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# Create an analogue clock
Goal: To create a working analogue clock using any programming language.
Requirements:
* Your clock should feature at least the hour and minute pointers.
* The produced clock could be in the form of an image, an animation or ASCII-art.
* It is expected that the clock shows local time.
Optional:
* You might make your clock to show the seconds pointer in addition to the minutes and hours pointers.
* You might also make the timezone to be configurable if you wish.
* You are free to choose if you may either neglect or handle issues about leap seconds.
* You might think about what happens to your program if the user adjusts the system clock or if a daylight change occurs.
Since this is a [popularity-contest](/questions/tagged/popularity-contest "show questions tagged 'popularity-contest'"), please be creative and draw some nice and beautiful clocks to deserve the upvotes. **Most upvoted answer wins**, with the exception that I will not accept my own answer.
Finally, it is recommended (but not required) that you post at least one screenshot (or text output in case of ASCII-art) of your clock in your answer. This way, people will not need to compile and run it to see what it is.
---
This question is intended to be a revival of a deleted question.
Note that it is not a duplicate [of this other question](https://codegolf.stackexchange.com/questions/10759/build-an-analog-clock?lq=1). That question was a [code-golf](/questions/tagged/code-golf "show questions tagged 'code-golf'") asking for ASCII-art. This one is not restricted to ASCII-art and is a [popularity-contest](/questions/tagged/popularity-contest "show questions tagged 'popularity-contest'") instead, so the answers are expected to be very different.
  
[Answer]
# SVG + Javascript
![SVG analogue clock screenshot](https://i.stack.imgur.com/KDlLR.png)
[**‚ñ∂‚ñ∂‚ñ∂ Live demo here ‚óÄ‚óÄ‚óÄ**](http://ruletheweb.co.uk/clock.svg)
This uses SVG's built-in animation functions to turn the hands, with a bit of additional Javascript to fetch the local time and set the initial hand positions. It works OK in Chrome and Safari, and should be compatible with most modern browsers as it doesn't use any filter effects.
```
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 400 400" width="400" height="400" version="1.0">
  <defs>
    <linearGradient id="a" x1="0%" y1="100%" x2="0%" y2="0%">
      <stop offset="0%" style="stop-color:#777799"/>
      <stop offset="100%" style="stop-color:#ffffff"/>
    </linearGradient>
    <linearGradient id="b" x1="0%" y1="100%" x2="0%" y2="0%">
      <stop offset="0%" style="stop-color:#ffffff"/>
      <stop offset="25%" style="stop-color:#b6b6cc"/>
      <stop offset="40%" style="stop-color:#515177"/>
      <stop offset="48%" style="stop-color:#ffffff"/>
      <stop offset="56%" style="stop-color:#ffffff"/>
      <stop offset="75%" style="stop-color:#8b8baa"/>
      <stop offset="98%" style="stop-color:#efeff4"/>
      <stop offset="100%" style="stop-color:#fbfbfc"/>
    </linearGradient>
    <linearGradient id="c" x1="0%" y1="100%" x2="0%" y2="0%">
      <stop offset="0%" style="stop-color:#ffffff"/>
      <stop offset="100%" style="stop-color:#777799"/>
    </linearGradient>
    <radialGradient id="d" cx="50%" cy="50%" r="50%" fx="50%" fy="50%">
      <stop offset="0%" style="stop-color:#ffffff"/>
      <stop offset="40%" style="stop-color:#ffffff"/>
      <stop offset="70%" style="stop-color:#e6e6ee"/>
      <stop offset="92%" style="stop-color:#b6b6cc"/>
      <stop offset="100%" style="stop-color:#636388"/>
    </radialGradient>
    <radialGradient id="e" cx="50%" cy="150%" r="200%" fx="50%" fy="150%">
      <stop offset="0%" style="stop-color:#ffffff;stop-opacity:0"/>
      <stop offset="59%" style="stop-color:#ffffff;stop-opacity:0"/>
      <stop offset="60%" style="stop-color:#ffffff;stop-opacity:0.6"/>
      <stop offset="70%" style="stop-color:#ffffff;stop-opacity:0.3"/>
      <stop offset="100%" style="stop-color:#ffffff;stop-opacity:0.0"/>
    </radialGradient>
  </defs>
  <g transform="translate(200 200)">
    <circle cx="0" cy="0" r="200" fill="#cecedd"/>
    <circle cx="0" cy="0" r="196" stroke="url(#a)" stroke-width="5" fill="url(#b)"/>
    <circle cx="0" cy="0" r="170" stroke="url(#c)" stroke-width="4" fill="url(#d)"/>
    <circle cx="0" cy="0" r="172" stroke="#ffffff" stroke-width="0.5" fill="none"/>
    <circle cx="0" cy="0" r="193.5" stroke="#ffffff" stroke-width="0.5" fill="none"/>
    <g id="O">
      <polygon points="4,155 4,130 -4,130 -4,155" style="fill:#777799;stroke:#313155;stroke-width:1"/>
      <polygon points="4,-155 4,-130 -4,-130 -4,-155" style="fill:#777799;stroke:#313155;stroke-width:1"/>
    </g>
    <g transform="rotate(30)"><use xlink:href="#O"/></g>
    <g transform="rotate(60)"><use xlink:href="#O"/></g>
    <g transform="rotate(90)"><use xlink:href="#O"/></g>
    <g transform="rotate(120)"><use xlink:href="#O"/></g>
    <g transform="rotate(150)"><use xlink:href="#O"/></g>
    <polygon id="h" points="6,-80 6,18 -6,18 -6,-80" style="fill:#232344">
      <animateTransform id="ht" attributeType="xml" attributeName="transform" type="rotate" from="000" to="000" begin="0" dur="86400s" repeatCount="indefinite"/>
    </polygon>
    <polygon id="m" points="3.5,-140 3.5,23 -3.5,23 -3.5,-140" style="fill:#232344">
      <animateTransform id="mt" attributeType="xml" attributeName="transform" type="rotate" from="000" to="000" begin="0" dur="3600s" repeatCount="indefinite"/>
    </polygon>
    <polygon id="s" points="2,-143 2,25 -2,25 -2,-143" style="fill:#232344">
      <animateTransform id="st" attributeType="xml" attributeName="transform" type="rotate" from="000" to="000" begin="0" dur="60s" repeatCount="indefinite"/>
    </polygon>
    <circle cx="0" cy="0" r="163" fill="url(#e)"/>
  </g>
  <script type="text/javascript"><![CDATA[
    var d = new Date();
    var s = d.getSeconds();
    var m = d.getMinutes() + s/60;
    var h = (d.getHours() % 12) + m/60 + s/3600;
    document.getElementById('st').setAttribute('from',s*6);
    document.getElementById('mt').setAttribute('from',m*6);
    document.getElementById('ht').setAttribute('from',h*30);
    document.getElementById('st').setAttribute('to',360+s*6);
    document.getElementById('mt').setAttribute('to',360+m*6);
    document.getElementById('ht').setAttribute('to',360+h*30);
  ]]></script>
</svg>
```
[Answer]
# Java 8
I made a clock that changes its colors accordingly to the hour of day, showing local time. As the time passes, it will slowly change it colors, using brighter colors at day and darker colors at night.
The window is resizable and the clock will resize automatically to whatever size you choose.
Further, if the user adjusts the system clock or if a daylight time change happens, the clock will automatically reflect that.
There are two forms to run it:
1. Running the `ClockDemo` file, i.e. `java clock.ClockDemo`. This will open a window and you will see the clock there.
2. Running the `ClockSave` file, i.e. `java clock.ClockSave filename width height [HH:mm:ss]`. This will just save the clock in a PNG file with the given file name, width and height. The clock will be draw with the given time, or if that is omitted, with current time. For example, if you run it as `java clock.ClockSave clock.png 600 500 12:38:24` it will save the clock in a 600x500 image in a `clock.png` file and the clock will be showing 12:38:24 AM. Use hours in the 00-23 interval.
---
## Screenshots
Here are some screenshots and generated files:
### 00:36:50 AM:
![00:36:50 AM](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Lra3i.png)
### 02:38:51 AM:
![02:39:51 AM](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Rhe6e.png)
### 06:42:13 AM:
![06:42:13 AM](https://i.stack.imgur.com/BHcBJ.png)
### 11:15:28 AM:
![11:15:28 AM](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZBRR1.png)
### 05:02:37 PM:
![05:02:37 PM](https://i.stack.imgur.com/bkHxl.png)
### 07:11:30 PM:
![07:11:30 PM](https://i.stack.imgur.com/SOlcM.png)
### 09:29:34 PM:
![09:29:34 PM](https://i.stack.imgur.com/TYqyI.png)
---
## Source code
I separated the source in five different files in a package called `clock`.
Also available at [**GitHub**](https://github.com/victorwss/jclock).
### ClockDemo.java
```
package clock;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
public class ClockDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(ClockDemo::runIt);
    }
    private static void runIt() {
        final JFrame j = new JFrame();
        j.setTitle("JClock");
        final JClock clock = new JClock(new CoolPaint());
        j.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                clock.stop();
                j.dispose();
            }
        });
        j.add(clock);
        j.setBounds(20, 20, 600, 500);
        j.setVisible(true);
        clock.start();
    }
}
```
### ClockSave.java
```
package clock;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.time.format.DateTimeParseException;
public class ClockSave {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Too much arguments.
        if (args.length < 3 || args.length > 4) {
            System.out.println("Bad usage: Should be java clock.ClockSave filename width height [HH:mm:ss]");
            return;
        }
        // Parse the image size.
        int h, w;
        try {
            w = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
            h = Integer.parseInt(args[2]);
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            System.out.println("Bad usage: Should be java clock.ClockSave filename width height [HH:mm:ss]");
            return;
        }
        // Parse the intended time.
        LocalTime time;
        if (args.length == 4) {
            try {
                DateTimeFormatter df = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("HH:mm:ss");
                time = LocalTime.parse(args[3], df);
            } catch (DateTimeParseException e) {
                System.out.println("Bad usage: Should be java clock.ClockSave filename width height [HH:mm:ss]");
                return;
            }
        } else {
            time = LocalTime.now();
        }
        // Save to an image.
        try {
            new CoolPaint().saveClock(w, h, time, args[0]);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Error on image output: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}
```
### JClock.java
```
package clock;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoField;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
public class JClock extends JComponent {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private final CoolPaint paint;
    private final Object lock;
    private Thread updater;
    public JClock(CoolPaint paint) {
        this.paint = paint;
        this.lock = new Object();
    }
    private void runClock() {
        int lastTime = -1;
        try {
            while (isRunning()) {
                Thread.sleep(10);
                int t = time();
                if (t != lastTime) {
                    lastTime = t;
                    repaint();
                }
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            // Do nothing, the thread will die naturally.
        }
    }
    private int time() {
        return LocalTime.now().get(ChronoField.SECOND_OF_DAY);
    }
    private boolean isRunning() {
        synchronized (lock) {
            return updater == Thread.currentThread();
        }
    }
    public void start() {
        synchronized (lock) {
            if (updater != null) return;
            updater = new Thread(this::runClock);
            updater.start();
        }
    }
    public void stop() {
        synchronized (lock) {
            updater = null;
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        paint.paintClock(getWidth(), getHeight(), time(), (Graphics2D) g);
    }
}
```
### ClockPaint.java
```
package clock;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoField;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
public interface ClockPaint {
    public void paintClock(int width, int height, int seconds, Graphics2D g2);
    public default void paintClock(int width, int height, LocalTime time, Graphics2D g2) {
        paintClock(width, height, time.get(ChronoField.SECOND_OF_DAY), g2);
    }
    public default void paintClock(int width, int height, Graphics2D g2) {
        paintClock(width, height, LocalTime.now(), g2);
    }
    public default void saveClock(int width, int height, String fileName) throws IOException {
        saveClock(width, height, LocalTime.now(), fileName);
    }
    public default void saveClock(int width, int height, LocalTime time, String fileName) throws IOException {
        saveClock(width, height, time.get(ChronoField.SECOND_OF_DAY), fileName);
    }
    public default void saveClock(int width, int height, int seconds, String fileName) throws IOException {
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        paintClock(width, height, seconds, (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics());
        String f = fileName.endsWith(".png") ? fileName : fileName + ".png";
        ImageIO.write(image, "png", new File(f));
    }
}
```
### CoolPaint.java
```
package clock;
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.FontMetrics;
import java.awt.GradientPaint;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RadialGradientPaint;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.geom.Point2D;
public class CoolPaint implements ClockPaint {
    private static final int SECONDS_IN_MINUTE = 60;
    private static final int SECONDS_IN_HALF_HOUR = 30 * SECONDS_IN_MINUTE;
    private static final int SECONDS_IN_HOUR = 60 * SECONDS_IN_MINUTE;
    private static final int SECONDS_IN_12_HOURS = 12 * SECONDS_IN_HOUR;
    private static final int AM_0_00 = 0;
    private static final int AM_3_00 = 3 * SECONDS_IN_HOUR;
    private static final int AM_4_30 = 4 * SECONDS_IN_HOUR + SECONDS_IN_HALF_HOUR;
    private static final int AM_7_30 = 7 * SECONDS_IN_HOUR + SECONDS_IN_HALF_HOUR;
    private static final int AM_12_00 = 12 * SECONDS_IN_HOUR;
    private static final int PM_4_30 = 16 * SECONDS_IN_HOUR + SECONDS_IN_HALF_HOUR;
    private static final int PM_7_30 = 19 * SECONDS_IN_HOUR + SECONDS_IN_HALF_HOUR;
    private static final int PM_9_00 = 21 * SECONDS_IN_HOUR;
    private static final int PM_12_00 = 24 * SECONDS_IN_HOUR;
    private static final Color BLACK = new Color(0, 0, 0);
    private static final Color DARK_GRAY = new Color(32, 32, 32);
    private static final Color DARK_BLUE = new Color(0, 0, 128);
    private static final Color PURPLE = new Color(128, 0, 128);
    private static final Color CYAN = new Color(0, 255, 255);
    private static final Color YELLOW = new Color(225, 225, 0);
    private static final Color PALE_YELLOW = new Color(224, 224, 64);
    private static final Color RED = new Color(255, 0, 0);
    private static final Color GREEN = new Color(0, 255, 0);
    private static final Color LIGHT_BLUE = new Color(128, 128, 255);
    private static final Color SKY_CYAN = new Color(48, 224, 224);
    private static final Color[] COLOR_CYCLE = {
        DARK_GRAY, LIGHT_BLUE, RED, PALE_YELLOW, GREEN, SKY_CYAN, LIGHT_BLUE, DARK_GRAY
    };
    private static final int RADIAL_PERIOD_LENGTH = PM_12_00 / COLOR_CYCLE.length;
    private static final String[] ROMAN = {"", "I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII", "VIII", "IX", "X", "XI", "XII"};
    private static class Painter {
        private final int width;
        private final int height;
        private final int seconds;
        private final int radius;
        private final Graphics2D g2;
        private final int cx;
        private final int cy;
        private final int secondColorIndex;
        private final int secondsInPeriod;
        private final Color pointersAndNumbersColor;
        public Painter(int width, int height, int seconds, Graphics2D g2) {
            this.width = width;
            this.height = height;
            this.seconds = seconds;
            this.radius = Math.min(width / 2, height / 2);
            this.cx = width / 2;
            this.cy = height / 2;
            this.g2 = g2;
            g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
            this.secondColorIndex = seconds / RADIAL_PERIOD_LENGTH;
            this.secondsInPeriod = seconds % RADIAL_PERIOD_LENGTH;
            int startIndex = (secondColorIndex + COLOR_CYCLE.length + 5) % COLOR_CYCLE.length;
            int endIndex = (secondColorIndex + COLOR_CYCLE.length + 6) % COLOR_CYCLE.length;
            Color color1 = COLOR_CYCLE[startIndex];
            Color color2 = COLOR_CYCLE[endIndex];
            this.pointersAndNumbersColor = mixColors(color1, color2, 0, RADIAL_PERIOD_LENGTH, secondsInPeriod);
        }
        private int mixColorComponent(int startComponent, int endComponent, double position) {
            int difference = endComponent - startComponent;
            return startComponent + (int) (difference * position);
        }
        private Color mixColors(Color startColor, Color endColor, int startTime, int endTime, int currentTime) {
            double normalized = (currentTime - startTime) / (double) (endTime - startTime);
            return new Color(
                    mixColorComponent(startColor.getRed(), endColor.getRed(), normalized),
                    mixColorComponent(startColor.getGreen(), endColor.getGreen(), normalized),
                    mixColorComponent(startColor.getBlue(), endColor.getBlue(), normalized));
        }
        private Color upperBackgroundColor() {
            if (seconds < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
            if (seconds <= AM_3_00) return BLACK;
            if (seconds <= AM_4_30) return mixColors(BLACK, DARK_BLUE, AM_3_00, AM_4_30, seconds);
            if (seconds <= AM_7_30) return mixColors(DARK_BLUE, CYAN, AM_4_30, AM_7_30, seconds);
            if (seconds <= AM_12_00) return CYAN;
            if (seconds <= PM_4_30) return CYAN;
            if (seconds <= PM_7_30) return mixColors(CYAN, DARK_BLUE, PM_4_30, PM_7_30, seconds);
            if (seconds <= PM_9_00) return mixColors(DARK_BLUE, BLACK, PM_7_30, PM_9_00, seconds);
            if (seconds <= PM_12_00) return BLACK;
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
        private Color lowerBackgroundColor() {
            if (seconds < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
            if (seconds <= AM_3_00) return mixColors(BLACK, DARK_BLUE, AM_0_00, AM_3_00, seconds);
            if (seconds <= AM_4_30) return mixColors(DARK_BLUE, PURPLE, AM_3_00, AM_4_30, seconds);
            if (seconds <= AM_7_30) return mixColors(PURPLE, YELLOW, AM_4_30, AM_7_30, seconds);
            if (seconds <= AM_12_00) return mixColors(YELLOW, CYAN, AM_7_30, AM_12_00, seconds);
            if (seconds <= PM_4_30) return mixColors(CYAN, YELLOW, AM_12_00, PM_4_30, seconds);
            if (seconds <= PM_7_30) return mixColors(YELLOW, PURPLE, PM_4_30, PM_7_30, seconds);
            if (seconds <= PM_9_00) return mixColors(PURPLE, DARK_BLUE, PM_7_30, PM_9_00, seconds);
            if (seconds <= PM_12_00) return mixColors(DARK_BLUE, BLACK, PM_9_00, PM_12_00, seconds);
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
        private void paintBackground() {
            Point2D p1 = new Point2D.Double(width / 2, 0);
            Point2D p2 = new Point2D.Double(width / 2, height);
            g2.setPaint(new GradientPaint(p1, upperBackgroundColor(), p2, lowerBackgroundColor()));
            g2.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
        }
        private RadialGradientPaint colorOnCycle(Point2D center, float radius) {
            Color baseColor1 = COLOR_CYCLE[(secondColorIndex + COLOR_CYCLE.length - 1) % COLOR_CYCLE.length];
            Color baseColor2 = COLOR_CYCLE[secondColorIndex];
            Color baseColor3 = COLOR_CYCLE[(secondColorIndex + COLOR_CYCLE.length + 1) % COLOR_CYCLE.length];
            Color baseColor4 = COLOR_CYCLE[(secondColorIndex + COLOR_CYCLE.length + 2) % COLOR_CYCLE.length];
            Color start = mixColors(baseColor1, baseColor2, 0, RADIAL_PERIOD_LENGTH, secondsInPeriod);
            Color end = mixColors(baseColor3, baseColor4, 0, RADIAL_PERIOD_LENGTH, secondsInPeriod);
            float index2 = (RADIAL_PERIOD_LENGTH - secondsInPeriod) / (float) RADIAL_PERIOD_LENGTH / 2;
            float index3 = 0.5f + index2;
            float[] positions = index3 == 1.0 ? new float[] {0.0f, index2, 1.0f}
                    : new float[] {0.0f, index2, index3, 1.0f};
            Color[] colors = index3 == 1.0 ? new Color[] {start, baseColor2, end}
                    : new Color[] {start, baseColor2, baseColor3, end};
            return new RadialGradientPaint(center, radius, positions, colors);
        }
        private void paintClockArea() {
            Point2D center = new Point2D.Double(width / 2, height / 2);
            g2.setPaint(colorOnCycle(center, radius));
            g2.fillOval(width / 2 - radius, height / 2 - radius, radius * 2, radius * 2);
        }
        private double pointerRevolutionsToRadians(double angle) {
            return Math.toRadians((450 + angle * -360) % 360.0);
        }
        private void paintPointers() {
            double hAngle = pointerRevolutionsToRadians(seconds % SECONDS_IN_12_HOURS / (double) SECONDS_IN_12_HOURS);
            double mAngle = pointerRevolutionsToRadians(seconds % SECONDS_IN_HOUR / (double) SECONDS_IN_HOUR);
            double sAngle = pointerRevolutionsToRadians(seconds % SECONDS_IN_MINUTE / (double) SECONDS_IN_MINUTE);
            g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(4.0f, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND));
            g2.drawLine(cx, cy, (int) (cx + Math.cos(hAngle) * radius * 0.55), (int) (cy - Math.sin(hAngle) * radius * 0.55));
            g2.drawLine(cx, cy, (int) (cx + Math.cos(mAngle) * radius * 0.85), (int) (cy - Math.sin(mAngle) * radius * 0.85));
            g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.0f, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND));
            g2.drawLine(cx, cy, (int) (cx + Math.cos(sAngle) * radius * 0.85), (int) (cy - Math.sin(sAngle) * radius * 0.85));
        }
        private void paintNumbers() {
            Font originalFont = g2.getFont();
            double amplification = (int) Math.max(radius * 0.08, originalFont.getSize()) / (double) originalFont.getSize();
            AffineTransform at0 = AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(amplification, amplification);
            Font amplifiedFont = originalFont.deriveFont(at0);
            g2.setFont(amplifiedFont);
            FontMetrics fm = g2.getFontMetrics();
            for (int i = 1; i <= 12; i++) {
                double angle = pointerRevolutionsToRadians(i / 12.0);
                double textInclination = Math.toRadians(30 * i);
                AffineTransform at = AffineTransform.getRotateInstance(textInclination);
                at.scale(amplification, amplification);
                Font derivedFont = originalFont.deriveFont(at);
                g2.setFont(derivedFont);
                int pixelsOffset = fm.stringWidth(ROMAN[i]) / 2;
                int xPlot = (int) (cx + Math.cos(angle) * radius * 0.9 - pixelsOffset * Math.cos(textInclination));
                int yPlot = (int) (cy - Math.sin(angle) * radius * 0.9 - pixelsOffset * Math.sin(textInclination));
                g2.drawString(ROMAN[i], xPlot, yPlot);
            }
            g2.setFont(originalFont);
        }
        private void paintDots() {
            for (int i = 1; i < 60; i++) {
                if (i % 5 == 0) continue;
                double angle = pointerRevolutionsToRadians(i / 60.0);
                g2.fillRect((int) (cx + Math.cos(angle) * radius * 0.9) - 1, (int) (cy - Math.sin(angle) * radius * 0.9) - 1, 3, 3);
            }
        }
        public void paintClock() {
            paintBackground();
            paintClockArea();
            g2.setColor(pointersAndNumbersColor);
            g2.setPaint(pointersAndNumbersColor);
            paintNumbers();
            paintDots();
            paintPointers();
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void paintClock(int width, int height, int seconds, Graphics2D g2) {
        new Painter(width, height, seconds, g2).paintClock();
    }
}
```
[Answer]
# Freepascal
This clock displays the time, date and phase of the moon. However unlike mechanical clocks that have a small window for displaying the phase of the moon, in my clock the whole face is used to display it. Today Feb 14 is a full moon. You can see the expected output over the next few days below.
```
uses graph,sysutils;
const hemisphere=-1; {-1=north,1=south}
MonthStr : array[1..12] of string [3] =
('Jan','Feb','Mar','Apr','May','Jun','Jul','Aug','Sep ','Oct','Nov','Dec');
var yy,dd,mm,hh,mn,ss,ms: word;
var s: string; d2fullmoon,hour,min:real; sec:word;
var gd, gm, n : integer;
var right, left, centre: word;
begin
  gd := D4bit;
  gm := m640x480;
  initgraph(gd,gm,'');
  setbkcolor(blue);cleardevice; setbkcolor(black);
  setlinestyle(0,0,3);
  settextjustify(centertext,centertext);
  settextstyle(defaultfont,horizdir,2);
  while true do begin
    {output to console}
    DecodeDate(Date,YY,MM,DD);
    Writeln (Format ('Today is %d/%d/%d',[dd,mm,yy]));
   
    DecodeTime(Time,HH,Mn,SS,MS);
    Writeln (format('The time is %d:%d:%d.%d',[hh,mm,ss,ms]));
    d2fullmoon:=yy*(365*3+366)/4+mm*365/12+dd-2014*(365*3+366)/4-2*365/12-14;
    writeln ('days since full moon 14 feb 2014 ',d2fullmoon);
    if ss mod 15=0 then begin {Refresh display every 15 sec. Only the second hand is refreshed every sec.}
      {Draw circle and 180deg pie in yellow/black. Draw yellow or black ellipse on top. Add boxes for date}
      if sin(d2fullmoon/29.530588853*2*pi)*hemisphere>0 then right:=yellow else right:=black;
      left:=yellow-right;
      setcolor(right);setfillstyle(solidfill,right);
      fillellipse(320,240,200,200);
      setfillstyle(solidfill,left);setcolor(left);
      pieslice(320,240,90,270,200);
      if cos(d2fullmoon/29.530588853*2*pi)>0 then centre:=yellow else centre:=black;
      setcolor(centre); setfillstyle(solidfill,centre);
      fillellipse(320,240,abs(trunc(200*cos(d2fullmoon/29.530588853*2*pi))),200);
      setcolor (blue); setfillstyle(solidfill,blue);
      bar (270,135,370,165); bar (270,345,370,315);
      {fill in numbers}
      for n:=1 to 12 do begin
        setcolor(blue); setfillstyle(solidfill,blue);
        fillellipse(319+trunc(170*sin(n*pi/6)),240-trunc(170*cos(n*pi/6)),15,15);
        fillellipse(320+trunc(170*sin(n*pi/6)),240-trunc(170*cos(n*pi/6)),15,15);
        moveto(322+trunc(170*sin(n*pi/6)),240-trunc(170*cos(n*pi/6)));
        setcolor(white);
        str(n,s);outtext(s);
      end;
      {fill in date}
      str(yy,s);
      moveto(320,330);outtext(s);
      str(dd,s);
      moveto(320,150);outtext(s+monthstr[mm]);
      {draw hour and minute hands}
      hour:=hh+mn/60; min:=mn+ss/60;
      setcolor(cyan) ;setfillstyle(solidfill,cyan);
      moveto(320,240);
      linerel(trunc(140*sin(min*pi/30)),trunc(-140*cos(min*pi/30)));
      fillellipse(320+trunc(140*sin(min*pi/30)),240+trunc(-140*cos(min*pi/30)),7,7);
      moveto(320,240);
      linerel(trunc(100*sin(hour*pi/6)),trunc(-100*cos(hour*pi/6)));
      fillellipse(320+trunc(100*sin(hour*pi/6)),240+trunc(-100*cos(hour*pi/6)),7,7);
      fillellipse(320,240,10,10);
    end;
    {draw second hand in XOR mode, sleep for a second, then repeat to undraw}
    sec:=ss;
    setwritemode(xorput); setcolor(white);
    moveto(320+trunc(12*sin(sec*pi/30)),240+trunc(-12*cos(sec*pi/30)));
    linerel(trunc(150*sin(sec*pi/30)),trunc(-150*cos(sec*pi/30)));
    Sleep(1000);
    moveto(320+trunc(12*sin(sec*pi/30)),240+trunc(-12*cos(sec*pi/30)));
    linerel(trunc(150*sin(sec*pi/30)),trunc(-150*cos(sec*pi/30)));
    setwritemode(copyput);
  end;
  closegraph;
end.
```
![enter image description here](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WJ65G.png)
![enter image description here](https://i.stack.imgur.com/IUofC.png)
![enter image description here](https://i.stack.imgur.com/JyH0T.png)
![enter image description here](https://i.stack.imgur.com/0Id1H.png)
[Answer]
A simple one my friend wrote in TI 84 BASIC:
```
StoreGDB 0
CoordOff
GridOff
AxesOff
LabelOff
ExprOff
ClrDraw
62->Ymax
0->Ymin
94->Xmax
0->Xmin
Func
FnOff 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
PlotsOff 1,2,3
Full
Xmax/2->Xmax
Ymax/2->Ymax
~Xmax->Xmin
~Ymax->Ymin
Degree
15->H
18->M
20->S
Circle(36,~22,7)
Circle(0,0,30)
For(X,1,12)
Text(28-int(cos(X*30)*25),46+int(sin(30*X)*25),X)
End
{0,0,0}->|LANG
While getKey=0
getTime->|LTIME
getDate->|LDATE
Text(0,0,"12 HR")
Text(50,0,"24 HR")
If |LTIME(1)>12:Then
Text(6,7,(|LTIME(1)-12))
Else
Text(6,7,|LTIME(1))
End
If |LTIME(1)<=9
Then
Text(56,4,"O")
Text(56,8,|LTIME(1))
Else
Text(56,4,|LTIME(1))
End
Text(29,4,|LTIME(2))
If |LDATE(2)=1
Text(0,70,"JAN")
If |LDATE(2)=2
Text(0,70,"FEB")
If |LDATE(2)=3
Text(0,70,"MAR")
If |LDATE(2)=4
Text(0,70,"APR")
If |LDATE(2)=5
Text(0,70,"MAY")
If |LDATE(2)=6
Text(0,70,"JUN")
If |LDATE(2)=7
Text(0,70,"JUL")
If |LDATE(2)=8
Text(0,70,"AUG")
If |LDATE(2)=9
Text(0,70,"SEP")
If |LDATE(2)=10
Text(0,70,"OCT")
If |LDATE(2)=11
Text(0,70,"NOV")
If |LDATE(2)=12
Text(0,70,"DEC"
Text(2,81,",")
Text(0,85,|LDATE(3))
Text(8,75,|LDATE(1))
If |LTIME(1)>=12
Then
Text(50,80,"PM")
Else
Text(50,80,"AM")
End
If |LTIME(3)!=|LANG(3)/6
Line(0,0,sin(|LANG(3))*S,cos(|LANG(3))*S,0)
If |LTIME(2)!=|LANG(2)/6
Then
Line(0,0,sin(|LANG(2))*M,cos(|LANG(2))*M,0)
Line(0,0,sin(|LANG(1))*H,cos(|LANG(1))*H,0)
End
|LTIME(1)*30+|LTIME(2)/2->|LANG(1)
|LTIME(2)*6->|LANG(2)
|LTIME(3)*6->|LANG(3)
Line(0,0,sin(|LANG(1))*H,cos(|LANG(1))*H
Line(0,0,sin(|LANG(2))*M,cos(|LANG(2))*M
Line(0,0,sin(|LANG(3))*S,cos(|LANG(3))*S
End
```
![enter image description here](https://i.stack.imgur.com/avraH.png)
[Answer]
# Mathematica
A plain-vanilla, functioning clock that displays local time:
```
Dynamic@Refresh[ClockGauge@AbsoluteTime[], UpdateInterval -> 1]
```
![clock](https://i.stack.imgur.com/0Y5gW.png)
---
**Standard Options**
![options](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NDsQm.png)
---
**Hand-drawn clock gauge**
There are alternatives to the built-in clock gauge. Here is one.
Continuous sweep has been implemented for the hour and minute hands. They update together with the second hand.
```
u[i_, k_] := {Sin[2 \[Pi] i/k], Cos[2 \[Pi] i/k]};
Dynamic[{f = Date[], Clock[{1, 1}, 1]}]
Graphics[Dynamic@{Circle[{0, 0}, 1.175], Circle[{0, 0}, 1.2],
   (* tick marks at minutes *)
   Table[Text[".", u[i, 60]], {i, 60}],  
   (* hour labels *)
   Table[Text[i, u[i, 12]], {i, 12}],  
   (* hour hand *)
   {Darker@Red, Arrowheads[.12], Thickness[.0175], Arrow[{{0, 0}, .6 u[f[[4]]+f[[5]]/60, 12]}]},
   
   (*minute hand *)
   {Blue, Arrowheads[.08], Thickness[.0085], Arrow[{{0, 0}, .85 u[f[[5]]+f[[6]]/60, 60]}]},
   
   (*second hand *)
   {Thickness[.005], Arrow[{{0, 0}, .9 u[f[[6]], 60]}]}}, 
   BaseStyle -> 25]
```
![clock 4](https://i.stack.imgur.com/8jtoV.png)
[Answer]
Postscript - originally written to help my children to learn to tell the time. Page 1 shows the current time, pages 2-4 are pages for learners. The pages for learners use `rand` to make random times, so they are different each time you process it. Use Ghostscript to make a PDF version if you want to show the current time. Sized for A4 paper. 
```
%!PS-Adobe-3.0
%%Creator: Toby Thurston
%%Title: (Pages of pedagogical clocks)
%%CreationDate: (2014-02-14)
%%BoundingBox: 12 12 583 828 
%%Pages: 1
%%EndComments
<< /PageSize [595 842] >> setpagedevice
%%BeginSetup
/clock {
  /mins exch def
  /hour exch def
  /r exch def % radius
  /cr r 100 div def
  % draw the minute marks
  12 { .5 setlinewidth 4 { 6 rotate r 0 moveto r 20 div 0 rlineto stroke } repeat
        2 setlinewidth     6 rotate r 0 moveto r 20 div 0 rlineto stroke } repeat  
  % numbers           
  /fontsize r 0.14 mul def
  /Helvetica findfont fontsize scalefont setfont
  /s 2 string def 
  /rr r 0.9 mul def
  1 1 12 { /n exch def /theta 90 30 n mul sub def
  /st n s cvs def st stringwidth pop /dx exch 2 div neg def
  rr theta cos mul rr theta sin mul moveto dx fontsize 3 div neg rmoveto st show
  } for
  % draw hands (unless hour is negative)
  -1 hour lt {
      gsave % hour hand first
      90 60 hour mul mins add 2 div sub rotate
      newpath
      0 2 moveto
      15 cr mul  3 cr mul 33 cr mul   0 cr mul 50 cr mul  3 cr mul curveto 
      55 cr mul 15 cr mul 60 cr mul   0 cr mul 76 cr mul  0 cr mul curveto
      60 cr mul  0 cr mul 55 cr mul -15 cr mul 50 cr mul -3 cr mul curveto 
      33 cr mul  0 cr mul 15 cr mul  -3 cr mul  0 cr mul -2 cr mul curveto
      closepath 0 0 .677 setrgbcolor fill
      grestore
      gsave % minute hand on top
      90 6 mins mul sub rotate
      newpath
      0 2 moveto
      15 cr mul 3 cr mul 33 cr mul 0         50 cr mul  1 cr mul curveto 
      65 cr mul 3 cr mul 83 cr mul 0         97 cr mul  0        curveto
      83 cr mul 0        65 cr mul -3 cr mul 50 cr mul -1 cr mul curveto 
      33 cr mul 0        15 cr mul -3 cr mul 0         -2 cr mul curveto
      closepath .635 0 0 setrgbcolor fill
      grestore
  } if 
  % finally do central dot (to cover starts of hands) and outer band      
  .5 setlinewidth
  0 0 moveto 0 0 r 20 div   0 360 arc fill
             0 0 r 1.07 mul 0 360 arc stroke
} def
%%EndSetup
%%Page: 1 1 
%%BeginPageSetup
/pgsave save def
%%EndPageSetup
  297 480 translate
  120 
  (%Calendar%) /IODevice resourcestatus {
   pop pop (%Calendar%) currentdevparams
   dup /Running get { dup /Hour get exch /Minute get }{ 0 0 } ifelse } { -1 -1 } ifelse
  clock
pgsave restore
showpage
%%Page: 2 2
%%BeginPageSetup
/pgsave save def
%%EndPageSetup
  75 -55 translate
  4 {
     5 { 0 165 translate % a page of clocks for learners
         50 rand 12 mod rand 60 mod clock 
         % line underneath           
         gsave [1 3] 0 setdash 50 neg dup 1.8 mul moveto 50 2 mul 0 rlineto stroke grestore
     } repeat
     146 5 165 mul neg translate
  } repeat
pgsave restore
showpage
%%Page: 3 3
%%BeginPageSetup
/pgsave save def
%%EndPageSetup
  75 -55 translate
  4 {
     5 { 0 165 translate    % whole multiple of five minutes only
         50 rand 12 mod rand 12 mod 5 mul clock 
         gsave [1 3] 0 setdash 50 neg dup 1.8 mul moveto 50 2 mul 0 rlineto stroke grestore
     } repeat
     146 5 165 mul neg translate
  } repeat
pgsave restore
showpage
%%Page: 4 4
%%BeginPageSetup
/pgsave save def
%%EndPageSetup
  75 -55 translate
  4 {
     5 { 0 165 translate    % quarter hours only
         50 rand 12 mod rand 4 mod 15 mul clock 
         gsave [1 3] 0 setdash 50 neg dup 1.8 mul moveto 50 2 mul 0 rlineto stroke grestore
     } repeat
     146 5 165 mul neg translate
  } repeat
pgsave restore
showpage
%%EOF
```
![enter image description here](https://i.stack.imgur.com/HZkZW.png)
![enter image description here](https://i.stack.imgur.com/RLy9N.png)
[Answer]
Here is one in processing:
```
int ax,ay,bx,by,cx,cy,dx,dy,last;
int q = 1;
float c = 0;
float h = 0;
float m = 0;
void setup() {
  size(displayWidth, displayHeight);
  background(0);
}
boolean sketchFullScreen() {
  return true;
}
void draw() {
  colorMode(HSB);
  fill(c,255,255,4);
  noStroke();
  rect(0,0,width,height);
  c+=0.4;
  if (c > 255) c = 0;
  colorMode(RGB);
  ax = int(random(displayWidth));
  ay = int(random(displayHeight));
  bx = ax + int(random(-50,50));
  by = ay + int(random(0,50));
  strokeWeight(1);
  if (random(0,1)>0.5) {
    fill(random(255),random(255),random(255));
    stroke(random(255),random(255),random(255));
  }
  else {
    noFill();
    stroke(random(255),random(255),random(255));
  }
  switch(int(random(6))) {
    case 0: // line
    line(ax,ay,bx,by);
    break;
    case 1: // bezier (arc)
    cx = int(random(ax-20,bx+20));
    cy = int(random(ay-20,by+20));
    dx = int(random(ax-20,bx+20));
    dy = int(random(ay-20,by+20));
    bezier(ax,ay,cx,cy,dx,dy,bx,by);
    break;
    case 2: // box
    quad(ax,ay,ax,by,bx,by,bx,ay);
    break;
    case 3: // ellipse
    ellipse(ax,ay,random(15,50),random(15,50));
    break;
    case 4: // triangle
    cx = int(random(ax-20,bx+20));
    cy = int(random(ay-20,by+20));
    dx = int(random(ax-20,bx+20));
    dy = int(random(ay-20,by+20));
    triangle(cx,cy,bx,by,dx,dy);
    break;
    case 5: // arc
    arc(ax,ay,random(15,50),random(15,50),random(2)*PI,random(2)*PI);
    break;  
  }
  float s = map(second(), 0, 60, 0, TWO_PI) - HALF_PI;
  float m = map(minute() + norm(second(), 0, 60), 0, 60, 0, TWO_PI) - HALF_PI; 
  float h = map(hour() + norm(minute(), 0, 60), 0, 24, 0, TWO_PI * 2) - HALF_PI;
  cx = width/2;
  cy = height/2;
  // Draw the hands of the clock
  stroke(255);
  strokeWeight(1);
  line(cx, cy, cx + cos(s) * 500, cy + sin(s) * 500);
  strokeWeight(2);
  line(cx, cy, cx + cos(m) * 400, cy + sin(m) * 400);
  strokeWeight(4);
  line(cx, cy, cx + cos(h) * 300, cy + sin(h) * 300);
}
void mouseMoved() {
  exit();
}
void keyPressed() {
  background(0);
}
```
![it's fullscreen](https://i.stack.imgur.com/OsJMz.png)
[Answer]
Simple MATLAB code, written mostly to appreciate 24-hr dial at work.
[![Example of MATLAB watch with 24 and 12 hour dials](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WJs3x.png)](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WJs3x.png)
 while 1
 runWatch()
 pause(0.6);
 end
```
% 20160829 :: [[email protected]](/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection)
function runWatch()
cla;
dialHours  = 24;   % You can set it to 12 but why?
midnightUp = true; % defines position of midnight
col.hr = 'k'; 
col.mn = 'b'; 
col.sc = 'r'; 
logoStr = ['Perpetuum'];
xo = 0; yo = 0; 
RH  = 0.7;   RM  = 0.95; Rb = 0.5*(RH+RM);
RarrH = RH; RarrM = Rb; RarrS = RM;
fig_handle = findobj(allchild(0), 'flat', 'type', 'figure');
if isempty(fig_handle), set(gcf,'Position',[100 100 500 500]); end
hoursPhase = 3*pi/2; if midnightUp == true, hoursPhase = pi/2; end
hold on;
circle(xo, yo, RH,col.hr); 
circle(xo, yo, RM,col.mn);% ,'b');
circle(xo, yo, (RH+RM)/2,col.mn); %0.5*[1 1 1]);
text (xo - 2.5*RH/8+0.003, yo - RH/2-0.003, logoStr,'Color',0.5*[1 1 1],'FontAngle','italic');
text (xo - 2.5*RH/8,       yo - RH/2,       logoStr, 'FontAngle','italic')
axis equal; axis off;
% Hour dial
dh = pi/dialHours; h = 0:-dh:-pi+dh;
xH = RH*cos(2*h+hoursPhase); yH = RH*sin(2*h+hoursPhase);
xHb= Rb*cos(2*h+hoursPhase); yHb= Rb*sin(2*h+hoursPhase);
for n=1:length(xH)
    plot([xH(n),xHb(n)],[yH(n),yHb(n)],col.hr);
end
% Minute dial
dm = pi/60; m = 0:-dm:-pi+dm;
xM = RM*cos(2*m+pi/2); yM = RM*sin(2*m+pi/2);
xMb= Rb*cos(2*m+pi/2); yMb= Rb*sin(2*m+pi/2);
for n=1:length(xM)
    plot([xM(n),xMb(n)],[yM(n),yMb(n)],'Color',col.mn);
end
% Labels Hour
dhl = pi/dialHours; hl = 0:-dhl:-pi+dhl;  ratioH = -dialHours/180;
xHl= 0.5*(Rb+RH)*cos(2*hl+hoursPhase); 
yHl= 0.5*(Rb+RH)*sin(2*hl+hoursPhase);
for n=1:length(xHl)
    octagon (xHl(n), yHl(n), 0.3*(RH-Rb), 'w');
    text (xHl(n),yHl(n), num2str( rad2deg(hl(n)*ratioH) ),...
        'HorizontalAlignment','center','Rotation',rad2deg(2*hl(n)+hoursPhase-pi/2),...
        'FontWeight','b','FontSize',13,'Color',col.hr);    
end
% Labels Minute
dml = pi/12; ml=0:-dml:-pi+dml;  ratioM = -60/180; 
xMl= 0.5*(Rb+RM)*cos(2*ml+pi/2); yMl= 0.5*(Rb+RM)*sin(2*ml+pi/2);
for n=1:length(xMl)    
    octagon (xMl(n), yMl(n), 0.3*(RM-Rb), 'w');
    text (xMl(n),yMl(n), num2str( rad2deg(ml(n)*ratioM) ),...
        'HorizontalAlignment','center','Rotation',rad2deg(2*ml(n)), ...
        'FontWeight','b','Color',col.mn);
end
octagon (xo, yo-0.5*(RH+Rb), 0.04, col.hr);
octagon (xo, yo-0.5*(RH+Rb), 0.03, col.mn);
[now_year, now_month, now_day, ...
    now_hour, now_minute, now_second] = datevec(now);
% Arrows
K = -2*pi/dialHours; D = hoursPhase;
now_hour = now_hour + now_minute/60;
xarrowh = RarrH*cos(K*now_hour+D);
yarrowh = RarrH*sin(K*now_hour+D);
plot([0,xarrowh],[0,yarrowh],'Color',col.hr,'LineWidth',6); 
plot([0,xarrowh],[0,yarrowh],'Color',0.5*[1 1 1],'LineWidth',3); 
arrowhead (xarrowh,yarrowh,0.02,atan2(yarrowh,xarrowh),col.hr);
K = -2*pi/60; D = pi/2;
now_minute = now_minute + now_second/60;
xarrowm  = RarrH*cos(K*now_minute+D);
yarrowm  = RarrH*sin(K*now_minute+D);
xarrowml = RarrM*cos(K*now_minute+D);
yarrowml = RarrM*sin(K*now_minute+D);
plot([0,xarrowml],[0,yarrowml],'Color','k', 'LineWidth',4);
plot([0,xarrowml],[0,yarrowml],'Color',col.mn, 'LineWidth',2);
arrowhead (xarrowml,yarrowml,0.02,atan2(yarrowml,xarrowml),col.mn);
K = -2*pi/60; D = pi/2;
now_second = round(now_second);
xarrows = RarrH*cos(K*now_second+D);
yarrows = RarrH*sin(K*now_second+D);
xarrowsl = RarrS*cos(K*now_second+D);
yarrowsl = RarrS*sin(K*now_second+D);
plot([0,xarrowsl],[0,yarrowsl],'Color',col.sc,'LineWidth',1);
arrowhead (xarrowsl,yarrowsl,0.02,atan2(yarrows,xarrows)-pi,col.sc);
text(0.7,1,...
    [pad_with(floor(now_hour),2,'0'), ':', pad_with(floor(now_minute),2,'0'), ':', pad_with(now_second,2,'0')],...
    'FontSize',8,'FontWeight','n','BackgroundColor','w');
% Dial center
plot(xo, yo, 'ko','MarkerSize',10,'MarkerFaceColor','k');
plot(xo, yo, 'ko','MarkerSize',8,'MarkerFaceColor',0.5*[0 1 1]);
end
function [XX,YY] = circle(varargin)
%x and y are the coordinates of the center of the circle
%r is the radius of the circle
%0.01 is the angle step, bigger values will draw the circle faster but
%you might notice imperfections (not very smooth)
col = 'k';
x = varargin{1};
y = varargin{2};
r = varargin{3};
if length(varargin) > 3
    col = varargin{4};
end
ang=0:0.01:2*pi; 
xp=r*cos(ang);
yp=r*sin(ang);
XX = x+xp; YY = y+yp;
plot(XX,YY,'Color',col);
end
function octagon (xo, yo, R, col)
t = (1/16:1/8:1)'*2*pi;
x = R*cos(t);
y = R*sin(t);
fill(xo+x, yo+y,col,'EdgeColor','none')
end
% 20151001 :: [[email protected]](/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection)
% Use :: str = pad_with (num, L, pad)
% function creates a string of L length
% padded with leading 'pad' symbol
% e.g., num=23,    L=4, pad='.' --> '..23';
% e.g., num='23W', L=4, pad=' ' --> ' 23W';
% 
function str = pad_with (num, L, pad)
if ~ischar(num)
    num = num2str(num);
end
strL = length(num);
if L<strL, L = strL; end;
for n=1:L-strL, str(n) = pad; end;
c = 0;
for n=L-strL+1:L
    c = c+1; str(n) = num(c);
end
end
function [x, y] = arrowhead (xo, yo, height, alpha, col)
x(1) = xo + height*sin(alpha);
y(1) = yo - height*cos(alpha);
x(2) = xo - height*sin(alpha);
y(2) = yo + height*cos(alpha);
x(3) = xo + 2*height*cos(alpha);
y(3) = yo + 2*height*sin(alpha);
fill(x, y,col,'EdgeColor','none')
end
```
[Answer]
Demo: <http://jsfiddle.net/kelunik/Vuuq8/7/embedded/result/>
```
var h = document.getElementById('h');
var m = document.getElementById('m');
var s = document.getElementById('s');
setInterval(function () {
    refreshClock();
}, 1000);
function refreshClock() {
    var time = new Date;
    deg = time.getSeconds() * 6 - 90;
    s.style.webkitTransform = s.style.MozTransform = s.style.msTransform = s.style.transform = "rotate(" + deg + "deg)";
    deg = time.getMinutes() * 6 - 90;
    m.style.webkitTransform = m.style.MozTransform = m.style.msTransform = m.style.transform = "rotate(" + deg + "deg)";
    deg = time.getHours() % 12 * 30 - 90;
    h.style.webkitTransform = h.style.MozTransform = h.style.msTransform = h.style.transform = "rotate(" + deg + "deg)";
}
window.onload = function () {
    refreshClock();
};
```
```
html, body {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    text-align: center;
}
#clock {
    width: 100vmin;
    height: 100vmin;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 1vmin solid #333;
    position: relative;
    box-shadow: 0 0 5vmin rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);
    box-sizing: border-box;
    margin: 0 auto;
    transform: scale(.8);
}
#h, #m, #s {
    top: 50vmin;
    left: 50vmin;
    position: absolute;
}
#h:before, #m:before, #s:before {
    content:"";
    position: absolute;
    left: 100%;
    height: 0;
    box-shadow: 0 0 2vmin rgba(0,0,0,.2);
    border-radius: 50%;
}
#h:before {
    width: 25vmin;
}
#m:before {
    width: 35vmin;
}
#s:before {
    width: 45vmin;
}
#h:before {
    background: black;
    height: 4vmin;
    transform: translateY(-2vmin);
}
#m:before {
    background: black;
    height: 2vmin;
    transform: translateY(-1vmin);
}
#s:before {
    background: red;
    height: 2vmin;
    transform: translateY(-1vmin);
}
```
```
<div id="clock">
    <div id="h"></div>
    <div id="m"></div>
    <div id="s"></div>
</div>
```
[Answer]
# HTML + CSS3 + JS
I've used mostly CSS for this clock. There is a JS component that updates the attributes on the clock div with the current time, but outside of that the entire clock is CSS.
![Oh look a clock](https://i.stack.imgur.com/rb25w.png)
live demo here: <http://jsbin.com/nuvag/3>
source code over here: <http://jsbin.com/nuvag/3/edit>
[Answer]
GNUPLOT
```
unset clip points
set clip one
unset clip two
set bar 1.000000
unset border
set xdata
set ydata
set zdata
set x2data
set y2data
set timefmt x "%d/%m/%y,%H:%M"
set timefmt y "%d/%m/%y,%H:%M"
set timefmt z "%d/%m/%y,%H:%M"
set timefmt x2 "%d/%m/%y,%H:%M"
set timefmt y2 "%d/%m/%y,%H:%M"
set timefmt cb "%d/%m/%y,%H:%M"
set boxwidth
set style fill  empty border
set dummy t,y
set format x "% g"
set format y "% g"
set format x2 "% g"
set format y2 "% g"
set format z "% g"
set format cb "% g"
set angles radians
unset grid
set key title ""
unset key
unset label
unset arrow
unset style line
unset style arrow
set style histogram clustered gap 2 title  offset 0, 0, 0
unset logscale
set offsets 0, 0, 0, 0
set pointsize 1
set encoding default
unset polar
set parametric
unset decimalsign
set view 60, 30, 1, 1
set samples 100, 100
set isosamples 10, 10
set surface
unset contour
set clabel '%8.3g'
set mapping cartesian
set datafile separator whitespace
unset hidden3d
set cntrparam order 4
set cntrparam linear
set cntrparam levels auto 5
set cntrparam points 5
set size ratio 0 1,1
set origin 0,0
set style data points
set style function lines
set xzeroaxis linetype -2 linewidth 1.000
set yzeroaxis linetype -2 linewidth 1.000
set zzeroaxis linetype -2 linewidth 1.000
set x2zeroaxis linetype -2 linewidth 1.000
set y2zeroaxis linetype -2 linewidth 1.000
set ticslevel 0.5
set mxtics default
set mytics default
set mztics default
set mx2tics default
set my2tics default
set mcbtics default
set noxtics
set noytics
set noztics
set nox2tics
set noy2tics
set nocbtics
set title ""  offset character 0, 0, 0 font "" norotate
set timestamp bottom 
set timestamp ""  offset character 0, 0, 0 font "" norotate
set rrange [ * : * ] noreverse nowriteback  # (currently [0.000000:10.0000] )
set trange [ * : * ] noreverse nowriteback  # (currently [-5.00000:5.00000] )
set urange [ * : * ] noreverse nowriteback  # (currently [-5.00000:5.00000] )
set vrange [ * : * ] noreverse nowriteback  # (currently [-5.00000:5.00000] )
set xlabel ""  offset character 0, 0, 0 font "" textcolor lt -1 norotate
set x2label ""  offset character 0, 0, 0 font "" textcolor lt -1 norotate
set xrange [ * : * ] noreverse nowriteback  # (currently [-10.0000:10.0000] )
set x2range [ * : * ] noreverse nowriteback  # (currently [-10.0000:10.0000] )
set ylabel ""  offset character 0, 0, 0 font "" textcolor lt -1 rotate by 90
set y2label ""  offset character 0, 0, 0 font "" textcolor lt -1 rotate by 90
set yrange [ * : * ] noreverse nowriteback  # (currently [-10.0000:10.0000] )
set y2range [ * : * ] noreverse nowriteback  # (currently [-10.0000:10.0000] )
set zlabel ""  offset character 0, 0, 0 font "" textcolor lt -1 norotate
set zrange [ * : * ] noreverse nowriteback  # (currently [-10.0000:10.0000] )
set cblabel ""  offset character 0, 0, 0 font "" textcolor lt -1 norotate
set cbrange [ * : * ] noreverse nowriteback  # (currently [-10.0000:10.0000] )
set zero 1e-008
set lmargin -1
set bmargin -1
set rmargin -1
set tmargin -1
set locale "C"
set pm3d explicit at s
set pm3d scansautomatic
set pm3d interpolate 1,1 flush begin noftriangles nohidden3d corners2color mean
set palette positive nops_allcF maxcolors 0 gamma 1.5 color model RGB 
set palette rgbformulae 7, 5, 15
set colorbox default
set colorbox vertical origin screen 0.9, 0.2, 0 size screen 0.05, 0.6, 0 bdefault
set loadpath 
set fontpath 
set fit noerrorvariables
set arrow from 0,0 to sin(`date +%M`*3.1416/30),cos(`date +%M`*3.1416/30) 
set arrow from 0,0 to sin((`date +%H`%12)*3.1416/6)/2,cos((`date +%H`%12)*3.1416/6)/2
plot sin(t),cos(t)
reread
```
![in linux centos 6.5](https://i.stack.imgur.com/GWPC1.png)
[Answer]
Click run. It displays only in increments of 30 minutes because the clock is a single emoji.
```
function updateTick(){let e=new Date,t=e.getSeconds()+60*e.getMinutes()+e.getHours()%12*60*60,n=parseInt(t/3600*2)+1;document.documentElement.style.setProperty("--tick",n)}let d=new Date;setTimeout(()=>{setInterval(updateTick,18e5)},1e3*(d.getMinutes()+d.getSeconds())%30),updateTick();
```
```
@counter-style item{system:cyclic;symbols:"üïõ" "üïß" "üïê" "üïú" "üïë" "üïù" "üïí" "üïû" "üïì" "üïü" "üïî" "üï†" "üïï" "üï°" "üïñ" "üï¢" "üïó" "üï£" "üïò" "üï§" "üïô" "üï•" "üïö" "üï¶"}span.tik-terk-clerk::before{content:counters(item, "", item);counter-reset:item calc(var(--tick,1))}span.tik-terk-clerk::before{font-size:72pt}
```
```
<span class="tik-terk-clerk"></span>
```
[Answer]
**Python** *(with matplotlib)*
Here's a very basic clock that runs on the desktop. Change `interval` in the 2nd to last line to `1` for continuous motion instead of one tick per second.
```
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import datetime
plt.rcParams['toolbar'] = 'None' 
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(4,4),facecolor='w')
ax = plt.subplot(111, polar=True)
plt.axes().get_yaxis().set_visible(False)
#12 labels, clockwise
marks = np.linspace(360./12,360,12, endpoint=True)
ax.set_thetagrids(marks,map(lambda m: int(m/30),marks),frac=.85,size='x-large')
ax.set_theta_direction(-1)
ax.set_theta_offset(np.pi/2)
ax.grid(None)
#hands
wids  = [.2,.03,.01]
lens  = [.75,.9,1]
clrs = plt.cm.winter(np.linspace(0, 1, 3))
factor = [12,60,60,1]
#convert time to radians
def timedata():
    x =  str(datetime.datetime.now().time())
    fig.canvas.set_window_title(x[:8])
    data = map(lambda n: float(n), x.split(':'))+[0]
    for i in range(3):
        data[i]=2*np.pi*(data[i]/factor[i]+data[i+1]/factor[i+1]/factor[i])
        data[i]-=(wids[i]/2)
    return data[:3]
#create hands
bars = ax.bar(timedata(), lens, width=wids, bottom=0.0, color=clrs, linewidth=0)
map(lambda b: b.set_alpha(0.5), bars)
#tick
def animate(i):
    map(lambda bt: bt[0].set_x(bt[1]), zip(bars,timedata()))
    return bars
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, np.arange(1, 200), interval=1000)
plt.show()
```
![pyclock](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2C9aM.png)
[Answer]
## Mathematica
Using more demo code from the Mathematica help browser than I probably should, I get
![clock](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ww2Fc.png)
with
```
Voltmeter3[v_, label_] := 
  Graphics[{{(*case*){EdgeForm[{Thickness[.007], GrayLevel[0]}], 
      GrayLevel[.2], 
      Rectangle[{-1.2, -1.1}, {1.2, 1.3}, 
       RoundingRadius -> .2]},(*case holes*){White, 
      Disk[{-1, -.9}, .05], Disk[{1, -.9}, .05], Disk[{1, 1.1}, .05], 
      Disk[{-1, 1.1}, .05]},(*case outer rim*){Black, 
      Disk[{0, .1}, 1.15], GrayLevel[.5], Disk[{-.02, .12}, 1.13], 
      GrayLevel[.2], Disk[{0, .1}, 1.11]},(*face highlight*)
     EdgeForm[{CapForm["Round"], Thickness[.02], Hue[.125, .7, .6]}], 
     Hue[.125, 1, 1], 
     Disk[{.02, .1}, 
      1, {1.1 Pi, -.1 Pi}],(*face shadow*){EdgeForm[{CapForm["Round"],
         Thickness[.01], Hue[.125, 1, 1]}], Hue[.125, 1, 1], 
      Disk[{-.02, .12}, 1, {1.1 Pi, -.1 Pi}]},(*face*){EdgeForm[], 
      Hue[.125, .5, 1], 
      Rotate[Polygon[({.1, -.04} + # &) /@ 
         Flatten[{{{0, 0}, {0, 1}}, 
           Array[{Sin[2 Pi*(#/50)], Cos[2 Pi*(#/50)]} &, 30]}, 1], 
        VertexColors -> 
         Flatten[{Hue[.125, 0, 1], 
           Array[Hue[.125, .5, 1] &, 50 + 1]}]], 
       30/50 Pi, {0, 
        0}]},(*case mid line highlight*){Hue[.125, .7, .6], 
      Thickness[.025], CapForm["Round"], 
      Line[{{-.95, -.2}, {0, .1}, {.95, -.2}}]},(*case mid disk \
highlight*){Hue[.125, .7, .6], Disk[{0, 0}, .25, {.95 Pi, .05 Pi}]}},
    Inset[
     AngularGauge[v, {0, 100}, GaugeFaceStyle -> None, 
      GaugeFrameStyle -> None, 
      GaugeMarkers -> 
       Graphics[{Hue[0, 1, .7], 
         Polygon[{{.1, .03}, {.1, -.03}, {.95, -.03}, {1, 
            0}, {.95, .03}}]}], 
      GaugeLabels -> {Placed[
         Style[label, FontFamily -> "Helvetica", Bold, 
          FontSize -> Scaled[.08], White], {.5, .35}]}, 
      LabelStyle -> 
       Directive[FontFamily -> "Helvetica", FontSize -> Scaled[.06]], 
      ScaleOrigin -> {{.85 Pi, .15 Pi}, .9}, 
      ScaleDivisions -> {2, 10}, 
      ScaleRanges -> {{Scaled[.75], Scaled[1]}}, 
      ScaleRangeStyle -> Hue[0, 1, .7, .7], AxesStyle -> Opacity[0], 
      TicksStyle -> {Thickness[.01], Thickness[.005]}, 
      ImageSize -> Automatic, ImagePadding -> None], {0, 0}, {0, 
      0}, {1.75, Automatic}], {(*case mid disk*)GrayLevel[.2], 
     Disk[{0, 0}, .2], GrayLevel[0], Disk[{0, 0}, .075], 
     Disk[{-.85, -.4}, .05], Disk[{.85, -.4}, .05]}}, 
   PlotRangeClipping -> True];
Dynamic@Refresh[
  GraphicsRow[{Voltmeter3[DateList[][[4]], "Hour"], 
    Voltmeter3[DateList[][[5]], "Minute"], 
    Voltmeter3[DateList[][[6]], "Second"]}], UpdateInterval -> 1]
```
[Answer]
# C+Cairo+xcb
Basically ripped-off the postscript solution and translated to Cairo. :)
Some gotchas in doing this: ps uses degrees, Cairo uses radians; ps orients the window with +y *up*, xcb orients it with +y *down*.
```
//xclock.c
//cc $(pkg-config --cflags --libs cairo xcb xcb-icccm) -o xclock xclock.c -lcairo -lxcb -lxcb-icccm
#include <math.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <cairo.h>
#include <cairo-xcb.h>
#include <xcb/xcb.h>
#include <xcb/xcb_image.h>
#include <xcb/xcb_aux.h>
#include <xcb/xcb_icccm.h>
double deg_rad (double rad){
    return rad * (180.0/M_PI);
}
double rad_deg (double deg){
    return deg * (M_PI/180.0);
}
typedef struct {
    int width, height;
    int scrno;
    xcb_screen_t *scr;
    xcb_connection_t *connection;
    xcb_drawable_t win;
    unsigned int white;
    xcb_visualtype_t *visual_type;
    cairo_surface_t *surface;
    cairo_t *cr;
} Window;
Window window;
int makewindow()
{
    xcb_screen_iterator_t iter;
    xcb_depth_iterator_t depth_iter;
    uint32_t mask=0;
    uint32_t values[2];
    window.connection = xcb_connect(NULL,&window.scrno);
    iter = xcb_setup_roots_iterator(xcb_get_setup(window.connection));
    for (; iter.rem; --window.scrno, xcb_screen_next(&iter))
        if (window.scrno == 0)
        {
            window.scr = iter.data;
            break;
        }
    window.win = xcb_generate_id(window.connection);
    window.white = window.scr->white_pixel;
    mask = XCB_CW_BACK_PIXEL | XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;
    values[0] = window.white;
    values[1] = XCB_EVENT_MASK_EXPOSURE;
    xcb_create_window(window.connection, XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT,
            window.win, window.scr->root,
            0, 0,
            window.width, window.height,
            5,
            XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT,
            window.scr->root_visual,
            mask,
            values);
    xcb_icccm_set_wm_name(window.connection, window.win, XCB_ATOM_STRING, 8, strlen("xcr"), "xcr");
    xcb_map_window(window.connection, window.win);
    xcb_flush(window.connection);
    depth_iter = xcb_screen_allowed_depths_iterator(window.scr);
    for (; depth_iter.rem; xcb_depth_next(&depth_iter)) {
        xcb_visualtype_iterator_t visual_iter;
        visual_iter = xcb_depth_visuals_iterator(depth_iter.data);
        for (; visual_iter.rem; xcb_visualtype_next(&visual_iter)) {
            if (window.scr->root_visual == visual_iter.data->visual_id) {
                window.visual_type = visual_iter.data;
                goto visual_found;
            }
        }
    }
visual_found: ;
    {
        window.surface = cairo_xcb_surface_create (window.connection,
                window.win, window.visual_type, window.width, window.height);
        window.cr = cairo_create (window.surface);
        //cairo_select_font_face (window.cr, "serif", CAIRO_FONT_SLANT_NORMAL, CAIRO_FONT_WEIGHT_BOLD);
        //cairo_set_font_size (window.cr, 32.0);
        cairo_set_source_rgb (window.cr, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
        cairo_translate(window.cr, window.width / 2, window.width / 2);
        cairo_scale(window.cr, 1, -1);
        //cairo_move_to (window.cr, 10.0, 50.0);
        //cairo_show_text (window.cr, "Hello, world");
        //cairo_surface_flush(window.surface);
        //xcb_flush(window.connection);
    }
    return 0;
}
int destroywindow() {
    cairo_destroy (window.cr);
    cairo_surface_destroy (window.surface);
    xcb_disconnect(window.connection);
    return 0;
}
int gettime(int *hour, int *min, int *sec) {
    time_t t;
    struct tm *tm;
    time(&t);
    tm = localtime(&t);
    *hour = tm->tm_hour;
    *min = tm->tm_min;
    *sec = tm->tm_sec;
    return 0;
}
void drawclock(int x) {
    int hour, min, sec;
    double radius, centradius;
    int i, j;
    (void)x;
    signal(SIGALRM, drawclock);
    //hour = 0; min = 30; sec = 30;
    gettime(&hour, &min, &sec);
    hour %= 12;
    //printf("%02d:%02d:%02d\n", hour, min, sec);
    radius = (double)window.width / 2.0;
    radius -= 10.0;
    centradius = radius / 100.0;
    // Erase
    cairo_set_source_rgb(window.cr, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
    cairo_paint(window.cr);
    cairo_set_source_rgb(window.cr, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    // Ticks
    for (i = 0; i < 12; i++){
        cairo_set_line_width(window.cr, 1);
        for (j = 0; j < 4; j++){
            cairo_rotate(window.cr, rad_deg(6));
            cairo_move_to(window.cr, radius, 0);
            cairo_rel_line_to(window.cr, (double)radius / 20.0, 0);
            cairo_stroke(window.cr);
        }
        cairo_set_line_width(window.cr, 3);
        cairo_rotate(window.cr, rad_deg(6));
        cairo_move_to(window.cr, radius, 0);
        cairo_rel_line_to(window.cr, (double)radius / 20.0, 0);
        cairo_stroke(window.cr);
    }
    // Hour hand
    cairo_save(window.cr);
        cairo_rotate(window.cr, rad_deg(90.0 - (60.0 * (double)hour + (double)min)/2));
        cairo_new_path(window.cr);
        cairo_move_to(window.cr, 0, 2);
        cairo_curve_to(window.cr, 15.0 * centradius, 3.0 * centradius,
                                  33.0 * centradius, 0,
                                  50.0 * centradius, 3.0 * centradius);
        cairo_curve_to(window.cr, 55.0 * centradius, 15.0 * centradius,
                                  60.0 * centradius, 0,
                                  76.0 * centradius, 0);
        cairo_curve_to(window.cr, 60.0 * centradius, 0,
                                  55.0 * centradius, -15.0 * centradius,
                                  50.0 * centradius, -3.0 * centradius);
        cairo_curve_to(window.cr, 33.0 * centradius, 0,
                                  15.0 * centradius, -3.0 * centradius,
                                  0, -2.0 * centradius);
        cairo_close_path(window.cr);
        cairo_set_source_rgb (window.cr, 0.0, 0.0, 0.677);
        cairo_fill(window.cr);
    cairo_restore(window.cr);
    // Minute hand
    cairo_save(window.cr);
        cairo_rotate(window.cr, rad_deg(90.0 - 6.0 * (double)min));
        cairo_new_path(window.cr);
        cairo_move_to(window.cr, 0, 2);
        cairo_curve_to(window.cr, 15.0 * centradius, 3.0 * centradius,
                                  33.0 * centradius, 0,
                                  50.0 * centradius, centradius);
        cairo_curve_to(window.cr, 65.0 * centradius, 3.0 * centradius,
                                  83.0 * centradius, 0,
                                  97.0 * centradius, 0);
        cairo_curve_to(window.cr, 83.0 * centradius, 0,
                                  65.0 * centradius, -3.0 * centradius,
                                  50.0 * centradius, -1.0 * centradius);
        cairo_curve_to(window.cr, 33.0 * centradius, 0,
                                  15.0 * centradius, -3.0 * centradius,
                                  0, -2.0 * centradius);
        cairo_close_path(window.cr);
        cairo_set_source_rgb (window.cr, 0.635, 0.0, 0.0);
        cairo_fill(window.cr);
    cairo_restore(window.cr);
    cairo_surface_flush(window.surface);
    xcb_flush(window.connection);
    //printf("alarm in %d\n", 60 - sec);
    alarm(60 - sec);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    xcb_generic_event_t *e;
    window.width = window.height = 200;
    signal(SIGALRM, drawclock);
    makewindow();
    while (e = xcb_wait_for_event(window.connection)){
        switch(e->response_type & ~0x80){
        case XCB_EXPOSE:
            drawclock(0);
        }
        free(e);
        //sleep(1);
    }
    destroywindow();
    return 0;
}
```
![xclock window](https://i.stack.imgur.com/mC7OD.png)
[Answer]
Creating analog clocks has some sort of attractions with people learning programming. As a matter of fact I teach a JavaScript class this year and my students had ton of fun when we implemented an analog clock using p5.js...
[![Analog clock made using p5.js](https://i.stack.imgur.com/e51t9.png)](https://i.stack.imgur.com/e51t9.png)
The source code for the analog clock is available at <https://github.com/mveteanu/JSCourse>
]