DDInter596 DDInter893
Doxorubicin is a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius along side with daunorubicin, another cytotoxic agent, in 1970.[A1575,A257709,A257614] Although they both have aglyconic and sugar moieties, doxorubicin's side chain terminates with a primary alcohol group compared to the methyl group of daunorubicin. Although its detailed molecular mechanisms have yet to be understood, doxorubicin is generally thought to exert its effect through DNA intercalation, which eventually leads to DNA damage and the generation of reactive oxygen species. Thanks to its efficacy and broad effect, doxorubicin was approved by the FDA in 1974 to treat a variety of cancer, including but not limited to breast, lung, gastric, ovarian, thyroid, non-Hodgkin’s and Hodgkin’s lymphoma, multiple myel
Hydroxychloroquine is a racemic mixture consisting of an R and S enantiomer. Hydroxychloroquine is an aminoquinoline like [chloroquine]. It is a commonly prescribed medication in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Hydroxychloroquine is also used for the prophylaxis of malaria in regions where chloroquine resistance is unlikely. It was developed during World War II as a derivative of [quinacrine] with less severe side effects. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are both being investigated for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2. **The FDA emergency use authorization for hydroxychloroquine and [chloroquine] in the treatment of COVID-19 was revoked on 15 June 2020.** Hydroxychloroquine was granted FDA approval on 18 April 1955. A recent study reported a fatality in the group being treated with hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19.
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2D6
CYP2D6 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Hydroxychloroquine
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) PAK1
PAK1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Hydroxychloroquine
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Vomiting
Vomiting {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Hydroxychloroquine
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Daunorubicin
Daunorubicin {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Hydroxychloroquine
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2D6
CYP2D6 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Chloroquine
Chloroquine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Hydroxychloroquine
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) PAK1
PAK1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Amodiaquine
Amodiaquine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Hydroxychloroquine
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Vomiting
Vomiting {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Chloroquine
Chloroquine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Hydroxychloroquine
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Anaemia
Anaemia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Methotrexate
Methotrexate {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Hydroxychloroquine
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Hepatocellular injury
Hepatocellular injury {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Bortezomib
Bortezomib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Hydroxychloroquine
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Leukopenia
Leukopenia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Primaquine
Primaquine {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Hydroxychloroquine
Doxorubicin (Compound) binds CYP2D6 (Gene) and CYP2D6 (Gene) is bound by Hydroxychloroquine (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) upregulates PAK1 (Gene) and PAK1 (Gene) is upregulated by Hydroxychloroquine (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) causes Vomiting (Side Effect) and Vomiting (Side Effect) is caused by Hydroxychloroquine (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) resembles Daunorubicin (Compound) and Daunorubicin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Hydroxychloroquine
Doxorubicin (Compound) binds CYP2D6 (Gene) and CYP2D6 (Gene) is bound by Chloroquine (Compound) and Chloroquine (Compound) resembles Hydroxychloroquine (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) upregulates PAK1 (Gene) and PAK1 (Gene) is upregulated by Amodiaquine (Compound) and Amodiaquine (Compound) resembles Hydroxychloroquine (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) causes Vomiting (Side Effect) and Vomiting (Side Effect) is caused by Chloroquine (Compound) and Chloroquine (Compound) resembles Hydroxychloroquine (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) causes Anaemia (Side Effect) and Anaemia (Side Effect) is caused by Methotrexate (Compound) and Methotrexate may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Hydroxychloroquine
Doxorubicin (Compound) causes Hepatocellular injury (Side Effect) and Hepatocellular injury (Side Effect) is caused by Bortezomib (Compound) and Bortezomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Hydroxychloroquine
Doxorubicin (Compound) causes Leukopenia (Side Effect) and Leukopenia (Side Effect) is caused by Primaquine (Compound) and Primaquine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Hydroxychloroquine