Africa’s biggest shipping ports  Africa’s biggest shipping ports 0 shares  With over 90% of Africa’s imports and exports conducted by sea, there is an increasing need for innovation and development in the field of maritime. Africa covers about 6% of the earth’s total surface. With 38 of its 54 states either coastal or insular in nature, Africa has over a hundred port facilities, a few of which handle 6% of the worldwide water-borne cargo traffic and about 3% of the world’s container traffic. With over 90% of Africa’s imports and exports conducted by sea, research conducted by Jovago.com reveals the 7 harbours/ports that stand out strategically across the region. Durban, South Africa Port of Durban as popularly known is Africa’s most active general cargo port. It is situated a block away from Durban’s central business district and plays a key role in S.A’s economy. Being Africa’s largest container port, it handles most of the seagoing traffic in comparison to the other ports in South Africa. This port welcomes about 4,500 vessels yearly and about 8,3000 containers per month, it conducts trade worth over $45billion.According to the Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa, it handled about 44.8 million tonnes of cargo of cargo in 2013-2014. Mombasa, Kenya Port Mombasa, often referred to as “the city of merchants” dates back to the times of Portuguese exploration, it has been and remains a busy trading post for the region which could be attributed to its strategic location between South Africa and the Gulf of Aden. It is a key gateway to East and Central Africa. It provides a direct link to about 80 ports worldwide and a railway line runs therefrom to Uganda and Tanzania. With 18,000 twenty-foot equivalent units (teu) and a container capacity of about 250,000 teu per year, Mombasa Port now handles about double this volume. The teu is an inexact unit of cargo capacity used to describe the capacity of container ships and container terminals. It is based on the volume of a 20-foot-long (6.1 m) intermodal container. Djibouti Djibouti’s ports are crucial to its geo-strategic importance both in military and economic terms. They serve as a passage for Ethiopian trade and a platform for the transhipment of goods. This involves the outflow of container and bulk cargo from larger vessels to be redistributed to East Africa and Arabian ports. It provides a secure regional hub for transhipment and relay of goods. China is also directly involved in the Port of Djibouti through the state-owned China Merchants Group. Their interest in Djibouti goes beyond the benefits of being involved in East African regional trade rather Djibouti’s position as the only reliable port along the main shipping lanes between Europe and the Gulf and also between Asia and the eastern coast of Africa is essential. Lagos, Nigeria Being Nigeria’s economic focal point, Lagos generates a significant portion of the country’s GDP. Port of Lagos, also known as Lagos Port Complex is located at the Apapa area of Lagos, South West Nigeria. Its operational area consists of berthing, cargo-handling and stacking areas and storage facilities. This leading port is one of the largest and busiest in Africa, it is administered by the Nigerian Ports Authority and is split into three main sections: Lagos port, in the main channel next to Lagos Island, Apapa Port (site of the container terminal) and Tin Can Port, both located in Badagry Creek. Abidjan, Ivory Coast The port of Abidjan is located on a lagoon and is conn


The Biggest Eyes in the Animal Kingdom – Mission Blue The Biggest Eyes in the Animal Kingdom August 20, 2012 By Mera McGrew Researchers say that colossal squid (Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni) have the largest eyes ever studied in the animal kingdom. Measuring 27cm (11in) in diameter, each eye is roughly the size of a soccer ball. “They are probably the largest eyes that have ever existed,” says Eric Warrant, a professor at the University of Lund in Sweden and an expert on animal vision. Researchers say these huge eyes help the colossal squid survive and thrive in the depths of the Southern Ocean. Their eyes face forward, allowing them to properly judge distances. At great depths, where there is very little light, their large eyes also help them spot large animals, including predators like sperm whales. Recently, Mission Blue caught up with Warrant to ask him more about his research and the massive eyes of the colossal squid. At Lund University’s Department of Biology, Warrant pursues world-leading research that focuses on vision in dim light, primarily concentrating on deep-sea and nocturnal animals. In 2008, Warrant traveled to the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa in Wellington to take part in the dissection of a colossal squid and investigate the morphology of their eyes along with his friend and colleague Dan-Eric Nilsson. Below is a cut version of a Q&A with Eric Warrant. Why do colossal squid have such large eyes? In order to spot sperm whales (their major enemy) at great depths in the sea where there is almost no daylight. Sperm whales trigger bioluminescence from the great density of tiny planktonic animals that they collide with while swimming. This light creates a bright aura around and behind the whale that can be seen at a great distance in the sea (about 120 m away), but only by an animal with an eye as large as that of the colossal squid. In your opinion what is the most fascinating thing about the colossal squid’s eyes and why? Their sheer size. They are probably the largest eyes that have ever existed, and the next largest eyes are only 9 cm in diameter (the eyes of a large swordfish). For most visual tasks – such as detecting objects illuminated in the faint downwelling daylight – an eye of greater than 9 cm isn’t justified on the basis of visual gains per unit energy cost. The only visual task that is an exception to this is the detection of large luminous objects – the major reason for the evolution of the giant eyes of squids. This evolution was necessary in order to give them an early warning visual alarm system for detecting sperm whales. In 2008, you traveled to the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa in Willington to take part in the dissection of a colossal squid. Can you briefly describe what your role was within that dissection? My role – together with my friend and colleague Dan-Eric Nilsson – was to investigate the morphology of the eyes of the squid to that level it was possible in an animal that had been frozen for over a year and then thawed-out. Why was dissecting the colossal squid so important from a scientific standpoint? Colossal squid are not uncommon in the deep ocean but our investigations of them are very few because they are so hard to see and to find. Most specimens that exist in museums are in very poor condition, having been found washed up on beaches in a half-rotten state. The eyes are usually in a particularly bad state. The New Zealand specimen had been caught alive on a long-line fishing vessel, dragged up onto the ship’s deck and then frozen immediately (I suspect that the ship’s crew recognized the scientific value in the specimen directly). Never before in the history of colossal squid research had so fine a specimen been obtained. Hence its enormous scientific value. What did you and other researchers discover through the dissection? I think this can be best answered by consulting  Te Papa’s web site .   Top photo: Christine Dell’Amore. The eye pictured is not a colossal squid eye, it is a preserved giant squid eye. One Comment “The New Zealand specimen had been caught alive on a


Who was the partner of Kid Curry in the 1970s western TV series?

TV Westerns - Shadows of the Past The Cisco Kid (from 1950 to 1956 all film in color) Duncan Renaldo with Diablo Wild Bill Hickok (from 1951 to 1958)* Guy Madisonwith Buckshot Kit Carson (from 1951 to 1955) Bill Williams The Range Rider (from 1952 to 1954) Jock Mahoney Roy Rogers (from 1951 to June 23, 1957) Leonard Franklin Slye (born in Duck Run, Ohio) with Trigger Death Valley Days (from 1952 to 1975!) Stanley "Old Ranger" Andrews, host Ronald Reagan, host Stories of the Century (1954) Jim Davis as Matt Clark Annie Oakley (April 1953 to December 1956) Gail Davis with her horse Target Jimmy "Tagg" Hawkins on his horse Pixie Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp (September 6, 1955 to September 26, 1961) Hugh O'Brian Gunsmoke (AKA Marshal Dillon) (September 10, 1955 to 1975!!) James Arness as Matt with his horse Buck! Cheyenne (September 20, 1955 to September 13, 1963) Norman Eugene "Clint" Walker The Restless Gun (September 23, 1957 to September 14, 1959) John Payne as Vint Bonner Trackdown (October 4, 1957 to September 23, 1959) Robert Culp Tombstone Territory (Oct. 16, 1957 - Sept. 17, 1958; Mar 13, 1959 - Oct. 9, 1959). Pat Conway -- Sheriff Clay Hollister Richard Eastham -- Harris Claibourne (editor of the Tombstone [Ariz. Terr.] Epitaph. (Theme song was "Whistle me up a memory...") Colt .45 (October 18, 1957 - September 27, 1960) Wade Preston as Christopher Colt Donald Wade as Sam Colt Jr. Wanted Dead or Alive (September 6, 1958 to March 29, 1961) Steve McQueen as Josh Randal The Texan (September 29, 1958 to September 12, 1960) Rory Calhoun rode Domino The Rifleman (September 30, 1958 to July 1, 1963) Chuck Connors as Lucas McCain Lawman (October 5, 1958 to October 2, 1962) John Russell Rawhide (January 9, 1959 to January 4, 1966) Eric Fleming as Gil Favor Clint Eastwood as Rowdy Yates Sheb Wooley as Pete Nolan the scout Bonanza (September 12, 1959 to January 16, 1973) Loren Greene as pah Pernell Roberts as Adam Cartwright Dan Blocker as Hoss Law of the Plainsman (October 1, 1959 to September 24, 1962) Michael Ansara (star of another TV show Broken Arrow) The Rebel (October 4, 1959 to September 12, 1962) Nick Adams as Johnny Yuma Bat Masterson ( October 8, 1959 to September 21, 1961) Gene Barry The Gunslinger(Feb. 9, 1961 to Sept. 14, 1961) Tony Young as Cord Preston Foster as Capt. Zachary Wingate Charles D. Gray as Pico McGuire John Picard as Sgt. Major Murdock Dee Pollock as Billy Urchin Midge Ware as Amby Hollister The Westerner (September 30, 1960 to December 30, 1960) Brian Keith (RIP ol'pard, we'll miss yew! June 25, 1997). The Virginian (1962-1970) (1970: The Men From Shiloh) James Drury -- Virginian (foreman) Doug McClure -- Trampas (assistant foreman) Lee J. Cobb (1962-66) -- Judge Henry Garth (first owner of Shiloh Ranch) Clu Gulagher (1964-68) -- Deputy Ryker Big Valley (1965-1969) Richard Long -- Jarrod (#1 son -- level headed lawyer) Peter Breck -- Nick (#2 son -- hot headed rancher) Lee Majors -- Heath (illegitimate son of Tom Barkley and a woman from Stockton: Tom had lied to Victoria that the woman was indian) Linda Evans -- Audra (daughter) Larry Ward as Marshall Frank Ragan Jack Elam as Deputy J.D. Smith Daniel Boone (165 episodes from 1964-1970) Fess Parker as Boone Branded (January 1965 - September 4, 1966) Chuck Connors as Jason McCord The Loner (18 September 1965 to 1966) Lloyd Bridges as William Colton Laredo (56 episodes from 1965-1967 NBC?) Neville Brand as Ranger Reese Bennett Peter Brown as Ranger Chad Cooper William Smith as Ranger Joe Riley Robert Wolders as Ranger Erik Hunter Philip Carey as Captain Edward Parmalee Wild, WIld West (104 episodes & 2 sequels, 1965-1969, CBS) Robert Conrad as Jim West Ross Martin as Artemus Gordon Michael Dunn as Dr. Miguelito Loveless Richard Kiel as Voltaire, Loveless' muscular and LARGE!! henchman Victor Buono as Count Manzeppi reruns daily on WTBS from Atlanta. The 2 sequel movies Wild, Wild West Revisited & More Wild, Wild West are available on video. Hondo (1967 - ?) Leif Erickson as John Cannon 1970's WESTERNS Nichols (24 episodes, 1971-1972, NBC)


What is the name of the hormone which is said to give males their aggressiveness?

Aggression in Men - Hormone Levels Are a Key - NYTimes.com Aggression in Men: Hormone Levels Are a Key By DANIEL GOLEMAN Published: July 17, 1990 WHEN men are domineering and intensely competitive, it may be just another case of raging hormones, specifically the male sex hormone testosterone, researchers say. Scientists have long linked abnormally high levels of testosterone to an unusually early involvement with sex and drug use and to certain violent crimes, like particularly vicious rapes. But now a series of new findings show that high testosterone levels play a role in the normal urge for the upper hand. Those men who are most likely to try to dominate in a social situation, be it in a prison yard or a board room, are likely to have higher testosterone levels than their peers, new data show. Scientists caution against placing too much stock in the importance of hormones like testosterone in human affairs, since so many other factors, from childhood experiences to social status, shape the expression of a given behavior like dominance or competitiveness. ''This doesn't mean that people can't be dominant or aggressive without high testosterone,'' said Dr. Robert Rose, a psychiatrist at the University of Minnesota medical school. ''A woman, of course, can be as competitive as a man, even though her testosterone levels are much lower.'' Scientists emphasize that the effects of hormones on human behavior are small relative to social and psychological factors, showing up most clearly in studies of large numbers of people. And Dr. Rose is among a group of scientists who are skeptical that the hormone is a strong and direct cause of specific human behavior. He cites a series of studies, most involving small numbers of people, that have posted contradictory findings. ''In animals behavior like mating, nesting and aggression is much more tightly linked to hormones than is true in humans,'' Dr. Rose said. ''In humans hormones only set the stage, while social factors determine if and how they are expressed.'' Still, a growing body of new evidence portrays a distinct role for testosterone among men jockeying for power. High testosterone levels have long been known to typify the dominant males in groups of primates like baboons, and in unusual groups of men like prison inmates and hospitalized psychiatric patients. But the recent research has found the same differences in men who seek social dominance in normal realms of life. ''Hormonal secretions create a propensity for certain behaviors,'' Dr. Rose said. ''Testosterone seems most strongly linked to competitiveness and dominance.'' The findings apply only to men. After puberty, testosterone levels in men are about 10 times higher than in women. ''The highest testosterone level in women tends to fall within the low range for men, so that the hormone is a far greater factor for men than women,'' said Dr. Richard Udry, head of a center for population study at the University of North Carolina, who is studying the effects of testosterone on sexuality. But researchers agree with Dr. Rose that other factors can make women just as competitive as men. The newest and strongest evidence about the effect of testosterone comes from a study of 1,706 men in the Boston area, aged 39 to 70. The men were selected at random as part of a larger study on aging. Those who agreed to participate were interviewed in their homes and given psychological tests, and blood samples were taken. Those who had higher levels of testosterone and related hormones had a personality profile that researchers described as ''dominant with some aggressive behavior.'' ''The picture we get is of a man who attempts to influence and control other people, who expresses his opinions forcefully and his anger freely, and who dominates social interactions,'' said John B. McKinlay, a psychologist at the New England Research Institute in Watertown, Mass., who was on the research team. The study, which will be published in Psychosomatic Medicine, is considered significant because it is the first to examine so many randomly chosen m


Who is the Greek equivalent to the Phoenician goddess Astarte, and the Babylonian goddess Ishtar?

Ashtart, the Phoenician Great Goddess Roman Ashtart (either "the Star", or "She of the Womb&"), is better known by the name Astarte, the Greek version of Her name. Ashtart is a Semitic Goddess of love and war and the Canaanite Great Goddess who is the cult partner of Ba'al (the King). Semitic describes a group of languages, and by extension, kindred cultures of the Near East and Africa which include Phoenician, Arabic, Hebrew and Assyrian. She is the Deity of the Planet Venus and a Fertility Goddess, and Her cult was known throughout the ancient world for its practice of temple prostitution. She was the main Deity of the cities Sor (more familiarly Tyre), Zidon (Sidon) and Gubla (Byblos), and is frequently shown as an archer either beside or standing on a lion, much like the Babylonian Ishtar , who is quite similar. Snakes and the cypress tree are sacred to Her; and, like the related Arabic Goddess Al-Uzza , whose name, "the Mighty One", is an epithet of Ashtart, the acacia tree is also Hers. As with many of the other Near Eastern Goddesses of the planet Venus, two of Her aspects are that of the Goddess of War and the Goddess of Love. As Venus the Morning Star, Ashtart is a Goddess of War and Hunting; and as the Evening Star, She is the Goddess of Love, Sex, Fertility and Vitality, depicted as a nude woman. In Her role as Goddess of Love She was honored with sexual rites, especially in the city of Sidon or Zidon, and some of Her priests and priestesses there were chosen from the royal family. In the legends of Ugarit (the modern Ras Shamra on the coast of Syria) of the 14th century BCE, Ashtart is mentioned with the virgin Warrior-Goddess Anath ( Anat ) as restraining the young God Ba'al, who wishes to overthrow the River God, Yam. When Yam is taken captive, Ba'al kills him, and Ashtart rebukes him for the murder, cursing Him with His own name. She is sometimes called "Ashtart-Name-of-Ba'al" which may refer to Her magical knowledge of His secret name in which His power resides; the idea of a secret or cult name of a Deity, known only to the initiated, was not uncommon in the area: Jehovah is supposed to possess a secret name of power, uttered by Lilith when She left the Garden; and in a legend of Isis, the great Egyptian Goddess, She brings about the downfall of the aging God Ra by speaking his hidden name. Several gold pendants from Ugarit, dating to about 1300 BCE depict Ashtart in a highly stylized manner. From a flat gold plate, roughly teardrop-shaped, Her face and breasts emerge; and Her pubic area is depicted as a triangle with dots, I assume representing hair. There is also, however, what appears to be a stylized tree "growing" from that triangle and which ends just below Her navel. This "tree" is perhaps to be equated with the Near Eastern Tree of Life. Ashtart was worshipped with the young God 'Adon, son of Malidthu , in the town of Aphek or Aphaca in Palestine, the modern Afka. 'Adon is a title, rather than a name (as is common among the Phoenicians) meaning "Lord", and He may actually be Eshmun, the young God of Health. The site of the town Aphek was known for its stunning beauty, as it was situated high on a cliff from which a river issued to fall in a great torrent. Under the Greek name Adonis (which also means "Lord"), He was a young and very beautiful God with Whom Aphrodite (the Greek equivalant of Athtart) fell in love. Alas, one day while out hunting He was killed by a boar and the Goddess mourned terribly for Him. He represents the young vegetation/crops that are killed in the droughts of the dry season, and the river at Aphek was said to run red with His blood in the rainy season. He had a famous festival in midsummer celebrating His death and resurrection that eventually spread with His worship to Greece, Egypt and Rome, and which was celebrated primarily by women. For some time Ashtart under the name Ashtoreth seems to have been worshipped side by side with the Hebrew God as His consort; He was early on called Ba'al, a general title meaning "Lord", used in the area to refer to each people's particu


In which country was there a terrorist leader called George Grivas?

Fraser Blake Fraser Blake Author of "Dear Chips" and "A Rant Too Far?" Pages Thursday, 17 April 2014 TERRORISTS IN HIGH PLACES Much is being made of the fact that Martin McGuiness, an ex commander of the terrorist organisation the IRA, was invited to a banquet (and accepted) by Queen Elisabeth. 20 years ago he was leading an organisation that was fighting and killing British troops. The thought, then, that he would sit at the same table as Her Majesty was literally unthinkable. Yet there he was tucking into a steak and chips with all the dignitaries in the land, and of course, the Irish President who was the guest of honour. McGuiness has transformed himself into an amiable, affable, yet very sharp politician. You would think that two politicians like McGuiness and Ian Paisley who were politically diametrically opposed could never work together without serious repercussions and yet they did. Not only did they work together but they sat together and were often seen chatting and having a laugh together. Some people found that galling and called them hypocrites. However, what was the alternative? Northern Ireland had gone through thirty years of internecine warfare where republicans and Catholics had fought Protestants and loyalists. The people were tired and wanted peace but how do you get that without talking. Some hotheads on both sides swore never to talk and still try and carry the fight on. The more enlightened ones turned themselves into 'peace' politicians and found that when they talked to each other they had things in common and got on. This is not the first time, by a long shot, that 'terrorists' have rehabilitated themselves and end up sitting in the highest seats of power. Go back to the 50s in Kenya. The Mau Mau were terrorists, they wanted in dependence from Britain and their leader was Jomo Kenyatta. When captured there were many in the administration who would have liked to hang him. He was tried and convicted of being a member of the Mau Mau and imprisoned for 7 years. He was then sent into exile in a remote part of Kenya till his release by popular demand in August 1961. The rest is history. He became prime minister, then President of an independent Kenya. Archbishop Makarios was another 'terrorist sympathiser' although he wasn't the actual leader of EOKA the Greek Cypriot terrorist organisation, that was George Grivas. Makarios knew and had contact with Grivas and was sympathetic to the group but it was difficult to prove. So he was arrested on his way out of Cyprus and sent into exile on Mahe Island, near the Seychelles. He was only kept there for one year and then released but banned from returning to Cyprus. He based himself in Greece and in 1959 was elected president of an independent Cyprus. There are countless others who have made it to the top from murky beginnings, Mugabe, Arafat, Begin, and even the saintly Mandela come to mind. All of whom have been classed as terrorists at one time or another and yet have become leaders and dined at the top tables in Europe and the rest of the world. at


Pedro Ximenes is a grape usually used in the production of which drink?

All about Sherry: an amazing tasting, and why we should drink more of it All       about Sherry : an introduction, an amazing tasting, and       why we should be drinking more of it I love Sherry. It�s one of       the treasures of the wine world, but for a while now it has been       woefully underappreciated. In this article, I�m going to try to       convince you to drink more of it by sharing my enthusiasm, as well       as some notes from a big tasting of many of the top Sherries. Sherry is a fortified wine       made from vineyards in the far south of Spain, where extreme       heat�summer temperatures regularly exceed 40 �C�is countered by       cooling breezes from the Atlantic. Table wines made from here       wouldn�t be terribly exciting, but the complex process of Sherry       production, including the addition of spirit once fermentation is       complete (fortification), results in complex, stable wines. This       stability is one reason for the historical popularity of sherry: it       became highly fashionable in the UK in the late 16th century, at a       time when temperature controlled shipping and storage wasn�t an       option. Sherry�s popularity peaked       in the late 1970s, when roughly twice as much was exported from the       region than is shipped today. The region has since been through a       painful contraction, but is now bouncing back, largely because of       the consistently high quality of the wines that are now made here,       and the fact that they offer great value for money. Now for the slightly boring (but important) bit. The       background facts. The vineyards are mainly located within a triangle       formed by the Sherry towns Jerez de la Frontera, El Puerto de Santa       Maria and Sanl�car de Barrameda.  The characteristic vineyard soil in the region is known as albariza.       A blinding white colour in bright sunlight, it has a high chalk       content, and retains water well. In such a warm, breezy region,       evaporation levels are potentially very high, so this characteristic       is important. Vines are pruned by a method called vara       y pulgar, which is similar to the French �Guyot�, with a       single cane of some seven buds and a short replacement cane of a       couple of buds. Harvesting is almost always done by hand. There are three grape          varieties authorized for the production of Sherry: Palomino,          Muscat of Alexandria (also known as Moscatel) and Pedro Xim�nez.          The latter two grapes are mainly used for sweetening purposes,          and Palomino is by far the dominant grape in the region.          It�s a relatively heavy cropper, producing large bunches of          pale green grapes, which are harvested at a potential alcohol          level of 11�12.5 degrees. The resulting base wines are crisp          with a neutral character. It�s the production process that          transforms these into the compelling, diverse wines that          sherry is known for.   Essential to the production          of sherry is the growth of a layer of film-forming yeasts on          the top of the developing wine. This is known as the flor, and          it forms spontaneously from yeasts that are abundant in the          winery environment when the sherry casks are left incompletely          filled. Sherry butts (as the barrels are known) are made of American oak and usually have a capacity of 600 litres, but          are only filled to 500 litres, leaving a large air space. The          species of yeast responsible for this film, Saccharomyces          cerevisiae, is the same as the yeast that carries out          alcoholic fermentation, but four specific races have been          iden


In the grounds of which building is the cannon called 'Mons 'Meg'?

The true story of Mons Meg Extracted from "The Archaeological Journal" Volume 10, 1853. The paper discloses historical record disproving the tradition that 'Mons Meg' was forged at Carlingwark specially for the bombardment of Threave Castle. THE ANCIENT BOMBARD, PRESERVED AT EDINBURGH CASTLE.  Cannon, constructed of iron staves bound together with hoops of the same material, were in use for so long a period that it becomes very difficult, in the absence of written testimony or well-authenticated tradition, to assign a date to any particular examples that may have come down to us. Of the great gun of Ghent, which, except in its dimensions, is almost identical with Mons Meg, Captain Fave has recorded his belief that it is in all probability the very "bombarde merveilleusement grande" mentioned by Froissard as employed by the citizens of Ghent against their neighbours of Oudenarde. And that cannon of this fashion were still in use in the days of Henry VIII., is a fact familiar to us all from the well-known operations upon the wreck of the Mary Rose. Famous guns, like famous nations, begin their history in the faltering accents of tradition. The early days of Mons Meg are chronicled in a Galloway legend; which, however, had so much weight with Sir Walter Scott that he wrote to Mr. Train, a distinguished Scottish antiquary, who had communicated to him the local story with such corroborative facts as he could collect: "You have traced her propinquity so clearly as henceforth to set all conjecture aside." The legend in question has been preserved in Wilson's "Memorials of Edinburgh in the Olden Time" as follows: "The Earl of Douglas having seized Sir Patrick McLellan, Tutor of Bomby, the Sheriff of Galloway and chief of a powerful clan, carried him prisoner to Threave Castle, where he caused him to be hanged on 'The Gallows Knob’ a granite block which still remains, projecting over the main gateway of the Castle. The act of forfeiture, passed by Parliament in 1455, at length furnished an opportunity, under the protection of government, of throwing off that iron yoke of the Douglases under which Galloway had groaned for upwards of eighty years. When James the Second arrived with an army at Carlingwark, to besiege the Castle of Threave, the McLellans presented him with the piece of ordnance now called ' Mons Meg.’ The first discharge of this great gun is said to have consisted of a peck of powder and a granite ball nearly as heavy as a Galloway cow. This ball is believed, in its course through the Castle of Threave, to have carried away the hand of Margaret de Douglas, commonly called the Fair Maid of Galloway, as she sat at table with her lord, and was in the act of raising the wine-cup to her lips. Old people still maintain that the vengeance of God was thereby evidently manifested, in destroying the hand which had been given in wedlock to two brothers, and that even while the lawful spouse of the first was alive. As a recompense for the present of the gun, and for the loyalty of the McLellans, the king, before leaving Galloway, raised the town of Kirkcudbright into a Royal Burgh, and granted to Brawny Kim, the smith, the lands of Mollance in the neighbourhood of Threave Castle. Hence the smith was called Mollance, and his wife's name being Meg, the cannon, in honour of her, received the appellative of 'Mollance Meg.’ There is no smithy now at the 'Three Thorns of the Carlingwark ;' but a few years ago, when making the great military road to Portpatrick, which passes that way, the workmen had to cut through a deep bed of cinders and ashes, which plainly showed that there had been an extensive forge on that spot at some former period." In addition to this, (adds the correspondent of Sir Walter,) Symson, in his work written nearly a hundred and sixty years ago, says: "The common report also goes in that country, that in the Isle of Threaves, the great iron gun in the Castle of Edinburgh, commonly called Mount Meg, was wrought and made." To the above tradition the sober-minded arch


Which folk song has the refrain 'Parsley, sage, rosemary and thyme'?

Parsley, Sage, Rosemary, and Thyme - Lyrics Page This album has been reviewed . Looking for the expanded edition with bonus tracks? Click here . Scarborough Fair/Canticle (3:11) Read the song on which this is based! P. Simon/A. Garfunkel, 1966 Are you going to Scarborough Fair? Parsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme Remember me to one who lives there She once was a true love of mine Tell her to make me a cambric shirt    (On the side of a hill in the deep forest green) Parsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme    (Tracing a sparrow on snow-crested ground) Without no seams nor needlework    (Blankets and bedclothes the child of the mountain) Then she'll be a true love of mine    (Sleeps unaware of the clarion call) Tell her to find me an acre of land    (On the side of a hill, a sprinkling of leaves) Parsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme    (Washes the ground with so many tears) Between the salt water and the sea strand    (A soldier cleans and polishes a gun) Then she'll be a true love of mine Tell her to reap it in a sickle of leather    (War bellows, blazing in scarlet battalions) Parsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme    (Generals order their soldiers to kill) And to gather it all in a bunch of heather    (And to fight for a cause they've long ago forgotten) Then she'll be a true love of mine Are you going to Scarborough Fair? Parsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme Remember me to one who lives there She once was a true love of mine Patterns (2:45) And his heart is laughing, screaming, pounding The poem across the tracks rebounding Shadowed by the exit light His legs take their ascending flight To seek the breast of darkness and be suckled by the night 7 O'Clock News/Silent Night (1:59) P. Simon, 1966 This is the early evening edition of the news. The recent fight in the House of Representatives was over the open housing section of the Civil Rights Bill. Brought traditional enemies together but left the defenders of the measure without the votes of their strongest supporters. President Johnson originally proposed an outright ban covering discrimination by everyone for every type of housing but it had no chance from the start and everyone in Congress knew it. A compromise was painfully worked out in the House Judiciary Committee. In Los Angeles today comedian Lenny Bruce died of what was believed to be an overdose of narcotics. Bruce was 42 years old. Dr. Martin Luther King says he does not intend to cancel plans for an open housing march Sunday in the Chicago suburb of Cicero. Cook County Sheriff Richard Ogleby asked King to call off the march and the police in Cicero said they would ask the National Guard to be called out if it is held. King, now in Atlanta, Georgia, plans to return to Chicago Tuesday. In Chicago, Richard Speck, accused murderer of nine student nurses, was brought before a grand jury today for indictment. The nurses were found stabbed and strangled in their Chicago apartment. In Washington the atmosphere was tense today as a special subcommittee of the House Committee on Un-American Activities continued its probe into anti-Viet Nam war protests. Demonstrators were forcibly evicted from the hearings when they began chanting anti-war slogans. Former Vice-President Richard Nixon says that unless there is a substantial increase in the present war effort in Viet Nam, the U.S. should look forward to five more years of war. In a speech before the Convention of the Veterans of Foreign Wars in New York, Nixon also said opposition to the war in this country is the greatest single weapon working against the U.S. That's the 7 o'clock edition of the news, good night. Silent night, holy night


In which Dickens' novel would you find a lawyer named Tulkinghorne?

SparkNotes: Bleak House: Plot Overview Plot Overview Context Character List Esther Summerson describes her childhood and says she is leaving for the home of a new guardian, Mr. Jarndyce, along with Ada Clare and Richard Carstone. On the way to the home, called Bleak House, they stop overnight at the Jellybys’ chaotic home. When they finally reach Bleak House, they meet Mr. Jarndyce and settle in. They meet Mr. Skimpole, a man who acts like a child. The narrator describes a ghost that lurks around Chesney Wold, the home of Lady and Sir Leicester Dedlock. Esther meets the overbearing charity worker Mrs. Pardiggle, who introduces her to a poor brickmaker’s wife named Jenny, whose baby is ill. Esther says she is sure that Ada and Richard are falling in love. She meets Mr. Boythorn, as well as Mr. Guppy, who proposes marriage. Esther refuses him. At Chesney Wold, Tulkinghorn shows the Dedlocks some Jarndyce documents, and Lady Dedlock recognizes the handwriting. Tulkinghorn says he’ll find out who did it. He asks Mr. Snagsby, the law-stationer, who says a man named Nemo wrote the documents. Tulkinghorn visits Nemo, who lives above a shop run by a man named Krook, and finds him dead. At the coroner’s investigation, a street urchin named Jo is questioned and says that Nemo was nice to him. Later, Tulkinghorn tells Lady Dedlock what he’s learned. Richard struggles to find a suitable career, eventually deciding to pursue medicine. But he is more interested in the Jarndyce and Jarndyce lawsuit, which he believes will make him rich. Neither Esther nor the narrator ever fully explains the lawsuit, because nobody remembers what originally prompted the parties to begin the suit. In London, Esther meets a young girl named Charlotte who is caring for her two young siblings. A lodger who lives in the same building, Mr. Gridley, helps care for the children as well. A mysterious lady approaches Jo and asks him to show her where Nemo is buried. Mr. Jarndyce tells Esther some details about her background. He reveals that the woman who raised Esther was her aunt. The next day, a doctor named Mr. Woodcourt visits before leaving on a trip to China and India. An unidentified person leaves a bouquet of flowers for Esther. Richard begins working in the law. Esther, Ada, and others visit Mr. Boythorn, who lives near Chesney Wold. There, Esther meets Lady Dedlock for the first time and feels a strange connection to her. Lady Dedlock has a French maid, Mademoiselle Hortense, who is jealous that Lady Dedlock has a new young protégée named Rosa. A man named Mr. Jobling, a friend of Mr. Guppy’s, moves into Nemo’s old room above Krook’s shop. Two men, George and Grandfather Smallweed, talk about some money that George owes Smallweed. They reach an agreement, and George leaves. Tulkinghorn introduces Bucket and Snagsby, and Snagsby introduces Bucket to Jo. Bucket figures out that the woman Jo led to the burial ground was disguised in Mademoiselle Hortense’s clothes. Mademoiselle Hortense soon quits her post at Chesney Wold. Caddy Jellyby tells Esther she is engaged to Prince Turveydrop. Charley Neckett becomes Esther’s maid. Mr. Jarndyce warns Ada and Richard to end their romantic relationship since Richard is joining the army. Gridley dies. Smallweed visits George and says that Captain Hawdon, a man he thought was dead, is actually alive, and that a lawyer was asking about some handwriting of his. He asks George if he has any handwriting to offer. George visits Tulkinghorn, who explains that George will be rewarded if he gives up some of Hawdon’s handwriting. George refuses. Guppy visits Lady Dedlock in London and tells her he thinks there is a connection between her and Esther. He says that Esther’s former guardian was someone named Miss Barbary and that Esther’s real name was Esther Hawdon. He says that Nemo was actually named Hawdon, and that he left some letters, which Guppy will get. When Guppy leaves, Lady Dedlock cries: Esther is her daughter, who her sister claimed had died at birth. Charley and Esther visit Jenny and find Jo lying on the floor.


One end of the Pennine Way is 'The Nag's Head' in Edale, where is the other?

Pennine Way – Travel guide at Wikivoyage This article is an itinerary . A typical section of the Pennine Way in the northern Peak District The Pennine Way is a designated UK National Trail in the United Kingdom running for 429 km (268 miles) from Edale in Derbyshire to Kirk Yetholm in the Scottish Borders . On its way, the route passes through parts of the Peak District , the Yorkshire Dales and Northumberland National Park . Understand[ edit ] The path was the idea of the journalist and rambler Tom Stephenson, inspired by similar trails in the United States of America, particularly the Appalachian Trail . Stephenson proposed the concept in an article for the Daily Herald in 1935, and later lobbied Parliament for the creation of an official trail. The walk was originally planned to end at Wooler , but eventually it was decided that Kirk Yetholm would be the finishing point. The final section of the path was declared open in a ceremony held on Malham Moor on 24 April 1965. Although not the longest of the UK's long-distance paths, it is probably the best known and one of the more demanding routes. It generally follows the higher parts of the Pennines, a chain of moors and hills running north–south along the watershed of northern England. The Pennine Way can be walked in either direction, but is more commonly followed from south to north. This way you tend to have the wind at your back, and most travel guides (including this one) are written in this direction. Prepare[ edit ] Although it is waymarked and requires no specialist mountaineering skills, walking the Pennine Way requires a good level of fitness, appropriate equipment and adequate navigation skills. Accommodation is limited along some sections so if you are not camping, you might consider booking accommodation in advance. In particular, the last day normally involves a high-level 25-mile walk across the Cheviots from Byrness to Kirk Yetholm, though off-route accommodation can be used to split the long walk in two. Get in[ edit ] The trail officially starts at The Nags Head pub in Edale. Edale is best access by train. Sheffield and Manchester are both around a 45-minute train journey away. Bus services to Edale are very limited.


In the Old testament who was the mother of Samuel?

Who Was Hannah in the Bible? Mother of Samuel By Jack Zavada Updated January 11, 2017. Hannah is one of the most poignant characters in the Bible. Like several other women in Scripture, she was barren. People in ancient Israel believed that a large family was a blessing from God. Infertility , therefore, was a source of humiliation and shame. To make matters worse, her husband's other wife not only bore children but taunted Hannah mercilessly. Once, at the house of the Lord in Shiloh, Hannah was praying so intently that her lips moved silently with the words she spoke to God in her heart. Eli the priest saw her and accused her of being drunk. She answered that she was praying, pouring out her soul to the Lord. Touched by her pain, Eli answered, "Go in peace, and may the God of Israel grant you what you have asked of him." ( 1 Samuel 1:17, NIV ) After Hannah and her husband Elkanah returned from Shiloh to their home at Ramah, they slept together. Scripture says, "...and the Lord remembered her." (1 Samuel 1:19, NIV ). She became pregnant, had a son, and named him Samuel , which means "God hears." But Hannah had made a promise to God that if she bore a son, she would give him back for God's service. Hannah followed through on that promise. She handed her young child Samuel over to Eli for training as a priest. God blessed Hannah further for honoring her pledge to him. She bore three more sons and two daughters. Samuel grew up to become the last of Israel's judges, its first prophet, and counselor to its first two kings, Saul and David. Accomplishments of Hannah in the Bible Hannah gave birth to Samuel and gave him to the Lord, just as she promised she would. Her son Samuel is listed in the Book of Hebrews 11:32, in the " Faith Hall of Fame ." Hannah's Strengths Hannah was perseverant. Even though God was silent toward her request for a child for many years, she never stopped praying. She had faith that God had the power to help her. She never doubted God's abilities. Hannah's Weaknesses Like most of us, Hannah was strongly influenced by her culture. She drew her self-esteem from what others thought she should be like. Life Lessons From Hannah in the Bible After years of praying for the same thing, most of us would give up. Hannah did not. She was a devout, humble woman, and God finally answered her prayers . Paul tells us to "pray without ceasing" ( 1 Thessalonians 5:17, ESV ). That's exactly what Hannah did. Hannah teaches us to never give up, to honor our promises to God, and to praise God for his wisdom and kindness. Hometown References to Hannah in the Bible Hannah's story is found in the first and second chapters of 1 Samuel. Occupation Children - Samuel, three other sons and two daughters. Key Verses 1 Samuel 1:6-7 Because the LORD had closed Hannah's womb, her rival kept provoking her in order to irritate her. This went on year after year. Whenever Hannah went up to the house of the LORD, her rival provoked her till she wept and would not eat. (NIV) 1 Samuel 1:19-20 Elkanah made love to his wife Hannah, and the LORD remembered her. So in the course of time Hannah became pregnant and gave birth to a son. She named him Samuel, saying, "Because I asked the LORD for him." (NIV) 1 Samuel 1:26-28 And she said to him, "Pardon me, my lord. As surely as you live, I am the woman who stood here beside you praying to the LORD. I prayed for this child, and the LORD has granted me what I asked of him. So now I give him to the LORD. For his whole life he will be given over to the LORD." And he worshiped the LORD there. (NIV)


The 2008 film The Curious Tale of Benjamin Button' was adapted from a short story by whom?

The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (2008) for Rent on DVD and Blu-ray - DVD Netflix The Curious Case of Benjamin Button 2008 PG-13 Rated PG-13 2hr 46m David Fincher directs this Oscar-nominated tale of Benjamin Button -- a man who was born old and wrinkled but grows younger as the years go by -- with a screenplay adapted from a short story by F. Scott Fitzgerald. Rent DVDs for only $4.99 a month. More like The Curious Case of Benjamin Button Movie Details Cast David Fincher Genres Best Actor nominee: Brad Pitt Best Film nominee Best Direction nominee: David Fincher 2009 Golden Globe Awards Best Motion Picture (Drama) nominee Best Actor in a Motion Picture (Drama) nominee: Brad Pitt Best Director (Motion Picture) nominee: David Fincher 2009 Academy Award® Best Director nominee: David Fincher Best Picture nominee Best Supporting Actress nominee: Taraji P. Henson Ratings Color; interactive menus; scene access. Screen formats English SDH,                                                       English,                                                       French,                                                       Spanish (Neutral) Closed captioned English: Dolby Digital 5.1,                                               English: DTS 5.1 Surround Other features Color; interactive menus; scene access. The Curious Case of Benjamin Button 15 OK for kids 15+ Common Sense Note Parents need to know that this moving, memorable film is a compelling exploration of life, death, and the enduring power of love. Despite such weighty subjects, older teens -- whose interest may initially be piqued by star Brad Pitt -- will likely find it engrossing, and even touching. Younger viewers, on the other hand, could be overwhelmed by the mature themes. Expect some sexual innuendo and nonexplicit clinches, swearing (including infrequent use of "f--k"), a sequence that includes a bit of bloody violence, and period-accurate smoking and drinking. Sexual Content A man stands in his skivvies in front of a mirror. Some non-explicit scenes of a couple making love; in one segment, they appear to be naked under a sheet. A boy, who looks like an old man, visits a brothel filled with scantily clad women. After some time alone with a woman (not shown on screen), he appears to have enjoyed himself thoroughly. Lovers kiss passionately. A young woman discusses having casual sex. Violence A tugboat happens upon a battle at sea. Dead bodies are everywhere, with the water bloody from the corpses; the enemy fires at it. The captain is shot, and blood oozes from his chest. Some characters fire guns; there are also loud arguments. Language


Which sportsman married Elin Nordgren in 2004?

Tiger Woods - Biography - IMDb Tiger Woods Biography Showing all 64 items Jump to: Overview  (4) | Mini Bio  (1) | Spouse  (1) | Trade Mark  (1) | Trivia  (49) | Personal Quotes  (8) Overview (4) 6' (1.83 m) Mini Bio (1) At age 21, Tiger Woods became the youngest Masters champ and the first golfer since Jerry Pate in 1976 to win in the first major he played. In 1997, Woods took the lead at the Augusta golf classic and then put on a golf clinic never seen before. He fired a 3-under-par 69 and broke the tournament 72-hole record with an unbelievable 18-under 270. The 12-stroke margin of victory was the largest in Masters history. Woods was chosen as the Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year and ESPY Male Athlete of the Year in 1997. He was also one of the most accomplished amateur golfers in history, winning six USGA national championships, an NCAA title during his two years at Stanford University, and an unprecedented three consecutive U.S. Amateur Championships. He finished first on the PGA Tour five times in 1999. More importantly, Woods opened wide a door of society in becoming the first African American, as well as the first Asian American, to win a major. Woods was granted dual citizenship by the Thai government (his mother, Kultida, is of half Thai and one quarter Chinese, descent) in 1997 prior to playing in the Asian Honda Classic. Woods has captured the hearts and imaginations of even non-golf fans around the world. Affable and good looking, he became an international star and a prime endorser of golfing equipment and apparel. Born Eldrick Woods on December 30, 1975, in Cypress, California, his distinctive nickname "Tiger" came from his father Earl's Green Beret army past. "Tiger" had been the moniker of a South Vietnamese officer who saved Earl's life on several occasions. As a child, Woods was one of junior golf's most accomplished players. He putted against Bob Hope on The Mike Douglas Show (1961) at the improbable age of 2, shot 48 for nine holes at age 3, and was featured in "Golf Digest" at age 5. Woods won several major youth titles in southern California. He won three straight U.S. Amateur titles in 1994, 1995 and 1996 after winning three consecutive U.S. Junior Amateur titles in 1991, 1992 and 1993. He turned professional in the summer of 1996, and the game of golf hasn't been the same since. Sense of humor intact, Woods once observed, "Hockey is a sport for white men. Basketball is a sport for black men. Golf is a sport for white men dressed like black pimps". - IMDb Mini Biography By: Vicki McClure Davidson Spouse (1) ( 5 October  2004      - 23 August  2010) (divorced) (2 children) Trade Mark (1) During the final round (which is usually on Sundays) he almost always wears a red Nike t-shirt and a black Nike baseball cap Trivia (49) Attended Stanford University but left before graduating in order to pursue his golfing career. Nicknamed Tiger after a Vietnamese soldier and friend of his father, Vuong Dang Phong, to whom his father had also given that nickname. His father, Earl Woods , was a retired lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Army. His mother, Kultida Woods , is a native of Thailand. Tiger's father was born in Manhattan, Kansas, to African-American parents, Miles Woods and Maude Carter. Tiger's maternal grandfather was Thai, while Tiger's maternal grandmother had a Dutch father and a Chinese mother. Named Golf Digest Player of the Year (1991 and 1992), Golf World Player of the Year (1992 and 1993), Golfweek National Amateur of the Year (1992), Golf World Man of the Year (1994), and Fred Haskins and Jack Nicklaus College Player of the Year awards (1996.) Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year in 1996 and 2000, making him the first athlete to win the award twice. 6/15/97: Became the youngest #1 golfer ever at the age of 21 years and 24 weeks in his 42nd week as a professional. Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year in 1997, 1999, 2000 and 2006. An only child, although Earl had children from a previous marriage. Tiger Woods Foundation promotes parental responsibility and involvement in the


The company Antofagasta is the world's largest producer of what?

World’s largest copper producer Chile slashes 2015 output forecast | MINING.com World’s largest copper producer Chile slashes 2015 output forecast Apr. 7, 2015, 8:30 AM | PeopleMine Facebook LinkedIn Twitter Email Print BHP's Escondida mine in Chile, the world’s largest copper operation. Chile, the world’s largest copper producer and exporter, will mine this year less of the red metal than previously anticipated, with estimations dropping from 6.0 million to 5.94 million tonnes, the state copper commission Cochilco said. In its annual global trends report released Tuesday, the authority said that while the recent floods weighted on the forecast changes, they were mostly triggered by a lower estimate from projects run by Anglo American and at the Zaldivar mine, operated by Barrick Gold, El Mercurio reports (in Spanish). "There is an effect, albeit of low significance, from operations temporarily halted (mostly Codelco's Salvador and JX Nippon's Caserones) due to the heavy rains," the commission noted. In terms of prices, Cochilco said it sees the red metal averaging $2.85 a pound this year, losing a bit in 2016 to settle at $2.80. Global copper production has been affected by several unforeseen events in the last few weeks. Before Chile’s torrential rains and floods workers in Indonesia blocked roads over a pay dispute, forcing the world’s second largest copper mine to halt production for five days. London-listed Antofagasta Plc (LON:ANTO) had to slash its copper-output forecast for Los Pelambres copper mine, its biggest operation in Chile, by around 5,000 tonnes last month . The announcement was followed by a court decision to force the company destroy a giant dam it constructed for the same mine. Meanwhile, BHP Billiton recently revised down its 2015 forecasts for output from Escondida, the world’s largest copper mine, due to decreasing ore quality.


What was the last possession of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, lost to Islam in 1291?

Kingdom of Jerusalem | Religion-wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Main article: First Crusade The First Crusade was preached at the Council of Clermont in 1095 by Pope Urban II , with the goal of assisting the Byzantine Empire against the invasions of the Seljuk Turks . Very soon, however, the participants saw the main objective as the capturing or recapturing of the Holy Land . The kingdom came into being with the arrival of the crusaders in June 1099; a few of the neighbouring towns ( Ramla , Lydda , Bethlehem , and others) were taken first, and Jerusalem itself was captured on July 15. [1] There was immediately a dispute among the various leaders as to who would rule the newly-conquered territory, the two most worthy candidates being Godfrey of Bouillon , Duke of Lower Lorraine , and Raymond of St. Gilles , Count of Toulouse . Neither wished to be crowned king in the city where Christ had worn his crown of thorns ; Raymond was perhaps attempting to show his piety and hoped that the other nobles would insist upon his election anyway, but Godfrey, the more popular of the two, did no damage to his own piety by accepting a position as secular leader with an unknown or ill-defined title. [2] With the election of Godfrey on July 22, Raymond, incensed, took his army to forage away from the city. The foundation of the kingdom, as well as Godfrey's reputation, was secured with the defeat of the Fatimid Egyptian army under al-Afdal Shahanshah at the Battle of Ascalon one month after the conquest, on August 12. However, Raymond and Godfrey's continued antagonism prevented the crusaders from taking control of Ascalon itself. [3] There was still some uncertainty as to the nature of the new kingdom. The papal legate Daimbert of Pisa convinced Godfrey to hand over Jerusalem to him as Latin Patriarch , forming the basis for a theocratic state. According to William of Tyre , Godfrey may have supported Daimbert's efforts, and he agreed to take possession of "one or two other cities and thus enlarge the kingdom" if Daimbert were permitted to rule Jerusalem. [4] During his short reign, Godfrey indeed increased the boundaries of the kingdom, by capturing Jaffa , Haifa , Tiberias , and other cities, and reducing many others to tributary status; he also set the foundations for the system of vassalage in the kingdom, including the Principality of Galilee and the County of Jaffa . The path for a secular state was therefore set during Godfrey's rule, and when Godfrey died of an illness in 1100, his brother Baldwin of Boulogne successfully outmanoeuvered Daimbert and claimed Jerusalem for himself as a secular " king of the Latins of Jerusalem ." Daimbert compromised by crowning Baldwin in Bethlehem rather than Jerusalem, but the path for a secular state had been laid. [5] Within this secular framework, a Catholic church hierarchy was established, overtop of the local Eastern Orthodox and Syrian Orthodox authorities, who retained their own hierarchies. Under the Latin Patriarch there were four suffragan archdioceses and numerous dioceses. [6] Expansion During Baldwin's reign the kingdom expanded even further. The numbers of Latin inhabitants increased, as the minor crusade of 1101 brought reinforcements to the kingdom. He also repopulated Jerusalem with Franks and native Christians, after his expedition across the Jordan in 1115. [7] With help from the Italian city-states and other adventurers, notably King Sigurd I of Norway , Baldwin captured the port cities of Acre (1104), Beirut (1110), and Sidon (1111), while also exerting his suzerainty over the other Crusader states to the north – the County of Edessa (which he had founded), the Principality of Antioch , and, after Tripoli was captured in 1109, the County of Tripoli . He successfully defended against Muslim invasions, from the Fatimids at the numerous battles at Ramla and elsewhere in the southwest of the kingdom, and from Damascus and Mosul in the northeast in 1113. [8] As Thomas Madden says, Baldwin was "the true founder of the kingdom of Jerusalem", who "had transformed a tenuous arrangem


Xavier Rolet succeeded Clara Furse to a major job in which establishment during May 2009?

LB In-house view | www.legalbusiness.co.uk Nick Olley: General counsel, Department for Transport Team headcount: 93 Law firms used: Addleshaw Goddard, Allen & Overy, Burges Salmon, DLA Piper, Fieldfisher, Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer, Hogan Lovells, Eversheds, Norton Rose Fulbright, Simmons & Simmons, Winckworth Sherwood Following an extensive recruitment process across Whitehall and beyond, Nick Olley was appointed as legal chief to the Department for Transport (DfT) in 2013, and succeed the high-profile Christopher Muttukumaru, who is now a mediator at Monckton Chambers. Olley was previously a partner at Burges Salmon, heading up its transport sector group, and previously led its commercial department. Since becoming involved in rail privatisation in the early 1990s, Olley has built up an impressive reputation as a transport specialist. He has previously led large teams and advised on complex transactions. Significant mandates under his belt since joining DfT include working on the government’s £32bn HS2 high-speed rail network venture, which has seen dozens of lobby groups oppose the project. The DfT is also embroiled in a dispute with Heathrow Airport over an annual £40m payment to link Crossrail to its stations. Heathrow has paid out more than £1bn building the Heathrow Express line connecting terminals with London’s Paddington station, and the government wants to use part of the line for Crossrail but is resisting the proposed fee. The legal team is additionally involved in transport aspects of the devolution agenda, which relates to passage of the Scotland Bill, further devolution to Wales and the impact of English devolution, including the framework for sub-national transport bodies, such as Transport for the North. And, following a report by the Competition and Markets Authority, the legal team is reviewing far-reaching proposals for the replacement of the current franchise system, which was established following privatisation under the 1993 Railways Act, with a licensing scheme on intercity routes. The DfT will this year also be involved in an initiative to trial driverless lorries in the UK, with the government preparing to fund the trials as part of plans to speed up lorry deliveries, use less fuel, and cut congestion. One partner at a City law firm comments: ‘Nick Olley is a very good leader. Only a couple of years into his job… he’s making a real success of it.’ Helen Vernon: Chief executive, NHS Litigation Authority Team headcount: 250 Law firms used: Bevan Brittan, BLM, Browne Jacobson, Capsticks, Clyde & Co, DAC Beachcroft, Hempsons, Hill Dickinson, Kennedys, Ward Hadaway, Weightmans The NHS Litigation Authority (NHSLA) appointed Helen Vernon as its chief executive in 2014 to succeed Catherine Dixon, who departed to become chief executive of the Law Society. Beginning her career within the insurance profession, an interest in healthcare claims took her to the Medical Defence Union before joining the NHSLA in its infancy in 1998. Vernon has managed complex and high-profile litigation against the NHS, including the Nationwide Organ Retention group action, where the High Court ruled that hospitals acted unlawfully in removing the organs of dead children without their parents’ permission. The NHSLA is also increasingly contesting additional costs liability in cases where claimants secured legal aid funding prior to the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act reforms in 2012. In these cases, claimants were given legal advice to switch to a conditional fee arrangement and after-the-event insurance model before the reforms were introduced in April 2013. Under Vernon’s leadership, the organisation has saved the NHS more than £107m through challenging claimants’ legal costs leading to an average 33% reduction in bills; and has saved more than £1.2bn by rejecting over 4,000 claims without merit, according to its 2014/15 report. Her agenda since taking leadership relates to managing the costs of clinical negligence levied at the body, figures which are rising. The NHS in England paid out over £1.1bn


Which walking path runs for 42 miles from Osmotherley to Ravenscar?

Walking around Osmotherley and the Cleveland Hills: Walking in North Yorkshire Guidebooks: Trailguides publish Running, Walking and Mountain Biking Guides to Northumberland, Durham and North Yorkshire. WALK 1: MOUNT GRACE PRIORY   Situated slightly to the north west of Osmotherley lies Mount Grace Priory, the finest surviving example in the country of a monastery of the Carthusian order. Now owned by the National Trust and managed by English Heritage, the site is open to visitors and makes an ideal subject for a walk. DISTANCE: 2.5 mile / 4 km. ASCENT: 515 feet / 157 metres. TERRAIN: The route is mainly field paths and tracks with a section going through the woods surrounding the Priory. In places the path may be a bit soft and muddy. There is a steady climb back up out of the woods after visiting the Priory. START: The Market Cross, Osmotherley. GR SE 456 972. TIME: For the walk itself, allow 1 to 1½ hours. However, if you do visit the Priory then you can quite happily add another 2/3 hours, dependent upon how much time you spend exploring the site. DOGS: As the route is on rights of way then dogs are allowed. Unfortunately they are not allowed into Mount Grace Priory itself. ACCESS: This route is all on public rights of way.   Grading is T4 [ D0, N1, T0, R1, H2]   WALK 2: THE STONES OF THIMBLEBY MOOR   In the last walk we visited a site of major religious significance dating back to the Middle Ages. On this walk you will visit another site of possible religious significance but this one being much, much older dating back to man's very early days on the moors.   Located on the northern end of the Hambleton Hills, Thimbleby Moor is a relatively small area of enclosed moorland covered with deep heather. The land rises to an area of higher ground hidden within the forestry plantations of Silton. Near to this high point is a group of standing stones known as the Nine Stones. However, further down the slope towards Oak Dale lie a number of cup and ring marked stones. Unfortunately all but one lie on private land and are not readily accessible. But the one that is, is arguably one of the best examples of rock art found on the North York Moors.   DISTANCE: 3.1 mile / 5 km. ASCENT: 217 feet / 66 metres. START: Square Corner parking space on the moorland road from Osmotherley to Hornby. GR SE 479 959. TIME: For the walk itself, allow 1½ to 2 hours. However, you can easily add on at least another hour dependent upon how much time you spend exploring the two sites. TERRAIN: The first part of this walk is along a decent moorland vehicle track. The second part is totally the opposite involving a walk uphill across pathless moor complete with heather bashing and avoiding the odd "boggy bit". The climbing, although over rough ground which always makes it harder, is more long and steady rather than steep. ACCESS: This route is all on open access land. DOGS: Not allowed on the access land.   Grading is F5 [ D0, N1, T2, R2, H0]     WALK 3:  ARNSGILL & COW RIDGE A walk that follows two ridge lines across the moors and on the way discovers a mysterious prehistoric settlement full of stone cairns, over three hundred of them laid out over the side of the hill.   DISTANCE: 5.6 mile / 9 km ASCENT: 755 feet / 230 metres TERRAIN: Well-surfaced moorland tracks throughout with a short section of road walking both at the start and towards the end of the walk. There are two main climbs on this walk although neither of them are particularly steep, more long and slow. TIME: 3½ to 4 hours. START: Small roadside car park at Low Locker Moor next to the bridge over the River Rye on the road from Osmotherley to Hawnby. GR SE 511 944. DOGS: As the route is all on public rights of way then dogs are allowed although they should be kept under close control. Livestock, mainly sheep, will be encountered throughout the route. There is a lengthy road section at the end of the walk. ACCESS: The route is all on public rights of way. However, if you do explore the old field system on the descent from Iron Howe then you will leave the right of way and will be on acces


In 1959, who led the 26th July revolutionary movement?

26th of July Movement | Cuban history | Britannica.com 26th of July Movement Alternative Title: Movimiento 26 de Julio Similar Topics FARC 26th of July Movement, Spanish Movimiento 26 de Julio, revolutionary movement led by Fidel Castro that overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista in Cuba (1959). Its name commemorates an attack on the Santiago de Cuba army barracks on July 26, 1953. The movement began formally in 1955 when Castro went to Mexico to form a disciplined guerrilla force. The leaders of the movement remaining in Cuba to carry out sabotage and political activities were Frank País, Armando Hart, and Enrique Oltuski. At this time the movement espoused a reform program that included distribution of land to peasants, nationalization of public services, industrialization, honest elections, and mass education. Fidel Castro speaking in Santa Clara, Cuba, during the island’s annual Revolution Day celebration, … Jorge Rey/Getty Images In early 1957, with Castro back in Cuba fighting in the Sierra Maestra , “Civic Resistance” groups were organized in the cities, and numerous middle-class and professional persons gravitated toward Castro. In 1958 the movement joined in a “Junta of Unity” with most other groups opposing Batista. After Castro’s victory, the 26th of July Movement was integrated into the Organizaciones Revolucionarias Integradas in 1961. Learn More in these related articles: Fidel Castro August 13, 1926 near Birán, Cuba political leader of Cuba (1959–2008) who transformed his country into the first communist state in the Western Hemisphere. Castro became a symbol of communist revolution in Latin America. He held the title of premier until 1976 and then began a long... in Cuba: Revolution Batista’s fall resulted as much from internal decay as from the challenges of Fidel Castro’s 26th of July Movement (commemorating Castro’s failed attack on the Moncada military base in Santiago on July 26, 1953) or from the Federation of University Students and other groups opposed to Batista’s rule. Castro had been a legislative candidate for elections in 1952 that were aborted by Batista. His... More about 26th of July Movement 5 References found in Britannica Articles Assorted References history of Cuba  (in Cuba: Revolution ) role of Santamaría Cuadrado  (in Haydée Santamaría Cuadrado ) External Links Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. MEDIA FOR: You have successfully emailed this. Error when sending the email. Try again later. Edit Mode Submit Tips For Editing We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered. Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. Submit Thank You for Your Contribution! Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. Uh Oh There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later. Close Article Title: 26th of July Movement Website Name: Encyclopædia Britannica Date Published: July 26, 2010 URL: https://www.britannica.com/topic/26th-of-July-Movement Access Date: January 02, 2017 Share


In wine making, 'botrytis' is also known as what?

Glossary | Learn Wine | Wine Spectator Direct Matches Botrytis Cinerea: Also known as "noble rot," it is a beneficial mold that grows on ripe wine grapes in the vineyard under specific climatic conditions. The mold dehydrates the grapes, leaving them shriveled and raisinlike and concentrates the sugars and flavors. Wines made from these berries have a rich, complex, honeyed character and are often high in residual sugar. Botrytis contributes the unique, concentrated flavors in such wines as BA and TBA Rieslings from Germany, Sauternes from Bordeaux, Aszú from Hungary’s Tokay district and an assortment of late-harvest wines from other regions. Related Matches Late Harvest: On labels, indicates that a wine was made from grapes picked later than normal and at a higher sugar (Brix) level than normal. Usually associated with botrytized and dessert-style wines. Noble Rot: Also known by its scientific name, Botrytis cinerea, noble rot is a beneficial mold that grows on ripe wine grapes in the vineyard under specific climatic conditions. The mold dehydrates the grapes, leaving them shriveled and raisinlike and concentrates the sugars and flavors. Wines made from these berries have a rich, complex, honeyed character and are often high in residual sugar. Noble rot contributes the unique, concentrated flavors in such wines as BA and TBA Riesling from Germany, Sauternes from Bordeaux, Aszu from Hungary’s Tokay district and an assortment of late-harvest wines from other regions. Beerenauslese (BA): German classification based on the ripeness level and sugar content of the grapes. Beerenauslesen are made from individually selected grapes that are very ripe. Usually these grapes have been affected by Botrytis cinerea, or noble rot, further concentrating their high sugars. These wines are rare and costly. Edelfäule: German term for Botrytis cinerea, or noble rot. Trockenbeerenauslese (TBA): German classification based on the ripeness level and sugar content of the grapes. Trockenbeerenauslese means literally "dry berry selection." This very sweet dessert wine is made from individually selected shriveled grapes that have the highest sugar levels with flavors concentrated further by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, or noble rot. Trockenbeerenauslesen rank among the greatest sweet wines in the world. Gray Rot: Gray rot sets in when the fruit fungus Botrytis cinerea, as a result of persistent wet, humid conditions, overruns a crop and destroys the fruit. Fruit afflicted with gray rot appears to be covered in a carpet of gray fur. Eszencia: Turkish dessert wine classification for Tokaji made from the free-run juice of individually picked, botrytized aszú berries. Aszú: Hungarian dessert wine classification for Tokaji made from individually picked, botrytized grapes. Trie: French term for sorting and harvesting the best grapes. In Sauternes, Barsac and other regions where sweet dessert wines are made, pickers will often make multiple tries through the vineyard, harvesting only grapes that have been properly afflicted with the sugar-concentrating fungus Botrytis cinerea, or noble rot. Sélection de Grains Nobles: Dessert wine classification used primarily in France's Alsace region. Sélection de Grains Nobles is the highest classification level for sweet wines made from botrytized grapes in Alsace. Vendange Tardive: Dessert wine classification used primarily in France's Alsace region. Vendange Tardives, or "late harvest," sweet wines are made from grapes left to dehydrate on the vine before harvest; the category indicates a level of sweetness below that of Sélection de Grains Nobles.


Which sportsman did tennis,player Chris Evert marry in 2008?

Chris Evert - Biography - IMDb Chris Evert Jump to: Overview  (4) | Mini Bio  (1) | Spouse  (3) | Trivia  (21) | Personal Quotes  (4) Overview (4) 5' 6¼" (1.68 m) Mini Bio (1) Chris Evert was born on December 21, 1954 in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA as Christine Marie Evert. She is an actress, known for Celebration (1981), Wimbledon '85 (1985) and Burt Bacharach in Shangri-La (1973). She was previously married to Greg Norman , Andy Mill and John Lloyd . Spouse (3) ( 17 April  1979      - 17 April  1987) (divorced) Trivia (21) Sons with Andy Mill : Alexander James (b. October 12, 1991), Nicholas Joseph (b. June 8, 1994), and Colton Jack (b. June 14, 1996). She is a vegetarian. Fourth player elected unanimously to the Tennis Hall of Fame (1995). Appeared in 52 semi-finals of the 56 grand slam event (1974-1986). Tennis commentator for NBC. Won the French Open (1974, 75, 79, 80, 83, 85 and 86). Won the US Open (1975, 76, 77, 78, 80, 82). Won Wimbledon (1974, 76 and 81). Won the Australian Open (1982 and 84). Associated Press Female Athlete of the Year 1974, 1975, 1977 & 1980 Named by PEOPLE magazine in 1980 as the "Sexiest Female Athlete" Reader poll in Penthouse's FORUM magazine awarded her the "loveliest legs in the world". Was reputed among the players to have had the best repertoire of dirty jokes at the time on the WTA tour. Graduate of St. Thomas Aquinas High School, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. Class of 1973 where she was voted "Most Likely to Succeed." Owns the highest winning percentage in pro tennis history (.900; 1304-144) Once engaged to Jimmy Connors . Is mentioned as the leading character's dream woman on The Barbarian Invasions (2003). Inadvertantly made headlines when Jim Everett assaulted Jim Rome during an interview when Rome, who had been mocking the quarterback by calling him "Chris Everett" on his radio show, called him "Chris Everett" to his face. (6 April 1994). (December 14) Confirmed at a news conference that she and Greg Norman are engaged. [2007] Release of her autobiography, "Chrissie: My Own Story". [1982] Release of the book, "The Rivals: Chris Evert vs. Martina Navratilova - Their Epic Duels and Extraordinary Friendships" by Johnette Howard. [2005] Personal Quotes (4) When informed that British tabloid The Daily Mirror had proclaimed she "has the best boobs in the business"; It's high time the press finally got one thing right about me. I love hiking in the mountains in Aspen. Breathing the clean, fresh air is great. Plus, it gives me a cardiovascular workout and firms my legs. On asked to select a favorite workout. Let's not get carried away here. In fact, feel free to tell your readers that I still have all my teeth. [on tennis champion, Li Na] Li Na is a maverick. Who else would stand up to the centralized Chinese sports system as Li did, back in 2008, when she pushed for more control over her career? Tennis has exploded in China. 116 million people watched Li win the French Open. That kind of exposure is crucial to our sport, and it never would have happened without Li. She's such a breath of fresh air. And like Billie Jean King and Martina Navratilova before her, Li Na has transcended her sport. See also


The Battle of Blenheim,1704, is described as the turning point in which war?'

Battle of Blenheim in the War of Spanish Succession 56,000 men, 90 guns Battle of Blenheim - Background: In 1704, King Louis XIV of France sought to knock the Holy Roman Empire out of the War of Spanish Succession by capturing its capital, Vienna . Eager to keep the Empire in the Grand Alliance (England, Habsburg Empire, Dutch Republic, Portugal, Spain, & the Duchy of Savoy), the Duke of Marlborough made plans to intercept the French and Bavarian forces before they could reach Vienna. Executing a brilliant campaign of disinformation and movement, Marlborough was able to shift his army from the Low Countries to the Danube in only five weeks, placing himself between the enemy and the Imperial capital. Reinforced by Prince Eugène of Savoy, Marlborough encountered the combined French and Bavarian army of Marshall Tallard along the banks of the Danube near the village of Blenheim. Separated from the Allies by a small stream and marsh known as the Nebel, Tallard arrayed his forces in a four mile-long line from the Danube north towards the hills and woods of the Swabian Jura. Anchoring the line were the villages of Lutzingen (left), Oberglau (center), and Blenheim (right). On the Allied side, Marlborough and Eugène had decided to attack Tallard on August 13. Battle of Blenheim - Marlborough Attacks: Assigning Prince Eugène to take Lutzingen, Marlborough ordered Lord John Cutts to attack Blenheim at 1:00 PM. Cutts repeatedly assaulted the village, but was unable to secure it. Though the attacks were not successful, they caused the French commander, Clérambault, to panic and order the reserves into the village. This mistake robbed Tallard of his reserve force and negated the slight numerical advantage he possessed over Marlborough. Seeing this error, Marlborough altered his orders to Cutts, instructing him to simply contain the French in the village. At the opposite end of the line, Prince Eugène was having little success against the Bavarian forces defending Lutzingen, despite having launched multiple assaults. With Tallard's forces pinned down on the flanks, Marlborough pushed forward an attack on the French center. After heavy initial fighting, Marlborough was able to defeat Tallard's cavalry and routed the remaining French infantry. With no reserves, Tallard's line broke and his troops began fleeing towards Höchstädt. They were joined in their flight by the Bavarians from Lutzingen. Trapped in Blenheim, Clérambault's men continued the fight until 9:00 PM when over 10,000 of them surrendered. As the French fled southwest, a group of Hessian troops managed to capture Marshall Tallard, who was to spend the next seven years in captivity in England. Battle of Blenheim - Aftermath & Impact: In the fighting at Blenheim, the Allies lost 4,542 killed and 7,942 wounded, while the French and Bavarians suffered approximately 20,000 killed and wounded as well as 14,190 captured. The Duke of Marlborough's victory at Blenheim ended the French threat to Vienna and removed the aura of invincibility that surrounded the armies of Louis XIV. The battle was a turning point in the War of Spanish Succession, ultimately leading to the Grand Alliance's victory and an end of French hegemony over Europe.


In which Dickens novel would you find a lawyer named Jaggers?

Great Expectations by Charles Dickens. Search eText, Read Online, Study, Discuss. Estella's Feelings for Pip Hi! I'm writing an essay on Estella's character development, and I want to know what other people think about an interaction between Estella and Pip. Towards the end of Chapter 44 (XLIV), Pip and Estella share the following exchange:  I know,ï¿½ said I, in answer to that action; ï¿½I know. I have no hope that I shall ever call you mine, Estella. I am ignorant what may become of me very soon, how poor I may be, or where I may go. Still, I love you. I have loved you ever since I first saw you in this house.ï¿½ Looking at me perfectly unmoved and with her fingers busy, she shook her head again. ï¿½It would have been cruel in Miss Havisham, horribly cruel, to practise on the susceptibility of a poor boy, and to torture me through all these years with a vain hope and an idle pursuit, if she had reflected on the gravity of what she did. But I think she did not. I think that in the endurance of her own trial, she forgot mine, Estella.ï¿½ I saw Miss Havisham put her hand to her heart and hold it there, as she sat looking by turns at Estella and at me. ï¿½It seems,ï¿½ said Estella, very calmly, ï¿½that there are sentiments, fanciesï¿½I donï¿½t know how to call themï¿½which I am not able to comprehend. When you say you love me, I know what you mean, as a form of words; but nothing more. You address nothing in my breast, you touch nothing there. I donï¿½t care for what you say at all. I have tried to warn you of this; now, have I not?ï¿½ I said in a miserable manner, ï¿½Yes.ï¿½ ï¿½Yes. But you would not be warned, for you thought I did not mean it. Now, did you not think so?ï¿½ ï¿½I thought and hoped you could not mean it. You, so young, untried, and beautiful, Estella! Surely it is not in Nature.ï¿½ ï¿½It is in my nature,ï¿½ she returned. And then she added, with a stress upon the words, ï¿½It is in the nature formed within me. I make a great difference between you and all other people when I say so much. I can do no more.ï¿½ ... ï¿½On whom should I fling myself away?ï¿½ she retorted, with a smile. ï¿½Should I fling myself away upon the man who would the soonest feel (if people do feel such things) that I took nothing to him? There! It is done. I shall do well enough, and so will my husband. As to leading me into what you call this fatal step, Miss Havisham would have had me wait, and not marry yet; but I am tired of the life I have led, which has very few charms for me, and I am willing enough to change it. Say no more. We shall never understand each other.ï¿½ ï¿½Such a mean brute, such a stupid brute!ï¿½ I urged in despair. ï¿½Donï¿½t be afraid of my being a blessing to him,ï¿½ said Estella; ï¿½I shall not be that. Come! Here is my hand. Do we part on this, you visionary boyï¿½or man?ï¿½ ï¿½O Estella!ï¿½ I answered, as my bitter tears fell fast on her hand, do what I would to restrain them; ï¿½even if I remained in England and could hold my head up with the rest, how could I see you Drummleï¿½s wife?ï¿½ ï¿½Nonsense,ï¿½ she returned, ï¿½nonsense. This will pass in no time.ï¿½ ï¿½Never, Estella!ï¿½ ï¿½You will get me out of your thoughts in a week.ï¿½ I know Estella is a cold character and doesn't love Pip, but does this passage show she cares for him? Particularly in "'Nonsense,' she returned... in a week'", I think she does feel a little bad for Pip, and is almost trying to convince herself that Pip doesn't love her. Even more so in when she gives him her hand, Estella acts like she does care for Pip, just not romantically. I'm not entirely sure if that's what Dickens intended for the takeaway to be, though, so I'd like to know what anyone else thinks! Also excuse my possibly confusing sentence structure; I'm writing an essay, and my brain is fried. Thank you!! Posted By hamleit at Sun 1 May 2016, 7:09 PM in Great Expectations || 1 Reply A bit of confusion I've just started reading Great Expectations, and so far am enjoying it. However, there is a particular sentence I'm having a terrible amount of trouble decipherin


For which film did Sean Penn win an Oscar in 2009?

Oscars 2009: Sean Penn wins best actor for Milk - Telegraph Oscars Oscars 2009: Sean Penn wins best actor for Milk Sean Penn has won the Oscar for best actor for his portrayal of a slain San  Francisco gay rights activist in the film Milk. Link to this video 5:40AM GMT 23 Feb 2009 Penn, 48, picked up the second Oscar of his career, beating the favourite Mickey Rourke. He used his acceptance speech to call for equal rights for the gay community. "You commie, homo-loving, sons of guns," the sharp-tongued Penn told the audience as he collected his award. "I did not expect this and...I know how hard I make it to appreciate me." The straight actor's portrayal of an openly gay politician was a timely one - with "Milk" coming out shortly after California's same-sex couples lost their right to marry in a voter referendum. "I think it is a good time for those who voted for the ban against gay marriage to sit and reflect and anticipate their great shame and the shame in their grandchildren's eyes if they continue that way," Penn said. "We've got to have equal rights for everyone." Related Articles Oscars 2009: Kate Winslet and Meryl Streep battle for best actress award 22 Feb 2009 Penn, who has a tough guy image dating back to his early career scrapes with the paparazzi, convincingly evoked the legendary charm of Milk, who was shot to death in 1978 at San Francisco City Hall. "He came in kind of ready made" for the role, openly gay "Milk" director Gus Van Sant said. In presenting Penn as a nominee, storied actor Robert de Niro joked: "How, for so many years, did Sean Penn get all those straight roles?" This year's best actor race was thought to be a battle between Penn and Mickey Rourke, an actor who scored a remarkable career comeback as an aging athlete trying to remain in the ring in "The Wrestler." "Mickey Rourke rises again," Penn said. "And he is my brother." Penn won the Screen Actors Guild award for best actor earlier this year and a slew of critics' prizes. The Oscar nomination for "Milk" was his fifth in the best actor category. Start your free 30 day Amazon Prime trial»


What name is given to the largest side of a right-angled triangle?

Naming the Sides of a Right-Angled Triangle Year 10 Interactive Maths - Second Edition Naming the Sides of a Right-Angled Triangle The side opposite the right angle is called the hypotenuse.  It is the largest side of a right-angled triangle. If you stand at A in the triangle ABC, the side BC is opposite to you and the side AB is next to you.  We          therefore say that BC is the opposite side to angle A and AB is the adjacent side to angle A. Notation If you have trouble remembering the definitions, just remember SOH           CAH TOA. Using a Graphics Calculator If you have a TI-83 graphics calculator, select Degree from the MODE menu and set Float to 4 to obtain the answers correct to 4 decimal places.  Press QUIT to return to the Home Screen and clear the          screen if necessary. If you are using another calculator, consult its instruction booklet or          ask your teacher how you can set its Mode to 'Degree mode' and the decimal          places display to 4 places. Example 1 Evaluate the following to 4 decimal places: Solution: This is abbreviated as follows: Example 2 Note: Key Terms


Landmarks such as Angel's Landing, Three Patriarchs and The Great White Throne are to be found in which American National Park? '

Landmarks Zion National Park - Zion National Park Landmarks Zion National Park    Lodging    Zion Info   Vacation    Weather   Photos     Hike    Slot Canyons     Backpack     Camping    Zion National Park Landmarks Landmarks rise sharply from the steppe within the boundaries of Utah's most visited park, Zion       National Park . Extraordinary columns of vertical rock, formed millions of      years ago, provide today's brilliant display of sandstone . Early pioneers gave biblical names to many of Zion's great monoliths. The names Angels Landing , Great White Throne, Three Patriarchs, Cathedral Mountain, West Temple, East Temple , Altar of Sacrifice and the Temple of Sinawava are all reminders of Zion's early beginnings. In 1918 the existing name of Mukuntuweap National Monument was changed to Zion National Monument. A year later the Monument was proclaimed a National Park. Angels        Landing - Who could have ever conceived of such a trail as this, it is like an island in the sky often surrounded by low lying clouds. The         actual path is a half-mile of narrow rock protruding out of Cathedral Mountain.         Angels Landing is a rival for the best known landmark in Zion National Park,         the Great White Throne. Climbers scale the big wall, hikers walk         the steep path leading to the narrow and arduous fin and sightseers stand in         awe at its stunning nobility .A group of four men, F. Fisher, V Fischer, E. Bingham and C. Hirshi were exploring Zion in 1916 when upon looking up at the great monolith, Frederick Fisher exclaimed, "only an angel could land on it," and the name Angels Landing stuck. Another name considered for Angels Landing was "El         Gobernador," a Spanish term to honor William Spry. Later, Spry      Canyon , a technical slot canyon, was named in his honor instead. Elevation: 5785 feet. Great White Throne - The Great White Throne is an impressive monolith rising more than 2400 feet above the         canyon floor. The Zion         Canyon Shuttle stops         at a viewpoint for the Great White Throne and the nearby Organ. There are no         trails to the top of it, but the magnificent white topped         monolith is perhaps the most famous of all Zion's landmarks. Even historic brochures often used a photo of it as the cover. W.         H. W. Evans was the first to climb the Great White Throne. The attempt was made         on June 27, 1927, but he fell on the climb down. Hidden Canyon was discovered during the rescue and as a result the East Rim Trail         leading to Hidden Canyon was built. The name, Great White Throne, was         given by the same Methodist minister, Frederick Fisher, that also named Angels Landing and the Three Patriarchs. Fisher felt that the monolith was magnificent enough       to symbolize the throne of God.  Elevation:       6744 feet.                 Directions to Zion National Park From the North: Travel I-15 south, past Beaver. exit on Hwy 20. Follow US-89 to Mount Carmel Junction . Take SR-9 to Zion's east entrance. From Arizona: Travel US- 89A through Fredonia, Arizona and Kanab Utah. Follow US-89 to Mount Carmel Junction. Take SR-9 to the east park entrance. From the South: Travel I-15 north. Take exit 16 and travel through Hurricane to LaVerkin. Continue on SR-9 to the south entrance of the park. SR-9 through Zion National Park is always open and is also called the Zion-Mt. Carmel Highway. See restrictions for RV' s.   Zion Photo: Author of the site, Tanya Milligan on Observation Point, where many of Zion's most famous landmarks can be seen including Angels Landing, Cathedral Mountain,  Castle Dome, Three Patriarchs, Cable Mountain, Great  White Throne, and the Watchman.   Lodging and services are available on the gorgeous east side of Zion National Park, where guests are close to Zion National Park (12 miles), Bryce Canyon National Park (60 miles), Cedar Breaks National Monum


Which defence structures, originally against Napoleon, were inspired by the Corsican original?

Kingdoms of Italy - Corsi (Corsica)   Corsica Corsica has usually been accounted as part of Italy ,   although today it forms part of France .   The island, in the western Mediterranean, has been occupied since the   Palaeolithic period, but like its southern neighbour, Sardinia , its early   inhabitants were strongly influenced by various ancient invaders and   colonists. The island is mountainous, with only about a third of its surface   providing relatively accessible land for farming and habitation. The   oldest-known site of habitation on the island is the Coscia Grotto,   where stone tools were found. The Mesolithic (9000-6000 BC) seems to   have witnessed an expansion, with several sites having been discovered   across the island which bear similarities to contemporary Sardinian   culture. Occupation of the island in the Neolithic (6000-3000 BC) seems   to have been impermanent at first, but a new wave of arrivals between   5000-4000 BC introduced cattle and farming, along with permanent   settlement. The Torrean culture of the Bronze Age (3000-700 BC) built   'torri', towers and constructed rough figures armed with Mycenaean -style weapons.   Some of the figures bear marked similarities to the Shardana of the thirteenth century BC, and these people were probably the direct   ancestors (at least in part) of the later Iron Age Corsi natives. Corsi   (Italics) The so-called West Indo-European tribes arrived at the eastern edge of Central Europe around 2500 BC.   Their northern group became the   proto- Celts of the Urnfield culture while the southern group seemingly migrated   westwards and southwards, reaching Illyria and northern Italy .   Already divided further into semi-isolated tribes, they became more   civilised in habits and technologies due to contact with southern   Greeks and Etruscans .   In the eleventh to eighth centuries BC, some of those groups in   Illyria crossed by sea into the Italian peninsula and settled along   the south-eastern coast. Those in the north Italian piedmont gradually   migrated southwards to occupy much of the rest of eastern and central   Italy. These tribes all formed part of a general group called Italics. The Corsi were a group of Italics who settled on the island of Corsica,   which is usually accounted as part of ancient Italy. Their Iron Age   home on the western edge of the Tyrrhenian Sea was neighboured by the Sardi to the south.   The early people of Sardinia probably migrated onto the island from Italy via Corsica, so it would seem   likely that some of those Italian migrants remained on Corsica, forming a   society that was very similar to that on Sardinia. The Ligurians are often held to be the ancestors of many of the western   Mediterranean's early populations in much the same way as the Pelasgians were held by   the ancient Greeks to be the original inhabitants of Greece. While one   recent DNA survey has supported a Corsican-Sardinian link, the other   has formed quite the opposite view, suggesting that the Corsicans and   Sardinians were of different origins. It proposed that the people of   Tuscany bear the closest affiliation to Corsicans, judged to be a   Neolithic connection which introduced the first permanent settlements.   More work in this field is needed to produce a definitive result. During the first millennium BC, the island very quickly came to be   dominated by the Phoenicians and Carthaginians ,   at least along the coastline. On Sardinia, the natives responded from   about 1500 BC by building their settlements around nuraghi,   round tower fortresses which sat inside additional fortifications.   Around the margins of the settlements, on vantage points, minor nuraghi were built to act as forward posts. It is these   fortress-building people, both on Sardinia and Corsica, who are often   identified as the Shardana of the thirteenth century. (Additional information by Edward Dawson, and from The Roman His