DDInter255 DDInter1628
Busulfan is a bifunctional alkylating agent, having a selective immunosuppressive effect on bone marrow. It is not a structural analog of the nitrogen mustards. It has been used in the palliative treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (myeloid leukemia, chronic), but although symptomatic relief is provided, no permanent remission is brought about. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), busulfan is listed as a known carcinogen.
Ruxolitinib, formerly known as INCB018424 or INC424, is an anticancer drug and a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor. It is a potent and selective inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2, which are tyrosine kinases involved in cytokine signalling and hematopoiesis. Myeloproliferative neoplasms, such as myelofibrosis and polycythemia vera, are often characterized by aberrant activation of the JAK-STAT pathway, leading to abnormal blood cell counts and thrombotic complications. By inhibiting JAK1 and JAK2, ruxolitinib works to block the dysregulated cell signalling pathways and prevents abnormal blood cell proliferation. Due to a large number of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms who have JAK2 mutations, ruxolitinib was the first ATP-competitive inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2 ever developed. Ruxolitinib was first approved for the treatment of adult patients with myelofibrosis by the FDA in 2011, followed by EMA's approval in 2012. In 2014, it was approved for the treatment of polycythemia vera in adults who have an inadequate response to or are intolerant of [hydroxyurea] and in 2019, ruxolitinib was approved for use in steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease in adults and children. The topical formulation of ruxolitinib is used to treat atopic dermatitis and vitiligo. It is being investigated for other inflammatory skin conditions. Ruxolitinib has been investigated to treat patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) accompanied by severe systemic hyperinflammation. In phase II clinical trials, ruxolitinib improved chest computed tomography and improved recovery in patients with lymphopenia.[A229713, A229718] However, phase III clinical trials later determined that ruxolitinib was inadequate in meeting its primary endpoint of reducing the number of hospitalized COVID-19 patients who experienced severe complications thus the drug was not approved as a treatment for COVID-19.
Busulfan {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) hematologic cancer
hematologic cancer {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Busulfan {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Busulfan {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) FOXJ3
FOXJ3 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Busulfan {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) BLCAP
BLCAP {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Busulfan {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) SLC35A1
SLC35A1 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Busulfan {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Anaemia
Anaemia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Busulfan {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) hematologic cancer
hematologic cancer {u} (Disease) is associated with {v} (Gene) JAK1
JAK1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Busulfan {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) FOXJ3
FOXJ3 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) BMPR2
BMPR2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Busulfan {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) TATDN2
TATDN2 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) ZNF263
ZNF263 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Busulfan {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) SLC35A1
SLC35A1 {u} (Gene) regulates {v} (Gene) MAP3K7
MAP3K7 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Busulfan (Compound) treats hematologic cancer (Disease) and hematologic cancer (Disease) is treated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Busulfan (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Busulfan (Compound) downregulates FOXJ3 (Gene) and FOXJ3 (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Busulfan (Compound) downregulates BLCAP (Gene) and BLCAP (Gene) is downregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Busulfan (Compound) upregulates SLC35A1 (Gene) and SLC35A1 (Gene) is downregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Busulfan (Compound) causes Anaemia (Side Effect) and Anaemia (Side Effect) is caused by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Busulfan (Compound) treats hematologic cancer (Disease) and hematologic cancer (Disease) is associated with JAK1 (Gene) and JAK1 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Busulfan (Compound) downregulates FOXJ3 (Gene) and FOXJ3 (Gene) is regulated by BMPR2 (Gene) and BMPR2 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Busulfan (Compound) downregulates TATDN2 (Gene) and TATDN2 (Gene) is regulated by ZNF263 (Gene) and ZNF263 (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Busulfan (Compound) upregulates SLC35A1 (Gene) and SLC35A1 (Gene) regulates MAP3K7 (Gene) and MAP3K7 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)