DDInter1476 DDInter107
Pirbuterol is a beta-2 adrenergic bronchodilator. In vitro studies and in vivo pharmacologic studies have demonstrated that pirbuterol has a preferential effect on beta-2 Adrenergic receptors compared with isoproterenol. While it is recognized that beta-2 adrenergic receptors are the predominant receptors in bronchial smooth muscle, data indicate that there is a population of beta-2 receptors in the human heart, existing in a concentration between 10-50%. The precise function of these receptors has not been established. The pharmacologic effects of beta adrenergic agonist drugs, including pirbuterol, are at least in proof attributable to stimulation through beta adrenergic receptors of intracellular adenyl cyclase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (AlP) to cyclic-3†,5†-adenosine monophosphate (c-
Apalutamide is a potent androgen receptor (AR) antagonist that selectively binds to the ligand-binding domain of AR and blocks AR nuclear translocation or binding to androgen response elements . It has been used in trials studying the treatment of Prostate Cancer, Hepatic Impairment, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, and Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant, among others. Exerting an antitumor action, apalutamide blocking the effect of androgens that promote tumor growth. It targets the AR ligand-binding domain and prevents AR nuclear translocation, DNA binding, and transcription of AR gene targets in prostate tumors . In mice bearing human CRPC xenograft models, apalutamide treatment produced tumor regressions in a dose-dependent manner that was more effective than that of or . Unlike bicalutamide, apalutamide antagonized AR-mediated signaling in AR overexpressing human CRPC cell lines . Androgen-deprivation therapy, or hormone therapy, can be used as part of maintenance therapy for patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer. Although most patients achieve therapeutic responses at the initial hormone therapy, many patients progress to non-metastatic castration-resistant (resistance to hormone therapy) prostate cancer which is the second-most common cause of cancer-related deaths in American males . Castration-resistant prostate cancer is often incurable, which poses significant clinical challenges for patients. Approximately 10 to 20 % of prostate cancer cases are castration-resistant, and up to 16% of these patients show no evidence of cancer metastasis at the time of castration-resistant diagnosis . Higher prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and shorter PSA doubling time (PSA DT) are associated with a higher risk for metastases and death . In a phase-2 multicenter open-label study, 89% of patients with non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer had ≥50% PSA decline at week 12 of apalutamide treatment . In a randomized trial, the median metastasis-free survival for patients taking apalutamide was 40.5 months compared to 16.2 months for patients taking a placebo . Apalutamide displayed good tolerability and safety profile in clinical studies. Apalutamide was approved in February 2018 by the FDA as Erleada for the treatment of patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer that is resistant to treatment with hormone therapy (castration-resistant). It is available as oral tablets. Apalutamide is the first FDA-approved treatment for non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer .
Pirbuterol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Salbutamol
Salbutamol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Pirbuterol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Bupranolol
Bupranolol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Gemfibrozil
Gemfibrozil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Pirbuterol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Salbutamol
Salbutamol {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Metronidazole
Metronidazole {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Pirbuterol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Terbutaline
Terbutaline {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Salbutamol
Salbutamol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Pirbuterol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Salbutamol
Salbutamol {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Pirbuterol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Salbutamol
Salbutamol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Fluconazole
Fluconazole {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Pirbuterol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Nadolol
Nadolol {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Ticagrelor
Ticagrelor {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Pirbuterol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Salbutamol
Salbutamol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Bisacodyl
Bisacodyl {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Pirbuterol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Nadolol
Nadolol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Lidocaine
Lidocaine {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Pirbuterol {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) asthma
asthma {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Hydrocortisone
Hydrocortisone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Pirbuterol (Compound) resembles Salbutamol (Compound) and Salbutamol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Pirbuterol (Compound) resembles Bupranolol (Compound) and Bupranolol (Compound) resembles Gemfibrozil (Compound) and Gemfibrozil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Pirbuterol (Compound) resembles Salbutamol (Compound) and Salbutamol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Apalutamide
Pirbuterol (Compound) resembles Terbutaline (Compound) and Terbutaline (Compound) resembles Salbutamol (Compound) and Salbutamol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Pirbuterol (Compound) resembles Salbutamol (Compound) and Salbutamol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Sulfamethoxazole and Sulfamethoxazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Apalutamide
Pirbuterol (Compound) resembles Salbutamol (Compound) and Salbutamol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fluconazole and Fluconazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Pirbuterol (Compound) resembles Nadolol (Compound) and Nadolol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Ticagrelor and Ticagrelor may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Apalutamide
Pirbuterol (Compound) resembles Salbutamol (Compound) and Salbutamol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bisacodyl and Bisacodyl may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Pirbuterol (Compound) resembles Nadolol (Compound) and Nadolol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lidocaine and Lidocaine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Apalutamide
Pirbuterol (Compound) treats asthma (Disease) and asthma (Disease) is treated by Hydrocortisone (Compound) and Hydrocortisone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide