Which hollywood sex symbol, star of Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, died in 2011, aged 89?

Sex symbol of the '40s and '50s Jane Russell dies - Telegraph Film news Sex symbol of the '40s and '50s Jane Russell dies Jane Russell, the Hollywood sex symbol who starred in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes  alongside Marilyn Monroe, has died aged 89, her family said. Follow Russell, best known as the buxom star of 1940s and 1950s films, died of respiratory problems at her home in Santa Maria, central California, according to Etta Waterfield, her daughter-in-law. The actress, who later in life was the "full-figured girl" in television brassiere ads, was at her best in comedies that, subtly or not, spoofed her sexpot image and focused on her figure. She was "spotted" by the multimillionaire film producer-cum-industrialist Howard Hughes who placed her in her first movie, The Outlaw, which stuck her with the sexpot image based on her chest, which was excitedly described at the time as a size 38D. In the photos, the sultry Russell languished on a bed of straw, looking petulant as her tight-fitting peasant blouse slipped off one shoulder. Censors delayed the release of The Outlaw for almost three years before a limited release in 1943. The promotional material was so striking that in one poll Russell was voted "favorite actress" before the voters had even seen her act. Reviews of The Outlaw and many of her films were less kind with one critic calling her "the queen of motionless pictures." Related Articles


100 degrees Celsius is how many degrees Fahrenheit?

Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit | Kyle's Converter 1 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 33.8 70 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 158 2 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 35.6 80 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 176 3 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 37.4 90 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 194 4 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 39.2 100 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 212 5 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 41 200 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 392 6 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 42.8 300 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 572 7 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 44.6 400 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 752 8 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 46.4 500 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 932 9 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 48.2 600 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 1112 10 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 50 800 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 1472 20 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 68 900 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 1652 30 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 86 1,000 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 1832 40 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 104 10,000 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 18032 50 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 122 100,000 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 180032 60 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 140 1,000,000 Degrees Celsius to Degrees Fahrenheit = 1800032 Similar Temperature Units


Which online music service announced in March 2011 achieving one million paying subscribers across Europe, of a total exceeding 10 million users?

Onkyo USA ONKYO’S NEW ‘SBT-A500 NETWORK SURROUND SOUND BAR SYSTEM’ A PERFECT SOUND SOLUTION FOR GAMES, MUSIC AND MOVIES UPPER SADDLE RIVER, NJ, January 6, 2017 – Power and simplicity combine for massive sound with a minimalist profile as Onkyo USA today announced the SBT-A500 Network Surround Sound Bar System. On display in the Venetian Bassano Room #2601 during CES 2017, the SBT-A500 features Dolby Atmos immersive audio as well as DTS:X™ playback, along with user-friendly wireless audio features such as Chromecast built-in*1, DTS Play-Fi® technology*1, AirPlay®, and FireConnect™*2 multi-room distribution. The SBT-A500 ships this month with an MSRP of $999 MSRP in USA and $1,399 in Canada. In addition to providing immersive object-based audio to the latest in video and gaming entertainment, the three-piece system offers key advantages over similar products, starting with its low 2.1” profile for an unimpeded view of the TV screen. The wall-mountable sound bar connects to a separate, slim Network A/V Receiver via multichannel audio cable, with authentic full-scale power delivered to precision drivers (comprising two speakers each for the left, right, and center channels, plus single height speakers) by a discrete digital amplification system. Together with wireless subwoofer, this single-cable sound bar design results in neat and clean installation under the TV display. The receiver includes four HDMI® inputs to connect media players and game consoles, with all components and cabling easily concealed in an entertainment unit. TV connection comes via single 4K/60p HDMI cable with Audio Return Channel, allowing the SBT-A500 to enhance broadcast TV audio. The SBT-A500 also achieves a deeply satisfying stereo performance with a choice of network audio options, and includes a pair of upward firing speakers that conform to the Dolby Atmos standard for overhead sound reproduction of object and channel based content. The sound bar will support DTS Play-Fi technology that collects music (streaming services, local files, or network-attached audio) into a simple interface for casting to Wi-Fi®-enabled speakers, and supports multiple streams to different speakers simultaneously without interruption. Chromecast built-in, AirPlay®, and dual-band 5 GHz/2.4 GHz Wi-Fi® provide for seamless app-based music casting, while Spotify® Connect lets subscribers stream direct from the Spotify® application. Bluetooth® connectivity completes a universal suite for wireless music streaming. Onkyo Controller app brings together wireless casting technologies, simplifies access to included TuneIn, TIDAL, and Pandora® services, and centralizes house-wide audio distribution to optional FireConnect™-ready wireless speakers. The easy-to-use app compliments on-screen GUI with system remote controls for each zone. With discrete dialog volume adjustment for DTS:X™ soundtracks, DTS Neural:X™ is also included to upmix standard multichannel audio to 3D sound. The SBT-A500 also supports a Dolby Surround upmixer, which decodes and directs sounds to all of the speakers in the sound bar including up-firing capabilities to provide a higher sense of immersion from all channel-based content. Dolby Audio adds a new Surround Enhancer technology that wraps sound around the audience by creating virtual rear speakers. The addition of Dolby Atmos delivers captivating sound that places and moves audio anywhere in the room, including overhead, to bring entertainment to life all around the audience. Whether you are listening to music, movies, television shows or playing your favorite video games, Dolby Atmos delivers the full impact of the entertainment experience. Rounded out with a 40-preset FM tuner, AV sync function and L/R tone controls, the SBT-A500’s feature set approaches that of a full-sized home theater in a decor-friendly package. Those attending CES 2017 can experience Onkyo’s latest offerings at the Venetian Bassano #2601. *1 Feature enabled following a firmware update. *2 Multi-room audio is realized by FireConnect™ technology. Requires optional FireConnect™-c


Mattel Inc closed its vast flagship retail store for what iconic product/brand in Shanghai, China, two years after its launch in 2009?

The Top 150 Global Licensors | License! Global The Top 150 Global Licensors May 01, 2014 This report is the most comprehensive guide to the world’s largest licensors, which represent $251.8 billion in retail sales of licensed merchandise worldwide. The Top 150 Global Licensors report provides retail sales data and trends for licensors in the entertainment, sports, apparel, corporate brands, art and non-profit sectors. By Tony Lisanti The Top 150 Global Licensors accounted for $251.8 billion in retail sales of licensed products worldwide in 2013 versus almost $230 billion in 2012 as a result of several licensors reporting significant increases in retail sales and new licensors that joined the rankings. The Top 10 Global Licensors reported an increase in retail sales of more than $14 billion, jumping from $112 billion in 2012 to $126.9 billion in 2013, accounting for slightly more than 50 percent of overall licensed product retail sales. A total of 59 global licensors reported retail sales of $1 billion or more, up from 56 licensors in 2012, representing $225 billion in retail sales or 90 percent of total licensed product retail sales. It is important to point out that the total year-over-year increase in retail sales is attributable to several factors–real growth of the licensors, acquisitions and the addition of new licensors. It provides a true picture of the significance of brand licensing and its importance and contribution to the overall retail industry. In this year's report, 12 new licensors have joined the rankings, representing a combined total of almost $7 billion in retail sales of licensed merchandise in 2013. The new licensors are Ford, National Football League Players, Inc., Discovery Consumer Products, Dr. Seuss, A+E Networks, Ironman, Briggs & Stratton, Wolfgang Puck Worldwide, Skechers, Crocs, Kathy Davis Studios and Green Gold TV. There are several familiar licensors that are no longer individually broken out within the ranking as they have been incorporated into their respective parent company's listing, either the result of a corporate decision or acquisition–ESPN and Disney ABC Television are now included with parent company Disney, for example, and HIT Entertainment is now included with Mattel. Last year, three major licensors were removed from the list but remain viable operating divisions of other major licensors. They include Lucas Licensing, now part of Disney; Classic Media, now part of DreamWorks; and Lazytown, which is part of Turner Enterprises. The Top 150 Global Licensors experienced a few changes this year in the Top 10 as several companies reported strong increases in retail sales in 2013. Here's a breakdown of the Top 10 Global Licensors: Disney Consumer Products, once again with the distinction as the world's largest licensor, reported a total of $40.9 billion in retail sales of licensed merchandise worldwide in 2013 and includes companies Marvel, Lucasfilm, ABC Television and ESPN. PVH Corp., which reported $13 billion in retail sales in 2012, jumped to No. 2 this year, reporting $18 billion in retail sales in 2013, attributed in large part to the acquisition of The Warnaco Group/Calvin Klein. Meredith, which joined the Top 150 last year for the first time at No. 4, moved up one spot to No. 3, reporting retail sales of $16.6 billion ($11 billion in 2012). For more on this dynamic company, see this issue's cover story on page 64. Iconix Brand Group, which sat at No. 2 in 2012 with a reported $13 billion in retail sales, dropped two spots to No. 4, reporting $13 billion again. Mattel, which reported $7 billion in retail sales in 2012, ranks No. 5 on this year's report. The company reported $9 billion in retail sales for 2013 with the inclusion of HIT Entertainment, which last year ranked at No. 27 with $2 billion in retail sales. Sanrio, Inc., which added $1 billion in retail sales over the prior year, reported $8 billion in retail sales, putting the company at No. 6. Warner Bros. Consumer Products remains at No. 7 once again, reporting $6 billion in retail sales. Major League Baseball a


In which European city are the headquarters of the European Central Bank?

European Central Bank too big for new headquarters building | City A.M. Monday 11 November 2013 5:18am European Central Bank too big for new headquarters building Share Tim Wallace is a former City A.M. reporter. Follow Tim Tim Wallace THE EUROPEAN Central Bank (ECB) will not be able to fit all of its staff into its new headquarters, it said over the weekend. The institution is expanding as it is being given more powers to oversee the Eurozone’s banking system, requiring another 1,000 staff. It had not forseen the expansion when it commissioned the new building, which has been under construction since 2010. The building in Frankfurt is also running over budget – according to Der Spiegel it is likely to cost at least €1.15bn (£960m), more than double the £500m initially planned. “The ECB has decided to continue to rent one of its current buildings, the Eurotower, to house its supervisory staff,” the ECB said. “This decision means that the ECB will maintain its link with the Eurotower in Frankfurt, together with the large euro symbol in front of it, which has become something of a landmark not only for the ECB but also for the city of Frankfurt.” Share


Which Jewish holiday is also known as the Day of Atonement?

Yom Kippur - Day of Atonement - יום כפור | Hebcal Jewish Calendar Yom Kippur Yom Kippur / יום כפור Yom Kippur (Hebrew: יוֹם כִּפּוּר or יום הכיפורים), Also known as Day of Atonement, is the holiest day of the year for the Jews. Its central themes are atonement and repentance. Jews traditionally observe this holy day with a 25-hour period of fasting and intensive prayer, often spending most of the day in synagogue services. Yom Kippur completes the annual period known in Judaism as the High Holy Days (or sometimes "the Days of Awe"). Yom Kippur begins at sundown on Fri, 29 September 2017.


The Tinikling, a dance using bamboo poles, is the (or a) main national dance of which 7,000-island nation?

Folk Dance Folk Dance   Joomla Website Tutorial INTRODUCTION AND DANCES Countries in the world have their own cultures made more colorful, beautiful and vibrant because of Folk Dances that are reflection of who they are. In the east, the Chinese have their symbolic Dragon Dance, the Japanese have the ancestral dance Bon Odori. In the west the Americans have their Square Dance. On the other hand, the Philippines will not be left behind. "The Pearl of The Orient" boast of a variety of Filipino Folk Dances. The Philippines consist of 7107 islands, and is broken down in three groups of islands. The Luzon, Mindanao, and Visayas. Each of these regions contain different languages,history, religion, and traditions. With each region having different influence in their arts, crafts, and an historical dances. Lets take a trip through each region and explore the different styles, costumes, Dances and Talents from Each Region.... As we explore each of the regions and styles, please remember a lot of these Cultural and Folk dances represents hardships and daily back breaking tasks, that has turned into an art form. Many of the dances you will read about here were actual activities or chores that the Filipino endured to survive the poor economy and state of the nation. List of Philippine Folk Dances The Philippines enjoys a rich cultural heritage which includes a diverse collection of traditional dances. From the well-known national dance the Tinikling, which pays homage to the movements of a much-loved bird, to dances that reflect elements of daily Philippine life, these folk dances all offer a glimpse into the history of the country. Traditional Folk Dances of the Philippines The Philippines has many popular folk dances which have evolved and changed as they have been passed down from generation to generation. Although a particular dance might be performed slightly differently from one region to the next, its remains true to its roots. Here are some of the most popular dances from the region. The Itik-Itik The best description of the Itik-Itik is that the steps mimic the way a duck walks, as well as the way it splashes water on its back to attract a mate. According to popular tradition, the dance was created by a lady named Kanang who choreographed the steps while dancing at a baptismal party. The other guests copied her movements, and everyone liked the dance so much that it has been passed along ever since. The Tinikling The Tinikling is considered by many to be the Philippines' national dance. The dance's movements imitate the movement of the tikling bird as it walks around through tall grass and between tree branches. People perform the dance using bamboo poles. The dance is composed of three basic steps which include singles, doubles and hops. It looks similar to playing jump rope, except that the dancers perform the steps around and between the bamboo poles, and the dance becomes faster until someone makes a mistake and the next set of dancers takes a turn. The Sayaw sa Bangko   The Sayaw sa Bangko is performed on top of a narrow bench. Dancers need good balance as they go through a series of movements that include some impressive acrobatics. This dance traces its roots back to the areas of Pangapisan, Lingayen and Pangasinan. The Binasuan The Binasuan is an entertaining dance that is usually performed at festive social occasions like weddings and birthdays. Dancers carefully balance three half-filled glasses of rice wine on their heads and hands as they gracefully spin and roll on the ground. The dance originated in Bayambang in the Pangasinan province, and though it's usually performed alone, it can also become a competition between several dancers.  The Pandanggo sa Ilaw The Pandanggo sa Ilaw is similar to a Spanish Fandango, but the Pandanggo is performed while balancing three oil lamps - one on the head, and one in each hand. It's a lively dance that originated on Lubang Island. The music is in 3/4 time and is usually accompanied by castanets. The Pandanggo Oasiwas The Pandanggo Oasiwas is similar to the Pandanggo sa Ilaw,


The Hallé Orchestra, named after its Anglo-German founder (born Karl Halle) is based in which city?

Linari Classic - Musicians NAOMIE ATHERTON Horn Naomi studied at the Royal Northern College of Music during    which time she won the Brass Final in the 1984 "BBC Young Musician of the    Year" competition. Following this, she undertook a variety of engagements    including concertos with the BBC Philharmonic and Ulster Orchestras, and    performances of Britten's Serenade for Tenor, Horn and Strings with both    Robert Tear and Neil Mackie. Chamber music now accounts for most of Naomi's    work. She is also principal horn with the Northern Chamber Orchestra JEROEN DEN HERDER Viola After completing his studies at the conservatory of Amsterdam    with Dmitri Ferschtman, and in London with Christopher Bunting, Jeroen was    leader of the Cello Octet Conjunto Ib&#233rico, a group with a worldwide       reputation as a full time cello ensemble. Since 1999 he is a member of the    'Nieuw Ensemble', one of the leading Dutch chamber music groups for    contemporary music. He is winner of several prizes, including the first prize in the 'Postbank    Sweelinck' competition in 1992 and the first prize of the Foundation of the    Royal Concertgebouw, Amsterdam. He is a very active chamber music player, performing with musicians like    Janine Jansen, Isabelle van Keulen, Anner Bijlsma and Michael Collins,    giving concerts in more then 25 countries in places like Wigmore Hall    (London), Lincoln Centre (New York), Concertgebouw (Amsterdam) and Palais    des Beaux Arts (Bruxelles). Jeroen is cello professor at both the conservatories of Amsterdam and    Rotterdam, and artistic leader of the 'Cello Biennale' in Holland. He joined the Ruysdael Quartet in March 2005. SANNE VAN DER HORST Cello Sanne van der Horst ( 1978 ) started to play the cello with Mechteld Lindeboom and    studied in the preliminary training with Paul Uyterlinde at the Conservatory of Enschede.    During 1997-2002 she studied for her Bachelor with Marien van Staalen at the Royal Conservatory    in The Hague. In 2001 Sanne studied for three months with Jerome Pernoo and Jennifer Ward-Clarke    ( baroque cello ) as an exchange student at The Royal College of Music in London. From 2002    until her Master exam in May 2004 she continued her study with Harro Ruysenaars at the Royal    Conservatory in The Hague. Sanne experienced playing in a orchestra, a.o. in The National Youth    Orchestra and took part in several chamber music programs during different tours. For 8,5 years    she was the cellist of The Rodin Pianotrio. She is frequently playing in The Residentie Orchestra    ( The Hague), the Rotterdam Philharmonic Orchestra and in the Brabants Orchestra ( Eindhoven).    In the spring of 2006 she performed as a cellist in the music theatre production 'Snow White' with    Loes Luca and Paul R. Kooij, directed by Pieter Kramer. Since two years she is one of the cellists    of The Aeolus Cello Quartet. Sanne plays on a cello by B.S. Fendt ( 1825) with a bow by D. ter Berg    ( 1974) loaned to her by The National Music Instrument Foundation. PIETRU HORVATH Violin Nato nel Transilvania a Cluj in 1957, Ladislau Pietro Horvath rappresenta    la quinta generazione di musicisti nella sua famiglia. Ha iniziato lo studio del violino    sotto la guida del padre. Si e laureato all'Accademia di Musica George Enescu col massimo    dei voti a Bucarest nella classe del M&#176Modest Iftinchi ed ha partecipato a Concorsi    internazionali di violino (Markneukirchen, 1979, P.I.Tschaikowski, Mosca 1986). Ha    continuato il perfezionamento dell'arte violinistica con maestri di prestigio come Stefan    Gheorghiu, Heinz Schunk, Semion Snitkovski, Stefan Ruha e Gy&#246rgy Kurtag. Ha iniziato la sua    carriera come solista e musicista da camera, vincendo diversi premi in concorsi nazionali    in Romania. BENJAMIN HUDSON Bassoon He studied on the joint course at the Royal Northern College of Music and Manchester University with David


What 1986 disaster caused pollution across Europe by the radioactive isotope caesium-137, which at least 25 years later still required livestock to be scanned on some UK upland farms?

Chernobyl, 25 years on: cash plea for new roof to contain deadly remains | Environment | The Guardian Chernobyl, 25 years on: cash plea for new roof to contain deadly remains Britain urged to contribute £43m of £640m cost as Ukraine marks anniversary of world's worst nuclear accident A visitor walks through the control centre of the damaged fourth reactor at Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Photograph: Gleb Garanich/Reuters Sunday 27 February 2011 12.53 EST First published on Sunday 27 February 2011 12.53 EST Close This article is 5 years old Britain is coming under increasing pressure to provide Ukraine with an extra €50m (£43m) to construct a new contamination shield over the top of the stricken Chernobyl nuclear plant before the old one collapses. Officials from the European commission said governments around the world were being urged to find €750m to help build a more sophisticated roof over the burnt-out reactor and storage for 200 tonnes of highly radioactive fuel. Jean-Paul Joulia, from the commission's nuclear safety unit, admitted the cost of just this aspect of the Chernobyl clean-up was running at €1.5bn – double the original estimate – partly due to "some delays" to some projects. But he said he was confident that foreign governments would stump up the money needed for the shield, even in today's financially difficult climate. "I am optimistic the international community is committed to this. It is important for a number of reasons," he said. The disaster at Chernobyl, on 26 April 1986, is recognised as the world's worst nuclear accident. One of the power station's reactors exploded and the subsequent fire spewed a radioactive cloud across Europe . The accident claimed the lives directly of at least 50 people, mainly fire crews and nuclear workers who tried to fight the fire on the fateful night. Radioactive fallout is believed to have caused many other deaths from thyroid cancer and related illnesses, with an eventual death toll estimated at anywhere between 4,000 and 200,000. The disaster also triggered the relocation of tens of thousands of local people, some of whom have never been allowed back to the contaminated towns. The accident and its aftermath have resonance currently as new nuclear plants are being planned in Britain and other parts of Europe. Nuclear power was heavily discredited for some time after Chernobyl because the accident pointed to the enormous dangers associated with it. Ukraine and foreign contributors have already spent more than €750m trying to make safe the nuclear plant. The UK has so far provided €53.1m to help build the new shield and is under pressure to stump up a further €50m, although Ukrainian sources said no money had yet been promised. With the 25th anniversary approaching, the European commission is encouraging governments to make public new cash commitments in advance of a "pledging" conference scheduled for one week before the April anniversary. The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, which has been overseeing the spending of the money at Chernobyl, admitted squeezing out more money at this time was a "big challenge". Vince Novak, a director of the nuclear safety department of the EBRD in London, said the design life of the temporary shield thrown up by the-then Soviet Union in the immediate aftermath of the accident in 1986 "runs out" in 2016. A new moveable barrier would be one of the world's biggest engineering feats due to its size and innovative features. The work will be done by a consortium involving Bechtel, the US firm which has worked on the London Underground and the Channel tunnel. The current shield has been propped up by a series of new steel columns but experts working on the project accept that the structure is barely adequate and needs replacing as quickly as possible. The barrier is sitting over the top of what remains of a deeply radioactive reactor core, but also covers the vast bulk of the fuel from the plant which has seeped into the concrete floor. A new permanent shield would prevent rain from getting into the old plant but also all


The liqueur sambuca originates from which European country?

Home Distillation of Alcohol (Homemade Alcohol to Drink) Spanish - Madrono (with diacritical mark over the n) French - Arbousier Italian - Corbezzolo, Albatro It is an evergreen shrub or small tree of 1-5 metres with dark red fruit of 25 mmm diameter and which weigh between 4-8 grams. It is distributed mainly in the Eastern Mediterranean area, but also occurs as a survivor of the Ice Age in Southern Ireland. The mature fruit contains over 15% sugar and 0.66% malic acid, and because of its high sugar content, the fruit is used to make marmelade and is fermented to make wine which is also distilled to make a clear eau-de-vie. The fruit is also macerated in grappa/orujo to make a liqueur. 'Aguardente de Medronho' or simply 'Medronho' is a spirit unique to the Portuguese Algarve province, where it generally is a product of home distillation and is sold "unofficially". A Portuguese site says that it is produced by fermenting 5 parts of fruit with 1 part water for over 2 weeks and then distilling to a strength of 50%abv. See: http://www.gastronomias.com/bar-bebidas/frutos.htm . The Portuguese 'Brandymel' also from Algarve, is made with medronho sweetened with honey. On the French island of Corsica they make a 'Liqueur a l'Arbouse' and a sweeter 'Creme d'Arbouse'. On the Italian island of Sardinia they make an 'Acquavita di Corbezzolo' similar to the Portuguese 'Aguardente de Medronho', and also a 30%abv liqueur, 'Liquore di Corbezzolo (di Sardegna)' while another distillery makes a 24%abv liqueur called 'Fior di Corbezzolo'. I also came across a Spanish recipe for a 'Licor de Madrono' which looks rather sweet - Madrono Liqueur (Strawberry Tree fruit liqueur) 1 kg strawberry tree fruit 1 litre alcohol (50%bv) 250 ml water 0.5 kg to 1 kg sugar Wash fruit and place in large glass jar. Dissolve sugar in hot water to make a sugar syrup. Pour alcohol and cold sugar syrup over fruit in jar. Leave to macerate for 6 months. Filter and bottle. I have not come across any reference to the fruit of the Strawberry Tree being used to make alcoholic beverages in Ireland, and as it is now also grown in England, there is an interesting source of fermentable fruit for Britain. http://homedistiller.org     This page last modified Tue, 20 Jan 2015 20:51:05 -0800


The Scoville Scale is used to measure the heat of what?

Scoville Scale Organoleptic Test Scoville Scale Organoleptic Test Scoville Scale Organoleptic Test Scoville Organoleptic Test Naga Jolokia peppers are extremely hot, with a heat of over one million Scoville units.  Gannon anjo, public domain By Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D. Updated August 14, 2015. The Scoville scale is a measure of the pungency or spicy heat of chili peppers and other chemicals. Here is how the scale is determined and what it means. Origin of the Scoville Scale The Scoville scale is named for American pharmacist Wilbur Scoville, who devised the Scoville Organoleptic Test in 1912 as a measure of the amount of capsaicin in hot peppers. Capsaicin is the chemical responsible for most of the spicy heat of peppers and certain other foods. Scoville Organoleptic Test or Scoville Scale To perform the Scoville Organoleptic Test, an alcohol extract of capsaicin oil from a dried pepper is mixed with a solution of water and sugar to the point where a panel of taste-testers can barely detect the heat of the pepper. The pepper is assigned Scoville units based on how much the oil was diluted with water in order to reach this point. As an example, if a pepper has a Scoville rating of 50,000, that means capsaicin oil from that pepper was diluted 50,000 times before the testers could just barely detect the heat. continue reading below our video What are the Seven Wonders of the World The higher the Scoville rating, the hotter the pepper. Tasters on the panel taste one sample per session, so that they results from one sample don't interfere with subsequent testing. Even so, the test is subjective because it relies on human taste, so it is inherently imprecise. Scoville ratings for peppers also change according to a type of pepper's growing conditions (especially humidity and soil), maturity, seed lineage and other factors. The Scoville rating for a type of pepper may vary naturally by a factor of 10 or more. Scoville Scale and Chemicals The hottest hot pepper on the Scoville scale probably is the Trinidad Moruga Scorpion pepper, with a Scoville rating of around 1.6 million Scoville units (compared with 16 million Scoville units for pure capsaicin). Other extremely hot and pungent peppers include the naga jolokia or bhut jolokia and its cultivars, the Ghost chili and Dorset naga. However, other plants produce spicy hot chemicals which can be measured using the Scoville scale, including piperine from black pepper and gingerol from ginger. The 'hottest' chemical is resiniferatoxin, which comes from a species of resin spurge, a cactus-like plant found in Morocco. Resiniferatoxin has a Scoville rating a thousand times hotter than pure capsaicin from hot peppers, or over 16 billion Scoville units! ASTA Pungency Units Because the Scoville test is subjective, the American Spice Trade Association (ASTA) uses high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to accurately measure the concentration of spice-producing chemicals. The value is expressed in ASTA Pungency Units, where different chemicals are mathematically weighted according to their capacity to produce a sensation of heat. The conversion for ASTA Pungency Units to Scoville heat units is that ASTA pungency units are multiplied by 15 to give equivalent Scoville units (1 ASTA pungency unit = 15 Scoville units). Even though HPLC gives an accurate measurement of the chemical concentration, the conversion to Scoville units is a little 'off', since converting ASTA Pungency Units to Scoville Units yields a value from 20-50% lower than the value from the original Scoville Organoleptic Test.


Eutrophication is the addition of natural or artificial nutrients to what, causing plant growth?

Eutrophication - humans, body, used, water, process, life, plants, chemical Eutrophication City vs City: Compare cities in the U.S. by population, crime, education and other data. Compare: Go! Photo by: Arvind Balaraman Eutrophication (pronounced you-tro-fi-KAY-shun) is a natural process that    occurs in an aging lake or pond as that body of water gradually builds up    its concentration of plant nutrients. Cultural or artificial    eutrophication occurs when human activity introduces increased amounts of    these nutrients,    which speed up plant growth and eventually choke the lake of all of its    animal life. In nature, eutrophication is a common phenomenon in freshwater ecosystems    and is really a part of the normal aging process of many lakes and ponds.    Some never experience it because of a lack of warmth and light, but many    do. Over time, these bodies of freshwater change in terms of how    productive or fertile they are. While this is different for each lake or    pond, those that are naturally fed rich nutrients from a stream or river    or some other natural source are described as "eutrophic," meaning they are nutrient-rich and therefore abundant in plant and animal    life. Eutrophication is not necessarily harmful or bad, and the word    itself is often translated from the Greek as meaning "well    nourished" or "good food." However, eutrophication    can be speeded up artificially, and then the lake and its inhabitants    eventually suffer as the input of nutrients increases far beyond what the    natural capacity of the lake should be. Words to Know Algae: Single-celled or multicellular plants or plantlike organisms that     contain chlorophyll, thus making their own food by photosynthesis. Algae     grow mainly in water. Nitrate: A salt or ester of nitric acid, which is a transparent corrosive liquid     composed of nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen. Phosphate: A salt or ester of a phosphoric acid, which is any of three acids that     are formed when the oxide of phosphorus reacts with water. Too much of a good thing Natural eutrophication is usually a fairly slow and gradual process,    occurring over a period of many centuries. It occurs naturally when for    some reason, production and consumption within the lake do not cancel each    other out and the lake slowly becomes overfertilized. While not rare in    nature, it does not happen frequently or quickly. However, artificial or    human-caused eutrophication has become so common that the word    eutrophication by itself has come to mean a very harmful increase and    acceleration of nutrients. It is as if something receives too much    fertilizer or has too much of what is a good thing. Humans increase the rate of eutrophication Human activities almost always result in the creation of waste, and many    of these waste products often contain nitrates and phosphates. Nitrates    are a compound of nitrogen, and most are produced by bacteria. Phosphates    are phosphorous compounds. Both nitrates and phosphates are absorbed by    plants and are needed for growth. However, the human use of detergents and    chemical fertilizers has greatly increased the amount of nitrates and    phosphates that are washed into our lakes and ponds. When this occurs in a    sufficient quantity, they act like fertilizer for plants and algae and    speed up their rate of growth. Algae are a group of plantlike organisms that live in water and can make    their own food through photosynthesis (using sunlight to make food from    simple chemicals). When additional phosphates are added to a body of    water, the plants begin to grow explosively and algae takes off or "blooms." In the process, the plants and algae consume    greater amounts of oxygen in the water, robbing fish and other species of    necessary oxygen. All algae eventually die, and when they do, oxygen is required by bacteria    in order for them to decompose or break down


Alberto Grando, who died in 2011 aged 88, was whose motorcycle companion in the 1950s?

Alberto Granado obituary | World news | The Guardian Alberto Granado obituary Travelling companion of Che Guevara during their trip around Latin America in 1951-52 Alberto Granado was taken on as an adviser by Walter Salles, the director of the 2004 film The Motorcycle Diaries, based on his and Guervara's journey. Photograph: Photos 12/Alamy Share on Messenger Close Alberto Granado, who has died aged 88, was a biochemist from Argentina whose name became indelibly associated with that of Che Guevara , his revolutionary friend and former travelling companion. Their travels together through Latin America in the early 1950s were given fresh currency more than half a century later in Walter Salles's popular film, The Motorcycle Diaries (2004). Both men wrote diaries of their journey that fed into the creation of the myths associated with Guevara's life and death. Granado was born in the Argentinian province of Córdoba, the son of an impoverished Spanish immigrant and trade unionist who worked on the railways. He became friendly with the teenage Guevara largely because Alberto's younger brother, Tomás, was at school in Córdoba with the future revolutionary; Guevara was soon enrolled in a rugby team that Alberto had organised. Granado was six years older than Guevara, but they shared literary and political interests, combined with a romantic enthusiasm for foreign travel. Coming from a leftwing, working-class family, Granado was already a Marxist. He was briefly imprisoned for anti-Peronist activities in 1943. He studied biochemistry at Córdoba University and then went to work in the laboratory of a provincial leprosarium, in the years when Guevara was studying medicine in Buenos Aires. The two men remained friends, often discussing such urgent topics as the development of Britain's national health service during Clement Attlee's government, but their particular passion was for trips abroad. When Granado abandoned his job at the leprosarium, Guevara willingly agreed to give up his medical studies to engage in a foreign adventure. In December 1951, the two young men set off together on a journey through Latin America on Granado's motorcycle, a 1939 Norton 500cc nicknamed La Poderosa II ("The Mighty One"). After a couple of months' travelling through the south of Argentina and Chile, the motorcycle finally broke down and was abandoned in Santiago. The two travellers were obliged to make their way north by ship, bus and riverboat. Granado later recalled that "the trip would not have been as useful and beneficial as it was, as a personal experience, if the motorcycle had held out ... This gave us a chance to become familiar with the people. We worked, took on jobs to make money and continue travelling ... We hauled merchandise, carried sacks, worked as sailors, cops and doctors." After arriving eventually in Venezuela in the summer of 1952, Guevara headed off to Miami while Granado decided to stay behind. He secured a job in the laboratory of the Cabo Blanco leprosarium in Maiquetía. Three years later he went to Europe, with a scholarship to the Istituto Superiore di Sanità in Rome, and travelled through France and Spain. On his return to Caracas, he married his Venezuelan girlfriend, Delia Duque, and transferred to the school of biochemistry at the university there. After the victory of the Cuban revolutionaries in 1959, Granado was invited to Havana by Guevara, and he moved there with his family and took a job in the medicine faculty at the university of Havana. In 1962 he co-founded a new medical school in Santiago de Cuba. In those years he helped Guevara organise a guerrilla movement in Argentina. He made contact with Ciro Bustos, an Argentinian artist who had come to Cuba attracted by the revolution, and also worked with an Argentinian journalist, Jorge Masetti, who had set up the Cuban news agency Prensa Latina. Bustos and Masetti helped prepare the future Argentinian guerrilla force that would be led by Masetti. Granado travelled to Buenos Aires in 1962 to revive old contacts in the Argentinian Communist party, seeking to r


Which is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas?

A Study Of The Country Brazil EDUCATION Brazil The Federative Republic of Brazil is simultaneously South America’s largest country (by both population and geographical size) as well as one of its most diverse and fascinating. It is filled to the brim with intriguing people, plants and animals as well as liberal doses of history, religion, culture and sporting greatness. The most densely populated parts of Brazil are in the south-central regions, which include major urban conglomerates like Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.   Because of the rapid growth experienced by this country in terms of urban development, industrialisation and population at the beginning of the 21st century, Brazil is facing a number of social, environmental and political challenges. Classic view of iconic sidewalk pattern, palm trees, and bright blue sky at Ipanema Beach, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. However, it is also because of this growth that it is doing so well in terms of its economy. In fact, it is one of the world’s largest and most significant economies. It is also the only Portuguese-speaking country in both North and South America. This Portuguese heritage dates back to the 1700’s, when Brazil was first colonised by this European nation. During its rich and complex history, slavery was a major part of the Brazilian heritage, although this was never formally recorded in the annals of history. Slaves were brought to the country across the Pacific Ocean from Africa. Therefore, there is also a large proportion of Brazilian inhabitants that have an African heritage. Others of European and Asian descent immigrated to Brazil in the 19th century. These ones were mainly from Japan, Poland, Spain, Italy and Germany. Therefore, this country is now a melting pot of ethnic and cultural diversity. Despite such diversity, Brazil maintains strong national pride and religious devotion. The vast majority, approximately 75%, of the population is Roman Catholic, while the rest are largely Christian or subscribe to the various African-based beliefs. Brazil enjoys an extensive coastline that measures almost 7 500 kilometres (or more than 4 600 miles). Its other borders are made up of Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. In fact, Ecuador and Chile are the only South American countries with which Brazil does not share its borders. Brazil enjoys an extensive coastline that measures almost 7 500 kilometres (or more than 4 600 miles). Its other borders are made up of Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. In fact, Ecuador and Chile are the only South American countries with which Brazil does not share its borders There are various groups of islands that also belong to Brazil, such as Saint Peter, Trindade and Fernando de Noronha, amongst others. Its entire area measures exactly 8 514 876.599 square kilometres or 3 287 612 square miles. Apart from being geographically large, Brazil is also naturally diverse. It comprises dense rain forests and jungles, expanses of coastline, towering mountains, oceanic archipelagos (or clusters of islands), rivers, scrublands and rolling plains. Because of such a variation in habitats available to plants and animals, Brazil boasts a rich array of fauna and flora. Copon Building, "S" shape, a landmark in the center of São Paulo city, Brazil. In fact, scientists estimate that this South American country is home to about four million different species. Particularly extensive are this country’s populations of birds and amphibians. In terms of the local culture, Brazil continues to be influenced by the traditions and customs of the Portuguese. This is evident in the architecture, music, literature, cuisine, dance, religion and theatre of the country. Being home to the Amazon Rainforest, many other such natural wonders, cultural attractions and historical remnants makes Brazil a fascinating tourist destination and home. As the Host Country for the 2016 Summer Olympics, it is guaranteed an influx of travellers and footba


Which US president in office 1945-53, is said to have coined the phrase 'If you can't stand the heat, get out of the kitchen' ?

The Greatest Quotes of all Time THE GREATEST QUOTES OF ALL TIME!   This list contains the funniest and most profound   thoughts from the greatest personalities of all time. While many were   borrowed from from Peggy Anderson's book, Great   Quotes from Great Leaders, many more   have been collected from a great number of different sources. Several of them are popular sound-bites and cliche's   today. It's interesting to know where they originated. Also, many   quotes from contemporary leaders are really paraphrasings of older quotes. THE FUNNIEST QUOTES OF ALL TIME:   David Mamet (1947-?   Famous American playwright and director.) Old   age and treachery will always beat youth and exuberance.   Mae West (1930s   movie star famous for her double entendres and pushing the limits of censorship.) I believe in   censorship... I made a fortune out of it. When I'm good, I'm very   good. When I'm bad I'm better. Too much of a good   thing can be wonderful. When choosing between   two evils, I always like to try the one I haven't tried before. She's the kind of girl   who climbed the ladder of success wrong by wrong. It's not the men in my   life that count, it's the life in my men. When women go wrong,   men go right after them. Ten men waiting for me   at the door? Send one home... I'm tired.   Albert Einstein (Physicist, 1879 - 1955)   The hardest thing in   the world to understand is the income tax. The difference between   stupidity and genius is that genius has its limits. Science is a wonderful   thing if one does not have to earn one's living at it.   Scott Adams (Cartoonist   - paraphrased from a comment made in his April 11, 2010 Dilbert   cartoon strip) The greatest injustice   is using the   law to keep justice at bay.   General Douglas   MacArthur ( American General, 1880   - 1964) Whoever said the pen   is mightier than the sword never encountered automatic weapons.   Eugene McCarthy (American politician, 1916 - 2005): The only thing that   saves us from bureaucracy is its inefficiency.   Reports of my death have been greatly exaggerated. Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain), in response to a   newspaper article in which he had been mistakenly reported to have   died. In fact it was a relative of his. Many subtle variations of   this quote are attributed to him. Some were the result of   paraphrasing by publishers, others by Mr. Clemens himself. Over the   years several famous actors have used this quote when their deaths   have been erroneously supposed. I believe the most famous may have   been when Clayton Moore, the TV Lone Ranger, sent it in a telegram to   Johnny Carson after Mr. Carson mentioned on his late night show that   he thought Mr. Moore had passed away.   Oscar Wilde (British   playwrite, 1854-1900): A man can't be too   careful in his choice of enemies. Youth is wasted on the   young. (Some sources credit this to George Bernard Shaw). Always forgive your   enemies; nothing annoys them so much. Fashion is a form of   ugliness so intolerable we have to alter it every six months. I can resiste   everything but temptation. Experience is the name   everyone gives to their mistakes. The only way to get rid   of temptation is to yield to it.   Thomas Edison (Considered that greatest inventor of all time, 1846   - 1931): I haven't failed. I've   just found 10,000 ways that won't work.   Ludwig Feuerbach: (1804-1872; German philosopher, theologian and author.) Man created God in his   own image.   Charles De Gaulle (French   general and statesman, 1890 - 1979): The graveyards are full   of indispensable men.   Children today are   tyrants. They contradict thier parents, gobble their food, and   tyrannize their teachers. Socrates (Greek [Athenian]   philosopher, 470-399 B.C.)   Come   quickly! I am tasting stars! Dom Perignon (French benadictine   monk, 1638-1715) at the moment of his discovering champagne.   Winston Churchill (British politician, 1874-1965): He has all the virtues   I dislike and none of th


The 'cardinal points' are the four main points on what?

Compass Rose Compass Rose Before compass roses were used on maps, lines were drawn from central points. These lines were hard to follow since there were usually many of these lines intersecting each other on one map. The rose design was typically drawn in a way that made it easier to follow the directional lines. Having good maps that were easier to read and which were developed using the magnetic compass made it much more efficient to trade for goods in far away lands and over the open seas. Direct routes could be established, and navigation in bad weather enabled transportation to take place year round instead of only on fair weather days during the warmer seasons.   Figure 1-Four examples of Compass Rose. About its design The four main points (cardinal directions) of the compass were derived from the wind rose: North, East, South, and West. This is also where the four half points originated (ordinal directions). Later, more points were developed to gain more precise bearings, until finally 32 points in total were used. Reciting all 32 points of the compass is called "boxing the compass". Red, blue, black, and green were the most common colors used in the compass rose. For the times, these colors were the easiest to distinguish in low light situations when using oil lamps. Naming all 32 points on the rose is called boxing the compass . Boxing the compass is the action of naming all thirty-two principal points of the compass in clockwise order. Such names, formed by the initials of the cardinal directions and their intermediate ordinal directions , are accepted internationally, even though they have their origin in the English language, and are very handy to refer to a heading (or course or azimuth ) in a general fashion, without having to resort to computing or recalling degrees. The set of 32 named points can be increased by another 32 directions using half-points. These are constructed by taking the more important of the two directions it lies between and adding a half-point deviation toward a cardinal point. For instance, the direction between numbers 1 (North) and 2 (North by East) is "North-half-East"; that between numbers 3 (North-Northeast) and 4 (Northeast by North) is "North-Northeast-half-East", and so on. The set of directions can be increased yet again to a set of 128 named directions using quarter-points,[1] although for communicating heading these fractional points have been superseded by degrees measured clockwise from North . #


Which long-standing cartoon characters made their debut in 'Puss Gets The Boot' in February 1940, called originally Jasper and Jinx?

Puss Gets the Boot Reviews & Ratings - IMDb IMDb 28 December 2016 6:33 PM, PST NEWS 9 out of 10 people found the following review useful: The first Tom and Jerry cartoon from Tucson AZ 6 March 2001 This short, nominated for an Oscar it should have won in 1940, is the first Tom and Jerry, for all that the cat's name is "Jasper". The Tom and Jerry cartoons generally break down into one of four eras: the early ones, when Rudolf Ising was involved, then the ones that Hanna and Barbera did with Fred Quimby producing, then the ones Chuck Jones did and finally the Gene Deitch efforts. Each had a different look and feel to them that make them instantly recognizable and unmistakable as to who did them. But the most remarkable transformation in appearance and style was the change between the early ones and the ones in the later 1940s. In every way, it's quite a change. This is the best of the early ones. Most recommended. Was the above review useful to you? 8 out of 9 people found the following review useful: The One that Started It All! from Your Critic of Critics 12 November 2002 On the 20th of February in the year 1940 William Hanna and Joseph Barbera along side Rudolph Ising did a little short about a cat chasing a mouse who gets the tables turned around. The premise seemed simple enough considering the fact that most Warner Bros. Cartoons were like that. But with the talent of Hanna-Barbera simple premise was turned into gold and they soon had a successful short and an Oscar Nomination. Since at the time MGM cartoons were either stupid musicals or Barney Bear shorts. The short "Puss Gets the Boot" seemed like good competition for the Warner shorts. So soon after Hanna-Barbera found themselves working on the wonderful Tom and Jerry shorts which they would continue to make for the next 15 years! This cartoon itself is not the best but it's still funny and contains a lot of great gags. 4(****)out of 4(****)stars A Great Start for the Tom and Jerry shorts! Was the above review useful to you? 7 out of 8 people found the following review useful: Okay, But Mainly For Historical Value from United States 24 July 2007 This is a historic cartoon in that it's the first ever Tom and Jerry. Actually, it's not even called that because Tom is "Jasper" in this one, and he looks different. His face is bigger and fuzzier. Actually, his whole body is furrier. When you are used to seeing these Looney Tunes cartoons from mostly the late '40s through the 1950s and then you see the beginning years, like in Bugs Bunny's case, it's strange to see how they look. We get comfortable and used to seeing our "friends" a certain way, so I always prefer that over these early renditions of a character. I've said the same about Bugs and Daffy Duck. Audio-wise, too, this is different in that Tom, when injured, makes screeching noises like an actual cat, which is not the norm for him. However, the joke in this cartoon is one that they would use over and over, no matter who was doing the writing or animating: the cat being told "if this happens one more time, you're outta here..." and Jerry hearing that and planning to make sure that happens. In this debut cartoon the threat by the maid and the threat is that if "Jasper" breaks one more object in the house, he's toast. For audiences in 1940, I'm sure this was very entertaining but for those of us who have seen at least 40-50 Tom and Jerry episodes, this is nothing we haven't seen done before and done much better. Overall: not bad but nothing special except for historical value. Was the above review useful to you? 2 out of 2 people found the following review useful: the greatest cartoon of them all followed by the cat and mouse duo from United States 1 September 2012 there was jasper the cat who tries to eat jerry, and chases him around the house, until jasper broke something, and mammy (originally lillian randolph, and the re-issued voice actor named thea vidale) warns jasper that if he breaks one more thing in this house, he is going out (o-u-w-t for lillian, and o-u-t for thea). this plot is absolutely ex


Butoh, a ritualistic emotional dance involving extreme movement and stillness is from which country?

Dance 101 | ArtsAlive.ca Dance Aerial Aerial dance refers to a theatrical production performed by dancers who are suspended in the air with the aid of apparatus such as ropes, lengths of cloth known as silks, straps or a trapeze. The difference between this form and a circus act is that in aerial dance artistic focus takes precedence over the virtuosity of the manoeuvers. Aeriosa Dance is often found in unexpected vertical environments like the rooftops of city buildings. African African dance comprises many traditional and modern dances, with great variation in style and form across the continent. In Africa, dance is closely related to music, mime, storytelling, costume and ritual. African children, who traditionally learn to drum and dance as early as they learn to walk, participate in public ceremonies alongside the adults. Often, a "call and response" dialogue occurs between dancer, drummer and spectators, which makes all parties integral to the event. Zab Maboungou , the artistic director of Nyata-Nyata , performs, teaches and writes about African dance.   Read Zab Maboungou's biography . Afro-Caribbean Afro-Caribbean dance has African roots fused with the multicultural influences of Caribbean dance, which come from African, Chinese, Spanish, South Asian and indigenous Caribbean peoples. Afro-Caribbean dance is typically joyful and free-spirited, and is often performed to Caribbean, Jamaican, highlife, jazz or soul music. Beginning in the 1930s, African-American Katherine Dunham created modern dance with major Afro-Caribbean influences. Patrick Parson of Ballet Creole creates contemporary Afro-Caribbean dance. Azerbaijani Azerbaijani dance has its roots in the diverse cultures of its region. Geographically connected to Russia, Armenia and Iran, Azerbaijan has a rich tradition of folk dances for men and women. These emphasize expression, mood and sometimes animal themes, and are generally performed to music with percussive and wind instruments. [Website icon] Sashar Dance Company performs Azerbaijani dance. Ballet Ballet is a theatrical dance form with a codified technique. Developed from court productions of the Renaissance, ballet was renewed under Louis XIV, who in 1661 established France's Académie Royale de Danse, where Pierre Beauchamps developed the five position s of the feet. Significant developments in the early 19th century included pointe work (balance on the extreme tip of the toe) and the emergence of the prima ballerina, exemplified by Marie Taglioni and Fanny Elssler . In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Russia became the centre of ballet production and performance through the work of innovators such as Serge Diaghilev , Anna Pavlova , Vaslav Nijinsky , Marius Petipa and Michel Fokine . Since then, ballet has appeared on stages and in dance schools around the world. Ballet in Canada got a huge boost when schools sent performance groups to the six Canadian Ballet Festivals that took place between 1948 and 1954. The country's first professional ballet company, The Royal Winnipeg Ballet , was founded in 1939. The National Ballet of Canada was founded in 1951, followed in 1955 by Les Ballets Chiriaeff, which in 1957 became Les Grands Ballets Canadiens, later renamed Les Grands Ballets Canadiens de Montréal . Meet the Artists : Learn about prominent Canadian and international ballet artists featured on this website. Watch interviews with ballet greats Celia Franca, Karen Kain, Veronica Tennant, André Lewis and Jean Grand-Maître. Watch videos by Veronica Tennant, as well as one featuring ballerina Evelyn Hart. Ballet has become diversified since its beginnings in the 1600s. A few of the many styles that have developed follow: Ballet d'action (dramatic ballet) is primarily designed to tell a story, generally a tragic one, using dance steps and mime. Jean-Georges Noverre of France and Gasparo Angiolini of Italy separately developed the ballet d'action in the 18th century. Ballet jazz is a contemporary fusion of the technical vocabulary of classical ballet and stylistic elements of jazz dance. Canada's


The Law of Large Numbers is a principle which seeks to explain what, commonly considered inexplicable?

Jack Donnelly, HUMAN RIGHTS AND STATE SOVEREIGNTY     Sovereignty and human rights typically are seen as fundamentally opposed:ï¿½ the rights of states pitted against the rights of individuals; 1648 (the Peace of Westphalia) versus 1948 (the Universal Declaration of Human Rights).ï¿½ Sovereignty entitles states to non-interference in their internal affairs.ï¿½ There would seem to be few more purely internal matters than how a state treats its own nationals on its own territory.ï¿½ But that is precisely the focus of internationally recognized human rights.ï¿½ International human rights obligations thus are regularly seen as ï¿½        assaulting (Mills 1998: 10; Clapham 1999: 533; Cardenas 2002: 57), ï¿½        challenging (Aceves 2002; Butenhoff 2003: 215-216), ï¿½        besieging (Weiss and Chopra 1995), ï¿½        undermining (Schwab and Pollis 2000: 214), ï¿½        busting (Lutz 1997: 652), ï¿½        weakening (Jacobsen and Lawson 1999), ï¿½        chipping away at (Kearns 2001: 522), ï¿½        compromising (Krasner 1999: 125), ï¿½        contradicting (Forsythe 1989: 6) ï¿½        breaking down (Bettati 1996: 92), ï¿½        breaching (Lyons and Mayall 2003: 9), ï¿½        perforating (van Hoof 1998: 51), or ï¿½        eroding (Ayoob 2002: 93; Henkin 1999: 3-4; Lapidoth 1995) state sovereignty -- which is presented as giving way (Aceves 2002: 265), even surrendering (Lauterpacht 1968 [1950]: 304-311), to higher human rights norms that "provide legal and moral grounds for disregarding the sovereign rights of States." (Shen 2000: 435)ï¿½ "Human rights have revolutionized the international system and international law." (Henkin 1995: 43-44) I offer a substantially different reading.ï¿½ The reshaping of sovereignty by human rights has left states today no less sovereign than they were fifty, a hundred, or three hundred and fifty years ago.ï¿½ Contemporary human rights constraints on the freedom of action of states are completely compatible with "full" "Westphalian" sovereignty.ï¿½ Rather than 1948 challenging, let alone triumphing over, 1648, the society of states has made space for human rights within the practices of state sovereignty.ï¿½ï¿½ 1.      Sovereignty Confusion over the term sovereignty is a common lament.ï¿½ "No once meaningful word has become more misunderstood and misused." (Best 1995: 778; ï¿½Compare James 1999: 457; Henkin 1999: 1; Brownlie 2003: 105-106; Crook 2001)ï¿½ At the core of most well established uses, however, is the idea of supreme authority.ï¿½ "Sovereign" comes from the Old French soverain, from the Latin superanus, from super, above.ï¿½ A sovereign is supreme or pre-eminent.ï¿½ The Oxford English Dictionary thus defines sovereign as "one who has supremacy or rank above, or authority over, others; a superior; a ruler, governor, lord, or master;" "the recognized supreme ruler of a people or country;" "of power, authority, etc.: supreme."ï¿½ Put more negatively, to be sovereign is to be subject to no higher authority.ï¿½ Alan James' account of sovereignty as constitutional independence (1986; 1999) nicely captures this central idea. International law replicates this ordinary understanding.ï¿½ ï¿½"Sovereignty is supreme authority." (Jennings and Watts 1992: 122)ï¿½ "Sovereignty is the supreme power by which any State is governed." (Wheaton 1866: 31) ï¿½"The sovereign is the person to whom the Nation has confided the supreme power and the duty of governing." (Vattel 1916 [1758]: Bk. II, Ch. IV)ï¿½ "Sovereignty. 1) Supreme dominion, authority, or rule. 2) The supreme political authority of an independent state. ï¿½ Supremacy, the right to demand obedience." (Black's Law Dictionary, 7th edition, 1999)ï¿½ A sovereign state "is not subject, within its territorial jurisdiction, to the governmental, executive, legislative, or judicial jurisdiction of a foreign State or to foreign law other than public international law." (Steinberger 2000: 512) My focus will be on external or international sovereignty, the rules by which sovereigns, actors who recognize no higher authority, interact.ï¿½ My focus


What is the substance made from petroleum used for road surfacing, whose name derives from Greek meaning 'of foreign origin'?

Lubricants Glossary The American Automobile Manufacturers Association (AAMA) is a trade association that represented car manufacturers headquartered in the United States. After the purchase of Chrysler by German Daimler-Benz the organization has been dissolved on December 31, 1998. The ratio of shear stress to shear rate . It is a fluid's internal resistance to flow. The common unit of absolute viscosity is the poise (see viscosity ). Absolute  viscosity  divided  by the fluid's density equals kinematic viscosity . absorber oil Oil used to selectively absorb heavier hydrocarbon components from a gas mixture. Also called wash oil or scrubber oil. Process by, which one substance draws into itself another substance; the assimilation of one material into another; in petroleum refining, the use of an absorptive liquid to selectively remove components from a process stream . Examples: a sponge picking up water; an oil recovering gasoline from wet natural gas. ACEA Association des Constructeurs Europeens Automobiles (Association of the European Automobile Manufacturers) is the new association of the European automobile manufacturers, formed in February 1991. ACEA is engaged in a broad range of activities including safety and environmental concerns and any regulations which have a direct impact on the European automobile industry. ACEA members are all the European motor vehicle manufacturers including Ford Europe, GM Europe, Scania, and Volvo. At present, only PSA Peugeot Citroen is not a member of ACEA but cooperates with ACEA in the field of lubricating oils and fuels. Web Link: www.acea.be acid A member of an important and fundamental category of chemical substances characterized by having an available reactive hydrogen and requiring an alkali to neutralize them. Acid solutions usually have a sour, biting, and tart taste, like vinegar. pH is less than 7. acid sludge The residue left after treating petroleum oil with sulfuric acid for the removal of impurities. It is a black, viscous substance containing the spent acid and impurities. acid treating A refining process in which unfinished petroleum products, such as gasoline, kerosene, and lubricating oil stocks, are contacted with sulfuric acid to improve their color, odor, and other properties. acidity The amount of free acid in any substance. additive An agent or chemical substance added to a product and used for imparting new, or for improving existing characteristics of lubricating oils or greases. Common petroleum product additives are: The total percentage of all additives in an oil. (Expressed in % of mass [weight] or % of volume) adhesion The force or forces causing two materials such as a lubricating grease and a metal, to stick together. adsorption Adhesion of the molecules of gases, liquids, or dissolved substances to a solid surface, resulting in relatively high concentration of the molecules at the place of contact; e.g., the plating out of an anti-wear-additive on metal surfaces. Also, any refining process in which a gas or a liquid is contacted with a solid, causing some compounds of the gas or liquid to adhere to the solid; e.g., contacting of lube oils with activated clay to improve color. aerosol A highly dispersed suspension ( Colloidal System ) of fine solid or liquid particles in a gas. Petroleum solvents are commonly used either as carriers or as vapor pressure depressants in packaged aerosol specialty products. Petroleum products are also applied in aerosol form in agricultural oil applications and oil mist lubrication. AFV benzene -derived synthetic lubricant base with good hydrolytic stability (resistance to chemical reaction with water) and good compatibility with mineral oils . Used in turbines, compressors, jet engines, and hydraulic power steering. alkylation In refining , the chemical reaction of a low-molecular-weight olefin with an isoparaffin to form a liquid product, alkylate, that has a high octane number and is used to improve the antiknock properties of gasoline . The reaction takes place in the presence of a strong acid catalyst , and at c


The huge American springtime festival of film, music and technology SXSW is held where?

South by Southwest - Austin, Texas | SXSW Interactive, Music, FIlm South by Southwest South by Southwest What SXSW means to Austin Most college towns calm down during Spring Break as students leave for party points beyond – but not Austin. After all, why would anyone leave when one of the biggest events in the music, interactive and film business happens right here? Every March since 1987, the South By Southwest (SXSW) Conferences and Festival takes over the Capital City. One of the world’s largest and most respected industry conferences, SXSW showcases two weeks of the best in new music, film, digital media and interactive arts – plus hundreds of industry-related seminars, discussions, workshops, interviews, meetings, and panels. The event is made up of three distinct industry conferences: SXSW Interactive; SXSW Film; and SXSW Music – a unique convergence of emerging technologies, independent films, and the best in original music. In their second year in 2012, both SXSW Eco – a conference with sessions from experts in the public, private and academic sectors who are “committed to finding solutions for a sustainable world” – and SXSW Edu – a conference focused on innovations in learning – enjoyed an increase in attendance. Bill Gates was the 2013 keynote speaker for SXSW Edu.  In 2013, SXSW Eco had a presence at the March SXSW Conference, but is scheduled to have its own, separate conference in October. No matter what the industry, there’s no question that the festival has a huge impact on the city – economic and otherwise. Consider that in 2013 the Interactive attendance alone had 30,621 paying attendees.  Downtown hotel revenue from the 2011 event was nearly $27 million, an increase of $5 million from the previous year. Music and more Whether it’s film, interactive, or music, it seems that more deals take place during SXSW than at the blackjack tables in Vegas. The New York Times, in a March 2006 article, reported that SXSW is “…a hub for operating outside the recording business...It could be finding a European distributor for a self-released album or the offer of a Midwestern college tour.” While SXSW is primarily an industry conference, there’s a distinct festival appeal to SXSW. It’s a chance for fans to discover new favorites and genres, hear new tunes from industry veterans, see great documentaries and feature films, and learn about the latest in digital and interactive media. What to Expect at SXSW The SXSW event starts with SXSW Interactive, overlaps slightly with SXSW Film, and is in full swing by the time the hipsters in their skinny jeans descend into town for SXSW Music, which wraps up the week. SXSW Interactive Technology buffs and regular Joes are equally at home during SXSW Interactive, which emphasizes cutting-edge, creative thinking in the wide world of websites, interactivity, gaming, new media, social networking, and all things technology. The convergence of technology and pop culture is evident with the registration numbers: In 2013, the interactive segment attracted 30,621 people, an all time high. This is where industry trends happen – and where the seeds germinate for what might appear on your computer screen, Twitter, Mashable, Tech Crunch, or Facebook feed in the future. In 2007, SXSWi helped boost Twitter usage.  ScreenBurn is another aspect of SXSW Interactive – especially for emerging game designers and part open to the public with a fun family gaming showcase so you can check out the latest in gaming technologies. SXSW Film SXSW Film has grown into a major event on the international movie industry calendar over the last 20-plus years, and the festival has earned a reputation as a venue for launching emerging talents. Attendees and fans screen hundreds of feature films, documentaries, animated movies and shorts over 10 days during the SXSW Film Conference & Festival, with screenings taking place at local theaters and other venues all over the city – from the latest premieres to groundbreaking and often controversial independent films. Directors and stars often introduce their works and talk


Cheese is said to combat tooth erosion because it contains what?

Oral treatments and dental health › Sundry › Diet | The British Dental Health Foundation Back to Top Why is a healthy diet important for my oral health? Every time you eat or drink anything sugary, your teeth are under acid attack for up to one hour. This is because the sugar will react with the bacteria in plaque (the sticky coating on your teeth) and produce harmful acids. So it is important to have sugary foods or drinks just at mealtimes, limiting the amount of time your mouth is at risk. Acidic foods and drinks can be just as harmful. The acid ‘erodes' or dissolves the enamel, exposing the dentine underneath. This can make your teeth sensitive and unsightly. A diet that is rich in vitamins, minerals and fresh fruit and vegetables can help to prevent gum disease . Gum disease can lead to tooth loss and cause bad breath. The diagram below is a good example of what you should eat as part of a healthy and balanced diet. Back to Top What is tooth decay? Tooth decay damages your teeth and leads to fillings or even extractions. Decay happens when sugar reacts with the bacteria in plaque. This forms the acids that attack the teeth and destroy the enamel. After this happens many times, the tooth enamel may break down, forming a hole or 'cavity' into the dentine. The tooth can then decay more quickly. Back to Top What foods can cause decay? All sugars can cause decay. Sugar can come in many forms. Usually ingredients ending in ‘ose' are sugars, for example: sucrose, fructose and glucose are just three types. These sugars can all damage your teeth. Many processed foods have sugar in them, and the higher up it appears in the list of ingredients, the more sugar there is in the product. Always read the list of ingredients on the labels when you are food shopping. When you are reading the labels remember that 'no added sugar' does not necessarily mean that the product is sugar free. It simply means that no extra sugar has been added. These products may contain sugars such as those listed above, or the sugars may be listed as 'carbohydrates'. Ask your dental team if you are not sure. Back to Top Can food and drink cause erosion? Acidic food and drinks can cause erosion - the gradual dissolving of the tooth enamel. Listed below are the 'pH values' of some food and drinks. The lower the pH number, the more acidic the product. Anything with a pH value lower than 5.5 may cause erosion. 'Alkalis' have a high pH number and cancel out the acid effects of sugars. pH 7 is the middle figure between acid and alkali. mineral water (still) pH 7.6 milk pH 6.9 Back to Top Can I eat snacks? It is better for your teeth and general health if you eat 3 meals a day instead of having 7 to 10 snacks. If you do need to snack between meals, choose foods that do not contain sugar. Fruit does contain acids, which can erode your teeth. However, this is only damaging to your teeth if you eat an unusually large amount. Try not to have a lot of dried fruit as it is high in sugar and can stick to your teeth. If you do eat fruit as a snack, try to eat something alkaline such as cheese afterwards. Savoury snacks are better, such as: cheese Back to Top Can I eat sweets? The main point to remember is that it is not the amount of sugar you eat or drink, but how often you do it. Sweet foods are allowed, but it is important just to have them at mealtimes. To help reduce tooth decay, cut down on how often you have sugary foods and drinks and try to have sugar-free varieties. Confectionery and chewing gum containing the artificial sweetener Xylitol may help to reduce tooth decay. Sugary foods can also cause a range of health problems including heart disease and being overweight. Back to Top What should I drink? Still water and milk are good choices. It is better for your teeth if you drink fruit juices just at meal times. If you are drinking them between meals, try diluting them with water. Diluted sugar-free fruit drinks are the safest alternative to water and milk. If you make these, be sure that the drink is diluted 1 part fruit drink to 10 parts water. Some soft drin


Name the UK's greatest Paralympic medal winner (as at 2011)?

Paralympics medals: National winners and losers at London 2012 - BBC Sport BBC Sport Paralympics medals: National winners and losers at London 2012 10 Sep 2012 From the section Disability Sport Share this page Read more about sharing. The Paralympics have been a huge success for Great Britain, and not only within the sporting arenas. The public have been out in force to support the events while Team GB have responded with a record haul of 120 medals. London v Beijing medal placings London USA 3 But leaving the hosts aside, who are the big winners and losers in the London 2012 medal table? China have continued their dominance, which began at their own home games in Beijing four years ago. But the biggest disappointment has come from traditional powerhouse the United States, who slid down the Paralympics medal table despite regaining their number one status at the Olympics. Elsewhere, Russia, Ukraine and Australia have all produced healthy medal hauls to cheer their nations. Here, BBC Sport assesses the achievements of a number of countries and how their relative success or failure has been perceived at home. CHINA MEDALS AT LONDON 2012: 95 golds, 71 silvers and 65 bronzes MEDALS AT BEIJING: 89 golds, 70 silvers and 52 bronzes PERCEPTION: The London Paralympics has been met with a lot of enthusiasm in China. The country has around 82 million disabled people so there is a big audience. Chinese state media sent out a 100-strong team of journalists to cover the London Games. And it is clear from Chinese social media that many young people have been eager to find out about Team China's progress. HOW'S IT GONE? China has triumphed again at the Paralympics, after topping the medal tables in both Athens and Beijing. Yang Yang, 15, won four swimming golds The country won the first gold medal of the London Games in rifle shooting and on Thursday celebrated its 300th Paralympic gold medal, won by Zhao Xu in the men's 100m-T46 final. Its team was smaller than in Beijing but highly successful across a range of sports nonetheless. TOP PERFORMING ATHLETE: China has so many Paralympic stars but one of the stand-out performances came from the youngest athlete in the team. Swimmer Yang Yang is only 15 years old but marked his Games debut by bagging four gold medals. He also broke the world record in the men's 50m backstroke S2 category. WHAT THEY SAID: Chinese coach Zhang Honggu (as quoted by Xinhua news agency): "China has developed fast in recent years and the government and people attach great importance to disabled people, which guarantees high-level systematic training for all the Paralympians. All our Paralympians train hard and they are eager to show their power in high-level competitions." UNITED STATES MEDALS AT LONDON 2012: 31 golds, 29 silvers and 38 bronzes MEDALS AT BEIJING: 36 golds, 35 silvers and 28 bronzes PERCEPTION: The Paralympics have received scant attention in the US. The country was saturated with Olympic coverage last month, but amid the start of the American football season and the final few weeks of the baseball season, television viewers had other sport to watch. NBC, the official US broadcaster, did not air the opening ceremony and only showed about five-and-a-half hours of sport, none of it live. HOW'S IT GONE? The US finished sixth in the Paralympic medal count. Jessica Long won seven medals for the US If Americans were paying more attention, they might be disappointed to learn that rivals China won more than three times as many Paralympic gold medals. Most news coverage has focused not on results or the medal chase, but on human interest stories or curiosities, with headlines such as "Shark attack survivor wins bronze" - the tale about South African swimmer Achmat Hassiem. TOP PERFORMING ATHLETE: Swimmer Jessica Long, 20, won five gold medals, two silvers and a bronze. Long, who was born in Siberia and raised in Baltimore, was born without most of the bones in her feet. WHAT THEY SAID: Josh George, US wheelchair racer, in the New York Times: "Even more amazing than the fact that Londoners have opened their a


Aida (Verdi) - Synopsis Synopsis An Opera by Giuseppe Verdi Grand opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi. Plot by Mariette Bey. Written in French prose by Camille du Locle. Translated into Italian verse by Antonio Ghislanzoni. Produced in Cairo, Egypt, December 24, 1871; La Scala, Milan under the composers direction, February 8, 1872; Théâtre Italien, Paris, April 22, 1876; Covent Garden, London, June 22, 1876, Academy of Music, New York, November 26, 1873; Grand Opera, Paris, March 22, 1880, Metropolitan Opéra House, with Caruso, 1904. CHARACTERS AIDA, an Ethiopian slave Soprano AMNERIS, daughter of the King of Egypt. Contralto AMONASRO, King of Ethiopia, father of Aida. Baritone RHADAMES, captain of the Guard. Tenor RAMPHIS, High Priest. Bass Priest, soldiers, Ethiopian slaves, prisoners, Egyptians, etc. Time: Epoch of the Pharoahs. Place: Memphis and Thebes, Ancient Egypt. "Aida" was commissioned by Ismail Pacha, Khedive of Egypt, for the Italian Theatre in Cairo, which opened in November, 1869. The opera was produced there December 24, 1871; not at the opening of the house, as sometimes is erroneously stated. Its success was sensational. Equally enthusiastic was its reception when brought out at La Scala, Milan, February 7, 1872, under the direction of Verdi himself, who was recalled thirty-two times and presented with an ivory baton and diamond star with the name of Aida in rubies and his own in other precious stones. Teresa Stolz (soprano) as the title role of Aida, Parma, 1872 It is an interesting fact that "Aida" reached New York before it did any of the great European opera houses save La Scala. It was produced at the Academy of Music under the direction of Max Strakosch, November 26, 1873. I am glad to have heard that performance and several other performances of it that season. For the artists who appeared in it gave a representation that for brilliancy has not been surpassed if, indeed, it has been equalled. In support of this statement it is only necessary to say that Italo Campanini was Rhadames, Victor Maurel Amonasro, and Annie Louise Cary Amneris. No greater artists have appeared in these roles in this country. Mlle. Torriani, the Aida, while not so disntiguished, was entirely adequate. Nanneti as Ramphis, the high priest, Scolara as the King, and Boy as the Messenger, completed the cast. I recall some of he early comment on the opera. It was said to be Wagnerian. In point of fact "Aida" is Wagnerian only as compared with Verdis earlier operas. Compared with Wagner himself, it is Verdian -- purely Italian. It was said that the fine melody for the trumpets on the stage in the pageant scene was plagiarized from a theme in the Coronation March of Meyerbeers "Prophète." Slightly reminiscent the passage is, and, of course, stylistically the entire scene is on Meyerbeerian lines; but these resemblances no longer are of importance. Paris failed to hear "Aida" until April, 1876, and then at the Théâtre Italien, instead of at the Grand Opéra, where it was not heard until March, 1880, when Maurel was the Amonasro and Edouard de Reszke, later a favourite basso at the Metropolitan Opera House, the King. In 1855 Verdis opera, "Les Vêpres Siciliennes" (The Sicilian Vespers) had been produced at the Grand Opéra and occurrences at the rehearsals had greatly angered the composer. The orchestra clearly showed a disinclination to follow the composers minute directions regarding the manner in which he wished his work interpreted. When, after a conversation with the chef dorchestre, the only result was plainly an attempt to annoy him, he put on his hat, left the theatre, and did not return. In 1867 his "Don Carlos" met only with a succès destime at the Opéra. He had not forgotten these circumstances, when the Opéra wanted to give "Aida." He withheld permission until 1880. But when at last this was given, he assisted at the production, and the public authorities vied in atoning for the slights put upon him so many years before. The President of France gave a banquet in h


Name Garry Trudeau's army-related cartoon strip?

SINATRA SEEKS LIST OF PAPERS PRINTING 'DOONESBURY' COMIC - NYTimes.com SINATRA SEEKS LIST OF PAPERS PRINTING 'DOONESBURY' COMIC By ALEX S. JONES Published: June 21, 1985 Lawyers representing Frank Sinatra have demanded a list of the names of newspapers that published a ''Doonesbury'' cartoon strip satirizing Mr. Sinatra from the distributor of the comic so they can seek retractions. The strip, by Garry Trudeau, was published June 13. It contained an exchange between Mr. Sinatra, who was out of the picture, and a casino blackjack dealer. Mr. Sinatra's dialogue threatens to have the dealer dismissed if she shuffles the cards before dealing. The strip, using parentheses, had Mr. Sinatra saying, ''Get me your (obscene gerund) boss, you little (anatomically explicit epithet)!'' In December 1984, Mr. Sinatra and Dean Martin were involved in an incident in Atlantic City after which a New Jersey casino commissioner, Joel Jacobson, said in hearings that they had intimidated a dealer into dealing from her hand, which is illegal in New Jersey, rather than from a plastic box. According to the comic's distributor, Universal Press Syndicate, Mr. Sinatra's lawyers said that the June 13 ''Doonesbury'' was ''false and violative of Mr. Sinatra's rights,'' and that they would take ''all appropriate steps.'' Mr. Sinatra has refused any further comment beyond the contents of the letter. Susan Reynolds, Mr. Sinatra's spokesman, said that neither Mr. Sinatra nor his lawyers would comment on what ''appropriate steps'' might be taken or on any other aspect of the situation. Mr. Trudeau was also unavailable for comment. Lee Salem, editorial director of the syndicate, said that the syndicate denied that the cartoon violated Mr. Sinatra's rights and that the syndicate had refused to provide a list of the 835 papers subscribing to ''Doonesbury.'' ''I can understand why he's upset by being lampooned, but we look at this as fair satire,'' Mr. Salem said. According to Floyd Abrams, a lawyer specializing in First Amendment issues, Mr. Sinatra would have little chance to win a libel suit because of broad protection for expression of opinion. ''Garry Trudeau is entitled to no less expression of his views than is George Will,'' Mr. Abrams said, referring to the conservative political columnist. Mr. Sinatra was the subject of six ''Doonesbury'' installments from June 10-15 that raised hackles, which Mr. Trudeau's cartoons have been doing since national distribution began in 1970. Two of the strips included reproductions of what Universal says are photographs of Mr. Sinatra with people including Aniello Dellacroce, who was charged and acquitted in the killing of an associate of the late Carlo Gambino, who had a reputation as kingpin of organized crime in New York. The strip did not mention the acquittal. On the day the first cartoon appeared, Mr. Sinatra issued a statement saying Mr. Trudeau's work was created ''without regard to fairness or decency.'' According to Mr. Salem, 30 newspapers did not print part or all of that series, and two papers canceled the strip altogether. But Mr. Salem said that the Sinatra series had not proved so controversial as a series in 1976 that showed two unmarried characters in bed together. Several newspapers did not publish a strip this spring that included a tangle of male and female students in a Florida motel room. More recently, Universal declined to distribute a series satirizing the antiabortion film ''The Silent Scream.'' The strips were published by The New Republic.


In the 2001 official UK national census what religion did 390,000 people incredibly claim to be?

Religion in the United Kingdom: Diversity, Trends and Decline Religion in the United Kingdom Click to view public FB Page Author: With over 170 distinct religions counted, the religious make-up of the UK is diverse, complex and multicultural . The 2011 Census shows that minority and alternative religions are steadily growing, as is Islam . Less than half of the British people believe in a God and from 2009 the annual British Social Attitudes results has revealed that over 50% of us say we're not religious 1 and a 2014 YouGov poll saw 77% of the British public say they're not very, or not at all, religious 2 . Comprehensive professional research in 2006 by Tearfund found that two thirds (66% - 32.2 million people) in the UK have no connection with any religion or church 3 . However people continue to put down what they think is their "official" religion on official forms. As a result of this Census Effect in the 2011 National Census, 59.3% of us put their religion down as " Christian " 4 . Half of those who say they have no religion to pollsters still put one down on the 2011 Census. Even despite this, Christian numbers are substantially down from the 2001 figure of 72%. Religion in Britain has suffered an immense general decline since the 1950s. Between 1979 and 2005, half of all Christians stopped going to church on a Sunday. Four in five britons want religion to be private, not public, and have no place in politics 5 . All indicators show a continued secularisation of British society in line with other European countries such as France . “This secular majority presents a major challenge to churches. Most of them - 29.3 million - are unreceptive and closed to attending church; churchgoing is simply not on their agenda.” Tearfund (2007) on 2006 research 3 The primary social research tool in Britain is the British Social Attitudes Survey , an annual mini-census. In 2009 'No religion' was stated by 50.7% of the UK population 1 . Comprehensive professional research in 2006 by Tearfund found that two thirds (66% - 32.2 million people) in the UK have no connection with any religion or church 3 , a figure which meshes perfectly with another poll in the same year that saw 63% say they are not religious 6 . A decade ago, headcounts revealed that just over 6% of the population go to church on a Sunday 7 (for every 6 who do, 94 do not). In 2003 August, only 18% of the British public said they were a practicing member of an organized religion, 25% they were members of a world religion 8 . According to these results, one fifth of self-declared members would also not describe themselves as actually practicing that religion. 17% of the population responded that religion was one of the most significant factors in their lives. A persons' own experience, parents, education and friends come first for nearly everyone 8 . (2003) Those who do profess religion in the UK are largely inactive. A 2007 poll commissioned by the British Library found that 50% of religious folk "do not practice religion very much, if at all" 9 , with Christians being the most inactive. A 2014 poll found similar results, with 50% of British Jews saying that they are not at all religious 10 . Muslims were most religious, with only 7% saying they're not 10 . A large 2006 poll of year 9 and 10 teenagers in Cornwall found that only 19% said that they 'have a religious faith' 7 . If these teenagers reflect the future, British religiosity is going to continue to drop. One single fact can be found in all of the statistics: Britons are mostly non-religious and are increasingly both innocent and ignorant of religion. The cultural attachment to Christianity in general lives on and Monica Furlong in her year 2000 comprehensive review of the state of English religion summarizes the English in the same way as Grace Davies who wrote " Religion in Britain since 1945: Believing without Belonging ": by saying the English "believe without belonging" to Christianity . That is, many profess belief but do not take part in organized religion. Subsequent scholars (and we will see much supp


Name the US soldier arrested and imprisoned in 2010 in relation to Wikileaks' publication of thousands of secret US Defense documents, and subject to humanitarian protests about his treatment?

Wikileaks Reader: Pushback part 2 - Shadowproof Wikileaks Reader: Pushback part 2 fiver2011 2011-03-29 Special Report: STD fears sparked case against WikiLeaks boss by Mark Hosenball (12/7/10) The two Swedish women who accuse WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange of sexual misconduct were at first not seeking to bring charges against him. They just wanted to track him down and persuade him to be tested for sexually transmitted diseases, according to several people in contact with his entourage at the time. The women went to the police together after they failed to persuade Assange to go to a doctor after separate sexual encounters with him in August, according to these people, who include former close associates of Assange who have since fallen out with him. :: November 20 – An international arrest warrant for Assange is issued by Swedish police via Interpol. :: November 30 – Interpol issues a ”red notice” for Assange. :: December 8 – Assange presents himself to London police and appears at an extradition hearing where he is remanded in custody. :: December 14 – The world media and protesters besiege the road outside City of Westminster Magistrates’ Court where Assange is appearing on an extradition warrant. 10 days in Sweden: the full allegations against Julian Assange by Nick Davies (12/17/10) Stephens has repeatedly complained that Assange has not been allowed to see the full allegations against him, but it is understood his Swedish defence team have copies of all the documents seen by the Guardian. He maintains that other potentially exculpatory evidence has not been made available to his team and may not have been seen by the Guardian. The allegations centre on a 10-day period after Assange flew into Stockholm on Wednesday 11 August. One of the women, named in court as Miss A, told police that she had arranged Assange’s trip to Sweden, and let him stay in her flat because she was due to be away. She returned early, on Friday 13 August, after which the pair went for a meal and then returned to her flat. Her account to police, which Assange disputes, stated that he began stroking her leg as they drank tea, before he pulled off her clothes and snapped a necklace that she was wearing. According to her statement she “tried to put on some articles of clothing as it was going too quickly and uncomfortably but Assange ripped them off again”. Miss A told police that she didn’t want to go any further “but that it was too late to stop Assange as she had gone along with it so far”, and so she allowed him to undress her. Sex accusers boasted about their ‘conquest’ of WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange (12/9/10) Assange insists that the sex with both women was consensual. After the sexual encounters, neither woman seemed to harbour any resentment against Assange. One of Assange’s lawyers has been quoted as saying: “The exact content of Wilen’s mobile phone texts is not yet known but their bragging and exculpatory character has been confirmed by Swedish prosecutors. Neither Wilen’s nor Ardin’s texts complain of rape.” ‘Sex by Surprise’ at Heart of Assange Criminal Probe by Dana Kennedy (12/2/10) Assange’s London attorney, Mark Stephens, told AOL News today that Swedish prosecutors told him that Assange is wanted not for allegations of rape, as previously reported, but for something called “sex by surprise,” which he said involves a fine of 5,000 kronor or about $715. Assange is the subject of an international manhunt, as a result of Interpol issuing a “red notice,” a warrant indicating the person should be arrested with a view to extradition. Assange’s Lawyer: He’s Upbeat, Surprised By Cyber-Attacks by Marcus Baram (12/11/10) In a wide-ranging telephone interview with The Huffington Post on Friday, Assange’s lawyer Mark Stephens described his jailhouse visit with his client, claimed that the U.S. State Department may be prepared to work out a deal with Swedish prosecutors amid reports of a grand jury meeting in Virginia to consider charges against Assange and expressed his fears that his own family is being intimidated by unknow