DDInter675 DDInter652
Esmolol, commonly marketed under the trade name Brevibloc, is a cardioselective beta-1 receptor blocker. It has a rapid onset but short duration of action without causing significant intrinsic sympathomimetic or membrane stabilizing activities at recommended therapeutic doses. It works by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart, which leads to decreased force and rate of heart contractions. Esmolol prevents the action of two naturally occurring substances: epinephrine and norepinephrine. The FDA withdrew its approval for the use of all parenteral dosage form drug products containing esmolol hydrochloride that supply 250 milligrams/milliliter of concentrated esmolol per 10-milliliter ampule. Other esmolol formulations are still available for use.
Epinephrine, also known as _adrenaline_, is a hormone and neurotransmitter and produced by the adrenal glands that can also be used as a drug due to its various important functions. Though it has long been used in the treatment of hypersensitivity reactions, epinephrine in the auto-injector form (EpiPen) has been available since 1987 in the USA. Many new products/biosimilars and dosage routes have been approved under various names over the last several decades , , . On August 16, 2018, Teva Pharmaceuticals USA gained approval to market its generic epinephrine auto-injector in 0.3 mg and 0.15 mg strengths . Dosage delivery routes for epinephrine include intravenous, inhalation, nebulization, intramuscular injection, and subcutaneous injection. In general, the most common uses of parenteral epinephrine are to relieve respiratory distress due to bronchospasm, to provide rapid relief of hypersensitivity (anaphylactic or anaphylactoid) reactions to drugs, animal serums and other allergens, and to prolong the action of infiltration anesthetics . In addition to the above functions, epinephrine is the primary drug administered during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to reverse cardiac arrest , . It can be used in severe cases of croup .
Esmolol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ADRB2
ADRB2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Epinephrine
Esmolol {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Dizziness
Dizziness {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Epinephrine
Esmolol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Acebutolol
Acebutolol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Epinephrine
Esmolol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Bisoprolol
Bisoprolol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Epinephrine
Esmolol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Pindolol
Pindolol {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Epinephrine
Esmolol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Sotalol
Sotalol {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Epinephrine
Esmolol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ADRB2
ADRB2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Droxidopa
Droxidopa {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Epinephrine
Esmolol {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Dizziness
Dizziness {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Phenylephrine
Phenylephrine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Epinephrine
Esmolol {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular fibrillation {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Amisulpride
Amisulpride {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Epinephrine
Esmolol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Acebutolol
Acebutolol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Phenylephrine
Phenylephrine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Epinephrine
Esmolol (Compound) binds ADRB2 (Gene) and ADRB2 (Gene) is bound by Epinephrine (Compound)
Esmolol (Compound) causes Dizziness (Side Effect) and Dizziness (Side Effect) is caused by Epinephrine (Compound)
Esmolol (Compound) resembles Acebutolol (Compound) and Acebutolol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epinephrine
Esmolol (Compound) resembles Bisoprolol (Compound) and Bisoprolol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epinephrine
Esmolol (Compound) resembles Pindolol (Compound) and Pindolol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Epinephrine
Esmolol (Compound) resembles Sotalol (Compound) and Sotalol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Epinephrine
Esmolol (Compound) binds ADRB2 (Gene) and ADRB2 (Gene) is bound by Droxidopa (Compound) and Droxidopa may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epinephrine
Esmolol (Compound) causes Dizziness (Side Effect) and Dizziness (Side Effect) is caused by Phenylephrine (Compound) and Phenylephrine (Compound) resembles Epinephrine (Compound)
Esmolol (Compound) causes Ventricular fibrillation (Side Effect) and Ventricular fibrillation (Side Effect) is caused by Amisulpride (Compound) and Amisulpride may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epinephrine
Esmolol (Compound) resembles Acebutolol (Compound) and Acebutolol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Phenylephrine and Phenylephrine (Compound) resembles Epinephrine (Compound)