The town of Fray Bentos, after which the meat products brand was named, is in what country?

BBC NEWS | Americas | Uruguay serves up slice of history Uruguay serves up slice of history By Veronica Psetizki Fray Bentos, Uruguay Fray Bentos: The town was once known as "Kitchen of the World" After many years the small western Uruguayan town of Fray Bentos is once again exporting the product that gave it name recognition around the world: corned beef. Initially manufactured for the working classes, the tinned cooked meat became a staple for many people in Britain and continental Europe. "I was brought up on it. I remember eating corned beef until it came out of my ears," said Prince Charles during a visit to Uruguay in 1999. Fray Bentos is the original location of the main factory of the German-British Liebig Extract of Meat Company. Established in 1863, it produced meat extract, tinned beef and by-products. The factory exported its goods around the world Renamed the Anglo Meatpacking plant in 1924, the factory fed generations of Europeans and allied troops during World War I and II. Such was its importance as a food exporter that the town was once known as "The Kitchen of the World". "Not only did our products fill European stomachs; they also got into European hearts and minds," said historian Rene Boretto, director of the Museum of the Industrial Revolution, which is on the site of the former abattoir. "In World War I, soldiers would say 'Fray Bentos' to indicate that something was good, the same way we nowadays say OK, " Mr Boretto said. Further proof of the product's impact, he said, was the fact that during that war, when there were only a few tanks, British soldiers named one of them "Fray Bentos" because inside it they felt like tinned meat. Family history Thirty years after the closure of the Anglo Meatpacking Plant, the Brazilian-owned Marfrig Group is producing corned beef in Fray Bentos once again and exporting it to Britain. Exports to the United States were set to start at the end of October. Julio Bonizzi, Marfrig's plant manager, said the company was already producing corned beef at its Brazilian plants but decided that Fray Bentos offered an inexpensive and simple way to expand production capacity. "The opening of this plant has a double meaning for us," said Omar Lafluf, the local mayor. "First, we are resuming production of a staple that made us world pioneers, and that gave global recognition to this town. Second, it provides an important source of jobs, employing more than 100 people." Residents of this small Uruguayan town, which has a population of 23,000, are proud to have recovered the industry that put them on the world map and employed several generations of fraybentinos. "I work in the labelling department, doing the same job my husband's grandmother did at the Anglo," said Leticia Martinez at Marfrig's plant. In its heyday, the Anglo factory employed several thousand people Her husband, Marcelo Da Rocha, says that corned beef gave jobs to his whole family: he, his brothers, cousins, uncles and grandparents have all worked in meat processing. Recalling his days at the Anglo, where he began work at age 14, Norberto Bordoli, now 84, said the factory attracted employees from afar. "Workers came from almost 60 countries. My grandfather came from Italy to work here, and I worked at the plant until it closed." The end of the WWII, coupled with both Europe's economic recovery and outdated equipment at the plant, led to the factory's closure in 1979, explains historian Rene Boretto. Minus the moo Although the opening of the new plant is good news for the town, it is far smaller than its predecessor, the Anglo. In its heyday in the 1940s, 5,000 people worked in the five-storey building. More than 200 types of tinned and processed food were produced, not only meat by-products but also vegetables, sweets and jams. The new plant's Brazilian owners think Fray Bentos is an ideal location "Every day, 1,600 cows, 6,400 lambs and hundreds of pigs and turkeys were slaughtered. The smell was very intense in the whole city," recalls Mr Bordoli. According to Mr Boretto, "The only part of the cow that we


Cedi is the basic monetary unit of which African country?

Ghana:   Maps, History, Geography, Government, Culture, Facts, Guide & Travel/Holidays/Cities Military Rule Gives Way to Civilian Government and Stability Geography A West African country bordering on the Gulf of   Guinea, Ghana is bounded by Côte d'Ivoire to the west, Burkina Faso   to the north, Togo to the east, and the Atlantic Ocean to the south. It   compares in size to Oregon, and its largest river is the Volta. Government Constitutional democracy. History Several major civilizations flourished in the   general region of what is now Ghana. The ancient empire of Ghana (located   500 mi northwest of the contemporary state) reigned until the 13th   century. The Akan peoples established the next major civilization,   beginning in the 13th century, and then the Ashanti empire flourished in   the 18th and 19th centuries. Called the Gold Coast, the area was first seen   by Portuguese traders in 1470. They were followed by the English (1553),   the Dutch (1595), and the Swedes (1640). British rule over the Gold Coast   began in 1820, but it was not until after quelling the severe resistance   of the Ashanti in 1901 that it was firmly established. British Togoland,   formerly a colony of Germany, was incorporated into Ghana by referendum in   1956. Created as an independent country on March 6, 1957, Ghana, as the   result of a plebiscite, became a republic on July 1, 1960. Premier Kwame Nkrumah attempted to take   leadership of the Pan-African Movement, holding the All-African People's   Congress in his capital, Accra, in 1958 and organizing the Union of   African States with Guinea and Mali in 1961. But he oriented his country   toward the Soviet Union and China and built an autocratic rule over all   aspects of Ghanaian life. In Feb. 1966, while Nkrumah was visiting Beijing   and Hanoi, he was deposed by a military coup led by Gen. Emmanuel K.   Kotoka.


What was the name of the ship on which Charles Darwin set sail on his voyage around the world in 1831?

Description Published date: 7 October 2009 In 1831, in his twenties and fresh out of university, Charles Darwin set sail aboard HMS Beagle on the expedition of a lifetime, into literally uncharted waters and a series of discoveries that would form the basis of his later pioneering work on the origin of species. Join the Past Masters team as we delve into the Archives to find out where Darwin went, what life on the Beagle was like and to discover how the most exciting gap year in history went on to change the face of science. Further Information You can also read more of Darwin’s letters at the Darwin Correspondence Project and all his published works (including the complete Beagle diary) at The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online . Aboutdarwin.com is an excellent online introduction to Darwin’s life and scientific work. COPY 1/57/225 Transcription Bob: Hi there, welcome to Past Masters, from the National Archives in London. I’m Bob and this is- Jo: Jo Bob: And this is the very first episode in a new series of podcasts where each month we will take a look at a different historical event with the help of a few items from the staggering 178 kilometres of collections we have here at the Archives. Do you want to tell the listening world what we’ve got in store for them? Jo: Pfff. Gosh. Love letters, secret service files, six million maps, Christmas cards, photographs, bar bills, signed confessions, lost property- Bob: I meant this month. Jo: Ah, oh yes. This month we are going back to the 1830s. In December 1831, Charles Darwin accepted his first job out of university and at 22 set sail aboard HMS Beagle for South America. Bob: 22? It’s really hard to think of him being young. Jo: You need to get those old beardy pictures out of your head. This might be the most important gap year in history. In five years away from home Darwin ate armadillo in Patagonia, made Chilean girls blush, took hallucinogenic drugs, met the Queen of Tahiti, saw cities destroyed and collected plants and animals previously unknown to science. Bob: Not all at the same time. Jo: The voyage makes Darwin question some of the most basic scientific principles of his age; ultimately he goes on to rewrite not only science but the whole of human history. Bob: I’ve got a bunch of stuff from the Archive. Jo: And so have I. Bob: And between us and our very talented actors reading from documents from inside and outside the Archives, we are going to try to find out what life aboard the Beagle was like and exactly how the voyage influenced Darwin’s ideas. I’m ready for some titles, I don’t know about you. Jo: Absolutely. [Titles] Bob: So what was Darwin doing on the Beagle in the first place? Jo: Usually the Ship’s Surgeon is in charge of the science aboard ship. He would be the one to collect and examine the plant and animal species that the ship might come across. But Robert Fitzroy, Captain of the Beagle doesn’t rate his surgeon. He wants a University trained expert aboard. Partly it’s to keep him company. Bob: Ah, the loneliness of command. Jo: Pretty much. Halfway through the Beagle’s first surveying mission Captain Stokes locked the door to his cabin and shot himself in the head. It wasn’t a clean shot and he took almost two weeks to die. Fitzroy doesn’t want to go the same way. Bob: Can’t blame him. Quick change of subject. What’s in those big blue boxes you brought in? Jo: If I undo these fastenings and pull one out you can see the original handwritten Captain’s Logs of the Beagle. Bob: Oh wow, so what is Captain Fitzroy writing about? His fiancée in England? Jo: It’s not exactly that sort of log. Bob: You mean, he’s not pouring his heart out to it every night? Jo: No. It’s mainly a very precise record of exactly where the ship sails and the sailing conditions: bearings, wind speed and direction, adjustments to the sails. That sort of thing. Bob: It’s an official document for the admiralty? Jo: Yes. But it also shows the pattern of daily life on board ship. And you get a real sense of Fitzroy’s personality from a log entry like: Fitzroy: Captain’s Log, Mond


Who wrote the best selling book The Tipping Point?

Key lessons from The Tipping Point Who should read these blinks? Anyone who is interested in the way ideas spread Anyone who wants to learn how social epidemics break out Anyone who works in marketing, advertising or a related field Who wrote the book? Malcolm Gladwell is a journalist and the author of five best-selling books, including Blink: The Power of Thinking Without Thinking and Outliers: The Story of Success. Big ideas in small packages


What is the name of the largest island of Japan?

The Four Largest Islands of Japan | USA Today The Four Largest Islands of Japan Osaka, in Honshu, circa 1830 (Photo: Photos.com/Photos.com/Getty Images ) How to Go to Japan for Vacation The Japanese archipelago consists of thousands of islands, but the Japan of world maps -- the bow-shaped country in the Pacific curling around the east coast of continental Asia -- is made up of four main islands: Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu and Shikoku. Honshu is the largest, roughly the size of Minnesota, followed by Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku. Each island offers something a little different for the tourist, but the four are unified by Japan's technology and hospitality. Honshu When you look at a map of Japan, you can see the divides between its four main land masses. Honshu is central, with Tokyo in the central part of the island. The main island is also home Osaka, Kobe, Kyoto and Nagoya, and the majority of Japan's population lives here. Most international flights to Japan arrive through Tokyo or Osaka, so Honshu is the most frequently visited island, partly by default. Its large cities take some getting used to for the traveler, but with great reward. Starting a Honshu trip in Osaka makes sense, as Kobe, Kyoto and the spectacular Nara are only an hour away by train, some high-speed, some commuter. All major cities in Honshu are connected by rail, though flying on the longer trips -- Hiroshima to Tokyo, for example -- might be more economical. Hokkaido Hokkaido is the dot on the Japanese "j," the second-largest and northernmost island. Hokkaido's largest city is Sapporo, where the well known Japanese beer of the same name comes from, and most Hokkaido vacations begin here. The island is known for its natural landscape, with an abundance of national parks and festivals celebrating its earthly beauty. Hokkaido's Winter Festival brings visitors from around the world and around Japan to the region each year, and the Hokkaido's mountains draw skiers and snowboarders to their deep, pristine powder. Kyushu Kyushu is Japan's third-largest island and the southernmost of the main four. Despite being separated by a small gulf from Honshu, Kyushu is well-connected by rail and bus service to Honshu. Kyushu's largest city is Fukuoka, the fourth-largest city in Japan, an industrial metropolis on the northern edge of Kyushu. While Fukuoka is the central hub of the island, it's by no means the most interesting city. Nagasaki is smaller, but quaint, with old stone streets, trolleys, shopping and museums. Kumamoto, two hours south of Fukuoka, is an old fortress city, with one of Japan's oldest and best-maintained feudal castles and walls evoking the Japan of the nation's nightly historical dramas. Shikoku The smallest of Japan's four main islands, Shikoku has a bit of a little-sibling complex. It doesn't boast mountains as big as those in northern Honshu or Hokkaido, and it doesn't have the same near-tropical climate as southern Kyushu. So Shikoku is modest, offering tourists a tamer version of the busier tourist regions of Japan. Its natural scenery is its key draw, with smallish mountains under 6,000 feet that appeal to outdoors enthusiasts in moderate physical shape. Each year, Shikoku is home to a Buddhist pilgrimage, as pilgrims, mostly from around Japan, come to circumnavigate the island. In the past, pilgrims walked clockwise around the island and some disappeared forever in the mountainside forests; now, motorways and cell phones make disappearing almost impossible, but the festival remains strongly rooted in the Shikoku consciousness. References


Harry Longbaugh was better known by what name?

Harry Alonzo Longabaugh (1867 - c.1908) - Genealogy Harry Alonzo Longabaugh in Pueblo de San Vicente, (Present Municipio de Tupiza), (Present Departamento de Potosí), Bolivia Cause of death: Gunned down by several Bolivian officials and 3 soldiers Place of Burial: Pueblo de San Vicente, (Present Municipio de Tupiza), (Present Departamento de Potosí), Bolivia Immediate Family: Between 1866 and 1868 - Mont Clare, Montgomery, Pennsylvania, United States Death: Josiah Longabaugh, Annie G Longabaugh (born Place) Spouses: Annie Marie Longabaugh (born Thayne), Etta Longabaugh (born Place) Son: 1867 - Mont Clare, Pennsylvania, United States Death: Josiah Longabaugh, Annie G Place Brother: Nov 8 1908 - San Vicente, Bolivia, South America Parents: Josiah Longabaugh, Annie G. Longabaugh (born Place) Siblings: 1867 - Mont Clare, Montgomery, Pennsylvania, USA Death: Circa 1867 - Mont Clare, Montgomery, Pennsylvania, USA Death: Nov 8 1908 - San Vicente, Chuquisaca, Bolivia Parents: Josiah Longabaugh, Annie G Longabaugh (born Place) Siblings: 1867 - Mont Clare, Montgomery, Pennsylvania, USA Death: Nov 8 1908 - San Vicente, Bolivia, South America Parents: Josiah Longabaugh, Annie G. Longabaugh (born Place) Siblings: Nov 8 1908 - San Vicente, Bolivia, South America Parents: Josiah Longabaugh, Annie G. Longabaugh (born Place) Siblings: Harry Alonzo Longabaugh (1867 - November 6, 1908?), sometimes spelled Longbaugh, born in Mont Clare, Pennsylvania, also known as the Sundance Kid, was an outlaw and member of Butch Cassidy's Wild Bunch, in the American Old West. For the story of his wife, Etta Place, open her attached profile or go here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etta_Place Notoriety, riding with Butch Cassidy In 1887, Harry Longabaugh was convicted of horse theft and sentenced to 18 months in the Sundance, Wyoming, jail. Because of this jail time he was called the Sundance Kid. Longabaugh likely met Butch Cassidy (real name Robert Leroy Parker) sometime after Parker was released from prison around 1896. Together with the other members of "The Wild Bunch" gang, they performed the longest string of successful train and bank robberies in American and Old West history. Little is known of Longabaugh's exploits prior to his riding with Parker. However, this is known: in 1891 Harry Longabaugh was a 25-year-old ranch hand working at the Bar U Ranch in Alberta, Canada. The Bar U was one of the largest commercial ranches of the time. Although Longabaugh was reportedly fast with a gun and often referred to as a "gunfighter", he is not known to have killed anyone prior to a later shootout in Bolivia, where he and Parker were alleged to have been killed. He became better known than another outlaw member of the gang dubbed "Kid", Kid Curry (real name Harvey Logan), who killed numerous men while with the gang. It is possible that often the "Sundance Kid" was mistaken for "Kid Curry", since many articles referred to "the Kid". Longabaugh did participate in a shootout with lawmen who trailed a gang led by George Curry to the Hole-in-the-Wall hideout in Wyoming and was thought to have wounded two lawmen in that shootout. With that exception, though, his verified involvement in shootouts is unknown. Longabaugh and Logan used a log cabin at what is now Old Trail Town in Cody, Wyoming, as a hide-out before they robbed a bank in Red Lodge, Montana. Parker, Longabaugh and other desperados met at another cabin brought to Old Trail Town from the Hole-in-the-Wall country in north central Wyoming. That cabin was built in 1883 by Alexander Ghent. Historically, the gang was for a time best known for their lack of violence during the course of their robberies, relying heavily on intimidation and negotiation, but nevertheless if captured they would have faced hanging. However, that portrayal of the gang is less than accurate and mostly a result of Hollywood portrayals depicting them as usually "non-violent". In reality, several people were killed by members of the gang, including five law enforcement officers killed by Logan alone. "Wanted dead or alive" posters wer


Which common chemical element has the atomic number 20?

What Are the First 20 Elements? - Names and Symbols What Are the First 20 Elements? Periodic Table and the Elements What Are the First 20 Elements? Hydrogen is the first element on the periodic table. It's also the most abundant element in the universe.  Science Picture Co / Getty Images Updated June 13, 2016. Question: What Are the First 20 Elements? One common chemistry assignment is to name or even memorize the first 20 elements and their symbols. The elements are ordered in the periodic table according to increasing atomic number . This is also the number of protons in each atom. Answer: These are the first 20 elements, listed in order: 1 - H - Hydrogen 20 - Ca - Calcium What Is a Chemical Element? In order to be an element, a substance has to at least have protons, since these particles define the type of element. Most elements consist of atoms, which contain a nucleus of protons and neutrons surrounded by a cloud or shell of electrons. Elements are considered the basic building blocks of matter because they are the simplest form of matter that cannot be divided using any chemical means. continue reading below our video 10 Facts About the Titanic That You Don't Know Learn More


For which film did Henry Fonda win his best actor Oscar?

Henry Fonda - Awards - IMDb Henry Fonda Showing all 15 wins and 15 nominations Academy Awards, USA On Golden Pond (1981) Henry Fonda was not present at the awards ceremony. His daughter and co-star Jane Fonda accepted ... More Henry Fonda was not present at the awards ceremony. His daughter and co-star Jane Fonda accepted the award on his behalf.


What is the name of the carnival held in some countries on Shrove Tuesday?

Carnival/Shrove Tuesday Home   Calendar   Holidays   Carnival/Shrove Tuesday Carnival/Shrove Tuesday Shrove Tuesday is the last day before the long fast for the Lent period in many Christian churches. The day is the day before Ash Wednesday and usually falls between February 3 and March 9. It has many names, including Fat Tuesday, Mardi Gras, the Tuesday of Carnival, and Pancake Day. Colorful masks, elaborate costumes, parades and large crowds are all part of the Carnival festivities, also known as Mardi Gras, on Shrove Tuesday. Colorful masks, elaborate costumes, parades and large crowds are all part of the Carnival festivities, also known as Mardi Gras, on Shrove Tuesday. ©iStockphoto.com/Michael Funk What Do People Do? Shrove Tuesday is observed in many ways worldwide. It is known as Mardi Gras, or Fat Tuesday, in countries such as France and the United States. No matter what its name is, the day before Ash Wednesday has long been a time for eating and merry making. The world's longest Carnival celebration is in Brazil but many regions have popular events on the day. The Mardi Gras parade in New Orleans is typical of the masquerades and dancing in the streets that take place in many countries on this day as people prepare for the long Lenten fast. Mardi Gras (Fat Tuesday) festivities are particularly colorful in French cities such as Cannes, Grasse, and Nice. Celebrations feature grand parades of flower covered floats with giant figures. People are dressed in costumes and confetti is thrown as an expression of merriment or joy. A grotesque effigy that represents evil is burned at the end of the day. It is also traditional in many parts of France to eat a large meal that includes crepes or waffles. Some people in the United Kingdom celebrate the day, known as Pancake Day, with games and races that involve tossing pancakes in the air. People in some parts of northern Sweden eat a meat stew on Shrove Tuesday, while those in the south eat “Shrove Tuesday buns” called semlor, which are filled with almond paste and topped with whipped cream. This day is known as Carnival Tuesday in places such as Trinidad and Tobago where many people plan the event well ahead of time. Musical competitions, elaborate costumes and specific characters dedicated to Carnival are some of the major highlights of this annual event. Many people in Haiti see the day as the biggest celebration of the year. Music, food and cultural shows are all part of the day. Shrove Tuesday in Lithuania is a folk celebration to rejoice end of winter. During this celebration attention is concentrated on chasing away winter with all its “evils”. It is also observed in other European countries such as the Czech Republic, Shrovetide processions are still part of folklore celebrations. Children in countries such as Estonia and Finland enjoy the day outdoors on Shrove Tuesday, mainly engaging in activities such as sledding. A typical Finnish meal on this day may include pea soup and blini, or rich pancakes, served with caviar and Smetana, a kind of sour milk. Public Life Shrove Tuesday, or Carnival Tuesday, is a public holiday in places such as Haiti, Liechtenstein (although the date differs), Panama, Portugal, and Venezuela. It is a holiday that may be restricted to government and/or bank employees, as well as some businesses, in places such as Angola, Dominica, Ecuador, and Trinidad and Tobago. It is an optional day off without pay in Brazil and it is not an official public holiday in French Guiana but it is a customary day off for workers. It is a public holiday in some parts of the United States , but not in the United Kingdom , Canada or Australia although there are many festivities related to this holiday on the day. Background The name Shrove Tuesday is derived from the Christian custom of confessing sins and being absolved just before Lent. Shrove Tuesday was traditionally a time to use up all the milk, butter and eggs left in the kitchen. These ingredients were often used to make pancakes, which is why the English call it Pancake Day. In early England, people wer


Who was the British nurse arrested in Brussels and shot by firing squad in 1915 on suspicion of helping Allied solders to escape?

Edith Cavell 1865-1915 | Commemorating Edith Cavell, the World War I British nurse who is celebrated for saving the lives of soldiers in Brussels from all sides without distinction. Commemorating Edith Cavell, the World War I British nurse who is celebrated for saving the lives of soldiers in Brussels from all sides without distinction. Menu Contact Welcome Welcome to edithcavell.org.uk, commemorating Edith Cavell, the World War I British nurse who is celebrated for saving the lives of soldiers in Brussels from all sides without distinction. She and Belgian and French colleagues helped over 200 Allied soldiers escape from German-occupied Belgium. She was arrested, tried with 33 others by a German military court, found guilty of ‘assisting men to the enemy’ and shot by a German firing squad on October 12 1915. This is one of the most extensive sites dedicated to Nurse Edith Cavell, and contains much exclusive material. Please explore the site using the menus at the top of each page. This year (2016) a number of events have been planned to mark the 101st anniversary of Edith’s death. Please click here for more information. Thank you for calling by – do contact us via the contact page . Your comments would be most welcome. Standing as I do in view of God and eternity, I realise that patriotism is not enough. I must have no hatred or bitterness towards anyone. Edith Louisa Cavell, October 11th 1915


What object officially joined our solar system on 1st May 1930?

Pluto and the Solar System | IAU Pluto and the Solar System Pluto and the Developing Landscape of Our Solar System The discovery of Pluto Nearly eighty years ago an astronomer working at the Lowell Observatory in the United States made a discovery that would ultimately initiate a dramatic change in the way we look at our Solar System. The young astronomer was Clyde Tombaugh, an observing assistant working at the observatory made famous by the great astronomer Percival Lowell. Tombaugh was continuing the search for an elusive planet – planet X – that Lowell had believed (incorrectly) to be responsible for perturbing the orbits of Uranus and Neptune. Within a year, after spending numerous nights at the telescope exposing photographic plates and months tediously scanning them for signs of a planet, Tombaugh saw what he was looking for. At around 4pm on the afternoon of 18 February 1930 Tombaugh began comparing two plates taken in January that year showing a region in the constellation of Gemini. As he flicked from one plate to the other, trying to see if something moved slightly between the two (the tell-tale sign of the planet he was hunting), he spotted something. In one part of the frame a small object flitted a few millimetres as he switched between the two plates. Tombaugh had found his new planet! (Stern & Mitton, 2005) The changing landscape of the Solar System   The object Tombaugh had discovered was named Pluto, a name officially adopted by the American Astronomical Society, the Royal Astronomical Society in the UK and the IAU. It is a frigid world, billions of kilometres from Earth, and 30 times less massive than the then-smallest known planet, Mercury. But Pluto was not alone. It was found to have five satellites. The largest, Charon, was discovered in 1978. The smaller four were discovered using the Hubble Space Telescope in 2005, 2011 and 2012 and officially named Nix, Hydra, in early 2006 ( read more ) , Kerberos and Styx in 2013 ( read more ) by the IAU. The view of our Solar System's landscape began to change on August 30, 1992 with the discovery by David Jewitt and Jane Luu from the University of Hawaii of the first of more than 1000 now known objects orbiting beyond Neptune in what is often referred to as the transneptunian region. More generally these bodies are often simply labelled as Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs). With so many Trans-Neptunian Objects being found, it seemed inevitable that one or more might be found to rival Pluto in size. On the night of the 21 October 2003, Mike Brown from Caltech, Chad Trujillo from the Gemini Observatory and David Rabinowitz from Yale University were using a telescope and camera at the Palomar Observatory in the US to search the edge of the Solar System. That night they imaged a region of sky showing an object moving relative to the background stars. Later analysis showed that they had discovered another cold world, around 2500 km across, orbiting the Sun. Subsequent observations showed that the new object, initially named 2003 UB313 according to the International Astronomical Union's protocol on the initial designation of such objects, was more massive than Pluto and that it too had a satellite ( read more ). With an object larger and more massive than Pluto now beyond Neptune and ever more of these Trans-Neptunian Objects being discovered, astronomers were beginning to ask: "Just what constitutes a planet?" A new class of objects and how to define a planet The IAU has been responsible for the naming and nomenclature of planetary bodies and their satellites since the early 1900s. As Professor Ron Ekers, past president of the IAU, explains: Such decisions and recommendations are not enforceable by any national or international law; rather they establish conventions that are meant to help our understanding of astronomical objects and processes. Hence, IAU recommendations should rest on well-established scientific facts and have a broad consensus in the community concerned .( read the full article on page 4 of the IAU GA Newspaper ) The IAU decided to create a commit


With what is a 'carpetbag steak' stuffed?

The Old Foodie: The Truth about Carpetbag Steak. Monday, November 07, 2011 The Truth about Carpetbag Steak. A small comment in an article I read recently stated that ‘Carpetbag Steak’ was an Australian invention, and suggested that indeed it was a national dish. I have lived in this country since the mid 1960’s, and I am here to tell you – as both a consumer and food history enthusiast – that this is a ridiculous myth.  The concept of a steak stuffed with oysters and grilled (or ‘broiled’, if you prefer that term) – did appear on menus of Australian restaurants of the more expensive kind, in decades past, but I cannot remember last time I it listed on any menu, anywhere (which is a surely a sign that it is due for revival.) I hasten to add that the simple combination of beef and oysters is quite old, oysters once upon a time being so cheap that they were a useful way of bulking out expensive meat dishes. The best example of this is the old-fashioned ‘steak and oyster pie’, which only became ‘steak and kidney pie’ in the latter half of the nineteenth century, when oysters became dearer than kidneys. The OED is seriously deficient on the topic of carpetbag steak, giving the first mention in English as late as 1958, in The Times. Even worse – the second supporting quotation, from 1969, also from The Times says ‘Many ‘foreign’ dishes are really British. Like Australian ‘carpetbag steak’—rare fillet stuffed with oysters.’  Many other references suggest the invention of this dish was in the mid-twentieth century, the favoured ‘inventor’ being Louis Diat, whose book Cooking a la Ritz, published in 1941, included the following recipe: Carpet-Bag Steak. Have the butcher cut steak from the sirloin 1 1/2 to 2 inches thick, and then cut through the center to make a pocket. Stuff this pocket with raw oysters, seasoned with salt an pepper. Then sew the edges of pocket together. Broil about fifteen minutes on each side. Serve with any desired potatoes." There are earlier printed recipes for carpet-bag or carpetbagger steak, or for the same dish without the name. A well-known Australian cookery teacher and cook book writer was Amy Shauer. One of her many books, published in 1909 included the following recipe: Steak and Oystr Filling Choose a good tender steak, and have it cut about 2 inches thick. Split it through, and fill in between with raw oysters, lightly seasoned with cayenne and a few drops of lemon juice. Sew up the steak, and grill carefully for 20 minutes to 1/2 an hour. Rubbing the steak over with oiled butter or salad oil prevents the juice escaping, and ensures it coming to table a rich brown outside and tender and juicy inside." The Schauer Cookery Book, (1909) Mis A and Miss M Schauer Published recipes are late records of dishes that have already been in existence for some time. But how long is this in the case of carpetbag steak? There is an intriguing snippet, in a column of small snippets, in the Logansport Pharos [Logansport, Indiana], of Thursday Evening, July 23, 1891 which says ‘“Carpetbag steak,” a rare delicacy now, is slit and stuffed with oysters and broiled. – Hotel Mail.’ This sentence, if I read the nuances correctly, suggests that carpetbag steak had already had its hey-day by the end of 1891. The snippet, and the absence of references in Australia or elsewhere around this date also strongly suggests that the dish is an American invention. Surely there must be other, earlier, references to a dish that was apparently already popular in 1891? See what you can find, my friends, and lets try to put a date and ethnicity on this early ‘Beef and Reef’ dish. Quotation for the Day.


Which early Charles Dickens novel features the characters Wackford and Fanny Squeers, Smike, Newman Noggs and the Cheeryble brothers?

Nicholas Nickleby by Charles Dickens: Character Summary MR. GODFREY NICKLEBY: The grandfather of Nicholas Nickleby, Jr. and father of Ralph and Nicholas Sr RALPH NICKLEBY, SR.: the uncle of Godfrey Nickleby, who leaves him an inheritance MR. SNAWLEY: a stepfather who enrolls his two stepsons in Squeers’ school. MRS. SQUEERS: the bullying wife of Mr. Squeers MASTER WACKFORD SQUEERS, JR.: the son of the Squeers who is heir to the school and their way of thinking MISS FANNY SQUEERS: 23 year old daughter of the Squeers MATILDA PRICE (KNOWN AS TILDA OR TILLY): Fanny Squeers’ best friend JOHN BROWDIE: the husband of Matilda Price MADAME MANTALINI: a milliner and dressmaker that employs Kate MR. ALFRED MUNTLE (MANTALINI): husband of the dressmaker whose English name was changed because it would have hurt business MISS KNAG: the forewoman at the dress shop. MR. CROWL: a selfish associate of Noggs MR. KENWIGS: an ivory turner who occupies the first floor of the building Noggs lives in. MRS. SUSAN KENWIGS: wife of Mr. Kenwigs whom everyone wants to know because of her wealth. MORLEENA KENWIGS: daughter of the Kenwigs’ MR. LILLYVICK: the revered uncle of Mrs. Kenwigs, who is a collector of water rates MRS. JULIA WITTERLY: a rich lady who advertises for a companion MR. HENRY WITTERLY: Mrs. Witterly’s husband MASTER CRUMMLES: son of manager MASTER PERCY CRUMMLES: another son of the manager MRS. CRUMMLES: wife of the manager MISS NINETTA CRUMMLES: ten year old daughter of the Crummles, considered talented by some MR. TOMMY FOLAIR: one of the actors, a dancer in the Crummles theater group MR. LENVILLE: tragedy actor MISS SNEVELLICCI: considered one of the talented actresses of the theater group MISS LEDROOK: fellow actress and friend of Miss Snevellicci MRS. LENVILLE: an actress, married to the tragedy actor MISS BELVAWNEY: one of the actresses who usually plays a page MISS BRAVASSA: an actress known for her beauty MRS. GRUDEN: assists in the Crummles’ domestic affairs, takes the money at the door, cleans the theater, and is an understudy. MISS HENRIETTA PETOWKER (MRS. LILLYVICK): an acquaintance of both the Kenwigs and the Crummles, an actress MR. TRIMMERS: a friend of the Cheerybles who raises money for families in need MR. BROOKER: a former clerk of Ralph’s MR. WALTER BRAY: a man in great debt and ruin


In Western ecclesiastical law a diriment impediment invalidates what?

Diriment impediment synonyms, diriment impediment antonyms - FreeThesaurus.com Diriment impediment synonyms, diriment impediment antonyms - FreeThesaurus.com http://www.freethesaurus.com/diriment+impediment noun Words related to diriment impediment (canon law) an impediment that invalidates a marriage (such as the existence of a prior marriage) Related Words Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: Copyright © 2003-2017 Farlex, Inc Disclaimer All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.


Who is generally credited with the invention of the hovercraft in 1955?

Christopher Cockerell and the History of the Hovercraft By Mary Bellis Updated August 17, 2016. A hovercraft is a vehicle supported on a cushion of air supplied by a powered fan mounted on the craft. The hovercraft was invented by Christopher Cockerell in 1956. The theory behind one of the most successful inventions of the 20th century, the Hovercraft, was originally tested in 1955 using an empty KiteKat cat food tin inside a coffee tin, an industrial air blower and a pair of kitchen scales. Sir Christopher Cockerell developed the first practical hovercraft designs, these led to the first hovercraft to be produced commercially, the SRN1. Cockerell's idea was to build a vehicle that would move over the water's surface, floating on a layer of air. This would reduce friction between the water and vehicle. To test his hypothesis, he put one a smaller can inside a larger can and used a hairdryer to blow air into them. The downward thrust produced was greater when one can was inside the other rather than air just being blown into one can. Background Cockerell was born in 1910 in Cambridge, where his father, Sir Sydney Cockerell, was a museum curator. Christopher Cockerell went to the primary school of St. Faith's. He studied at Gresham's School in Holt, Norfolk. He matriculated to Peterhouse, Cambridge, to read mechanical engineering and was tutored by William Dobson Womersley. He later returned to Cambridge to study radio and electronics. Cockerell worked for the Radio Research Company until 1935 and then for the Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company from 1935 until 1951. During the war years, Cockerell worked with an elite team at Marconi to develop radar, a development which Churchill believed had a significant effect on the outcome of the Second World War, and Cockerell believed to be one of his greatest achievements. While at Marconi, Cockerell patented 36 of his ideas. Hel was knighted for his achievement in 1969. The Hovercraft It occurred to Cockerell that if the entire craft were lifted from the water, the craft would effectively have no drag. This, he hoped, would give the craft the ability to attain a much higher maximum speed than could be achieved by the boats of the time. Cockerell's theory was that instead of just pumping air under the craft, as previous inventors had, if the air were to be instead channelled to form a narrow jet around the perimeter of the craft, the moving air would form a momentum curtain, a wall of moving air that would limit the amount of air that would leak out. This meant that the same cushion of high-pressure air could be maintained by a very much smaller engine; and for the first time, a craft could be lifted completely out of the water. He tested his theories using a vacuum cleaner and two tin cans. His hypothesis was found to have potential, but the idea took some years to develop, and he was forced to sell personal possessions to finance his research.


What colour is the letter L in the standard Google logo?

Can you Identify the Colors of the Google Logo in Order? Search Site Can You Identify the Google Logo Colors in Order? You use Google search and other Google products all day but can you identify the correct Google Logo. This was recently asked at the ‘Who wants to be a Millionaire’ game show on TV. July 19, 2012 You probably use Google search, Reader, Docs and other Google products all day so here’s a quick test to see how well you know the Google Logo that’s prominently displayed on almost every Google page. Take a look at these variations and identify the one image that accurately represents the order of colors found in the original Google logo. Identify the Correct Colors of the Google Logo Google Logo on ‘Who Want to be a Millionaire’ Now the more interesting part. A similar question was asked on the popular “Who wants to be a millionaire” game show and, as you can make out from this TV screen capture, the lady obviously confused. The question displayed on the screen says – “Which of the following is a true statement about the letters in the standard Google logo?” – and the choices are: A. Both “O”s are yellow B. Both “G”s are blue C. The “L” is red D. The “E” is green Just goes on to prove how ubiquitous Google has become.


How many stars are on the flag of the European Union?

EUROPA - The European flag Europa The European flag The European flag symbolises both the European Union and, more broadly, the identity and unity of Europe. It features a circle of 12 gold stars on a blue background. They stand for the ideals of unity, solidarity and harmony among the peoples of Europe. The number of stars has nothing to do with the number of member countries, though the circle is a symbol of unity. History of the European flag The history of the flag goes back to 1955. The Council of Europe - which defends human rights and promotes European culture – chose the present design for its own use. In the years that followed, it encouraged the emerging European institutions to adopt the same flag. In 1983, the European Parliament decided that the Communities’ flag should be that used by the Council of Europe. In 1985, it was adopted by all EU leaders as the official emblem of the European Communities, later to become the European Union. In addition, all European institutions now have their own emblems . Commemorative euro coin: 30 years of the EU flag To mark the 30th anniversary of the decision by EU leaders to adopt the flag as an EU emblem, the 19 euro area countries are issuing a special commemorative coin. Following an online competition held in 2015 by the European Commission, citizens and residents of the euro area selected the design created by Georgios Stamatopoulos, an engraver at the Bank of Greece. It comprises 12 stars that morph into human figures embracing the birth of a new Europe. Take a look at the winning design. Reproduction in 2 colours white & blue (17 Kb)


Which English playwright and poet was stabbed in uncertain circumstances in 1593 age 29 (he penned the line 'Come live with me and be my love')?

PPT - The Poets and the Poems PowerPoint Presentation - ID:1116605 Born—February 6, 1564 in Canterbury, England Baptized Catholic Eldest son of a shoemaker Lived during the same time as Shakespeare English poet and dramatist Education At 14 he started at King’s School In 1581, Marlowe was granted a six-year scholarship to study at Corpus Christi College in Cambridge, England 1584—earned his B.A. 1587—began his M.A. The university was reluctant to grant the degree because they suspected that Marlowe was an atheist. The queen’s Privy Council intervened and the degree was granted. After university Did not join the clergy but went to London to write plays for The Admiral’s Men. He is renowned for his elaborate style that influenced the tragic style used by his predecessors. Considered by many to be the chief of dramatic form. His death Died May 30, 1593 during a brawl at a tavern in Deptford, England. He was stabbed in the eye. Some believe that he was a secret agent. Some believed that he was involved with secret peace negotiations. Some believe his quick temper and lawless past led to his demise. His life and death are both mysterious but his early death provided a preface for Shakespeare’s fame. “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love”Christopher Marlowe Setting Christopher Marlowe sets the poem in early spring in a rural locale (presumably in England) where shepherds tend their flocks. The use of the word madrigals (Line 8)–referring to poems set to music and sung by two to six voices with a single melody or interweaving melodies–suggests that the time is the 16th Century, when madrigals were highly popular in England and elsewhere in Europe. However, the poem could be about any shepherd of any age in any country, for such is the universality of its theme. Characters The Passionate Shepherd: He importunes a woman–presumably a young and pretty country girl–to become his sweetheart and enjoy with him all the pleasures that nature has to offer. The Shepherd’s Love: The young woman who receives the Passionate Shepherd’s message. Swains: Young country fellows whom the Passionate Shepherd promises will dance for his love. Type of Work “The Passionate Shepherd” is a pastoral poem. Pastoral poems generally center on the love of a shepherd for a maiden (as in Marlowe’s poem), on the death of a friend, or on the quiet simplicity of rural life. The writer of a pastoral poem may be an educated city dweller, like Marlowe, who extolls the virtues of a shepherd girl or longs for the peace and quiet of the country. Pastoral is derived from the Latin word pastor, meaning shepherd. Theme The theme of “The Passionate Shepherd” is the rapture of springtime love in a simple, rural setting. Implicit in this theme is the motif of carpe diem–Latin for “seize the day.” Carpe diem urges people to enjoy the moment without worrying about the future. Rhyme and Meter In each stanza, the first line rhymes with the second, and the third rhymes with the fourth. The meter is iambic tetrameter, with eight syllables (four iambic feet) per line. (An iambic foot consists of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.) The following graphic presentation illustrates the rhyme scheme and meter of Stanza 1: Come LIVE.|.with ME.|.and BE.|.my LOVE, And WE.|.will ALL.|.the PLEA.|.sures PROVE That HILLS.|.and VALL.|.eys, DALE.|.and FIELD, And ALL.|.the CRAG.|.gy MOUNT.|.ains YIELD. The Poem’s Enduring Appeal Over the centuries, Marlowe’s little poem has enjoyed widespread popularity because it captures the joy of simple, uncomplicated, love. The shepherd does not worry whether his status makes him acceptable to the girl; nor does he appear concerned about money or education. The future will take carry of itself. What matters is the moment. So, he says, let us enjoy it–sitting on a rock listening to the birds. Vocabulary Swains – young boys from the country Analyzing and Interpreting the Poems 1.a) What does the shepherd in Marlowe's poem offer his love to make his world sound attractive and desirable? b) What things does he offer her that he cannot possi


Who won 'The Battle of the Sexes' tennis match at the Houston Astrodome in 1973?

Billie Jean King Wins the ‘Battle of the Sexes,’ 40 Years Ago - History in the Headlines Billie Jean King Wins the ‘Battle of the Sexes,’ 40 Years Ago September 20, 2013 By Jesse Greenspan Share this: Billie Jean King Wins the ‘Battle of the Sexes,’ 40 Years Ago Author Billie Jean King Wins the ‘Battle of the Sexes,’ 40 Years Ago URL Google On September 20, 1973, women’s tennis star Billie Jean King faced off against Bobby Riggs in an exhibition match dubbed the “Battle of the Sexes.” The 55-year-old Riggs, a former Wimbledon champion, believed he could still beat any woman player, and, after much prodding, King eventually took him up on the challenge. Riggs hyped the contest with a slew of misogynistic comments, including that “the best way to handle women is to keep them pregnant and barefoot.” Yet King ended up eviscerating him 6-4, 6-3, 6-3 in front of more than 30,000 fans at the Houston Astrodome, then the largest crowd ever to watch a tennis match. King’s victory—along with the passage of Title IX, an anti-gender-discrimination law—is often credited with sparking a boom in women’s sports. Despite losing much of his prime to World War II, Riggs was once considered the best tennis player in the world. In 1939 he won the men’s singles, doubles and mixed doubles titles at Wimbledon, purportedly collecting over $100,000 in the process by betting on himself. He also won a few U.S. championships, both as an amateur and a professional. Craving a return to the spotlight, Riggs decided in early 1973 to challenge some of tennis’ top women players. King, who at that point had already won 10 major singles titles, repeatedly turned him down. But then-No. 1-ranked Margaret Court took the bait in return for a $10,000 payday. On May 13, Riggs used a variety of lobs, drop shots and spin shots to defeat Court 6-2, 6-1 in what became known as the “Mother’s Day Massacre.” “I didn’t expect him to mix it up like that,” Court told reporters afterward. “We girls don’t play like that.” Riggs immediately turned his sights back on the 29-year-old King, whom he called the “women’s libber leader.” “I’ll play her on clay, grass, wood, cement, marble or roller skates,” Riggs said. “We got to keep this sex thing going. I’m a woman specialist now.” This time around, King agreed. At a July press conference announcing the $100,000 winner-take-all match (plus at least $75,000 each in ancillary money), Riggs said, “I’ll tell you why I’ll win. She’s a woman and they don’t have the emotional stability.” King responded by calling him a “creep.” A media blitz then ensued in which Riggs promised to jump off a bridge if he lost. He also resumed his male chauvinist rants, declaring on one occasion, “women belong in the bedroom and kitchen, in that order.” Another time, he said, “Women play about 25 percent as good as men, so they should get about 25 percent of the money men get.” In contrast to the extensive training he did before the Court match, Riggs reportedly spent most of the summer partying and schmoozing. King, on the other hand, continued with her normal routine on the women’s tour. On September 20, 30,492 fans squeezed into the Houston Astrodome to witness the so-called “Battle of the Sexes,” while an estimated 90 million people worldwide watched on television. King entered the court a la Cleopatra, riding in a gold litter held aloft by toga-wearing members of the Rice University men’s track team. Riggs, meanwhile, came in on a rickshaw surrounded by scantily clad women known as “Bobby’s bosom buddies.” King then presented Riggs with a squealing baby pig and in return received a large “Sugar Daddy” lollipop. In keeping with the carnival-like atmosphere of the contest, King wore blue suede sneakers, and Riggs played the first three games wearing a yellow jacket with the “Sugar Daddy” logo on the back. Normally a serve-and-volley player, King made a conscious effort to wear Riggs down with baseline rallies. She won the first set 6-4, striking a number of winners and securing the final point on a Riggs double fault. Though Riggs broke King’s serve in


Kenneth Kaunda was the first president of which African country?

Kenneth Kaunda | president of Zambia | Britannica.com president of Zambia Alternative Title: Kenneth David Kaunda Kenneth Kaunda Kenneth Kaunda, in full Kenneth David Kaunda (born April 28, 1924, Lubwa, near Chinsali, Northern Rhodesia [now Zambia]), politician who led Zambia to independence in 1964 and served as that country’s president until 1991. Kenneth Kaunda. William F. Campbell—Time Life Pictures/Getty Images Early years Kaunda’s father, who was from Nyasaland (now Malawi ), was a schoolteacher; his mother, also a teacher, was the first African woman to teach in colonial Zambia. Both taught among the Bemba ethnic group in northern Zambia, where young Kaunda received his early education, completing secondary school in the early 1940s. Like the majority of Africans in colonial Zambia who achieved some measure of middle-class status, he also began to teach, first in colonial Zambia and in the middle 1940s in Tanganyika (now Tanzania ). Struggle against colonial rule Kaunda returned to Zambia in 1949. In that year he became interpreter and adviser on African affairs to Sir Stewart Gore-Browne, a liberal white settler and a member of the Northern Rhodesian Legislative Council. Kaunda acquired knowledge of the colonial government as well as political skills, both of which served him well when later that year he joined the African National Congress (ANC), the first major anticolonial organization in Northern Rhodesia. In the early 1950s Kaunda became the ANC’s secretary-general, functioning as its chief organizing officer, a role that brought him into close contact with the movement’s rank and file. Thus, when the leadership of the ANC clashed over strategy in 1958–59, Kaunda carried a major part of the ANC operating structure into a new organization, the Zambia African National Congress. Kaunda became president of the new organization and skillfully used it to forge a militant policy against the British plan for a federation of the three central African colonies—Southern Rhodesia, Northern Rhodesia, and Nyasaland. African leaders opposed and feared any such federation because it would tend to place ultimate power in the hands of a white minority of settlers. Kaunda employed the Zambia congress as an instrument for executing what he called “positive nonviolent action,” a form of civil disobedience against the federation policy. His campaign had two major results: first, the British government modified the federation policy and eventually agreed to discard it; second, the imprisonment of Kaunda and other militant leaders elevated them to the status of national heroes in the eyes of the people. Thus, from 1960 on, the nationwide support of Zambia’s independence movement was secured, as was too the dominant status of Kenneth Kaunda in that movement. Britannica Stories Big Radio Burst from Tiny Galaxy Kaunda was released from prison by the colonial government on Jan. 8, 1960. At the end of that month he was elected president of the United National Independence Party (UNIP), which had been formed in October 1959 by Mainza Chona, a militant nationalist who was disenchanted with the older ANC. The UNIP enjoyed a spectacular growth, claiming 300,000 members by June 1960. In December 1960 the British colonial authorities invited Kaunda and several other UNIP leaders to participate in discussions on the status of the three colonies at a conference in London. Early in the following year the British government announced that formal decolonization of Zambia would commence. The first major elections leading to final decolonization were held in October 1962. The constitutional proposals upon which the election was based provided the European settlers in Northern Rhodesia with a disproportionate share of the votes. Yet the two major African parties—the UNIP and ANC—gained a majority of the votes. The UNIP was the winner, gaining 15 of the 37 seats in the new Legislative Council. The UNIP’s success was attributed overwhelmingly to the leadership of Kaunda. He had been astute both in allaying the European settlers’ fears that an African r


The billionnaire Barclay twins' long-running disputes about their private island Brecqhou (or Brechou) are with which Channel Island?

Tï¿½divm - Brechou Brechou ISLE OF BRECHOU: Also spelled Brecqhou, this rocky, 160-acre islet is  politically part of Sark , which in turn is part of Guernsey . Brecqhou is one of the Channel Islands ; not only are they a part of the United Kingdom , they are also very closely associated  with the French/Bretton language and culture.  Previous owners/tenants have included John Thomson Donaldson (1949-66) and  Leonard Joseph Matchan (1966-87). After Matchanï¿½s death there was legal wrangling between his  company (Solaria Investments), which owned the island, and his son. In 1993  it was purchased for ï¿½2.33 million by the billionaire businessmen David and  Frederick Barclay. These identical twins (who were knighted in 2000 by Queen  Elizabeth II for their enormous donations to charity) are the co-owners of a  group of hotels and several newspapers, including The Scotsman, The  Business, The Daily Telegraph, and The Spectator; the media  magnates also hold a minority interest in the American firm that controls The  National Enquirer. The brothers guard their privacy to such an extent  that they even erected a grand Gothic-style castle, complete with  100-foot-high granite walls, spires, towers, gilded turrets, battlements, a  moat and a helipad. No expense was spared. According to a builder on the project,  the banqueting room is 80 meters long and has a gold-leaf ceiling; the  library ceiling is hand-painted, inspired by the Sistine Chapel. The  honey-colored, cliff-top fortress ( Fort Brecqhou ) was finished in 1996 after some  90,000 tons of materials were carried to Brecqhou by boat. At a cost of between 30-60 million Pounds, it is the largest one built  in the 20th century. The wealthy siblings soon began objecting to the centuries-old legal  restrictions imposed on their private island, which is still considered a  landholding of Sark (a tax-free haven where automobiles and divorce are banned). These  strictures prevent them from selling Brecqhou to a non-citizen of Britain . And because the reclusive duo  has sued for Brecqhouï¿½s independence, their actions have resulted in several  disputes with the government of Sark, which is the last remaining feudal  state in the Western world (the French abandoned Sark in 1553; yet in 1565  Elizabeth I, fearing French encroachment and marauding pirates, granted a  Jersey nobleman named Hï¿½lier de Carteret the right  to hold Sark in perpetuity provided he settled 40 armed families on its land  and paid her a twentieth of a knightï¿½s fee annually. The unelected  descendants of those 40 original colonists ï¿½ known as ï¿½tenantsï¿½ because they  are the owners of the islandï¿½s 40 ï¿½tenementsï¿½ [divisions of land] ï¿½ have  governed life on Sark ever since). Though it has considerable internal  autonomy, the island is a personal fief held by the Seigneur (the hereditary  head of government ï¿½ or ï¿½lordï¿½ ï¿½ who owes fealty directly to the Queen and to  her alone) direct from the British Crown. From the outset, the Barclays were incensed at having to pay a transfer  tax/levy known as a ï¿½treiziemeï¿½ (a thirteenth of  the landï¿½s value) totalling ï¿½179,000 to Michael  Beaumont, Sark ï¿½s 22nd Seigneur. Adding to their  collective displeasure, it was the brothersï¿½ goal to divide their estate  equally among their 4 heirs (the twins have three sons and a daughter between  them). But on Sark , unfortunately, the law of primogeniture applied. It dictates that  all property is received by the firstborn male, if there is one; women can  inherit only if they have no brothers. In 1998, when one of the twinsï¿½  daughters was denied any inheritance rights under the ancient tradition, the  brothers complained to the Strasbourg , France-based European Court of  Human Rights. The secretive tycoons claimed that Sark was in breach of the European  Convention on Human Rights (to which the British crown dependency had signed  up). In 1999, the dispute over hereditary rights ended in a draw. Thatï¿½s when  the law regarding the inher


Which Scottish athlete refused to run on a Sunday at the 1924 Paris Olympic Games?

The Man Who Wouldn’t Run on a Sunday: Eric Liddell in the SOAS Archives | Brunei Gallery, SOAS, University of London The Man Who Wouldn’t Run on a Sunday: Eric Liddell in the SOAS Archives THIS EVENT IS ARCHIVED Date: 13 July 2012 Time: 10:00 AM Finishes: 22 September 2012 Time: 5:00 PM Venue: Brunei Gallery Room: Foyle Special Collections Gallery Type of Event: Exhibition Eric Liddell achieved fame as an Olympic athlete whose life is chronicled in the 1981 film, Chariots of Fire. Liddell’s spiritual convictions had a significant impact on his athletic career. As a member of the British Olympic Team for the 1924 Paris Olympic Games, he refused to run in the qualifying heats because they were held on a Sunday, with the consequence that he was forced to withdraw from his best event, the 100 metres race. He went on to win bronze and gold medals in the 200 and 400 metres events respectively, setting a world record for the 400 metres and causing sensational news headlines. In 1925, at the peak of his athletic career, Liddell chose to join the London Missionary Society and went to serve in Northern China.   The exhibition focuses on this lesser-known side of Eric Liddell’s life, and picks up on the fascinating story of what happened next as he chose to step out of the limelight of Olympic success. Drawing on documents found in the archive of the London Missionary Society, held by SOAS Library, the exhibition looks at Liddell’s family background (he was born in China to Scottish missionary parents), his personal motivation for becoming a missionary, his work as a teacher at the Anglo-Chinese College in Tientsin and his eventual imprisonment and premature death in a Japanese internment camp at Weihsien in 1945. Material on display will include photographs, application papers submitted to the London Missionary Society and his annual reports and correspondence back to the mission directors in London, which reflect on his work and life in the context of the Japanese occupation of China in the lead-up to and during the Second World War. It also includes letters and medical reports relating to his death at Weihsien Camp, and the impact this had on his family and colleagues. A selection of the papers relating to Eric Liddell has been digitised as part of a project to commemorate his achievements in the context of the London 2012 Olympics. For further details, contact Archives & Special Collections staff on docenquiry@soas.ac.uk | tel: 020 7898 4180. Further information on the London Missionary Society archive and other archival collections held by SOAS Library can be found at www.soas.ac.uk/library/archives The Eric Liddell papers are displayed with the kind permission of the Council for World Mission. Supported by Open: Tuesday - Saturday: 10.30 - 17.00 Late night Thursday until 20:00 Closed: Sundays, Mondays and Bank Holidays please check individual exhibition pages for changes to the standard times   Recorded Information: +44 (0)20 7898 4046


The King and Queen of which European country narrowly escaped assassination on their wedding day in 1906?

Alfonso XIII of Spain | Military Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Alfonso XIII of Spain (King of Spain in 1975) Personal details 28 February 1941(1941-02-28) (aged 54) Rome, Italy Religion Roman Catholicism Alfonso XIII (Spanish: Alfonso León Fernando María Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbón y Habsburg-Lorena; English: Alphonse Leon Ferdinand Mary James Isidor Pascal Anthony of Bourbon and Habsburg-Lorraine ; 17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941) was King of Spain from 1886 until 1931. Alfonso was monarch from birth, as his father Alfonso XII had died the previous year. Until his 16th birthday in 1902, his mother, Maria Christina of Austria , served as his regent, in a period which saw Spain lose its Caribbean and Pacific colonies during the Spanish-American War . Due to family ties to both sides, [1] Alfonso kept his kingdom neutral during the First World War (1914–1918). From 1923 to 1930, Alfonso gave dictatorial powers to his Prime Minister, Miguel Primo de Rivera . In 1931 the king was deposed by the Second Spanish Republic , but retained his claim to the throne in exile in Rome, Italy, until 1941, when he abdicated in favour of his son Juan, Count of Barcelona . Alfonso died six weeks later and a period of mourning was observed in Francoist Spain . Contents Edit Royal Monogram As he was born King, early coins from Alfonso's reign, such as this 20 pesetas from 1889, featured his portrait as a baby. Alfonso was born in Madrid, posthumously born son of Alfonso XII of Spain , and became King of Spain upon his birth. The French newspaper Le Figaro described the young king as "the happiest and best-loved of all the rulers of the earth". [2] His mother, Maria Christina of Austria , served as his regent until his 16th birthday. During the regency, in 1898, Spain lost its colonial rule over Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines as a result of the Spanish-American War . When he came of age in 1902, the week of his majority was marked by festivities, bullfights, balls and receptions throughout Spain. [3] Engagement and marriage Edit Photograph taken moments after the assassination attempt on Alfonso and Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg on their wedding day. Alfonso met Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg while on a state visit to the United Kingdom in 1905, where he was hosted at Buckingham Palace by her uncle, King Edward VII of the United Kingdom . Obstacles to the relationship included Alfonso's mother, who desired that he married a member of her royal house, the Habsburgs ; the presence of haemophilia in the genes of the British royal family; and Victoria's Protestantism. However, Maria Christina was eventually convinced by January 1906 to write an official letter to Victoria's mother, Princess Beatrice . Victoria met Maria Christina and Alfonso in Biarritz , France, later that month, and converted to Catholicism in San Sebastián in March of that year. In May, diplomats of both kingdoms officially executed the agreement of marriage. Alfonso and Victoria were married at the Royal Monastery of San Jerónimo in Madrid on 31 May 1906, with British royalty including Victoria's cousins the Prince and Princess of Wales (later King George V and Queen Mary in attendance. The wedding was marred by an assassination attempt on Alfonso and Victoria by the Catalan anarchist Mateu Morral , whose bomb killed bystanders. [4] On 10 May 1907, the couple's first child, Alfonso, Prince of Asturias , was born. However, during his circumcision , the Prince bled continuously, because his mother was a haemophilia carrier and he had inherited the condition. Of the two daughters born to the King and Queen, none of them were haemophilia carriers, but another of their sons, Gonzalo , lived with the condition. Alfonso distanced himself from his Queen for transmitting the condition to their children. [5] First World War Edit During the First World War , because of his family connections with both sides and the division of popular opinion, Spain remained neutral. The King ran an office for captives from the Royal Palace , which leveraged the Spanish diplomat


Marsh Fever is another term for which ailment?

Marsh fever - definition of marsh fever by The Free Dictionary Marsh fever - definition of marsh fever by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/marsh+fever Related to marsh fever: Marsh disease marsh fever n (Pathology) another name for malaria Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: Copyright © 2003-2017 Farlex, Inc Disclaimer All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.


What is the offspring of a male lion and a tigress called (apart from very dangerous)?

92 Roaring Facts about Lions | FactRetriever.com 92 Roaring Facts about Lions By Karin Lehnardt, Senior Writer Published December 28, 2016 Two thousand years ago, over a million lions roamed throughout regions that covered Europe, Syria, Israel, Iraq, Pakistan, Iran, and India. In the 1940s, lions numbered 450,000. Today, there are as few as 32,000 on Earth.[9] Aslan is the Turkish and Mongolian word for “lion.” It is also the name of the lion in C. S. Lewis’ The Chronicles of Narnia.[19] Lions are the second largest of the big cats, after tigers.[17] The darker a male lion’s mane is, the older he is.[8] Female lions prefer to mate with males that have the longest and darkest manes.[3] Unlike most other cats, lions are great swimmers.n[14] A lion can leap as far as 36 feet.[3] Lunchtime! Lions eat about 18 pounds of meat per day. That would be like a human eating more than 70 hamburgers.[3] The lion is the only member of the cat family that has a tasseled tail. The tassel doesn’t just look good, it also relays messages such as “come this way.” A tassel first appears when a lion is 5–7 months old.[14] Only about 1 in 8 male lions survive to adulthood. A majority of lions die shortly after being kicked out of their pride around the age of 2.[3] When taking over a new territory and pride, some male lions will form a “coalition,” or a group of 3 or 4 males. They will fight the resident male lion, often to the death, and kill all his cubs.[9] In 2002, much to the surprise of conservationists, a lioness adopted and protected a baby antelope. However, two weeks later, a male lion ate the baby while the lioness slept. The lioness appeared to be stricken with grief and walked around roaring in anger.[11] As tiger bones are becoming scarcer, poachers are turning toward lion bones to supply the intense demands of traditional medicine in Asia.[5] Trophy hunting is devastating for lions for several reasons. First, when an adult male (the most sought-after trophy) is killed, his death destabilizes and may destroy an entire pride. Second, it wipes out the genes of the largest and most healthy males.[6] A male lion can stretch up to 10 feet long and weigh 400–500 pounds, about the same as eight or nine small children or over 50 pet cats. Females typically weigh 250–350 pounds.[1] Although the lion is known as “the king of the jungle,” lions do not live in jungles. They live only in grasslands and plains.[8] Lions do not live in the jungle, even though they have been dubbed "King of the Jungle" In Friedrich Nietzsche’s Thus Spoke Zarathustra, the lion symbolizes someone who has rebelled against traditional knowledge to create a new morality, which is known as the morality of the Übermensch.[8] Just a century ago, there were over 200,000 lions living in Africa. Today, there are only 15,000–32,000 left.[9] Lions can run up to 50 mph, but only in a straight line and only for a few seconds at a time. Consequently, lions get as close as they can to their prey before they start the chase.[3] African lions are listed as vulnerable, with numbers continuing to dramatically decline. They are the only big cat not currently protected under the Endangered Species Act, and pro-hunters are strongly lobbying against placing the lion on the list.[6] The two majestic stone lions that stand guard outside the New York Public library are named Patience and Fortitude. They were named in the 1930s to reflect the qualities New Yorkers exhibited during the Great Depression.[8] The two bronze lions outside The Art Institute of Chicago were made for its opening in 1893. The south lion is (unofficially) named “In an Attitude of Defiance,” and the north lion is named “On the Prowl.”[7] A Turkish proverb states: “A lion sleeps in the heart of every brave man.”[3] Fear not, we are of the nature of the lion, and cannot descend to the destruction of mice and such small beasts. - Elizabeth I Male lions are the only big cats that look different than the females of the species.[19] A lion’s roar is the loudest of any big cat and can be heard up to 5 miles (8 km) away. A ti


Jazz musician Miles Davis, 1926-91, whose 1959 album Kind of Blue is generally regarded as the biggest selling jazz album of all time, played what instrument?

History of Jazz Timeline All About Jazz needs your help and we have a deal. For $20, we'll hide those pesky Google ads and present exclusive content for a full year! History of Jazz Timeline 1900 July 4, 1900 is the day that Louis Armstrong always claims as his birthday. Armstrong's nickname will be Satchmo. He will receive this nickname in England in the early 1930's when the British hear his original nickname, Satchelmouth, incorrectly. Armstrong will be recognized as the first genius of Jazz because the entire concept of swinging will be attributed to him. 1902 Jelly Roll Morton is now seventeen years old. He is beginning to attract attention in the New Orleans area as a brothel piano player. At this point he is playing primarily Ragtime and a little Blues. He is one of the first to play this mix that is a forerunner of Jazz. Jelly Roll will later claim to have invented Jazz in this year by combining Ragtime, Quadrilles and Blues. 1908 Vibraphone pioneer Lionel Hampton born in Birmingham, Al. Raised in Kenosha, Wisconsin. During a stint with Les Hite's band on Central Avenue in Los Angeles, he joined the Benny Goodman Quartet, which, along with pianist Teddy Wilson and drummer Gene Krupa, became the first integrated, commercially accepted jazz group. He has fronted his own Big Bands since Sept. 1940. Biggest hits: "Flying Home" and "Midnight Sun". Many early Bop stars began in his band. 1908 Trumpeter Freddie Keppard and his Creoles were playing more powerful Jazz in New Orleans than the Original Dixieland Jazz Band will play in 1917. Keppard was not recorded until many years later because he was afraid of having his style stolen. 1911 Trumpeter Roy Eldridge is born in Pittsburgh, Pa. on January 30. Eldridge was an excellent player and is viewed, maybe unfairly, as the link between Armstrong and the Boppers. Roy will eventually get the nickname Little Jazz because of his diminutive size. 1914 Ralph Ellison is born in Oklahoma City on March 1. He will achieve critical acclaim with his novel, Invisible Man, in 1952. Ellison, who attended Tusegee Institute with the intention of pursuing a career in music, will write influential essays on jazz music and on African American folk culture. 1917 The history of recorded Jazz begins on February 26 when the white band the Original Dixieland Jazz Band (originally, Original Dixieland Jass Band ) records Livery Stable Blues at Victor Studios in New York City. The ODJB was from New Orleans and consisted of Nick LaRocca on cornet, Larry Shields on clarinet, Eddie "Daddy" Edwards on trombone, Henry Ragas on piano and Tony Sbarbaro on drums. Many black bands of the time were probably producing far more authentic and better music. Never the less, the Jazz Age begins. Trumpeter Freddie Keppard had refused the chance to make the first Jazz record because he feared that his style would be copied. 1917 After Freddie Keppard declines to be recorded, Jazz gains first national exposure with Victor's release of the Original Dixieland Band's "Livery Stable Blues. This release outsells by many times over any 78s by the days recording stars like Enrico Caruso, John Phillip Sousa or the US Marine Military Band. Sales estimates are around 500K in the first year.  The group consisted of cornetist Nick LaRocca, clarinetist Larry Shields, trombonist Eddie Edwards, pianist Harry Ragas, and drummer Tony Sbarbaro. 1920 Prohibition of alcohol begins. In many respects, prohibition has the opposite of its intended effect. For example, before prohibition, few, if any women drank in bars. However, women were very likely to drink in speakeasys. Prohibition indirectly furthers the cause of Jazz. 1920 Somebody discovers that the New York brownstone basement (being narrow and running from mainstreet to back alley) is well suited to use as an speakeasy. In time, the cellars of New York City will become riddled with speakeasys providing numerous opportunities for Jazz musicians. 1920 This year marks the beginning of an age of great interest in black arts and music (Jazz). The young future Bop players


The river Han flows through which capital city?

Rivers Of The World's Capital Cities - worldfactsinc worldfactsinc Rivers Of The World's Capital Cities                                                                               Most of the world's major cities were built on or around areas of freshwater. Our ancestors chose to settle near these areas as rivers were a means of supplying drinking water for their families and beasts, as a food supply, used for irrigating crops  and as a means of transport in order to aid commerce.  Shown below is a list of the world's capital cities, in country alphabetical order, each with their respective main areas of freshwater, be it either a river, a lake, a canal or an oasis.    The world's longest river flows through Egypt's capital city Cairo, shown above, but the river which flows through the most capital cities is Europe's River Danube, see map below, which runs through the four cities of  Belgrade, which is the capital of Serbia, Bratislava the capital of Slovakia, Budapest which is the capital of Hungary and Vienna the capital of Austria.      Republic of Ireland - Dublin - River Liffey.    Romania - Bucharest - River Dambovita.  Russian Federation - Moscow - River Moskva.  Rwanda - Kigali - River Ruganwa.                          S    Saudi Arabia - Riyadh - Originally built on the banks of the Riyadh Wadi / Orchard Oasis, which has since dried up.  Serbia - Belgrade - River Danube.   Scotland - Edinburgh - Firth of Forth.  Sierra Leone - Freetown - Freetown River.   Singapore - Singapore - The Singapore River. Slovakia - Bratislava - River Danube.  Slovenia - Ljubljana - River Ljublanica. Spain - Madrid - River Manzanares.   Sri Lanka - Colombo - Located along the banks of the the Kalani River and the Beira Lake.  South Africa - Pretoria - The Apies River. South Korea - Seoul - The Han River.   South Sudan - Juba - River White Nile. Swaziland - Mbabane - The Mbabne River  Sweden - Stockholm - River Norrstrom.


Who was the president of Yugoslavia, 1953-80?

Tito | Define Tito at Dictionary.com Tito Marshal (Josip Broz) 1891–1980, president of Yugoslavia 1953–80. 2. Examples from the Web for Tito Expand Contemporary Examples They include Big Dick Richie (Joe Manganiello), Ken (Matt Bomer), Tito (Adam Rodriguez), and Tarzan (Kevin Nash). Historical Examples The country's rulers, however, had no difficulty extricating themselves from this domination once Stalin broke with Tito. Johnny Bear E. T. Seton Bardo paused, but neither Romola nor Tito dared to speak—his voice was too tremulous, the poise of his feelings too doubtful. Johnny Bear E. T. Seton Tito had not only worked at digging all night, she had also trotted over thirty miles, half of it with a heavy baby to carry. Johnny Bear E. T. Seton British Dictionary definitions for Tito Expand noun 1. Marshal. original name Josip Broz. 1892–1980, Yugoslav statesman, who led the communist guerrilla resistance to German occupation during World War II; prime minister of Yugoslavia (1945–53) and president (1953–80) Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012


James Mason played Sir Randolph Nettleby which 1984 film?

The Shooting Party (1984) - Movie | Moviefone The Shooting Party (1984) DVD Release Date: August 2nd, 2005 Not Yet Rated|1 hr 48 min Plot Summary In the fall of 1913, Sir Randolph Nettleby (James Mason) invites a group of friends to join him for a weekend of pheasant hunting at his estate. His guests include the callous Lord Gilbert Hartlip (Edward Fox) and his wife, Lady Aline (Cheryl Campbell), who is having an affair with wealthy Sir Reuben Hergesheimer (Aharon Ipalé). Meanwhile, Lady Olivia (Judi Bowker), growing disenchanted with her husband, Lord Bob Lilburn (Robert Hardy), falls for romantic young Lionel Stephens (Rupert Frazer).


The St Leger is run at which English racecourse?

33 runners for English St Leger at Doncaster - SportsNewsIRELAND Home / Racing / Racing: Irish Interest / 33 runners for English St Leger at Doncaster 33 runners for English St Leger at Doncaster By Paul Naughton Updated: July 24, 2014 Entries have been have released for the English St Leger, which takes place at Doncaster Racecourse on the final day of the Ladbrokes St Leger Festival, Saturday, September 13.   Run over one mile, six furlongs and 132 yards, the Group One contest boasts a record prize fund of £650,000 in 2014 (up from £600,000 in 2013).   Two of the past four Ladbrokes St Leger winners have been trained by John Gosden – Arctic Cosmos (2010) and Masked Marvel (2011) – and the Newmarket handler has won the final Classic four times in total. Gosden looks to hold another strong hand this year with Investec Derby thirdRomsdal (5/1 joint-favourite with Ladbrokes) and Group Two King Edward VII Stakes victor Eagle Top (6/1) starring among his five entries. The Gosden-trained quintet also includes Cloudscape(14/1), who stayed on well when fourth in the 10-furlong Group Three Tercentenary Stakes at Royal Ascot, impressive Doncaster maiden scorer Forever Now (16/1) and Marzocco (25/1), who stayed on to take fifth in the Group One Grand Prix de Paris at Longchamp on July 13.   Observational (16/1) will test his Ladbrokes St Leger credentials in the 12-furlong Group Three Neptune Investment Management Gordon Stakes at Goodwood on July 30.   The Roger Charlton-trained colt stayed on dourly to capture the Listed Cocked Hat Stakes by a neck from Marzocco at the same course in May, but missed the Investec Derby with a bad scope and has not run since.   Charlton reported: “We have entered Observational in the Ladbrokes St Leger and it’s a race we are looking at.   “Everything is fine with him. He will go for the Gordon Stakes next and we will see how he gets on there before deciding if he needs another run before the St Leger. “I would not be too concerned about stepping up in trip.”   The Goodwood contest has produced four Ladbrokes St Leger heroes since the turn of the century courtesy of Encke (2012), Arctic Cosmos (2010), Conduit (2008) and Sixties Icon (2006). It forms part of the Neptune Investment Management-backed ‘Road to the St Leger’ series, which also features the Group Two Great Voltigeur Stakes at York on August 20.   Ireland’s champion trainer Aidan O’Brien saddled his fourth Ladbrokes St Leger winner last year with Leading Light and has seven entries in 2014, the most of any trainer. The Ballydoyle septet includes Irish Derby runner-up Kingfisher (14/1) plus Listed scorer Indian Maharaja (40/1)and impressive maiden winner Granddukeoftuscany (14/1). Other possible starters for O’Brien areAdjusted (40/1), Annus Mirabilis (50/1), Blue Hussar (40/1) and Buonarroti (25/1), who was fifth at Doncaster last season in the Group One Racing Post Trophy.   In addition to O’Brien’s seven entries, there are a further two entries from Ireland. John Oxx has entered the Christopher Tsui-owned Streetcar To Stars (33/1), a son of Sea The Stars who was narrowly denied in a 12-furlong Listed race at Leopardstown in June before gaining a comfortable success in a 10-furlong maiden at the Curragh later the same month. The Ladbrokes St Leger is the one English Classic to have eluded Jim Bolger and the trainer has entered dual handicap scorer Wexford Town (33/1), a full-brother to last year’s Irish Derby hero Trading Leather.   No current trainer has won the Ladbrokes St Leger more times than Godolphin’s Saeed bin Suroor who has five victories to his name, most recently Mastery in 2009. Bin Suroor’s four entries in 2014 include Elite Army (6/1), impressive winner of the King George V Handicap at Royal Ascot andTrue Story (16/1), who was last seen out when fifth in the Group One Eclipse Stakes at Sandown Park on July 5. The lightly-raced Arabian Revolution (33/1) and Winter Thunder (16/1) complete the Godolphin quartet.   Sir Michael Stoute famously broke his Ladbrokes St Leger duck with Conduit in 2008 and has a pair of interesting


Which popular Welsh entertainer wrote the First World War song Keep the Home Fires Burning?

The 10 best: first world war music | Culture | The Guardian The 10 best ... The 10 best: first world war music Morale-boosting songs, stirring marches and elegies for the fallen, as chosen by the Observer’s classical music critic Fiona Maddocks Have we missed something? Leave your suggestion in the comments below and you could feature in the alternative list next week. Friday 7 November 2014 07.00 EST Last modified on Saturday 8 November 2014 13.14 EST Pinterest Ivor Novello at the piano in 1929. Photograph: Stage Photo Company/V&A Ivor Novello , born in Cardiff, was only 21 when he wrote Keep the Home Fires Burning (Till the Boys Come Home) in 1914, which touched all families at the outbreak of war with its hopeful message. It was an instant hit. Novello’s war service was less glorious. After a stint in the Royal Navy Air Service, crashing two planes, he enjoyed a long postwar career as an actor, writer and composer of musicals. The Ivor Novello awards are named in his honour. The words of the song are by the American Lena Gilbert Ford, who was divorced and living with her son in London. Both were killed by a German air raid on London in March 1918. 2 | Pack Up Your Troubles Pinterest A scene from Richard Attenborough’s Oh! What a Lovely War, 1969. Photograph: Sportsphoto Ltd/Allstar This cheery, upbeat marching song was written in 1915 by Welsh brothers Felix Powell (an army staff sergeant) and George Henry Powell (who became a conscientious objector). It surfaced in music hall and interwar films such as Laurel and Hardy’s Pack Up Your Troubles (1932). In Oh! What a Lovely War (1969) it is sung, ever louder and with deepening emotion, as the first wounded soldiers from the battle of Mons arrive at Charing Cross station . Wilfred Owen used the refrain in his poem Smile, Smile, Smile (1918), a sardonic reference to the false cheer of young soldiers heading out to the front, only to be felled. 3 | Le tombeau de Couperin Pinterest Pianist Marguerite Long, 1920. Photograph: Lipnitzki/Roger Viollet/Getty Images Each movement of Ravel’s piano suite (1914-17) is dedicated to friends of the French composer who died in the Great War, in which he himself served as a truck driver. The title is oblique, referring to the tomb of the baroque composer François Couperin, and the work pays tribute to an earlier musical style, delicate and controlled rather than an emotional outpouring. The first performance was given in Paris in 1919 by Marguerite Long, the pianist widow of one of the dead soldiers remembered in Le Tombeau. Accused of making the music too cheerful, Ravel replied: “The dead are sad enough, in their eternal silence.” 4 | Over There Pinterest Cover of the sheet music for George M Cohan’s Over There, illustration by Norman Rockwell. Popular entertainer, producer, playwright and composer George M Cohan , “the man who owned Broadway”, wrote Over There after hearing the news, in April 1917, that America had declared war on Germany. Brazen propaganda and the hope that war would be brief set the mood for this song, with its much borrowed refrain “The Yanks are coming”. It ends emphatically: “And we won’t come back till it’s over, over there.” Cohan’s story was told in the film Yankee Doodle Dandy (starring James Cagney as Cohan, seen writing Over There note by note) and the 1968 musical George M!. A statue of him stands in Times Square , New York. 5 | In Flanders Ivor Gurney in 1915. Photograph: BBC The Gloucester-born Ivor Gurney (1890-1937) wrote poems and songs in the trenches, where, already physically and mentally frail, he was shot at and gassed. In Flanders – “I’m homesick for the hills” – is a setting of words by his friend William Harvey. It speaks of a longing to be back in the Cotswolds and shares an English pastoral mood captured in the prewar songs of another brilliant young composer, George Butterworth , killed by a sniper in August 1916. Gurney was invalided out and spent much of the remainder of his life in mental asylums. With terrible irony, the comradeship and routine in the trenches may have been his happiest


What is the largest island in the Mediterranean?

What is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea? | Reference.com What is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea? A: Quick Answer The largest island in the Mediterranean Sea is Sicily, which is located off the southern tip of the boot-shaped Italian cape. The island encompasses a total area of approximately 9,920 square miles. Full Answer The Mediterranean Sea is the world's largest inland body of water and is bordered by three continents: Asia, Africa and Europe. Covering an area of around 965,000 square miles, the sea is interspersed with numerous islands, including several island nations. Sicily is an autonomous administrative region of Italy. The island overlooks the Tyrrhenian Sea, an arm of the Mediterranean Sea. Due to its geographical location, the Mediterranean has long been established as the crossroads between African and European cultures. Aside from Sicily, other major islands in the Mediterranean Sea include Sardinia, Crete, Corsica, Cyprus, Rhodes and Malta.


Yellowstone National Park is in which US state?

Where is Yellowstone National Park? Home | Where is Yellowstone National Park? Where is Yellowstone National Park? Yellowstone is in the Northwest Region of the United States Yellowstone National Park covers 3,472 square miles. Even though the official address is to the state of Wyoming, Yellowstone is actually in three states. The majority of the Park (96%) is in Wyoming. A small section of the Park (3%) to the north and northwest is in Montana. And a small section of the Park (1%) to the west is in Idaho. Getting Around Gateway Towns to Yellowstone National Park Towns nearest Yellowstone’s five entrances include West Yellowstone, Montana ; Jackson Hole, Wyoming ; Cody, Wyoming ; Cooke City, Montana ;  Gardiner, Montana ; Livingston, Montana ; and Island Park, Idaho . Each town has its own character and history. These nearby towns offer convenient lodging, camping, activities, and attractions. Yellowstone Seasonal Access All five entrances , facilities, and roads (barring road construction) are open during the summer vacation season. Parts of the national park are closed to wheeled vehicles during the winter (November through early May). Many facilities also have seasonal opening and closing dates . Several times a year, all national parks have free days . Otherwise, entry fees apply. Please check Yellowstone’s regulations before entering the park. Yellowstone is enormous, which is why it’s a good idea to figure out what you want to see and know which entrance is closest to those sights. Choose your park portal by reading Which Entrance to Yellowstone National Park Should I Take? Getting Around Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone’s main roads are the five entrance roads and the Grand Loop road. On the Loop, you’ll find many visitor centers, museums, boardwalks, and scenic side roads. All major roads are accessible by RVs and other large vehicles, but most side roads are not. Yellowstone has no shuttle bus service. To travel around Yellowstone, you’ll need a car, motorcycle, bike, or tour transportation . Yellowstone has eight main visitor areas with  visitor centers , lodging, and museums. These include: Mammoth Hot Springs, Tower-Roosevelt, Canyon Village, Fishing Bridge, West Thumb, Grant Village, Old Faithful, and Madison.


Who became the chairman of Watford Football Club in 1977?

Football :EltonJohn.com Football “I never want to be without Watford.” (1982) – Elton John Born in Pinner, just outside London, Elton’s nearest professional club was Watford. In his early teens he naturally gravitated to the club, watching from the terraces as the club’s cult hero of the late ’50s /early ’60s — Cliff Holton — banged in goal after goal. At this stage, Watford were in the lower reaches of English football’s four-tier professional game, but a decade later they came to prominence when they reached The FA Cup semi-final of 1970. At that stage, Elton expressed an interest in getting involved, but it wasn’t until August 1973 that he became a Vice-President of the club —a figurative role in English football, rather than an executive position. Elton in goal at Watford Football Club, 1973 Elton in goal at Watford Football Club, 1973 His first role as a Vice-President was to hold a fund-raising gig at the club’s Vicarage Road Stadium in May 1974 that saw Nazareth in support and Rod Stewart guesting. Some 31,000 packed into the ground in the same month his Caribou album was released. No one was left in any doubt about his love of Watford and soon, his astute knowledge of the game and obvious enthusiasm saw him asked to join the club’s Board of Directors. Then, in the summer of 1976, 29-year-old Elton bought the club’s majority shareholding and he assumed the role of Chairman. Understandably at the time, the notion of a pop star running a football club was treated with some incredulity, but Elton took to the task with the professionalism that has hallmarked his career. Watford were now in the bottom division of English football and things had to change. He was not a figurehead Chairman, and in Easter 1977, he set about find the club a new manager to match his ambition of taking Watford to the top. “I asked Don Revie (then national team manager) who to go after and he didn’t hesitate,” said Elton at the time. “He gave me the name of Graham Taylor.” After an initial courtship while he convinced Graham of the seriousness of his ambitions for the club, it was a marriage made in heaven. One of the great double-acts of the modern football era was born and over the next five years Watford rose from the basement of the game to its penthouse. Having moved through Divisions Four and Three, promotion to the top flight came in May 1982. But it didn’t end there. The Hornets, Watford’s nickname, finished runners-up in their first Division One (now the Premier League) season, qualifying them to play in European club competitions in the 1983/84 campaign. It was at the end at that campaign that a “family circle” was completed. Watford reached the 1984 FA Cup Final, and tearfully, Chairman Elton stepped out on to the turf of Wembley Stadium — the same turf trodden by his cousin Roy 25 years earlier. The Cup Final appearance was the culmination of a period characterised by good management, unflagging commitment and raw enthusiasm. Big money player purchases were not the key to the Hornets’ success. “Elton John’s Taylor-made Army” had an unquantifiable aura which turned it into an unstoppable force. Elton now turned his attention to improving the stadium itself and in 1986 he funded a new 3,500-seater grandstand as the club established itself at the top level of the game. But Graham Taylor left for pastures new the following year —en route to becoming England manager and for Elton, the magic had gone. He remained as Chairman, but in 1990 sold his majority shareholding and was asked to be the club’s Honorary Life-President, a position he still holds. Without the Elton-Taylor axis at the helm, the club drifted back down the divisions in the 1990s. But sport is an unpredictable beast and amazingly, Graham Taylor returned to the club in February 1996, with a point to prove after a difficult stint as England boss. A year on, he took to the club’s pitch before a game to announce to a packed crowd: “Elton’s coming home.” The stadium positively erupted. So did Watford’s fortunes. With Elton back as Chairman and Taylor at the helm too, successi