DDInter1607 DDInter893
Ritonavir is an HIV protease inhibitor that interferes with the reproductive cycle of HIV. Although it was initially developed as an independent antiviral agent, it has been shown to possess advantageous properties in combination regimens with low-dose ritonavir and other protease inhibitors. It is now more commonly used as a booster of other protease inhibitors and is available in both liquid formulations and as capsules. While ritonavir is not an active antiviral agent against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, it is added in combination therapies indicated for the treatment of HCV infections as a booster. Ritonavir is a potent CYP3A inhibitor that increases peak and trough plasma drug concentrations of other protease inhibitors such as and overall drug exposure. American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines recommend ritonavir-boosted combination therapies as first-line therapy for HCV Genotype 1a/b and
Hydroxychloroquine is a racemic mixture consisting of an R and S enantiomer. Hydroxychloroquine is an aminoquinoline like [chloroquine]. It is a commonly prescribed medication in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Hydroxychloroquine is also used for the prophylaxis of malaria in regions where chloroquine resistance is unlikely. It was developed during World War II as a derivative of [quinacrine] with less severe side effects. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are both being investigated for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2. **The FDA emergency use authorization for hydroxychloroquine and [chloroquine] in the treatment of COVID-19 was revoked on 15 June 2020.** Hydroxychloroquine was granted FDA approval on 18 April 1955. A recent study reported a fatality in the group being treated with hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19.
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2D6
CYP2D6 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Vomiting
Vomiting {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Atazanavir
Atazanavir {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Carfilzomib
Carfilzomib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Lopinavir
Lopinavir {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2D6
CYP2D6 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Chloroquine
Chloroquine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Vomiting
Vomiting {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Chloroquine
Chloroquine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Depression
Depression {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Hepatocellular injury
Hepatocellular injury {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Bortezomib
Bortezomib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Leukopenia
Leukopenia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Primaquine
Primaquine {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir (Compound) binds CYP2D6 (Gene) and CYP2D6 (Gene) is bound by Hydroxychloroquine (Compound)
Ritonavir (Compound) causes Vomiting (Side Effect) and Vomiting (Side Effect) is caused by Hydroxychloroquine (Compound)
Ritonavir (Compound) resembles Atazanavir (Compound) and Atazanavir may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir (Compound) resembles Carfilzomib (Compound) and Carfilzomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir (Compound) resembles Lopinavir (Compound) and Lopinavir may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir (Compound) binds CYP2D6 (Gene) and CYP2D6 (Gene) is bound by Chloroquine (Compound) and Chloroquine (Compound) resembles Hydroxychloroquine (Compound)
Ritonavir (Compound) causes Vomiting (Side Effect) and Vomiting (Side Effect) is caused by Chloroquine (Compound) and Chloroquine (Compound) resembles Hydroxychloroquine (Compound)
Ritonavir (Compound) causes Depression (Side Effect) and Depression (Side Effect) is caused by Sulfamethoxazole (Compound) and Sulfamethoxazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir (Compound) causes Hepatocellular injury (Side Effect) and Hepatocellular injury (Side Effect) is caused by Bortezomib (Compound) and Bortezomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Hydroxychloroquine
Ritonavir (Compound) causes Leukopenia (Side Effect) and Leukopenia (Side Effect) is caused by Primaquine (Compound) and Primaquine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Hydroxychloroquine