DDInter1008 DDInter1959
Ketoconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent used in the prevention and treatment of a variety of fungal infections.[FDA Label] It functions by preventing the synthesis of ergosterol, the fungal equivalent of cholesterol, thereby increasing membrane fluidity and preventing growth of the fungus.[A181802,T116] Ketoconazole was first approved in an oral formulation for systemic use by the FDA in 1981. At this time it was considered a significant improvement over previous antifungals, [miconazole] and [clotrimazole], due to its broad spectrum and good absorption. However, it was discovered that ketoconazole produces frequent gastrointestinal side effects and dose-related hepatitis.[A188054,A188057] These effects combined with waning efficacy led to its eventual replacement by triazole agents, [fluconazole], [itraconazole], [voriconazole], and [posaconazole]. Ketoconazole and its predecessor [clotrimazole] continue
Zanubrutinib is a novel Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor used for the treatment of adult patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) who have received at least one prior therapy. Mantle cell lymphoma is an aggressive mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma associated with early relapse, poor clinical outcomes, and long-term survival. BTK is an enzyme that plays a role in oncogenic signalling pathways, promoting the survival and proliferation of malignant B cells. Compared to the first-generation BTK inhibitor [ibrutinib], zanubrutinib displays higher potency and selectivity for BTK with fewer off-target effects. Due to this enhanced selectivity towards BTK, zanubrutinib belongs to the second-generation BTK inhibitor drug group that also includes [acalabrutinib], which was approved by the FDA in 2017. Zanubrutinib was granted accelerated approval by the FDA in November 2019 based on clinical trial results that demonstrated an 84% overall response rate from zanubrutinib therapy in patients with MCL, which measures the proportion of patients in a trial whose tumour is entirely or partially destroyed by a drug. It is currently marketed under the trade name BRUKINSA™ and is available as oral capsules. In August 2021, the FDA granted accelerated approval to zanubrutinib for the treatment of adults with Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia. This indication is valid in the US, Europe, and Canada. In September 2021, zanubrutinib was granted another accelerated approval for the treatment of relapsed or refractory marginal zone lymphoma who have received at least one anti-CD20-based regimen. In October 2022, the EMA's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) recommended zanubrutinib be granted marketing authorization for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Posaconazole
Posaconazole {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Ivosidenib
Ivosidenib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Vemurafenib
Vemurafenib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) DDIT4
DDIT4 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Vemurafenib
Vemurafenib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) is included by {v} (Pharmacologic Class) P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors
P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors {u} (Pharmacologic Class) includes {v} (Compound) Vemurafenib
Vemurafenib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) ABHD4
ABHD4 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Treprostinil
Treprostinil {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) MSMO1
MSMO1 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Vemurafenib
Vemurafenib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Posaconazole
Posaconazole {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Pazopanib
Pazopanib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) is included by {v} (Pharmacologic Class) P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors
P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors {u} (Pharmacologic Class) includes {v} (Compound) Crizotinib
Crizotinib {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) ACAT2
ACAT2 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Anagrelide
Anagrelide {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Posaconazole
Posaconazole {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Bexarotene
Bexarotene {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Posaconazole (Compound) and Posaconazole may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ivosidenib and Ivosidenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Vemurafenib (Compound) and Vemurafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole (Compound) upregulates DDIT4 (Gene) and DDIT4 (Gene) is upregulated by Vemurafenib (Compound) and Vemurafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole (Compound) is included by P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors (Pharmacologic Class) and P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors (Pharmacologic Class) includes Vemurafenib (Compound) and Vemurafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole (Compound) upregulates ABHD4 (Gene) and ABHD4 (Gene) is upregulated by Treprostinil (Compound) and Treprostinil may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole (Compound) upregulates MSMO1 (Gene) and MSMO1 (Gene) is downregulated by Vemurafenib (Compound) and Vemurafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Posaconazole (Compound) and Posaconazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pazopanib and Pazopanib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole (Compound) is included by P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors (Pharmacologic Class) and P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors (Pharmacologic Class) includes Crizotinib (Compound) and Crizotinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole (Compound) upregulates ACAT2 (Gene) and ACAT2 (Gene) is downregulated by Anagrelide (Compound) and Anagrelide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Zanubrutinib
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Posaconazole (Compound) and Posaconazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Bexarotene and Bexarotene may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Zanubrutinib