Ray Ozzie ( born November 20 , 1955 ) is an American computer programmer . He is the `` Chief Software Architect '' ( the person in charge of programming ) at Microsoft .

Ray Ozzie ( born November 20 , 1955 ) is an American software industry entrepreneur who most recently served as the Chief Software Architect of Microsoft .


On 4 May , after four races , the team announced that Montagny would be replacing Ide as race driver . Ide 's Super Licence had been revoked after a clash with Christijan Albers .

On May 4 , after four races , the team announced that Montagny would be replacing Ide as race driver in the European Grand Prix and subsequent races , after Ide 's superlicence was revoked after a clash with Christijan Albers


Takuma Sato and Yuji Ide were the initial race drivers for the team in the 2006 season . Franck Montagny as the third driver .

Takuma Sato and Yuji Ide were the initial race drivers for the team in the 2006 season , with Franck Montagny as the third driver .


The team did not attend the final pre-season tests . Not all the parts had arrived .

The team then said that although it had canceled its attendance at the final pre-season tests because some parts had not arrived , it expected to compete at the first race of the 2008 season in Australia .


This lead to the start of Super Aguri F1 , and the engine supply from Honda .

This was influential in the creation of Super Aguri 's F1 project and the engine supply from Honda .


They were based in Tokyo , Japan . They operated from the former Arrows factory in Leafield , UK .

The team , founded by former F1 driver Aguri Suzuki , was based in Tokyo , Japan but operated from the former Arrows factory in Leafield , UK .


In Japan , public pressure convinced Honda to help its former driver Takuma Sato to continue in Formula One .

In Japan , public pressure persuaded Honda to help its former driver Takuma Sato to continue to compete in Formula One .


On 6 May 2008 , team founder and principal Aguri Suzuki announced that they were withdrawing from the 2008 World Championship due to financial problems . He said the breach of contract by SS United Group Oil & Gas Company resulting in the loss of financial backing .

On May 6 , 2008 , team founder and principal Aguri Suzuki announced that they are to withdraw from the 2008 FIA Formula One World Championship with immediate effect due to financial problems , citing the breach of contract by the promised partner SS United Group Oil & Gas Company resulting in the loss of financial backing as putting the team into financial difficulties .


Magma canceled their proposed purchase , leaving Super Aguri 's future in doubt .

However , Magma pulled out of their proposed takeover leaving Super Aguri 's future in doubt again .


Super Aguri 's equipment was denied entry to Istanbul Park for the Turkish Grand Prix . Honda Racing 's CEO Nick Fry reportedly told the race organizers that Super Aguri would not be taking part .

On arrival at the Istanbul Park for the 2008 Turkish Grand Prix , Super Aguri 's trucks and motorhomes were denied entry to the circuit , because Honda Racing CEO Nick Fry reportedly told the race organizers that Super Aguri would not be taking part .


Because they missed the initial registration , the team needed the existing ten teams to agree to its entry .

Having missed the initial registration , the team needed to convince the existing ten teams to unanimously agree to its entry .


Talks to start the team began in February 2005 , but it was not until September that plans started to take shape .


For , Super Aguri kept their drivers Takuma Sato and Anthony Davidson following the acquisition of an unspecified portion of the team by the Magma Group became a part owner of the team .

Super Aguri kept their 2007 drivers Takuma Sato and Anthony Davidson , following the acquisition of an unspecified portion of the team by the Magma Group .


In 2006 , the chassis , Super Aguri SA05 , was based on the 2002 Arrows A23 . The Arrows chassis was bought from ex-Minardi principal Paul Stoddart .

The chassis , SA05 , was based on the 2002 Arrows A23 , bought from ex-Minardi principal Paul Stoddart who purchased them when the Arrows team went into receivership .


Super Aguri F1 was a Formula One racing team that competed from to .

Super Aguri F1 was a Formula One team that competed from to .


The FIA did not approved Super Aguri 's entry . It was reported that the team failed to give the required $ 48 million entry bond on time .

However , the FIA 's official press release of the entry list for 2006 confirmed that it had not approved Super Aguri 's entry : this was reported to be due to the team 's failure to produce the required $ 48 million entry bond on time .


Nantua is a commune and subprefecture in the Ain department in eastern France .


Gary Twigg ( born March 19 , 1984 ) is a young footballer who plays as a striker and who had a stint in a couple of English clubs . He currently plays for Shamrock Rovers in Ireland and was top scorer in the 2009 league season .

Gary Twigg ( born 19 March 1984 in Glasgow ) is a Scottish footballer who currently plays for Shamrock Rovers in the League of Ireland .


A gramophone record ( also known as phonograph record , or simply record ) is an analog sound storage medium consisting of a flat disc with an inscribed modulated spiral groove usually starting near the periphery and ending near the center of the disc . When made of vinyl they were also known as vinyl records .

A gramophone record , commonly known as a phonograph record ( in American English ) , vinyl record ( in reference to vinyl ) , or colloquially , a record , is an analog sound storage medium consisting of a flat disc with an inscribed , modulated spiral groove .


Jacknife Lee is a music producer from Ireland who has worked with U2 , R.E.M. , Snow Patrol and Bloc Party .

Garret `` Jacknife '' Lee is an Irish music producer and mixer . He has worked with a variety of artists , including U2 , R.E.M. , Snow Patrol , Bloc Party , AFI , The Hives , Weezer , Vega4 and Editors .


G minor is a minor scale based on G , consisting of the pitches G , A , ( ( Bâ ( musical note ) B ) ) , C , D , E , and F. For the harmonic minor scale , the F is raised to F. Its relative major is B-flat major , and its parallel major is G major .


Though Mozart touched on various minor keys in his symphonies , G minor is the only minor key he used as a main key for his numbered symphonies ( No. 25 , and the famous No. 40 ) .


During the Baroque period , music in G minor was usually written with a one-flat key signature .

During the Baroque period music in G minor was usually written with a one-flat key signature , and some modern editions of that repertoire retain that convention .


Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart thought that G minor was the most suitable key for showing sadness and tragedy , and many of his minor key works are in G minor , such as the Piano Quartet No. 1 and the String Quintet in G minor .

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart considered G minor the key most suitable for expressing sadness and tragedy , and many of his minor key works are in G minor , such as the Piano Quartet No. 1 and the String Quintet in G minor .


G minor symphonies like Mozart 's No. 25 often used E flat major for the slow movement , including Haydn 's No. 39 and Vanhal 's G minor symphony from before 1771 ( Bryan Gm1 ) .

Another convention of G minor symphonies observed in Mozart 's No. 25 was the choice of E flat major for the slow movement , with other examples including Haydn 's No. 39 and Vanhal 's G minor symphony from before 1771 ( Bryan Gm1 ) .


It was the main medium used for panel painting and illuminated manuscripts in the Byzantine world and the Middle Ages in Europe , until it was replaced by oil painting as the most popular medium for large paintings .

The art technique was known from the classical world , where it appears to have taken over from encaustic painting and was the main medium used for panel painting and illuminated manuscripts in the Byzantine world and Medieval and Early renaissance Europe .


Nowadays , although oil paint and vinyl paint are much more common , some artists paint in tempera .

A paint which is commonly called tempera ( although it is not ) consisting of pigment and glue size is commonly used and referred to by some manufacturers in America as poster paint .


Tempera ( sometimes known as egg tempera ) is a type of artist 's paint .

Tempera , also known as egg tempera , is a permanent fast drying painting medium consisting of colored pigment mixed with a water-soluble binder medium ( usually a glutinous material such as egg yolk or some other size ) . Tempera also refers to the paintings done in this medium .


Tempera continued to be used for Christian religious paintings .

Tempera also refers to the paintings done in this medium .


Because tempera paintings take a long time to do , many of them are small .

Tempera also refers to the paintings done in this medium . Tempera paintings are very long lasting , and examples from the 1st centuries AD still exist .


It is still used for Orthodox icons . Some modern painters use tempera .

Tempera painting continues to be used in Greece and Russia where it is the required medium for Orthodox icons .


Nowadays , although oil paint and vinyl paint are much more common , some artists paint in tempera . One of the most famous tempera painters of the 20th century is Andrew Wyeth .

Around the year 1500 , oil paint replaced tempera in Italy .


Blood pressure is higher in arteries than it is in other blood vessels .

The mean BP , due to pumping by the heart and resistance to flow in blood vessels , decreases as the circulating blood moves away from the heart through arteries . Blood pressure drops most rapidly along the small arteries and arterioles , and continues to decrease as the blood moves through the capillaries and back to the heart through veins .


The diastolic pressure is the second number given in a blood pressure reading , and it is the pressure at the resting phase of the cardiac cycle ( when the heart is relaxing ) .

Diastolic pressure is minimum pressure in the arteries , which occurs near the beginning of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles are filled with blood .


Blood pressure is the pressure made by the blood inside blood vessels .

Blood pressure ( BP ) is the pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels , and is one of the principal vital signs .


Systolic pressure is the first number given in blood pressure readings . It is the peak pressure in the arteries during the cardiac cycle ( when the heart is pumping ) .

Systolic pressure is peak pressure in the arteries , which occurs near the end of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles are contracting .


Blood pressure is the pressure made by the blood inside blood vessels . Unless otherwise stated , `` blood pressure '' refers to systemic arterial blood pressure .

The term blood pressure usually refers to the pressure measured at a person 's upper arm .


The mean arterial pressure ( the average pressure ) and pulse pressure ( the difference between the systolic and diastolic ) are other important values .

In the past , most attention was paid to diastolic pressure ; but nowadays it is recognized that both high systolic pressure and high pulse pressure ( the numerical difference between systolic and diastolic pressures ) are also risk factors . In some cases , it appears that a decrease in excessive diastolic pressure can actually increase risk , due probably to the increased difference between systolic and diastolic pressures ( see the article on pulse pressure ) .


Physicists often discuss ideal test results that would occur in a perfect vacuum , which they simply call `` vacuum '' or `` free space '' , and use the term partial vacuum to refer to real vacuum . The Latin term in vacuo is also used to describe an object as being in what would otherwise be a vacuum .


A vacuum is a place where there is no matter . Sound can not move in a vacuum .

The quality of a vacuum refers to how closely it approaches a perfect vacuum .


Sound can not move in a vacuum . Outer space is not a perfect vacuum , because there is a very small number of particles there .

A perfect vacuum would be one with no particles in it at all , which is impossible to achieve in practice .


British Malaya is an area around the Malay Peninsula and Singapore Strait that was colonized by the British .

British Malaya loosely described a set of states on the Malay Peninsula and the Island of Singapore that were brought under British control between the 18th and the 20th centuries . Unlike the term `` British India '' , which excludes the Indian princely states , British Malaya is often used to refer to the Malay States under indirect British rule as well as the Straits Settlements that were under the sovereignty of the British Crown .


There were three parts to the British Malaya ; Straits Settlements , Federated Malay States , and the Unfederated Malay States .

Instead , British Malaya comprised the Straits Settlements ( including Singapore ) , the Federated Malay States and the Unfederated Malay States .


West Bergholt is a village and civil parish in Essex , England .

West Bergholt , formerly known as Bergholt Sackville , is a large rural village and civil parish in Essex , England , lying on the border with Suffolk , near to the ancient town of Colchester .


Chocolate chips are most common in cookies . Chocolate chips are also used in some cakes and other desserts .

These include bittersweet chocolate chips , peanut butter chips , butterscotch chips , mint chocolate chips , white chocolate chips , dark chocolate chips , milk chocolate chips , and white and dark swirled chocolate chips .


Chocolate chips are small pieces of chocolate . They are used to make desserts , usually in baking .

Because most chocolate chips are designed to retain their shape when baking , they contain less cocoa butter than baking chocolate .


Chocolate chips are small pieces of chocolate .

Originally , chocolate chips were made of semi-sweet chocolate , but today there are many flavors .


West Lafayette is a city of Indiana in the United States .

West Lafayette is part of the Lafayette , Indiana Metropolitan Statistical Area .


These include Kalasha-mun , Palula , Dameli , Gawar-Bati , Nuristani , Yidgha , Burushahski , Gujar , Wakhi , Kyrgyz , Persian and Pashto .

These include Kalasha-mun , Palula , Dameli , Gawar-Bati , Nuristani , Yidgha , Burushaski , Gujar , Wakhi , Kyrgyz , Persian and Pashto .


Colonel Biddulph ( Tribes of the Hindoo Koosh ) was amongst the first westerners to study Khowar and claimed that further research would prove Khowar to be equally derived from Zend ( Avestan , Old Persian ) and Sanskrit .

John Biddulph ( Tribes of the Hindoo Koosh ) was amongst the first westerners to study Khowar and claimed that further research would prove Khowar to be equally derived from Zend ( Avestan , Old Persian ) and Sanskrit .


Today Urdu and English are the official languages and the only major literary usage of Khowar is in writing poetry .

Today Urdu and English are the official languages and the only major literary usage of Khowar is in poetry composition .


Khowar , ( Ú Ú 3\/4 Ù Ø Ø ) also known as Chitrali , is a Dardic language spoken by 453,765 people in Chitral in Northwest Pakistan , in Yasin Valley and Gupis in neighboring Gilgit , and in parts of Upper Swat .

Khowar ( Ú Ú 3\/4 Ù Ø Ø ) , also known as Chitrali , is a Dardic language spoken by 400,000 people in Chitral in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa , in the Ghizer district of Gilgit-Baltistan ( including the Yasin Valley , Phandar Ishkoman and Gupis ) , and in parts of Upper Swat .


The African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus ) , also known as the Black-footed Penguin ( and formerly as the Jackass Penguin ) , is found on the south-western coast of Africa , living in colonies on 24 islands between Namibia and Algoa Bay , near Port Elizabeth , South Africa , with the largest colony on Dyer Island , near Kleinbaai .

The African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus ) , also known as the Black-footed Penguin , is found on the south-western coast of Africa , living in colonies on 24 islands between Namibia and Algoa Bay , near Port Elizabeth , South Africa .


Two colonies were established by penguins in the 1980s on the mainland near Cape Town at Boulders Beach near Simon 's Town and Stony Point in Betty 's Bay .

Two colonies were established by penguins in the 1980s on the mainland near Cape Town , namely Boulders Beach near Simon 's Town and Stony Point in Betty 's Bay .


The closest relatives of the African Penguins are the Humboldt and Magellanic penguins found in southern South America and the GalÃ pagos Penguin found in the Pacific Ocean near the equator .

The closest relatives of the African Penguins are the Humboldt Penguin and Magellanic Penguins found in southern South America and the GalÃ pagos Penguin found in the Pacific Ocean near the equator .


George Hamilton-Gordon , 4th Earl of Aberdeen , KG , KT , PC ( 28 January 1784 â `` 14 December 1860 ) was a Scottish Tory\/Peelite politician . He served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1852 until 1855 .

George Hamilton-Gordon , 4th Earl of Aberdeen KG , KT , FRS , PC ( 28 January 1784 â `` 14 December 1860 ) , styled Lord Haddo from 1791 to 1801 , was a Scottish politician , successively a Tory , Conservative and Peelite , who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1852 until 1855 .


The London Borough of Bexley is a London Borough in south east London .

The London Borough of Bexley lies to the south east of Greater London , one of those boroughs referred to as Outer London . It has common borders with the London Borough of Bromley to the south , the London Borough of Greenwich to the west and the River Thames is the northern boundary with the London Borough of Havering and the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham .


Adamson University is a private Roman Catholic university in Manila , Philippines .

Adamson University is a private Catholic university in Manila , Philippines , founded on June 30 , 1932 by Greek immigrant George Lucas Adamson as the Adamson School of Industrial Chemistry .


Caseneuve is a commune of 355 people ( 1999 ) . It is located in the region Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France .

Caseneuve is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur region in southeastern France .


Appa is a fictional flying bison in Nickelodeon 's animated television series Avatar : The Last Airbender .

Appa is a fictional character on the Nickelodeon animated television series Avatar : The Last Airbender and in the film The Last Airbender .


Dee Bradley Baker voices Appa in both the TV series and the film .


March is the third month of the year . It has 31 days .

March is the third month of the year in the Gregorian calendar , and one of the seven months which are 31 days long .


Belleair Beach is a city of Florida in the United States .


It is a science . It is a branch of biology , and is also called plant biology .

Botany , plant science ( s ) , or plant biology is a branch of biology that involves the scientific study of plant life .


Mu Kanazaki ( born 16 February 1989 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Nagoya Grampus Eight and Japan national team .

Mu Kanazaki is a Japanese football player who plays for J. League club Nagoya Grampus .


Menan is a city of Idaho in the United States .

Menan is a city in Jefferson County , Idaho , United States .


Le Mesnil-Benoist is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

Le Mesnil-Benoist is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .


Saint-F Ã lix-de-Foncaude is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France .

Saint-F Ã lix-de-Foncaude is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France .


His best known book was called Les Propheties ( The Prophecies ) and first appeared in 1555 .

He is best known for his book Les Propheties ( The Prophecies ) , the first edition of which appeared in 1555 .


Michel de Nostredame ( December 14 or December 21 , 1503 â `` July 2 , 1566 ) , also known as Nostradamus , was a French apothecary and allegedly a doctor . He is famous as a ` seer ' who wrote collections of prophecies that have since become famous around the world .

Michel de Nostredame ( 14 or 21 December 1503 â `` 2 July 1566 ) , usually Latinised to Nostradamus , was a French apothecary and reputed seer who published collections of prophecies that have since become famous worldwide .


Generally , the admins should NOT be contacted directly , unless they request your input .

Generally , each admin should NOT be contacted directly , unless they request your input .


In the past , Wikipedia has avoided the use of detailed maps or road maps , in favor of limited , blank maps which had mostly shaded areas to indicate general borders ( edges of regions ) , counties or provinces .

In the past , Wikipedia has avoided the use of detailed maps or road maps , in favor of limited , blank maps containing mostly shaded areas to indicate general borders , counties or provinces .


Since 18 September 2010 , the new-article rate on Simple Wikipedia is currently : per day , computed hourly ( current hour : ) , with the rate typically 15 % lower during the Spring months , but higher in August .

Since 1 January 2010 , the new-article rate is currently : per day , computed hourly ( current hour : ) , with the rate typically 15 % lower during the Spring months , but higher in August .


The Simple Wikipedia help pages ( at ) , which cover many wiki aspects , also link to the MediaWiki help pages ( under META : HELP ) about the underlying software and database servers that store the Wikipedia data .

The Wikipedia help pages ( at ) , which cover many wiki aspects , also link to the MediaWiki help pages ( under META : HELP ) about the underlying software and database servers that store the Wikipedia data .


For detailed discussions of the size of Wikipedia , see the English Wikipedia essay pages : : en : WP : Size of Wikipedia , or : en : WP : Modelling Wikipedia 's growth , or : en : WP : Modelling Wikipedia extended growth .

For detailed discussions of the size of Wikipedia , see the essay pages : , or , or .


In the past , large templates could only be used a few hundred times per page , such as when a template had the help-text documentation or several HTML comments .

Formerly , large templates could only be used a few hundred times per article , such as when a template contained the help-text documentation or several HTML comments .


Many articles about mathematics are monitored for very precise formatting standards .

Many articles about mathematics are monitored by for very precise formatting standards .


If multiple editors argue too much about some articles , the official ruling might not be a clear-cut decision of right\/wrong , but instead , all of those editors might be banned from changing those articles for 6 months ( or longer ) .

If multiple editors argue too much about some articles , the official ruling might not be a clear-cut decision of right\/wrong , but instead , all of those editors might be banned from editing those articles for 6 months ( or longer ) .


However , now any documentation text can be skipped by using '' '' at the sections to bypass .

However , now any documentation text can be skipped by using '' '' at the sections to skip .


As of March 2010 , local variables are still NOT allowed : is invalid ( Error : Unrecognised word `` x '' ) , although local variables would be trivial to implement for a college student .

As of February 2011 , local variables are still NOT allowed : is invalid ( Error : Unrecognised word `` x '' ) , although local variables would be trivial to implement for a college student .


Starting a fight usually hurts the good people the most , because their time is wasted as much as those who actively invent trouble .

Escalating a confrontation usually hurts the good guys the most , because their time is wasted as much as those who actively invent trouble .


The queue lines for reporting abuse are explained in the following page of Wikipedia policy topics , focused around the active list in the Administrators ' _ noticeboard .

The queues for reporting abuse are explained , at each link below , in the following table of Wikipedia policy topics , focused around the active list in the Administrators ' _ noticeboard .


Pages can access some of those size statistics by using specific variable-names ( see : ) : for example , the total articles is and total-users is in the variable : .

Pages can access those size statistics by using specific variable-names ( see : ) : for example , the total articles is and total-users is in the variable : .


Wikipedia pages are written in the MediaWiki markup language , which supports some HTML coding , and which also allows special coding for wikitables , infoboxes , navboxes , and templates ( see : HELP : Template ) .

Wikipedia pages are written in the MediaWiki markup language , which supports some HTML coding , such as or tags , but which also allows special coding for wikitables , infoboxes , navboxes , and templates ( see : HELP : Template or A quick guide to templates ) .


In 1970 , examinations performed on the relics suggested that the young man had been knifed in the back whilst riding his horse and had then been dragged along the ground by the terrified animal with his foot caught in a stirrup .

In 1970 , examinations performed on the relics suggested that the young man had died in the same manner as Edward .


King Edward the Martyr or Eadweard II ( c. 962 â `` March 18 , 978\/979 ) followed his father Edgar as King of England in 975 , but was murdered after a reign of only a few years .

Edward the Martyr ( Old English : Eadweard ) ( c. 962 â `` 18 March 978 ) was king of the English from 975 until he was murdered in 978 . Edward was the eldest son of King Edgar , but not his father 's acknowledged heir .


In about 1982 , Mr. Wilson-Claridge donated the relics to the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia , which placed them in a church in Brookwood Cemetery , in Woking , Surrey .

Mr. Wilson-Claridge wanted the relics to go to the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia .


During the sixteenth century , under King Henry VIII , monasteries were dissolved and many holy places were demolished , but St. Edward 's remains were hidden so as to avoid desecration .

During the sixteenth century , under King Henry VIII , the monasteries were dissolved and many holy places were demolished , but Edward 's remains were hidden so as to avoid desecration .


Modus tollendo tollens ( Latin : the way that denies by denying ) is a valid , simple argument form in classical logic sometimes referred to as denying the consequent .

It can also be referred to as denying the consequent , and is a valid form of argument , unlike similarly named but invalid arguments such as affirming the consequent or denying the antecedent . Modus tollens is sometimes confused with proof by contradiction or proof by contrapositive .


It is closely related to another valid form of argument , modus ponens or affirming the antecedent .

A related valid form of argument is modus ponens .


She starred in the comedy My Cousin Vinny in 1992 .

After appearing in a few films , her breakthrough came in 1992 with the comedy My Cousin Vinny , for which she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress .


Wim Jonk ( born 12 October 1966 ) is a former Dutch football player .

Wilhelmus `` Wim '' Maria Jonk ( born 12 October 1966 in Volendam ) is a retired Dutch footballer .


Naoya Umeda ( born 27 April 1978 ) is a Japanese football player .

Naoya Umeda ( born April 27 , 1978 in Aki District , Hiroshima ) is a Japanese football player .


These also receive power and data through the same cable . Power over ethernet does n't require changing the existing Ethernet cabling infrastructure .

Power over Ethernet or PoE technology describes a system to pass electrical power safely , along with data , on Ethernet cabling .


Marinho Chagas ( born 8 February , 1952 ) is a former Brazilian football player .

Marinho Chagas , real name Francisco das Chagas Marinho , ( born February 8 , 1952 in Natal ) is a Brazilian former football player .


Steinmeier was born in Detmold in 1956 .


In 2005 , he became the new Foreign Minister of Germany in the coalition cabinet of Angela Merkel . He became Vice Chancellor of Germany in 2007 .

He subsequently served as Foreign Minister ( 2005 â `` 2009 ) and Vice Chancellor ( 2007 â `` 2009 ) in the grand coalition government of Angela Merkel .


In 1982 , he passed his first exam . His second exam was completed and passed in 1986 .

In 1982 he passed his first and 1986 his second state examination in law .


Between 1986 to 1991 , he worked as assistant to the Doctor of Public Law and Political Science at the GieÃ en University . He obtained his Doctorate of Law in 1991 .

He worked as scientific assistant to the professor of public law and political science at the GieÃ en university , until he obtained his doctorate of law in 1991 .


After his abitur ( secondary school exam ) and his military service , he studied law in GieÃ en .

Following his Abitur , he served his military service from 1974 until 1976 . He then studied law and political science at the Justus-Liebig-Universit Ã t of GieÃ en .


The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region in Eurasia bordered on the south by Iran , on the southwest by Turkey , on the west by the Black Sea , on the east by the Caspian Sea , and on the north by Russia .

The Transcaucasus is bordered on the north by Russia , on the west by the Black Sea and Turkey , on the east by the Caspian Sea , and on the south by Iran .


The Caucasus Mountains are commonly known as a line between Asia and Europe , and the lands in Caucasia are different considered to be in one or both continents .

The lower portions of the Caucasus Mountains are situated in the Greater Middle East area . They are generally perceived to be a dividing line between Asia and Europe , and territories in Caucasia are alternately considered to be in one or both continents .


The highest peak in the Caucasus is Mount Elbrus ( 5,642 m ) which , in the western Ciscaucasus in Russia , is generally considered the highest point in Europe .

The highest peak in the Caucasus is Mount Elbrus ( 5,642 m ) in the western Ciscaucasus in Russia , which is the highest point in Europe ( according to the definitions of Europe as including Caucasus ) .


The Persian name for the region is QafqÃ cents z. Caucasia includes the Caucasus Mountains and surrounding lowlands .

It includes the Caucasus Mountains and surrounding lowlands .


A person who uses a sniper rifle in the military is called a sniper .

The military role of sniper ( a term derived from the snipe , a bird which was difficult to hunt and shoot ) dates back to the turn of the 18th century , but the true sniper rifle is a much more recent development .


Almost all sniper rifles use a sniper scope , a special telescope that allows them to see targets very far away .

Unlike police sniper rifles , military sniper rifles tend to be employed at the greatest possible distances so that range advantages like the increased difficulty to spot and engage the sniper can be exploited .


A sniper rifle is much more accurate than a normal rifle .

The rifle itself could be based on a standard rifle ( at first , a bolt-action rifle ) ; however , when fitted with a telescopic sight , it becomes a sniper rifle .


The center of Kotka is located at Kotkansaari island .

The city center of Kotka is located at Kotkansaari island .


Kotka ( literally eagle ) is a town in Finland .

Kotka ( literally eagle ) is a town and municipality of Finland .


A Voivodeship is one of 16 different divisions of land in Poland .

The administrative division of Poland in the interwar period included 16 voivodeships and Warsaw ( with voivodeship rights ) .


The current borders of the province date from 1994 when the Bantustans were destroyed and were put into the provinces of South Africa .

The current borders of the province date from 1994 when the Bantustans were abolished and included into the provinces of South Africa .


The Free State ( Afrikaans : Vrystaat , Sotho : Foreistata ; before 1995 , the Orange Free State ) is a province of South Africa .

The Free State ( , ; before 1995 , the Orange Free State ) is a province of South Africa .


It is also the only one of the older provinces of South Africa not to undergo border changes , not counting the incorporation of Bantustans .

It is also the only one of the former provinces of South Africa not to undergo border changes , excluding the incorporation of Bantustans .


Cigarettes and Valentines was going to be an album by Green Day .

Cigarettes and Valentines was an unreleased studio album from punk rock band Green Day that would have been the proper follow-up to 2000 's Warning .


It was recorded in the summer of 2003 , but after making 20 tracks , the master tapes were stolen from the studio .

In the summer of 2003 , the album was nearly finished when the master recordings of 20 tracks were stolen from the studio .


The Popish Plot was a story made up by Titus Oates that caused people to hate the Catholics in England between 1678 and 1681 .

The Popish Plot was a fictitious conspiracy concocted by Titus Oates that gripped England in anti-Catholic hysteria between 1678 and 1681 .


Oates said that there was a large Catholic conspiracy to kill Charles II . His story led to the execution of at least 15 men and caused the Exclusion Bill Crisis .

Oates alleged that there existed an extensive Catholic conspiracy to assassinate Charles II , accusations that led to the execution of at least 15 men and precipitated the Exclusion Bill Crisis .


It is made by mixing sulfuric acid , iron ( II ) sulfate , and an oxidizing agent like nitric acid or hydrogen peroxide together .

Iron ( III ) sulfate is produced on a large scale by reacting sulfuric acid , a hot solution of ferrous sulfate , and an oxidizing agent ( such as nitric acid or hydrogen peroxide ) .


PrÃ - en-Pail is a commune of 2 128 people ( 2004 ) . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France .

PrÃ - en-Pail is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France .


Hermippe is about 4 kilometres in diameter , and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 21,182,000 km in 629.809 days , at an inclination of 151 Â to the ecliptic ( 149 Â to Jupiter 's equator ) , with an eccentricity of 0.2290 .

Hermippe is about 4 kilometres in diameter , and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 21,182 Mm in 629.809 days , at an inclination of 151 Â to the ecliptic ( 149 Â to Jupiter 's equator ) , in a retrograde direction and with an eccentricity of 0.2290 .


Hermippe belongs to the Ananke group , retrograde non-spherical moons which orbit Jupiter between 19,300,000 and 22,700,000 km , at inclinations of about 150 Â .

Hermippe belongs to the Ananke group , retrograde irregular moons which orbit Jupiter between 19.3 and 22.7 Gm , at inclinations of roughly 150 Â .


It was found by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2001 , and given the designation ' .

It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2001 , and given the temporary designation ' .


Mount Pleasant is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan .

In 1879 the people of Mount Pleasant got their first library , The Library , Literary , and Musical Association of Mount Pleasant .


The Song Thrush is occasionally a host of parasitic cuckoos , but this is very rare because the thrush usually recognizes the cuckoo 's non-mimetic eggs .

The Song Thrush is occasionally a host of parasitic cuckoos , such as the Common Cuckoo , but this is very rare because the thrush recognizes the cuckoo 's non-mimetic eggs .


The Song Thrush ( Turdus philomelos ) is a member of the passerine songbird family Turdidae . It breeds across much of Eurasia .

The Song Thrush ( Turdus philomelos ) is a thrush that breeds across much of Eurasia .


She lays four or five bright glossy blue eggs which are lightly spotted with black or purple .

She lays four or five bright glossy blue eggs which are lightly spotted with black or purple ; they are typically 2.7 x 2.0 centimetres ( 0.79 x 1.06 in ) in size and weigh 6.0 grammes ( 0.21 oz ) , of which 6 % is shell .


The Song Thrush has brown upperparts and black-spotted cream or buff underparts , and has three recognized subspecies .

It has brown upperparts and black-spotted cream or buff underparts and has three recognized subspecies .


Although it is not threatened globally , there have been serious population declines in parts of Europe , probably due to changes in farming practices .

Although it is not threatened globally , there have been serious population declines in parts of Europe , possibly due to changes in farming practices .


However , he is not the youngest undisputed world champion because the traditional World Chess Championship was still held by Vladimir Kramnik .

However , he is not the youngest undisputed world champion due to the split of the World Chess Championship .


His result in the strong 2003 Corus tournament at Wijk aan Zee was not as good â `` despite having the third highest rating , he finished only joint eleventh out of fourteen players with 6\/13 , and at Linares the same year he finished only fifth out of seven with 5 Â 1\/2 \/ 12 .

His result in the strong 2003 Corus tournament at Wijk aan Zee was not as good - despite having the third highest Elo rating , he finished only joint eleventh out of fourteen players with 6\/13 , and at Linares the same year he finished only fifth out of seven with 5 Â 1\/2 \/ 12 .


There were plans for him to play a fourteen-game match against Kasparov in Yalta in September 2003 , the winner of which would go on to play the winner of a match between Kramnik and PÃ ter LÃ kÃ as part of the so-called `` Prague Agreement '' to reunify the World Chess Championship ( from 1993 until 2006 there were two world chess championships ) .

There were plans for him to play a fourteen-game match against Kasparov in Yalta in September 2003 , the winner of which would go on to play the winner of a match between Vladimir Kramnik and PÃ ter LÃ kÃ as part of the so-called `` Prague Agreement '' to reunify the World Chess Championship ( from 1993 until 2006 there were two world chess championships ) .


In 2002 he beat his fellow countryman Vassily Ivanchuk in the final of the FIDE World Championship 2002 by a score of 4 Â 1\/2 â `` 2 Â 1\/2 . This made him FIDE world champion at the age of 18 , the first teenager and youngest person to win this form of the title .

In 2002 he beat his fellow countryman Vassily Ivanchuk in the final of the FIDE World Chess Championship 2002 by a score of 4 Â 1\/2 -2 Â 1\/2 to become FIDE world champion at the age of 18 , the first teenager and youngest person to ever become FIDE world champion .


Pablo Gabriel GarcÃ a ( born 11 May 1977 ) is an Uruguayan football player . He plays for PAOK Thessaloniki .

Pablo Gabriel GarcÃ a PÃ rez ( born May 11 , 1977 in Pando , Canelones Department ) is a Uruguayan footballer who plays for PAOK F.C. in Greece , as a defensive midfielder .


Saint-Folquin is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .

Saint-Folquin is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .


Elma is a city of Iowa in the United States .

Elma is a city in Howard County , Iowa , United States .


He was crowned at Scone in November 1331 .

David and his Queen were crowned at Scone on 24 November 1331 .


At the age of five , David became King of Scotland after the death of his father on June 7 , 1329 .

David became King of Scots upon the death of his father on 7 June 1329 , aged 5 years , 3 months , and 3 days .


David II ( March 5 , 1324 -- February 22 , 1371 ) King of Scots , son of King Robert the Bruce by his second wife , Elizabeth de Burgh ( d. 1327 ) , was born at Dunfermline Palace , Fife .

David II was the elder and only surviving son of Robert I of Scotland and his second wife , Elizabeth de Burgh . He was born on 5 March 1324 at Dunfermline Palace , Fife .


The first pure alphabet emerged around 2000 BCE to represent the language of Semitic workers in Egypt , and was derived from the alphabetic principles of the Egyptian hieroglyphs .

The first consonantal alphabet found has emerged around 2000 BCE to represent the language of Semitic workers in Egypt ( see Middle Bronze Age alphabets ) , and was at least influenced by the alphabetic principles of the Egyptian hieratic script .


The first purely alphabetic script is thought to have been developed around 2000 BCE for Semitic workers in central Egypt .

The first purely alphabetic script is thought to have been developed around 1850 BCE for Semitic workers in the Sinai but giving mostly Egyptian glyphs Semitic values .


The history of the alphabet begins in Ancient Egypt , more than a millennium into the history of writing .

The history of the alphabet is believed to have begun in Ancient Egypt , more than a millennium into the history of writing .


Over the next 500 years it spread north , and all subsequent alphabets around the world have either descended from it , or been inspired by one of its descendants , with the possible exception of the Meroitic alphabet , a 3rd century BCE adaptation of hieroglyphs in Nubia to the south of Egypt .

Over the next five centuries it spread north , and all subsequent alphabets around the world have either descended from it , or been inspired by one of its descendants , with the possible exception of the Meroitic alphabet , a 3rd century BCE adaptation of hieroglyphs in Nubia to the south of Egypt - though even here many scholars suspect the influence of that first alphabet .


By 2700 BCE the ancient Egyptians had developed a set of some 22 hieroglyphs to represent the consonants of their language , plus a 23rd that seems to have represented word-initial or word-final vowels .

By 2700 BCE the ancient Egyptians had developed a set of some 22 hieroglyphs to represent the individual consonants of their language , plus a 23rd that seems to have represented word-initial or word-final vowels .


Most alphabets in the world today either descend directly from this development , for example the Greek and Latin alphabets , or were inspired by its design .

Nearly all alphabets in the world today either descend directly from this development or were inspired by its design .


U.S. Pistoiese 1921 is a football club which plays in Italy .

Unione Sportiva Pistoiese 1921 is an Italian association football club , based in Pistoia , Tuscany .


Gordini worked with Renault as an engine tuner . He sold his firm to Renault .

Gordini worked with Renault as an engine tuner and finally sold his firm to Renault which entered Renaultâ `` Gordini cars at the 24 Hours of Le Mans from 1962 until 1969 .


In November 2009 , Renault announced that it will bring back the Gordini name .

In November 2009 , Renault announced that it will be reviving the Gordini name for an exclusive line of hot hatches , similar to how Fiat revived Abarth . Announced in 2009 and expected for 2010 , new models bearing the Gordini stamp are about to broaden the available range from Renault in the compact sports vehicle segment .


Renault build sport versions of some models like the Dauphine , Renault 8 , and Renault 12 .

Gordini-badged sport versions were produced based on Renault models like the Renault Dauphine , Renault 8 , Renault 12 , Renault Twingo RS , Simca , ...


The firm was founded by AmÃ dÃ e Gordini . His nickname was `` Le Sorcier '' , which means `` The Sorcerer '' .

The firm was founded by AmÃ dÃ e Gordini nicknamed `` Le Sorcier '' ( The Sorcerer ) .


Ligeia Mare is a lake on Titan at 79.0 Â N , 248.0 Â W , measuring around 500 km in width .

Ligeia Mare is a lake composed of liquid hydrocarbons ( mainly methane ) on Titan at 79.0 Â N , 248.0 Â W , measuring approximately 500 km in diameter and with surface area of about ~ 100,000 km2 .


LaSalle is a city of Illinois in the United States .

LaSalle was named in honor of the early French explorer , Robert de LaSalle . In presettlement times the Illinois River was navigable upstream only to LaSalle ; beyond LaSalle were a series of portages , in which boats had to be carried around rapids .


After the Reunification of Germany in October 3 , 1990 , the Berlin Wall was demolished and taken away .

The fall of the Wall was the first step toward German reunification , which was formally concluded on 3 October 1990 .


In October 1989 mass demonstrations against the government in East Germany began . The long-time leader , Erich Honecker , resigned and was replaced by Egon Krenz a few days later .

The longtime leader of East Germany , Erich Honecker , resigned on 18 October 1989 and was replaced by Egon Krenz a few days later .


Honecker had predicted in January 1989 that the wall would stand for a `` hundred more years '' if the conditions which had caused its construction did not change .

Honecker had predicted in January of that year that the wall would stand for a `` hundred more years '' if the conditions that had caused its construction did not change .


Philately is the study and collection of postage stamps .

Philately is the study of stamps and postal history and other related items . Philately involves more than just stamp collecting , which does not necessarily involve the study of stamps .


It does not count the votes they got during the final Tribal Council .

It does not include the votes received during the final Tribal Council .


During a reward trip , player and future runner-up Colby Donaldson broke an Australian law by breaking off coral from the Great Barrier Reef which could have gave him a fine of AU$ 110,000 .

During a reward trip , contestant and eventual runner-up Colby Donaldson broke an Australian law by breaking off coral from the Great Barrier Reef which could have resulted in a fine of AU$ 110,000 .


The helicopter pilot in the reward trip also broke an Australian law as he flew over sea bird rookeries .

The helicopter pilot involved in the reward trip also broke an Australian law as he flew over sea bird rookeries .


Brkich won against fellow player and future husband Rob `` Boston Rob '' Mariano who had played before in the series ' fourth season , Survivor : Marquesas in a 4-3 vote .

Brkich defeated fellow competitor and future husband Rob `` Boston Rob '' Mariano who had previously competed in the series ' fourth season , Survivor : Marquesas in a 4-3 vote .


While trying to start a fire , Skupin breathed in smoke and fainted , falling into the fire getting really bad burns to his hands .

While stoking the fire , Skupin breathed in smoke and momentarily fainted , falling into the fire and suffering severe burns to his hands .


Colby and Jeff were tied 5-5 at Tribal Council and in earlier Tribal Councils , Jeff had two votes , therefore , Jeff was eliminated

Colby and Jeff were tied 5-5 at Tribal Council and in a Tribal Council countback Colby had no previous votes , but Jeff had two ; therefore , Jeff was eliminated


Because of his removal , there was no Immunity Challenge , so there was no Tribal Council .

Due to his evacuation , the Immunity Challenge was canceled , and no Tribal Council was held .


She , Tina Wesson , Colby Donaldson , Jerri Manthey , Alicia Calaway and Amber Brkich were asked to return in Survivor : All-Stars .

She , Tina Wesson , Colby Donaldson , Jerri Manthey , Alicia Calaway and Amber Brkich were invited to participate in Survivor : All-Stars .


The winner , Tina Wesson , was announced on May 3 , 2001 where she won against Colby Donaldson by a vote of 4-3 .

The winner , Tina Wesson , was announced on May 3 , 2001 where she defeated Colby Donaldson by a vote of 4-3 .


Keith and Mitchell were tied 3-3 at Tribal Council . In earlier Tribal Councils , Keith had no votes , but Mitchell had one ; so he was eliminated .

Keith and Mitchell were tied 3-3 at Tribal Council and in a Tribal Council countback Keith had no previous votes , but Mitchell had one ; therefore , he was eliminated .


After being cared for by medical personnel , a helicopter was brought in and Skupin was removed from the game .

After being cared for by medical personnel , a helicopter was brought in and Skupin was evacuated .


She wanted to focus on The View , while Wesson , Donaldson , Manthey , Calaway , and Brkich placed 18th , 12th , 10th , 7th , and 1st . Brkich won against fellow player and future husband Rob `` Boston Rob '' Mariano who had played before in the series ' fourth season , Survivor : Marquesas in a 4-3 vote .

Wesson , Donaldson , Manthey , and Calaway would finish 18th , 12th , 10th , and 7th , respectively , while Brkich would go on to defeat Rob Mariano 4-3 in the final two to win .


After the show , fourth-place finisher Elisabeth Filarski went on to co-host talk show The View .

After the show , fourth-place finisher Elisabeth Filarski went on to co-host The View .


Because of this , the Ogakor and Kucha tribes merged ( combined ) with the same number of tribe members , instead of the possible six to four ( which would have happened if Ogakor lost the Immunity Challenge and gone to Tribal Council ) .

As a result , the Ogakor and Kucha tribes merged with an equal number of tribe members , instead of the possible six to four ( had Ogakor lost the Immunity Challenge and gone to Tribal Council ) .


On Day 17 Michael fell into a fire and had to be removed due to injuries , as a result he was the sixth person to leave the game meaning no Tribal Council was held .

On Day 17 Michael fell into a fire and had to be evacuated due to injuries , as a result he was the sixth person to leave the game meaning no Tribal Council was held .


It was filmed at Goshen Station in northern Queensland during 2000 and was shown on TV from January 28 , 2001 to May 3 , 2001 on CBS .

Filming took place at Goshen Station in northern Queensland during 2000 and aired from January 28 , 2001 to May 3 , 2001 on CBS .


The location used was within a three hour drive from the city of Cairns and was in a wet , sub-tropical area .

The location used was within a three hour drive of the coastal city of Cairns and located in a wet , tropical area .


She wanted to focus on The View , while Wesson , Donaldson , Manthey , Calaway , and Brkich placed 18th , 12th , 10th , 7th , and 1st .

Filarski was the only one to turn the opportunity down in order to focus on The View , while Wesson , Donaldson , Manthey , Calaway , and Brkich placed 18th , 12th , 10th , 7th , and 1st respectively .


The elimination of player Michael Skupin during the sixth episode is well-known for being the first case where a Survivor player has had to be removed because of an injury .

The elimination of contestant Michael Skupin during the sixth episode is noteworthy for being the first case where a Survivor contestant has had to be evacuated due to injuries .


Survivor : The Australian Outback was the second season of the United States reality show Survivor .

Survivor : The Australian Outback ( also called Survivor : Australia in later seasons ) is the second season of the United States reality show Survivor .


Cells that lack F plasmids are called F-negative or F-minus ( F - ) and can function as recipient cells .

Cells that lack F plasmids are called F-negative or F-minus ( F - ) and as such can function as recipient cells .


The F-plasmid is an episome ( a plasmid that can integrate itself into the bacterial chromosome ) with a length of about 100,000 base pairs .

The F-plasmid is an episome ( a plasmid that can integrate itself into the bacterial chromosome by homologous recombination ) with a length of about 100 kb .


These genes turn plant cells into factories producing chemicals used by the bacteria for nitrogen and energy .

The expression of these genes effectively transforms the plant cells into opine-producing factories . Opines are used by the bacteria as sources of nitrogen and energy .


Infected cells form crown galls or root tumors , respectively .

Infected cells form crown gall or root tumors , respectively .


There can only be one copy of the F-plasmid in a given bacterium , either free or integrated , and bacteria that possess a copy are called F-positive or F-plus ( denoted F + ) .

There can only be one copy of the F-plasmid in a given bacterium , either free or integrated , and bacterium that possess a copy are called F-positive or F-plus ( denoted F + ) .


Conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer , as are transformation and transduction , though these two other mechanisms do not involve cell-to-cell contact .

Discovered in 1946 by Joshua Lederberg and Edward Tatum , conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer as are transformation and transduction although these two other mechanisms do not involve cell-to-cell contact .


Conjugation has advantages over other forms of genetic transfer .

Conjugation has advantages over other forms of genetic transfer including minimal disruption of the target 's cellular envelope and the ability to transfer relatively large amounts of genetic material ( see the above discussion of E. coli chromosome transfer ) .


The basic conjugative plasmid is the F-plasmid , or F-factor .

The prototypical conjugative plasmid is the F-plasmid , or F-factor .


In laboratories successful transfers have been reported from bacteria to yeast , plants , mammalian cells , and isolated mammalian mitochondria .

In laboratories successful transfers have been reported from bacteria to yeast , plants , mammalian cells and isolated mammalian mitochondria .


Bacterial conjugation is often incorrectly regarded as the equivalent of sexual reproduction , since it involves the exchange of genetic material .

Bacterial conjugation is often incorrectly regarded as the bacterial equivalent of sexual reproduction or mating since it involves the exchange of genetic material .


Buttocks can also be called a `` butt '' . Another word for buttocks that some consider to be offensive is `` ass '' .

For more slang terms for the buttocks , see WikiSaurus : buttocks â '' the WikiSaurus list of synonyms and slang words for buttocks in many languages .


Buttocks can also be called a `` butt '' .

The English word of Greek origin `` callipygian '' indicates someone who has beautiful buttocks . However , the qualities that make buttocks beautiful or well-formed are not fixed , as sexual aesthetics of the buttocks vary considerably from culture to culture , from one period of fashion to another and even from person to person .


Their correct name was tokubetsu kÅ geki tai ( ç å æ '' '' æ ' é ) , which literally means `` special attack unit . ''

In Japanese , the formal term used for units carrying out suicide attacks during 1944 â `` 45 is tokubetsu kÅ geki tai ( ç å æ '' '' æ ' é ) , which literally means `` special attack unit '' .


In the final moments before the crash , the pilot was to shout `` Hissatsu ! ''

In the final moments before the crash , the pilot was to yell `` Hissatsu '' at the top of his lungs which roughly translates to `` sink without fail '' .


On July 15 , Saipan ( in the Northern Mariana Islands ) was captured by Allied forces .

The important Japanese base of Saipan fell to the Allied forces on July 15 , 1944 .


After the fall of Saipan , the Japanese commanders knew that the Allies would try to capture the Philippines next . The Philippines were very important because they were located between the oil fields of Southeast Asia and Japan .

After the fall of Saipan , the Japanese high command predicted that the Allies would try to capture the Philippines , which were strategically important because of their location between the oilfields of Southeast Asia and Japan .


The Special Attack force was organized into 4 groups , Unit Shikishima , Unit Yamato , Unit Asahi , and Unit Yamazakura .

The names of four sub-units within the Kamikaze Special Attack Force were Unit Shikishima , Unit Yamato , Unit Asahi , and Unit Yamazakura .


Some important military men who survived the war criticized the kamikaze plan years after . Saburo Sakai , a war time ace pilot said : A kamikaze is a surprise attack , according to our ancient war tactic .

`` A kamikaze is a surprise attack , according to our ancient war tactics .


This is usually abbreviated tokkÅ tai ( ç æ '' '' é ) in a shortened form .

This is usually abbreviated to tokkÅ tai ( ç æ '' '' é ) .


In a 2004 book , World War II , the historians Wilmott , Cross & Messenger say that more than 70 U.S. ships were `` sunk or damaged beyond repair '' by kamikazes .

In a 2004 book , World War II , the historians Wilmott , Cross and Messenger stated that more than 70 U.S. vessels were `` sunk or damaged beyond repair '' by kamikazes .


These names were taken from a patriotic poem ( waka or tanka ) , written by the Japanese classical poet , Motoori Norinaga : `` Shikishima no Yamato-gokoro wo hito towaba , asahi ni niou yamazakura bana '' ( æ å ã å å ' å ã ' ä å ã ã æ æ -- ã `` å ã å æ è ) .

These names were taken from a patriotic poem ( waka or tanka ) , Shikishima no Yamato-gokoro wo hito towaba , asahi ni niou yamazakura bana by the Japanese classical scholar , Motoori Norinaga .


The tokkÅ tai pilot 's manual told pilots to never close their eyes .

The tokkÅ tai pilot 's manual told pilots never to close their eyes .


This was because if a pilot closed his eyes he would miss his target .

This was because if a pilot closed his eyes he would lower the chances of hitting his target .


The high point of kamikaze attacks came from April 6 to May 25 , 1945 during the Battle of Okinawa , in Operation Kikusui ( `` floating chrysanthemums '' ) .

The peak in kamikaze attacks came during the period of Aprilâ `` June 1945 , at the Battle of Okinawa . On April 6 , 1945 , waves of planes made hundreds of attacks in Operation Kikusui ( `` floating chrysanthemums '' ) .


The suicide attacks made by Navy pilots were called shinpÅ `` tokubetsu kÅ geki tai ( ç é cents ç å æ '' '' æ ' é , `` divine wind special attack units '' ) .

More specifically , air suicide attack units from the Imperial Japanese Navy were officially called shinpÅ `` tokubetsu kÅ geki tai ( ç é cents ç å æ '' '' æ ' é , `` divine wind special attack units '' ) .


Saint-Ciers-d ` Abzac is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France .

Saint-Ciers-d ` Abzac is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France .


The Post Office was established on May 24 , 1897 , and was named after the Koweta Mission .

The Post Office was established on May 24 , 1897 , and took its name from Koweta Mission .


In 1867 after the Civil War , the Creek Indians adopted a constitution which divided there nation into six districts .

In 1867 after the Civil War , the Creek Indians adopted a constitution which divided their nation into six districts .


Along with the arrival of the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad , Cowetaâ s first newspaper , The Courier , was started , the first school was built , and a telephone line was put in .

Along with the arrival of the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad , Cowetaâ s first newspaper , The Courier , was started , the first school was built , and a telephone line was installed .


The political center of this district was located in a log courthouse on Coweta Creek , about a one-fourth of a mile west from the modern day center of the downtown Coweta .

The political center of this district was located in a log courthouse on Coweta Creek , about a quarter mile west from the modern day center of the downtown Coweta .


Coweta is a city in Wagoner County , Oklahoma and is a suburb of Tulsa .

Coweta is a city in Wagoner County , Oklahoma , United States and is a suburb of Tulsa .


Partnered with Mahesh Bhupathi , she won the mixed doubles title beating Nathalie Dechy ( France ) and Andy Ram ( Israel ) 6-3 , 6-1 in the final in Melbourne .

Partnered with Mahesh Bhupathi , she beat Nathalie Dechy ( France ) and Andy Ram ( Israel ) 6 â `` 3 , 6 â `` 1 in the final in Melbourne .


She also lost in the second round of the doubles event ( partnering Francesca Schiavone ) to Shahar Peer and Gisela Dulko .

She also lost in the second round of the doubles event ( partnering Francesca Schiavone ) to Shahar Pe ` er and Gisela Dulko .


Throughout 2008 , Mirza was plagued by a slew of wrist injuries , requiring her to withdraw from several matches and the Roland Garros and US Open Grand Slams .

Throughout 2008 , Mirza was plagued by a slew of wrist injuries , requiring her to withdraw from several matches including those of the Roland Garros and US Open Grand Slams .


She withdrew from Pattaya City because of a left adductor strain .

She withdrew from the Pattaya Open because of a left adductor strain .


She reached the third round at the Australian Open as No. 31 seed , where she lost to No. 8 seed Venus Williams 7-6 ( 0 ) 6-4 , having led 5-3 in the first set .

She reached the third round at the Australian Open as No. 31 seed , where she lost to No. 8 seed Venus Williams 7 â `` 6 ( 0 ) 6 â `` 4 , having led 5 â `` 3 in the first set .


But in mixed doubles Sania Mirza picked up her first Grand Slam title at the 2009 Australian Open .


In 2005 , Mirza reached the third round of the Australian Open , losing to the champion Serena Williams .

In 2005 , Mirza reached the third round of the Australian Open , losing to eventual champion Serena Williams .


Mirza defeated Anna-Lena Gronefeld in the first round of the 2009 Wimbledon Championships .

Mirza defeated Anna-Lena GrÃ nefeld in the first round of the 2009 Wimbledon Championships .


She was runner-up in the Australian Open mixed doubles partnering Mahesh Bhupathi . Sun Tiantian and Nenad ZimonjiÄ ) won the final 7 â `` 6 ( 4 ) , 6 â `` 4 .

She was runner-up in the Australian Open mixed doubles partnering Mahesh Bhupathi where they lost 7 â `` 6 ( 4 ) , 6 â `` 4 to Sun Tiantian and Nenad ZimonjiÄ .


Mirza was born to Imran Mirza , a sports journalist and his wife Nasima in Mumbai , India .

Mirza was born to Imran Mirza , a sports journalist , and his wife Nasima in Mumbai , Maharashtra .


Playing in the U.S Open , she defeated Olga Govortsova in the first round but lost 6-0 , 6-0 to 10th seed Flavia Pennetta of Italy .

Playing in the U.S Open , she defeated Olga Govortsova in the first round but lost 6 â `` 0 , 6 â `` 0 to 10th seed Flavia Pennetta of Italy .


Sania Mirza , born November 15 , 1986 , is an Indian tennis player .

Sania Mirza , ( born 15 November 1986 ) is a professional Indian tennis player .


Sun Tiantian and Nenad ZimonjiÄ ) won the final 7 â `` 6 ( 4 ) , 6 â `` 4 .

At Osaka , Mirza won her first round match against 5th seed Shahar Pe ` er 3 â `` 6 , 6 â `` 3 , 6 â `` 4 . Mirza then defeated Viktoriya Kutuzova 6 â `` 4 , 6 â `` 3 and in the quarterfinal she defeated 2nd seed Marion Bartoli 6 â `` 4 , 2 â `` 0 by retirement .


She also reached the final of the ITF event in Vancouver but lost to Stephanie Dubois of Canada .

She also reached the final of the ITF event in Vancouver but lost to StÃ phanie Dubois of Canada .


In 2004 she was given the Arjuna award by the Indian Government .

In 2004 she was awarded the Arjuna award by the Indian Government .


She was brought up in Hyderabad in a Muslim family .

She was brought up in Hyderabad in a religious family .


On February 12 , 2005 , she became the first Indian woman to win a WTA singles title , beating Alyona Bondarenko of Ukraine in the Hyderabad Open Finals .

On 12 February 2005 , she became the first Indian woman to win a WTA singles title , defeating Alona Bondarenko of Ukraine in the Hyderabad Open Finals .


Mirza married Pakistani cricketer Shoaib Malik on April 12 , 2010 .

Mirza married Pakistani cricketer Shoaib Malik on 12 April 2010 .


Every year it broadcasts the BBC Proms concerts during the summer .

All BBC Proms concerts are broadcast live on Radio 3 , and all concerts performed by the BBC orchestras and BBC Singers are also broadcast , either live or recorded .


A serve ( sometimes called a service ) in tennis is a shot to start a point .

A serve ( or , more formally , a service ) in tennis is a shot to start a point .


It may be performed underhand or overhead .

Players typically serve overhead , but serving underhand , although rare , is allowed .


The serve is usually started by tossing the ball into the air and hitting it ( usually near the top of its path in the air ) into the diagonally opposite service box without touching the net .

A player begins a serve by tossing the ball into the air and hitting it ( usually near the highest point of the toss ) into the diagonally opposite service box without being stopped by the net .


The serve is the only shot where a player can take his time to set up , instead of having to react to an opponent 's shot .

The serve is the only shot a player can take their time to set up instead of having to react to an opponent 's shot .


NSE principally operated commuter trains in the London area and inter-urban services in densely populated South East England .

NSE principally operated commuter trains in the London area and inter-urban services in densely populated South East England , although the network reached as far west as Exeter .


Koji Arimura ( born 25 August 1976 ) is a former Japanese football player .

Koji Arimura is a retired Japanese footballer .


Giulio Romano ( c. 1499 -- November 1 , 1546 ) was an Italian painter and architect .

Giulio Romano ( c. 1499 -- 1 November 1546 ) was an Italian painter and architect .


He was a pupil of Raphael , his stylistic deviations from high Renaissance classicism help define the 16th-century style known as Mannerism .

A pupil of Raphael , his stylistic deviations from high Renaissance classicism help define the 16th-century style known as Mannerism .


Pikeville is a city of Kentucky in the United States .

Three high schools are served by the Pikeville post office , but only Pikeville High is located in the city of Pikeville .


On a visit to London , Isabella was introduced to Samuel Beeton who had become a publisher of books and popular magazines .

On a visit to London , Isabella was introduced to Samuel Beeton , who had become a publisher of books and popular magazines .


In 1859 â `` 1861 , she wrote something every month for The Englishwoman 's Domestic Magazine .

In 1859 â `` 1861 , she wrote a monthly supplement to The Englishwoman 's Domestic Magazine .


The book was very well known as Mrs Beeton 's Book of Household Management , it was a guide to running a Victorian household , with advice on fashion , childcare , animal husbandry , poisons , the management of servants , science , religion , and industrialism .

Popularly known as Mrs Beeton 's Book of Household Management , it was a guide to running a Victorian household , with advice on fashion , childcare , animal husbandry , poisons , the management of servants , science , religion , and industrialism .


In December of that year their son became sick with scarlet fever while on holiday in Brighton .

In December of that year their son was taken ill with scarlet fever while on holiday in Brighton .


Isabella Mary Beeton ( maiden name Mayson ; 12 March 1836 â `` 6 February 1865 ) , known around the world as Mrs Beeton , was the English author of Mrs Beeton 's Book of Household Management , and is one of the most famous cookbook writers .

Isabella Mary Beeton ( nÃ e Mayson ) ( 12 March 1836 â `` 6 February 1865 ) , universally known as Mrs Beeton , was the English author of Mrs Beeton 's Book of Household Management , and is one of the most famous cookery writers .


It is said that many of the recipes were actually taken from earlier writers ( including Eliza Acton ) , but the Beetons never claimed that the book 's contents were original .

It is said that many of the recipes were actually plagiarised from earlier writers ( including Eliza Acton ) , but the Beetons never claimed that the book 's contents were original .


Her father , Benjamin Mayson , died when she was young and her mother , Elizabeth Jerram later married Henry Dorling , who was a widower and he had four children of his own .

Her father , Benjamin Mayson , died when she was young and her mother , Elizabeth Jerram , later married Henry Dorling , who was a widower and had four children of his own .


Isabella was sent to school in Heidelberg , Germany , where she became a very good pianist . When she finished school , she went back to Epsom .

Isabella was sent to school in Heidelberg , Germany , for two years where she became an accomplished pianist and afterwards returned to Epsom .


The book had 1,112 pages , and over 900 of the pages were recipes . Because many of the pages were recipes , it became known as Mrs Beeton 's Cookbook .

Of the 1,112 pages , over 900 contained recipes , such that another popular name for the volume is Mrs Beeton 's Cookbook .


Even after the move to Epsom the two mothers of Samuel and Isabella kept talking to one another .

Even after the move to Epsom their two mothers had kept in touch .


The day after the birth of her fourth child , in January 1865 , Isabella became sick with puerperal fever .

The day after the birth of her fourth child , in January 1864 , Isabella contracted puerperal fever .


She died a week later at the age of 28 .


Most of the recipes were illustrated with colored pictures , and it was the first book to show recipes in a way that is still used today .

Most of the recipes were illustrated with colored engravings , and it was the first book to show recipes in a format that is still used today .


In September 1859 , another son was born , and his name was also Samuel Orchart .

In September 1859 , their second son , also named Samuel Orchart , was born .


Her husband lived for another twelve years and he died of tuberculosis in June 1877 at the age of 46 .

Her widower lived for another twelve years and died of tuberculosis in June 1877 at the age of 46 .


It was supposed to be a guide of reliable information for the middle class people .

It was intended as a guide of reliable information for the aspirant middle classes .


During Isabella 's time in Hatch End she began to write articles on cooking and how to manage a house for her husband 's publications .

During her time in Hatch End Isabella began to write articles on cooking and household management for her husband 's publications .


In October 1861 , the writings were published as a single book , The Book of Household Management Comprising information for the Mistress , Housekeeper , Cook , Kitchen-Maid , Butler , Footman , Coachman , Valet , Upper and Under House-Maids , Ladyâ s-Maid , Maid-of-all-Work , Laundry-Maid , Nurse and Nurse-Maid , Monthly Wet and Sick Nurses , etc. etc. â '' also Sanitary , Medical , & Legal Memoranda : with a History of the Origin , Properties , and Uses of all Things Connected with Home Life and Comfort .

On December 25 , 1861 , the supplements were published as a single volume , The Book of Household Management Comprising information for the Mistress , Housekeeper , Cook , Kitchen-Maid , Butler , Footman , Coachman , Valet , Upper and Under House-Maids , Ladyâ s-Maid , Maid-of-all-Work , Laundry-Maid , Nurse and Nurse-Maid , Monthly Wet and Sick Nurses , etc. etc. â '' also Sanitary , Medical , & Legal Memoranda : with a History of the Origin , Properties , and Uses of all Things Connected with Home Life and Comfort .


Both Isabella and her husband are buried in south London at West Norwood Cemetery under a simple headstone .

Both are buried at West Norwood Cemetery in south London under a simple headstone .


Mrs Beeton is described better as the books compiler and editor than as its author , because many of the passages were not in her own words .

Mrs Beeton is perhaps described better as its compiler and editor than as its author , many of the passages clearly being not her own words .


Their first child , Samuel Orchart , was born in May 1857 but he died of croup in August of that year .

Their first child , Samuel Orchart , was born in May 1857 but died of croup in August of that year .


Fishkill is a community in Dutchess County , New York , United States .

Fishkill is an affluent suburban town in the southwest part of Dutchess County , New York , USA .


The Hawaiian language ( Hawaiian : Ê '' Å lelo HawaiÊ '' i ) is the language of native Hawaiians .

In Hawaiian , Å lelo Hawaii means `` Hawaiian language '' , as adjectives follow nouns .


Brazzaville is the capital city of the Republic of the Congo .

Brazzaville is the capital and largest city of the Republic of the Congo and is located on the Congo River .


Maurits Cornelis Escher ( June 17 1898 â `` March 27 1972 ) , usually referred to as M. C. Escher , was a Dutch graphic artist .

Maurits Cornelis Escher ( 17 June 1898 â `` 27 March 1972 ) , usually referred to as M.C. Escher ( Ë É Ê É r , ) , was a Dutch graphic artist .


He is known for his often mathematically inspired woodcuts , lithographs and mezzotints .

He is known for his often mathematically inspired woodcuts , lithographs , and mezzotints .


These feature impossible constructions , explorations of infinity , architecture and tessellations .

These feature impossible constructions , explorations of infinity , architecture , and tessellations .


Huetter is a city of Idaho in the United States .

Huetter is a city in Kootenai County , Idaho , United States .


For the Ecumenical Council of 451 , see Council of Chalcedon .

The Fourth Ecumenical Council , known as the Council of Chalcedon , was convened in 451 .


Shigemi Ishi ( born 7 July 1951 ) is a former Japanese football player .

Shigemi Ishi ( born July 7 , 1951 ) is a former Japanese football player .


Interstate 16 is an Interstate Highway in the state of Georgia in the United States .

Interstate 16 ( I-16 ) , also known as Jim Gillis Historic Savannah Parkway or State Route 404 , is an intrastate Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Georgia , United States .


It brings some things from a lunar calendar with some from a solar calendar .

Another name for the Chinese calendar is the `` Yin Calendar '' in reference to the lunar aspect of the calendar , whereas the Gregorian calendar is the `` Yang Calendar '' in reference to its solar properties .


The Chinese calendar is a lunisolar calendar .

The Chinese calendar year has nine main festivals , seven determined by the lunisolar calendar , and two derived from the solar agricultural calendar . ( Farmers actually used a solar calendar , and its twenty-four terms , to determine when to plant crops , due to the inaccuracy of the lunisolar traditional calendar .


Today in China the Gregorian calendar is used for most activities . The Chinese calendar is still used for traditional Chinese holidays like Chinese New Year , Duan Wu festival , and the Mid-Autumn Festival .

In most of East Asia today , the Gregorian calendar is used for day-to-day activities , but the Chinese calendar is still used for marking traditional East Asian holidays such as the Chinese New Year ( the Spring Festival ) , the Duan Wu festival , and the Mid-Autumn Festival , and in astrology , such as choosing the most auspicious date for a wedding or the opening of a building .


The Chinese calendar is a lunisolar calendar . It brings some things from a lunar calendar with some from a solar calendar .

The Chinese calendar is a lunisolar calendar , incorporating elements of a lunar calendar with those of a solar calendar .


It brings some things from a lunar calendar with some from a solar calendar . Today in China the Gregorian calendar is used for most activities .

However , the traditional calendar has also come to be known as the agricultural calendar . )


It is also used to determine the phases of the moon . This is because one month is one cycle of the moon .

Because each month follows one cycle of the moon , it is also used to determine the phases of the moon .


Joanne Gignilliat Trimmier Woodward ( born February 27 , 1930 ) is an American actress .

Joanne Gignilliat Trimmier Woodward ( born February 27 , 1930 ) is an American actress , television and theatrical producer , and widow of Paul Newman .


In 1992 Eddie Hazel died from internal bleeding and his liver failed .

On December 23 , 1992 , Hazel died from internal bleeding and liver failure .


Edward Earl `` Eddie '' Hazel ( April 10 , 1950 â `` December 23 , 1992 ) was a guitarist most famous for working with Parliament-Funkadelic .

Edward Earl `` Eddie '' Hazel ( April 10 , 1950 â `` December 23 , 1992 ) was a guitarist in early funk music in the United States who played lead guitar with Parliament-Funkadelic .


In 1974 , Hazel was arrested for hitting an airplane stewardess as well as a drug charge .

In 1974 , Hazel was indicted for assaulting an airline stewardess and an air marshall , along with a drug possession charge .


The song `` Maggot Brain '' was played at his funeral .


Maggot Brain is famous song by Parliament-Funkadelic and has a ten-minute guitar solo which is one of Hazel 's most famous guitar songs .

The third album 's title song , `` Maggot Brain '' , consists of a ten-minute guitar solo by Hazel .


Eddie Hazel is listed at 43 in Rolling Stone Magazine 's `` 100 Greatest Guitarists Of All Time '' issue .

Hazel has been featured on a number of lists of greatest guitarists of all time . He was 43 on the list of Rolling Stone magazine 's 100 Greatest Guitarists Of All Time and was ranked at 88 in a similar list by Uncut Magazine .


In 2008 Rolling Stone Magazine listed Maggot Brain as number 60 on its list of the '' 100 Greatest Guitar Songs of All Time . ''

In 2008 , Rolling Stone cited this as number 60 on its list of 100 greatest `` guitar songs '' of all time .


Prestonville is a city of Kentucky in the United States .

Prestonville is a city in Carroll County , Kentucky , United States , at the confluence of the Ohio and Kentucky Rivers .


It was also included on Clarkson 's second album , Breakaway and was released as the album 's first single .

Later , it was included on Clarkson 's second album , Breakaway , being released again by RCA Records as the album 's first single .


`` Breakaway '' is a 2004 song written by Avril Lavigne , Bridget Benenate and Matthew Gerrard and produced by John Shanks .

`` Breakaway '' is a 2004 song co-written by Avril Lavigne , Bridget Benenate and Matthew Gerrard and produced by John Shanks .


It was recorded by pop rock singer Kelly Clarkson for the soundtrack to the film The Princess Diaries 2 : Royal Engagement by Disney Records .

It was recorded by pop rock singer Kelly Clarkson for the soundtrack to the film The Princess Diaries 2 : Royal Engagement by Disney Records , where it quickly became a charting single and video from the soundtrack .


If the Big Bang was the beginning of time then there was no universe before the Big Bang .

The Big Bang model or theory is the prevailing cosmological theory of the early development of the universe . According to the Big Bang model , the universe was originally in an extremely hot and dense state that expanded rapidly .


Other ideas that also have a Big Bang do not have a beginning of time at 13.7 billion years ago .

Based on the best available measurements as of 2010 , the original state of the universe existed around 13.7 billion years ago , which is often referred to as the time when the Big Bang occurred .


As the series progressed , a wider range of enemies was used ; notably , the malicious Ares , god of war , replaced Hera as the show 's primary antagonist .

As the series progressed , a wider range of enemies was used ; notably Hercules ' half-brother , the malicious god of war Ares , replaced Hera as the show 's primary antagonist .


Typical plot lines involve Hercules and Iolaus , or Salmoneus , saving rustic villagers from monsters , evil warlords or the often selfish whims of the gods .

Typical plot lines involve Hercules and Iolaus saving rustic villagers from monsters , evil warlords or the often selfish whims of the gods .


In the earlier episodes , as mentioned in the show 's opening title , Hercules ' main nemesis is his evil stepmother Hera , who seeks to destroy Hercules using various monsters , because he is a reminder of her husband Zeus ' infidelity .

In the earlier episodes , as mentioned in the show 's opening title , Hercules ' main nemesis is his evil stepmother Hera , the powerful queen of the gods , who seeks to destroy Hercules using various monsters , because he is a reminder of her husband Zeus ' infidelity .


The show had a successful spin-off , Xena : Warrior Princess , with which it shared recurring characters such as Ares , Autolycus , aforementioned Salmoneus , Aphrodite and Callisto .

The show had a successful spin-off , Xena : Warrior Princess , with which it shared recurring characters such as Ares ( Kevin Smith ) , Autolycus ( Bruce Campbell ) , Salmoneus ( Robert Trebor ) , Aphrodite ( Alexandra Tydings ) , Deimos ( Joel Tobeck ) and Callisto ( Hudson Leick ) .


Indeed , Hercules is often referred to as the favorite son of Zeus .

Indeed , Hercules is often referred to as `` the favorite son of Zeus '' .


Although Zeus , Hercules ' father , is frequently cited by Hercules as a neglectful father , Zeus ' love for Hercules is well-documented in the show .

Although Zeus , Hercules ' father , is frequently cited by Hercules as a neglectful father , Zeus ' love for Hercules is well documented in the show ( In one episode , Hercules explains to a friend that he looked to father figures because Zeus was never around when he was younger .


See You Again ( Rock Mafia Remix ) is the second single from the album , it was released on August 11 , 2008 , only in the United Kingdom as a promotional single .

`` See You Again '' ( Rock Mafia Remix ) was released August 11 , 2008 as the second single from Breakout ; it was only released in countries where the original version was not .


Hanson is a city of Kentucky in the United States .

Hanson is a city in Hopkins County , Kentucky , United States .


According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 25.6 kmÂ ( 9.9 miÂ ) . 25.4 kmÂ ( 9.8 miÂ ) of it is land and 0.2 kmÂ ( 0.1 miÂ ) of it ( 0.71 % ) is water .

According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 9.9 square miles ( 25.6 kmÂ ) , of which , 9.8 square miles ( 25.4 kmÂ ) of it is land and 0.1 square miles ( 0.2 kmÂ ) of it ( 0.71 % ) is water .


Rosina writes to the Count , calling him Lindoro , because she thinks that is his name .

Knowing the Count only by the name of Lindoro , Rosina writes to him .


Basilio and the notary come to the front door and try to leave by the ladder , but it has gone . Basilio can either take a bribe a be a witness to the marriage or he can be shot dead .

The two are Basilio and the notary and Basilio is given the choice of accepting a bribe and being a witness or receiving two bullets in the head ( an easy choice , he says ) .


He shows Rosina the letter she wrote to `` Lindoro '' , and makes her think that Lindoro is a servant and cunning friend of Almaviva .

He also shows Rosina the letter she wrote to `` Lindoro '' , and convinces her that Lindoro is merely a flunky of Almaviva .


Berta , Dr Bartoloâ s servant , tries to leave the house . She is met by the Count disguised as an drunken soldier .

As Berta attempts to leave the house , she is met by the Count disguised as an intoxicated soldier .


Bartolo can not get rid of the Count , who manages to have a quick word with Rosina . He whispers to her that he is called Lindoro and gives her a letter .

The Count manages to have a quick word with Rosina , whispering that he is Lindoro and passing her a letter .


The stage is empty while the music creates a thunder storm .

The stage remains empty while the music creates a thunder storm .


When they are gone , Rosina and Figaro enter .

When the two have gone , Rosina and Figaro enter .


Bartolo is watching and is suspicious . He wants to know what the letter is about , but Rosina fools him by giving him a list of things to be washed .

The watching Bartolo is suspicious and demands to know what is in the piece of paper in Rosina 's hands , but she fools him by handing over her laundry list .


The composer Giovanni Paisiello had written one with the same title , and another was composed in 1796 by Nicolas Isouard .

An opera based on the play had previously been composed by Giovanni Paisiello , and another was composed in 1796 by Nicolas Isouard .


Figaro asks Rosina to write a short note to Lindoro .

The latter asks Rosina to write a few encouraging words to Lindoro , which she has actually already written .


Rosina shows Almaviva the letter and says she is very sad .

Rosina shows Almaviva the letter and expresses her feelings of betrayal and heartbreak . Almaviva reveals his identity and the two reconcile .


In a town square outside Dr. Bartolo 's house a band of musicians are serenading outside the window of Rosina .

In a public square outside Dr. Bartolo 's house a band of musicians and a poor student named Lindoro are serenading , to no avail , the window of Rosina ( Ecco ridente in cielo\/There , laughing in the sky ) .


Bartolo does not want to leave him alone with Rosina , so he gets Figaro ( who is a barber ) to shave him .

In order not to leave Lindoro alone with Rosina , the doctor has Figaro shave him .


Among them is Lindoro , who is pretending to be a poor student , but he is really Count Almaviva in disguise . He hopes that Rosina will love him .

Lindoro , who is really the young Count Almaviva in disguise , hopes to make the beautiful Rosina love him for himselfâ '' not his money .


Bartolo and Basilio can not understand why this happened . Rosina laughs at them .

Bartolo and Basilio are astounded , and Rosina makes sport of them .


Bartolo and the Count start arguing . Basilio , Figaro and Berta appear and the noise is heard by the Officer of the Watch and his men .

Bartolo and the Count start arguing and , when Basilio , Figaro and Berta appear , the noise attracts the attention of the Officer of the Watch and his men .


Bartolo realizes in the end that it is a trick , and gets everyone out of the room . He goes to a notary to get a marriage contract made between himself and Rosina .

Finally Bartolo detects the trick , drives everybody out of the room , and rushes to a notary to draw up the marriage contract between himself and Rosina .


Boris Berezovsky ( born Moscow , 4 January 1969 ) is a famous Russian pianist .

Boris Vadimovich Berezovsky ( ; born January 4 , 1969 , in Moscow ) is a Russian virtuoso pianist .


Two years later he won the Gold Medal at the 1990 International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow .

Berezovsky won the Gold Medal at the 1990 International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow .


He plays concertos with many of the great orchestras including the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra , New York Philharmonic , Philadelphia Orchestra , Orchestre de la Monnaie , Rotterdam Philharmonic , Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra , NDR Hamburg , Hessischer Rundfunk , New Japan Philharmonic , City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra and with conductors such as Kurt Masur , Wolfgang Sawallisch , Vladimir Ashkenazy , Mikhail Pletnev and Antonio Pappano . Berezovsky has also made many recordings .

Berezovsky works regularly as a soloist with orchestras including the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra , the New York Philharmonic , the Philadelphia Orchestra , the Orchestre de la Monnaie , the Rotterdam Philharmonic , the Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra , the NDR Hamburg , the Hessischer Rundfunk Symphony Orchestra , the New Japan Philharmonic , and the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra .


Berezovsky studied at the Moscow Conservatory .

Berezovsky studied at the Moscow Conservatory with Eliso Virsaladze and privately with Alexander Satz .


It is located on Irelandâ s east coast , 8 k south of Bray and 27 k south of Dublin ( it is within the Greater Dublin Area ) , with a population in the region of 15,000 .

It is located on Irelandâ s east coast , 8 k south of Bray and south of Dublin ( it is within the Greater Dublin Area ) , with a population in the region of 15,000 .


This category has boxes related to the National Hockey League .

This category consists of templates related to the National Hockey League .


The Battle of Damascus ( 18 June - 21 June 1941 ) was the final action of the Allied advance on Damascus in Syria during the Syria-Lebanon campaign in World War II .

The Battle of Damascus ( 18 â `` 21 June 1941 ) was the final action of the Allied advance on Damascus in Syria during the Syria-Lebanon campaign in World War II .


VMware ThinApp is a computer program that can make portable applications .

VMware ThinApp ( formerly Thinstall ) is an application virtualization and portable application creator suite by VMware that can package conventional applications so that they become portable applications .


The Standing 's day gecko ( Phelsuma standingi Methuen & Hewitt , 1913 ) is a type of gecko .

The Standing 's day gecko ( Phelsuma standingi ) is an arboreal and diurnal species of gecko , native to southwest Madagascar . It is the largest living species of day gecko .


Stories of his chivalry and tactical ability earned him the respect of many opponents , including Claude Auchinleck , Winston Churchill , George S. Patton , and Bernard Montgomery ( who named a dog after him ) .

Popular stories of his chivalry and tactical prowess earned him the respect of many opponents , including Claude Auchinleck , Winston Churchill , George S. Patton , and Bernard Montgomery .


During Rommel 's time in France , Hitler ordered him to deport the Jews in France ; Rommel did not .

During Rommel 's time in France , Hitler ordered him to deport the country 's Jewish population ; Rommel disobeyed .


Rommel was born in Heidenheim , Germany , 45 k from Ulm , in the Kingdom of WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg ( then part of the German Empire ) at noon , November 15 , 1891 .

Rommel was born in Heidenheim , 45 k from Ulm , in the Kingdom of WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg ( then part of the German Empire ) .


Young Erwin thought about being an engineer and he showed a talent with technical work ; however , because of his father , young Rommel joined the local 124th WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg Infantry Regiment as an officer cadet in 1910 and , shortly after , was sent to the Officer Cadet School in Danzig .

Acceding to his father 's wishes , Rommel instead joined the local 124th WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg Infantry Regiment as an officer cadet in 1910 and was sent to the Officer Cadet School in Danzig .


Rommel wrote that his `` early years passed very happily . '' .

Rommel wrote that `` my early years passed quite happily . ''


While serving with that unit , he gained a reputation for making quick tactical decisions and taking advantage of enemy confusion .

He gained a reputation for great courage , making quick tactical decisions and taking advantage of enemy confusion .


His famous Afrikakorps was not accused of any war crimes .

His Afrikakorps was never accused of war crimes .


After having met Lucie , some historians think that Rommel also had an affair with a woman called Walburga Stemmer in 1913 , and they had a daughter named Gertrud .

Some historians believe Rommel also had a relationship with Walburga Stemmer in 1913 , which allegedly produced a daughter , Gertrud .


He was wounded three times and awarded the Iron Cross ; First and Second Class .

He was wounded three times and awarded the Iron Cross , First and Second Class .


Rommel also received Prussia 's highest medal , the Pour le MÃ rite after fighting in the mountains of west Slovenia â `` Battles of the Isonzo â `` Soca front .

Rommel also received Prussia 's highest award , the order of Pour le MÃ rite , after fighting in the Battles of the Isonzo in the mountains west of Slovenia on the SoÄ a front .


While at Cadet School , early in 1911 , Erwin Rommel met his future wife , 17-year-old Lucia Maria Mollin ( also called Lucie ) ( b. 6 June 1894 in Danzig ; d. 26 September 1971 in Stuttgart ) .

While at Cadet School , Rommel met his future wife , 17-year-old Lucia Maria Mollin ( commonly called Lucie ) .


He graduated on 15 November 1911 , and was a lieutenant in January 1912 .

He graduated on 15 November 1911 and was commissioned as a lieutenant in January 1912 .


Rommel believed an assassination attempt could spark civil war in Germany and Austria , and Hitler would have become a martyr for a lasting cause .

After the war , his widowâ '' among othersâ '' maintained that Rommel believed an assassination attempt would spark civil war in Germany and Austria and Hitler would have become a martyr for a lasting cause .


Also , during the construction of the Atlantic Wall , Rommel directed that French workers were not to be used as slaves but were to be paid for their labor .

Also , during the construction of the Atlantic Wall , Rommel directed that French workers were not to be used as slaves , but were to be paid for their labor .


Rommel was fairly perturbed at this development .

Rommel was fairly perturbed at this development , telling Hans Speidel that Hitler 's behavior after the attack proved that the dictator had `` gone completely mad . ''


Rommel was also respectful of his enemies .

Rommel , for his part , was both complimentary and respectful of his foes .


Soldiers captured by his army were treated well and orders to kill captured Jewish soldiers and civilians were ignored .

Soldiers captured during his Africa campaign were reported to have been treated humanely . Furthermore , he ignored orders to kill captured commandos , Jewish soldiers and civilians in all theaters of his command .


Several times he wrote letters protesting the treatment of the Jews .

Several times he wrote letters protesting against the treatment of the Jews .


Even more damningly , Carl Goerdeler , the main civilian leader of the Resistance , wrote on several letters and other documents that Rommel was a potential supporter and an acceptable military leader to be placed in a position of responsibility should their coup succeed .

Additionally , Carl Goerdeler , the main civilian leader of the Resistance , wrote on several letters and other documents that Rommel was a potential supporter and an acceptable military leader to be placed in a position of responsibility should their coup succeed .


The Afrika Korps was never accused of any war crimes , and Rommel himself referred to the fighting in North Africa as Krieg ohne Hass â '' war without hate .

The Afrika Korps were never accused of any war crimes , and Rommel himself referred to the fighting in North Africa as Krieg ohne Hassâ '' war without hate .


Rommel was not one of the group who planned the attempt on Hitler 's life . Actually , he was not in favor of assassinating Hitler .

Rommel , however , opposed assassinating Hitler .


The award came as a result of the Battle of Longarone , and the capture of Mount Matajur , Slovenia , and its defenders , numbering 150 Italian officers , 9,000 men , and 81 pieces of artillery .

The award was for the Battle of Longarone and the capture of Mount Matajur and its Italian defenders , which totalled 150 officers , 9,000 men , and 81 artillery pieces .


He was the second of four children of a Protestant headmaster of the secondary school at Aalen , Prof. Erwin Rommel the elder ( 1860 â `` 1913 ) , and Helene von Luz , a daughter of a prominent local dignitary .

He was the second child of the Protestant headmaster of the secondary school at Aalen , Professor Erwin Rommel Senior ( 1860 â `` 1913 ) , and Helene von Luz , who had two other sons and a daughter .


Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel ( The `` Desert Fox '' , 15 November 1891 â `` 14 October 1944 ) was an officer of the German Army in World War II .

Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel ( 15 November 1891 â `` 14 October 1944 ) , popularly known as the Desert Fox ( WÃ 1\/4 stenfuchs , ) , was a famous German Field Marshal of World War II .


Later , when the German and Italian armies were allied during the Second World War , Rommel realized that their lack of success in battle was due to poor leadership and equipment , which when fixed , easily made them equal to German forces .

In the Second World War , when the Germans and Italians were allies , Rommel tempered his initial disdain of Italian soldiers , when he realized that their lack of success was principally due to poor leadership and equipment . When these difficulties were overcome they were equal to German forces .


In World War I , Rommel fought in France , as well as in Romania and Italy , first as a member of the 6th WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg Infantry Regiment , and then in the WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg Mountain Battalion of the Ã lite Alpenkorps .

During World War I , Rommel fought in France as well as in Romania ( see : Romanian Campaign ) and Italy ( see : Italian Campaign ) , first in the 6th WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg Infantry Regiment , but through most of the war in the WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg Mountain Battalion of the elite Alpenkorps .


The release of the film The Desert Fox : The Story of Rommel ( 1951 ) helped his reputation as one of the most widely known and well-regarded leaders in the German Army .

The release of the film The Desert Fox : The Story of Rommel ( 1951 ) helped to further enhance his reputation as one of the most widely known and well-regarded leaders in the German Army .


It did not take long for Rommel 's involvement to come to light .

It did not take long , however , for Rommel 's involvement to come to light .


While fighting at Isonzo , Rommel was taken prisoner by the Italians .

While fighting at Isonzo , Rommel was caught behind Italian lines but managed to escape capture , though almost all of his staff were taken prisoner .


Hitler considered Rommel among his favorite generals .

Hitler counted Rommel among his favorite generals .


They married on November 27 , 1916 , in Danzig , and on December 24 , 1928 had a son , Manfred , who would later become the mayor of Stuttgart .

They married on 27 November 1916 in Danzig and on 24 December 1928 had a son , Manfred Rommel , who later became the Mayor of Stuttgart .