DDInter1055 DDInter410
Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic and the optical S-(-) isomer of racemic [ofloxacin]. It reportedly carries 8 to 128-fold more activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria compared to R-(+)-ofloxacin and remains stereochemically stable following administration (i.e. it does not invert to the inactive isomer). Levofloxacin, along with other quinolones such as [gatifloxacin] and [moxifloxacin], is a member of the third generation of fluoroquinolones, colloquially referred to as the "respiratory quinolones" due to improved activity against gram-positive bacteria commonly implicated in respiratory infections.[A31453,A190756] Levofloxacin was first approved by the FDA in 1996, and was approved in Canada and several South American countries soon after.
Clomipramine, the 3-chloro analog of imipramine, is a dibenzazepine-derivative tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). TCAs are structurally similar to phenothiazines. They contain a tricyclic ring system with an alkyl amine substituent on the central ring. In non-depressed individuals, clomipramine does not affect mood or arousal, but may cause sedation. In depressed individuals, clomipramine exerts a positive effect on mood. TCAs are potent inhibitors of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Tertiary amine TCAs, such as clomipramine, are more potent inhibitors of serotonin reuptake than secondary amine TCAs, such as nortriptyline and desipramine. TCAs also down-regulate cerebral cortical &beta;-adrenergic receptors and sensitize post-synaptic serotonergic receptors with chronic use. The antidepressant effects of TCAs are thought to be due to an overall increase in serotonergic neurotransmission. TCAs also block histamine-H<sub>1</sub> receptors, &alpha;<sub>1</sub>-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic receptors, which accounts for their sedative, hypotensive and anticholinergic effects (e.g. blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention), respectively. See toxicity section below for a complete listing of side effects. Clomipramine may be used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder and disorders with an obsessive-compulsive component (e.g. depression, schizophrenia, Tourette’s disorder). Unlabeled indications include panic disorder, chronic pain (e.g. central pain, idiopathic pain disorder, tension headache, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, neuropathic pain), cataplexy and associated narcolepsy, autistic disorder, trichotillomania, onchophagia, stuttering, premature ejaculation, and premenstrual syndrome. Clomipramine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP1A2
CYP1A2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Clomipramine
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Pruritus
Pruritus {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Clomipramine
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP1A2
CYP1A2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Thioridazine
Thioridazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Clomipramine
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Adinazolam
Adinazolam {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Clomipramine
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Pruritus
Pruritus {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Trimipramine
Trimipramine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Clomipramine
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Dysuria
Dysuria {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Diazepam
Diazepam {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Clomipramine
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Phobia
Phobia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Nabilone
Nabilone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Clomipramine
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Leukorrhea
Leukorrhea {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Metronidazole
Metronidazole {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Clomipramine
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Manic psychosis
Manic psychosis {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Sibutramine
Sibutramine {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Clomipramine
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Dysphonia
Dysphonia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Tiotropium
Tiotropium {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Clomipramine
Levofloxacin (Compound) binds CYP1A2 (Gene) and CYP1A2 (Gene) is bound by Clomipramine (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Pruritus (Side Effect) and Pruritus (Side Effect) is caused by Clomipramine (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) binds CYP1A2 (Gene) and CYP1A2 (Gene) is bound by Thioridazine (Compound) and Thioridazine (Compound) resembles Clomipramine (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Adinazolam (Compound) and Adinazolam (Compound) resembles Clomipramine (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Pruritus (Side Effect) and Pruritus (Side Effect) is caused by Trimipramine (Compound) and Trimipramine (Compound) resembles Clomipramine (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Dysuria (Side Effect) and Dysuria (Side Effect) is caused by Diazepam (Compound) and Diazepam (Compound) resembles Clomipramine (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Phobia (Side Effect) and Phobia (Side Effect) is caused by Nabilone (Compound) and Nabilone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clomipramine
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Leukorrhea (Side Effect) and Leukorrhea (Side Effect) is caused by Metronidazole (Compound) and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Clomipramine
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Manic psychosis (Side Effect) and Manic psychosis (Side Effect) is caused by Sibutramine (Compound) and Sibutramine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Clomipramine
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Dysphonia (Side Effect) and Dysphonia (Side Effect) is caused by Tiotropium (Compound) and Tiotropium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clomipramine