Others work for non-profit organizations , universities , hospitals and larger government entities such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) , the Health Protection Agency , The World Health Organisation ( WHO ) .

Others work for non-profit organizations , universities , hospitals and larger government entities such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) , the Health Protection Agency , The World Health Organization ( WHO ) , or the Public Health Agency of Canada .


Epidemiology has its limits at the point where an inference is made that the relationship between an agent and a disease is causal ( general causation ) and where the magnitude of excess risk attributed to the agent has been determined ; that is , epidemiology addresses whether an agent can cause a disease , not whether an agent did cause a specific plaintiffâ s disease . ''


Another Andalusian-Arabian physician , Ibn al-Khatib ( 1313 â `` 1374 ) in his treatise On the Plague stated how infectious disease can be transmitted through bodily contact and `` through garments , vessels and earrings .

Another 14th century Andalusian-Arabian physician , Ibn al-Khatib ( 1313 â `` 1374 ) , wrote a treatise called On the Plague , in which he stated how infectious disease can be transmitted through bodily contact and `` through garments , vessels and earrings . ''


Booker T. & the M.G. 's are a rhythm and blues ( R&B ) music band that are important in the history of soul music .

Booker T. & the M.G. 's is an instrumental R&B band that was influential in shaping the sound of southern soul and Memphis soul .


Since Al Jackson , Jr. was murdered in 1975 , the band have used several drummers .


People liked them so much and felt they were so important they were given an award of being named in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992 .

The band were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992 .


They worked at Stax Records , and played music on hundreds of important records by famous singers such as Wilson Pickett , Otis Redding , Bill Withers , Sam & Dave , Carla Thomas and Rufus Thomas and Johnnie Taylor .

In the 1960s , as members of the house band of Stax Records , they played on hundreds of recordings by artists such as Wilson Pickett , Otis Redding , Bill Withers , Sam & Dave , Carla and Rufus Thomas and Johnnie Taylor .


Steinberg left the band in 1965 , and Donald `` Duck '' Dunn joined the band .

In 1965 , Steinberg was replaced by Donald `` Duck '' Dunn , who has played with the group ever since .


Magnus RosÃ n started to play the bass when he was 15 years old .

Magnus RosÃ n started to play bass when he was 15 years old .


He became a member in the Swedish heavy metal band HammerFall in 1997 .

He became a member of the Swedish heavy metal band Hammerfall in 1997 .


Klas Magnus RosÃ n is a Swedish musician , born 1963 in Gothenburg , and was the bassist of Swedish band HammerFall .

Klas Magnus RosÃ n is a Swedish musician , born 1963 in Gothenburg , and is best known for being the bassist of the Swedish band HammerFall during the years 1997-2007 .


Lakki Marwat or Lakki is the headquarters of Lakki Marwat District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan .


GÃ rald Passi ( born 24 January 1964 ) is a former French football player .

GÃ rald Passi ( born 21 January 1964 in Albi , France ) is a former football midfielder .


Starlings are generally a highly social family .

The starlings are generally a highly social family .


Starlings have strong feet , their flight is strong and direct , and they are very gregarious ( social ) .

Starlings have strong feet , their flight is strong and direct , and they are very gregarious .


Several species live around humans , and are effectively omnivores .

Several species live around human habitation , and are effectively omnivores .


Several European and Asian species have been introduced to these areas as well as to North America , Hawaii and New Zealand . In these new areas they compete for habitat with native birds , and are invasive species .

Several European and Asian species have been introduced to these areas as well as North America , Hawaii and New Zealand , where they generally compete for habitat with native birds and are considered to be invasive species .


Starlings have varied and complex songs , and may copy sounds from their surroundings , including car alarms , and human speech .

Starlings have diverse and complex vocalizations , and have been known to embed sounds from their surroundings into their own calls , including car alarms , and human speech patterns .


Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen .

Plumage of many species is typically dark with a metallic sheen .


Most species associate in flocks of varying sizes throughout the year . These flocks may include other species of starlings and sometimes species from other families .

Most species associate in flocks of varying sizes throughout the year , these flocks may include other species of starlings and sometimes species from other families .


This sociality is obvious in their roosting behavior . In the non-breeding season some roosts can number thousands of birds .

This sociality is particularly evident in the their roosting behavior ; in the non-breeding season some roosts can number in the thousands of birds .


The birds can recognize particular individuals by their calls .

The birds can recognize particular individuals by their calls , and are currently the subject of research into the evolution of human language .


Categories that show a user 's status or type of changes to the Wikipedia .

Categories that denote a user 's status or type of contribution to the Wikipedia .


The word `` ruminant '' comes from the Latin word ruminaire which means `` to chew over again '' .

The word `` ruminant '' comes from the Latin ruminare , which means `` to chew over again '' .


There are 3.5 billion domestic ruminants , with about 95 % being cattle , goats and sheep .

The population of domestic ruminants is greater than 3.5 billion , with cattle , sheep , and goats accounting for about 95 % of the total population .


There are also about 75 million wild ruminants . They can be found anywhere except for the continents Australia and Antarctica .

Wild ruminants number at least 75 million and are native to all continents except Australia and Antarctica .


Ruminating mammals include cattle , goats , sheep , giraffes , bison , yaks , water buffalo , deer , camels , alpacas , llamas , wildebeest , antelope , pronghorn , and nilgai .

Ruminating mammals include cattle , goats , sheep , giraffes , bison , moose , elk , yaks , water buffalo , deer , camels , alpacas , llamas , wildebeest , antelope , pronghorn , and nilgai .


The four parts of the stomach are the rumen , reticulum , omasum , and abomasum .

The four parts of the stomach are rumen , reticulum , omasum , and abomasum .


Almost all the glucose produced by breaking down the cellulose is used by microbes in the rumen , and so ruminants usually absorb little glucose from the small intestine .

Almost all the glucose produced by the breaking down of cellulose and hemi-cellulose is used by microbes in the rumen , and as such ruminants usually absorb little glucose from the small intestine .


Rather , ruminants ' requirement for glucose ( for brain function and lactation if appropriate ) is made by the liver .

Rather , ruminants ' requirement for glucose ( for brain function and lactation if appropriate ) is made by the liver from propionate , one of the volatile fatty acids made in the rumen .


13 % of psychiatric inpatients were diagnosed with BDD .


Sigmund Freud had an important Russian person ( Sergei Pankejeff ) with him in the past , who would have been classified as having the disorder in modern times . Freud named him `` The Wolf Man '' , to protect Pankejeff 's identity .

In his practice , Freud had a patient who would today be diagnosed with the disorder : Russian aristocrat Sergei Pankejeff ( nicknamed `` The Wolf Man '' by Freud himself in order to protect Pankejeff 's identity ) , had a preoccupation with his nose to such an extent it greatly limited his functioning .


In a study of 54 patients with BDD , some of them had Cognitive Behavior Therapy , and some had no treatment . BDD symptoms decreased a lot in those patients undergoing CBT .

In a study of 54 BDD patients who were randomly assigned to Cognitive Behavior Therapy or no treatment , BDD symptoms decreased significantly in those patients undergoing CBT .


In research done on 17 patients with BDD , BDD was ` found ' in only five patients , and none of the patients had a proper diagnosis of BDD even though they all in fact had BDD .

In a study of 17 patients with BDD , BDD was noted in only five patient charts , and none of the patients received an official diagnosis of BDD .


In most examples , BDD is not found even when people have it .

People with BDD often have more than one area of concern .


53 patients with OCD and 53 patients with BDD were compared to each other in research . Clinical features , comorbidity , family history , and population features were compared between the two groups .

53 patients with OCD and 53 patients with BDD were compared on clinical features , comorbidity , family history , and demographic features .


Research also found that some of the patients who were firstly diagnosed with OCD , also had BDD .

Some of the patients initially diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder ( OCD ) had BDD , as well .


The results showed that BDD is in 0.7 % - 1.1 % of community samples and 2 % -13 % of non-clinical samples .

The results showed that BDD occurs in 0.7 â `` 1.1 % of community samples and 2 â `` 13 % of non-clinical samples .


A German study has shown that 1-2 % of the population has complete BDD , but a bigger percentage of people show some of the effects ( Psychological Medicine , vol 36 , p 877 ) .

A German study has shown that 1 â `` 2 % of the population meet all the diagnostic criteria of BDD , with a larger percentage showing milder symptoms of the disorder ( Psychological Medicine , vol . 36 , p. 877 ) .


How bad each person 's BDD was , was assessed using the `` Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale '' , modified for BDD . Symptoms were assessed with the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination .

The severity of BDD was assessed using the Yaleâ `` Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale modified for BDD , and symptoms were assessed using a Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination Sheet .


At the end of 12 weeks , 53 % of patients responded to the fluoxetine .

At the end of treatment , 53 % of patients responded to the fluoxetine .


However , Cognitive Behavior Therapy ( CBT ) has been found to be more effective .

Studies have found that Cognitive Behavior Therapy ( CBT ) has proven effective .


74 subjects were enrolled in a placebo controlled study group to evaluate the efficiency of fluoxetine hydrochloride , a SSRI drug . Patients were randomized to receive 12-weeks of double-blind treatment with fluoxetine or the placebo .

74 subjects were enrolled in a placebo-controlled study group to evaluate the efficiency of fluoxetine hydrochloride ( Prozac ) ; patients were enrolled in a 12-weeks , double-blind , randomized study .


Both tests were designed specifically to assess BDD .


Dr. Katharine Philips did research , with more than 500 people with BDD , on the percentage of patients unhappy with the most common parts of the body ;

In research carried out by Dr. Katharine Philips , involving over 500 patients , the percentage of patients concerned with the most common locations were as follows ;


( 8 ) Due to low levels of serotonin in the brain , another commonly used treatment is SSRI drugs ( Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor ) .

Due to believed low levels of serotonin in the brain , another commonly used treatment is SSRI drugs ( Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor ) .


Some people say that there is a link between undiagnosed BDD and a higher than average suicide rate with people who had cosmetic surgery .

There has also been a suggested link between undiagnosed BDD and a higher-than-average suicide rate among people who have undergone cosmetic surgery .


9 of the 62 subjects ( 14.5 % ) of those with OCD also had BDD .

Nine of the 62 subjects ( 14.5 % ) of those with OCD also had BDD .


BDD is often wrongly thought of as a ` vanity ' obsession , but it is actually the opposite , because people with BDD believe they are very ugly , even though people without BDD do not think they are .

BDD is often misunderstood as a vanity-driven obsession , whereas it is quite the opposite ; people with BDD do not believe themselves to be better looking than others , but instead feel that their perceived `` defect '' is irrevocably ugly or not good enough . People with BDD may compulsively look at themselves in the mirror or , conversely , cover up and avoid mirrors .


Saint-Jean-de-Gonville is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France .


The British Museum in London is one of the world 's largest and most important museums of human history and culture .

The British Museum is a museum of human history and culture in London .


It has more than seven million objects from all continents . They illustrate and document the story of human culture from its beginning to the present .

Its collections , which number more than seven million objects , are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the world and originate from all continents , illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginnings to the present .


The company operates the Wales and Border railway franchise from the company of the same name in December 2003 .

The company took over operation of the reorganised Wales and Border railway franchise from the company of the same name in December 2003 .


Arriva Trains Wales is a train operating company , owned by Arriva , that operates passenger services in Wales and the Welsh Marches .

Arriva Trains Wales is a train operating company , ultimately owned by Deutsche Bahn , that operates urban and inter urban passenger services in Wales and the Welsh Marches .


They have made direct services between North and South Wales , and the reintroduction of passenger services on freight-only portions of the Vale of Glamorgan Line and Ebbw Vale Line .

This has included the introduction of direct services between North and South Wales , and the reintroduction of passenger services on freight-only portions of the Vale of Glamorgan Line and Ebbw Vale Line .


The Roman Emperor Constantine I moved the capital of the Roman Empire to the city of Byzantium , and he renamed the city Constantinople .

Centered on the capital of Constantinople , it was ruled by emperors in direct succession to the ancient Roman emperors after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire . As the distinction between `` Roman Empire '' and `` Byzantine Empire '' is largely a modern convention , it is not possible to assign a date of separation , but an important point is Emperor Constantine I 's transfer in 324 of the capital from Nicomedia ( in Anatolia ) to Byzantium on the Bosphorus , which became Constantinople , `` City of Constantine '' ( alternatively `` New Rome '' ) .


The Byzantine Empire ( or Eastern Roman Empire ) was the name of the Greek part of the Roman Empire which survived into the Middle Ages .

The Byzantine Empire ( or Byzantium ) was the predominantly Greek-speaking eastern part of the Roman Empire throughout Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages . Also known as the Eastern Roman Empire , the Byzantine Empire was called simply Roman Empire ( Greek : , Basileia RhÅ maiÅ n ) or Romania ( , RhÅ manÃ a ) by its inhabitants and neighbors .


Many years later , after the city of Rome was taken over by Germanic people , the ` Roman ' Empire was moved to Constantinople , and a new empire was born . The new empire had a smaller territory than the original Roman Empire .

If the existence of the Ancient Roman Empire ( including the Western Roman Empire ) and that of the Eastern Roman\/Byzantine Empire is combined , the whole Roman Empire had existed for 1480 years .


Bad Wiessee is a spa town on Lake Tegernsee in Bavaria , Germany .

Bad Wiessee is a spa town on Lake Tegernsee , Bavaria , Germany .


Gabarnac is a commune in the Gironde department in south-western France .


and AOL came to a deal where Microsoft 's Live Communication Server 2005 ( which is interestingly also used by Reuters for its Reuters Messaging service ) users would also have the possibility to talk to public instant messaging users .

and AOL agreed a deal in which Microsoft 's Live Communications Server 2005 users would also have the possibility to talk to public instant messaging users .


Separately , on October 13 , 2005 Microsoft and Yahoo !

Separately , on 13th October 2005 , Microsoft and Yahoo !


Companies implement specialized IM archiving and security products and services like those from Secure Computing , Akonix , Surfcontrol , and ScanSafe to mitigate these risks and provide safe , secure , productive instant messaging capabilities to their employees .

Companies implement specialized IM archiving and security products and services to mitigate these risks and provide safe , secure , productive instant messaging capabilities to their employees .


This historic agreement enabled AIM , ICQ and MSN Messenger users to talk with Reuters Messaging counterparts and vice-versa against an access fee .

This agreement enabled AIM , ICQ and MSN Messenger users to talk with Reuters Messaging counterparts and vice-versa .


Microsoft followed suit shortly thereafter with Microsoft Exchange Instant Messaging , and later created a new platform called Microsoft Office Live Communications Server .

Microsoft followed suit shortly thereafter with Microsoft Exchange Instant Messaging , later created a new platform called Microsoft Office Live Communications Server , and released Office Communications Server 2007 in October 2007 .


As such , it could be considered a sort of GUI , albeit much more primitive than the later Unix , Windows and Macintosh based GUI IM programs .

As such , it could be considered a sort of GUI ( Graphical User Interface ) , albeit much more primitive than the later Unix , Windows and Macintosh based GUI IM software .


announced that by ( the Northern Hemisphere ) summer of 2006 they would interoperate using SIP\/SIMPLE which is followed on December 2005 by the AOL and Google strategic partnership deal where Google Talk users would be able to talk with AIM and ICQ users provided they have an identity at AOL .

announced that by the 3rd quarter of 2006 they would interoperate using SIP\/SIMPLE , which was followed , in December 2005 , by the AOL and Google strategic partnership deal in which Google Talk users would be able to communicate with AIM and ICQ users provided they have an AIM account .


An effective attack using a `` poison URL '' may reach tens of thousands of people in minutes when each person 's buddy list receives messages appearing to be from a trusted friend .

An effective attack using a poisoned URL may reach tens of thousands of people in a short period when each person 's buddy list receives messages appearing to be from a trusted friend .


Some networks have made changes to prevent them from being utilized by such multi-network IM clients .

Certain networks have made changes to prevent them from being utilized by such multi-network IM clients .


It is possible to save a conversation for later reference .

It is typically possible to save a text conversation for later reference .


Recent changes to Federal Rules of Civil Procedure , effective December 1 , 2006 , create a new category for electronic records which may be requested during discovery ( law ) in legal proceedings .

Changes to Federal Rules of Civil Procedure , effective December 1 , 2006 , created a new category for electronic records which may be requested during discovery in legal proceedings .


Since then , both IBM Lotus and Microsoft have introduced federation between their EIM systems and some of the public IM networks thus employees may use a single interface to both their internal EIM system and their buddies on AOL , MSN , and Yahoo ! .

Both IBM Lotus and Microsoft have introduced federation between their EIM systems and some of the public IM networks so that employees may use a single interface to both their internal EIM system and their contacts on AOL , MSN , and Yahoo ! .


The topic of inappropriate IM use became front page news in October 2006 when Congressman Mark Foley resigned his seat after admitting sending offensive instant messages of a sexual nature to underage former House pages from his Congressional office PC .

The topic of inappropriate IM use became front page news in October 2006 when U.S. Congressman Mark Foley resigned his seat after admitting sending offensive instant messages of a sexual nature to underage former House pages from his Congressional office PC .


By 2007 , the preferred platform for the purchase of security software had become the `` appliance '' , according to IDC , who estimate that by 2008 , 80 % of network security products will be delivered via an appliance .

By 2007 , the preferred platform for the purchase of security software had become the `` computer appliance '' , according to IDC , who estimate that by 2008 , 80 % of network security products will be delivered via an appliance .


Web conferencing services integrate both video conferencing and instant messaging capabilities .

Web conferencing services can integrate both video calling and instant messaging capabilities .


and Microsoft ) have failed and each continues to use its own proprietary protocol .

and Microsoft ) have failed , and each continues to use its own proprietary protocol .


Although instant messaging has many good things , it also has risks and liabilities , especially when used in workplaces .

Although instant messaging delivers many benefits , it also carries with it certain risks and liabilities , particularly when used in workplaces . Among these risks and liabilities are :


Some newer instant messaging companies are offering desktop sharing , IP radio , and IPTV to the voice and video features .

Some instant messaging companies are also offering desktop sharing , IP radio , and IPTV to the voice and video features .


Hackers use two methods of delivering malicious code through IM : delivery of virus , trojan , or spyware within an infected file , and the use of `` socially engineered '' text with a web address that entices the recipient to click on a URL that connects him or her to a website that then downloads malicious code .

Hackers use two methods of delivering malicious code through IM : delivery of viruses , trojan horses , or spyware within an infected file , and the use of `` socially engineered '' text with a web address that entices the recipient to click on a URL connecting him or her to a website that then downloads malicious code .


In response to the demand for business-grade IM and the need to ensure security and legal compliance , a new type of instant messaging , called `` Enterprise Instant Messaging '' ( `` EIM '' ) was created when Lotus Software launched Lotus Sametime in 1999 .

In response to the demand for business-grade IM and the need to ensure security and legal compliance , a new type of instant messaging , called `` Enterprise Instant Messaging '' ( `` EIM '' ) was created when Lotus Software launched IBM Lotus Sametime in 1998 .


Typically , a dedicated corporate IM server has several advantages such as pre-populated contact lists , integrated authentication , and better security and privacy .

Typically , a dedicated corporate IM server has several advantages , such as pre-populated contact lists , integrated authentication , and better security and privacy .


AOL later acquired Mirabilis , the creators of ICQ . A few years later ICQ ( by now owned by AOL ) was awarded two patents for instant messaging by the U.S. patent office .

AOL later acquired Mirabilis , the authors of ICQ ; a few years later ICQ ( now owned by AOL ) was awarded two patents for instant messaging by the U.S. patent office .


Viruses , worms , and trojans typically propagate by sending themselves rapidly through the infected user 's buddy list .

Viruses , computer worms , and trojans typically propagate by sending themselves rapidly through the infected user 's buddy list .


This deal settled once for all the protocol for interconnectivity in the market as SIP\/SIMPLE and established a connectivity fee for accessing public instant messaging clouds .

This deal established SIP\/SIMPLE as a standard for protocol interoperability and established a connectivity fee for accessing public instant messaging groups or services .


Other corporate messaging systems allow registered users to also connect from outside the corporation LAN , by using a secure firewall-friendly HTTPS based protocol .

Other corporate messaging systems allow registered users to also connect from outside the corporation LAN , by using an encrypted , firewall-friendly , HTTPS-based protocol .


In the last half of the 1980s and into the early 1990s , the Quantum Link online service for Commodore 64 computers offered user-to-user messages between currently connected customers which they called `` On-Line Messages '' ( or OLM for short ) .

In the latter half of the 1980s and into the early 1990s , the Quantum Link online service for Commodore 64 computers offered user-to-user messages between currently connected customers , which they called `` On-Line Messages '' ( or OLM for short ) , and later `` FlashMail . ''


Recently , many instant messaging services have begun to offer video conferencing features , Voice Over IP ( VoIP ) and web conferencing services .

Many instant messaging services offer video calling features , Voice Over IP ( VoIP ) and web conferencing services .


Companies now include instant messaging as an integral component of their policies on appropriate use of the World Wide Web , email , and other corporate assets .

Companies now include instant messaging as an integral component of their policies on appropriate use of the World Wide Web , e-mail , and other corporate assets .


Jabber servers could act as gateways to other IM protocols , reducing the need to run multiple clients .

XMPP servers could act as gateways to other IM protocols , reducing the need to run multiple clients .


Instant messaging has proven to be similar to personal computers , e-mail , and the WWW , in that its adoption for use as a business communications medium was driven primarily by individual employees using consumer software at work , rather than by formal mandate or provisioning by corporate information technology departments .

Instant messaging has proven to be similar to personal computers , e-mail , and the World Wide Web , in that its adoption for use as a business communications medium was driven primarily by individual employees using consumer software at work , rather than by formal mandate or provisioning by corporate information technology departments .


Instant messages typically are may be logged in a local message history which closes the gap to the persistent nature of e-mails and facilitates quick exchange of information like URLs or document snippets ( which can be unwieldy when communicated via telephone ) .

Instant messages are often logged in a local message history , making it similar to the persistent nature of e-mails .


Some approaches , such as that adopted by the Sonork enterprise IM software or the Jabber\/XMPP network or Winpopup LAN Messenger , allow organizations to create their own private instant messaging network by enabling them to limit access to the server ( often with the IM network entirely behind their firewall ) and administer user permissions .

Some approaches allow organizations to deploy their own , private instant messaging network by enabling them to restrict access to the server ( often with the IM network entirely behind their firewall ) and administer user permissions .


For this reason , the instant messaging client formerly known as Gaim or gaim announced in April 2007 that they would be renamed `` Pidgin '' .

For this reason , the instant messaging client formerly known as Gaim ( or gaim ) announced , in April 2007 , that they would be renamed `` Pidgin '' .


However , while discussions at IETF were stalled , Reuters head of collaboration services , David Gurle ( the founder of Microsoft 's Real Time Communication and Collaboration business ) , surprised everybody by signing the first inter-service provider connectivity agreement on September 2003 .

However , while discussions at IETF were stalled , Reuters signed the first inter-service provider connectivity agreement on September 2003 .


There have been several attempts to create a unified standard for instant messaging : IETF 's SIP ( Session Initiation Protocol ) and SIMPLE ( SIP for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions ) , APEX ( Application Exchange ) , Prim ( Presence and Instant Messaging Protocol ) , the open XML-based XMPP ( Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol ) , more commonly known as Jabber and OMA 's ( Open Mobile Alliance ) IMPS ( Instant Messaging and Presence Service ) created specifically for mobile devices .

There have been several attempts to create a unified standard for instant messaging : IETF 's SIP ( Session Initiation Protocol ) and SIMPLE ( SIP for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions ) , APEX ( Application Exchange ) , Prim ( Presence and Instant Messaging Protocol ) , the open XML-based XMPP ( Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol ) , and Open Mobile Alliance 's Instant Messaging and Presence Service developed specifically for mobile devices .


This allows to communicate to friends of friends and build chatrooms for instant messages with all friends on that network .

This allows for communication with friends of friends and for the building of chatrooms for instant messages with all friends on that network .


Current leading EIM platforms include IBM Lotus Sametime , Microsoft Office Live Communications Server , and Jabber XCP .

Current leading EIM platforms include IBM Lotus Sametime , Microsoft Office Communications Server , Jabber XCP and Cisco Unified Presence .


Meanwhile , other companies developed their own applications ( Yahoo , MSN , Excite , Ubique , IBM ) , each with its own proprietary protocol and client ; users therefore had to run multiple client applications if they wished to use more than one of these networks .

Meanwhile , other companies developed their own software ; ( Excite , MSN , Ubique , and Yahoo ) , each with its own proprietary protocol and client ; users therefore had to run multiple client applications if they wished to use more than one of these networks .


Modern , Internet-wide , GUI-based messaging clients , as they are known today , began to take off in the mid 1990s with ICQ ( 1996 ) being the first , followed by AOL Instant Messenger ( AOL Instant Messenger , 1997 ) .

Modern , Internet-wide , GUI-based messaging clients as they are known today , began to take off in the mid 1990s with PowWow , ICQ , and AOL Instant Messenger .


Following this breakthrough agreement between networks Microsoft , Yahoo !


Quantum Link 's better known later incarnation , America Online ( AOL ) , offers a similar product under the name `` AOL Instant Messages '' ( AIM ) .

( Quantum Link later became America Online and made AOL Instant Messenger ( AIM ) , discussed later ) .


The adoption of IM across corporate networks outside of the control of IT organizations creates many risks and liabilities for companies who do not effectively manage and support IM use .

The adoption of IM across corporate networks outside of the control of IT organizations creates risks and liabilities for companies who do not effectively manage and support IM use .


Most attempts at creating a unified standard for the major IM providers ( AOL , Yahoo !

Most attempts at producing a unified standard for the major IM providers ( AOL , Yahoo !


The more well-known of these include the Sarbanes-Oxley Act , HIPAA , and SEC 17a-3 .

The better-known of these include the Sarbanes-Oxley Act , HIPAA , and SEC 17a-3 .


Yasuyuki Konno ( born 25 January 1983 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Tokyo and Japan national team .

Yasuyuki Konno is a Japanese football player who plays for F.C. Tokyo in Japan 's professional J. League .


Mira is a binary star system with a white dwarf ( Mira B ) star and a red giant ( Mira A ) .

Mira is a binary star system that consists of a red giant ( Mira A ) undergoing mass loss and a high temperature white dwarf companion ( Mira B ) that is accreting mass from the primary .


Scientists think Mira is 200-400 light years away in the constellation Cetus .

Mira also known as Omicron Ceti ( Î Ceti , Î Cet ) , is a red giant star estimated 200-400 light years away in the constellation Cetus .


East Kilbride is a large suburban town in the South Lanarkshire council area of Scotland .

East Kilbride is a large suburban town in the South Lanarkshire council area , in the West Central Lowlands of Scotland .


It is Scotland 's first new town , and lies on high ground on the south side of the Cathkin Braes , about 8 m southeast of Glasgow city center .

The area lies on high ground on the south side of the Cathkin Braes , about 8 m southeast of Glasgow city center and close to the boundary with East Renfrewshire .


One of the most significant buildings of an earlier phase of development was Dollan Baths leisure complex ( opened 1968 ) which has Grade A listed status .

One of the most significant buildings of an earlier phase of development was Dollan Baths leisure complex ( opened 1968 ) which has category A listed status .


A 2007 US-Czech study decided that 298 Baptistina may be the biggest remnant of a 170 km ( 110 mile ) asteroid that was destroyed about 160 million years ago in an impact with a smaller body , making the Baptistina family of asteroids and that the Baptistina event may have created the eventual impact asteroid believed by many to have caused the Cretaceous â `` Tertiary extinction event about 65 million years ago . .

Further , the study argues that the family is the remnant of a 170 km ( 110 mile ) parent asteroid that was destroyed in a collision with a smaller body some 160 million years ago , with Baptistina itself being the largest remnant . Moreover , it suggests that a fragment from this event eventually became the K\/T impactor believed to have caused the Cretaceousâ `` Tertiary extinction event that brought about the extinction of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago .


It was found by Auguste Charlois on September 9 , 1890 in Nice .

It was discovered by Auguste Charlois on September 9 , 1890 in Nice .


298 Baptistina is a common Main belt asteroid .

298 Baptistina is a main belt asteroid .


Athlete 's foot causes scaling , flaking , itching , blisters and cracked skin .

Athlete 's foot causes scaling , flaking , and itching of the affected skin .


Axe ( or ax ) is an ancient tool used to shape , split and cut wood .

The axe , or ax , is an implement that has been used for millennia to shape , split and cut wood ; to harvest timber ; as a weapon ; and as a ceremonial or heraldic symbol .


LuÃ s Fabiano ( born 8 November 1980 ) is a Brazilian football player .

LuÃ s Fabiano Clemente ( November 8 , 1980 ) , commonly known as LuÃ s Fabiano is a Brazilian footballer , who currently plays for SÃ # o Paulo and the Brazilian national football team as a striker .


Louches is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .

Louches is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .


The 1928 Winter Olympics , officially known as the II Olympic Winter Games , were celebrated in 1928 in St. Moritz , Switzerland .

The 1928 Winter Olympics , officially known as the II Olympic Winter Games , were a winter multi-sport event which was celebrated February 11 â `` 19 , 1928 in St. Moritz , Switzerland .


The 1928 Games were the first true Winter Olympics held on its own and not as a part of a Summer Olympics .

The 1928 Games were the first true Winter Olympics held on its own as they were not in conjunction with a Summer Olympics .


All preceding Winter Events of the Olympic Games were the winter sports part of the schedule of the Summer Games , and not as a separate Winter Games .

All preceding Winter Events of the Olympic Games were the winter sports part of the schedule of the Summer Games , and not held as a separate Winter Games .


The preceding 1924 Winter Olympics were later renamed as Winter Olympics . They were actually part of the 1924 Summer Olympics .

The preceding 1924 Games were retroactively renamed the inaugural Winter Olympics , though they had been in fact part of the 1924 Summer Olympics .


This was the first time many countries attended the Winter Olympic Games , including Argentina , Estonia , Germany , Japan , Lithuania , Luxembourg , Mexico , the Netherlands , and Romania .

Nations making their first appearance at the Winter Olympic Games were Argentina ( first participation of a delegation coming from a country belonging to the Southern Hemisphere ) , Estonia , Germany , Japan , Lithuania , Luxembourg , Mexico , the Netherlands , and Romania .


It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the VendÃ e department in the west of France .

Chaix is a commune in the VendÃ e department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France .


Lleyton Hewitt is a professional tennis player from Australia . He was once ranked the No. 1 in the world .

Lleyton Glynn Hewitt ( ; born 24 February 1981 ) is an Australian professional tennis player and former World No. 1 .


William Ellery ( December 22 , 1727 -- February 15 , 1820 ) , was a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence as one of two representatives from Rhode Island his signature is located 4 names below John Adams .

William Ellery ( December 22 , 1727 -- February 15 , 1820 ) was a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence as a representative of Rhode Island .


Some of his descendants were William Ellery Channing , Richard Henry Dana , Edie Sedgwick and actress Kyra Sedgwick and Jadriene M. Ellery .

His descendants include Ellery Channing , William Ellery Channing , Richard Henry Dana , Sr. , Edie Sedgwick , Kyra Sedgwick , Grace , Emily , Charlotte , and Amy Loring , Daniel Kraus , James Ellery , Gary Ellery , and Jadriene M. Ellery .


This was first realized by Evangelista Torricelli even before calculus had been invented .

This property was first realized by Evangelista Torricelli even before calculus had been invented .


( Up to adding integer multiples of 2 Ï i to the lines , the mapping of all lines to all logarithmic spirals is onto . )

( Up to adding integer multiples of to the lines , the mapping of all lines to all logarithmic spirals is onto . )


The total distance covered is r\/cos ( Î ) , where r is the straight-line distance from P to the origin .

The total distance covered is , where is the straight-line distance from to the origin .


Jakob Bernoulli wanted the shape on his headstone , but , by error , an Archimedean spiral was placed there instead .


Maybe because of this property , the spira mirabilis has evolved in nature , seen in some living beings , such as nautilus shells and sunflower heads .

Possibly as a result of this unique property , the spira mirabilis has evolved in nature , appearing in certain growing forms such as nautilus shells and sunflower heads .


Starting at a point P and moving inwards along the spiral , one has to circle the origin infinitely often before reaching it ; yet , the total distance covered on this path is finite .

Starting at a point and moving inward along the spiral , one can circle the origin an unbounded number of times without reaching it ; yet , the total distance covered on this path is finite ; that is , the limit as goes toward is finite .


In the extreme case that b = 0 ( É = Ï \/ 2 ) the spiral becomes a circle of radius a. Conversely , in the limit that b approaches infinity ( É â ' 0 ) the spiral tends toward a straight line .

In the extreme case that the spiral becomes a circle of radius . Conversely , in the limit that approaches infinity ( Ï â ' 0 ) the spiral tends toward a straight half-line .


The derivative r ' ( Î ) is proportional to the parameter b. In other words , it controls how `` tightly '' and in which direction the spiral spirals .

The derivative of is proportional to the parameter . In other words , it controls how `` tightly '' and in which direction the spiral spirals .


The logarithmic spiral was first described by Descartes and later extensively investigated by Jakob Bernoulli , who called it Spira mirabilis , `` the marvelous spiral '' .

The logarithmic spiral was first described by Descartes and later extensively investigated by Jacob Bernoulli , who called it Spira mirabilis , `` the marvelous spiral '' .


While this curve had already been named by other mathematicians , the name `` miraculous '' or `` marvelous '' spiral was given to this curve by Jakob Bernoulli , because he was fascinated by one of its unique mathematical properties : the size of the spiral increases , but the shape stays the same with each added curve .

Although this curve had already been named by other mathematicians , the specific name ( `` miraculous '' or `` marvelous '' spiral ) was given to this curve by Jacob Bernoulli , because he was fascinated by one of its unique mathematical properties : the size of the spiral increases but its shape is unaltered with each successive curve , a property known as self-similarity .


The spiral has the property that the angle É between the tangent and radial line at the point ( r , Î ) is constant .

The spiral has the property that the angle Ï between the tangent and radial line at the point is constant .


Similarly , the exponential function exactly maps all lines not parallel with the real or imaginary axis in the complex plane , to all logarithmic spirals in the complex plane with center at 0 .

The exponential function exactly maps all lines not parallel with the real or imaginary axis in the complex plane , to all logarithmic spirals in the complex plane with center at 0 .


The complement of É is called the pitch .

The complement of Ï is called the pitch .


Keane comes out of a studio and takes a taxi .

Keane appear coming out of a studio and taking a taxi .


`` Snowed Under '' talks about a place called `` Manser 's Shaw '' . This is a place where the band used to spent their days .

The song talks about a place called `` Manser 's Shaw '' in Battle , East Sussex where the band used to spend their childhood days .


Each alien represents the spirit of a tree .

Each Roxley represents the spirit of a tree .


Then they come across a forest where the `` simple thing '' aliens live .

Then they come across a forest where live the `` simple thing '' aliens ( called `` Roxleys '' by some fans . ) .


The lyrics of `` Walnut Tree '' talk about waiting for someone or something . Rice-Oxley has not talked about a real meaning to this .

The lyrics talk about waiting for someone under a walnut tree but Rice-Oxley has n't given a real meaning to this .


The song was first played on the guitar , just before Dominic Scott left the band . It was recorded as a demo the same year with piano instead of the guitar .

It was first played on the guitar , just before Dominic Scott left the band , and recorded as a demo the same year with a Yamaha CP70 instead of the guitar .


The song appeared on the `` Music from the OC : Mix 2 '' soundtrack .

It appeared on the Music from the OC : Mix 2 soundtrack .


Keane recorded the final version in 2003 at the Helioscentric Studios , East Sussex for the album .

Keane recorded the final version in 2003 at the Helioscentric Studios , Rye , East Sussex for the album .


It was inspired by a poem `` Snowed Under '' was the only b-side played live during 2004 , 2005 and early 2006 .

It was inspired by a poem `` Snowed Under '' was the only b-side played live during 2004 , 2005 and early 2006 , because of its appearance on the CD+DVD version of Hopes and Fears , as well as in the Japanese version of it .


`` Somewhere Only We Know '' is a song by English band Keane . It is their third single .

`` Somewhere Only We Know '' is a song performed and composed by English alternative rock band Keane , officially released as their third commercial single , and appearing as the opening track of their debut album , Hopes and Fears as the first single .


Persecution is the mistreatment ( bad treatment ) of an individual or group by another group .

Persecution is the systematic mistreatment of an individual or group by another group .


Sacramento is the capital of the U.S. state of California .

Sacramento is the capital city of the U.S. state of California , and the county seat of Sacramento County .


As of 2006 , the city of West Sacramento took responsibility for the Port of Sacramento .


Sacramento is near where the American River meets the Sacramento River . This was important when Sacramento was founded .

Sacramento is home to Sacramento State ( California State University , Sacramento ) , founded as Sacramento State College in 1947 .


Sacramento is near where the American River meets the Sacramento River .

Sacramento is the capital city of the U.S. state of California , and the county seat of Sacramento County . It is located at the confluence of the Sacramento River and the American River in the northern portion of California 's expansive Central Valley .


jpg thumb ( 311x408 ) px right Annette Bening ) ) Annette Bening is an Oscar nominated actress notable for many films .

Annette Francine Bening ( born May 29 , 1958 ) is an American actress .


Lianzhu is the name of the game translated into Chinese .

Lianzhu is a Chinese translation of Renju .


Renju ( Japanese\/Chinese : é # ç ) is a version of the board game Gomoku .

Renju or Lianzhu ( Japanese\/Chinese : é # ç ) is the professional variant of Gomoku , a board game originated from Japan in Heian Period .


It is played with black and white stones on a Go board .

It is played with black and white stones on a 15x15 intersection Go board .


Up until 2005 , Higby led a group of wealthy Republicans called the New Majority PAC .

Until 2005 , Higby led a group of wealthy Republicans called the New Majority PAC .


Higby is the former assistant of the White House Chief of Staff H. R. Haldeman during the Nixon Administration .

Higby was assistant to White House Chief of Staff H. R. Haldeman during the Nixon Administration .


Ried-Brig is a municipality of the district of Brig in the canton of Valais in Switzerland .

Ried-Brig is a municipality in the district of Brig in the canton of Valais in Switzerland .


So the word Changdeokgung means ` the palace of prospering virtue ' .

The literal meaning of Changdeokgung ( æ å 3\/4 å ) is `` Palace of Prospering Virtue '' .


Yamaha has begun replacing corks not being used for sealing ( such as when sealing the joints of a clarinet ) with neoprene .

Musical instrument maker Yamaha has begun replacing corks not used for sealing ( such as sealing the joints of a clarinet or oboe ) with neoprene .


Backwell is a village in the county of Avon , in North Somerset .

Backwell is a suburban village and civil parish in Somerset , England .


Nailsea , Flax Bourton , Yatton , Brockley and Barrow Gurney are nearby .

Nearby are Nailsea , Flax Bourton , Yatton , Brockley and Barrow Gurney .


It is 7 m south west of Bristol , on the A370 to Weston-super-Mare .


Music theory is all about trying to understand how music works . Someone who makes a special study of music theory is a music theorist .

Music theory is the study of how music works .


Mykola Azarov is the incumbent Prime Minister as of March 11 , 2010 .

Mykola Azarov is the incumbent Prime Minister since March 11 , 2010 .


In astronomy , absolute magnitude is the apparent magnitude , m , an object would have if it were at a standard luminosity distance away from us , in the absence of interstellar extinction .

In astronomy , to derive absolute magnitude from the observed apparent magnitude of a celestial object its value is corrected from distance to its observer . The absolute magnitude then equals the apparent magnitude an object would have if it were at a standard luminosity distance ( 10 parsec ) away from the observer , in the absence of astronomical extinction .


It allows the overall brightnesses of objects to be compared without regard to distance .

It allows the true brightnesses of objects to be compared without regard to distance .


The submandibular glands are salivary gland . They are under the bottom part of the mouth .

The paired submandibular glands ( submaxillary glands ) are salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth .


The submandibular glands are salivary gland .

Because the glands are branched , and because the tubules forming the branches contain secretory cells , submandibular glands are classified as branched tubuloacinar glands . Further , because the secretory cells are of both serous and mucous types , the submandibular gland is a mixed gland , though it is mostly serous .


James Danforth `` Dan '' Quayle ( born February 4 , 1947 ) was the 44th Vice President of the United States , under George H. W. Bush .

James Danforth `` Dan '' Quayle ( Ë kweÉ l ; born February 4 , 1947 ) was the 44th Vice President of the United States , serving with President George H. W. Bush ( 1989 â `` 1993 ) .


Neuville-au-Cornet is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .

Neuville-au-Cornet is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .


In 1991 , Robson was diagnosed with colorectal cancer , from which he recovered the following year .

Since 1991 , Robson was repeatedly diagnosed as suffering from cancer .


In the summer of 1996 , Robson became manager at FC Barcelona . In his short time at the club , he signed Ronaldo and led the club to win the Spanish Cup , Spanish Super Cup and European Cup Winners ' Cup .

One of the key decisions Robson made during his brief tenure at Barcelona was the $ 19.5 million signing of Ronaldo , who was influential in a season when Barcelona won the Spanish Cup , Spanish Super Cup and European Cup Winners ' Cup .


Robson also won the 1992 Football Writers ' Association Tribute Award for an `` outstanding contribution to the national game '' . In 2001 he was awarded the British Sports Writers ' Association Pat Besford Trophy for Outstanding Achievement .

Robson also won the 1992 Football Writers ' Association Tribute Award for an outstanding contribution to the national game , and the 2001 British Sports Writers ' Association Pat Besford Trophy for Outstanding Achievement .


May 2008 saw the 30th anniversary celebrations of Ipswich Town 's 1978 FA Cup win . During this , Robson was granted the Freedom of Ipswich by the Lady Mayor .

On 5 May 2008 , during the 30th anniversary celebrations of Ipswich Town 's 1978 FA Cup win , Robson was granted the Freedom of Ipswich by the Lady Mayor .


In 1950 , the Fulham F.C. manager , Bill Dodgin , Sr. , visited Robson 's home . He offered Robson a contract to play professional football .

In May 1950 , Bill Dodgin , the Fulham manager made a personal visit to the Robson household to offer Bobby a professional contract .


He became an apprentice electrician but still played football .

Robson played football whenever he possibly could but also worked as an electrician 's apprentice for the National Coal Board in the Langley Park colliery .


On 8 December 2008 , he was given the Freedom of the City of Durham .

On 8 December 2008 , he earned another such accolade when he was given the Freedom of the City of Durham .


That year he was awarded the freedom of Newcastle upon Tyne . He also received the UEFA President 's Award for ` services to football ' .

In 2002 ( during his time as Newcastle manager ) , the 69-year-old Robson was awarded the freedom of Newcastle upon Tyne and the UEFA President 's Award for ` services to football ' .


Bobby Robson was given several honors for his contributions to football .

Bobby Robson was awarded a number of honors for his contributions to football .


In 2005 , he received a lifetime achievement award from the Sports Coach UK Awards , and was also awarded the Eircom International Personality of the Year in 2006 .

In 2005 he received a lifetime achievement award from the Sports Coach UK Awards , and was also awarded the Eircom International Personality of the Year in 2006 .


Fulham sold some important players after Robson came back to the team .

Gaunt refused to negotiate Robson 's contract , so Robson placed a transfer request and was sold to Fulham for Â # 20,000 in a deal which doubled his salary . Soon after Robson joined Fulham , the club sold Alan Mullery and Rodney Marsh , meaning Robson 's chances of securing any significant honor there were substantially reduced .


He was inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame in 2003 .

He was inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame in 2003 in recognition of his impact as a manager .


He also worked on ITV during the 2002 World Cup and the 2004 European Championship .

He also acted as a pundit for ITV during the 2002 World Cup and the 2004 European Championship .


The next year , Robson went back to England to work for the Football Association . Soon after his return , Newcastle United F.C. manager Ruud Gullit quit , and Robson took the manager 's job at St James ' Park .

After Robson 's contract expired , he returned to England to take up a position in the Football Association 's technical department , but following the resignation of Ruud Gullit at Newcastle United , Robson moved to St James ' Park in September 1999 .


In 1990 , after his eight years as England manager , he was awarded a CBE . In 2002 , he was knighted .

In 1990 , at the end of his eight-year reign as England manager , he was awarded a CBE and in 2002 , he was knighted ; both awards were for services to football .


Robson made his professional football debut for Fulham F.C. in 1950 .

Robson made his debut in 1950 for Fulham , recently promoted to the First Division , in a match against Sheffield Wednesday .


He spent six years at the club before moving to West Bromwich Albion for Â # 25,000 .

The transfer fee of Â # 25,000 was a club record for Albion at the time .


Robson was married to Elsie from 1955 until his death . They have three sons : Andrew , Paul and Mark .

Robson was married to Elsie from June 1955 until his death ; they have three sons : Andrew , Paul and Mark , all of whom survived him .


Robson has been in some advertisements , including Carlsberg 's `` Best Pub Side '' television advertisement .

Robson made a number of product endorsements , including an appearance in Carlsberg 's `` Best Pub Side '' television commercial .


Sir Robert ( Bobby ) William Robson ( 18 February 1933 - 31 July 2009 ) was a former English association footballer and manager .

Sir Robert William `` Bobby '' Robson , CBE ( 18 February 1933 â `` 31 July 2009 ) was an English footballer and manager , who coached seven European clubs and the England national team during his career .


He has had many operations including one in 2006 for a brain tumor .

He had several operations and , in 2006 , was operated on for on a brain tumor .


On 9 December 2007 , Robson was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award at the BBC 's Sports Personality of the Year .

On 9 December 2007 , Robson was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award at the BBC 's Sports Personality of the Year show in recognition of `` his contribution as both player and manager in a career spanning more than half a century '' .


In 2005 , Robson was made an Honorary Freeman of Newcastle . Robson said , in his autobiography , it was `` the proudest moment of my life '' .

Following his time as Newcastle United manager in 2005 , Robson was made an Honorary Freeman of Newcastle , which , in his autobiography , he described as being `` the proudest moment of my life '' .


On 13 January 2006 , Steve Staunton was selected as manager of the Republic of Ireland national team . Robson was named in a support role as `` International Football Consultant '' .

On 13 January 2006 , Steve Staunton was appointed manager of the Republic of Ireland national team , with Robson named in a support role as International Football Consultant .


For example , you might decide to create a ( template ) page with your mailing address and include that template on not only your page , but all your friends ' pages , too .

For example , you create a ( template ) page in Wikipedia with your home mailing address and then include that template not only on your page , but all your friends ' pages , too .


Timor is an island at the south end of the Malay Archipelago , north of the Timor Sea .

Timor is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia , north of the Timor Sea .


Timor is an island at the south end of the Malay Archipelago , north of the Timor Sea . It is divided between the independent state of East Timor , and West Timor , belonging to the Indonesian province of East Nusa Tenggara .

West Timor , was known as Dutch Timor until 1949 when it became Indonesian Timor , a part of the nation of Indonesia which was formed from the old Netherlands East Indies ; while East Timor was known as Portuguese Timor , a Portuguese colony until 1975 .


Capitol 's Hollywood headquarters is in a building called the Capitol Tower .

Capitol Records is a major United States-based record label , formerly located in Los Angeles , but currently operating in New York City as part of Capitol Music Group . Its former headquarters building , the Capitol Tower , is a major landmark near the corner of Hollywood and Vine .


Nusrat 's family has been performing qawwali for the last 600 years .

In 2004 , a tribute band called ( Brooklyn Qawwali Party ) ( formerly Brook 's Qawwali Party ) was formed in New York City by percussionist Brook Martinez to perform the music of Nusrat . The 13-piece group still performs mostly instrumental jazz versions of Nusrat 's qawwalis , using the instruments conventionally associated with jazz rather than those associated with qawwali .


It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the VendÃ e department in the west of France .

Bois-de-C Ã nÃ is a commune in the VendÃ e department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France .


The two most common types of modern hearing aids are behind the ear aids and in the ear aids .

Disposable hearing aids are hearing aids that have a non-replaceable battery . These aids are designed to use power sparingly , so that the battery lasts longer than batteries used in traditional hearing aids .


Les Neyrolles is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France .


Dhuizel is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .

Dhuizel is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France .


Saint-Jean-sur-Erve is a commune of 489 people ( 2007 ) . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France .

Saint-Jean-sur-Erve is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France .


VairÃ is a commune in the VendÃ e department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France .


In German DAX stands for Deutscher Aktien Index ( in English : German stock index ) . 30 companies are in this exchange .

The DAX ( Deutscher Aktien IndeX , formerly Deutscher Aktien-Index ( German stock index ) ) is a blue chip stock market index consisting of the 30 major German companies trading on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange .


The Ainu are an ethnic group . There are over 150,000 Ainu today .

As a result , many Ainu are indistinguishable from their Japanese neighbors , but some Ainu Japanese feels interested in traditional Ainu cultures .


It now is run exclusively by Ainu and operates mostly independently of the government . Other key institutions include The Foundation for Research and Promotion of Ainu Culture ( FRPAC ) , set up by the Japanese Government after enactment of the Ainu Culture Law in 1997 , the Hokkaido University Center for Ainu and Indigenous Studies established in 2007 , as well as museums and cultural centers .


He became a doctor of jurisprudence , and then in 1971 passed the second state examination .

He was awarded a doctorate of jurisprudence , and then in 1971 passed the second state examination with distinction .


On 18 January 2007 , he said he no longer wanted to be minister-president and party leader by 30 September , after having been criticize by his own party for weeks .

On 18 January 2007 , he announced his decision to step down from the posts of minister-president and party chairman by 30 September , after having been under fire in his own party for weeks .


Edmund RÃ 1\/4 diger Stoiber , German pronunciation : Ë É tmÊ nt Ë Ê tÉ '' Ê bÉ , ( born 28 September 1941 ) is a German politician . He used to be the Minister-President of the state of Bavaria and the leader of the Christian Social Union party ( CSU ) .

Edmund RÃ 1\/4 diger Stoiber ( born 28 September 1941 ) is a German politician , former minister-president of the state of Bavaria and former chairman of the Christian Social Union ( CSU ) .


From 1982 to 1986 he was a representative to the Bavarian secretary of the state and then a minister of state from 1982 to 1988 .

From 1982 to 1986 he served as deputy to the Bavarian secretary of the state and then as minister of state from 1982 to 1988 .


Stoiber was a student at Ignaz-G Ã 1\/4 nther-Gymnasium in Rosenheim , where he received his Abitur ( high school diploma ) in 1961 .

Stoiber attended the Ignaz-G Ã 1\/4 nther-Gymnasium in Rosenheim , where he received his Abitur ( high school diploma ) in 1961 , although he had to repeat one year for failing in Latin .


In 1998 , he was made leader of the CSU .

In 1998 , he also succeeded Theo Waigel as chairman of the CSU .


In 1978 Stoiber was elected secretary general of the CSU , which he stayed until 1982\/83 .

In 1978 Stoiber was elected secretary general of the CSU , a post he held until 1982\/83 .


In 2002 , Stoiber removed the leader of the CDU , Angela Merkel , and was made the joint CDU\/CSU 's candidate for the office of chancellor , with Gerhard SchrÃ der ( SPD ) as opponent .

In 2002 , Stoiber politically out-maneuvered the leader of the CDU , Angela Merkel , and was elected the CDU\/CSU 's candidate for the office of chancellor , challenging Gerhard SchrÃ der .


After his military service , Stoiber studied political science and later law in Munich .

Following his military service , Stoiber studied political science and then , in the fall 1962 in Munich , law .


Stoiber is a great football fan and he supports the FC Bayern Munich .

Stoiber is a keen football fan and he serves as Co-Chairman on the Advisory Board of FC Bayern Munich .


Gerhard SchrÃ der was elected again as chancellor by the parliament .

Gerhard SchrÃ der was re-elected as chancellor by the parliament in a coalition with the Greens .


From 1988 to 1993 he was the Bavarian Minister of the Interior and in May 1993 , the Bavarian Landtag ( parliament ) elected him as minister-president .

From 1988 to 1993 he served as Minister of the Interior and in May 1993 , the Bavarian Landtag ( parliament ) elected him as minister-president succeeding Max Streibl .


They have three children : Konstanze ( 1971 ) , Veronika ( 1977 ) , Dominik ( 1980 ) and three grandchildren : Johannes ( 1999 ) , Benedikt ( 2001 ) and Theresa Marie ( 2005 ) .

They have three children : Constanze ( 1971 ) , Veronica ( 1977 ) , Dominic ( 1980 ) and four grandchildren : Johannes ( 1999 ) , Benedikt ( 2001 ) , Theresa Marie ( 2005 ) and Ferdinand ( 2009 ) .


Before the 2002 election , the CSU\/CDU was on top of the opinion polls and Stoiber said that '' ... this election is like a football match where it 's the second half and my team is ahead by 2-0 '' , a quote that has become famous .

In the run up to the 2002 election the CSU\/CDU held a huge lead in the opinion polls and Stoiber famously remarked that '' ... this election is like a football match where it 's the second half and my team is ahead by 2-0 . ''


Football legend , FC Bayern President and Vice-President of the German Football Association , Franz Beckenbauer , on the other hand , showed his support for Stoiber by letting him join the German national football team on their flight home from Japan after the 2002 FIFA World Cup .

Football legend , former FC Bayern President and DFB Vice-President , Franz Beckenbauer , on the other hand , showed his support for Stoiber by letting him join the German national football team on their flight home from Japan after the 2002 FIFA World Cup .


Before he became a member of the Bavarian parliament in 1974 , he was a lawyer and worked at the University of Regensburg .

Prior to entering politics in 1974 and serving in the Bavarian parliament , he was a lawyer and worked at the University of Regensburg .


Before the 2002 election FC Bayern 's manager Uli HoeneÃ said he supported Stoiber and the CSU .

Before the 2002 election FC Bayern General Manager Uli HoeneÃ expressed his support for Stoiber and the CSU .


The SPD had a huge comeback and the CDU\/CSU got less votes . Both the SPD and CDU\/CSU had 38.5 % of the vote , but the SPD was ahead by 6,000 votes .

The SPD had mounted a huge comeback , and the CDU\/CSU was narrowly defeated ( though both the SPD and CDU\/CSU had 38.5 % of the vote , the SPD was ahead by a small 6,000 vote margin ) .


Stoiber 's religion is Roman Catholicism .


The maximum and default display width is 283 pixels but smaller maps can be displayed by setting to a different value .

The maximum and default display width is 283px , but smaller maps can be displayed by setting to a different value .


First the x and y coordinates in pixels must be found based on a map with a width of 288 pixels .

First , the x and y coordinates in pixels must be found using a map image with a width of 288px .


Large scale maps look different using this projection than those with which most are familiar .

Large scale maps , using this projection , look different than those with which most are familiar .


This table describes all fields which can be used in building infoboxes .

This table describes all parameters which can be used in building infoboxes .


is distance to offset the marker from the top edge of the map image in pixels .

is the pixel offset of the marker from the top edge of the map image .


Most maps use some other method of projection .

However , there are some large area maps that that use a familiar map projection . A list of large area maps that do not use equirectangular projection can be found here .


Depending on the value of the field , one of the following banners will be displayed below the name .

Depending on the value of the parameter , one of the following banners will be displayed below the name .


The second uses equirectangular projection .

A list of large area maps that do not use equirectangular projection can be found here .


These selected fields can be used to form a completely functional Infobox .

These selected parameters can be used to form a completely functional Infobox .


There are two mechanisms by which maps using a marker can be displayed .

There are two methods by which maps using a marker can be displayed .


These maps can be found at Location maps .

A list of maps can be found at Location maps .


If values for and are not specified and geographical coordinates are specified without the use of the template then a marker will be superimposed on the map selected from a set of map templates .

A marker can be superimposed on one of a set of special map templates . If a valid map name is specified this is the method the template will attempt to use .


The name you need to specify is the area name .

The value you need to specify is the area name .


is distance to offset the marker from the left edge of the map image in pixels .

is the pixel offset of the marker from the left edge of the map image .


The maps in this template set for large areas use equirectangular projection .

Many of the maps for large areas in this set of templates use equirectangular projection .


Brandon Jennings ( born September 23 , 1989 in Compton , California ) is a American basketball player who plays point guard for the Milwaukee Bucks of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) .

Brandon Jennings ( born September 23 , 1989 in Compton , California ) is an American professional basketball player for the Milwaukee Bucks of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) who plays at point guard .


Catalysis is the change in speed ( rate ) of a chemical reaction due to the help of a catalyst . Unlike other chemicals which take part in the reaction , a catalyst is not consumed by the reaction itself .

X + Y â ' Z As a catalyst is regenerated in a reaction , often only small amounts are needed to increase the rate of the reaction .


An example is when manganese oxide ( MnO2 ) is added to hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2 ) , and the hydrogen peroxide starts to break up into water and oxygen .

The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is in fact so slow that hydrogen peroxide solutions are commercially available . Upon the addition of a small amount of manganese dioxide , the hydrogen peroxide rapidly reacts according to the above equation .


A catalyst is something which changes the rate of a chemical reaction .

Catalysis is the change in rate of a chemical reaction due to the participation of a substance called a catalyst . Unlike other reagents that participate in the chemical reaction , a catalyst is not consumed by the reaction itself .


A catalyst may participate in many chemical reactions .

A catalyst may participate in multiple chemical transformations .


Catalysts that slow the reaction are called negative catalysts , or inhibitors .

Substances that interact with catalysts to slow the reaction are called inhibitors ( or negative catalysts ) .


Catalysis is the change in speed ( rate ) of a chemical reaction due to the help of a catalyst .

Catalysis is the change in rate of a chemical reaction due to the participation of a substance called a catalyst .


Unlike other chemicals which take part in the reaction , a catalyst is not consumed by the reaction itself .

Unlike other reagents that participate in the chemical reaction , a catalyst is not consumed by the reaction itself .


Amifontaine is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .

Amifontaine is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardy in northern France .


Vania King and Yaroslava Shvedova defeated Liezel Huber and Nadia Petrova , 2 â `` 6 , 6 â `` 4 , 7 â `` 6 ( 4 ) in the final .

Vania King and Yaroslava Shvedova defeated Liezel Huber and Nadia Petrova 2 â `` 6 , 6 â `` 4 , 7 â `` 6 ( 4 ) in the final .


Bryant is a city of the state of Arkansas in the United States of America .

Students in Bryant go to Bryant High School .


Arganchy is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

Arganchy is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .


CabriÃ res-d ` Aigues is a commune of 819 people ( 2006 ) . It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France .

CabriÃ res-d ` Aigues is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur region in southeastern France .


Below is the list of Wikipedia articles about basketball players who have played for the Dallas Mavericks NBA team .

This is a list of basketball players who have played in the NBA for the Dallas Mavericks .


Park Kun-Ha ( born 25 July 1971 ) is a former South Korean football player . He has played for Korea Republic national team .

Park Kun-Ha ( born 25 July 1971 in Daejeon , South Korea ) is a retired South Korean footballer and the coach of South Korea national under-23 football team .


Northeastern State University ( NSU ) is a public university in Tahlequah , Oklahoma , near the foot of the Ozark Mountains .

Northeastern State University ( NSU ) is a public university with its main campus located in Tahlequah , Oklahoma , at the foot of the Ozark Mountains .


Northeastern 's home , Tahlequah , is also the capital of the Cherokee Nation ) ) of Oklahoma .

Northeastern 's home , Tahlequah , is also the capital of The Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma .


Bouyon is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France .


Federal Hall was the first capitol building of the United States , and was the site where George Washington was inaugurate as America 's first president in 1789 . In 1700 , it was built and named as the New York City Hall , but was renamed to Federal Hall when it became the capitol under the United States Constitution .

Federal Hall , built in 1700 as New York 's City Hall , later served as the first capitol building of the United States of America under the Constitution , and was the site of George Washington 's inauguration as the first President of the United States .


Der Ring des Nibelungen ( The Ring of the Nibelung ( Alberich ) ) is a cycle of four operas by Richard Wagner .

Der Ring des Nibelungen ( The Ring of the Nibelung ) is a cycle of four epic operas ( or `` dramas '' to use the composer 's preferred term ) by the German composer Richard Wagner ( 1813 â `` 83 ) .


He is mentioned in the Palermo Stone inscriptions among a small number of kings of Lower Egypt .


Thesh , or Tjesh , Tesh etc , was a Predynastic ancient Egyptian king who ruled in the Nile Delta .

Thesh , also known as Tjesh and Tesh , was a Predynastic ancient Egyptian king who ruled in the Nile Delta .


He is known for being the first European since the Norse colonization of the Americas around 1000 AD to explore the Atlantic coast of North America between South and North Carolina and Newfoundland , including New York Harbor and Narragansett Bay in 1524 .

He is renowned as the first European since the Norse colonization of the Americas around AD 1000 to explore the Atlantic coast of North America between the Carolinas and Newfoundland , including New York Harbor and Narragansett Bay in 1524 .


Giovanni da Verrazzano ( 1485 -- 1528 ) was an Italian explorer of North America .

Giovanni da Verrazzano ( 1485 â `` 1528 ) was an Italian explorer of North America , in the service of the French crown .


Nothofagus is a kind of plant , also called southern beech .

Nothofagus ( type Nothofagus antarctica )


( ( Image : Dlink wireless router . jpg thumb right An example of a wireless router ) )

A wireless router is a device that performs the functions of a router but also includes the functions of a wireless access point and a network switch .


Valdo Filho ( born 12 January 1964 ) is a former Brazilian football player .

Valdo CÃ cents ndido de Oliveira Filho , simply Valdo ( born 12 January 1964 ) , is a retired Brazilian footballer , who played as a central midfielder .


Tangry is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .

Tangry is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .


The Kori Creek ( Urdu : Ú Ù Ø Û Ú Ø Û Ú ) is a tidal creek between the Kutch region of the Indian state of Gujarat and the Kachchhi region of the Pakistani province of Sindh .

The Kori Creek is a creek ( tidal ) in the Rann of Kachchh region of the Indian state of Gujarat and the Pakistani province of Sindh .


It lies in the Rann of Kutch marshland east of the Sir Creek , which is disputed between India and Pakistan .


Gebenstorf is a municipality of the district Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .

Gebenstorf is a municipality in the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .


Mar Thoma Darmo , a native of Mesopotamia , who was Metropolitan of the Assyrian Church of the East in India from 1952 to 1968 , based at Trichur separated from the Assyrian Church of the East .

In 1968 , the followers of the newly established church elected a rival catholicos-patriarch Mar Thoma Darmo while Mar Shimun XXIII continued as the official head of the Assyrian Church of the East . The elected catholicos-patriarch was a native of Mesopotamia , a former Metropolitan of the Church of the East in India from 1952 to 1968 based at Thrissur , India .


The Ancient Church of the East separated from the Assyrian Church of the East .

The schism arose in the Church of the East in 1964 in resistance to these changes made to the church , thereby causing two separate Church of the East branches to be created including the Ancient Church of the East headquartered in Baghdad and the Assyrian Church of the East headquartered in Chicago .


He became the head of the Ancient Church of the East in October 1968 and moved to Baghdad .

He became the head of the Ancient Church of the East in October 1968 and relocated to Baghdad .


Brion is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France .


New versions of Pages and Keynote were introduced , as was a new spreadsheet application , Numbers .

A new spreadsheet application , Numbers , was also introduced .


New versions of Pages and Keynote were introduced , as was a new spreadsheet application , Numbers . Despite this , hard disk space requirements were reduced from 1.85 GB in iWork '06 to 690 MB in iWork ' 08 .

In 2007 , Apple released iWork ' 08 , which contained a new spreadsheet application , Numbers .


iWork '08 was announced on August 7 , 2007 at a special event at Apple 's Cupertino campus .

The next version of the suite , iWork ' 08 , was announced and released on August 7 , 2007 at a special media event at Apple 's campus in Cupertino , California .


iWork '05 was launched on January 11 , 2005 and had the new version 2 of Keynote and the first release of Pages .

The first version of iWork , iWork ' 05 , was announced on January 11 , 2005 by Vardaan at the Macworld Conference & Expo and made available on January 22 in the United States and worldwide on January 29 . iWork '05 comprised two applications : Keynote 2 , a presentation creation program , and Pages , a word processor .


They are different from most plants because they have large crowns of compound leaves and a stout trunk .

Cycads are seed plants characterized by a large crown of compound leaves and a stout trunk .


The Danes were pioneers in developing commercial wind power during the 1970 â s and today almost half of the wind turbines around the world are produced by Danish manufacturers such as Vestas .

Wind power provided 18.9 % of electricity production and 24.1 % of generation capacity in Denmark in 2008 , Denmark was a pioneer in developing commercial wind power during the 1970s , and today almost half of the wind turbines around the world are produced by Danish manufacturers such as Vestas and Siemens Wind Power along with many component suppliers .


A marionette is a puppet that people control with strings called a manipulator from above .

A marionette 's puppeteer is called a manipulator .


It is the first game in the Ratchet & Clank series .

Released in 2002 , it is the first game in the Ratchet & Clank series .


Ratchet finds the small robot and calls him `` Clank '' .

Ratchet recovers the robot from the wreckage , nicknaming him `` Clank '' .


Ratchet is a made-up animal called a Lombax , who lives on Veldin . He wants to leave Veldin in his spaceship , and have adventures .

On Veldin , a lombax named Ratchet is constructing his spaceship when the robot crash-lands near his home .


They soon find out that Drek has a weapon called the `` Deplanetizer '' .

Combining their efforts , Ratchet and Clank learn that Drek has developed a weapon called the `` Deplanetizer '' .


He is going to destroy Veldin , Ratchet 's home , and this makes Ratchet angry .

Drek aims to use it to remove Veldin , Ratchet 's home planet , from the desired orbit of his newly constructed planet ; and this enrages Ratchet . On Veldin , Ratchet and Clank confront Drek , who is about to obliterate the planet .


But Ratchet and Clank kill Drek after a long fight , and use the Deplanetizer to destroy Drek 's new planet .

A battle ensues , after which Drek is killed . Ratchet uses the Deplanetizer to destroy Drek 's planet , sending meteorites falling towards Veldin .


It was released on November 7 , 2002 in North America , November 8 , 2002 in Europe , and December 3 , 2002 in Japan .

The game was first released in North America on November 4 , 2002 and then in Australia on November 6 , 2002 . It was later released in PAL regions on November 8 , 2002 , and in Japan on December 3 , 2002 .


Ratchet & Clank is a platforming and shooting game for the PlayStation 2 . It was made by Insomniac Games and published by Sony .

Ratchet & Clank is a 3D platformer\/shooter video game for the PlayStation 2 , developed by Insomniac Games and published by Sony .


Clank wants to stop Drek , and wants Ratchet to help him find a superhero called Captain Qwark , who he thinks will stop Drek . Clank fixes Ratchet 's ship , so that Ratchet will help him .

Clank urges Ratchet to continue their quest to confront Drek , but Ratchet is obsessed with getting revenge on Qwark .


Later on , Ratchet and Clank find Qwark .

After defeating the Snagglebeast , Ratchet becomes increasingly bitter and hostile towards Clank , angry that he let Qwark get the better of them . Clank urges Ratchet to continue their quest to confront Drek , but Ratchet is obsessed with getting revenge on Qwark .


Clank fixes Ratchet 's ship , so that Ratchet will help him .

A meteor impact throws both Ratchet and Clank off of the platform ; Clank manages to grab onto the ledge and catch Ratchet , but the strain of supporting Ratchet 's weight causes heavy damage to Clank 's arm . Ratchet offers to repair Clank , and as the game ends they walk off together as a team .


Clank wants to stop Drek , and wants Ratchet to help him find a superhero called Captain Qwark , who he thinks will stop Drek .

Fearing that Drek will destroy the galaxy , Clank asks Ratchet to help him find the famous superhero Captain Qwark , in an effort to stop Drek .


Mendocino County is a county in Northern California .

Mendocino County has nine Indian reservations lying within its borders , the fourth most of any county in the United States ( after San Diego County , California ; Sandoval County , New Mexico ; and Riverside County , California ) .


The Japan Cup is the most important horse race in Japan .

The Japan Cup is the most prestigious horse race run in Japan .


The Hyundai Accent is a car produced by Hyundai since 1994 .

The Hyundai Verna is marketed in the U.S. as the Hyundai Accent .


The Hyundai Accent is a car produced by Hyundai since 1994 . It is the successor of the Pony , and it is now in its Third generation .

In France , it was called the Hyundai Pony .


Jorge Otero ( born 28 January , 1969 ) is a former Spanish football player .

Jorge Otero Bouzas ( born January 28 , 1969 in NigrÃ n , Pontevedra , Galicia ) is a retired Spanish footballer , in the defender role .


Petticoats were revived by Christian Dior in his full-skirted New Look of 1947 . Tiered , ruffled , stiffened petticoats remained extremely popular during the 1950s , especially with teenage girls .

Petticoats were revived by Christian Dior in his full-skirted `` New Look '' of 1947 and tiered , ruffled , stiffened petticoats remained extremely popular during the 1950s , especially with teenage girls .


A narrow slip was usually worn under the petticoats , especially the crinoline type , because they tended to be ` scratchy ' .

A narrow slip was usually worn under the petticoats , especially the crinoline type , because they tended to be `` scratchy '' .


Certainly multiple petticoats were not needed for the narrow skirts and dresses which were fashionable .

For the first two decades of the twentieth century , multiple petticoats fell out of fashion ; narrow , sometimes tight , skirts became more common . Then , in the late 1920s , chiffon dresses with several sheer petticoats became fashionable .


Michaels was and still is the only wrestler to have held both the WWF Championship and the European title at the same time .

Michaels is the only wrestler to have held both the WWF Championship and the European title at the same time .


When Shawn Michaels won the belt , it made him the first Grand Slam Champion in WWE .

With Shawn Michaels winning the belt , it made him the first Grand Slam Champion in WWE .


RVD 's title reign is not listed in the official European title history on WWE 's official website , and therefore he is not credited with being a Eurocontinental Champion , but is mentioned in RVD 's profile .

RVD 's title reign is not listed in the official European title history on WWE 's official website , but is acknowledged in RVD 's profile and in WWE 's official encyclopedia ( It should be noted that despite the fact that RVD also won and merged the WWE Hardcore Championship in the same fashion , he is recognized as the final Hardcore Champion in WWE 's website ) .


The first and longest reigning champion , The British Bulldog became the first Champion after winning a tournament that was held over several shows in Germany , culminating in a finals victory over Owen Hart .

The WWF European Championship , as it was then known , emerged in 1997 when The British Bulldog became the first Champion after winning a tournament that was held over several shows in Germany , culminating in a finals victory over Owen Hart .


The WWE European Championship was retired in a ladder match on July 22 , 2002 when Rob Van Dam put his WWE Intercontinental Championship on the line , along with Jeff Hardy 's European Championship in a winner-take-all type match .

The WWE European Championship , as it was next known , was retired in a ladder match on July 22 , 2002 when Rob Van Dam ( RVD ) put his WWE Intercontinental Championship on the line , along with Jeff Hardy 's European Championship .


The WWE European Championship is a former championship for World Wrestling Entertainment . It was first established as the ` WWF European Championship ' .

The WWE European Championship was originally known as the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) European Championship .


When RVD won the match he merged the two titles together , and continued to hold the Intercontinental Title .

By winning that match , RVD merged the two titles together , and continued to hold the Intercontinental Title .


Skyline is a city in Blue Earth County , Minnesota in the United States .

Skyline is a city in Blue Earth County , Minnesota , United States .


330 people were living in Skyline as of 2000 .

The population was 330 at the 2000 census .


Mycology is closely related to phytopathology ( the study of plant diseases ) because most plant diseases are caused by fungi .

From mycology arose the field of phytopathology , the study of plant diseases , and the two disciplines remain closely related because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi .


Perry Arthur Satullo ( born October 25 , 1966 in Cleveland , Ohio ) is a retired American professional wrestler who is best known for wrestling with WWF and Extreme Championship Wrestling ( ECW ) under the ring name , Perry Saturn .

Perry Arthur Satullo ( born October 25 , 1966 ) is an American retired professional wrestler , better known by his ring name , Perry Saturn . Since debuting in 1990 , Saturn wrestled for Extreme Championship Wrestling ( ECW ) , World Championship Wrestling ( WCW ) and World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) .


These villages have many nice , older buildings whereas Hassocks village center was mainly built after World War Two .

These villages have many picturesque older buildings whereas Hassocks village center is primarily post WW2 .


It currently caters for around 180 pupils .

It currently caters for around 210 pupils .


It is quite expensive to buy a house in Hassocks , though it is not quite as expensive as neighbouring Ditchling and Hurstpierpoint .

This is an expensive commuter area and Hassocks is near the top end for property prices in the region , though it is not quite as expensive as neighbouring Ditchling and Hurstpierpoint .


Today Hassocks has lots of shops and a well-used community center called Adastra Hall .

Today Hassocks has a wide variety of shops including two cafes , specialist shops like the long established delicatessen , an optician , a couple of restaurants , ( Indian and Chinese ) and a well-used community center called Adastra Hall .


It can be found about 7 m north of Brighton , and nearly 7000 people live there . Hassocks has grown since the 19th century , when work started on the London to Brighton railway .

Located approximately 7 m north of Brighton , with a population of 6,821 , the area now occupied by Hassocks was just a collection of small houses and a coaching house until the 19th century , when work started on the London to Brighton railway .


Hassocks Infant School is a maintained infant school for pupils aged 4 to 7 .

Hassocks Infant School is a maintained infant school for pupils aged 4 to 7 and built in 1877 as a Victorian Board School .


Over 6,000 workmen were hired for up to two years building , blasting and clearing rubble beneath the South Downs to create Clayton Tunnel .

Over 6,000 navvies were hired for up to two years building , blasting and clearing rubble beneath the South Downs to create Clayton Tunnel .


There are regular train services to London and Brighton .

First Capital Connect and Southern provide regular train services to London and Brighton .


Hassocks is a large village in West Sussex , England .

Hassocks is a large village and civil parish in the Mid Sussex district of West Sussex , England .


There are Interstate Highways in Alaska that get money from the government .

There are four officially designated Interstate Highways in Alaska , even though the routes do not connect directly to any highways in the contiguous United States , except either by the Alaska Marine Highway System ferries or via Canadian highways .


Trevor Letowski ( born April 5 , 1977 in Thunder Bay , Ontario ) is a retired Canadian professional ice hockey right winger who played in the National Hockey League with the Phoenix Coyotes , Vancouver Canucks , Columbus Blue Jackets and the Carolina Hurricanes .

Trevor Letowski ( born April 5 , 1977 ) is a retired Canadian professional ice hockey right winger who played in the NHL with the Phoenix Coyotes , Vancouver Canucks , Columbus Blue Jackets and the Carolina Hurricanes .


Marlene Dietrich ; ( December 27 , 1901 â `` May 6 , 1992 ) was a German actress , singer , and entertainer .

Marlene Dietrich ( ; 27 December 1901 â `` 6 May 1992 ) was a German actress and singer .


William B. Watterson II ( born July 5 , 1958 ) is an American artist and cartoonist .

William Boyd Watterson II ( b. July 5 , 1958 ) , known as Bill Watterson , is an American cartoonist and the author of the influential and popular comic strip Calvin and Hobbes .


He is most famous for his comic strip , `` Calvin and Hobbes '' which was published between 1985 and 1995 .

His career as a syndicated cartoonist ran from 1985 to 1995 ; he stopped drawing Calvin and Hobbes at the end of 1995 with a short statement to newspaper editors and his readers that he felt he had achieved all he could in the comic strip medium .


Stefano Fiore ( born 17 April 1975 ) is an Italian football player .

Stefano Fiore ( born April 17 , 1975 in Cosenza ) is an Italian football player who can play as an attacking midfielder or on the wing .


Jack Bauer is the main character in the television series 24 .

Jack Bauer is the main protagonist of the American television series 24 .


Adam Sandler ( born September 9 , 1966 ) is a Jewish American comedian , actor , musician , screenwriter , and film producer .

Adam Richard Sandler ( born September 9 , 1966 ) is an American actor , comedian , singer , screenwriter , musician , and film producer .


In an interview Tajiri noted the contrast between the character 's relationship in the games and anime ; while in the games , trainers Red and Blue were rivals , in the anime , Shigeru represented Satoshi 's mentor .

In an interview Tajiri noted the contrast between the character 's relationship in the games and anime ; while in the games they were rivals , in the anime , Shigeru represented Satoshi 's master .


In both the games and anime , the character was given a rival , in the latter this rival was named Gary ( named Shigeru in the Japanese version , after Tajiri 's idol\/mentor , Nintendo legend Shigeru Miyamoto ) .


At the start of the series , ten-year-old Ash is starting out as a beginner PokÃ mon trainer in Pallet Town , his hometown .

At the start of the series , ten year old Ash started out as a beginner PokÃ mon trainer in Pallet Town , his hometown .


In Pocket Monsters Zensho , Satoshi ( as Ash is known in Japanese ) starts with Charmander instead of Pikachu .

In Pocket Monsters Zensho , Satoshi ( as Ash is known in Japan ) starts with Charmander instead of Pikachu .


In The Electric Tale of Pikachu , it is based on Ash 's journey up until the end of the Orange Islands travel .

The Electric Tale of Pikachu is based on Ash 's journey up until the end of the Orange Islands travel .


Since his departure , Ash has traveled the world of PokÃ mon , competed in many challenges , and catching many PokÃ mon. .

Since his departure , Ash has traveled the World of PokÃ mon , competed in many challenges , and caught newer PokÃ mon. .


Veronica Taylor provided the voice of Ash in seasons one through eight of the English adaption of the PokÃ mon anime .

Veronica Taylor provided the voice of Ash in the first eight seasons of the English adaption of the PokÃ mon anime , which was dubbed by 4Kids Entertainment .


Sarah Natochenny replaced Taylor in season nine when PokÃ mon International took over the dubbing rights .

Sarah Natochenny replaced Taylor in season nine when The PokÃ mon Company International ( known at that time as PokÃ mon USA ) took over the dubbing rights .


When asked if in either instance Satoshi would surpass his rival , Tajiri replied `` No !

When asked if either Satoshi would equal or surpass Shigeru , Tajiri replied `` No !


Named after his and PokÃ mon series creator Satoshi Tajiri , Satoshi was designed by Ken Sugimori and Atsuko Nishida , and intended to represent Tajiri as a child . .

Named after PokÃ mon creator Satoshi Tajiri , Satoshi was designed by Ken Sugimori and Atsuko Nishida , and intended to represent how Tajiri was as a child , obsessed with collecting creatures .


During localization of both for North American audiences , the character 's name was changed in the anime to `` Ash Ketchum '' , the first name taken from one of the possible default names players could select for the character in the games , and the surname tying into 4Kids former tagline for the series , `` Gotta catch 'em all ! ''

During localization of both for North American audiences , the character 's name was changed in the anime to `` Ash Ketchum '' , the first name taken from one of the possible default names players could select for the player character in PokÃ mon Red and Blue , and the surname tying into 4Kids ' former tagline for the series , `` Gotta catch 'em all ! ''


Tajiri noted in an interview that between Japanese and American reactions to the series , Japanese consumers focused on Pikachu , while Americans purchased more items featuring Ash and Pikachu together .

Tajiri noted in an interview that between Japanese and American reactions to the series , Japanese consumers focused on the character Pikachu , while Americans purchased more items featuring Ash and Pikachu , his PokÃ mon , together .


`` Luckily , I work with a great director who helps with the interpretation of the line , matching of the lip flap , and consistency of the voice . ''


At the end of the series , The Ash & Pikachu manga is similar , although it has the episodes from the anime like `` The Fortune Hunters '' and `` A Goldenrod Opportunity '' combined , but with a couple of changes .


Manga author Toshihiro Ono cited Ash as one of his favorite characters to draw for the series , stating `` I want to go on a trip with Misty just like him !

Manga author Toshihiro Ono cited Ash as one of his favorite characters to draw for the series , stating , `` I want to go on a trip with Misty just like him !


The term ` clade ' was coined by English biologist Julian Huxley .

The term was coined in 1958 by English biologist Julian Huxley .


A clade is a group of organisms with a common ancestor and all the next generations of that ancestor . Such a clade is monophyletic .

A clade is termed monophyletic , meaning it contains one ancestor which can be an organism , population , or species and all its descendants .


Pierre Boulle ( 1912 - 1994 ) was a French writer .

Pierre Boulle ( 20 February 1912 â `` 30 January 1994 ) was a French novelist largely known for two famous works , The Bridge over the River Kwai ( 1952 ) and Planet of the Apes ( 1963 ) .


La Liga is a football league which is top division in Spain .

The Primera DivisiÃ n ( First Division ) of the Liga de FÃ tbol Profesional ( Professional Football League ) , commonly known as La Liga ( The League ) or , for sponsorship reasons , Liga BBVA ( BBVA League ) since 2008 , is the top professional association football league in Spain .


Elliot Gould ( born as Elliott Goldstein ) ( born August 29 , 1938 ) is a well-known American actor .

Elliott Gould ( born Elliot Goldstein ; August 29 , 1938 ) is an American actor .


He is mostly known for his roles in many films including M \* A \* S \* H ( 1970 ) , Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice ( 1970 ) , and Ocean 's Eleven ( 2001 ) .

Some of his most notable films include M \* A \* S \* H and Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice , for which he received an Oscar nomination .


The Asiatic Lion ( Panthera leo persica ) is a subspecies of the lion .

The Asiatic lion ( Panthera leo persica ) or Indian Lion is a subspecies of the lion .


Katonah is a hamlet in the town of Bedford in Westchester , New York .

Katonah , New York is one of three unincorporated hamlets within the town of Bedford , New York , United States .