His parents and brother ran away to Warsaw where they were arrested by the Soviets and sent to labor camps .

His parents and brother fled Warsaw , only to be arrested and sent to Soviet labor camps .


In 1955 and again in 1958 Hurwicz was a visiting professor , and a fellow on the second visit , at Stanford University and there in 1959 he published `` Optimality and Informational Efficiency in Resource Allocation Processes '' on making rules for buyers and sellers and governments share wealth .

In 1955 and again in 1958 Hurwicz was a visiting professor , and a fellow on the second visit , at Stanford University and there in 1959 published `` Optimality and Informational Efficiency in Resource Allocation Processes '' on mechanism design .


Hurwicz was forced to move to Switzerland , then to Portugal and finally in 1940 he moved to the United States .

Hurwicz , who had graduated from Warsaw University in 1938 , at the time of Nazi invasion on Poland was in London , moved to Switzerland then to Portugal and finally in 1940 he emigrated to the United States .


Hurwicz works as Regents Professor of Economics ( head teacher of economics ) at the University of Minnesota .

Hurwicz was Regents ' Professor of Economics ( Emeritus ) at the University of Minnesota .


The three Nobel prize winners used game theory work by mathematician John Forbes Nash , to discover the best way to reach a good outcome , without forgetting individual people .

The winners applied game theory , a field advanced by mathematician John Forbes Nash , to discover the best and most efficient means to reach a desired outcome , taking into account individuals ' knowledge and self-interest , which may be hidden or private .


In 1938 Hurwicz got a degree from Warsaw University .

Encouraged by his father to study law , in 1938 Hurwicz received his LL . M. degree from the University of Warsaw , where he discovered his future vocation in economics class .


He enjoyed studying in economics class and went to the London School of Economics with Nicholas Kaldor and Friedrich Hayek .

He then studied at the London School of Economics with Nicholas Kaldor and Friedrich Hayek .


Leonid and Evelyn got married in 1944 and later , lived on the Mississippi River parkway in Minneapolis , Minnesota .

They married in 1944 and later lived on the Mississippi River parkway in Minneapolis , Minnesota .


When Eugene McCarthy ran for president of the United States ( 1968 ) , Hurwicz was a Minnesota delegate to the Democratic Party Convention and a member of the Democratic Party Platform Committee .

When Eugene McCarthy ran for president of the United States , Hurwicz served in 1968 as a McCarthy delegate from Minnesota to the Democratic Party Convention and a member of the Democratic Party Platform Committee .


Hurwicz is part of teams who edit several journals .

Hurwicz served on the editorial board of several journals .


Hurwicz had the idea of putting Abraham Walds work together with work done by Pierre-Simon Laplace in 1812 .

Hurwicz combined Wald 's ideas with work done in 1812 by Pierre-Simon Laplace .


He was also a research professor of economics and statistics at the University of Illinois , a consultant to the RAND Corporation for the University of Chicago and a consultant to the U.S. government .

He was also a research professor of economics and mathematical statistics at the University of Illinois , a consultant to the RAND Corporation through the University of Chicago and a consultant to the U.S. Bureau of the Budget .


In the 1950s , he worked with Kenneth Arrow on non-linear programming . Kenneth Arrow became the youngest person to receive the Nobel Economics prize in 1972 .

In the 1950s , he worked with Kenneth Arrow on non-linear programming ; in 1972 Arrow became the youngest person to receive the Nobel Economics prize .


In 1974 he was made a part of the National Academy of Sciences and in 1977 was made a Distinguished Fellow of the American Economic Association .

In 1974 he was inducted into the National Academy of Sciences and in 1977 was named a Distinguished Fellow of the American Economic Association .


Hurwicz was voted to be a fellow of the Econometric Society in 1947 and in 1969 was the Econometric Societys president .

Hurwicz was elected a fellow of the Econometric Society in 1947 and in 1969 was the society 's president .


During a telephone interview , a member of the Nobel Foundation told Hurwicz and his wife that Hurwicz is the oldest person ever to win the Nobel Prize .

During a telephone interview , a representative of the Nobel Foundation told Hurwicz and his wife that Hurwicz was the oldest person to win the Nobel Prize .


From January 1942 until June 1946 , he was a researcher for the Cowles Commission .

From January 1942 until June 1946 , he was a research associate for the Cowles Commission .


He taught subjects ranging from theory to welfare economics , public economics , rules for large companies and mathematical economics .

He taught subjects ranging from theory to welfare economics , public economics , mechanisms and institutions and mathematical economics .


In 1946 he became a professor of economics at Iowa State College .

In 1946 he became an associate professor of economics at Iowa State College .


After moving to the United States he studied more economics at Harvard University and the University of Chicago .

After moving to the United States he continued his studies at Harvard University and the University of Chicago .


Hurwicz was given a job by Walter Heller at the University of Minnesota in 1951 , where he became a professor of economics and mathematics in the School of Business Administration .

Hurwicz was recruited by Walter Heller to the University of Minnesota in 1951 , where he became a professor of economics and mathematics in the School of Business Administration .


In 1941 Hurwicz was helping Paul Samuelson to teach at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and helping Oskar Lange to teach at the University of Chicago .

In 1941 Hurwicz was a research assistant to Paul Samuelson at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and to Oskar Lange at the University of Chicago .


In 1939 he moved to Geneva where he studied at the Graduate Institute of International Studies and studied Ludwig von Mises teaching .

In 1939 he moved to Geneva where he studied at the Graduate Institute of International Studies and attended the seminar of Ludwig von Mises .


In the University of Minnesota in 1961 , Hurwicz became chairman of the Statistics Department , Regents Professor of Economics in 1969 , and Curtis L. Carlson Regents Professor of Economics in 1989 .

Back at Minnesota , Hurwicz became chairman of the Statistics Department in 1961 , Regents Professor of Economics in 1969 , and Curtis L. Carlson Regents Professor of Economics in 1989 .


John Ledyard ( 2007 ) , Robert Lucas , Roger Myerson , Edward C. Prescott , James Quirk , Nancy Stokey and Neil Wallace are some of the people who have given the lecture since it was thought to be important in 1992 .

John Ledyard ( 2007 ) , Robert Lucas , Roger Myerson , Edward C. Prescott , James Quirk , Nancy Stokey and Neil Wallace are among those who have delivered the lecture since it was inaugurated in 1992 .


In October 2007 , Hurwicz shared The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel with Eric Maskin of the Institute for Advanced Study and Roger Myerson of the University of Chicago `` for having laid the foundations of mechanism design theory . ''

In October 2007 , Hurwicz shared the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences with Eric Maskin of the Institute for Advanced Study and Roger Myerson of the University of Chicago `` for having laid the foundations of mechanism design theory . ''


Professor Hurwicz does not have a degree in economics but he won the Nobel prize for economics in 2007 .


Hurwicz received a Guggenheim Fellowship for 1945 â `` 1946 .

Hurwicz received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1945 â `` 1946 .


When he was asked what the most important part of mechanism design is , he said welfare economics .

When asked which of all the applications of mechanism design he was most pleased to see he said welfare economics .


The movie was shot in Maqbuza Kashmir , Assam , Delhi and other parts of India and Bhutan over a period of 55 days .

The film was shot in Himachal , Kashmir , Assam , Delhi , Kerala and other parts of India and Bhutan over a period of 55 days .


It stars Shahrukh Khan , Manisha Koirala , and Preity Zinta .

The film stars Shahrukh Khan , Manisha Koirala , and Preity Zinta .


It was produced by Mani Ratnam and Ram Gopal Varma along with Shekar Kapur .

It was produced by Mani Ratnam and Ram Gopal Varma in conjunction with Shekhar Kapur .


The movie score and soundtrack were composed by A. R. Rahman .

The film 's score and soundtrack were composed by A. R. Rahman .


Dil Se ( Hindi : à à à à à , Urdu : Ø Ù Ø Û ' , translation : From the Heart ) is a 1998 Hindi movie . It was Film directordirected by Mani Ratnam .

Dil Se ( Hindi : , translation : From the Heart ) is a 1998 Hindi film directed by Mani Ratnam .


Mani Ratnam also wrote the screenplay for the movie .

Mani Ratnam also wrote the screenplay for the film .


The soundtrack features 5 songs composed by A. R. Rahman , with lyrics by Gulzar .


Capu CÃ cents mpului is a commune found in Suceava County , Romania .

Capu CÃ cents mpului is a commune located in Suceava County , Romania .


Kaiserstuhl is a municipality of the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .

Kaiserstuhl is a municipality in the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .


The normative Christology of the Assyrian church was written by Babai the Great ( 551 -- 628 ) and is clearly different from the accusations of dualism directed toward Nestorius : his main christological work is called the ` Book of the Union ' , and in it Babai teaches that the two qnome ( essences ) are unmingled but everlastingly united in the one parsopa ( personality ) of Christ .

The normative Christology of the Assyrian church was written by Babai the Great ( 551 â `` 628 ) during the controversy that followed the First Council of Ephesus ( 451 ) . Babai held that within Christ there exist two qnome ( essences , or hypostases ) , unmingled , but everlastingly united in the one parsopa ( personality ) .


The church is currently headed by Mar Dinkha IV .

The church is headed by the Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East , currently Mar Dinkha IV .


The Peugeot 406 is a automobile produced by Peugeot .

The Peugeot 406 is a large family car made by the French automaker Peugeot from 1995 to 2004 . Available in saloon , estate and coupÃ bodystyles with a choice of petrol or turbodiesel engines , the 406 replaced the Peugeot 405 in Peugeot 's lineup , and was itself replaced by the Peugeot 407 .


Ville MÃ nkkÃ nen , born in 1983 , is a Finnish painter and PC game programmer .

Ville MÃ nkkÃ nen ( born 1983 ) is a Finnish PC game programmer and painter .


The Romanesque style in England is called Norman architecture .

The Romanesque style in England is more traditionally referred to as Norman architecture .


Romanesque architecture is a term that describes the style of architecture which was used in Europe from the late 10th century until the 12th century when it changed to the Gothic style .

Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of Medieval Europe , characterized by semi-circular arches , and evolving into the Gothic style , characterised by pointed arches , beginning in the 12th century . Although there is no consensus for the beginning date of the style , with proposals ranging from the 6th to the 10th centuries , examples can be found across the continent , making Romanesque architecture the first pan-European architectural style since Imperial Roman Architecture .


Eventually he would find his way to the other side of the country to play for the Boston Bruins in the National Hockey League where he scored the first goal in the teams history .

He would also play for the National Hockey Leagues Boston Bruins , scoring the first goal in franchise history .


After spending some time with the Millionaires he moved on to play for the Seattle Metropolitans and Portland Rosebuds .

He would also play for the Seattle Metropolitans and Portland Rosebuds .


Harris began playing professional ice hockey with the Vancouver Millionaires in 1911 .

Harris started his professional hockey career with the Vancouver Millionaires in 1911 .


Paliseul is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Luxembourg .

Paliseul is a municipality of Belgium . It lies in the country 's Walloon Region and Luxembourg Province .


A diode is an electronic component with two electrodes which a signal can flow between ( but thermionic diodes can have one or two more electrodes ) .

Although the crystal semiconductor diode was popular before the thermionic diode , thermionic and solid state diodes were developed in parallel .


The most common function of a diode is to allow an electric current to flow in one direction and to block it in the opposite direction .

The most common function of a diode is to allow an electric current to pass in one direction ( called the diode 's forward direction ) while blocking current in the opposite direction ( the reverse direction ) .


There are many kinds of diode . For example , Schottky Diode , LED ( Light Emitting Diode ) , Photo Diode , Laser Diode , Varactor Diode , Current Regulator Diode , PIN Diode , Tunnel Diode , Step Recovery Diode , IMPATT Diode , etc.

The use of the diode equation in circuit problems is illustrated in the article on diode modeling .


Today , the most common diodes are made from semiconductor materials such as silicon or germanium .

Today most diodes are made of silicon , but other semiconductors such as germanium are sometimes used .


For example , Schottky Diode , LED ( Light Emitting Diode ) , Photo Diode , Laser Diode , Varactor Diode , Current Regulator Diode , PIN Diode , Tunnel Diode , Step Recovery Diode , IMPATT Diode , etc.

The most common function of a diode is to allow an electric current to pass in one direction ( called the diode 's forward direction ) while blocking current in the opposite direction ( the reverse direction ) . Thus , the diode can be thought of as an electronic version of a check valve .


Dayton is a city of Kentucky in the United States .

Dayton had a ferry crossing , established in this area by the early 19th century , at the foot of what 's now Dayton Street .


A headband is an accessory that is made to fit over or around the head , usually to hold hair away from the face or sweat out of the eyes .

A headband is a clothing accessory worn in the hair or around the forehead , usually to hold hair away from the face or eyes .


They come in many shapes and sizes and are used for both practical and fashion reasons .

They come in assorted shapes and sizes and are used for both practical and fashion purposes .


Toni Turek is a former football player .

Toni Turek , real name Anton Turek , ( 18 January 1919 â `` 11 May 1984 ) was a German football goalkeeper . Turek was born in Duisburg .


Tadahiro Akiba ( born 13 October 1975 ) is a Japanese football player .

Tadahiro Akiba is a Japanese footballer and manager .


He is currently the playing manager of Sagamihara .


In the context of witchcraft , `` broomstick '' is likely to refer to the broom as a whole .

In the context of witchcraft , broomstick is likely to refer to the broom as a whole .


Despite the association with women , in 1453 , the first known case of claiming to have flown on a broomstick is recorded , confessed by the male witch Guillaume Edelin . .


A broom is a cleaning tool . It consists of stiff fibers attached to , and roughly parallel to , a cylindrical handle , the broomstick .

A broom is a cleaning tool consisting of stiff fibers attached to , and roughly parallel to , a cylindrical handle , the broomstick .


Though most of them were published as Dr. Seuss , he also wrote 13 books as Theo . LeSieg and one as Rosetta Stone ( a pun on the Rosetta Stone ) .

Though most were published under his well-known pseudonym , Dr. Seuss , he also authored over a dozen books as Theo LeSieg and one as Rosetta Stone .


In his long life Geisel wrote more than 60 books .

Over the course of his long career , Geisel wrote over 60 books .


Theodor Seuss Geisel is one of the most popular children 's authors of all time . His books have sold over 222 million copies and been translated into more than 15 languages .

As one of the most popular children 's authors of all time , Geisel 's books have topped many bestseller lists , sold over 222 million copies , and been translated into more than 15 languages .


In the years after his death in 1991 , several books have been published based on his sketches and notes ; these include Hooray for Diffendoofer Day !

In the years after his death in 1991 , several additional books have been published based on his sketches and notes ; these include Hooray for Diffendoofer Day !


Complementary angles are two angles that when their measurements are added together is equal to 90 degrees .

A pair of angles are complementary if the sum of their measures is 90 degrees .


It is made by the Zondervan Company . It became one of the most popular modern translations made in the twentieth century .

Published by Zondervan in the United States , it has become one of the most popular modern translations in history .


The New International Version or NIV is an English translation of the Christian Bible .

The New International Version is an English translation of the Christian Bible .


The New International Version or NIV is an English translation of the Christian Bible . It is made by the Zondervan Company .

According to Zondervan , publisher of the NIV , the translation has become the most popular modern English translation of the Bible , having sold more than 215 million copies worldwide .


Ewan Gordon McGregor ( born March 31 1971 ) is a Scottish actor who has had a lot of success in both mainstream and indie films .

Ewan Gordon McGregor ( born 31 March 1971 ) is a Scottish actor . He has had success in mainstream , indie and art house films .


His brother-in-law , Pete Backor , was the first Stanley Cup winner of Slovak descent .

He was brother-in-law to the first Stanley Cup winner of Slovak descent Pete Backor who played for Toronto Maple Leafs in the NHL .


He also was of Slovak descent , since both of his parents were born in what is today Slovakia .

He himself is also of Slovak descent , having both parents born in what is today Slovakia ( Orava region ) .


Aside from these simple ions and molecules , virtually all compounds covered by biochemistry contain carbon and can be considered organic or organometallic .

Aside from these simple ions and molecules , virtually all compounds covered by bioinorganic chemistry contain carbon and can be considered organic or organometallic .


Sodium , chloride , and phosphate ions are essential for life , as are some inorganic molecules such as nitrogen , carbon dioxide , water and oxygen .

Sodium , chloride , and phosphate ions are essential for life , as are some inorganic molecules such as carbonic acid , nitrogen , carbon dioxide , water and oxygen .


The Talmud has two parts , the Mishnah and the Gemara . The Mishnah was written down about 200 C. E , it is about the oral laws of Judaism .

The Talmud has two components : the Mishnah ( c. 200 CE ) , the first written compendium of Judaism 's Oral Law ; and the Gemara ( c. 500 CE ) , a discussion of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Tanakh .


In 1945 , his Conservative party lost an election , and he stopped being Prime Minister .

After the Conservative Party lost the 1945 election , he became Leader of the Opposition .


However , he became Prime Minister again in 1951 , which he was until 1955 .

In 1951 , he again became Prime Minister , before retiring in 1955 .


Different attack models are used for other cryptographic systems , or more generally for all kind of security systems .

Different attack models are used for other cryptographic primitives , or more generally for all kind of security systems .


Attack models or attack types specify how much information a cryptanalyst has access to when breaking or cracking an encrypted message , commonly known as codebreaking or cracking the code .

Attack models or attack types specify how much information a cryptanalyst has access to when cracking an encrypted message ( also known as ciphertext ) .


California State University , Northridge or CSUN is a public university in the community of Northridge , California , USA .

California State University , Northridge ( also known as CSUN , Cal State Northridge ) is a public university in the San Fernando Valley below the Santa Susana Mountains , in the community of Northridge within the City of Los Angeles , County of Los Angeles , California , USA .


It was founded first as the Valley satellite campus of California State University , Los Angeles and adopted its current name of California State University , Northridge in 1972 .

The University adopted its current name of California State University , Northridge in 1972 .


CSUN belongs to the California State University system .

CSUN is a campus of the California State University ( CSU ) system .


Cal State Northridge hosts the National Center on Deafness , and each year the university hosts the International Conference on Technology and Persons with Disabilities .

Cal State Northridge is home to the National Center on Deafness , and each year the university hosts the International Conference on Technology and Persons with Disabilities .


Ridgeway , Virginia is a town of Virginia in the United States .

Ridgeway is a town in Henry County , Virginia , United States .


Dundalk is a town in County Louth , Ireland , near the border with Northern Ireland .

Dundalk is the county town of County Louth in Ireland .


The town 's crest reads `` MÃ do rug CÃ Chulainn CrÃ ga '' ( I gave birth to brave CÃ Chulainn ) Dundalk is twinned with the town of RezÃ in France .

The town 's crest reads MÃ do rug CÃ Chulainn CrÃ ga , meaning `` I gave birth to brave CÃ Chulainn '' .


Wagner Pereira Cardozo ( born 16 October 1966 ) is a former Brazilian football player .

Wagner Pereira Cardozo , best known as Amaral ( born 16 October 1966 in SÃ # o Paulo , Brazil ) is a former Brazilian football striker who currently coaches Japanese football club FC Kariya .


Marcus Alexander Bagwell ( born January 10 , 1970 in Marietta , Georgia ) is an American professional wrestler who is best known for wrestling with World Championship Wrestling ( WCW ) , World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling ( TNA ) under the ring names , Buff Bagwell .

Marcus Alexander Bagwell ( born January 10 , 1970 ) is an American professional wrestler and actor , better known by his ring name , Buff Bagwell .


PÃ gomas is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France .


Jan-Michelle Kerouac ( born February 16 , 1952 - died June 7 , 1996 ) was the daughter of writer Jack Kerouac , by his second wife Joan Haverty .

Janet Michelle `` Jan '' Kerouac ( February 16 , 1952 -- June 5 , 1996 ) was an American writer and the only child of beat generation author Jack Kerouac and Joan Haverty Kerouac .


The Picture of Dorian Gray is the only published book written by Oscar Wilde . It was first published in Lippincott 's Monthly Magazine on June 20 , 1890 .

The Picture of Dorian Gray is the only published novel by Oscar Wilde , appearing as the lead story in Lippincott 's Monthly Magazine on 20 June 1890 , printed as the July 1890 issue of this magazine .


He wishes that the portrait Basil painted would become old in his place .

He wishes that the portrait Basil is painting would grow old in his place .


The artist , Basil Hallward , thinks that Dorian Gray is very beautiful , and becomes obsessed with him .

The novel tells of a young man named Dorian Gray , the subject of a painting by artist Basil Hallward .


The Picture of Dorian Gray is about a young man named Dorian Gray who has a portrait painted of himself .

The title is sometimes rendered incorrectly as The Portrait of Dorian Gray .


One day in Basil 's garden , Dorian Gray meets a man named Lord Henry Wotton .

Dorian meets Lord Henry Wotton , a friend of Basil 's , and becomes enthralled by Lord Henry 's world view .


The artist , Basil Hallward , thinks that Dorian Gray is very beautiful , and becomes obsessed with him . One day in Basil 's garden , Dorian Gray meets a man named Lord Henry Wotton .

It starts on a beautiful day with Lord Henry Wotton observing the artist Basil Hallward painting the portrait of a handsome young man named Dorian Gray .


One of his best roles in his career was to Pontius Pilate , in The Greatest Story Ever Told ( 1965 ) .

Savalas shaved his head for his role as Pontius Pilate in The Greatest Story Ever Told ( 1965 ) , and decided to remain bald for the remainder of his life .


Telly Savalas ( January 21 , 1922 â `` January 22 , 1994 ) was a American actor .

Aristotelis `` Telly '' Savalas ( ; January 21 , 1922 - January 22 , 1994 ) was an American film and television actor and singer , whose career spanned four decades .


Liverpool Street station , also known as London Liverpool Street , is a major railway station in the north eastern corner of the City of London in England . It is connected to a London Underground station of the same name .

Liverpool Street railway station , also known as London Liverpool Street or simply Liverpool Street , is both a central London railway terminus and a connected London Underground station in the north-eastern corner of the City of London .


It serves the London Stansted Airport via the Stansted Express .

In addition , it is the terminus of the Stansted Express , a fast link to London Stansted Airport .


It is the southern terminus of the Great Eastern Main Line ( GEML ) , and is the main departure point from London to destinations in the East of England not served by the East Coast Main Line from King 's Cross .

It is the terminus of two main lines : the busier Great Eastern Main Line ( GEML ) to Ipswich and Norwich , and the West Anglia Main Line to Cambridge .


It is one of the busiest stations in the United Kingdom , the third busiest in London after Waterloo and Victoria . Over 123 million people use the station each year .

It is one of the busiest stations in the United Kingdom , the third busiest in London after Waterloo and Victoria with 123 million visitors each year .


It serves commuter services to parts of East London and Essex , such as Clacton-on-Sea , Chelmsford , Witham and Harwich .

There are also many local commuter services to parts of East London and Essex .


Perkins is a city of Oklahoma in the United States .

Perkins is a city in Payne County , Oklahoma , United States .


De Klerk was born in Johannesburg , on 18 March 1936 . He was the president of South Africa from 1989 to 1994 .

Frederik Willem de Klerk ( born 18 March 1936 ) , often known as F. W. de Klerk , was the seventh and last State President of apartheid-era South Africa , serving from September 1989 to May 1994 .


The Romanian actor and comedian Amza Pellea and Romanian actor and theater actor Marcel IureÅ were born here .

The Romanian actor and comedian Amza Pellea and Romanian actor and theater actor Marcel IureÅ were born here and Adriana Nechita-Olteanu .


BÄ ileÅ ti is a city located in Dolj County , Oltenia , Romania , with a population of 22,231 .

BÄ ileÅ ti is a city in the Dolj County , Oltenia , Romania , with a population of 22,231 .


Ascorbic acid is one form of vitamin C , and was historically the first chemical compound to be synthesized , and identified , as vitamin C. The name is derived from a - ( meaning `` no '' ) and scorbutus ( scurvy ) , the disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C.

Ascorbic acid is one form ( vitamer ) of vitamin C , and was historically the first chemical compound to be synthesized , and identified , as vitamin C. The name is derived from a - ( meaning `` no '' ) and scorbutus ( scurvy ) , the disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C.


It is white to light-yellow crystals or powder , and it is water-soluble .

Its appearance is white to light-yellow crystals or powder , and it is water-soluble .


Ascorbic acid is a reductone sugar acid with antioxidant properties .


Sassy , Calvados is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

Sassy is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .


Mesnil-Clinchamps is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

Mesnil-Clinchamps is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .


She met Hitler in Munich when she was 17 years old .

Braun met Hitler in Munich when she was 17 years old while working as an assistant and model for his personal photographer and began seeing him often about two years later .


Eva Anna Paula Braun ( February 6 , 1912 â `` April 30 , 1945 ( aged 33 ) ) was the longtime girlfriend of Adolf Hitler .

Eva Anna Paula Hitler nÃ e Braun ( 6 February 1912 â `` 30 April 1945 ) was the longtime companion of Adolf Hitler and for less than 40 hours , his wife .


album ; Harrison 's was melodic with slides yet technically advanced and Lennon 's was rhythmic , stinging and had the heaviest distortion .

album ; Harrison 's was melodic with slides yet technically advanced ; and Lennon 's was rhythmic , stinging , and had the heaviest distortion .


Orchestral overdubs were added August 15 , and the closing piano and accompanying vocal on August 18 .

Orchestral overdubs were added 15 August , and the closing piano and accompanying vocal on 18 August .


The solos begin 53 seconds into the song and end just before the final piano part .

The solos begin approximately 53 seconds into the song and end just before the final piano part .


Lennon misquoted the line slightly ; the actual words are , `` And , in the end , the love you take \/ Is equal to the love you make . ''

Lennon misquoted the line slightly . The actual words are , `` And , in the end , the love you take \/ Is equal to the love you make . ''


In his 1980 interview with Playboy , John Lennon said , `` That 's Paul again ... He had a line in it , ` And in the end , the love you get is equal to the love you give , ' which is a very cosmic , philosophical line .

In his 1980 interview with Playboy , John Lennon acknowledged McCartney 's authorship by saying , `` That 's Paul again ... He had a line in it , ` And in the end , the love you get is equal to the love you give , ' which is a very cosmic , philosophical line .


Richie Unterberger of Allmusic said that `` The End '' was to be `` the group 's take on the improvised jamming common to heavy rock of the late '60s , though as usual the Beatles did it with far more economic precision than anyone else . ''

Richie Unterberger of Allmusic considered `` The End '' to be `` the group 's take on the improvised jamming common to heavy rock of the late '60s , though as usual The Beatles did it with far more economic precision than anyone else . ''


It was the last song recorded by all four of the Beatles , and is the final song of the medley that dominates side two of the LP version of the album .

It was the last song recorded collectively by all four of the Beatles , and is the final song of the medley that dominates side two of the LP version of the album .


McCartney said , `` I wanted ( the medley ) to end with a little meaningful couplet , so I followed the Bard ( Shakespeare ) and wrote a couplet . ''

McCartney said , `` I wanted ( the medley ) to end with a little meaningful couplet , so I followed the Bard and wrote a couplet . ''


`` The End '' is a song by The Beatles written by Paul McCartney ( credited to Lennon\/McCartney ) for the album Abbey Road .

`` The End '' is a song by The Beatles composed by Paul McCartney ( credited to Lennon\/McCartney ) for the album Abbey Road .


The first vocals for the song were added on August 5 , more vocals and guitar overdubs were added on August 7 , and bass and drums on August 8 , the day the Abbey Road cover picture was taken .

The first vocals for the song were added on 5 August , additional vocals and guitar overdubs were added on 7 August , and bass and drums on 8 August , the day the Abbey Road cover picture was taken .


Each has a style which McCartney felt reflected their personalities : McCartney 's playing included string bends similar to his lead guitar work on `` Another Girl '' from the Help !

Each has a distinctive style which McCartney felt reflected their personalities : McCartney 's playing included string bends similar to his lead guitar work on `` Another Girl '' from the Help !


Recording began on July 23 , 1969 , when the Beatles recorded a one-minute , 20-second master recording that was extended via overdubs to two minutes and five seconds .

Recording began on 23 July 1969 , when The Beatles recorded a one-minute , 20-second master take that was extended via overdubs to two minutes and five seconds .


In the first practice mix , `` Her Majesty '' followed `` Mean Mr. Mustard '' ( on the released version of the album , `` Her Majesty '' begins with the excised final chord of `` Mean Mr. Mustard '' ) .

In the first practice mix of the medley , constructed on 30 July , `` Her Majesty '' followed `` Mean Mr. Mustard '' ( on the released version of the album , `` Her Majesty '' begins with the excised final chord of `` Mean Mr. Mustard '' ) .


`` The End '' was at first intended to be the final track on Abbey Road , but it is followed by `` Her Majesty '' .

`` The End '' was initially intended to be the final track on Abbey Road , but it is followed by `` Her Majesty '' .


Royal Mail is the postal service of the United Kingdom .

Royal Mail is the national postal service of the United Kingdom .


The Clayton Type 1 ( later known as Class 17 ) was a class of diesel locomotive operated by British Railways .

The British Rail Class 17 ( also known as the Clayton Type 1 ) was a class of 117 Bo-Bo diesel-electric locomotives built 1962 â `` 1965 by Clayton Equipment Company and their sub-contractor Beyer , Peacock & Co. , for British Railways ( BR ) .


Aeugst am Albis is a municipality of the district Affoltern in the canton of ZÃ 1\/4 rich in Switzerland .

Aeugst am Albis is a municipality in the district of Affoltern in the canton of ZÃ 1\/4 rich in Switzerland .


An iwan ( eyvÄ n ) is defined as a vaulted hall or space , walled on three sides , with one end open .

An iwan ( Iwan , eyvÄ n ) is defined as a vaulted hall or space , walled on three sides , with one end entirely open .


Europeans first began exploring the area in 1815 . John Oxley went through the area on his trip to explore the inland of NSW in 1817 .

European exploration in the area began in 1815 and was followed two years later by John Oxley passing through the area on an expedition to explore the inland .


A bridge was built over the creek , and then the John Bull Hotel ( later the Fat Lamb Hotel ) was built next to it .

The John Bull Hotel ( later the Fat Lamb Hotel ) was constructed , followed by a bridge over the creek .


Eugowra is a town in the central west of New South Wales , Australia .

Eugowra is a town in the Central West region of New South Wales , Australia .


In 1881 , the town was laid out and a police station , courthouse and school were built . .


The town was started in the 1860s on the site of the farm . This was where the track for people going to the Lachlan gold fields crossed the Mandagery Creek .

The town was established in the 1860s on the site of the station where the route for travellers to the Lachlan gold fields crossed the Mandagery Creek .


The town is placed 341 k west of the state capital , Sydney .

The town is located in the Cabonne Shire Local Government Area , 341 k west of the state capital , Sydney .


At the 2006 census , Eugowra had a population of 535 .


Today , the town has a supermarket , two hotels , a newsagent , a butcher and golf and bowling clubs . There is also farm supplies , a lucerne plant and a sawmill .

Today , the town includes a supermarket , two hotels , a newsagent , a butcher and golf and bowling clubs , as well as farm produce suppliers , a lucerne plant and a sawmill .


Eugowra is famous for its granite . More than 2000 slabs of granite were used in the new Parliament House , Canberra in Canberra .

Eugowra is known for its granite , with more than 2000 slabs of local granite used in the new Parliament House , Canberra in Canberra .


The first people to live in the Eugowra area were the Wiradjuri people .

Before European settlement , the Wiradjuri people inhabited the Eugowra area .


Farming began at Eugowra station ( farm ) in 1834 .

Pastoral settlement began with the establishment of Eugowra station in 1834 .


The word `` Eugowra '' comes from an Australian aboriginal word meaning `` the place where the sand washes down the hill '' .

Eugowra is said to be named after the Indigenous Australian word meaning `` The place where the sand washes down the hill '' .


In his wrestling career he was a one-time WWF Intercontinental Champion and won numerous championships in WCW and ECW .

Among other accolades , Rude was a four-time world champion ( three-time WCW International World Heavyweight Champion , and one-time WCWA World Heavyweight Champion ) , one-time WWF Intercontinental Champion , and one-time WCW United States Champion .


Richard Erwin Rood ( October 8 , 1980-April 20 , 1999 ) , was a American professional wrestler , best known by his ring name `` Ravishing '' Rick Rude and wrestled for the professional wrestling promotions World Championship Wrestling , Extreme Championship Wrestling and World Wrestling Federation from 1987 to 1998 .

Richard Erwin Rood ( December 7 , 1958 â `` April 20 , 1999 ) , better known by his ring name `` Ravishing '' Rick Rude , was a professional wrestler who performed for many promotions , most notably World Championship Wrestling , Extreme Championship Wrestling , and the World Wrestling Federation , in the 1980s and 1990s .


South Shore is the southern coastal area of Blackpool on the Fylde coast in the county of Lancashire , England . It has many people and a number of tourist spots .

South Shore is the southern coastal area of Blackpool on the Fylde coast in the county of Lancashire , England which has a large local community and a number of tourist attractions .


Ferdinando II de ' Medici ( 14 July 1610 â `` 23 May 1670 ) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1621 to 1670 .

Ferdinando II de ' Medici ( 14 July 1610 -- 23 May 1670 ) was grand duke of Tuscany from 1621 to 1670 .


Juan Carlos I ( born 5 January 1938 , Rome , Italy ) is the King of Spain at the moment . His name came from his father ( Juan de BorbÃ n ) , his grandfather ( Alfonso XIII ) and his mother 's father 's name ( Prince Charles of Bourbon-Two Sicilies ) .

Juan Carlos I ( baptized as Juan Carlos Alfonso VÃ ctor MarÃ a de BorbÃ n y BorbÃ n-Dos Sicilias ; born 5 January 1938 ) is the reigning King of Spain .


On 22 November 1975 , two days after the death of Francisco Franco , Juan Carlos became king .

Near death , on 30 October 1975 , Franco gave full control to Juan Carlos . On 22 November , following Franco 's death , the Cortes Generales proclaimed Juan Carlos King of Spain and on 27 November , Juan Carlos was anointed king in a ceremony called Holy Spirit Mass , which was the equivalent of a coronation , at the JerÃ nimos Church in Madrid .


Wapanucka is a city of Oklahoma in the United States .

Wapanucka is a town in Johnston County , Oklahoma , United States .


The regular motion of the pendulum can be used for time keeping , and pendulums are used to regulate pendulum clocks .

Pendulums are used to regulate pendulum clocks , and are used in scientific instruments such as accelerometers and seismometers .


We will call this time T. If the pendulum length is l , and the acceleration of gravity is g , then :

where L is the length of the pendulum and g is the local acceleration of gravity .


The Canadian Arctic Archipelago , also known as just the Arctic Archipelago , is an archipelago north of the Canadian mainland in the Arctic .

The Canadian Arctic Archipelago , also known as the Arctic Archipelago , is a Canadian archipelago north of the Canadian mainland in the Arctic .


There are about 36,563 islands which have much of the territory of Northern Canada â `` most of Nunavut and part of Northwest Territories .

Situated in the northern extremity of North America and covering about 1424500 k , this group of 36,563 islands comprises much of the territory of Northern Canada â `` most of Nunavut and part of the Northwest Territories .


Dompierre-sur-Veyle is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France .


Muzaffarabad city in the district serves as capital of Azad Jammu and Kashmir .

The city of Muzaffarabad serves as capital of Azad Jammu and Kashmir .


The district is bounded to Pakistan in the west and to Kupwara and Baramulla districts of Indian Occupied Kashmir in the east and Neelum District fall on the northeast of the district .

The district is bounded to Pakistan in the west and to Kupwara and Baramulla districts that comes under the Kashmir section which is part of the greater dispute between India and Pakistan . To the north is Neelum District ; the fall on the northeast of the district and Bagh District forms the southern boundary . .


The most important towns of the area are Trnava , TopoÄ 3\/4 Ä any , Nitra , Levice , Dudince and Å tÃ rovo .

Major towns of the area are Trnava , TopoÄ 3\/4 Ä any , Nitra , Levice , Dudince and Å tÃ rovo .


Hugh A. Robertson ( May 28 , 1932 -- January 10 , 1988 ) was an African-American film director and editor .

Hugh A. Robertson ( May 28 , 1932-January 10 , 1988 ) ) was an African-American film director and editor .


Gary Snyder ( born May 8 , 1930 ) is an American writer . He is also an essayist , lecturer , and environmental activist .

Gary Snyder ( born May 8 , 1930 ) is an American poet ( often associated with the Beat Generation and the San Francisco Renaissance ) , as well as an essayist , lecturer , and environmental activist ( frequently described as the `` poet laureate of Deep Ecology '' ) .


Professor Vahakn N. Dadrian , currently the director of Genocide Research at Zoryan Institute , is researcher and historian of the Armenian Genocide .

Vahakn N. Dadrian ( ; born May 26 , 1926 in Constantinople ) , currently the director of Genocide Research at Zoryan Institute , is a professor of sociology , and an internationally-renowned expert on the Armenian genocide .


A sugar cookie is a cookie made from sugar , flour , butter , eggs , vanilla , and baking powder or baking soda .

A sugar cookie is a cookie made from sugar , flour , butter , eggs , vanilla , and either baking powder or baking soda .


Sugar cookies were invented when a cookie called a jumble showed up .

Sugar cookies probably derived from an earlier , unleavened cookie called a jumble .


He was a son of Robert the Strong , count of Anjou , and is sometimes called duke of France and also as count of Paris . His family is known as the Robertians .

He was a son of Robert the Strong , count of Anjou , whose branch of the family is known as the Robertians .


Odo made Paris his capital and that was important to making the start of modern France .

Odo is also known as the Duke of France and Count of Paris .


Odo of France ( c. 860 â `` January 1 , 898 ) was a king of the Franks ( 888 - 898 ) .

Odo ( or Eudes ) ( c. 860 -- 1 January 898 ) was a King of Western Francia , reigning from 888 to 898 .


First ScotRail is the FirstGroup train operating company running domestic passenger trains within Scotland and the cross-border Caledonian Sleeper service to London . The Scottish Government recently announced a change of name for the service to ScotRail - Scotland 's Railway .

ScotRail Railways Ltd ( Scottish Gaelic : RÃ ile na h-Alba ) is the FirstGroup-run train operating company running domestic passenger trains within Scotland and the cross-border Caledonian Sleeper service to London using the brand ScotRail which is the property of the Scottish Government .


The Himalayan Goral ( Naemorhedus goral ) , also known as the Gray Goral , is a member of the Caprinae subfamily . It is a small , rough-haired , cylindrical-horned ruminant native to the Himalayas .

The Himalayan Goral ( Naemorhedus goral ) , also known as the Gray Goral , is a small , rough-haired , cylindrical-horned ruminant native to the Himalayas .


FÄ lticeni is a city in Suceava County , Romania , capital of the former Baia County ( 1929-1950 ) .

FÄ lticeni is a city in Suceava County , Romania , capital of the former Baia County ( 1929 â `` 1950 ) .


Gauriac is a commune in the Gironde department in south-western France .


The Adriatic Sea is a body of water and is a part of the Mediterranean Sea .

The Adriatic Sea is a northwest-to-southeast arm of the Mediterranean Sea .


The sea separates the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan Peninsula .

The Adriatic Sea is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan peninsula , and the system of the Apennine Mountains from that of the Dinaric Alps and adjacent ranges .


The French make lavender syrup , which is used to make lavender scones and lavender marshmallows .

In the United States , both French lavender syrup and dried lavender buds are used to make lavender scones and marshmallows .


As the folk wisdom says , lavender oil is also helpful to headaches when rubbed on your temple , and lavender tea helps you relax before bed time .

According to folk wisdom , lavender has many uses .


Lavenders are also used in cake decorating , because the flowers can become candied .

Flowers can be candied and are sometimes used as cake decorations .


Sometimes they are used in flavoring baked goods and chocolate desserts , and sometimes they use it to make a very delicious `` lavender sugar '' . Lavender flowers are also used to make tea .

Lavender flavors baked goods and desserts ( it pairs especially well with chocolate ) , and is also used to make `` lavender sugar '' .


It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France .

Fatines is a commune in the Sarthe department in the Pays de la Loire region in north-western France .


A User interface allows a user to interact with a machine .

A user interface is the system by which people ( users ) interact with a machine .


User interfaces mainly provide two things :

User interfaces exist for various systems , and provide a means of :


Chelsworth is a village and civil parish in Suffolk , England . In 2001 there were 146 people living in Chelsworth .

Chelsworth House is situated 300 metres further south from the bridge and Chelsworth Park and Common further out still .


She has appeared at many different music festivals , including the Bergen International Festival , Kissinger Summer Festival and Usedomer Music Festival .

She has appeared at music festivals including Bergen International Festival , Kissinger Summer Festival and Usedomer Music Festival .


She performed at the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize Concert and is the leader of an all-female brass group , tenThing .

Tine performed at the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize Concert .


She has studied under both Heidi Johanessen ( a member of the Norwegian National Opera Orchestra ) and , since 2002 , Arnulf Naur Nilsen ( member of the Oslo Philharmonic ) .

Her teachers have included Heidi Johanessen ( Norwegian National Opera Orchestra ) and since 2002 Arnulf Naur Nilsen ( Oslo Philharmonic Orchestra ) .


Helseth has played concerts with such orchestras as the Wiener Symphoniker , Beethoven Academie , Capella Cracowiensis , The Norwegian Chamber Orchestra , Shanghai Symphony Orchestra , Slovenian Radio Symphony Ljubljana , Oslo Camerata , Camerata Nordica , WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg Philharmonic , the Trondheim Soloists , Norwegian symphony orchestras , Norwegian Army bands and other brass and wind groups .

Tine has performed with such orchestras as the Wiener Symphoniker , Beethoven Academie , Capella Cracowiensis , The Norwegian Chamber Orchestra , Shanghai Symphony Orchestra , Slovenian Radio Symphony Ljubljana , Oslo Camerata , Camerata Nordica , WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg Philharmonic , the Trondheim Soloists , Norwegian symphony orchestras , Norwegian Army bands and other brass and wind ensembles .


Helseth began playing trumpet when she was seven years old and stuides at the Barratt Due Institute of Music in Oslo .

Helseth started to play trumpet at the age of 7 and studies at the Barratt Due Institute of Music in Oslo .


Camiac-et-Saint-Denis is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France .

Camiac-et-Saint-Denis is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France .


On November 21 , 2005 , during a game against the Nashville Predators Fischer collapsed on the bench after entering cardiac arrest and was resuscitated by CPR and by an Automated External Defibrillator after being unconscious for six minutes .

During a game on November 21 , 2005 , against the Nashville Predators , Fischer collapsed on the bench after going into cardiac arrest . After being unconscious for six minutes , Fischer was resuscitated by CPR and by an automated external defibrillator , and was taken to Detroit Receiving Hospital .


Fischer is the current director of player development for the Detroit Red Wings .

Fischer is currently director of player development for the Detroit Red Wings , the team for whom he played .


The game was halted and later played on January 23 , 2006 marking the first time a hockey game has been stopped due to an injury .

The hockey game was postponed due to Fischer 's injury , and was made up on January 23 , 2006 .


JiÅ Ã Fischer ( born July 31 , 1980 in HoÅ ovice , Czechoslovakia ) is a retired professional ice hockey player played in the NHL for the Detroit Red Wings from 1999 to 2006 and won the Stanley Cup in 2002 with them .

JiÅ Ã Fischer ( born July 31 , 1980 ) is a former professional ice hockey defenceman in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) .


Never a day goes by that I do not think of what happened then . '


' I stand at the end of the long , long line of good Dutch people who did what I did or more â `` much more - during those dark and terrible times years ago , but always like yesterday in the hearts of those of us who bear witness .

Miep Gies stated in her autobiography , and on her own website : I stand at the end of the long , long line of good Dutch people who did what I did or more â `` much more - during those dark and terrible times years ago , but always like yesterday in the hearts of those of us who bear witness .


Miep Gies , nÃ e Hermine Santrouschitz ( born February 15 , 1909 ; died January 11 , 2010 ) , is one of the Dutch citizens who hid Anne Frank and her family from the Nazis during World War II .

Miep Gies ( February 15 , 1909 -- January 11 , 2010 ) was one of the Dutch citizens who hid Anne Frank , her family and several family friends in an attic annex above Anne 's father 's place of business from the Nazis during World War II .


He became King of Hanover on 28 June 1837 on the death of his brother William IV of the United Kingdom .

On 20 June 1837 , King William died , and Princess Victoria became Queen of the United Kingdom . Ernest became the King of Hanover .


Ernest Augustus I of Hanover ( 5 June 1771 â `` 18 November 1851 ) was the fifth son and eighth child of George III of the United Kingdom .

Ernest Augustus I ( 5 June 1771 â `` 18 November 1851 ) was King of Hanover from 20 June 1837 until his death . He was the fifth son and eighth child of George III , who reigned in both the United Kingdom and Hanover .


The Erie Canal is a canal in New York State .

Today , the reconfiguration of the canal created during the First Enlargement is commonly referred to as the Improved Erie Canal or the Old Erie Canal , to distinguish it from the canal 's modern-day course .


The Erie Canal is a canal in New York State . It runs for 365 miles from the Hudson River to Lake Erie .

The Erie Canal is a waterway in New York that runs about 363 m from Albany , New York , on the Hudson River to Buffalo , New York , at Lake Erie , completing a navigable water route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes .


Lockport is a city of Illinois in the United States .

Lockport is a city in Will County , Illinois , United States , that incorporated in 1853 .


In it , animals died and flames were extinguished .


Many nitrogen compounds also contain the `` azide '' or `` azine '' letters , such as hydrazine .

Lavoisier 's name for nitrogen is used in many languages ( French , Polish , Russian , etc. ) and still remains in English in the common names of many compounds , such as hydrazine and compounds of the azide ion .


Nitrogen was discovered by Daniel Rutherford in 1772 , who called it noxious gas or fixed gas . They discovered that part of air did not burn .

Nitrogen is formally considered to have been discovered by Daniel Rutherford in 1772 , who called it noxious air or fixed air .


Exponentiation ( power ) is an arithmetic operation on numbers . It is repeated multiplication , just as multiplication is repeated addition .

If the binary operation is written additively , as it often is for abelian groups , then `` exponentiation is repeated multiplication '' can be reinterpreted as `` multiplication is repeated addition '' .


West Coast hip hop is a style of hip hop music that originated in California in the early 1980s .

West Coast hip hop is a hip hop music subgenre that encompasses any artists or music which originates in the westernmost region of the United States , as opposed to East Coast hip hop , based originally in New York alone .


Heurelho Gomes ( born 15 February 1981 ) is a Brazilian football player .

Heurelho da Silva Gomes , born 15 February 1981 in JoÃ # o Pinheiro , Minas Gerais ) , commonly known as Heurelho Gomes or just Gomes , is a Brazilian goalkeeper , who currently plays for .


The Onager ( Equus hemionus ) is a large mammal belonging to the Equidae family . It is native to the deserts of Syria , Iran , Pakistan , Kashmir , Israel and Palestine , and western China .

The Onager ( Equus hemionus ) is a large member of the genus Equus of the family Equidae ( horse family ) native to the deserts of Syria , Iran , Pakistan , India , Israel and Tibet .


It is sometimes known as the Asian Wild Ass .

It is sometimes known as the Wild Asian Ass .


Fort Mitchell is a city of Kentucky in the United States .

Fort Mitchell is a city in Kenton County , Kentucky , United States , and is part of Greater Cincinnati .


Angels and Airwaves ( AvA ) is an American alternative rock band . It was formed by former Blink-182 singer and guitarist , Thomas DeLonge .

Angels & Airwaves is an American rock supergroup led by Blink-182 guitarist\/vocalist Tom DeLonge .


The memers of the band were Atom Willard , former Offspring drummer ; Matt Wachter , former bassist of 30 Seconds to Mars ; and David Kennedy , former guitarist of Hazen Street and Boxcar Racer .

The band also includes guitarist David Kennedy , notably from Over My Dead Body , Hazen Street and Box Car Racer , drummer Atom Willard from The Offspring and Rocket from the Crypt , and bassist Matt Wachter from 30 Seconds to Mars , who replaced Ryan Sinn in 2007 .


The PropÃ dia is supposed to be a book that organizes the things in the Britannica , and a guideline to the index of the other two parts . It was introduced in 1974 with the 15th edition of the encyclopedia to replace the index , but when many people complained , Britannica put the index back in two books in 1985 .

Introduced in 1974 with the 15th edition , the PropÃ dia and MicropÃ dia were intended to replace the Index of the 14th edition ; however , after widespread criticism , the Britannica restored the Index as a two-volume set in 1985 .


The PropÃ dia is the first of three parts of the Encyclopaedia Britannica , , the other two being the 12-volume MicropÃ dia and the 17-volume MacropÃ dia .

The one-volume PropÃ dia is the first of three parts of the 15th edition of EncyclopÃ dia Britannica , the other two being the 12-volume MicropÃ dia and the 17-volume MacropÃ dia .


The core of the PropÃ dia is its Outline of Knowledge , which is supposed to give people a classification of what we know , but the PropÃ dia also has some parts listing the staff members , advisors and contributors to all three parts of the Britannica .

The core of the PropÃ dia is its Outline of Knowledge , which seeks to provide a logical framework for all human knowledge ; however , the PropÃ dia also has several appendices listing the staff members , advisors and contributors to all three parts of the Britannica .


Counting the cost is the name of a pair of parables Jesus told .

Counting the cost is a name often given to a pair of parables told by Jesus in the New Testament , and found in Luke .


It was formed in 1972 to preserve the rights of the tribal people in south-eastern Bangladesh , and fought for many years against the central government .

It was formed in 1972 to preserve the rights of the tribal people in south-eastern Bangladesh , and fought for many years against the government .


The format was introduced in the mid-1980s , but was not sold much in the market until the early 1990s .

The format was introduced in the mid-1980s , but did not gain its place in the market until the early 1990s .


A CD single ( sometimes abbreviated to CDS ) is a music single in the form of a Compact Disc .

A CD single ( sometimes abbreviated to CDS ) is a music single in the form of a standard size Compact Disc , not to be confused with the 3-inch CD single , which uses a smaller form factor .


Cream filled or topped pies are favorite props for humor , particularly when aimed at people who are too serious .

Cream filled or topped pies are favorite props for humor .


Pranksters have taken to targeting politicians and celebrities with their pies , an act called pieing . Activists sometimes engage in the pieing of political and social targets as well .

More recently , pieing has also become a political act .


Pies can be filled with sweet fruit filling , meat , or vegetables .

Some of these pies are pies in name only , such as the Boston cream pie , which is a cake . Many fruit and berry pies are very similar , varying only the fruit used in filling .


Fruit pies may be served with a scoop of ice cream , a style known in North America as Ã la mode .

Fruit pies may be served with a scoop of ice cream , a style known in North America as pie Ã la mode .


Meat pies with fillings such as steak and cheese , steak and kidney , minced beef or chicken and mushroom are popular in the United Kingdom , Australia and New Zealand as take-away snacks .

Meat pies with fillings such as steak , cheese , steak and kidney , minced beef , or chicken and mushroom are popular in the United Kingdom , Australia and New Zealand as take-away snacks .


Luis Amaranto Perea ( born 30 January 1979 ) is a Colombian football player . He plays for AtlÃ tico Madrid and Colombia national team .

Luis Amaranto Perea Mosquera ( born 30 January 1979 in Turbo ) is a Colombian footballer who plays for AtlÃ tico Madrid in the Spanish first division .


The Nissan Altima is an vehicle made by Nissan Motors company .

First officially revealed at the 2006 Los Angeles Auto Show , the 2008 Nissan Altima Coupe is Nissan 's first-ever two-door Altima .


The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ) is a scientific agency of the United States government that is focused to monitor the oceans surrounding the United States and the atmosphere .

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ) , pronounced \/ Ë no ( Ê ) . É \/ , like `` noah '' , is a scientific agency within the United States Department of Commerce focused on the conditions of the oceans and the atmosphere .


NOAA warns people for dangerous weather , charts seas and skies , guides the use and protection of ocean and coastal resources , and conducts research to help understanding and stewardship of the environment .

NOAA warns of dangerous weather , charts seas and skies , guides the use and protection of ocean and coastal resources , and conducts research to improve understanding and stewardship of the environment .


In addition to its civilian employees , NOAA research and operations are supported by 300 uniformed service members who make up the NOAA Corps .

In addition to its civilian employees , NOAA research and operations are supported by 300 uniformed service members who make up the NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps .


New Orleans blues is a mix of dixieland music and rhythms from Caribbean music . It is play on the piano or a horn instrument .

New Orleans blues is a combination of dixieland music and rhythms derived from Caribbean music , typically performed on piano or a horn instrument .


The music is upbeat despite the blues-based content of many of the song choices .

The music is upbeat despite the blues based content of many of the song choices .


Mike Scully ( born October 2 , 1956 in West Springfield , Massachusetts ) is an Emmy Award-winning American television writer best known for his work as show runner of the Fox series The Simpsons from 1997 - 2001 ( Seasons 9-12 ) .

Mike Scully ( born October 2 , 1956 ) is an American television writer and producer . He is known for his work as executive producer and show runner of the Fox series The Simpsons from 1997 to 2001 .


The Coral Sea Islands ( or Coral Sea Islands Territory ) is a group of islands on the Great Barrier Reef , in the country of Australia .

The Coral Sea Islands Territory includes a group of small and mostly uninhabited tropical islands and reefs in the Coral Sea , northeast of Queensland , Australia .


Willis Island is the only island where people live ; four people there run a weather station .

The only inhabited island is Willis Island .


Clostridium difficile is a species of Gram-positive bacteria of the genus Clostridium that causes diarrhea and other intestinal disease when competing bacteria are wiped out by antibiotics .

Clostridium difficile ( from the Greek kloster ( Î Î '' Ï Ï Ï Î Ï ) , spindle , and Latin difficile , difficult ) , also known as `` CDF\/cdf '' , or `` C. diff '' , is a species of Gram-positive bacteria of the genus Clostridium that causes severe diarrhea and other intestinal disease when competing bacteria in the gut flora are wiped out by antibiotics .


Bourdais ' next race at Le Mans would come in 2007 . He drove a factory-backed Peugeot 908 .

Bourdais ' next assault on Le Mans would come at the wheel of a factory-backed Peugeot 908 HDi FAP in 2007 .


In 2010 , Bourdais raced in a Level 5 Motorsports prepared Daytona Prototype in Rolex 24 at Daytona , held at Daytona International Speedway in Florida .

In 2010 , Bourdais raced with Scott Tucker , Christophe Bouchut , Emmanuel Collard and Sascha Maassen for Crown Royal in a Level 5 Motorsports prepared Daytona Prototype in the prestigious Rolex 24 at Daytona , held at Daytona International Speedway in Florida .


Bourdais was to drive the pole-winning # 3 Peugeot in 2010 . A suspension failure halted the car before Bourdais could turn a lap in the race

Bourdais was to drive the pole-winning # 3 Peugeot in 2010 , but a suspension failure halted co-driver Pedro Lamy before Bourdais could turn one lap in the race


Bourdais moved to Champ Car racing in the United States . He and joined Newman-Haas Racing for the 2003 CART World Series season .

Following in the footsteps of recent F3000 graduates such as Juan Pablo Montoya and Bruno Junqueira , Bourdais moved to Champ Car racing in the United States and joined Newman-Haas Racing for the 2003 CART season .


He then spent two years in the French Formula Renault Championship . He finished second in points in 1997 .

He then spent two years in the French Formula Renault Championship , ultimately finishing second in points in 1997 after winning four races and five pole positions .


He entering for the first time in 1999 , at the aged of 20 . He drove a Porsche 911 GT2 run by Larbre Competition .

Bourdais has frequently contested the famous 24 hour race of his home town , entering for the first time in 1999 ( aged only 20 ) in a Porsche 911 GT2 run by Larbre Competition .


He drove in Formula One for the Toro Rosso team during the 2008 and 2009 seasons . He was unable to repeat his past successes .

He drove in Formula One for the Toro Rosso team during the 2008 , and start of 2009 season , but was unable to translate his past successes to that competition .


On 16 March 2008 Bourdais competed in his first Formula One Championship race , the Australian Grand Prix in Melbourne .

On March 16 , 2008 Bourdais competed in his first Formula One Championship race , the 2008 Australian Grand Prix in Melbourne .


In 2001 , he moved to the DAMS team and took his first win in the series .

In 2001 , Bourdais moved to the DAMS team in Formula 3000 and took his first win in the series at Silverstone .


His first Champ Car victory came at Brands Hatch .

However , he did not finish higher than 11th until his fourth race , when he led 95 laps en route to his first Champ Car victory at Brands Hatch .


Bourdais tested for the Toro Rosso team during the winter .

Bourdais tested significantly for the Toro Rosso team during the winter , though he was uncertain of a drive heading in to the new year .


In 2000 , Bourdais joined the Prost Junior Team in the International F3000 Championship .

Following his success in the lower formulae , Bourdais joined the Prost Junior Team in the International F3000 Championship .


He finished ninth in the series with one pole and a best finish of second .


He won the Spa 24 Hours in 2002 in a Larbre CompÃ tition Chrysler Viper GTS-R .

He won the Spa 24 Hours in 2002 with Christophe Bouchut , David Terrien and Vincent Vosse in a Larbre CompÃ tition Chrysler Viper GTS-R .


He missed the 2003 race and returned in 2004 , but his car retired after 282 laps .

He missed the 2003 race and returned in 2004 , only for the car he shared with Nicolas Minassian and Emmanuel Collard to retire after 282 laps .


The next year , he finished ninth in the LMP900 class .

He drove the same model the next year and finished ninth in the LMP900 class with Bouillon and Franck Lagorce .


In 2009 he drovr for the Peugeot factory team again . He finished in second place , one lap behind the winning Peugeot .

In his second Le Mans as part of the Peugeot factory team , in 2009 , he finished in second place , one lap behind the winning Peugeot .


The car he shared with StÃ phane Sarrazin and Pedro Lamy finished the race second .

The car he shared with StÃ phane Sarrazin and Pedro Lamy finished the race second behind the winning Audi R10 TDi , despite an embarrassing slide on the first lap in wet conditions that cost Bourdais a place to one of the Audis , and car problems forcing him to park the car for the last minutes of the race , waiting for the lead R10 to cross the line .


SÃ bastien Olivier Bourdais ( born 28 February 1979 in Le Mans ) is a French race car driver .

SÃ bastien Olivier Bourdais ( born February 28 , 1979 in Le Mans ) is a French race car driver .


He had two points finishes in at the Australian Grand Prix and the Monaco Grand Prix .

Despite two points finishes in the year at the Australian Grand Prix and in Monaco , Bourdais struggled to match his more inexperienced team-mate .


He changed teams again for 2002 , joing Super Nova Racing . Bordais had three victories and seven pole positions .

He changed teams again for 2002 , taking his Super Nova Racing car to three victories and seven pole positions .


It was reported that Bourdais was thinking about sueing Toro Rosso , claiming that the team breached his contract . It was then reported that Toro Rosso paid him $ 2.1 million to avoid legal action .

Bourdais was reportedly considering to sue Toro Rosso , claiming that the team breached its contractual duties towards him , and subsequently Toro Rosso paid a reported $ 2.1 million to Bourdais in order to avoid legal action .


On 6 February 2009 he was confirmed as a Toro Rosso driver for a second year .

On 6 February 2009 however he was confirmed as a Toro Rosso driver for a second year , partnering Swiss rookie SÃ bastien Buemi .


At St. Petersburg , Florida , Bourdais became the first rookie since Nigel Mansell to claim pole position for his first race .

At St. Petersburg , Florida , Bourdais became the first rookie since Nigel Mansell to claim pole position for his very first race .


In 2001 his car retired after 271 laps .

He shared a Courage C60 with Jean-Christophe Boullion and Laurent Redon in 2001 but it retired after 271 laps .


While racing in the junior formulae and Champ Cars , Bourdais made several appearances in other championships .


He is one of the most successful drivers in the history of the Champ Car World Series . He won four championships in a row , from 2004 to 2007 .

He is one of the most successful drivers in the history of the Champ Car World Series , having won four successive championships from 2004 to 2007 .


A dorsal shield is formed from four longitudinal series of juxtaposed , keeled and bony scutes .

A dorsal shield is formed from four longitudinal series of juxtaposed , keeled , and bony scutes .


The fossil history of the Gavialoidea is quite well known . The earliest examples split from the other crocodilians in the late Cretaceous .

The fossil history of the Gavialoidea is quite well known , with the earliest examples diverging from the other crocodilians in the late Cretaceous .


But they also have reduced weight and water resistance of their lighter skull and very narrow jaw . This gives gharials the ability to catch rapidly moving fish .

Although gharials have sacrificed the great mechanical strength of the robust skull and jaw that most crocodiles and alligators have , and in consequence can not prey on large creatures , the reduced weight and water resistance of their lighter skull and very narrow jaw gives gharials the ability to catch rapidly moving fish , using a side-to-side snapping motion .


However the mother does protect the young in the water for a few days till they learn to fend for themselves .

However , the mother does protect the young in the water for a few days until they learn to fend for themselves .


Their numerous needle-like teeth are perfect for holding on to struggling , slippery fish .

Their numerous needle-like teeth are ideal for holding on to struggling , slippery fish .


The outer toes of a gharial are two-thirds webbed , while the middle toe is one-third webbed .

The outer toes of a gharial are two-thirds webbed , while the middle toe is only one-third webbed .


The gharial has 27 to 29 upper and 25 or 26 lower teeth on each side .

The jaws are lined with many interlocking , razor-sharp teeth â '' 27 to 29 upper and 25 or 26 lower teeth on each side .


Northern Indian subcontinent : Bhutan ( almost extinct ) , Bangladesh ( close to extinction ) , India ( present in small numbers and increasing ) , Myanmar ( possibly extinct ) , Nepal , Pakistan ( close to extinction ) . Usually found in the river systems of Indus ( Pakistan ) and the Brahmaputra ( Bangladesh , Bhutan & North eastern India ) , the Ganges ( Bangladesh , India & Nepal ) , and the Mahanadi ( in the rainforest biome ) ( India ) , with small numbers in Kaladan and the Ayeyarwady River in Myanmar .

They are extinct in Pakistan 's Indus River , in the Brahmaputra of Bhutan and Bangladesh and in the Irrawaddy River in Myanmar .


Their snout morphology is ideally suited for piscivory ; their long , narrow snouts afford very little resistance to water in swiping motions to snap up fish in the water .

Their snout morphology is ideally suited for preying on fish . Their long , narrow snouts offer very little resistance to water in swiping motions to snap up fish in the water .


The earliest Gavialoidea may or may not have been related to the modern types : some died out at the same time as the dinosaurs ( at the end of the Cretaceous ) , others survived until the early Eocene ( about 35 million years ago ) .

The earliest gharial may have been related to the modern types : some died out at the same time as the dinosaurs ( at the end of the Cretaceous ) , others survived until the early Eocene .


Adults feed almost only on fish , although some individuals have been known to eat dead animals .

Mature adults feed almost solely on fish , although some individuals have been known to scavenge dead animals .


Common names include : Indian gharial , Indian gavial , Fish-eating crocodile , Gavial del Ganges , Gavial du Gange , Long-nosed crocodile , Bahsoolia , Nakar , Chimpta , Lamthora , Mecho Kumhir , Naka , Nakar , Shormon , Thantia , Thondre , Garial .

Common names include Indian gharial , Indian gavial , Fish-eating crocodile , Gavial del Ganges , Gavial du Gange , Long-nosed crocodile , Bahsoolia , Chimpta , Lamthora , Mecho Kumhir , Naka , Nakar , Shormon , Thantia , Thondre , Garial .


The feature of the group that is easiest to recognize is the very long , narrow snout . This is an adaptation to a diet of small fish .

The most distinctive feature of the group is the very long , narrow snout , which is an adaptation to a diet of small fish .


Recently this species has moved from Endangered to Critically Endangered on the 2007 Red List of endangered species of animals and plants issued by the World Conservation Union , and qualifies for protection under the CITES ( Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species ) Appendix II .

Since 2007 , the species is listed as Critically Endangered on the Red List of Threatened Species issued by IUCN , and protected by CITES Appendix I.


Typically , adult gharials are of a dark olive hue while young ones are pale olive , with dark brown spots or cross-bands .

Typically , adult gharials consist of a dark olive color tone while young ones are pale olive , with dark brown spots or cross-bands .


The modern forms appeared at much the same time . They evolved in the estuaries and coastal waters of Africa .

The modern forms appeared at much the same time , evolving in the estuaries and coastal waters of Africa , but crossing the Atlantic to reach South America as well .


Despite its immense size , its thin , fragile jaws make it physically incapable of devouring any large animal , including a human being .

Despite its immense size , its thin and fragile jaws make it physically incapable and impossible to consume a large animal , especially a human being .


One species , Rhamphosuchus crassidens of India , is believed to have grown to an enormous 15 metres or more .

One species , Rhamphosuchus crassidens of India , is believed to have grown to an enormous 15 metres ( ~ 50 feet ) or more .


It is sympatric , in respective areas , with the Mugger Crocodile ( Crocodylus palustris ) and the Saltwater Crocodile ( Crocodylus porosus ) .

They are sympatric with the Mugger crocodile ( Crocodylus palustris ) and formerly used to be with the Saltwater Crocodile ( Crocodylus porosus ) in the delta of Irrawaddy .


At their peak , the Gavialoidea were numerous and diverse , they occupied much of Asia and America up until the Pliocene .

At their peak , the Gavialoidea were numerous and diverse ; they occupied much of Asia and America up until the Pliocene .


Gharials have a strong crest on the outer edge of the forearm , leg and foot .

Gharials have a strong crest on the outer edge of the forearm , leg , and foot .


Janke et al . ( 2005 ) , using molecular genetic evidence , found the gharial and the false gharial ( Tomistoma ) to be close relatives , and placed them together in the same family .

According to molecular genetic studies the gharial and the false gharial ( Tomistoma ) are close relatives , which would support to place them in the same family .


Some hope lies with the conservation and management programs in place as of 2004 .

Some hope lies with the conservation and management programs in place since 2004 .


Now there are 9 protected areas for this species in India which are linked to both captive breeding and ` ranching ' operations where eggs collected from the wild are raised in captivity ( to reduce mortality due to natural predators ) and then released back into the wild ( the first being released in 1981 ) .

Now there are 9 protected areas for this species in India , which are linked to both captive breeding and ` ranching ' operations , where eggs collected from the wild are raised in captivity to reduce mortality due to natural predators . Since 1981 , more than 3000 young gharial have been released into the wild .


The myth that gharials eat humans may come partly from their similar appearance to Crocodiles and because jewelry has been found in their stomachs .

The myth that gharials eat humans may come partly from their similar appearance to Crocodiles and also since jewelry has been found in their stomachs .


More than 3000 animals have been released through these programs , and the wild population in India is estimated at around 1500 animals - with perhaps between one and two hundred animals in the remainder of its range .

The wild population in India is estimated at around 1500 animals â '' with perhaps between one and two hundred animals in the remainder of its range .


The gharial is not a man-eater and is sensitive towards humans .


Gharials have an outer row of soft , smooth or feebly-keeled scutes in addition to the bony dorsal scutes .

Gharials have an outer row of soft , smooth , or feebly-keeled scutes in addition to the bony dorsal scutes .


However , the gharial may have swallowed this jewelry while scavenging corpses or because gastroliths used to aid digestion or buoyancy management .

However , the gharial may have swallowed this jewelry while scavenging corpses or as gastroliths used to aid digestion or buoyancy management .


This is a list of Nick Jr. 's original series , Team Umizoomi episodes .

This is a list of the Nick Jr. original series , Team Umizoomi episodes .


These futures contracts trade in units of 42,000 gallons , which is the same as 1,000 barrels . Prices are based on delivery in New York City harbor , the main cash market trading center .

The heating oil futures contract trades in units of 42,000 U.S. gallons ( 1,000 barrels ) and ( for the USA ) is based on delivery in the New York harbor .


Engelbert Humperdinck ( 1 September 1854 â `` 27 September 1921 ) was a German composer .

Engelbert Humperdinck ( 1 September 1854 â `` 27 September 1921 ) was a German composer , best known for his opera , HÃ nsel und Gretel .


St. John 's is the capital of Antigua and Barbuda , an island nation in the Lesser Antilles . St. John 's is located on the island of Antigua .

St John 's is the capital and largest city of Antigua and Barbuda , a country located in the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea .


St. John 's is located on the island of Antigua .

St. John 's Antigua Light is a lighthouse located in the city 's harbor .


Toscanini started conducting outside Europe : at the Metropolitan Opera in New York ( 1908 â `` 1915 ) as well as the New York Philharmonic Orchestra ( 1926 â `` 1936 ) .

Outside of Europe , he conducted at the Metropolitan Opera in New York ( 1908 â `` 1915 ) as well as the New York Philharmonic Orchestra ( 1926 â `` 1936 ) .


In 1896 he conducted his first symphonic concert ( works by Schubert , Brahms , Tchaikovsky , and Wagner ) , in Turin .

In 1896 , Toscanini conducted his first symphonic concert ( in Turin , with works by Schubert , Brahms , Tchaikovsky , and Wagner ) .


By 1898 he was conductor at La Scala , Milan and he stayed there until 1908 , but returned during the 1920s .

By 1898 he was principal conductor at La Scala , where he remained until 1908 , returning as Music Director , 1921-1929 .


At first Stokowski wanted to conduct it but then he agreed that Toscanini would .

Stokowski had previously given the US premieres of Shostakovich 's 1st , 3rd and 6th Symphonies in Philadelphia , and in December 1941 urged NBC to obtain the score of the 7th as he wanted to conduct its premiere as well . But Toscanini coveted this for himself and there were a number of remarkable letters between the two conductors ( reproduced by Harvey Sachs in his biography ) before Stokowski agreed to let Toscanini have the privilege of conducting the first performance .


Many years after his death , in 1987 , Toscanini was awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award .

Toscanini was posthumously awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1987 .


He also conducted broadcast performances of Copland 's El Salon Mexico and Gershwin 's Rhapsody in Blue with soloists Earl Wild and Benny Goodman and Concerto in F with pianist Oscar Levant , as well as music by other American composers , including two marches of John Philip Sousa .

He also conducted broadcast performances of Copland 's El Salon Mexico ; Gershwin 's Rhapsody in Blue with soloists Earl Wild and Benny Goodman and Piano Concerto in F with pianist Oscar Levant ; and music by other American composers , including marches of John Philip Sousa .


This was the NBC Symphony Orchestra , created for him in 1937 .

Fleeing Italy , he returned to the United States where the NBC Symphony Orchestra was created for him in 1937 .


Toscanini was often criticized for not performing much American music and contemporary music ( music by living composers ) . However , in 1938 , he conducted the world premieres of two orchestral works by Samuel Barber , Adagio for Strings and Essay for Orchestra ( Barber ) Essay for Orchestra .

Toscanini was often criticized for neglecting American music ; however , on November 5 , 1938 , he conducted the world premieres of two orchestral works by Samuel Barber , Adagio for Strings and Essay for Orchestra .


In the 1930s he conducted at the Salzburg Festival ( 1934 â `` 1937 ) and the first concert in 1936 of the newly formed Palestine Symphony Orchestra ( now the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra ) in Tel Aviv , and later performed with them in Jerusalem , Haifa , Cairo and Alexandria .

In the 1930s he conducted at the Salzburg Festival ( 1934 â `` 1937 ) and at the inaugural concert in 1936 of the Palestine Orchestra ( later renamed the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra ) in Tel Aviv , and later performed with them in Jerusalem , Haifa , Cairo and Alexandria .


In July 1942 Toscanini conducted the American premiere of Dmitri Shostakovich 's Symphony no 7 .

One of the more remarkable broadcasts was in July 1942 , when Toscanini conducted the American premiere of Dmitri Shostakovich 's Symphony No. 7 .


He toured Europe with the New York Philharmonic in 1930 and always had great success .

He toured Europe with the New York Philharmonic in 1930 ; he and the musicians were acclaimed by critics and audiences wherever they went .


He conducted the first performances of Puccini 's La BohÃ me and Leoncavallo 's Pagliacci .

In the following decade he consolidated his career in Italy , entrusted with the world premieres of Puccini 's La bohÃ me and Leoncavallo 's Pagliacci .


In 1945 , he led the orchestra in Carnegie Hall recording sessions of American music including An American in Paris by George Gershwin .

In 1945 , he led the orchestra in recording sessions of the Grand Canyon Suite by Ferde GrofÃ in Carnegie Hall ( supervised by GrofÃ ) and An American in Paris by George Gershwin in NBC 's Studio 8-H .


He conducted the first broadcast concert on December 25 , 1937 , in NBC Studio 8-H in New York City 's Rockefeller Center .

He conducted his first NBC broadcast concert on December 25 , 1937 , in NBC Studio 8-H in New York City 's Rockefeller Center .


He took the Scala Orchestra to the United States on a concert tour in 1920-21 ; it was during that tour that Toscanini made his first recordings ( for the Victor Talking Machine Company ) .

He took the Scala Orchestra to the United States on a concert tour in 1920\/21 ; it was during that tour that Toscanini made his first recordings ( for the Victor Talking Machine Company ) .


When he got back to Italy Toscanini returned to his chair in the cello section , and took part as cellist in the first performance of Verdi 's Otello ( La Scala , 1887 ) .

However , he also returned to his chair in the cello section , and participated as cellist in the world premiere of Verdi 's Otello ( La Scala , Milan , 1887 ) under the composer 's supervision .


Toscanini was the first non-German conductor to conduct at Bayreuth ( 1930 â `` 1931 ) .

Toscanini was the first non-German conductor to appear at Bayreuth ( 1930 â `` 1931 ) , and the New York Philharmonic was the first non-German orchestra to play there .


The band is named after the punjabi word Shikari meaning hunter .

The band is named after a boat belonging to Roughton `` Rou '' Reynolds ' uncle , and a character in a play which he wrote before forming the band , both of which are named Shikari . Shikari also means ` Hunter ' , in Marathi , Persian , Hindi , Nepali , Urdu , Punjabi and Bengali .


Enter Shikari are a post-hardcore band from St Albans , Hertfodshire , England .

Enter Shikari is an English post-hardcore band , formed in 2003 in St Albans , Hertfordshire .


Founded in 1859 , it consists of five undergraduate colleges , a graduate school , and a law school .


Valparaiso University is a private university in Valparaiso , Indiana .

Valparaiso University , known colloquially as Valpo , is a regionally accredited private university located in the city of Valparaiso in the U.S. state of Indiana .


La HoublonniÃ re is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

La HoublonniÃ re is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .


During swallowing , the backward motion of the tongue forces part of the larynx called the epiglottis over the laryngeal opening . This is to prevent swallowed material from entering the lungs .

During swallowing , the backward motion of the tongue forces the epiglottis over the glottis ' opening to prevent swallowed material from entering the larynx which leads to the lungs ; the larynx is also pulled upwards to assist this process .


Larynx transplant is not done very often .


This source sound is changed as it travels through the vocal tract . It becomes a different sound based on the position of the tongue , lips , mouth , and pharynx .

This source sound is altered as it travels through the vocal tract , configured differently based on the position of the tongue , lips , mouth , and pharynx .


If the larynx is irritated by something that is swallowed , a strong cough reflex is used to protect the lungs .

Stimulation of the larynx by ingested matter produces a strong cough reflex to protect the lungs .


The extract from the letter that the magazine printed was the only thing that Anning ever published .

The extract from the letter that the magazine printed was the only writing of Anning 's published in the scientific literature during her lifetime .


As time passed , her confidence in her knowledge increased , and in 1839 she wrote to the Magazine of Natural History to question their claim that a hooked tooth of the prehistoric shark Hybodus represented a new discovery . She had discovered years ago the existence of fossil sharks with both straight and hooked teeth .

As time passed , Anning 's confidence in her knowledge grew , and in 1839 she wrote to the Magazine of Natural History to question the claim made by an article that a recently discovered fossil of the prehistoric shark Hybodus represented a new genus , as she had discovered many years ago the existence of fossil sharks with both straight and hooked teeth .


The move was covered in the local paper , which noted that the shop currently had a fine ichthyosaur skeleton on display .

The business had become important enough that the move was covered in the local paper , which noted that the shop had a fine ichthyosaur skeleton on display .


Vertebrate fossils were much rarer , and exceptional specimens like an almost complete ichthyosaur skeleton could sell for much more .

Vertebrate fossils , such as ichthyosaur skeletons , sold for more but were much rarer .


Agassiz was grateful for the help the two women had given him in examining and understanding fossil fish specimens , during his 1834 visit to Lyme Regis .

Agassiz was grateful for the help the women had given him in examining fossil fish specimens during his visit to Lyme Regis in 1834 .


However , in the 1840s the Swiss-American expert on fossil fish Louis Agassiz did name two fossil fish species , Acrodus anningiae , and Belenostomus anningiae , after her , and another after her friend Elizabeth Philpot .

However , in the 1840s the Swiss-American naturalist Louis Agassiz did name two fossil fish species after herâ '' Acrodus anningiae , and Belenostomus anningiaeâ '' and another after her friend Elizabeth Philpot .


Her stock in trade were invertebrate fossils such as ammonite and belemnite shells , which were common in the area and sold for a few shillings .

Her primary stock in trade consisted of invertebrate fossils such as ammonite and belemnite shells , which were common in the area and sold for a few shillings .


Her observations played a key role in the discoveries that belemnite fossils contained fossilized ink sacs , and that coprolites , known as bezoar stones at the time , were fossilized faeces .

Her observations played a key role in the discoveries that belemnite fossils contained fossilised ink sacs , and that coprolites , known as bezoar stones at the time , were fossilised faeces .


Mary Anning ( 21 May 1799 â `` 9 March 1847 ) was an early 19th-century British fossil collector , dealer and paleontologist . She earnt her living finding and preparing fossils , in the rich Jurassic marine strata at Lyme Regis where she lived .

Mary Anning ( 21 May 1799 â `` 9 March 1847 ) was a British fossil collector , dealer and palaeontologist who became known around the world for a number of important finds she made in the Jurassic age marine fossil beds at Lyme Regis where she lived .


When the geologist Henry De la Beche painted Duria Antiquior , he based it largely on fossils Anning had found . He sold prints for her benefit .

When geologist Henry De la Beche painted Duria Antiquior , the first widely circulated pictorial representation of a scene from prehistoric life based on fossil reconstructions , he based it largely on fossils Anning had found , and sold prints of it for her benefit .


Many geologists and fossil collectors from Europe and America visited Anning at Lyme to purchase specimens . These included the geologist George William Featherstonhaugh who purchased fossils for the newly opened New York Lyceum of Natural History in 1827 .

Many geologists and fossil collectors from Europe and America visited Anning at Lyme , including the geologist George William Featherstonhaugh , who called Anning a `` very clever funny Creature , '' and who purchased fossils from her for the newly opened New York Lyceum of Natural History in 1827 .


In 1826 , at the age of 27 , she managed to save enough money to buy a home with a glass store front window for her shop , called Anning 's Fossil Depot .

In 1826 , at the age of 27 , she managed to save enough money to purchase a home with a glass store-front window for her shop , Anning 's Fossil Depot .


This formation consists of alternating layers of limestone and shale , laid down as sediment on a shallow seabed early in the Jurassic period ( about 210-195 million years ago ) . The cliffs are one of the richest fossil locations in Britain .

The formation consists of alternating layers of limestone and shale , laid down as sediment on a shallow seabed early in the Jurassic period ( about 210 â `` 195 million years ago ) , and is one of the richest fossil locations in Britain .


The source of these fossils were the coastal cliffs that surround Lyme which are part of a geological formation known as the Blue Lias .

The source of the fossils were the coastal cliffs that surround Lyme , part of a geological formation known as the Blue Lias .


It is also the only piece that can be in position to attack a king , queen , bishop , or rook without being reciprocally attacked by that piece .

The knight is the only piece that can be in position to attack a king , queen , bishop , or rook without being reciprocally attacked by that piece .


Lynne recorded an album , Zoom , in 2001 , again using the ELO name , but with a new set of musicians .

In 2001 Zoom , ELO 's first album since 1986 , was released .


He also planned to tour with them . Interest in the band was not strong , though , and most of the shows were canceled .


These were `` Telephone Line '' , `` Livin ' Thing '' , and `` Do Ya '' , which was a remake of a Move song .

It contained the hit singles `` Livin ' Thing '' , `` Telephone Line '' , `` Rockaria ! '' and `` Do Ya '' , a rerecording of a Move song .


Bagneux-la-Fosse is a commune of the Aube dÃ partement in the north-central part of France .

Bagneux-la-Fosse is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France .


Founded in 1693 by a Royal Charter issued by King William III and Queen Mary II , it is the second-oldest institution of higher education in the United States .

Founded in 1693 by a royal charter ( by a British letters patent ) issued by King William III and Queen Mary II , it is the second-oldest institution of higher education in the United States after Harvard University .


William & Mary educated U.S. Presidents Thomas Jefferson , James Monroe , and John Tyler as well as other key figures important to the development of the nation , including U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall , Speaker of the House Henry Clay and 16 signers of the Declaration of Independence .

William & Mary educated U.S. Presidents Thomas Jefferson , James Monroe , and John Tyler as well as other key figures important to the development of the nation , including U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall , Speaker of the House Henry Clay , and 16 signers of the Declaration of Independence .


The College of William & Mary in Virginia ( also known as The College of William & Mary , The College , William & Mary , or W&M ) is a public university located in Williamsburg , Virginia , United States .

The College of William & Mary in Virginia ( also known as The College , William & Mary , or W&M ) is a public research university located in Williamsburg , Virginia , United States .


The First Folio is the name given to a 1623 book that has all the plays written by William Shakespeare called Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies , Histories , & Tragedies .

Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies , Histories , & Tragedies . is the 1623 published collection of William Shakespeare 's plays .


Jacob Dowell ( born March 4 , 1985 in Eau Claire , Wisconsin ) is a professional American ice hockey center that currently plays for the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) .

Jacob Dowell ( born March 4 , 1985 in Eau Claire , Wisconsin ) is an American professional ice hockey center who currently plays center for the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League .


Saint-Christophe-du-Luat is a commune of 553 people ( 1999 ) . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France .

Saint-Christophe-du-Luat is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France .


He and two colleagues discovered Neptune 's ring system .

He and two colleagues discovered Neptune 's ring system in 1968 .


Edward Guinan is currently a professor in Villanova University 's Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics .

Edward F. Guinan is currently a professor in Villanova University 's Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics .


Reiichi Ikegami ( born 12 July 1983 ) is a Japanese football player .

Reiichi Ikegami ( Japanese : æ ä ç 1\/4 ä , born 12 July 1983 , Chiba , Chiba , Japan ) is a Japanese football player who has recently played for Japan 's Japan Football League club F.C. Kariya .


Josh Beckett ( born May 15 , 1980 ) is a Major League Baseball starting pitcher for the Boston Red Sox .

Joshua Patrick Beckett ( born May 15 , 1980 ) is a Major League Baseball right-handed starting pitcher for the Boston Red Sox .


The Nobel Foundation is a private institution started on 29 June 1900 . Its job is to manage the money and organize the Nobel Prizes .

The Nobel Foundation is a private institution founded on 29 June 1900 to manage the finances and administration of the Nobel Prizes .


After university Wowereit spent three years as a civil servant in the Senate Office ( that is , Ministry ) of the Interior . At the age of 30 , he was became the youngest councillor in the city of Berlin when he was elected a councillor of Tempelhof Borough .

After 3 years as a civil servant in the Senate office of the Interior , Wowereit stood for election as municipal councillor in the Tempelhof district .


He went on to study law at the Free University Berlin , passing his first State Exams in 1981 and the second set in 1984 .

Afterwards , he studied law at the Free University Berlin ( State Exams , 1981 and 1984 ) .


Since June 2001 he has served as Governing Mayor , Regierender BÃ 1\/4 rgermeister , of Berlin .

Since June 2001 he has served as Governing Mayor ( ' ) of Berlin .


Klaus Wowereit ( \* 1 October 1953 in Berlin ) is a German politician . He has been the SPD Governing Mayor of Berlin , Germany since 2001 .

Klaus Wowereit ( born 1 October 1953 in West Berlin ) is a German politician , member of the SPD ( Social Democratic Party ) , and has been the Mayor of Berlin since the 2001 state elections , where his party won a plurality of the votes , 29.7 % .


Klaus Wowereit attended the Ulrich-von-Hutten-Oberschule in Berlin until 1973 .

Until 1973 , Klaus Wowereit attended the Ulrich-von-Hutten-Oberschule in Berlin .


Wowereit is not the only gay mayor of a large European city .

However , von Beust resigned in 2010 , making Wowereit the only gay mayor of a major German city .