In Greek myth what was the name of Orpheus's wife trapped in Hades?

HADES (Haides) - Greek God of the Dead, King of the Underworld (Roman Pluto) Pluto, Dis Hades and Persephone, Apulian red-figure vase C4th B.C. HAIDES (Hades) was the king of the underworld and god of the dead. He presided over funeral rites and defended the right of the dead to due burial. Haides was also the god of the hidden wealth of the earth, from the fertile soil with nourished the seed-grain, to the mined wealth of gold, silver and other metals. Haides was devoured by Kronos (Cronus) as soon as he was born, along with four of his siblings. Zeus later caused the Titan to disgorge them, and together they drove the Titan gods from heaven and locked them away in the pit of Tartaros. When the three victorious brothers then drew lots for the division of the cosmos, Haides received the third portion, the dark dismal realm of the underworld, as his domain. Haides desired a bride and petitioned his brother Zeus to grant him one of his daughters. The god offered him Persephone , the daughter of Demeter. However, knowing that the goddess would resist the marriage, he assented to the forceful abduction of the girl. When Demeter learned of this, she was furious and caused a great dearth to fall upon the earth until her daughter was returned. Zeus was forced to concede lest mankind perish, and the girl was fetched forth from the underworld. However, since she had tasted of the pomegranate seed, she was forced to return to him for a portion of each year. Haides was depicted as a dark-bearded, regal god. He was depicted as either Aidoneus, enthroned in the underworld, holding a bird-tipped sceptre, or as Plouton (Pluton), the giver of wealth, pouring fertility from a cornucopia. The Romans named him Dis, or Pluto, the Latin form of his Greek title Plouton, "the Lord of Riches." FAMILY OF HADES PARENTS [1.1] KRONOS & RHEA (Hesiod Theogony 453, Homer Iliad 15.187, Apollodorus 1.4, Diodorus Siculus 5.68.1, Hyginus Pref) OFFSPRING [1.1] THE ERINYES (by Persephone ) (Orphic Hymns 29.6 70.3) [1.2] THE ERINYES (Statius Thebaid 12.557 & 11.47) [2.1] ZAGREUS (Aeschylus Frag 124) [3.1] MELINOE (by Persephone ) (Orphic Hymn 71) [4.1] MAKARIA (Suidas s.v. Makaria) ENCYCLOPEDIA HADES or PLUTON (Haidês, Ploutôn or poetically Aïdês, Aidôneus and Ploutens), the god of the lower world. Plato (Cratyl. p. 403) observes that people preferred calling him Pluton (the giver of wealth) to pronouncing the dreaded name of Hades or Aides. Hence we find that in ordinary life and in the mysteries the name Pluton became generally established, while the poets preferred the ancient name Aides or the form Pluteus. The etymology of Hades is uncertain: some derive it from a-idein, whence it would signify "the god who makes invisible," and others from hadô or chadô; so that Hades would mean "the allembracer," or "all-receiver." The Roman poets use the names Dis, Orcus, and Tartarus as synonymous with Pluton, for the god of the lower world. Hades is a son of Cronus and Rhea, and a brother of Zeus and Poseidon. He was married to Persephone, the daughter of Demeter. In the division of the world among the three brothers, Hades obtained "the darkness of night," the abode of the shades, over which he rules. (Apollod. i. 1. § 5, 2. § 1.) Hence he is called the infernal Zeus (Zeus katachthonios), or the king of the shades (anae enerôn, Hom. Il. ix. 457, xx. 61. xv. 187, &c.). As, however, the earth and Olympus belonged to the three brothers in common, he might ascend Olympus, as he did at the time when he was wounded by Heracles. (Il. v. 395; comp. Paus. vi. 25. § 3; Apollod. ii. 7. § 3; Pind. Ol. ix. 31.) But when Hades was in his own kingdom, he was quite unaware of what was going on either on earth or in Olympus (Il. xx. 61, &c.), and it was only the oaths and curses of men that reached his ears, as they reached those of the Erinnyes. He possessed a helmet which rendered the wearer invisible (Il. v. 845), and later traditions stated that this helmet was given him as a present by the Cyclopes after their delivery from Tartarus. (Apollod. i. 2. § 1.) Ancient story mentio


By what name was a member of the serf underclass known in Ancient Sparta?

Spartan Helots | The Helots | Spartan Serfs Legends and Chronicles > Ancient Civilizations > Ancient Sparta > Spartan Helots Spartan Helots The Spartan helots were the serfs of ancient Sparta, they were owned by the state and used by the Spartans for various purposes and tasks. The helots are believed to have been laconians that was brought to service by the Spartans when their needs for farmers to grow food, and support the growing Spartan community arose. During wartime the helots would be called upon to help in battle, if not fighting then they would at least act as a servant to each hoplite, assisting them when required. It also thought that the helots of Sparta had what was a unique opportunity of the time for a slave. Helots who showed themselves to be exceptional in battle or trustworthy in their duties could sometimes earn what would be considered a promotion. The origin of the name helot The true origin of the name Helot is truly unknown but a common theory is that is relates to the village of Helos, located in the south of Sparta where it is thought that the first Laconian slaves would be formed under the state of Sparta. The beginnings of the helots It was after the First Messenian War that started in 743 BC and lasted for around 20 years, that the Spartans would claim the Messenian people as their helots. Any Messenian that didn’t escape, move or travel to a new land would be declared a helot, a worker for the Spartan state. The future family and children of the Messenian people that become helots would find their offspring born into this new role as a servant to the might state of Sparta. Thus the population of helots in Sparta soon grew to a considerable size, much larger than the full citizens, the Spartans. Spartan helots with their masters the Spartiates Proper The Treatment of the helots by Sparta While slaves in other ancient Greek states was far less favourable for the slaves, the helots were considered to be treated with more favour in Sparta. It is known for example, that while the helots would farm and grow produce to provide to the Spartan citizens, they would also be allowed to keep sufficient crops for themselves. The amount divided in some cases is told to be an entire half of their crop. Helots in ancient Sparta also had the benefit of being able to live as a family, a helot could have a wife or a husband, and even children. In fact the reproduction of slaves in Sparta was not as tightly controlled as in other Greek states, and it’s considered that the Helot population grew over the time they worked for the state. In addition to keeping their family life, the helots would in most cases keep their own homes, they could buy and acquire land and even kept their own choice of language, customs and many other freedoms. As mentioned earlier, there was even a system of promotion for Helots in Sparta, an opportunity for a helot to escape his form of slavery. Successful helots might be moved up to a rank known as Neodamodeis which is essentially Greek for ‘made one of the community’. While the exact benefits of being a Neodamodeis are largely unknown, but its widely though that the helot who would once have served as a hoplites assistant in war would receive somewhat of a promotion. Some Neodamodeis would be assigned more trusted tasks, its though they would even perform guard duty on what Thucydides called their path to freedom. The helot Revolt in Sparta The helots would in time eventually revolt against their captors, the Spartans. While the helots were treated better than some slaves in Ancient Greece, the life of helot was still one of servitude. The helots would bide their time, await an opportunity to lead an uprising against their captors and try to claim back what was once theirs, their freedom. The first revolt by the helots against Sparta came in what was deemed The Second Messenian War, and was believed to have started around 685 BC and lasted all the way till 668 BC. The war would start with the help of the Argives giving support to the Messenian helot people in their battle. Aristomenes a


What 'rank' is used to denote the iconic video game hero featured in the Halo series?

Halo (Franchise) - TV Tropes Abnormal Ammo : The Needler, Needle rifle, and related weapons shoot pink/purple crystals (made of a material called "blamite") that detonate a few seconds after impact. Additionally, the Covenant Carbine fires ammo made from a poisonous and radioactive compound. The weaponry wielded by Promethean constructs utilize hard-light ammunition. Some of it can completely disintegrate even MJOLNIR armor. Adaptational Attractiveness : Captain Keyes looks much younger in Halo: Reach and Anniversary than he did in the original Combat Evolved, where he's 57. Inversely, his daughter Miranda looks much more age-appropriate for a veteran commander in the HD remake of Halo 2, compared to the original game where she could easily be mistaken for a teenager. Advanced Ancient Acropolis : Forerunner structures are all several aeons old, with many being constructed out of a mix of crystal glass and Hard Light that looks like silver. Advanced Ancient Humans : As revealed in The Forerunner Saga and Halo 4, humanity used to be nearly on par with the Forerunners themselves. The Forerunners themselves were originally tended to be this trope, but that was later retconned away. Aerith and Bob : Not so much for any human characters, but for UNSC ship names. The ones featured the games tend to be poetic and/or even just a little bit weird : Pillar of Autumn, Spirit of Fire, Aegis Fate, In Amber Clad, Forward Unto Dawn, and Say My Name. But ships from the novels tend to have more normal names like Leviathan, Fairweather, Gettysburg, and Texas. The odd ship names are very likely a nod to the ones in Iain M. Banks 's Culture universe, a setting which also has giant ringworlds. That said, this trope's prevalence in Halo really depends on the writer . For example, the Halo: Evolutions story Midnight in the Heart of Midlothian (written by former Bungie staffer and current 343i Franchise Development Director Frankie O'Connor) takes place in a ship called The Heart of Midlothian. Even the later novels that aren't written by Bungie/343i staffers have indulged in this trope a little more, with names like Do You Feel Lucky? and All Under Heaven. You also have the funny variations for civilian freighters: This End Up, Contents Under Pressure, Bulk Discount, Horn of Plenty, or Wholesale Price. Aggressive Negotiations : The first battle of the Human-Covenant War begins after a nervous Grunt disobeys orders and kills a human during a peace negotiation. A.I. is a Crapshoot : There is an actual, In-Universe term for this - Rampancy. Man-made "Smart" AIs generally have this happen about seven years into their lifetime, at which point they are usually destroyed. Forerunner AIs can stay sane for much longer, but aren't immune to rampancy either. A.K.A.-47 : The Sniper Rifle System 99 series (particularly the 99D-S2 Anti-Matériel) bears a heavy resemblance to the South African made NTW-20 (manufactured by the Mechem division of the DENEL group), sharing many of the same features; chambering for the 14.5 x 114mm round, the stock, carrying handle/scope guard and the muzzle brake. According to Robert McLees, the MA5 series of Assault Rifles is NOT based off of the Belgian FN 2000, though he grudgingly admits that people would think that after comparing the two "I don't know when the images of the FN F2000 appeared, but I didn't see them until three or four months after the game shipped, and I thought 'Oh great. Now everyone's going to think I swiped the design from Fabrique National.' It was surreal to see how close the Halo assault rifle was to its real-life counterpart... and it was all totally by accident." —Robert McLees, Original Writer and Keeper of the Halo Story Bible Aliens Are Bastards : Zigzagged with the Covenant. Though many of its members are shown to be absolute bastards to both humanity and each other, most of the Covenant isn't evil, they're just being manipulated, coerced, or enslaved by the Prophets (and even they're not completely evil). Even the Brutes, the most brutal and violent of the races , have some decent people. The F


What technical term describes the science, production, and study of grapes?

Wine Glossary.  Wine Tasting Terminology Home >  Wine Glossary.  Wine Tasting Terminology Wine Glossary.  Wine Tasting Terminology   Wine Terminology If you feel intimated or embarrassed by not knowing "wine talk" the charts below will help you . You don't have to be a professional or even an amateur wine taster to enjoy drinking wines. Nor is it necessary to know "everything" about wines to select and enjoy them. However, knowing a little and gradually expanding your knowledge can add immeasurably to your enjoyment of wine. We have two lists to help you familiarize yourself with wine terms. Each is almost a dictionary. Wine terminology can be confusing and learning it can be a daunting task. Hopefully this will make the task easier. The first is a glossary of Wine Tasting Terminology. The second, below, is a general Wine Glossary . Learning this vocabulary can make your wine tasting experience more enjoyable. Glossary Wine Tasting Acidic Describe wines whose total acid is so high that they taste tart or sour and a sharp edge or harsh feeling on the palate. Acrid Describes a harsh or bitter taste or pungent smell that is due to excess sulfur. Aftertaste The taste or flavors that linger in the mouth after the wine is tasted, spit or swallowed. The aftertaste or "finish" is the most important factor in judging a wine's character and quality. Surprisingly, this may differ significantly from the taste while the wine is in your mouth. A lingering aftertaste is a virtue, as long as the taste is enjoyable. Great wines have rich, long, complex aftertastes. Aggressive Slightly harsh in taste or texture, usually due to a high level of tannin or acid. Alcoholic Used to describe a wine that has too much alcohol for its body and weight, making it unbalanced. A wine with too much alcohol will taste uncharacteristically heavy or hot as a result. This quality is noticeable in aroma and aftertaste. Appearance Refers to a wine's clarity, not color. Apple A pleasant apple-fruit aroma, particularly characteristic of Chardonnays made without excessive oak. Aroma Traditionally defined as the smell that wine acquires from the grapes and from fermentation. Now it more commonly means the wine's total smell, including changes that resulted from oak aging or that occurred in the bottle--good or bad. "Bouquet" has a similar meaning. Astringent Describes a rough, harsh, puckery feel in the mouth, usually from tannin or high acidity that red wines (and a few whites) have. When the harshness stands out, the wine is astringent. Austere Used to describe relatively hard, high-acid wines that lack depth and roundness. Usually said of young wines that need time to soften, or wines that lack richness and body. Awkward Describes a wine that has poor structure, is clumsy or is out of balance. Backbone Used to denote those wines that are full-bodied, well-structured and balanced by a desirable level of acidity. Backward Used to describe a young wine that is less developed than others of its type and class from the same vintage. Balance A wine has balance when its elements are harmonious and no single element dominates. Alcohol and tannins may also be elements of structure or backbone. Bite A marked degree of acidity or tannin. An acid grip in the finish should be more like a zestful tang and is tolerable only in a rich, full-bodied wine. Bitter Not common in wines but found occasionally (particularly in the aftertaste, and usually in subtle, refreshing form) in some Italian wines and Alsatian whites. It describes one of the four basic tastes (along with sour, salty and sweet). Some grapes--notably Gewurztraminer and Muscat--often have a noticeable bitter edge to their flavors. Another source of bitterness is tannin or stems. If the bitter quality dominates the wine's flavor or aftertaste, it is considered a fault. In sweet wines a trace of bitterness may complement the flavors. In young red wines it can be a warning signal, as bitterness doesn't always dissipate with age. Normally, a fine, mature wine should not be bitter on the palate. Blunt Strong in flavo


Barium chlorate is used as an oxidiser in fireworks to produce which colour?

Phantom Fireworks : Fireworks University : Pyrotechnic Compounds Pyrotechnic Compounds Pyrotechnic Compounds Pyrotechnic Compounds Colors in fireworks are usually generated by pyrotechnic stars—usually just called stars—which produce intense light when ignited. Stars contain five basic types of ingredients. A fuel which allows the star to burn An oxidizer—a compound which produces (usually) oxygen to support the combustion of the fuel Color-producing chemicals A binder which holds the pellet together. A chlorine donor which provides chlorine to strengthen the color of the flame. Sometimes the oxidizer can serve this purpose. Some of the more common color-producing compounds are tabulated here. The color of a compound in a firework will be the same as its color in a flame test (shown at right). Not all compounds that produce a colored flame are appropriate for coloring fireworks, however. Ideal colorants will produce a pure, intense color when present in moderate concentration. Color Li2CO3 (lithium carbonate) LiCl (lithium chloride) Orange CuCl2 (copper chloride), at low temperature Indigo Charcoa l , iron, or lampblack White Titanium, aluminum, beryllium, or magnesium powders The brightest stars, often called Mag Stars, are fueled by aluminium. Magnesium is rarely used in the fireworks industry due to its lack of ability to form a protective oxide layer. Often an alloy of both metals called magnalium is used. Many of the chemicals used in the manufacture of fireworks are non-toxic, while many more have some degree of toxicity, can cause skin sensitivity, or exist in dust form and are thereby inhalation hazards. Still others are poisons if directly ingested or inhaled. Abstract reference of chemicals used in fireworks industry The following table is an educational guideline for the chemistry of fireworks. Symbol Al Aluminum Aluminum is used to produce silver and white flames and sparks. It is a common component of sparklers. Ba Barium Barium is used to create green colors in fireworks, and it can also help stabilize other volatile elements. C Carbon Carbon is one of the main components of black powder, which is used as a propellent in fireworks. Carbon provides the fuel for a firework. Common forms include carbon black, sugar, or starch. Ca Calcium is used to deepen firework colors. Calcium salts produce orange fireworks. Cl Chlorine Chlorine is an important component of many oxidizers in fireworks. Several of the metal salts that produce colors contain chlorine. Cs Cesium compounds help to oxidize firework mixtures. Cesium compounds produce an indigo color in fireworks. Cu Copper Copper produces blue-green colors in fireworks and halides of copper are use to make shades of blue. Fe Iron Iron is used to produce sparks. The heat of the metal determines the color of the sparks. K Potassium Potassium compounds help to oxidize firework mixtures. Potassium nitrate, potassium chlorate, and potassium perchlorate are all important oxidizers. The potassium content can impart a violet-pink color to the sparks. Li Lithium Lithium is a metal that is used to impart a red color to fireworks. Lithium carbonate, in particular, is a common colorant. Mg Magnesium Magnesium burns a very bright white, so it is used to add white sparks or improve the overall brilliance of a firework. Na Sodium Sodium imparts a yellow color to fireworks, however, the color is often so bright that it frequently masks other, less intense colors. O Oxygen Fireworks include oxidizers, which are substances that produce oxygen in order for burning to occur. The oxidizers are usually nitrates, chlorates, or perchlorates. Sometimes the same substance is used to provide oxygen and color. P Phosphorus Phosphorus burns spontaneously in air and is also responsible for some glow in the dark effects. It may be a component of a firework's fuel. Rb Rubidium compounds help to oxidize firework mixtures. Rubidium compounds produce a violet-red color in fireworks. S Sulfur Sulfur is a component of black powder, and as such, it is found in a firework's propellant/fuel. Sb Antimon


Which TV series initially concerned passengers from Oceanic Flight 815?

Oceanic Flight 815 | Lostpedia | Fandom powered by Wikia The Island Oceanic Airlines Flight 815 was a scheduled flight from Sydney, Australia to Los Angeles , California, United States , on a Boeing 777-200ER . On September 22 , 2004 at 4:16 P.M., the airliner, carrying 324 passengers, deviated from its original course and disappeared over the Pacific Ocean. This is the central moment in the series Lost and the personal chronological beginning of the main characters ' exploits on the Island . Flight 815's breakup and crash was due to Desmond Hume failing to enter a code into the Swan station computer , causing a large burst of electromagnetic energy. The true cause of the plane's off-course deviation and arrival to the Island's airspace was Jacob , the supernatural entity who protected the Island. Jacob brought the plane because many of the flight's passengers were candidates to replace him as protector of the Island. Two months after the crash, wreckage was found in the Sunda Trench in the Indian Ocean near Bali. All of the passengers were presumed dead. In reality, however, the discovered wreckage was staged by Charles Widmore . The real plane had suffered a mid-air break-up and crashed on an uncharted Island , with more than sixty-nine passengers and two crew members surviving the crash itself. Later, six of those survivors made it off the Island and became known as the Oceanic Six . By late 2007, the Island's treacherous conditions and the violent battles between passengers, the Island's inhabitants , and other factions killed nearly every passenger on the plane. As of the finale episode , only Kate Austen , Hugo "Hurley" Reyes , James "Sawyer" Ford , Walt Lloyd , Rose Nadler , Bernard Nadler , Claire Littleton , Aaron Littleton , Emma , Zach , and Vincent were confirmed to still be alive. Cindy Chandler was the only crew member of the flight to survive the series. Some of the survivors were able to escape on Ajira Flight 316 which they had used to return to the Island after leaving. Hurley became protector of the Island and remained behind with Ben Linus . Rose and Bernard also stayed behind to live out the rest of their lives together, in harmony. Cindy, Emma and Zach also remained to live under Hurley's guard. Contents Main article: Oceanic Flight 815 Crew and Passengers There were 324 people on the plane, including flight crew. (" One of Us ") Frank Lapidus later claimed that he was originally supposed to pilot Oceanic Flight 815 on that day, but overslept and was replaced by Seth Norris . (" Confirmed Dead ")(" Dr. Linus ") Some of the passengers' seat numbers have been revealed during the show, and many of the main characters' row numbers seem to correspond with the Numbers . Other seat numbers have also been revealed on ABC -sponsored websites such as Oceanic-air.com , although this information is to be considered non-canonical . Travel reasons Main article: Flight path of Oceanic 815 On September 22, 2004, at 2: 15 pm local time, Oceanic Flight 815 left from gate 23 , and took off from Sydney, Australia, scheduled to arrive in Los Angeles at 10: 42 . (" Exodus, Part 2 ") Sayid Jarrah later commented that the plane traveled in a northeastern direction, typical of commercial airliners on this route. (" Tabula Rasa ") Approximately six hours into the flight, Flight 815 encountered problems with their radio. Having lost contact with ground control, the pilot decided to alter course and "turn back" towards Fiji. Approximately two hours later, having traveled more than 1000 miles off their planned course, the plane hit turbulence, which eventually resulted in the plane's crash. (" Pilot, Part 1 ") Eight hours after take-off would put Oceanic 815 on the Island around 10:15pm Sydney time, later local time since they were flying eastward (Fiji is 2 time zones later, Tahiti is 4). However, it was clearly mid-day when the plane lands, and on the printout from the Pearl found by Locke and Eko , it is clearly shown that the Swan's system failure occurred on September 22, 2004, at 4:16 PM. (" Live Together, Die Alone ") Th


In 1984, which Cosmonaut became the first woman to perform a spacewalk?

July 25, 1984: Savitskaya is first woman to walk in space July 25, 1984: Savitskaya is first woman to walk in space Teresa Mathew Pin it Share On this date—July 25, 1984—Svetlana Savitskaya became the first woman and the 53rd cosmonaut to perform a spacewalk. Savitskaya was the second woman to enter space, the first being Valentina Tereshkova 19 years before her. Savitskaya and Tereshkova were both Russian cosmonauts, a term used to refer to an astronaut trained to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft. While there were 57 Russian and Soviet spacewalkers through 2010, Savistkaya was the only female. During her spacewalk, Savistkaya was outside the space station for over three hours. In 1993, when she retired from working as a cosmonaut, she had spent a total of 19.71 days in space. The first woman to enter space twice, Savistkaya had this to say about how space travel made her regard Earth: “One has a natural psychological wish to return to Earth, to their home. When in orbit, one thinks of the whole of the Earth, rather than of one's country, as one's home." Reblog


By what name is Paul David Hewson better known?

Paul David Hewson is better know as... Dates of religious and Civil holidays around the world. www.when-is.com Paul David Hewson So who is Paul David Hewson? Well, Paul David Hewson is no other than the Irish Bono who was born on  , 1960, under the name Paul David Hewson, but later changed his name to Bono, a name by which we all know him today. © 2007-2017 Capital Of. All rights reserved. You are here: Paul David Hewson


What is found in the middle of a Sussex Pond pudding?

Sussex pond pudding Sussex pond pudding | 0 Comments Share the love A thick beef suet crust standing guard around a pulpy lemon, with a stream of buttery brown sauce pouring from its heart, Sussex Pond Pudding is never going to win ‘most beautiful dessert’ in a pudding parade. However, it's the taste that counts. You can read all about its rather interesting history here . Ingredients 200g (7.1 oz) Self-raising flour, plus extra for dusting 110g (3.9 oz) Beef suet, shredded 60ml (2.1 fl oz) Whole milk 60ml (2.1 fl oz) Cold water 200g (7.1 oz) Butter, chopped, plus extra for greasing 200g (7.1 oz) Soft light brown sugar 1 Large unwaxed lemon Serves: 6 Step-by-step Sift the flour into a large bowl and stir in the shredded suet. Stir in the milk and water to make a soft dough. Cut a quarter of the dough off for the lid and set side. Butter a 1 litre (13/4pt) pudding basin. Dust your work surface with flour and roll out the dough to make a 30cm (12in) wide circle. Press the dough into the basin to neatly cover the base and sides. Place half the butter and sugar into the basin. Prick the lemon all over with a needle or skewer and nestle on top of the sugar. Cover with the remaining butter and sugar. Roll out the remaining pastry to make a 12cm (43/4in) wide circle and lay over the filling. Pinch the sides together to seal. Lay a large sheet of baking parchment on your work surface and cover with a larger sheet of foil. Pinch a 5cm (2in) pleat up out of the middle and fold over (the pleat means the paper and foil can expand as the pudding steams). Cover the basin with the paper and foil, paper-side-down, and tie onto the pudding with string. Trim any excess paper and foil. Tie a string handle onto the basin. Place a saucer in the bottom of a large pan and put the pudding on top of it. Pour in enough boiling water to come halfway up the basin. Cover with a lid and gently boil for 31/2 hours. If the water gets low, pour in more boiling water. To serve, lift the pudding from the pan and remove the foil and paper. Run a palette knife around the edge of the pudding. Place a serving plate over the bottom of the basin and quickly turn them both upside down. Give the basin a very gentle shake to help ease the pudding out. Serve immediately. Interested in more British puds, modern and traditional?


Which country is the world’s top producer of orange juice?

The world’s leading producer of orange juice is getting squeezed — Quartz Brazil is sitting on trucks-full of oranges. (AP Photo/Antonio Milena) Share Roberto A. Ferdman June 13, 2013 If Brazil is going to maintain its grasp on the global orange juice market, it’s going to have to shake things up a bit. Brazil makes and distributes more orange juice than any other country in the world, and it’s not even a close race—the country makes more than 50% of the world’s orange juice. But recent history hasn’t been all that kind to the citrus giant. Orange juice production has grown stagnant over the past few years and orange juice exports, which the local industry relies heavily on, have fallen almost 15% since their peak in 2003. What’s going on? A few things. People are drinking less orange juice these days There are nearly one billion more people in the world than there were in 2000, and yet the world, as a whole, drinks less orange juice today than it did then. Led by big drops in the US and Europe, the world’s two largest markets for orange juice, orange juice consumption has shrunk in virtually every year this decade. If you export over 98% of the orange juice you produce, as Brazil does, that’s a serious problem. Especially if profit margins are shrinking, too. Exporting orange juice is getting expensive Even if there were enough demand to sweep more oranges out of farmer’s hands, growing oranges isn’t all that lucrative in Brazil anymore. An updated labor code has driven up the minimum wage, and land lease costs and prices of pesticides have risen, too. At this point, it may not even be cost-effective for smaller growers to produce oranges in Brazil anymore, Marco Antonio dos Santos, the president of a local grower’s union, told Agence France-Presse : The government calculated that we have a production cost of around 5 dollars per crate (40.8 kilograms or 90 pounds), while we are selling it at 3.5 to 4 dollars…In the citrus belt of Sao Paulo, half of the orange farms have disappeared over the past 10 years, and only the most productive survive. And exporting them? That’s even more costly. The price of processing and transporting the orange juice to overseas terminals has risen steeply— over 50% since 2000—in part due to rising oil prices. Orange juice. Orange juice. Who wants orange juice? As orange juice exports go, so too does Brazil’s entire orange juice industry. The good news is, though fewer people are drinking orange juice overall these days, the decline is largely driven by shrinking demand in the US and Europe, where consumption has fallen roughly 20% and 5% since 2003, respectively. In many emerging markets, by contrast, demand for orange juice is growing. The numbers are modest, mind you, but with promising growth and billions of prospective consumers, the potential is certainly there. Growing the market outside of the US and Europe, which together account for roughly 80% of Brazil’s orange juice exports, in countries like China and Russia could help protect the country’s smarting citrus industry from the decline happening in developed countries, and pivot for the future. But if Brazil wants to inject life into its ailing orange juice industry, it may want to begin by getting its own people to start drinking orange juice. Currently the world’s 10th largest consumer of packaged orange juice, Brazil has seen its own consumption rise only 8% since 2003. Compare that to China, which consumes more than twice as much juice as it did in 2003, or Russia, which consumes 70% more. Since per-capita incomes have risen a good deal in all three countries, this suggests that getting Brazilians to drink more of the stuff isn’t just a matter of waiting for them to get more prosperous. (Note, though: The data don’t capture orange juice freshly squeezed on the spot, which is, naturally, much more common in Brazil than in China or Russia.) Some nonetheless see promise in the Brazilian market. “In a few years, our country can have as many people drinking industrial orange juice as in Germany, which is the world’s leading consumer


Who was the father of King Henry IV of England?

KING HENRY IV OF ENGLAND (1367-1413) [Henry Bolingbroke, Henry Lancaster] Search   HENRY IV, King of England, son of John of Gaunt , by Blanche, daughter of Henry, Duke of Lancaster, was born on the 3rd of April 1367, at Bolingbroke in Lincolnshire. As early as 1377 he is styled Earl of Derby, and in 1380 he married Mary de Bohun (d.1394), one of the co-heiresses of the last Earl of Hereford. In 1387 he supported his uncle Thomas, Duke of Gloucester , in his armed opposition to Richard II and his favourites. Afterwards, probably through his father's influence, he changed sides. He was already distinguished for his knightly prowess, and for some years devoted himself to adventure. He thought of going on the crusade to Barbary; but instead, in July 1390, went to serve with the Teutonic knights in Lithuania. "The Challenge of Derby and Mowbray." He came home in the following spring, but next year went again to Prussia, whence he journeyed by way of Venice to Cyprus and Jerusalem. After his return to England he sided with his father and the king against Gloucester, and in 1397 was made Duke of Hereford. In January 1398 he quarrelled with the Duke of Norfolk , who charged him with treason. The dispute was to have been decided in the lists at Coventry in September; but at the last moment Richard intervened and banished them both. When John of Gaunt died in February 1399 Richard, contrary to his promise, confiscated the estates of Lancaster. Henry then felt himself free, and made friends with the exiled Arundels. Early in July, whilst Richard was absent in Ireland, he landed at Ravenspur in Yorkshire. He was at once joined by the Percies; and Richard, abandoned by his friends, surrendered at Flint on the 19th of August. In the parliament, which assembled on the 30th of September, Richard was forced to abdicate. Henry then made his claim as coming by right line of blood from King Henry III, and through his right to recover the realm which was in point to be undone for default of governance and good law. Parliament formally accepted him, and thus Henry became king, "not so much by title of blood as by popular election" (Capgrave). The new dynasty had consequently a constitutional basis. With this Henry's own political sympathies well accorded. But though the revolution of 1399 was popular in form, its success was due to an oligarchical faction. From the start Henry was embarrassed by the power and pretensions of the Percies. Nor was his hereditary title so good as that of the Mortimers. To domestic troubles was added the complication of disputes with Scotland and France. The first danger came from the friends of Richard, who plotted prematurely, and were crushed in January 1400. During the summer of 1400 Henry made a not over-successful expedition to Scotland. The French court would not accept his overtures, and it was only in the summer of 1401 that a truce was patched up by the restoration of Richard's child-queen, Isabella of Valois. Meantime a more serious trouble had arisen through the outbreak of the Welsh revolt under Owen Glendower . In 1400 and again in each of the two following autumns Henry invaded Wales in vain. The success of the Percies over the Scots at Homildon Hill (Sept. 1402) was no advantage. Henry Percy (Hotspur) and his father, the Earl of Northumberland , thought their services ill-requited, and finally made common cause with the partisans of Mortimer and the Welsh. The plot was frustrated by Hotspur's defeat at Shrewsbury (21st of July 1403); and Northumberland for the time submitted. Henry had, however, no one on whom he could rely outside his own family, except Archbishop Arundel . The Welsh were unsubdued; the French were plundering the southern coast; Northumberland was fomenting trouble in the north. The crisis came in 1405. A plot to carry off the young Mortimers was defeated; but Mowbray , the Earl Marshal, who had been privy to it, raised a rebellion in the north supported by Archbishop Scrope of York . Mowbray and Scrope were taken and beheaded; Northumberland escaped into Scotland. For the execu


Which was the second country to adopt postage stamps?

Philatelic Books, Foreign Countries, A - E Leonard H. Hartmann OTHER COUNTRIES, Aden - Germany Other Countries covers just about everything except for US, CSA and Canada. Please look up your interest under the various name combinations as this section is not cross-indexed and unfortunately it is also not consistent in the listings. A current or former colony could be listed under the original parent country or the current or original colony name. Sorry about that! Aden, The Postal History of British Aden, 1839-1967 by Major R. W. Pratt, edited by E. B. Proud, 1985, 274 pages, cloth, sold out Aden, The Postmarks of Aden, Postal Markings 1839-1939 by Robertshaw 1946, 23 pages, card bound, enquire before ordering, $30.00 Afghananistan, Afghan Philately 1871-1989, by Cecil H. Uyehara and Horst G. DietrichIn English, 1995, 571 pages, cloth, only one copy available, $125.00, sold Afghanistan, The Postage Stamps of Afghanistan by David P. Masson and B. Gordon Jones The Sher Ali series 1870-1878, Abdur Rahman series 1880's, Rectangular Issues 1907-08. Privately reprinted by a student frustrated by the scarcity of the original work and the poor condition of originals and photocopies. Original 1908 edition, rebound in buckrim with original cover, sold Reprint of 1908 book, 58+8 pages + plates, cloth with plates in folder, $125.00 Afghanistan, The Afghan Campaign 1841-43 by Peter Collins An analysis of the 148 letters in Captain Riddell's correspondence, much history and postal history. 1973, 28 pages, card $8.50 Afghanistan, Its Twentieth Century Postal Issues by F. Patterson III 1964, 208 pages, cloth $35.50 AFRICA Listing of single copy books, see expanded Africa listing Africa, British East Africa Postage Stamps and Postal Stationery by Minns A fine and beautiful study from the Royal of London. 1982, 134 pages, 4 color plates, cloth, edition of 500 1990, 54 pages, card supplement Book and supplement, only one available, $200.00 Africa, The P.H. and Handstamps of British West Africa by C. McCaig 1978 reprint of 1974 booklet, 64 pages, card, excellent study $12.50 Africa, History of the East African Army Postal Service by Stuart Rossiter, edited by Edward B. Proud 1982, 111 pages, cloth, limited stock, $75.00 Africa, British East Africa Postage Stamps and Postal Stationery by Minns A fine and beautiful study from the Royal of London. 1982, 134 pages, 4 color plates, cloth, edition of 500 1990, 54 pages, card supplement Set, only one available $220.00 Africa, Transvaal, The Provisional Issue of the First British Occupation by Alan R. Drysdall, 1994, 82+9+ pages, cloth with dj, only one copy available, $63.50 Africa, Transvaal 1878-1880 by Robson Lowe 1973, 24 pages, 50 illustrations, card, a fine plating study $5.00 Africa, Rhodesia, The Postal History of Northern Rhodesia by E. B. Proud 1997, 376 pages, cloth, $75.00 Africa, Rhodesia, The Postal History of Southern Rhodesia by E. B. Proud 1997, 623 pages, cloth, $105.00 Africa, Rhodesia, Postmarks, Postal Routes and Principal Postage Rates of Southern Rhodesia to 1924 by R. C. Knight and D. A. Mitchell Large format with fold out maps. 1984, 176 pages, cloth with dj, edition of 500, $48.50 Africa, Rhodesia, A Postal History - Its Stamps, Posts & Telegraphs by R. C. Smith, 1967, 454 pages, cloth with dj, one copy available, $60.00 Africa, Rhodesia, Mashonaland - A Postal History 1890 - 1896 by Drysdall and Collis The founding of Rhodesia, published by Robson Lowe in conjunction with the Rhodesia Study Circle, much philatelic, postal and historic depth. 1990, 184 pages, cloth, edition of 500 copies, $74.00 Africa, Nyasaland - Rhodesia Field Force 1914-18 by Drysdall & Pennycuick 1986, 148 pages plus 5 fold out tables, card, one copy available $37.50, sold Africa, Rhodesia, Stamps and Postal History of Northern Rhodesia and Zambia 1963-1965 by Alan R. Drysdall 1976, 40 pages, card, a most complete coverage, $6.50 Postal History of Kenya by Edward B. Proud, Covers the 1890 - 1963 period. 1992, 368 pages, cloth $95.00 Africa, Rhodesia 1913 Admirals by Gerald Simpson Excellent


Which TV detective is the 8th Earl of Asherton?

Thomas Lynley - Police Detective      Thomas Lynley   Thomas Lynley Urbane and political looking inspektor Thomas Lynley is a detective      personality from the character The Inspector Lynley Mysteries, which      is telecast as continuous running television series in British Broadcast      Corporation (BBC). The story is based on the fictional character Detective      Inspector Thomas "Tommy" Lynley, 8th Earl of Asherton, played      by Nathaniel Parker. The story is also about Detective Sergeant Barbara      Havers, who belongs to normal working class family. Both, Inspector      Thomas "Tommy" Lynley and Sergeant Barbara Havers work with      Scotland Yard. The able detective Inspector Thomas "Tommy" Lynley drives      in his flash Bristol 410 car. He has strong faith in the old values      and traditions of the society. Though he has modern opinions about certain      things, there are many times when he recluses back to old traditional      value system. It would not be wrong to say that detective Inspector      Thomas "Tommy" Lynley has high moral sense; is completely      devoted to his work and professions; and above all has professional      demeanor and decorum. The detective is adored by people in the Scotland      Yard for his work and extreme sense of professionalism. The able detective Inspector Thomas "Tommy" Lynley drives      in his flash Bristol 410 car. He has strong faith in the old values      and traditions of the society. Though he has modern opinions about certain      things, there are many times when he recluses back to old traditional      value system. It would not be wrong to say that detective Inspector      Thomas "Tommy" Lynley has high moral sense; is completely      devoted to his work and professions; and above all has professional      demeanor and decorum. The detective is adored by people in the Scotland      Yard for his work and extreme sense of professionalism. The best words that can describe actions of detective Inspector Thomas "Tommy" Lynley areâHe is not always right, but heâs expertly      judgmental about what is wrong, when it is wrong and where it is wrong?â      Tommy is one of those very few detectives who are liked by people, besides,      looking snobbish in his character. Tommy has the patience to listen      to people, understand about their psychology and acts according to his      own senses. You cannot rate Tommy as one of those easy going detectives      who just solves the case with all that fun and lethargic attitude. Thereâs      absolutely no way where you find Tommy in a lethargic mood. The best      thing about this smart and posh detective is that he can gel with anybody      and everybody. The quality makes him stand different from the crowd,      and you would get to know same things about every action that he makes. Detective Sergeant Barbara Havers is partner of detective Inspector      Thomas "Tommy" Lynley, and both have kind of schism in between      them. Professionally both of them are adept, and they know what to do      when any untoward circumstance arises. Otherwise they are a good match,      considering the fact that both of them come from different social strata      of life. In the later series both detective Inspector Thomas "Tommy" Lynley and his one time friend Helen (Lesley Vickerage), both tie nuptial      pad in 2003 story. As the story line moves in further series, it is      seen that Lynley gets entangled in serious problems and these problems      become traumatic for him. He gets separated from Helen. Soon as his      mind gets troubled by the emotional problems, he is arrested and later suspended for passing threatening comments on a suspect. Though character Detective Inspector Thomas "Tommy" Lynley      love life is troubled by emotional failures, he proves


In which part of the body is the brachial artery?

Brachial Artery Location, Anatomy & Function | Body Maps Your message has been sent. OK We're sorry, an error occurred. We are unable to collect your feedback at this time. However, your feedback is important to us. Please try again later. Close Brachial artery The brachial artery is a major blood vessel located in the upper arm and is the main supplier of blood to the arm and hand.  The brachial artery continues from the axillary artery at the shoulder and travels down the underside of the arm. Along with the medial cubital vein and bicep tendon, it forms the cubital fossa, the triangular pit on the inside of the elbow. Below the cubital fossa, the brachial artery divides into two arteries running down the forearm: the ulnar and radial. In some people, this division occurs higher up, causing these arteries to run through the upper arm. These are the two main branches of the brachial artery. The brachial artery’s other branches are: the inferior ulnar collateral, profunda brachii, and superior ulnar arteries. The brachial artery's pulse can be felt on the elbow's front side. This is why blood pressure is measured in this area using either a sphygmomanometer (a blood pressure meter) or a stethoscope.


In which English city is the Don Valley Stadium?

Historical: Don Valley Stadium – until 2013 – StadiumDB.com Historical Don Valley Stadium – until 2013 Capacity Advertisement Description: Don Valley Stadium England's second largest athletic stadium was opened in 1990, when Sheffield was gearing up to host the 1991 Universiade. Capacity of 25,000 seats was divided between banks of the sunken bowl (almost 5 meters below ground level, altogether some 15,000 seats) and the southern main grandstand (10,000). The latter structure was very distinctive with its yellow steel pylons supporting the tensile roof, each over 25 meters high. After the 1991 tournament the stadium in Don River's Valley went through a variety of phases and uses, being home to rugby or American football games as well as athletic events and concerts. Those were the biggest events here, with audiences of up to 50,000. Last years of existence were marked with football, though, as Rotherham United were temporarily playing host here in 2008-2012, before opening their own ground. With no chance of filling the event calendar and the stadium being a major burden for public budget, Sheffield city council announced in January 2013 that the stadium is to be demolished. Despite strong opposition among the community (some 6,000 signatures against the move) demolition began in November 2013. Advertisement


Butterfly Conservation - Lulworth Skipper Butterfly Conservation Finish What your money can do By becoming a member of Butterfly Conservation today you can do something important not just for Britain's butterflies and moths but for the planet as whole. What you'll receive Members will receive a fantastic pack including a set of collectible postcards, access to our nature reserves, a subscription to our exclusive magazine 3 times a year, plus more! See all our membership options including becoming a Life Benefactor. Join Identify a butterfly or day-flying moth Country Where did you spot it? Size What wing markings did it have? Black spots Scientific name: Thymelicus acteon Only found in south Dorset. Dull orange-brown wings held with forewings above hind wings. The Lulworth Skipper is one of the smallest of our butterflies. It is restricted to the extreme south of Dorset where it can be found in large numbers along a stretch of coast centred on the village of Lulworth, where the species was first discovered in 1832. The females can be distinguished from other skippers by the pale orange 'sun-ray' markings on their forewings whereas the males have darker-brown, almost olive coloured wings and a black line through the centre of the forewing. Darker than Small and Essex Skippers, neither of which has ray of pale spots.  The range of the Lulworth Skipper has changed little in recent decades and it remains locally very abundant. Size and Family Protected under Schedule 5 of the 1981 Wildlife and Countryside Act (for sale only) Caterpillar Foodplant The butterfly breeds on tall patches of Tor-grass (Brachypodium pinnatum). Habitat Occurs on chalk grasslands in Dorset, including chalk downland, coastal grasslands and undercliffs. The butterfly occasionally uses grasslands on chalk clays and road verges where chalk or limestone ballast has been used in construction. The grass should be tall, as females perfer tall spikes of the foodplant (30-50cm) and never select foodplants under 10cm for egg laying. South-facing slopes and grasslands sheltered from winds are preferred. Distribution Countries: England Only found in Dorset on the Coast from Burton Bradstock to Swanage and on chalk downland inland (such as the Purbeck Ridge and White Horse Hill).  Distribution Trend Since 1970’s = -15%. Similar species


Which Greek god was the twin sister of Apollo?

Apollo | Greek Mythology Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Silver Bow and Silver Arrows, Golden Sword Nicknames Lord of the Silver Bow, Slayer of Python, Phoebus, Smintheus, Pythius, He of the Golden Sword' Apollo (Ancient Greek: Ἀπόλλων) is the son of Zeus and Leto . His twin sister is Artemis . He was the God of the arts, music, healing, purification, prophecy, oracles, plague, poetry, civilization, the sun, truth, intelligence, logic, reason, and archery, he also showed men the art of medicine. He is famous for his oracle at Delphi . People traveled to it from all over the Greek world to divine the future. He is the only Olympian that does not have a Roman name. Contents Birth of Apollo Leto and her twins When Apollo's mother was in labor with him and his twin sister Artemis, she was looking for a place to give birth, however, Hera had made all land shun her so she was unable to find a place to give birth. Hera was very sour towards her because Zeus was her children's father and Hera disliked that Zeus kept having children with other women and goddesses. But Poseidon took pity on Leto and showed her an island that was not attached to the sea floor so it technically was not considered land. So Leto traveled there and gave birth. The little floating island is called Delos . God of Prophecy Apollo was the god of prophecy he decided that he needed a place where mortals could come and ask questions to him and he would use his gift of prophecy to answer them. He found a perfect place called Pytho . The only bad part was that a terrible, giant snake called Python was living there and was terrorizing all the other living creatures there. So he killed the snake and renamed the place Delphi. He created his temple and the oracles spoke to the mortals prophecies in which Apollo would give to them to give to mortals. More about Apollo Eros was a very mischievous person and liked to cause all sorts of trouble. So one day he shot Apollo with a golden arrow to make him fall in love with a beautiful nymph named Daphne . But Eros shot Daphne with a lead arrow making her feel hatred for Apollo. Apollo ran after her and she ran away. Daphne was frightened so she called to her father, Peneus , and he transformed her into a Laurel tree. As she turned into a tree, Apollo embraces her. Apollo, saddened by her running away from him, took some of the leaves and made a laurel wreath so that she would always be close to him.There is a version of this myth saying that Apollo caused this trouble with Eros. It says that he saw Eros playing with his bow, and he insulted him, telling him to "play with his own little bows and arrows" because he had slain a mighty serpent with his bow.  Eros was offended, and decided to play a trick on him, and that is why he caused the trouble with Daphne . Music Contest There was once a satyr named Marsyas. He was a wonderful player of the double flute, an instrument he found abandoned by Athena, and all the forests came to listen to him play the flute. One day Marsyas said that he was a better musician that the god of music himself, Apollo. This angered Apollo and so Apollo challenged Marsyas to a music competition. The winner could do anything they want to the loser. Marsyas played his pipes and he was wonderful but when Apollo played the lyre...he was better. So Apollo won and because Marsyas had dared to even say that he was even close to being as good at him, he skinned him alive and hung him from a tree. Niobe's Tragedy Niobe was a mortal woman, the queen of Thebes and wife of Amphion , who once boasted that she was better than Leto as she had fourteen children while Leto only had two. Unfortunately, Niobe's claims had enraged the twin gods themselves, Apollo and Artemis, who were extremely protective of their mother and her honor and the two descended to Earth to punish Niobe. The very next day, Niobe's son's were killed by Apollo and her daughters were killed by Artemis, though in some myths, the twins spared one of the innocent children, usually being Meliboea, the youngest of Niobe's children. It is said that


To which family of birds does the chiffchaff belong?

The RSPB: Chiffchaff Chiffchaff Conservation status: Green A small olive-brown warbler which actively flits through trees and shrubs, with a distinctive tail-wagging movement. Less bright than the similar willow warbler and readily distinguished by its song, from where it gets its name. Picks insects from trees and also flies out to snap them up in flight. Illustrations Lowland woodlands, parks and large gardens. When to see them All year round, but most arrive in late March and depart in August and September. What they eat 500-1,000 birds - * UK breeding is the number of pairs breeding annually. UK wintering is the number of individuals present from October to March. UK passage is the number of individuals passing through on migration in spring and/or autumn. Distribution In the UK All, except for far N and W of Scotland. Please note that the map is only intended as a guide. It shows general distribution rather than detailed, localised populations. Audio


Dido was the legendary founder of which ancient city?

Dido - Ancient History Encyclopedia Dido by Mark Cartwright published on 29 June 2016 Queen Dido (aka Elissa , from Elisha, or Alashiya, her Phoenician name) was a legendary Queen of Tyre in Phoenicia who was forced to flee the city with a loyal band of followers. Sailing west across the Mediterranean she founded the city of Carthage c. 813 BCE and later fell in love with the Trojan hero and founder of the Roman people Aeneas. The tale of Dido is most famously recounted in Virgil’s Aeneid  but she appeared in the works of many other ancient writers both before and after. Dido & Pygmalion The earliest surviving mention of the founding myth of Carthage appears in the work of Timaeus of Taormina, a Greek historian (c. 350-260 BCE) whose original texts do not survive but which are referred to by later authors. Timaeus was the first to present the foundation of Carthage as occurring in either 814 or 813 BCE. An additional source on the historical Elissa is Josephus, the 1st century CE historian, who quotes Menandros of Ephesus ’ list of 10th-9th century BCE Tyrian kings, which includes mention of an Elissa, sister of Pygmalion (Pumayyaton), who founded Carthage in the seventh year of that king’s reign. Remove Ads Advertisement The most famous version of the Dido story, though, is found in Virgil’s Aeneid. The 1st-century BCE Roman writer describes Dido as a daughter of Belus, the King of the Tyre in Phoenicia. We are told that her Phoenician name was Elissa but the Libyans gave her the new name Dido, meaning ‘wanderer’. Virgil recounts that Dido’s brother, Pygmalion, cheated his sister out of her inheritance and then, in order to keep the throne of Tyre, killed Dido’s husband Sychaeus. In another version, Dido married Acherbas (Zakarbaal), her uncle and priest of Melqart (or Baal) who was similarly executed by Pygmalion to acquire his wealth. Dido then fled the city with a loyal following (which included the military commanders Bitias and Barcas) and a hoard of the king’s gold to sail west and a new life. The Queen's Phoenician name was Elissa but the Libyans gave her the new name Dido, meaning ‘wanderer’. Foundation of Carthage Dido’s first stopping point was Kition on Cyprus , where she picked up a priest of Astarte after promising him that he and his descendants could be the High Priest at their new colony. A group of 80 young women, prostituted there in the name of Astarte, were taken along too, and the whole group sailed for North Africa where they founded their new city. Initially, the colonists were helped by the nearby Phoenician colony of Utica , and the local Libyan people (led by King Hiarbas) were willing to trade with them and offered to rent a piece of suitable land. The condition was that they could only have the area of land covered by an ox-hide. The resourceful Dido had the hide cut into very fine strips and with these encircled a hill which, in time, became the city’s citadel and known as Byrsa Hill after the Greek word for ox-hide.   The name of this new settlement was Qart-hadasht (New Town or Capital), and its location on a strategically advantageous position on a large peninsula of the North African coast was selected to offer a useful stopping point for Phoenician maritime traders who sailed from one end of the Mediterranean to the other. Remove Ads Advertisement Archaeological finds of Greek pottery and the remains of housing dating to the mid-8th century BCE suggest already the presence of a large settlement and so confirm at least the possibility of the traditional founding date. Phoenician cities had already founded colonies around the Mediterranean, and so Carthage was by no means the first, but in a relatively short time, it would become the most important, go on to found its own colonies and even eclipse Phoenicia as the most powerful trading centre of the time. Carthage’s prosperity was based not only on its location on trade routes but it also benefitted from an excellent harbour and control of fertile agricultural land. In honour of their founder Carthage minted coins from the 5th century BCE


What is the capital city of Trinidad and Tobago?

Port of Spain, capital city of Trinidad and Tobago All... Port of Spain, capital city of Trinidad and Tobago Port of Spain is the cultural and political heart of Trinidad and Tobago, stretching from the foothills of the Northern Range to the shores of the Gulf of Paria. Once a muddy little seaport, the city has grown to become one of the Caribbean's busiest commercial centers and a hub of artistic activity. The best way to explore the city is on foot. In the downtown area, start your visit at Independence Square, which is dissected by the Brian Lara Promenade. Locals playing chess under the shady trees are a common sight, and visitors can often catch a free street performance around the square in the afternoons.   The promenade's western half is dominated by the International Waterfront Centre, one of the most ambitious construction projects sponsored by the former government. The complex includes a luxurious hotel, theater space, a waterfront park, shops and a large conference center. At the end of the promenade sits the Roman Catholic Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception. Built in 1832, the church is known for its beautiful stained-glass windows that tell the story of Trinidad's history in glorious colors and details. Beyond the cathedral lies the streets of the old Spanish town. The city is home to a handful of interesting museums. The most popular is the National Museum, situated at the Savannah district's southern end on Frederick Street. The vast permanent collection highlights the colonial history and recent past of the island. The highlight of the museum is the exhibition detailing the lives and work of the La Borde family who from 1969 to 1973 became the first Trinidadians to circle the globe in the Hummingbird, a small yacht. The family completed a second circumnavigation in the Hummingbird II, which is now on display next to the museum. The National Library is also worth a visit. Located at the corner of Abercromby and Hart Streets, the collection highlights West Indian works and provides a good introduction to the heritage of the island's people. The complex also includes a cinema and amphitheater. Another fascinating sight is the Museum of the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service. Located in the old police headquarters, the museum outlines the history of the service and is open on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays. The city's largest green space is the Queen's Park Savannah. The park is often filled with kite-flyers, cricketers, picnickers and joggers in addition to vendors selling local treats like coconuts and oysters. The 260-acre park is over 180 years old, giving it the distinction of being the West Indies' oldest recreation grounds. Not far from the park is the recently renovated Emperor Valley Zoo, home to hundreds of animals, walking paths and a chic outdoor cafe. The nearby Botanical Gardens are home to some of the oldest trees and plants in the hemisphere, and more than 200 species of orchids grow on the lush grounds. The best time to visit Port of Spain is during Carnival, an extravagant celebration held in the days before Lent. Calypso competitions, parades, music performances and dances take over the city streets, and locals don elaborate costumes as they dance to soca and steel drum bands until the wee hours. Port of Spain Geographical Location Port of Spain is located to the north of Trinidad and Tobago facing the Caroni Swamp and Gulf of Paria. Although it is only the third largest city in Trinidad and Tobago, it is the most developed. The population of Port of Prince according to its last census in 2000 was 50,000 people. Port of Spain Language Although Spanish is spoken in Port of Spain, the official language is English. A Caribbean dialect of Hindi is also spoken in some areas as well as French and Chinese. Port of Spain Predominant Religion 26% Roman Catholic


Who is the famous father of the film director Duncan Jones?

The Observer profile: Duncan Jones - creating his own space odyssey | Film | The Guardian Share on Messenger Close Many fathers are eager to hand the family business down to their sons and Duncan Jones's dad was no exception. He wanted his son to become a rock star, or a musician of some description, but instead Jones has grown up to be a film director and his highly accomplished - and perfectly timed - debut feature, Moon , went on general release on Friday. David Bowie , for he is the father, can blame his son's career choice on his own love affair with cinema. The glam rock star made his first major appearance as an actor in Nic Roeg's The Man Who Fell to Earth in 1976, when Duncan was five. At home in Kent, where Jones spent his early years, father and son would play around with cameras and make stop-motion animations using Star Wars figurines. Later, Jones witnessed the real thing, hanging out with his father on the sets of films such as Labyrinth and getting a sneak preview of his future profession. Once you've clocked that his father once sang about Martian spiders and floating around space in tin cans, you can understand a little better why Jones, who is 38, has a deep-rooted passion for science fiction. Moon, based on an original story by Jones, is the result of many hours spent reading the mind-bending works of Philip K Dick and watching contemplative extraterrestrial classics such as 2001: A Space Odyssey and Outland The film is set in a not-so-distant future - the moon can be manned on a permanent basis and Sam Bell is the caretaker of a lonely mining station on its dark side. As his three-year shift draws to an end and he prepares to return to his young family on Earth, Bell begins to have disturbing visions that send his understanding of his job and, ultimately, his own identity into metaphysical meltdown. Bell is played by the excellent Sam Rockwell. His companion, the talking computer system Gerty, a close relative of Hal from 2001, is voiced by Kevin Spacey. To a genre in thrall to relentless action and thunderous explosions, Jones reintroduces a welcome sense of quiet, or disquiet, and a plot that prompts audiences to think rather than merely to react. The action in Moon is largely psychological, but that's not to say that the film doesn't deliver the visual goods. Considering Jones and his team were working with £2.6m, a minuscule budget for a sci-fi movie, and using old-fashioned models manipulated by catgut instead of expensive, computer-generated effects, their finished product looks startlingly good. It's a smart bit of scheduling that the film has come out on the very weekend of the 40th anniversary of the first manned moon landings, but Moon is also topical in other ways. An updated version of such classic ecological sci-fi pictures as Silent Running, it addresses the need for clean fuel sources at a time when dirty energy is a burning issue. The American corporation that Bell works for is mining Helium-3, a source of clean energy that really does exist on the moon and which Jones believes is "the only financially viable reason to go" there. (That the corporation turns out to be exploitative only makes the film more relevant.) Trudie Styler, whose production company, Xingu Films, helped raise extra money for Moon, hopes that the film will appeal to people who'd usually give sci-fi a wide berth. And she has nothing but good things to say about its director, whom she has known for seven years. "If I were a betting person, I'd bet heavily that he's going to go all the way to the top," she told the Observer Jones's future didn't always look so bankable. Money, connections and media attention can be a gift for a young scion seeking to outshine his or her famous parent, but they can also be a curse and some, like Jones, go to great lengths to avoid them. "I saw the drawbacks of fame as a kid," he has said. "I think if you're young and you're being compared with a successful family member, it's really hard to maintain any sense of self-worth and credibility." His path to Moon, which he made without any


Which English cathedral has an octagonal tower?

Cecil Hewett on the Wooden Octagon of Ely Cathedral (Figure 76 --View a Larger Image HERE .) [C.A. Hewett, English Cathedral Carpentry (London, 1974),      pp. 82-9] The most spectacular work among the various polygonally planned      cathedral structures is undoubtedly the lantern at Ely, which was built      between 1328 and 1342, at a total cost of £24,061.34½ --as      the Sacrist's Rolls testify. No less than three master-carpenters are      recorded as being involved in the work, each of them in supervisory      capacities: Master Thomas, Master William de Houk and Master William      Hurley the King's Master Carpenter. Other carpenters are recorded as      boarded at the Prior's expense, together with numerous sawyers at various      times during the long period of construction. The rolls also indicate      clearly that the carpenters took over the huge scaffolding that had      been used by the masons for the purpose of bringing the octagon up to      its upper string-course in 1328, after which date the structural carpentry      began. From this masonry octagon it is apparent that a specific design      for the timber vault and lantern had existed and been understood by      the master mason, since the necessary sill-hooks and squinting-pockets      had been worked into the ashlar at the correct situations for the receipt      of the timber components. The carpenters therefore inherited a well-equipped      site-operation, with "huge scaffolding" and a "great      crane for lifting heavy weights", together with a stone carcase      accurately built in accord with the same design --evidently the product      of a "Medieval architect", conversant with both masonry and      carpentry. It seems unlikely that this genius should have been Alan      of Walsingham, the Sacrist of Ely, but this is stated; and his portrait      carved in stone was placed over the north-west arch of the octagon.      Finally the lantern, which incorporated a belfry with peal of bells,      was covered with lead as the Sacrist's roll for the twenty-sixth year      of the reign of Edward III records. In July 1757 James Essex the architect made a survey of the      Cathedral in which he reported to the Dean and Chapter that the lantern, "being a work of the greatest importance, the neglect of it may      be attended with the destruction of the church, and the loss of many      lives: For whoever considers the magnitude and weight of this Tower      with all its appendages, [p. 85] and the manner in which it is supported,      must allow that the greatest care is required to preserve it in the      state it ought to be". It is difficult to reconcile documentary      evidence with actual structures, and in this case even more difficult      to determine what repairs Essex really carried out, since in the same      report he said : "The prodigious quantity of Timber and Lead of      which it is composed was at First supported by sixteen pieces of Timber      only of which number 7 or 8 are now rotten and unfit for supports, so      that the whole weight is now unequally supported by those that remain      sound." He concludes his report in so far as the lantern is concerned      with the remark that "altho' this ought to be the first part that      has a general repair, the other part ought not to be entirely neglected      for care should be taken in time to prevent any mischief by securing      them for the present and at a more convenient opportunity to repair      them effectually". My own notes give no indication that Essex,      or any other architect, did replace any of the sixteen shores which      carry the lantern, since all of them appear to have a uniform age and      patination. What he probably did was add the very large quantity of      relat


Who will captain the European team in the 2010 Ryder Cup?

2010 Ryder Cup Points Team Standings (as of 08/01/10) 2010 Ryder Cup Points Team Standings (as of 08/01/10) By Series: Published: Tuesday, August 03, 2010 | 4:34 p.m. Eight U.S. Team members will be determined following the 92nd PGA Championship, Aug. 15, at Whistling Straits in Kohler, Wis.; U.S. Ryder Cup Team Captain Corey Pavin will make his four remaining selections on Sept. 7. U. S. Ryder Cup Qualifications (Captain Corey Pavin) The United States points system will determine the top eight players for the 2010 United States Ryder Cup Team. In addition, Captain Corey Pavin will have four selections on a date to be determined to complete the United States team. Points are based upon the following: Prize money earned in the 2009 major championships (Masters, U.S. Open, British Open and PGA Championship): One point is awarded for every $1,000 earned; all U.S. players making the cut will earn points. Prize money earned in 2010 "Official" events from Jan. 1 through Aug.15: One point is awarded for every $1,000 earned, excluding the major championships, events played opposite major championships and events played opposite World Golf Championships; all U.S. players making the cut will earn points. Prize money earned for the 2010 major championships: (Masters, U.S. Open, British Open, and the PGA Championship). Two points are awarded for every $1,000 earned; all U.S. players making the cut will earn points. Prize money earned in 2010 events played opposite the major championships and opposite World Golf Championship events between Jan. 1 and the PGA Championship, Aug. 16 - one-half point will be awarded for every $1,000 earned; all U.S. players making the cut will earn points. 2010 U.S. RYDER CUP Team Standings Through the Greenbrier Classic (8/1/10) 1. Phil MICKELSON 5,768.74900 18. Bo VAN PELT 2,156.33400 19. Sean O'HAIR 2,122.57468 European Ryder Cup Team Qualifications (Captain Colin Montgomerie) The European Team will be selected employing the following criteria: The leading four players on The Ryder Cup World Points List (1) as of Sunday, August 29, 2010, or at the conclusion of the Johnnie Walker Championship at Gleneagles, whichever is the latter. In the event of a tie (equal number of points accumulated), placings will be decided by the player with the higher ranking on the Official World Golf Ranking as of Monday, August 23, 2010. The leading five players, not otherwise qualified (having selected the four players from The Ryder Cup World Points List) from The Ryder Cup European Points List (2) as of Sunday, August 29, 2010, or at the conclusion of the Johnnie Walker Championship at Gleneagles, whichever is the latter. In the event of a tie (equal number of points accumulated), placings will be decided by the player with the higher ranking on The 2010 Race to Dubai as of August 29, 2010, or at the conclusion of the Johnnie Walker Championship at Gleneagles, whichever is the latter. The Captain, Colin Montgomerie, will choose the remaining three players on Sunday August 29, 2010 following the conclusion of the Johnnie Walker Championship at Gleneagles. The Ryder Cup World Points List is comprised of World Ranking Points won by a European Tour Member from each tournament in which he participates between September 3, 2009 and August 22, 2010 and thereafter in the 2010 Johnnie Walker Championship at Gleneagles. World Ranking Points are allocated to all officially sanctioned tournaments (on any Federated Tour) by the Official World Golf Ranking and are allocated according to the Event Rating of the tournament. The Ryder Cup European Points List is comprised of points (1 point = 1 Euro) earned by a European Tour Member from all officially sanctioned European Tour tournaments on The Race to Dubai between September 3, 2009 and August 29, 2010 or the conclusion of the Johnnie Walker Championship at Gleneagles, whichever is the latter. 2010 EUROPEAN RYDER CUP Team Standings Ryder Cup World Points (Through 8/1/2010) 1. Lee WESTWOOD (ENG) 422.01 2. Rory MCILROY (NIR) 272.45 3. Graeme MCDOWELL (NIR) 245.51 4. Luke DONALD (ENG) 2


Who played the character Solitaire in Live and Let Die?

Solitaire (Jane Seymour) | James Bond Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Solitaire is a fictional character in the James Bond novel and film Live and Let Die . In the film, she was portrayed by Jane Seymour . Contents Film biography Bond meets Solitaire. Solitaire is a psychic in the employ of Dr. Kananga . As James Bond travels to New York by plane, Solitaire describes his journey to Dr. Kananga through the use of Tarot cards. The one drawback to her ability is that she must remain a virgin in order to preserve it. After Bond follows Kananga to the Fillet of Soul restaurant, he meets Solitaire. After a rather brief encounter with Mr. Big, Bond asks Solitaire about his future. When instructed to pick up a card Bond quizzically comments "us?” after picking up the lovers card. When Bond and Rosie Carver visit San Monique, Solitaire tells Kananga the future, once more picking the lovers card in regard to Bond. Later that evening Bond returns to the island. After convincing Solitaire they are meant to be lovers, with odds stacked in his favor, Bond succeeds in seducing her. After losing her virginity to Bond through their sexual intercourse, Solitaire loses her psychic power, which endangers her life. Bond discovers Kananga is hiding vast areas of poppy fields. Bond and Solitaire evade Kananga's men, escaping in Quarrel Jr. 's boat. Bond seduces Solitaire. After arriving in New Orleans , Bond and Solitaire are captured and taken to Mr Big. Before Bond can be given his skydiving lesson without a parachute, he manages to escape. Solitaire is recaptured by Kananga's henchmen and taken back to him. While interrogating Bond at the Fillet of Soul, Kananga demands to know whether he has slept with Solitaire. When 007 refuses to answer, Kananga decides to find out for himself by putting Solitaire's psychic powers to the test. Taking Bond's watch, he reads out what he claims to be its registration number and asks Solitaire to confirm whether he is telling the truth. After some hesitation, she replies, "You speak the truth", prompting a seemingly satisfied Kananga to release Bond. Initially relieved at her narrow escape, she soon learns that she has, in fact, answered incorrectly. When Kananga asks why she allowed herself to be seduced by Bond, Solitaire protests that the cards had spoken and she had no choice in the matter. Unmoved, he slaps her to the floor, sentences her to death and turns her over to Baron Samedi . Kananga demands to know why Solitaire betrayed him. After a raid on the Fillet of Soul, Felix Leiter informs Bond that Kananga has taken Solitaire back to San Monique , leaving behind three Tarot cards: the High Priestess, the Moon and Death. Arriving on San Monique, where a voodoo ceremony is already under way, Bond looks on as Solitaire is led out for sacrifice. Tied to an altar, she watches helplessly as a gleeful Dambala menaces her with the same snake that killed the unfortunate Baines. However, just before it can inflict the fatal bite, Bond interrupts the ceremony, shoots Dambala dead and rescues Solitaire. While attempting to escape, Bond and Solitaire make their way through an underground passageway, which ultimately leads them to Kananga and Whisper . The pair are tied up and left to be eaten by sharks, but Bond manages to free himself and defeat Kananga, allowing the pair to escape once more. Later, on the train, she beats Bond at gin rummy and tries to have a quiet night before Tee Hee traps her in the bed, believing Bond did it. After Bond kills Tee Hee, he rescues her out of the bed and they soon make out. Gallery Add a photo to this gallery Trivia


Which number in Pennsylvania Avenue is The White House?

Write or Call the White House | whitehouse.gov Latest News Read the latest blog posts from 1600 Pennsylvania Ave Share-Worthy Check out the most popular infographics and videos Photos View the photo of the day and other galleries Video Gallery Watch behind-the-scenes videos and more Live Events Tune in to White House events and statements as they happen Music & Arts Performances See the lineup of artists and performers at the White House From the Press Office


Which fictional detective lived at 110A Piccadilly, W1?

Heavenly Worldliness: 10 Fictional Addresses of 10 Fictional Detectives CHBC Sermons Bonhoeffer uses a similar phrase 'worldly Christianity'. It's J Gresham Machen that I want to line up most closely with. See his Christianity and culture here . Having done commentaries on Proverbs (Heavenly Wisdom) and Song of Songs (Heavenly Love), a matching title for Ecclesiastes would be Heavenly Worldliness. For my stance on worldliness, see 3 posts here . 10 Fictional Addresses of 10 Fictional Detectives 1. Sherlock Holmes, 221B Baker St, London W1, England (Arthur Conan Doyle) 2. Hercule Poirot, 56B Whitehaven Mansions, Sandhurst Square, London W1, England (Agatha Christie) 3. Miss Marple, Danemead, High Street, St Mary Mead, England (Agatha Christie) 4. Jules Maigret, 132 Boulevard Richard-Lenoir, Paris, France (Georges Simenon) 5. Sam Spade, 891 Post St, San Franciso, CA, USA (Dashiell Hammett) 6. Philip Marlowe, #615 Cahuenga Bldg, Hollywood Blvd, LA CA, USA (Raymond Chandler) 7. John Rebus, 17 Arden Street, St Leonards, Edinburgh, Scotland (Ian Rankin) 8. Lord Peter Wimsey, 110A Piccadilly, London W1 and Bredon Hall, Duke's Denver, Norfolk, England (Dorothy L Sayers) 9. Brother Cadfael, Shrewsbury Abbey, Shrewsbury, Salop, England (Ellis Peters) 10. Albert Campion, 17a Bottle St, Piccadilly, London W1, England (Marjorie Allingham) :


Who played Private Joe Walker in Dad’s Army?

James Beck: the Dad’s Army star cut off in his prime - Telegraph James Beck: the Dad’s Army star cut off in his prime James Beck, aka Dad's Army's Private Walker, died 40 years ago today. Neil  Clark pays tribute. James Beck in Dad's Army Photo: Rex By Neil Clark 7:00AM BST 06 Aug 2013 On 6 August 1973, James Beck, who played the Cockney spiv Private Walker in Dad’s Army, died at the age of 44. Ironically, he was the first member of the predominantly elderly ensemble to die. A highly accomplished actor, it seemed that he was set for a successful career as a character player. However, an addiction to alcohol cost him his life. James “Jimmy” Beck was born in Islington in 1929, the son of a tram driver. He left home at 17 and, after National Service, he pursued a career in the theatre, eventually winning a contract with the York Theatre Company. His breakthrough came in 1968, when he was cast as Private Joe Walker in a new BBC sitcom about the Home Guard. Jimmy Perry, who created Dad’s Army with co-writer David Croft, originally planned the role for himself, but was persuaded against performing in his own show. “Michael Mills, the head of BBC Comedy said to me: ‘Dear boy, you’ve got to decide which end of the camera you want to be on’,” Perry recalls. “David Croft wisely said that if you’re going to write and perform in it too it might create a difficult atmosphere with the rest of the cast. David had worked with Jimmy before and thought he’d be right for the part. I didn’t know him from a bar of soap.” The casting of Beck, like the other casting choices in Dad’s Army, proved to be inspired. “He was very good,” says Perry. “He had the right mix of cheekiness and charm. He gave the role a bit of oomph.” Everyone loved Jimmy Beck. “He was a nice person to get along with – one enjoyed his company,” recalls Frank Williams who played the Vicar. Related Articles 'A modern Dad’s Army? Stupid boy...' 14 Nov 2012 “He was the person closest to my own age so I had a particular affinity with him,” says Ian Lavender who played Private Pike and who, together with Williams, is the only surviving regular cast member. “He was a very good actor and a popular one – which doesn’t always go together.” Beck’s career was at its height at the start of 1973. Dad’s Army was becoming increasingly popular and he had won the lead role in an ITV sitcom called Romany Jones. He had also recently co-starred with Arthur Lowe (Dad’s Army’s Captain Mainwaring) in the pilot of a new BBC sitcom, Bunclarke With an E, based on adapted scripts from Hancock’s Half Hour. In August, he was due to appear in a TV play called The Village Concert. The last time his Dad’s Army co-stars saw him alive was on Friday 13th July at the Playhouse Theatre in London where he recorded two radio episodes of Dad’s Army (which ran alongside the TV series). The following afternoon Beck was opening a school fête when he suddenly became ill and had to be taken home by his wife Kay. He was then rushed to hospital where he lost consciousness. He died three weeks later, due to a combination of heart failure, renal failure and pancreatitis. “It was a terrible shock” says Jimmy Perry. “We all knew he was a heavy drinker, but we didn’t bother much about it. There were a lot of heavy drinkers about in the business in those days. The only time I thought there might be something seriously wrong was when we were shooting the outdoor scenes for an episode in which the platoon were being chased by a pack of bloodhounds and Captain Mainwaring got them to take off their boots and socks and roll up their trousers. I saw Jimmy’s legs and they were purple. It was the last episode he appeared in before he died.” At the suggestion of Kay, Lavender took over Beck’s part in The Village Concert. “The recording took place on the day of Jimmy’s funeral. It was all very sad,” says Lavender. What might Beck have achieved had he lived? He had received a congratulatory letter from Laurence Olivier for his portrayal of Archie Rice in The Entertainer and Beck was keen to stretch himself professionally. Williams rem


Rain was the B-side of which Beatles single?

Rain | The Beatles "Eleanor Rigby" / "Yellow Submarine" (1966) "Rain" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, credited to Lennon–McCartney and first released in June 1966 as the B-side of the "Paperback Writer" single. Both songs were recorded during the sessions for the album Revolver though neither appears on that album. Written by John Lennon, "Rain" has been called the Beatles' finest B-side, noted for its slowed-down rhythm track and backwards vocals, both of which were a hint of things to come on Revolver, released two months later. Three promotional films were made for the song "Rain". These videos, along with other Beatles videos at the time, sparked George Harrison to say during the Beatles Anthology, "So I suppose, in a way, we invented MTV." Please note the text from Wikipedia is imported without editing or authentication. *


“Wish You Were Here” are a tribute band for which group?

WISH YOU WERE HERE - The Sight & Sound of Pink Floyd SATURDAY            MARCH 4 - AKRON            CIVIC THEATRE AKRON, OH PERFORMING            ANIMALS IN ITS ENTIRETY PLUS PINK FLOYD CLASSICS, HITS AND OBSCURITIES follow            us on facebook DOWNLOAD            THE PRINTABLE EROC & JIM FALL 2016 GIG SCHEDULE HERE ---------------------------------------------- The ACOUSTIC SIDE Of The MOON - The PINK FLOYD UNPLUGGED Tribute - Featuring members of WISH YOU WERE HERE


The Ohm are a tribute band to which group?

Band Members - Rain Tour - A Tribute to the beatles Aaron Chiazza (Drums, Percussion, Vocals) Aaron Chiazza began playing music at the young age of 5 when his parents gifted him a drumset.  This drumset did not last long under the strength of a kindergartner and eventually he moved into a full size instrument by early elementary school.  Early yet important musical influences stemmed from a blend of past era funk, soul, jazz, rock, and others.  From there he went on to study music in an academic setting through highschool and college participating in Jazz, Symphonic, and percussion ensembles.  Amongst tossing up time between original projects, writing and shows, Aaron also loves being an audio engineer and artist.  You can follow his work and ventures with RAIN on his website - www.AaronChiazza.com Jimmy Irizarry (Vocals, Rhythm Guitar, Piano, Harmonica) is from Chicago, IL and began singing and playing the music of his favorite band, The Beatles, at the age of 12. He performed in local Chicago Beatle bands and learned the harmonica to master some of his early Beatle favorites.  Years later Jim visited Liverpool for Beatle Week and made several appearances at the Cavern Club. He naturally captures the look and sound of Lennon and transforms himself through all eras of The Beatles as well as recreating John’s famous humor and onstage antics. Joey Curatolo (Vocals, Bass, Piano, Guitar) Joey grew up in a Brooklyn household where classical music and opera formed the soundtrack. A natural musician, he was infatuated with The Beatles, taught himself guitar at age 10 and played piano by ear at 16. After winning multiple McCartney sound-alike contests, Joey toured with the Broadway production of Beatlemania. He joined RAIN shortly after, and helped transform the band into the multi-media production it is today. In addition, he is an active singer/songwriter and studio musician. His original Christmas song “Wishing You A Very Merry Christmas” is featured on Broadway’s Carols for A Cure Volume 12 (to benefit BC/EFA) as well as the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation “Hope for the Holidays” charity album.  When Universal Pictures needed a McCartney sound, they contacted Joey to record the song “Love Take Me Down” for the motion picture comedy “Role Models.”  For Joey, performing on Broadway is a dream come true. Joe Bithorn (Vocals, Lead Guitar) Joe Bithorn grew up in Manhattan and Long Island where he was exposed to a variety of music including jazz, Latin, classical and more. By age 3, his musical father taught the children how to sing harmony.  He was profoundly influenced by the experiences he had at Carnegie Hall through his Mom who worked with the Festival Casals. Thanks to The Beatles appearance on Ed Sullivan, Joe took a strong interest in the guitar. Early influences include the band Cream and Joe developed the ability to learn guitar parts by ear by age 14. By age 16, Joe was so proficient that he was recruited for studio sessions.  While in high school, Joe and his brother formed The Bithorn Brothers Band, performing the early music of the Allman Brothers Band. Joe heard about an audition for Beatlemania, and was hired for the touring production as George. After touring with the show in North America, Joe joined RAIN in 1983 and has been touring the world ever since. Ralph Castelli (Drums, Percussion, Vocals) Ralph Castelli, was born and raised in southern California, surrounded by a musically talented family, and by age six became passionate about playing drums. On that momentous night in February, 1964 when The Beatles first appeared on the Ed Sullivan Show, Ralph was hypnotized and knew playing drums was what he was born to do. Captivated by Ringo Starr and The Beatles that night, Ralph’s excitement continued to grow and his dream would eventually become his reality. After touring and performing with numerous bands and pursuing his acting career, Ralph landed the role of Ringo Starr in the touring production of Beatlemania and was also cast as Ringo in ”Beatlemania: The Movie.”  His talent, drum techniques, humor, s


What structures appear on the reverse sides of all Euro banknotes?

Euro coins and banknotes | SEB Euro coins and banknotes Eighteen Eurozone countries have released euro cash – euro banknotes and coins – into circulation. Euro currency circulates in euro banknotes of 7 denominations and euro coins of 8 denominations.     Banknotes Euro banknotes in each of the fifteen Eurozone countries are identical. Euro banknotes come in 7 denominations: €5, €10, €20, €50, €100, €200 and €500. Each denomination banknote is different in colour and in size. The higher the denomination, the larger the banknote in size. The obverse (front side) of the banknotes features windows or gateways symbolising the spirit of openness. The reverse bears different bridges symbolising European nations’ mutual cooperation as well as cooperation between Europe and the whole world. 5 euros Size: 120 x 62 mm Colour: Grey Size: 120 x 62 mm Colour: Grey Date of issuance: 2 May 2013   Size: 127 x 67 mm Colour: Red Size: 127 x 67 mm Colour: Red Date of issuance: 23 September 2014   Size: 133 x 72 mm Colour: Blue Size: 140 x 77 mm Colour: Orange Size: 147 x 82 mm Colour: Green Architectural style: Baroque and rococo   Size: 153 x 82 mm Colour: Yellow-brown Architectural style: 19th century architecture   Size: 160 x 82 mm Colour: Purple Architectural style: Modern 20th century architecture   Euro coins Euro coins are of the following denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 euro cents and 1 and 2 euros (1 euro equals 100 euro cents). The coins are different in size, weight, shape, alloy composition. Higher denominations coins – €1 and €2 are bi-metallic (silver and yellow colour). Average denomination coins – 10, 20 and 50 euro cents – are yellow, and small denomination coins – 1, 2 and 5 euro cents – are red (copper colour). Euro coins have the common side and the national side, the latter being country-specific. The common side is of identical design and symbolises the idea of common Europe, and the national side is different depending on a country. All euro coins regardless of their different reverse side are equally valid all throughout the Eurozone. 2 euros


According to the Old Testament, who invented wine?

Wine in the Bible A CONSIDERATION OF THE USE OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES FROM A BIBLE STANDPOINT J. H. Kellogg, M.D. 'And be not drunk with wine. wherein is excess but be filled with the Spirit." Eph. 5: 18 WINE AND THE BIBLE. Perversion of Scripture Among civilized nations, the Bible is almost universally admitted to be at least an admirable code of morals, even by those who do not regard it as an inspired book. An authority held in such high esteem would necessarily have very great influence in molding the judgments of men and forming their opinions. It is for the purpose of gaining the support of this generally accepted authority that the adherents of any special theory or doctrine appeal to the Scriptures for testimony in favor of the same. It need not be at all surprising, then, that the language of Holy Writ should often be grossly perverted by enthusiasts and unscrupulous persons in their attempts to find for their pet theories the needed endorsement. Illustrations of this use of the Scriptures are very abundant. A large class of modern agitators who call themselves "social reformers," and have made themselves notorious by the laxity of morals advocated and practicing by them, claim to find in the Word of God license for their immorality. Polygamists, likewise, appeal to inspiration in support of their unchristian practice. Only a few years ago, American slavery received from thousands of pulpits a most vigorous support, which claimed to have the sanction of divine authority. At the present time there is a powerful party which claims that the use of fermented, or intoxicating, liquors is permitted and even sanctioned by the Bible. This party is headed by a few eminent scholars and clergymen, who are chiefly supported by a promiscuous throng of respectable moderate drinkers, rich rumsellers, and gutter drunkards. If it can be proven that the Bible favors the use of intoxicating drinks in any degree, then the infidel has placed in his hands a most powerful weapon with which to attack the authenticity and sacredness of the Scriptures. If, on the other hand, it can be shown that there is no such conflict between science and common sense and inspiration, then the difficulty vanishes. A careful examination of the subject will convince any candid man that the support which the advocates of the use of liquor claim to derive from the Bible is wholly imaginary; and that the use which is made of the Scriptures in defense of intemperance is a most flagrant perversion of the language and import of inspiration. The Bible in Harmony with Science Inspiration, true science, and sound common sense always agree. Any apparent conflict arises either from a misunderstanding of the meaning of the language employed, or from an imperfect knowledge of the scientific facts supposed to necessitate a disagreement Science says distinctly and unequivocally, all fermented drinks contain alcohol; alcohol is a poison under all circumstances and in all doses. The decision of science is sustained by that of reason; for common sense teaches that a substance with properties like those possessed by alcohol can be nothing else than poisonous. If it is true that the Bible teaches that alcohol-- in the form of wine, or otherwise--- is good and harmless, then it will be made to appear that inspiration is less wise than reason and science; that man, the creature, has outstripped the Creator in knowledge. Such a conclusion, though correctly drawn from the premises, is too absurd for belief by one who has a modicum of faith in inspiration; and its manifest falsity would seem to be sufficient to fully expose the weakness of those who would make the Bible responsible for intemperance. The utter worthlessness of all arguments in favor of the use of alcoholic drinks founded on the Bible becomes still more apparent by a careful examination of the character of the wines mentioned in the Bible, and a consideration in detail of the texts which are claimed to be favorable to the use of alcoholic liquors. Two Kinds of Wine Recognized in the Bible It is undoubtedly true that