DDInter1928 DDInter1628
Verapamil is a phenylalkylamine calcium channel blocker used in the treatment of high blood pressure, heart arrhythmias, and angina, and was the first calcium channel antagonist to be introduced into therapy in the early 1960s. It is a member of the non-dihydropyridine class of calcium channel blockers, which includes drugs like [diltiazem] and [flunarizine], but is chemically unrelated to other cardioactive medications. Verapamil is administered as a racemic mixture containing equal amounts of the S- and R-enantiomer, each of which is pharmacologically distinct - the S-enantiomer carries approximately 20-fold greater potency than the R-enantiomer, but is metabolized at a higher rate.
Ruxolitinib, formerly known as INCB018424 or INC424, is an anticancer drug and a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor. It is a potent and selective inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2, which are tyrosine kinases involved in cytokine signalling and hematopoiesis. Myeloproliferative neoplasms, such as myelofibrosis and polycythemia vera, are often characterized by aberrant activation of the JAK-STAT pathway, leading to abnormal blood cell counts and thrombotic complications. By inhibiting JAK1 and JAK2, ruxolitinib works to block the dysregulated cell signalling pathways and prevents abnormal blood cell proliferation. Due to a large number of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms who have JAK2 mutations, ruxolitinib was the first ATP-competitive inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2 ever developed. Ruxolitinib was first approved for the treatment of adult patients with myelofibrosis by the FDA in 2011, followed by EMA's approval in 2012. In 2014, it was approved for the treatment of polycythemia vera in adults who have an inadequate response to or are intolerant of [hydroxyurea] and in 2019, ruxolitinib was approved for use in steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease in adults and children. The topical formulation of ruxolitinib is used to treat atopic dermatitis and vitiligo. It is being investigated for other inflammatory skin conditions. Ruxolitinib has been investigated to treat patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) accompanied by severe systemic hyperinflammation. In phase II clinical trials, ruxolitinib improved chest computed tomography and improved recovery in patients with lymphopenia.[A229713, A229718] However, phase III clinical trials later determined that ruxolitinib was inadequate in meeting its primary endpoint of reducing the number of hospitalized COVID-19 patients who experienced severe complications thus the drug was not approved as a treatment for COVID-19.
Verapamil {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Verapamil {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) CNOT4
CNOT4 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Verapamil {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Fatigue
Fatigue {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Verapamil {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) CNOT4
CNOT4 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) JAK2
JAK2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Verapamil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Nilotinib
Nilotinib {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) hematologic cancer
hematologic cancer {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Verapamil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Anagrelide
Anagrelide {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) hematologic cancer
hematologic cancer {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Verapamil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Nilotinib
Nilotinib {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Verapamil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Anagrelide
Anagrelide {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) CPSF4
CPSF4 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Verapamil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Nilotinib
Nilotinib {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) PLK1
PLK1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Verapamil {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) CNOT4
CNOT4 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) CHERP
CHERP {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Verapamil (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Verapamil (Compound) upregulates CNOT4 (Gene) and CNOT4 (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Verapamil (Compound) causes Fatigue (Side Effect) and Fatigue (Side Effect) is caused by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Verapamil (Compound) upregulates CNOT4 (Gene) and CNOT4 (Gene) is regulated by JAK2 (Gene) and JAK2 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Verapamil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nilotinib and Nilotinib (Compound) treats hematologic cancer (Disease) and hematologic cancer (Disease) is treated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Verapamil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Anagrelide and Anagrelide (Compound) treats hematologic cancer (Disease) and hematologic cancer (Disease) is treated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Verapamil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nilotinib and Nilotinib (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Verapamil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Anagrelide and Anagrelide (Compound) upregulates CPSF4 (Gene) and CPSF4 (Gene) is downregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Verapamil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nilotinib and Nilotinib (Compound) downregulates PLK1 (Gene) and PLK1 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Verapamil (Compound) upregulates CNOT4 (Gene) and CNOT4 (Gene) is regulated by CHERP (Gene) and CHERP (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)