In English place names what is the meaning of 'bourne' as in Sittingboume?

The meaning of the town’s name The meaning of the town’s name Home / History / The History of Sittingbourne / The meaning of the town’s name The history of any town in regard to its location is generally encapsulated in its name but the exact meaning of Sittingbourne has been lost with the passing of time so all we are left with is assumption and conjecture. There is a delightful local myth however that the town took its name from the fact that travellers stopped here to bathe their aching feet in the stream that crossed the road here, hence the name ‘Sitting-by-the-bourne’. But it really is just a fanciful myth. On a more serious note we have a choice of meanings of the word ‘Sittingbourne’. In their 1960s town guide the Urban District Council suggested the town’s name simply derived from a Saxon tribe, the Sydingas who settled here on the banks of a bourne or stream. This is interesting because the element ‘ingas’ has Celtic origins and means ‘belonging to’ or ‘the place of’. Our interpretation has moved on considerably in the intervening 40-odd years and there are now several possibilities to consider, each an intriguing and interesting hypothesis, but none of which can be fully substantiated. Alan Abbey is convinced there is little doubt the town had its origins in the Anglo-Saxon period when ‘Saeda’ or ‘Ceda’ was a common name element so it can be presumed that Sittingbourne acquired its name at that time and that the stream flowing through the settlement played an important role in naming it. In support of this Alan refers to a reference to ‘Sidyngbourn’ which can be found in Saxon documents dated A.D. 989 as well as in contemporary records of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Judith Glover mentions the town in her book The Place Names of Kent when she spelt it ‘Saedingaburne’ and suggested it translated to ‘the stream of the slope dwellers’. Yes, the town had a stream and yes, it was partly on a slope. Ms Glover’s suggestion is endorsed by the Oxford Dictionary of Placenames which spells the name as Sidingeburn and dates it to AD 1200. Another book, The Dover Road (Charles G. Harper, 1895) discounts any reference to a Saxon chieftain and instead suggests the town’s name derives from the Saxon word for a seething or babbling brook, which is too simplistic for my liking. However, as it can no longer be said with any certainty which, if any, of these hypotheses is correct, by combining them we start to get a picture of a group of Saxons sitting by, or guarding, a stream that crossed Watling Street, but to what end? Might it have been a ford that they were controlling? A ford would be considered a major resource and ownership highly prized for taxes and control of movement.


In mathematics what name is given to the portion of a circle between the centre and two points on the circumference?

What Is Circle?       What Is Circle? Circle is the locus of points equidistant from a given point, the center of the circle. The common distance from the center of the circle to its points is called radius. Thus a circle is completely defined by its center (O) and radius (R): C(O, R) = O(R) = {x: dist(O, x) = R}. This definition that appears so natural to a 21st century reasonably educated person is markedly different from the one given by Euclid (Definition I.15). In Sir Heath's translation: A circle is a plane figure contained by one line such that all the straight lines falling upon it from one point among those lying within the figure are equal to one another. And in the translation by Robert Simson : A circle is a plane figure contained by one line, which is called circumference, and is such, that all straight lines drawn from a certain point within the figure to the circumference, are equal to one another. As an extra, comes Definition I.16: And the point is called the center of the circle. What is so different between our definition and Euclid's? Strange as it may seem, Euclid did not have a notion of metric or a distance function. Nowhere in the Elements he refers to a distance between two points, but only to the length of the line segment joining the two. The whole of geometry has been developed without the idea of a 2d-distance! And so it does not seem to be necessary. The definition we gave which is the most common nowadays is the outgrowth of the culture permeated by analytic geometry. Ironically, in the modern terminology being Euclidean exactly means being in possession of a suitable metric. Euclid might have objected. Now, returning to the 21st century, our definition is meaningful in any metric space . For some metrics the circles may look rather square . However, a circle looks like a circle in Euclidean geometry . Although the Euclidean circle has much to recommend it for, long, long ago Piet Hein has discovered that circles in the metric dist((x1, y1), (x2, y2)) = ((x1 - x2)5/2 + (y1 - y2)5/2)2/5 are more pleasant to the eye than the Euclidean ones. For square circles, it is relatively simple to define their length as the sum of lengths of the constituent sides. The length of the Euclidean (ordinary) circle may be approximately measured to any precision with a variety of means. A rigorous definition, nonetheless, requires a theory of limits - the fundamental notion in Calculus . The length of a circle is usually called its circumference and is equal 2πR, where R is the radius of the circle. The area enclosed by the circle can also be computed with a simple formula: πR². In any affine space endowed with a metric, all circles are similar. Which does not mean there is similarity between circles in various metric spaces. But which does mean that, however defined, the ratio of the circumference to the radius of circles in a given metric space is constant. It may vary between spaces, though. In Euclidean space, the ratio equals 2p, named so by L. Euler. The most common tool for constructing (Euclidean) circles is the venerable compass. But there are of course other ways. The inversion can be used to convert circular motion into rectilinear and vice versa. A circle is also traced by the point common to two lighthouse beams rotating at the same angular speed. The midpoint of a ladder sliding down a wall also traces a circle. Circle is also the locus of points having the same ratio of distances to a pair of points . Circle (a part of it actually) is also the locus of points from which a given line segment is seen under a given angle. The line joining the center of the circle to one of its points is often called the radius-vector of that point, or just one of the radii. Likewise, the word diameter is used in two different, but close meanings. On one hand, diameter is the largest distance between any two points on a circle. As such, it equals twice the radius of the circle. For a given circle, there is exactly one and only one diameter. On the other hand, the word "diameter" designates a line segment joining a p


Who had number one hits with 'Genie in a Bottle' in 1999 and 'Lady Marmalade' in 2001?

Christina Aguilera | Genius @TheRealXtina About Christina Aguilera Christina María Aguilera (born December 18, 1980) is an American singer-songwriter, record producer and actress. Born in Staten Island, New York and raised in Wexford, Pennsylvania, she made her first publicity appearances on television shows as a child, including on Star Search and The Mickey Mouse Club. In 1998, Aguilera signed a contract with RCA Records after recording “Reflection” for Mulan. A year later, Aguilera debuted her self-titled debut studio album, which gained international success and spawned three number-one hits, “Genie in a Bottle”, “What a Girl Wants” and “Come On Over Baby (All I Want Is You)”. Her two next studio albums, Mi Reflejo (2000) and My Kind of Christmas (2001), were certified triple platinum and achieved moderate success worldwide Popular Christina Aguilera songs


In what year did the Relief of Mafeking take place during the Boer War?

The Siege of Mafeking - The Boer War The Boer War War: The Boer War Date: 14th October 1899 to 16th May 1900. Place: Mafeking lies on the railway north to Rhodesia in   the Northern tip of Cape Colony in South Africa near to the   Bechuanaland border. Combatants: British against the Boers. Generals: Colonel Robert Baden-Powell against General   Cronje and from November 1899 General Snyman. Size of the armies: 1,500 British colonial troops against   initially7,500 Boers reduced in November 1899 to 1,500. Uniforms, arms and equipment: The Boer War was a serious   jolt for the British Army. At the outbreak of the war British   tactics were appropriate for the use of single shot firearms, fired   in volleys controlled by company and battalion officers; the troops   fighting in close order. The need for tight formations had been   emphasised time and again in colonial fighting. In the Zulu and   Sudan Wars overwhelming enemy numbers armed principally with   stabbing weapons were easily kept at a distance by such tactics;   but, as at Isandlwana, would overrun a loosely formed force. These   tactics had to be entirely rethought in battle against the Boers   armed with modern weapons. In the months before hostilities the Boer commandant general,   General Joubert, bought 30,000 Mauser magazine rifles and a number   of modern field guns and automatic weapons from the German armaments   manufacturer Krupp and the French firm Creusot. The commandoes,   without formal discipline, welded into a fighting force through a   strong sense of community and dislike for the British. Field Cornets   led burghers by personal influence not through any military code.   The Boers did not adopt military formation in battle, instinctively   fighting from whatever cover there might be. The preponderance were   countrymen, running their farms from the back of a pony with a rifle   in one hand. These rural Boers brought a life time of marksmanship   to the war, an important edge, further exploited by Joubert’s   consignment of magazine rifles. Viljoen is said to have coined the   aphorism “Through God and the Mauser”. With strong fieldcraft skills   and high mobility the Boers were natural mounted infantry. The urban   burghers and foreign volunteers readily adopted the fighting methods   of the rest of the army. Other than in the regular uniformed Staats Artillery and police   units, the Boers wore their every day civilian clothes on campaign. After the first month the Boers lost their numerical superiority,   spending the rest of the formal war on the defensive against British   forces that regularly outnumbered them. British tactics, little changed from the Crimea, used at Modder   River, Magersfontein, Colenso and Spion Kop were incapable of   winning battles against entrenched troops armed with modern magazine   rifles. Every British commander made the same mistake; Buller;   Methuen, Roberts and Kitchener. When General Kelly-Kenny attempted   to winkle Cronje’s commandoes out of their riverside entrenchments   at Paardeburg using his artillery, Kitchener intervened and insisted   on a battle of infantry assaults; with the same disastrous   consequences as Colenso, Modder River, Magersfontein and Spion Kop. Some of the most successful British troops were the non-regular   regiments; the City Imperial Volunteers, the South Africans,   Canadians, Australians and New Zealanders, who more easily broke   from the habit of traditional European warfare, using their horses   for transport rather than the charge, advancing by fire and   manouevre in loose formations and making use of cover, rather than   the formal advance into a storm of Mauser bullets. Uniform: The British regiments made an uncertain change into   khaki uniforms in the years preceding the Boer War, with the topee   helmet as tropical headgear. Highland regiments in Natal devised   aprons to conceal coloured kilts and sporrans. By the end of the war   the uniform of choice was a slouch


'Relight my Fire' was a number one in 1993 for Take That with which female singer?

Take That - Listen to Free Music by Take That on Pandora Internet Radio more Take That As the most popular teen pop sensation in Britain since the '60s, Take That ruled the U.K. charts during the first half of the '90s. In strict commercial terms, the band sold more records than any English act since the Beatles , though the cultural and musical importance was significantly less substantial. Conceived as a British answer to New Kids on the Block , Take That initially worked the same territory as their American counterparts, singing watered-down new jack R&B, urban soul, and mainstream pop. Eventually, the group worked its way toward Hi-NRG dance music, while also pursuing an adult contemporary ballad direction. Take That's boyish good looks guaranteed them a significant portion of the teenybopper audience, but in a bizarre twist, most of their videos and promotional photos had a strong homosexual undercurrent -- they were marketed to preteen girls and a kitschy gay audience simultaneously. Take That were also able to make inroads in the adult audience in Britain through Gary Barlow 's melodic, sensitive ballads. For nearly five years, Take That's popularity was unsurpassed in Britain, as they racked up a total of seven number one hits. By the middle of the decade, however, all of the members were entering their mid-twenties and became disenchanted with each other. Furthermore, the pop music tastes in Britain were shifting toward the classic guitar pop sounds of Brit-pop bands like Blur and Oasis , who were able to appeal to both the indie rock and teen pop audience. Consequently, the group called it quits in 1996, as Oasis began to surpass Take That both in terms of sales and cultural impact. Nevertheless, Take That remained one of the most interesting and popular British teen pop phenomena of the '90s, and a reunion in 2005 helped rejuvenate the group's commercial success. Gary Barlow (born January 20, 1971) was always the central figure of Take That, serving as both lead vocalist and chief songwriter. Barlow had spent his childhood focused on music, and by the age of 14, he was playing organ in Ken Dodd 's supporting band. One of Barlow's first songs, "Let's Pray for Christmas," was a finalist in an original Christmas song competition on the BBC TV show Pebble Mill. In his late teens, he came in contact with Mark Owen (born January 27, 1974) and Robbie Williams (born February 13, 1974), two other young musicians who came from middle-class backgrounds. Williams ' father was a comedian and his mother was a singer; before the formation of Take That, he had briefly appeared in the British soap opera Brookside. Meanwhile, Owen had previously tried out for the football team Manchester United but he didn't make the cut. The trio formed the Cutest Rush, which had a short-lived career. Record producer/manager Nigel Martin Smith had the intention of putting together a British pop group in the vein of New Kids on the Block , and approached the members of the Cutest Rush. Barlow, Owen, and Williams agreed, and along with Jason Orange (born July 10, 1970) and Howard Donald (born April 28, 1968) -- two former members of a breakdancing troupe called Street Beat -- they became Take That in 1990. After a few brief tours through gay English nightclubs, Take That released their debut single, "Do What U Like," on their independent Dance U.K. label in July of 1991. "Do What U Like" became a minor sensation, primarily because the video was quite suggestive and featured the band's bare behinds. The single caused enough uproar for RCA Records to sign the group in the fall of 1991, and their first single for the label, "Promises," scraped the Top 40 by the end of the year. In early 1992, Take That underwent a Safe Sex club tour to support their third single, "Once You've Tasted Love," but the record only reached number 47. The band didn't break into the big time until that summer, when its cover of Tavares ' "It Only Takes a Minute" reached number seven. Following the single's success, Take That became a British media sensation, thus setting t


In shipping weather forecasting regarding wind direction, what is the opposite term to 'veering'?

Glossary - NOAA's National Weather Service In probability of precipitation statements, usually equivalent to a 20 percent chance. Slight Risk (of severe thunderstorms)- Severe thunderstorms are expected to affect between 2 and 5  percent of the area. A slight risk generally implies that severe weather events are expected to be isolated. Sling Psychrometer An instrument used to measure the water vapor content of the atmosphere in which wet and dry bulb thermometers are mounted on a frame connected to a handle at one end by means of a bearing or a length of chain. The psychrometer is whirled by hand to provide the necessary ventilation to evaporate water from the wet bulb. SLO Slow SLOSH (Sea, Lake and Overland Surges from Hurricanes) - A computer model run by the National Hurricane Center (NHC) to estimate storm surge heights resulting from historical, hypothetical, or predicted hurricanes by taking into account pressure, size, forward speed, track, and winds. SLP 2) Sum total for month SMA The Soil Moisture Accounting Model. Small Craft There is no precise definition for small craft. Any vessel that may be adversely affected by Small Craft Advisory criteria should be considered a small craft. Other considerations include the experience of the vessel operator, and the type, overall size, and sea worthiness of the vessel. See Small Craft Advisory. Small Craft Advisory (SCA) - An advisory issued by coastal and Great Lakes Weather Forecast Offices (WFO) for areas included in the Coastal Waters Forecast or Nearshore Marine Forecast (NSH) products. Thresholds governing the issuance of small craft advisories are specific to geographic areas. A Small Craft Advisory may also be issued when sea or lake ice exists that could be hazardous to small boats. There is no precise definition of a small craft. Any vessel that may be adversely affected by Small Craft Advisory criteria should be considered a small craft. Other considerations include the experience of the vessel operator, and the type, overall size, and sea worthiness of the vessel.     * Eastern (ME..SC, Lake Erie, Lake Ontario) - Sustained winds or frequent gusts ranging between 25 and 33 knots (except 20 to 25 knots, lower threshold area dependent, to 33 knots for harbors, bays, etc.) and/or seas or waves 5 to 7 feet and greater, area dependent.    * Central (MN..OH) - Sustained winds or frequent gusts (on the Great Lakes) between 22 and 33 knots inclusive, and/or seas or waves greater than 4 feet.    * Southern (GA..TX and Caribbean) - Sustained winds of 20 to 33 knots, and/or forecast seas 7 feet or greater that are expected for more than 2 hours.    * Western (WA..CA) - Sustained winds of 21 to 33 knots, and/or wave heights exceeding 10 feet (or wave steepness values exceeding local thresholds    * Alaska (AK) - Sustained winds or frequent gusts of 23 to 33 knots. A small craft advisory for rough seas may be issued for sea/wave conditions deemed locally significant, based on user needs, and should be no lower than 8 feet.    * Pacific - (HI, Guam, etc) - Sustained winds 25 knots or greater and seas 10 feet or greater; except in Guam and the northern Mariana Islands where it is sustained winds 22 to 33 knots and/or combined seas of 10 feet or greater.   "Frequent gusts"are typically long duration conditions (greater than 2 hours).  For a list of NWS Weather Offices by Region, refer to the following website: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/organization.php Small Craft Advisory for Hazardous Seas (SCAHS) - An advisory for wind speeds lower than small craft advisory criteria, yet waves or seas are potentially hazardous due to wave height, wave period, steepness, or swell direction. Thresholds governing the issuance of Small Craft Advisories for Hazardous Seas are specific to geographic areas.     * Eastern (ME..SC, Lake Erie, Lake Ontario) - Seas or waves 5 to 7 feet and greater, area dependent.    * Central (MN..OH) - Seas or waves greater than 4 feet    * Southern (GA..TX and Caribbean) - Seas 7 feet or greater that are expected for more t


Which Football League Division One club is based at the New York Stadium?

League One club, based Midlands, seeks stadium… | PanStadia & Arena Management League One club, based Midlands, seeks stadium… You are here: Home / Content / Latest news / League One club, based Midlands, seeks stadium... July 19, 2013 Tags: football stadium , stadium tenant Sixfields Stadium in Northampton is to be the home of Coventry City FC for three years while the club seeks to build a new stadium for itself. The club has turned down an offer to play back in the Ricoh Arena in Coventry. Coventry FC’s Chief Executive has been reported to be interested in building a stadium along the lines of Rotherham’s New York Stadium, just completing its first year of operation. The move to Sixfields (pictured) has been “reluctantly” agreed by the Football League, with Northampton taking fixture priority. Coventry FC fans have already demonstrated against the move and a former club official has offered to pay for Ricoh Arena fees to bring the club back to the city. On stadium development Fisher said: We want a mix of commercial, residential, depending on the final site we go with and this is why I really like Rotherham United’s model because it’s set up so they can build a hotel, it’s by the river where it’s designated as regeneration so built into the bottom of the stadium are retail units, cafes, you name it – it’s brilliant.


In horse racing at which course is the Eclipse Stakes run?

Sandown waterlogging leaves Time Test Eclipse Stakes run in doubt | Sport | The Guardian Sandown waterlogging leaves Time Test Eclipse Stakes run in doubt • Deluge has left track unraceable week before the course’s summer highlight • Charlton has announced he will delay a decision on whether favourite will run Time Test, right, pictured beating Western Hymn at Sandown in the Brigadier Gerard Stakes earlier this season. Photograph: Steve Parsons/PA Thursday 23 June 2016 07.41 EDT Last modified on Thursday 23 June 2016 19.25 EDT Close This article is 7 months old Wildly unusual quantities of rain have left Sandown waterlogged just nine days before the Eclipse Stakes, the midsummer highlight at the London track. That counts as bad news for backers of the favourite, Time Test, whose preference is for a fast surface, but connections will postpone a decision about whether he runs until nearer the time. Time Test fights off Western Hymn to win Brigadier Gerard Stakes Read more “We had 45mm last night,” reported Andrew Cooper, Sandown’s highly respected clerk of the course yesterday. “According to our records, we get that quantity of rain about once every five years but we’ve now had it twice in the space of a week. “In the short term, the effect is quite bad on the turn out of the back straight, from the six-furlong pole round to the pond area. We’re on a slope, so that’s the lower part of the course and it’s a combination of the rain, water gradually finding it’s lowest point and some of the drains failing to cope with what’s come down. “You are wading through water in some places. If we were giving a going description, it would be ‘heavy, waterlogged in places’. You’d find bits of soft going but it’s certainly unraceable and likely to remain so for the next 48 hours.” While the situation is bound to improve at this time of year and with temperatures in the low 20s, Cooper said the forecast over the next few days hardly amounted to ideal drying conditions, so there is a possibility of the Eclipse being run on ground with some cut in it. Further showers are expected in the area tonighton Thursday night. “Nine days is a huge amount of time in terms of weather and ground,” Cooper added. “But we’ve had four inches of rain in a week, so we’re going to stay on the softer side of things for a while. And of course, when you’ve had that much, it only takes a bit more rain to top things up to where you were before.” Some firms have responded by pushing Time Test out to 7-2 for the Eclipse, though he remains favourite and is still as short as 7-4 with other bookmakers. His trainer, Roger Charlton, insisted that no decision about his participation could be made at such an early stage. “It’s too soon,” Charlton said. “No one knows what the ground is going to be like nine days from now and I don’t want to be drawn into speculation.” Charlton, who is based at Beckhampton in Wiltshire, has said that Time Test is at his best on good to firm or firm going. The horse was an impressive winner in the Tercentenary Stakes at Royal Ascot last year on a fast surface and achieved the highest rating of his career on similar ground when last seen, winning the Brigadier Gerard at Sandown in May. Cannock Chase, who was a 16-1 shot for the Eclipse, will miss the race whatever the weather. A spokesman for his owner said the horse had still not recovered from the setback that kept him out of Royal Ascot and would be absent “for a little while”. Silvestre De Sousa’s title chance took a thump on Thursday when he was handed an 18-day ban under the totting-up rules, having racked up five whip offences in the past three months. Six days of the ban will be deferred until late August, to be triggered if he offends again. The reigning champion De Sousa leads Ryan Moore by four wins in this year’s title race and some firms had shortened his odds about a repeat victory to 1-3. However, he is now available at 4-6 while Moore is 3-1. De Sousa’s ban rules him out of the Eclipse Stakes at Sandown next week and the whole of the July meeting at his local track, Newmarket. Ho


In 2013 who became the first Australian to win the US Masters in golf?

2013 Masters Golf Tournament By Brent Kelley Adam Scott erased his name from those "best golfers without a major" lists by winning the 2013 Masters in a playoff over Angel Cabrera. Scott also became the first Australian golfer to win The Masters , improving on his own second-place finish in 2011, and upending the history of Greg Norman 's near-misses and collapses at Augusta National Golf Club . For Scott, it was his ninth career PGA Tour victory, and his first major in his 49th time playing in one of the four professional majors. Cabrera had only two PGA Tour wins entering the tournament - but both of them were majors, including the 2009 Masters that he won in a playoff. But here, Cabrera was a playoff loser. Scott and Cabrera were tied at 8-under as both played the 72nd hole, Scott on the green and Cabrera in the fairway. So Cabrera had a great view of Scott's 20-foot birdie putt to finish at 9-under 279, and knew he had to birdie himself to force a playoff. Cabrera played a fantastic approach to a couple feet from the pin and knocked in the short putt to tie Scott. continue reading below our video Understanding Baseball The two golfers proceeded to a sudden-death playoff, starting on Augusta's 18th hole. Both parred. They moved on to a second extra hole (Augusta's No. 10). Both hit great approach shots. Cabrera's 15-foot putt just missed, stopping about an inch from dropping into the cup. Scott then putted from 12 feet, and his putt was pure. When it dropped in the cup, he threw his arms in the air in celebration as the 2013 Masters champion. Two other things will be well-remembered about this Masters. First, a 14-year-old amateur not only played in the tournament, but made the cut , the youngest to accomplish both feats. Tianlang Guan, from China, opened with a 73 and added a 75 to make the cut on the number. Then he added weekend rounds of 77 and 75, finishing at 12-over 300, in 58th place. Did we mention that he was 14 years old? He lowered the record for youngest to make the cut in a major by almost two years. And second: The Tiger Woods ruling. Woods was in contention, three behind midway leader Jason Day, after two rounds. He signed for a 71 in the second round. But a rules incident arose around his actions on the 15th hole in the second round. Woods' approach into the par-5 green hit the flagstick and bounced back into the water. He walked back to the spot of the shot and dropped to re-play the shot with a 1-stroke penalty. But Woods later revealed in a post-round interview that he dropped about two yards behind the original spot, rather than "as nearly as possible" the original spot as called for by Rule 26-1. That meant Woods played from a wrong spot, and a 2-stroke penalty. But Woods didn't realize his mistake on Friday, and nobody from The Masters' rules committee notified him of the problem until Saturday morning - long after he had signed what was, in retrospect, an incorrect scorecard. A controvery arose over whether Woods would be disqualified , but in the end he was assessed the 2-stroke penalty and allowed to continue playing under Rule 33-7 (committee's discretion to waive disqualification). The penalty dropped Woods from three behind the leaders to five back. And although he shot two sub-par rounds on the weekend, he never threatened the leaders over the final two rounds. Cabrera and Brandt Snedeker were the third-round co-leaders, one stroke ahead of Scott. Cabrera shot 70 in the final round, Scott 69, but Snedeker faded with a 75. 2013 Masters Scores Results from the 2013 Masters golf tournament played at the par-72 Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia (p-won playoff; a-amateur): p-Adam Scott


Who won the Oscar for Best Director in 2013?

Oscars 2013 Winners: Best Film, Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Director Awards for Academy Awards 2013 (FULL LIST) CP Entertainment Oscars 2013 Winners: Best Film, Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Director Awards for Academy Awards 2013 (FULL LIST) Free sign up cp newsletter! Sign up By Anne Thomas , Christian Post Contributor Feb 24, 2013 | 11:41 PM x To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video Reuters The Oscars 2013 ceremony took place on Sunday night with the biggest stars of Hollywood coming together. The list of winners is listed below, including the awards for Best Film, Best Actor, Best Actress and Best Director for the Oscars 2013. The awards this year dropped the more formal traditional approach to the ceremony and attempted to offer a more modernized version of proceedings to ensure the Oscars remains relevant to the younger audience. As part of that relaxing of traditions, the usual official name of the awards show, "The Academy Awards," has been rebranded this year by producers as simply "The Oscars." To inject a more youthful feel producers also drafted in Seth MacFarlane to host this year's event, which was held at the Dolby Theater at Hollywood & Highland in Los Angeles. Photo: Twitter/ Rebekah Eagle/Touchstone Pictures)Daniel Day-Lewis As U.S. 16th President Abraham Lincoln in Steven Spielberg's historical drama "Lincoln." "Seth provides everything that we were looking for in terms of the host because he is relevant to an audience today and he's funny, charismatic," co-executive producer Neil Meron said of MacFarlane ahead of the event. He added, "He has great charm. He embodies kind of a post-millennium host in that tradition of Johnny Carson, Bob Hope and Billy Crystal. He is the next step in terms of making the show current." Below is the list of the 2013 nominees, with the winners highlighted for each category. The awards are listed in the order unveiled during the night. BEST SUPPORTING ACTOR: Robert DeNiro, "Silver Linings Playbook," Alan Arkin, "Argo," Phillip Seymour Hoffman, "The Master," Tommy Lee Jones, "Lincoln," CHRISTOPH WALTZ, "DJANGO UNCHAINED." BEST ANIMATED SHORT FILM: "Adam and Dog," "Fresh Guacamole," "Head over Heels," "PAPERMAN," "Maggie Simpson in 'The Longest Daycare.'" BEST ANIMATED FEATURE FILM: "BRAVE," "Frankenweenie," "ParaNorman," "The Pirates! Band of Misfits," "Wreck-It Ralph" ACHIEVEMENT IN CINEMATOGRAPHY: "Anna Karenina," "Django Unchained," "LIFE OF PI," "Lincoln," "Skyfall" BEST VISUAL EFFECTS: "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey," "LIFE OF PI," "Marvel's The Avengers," "Prometheus," "Snow White and the Huntsman" ACHIEVEMENT IN COSTUME DESIGN: "ANNA KARENINA," "Les Miserables," "Lincoln," "Mirror Mirror," "Snow White and the Huntsman" ACHIEVEMENT IN MAKEUP AND HAIRSTYLING: "Hitchcock," "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey," "LES MISERABLES" SHORT FILM - LIVE ACTION: "CURFEW," "Asad," "Buzkashi Boys," "Death of a Shadow," "Henry" BEST DOCUMENTARY SHORT: INOCENTE, Kings Point, Mondays at Racine, Open Heart, Redemption BEST DOCUMENTARY: "The Gatekeepers," "SEARCHING FOR SUGAR MAN," "How to Survive a Plague," "The Invisible War," "5 Broken Cameras." BEST FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM: "AMOUR," "Kon-Tiki," "No," "A Royal Affair," "War Witch" BEST SOUND MIXING: "Argo," "LES MISERABLES," "Life of Pi," "Lincoln," "Skyfall" BEST SOUND EDITING: "Argo," "Django Unchained," "Life of Pi," "SKYFALL," and "ZERO DARK THIRTY" BEST SUPPORTING ACTRESS: ANNE HATHAWAY, "LES MISERABLES," Amy Adams, "The Master," Sally Field, "Lincoln," Jacki Weaver, "Silver Linings Playbook," Helen Hunt, "The Sessions." ACHIEVEMENT IN FILM EDITING: "ARGO," "Life of Pi," "Lincoln," "Silver Linings Playbook," "Zero Dark Thirty" ACHIEVEMENT IN PRODUCTION DESIGN: "Anna Karenina," "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey," "Les Misérables," "Life of Pi," "LINCOLN" ORIGINAL SCORE: "LIFE OF PI" ORIGINAL SONG: "Before My Time," J. Ralph; "Pi's Lullaby," Mychael Danna & Bombay Jayashri; "Suddenly," Claude-Michel Schönberg, Herbert Kretzmer and Alain Boulil; "Everybody


Who plays the title character in the TV series 'Mrs Brown's Boys'?

Mrs. Brown's Boys (TV Series 2011– ) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error A comedy centered on a loud-mouthed Irish matriarch whose favorite pastime is meddling in the lives of her six children. Stars: When all of her kids in turn declare that she is overweight Agnes reluctantly decides to go on a diet but she finds it hard to sustain and begins to cheat. Suffering from heartburn she innocently ... 8.7 During a party to celebrate the baptism of Dermot and Maria's triplets, an unwitting Agnes and Winnie are put under the spell of the hypnotist booked to provide the entertainment. Mark has some ... 8.6 Agnes prepares for her unorthodox nativity play, provisionally entitled Men Are Bastards. She finds parts for all the family and their friends though the animals provided by Dermot are not exactly ... 8.5 a list of 44 titles created 23 Jul 2012 a list of 41 titles created 09 Feb 2013 a list of 45 titles created 30 Apr 2013 a list of 33 titles created 15 Oct 2014 a list of 34 titles created 26 Dec 2014 Title: Mrs. Brown's Boys (2011– ) 7.4/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. 9 wins & 14 nominations. See more awards  » Photos A company tries to shut down Mrs Brown's fruit and veg stall. They can feck off. Director: Ben Kellett The misadventures of Agnus Brown in Dublin with her family of misfits Stars: Brendan O'Carroll, Rory Cowan, Jennifer Gibney The unexpected death of her husband sends a woman and her seven children, ages 2-14, into emotional turmoil and financial crisis in 1967 Dublin. She is forced to borrow money from a ... See full summary  » Director: Anjelica Huston Socially inept Miranda always gets into awkward situations; working in her joke shop with best friend Stevie, being hounded by her pushy mother, and especially when she's around her crush Gary. Stars: Miranda Hart, Patricia Hodge, Tom Ellis A part-improvised comedy about a couple bringing up their three young children. Stars: Hugh Dennis, Claire Skinner, Tyger Drew-Honey A boisterous female minister comes to serve in an eccentricly conservative small town's church. Stars: Dawn French, James Fleet, Trevor Peacock Edit Storyline A comedy centered on a loud-mouthed Irish matriarch whose favorite pastime is meddling in the lives of her six children. 1 January 2011 (Ireland) See more  » Also Known As: Mrs. Browni poisid See more  » Company Credits Did You Know? Trivia Fiona Gibney who plays Winnie's daughter Sharon is the real life sister of Jennifer Gibney who plays Cathy. See more » Connections Crude, tasteless and achingly funny 23 March 2011 | by Lomax343 (United Kingdom) – See all my reviews This comedy has come in under the radar and has grown in popularity through word of mouth. It's basic ingredients are as old as the hills: a man in drag, bad language, farcical misunderstandings, recycled jokes and, if all else fails, slapstick. It owes a lot to I Didn't Know You Cared and Bread - and ought to be no more than a pale re-hash of a tired formula. It's as sophisticated as Bottom, as erudite as Play Your Cards Right, and as tasteful as a Frankie Boyle monologue. And yet: it's carried off with such panache that none of the above matters. Every episode has had at least one moment that has made me laugh out loud - often to the extent that I was actually in pain. It shamelessly breaks the fourth wall as well - even to the extent of not bothering with re-takes when something goes wrong. If, for example, a camera is caught in shot, the cast will break out of character for a moment, share a laugh with the audience, then get back to the script. What they broadcast is what actually happened. I get a feeling that some of these "mishaps" may be staged, but that doesn't matter. The show has a strangely incestuous cast, too. It is written by and stars Brendan O'Caroll. Other


Which chemical element takes its name from the Greek for 'stranger'?

BBC Science - The periodic table: how elements get their names The periodic table: how elements get their names By Christopher Brooks BBC Scotland Most people could name many of the elements, but how many of us know how they got those names? Each of the 115 known chemical elements was discovered over the last few thousand years, from before recorded history began to the nuclear laboratories of the 21st century. British scientists and the elements Humphry Davy discovered nine elements using electrolysis - the splitting up of compounds into elements by applying electricity. William Ramsay discovered a new group of unreactive elements using spectroscopy , now called the noble gases. William Crookes identified helium for the first time, and also discovered thallium . Their chosen names were influenced by an ever changing mix of language, culture and our understanding of chemistry. So how did they get these names? And why do they end in -ium? Ancient Elements Several elements' names have Anglo-Saxon language origins, including gold, iron, copper and silver. These metals were known long before they got these names, however. Gold can be found in its pure form in nature and although iron is usually found in ores which require smelting, the earliest known iron artefacts, from 3500 BCE, derive from purer metal from meteorites. The Latin names of these elements are commemorated in their atomic symbols, Au (aurum) for gold and Fe (ferrum) for iron. The Romans began the practise of element names ending in "-um," with Victorian scientists continuing the trend. Meteoric iron was used by humans before smelting of iron ores was invented. Element of uncertainty Since 1947, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ( IUPAC ) has had the responsibility for approving elements' names, and deciding the single internationally recognised symbol for each element. Before this, there were multiple historical occasions of elements being given several names, usually due to simultaneous discovery or uncertainty over a discovery. The name of element 41 was not agreed for 150 years. It was called columbium in America and niobium in Europe until IUPAC finally decided the official name would be niobium in 1949. Dr Fabienne Meyers, Associate Director of IUPAC, explains the current naming process : To start with, "the discoverers are invited to propose a name and a symbol." "For linguistic consistency, the recommended practice is that all new elements should end in '-ium'," she adds. The sake of naming an element is essentially to avoid confusion.” End Quote Dr Fabienne Meyers Associate Direcor, IUPAC "Since the sake of naming an element is essentially to avoid confusion, it is important to ensure that the proposed name is unique and has not been used earlier even unofficially or temporarily for a different element." "After examination and acceptance by the division - which includes a public review period of five months - the name and symbol are then submitted to the IUPAC Council for approval." The name is then published in the scientific journal Pure and Applied Chemistry . Actinium to zirconium A common source of names both now and historically, over a quarter of the elements are named after a place, often where they were discovered or synthesised. These places range in size from continents (europium) and countries (americium, francium, polonium) to the the Scottish village Strontian (strontium). Because of the great wealth of discoveries made there, four elements are named after the Swedish mining village, Ytterby (ytterbium, yttrium, erbium and terbium). There is just one element that wasn't first discovered on Earth, and it too is named after its place of the discovery - helium, from the Greek word for Sun, helios. Myth and legend Dmitri Mendeleev published the periodic table in its modern form. About a dozen elements take their name directly from legends, including titanium, arsenic and tantalum. Nickel and cobalt are named after 'devil' and 'kobold', from the Germanic folk belief that malign creatures snuck into mines to replace valuable


Which Football League Division One club's ground is the Matchroom Stadium?

Matchroom Stadium | Brisbane Road  | Leyton Orient FC | Ground Guide Tuesday 9th August 2016, 7.45pm David Howells (Fulham fan) Why were you looking forward to this game and visiting the Matchroom Stadium? I've been before to watch a League Two game due to a friend supporting Orient, so was never going to resist watching my own team at Brisbane Road. It's a club that I have a s oft spot for, and being close to where I live it is easy to get to. How easy was your journey/finding the ground/car parking? The ground is 5/10 minute walk from the Leyton Tube, which is ideal. No idea about driving and parking, but from the outside it doesn't look like it'd be a stress-free and pleasurable experience unless you're an experienced Orient-er. What you did before the game pub/chippy etc, and were the home fans friendly? Before the game we went to the pub called Leyton Technical Pub, which is an old town hall. Is a real nice if not slightly upscale place, serves nice beer, quirky place and a good atmosphere. They didn't seem bothered at all that I was an away fan, and fans mingled and no trouble whatsoever. Last time I went, I went to Birkbeck Tavern, which is the other side of the tube. Much more of a boozer there, definitely more of a 'lads before the footy' kinda vibe, rather than the smooth sophistication of the Technical Pub. Both I would recommend though, and depending on your tastes and crowd, either is well worth a visit. What you thought on seeing the ground, first impressions of away end then other sides of the Matchroom Stadium? The Matchroom is certainly a different stadium, with the presence of residential private flats in each of the corners of the ground. This may sound a bit rubbish but actually isn't that bad whatsoever. All stands are very good standard, including the away end. For a neutral or '92' fan, I would recommend going in the South Stand. Has a great atmosphere from the home fans, and where the more vocal fans seem to be. There's also a bar underneath this stand, which in no way influences my recommendation! Comment on the game itself, atmosphere, stewards, pies, facilities etc..  Been twice, watched 9 goals. Orient have lost them both mind, but on the most recent visit I didn't mind at all. Fulham played their youth team which was good to see, went 3-0 up and were cruising only for a late rally to bring it back to 3-2. Good game, and was more than happy to pay £18 for that! Comment on getting away from the ground after the game: We went to the pub after the match.on both times I've been, but Orient don't have the thousands upon thousands of fans, so it's never going to be gridlock getting away from the game. Summary of overall thoughts of the day out: Orient is a good day out. It's a bit of a different team, and overall a very nice club. You don't begrudge them any success, and I highly recommend getting down to Brisbane Road. Leyton Orient v Northampton Town Football League Two Saturday 13th February 2016, 3pm David Oliver (Neutral fan) Why were you looking forward to this game and visiting the Matchroom Stadium? When I am in London my wife and I generally try to find a match to attend. I was pleased to see that Orient were at home as I had not been to their ground before. As Orient are in or around the play-off picture and Northampton currently top I was hoping for an entertaining game. How easy was your journey/finding the ground/car parking?     Leyton is the nearest tube station and is about a five minute walk from Brisbane Road. From outside Leyton station you can see the Olympic Park in the distance with the superbly shaped velodrome clearly visible. What you did before the game pub/chippy etc, and were the home fans friendly?     We walked through what seemed to be a popular residential area which had benefited from the general resurgence of various parts of East London. Large, well kept terraced housing and a very pleasant park just before you cross the road to the ground. There is plenty of opportunity for food/drink on the busy High Street which had a distinct international flavour to it. The us


Which nineteenth century novelist wrote 'Mary Barton, A Tale of Manchester Life'?

Mary Barton Essay - Mary Barton: A Tale of Manchester Life, Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell - eNotes.com Mary Barton: A Tale of Manchester Life, Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell link Link Mary Barton: A Tale of Manchester Life Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell The following entry presents criticism of Gaskell's novel Mary Barton: A Tale of Manchester Life (1848). See also, Cranford Criticism and Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell Criticism. Gaskell's first novel, Mary Barton, offers a sympathetic representation of the lives of the working class during a period of rapid industrialization and economic depression. Set in the manufacturing hub of nineteenth-century England, Manchester, the work combines the characteristics of a sentimental romance with the features of a social-problem novel—a genre that was at the height of its popularity during this time. Biographical Information Gaskell, the daughter of a Unitarian minister, was born in London to Elizabeth and William Stevenson on September 29, 1810. Her mother died a year after Gaskell was born, and she was sent to live in rural Cheshire with an aunt. There she attended a school for girls and studied languages and the fine arts. In 1831 Gaskell traveled to Newcastle, Edinburgh, and Manchester, where she met William Gaskell, a clergyman with the Unitarian Church, who later taught literature and history at Manchester New College. They married in 1831 and had six children, two of whom died in infancy. Gaskell apparently began writing Mary Barton as a distraction from the grief she experienced when her second child, William, died of scarlet fever in 1845. Encouraged by the success of the novel, Gaskell went on to write several short stories, two novellas, and four more novels: Cranford (1851-53); Ruth (1853); North and South (1855); and Sylvia's Lovers (1863). In 1857 she produced The Life of Charlotte Brontë, her only attempt at biography; it was far less successful than her fictional work. Financially secure, Gaskell devoted considerable time to various charitable causes and to maintaining an extensive correspondence with other writers such as Brontë and George Eliot. She died in Manchester in 1865 while working on her sixth novel, the unfinished Wives and Daughters (1864-66). Plot and Major Characters The title character of Mary Barton is a young woman from a working-class family living in Manchester in 1839, during a time of severe economic distress and political unrest caused by Parliament's rejection of the reform-oriented Chartist petition. Mary's father John, considered by some scholars to be the novel's true main character, is driven to crime by the desperate conditions of life among the workers in the cotton mill. The novel opens with an outing by the workers to Green Heys Fields, outside the town proper, followed by the return of the Barton family to their humble but well-kept home. The family's fortunes soon decline, however, when Mary's mother dies and her father is forced out of work. The other families of the town share a similar fate, and although the poor try to assist each other, Manchester's wealthy families, particularly the mill owners, are indifferent to the workers' suffering. John Barton is chosen to represent the local trade union in delivering the Chartist petition to London. When he returns, disheartened by the petition's failure, he becomes increasingly bitter and sullen, chewing opium to stave off hunger. The trade union to which he belongs decides to murder Harry Carson, the son of the mill owner—in retaliation for the death by starvation of one of the worker's children—and it is Barton who draws the lot to perform the deed. Jem Wilson, another worker and one of Mary's suitors, is accused of the crime, and Mary must try to clear his name without implicating her father. Originally a vain and frivolous young girl, Mary matures during the course of the novel into a serious, socially responsible woman. She initially accepts the attentions of Harry Carson, believing marriage to the son of a rich mill owner to be her only chance of escaping poverty and helping her father. Event


In the 2013 Oscar awards which singer won Best Original Song?

Best Original Song: Adele's 'Skyfall' Wins 2013 Oscar | The Huffington Post Best Original Song: Adele's 'Skyfall' Wins 2013 Oscar 02/24/2013 11:20 pm ET | Updated Feb 25, 2013 The 85th annual Academy Awards were held Sunday evening and "Skyfall" took home the award for Best Original Song. Earlier in the show, Adele performed the title track from the latest James Bond movie. Other songs up for nomination were performed as well including "Everybody Needs a Best Friend" from "Ted," sung by Norah Jones. "Suddenly" from "Les Miserables" was also performed as a part of a tribute to musicals of the last decade. Also nominated was "Before My Time" from " Chasing Ice " and "Pi's Lullaby" from " Life of Pi ." Adele's "Skyfall" was indeed the favorite for Best Original Song. She took home the Golden Globe award for the song. The 2013 Oscars also featured a performance by Barbra Streisand. It was announced this week that Kristen Chenoweth and Seth MacFarlance would close the show with a musical performance. The 85th annual Academy Awards were hosted by MacFarlane at Hollywood's Dolby Theatre. More information about performances and winners can be found in the live blog below. Adele's Triumph At Oscars 2013 Adele's Triumph At Oscars 2013 1


The Brockman family's home was the setting for which BBC TV comedy series?

Outnumbered characters - British Comedy Guide Pete AKA: Pete Brockman.  Played by: Hugh Dennis Pete tries his hardest to organise his family but often finds himself over-run by his children. He's a bit confused and life seems to have taken Pete, rather than it being him who dictates the direction in which his life goes. Pete taught history in an inner-city school, where a typical school holiday sees five arrested, two become pregnant and one pupil shot. After resigning in protest, he's now a supply teacher. Pete is clearly frustrated by the lack of interest pupils show in learning about history, but is becoming more resigned to it just being a job. Pete's natural wit and his inability to keep jokes to himself has got him in trouble on more than one occasion. Following an ill-judged quip involving obesity and Ramadan, Pete found his job in jeopardy. Sue AKA: Sue Brockman.  Played by: Claire Skinner Hard-working and beleaguered mum Sue does her best to cope with the three young kids but almost always finds the odds are stacked against her. When not trying to organise her three offspring, Sue (in the earlier series) can be found trying to deal with her very demanding boss. It seems that Veronica always phones or emails at the least suitable time but, for some reason, even when it is supposed to be her 'day off', Sue is too polite to tell her to go away... well, until near the end of series one, as which point she snaps. Sue clearly has issues with her sister Angela. Whenever given a chance, she will find a reason to have a snide dig at her hippy sister - much to the annoyance of Pete who has clearly heard it all a hundred times before. Jake AKA: Jake Brockman.  Played by: Tyger Drew-Honey Jake is wise beyond his years - he seems to know about everything. The trouble with having so much knowledge is that Jake frequently manages to bring a halt to a conversation by recalling a scare-mongering story from the newspaper. Whether it be contracting bird flu, or the odds of a particle physics laboratory creating a black hole which will destroy the world, Jake manages to bring the mood down. Jake is almost always seen plugged into a laptop or iPod - the gadgets acting as a good distraction from his bickering family. In the latest series Jake has become a fully-formed moody teenager - fed up with his parents, the restrictions they place on his social life, and their interest in what he's getting up to. Ben AKA: Ben Brockman.  Played by: Daniel Roche Ben has developed an extraordinary talent for lying - a character trait that his parents are clearly worried about. They actually have good reason to be concerned about his fibbing as it is causing them a few headaches. For example, at a school football match the other parents started asking Pete about his friendship with Gordon Brown, his SAS training, and complementing him on how he is so bravely fighting cancer... none of which is true! Ben is a very stubborn child - he often refuses to do what his parents tell him - this seems to be a tactic that works quite well, as Pete and Sue either give up on whatever it was they were trying to get him to do, or bribe him to comply. Karen AKA: Karen Brockman.  Played by: Ramona Marquez Karen is Pete and Sue's regal daughter. She has a talent for interrogation, often asks adults the most bizarre off-the-wall questions which completely throw them off balance ("Are shadows made of atoms?"). Some of Karen's innocent questions are actually rather probing and, if answered correctly, would be rather embarrassing for the adults involved. Karen is of an age where she has an interest in everything... including nits. At one point she wanted to keep one as a pet! Karen doesn't yet subscribe to the 'being polite' social skills that adults must endure - and thus she doesn't hide the fact she doesn't really like Auntie Angela, much to the embarrassment of her parents. Auntie Angela AKA: Angela Morrison.  Played by: Samantha Bond Sue's sister Angela is very 'new age' - she is into spiritual guides, dream catchers, feng shui etc. Having spent a long time in Ameri


Much used in Mediterranean cuisine, what is `aceite de oliva' on a Spanish menu?

Olive Oil in Spanish Cuisine, Recipes with Olive Oil, Andalucian Olive oil, food and drink of Andalucia, Southern Spain Olive Oil in Spanish Cuisine Gastronomy - Olive Oil in Spanish Cuisine   By Brenda Padilla While olive oil forms the basis of the Mediterranean Diet, today even cheaper oils - such as sunflower oil – often take its place. In addition, much of the so-called olive oil sold at Spanish supermarkets is actually a mix of highly refined oil that has been obtained through chemical processes. Therefore, the purists recommend choosing one of the many, fantastic virgin or extra virgin olive oils, and if you can get this in an “organic” version, so much the better. We will, therefore, base most of our olive oil culinary recommendations on the use of top quality, virgin olive oil. BREAKFAST This is possibly the simplest breakfast in the world to prepare. You can choose to either toast your bread or serve it fresh. Just drizzle it with the best olive oil off your shelf and then sprinkle either salt or sugar to give it a dash of extra flavour if you like. Have that with a fresh squeezed orange juice and you’re ready to face the day!   SALADS The whole range of traditional Mediterranean green salad is wonderful when mixed with olive oil. Spaniards generally offer olive oil at the table along with vinegar, salt and pepper. Try this basic salad recipe for starters: Mediterranean Mixed Salad


Which river was immortalised by Rudyard Kipling as 'The Road to Mandalay'?

Mandalay A Choice of Kipling�s Verse by T.S.Eliot (1941) The Works of Rudyard Kipling, Wordsworth Poetry Library The Theme A British soldier, now discharged and back in London, looks back with nostalgia at his life in Burma with sunshine and a charming girl in terms which Le Gallienne, although an enthusastic patron of the music-halls, described in his review of Barrack-Room Ballads, as: 'perfect of their kind though made of the very refuse of language. later observing that the very best of them is �Mandalay�. [quoted by Charles Carrington p. 342.] > This, like �The Grave of the Hundred Head� , was inspired by Kipling�s visit to Burma on his way home to England in 1889. He and his friends the Hills embarked at Calcutta, bound for London via America where the Hills would spend their leave. They made an unscheduled stop at Moulmein on the coast of Burma, where elephants, pagodas, tinkling bells, and a beautiful Burmese girl left a deep impression on Kipling. : When I die I will be a Burman, with twenty yards of real King�s silk, that has been made in Mandalay, about my body, and a succession of cigarettes between my lips. I will wave the cigarette to emphasise my conversation, which shall be full of jest and repartee, and I will always walk about with a pretty almond-coloured girl who shall laugh and jest too, as a young maiden ought. She shall not pull a sari over her head when a man looks at her and glare suggestively from behind it, nor shall she tramp behind me when I walk: for these are the customs of India. [From Sea to Sea, p. 221 line 19] Charles Carrington, in his edition of Barrack-Room Ballads (Methuen 1974, p. 162), describes the poem as: 'Perhaps the favourite among the 'Barrack-Room Ballads', written to a popular waltz tune, set to music as a tenor song, and long since passed into folklore ... Recently it has been copied by Bertolt Brecht.' The haunting words of �Mandalay� would become as much-travelled as their author. And surely only the pedantic would quarrel with the improbable siting of the dawn as it �comes up like thunder outer China �crost the Bay�. See Harry Ricketts (p. 121) for an excellent account of the visit to Burma. See also Meryl Macdonald (p. 49). Historical background For the historical background to the poem one cannot do better than read George Webb's address to the Royal Society for Asian Affairs on 16 June 1983, on "Kipling's Burma, A Literary and Historical Review" , which we have reproduced for this Guide. It was reprinted in the Kipling Journal in KJ 301/25 & KJ 302/10 . As George Webb explains, after a dispute with the Burmese Goverment, heightened by its clandestine dealings with the French, Lotd Dufferin, the Viceroy of India, despatched an ultimatum: Meanwhile he prepared an expeditionary force in Lower Burma: 9000 fighting men, 3000 followers, 67 guns, 24 machine-guns. The ultimatum was offensively rejected. War followed. In November 1885 the great paddle-steamers, crowded with troops, thrashed up-river. Before they could reach Mandalay it surrendered. Burmese resistance had crumbled. British occupation and annexation followed. 287/55 Frank Sinatra�s recording- see Mattinson on our website and David Alan Richards p. 708. Some other critical responses Bonamy Dobr�e (p. 212.) discusses this and other pieces written shortly after Kipling�s return to London in 1889, in which he compares the weather unfavourably with the sunshine of India: �.the popular �Mandalay� of June 1890, well-known, perhaps, as it is set to rousing, singable tunes�..  Probably his greatest successes in verse at this early period were the poems abut private soldiers, notably in Barrack-Room Ballads, where he used the Tommies� vernacular� Charles Allen (p. 307), however, writing in 2007, is very conscious that tastes have changed in the hundred and twenty years since the Barrack-Room Ballads were written: The shock-value of �Danny Deever�, �Tommy� and the best of the Barrack-Room Ballads has faded over the years - and the rest have not aged well. �Mandalay� now sounds almost maudlin. Kipling


In which English city is the Roman Catholic cathedral dedicated to Saint Chad?

Cathedrals in the UK | Interactive Map Photo Gallery Cathedrals in Britain From the world-famous St Paul's in London to the charming 12th century St David's Cathedral in Wales, simply scroll down to see our interactive map of the Christian cathedrals in Britain. Although we have attempted to be as thorough as possible, please do not hesitate to contact us if you have a cathedral that we have not included on the map. What is a Cathedral? A cathedral is not just a large church. The word 'cathedral' comes from the Latin word cathedra meaning 'seat' or 'chair', and refers to the presence of the bishop's or archbishop's chair or throne. It is the most important church in the diocese. What is a Minster - is it the same as a Cathedral? Sometimes but not always. Minsters were established during Anglo-Saxon times and were the churches attached to a monastery or monasterium. Nowadays the term 'minster' has come to refer more generally to any large or important, often parish, church. Famous minsters include York Minster, Southwell Minster and Westminster in London. Cathedrals in England Aldershot Cathedral Roman Catholic Church The Cathedral Church of St Michael and St George serves as the Roman Catholic cathedral for the Bishopric of the Forces, which provides chaplains to the British Armed Forces. The church was designed in 1892 by two military engineers, originally intended as the principal church for the Anglican chaplaincies of the British Army, it eventually became the seat of the Roman Catholic Bishop of the Forces instead. Arundel Cathedral Roman Catholic Church The Cathedral Church of Our Lady and St Philip Howard, was dedicated in 1873 as the Catholic parish church of Arundel, and designated a cathedral in 1965. The cathedral's location, construction, and design owe much to the Howard family, who, as Dukes of Norfolk and Earls of Arundel, are the most prominent Catholic family in England. The architectural style of the cathedral is French Gothic, a suitable counterpart to their nearby home …Arundel Castle. Birmingham Cathedral Church of England Designed by the English Baroque architect, Thomas Archer, St Philip's was originally built as a parish church in 1715. It became the cathedral of the newly formed Diocese of Birmingham in 1905. Birmingham Cathedral Roman Catholic Church The Metropolitan Cathedral Church and Basilica of Saint Chad was the first Catholic cathedral to be built in England after the English Reformation initiated in 1534 by King Henry VIII. Designed by Augustus Pugin, it was completed in 1841 and raised to cathedral status in 1852. Blackburn Cathedral Church of England One of England's newest cathedrals, with the creation of the Diocese of Blackburn in 1926, the parish church of St Mary the Virgin was elevated to cathedral status. The church, which was built in 1826, now forms the cathedral's nave. Bradford Cathedral Church of England A site of Christian worship since Anglo-Saxon times, a later Norman church stood for 300 years before being destroyed by raiding Scots. During the fourteenth century the church was rebuilt, the oldest parts of the present building were completed in 1458. Brentwood Cathedral Roman Catholic Church The Roman Catholic Cathedral Church of St Mary and St Helen dates from 1861. Originally a parish church built in a gothic style, this relatively small building was elevated to Cathedral status in 1917. Enlarged between 1989-1991, the new cathedral was dedicated on 31 May 1991. Bristol Cathedral Church of England Founded as St Augustine's Abbey in 1140, the Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity became the seat of the bishop and cathedral of the new Diocese of Bristol in 1542. St Edmundsbury Cathedral Church of England A church has stood on the site of the current cathedral for over a 1,000 years. Largely rebuilt in the 16th century St James Church became St Edmundsbury Cathedral in 1914. Canterbury Cathedral Church of England One of the oldest and most famous Christian buidlings in England, the Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Christ at Canterbury, is the seat of t


Eleanor of Provence was the queen of which English monarch?

Queen Eleanor of Provence; Medieval Queens; King Henry III of England Featuring medieval queens, including Queen Berengeria, Queen Eleanor, Queen Isabella and more. Eleanor of Provence Queen of England, 1236-1272 "Beautiful, resourceful, clever—and unpopular" Eleanor of Provence, the queen of Henry III of England, was his loyal marriage-partner for thirty-six years. Strong-willed, ambitious and practical, she played a major role in ruling the kingdom during the volatile thirteenth century. So why is she so little remembered in the roster of medieval queens? Probably because Henry filled his reign with so many miscalculations and disasters that not even a strong helpmeet could avert them. If Eleanor had been a reigning queen instead of a queen-consort, things might have been different. As daughter of Count Raymond of Provence, Eleanor grew up steeped in the sunny, pleasure-loving culture of Southern France. She was acquainted with the nobility of the Mediterranean world. When she married Henry she brought from her birthplace her taste for the good life and her familiarity with many influential players on the European stage. Eleanor also brought her relatives to install in important offices in England. This didn't endear her to Henry's barons or to the English people, who mistrusted foreigners. What Henry, an ambitious but ineffective king, lacked in willpower Eleanor more than made up for. Like her two predecessors on the English throne, Isabella of Angouleme and Eleanor of Aquitaine , Eleanor of Provence was fiercely ambitious for her children and supremely self-confident in exercising her power. She was intimately involved in Henry's battles. These included excursions to France to fight for the Continental lands the French and English had been squabbling about for decades. At home, Henry and Eleanor had rebellious barons to contend with. When Henry was captured by his own barons and forced to agree to their terms for reforms, Eleanor went to France and raised a formidable army to free her husband. But her invasion fleet was wrecked before it reached England. Her son Edward (later Edward I), as combative as his mother, fought off the rebels and rescued his father. After Henry died in 1272 Eleanor became Queen Dowager, but she never gave up her active role in promoting the royal family's interests. Only after fourteen years did she take off her crown and don the veil at the nunnery of Amesbury. There she lived a quiet, pious life until her death in 1291. Queen Eleanor of Provence was beautiful, resourceful, clever-and unpopular. Her foreign airs and entanglements, her influence on her husband and her imperious manner could not endear her to the English. The chronicler summed up her contradictory qualities after her death: "the generous and devout virago." Learn more about Queen Eleanor of Provence: Eleanor of Provence, by Margaret Howell. Blackwell Publishers, London, 1998. "The Indomitable Belle: Eleanor of Provence, Queen of England," by Martha Biles. In Seven Studies in Medieval English History and Other Historical Essays Presented to Harold S. Snellgrove. Jackson, Michigan, 1983. Lives of the Queens of England from the Norman Conquest, by Agnes Strickland. Vol. 1. London, 1851. Head of Eleanor of Provence in Westminster Abbey. Courtesy of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster Bronze effigy of Henry III in Westminster Abbey.


What is the capital of the French region of Midi-Pyrenees?

The Midi-Pyrï¿½nï¿½es - regional guide and tourist attractions. About-France.com More information From Jan 1st 2016, "Midi Pyrenees" has been merged into a new super-region provisionally called "Midi-Pyrenees- Languedoc- Roussillon". It is expected that the eventual name of this region, to be determined in 2016, will be "Occitanie" - a historical reference to the part of France where until the nineteenth century most people spoke varieties of Occitanian French, not the standard French of northern France.    Unlike many regions of France Midi-Pyrï¿½nï¿½es is not a historic province. It is actually a 20th century invention, created as a result of the "regionalisation" process that took place in the 1970s. Like the Pays de la Loire region further north, Midi-Pyrï¿½nï¿½es was established in order to create a region around a regional metropolis, in this case the city of Toulouse.        The modern Midi-Pyrenees region encompasses all or a large part of different historic areas, including parts of the large former provinces of Guyenne, Gascony, and Languedoc, and smaller areas, within these larger areas, such as Rouergue and Quercy,  the Albigeois, and the county of Foix. The largest region in France:      Midi-Pyrï¿½nï¿½es is the largest region in metropolitan France, in terms of surface area, and equal largest in terms of the number of departments covered. It incorporates eight departments, which are Ariï¿½ge (09), Aveyron (12), Haute-Garonne (31), Gers (32), Lot (46), Hautes-Pyrï¿½nï¿½es (65), Tarn (81)  and Tarn-et-Garonne (82).  The region covers a total surface area of 45,348 kmï¿½, making it larger than either Belgium or Switzerland; and stretching some 400 kilometres from north-east to south-west, it is not surprisingly a region that somehow lacks any strong regional identity. Within this region, towns and traditions tend to identify themselves more with the historic provinces to which they once belonged, than to the modern-day region. Regional towns and cities       The city of Toulouse, lying more or less in the centre of the region, is by far the biggest city. Although this is the largest region in France, over a third of the entire population live in the Toulouse urban area, and the Haute Garonne department, surrounding Toulouse, accounts for well over 40% of the regional population. The region's second largest urban area, surrounding the city of Tarbes, capital of the Hautes Pyrenees department, is ten times smaller than the Toulouse urban area. The only other towns with a population of over 40,000 are Montauban, Albi and Castres. A rural region Alpine scenery in the rural Ariï¿½ge Pyrenees      From all the above, it is not too hard to understand that Midi Pyrï¿½nï¿½es is essentially a rural area. In fact, apart from the Toulouse hub, it is a very rural area (just 54 inhabitants per sq. km, half the national average), and the leading agricultural region in France. Stretching from the Massif Central in the north east, to the Pyrenees in the south, it is an area that includes a wide diversity of agricultural land and production. The lower lying area in the Haute Garonne, Gers and Tarn departments is one of the richest and most productive agricultural areas of France, producing a variety of crops including maize, sunflowers and wheat. But recent dry summers have begun to cause a rethinking about the viability of growing maize in the region, as it is a crop that needs copious watering in this southern climate.      The region also has sizeable vineyards, such as in the areas round Gaillac, north of Toulouse, and  the Armagnac area, which lies partly in Midi-Pyrenees, partly in Aquitaine . However this is not one of France's greatest wine producing areas. the Aubrac plateau     The southern and northeastern parts of the region are very different from the plains. While traditional houses on the low-lying land have a classic southern-European look, with red "roman" tiles on their roofs, those in the higher regions look very different, with their roofs of slate or "lozes" - thin slabs of stone.  Drive northeast from Toul


Writer of films such as 'Love Actually' and 'Notting Hill', which long-term partner of Emma Freud co-founded Comic Relief with Lenny Henry?

Robin Parker | Features Editor | Broadcast Inside No. 9 creators prepare 'lighter' return 19-Jan-2017 BBC2’s Inside No. 9 is to return for a fourth series – and creators Steve Pemberton and Reece Shearsmith are promising a lighter tone to the black comedy. Media experts: fake news to intensify 11-Jan-2017 News organisations are piling pressure on social networks to weed out ‘fake news’ amid concerns over the escalation of web hoaxes. Midsomer Murders indie boss departs 13-Dec-2016 Company Pictures chief executive Michele Buck is to add Bentley Productions to her remit following the departure of the managing director of the Midsomer Murders indie. 2-Dec-2016 Not-for-profit indie CTVC has hired the producer of ITV’s Sun Military Awards as its chief executive. 30-Nov-2016 Deutschland 83 creator Anna Winger has teamed up with Carnival Films to develop her first UK series. CBeebies heads Children’s Baftas 21-Nov-2016 CBeebies controller Kay Benbow took a swipe at US president elect Donald Trump at last night’s Children’s Baftas, championing her channel’s role in developing “happy, resilient and tolerant” children. Comedy heads eye co-productions 10-Nov-2016 Comedy can shrug off its reputation as drama’s poor relation by blurring genre lines and tapping into an increased global appetite for co-production, commissioners have declared. David Brindley lands BBC factual role 4-Nov-2016 The BBC has hired Channel 4 factual commissioner David Brindley to head its renamed popular factual and factual entertainment department. Guy Slattery, Vice 20-Oct-2016 Viceland’s UK ratings may not be giving its rivals sleepless nights, but general manager Guy Slattery says that bringing a new angle to broadcasting will reap rewards ITV drama: Lygo demands more fun & lightness 18-Oct-2016 ITV director of television Kevin Lygo has called on programme makers to come up with more “happy, life affirming” dramas like The Durrells, saying he was “tired of endless murders”. Black Mirror, Netflix 14-Oct-2016 From different episode lengths to unusual aspect ratios, Black Mirror’s move from C4 to Netflix has given the production and post teams freedom to experiment. Robin Parker reports Amazon and Vice execs join Promax event 11-Oct-2016 Senior executives from Amazon Video and Viceland are joining the likes of Channel 4 and NBC Universal at PromaxBDA’s 2016 conference. Planet Earth, BBC1 6-Oct-2016 A decade after its groundbreaking series, BBC Studios’ NHU is again using cutting-edge techniques and technology to take the viewer right into the world of animals. Timmer & Keane, Mammoth 15-Sep-2016 Mammoth Screen’s husband-and-wife team begged Kevin Lygo to avoid a Victoria-Poldark clash - but both shows have become Sunday night winners, they tell Robin Parker BBC4 to recreate first British TV broadcast 26-Aug-2016 BBC4 is to recreate the first broadcast on British TV using the original technology and filming techniques used 80 years ago. YouTube leads Carpool Karaoke strategy 26-Aug-2016 The Late Late Show With James Corden executive producer has revealed that he checks YouTube stats ahead of TV ratings – as 172 of the show’s clips have notched up over 1m online views. Top talent beefs up ITV entertainment 25-Aug-2016 Harry Hill, Dawn French and Jack Dee are all fronting new shows for ITV as the broadcaster beefs up its entertainment and comedy slate. Broadcasters hit back at Vice MacTaggart claims 25-Aug-2016 Broadcasters have put on a united defence of the public service broadcasting model in the face of Vice chief executive Shane Smith’s charge that they fail to connect with young audiences. TV’s class divide laid bare 24-Aug-2016 The class divisions in the television industry are laid bare in a report that reveals that people in the media are three times more likely to have attended a private or selective grammar school than the national average. Ice Town: Life on the Edge; BBC Earth 11-Aug-2016 Filming in icy conditions isn’t everyone’s idea of adventure. Robin Parker gets a glimpse of the challenges for crew and townsfolk alike Cucumber producer joins Do


What Italian word refers to a painting technique where paint is laid onto the canvas so thickly that the brush or knife strokes are visible?

What does impasto mean? Definitions for impastoɪmˈpæs toʊ, -ˈpɑ stoʊ This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word impasto Princeton's WordNet(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: impasto(noun) painting that applies the pigment thickly so that brush or palette knife marks are visible Wiktionary(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: impasto(Noun) In painting, the use of a thick-bodied paint to create sizable peaks and crests in an image. Webster Dictionary(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Impasto(noun) the thickness of the layer or body of pigment applied by the painter to his canvas with especial reference to the juxtaposition of different colors and tints in forming a harmonious whole Origin: [It. See Impaste.] Freebase(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Impasto In English, the borrowed Italian word impasto most commonly refers to a technique used in painting, where paint is laid on an area of the surface very thickly, usually thickly enough that the brush or painting-knife strokes are visible. Paint can also be mixed right on the canvas. When dry, impasto provides texture, the paint appears to be coming out of the canvas. The word impasto is Italian in origin; in that language it means "dough" or "mixture"; the verb "impastare" translates variously as "to knead", or "to paste". Italian usage of "impasto" includes both a painting and a potting technique. According to Webster's New World College Dictionary, the root noun of impasto is pasta, whose primary meaning in Italian is paste. Oil paint is most suitable to the impasto painting technique, due to its thickness and slow drying time. Acrylic paint can also be impastoed. Impasto is generally not possible in watercolour or tempera without the addition of thickening agent due to the inherent thinness of these media. An artist working in pastels can produce a limited impasto effect by pressing a soft pastel firmly against the paper. Impastoed paint serves several purposes. First, it makes the light reflect in a particular way, giving the artist additional control over the play of light on the painting. Second, it can add expressiveness to the painting, the viewer being able to notice the strength and speed applied by the artist. Third, impasto can push a painting into a three dimensional sculptural rendering. The first objective was originally sought by masters such as Rembrandt, Titian, and Vermeer, to represent folds in clothes or jewels: it was then juxtaposed with more delicate painting. Much later, the French Impressionists created entire canvases of rich impasto textures. Vincent van Gogh used it frequently for aesthetics and expression. Abstract expressionists such as Hans Hofmann and Willem de Kooning also made extensive use of it, motivated in part by a desire to create paintings which dramatically record the "action" of painting itself. Still more recently, Frank Auerbach has used such heavy impasto that some of his paintings become almost three-dimensional. The numerical value of impasto in Chaldean Numerology is: 1 Pythagorean Numerology


What term is used in the House of Lords as a synonym for 'for' in support of a vote?

UK Constitution and Government/Parliament - Wikibooks, open books for an open world UK Constitution and Government/Parliament Previous Chapter | Next Chapter Parliament Parliament is the supreme law-making body in the United Kingdom. It is made up of two Houses of Parliament, namely the House of Commons and the House of Lords, as well as the Sovereign. The Sovereign's involvement in the life and working of Parliament is purely formal. In constitutional theory, Parliament in its strictest sense is sometimes referred to as the Queen-in-Parliament; this contrasts with the more ordinary use of the term "Parliament", meaning just the two Houses of Parliament. Within the British constitutional framework, the Queen-in-Parliament is supreme ("sovereign"), able to make, alter, or repeal any law at will. Both Houses of Parliament meet at the Palace of Westminster. Parliaments and Sessions As with most legislatures, Parliament does not continue in perpetual existence. Typically, the "life" of a Parliament is around four years. Parliament is initially summoned by the Sovereign. This now always occurs after there has been a general election. Once assembled, and a Speaker has been chosen by the House of Commons, Parliament is formally opened by the Sovereign. The business of the two Houses is arranged into sessions, which usually last a year (running from around October or November each calendar year). However, there is usually a long recess during the summer months, when business is temporarily suspended. The opening of each parliamentary session is conducted in accordance with a great deal of traditional ceremony. The Sovereign takes his or her seat on the throne situated in the chamber of the House of Lords, and the Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod (one of that House's officers) is commanded to summon the House of Commons. When Black Rod reaches the door of the Commons, it is slammed shut in his face, to symbolise the right of the Commons to debate without royal interference. Black Rod then solemnly knocks on the door with his staff of office; on the third knock, the door is opened, and he is permitted to enter and deliver his message. MPs then proceed from the Commons to the House of Lords, to hear the Speech from the Throne, more commonly known as the Queen's Speech. The Speech outlines the Government's legislative proposals for the session; while worded as if it's the Sovereign's own policy, the Speech is in fact entirely drafted by Government ministers. Each session is ended by a prorogation. The Commons are formally summoned to the House of Lords, where another formal Speech is read out, summing up the work of the two Houses of Parliament over the course of the session. In practice the Sovereign no longer attends for the prorogation; Lords Commissioners are appointed to perform the task, and one of their number also reads out the Speech. By law, each Parliament must come to an end no later than five years from its commencement; this is known as dissolution. The dissolution is made by royal proclamation. The summoning, proroguing, and dissolving of Parliament are powers exercised by the Sovereign under the royal prerogative. They are exercised in accordance with the "advice" of the Prime Minister. Because a dissolution is necessary in order to trigger a general election, the Prime Minister was effectively able to choose to hold elections at a time that seems the most advantageous to his or her political party. After the 2010 General Election the Fixed Term Parliament Act was passed in response to the neccessity of a coalition Government. The result of the election meant no party had an overall majority of MP's seats. The incumbant Government failed in their attempts to form a coalition when the two main opposition parties formed a formal coalition and entered Government. Due to the First Past the Post electoral system, the need for coalitions has been extremely rare, and the expectation was that it may be volatile and unstable. To reduce the associated risks of another election the Fixed Term Parliament Act was drafted to ensur


By what patriotic name was the tower containing Big Ben renamed in 2012?

Big Ben's tower renamed Elizabeth Tower in honour of Queen - BBC News BBC News Big Ben's tower renamed Elizabeth Tower in honour of Queen By Kayte Rath Political reporter, BBC News 26 June 2012 Close share panel Image caption The landmark clock and tower at Westminster is commonly known as Big Ben The clock tower widely known as Big Ben is to be renamed the Elizabeth Tower in honour of the Queen, the House of Commons has confirmed. It follows a campaign, backed by most MPs and the three main party leaders, to rename the tower in recognition of the Queen's 60 year reign. At present the famous central London landmark is described by the Palace of Westminster as the Clock Tower. The House of Commons authorities have now agreed the change. Conservative MP Tobias Ellwood originally proposed the idea an early day motion which was backed by 40 MPs. 'Fitting tribute' The motion called on the House of Commons Commission to consider the change "in recognition of Her Majesty's 60 years of unbroken public service on behalf of her country". A subsequent letter of support circulated by Mr Ellwood received the backing of more than half of MPs, including David Cameron, Nick Clegg and Ed Miliband. The prime minister and the Labour leader have both previously described the move as a "fitting tribute" to the Queen. The House of Commons Commission said it welcomed the proposal to rename the tower and "will arrange for this decision to be implemented in an appropriate manner in due course". This is not the first time a part of the Palace of Westminster has been renamed in honour of a monarch. When the Palace was rebuilt in 1860, the west tower, then known as the King's Tower, was renamed the Victoria Tower to commemorate the long reign of Queen Victoria. She is the only other monarch to complete 60 years on the throne. The Big Ben nickname originally referred to the 13.5 tonne Great Bell within the tower, but has long been the commonly used name for the clock and tower as a whole.


Half of a long-term comedy double-act, who hosted an annual telethon for muscular dystrophy for over 40 years in the USA?

American Scary - Host Biographies ZACHERLEY (John Zacherle) Perhaps the single most iconic figure in the genre, John Zacherley began hosting horror movies in late 50s Philadelphia as "Roland." The program was popular enough to attract the attention of WABC in New York, who promptly hired him. With the move, the character underwent a name change to Zacherley, and instantly became one of the iconic figures in the horror host genre. With appearances on American Bandstand, in Famous Monsters of Filmland and The Saturday Evening Post, and the release of the "Dinner With Drac" 45 record, Zacherley became one of the first nationally recognized horror movie hosts. Following his runs in Philadelphia and New York, John Zacherele moved into radio as a long-running deejay. However, the Zacherley character remained popular, and was revived many times over the years, his ghoulish exuberance making him the genre's most recognizable ambassador. He hosted the local dance show, Disc-O-Teen, and appeared on the Mike Douglas and Tom Snyder programs, as well as Saturday Night Live. He's the only horror host to appear twice on cover of Famous Monsters magazine. He lent his name and editorial skills to a pair of paperback horror collections (Zacherley's Vulture Stew and Zacherley's Midnight Snacks) and hosted a new comic book anthology, Midnight Terrors. He is easily the most prolific horror host recording artist, with a number of singles, as well as the albums Spook Along With Zacherley, Zacherley's Monster Mash, Scary Tales, Zacherle's Monster Gallery and Dead Man's Ball. He also made a guest appearance on Rob Zombie's Halloween Hootenanny. His feature film work includes Geek Maggot Bingo, Dr. Horror's House of Erotic Idiots, and Brain Damage. He was also involved in the video projects Zacherley's Horrible Horrors and The Zacherley Archives. He remains a regular fixture at the annual Chiller convention in New Jersey. GHOULARDI (Ernie Anderson) There has never been another horror host with the cultural influence of Ghoulardi. Ernie Anderson's anarchic hipster creation exploded on Cleveland television in the winter of 1962, and proceeded to excite and warp the minds of his fanatic followers until 1966. At his peak, Ghoulardi hosted the Friday night Shock Theater, Saturday afternoon's Masterpiece Theater, and the Monday through Friday kid's show, Laurel, Ghoulardi and Hardy. Public appearances during this period could draw nearly 10,000 spectators and require street closures. Ernie eventually followed his friend and comedy partner, Tim Conway, to Hollywood. Anderson became involved in voice work, and eventually became the long-running announcer for the ABC network through the '70s and '80s. The national television audience may remember Ernie for his mellifluous baritone, inviting viewers to enjoy everything from The Winds of War to The Luuuuuve Boat - but to a generation of Clevelanders, he is first, last, and always Ghoulardi. Catch phrases like, "Stay Sick", "Turn Blue!" and "Parma?!?!?!" continue to raise a smile for those in the know. His legacy continues to this day, with Big Chuck, The Ghoul and Son of Ghoul carrying on the wild late night tradition. Ernie Anderson passed away in 1997. VAMPIRA (Maila Nurmi) The TV horror boom officially began in 1958, with the release of the Shock movie package from Universal studios. Along with the unleashed horrors came their hosts. But a full four years before the explosion, shock waves were coming from the studios of KABC in Los Angeles, CA, where the impossibly waspwaisted Vampira greeted her weekly audience with a bloodcurdling shriek. "Screaming relaxes me so," she would moan with a seductive smile. Maila Nurmi brewed up Vampira out of elements of Charles Addams, screen glamour queens and bondage magazines. Adding to the startling visual a sophisticated graveyard humor, the effect was immediate. Within weeks, Vampira was gaining national attention in the pages of Life and Newsweek magazines. Her fame burned bright, but briefly. Her show was on the air for little more than a year. But in Vampira, M


Which painting technique generally involves the use of egg yolk as a binding medium?

Media Wood Ceramics The materials and techniques selected define the forms of visual expression the artist or designer can develop in their work. The various media offer both distinctive limitations and opportunities for the artist/designer. For this reason we need to look at the media traditionally used in order to understand the context in which visual language evolves. We will do this before we begin to examine the actual styles that have developed historically. Painting and Related Techniques Painting involves applying color to a surface. The colors were traditionally earth pigments which were ground into a fine powder and then mixed with a medium, usually a liquid, so they can be applied to a surface. Today there are also some artificial compounds used as pigments. The choice of the medium and the method by which the color is applied have important effects on the characteristics of the finished work, since each medium has its own limitations and potentials. We will discuss many different painting related media: Encaustic Acrylic paints Collage The  oldest examples of painting date to more than 20,000 B.C, and can be found in  the caves  in southern France . The best known of these caves is at Lascaux, although  there are many others. These portraits of animals and hunters were probably  done with a mixture of minerals such as ochre, with animal fat used as the medium.  Rock paintings in this technique can be seen in many parts of the world. Encaustic In the technique known as encaustic , the medium for the powdered color is hot wax which is painted onto a wood surface with a brush. It is then smoothed with a metal instrument resembling a spoon, and then blended and set over a flame to soften and set the colors into the wood. This method produces durable colors and permits sculptural modeling of the paint surface. Because of the wax medium, the colors are semi-translucent and look fresh and lively. This technique is rare today, but it was practiced in late Roman times; for example, we have burial portraits from Faiyum, Egypt, 2nd century, A.D. Fresco Secco In the dry plaster or "fresco secco" technique, pigments are usually mixed with water, although other substances might also be used. The paint is then applied to a dry plaster wall which has been wetted down with water. Since the plaster is relatively dry, it is non-absorbent, and the pigment adheres to the surface of the plaster. This technique differs from true fresco (described below) in several ways. The colors tend to flake off the surface of the plaster. The colors have a harder and more brilliant appearance and tend to be lighter in value than those in true fresco. Advantages of the technique are that the painting can be done more slowly and carefully, and changes can be made simply by over-painting, since colors are opaque. Examples: Egyptian murals , 2500-1000 B.C. Fresco Fresco, also known as Buon Fresco or True Fresco, entails painting on freshly spread, moist plaster. First, layers of plaster are applied to the surface. While the final layer is still wet, the artist applies the colors, which are earth pigments mixed with water. The colors penetrate the wet plaster and combine chemically with it, producing a painted surface which does not peel when exposed to moisture. As the paint must be painted on wet plaster, the amount of plaster which may be put down at one time is limited to what can be painted at one sitting. Often lines can be seen in frescos around an area which was one day's work. The painting must be done rapidly and without mistakes. It produces a mat surface with fairly desaturated colors. This technique was perfected in Renaissance Italy. Examples include Roman wall paintings at Pompeii, 1st century A.D ; Giotto's Arena Chapel at Padua , 14th C.; Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling , 16th C. Egg Tempera In this method, the pigment is mixed with egg yolk or both the yolk and white of an egg. It is thinned with water and applied to a gesso ground (plaster mixed with a binding) on a panel. It was


What term for the left-hand side was replaced by `pore in the Royal Navy in 1844?

Ship & Shipbuilding Terminology, complete terminology database listing Anchor building tools in the Age of Sail. Anchor's Aweigh: Expression for when the anchor is just clear of the bottom. Was also called atrip. Anchorage: Any location where a ship savely can and is allowed to drop anchor , most often a location within or just outside a harbour. Apeak: When an object such as an anchor or an oar is in a vertical position (straight-up). The anchor was said to be apeak when directly under the hawse . When oars where apeak, they were held straight up. Apron: 1. A planked platform at the entrance to a dock. 2. A rectangular piece of metal mounted over the touch-hole of a cannon to keep the charge covered and dry. 3. A curved timber fixed behind the lower part of the stem , immediately above the foremost end of the keel . An apron was intended to strengthen the connection between the stem and the keel . Also called gripe or gripe piece. Armada: A large fleet of warships. Articles: Signed documents indicating a crew member's responsibilities, duties, rank and/or position on board a ship. Astern: Any distance behind a ship, as opposed to a-head, which is before her. Astrolabe: A navigational instrument. It consisted of a dial, showing degrees, with an arm (alidade) pivoting through the centre. This arm, had a projection with a small hole on each end, you would line these up so a celestial body would be visible through both and the astrolabe's degree markings would indicate the celestial object's angle in the sky. It was used to determine a ships position by finding and predicting the position of the stars and the sun through triangulation. With the mariners astrolabe, latitude could be determined using the Pole Star or the Sun. The astrolabe was the main navigational instrument until the invention of the sextant in the 16th century. Athwart: From side to side; crosswise or perpendicular to the keel . Auger: A shipwright's tool for drilling holes in timbers . Avast: Stop! Halt! Cease! Awning: A canopy, often made from extra sail material, over a weather deck , gallery or quarter gallery , intended to shield the officers and crew from the sun in warmer climates or hot weather. Axe: A shipwright's tool, the shipwright's axe came in a variety of shapes. The shape of the blade depended on the function of the axe. De edge of the blade was either straight or curved, most were curved; The angle of the blade also varied depending whether hard or softer wood was to be cut, a thinner blade was required for the hardest woods. A typical size would be a 1.4" (3.5cm) thick blade, a blade height of 4.1" (10.5cm) and a blade length of 7.4" (19cm). Azimuth: Used in celestial navigation , it was the angle measured clockwise around the horizon from the North point to a point on the horizon vertically below the observed celestial object. Azimuth was determined with the help of a compass . - North = 0/360 degrees Balance Frame: The forward-most and aftermost frame of the full-width part of the hull . Balinger: A small single-masted sailing vessel, used in the 15th and 16th century. Ballast: Heavy material, such as iron, lead or stone placed in the bottom of a ship's hold to keep the vessel steady by lowering her centre of gravity and increasing her draft . Baltimore Clipper: A two-masted fore-and-aft gaff-rigged schooner-like ship also carrying square sails on the foremast and often used in the role of a blockade-runner or privateer . The masts were set at extreme angles, as it was believed at the time to provide for better speed. Baltimore clippers were also used to transport prospectors and settlers from the East Coast to the West Coast during the California gold-rush. Banking: A term for fishing the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. A vessel doing so was called a banker. Barca-longa: A two- or three-masted Mediterranean vessel carrying lugsails . Barque Longue: A relatively small 17th century two-masted square-rigged sailing vessel best known for its use by early Fench explorers. Examples of a barque Longue Barratry: An unlawful act or fraudulent brea