DDInter458 DDInter364
Cyclosporine is a calcineurin inhibitor known for its immunomodulatory properties that prevent organ transplant rejection and treat various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. It is isolated from the fungus _Beauveria nivea_. Initially manufactured by Sandoz and approved for use by the FDA in 1983, cyclosporine is now available in various products by Novartis (previously known as Sandoz).[L11097,L3734,L11118]
Chlorpropamide is an oral antihyperglycemic agent used for the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). It belongs to the sulfonylurea class of insulin secretagogues, which act by stimulating β cells of the pancreas to release insulin. Sulfonylureas increase both basal insulin secretion and meal-stimulated insulin release. Medications in this class differ in their dose, rate of absorption, duration of action, route of elimination and binding site on their target pancreatic β cell receptor. Sulfonylureas also increase peripheral glucose utilization, decrease hepatic gluconeogenesis and may increase the number and sensitivity of insulin receptors. Sulfonylureas are associated with weight gain, though less so than insulin. Due to their mechanism of action, sulfonylureas may cause hypoglycemia and require consistent food intake to decrease this risk. The risk of hypoglycemia is increased in elderly, debilitated and malnourished individuals. Chlorpropamide is not recommended for the treatment of NIDDM as it increases blood pressure and the risk of retinopathy (UKPDS-33). Up to 80% of the single oral dose of chlorpropramide is metabolized, likely in the liver; 80-90% of the dose is excreted in urine as unchanged drug and metabolites. Renal and hepatic dysfunction may increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Chlorpropamide
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Diarrhoea
Diarrhoea {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Chlorpropamide
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Probenecid
Probenecid {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Chlorpropamide
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C19
CYP2C19 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Gliclazide
Gliclazide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Chlorpropamide
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Diarrhoea
Diarrhoea {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Glipizide
Glipizide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Chlorpropamide
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) MPC2
MPC2 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Sulfacetamide
Sulfacetamide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Chlorpropamide
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Diarrhoea
Diarrhoea {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Gliclazide
Gliclazide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Chlorpropamide
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) MPC2
MPC2 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Chlorpropamide
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) CNPY3
CNPY3 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Glipizide
Glipizide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Chlorpropamide
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) CNPY3
CNPY3 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Tolbutamide
Tolbutamide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Chlorpropamide
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Chlorpropamide (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) causes Diarrhoea (Side Effect) and Diarrhoea (Side Effect) is caused by Chlorpropamide (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Probenecid (Compound) and Probenecid (Compound) resembles Chlorpropamide (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds CYP2C19 (Gene) and CYP2C19 (Gene) is bound by Gliclazide (Compound) and Gliclazide (Compound) resembles Chlorpropamide (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) causes Diarrhoea (Side Effect) and Diarrhoea (Side Effect) is caused by Glipizide (Compound) and Glipizide (Compound) resembles Chlorpropamide (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) downregulates MPC2 (Gene) and MPC2 (Gene) is downregulated by Sulfacetamide (Compound) and Sulfacetamide (Compound) resembles Chlorpropamide (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) causes Diarrhoea (Side Effect) and Diarrhoea (Side Effect) is caused by Gliclazide (Compound) and Gliclazide (Compound) resembles Chlorpropamide (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) downregulates MPC2 (Gene) and MPC2 (Gene) is regulated by ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Chlorpropamide (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) upregulates CNPY3 (Gene) and CNPY3 (Gene) is upregulated by Glipizide (Compound) and Glipizide (Compound) resembles Chlorpropamide (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) upregulates CNPY3 (Gene) and CNPY3 (Gene) is upregulated by Tolbutamide (Compound) and Tolbutamide (Compound) resembles Chlorpropamide (Compound)