Flash was created by FutureSplash ( a multimedia company ) in 1995 . Then it was called `` FutureSplash Animator '' ( this was in fact Flash 1.0 ) .

Adobe Flash ( formerly SmartSketch FutureSplash , FutureSplash Animator and Macromedia Flash ) is a multimedia platform used to add animation , video , and interactivity to web pages .


FutureSplash along with Flash were soon bought by Macromedia around 1997 , who in December 2005 was again bought by Adobe Systems . From Flash version 2 to 8 it was called `` Macromedia Flash '' , now it is called `` Adobe Flash '' .

In 2005 , Adobe Systems acquired Macromedia ; subsequently , in 2007 , Adobe Flash CS3 Professional , the next version of Macromedia Flash was released .


Adobe Flash and Adobe Flash Player are used to create and view animated content that can be placed on web pages . Adobe Flash is used commonly on the Internet by web browsers .

Flash content may be displayed on various computer systems and devices , using Adobe Flash Player , which is available free of charge for common web browsers , some mobile phones and a few other electronic devices ( using Flash Lite ) .


From Flash version 2 to 8 it was called `` Macromedia Flash '' , now it is called `` Adobe Flash '' .

Virtually all browser plugins for video are free of charge and cross-platform , including Adobe 's offering of Flash Video , which was first introduced with Flash version 6 . Flash Video has been a popular choice for websites due to the large installed user base and programmability of Flash .


Willem-Alexander , Prince of Orange is the Dutch crown prince and heir apparent of Queen Beatrix .

When his mother Queen Beatrix became the queen regnant of the Netherlands , prince Willem-Alexander obtained the title `` Prince of Orange '' as new heir to the Dutch throne .


Bolan Pass ( Urdu : Ø Ø Û Ø Ù Ù Ø Ù Dharaa Bolan ) is a mountain pass through the Toba Kakar Range of mountains in western Pakistan , 120 kilometres from the Afghanistan border .

The Bolan Pass is a mountain pass through the Toba Kakar Range of Balochistan province in western Pakistan , 120 kilometres from the Afghanistan border .


Saint-Nizier-le-D Ã sert is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France .


Peter Frampton ( born April 22 , 1950 ) is an English guitarist .

Peter Kenneth Frampton ( born 22 April 1950 ) is an English musician , singer , producer , and multi-instrumentalist .


He is best known for the album Frampton Comes Alive .


Before his family moved to southern California , they lived in Billings , Montana , where he graduated from Rocky Mountain College in 2000 .

Before moving to southern California , Earles lived in Billings , Montana , where he graduated from Rocky Mountain College in 2000 .


After his family had lived in both Ohio and Washington , they moved to Oregon .

After living in Ohio and Washington state , his family moved to Oregon .


Jason Earles was born in San Diego , California .


He has given several pieces of Hannah Montana cast memorabilia to the college 's fund raisers .

He has contributed cast memorabilia to the college 's fund raisers .


Jason Earles ( born April 26 , 1987 ) , is an American actor who is best known for playing the role of Jackson Stewart in Hannah Montana .

Jason Daniel Earles ( born April 26 , 1977 ) is an American actor , known for his role as Jackson Stewart on the television series Hannah Montana and his upcoming role as Sensei Rudy in upcoming new Disney XD series Kickin ' It .


Final Fantasy VIII is a fantasy role-playing video game .

Final Fantasy VIII is a role-playing video game released for the PlayStation in 1999 and for Windows-based personal computers in 2000 .


Tamamo-no-Mae was not only beautiful , but she was very wise in all subjects .

Tamamo-no-Mae was not only beautiful , but she was infinitely knowledgeable in all subjects .


After escaping from the hunters for some time , the fox appeared to Miura-no-suke in a dream .

After eluding the hunters for some time , the fox appeared to Miura-no-suke in a dream .


In the Otogizoshi , a collection of Japanese prose written in the Muromachi period , Tamamo-no-Mae was a courtesan under the Japanese Emperor Konoe .

In the OtogizÅ shi , a collection of Japanese prose written in the Muromachi period , Tamamo-no-Mae was a courtesan under the Japanese Emperor Konoe ( who reigned from 1142 through 1155 ) .


After some time had passed , the Emperor suddenly and mysteriously fell ill. .

After some time had passed , with Konoe all the while lavishing all his affection on the beautiful Tamamo-no-Mae , the Emperor suddenly and mysteriously fell ill. .


Tamamo-no-Mae 's body mysteriously always smelled wonderful , and her clothes never became dirty .

Tamamo-no-Mae 's body mysteriously always smelled wonderful , and her clothes never became wrinkled or dirty .


Tamamo-no-Mae ( ç è -- '' å ) is a legendary figure in Japanese mythology and folklore .

Tamamo-no-Mae ( ç è -- '' å , ç è -- '' ã å , also ç è -- '' å 3\/4 å ) is a legendary figure in Japanese mythology .


Tamamo-no-Mae 's legend served as base for the noh drama Sesshoseki ( `` The Killing Stone '' ) and the kabuki play Tamamonomae ( or The Beautiful Fox Witch ) .

Tamamo-no-Mae 's legend forms the basis of both the noh drama Sessho-seki ( `` The Killing Stone '' ) and the kabuki play Tamamo-no-Mae ( or The Beautiful Fox Witch ) .


The astrologer explained that the beautiful young woman was in fact an evil fox with nine tails ( kitsune ) , who was making the Emperor ill in a evil plan to take the throne .

The astrologer explained that the beautiful young woman was in fact a kind nine-tailed fox ( kitsune ) working for an evil daimyo , who was making the Emperor ill in a devious plot to take the throne .


Once again in the form of the beautiful Tamamo-no-Mae , the fox told Miura-nosuke would kill it the next day , and begged for its life .

Once again in the form of the beautiful Tamamo-no-Mae , the fox prophesied that Miura-no-suke would kill it the next day , and begged for its life .


Finally , an astrologer told the Emperor that Tamamo-no-Mae was the cause of his illness .

Finally , an astrologer , Abe no Yasuchika , told the Emperor that Tamamo-no-Mae was the cause of his illness .


The body of the fox became the Sessho-seki , or Killing Stone , which kills anyone that comes in contact with it .

The body of the fox became the Sessho-seki , ( æ ç '' ç ) or Killing Stone , which kills anyone that comes in contact with it .


Genno did a certain spiritual ritual , and begged the spirit to consider her spiritual salvation , until finally Hoji surrendered and swore to never haunt the stone again .

Genno performed certain spiritual rituals , and begged the spirit to consider her spiritual salvation , until finally Hoji relented and swore to never haunt the stone again .


She answered every question posed to her , whether about music , religion , or astronomy .

She answered every question posed to her , whether about music , religion or astronomy .


In Matsuo BashÅ 's famous book , The Narrow Road to the Deep North ( Oku no Hosomichi ) , BashÅ tells of visiting the stone in the Japanese prefecture of Nasu .

In Matsuo BashÅ 's famous book The Narrow Road to the Deep North , BashÅ tells of visiting the stone in the Japanese prefecture of Nasu .


Jazz fusion began in the late 1960s in the United States .

Jazz fusion is a musical fusion genre that developed in the late 1960s from a mixture of elements of jazz such as its focus on improvisation with the rhythms and grooves of funk and R&B and the beats and heavily amplified electric instruments and electronic effects of rock . While the term `` jazz rock '' is often used as a synonym for `` jazz fusion '' , it also refers to the music performed by late 1960s and 1970s-era rock bands when they added jazz elements to their music such as free-form improvisation .


Jazz fusion ( or `` jazz-rock fusion '' or fusion ) is a style of music . Jazz fusion music mixes jazz music styles with rock music styles .

Jazz fusion to me is the hardest music to play .


In the early 1980s , a new style of jazz fusion called `` pop fusion '' began being played .

Although the meaning of `` fusion '' became confused with the advent of `` smooth jazz '' , a number of groups helped to revive the jazz fusion genre beginning in the mid-to-late 1980s .


Jazz fusion ( or `` jazz-rock fusion '' or fusion ) is a style of music .

This section lists a few of the jazz fusion artists and albums that are considered to be influential by prominent jazz fusion critics , reviewers , journalists , or music historians . For a longer list , see the List of notable jazz fusion recordings article .


Pop fusion musicians include Lee Ritenour , Al Jarreau , Kenny G , Bob James and David Sanborn .

Artists like Lee Ritenour , Al Jarreau , Kenny G , Bob James and David Sanborn among others were leading purveyors of this pop-oriented mixture ( also known as `` west coast '' or `` AOR fusion '' ) .


This new style of pop fusion was softer and slower than fusion from the early 1970s . Pop fusion was played a lot more on the radio than the fusion from the early 1970s .

Many of the most well-known fusion artists were members of earlier jazz fusion groups , and some of the fusion `` giants '' of the 1970s kept working in the genre .


Arturo Lupoli ( born 24 June 1987 ) is an Italian football player . He plays for Ascoli .

Arturo Lupoli ( born 24 June 1987 ) is an Italian footballer who plays as a forward , currently for Ascoli .


LNER Class Y11 was a class of petrol powered 0-4-0 locomotives built by Motor Rail & Tram Car Company Limited under their Simplex brand and introduced in the years 1919-1925 for the London and North Eastern Railway ( LNER ) .

LNER Class Y11 was a class of petrol powered 0-4-0 locomotives built by Motor Rail & Tram Car Company Limited under their Simplex brand and introduced in the years 1919 â `` 1925 for the London and North Eastern Railway ( LNER ) .


`` Dig a Pony '' is a song by The Beatles .

`` Dig a Pony '' is a song by The Beatles , originally released on their 1970 album Let It Be .


Olaf KÃ lzig ( born April 6 , 1970 ) is a Retired German professional ice hockey goaltender , that played for the Washington Capitals of the National Hockey League .

Olaf KÃ lzig ( born April 6 , 1970 ) is a retired German professional ice hockey goaltender who played 14 seasons in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) for the Washington Capitals and the Tampa Bay Lightning .


KÃ lzig was born in South Africa , but he grew up in several cities across Canada and his family moved to Union Bay , British Columbia , Canada , when he was a teenager .

Though KÃ lzig was born in South Africa , he grew up in several cities across Canada and his family moved to Union Bay , British Columbia when he was a teenager .


Bornholm 's geography as an island and moderate climate makes Bornholm an ideal location for sailing and other water based sports .


A sender will encrypt data with the public key ; only the holder of the private key can decrypt this data .

A sender encrypts data with the public key ; only the holder of the private key can decrypt this data .


Some types the PRNGs algorithms utilize system entropy to generate a seed data , such seeds produce better results , since this makes the initial conditions of the PRNG much more difficult for an attacker to guess .

PRNGs that use system entropy to seed data generally produce better results , since this makes the initial conditions of the PRNG much more difficult for an attacker to guess .


Therefore , it is important to use a sufficiently long key length ; longer keys take exponentially longer time to attack , making a brute force attack invisible and impractical .

Therefore , it is important to use a sufficiently long key length ; longer keys take exponentially longer to attack , rendering a brute force attack impractical .


The key is used to encrypt and decrypt data whatever the data is being encrypted or decrypted .

A key is used to encrypt and decrypt whatever data is being encrypted\/decrypted .


Modern cryptographic systems include symmetric-key algorithms ( such as DES and AES ) and public-key algorithms ( such as RSA ) . Symmetric-key algorithms use a single shared key ; keeping data secret requires keeping this key secret .

Since public-key algorithms tend to be much slower than symmetric-key algorithms , modern systems such as TLS and SSH use a combination of the two : one party receives the other 's public key , and encrypts a small piece of data ( either a symmetric key or some data used to generate it ) .


In some cases keys are randomly generated using a random number generator ( RNG ) or pseudorandom number generator ( PRNG ) , the latter being a computer algorithm that produces data which appears random under analysis .

In some cases keys are randomly generated using a random number generator ( RNG ) or pseudorandom number generator ( PRNG ) . A PRNG is a computer algorithm that produces data that appears random under analysis .


In computer cryptography keys are integers .

Computer cryptography uses integers for keys .


Joaquin Costa ( September 14 , 1846 - February 8 , 1911 ) was a Spanish politician , lawyer , economist and historian .

Joaquin Costa ( September 14 , 1846 , MonzÃ n , Huesca Province - February 8 , 1911 ) was a Spanish politician , lawyer , economist and historian .


Guyencourt is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .

Guyencourt is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France .


Mondrainville is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

Mondrainville is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie rÃ gion in northwestern France .


In computer science , a lookup table is a data structure , usually an array or associative array , used to replace a runtime computation ( calculation ) with a simple array indexing operation .

In computer science , a lookup table is a data structure , usually an array or associative array , often used to replace a runtime computation with a simpler array indexing operation .


Lookup tables are also used to validate input values by matching against a list of valid ( or invalid ) items in an array .

Lookup tables are also used extensively to validate input values by matching against a list of valid ( or invalid ) items in an array and , in some programming languages , may include pointer functions ( or offsets to labels ) to process the matching input .


The main purpose is savings runtime since retrieving a value from memory is often faster than undergoing a time consuming computation ( see Space-time tradeoff ) .

The savings in terms of processing time can be significant , since retrieving a value from memory is often faster than undergoing an ` expensive ' computation or input\/output operation .


Screwdriver is also a cocktail . Screwdriver ( alcoholic drink )

Some screwdriver tips are magnetic , so that the screw remains attached to the screwdriver without requiring external force .


A zoological garden , zoological park , or zoo is a place where many different species ( types ) of animals are kept so people can see and watch them .

A zoological garden , zoological park , menagerie , or zoo is a facility in which animals are confined within enclosures , displayed to the public , and in which they may also be bred .


Coltrane played the bebop and hard bop styles of jazz early in his career , and helped start the use of modes in jazz and later was a very important part of free jazz .

Working in the bebop and hard bop idioms early in his career , Coltrane helped pioneer the use of modes in jazz and later was at the forefront of free jazz .


He made about fifty recordings as a bandleader , and appeared on many other albums , for example with trumpeter Miles Davis and pianist Thelonious Monk .

He was prolific , organizing at least fifty recording sessions as a leader during his recording career , and appeared as a sideman on many other albums , notably with trumpeter Miles Davis and pianist Thelonious Monk .


As his career progressed , Coltrane 's music became more spiritual .

As his career progressed , Coltrane and his music took on an increasingly spiritual dimension .


John William `` Trane '' Coltrane ( September 23 , 1926 â `` July 17 , 1967 ) was an American jazz saxophonist and composer .

John William Coltrane ( sometimes abbreviated `` Trane '' ; September 23 , 1926 â `` July 17 , 1967 ) was an American jazz saxophonist and composer .


Due to poor attendance , the Golden Seals ' owners moved to the team to Cleveland , where they became known as the Barons .

However , the Seals were never successful at the gate , and eventually moved to Cleveland to become the Cleveland Barons in 1976 .


The Golden Seals entered the league at the start of the 1966-67 NHL season as the Oakland Seals . In the 1970-71 season , the team was renamed to the California Golden Seals .

Initially named California Seals , the team was renamed Oakland Seals part-way through the 1967 â `` 68 season , and then to California Golden Seals in 1970 .


Central European Time is a time zone . It is one hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time ( what used to be called Greenwich Mean Time ) .

Central European Time is thus always one hour ahead of British time .


The National Women 's Hockey League ( NWHL ) was an ice hockey league in Canada that was formed in 1999 and ended in 2007 .

The National Women 's Hockey League ( NWHL ) was a women 's ice hockey league . This League was in service between 1999 and 2007 .


The evening is the period in which the daylight is decreasing , between the late afternoon and night .

Evening is the period between the late afternoon and night when daylight is decreasing , around dinner time .


Edo is the former name of the Japanese capital Tokyo , and was the seat of power for the Tokugawa shogunate which ruled Japan from 1603 to 1868 .

Edo , literally : bay-entrance , `` estuary '' , pronounced , also romanized as Yedo or Yeddo , is the former name of the Japanese capital Tokyo , and was the seat of power for the Tokugawa shogunate which ruled Japan from 1603 to 1868 .


Edo consequently rapidly grew from what had been a small , virtually unknown fishing village in 1457 to a big city of 1,000,000 residents by 1721 , the largest city in the world at the time .

Edo consequently rapidly grew from what had been a small , virtually unknown fishing village in 1457 to a metropolis with an estimated population of 1,000,000 by 1721 , the largest city in the world at the time .


From that point Kyoto remained merely the formal capital of the country , while the de facto capital was now Edo , the center of real political power .

From the establishment of the Tokugawa bakufus headquarters at Edo , Kyoto remained merely the formal capital of the country . The de facto capital was now Edo , because it was the center of real political power .


During this period it grew to become one of the largest cities in the world .

During this period it grew to become one of the largest cities in the world and the site of a vibrant urban culture centered on notions of the `` floating world '' .


This is a list of famous mathematicians .

This is an alphabetical list of mathematicians .


The Zillertal is the biggest valley branching off the Inntal in Tyrol , Austria drained by the river Ziller .

The Zillertal is the biggest valley branching off the Inn valley in Tyrol , Austria drained by the river Ziller .


The new album NÃ n slags verklighet ( Some kind of reality ) contains songs written in Swedish by the singer himself .

The second album NÃ n slags verklighet ( Some kind of reality ) contains songs written in Swedish by the singer himself .


Jorge Dely ValdÃ s ( born 12 March , 1967 ) is a former Panamanian football player . He has played for Panama national team .

Jorge Luis Dely Valdes ( born March 12 , 1967 in Colon , Panama ) is a Panamanian football player .


It is in the northwest of the country . It has borders with Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan , and the provinces of Ardabil , West Azarbaijan , and Zanjan .

It is in the northwest of the country , bordering Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan , and the provinces of Ardabil , West Azerbaijan , and Zanjan .


East Azarbaijan or East Azerbaijan ( Persian : Ø cents Ø Ø Ø Ø Û Ø Ø Ù Ø Ø Ù Û , Ä zarbÄ ijÄ n-e Sharqi ; Azeri : Å É rqi AzÉ rbaycan ) is one of the 30 provinces of Iran .

East Azerbaijan or East Azarbaijan ( ; Azeri : Ø Ø Ù Û Ø cents Ø Ø Ø Ø Û Ø Ø Ù \/ Å É rqi AzÉ rbaycan ) is one of the 30 provinces of Iran .


Fox News Channel is an American cable television news network .

Time Warner selected MSNBC as the secondary news channel , instead of Fox News . Fox News claimed that this violated an agreement to carry Fox News .


Fox News Channel is an American cable television news network . It is owned by Fox Broadcasting Company .

Fox News Channel ( FNC ) , commonly referred to as Fox News or Fox , is a cable and satellite television news channel owned by the Fox Entertainment Group , a subsidiary of News Corporation .


Urbain Le Verrier ( March 11 , 1811 â `` September 23 , 1877 ) was a French mathematician who was famous for co-discovering the planet , Neptune .

Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier ( 11 March 1811 â `` 23 September 1877 ) was a French mathematician who specialized in celestial mechanics and is best known for his part in the discovery of Neptune .


In 2004 and 2005 KANOTIX was a popular distribution ranking in the `` top 20 '' of `` distrowatch.com '' . .

In 2004 and 2005 KANOTIX was a popular distribution ranking in the top 20 of distrowatch.com .


Kanotix , also referred to as KANOTIX , is a Linux distribution Live CD ( LiveDistro ) based on Debian ( until 2006 unstable , in 2007 KANOTIX moved to Debian Etch ) with advanced hardware detection .

Kanotix , also referred to as KANOTIX , is an operating system Live CD based on Debian , with advanced hardware detection .


In October 2006 the main Kanotix co-developer ( and most of Kanotix 's other developers ) left the project , to start sidux , another distribution based on Debian sid .

The co-developer and other of the Kanotix-Team wanted to stay with Debian-Sid and left the project , to start sidux , a new distribution based on Debian sid .


GNOME and other window managers can be downloaded using APT .

Other window managers can be downloaded using APT .


Kanotix uses KDE as the default desktop environment .

Kanotix used K Desktop Environment 3 as the default desktop environment , the current release uses KDE4 .


Kanotix can be installed to the hard disk using the ( graphical ) acritoxinstaller , which , depending on optical drive , hard disk and processor speed , can take around 10 - 20 minutes .

Kanotix can be installed to the hard disk using the ( graphical ) acritoxinstaller , which , depending on optical drive , hard disk and processor speed , can take around 10 â `` 20 minutes .


It can run from an optical disc drive without using a hard disk .

It can run from an optical disc drive or other media i.e. USB-stick without using a hard disk drive .


In 2003 JÃ rg Schirottke was known with the nickname `` Kano '' in the former Knoppix-Forum ( no more available ) .

In 2003 JÃ rg Schirottke was known with the nickname `` Kano '' in the former Knoppix-Forum ( no longer available ) .


The distribution derived from Scriptpage for Knoppix '' .

The distribution derived from `` Kano 's Scriptpage for Knoppix '' .


Altogether , there are about 90 islets and reefs . The islands and rocks have a volcanic nature .

Altogether , there are about 90 islets and reefs , volcanic rocks formed in the Cenozoic era , more specifically 4.6 to 2.0 million years ago .


The western islet is located at and the eastern islet is located at .

The West Islet is located at and the East Islet is located at .


The western islet is made of a single peak . It has many caves along the coastline .

The West Islet consists of a single peak and features many caves along the coastline .


Sometimes , ships are unable to dock because of strong northwestern winds in winter .

At times , ships are unable to dock because of strong northwestern winds in winter .


The cliffs of the eastern islet are about 10 to 20 meters high .

The cliffs of the East Islet are about 10 to 20 metres high .


There are two caves giving access to the sea , as well as a crater .

There are two large caves giving access to the sea , as well as a crater .


Liancourt Rocks is located at about 131 Â 52 â East longitude and about 37 Â 14 â North latitude .

Liancourt Rocks are located at about 131 Â 52 Â East longitude and about 37 Â 14 Â North latitude .


There is a lot of rain throughout the year ( annual average - 1324 mm ) , with occasional snowfall .

Precipitation is high throughout the year ( annual averageâ '' 1324 mm ) , with occasional snowfall .


The climate is warm and humid . It is heavily influenced by warm sea currents .

Overall , the climate is warm and humid , and heavily influenced by warm sea currents .


In the past , several fishermen also lived there .

In the past , several fishermen also lived on the islets temporarily .


There are approximately 37 South Korean police that guard the islets , also there are Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries personnel , a married Korean couple ( The first residents : Jong-Dok Choi ) ( who are fishermen ) , and three lighthouse keepers living on the islets .

There are also three Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries personnel , and three lighthouse keepers living on the islets in rotation .


Liancourt Rocks can have harsh weather conditions . This is because of its location , and small size .

Due to their location and extremely small size , the Liancourt Rocks sometimes have harsh weather .


Larkana or Larkano ( Ù Ø Ú ` Ú Ø Ù Û ) is city of Sindh Province , Pakistan . The city is the capital of Larkana District .

Larkana or Larkano ( Urdu : , ) is the fourth largest city in the north-western part of Sindh Province , Pakistan , and is located within Larkana District .


During British rule Larkana became headquarters of Larkana District and Larkana Taluka â `` and for a time was part of the Bombay Presidency of British India .

During British rule Larkana became the headquarters of Larkana District and Larkana Taluka , and for a time was part of the Bombay Presidency of British India .


During British rule Larkana became headquarters of Larkana District and Larkana Taluka â `` and for a time was part of the Bombay Presidency of British India . Also the North-Western Railway passed through the town .

Larkana Railway Station is located in the center of Larkana City .


It is located on the south bank of the Ghar canal , 40 miles south of Shikarpur town , and 36 north-east of Mehar .

It is located on the south bank of the Ghar canal , 40 miles south of Shikarpur town , and 36 miles north-east of Mehar .


Sindhi is the main language but Siraikis , a dialect of Sindhi which is similar to the Sindhi language , is also spoken .

Sindhi is the most widely used language but Thari is also spoken amongst the original inhabitants of Larkana , which shares similarities with the Sindhi language .


Sindhi and English are the official languages .

Sindhi and English are the official languages and Urdu is widely understood .


Also the North-Western Railway passed through the town . The population according to the 1901 census was 14,543 .

The city lay on the route of the North-Western Railway , and the population according to the 1901 census of India was 14,543 .


The site allows people to post text , images , videos , links , quotes and audio to their tumblelog , a short-form blog .

, is a microblogging platform that allows users to post text , images , videos , links , quotes and audio to their tumblelog , a short-form blog .


His reign marked a high point for France during the Hundred Years ' War . His armies recovered large parts of the territory that had been given to England at the Treaty of BrÃ tigny .

His reign marked a high point for France during the Hundred Years ' War , with his armies recovering much of the territory ceded to England at the Treaty of BrÃ tigny .


Charles V ( 21 January 1338 â `` 16 September 1380 ) , called the Wise , was King of France from 1364 to his death and a member of the House of Valois .

Charles V ( 21 January 1338 â `` 16 September 1380 ) , called the Wise , was King of France from 1364 to his death in 1380 and a member of the House of Valois .


The National Football Conference ( NFC ) is one of the two conferences of the National Football League ( NFL ) , the other being the American Football Conference .

The National Football Conference ( NFC ) is one of the two ( NFC and AFC ) conferences of the National Football League ( NFL ) .


While all of the former AFL teams along with the NFL 's Cleveland Browns , Pittsburgh Steelers , and Baltimore Colts made up the American Football Conference ( AFC ) , the other 13 NFL teams formed the NFC .

While all of the former AFL teams along with the NFL 's Cleveland Browns , Pittsburgh Steelers , and Baltimore Colts formed the American Football Conference ( AFC ) , the remaining 13 NFL teams formed the NFC .


At the end of each season , a series of playoff games are played among the top six teams in the NFC . These are the four division champions ( by place standing ) and the two other teams ( `` wild cards '' ) with the best win-loss records .

At the end of each season , a series of playoff games are contested among the top six teams in the NFC , consisting of the four division champions ( by place standing ) and the two other teams ( `` wild cards '' ) with the best win-loss records .


Two of these games are assigned on the basis of the teams ' final record from the year before .

Two of these games are assigned on the basis of the teams ' final record in the previous season .


The other 8 games are split between the roster of two other NFL divisions .

The remaining 8 games are split between the roster of two other NFL divisions .


However , team owners could not agree to a plan on how to put the teams into divisions in the NFC .

However , team owners could not agree to a plan on how to align the clubs in the NFC .


Since the merger , three expansion teams have joined the NFC . This makes the current total number of teams 16 .

Three expansion teams have joined the NFC since the merger , thus making the current total 16 .


The NFC was made after the NFL merged with the American Football League ( AFL ) in 1970 .

The NFC was created after the NFL merged with the American Football League ( AFL ) in 1970 .


In this way division competition is the same opponents except for the 2 games given based on the strength of the each team 's season record from the year before .

In this way division competition consists of common opponents , with the exception of the 2 games assigned on the strength of the each team 's prior season record .


For example , in the 2007 regular season , each team in the NFC West played one game against each team in both the AFC North and the NFC South .

For instance , in the 2007 regular season , each team in the NFC West will play a game apiece against each team in both the AFC North and the NFC South .


Each team also plays 10 other games given to their schedule by the NFL in the April before .

Each NFC team plays the other teams in their division twice ( home and away ) during the regular season , in addition to 10 other games assigned to their schedule by the NFL in the April before .


The proposals were narrowed down to five finalists . Then the plan that was selected was picked out of a glass bowl by then-NFL commissioner Pete Rozelle 's secretary .

The alignment proposals were narrowed down to five finalists , and then the plan that was eventually selected was picked out of a glass bowl by then-NFL commissioner Pete Rozelle 's secretary , on January 16 , 1970 .


It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rh Ã ne department in the south of France .

Peypin is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rh Ã ne department in the Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur region of France .


Consumer groups have also said that Scholastic is selling too many toys and video games to children .

Consumer groups have also attacked Scholastic for selling too many toys and video games to children , rather than focusing on just books .


It also has the all the publishing rights to the Harry Potter book series in the United States .

It also has the exclusive United States ' publishing rights to the Harry Potter book series .


A large number of titles have strong media tie-ins and are considered short in literary and artistic merit by some people .

A significant number of titles carried have strong media tie-ins and are considered relatively short in literary and artistic merit by some critics .


Scholastic has been criticized for bad marketing to children .

Scholastic has been criticized for inappropriately marketing to children .


Scholastic ( or Scholastic Inc. ) is a global book publishing company known for making educational items for schools , teachers , and parents , and selling and giving them by mail order and via book clubs and book fairs .

Scholastic ( or Scholastic Inc. ) is a global book publishing company known for publishing educational materials for schools , teachers , and parents , and selling and distributing them by mail order and via book clubs and book fairs .


Eugenio Corini ( born 30 July 1970 ) is a former Italian football player .

Eugenio Corini ( born July 30 , 1970 in Bagnolo Mella , Italy ) is an Italian association football coach and former player , last in charge as head coach of Serie B club Crotone .


Later , the term was also borrowed for a second meaning , the é é -- ( Pinyin : bÃ shÇ ' u , Japanese bushu , Korean busu ) .

The term radical may also be applied to the graphic portion of a character ( regardless of its roleâ '' phonetic , semantic , both , or noneâ '' in that character ) under which it is listed in the dictionary , known in Chinese as é é -- bÃ shÇ ' u ( Japanese bushu , Korean busu ) .


A radical ( from Latin radix , meaning `` root '' ) is the portion bearing the meaning of an inflected European word in Chinese .

A Chinese radical ( from the Latin radix , meaning `` root '' ) is a basic component of every Chinese character .


Clenleu is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .

Clenleu is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .


Bargh Shiraz is a football club which plays in Iran .

Bargh Shiraz Football Club is an Iranian football club based in Shiraz , Iran .


Amherst is a town in the American state of Massachusetts . There are three colleges in Amherst .

The communities of Amherst Center , North Amherst , and South Amherst are census-designated places .


The town is home to Amherst College , Hampshire College , and the University of Massachusetts Amherst , three of the Five Colleges . The town of Amherst is a politically liberal and active community due to the five colleges within the area .


Amherst is a town in the American state of Massachusetts .

Amherst is a town in Hampshire County , Massachusetts , United States in the Connecticut River valley .


The song is in the form of a conversation . The other three Beatles sing a question and Starr answers , for example : `` Would you believe in a love at first sight ?

The song is partly in the form of a conversation , in which the other three Beatles sing a question and Starr answers , for example : `` Would you believe in a love at first sight ?


The band started recording the song the day before they posed for the Sgt. Pepper album cover ( 29 March 1967 ) , ending the session at 5:45 in the morning .

The band started recording the song the day before they posed for the Sgt. Pepper album cover ( 29 March 1967 ) , wrapping up the session at 5:45 in the morning .


`` With a Little Help from My Friends '' ( originally titled `` A Little Help from My Friends '' ) is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney , released on The Beatles album Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band in 1967 .

`` With a Little Help from My Friends '' originally titled `` A Little Help from My Friends '' ) is a song written mainly by Paul McCartney , released on The Beatles album Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band in 1967 .


Lennon and McCartney wrote a tune with a limited range - except for the last note , which McCartney worked closely with Starr to achieve .

Lennon and McCartney deliberately wrote a tune with a limited range - except for the last note , which McCartney worked closely with Starr to achieve .


Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr performed this song for the first time together at the David Lynch Foundation Benefit Concert in the Radio City Music Hall , New York on 4 April 2009 .

McCartney and Starr performed this song for the first time together at the David Lynch Foundation Benefit Concert in the Radio City Music Hall , New York on 4 April 2009 .


( In the early days , after George Harrison made a comment that he liked jelly babies , fans would throw them at the Beatles at all of their live shows . )

( In the early days , after George Harrison made a passing comment that he liked jelly babies , the group was showered with them at all of their live performances . )


Lennon and McCartney finished writing this song in mid-March 1967 , written as Starr 's song for the album .

Lennon and McCartney finished writing this song in mid-March 1967 , written specifically as Starr 's track for the album .


The song was written for and sung by Beatles drummer Ringo Starr as the character `` Billy Shears '' ; it is ranked # 304 on Rolling Stone 's list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time .

The song was written for and sung by The Beatles ' drummer Ringo Starr as the character `` Billy Shears '' ; it is ranked # 304 on Rolling Stone 's list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time .


It was briefly called Bad Finger Boogie ( later the inspiration for the band name Badfinger ) , because Lennon composed the melody on a piano using his middle finger after having hurt his forefinger ; but in his 1980 Playboy interview Lennon said : `` This is Paul , with a little help from me .

It was briefly called Bad Finger Boogie ( later the inspiration for the band name Badfinger ) , supposedly because Lennon composed the melody on a piano using his middle finger after having hurt his forefinger ; but in his 1980 Playboy interview Lennon said : `` This is Paul , with a little help from me .


Dalpe is a municipality of the district Leventina in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland .

Dalpe is a municipality in the district of Leventina in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland .


Hesdigneul-l Ã s-Boulogne is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .

Hesdigneul-l Ã s-Boulogne is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .


The London Underground 1972 stock is a fleet of trains used on the London Underground . The 1972 Stock was ordered to make up the shortfall in trains on the Northern line 's 1959 Tube Stock fleet .

Apart from a few trains converted to work with the Victoria line 's 1967 Stock , or the Bakerloo 1972 Mk2 stock , all the Mk1 1972 Stock has been withdrawn .


Uthal is a city in Lasbela District , Balochistan , Pakistan .

Uthal is an administrative subdivision ( tehsil ) of Lasbela District in the Balochistan province of Pakistan .


Krebs is a city of Oklahoma in the United States .

Krebs is a city in Pittsburg County , Oklahoma , United States .


In real-time strategy games , everything the player does , happens right away : there 's no time between doing something ( like telling a unit to move ) and seeing it happen . This is different in turn-based strategy where the players take turns to do things .

A debate has emerged between fans of real-time strategy and turn-based strategy ( and related genres ) based on the merits of the real-time and turn-based systems .


Gesvres is a commune of 543 people ( 1999 ) . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France .

Gesvres is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France .


While Arcachon itself is not home to many well-known figures , the writer Alexandre Dumas once lived in Arcachon 's Ville d'Hiver .


Beaupuy is a commune of the Gers department .

Beaupuy is a commune in the Gers department in south-western France .


When Indian people talk about cooking , they mean a mixture of many spices , when they refer to Masala .

Masala or massala ; ; is a term used in South Asian cuisines ( including Indian , Bangladeshi , and Pakistani cuisines ) to mostly describe a mixture of spices . A masala can either be a combination of dried ( and usually dry roasted ) spices , or a paste ( such as vindaloo masala ) made from a mixture of spices and other ingredientsâ '' often garlic , ginger , onions and chilli paste .


With their hyperactive , self-conscious diversity , goofy sense of humor , and sharp social commentary , the group gained a sizable cult following during the late '80s , yet they were never able to earn a mainstream audience . ''


For each star , the other is its companion star .

The brighter star is called the primary and the other is its companion star , comes , or secondary .


As this gas is compacted by the white dwarf 's gravity , it will eventually undergo nuclear fusion , resulting in a very bright outburst of light , known as a nova .

The result is an extremely bright outburst of light , known as a nova .


Sometimes a star is in orbit around a white dwarf star . If it is large enough and close enough to the white dwarf , the dwarf may suck gasses from its companion 's atmosphere .

If a white dwarf has a close companion star that overflows its Roche lobe , the white dwarf will steadily accrete gases from the star 's outer atmosphere .


One way to tell binary stars and double stars apart is to watch them for a long time . Over a few decades of observation , true binary stars will move around each other , but double stars always stay in the same position .

Apart from the Sun and stars which act as gravitational lenses , this can be done only in binary and multiple star systems , making the binary stars an important class of stars .


A binary star is two stars which orbit around each other .

Apart from the Sun and stars which act as gravitational lenses , this can be done only in binary and multiple star systems , making the binary stars an important class of stars . In the case of a visual binary star , after the orbit and the stellar parallax of the system has been determined , the combined mass of the two stars may be obtained by a direct application of the Keplerian harmonic law .


A visual binary star is one for which the separation of the two stars can be seen with a telescope .

A visual binary star is a binary star for which the angular separation between the two components is great enough to permit them to be observed as a double star in a telescope , or even high-powered binoculars .


The winning bid will be announced in the summer of 2015 .

The winning bid will be announced in 2015 .


The 2022 Winter Olympics , formally called the XXIV Olympic Winter Games is a sporting event that the International Olympic Committee has yet to organize .

The XXIV Olympic Winter Games , or the 2022 Winter Olympics , is an event to be organized by the International Olympic Committee .


He became Premier on 23 September 2008 .

He was sworn into office by Governor Ken Michael on 23 September 2008 .


Colin James Barnett ( born 15 July 1950 ) is the 29th Premier of Western Australia .

Colin James Barnett ( born 15 July 1950 ) , Australian politician , is the leader of the Western Australian Liberal Party , the 29th and current Premier of Western Australia since the 2008 election and served as the Treasurer of Western Australia in 2010 .


It is mostly ceremonial and elections are held every seven years , a person can be elected for up to two terms .

The President is usually directly elected by the people for seven years , and can be elected for a maximum of two terms .


The President of Ireland ( Irish : UachtarÃ n na hÃ ireann ) is the head of state of Ireland .

The President of Ireland is the head of state of Ireland .


La FerriÃ re is a commune . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the VendÃ e department in the west of France .

La FerriÃ re , VendÃ e is a commune in the VendÃ e department in the Pays de la Loire department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France .


Bourideys is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France .

Bourideys is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France .


Masaru Uchiyama ( born 14 April 1957 ) is a former Japanese football player .

Masaru Uchiyama ( born April 14 , 1957 ) is a former Japanese football player .


Usually the string with the highest pitch ( the thinnest ) is called the first string , and the string having the lowest pitch ( the thickest ) is called the sixth .

Conventionally , the string with the highest pitch ( the thinnest ) is called the first string , and the string having the lowest pitch is called the sixth .


This means that for the very largest of chord-voicings it is often necessary to not use one or more tones from the chord .

For a six string guitar in the very largest chord-voicings it may be necessary to drop or omit one or more tones from the chord ; this is typically the root or fifth .


A guitar chord is made up of two or more notes , played on a guitar at one time .

In music , a guitar chord is a chord , or collection of tones usually sounded together at once , played on a guitar .


Chord voicings , that is the choice of individual notes in the chord , can be changed for many different purposes and playing styles .

Chord voicings designed for the guitar can be optimized for many different purposes and playing styles .


The layout of notes on the fretboard sometimes means that the notes in a chord are not played in tonal order , or make possible a chord that is composed of more than one note of the same pitch .

The layout of notes on the fretboard sometimes demands that the notes in a chord will not run in tonal order . It can make a possible chord which is composed of more than one note of exactly the same pitch .


Most guitars used in popular music have six-strings and are tuned : E-A-D-G-B-E .

Most guitars used in popular music have six strings and are tuned ( from the lowest pitched string to the highest ) : E-A-D-G-B-E .


Guitars can vary both in the number of strings they have .

Guitars can vary both in the number of strings and in tuning .


Leominster is roughly 12 miles north of Hereford and 11 miles south of Ludlow .

Leominster is a market town in Herefordshire , England , located approximately 12 m north of the city of Hereford and 11 m south of Ludlow , at .


He was a candidate in the 2010 Labor leadership election .

He was a candidate in the 2010 Labor leadership election , commanding 8.68 % of the electorate in the first ballot .


At the moment Burnham is Shadow Secretary of State for Education within Ed Miliband 's Shadow Cabinet .

In the new Shadow Cabinet under Ed Miliband , Burnham was appointed Shadow Secretary of State for Education and Election Co-ordinator for the Labor Party .


Andrew Murray Burnham ( born 7 January 1970 ) is an English politician .

Andrew Murray `` Andy '' Burnham ( born 7 January 1970 ) is a British Labor Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament for Leigh since 2001 .


Hersin-Coupigny is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .

Hersin-Coupigny is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .


Saint-Ouen-le-Houx is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

Saint-Ouen-le-Houx is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .


Stephen Grover Cleveland ( born March 18 , 1837 died June 24 , 1908 ) was the 22nd ( 1885 â `` 1889 ) and also the 24th ( 1893 â `` 1897 ) President of the United States .

Stephen Grover Cleveland ( March 18 , 1837 - June 24 , 1908 ) was the 22nd and 24th President of the United States . Cleveland is the only president to serve two non-consecutive terms ( 1885 â `` 1889 and 1893 â `` 1897 ) and therefore is the only individual to be counted twice in the numbering of the presidents .


Paul Hegarty ( born July 25 1954 in Edinburgh ) is a former Scottish footballer who is famous for being the captain of Dundee United during their best years in the 1980s .

Paul Anthony Hegarty ( born 25 July 1954 in Edinburgh ) is a Scottish former football player , who was captain of Dundee United during their most successful era in the 1970s and 1980s and won eight international caps for Scotland .


Armour has always been made from the strongest materials available at the time , but weight has always been a problem . Early armor was made from leather , then later metals were used ( e.g. mail or plate armor ) .

Armour has been used throughout recorded history , and manufactured from a variety of materials ; starting with rudimentary leather protection , personal armor evolved to mail and full plated suits of armor .


It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the VendÃ e department in the west of France .

Saint-Georges-de-Pointindoux is a commune in the VendÃ e department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France .


All of these but the Game Boy Micro can play games made for the Game Boy .

The port design is used on all subsequent Game Boy models , excluding the Game Boy Micro .


Nintendo made Game & Watch games before the Game Boy and the Game Boy Advance and later the Nintendo DS after the Game Boy .

The Game Boy is Nintendo 's second handheld system following the Game & Watch series introduced in , and it combined features from both the Nintendo Entertainment System and Game & Watch .


The South Pole is the most southern point on the Earth .

The South Pole , also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole , is one of the two points where the Earth 's axis of rotation intersects its surface . It is the southernmost point on the surface of the Earth and lies on the opposite side of the Earth from the North Pole .


The first men to reach the South Pole were a group from Norway led by Roald Amundsen . They arrived at the Pole on December 14 , 1911 and left the Norwegian flag .

The first humans to reach the Geographic South Pole were Norwegian Roald Amundsen and his party on December 14 , 1911 .


Graye-sur-Mer is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

Graye-sur-Mer is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .


Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac , OM ( August 8 , 1902 in Bristol â `` October 20 , 1984 in Tallahassee ) was an English physicist .

Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac , OM , FRS ( ; 8 August 1902 â `` 20 October 1984 ) was an English theoretical physicist who made fundamental contributions to the early development of both quantum mechanics and quantum electrodynamics .


Dirac worked out a formulation of quantum mechanics , which includes Erwin SchrÃ dinger 's wave mechanics and Werner Heisenberg 's matrix mechanics in 1926 .

In that book , Dirac incorporated the previous work of Werner Heisenberg on matrix mechanics and of Erwin SchrÃ dinger on wave mechanics into a single mathematical formalism that associates measurable quantities to operators acting on the Hilbert space of vectors that describe the state of a physical system .


Sindhi ( Arabic script : Ø Ù Ú Ù , Devanagari script : à à à à à à , SindhÄ `` ) is the language of the Sindh region of South Asia , which is a province of Pakistan .

Sindhi ( , , Devanagari script : à à à à à à , SindhÄ `` ) is the language of the Sindh region of Pakistan and among 22 constitutionally recognized languages of India .


DodÃ ( born 2 May 1974 ) is a former Brazilian football player .

Ricardo Lucas , known as DodÃ ( born May 2 , 1974 in SÃ # o Paulo ) , is a Brazilian football striker .


Birmingham City Football Club , is an English football club .

Birmingham City Football Club is a professional association football club based in the city of Birmingham , England .


( HUD ) defines a `` chronically homeless '' person as `` an unaccompanied homeless individual with a disabling condition '' .

Also , HUD reported the number of chronically homeless people ( those with repeated episodes or who have been homeless for long periods , 2007 data ) as 123,833 . 82 % of the homeless are not chronically homeless , and 18 % are ( 6 % Chronically Homeless Sheltered , 12 % Chronically Homeless Unsheltered ) .


It is called `` chronic homelessness '' . ( HUD ) defines a `` chronically homeless '' person as `` an unaccompanied homeless individual with a disabling condition '' .

( HUD ) defines a `` chronically homeless '' person as `` an unaccompanied homeless individual with a disabling condition who has either been continuously homeless for a year or more , or has had at least four episodes of homelessness in the past three years . ''


It has to be someone who has either been homeless for a year or more , or has been homeless four episodes times in the past three years . ''

There are more homeless men than homeless women in Japan because it is easier for women to get a job ( they make less money than men do ) .


Providence is a city of Kentucky in the United States .

Providence is a city in Webster County , Kentucky , United States .


Blogcritics features hundreds of original articles every week , and keeps an archive of all their published content .

Blogcritics features hundreds of original articles every week , and maintains an archive of all their published content .


A hovercraft can move cargo , people , and cars .

Although supported by air , a hovercraft is not considered an aircraft . Hovercraft are used throughout the world as specialized transports .


The continent of Gondwana was named by Austrian scientist , Eduard Suess , after the Gondwana region of central northern India ( from Sanskrit gondavana ` forest of the Gonds ' ) , from which the Gondwana sedimentary sequences ( Permianâ `` Triassic ) are also found .

The continent of Gondwana was named by Austrian scientist , Eduard Suess , after the Gondwana region of central northern India ( from Sanskrit gondavana `` forest of the Gonds '' ) , from which the Gondwana sedimentary sequences ( Permian-Triassic ) are also described .


While the northern hemisphere continent Laurasia moved further north , Gondwana drifted south . It included most of the landmasses in today 's southern hemisphere , including Antarctica , South America , Africa , Madagascar , Australiaâ `` New Guinea , and New Zealand , as well as Arabia and the Indian subcontinent , which have now moved entirely into the Northern Hemisphere .

Gondwana included most of the landmasses in today 's Southern Hemisphere , including Antarctica , South America , Africa , Madagascar and the Australian continent , as well as the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian subcontinent , which have now moved entirely into the Northern Hemisphere .


Unterentfelden is a municipality of the district of Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .

Unterentfelden is a municipality in the district of Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .


Allison is a city of Iowa in the United States .

Allison is a city in and the county seat of Butler County , Iowa , United States .


Darmstadtium was first made on November 9 , 1994 . It was made at the Gesellschaft fÃ 1\/4 r Schwerionenforschung ( GSI ) in Darmstadt , Germany .

Darmstadtium was first created on November 9 , 1994 at the Gesellschaft fÃ 1\/4 r Schwerionenforschung ( GSI ) in Darmstadt , Germany by Peter Armbruster and Gottfried MÃ 1\/4 nzenberg , under the direction of professor Sigurd Hofmann .


Since his death , his office at Sikorsky Aircraft has been left exactly as it was when he died .

Sikorsky has been designated a Connecticut Aviation Pioneer by the Connecticut State Legislature . The Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation in Stratford , Connecticut , continues to the present day as one of the world 's leading helicopter manufacturers , and a nearby small airport has been named Sikorsky Memorial Airport .


She was born in city of Rasht ( Province of Gilan ) , where she was a high-school student before her arrest .

Darabi was born in the northern city of Rasht , in the province of Gilan . Before her arrest she was a high-school student .


She had three sisters : Elaheh ( 21-year old ) , Ghazale ( 19 ) and Sheida ( 8 ) .

She had three sisters : Elaheh , Ghazale and Sheida .


As of May 2009 , Elaheh and Ghazale are college students .


An occluded front is formed during the process of cyclogenesis when a cold front overtakes a warm front . When this occurs , the warm air is separated ( occluded ) from the cyclone center at the Earth 's surface .


When the cold front catches up to the a warm front , the warm air is pushed up into the air .

In a warm occlusion , the air mass overtaking the warm front is not as cool as the cold air ahead of the warm front , and rides over the colder air mass while lifting the warm air .


Montaigu is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France .


Yoshiyuki Kobayashi ( born 27 January 1978 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Albirex Niigata .

Yoshiyuki Kobayashi is a Japanese football player who plays for Albirex Niigata .


Kelechukwu Rowland Okereke known as Kele Okereke is a British singer and guitarist for rock band Bloc Party . He was born in Liverpool on 13 October 1981 and grew up in London , England , United Kingdom .

Kelechukwu `` Kele '' Rowland Okereke ( born 13 October 1981 ) is a British musician , best known as the lead singer and rhythm guitarist of the alternative rock band Bloc Party .


Males pheasants are usually larger than the females , and they have feathers of bright colors and long tails .

Pheasants are characterised by strong sexual dimorphism , males being highly ornate with bright colors and adornments such as wattles and long tails . Males are usually larger than females and have longer tails .


Her siblings are George W. Bush , who is the 43rd President , Jeb Bush , Neil Bush , Marvin Bush , and the late Robin Bush , who died of leukemia in 1953 .

Her other four siblings are Jeb Bush , Neil Bush , Marvin Bush , and Robin Bush , who died of leukemia in 1953 .


Dorothy Walker Bush Koch , often called `` Doro , '' ( born August 18 , 1959 in Texas ) , is the daughter of the 41st President of the United States George H. W. Bush and former First Lady of the United States Barbara Bush .

Dorothy Walker Bush Koch , often called `` Doro '' , ( born August 18 , 1959 ) , is the daughter of the 41st President of the United States George H. W. Bush and former First Lady Barbara Bush , and the youngest sibling of George W. Bush , the 43rd President .


Victor Posa ( born November 5 , 1966 in Bari , Italy ) is a former professional Italian ice hockey defenceman who played 2 games for the Chicago Black Hawks of the NHL .

Victor Posa ( born November 5 , 1966 in Bari , Italy ) is a former ice hockey defenceman from Italy . He played 2 games in the 1985 â `` 86 season for the Chicago Black Hawks .


It has a collection of more than two million works of art . It is divided into nineteen departments .

Its permanent collection contains more than two million works of art , divided into nineteen curatorial departments .


The main building is one of the world 's largest art galleries . There is also a much smaller second location .

The main building , often called `` the Met '' , is one of the world 's largest art galleries ; there is also a much smaller second location , at `` The Cloisters '' , in Upper Manhattan , which features medieval art .


The Metropolitan Museum of Art is an art museum . It is sometimes called The Met .

The Metropolitan Museum of Art ( colloquially The Met ) is an art museum on the eastern edge of Central Park , along `` Museum Mile '' in New York City , United States .


The modern cotton gin was invented by the American inventor Eli Whitney .

The modern version of the cotton gin was created by the American inventor Eli Whitney in 1793 to mechanize the cleaning of cotton .


A cotton gin , or a cotton engine is a machine that pulls cotton fibers away from the cotton seeds . The modern cotton gin was invented by the American inventor Eli Whitney .

The earliest history of the cotton gin is ambiguous because archeologists likely mistook the cotton gin 's parts for other tools .


A cotton gin , or a cotton engine is a machine that pulls cotton fibers away from the cotton seeds .

A cotton gin ( short for cotton engine ) is a machine that quickly and easily separates the cotton fibers from the seeds , a job formerly performed by hand .


Saint-C Ã zaire-sur-Siagne is a commune .

Saint-C Ã zaire-sur-Siagne is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France .


The Lions were started in 1954 and used to play at Empire Stadium in East Vancouver .

Based in Vancouver , British Columbia , the Lions play their home games at BC Place Stadium in Downtown Vancouver , having previously played at Empire Stadium in East Vancouver from 1954 to 1982 .


The BC Lions are a Canadian Football League team from Vancouver , BC .

The BC Lions are a professional Canadian football team competing in the West Division of Canadian Football League ( CFL ) .


In 1975 Birtwistle became musical director of the new Royal National Theatre in London , a post he held until 1983 .

In 1975 Birtwistle became musical director of the newly established Royal National Theatre in London , a post he held until 1983 .


Birtwistle left the college in 1955 , then studied at the Royal Academy of Music and afterward made a living as a schoolteacher .

Birtwistle left the college in 1955 then studied at the Royal Academy of Music and afterwards made a living as a schoolteacher .


While there he met other young composers like Peter Maxwell Davies and Alexander Goehr . Together with pianist John Ogdon and conductor Elgar Howarth , he formed the New Music Manchester group , which put on performances of modern music , especially music using serialism .

While there he met fellow composers Peter Maxwell Davies and Alexander Goehr , who , together with pianist John Ogdon and conductor Elgar Howarth , formed the New Music Manchester group , dedicated to the performances of serial and other modern works .


Sir Harrison Paul Birtwistle CH , ( born Accrington , July 15 , 1934 ) is one of Britain 's most important composers today .

Sir Harrison Paul Birtwistle CH ( born 15 July 1934 ) is a British contemporary composer .


He was given a knighthood in 1988 and was made a Companion of Honour in 2000 .

He has been honored with a knighthood ( 1988 ) and as a Companion of Honour ( 2001 ) .


In 1965 he got a Harkness Fellowship which gave him the opportunity to study composition in the United States .

In 1965 a Harkness Fellowship gave him the opportunity to continue his studies in the United States and he decided to dedicate himself to composition .


In 1952 Birtwistle entered the Royal Manchester College of Music in Manchester on a clarinet scholarship .

In 1952 he entered the Royal Manchester College of Music in Manchester on a clarinet scholarship .


Stretching , in its most basic form , is a natural and instinctive activity ; it is done by many animals including humans .

In its most basic form , stretching is a natural and instinctive activity ; it is performed by humans and many animals .


Stretching is a kind of physical fitness exercise in which a muscle ( or muscle group ) is stretched on purpose to its fullest length in order to help the muscle 's elasticity and its tone .

Stretching is a form of physical exercise in which a specific skeletal muscle ( or muscle group ) is deliberately elongated , often by abduction from the torso , in order to improve the muscle 's felt elasticity and reaffirm comfortable muscle tone .


Stretching often is done instinctively after waking from sleep , after long periods of being inactive , or after leaving small spaces and areas .

Stretching often occurs instinctively after waking from sleep , after long periods of inactivity , or after exiting confined spaces and areas .


Dirk Lehmann ( born 16 August 1971 ) is a former German football player .

Dirk Lehmann ( born 16 August 1971 ) is a retired German association football player .


In 1879 , he received an honorary degree from the University of Oxford in England .

Turgenev occasionally visited England , and in 1879 the honorary degree of Doctor of Civil Law was conferred upon him by the University of Oxford .


Turgenev had an awkward relationship with two other famous Russian writers â `` Leo Tolstoy and Fyodor Dostoyevsky . Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky criticised Turgenev for liking Western Europe and itâ s literature more than Russian Literature .

His relations with Leo Tolstoy and Fyodor Dostoyevsky were often strained , as the two were , for various reasons , dismayed by Turgenev 's seeming preference for Western Europe .


Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev ( November 9 , 1818 - September 3 , 1883 ) was a Russian writer , most famous for his novel Fathers and Sons .

Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev ( November 9 , 1818 â `` September 3 , 1883 ) was a Russian novelist , short story writer , and playwright .


Dance music is music that is made to be danced to . In a broader sense , an enormous amount of music sounds like dance music , even if it is not composed for dancing .

Dance music is music composed specifically to facilitate or accompany dancing .


The history of dance music is similar to the history of dance as well as to the history of music .

In terms of performance , the major categories are live dance music and recorded dance music .


Dance music is music that is made to be danced to .

This article is about dance music in general .


The most popular dances in a suite were : allemande , courante , sarabande , minuet and gigue .

Examples of dances include the French courante , sarabande , minuet and gigue .


Also faring well were the album 's other three singles , `` Give It All '' ( number 37 ) and `` Life Less Frightening '' ( number 33 ) and `` Paper Wings '' .

Also faring well were the album 's other three singles , `` Give It All '' ( # 37 ) and `` Life Less Frightening '' ( # 33 ) and `` Paper Wings '' .


Despite its big commercial success , Siren Song of the Counter Culture is not Rise Against 's highest charting album on the Billboard 200 , peaking at number 136 ; subsequent albums The Sufferer & The Witness and Appeal to Reason both charted higher , peaking at number 10 and number 3 .

While the album was commercially successful , Siren Song of the Counter Culture is not Rise Against 's highest charting album on the Billboard 200 , peaking only at # 136 ; subsequent albums The Sufferer & The Witness and Appeal to Reason both charted higher , peaking at # 10 and # 3 respectively .


The album sold very well , mainly because of the success of its single , `` Swing Life Away '' , which reached number 12 on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks , making it the band 's highest-ranking single at the time .

The album sold very well , mainly due to the success of its single , `` Swing Life Away '' , which reached # 12 on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks , making it the band 's highest-charting single at the time .


ubuntu-restricted-extras is a package for ubuntu , that allows the user to install most of the essential restricted software , due to legal , or copyright reasons .

ubuntu-restricted-extras is a software package for the computer operating system Ubuntu that allows the user to install essential software which is not already included due to legal or copyright reasons .


Clara Josephine Wieck was born in Leipzig on 13 September 1819 to Friedrich and Marianne Wieck ( nÃ e Tromlitz ) . Her parents divorced when she was four years old ; Clara was raised by her father .


Clara Schumann ( born Leipzig 13 September , 1819 ; died Frankfurt am Main 20 May , 1896 ) , was the wife of composer Robert Schumann .

Clara Schumann ( nÃ e Clara Josephine Wieck ; 13 September 1819 â `` 20 May 1896 ) was a German musician and composer , considered one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era .


It is the seventeenth book in the Redwall series , and it was also translated into French .

It is the seventeenth book in the Redwall series .


Rakkety Tam is a fantasy book written by Brian Jacques in 2004 .

Rakkety Tam is a fantasy novel by Brian Jacques , published in 2004 .


All the Greatest Hits is an album from the band McFly .

All the Greatest Hits is an album from British band McFly .


The album also includes 3 new songs : `` The Heart Never Lies '' , `` The Way You Make Me Feel '' and `` Do n't Wake Me Up '' .

There are also two new songs on the album : `` The Heart Never Lies '' , `` Do n't Wake Me Up '' , And a cover song : `` The Way You Make Me Feel '' ( Originally performed by Foolproof , titled `` Ca n't Stop Diggin ' '' )


They released it on November 5 , 2007 and it features all of McFly 's UK singles .

It was released on 5 November 2007 and features all of McFly 's UK singles .


Ealing is a town in the London Borough of Ealing , most famous for the Ealing Studios , a movie studio .

It is also served by three other tube stations at North Ealing , South Ealing and Ealing Common . The Piccadilly line operates at North Ealing , Ealing Common and South Ealing ; the Central line at Ealing Broadway ; and the District line at Ealing Broadway and Ealing Common .


Nakhon Ratchasima Province or Khorat , is the biggest province and the second most populated province of Thailand . Nakhon Ratchasima means â big provinceâ .

The capital of the province is The City of Nakhon Ratchasima located in Mueang Nakhon Ratchasima District , also called Korat or Khorat .


IRCAM stands for Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique\/Musique ( Institute for Research and Coordination of Acoustic Music ) .

IRCAM ( Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique\/Musique ) is a European institute for science about music and sound and avant garde electro-acoustical art music .


The Velvet Underground & Nico is the first album by American rock band The Velvet Underground .

The Velvet Underground & Nico is the debut album by American rock band The Velvet Underground and vocal collaborator Nico .


Eric Arthur Blair was born on 25 June 1903 , in India .

Eric Arthur Blair was born on 25 June 1903 in Motihari , Bihar , Bengal Presidency , British India .


The headmaster helped Blair win the scholarship to pay for his education . He also let Blair 's parents pay only half the usual amount of money .

The headmaster undertook to help Blair to win the scholarship , and made a private financial arrangement which allowed Blair 's parents to pay only half the normal fees .


His mother , Ida Mabel Blair , grew up in Burma .

His mother , Ida Mabel Blair ( nÃ e Limouzin ) , grew up in Burma where her French father was involved in speculative ventures .


Eric grew up with his mother and sisters . Except for a short visit , he did not see his father again until 1912 .

Eric was brought up in the company of his mother and sisters , and apart from a brief visit he did not see his father again until 1912 .


When he was five , Eric was sent to a convent school where Marjorie went to . It was a Catholic convent .

At the age of five , Eric Blair was sent as a day-boy to the convent school in Henley-on-Thames which Marjorie attended -- a Catholic convent run by French Ursulines , exiled from France after religious education was banned there in 1903 .


The family moved to Shiplake before World War I. There , Eric became friends with the Buddicom family , especially Jacintha Buddicom .

The family moved to Shiplake before World War I , and Eric became friendly with the Buddicom family , especially Jacintha Buddicom .


His father , Richard Walmesley Blair , worked in the Indian Civil Service .

His father , Richard Walmesley Blair , worked in the Opium Department of the Indian Civil Service .


George Orwell ( 25 June 1903 â `` 21 January 1950 ) was an English writer . His real name was Eric Arthur Blair .

Eric Arthur Blair ( 25 June 1903 â `` 21 January 1950 ) , better known by his pen name George Orwell , was an English author and journalist .


Limouzin , who was a good golfer , came to know the school and its headmaster at the Royal Eastbourne Golf Club .

Limouzin , who was a proficient golfer , came into contact with the school and its headmaster at the Royal Eastbourne Golf Club where he won several competitions in 1903 and 1904 .


They read poetry and hoped to become famous writers . At this time , he also liked fishing and watching birds with Jacintha 's brother and sister .

Jacintha and Eric read and wrote poetry and dreamed of becoming famous writers .


When Eric was one year old , Ida took him to England .

When Eric was a year old , Ida Blair took him to England .


Blair hated the school and many years later based his posthumously published essay Such , Such Were the Joys on his time there .


His great-grandfather Charles Blair had been a rich gentleman who had married Lady Mary Fane , and he was supported by money from slave plantations in Jamaica .

His great-grandfather Charles Blair had been a wealthy country gentleman in Dorset who had married Lady Mary Fane , daughter of Thomas Fane , 8th Earl of Westmorland , and he was supported , as an absentee landlord , by a good income from slave plantations in Jamaica .


Ida 's brother , Charles Limouzin , was asked to help find the best school to help Eric prepare for better things . He suggested St Cyprian 's School in Eastbourne , Sussex .

Ida Blair 's brother Charles Limouzin , who lived on the South Coast , was asked to find the best possible school to prepare Eric ( whose education the family believed was more important than that of his sisters ) for higher things , and he recommended St Cyprian 's School , Eastbourne , East Sussex .


Marjorie , his first sister , was five years older than he was . Avril was five years younger .

Eric had two sisters ; Marjorie , five years older , and Avril , five years younger .


Then Dee Dee said he was unable to sing while playing bass so Tommy got Joey to sing and then played drums himself leaving Dee Dee to backup sing .

Soon after the band was formed , Dee Dee realized that he could not sing and play his bass guitar simultaneously ; with Erdelyi 's encouragement , Joey became the band 's new lead singer . Dee Dee would continue , however , to count off each song 's tempo with his signature rapid-fire shout of `` 1-2-3-4 ! ''


The original lineup was made up of Joey on drums , Johnny on Guitar and Dee Dee on bass and vocals and Tommy was their manager . Then Dee Dee said he was unable to sing while playing bass so Tommy got Joey to sing and then played drums himself leaving Dee Dee to backup sing .

Dee Dee initially pursued a brief career as a rapper under the name Dee Dee King .


David Silva ( born 8 January 1986 ) is a Spanish football player .

David JosuÃ JimÃ nez Silva ( ; born 8 January 1986 ) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Manchester City in England , and the Spanish national team .


The term Needham-Schroeder protocol can refer to one of two communication protocols intended for use over an insecure network , both protocols designed by Roger Needham and Michael Schroeder .

The term Needham-Schroeder protocol can refer to one of two communication protocols intended for use over an insecure network , both proposed by Roger Needham and Michael Schroeder .


Bairols is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France .


Colony collapse disorder ( CCD ) is an occurrence where worker bees from a beehive abruptly disappear .

Colony collapse disorder ( CCD ) is a phenomenon in which worker bees from a beehive or European honey bee colony abruptly disappear .


Liu was born in 1955 in Changchun , Jilin to an intellectual family .

Liu was born in Changchun , Jilin , in 1955 to an intellectual family .


Liu Xiaobo was taken away from his home by police late in the evening of 8 December 2008 . This was two days before the official release of the Charter .

Late in the evening of 8 December 2008 , two days before the official release of the Charter , Liu Xiaobo was taken away from his home by police .


On 18 January 2010 , Liu was named by many people as a nominee ( possible winner ) of the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize . These included VÃ clav Havel , the 14th Dalai Lama , AndrÃ Glucksmann , Vartan Gregorian , and Desmond Tutu .

On 18 January 2010 , Liu was nominated for the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize by VÃ clav Havel , the 14th Dalai Lama , AndrÃ Glucksmann , Vartan Gregorian , Mike Moore , Karel Schwarzenberg , Desmond Tutu and Grigory Yavlinsky .


On 23 June 2009 , the Beijing procuratorate ( a government officer who investigates crimes ) approved Liu Xiaobo 's arrest on charges of `` suspicion of inciting subversion of state power , '' a crime under Article 105 of the Law of the People 's Republic of China .

On 23 June 2009 , the Beijing procuratorate approved Liu Xiaobo 's arrest on charges of `` suspicion of inciting subversion of state power , '' a crime under article 105 of China 's Criminal Law .


Awarding the peace to Liu runs completely counter to the principle of the award and is also a desecration of the Peace Prize . ''

The Chinese Foreign Ministry statement denounced the award to Liu Xiaobo , saying that it `` runs completely counter to the principle of the award and is also a desecration of the Peace Prize . ''


He had a trial on 23 December 2009 . On 25 December 2009 , the court decided he must go to prison for eleven years .

He was tried on the same charges on 23 December 2009 , and sentenced to eleven years ' imprisonment and two years ' deprivation of political rights on 25 December 2009 .


Taiwan President Ma Ying-jeou called on Beijing to `` tolerate dissent '' .

In Taiwan , Republic of China President Ma Ying-jeou called on Beijing to `` tolerate dissent '' .


All news about the announcement of the award was immediately censored in China .

All news about the announcement of the award was immediately censored in China at the time of the announcement though later that day became available .


His wife was not permitted to watch the trial , but his brother-in-law was there .

His wife was not permitted to observe the hearing , although his brother-in-law was present .


Diplomats from more than 12 countries â `` including the U.S. , Britain , Canada , Sweden , Australia and New Zealand â `` were not allowed in the court . They could not watch the trial .

Diplomats from more than a dozen states â `` including the U.S. , Britain , Canada , Sweden , Australia and New Zealand â `` were denied access to the court to watch the trial and stood outside the court for its duration .


He is also the third person to win the Nobel Peace Prize while in prison or detention . The others were Germany 's Carl von Ossietzky in 1935 and Myanmar 's Aung San Suu Kyi in 1991 .

He is the fourth person to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize while in prison or detention , after Germany 's Carl von Ossietzky ( 1935 ) , the Soviet Union 's Andrei Sakharov ( 1975 ) , and Myanmar 's Aung San Suu Kyi ( 1991 ) .


On 22 December 2008 , an organization of scholars , writers , lawyers , and human rights workers wrote an open letter to ask the government to let Liu out of prison . On 21 January 2009 , 300 international writers , including Salman Rushdie , Margaret Atwood , Ha Jin and Jung Chang , called for Liu 's release in a statement put out through PEN .

On 11 December 2008 , the U.S. Department of State called for Liu 's release ; on 22 December 2008 , a consortium of scholars , writers , lawyers and human rights advocates called for Liu 's release in an open letter ; and on 21 January 2009 , 300 international writers , including Salman Rushdie , Margaret Atwood , Ha Jin and Jung Chang , called for Liu 's release in a statement put out through PEN .


The Chinese Foreign Ministry called the Norwegian ambassador to the People 's Republic of China to the ministry on 8 October 2010 . The Chinese gave the ambassador an official complaint against awarding the Nobel Peace Prize to Liu Xiaobo .

The Norwegian ambassador to the People 's Republic of China was summoned by the Foreign Ministry on 8 October 2010 and was presented with an official complaint against the granting of the Nobel Peace Prize to Liu .


The court said that Charter 08 was part of the evidence supporting his conviction .

In the verdict , Charter 08 was named as part of the evidence supporting his conviction .


On 1 December 2009 , Beijing police transferred Liu 's case to the procuratorate for investigation and processing ; on 10 December , the procuratorate formally indicted Liu on charges of `` inciting subversion of state power '' and sent his lawyers , Shang Baojun and Ding Xikui , the indictment document .

On 1 December 2009 , Beijing police transferred Liu 's case to the procuratorate for investigation and processing ; on 10 December , the procuratorate formally indicted Liu on charges of `` inciting subversion of state power '' under and sent his lawyers , Shang Baojun and Ding Xikui , the indictment document .


In September 2010 VÃ clav Havel , Dana NÄ mcovÃ , and VÃ clav MalÃ 1\/2 published an open letter in The International Herald Tribune calling for the award to be given to Liu , while a petition began to circulate soon afterwards . All three had been leaders of Czechoslovakia 's Velvet Revolution .

Also that September VÃ clav Havel , Dana NÄ mcovÃ and VÃ clav MalÃ 1\/2 , leaders of Czechoslovakia 's Velvet Revolution , published an open letter in The International Herald Tribune calling for the award to be given to Liu , while a petition began to circulate soon afterwards .


China 's Foreign Ministry spokesperson Ma Zhaoxu said that awarding the Nobel Peace Prize to Liu would be `` totally wrong '' .

China 's Foreign Ministry spokesperson Ma Zhaoxu stated that awarding the Nobel Peace Prize to Liu would be `` totally wrong '' .


Freedom Now is a non-governmental organization and works as a lawyer for Liu Xiaobo outside China . On 6 October 2010 , they publicly released a letter from 30 U.S. Members of Congress to President Barack Obama ( the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize winner ) .

On 6 October 2010 , the non-governmental organization Freedom Now , which serves as international counsel to Liu Xiaobo as retained by his family , publicly released a letter from 30 U.S. Members of Congress to President Barack Obama ( the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate ) , urging him to directly raise both Liu Xiaobo 's case and that of fellow imprisoned dissident Gao Zhisheng to Chinese President Hu Jintao at the G-20 Summit in November 2010 .


He was formally arrested on 23 June 2009 .

He was formally arrested on 23 June 2009 , on suspicion of `` inciting subversion of state power . ''


It was released on the 60th anniversary of the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights ( 10 December 2008 ) . They wrote it in the style of the Czechoslovak Charter 77 calling for greater freedom of expression , human rights , and free elections .

Then , along with more than three hundred Chinese citizens , he signed Charter 08 , a manifesto released on the 60th anniversary of the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights ( 10 December 2008 ) , written in the style of the Czechoslovak Charter 77 calling for more freedom of expression , human rights , more democratic elections , for privatizing state enterprises and land and for economic liberalism .


According to Liu 's family and counsel , he plans to fight this and ask for a new trial .

According to Liu 's family and counsel , he plans to appeal the judgment .


Before the court decision , China said that other nations should `` respect China 's judicial sovereignty and to not do things that will interfere in China 's internal affairs . ''

China , responding to the international calls prior to the verdict , stated that other nations should `` respect China 's judicial sovereignty and to not do things that will interfere in China 's internal affairs . ''


Foreign news broadcasters including CNN and the BBC were immediately blocked after mentioning the award in China .

Foreign news broadcasters including CNN and the BBC were immediately blocked ; heavy censorship was applied to personal communications .


In a Xinhua news release announcing Liu 's arrest , the Beijing Public Security Bureau said that Liu had incited the subversion of state power and the overturn of the socialist system through methods such as spreading rumors and slander , using almost the exact words of Article 105 . The Beijing PSB also said that Liu had `` fully confessed . ''

In a Xinhua news release announcing Liu 's arrest , the Beijing Public Security Bureau alleged that Liu had incited the subversion of state power and the overturn of the socialist system through methods such as spreading rumors and slander , citing almost verbatim Article 105 ; the Beijing PSB also noted that Liu had `` fully confessed . ''


On 25 December , Liu Xiaobo was sentenced to eleven years ' imprisonment and two years ' deprivation of political rights by the Beijing No. 2 Intermediate Court on charges of `` inciting subversion of state power . ''

On 25 December 2009 , Liu Xiaobo was sentenced to eleven years ' imprisonment and two years ' deprivation of political rights by the Beijing No. 2 Intermediate Court on charges of `` inciting subversion of state power . ''


Gregory May , political officer at the U.S. Embassy , and Nicholas Weeks , first secretary of the Swedish Embassy were among the diplomats who waited outside .

Amongst these included Gregory May , political officer at the U.S. Embassy , and Nicholas Weeks , first secretary of the Swedish Embassy .


On 8 October 2010 the Nobel Committee awarded Liu the Prize `` for his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China '' .

On 8 October 2010 the Nobel Committee awarded Liu the Prize `` for his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China '' , saying that Liu had long been front-runner as the recipient of the prize .


Responding to the result in court , United Nations Human Rights Commissioner Navanethem Pillay expressed concern political rights in China becoming worse .

Responding to the verdict , United Nations Human Rights Commissioner Navanethem Pillay expressed concern at the deterioration of political rights in China .


Between 1988 and 1989 , he was a visiting scholar at several universities outside of China , including Columbia University , the University of Oslo and the University of Hawaii .

He soon became a visiting scholar at several universities , including the University of Oslo , the University of Hawaii , and Columbia University .


While Liu was detained in solitary confinement , he was not allowed to meet with his lawyer or family , though he was allowed to eat lunch with his wife , Liu Xia , and two policemen on New Year 's Day 2009 .

While Liu was detained , in solitary confinement , he was not allowed to meet with his lawyer or family , though he was allowed to eat lunch with his wife , Liu Xia , and two policemen on New Year 's Day 2009 .


In 2004 , Reporters Without Borders honored Liu 's human rights work , awarding him the Fondation de France Prize as a defender of press freedom .

Liu 's human rights work has received international recognition . In 2004 , Reporters Without Borders awarded him the Fondation de France Prize as a defender of press freedom .


His father took him to the Inner Mongolia from 1969 to 1973 during the Down to the Countryside Movement .

In 1969 , during the Down to the Countryside Movement , he was taken by his father to the Horqin Right Front Banner of Inner Mongolia .


Liu Xiaobo was born 28 December 1955 . He is a Chinese intellectual , writer , and human rights activist and a political prisoner in China .

Liu Xiaobo ( pronunciation : ; born 28 December 1955 ) is a Chinese literary critic , writer , professor , and human rights activist who called for political reforms and the end of communist one-party rule in the People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) .


Zhang Zuhua , was also taken away by police at that time . He is another scholar who signed Charter 08 .

Another scholar and Charter 08 signatory , Zhang Zuhua , was also taken away by police at that time .


On 8 December 2008 , police stopped and held Liu because of his work with Charter 08 .

On 8 December 2008 , Liu was detained in response to his participation with the Charter 08 manifesto .


In December 2009 , the European Union and United States both officially asked the Chinese government to release of Liu Xiaobo without any special rules or conditions .

In December 2009 , the European Union and United States both issued formal appeals calling for the unconditional release of Liu Xiaobo .


A merchet was a fine paid on a marriage in the Middle Ages in England .

A merchet was a fine paid on a marriage during the Middle Ages in England .


The cyclone was responsible for between 22 and 38 deaths and between $ 500 million and $ 1 billion in destruction ( 1994 USD ) .

Alberto caused $ 1 billion in damage ( 1994 USD ) and 30 deaths .


Tropical Storm Alberto was a catastrophic storm in the 1994 Atlantic hurricane season .

Tropical Storm Alberto was the first storm of the 1994 Atlantic hurricane season .


Bacteriophages are typically made of an outer protein hull that has genetic material inside it .

Typically , bacteriophages consist of an outer protein capsid enclosing genetic material .


Gambon was born in Dublin during World War II .

Gambon was born in Cabra , Dublin , during World War II .


After three years at the Old Vic , Olivier advised Gambon to gain experience in provincial rep. In 1967 , he left the NT for the Birmingham Repertory Company which was to give him his first crack at the title roles in Othello ( his favorite ) , Macbeth and Coriolanus .

After three years at the Old Vic , Olivier advised Gambon to gain experience in provincial rep. In 1967 , he left the NT for the Birmingham Repertory Company , which was to give him his first crack at the title roles in Othello ( his favorite ) , Macbeth and Coriolanus .


His father had him made a British citizen â '' a decision that would later allow Michael to receive an actual , rather than honorary , knighthood and CBE . ( although , under the British Nationality Act 1981 anyone born in Ireland before 1949 can still register as a British subject and , after five years ' UK residence , as a British citizen ) .

His father had him made a British citizen , a decision that would later allow Gambon to receive an actual , rather than honorary , knighthood and CBE ( although , under the British Nationality Act 1981 anyone born in Ireland before 1949 can still register as a British subject and , after five years ' UK residence , become a British citizen ) .


Iâ m not really a character actor at all ... ''

I 'm not really a character actor at all ... ''


By the time he was 21 he was a fully qualified engineer .

By the time he was 21 , he was a fully qualified engineer .


Gambon is a very private person , a â non-starry starâ as Ayckbourn called him .

Gambon is a very private person , a `` non-starry star '' as Ayckbourn called him .


He clipped his namesake corner the second time , and when asked why by Jeremy Clarkson , replied that ' I dunno - I just do not like it ' .

He clipped his namesake corner the second time , and when asked why by Jeremy Clarkson , replied , `` I dunno - I just do n't like it . ''


After this success , for which he won a BAFTA , his work includes films such as The Cook , The Thief , His Wife and Her Lover which also starred Helen Mirren .

After this success , for which he won a BAFTA , his work includes such controversial films as The Cook , The Thief , His Wife and Her Lover , which also starred Helen Mirren .


Gambon , along with Robert Stephens , Derek Jacobi and Frank Finlay , was hired as one of the â to be renownedâ and played any number of small roles .

Gambon , along with Robert Stephens , Derek Jacobi and Frank Finlay , was hired as one of the `` to be renowned '' and played any number of small roles , appearing on cast lists as Mike Gambon .


A year later , cheekily auditioning with the opening soliloquy from Richard III , he caught the eye of star-maker Laurence Olivier who was recruiting promising spear-carriers for his new National Theatre Company .

A year later , cheekily auditioning with the opening soliloquy from Richard III , he caught the eye of star-maker Laurence Olivier who was recruiting promising spear carriers for his new National Theatre Company .


His father , Edward Gambon , was an engineer and his mother , Mary ( nÃ e Hoare ) , was a seamstress .

His father , Edward Gambon , was an engineer , and his mother , Mary ( nÃ e Hoare ) , was a seamstress .


Aged 19 he joined the Unity Theatre in Kings Cross .

Aged 19 , while at RADA , he joined the Unity Theatre in King 's Cross .


Gambon raced the Suzuki Liana and was driving so aggressively that it was launched into the air on the last corner of his timed lap .

Gambon raced the Suzuki Liana and was driving so aggressively that it went round the last corner of his timed lap on two wheels .


Perhaps his most significant role in 2004 , however , was Albus Dumbledore , Hogwarts ' headmaster in the third installment of J. K. Rowling 's franchise , Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban , taking over from fellow Irish actor Richard Harris , who had died of Hodgkins disease .

Perhaps his most significant role in 2004 was Albus Dumbledore , Hogwarts 's headmaster in the third installment of J. K. Rowling 's franchise , Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban , taking over from the late Richard Harris .


He reappeared on the program on the June 4 , 2006 , and set a time in the Chevrolet Lacetti of 1:50.3 , a significant improvement on his previous time of 1:55 .

He appeared on the program again on 4 June 2006 , and set a time in the Chevrolet Lacetti of 1:50.3 , a significant improvement on his previous time of 1:55 .


It was accompanied by a CV describing a rich and wholly imaginary theater career -- and he was taken on .

It was accompanied by a CV describing a rich and wholly imaginary theater career - and he was taken on .


â Skylight was ten times as hard to play as anything Iâ ve ever doneâ he told Michael Owen in the Evening Standard .

`` Skylight was ten times as hard to play as anything I 've ever done '' he told Michael Owen in the Evening Standard .


Sir Michael John Gambon , CBE ( born 19 October 1940 ) , is an acclaimed Irish-born actor with a career that spans nearly five decades and includes a variety of roles in theater , television and film .

Sir Michael John Gambon , CBE ( born 19 October 1940 ) is an Irish-born British actor who has worked in theater , television and film .


In 2001 he played what he described as â a physically repulsiveâ â Davies in Patrick Marber 's revival of Pinter 's The Caretaker , but he found the rehearsal period an unhappy experience , and felt that he had let down the author .

In 2001 he played what he described as `` a physically repulsive '' Davies in Patrick Marber 's revival of Pinter 's The Caretaker , but he found the rehearsal period an unhappy experience , and felt that he had let down the author .


Gambon is a qualified amateur pilot , and his love of cars led to his appearance on the BBC 's Top Gear program .

Gambon is a qualified private pilot and his love of cars led to his appearance on the BBC 's Top Gear program .


Hall called him â unsentimental , dangerous and immensely powerfulâ , even the Sunday Timesâ curmudgeonly critic of the day called his performance â a decisive step in the direction of great tragedy ... great actingâ , while fellow actors paid him the rare compliment of applauding him in the dressing room on the first night .

Hall called him `` unsentimental , dangerous and immensely powerful '' , even The Sunday Times curmudgeonly critic of the day called his performance `` a decisive step in the direction of great tragedy ... great acting '' , while fellow actors paid him the rare compliment of applauding him in the dressing room on the first night .


Gambon reprised the role of Albus Dumbledore in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire , which was released in November 2005 in the UK and U.S. .

Gambon reprised the role of Dumbledore in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire , which was released in November 2005 in the United Kingdom and the United States .


Gambon made his professional stage dÃ but in the Gaiety Theatre , Dublin 's 1962 production of Othello , playing `` Second Gentleman '' , followed by a European tour .

Gambon made his professional stage dÃ but in the Gate Theatre Dublin 's 1962 production of Othello , playing `` Second Gentleman '' , followed by a European tour .


Similarly , he has also stated in an interview that , when playing Dumbledore , `` I do n't have to play anyone really .

Similarly , he has also misled another interviewer to believe that , when playing Dumbledore , he does not `` have to play anyone really .


The couple have a son , Fergus , who appears as an expert on the BBC 's Antiques Roadshow .

They have one son , Fergus , an expert on the BBC 's Antiques Roadshow .


I never ease into a role â `` every part I play is just a variant of my own personality .

I never ease into a roleâ '' every part I play is just a variant of my own personality .


He returned to the role again in the fifth movie , Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix , which was released in 2007 . He will once again return to portray Dumbledore in film the sixth Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince .

He returned to the role again in the fifth film , 2007 's Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix , and the sixth film , Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince .


When the affair was revealed in 2002 , he moved out of the marital home , but rather than moving in with his lover , he bought himself a bachelor pad .

When the affair was revealed in 2002 , he moved out of the marital home and bought a bachelor pad .