Cobalt, Cyan and Cerulean are shades of which colour?

Blue, azure, cerulean, cobalt: English has colorful vocabulary Blue, azure, cerulean, cobalt: English has colorful vocabulary Richard Nilsen The Arizona Republic Aug. 5, 2007 12:00 AM In English, there are 11 essential color names: black, white, gray, red, green, blue, yellow, brown, orange, pink and purple. Other colors are described by analogy: peach, turquoise, salmon, fuchsia, chartreuse. Some of the essential words were originally descriptive, like orange - like the fruit - and pink - like the dianthus blossom. But by now, their use as names for colors are taken for granted. We don't ever think of the roadside flower when we call something pink. advertisement It's a cultural thing But other languages and other cultures have divided up the color wheel in different ways and have other ways of understanding colors. Some languages, mostly of tribal peoples, only distinguish between black and white, or dark and light, with blue being catalogued with the other dark colors and red and yellow with the light colors. Context alone makes the distinction. There are quite a few languages that make no distinction between blue and green. In Vietnamese, both grass and sky are xanh, and one says "xanh like the leaves" or "xanh like the sky" to express the difference. In Japanese, what we call a green traffic light, they call aoi, or "blue." They also describe the color of a green apple as blue. This shouldn't be so odd. In English we make a distinction between red and pink, even though pink is just a light red (or magenta), but we make no such distinction between blue and light blue. The Russians do and so do the Italians. In Russian, dark blue is siniy and light blue is goluboy and bear the same relation in that culture as red and pink do in English. In general, we make finer distinctions between colors on the red-yellow end of the spectrum than we do on the blue-green end. We have names for some of the blue-greens, but no stable idea of what they mean: turquoise is bluish or greenish. Azure is either light blue or light blue-green. It's impossible to pin these names down. Blues have a long history as linguistic troublemakers. Homer, of course, famously described the Mediterranean as the "wine-dark sea." It is said that "the Greeks had a word for it," but in this case, they didn't seem to have a word for "blue." Aristotle and other Greek writers seem to believe that all colors were derived from black and white. If you started with black and added white, you would get the blues and greens. If you started with white and darkened it, you would get yellows and reds. The Greek word kyanos, which gives us our modern English "cyan" seems to have meant something like "dark colored" and subsumed colors we would call blue. But its usage in Greek literature makes clear it isn't just blue - Hektor's hair, for instance is described as kyanos in the Iliad, and there is no implication he was a punk rocker with blue hair. What's blue to you? Even today in English, there is ambiguity: What painters call blue and what color theorists call blue are two different things: Painters use the word for a wide range of blues, mostly up near the royal-blue end of things, while scientists use the word to describe a dark, almost purple shade that's used in the additive system of color (used in televisions, for instance). Fights can break out when the two camps meet. Our understanding of color changes historically, too. The word "blue" comes from a root that means "shining" and used to describe the color we now call yellow. And before citrus fruits were introduced to Europe in the Middle Ages, orange had no separate identity from yellow. Once they had oranges to eat, they had the color orange to talk about, too. The trend in English is a great proliferation of color names. Marketing requires that colors be given attractive and tantalizing names. One of the first companies to do this was Binney & Smith, whose Crayola crayons have always had some very pretty colors to sell: bittersweet, cornflower, mahogany, maize, periwinkle, thistle. You wouldn't necess


What was US singer and actor Dean Martin’s only UK number one hit single?

Dean Martin - Biography - IMDb Dean Martin Biography Showing all 99 items Jump to: Overview  (5) | Mini Bio  (1) | Spouse  (3) | Trade Mark  (3) | Trivia  (59) | Personal Quotes  (24) | Salary  (4) Overview (5) 5' 11" (1.8 m) Mini Bio (1) If there had to be an image for cool, the man to fit it would be Dean Martin. Martin was born Dino Paul Crocetti in Steubenville, Ohio, to Angela (Barra) and Gaetano Alfonso Crocetti, a barber. His father was an Italian immigrant, and his mother was of Italian descent. He spoke only Italian until age five. Martin came up the hard way, with such jobs as a boxer (named Kid Crochet), a steel mill worker, a gas station worker and a card shark. In 1946, he got his first ticket to stardom, as he teamed up with another hard worker who was also trying to hit it big in Hollywood: Jerry Lewis . Films such as At War with the Army (1950) sent the team toward superstardom. The duo were to become one of Hollywood's truly great teams. They lasted 11 years together, and starred in 16 movies. They were unstoppable, but personality conflicts broke up the team. Even without Lewis, Martin was a true superstar. Few thought that Martin would go on to achieve solo success, but he did, winning critical acclaim for his role in The Young Lions (1958) with Marlon Brando and Montgomery Clift , and Some Came Running (1958), with Shirley MacLaine and Frank Sinatra . Movies such as Rio Bravo (1959) brought him international fame. One of his best remembered films is in Ocean's 11 (1960), in which he played Sam Harmon alongside the other members of the legendary Rat Pack: Frank Sinatra , Sammy Davis Jr. , Joey Bishop and Peter Lawford . Martin proved potent at the box office throughout the 1960s, with films such as Bells Are Ringing (1960) and Robin and the 7 Hoods (1964), again with Rat Pack pals Sammy Davis Jr. and Sinatra. During much of the 1960s and 1970s, Martin's movie persona of a boozing playboy prompted a series of films as secret agent Matt Helm and his own television variety show. Airport (1970) followed, featuring Martin as a pilot. He also played a phony priest in The Cannonball Run (1981). In 1965, Martin explored a new method for entertaining his fans: Television. That year he hosted one of the most successful TV series in history: The Dean Martin Show (1965), which lasted until 1973. In 1965 it won a Golden Globe Award. In 1973 he renamed it "The Dean Martin Comedy Hour", and from 1974 to 1984 it was renamed again, this time "The Dean Martin Celebrity Roasts". It became one of the most successful TV series in history, skewering such greats as Bob Hope , Frank Sinatra , Lucille Ball , James Stewart , George Burns ' Milton Berle , Don Rickles Phyllis Diller , and Joe Namath . His last public role was a return to the stage, for a cross-country concert tour with Davis and Sinatra. He spoke affectionately of his fellow Rat Packers. "The satisfaction that I get out of working with these two bums is that we have more laughs than the audience has", Martin said. After the 1980s, Martin took it easy--that is, until his son, Dean Paul Martin died in a plane crash in 1987. Devastated by the loss, from which he never recovered, he walked out on a reunion tour with Sinatra and Davis. Martin spent his final years in solitude. He died on Christmas Day, 1995. - IMDb Mini Biography By: Anonymous and deanmartin101 Spouse (3) Born at 11:55pm-CST Interred at Westwood Memorial Park, Los Angeles, California, USA. His parents were Gaetano and Angella Crocetti. Although born in Ohio, he spoke only Italian until age 5. He had a fear of elevators and a love of comic books, which he read his entire life. His career as a boxer was described by him as follows, "I won all but 11 fights." When asked how many he'd fought, he'd reply, "A dozen." In reality, he fought 36 bouts and won 25 of them under the name Dino Crocetti. He reportedly fought under the nickname Kid Crochet, although no records of fights have been found under that name. Died exactly 29 years to the day (25 December 1995) after his mother, Angela Crocetti (25 December


Which English playwright wrote the 1925 play ‘Fallen Angels’?

Fallen Angels - Drama Online Fallen Angels Copyright © by NC Aventales AG, successors in title to the Estate of Noël Coward Enquire about performing rights for professional performances at: Alan Brodie Representation Ltd, Paddock Suite, The Courtyard, 55 Charterhouse Street, London EC1M 6HA [ http://www.alanbrodie.com ] Enquire about performing rights for amateur performances at: Samuel French Ltd, 52 Fitzroy Street, London W1P 6JR [ https://samuelfrench-london.co.uk ] All rights whatsoever in this play are strictly reserved and application for performance etc. should be made before rehearsals to the performance rights holder. No performance may be given unless a licence has been obtained. No rights in incidental music or songs contained in the Work are hereby granted and performance rights for any performance/presentation whatsoever must be obtained from the respective copyright owners. Acts: 3. Roles: Male (3)                       , Female (3)                       , Neutral (0) Read play » Fallen Angels is a biting, hilarious comedy about the rivalry between two bored married women as they await the arrival of their exotic former lover. Dramatising female sexual desire and frustration, the play’s first performances in 1925 outraged the critics, who proclaimed it to be shocking and obscene. As Jane and Julia’s lacklustre husbands set off for a golfing weekend, a postcard arrives announcing the imminent visit of the dashing Maurice. This sets in play an evening of drunkenness and fevered anticipation, as Jane and Julia wait for dinner with their guest, and former lover. Host to hilarious interchanges and brilliant slapstick, the scenes also radically question female friendship, rivalry and sexual behaviour. What will happen when Maurice arrives? Can Jane and Julia’s relationship actually be maintained, as they claim? Rather than insulting British womanhood (as its scandalised opponents asserted) Coward’s sharp, entertaining script incisively draws attention to male sexual hypocrisy, while probing the vacuous lives of the play's privileged protagonists. Related


Chicago Pile-1 (CP-1) was the world’s first what?

Early Exploration - Reactors designed/built by Argonne National Laboratory Early Exploration Tweet BOOKSHELF “Plentiful        Energy: The Story of the Integral Fast Reactor” by Charles E. Till and Yoon        Chang gives the history of the IFR at        Argonne. The book is available on Amazon.com… More about the IFR » Early Exploration Early exploration nuclear reactors designed by the Manhattan Project's Metallurgical Laboratory,    the direct predecessor to Argonne National Laboratory, began the development of nuclear technology. CP-3 CP-1 (Chicago Pile 1 Reactor) This drawing depicts the historic Dec. 2, 1942, event -- the first controlled, self-sustaining       nuclear chain reaction. It took place under     the abandoned football stands at the University of Chicago. Click on photo to view a larger       image. Chicago Pile 1 was the world's first nuclear reactor, built in 1942 by Nobel     Prize winner Enrico Fermi. The reactor was built underneath the University of Chicago's Stagg     Field football stadium. On Dec. 2, 1942, Enrico Fermi and 48 of his colleagues succeed in achieving     in this reactor the world’s first man-made controlled nuclear chain reaction, thereby     establishing the ability of mankind to control the release of nuclear energy. He and other scientists     from that group later founded Argonne National Laboratory. Scale model of CP-1 reactor. Courtesy Archival Photographic Files, [apf2-00504], Special       Collections Research Center, University of Chicago Library. Click on photo to view a larger image. Download      image from Flickr The photograph at right shows a scale model depicting Fermi’s reactor setup on that day     in 1942. The model shows a segment of the football stadium and gives a perspective on where     the reactor was located under the stands. Fermi and his colleagues were assembled on the balcony     to the right to observe the instruments recording the neutron intensity in the pile. After the     reactor had sustained the chain reaction for 28 minutes the operators to the right of the reactor     (in the left foreground of the photo) pushed in a cadmium control rod called zip, which absorbed     neutrons and ended the chain reaction. The reactor fuel was lumps of uranium metal and uranium     oxide; these were spaced on a cubic lattice within layers of graphite, with some graphite layers     containing only uranium metal pseudospheres, some only uranium oxide pseudospheres, and some     containing both. The pile was built by alternating graphite layers seeded with uranium metal     and/or uranium oxide with layers of solid graphite blocks. The completed reactor contained 57     layers, which was about one layer beyond the critical stage needed to sustain the chain reaction. Early in 1943, CP-1 was dismantled and moved to a less-populated site in the "Argonne     Forest" section of the Cook County Forest Preserve in Palos Park. That part of the forest     has since been renamed, but its appellation survives today in the name of Argonne National Laboratory. For more information on CP-1 : Watch the video on YouTube (posted on May 15, 2014) CP-2 (Chicago Pile 2 Reactor) In early 1943, Chicago Pile 1 was dismantled at the University of Chicago, moved to the       Argonne Forest section of the Palos Hills Forest Preserve, and renamed Chicago Pile 2.       Click on photo to view a larger image. In early 1943 Manhattan Engineer District disassembled Chicago      Pile 1 and rebuilt it at Palos Park, IL, as Chicago      Pile 2. CP-2 had a thermal- power level of 10 kW. The fuel for CP-2 was      natural uranium (uranium in which the natural abundance of the isotopes uranium-234, uranium-235,      and uranium-238 has not been altered). A small laboratory atop the 14,000-ton reactor provided      space for limited experiments using neutrons from the reactor's core. The reactor's face contained


Who wrote ‘The Joy of Sex’, first published in 1972?

Stuart Jeffries on how The Joy of Sex has changed since 1972 | Books | The Guardian Share on Messenger Close The first edition of the Joy of Sex considered sex on moving motorbikes. "If you have access to a private road, the hazards are yours," counselled the book's ironically surnamed author Dr Alex Comfort. Thirty-six years and 8m copies in 22 languages later, that passage has been excised from the New Joy of Sex. Funless if sensible safety legislation has since made sex on moving motorbikes illegal. Doing it on horseback (as mentioned in the 1972 edition) is also outlawed. So stop that too. More importantly, The New Joy of Sex offers a woman's perspective for the first time. Psychologist Susan Quilliam has updated the original manual with 43 new sections. While acknowledging that Comfort was "fully committed to women's pleasure", Quilliam argues that we have since learned more about how to achieve it. So, for instance, there's much more on the clitoris (the old edition had only four sentences). Hurrah! But the book's still only targeted at straight couples. Boo! Quilliam's updated version aims to reflect four decades of socio-sexual change. Out goes the prostitution section ("We didn't think it had anything to do with loving relationships"). In come hormones, sex shops, striptease, sex during pregnancy, and a harrowing section on penis injuries caused by vacuum cleaners ("very hard to repair satisfactorily"). There's also lots about cybersex. "Text, email, webcams, teledildonics can all be used to wind each other up to fever pitch during the working day prior to extended evening action," she writes. Quilliam, though, might have mentioned that some bosses frown on virtual foreplay during office hours. Some things remain. The big toe, for instance. "The pad of the male big toe applied to the clitoris or the vulva generally is a magnificent erotic instrument," wrote Comfort, words that appear unchanged in the new edition. Quilliam reckons to have cut only 9% of the original. And there is also a section about horses, though not about lovemaking while astride moving ones. Equine roleplay has been practised since Aristotle was ridden horse-style by his lover. Those with bigger budgets than his might consider using a bit and saddle, or even pulling a small trap during S&M sessions, Quilliam suggests. "Either sex can be the steed," she adds, in a remark typifying The New Joy of Sex's egalitarian spirit. Happy days!


Amnesty International was founded in which year?

Amnesty International - History Amnesty International The Nobel Peace Prize 1977 Amnesty International Share this: Amnesty International - History Amnesty International was founded in  1961 by Peter Benenson, a British lawyer. It was originally his  intention to launch an appeal in Britain with the aim of  obtaining an amnesty for prisoners of conscience all over the  world. The committee working for this cause soon found that a  detailed documentation of this category of prisoners would be  needed. Gradually they realized that the work would have to be  carried out on a more permanent basis; the number of prisoners of  conscience was enormous and they were to be found in every part  of the world. Amnesty International is a world-embracing movement working for  the protection of human rights. It is independent of all  governments and is neutral in its relation to political groups,  ideologies and religious dividing lines. The movement works for  the release of women and men who have been arrested for their  convictions, the colour of their skin, their ethnic origin or  their faith - provided that they have not themselves used force  or exhorted others to resort to violence. It is this category of  prisoners that Amnesty International calls "prisoners of  conscience". The movement proclaimed 1977 "Prisoners of  Conscience Year" and collected signatures for an appeal addressed  to the General Assembly of the United Nations. To begin with, Amnesty International was a British organization,  but in 1963 an international secretariat was established. Seán Mac Bride - later  awarded the Nobel peace prize - became chairman of the  organization in 1963, at a time when Amnesty International was  rapidly expanding. Ten years after its foundation the  organization comprised more than 1000 voluntary groups in 28  countries and the figures are steadily rising. In February this  year (1977) there were 1874 groups in 33 countries. The present  chairman of Amnesty International is the Swede Thomas  Hammarberg. In addition to its work for the prisoners of conscience - "the  forgotten prisoners" - Amnesty International has also carried on  campaigns against torture and ill-treatment as well as - in  recent years - against capital punishment. In the statutes  adopted by the organization in 1974 these three tasks are named  as the most important ones for Amnesty International.


Singer Alvin Stardust played pub landlord Greg Andersen in which UK tv soap?

Alvin Stardust: Obituary - BBC News BBC News Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Alvin Stardust in 1981 With his bouffant quiff and extravagant sideburns, Alvin Stardust became a huge star with 1970s glam rock hits such as My Coo Ca Choo, You You You and Jealous Mind. The singer and actor, who has died aged 72, had a career spanning more than five decades that included stage musicals and a stint in soap opera Hollyoaks. Born Bernard Jewry in London's Muswell Hill in 1942, Stardust moved to Mansfield in Nottinghamshire with his family where his father had a new job as a salesman. According to his official biography, his early musical influences came from the children's Saturday matinees at his local cinema where his idols were the singing cowboys, Roy Rogers and Gene Autry. On his 12th birthday, the young Jewry was given his first guitar by his mother. He took it with him on a bus to Doncaster to see Buddy Holly, where he talked his way backstage and "jammed" with the singer and his band the Crickets. Holly signed the guitar and over the years it had also been autographed by music stars such as Eddie Cochran, Gene Vincent, Johnny Kidd, Billy Fury, Bill Haley, The Beatles and The Rolling Stones. Image copyright PA Image caption Alvin Stardust, then known as Shane Fenton, at Shirley Bassey's Record Shop on West End Lane, London, in 1962 In an interview with The Scotsman in 2010, Stardust said he'd considered the guitar lost until he rediscovered the instrument - which he had named Peggy Sue - at his mother's house after she died. The discovery helped him decide to return to live touring. He insured Peggy Sue for £2m. "I wouldn't sell it," the singer told the newspaper. "That's my teenage years and memories of my mum when she bought it for me." Stardust signed his first record deal in 1961 as the frontman of Shane Fenton and the Fentones. He had been asked to step in after the death of the group's previous singer, Johnny Theakstone. The band had a number of top 40 hits in the early 1960s and toured throughout Europe. But it wasn't until 1973, when he signed up with Magnet Records, the singer took the name that would make him most famous. Alvin Stardust's first hit My Coo Ca Choo, written by Peter Shelley, reached number two in the UK in December 1973. The follow-up single - Jealous Mind in 1974 - also by Shelley, was his only UK number one. Now a household name, Stardust appeared on TV in the mid-1970s as part of the Green Cross Code road safety campaign. Image copyright PA Image caption Alvin Stardust and Liza Goddard on their wedding day in 1981 Success continued into the 1980s with top 10 hits Pretend, I Feel Like Buddy Holly (written and produced by Mike Batt) and I Won't Run Away. In the 1990s, Stardust turned to acting and made stage appearances in shows such as Godspell and David Copperfield - The Musical. He spent six months in Chitty Chitty Bang Bang as the Child Catcher at the London Palladium in 2005. He presented his own Sunday morning children's TV series, It's Stardust, on ITV in the late 1980s, while other TV appearances included Hollyoaks - where he played pub landlord Greg Andersen in 1995-96 - and Doctors. More recently he spoofed his Green Cross Code campaign on Harry Hill's TV Burp. Returning to touring in 2010, Stardust resurrected his leather-clad persona singing his hits and cover versions. Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Alvin Stardust, pictured here in 2010, was still touring until shortly before his death A Guardian review of a gig in Skegness said Stardust did "outrageously sensual things to Duffy's Mercy and Johnny Kidd's Shakin' All Over". It concluded: "As My Coo Ca Choo sees him spraying champagne over gyrating fans well past retirement age, Stardust's career seems as wonderfully ludicrous as ever." Stardust married three times. His first wife was Iris Caldwell, with whom he had two sons, Shaun and Adam. His second wife was the actress Liza Goddard, with whom he had a daughter, Sophie. His third wife was Julie Paton, an actress and choreographer, with whom he had a daughter,


In the novel ‘Gulliver’s Travels’ what is Gulliver’s first name?

The 100 best novels, No 3 – Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan Swift (1726) | Books | The Guardian The 100 best novels The 100 best novels, No 3 – Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan Swift (1726) Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels comes third in our list of the best novels written in English. Robert McCrum discusses a satirical masterpiece that’s never been out of print On the island of Lilliput: a colour print from an 1860s edition of Gulliver’s Travels. Photograph: Alamy Sunday 6 October 2013 08.00 EDT Last modified on Thursday 1 December 2016 10.59 EST Share on Messenger Close Seven years after the publication of Robinson Crusoe , the great Tory essayist and poet Jonathan Swift – inspired by the Scriblerus club, whose members included John Gay and Alexander Pope – composed a satire on travel narratives that became an immediate bestseller. According to Gay, Gulliver was soon being read “from the cabinet council to the nursery”. In its afterlife as a classic, Gulliver’s Travels works on many levels. First, it’s a masterpiece of sustained and savage indignation, “furious, raging, obscene”, according to Thackeray . Swift’s satirical fury is directed against almost every aspect of early 18th-century life: science, society, commerce and politics. Second, stripped of Swift’s dark vision, it becomes a wonderful travel fantasy for children, a perennial favourite that continues to inspire countless versions, in books and films. Finally, as a polemical tour de force, full of wild imagination, it became a source for Voltaire, as well as the inspiration for a Telemann violin suite, Philip K Dick’s science-fiction story The Prize Ship , and, perhaps most influential of all, George Orwell’s Animal Farm. Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World by Lemuel Gulliver (to give its original title) comes in four parts, and opens with Gulliver’s shipwreck on the island of Lilliput, whose inhabitant are just six inches high. The most famous and familiar part of the book (“Lilliputian” soon became part of the language) is a satirical romp in which Swift takes some memorable shots at English political parties and their antics, especially the controversy on the matter of whether boiled eggs should be opened at the big or the little end. Next, Gulliver’s ship, the Adventure, gets blown off course and he is abandoned on Brobdingnag whose inhabitants are giants with a proportionately gigantic landscape. Here, having been dominant on Lilliput, Gulliver is exhibited as a curious midget, and has a number of local dramas such as fighting giant wasps. He also gets to discuss the condition of Europe with the King, who concludes with Swiftian venom that “the bulk of your natives [are] the most pernicious race of odious little vermin that Nature ever suffered to crawl upon the surface of the earth.” In the third part of his travels, Gulliver visits the flying island of Laputa (a place-name also referenced in Stanley Kubrick’s film Dr Strangelove ), and Swift mounts a dark and complicated assault on the speculations of contemporary science (notably spoofing the attempted extraction of sunbeams from cucumbers). Finally, in the section that influenced Orwell (Gulliver’s Travels was one of his favourite books), Swift describes the country of the Houyhnhnms, horses with the qualities of rational men. These he contrasts with the loathsome Yahoos, brutes in human shape. Orwell would later echo Swift’s misanthropy, looking ahead to a time “when the human race had finally been overthrown.” At the end of it all, Gulliver returns home from his travels in a state of alienated wisdom, purged and matured by his experiences. “I write,” he concludes, “for the noblest end, to inform and instruct mankind… I write without any view to profit or praise. I never suffer a word to pass that may possibly give the least offence, even to those who are most ready to take it. So that I hope I may with justice pronounce myself an author perfectly blameless…” When he died in 1745, Swift, remembered as “the gloomy Dean”, was buried in Dublin with the famous epitaph “ubi saeva indignatio


In February 1935, Wallace H. Carothers first produced which synthetic material?

Wallace Carothers and the Development of Nylon - Landmark - American Chemical Society Wallace Carothers and Polymer Science Wallace Carothers and the Development of Nylon National Historic Chemical Landmark Dedicated October 26, 1995, at the DuPont nylon plant in Seaford, Delaware (now operated by Invista), and November 17, 2000, at the DuPont Experimental Station in Wilmington, Delaware. Commemorative Booklet—The Establishment of Modern Polymer Science By Wallace H. Carothers (PDF) The establishment of modern polymer science by Wallace Carothers and the first nylon plant, built by DuPont, at Seaford, are two deeply interwoven National Historic Chemical Landmarks. The research of Carothers not only confirmed the existence of molecules of extremely high molecular weight, but led as well to the development of nylon, the first totally synthetic fiber used in consumer products. Contents “The Establishment of Modern Polymer Science By Wallace H. Carothers” commemorative booklet produced by the National Historic Chemical Landmarks program of the American Chemical Society in 2000 (PDF). Developments in Modern Polymer Science When Wallace H. Carothers joined the research staff of E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company (DuPont) in early 1928, polymer science was still in its infancy — poorly understood and full of uncertainties. By the early 20th century, chemists had learned that many materials were polymeric — including such natural substances as proteins, cellulose, and rubber. Other polymers had been synthesized in the laboratory from smaller molecules like styrene, vinyl chloride, and acrylic acid. At least one synthetic polymer, Bakelite , a hard resin produced from phenol and formaldehyde by Leo H. Baekeland in 1907, was a big commercial success. Chemists knew, too, that polymers were molecules of high molecular weight (for example 40,000 or more) made up of huge numbers of smaller chemical units. But how these units were arranged and held together was not clear. Many eminent chemists believed that polymers were aggregates, perhaps colloids, consisting of relatively small molecules held together by some intermolecular force of uncertain nature. In the early 1920s, the German organic chemist (and 1953 Nobel laureate) Hermann Staudinger postulated that polymers consisted of units linked together by the same covalent bonds found in smaller organic molecules. Throughout the 1920s, Staudinger supported his view with new experimental evidence, and other chemists, among them Karl Freudenberg, Michael Polanyi, Kurt Meyer, and Herman Mark , came up with additional evidence backing Staudinger. The subject, nevertheless, remained controversial well into the 1930s. Carothers had no direct contact with these chemists, but his ideas were generally in line with those of Staudinger. His research approach, on the other hand, was quite different. Whereas Staudinger focused his study on the analysis of natural polymers, Carothers built up polymers by reacting small organic molecules by means of well-known reactions — for example, by combining dicarboxylic acids with diols or diamines — to form long, macromolecular chains. In addition to the many experimental studies, Carothers believed that mathematics could be applied to understand the formation and properties of polymers. To this end, Paul J. Flory was hired in 1934 and introduced to polymers by Carothers. The seminal ideas they advanced provided the foundation of many of the theoretical methods for studying polymers used to this day. Flory's accomplishments were recognized with the 1974 Nobel Prize in chemistry. The research accomplishments of Staudinger and Carothers, along with that of their colleagues, during the 1920s and 1930s laid the foundations of modern polymer science and today's plastics, synthetic fiber, and rubber industries. Foundations of Polymer Science: Hermann Staudinger and Macromolecules Wallace Carothers Begins Polymer Research at DuPont In late 1926, Charles M. A. Stine, director of DuPont’s chemical department in Wilmington, Delaware, convinced the company's executive


National Mustang Association What       is a Mustang? The       term "Mustang" refers to the wild horses that roam the       ranges of the western United States.  The Mustang is not a       breed but rather a mixture of many breeds that have co-mingled over       many years.  Swift, sure-footed, tough, and intelligent,       Mustangs weigh from 600 to 1000 pounds and are well suited for the       rugged conditions of life on the western ranges. These wild horses are       descendants of animals that escaped from or were released by Spanish       explorers, ranchers, miners, soldiers, and Native Americans.  In the mid-seventeenth century they numbered between two and four       million.  Today, only about 50,000 survive.  This drastic       reduction in their numbers was due in part to the "mustangers" who rounded up wild horses and sent them to slaughter. After a nationwide       grassroots effort to protect these magnificent creatures, Congress       passed the Wild Free-Roaming Horse and Burro Act in 1971 which       states: "..wild free roaming horses..are living symbols of the       historic and pioneer spirit of the West; they contribute to the       diversity of life forms within the nation and enrich the lives of       the American people". The Bureau of Land       Management (BLM), an agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior       that administers 264 million acres of public lands, was entrusted       with the responsibility of preserving and managing the wild horse herds       to maintain an ecological balance between wild horse hers to       maintain an ecological balance between wild horses, native wildlife       and domestic animals grazing on western public lands. Wild       Horse Issues But       with so many millions of acres of public lands under its       jurisdiction, the BLM needs assistance from private citizens and       organizations to monitor the well-being of the wild horse herds and       the rangeland they inhabit.  For example, over the last thirty       years many environmental changes have occurred that have adversely       affected wild horse habitat. In addition, the rangelands where Mustangs roam free have come under heavy attack by some who feel their personal survival is threatened as well as those who feel the wild horse is interfering with the grazing 'rights' of other types of animals on those same lands. Report after report tells gruesome stories of wild horses that       have been found dead.  Some of these animals were shot, others       poisoned, and still others died from thirst or starvation.  Many experienced slow, agonizing deaths.  This wanton slaughter       and destruction of a national resource cannot be allowed to       continue.


Englishman Bob Nudd has been world champion four times in which sport?

A-Z of British world champions | Sport | The Guardian A-Z of British world champions Pete Nichols Monday 24 December 2001 17.55 EST First published on Monday 24 December 2001 17.55 EST Lisa Adams Waterskiing - cable-ski slalom Adams, from Weybridge, took up waterskiing as a four-year-old in Corfu and won her first European trophy at 11. Since switching to cable-skiing (pulled by an overhead cable rather than boat) at the age of 15 she has won seven national titles and eight European titles, and in 2000, only two days after her 20th birthday, she won the world slalom title. Kate Allenby, Stephanie Cook, Georgina Harland and Sian Lewis Modern pentathlon - women's individual (Cook), team (Allenby, Cook, Lewis) and relay (Allenby, Cook, Harland) If the Olympic victory of Stephanie Cook, right, was the finest hour for Britain's pentathletes, the world championships at Millfield School in Somerset in July ran it close. In a rare show of dominance the host nation came away with all three women's titles. Cook, of course, was the star of the show, participating in relay and team victories before adding her first individual world title. Cook chose that moment to bow out. It was a blow, but she could hardly have left the sport in better heart. The 23-year-old Georgina Harland, who had beaten Cook in the British championships in April, powered through in the final stages of the run to take third place at Millfield; the Olympic bronze medallist Kate Allenby placed fifth; and Sian Lewis was 14th. Remarkably, had Cook's score not counted at all, Britain would still have won the team title. Kate Brown Clay pigeon shooting - English sporting The 22-year-old from Walton in Leicestershire took up the sport little more than four years ago but has twice been crowned world champion in the English sporting discipline. Her first title came at Findon, Sussex, last year. This spring she successfully defended her crown in San Antonio in Texas. Daniel Caines Athletics - indoor 400m Caines won his world title in Lisbon in March, squeezing home ahead of the American Milton Campbell. The 22-year-old Swansea graduate comes from an accomplished sporting family. His uncles Garry and Keith Thompson played for Aston Villa and Coventry respectively and his mother Blondelle was an international hurdler. Charlotte Cornwallis Real tennis Penny Lumley had dominated real tennis since she won her first title in 1989, losing only three games in 12 years. When the 28-year-old Cornwallis triumphed in Washington DC it was arguably the biggest shock ever in women's real tennis. James Cracknell, Matthew Pinsent and Neil Chugani Rowing - coxed pair and coxless pair When you have won three Olympic titles before your 30th birthday motivation can be a problem. So, for Matthew Pinsent the priority for this year was to find a goal that would challenge the rower generally recognised to be the strongest in world sweep rowing. The partnership with James Cracknell, right, also in the winning coxless four at Sydney, provided just that. Together, they mapped out a world championships schedule never previously successfully undertaken, that of winning both the final of the coxed pair and the coxless pair, the two events held within 90 minutes of each other at Lucerne. The first challenge had been Cracknell's, having to switch his oar to the bowside (left) of the boat meant a different pattern to the stroke. His adaptation was swift, as victory in the first World Cup win in Princeton confirmed. Two more World Cup victories secured the overall title and allowed them to opt out of the final. In the world championships at Lucerne, the coxed pair came first, Cracknell and Pinsent joined by the cox Neil Chugani. Their victory over the Italians was close but nothing like as close as what was to come. Less than two hours later, and coxless, they lined up for their second final. Pinsent, by his own admission, only ever does as much as he has to but he could surely never have planned a victory that saw them beat the Yugoslavians by four inches or two hundredths of a second. George Digweed Cla


The heat of what is measured on the Scoville Scale?

How Hot is That Pepper? How Scientists Measure Spiciness   |   Arts & Culture | Smithsonian How Hot is That Pepper? How Scientists Measure Spiciness How does the Scoville Scale rate the relative spiciness of a chili pepper? By Twilight Greenaway The Gut-Wrenching Science Behind the World’s Hottest Peppers Photo by Katte Belletje. In 2007, the Naga Bhut Joloki or “Ghost chile” was named the hottest pepper on earth. Then in 2010 the Naga Viper stole the title. And in 2012 the Trinidad Scorpion Moruga Blend moved into the lead. And for good reason. The Scorpion ranks at round 2 million heat units on the Scoville scale . (For comparison, tabasco sauce has 2,500–5,000 Scoville heat units or SHU.) What exactly does that mean? When the scale was invented in 1912 by pharmacist Wilbur Scoville in search of a heat-producing ointment, it was based on human taste buds. The idea was to dilute an alcohol-based extract made with the given pepper until it no longer tasted hot to a group of taste testers. The degree of dilution translates to the SHU. In other words, according to the Scoville scale, you would need as many as 5,000 cups of water to dilute 1 cup of tobacco sauce enough to no longer taste the heat. And while the Scoville scale is still widely used, says Dr. Paul Bosland , professor of horticulture at New Mexico State University and author or several books on chile peppers, it no longer relies on the fallible human taste bud. “It’s easy to get what’s called taster’s fatigue,” says Bosland. “Pretty soon your receptors are worn out or overused, and you can’t taste anymore. So over the years, we’ve devised a system where we used what’s called high performance liquid chromatography.” Photo of Wilbur Scoville courtesy of the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences. That’s a fancy way of saying that scientists are now able to determine how many parts per million of heat-causing alkaloids are present in a given chile pepper. The same scientists have also figured out that if they multiply that number by 16, they’ll arrive at the pepper’s Scoville rating (or “close enough for the industry,” says Bosland). And, let’s face it, who would want to be the one to taste test a pepper named after a viper or a scorpion? Or maybe the better question is what sane person would? The BBC recently reported on the first man to finish an entire portion of a curry made with ghost chiles, called “The Widower,” and he suffered actual hallucinations due to the heat. Bosland told the AP in 2007 he thought the ghost chile had been given it’s name “because the chili is so hot, you give up the ghost when you eat it.” How’s that for inviting? Indeed, the capsaicin , the spicy chemical compound found in chiles demands the diner’s attention much like actual heat heat does. And it turns out there’s science behind that similarity. “The same receptor that says ‘hot coffee’ to your brain is telling you ‘hot chile peppers,’” says Bosland. And what about the rumor that very hot peppers have the potential to damage our taste buds? Not true. Bosland says we should think of chile heat like we do the taste of salt; easy to overdo in the moment, but not damaging to your mouth over the long term. Even the hottest habanero (100,000–350,000 on the Scoville scale), which can stay on your palate for hours — if not days –  won’t wear out your tender buds. NMSU photo by Harrison Brooks Bosland and his colleagues have broken the heat profile of chile peppers into five distinctly different characteristics. 1) how hot it is, 2) how fast the heat comes on, 3) whether it linger or dissipates quickly, 4) where you sense the heat – on the tip of tongue, at the back of throat, etc., and 5) whether the heat registers as “flat” or “sharp.” This last characteristic is fascinating for what it says about cultural chile pepper preferences (say that five times fast). Apparently those raised in Asian cultures — where chile heat has been considered one of the six core tastes for thousands of years — prefer sharp heat that feels like pinpricks but dissipates quickly. Most America


Which European city is said to have been the first to introduce house numbers, in 1512?

World Report 2016: European Union | Human Rights Watch Español In a year marked by horrific attacks by armed extremists in Paris in January and November, and a deepening refugee crisis, the European Union and its member states struggled to develop an effective and principled response to the hundreds of thousands of asylum seekers and migrants who reached Europe. Narrow government interests too often displaced sound policy responses, delaying protection and shelter for vulnerable people and raising questions about the union’s purpose and limits.   More than 800,000 asylum seekers and migrants have arrived in Europe by sea in 2015, with most traveling onward to northern and western EU countries. Migration and Asylum Poor management and disagreements among EU member states escalated a crisis, as large numbers of migrants and asylum seekers reached Europe, most by sea. At time of writing, more than 850,000 people had crossed the sea during the year to reach Europe. The vast majority—an estimated 82 percent—of people crossed the Aegean Sea, from Turkey to Greece, and only 17 percent crossed the central Mediterranean, from North Africa to Italy, historically the most common sea route. According to the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), 84 percent of those arriving by sea came from the refugee-producing countries of Syria, Afghanistan, Eritrea, Iraq, and Somalia. Nigerians, Gambians, Sudanese, Pakistanis and Malians together made up seven percent of the new arrivals. The EU tripled the budget and resources of patrol operations in the Mediterranean following the deaths at sea of more than 1,000 people in a single week in April. Frontex, the EU’s external border agency, began patrolling in international waters near Libya and increased patrols in the Aegean Sea, carrying out search-and-rescue and border enforcement activities. While tens of thousands of people were rescued throughout the year, including by private humanitarian initiatives, more than 3,500 migrants died or went missing at sea. Many of those who reached Greece by sea continued their journey over land through the Western Balkans, encountering police abuse in EU candidates Serbia and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and EU member Hungary, and appalling detention conditions at times in Macedonia and Hungary. In September, thousands of migrants and asylum seekers were stuck at various borders with inadequate shelter, unable to proceed with their journeys but with no genuine alternative, and at times dispersed by tear gas and water cannons. Hungary effectively closed its border with Serbia to asylum seekers and migrants in September, and with Croatia in October. Slovenia and Croatia at times blocked access for asylum seekers and migrants in September and October. In late November, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia and Macedonia imposed border restrictions for asylum seekers and migrants, allowing only certain nationalities, including Syrians, to enter. EU governments worked fitfully over the course of the year to implement a set of proposals on migration and asylum policy that the European Commission made in May. An EU-wide refugee resettlement scheme was established, with countries pledging over 22,000 places over the next two years. Following a fractious debate and over the objections of Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Romania, EU governments agreed to a program to relocate over the next two years a total of 160,000 asylum seekers who had landed in Italy, Greece, and potentially other countries experiencing significant arrivals. The United Kingdom opted out. At time of writing, only 159 asylum seekers had been relocated from Italy and Greece to other EU member states under the scheme.   The majority of the commission’s proposals focused on measures to limit arrivals, strengthen border controls, and accelerate returns of people not granted the right to remain in the EU. The EU took some positive action, including pledges of increased aid to countries hosting large refugee populations and to humanitarian assistance organizations. Yet efforts to intensify immi


The song ‘Wandrin’ Star’ comes from which 1969 film?

Lee Marvin - Wand'rin Star (ReMastered Audio) (1969) (HD) - YouTube Lee Marvin - Wand'rin Star (ReMastered Audio) (1969) (HD) Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Aug 27, 2013 Digital ReMastered Soundtrack... He may not have had the best singing voice in the world but no one can better Lee Marvin singing "Wand'rin Star" from the hit 1969 musical "Paint Your Wagon"... One of those songs that once heard never forgotten and no one else can sing it like Lee Marvin did... :-) Took the 2001 digital remastered audio CD release of the soundtrack and matched it into the movie... it's never sounded better... :-) Category


In 1816, which famous English dandy fled to France to escape debtor’s prison?

L.A. Hilden - Blog Blog Beau Brummell Published on November 12, 2012  by lahilden |   Views: 3914 Beau Brummell was an iconic man during the Regency period and the legend of his fashion sense still lives on today.  Brummell established the style for men to rid themselves of their overly ornate fashions.  Brummell insisted upon an image of more refined and elegant taste.  He believed a dark, perfectly tailored coat, with full-length trousers, a crisp white linen shirt, and intricately tied cravat was the message of elegance men should portray.  He didn’t care for the knee breeches and stockings that were so popular at the time.  Although, knee breeches were mandatory if one were to frequent Almack’s, one of the social clubs during the period. Brummell is credited with introducing the modern men’s suit, worn with a tie.  He was not only known for his style of dress, but also for his daily grooming, which included shaving, teeth brushing, and daily bathing, which was not ordinary at the time.  He claimed it took him five hours to dress, which to my calculation, for a man, that is four and a half hours too long.  He preferred his boots to be polished with champagne, whereas I would have preferred to drink it. Brummell’s preference of dress had people regarding him as the epitome of a fashion conscious dandy.  A dandy is a man who placed great importance upon his appearance, refined language, and pursuits.  Dandies often portrayed themselves with cool nonchalance.  A dandy with a self-made, middle-class background often tried to imitate the aristocracy.  Brummell himself was not from an aristocratic background.  He was the early form of what we would call a celebrity.  He was in essence, famous for being famous, although his friendship with the Prince Regent helped in that regard. Brummell was educated at Eton and then went onto Oxford University.  While attending Eton, he modernized the cravat, which was the mark of the Eton boy, and he added a gold buckle to it.  In 1794, Brummell became a low rank commissioned officer in the Tenth Royal Hussars, a personal regiment of the Prince Regent.  Brummell was promoted to lieutenant in 1795.  The prince was drawn to Brummell’s witty personality, which was biting, and often times, too honest.  He was known as an excellent storyteller and conversationalist. Due to his friendship with the regent, Brummell in turn, was allowed to shirk his duties in his regiment and basically do as he pleased.  He was made captain in 1796, which angered some of the older officers who felt Brummell was receiving special treatment.  When his regiment was sent to Manchester, he resigned his commission, claiming the city of Manchester lacked atmosphere and culture. As a civilian, he still remained friends with the regent and this friendship gained him access into the regent’s royal society. Brummell took a house in Chesterfield and tried to avoid gambling and other extravagances, since he now was rubbing elbows with the wealthy elite.  Nevertheless, he refused to spend less on his clothing.  Men of superior rank continued to seek his advice on their dress.  It is said that when Brummell was asked how much money a man should spend yearly on his attire, his response was, “Why, with tolerable economy, I think it might be done with eight hundred pounds.”  Today, this amount is roughly equivalent to $63,780.00 a year in U.S. dollars. Unfortunately, Brummell’s wealthy friends would lead him to spend far too much money on gambling and the high-life, causing his capital to rapidly deplete.  He found himself having difficulty keeping up with his own expensive form of dress.  As his debts mounted, no one was willing to give him credit.  Brummell was cut from some of the dandies when he went to a ball where the Prince Regent was present.  After being rudely snubbed by many in attendance, he approached Lord Alvanley who was standing with the regent, and asked, “Alvanley, who’s your fat friend?”  As you can imagine, the Prince Regent was not amused, this public incident was the final blow and Brummell no longer foun


Which British boxer bought one of the original ‘Only Fools and Horses’ Reliant Robins in 2004?

Del Boy and Rodney - Who is talking about Del Boy and Rodney on FLICKR 1970 Reliant Regal Supervan 3 Royal Mail Livery In 1935 Reliant started by making three-wheeled vans but added a passenger car to its range in 1952, the first Regal. Initially using aluminium panels over a wooden body frame, from 1955 Regal bodies were made from glass fibre reinforced plastic. The most significant advance came in 1962 with the Regal 3/25. The 3/25 was a monocoque construction, made entirely from glass fibre and its new Reliant 600cc engine was the first all-aluminium engine in a UK series production car and later increased to 700cc. It was the van version of the Regal, which made the model infamous. A yellow Supervan II was immortalised as Del-Boy and Rodney Trotter's delivery van of choice in the long-running BBC TV comedy series, Only Fools and Horses. For the average car buyer, the Regal offered advantages in low running costs, good economy and lower vehicle tax, as well as being able to be driven by people with a motorcycle licence. When the Morris Minor Van was reaching the last days of its production, the Post Office investigated a number of models as a replacement for its fleet of delivery vans. In 1970, 50 Regal Supervan III's entered service with the Royal Mail on a trial basis, although the model was not selected as the Minor's eventual successor. Engine: 4cyl, 700cc Recent Updated: 4 months ago - Created by Karen Roe - View Copyright and permission to use should be sought to the author - Karen Roe Restored: HVW26H Reliant Regal Supervan There seem to be a few of these copy Reliant Vans around remembering the BBC comedy series 'Only Fools and Horses'. This nice example, new in 1970, was the second one seen at the Scorton Steam Show on 19/06/2016, however this one has 'Del Boy' and 'Rodney' and is seen near the end of the day in the display ring together with trademark 'smoke' coming from the exhaust. © Peter Steel 2016. Recent Updated: 6 months ago - Created by Peter Steel - View Copyright and permission to use should be sought to the author - Peter Steel Restored: HVW26H Reliant Regal Supervan There seem to be a few of these copy Reliant Vans around remembering the BBC comedy series 'Only Fools and Horses'. This nice example, new in 1970, was the second one seen at the Scorton Steam Show on 19/06/2016, however this one has 'Del Boy' and 'Rodney' and is seen near the end of the day in the display ring together with trademark 'smoke' coming from the exhaust. © Peter Steel 2016. Recent Updated: 6 months ago - Created by Peter Steel - View Copyright and permission to use should be sought to the author - Peter Steel Restored: HVW26H Reliant Regal Supervan There seem to be a few of these copy Reliant Vans around remembering the BBC comedy series 'Only Fools and Horses'. This nice example, new in 1970, was the second one seen at the Scorton Steam Show on 19/06/2016, however this one has 'Del Boy' and 'Rodney' in attendance! © Peter Steel 2016. Recent Updated: 6 months ago - Created by Peter Steel - View Copyright and permission to use should be sought to the author - Peter Steel Restored: HVW26H Reliant Regal Supervan There seem to be a few of these copy Reliant Vans around remembering the BBC comedy series 'Only Fools and Horses'. This nice example, new in 1970, was the second one seen at the Scorton Steam Show on 19/06/2016, however this one has 'Del Boy' and 'Rodney' in attendance! © Peter Steel 2016. Recent Updated: 6 months ago - Created by Peter Steel - View Copyright and permission to use should be sought to the author - Peter Steel Restored: HVW26H Reliant Regal Supervan There seem to be a few of these copy Reliant Vans around remembering the BBC comedy series 'Only Fools and Horses'. This nice example, new in 1970, was the second one seen at the Scorton Steam Show on 19/06/2016, however this one has 'Del Boy' and 'Rodney' in attendance! © Peter Steel 2016. Recent Updated: 6 months ago - Created by Peter Steel - View Copyright and permission to use should be sought to the author - Peter Steel Recent Updated: 1 year ago - C


John Sentamu was given which English title in May 2005?

John Sentamu : definition of John Sentamu and synonyms of John Sentamu (English) John Tucker Mugabi Sentamu ( English pronunciation: /ˈsɛntɑːmuː/ ; born 10 June 1949) is the 97th Archbishop of York , Metropolitan of the province of York, Primate of England and a columnist for a tabloid newspaper.[ which? ] He is the second most senior cleric in the Church of England , after the Archbishop of Canterbury , Rowan Williams . Born near Kampala in present-day Uganda , Sentamu studied law at Makerere University before gaining employment as an advocate of the Supreme Court of Uganda . Speaking out against the regime of President Idi Amin , he was briefly imprisoned before fleeing to the United Kingdom in 1974. Here, he devoted himself to Anglicanism , beginning his study of theology at Selwyn College, Cambridge in 1976 and eventually gaining a doctorate in 1984. He studied for ordination at Ridley Hall, Cambridge , and was ordained in 1979. In 1996 he was consecrated as the Bishop of Stepney and in 2002 moved to the position of Bishop of Birmingham . In 2005 he was appointed to the position of Archbishop of York. Sentamu is a traditionalist within the Church of England, generally supporting socially conservative moral positions, publicly criticising multiculturalism and LGBT rights .[ citation needed ] He has also received publicity for his vocal criticism of Zimbabwean president Robert Mugabe .[ citation needed ] Contents 6 External links   Life and career Sentamu was born in 1949 in a village near Kampala , Uganda, the sixth of 13 children. He studied law (LL.B.) at Makerere University , Kampala , and practised as an advocate of the High Court of Uganda until 1974. In 1973 he married Margaret. [2] Three weeks after his marriage he incurred the wrath of the dictator Idi Amin and was detained for 90 days. In a speech in 2007, he described how during that time he had been "kicked around like a football and beaten terribly", saying "the temptation to give up hope of release was always present". [3] He fled his home country to arrive as an immigrant in the United Kingdom in 1974. Sentamu studied theology at Selwyn College, Cambridge (BA 1976, MA 1979, PhD 1984). He was baptized at Eden Baptist Church, Cambridge. He trained for the priesthood at Ridley Hall, Cambridge , being ordained a priest in 1979. His doctoral thesis is entitled "Some aspects of soteriology , with particular reference to the thought of J.K. Mozley , from an African perspective". [4] He worked as assistant chaplain at Selwyn College, as chaplain at a remand centre and as curate and vicar in a series of parish appointments before his consecration , in 1996, as Bishop of Stepney (a suffragan see in the Diocese of London ). It was during this time that he served as advisor to the Stephen Lawrence Judicial Enquiry. In 2002 he chaired the Damilola Taylor review. That same year he was appointed Bishop of Birmingham where his ministry, according to the Archbishop of Canterbury , Rowan Williams , was praised by "Christians of all backgrounds".[ citation needed ] Sentamu became President of Youth for Christ in 2004 and President of the YMCA in April 2005. [5] On 17 June 2005 the prime minister's office announced Sentamu's translation to York as the 97th archbishop. [6] He was formally elected by the chapter of York Minster on 21 July, [7] legally confirmed as archbishop in London on 5 October, and enthroned at York Minster on 30 November 2005 (the feast of Saint Andrew ), at a ceremony with African singing and dancing and contemporary music, with Sentamu himself playing African drums during the service. [8] [9] As Archbishop of York, Sentamu sits in the House of Lords [10] and was admitted, as a matter of course, to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom . [11] On 7 March 2007, Sentamu was installed as the first Chancellor of York St John University . On 1 June 2007 he was appointed as the first Chancellor of the University of Cumbria . He took up the position when the university opened on 1 August 2007. [12] On 16 July 2007, Sentamu was presented with an honorary degre


In religion, Michael, Raphael, Gabriel, Uriel, Chamuel, Jophiel and Zadkiel are all what?

Archangels Archangels   Archangels There are generally considered to be seven Archangels: Michael, Jophiel, Chamuel, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel and Zadkiel. Archangels are the supreme beings within the Angelic Realm. As with angels, Archangels can be called upon to help us in our hour of need. Archangels (and Angels for that matter) are not servants, they should be treated like a welcome friend or guest. The Archangel Michael: Michael is the Angel of Protection and is associated with the color blue. Michael can be asked for protection against any sort of physical or spiritual danger. These might include robbers, stalkers, accidents, astral attacks, psychic attacks, witchcraft and the evil eye etc. Spiritually the Archangel Michael can help restore your faith in God and free you from self-doubt and fear. The Archangel Jophiel: Jophiel is the Angel of Illumination and is associated with the color yellow. Jophiel can help free you (or loved ones) from addictions. He can help improve your memory, help you pass examinations etc. Spiritually the Archangel Jophiel can help you to connect to your higher self and show you the right way when difficult decisions need to be made. The Archangel Chamuel: Chamuel is the Angel of Love and corresponds to the color pink. Chamuel is the angel of compassion, forgiveness, mercy and understanding. This is the angel who can help you repair damaged relationships, or make new friends. Chamuel can help you to dispel feelings of self-condemnation, guilt and low self-esteem. The Archangel Gabriel: Gabriel is the Angel of Guidance and corresponds to the color white. Gabriel can help you to organize your life as well as provide you with advice and guidance - particularly with education or career. Spiritually Gabriel can help you to find your life's purpose and to replace feelings of discouragement with fulfillment. The Archangel Raphael: Raphael is the Angel of Healing and is associated with the color green. Raphael is responsible for the healing of body, mind, soul and spirit. He can help put your daily bread on the table. When you are in need of clothing, food or shelter, Raphael is the angel to call upon. Raphael can also help your doctor make the right decision and aspiring musicians make beautiful music. Spiritually Raphael mends broken spirits and helps you accept the truth. The Archangel Uriel: Uriel is the Angel of Peace and is associated with the colors purple and gold. Uriel resolves all problems in personal, social and professional relationships and helps to create harmony in life. Uriel is the angel of nurses, doctors, counselors and teachers. Spiritually he can help you to let go of bitterness and resentment, renewing hope in the hearts of those that have lost faith. He is also the angel who manifests divine justice. The Archangel Zadkiel: Zadkiel is the Angel of Joy and is associated with the color violet. Zadkiel is the angel to call upon if you need work as an actor, writer or performer. He is also the angel of architects and engineers. Freedom, happiness, justice and mercy are all championed by Zadkiel.


The Scottish city of Perth lies on which river?

Perth | Scotland, United Kingdom | Britannica.com Scotland, United Kingdom Alternative Title: Saint John’s Town Related Topics Perth, city and royal burgh, Perth and Kinross council area, historic county of Perthshire , Scotland . Perth lies on the right bank of the River Tay . Its name is probably Celtic. Bridge over the River Tay at Perth, Scot. Dudesleeper Perth was well established by the 12th century, a burgh (town) in 1106 and a royal burgh in 1210. Until about 1452 it served as the capital of Scotland and was therefore both a frequent royal residence and a centre of government. During the Scottish Wars of Independence, Perth was taken by Edward I of England , who strengthened its fortifications in 1298. It was retaken by Robert I (the Bruce) in 1313 during the fourth of the town’s seven sieges. The English held it again from 1335 to 1339. Perth was a Jacobite city during the Scottish uprisings of 1715 and 1745, and the insurgent James Edward , the Old Pretender, was proclaimed king at its market cross. Few buildings remain from this eventful past, apart from the Church of St. John the Baptist, which was built about 1440 and replaced an earlier church on the site. There in 1559 John Knox preached an inflammatory sermon denouncing idolatry, as a result of which four monasteries in Perth were destroyed by mobs. The Salutation Hotel, built in 1699, is said to be the oldest hotel building in Scotland. The city’s notable modern public buildings include St. Ninian’s Episcopal Cathedral (1850–90) and Perth prison, erected in 1812 to house French prisoners of the Napoleonic Wars. Balhousie Castle, Perth, Scot. During the Middle Ages Perth was a significant river port at the head of the Tay estuary, but it gradually declined. Fertilizers are still imported in quantity, and seed potatoes are exported. Perth has long been a centre for whisky blending and distilling, food processing, and the manufacture of glass. Although the city has always maintained a wide range of industries, it is more important as the commercial centre for its agricultural hinterland. Its livestock sales are famous in Great Britain. During the late 20th century a variety of corporations established offices in Perth, and it became a centre for business and financial services. Perth houses Perth College, a member of the University of the Highlands and Islands Perth. Perth is the historic county town (seat) of Perthshire and the administrative centre of Perth and Kinross. Pop. (2004 est.) 43,590. Learn More in these related articles:


Which band released an 1974 album entitled ‘Crime of the Century’?

Roger Hodgson Discusses Supertramp's Crime of the Century Album - YouTube Roger Hodgson Discusses Supertramp's Crime of the Century Album Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Oct 20, 2014 Crime of the Century, released in 1974, was Supertramp’s breakthrough album & Roger Hodgson's song, Dreamer, became the band’s first international hit. Enjoy this video of Roger discussing the creation of the Crime of the Century album & the recording of his timeless classic, Dreamer. Roger’s other songs off the album, School, Hide in Your Shell & If Everyone Was Listening, are fan favorites to this day. Roger also gave us the timeless classics such as Give a Little Bit, Breakfast in America, The Logical Song, Take the Long Way Home, It's Raining Again, Fool's Overture - Roger performs these & more on tour. Audiences love dancing & singing along - the crowd instantly gets on their feet & starts dancing in the aisles. To see Roger on stage performing, you know not only is the audience having a fantastic time, but he is as well. Roger co-founded Supertramp in 1969 and was the driving force behind what fans call the 14 golden years of the band. He wrote, sang & arranged the enduring rock standards that made Supertramp a worldwide phenomenon with album sales in excess of 60 million. From the Crime of the Century album forward, Roger & Supertramp’s other co-founder began writing separately. Although they continued to share writing credit, they wrote & composed separately with each singing their own songs. Roger began writing songs at the age of 12 & performed his first concert of original songs at the age of 13. He later recorded some of his songs with Supertramp with many becoming the soundtrack of our lives. http://www.RogerHodgson.com ~ https://www.Facebook.com/RogerHodgson Signed DVD, CDs and more directly from the artist ~ http://www.RogerHodgsonStore.com iTunes: Classics Live http://apple.co/1wUGfIk Open the Door http://apple.co/1GQcRsB March 15 - São Paulo, Brazil - http://bit.ly/2fiYiXr March 16 - Florianopolis, Brazil - http://bit.ly/2fj0lKU March 18 - Vitoria, Brazil - http://bit.ly/2fxubyh March 21 - Porto Alegre, Brazil - http://bit.ly/2fulfHP March 23 - Brasilia, Brazil - http://bit.ly/2fVULSz March 25 - Belo Horizonte, Brazil - http://bit.ly/2fbCmja March 26 - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - http://bit.ly/2fzEzC5 April 30 - Dublin, Ireland - http://bit.ly/2crrwUp May 18 - Birmingham, England, UK - http://bit.ly/2cn8G0Z , Box Office +44 (0)121 780 3333, or http://bit.ly/2cCgtYo May 20 - London, England, UK - http://bit.ly/2cn8G0Z , Box Office +44 (0)20 7589 8212, or http://bit.ly/2chQ2nV May 21 - London, England, UK - http://bit.ly/2cn8G0Z , Box Office +44 (0)20 7589 8212, or http://bit.ly/2chQ2nV May 23 - Amsterdam, Netherlands - http://bit.ly/2bgHnoh May 24 - Amsterdam, Netherlands - http://bit.ly/2bgHnoh May 26 - Stowe, Buckingham, England, UK - http://bit.ly/2gIHZny May 27 - Paris, France - Tickets available through http://bit.ly/290HVjA , with VIP Meet and Greet packages at http://bit.ly/28TUI1o (VIP SOLD OUT). June 4 - Wuppertal, Germany - http://bit.ly/2eBfZ4H June 5 - Siegen, Germany - Details soon! June 8 - Crans-près-Céligny, Switzerland - http://bit.ly/2fH1qAp June 9 - Brussels, Belgium - http://bit.ly/2dp4Z9l or http://bit.ly/2drtveC June 10 - Emmen, Netherlands - http://bit.ly/2gFIQUR July 15 - Sion, Switzerland - http://bit.ly/2gxJrsQ July 20 - Rottweil, Germany - http://bit.ly/2gMZq8C July 21 - Bad Krozingen, Germany - http://bit.ly/2gVao9U or http://bit.ly/2gBteBP July 22 - Wanfried, Germany - http://bit.ly/2eBfZ4H or http://bit.ly/2gh7oXC August 4 - Neumünster, Germany - http://bit.ly/2h8rELT August 5 - Spalt, Germany - http://bit.ly/2guSbPY August 8 - Schaffhausen, Switzerland - http://bit.ly/2dyIAsv August 9 - Zofingen, Switzerland - http://bit.ly/2h9NL1u "No words to describe how wonderf


What is the first name of comic-hero Superman’s natural mother?

Superman: The Movie | Superman Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia $300,218,018 Superman (marketed as Superman: The Movie), is the 1978 theatrical adaption of Superman . The movie was filmed and produced at the same time as its sequel, Superman II , although this arrangement was beset by production difficulties, and the sequel was not released until 1980. There were two further installments in the series: Superman III (1983) and Superman IV: The Quest For Peace (1987), as well as several canceled sequel attempts after 1987. Superman and Superman II are treated as a loose back story for the 2006 film Superman Returns . Contents [ show ] Plot The film consists of three major segments, each with its own style and tone. The first part deals with the last days of Krypton, the child Kal-El's journey from Krypton to Earth, and his discovery by the Kents. The second part concerns the teenage Clark Kent's life in Smallville and the beginnings of discovering who he is. The third part follows the adult Clark Kent and his emergence as Superman in Metropolis. The story begins when the planet Krypton is in danger of imminent destruction. Unable to convince Kryptonian elders, scientist Jor-El promises that neither he nor his wife, Lara, will leave the planet. However, he sends his infant son, Kal-El, to Earth to ensure his survival, just as Krypton begins its death throes. Kal-El's spaceship crash lands three years later in Smallville, Kansas, where the boy is found and adopted by a childless couple, Jonathan and Martha Kent, who name him Clark after Martha's maiden name. Clark is no ordinary boy; he is incredibly agile and strong. But at the urging of his parents, he keeps his abilities hidden, frustratingly accepting the ridicule and scorn of his peers as he assumes a mild mannered temperament, fading into the background rather than becoming the star of the football team. But as Jonathan Kent reminds him, Clark was put on Earth "for a reason... (and) it's not to score touchdowns." Clark asks him to race him to the barn, causing Jonathan to have a fatal heart attack and die, after which a grieving Clark conveys guilt about asking him to race and says "all [these] powers and I couldn't even save him". After a few months pass, Clark hears the call of a mysterious green crystal hidden in his parents' barn. He realizes that it is time to discover his purpose and bids an emotional farewell to his Earth mother. He soon departs on a journey to the Arctic and uses the crystal to build the Fortress of Solitude, a majestic crystal palace in the architectural style of his home planet, Krypton. Inside, Kal-El learns the reason he was transported to Earth and his future role on the planet from holographic recordings of his father. After 12 years of education and training within the Fortress of Solitude, he emerges garbed in a red cape and blue body suit with the El family symbol on the chest and flies off. Clark returns to civilization, arriving in the city of Metropolis. He's hired as a reporter for The Daily Planet newspaper by its editor-in-chief, Perry White. While there, he meets teenage photographer Jimmy Olsen and the paper's star journalist, Lois Lane. Clark becomes immediately infatuated with Lois, but is unable to properly gain her affection while in the bumbling guise of Clark Kent. It isn't long before Clark's true nature is unveiled when, in his blue suit and red cape, he publicly rescues Lois from a helicopter accident atop the Daily Planet building. Following a series of incidents in which Clark in his yet-unnamed guise comes to the rescue and saves the day, Perry White issues to all his reporters to find out as much information as possible about this mysterious hero. Lois receives an invitation to meet someone at her place, signed only "a friend." Following a perfunctory interview with the Man of Steel, Lois joins him on a flight over Metropolis, ostensibly to see how fast he can go. After their romantic flight, the costumed hero flies off and Lois says to herself, "What a super man", then pauses, and says "Superman!," thus giving the m


Which player scored for both sides during the 1987 F.A. Cup Final?

How Coventry City shocked Tottenham Hotspur to win the 1987 FA Cup final | Football | The Guardian Guardian Sport Network How Coventry City shocked Tottenham Hotspur to win the 1987 FA Cup final Chas and Dave joined the Spurs squad to sing about 'Hot Shot Tottenham' but unfancied Coventry City pulled off one of the great giantkillings in FA Cup final history to win 3-2 in extra-time Coventry City's Keith Houchen heads past Spurs goalkeeper Ray Clemence during the 1987 FA Cup final at Wembley. Photograph: David Cannon/Getty Images Steven Pye for That 1980s Sports Blog, part of the Guardian Sport Network Friday 16 May 2014 06.13 EDT First published on Friday 16 May 2014 06.13 EDT Share on Messenger Close This piece follows on from previous blogs on the first , second , third , fourth , fifth , sixth rounds and semi-finals of the 1986-87 FA Cup. "Seven times we've won the Cup, and number eight is coming up". The bold statement penned by Chas and Dave, and sung by the Tottenham squad in their No18 hit Hot Shot Tottenham! may have seemed cocky, but the general consensus was that their proclamation would come true on Cup final day on May 16. Tottenham were heavy favourites to defeat Coventry City, a club appearing in their first major final in their 104-year history. But the underdogs were used to proving the doubters wrong during their 1987 Cup run. Their Go For It single was an appropriately titled anthem for all that had gone before and what was to follow. You could see why Tottenham were overwhelming favourites to lift the FA Cup for a record eighth time. Of their 13-man squad, only Mitchell Thomas had not been capped by his country; they possessed a striker in Clive Allen who was enjoying a stunning season containing 48 goals; and their squad contained a vast wealth of experience on the big stage. Spurs goalkeeper Ray Clemence was appearing in his 42nd match at Wembley, but only four of Coventry's team - David Phillips, Nick Pickering, Dave Bennett and Cyrille Regis – had ever played at the famous old stadium, and only Phillips was a current international player. The lead-up to the final was littered with constant references to the perceived differences between the two sides: "a pit pony v the Derby favourite"; "artisans v artists"; "rank outsiders v red-hot favourites"; "journeymen v pedigree". Fortunately, the Cup final would be played on the lush Wembley turf and not on paper, as, if the majority of the press were to be believed, Coventry were already a goal down before the match had begun. Tottenham should have seen the warning signs. There had been talk of Spurs winning the double after their semi-final win over Watford, when they were 10 points behind leaders Everton with two games in hand and a trip to Goodison Park to come. But these hopes were well and truly quashed – four defeats in the final seven matches left Tottenham with a third-placed finish. Conversely, Coventry were flying. They were unbeaten in the seven matches leading up to the final and were improving under the managerial pairing of John Sillett and George Curtis, who had taken over at the end of the previous season. For Sillett, the transformation was marked. In 1984 he had been sacked as youth team manager by Bobby Gould, but his time out of the game taught him a valuable lesson: the next time he was given a management role he would rather die on his feet rather than live on his knees. Sillett's team would play very much in the image of their manager: relaxed, confident, and passionate. Sillett was not the only manager gaining plaudits before the final. David Pleat's work at Luton and his fine first season at Tottenham – as well as their strong league position, the club also reached the Littlewoods Cup semi-final – had even seen his name mentioned by the Mirror's Harry Harris as a possible successor for Bobby Robson's England post after the 1990 World Cup. Pleat's work in the transfer market – bringing in players such as Richard Gough, Steve Hodge, Nico Claesen and Mitchell Thomas – and his successful switch to a 4-5-1 formation had earned gushing


Breeds of Livestock - Herdwick Sheep — Breeds of Livestock, Department of Animal Science Breeds of Livestock, Department of Animal Science Breeds of Livestock - Herdwick Sheep Breeds of Livestock - Herdwick Sheep Herdwick The Herdwick   is found in the Lake District of northwestern England, on the Fells of Westmorland   and Cumberland. They are a carpet wool and meat breed. The lambs are born   with black faces, legs and blue-roan fleeces which lighten in the adults.   The males are horned and the females are polled or naturally hornless. Reference:


The cat Gray-Malkin appears in which Shakespeare Play?

Macbeth Glossary - I come, graymalkin! Macbeth Glossary First Witch I come, graymalkin! (1.1.10) i.e., an affectionate name for a gray cat. During the Renaissance it was believed that Satan sent witches malicious spirits to help them carry out their evil deeds. These 'familiars' or 'imps' would appear in animal form. The familiar of the First Witch takes the form of a cat and the familiar of the Second Witch takes the form of a toad (Paddock). The familiar of the Third Witch is not mentioned in the first act but in 4.1 , it takes the form of a 'harpy', a nasty creature in Greek mythology with the head and body of a woman and the talons of a bird. Note the similarity to Shakespeare's minor source for Macbeth, Scot's Discovery of Witchcraft: [Witches] can raise and suppresse lightning and thunder, raine and haile, clouds and winds, tempests and earthquakes. Others doo write, that they can pull downe the moone and the starres. Some write that with wishing they can send needles into the livers of their enimies. Some that they can transferre corne in the blade from one place to another. Some, that they can cure diseases supernaturallie, flie in the aire, and danse with divels. Some write, that they can plaie the part of Succubus, and contract themselves to Incubus; and so yoong prophets are upon them begotten, &c. Some say they can transubstantiate themselves and others, and take the forms and shapes of asses, woolves, ferrets, cowes, apes, horsses, dogs, &c. Some say they can keepe divels and spirits in the likenesse of todes and cats. (Book I, Chapter IV) On stage we should hear one familiar mewing and one croaking, which the Witches are supposed to answer.


In horse racing, during which month is the St. Leger run?

History HISTORY ST LEGER WINNERS Doncaster is one of the oldest established centres for horse racing in Britain, with records of regular race meetings going back to the 16th century. In 1600 the corporation tried to put an end to the races because of the number of ruffians they attracted, but by 1614 it acknowledged failure and instead marked out a racecourse. Ladbrokes St. Leger Festival The earliest important race was the Doncaster Gold Cup, first run over Cantley Common in 1766, ten years before a move to the racecourse's present location. In 1776 Colonel Anthony St. Leger founded a race in which five horses ran. This race has remained in existence and become the world's oldest classic race. During the first world war the racecourse was used for military purposes and substitute races were run at Newmarket from 1915 to 1918. Doncaster has the distinction of both starting and ending the flat season on turf. Every September, Doncaster hosts the prestigious four-day St. Leger Festival, which is acclaimed as the premier sporting occasion of the Autumn calender. Doncaster has also taken over events whose traditional homes have closed, such as the Lincoln in 1965. More history was made at Doncaster in 1992 when it staged the first ever Sunday meeting on a British racecourse, a crowd of 23,000 turned up despite there being no betting. Today, after more than four hundred years of racing, the St. Leger is undoubtedley still the highlight of Doncaster's year. Throughout the racing calendar there is a full programme of top class racing, with flat racing in the summer and jumping action all winter. early leger Early running of the St Leger B&W Historical Jockey John Singleton with the first ever St Leger winner in 1776 Allabaculia The Lincoln THE WILLIAM HILL LINCOLN FACTS AND FIGURES A race called the Lincolnshire Handicap was first run over two miles at Lincoln in August, 1849. In 1853, a new fixture was staged at Lincoln in February and featured a race called the Lincoln Spring Handicap,run over a mile and a half and won by Caurire. The distance of this contest was reduced to a mile in 1855 and moved to a date in March. In 1859, the two races merged to become the Lincolnshire Handicap, run over a mile in March. The Lincolnshire Handicap was run at Lincoln (AThe Carholme@) up to and including 1964. Following that course's closure, the race moved to Doncaster in 1965 and was renamed the Lincoln Handicap. Along with the Grand National, the William Hill Lincoln forms the ASpring Double.@ Jockey Dave Dick achieved the unique distinction of winning both races - he scored in the Lincoln of 1941 on Gloaming, carrying just 7st 4lb and went to triumph in the ADevon Loch@ Grand National of 1956 on ESB, who shouldered 11st 3lb to victory. During World War II, three runnings were held at Pontefract (1943-1945). The 1916 renewal was at Lingfield, while there was no race in 1917 or 1918 due to World War I. Due to a Â£34 million redevelopment at Doncaster, the 2006 renewal was held at Redcar, while in 2007 the race was hosted by Newcastle. It returned to a revamped Doncaster in 2008. The dozen winners of the William Hill Lincoln between 1926 and 1937 (King Of Clubs (1926), Priory Park (1927), Dark Warrior (1928), Elton (1929), Leonidas II (1930), Knight Error (1931), Jerome Fandor (1932), Dorigen (1933), Play On (1934), Flamenco (1935), Overcoat (1936) and Marmaduke Jinks (1937)) gave their names to the horses used in the popular board game Totopoly. There have been only two dual winners of the William Hill Lincoln - Ob (1906 & 1907) and Babur (1957 & 1958). No horse has managed to win more than once since the race was transferred to Town Moor. The biggest shocks came with the 100/1 shots King Of Clubs (1926), Elton (1929) and Jockey Treble (1947). Since it has been run at Doncaster, the biggest-price winner was the 50/1 shot Bronze Hill (1973) while there have been six 33/1 successes during the same period - Southwark Star (1975), Cuvee Charlie (1988), Evichstar (1990), Roving Minstrel (1995), Stone Ridge (1996) and Zucchero (2002). The short


Surrealist painter Rene Magritte was born in which country?

René Magritte - Painter - Biography.com René Magritte René Magritte was a Belgian surrealist artist best known for his witty and thought-provoking images and his use of simple graphics and everyday imagery. IN THESE GROUPS Académie Royale Des Beaux-Arts Synopsis René Magritte was born in Belgium in 1898. After attending art school in Brussels, he worked in commercial advertising to support himself while he experimented with his painting. In the mid 1920s he began to paint in the surrealist style and became known for his witty and thought-provoking images and his use of simple graphics and everyday objects, giving new meanings to familiar things. With a popularity that increased over time, Magritte was able to pursue his art full-time and was celebrated in several international exhibitions. He experimented with numerous styles and forms during his life and was a primary influence on the pop art movement. He died in 1967. A Difficult Crossing René François Ghislain Magritte was born in Lessines, Belgium, on November 21, 1898, the oldest of three boys. His father’s manufacturing business at times allowed the family to live in relative comfort, but financial difficulties were a constant threat and forced them to move about the country with some regularity. Magritte’s young world was dealt a far more destructive blow in 1912, when his mother committed suicide by drowning herself in a river. Magritte found solace from the tragedy in films and novels and especially through painting. His earliest surviving works from this era were accomplished in the impressionist style. However, in 1916 he left home for Brussels, where for the next two years he studied at Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts. Although he was ultimately unimpressed with the institution, he was nonetheless exposed to emerging styles such as cubism and futurism, which significantly altered the direction of his work. Indeed, many of Magritte’s paintings from the early 1920s owe a clear debt to Pablo Picasso . The Treachery of Images In 1921 Magritte began his one year of compulsory military service before returning home and marrying Georgette Berger, whom he had known since he was a boy and with whom he would stay for the rest of his life. After a brief stint in a wallpaper factory, he found work as a freelance poster and advertisement designer while he continued to paint. Around this time Magritte saw the painting The Song of Love by Italian surrealist Giorgio de Chirico and was so struck by its imagery that it sent his own work off in the new direction for which he would become known. Placing familiar, mundane objects such as bowler hats, pipes and rocks in unusual contexts and juxtapositions, Magritte evoked themes of mystery and madness to challenge the assumptions of human perception. With early works such as The Lost Jockey and The Menaced Assassin Magritte quickly became one of the most important artists in Belgium and found himself at the center of its nascent surrealist movement. But when his first one-man show—in 1927 at the Galerie le Centaure—was poorly received, a disheartened Magritte left his homeland for France. On the Threshold of Liberty Settling in the Perreux-sur-Marne suburb of Paris, Magritte quickly fell in with some of surrealism’s brightest lights and founding fathers, including writer André Breton , poet Paul Éluard and artists Salvador Dalí , Max Ernst and Joan Miró . Over the next few years he produced important works such as The Lovers and The False Mirror and also began to experiment with the use of text, as seen in his 1929 painting The Treachery of Images. But despite the progress Magritte was making in his art, he had yet to find significant financial success, and in 1930 he and Georgette returned to Brussels, where he set up an ad agency with his younger brother Paul. Though the demands of their studio left Magritte little time for his own work over the next few years, interest in his paintings began to grow and soon he was selling enough to leave his commercial work behind. Surrealism in Full Sunlight In the late 1930s Magritte’s newfou


Actor Roy Harold Scherer was better known by what name?

Rock Hudson - Filmbug Rock Hudson   Rock Hudson Roy Harold Scherer Jr. (November 17, 1925 - October 2, 1985), better known as Rock Hudson, was an American actor. Born in Winnetka, Illinois, Hudson was the first major American celebrity to admit to being afflicted with AIDS. His announcement, and subsequent death from the disease, brought the disease and HIV into the mainstream of American consciousness. Hudson served in the United States Navy during World War II as an airplane mechanic. His good looks and strapping size got him a Hollywood audition, and some capped teeth and a name change got him a small part in the forgettable 1948 film Fighter Squadron. His one line took 38 takes, because he kept forgetting it. In 1956 he was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor, and two years later, Look Magazine named him "Star of the Year". During the 1950s and 1960s, Hudson was known for several fluffy comedies, largely starring with Doris Day . The two made Pillow Talk, Lover Come Back and Send Me No Flowers together. Hudson married studio employee Phyllis Gates in 1955, and the news was made known by all the major gossip magazines. The couple divorced in 1958. The truth of the matter is, though, that the studio was using this sham marriage in order to cover Hudson's homosexuality, which would have made him box office poison at the time if it were made known. Hudson continued to have a hidden gay life for the rest of his life, until his homosexuality became known. Following Hudson's death, his live-in lover filed a palimony lawsuit against his estate. Hudson has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6104 Hollywood Blvd. Note: This profile was written in or before 2003. Rock Hudson Facts


Philip IV became King of which European country in 1621?

Philip IV Philip IV Location of death: Madrid, Spain Cause of death: unspecified Nationality: Spain Executive summary: King of Spain, 1621-65 Philip IV, King of Spain, eldest son of Philip III and his wife Margaret, sister of the emperor Ferdinand II, was born at Valladolid on the 8th of April 1605. His reign, after a few passing years of barren successes, was a long story of political and military decay and disaster. The king has been held responsible for the fall of Spain, which was, however, due in the main to internal causes beyond the control of the most despotic ruler, however capable he had been. Philip certainly possessed more energy, both mental and physical, than his father. There is still in existence a translation of Guicciardini which he wrote with his own hand in order to qualify himself for government by acquiring a knowledge of political history. He was a fine horseman and keen hunter. His artistic taste was shown by his patronage of Diego Vel�zquez , and his love of letters by his favor to Lope de Vega , Calder�n , and other dramatists. He is even credited, on fairly probable testimony, with a share at least in the composition of several comedies. His good intentions were of no avail to his government. Coming to the throne at the age of sixteen, he did the wisest thing he could by allowing himself to be guided by the most capable man he could find. His favorite, Olivares, was a far more honest man than the Duke of Lerma, and was more fit for the place of prime minister than any Spaniard of the time. But Philip IV had not the strength of mind to free himself from the influence of Olivares when he had grown to manhood. The amusements which the favorite had encouraged became the business of the king's life. When, in 1643, the disasters falling on the monarchy on all sides led to the dismissal of Olivares, Philip had lost the power to devote himself to hard work. After a brief struggle with the task of directing the administration of the most extensive and the worst organized monarchy in Europe, he sank back into his pleasures and was governed by other favorites. His political opinions were those he had inherited from his father and grandfather. He thought it his duty to support the German Habsburgs and the cause of the Roman Catholic Church against the Protestants, to assert his sovereignty over Holland, and to extend the dominions of his house. The utter exhaustion of his people in the course of a hopeless struggle with Holland, France and England was seen by him with sympathy, but he considered it an unavoidable misfortune and not the result of his own errors, since he could not be expected to renounce his rights or to desert the cause of God and the Church. In public he maintained a bearing of rigid solemnity, and was seen to laugh only three times in the course of his life. But in private he indulged in horseplay and very coarse immorality. His court was grossly vicious. The early death of his eldest son, Baltasar Carlos, was unquestionably due to debauchery encouraged by the gentlemen entrusted by the king with his education. The lesson shocked the king, but its effect soon wore off. Philip IV died broken-hearted on the 17th of September 1665, expressing the hope that his surviving son, Carlos, would be more fortunate than himself. Father: Philip III (King of Spain) Mother: Margaret Sister: Anne of Austria (Queen of France, b. 1601, d. 1666) Brother: Ferdinand (Governor of the Netherlands) Wife: Elizabeth Bourbon (b. 1603, m. 1615, d. 1644) Daughter: Maria Margarita (b. 1621) Daughter: Margarita Maria Catalina (b. 1623) Daughter: Maria Eugenia (b. 1625, d. 1627) Daughter: Isabel Maria Teresa (b. 1627) Son: Baltasar Carlos (b. 1629, d. 1646) Daughter: Maria Ana Antonia (b. 1636) Daughter: Maria Theresa of Spain (b. 1638, d. 1683)


In which English county are the Medway Towns?

Kent Map - South East England - Mapcarta South East England Kent Loading… Kent is the most south-eastern county of South-East England. Popularly known as the "Garden of England". The county council area does not include the Medway towns which are administered separately as a Unitary Authority, but form many purposes they are still considered to be part of Kent, and that is how they are treated here. Ramsgate is a seaside town in Kent close to Dover and Canterbury. Loading… Canterbury is a cathedral and university city in Kent, in the South East of England . Loading… Royal Tunbridge Wells is a town in West Kent on the border with East Sussex , in the South East of England . Loading… Broadstairs is a popular coastal town in East Kent. The town lies above a harbour, historically known for smuggling. Loading… Sevenoaks is a town in Kent, in the South East of England . Sevenoaks is a fairly traditional market town, although these days, given its proximity to London , it is known largely as a commuter town. Loading… Folkestone is a town on the Kent coast, in the South East of England . Loading… Dover is a port in East Kent, in the South East of England . Dover has been a permanent settlement since at least the time of the Romans, who were the first to record its presence, giving it the name Dubris. Loading… Maidstone is a town in Mid-Kent, in the South East of England . Loading… Gillingham is a town on the River Medway in the north of the English county of Kent. Loading… Rochester is a small cathedral city on the River Medway in the north of the English county of Kent. Loading… Margate is a town in Kent and sister town to Ramsgate . Margate is on the whole a rather depressing mixture of fading Georgian and Victorian seaside grandeur and squalid 'bedsit-land' although there are some pleasant residential suburbs. Loading… Tonbridge is a town in West Kent, in South-East England . Situated on the banks of the river Medway, Tonbridge has been a market town since the Earl of Gloucester was granted the right to hold a weekly market in 1259. Loading… Dartford is a town in Kent, England . Note that the Dartford tunnel and bridge are toll roads but do not have booths. Loading… Whitstable is a town in Kent, England . Whitstable is located on the North Kent Coast. Loading… Faversham is a town in the English county of Kent, UK . The history of the town can traced back 2000 years to Roman times. Loading… Chatham is a town on the River Medway in the north of the English county of Kent, UK . Loading… Sandwich is a village in Kent. The Earl of Sandwich is noted for the 'creation' of the sandwich snack. Loading… Hythe is in the District of Shepway, in Kent. The main roads leading towards Hythe are the M20, which runs from the M25 via Maidstone and on to Ashford, and the A20 to Hythe . Loading… Latitude of center:  51° 11' 24" (51.19°) north Longitude of center:  0° 43' 48" (0.73°) east Average elevation:  25 meters (82 feet) Old English (ca. 450-1100):  Cent Persian:  کنت