"Based on a UK political drama TV series of the same name, the US version featuring the actor Kevin Spacey is called ""House..."" what?"

House of Cards (TV Series 2013– ) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error on Amazon Video ON DISC A Congressman works with his equally conniving wife to exact revenge on the people who betrayed him. Creator: Frank prepares for his promotion to Vice President. Doug tries to erase all leads leading back to him and Frank. Claire fights back against Gillian. Zoe considers working with Frank again. 9.6 Francis is about to be destroyed while the nation is in turmoil. Stamper must pick up loose ends. Claire marks the conclusion of her ruthlessness. 9.6 As the hostage situation continues, Claire secretly negotiates with an extremist leader. Frank confronts Hammerschmidt. 9.6 a list of 34 titles created 27 May 2012 a list of 34 titles created 20 Jul 2012 a list of 22 titles created 03 Feb 2014 a list of 30 titles created 27 Apr 2014 a list of 30 titles created 06 Jun 2015 Title: House of Cards (2013– ) 9/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won     2     Golden Globes. Another    25 wins & 178 nominations. See more awards  » Videos A high school chemistry teacher diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer turns to manufacturing and selling methamphetamine in order to secure his family's future. Stars: Bryan Cranston, Aaron Paul, Anna Gunn Game of Thrones (TV Series 2011) Adventure | Drama | Fantasy Nine noble families fight for control over the mythical lands of Westeros. Meanwhile, a forgotten race hell-bent on destruction returns after being dormant for thousands of years. Stars: Emilia Clarke, Peter Dinklage, Kit Harington A chronicled look at the criminal exploits of Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar. Stars: Wagner Moura, Boyd Holbrook, Pedro Pascal A bipolar CIA operative becomes convinced a prisoner of war has been turned by al-Qaeda and is planning to carry out a terrorist attack on American soil. Stars: Claire Danes, Mandy Patinkin, Rupert Friend True Detective (TV Series 2014) Crime | Drama | Mystery An anthology series in which police investigations unearth the personal and professional secrets of those involved, both within and outside the law. Stars: Vince Vaughn, Colin Farrell, Rachel McAdams Dexter Morgan is a Forensics Expert, a loyal brother, boyfriend, and friend. That's what he seems to be, but that's not what he really is. Dexter Morgan is a Serial Killer that hunts the bad. Stars: Michael C. Hall, Jennifer Carpenter, David Zayas Better Call Saul (TV Series 2015) Crime | Drama The trials and tribulations of criminal lawyer, Jimmy McGill, in the time leading up to establishing his strip-mall law office in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Stars: Bob Odenkirk, Jonathan Banks, Rhea Seehorn Various chronicles of deception, intrigue and murder in and around frozen Minnesota. Yet all of these tales mysteriously lead back one way or another to Fargo, ND. Stars: Billy Bob Thornton, Martin Freeman, Allison Tolman Mr. Robot (TV Series 2015) Crime | Drama | Thriller Follows Elliot, a young programmer working as a cyber-security engineer by day, and a vigilante hacker by night. Stars: Rami Malek, Christian Slater, Portia Doubleday Stranger Things (TV Series 2016) Drama | Fantasy | Horror When a young boy disappears, his mother, a police chief, and his friends must confront terrifying forces in order to get him back. Stars: Winona Ryder, David Harbour, Finn Wolfhard On the run from a drug deal gone bad, Mike Ross, a brilliant college-dropout, finds himself a job working with Harvey Specter, one of New York City's best lawyers. Stars: Gabriel Macht, Patrick J. Adams, Meghan Markle Matt Murdock, with his other senses superhumanly enhanced, fights crime as a blind lawyer by day, and vigilante by night. Stars: Charlie Cox, Vincent D'Onofrio, Deborah Ann Woll Edit Storyline Majority House Whip Francis Underwood takes you on a


Which monarch presided in Great Britain over the time of the French Revolution, Britain's loss of its American colonies, and two decisive defeats of the French?

Why did Britain lose the American War of Independence / Revolutionary War? - Quora Quora The United States of America Why did Britain lose the American War of Independence / Revolutionary War? Britain was the world's greatest superpower at the time, with soldiers who fought on 5 continents and an irresistible navy. Britain massacred rebels and civilians in Jamaica and India around the same time and retained those colonies. Why not the 13 colonies of North America? I keep coming across explanations that, upon further study, turn out to be false: The colonists used cover rather than fighting out in the open, the colonists alone had rifled barrels, the colonists alone had bayonets. Why couldn't Britain win this one? Humphrey Clarke , MA in Modern History - University of St Andrews Because of this: and this... and this... Britain won many times in the battlefield but lost in the taverns. Taverns were plentiful and they were the social network of colonial life. Some areas of Massachusetts and Pennsylvania had them every few miles. One could get mail in a tavern, hire a hand, talk to friends, sell crops, buy land, and eat some good chow.  In these places, capable and literate American settlers, many of whom had three or four generations on American soil, debated ideas, mustered militias and formed opinions.  And after an apple jack and a roasted hen, with the warmth of a fireplace, one might even talk about throwing off the yoke of the Mother Country.   It didn't start out immediately with a call for war.  It started with a protest of the Stamp Act, other Intolerable acts, non-compliance, boycott and overall a call for assertion of American rights.   I would argue that in those debates in homes, taverns and colonial assemblies (and assemblies were often conducted in taverns), London didn't have 'a man' in the tavern to argue their side.   And so the resistance swelled and went from lobby to boycott to arms gathering, to arms-using.   The colonies before being fully united were gathering news from each other and thus a blow in New England was felt in the Middle States and eventually South.  Here's what Christopher Marshall, a "fighting Quaker' and patriot leader in Philadelphia writes about how Philadelphia reacted to the crackdown in Boston in 1775.    Christopher Marshall writes: "This being the day when the cruel act for blocking the harbor of Boston took effect, many of the inhabitants of this city, to express their sympathy and show their concern for their suffering brethren in the common cause of liberty, had their shops shut up, their houses kept close from hurry and business; also the ring of bells at Christ Church were muffled, and rung a solemn peal at intervals, from morning till night; the colors of the vessels in the harbor were hoisted half-mast high; the several houses of different worship were crowded, where divine service was performed, and particular discourses, suitable to the occasion, were preached by F. Alison, Duffield, Sprout, and Blair. Sorrow, mixed with indignation, seemed pictured in the countenance of the inhabitants, and indeed the whole city wore the aspect of deep distress, being a melancholy occasion."  --  Passages from the Remembrances of Christopher Marshall, p. 6. There was already by 1775 a national network, fueled by tavern talk, so that events in Boston could lead to protests in Philadelphia and Virginia.  All of this popular appeal for resistance might have been satisfied by better policies towards America, by meaningful olive branches, perhaps even by having American MPs in Parliament, but absent those steps, popular appeal was lost and it was never broken during the war. Britain's armies were large and had many victories, swallowing large parts of American territory, holding the commercial center of New York for all of the war and holding Boston, MA, Charleston, S.C., Newport, R.I. and Philadelphia, PA at different times.   When they captured Charleston, South Carolina, they had access to The Pink House, operating as a tavern since 1750. Then it was pink because of the Bermuda stone th


Bogota, the capital of Colombia, a city of 8 million people Close Bogota Bogota (Spanish: Bogotá) is the capital of Colombia. The population lies between 6.2 and 7.5 million men, according to a 2005 count there were 7,321,831 that year. Geography Overview of Bogota The city lies at 2600 meters altitude on a mountain plateau in the eastern mountains of the Andes. The city is the Capital District and therefore falls outside the departments of Colombia. However, Bogota is the capital of the department of Cundinamarca, by wich it is almost completely surrounded. While Bogota lies almost on the equator is the average daily temperature by the high altitude of only 18 degrees (at night 9 degrees). History Santa Fe de Bogota was founded in 1538 by Gonzalo Jimenez de Quesada. The name of the city comes from Bacata, a resident of the Muisca Indians. Bogota is actually founded twice. The first time was when Quesada on August 6, 1538 with a Holy Mass was baptized twelve farms Santafé. Then symbolically pulled grass from the ground and challenged anyone who would object to the foundation. The second and official foundation took place on April 27, 1539 when Quesada with Sebastián de Belalcázar and Nikolaus Feder Mann complied to the terms of the Spanish Crown by installing a mayor and council, identifying the streets and building lots, and defining the Plaza Mayor. At the place where Bogota was founded in 1538 is now the Cathedral to the Plaza de Bolivar Primada. Until 1940 the city grew slowly, but has since attracted many Colombians from the country to the city in search of greater economic prosperity. Bogota is the most important center of Colombia, both politically and financially and culturally. Bogota is a modern, ever-growing metropolis with high-rise buildings in the center, surrounded by suburbs with mostly low-rise. Capital Bogota - La Candelaria Bogota in 1717 became the capital of the Spanish colony of New Granada and even after independence from Spain was the capital of the country. Due to its far remoteness from the sea it was not immediately obvious that this city would become the capital of Colombia. The plateau was home to the indigenous Indians Muisca, a farming community, and they turned to an abundant source of colonial labor. This economic advantage was the capital city of the country. The colonial city can still be found in the Candelaria district. The city is listed not only the capital of Colombia, but also of the department Cundinamarca, although it is not formally a part from it. Cundinamarca is the only department whose capital is defined by the national constitution. This means that a relocation of the capital requires a constitutional amendment and not a simple decision of the Provincial Assembly. Infrastructure Bogota's is connected through the Eldorado airport and the Pan-American Highway to other major centers. Although the city has a vast network of roads one of the major problems is traffic congestion. Bogota therefore applies a restrictive car policy: on turn cars with certain license plates are forbidden to drive during peak hours. The current public transport, taxis and buses of all shapes and sizes, where unable to provide a solution for congestion and transport problem in the city. For several years Bogota therefore is building a new network of closed lanes exclusively for the bus system Transmilenio. That can best be compared to a subway, were it not is underground and uses buses with diesel engines. The network of Transmilenio is constantly growing. The street pattern of the city is like a rectangular network: the streets of north-south direction are called carreras, perpendicular to the streets in an east-west direction called calles. Carreras and calles generally have no name, but a number. The house numbering is based upon it. A home address as Calle 42 # 15-34 means that the house is located in Calle 42, 34 meters from the corner of Carrera 15 (towards carrera 16). (c) 2008 - 2015 ColombiaInfo.org


"Giovanni Boccaccio, who is best known for his work ""Decameron"" was involved in what type of activity?"

Giovanni Boccaccio facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Giovanni Boccaccio COPYRIGHT 2004 The Gale Group Inc. Giovanni Boccaccio The Italian author Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375) is best known for the Decameron. For his Latin works and his role in reviving Hellenistic learning in Florence, he may be considered one of the early humanists. The culture of Giovanni Boccaccio is rooted in the Middle Ages, but his conception of life points forward to the Renaissance. Like his fellow poet Petrarch, he straddled two ages, and yet he was unlike Petrarch—a fervent admirer of classical and Christian antiquity—in his acceptance of the medieval tradition. Boccaccio's work reflects both his bourgeois mercantile background and the chivalric ideals of the Neapolitan court, where he spent his youth. He strove to raise Italian prose to an art form nurtured in both medieval rhetoric and classical Latin prose; he had immense admiration for his great Italian contemporaries Dante and Petrarch, as well as for the classical authors. In this sense Boccaccio's vernacular humanism contrasts with Petrarch's classical humanism. Boccaccio's father, Boccaccio di Chellino, was a merchant from the small Tuscan town of Certaldo. About 1312 he went to Florence and there worked successfully for the powerful banking company of the Bardi and Peruzzi. The exact date and place of Boccaccio's illegitimate birth are unknown. Despite tales of his birth in Paris of a Parisian noblewoman, a story derived partly from some of Boccaccio's early works whose autobiographical value is disputed, it seems that he was born in 1313 in Certaldo or more likely in Florence, where he spent his childhood. Of these years he wrote, "I remember that, before having completed my seventh year, a desire was born in me to compose verse, and I wrote certain poetic fancies." Early Life In 1321 Giovanni began to study Latin. But his father did not encourage his literary interests, and by 1328 Boccaccio was in Naples to learn commerce, probably with the Bardi. After 6 years of fruitless apprenticeship, Boccaccio abandoned commerce and reluctantly studied canon law for another 6 years. Later he regretted this lost time. "I do not doubt that if, at an age most suited for this, my father had tolerated it with a serene mind, I would have become one of the celebrated poets; but because he strove to bend my talent first to a lucrative trade and then to lucrative studies, it happened that I am not a merchant, I have not turned out to be a canonist, and have not become a distinguished poet." However, the years were not wasted. Through his father's contacts (he was a financial adviser to King Robert of Anjou), Boccaccio was introduced to the cultivated society of the court at Naples. There he knew scientists and theologians, men of letters and the law. He learned astronomy and mythology and was introduced to Greek language and culture. He read the classical Latin authors, French adventure romances, and Italian poets. In the refined, and learned environment of Naples he matured and became a writer. On Holy Saturday 1336, in the church of S. Lorenzo, Boccaccio saw and began to love ardently the young noblewoman whom he called Fiammetta in his works. She is said to have been Maria, the natural daughter of King Robert and the wife of the Count of Aquino, though there is no documentary evidence of her identity. Fiammetta returned Boccaccio's love for a time and was the inspiration for all his youthful works in Italian. Italian Works Boccaccio's earliest composition, probably preceding his love for Fiammetta, is the Caccia di Diana, 18 cantos in terza rima chronicling the events of the Neapolitan court under fictitious and allegorical names. The Filocolo, a prose romance inspired by Fiammetta about 1336, retells the tale of the noble lovers Florio and Biancofiore. Based on a French romance, it contains a vivid portrayal of Neapolitan society and two stories which later reappear in the Decameron. The Filostrato (ca. 1338) is composed of nine cantos in octaves. For the first time t


25 British TV Shows You Should Watch | Complex 25 British TV Shows You Should Watch 0 In recent years, British television has made huge waves in mainstream American pop culture. First, there was Doctor Who, the addictive sci-fi series about an alien named “The Doctor” who travels around in blue police box that doubles as a time machine called the TARDIS. Then came Downton Abbey, an equally addictive period drama/soap opera that’s more scandalous and engaging than any show The CW could ever hope to put out. Check out any Tumblr and there’s a one-in-three chance that the blog you’ll stumble upon is run by someone who’s obsessed with a show from across the pond. And don't be surprised if it's Sherlock. Though the series runs are short and the episode counts low, there’s some seriously great television coming from the United Kingdom. In honor of its excellent programming, here's a foolproof list of  British TV Shows You Should Be Watching.


"How many books are there in the ""Harry Potter"" series by J K Rowling?"

How many books has J.K. Rowling written? | Reference.com How many books has J.K. Rowling written? A: Quick Answer Joanne (J.K.) Rowling has written and subsequently published the seven books in the "Harry Potter" series, two novels for adults (one under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith), supplements to the Potter series, and a prequel to the Harry Potter series. Rowling works as a ghost writer, as well. Full Answer J.K. Rowling achieved her considerable fame and wealth as the author of the "Harry Potter" novels, but has since tried her hand at novels for older readers. "The Casual Vacancy" was published in 2012 and marked her first novel after the wildly popular fantasy fiction series wrapped up in 2007. Its content featured adult themes such as political scandal and drug use. Rowling went on to write "The Cuckoo's Calling," a detective novel, under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith. The book received positive reviews, but only became a bestseller when Rowling's identity as the real author was leaked to the press. It is the first in a planned trilogy, of which the second installment will be titled "The Silkworm."


As at 2015, after he was runner-up in the Australian Open, what is Scotsman Andy Murray's world ranking in tennis?

Andy Murray cranks up 2015 schedule for assault on the rankings | Tennis | The Sport Review Andy Murray cranks up 2015 schedule for assault on the rankings Andy Murray looks to be gearing himself up for an assault on the rankings this year By Marianne Bevis     Thursday 15 January 2015, 20:17 UK View image | gettyimages.com Andy Murray’s 2015 schedule has already suggested that he is feeling fit, confident and ambitious after his difficult return to form from back surgery last season. He played, and won, the high-quality Mubadala event in Abu Dhabi during the first three days of the year, beating Feliciano Lopez and Rafael Nadal. Then he headed to Perth for the Hopman Cup, where he also won all three of his singles matches and two of the three doubles matches he played with Heather Watson. Now, Murray is preparing for the first Major of the year in Melbourne. He has been runner-up three times in the Australian Open and was a quarter-finalist there a year ago, but this time around, he is seeded outside the top four for the first time since he reached the final in 2011. Murray is clearly set on remedying that situation as soon as possible, for while the first Masters of the year, the near-Grand-Slam-size Indian Wells in mid-March is the next tournament mentioned on his website’s schedule, he has already committed to the indoor 500 in Rotterdam and, this week, has announced his participation in the outdoor 500 in Dubai. Rotterdam’s ABN AMRO event demands a quick switch of time zone and playing conditions: the Netherlands is 12 hours behind Melbourne and about 25C degrees cooler. It also throws in considerable competition: Stan Wawrinka, Tomas Berdych, Milos Raonic, Marin Cilic, Grigor Dimitrov, and a clutch of other top-30 players, are scheduled to play. Dubai takes Murray into reverse—a switch back to the hot outdoors—but also reveals a determined step into the lions’ den. The high-profile Dubai Duty Free always attracts the cream of the crop, despite competition from the new 500 hard-court tournament in Acapulco where Murray played last year. This year, it boasts defending champion Roger Federer and world No1 Novak Djokovic—along with Berdych and seven more top-30 players. Murray has not played in Dubai since reaching the final—against Federer—in 2012, but he has used the tournament’s courts as his jumping off point for 2015 rather than his usual pre-season sojourn in Miami, and he did so with the streamlined coaching team that he revamped during the off-season. That team is still headed by Amelie Mauresmo, along with, Murray admitted in The Independent, a sports psychologist, but for the first time in many years it will not include Dani Vallverdu and Jez Green, with whom Murray parted ways in November. View image | gettyimages.com Murray’s next stop on the tour is likely to revert to chillier climes and back indoors for GB’s opening World Group Davis Cup tie against the USA in Glasgow. And all that before heading to North America for the gruelling Indian Wells-Miami swing, where he parted company with Ivan Lendl last year. So it’s an interesting back-and-forth schedule that will demand good form, considerable adaptability, and great physical condition—though his six-week, six-tournament run to three titles at the end of 2014 proved, if nothing else, that Murray does not lack the last element. Murray has, though, been far from idle away from the tennis court since he made his exhausted exit from the ATP World Tour Finals. View image | gettyimages.com As well as reshaping his coaching set-up, he became engaged to long-term girlfriend Kim Sears, negotiated a switch in clothing sponsor through his own management company, 77, and has just launched a personal logo—a la Federer, Nadal and Djokovic—that will get its first airing at the Australian Open. A logo in itself suggests a certain confidence: It combines his initials with 77—a reference via his company’s name to the number of years Wimbledon waited for a Briton to win the men’s title. Murray claimed the accolade 77 years after the last, Fred Perry. How quickly Murray can


Eric Burdon - The Animals - We Gotta Get Out Of This Place - YouTube Eric Burdon - The Animals - We Gotta Get Out Of This Place Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Feb 21, 2008 This video seems to have disappeared. There is another version of this with a 50 second introduction here: www dot youtube dot com/watch?v=TpNWSW49IBM . But the version I'm uploading does not have the introduction. Until viewing You Tube I was not aware of Eric Burdon and The Animals, I had heard their songs, but didn't know who sang them. It's not a good idea for You Tube to remove these videos since they are a form of marketing and they make people aware of these artists. For example I just bought the 2 CD set "The Complete Animals [Extra Tracks] [Import]" from Amazon. They contain 41 tracks, the complete recordings made with Mickie Most as producer. Some of their future songs are not included since Mickie Most was not the producer at that time. Wouldn't have bought these CDs had I not learned about Eric Burdon and The Animals from these You Tube videos. Category


Vidkun Quisling, infamous in Europe, allied himself and his country for a time with what other European figure?

Vidkun Quisling | Military Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia listen ) ; 18 July 1887 – 24 October 1945) was a Norwegian politician. On 9 April 1940, with the German invasion of Norway in progress, he seized power in a Nazi-backed coup d'état. From 1942 to 1945 he served as Minister-President , working with the occupying forces . His government, known as the Quisling regime , was dominated by ministers from Nasjonal Samling , the party he founded in 1933. The collaborationist government participated – wittingly or unwittingly – in Germany's Final Solution . Quisling was put on trial during the legal purge in Norway after World War II and found guilty of charges including embezzlement, murder and high treason. He was executed by firing squad at Akershus Fortress , Oslo, on 24 October 1945. During World War II , the word quisling became a synonym for traitor. The son of a Church of Norway pastor, Quisling blended Christian fundamentals, scientific developments and philosophy into a new theory he called Universism . Before going into politics, he proved himself in the military, joining the General Staff in 1911 and specialising in Russian affairs. He was posted to Russia in 1918, and worked with Fridtjof Nansen during the Russian famine of 1921 in Ukraine, returning to Russia to work with Frederik Prytz in Moscow. When Prytz left in 1927, Quisling stayed on as the Norwegian diplomat responsible for managing British diplomatic affairs. For these services he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire by King George V , though the honour was later rescinded. He returned to Norway in 1929, and served as Minister of Defence during the governments of Peder Kolstad (1931–32) and Jens Hundseid (1932–33). Although Quisling achieved some popularity after his attacks on the political left, his party failed to win any seats in the Storting and was little more than peripheral at the time of his 1940 coup. Contents (help· info ) ) was born on 18 July 1887 in Fyresdal , in the Norwegian county of Telemark . He was the son of Church of Norway pastor and genealogist Jon Lauritz Qvisling (1844–1930) and his wife Anna Caroline Bang (1860–1941), [1] the daughter of Jørgen Bang, ship-owner and at the time the richest man of the town Grimstad in South Norway. [2] Qvisling had lectured in Grimstad in the 1870s, where one of his pupils was Bang, whom he married on 28 May 1886 following a long engagement. The newly-wed couple promptly moved to Fyresdal, where Vidkun and his younger siblings were born. [2] The family name derives from Quislinus, a Latinised name invented by the ancestor Lauritz Ibsen Quislin (1634–1703), based on the village of Kvislemark in Jutland, Denmark, from whence he had emigrated. [3] Having two brothers and a sister, [4] the young Quisling was "shy and quiet but also loyal and helpful, always friendly, occasionally breaking into a warm smile". [5] Private letters later found by historians also indicate a warm and affectionate relationship between the family members. [6] From 1893 to 1900, his father was a chaplain for the Strømsø borough in Drammen . Here, Vidkun went to school for the first time. He was bullied by other students at the school for his Telemark dialect, but proved a successful student. [7] In 1900, the family moved to Skien when his father was appointed provost of the city. [8] Academically Quisling proved talented in humanities, particularly history, and natural sciences ; he specialised in mathematics. At this point, however, his life had no clear direction. [9] In 1905, Quisling enrolled at the Norwegian Military Academy , having received the highest entrance examination score of the 250 applicants that year. [9] Transferring in 1906 to the Norwegian Military College , he graduated with the highest score since the college's inception in 1817, and was rewarded by an audience with the King. [8] [9] On 1 November 1911, he joined the army General Staff. [9] Norway was neutral in the First World War ; Quisling detested the peace movement, though the high human cost of the war did temper his views


What part of the body does interstitial nephritis affect?

Interstitial Nephritis » National Kidney Federation Interstitial Nephritis What is Interstitial Nephritis? Interstitial nephritis is a condition where there is inflammation within the the kidneys. It is the same in both kidneys, and can only be seen under the microscope. There is swelling and scarring inside the kidneys, although this is not usually painful. 'Interstitial' means that the inflammation does not affect the blood vessels or filters in the kidney, but only the parts inbetween them. Nephritis means kidney disease. The next few paragraphs will tell you what causes interstitial nephritis, how it is diagnosed and how it is treated. What Causes Interstitial Nephritis? The immune system. Interstitial nephritis is caused by the body’s immune system (natural defences). The usual job of the immune system is to fight invaders into the body. These might be germs or bugs, or foreign objects such as splinters. The body recognises these invaders, and tries to eliminate them from the body. The blood contains two main types of defence system. One is white blood cells, which stick to germs and kill them. The other type of defence is antibodies, which are smaller than the white blood cells, and by sticking onto germs either make them burst apart, or help the white blood cells to stick to them. The immune system is very powerful, and is normally very good at recognising what is part of the body and what is not. However, sometimes it makes a mistake and attacks the body as if that part of the body was an invader. There are many different diseases caused by the immune system, and they can affect any part of the body. There are several kidney diseases caused by the immune system. Some of them affect only the kidneys, some can affect other parts of the body as well as the kidneys. It is not clear why the immune system causes diseases such as interstitial nephritis. There may be some trigger that makes the immune system go wrong, such as an infection. Sometimes interstitial nephritis can be caused by a drug. Often it is not known why interstitial nephritis occurs. Infections and other causes of interstitial nephritis. Some infections, including tuberculosis, can cause interstitial nephritis, and doctors will test for this and other infections in patients with interstitial nephritis. Rarely, interstitial nephritis can be seen with diseases that affect other parts of the body, and the kidney specialist will check for these. How is Interstitial Nephritis Diagnosed? Interstitial nephritis is usually suspected because blood tests show an abnormality in the kidney function. Urine and X-ray tests are first performed to make sure there is no infection or blockage to the flow of urine. If this does not explain the kidney disease, a kidney biopsy is then performed. A biopsy is the removal of a fragment of kidney with a needle. When the kidney tissue is examined under a microscope, interstitial nephritis may be diagnosed. What are the Symptoms of Interstitial Nephritis? There are often no symptoms directly connected with the kidneys. It is rare to have pain. Urine is usually passed in normal quantities even when the kidneys are removing little waste product from the body. It is common to pass more urine at night. In some cases the urine volumes are excessive so you feel dry and thirsty all the time. Interstitial nephritis can damage the kidneys so much that kidney failure develops. This is a severe build up of waste products in the body. If severe kidney failure develops, tiredness, sickness, vomiting and itching may occur. In some people with interstitial nephritis the the bowel is affected by inflammation as well as the kidneys. If this is the case, there may be tummy pain or vomiting. In severe cases there may be vomiting of blood. Rarely there is also a blotchy red rash on the skin. What is the Treatment for Interstitial Nephritis? It often gets better on its own, especially if the interstitial nephritis was due to a drug that has been stopped. However, in many cases recovery is not immediate and the kidney specialist will consider giving


"""Fanny and Alexander"", a Swedish/French/German co-production classic about a Swedish family in Uppsala released in 1982, was directed by whom?"

Swedish film 1 2016 sidor by The Swedish Film Institute - issuu issuu Månsson’s margins A poet gets down with the workers in The Yard Scary sleepover The magical saga Siv Sleeps Astray set for the screen Voguing in New York Sara Jordenö goes underground with the Kiki ballroom scene A Love Story Pernilla August turns the classic Swedish novel A Serious Game into a gritty love drama A magazine from the Swedish Film Institute • sfi.se Film Väst congratulates its co-productions in Berlin! Official Competition: THE COMMUNE By Thomas Vinterberg Official Competition: UNITED STATES OF LOVE By Tomasz Wasilewski Berlinale Shorts Competition: TEN METER TOWER By Axel Danielson & Maximilien Van Aertryck 6A By Peter Modestij A SERIOUS GAME By Pernilla August MOMS ON FIRE By Joanna Rytel MOTHER KNOWS BEST By Mikael Bundsen Berlinale Panorama: Your Scandinavian Partner in Co-Productions Film Väst is one of Europe’s leading regional film funds, located on the Swedish west coast in Västra Götaland. Film Väst is active as Co-Producer and Investor in International and Swedish film and TV-drama. WWW.FILMVAST.SE KIKI By Sara Jordenös and Twiggy Pucci Garçons Welcome Swedish films take Berlin by storm Pick any section and you’ll find at least one Swedish film. Yes, that’s the reality at this year’s Berlinale, where a total of nine films have been accepted (in addition to five coproductions). With a mixture of newcomers and established directors, the fact that they cover every section is particularly pleasing as it displays a broad diversity of voices and expression. There’s also something that’s becoming the norm in Swedish film: more than half of the works are directed by women. In the main section for short films we find Joanna Rytel’s Moms on Fire and Ten Meter Tower (Hopptornet, 2016) by Maximilien Van Aertryck and Axel Danielson. Given that the Berlinale is one of the world’s absolute leading festivals for short films, it’s especially gratifying that two Swedish films have been accepted to compete. Having been part of the ensemble that scooped the Golden Bear for outstanding artistic achievement with Daybreak (Om jag vänder mig om) in 2004, the Palme d’Or-winning actress Pernilla August makes her first visit to the Berlinale as a director. Her directorial debut Beyond (Svinalängorna) was an award winner at the 2010 Venice Film Festival. Now she brings her second feature to the Special Gala section. A Serious Game (Den allvarsamma leken) is her version of Hjalmar Söderberg’s classic novel, adapted for the screen by Lone Scherfig. In the Forum section Måns Månsson is back with The Yard (Yarden), a contemporary study of the precariat and exclusion based on the book of the same name by Kristian Lundberg. Direct from Sundance to Panorama comes Sara Jordenö with her film Kiki, a documentary study of New York’s LGBT underground House and Ballroom scene. And as something we have come to expect of Swedish films, once again we have a number of films in Generation. Based on a much-loved children’s book by Pija Lindenbaum is Siv Sleeps Astray (Siv sover vilse), a magical film directed by Catti Edfeldt and Lena Hanno Clyne. Peter Modestij’s 6A, on the other hand, is a gritty and realistic portrayal of school life with a focus on young teenagers. Two more shorts have been selected for the section, Ida Lindgren’s The Body is a Lonely Planet (Kroppen är en ensam plats) and Mother Knows Best (Mamma vet bäst) by Mikael Bundsen. As you might expect, even more films are to be found in the European Film Market. One of them is the popular Swedish hit A Man Called Ove (En man som heter Ove), based on Fredrik Backman’s best-selling novel. The film has already overtaken The 100-Year-Old Man Who Climbed Out the Window and Disappeared (Hundraåringen som klättrade ut genom fönstret och försvann, 2013) at the box office, and is currently notching up impressive audience figures in our neighbouring countries. So welcome to the world of Swedish film. This year we truly have something for everyone. Anna Serner CEO, Swedish Film Institute Director, International Departmen


In which area is part or all of the Dakar Rally run since 2008?

News: Dakar Cars: the Prince and the pretenders! 12/30/15 Two-time Dakar champion (2011 and 2015) Nasser Al-Attiyah is starting the race in Buenos Aires as the favourite for the 2016 edition. However, many former winners and rising stars, including Mini teammates and Toyota drivers, could well thwart his plans. Peugeot put the finishing touch to its dream team in the shape of Sébastien Loeb, a man who rarely watches from the sidelines. The facts on the ground can make it look like a race or a match can be won before it even starts. Nasser Al-Attiyah's sky-high confidence and form do seem to stack the odds in his favour as he prepares to defend his title. The Qatari's earlier reputation as a daredevil who liked to play with fire and sometimes got burnt is a distant memory. Now a juggernaut, the Prince of the Dakar was not satiated with his stellar performance in the 2015 edition, which he took with over 35 minutes to spare over the closest competitor. The most voracious driver in the world of rally raids put on a cracking display to claim the rallies of Qatar, Egypt and Morocco, as well as the Hungary, Italy and Poland Bajas, winning the sport's world cup by a country mile, together with new titles in WRC 2 and the Middle East Championship! Al-Attiyah and Baumel are clearly the huge favourites to win this thing.   However, there are no certainties in the Dakar, where the race can be turned on its head any second even for the best car in the rally. They will face ferocious competition from within Mini itself: 2014 winner Nani Roma and ambitious Orly Terranova (5th in 2013 and 2014) pose the greatest danger among the record-breaking 13 crews fielded by X-Raid, including Guerlain Chicherit's "Zebra" buggy. Toyota Gazoo features other pretenders to the crown, especially 2009 champion and last year's runner-up Giniel de Villiers, but also Yazeed Al-Rajhi, who seemed to have a podium finish in the bag for his first participant last January when he was forced to quit on stage 11.   In the car category, 2016 is expected to see Peugeot makes amends for its lacklustre comeback in 2015. Tests in actual race conditions, ample experience and thousands of hours of work on their cars should help Stéphane Peterhansel (11th in 2015), Carlos Sainz (DNF) and Cyril Despres (34th) put their uninspiring debut behind them. Perhaps most importantly, the new version of the 2008 DKR will be driven by the top signing of the year, Sébastien Loeb, who has yet to reach his limits. Will the best rally driver of all times manage to repeat the exploit of Ari Vatanen, who won the Dakar in his first attempt in 1987… at the wheel of a Peugeot? Cautious pundits will point out those were different times and different competitors, while curious fans will let their imagination run amok. And so will Loeb.   The rookie who has generated the greatest buzz this year may be expected to vie for victory or a top placing, but he will have to see off a host of challengers for the podium, including Robby Gordon and his whiz teammate, 18-year-old Sheldon Creed. Team Renauld Duster is banking on Christian Lavieille (6th in 2015), while Mitsubishi pins its hopes on Portugal's Carlos Sousa, another wonder of consistency who has finished no fewer than 10 times inside the top 10 in his last 11 Dakar starts. Not even Nasser can match that! Trunk time for the Italians 12/30/15 Francesco Catanese and Manuel Lucchese, both of them competing in the Malles Moto category, were the first riders to turn up at the vast halls of Tecnópolis. As the mercury inches upward in the hangars of Tecnópolis, two Italian riders seek some respite from the sun in the shadow of the truck carrying the trunks reserved to Malles Moto competitors. Francesco Catanese and Manuel Lucchese retrieve their gear shortly after making it to Buenos Aires. It is the last check-up before the technical scrutineering of Thursday and Friday. The former will try and break a streak of bad luck (DNF in 2014 and 2015) and take his Yamaha 450 WRF all the way home. Meanwhile, the latter is making his comeback in the 2016 Daka


What age (in years) does a horse have to be to run in the Epsom Derby?

Epsom Derby: A new royal first for Queen Elizabeth II - CNN.com Epsom Derby: A new royal first for Queen Elizabeth II Updated 1049 GMT (1849 HKT) April 21, 2016 Chat with us in Facebook Messenger. Find out what's happening in the world as it unfolds. Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race The Derby is Britain's richest horse race, an event that dates all the way back to 1780 and is named after the then Earl of Derby. Hide Caption 1 of 15 Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race The course that hosts it each year, Epsom, attracts a wide range of patrons. From the fashionistas... Hide Caption 2 of 15 Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race ... to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, who was in situ for last year's running of the prestigious race. Hide Caption 3 of 15 Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race Top hats and tails are in order for gentlemen on race day at Epsom, a short train ride from London. Hide Caption Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race The event is as much about the party atmosphere as the racing itself. Hide Caption 5 of 15 Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race And betting plays a key role with the odds chopping and changing in the lead-up to the race. Hide Caption Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race Fashion runs side-by-side with the racing, including these rather fetching Panama hats. Hide Caption 7 of 15 Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race The Red Devils parachute team mark the start of the race as they swoop down on the course last year complete with a Union Jack. Hide Caption Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race And a marching band get spectators in the mood under blue skies. Hide Caption 9 of 15 Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race Ahead of each race, jockeys make their way into the parade ring to meet the owners and saddle up on their mounts. Hide Caption Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race The grandstand is a mere blur as the race action hots up on the turf. Hide Caption 11 of 15 Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race The crowd watches on as Joseph O'Brien rides Australia to victory last year, a horse trained by his father Aidan. Hide Caption 12 of 15 Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race In truth, though, Epsom has something for everyone. Here, a modest trio entertain the passing crowds. Hide Caption Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race Elm Park is among the favorites for this year's race. Hide Caption 14 of 15 Photos: The Epsom Derby: Britain's richest race The horse is trained by Andrew Balding, who looks after four of the Queen's horses and whose father Ian trained 1971 Derby winner Mill Reef. Hide Caption


The government of the Andaman Islands archipelago is divided between India and which other country?

Map of Andaman & Nicobar Islands - Asian Maps, Asia Maps Andaman & Nicobar Islands Map Information - World Atlas - WorldAtlas.com Map of Andaman & Nicobar Islands - Asian Maps, Asia Maps Andaman & Nicobar Islands Map Information - World Atlas Print this map It's recorded that Marco Polo was the first official visitor to the beautiful Andaman and Nicobar islands, a tropical archipelago of 572 islands.  Isolated in the  Indian Ocean  and little known in the western world, these islands (a territory of  India ) are covered by tropical rain forests and only a handful of them are inhabited.  Historically, farming and fishing were (and are) the main revenue sources here, however, increased tourism (especially from scuba divers and beach lovers) are providing another source of much-needed income.  Note that travel to the Nicobar Islands is restricted, and only Indian nationals engaged in research may visit. Some exceptions are made for tourists with special permits.  Fast Facts Name: Andaman and Nicobar Islands; a territory of India since 1947 Capital City: Port Blair (100,186 pop.) Population: 379,944 (2010 est.) Language: Bengali (32.6%), Hindi (25.95%), Tamil including Sri Lankan Tamils (17.84%), Nicobarese and Telugu (18.93%)  Largest Cities: (by population) Port Blair National Day: January 17 Religion: Hinduism (67%), Christian, Muslim, Sikh Flags As a territory of India, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands fly the national flag of India.  The India flag was officially adopted on July 22, 1947, as the Indian subcontinent divided into India and Pakistan.  The orange represents courage and sacrifice, green symbolizes faith and chivalry, and white idealizes peace and truth. The Buddhist spinning wheel (Chakra) is centered.  Coastline: 1,219 miles (1,962 km) Land Area:  (land) 3,184 sq miles (8,249 sq km)  (water) 0 sq miles (0 sq km)  (TOTAL) 3,184 sq miles (8,249 sq km)  To convert sq km (kilometers) to sq mi (miles) Port Blair: (capital city) 11° 40' N, 92° 44' E Kolkata: 22° 34' N, 88° 21' E Mumbai: 19° 4' N, 72° 52' E Horizontal Width: unknown Vertical Length: unknown Note: Lengths and widths are point-to-point, straight-line measurements from a Mercator map projection, and will vary some using other map projections Geographic Center: unknown Highest Point: Saddle Peak 2,395 ft. (730 m) Lowest Point: Indian Ocean 0 m Geography Located in the  Indian Ocean , between  India  and  Burma (Myanmar) , the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are the tops of an Indian Ocean mountain range, and most of them are hilly, with heavy rain forests.  Links Travel Info. ATTRACTIONS: (a few major) A permit is required to visit the Andaman Islands, and can be obtained - with the presentation of passport and visa - at the Port Blair Airport. The permit is valid for 30 days. Note: Travel to Nicobar Islands is restricted to Indian nationals.  In the Andamans, besides beach activities and prolific fishing venues, tourism highlights include mountain trekking, snorkeling and scuba diving.  A visit to Port Blair, Andaman's capital, should include stops at the Cellular Jail, the Anthropological Museum, Chatham Sawmill and the Marine Museum.  Excursions to the beautiful islands of Wandoor and Jolly Buoy are recommended as well as a trip to the bird sanctuary at Chiriyatapoo.  Accommodation choices are fairly simple with a few good eco resorts now available.  GENERAL INTEREST: Calling Code: 91, then 3192 Electricity: 230V, 50Hz PASSPORTS - TRAVEL VISAS - WARNINGS: NOTE: Before making your travel plans to any worldwide destination, we strongly recommend you authenticate important details regarding all applicable health, passport and visa requirements. The people at  Travel Visa Pro can answer all of your questions! Weather Andaman and Nicobar Islands enjoy tropical weather year-round, with humidity running on the high side.  During the monsoon months (May - September) and (November - mid-December), heavy to moderate rain can be expected.  High temperatures throughout the year average near 87°F (31°C), while lows are near 73°F (23º C).


"Who wrote the line ""No man is an island entire of itself""?"

No Man Is An Island Poem by John Donne - Poem Hunter No Man Is An Island Poem by John Donne - Poem Hunter No Man Is An Island - Poem by John Donne Autoplay next video No man is an island, Entire of itself, Every man is a piece of the continent, A part of the main. If a clod be washed away by the sea, Europe is the less. As well as if a promontory were. As well as if a manor of thy friend's Or of thine own were: Any man's death diminishes me, Because I am involved in mankind, And therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; It tolls for thee. next poem » Poet's Notes about The Poem These famous words by John Donne were not originally written as a poem - the passage is taken from the 1624 Meditation 17, from Devotions Upon Emergent Occasions and is prose. The words of the original passage are as follows: John Donne Meditation 17 Devotions upon Emergent Occasions 'No man is an iland, intire of it selfe; every man is a peece of the Continent, a part of the maine; if a clod bee washed away by the Sea, Europe is the lesse, as well as if a Promontorie were, as well as if a Mannor of thy friends or of thine owne were; any mans death diminishes me, because I am involved in Mankinde; And therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; It tolls for thee....'


"The podcast which grew out of ""This American Life"", and first aired in 2014, is called...?"

Serial Next Episode How to Listen You can listen to Serial in many places: right here on our site, on iTunes and other podcast apps, and on Pandora. Season Two is now complete. Listen again from the beginning .


Cheroots: The What and Where of the Stogie - MyanmarBurma.com Cheroots: The What and Where of the Stogie Where would you like to go? Yangon Best price guarantee Best price guarantee We want you to pay the lowest possible rate for your room. If you have reserved a hotel room through Agoda, and then show us that you could book the same room, for the same dates, at a lower rate, that is viewable and bookable on another website, agoda will either match that rate or beat it. Powered by: Best price guarantee Best price guarantee We want you to pay the lowest possible rate for your room. If you have reserved a hotel room through Agoda, and then show us that you could book the same room, for the same dates, at a lower rate, that is viewable and bookable on another website, agoda will either match that rate or beat it. Powered by: Powered by Agoda Cheroots: The What and Where of the Stogie All Regions Shopping & Markets |      0 comments A cheroot is a cigar distinctive to Myanmar (Burma), so distinctive in fact that they have been nicknamed a “Burmese facial feature.” It is not unusual to see Burmese ladies puffing away on cheroots today. image source from:  scoutphotoexpeditions.com/ The world “cheroot” is derived from the French word cheroute, which comes from a Tamil word meaning “roll of tobacco.” The cheroot has both ends clipped and is made with a blend of tobacco and fragrant wood chips, then rolled up with the dried and flattened “tha nat phet” leaf. A filter is added made of dry corn husks or sugar cane fibers for a stronger smoke . It is said that the cheroots are sweet in taste and fragrant and, thus, freshen the mouth. Many cheroots come from the Shan states in the east of Myanmar (Burma) with the best cheroots allegedly coming from factories in Taunggyi . The cheroot industry here is huge with the cultivation of the leaf plantations as the main cash crop. Consequently you’ll see a lot of the dark green cigars stacked high on market stalls while some market vendors walk around and offer them on trays. Especially big cheroots can be found in Mandalay . The women of Inle Lake are also famous for hand-rolling the cheroots, very quickly! They can roll over 500 cheroots a day. It is worth noting that Inle Lake is particularly known for its flavored cheroots; cigars rolled with dried banana, pineapple , tamarind, honey and rice wine. Some of the cheroots made in Inle Lake are so focused on flavors that the only tobacco found in them is the leaf holding the cigar together. Nam Pan Village has a number of cheroot factories, which sell a packet of 10 small cheroots for 1,000 Kyat , which is about US $1.20.


From which country do the professional boxers, the Klitschko brothers originate?

Wladimir Klitschko - Official Website of Vitali & Wladimir Klitschko | klitschko.com Wladimir Klitschko Fights 68 W 64 (54 KOs) – L 4 Amateur record: 6′ 6½″ / 198 cm Reach: 81″ / 206 cm "All I can do is to fight every opponent who gets into my way, to always compete with the best and thus being the best champion possible. History will assign my place in the saga of boxing", says Wladimir Klitschko, official WBA, IBF, WBO, IBO and "The Ring Magazine" heavyweight champion of the world who is also ruled as undisputed No. 1 in the heavyweight division by the bible of boxing, the "Ring Magazine". As an amateur Wladimir Klitschko won 134 of his 140 fights. Undoubtedly, his greatest achievement was the Olympic gold medal in the super heavyweight division in Atlanta 1996. After that he decided to move into professional boxing. 1999 Wladimir became European Champion when beating German Axel Schulz. In 2000, Wladimir got his first title shot against WBO Champion Chris Byrd. In that fight, Wladimir was seeking revenge for his older brother Vitali who had to give up his fight against Byrd because of a shoulder injury six months before, thus losing the WBO title to the American. Wladimir won on points getting the belt back in the family. For more than two years, he was then holding it until he was surprisingly defeated by Corrie Sanders. Another defeat within 12 months (against Lamon Brewster) meant the low point in Wladimir’s career. Many experts (including his brother Vitali) advised Wladimir to quit with boxing. But ever since the beginning of his impressive career, Klitschko proved to be a real champion with the will to always measure up with the best. He did not think about giving up but wanted to show the world that he is a real champion. That is why he picked – just one year after his serious defeat against Brewster – nobody else than the "Nigerian Nightmare" Samuel Peter, who was known as the hardest puncher in the division at that time. Since years it was the first time again that Wladimir was not the favourite going into the fight. Anyway, Klitschko won on points after being down three times, whereas he nearly knocked out Peter himself in the final round. Klitschko was back and got a title shot against IBF world heavyweight champion Chris Byrd. Klitschko dominated the fight and knocked Byrd out in round 7. Klitschko became the new IBF world heavyweight champion and also captured the vacant IBO title. This fight was followed by a crushing KO against undefeated Calvin Brock, America’s great hope in heavyweight boxing. Ringside at Madison Square Garden the great Muhammad Ali. In the rematch against Brewster, Klitschko showed his power and predominance which resulted in a clear victory. In February 2008, again at Madison Square Garden, Klitschko faced WBO champion Sultan Ibragimow in the first title reunion in the heavyweight division since 1999. Wladimir controlled his opponent and the entire fight to become a three time world heavyweight champion. Tony Thompson, WBO’s No. 1, was next to challenge Klitschko but he hit the canvas after another demonstration of Klitschko in round 11. IBF’s number 1, Alexander Povetkin, was scheduled for Klitschko at the end of 2008 but the Russian had to withdraw due to a foot injury. Klitschko – determined to fight – chose more than an easy replacement: Two time world heavyweight champion Hasim Rahman, who knocked out Lennox Lewis in 2001. The fight ended with another KO victory to the account of Klitschko. In 2009, Wladimir was supposed to meet David Haye in the ring for the first time. Within record time the 61.000 tickets at the soccer stadium “Schalke Arena” were sold out, but Haye blew off the bout due to an injury. Again, Klitschko did not want to cancel the event and disappoint his fans. He knew he is physically and mentally prepared to beat a great champion. That is why he took on undefeated WBA titlist Ruslan Chagaev. Klitschko won with an amazing demonstration of his power – despite a torn ligament in his shoulder. "I tried everything but was left without any chance", said unbeaten Ch


Toronto, Canada, is on the northern shore of which lake?

Landforms in Toronto | USA Today Landforms in Toronto Toronto is on the north shore of Lake Ontario. (Photo: Photos.com/Photos.com/Getty Images ) "Information on Landforms in Quebec, Canada" Toronto is in southern Ontario Province, Canada, on the northern shore of Lake Ontario. The city center is 35 miles east of the Niagara Escarpment, an eroded cliff face of exposed lake sediments that passes through suburbs on the western edge of the Greater Toronto Area. Ice Age glaciers shaped the landforms in Toronto, as glacial advance scraped rock from the land and glacial retreat deposited the scraped debris along with meltwater. Lakeshore Modern Lake Ontario is within the bed of ancient Lake Iroquois, a meltwater lake that rose while Ice Age glaciers blocked the outlet of the Saint Lawrence River to the sea. The stranded shoreline of the Lake Iroquois bluff is known locally in Toronto as tablelands. Today Lake Ontario's shoreline landform varies considerably over the length of metropolitan Toronto, but is predominantly shale bedrock overlain by stream deposits of sand, mud and clay, or glacial boulders, cobble and gravel. Oak Ridges Moraine Seventeen miles north of the lakeshore, the hills and valleys of the Oak Ridges Moraine rise 820 feet above lake level and feed the aquifer that provides water for 200,000 people within Toronto. The moraine's spongy wetlands of sand, rock and gravel were deposited 12,000 years ago between two lobes of the retreating Wisconsin Glaciation, and are now the headlands of 65 streams, of which 35 pass through the Greater Toronto Area. The moraine originates at the Niagara Escarpment and extends eastward 100 miles, with a width of 12 miles. Oak Ridges is 30 percent forested, as well as containing lakes and bogs, and rests above previously deposited glacial till. Rouge River Valley Five creeks and many smaller streams that originate in Oak Ridge Moraine converge to form the Rouge River that flows through Toronto parkland. At Finch Meander, just north of Toronto Zoo, the walls of the Rouge River Valley are 120-foot cliffs of sand, silt and clay. The Rouge is joined by the Little Rouge River within the city and slows as it continues over the level clay plain that was once the shallows of Lake Iroquois. As the river joins Lake Ontario, its waters are murky with clay that drops into fertile wetlands before the river cuts through an offshore sandbar to enter the lake. Hogback South of Toronto Zoo and between the Rouge and Little Rouge Rivers, the Hogback tableland is an interfluvial, or between streams, ridge of preserved recreation land among a 400-acre forest, the largest surviving in the Toronto metro area. The Province of Ontario acquired 1,000 acres of the Hogback in the 1970s, and the land is open for hiking along many trails in the nature preserve. References


Which English king was removed from the throne in 1399?

King Henry IV | Britroyals Born: April 4, 1366 at Bolingbroke Castle, Lincolnshire Parents: John of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster Relation to Elizabeth II: 16th great-granduncle House of: Lancaster Ascended to the throne: September 30, 1399 aged 33 years Crowned: October 13, 1399 at Westminster Abbey Married: (1) Mary de Bohun, (2) Joan, Daughter of Charles II of Navarre Children: Five sons including Henry V, and two daughters Died: March 20, 1413 at Westminster Abbey, aged 46 years, 11 months, and 14 days Buried at: Canterbury Reigned for: 13 years, 5 months, and 18 days Succeeded by: his son Henry V King of England from 1399, the son of John of Gaunt. In 1398 he was banished by Richard II but returned in 1399 to head a revolt and be accepted as king by Parliament. He was succeeded by his son Henry V. He had difficulty in keeping the support of Parliament and the clergy, and had to deal with baronial unrest and Owen Glendower's rising in Wales. In order to win support he had to conciliate the Church by a law for the burning of heretics, and to make many concessions to Parliament. The Percy family was defeated at Shrewsbury in 1403, and the Earl of Northumberland was beaten at Bramham Moor in 1408. King Henry IV's Signature


Java, Borneo, Bali, and Sulawesi are what?

Indonesia Map / Geography of Indonesia / Map of Indonesia - Worldatlas.com Print this map Indonesia, with over 18,000 counted islands, is by far the largest and most varied archipelago on Earth. It spans almost 2 million square kilometers between Asia and Australia . With a population of 248,216,193, Indonesia shares land borders with 3 countries: Malaysia, Timor-Leste and Papa New Guinea.  Positioned on the Equator , across a region of immense volcanic activity, Indonesia has some 400 volcanoes within its borders, with at least 90 still active in some way. Many of the islands here are still uninhabited, with the larger islands of Java, Kalimantan (Borneo), Irian Jaya (Papua), Sumatra and Sulawesi home to most of the population base. Forming a bulk of the modern population are Austronesian peoples, who migrated from Taiwan around 2000 BC seeking out the ideal agricultural conditions. The strategic sea-lane positioning of Indonesia also played host to the cultivation of international trade with China and Indian kingdoms. Through the early centuries AD, a number of small states flourished across Indonesia, including the Tarumanagara who produced some of the earliest known inscriptions on Java island. By the 7th century BC the Srivijaya naval kingdom had established on Sumatra, bringing with them the influences of Hinduism and Buddhism, and shaping much of the southeast Asia maritime. The Srivijayans were severely weakened by a series of Chola raids in the 11th century, and by 1414 had completely ceased to exist. Islam made its way to Sumatra during the slow downfall of the Srivijayan kingdom, and in its wake the Majapahit state formed. Under the ruling of Gajah Mada, Indonesia experienced a Golden Age, and extended through much of the southern Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra and Bali. Warfare dominated the late 1500s and on into the mid 1600s as the Sultanate of Mataram expanded the kingdom further, and the Dutch East India Company began dominating trade and colonization in Asia . Discontent with the current king, Amangkurat I, rose during the 1670s. Despite his attempt at bringing long-term stability, revolts only intensified. Following the death of Amangkurat I, Amangkurat II gained control of the kingdom, but efforts were lost as a two-year war completely toppled the kingdom. Prev Page 1/3 Next Page See Also


According to the children's tale, what was the name of the Three Billy Goats?

Three Billy Goats Gruff Three Billy Goats Gruff folktales of Aarne-Thompson type 122E translated and/or edited by The Three Billy Goats Gruff Norway Once upon a time there were three billy goats, who were to go up to the hillside to make themselves fat, and the name of all three was "Gruff." On the way up was a bridge over a cascading stream they had to cross; and under the bridge lived a great ugly troll , with eyes as big as saucers, and a nose as long as a poker. So first of all came the youngest Billy Goat Gruff to cross the bridge. "Trip, trap, trip, trap! " went the bridge. "Who's that tripping over my bridge?" roared the troll . "Oh, it is only I, the tiniest Billy Goat Gruff , and I'm going up to the hillside to make myself fat," said the billy goat, with such a small voice. "Now, I'm coming to gobble you up," said the troll. "Oh, no! pray don't take me. I'm too little, that I am," said the billy goat. "Wait a bit till the second Billy Goat Gruff comes. He's much bigger." "Well, be off with you," said the troll. A little while after came the second Billy Goat Gruff to cross the bridge. Trip, trap, trip, trap, trip, trap, went the bridge. "Who's that tripping over my bridge?" roared the troll. "Oh, it's the second Billy Goat Gruff , and I'm going up to the hillside to make myself fat," said the billy goat, who hadn't such a small voice. "Now I'm coming to gobble you up," said the troll. "Oh, no! Don't take me. Wait a little till the big Billy Goat Gruff comes. He's much bigger." "Very well! Be off with you," said the troll. But just then up came the big Billy Goat Gruff . Trip, trap, trip, trap, trip, trap! went the bridge, for the billy goat was so heavy that the bridge creaked and groaned under him. "Who's that tramping over my bridge?" roared the troll. "It's I! The big Billy Goat Gruff ," said the billy goat, who had an ugly hoarse voice of his own. "Now I 'm coming to gobble you up," roared the troll. Well, come along! I've got two spears, And I'll poke your eyeballs out at your ears; I've got besides two curling-stones, And I'll crush you to bits, body and bones. That was what the big billy goat said. And then he flew at the troll, and poked his eyes out with his horns, and crushed him to bits, body and bones, and tossed him out into the cascade, and after that he went up to the hillside. There the billy goats got so fat they were scarcely able to walk home again. And if the fat hasn't fallen off them, why, they're still fat; and so, Snip, snap, snout. This tale's told out. Source: Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe, De tre bukkene Bruse som skulle gå til seters og gjøre seg fete , Norske Folkeeventyr, translated by George Webbe Dasent in Popular Tales from the Norse, 2nd edition (London: George Routledge and Sons, n.d.), no. 37, pp. 275-276. Translation revised by D. L. Ashliman. How the Goats Came to Hessen Germany In olden, olden times, the land of Hessen was surrounded by great forests which were inhabited by many wolves. Many a family of goats attempted to enter the land, but were torn apart by the bloodthirsty beasts. One day a weak little kid goat was making his way toward Hessen. He had hardly entered the forest before a wolf confronted him and wanted to tear him to pieces. Filled with fear, the little kid said, "My mother is coming too." The wolf thought, "Don't spoil your appetite. The mother will be a better meal for my hungry stomach." And he let the little animal pass in peace. Sure enough, soon afterward the mother goat appeared. The wolf was about to pounce on her, when she -- filled with fear -- said, "My husband is coming too." "Stop!" thought the wolf. "Her husband is larger and will be a better meal for you. Wait to eat until he comes." Finally the ram goat approached. The wolf's heart laughed inside his body when he saw the stately fellow. He was about to spring on him and grab him by the throat when two things caught his attention: the ram's spikes and his bag. "Tell me, ram," what are those big spikes on your head, and what is that bag for between your legs?" "Oh," replied the ram


"""General Sherman"" in California, USA, is the name of what?"

Biggest Tree on Earth HD - The General Sherman Tree.. Sequoia National Park - YouTube Biggest Tree on Earth HD - The General Sherman Tree.. Sequoia National Park Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Oct 29, 2009 The General Sherman Tree - Biggest Tree on Earth.. Sequoia National Park California 1080pHD.. The Biggest Tree in the World HD The General Sherman Tree - Biggest Tree on Earth.. Sequoia National Park California USA سيكويا الوطنية بارك أكبر شجرة على وجه الأرض .. Árbol más grande en la Tierra .. 地球上で最大の木 Größte Baum auf der Erde .. Большое дерево на Земле .. A legnagyobb fa a Földön .. Die grootste boom op aarde .. Pema më e madhe në Tokë .. Най-голямото дърво на Земята .. 地球上最大的树 .. 地球上最大的樹 .. Najveći stablo na Zemlji .. Největší strom na Zemi .. Største Tree på Jorden .. Grootste boom ter wereld .. Suurim Tree Maal .. Pinakamalaki Tree sa Earth .. Suurin Tree maapallolla .. Le plus gros arbre sur la terre .. Maior Árbore na Terra .. ყველაზე დიდი ხე დედამიწაზე .. Το μεγαλύτερο δέντρο στη Γη .. પૃથ્વી પર સૌથી મોટું વૃક્ષ .. Pi gwo pye bwa sou Latè .. העץ הגדול ביותר בעולם .. पृथ्वी पर सबसे बड़ा पेड़ .. Stærsta Tré á jörðinni .. Pohon Terbesar di Bumi .. Crann is mó ar domhan .. ಭೂಮಿಯ ಮೇಲೆ ದೊಡ್ಡ ಮರ .. 지구에서 가장 큰 나무 .. Maxima ligno in terra .. Lielākais koks uz Zemes .. Најголемата дрвото на Земјата .. Pokok terbesar di Bumi .. Siġra Ikbar fid-Dinja .. Største Tre på Jorden .. بزرگترین درخت بر روی زمین .. Maior Árvore na Terra .. Cea mai mare copac de pe Pamant .. Највеци Дрво на Земљи .. Najväčší strom na Zemi .. Največje drevo na Zemlji .. Kubwa ya miti duniani .. Största Tree på jorden .. பூமியில் மிக பெரிய மரம் .. భూమి మీద పెద్ద ట్రీ .. ต้นไม้ที่ใหญ่ที่สุดในโลก .. Dünya üzerindeki en büyük Ağacı .. Велике дерево на Землі .. زمین پر سب سے بڑا درخت .. Cây lớn nhất trên Trái đất .. Coed mwyaf ar y Ddaear .. ביגגעסט טרי אויף ערד .. Największe drzewo na Ziemi Category


Who is singer and actor Miley Cyrus's godmother?

Miley Cyrus - Biography - IMDb Miley Cyrus Biography Showing all 96 items Jump to: Overview  (4) | Mini Bio  (1) | Trade Mark  (3) | Trivia  (66) | Personal Quotes  (21) | Salary  (1) Overview (4) 5' 5" (1.65 m) Mini Bio (1) Miley Cyrus was born in Franklin, Tennessee, the daughter of country singer Billy Ray Cyrus and his wife, Letitia Jean "Tish" (Finley). She has 5 siblings - two half-brothers, a half-sister and a younger brother and sister. Her birth name is Destiny Hope, given to her by her parents who hoped she would achieve greatness. Her childhood nickname was Smiley, as she had a cheerful disposition which was eventually shortened to Miley. Her paternal grandfather was Democratic politician Ron Cyrus. Cyrus was initially educated at Heritage Elementary School in Tennessee. When she turned eight, her family moved to Toronto, Canada where Cyrus' father Billy Ray took a role in the TV series Doc (2001). It was around this time that Cyrus decided she wanted to act too. Her first role came alongside her father in Doc (2001). She also scored a small role in Tim Burton 's Big Fish (2003). In 2005, Cyrus was cast as the lead in the Disney series Hannah Montana (2006), about a teen leading a double life as a pop star. Again her father acted alongside her. The show was a smash and hit records, sell-out tours and merchandising deals soon followed. Cyrus became a teen superstar. Following the success of Hannah Montana (2006), Cyrus made the move into other roles - including playing Ronnie Miller in The Last Song (2010) and Lola in LOL (2012) alongside Demi Moore . - IMDb Mini Biography By: Anonymous Trade Mark (3) Affinity for sticking tongue out Twerking Daughter of Tish Cyrus and country singer Billy Ray Cyrus . Siblings: Christopher Cody (older paternal half-brother), Trace Cyrus (older maternal half-brother), Brandi Cyrus (older maternal half-sister), Braison Cyrus (younger brother), and Noah Lindsey Cyrus (younger sister). Brandon Cyrus is a related family member on her father's side. Her favorite novel is "Don't Die, My Love" by Lurlene McDaniel. Her favorite song by her father, Billy Ray Cyrus , is "Achy Breaky Heart". Has written over one hundred songs and some of them have been used for her show, Hannah Montana (2006). Likes to eat Chinese food. Has a Maltipoo dog named Sophie that her parents gave to her for her 16th birthday. Miley was on the green team for 2 summers in a row in the Disney Channel Games. She has never taken formal singing lessons [as of June 2007]. Started auditioning for Hannah Montana (2006) when she was 11 years old. She originally tried out for the part of "Lilly Truscott". Was ranked #17 on Forbes List of The 20 Top-Earning Young Superstars (2007). Was ranked #12 on interview magazine's Hollywood faces to watch "Future Stars of Tomorrow" (2007). In January 2008, she legally changed her name from Destiny Hope Cyrus to Miley Ray Cyrus. "Ray" is for her grandfather, Ronald Ray Cyrus, whom she was very close to and "Miley" came from her childhood nickname "Smiley", which was shortened to "Miley", that was given to her because of her constant smiling as a young child. Released a 3D concert movie of her Best of Both Worlds Tour on February 1st, 2008. It became the highest grossing Super Bowl weekend release ever. Was ranked #22 on Entertainment Weekly's '30 Under 30' the actress list (2008). Was ranked #1 on TV Guide's Top 10 Teen Star Countdown (2008). Befriended her backup dancer, Mandy Jiroux , while on tour. The two have a Youtube channel called MileyMandy, that they regularly update with new videos. Their show is called "The Miley and Mandy Show". Miley's half-brother, Trace Cyrus , and her Hannah Montana (2006) co-star Mitchel Musso 's brother, Mason Musso, are in the band "Metro Station". Likes the bands Coldplay , Radiohead , and The Killers . Lived in Toronto, Canada where she attended the Armstrong Acting Studio. Was ranked #22 on Moviefone's 'The 25 Hottest Actors Under 25' (2008). On 25 September 2006, the Disney Channel was finally launched in South Africa. The first episode of Hannah


"English poet John Keats composed five odes in 1819: The ""Ode on Indolence"", ""Ode on Melancholy"", ""Ode to a Nightingale"", ""Ode to Psyche"" and which other?"

A Litrature Site: Assignment On “Ode on Indolence” written by John Keats This blog has been created for those who are the student of English literature and who have acute eagerness towards English literature. Friday, June 8, 2012 Assignment On “Ode on Indolence” written by John Keats This assignment has been published for those who are really interested about Keats’ poem. I made this assignment for the course which I finished the 5th semester named romantic literature II.The assignment has been given below. The Ode on Indolence is one of five odes which are composed by English poet John Keats in the spring of 1819.The other are “Ode on a Grecian Urn”,”Ode on Melancholy”,”Ode to a Nightingale” and “Ode to Psyche”. Here is an attempt to give an interpretation about “the ode on Indolence” In two ways which has been given below. First Interpretation Bad health and misfortune harassed John keats’ life from his birth in 1795.Afterwards his parents died his early life and beside his health became worst that assured him an early death. He continued to write poetry throughout his short-lived life to illustrate his inner most anguish that came as a result of unrequited love and his coming death. In Ode on indolence, the speaker confronts three figures on marble urn which attempt to lure him away from his sprit less life which is full of indolence and the speaker identifies those three figures as love, ambition, and poesy. Later the speaker, abandoning his praise for peaceful indolence, becomes greatly interested by these three figures and before his willingness to follow the three figures, he changes his mind and then rejects these very desires. In the ode, the speaker says, “Vanish, ye phantoms! From my idle spright, Into the clouds, and never more return!” In this ode, Keats utilizes the speaker’s dilemma to convey his agonizing frustration that made reach him the inevitability of death and he is no longer interested to earthly life. Keats’ vivid word choice throughout the poem follows the narrators conflicting desires towards Love, Ambition, and Poesy. These conflicting desires ultimately come to represent keats’ own aspiration to avoid everything because they make the inevitable dying process far more difficult. Second Stanza How is it, shadows, that I knew ye not? How came ye muffled in so hush a masque? “Was it a silent deep-disguised plot To steal away, and leave without a task My idle days? Ripe was the drowsy hour; Pain had no sting, and pleasure’s wreath no flower. O, why did ye not melt, and leave my sense Unhaunted quite of all but- nothingness?” In the second stanza the narrator states “the blissful cloud of summer-indolence benumb’d my eyes; my pulse grew less and less; Pain had no sting, and pleasure’s wreath no flower.” In this line keats’ depicts his own experience in his final years. In this “blissful cloud of indolence” he conveys that the pain and frustration that comes with life can be avoided simply by evading the aspects of life. A life of indolence doesn’t allow for a life of ache because nothing is present to cause pain. In the fourth stanza, the speaker states: “They faded, and, the forsooth! I wanted wings: O folly! What is Love? Where is it? And for that poor Ambition-it springs From a man’s little heart’s short fever-fit; For poesy!-no, -she has not a joy, - At least for me, - so sweet as drowsy noons. And evening steep’d in honied indolence; O, for an age so shelter’d from annoy, That I may never know how change the moons, Or hear the voice of busy common-sence!” The speaker denounces his earlier desire to follow the love, Ambition, and poesy because he reasons that love is momentary and short-lived, ambition ultimately leaves a man disappointed, and poesy has nothing to offer that compares with an indolent summer day. For example , in the ode the speaker says, For poesy! –no,-she has not a joy,- Atleast for me,-so sweet as drowsy noons. In the end, the speaker bids them adieu and decides to spend his days in indolence. However, if the poem is read as the final poem in the 1819 ode series,” Ode on ind


The horse Red Rum finished second twice in the British Grand National, in 1975 and 1976; Rag Trade and which other were the horses that beat him?

Grand National Horses | Grand National Free Bets Grand National Betting Tips Famous UK Grand National Horses The Grand National has produced a wonderful array of stories throughout its illustrious history including some pretty memorable jockeys, trainers and more importantly Grand National horses. Here ' Grand National Free Bets ' looks at possibly the most remarkable horses ever to grace the Aintree. Red Rum It was over 30 years ago now that Red Rum recorded the first of the three victories in the Grand National that earned him pride of place in the record books forever. He still remains the only horse to have won the Grand National three times and, as that statistic suggests, the great horse was a phenomenon. Bred to be a sprinter, Red Rum went on to win the gruelling four-and-a-half mile chase in 1973, 1974 and 1977, overcoming a potentially crippling foot disease in doing so. On March 31, 1973, he started 9/1 favourite for his first Grand National. However, by the time the runners had reached the Chair the giant Australian chaser, Crisp, who was shouldering top weight of 12st, had built up a massive lead and appeared unstoppable. But, conceding 23lb to Red Rum, he slowly began to falter at the famous Elbow after being more than 15 lengths in front of his rival at the last. Red Rum wore Crisp down, getting up on the line to beat him by three-quarters of a length in a then record time of 9 min 1.9 sec, knocking nearly 20 seconds off Golden Miller's previous best under 12st 2lb in 1934 - this new record would stand for the next 16 years. Red Rum won four more races before collecting his second Grand National, this time carrying the maximum weight of 12st. Giving 1lb to the Cheltenham Gold Cup winner, L'Escargot, Red Rum started third favourite at 11/1, racing off a mark nearly two stone higher than for his 1973 victory. He was the first to achieve the double since Reynoldstown in 1936. Only three weeks later, Red Rum won the Scottish Grand National as the 11/8 favourite under 11st 13lb. It was then presumed that, having reached a zenith, Red Rum's talent would gradually decline in keeping with the rolling years. Between the autumn of 1974 and the spring of 1976, he ran in 18 chases, winning twice and being placed seven times. But he also gallantly failed to resist first L'Escargot and then Rag Trade in the 1975 and 1976 Grand Nationals. Red Rum died on Wednesday, October 18, 1995 and was buried by the winning post on Aintree's Grand National course. His grave is marked by an engraved stone listing his Grand National record, and a life-size bronze commemorates this legendary horse, along with a race staged at Aintree's Festival Meeting, the Red Rum Chase, named in the great horse's memory. Aldaniti There was hardly a dry eye among the crowd when Aldaniti won the Grand National in 1981. It was a victory for both courage and determination in the face of adversity. In late 1979, Bob Champion, the successful jockey, was told that he had cancer and only months to live, while Aldaniti had almost been retired because of leg trouble. Against all the odds, the gallant partnership held on to beat Spartan Missile, ridden by John Thorne, a 54-year-old grandfather and amateur rider. The winner's true-life story inspired the 1983 film Champions, starring John Hurt. Aldaniti died at the age of 27 in March, 1997. Bob Champion made a full recovery and, with the help of Aldaniti, has raised millions of pounds for cancer research. Aldaniti's name was a jumble from the names of four grandchildren of his breeder, Tommy Barron: Alastair and David Cook plus Nicola and Timothy Barron. The Pitmans The Pitman family has a special association with the Grand National. In 1983, Jenny Pitman became the first woman to train a winner of the race when Corbiere beat Greasepaint. She followed up this victory in 1995 with Royal Athlete who succeeded at the long odds of 40/1, but experienced heartbreak when Esha Ness "won" the 1993 void race. Mark, her son, must have gone through similar emotions when he was caught by Seagram when riding Garrison Savannah i


Which sport is track designer Udo Gurgel most associated with?

Udo Gurgel | Nodar Kumaritashvili reddit More WHISTLER: The German mastermind of the Vancouver Olympics luge track, where Georgia's Nodar Kumaritashvili crashed and died on Friday, admits safety modifications are required. ''I am just so sorry for the lad,'' Udo Gurgel told the online edition of German sports daily Sport Bild. Photo gallery Luge death at Winter Olympics ''This is terrible and shocking news. We have developed six Olympic tracks and nobody ever came off the course.'' Gurgel said the horrific death of the 21-year-old - who shot off the track and slammed into a metal column at more than 145km/h - meant changes were required. Related Content ''At the exit area we could increase the height of the walls by some 40 to 50 centimetres,'' he said. Even before the crash some racers had suggested the course was too fast. Advertisement Earlier on Friday, organisers issued a press release headlined ''Fast sport on ice prepares for fastest track in the world''. Gurgel conceded the track was fast but said the area between curves 15 and 16, near the end of the course, ought to have posed little risk. There is a speed trap in that section but it is a little ahead of where Kumaritashvili came to grief. ''The speed going into the finish line is less than 120km/h so every sled really ought to be controllable,'' Gurgel said. ''He [Kumaritashvili] must have shot round the curve like a bullet.'' Gurgel said he could not think of a single case of a racer being catapulted from a sled in his 20 years of involvement in the sport. AFP AUSTRALIANS COMPETING AT THE COURSE BOBSLEIGH:


Periodical Cicada — Department of Entomology — Penn State University Periodical Cicada Magicicada septendecim (Linnaeus) Periodical cicadas are spectacular insects, often making sudden and dramatic appearances. Alexander and Moore wrote in 1962, "The periodical cicadas make up a truly amazing group of animals; since their discovery 300 years ago, the origin and significance of their extended life cycles have been a continual source of puzzlement to biologists. Their incredible ability to merge by the millions as noisy, flying, gregarious, photopositive adults within a matter of hours after having spent 13 or 17 years underground as silent, burrowing, solitary, sedentary juveniles is without parallel in the animal kingdom."   Periodical cicada adult   Photographer: Lacy L. Hyche   Auburn University The periodical cicada is a native North American species. It is the longest-lived insect in North America. No other insect in North America generates as much interest and curiosity as do periodical cicadas when they make their sudden, springtime emergence. They are widely distributed over the eastern half of the United States and occur nowhere else in the world. Periodical cicadas are commonly called or referred to as "17-year locusts." Early American colonists had never seen periodical cicadas. They were familiar with the biblical story of locust plagues in Egypt and Palestine, but were not sure what kind of insect was being described. When the cicadas appeared by the millions, some of these early colonists thought a "locust plague" had come upon them. Some American Indians thought their periodic appearance had an evil significance. The confusion between cicadas and locusts exists today in that cicadas are commonly called locusts. The term "locust" is correctly applied only to certain species of grasshoppers. There are six species of periodical cicadas, three with a 17-year cycle and three with a 13-year cycle. The three species in each life-cycle group are distinctive in size, color, and song. The 17-year cicadas are generally northern, and the 13-year cicadas southern with considerable overlap in their distribution. In fact, both life-cycle types may occur in the same forest. For convenience of reference, each "brood" has been designated by a Roman numeral. The numerals I through XVII are assigned to the 17-year broods, and XVIII through XXX to the 13-year broods. The numbering of the 17-year broods began with the 1893 brood which was designated as Brood I. In 1909, Brood XVII appeared, and in 1910, Brood I appeared again. There are at least 13 broods of 17-year cicadas and five broods of 13-year cicadas. In Pennsylvania separate populations referred to as broods are present during eight different years in different geographic ranges in the state (Table 1). All of the broods in Pennsylvania require 17 years to reach maturity. Several of these broods are very small. Brood X, known as the "great eastern brood," is a large brood with heavy concentrations found in the eastern half of the state from late May through June during the years they emerge. Description Adults are about one and one-half inches long and have eyes and wing veins that are reddish orange. They are smaller than their cousins, the dog-day cicadas. Dog-day cicadas, Tibicen spp., are mostly large, blackish insects usually with greenish wing veins and appear every year from mid-July through mid-September. Life History After 17 years of living in the soil from depths of two to twenty-four inches, mature nymphs of the periodical cicada start burrowing upward. In April they burrow to about an inch beneath the soil surface where they stop and await the proper time to emerge. If the ground is too damp, mature nymphs build a protective earthen turret. Their bodies undergo major changes in muscle structure at this time. When the undetermined signal for emergence occurs, nymphs exit from about a one-half inch diameter hole in the ground. Nymphs crawl a foot or more up tree trunks, weeds, or other upright objects where adults emerge leaving their nymphal skins behin


The shallow Java Sea is between the islands of Java and what?

8 Facts about the Java Sea 8 Facts about the Java Sea By MI News Network | In: Know More | Last Updated on July 23, 2016 The Java Sea, like any other major geographical structure has a long, rich history. Ever since its formation because of the ice flow, the Java Sea has evolved into a fascinating structure with lots of amazing attributes to it. Here are some of the Java Sea facts that are definitely worth knowing. 1. Location Java Sea is an extension of Indian Ocean , lying between the Indonesian Islands of Borneo, Java to south, Sumatra to West and Sulawesi to the east.   Credits: M.Minderhoud/wikipedia.org Due to its unique location, Java Sea happens to be the connecting link between these ports which are a treasure of cultural diversity. 2. Group of islands – Sunda The Java Sea is inhabited by a group of islands. This Java’s island chain known as Sunda, runs across the entire area of the Java Sea. Most of these islands belong to Indonesia, along with other countries. 3. Size – Shallow Waters Even though not much is known about Java Sea in terms of tourism, it is in fact a large sea, made of shallow waters. The average depth of water in this sea is 151 feet that runs across its entire sprawl. It covers a large area of about 320,000 square kilometers on the Sunda shelf. Even though this sea is not a very famous cruising option, the islands located in it are exquisite and rich with cultural history, a great choice for an enriching vacation. 4. Rich underwater life Though the main attraction about Java Sea is its thriving trading route, it is one of the lesser know Java Sea facts that the marine life of Java Sea is extremely rich and diverse. Credits: Tropenmuseum/wikipedia.org Karimunjawa, the Java Sea underwater garden is a rich pool of all the marine life diversity that can be flaunted by a single water body. 5. Battle of Java Sea One of the most enthralling Java Sea facts is its association with the battles of World War II. During World War II, a number of battles occurred in this region but in end February, 1942, the battle of Java Sea occurred between the allied forces and the Japanese convoys. In an attempt to intercept the Japanese convoys, the allied forces marched their armies through the Java Sea. However, they were not a match good enough for the Japanese. The battle ended with five warships of the Allied forces being destroyed and the battle of Java Sea went down the history as one of the costliest battles of entire World War II. 6. The Formation of the Sunda Shelf The Sunda shelf which is actually a group of islands suspended in the Java Sea, are believed to have been actually above the sea level at a time. Following studies conducted on these islands, the results have made it clear that these islands are actually eroded metamorphic remains of the regions that were above sea level once. However, today, Sunda Shelf marks one of the main features of the Java Sea. 7. Sea bed secrets Java Sea has a lot of secrets within it. The first would be all the flora and fauna species that call this shallow sea their home. Besides these, Java Sea is supposed to be the bed for treasures of past like none other. Wrecks of ships are reportedly still beneath the water here which make it a good choice for historians to probe secrets of past, along with making those wrecks great habitats for other species like the coral reefs and fish. Wreck of a ship called Indono that sank in 1955 is still in the Java Sea, near the waters of Karimunjawa. Java Sea has a rich history that goes back a long way. Over its entire life, this sea has seen a lot and holds a lot of amazing facts to its credit. With its rich biodiversity and a power for sustenance, this sea continues to be one of the most important waterways of the world. 8. Piracy Activities Java Sea has been in news for quite some time now because of the numerous piracy activities taking place there.  These activities have drastically increased in the past few years.


What country is the origin of the wine tokay?

Tokay | wine | Britannica.com Tokay champagne Tokay, also spelled Tokaji, famous, usually sweet white wine of Hungary , made from the Hungarian Furmint grape. The wine derives its name from the Tokaj district of northeastern Hungary. Though some Tokay is dry, the finest version, Tokaji Aszu, is made from late-ripened grapes affected by Botrytis cinerea, a mold that concentrates grape sugars and flavours into honeylike sweetness. The sweetness of Tokay is traditionally measured by the number of puttonyos, or baskets, of sweet grapes used. A three puttonyos wine is lightly sweet; five puttonyos denotes the highest degree of sweetness. The legendary Tokay Eszencia, a concentrated sweet essence of low alcohol famed for its miraculous restorative properties, is virtually unobtainable today. The name tokay is also applied generically to certain sweet wines of indifferent quality that bear no resemblance to Hungarian Tokay. Learn More in these related articles: in Hungary: Traditional regions ...areas, the Nógrád and Borsod basins. Agriculture is also important, especially viticulture; notable are the Tokaj (Tokay) and Eger vineyards. Indeed, the region that produces Tokay wines was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2002. Tourism in the Northern Mountains is well-developed, and numerous spas and recreation centres are located there. Miskolc is the main... in Lodi (California, United States) ...on the Central Pacific (later part of the Southern Pacific) Railroad. In 1873 it was renamed, presumably for a famous racehorse of the time. The city has long been known for its wines, notably Tokay, which is produced from a locally developed grape (the Flame Tokay). It is also a packing and processing centre for cereals, fruits, nuts, and vegetables from the surrounding agricultural area... in Tokaj town, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye (county), northeastern Hungary. Tokaj lies at the confluence of the Bodrog and Tisza rivers. It is known as the home of the golden yellow Tokay wine and has a famous labyrinthine (1 mi [1.5 km]) wine cellar. It is in the Tokaj-Hegyalja wine-producing district, where, on the slopes of Mount Tokaj and in the Hegyalja region to the north and... 3 References found in Britannica Articles Assorted References made in Tokaj  (in Tokaj ) External Links Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. MEDIA FOR: You have successfully emailed this. Error when sending the email. Try again later. Edit Mode Submit Tips For Editing We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered. Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. Submit Thank You for Your Contribution! Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. Uh Oh There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later. Close Date Published: July 20, 1998 URL: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Tokay Access Date: January 19, 2017 Share