Which planet has been the focus of investigations for signs of life?

Life on Other Planets - Universe Today   Universe Today by Abby Cessna [/caption] For centuries, men have pondered the possibility of life on other planets and tried to prove its existence. Even before the first shuttle or probe was launched, stories of life on other planets and life invading our own planet, were published prolifically. Whether it’s a desire to connect with others or a burning curiosity to know whether we are truly alone, the question of life on other planets fascinates people from every walk of life. An article on extraterrestrial life would not be complete without discussing Mars. Mars has been the biggest focus of the ongoing search for life on other planets for decades. This is not just a wild assumption or fancy; there are several reasons why scientists consider Mars the best place to look for extraterrestrial life. One reason why many people, including scientists, look to Mars as a possible source of life is because they believe there may be water on the planet. Since the telescope was first invented, astronomers have been able to see the channels in the terrain that look like canals or canyons. Finding water on a planet is vitally important to proving that life exists there because it acts as a solvent in chemical reactions for carbon-based life. Another reason astronomers consider Mars as a likely location for life is because there is a good possibility that Mars is in the habitable zone. The habitable zone is a theoretical band of space a certain distance from the Sun in which conditions are optimal for the existence of carbon-based life. Unsurprisingly, Earth is in the middle of the habitable zone. Although astronomers do not know how far this zone could extend, some think that Mars could be in it. Most astronomers are looking for life that is carbon-based and similar to life on Earth. For instance, the habitable zone only applies to favorable conditions for supporting carbon-based life, and it is definitely possible for forms of life that do not need water to exist. Astronomers do not limit themselves to our Solar System either, suggesting that we should look at different solar systems. Scientists are planning to use interferometry–an investigative technique that implements lasers, which is used in astronomy as well as other fields– to find planets in the habitable zones of other solar systems. Astronomers believe that there are hundreds of solar systems and thousands of planets, which means that statistically the odds are favorable for finding another planet that supports life. While NASA develops better probes, the search for life continues. There are a number of sites with more information including life on other planets from Groninger Kapteyn Institute astronomy students and NASA predicts non-green plants on other planets from NASA.


In the general theory of relativity what causes space-time to be modified?

BBC Universe - General relativity: Warped space-time and black holes Listen now 45 min Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the Vacuum of Space. Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the Vacuum of Space, from the innards of the atom to the outer reaches of space. About General relativity General relativity (GR, also known as the general theory of relativity or GTR) is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915 and the current description of gravitation in modern physics. General relativity generalizes special relativity and Newton's law of universal gravitation, providing a unified description of gravity as a geometric property of space and time, or spacetime. In particular, the curvature of spacetime is directly related to the energy and momentum of whatever matter and radiation are present. The relation is specified by the Einstein field equations, a system of partial differential equations. Some predictions of general relativity differ significantly from those of classical physics, especially concerning the passage of time, the geometry of space, the motion of bodies in free fall, and the propagation of light. Examples of such differences include gravitational time dilation, gravitational lensing, the gravitational redshift of light, and the gravitational time delay. The predictions of general relativity have been confirmed in all observations and experiments to date. Although general relativity is not the only relativistic theory of gravity, it is the simplest theory that is consistent with experimental data. However, unanswered questions remain, the most fundamental being how general relativity can be reconciled with the laws of quantum physics to produce a complete and self-consistent theory of quantum gravity. Einstein's theory has important astrophysical implications. For example, it implies the existence of black holes—regions of space in which space and time are distorted in such a way that nothing, not even light, can escape—as an end-state for massive stars. There is ample evidence that the intense radiation emitted by certain kinds of astronomical objects is due to black holes; for example, microquasars and active galactic nuclei result from the presence of stellar black holes and supermassive black holes, respectively. The bending of light by gravity can lead to the phenomenon of gravitational lensing, in which multiple images of the same distant astronomical object are visible in the sky. General relativity also predicts the existence of gravitational waves, which have since been observed directly by physics collaboration LIGO. In addition, general relativity is the basis of current cosmological models of a consistently expanding universe.


Which space probes failed to find life on Mars?

Historic Spacecraft - Mars Probes Historic Spacecraft Historical Overview of Mars Exploration Since the early 1960's, dozens of spacecraft have been sent to explore Mars. The first spacecraft to successfully flyby Mars was the American Mariner 4 spacecraft. Orbit was first achieved with Mariner 9 in 1971. The mission returned thousands of images, giving us our first global look at the planet. The Soviet Mars 3 mission was the first to land on the surface. Unfortunately, communication ceased shortly after touchdown. The Viking program consisted of two orbiters and two landers. The landers studied many aspects of the surface and conducted sophisticated experiments to search for life. Mars missions have seen frequent failures, but have also some spectacular successes. 1996 saw the launch of Mars Pathfinder and Mars Global Surveyor . The Pathfinder lander tested an airbag landing technique and included the small Sojourner rover. Mars 96 , a Russian probe launched the same year, suffered a booster malfunction and fell back to Earth. The success of both Mars Pathfinder and Mars Global Surveyor were to start off a period of frequent missions. NASA planed on launching Mars spacecraft every two years as the planets aligned properly. Disaster struck in 1998. Both the Mars Climate Orbiter and the Mars Polar Lander spacecraft were destroyed upon reaching Mars. The success rate increased in the coming years. Mars Odyssey , an orbiter launched in 2001, was successful. During the 2003 launch window, NASA sent the twin Mars Exploration Rovers to the red planet. The rovers, known as Opportunity and Spirit, utilized an airbag landing technique similar to that tested on the Mars Pathfinder mission. The rovers both operated for years beyond their 90 day design life. Also launched in 2003 was the European Mars Express mission. A small lander, Beagle 2, was carried to Mars on the Mars Express spacecraft. The lander failed to contact Earth and might have crashed into the surface. Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter , launched in 2005, has provided high resolution imagery of the Martian surface. The spacecraft's cameras have even captured photos of landers on the surface. The Phoenix Mars Lander , launched in 2007, landed in the polar regions. Equipped with a robot arm, the probe was able to dig into a layer of water ice just centimeters below the surface. Landing in 2012, the large Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover carried a more sophisticated array of scientific instruments than recent landers. With power supplied by a radioisotope thermal generator, rather than by solar panels, MSL will be able to travel farther and faster then previous rovers. Still more missions are in the planning stages, including sophisticated rovers and sample return missions. Cronological List of Selected Mars Missions Mission Failed to enter Mars orbit. Mars 5 Entered Mars orbit, but failed after a few days Mars 6 Returned atmospheric data during descent, but did not survive landing. Mars 7 Mariner 4 Mission Mariner 3 & 4 were intended to conduct flybys of the planet Mars. Each spacecraft was launched on an Atlas-Agena D rocket (right). Mariner 3 Mariner 3 was launched on 5 November 1964. A launch shroud failed to separate and the spacecraft was not placed on the correct trajectory. Mariner 4 Mariner 4 was launched on 28 November 1964. The spacecraft successfully flew by Mars on 14 July 1965. The mission returned the first close-up images of another planets surface. Mariner 6 & 7 Mariner 6 Mission Mariner 6 & 7 were intended to conduct flybys of the planet Mars. Each spacecraft was launched on an Atlas-Centaur rocket (right). Mariner 6 Mariner 6 (Mariner F), was launched on 24 February 1969. The spacecraft successfully flew by Mars in July 1969. The mission returned images of the Martian surface. Mariner 7 Mariner 7 (Mariner G) was launched on 27 March 1969.  The spacecraft successfully flew by Mars in August 1969. The mission returned images of the Martian surface. Mariner 8 & 9 Mariner 9 Mission Mariner 8 & 9, sometimes known as "Mariner Mars 71


Which type of celestial object emits bursts of energy at regular intervals?

Astronomical Terms Health and Science > Astronomy > Astronomical Measurement Astronomical Terms The Milky Way, the galaxy containing our solar system, is about 100,000 light-years in diameter and about 10,000 light-years thick. Aphelion: see Orbit. Apogee: see Orbit. Black hole: the theoretical end-product of the total gravitational collapse of a massive star or group of stars. Crushed even smaller than the incredibly dense neutron star, the black hole may become so dense that not even light can escape its gravitational field. In 1996, astronomers found strong evidence for a massive black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Recent evidence suggests that black holes are so common that they probably exist at the core of nearly all galaxies. Conjunction: the alignment of two celestial objects at the same celestial longitude. Conjunction of the Moon and planets is often determined with reference to the Sun. For example, Saturn is said to be in conjunction with the Sun when Saturn and Earth are aligned on opposite sides of the Sun. Mercury and Venus, the two planets with orbits within Earth's orbit, have two positions of conjunction. Mercury, for example, is said to be in inferior conjunction when the Sun and Earth are aligned on opposite sides of Mercury. Mercury is in superior conjunction when Mercury and Earth are aligned on opposite sides of the Sun. Dwarf planet: see Planet. Elongation: the angular distance between two points in the sky as measured from a third point. The elongation of Mercury, for example, is the angular distance between Mercury and the Sun as measured from Earth. Planets whose orbits are outside Earth's can have elongations between 0° and 180°. (When a planet's elongation is 0°, it is at conjunction; when it is 180°, it is at opposition.) Because Mercury and Venus are within Earth's orbit, their greatest elongations measured from Earth are 28° and 47°, respectively. Galaxy: gas and millions of stars held together by gravity. All that you can see in the sky (with a very few exceptions) belongs to our galaxy—a system of roughly 200 billion stars. The exceptions you can see are other galaxies. Our own galaxy, the rim of which we see as the “ Milky Way ,” is about 100,000 light-years in diameter and about 10,000 light-years in thickness. Its shape is roughly that of a thick lens; more precisely, it is a spiral nebula, a term first used for other galaxies when they were discovered and before it was realized that these were separate and distinct galaxies. Astronomers have estimated that the universe could contain 40 to 50 billion galaxies. In 2004, the Hubble Space Telescope and observers at the Keck Observatory in Hawaii discovered a new galaxy 13 billion light-years from Earth. Neutron star: an extremely dense star with a powerful gravitational pull. Some neutron stars pulse radio waves into space as they spin; these are known as pulsars . Occultation: the eclipse of one celestial object by another. For example, a star is occulted when the Moon passes between it and Earth. Opposition: the alignment of two celestial objects when their longitude differs by 180°. Opposition of the Moon and planets is often determined with reference to the Sun. For example, Saturn is said to be at opposition when Saturn and the Sun are aligned on opposite sides of Earth. Only the planets whose orbits lie outside Earth's can be in opposition to the Sun. Orbit: the path traveled by an object in space. The term comes from the Latin orbis, which means “circle” or “disk,” and orbita, “orbit.” Theoretically, there are four mathematical figures, or models, of possible orbits: two are open (hyperbola and parabola) and two are closed (ellipse and circle), but in reality all closed orbits are ellipses. Ellipses can be nearly circular, as are the orbits of most planets, or very elongated, as are the orbits of most comets, but the orbit revolves around a fixed, or focal, point. In our solar system, the Sun's gravitational pull keeps the planets in their elliptical orbits; the planets hold their moons in place similarly. For


Klm Airlines (KL) : Find Klm Airlines Flights and Deals – CheapOair Classes of Service World Business Class, Europe Business Class and Economy Class are the three classes of service offered by KLM Airlines. World Business Class: Pamper yourself with irresistible luxury in the World Business Class. Relax in bed-like seats that come with features like 180 degree recline, ample legroom and headrest. Enjoy a range of audio and video programs on your personal 17 in monitor, you can even request magazines on-board. Treat your taste buds to delicious three course meals prepared by quality Dutch chefs and don't forget to enjoy the exotic wines available on-board. Europe Business Class: In the Europe Business Class all the middle seats are unoccupied so privacy is guaranteed. Seats are extremely comfortable and come with features like superior reclining and ample legroom. Whether you want to treat your taste buds to delicious breakfasts, three course menus or exotic wines, the dining choices offered are impressive to say the least. Those of you who love a good read can enjoy the selection of newspapers and magazines available on-board. Economy Class: Seats are ergonomically designed and come equipped with features like ample legroom, headrest and superior reclining. Treat your taste buds to everything from delicious meals to alcoholic beverages, you can even request special meals (low salt, diabetic etc) in advance. On intercontinental flights passengers can enjoy a range of audio and video programs, while on flights within Europe passengers can choose from a selection of newspapers and magazines. Book KLM Airlines Tickets with CheapOair   KLM Airlines is the national airline of Netherlands, with its main operating hub situated at the Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, Netherlands. This airline is renowned for its network, and operates scheduled flights to more than 133 destinations across 69 countries. Some of the famous destinations that this airline covers are London, Orlando, Washington, Melbourne, Calgary, Vancouver, Beijing, Paris, Frankfurt, Mumbai, Tel Aviv and many more. KLM Airlines is one of the few airlines that rank high on all the fronts: comfort, dining and entertainment. In-Flight Amenities Enjoy more than 1000 hours of entertainment which includes about 80 movies, numerous television programs, music albums and much more. Begin your meal with a delicious appetizer, then enjoy the main dish and end the experience with an exotic dessert, your taste buds will certainly have a great time. Seats are designed for your comfort and come with features like 180 degree recline, ample legroom, headrest, footrest and much more. Online Check-In All you need is an internet connection and you can select your desired seat from the comfort of your home or office. After selecting your seat, print your boarding pass and you are good to go. This process is not only fast but also efficient. Web check-in is available from 30 hours up to an hour before the flight's scheduled departure time. Rewards Programs and Perks Enjoy special benefits and rewards with 'Flying Blue' which is KLM's frequent flyer program. Here's how it works, every time you fly with KLM or any of its code share partners, you earn a specific number of miles depending on your purchase. You can then redeem these miles for rewards like complimentary tickets, hotel stays, car rental offers and much more. Get there on time, every time! Check your flight status here.   Perfect services. Good food and drink.    - Radoslav    Jan 18, 2017 V.C


What two letters are worth the most in a game of Scrabble?

10 Words That Will Win You Any Game of Scrabble | Mental Floss 10 Words That Will Win You Any Game of Scrabble Hasbro Like us on Facebook Whether you consider winning at Scrabble a case of extreme luck or supreme spelling ability, here are 10 words that—if conditions are right—will help you trump any opponent. 1. Oxyphenbutazone Definition: An anti-inflammatory medication used to treat arthritis and bursitis. Conditions: The theoretically highest-possible scoring word under American Scrabble play—as calculated by Dan Stock of Ohio—has never actually been played … and probably never will (unless you’re really, really lucky). That’s because it has to be played across three triple word score squares and build on eight already-played (and perfectly positioned) tiles. Points: 1,778 2. Quizzify Definition: To quiz or question. Conditions: Not only will you need to draw the game’s only Q and Z tiles (there’s only one of each), but a blank tile, too (in place of the second Z). Play this verb as your first word across two triple word squares with the Z on a double letter score square and you’ve got the game’s most valuable eight-letter bingo. Points: 419 3. Oxazepam Definition: An anti-anxiety drug. Conditions: All that stress will melt away if you can build on one existing letter , play across two triple word score squares, place one of the most valuable tiles (i.e. X or Z) on a double letter score square and net a 50-point bingo. Points: 392 4. Quetzals Definition: The national bird of Guatemala as well as one of its monetary units. Conditions: Placement is everything to score this whopper of a word: Building on one letter, use all seven letters on your rack for a 50-point bingo, with Q and S on triple word score square and Z on a double letter score space. Points: 374 5. Quixotry Definition: A romantic or quixotic idea or action. Conditions: In 2007, Michael Cresta used an already-played R and all seven of his tiles across two triple word score squares to earn the most points ever on a single turn, which aided in a second record for the full-time carpenter: the highest-ever individual game score (830 points). Points: 365 6. Gherkins Definition: A small pickle, made from an immature cucumber. Conditions: In 1985, Robert Kahn paid tribute to the pickle at the National Scrabble Championship in Boston—using an E and R already on the board—to set a record for a non-bingo word score. Points: 180 7. Quartzy Definition: Resembling quartz. Conditions: “Quartzy” held the record for highest-ever single turn score until “Quixotry” nearly doubled its total in 2007. Play it across a triple word score square with Z as a double letter score, with a 50-point bingo for using all seven letters on your rack. Points: 164 8. Muzjiks Definition: A Russian peasant. Conditions: On its own (with no bonuses or extra points), “muzjiks” is worth an impressive 29 points. But exhaust all of your tiles on your first turn to spell it, and you’ll earn more than four times that—which is what player Jesse Inman did at the National Scrabble Championship in Orlando in 2008 to earn the record for highest opening score. Points: 126 9. Syzygy Definition: An alignment of three celestial bodies. Conditions: Forget trying to pronounce it (though, for the record, it’s “SIZ-i-jee”). Instead, just remember how to spell it—and that it’s worth 21 points au naturel . You’ll need one blank tile to make up for the lack of Ys (there are only two in the game). For a higher total, land the Z on a double letter score square and the final Y on a triple word score square. Points: 93 10. Za Definition: Slang term for pizza. Conditions: Big words are great and all, but two-letter words can also score big . And be especially annoying to your opponent. Build on two As—one directly below, the other directly to the right of a triple letter square—to spell this two-letter delectable across and down. Points: 62


After how many years of marriage would you celebrate your ruby anniversary?

Wedding Anniversary List: Names by Years Married - Disabled World Wedding Anniversary List: Names by Years Married Print Published: 2011-06-27 (Rev. 2015-06-04) - Contact: Ian Langtree at Disabled World Synopsis: A list of wedding anniversaries by year that includes the names of materials symbols and flowers associated with the anniversary. About Wedding Anniversary A wedding anniversary is defined as the anniversary of the date a wedding took place. Traditional names exist for some of them: for instance, 50 years of marriage is called a "golden wedding anniversary" or simply a "golden anniversary" or "golden wedding". Main Document "In the United States, one can receive a greeting from the President for any wedding anniversary on or after the 50th." What is a Wedding Anniversary? A wedding anniversary is the anniversary of the date a wedding took place. On a wedding anniversary in many countries it is traditional to give a gift to your partner (or couples) that symbolize the number of years of marriage. The names of some wedding anniversaries provide guidance for appropriate or traditional gifts for the spouses to give each other; if there is a party to celebrate the wedding anniversary these gifts can be brought by the guests and/or influence the theme or decoration of the venue. Jump-To: Ring Size Chart Lists of wedding anniversary gifts vary by country. Listed below is a list of wedding anniversaries by year that includes materials, symbols, and flowers associated with the occasion. Wedding anniversary names common to most nations include: Wooden (5th), Tin (10th), Crystal (15th), China (20th), Silver (25th), Pearl (30th), Ruby (40th), Golden (50th), and Diamond (60th). Wedding Anniversary Gifts List 77.4 Facts: Wedding Anniversary The celebration of wedding anniversaries dates back to Roman times when husbands gave their wives a silver wreath for 25 years of marriage, and a gold wreath for 50. Today there are traditional and modern materials related to each wedding anniversary, usually progressing from the weakest to the strongest as the years go by, to symbolize the strengthening of the relationship. In the United States, one can receive a greeting from the President for any wedding anniversary on or after the 50th. In the British Commonwealth domains you may receive a message from the monarch for your 60th, 65th, and 70th wedding anniversaries, and any wedding anniversary after that by applying to Buckingham Palace in the U.K., or to the Governor-General's office in the other Commonwealth realms. An exception being Australia and Canada. The delivery of congratulatory messages marking 100th birthdays and 60th wedding anniversaries is arranged by the Anniversaries Office at Buckingham Palace. In Canada you may also receive a message from the Governor General for the 50th anniversary, and every 5th anniversary after that. In Australia may receive a letter of congratulations from the Governor General on the 50th and all subsequent wedding anniversaries; the Prime Minister, the federal Opposition leader, local members of parliament (both state and federal), and state Governors may also send salutations for the same anniversaries. Roman Catholics may apply for a Papal blessing through their local diocese for wedding anniversaries of a special nature such as their 25th, 50th, 60th, etc. anniversaries.


Where would a troglodyte live? In a cave, up a tree or underwater?

New Feature: Title Field in Questions - Etudes New Feature: Title Field in Questions June 11, 2015 by Etudes Admin 0 Instructors now have the ability to add a “Title” when authoring objective questions or essays (assignments) in the assessment engine of Etudes. This optional field provides a way to categorize questions by keywords or phrases. For example, the title may be the chapter or unit that the question’s content is derived from, or it could be used to identify questions in summative assessments to collect Student Learning Outcomes (SLO) data (see Using the Question Title Field for SLO Data Collection ).  Adding Titles to Questions When adding a question, you may also provide a title. Use one word or very short phrase for this field.  If titles are included in questions during authoring, they will be listed in a separate column in the question list of your pools.  The Title column is sortable. If you like to author your questions offline in a text file and bulk upload / paste them into Etudes via the offline authoring functionality, you can include titles to your questions by adding “QuestionTitle:” (case insensitive) after the question, as in the following: Where would a “troglodyte” live? *1. In a cave


How many counters does each player have at the start of a game of backgammon?

How Many Counters Does Each Player Have at the Start of a Game of Backgammon | uk.QACollections.com How Many Counters Does Each Player Have at the Start of a Game of Backgammon  How Many Counters Does Each Player Have at the Start of a Game of Backgammon? Each Player as 15 counters in a Backgammon. The counters are also known as checkers, draughts, stones, men or chips. Backgammon is one of the oldest board games, with archaeological evidence up to ... Read More » Related Videos Top Q&A For: How Many Counters Does Each Player Have at the ... How Many Counters in Backgammon? Backgammon has thirty pieces, or fifteen for each of the two players. The pieces in Backgammon are also known as checkers, draughts, pieces, men, stones or counters. How Many Senators Does Each State Have? Each state is represented by two senators. Each senator is given six years senate terms. According to the law, no person shall be a senator who have not attained the age of thirty. Where to Buy Backgammon Game Sets? Backgammon can be a fun and exciting game for the whole family to enjoy. When choosing a Backgammon set to buy, you will want to shop from a place that gives you a variety of options in style, desi... Read More » http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_4557155_where-buy-backgammon-game-sets.html How Many Calories Should a Man Have Each Day? A man's daily calorie intake is influenced by his age and activity levels, as well as his weight and other health factors. If you are trying to lose weight, you'll obviously need to intake fewer ca... Read More »


How many centimetres make up a hand, the measurement used on horses?

How to Measure the Height of Horses: 4 Steps (with Pictures) How to Measure the Height of Horses Community Q&A Egyptians created forms of measurement thousands of years ago. One of the measurements still widely used today is the hand. Each hand represents four inches and is the primary way to measure the height of a horse. By taking a linear measurement and converting the numbers to hands, the height of a horse can be determined. Steps 1 Purchase a horse measuring stick marked with hand measures. If a horse measuring stick is not available, a standard measuring tape is acceptable. Horse measuring sticks can be found at equestrian supply stores (tack shops), farm supply stores and from various online retailers. 2 Make sure the horse is standing on firm level ground with its front feet as even as possible. 3 Place the horse measuring stick or measuring tape at the base of one of the horse's front feet and pull the measuring device up to the withers. The withers is located at the top of the shoulders between the neck and back and is considered the highest point on a horse. The highest point of a horse is actually the top of its head, (also known as the poll), but since a horse moves its head up and down frequently, it is difficult to record this measurement accurately. Stretch the measuring device to the highest point of the withers. More precisely, extend the measuring device up to the spiny ridge between the horse's shoulder blades. 4 Record the measurement. If the horse measuring stick is being used, then the measurement can be recorded in hands immediately. If a measuring tape is being used, conversion of the measurement from inches to hands is required. One hand equals 4 inches (10.2 cm), so divide the measurement by 4. For example, if the horse measures 71 inches (180.3 cm), divide 71 by 4 inches. The result is 17 hands with 3 inches (7.6 cm) left over. The final height would be recorded as 17.75 hands. Community Q&A Can I increase the height of my horse? wikiHow Contributor Not really, though you can make sure to feed your horse the proper feed and nutrients when the horse is young, to prevent the horse from having stunted growth. When you're using a measuring stick, do you take the measurement from the top side or the bottom side of the reading bar? wikiHow Contributor Unanswered Questions Do you use the flat bottom of cross bar on stick or the curved top with level? If this question (or a similar one) is answered twice in this section, please click here to let us know. Video Tips The hand is the most common form of horse measurement in the United States, Canada, and England. However, throughout other locations around the world, the metric system is used to record the horse's height. When a horse measures one half hands, indicate the measurement with .2 and not with .5. A horse measuring stick is the easiest way to measure a horse quickly and accurately. A horse measuring under 14.3 hands high is, by definition, a pony, regardless of breed. The height of an average horse is roughly 16 hands.


In what year did the weather forecast appear in The Times newspaper for the first time?

History of the National Weather Service History of the National Weather Service Weather.gov > History of the National Weather Service The National Weather Service has its beginning in the early history of the United States. Weather always has been important to the citizenry of this country, and this was especially true during the 17th and 18th centuries. Weather also was important to many of the Founding Fathers. Colonial leaders who formed the path to independence of our country also were avid weather observers. Thomas Jefferson purchased a thermometer from a local Philadelphia merchant while in town for the adoption of the Declaration of Independence. He also purchased a barometer — one of the only ones in America at the time — a few days later from the same merchant. Incidentally, he noted that the high temperature in Philadelphia, Pa., on July 4, 1776 was 76 degrees. Jefferson made regular observations at Monticello from 1772-78, and participated in taking the first known simultaneous weather observations in America. George Washington also took regular observations; the last weather entry in his diary was made the day before he died. During the early and mid-1800's, weather observation networks began to grow and expand across the United States. Although most basic meteorological instruments had existed for over 100 years, it was the telegraph that was largely responsible for the advancement of operational meteorology during the 19th century. With the advent of the telegraph, weather observations from distant points could be "rapidly" collected, plotted and analyzed at one location. 1800-1899 2006-2009 2010-Current 1849: Smithsonian Institution supplies weather instruments to telegraph companies and establishes extensive observation network. Observations submitted by telegraph to the Smithsonian, where weather maps are created. By the end of 1849, 150 volunteers throughout the United States were reporting weather observations to the Smithsonian regularly. By 1860, 500 stations were furnishing daily telegraphic weather reports to the Washington Evening Star, and as the network grew, other existing systems were gradually absorbed, including several state weather services. 1860: 500 stations are making regular observations, but work is interrupted by the Civil War. 1869: Telegraph service, instituted in Cincinnati, began collecting weather data and producing weather charts. The ability to observe and display simultaneously observed weather data, through the use of the telegraph, quickly led to initial efforts toward the next logical advancement, the forecasting of weather. However, the ability to observe and forecast weather over much of the country, required considerable structure and organization, which could be provided through a government agency. 1870: A Joint Congressional Resolution requiring the Secretary of War "to provide for taking meteorological observations at the military stations in the interior of the continent, and at other points in the States and Territories...and for giving notice on the northern lakes and on the seacoast, by magnetic telegraph and marine signals, of the approach and force of storms" was introduced. Congress passed the resolution and on February 9, 1870, President Ulysses S. Grant signed it into law. A new national weather service had been born within the U.S. Army Signal Service’s Division of Telegrams and Reports for the Benefit of Commerce that would affect the daily lives of most of the citizens of the United States through its forecasts and warnings for years to come. 1870-1880: Gen. Albert J. Myer serves as chief signal officer, directing the new weather service. 1880: Upon the death of Gen. Myer, Gen. William Babcock Hazen takes over as chief signal officer. He serves until his death in 1887. 1887: Upon the death of Gen. Hazen, Maj. Gen. Adolphus Greely takes over as chief signal officer. He serves until his death in 1891. May 30, 1889: An earthen dam breaks near Johnstown, Pennsylvania. The flood kills 2,209 people and wrecks 1,880 homes and businesses. October 1, 1890: The we


What is the largest of the West Indian islands?

West Indies | Article about West Indies by The Free Dictionary West Indies | Article about West Indies by The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/West+Indies Related to West Indies: East Indies West Indies, archipelago, between North and South America, curving c.2,500 mi (4,020 km) from Florida to the coast of Venezuela and separating the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico from the Atlantic Ocean. The archipelago, sometimes called the Antilles, is divided into three groups: the Bahamas Bahamas, the , officially Commonwealth of the Bahamas, independent nation (2005 est. pop. 301,800), 4,403 sq mi (11,404 sq km), in the Atlantic Ocean, consisting of some 700 islands and islets and about 2,400 cays, beginning c.50 mi (80 km) off SE Florida and extending c. ..... Click the link for more information. ; the Greater Antilles ( Cuba Cuba , officially Republic of Cuba, republic (2005 est. pop. 11,347,000), 42,804 sq mi (110,860 sq km), consisting of the island of Cuba and numerous adjacent islands, in the Caribbean Sea. Havana is the capital and largest city. ..... Click the link for more information. , Jamaica Jamaica , independent state within the Commonwealth (2005 est. pop. 2,732,000), 4,232 sq mi (10,962 sq km), coextensive with the island of Jamaica, West Indies, S of Cuba and W of Haiti. Jamaica is the largest island in the Caribbean after Cuba and Hispaniola. ..... Click the link for more information. , Haiti Haiti , Fr. Haïti , officially Republic of Haiti, republic (2005 est. pop. 8,122,000), 10,700 sq mi (27,713 sq km), West Indies, on the western third of the island of Hispaniola. ..... Click the link for more information. , the Dominican Republic Dominican Republic , republic (2005 est. pop. 8,950,000), 18,700 sq mi (48,442 sq km), West Indies, on the eastern two thirds of the island of Hispaniola. The capital and largest city is Santo Domingo. ..... Click the link for more information. , and Puerto Rico Puerto Rico , island (2005 est. pop. 3,917,000), 3,508 sq mi (9,086 sq km), West Indies, c.1,000 mi (1,610 km) SE of Miami, Fla. Officially known as the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (a self-governing entity in association with the United States), it includes the offshore islands ..... Click the link for more information. ); and the Lesser Antilles ( Leeward Islands Leeward Islands , northern group of the Lesser Antilles in the West Indies, extending SE from Puerto Rico to the Windward Islands. The principal islands are the American Virgin Islands; the French island and overseas dept. ..... Click the link for more information. , Windward Islands Windward Islands, southern group of the Lesser Antilles in the West Indies, curving generally southward for c.300 mi (480 km) from the Leeward Islands toward NE Venezuela. ..... Click the link for more information. , Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago , officially Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, republic (2005 est. pop. 1,088,000), 1,980 sq mi (5,129 sq km), West Indies. The capital is Port of Spain. ..... Click the link for more information. , Barbados Barbados , island state (2005 est. pop. 279,300), 166 sq mi (430 sq km), in the West Indies. The capital and largest city is Bridgetown. Land, People, and Economy The island, E of St. Vincent, in the Windward Islands, is the easternmost of the Caribbean islands. ..... Click the link for more information. ) and the islands off the northern coast of Venezuela. The British dependent territories are the Cayman Islands Cayman Islands , British dependency (2005 est. pop. 44,300), 100 sq mi (259 sq km), comprising three low-lying islands in the West Indies. George Town, the capital and chief port, is on Grand Cayman; the other islands are Little Cayman and Cayman Brac. ..... Click the link for more information. , the Turks and Caicos Islands Turks and Caicos Islands , dependency of Great Britain (2005 est. pop. 20,600), 166 sq mi (430 sq km), West Indies. There are more than 30 cays and islands, of which eight are inhabited. Geographically, the islands are a southeastern continuation of the Bahamas. .....


St Johnstown was once the capital city of Scotland. By what name is St Johnstown now known?

￼ • Perth, Ontario - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Perth, Scotland [44 miles (71km) N of Edinburgh, 22 miles (35km) SW of Dundee, 64 miles (103km) NE of Glasgow] The Perth Scotland City Hall at right [photo by Adam Murray - Perth Scotland] Known to the Romans as Bertha from the Celtic 'Aber The' meaning mouth of the Tay. The city has been a Royal Burgh since the 13thC and was a Royal residence throughout the middle ages. Perth is often referred to as the Ancient Capital of Scotland on this account until the mid-15th century. Perth, Scotland retains close ties to its counterpart in Ontario. Perth Ontario and Perth Scotland were "twinned" in 2000 . The Town of Perth Ontario invited a delegation from Perth Scotland to visit Canada to help celebrate the millennium in July of that year and at the same time form a twinning link. Like Perth Ontario, Perth Scotland has an old golf course, the oldest golf course in Scotland and indeed the world. The North Inch golf course was in use back in the 15th century. Church records show punishments being handed out to members who played golf on the Sabbath rather than go to church (circa 1596). It started life as a six hole course and was steadily increased throughout the years. Today of course it is a full 18 holes. It is not a difficult course, but very enjoyable to play. The course is best described as parkland. The North Inch is one of the two large parks in the city which have been there for hundreds of years. The other - the South Inch - also had a course, but this was closed some 200 years ago. [submitted by Jack Paterson - Totnes in Devon, Sout West England - a very lovely Elizabethan Town, the second oldest bourough in England] Perth & Kinross already had strong links with Perth, Ontario. Over the last few years the two communities, in particular the Pipe and Drum Bands had formed exchanges and maintained strong friendships. Adam Murray of Perth in Scotland recently discovered this site and provided the following photos from Perth Scotland.[Thanks Adam!] Adam Murray of Perth in Scotland recently discovered this site and provided the following photos from Perth Scotland.[Thanks Adam!] The church in the distance is called St Christophers and is of the protestant faith (Church of Scotland).   Tay Street from the Railroad Bridge King's Road on an Early Summer Morning looking down the Perth High Street towards the old high street at the end. looking down at Perth in the Tay valley from up on Moncrieffe Hill Dusk above Perth Scotland You may visit Perth, Scotland online at Perthshire Scotland or Perth and Kinross Council homepage. See Also: Perth, Western Australia [12 miles by rail from the sea at Freemantle, 1700 miles WNW of Melbourne] Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, is home to 1.38 million people and enjoys more hours of sunshine than any other capital city in Australia. Arguably the largest state in the world, Western Australia covers one-third of the Australian continent. Spanning over 2.5 million square kilometres (1 million square miles), Western Australia extends into different climatic zones simultaneously. When it is warm and dry in the north of the State, it is cool and wet in the south - that's how big Western Australia is. Named after the Scottish city, Perth was announced a city in 1856 by Queen Victoria. To read more on the history of Perth, see " Perth " See also: • Perth, Australia - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Perth, Tasmania [Perth is a town in the north-east of Tasmania, Australia. It lies 20 km south of Launceston, on the Midlands Highway] Perth is on Tasmania, an island state of southeast Australia consisting of the island of Tasmania along with several smaller islands and separated from the mainland by Bass Strait. Abel Tasman explored the island in 1642, naming it Van Diemen's Land. It was renamed in his honor in 1853. Tasmania joined Australia in 1901. See also: North Perth, Ontario [172km W of Toronto, 102km N of London, 54km N of Stratford] The Town of North Perth , located in the northern reaches of Perth County Ontario, is a


What is the largest city in Switzerland?

Switzerland Facts on Largest Cities, Populations, Symbols - Worldatlas.com Ethnicity: German 65%, French 18%, Italian 10%, Romansch 1%, other 6% GDP total: $362.4 billion (2012 est.) GDP per capita: $54,600 (2012 est.) Language: German (official) 63.7%, French (official) 20.4%, Italian (official) 6.5%, Serbo-Croatian 1.5%, Albanian 1.3%, Portuguese 1.2%, Spanish 1.1%, English 1%, Romansch (official) 0.5%, other 2.8% note: German, French, Italian, and Romansch are all national and official languages Largest Cities: (by population) Zurich, Geneva, Basel, Bern, Lausanne Name: Switzerland's name comes from the German derivative Suito and the Schwyz canton in the central part of the country National Day: August 1 Religion: Roman Catholic 41.8%, Protestant 35.3%, Muslim 4.3%, Orthodox 1.8%, other Christian 0.4%, other 1%, unspecified 4.3%, none 11.1%


The Ural Mountains form a natural border between which two continents?

Europe Landforms and Land Statistics - Europe Landforms, Land Statistics Print this map Alps: Located in south-central Europe, they extend for almost 700 miles from the coastline of southern France (near Monaco) into Switzerland , northern Italy and Austria, then southeast through Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina as the (Dinaric Alps). Ending in Albania on the rugged coastline of the Adriatic Sea. Known for stunning scenery, glaciers, lakes and valleys and the best skiing conditions on the planet, they're the source of many rivers and tributaries including the Danube, Po, Rhine and Rhone . The highest point is Mont Blanc at 15,771 ft. (4,807 m) Apennines: The source of almost all rivers in Italy including the Arno, Tiber, and Volturno , the Apennines Mountains (Ital. Appennino) 830 miles (1,350 km) in length, form the backbone of the country, and run the entire length of the Italian Peninsula, ending on the island of Sicily. The highest point is Mt. Corno at 9,560 ft. (2,914 m). Atlantic Highlands: Formed million of years ago during the Caledonian mountain-building periods as western lands were (forced) or pushed against the Scandinavian Shield. Significant mountain ranges here include the Kjolen in Norway and Sweden, and the Pennines that stretch through the central United Kingdom. Balkan Mountains These mountains extend from Yugoslavia across Bulgaria. Additional ranges run through Albania, Greece and Macedonia. Its most famous mountain is Mt. Olympus, the highest and most awe-inspiring peak in all of Greece. In ancient times it was the mythical home of Zeus, and was declared the first national park in Greece in 1939. It stands at 9,568 ft. (2,918 m). Carpathian Mountains This mountain system located in eastern Europe is the source of the Dniester, Tisza and Vistula Rivers . They form the natural border between Slovakia and southern Poland, and then extend southward through Ukraine and into Romania. There are major subdivisions, and the highest point is Mt. Gerlachovkain in northern Slovakia, standing at 8,711 ft. (2,655 m). Caucasus Mountains Stretching from the Black Sea to the Caspian Sea, these volcanic mountains have many peaks above 15,000 ft. (4,572 m). The highest point (and the highest point in Europe) is located here; Mt. Elbrus at 18,506 ft. (5,642 m). Great Hungarian Plain Located in southeastern Europe, and surrounded by mountains, the land features several small forests and large patches of grassland. It averages only 100 meters above sea level and often suffers from dry conditions, thus relying on winter snow run-off from the Alps and Carpathian Mountains. Kjolen Mountains This jagged mountain system runs along the border of eastern Norway and western Sweden. The highest point is Mt. Kebnekaise, standing at 6,965 ft. (2,123 m). Massif Central This mountainous plateau of southeastern France is the source of the Allier, Creuse and Loire . It's about 32,189 sq. miles (85, 001 sq. km) in size, and the highest point is Puy de Sancy at 6,186 ft. (1,885 m). Mesata The central plateau, or Mesata, covers nearly half of the entire country of Spain. This high plateau averages about 2,300 ft. (700 m) in the north, and 2,000 ft. (600 m) in the south. It's surrounded by a series of mountain ranges including the Cantabrian, Sierra De Gata and Sierra Guadarrama in the north and central, and the Sierra Morena and Sierra Nevada in the south. These mountains separate the Meseta from the Costa Verde, the Ebro valley, the Mediterranean and the valleys of Andalucia. North European Plain The fertile North European Plain slopes to the north-northeast from the Alps, extending to the Baltic Sea, and on into Denmark and southern Finland, Norway and Sweden. It continues east for almost 2,500 miles (4000 km), on into the Russian Federation. The land is largely flat with smaller areas of hills, including the Central Russian Uplands. Farming is prevalent and agricultural communities dot the landscape. Pyrenees These mountains form the natural border between France and Spain and extend for about 270 miles from the Bay of Bisca


What is the Capital of Iraq? - Capital-of.com Dates of religious and Civil holidays around the world. www.when-is.com Capital of Iraq The Capital City of Iraq (officially named Republic of Iraq) is the city of Baghdad. The population of Baghdad in the year 2007 was 29,267,000. Iraq is an Arabic and Kurdish speaking country on the coasts of the Persian Gulf ( The Indian Ocean. Additional Information


In which English County can you find 4 towns with the suffix Regis?

What famous sauce is manufactured by McIlhenny & Co?  Tabasco What year was th - Pastebin.com In what country can one find 40 species of lemurs? A: Madagascar. RAW Paste Data What famous sauce is manufactured by McIlhenny & Co? Tabasco What year was the first motor race held that was classed as Formula 1? 1950 In the wild west, how was Henry McCarty better known? Billy The Kid How many stories did each of the World Trade Towers have? 110 What is the name of the cafe in Coronation Street? Roy's Rolls According to the BBC how many rooms are there in Buckingham Palace? 775 What is the busiest single-runway airport in the world? London Gatwick By number of films made, which country has the largest film industry? India Who lit the Olympic flame at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics? Muhammad Ali On what day of the year is St George's day held? 23rd of April The scientific unit lumen is used in the measurement of what? Light Which Apollo moon mission was the first to carry a lunar rover vehicle? Apollo 15 Who wrote the Twilight series of novels? Stephenie Meyer What is the capital of India? New Delhi Who wrote the poem 'The Owl and the Pussycat'? Edward Lear Which country had a secret police force known as the Tonton Macoute? Haiti In which city is the European Parliament based? Strasbourg Gala, Jonagold and Pink Lady are varieties of which fruit? Apple Which organ of the body is affected by Bright's Disease? Kidney What is the boiling point of water in Kelvin? 373 K What was the 1st human invention that broke the sound barrier? The whip What name was given to the Samurai code of honour? Bushido What colour is the bullseye on a standard dartboard? Red What song does the main character wake up to every morning in Groundhog Day? I Got You Babe What is the only Central American country in which baseball, not soccer, is the people's favourite sport? Nicaragua What is the largest fresh water lake in North America? Lake Superior Which South American country was named after the Italian city of Venice? Venezuela How many rounds are there in an olympic boxing match? 4 The highest temperature ever recorded outside in the shade was recorded in Azizah, in Africa. In which country is this city located? Libya Which Hasbro `action figure` got its name from a Robert Mitchum film? G.I. Joe In which country is the highest mountain in South America? Argentina How many emirates make up the United Arab Emirates? 7 If you were putting numbers on new changing room lockers to be numbered from 1 to 100, how many times would you use the number 9? 20 Which famous group performed the first ever song on Top Of The Pops in 1964? The Rolling Stones Who wrote the novel Revolutionary Road, which was made into a successful feature film? Richard Yates Which supermodel is seen pole dancing in the White Stripes video for the song `I Just Don`t Know What To Do With Myself`? Kate Moss Which band has released albums titled `Word Gets Around`, `Just Enough Education To Perform` and `Pull The Pin`? Stereophonics In the Adrian Mole Diaries, what is the surname of his girlfriend? Braiwaithe Charlotte Edwards led England`s women to World Cup glory in which sport in March 2009? Cricket What is sake made from? Rice Affenpinscher, Keeshond and Leonberger are all types of what? Dog Who won the 2009 Rugby World Sevens Cup? Wales Who is the only player to win a Champion`s League medal, the Premiership and the FA Cup, and to be relegated from the Premiership without going on to play in the Championship? Kanu With which club did David Beckham make his football league debut? Preston North End Who is the host of the TV show Q.I.? Stephen Fry Anyone Can Fall In Love was a chart hit set to the theme tune of which TV show? EastEnders Who is the only character to appear in the first ever Coronation Street who is still in the show at 2009? Ken Barlow The film `Black Hawk Down` was loosely based on a true incident that took place in 1993 in which country? Somalia What word does the bird constantly repeat in Edgar Allan Poe`s classic poem `The Raven`? Nevermore In the board game `Risk`, what c


In which ocean is the island group the Maldives?

Maldives Map / Geography of Maldives / Map of Maldives - Worldatlas.com Print this map The Maldives, a group of about 1,200 islands, separated into a series of coral atolls, is just north of the Equator in the Indian Ocean . Only 200 of the islands are inhabited. It has a population of 393,988 and celebrates their National Day on July 26th. Many of these tropical atolls and islands are simply gorgeous, with swaying palms, white sandy beaches and deep-blue lagoons; none of the islands rise higher than 7.8 ft. above sea level. These low-lying specs of coral are subject to erosion, and stand at the mercy of any sea level rise. Some were severely damaged during the December 2004 Tsunami . The culture of the Maldives as we know it today, developed and flourished sometime around the 3rd century BC, as a 1,400 year-long Buddhist period cemented a foundational importance in the island's history. Due to its strategic location, the Maldives aroused the interest of Middle Easterners , and by the 10th century AD trade routes were established and Islam was introduced to the region. Despite being ruled by an independent Islamic sultanate for centuries, the Maldives were taken over by the Dutch in the mid-17th century, and later, were driven out by British forces some years later. As a British protectorate, the Maldives were given military protection, and non-interference in local administration. At the emergence of a proposed constitutional monarchy, conflicts erupted, and the people of the Maldives pushed for independence. The Maldives successfully gained their freedom from the United Kingdom in 1965, and three years later, declared itself an independent republic. In 1978, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom was elected president, and a period of political stability flourished along with an increase in tourism and increased foreign contact. In spite of the booming economy, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom's presidency was seen as controversial, and a series of coup attempts throughout the 1980s were attempted. Additional riots in the capital city of Malè during August 2004 garnered worldwide attention, and prompted the president and his government to pledge much needed democratic reforms, including a more representative political system and expanded political freedoms. Prev Page 1/2 Next Page See Also


Which river runs through the Grand Canyon?

Rivers and Streams - Grand Canyon National Park (U.S. National Park Service) Rivers and Streams Rivers and Streams Rivers and Streams Water is a vital natural resource, particularly in the arid southwest. Most of the flow of the Colorado River through Grand Canyon originates in the Rocky Mountain region. From its origin to its mouth in the Gulf of California, many hands have claimed the Colorado waters for such purposes as irrigation and water supply. The Colorado River within the boundaries of Grand Canyon National Park drains an area of approximately 41,070 square miles. The major perennial streams feeding into the Colorado (such as Kanab and Havasu creeks, the Little Colorado River and the Paria River) are related to large perennial spring systems on both the north and south sides of the Canyon. However, the majority of water sources are intermittent or ephemeral in nature. The availability of water in these individual systems is closely related to geologic structure, seasonality and annual precipitation. Knowledge of all water sources within Grand Canyon is incomplete. A partial inventory was done in 1979 over a 1,881 square mile area of the park which found 57 perennial water sources, 21 of which are streams and 36 which are seeps. Specific geologic layers, such as the Muav limestone, are the most common sources for these perennial waters.


What country had the Roman name Hibernia?

Ireland not the Hibernia of the Ancients Notes on    the Early History of Scotland Ireland not the Hibernia of the    Ancients It is a well-known fact that most of    the writers who have dealt with the early history of Scotland state that    Scotia, the ancient name of this country, was a name    applied to Ireland only till the eleventh century. A few writers have    maintained that Scotland was the only Scotia; but the opinion seems to be    gradually gaining ground, and is now almost universally adopted, that when    Scotia is mentioned in the works of writers who lived before the eleventh    century, the country they refer to is Ireland. Incredible as it may seem to some    persons, the foundation for this belief is very unsatisfactory. It almost    entirely rests upon the assumption that Ireland was always called    Hibernia; but this is not the case. It is doubtless asserted to have been    always so called in a few works of questionable authenticity; but there    is, fortunately, plenty of trustworthy testimony to establish the fact    that before the eleventh century the island now known with the name of    Ireland, and Hibernia were different countries. In addition to this we    have the distinct statement of the only early English annalist whose work    has apparently escaped the ravages of manipulatinq monks, Ethelwerd, that    Ireland was first so called at the beginning of the tenth centnry, and    that since the time of Julius Caesar till then it was known by the name of    Bretannis. It might be granted    that Hibernia and Scotia were names ajplied to one country before the    eleventh century without believing that Ireland was ever called Scotia,    but there is no trustworthy evidence to show that even this was the case.    The writings in which they are made to appear as synonymous names for    Ireland, such as Adamnanï¿½s "Life of St. Columba," and Bedeï¿½s "Ecclesiastical History," can be shown to have been manipulated for this    purpose. When Ireland first became known by    the name of Hibernia it may now be impossible to ascertain but there are    good reasons for believing that it was not so called till the    twelfth century, when the Roman Church first obtained supremacy there. In the work ascribed to Richard of    Cirencester entitled "De Situ Britaunhe," it is certainly distinctly    stated that Hibernia was an ancient nanic of Ireland, thus :ï¿½" Having    now finished our survey of Albion, we shall describe the neighbouring    country, Hibernia or Ireland, with the same brevity. Hibernia is situated    more westerly than any other country except England," &c. It was at first    believed, on the authority of the compiler, that this was the work of a    monk of the fourteenth century, compiled from materials left by a Roman    general but it was not published till the year 1757, and it seems never to have been heard of    during the 400 years since it was said to have been written. On account of    the late date at which it was made known, Pinkerton in his " Enquiry" received it with distrust, but he sometimes quoted it as an authority.    Many other writers accepted its information without the shadow of a doubt    as to its authenticity. Burton, the author of the "History of Scotland," seems to have been among the first to expose its real character; and it is    now generally believed to be a fabrication of the eighteenth century. Dr.    Skene considers it an impudent forgery; and he adds, that Horsleyï¿½s    Britannia Romana" was published in 1732, before this imposition was practised on the    literary world, but the Roman part of Pinkertonï¿½s Enquiry, "Royï¿½s Military    Antiquities of the Romans in Britain," published in 1793, and Stuartï¿½s Caledonia Romana," are all    tainted by it. The reason for    publishing the "De Situ Britannia" may have been because Sibbaldï¿½s "Essay    on the


Which superhero has a butler named Alfred?

Alfred Pennyworth | Batman Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Pre-Crisis Alfred in the Batcave Alfred was a retired intelligence agent who followed the deathbed wish of his dying father, Jarvis, to carry on the tradition of serving the Wayne Family. To that end, Alfred introduced himself to Bruce Wayne and Dick Grayson at Wayne Manor and insisted on becoming their butler. Although the pair did not want one, especially since they did not want to jeopardize their secret identities with a servant in the house, they did not have the heart to reject Alfred. That night, Alfred awoke to moaning and followed the sound to the secret door to the staircase to the Batcave and met his would-be employers in their superhero identities (Wayne had been injured while out in the field). As it turned out, the wounds were actually insignificant, but Alfred's care convinced the residents that their butler could be trusted. Since then, Alfred included the support staff duties of the Dynamic Duo on top of his regular tasks. Later, Alfred was reunited with his long-lost daughter, Julia Remarque . This character has yet to appear in the Post-Crisis comics. Post-Crisis In the Post-Crisis comics' continuity, Alfred has been the Wayne Family butler all of Bruce's life and had helped his master establish his superhero career from the beginning. Alfred in his youth, raising a young Bruce. In addition, he was Bruce's legal guardian following the deaths of his parents. Alfred's history has been modified several times over the years, creating assorted versions. In one such version, Alfred was hired away from the British Royal Family by Bruce's parents, and he virtually raised Bruce after they were murdered. Meanwhile, another version of Alfred's Post-Crisis life was slightly more closely linked to his pre-Crisis counterpart. In this version Alfred was an actor on the English Stage, who agreed to become the Waynes' butler, only so as to honor the dying wish of his father. At the time he begins working for the Waynes, Bruce is but a young child. After several months, Alfred voices the desire to quit and return home to continue his life as an actor. However, these plans are momentarily forgotten when young Bruce returns home, after getting into a fight with a school bully. Alfred teaches Bruce to handle the bully strategically, rather than using brute force. Following Alfred's advice, Bruce manages to take care of his bully problem. Upon returning home, Bruce requests that Alfred stays, and Alfred agrees without a second thought. Following the Infinite Crisis however it appears that Alfred's history has been merged to combine both his pre and post-Crisis histories. He spent years as a member of the British Guard and later became a member of MI-5 before retiring and taking up his love of acting. Following his father's death, he then became the Wayne Family Butler. Whether or not the rest of his history has remained the same or has been yet again altered has not yet been revealed, although it has been occasionally hinted at. Following the murders of the Wayne Family, Alfred was named Bruce's legal guardian in the will left by Thomas and Martha, however, social services combated the will feeling that Bruce should not be raised by a servant. However, Bruce managed to remain in Alfred's care by, despite his young age, bribing the social service agent into allowing Alfred to raise him. Alfred mending the Batsuit Alfred would later aid Bruce in raising Dick Grayson, Jason Todd and Tim Drake, all of whom would be adopted by Bruce Wayne and become his partner Robin. He also had close friendships with other members of the Bat-Clan including Barbara Gordon and Cassandra Cain (the latter of whom would also be adopted by Bruce prior to his death). Alfred often acts as a father-figure to Bruce, and a grandfather to Dick, Jason, Tim and Cassandra. However, due to his rather cold personality, Bruce Wayne makes sure that at least some degree of the business relationship between the two always exists. He is also highly respected by those heroes who are aware of his existence, in


The Phobia List Amaxophobia- Fear of riding in a car. Ambulophobia- Fear of walking. Amychophobia- Fear of scratches or being scratched. Anablephobia- Fear of looking up. Ancraophobia- Fear of wind. (Anemophobia) Androphobia- Fear of men. Anemophobia- Fear of air drafts or wind.(Ancraophobia)  Anginophobia- Fear of angina, choking or narrowness. Anglophobia- Fear of England or English culture, etc. Angrophobia - Fear of anger or of becoming angry. Ankylophobia- Fear of immobility of a joint. Anthrophobia or Anthophobia- Fear of flowers. Anthropophobia- Fear of people or society. Antlophobia- Fear of floods. Anuptaphobia- Fear of staying single. Apeirophobia- Fear of infinity. Aphenphosmphobia- Fear of being touched. (Haphephobia) Apiphobia- Fear of bees. Apotemnophobia- Fear of persons with amputations. Arachibutyrophobia- Fear of peanut butter sticking to the roof of the mouth. Arachnephobia or Arachnophobia- Fear of spiders. Arithmophobia- Fear of numbers. Cainophobia or Cainotophobia- Fear of newness, novelty. Caligynephobia- Fear of beautiful women. Cancerophobia or Carcinophobia- Fear of cancer. Cardiophobia- Fear of the heart. Carnophobia- Fear of meat. Catagelophobia- Fear of being ridiculed. Catapedaphobia- Fear of jumping from high and low places. Cathisophobia- Fear of sitting. Cenophobia or Centophobia- Fear of new things or ideas. Ceraunophobia or Keraunophobia- Fear of thunder and lightning.(Astraphobia, Astrapophobia) Chaetophobia- Fear of hair. Cheimaphobia or Cheimatophobia- Fear of cold.(Frigophobia, Psychophobia) Chemophobia- Fear of chemicals or working with chemicals. Cherophobia- Fear of gaiety. Chiraptophobia- Fear of being touched. Chirophobia- Fear of hands. Cholerophobia- Fear of anger or the fear of cholera. Chorophobia- Fear of dancing. Chrometophobia or Chrematophobia- Fear of money. Chromophobia or Chromatophobia- Fear of colors. Chronophobia- Fear of time. Cibophobia- Fear of food.(Sitophobia, Sitiophobia) Claustrophobia- Fear of confined spaces. Cleithrophobia or Cleisiophobia- Fear of being locked in an enclosed place. Cleptophobia- Fear of stealing. Climacophobia- Fear of stairs, climbing, or of falling downstairs. Clinophobia- Fear of going to bed. Clithrophobia or Cleithrophobia- Fear of being enclosed. Cnidophobia- Fear of stings. Decidophobia- Fear of making decisions. Defecaloesiophobia- Fear of painful bowels movements. Deipnophobia- Fear of dining or dinner conversations. Dementophobia- Fear of insanity. Demonophobia or Daemonophobia- Fear of demons. Demophobia- Fear of crowds. (Agoraphobia) Dendrophobia- Fear of trees. Dermatophobia- Fear of skin lesions. Dermatosiophobia or Dermatophobia or Dermatopathophobia- Fear of skin disease. Dextrophobia- Fear of objects at the right side of the body. Diabetophobia- Fear of diabetes. Didaskaleinophobia- Fear of going to school. Dikephobia- Fear of justice. Dinophobia- Fear of dizziness or whirlpools. Diplophobia- Fear of double vision. Dipsophobia- Fear of drinking. Dishabiliophobia- Fear of undressing in front of someone. Disposophobia- Fear of throwing stuff out. Hoarding. Domatophobia- Fear of houses or being in a house.(Eicophobia, Oikophobia) Doraphobia- Fear of fur or skins of animals. Doxophobia- Fear of expressing opinions or of receiving praise. Dromophobia- Fear of crossing streets. Dutchphobia- Fear of the Dutch. Dysmorphophobia- Fear of deformity. Hagiophobia- Fear of saints or holy things. Hamartophobia- Fear of sinning. Haphephobia or Haptephobia- Fear of being touched. Harpaxophobia- Fear of being robbed. Hedonophobia- Fear of feeling pleasure. Heliophobia- Fear of the sun. Hellenologophobia- Fear of Greek terms or complex scientific terminology. Helminthophobia- Fear of being infested with worms. Hemophobia or Hemaphobia or Hematophobia- Fear of blood. Heresyphobia or Hereiophobia- Fear of challenges to official doctrine or of radical deviation. Herpetophobia- Fear of reptiles or creepy, crawly things. Heterophobia- Fear of the opposite sex. (Sexophobia) Hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia- Fear of the number 666. Hierophobia- Fe


What famous person has the real name of Eldrick Woods?

Tiger Woods - Biography - IMDb Tiger Woods Biography Showing all 64 items Jump to: Overview  (4) | Mini Bio  (1) | Spouse  (1) | Trade Mark  (1) | Trivia  (49) | Personal Quotes  (8) Overview (4) 6' (1.83 m) Mini Bio (1) At age 21, Tiger Woods became the youngest Masters champ and the first golfer since Jerry Pate in 1976 to win in the first major he played. In 1997, Woods took the lead at the Augusta golf classic and then put on a golf clinic never seen before. He fired a 3-under-par 69 and broke the tournament 72-hole record with an unbelievable 18-under 270. The 12-stroke margin of victory was the largest in Masters history. Woods was chosen as the Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year and ESPY Male Athlete of the Year in 1997. He was also one of the most accomplished amateur golfers in history, winning six USGA national championships, an NCAA title during his two years at Stanford University, and an unprecedented three consecutive U.S. Amateur Championships. He finished first on the PGA Tour five times in 1999. More importantly, Woods opened wide a door of society in becoming the first African American, as well as the first Asian American, to win a major. Woods was granted dual citizenship by the Thai government (his mother, Kultida, is of half Thai and one quarter Chinese, descent) in 1997 prior to playing in the Asian Honda Classic. Woods has captured the hearts and imaginations of even non-golf fans around the world. Affable and good looking, he became an international star and a prime endorser of golfing equipment and apparel. Born Eldrick Woods on December 30, 1975, in Cypress, California, his distinctive nickname "Tiger" came from his father Earl's Green Beret army past. "Tiger" had been the moniker of a South Vietnamese officer who saved Earl's life on several occasions. As a child, Woods was one of junior golf's most accomplished players. He putted against Bob Hope on The Mike Douglas Show (1961) at the improbable age of 2, shot 48 for nine holes at age 3, and was featured in "Golf Digest" at age 5. Woods won several major youth titles in southern California. He won three straight U.S. Amateur titles in 1994, 1995 and 1996 after winning three consecutive U.S. Junior Amateur titles in 1991, 1992 and 1993. He turned professional in the summer of 1996, and the game of golf hasn't been the same since. Sense of humor intact, Woods once observed, "Hockey is a sport for white men. Basketball is a sport for black men. Golf is a sport for white men dressed like black pimps". - IMDb Mini Biography By: Vicki McClure Davidson Spouse (1) ( 5 October  2004      - 23 August  2010) (divorced) (2 children) Trade Mark (1) During the final round (which is usually on Sundays) he almost always wears a red Nike t-shirt and a black Nike baseball cap Trivia (49) Attended Stanford University but left before graduating in order to pursue his golfing career. Nicknamed Tiger after a Vietnamese soldier and friend of his father, Vuong Dang Phong, to whom his father had also given that nickname. His father, Earl Woods , was a retired lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Army. His mother, Kultida Woods , is a native of Thailand. Tiger's father was born in Manhattan, Kansas, to African-American parents, Miles Woods and Maude Carter. Tiger's maternal grandfather was Thai, while Tiger's maternal grandmother had a Dutch father and a Chinese mother. Named Golf Digest Player of the Year (1991 and 1992), Golf World Player of the Year (1992 and 1993), Golfweek National Amateur of the Year (1992), Golf World Man of the Year (1994), and Fred Haskins and Jack Nicklaus College Player of the Year awards (1996.) Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year in 1996 and 2000, making him the first athlete to win the award twice. 6/15/97: Became the youngest #1 golfer ever at the age of 21 years and 24 weeks in his 42nd week as a professional. Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year in 1997, 1999, 2000 and 2006. An only child, although Earl had children from a previous marriage. Tiger Woods Foundation promotes parental responsibility and involvement in the


Fred Flintstone | The Flintstones | Fandom powered by Wikia Personality and occupation Fred and Barney in Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas. Fred's personality was based on that of Ralph Kramden of the 1950s television series The Honeymooners and Chester A. Riley from The Life of Riley. Thus, much like Ralph, Fred tends to be loud-mouthed, aggressive, and constantly scheming ways to improve his family's working class lot in life, often with unintended results. Archie Bunker of All in the Family & Archie Bunker's Place and George Jefferson of The Jeffersons also have similar personalities based on Fred Flintstone. Fred is a typical blue-collar worker, who works as a "bronto crane operator" at Slate Rock and Gravel Company (also known as Rockhead and Quarry Cave Construction Company in the earliest episodes). However, when their children become teenagers, Fred and Barney join the Bedrock police force. Fred and Barney even coached two baseball teams as well. The Flintstone family came from "Arkenstone" where they had been engaged in a feud with the "Hatrock" family which had been caused by an ancestor of Fred's making a wisecrack of a Hatrock family portrait ("I don't know what the artist got for doing that painting but he should have gotten life"). In " The Bedrock Hillbillies ", the feud is ended when Fred helps save a Hatrock baby (and Pebbles) from going over a waterfall only to start up again when Fred makes the very same wisecrack. In " The Hatrocks and the Gruesomes ", when the "Hatrock" family visited the Flintstone family and being friends, until when Bug Music was played & the Hatrocks can't stand the Bug Music. The last of the Arkenstone Flintstones was Fred's Great-uncle Zeke Flintstone. Other Flintstone relatives were Giggles Flintstone - a rich eccentric practical joker whose jokes drive Fred into a mad rage; an "Uncle Tex" and his sister "Aunt Jamima". Fred in Flintstones the Movie. Fred's interests include bowling, playing pool, poker and lounging around the house, and playing golf. At the first two of these, he is very skilled, as seen in one of the episodes where he plays against Wilma's unsuspecting mother. Fred has won championships with his incredible bowling skills. In " Bowling Ballet ", he goes so far as to take ballet lessons in order to improve his game which led to his nickname "Twinkletoes". The nickname of "Twinkletoes" stuck with him when Fred attended a local college and became eligible to play on their football team, and it became his call sign. Fred is also an excellent golfer. In " The Golf Champion ", he wins the championship only to have Barney repossess the winning trophy cup because Fred is behind in his dues. Fred, like Barney, was also a member of the Loyal Order of Water Buffalos Lodge (named "the Loyal Order of Dinosaurs" in an early episode). Fred also has a serious gambling problem; the mere mention of the word "bet" causes Fred to stammer "bet" over and over again and go on gambling binges. The original series had several stories regarding TV with Fred as a dupe. In one, Fred makes a fool of himself trying to give Wilma acting lessons after she wins a TV appearance – only for the only part of her to appear on TV is her hands. In another, when Fred wins a TV appearance he tries to act like a "Stage parent" - until he comes down with stage fright. A third time Fred appears on a TV commercial in a non speaking role as a "before" picture of a person before going on a diet. Once, Fred even appeared in a movie, but merely as a stunt double. Fred's catchphrase "Yabba-Dabba-Doo!" (originally derived from the Brylcreem advertising jingle motto "A Little Dab'll Do Ya!"), becomes the subject of a song by Hoagy Carmichael that the singer-songwriter performs in an episode of The Flintstones. Fred's ability to carry a tune was quite good in his younger years. One early episode was where he did a jam with his musician friend " Hot Lips Hannigan ", (with Barney, who is apparently a skilled drummer) where his singing caused teenage girls to swoon over him. In fact, in one of the earliest episodes, "


What is the collective noun for a group of monkeys?

What is a group of monkeys called? What is a group of monkeys called? Collective Noun for Monkeys The collective noun for monkeys is the word you would use to describe a group of monkeys. We have identified the following word(s) that you could call a group of monkeys: barrel troop wilderness Used in a sentence, you could say "Look at the barrel of monkeys", where "barrel" is the collective noun that means group. As you can see, you simply substitute the word "group" with one of the collective nouns on our list above when describing a group of monkeys.


Which film about Vietnam won the best picture at the 1978 Oscars?

1978 Academy Awards® Winners and History An Unmarried Woman (1978) Actor: JON VOIGHT in "Coming Home", Warren Beatty in "Heaven         Can Wait", Gary Busey in "The Buddy Holly Story",         Robert De Niro in "The Deer Hunter" ,         Laurence Olivier in "The Boys From Brazil" Actress: JANE FONDA in "Coming Home", Ingrid Bergman in "Autumn         Sonata", Ellen Burstyn in "Same Time, Next Year",         Jill Clayburgh in "An Unmarried Woman", Geraldine Page         in "Interiors" Supporting Actor: CHRISTOPHER WALKEN in "The Deer Hunter" ,         Bruce Dern in "Coming Home", Richard Farnsworth in "Comes         a Horseman", John Hurt in "Midnight Express", Jack Warden in "Heaven Can         Wait" Supporting Actress: MAGGIE SMITH in "California Suite", Dyan Cannon in "Heaven         Can Wait", Penelope Milford in "Coming Home",         Maureen Stapleton in "Interiors", Meryl Streep in "The          Deer Hunter" Director: MICHAEL CIMINO for "The Deer Hunter" ,         Woody Allen for "Interiors", Hal Ashby for "Coming         Home", Warren Beatty and Buck Henry for "Heaven Can Wait", Alan Parker for "Midnight Express" Two          of the three front-runners in the 1978 awards race were anti-war          films that reflected the nation's divided attitudes toward          the war. Both films were set in the year 1968, though they          differed in their filmatic style and political stance. [Coppola's          Vietnam treatise Apocalypse Now (1979) was          delayed in its release, thereby leaving Cimino's war film to          take top honors in 1978]: younger generation producer/director Michael           Cimino's second film - the grandiose The            Deer Hunter (with nine nominations and five wins           - Best Picture, Best Supporting Actor, Best Director, Best           Sound, and Best Film Editing), the gripping drama about how the violence of war permanently altered the lives of three           Pennsylvania steel-working and hunting friends who served           in Vietnam and were forced to play Russian Roulette by the           Vietcong; the meteoric rise of Cimino as a result of this           film was soon dashed by the financial disaster of his next           film, Heaven's Gate (1980) Hal Ashby's more left-wing, anti-Vietnam war           film Coming Home (with eight nominations and three           wins - Best Actor, Best Actress, and Best Original Screenplay).           It told about the sorrowing effects of the Vietnam War on           the homefront, and won the major acting awards. The film           was produced by actress Jane Fonda's new film production           company The other three Best Picture nominees were: Warren Beatty and Buck Henry's comedy remake           of Here Comes Mr. Jordan (1941), with a film titled Heaven            Can Wait (with nine nominations, tying the winner with           the most nominations, and only one win - Best Art/Set Direction) director Alan Parker's Midnight Express (with           six nominations and two wins - Best Screenplay Adaptation           by Oliver Stone (his first nomination and first win), and           Best Score by Giorgio Moroder, with its hit tune "Chase"),           the true, graphic story of Billy Hayes (played by an un-nominated           Brad Davis) and his brutalized ordeal in a Turkish prison           for a drug smuggling offense Paul Mazursky's early feminist film An           Unmarried Woman (with three nominations and no wins),           the story of the consequences of a shattered marriage of           seventeen years for a betrayed wife who must deal with           the chang


What became the tallest building in the world when it opened in 1931?

History of the World's Tallest Buildings | Statistics | EMPORIS Add Building History of the World's Tallest Buildings Tall structures have always fascinated mankind. There were buildings stretching well over 100 meters into the sky even before industrialization. But how has the history of the tallest buildings in the world developed? Which structures have played a role in this history? The essential details can be found here. There are a few very early examples of architecture reaching far up into the sky. The Pyramid of Khufu for instance, from the 4th Dynasty (2620 to 2500 B.C.), at 139 meters the world's tallest pyramid, or the Pharos of Alexandria, which according to its legend was, at around 140 meters' height, the tallest lighthouse ever built up until the 20th century. And not to forget the Tower of Babel, which according to the Old Testament reached all the way up to Heaven. Since the 19th century, however, it has not just been sacred buildings that have been touching the clouds. Increasing numbers of high-rises with apartments, offices and hotel rooms have been built. Skyscraper construction received its first significant impulse with the invention of the elevator by Elisha Grave Otis in 1852. While it would, from a technical point of view, already have been possible to build tall structures with more than six stories, one would have been unable to find many tenants for them. The invention of steel frame construction was the next important step on the road toward skyscraper architecture. The first building constructed in this way was the Home Insurance Building in Chicago, built in 1885. At a height of 55 meters and ten floors it was the world's first high-rise – and revolutionary for the development of skyscraper construction. 1901 - 1908 Philadelphia City Hall From 1901 onward, Philadelphia City Hall in the American city of Philadelphia, already substantially taller at 167 meters, reached for the skies. In fact, the architecture of this skyscraper with a bell tower was not based on the recently-invented steel frame construction: to this day it is considered the tallest masonry structure in the world. 1908 - 1909 Singer Building For seven years, Philadelphia City Hall was the world's tallest building until it was superseded in 1908 by the Singer Building in New York City, which was 20 meters taller. This particular skyscraper was only able to stay in pole position a short time, however. 1913, only four years later, saw the opening of the 213-meter-tall Metropolitan Life Tower, also located in New York City. 1909 - 1913 Metropolitan Life Tower The skyscrapers that followed the Met Life Tower were also located in New York City. After just four years, the Woolworth Building, built in the borough of Manhattan and 241 meters tall, forced the Met Life Tower from the top spot. 1913 - 1930 Woolworth Building Construction of the Woolworth Building was only possible thanks to the development of reinforced foundations, technology intended to prevent the skyscraper from leaning too heavily and toppling over in the case of earth movements. Until 1930, the Woolworth Building was the world's tallest skyscraper. 1930 - 1930 The Trump Building The history of the skyscraper was increasingly concentrated in the decades that followed in the one city – New York City. 1930 saw the completion there, after less than a year's construction, of The Trump Building. At a height of 283 meters, it was briefly the world's tallest building. 1930 - 1931 Chrysler Building The Trump Building unfortunately had to cede its title after just a few weeks to the Chrysler Building, which, at 319 meters, exceeded it by far. The man who had it built, Walter Chrysler, was inspired by the Eiffel Tower in Paris – at that time the world's tallest structure – to want to build the world's tallest skyscraper in the Chrysler Building in New York City. To win the race, Chrysler and his architect William van Alen came up with a sophisticated trick: Van Alen had an additional 56-meter-long spire built, which was then delivered secretly in pieces, put together in the


In what year did Percy L. Spencer invent the microwave?

Microwave Oven Microwave Oven   Greetings,  The Southwest Museum of Engineering,    Communication and Computation is seeking :  artifacts, books, papers, personal recollections, funny stories,    newspaper clipping, magazines, catalogs, articles torn out of    magazines,  cartoons, prototype magnetrons,  really early    microwave ovens etc  ANYTHING Is Fair Game! The purpose is two-fold which consists of construction the display in the    museum in Glendale Arizona  and also as an addition to our web site. thanks Ed Sharpe archivist for SMECC Please check our web site at to see other engineering fields, communications and computation stuff we buy, and by all means  when in Arizona drop in and see us. address: thanks Ed Sharpe archivist for SMECC   The microwave oven was invented as an    accidental by-product of war-time (World War 2) radar research using    magnetrons (vacuum tubes that produce microwave radiation, a type of    electromagnetic radiation that has a wavelength between 1 mm and 30 cm). In 1946, the engineer Dr. Percy LeBaron Spencer, who    worked for the Raytheon Corporation, was working on magnetrons. One day at    work, he had a candy bar in his pocket, and found that it had melted. He    realized that the microwaves he was working with had caused it to melt.    After experimenting, he realized that microwaves would cook foods quickly    - even faster than conventional ovens that cook with heat. The Raytheon Corporation produced the first commercial    microwave oven in 1954; it was called the 1161 Radarange. It was large,    expensive, and had a power of 1600 watts. The first domestic microwave    oven was produced in 1967 by Amana (a division of Raytheon). In 1967, Amana, a division of Raytheon, introduced its    domestic Radarange microwave oven, marking the beginning of the use of    microwave ovens in home kitchens. Although sales were slow during the    first few years, partially due to the ovenï¿½s relatively expensive price    tag, the concept of quick microwave cooking had arrived. In succeeding    years, Litton and a number of other companies joined the countertop    microwave oven market. By the end of 1971, the price of countertop units    began to decrease and their capabilities were expanded. Spencer, born in Howland, Maine, was orphaned at a    young age. Although he never graduated from grammar school, he became    Senior Vice President and a member of the Board of Directors at Raytheon,    receiving 150 patents during his career. Because of his accomplishments,    Spencer was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal by the U.S. Navy and    has a building named after him at Raytheon. Percy Spencer, while working for the Raytheon    Company, discovered a more efficient way to manufacture magnetrons. In    1941, magnetrons were being produced at a rate of 17 per day. Spencer set    out to create a simpler magnetron that could be mass produced. The result    was a magnetron that replaced precision copper bars with lamina and    replaced soldered internal wires with a simple solid ring. These    improvements and others allowed for the faster production of 2,600    magnetrons per day. In 1945, Spencer created a device to cook food using    microwave radiation. Raytheon saw the possibilities of this, and after    acquiring Amana Refrigeration in 1965, was able to sell microwave ovens on    a large scale. The first microwave oven was called the Radarange, and    today, there are over 200 million in use throughout the world. A Brief    History of the Microwave Oven  By J.    Carlton Gallawa , author of THE    COMPLETE MICROWAVE OVEN SERVICE HANDBOOK Like    many of today's great inventions, the microwave oven was a by-product of    another technology. It was during a radar-related research    project around 1946 that Dr. Percy Spencer, a self-taught engineer with    the Raytheon Corporation, noticed something very unusual. He was testing a    new vacuum tube


Which famous character was created by Michael Bond in a series of books for children?

Michael Bond - IMDb IMDb Writer | Actor | Miscellaneous Crew Michael Bond was born on January 13, 1926 in Newbury, Berkshire, England as Thomas Michael Bond. He is a writer and actor, known for Paddington (2014), The Adventures of Paddington Bear (1997) and The Herbs (1968). He has been married to Susan Marfey Rogers since 1981. He was previously married to Brenda Mary Johnson. See full bio » Born: a list of 940 people created 22 Jan 2012 a list of 740 people created 10 May 2012 a list of 5188 people created 20 Jan 2016 a list of 19 people created 9 months ago Do you have a demo reel? Add it to your IMDbPage How much of Michael Bond's work have you seen? User Polls - Christmas ... (books)   Jackanory (TV Series) (book - 5 episodes, 1969) (book "A Bear Called Paddington" - 5 episodes, 1966) (book "More About Paddington" - 1 episode, 1970) - Paddington's Christmas (1970) ... (book "More About Paddington")  1955 Simon's Good Deed (TV Movie) (writer) Hide   1989 Paddington Bear (TV Series) (creative consultant - 1989) Hide   2005 Top 50 Greatest Celebrity Animals (TV Movie documentary) Himself  2000 Collector's Lot (TV Series) Himself Did You Know? Personal Quote: The great advantage of having a bear as a central character is that he can combine the innocence of a child with the sophistication of an adult. Paddington is not the sort of bear who would ever go to the moon - he has his paws too firmly on the ground for that. He gets involved in everyday situations. He has a strong sense of right and wrong and doesn't take too kindly to the red-tape ... See more » Trivia: In July 2007, he was given an honorary DLitt (Doctor of Letters) degree from Reading University in recognition of his contribution to literature and the enjoyment he has given many readers. He has connections with Reading and Berkshire, having been born nearby in Newbury. See more » Star Sign:


Which of the Bronte sisters wrote Wuthering Heights?

SparkNotes: Wuthering Heights: Context Wuthering Heights Table of Contents Plot Overview Wuthering Heights, which has long been one of the most popular and highly regarded novels in English literature, seemed to hold little promise when it was published in 1847, selling very poorly and receiving only a few mixed reviews. Victorian readers found the book shocking and inappropriate in its depiction of passionate, ungoverned love and cruelty (despite the fact that the novel portrays no sex or bloodshed), and the work was virtually ignored. Even Emily Brontë’s sister Charlotte—an author whose works contained similar motifs of Gothic love and desolate landscapes—remained ambivalent toward the unapologetic intensity of her sister’s novel. In a preface to the book, which she wrote shortly after Emily Brontë’s death, Charlotte Brontë stated, “Whether it is right or advisable to create beings like Heathcliff, I do not know. I scarcely think it is.” Emily Brontë lived an eccentric, closely guarded life. She was born in 1818, two years after Charlotte and a year and a half before her sister Anne, who also became an author. Her father worked as a church rector, and her aunt, who raised the Brontë children after their mother died, was deeply religious. Emily Brontë did not take to her aunt’s Christian fervor; the character of Joseph, a caricature of an evangelical, may have been inspired by her aunt’s religiosity. The Brontës lived in Haworth, a Yorkshire village in the midst of the moors. These wild, desolate expanses—later the setting of Wuthering Heights—made up the Brontës’ daily environment, and Emily lived among them her entire life. She died in 1848, at the age of thirty. As witnessed by their extraordinary literary accomplishments, the Brontë children were a highly creative group, writing stories, plays, and poems for their own amusement. Largely left to their own devices, the children created imaginary worlds in which to play. Yet the sisters knew that the outside world would not respond favorably to their creative expression; female authors were often treated less seriously than their male counterparts in the nineteenth century. Thus the Brontë sisters thought it best to publish their adult works under assumed names. Charlotte wrote as Currer Bell, Emily as Ellis Bell, and Anne as Acton Bell. Their real identities remained secret until after Emily and Anne had died, when Charlotte at last revealed the truth of their novels’ authorship. Today, Wuthering Heights has a secure position in the canon of world literature, and Emily Brontë is revered as one of the finest writers—male or female—of the nineteenth century. Like Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights is based partly on the Gothic tradition of the late eighteenth century, a style of literature that featured supernatural encounters, crumbling ruins, moonless nights, and grotesque imagery, seeking to create effects of mystery and fear. But Wuthering Heights transcends its genre in its sophisticated observation and artistic subtlety. The novel has been studied, analyzed, dissected, and discussed from every imaginable critical perspective, yet it remains unexhausted. And while the novel’s symbolism, themes, structure, and language may all spark fertile exploration, the bulk of its popularity may rest on its unforgettable characters. As a shattering presentation of the doomed love affair between the fiercely passionate Catherine and Heathcliff, it remains one of the most haunting love stories in all of literature.


The Jungle Drums September 2012 by The Courier Newspaper (page 8) - issuu issuu The Jungle Drums Brain Training FAMOUS BOOKS FAMOUS FIRSTS Each of these people is famous for being the first person to do something, but what was it? 1. Helen Sharman 2. Robin Knox Johnson 3. Nancy Witcher Astor 4. Alan Mullery 5. Ursula Andress 6. Charles Lindbergh 7. Ivan IV (the Terrible) 8. Count de Grisley 9. Charles Elwood Yeager 10. Annie Taylor 1. Which famous character was created by Michael Bond in a series of books for children? 6. What "rock" did Graham Greene write about? 2. Which of the Bronte sisters wrote "Wuthering Heights"? 7. What word taken from the abbreviation for a unit of weight measurement was used by L. Frank Baum in the title of a novel? 3. What type of animals are portrayed in the book "Watership Down"? 8. "All children, except one, grow up" is the opening line from which famous story? 4. Becky Sharp is the name of a character in which famous novel, which is also the title of a famous magazine? 9. Who wrote the novel "The 39 Steps"? 10. Which famous book, published in 1816, is sub-titled "The Modern Prometheus"? 5. In George Orwell's "Animal Farm" what type of animal was "Napoleon"? DINGBATS ANSWERS 5. Rose Daffodil Tulip Daisy FAMOUS FIRSTS 1. First Briton to go into Space 2. First person to sail solo, non-stop around the world 3. First female British MP 4. First England player to be sent off in an international match 5. First Bond girl 6. First to fly across the Atlantic 7. First Tzar of Russia 8. First magician to perform the "Sawing a woman in half" trick 9. First person to break the sound barrier by flying faster than the speed of sound 10. First woman to go over Niagra Falls in a barrel Dingbats 1. Flat Iron 2. High Seas 3. One foot in the grave 4. Nice to see you 5. A bunch of flowers 6. Round Robin FAMOUS BOOKS 1. Paddington Bear 2. Emily 3. Rabbits 4. Vanity Fair 5. A pig 6. Brighton Rock 7. Oz (used in "The Wizard Of Oz") 8. Peter Pan 9. John Buchan 10. Frankenstein 8 PAGE The Jungle Drums - Tel: 966 923 796 6.