In which country was the British Formula One racing driver Jim Clark killed in 1967?

Jim Clark - 1963, 1965 Jim Clark Share He never intended to make racing a way of life, let alone become the best in the world in a sport that for him began as farm boy's hobby. And when the sport took Jim Clark's life the racing world mourned the loss of one of its best-loved champions, the unassuming Scottish driving genius whose personal integrity and admirable human qualities endeared him to fans and rivals alike. Nearly invincible in the car, he seemed vulnerable out of it and was always a reluctant hero. Few champions were as dominant. Fewer still are remembered so fondly. 1 / 5 1962: Jim Clark of Team Lotus signs autographs for fans. © Sutton Images Monte Carlo, May 1963: Jim Clark took pole position for the Monaco Grand Prix but then retired his Lotus 25 from the race. He was classified eighth, his lowest placing of the year. © Schlegelmilch Spa, June 1963: Jim Clark came from eighth on the grid to win the Belgian Grand Prix by almost five minutes from the Cooper of Bruce McLaren. It was his first of seven victories en route to his first world title. © Schlegelmilch Brands Hatch, July 1964: Reigning champion Jim Clark checks the mirrors on his Lotus 25 before practice for the British Grand Prix. He went on to win the race, the last of his three victories that year. © Sutton Images Nurburgring, August 1965: Jim Clark celebrates the German Grand Prix win that brought him his second world title with Lotus team boss Colin Chapman (right). © Schlegelmilch James Clark, junior, was born on March 4, 1936, and brought up with his four sisters on the family farm in Scotland's Berwickshire hills near the border with England. There was plenty of room to roam around the Clark's large acreage where flocks of pedigree sheep grazed peacefully and where Jim Clark would always feel most at home. It was worlds away from international motorsport, a subject he first read about in books and magazines when, at 13, he went to a private school in Edinburgh, where he also played cricket and was quite good at hockey. When it came to using vehicles for sporting pursuits Jim had to overcome parental opposition to using them for anything other than utilitarian purposes. Having first driven the family car around the fields in secret, and then been allowed to drive farm tractors alone, Jim got his driver's license on his 17th birthday, by which time he had left school and was working full time on the farm. For personal transport he bought a Sunbeam Talbot and in 1956 began using it to compete in local rallies and driving skill tests. He soon graduated to winning club races in a variety of sportscars entered for him by wealthy enthusiast friends, without whose encouragement he might have progressed no further. When he won he found being the focus of attention embarrassing. He also felt guilty about racing against his family's wishes. Goaded on by his friends, the reluctant racer began to take it more seriously, demonstrating an outstanding natural talent that amazed everyone, and certainly surprised the man himself.  In 1958 Clark was given a sleek little Lotus Elite coupe to race at Brands Hatch, where he immediately impressed the winner in an identical car, Lotus founder Colin Chapman. Invited by Chapman to race a Lotus Formula Junior, Clark immediately excelled and was promoted to Team Lotus for the latter part of the 1960 Formula One season. In Belgium that year he suffered through one of the worst weekends in Formula One history. Early in the race at Spa Chris Bristow crashed fatally in a Cooper. Clark just managed to avoid the terribly mutilated body as it lay on the track but his Lotus was spattered with blood. A few laps later Clark's friend and Lotus team mate Alan Stacey lost control when he was hit in the face by a bird and he was killed. Clark admitted that the gruesome disasters nearly put him off racing forever. Thereafter he hated Spa with a vengeance and yet he would win there four times in succession. In 1961 his first complete Grand Prix season was blighted by his involvement in a collision at Monza with the Ferrari of Wolfgang


The West Indian island of Hispaniola consists of The Dominican Republic and which other country?

West Indies Map and Information Page Lesser Antilles (southeast)  The Bahamas consist of over 3,000 individual islands and reefs. The Greater Antilles include the island countries of Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti and the Dominican Republic (Hispaniola), and Puerto Rico. The Lesser Antilles are the much smaller islands to the southeast, and they are divided into two (2) groups, the Leeward Islands and Windward Islands. Indians were the first inhabitants, and then, in 1492, the explorer Christopher Columbus became the first European to arrive at the islands. It's believed by historians that he first stepped foot in the Bahamas. Columbus called these islands the Indies because he thought he had finally reached Asia (and the East Indies). Spain, when Columbus' mistake was discovered, (pardon the pun) renamed them the West Indies, to distinguish them from the Spice Islands in the Pacific Ocean, (the East Indies) which we now call Indonesia. The modern day, the West Indies refers to: The islands of the  Bahamas


Which common spring flower has the Latin name Galanthus?

Galanthus nivalis (common snowdrop) | Plants & Fungi At Kew Discover plants and fungi Galanthus nivalis (common snowdrop) Common snowdrop is one of the most popular of all cultivated bulbous plants, and its flowering is traditionally seen to herald the end of winter. The delicate white hanging flowers of Galanthus nivalis Species information Galanthus nivalis L. Common name:  common snowdrop, snowdrop, flower of hope (English); galantine d’hiver, perce-neige (French); bucaneve (Italian); hovirag (Hungarian) Conservation status:  Near Threatened (NT) according to IUCN Red List criteria. Habitat:  Mostly deciduous woodland, but occasionally coniferous woodland. Also in meadows, pasture, amongst scrub, near rivers and on stony slopes, particularly on calcareous soils. Key Uses:  Ornamental, medicinal, insecticide Known hazards:  Snowdrops and their bulbs are poisonous to humans and can cause nausea, diarrhoea and vomiting if eaten in large quantities. Taxonomy Genus: Galanthus About this species Galanthus nivalis was described by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum in 1753, and given the specific epithet nivalis, meaning snowy (Galanthus means with milk-white flowers). This narrow-leaved snowdrop, with its delicate white hanging flowers, has become very popular in cultivation and is commonly planted in gardens and parks. It is now a familiar sight even in the British Isles and northern France where it is not native. Genus:  Discover more Geography and distribution Common snowdrop occurs throughout Europe, from the Pyrenees eastward to the Ukraine, and from Germany and Poland southwards to southern Italy, Albania and northern Greece. It is found at 100–1,400 m above sea level (although it most commonly occurs at 300–600 m).  Open fruit showing the hook-shaped elaiosomes of the seeds, appendages which attract ants for seed dispersal (Photo: Wolfgang Stuppy) It is considered to be introduced and naturalised in northern Europe, including the British Isles. Description Overview: The bulb is more or less spherical to ovoid, 2–2.2 cm x 1.1–1.5 cm. The green scape (the leafless, flower-bearing stalk) is 7–15 cm long and bears a single erect flower bud, which later becomes pendent (hangs down). Leaves: The leaves are applanate in vernation (are held flat against each other in bud), more or less linear and 5-15 x 0.4-0.8 cm at flowering. The leaves are smooth and semi-glaucous (dull greyish green).  Flowers: The flowers are composed of six white perianth segments (petals and sepals which are similar in appearance), the inner three of which are smaller and have a notch in the tip, above which is a green inverted V- to inverted U-shaped mark. Fruits and seeds: The fruit is a more or less spherical capsule, 1–1.2 cm in diameter. The pale brown seeds are about 0.4 cm long. Threats and conservation All snowdrops (Galanthus spp.) are included in CITES Appendix II, which lists plants that are not currently under threat of extinction, but which should have their trade monitored and regulated to ensure wild populations are not endangered. Galanthus nivalis at Kew Gardens CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna) is an international agreement between governments across the world that aims to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival. Under this convention, export quotas are set to limit the numbers of plants and bulbs leaving a country and help prevent over-harvesting. As a result of heavy restrictions, reported trade in wild specimens of G. nivalis virtually ceased in 1995, with the reported end of exports from Hungary. Most nurseries now avoid the use of bulbs collected from the wild by selling stock raised from artificial propagation of bulb offsets, scale cuttings or seeds. Despite the restrictions on the snowdrop trade, populations in some areas remain under threat. For example, G. nivalis was once widely distributed in the East Carpathians (a mountain range arching across Central and Eastern Europe), bu


Which politician was portrayed as a bulldog by cartoonist Steve Bell?

Steve Bell: 'He's never kind, he's never affectionate' | Politics | The Guardian Politics Steve Bell: 'He's never kind, he's never affectionate' Steve Bell's 30-year career as a political cartoonist for the Guardian has earned him respect - and a certain amount of fear. Some of his victims pay tribute to him Wednesday 25 May 2011 03.00 EDT First published on Wednesday 25 May 2011 03.00 EDT Nick Clegg Nick Clegg gets the wrong answer to his AV referendum, 2011. Photograph: © Steve Bell, 2011 Seeing Steve Bell at work is impressive: I remember him sketching at breakneck speed while standing in a muddy field in Cornwall on the campaign trail, with hundreds of colourful pencils sticking out of his pockets. For that skill, I will forgive him for depicting me as a cardboard figure with a massive chin. Satire and cartoons are an essential part of a robust democracy and, over the last 30 years, Steve has proved to be one of the best. When you're his subject, his cartoons can make you take a sharp breath. But that's exactly why they work. Edwina Currie Edwina Currie and John Major's underpants, 2002. Photograph: ©Steve Bell 2002 The one that sticks in my mind is a famous one that was in the National Portrait Gallery. He portrayed me as an enormous chicken laying an egg. It's one of the cartoons of myself I did not buy. I'm not sure whether he would have sold it to me, but my vanity was not such that I wanted that on my bathroom wall. Others I remember – dare I say Mr Major in the blue underpants? I thought: I wonder if he is ever going to phone me and just check how accurate that is. He's never kind, never affectionate. So it can feel hurtful. Afterwards, you realise it's very funny and clever, but at the time you feel miffed that your enormous contribution to the country is not being recognised. Does it make you feel better when you see your political rivals skewered? Oh yes! Steve Bell is a remarkable talent. I'm not in the least surprised at his longevity. Long may he continue. Menzies Campbell Menzies Campbell overshadows Charles Kennedy, 2005. Photograph: © Steve Bell 2005 It's bittersweet to be in a Steve Bell cartoon. You join very exclusive company but the unnecessarily frank way in which you are portrayed ensures the pleasure of membership is short-lived! I like Steve Bell. Any time we meet, we josh each other. But every now and again, I harbour the improbable wish that I could do a cartoon of him emphasising his more obvious features to return his many "kindnesses" to me. After I became leader of the Liberal Democrats, I never felt the need to buy any of the originals of the cartoons in which I featured, although I do have a couple of cartoon strips that date from the time when he portrayed me as Ming the Merciless. I suppose, if you are a typical politician, you are only likely to collect the cartoons that approximate to your own view of yourself. Having experienced the acid brush of Steve Bell, I can't resist taking a certain atavistic pleasure when I see others suffer the same fate. There is a certain equality of treatment: no one is above his reach. Cartoons are a traditional feature of British political coverage and the cartoonist's pen stroke has often conveyed judgments more deadly than anything journalists would dare to express. Whoever heard of a politician suing because of a cartoon? You would literally be laughed out of court. John Prescott John Prescott gets lampooned for his love of croquet, 2006. Photograph: ©Steve Bell 2006 Every politician likes to think they aren't going to be dumped on, but cartoons don't play to the normal rules. And the images do influence people's attitudes. The character Steve Bell turned me into was a bulldog. I couldn't see if I had any balls or not, but the suggestion is I hadn't. And I had no teeth. That was his judgment on me politically, I assume. Do I like being drawn as a toothless politician? No I don't, but that's the press. Cartoonists put things in a sharper way and you accept that. It can be funny and powerful; it's a licence to take the piss, and Bell does it very wel


Made in 1961, what was the last film of both Marilyn Monroe and Clark Gable?

1961: Gable’s Last Movie: Prelude to Tragedy – Dear Mr. Gable 1961: Gable’s Last Movie: Prelude to Tragedy Gable’s Last Movie: Prelude to Tragedy LOOK magazine, January 31, 1961 To Clark Gable, The Misfits meant full circle to a long career. He was once more playing the footloose, carefree type of man he liked and understood. This time, his role was a present-day cowboy named Gay who refuses to give up his individuality as “the last of the free men”. “Isn’t Gay a wonderful man?” Gable would ask his friends. He was also elated with playwright Arthur Miller’s first movie script and his teaming with Marilyn Monroe, his most combustible leading lady since Jean Harlow. His happiness was multiplied by his wife’s pregnancy—his first child. “I want to be with that baby all the time,” he said. But The Misfits was The King’s farewell appearance. Within days after the film was completed, the most respected star of them all was dead. GABLE: His virile hulk towered over the movies for 30 years. He was a six-footer with hefty shoulders, narrow hips, ham-sized hands. At 59, the lines in his face had grown deep, his hair had grayed, but he still had his figure—after dieting off 35 pounds to his usual 192 for The Misfits. In a profession that engenders jealousy, Clark Gable was never attacked. An actor who has worked in Hollywood for 20 years says of him, “I have never heard anyone say an unfriendly word against him. In our business, this is about the finest tribute you can expect.” MONROE: In The Misfits, she is the last of the great film beauties to whom Gable made love. The screenplay, her estranged husband’s long-promised “ode to Marilyn”, gave her the chance that every female movie star always hoped for. She says, “When I was growing up, Clark Gable represented everything I idealized—and to find that that ideal was all I ever dreamed of, plus so much more—more human, warmer! I am sorry he didn’t always receive the recognition for his acting that he deserved—because he cared so very much…” THE TRAGEDY: Gable’s death was also a tragedy for the movie industry. He occupied a place no one will ever fill. A worker until the end, he did stunts in The Misfits that no man of his age should have tried, but he was a professional, and the scenes required realism. He stood upright on the hood of a car, fell across it, tumbled to the ground. He ran 100 yards for the camera at high altitude in 106-degree heat and repeated this action several times. In another scene, while wrestling with a wild stallion, he was tied to a rope and dragged along the ground face down. “Isn’t it wonderful—an old bloke like me going to be a papa!” he said, announcing the news. His five years with last wife, Kay, were among the most fulfilling of his life. After The Misfits, he turned down all work. “When our baby is born in March,” he said, “I don’t think I’ll be wanting to work until September, 1961.” Leave a Reply


Which famous American jazz singer was born Eleanora Fagan in Baltimore in 1915?

Billie Holiday Is Born | World History Project Billie Holiday Is Born Jazz singer Billie Holiday was born on April 7, 1915, in Baltimore, Maryland. She made her professional singing debut in Harlem nightclubs in 1931, and her first recordings in 1933. Although she had no formal musical training, she became one of the greatest jazz singers of all time; her recordings are now regarded as masterpieces. Holiday's autobiography, Lady Sings the Blues,1 opens with the line: "Mom and Pop were just a couple of kids when they got married; he was 18, she was 16 and I was three." Holiday's given name was Eleanora Fagan, but when she started to perform she chose the stage name Billie after Billie Dove, a star in silent, and later sound, movies. Source: Library of Congress Added by: Aimee Lucido Billie Holiday (born Eleanora Fagan; April 7, 1915 – July 17, 1959) was an American jazz singer and songwriter. Nicknamed Lady Day by her loyal friend and musical partner Lester Young, Holiday was a seminal influence on jazz and pop singing. Her vocal style, strongly inspired by jazz instrumentalists, pioneered a new way of manipulating phrasing and tempo. Above all, she was admired for her deeply personal and intimate approach to singing. Critic John Bush wrote that she "changed the art of American pop vocals forever." She co-wrote only a few songs, but several of them have become jazz standards, notably "God Bless the Child", "Don't Explain", and "Lady Sings the Blues". She also became famous for singing jazz standards written by others, including "Easy Living" and "Strange Fruit." Source: Wikipedia Added by: Aimee Lucido “


Where are Trinity, Michaelmas and Hilary used as divisions of time?

Dates, Credits and Arrival | The Oxford Programme for Undergraduate Studies (OPUS) The Oxford Programme for Undergraduate Studies (OPUS) THE ACADEMIC year at the University of Oxford is made up of three terms: Michaelmas (Oct – Dec) Hilary (Jan – Mar) Trinity (Apr- Jun) The core of teaching in Oxford takes place during these terms. For the Michaelmas and Hilary Terms some students are required to complete additional academic work by their home university. These students will complete additional introductory group tutorials, selected from C S Lewis, Shakespeare, or British Politics. The dates of participation for the current academic year 2016/17 are:   21 Jun 2017   Arrival Day.  Students may arrive at any time between 0900 and 1500 on the arrival date indicated. It is advisable to arrive by 1200 if possible.  If there is any risk of arriving after 1500, or if you are delayed on the day, please email or phone the office for advice.  There is free wi-fi on the bus from the airport. The dates of participation for the next academic year 2017/18 are:   21 Jun 2018   Students may participate for the extended Michaelmas Term, or the extended Hilary Term, or alternatively for the combined Hilary and Trinity Terms. It is not possible at present to apply for the full academic year (all three terms) which would require Tier 4 licencing. OPUS is not Tier 4 listed. It is possible for students to extend their participation for one OR two additional terms subject to satisfactory performance in their tutorials. Students are required to prepare 12 essays every term each earning one US semester credit. For the extended Michaelmas and extended Hilary Terms there is a further requirement to complete a seminar course (group tutorials) worth three US semester credits, for a total of 15 credits each term. * Students continuing from the previous term are required to be in residence in Oxford FOUR days following these dates for Hilary Term and for Trinity Term respectively. + Students participating for the combined Hilary and Trinity Terms are exempt from group tutorials and may begin their travel break one week earlier. This is only applicable to two term students. The final departure date refers to ONE term students, two term students will depart in June. ALL students attending for two consecutive terms are entitled to housing during the travel break.  Housing assignments may change for subsequent terms, however housing will always be provided.  There is no requirement for students to store their luggage or carry it while traveling!   The Late Trinity (Summer) Term It is possible to attend the six week Late Trinity Term from May to June and earn six credits in one subject. This is the period when the spring semester at many US universities is just finishing but the academic year at Oxford University still has a few weeks further to run. The relevant dates are: Late Trinity 2017:  Arrival 11 May, Departure 21 June. Late Trinity 2018:  Arrival 11 May, Departure 21 June.     Increasingly popular in recent years as the most affordable option, this provides the shortest experience of the tutorial method: not always ideal, but sometimes the only feasible option for some students, and frequently used by students submitting an Honours thesis.


HYPNOS - Greek God of Sleep (Roman Somnus) Hypnos Hypnos god of sleep, Apulian red-figure vase C4th B.C., The J. Paul Getty Museum HYPNOS was the god or personified spirit (daimon) of sleep. He dwelt in Erebos, the land of eternal darkness beyond the gates of the rising sun, and rose into the sky each night in the train of his mother Nyx (Night). Hypnos was often paired with his twin brother Thanatos (Peaceful Death), and the Oneiroi (Dreams) were his brothers or sons. Hypnos was depicted as a young man with wings on his shoulders or brow. His attributes included either a horn of sleep-inducing opium, a poppy-stem, a branch dripping water from the river Lethe (Forgetfulness), or an inverted torch. His Roman equivalent was Somnus or Sopor. FAMILY OF HYPNOS PARENTS [1.1] NYX (no father) (Hesiod Theogony 212, Homer Iliad 14.250, Aeschylus Frag 250, Seneca Hercules Furens1068, Nonnus Dionysiaca 31.103) [1.2] EREBOS & NYX (Hyginus Preface, Cicero De Natura Deorum. 3.17) OFFSPRING [1.1] THE ONEIROI x 1000 , MORPHEUS , IKELOS , PHANTASOS (Ovid Metamorphoses 11.630) ENCYCLOPEDIA HYPNUS,   the personification and god of sleep, the Latin Somnus, is described by the ancients as a brother of Death (thanatos), and as a son of Night (Hes. Theog. 211, &c.; Virg. Aen. vi. 277). At Sicyon there was a statue of Sleep surnamed epidôtês, the giver (Paus. ii. 10. § 2). In works of art Sleep and Death are represented alike as two youths sleeping or holding inverted torches in their hands. Source: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. CLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES PARENTAGE OF HYPNOS Hesiod, Theogony 21 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) : "And Nyx (Night) bare hateful Moros (Doom) and black Ker (Violent Death) and Thanatos (Death), and she bare Hypnos (Sleep) and the tribe of Oneiroi (Dreams). And again the goddess murky Nyx, though she lay with none, bare Momos (Blame) and painful Oizys (Misery), and the Hesperides . . . Also she bare the Moirai (Moirae, Fates) and the ruthless avenging Keres (Death-Fates) . . . Also deadly Nyx bare Nemesis (Envy) to afflict mortal men, and after her, Apate (Deceit) and Philotes (Friendship) and hateful Geras (Old Age) and hard-hearted Eris (Strife)." Pseudo-Hyginus, Preface (trans. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) : "From Nox (Night) and Erebus [were born]: Fatum (Fate), Senectus (Old Age), Mors (Death), Letum (Dissolution), Continentia (Moderation), Somnus (Sleep) [i.e. Hypnos], Somnia (Dreams) [i.e. the Oneiroi], Amor (Love)--that is Lysimeles, Epiphron (Prudence), Porphyrion, Epaphus, Discordia (Discord), Miseria (Misery), Petulantia (Wantonness), Nemesis (Envy), Euphrosyne (Good Cheer), Amicitia (Friendship), Misericordia (Compassion), Styx (Hatred); the three Parcae (Fates), namely Clotho, Lachesis and Atropos; the Hesperides." [N.B. Hypnos (Sleep) is translated as Somnus in this Latin text, and Oneiroi (Dreams) as Somnia.] Cicero, De Natura Deorum 3. 17 (trans. Rackham) (Roman rhetorician C1st B.C.) : "Their [Aether and Hemera's] brothers and sisters, whom the ancient genealogists name Amor (Love), Dolus (Guile), Metus (Fear), Labor (Toil), Invidentia (Envy), Fatum (Fate), Senectus (Old Age), Mors (Death), Tenebrae (Darkness), Miseria (Misery), Querella (Complaint), Gratia (Favour), Fraus (Fraud), Pertinacia (Obstinacy), the Parcae (Fates), the Hesperides, the Somnia (Sleep, Dreams) [i.e. Hypnos and the Oneiroi]: all of these are fabled to be the children of Erebus (Darkness) and Nox (Night)." HYPNOS GOD OF SLEEP Hypnos and the body of Sarpedon, Athenian red-figure lekythos C5th B.C., British Museum Homer, Iliad 14. 231 ff (trans. Lattimore) (Greek epic C8th B.C.) : "There [in Lemnos] she [Hera] encountered Hypnos (Sleep), the brother of Thanatos (Death). She clung fast to his hand and spoke a word and called him by name : ‘Hypnos, lord over all mortal men and all gods, if ever before now you listened to word of mine, so now also do as I ask; and all my days I shall know gratitude. Put to sleep the shining eyes of Zeus under his brows as soon as I have lain


The star Regulus is in which constellation?

Regulus: Heart of the Lion | Brightest Stars | EarthSky History and mythology of Regulus. This chart is set for March 17, 2016. If you look on the nights after that, you’ll see the waxing moon moving closer to Regulus … and very bright Jupiter! How to see the star Regulus Regulus is the brightest star in the constellation Leo the Lion . It is a bluish star, well placed in the evening sky from about January to June. Regulus can be found marking the bottom of a large backwards question mark star pattern within Leo, known as The Sickle.  The Sickle – with Regulus at its heart – outlines the constellation Leo the Lion’s head and forequarters. In our western skylore, Regulus is said to be the Lion’s Heart. Located along the ecliptic – or pathway of the sun, moon and planets – Regulus can be seen from around the globe. Bright planets sometimes pass near it, and every month the moon passes no more than about 5o away. Sometimes the moon occults (passes in front of) this star as seen from our earthly vantage point. Of all stars visible from Earth, Regulus is either the 21st or 22nd brightest, depending on how you want to consider it. Strictly speaking, there are 21 stars brighter than Regulus, making it the 22nd brightest. However, the 21st brightest star, Alpha Centauri B, is just barely brighter than Regulus and appears so close to Alpha Centauri A ( Rigel Kentaurus ) that it cannot be distinguished separately. Since the human eye cannot actually see Alpha Centauri B as a separate star, perhaps the title of 21st brightest really does belong to Regulus. Regulus throughout the year. Regulus rises about an hour after sunset in early February. It is opposite the sun on or near February 18, and Regulus rises on that date at about sunset and is up all night long, reaching its highest point due south at local midnight. By early April, Regulus is well up in the southeast an hour after sunset. By early June, it’s high in the southwest an hour after sunset. And by early July, Regulus is low to the west an hour after sunset. Although best seen in the evening in northern hemisphere in late winter and into summer, Regulus can be found at some time of night throughout the year except for about a month on either side of August 22, when the sun is located in Regulus’ direction in space. Regulus is a much larger star than our sun. Image via the Night Sky Guy . Regulus science. Regulus is about 77 light-years away. If – by some impossible magic – Regulus were to replace our sun, Earth would be doomed. First, Earth’s atmosphere would be stripped away, and shortly thereafter the oceans would begin to boil. With our protective natural shields gone, the surface of the Earth would bake under a star four times as wide and 140 times as bright as our world is accustomed to, not to mention the vastly increased bombardment of ultraviolet rays, X-rays and gamma rays. Taking all of the star’s radiation into account, Regulus pumps out nearly 350 times as much energy as our sun. Regulus rotates, or spins, rapidly. Our sun takes about a month to spin around once on its axis, but Regulus completes a single rotation in only 15.9 hours. This rapid rotation rate causes Regulus’s equatorial regions to bulge, making the star not round like our sun but oblate, like a squashed orange. As a result, the north and south poles of Regulus have a higher surface gravity, and thus higher temperature and brightness, than the equatorial regions of Regulus. The polar regions of Regulus are several thousand degrees hotter than this star’s equator, and the poles of this star shine more brightly than the equator. If Regulus rotated slightly more rapidly (16% faster), the star would fly apart. Regulus is not the only star known to spin so fast that it has an oblate shape. The stars Altair and Achernar are also fast spinners with flattened shapes. What’s more, Regulus is a double star with a telescopically visible companion orbiting at about 100 times as far from Regulus as Pluto is from the sun. In fact, the companion itself is double, each component slightly smalle


The Pleiades are in which constellation?

Pleiades star cluster, aka Seven Sisters | Clusters Nebulae Galaxies | EarthSky Clusters Nebulae Galaxies Fill out my Wufoo form! 238,324 subscribers and counting ... Pleiades star cluster, aka Seven Sisters By Bruce McClure in Clusters Nebulae Galaxies | Favorite Star Patterns | November 7, 2016 November is often called the month of the Pleiades, because it’s when this star cluster – sometimes called the Seven Sisters – shines from dusk until dawn. The Pleiades – aka the Seven Sisters – captured by Greg Hogan in Kathleen, Georgia on October 31, 2016. The Pleiades star cluster – also known as the Seven Sisters or M45 – is visible from virtually every place that humanity inhabits Earth’s globe. It can be seen from as far north as the north pole, and farther south than the southernmost tip of South America. It looks like a tiny misty dipper of stars. Follow the links below to learn more about the Pleiades. Pleiades as calendar, in history and in modern science. Tom Wildoner in Weatherly, Pennsylvania captured this image on October 31, 2016. He wrote: “It shows the Seven Sisters, Pleiades star cluster rising in the east behind some maple trees still sporting some late leaves.” How to see the Pleiades. If you’re familiar with the famous constellation Orion, it can help you be sure you’ve found the Pleiades. The image at right shows Orion at the bottom left. See the three stars in a row? That’s Orion’s Belt. Draw a line through the three stars of Orion’s Belt to the right – and you come to a V-shaped pattern of stars with a bright star in its midst. The V-shaped pattern is the Face of Taurus the Bull . The bright star in the V – called Aldebaran – depicts the Bull’s Eye. A bit past Aldebaran, you’ll see the Pleiades cluster, which marks the Bull’s Shoulder. In our image, the Pleiades cluster is at the top right. The Pleiades, Hyades and Orion. Aldebaran, Arabic for follower, is thought to be in reference to this star forever chasing the Pleiades across the heavens. As a general rule, the Pleiades cluster rises into the eastern sky before Aldebaran rises, and sets in the west before Aldebaran sets. The only exception to this rule happens at far southern latitudes – like at South America’s Tierra del Fuego – where the Pleiades rise a short while after Aldebaran rises. In our Northern Hemispheres skies, the Pleiades cluster is associated with the winter season. It’s easy to imagine this misty patch of icy-blue suns as hoarfrost clinging to the dome of night. Frosty November is often called the month of the Pleiades, because it’s at this time that the Pleiades shine from dusk until dawn. But you can see the Pleiades cluster in the evening sky well into April. The Lost Pleiad, a painting by French artist William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905). Image via Wikimedia Commons. Legend of the Lost Pleiad. Most people see 6, not 7, Pleiades stars in a dark country sky. However, the story about the lost 7th Pleiad harbors a universal theme. The astronomer Robert Burnham Jr. finds the lost Pleaid myth prevalent in the star lore of European, African, Asian, Indonesian, Native American and Aboriginal Australian populations. Moreover, Burnham suggests the “lost Pleiad” may have basis in fact. After all, modern astronomy has found that the 7th brightest Pleiades star – Pleione – is a complicated and hard-to-understand “shell star” that goes through numerous permutations. These changes cause this star to vary in brightness. Plus people with exceptional eyesight have been known to see many more stars in the Pleiades cluster. Claims go up as high as 20 stars. Miss Agnes Clerke reports that Maestlin, the tutor of Kepler, mapped out 11 Pleiades stars before the invention of the telescope. However, you must be willing to spend time under a dark, moonless sky to see more than 6 or 7 Pleaides stars. Stephen O’Meara, a dark-sky connoisseur, claims that eyes dark-adapted for 30 minutes are 6 times more sensitive to light than eyes dark-adapted for 15 minutes. The surest way to see additi


Who wrote the play 'The Cherry Orchard'?

SparkNotes: The Cherry Orchard: Context The Cherry Orchard Table of Contents Plot Overview Anton Pavlevich Chekhov was born on January 17th, 1860, in Taganrog, Russia. His father Pavel was a shopkeeper the town, which was small, provincial, and on the Sea of Azov in the south of Russia, and his grandfather was Egor Chekhov, a serf. Serfs were the legal property of the landowners who owned the property on which they resided; it was thus a form of slavery. In 1841, Egor bought freedom for himself and his family at the price of 875 rubles. Russia had been changing ever since the early 18th century, when Tsar Peter the Great carried out a series of reforms with the intent of modernizing Russia in Western Europe's image. European styles in fashion and art were imported, the Western canon was widely read among the nobility, and French was adopted as the language of cultured discourse. A large government bureaucracy was created; the achievement of rank became an obsession of Russian life. During Chekhov's childhood, in the time of Tsar Alexander II, a second wave of reforms was underway, reforms that further liberalized the country and its economy. The most important of these was the Emancipation Declaration of 1861, which freed the serfs from bondage. These reforms caused great controversy, as they introduced what was, in effect, the beginning of a free-market economy, undermining the power of the nobility, and sometimes even impoverishing them. The situation displayed in The Cherry Orchard, of a wealthy landowning family forced to sell their estate in order to pay their debts, was thus a familiar one in the Russian society of Chekhov's day. Chekhov himself had a relatively quiet childhood. He attended the local Russian grammar school, worked in his father's store and occasionally wrote small pieces for the amusement of his family. Taganrog was not a typical provincial town; it was a multicultural port, with Italians, Greeks, and Turks residing in the wealthier sections of town and Russians such as the Chekhovs living in comparatively poor suburbs. It had a theater, which the young Chekhov would often visit. When Chekhov was sixteen, Pavel's store failed, and the entire family had to move to Moscow—the entire family, that is, except for Anton. A merchant (and friend of the family) had helped the Chekhovs with a loan, but insisted on keeping Anton with him in the house as a kind of collateral. As soon as he could, he left Taganrog in order to pursue medical studies in Moscow in 1879 at the age of 19. That year, Chekhov began to write comic stories in order to pay his medical school tuition. By the time he was twenty, he was employed by The Spectator magazine as their regular humorist. Over ninety percent of Chekhov's published work appeared in magazines before he was twenty-eight, and, by this age, he had already established himself as a premier writer of short stories. As he developed as a writer, his stories began to take on deeper and more profound themes, as he moved away from his comic roots. To this day, Chekhov's literary reputation primarily rests with his short stories, and Chekhov's early plays, written primarily in his early 20s, are not well-remembered. It was only in 1896 that he began to turn his attention back to drama; in the eight remaining years before his death, he managed to complete four plays: The Seagull, Uncle Vanya, The Three Sisters, and The Cherry Orchard. The first performance of The Seagull was nearly laughed off the stage; it was criticized as dull, unimaginative, and lacking any sort of dramatic tension (a critical undercurrent that has survived in Russia to this day). Only gradually did Chekhov's new form of drama, emphasizing characterization, detail and symbolism instead of plot development and incident, gain acceptance. Chekhov was the in-house playwright for the Moscow Arts Theatre, which had been founded by his friend Vladimir Nemirovich-Davchenko. During this time, he fell in love with one of the Theatre's leading actresses, Olga Knipper, and would marry her in 1901. Chekhov wrote his last


BBC - History -   British History in depth: The Character and Legacy of Henry II The Character and Legacy of Henry II By Dr Mike Ibeji Last updated 2011-06-20 Henry II may be best known as the murderer of Thomas Becket, but he was also a complex man at war with his own family. What forces were at play in Henry's relationship with his wife and sons, and what kind of impact did this have on the monarchy? On this page Print this page Early influences Look for the key to Henry's character and look no further than his childhood. The son of Geoffrey of Anjou and Matilda (daughter of Henry I) against whom the barons of England and Normandy rebelled in favour of the usurper Stephen, his childhood was dominated by war and intrigue as his mother and father strove to regain their inheritance. From the age of 9 it was the young Henry to whom that inheritance would fall, and on whom the responsibility of holding it together lay. Consequently, Henry II, king at the age of 22, was mature beyond his years and obsessed with the restoration of his ancestral rights. Though not handsome, Henry was larger than most men, stocky and quite powerful: a power which came across in his personality. His energy was overwhelming, and his anger legendary, as was his love of hunting. He dressed simply in hunting clothes and was rarely seen either out of the saddle or without a hawk on his arm. Yet paradoxically, this archetypal man of action was an intensely private intellectual. Multi-lingual, he liked to retire with a book, was well-polished in letters and enjoyed scholarly debate. He was also very approachable and never forgot a face. He shunned regular hours and his propensity to change his schedule at short notice was infamous. This often translated into an ability to react to unforeseen circumstances with astonishing rapidity and decisiveness. ...he understood honest opposition and could deal with it equably. What he could not abide was betrayal. He vaunted loyalty above all else, and his fits of rage against those he deemed as traitors are so melodramatic as to be unbelievable. On more than one occasion, he is said to have frothed at the mouth in a screaming rage, and is even known to have chewed the straw on the floor in apoplexy. This Henry was frightening, and could reduce international magnates to quivering wrecks. Yet he understood honest opposition and could deal with it equably. What he could not abide was betrayal. Top Personal characteristics Dover Castle, with Henry II's keep   © Above all, he was ruthless in pursuit of his rights. He would manipulate the courts, exploit any loophole and even break his word to recover and defend his ancient rights as he saw them. His fundamental policy was to re-establish 'all the rightful customs which were had in the time of King Henry my grandfather, revoking all evil customs which have arisen there since this day.' For Henry, all else came second to this, and his interpretation of these customs was often more rigorous than they actually had been in Henry I's day. This governed all his actions: his foreign policy, his religious policy, his economic and legal policy and even his personal life; at times with disastrous consequences. In his personal life, his intense privacy seems to have alienated those who were closest to him. In his personal life, his intense privacy seems to have alienated those who were closest to him. The perceived betrayals of first Becket and then Eleanor (both of whom were only acting in the interests of their own personal offices) seem to have hurt him sorely; but the most wounding betrayals were those of his sons. Yet these very betrayals were a natural consequence of his obsession with his rights: he failed to make his sons trust him because he never included them fully. Passionate, grasping, authoritative, Henry started his reign with a youth's determined arrogance, and ended with a wily old miser's cynicism. He held his kingdom together by force of his personality, but that was his greatest weakness as well as his greatest strength. Top Family background If people know


Where in the UK are the towns of Sandown and Shanklin?

Sandown Town - VisitIsleOfWight.co.uk You are here > Explore > Towns > Sandown Sandown Pier Sandown Town Sandown sits on the Southern coast of the Isle of Wight, sheltered in a beautiful bay, and is famed for its long stretches of golden sandy beach and the traditional British seafront and pier. Sandown also has a great selection of attractions, including a Zoo housed in an old fort and a purpose built interactive Dinosaur Museum. Things To Do in Sandown Sandown has lots of things to do for people of all ages and interests. You can relax and spend quality time strolling along Sandown Beach followed by an ice cream or refreshments at one of the licensed beach cafés. The main town beach stretches all the way along the Esplanade where it meets with Yaverland Beach, which is regarded as one of the Isle of Wight’s best beaches. Yaverland is very popular for watersports, and there are a number of local water sports centres from which you can test your skills at windsurfing, kayaking or many other activities. With one of the highest concentrations of dinosaur fossils anywhere in the world, the Isle of Wight has been dubbed " Dinosaur Island ". The area around Sandown Bay is a fun place for fossil hunting, so with a keen eye you could be leaving with a very special, very old souvenir. You can also visit the Dinosaur museum to explore more of the Isle of Wight’s dinosaur history. One of the town’s most well-known features is the traditional Sandown Pier. There is a range of traditional amusements and arcade games, with bowling, crazy golf and cafes to keep adults and children entertained for hours. Further along the seafront the Isle of Wight Zoo is one of the Island’s leading animal attractions, with everything from Lions and Tigers to Meer Kats and Monkeys, and a short distance outside of Sandown town is Amazon World which also has a huge range of animals. Places To Eat in Sandown Being a traditional British seaside destination there is no shortage of places to grab an ice cream and snacks along the seafront in Sandown, but there is also plenty of choice for places to eat elsewhere in the town. There are some good pubs and restaurants selling a range of different cuisines, and if you travel just outside of the town there are also a number of highly respected eateries, such as the Garlic Farm Café at Newchurch Events in Sandown Sandown hosts one of the oldest carnivals which dates back to 1889, and it is also one of the most well-known on the Isle of Wight. With day processions and an illuminated evening event the Sandown carnival usually takes place during the months of July and August. With its rich dinosaur and fossil hunting territories there are also a number of Fossil Hunts taking place regularly at Sandown. Places To Stay in Sandown Sandown’s seafront is lined with a variety of hotels offering panoramic seaviews across the bay. Elsewhere in the town there are lots of choices of other types of accommodation . If you are looking to come camping on the Isle of Wight there are sites a short distance from the town which offer both tent and caravan pitches. Getting Around Sandown Sandown has excellent bus and train services and makes an excellent base for a visit to the Isle of Wight. Bus services can take you either northwards to Brading and Ryde , south to Shanklin and Ventnor , or across the Island to Godshill, Newport and Cowes, whilst the Island Line train services run to the neighbouring town of Shanklin or North to Ryde where they connect with passenger ferry services to Portsmouth. Hop on board the all new "Sandhopper" bus service which will be operating from April to October linking passengers from Sandown train stration through to the town, the beach and all the attractions.


In which city is the Ferens Art Gallery?

Hull City Council : Ferens Art Gallery Learn about Children’s Gallery for 0 to five year olds   Ferens Art Gallery Admission to the Ferens Art Gallery is free. Ferens has a magnificent collection of paintings and sculptures, including works by European Old Masters, portraiture, marine painting, and modern and contemporary British art. Highlights include masterpieces by Lorenzetti, Frans Hals, Antonio Canaletto, Frederick Leighton, Stanley Spencer, David Hockney, Helen Chadwick and Gillian Wearing. With a regular programme of events, guided tours and changing exhibitions, there’s always something new to explore. You can also enjoy refreshments in our popular cafe, Venue Hull.


In which city is the Mappin Art Gallery?

Millennium Gallery, Weston Park, Graves Gallery & Bishops' House : Museums Sheffield Museums Sheffield Trying something new can be a little bit scary, but what a great feeling when you make the connection. We’re trying new things all the time and we want you to try them too, so come with us and we’ll help connect you with art, nature, history, ideas - and each other. Jump in. Discover something new.


Which football team is nicknamed the Seagulls?

English Football Team Nicknames - Silkysteps early years forum - planning ideas for play English Football Team Nicknames Here they all are again with their nicknames..... Accrington Stanley - Stanley Birmingham City â Blues/ Brummagem Blackburn Rovers - Rovers Brighton and Hove Albion - Seagulls Bristol City - Robins Bristol Rovers â Rovers/ Gas (unofficial)/ Pirates Burnley - Clarets Cambridge United â Uâs/ Yellows (unofficial) Cardiff City - Bluebirds Carlisle United â The Cumbrians/ Blue Army/ The Blues Charlton Athletic - Addicks Chelsea â The Blues/ Pensioners Cheltenham Town - Robins


Which sport is played for the Corbillon Cup?

Corbillon cup | Article about Corbillon cup by The Free Dictionary Corbillon cup | Article about Corbillon cup by The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Corbillon+cup Also found in: Dictionary , Thesaurus , Wikipedia . table tennis, game played, usually indoors, by two or four players; it is more or less a miniature form of lawn tennis tennis, game played indoors or outdoors by two players (singles) or four players (doubles) on a level court. Rules and Equipment Lawn tennis was originally played on grass courts, but most major events are now played on courts of hard, composite materials; ..... Click the link for more information. . It is also called Ping-Pong, after the trade name that a manufacturer adopted (c.1900) for the equipment. The regulation game is played on a table that measures 9 ft by 5 ft (2.74 m by 1.52 m) and stands 2.5 ft (76 cm) from the floor. A transverse net 6 in. (15.25 cm) high divides the surface, which is generally dark in color, edged with white stripes, and halved longitudinally (for doubles play) by another white stripe. The celluloid ball is hollow, seamless, and about 1.5 in. (3.81 cm) in diameter, with a weight of .1 oz (2.8 grams); the racket, or bat, is a wooden paddle with a handle 3 in. (7.62 cm) long and a round blade about 6.5 in. (16.5 cm) long, covered with rubber. In the service (unlike tennis) the ball must bounce once before clearing the net and again bounce before being struck by the receiver. After the service (only one is allowed, not two as in tennis), the returns should go over the net without bouncing on the near surface. A point is scored when a service does not land properly in play or when a player fails to return the ball properly. Each player in turn serves consecutively five times until the winning score of 21 is reached. (If the score is tied at 20-all, play must continue until a 2-point margin is won.) In doubles matches partners rotate in units of five consecutive services, and the server must deliver the ball into the diagonally opposite box. Table tennis originated in the late 19th cent. with cork or rubber balls. First popular in England, it spread to several European countries and to the United States in the early 20th cent. The International Table Tennis Federation was founded (1926) to standardize the rules and equipment. The U.S. Table Tennis Association was founded in 1933. Primarily a recreational sport in the United States, table tennis is a major competitive sport in Asia and parts of Europe. In 1971 the sport achieved a great measure of publicity when, while touring Japan, a U.S. table tennis team was invited to play in China, thereby initiating the first officially sanctioned Sino-American cultural exchange in almost twenty years. Table tennis took its place on the Olympic program in 1988. Bibliography See D. Parker and D. Hewitt, Table Tennis (1989). Table Tennis   a game played with a ball on a table. It is generally accepted that table tennis originated in Great Britain in the late 19th century. In the 1920’s the game gained wide popularity in many countries, first as an amusement and later as a sport. It did not have a universally accepted name in its early years; in the beginning of the 1920’s, the name Ping-Pong was widely used, probably because of the characteristic sound the ball makes when it strikes the wooden table. The game acquired its present name in 1926, when the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) was established. Required equipment for table tennis includes a table, usually dark green (274 × 152.5 cm and 76 cm high); a net (183 × 15.25 cm); rackets (paddles) of any shape, usually faced with special dark-colored rubber; and a ball made of white celluloid or plastic (37.2–38.2 mm in diameter and weighing 2.4—2.53 g). In official competition, the playing area measures 6–7 m by 12–14 m. Men’s and women’s singles matches and men’s, women’s, and mixed doubles matches are held. In the team events, placings are determined according to the results of both singles and doubles matches. The ITTF was founded by the


Aida (Verdi) - Synopsis Synopsis An Opera by Giuseppe Verdi Grand opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi. Plot by Mariette Bey. Written in French prose by Camille du Locle. Translated into Italian verse by Antonio Ghislanzoni. Produced in Cairo, Egypt, December 24, 1871; La Scala, Milan under the composers direction, February 8, 1872; Théâtre Italien, Paris, April 22, 1876; Covent Garden, London, June 22, 1876, Academy of Music, New York, November 26, 1873; Grand Opera, Paris, March 22, 1880, Metropolitan Opéra House, with Caruso, 1904. CHARACTERS AIDA, an Ethiopian slave Soprano AMNERIS, daughter of the King of Egypt. Contralto AMONASRO, King of Ethiopia, father of Aida. Baritone RHADAMES, captain of the Guard. Tenor RAMPHIS, High Priest. Bass Priest, soldiers, Ethiopian slaves, prisoners, Egyptians, etc. Time: Epoch of the Pharoahs. Place: Memphis and Thebes, Ancient Egypt. "Aida" was commissioned by Ismail Pacha, Khedive of Egypt, for the Italian Theatre in Cairo, which opened in November, 1869. The opera was produced there December 24, 1871; not at the opening of the house, as sometimes is erroneously stated. Its success was sensational. Equally enthusiastic was its reception when brought out at La Scala, Milan, February 7, 1872, under the direction of Verdi himself, who was recalled thirty-two times and presented with an ivory baton and diamond star with the name of Aida in rubies and his own in other precious stones. Teresa Stolz (soprano) as the title role of Aida, Parma, 1872 It is an interesting fact that "Aida" reached New York before it did any of the great European opera houses save La Scala. It was produced at the Academy of Music under the direction of Max Strakosch, November 26, 1873. I am glad to have heard that performance and several other performances of it that season. For the artists who appeared in it gave a representation that for brilliancy has not been surpassed if, indeed, it has been equalled. In support of this statement it is only necessary to say that Italo Campanini was Rhadames, Victor Maurel Amonasro, and Annie Louise Cary Amneris. No greater artists have appeared in these roles in this country. Mlle. Torriani, the Aida, while not so disntiguished, was entirely adequate. Nanneti as Ramphis, the high priest, Scolara as the King, and Boy as the Messenger, completed the cast. I recall some of he early comment on the opera. It was said to be Wagnerian. In point of fact "Aida" is Wagnerian only as compared with Verdis earlier operas. Compared with Wagner himself, it is Verdian -- purely Italian. It was said that the fine melody for the trumpets on the stage in the pageant scene was plagiarized from a theme in the Coronation March of Meyerbeers "Prophète." Slightly reminiscent the passage is, and, of course, stylistically the entire scene is on Meyerbeerian lines; but these resemblances no longer are of importance. Paris failed to hear "Aida" until April, 1876, and then at the Théâtre Italien, instead of at the Grand Opéra, where it was not heard until March, 1880, when Maurel was the Amonasro and Edouard de Reszke, later a favourite basso at the Metropolitan Opera House, the King. In 1855 Verdis opera, "Les Vêpres Siciliennes" (The Sicilian Vespers) had been produced at the Grand Opéra and occurrences at the rehearsals had greatly angered the composer. The orchestra clearly showed a disinclination to follow the composers minute directions regarding the manner in which he wished his work interpreted. When, after a conversation with the chef dorchestre, the only result was plainly an attempt to annoy him, he put on his hat, left the theatre, and did not return. In 1867 his "Don Carlos" met only with a succès destime at the Opéra. He had not forgotten these circumstances, when the Opéra wanted to give "Aida." He withheld permission until 1880. But when at last this was given, he assisted at the production, and the public authorities vied in atoning for the slights put upon him so many years before. The President of France gave a banquet in h


Malcolm X - Biography - IMDb Malcolm X Biography Showing all 28 items Jump to: Overview  (5) | Mini Bio  (1) | Spouse  (1) | Trade Mark  (1) | Trivia  (11) | Personal Quotes  (9) Overview (5) 6' 3" (1.91 m) Mini Bio (1) Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little on May 19, 1925, in Omaha, Nebraska, one of eight children. His father, Earl Little, was a Baptist preacher who supported Marcus Garvey 's Back to Africa movement. When Malcolm was four, the family moved to Lansing, Michigan, where Earl tried opening a store while continuing his preaching. But a group of white supremacists calling themselves the Black Legion (a sub-branch of the Ku Klux Klan) became irate to him. Two years later, Earl Little was found dead on the trolley tracks in town after a streetcar ran over him. Dispite the police report that Earl's death was an accident, Malcolm strongly believed that his father was killed by the Black Legion who placed his father's body on the tracks to make it look like an accident. Following Earl's death, Malcolm's mother, Louise Little, tried to support her eight children on her own. Malcolm started stealing food and candy from neighborhood stores to support his brothers and sisters. After being caught a few too many times, a local court ruled that Louise was unable to control Malcolm and had him removed from her care and placed in a friendly white couple's home who knew Louise. Two years later, Louise, due to severe stress in raising her children, suffered a nervous breakdown and was committed to the state mental hospital where she remained for the remaining 26 years of her life. After finishing 8th grade, Malcolm dropped out of school and traveled to Boston where his older sister, Ella, lived. After a few years, Malcolm moved to New York City where, to support himself, he became a numbers runner, a drug dealer, even a pimp. He wore zoot suits and dyed his hair red, which earned him the nickname 'Detroit Red.' He relocated to Boston again where he organized a robbery ring that was uncovered by the police in 1946, and he was sentenced to eight to 10 years in prison. Malcolm used the time behind bars to educate himself in the prison library where he learned the fundamentals of grammar and increased his vocabulary. It was here that a few inmates introduced Malcolm to a new religion and movement, The Nation of Islam. Malcolm's younger brother, Reginald, already a member, visited him and told him about Islam and about Allah. Much of what Reginald said confused Malcolm, but two phrase took root in his head, "The white man is the devil" and "The black man is the brainwashed." Malcolm learned that if he wanted to join, he would have to accept its theology and submit completely to its founder and leader, Elijah Muhammad . Inspired by the new direction his life was taking, Malcolm wrote Elijah Muhammad a heartfelt letter about himself and why he wanted to join. Elijah wrote back welcoming Malcolm to the faith. He instructed Malcolm to drop his last name, which his ancestors inherited from a slave owner and replace it with the letter X which symbolized that his true African name had been lost. In 1952, Malcolm was finally paroled from prison. Rather than returning to the life of crime, Malcolm committed himself to learning more about his new religion. In 1958, Malcolm married Betty Shabazz , a Muslim nurse and together they had four daughters (plus two more born after his death). Over the next several years, Malcolm became the spokesperson for the Nation of Islam and became one of its most powerful speakers attracting thousands of African-Americans into the fold with his charismatic speeches and rich and powerful words. Malcolm's charismatic personalty also attracted the attention of the white media. But unlike Dr. Martin Luther King , Jr. who believed in non-violent tactics to archive equal rights for blacks, Malcolm favored the use of arms and proposed a revolutionary program that would create a separate society for blacks in America. Malcolm's relationship with the media displeased Elijah Muhammad for he felt that the Nation of Islam's


What is the chemical symbol for arsenic?

Chemical Elements.com - Arsenic (As) Bentor, Yinon. Chemical Element.com - Arsenic. <http://www.chemicalelements.com/elements/as.html>. For more information about citing online sources, please visit the MLA's Website . This page was created by Yinon Bentor. Use of this web site is restricted by this site's license  agreement . Copyright © 1996-2012 Yinon Bentor. All Rights Reserved.


What was the name of the first space shuttle to travel in space?

NASA - The Space Shuttle Comments Since 1981, NASA space shuttles have been rocketing from the Florida coast into Earth orbit. The five orbiters — Columbia, Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis and Endeavour — have flown more than 130 times, carrying over 350 people into space and travelling more than half a billion miles, more than enough to reach Jupiter. Designed to return to Earth and land like a giant glider, the shuttle was the world's first reusable space vehicle. More than all of that, though, the shuttle program expanded the limits of human achievement and broadened our understanding of our world. It all started with STS-1, launched on April 12, 1981, just twenty years to the day after Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human in space. When astronauts John Young and Robert Crippen launched that morning in Columbia, it was the first time in history a new spacecraft was launched on its maiden voyage with a crew aboard. For an entire generation, the space shuttle was NASA. We've watched a parade of firsts -- Sally Ride, Guy Bluford, Kathy Sullivan, John Glenn and others. We've seen astronauts float free, and launch and repair spacecraft like Hubble which have fundamentally changed our understanding of the universe. In this feature, we look back at the Shuttle's historic missions, the people it flew into space, and its achievements. Interactive Mission Timeline of the Space Transportation System Key The colors of the links correspond to a different orbiter. COLUMBIA


What is henry (H)? - Definition from WhatIs.com unit testing The henry (symbolized H) is the Standard International ( SI ) unit of inductance . Reduced to base SI units, one henry is the equivalent of one kilogram meter squared per second squared per ampere squared (kg  m 2  s -2  A -2 ). In a circuit where the current is changing at a constant rate of one ampere per second (A/s), an inductance of 1 H results in the generation of one volt (1 V) of potential difference across an inductor. More rapid current changes produce much greater surges of electromotive force. This is the principle by which a spark coil generates a high and dangerous voltage. The henry is a large unit of inductance. In audio-frequency ( AF ) and radio-frequency ( RF ) applications, units of millihenrys (mH), where 1 mH = 10 -3 H, and microhenrys (µH), where 1 µH = 10 -6 H, are common. Occasionally, the filter choke in a power supply, or a field coil designed to produce a large voltage upon release of its stored magnetic energy, will be found whose value can be expressed in henrys. In very-high-frequency ( VHF ), ultra-high-frequency ( UHF ), and microwave devices and systems, units of nanohenrys (nH), where 1 nH = 10 -9 H, and picohenrys (pH), where 1 pH = 10 -12 H, are used. This was last updated in March 2011 Related Terms


Who formulated the laws of electromagnetism?

Laws of electromagnetism | Article about Laws of electromagnetism by The Free Dictionary Laws of electromagnetism | Article about Laws of electromagnetism by The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Laws+of+electromagnetism Also found in: Dictionary , Thesaurus , Wikipedia . Maxwell's equations Four differential equations proposed by James Clerk Maxwell in 1864 as the basis of the theory of electromagnetic waves. They may be written, in vector notation, as Eqs. (1)–(4), where D is the electric (1)  (3)  (4)  displacement, B the magnetic flux density, E the electric field strength or intensity, H the magnetic field strength or intensity, ρ the charge density, and i the current density. The first equation states that electric flux lines, if they end at all, will do so on electric charges. The second states that magnetic flux lines never terminate. The third is a form of Faraday's law of induction, which states that the rate of change of the magnetic flux threading a circuit equals the electromotive force or line integral of E around the circuit. The fourth integral is based partially on A. M. Ampère's experiments on steady currents which show that the line integral of the magnetic intensity H (or B /μ, where μ is the permeability) around a closed curve equals the current encircled. See Displacement current Maxwell’s Equations   the fundamental equations of classical macroscopic electrodynamics that describe electromagnetic phenomena in any medium. The equations were formulated by J. C. Maxwell in the 1860’s on the basis of a generalization of the empirical laws of electric and magnetic phenomena. By using these laws as a basis and developing M. Faraday’s productive idea that the interactions between electrically charged bodies take place through an electromagnetic field, Maxwell created the theory of electromagnetic processes, which is expressed mathematically by Maxwell’s equations. The present form of the equations was given by the German physicist H. Hertz and the British physicist O. Heaviside. Maxwell’s equations relate the quantities that characterize an electromagnetic field to its sources, that is, to the spatial distribution of electric charges and currents. In a vacuum, the electromagnetic field is characterized by two vector quantities that are dependent on spatial coordinates and on time—the electric field intensity E and magnetic induction B. These quantities determine the forces that act because of the field on the charges and currents whose distribution in space is given by the charge density ρ (the charge per unit volume) and the current density j (the charge passing in unit time through unit area perpendicular to the direction of motion of the charges). In addition to the vectors E and B, auxiliary vector quantities that are dependent on the state and properties of the medium—the electric displacement D and the magnetic field intensity H—are introduced to describe electromagnetic processes in a material medium (matter). Maxwell’s equations make it possible to determine the fundamental characteristics of a field (E, B, D, and H) at each point in space at any moment if the field sources j and ρ are known as functions of the coordinates and of time. The equations can be written in integral or differential form [below they are given in the absolute (Gaussian) system of units]. Maxwell’s equations in integral form determine on the basis of given charges and currents not the field vectors E, B, D and H themselves at different points in space but certain integral quantities that depend on the distribution of these field characteristics: the line integral (circulation) of the vectors E and H around any closed curve and the surface integral (flux) of the vectors D and B through any closed surface. Maxwell’s first equation is a generalization for variable fields of the empirical law of Ampere which deals with the excitation of a magnetic field by an electric current. Maxwell advanced the hypothesis that magnetic fields are generated not only by currents flowing in conductors but also by varying


Which fictional character's first name was Endeavour?

Endeavour: Baby Name of the Day - Appellation Mountain Appellation Mountain Endeavour: Baby Name of the Day December 30, 2014 It’s the distinctive first name of a famous fictional detective and a famous ship, too. Thanks to Charlotte for suggesting Endeavour as our Baby Name of the Day. Endeavour: Inspector It’s nearly de rigeur for a famous fictional detective to have an off-beat name.  There’s Sherlock, of course.  But there’s also Hercule (Poirot), Kinsey (Milhone) and Auguste (Dupin). Inspector Morse, star of novels and television series, definitely fits this mold.  While the character’s name was initially uncertain – he sometimes joked that it was “Inspector” – a prequel series is now on ITV, simply titled Endeavour. Colin Dexter penned the series about the Oxford dropout turned sharp-witted police detective.  Thirteen novels, plus a short-story collection were originally written.  The Inspector Morse television series ran 33 episodes from 1987 through 2000, plus a spin-off series for Morse’s sidekick, Robbie Lewis, and the prequel series. There are two explanations for his unusual appellation: His mother – who died while Morse was still a boy – was a Quaker, and appreciated virtue names. Morse’s father was a fan of Captain James Cook, who sailed the HMS Endeavour to Australia and New Zealand in 1769. Endeavour: At Sea If you don’t think of the detective, the famous ship might be your first thought, too. Cook wasn’t the first European to visit Australia.  That distinction belongs to Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon, while Abel Tasman was the first to reach New Zealand.  But Cook was the one who was the first to land on the eastern coast and his recommended colonization of Botany Bay would eventually lead to the founding of Sydney. Cook’s three-year journey was quite historic, with many a near-miss between his departure and triumphant return in July of 1771. NASA used the name at least twice – for a space shuttle in the 1980s, as well as the control module of the 1970s’ Apollo 15. The original ship remained in service and eventually sank, but a replica was built and sailed in the 1990s – that’s the second Endeavour pictured above. Endeavour: A Virtue Ages before the ship or the spacecraft or the detective, this name was a word.  A virtuous word. It’s a noun and a verb, and there’s something slightly poetic – or maybe British – about saying, “I shall endeavour to …” Speaking of British, American English drops the u – endeavor. Either way, it comes from an Old French phrase: mettre en deveir.  Roughly translated, it means to prepare to take on, to proceed to.  Dever comes from the Latin debere – to owe, the root of the English word debt.  There’s a sense of duty and responsibility baked into the word. If you endeavor, you are making an effort. It’s an active virtue, and maybe a modern one, too.  Prudence and Temperance are about restriction.  Endeavour suggests striving to achieve – a bold name, more like Valor. Endeavour: Wearable Rarity? Neither spelling has ever registered as a given name in the US, though I found at least one person with the middle name Endeavour in Australia. You might find the name in an old phone book, but it almost certainly would’ve belonged to Christian Endeavor – an early youth ministry group found throughout the US. On balance, Endeavour makes for a fabulous middle if you’re after something meaningful and strong. It’s an awful lot to live up to as a given name.  Still, in our age of King and Messiah, that’s the direction some parents prefer.  And the sound: the potential for the nickname Dev, the ‘r’ ending – adds up to a rather appealing rarity.


Beethoven - Piano Concerto No. 5 in E flat ('Emperor') - Classic FM Beethoven - Piano Concerto No. 5 in E flat ('Emperor') Written between 1809 and 1811, Beethoven's 'Emperor' piano concerto was to be his last. Every portrait of Beethoven seems to drive home the impression that he was a composer whose music was tempestuous, brooding and muscular. And while that was certainly the case, the masterful Emperor Concerto is proof of the tenderness and beauty that runs like a thread through this great man’s music. At the time of writing this concerto, Beethoven was very much straddling the divide between the Classical and Romantic periods. The work itself seems to be breaking out of conventional boundaries – almost as if a new kind of music is being born. The sheer length of the opening movement belies convention; the serene second movement flows directly – and unusually – into the finale; and the overt romance of the music looks ahead to a musical period that was at that time still in its infancy.


Haydn - Symphony No. 101 (The Clock) - Classic FM Become a VIP Haydn - Symphony No. 101 (The Clock) Composed around 1793/4 especially for a trip to London, Joseph Haydn 's Symphony No. 101 has a reason for its quirky nickname… Listen to the bassoons and the strings in the second movement of Haydn 's Symphony No. 101, nicknamed 'The Clock', and you'll hear something quite striking. That incessant rhythmic pulse sounds so much like a timepiece going round and round it was given the perfect moniker. Aside from its rather fetching title, 'The Clock' is one of 12 symphonies written by Haydn that were inspired by his times in London. Every inch the anglophile, Haydn loved visiting the capital - perhaps unsurprisingly, Londoners loved his London symphonies too. Most of them were met with blanket praise, and 'The Clock' was no different. Even today it's one of the most performed of Haydn's symphonies in the modern concert hall. So, next time you're wandering past Big Ben, just think of those delicate little bassoon and string parts… you just might be able to get a feel for 'The Clock' as you walk through Haydn's London.


Which children's book was subtitled There and Back Again?

The Hobbit, or, There and Back Again The Hobbit, or, There and Back Again    The Hobbit, or, There and Back Again Introduction In a Nutshell The hero of The Hobbit, Bilbo Baggins, is not a young guy when he starts adventuring. In fact, adventure finds him when he is "about fifty years old or so [... and] he had in fact apparently settled down immovably" (1.5). And we can't help but notice a similar trajectory in the life of author J(ohn) R(onald) R(euel) Tolkien. J.R.R. Tolkien was a hugely respected scholar of early Germanic languages and medieval literature, first at Leeds University and then at Oxford, in England. He had published some important contributions to the study of Middle English literature, most notably an edition of the anonymous poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight in 1926. He was also married and had four children: John, Michael, Christopher, and Priscilla. So he was pretty well settled into an ordinary life by the time he completed The Hobbit for publication in 1937 and changed the world of fantasy forever. Of course, just because The Hobbit appeared in 1937 doesn't mean that Tolkien only started thinking about it the year he turned 45. Actually, Tolkien wrote his first contribution to Middle-earth – "The Voyage of Eärendel the Evening Star," based on "Crist," an Anglo-Saxon poem by Cynewulf – in September 1914, when he was just 22 (source: "Introduction," The Annotated Hobbit: Revised and Expanded Edition , pg. 4). He then went off to fight in the trenches of France in World War I , settled down to his various professorships, and continued his study of the languages of Old English, Old Norse, and Middle English. Through all this, though, Tolkien kept thinking over his hobbits, wizards, elves, and orcs. By the time it was published, The Hobbit was really a culmination of about twenty years of imagining. In fact, Tolkien should give hope to obsessive nerds everywhere: you can sit around reading Icelandic sagas and making up your own languages (as Tolkien did with Quenya, his invented language of the elves) and it can lead to worldwide fame and respect. But it took an enormous amount of time for all of that stuff Tolkien had imagined to develop into the coherent world of Middle-earth. The term "Middle-earth" doesn't even appear in The Hobbit, though the novel is clearly an essential part of Tolkien's larger mythology. By the time The Hobbit was published, Tolkien had only just begun to conceive of the scope of his creative project. In fact, The Hobbit began in a small way, as a means to amuse Tolkien's kids. As we mentioned earlier, he had four children, and he used to write down stories for his kids to enjoy; Tolkien then collected these tales into the novel we know and love today. Tolkien didn't just make up his ideas from whole cloth: he had plenty of raw materials on which to draw, both from ancient folklore and from modern children's literature. The idea of hobbits grew out of Tolkien and his children's fondness for a book with the odd title The Marvelous Land of the Snergs , by Edward A. Wyke-Smith (source: Marjorie Burns, "Tracking the Elusive Hobbit (In Its Pre-Shire Den)." Tolkien Studies, Volume 4, 2007, pg. 208). Snergs by the way are a race of small but strong people. (Sound familiar?) And goblins belong to myth and legend, but Tolkien also pointed to George Macdonald's The Princess and the Goblins as a specific source (source: J.S. Ryan. "Folktale, Fairy Tale, and the Creation of a Story." In Understanding the Lord of the Rings: The Best of Tolkien Criticism , pg. 118). And finally, the Old English heroic epic Beowulf also influenced Tolkien, as did the Finnish poem cycle Kalevala (source: John C. Hunter. "The Evidence of Things Not Seen: Critical Mythology and The Lord of the Rings." In Journal of Modern Literature, Vol. 29, No. 2 (Winter 2006), pg. 138). Talk about a list of what to read next! We're not listing all of these sources just for fun – although we do love research. What matters is the fact that Tolkien himself bothered to trace all of these origins, and that such a thing as "Tolk


What was the nickname of gangster George Nelson?

Baby Face Nelson | American gangster | Britannica.com American gangster Alternative Titles: George Nelson, Lester Gillis Baby Face Nelson near Fox River Grove, Illinois Related Biographies Baby Face Nelson, byname of George Nelson, original name Lester Gillis (born 1908, Chicago , Illinois , U.S.—died November 27, 1934, near Fox River Grove, Illinois), American gunman and bank robber noted for his vicious killings and youthful looks. FBI mug shots of Baby Face Nelson, 1931. FBI From petty crime Nelson graduated into labour racketeering, working for Al Capone (1929–31) and other bootleg bosses; he was let go, however, proving too violent even for them. He then turned to bank robberies, joining with John Dillinger on two occasions (1934). Listed as Public Enemy Number One by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), he was killed in a wild shoot-out with FBI agents. Learn More in these related articles: Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. MEDIA FOR: You have successfully emailed this. Error when sending the email. Try again later. Edit Mode Submit Tips For Editing We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered. Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. Submit Thank You for Your Contribution! Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. Uh Oh There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later. Close Article Title: Baby Face Nelson Website Name: Encyclopædia Britannica Date Published: January 27, 2012 URL: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Baby-Face-Nelson-American-gangster Access Date: January 19, 2017 Share


Chinese Currency Converter with Online Exchange Rate Embassy and Consulate Chinese Currency – Renminbi (RMB) Chinese yuan, also known as Renminbi, is used throughout in mainland China, while in Hong Kong and Macau, Hong Kong dollar and pataca are respectively used. The basic unit of Renminbi is Yuan and the sign of Yuan is ￥. The metric conversion about Chinese Yuan is: 1Yuan=10jiao              1jiao=10fen   In some parts of China, yuan is called kuai and jiao is referred as mao. Chinese money is issued by the People's Bank of China in denominations of one, two, five, ten, twenty, fifty, and one hundred yuan. The jiao and fen coins are both issued in ones, twos, and fives. For many travelers, exchanging money is frequently needed along their trip, which is particularly true for businessmen along their China business travel. In China, currency exchange could be available in large banks, hotels and airports. For currency conversion, please click the below currency converter.   How to count from ONE to TEN on one hand ? Chinese can use five fingers on one hand to indicate the numbers from one to ten, this is very useful when you can not speak Chinese language or you are at a very noisy place, where body language may be more effective than shouting aloud.    What Does Renminbi Look Like? The following are images of the different denominations of renminbi, from 100 yuan to a single fen.


What subject was added as a Nobel Prize in 1969?

Why was economics added in 1969 to fields to award the Nobel Prize in? - Quora Quora Written Oct 10, 2014 Nobel Prize in Economics is not a real Nobel. It wasn’t created by Alfred Nobel. It’s not even called a “Nobel Prize,” no matter what the press reports say. The five real Nobel Prizes—physics, chemistry, literature, peace, and medicine/physiology—were set up in the will left by the dynamite magnate when he died in 1895. The economics prize is a bit different. It was created by Sweden’s Central Bank in 1969, nearly 75 years later. The award’s real name is the “Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.” It was not established by Nobel, but supposedly in memory of Nobel. It’s a ruse and a PR trick, and I mean that literally. And it was done completely against the wishes of the Nobel family. Sweden’s Central Bank quietly snuck it in with all the other Nobel Prizes to give free-market economics for the 1% credibility. The Economics Prize has nestled itself in and is awarded as if it were a Nobel Prize. But it’s a PR coup by economists to improve their reputation. 486 Views · View Upvotes · Answer requested by


Stoicism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Stoicism First published Mon Apr 15, 1996; substantive revision Fri Dec 6, 2013 Stoicism was one of the new philosophical movements of the Hellenistic period. The name derives from the porch (stoa poikilê) in the Agora at Athens decorated with mural paintings, where the members of the school congregated, and their lectures were held. Unlike ‘epicurean,’ the sense of the English adjective ‘stoical’ is not utterly misleading with regard to its philosophical origins. The Stoics did, in fact, hold that emotions like fear or envy (or impassioned sexual attachments, or passionate love of anything whatsoever) either were, or arose from, false judgements and that the sage—a person who had attained moral and intellectual perfection—would not undergo them. The later Stoics of Roman Imperial times, Seneca and Epictetus, emphasise the doctrines (already central to the early Stoics' teachings) that the sage is utterly immune to misfortune and that virtue is sufficient for happiness. Our phrase ‘stoic calm’ perhaps encapsulates the general drift of these claims. It does not, however, hint at the even more radical ethical views which the Stoics defended, e.g. that only the sage is free while all others are slaves, or that all those who are morally vicious are equally so. (For other examples, see Cicero's brief essay ‘Paradoxa Stoicorum’.) Though it seems clear that some Stoics took a kind of perverse joy in advocating views which seem so at odds with common sense, they did not do so simply to shock. Stoic ethics achieves a certain plausibility within the context of their physical theory and psychology, and within the framework of Greek ethical theory as that was handed down to them from Plato and Aristotle. It seems that they were well aware of the mutually interdependent nature of their philosophical views, likening philosophy itself to a living animal in which logic is bones and sinews; ethics and physics, the flesh and the soul respectively (another version reverses this assignment, making ethics the soul). Their views in logic and physics are no less distinctive and interesting than those in ethics itself. 1. Sources of our information on the Stoics Since the Stoics stress the systematic nature of their philosophy, the ideal way to evaluate the Stoics' distinctive ethical views would be to study them within the context of a full exposition of their philosophy. Here, however, we meet with the problem about the sources of our knowledge about Stoicism. We do not possess a single complete work by any of the first three heads of the Stoic school: the ‘founder,’ Zeno of Citium in Cyprus (344–262 BCE), Cleanthes (d. 232 BCE) or Chrysippus (d. ca. 206 BCE). Chrysippus was particularly prolific, composing over 165 works, but we have only fragments of his works. The only complete works by Stoic philosophers that we possess are those by writers of Imperial times, Seneca (4 BCE–65 CE), Epictetus (c. 55–135) and the Emperor Marcus Aurelius (121–180) and these works are principally focused on ethics. They tend to be long on moral exhortation but give only clues to the theoretical bases of the moral system. For detailed information about the Old Stoa (i.e. the first three heads of the school and their pupils and associates) we have to depend on either doxographies, like pseudo-Plutarch Philosophers' Opinions on Nature, Diogenes Laertius' Lives of Eminent Philosophers (3rd c. CE), and Stobaeus' Excerpts (5th c. CE)—and their sources Aetius (ca. 1st c. CE) and Arius Didymus (1st c. BCE-CE)—or other philosophers (or Christian apologists) who discuss the Stoics for their own purposes. Nearly all of the latter group are hostile witnesses. Among them are the Aristotelian commentator Alexander of Aphrodisias (late 2nd c. CE) who criticises the Stoics in On Mixture and On Fate, among other works; the Platonist Plutarch of Chaeronea (1st-2nd c. CE) who authored works such as On Stoic Self-Contradictions and Against the Stoics on Common Conceptions; the medical writer Gale


Cynics Cynics   Cynicism was not so much a philosophy, but a way of               life characterized by asceticism, anti-conformism               and anti-conventionalism. The Cynics are regarded as               one of the minor Socratic schools. It was founded in               the fourth century BC by Antisthenes the               Athenian . The name ï¿½cynicï¿½ derives from the               Greek word for ï¿½dogï¿½ (kuon) denoting their               denial of luxuries, wealth and social status. The               core of cynicism is the virtue of well being and               happy life beyond any conventional value. Eminent               Cynics were Diogenes               of Synope and Crates               of Thebes . Cynicism had a strong influence to               Stoic philosophy.   Antisthenes of Athens   Antisthenes of Athens (c.445-c.360 BC) is regarded               as the founder of Cynicism. He was a student of               Gorgias, but later he became a pupil and follower of               Socrates. He usually expressed his distain for               conventional values and pleasure. For Antisthenes,               desire leads to pleasure and pleasure to the misery               of insufficient and temporal happiness. For               Antisthenes only virtue is sufficient for real               happiness, that is well-being. A virtuous person is               sufficient with whatever is present and with future               expectations and social conventions. According to               Diogenes Laertius (Lives and Opinions of Eminent               Philosophers VI ): And the doctrines he adopted were these. He used               to insist that virtue was a thing which might be               taught; also, that the nobly born and virtuously               disposed, were the same people; for that virtue was               of itself sufficient for happiness. And was in need               of nothing, except the strength of Socrates. He also               looked upon virtue as a species of work, not wanting               many arguments, or much instruction; and he taught               that the wise man was sufficient for himself; for               that everything that belonged to any one else               belonged to him. He considered obscurity of fame a               good thing, and equally good with labour. And he               used to say that the wise man would regulate his               conduct as a citizen, not according to the               established laws of the state, but according to the               law of virtue. Translated by Yonge Diogenes of Sinope Diogenes of Sinope               (c.400-c.325 BC) was a follower of Antisthenes and               probably the most popular of the Cynics. Plato               called Diogenes ï¿½Socrates gone madï¿½. He had an               extreme personality with strong views. He denied               pleasure and physical wealth for asceticism. He had               the nickname ï¿½the dogï¿½ because of his shamelessness.               He used to live in a barrel with only possessions a               robe to wear and a stick to walk. There are many               stories for Diogenesï¿½ rebellious and anti-conformal               character. According to some ancient sources               Diogenes carried a lighted lamp


Who killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914?

Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated - Jun 28, 1914 - HISTORY.com Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated Publisher A+E Networks In an event that is widely acknowledged to have sparked the outbreak of World War I, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, nephew of Emperor Franz Josef and heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire, is shot to death along with his wife by a Serbian nationalist in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on this day in 1914. The great Prussian statesman Otto von Bismarck, the man most responsible for the unification of Germany in 1871, was quoted as saying at the end of his life that “One day the great European War will come out of some damned foolish thing in the Balkans.” It went as he predicted. The archduke traveled to Sarajevo in June 1914 to inspect the imperial armed forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina, former Ottoman territories in the turbulent Balkan region that were annexed by Austria-Hungary in 1908 to the indignation of Serbian nationalists, who believed they should become part of the newly independent and ambitious Serbian nation. The date scheduled for his visit, June 28, coincided with the anniversary of the First Battle of Kosovo in 1389, in which medieval Serbia was defeated by the Turks. Despite the fact that Serbia did not truly lose its independence until the Second Battle of Kosovo in 1448, June 28 was a day of great significance to Serbian nationalists, and one on which they could be expected to take exception to a demonstration of Austrian imperial strength in Bosnia. June 28 was also Franz Ferdinand’s wedding anniversary. His beloved wife, Sophie, a former lady-in-waiting, was denied royal status in Austria due to her birth as a poor Czech aristocrat, as were the couple’s children. In Bosnia, however, due to its limbo status as an annexed territory, Sophie could appear beside him at official proceedings. On June 28, 1914, then, Franz Ferdinand and Sophie were touring Sarajevo in an open car, with surprisingly little security, when Serbian nationalist Nedjelko Cabrinovic threw a bomb at their car; it rolled off the back of the vehicle and wounded an officer and some bystanders. Later that day, on the way to visit the injured officer, the archduke’s procession took a wrong turn at the junction of Appel quay and Franzjosefstrasse, where one of Cabrinovic’s cohorts, 19-year-old Gavrilo Princip, happened to be loitering. Seeing his opportunity, Princip fired into the car, shooting Franz Ferdinand and Sophie at point-blank range. Princip then turned the gun on himself, but was prevented from shooting it by a bystander who threw himself upon the young assassin. A mob of angry onlookers attacked Princip, who fought back and was subsequently wrestled away by the police. Meanwhile, Franz Ferdinand and Sophie lay fatally wounded in their limousine as it rushed to seek help; they both died within the hour. The assassination of Franz-Ferdinand and Sophie set off a rapid chain of events: Austria-Hungary, like many in countries around the world, blamed the Serbian government for the attack and hoped to use the incident as justification for settling the question of Slav nationalism once and for all. As Russia supported Serbia, an Austro-Hungarian declaration of war was delayed until its leaders received assurances from German leader Kaiser Wilhelm that Germany would support their cause in the event of a Russian intervention–which would likely involve Russia’s ally, France, and possibly Britain as well. On July 28, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, and the tenuous peace between Europe’s great powers collapsed. Within a week, Russia, Belgium, France, Great Britain and Serbia had lined up against Austria-Hungary and Germany, and World War I had begun. Related Videos


In which city is the world's longest street?

World's Longest Street – Uruará, Brazil | Atlas Obscura Help us build the Atlas by adding to this place On the north side of Brazil, there’s a single road that stretches for 311 miles. This is one street, a single street. Not a highway. As you can see in the pictures included above, this street is lined with houses for the entire length, with smaller streets branching off perpendicularly from the main stretch. The length is equivalent to a street that might stretch from New York City to Albany or from San Diego to Las Vegas.


Opposite of zenith Opposite Of Opposite of zenith Opposite of zenith word list. Here are a variety of words whose meaning is nearly the opposite of zenith. bottom low nadir Hope the above listing of antonyms for zenith is useful. This page may interest people looking for the opposite of zenith and zenith opposite. Popular phrases for this post include, opposite of zenith, zenith opposite, what is the opposite of zenith, opposite zenith, opposite word of zenith.


What is the opposite of perihelion? What is the opposite of perihelion? No words found.


Which cathedral has the tallest spire in England?

Salisbury Cathedral: Breathtaking video from tallest spire - BBC News BBC News Salisbury Cathedral: Breathtaking video from tallest spire 19 December 2014 Media captionConservators filmed themselves repairing weather meter hundreds of feet up Spectacular video has been captured by conservators working at the top of Britain's tallest spire. Two men filmed themselves climbing 404ft (123m) to the capstone of Salisbury Cathedral in Wiltshire to replace a faulty weather meter. The footage shows the breathtaking views only usually experienced by the Cathedral's peregrine falcons. Clerk of Works Gary Price described it as a "heart in your mouth" experience which heightens the senses. Image copyright Ash Mills Image caption The cathedral spire is the tallest in Britain at 404ft (123m) Image copyright Ash Mills Image caption Workers use a weather door to exit the spire before scaling the final 49ft (15m) outside Image copyright Salisbury Cathedral Image caption The purpose of the work was to replace a faulty weather meter "When you climb out of the weather door it's quite wide, but the higher you go the more narrow it gets - and that is when you question if it'll take your weight, but it will," he said. "It's quite exposed because you can see all the way around you. "If there's two or three of you up there, and one of you moves, you can feel the spire slightly swaying. Not a massive amount but enough to notice that it is moving with the wind." Mr Price was joined in the work by two architectural conservators and rope access specialists. To access the top they climbed 332 steps through the cathedral's roof spaces, then a further 144ft (44m) up ladders inside the spire before climbing out of a weather door and scaling the final 49ft (15m) outside using metal hoops in the spire's masonry. The purpose of the work was to replace a faulty anemometer, which was working intermittently, and also plug a leak discovered after the September storms. Salisbury Cathedral Tallest in England since the late 16th century It took 38 years to construct the main building 250,000 visitors each year Combined force of 700 clergy, staff and volunteers A cross replaced the weather vane at the top of the spire in 1921 Mother church of the Salisbury Diocese