What was the surname of the married couple convicted of spying for the Soviet Union, and who were executed in 1953?

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg executed - Jun 19, 1953 - HISTORY.com Julius and Ethel Rosenberg executed Share this: Julius and Ethel Rosenberg executed Author Julius and Ethel Rosenberg executed URL Publisher A+E Networks Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, a married couple convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage in 1951, are put to death in the electric chair. The execution marked the dramatic finale of the most controversial espionage case of the Cold War. Julius was arrested in July 1950, and Ethel in August of that same year, on the charge of conspiracy to commit espionage. Specifically, they were accused of heading a spy ring that passed top-secret information concerning the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union. The Rosenbergs vigorously protested their innocence, but after a brief trial in March 1951 they were convicted. On April 5, 1951, a judge sentenced them to death. The pair was taken to Sing Sing Prison in Ossining, New York, to await execution. During the next two years, the couple became the subject of both national and international debate. Many people believed that the Rosenbergs were the victims of a surge of hysterical anticommunist feeling in the United States, and protested that the death sentence handed down was cruel and unusual punishment. Most Americans, however, believed that the Rosenbergs had been dealt with justly. President Dwight D. Eisenhower spoke for many Americans when he issued a statement declining to invoke executive clemency for the pair. He stated, “I can only say that, by immeasurably increasing the chances of atomic war, the Rosenbergs may have condemned to death tens of millions of innocent people all over the world. The execution of two human beings is a grave matter. But even graver is the thought of the millions of dead whose deaths may be directly attributable to what these spies have done.” Julius Rosenberg was the first to be executed, at about 8 p.m. on June 19, 1953. Just a few minutes after his body was removed from the chamber containing the electric chair, Ethel Rosenberg was led in and strapped to the chair. She was pronounced dead at 8:16 p.m. Both refused to admit any wrongdoing and proclaimed their innocence right up to the time of their deaths. Two sons, Michael and Robert, survived them. Related Videos


What is the main grape used in the production of Rioja red wine?

Grape varieties - Regulatory Board of Denominación de Origen Rioja Grape varieties Vinification and ageing Grape varieties The experience of grape growers and wine makers has resulted in a selection of those grape varieties that best adapt to the region’s climate and soils, while producing wine of the highest quality. This historical process has now been complemented by the innovative drive of the wine industry, always on top of market evolution and demands.  This led to the approval of new grape varieties in 2007 for the first time since the Designation was created in 1925. The primary goal behind this is to achieve greater competitiveness in white wines and to bring diversity to wine production while maintaining the wines’ identity and differentiation. The grape varieties that are currently authorised by the Regulations of the D. O. Ca. Rioja are: RED: TEMPRANILLO, GARNACHA, GRACIANO, MAZUELO y MATURANA TINTA. WHITE: VIURA, MALVASÍA, GARNACHA BLANCA, TEMPRANILLO BLANCO, MATURANA BLANCA, TURRUNTÉS, CHARDONNAY, SAUVIGNON BLANC Y VERDEJO.   Tempranillo Considered native to Rioja, it is the wine region’s most typical grape. It is the origin of the identity of its wines and one of the great grape varieties in the world. It occupies more than 75% of the region’s vineyards and it is very versatile from an oenological viewpoint. It is capable of producing wines that can withstand long ageing periods, with a good balance of alcohol content, colour and acidity, and an honest, smooth, fruity mouthfeel that turns velvety as it ages. Regarding its agronomic performance, it sets well but is highly sensitive to pests and disease and not very resistant to drought or high temperatures. Its name comes from the Spanish “temprano” meaning “early” and it does in fact ripen quite early. There are varying degrees of similarity with the various varieties that are purportedly the same as Tempranillo de Rioja. This ranges from almost complete similarity in the case of Cencibel, Tinto de Madrid, Tinto del País and Tinto Fino to more distant resemblances such as Tinto de Toro and Ull de Llebre. Tempranillo is currently widely planted across Spain because of its proven quality. It is an authorised grape variety in no less than 28 designations of origin, of which 12 consider it as their main variety or one of the preferred varieties.     Garnacha Tinta This grape variety native to Spain is the most extensively grown variety in the world . In Rioja, it complements the Tempranillo with its aromas and body. With good extract and alcohol content, its wines vary depending on environmental conditions (temperature) and tending practices (production). In warm areas, it produces the kind of wine that has given it its reputation as a rugged grape but in cool areas it produces very interesting, well-balanced wines, particularly rosés. Prone to coulure, this is nonetheless a hardy plant, able to withstand periods of drought, and also fairly resistant to pests and major vine diseases such as rust mites and powdery mildew; hence its popularity among growers. Synonyms found in ampelographic collections around the world include: Abundante, Alicante, Cannonaddu, Cannonaddu Nieddu, Cannonao, Cannonau Selvaggio, Canonazo, Carignane Rosso, Garnaccho Negro, Garnatxa País, Gironet, Granaccia, Granaxa, Grenache Rouge, Lladoner, Retagliad Nieddu, Rivesaltes, Rousillon Tinto, Rousillon,  Tinto Aragonés, Tinto Navalcarnero, Uva di Spagna.      Graciano Graciano is an indigenous grape variety and its cultivation is very limited in other areas. Shown to be an excellent complement to Tempranillo in the ageing process, this grape has a promising future in Rioja, where its planted surface area has increased significantly in the last few years, although it has yet to reach pre-phylloxera figures. It requires clay-limestone soils and a cool climate. It is fairly resistant to mildew and powdery mildew, with low fertility rates and late maturing. It offers wines with a marked acidity and polyphenolic content, ideal for ageing, with a unique aroma that is much more intense than thos


What did Watson, Crick and Wilson discover in 1953, and for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1962?

The Discovery of the Molecular Structure of DNA - The Double Helix The Discovery of the  Molecular Structure of DNA - The Double Helix A Scientific  Breakthrough The sentence "This structure has novel features  which are of considerable biological interest" may be  one of science's most famous understatements. It  appeared in April 1953 in the scientific paper where  James Watson and Francis Crick presented the  structure of the DNA-helix, the molecule that carries  genetic information from one generation to the  other. Nine years later, in 1962, they shared the Nobel  Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Maurice Wilkins,  for solving one of the most important of all  biological riddles. Half a century later, important  new implications of this contribution to science are  still coming to light. What is DNA? The work of many scientists        paved the way for the exploration of DNA. Way back in        1868, almost a century before the Nobel Prize was        awarded to Watson, Crick and Wilkins, a young Swiss        physician named Friedrich Miescher, isolated        something no one had ever seen before from the nuclei        of cells. He called the compound "nuclein." This is        today called nucleic acid, the "NA" in DNA        (deoxyribo-nucleic-acid) and RNA   (ribo-nucleic-acid). Francis Crick and James    Watson, 1953. Photo: Cold     Spring Harbor Laboratory Archives Maurice Wilkins.   Two years earlier, the Czech  monk Gregor Mendel, had finished a series of  experiments with peas. His observations turned out to  be closely connected to the finding of nuclein.  Mendel was able to show that certain traits in the  peas, such as their shape or color, were inherited in  different packages. These packages are what we now  call genes. For a long time the connection  between nucleic acid and genes was not known. But in  1944 the American scientist Oswald Avery managed to  transfer the ability to cause disease from one strain  of bacteria to another. But not only that: the  previously harmless bacteria could also pass the  trait along to the next generation. What Avery had  moved was nucleic acid. This proved that genes were  made up of nucleic acid.   Solving the  Puzzle In the late 1940's, the members of the scientific        community were aware that DNA was most likely the        molecule of life, even though many were skeptical        since it was so "simple." They also knew that DNA        included different amounts of the four bases adenine,        thymine, guanine and cytosine (usually abbreviated A,        T, G and C), but nobody had the slightest idea of   what the molecule might look like. In order to solve the elusive structure of DNA, a  couple of distinct pieces of information needed to be  put together. One was that the phosphate backbone was  on the outside with bases on the inside; another that  the molecule was a double helix. It was also  important to figure out that the two strands run in  opposite directions and that the molecule had a  specific base pairing. As in the solving of other complex problems, the  work of many people was needed to establish the full  picture. The original DNA model by    Watson and Crick. Photo: Cold     Spring Harbor Laboratory Archives   Using X-rays to See Through  DNA Watson and Crick used stick-and-ball models to        test their ideas on the possible structure of DNA.        Other scientists used experimental methods instead.        Among them were Rosalind Franklin and Maurice        Wilkins, who were using X-ray diffraction to        understand the physical structure of the DNA   molecule. When you shine X-rays on any kind of crystal – and some biological molecules, such as DNA,  can form crystals if treated in certain ways – the invisible rays bounce off the sample. The rays  then create complex patterns on photographic film. By  looking at the patterns, it is possib


John Harmon, Bella Wilfer and Noddy Boffin are characters in which of Charles Dickens' novels?

Our Mutual Friend by Charles Dickens | PenguinRandomHouse.com Add to Cart About Our Mutual Friend A satiric masterpiece about the allure and peril of money, Our Mutual Friend revolves around the inheritance of a dust-heap where the rich throw their trash. When the body of John Harmon, the dust-heap’s expected heir, is found in the Thames, fortunes change hands surprisingly, raising to new heights “Noddy” Boffin, a low-born but kindly clerk who becomes “the Golden Dustman.” Charles Dickens’s last complete novel, Our Mutual Friend encompasses the great themes of his earlier works: the pretensions of the nouveaux riches, the ingenuousness of the aspiring poor, and the unfailing power of wealth to corrupt all who crave it. With its flavorful cast of characters and numerous subplots, Our Mutual Friend is one of Dickens’s most complex—and satisfying—novels. About Our Mutual Friend When John Harmon—who has been left a fortune if he will marry the girl his miserly father chose for him—is found floating dead in the Thames, he sets in motion a story overflowing with cases of deception and mistaken identity, of murder and attempted murder, of sin and redemption. The influence of the notorious Harmon inheritance ripples through a large cast of vividly drawn characters from every level of society, including Noddy Boffin, known as “the Golden Dustman”; the one-legged villain Silas Wegg; willful Bella Wilfer; saintly Lizzie Hexam; the sharp-witted doll’s dressmaker Jenny Wren; the social-climbing Veneerings; the ruthless speculator Fascination Fledgeby; and the river-scavenging corpse robbers Gaffer Hexam and Rogue Riderhood. Out of this flurry of invention Dickens creates in Our Mutual Friend a portrait of a city and a civilization that is at once indignant, compassionate, and utterly unforgettable. Charles Dickens’s last completed novel features one of his most surreal and haunting visions of  London, shadowed by towering dust heaps that supply the corrupting riches at the heart of the plot and washed by the dark river that winds its way insistently through the story. This edition reprints the original Everyman’s preface by G. K. Chesterton and features forty illustrations by Marcus Stone. About Our Mutual Friend Our Mutual Friend is a satiric masterpiece about money. The last novel Dickens completed, and perhaps his most angry, it sounds all the great themes of his later work: the innocence and venality of the aspiring poor, the hollow pretensions of the nouveau riche, the unfailing power of wealth to corrupt everyone it touches. Among those caught up in the ruthless forces of change in Dickens’s London are the archetypal innocent Noddy Boffin, who ‘inherits’ a dustheap where the trash of the rich is thrown; Silas Wegg, a grotesque, one-legged man with unlimited fantasies of grandeur and power; Mr. Veneering, Member of Parliament, whose house, furnishings, servants, carriage, and baby are all ‘bran-new’; and Alfred and Sophronia Lammle, who marry one another because each wrongly believes the other is rich. The social themes of Our Mutual Friend–having to do with the treatment of the poor, education, representative government, even the inheritance laws–are informed and brought into coherence by the underlying presence of the Thames, signifying the perpetual flow of life into death, and acting as agent of retribution and regeneration too, as a kind of river god in fact, in a novel in which no other god is very present. About Our Mutual Friend A satiric masterpiece about the allure and peril of money, Our Mutual Friend revolves around the inheritance of a dust-heap where the rich throw their trash. When the body of John Harmon, the dust-heap’s expected heir, is found in the Thames, fortunes change hands surprisingly, raising to new heights “Noddy” Boffin, a low-born but kindly clerk who becomes “the Golden Dustman.” Charles Dickens’s last complete novel, Our Mutual Friend encompasses the great themes of his earlier works: the pretensions of the nouveaux riches, the ingenuousness of the aspiring poor, and the unfailing power of wealth t


What was the name of the double agent convicted of spying for the Soviet nion in 1961, and who escaped from prison in 1966?

Spies of the Cold War Era - History Learning Site History Learning Site   Spies of the Cold War Era Citation: C N Trueman "Spies of the Cold War Era" historylearningsite.co.uk . The History Learning Site , 9 Mar 2015. 16 Aug 2016. Spies and spying became part of the Cold War game. Both sides in the Cold War used spies as a way of acquiring knowledge of what the other was doing or to spread false knowledge of what one side was doing. Spies could become double agents and the whole story has developed a rather romantic image as a result of Western film portrayals of spies. However, for all of them spying was far from romantic – it was a highly dangerous job and many worked knowing that there was barely any chance of being rescued if caught. A few were exchanged for other spies – but prison or execution were the more usual punishments for being caught – either by betrayal or making errors. Both sides involved in the Cold War used spies from all types of background. The ability to seamlessly blend into the background was vital. The Soviet Union also employed men from Britain to spy on Britain – men who had become disaffected by the British way of life and looked to the east. The most famous were the ‘Cambridge Five’ – graduates who as a result of their background had got into high positions in the British Establishment. Throughout the era of the Cold War information covertly acquired in Britain ended up with the KGB. British agents in the Soviet Union paid a high price for their betrayal. The extent to which the ‘Establishment’ had been infiltrated first became publicly apparent in 1951 when Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean fled Britain for the Soviet Union. They had been tipped off that they were about to be arrested by Kim Philby who from 1944 to 1946 had been head of counter-intelligence activities at British Intelligence. All three men were part of the ‘Cambridge Five’. Burgess and Maclean had passed over to the Soviet Union thousands of confidential documents. In 1955, John Vassal, who was the naval attaché at the British Embassy in Moscow was jailed for eighteen years after spying for the Soviet Union. One year later in 1956, Burgess and Maclean surfaced in Moscow after seemingly disappearing in 1951. Here they were reasonably safe as the Cold War moved to new heights with the Suez Crisis and the Hungarian Uprising . Both sides in the Cold War became more entrenched in their views on the other and to the Soviet authorities Burgess and Maclean were excellent trophies – and also ‘proof’ that the British way of life could not be good. After all, why would two very well educated men leave if their lifestyle was so good there? Also in 1956, Anthony Blunt received a knighthood and was put in charge of the Queen’s art collection. Years later, it was announced that he was the fourth member of the ‘Cambridge Five’. However, in 1956, his appointment was an indication of just how far into the Establishment some spies had managed to inveigle themselves. Nuclear technology was vital for both sides if they were not seen by the other as falling behind. The launch of Sputnik was a huge blow to American pride and its implication for rocket-delivered nuclear bombs was huge. However, nuclear submarine technology was also vital for submarine-launched nuclear missiles. Both sides wanted to know what the other was doing in this area. In 1961, three men and two women were jailed – Gordon Lonsdale, Peter Kroger, Helen Kroger, Henry Houghton and Ethel Gee. They were found guilty of plotting to hand over to the Russians secrets about Britain’s first nuclear submarine. Also in 1961, George Blake was given a 42-year prison sentence for spying for the Soviet Union. Blake had worked for British Intelligence but was, in fact, a double agent and had been for a total of nine years. In 1966, Blake escaped from prison. In 1963, the man who led the ‘Cambridge Five’ fled to the Soviet Union. Kim Philby believed that it was only a matter of time before he was arrested – hence his defection. In 1963, Philby admitted that he was the so-called ‘Third Man’. Also


What did Bardeen, Shockley and Brattain invent in 1947, and for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1956?

John Bardeen, William B. Shockley, and Walter H. Brattain and the Invention of the Transistor John Bardeen, William Shockley, Walter Brattain Invention of the Transistor - Bell Laboratories More By Alaina G. Levine On December 14, 2006, the American Physical Society presented a plaque to Bell Laboratories in honor of John Bardeen (1908-1991), William B. Shockley (1910-1989), and Walter H. Brattain (1902-1987) for their invention of the transistor, which has been called “the most important invention of the 20th Century.”1 Developed from semiconductor material, the transistor was the first device that could both amplify an electrical signal, as well as turn it on and off, allowing current to flow or to be blocked.2 It was small in size, generated very low heat, and was very dependable, making possible a breakthrough in the miniaturization of complex circuitry.3 The transistor heralded in the “Information Age” and paved the way for the development of almost every electronic device, from radios to computers to space shuttles. For their monumental “researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect,"4 Bardeen, Shockley and Brattain were presented with the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956. The genesis of the transistor emanates, interestingly enough, from a marketing problem. In the early part of the 20th Century, AT&T was engrossed in expanding its telephone service across the continent in an effort to beat the competition. The company turned to its research and development arm, Bell Laboratories, to develop innovations to meet this need. At the time, telephone technology was based on vacuum tubes, which were essentially modified light bulbs that controlled electron flow, allowing for current to be amplified. But vacuum tubes were not very reliable, and they consumed too much power and produced too much heat to be practical for AT&T’s needs. Furthermore, as scientists at Bell Labs discovered, transcontinental telephone communication required the use of ultrahigh frequency waves and the vacuum tubes were incapable of picking up rapid vibrations.5 An all-star team of scientists was assembled at Bell Labs to develop a replacement for the vacuum tubes based on solid-state semiconductor materials.6 Shockley, who had received his Ph.D. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1936 and joined Bell Labs the same year, was selected as the team leader. He recruited several scientists for the project, including Brattain and Bardeen. Walter Brattain had been working for Bell Labs since 1929, the year he received his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Minnesota. His main research interest was on the surface properties of solids.7 John Bardeen was a theoretical physicist with an industrial engineering background. With a Ph.D. in physics from Princeton University, he was working as an assistant professor at the University of Minnesota when Shockley invited him to join the group.8 The team commenced work on a new means of current amplification. In 1945, Shockley designed what he hoped would be the first semiconductor amplifier, an apparatus that consisted of “a small cylinder coated thinly with silicon, mounted close to a small, metal plate”. The device didn't work, and Shockley assigned Bardeen and Brattain to find out why.9 In 1947, during the so-called “Miracle Month” of November 17 to December 23, Brattain and Bardeen performed experiments to determine what was preventing Shockley’s device from amplifying. They noticed that condensation kept forming on the silicon. Could this be the deterrent? Brattain submerged the experiment in water “inadvertently creating the largest amplification thus far.” Bardeen was emboldened by this result, and suggested they modify the experiment to include a [gold] metal point that would be pushed into the silicon surrounded by distilled water. At last there was amplification, but disappointingly, at a trivial level. But the scientists were galvanized by the meager result, and over the next few weeks, experimented with various materials and set ups. They replaced


What is the main grape used in the production of Chianti wine?

Chianti Tuscany grape varieties Sangiovese Sangiovese is Italy's most commonly-planted red grape variety and is particularly common in central Italy. In 1990, almost 10% of all Italian vineyards were planted with some form of this grape.     Under its various names (Brunello, Prugnolo Gentile, Morellino), it is the principal vine variety     used to produce Chianti and other Tuscan red wines. In Tuscany alone, no less than 25 appellations require Sangiovese as the main grape variety in the blend.     Sangiovese has many clonal varieties, two of which predominate. The Sangiovese Grosso variety Brunello is used for the dark red, traditionally powerful and slow-maturing Brunello di     Montalcino wine. The other is the Sangiovese Piccolo, also known under the historical synonym Sangioveto, used for standard Chianti Classico DOC wines. A third     variety, Morellino, is used in a popular wine blend of the same name found in the southern part of     Tuscany. While sangiovese is the sole grape variety permitted for Brunello di Montalcino and     is the basis of the blends for Chianti, Vino Nobile de Montepulciano and the vast majority of the "super-Tuscans" (such as Sassicaia and     Ornellaia), it is also the main red grape for all of central Italy, widely planted in Umbria (where it gives its best results in the DOCG wines Torgiano and     Montefalco), in the Marches (where it is the base of the Rosso Piceno, and an important component of the Rosso     Conero), and in Latium. The Sangiovese vine itself, probably indigenous to Tuscany, is of ancient origin, as the literal translation of its name ("Blood of Jove") suggests. Conventional descriptions of Sangiovese divide the variety into two families: Sangiovese     Grosso, to which Brunello, Prugnolo Gentile and Sangiovese di Lamole belong, and Sangiovese Piccolo. The former is generally considered to be superior. Sangiovese is slow and late to ripen, which gives a rich, alcoholic and long-lived wine. Over-production tends to accentuate the wine's acidity and lighten its     colour. Further difficulties are experienced because of the rather thin skin of the     grape, making it susceptible to rot in damp years. Throughout Tuscany, Sangiovese is now often blended with Cabernet Sauvignon     or Cabernet Franc, whether for Chianti (where Cabernet Sauvignon must not exceed 15%) or Vino da     Tavola. The blend is highly successful, producing intense fruit and     colour, and there are numerous excellent Vini da Tavola so-named because     the exceed the blend limit and not because they are inferior in taste to     the DOC and DOCG wines. Trebbiano Trebbiano is the most common name for the undistinguished Ugni Blanc grape. It has many     mutations and sub-varieties such as Procanico in Tuscany and Umbria. It is so widely planted in     France that probably produces more wine than other vine variety in the world. It's more often cited in DOC regulations that another other single variety and may well account for more than a third of Italy's entire DOC white wine production. The wines are generally light, white and crisp.     Trebbiano (along with Malvasia) has been excluded from the official     Chianti Classico DOCG composition from the 2005 vintage onwards. Historical references to Trebbiano include Pliny ("vinum trebulanum") and Petrus de Crescenthiis in 1303, making it an ancient vine. Today, Trebbiano's principal varieties are Trebbiano     Toscano, Trebbiano Romagnolo, Trebbiano d'Abruzzo, Trebbiano Giallo and Trebbiano di Soave. Vernaccia Vernaccia is a minor grape of ancient origin grown in San Gimignano in the Tuscany region of     Italy that traditionally produces dry, lean white wines that soften after two or more years bottle aging.     It also used to create sweet golden white wines. An unrelated variety is the Vernaccia di Oristano from     Sardinia that produces sherry-like wines     with enormous aging potential. Canaiolo Canaiolo     (Nero) is now a somewh


James and Henry Durie and the Lady Alison are characters in which of Robert Louis Stevenson's novels?

The Master of Ballantrae by Robert Louis Stevenson - Read Online About Reviews From the Publisher Robert Louis Stevenson's classic historical adventure novel 'The Master of Ballantrae: A Winter's Tale' has been enjoyed around the world for over 120 years. The story follows two Scottish noblemen brothers whose family is torn apart by the Jacobite rising of 1745. Published: AUK Classics on Jun 21, 2012 ISBN: 9781781668894


From what did Prince Albert die in 1861?

Prince Albert's death finally solved 150 years, he was suffering Crohn's disease | Daily Mail Online comments His sudden death 150 years ago this week propelled his adoring wife, Queen Victoria, into life-long mourning. And until now it had always been thought that Prince Albert’s unexpected passing on December 14, 1861 - at the age of just 42 - had been caused by a virulent bout of typhoid fever. Now an acclaimed historian, who has spent the last three years researching the death of the Prince Consort, believes he actually succumbed to a very modern affliction – Crohn’s Disease. Mystery solved: Historian Helen Rappaport who has uncovered details about the death of Prince Albert Crohn’s is a serious – and sometimes fatal - form of inflammatory bowel disease that today affects one in 500 people. While the exact cause is unknown, the condition is linked to a problem with the body’s immune system response. RELATED ARTICLES Share this article Share A person’s genes and environmental factors seem to play a role in the development of Crohn’s disease, but it usually occurs in people between ages 15 - 35. Symptoms can come in waves and include debilitating and crampy abdominal pain, fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, chronic diarrhoea, liver inflammation and weight loss. So were the Royal Family simply mistaken about Albert’s death or was there a cover up? According to author Helen Rappaport - who has been given unrivalled access to contemporary records including both Albert and Victoria’s private letters, the Royal Archives and records of the Royal Household – the Queen’s husband had been chronically sick on and off all his adult life and suffered from long-standing gastric problems.  Deep bond: Queen Victoria was distraught after Prince Albert's death at the age of 42 This was never verified by doctors after his death, however, as grieving Victoria refused to allow a post-mortem to be carried out on her beloved husband. So Rappaport took her findings, contained in a detailed 14-page medical dossier, to the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford where Dr Chris Conlon, consultant in infectious diseases including typhoid, and Dr Simon Travis, consultant in gastroenterology, examined them in detail. Having looked at the evidence, both doctors dismissed typhoid fever and cancer as possible causes of death and concluded the evidence for Crohn’s looked very strong.  They pointed out that there are a number of similarities between the symptoms displayed by those suffering from typhoid fever and Crohn’s disease, including fever and severe abdominal pain, which may have accounted for confusion at the time. QUEEN VICTORIA'S GRIEF Her grief over the loss of her husband, Prince Albert, came to define her entire reign. The extent of Queen Victoria’s despair has been laid bare in a previously unseen letter, in which she expresses the hope that she will go to an early grave. The remarkably candid letter, which has been acquired by London auctioneers Argyll Etkin, is thought to be the first in the public domain in which the Queen yearns for her own death, so she can be reunited with her husband. Victoria wrote the ‘astonishing’ letter in March 1863, some 15 months after Albert’s death, to 82-year-old Viscount Gough. The hospital will be holding a seminar into the issue entitled ‘What Killed Prince Albert?”’ next month. The author then went to a  Crohn’s specialist in Belgium, Philippe van Hootegem of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Leuven. In his written reply, he says: ‘You were able to collect from letters and diaries a lot of details concerning the health problems of the Prince. These data clearly demonstrate the presence of a chronic condition with several years of intermittent episodes of  symptoms such as fatigue, abdominal cramps, inability to eat for several days, attacks of diarrhoea etc… leading eventually to a more serious situation of acute illness with rapid deterioration and death at  the age of 42. ‘A chronic inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn’s disease could certainly explain a


Which British politician described a fanatic as 'one who can't change his mind and won’t change the subject’?

Fanatic: One Who Can’t Change His Mind and Won’t Change the Subject | Quote Investigator Fanatic: One Who Can’t Change His Mind and Won’t Change the Subject Winston Churchill? Evan Esar? Anonymous? Dear Quote Investigator: The following humorous definition is often attributed to the statesman Winston Churchill: A fanatic is one who can’t change his mind and won’t change the subject. Could you explore the accuracy of this ascription? Quote Investigator: There is some evidence that Winston Churchill employed this phrase circa 1952 because it is listed in an important compilation of quotations created by Churchill’s friend Kay Halle who was a journalist. Details for this citation are given further below. Yet, the first evidence of this saying located by QI was printed nearly a decade earlier in the 1943 volume “Esar’s Comic Dictionary” by Evan Esar. Entries in this collection were formatted as definitions; for example, here were two humorous explications listed for the word “fanatic”: 1 fanatic. A person who redoubles his efforts after having forgotten his aims. One who can’t change his opinion and won’t change the subject. No attribution was provided by Esar, and the wording was slightly different in this instance: “opinion” was used instead of “mind”. In 1945 the quip appeared in a column titled “Dizzy Daffynitions” by Paul H. Gilbert published in the “Oakland Tribune” of Oakland, California: 2 FANATIC: One who can’t change his opinion and won’t change the subject. Here are additional selected citations in chronological order. In July 1949 an instance was printed in the high-circulation periodical “Reader’s Digest” with an acknowledgment to a newspaper in Pennsylvania: 3 Fanatic: One who can’t change his opinion and won’t change the subject. — Philadelphia Inquirer In August 1949 “The Attica News” printed a column titled “I’d Like to Know” by a writer using the fanciful name “SO-AN-SO” which included an instance of the joke with the word “mind” instead of “opinion”: 4 Isn’t a fanatic one who won’t change his mind and won’t let you change the subject? In December 1949 the comical remark appeared in “The Seattle Times” of Seattle, Washington together with an acknowledgement pointing to another newspaper: 5 Fanatic: One who can’t change his opinion and won’t change the subject.–Everson News. In February 1951 the joke was printed in the “Class Notes” section of the “Princeton Alumni Weekly”: 6 A fanatic is said to be a guy who can’t change his mind and won’t change the subject. In April 1951 a newspaper in North Carolina acknowledged a paper in Illinois when printing the jest: 7 A fanatic has been described as a person who won’t change his mind and can’t change the subject.—Mattoon (Ill.) Journal-Gazette. The important reference work “Irrepressible Churchill: A Treasury of Winston Churchill’s Wit” by Kay Halle printed the saying in a section dated 1952. Halle knew Winston Churchill and his son Randolph well and was a “frequent visitor to Chartwell, the Churchill country home in England”. She labeled the quotation “Ear-witness” which meant that a friend shared by Halle and Churchill ascribed the witticism to Churchill: 8 9 EAR-WITNESS W.S.C.: A fanatic is one who can’t change his mind and won’t change the subject. In February 1952 a Yonkers, New York printed a version with a different wording without attribution: 10 A fanatic is a chap who can’t change his viewpoint and won’t change the subject! In May 1952 “The Christian Science Monitor” of Boston, Massachusetts ascribed the phrase to Winston Churchill: 11 Says Winston Churchill, “A fanatic is one who can’t change his mind and won’t change the subject.” Over here there’s a difference—they call each other Democrats and Republicans. The text above appeared in other newspaper in 1952 such as the “Rivers Gazette” of Rivers, Manitoba. 12 And a similar quotation and ascription were printed in papers such as “The High Point Enterprise” of High Point, North Carolina which acknowledged another paper: 13 “A fanatic,” says Winston Churchill, “is one who can’t change his mind and won’t c


Who painted 'Man in a Golden Helmet', in 1550 and 'Aristotle Contemplating the Bust of Homer' in 1653?

Museum of art, Teaching and Museums on Pinterest rembrandts art | Rembrandt, Aristotle with a Bust of Homer Aristotle contemplating the bust of Homer, is the title of this Rembrandt work, I believe.... See More


What is the forename of the shoe designer Loubertin?

Christian Louboutin Shoes | My Designer Shoes Home » Designer Brands » Christian Louboutin Christian Louboutin Shoes Christian Louboutin as a brand was born in 1992 with the opening of the 1st Louboutin boutique. Hand crafted in Italy the quality is guaranteed. The Famous Christian Louboutin shoes are pure elegance with their unmistakable red soles. Christian Louboutin shoes can now be found throughout the world with actresses and singers including Cameron Diaz, Gwyneth Paltrow, Gwen Steffani, Destinys Child and Kylie Minogue all choosing Louboutins as their number 1 designer choice. It is easier to identify who are all wearing Christian Louboutin shoes during a prominent function, for example Oscar Award ceremony. Those finely designed shoes with a red leather sole bore the hallmark of this brand. You will find that Angelina Jolie, Mariah Carey, Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, and Madonna all wear Christian Louboutin shoes – that is, if you manage to fix your gaze only on the shoes. No items matching your keywords were found. Christian Louboutin Shoes: The Red Leather Sole Heels The brand was established by Christian Louboutin in Paris. At the beginning, he was sort of a mobile salesman of his own creations. But he could not find success. So he opened an outlet in Paris, which slowly attracted good business. At the beginning, his boutique shop was known more for their warm customer relationship than the products. But soon the products became globally renowned. The idea of red leather sole came later. But once it was introduced, it became a sort of unofficial patent and logo for Christian Louboutin shoes. The brand’s accessories are known for their simple and elegant design. In a sense, Louboutin shoes effortlessly blend both comfort and fashion aesthetics. Since a number of glamor icons of the present generation vouch for it, it has acquired a kind of sex appeal also. Christian Louboutin Shoes Guides, Styles and Reviews


General Gordon, Michelangelo and Cardinal Richelieu have all been played on screen by which actor?

Charlton Heston Dies at Beverly Hills Home | Fox News Charlton Heston Dies at Beverly Hills Home Published        April 06, 2008 Facebook 0 Twitter 0 Email Print LOS ANGELES –  Charlton Heston, who won the 1959 best actor Oscar as the chariot-racing "Ben-Hur" and portrayed Moses, Michelangelo, El Cid and other heroic figures in movie epics of the '50s and '60s, has died. He was 84. The actor died Saturday night at his home in Beverly Hills with his wife Lydia at his side, family spokesman Bill Powers said. Powers declined to comment on the cause of death or provide further details. "Charlton Heston was seen by the world as larger than life. He was known for his chiseled jaw, broad shoulders and resonating voice, and, of course, for the roles he played," Heston's family said in a statement. "No one could ask for a fuller life than his. No man could have given more to his family, to his profession, and to his country." Heston revealed in 2002 that he had symptoms consistent with Alzheimer's disease, saying, "I must reconcile courage and surrender in equal measure." With his large, muscular build, well-boned face and sonorous voice, Heston proved the ideal star during the period when Hollywood was filling movie screens with panoramas depicting the religious and historical past. "I have a face that belongs in another century," he often remarked. The actor assumed the role of leader offscreen as well. He served as president of the Screen Actors Guild and chairman of the American Film Institute and marched in the civil rights movement of the 1950s. With age, he grew more conservative and campaigned for conservative candidates. In June 1998, Heston was elected president of the National Rifle Association, for which he had posed for ads holding a rifle. He delivered a jab at then-President Clinton, saying, "America doesn't trust you with our 21-year-old daughters, and we sure, Lord, don't trust you with our guns." Heston stepped down as NRA president in April 2003, telling members his five years in office were "quite a ride. ... I loved every minute of it." Later that year, Heston was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor. "The largeness of character that comes across the screen has also been seen throughout his life," President Bush said at the time. He engaged in a lengthy feud with liberal Ed Asner during the latter's tenure as president of the Screen Actors Guild. His latter-day activism almost overshadowed his achievements as an actor, which were considerable. Heston lent his strong presence to some of the most acclaimed and successful films of the midcentury. "Ben-Hur" won 11 Academy Awards, tying it for the record with the more recent "Titanic" (1997) and "The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King" (2003). Heston's other hits include: "The Ten Commandments," "El Cid," "55 Days at Peking," "Planet of the Apes" and "Earthquake." He liked to the cite the number of historical figures he had portrayed: Andrew Jackson ("The President's Lady," "The Buccaneer"), Moses ("The Ten Commandments"), title role of "El Cid," John the Baptist ("The Greatest Story Ever Told"), Michelangelo ("The Agony and the Ecstasy"), General Gordon ("Khartoum"), Marc Antony ("Julius Caesar," "Antony and Cleopatra"), Cardinal Richelieu ("The Three Musketeers"), Henry VIII ("The Prince and the Pauper"). Heston made his movie debut in the 1940s in two independent films by a college classmate, David Bradley, who later became a noted film archivist. He had the title role in "Peer Gynt" in 1942 and was Marc Antony in Bradley's 1949 version of "Julius Caesar," for which Heston was paid $50 a week. Film producer Hal B. Wallis ("Casablanca") spotted Heston in a 1950 television production of "Wuthering Heights" and offered him a contract. When his wife reminded him that they had decided to pursue theater and television, he replied, "Well, maybe just for one film to see what it's like." Heston earned star billing from his first Hollywood movie, "Dark City," a 1950 film noir. Cecil B. DeMille next cast him as the c


After what event did Churchill say 'the worst disaster and largest capitulationin British history'?

Part 2: Did Singapore Have to Fall? Part 2: Did Singapore Have to Fall? Finest Hour Part 2: Did Singapore Have to Fall? Britain’s “impregnable fortress” surrendered to the Japanese on 15 February 1942. Churchill called it “the worst disaster and largest capitulation in British history”; but in July 1942, five months after the fact, WSC said: “I have never made any predictions, except things like saying Singapore would hold out. What a fool and a knave I should have been to say it would fall.” Our 2007 Vancouver conference considered: just how “impregnable” was the “fortress”? Could it have been saved? What did Winston Churchill know, and when did he know it?   by Raymond P. Callahan   Dr. Callahan is Professor Emeritus of History, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware. His books include Churchill: Retreat from Empire; Burma, 1942-45; The Worst Disaster: The Fall of Singapore; and most recently Churchill and His Generals.       At the Admiralty during the “twilight war,” discussing his sponsorship of a prototype armored trench digger known as “Cultivator Number One,” Churchill remarked that he was “responsible but unrepentant.” It is not a bad description of the position he took—albeit less forthrightly—about his role in what he called the “worst disaster” in Britain’s military history: the fall of Singapore. We are here today to assess how much of the blame for that debacle he should shoulder before history.   The starting point in this assessment is the fundamental flaw in the “Singapore strategy” devised shortly after World War I: the assumption that, once the Singapore base was built, the Royal Navy would always be free to deploy eastwards to confront Japan. “Main fleet to Singapore” was the slogan describing this strategy. Carefully never answered was a question posed at an early date: What happens if a European threat made such a deployment impossible?   Perhaps, as Geoffrey Best has suggested, the sense after 1918 that this particular problem of imperial defense was essentially insoluble led to a tacit agreement—in London to be sure, but also and less understandably in Canberra as well—not to confront the issue. Churchill was in office first as Colonial Secretary and then as Chancellor of the Exchequer when the Singapore strategy took shape, and so bears some responsibility for it, but surely not more than the other policymakers involved—politicians, admirals and civil servants alike.   The situation Churchill confronted from May 1940 to February 1942 poses, of course, a very different question. Churchill was Prime Minister and Minister of Defense; his responsibility for a military catastrophe is inescapable. But how much at that point could he really have changed? The answer is, I would suggest, very little. Britain was fighting for its life, and Churchill was not about to risk the loss of the war against Germany by trying to be adequately prepared in the Far East for a war against Japan that might, with luck, never come.   It was crystal clear in May 1940 that neither the main fleet nor any substantial part of it could now go to Singapore. Churchill signed off in August 1940 on a new plan that gave the RAF the lead role in defending the Malay Peninsula and Singapore. But Churchill’s real strategy for the Far East was to depend upon the United States to deter Japan. At the back of his mind lurked the thought, freely albeit privately admitted at the time, that a Japanese attack which brought the United States into the war at Britain’s side would be well worth the resulting (in his mind, temporary) forfeits in the Far East.   Now we come to what, I would suggest, is the key issue: Given Churchill’s strategic framework, could he have done more for the defenders of Malaya and Singapore than he did? Here lies the heart of the case we must answer.   I put it to you that there were three areas where he could have done more—but that even if he had done more, it would have made no perceptible impact on the final result.   The first of these areas is the Byzantine and self-defeating chain of command in the Far East. It c


Miu Miu is a brand of which fashion house?

Miu Miu on FASHION NET Miuccia's nickname is now synonymous with girly glamour.   miumiu.com   Named after Miuccia Prada, Miu Miu is a younger, more accessible offshoot from the legendary designer. Launched in 1993, Miu Miu exists today as a stand-alone brand, differentiating itself from the Prada fashion house founded by her late grandfather, by adding distinct edge and frivolity (think geometric heels, lace trapeze and vinyl sheath dresses, mirrored appliqués and sequins). Since its inception, Miu Miu's scope has expanded to include bags, shoes, eyewear, and fragrances. "Fashion fosters clichés of beauty, but I want to tear them apart." Instagram


Who is the Roman goddess of luck and chance?

TYCHE (Tykhe) - Greek Goddess of Fortune & Luck (Roman Fortuna) Fortune, Chance Nemesis and Tyche, Athenian red-figure amphora C5th B.C., Antikensammlung Berlin TYKHE (Tyche) was the goddess of fortune, chance, providence and fate. She was usually honoured in a more favourable light as Eutykhia (Eutychia), goddess of good fortune, luck, success and prosperity. Tykhe was depicted with a variety of attributes--holding a rudder, she was conceived as the divinity guiding and conducting the affairs of the world, and in this respect she was called one of the Moirai (Moirae, Fates); with a ball she represented the varying unsteadiness of fortune, unsteady and capable of rolling in any direction; with Ploutos (Plutus) or the cornucopia, she was the symbol of the plentiful gifts of fortune. Nemesis (Fair Distribution) was cautiously regarded as the downside of Tykhe, one who provided a check on extravagant favours conferred by fortune. The pair were often depicted as companions in Greek vase painting. In the vase painting (right) Nemesis (Indignation) with her arm around Tykhe (Fortune) points an accusing fingure at Helene, who Aphrodite has persuaded to elope with Paris. FAMILY OF TYCHE [1] OKEANOS & TETHYS (Hesiod Theogony 360; Homeric Hymn 2.420) [2] ZEUS (Orphic Hymn 72, Pindar Olympian Ode) [3] PROMETHEUS (Alcman Frag 3) OFFSPRING [1] PLOUTOS (Aesop Fables 130, Pausanias 9.16.2) ENCYCLOPEDIA TYCHE (Tuchê). 1. The personification of chance or luck, the Fortuna of the Romans, is called by Pindar (Ol. xii. init.) a daughter of Zeus the Liberator. She was represented with different attributes. With a rudder, she was conceived as the divinity guiding and conducting the affairs of the world, and in this respect she is called one of the Moerae (Paus. vii. 26. § 3; Pind. Fragm. 75, ed. Heyne); with a ball she represents the varying unsteadiness of fortune; with Plutos or the horn of Amalthea, she was the symbol of the plentiful gifts of fortune. (Artemid. ii. 37.) Tyche was worshipped at Pharae in Messenia (Paus. iv. 30. § 2); at Smyrna, where her statue, the work of Bupalus, held with one hand a globe on her head, and in the other carried the horn of Amalthea (iv. 30. § 4); in the arx of Sicyon (ii. 7. § 5); at Aegeira in Achaia, where she was represented with the horn of Amalthea and a winged Eros by her side (vii. 26. § 3; comp. Plut. De Fort. Rom. 4; Arnob. adv. Gent. vi. 25); in Elis (Paus. vi. 25. § 4); at Thebes (ix. 16. § 1); at Lebadeia, together with agathos daimôn (ix. 39. § 4); at Olympia (v. 15. § 4), and Athens. (Aelian, V. H. ix. 39; comp. Fortuna.) 2. A nymph, one of the playmates of Persephone. (Hom. Hymn. in Cer. 421.) 3. One of the daughters of Oceanus. (Hes. Theog. 360.) Source: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. CLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES Nemesis and Eutychia, Athenian red-figure hydria C5th B.C., Badisches Landesmuseum Karlsruhe Hesiod, Theogony 346 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) : "Tethys bore to Okeanos (Oceanus) the swirling Potamoi (Rivers) . . . She [Tethys] brought forth also a race apart of daughters, who with lord Apollon and the Rivers have the young in their keeping all over the earth, since this right from Zeus is given them. They are Peitho . . . Kalypso (Calypso), Eudora and Tykhe (Tyche) [in a list of names] . . . Now these are the eldest of the daughters who were born to Tethys and Okeanos, but there are many others beside these." Pindar, Nemean Ode 12. 1 ff (trans. Conway) (Greek lyric C5th B.C.) : "Daughter of Zeus Eleutherios (Liberator), Tykhe (Tyche, Fortune) our saviour goddess." Alcman, Fragment 64 (trans. Campbell, Vol. Greek Lyric II) (Greek lyric C7th B.C.) : "Tykhe (Tyche, Fortune) sister of Eunomia (Right Order) and Peitho (Persuasion) daughter of Prometheus." Orphic Hymn 72 to Tyche (trans. Taylor) (Greek hymns C3rd B.C. to 2nd A.D.) : "Queen Tykhe (Tyche) . . . born of Eubouleos (Eubuleus) [Zeus, the Counsellor] famed." TYCHE COMPANION OF PERSEPHONE Homeric Hymn 2 to Demeter 5 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C7th or 6th B.C.) : "Sh


Oscar Schindler, Michael Collins and Alfred Kinsey have all been played on screen by which actor?

Liam Neeson - IMDb IMDb Actor | Producer | Soundtrack Liam Neeson was born on June 7, 1952 in Ballymena, Northern Ireland, UK, to Katherine (Brown), a cook, and Bernard Neeson, a school caretaker. Liam worked as a forklift operator for Guinness, truck driver, assistant architect and an amateur boxer. He had originally sought a career as a teacher by attending St. Mary's Teaching College, Newcastle. ... See full bio » Born: a list of 25 people created 22 Dec 2010 a list of 38 people created 10 Feb 2012 a list of 49 people created 15 May 2012 a list of 34 people created 08 May 2013 a list of 25 people created 9 months ago Do you have a demo reel? Add it to your IMDbPage How much of Liam Neeson's work have you seen? User Polls Nominated for     1     Oscar. Another    18 wins & 36 nominations. See more awards  » Known For  2016 Inside Amy Schumer (TV Series) Don Cheadle  2015 Nature Is Speaking (TV Series short) Ice  2013 Khumba Phango (voice)  2008 Fallout 3 (Video Game) James - Father (voice)  2004 Patrick (TV Movie documentary) Narrator (voice)  1988 Screen Two (TV Series) Martin Perry  1987 Sworn to Silence (TV Movie) Vincent Cauley  1986 Miami Vice (TV Series) Sean Carroon  1986 If Tomorrow Comes (TV Mini-Series) Insp. André Trignant  1985 Arthur the King (TV Movie) Grak  1984 Ellis Island (TV Mini-Series) Kevin Murray  1983 Across the Water (TV Movie) Martin  1980 BBC2 Playhouse (TV Series) Blacksmith  1978 Play for Today (TV Series) Dermot  2017 Karenina & I (Documentary) (producer) Hide   2014 The LEGO Movie Videogame (Video Game) (performer: "Danny Boy" - uncredited) Hide   1996 Some Mother's Son (special thanks) Hide   2017 WGN Morning News (TV Series) Himself  2010-2016 Made in Hollywood (TV Series) Himself  2004-2016 Live! with Kelly (TV Series) Himself - Guest  1993-2016 Good Morning America (TV Series) Himself - Guest  2016 1916 (TV Mini-Series documentary) Narrator  2016 1916: The Irish Rebellion (TV Series documentary) Narrator  2015 Liam Neeson: Action All Night (Video documentary short) Himself  2015 Red Nose Day (TV Special) Himself  2015 A 'Taken' Legacy (Video short) Himself  2015 Taken to LA (Video short) Himself  2015 Días de cine (TV Series) Himself - Interviewee  2015 El hormiguero (TV Series) Himself  2009-2015 Entertainment Tonight (TV Series) Himself / Himself - A Walk Among the Tombstones  2014-2015 Jimmy Kimmel Live! (TV Series) Himself - Guest / Bryan Mills  2015 Drew Pearson Live (TV Series) Himself - Special Guest  2012-2015 Janela Indiscreta (TV Series) Himself  2015 A Look Behind the Tombstones (Video documentary short) Himself  2015 Matt Scudder: Private Eye (Video documentary short) Himself  2012-2015 In Character With... (TV Series) Himself  2015 The Insider (TV Series) Himself  2014 Saving My Tomorrow (TV Series documentary) Himself  2008-2014 The One Show (TV Series) Himself - Guest - Episode #3.175 (2008) ... Himself - Guest  2014 Today (TV Series)  2014 Nature (TV Series documentary) Himself - Narrator  2004-2014 Saturday Night Live (TV Series) Himself / Himself - Host  2009-2014 The Daily Show (TV Series) Himself - Guest  2014 Weekend Ticket (TV Series short) Himself  2014 60 Minutes (TV Series documentary) Himself - Actor (segment "Liam Neeson")  2013 The 67th Annual Tony Awards (TV Special documentary) Himself - Presenter: American Theatre Wing  2012 The Gentleman Prizefighter (TV Series documentary) Narrator  2011-2012 ES.TV HD (TV Series) Himself - Guest  2012 Sidewalks Entertainment (TV Series) Himself - Guest  2012 Entertainers with Byron Allen (TV Series documentary) Himself - Guest  2012 Highly Questionable (TV Series) Himself  2012 Evening Urgant (TV Series) Himself  2012 Battleship: Commander Pete (Video short) Himself  2012 1st Look (TV Series) Himself - Interviewee  2012 IC Places Hollywood (TV Series) Himself - Interviewee  2011 Unknown: The Story (Video short) Himself  2011 Lopez Tonight (TV Series) Himself - Guest  2010-2011 The 7PM Project (TV Series) Himself - Guest  2010 Buccaneers and Bones (TV Series) Himself (2012)  2010 A-Team: Character Chronicles


Who, in 1989, skippered the first all female crew to sail around the world?

Tracy Edwards: Why women make better sailors | World news | The Guardian Why women make better sailors Tracy Edwards Share on Messenger Close It is almost impossible to describe just how difficult it is to sail around the world against the prevailing winds and currents. To do it single-handedly as Dee Caffari has this month almost defies imagination. In 1989, at the age of 24, I skippered Maiden in the Whitbread Round the World Race and we became the first all-female crew to sail around the world. As the only member of our crew who had raced round before, I knew what was coming but even so, when we had the misfortune to have the wind against us for nine days in the Southern Ocean, I wanted Scotty to beam me up. None of us had ever been so miserable. That was nine days. Dee has just done that for more than 29,000 gruelling miles and for 178 mind-numbing days. She joins Ellen McArthur and others in the ranks of sailors who are truly world class, regardless of gender. Women's sailing really has finally come of age, not in the yacht clubs maybe, but out on the water where it counts. So, what is it that makes so many female sailors successful in this particular field? During the run up to the Whitbread, we had absolutely no preconceived ideas about how an all-female crew would, or should, perform under extreme conditions. This was actually an advantage. The first thing we did was look at sleep patterns. We worked with a sleep specialist at Southampton University, taking part in his ongoing sleep study, the results of which showed that women are extremely adept at cat-napping and have more stamina, when sleep deprived, than men. (As the mother of a six year old I feel I may have some idea why that might be.) We were also told that women survive longer in life rafts than men, possibly due to the extra layer of fat we carry. I'll take his word on it. Ocean racing is also a sport of brains not brawn, stamina not strength, and this enables women to compete with men. Dinghy racing and America's Cup sailing is a slightly different matter, with weight and muscle playing a decisive role. It is a shame that we do not see more mixed crews in this area, utilising the best of both genders. When we put together the world's first truly mixed gender professional racing crew on Maiden II, the proof was in the world records that were smashed. Whatever the clinical and physical reasons for the success of women sailors I do believe that a strong sense of purpose and focus is key. Having been sidelined for so long there is a unity that prevails under the surface. I remember when we lent McArthur a piece of mast track so that she could start her Jules Verne record attempt, some professional male sailors told me we were mad to assist another team. If my daughter is to live in a world where equality is reality and not a dream then it is women such as Dee who help create that reality. She is an inspiration to those of us who would go down to the sea in boats. I truly hope that the next generation of British sailors, male or female, take a leaf out of her book. Many congratulations Dee!


What species of willow is much used in basketwork?

Willow Tree Names and Types of Willow (Salix) Species Salix ×laestadiana = Salix cinerea × Salix lapponum Salix ×laurentiana (Laurent's Willow) = Salix discolor (Pussy Willow) × Salix myricoides (Bayberry Willow) Salix ×laurina (Laurel-leaf Willow, Lagervide) = Salix caprea × Salix phylicifolia Salix ×lyonensis = Salix repens (Creeping Willow) × Salix arbuscula Salix ×meyeriana (Shiny-leaf Willow) = Salix pentandra × Salix euxina, (Possibly Salix pentandra × Salix ×fragilis) Salix ×mollissima (Sharp-stipule Willow) = Salix triandra (Almond Willow) × Salix viminalis (Basket Willow, Osier) Salix ×obtusata (Obtuse Willow) = Salix myricoides (Bayberry Willow) × Salix pyrifolia (Balsam Willow) Salix ×pedunculata (Blackbract Willow) = Salix discolor (Pussy Willow, American Willow × Salix pellita (Satiny Willow) Salix ×pendulina (Wisconsin Weeping Willow, Weeping Crack Willow, Niobe Willow) = Salix fragilis (Crack Willow) × Salix babylonica (Babylon Willow, Peking Willow, Weeping Willow) Salix ×pendulina nothovar. elegantissima (Thurlow Weeping Willow) Salix ×pilosiuscula Salix ×pontederana = Salix cinerea × Salix purpurea Salix ×rubens (Synonym of Salix ×fragilis) Salix ×rubra (Green-leaf Willow, Flätvide) = Salix purpurea × Salix viminalis Salix ×schneiderii = Salix lucida (Shining Willow) × Salix nigra (Black Willow) Salix ×sepulcralis (Golden Weeping Willow, Kemp Willow, Weeping Willow) = Salix alba (White Willow) × Salix babylonica (Peking Willow) Salix ×sepulcralis nothovar. chrysocoma (Golden hybrid weeping Willow) = Salix alba ssp. vitellina × Salix babylonica Salix ×sepulcralis nothovar. sepulcralis (Weeping Willow) = Salix alba ssp. alba × Salix babylonica Salix ×seringeana (Seringe Willow) = Salix caprea (Goat Willow) × Salix elaeagnos (Elaeagnus Willow) Salix ×simulatrix (Dvärgrisvide) = Salix arbuscula (Mountain Willow) × Salix herbacea (Snowbed Willow) Salix ×smithiana (Broadleaf osier, Silky-leaf Osier, Häckvide) = Salix cinerea (Grey Willow) × Salix viminalis (Basket Willow, Osier) Salix ×stipularis (Eared Osier, Dammvide) = Salix atrocinerea × Salix viminalis Salix ×subalpina = Salix glauca var. appendiculata × Salix caprea Salix ×subsericea = Salix cinerea × Salix repens (Creeping Willow) Salix ×tsugaluensis = Salix integra × Salix vulpina Salix ×undulata = Salix alba × Salix triandra. Synonym; Salix ×mollissima var. undulata Salix ×ungavensis Salix ×wiegandii (Wiegand's Willow) = Salix calcicola (Limestone Willow, Woolly Willow) × Salix candida (Sage Willow, Sageleaf Willow) Salix ×wimmeriana Salix alba 'Caerulea' (Cricket-bat Willow), Synonym; Salix alba var. caerulea Salix alba 'Vitellina' (Golden Willow); Synonym; Salix alba var. vitellina Salix alba 'Vitellina-Tristis' (Golden weeping Willow), Synonym; 'Tristis' Salix alba 'Sericea' (Silver Willow)


Which port is situated at the mouth of the Yangtze River?

Where is Shanghai Located, Shanghai's Location in China and the World Home   >>   Shanghai Facts   >>  Where is Shanghai Where is Shanghai Shanghai is situated at 31°41' north latitude and 121°29' east longitude. The city, whose name literally means "on the sea", is located on the east China coast just to the south of the mouth of the Yangtze river. Bordering on Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces on the west, Shanghai is washed by the East China Sea on the east and Hangzhou Bay on the south. it also occupies a central location along China's coastline. Thanks to its advantageous geographic location, Shanghai is an excellent sea and river port, boasting easy access to the vast hinterland.  Natural Resource Shanghai storage and production of coal, oil and water; energy required depends on the support of the other provinces and cities. However, Shanghai has a certain quantity and high quality of "secondary energy" production; the main products are electricity, oil, oil products, coal and gas (including liquefied petroleum gas). Others can take advantage of development of energy and biogas, wind energy, tidal and solar power. Shanghai neighboring with the East China Sea, is rich in fishery resources, according to statistics, there are various fish of 108, economic fish over more than 20 of them in Shanghai. In addition, Shanghai is located in the mouth of Yangtze River, the River is wide and intersection of sea and fresh water, as well as natural lakes rivers, abundant of snails and oyster are span on the river bottom, it provides a good conditions for freshwater aquaculture. Shanghai Developments The bridges connected Pudong and Puxi marks the development of construction process and also creative a foundation for common prosperity for both sides of the Huangpu River . In 1971, Songpu Bridge was completed, it rewriting the history of no bridge on Huangpu River before, on December 1st, 1991, the second bridge - Nanpu Bridge was open to the public, in October 1993, the Yangpu bridge was completed, until now, there are 6 bridges was build crossing over Huangpu River. While in September 1970, Dapulu Tunnel is completed, the development of river channels makes significant changes of the financial trade zone-Lujiazui which is located n the city center. In November 1994, the Oriental Pearl TV Tower was completed, on March 18, 1999, Jin Mao Tower officially open for business. In 2008, China's tallest building-Shanghai World Financial center was opened for public. The same year, the Central Building is under planning, it is expected to become the new tallest building in China. In 2010, the World Expo was opened in Shanghai. In addition, there are different kinds of exhibition held in Shanghai every year. Exhibition industry is become one of an important industry in Shanghai. In the Map of China which publish in 1949, Shanghai area occupies for 636 square kilometers. In 1958, 10 cities in Jiangsu Province: Jiading, Baoshan, Songjiang, Jinshan, Nanhui, Fengxian, Qingpu, Chuansha, and Chongming are classify as Shanghai, Shanghai municipal districts range up to 5,910 square kilometers. To the end of 2003, Shanghai area is up to 6340.5 square kilometers. The three island of Chongming, Changxing and Hengsha is all jurisdictions by Shanghai, Chongming Island , which covers more than 1000 square kilometers, is now regarding as the third largest island in China. Shipping Shanghai Port has develop to 16 international container liner routes; the container shipping number has reached to 1,967 per month, of which 942 are international ships. International Ocean Routes: the ships from Shanghai port will be arrival in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Asia Countries, Australia, Israel and the Eastern Mediterranean, North West Europe, South Africa, South America, and West Coast of United States. Coastal Route: Can be reach to the major ports along the coast in the city from North; Yangtze River Route: can reach the river ports of middle and down stream of Yangtze River. River Trade Routes: Can be reach to the river ports of eastern part of costal cities b


Who, in 1976, were the first Dutch group to have a UK No. 1?

The UK Number Ones : 1975-1979 Week Ending ACT + Links TITLE Weeks TALLY COMMENT 18 Jan 1975 Status Quo Down Down 1 Only No 1 This famous band of head bangers had 22 Top 10s out of 52 hits   between 1968 and 1996, but only this No 1. 25 Jan 1975 Tymes Ms Grace 1 Only No 1 US group that first charted in 1963.  They had only two other   hits before this No 1. 1 Feb 1975 Pilot January 3 Only No 1 British group whose two follow-ups failed even make the Top 30. 22 Feb 1975 Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel Make Me Smile (Come Up And See Me) 2 Only No 1 They had two Top 10s before this. Harley went solo in 1976 but   never made the big time. 8 Mar 1975 Telly Savalas If 2 Only No 1 Actor who starred in the tv cop show "Kojak".  He   spoke his way through this song by David Gates from    Bread.   22 Mar 1975 Bay City Rollers Bye Bye Baby 6 1st No 1 Scottish band that dressed in tartan and built up a fanatical teen   following.  Best-selling single of 1975. 3 May 1975 Mud Oh Boy 2 3rd & last No 1 Buddy Holly hit from 1958.  They had a further 4 Top 10 hits   by the end of 1976. 17 May 1975 Tammy Wynette Stand By Your Man 3 Only No 1 Legendary US country music singer for whom this song became a trade   mark. 7 Jun 1975 Windsor Davies & Don Estelle Whispering Grass 3 Only No 1 Spin-off from the BBC sitcom " It Ain't Half Hot Mum ".   This pair were the stars. 28 Jun 1975 10 CC I'm Not In Love 2 2nd No 1 Classic love song and radio play list favourite.  They were   major stars of the 1970s. 12 Jul 1975 Johnny Nash Tears On My Pillow 1 Only No 1 Texan who specialised in soft reggae arrangements, and had much   success in the UK. 19 Jul 1975 Bay City Rollers Give A Little Love 3 2nd & last No 1 "Rollermania" had been coined by this time, but by   mid-77, it was all over. 9 Aug 1975 Typically Tropical Barbados 1 Only No 1 Two recording engineers created this reggae dance hit, but became   One-hit Wonders.  The song, with new words and title made No 1 again in 1999. 16 Aug 1975 Stylistics Can't Give You Anything (But My Love) 3 Only No 1 Philadelphian satin soul group who charmed the UK with a succession   of smooth ballads. 6 Sep 1975 Rod Stewart Sailing 4 3rd No 1 One of his classic anthems, which returned to No 3 the following   year, after use in a tv documentary series. 4 Oct 1975 David Essex Hold Me Close 3 2nd & last No 1 He was at the height of his popularity at this time.  In the   1980s he concentrated on stage musicals. 25 Oct 1975 Art Garfunkel I Only Have Eyes For You 2 1st No 1 Having separated from Paul Simon, he recorded mostly MOR standards. 8 Nov 1975 David Bowie Space Oddity 2 1st No 1 He made No 5 with this in 1969.  Rick Wakeman provides synthesiser backing. 22 Nov 1975 Billy   Connolly D.I.V.O.R.C.E. 1 Only No 1 Scottish comedian who made this parody of a Tammy Wynette hit. 29 Nov 1975 Xmas No 1 Queen Bohemian Rhapsody 9 1st No 1 All-time classic which was accompanied by a video, and was the   first No 1 to benefit from tv exposure.  In 1991, the record was back at No 1. 31 Jan 1976 Abba Mamma Mia 2 2nd No 1 Two years after their first No 1 they were back, and their careers   took off. 14 Feb 1976 Slik Forever And Ever 1 Only No 1 Scots band led by Midge Ure .  He went on to groups Visage and Ultravox , but his next No 1 was solo in   1985. 21 Feb 1976 Four Seasons December '63 2 Only No 1 Major 60s act, with falsetto vocalist, Frankie Valli,  who   made a strong return in the 70s with the band and solo. 6 Mar 1976 Tina Charles I Love To Love 3 Only No 1 She once recorded budget cover versions and was in band 5000 Volts.   Solo, she had two other Top 10 hits. 27 Mar 1976 Brotherhood Of Man Save Your Kisses For Me 6 1st No 1 UK Eurovision winner, which shot them to stardom for a couple of   years.  Best-selling single of 1976. 8 May 1976 Abba Fernando 4 3rd No 1 The momentum was now picking up - Abbamania began. 5 Jun 1976 J J Barrie No Charge 1 Only No 1 Slushy, sentimentality from the Canadian.  Female vocals are   by Vicky Brown, late wife of 60s' rocker Joe Brown . 12 Jun


What sport was developed in the mid 19th century at Harrow School?

BBC SPORT | Commonwealth Games 2002 | Squash | From prison rackets to squash racquets Wednesday, 26 June, 2002, 10:48 GMT 11:48 UK From prison rackets to squash racquets Harrow School developed squash in the 19th century They say that crime does not pay, but for squash, it certainly did. Because without the help of the criminal element at the start of the 19th century, the popular sport may never have seen the light of day Event guide: Squash It was in the confines of Fleet Prison in London that squash originally hails. Inmates used to pass the time by hitting a ball against the walls of the exercise area with racquets, thus inventing a game known as 'Rackets'. Inexplicably, the game was soon taken up by Harrow and other select English schools. Squash timeline 19th century: A game called 'Rackets' is developed in a London prison 1830: Squash invented at Harrow School 1864: The first four squash courts are built at Harrow 1907: National squash associations start to be set up 1912: First professional championship held in England 1966: International Squash Rackets Association (ISRF) founded 1985:ISRF amalgamated with the Women's International Squash Federation 1992:ISR becomes the World Squash Federation (WSF) 1998: Squash featured in the Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur In about 1830, pupils at Harrow noticed that a punctued ball, which "squashed" on impact with the wall, offered more variety to the game and squash as we know it was born. The new game proved popular and, 34 years later, the school built its first four squash courts and squash had been officially founded as a sport in its own right. By the start of the 20th century, it had spread to Canada and the USA, and was also becoming popular elswhere. Squash was soon being played in South Africa, India, Pakistan, Egypt, New Zealand and Australia, mainly due to the presence of British Forces personnel. Official squash associations started up in the early 20th century and were soon followed by major championships. The British Open became one of the main tournaments, seen by many as an unofficial world championship. But it was not until the 1960s that squash changed its image of a sport played by select schools and private clubs. The emergence of the game's first worldwide superstars helped spark a dramatic increase public interest across the globe. Jonah Barrington for Ireland, Australia's Geoff Hunt and Jahangir Khan of Pakistan were just some of the players to take the men's game to new levels. Australia's Heather McKay and Susan Devoy of New Zealand produced similar feats in the women's game. By the mid-1990s, squash was being played by 15m people worldwide and further evidence of the sport's status came with its inclusion in the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur. With squash's governing body working hard to get on the Olympic Games programme, it is clear that the sport has come far from the confines of a London jail over a century ago. Review the action


What name is given to the networking device that controls the flow of data packets between computers, peripherals and other networks?

Computer Networking Devices Explained with Function Computer Networking Devices Explained with Function Computer Networking Devices Explained with Function This tutorial explains common computer networking devices such as HUB, Switch, Router, Bridge, Brouter, NIC, Proxy and Gateway including their functions, types and definitions in easy language with examples. A computer network is basically a group of multiple networking devices connected together for data sharing. Collectively networking devices have single purpose “securely transfer data as fast as they can”. To achieve this goal every networking device has its own functionality. Let’s have a look on some common networking devices. Network Interface Card (NIC) In the list of networking devices, NIC stands on first place. Without this device, networking cannot be done. This is also known as network adapter card, Ethernet Card and LAN card. NIC allows our PC to communicate with other PCs. Basically it converts data transmission technology. A PC uses parallel data transmission technology to transmit data between its internal parts while the media that connects this PC with other PCs uses serial data transmission technology. A NIC converts parallel data stream into serial data stream and vice versa serial data stream is get converted in parallel data stream. Usually all modern PCs have integrated NICs in motherboard. NICs are also available separately. For desktop or server system they are available in adapter format which can be plugged into the available slots of motherboard. For laptop or other small size devices they available in PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) card format which can be inserted in PCMCIA slots. Types of NICs There are two types of NICs Media Specific :- Different types of NICs are required to connect with different types of media. For example we cannot connect wired media with wireless NIC card. Just like this, we cannot connect coaxial cable with Ethernet LAN card. We have to use the LAN card that is particularly built for the media type which we have. Network Design Specific :- A specific network design needs a specific LAN card. For example FDDI, Token Ring and Ethernet have their own distinctive type of NICs card. They cannot use other’s NIC card. HUB HUB is used to connect multiple computers in a single workgroup LAN network. Typically HUBs are available with 4,8,12,24,48 ports. Based on port type, there are two types of HUB:- Ethernet HUB :- In this type of HUB all ports have RJ-45 connectors. Combo HUB :- In this type of HUB ports have several different types of connectors such RJ-45, BNC, and AUI. HUBs generally have LED (light-emitting diode) indicator lights on each port to indicate the status of link, collisions, and other information. To understand the functionality of hub let’s take an example from real life. There are four friends who share everything. One of them finds a photo of Amitabh Bachchan. To share this with friends, he will make three photo copies from Xerox machine and give one copy to each friend. He doesn’t need a copy of photo for himself as he has the original one. Now change the characters in this example. Replace friends with HUB’s port, photo with data signal and Xerox machine with HUB. There is a HUB which has four ports. Ports share everything. One port received data signal from its connected device. It will make three copies of data signal from HUB and give one copy to each port. Receiver port doesn’t need a copy of data signal for itself as it has it the original version. This is what exactly a HUB do. When a hub receives signal on its port, it repeats the signal and forwards that signal from all ports except the port on which the signal arrived. There are two types of HUB Passive HUB:- It forwards the data signal from all ports except the port on which signal arrived. It doesn’t interfere in data signal. Active HUB:- It also forwards the data signal from all ports except the port on which signal arrived. But before forwarding, it improves quality of data signal by amplifying i


Which author created the FBI forensic psychologist Alex Cross?

Amazon.com: Cross (9780316159791): James Patterson: Books James Patterson Page 1 of 1 Start over Sponsored Products are advertisements for products sold by merchants on Amazon.com. When you click on a Sponsored Product ad, you will be taken to an Amazon detail page where you can learn more about the product and purchase it. To learn more about Amazon Sponsored Products, click here . Next Girl On The List - A serial killer thriller (McRyan Mystery Series Book) Roger Stelljes A serial killer is silently stalking his victim... your name is next on the list - A bestselling intriguing web of lies, twisted secrets and suspense. Deadly Stillwater: A compelling crime thriller (Mac McRyan Mystery Series Book) Roger Stelljes Two girls snatched off the streets in broad daylight - a gripping and thrilling mystery that stops you in your tracks! NY Times Bestselling Series. Betrayal Tim Tigner Love Jack Reacher? Missing Mitch Rapp? Does Baldacci make you smile? Check out Tigner â he doesn't disappoint. "Best book I've read in years." The Rum Runner (Maxwell Craig Series Book 1) Dannal Newman Murder. Revenge. Rum. Feel the warm Caribbean breeze as this suspenseful tale of murder and revenge takes you for an intoxicating tropical ride. Chicago Blood: Detective Shannon Rourke Book 1 Stewart Matthews "...read it in one session." "...could not put it down." "Couldn't put the book down till the end." Read the enthralling debut from Stewart Matthews Manic Monday: Jake Monday Chronicles #1 Robert Michael In the tradition of Jason Bourne: a man on a mission not his own. The stakes are legendary, the danger acute. The world will never be the same. Ad feedback Special Offers and Product Promotions Editorial Reviews From Publishers Weekly Forensic psychologist Alex Cross's storied career in private practice, with the FBI and as a Washington, D.C., cop has brought him into contact with all kinds of seriously disturbed killers, but his 12th outing from bestseller Patterson (after 2005's Mary, Mary) may be the ultimate in lunatic deadliness. Beginning with a flashback to the murder of Cross's wife, Maria, Patterson quickly introduces Michael Sullivan (aka the Butcher of Sligo). What follows is a frenetically paced series of brutal rapes and killings by Sullivan, once employed by the mob as a freelancer and now at war with them. Cross juggles being a single parent and being involved in the dangerous game of tracking serial killers until he finally decides to give it up for his family. Needless to say, he's drawn back into the game when it promises a chance of finding Maria's killer. Cross's competence and vulnerability make a stark contrast with Sullivan's sadistic mutilations and psychological manipulations of his victims. Fans know that Cross will survive, but at what cost? (Nov.) Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. From Booklist Patterson's departure from the nursery-rhyme titles in his latest Alex Cross yarn is a tip-off that the focus this time is not so much on the case as on the man. For the first time in Patterson's 13-year-old series, we relive the day in 1993 when Cross' wife, Maria, was murdered. Alex was a young gun with the D.C. police then, and Maria was a social worker in the poorest and most dangerous section of the city before she became the victim of a drive-by shooting. Cut to the present, and Alex--who has been with the FBI for some time, become a successful crime writer, and started to lose a bit of that "dragon slayer" touch--decides to devote more time to his three kids, much to the delight of Nana Mama, Alex's nonagenarian three-in-one grandmother, nanny, and guiding light. Alex is nothing if not loyal, so when his former partner John Sampson asks him to help track down a sicko who is serially raping Georgetown coeds, Alex cannot say no. Little does he know, however, that the search for the rapist will have ties to Maria's death. That her killer was never found is a constant source of frustration for Alex, and this case offers a chance to finally put Maria's memory to


Created, by William G. Morgan, in 1895 what sport was originally called Mintonette?

The History Of Volleyball. Where Volleyball Started. CONTACT COLLEGE COACHES This was How Volleyball was Introduced – Facts and Information About the Game The game of volleyball, originally called “mintonette,” was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan after the invention of basketball only four years before. Morgan, a graduate of the Springfield College of the YMCA, designed the game to be a combination of basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball. The first volleyball net, borrowed from tennis, was only 6’6″ high (though you need to remember that the average American was shorter in the nineteenth century). The offensive style of setting and spiking was first demonstrated in the Philippines in 1916. Over the years that followed, it became clear that standard rules were needed for tournament play, and thus the USVBA (United States Volleyball Association) was formed in 1928. Latest Volleyball News from the NCAA and NAIA. Two years later, the first two-man beach volleyball game was played, though the professional side of the sport did not emerge until much later. Not surprisingly, the first beach volleyball association appeared in California (1965), and the professional players united under the auspices of the AVP (American Volleyball Professionals) in 1983. During the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, American men and women took gold and silver medals in indoor volleyball competitions. Four years later at the Olympics in Korea, the men once again scored gold. Starting in 1996, two-man beach volleyball was officially introduced to the Olympics. Today, there are more than 800 million volleyball players worldwide, 46 million of them in the U.S. Timeline of Significant Volleyball Events In 1900, a special ball was designed for the sport. In 1916, in the Philippines, an offensive style of passing the ball in a high trajectory to be struck by another player (the set and spike) were introduced. In 1917, the game was changed from 21 to 15 points. In 1920, three hits per side and back row attack rules were instituted. In 1922, the first YMCA national championships were held in Brooklyn, NY. Twenty-seven teams from 11 states were represented. In 1928, it became clear that tournaments and rules were needed, so the United States Volleyball Association (USVBA, now USA Volleyball) was formed. The first U.S. Open was staged, as the field was open to non-YMCA squads. In 1930, the first two-man beach game was played. In 1934, national volleyball referees were approved and recognized. In 1937, at the AAU convention in Boston, action was taken to recognize the U.S. Volleyball Association as the official national governing body in the U.S. In 1947, the Federation Internationale De Volley-Ball (FIVB) was founded. In 1948, the first two-man beach tournament was held. In 1949, the initial World Championships were held in Prague, Czechoslovakia. In 1964, volleyball was introduced to the Olympic Games in Tokyo. In 1965, the California Beach Volleyball Association (CBVA) was formed. In 1974, the World Championships in Mexico were telecast in Japan. In 1975, the U.S. National Women’s team began a year-round training regime in Pasadena, Texas (moved to Colorado Springs in 1979, Coto de Caza and Fountain Valley, CA, in 1980, and San Diego, CA, in 1985). In 1977, the U.S. National Men’s Team began a year-round training regime in Dayton, Ohio (moved to San Diego, CA, in 1981). In 1983, the Association of Volleyball Professionals (AVP) was formed. In 1984, the U.S. won their first medals at the Olympics in Los Angeles. The men won the gold, and the women the silver. In 1986, the Women’s Professional Volleyball Association (WPVA) was formed. In 1988, the U.S. men repeated the gold in the Olympics in Korea. In 1990, the World League was created. In 1995, the sport of volleyball was 100 years old! In 1996, two-person beach volleyball became an Olympic sport.


Who, in 1977, were the first Spanish group to have a UK No. 1?

UK Number One Songs of the 70s UK Number One Songs of the 70s Updated on November 15, 2015 Source The 1970s Number One Songs on Video 1970s popular music in the UK proved that variety is the spice of life, and the Number One hit songs of the decade reflect this phenomenon. From 1970 onwards, the music scene in Britain changed dramatically and a myriad of musical styles reinforced the varying tastes of the average record buyer. Some of the most popular styles that took the British charts by storm were Glam Rock at the beginning of the decade, progressing to Disco and Punk Rock towards the end. In between saw novelty records, the progression of the rock single and the continuing evolution of teen pop, represented by the likes of David Cassidy, Donny Osmond and the Bay City Rollers. Most of these styles and artists were very popular for a time, and their records sold by the shed load. To see the musical changes across the decade is a fascinating exercise, and so this page brings together all the Number One hits from the UK in a video package, together with some short comments regarding each one. The source for this compilation is the Record Retailer/Music Week chart, which was broadcast by the BBC each Sunday evening. Source Matthews' Southern Comfort UK Number One Hits of 1970 31st Jan (5 weeks) Edison Lighthouse - Love Grows (Where My Rosemary Goes): Only ever UK Number One for this studio act. Lead singer Tony Burrows also sang on hits for many other groups. 7th Mar (3 weeks) Lee Marvin - Wandrin' Star: Only UK Number One for this actor with a song from the film Paint Your Wagon. 28th Mar (3 weeks) Simon & Garfunkel - Bridge Over Troubled Water: Surprisingly, the duo's only ever UK Number One. Only Art Garfunkel sings on this classic, but Paul Simon went on to greater solo success, even though he never had a UK Number One again, while Garfunkel did. 18th Apr (2 weeks) Dana - All Kinds Of Everything: First Eurovision Song Contest winner for Ireland. Her chart career was short-lived and this was her only UK Number One. 2nd May (2 weeks) Norman Greenbaum - Spirit In The Sky: Only ever UK Number One for Greenbaum with a self-penned song. Doctor & The Medics took the track to Number One again in 1986. 16th May (3 weeks) England World Cup Squad - Back Home: Mexico World Cup Football sing-along by the 1970 England team. 6th Jun (1 week) Christie - Yellow River: Only ever UK Number One for Jeff Christie with a song he wrote for the Tremeloes. They turned it down, so he recorded it himself. 13th Jun (7 weeks) Mungo Jerry - In The Summertime: First UK Number One for this group led by Ray Dorset. 1st Aug (6 weeks) Elvis Presley - The Wonder Of You: Elvis revived his career in Las Vegas and this was a live recording from his show. At this point, he was only one behind the Beatles as this was his 16th UK Number One. 12th Sep (1 week) Smokey Robinson & The Miracles - Tears Of A Clown: First UK Number One for Motown singer Smokey Robinson who would have to wait another 11 years before hitting the top spot again. 19th Sep (6 weeks) Freda Payne - Band Of Gold: Only ever UK Number One for this American actress. 31st Oct (3 weeks) Matthews' Southern Comfort - Woodstock: Written by Canadian folk legend Joni Mitchell, MSC's only UK Number One was about the famous rock festival of 1969. 21st Nov (1 week) Jimi Hendrix - Voodoo Chile: Posthumous Number One for the American guitar legend who died in London a couple of months earlier. 28th Nov (6 weeks) Dave Edmunds - I Hear You Knockin': Only ever UK Number One for Dave Edmunds who had further hit single success later in the Seventies. Source Slade UK Number One Hits of 1971 January 5 ( 3 weeks) Clive Dunn - Grandad: Only UK Number One for this Dad's Army star who gained sales on the back of seasonal sentimentality. January 26 (5 weeks) George Harrison - My Sweet Lord: First UK Number One for the ex-Beatle. Following the song's release, musical similarities between it and The Chiffons' hit He's So Fine led to a lengthy legal battle over the rights to the composition. March 2 (2 weeks) Mungo Jerr


Which British member of the grouse family turns white as a winter camouflage?

British Red Grouse - Slow Food in the UK Slow Food in the UK The Slow Food Movement About Us Slow Food is a global, grassroots movement with thousands of members around the world that links the pleasure of food with a commitment to community and the environment. It was founded in 1989 in Italy. Volunteer Groups Our network of dedicated volunteer members around the country organise events and activities to promote and share the Slow Food ethos including taste workshops, farm visits, social meals, film screenings, markets and festivals, educational projects and much more. Events Archive Events: There are a lot of regional, national and international Slow Food events going on which are open to everyone. Take a look at what's coming up: Slow Food Kids Our Projects We work to raise awareness about the sustainability and social justice issues surrounding the food we eat. We do that by working hand in hand with our members who are in local geographic groups. 10,000 Gardens in Africa Our Campaigns Slow Food in the UK campaigns on a number of current issues affecting our food system. We encourage our network to join us in our activities, and support other groups who share our causes. News & Blog News, Blog and Press Find out the latest news from Slow Food in the UK, keep up with the blog and find resources for press Chef Alliance Members Supporters The Slow Food in the UK family comprises of our members and our groups as well as of our partners, our supporters and other related organisations. Member Benefits Join Us Join Slow Food today and become part of a growing movement that is changing the way we eat. British Red Grouse (Lagopus lagopus Scoticus) What are my special features? The Red Grouse is a medium sized (single portion) game bird. From both a taste and a shooting perspective it is widely considered to be the finest game bird in the world. The plumage is reddish-brown (less red in the females) with a black tail and white legs. Distinctive physical features include a plump shape and white eyelids with a bright pinkish-red comb above. It is the only game bird to have feathers on its legs and feet, which help protect it in the cold and snow. Another unique feature is that unlike other sub-species of grouse – the plumage of the British Red grouse does not turn white in winter. The flesh is dark in colour and due to the diet being around 95% heather, the grouse has an exceptionally rich flavour and is an acquired taste. What is my history? Although it is a sub-species of the Willow Grouse, a bird found throughout much of the Arctic tundra, the Red Grouse is native to the British Isles. It has survived only on keepered heather moorlands. Some Red Grouse are found in Ireland (although some consider Irish Grouse a separate species) and also in Wales. The main distribution is in the North of England and Scotland. Red Grouse thrive only where they are shot and without shooting, the heather moorland would revert to the scrubland of the 18th Century. Why am I forgotten? The heather moorlands on which the Red Grouse lives are expensive to maintain and large areas have been lost to cheaper land use, making heather moorland now rarer than rainforest. A small market and demand for Red Grouse also exists. Don’t lose me…cook me! Product Category:


Charley's Aunt - Daily Info Daily Info Steve Woodward August 18, 2006 The storyline of Thomas’s enduring farce, like most farces, is easy to follow. Two Oxford student friends are smitten by two young ladies, but can’t spend time alone with the girls unless there is a female chaperone present (this is 1892!). But not to worry, because Charley’s longlost aunt is coming from Brazil to visit. So, assignations are planned and must be kept – it’s so exciting – but the aunt doesn’t turn up! Again, don’t worry, because another student friend is rehearsing an amdram show, and has a female outfit handy… Lord Fancourt Babberley reluctantly agrees to ‘be’ Charley’s Aunt, with the imaginable consequences, especially when the real aunt arrives. Nick Caldecott’s ‘aunt’ has sublime energy and timing. Patrick Ryecart as Colonel Chesney (father of one of the two boys) and Christopher Good as Stephen Spettigue (father of one of the two girls) add strong, highly professional support; Russell Dixon (the ‘scout’) is suitably disreputable, and Christina Greatrex, as the real aunt, has all the necessary style, poise and charm to make us believe that she is very rich and from Brazil (‘where the nuts come from!’). Timothy Sheader’s slick production has terrific atmosphere, and an ever-present feel of music hall, from private jokes to the audience, to an old-fashioned proscenium arch frame for for the set, and each act starts with a character walking across the front of the stage with a predictive motto on a placard. There seem to be dozens of entrance points, a good few chases across, around and behind the stage, lots of double takes and pratfalls aplenty. Jonathan Fensom’s design complements the style perfectly, and Tim Mitchell’s lighting brings out the best in the set, the lovely costumes and the action. The production is at its best during the manic, fast-moving set pieces, and I did laugh aloud regularly, which is rare. I wanted the slower, more reflective sections of the play to have more wistfulness and depth; I wanted the two young men to be really infatuated, rather than having a bit of a caper, which is what they seemed to be doing. You may say, “Yes, but this is farce!”, but I believe that, for farce to really touch us, it needs to show us how silly we all can be, especially when we think think we are at our most intensely serious. Overall, it’s a great night out, and a high-class production, performed by a strong cast. I never even thought about looking at my watch! Lita Doolan August 29, 2006 Inspired by student eccentricities and Varsity life, Brandon Thomas' three-act farce is set around the fictitious 'St Olde's' college. The atmosphere of quadrangles and cloisters is re-created delightfully on the Oxford Playhouse stage, which adopts the proscenium arch of the 'Royalty Theatre' for the run, where the play first opened in 1892. Much of the intoxicating comedy is driven by Lord Fancourt 'Babs' Babberly (Nick Caldecott), who 'plays the giddy goat' by dressing up as Charley's Aunt whose arrival from Brazil has been delayed. This is of great convenience to 'Babs' friends Jack and Charley who can now offer a chaperone to and continue with the wooing of their sweethearts, Kitty and Amy. The two young actresses (Emma Callander and Dulcie Lewis) do well to bring a vivacious depth of character to the minor roles of the girlfriends. Director Timothy Sheader succeeds in bringing out all of the strong characters this piece requires from this large cast of ten. The farce hits its stride like a tidal wave when Donna Lucia D'Alvadorez, the real Charley's Aunt, arrives, with a sharp, dignified performance given by Christina Greatrex. Whilst behaviour scandalous to Victorian England, such as unchaperoned young girls appearing in mixed company, is now innocuous, this revival offers a thoroughly enjoyable evening for all. One of the great strengths of this production is that it entertains both children and adults alike, with physical comedy routines (the hysterical tea party scene is a huge hit) mixed with deliciously risque quips from 'Babs'. Oxfo