Roald Dahl's children's novel Esio Trot features which creature?

Beasts - Roald Dahl Roald Dahl Magical folk Overview An array of amazing animals and curious creatures appear in Roald Dahl's books. We'll be adding more to this list, so keep checking back... Close Alfie 'Alfie had been with Mrs Silver for years and he lived on her balcony summer and winter. Planks had been placed around the sides of the balcony so that Alfie could walk about without toppling over the edge...' - Esio Trot Alfie is a tortoise, and the much-loved pet of  Mrs Silver . He lives on the balcony of her flat, beneath Mr Hoppy (who is secretly in love with Mrs Silver.)  Mrs Silver worries about Alfie's size, but he doesn't appear to have many concerns himself. He has his own little house on the balcony and enjoys breakfasting on lettuce, tomato and celery. He hibernates in winter, and on his return is greeted joyously by Mrs Silver. It's Mrs Silver's desire to see Alfie grow that sets Mr Hoppy's plan into action. He provides Mrs Silver with a spell that will, apparently, help Alfie do just that. Mrs Silver is delighted, and the stage is set for Alfie's grand adventure. Let's just say it involves a trip up to Mr Hoppy's, where he gets to meet a lot more tortoises... BBC One's 2015 adaptation of Esio Trot sees the addition of a new character that does not appear in the original story. James Corden narrates the action of the film, charting Alfie's progress from Mrs Silver's to Mr Hoppy's and all the way in between... Find out more Close Centipede '"Well, James, have you ever in your life seen such a marvellous colossal Centipede as me?"' James and the Giant Peach The Centipede in James and the Giant Peach is a pest. But he is very proud of being a pest. He has 42 legs and wears a lot of shoes, which he asks James to help him remove at the end of that first day inside the Peach. He's also a jolly fellow who enjoys a joke, a song - and a little bit of teasing of poor old Earthworm ... In 1996 an animated film version of Roald Dahl's original story was released, with Richard Dreyfuss voicing the Centipede. Find out more Close Earthworm "'I am not a slimy beast,' the Earthworm said. 'I am a useful and much loved creature. Ask any gardener you like.'" - James and the Giant Peach The Earthworm appears in Roald Dahl's first famous book for children, James and the Giant Peach. He is one of a number of creatures James Henry Trotter meets aboard the Giant Peach. He is a pretty morose creature - as the Ladybird tells James, "'He hates to be happy. He is only happy when he is gloomy. Now isn't that odd? But then, I suppose just being an Earthworm is enough to make a person pretty gloomy, don't you agree?'" James is quick to point out the Earthworm's good points, though, later telling an audience of New Yorkers: "'He would be absolutely grand for digging subway tunnels and for making you a sewer.'" The 1996 film version of James and the Giant Peach featured the voice of David Thewlis as the Earthworm. Find out more Close The Enormous Crocodile 'The Enormous Crocodile grinned, showing hundreds of sharp white teeth. "For my lunch today," he said, "I would like a nice juicy little child."' - The Enormous Crocodile The Enormous Crocodile is a beastly creature. He lives in "the biggest, browniest muddiest river in Africa," and he is just about the beastliest crocodile there. Where the Notsobig crocodile eats only fish, The Enormous Crocodile wants to eat everyone in the jungle, from The Roly-Poly Bird to Muggle-Wump the Monkey. But his favourite food of all is a yummy-tasting child... It's this that makes him leave the river to search out a tasty lunchtime treat, using his "secret plans and clever tricks" - even though the Notsobig One says he's the stupidest croc on the whole river. So will he be successful? The Enormous Crocodile bears a strong resemblence to another horrid Croc: Crocky-Wock, who appears in Roald Dahl's Dirty Beasts (1983). Find out more Close Mr Fox 'On a hill above the valley there was a wood. In the wood there was a huge tree. Under the tree there was a hole. In the hole lived Mr Fox and Mrs Fox and their four


What famous Australian product did Cyril Callister devise in Melbourne, in 1922, partly in response to war-related shortages of the British version?

CityPages December 2014 online by CityPages Kuwait - issuu issuu DECEMBER 2014 Zainab Jawad Boushahri Pursuing perfection issuu.com/citypageskuwait Scan this QR code with your smart phone /tablet and enjoy reading CityPages. To read it on your computer, simply visit the web link above. pinterest.com/citypagesmag Scan this QR code with your smart phone /tablet and enjoy reading and sharing slective pages from this issue of CityPages. To read it on your computer, simply visit the web link above. LIFESTYLE / PEOPLE / EVENTS / FASHION The Avenues mall The Mall - Mezanine High Street Phone: 22200650 @TRUCCOKW مجمع االفنيوز  ميزانني- ذا مول هاي سرتيت 22200650 :هاتف truccoshop.com contents ISSUE 60, VOLUME 4, DECEMBER 2014 96 22 102 114 70 20 82 BEAUTY 102. Natural Skin Care 104. Perfume-Sales And Behaviors 106. A Woman’s Hair Is Her Crown Of Beauty 32. Arabic Article 34. Money,Money, Money 36. Guesting With The Rich And Famous 38. New Noor Clinic 119. Action Movies ENTERTAINMENT 114. December Movie Releases 118. Top Music Charts FASHION 70. Winter Wardrobe-Photoshoot For Trucco 98. Bvlgari-Man In Black-Photoshoot 136. Fashion News FEATURE 20. 24. 26. 28. 30. Relationships In Business Cultural Diversity Hands Up For School Rant And Rabbit Too Manner-The Taste of Vienna 62 90 TRAVEL 110. Short Stories By Nadia AlHassan 112. Afrah And Yasser 120. Writing Tips By Nada Faris 58. The Bride-To-Be Diet 68. Avoiding The Holiday Weight Gain 124. Cool New Gadgets 126. Tech Updates & News 128. Microsoft Lumia 535 90. Sochi 86 REGULARS 47. The Color Recipe 64. Meet The Entrepreneurs With Tass Hassoun 85. Adopt A Street Princess 88. City Guide 96. Travel With MuzMuz 122. December Book Releases 123. Book Club 141. Events 154. Press 160. Say Cheez With CityPages 164. Homework For Grown Ups 166. Horoscopes FAMILY. FASHION. ONE DESTINATION AUTUMN / WINTER COLLECTION Dear Readers… Dhari Al-Muhareb Editor-in-Chief Jameel Arif General Manager & Editor Eng. Homoud AlMuhareb Publishing Director Abeer Al-Abduljalil Managing Editor Muhammed Altaf Sr. Sales Manager Claudia Farias Content Supervisor Tanya Burns Creative Director Graphic Designers Mohammed Syed Khaled Al-Enezi Contributing Team Nadia Al-Hassan Abdullah Y. Shams AlDeen Abdulaziz Al-Khamis Nada Soliman Abdalla AlMuzaini Nada Faris Adnan Najeeb Al-Abbar Nour Al-Zaabi Ali - DJ RAVEN Oussama T. Hussein ARTRONAUTS Paul Tunbridge ASAMA Perfumes Reshmi Revi BirthKuwait Deema DeCaux Sanaa Abdul Hamid Dr. Nazia Nausheen Sandra Bakhamian Faisal Al-Dhofari Sherihan A. Hassabo Erika Habig Talah Alabdulaaly John McArthur Tassnim Hassoun Khaled Al-Zawawi Zahra Ashkanani Layla Harmony Zahra Taqi Maha Al-Rashed Happy December! I would like to start by sharing one of my favourite quotes which I believe is also a guiding principle for our success at CityPages. “Success is like a ladder and no one has ever climbed a ladder with their hands in their pockets.” – Zig Ziglar Since 2010, when I started CityPages every day is a new day with new challenges and new opportunities underneath those challenges. With the completion of this issue, CityPages has reached an important milestone. We just completed 5 years and this in your hands is our 60th issue. To me it's the same happiness that I experienced while holding the first issue. I remember how we started with a very small team and today I feel extremely happy to see the team growing and each new member bringing in a totally new bit of excitement for our readers. Talking of team members, I would like to introduce you to the three new team members who start their journey with us from this issue. Please make sure you check the three new segments: Color Recipe by Wala'a Al Muhaiteeb, Travel with MuzMuz by Mouzah AlShareedah, and Adopt a Street Princess by my friend Nathalie Veys. December issue has plenty of interesting read for everyone. I find myself lucky to be able to convince our cover personality - Zainab Jawad Boushahri to accept my request for an interview and be featured on the cover and make this issue a very special one. She is really a very si


A cogwheel icon typically represents what on many websites/apps?

What do All of Those Icons on Mobile Apps and Websites Mean? Google Will Start Penalizing Your Website on Mobile if You Don’t Stop Doing This | 2016 As more and more people are using mobile devices to run their lives and businesses, the people who develop applications for these devices face a challenge. Smaller screens mean less space to use words that instruct the user where to go and how to use the mobile website or app. For that reason, a whole new visual language of small symbols called “icons” is evolving. These icons are supposed to convey to the user what will happen when they tap onto or click the image. The only problem is, sometimes Developer A and Developer B use the same image for various things, or different images for the same thing. For instance, what does and “i” in a circle mean? How is it different from a “?” in a circle? Or, for that matter, an “!”? (We included that last one, as it’s an on-going debate we have among ourselves at SmallBusiness.com.) Here are some common icons and what will likely happen when you click or tap on them. The following icons are from the folks at Font Awesome who have open-sourced them as part of development framework called Bootstrap that was created at Twitter and became an open-source project in 2011. Cog, Widget or Gear We started with this one because it demonstrates some of the confusion. First off, it’s a symbol that goes by different names. In the real-world, the symbol can mean “widget,” a word that has a meaning among developers that has nothing to do with that real-world meaning. On an app or website, it typically means “settings.” Click it and you can adjust something. Wrench This, also, is what we mean by a confusing icon, as it can, like the cog-gear-widget, also mean “settings.” For example, Google Apps used to have a wrench icon for settings but now uses a “cog-gear-widget.” Envelope An envelope should mean email, right? It may. Or it may have a broader meaning, like “click on this to contact us.” Look for one on SmallBusiness.com and click it and the latter will happen. Right Swirving Arrow This means share. Click on it and you’ll likely see a list of ways to post the content you’re seeing onto social media sites or email it to friends or co-workers. Another Sharing Icon Perhaps we didn’t mention that the internet has no governing board that controls how many symbols can mean the same thing, as this one means “share” also., but wait, there’s more. Yet, Another Sharing Symbol We feel certain there are some nuance differences in the two previous  sharing icons and this one, but on SmallBusiness.com, we’ve narrowed it down to the middle one. This one is especially confusing because it can also mean “print.” One day, this will all be worked out by the UN. Exclamation Point The exclamation point in a circle means, “take note and watch out.” If it’s in a triangle, it means “TAKE NOTE and WATCH OUT.” Or, if it’s part of the logo of SmallBusiness.com, it means, “here’s your answer!” Home This should be obvious. It means, click here to play a game of Monopoly. Ellipsis Sometimes (say, if you use Google+), you may even see a stack of ellipses. We’re guessing this icon is a visual pun that means “the stuff we couldn’t…fit here.”  Clicking or tapping on the icon will reveal options related to what you are currently viewing. (Coincidentally, the next icon means and does about the same.) Parallel Bars (or a stack of hotdogs) When used as a navigational icon, either of these two “lists” mean there are lots of things the app or website couldn’t fit on a tiny screen. Typically, if you click or tap on them, some form of navigational bar will slide in from the side or top. Pencil This means “edit” pretty much anywhere you see it. Triangle in a Circle This is a play button icon. That, or a cattle ranch brand. Circle Arrow This means refresh. Refresh means stay on the same page, but try to make it work, this time. A Dot with Two Curved Lines This is an RSS icon. It’s a magical tool that far too few people use. If you want others to be more informed than you, ignore it. Magnifyi


Leo Tolstoy's book War and Peace concerns the 1812 invasion of Russia by?

Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace - Napoleon Bonaparte - Tsar Alexander - Crisis Wars  |  HOME  |  WEB LOG  |  COUNTRY WIKI  |  COMMENT  |  FORUM  |  DOWNLOADS  |  ABOUT  |  These pages contain the complete manuscript of the new book Generational Dynamics: Forecasting America's Destiny, written by John J. Xenakis. This text is fully copyrighted. You may copy or print out this material for your own use, but not for distribution to others. Comments are invited. Send them to mailto:comments@generationaldynamics.com . Chapter 5 -- Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace In historic events, the so-called great men are labels giving names to events, and like labels they have but the smallest connection with the event itself.    -- Lev Tolstoy, in War and Peace Years ago, when I first read Lev Tolstoy's War and Peace, Napoleon's invasion of Russia made no sense to me whatsoever. It was the most bizarre war description I had ever seen. The French under Napoleon invaded Russia, and headed for Moscow. Instead of defending Moscow, the Russians fled, made no attempt to defend the city, and just allowed the French to walk in and take it. Nothing about this seemed credible to me when I read it. It's only now, after developing Generational Dynamics, that the war is explained, and explained fully: It was a crisis war for Napoleon's France, but a mid-cycle war for Russia. If you didn't carefully read the material in chapter 4 (p. [localization2#126] ) about Germany's weak prosecution of World War I, then go back and reread it now, and get a feeling for what happened. Napoleon's invasion of Russia was the most bizarre war description I had ever seen Now, read the excerpts in this chapter of Tolstoy's account of France's 1812 attack on Russia, and get a feeling for that war. Not only is Tolstoy's description fascinating, but it also provides tremendous additional insight and understanding into the theoretical aspects of Generational Dynamics, since it's a narrative description of the difference between a crisis war and a mid-cycle war. Although the French fought energetically, the Russians did not. It was remarkable though that capturing Moscow proved to be Napoleon's undoing, however, since his army gorged itself on the city, and lost all discipline. Napoleon had to retreat, thus proving that it's possible for a low-energy strategy to beat a high-energy strategy. The main purpose of this chapter is to further illustrate the generational methodology by analyzing this invasion through Lev Tolstoy's novel, War and Peace. The quotation at the beginning of this chapter encapsulates one of the most important points of this book: That major events, like wars, are consequences of history, not consequences of actions by individual politicians. The Napoleonic wars that engulfed Europe at that time would have occurred with or without Napoleon. Lev Tolstoy's 1868 epic historical novel War and Peace is considered by many to be the greatest novel of all time. There are hundreds of named characters, and Tolstoy shows their interrelations and how wartime affects and interferes with their lives. Characters who start out as carefree youth grow in responsibility and maturity as they suffer the horrors of war. In the end, love and marriage seem to represent man's redemption. Table of Contents Book Cover By the time of France's 1812 invasion of Russia, Napoleon had already conquered most of Europe and made it part of France's empire, and now he wanted to annex Russia. Tolstoy tells how he succeeded in conquering Moscow, but his conquest led to the destruction of his own army, and eventually his defeat at Waterloo. But that's not all. Tolstoy's philosophy of history and war and peace is scattered throughout the book. Furthermore, unlike many historians, Tolstoy understood mathematics and science, and used that understanding to show how great events in history by momentum rather than by politicians or generals, even a general as powerful as Napoleon. Tolstoy's brilliant study of Napoleon's campaign gives us a sounding board to elucidate further aspects of the generat


What is the general term for the form of physics concerned with sub-atomic particles, atoms, molecules, and their radiation?

Structure of the Atom (grades 6-8) STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM Matter has mass and takes up space. Atoms are basic building blocks      of matter, and cannot be chemically subdivided by ordinary means. The word atom is derived from the Greek word atom which       means indivisible. The Greeks concluded that matter could be broken       down into particles to small to be seen. These particles were called atoms Atoms are composed of three type of particles: protons, neutrons,      and electron. Protons and neutrons are responsible for most of the atomic      mass e.g in a 150 person 149 lbs, 15 oz are protons and neutrons while      only 1 oz. is electrons. The mass of an electron is very small (9.108      X 10-28 grams). Both the protons and neutrons reside in the nucleus. Protons have      a postive (+) charge, neutrons have no charge --they are neutral. Electrons      reside in orbitals around the nucleus. They have a negative charge (-). It is the number of protons that determines the atomic number, e.g.,      H = 1. The number of protons in an element is constant (e.g., H=1, Ur=92)      but neutron number may vary, so mass number (protons + neutrons) may      vary. The same element may contain varying numbers of neutrons; these forms      of an element are called isotopes. The chemical properties of isotopes      are the same, although the physical properties of some isotopes may      be different. Some isotopes are radioactive-meaning they "radiate" energy as they decay to a more stable form, perhaps another element      half-life: time required for half of the atoms of an element to decay      into stable form. Another example is oxygen, with atomic number of 8      can have 8, 9, or 10 neutrons. What are elements? All matter is made up of elements which are fundamental substances      which cannot be broken down by chemical means. There are 92 elements      that occur naturally. The elements hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen      are the elements that make up most living organisms. Some other elements      found in living organisms are: magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium,      potassium. By the late 1800's many elements had already been discovered. The scientist      Dmitri Mendeleev, a Russian chemist, proposed an arrangement of know      elements based on their atomic mass. The modern arrangement of the elements      is known as the Periodic Table of Elements and is arranged according      to the atomic number of elements. Here is an Interactive Table       of Elements where you can learn more about each of the elements. What makes each element unique? Every atom would like      to have an electron configuration like a noble gases. In noble gases      the outer electron shell is complete. This makes the element chemically      inert. Helium is an example of a noble (inert) gas. It is not present      in organisms because it is not chemically reactive. Historical Models of the atom BOHR MODEL Bohr model shows electrons circling the nucleus at different levels      or orbitals much like planets circle the sun. Electrons move from one      energy state to another but can only exist aft defineite energy levels.      The energy absorbed or released when electrons change states is in the      form of electromagnetic radiation. THE WAVE MODEL AND QUANTUM THEORY The Bohr model was only able to explain the very simplest atoms, like      hydrogen. Today's modern day theory is based on mathematics and the      properties of waves. The wave model forms the basis for the Quantum Theory . This theory gives the probability of locating electrons in a particular      location, unlike assuming electrons orbit the nucleus as in the Bohr      model. How are electrons organized around the nucleus? All atoms would like to attain electron configurations like noble      gases. That is, have


Which whole number is the cube root of 2197?

Cube root of 2197 Theorems What is Cube Root of 2197 ? 2197 is said to be a perfect cube because 13 x 13 x 13 is equal to 2197. Since 2197 is a whole number, it is a perfect cube. The nearest previous perfect cube is 1728 and the nearest next perfect cube is 2744 .


Which Japanese corporation produced the first compact electronic calculator, released in 1957?

History of CASIO's Electronic Calculator Business History of CASIO's Electronic Calculator Business History of CASIO's Electronic Calculator Business Casio Sells One Billionth Electronic Calculator Long History of Contribution to the Development of the Electronics Industry and Mathematics Education The Road to One Billion Calculators From the relay calculator to the electronic calculator 14-A 001 Launched in 1957, Casio's 14-A calculator was a revolutionary new device using 342 electric relays that solved addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division problems up to 14 digits. In September 1965, Casio released the 001, the world's first electronic calculator with a memory function. The following year, Casio commenced exports to the United States and Europe, taking its first step as a manufacturer for the global market. Casio calculators were well received around the world, and total production reached the 100,000 mark by 1969. Casio Mini creates demand among individual users Casio Mini In the latter half of the 1960s, there was a surge in the number of new manufacturers entering the calculator market. At its peak there were more than 50 manufacturers competing with each other, and the phrase "calculator wars" was coined. The competition, however, was confined to the limited market for calculators used in the office. In August 1972, Casio released the Casio Mini, which was sold for the then-revolutionary price of only 12,800 yen, in order to be affordable to the general public. The Casio Mini was a huge hit selling 1 million units in ten months. Card-sized calculator ends competition for smaller and thinner products SL-800 With the huge popularity of the Casio Mini, Casio's cumulative sales of calculators reached the one million-unit mark in 1972, and skyrocketed to two million that very same year. Casio's worldwide calculator sales reached 10 million in 1974. This was the turning point - from here on price competition among calculator makers reached a climax, with one company after another withdrawing from the market. Next, the market saw fierce competition to develop smaller and thinner products. In 1983, Casio developed the SL-800, which at 0.8mm was as thin as a credit card. This put an end to the "smaller and thinner" race. The total number of all calculators sold by Casio reached 100 million units in 1980. Casio calculators continue to improve fx-7000G After Casio achieved the ultimate in thinness with the SL-800, changes in product trends led to a focus on functionality. In 1985, Casio developed the fx-7000G, the first scientific calculator to incorporate a graphing function. In 2004, the company developed a scientific calculator capable of displaying fractions, square roots, and other symbols as they are shown in textbooks. Casio continues to produce innovative products to this day and as of December 31, 2006, Casio had sold one billion calculators.


The butternut squash/pumpkin grows directly on a?

Growing Butternut Squash: How To Grow Butternut Squash Plants Image by Serenethos By Jackie Rhoades Butternut squash plants are a type of winter squash . Unlike its fellow summer squashes , it is eaten after it reaches the mature fruit stage when the rind has become thick and hardened. It’s a great source of complex carbohydrates and fiber as well as high in potassium, niacin, beta carotene and iron. It stores well without refrigeration or canning and each vine will yield from 10 to 20 squash if properly maintained. How to grow butternut squash in the home garden is both easy and rewarding if you follow just a few basic steps. Planting Butternut Squash The butternut squash growing season begins when all danger of frost is past and the soil is well warmed by the sun, about 60 to 65 F. (15-18 C.) at a 4-inch depth. Butternut squash plants are extremely tender and the seedlings will freeze with the slightest frost and seeds will only germinate in warm soil. Like most other vining vegetables, butternut squash cultivation begins with a hill. Draw your garden soil into a hill about 18 inches high. This allows the soil to heat around the seeds and roots. Your soil should be well amended and well fertilized since butternut squash plants are heavy feeders. Plant five or six seeds per hill about 4 inches apart and 1 inch deep. Keep the soil moist, but not soggy. In about 10 days, the seeds will sprout. When they’re about 6 inches high, thin out the weakest leaving three plants per hill. The butternut squash growing season is about 110-120 days for fruit maturation, so if your season is short, it’s best to start your seeds indoors to give them a head start. To grow butternut squash indoors, you’ll need to start about six weeks before the last frost in your area. Plant as you would most vegetables, in good soil in a sunny window or greenhouse and transplant to the garden after all danger of frost is past. Please remember to harden off the seedlings before transplanting. Growing Butternut Squash Butternut squash cultivation takes up a great deal of space in the home garden. Each hill should have at least fifty square feet for growing. Butternut squash seeds can send out vines up to 15 feet long. Fertilize well throughout the butternut squash growing season. Regular feeding will produce the most abundant crop as will keeping the hills weed free. Butternut squash cultivation should be done by hand or with a hoe. Don’t cultivate too deeply since the roots are shallow. Watch carefully for bugs and when the need arises, use insecticidal soap or apply insecticides in the evening when the bees have returned to the hive since bees are essential to growing butternut squash successfully. Your squash will be ready for harvesting when the skin turns hard and is difficult to pierce with your thumbnail. Butternut squash can be roasted or boiled and makes a particularly tasty substitute for pumpkin in pie. Once you know how to grow butternut squash, the possibilities are endless and your neighbors and friends will appreciate sharing your bounty.


The medieval profession called a 'bard' equates nowadays to a what?

a to b Glossary of Feudal, Medieval and Castle Terms - Including Dane Law, Anglo Saxon terms - Hemyock Castle Castle built without the liege lord's approval. Advowson: Right to present a clergyman to a vacant benefice. In 1275, the lord of the manor of Hemyock, Sir John de Hydone, had the advowson of St Mary's Church Hemyock. Albion: Poetic name for Britain or England. Alms: Charitable gift of money or goods to the poor and needy. Almshouse: Accommodation for the aged or needy supported by charity. Also known as the Poorhouse. In Britain, many almshouses still exist, although most are now ordinary homes. In my village, one is labelled "Cleaner and Sower" above the front door. The other is labelled "Widows' Homes." Some charitable almshouses still exist. Amercement: Financial penalty inflicted at the MERCY of the King or his justices for various minor offences. The offender is said to be "IN MERCY" and the monies paid to the crown to settle the matter was called amercement (See also Fines). Anathema: A condemnation of heretics, similar in effect to major excommunication. It inflicted the penalty of complete exclusion from Christian society. Appurtenances: A right belonging to a property. Apostate: The term used to describe one who left religious orders after making solemn profession. It was considered a serious crime in the eyes of the church, being not only a breach of faith with God but also with the founders and benefactors of their religious house. Ard-righ (Irish): High King in Gaelic. RIGH meaning King. Arpent: Measure of land roughly equal to a modern acre. Arrow Loop: Narrow vertical slit cut into a wall through which arrows could be fired from inside, shielding the archer. Later, some arrow-loops were modified to suit small cannon, usually by being widened at the bottom. This resulted in a key-hole shape. See also slit. Assart: To turn woodlands into pasture or crop land. To assart lands within a forest without licence was a grave offence. Assize: Meeting of feudal vassals with the King. It also referred to decrees issued by the King after such a meetings. Asylum: (Right of). Temporary protection of fugitives from pursuit, pending investigation or exile. This right was widely abused by fugitives and their pursuers. It was later repealed. See also Sanctuary. The right of an Abbot or Bishop to protect a fugitive from justice or to intercede on their behalf. Once asylum was granted the fugitive could not be removed, until after 40 days. After that, fugitives had to submit to justice. Alternatively, they could pledge an oath of adjuration never to return to the realm, after which they were free to find passage to the borders of the realm by the fastest way. If found within the borders after the set time they could be hunted down as before with no right of asylum to be granted ever again. Augustinian Canons: Religious/Monastic rules based on Love of God and Neighbour, respect for authority, care of the sick, and self-discipline. Avalon: Mythical island paradise in the western seas where the body of King Arthur was taken. Claimed by some to be the area around Glastonbury in Somerset. (Until recent times, much of this region was regularly flooded.) Traditionally, Celtic peoples believed that a person's soul travelled to the west after death. Bailiff's area of authority. Ban: King's power to command and prohibit under pain of punishment or death, mainly used because of a break in the King's Peace. Also a royal proclamation, either of a call to arms, or a decree of outlawry. In clerical terms, an excommunication on condemnation by the church. Banalities: Fees which a feudal lord imposes on his serfs for the use of his mill, oven, wine press, or similar facilities. It some times includes part of a fish catch or the proceeds from a rabbit warren. Barber-surgeon: Monastic who shaved faces/heads and performed light surgery. Barbican: Towers or outworks defending a gateway. Bard: Minstrel or poet who glorified the virtues of the people and chieftains. Baron: Vassal who held land directly from the crown and served as a member o


Name Captain Flint's quartermaster in the novel Treasure Island?

Captain Flint – the clues in Treasure Island | David K. Bryant Captain Flint – the clues in Treasure Island The story of a pirate king Picture courtesy of Rocky Rochford At last, after more than 250 years, Captain Flint has his own biography. Until now, he’s had to make do with flashbacks in “Treasure Island” because he was dead by the time that story began. Now my new book, “Tread Carefully on the Sea”, reveals just what Flint was like and how he dealt with the challenges of failing health, possible mutiny and the threat of the hangman. Why and how did Flint come back alone after taking six men to bury the treasure? How did Billy Bones come by Flint’s map where X marked the spot? The answers are in “Tread Carefully on the Sea”. Here are the major references to Captain Flint’s deeds and character in “Treasure Island” by Robert Louis Stevenson Robert Louis Stevenson Note: Despite all the references to Flint in Treasure Island, not once is his first name given. The only clue is the initial “J” on the map at the front of the book. TREASURE ISLAND AND CAPTAIN FLINT CHAPTER 3 Billy Bones says: I was first mate, I was, old Flint’s first mate and I’m the on’y one as knows the place (where the treasure is buried). He gave it (the map) to me in Savannah, when he lay a-dying…” CHAPTER 6 Squire Trelawney says: “He was the bloodthirstiest buccaneer that sailed. Blackbeard was a child to Flint. The Spaniards were so prodigiously afraid of him, that, I tell you, sir, I was sometimes proud he was an Englishman. I’ve seen his top-sails with these eyes, off Trinidad, and the cowardly son of a rum-puncheon that I sailed with put back – put back, sir, into Port of Spain.” CHAPTER 11 Long John Silver says: “…the old Walrus, Flint’s old ship, as I’ve seen a-muck with the red blood and fit to sink with gold.” Long John Silver goes on to say that he sailed first with England then with Flint. “I laid by nine hundred safe, from England, and two thousand after Flint…Where’s all England’s men now? I dunno. Where’s Flint’s? Why, most of ’em aboard here…” Long John Silver says: “There was some that was feared of Pew, and some that was feared of Flint, but Flint his own self was feared of me. Feared he was, and proud. They was the roughest crew afloat, was Flint’s; the devil himself would have been feared to go to sea with them. Well, now, I tell you, I’m not a boasting man, and you seen yourself how easy I keep company; but when I was quartermaster, lambs wasn’t the word for Flint’s old buccaneers.” CHAPTER 15 Ben Gunn says: “I were in Flint’s ship when he buried the treasure; he and six along – six strong seamen. They were ashore nigh on a week, and us standing off and on in the old Walrus. One fine day up went the signal, and here come Flint by himself in a little boat, and his head done up in a blue scarf. The sun was getting up, and mortal white he looked around the cut-water. But there he was, you mind, and the six all dead – dead and buried. How he done it, not a man aboard us could make out. It was battle, murder, and sudden death, leastways – him against six. Billy Bones was the mate; Long John he was quartermaster, and they asked him where the treasure was. ‘Ah,’ says he, ‘you can go ashore, if you like, and stay,’ he says; ‘but as for the ship, she’ll beat up for more, by thunder!’ CHAPTER 19 Ben Gunn says: “…the old stockade, as was made years and years ago by Flint. Ah, he was the man to have a headpiece, was Flint! Barring rum, his match were never seen. He was afraid of none, not he; only Silver – Silver was that genteel.” CHAPTER 31 Long John Silver says: “…by thunder! if it don’t make me cold inside to think of Flint. This is one of his jokes, and no mistake. Him and these six was here alone; he killed ’em, every man; and this one he hauled here and laid down by compass, shiver my timbers!” One of the pirates says: “…but if ever sperrit walked, it would be Flint’s. Dear heart, but he died bad, did Flint. “Ay, that he did,” observed another; “now he raged, and now he hollered for the rum, and now he sang. ‘Fifteen men’ were his only s


The Bay of Pigs - John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum The Bay of Pigs The Bay of Pigs On April 17, 1961, 1400 Cuban exiles launched what became a botched invasion at the Bay of Pigs on the south coast of Cuba. In 1959, Fidel Castro came to power in an armed revolt that overthrew Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista. The US government distrusted Castro and was wary of his relationship with Nikita Khrushchev, the leader of the Soviet Union. Before his inauguration, John F. Kennedy was briefed on a plan by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) developed during the Eisenhower administration to train Cuban exiles for an invasion of their homeland. The plan anticipated that the Cuban people and elements of the Cuban military would support the invasion. The ultimate goal was the overthrow of Castro and the establishment of a non-communist government friendly to the United States. Training President Eisenhower approved the program in March 1960. The CIA set up training camps in Guatemala, and by November the operation had trained a small army for an assault landing and guerilla warfare. José Miró Cardona led the anti-Castro Cuban exiles in the United States. A former member of Castro's government, he was the head of the Cuban Revolutionary Council, an exile committee. Cardona was poised to take over the provisional presidency of Cuba if the invasion succeeded. Despite efforts of the government to keep the invasion plans covert, it became common knowledge among Cuban exiles in Miami. Through Cuban intelligence, Castro learned of the guerilla training camps in Guatemala as early as October 1960, and the press reported widely on events as they unfolded. Shortly after his inauguration, in February 1961, President Kennedy authorized the invasion plan. But he was determined to disguise U.S. support. The landing point at the Bay of Pigs was part of the deception. The site was a remote swampy area on the southern coast of Cuba, where a night landing might bring a force ashore against little resistance and help to hide any U.S. involvement. Unfortunately, the landing site also left the invading force more than 80 miles from refuge in Cuba's Escambray Mountains, if anything went wrong. The Plan The original invasion plan called for two air strikes against Cuban air bases. A 1,400-man invasion force would disembark under cover of darkness and launch a surprise attack. Paratroopers dropped in advance of the invasion would disrupt transportation and repel Cuban forces. Simultaneously, a smaller force would land on the east coast of Cuba to create confusion. The main force would advance across the island to Matanzas and set up a defensive position. The United Revolutionary Front would send leaders from South Florida and establish a provisional government. The success of the plan depended on the Cuban population joining the invaders. The Invasion The first mishap occurred on April 15, 1961, when eight bombers left Nicaragua to bomb Cuban airfields. The CIA had used obsolete World War II B-26 bombers, and painted them to look like Cuban air force planes. The bombers missed many of their targets and left most of Castro's air force intact. As news broke of the attack, photos of the repainted U.S. planes became public and revealed American support for the invasion. President Kennedy cancelled a second air strike. On April 17, the Cuban-exile invasion force, known as Brigade 2506, landed at beaches along the Bay of Pigs and immediately came under heavy fire. Cuban planes strafed the invaders, sank two escort ships, and destroyed half of the exile's air support. Bad weather hampered the ground force, which had to work with soggy equipment and insufficient ammunition. The Counterattack Over the next 24 hours, Castro ordered roughly 20,000 troops to advance toward the beach, and the Cuban air force continued to control the skies. As the situation grew increasingly grim, President Kennedy authorized an "air-umbrella" at dawn on April 19—six unmarked American fighter planes took off to help defend the brigade's B-26 aircraft flying. But the B-26s


The Poinsettia plant has which colour/color flowers?

Poinsettias - Facts, Growing and Caring Tips of Poinsettia Plant Species pulcherrima The bright petals of Poinsettias, which look like flowers, are actually the bunch of upper leaves of the plant, called bracts. Poinsettia flowers are small, green or yellow, and grow inconspicuously in the center of each leaf bunch. Poinsettias are sub-tropical plants and therefore wither if the night temperature falls below 10 degrees C (50 degrees F). The day time temperatures in excess of 21 degrees C (70 degrees F) shorten the lifespan of Poinsettias. In colder climates, Poinsettias are grown as indoor plants. As indoor plants, Poinsettias need exposure to the morning sun and shade during the hotter part of the day. Poinsettias are one the most difficult to reflower after the initial display when purchased. Poinsettias need a period of uninterrupted long, light-free nights for about two months in early spring in order to develop flowers. Facts About Poinsettias Poinsettias are the most popular of the holiday plants. Poinsettias are native to southern Mexico and Central America. Poinsettias also bloom in cream, lemon, peach, pink colors and with white and gold-splashed leaves. Poinsettia's botanical name, Euphorbia pulcherrima, means "the most beautiful Euphorbia". Poinsettia was named after the former US ambassador to Mexico, Dr. Joel R. Poinsett who introduced the Poinsettia to the United States. Recent research has proved that Poinsettias are not poisonous. Poinsettias, at times, reach a height of sixteen feet. Poinsettias are also known by other names such as 'Christmas flower', 'lobster flower', and 'Mexican flame leaf'. As a result of its importance in the celebration of Christmas and its beautification of America, December 12th is celebrated as National Poinsettia Day, to honor the passing away of Joel R. Poinsett. Poinsettias & Christmas The ancient Aztecs (the Mexican Indians) prized the Poinsettia as a symbol of purity. Centuries later, Mexico's early Christians adopted the Poinsettia as their prized Christmas Eve flower. The Mexican Poinsettia, known as the Christmas flower in North America, is used in most Christmas decorations, owing to its bright red color and its blooming season coinciding with the Christmas holiday season. The Mexican poinsettias are commonly bright red. For some, these star-shaped bracts symbolize the Star of Bethlehem. The Christmas Poinsettia flowers have become a symbol of Christmas and are used as festive decor. A Mexican legend explains how Poinsettias came to be associated with Christmas. Apparently, a child who could not afford a gift to offer to Christ on Christmas Eve picked some weeds from the side of a road. The child was told that a humble gift, if given in love, would be acceptable in God's eyes. When brought into the church, the weeds bloomed into red and green flowers and the congregation felt that they had witnessed a Christmas miracle. As the poinsettia is one of the most popular potted plants, you may want to purchase one as a gift. They now come in a wide variety of colors, sizes and shapes. Shop poinsettia plants. from our stores - Pickupflowers - the flower expert Growing Poinsettias It is probably best to start cuttings from the original Poinsettia plant, which would then develop into sizes you are normally inclined to purchase at Christmas. In July or August remove three- or four-inch cuttings from the new Poinsettia growth on the plant. Insert each Poinsettia cutting in a small pot containing a sterilized mixture of half sand and half peat moss. Keep the Poinsettia cuttings shaded and watered during the rooting period for about three weeks. Then set the Poinsettia plants in larger pots in a sterilized mixture of equal parts of soil or sand, peat moss, and perlite. The soil in which poinsettias grow should be kept moist at all times, but not excessively wet. Avoid placing poinsettias in areas which receive air movement from windows, doors, fans, or radiators exists. If placed in such locations, they cause premature flower, bract, and leaf drop. Poinsettia Plant Care Keep your Po


What was Norwegian Thor Heyerdahl's Kon-Tiki raft made from, which he sailed from S America to Polynesia in 1947, to demonstrate early Polynesian immigration?

1000+ images about Kon-Tiki on Pinterest | Ocean, Voyage and Thor Forward In 1947 Thor Heyerdahl built a balsa wood raft to prove the possibility of Polynesia being well within the range of prehistoric South American seafarers...and for one crazy adventure. It was named after a legendary seafaring sun-king common to both the old Inca kingdom and the islands of Polynesia, Kon-Tiki. During the course of 101 days the raft sailed approx. 8,000 km over the open Pacific Ocean and landed on the Raroia Atoll in the Tuamotu Archipelago. See More


What iconic Louisiana Creole dish, named from a French Provencal word, is based on Spanish paella, typically of meat and vegetables, stock and rice?

Cookthink Search: Saffron What is saffron? Saffron, the world’s most expensive spice by weight, comes from the stigmas of the purple saffron crocus (a member of the iris family). Each flower contains three stigmas, which are harvested by hand and then dried. One pound of dried saffron requires a minimum of 50,000 flowers to be picked, which helps explain the elevated cost. Native to Asia minor, Iran and Spain now lead the world in saffron production. Saffron can be purchased ground into a powder or whole as threads. Buying the threads ensures the spice’s purity, since powdered saffron may be watered down with additional spices like turmeric or safflower. The threads tend to have a stronger taste than the ground, and must be steeped in milk or water, or roasted, before being added to a dish to release their flavor.  Saffron has a bitter taste, an earthy, hay-like smell, and a golden-red hue, which gives food a deep yellow color. When cooking with saffron, it must be used sparingly; too much can produce a harsh, medicinal flavor. What is a rouille? A rouille is a Provençal sauce that takes its name from the French word "rust." This is due to its ruddy saffron or chili-induced color.  Something along the lines of a kicked-up eggless mayonnaise, rouille is made from pounded garlic and chilies or saffron that is mixed with breadcrumbs and emulsified with fish stock and sometimes a touch of olive oil until thickened and increased in volume. Rouille is smeared on baguette toasts and floated in bouillabaisse, and can also accompany poached fish. Depending on the cook, sometimes rouille is embellished with fish liver or lemon juice. What is biryani? Biryani is a one-dish rice-based meal that consists of layering cooked rice and meat in a casserole, before baking it in the oven. Originating in Persia and popular in India and the Middle East, biryani can be made with chicken, seafood or meat, and can also be made as a vegetarian casserole.  Biryani is normally made with basmati rice and flavored with cloves, cinnamon, cardamon, bay leaf, coriander, mint, ginger, garlic and onions. Traditionally, orange saffron milk was sprinkled on the top of the dish before baking, so that the rice grains had a variated white and yellow-orange color and a subtle saffron flavor; today the high cost of saffron means that many restaurants unfortunately use yellow food coloring instead.  Biryani is often served with a yogurt-based condiment such as raita or a tomato, onion and cilantro relish. It is good for crowds and a favorite at Bangladeshi wedding receptions, Indian family dinners and Muslim dinner tables in Thailand. What is bouillabaisse? Ancestor of gumbo, bouillabaisse is a fast-cooking French fish stew that was invented in Marseille and is a staple of provençal cooking. Originally a fisherman's meal cooked up on the beach, dozens of fish varieties may end up in a so-called authentic bouillabaisse, but everyone agrees that it must contain rockfish. This aromatic soup also includes shellfish like muscles and crabs, plus aromatics and vegetables such as fennel, carrots and tomatoes, as well as olive oil, saffron and orange zest. Normally the ingredients are marinated for a few hours, then boiled quickly to cook the fish. The fish and broth are eaten separately. Bouillabaisse broth is either poured over dried bread or served with garlic-rubbed, rouille-topped croutons. Root Source: Saffron   what you should know  Richly flavored and intensely aromatic, these golden-orange threads are the dried stigmas of the saffron crocus.  Harvesting saffron takes some doing: each thread is picked by hand. An acre of flowers yields only about 10 pounds of saffron, making it worth more than its weight in gold (and, ounce for ounce, the most expensive spice in the world).  not mellow yellow A little saffron goes a long way. Just a few strands -- which can smell hay-like or brightly medicinal -- add a distinct color and flavor to a dish. to dye for Saffron has a history as a dye, both for clothing and for food. If you want to give a dish that telltale c


Name the Sovient Union policy of governmental openness, implemented by Gorbachev from 1985?

Perestroika and Glasnost - Cold War - HISTORY.com Perestroika and Glasnost A+E Networks Introduction When Mikhail S. Gorbachev (1931-) became general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in March 1985, he launched his nation on a dramatic new course. His dual program of “perestroika” (“restructuring”) and “glasnost” (“openness”) introduced profound changes in economic practice, internal affairs and international relations. Within five years, Gorbachev’s revolutionary program swept communist governments throughout Eastern Europe from power and brought an end to the Cold War (1945-91), the largely political and economic rivalry between the Soviets and the United States and their respective allies that emerged following World War II. Gorbachev’s actions also inadvertently set the stage for the 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union, which dissolved into 15 individual republics. He resigned from office on December 25, 1991. Google Perestroika and Glasnost When Mikhail S. Gorbachev stepped onto the world stage in March 1985 as the new leader of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), it was immediately clear that he was different from his predecessors. Gorbachev, then 54, was significantly younger than the aging party members who had led the Communist superpower in previous decades–the last two of whom had seen their rule cut short by health problems. Hailing from a younger generation gave Gorbachev a new outlook on the challenges that faced his country. Did You Know? Since his resignation from the Soviet presidency in 1991, Mikhail Gorbachev has remained active in politics and world affairs. He has founded several political parties in Russia, penned opinion pieces for U.S. newspapers and even appeared in movies, television shows and advertisements for various products. Gorbachev realized that he had inherited significant problems. Even as the USSR vied with the United States for global political and military leadership, its economy was struggling, and its citizens were chafing under their relatively poor standard of living and lack of freedom. Those difficulties were also keenly felt in the Communist nations of Eastern Europe that were aligned with and controlled by the Soviets. Gorbachev took a new approach toward addressing these problems: He introduced a reform program that embodied two overarching concepts. Perestroika, his restructuring concept, started with an overhaul of the top members of the Communist Party. It also focused on economic issues, replacing the centralized government planning that had been a hallmark of the Soviet system with a greater reliance on market forces. The accompanying concept of glasnost sought to ease the strict social controls imposed by the government. Gorbachev gave greater freedom to the media and religious groups and allowed citizens to express divergent views. By 1988, Gorbachev had expanded his reforms to include democratization, moving the USSR toward an elected form of government. Slowing the Arms Race Gorbachev’s internal reforms were matched by new approaches to Soviet foreign policy. Determined to end his country’s nuclear rivalry with the United States, he pursued negotiations with U.S. President Ronald Reagan (1911-2004). Although Reagan held strong anti-communist views and had intensified the Cold War by initiating a buildup of U.S. forces in the early 1980s, the two leaders managed to find common ground. Gorbachev and Reagan took part in five summits between 1985 and 1988. Their discussions resulted in the signing of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty in 1987, which brought about a major reduction in both nations’ weapons stockpiles. The productive dialogue was the result of fresh thinking on both sides, but progress on many points began with Gorbachev’s willingness to abandon long-held Soviet positions. The Liberation of Eastern Europe The Gorbachev initiative that had the most far-reaching effects was his decision to abandon Soviet control of the Communist nations of Eastern Europe. Since World War II , leaders of the USSR had viewed the mainten


The central blue 'Ashoka Chakra' icon on India's national flag represents a?

India This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website India by Željko Heimer, 6 November 2001 Flag adopted 22 July 1947, coat of arms adopted 26 January 1950.   The flag was first flown and recognized as the Indian National Flag (not just as that of the Congress Party) in Hamburg in 1942. Ed Haynes, 30 September 1998 On 15 August 1947 the dominions of India and Pakistan were established. India adopted the familiar horizontal tricolor of orange, white, and green with a blue Ashoka Chakra at the center. The tricolor had been used, unofficially, since the early 1920s as the flag of the Indian National Congress, with the colors representing Hinduism (orange), Islam (green), and a hoped-for unity and peace (white). More unofficially, the flag was patterned on the other example of struggle against British imperialism, Ireland. Most often, a blue spinning wheel was shown in the center, derived from Gandhi's call for economic self-sufficiency through hand-spinning. The spoked Ashoka Chakra (the "wheel of the law" of the 3rd-century BC Mauryan Emperor Ashoka) replaced the Gandhian spinning wheel to add historical "depth" and separate the national flag from the INC party flag (and Indian political party flags are another tale). Ed Haynes, 10 April 1996 The national flag strictly is a state flag, but Album des Pavillons (2000) in a note explains that it may be used by private citizens only in certain circumstances. Željko Heimer, 6 November 2001 Concerning the use of the national flag as a war flag (military flag), see our page on the Indian army . Colours of the flag Note: we have found it almost impossible to represent the shade of saffron on the Indian flag adequately for all monitors - some show it too yellow, other too orange. If you compare it with the colours on the flag of Brunei and Ireland you will see we have indeed chosen a tone between orange and yellow, as close to saffron as we can. These are approximate colours shades for the Indian national flag: Orange: CMYK 0-50-90-0, Pantone 021c; Green: CMYK 100-0-70-30, Pantone 341c Santiago Dotor, 26 February 2001 The Indian saffron is approximated with browser-safe colours RGB 255-204-0 (FOTW Y+), and Indian green might be well 51-153-51. Željko Heimer, 6 November 2001 Quoting from IS 1:1968, "Specification for the National Flag of India (Cotton Khadi)": 3.1.2.2 The colours of the flag, that is, India saffron (KESARI), India green and navy blue, shall correspond, when visually examined in ordinary daylight to the colours in the seal standard flag held in the custody of the Chief Inspector, Chief Inspectorate of Textiles & Clothing, Kanpur. [NOTE - Spectrophotometric values of the white, India saffron (KESAIR) and India green colours in the flag presented to the Constituent Assembly on 22 July 1947 were measured by the then Technical Development Establishment Laboratory (Stores), Kanpur using the illuminant C as specified by the International Commission on Illumination, 1931 and found to be as follows: Colour  0.288   0.395   0.317    8.9 It is intended that the flags made to conform to this standard should have colours approximating as closely as possible to the colours as defined above. For all practical purposes, however, correspondence to the seal standard flag shall be considered adequate. For the purpose of controlling production, sample pieces of bunting dyed to the standard colours [India saffron (KESARI), India green and navy blue] may be obtained at nominal cost from the Indian Standards Institution.] Jonathan Dixon, 17 January 2012 The protocol manual for the London 2012 Olympics ( Flags and Anthems Manual London 2012 ) provides recommendations for national flag designs. Each NOC was sent an image of the flag, including the PMS shades, for their approval by LOCOG. Once this was obtained, LOCOG produced a 60 x 90 cm version of the flag for further approval. So, while these specs may not be the official, government, version of each flag, they are certainly what the NOC believed the flag to be. For India: PMS 1495 orange, 362 green, 2755 blue. The vertical flag


The two other angles in a right-angled triangle must always add up to how many degrees? 60; 90; 120; or 180?

Right Angled Triangles Right Angled Triangles A right angled triangle (also called a right triangle) is a triangle               with a right angle (90°) in it. The little square in the corner tells us      it is a right angled triangle (I also put 90°, but you don't need to!)   (It is used in the Pythagoras Theorem and Sine, Cosine and Tangent for example).   Try it yourself (drag the points): Two Types There are two types of right angled triangle: Isosceles right angled triangle Two other equal angles always of 45° Two equal sides


Which 'historical nationality' of Spain is directly north of Portugal?

Lonely Planet Travel Guides and Travel Information From A (Aznar) to Z (Zapatero): Spain under the new PSOE In the beginning Caves throughout the country tell us plenty about Spain’s earliest inhabitants. The most impressive, with sophisticated paintings of bison, stag, boar and horses, are at Altamira near Santander , and date from around 12, 000 BC. Altamira was part of the Magdalenian hunting culture of southern France and northern Spain, a Palaeolithic (Old Stone Age) culture that lasted from around 20, 000 BC to the end of the last Ice Age in about 8000 BC. The story goes back even further. The oldest pieces of human bone in Europe have been found in Spain. Human bone fragments 780, 000 years old were found in the Sierra de Atapuerca near Burgos in 1994 and probably come from ancestors of the later Neanderthals. Another piece of bone found in 1976 near Orce, in Granada province, is reckoned to be from the skull of an infant ancestor of Homo sapiens eaten by a giant hyena over a million years ago. These finds suggest that the earliest humans in Europe arrived in Spain from Africa . From the later Neanderthal era, about 30, 000 BC, comes ‘ Gibraltar woman’, a skull that was found in 1848. Current thinking is that the Neanderthals were displaced during the last Ice Age by waves of migrants of African origin. The Cueva de Nerja in Andalucía is one of many sites of these Cro-Magnons, the first modern humans, who hunted mammoth, bison and reindeer. After the Ice Age new peoples, probably from North Africa, arrived, and their rock-shelter paintings of hunting and dancing survive in eastern Spain. The Neolithic (New Stone Age) reached eastern Spain from Mesopotamia and Egypt around 6000 BC, bringing many innovations, such as the plough, crops, livestock, pottery, textiles and permanent villages. Between 3000 and 2000 BC the first metalworking culture began at Los Millares, near Almería, where people began to smelt and shape local copper deposits. The same era saw the building of megalithic tombs (dolmens), constructed of large rocks, around the perimeter of the Iberian Peninsula. The best examples are to be found at Antequera in Andalucía . The Bronze Age in Spain began around 1900 BC when people at El Argar in Almería province learned how to alloy copper with tin. ^ Back to top Phoenicians & Greeks By about 1000 BC a flourishing culture had arisen in western Andalucía . The development of this and other societies in the south and east was influenced by Phoenician and, later, Greek traders, who exchanged oils, textiles, jewels and ivory for local metals. The Phoenicians, a Semitic people from present-day Lebanon , set up trading colonies including Cádiz (which they called Gadir), Huelva (Onuba), Málaga (Malaca) and Almuñécar (Ex or Sex). Greek settlements, which began around 600 BC, tended to be further north on the Mediterranean coast. The biggest was Emporion (Empúries) in Catalonia . These incomers brought the potter’s wheel, writing, coinage, the olive tree, the grapevine, the donkey and the hen. Around 700 BC iron replaced bronze as the most important metal in the lower Guadalquivir valley of western Andalucía . This Phoenician-influenced culture was very likely the fabled Tartessos, which Greek, Roman and biblical writers mythologised as a place of unimaginable wealth. No-one knows whether Tartessos was a city or a state. Some argue it was a trading settlement on the site of modern Huelva; some believe it may lie beneath the marshes near the mouth of the Río Guadalquivir. ^ Back to top Iberians & Celts Iberians is the general name given to the inhabitants of most of the Iberian Peninsula during the millennium or so before the Romans arrived in 218 BC. From around 1000 to 500 BC, they were joined by Celts (originally from Central Europe) and other tribes who crossed the Pyrenees and settled in northern Spain. In contrast to the dark-featured Iberians, the Celts were fair, drank beer and ate lard. Celts and Iberians who merged on the meseta (the high tableland of central Spain) became the Celtiberians. Celts and Celtibe


What onomatopoeic term refers to a 'modern jazz' form popularized in the 1940s by Charlie Parker, John Coltrane, Miles Davis, Dizzy Gillespie and others?

Jazz - Festival International de Jazz de Montréal Home > Artists > Special features > Jazz Jazz Jazz, the bridge between blues, gospel and ragtime, first arose         in the United States at the end of the 19th century, the direct result of African         musical traditions meeting white European culture. As it evolved over time, the         genre spawned several offshoots, including swing, jazz fusion, electro-jazz, Latin         jazz and free jazz, and such supremely talented musicians as Louis Armstrong, Billie Holiday, Ella Fitzgerald , Dave Brubeck , Miles Davis and Keith Jarrett have chosen to call         it their own. The Birth of Jazz The etymology of the word is nebulous at best. Jass or jazz? When it first showed       up in a 1917 song titled Dixieland Jass Band One-Step (by the New       Orleans-based Original Dixieland Jass Band), it was spelled with a double “s.” Semantic analyses hint at a number of potential origins, none of which is the subject       of unanimous agreement. In its accepted slang form, the word has a sexual connotation,       and some have even equated it with the French term jaser. Others point       to Jazbo Brown, a travelling delta blues musician from this early period. And the       debate goes on… While experts can’t seem to agree on the origin of the term, they are generally       united on the issue of its musical genesis. As a recognizable musical form, jazz       first emerged toward the end of the 19th century, as three musical forerunners       intimately linked with the Afro-American experience – gospel, blues and ragtime – came together some 200 years after the first slave ships arrived in       America. Hard Labour, Sublime Music The first two genres – gospel and blues – are inextricably tied to the       experience of the slaves who toiled on plantations and cotton fields. Also called       the Negro spiritual, Gospel is a form of religious music steeped in the oral tradition. The blues were born in the rural American South,       and eventually served as a primary influence on R&B and rock. Incorporating       folk, Latin and classical influences, Ragtime, a genre made popular       at the turn of the 19th century, was a syncopated and structured form of music       that drew its appeal from more educated circles. Texan Scott Joplin is by far the best known ragtime musician and composer. Jazz music thus arose at the juncture between African traditions, the American experience       and a European heritage – piano and saxophone, the mainstays of jazz, are       Old World instruments. Hot Times in the Big Easy New Orleans, the culturally heterogeneous capital of the American South, was the       fertile terrain upon which jazz was allowed to flourish. Small jazz orchestras first       popularized this new form of music in the cabarets, clubs and brothels of the city’s       red-hot Storyville district, and before long jazz could be heard all over the Big       Easy. In contrast to classical music, jazz, with its innate swing rhythm (felt directly       in the hips!), had a distinct vocation: to make people dance. Early jazz ensembles       typically included piano, banjo, double bass and brass and gave a wide berth to       improvisation, thus breaking from the strictures inherent in written music. Big Bands Carry the Day The advent of big band in the Roaring Twenties ushered in a new era in jazz. Afro-American musician, band       leader and arranger Fletcher Henderson formed the first of the       large jazz orchestras in 1924. He was followed by the likes of Duke Ellington, Dizzy Gillespie and Glenn Miller. It’s Gotta Have Swing The swing era lasted       from the late 1920s until the mid-1940s. In the wake of the Great Depression,       Americans conceived a love affair with this up-tempo style of music that allowed       people to forget about their


The variable vast plasma stream of electrons and protons from the Sun is called?

Mission:Science Science Mission Directorate. "Space Weather 101" Mission:Science. 2009. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Variable Sun A widely spreading coronal mass ejection (CME) blasts more than a billion tons of matter out into space at millions of kilometers per hour. Looking at the sky with the naked eye, the Sun seems static, placid, and constant. But our Sun gives us more than just a steady stream of warmth and light. The Sun regularly bathes us and the rest of our solar system in energy in the forms of light and electrically charged particles and magnetic fields. The result is what we call space weather. The Sun is a huge thermonuclear reactor, fusing hydrogen atoms into helium and producing million degree temperatures and intense magnetic fields. The outer layer of the Sun near its surface is like a pot of boiling water, with bubbles of hot, electrified gas - electrons and protons in a fourth state of matter known as plasma - circulating up from the interior and bursting out into space. The steady stream of particles blowing away from the Sun is known as the solar wind. Blustering at 800,000 to 5 million miles per hour, the solar wind carries a million tons of matter into space every second (that’s the mass of Utah’s Great Salt Lake) and reaches well beyond the solar system’s planets. Its speed, density and the magnetic fields associated with that plasma affect Earth’s protective magnetic shield in space (the magnetosphere). This was the largest sunspot group of this solar cycle as it moved with the Sun’s rotation. On 30 March 2001, the sunspot area within the group (called active region 9393) extended across an area more than 13 times the diameter of the Earth. It yielded numerous flares and coronal mass ejections, including the largest X-ray flare recorded in 25 years on 2 April 2001, the last image in the series. Caused by intense magnetic fields emerging from the interior, a sunspot appears to be dark only when contrasted against the rest of the solar surface, because it is slightly cooler than the unmarked regions. Most of the time the effects are benign, but when sunspots appear, it is a potential sign of a space weather storm. Sunspots are dark splotches on the Sun caused by the appearance of cooler (4000° C) areas amidst the roiling gases on the surface (6000° C). Space weather forecasters closely watch sunspots because, like high and low pressure systems on Earth, they hold signs of the severity of what’s to come. The solar magnetic field changes on an 11-year cycle. Every solar cycle, the number of sunspots and solar storms increases to a peak, known as the solar maximum. Then, after a few years of high activity, the Sun will ramp down for a few years of low solar minimum. Solar Storms Solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are two kinds of solar storms. Solar flares appear as explosive bright spots on the surface of the Sun. Flares occur when magnetic energy built up in the solar atmosphere near a sunspot is suddenly released in a burst equivalent to ten million volcanic eruptions. Radiation—including radio waves, X rays, and gamma rays—and electrically charged particles blast from the Sun following a solar flare. The strongest flares occur just several times per decade, while weaker flares are relatively common, with as many as a dozen a day during the Sun’s most active periods. A CME is the violent eruption of a huge magnetic cloud of plasma from the Sun’s outer atmosphere, or corona. The corona is the gaseous region above the surface that extends millions of miles into space. Temperatures in this region exceed one million degrees Celsius, 200 times hotter than the surface of the Sun. A number of theories attempt to explain the occurrence of a CME. The magnetic fields in the corona are affected by both new fields emerging from below the surface and by the motions of the plasma at the surface, which carry the fields with them. They can become twisted, and thus energized in localized regions, often creating sunspots. Overlying magnetic fields are like a net holding down a ho


Doggerel is a crude form of what, originating in many cultures in the late middle-ages?

Middle Ages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Middle Ages Replica of the helmet found at Sutton Hoo , in the burial of an Anglo-Saxon leader, probably a king , about 620 in the Early Middle Ages [1] The Middle Ages is a period of European history that lasted from the 5th until the 15th centuries. It began with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire , and was followed by the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery . The Middle Ages is the middle period of the traditional division of Western history into Classical, Medieval, and Modern periods. The period is subdivided into the Early Middle Ages , the High Middle Ages , and the Late Middle Ages . In the Early Middle Ages, depopulation, deurbanization, and barbarian invasions, which began in Late Antiquity , continued. The barbarian invaders formed new kingdoms in the remains of the Western Roman Empire. In the 7th century North Africa and the Middle East , once part of the Eastern Roman Empire (the Byzantine Empire ), became an Islamic Empire after conquest by Muhammad 's successors . Although there were substantial changes in society and political structures, the break with Antiquity was not complete. The still sizeable Byzantine Empire survived and remained a major power. The empire's law code, the Code of Justinian , was widely admired. In the West, most kingdoms incorporated extant Roman institutions, while monasteries were founded as Christianity expanded in western Europe. The Franks , under the Carolingian dynasty , established an empire covering much of western Europe; the Carolingian Empire endured until the 9th century, when it succumbed to the pressures of invasion — the Vikings from the north; the Magyars from the east, and the Saracens from the south. During the High Middle Ages, which began after AD 1000, the population of Europe increased greatly as technological and agricultural innovations allowed trade to flourish and crop yields to increase. Manorialism — the organization of peasants into villages that owed rent and labor services to the nobles ; and feudalism — the political structure whereby knights and lower-status nobles owed military service to their overlords, in return for the right to rent from lands and manors - were two of the ways society was organized in the High Middle Ages. The Crusades , first preached in 1095, were military attempts, by western European Christians, to regain control of the Middle Eastern Holy Land from the Muslims . Kings became the heads of centralized nation states, reducing crime and violence but making the ideal of a unified Christendom more distant. Intellectual life was marked by scholasticism , a philosophy which emphasized joining faith to reason, and by the founding of universities . The philosophy of Thomas Aquinas , the paintings of Giotto , the poetry of Dante and Chaucer , the travels of Marco Polo , and the architecture of Gothic cathedrals such as Chartres are among the outstanding achievements of this period. The Late Middle Ages were marked by difficulties and calamities, such as famine, plague, and war, which much diminished the population of western Europe; in the four years from 1347 through 1350, the Black Death killed approximately a third of the European population. Controversy, heresy , and schism within the Church paralleled the warfare between states, the civil war, and peasant revolts occurring in the kingdoms. Cultural and technological developments transformed European society, concluding the Late Middle Ages and beginning the Early Modern period . Contents See also: Periodization The Middle Ages is one of the three major periods in the most enduring scheme for analyzing European history : classical civilization, or Antiquity , the Middle Ages, and the modern period . [2] Development of the concept Medieval writers divided history into periods such as the " Six Ages " or the " Four Empires " and considered their time period to be the last before the end of the world. [3] In the 1330s, the humanist and poet Petrarch referred to pre-Christian times as antiqua (or "ancient") and to the Christian


What is a continuous low musical note, annoying monotony, and a controversial flying machine?

I'm plagued by a 'hum' that no one else hears | Daily Mail Online I'm plagued by a 'hum' that no one else hears comments Frustrated: 'The Hum' victim, retired postwoman Helen Green Helen Green first noticed the sound when lying in the bath. It was a low humming, as if a car engine had been left running. At first she simply dismissed it. She and her husband, Richard, had just moved into a new bungalow near Ropley, Hampshire, and were having building work done. She assumed the sound was something to do with the renovations. But as the days - then months - passed, the noise remained.  'Every day, from morning to night, I could hear it,' says Helen, a 59-year-old retired postwoman. 'It has a rhythm to it, going up and down, louder and softer. I could feel it, too - the vibrations were going through my body.' Before long Helen says this low drone - which she only heard at home - became a kind of a torture. 'It was as upsetting as someone pulling finger nails down a chalk board,' she says. 'I couldn't sleep or think. I turned into a monster. I hated my husband, I hated everybody. Some days I'd have to get in the car and drive. I'd drive around for hours to escape. But you had to come back eventually.' Most disturbing was the fact that Helen's husband couldn't hear the noise and neither could friends or family who visited. 'Every day, from morning to night, I could hear it'   'They thought I was losing it; sometimes I even agreed with them,' says Helen. 'I'd spend days with my ear up to the fridge or the boiler trying to find the source. I tried to block it out with earplugs - I even walked around with aluminium foil around my head. Nothing worked.' As bizarre as it might sound, Helen's case is far from unique. Thousands of people are plagued by what is, effectively, a supersensitivity to low frequency sounds - sounds at the lower limit of normal human hearing. High frequency sounds are high-pitched noises such as ringing and whistling.  RELATED ARTICLES Share this article Share Low frequency sounds are low-pitched hums or drones produced by everything from factories, machinery and transport to household items such as fridges and boilers. They even come from the sea. Known as 'The Hum', this sensitivity can, in extreme cases, result in headaches, depression and even, in one instance, suicide. Localised: 'The hum' vanished as soon as Helen gets to the end of the road outside her house (file picture) It's estimated that between 20 and 30per cent of the population suffer from some sort of noise sensitivity and at least 10,000 people now hear The Hum. 'What people are experiencing is real,' says Dr Geoff Leventhall, an expert in noise, vibration and acoustics and author of a Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) report on low-frequency noise. 'The effects can be very upsetting. It causes stress and sleeplessness, and affects relationships and your ability to work.' In about a third of cases the specific cause of the noise can be identified. 'It may be a fridge in the apartment above or a piece of heavy machinery at a nearby factory that is causing the disturbance,' Dr Leventhall says. 'If you can find the source you can usually deal with it.' The fridge can be put up on mountings to reduce the vibrations or, if the sounds are industrial, there are silencers that factories can adopt if the problem is affecting a wide number of people, he explains. 'I couldn't sleep or think. I turned into a monster. I hated my husband, I hated everybody'   Yet, more often than not, no external noise can be identified. 'People spend years trying to track down the noise,' says Dr Leventhall. 'In many cases environmental health can't measure the sound because it's at too low a frequency for their recording equipment and this, combined with partners or family being unable to hear anything themselves, leaves people thinking they're going mad.' So why can some people hear the noise while others can't? It could be that some people are actually experiencing tinnitus, says Crystal Rolfe, an audiology specialist for the Royal Natio


Whose name was licensed in 2014 for cannabis products, anticipating a market of $10bn?

1st QUIZ of the 2015 1st QUIZ of the 2015 « on: December 31, 2014, 07:26:32 PM » Ok so here are 10 questions all about 2014 Answers please like this 4. 1.What is the year 2014 in Roman numerals? 2.Whose name was licensed in 2014 for cannabis products, anticipating a market of $10bn: Marley; Presley; Dylan; or Madonna? 3.How many countries competed in the Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games: 29; 37; 46; or 71? 4.Name the actor who died in 2014, star of The Rockford Files and The Great Escape? 5.The velocity of 67P, the first comet to be landed on by an earthly craft in Nov 2014, was approx (what?) km/hr: 135; 1,350; 13,500; or 135,000? 6.What word differentiates the 1990 FIFA World Cup Final from the 2014 'repeat' in which Germany beat Argentina 1-0? 7.In what city did a nurse become the first person outside Africa to be infected by Ebola in the 2014 outbreak? 8.What was Miley Cyrus's award-winning record-breaking 2014 video/hit song, being the thing on which she controversially swung nude? 9.Graffitied and repainted often since 1980, and obliterated in 2014 except from the ironic statement "Wall is over", the 'Freedom Wall' in Prague celebrates whose memory? 10.Which historically contested region did Russia annexe from Ukraine in February 2014? « Last Edit: January 03, 2015, 03:14:36 PM by DECK_OF_CARDS » Logged


Name the actor who died in 2014, star of The Rockford Files and The Great Escape?

James Garner, Rockford Files star, dies aged 86 - BBC News BBC News James Garner, Rockford Files star, dies aged 86 20 July 2014 Close share panel Image copyright Getty Images Image caption James Garner had huge success with long-running TV series The Rockford Files and Maverick James Garner, the US star of hit TV series The Rockford Files and Maverick and films including The Great Escape, has died aged 86. Garner had suffered ill health since a severe stroke in 2008. "Mr Garner died of natural causes," the West LA Division of the Los Angeles Police Department told the BBC, adding he died on Saturday and his body has been released to his family. His publicist confirmed to the BBC that he died at home. Garner famously played the laconic private investigator Jim Rockford. He won an Emmy for the role in 1977 and starred in 122 episodes of the hugely successful show from 1974 to 1980. He returned to it in the 1990s with eight Rockford Files TV movies. Media captionWatch James Garner as private investigator Jim Rockford in a scene from the hit 70s US TV show, The Rockford Files Another role, as the poker-playing Bret Maverick in the Western comedy, was also a hit with TV viewers, running for 60 episodes from 1957 to 1962. It ran again for another 18 episodes from 1981 to 1982. Image copyright AP Image caption This photo of Garner as Maverick was taken in 1982 Richard Natale of Variety said that the role of the laid-back, work-shy Maverick fitted "his wry personality like a glove" . However he left the show following a legal dispute over his salary with Warner Bros, which he won. The TV show was later made into a film in 1992 starring Mel Gibson and Jodie Foster, but also starred Garner - this time on the right side of the law, as Marshal Zane Cooper. In 1963's iconic World War Two film The Great Escape, Garner played flight lieutenant Robert Hendley, an American in the RAF, alongside Steve McQueen, Richard Attenborough and Donald Pleasence. Image copyright Rex Features Image caption Garner [R] was in The Great Escape with Gordon Jackson, Donald Pleasance and Richard Attenborough The film depicted the daring escape by prisoners of war from the German Stalag Luft III camp through a 336ft (102m) long tunnel. Only three reached safety and of the 73 recaptured, 50 were shot. Hendley's role in the film was as the "scrounger" who managed to get hold of identity cards, clothes and a camera. Garner later said that he had based this role on his real-life experiences - also as a "scrounger" - during the Korean War with the US Army. He also had success with films including Grand Prix in 1966, a fictional account of the Formula One season featuring actual racing footage. The actor went on to be Oscar-nominated for best actor in 1986 for the romantic comedy Murphy's Romance, co-starring Sally Field, in which he played a small town pharmacist. Other leading ladies included Doris Day, who he starred with in the 1963 screwball comedy Move over Darling, and Julie Andrews, his co-star in gender-bending comedy Victor Victoria in 1982. Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Garner received a lifetime achievement award from the Screen Actors Guild in 2005 In an interview on US TV in 2002 , he told Charlie Rose: "John [Sturges, Great Escape's director] was a great director and editor and he got the most out of his actors. I don't know how he did that, I think it was just a pat on the back and that sort of thing." He also admitted that he was "always nervous" when acting, adding: "Keeps me on my toes. I've never been that confident, I don't have the background in acting. "Some people do, they went to all these classes. A lot of people say you have to have this foundation, you have to have all the great teachers and all the great theory. I don't think so. "When I was 25 when I first started acting I'd been around the world a little bit. I'd travelled in a lot of different societies. I felt I knew as much as any of these actors who'd been to acting school." Garner, who was born in Oklahoma and brought up by relatives after the death of his mother


What word differentiates the 1990 FIFA World Cup Final from the 2014 'repeat' in which Germany beat Argentina 1-0?

World Cup 2014: Germans certain their team will beat Argentina - BBC Sport BBC Sport World Cup 2014: Germans certain their team will beat Argentina By Patrick Strasser Germany's 7-1 thrashing of Brazil was one of the World Cup's biggest ever shocks 2014 Fifa World Cup final Venue: Maracana Stadium, Rio de Janeiro Date: Sunday, 13 July 20:00 BST Coverage: Live and uninterrupted on BBC One, the BBC Sport website and BBC Radio 5 live Life is a challenge these days in Germany if you are not a football fan. You simply cannot avoid it. The media is awash with interest in Sunday's World Cup final, with the 'Nationalelf' (national 11) involved against old rivals Argentina. The stunning 7-1 semi-final win over hosts Brazil resulted in football euphoria only seen before in the country when West Germany won previous World Cup tournaments in 1954, 1974 and 1990. "Three days to go", "two days to go", "one day to go" - these have been the headlines from Germany's biggest selling tabloid Bild. It's the countdown to the final or the 'finaaaaale o-ho' as German fans always sing when their team reaches this biggest of big games. "Only one more victory to glory" proclaims the twice-weekly football-magazine Kicker. One thing is for certain: this is a nation with a yearning hunger to win the World Cup, a hunger formed in the 24 years of waiting since the last triumph against, who else, Argentina in 1990. A Germany versus Argentina final also brings heavy work for all the heroes of 1990, especially Lothar Matthaus, Andreas Brehme, Rudi Voller and goalkeeper Bodo Illgner. They are suddenly hot property again for the media, who want them to re-tell the story of how the Germans edged out Argentina thanks to an 85th-minute penalty scored by Brehme as then coach Franz Beckenbauer, who captained the nation to glory in 1974, became the first player to win as both captain and coach. Jurgen Klinsmann, head coach of the US team and beaten by the Germans in the group stage in Brazil, posted via Facebook, holding a German shirt: "Our team will take the crown. Enjoy the moment!" Germany avenged their World Cup final defeat by Argentina in 1986 by defeating them 1-0 in the final in Rome in 1990 All the past heroes are certain that the new generation of 2014 will make it. Confidence in Germany is sky high, with flags draped on balconies, from windows and attached to cars. So much schwarz-rot-gold (black, red and gold) has not been seen since 2006, when Germany hosted the event and Italy beat France in a penalty shootout in the final. That was the time when the word 'schland' was born - a nickname for the football nation and easy for fans to bawl in stadiums. Everybody, it seems, expects Germany to win against Argentina on Sunday. Anybody who doubts it risks being called a moaner, a spoilsport. However, the near-hysteria of the media is not excessive; the media merely reflects the atmosphere of an expectant nation. Losing against Argentina is just not an option. Not at all. Not after this outstanding tournament. Not with Thomas Muller, Sami Khedira, Toni Kroos and goalkeeper Manuel Neuer in such great form. Not after a 7-1 routing of Brazil in their own backyard. Not after these huge reactions from fans and VIPs alike. From Heidi Klum to Steffi Graf, from actor Til Schweiger to former F1 driver Nick Heidfeld, from basketball player Dirk Nowitzki to Boris Becker - everybody cheered the Low team on Twitter, Facebook or on TV. Amazing Germany There were 179 seconds between Germany's second and fourth goals during their 7-1 thumping of Brazil in the 2014 World Cup semi-final. Striker Miroslav Klose becomes the record goalscorer in World Cup history with 16 goals in 23 games. Germany were 5-0 up after 29 minutes in the match - faster than any team in World Cup history. Germany netted as many goals in this semi-final as they had in their previous six (1982-2010). Germany are now the highest scorers in World Cup history with 223 goals, overtaking Brazil. They are the first team to score seven times in a World Cup semi-final. Thomas Muller has scored 10 goals and pr


In what city did a nurse become the first person outside Africa to be infected by Ebola in the 2014 outbreak?

Spanish Nurse Becomes First Person to Contract the Ebola Virus Outside of Africa – TheBlaze Tweet MADRID (TheBlaze/AP) — The first case of a person being infected with the Ebola virus outside of Africa since this historic outbreak began has happened in Spain, the country’s health minister said Monday. The victim is a female nurse who was part of the medical team that treated a 69-year-old Spanish priest who died in a hospital last month after being flown back from Sierra Leone, where he was posted, Health Minister Ana Mato said. The woman went to the Alcorcon hospital in the Madrid suburbs with a fever and was placed in isolation. Mato said the infection was confirmed by two tests and that the nurse was admitted to a hospital on Sunday. The woman’s only symptom was a fever, Antonio Alemany, Madrid director of primary health care, told a news conference. Alemany said authorities are drawing up a list of people the nurse had contact with. The Spanish priest who was diagnosed with the Ebola virus while working in Sierra Leone has been flown back to Spain and taken to a Madrid hospital. The priest died after being transported back to Spain and, more recently, a nurse who helped care for him tested positive for the virus.  (AP Photo/Spanish Defense Ministry) The Spanish priest the nurse helped treat was Manuel Garcia Viejo, who died Sept. 25, becoming the second Spanish missionary to fall victim to the deadly virus. In August, a 75-year-old Spanish priest, Miguel Pajares, was flown back to Spain from Liberia, but died after being treated with the experimental Ebola medicine ZMapp. The virus that causes Ebola spreads only through direct contact with the bodily fluids of an infected person who is showing symptoms. In West Africa, the disease has spread quickly to family members who cared for the sick or handled their bodies after death. At this point, World Health Organization estimates that the outbreak has killed more than 3,400 people. In other Ebola news, Ashoka Mukpo, a 33-year-old photojournalist who was infected while covering the story in Africa, was transported to a hospital in Nebraska for further treatment Monday. This is the fifth American to become infected with the virus. An ambulance transports Ashoka Mukpo, who contracted Ebola while working in Liberia, to the Nebraska Medical Center’s specialized isolation unit Monday, Oct 6, 2014 in Omaha, Neb., where he will be treated for the deadly disease. Mukpo is an American video journalist who was working in Liberia as a freelance cameraman for NBC News when he became ill last week. (AP/Omaha World-Herald, Ryan Soderlin) Meanwhile, a Liberian man with Ebola who started showing symptoms while visiting the U.S. is in critical condition at a Dallas hospital. U.S. officials are considering whether they should institute other screening options to stop imported cases of Ebola into the country as well after the patient in Dallas flew into the America before he exhibited symptoms. Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said “all options are being looked at.” The question, Fauci told CNN, is whether “the extra level of screening is going to be worth the resources you need to put into it.” “There is clear-cut screening going on in the exit end,” Fauci said, referring to the screening of outbound passengers before they leave Ebola-affected countries. The current U.S. discussion, he said, centers on “what kind of screening you do on the entry end. That’s something that’s on the table now.” Extra screening might include checking travelers to see if they have a fever, then evaluating them further if they do, he said. Dr. Tom Frieden of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said about 40,000 people came in to the U.S. from African countries over the past six months, including Americans returning from travels there. As for help going out to the West African countries hardest hit by the viral disease, the Maj. Gen. Gary J. Volesky, commander of the Army’s 101st Airborne Division at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, said some of his sol


"Graffitied and repainted often since 1980, and obliterated in 2014 except from the ironic statement ""Wall is over"", the 'Freedom Wall' in Prague celebrates whose memory?"

CP January 2015 online by CityPages Kuwait - issuu issuu 61 JANUARY 2015 issuu.com/citypageskuwait Scan this QR code with your smart phone /tablet and enjoy reading CityPages. To read it on your computer, simply visit the web link above. Designing fur for chic, trendy and modern women pinterest.com/citypagesmag Scan this QR code with your smart phone /tablet and enjoy reading and sharing slective pages from this issue of CityPages. To read it on your computer, simply visit the web link above. LIFESTYLE / PEOPLE / EVENTS / FASHION ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑـــ 20 ﺩ.ﻙ *ﻻ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﺮﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻹﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ contents ISSUE 61, VOLUME 5, JANUARY 2015 100 36 122 BEAUTY 28. Intersection 30. Black And White 32. Parenting Tips For 2015 34. Introduction To Hospitality 110. Movies And Their Impact On Society 96. Winter Skin Survival 98. Perfume Extracting ENTERTAINMENT 106. Music With MJB 107. Top Music Charts 108. January Movie Releases FASHION 68. Vogue Fashion Dubai Experience 70. Fashion Photo Shoot -Mosaic 90. Fashion Photo Shoot-Winter Desert Rose 130. Fashion News FEATURE 18. Welcome To Another Effing New Year 20. Festive Day 22. New Year’s Reading Resolutions 24. Rant And Rabbit III 26. ٢٠١٥ ً أهال 64 84 FOOD 64. Ditch The Shrink And Gym It Instead To A Better You This 2015! 66. New Year-New Resolutions 84. Nat’s Kitchen Tales. . . With Love contents ISSUE 61, VOLUME 5, JANUARY 2015 90 42. Presbyopia 44. Belly Fat IS Bad! 46. Spotlight On Recent Developments In 114 48. Early Labor 50. The Salhiya Medical Pavilion 36 154 INTERVIEW 36. Alessandra Vicedomini 56. Shaima Namovar 100. Maali Al-Oudah 112. Latifa Al-Gallaf 122. One-On-One With Kinda AlFaris KIDS 154. Kids Pages 114. Short Stories By Nadia AlHassan 116. The Beauty In Quietude 118. Writing Tips By Nada Faris 60. Ways To Keep Your New Year Resolutions 62. Ten New Year Resolutions To Keep For 2015 124 TECHNOLOGY 124. Cool New Gadgets 126. Tech Updates & News 128. Three Resolutions To Keep This Year REGULARS 59. The Color Recipe 86. City Guide 88. Travel With MuzMuz 120. January Book Releases 121. Book Club 136. Diary Of A Citizen Of The World 137. Adopt A Street Princess 139. Events 146. Press 152. Say Cheez With CityPages 156. Homework For Grown Ups 158. Horoscopes Dear Readers… Dhari Al-Muhareb Editor-in-Chief Jameel Arif General Manager & Editor Eng. Homoud AlMuhareb Publishing Director Abeer Al-Abduljalil Managing Editor Muhammed Altaf Sr. Sales Manager Claudia Farias Content Supervisor Tanya Burns Creative Director Graphic Designers Mohammed Syed Khaled Al-Enezi Contributing Team Nadia Al-Hassan Abdullah Y. Shams AlDeen Abdulaziz Al-Khamis Nada Soliman Abdalla AlMuzaini Nada Faris Adnan Najeeb Al-Abbar Nour Al-Zaabi Ali - DJ RAVEN Oussama T. Hussein ARTRONAUTS Paul Tunbridge ASAMA Perfumes Reshmi Revi BirthKuwait Deema DeCaux Sanaa Abdul Hamid Dr. Nazia Nausheen Sandra Bakhamian Faisal Al-Dhofari Sherihan A. Hassabo Erika Habig Talah Alabdulaaly John McArthur Tassnim Hassoun Khaled Al-Zawawi Zahra Ashkanani Layla Harmony Zahra Taqi Maha Al-Rashed Happy 2015! Time flies when you're having fun, they say. Well, we must be having a blast, because we've realized, with a bit of a start, that this is our fifth anniversary issue. 2015 is guaranteed to be an incredible year: We’ve got month after month of blockbuster CityPages lined up for you, each featuring a different theme. The five-year milestone has resulted in my thinking back to our original plans and how they have evolved over the years. The first issue of CityPages made its debut in the January of 2010. Our first cover personality was Manayer Salmeen, who had won the Miss Arab Sport title then. We profiled Faakhir - Pakistan's hottest pop icon as part of a larger story. We also had a very special feature on The Day Spa for Men. Since then, we have been carefully selecting our cover personalities and during this five-year journey, we are lucky to have featured some of the best talented and highly respected people from different industries. We have begun 2015 with a solid start by featuring the first Ku


On which planet did NASA's Curiosity rover complete its first year, equal to 687 Earth days, in June 2014?

This Week @ NASA, June 27, 20214 | NASA This Week @ NASA, June 27, 20214 “Here’s some of the stories trending This Week at NASA!” NASA, 50 years after The Civil Rights Act During a special program at NASA headquarters, the agency’s Office of Diversity and Equal Opportunity, in coordination with the Office of Legislative and Intergovernmental Affairs, helped celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The program, moderated by CNN’s Suzanne Malveaux, included NASA Administrator Charlie Bolden, a video-taped poem from civil rights era poet Nikki Giovanni, members of Congress and past and present NASA officials, highlighting the progress of the last 50 years and the civil rights challenges that still confront us. The Civil Rights Act was signed into law July 2, 1964 by President Lyndon Johnson – the namesake of NASA’s Johnson Space Center. Orion Chute Test A recent test of the Orion spacecraft’s parachutes was the most complex yet with the maximum amount of stress put on the chutes, to date. A test version of the spacecraft was dropped out of an aircraft about 35-thousand-feet above the U.S. Army's Yuma Proving Ground in Arizona. Engineers are testing the parachutes to ensure they can slow Orion for a safe landing in the Pacific Ocean during its first space flight test in December. Cryogenic tank and 3D printer NASA Associate Administrator for Space Technology, Mike Gazarik was on hand for a recent media event at Marshall Space Flight Center. Marshall is conducting a series of structural and pressure tests on an 18-foot-diameter composite cryogenic fuel tank – one of the largest ever built, along with testing and certification for a "3-D" printer like one that will head to the International Space Station later this year. These represent two of the advanced space technologies NASA is developing to enable future deep space exploration. Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 mission NASA’s Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 – the agency’s first mission dedicated to studying atmospheric carbon dioxide will help us understand the causes of carbon dioxide emissions, as well as naturally-occurring processes that help control CO-2 buildup. Launch of OCO-2 is targeted for July 1 from California’s Vandenberg Air Force Base. In a Martian Year On June 24, NASA’s Mars Curiosity rover completed its first Martian year -- 687 Earth days. Included on its list of accomplishments, in that time – discovering that ancient Mars offered environmental conditions favorable for microbial life. With that finding, Curiosity met the mission’s main goal. The rover also has provided data about radiation and atmospheric elements on the Red Planet to help us prepare for human missions to Mars.