you can pick up your Devil’s Island souvenirs before getting back onto the ship, with an all new appreciation of the freedom you have to sail away from these gorgeous islands, which have been tainted by humanity.


From which country does the Lambada dance originate?

YouTube Undo Close "INDIAN BRAZILIAN LAMB..." The YouTube account associated with this video has been terminated due to multiple third-party notifications of copyright infringement. Sorry about that.


Olympus Mons is the highest mountain on which planet in our solar system?

Where is the highest mountain in our Solar System? | Cool Cosmos   Where is the highest mountain in our Solar System? The highest mountain and volcano in the Solar System is on the planet Mars. It is called Olympus Mons and is 16 miles (24 kilometers) high which makes it about three times higher than Mt. Everest. In addition to being very tall, it is also very wide (340 miles or 550 kilometers) and covers an area larger than the entire chain of Hawaiian islands. Olympus Mons is a very flat mountain which slopes by only 2 to 5 degrees. It is a shield volcano built up by eruptions of lava. Continue the conversation on


The Saporta Cup was played for in which sport?

A college football legend starts a tradition - SaportaReport A college football legend starts a tradition Pin Shares 33 They say that football is a contact sport. Those who’ve actually played the game disagree. Basketball, they say, is a contact sport…football is a collision sport. Football is a tough and strategic game and the difference between winning and losing on any given Sunday often comes down to a thin, undefinable characteristic. There are no shortage of platitudes in the world of football. When the going gets tough, the tough get going. Winers never quit, quitters never win. It’s not whether you get knocked down, it’s whether you get back up. If it doesn’t challenge you, it doesn’t change you. But the truth is, platitudes alone don’t make great players or great coaches, there is a fine line between greatness and mediocrity. Over the years, there have been a number of men who managed to separate themselves from the pack. Players and coaches whose names will long be remembered in the annals of football lore. But only a select few managed to transcend the ravages of time and those men wear the mantle of being legendary. John Heisman began the game in the 19th century and today his name is still synonymous with the word “greatness,” and he is the subject of this week’s Stories of Atlanta. Related Posts


Renaissance astronomer Nicolas Copernicus was born in which modern day European country?

Copernicus born - Feb 19, 1473 - HISTORY.com Copernicus born Publisher A+E Networks On February 19, 1473, Nicolaus Copernicus is born in Torun, a city in north-central Poland on the Vistula River. The father of modern astronomy, he was the first modern European scientist to propose that Earth and other planets revolve around the sun. Copernicus was born into a family of well-to-do merchants, and after his father’s death, his uncle–soon to be a bishop–took the boy under his wing. He was given the best education of the day and bred for a career in canon (church) law. At the University of Krakow, he studied liberal arts, including astronomy and astrology, and then, like many Poles of his social class, was sent to Italy to study medicine and law. While studying at the University of Bologna, he lived for a time in the home of Domenico Maria de Novara, the principal astronomer at the university. Astronomy and astrology were at the time closely related and equally regarded, and Novara had the responsibility of issuing astrological prognostications for Bologna. Copernicus sometimes assisted him in his observations, and Novara exposed him to criticism of both astrology and aspects of the Ptolemaic system, which placed Earth at the center of the universe. Copernicus later studied at the University of Padua and in 1503 received a doctorate in canon law from the University of Ferrara. He returned to Poland, where he became a church administrator and doctor. In his free time, he dedicated himself to scholarly pursuits, which sometimes included astronomical work. By 1514, his reputation as an astronomer was such that he was consulted by church leaders attempting to reform the Julian calendar. The cosmology of early 16th-century Europe held that Earth sat stationary and motionless at the center of several rotating, concentric spheres that bore the celestial bodies: the sun, the moon, the known planets, and the stars. From ancient times, philosophers adhered to the belief that the heavens were arranged in circles (which by definition are perfectly round), causing confusion among astronomers who recorded the often eccentric motion of the planets, which sometimes appeared to halt in their orbit of Earth and move retrograde across the sky. In the second century A.D., the Alexandrian geographer and astronomer Ptolemy sought to resolve this problem by arguing that the sun, planets, and moon move in small circles around much larger circles that revolve around Earth. These small circles he called epicycles, and by incorporating numerous epicycles rotating at varying speeds he made his celestial system correspond with most astronomical observations on record. The Ptolemaic system remained Europe’s accepted cosmology for more than 1,000 years, but by Copernicus’ day accumulated astronomical evidence had thrown some of his theories into confusion. Astronomers disagreed on the order of the planets from Earth, and it was this problem that Copernicus addressed at the beginning of the 16th century. Sometime between 1508 and 1514, he wrote a short astronomical treatise commonly called the Commentariolus, or “Little Commentary,” which laid the basis for his heliocentric (sun-centered) system. The work was not published in his lifetime. In the treatise, he correctly postulated the order of the known planets, including Earth, from the sun, and estimated their orbital periods relatively accurately. For Copernicus, his heliocentric theory was by no means a watershed, for it created as many problems as it solved. For instance, heavy objects were always assumed to fall to the ground because Earth was the center of the universe. Why would they do so in a sun-centered system? He retained the ancient belief that circles governed the heavens, but his evidence showed that even in a sun-centered universe the planets and stars did not revolve around the sun in circular orbits. Because of these problems and others, Copernicus delayed publication of his major astronomical work, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium libri vi, or “Six Books Concerning the Revolutions of


In the game of golf, a Bo Derek is a score of what at any hole?

Beginner's Guide Beginner's Guide Learn to Play video Beginner's Guide to Golf To some taking up golf seems like a daunting task. The quirky characteristics and lingo that go alongside the game itself can often seem a little over-whelming at the beginning. But fear not, it’s not rocket science. Below is a list of phrases that will ensure you sound like you know what you’re talking about when you step on the course. Albatross: This is also known as a double eagle and means that the player has a score of three under par on an individual hole. Back Nine: This refers to the last nine holes of an 18-hole course. Birdie: This is when you score one under par on an individual hole. Bo Derek: This is a score of ten on any given hole. The term originates from the movie 10, in which Bo Derek was the object of Dudley Moore's desire. Bogey: a score of one over par on any individual hole. Caddie: This is a person whose job it is to carry a player’s golf bag. Caddies for professional players will also assist with club selection and strategy.  Drive: This is the stroke used on the first shot of the hole. It is more often than not played with a ‘driver’ and is taken from a ball sitting on a tee. The driver is designed to hit the ball further than any other club. Divot: This is the chunk of turf taken up by a golf shot. Eagle: This is a score of two under par on an individual hole. Fairway: This is the neat area that runs from the tee box to the putting green. Four Ball: This is a match between two teams of two players. Each person plays a ball. Foursomes: This is a match between two teams of two players. The players on each team play alternate shots of the same ball.  The Green: This is the final part of the hole, where the flag and the hole are located. Golf Tee: This is a little piece of equipment that raises the golf ball off the ground on the tee box. Green Fee: This is the fee charged by golf clubs for non-members to play on its course. Handicap: This is a number that represents a golfer’s ability. A golfer with a handicap of 5 is better than a golfer with a handicap of 22. A hole in one: This means that a golfer gets his ball from the tee box into the hole with just one stroke of the ball. Par: This is the expected number of strokes it should take a professional golfer to complete the hole. The higher the par, the more difficult the hole. Rough: The areas on a golf course outside the fairways. Characteristically they have longer grass that is unkempt looking.   By using Golf Ireland’s website, you agree we can set and use cookies. Please, take a moment to read information about our cookies . accept


Which three digits can be found in the bushes at the base of the Lincoln Memorial on a US $5 (Five dollar) bill?

Funny random facts for you...: 172 - U.S. $5 dollar bill Funny random facts for you... Funny random facts to add to your life knowledge... Tuesday, October 7, 2008 172 - U.S. $5 dollar bill The numbers '172' can be found on the back of the U.S. $5 dollar bill in the bushes at the base of the Lincoln Memorial. As you hold the bill, look at the "F" in five. The 5 is located in the leading edge of it. The 1 and 7 are shaped in the leaves of the same bush. They appear in the leaves and are darker than than the rest of the bush. The vignette on the reverse of the five-dollar bill depicts the Lincoln Memorial. You may be aware that, engraved on that Memorial are the names of the 48 states in 1922, which was the year the Memorial was dedicated. There are engravings of 26 State names on front of the building, which appears on the note vignette. As a result, only 26 of the States appear on the note. Posted by


In the film ‘Ben Hur’, what was the title character’s first name?

Ben-Hur (1959) Ben-Hur (1959) Pages: ( 1 ) ( 2 ) Background Ben-Hur (1959) is MGM's three and a half hour,   wide-screen epic Technicolor blockbuster - a Biblical tale, subtitled A   Tale of the Christ. Director William Wyler's film was a retelling of the spectacular    silent film of the same name (director Fred Niblo's and MGM's Ben-Hur:     A Tale of the Christ (1925)). Both films were adapted from the     novel (first published in 1880) by former Civil War General Lew Wallace.     Wyler had been an 'extras' director on the set of DeMille's original     film in the silent era. MGM's Ben-Hur:     A Tale of the Christ (1925), featuring a cast of 125,000,   cost about $4 million to make after shooting began on location in Italy,     in 1923, and starred silent screen idols Ramon Novarro and Francis X.     Bushman. This figure is equivalent to $33 million today - it was the     most expensive silent film ever made. This remake of the novel was inspired by the fact that three    years earlier, Cecil B. DeMille and Paramount had remade the 1925 version    of his film as a successful 50's epoch Biblical tale titled The    Ten Commandments (1956) . The heroic figure of Charlton Heston    (an iconic and righteous Moses figure) would again be commissioned to    play the lead role in this film of a Jewish nobleman (the Prince of Judea)    - after the role was turned down by Burt Lancaster, Rock Hudson and Paul    Newman. In the plot, prince Judah Ben-Hur was enslaved by a Roman tribunal    friend (with a homosexual subtext provided by co-writer Gore Vidal), but    then returned years later to seek revenge in the film's centerpiece, a    chariot race. Ultimately, he would find redemption and forgiveness in    the inspiring and enlightening finale. The colorful 1959 version was the most expensive film ever made up   to its time, and the most expensive film of the 50s decade. At $15 million   and shot on a grand scale, it was a tremendous make-or-break risk for MGM   Studios - and ultimately saved the studio from bankruptcy. [It was a big dual   win for MGM, since they had won the Best Picture race the previous year for Gigi (1958).] It took six years to prepare for the film shoot, and   over a half year of on-location work in Italy, with thousands of extras. It   featured more crew and extras than any other film before it - 15,000 extras   alone for the chariot race sequence. Ben-Hur proved to be an intelligent, exciting, and   dramatic piece of film-making unlike so many other vulgar Biblical pageants   with Hollywood actors and actresses. Its depiction of the Jesus Christ figure   was also extremely subtle and solely as a cameo - it never showed Christ's   face but only the reactions of other characters to him. It was one of the most honored, award-winning films of all   time. It was nominated for twelve Academy Awards, Best Picture, Best Actor   (Charlton Heston - his sole career Oscar), Best Supporting Actor (Hugh Griffith),   Best Director (William Wyler), Best Color Cinematography, Best Color Art Direction/Set   Decoration, Best Sound, Best Score, Best Film Editing, Best Color Costume   Design, Best Special Effects, and Best Screenplay (sole-credited Karl Tunberg).   It was the first film to win eleven Oscars - it lost only in the Screenplay   category due to a dispute over screenwriting credits (Maxwell Anderson, Christopher   Fry, and Gore Vidal were all uncredited). Titanic (1997) and The   Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003) are the only films to   tie this phenomenal record, although unlike this film, they came away without any acting Oscars. Many felt that Heston's performance was inferior to other   nominees in the Best Actor category: Jack Lemmon in Some   Like It Hot or Laurence Harvey in Room at the Top, and James   Stewart in Anatomy of a Murder. The chariot race sequence in the Circus Maximus (an amazing   replica of the one in Rome) is


In the nursery rhyme ‘The House That Jack Built’, what did the rat eat?

This is the House that Jack Built | Nursery Rhymes by Hooplakidz - YouTube This is the House that Jack Built | Nursery Rhymes by Hooplakidz Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Mar 14, 2014 Download HooplaKidz Christmas Songs on iTunes http://vid.io/xo26 Sing along to the fine tunes of This is The House that Jack Built nursery rhymes by Hooplakidz and sing along and have a good time !!! Lyrics to Sing Along :- This is the house that Jack built This is the malt that lay in the house that Jack built. This is the rat that ate the malt That lay in the house that Jack built. This is the cat that chased the rat That ate the malt that lay in the house that Jack built. This is the dog that worried the cat That chased the rat that ate the malt That lay in the house that Jack built. This is the cow with the crumpled horn That tossed the dog that worried the cat That chased the rat that ate the malt That lay in the house that Jack built. This is the maiden all forlorn That milked the cow with the crumpled horn That tossed the dog that worried the cat That chased the rat that ate the malt That lay in the house that Jack built. This is the man all tattered and torn That kissed the maiden all forlorn That milked the cow with the crumpled horn That tossed the dog that worried the cat That chased the rat that ate the malt That lay in the house that Jack built. This is the priest all shaven and shorn That married the man all tattered and torn That kissed the maiden all forlorn That milked the cow with the crumpled horn That tossed the dog that worried the cat That chased the rat that ate the malt That lay in the house that Jack built. This is the cock that crowed in the morn That woke the priest all shaven and shorn That married the man all tattered and torn That kissed the maiden all forlorn That milked the cow with the crumpled horn That tossed the dog that worried the cat That killed the rat that ate the malt That lay in the house that Jack built. This is the farmer sowing his corn That kept the cock that crowed in the morn That woke the priest all shaven and shorn That married the man all tattered and torn That kissed the maiden all forlorn That milked the cow with the crumpled horn That tossed the dog that worried the cat That chased the rat that ate the malt That lay in the house that Jack built. This is the horse and the hound and the horn That belonged to the farmer sowing his corn That kept the cock that crowed in the morn That woke the priest all shaven and shorn That married the man all tattered and torn That kissed the maiden all forlorn That milked the cow with the crumpled horn That tossed the dog that worried the cat That chased the rat that ate the malt That lay in the house that Jack built. To watch all popular nursery rhymes, click here http://bit.ly/19Wxnri For more baby songs click here http://www.youtube.com/user/hooplakidz Subscribe to the Hooplakidz Childrens Youtube Channel


Sabena Airlines was the national airline of which European country 1923 – 2001?

✈ Sabena - Belgian World Airlines - Historic 1923-2001 | Flickr ✈ Sabena - Belgian World Airlines - Historic 1923-2001 SABENA Base: Brussels (Haren, Melsbroek, Zaventem) IATA: SN ICAO: SAB Fleet pre 1945: 4x Airco de Havilland DH9, 1x Airco de Havilland DH4, 3x Rumpler C-IV, 3x Farman F-60 Goliath, 1x Ansaldo A 300-C, 4x Blériot Spad 33, 1x Handley Page W.8b, 4x SABCA-Handley Page W.8b, 10x SABCA-Handley Page W.8f, 1x SABCA-De Havilland DH .50A, 1x SABCA SD.2 Sport, 2x Fokker F II, 1x Fokker F VIIa/3m, 1x Fokker F-VIIb/3m, 28x SABCA Fokker VIIb/3m, 4x Westland P-1 Wessex, 1x Savoia Marchetti S.73P, 4x Savoia Marchetti S.73, 4x Savoia Marchetti S.83, 2x SABCA-Savoia Marchetti S.73, 5x SABCA-Savoia Marchetti S.73P, 1x Junkers F-13L, 9x Junkers Ju-52/3mge, 7x Lockheed Lodestar, 2x Lockheed Super Electra, 2x DC3. Fleet post 1945 helicopters: 9x Sikorsky S-55, 10x Sikorsky S-58, 4x Bell 47, 1x SE Alouette II, 3x Westland-Sikorsky WS-51 + 1x WS-52 leased from Westland, 2x Vertol 44A leased from Vertol, 1x Sikorsky S-62 leased from Sikorsky. Fleet post 1945 piston and props: 47x DC3/C-47 (of which four leased from Sobelair + four from Belgian Air Force), 14x DC4/C-54 (of which one leased from T.A.I. and one from Sobelair), 19x DC6 (of which one leased from Belgian Air Force + three from T.A.I.), 10x DC7, 7x CV240, 12x CV440, 3x L-1049 Constellation leased from Seaboard & Western, 1x Avro 652 Anson, 6x DH 104 Dove, 1x DH 114 Heron, 3x Caudron C.449 Goeland (presumable never operational), 3x Bristol 170 Freighter leased from Air Charter/Channel Air Bridge, 2x Fokker F27 of which one leased from BIAS via Sobelair, 3x ATR72 of which two leased from Schreiner Airways and one from Gill Airways, 12x Dash 8 of which nine leased from Schreiner Airways + one from Hamburg Airlines + two from Tyrolean Airways. Fleet post 1945 jets: 11x Caravelle (of which one leased from Air France), 20x B707 (of which one leased from Sobelair + one from Trans Air + one from Zaïre Express + one from Occidental Airlines), 5x B727-100, 16x B737-200, 6x B737-300, 3x B737-400, 6x B737-500, 6x BAC 1-11 of which two leased from British World and four from European Aircharter, 1x BAe146-300 leased from British World, 4x B747-100 (of which two leased from Air France), 3x B747-200 leased from Air France, 3x B747-300 of which one leased from Corsair, 13x DC10 (of which four leased from Lufthansa + one from Air Zaïre + two from Alitalia + one from World Airways), 7x A310 (of which two leased from Airbus and two from Lufthansa), 15x A319, 6x A320, 3x A321, 10x A330, 5x A340 (of which one leased from Airbus), 2x MD11 leased from City Bird. History: Société Anonyme Belge d' Exploitation de la Navigation (SABENA) was formed by the Belgian government on May 23 1923 to succeed SNETA and act as the national flag carrier. They inherited part of their fleet: 4x Airco DH9, 1x Airco DH4, 3x Rumpler C-IV, 1x Farman Goliath, 4x Blériot Spad and 1x Ansaldo. On the day of its foundation the inaugural flight with a load of freight & mail went from Haren via Ostend to Lympne in the U.K. A couple of days later the first passengers flew with these ex bombers, but soon it was found that the airplanes were not suited for commercial pax transport and new equipment was found with the purchase of an Handley Page W8, later on more airframes were build in license by SABCA. With these machines the first scheduled pax service was established on April 1 1924 linking Brussels with Strasbourg, followed by Rotterdam (June 1), Basle (June 10) and Amsterdam (September 1). More license build aircraft followed, like the Fokker VII and Savoie Marchetti. With these airplanes and other new equipment an intra European and intra Belgian Congolese network was established. On February 23 1935 a once weekly scheduled link was established between Belgium and Belgian Congo. During the War European services were halted, but continued within the Belgian Congo. The postwar network expanded with war surplus DC3 and new DC3, DC4, de Havilland Dove and Convair 240 equipment, covering most of Europe, later extended to


On a clothes label, what does a square with a circle inside it indicate?

Washing Symbols | Wash Care Labels on Clothes | Cleanipedia Five Dots = 70 C Six Dots = 95 C Permanent Press: The Permanent Press symbol has one line beneath the standard wash symbol. Permanent Press fabrics have been treated with chemicals to ensure they resist wrinkles and retain their original shape. If a piece of clothing is permanent press, it usually means that you shouldn’t iron it. Gentle Cycle: The Gentle Cycle symbol has two lines beneath the standard wash symbol. The gentle cycle is for delicate fibres like wool or silk, or for items of clothing that could be damaged by a vigorous washing (like sequined tops, tights, or lycra). Hand Wash: The Hand Wash symbol is the standard wash symbol with a hand at the top. For ‘Hand Wash’ clothing, do not use a washing machine. Instead wash garments in a sink or small tub, using your hands to ensure that the cleaning liquid is thoroughly rubbed into the material and subsequently rinsed out. Check your cleaning liquid to make sure it is suitable for hand washing – milder detergents have been specifically designed for hand wash use, and they are safe for your clothes and for your hands! Do Not Wash: The Do Not Wash symbol is the standard wash symbol with a cross through it. If the label instructs you not to wash the item, it will have to be dry cleaned after it gets dirty – see the section on Dry Cleaning Symbols below. Bleaching Guidelines on Wash Care Labels   The next symbol on the care label is a triangle that refers to whether specific bleaching conditions can be used on the item. Bleach: A triangle without anything in the middle means that any kind of bleach can be used on the clothing when needed. Non-chlorine Bleach Only: A triangle filled with diagonal lines means that only non-chlorine bleaches should be used. Check the ingredients on your bleach to see if it contains chlorine. Find out more about the different kinds of bleach here . Do Not Bleach: A solid black triangle with crossed lines means ‘do not bleach’ – you should not attempt to use any kind of bleach on this garment. Drying Guidelines on Care Labels Tumble Dry: The basic tumble dryer symbol is a square with a circle in the middle of it.   As with the washing symbols, the number of dots inside the circle will tell you the heat setting you should put your tumble dryer on to, as well as any specific program settings required. Three dots mean Tumble Dry High, where as two dots means Tumble Dry Medium and one dot means Tumble Dry Low.   Do Not Tumble Dry: When an item is marked as ‘do not tumble dry’ with a cross through the drying symbol, leave this garment to drip-dry on a drying rack, in an airing cupboard, or outside on your washing line rather than putting it in the dryer.   Tumble Dry, Permanent Press: As before, a single line below the dryer symbol means that a Permanent Press setting should be used. Tumble Dry, Delicate Setting: Double lines indicate that the Delicate setting must be used. Ironing Guidelines on Care Labels Iron: To make life easy, the ironing symbol is shaped like an old-fashioned iron. Ironing symbols also employ the same dot system for heat levels, which should be adjustable on your iron. Iron on high: three dots mean that the item can be ironed on high Iron on Medium: two dots mean that it can be ironed on medium. Iron on Low: One dot means that it can be ironed on low. Dry Cleaning Symbols Dry Clean: The dry cleaning symbol is a circle.


In the American Wild West, what was the name of the gang, members of which included Butch Cassidy and kid Curry?

Hole in the Wall Gang - The Wild West Hole in the Wall Gang Wild West Outlaws and Lawmen Hole in the Wall Gang Hole-in-the-Wall Gang, was the name given to a gang in the American West, which took its name from the Hole-in-the-Wall Pass in Johnson County, Wyoming, where several outlaw gangs had their hideouts. The Gang was actually made up of several separate gangs, all operating out of the Hole-in-the-Wall Pass, using it as their base of operations. The gangs formed a coalition, each planning and carrying out its own robberies with very little interaction with the other gangs. At times, members of one gang would ride along with other gangs, but usually each gang operated separately, meeting up only when they were each at the hideout at the same time. The hideout had all the advantages needed for a gang attempting to evade the authorities. It was easily defended and impossible for lawmen to access without detection by the outlaws concealed there. It contained an infrastructure, with each gang supplying its own food and livestock supply, as well as its own horses. A corral, livery stable, and numerous cabins were constructed, one or two for each gang. Anyone operating out of there adhered to certain rules of the camp, to include a certain way in handling disputes with other gang members, and never stealing from another gang's supplies.  Additionally, there was no leader.   Each gang adhered to its own chain of command. The hideout was also used for shelter and a place for the outlaws to lay up during the harsh Wyoming winters. Members included such infamous outlaws as Butch Cassidy, the Sundance Kid, The Curry Brothers (Kid and Lonny), "Laughing" Sam Carey, Black Jack Ketchum, Elzy Lay, and George "Flat Nose" Curry, along with several lesser known outlaw gangs of the Old West. Several posses trailed outlaws to the location and there were several shootouts as posses attempted to enter the camp.  The posses were repulsed, and forced to withdraw. No lawmen ever successfully entered it to capture outlaws during its more than fifty years of active existence, nor were any lawmen attempting to infiltrate it by use of undercover techniques successful. The encampment operated with a steady stream of gangs rotating in and out from the late 1860s to the early 20th century. However by 1910, very few outlaws used the hideout, and it eventually faded into history. One of the cabins used by Butch Cassidy still exists today, and was relocated to Cody, Wyoming, where it is on display to the public. Copyright © 1999-2016 thewildwest.org.


What is the name of the key which is used for tightening and loosening the neck around a drill bit?

powertools - How do I remove a drill bit that is stuck due to an overtightened chuck? - Home Improvement Stack Exchange How do I remove a drill bit that is stuck due to an overtightened chuck? I recently bought a Bosch PSB 500 RE power drill and already I kinda screwed up the machine. The chuck is keyless, consisting of two parts which I'll refer to as the head and the base. You would hold the base and rotate the head relative to the base to loosen or tighten the bit. The machine is also equipped with a grip that is located on the drill body just before the base of the chuck. While drilling this grip slipped and caught the base, stopped it from turning, so that only the head of the chuck was turning in the grip direction. Now the whole chuck is too tight and it seems I can't release the bit any more. Any solutions? Edit 1 I tried wearing gloves, it didn't help. I also tried putting some WD40, but that didn't help because the bit is way too tight. I heard that the chuck assembly can be replaced, what do you think?      Don't replace the chuck assembly, it can't be that desperate yet. Did you try BMitch's strap wrench suggestion? You could also use locking or groove joint pliers with a heavy cloth or rubber sheet to protect the chuck finish. Even if the finish is damaged, the chuck will still function, but you may need to always use gloves on it because the damaged surface will be too harsh for bare skin. If the drill doesn't torque enough to loosen the chuck, you may need to use two tools to get it to loosen. It will loosen with the right tools. –  bcworkz Jan 19 '13 at 20:28      You'd need to unscrew a screw that is accessible only when the bit is removed to replace the chuck. –  sharptooth Jan 22 '13 at 7:35      @sharptooth my drill machine definitly does not have a screw that is covered by the bit, maybe in other models. check my amazon link –  Moataz Elmasry Jan 22 '13 at 13:51 1   Strange. The typical procedure is like in this video youtube.com/watch?v=usC8unA5RiA - you loosen the chuck open wide and then unscrew a screw inside. –  sharptooth Jan 22 '13 at 14:05      nop I believe this is dependant on the model. mine most probably does not have this one –  Moataz Elmasry Jan 22 '13 at 15:49 up vote 19 down vote accepted Put the drill in reverse, firmly grip the chuck (the part you were calling the head) and gently squeeze the trigger up the point that you cannot hold on. If you hear clicking, and it doesn't torque very much, you need to turn the torque setting up to the maximum (the highest number, or the drill setting if it has one). If it still doesn't budge and you're not able to hold the chuck against the force of the drill, you may want to use something stronger than your hand to hold the chuck. A strap wrench is well designed for this task and won't damage the chuck.      I will try and get one of these strap wrenches and try again. I tried to use my bare hands as well as a piece of cloth to hold the chuck base and tried to turn on the drill in the release direction, but I have to admit that I'm not strong enough for that :(, so I'll try the strap wrench. many thanks –  Moataz Elmasry Jan 22 '13 at 13:49      I had no idea of strap wrenches before reading this. –  sharptooth Jan 22 '13 at 14:09 2   I've had success with channellock pliers . They usually leave marks on the chuck, but they're also more common than strap wrenches. –  alx9r Jan 23 '13 at 6:51 1   @alx9r: They won't damage the chuck if the chuck is wrapped in cloth. –  sharptooth Jan 23 '13 at 7:32 1   A less dangerous way (Especially as there's still a bit in there)is with a bench vice and pliers/wrench (so no power is used) –  Mark W Aug 23 '13 at 10:28 up vote 5 down vote That happens once in a while with such chucks. Been there, loosened that. Don't worry. When all else fails I wrap the chuck ring in cloth and use a pipe wrench. Sometimes only more torque can help. Just be sure you're turning it in the right direction.      Vice grips may also be used, if they're the only thing at hand. –  Wayfaring Stranger Apr 16 '14 at 13:44      The pip


In World War ll, what type of planes were used by the Dambusters?

World War II Bomber Command Dambuster Raids 19 aircraft Operation Chastise Overview: During the early days of World War II, the Royal Air Force's Bomber Command sought to strike at German dams in the Ruhr. Such an attack would damage water and electrical production, as well as inundate large areas of the region. Assessing the feasibility of the mission, it was found that multiple strikes with a high degree of accuracy would be necessary. As these would have to take place against heavy enemy resistance, Bomber Command dismissed the raids as unpractical. Pondering the mission, Barnes Wallis, an aircraft designer at Vickers, devised a different approach to breaching the dams. While first proposing the use of a 10-ton bomb, Wallis was forced to move on as no aircraft capable carrying such a payload existed. Theorizing that a small charge could break the dams if detonated below the water, he was initially thwarted by the presence of German anti-torpedo nets in the reservoirs. Pushing on with the concept, he began developing a unique, cylindrical bomb designed to skip along the surface of the water before sinking and exploding at the dam's base. To accomplish this, the bomb, designated Upkeep, was spun backwards at 500 rpm before being dropped from low altitude. Striking the dam, the bomb's spin would let it roll down the face before exploding underwater. Wallis' idea was put forward to Bomber Command and after several conferences was accepted on February 26, 1943. While Wallis' team worked to perfect the Upkeep bomb design, Bomber Command assigned the mission to 5 Group. For the mission, a new unit, 617 Squadron, was formed with Wing Commander Guy Gibson in command. Based at RAF Scampton, just northwest of Lincoln, Gibson's men were given uniquely modified Avro Lancaster Mk.III bombers. Dubbed the B Mark III Special (Type 464 Provisioning), 617's Lancasters had much of the armor and defensive armament removed to reduce weight. In addition, the bomb bay doors were taken off to allow the fitting of special crutches to hold and spin the Upkeep bomb. As the mission planning progressed, it was decided to strike the Möhne, Eder, and Sorpe Dams. While Gibson relentlessly trained his crews in low-altitude, night flying, efforts were made to find solutions to two key technical problems. These were ensuring that the Upkeep bomb was released at a precise altitude and distance from the dam. For the first issue, two lights were mounted under each aircraft such that their beams would converge on the surface of the water then the bomber was at the correct altitude. To judge range, special aiming devices which utilized towers on each dam were built for 617's aircraft. With these problems solved, Gibson's men began test runs over reservoirs around England. Following their final testing, the Upkeep bombs were delivered on May 13, with the goal of Gibson's men conducting the mission four days later. Flying the Dambuster Mission: Taking off in three groups after dark on May 17, Gibson's crews flew at around 100 feet to evade German radar. On the outbound flight, Gibson's Formation 1, consisting of nine Lancasters, lost an aircraft en route to the Möhne when it was downed by high tension wires. Formation 2 lost all but one of its bombers as it flew towards Sorpe. The last group, Formation 3, served as a reserve force and diverted three aircraft to Sorpe to make up for losses. Arriving at Möhne, Gibson led the attack in and successfully released his bomb. He was followed by Flight Lieutenant John Hopgood whose bomber was caught in the blast from its bomb and crashed. To support his pilots, Gibson circled back to draw German flak while the others attacked. Following a successful run by Flight Lieutenant Harold Martin, Squadron Leader Henry Young was able to breach the dam. With the Möhne Dam broken, Gibson led the flight to Eder where his three remaining aircraft negotiated tricky terrain to score hits on the dam. The dam was finally opened by Pilot Officer Leslie Knight. While Formation 1 was achieving success, Formation 2 and its reinforcements c


Jalousie, Bay and Palladian are all types of what?

Jalousie Windows - Worcester Window Company Jalousie Windows Let us contact you with our FREE ESTIMATE! Name * How Did You Hear About Us? * Comment * Get My FREE Estimate Jalousie Windows This is a window type that allows air into a space through glass louvered panels that are each parallel to one another in a frame. Each of the louvers are connected to each other on a track so they can tilt in unity. The tilting of the glass louvers is usually achieved by turning a crank near or within the window frame. These window frames are usually made of aluminum which does have some negative issues which we will address later in this description.   There are a few features that make this window type desirable to some home owners which we discuss below.   Allows maximum air flow and natural ventilation into a space The louvered glass panels create interesting sight lines and sunlight patterns during the day The ability to use this window type during bad climatic conditions The jalousie window was a popular window type in mobile homes in the 1950s and the 1960s. Then they become used in modern homes after that time when several notable architects incorporated the window type into their design because of the ability for the window to be used during bad climatic conditions, like heavy rain. Even when it rains hard a home owner and use tilt the glass window panels to a direction that allows in air but not rain.   The fact that the jalousie window can allow in desired ventilation despite the type of weather that is taking place on the outside (sunny day, rainy day, tropical storm), allowed this window type to gain traction and has become one of the basic window types home owners like to use on their residence.   Some of the issues that have been noted to occur with the jalousie window are the way the glass louvered panels adhere to the window frame. The side mechanism can get stuck which makes it difficult to open the window panels. In addition if using an aluminum window frame it can corrode and cause opening problems as well. This is not a very energy efficient window since even when closed some air may leak out of a space. These are just some of the concerns that have been reported about the jalousie window, but there are ways to mitigate many of these issues which we can discuss if you have issues.   Today the jalousie window has been showcased in several high profile architectural designs that have won awards and received national notoriety. The modern jalousie still may have some of the problems discussed above, but if the right material is chosen for the situation then these issues should be minimized. This window type is a nice addition to any home and can add a level of flair that other window types just cannot do.   Worcester Window Company is your premier window service company with experience in all window types including the jalousie window. We have been in business for decades and have roots here in the Worcester community. So when you are ready to let us handle all your window service needs give us a call at (508) 455-4390, and let one of our customer service representatives answer any questions or concerns you may have. Worcester Window Company


‘Hector the Cat’ is a fictional mascot created for teaching children what in Australia?

Watch "Hector the Cat" Video Family Filter: ON OFF Watch Hector the Cat Video Hector the Cat is a fictional cat and mascot created to aid the teaching of road safety to children in Australia. Educational material relating to the character was developed by the Australian Department of Transport in association with state and territory road authorities. "Hector's road safety...   Show More Hector the Cat is a fictional cat and mascot created to aid the teaching of road safety to children in Australia. Educational material relating to the character was developed by the Australian Department of Transport in association with state and territory road authorities. "Hector's road safety song" became well known in Australia when it was shown as a public service announcement on television. The blue and yellow striped cat first appeared on a school calendar in 1971 with a storyline that he had lost eight of his nine lives due to "ignorance of road safety practices". This was followed by a short instructional film. In subsequent years other characters were introduced in calendars, instructional films, and comic books including Millie, his girlfriend, Uncle Tom, Hector and Millie's three kittens and his space friend Ding Dong. A study in 1978 found that, although children enjoyed the characters and stories, the material had a number of inadequacies. It stressed that road safety research findings and child development theory would need to be considered for any future development.  Show Less


The first stock market in which city was established in 1792 with 24 stock brokers meeting at the Tontine Coffee House?

Origins of the Stock Market The trend is your friend! Click here to see the Top 50 Trending Stocks. Ancient Glimmers Amazingly, some people believe the origins of the stock market can be observed as far back as ancient Rome. Back in Roman times, organizations called "Societates Publicanorum" were formed that offered investments referred to as "partes" or what we now know them as - shares. These organizations offered partes to individuals to help the government with the building of public structures and perform other community/civic services. The shares were tradeable and had fluctuating prices based on the underlying project's success. This seems more orientated toward what we now know as the municipal bond market, but it didn't take much of an imagination for some industrious Romans to transfer the principle onto private industry and some scholars believe this did, in fact, take place. The Age of Exploration During the age of exploration, hundreds of new sailing expeditions set forth and many of the journeys were those of merchants looking to trade. As these expeditions became more frequent, alternative methods to finance them were needed. The concept of selling partnership agreements to investors by dividing ownership of explorations into shares dates back to at least to the 13th Century in Italy. These agreements were typically only offered to a small group of investors and were of a limited duration with shipping partnerships that applied only to a single sea voyage. The trading of these kinds of shares grew throughout Northern Europe and eventually, a group of cities created the Hanseatic League which provided services to offer the shares to more individual investors. This was only a glimmer of the origins of the stock market, because at that time there were still no paper shares issued, and there was no "after market" buying or selling of those share interests. Antwerp Glass Roof of the Late Antwerp Bourse. Wood engraving, 1858. In 1531, the Belgian "bourse" of Antwerp was the world's oldest financial exchange mainly trading in promissory notes, bonds and commodities. The word "bourse" originated from a family-run inn in the town of Bruges where 15th century merchants met to conduct financial affairs. The definition of the word bourse is: an exchange as an assembly meeting at frequent intervals, usually daily, consisting of the merchants and another person, who meet for the purpose of dealing without exhibiting, delivering or paying for their goods at the same time. This certainly had some of the beginning characteristics of the origins of the stock market. As word spread about Antwerp's success with trading financially derived investments, the enthusiasm filtered over into London's financial development activities. London In 1571, officially opened by Queen Elizabeth I, The Royal Exchange was modeled after the Antwerp Exchange building and like the Antwerp bourse, it offered the opportunity for a large group of merchants to sell merchandise. However, as trade expeditions continued to form, The Royal Exchange also included a small group of brokers offering marketable share interests in various expeditions. Amsterdam In the early 1600s, the Dutch East India Company (Vereinigte Oostindische Compaignie) and later the Dutch West India Company were formed to trade spices between Amsterdam and East India (Indonesia). Similar to how companies now operate, the directors controlled the company's operations including multiple expeditions rather than a single one, but the financials of the company were not available for investors to study. Shareholders received a 16% dividend per year on their investments. The other thing the Dutch Companies did was to issue shares on paper and eventually, investors began offering to sell their shares to other investors. Photo: Vereinigte Ostindische Compagnie bond. In fact, the oldest existing stock certificate discovered so far was issued in 1606 by the Dutch East India Company. In 1602, a new group formed the Amsterdam Exchange which was held outside on the New Bridge of Amsterdam where tr


How many eyelids do camels have on each eye?

Camels Have Three Eyelids To Protect Their Eyes From Camels Have Three Eyelids To Protect Their Eyes From Do Camels Have Three Eyelids? : Camels have three eyelids to protect their eyes from the sand and flying debris in.  chacha/question/whydocamelshave. How Many Eyelids Does a Camel Have? : Camels have three eyelids, they are long eyelashes to protect their eyes from  sand. The third eyelid is like a windshield wiper on a car, wiping the sand away. Camels Have Three Eyelids : Two of the eyelids have eye lashes which help protect their eyes from  It is also  thin enough that the Camels can see through it somewhat. how many eyelids does a camel have? : Camels have 3 eyelids and for good reasons too.  To protect their eyes, camels  have long eyelashes (A) that catch most of the sand. Sources: How Many Eyelids does a Camel Have : A camel has 3 eyelids to protect their eyes from the sand in the desert. They have  one on top, one on the bottom and one on the read more free on Why does a camel have three eyelids per eye : The camels' eyes are specially protected by three eyelids on each eye, this helps  protect from howling  Why do camels have thick wool on their lower bodies? Why do camels have 3 eyelids : Answer: Camels have three eyelids to protect their eyes from the sandstorms in  the desert.  Why do camels have thick wool on their lower bodies? Answer it What Animal Has Three Eyelids? : Camels are one of the largest mammals that boast third   Frogs, lizards and  snakes all use their third eyelids to protect their eyes from dust, mud and injury. Camels have three eyelids to protect themselves from blowing sand : Camels have three eyelids to protect themselves from blowing sand.  camel's  eyes are protected by long eyelashes and have an extra thin eyelid. He can see  through this 3rd eyelid allowing him to find his way even in a harsh desert storm. Trivia Camel Has 3 Eyelids : Camels have three eyelids to protect their eyes from blowing sand.Two of the  eyelids (the upper and lower eyelids) have eyelashes. The third How many eyelids does a camels eye have? Just2Smart : Camels have three eyelids to protect from the desert sand.  some truth in the  saying that a camel could find its way though a sand storm with its eyes closed. Camels have the most beautiful eyes : The secret of the camel is its three eyelids. If you look closely, two of the lids have  eye lashes, which protects their eyes from the sand. The third Which animals have three eyelids? : This is especially helpful for desertdwelling camels, protecting them from the   look in the inner corners of your eyes you can still see their vestigial remains. How does the camel walk in the desert easilyReasonNature : The camel has three eyelids and two layers of eyelashes to protect itself from  dust and sun. To protect their eyes, camels have long eyelashes that catch most  of What Animal Has Three Eyelids? What Purpose Do The : Camels do have to protect themselves, and especially their eyes, from the dust,  and this  Cats and dogs have three eyelids, but probably other animals do, too. Camels Have 3 Eyelids by : to protect their eyes from sand this is for my illustration class its for a childrens  magazine I cant  Camels Have 3 Eyelidsby ~grouchywolfpup. Do you have Camel : To protect them from blowing sand, camels have three eyelids. Its third eyelid is  transparent, allowing the camel to see but still shielding the eye Camel : Camels have unique layered eyelids and the ability to close their nostrils to  protect them in sand storms. Bactrian  3. What two things do camels have to  protect themselves from the dessert sand storms? A. Eye lids and nostrils. B. Hair  and Nictitating membrane : Some mammals, such as camels, polar bears, seals and aardvarks, have full  nictitating membranes. Often called a third eyelid or haw, it may be referred to in  scientific terminology as the  In crocodiles, it protects their eyes from water but  also hinders their focus under water.  Edinburgh Univ Pubs Science Maths,  No 3. Camels : Camels are


Which British pre-decimal coin was worth two shillings?

History of pre-decimal British coins The farthing Diameter : 20.0 mm ; Weight : 2.8 grams One needed forty-eight parts of a farthing to make one shilling. The farthing existed from 1672 to 1956, but it is in 1860 that it will be struck out of bronze with the format it will keep until its disappearance in 1956, i.e. with the diameter of 20 millimetres for a weight of 2.83 grams. The origins of the denomination : in first it was fourthing, because a quarter of... The half-penny Diameter : 25.0 mm ; Weight : 5.7 grams The half-penny was equivalent to one 24th of shilling. The half-penny existed from 1672 to 1967, but like the farthing, it is only in 1860 that it adopts the proportions it will keep until 1967. It will be replaced by the new half-penny in 1971. The penny Diameter : 31.0 mm ; Weight : 9.4 grams The penny was the twelfth part from one shilling. It always carried on the reverse the famous sitted Britannia. The penny is the continuation of a roman coin, Denarius or continental denier, its origin is thus very old, but it is only under George III that this coin is struck out of bronze and its format gradually reduced until the standard which will remain invariable from 1860 to 1967. Silver coins The three pence Diameter : 16.0 mm ; Weight : 1,4 grams One needed four coins of three pence to make one shilling. The coin of three pence existed since 1551. This silver coin of small diameter, weighting 1.4138 grams, was struck until 1944. Another coin of three pence out of brass , larger, of dodecagonal form, appeared in 1937 and lasted until 1967. The four pence or Groat Diameter : 16.0 mm ; Weight : 1,9 grams There were four pennies in a groat. Groats circulated between the 14th and 17th centuries. For the 19th and 20th, the coin of four pence was not a current coin, i.e. it did not circulate and was only in sets of new coins, just as the silver coins of 3, 2 and 1 pence. The six pence Diameter : 19.0 mm ; Weight : 2,8 grams The coin of six pence was worth one six pence. It existed since 1549. It kept the same proportions for a long time, its weight was 3.0100 grams. This coin was struck out of silver before Victoria until under the reign of George VI, in 1946. From 1947, it was struck out of copper-nickel until 1967. After the decimalization of the English coins, the six pence were accepted with the value of 2.5 new pence. The shilling Diameter : 24.0 mm ; Weight : 5,7 grams To make one shilling, twelve pence were needed. This coin existed since 1548. The shilling was already out of silver under the reign of George III and remained so until 1946. The silver shilling weighed 5.6552 grams. From 1947, the shilling was struck out of copper-nickel, until 1967, date of its disappearance. The florin Diameter : 28.5 mm ; Weight : 11,3 grams The silver coin of a florin was worth two shillings. There is an interisting fact to know concerning the English florin : this coin in the first attempt to introduce the decimal system into British coinage. The first florin appears in 1848 or 1849 and does not obtain a great success. It is in 1893, its diameter and its weight are definitively fixed. The silver florin weighed 11.3104 grams. The half-crown Diameter : 32.0 mm ; Weight : 14,1 grams The silver coin of an half-crown was worth two shillings and a half. The half-crown existed since 1551. This coin did not vary in proportions nor in diameter nor in weight from 1818 to 1946, its silver weight was 14.1380 grams. From 1947 to 1967, it was struck out of copper-nickel and disappeared from circulation when the decimalization was adopted. The crown Diameter : 39.0 mm ; Weight : 28,3 grams The silver coin of a crown was worth five shillings. The first English coin carrying this denomination appears in 1526, but it is a gold coin. It is in 1818, under George III, that a heavy silver coin is struck : it is called crown and is worth five shillings. The English silver crown will exist from the reign of George III to the one of George VI : the last English silver crown will be struck in 1937. Thereafter, in 1951 (festival of Great Britain), 195


The New York city of Yonkers is on which river?

From New York City to Yonkers along the Hudson River - Access Genealogy From New York City to Yonkers along the Hudson River Updated: January 6, 2014 | New York | 0 | Discover your family's story. Enter a grandparent's name to get started. Start Now This upper landing of the Hudson River Day Line has a beautiful location and is a great convenience to the dwellers of northern Manhattan. On leaving the pier the steel-arched structure of Riverside Drive is seen on the right. The valley here spanned, in the neighborhood of 127th Street, was once known as “Marritje Davids’ Fly,” and the local name for this part of New York above Claremont Heights is still known as “Manhattanville.” The Convent of the Sacred Heart is visible among the trees, and Trinity Cemetery’s Monuments soon gleam along the wooded bank. Among her distinguished dead is the grave of General John A. Dix whose words rang across the land sixty days before the attack on Fort Sumter: “If any man attempts to pull down the American flag shoot him on the spot.” The John A. Dix Post of New York comes hither each Decoration Day and garlands with imposing ceremonies his grave and the graves of their comrades. Near Carmansville was the home of Audubon, the ornithologist, and the residences above the cemetery are grouped together as Audubon Park. Near at hand is the New York Institute for the Deaf and Dumb, and pleasantly located near the shore the River House once known as West-End Hotel. Washington Heights Washington Heights rise in a bold bluff above Jeffrey’s Hook. After the withdrawal of the American army from Long Island, it became apparent to General Washington and Hamilton that New York would have to be abandoned. General Greene and Congress believed in maintaining the fort, but future developments showed that Washington was right. The American troops, so far as clothing or equipment was concerned, were in a pitiable condition, and the result of the struggle makes one of the darkest pages of the war. On the 12th of November Washington started from Stony Point for Fort Lee and arrived the 13th, finding to his disappointment that General Greene, instead of having made arrangements for evacuating, was, on the contrary, reinforcing Fort Washington. The entire defense numbered only about 2000 men, mostly militia, with hardly a coat, to quote an English writer, “that was not out at the elbows.” “On the night of the 14th thirty flat-bottomed boats stole quietly up the Hudson, passed the American forts undiscovered, and made their way through Spuyten Duyvil Creek into Harlem River. The means were thus provided for crossing that river, and landing before unprotected parts of the American works.” According to Irving, “On the 15th General Howe sent a summons to surrender, with a threat of extremities should he have to carry the place by assault.” Magaw, in his reply, intimated a doubt that General Howe would execute a threat “so unworthy of himself and the British nation; but give me leave,” added he, “to assure his Excellency, that, actuated by the most glorious cause that mankind ever fought in, I am determined to defend this post to the very last extremity.” “Apprised by the colonel of his peril, General Greene sent over reinforcements, with an exhortation to him to persist in his defense; and dispatched an express to General Washington, who was at Hackensack, where the troops from Peekskill were encamped. It was nightfall when Washington arrived at Fort Lee. Greene and Putnam were over at the besieged fortress. He threw himself into a boat, and had partly crossed the river, when he met those Generals returning. They informed him of the garrison having been reinforced, and assured him that it was in high spirits, and capable of making a good defense. It was with difficulty, however, they could prevail on him to return with them to the Jersey shore, for he was excessively excited.” “Early the next morning, Magaw made his dispositions for the expected attack. His forces, with the recent addition, amounted to nearly three thousand men. As the fort could not contain above a