Who is credited with creating the periodic table?

History of the Periodic Table The development of the Periodic Table (pre-16) Dmitri Mendeleev What is a mark of a great scientist? Good scientists    discover new information and make sense of it, linking it to other data.    They may go further by giving an explanation of this linked data which,    maybe not immediately, other scientists accept as a correct explanation.    However the outstanding scientist goes further in predicting consequences    of his ideas which can be tested. This boldness identifies the great    scientist if the predictions are later found to be accurate. One such    person was Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev . Incidentally, although he is often regarded as the    father of the Periodic Table, Mendeleev himself called his table, or    matrix, the Periodic System. Formulator of the Periodic Table A commemorative stamp collector�s miniature       sheet showing some of Mendeleev�s original notes. Horizontal lines       like Cr, Mo and W (in the third row down) correspond to today's       groups. Note the date, 17 February 1869. Other people, like Londoner John Newlands , Frenchman Alexandre B�guyer de Chancourtois and German Julius Lothar Meyer made important contributions to the first Periodic    Table but the main credit goes to Mendeleev. All of them were helped by    the publication in 1860 of more accurate atomic weights, as relative    atomic masses were then called. There were two main problems about    establishing a pattern for the elements. First only 60 elements had been    discovered (we now know of over 100) and second some of the information    about the 60 was wrong. It was if Mendeleev was doing a jigsaw with one    third of the pieces missing, and other pieces bent! Mendeleev had written the properties of elements on    pieces of card and tradition has it that after organising the cards while    playing patience he suddenly realised that by arranging the element cards    in order of increasing atomic weight that certain types of element    regularly occurred. For example a reactive non-metal was directly followed    by a very reactive light metal, then a less reactive light metal. The    image of a stamp collectors� miniature sheet shows a stamp commemorating    the hundredth anniversary of the Periodic Table superimposed on some of    Mendeleev�s original jottings. Shortly after, his ideas were presented to the    Russian Physico-chemical Society. They were read by Professor Menschutkin    because Mendeleev was ill. His ideas were then published in the main    German chemistry periodical of the time, Zeitschrift fϋr Chemie. The world�s first view of Mendeleev�s Periodic    Table � an extract from Zeitschrift fϋr Chemie, 1869. Click here for a translation What were the special features of Mendeleev's Periodic Table? Why is Mendeleev considered to be the �father� of the    Periodic Table whilst others, such as Newlands, Meyer and De Chantcourtois    are considered to be also-rans? First he put elements into their correct places in    the table. In some cases the relative atomic mass had been wrongly    calculated by others. By correcting the relative atomic mass he put the    element in the correct place. At the time, relative atomic masses (then called    atomic weights) were laboriously determined using the formula atomic weight = equivalent weight x valency The combining (or equivalent) weights (see Problems with    relative atomic masses ) were generally accurate but sometimes an    element was given the wrong valency. Thus beryllium, combining weight 4.6,    was given the valency 3 because it was chemically similar to aluminium.    This gave an atomic weight of 13.8, placing it between carbon and nitrogen    where there was no space. Mendeleev said the valency was 2; the problem    was solved - it fitted into the space between lithium and boron. Secondly, Mendeleev sometimes decided that atomic


Whose only novel won the Pulitzer Booker Prize in 1937?

Home - Birthdays of Authors - Welcome/Home at Saint Xavier University Birthdays of Selected Authors: July - December July George Sand, (1 July 1804 – 8 June 1876) aka Aurore Dudevant, French novelist . July 1 Hermann Hesse, (1877; d.1962), German-Swiss novelist and poet who received the Nobel prize for literature in 1946, the novel Siddhartha (1922). July 2 Franz Kafka, (1883; d.1924), Czech writer, "Die Verwandlung" ("The Metamorphosis"), Der Process (The Trial), and Das Schloss (The Castle), most were published posthumously, by his friend Max Brod, who ignored Kafka's wish to have the manuscripts destroyed.  July 3 Sir Tom Stoppard, Czech born, Tomáš Straussler, (1937), playwright, one Academy Award and four Tony Awards, The Real Thing; Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead; Shakespeare in Love. July 3 Nathaniel Hawthorne, (1804; d.1864), American novelist and short story writer (born Salem, Mass.) author of The House of the Seven Gables (1851) and The Scarlet Letter (1850). July 4 Neil Simon, (1927), American playwright, Barefoot in the Park (1963) and The Odd Couple (1965 Tony Award), Pulitzer Prize for drama in1991 for Lost in Yonkers. July 4 Jean Cocteau, (1889; d.1963) French writer, artist, and filmmaker, novel Les Enfants Terribles (1929), and the films Blood of a Poet (1930), Les Parents Terribles (1948), Beauty and the Beast (1946) and Orpheus (1949). July 5 Jan Neruda (1834), Czech writer and poet of the Czech Realism school, Povídky malostranské (1877, Tales of the Lesser Quarter). July 7 Robert Heinlein, (1907- May 8, 1988), Missouri-born science-fiction writer, In his lifetime, Heinlein received four Hugo Awards, for Stranger in a Strange Land (1961), The Moon is a Harsh Mistress (1966), Starship Troopers (1959), and Double Star (1956), and was nominated for four Nebula Awards, for Stranger in a Strange Land, Friday, Time Enough for Love, and Job: A Comedy of Justice. He was also given two posthumous Hugos, for Farmer in the Sky and The Man Who Sold the Moon. July 7 Louise Erdrich, (1954) Native American novelist, raised in North Dakota, an enrolled member of the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians, a band of the Anishinaabe (also known as Ojibwe and Chippewa), Love Medicine won the 1984 National Book Critics Circle Award; The Plague of Doves (2009); the 2012 National Book Award for Fiction for The Round House. July 7 Margaret [Abigail] Walker, (1915-1998), Alabama native, African American poet and novelist, the award-winning poem For My People (1942) and the novel Jubilee (1966). July 7 Dr. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross, (1926-2004), born in Zurich, Switzerland, On Death and Dying (1969) which described her theory of the five stages of grief. July 8 Oliver Sacks, (1933-2015), British neurologist, Awakenings (later made into a movie); Musicophilia: Tales of Music and the Brain; The Mind's Eye (2010), and a number of popular books on neurological phenomena. July 9 Marcel Proust, (1871; d.1922), French novelist, À la recherche du temps perdu (In Search of Lost Time; earlier translated as Remembrance of Things Past; published in seven parts between 1913 and 1927). July 10 Alice Munro, (1931) Canadian short story writer, 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature for her work as "master of the contemporary short story, and the 2009 Man Booker International Prize for her lifetime body of work. July 10 E.B. White, (1899- October 1, 1985), New England writer, books for children, including Stuart Little (1945), Charlotte's Web (1952), and The Trumpet of the Swan (1970). In 1978, White won a special Pulitzer Prize citing "his letters, essays and the full body of his work". Also the co-author of the English language style guide The Elements of Style, which is commonly known as "Strunk & White". July 11 Harold Bloom, (1930), NYC native literary critic, Yeats; The Anxiety of Influence: A Map of Misreading; The Western Canon (1994). July 11 Henry David Thoreau, (July 12, 1817 - May 6, 1862), American writer and Transcendentalist. Walden (1854); Civil Disobedience; Life Without Principle; Slavery in Massachusetts; and Walking.  July 1


Which political leader has a black Labrador called Connie Paulgrave?

A Former Spy And Judo Champion: How Much Do You Know About Vladimir Putin? - Viral Thread A Former Spy And Judo Champion: How Much Do You Know About Vladimir Putin? - Viral Thread SHARE Vladimir Putin is easily the world’s most talked about and controversial leader in today’s modern world. Some view him as a constant source of jokes and laughter, whereas others believe he is a threat, and somebody to be feared if crossed. One thing’s for sure, Putin has had a huge impact on Russian politics, and has transformed the way the world views the largest country on Earth. Here are some of the most intriguing and bizarre facts about the life of Vladimir Putin. Early Years     From an early age, Putin was known for being rowdy and outspoken. By the time he was 11 years old, he was one of a few in a class of more than 45 pupils who was not a member of the Soviet Union youth group, the Vladimir Lenin All-Union Pioneers. By the age of 12 he developed a love for sports, and began training in Judo and Sambo, eventually going on to become a black belt in Judo and his University’s champion. Here he is in his 2008 DVD, Let’s Learn Judo With Vladimir Putin… Seriously… Also whilst attending university, he ran his own radio show, in which he showcased his love for The Beatles. After graduating university in the 1980s, Putin joined and received training in the KBG (Russia’s Committee for State Security). Depsite being viewed as unsocial and with a “lowered sense of danger”, Putin was later based in East Germany as an undercover spy, responsible for illegally acquiring intelligence and recruiting foreigners. During the mid-1980s, Putin also fathered two daughters, Mariya Putina and Tekaterina Putina. Literally next-to-nothing is actually known of his daughters, as their privacy is of the upmost importance to Putin. No Russian media outlets have ever published pictures of them, nor has any official photographer for the palace. Putin and Nature Putin has always expressed his love for mother nature, and loves interacting with wildlife. In fact, when he was growing up, he used to hunt rats in his apartment block for fun. In 2000, Putin was gifted a black Labrador called Koni (Connie) by General of the Army, Sergey Shoygu. He adored Connie so much, she was often seen by his side, and, most famously, Putin brought Koni along to a meeting with Chancellor of Germany, Angela Merkel, knowing full-well she was petrified of dogs. In 2012, Putin showcased his passion for assisting endangered species when he piloted a motorised hang-glider in order to help young Siberian white cranes take their first migration flight. He later described the birds as “pretty lads”. [sc:MPU1]   Putin: The Action Man Not one to be shy of a publicity stunt, Putin is often photographed manning the helm or taking the reins, in one way or another. Most famously in 2009, when the leader was photographed whilst vacationing in Siberia, posing shirtless for a number of action shots. One occasion when things didn’t go as planned was in 2011, when Putin took part in a diving expedition in the Black Sea. Upon returning to the water’s surface, he was holding fragments of ancient Greek jugs, claiming, “the boys and I found them”. It was later discovered that the fragments were in fact planted beforehand for Putin to “find”. Putin’s Power No matter how silly people think it is to see a world leader riding topless on a horse, Putin’s political power is undeniable. Vladimir Putin served as president of Russia from 2000 to 2008, and was re-elected to the presidency in 2012 due to an electoral “loophole” – meaning he could, in theory, extend his total cumulative presidency reign to 24 years, if he runs for re-election in 2018. He has also previously served as Russia’s prime minister. [sc:MPU1]   After the widely-unpopular Boris Yeltsin, Putin’s predecessor, left the country in chaos, and had created an international image of Russian’s as being slurring corruptors, Putin has stood his ground, strongly improving his military, increasing Russia’s global wealth, and transformed the image of Russian


Which singer is known as the “Empress of the blues?

Chapter Summary The Blues The blues has been played and sung in every era of jazz and can be performed with many interpretations. Many titles of music have the word “blues” but are often not a blues song because they lack the blues harmonic construction. The Origin Early “blues” was a result of the slaves singing very sad songs about their suffering in unison. No distinct Western European harmonies were used. After the Civil War, the blues took on a special musical form—AAB (2-part form). Eventually, the blues incorporated European chords and harmonies. They supported the vocal line and became standardized. Blue Notes One characteristic associated with the blues is the blues tonalities. The expressive blue notes do not exist in the 12 tones of the Western music scale, but rather they exist between the tones. For example, in the key of C, they are located midway between the tone E-flat and E-natural and between B-flat and B-natural. Blue notes are heard in work songs, spirituals, and all styles of jazz. Field and Prison Hollers The work song sung collectively by plantation workers evolved into solo “hollers” or “cries.” Work songs were sung across the open field (plantation) and were very free in form. Prison hollers were songs sung by prison inmates. These practices contributed to the type of vocalizations now associated with blues singing. Blues Lyrics The meter of the blues lyrics is generally written in iambic pentameter. The lyrics include three lines, the first two being similar creating an AAB song form. Each line of the lyrics has five (penta) accented syllables that alternate with unaccented syllables (iambic). Here is an example of lyrics written in “iambic pentameter”: I hate to see the ev’nin sun go down In a typical twelve-bar (measure) blues, each of the three sections (AAB) is four bars long with lyrics sung over the first two bars of each section. The remaining two measures of the section are often completed by an instrumentalist—these brief improvised phrases are known as “fill-ins.” Fill-ins were the first means to hear some of the jazz instrumentalists. Later, fill-ins were replaced by “breaks.” Breaks are places in the song were the entire ensemble stopped playing to feature a solo instrument fill-in. Blues lyrics are usually concerned with unhappy situations. Their melancholy lyrics usually describe the blues emotion. However, blues can also be happy, swinging tunes. One common misconception about the blues is that they originated with work songs. Work songs were functional; they were used to coordinate repetitive physical actions of slaves. By contrast, blues songs were emotional and had no specific function. The word “blue” has been associated with melancholia as far back as Elizabethan times. Country and Urban Blues In country blues, the singer—usually a man—was commonly accompanied by a guitar, harmonica, or both. Robert Johnson was the most important figure of late country blues. Urban blues can be characterized as more rhythmic and crisp than country blues. A small group of musicians accompanied urban blues singers, usually women. Two Blues Periods The first blues period spans the latter part of the 19th Century to about 1930. This period featured artists like country blues singer Huddie Ledbetter (Leadbelly) and urban blues singer Bessie Smith. B.B. King is a leading artist of the second blues period which spans 1930 to the present. Blues Singers Bessie Smith (1894–1937), born in Tennessee, made her first recording Downhearted Blues in 1923. She is the best-known blues singer of the 1920s. The “Empress of the Blues” reshaped any given song, embellishing the melodic line with her own special vocal style and feelings about the lyrics. Smith helped train singers on the minstrel circuits and set the standard for all future singing of the blues. Bessie Smith recorded 160 songs. At the time of her death, about ten million of her records had been sold (1927). In 1937, she died penniless in an automobile accident. Ethel Waters (1896–1977) made a name for herself in the early 1920s. Her repertoire ra


Deriving their name from the Latin for ‘fat’, which cells are found in connective tissue and are specialised to synthesise large globules of fat?

Proximate Explanation` immediate observation based on the here and now. Book1:Chapter1:Page10 Ultimate Explanation` is one that relates to historic evolutionary processes. Book1:Chapter1:Page11 Living Organism 1 One or More Cells 2 Surrounded by a membrane 3 use same kinds of carbon-based macromolecules as basic components. 4 reproduce and use DNA as genetic material. 5 Decode DNA into proteins in similar way. 6 require a constant supply of energy to survive and reproduce. Book1:Chapter1:Page11 Smallest Taxon = Lowest order on taxonomic tree. The Species Book1:Chapter1:Page12 Species = Group of organisms that can potentially interbreed to produce fertile offspring. Book1:Chapter1:Page13 Convergent Evolution = Distantly related organisms sharing very similar traits and features` which are not directly inherited. Features converge from different lineages. Driven generally by environment. Book1:Chapter1:Page14 Prokaryotes = organisms lacking membrane bound nucleus and organelles Can be Single or Multi-Celled.  Small parts of genes can transfer between different species in prokaryotes` which is a factor leading to antibiotic resistance in bacteria` blurring the boundary between species. Book1:Chapter1:Page15 Taxonomic Hierarchy` need to put up wallchart. Book1:Chapter1:Page16 Homologous = characteristics inferring common descent. Book1:Chapter1:Page16 Analogous = Look superficially similar but have different origins. Book1:Chapter1:Page17 Summary of Section 1.2 1 Most taxonomists aim to classify organisms in a natural way that reflects the common origin of any named group from a single common ancestor and can be used to construct family trees or phylogenies which reflect evolutionary relationships. 2 Species are the smallest taxa to be universally recognized and are given a unique` Latin binomial name. Their biological definition relates to the capacity to interbreed to produce fertile offspring. 18 Chapter 1 Ordering diversity 3 The biological species definition is often impossible to apply because breeding tests cannot be carried out. Hence structural and other characteristics are commonly used to delimit species. Among the problems that arise are: a identical appearance of species` sometimes as a result of convergent evolution; b disagreements among taxonomists splitters and lumpers; c lack of structural markers in prokaryotes` and d gene transfer between species. 4 The taxonomic hierarchy groups organisms into progressively larger units: genus` family` order` class` phylum or division` kingdom and domain. Each unit should be monophyletic. The higher the taxonomic category shared by two organisms` the further back in time is their common ancestor. 5 Characters that are used to estimate relatedness for higher taxonomic units should reflect deep` underlying similarities homologies of structure or physiology or molecules and avoid superficial similarities that have arisen through convergent evolution. Fossil evidence provides the best method of determining the time at which groups diverged in the past but is unavailable for many groups. Molecular sequence comparisons are increasingly used to delimit higher taxonomic groups and determine their evolutionary relationships. Book1:Chapter1:Page18 Common name for Bacteria Kingdom is bacteria` which includes Archaea Book1:Chapter1:Page19 phylogeny = the family tree` from kingdom to species. Book1:Chapter1:Page19 monophyletic = groupings that have single common ancestor. Book1:Chapter1:Page19 Molecular sequencing requires comparisons between homologous molecular samples` e.g. same kind of RNA` proteins` etc` like-for-like. And minimal change over time resulting from mutation. Book1:Chapter1:Page21 Summary of Section 1.3 1 The deepest division of living organisms the highest taxonomic grouping is into three domains: Bacteria` Archaea and Eukarya. These domains separated from a universal common ancestor shortly after the origin of life` about 4000 Ma ago. 2 Domains and` in particular` the existence of Archaea were first recognized on the basis of molecular sequence comparisons of a g


Who narrated the children’s animation called 'Bod'?

Bod (TV Series 1975– ) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error The adventures of a little boy called Bod, who lives in a town with his friends Aunt Flo, P.C. Copper, Frank the Postman and Farmer Barleymow. Each episode also featured Alberto Frog and his Amazing Animal Band. Stars: a list of 238 titles created 08 Feb 2012 a list of 75 titles created 02 May 2012 a list of 30 titles created 23 Nov 2012 a list of 699 titles created 09 Aug 2014 a list of 83 titles created 10 May 2015 Search for " Bod " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. When Jamie shines his Magic Torch on the floor of his bedroom a hole appears, leading Jamie and Wordsworth the sheepdog to the psychedelic fantasy world of Cuckooland. Stars: Brian Trueman, Kate Murray-Henderson Charming finger puppet series with Yoffy (Jones) telling stories featuring Fingermouse, Scampi, Gulliver the Seagull, and other animal characters. Stars: Rick Jones Popular British children's animation series, repeated almost constantly since 1971. Mr Benn is the ordinary, bowler-hatted office worker who lives in the ordinary suburban street of Festive... See full summary  » Stars: Ray Brooks     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.6/10 X   A sequel, of sorts, to Camberwick Green but set in the larger, nearby town of Trumpton. Each episode opens with the town hall clock and ends with the fire brigade band playing. Every show tells the story of one of the townsfolk. Stars: Brian Cant The Flumps (TV Series 1976) Animation | Family The adventures of a family of cute, furry creatures - The Flumps. Grandpa Flump, Ma and Pa Flump, their eldest son Perkin, daughter Posie and youngest son Pootle. Each episode contains fun songs and a story from the 'Big Book'. Stars: Gay Soper Harold and Ethel Meaker live in South Ealing and run 'Rentaghost' where they rent ghosts out to the public. Over the years many ghosts came and went but the main Rentaghost crew consisted ... See full summary  » Stars: Michael Staniforth, Edward Brayshaw, Anthony Jackson Children's puppet programme featuring music and stories. Stars: Geoffrey Hayes, Roy Skelton, Stanley Bates A melancholic children's animation from the 'Smallfilms' team of Postgate and Firmin. Bagpuss and his friends are toys in a turn of the century shop for 'found things'. When young Emily ... See full summary  » Stars: Oliver Postgate, Sandra Kerr, John Faulkner Children's animation from the 'Smallfilms' team of Postgate and Firmin. In the 'top, left hand corner of Wales' runs an archaic railway line staffed by such characters as Jones the Steam ... See full summary  » Stars: Olwen Griffiths, Anthony Jackson, Oliver Postgate The true story of Sherwood Forest is finally revealed: Robin was a cowardly tailor from Kensington, and Marian was the brains behind the Merry Men. With her ruthless band of freedom ... See full summary  » Stars: Kate Lonergan, Adam Morris, Danny John-Jules     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8.5/10 X   A team of 6 contestants play a series of physical, mental, skill and mystery games across 4 themed zones gaining as many crystals as possible which determine how many seconds they get as they attempt to win a prize inside the Crystal Dome. Stars: Richard O'Brien, Edward Tudor-Pole, Sandra Caron Button Moon (TV Series 1980) Family Mr Spoon and his family live on Junk Planet. He travels in his baked bean tin spaceship across blanket sky to Button Moon. There he meets many strange characters and watches stories unfold on other planets using his telescope. Stars: Robin Parkinson Edit Storyline A fondly remembered British children's animated show. Bod is a curious little boy who lives in a small town. Bod has four friends who live nearby and in most editions of the show he meets up with all of them at some point. Bod's friends are Aunt


Which politically active Chinese artist was arrested for “Economic Crimes' in 2011?

Ai Weiwei | Article about Ai Weiwei by The Free Dictionary Ai Weiwei | Article about Ai Weiwei by The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Ai+Weiwei Also found in: Dictionary . Ai Weiwei (ī` wāwā), 1957–, Chinese artist, architect, filmmaker, and political activist. He is the son of poet Ai Ch'ing Ai Ch'ing or Ai Qing , pseud. of Chiang Hai-ch'eng or Jiang Haicheng, 1910–96, Chinese poet. After studying painting in France (1929–32), where he discovered realist literature and was particularly influenced by the Belgian poet ..... Click the link for more information. , who was internally exiled (1958–76) to work camps with his family. Ai subsequently studied at the Beijing Film Institute, began to make avant-garde art, and became politically active. From 1981 to 1993 he lived in New York City and studied at the Parsons Inst. of Design. In the mid-1990s he and two other artists published an influential trilogy of books on avant-garde Chinese artists. Ai began to attract international attention with such works as the photo tryptich Dropping a Han Dynasty Urn (1995) and his reassembled Ming and Ch'ing artifacts, which embody his recurring themes of destruction and recreation. He opened an art atelier and architectural practice and helped design the Beijing Olympics "Bird's Nest" stadium (2008), but soon disassociated himself from the games. His best-known works include the backpacks and text installations (2009) commemorating the children who died in poorly built schools in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake and the Tate Modern's installation (2010) of millions of porcelain sunflower seeds. Ai began writing a blog in 2005, which by 2008 had become a venue for political satire and dissidence. In 2009 a severe police beating required emergency surgery; the next year he was placed under house arrest. In 2011 the government razed his Shanghai studio and he was arrested, ostensibly for tax evasion, detained secretly and interrogated for 81 days, then had his travel restricted; he was not permitted to travel abroad until 2015. His design firm was also fined $2.4 million for tax evasion. In 2012 the government revoked his business license, forcing his architectural firm to close. Ai created six half-scale fiberglass dioramas depicting his detention; smuggled out of China, they were exhibited in Venice in 2013. A multimedia exhibition made for Alcatraz Alcatraz [Sp. Álcatraces=pelicans], rocky island in San Francisco Bay, W Calif, about one mile (1.61 km) north of San Francisco. Alcatraz was first sighted by the Spanish in 1772 (and possibly three years earlier). ..... Click the link for more information.  (2014–15) focused on human rights and on prisoners of conscience and featured large portraits of prisoners made with small plastic bricks. He subsequently created several works and performances in Greece, Germany, and Denmark to protest Europe's treatment of Syrian refugees. Bibliography See L. Ambrozy, ed., Ai Weiwei's Blog: Writings, Interviews, and Digital Rants, 2006–2009 (2011) and L. Warsh, ed., Weiwei-isms (2012); study by K. Smith et al. (2009); B. Martin, Hanging Man: The Arrest of Ai Weiwei (2013); A. Klayman, dir. Ai Weiwei: Never Sorry (documentary, 2012).


Brother and sister Scout and Jem are the main characters in which book?

SparkNotes: To Kill a Mockingbird: Character List To Kill a Mockingbird Plot Overview Analysis of Major Characters Jean Louise “Scout” Finch -  The narrator and protagonist of the story. Scout lives with her father, Atticus, her brother, Jem, and their black cook, Calpurnia, in Maycomb. She is intelligent and, by the standards of her time and place, a tomboy. Scout has a combative streak and a basic faith in the goodness of the people in her community. As the novel progresses, this faith is tested by the hatred and prejudice that emerge during Tom Robinson’s trial. Scout eventually develops a more grown-up perspective that enables her to appreciate human goodness without ignoring human evil. Atticus Finch -  Scout and Jem’s father, a lawyer in Maycomb descended from an old local family. A widower with a dry sense of humor, Atticus has instilled in his children his strong sense of morality and justice. He is one of the few residents of Maycomb committed to racial equality. When he agrees to defend Tom Robinson, a black man charged with raping a white woman, he exposes himself and his family to the anger of the white community. With his strongly held convictions, wisdom, and empathy, Atticus functions as the novel’s moral backbone. Jeremy Atticus “Jem” Finch -  Scout’s brother and constant playmate at the beginning of the story. Jem is something of a typical American boy, refusing to back down from dares and fantasizing about playing football. Four years older than Scout, he gradually separates himself from her games, but he remains her close companion and protector throughout the novel. Jem moves into adolescence during the story, and his ideals are shaken badly by the evil and injustice that he perceives during the trial of Tom Robinson. Arthur “Boo” Radley -  A recluse who never sets foot outside his house, Boo dominates the imaginations of Jem, Scout, and Dill. He is a powerful symbol of goodness swathed in an initial shroud of creepiness, leaving little presents for Scout and Jem and emerging at an opportune moment to save the children. An intelligent child emotionally damaged by his cruel father, Boo provides an example of the threat that evil poses to innocence and goodness. He is one of the novel’s “mockingbirds,” a good person injured by the evil of mankind. Bob Ewell -  A drunken, mostly unemployed member of Maycomb’s poorest family. In his knowingly wrongful accusation that Tom Robinson raped his daughter, Ewell represents the dark side of the South: ignorance, poverty, squalor, and hate-filled racial prejudice. Charles Baker “Dill” Harris -  Jem and Scout’s summer neighbor and friend. Dill is a diminutive, confident boy with an active imagination. He becomes fascinated with Boo Radley and represents the perspective of childhood innocence throughout the novel. Miss Maudie Atkinson -  The Finches’ neighbor, a sharp-tongued widow, and an old friend of the family. Miss Maudie is almost the same age as Atticus’s younger brother, Jack. She shares Atticus’s passion for justice and is the children’s best friend among Maycomb’s adults. Calpurnia -  The Finches’ black cook. Calpurnia is a stern disciplinarian and the children’s bridge between the white world and her own black community. Aunt Alexandra -  Atticus’s sister, a strong-willed woman with a fierce devotion to her family. Alexandra is the perfect Southern lady, and her commitment to propriety and tradition often leads her to clash with Scout. Mayella Ewell -  Bob Ewell’s abused, lonely, unhappy daughter. Though one can pity Mayella because of her overbearing father, one cannot pardon her for her shameful indictment of Tom Robinson. Tom Robinson -  The black field hand accused of rape. Tom is one of the novel’s “mockingbirds,” an important symbol of innocence destroyed by evil. Link Deas -  Tom Robinson’s employer. In his willingness to look past race and praise the integrity of Tom’s character, Deas epitomizes the opposite of prejudice. Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose -  An elderly, ill-tempered, racist woman who lives near the Finches. Although Jem believes that


Which musical era began in August 1935 at LA’s Palomar Ballroom?

The Swing Era begins with Benny Goodman’s triumphant Palomar Ballroom performance - Aug 21, 1935 - HISTORY.com The Swing Era begins with Benny Goodman’s triumphant Palomar Ballroom performance Share this: The Swing Era begins with Benny Goodman’s triumphant Palomar Ballroom performance Author The Swing Era begins with Benny Goodman’s triumphant Palomar Ballroom performance URL Publisher A+E Networks The sound of swing, which utterly dominated the American popular-music scene in the late 1930s and early 1940s, instantly evokes images of tuxedo-clad Big Bands and dance floors crowded with exuberant jitterbugs dancing the Shag and the Lindy Hop. While the roots of swing music clearly lie in earlier forms of jazz—and particularly in African-American jazz performance styles—swing as we know it may just have been born at a specific time and in a specific place, with an electric performance by one particular Big Band for one particularly enthusiastic audience. The time and place was August 21, 1935, at the Palomar Ballroom in Los Angeles, California, where Benny Goodman and his band emphatically opened the Swing Era with an exuberant performance witnessed by thousands of young fans in the live audience and millions more tuning in to a live radio broadcast. Benny Goodman had been a successful featured soloist in various prominent bands and the leader of his own trio and big band for several years before making his breakthrough at Palomar. The ninth of 12 children in a large Jewish family in Chicago, Goodman had been sent by his father at the age of 10 in 1919 to the local synagogue for clarinet lessons in the hopes that a music career might provide him a way out of poverty. By his early teens, Goodman had proven his father correct by becoming a working professional, and by 24, he was successful enough to land his band a regular gig on a weekly radio program broadcast out of New York City called Let’s Dance. It was there that Goodman began performing “hot” arrangements by African-American bandleader Fletcher Henderson—arrangements that departed from the more romantic style of the day by employing loose, upbeat, syncopated rhythms that had been common in African-American jazz ensembles for years. Goodman’s band would often appear well past midnight, New York time, on Let’s Dance. And while this limited their exposure on the East Coast, Goodman would soon discover a huge new fan base when he took his group west to California. Already familiar with Benny Goodman’s exciting new style from his Friday night radio appearances, a huge crowd of young people turned out for his Palomar Ballroom debut on this day in 1935. It was a promising start to an engagement Goodman hoped would salvage a summer tour otherwise judged a failure. But Goodman stuck to relatively staid, stock arrangements during the first part of that night’s show, and he began to lose the young crowd. Before their return from the first intermission, the band’s drummer, Gene Krupa, is said to have urged Goodman, “If we’re gonna die, Benny, let’s die playing our own thing.” It was at that point that Benny Goodman famously pulled out Henderson’s arrangements along with all the stops on his talented orchestra, to the crowd’s immense delight. Related Videos


Which building’s proposed extension did Prince Charles describe as a great carbuncle?

The Prince of Wales on architecture: his 10 'monstrous carbuncles' - Telegraph The Royal Family The Prince of Wales on architecture: his 10 'monstrous carbuncles' The Prince of Wales has defended his views on modern buildings 25 years after his 'monstrous carbuncle' speech but architects remained divided on whether his comments have made any difference.   Image 1 of 5 Prince Charles insists he had not intended to "kick-start some kind of 'style war' between Classicists and Modernists" Photo: REUTERS   Image 1 of 5 Plans for a skyscraper to replace the Mappin & Webb building were scrapped, only to be replaced by a design Charles said "looks rather like an old 1930s wireless" Photo: TELEGRAPH   Poundbury, modelled on traditional linear village development  Photo: JOHN ROBERTSON   Richard Rogers' plan for a housing scheme at the former Chelsea Barracks    Prince Charles backs Quinlan Terry's plan for Chelsea Barracks  By Alastair Jamieson 1:33PM BST 13 May 2009 He insisted he had not intended to "kick-start some kind of 'style war' between Classicists and Modernists" despite making outspoken comments on several major public projects since his first speech in 1984. Leading architects have accused the Prince of threatening the "democratic process" with his latest "destructive" intervention in plans for a £1bn housing scheme on the former Chelsea Barracks site in London. He apologised at a dinner to mark the 175th anniversary of the Royal Institute of British Architects' (RIBA) - the same audience where he made his infamous 'carbuncle' speech at the organisation's 150th celebrations. So what has the Prince actually said about the buildings about which he has campaigned, and has he made any difference? The Telegraph spoke to his supporters and critics about his top 10 clashes with the architectural elite. 1. National Gallery Extension, Trafalgar Square, London Related Articles Prince Charles suffers setback in Chelsea Barracks planning fight with Qatar royal family 12 Jun 2009 WHAT THE PRINCE SAID: On 30 May 1984 Prince Charles sent shock waves through architecture when he used a speech to the 150th anniversary of the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) to lambast modern design, describing a scheme by Peter Ahrends for the a towering extension to the National Gallery as a "monstrous carbuncle on the face of a much-loved and elegant friend". WHAT HAPPENED: The Ahrends scheme was scrapped, marking an early victory for Charles. The eventual design, built in 1991 following a donation from Lord Sainsbury was created by the postmodernist architects Robert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown. "The result is not as exciting but looking at it now we can see it does work well," said Amanda Baillieu, editor of Building Design. The RIBA website now refers to the speech as "a discourtesy to architectural history." 2. One Poultry, London WHAT THE PRINCE SAID: In the same 'carbuncle' speech the Prince burned his friendship with polo pal Peter (now Lord) Palumbo by criticising his plans, devised by German-born modernist Mies van der Rohe, for a skyscraper to replace the Victorian Mappin & Webb building. "It would be a tragedy if the character and skyline of our capital city were to be further ruined and St Paul's dwarfed by yet another giant glass stump, better suited to downtown Chicago than the City of London," said the Prince. WHAT HAPPENED: A hollow victory for HRH. The plans were abandoned, only to be replaced by a design by Sir James Stirling that Charles later said "looks rather like an old 1930s wireless". Lord Palumbo, who became chairman of the Arts Council, responded: "I can only say God bless the Prince of Wales, and God save us from his architectural judgment." 3. Redevelopment of Paternoster Square, London WHAT THE PRINCE SAID: He criticised a 1987 scheme by Richard (now Lord) Rogers. "You have to give this much to the Luftwaffe," he told the Corporation of London Planning and Communication Committee's annual dinner at Mansion House. "When it knocked down our buildings, it didn't replace them with anything more offensive tha


In geology what is the layer below the earth’s crust?

Layers Of The Earth: What Lies Beneath Earth's Crust Layers Of The Earth: What Lies Beneath Earth's Crust {{article.article.images.featured.caption}} Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. Full Bio The author is a Forbes contributor. The opinions expressed are those of the writer. Loading ... This story appears in the {{article.article.magazine.pretty_date}} issue of {{article.article.magazine.pubName}}. Subscribe The layers of Earth (Credit: www.phys.org) The layers of Earth provide geologists and geophysicists clues to how Earth formed, the layers that make up other planetary bodies, the source of Earth's resources, and much more. Modern advances have allowed scientists to study what lies beneath our feet in more detail than ever before and yet there still remains significant gaps in our understanding. I hope this guide will walk you through the layers of the Earth, provide a general sense of our understanding and our current gaps. Keep in mind that this is an area of ongoing research and is likely to become more refined in the coming years and decades. During my second year at Edinburgh [1826-27] I attended Jameson's lectures on Geology and Zoology, but they were incredible dull. The sole effect they produced on me was the determination never as long as I lived to read a book on Geology. - Charles Darwin The Layers Of Earth The Earth has layers not unlike an onion and can be dissected to understand the physical and chemical properties of each layer and its influence on the rest of the Earth. Generally speaking, Earth has 4 layers: the outer crust that we live on, the plastic-like mantle, the liquid outer core, and the solid inner core. When differentiating the layers, geologists lump subdivisions into two categories, either rheologically or chemically. Rheological differentiation speaks to the liquid state of rocks under tremendous pressure and temperature. For instance, rock will respond very differently to strain under normal atmospheric temperatures and pressures as compared to fewer than thousands of kilometers of rock. If we subdivide the Earth based on rheology, we see the lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, and inner core. However, if we differentiate the layers based on chemical variations, we lump the layers into crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. To understand the difference in various portions of the mantle or outer versus inner core you must understand phase diagrams, which I will speak on below. A cartoon block of the layers of earth (Credit: USGS) Earth's Crust The crust is what you and I live on and is by far the thinnest of the layers of earth. The thickness varies depending on where you are on earth, with oceanic crust being 5-10 km and continental mountain ranges being up to 30-45 km thick. Thin oceanic crust is denser than the thicker continental crust and therefore 'floats' lower in the mantle as compared to continental crust. You will find some of the thinnest oceanic crust along mid ocean ridges where new crust is actively being formed. In comparison, when two continents collide as in the case of the India Plate and Eurasia Plate, you get some of the thickest sections of crust as it is crumpled together. The temperatures within Earth's crust will vary from air temperatures at the surface to approximately 870 degrees Celsius in deeper sections. At this temperature, you begin to melt rock and form the below-lying mantle. Geologists subdivide Earth's crust into different plates that move about in relation to one another. Given that Earth's surface is mostly constant in area, you cannot make crust without destroying a comparable amount of crust. With convection of the underlying mantle, we see insertion of mantle magma along mid ocean ridges, constantly forming new oceanic crust. However, to make room for this, oceanic crust must subduct (sink below) continental crust. Geologists have studied extensively the history of this plate movement, but we are sorely lacking in determining why and how these plates move the way they do. Plate tectonic map of the Earth (


Which BBC newsreader narrated‘Mary, Mungo and Midge’?

Mary, Mungo and Midge - Childrens TV | Jedi's Paradise Mary, Mungo and Midge Mary, Mungo and Midge is a 60’s Children’s TV cartoon, which was created by John Ryan. It was made by John Ryan Studios Productions, for the BBC. It followed in the same vein as his other shows (such as Captain Pugwash), which was filming cardboard cut-outs being moved around. It’s fascinating to watch and try to work out how they got all the cut-outs to work together to make each scene, it certainly was an art.   Richard Baker, who was known as a news reader at the time, narrated the show, with Isabel Ryan (the daughter of John Ryan) providing the voice of Mary. Jonny Pearson provided the distinct music and the show was written by Daphane Jones.   Mary, Mungo and Midge was designed to show the life of a child living in a town, showing children how things, and people, worked in the outside world. Plus it pointed out the dangers that could be encountered on city streets. They ask ‘Do you live in a town?’. Only 13 episodes were ever made, with the final episode retracing all the places they had visited on the previous episodes, in a dream of Midge’s.     Story  Mary lives in a block of flats in a busy town. Its the flat at the very top, the one with the flower boxes. Here Mary lives here with her mother and father, and her two best friends, Mungo (her dog) and Midge (her pet mouse).   Mungo and Midge likes to take in the sights of the surrounding area, such as the park. When they leave the flats, Midge climbs onto Mungo's nose to press the button to call the lift. Once in the lift they watch the lights in the lift count down to the ground floor, where Midge usually runs off into the outside world, with poor old Mungo trying to catch him up.   Eventually Mungo would find Midge, where he was in the thick of trouble, which Mungo would have to help get him out of it. Mary     (voiced by Isabel Ryan) Mary is a little girl who is always busy and likes playing in her large sunny room with games, picture books and toys. She likes to show Mungo and Midge how to make things, like making potato patterns, and she also teaches them what happens in certain places and about how things work, such as flying machines and what happens on farms. When Mungo and Midge are bickering between each other, it is Mary who steps in to keep the peace. She tries to keep Midge safe, but he is always running off. Mary has had to rescue him a few times, such as the time he was dangling from a tree when he flew up there hanging onto a balloon. Luckily for Midge she is good at climbing and climbed up to save him from falling. Once, she broke her leg and had to go to hospital to get a plaster cast put on it. Mary was told she would have to stay the night, and Midge snook in to see how she was, but ended up staying the night with her, to keep her company (and to have a look around).   Mungo     (voiced by Richard Baker) Mungo is Mary's wise old dog, who likes to help Mary around the flat and play. He likes to read and printing paint patterns with his paws. Mungo likes to go to the park with Mary, as he gets a chance to go to the local play area, where he zooms down the slide many times. He acts like a father figure to Midge and enjoys explaining things to Midge and what they do, such as the crane in the building site. But he also gets cross with Midge when he doesn't listen to him and gets into mischief. He has been known to chase Midge back home to the Flats after he was naughty. Plus he wishes Midge wouldn’t play his flute, as he only knows one tune, which he plays over and over again, much to the annoyance of Mungo. Especially when it wakes him up, as Mungo just likes peace and quiet He's always helpful and is always mindful and even takes himself for a walk by barking at the door to be let out, and he uses his nose to select the right floor in the lift. He always makes sure the lift door closes when he gets out of it. Once, he found himself lost, so found a Policeman for help, who found his name and address from the tag on his collar and took him home. Midge was even worried about


Hudson Lowe (1769 - 1844) - Genealogy Hudson Lowe Galway, Galway City, Galway, Ireland Death: in London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom Cause of death: July 28 1769 - Galway, Ireland Death: July 28 1769 - Galway, County Galway, Ireland Death: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... SIR HUDSON LOWE. Twenty three years after the death of the Emperor 'Napoleon, the Governor of St. Helena is called away from this life, ... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... late Sir is now the senior admiral of the British DEATH OF SIR HUDSON Hudson Lowe expired on Wednesday evening ... with the privilege of... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... obtained the colonelcy of the r»Oth Foot. .Nov. 17. IKrj. Hv the demi.se of Sir Hudson Lowe the colonelcy ... C©1?1IT AWH FASISIOMASEsB.... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... DEATH OF SIR HUDSON LOWE. Sir Hudson Lowe expired on Wednesday the effects of the severe ... , drawn up by Sir Hudson Lowe’s own hand, o... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... Berkeleysquare on from His lordship ia going on DEATH OF SIR HUDSON Hudson Lowe expired ... surviving member of the Jaco bin Club and ma... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: "...28 COURT DEATH OF SIR HUISON Hudson Lowe expired on Wednesday evening from the effects of the severe attack of paralysis of which he ... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ...he purpose of expressing the deep sympathy of that body, oa account of the accident which he had sustained ; aed that it was sincerely tr... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... i mundane affairs but thi is in THE GAOLER OF DEATH OF SIR HUDSON Sir Hudson Lowe expired on Wednesday evening from the effects of the s... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... Berkeleysquare on from His lordship is going ou DEATH OF SIR HUDSON Hudson Lowe expired on from the effects of the severe attack of of w... Date: NewspaperARCHIVE.com Text: ... K.C.B. and G.C. St. Michael and St. George. By tho demise of Sir Hudson Lowe the colonelcy of the 50th Regiment is now vacant. Dbath op ... Date: Sir Hudson Lowe KCB, GCMG (28 July 1769 – 10 January 1844) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and colonial administrator who is best known for his time as Governor of St Helena where he was the "gaoler" of Napoleon Bonaparte. Early life and career The son of John Lowe, an army surgeon, he was born at Galway in Ireland, his mother's native country. His childhood was spent in various garrison towns, particularly in the West Indies, but he was educated chiefly at Salisbury Grammar. He obtained a post as ensign in the East Devon Militia when he was eleven. In 1787 he entered his father's regiment, the 50th Foot, which was then serving at Gibraltar under Governor-General Charles O'Hara. In 1791 he was promoted to Lieutenant. The same year he was granted eighteen months leave, and chose to spend the time travelling through Italy rather than return to Britain. He chose to avoid travelling to France because the French Revolution had recently broken out. Corsica Lowe arrived back at Gibraltar shortly after the outbreak of war between Britain and France in early 1793. The 50th were sent to take part in the Defence of Toulon which had been seized by an Allied force under Lord Hood after an invitation by French Royalists in the city. The 50th arrived too late to assist the defence, as the Allied forces had already withdrawn from the city. They were then redirected to Corsica, a French-owned island, where British troops had been sent to join with Corsicans under Pasquale Paoli. Lowe's regiment served as part of General Dundas's force during the Siege of Bastia and Siege of Calvi driving the French from the island. The regiment was stationed in Bastia. Lowe volunteered to fetch supplies from Livorno in Italy, but nearly died of malaria during the journey there. When he recovered Lowe returned to Corsica, and was stationed in the citadel at Ajaccio as an aide to the Governor Colonel Wauchope close to where Napoleon Bonaparte's sisters had recently been living before they fled to mainland France. In October 1796 it was decided to abandon Corsica and the force at A


In literature, which paradox is first explained by Doc Daneeka?

The symbol of Catch-22 in Catch-22 from LitCharts | The creators of SparkNotes Rome A Catch-22 is a particular kind of paradox first described to Yossarian by Doc Daneeka. This catch is described as follows: any soldier sane enough to hate warfare is sane enough to have to participate in the war, whereas any soldier crazy enough to like war is too crazy to fight it. Yossarian recognizes this catch as a particularly inescapable case of logical paradox. The Catch-22 recurs throughout the book, both in comic and in tragic form. Many of Yossarian’s interactions with military higher-ups, and with his tent-mate Orr and the officers Aarfy and Milo, are dictated by exactly this kind of impossibility. Catch-22s can lead to instances of humor, as in chains of miscommunication among military bureaucrats. But Cathcart’s desire to increase the number of required missions, a part of Catch-22, also results in the death of nearly all of Yossarian’s closest comrades. Catch-22 Quotes in Catch-22 The Catch-22 quotes below all refer to the symbol of Catch-22. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one: ). Note: all page and citation info for the quotes below refers to the Simon & Schuster edition of Catch-22 published in 1996. Chapter 1 Quotes Insanity is contagious. This is the only sane ward in the whole hospital. Everybody is crazy but us. This is probably the only sane ward in the whole world, for that matter. Related Characters: John “Yo-Yo” Yossarian (speaker) Related Symbols: Catch-22 Download it! Catch-22 Symbol Timeline in Catch-22 The timeline below shows where the symbol Catch-22 appears in Catch-22. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance. Chapter 5: Chief White Halfoat ...is not crazy. Daneeka explains that this is a catch in the system—he calls it “Catch-22.” (full context) ...behaving rationally, thus he’d be sane and forced to fly more missions. Yossarian remarks that “Catch-22” is a “powerful” catch, and Daneeka agrees. (full context) Chapter 6: Hungry Joe ...missions (55, at time point) than the 27th Squadron requires (only 40). Wintergreen answers that Catch-22 is to blame. Yossarian must obey all orders—whatever Cathcart commands—regardless of what Cathcart himself is... (full context) Chapter 10: Wintergreen ...duty by breaking the rules and serving his punishment. Wintergreen identifies this situation as a Catch-22. (full context) Chapter 25: The Chaplain ...He is told he may wait for the Major, and does—but then feels that the Catch-22 (the Major will only take guests when he is out) is a practical joke aimed... (full context) Chapter 39: The Eternal City ...apartment that used to be inhabited by the prostitutes, and the woman claims that a “catch-22” is to blame. (full context) ...who busted up the apartment argued that their having to leave the flat was a catch-22, but they did not explain the phrase’s meaning. The woman asks Yossarian who will take... (full context) Chapter 40: Catch-22 But there’s is a catch, of course—a catch-22. Cathcart and Korn tell Yossarian that he will be sent home only if he pretends... (full context) Chapter 42: Yossarian ...closer to settling on running away, which he considers a path out of this last catch-22—whether or not to accept Cathcart’s deal. (full context) ...cowardly move, but Yossarian argues it is a way of taking an active step—refusing the catch-22 presented by Korn and Cathcart, breaking the cycle of military control of his life, and... (full context) Cite This Page


Goodluck Jonathan was defeated in an election in 2015 ending his term as president of which country?

Nigeria's Goodluck Jonathan, profile of a defeated president - BBC News BBC News Nigeria's Goodluck Jonathan, profile of a defeated president 31 March 2015 Close share panel Image copyright AFP Defeated in his bid for re-election in the 28 March poll, Nigeria's Goodluck Jonathan had a rapid and highly improbable rise to power, Until November 2009, he was serving out his time as a low-key deputy from the south of the country to a low-key president from the north. But then, President Umaru Yar'Adua was taken to hospital in Saudi Arabia and was not seen again in public until he died on 5 May 2010. Step forward, Mr Jonathan. After months of political wrangling, Nigeria's elite finally accepted him as acting leader in February 2010 when the ailing president returned home, but remained too ill to govern. Barely 12 hours after Mr Yar'Adua's death, Mr Jonathan was sworn in as the new president and commander-in-chief of the armed forces of Africa's most populous nation - one of its most fractious democracies. Not bad for a man who had never been elected to major public office in his own right. 'Super pastors' He defied the governing People's Democratic Party's (PDP) tradition of alternating presidential power between north and south after two terms of office by winning the party's primaries. In 2011, he won his first election - for president - despite opposition claims of fraud. Goodluck Jonathan in focus: Born in 1957 in the oil-rich Niger Delta region, Mr Jonathan is a Christian from the Ijaw ethnic group. He is said to be extremely close to the "super pastors" of Nigeria's hugely popular Pentecostal churches. His family's trade was canoe-making, but he studied zoology at university. He worked as an education inspector, lecturer and environmental protection officer before going into politics in 1998. Image copyright AFP Image caption Many illegal oil refineries exist in Nigeria's Bayelsa state, from where the president hails Just as his rapid rise to power in the federal government owed a lot to luck, so too did his promotion to state governor. Elected as deputy governor for his home state, Bayelsa, in 1999, he was once again serving his time without particular distinction. Until, that is, his boss was impeached on corruption charges. 'Meteoric rise' Mr Jonathan took over as governor and two years later was hand-picked by former President Olusegun Obasanjo to run on the PDP's ticket as vice-presidential candidate in 2007. PDP insiders regarded him as a politician without a political base - and more of an administrator than a leader. Image copyright Reuters Image caption Mr Jonathan was chosen as the PDP's presidential candidate for 2015 without a contest It had been suggested that Nigeria's many groups of powerbrokers agreed to let Mr Jonathan formally become acting president only because he was not seen as a threat. But he threw his hat into the ring at the PDP primaries and with several central and northern states backing him, proved his political acumen. "There has not been any rise that's been so meteoric in Nigeria," analyst Charles Dokubo said in 2010. On the relevance of the acting president's name, he said: "What is luck? Luck is when you can take advantage of an opportunity. He was in the right place at the right time." Image copyright AFP Image caption Ex-military ruler Muhammadu Buhari beat Mr Jonathan Journalist Ben Shemang is among the many Nigerians who believe Mr Jonathan's name had given him an advantage. He told the BBC that Mr Jonathan was doubly lucky as his other given name was equally propitious - Ebele, which means "God's wish". "That tells you that it was the wish of the parents for him to be successful," he said. Amnesty But Mr Jonathan's luck finally ran out when he lost the 28 March presidential election to Gen Muhammadu Buhari. This has made him the first sitting president to be defeated in a Nigerian election. Image copyright AFP Image caption An insurgency waged by militant Islamists has caused havoc in the north Image copyright AFP Image caption Boko Haram has vowed to create an Islamic state in Ni


River Ouse | Canal & River Trust Find events and activities within miles of The picturesque Yorkshire River Ouse is rich in nature, edged in many places by expansive water meadows, which provide a home for a wide variety of wildlife. In York, the Millennium Bridge creates an interesting circular walk from the city centre via the tree-lined Georgian avenue of New Walk. The riverside Rowntree Park has woodland walks, an ornamental lake and sports facilities. Boaters should note that the river becomes tidal below Naburn Locks, and the waterway downstream of Selby is not recommended for novices. The lower reaches of the river are only suitable for seaworthy craft. Find stoppages, restrictions and other navigational advice for this waterway. The history The Viking settlement discovered deep below the streets of modern York harks back to when the city was known as Jorvik. But the River Ouse was already carrying visitors long before the arrival of the Vikings, and has been used as a commercial navigation since the time of the Romans. The fertile land around York produced lush agricultural produce, and the River Ouse was once the conduit for exports - as well as for the import of raw materials into the city. Nowadays the port of Goole handles most of the remaining commercial traffic. At York, the River Ouse is met by the River Foss. Opened as a navigation in the early 19th century, the Foss was never particularly profitable but was nonetheless busy and was being used for large-scale transport of newsprint up to 1997. Upstream of York the River Ouse changes its name to the River Ure at Ouse Gill Beck. At Swale Nab it is met by the Swale Navigation which, together with navigational work along the adjoining Cod Beck, was never completed. The Ripon Canal extends the navigation a further 2.5 miles into Ripon.


How is Jordan Belfort described in a 2014 film title?

The Wolf of Wall Street (2013) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error The Wolf of Wall Street ( 2013 ) R | From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC Based on the true story of Jordan Belfort , from his rise to a wealthy stock-broker living the high life to his fall involving crime, corruption and the federal government. Director: a list of 43 titles created 10 Nov 2013 a list of 23 titles created 26 Jan 2015 a list of 47 titles created 28 May 2015 a list of 49 titles created 15 Oct 2015 a list of 27 titles created 3 months ago Title: The Wolf of Wall Street (2013) 8.2/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for     5     Oscars. Another    36 wins & 155 nominations. See more awards  » Videos With the help of a German bounty hunter, a freed slave sets out to rescue his wife from a brutal Mississippi plantation owner. Director: Quentin Tarantino A thief, who steals corporate secrets through use of dream-sharing technology, is given the inverse task of planting an idea into the mind of a CEO. Director: Christopher Nolan In Nazi-occupied France during World War II, a plan to assassinate Nazi leaders by a group of Jewish U.S. soldiers coincides with a theatre owner's vengeful plans for the same. Directors: Quentin Tarantino, Eli Roth Stars: Brad Pitt, Diane Kruger, Eli Roth In 1954, a U.S. marshal investigates the disappearance of a murderess who escaped from a hospital for the criminally insane. Director: Martin Scorsese The lives of two mob hit men, a boxer, a gangster's wife, and a pair of diner bandits intertwine in four tales of violence and redemption. Director: Quentin Tarantino An insomniac office worker, looking for a way to change his life, crosses paths with a devil-may-care soap maker, forming an underground fight club that evolves into something much, much more. Director: David Fincher Forrest Gump, while not intelligent, has accidentally been present at many historic moments, but his true love, Jenny Curran, eludes him. Director: Robert Zemeckis A team of explorers travel through a wormhole in space in an attempt to ensure humanity's survival. Director: Christopher Nolan     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8.5/10 X   Eight years after the Joker's reign of anarchy, the Dark Knight, with the help of the enigmatic Selina, is forced from his imposed exile to save Gotham City, now on the edge of total annihilation, from the brutal guerrilla terrorist Bane. Director: Christopher Nolan When the menace known as the Joker wreaks havoc and chaos on the people of Gotham, the caped crusader must come to terms with one of the greatest psychological tests of his ability to fight injustice. Director: Christopher Nolan An undercover cop and a mole in the police attempt to identify each other while infiltrating an Irish gang in South Boston. Director: Martin Scorsese Two detectives, a rookie and a veteran, hunt a serial killer who uses the seven deadly sins as his modus operandi. Director: David Fincher Edit Storyline Jordan Belfort is a Long Island penny stockbroker who served 22 months in prison for defrauding investors in a massive 1990s securities scam that involved widespread corruption on Wall Street and in the corporate banking world, including shoe designer Steve Madden. Written by anonymous Biography  | Comedy  | Crime  | Drama Motion Picture Rating           ( MPAA ) Rated R for sequences of strong sexual content, graphic nudity, drug use and language throughout, and for some violence | See all certifications  » Parents Guide: 25 December 2013 (USA) See more  » Also Known As: El lobo de Wall Street See more  » Filming Locations: $18,510,000        (USA) (27 December 2013) Gross: Did You Know? Trivia When Jordan Belfort shows up at a gritty Long Island strip mall answering an advertisement for brokers, he enters


Who made the “Tryst with Destiny” speech in 1947?

Tryst With Destiny - A speech made by Jawaharlal Nehru - YouTube Tryst With Destiny - A speech made by Jawaharlal Nehru Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Nov 13, 2010 Tryst with Destiny was a speech made by Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of independent India. The speech was made to the Indian Constituent Assembly, on the eve of India's independence, towards midnight on 14 August 1947. It focuses on the aspects that transcend India's history. It is considered in modern India to be a landmark oration that captures the essence of the triumphant culmination of the hundred-year Indian freedom struggle against the British Empire in India.The phrase Rendezvous with destiny was used by FDR in his 1936 Democratic National Convention speech, inspiring the similar phrase Tryst with destiny by Jawaharlal Nehru Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge, not wholly or in full measure, but very substantially. At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom. A moment comes, which comes but rarely in history, when we step out from the old to the new, when an age ends, and when the soul of a nation, long suppressed, finds utterance.


What is the alternative name for the Snow Leopard?

snow leopard | mammal | Britannica.com Snow leopard Alternative Titles: Leo uncia, ounce, Panthera uncia Related Topics tiger Snow leopard, also called ounce, large long-haired Asian cat, classified as either Panthera uncia or Uncia uncia the in family Felidae . The snow leopard inhabits the mountains of central Asia and the Indian subcontinent, ranging from an elevation of about 1,800 metres (about 6,000 feet) in the winter to about 5,500 metres (18,000 feet) in the summer. Snow leopard (Panthera uncia or Uncia uncia), a carnivore that inhabits the … © wyssu/Fotolia Its soft coat, consisting of a dense insulating undercoat and a thick outercoat of hairs about 5 cm (2 inches) long, is pale grayish with dark rosettes and a dark streak along the spine. The underparts, on which the fur may be 10 cm (4 inches) long, are uniformly whitish. The snow leopard attains a length of about 2.1 metres (7 feet), including the 0.9-metre- (3-foot-) long tail. It stands about 0.6 metre (2 feet) high at the shoulder and weighs 23–41 kg (50–90 pounds). It hunts at night and preys on various animals , such as marmots , wild sheep , ibex (Capra), and domestic livestock . Its litters of two to four young are born after a gestation period of approximately 93 days. Adult snow leopards (Panthera uncia or Uncia uncia) can grow to a length of about 2.1 … Russ Kinne/Comstock Formerly classified as Leo uncia, the snow leopard has been placed—with the lion , tiger , and other big cats—in the genus Panthera. Because of the presence of certain skeletal features, such as having a shorter skull and having more-rounded eye orbits than other big cats, the snow leopard has also been classified by some authorities as the sole member of the genus Uncia. Genetic studies show that the common ancestor of snow leopards and tigers diverged from the lineage of big cats about 3.9 million years ago and snow leopards branched from tigers about 3.2 million years ago. Similar Topics


According to the record where were Typically Tropical going in 1975.

Typically Tropical | Biography & History | AllMusic google+ Artist Biography               by Amy Hanson Typically Tropical , the pseudo-Caribbean-flavored duo, was initially born from some half-cocked, half-baked scheme to compose a reggae song by two Morgan Studios employees, Geraint Hughes and Jeff Calvert, in 1974, in the wake of Calvert's own return from a Jamaican vacation. According to Hughes, the pair penned "Barbados" in just two hours, sitting down with just a piano and guitar. The two then took their song, later revered or reviled depending upon who was commenting, into Morgan and, under the cover of darkness, cut a demo using whatever they could get their hands on for backing tracks and instruments. As luck would have it, Hughes and Calvert signed to Gull Records within the year, scoring themselves a three-single deal. Taking "Barbados" into the studio for proper recording, and now using the group name Typically Tropical , the pair utilized the talents of some of Morgan's finest studio musicians, including guitarist Chris Spedding , the Tornados ' drummer Clem Cattini , Blue Mink 's Max West and Roger Coulam on keyboards, and guitarist Vic Flick among them. Hughes himself morphed into his alter egos, producer Max West and Tobias Wilcock, who provided vocals alongside Calvert. Interestingly, Wilcock was also the hero of "Barbados," as the captain of the song's ubiquitous Coconut Airways. Released in May 1975, "Barbados," backed with "Sandy," would spend nearly three months on the U.K. charts and score the band a completely unexpected number one. But really, how could something so catchy not infiltrate the mainstream psyche? Indeed, the single would go on to sell nearly 500,000 copies in the U.K. alone. On the strength of the single, Typically Tropical regrouped and recorded one LP, Barbados Sky, released on Gull later in 1975. With the project already far past Hughes and Calvert's expectations, two further singles, "Rocket Now" and "Everybody Play the Fool," were pulled off the album in October 1975 and the following May, respectively. Neither one managed to chart and Typically Tropical fell by the wayside not long after. However, "Barbados" itself made a stunning return in fall 1999, when it reappeared as the Vengaboys ' "We're Going to Ibiza." The song entered the charts at the top some 25 years after the original brought the scent of coconut and a heaping pinch of good humor to grizzly, drizzly England. Hughes and Calvert, meanwhile, would continue working together, penning such truly memorable songs as Sarah Brightman 's "I Lost My Heart to a Starship Trooper" in 1978. They also produced Judas Priest 's Sad Wings of Destiny LP.


In which city was the 2015 Women’s Football World Cup Final held?

2019 FIFA Women's World Cup finals: France - Women's World Cup - News - UEFA.com 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup finals: France The 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup finals will be held in France. Stade de Lyon will stage the opening game and the final empty provider 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup finals: France The 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup finals will be held in France. The 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup finals will be held in France in the summer of that year. There will be 24 finalists including eight European qualifiers alongside the hosts. Road to France: calendar Preliminary round draw: 13:30CET, 19 January 2017, Nyon Preliminary round: 6–11 April 2017 Qualifying group stage draw: 25 April 2017, Nyon Qualifying group stage: 11 September 2017–4 September 2018 Play-off draw: tbc September 2018, Nyon Play-off semi-finals: 1–9 October 2018 Play-off final: 5–13 November 2018 Finals draw: late 2018, France Finals: summer 2019, France Continental allocations for final tournament Africa (CAF): 3 Europe (UEFA): 8 plus hosts France North/Central America (CONCACAF): 3 plus 1 to play-off v CONMEBOL third place Oceania (OFC): 1 South America (CONMEBOL): 2 plus 1 to play-off v CONCACAF fourth place Past World Cup finals (European teams in bold) 2015: United States 5-2 Japan; Vancouver, Canada 2011: Japan 2-2 United States (aet, 3-1 pens); Frankfurt, Germany 2007: Germany 2-0 Brazil; Shanghai, China 2003: Germany 1-0 Sweden (aet, golden goal); Carson, United States 1999: United States 0-0 China (aet, 5-4 pens); Pasadena, United States 1995: Norway 2-0 Germany; Stockholm, Sweden 1991: United States 2-1 Norway; Guangzhou, China Past Olympic medallists (European teams in bold) 2016: Germany (gold), Sweden (silver), Canada (bronze); Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2012: United States (gold), Japan (silver), Canada (bronze); London, United Kingdom 2008: United States (gold), Brazil (silver), Germany (bronze); Beijing, China 2004: United States (gold), Brazil (silver), Germany (bronze); Athens, Greece 2000: Norway (gold), United States (silver), Germany (bronze); Sydney, Australia 1996: United States (gold), China (silver), Norway (bronze); Atlanta, United States ©UEFA.com 1998-2017. All rights reserved. http://www.uefa.com/womensworldcup/season=2019/finals/index.html#2019+fifa+womens+world+cup+finals+france Road to the final European qualifying for the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup comprises two group stages and a play-off round. France qualifying automatically as hosts. Preliminary round The 16 lower-ranked nations are drawn into two four-team mini-tournaments played from 6 to 11 April 2017. Each mini-tournament is staged by one of the countries and each team plays one another once with the group winners and the runner-up with the best record against the sides first and third in their section progressing. Group stage Those five teams join the remaining 30 entrants in seven groups of five nations drawn on 25 April 2017 and played from 11 September 2017 to 4 September 2018 on a home-and-away basis. The seven group winners qualify for the finals. The four runners-up with the best record against the sides first, third and fourth in their groups go into the play-offs for the remaining UEFA berths in France. Play-offs The four contenders are drawn into two ties played over two legs in October 2018. The two winners then meet in November 2018 to decide the final qualifiers. Finals Twenty-four teams, including France the other eight European qualifiers, will compete in the finals in the summer of 2019. There will be six groups of four teams with the top two plus the four best third-placed teams progressing to the knockout phase. Further details, including the criteria for separating teams that finish level on points in a group, or after extra time in a match, can be found in the official competition regulations . Key information


In 2015 the left wing Syriza party won the general election in which country?

Greece election: Anti-austerity Syriza wins election - BBC News Greece election: Anti-austerity Syriza wins election 26 January 2015 Close share panel Media captionThe BBC's Gavin Hewitt: "Syriza's supporters celebrated into the evening" Anti-austerity Syriza party has won Greece's general election, putting the country on a possible collision course with the EU over its massive bailout. With nearly 75% of the votes counted, Syriza is projected to win 149 seats, just two short of an absolute majority, though that number could change. Left-wing party leader Alexis Tsipras, who wants to renegotiate Greece's debt, said "the Greeks wrote history". The governing centre-right New Democracy has come a distant second. Outgoing Prime Minister Antonis Samaras has admitted defeat and phoned Mr Tsipras to congratulate him. Syriza's result will send shockwaves through Europe, the BBC's Gavin Hewitt in Athens reports. Media captionSyriza leader Alexis Tsipras: "Today the people of Greece wrote history" A majority of voters in Greece have essentially rejected a core policy for dealing with the eurozone crisis as devised by Brussels and Berlin, our correspondent adds. In Germany, Bundesbank President Jens Weidmann said he hoped "the new Greek government will not make promises it cannot keep and the country cannot afford". The election result is expected to be one of the main issues during Monday's meeting of 19 eurozone finance ministers. Belgium's representative Johan Van Overtveld was quoted by VRT network as saying that Greece "must respect the rules of monetary union", although he added that there was room for some - but not much - flexibility. British Prime Minister David Cameron - whose country is not a member of the eurozone - said the result of the Greek election would "increase economic uncertainty across Europe". Meanwhile, the euro fell to $1.1098 against the dollar - the lowest level in more than 11 years. 'Thing of the past' Addressing his jubilant supporters in front of Athens' university, Mr Tsipras said Greek voters gave Syriza "a clear, powerful mandate". Image copyright AP Image caption A large crowd gathered outside the headquarters of the Syriza party in Athens Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Crowds celebrated the victory late into the night in the capital Image copyright AP Image caption Supporters of Prime Minister Antonis Samaras of New Democracy watched with dismay "You are an example of history which is changing... Your mandate is undoubtedly cancelling the bailouts of austerity and destruction. "The troika for Greece is the thing of the past," he added, referring to the country's biggest international lenders - the European Union, International Monetary Fund (IMF) and European Central Bank (ECB). He also promised to negotiate a fair and mutually beneficial financial solution. Mr Tsipras earlier vowed to reverse many of the austerity measures adopted by Greece since a series of bailouts began in 2010. At the scene: BBC's Chris Morris in Athens On Klathmonos Square, the flags were flying high, supporters of Syriza were singing and dancing, there were hugs and tears and broad beaming smiles. This was an extraordinary victory for the radical left in Greece - probably beyond its own expectations. Alexis Tsipras will now try to lead an anti-austerity revolution, backed by a strong democratic mandate. He said in his victory speech that he is willing to negotiate with Greece's European partners. The question is: how much are they prepared to compromise with him? Syriza victory: A turning point? For his part, Mr Samaras said earlier: "The Greek people have spoken and I respect their decision," pointing out that he had inherited a "hot potato" on coming into office and that he and his party had done much to restore his country's finances. The result is being closely watched outside Greece, where it is believed a Syriza victory could encourage radical leftist parties across Europe. "There is an ongoing thriller surrounding the absolute majority," said Michalis Karyotoglou, head of Singular Logic, the software gr


In 1975, ‘Curtain’ was the last novel starring which character?

Curtain | Agatha Christie Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Edit After a year apart Hercule Poirot, now crippled with arthritis, is reunited with his old companion Captain Hastings, who has since become a widower. When they receive a letter from Styles Court, the place where they solved their first murder together, it seems like fate and they readily accept. However, after the great detective brands one of the seemingly harmless guests, whom he will only identify as 'X', a ruthless serial killer, people begin having doubts about the capability of his once renowned 'little grey cells'. But Poirot is aware that he alone must work quickly before the murderer strikes again, even if it means putting his life on the line... Plot summary Edit The murderer, identified by Poirot simply by the letter X, has been completely unsuspected of involvement in five previous murders, in all of which there was a clear suspect. Four of these suspects have subsequently died (one of them hanged), but in the case of Freda Clay, who gave her aunt an overdose of morphine, there was considered to be too little evidence to prosecute. Hastings agrees that it is highly unlikely to be coincidence if X was connected with all five deaths, but Poirot, now using a wheelchair due to arthritis and attended by his new valet Curtiss, will not give him X's name. He merely makes it clear that X is in the house, which has been turned into a private hotel by the new owners: Colonel and Mrs Luttrell. Hastings makes certain discoveries in the next few days. Elizabeth Cole, another guest at the hotel, reveals to him that she is in fact the sister of Margaret Litchfield, who had confessed to the murder of their father in one of the five cases. Margaret had died in Broadmoor Asylum and Elizabeth feels stigmatised by the case. Later that day Hastings and several other people overhear an argument between Colonel Luttrell and his wife. Shortly afterwards, he wounds her with a rook rifle, apparently mistaking her for a rabbit. Hastings reflects that this is precisely the sort of accident with which X is associated, but Mrs Luttrell rapidly recovers. Hastings is concerned by the attentions paid to his daughter Judith by Major Allerton, whom he discovers is married but estranged from his Catholic wife. While he and Elizabeth are out with Stephen Norton, another guest and a birdwatcher, Norton sees something through his binoculars that seems to upset him. Hastings suspects that it is something to do with Allerton and, when his clumsy attempts to persuade Judith to give Allerton up merely antagonise her, he plans Allerton's murder. He falls asleep while waiting to poison Allerton, and feels differently about things when he awakes the next day. Barbara Franklin, the wife of Judith's employer Dr Franklin and the childhood friend of Sir William Boyd Carrington, dies the following evening. She has been poisoned with physostigmine sulphate, an extract from the Calabar bean that her husband has been researching. After Poirot's testimony at the inquest – that Mrs Franklin had been upset and that she had emerged from Dr Franklin's laboratory with a small bottle – a verdict of suicide is brought in, but Hastings suspects that the death was murder and Poirot confirms this. Norton, still evidently upset about what he has seen through the binoculars, asks Hastings for his advice, which is to confide in Poirot. Poirot arranges a meeting between them and says that Norton must not speak to anyone further of what he has seen. That night, Hastings is awakened by a noise and sees Norton – with his dressing-gown, untidy grey hair and characteristic limp – go into his bedroom. The next morning, however, Norton is found dead in his locked room with a bullet-hole perfectly in the centre of his forehead, the key in his dressing-gown pocket and a pistol (remembered by a housemaid as belonging to him) nearby. Apparently, X has struck again. Poirot takes Hastings over the evidence, pointing out that his belief that he saw Norton that night relies on loose evidence: the dressing-gown, the hair, the limp.


According to the Old Testament, which place is the source of the river that divides into four other rivers - the Pishon, Gihon, Tigris and Euphrates?

The Rivers of the Garden of Eden The Lost Rivers of the Garden of Eden The quest for pinpointing the exact location of the Biblical Garden of Eden and the four rivers almost rivals the quest for the location of fabled Atlantis. And the theories that abound are almost as numerous as the interpretations of the seven days of Genesis. Before tackling this question let's review what is written in Genesis about the four rivers: And a river went out of Eden to water the garden;   and from thence it was parted, and became into four heads. The name of the first   is Pison: that is it which compasseth the whole land of Havilah, where there is   gold; And the gold of that land is good: there is bdellium and the onyx stone.   And the name of the second river is Gihon: the same is it that compasseth the   whole land of Ethiopia. And the name of the third river is Hiddekel: that is it   which goeth toward the east of Assyria. And the fourth river is Euphrates. (Genesis 2:10-14 KJV) The Bible says that a single river flowed "out"  of Eden and then does something that most rivers DO NOT do; specifically,  split into four separate "heads" or rivers  that flowed downstream, all fed from a common single river source. Almost  all rivers start from a single source or are fed by multiple sources  (tributaries). For example, the Ohio River actually begins where two rivers  (the Monongahela and Allegheny) flow together at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania.  The Ohio River terminates when it flows into the Mississippi river as one of  that river's many tributaries. So the names of rivers are an arbitrary  thing, usually denoting only a portion of a greater complex stream system,  with one stream flowing into another, which in-turn, may flow into yet  another. This pattern of rivers, as observed in nature, is just the opposite  of what the Bible describes about the river of Eden. For that reason, nobody has been able to look at  modern maps of the regions mentioned in Genesis and figure out exactly where  the Garden of Eden was, at least by the present topography of the lands of  the Middle East. Only one river of the four, the Euphrates, is known by the  same name in modern times. It presently originates in the mountains of  Turkey and terminates when it merges with the Tigris River near the  Iraq/Kuwait border region. Many have speculated that the Tigris is the river  Hiddekel. This has led to speculation that the Garden of Eden  was located somewhere in Turkey. This is assumed because the present  headwaters of the Euphrates River originate in Turkey, as do the headwaters  of the Tigris. Others have proposed that the other end of the  Euphrates River, where it meets the Tigris, may be the true location. This  requires interpreting the Tigris river as one of the other three (the  Hiddekel), then interpreting a tributary confluence of rivers as a river  head, and then locating at least two more rivers (or old river beds) as the  other missing two. Having done so, they then claim that the Garden of Eden  was near present day Kuwait. This is a convenient solution, but not one  supported by the literal wording of the Bible or the geological and  geographical realities of what river "head" means, i.e. headwaters or source  of origin. You will notice that the present day headwaters of  both the Tigris and Euphrates rivers originate in Tuekey very close to each  other in mountainous terrain. Logically, one would assume that if two of the  rivers started there, the other two must have done so, as well, if Turkey  was the location of Eden. Neither the Pison nor Gihon rivers are ever  mentioned again in the Bible. However, the Hiddekel River is: "And in the four and twentieth day of the    first month, as I was by the side of the great river, which is Hiddekel;" (Daniel 10:4 KJV) This reference by the prophet Daniel comes from a  vision he had while with the children of Israel during the Babylonian  Captivity . This would put Daniel somewhere in the area of present-day  Iraq and would make the presen


Gerald Durrell was a director of which zoo?

Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust | Home Our work... About Durrell 'Durrell' is an international charity dedicated to 'Saving Species From Extinction'. Founded by author and naturalist Gerald Durrell, we've been saving some of the world's most endangered animals for over half a century. Through our Wildlife Park in Jersey, conservation academies in Mauritius and Jersey, and 45 field projects worldwide, our unique approach tackles conservation from all angles. Durrell animal adoptions feed directly into our vital conservation work, so in supporting your favourite animal, you also know that you are joining us in our mission of saving species from extinction. Thank you! Close Our site uses cookies to give you the best experience. If you continue browsing, we'll assume that's ok Accept Read More


The term “paparazzi’ is derived from the name of a character in which film by Federico Fellini?

PAPARAZZI HISTORY THE SHOOTING BEGINS: How it all started... If you were to see a casual photographer around town and called him a paparazzi, beware; he might be tempted to throw his camera at you, especially if he considers himself to be a photojournalist. So what's the difference you may ask? The answer is in the meaning of paparazzi, "buzzing insects." In 1960, these pesky freelance journalists were immortalized in Federico Fellini's internationally popular film La Dolce Vita, Italian for "The Sweet Life."(See pic.1 below) La Dolce Vita focuses on the life of a jaded journalist, Marcello (played by Marcello Mastroianni), and his photographer colleague, Paparazzo (Walter Santesso). The origin of the name Paparazzo is disputed, but its onomatopoeic resemblance to the Sicilian word for an oversize mosquito, papataceo,made it apt to compare with Fellini's statement: "Paparazzo suggests to me a buzzing insect, hovering, darting, stinging." Fellini also drew an image of the character in which he describes; the drawing is of a human-like figure that has no bone structure and instead, looks like a vampirish insectile, implying that paparazzi, like mosquitoes, are also parasites. (see pic.2 below) After the movie was first released in Italy, the word paparazzi became synonymous with intrusive photographers who chase the stars to get that revealing act on film. However, Fellini said it was not the photographers he tried to emulate. Fellini claimed that he was putting newspapers and weeklies on film, and many of the vignettes that make up the movie refer directly to news stories. He wanted to capture the paparazzi-inspired events where reporters often begged involved parties for a story. However, it was the freezing-frenzied movements in the pictures captured by the photographer that sparked viewer interest, even for Fellini. "It recreates life in movement," he once stated. The incorporation of the word paparazzi into the English language is indefinitely tied to La Dolce Vita when it was released in the United States in 1961. Time magazine introduced the word to the American public in an article entitled, "Paparazzi on the Prowl." Included is a paparazzi picture of throngs of reporters blocking the car of a princess visiting Rome. The text discloses "a ravenous wolf pack of freelance photographers who stalk big names for a living and fire with flash guns at a pointblank." Soon, the term would be spread across the pages of major news and entertainment publications across the globe, often accompanied by incriminating photos of the stars. Publications that were soon to follow this trend included Esquire, Cosmopolitan, and Life magazine. It was later introduced on the television screen by popular news-oriented shows like 60 Minutes. But no matter what the medium used to report on these "celebrity bounty hunters," it was clear that paparazzo was a derogative term. 1)Paparazzi in a scene from Federico Fellini's La Dolce Vita, 1960 2)Federic Fellini's drawing of Paparazzo, a character in La Dolce Vita.


In 1984 which song urged you to “push pineapple, shake the tree”?

Black Lace - Agadoo - YouTube Black Lace - Agadoo Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Nov 20, 2007 "What's a nice pineapple like you doing in a place like this?" Good question. I uploaded it but YOU are watching it, now that's tragic. This camp and bad and wonderful video hit is a cover version of a French song featuring cancan dancers. Go figure. Category


What in Wiltshire is Europe’s largest man-made mound?

The largest man-made mound in Europe - Silbury Hill, Avebury Traveller Reviews - TripAdvisor “The largest man-made mound in Europe” Reviewed 11 October 2012 As with West Kennet Long Barrow, Silbury Hill is considered to a part of the complex surrounding the stone circle at Avebury. It sits adjacent to the busy A4 route about 500 meters east of Beckhampton and one mile south of Avebury. It is a huge, artificial mound with a flat top, about 40 meters high and a base circumference of 530 meters. It is estimated that the mound comprises some 340,000 cubic meters of chalk and soil and its base covers slightly more than 2 hectares. It was built in several stages, commencing in approximately 2700BC. The final phase saw the building of six concentric terraces which were then covered with chalk, rubble and soil to form a conical mound. Each of those six steps were concealed within the profile of the mound, with the exception of the last one which was left as a terrace and can be seen about 5 meters from the summit. Archaeologists estimate that in excess of 18-million man-hours would have been required to complete the structure. Its use or purpose is still wrapped in mystery today; nobody can be really sure. There are theories and ideas that claim it to be a burial mound, a memorial to a monarch and a treasure vault. Ancient folklore tells of the Devil wanting to empty a huge sack of soil onto the town of Marlborough but was forced to drop it here by the sorcery of the priests at Avebury. The first excavations took place in 1723 which unearthed some human bones and a horse’s bridle. Further work took place in 1776 and 1849 but clues were not forthcoming. In 1967, a new excavation got underway and although there were still no real ideas as to the hill’s function, radio-carbon dating placed the mound at about 4,600 years old. Evidence gleaned from preserved flying ants discovered embedded in the soil place the beginning of work to have been in late July or early August, in what was the Celtic festival of Lugnasadh at the start of the harvest season. More recent studies have raised suggestions that Silbury Hill is a symbolic effigy of the Mother Goddess and could have been associated with fertility rituals, marking the course of the year. More interestingly still, the hill could have been used as an accurate solar observatory by using the mound’s shadows cast upon the flattened area of plain to the north of the hill. The meridian line from Silbury runs through Avebury church which itself sits astride the ley-line joining Stonehenge and the stone circle at Winterbourne Abbas. Silbury is a centre for alignment of prehistoric tracks, resurfaced by the Romans and of stone circles. The Roman road from Marlborough to Bath runs directly towards the mound before swerving to avoid it. This indicates that the Roman roads followed existing tracks or ley-lines. Whatever function it may have served, Silbury Hill stands as a mystery on the undulating plains of Wiltshire Visited August 2012 “Impressive” Reviewed 21 July 2012 I saw Silbury Hill for the first time only a week ago, and I can't believe I didn't know about it or go to find it sooner. I only read about it for the first time after buying a book on ancient Wessex on a recent trip to Stonehenge. Silbury Hill is a bit of an enigma in itself; no one seems to know exactly why it was built, but it's certainly very impressive. It must have looked spectacular when it was first built and coated in white chalk. The only disappointment was that we couldn't climb it. There's a viewing platform, but no access any longer to the slopes because of subsidence due to earlier excavations. What a shame! Visited July 2012 “Stop & marvel; what was its purpose?” Reviewed 9 December 2011 Seven of us visited Silbury Hill as part of a day trip to Avebury & West Kennet Long Barrow; the latter being literally over the road. The car park was free. Although it’s forbidden to climb the mound, or even get very close to it now, as erosion by people, & undermining by explorers, has made the structure vulnerable, it’s stil


Which brewery makes Flying Scotsman, Golden XPA and Deuchars IPA?

Caledonian Brewery Edinburgh - Find Real Ale Beer and Cider in Edinburgh Caledonian - Winter Brau Dark - 4.3% Caledonian Mahogany ale with spice and chocolate aromas, sweet spice flavours and a deep velvet malt finish Winter Brau Seasonal Not Currently Brewing: 2point8, A Man's a Man, Auld Acquaintance, Auld Acquaintance, Autumn Red, Barley Brown's Black IPA, Blonde, Brewers Passion, Caledonian 80, Chocolate Drop, Coffee Porter, Commonwealth Gold, Commonwealth Gold, Doc Kennedy Lipsmacker Lemon, Double Amber, Double Czech, Double Twist, Dry Dock, Dutchman, Edinburgh Strong, Elf Esteem, Escape Claus, Flying Dutchman, Gift Wrapped, Golden Promise, Golden Sun, Highland Fling, Hop Crop Harvest, Hop Crop Harvest Ale, Idleweiss, Knee Deep, Marching Orders, Mellow Yellow, Merman XXX, Mexican Bandit, Mild Mayhem, Minagof Three Quarter IPA, Nectar, Oktoberbest, Old Seadog, Over the Bar, Poltergeist Porter, Rabbie Burns, Raspberry Fool, Road to Rio, Santa's Little Helper, Scotty Dog, Summer Valley, Surf Sup, Three Monkeys, Top Banana, Trick or Treat, Vienna Red, XPA, Zulu Blonde