DDInter624 DDInter1110
Efavirenz (brand names Sustiva® and Stocrin®) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and is used as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the treatment of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1. For HIV infection that has not previously been treated, efavirenz and lamivudine in combination with zidovudine or tenofovir is the preferred NNRTI-based regimen. Efavirenz is also used in combination with other antiretroviral agents as part of an expanded postexposure prophylaxis regimen to prevent HIV transmission for those exposed to materials associated with a high risk for HIV transmission.
Macimorelin, a novel and orally active ghrelin mimetic that stimulates GH secretion, is used in the diagnosis of adult GH deficiency (AGHD). More specifically, macimorelin is a peptidomimetic growth hormone secretagogue (GHS) that acts as an agonist of GH secretagogue receptor, or ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a) to dose-dependently increase GH levels . Growth hormone secretagogues (GHS) represent a new class of pharmacological agents which have the potential to be used in numerous clinical applications. They include treatment for growth retardation in children and cachexia associated with chronic disease such as AIDS and cancer. Growth hormone (GH) is classically linked with linear growth during childhood. In deficiency of this hormone, AGHD is commonly associated with increased fat mass (particularly in the abdominal region), decreased lean body mass, osteopenia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and/or glucose intolerance overtime. In addition, individuals with may be susceptible to cardiovascular complications from altered structures and function . Risk factors of AGHD include a history of childhood-onset GH deficiency or with hypothalamic/pituitary disease, surgery, or irradiation to these areas, head trauma, or evidence of other pituitary hormone deficiencies . While there are various therapies available such as GH replacement therapy, the absence of panhypopituitarism and low serum IGF-I levels with nonspecific clinical symptoms pose challenges to the detection and diagnosis of AGHD. The diagnosis of AGHD requires biochemical confirmation with at least 1 GH stimulation test . Macimorelin is clinically useful since it displays good stability and oral bioavailability with comparable affinity to ghrelin receptor as its endogenous ligand. In clinical studies involving healthy subjects, macimorelin stimulated GH release in a dose-dependent manner with good tolerability . Macimorelin, developed by Aeterna Zentaris, was approved by the FDA in December 2017 under the market name Macrilen for oral solution.
Efavirenz {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Metronidazole
Metronidazole {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Macimorelin
Efavirenz {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Toxic epidermal necrolysis {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Metronidazole
Metronidazole {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Macimorelin
Efavirenz {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Clonidine
Clonidine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Macimorelin
Efavirenz {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Toxic epidermal necrolysis {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Meloxicam
Meloxicam {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Macimorelin
Efavirenz {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Coordination abnormal
Coordination abnormal {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Amoxapine
Amoxapine {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Macimorelin
Efavirenz {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Saquinavir {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Macimorelin
Efavirenz {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C19
CYP2C19 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Escitalopram
Escitalopram {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Macimorelin
Efavirenz {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Nevirapine
Nevirapine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Macimorelin
Efavirenz {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) IKBKB
IKBKB {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Arsenic trioxide
Arsenic trioxide {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Macimorelin
Efavirenz {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) TBX2
TBX2 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Clarithromycin
Clarithromycin {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Macimorelin
Efavirenz (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Metronidazole (Compound) and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Macimorelin
Efavirenz (Compound) causes Toxic epidermal necrolysis (Side Effect) and Toxic epidermal necrolysis (Side Effect) is caused by Metronidazole (Compound) and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Macimorelin
Efavirenz (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Clonidine (Compound) and Clonidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Macimorelin
Efavirenz (Compound) causes Toxic epidermal necrolysis (Side Effect) and Toxic epidermal necrolysis (Side Effect) is caused by Meloxicam (Compound) and Meloxicam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Macimorelin
Efavirenz (Compound) causes Coordination abnormal (Side Effect) and Coordination abnormal (Side Effect) is caused by Amoxapine (Compound) and Amoxapine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Macimorelin
Efavirenz (Compound) treats acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (Disease) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (Disease) is treated by Saquinavir (Compound) and Saquinavir may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Macimorelin
Efavirenz (Compound) binds CYP2C19 (Gene) and CYP2C19 (Gene) is bound by Escitalopram (Compound) and Escitalopram may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Macimorelin
Efavirenz (Compound) treats acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (Disease) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (Disease) is treated by Nevirapine (Compound) and Nevirapine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Macimorelin
Efavirenz (Compound) upregulates IKBKB (Gene) and IKBKB (Gene) is bound by Arsenic trioxide (Compound) and Arsenic trioxide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Macimorelin
Efavirenz (Compound) upregulates TBX2 (Gene) and TBX2 (Gene) is upregulated by Clarithromycin (Compound) and Clarithromycin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Macimorelin