DDInter150 DDInter9
Azathioprine is a prodrug of 6-mercaptopurine, first synthesized in 1956 by Gertrude Elion, William Lange, and George Hitchings in an attempt to produce a derivative of 6-mercaptopurine with a better therapeutic index.[A189678,A189687,A189690] Azathioprine is used to treat inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and as an immunosuppressant in the prevention of renal transplant rejection. Azathiprine was granted FDA approval on 20 March 1968.
To date, acalabrutinib has been used in trials studying the treatment of B-All, myelofibrosis, ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma, and Hodgkin lymphoma, among others. As of October 31, 2017 the FDA approved Astra Zeneca's orally administered Calquence (acalabrutinib, capsules). This Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor indicated for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, small lymphocytic lymphoma, and in adult patients with Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) who have already received at least one prior therapy. In August 2022, the FDA approved a new tablet formulation of Calquence, enabling the co-administration of this drug with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).[L42795,L42800] Unlike Calquence capsules, the co-administration of Calquence tablets and PPIs does not have an effect in the pharmacokinetics of acalabrutinib.[L10241,L42795] Also known as ACP-196, acalabrutinib is also considered a second generation BTK inhibitor because it was rationally designed to be more potent and selective than ibrutinib, theoretically expected to demonstrate fewer adverse effects owing to minimized bystander effects on targets other than BTK. Nevertheless, acalabrutinib was approved under the FDA's accelerated approval pathway, which is based upon overall response rate and faciliates earlier approval of medicines that treat serious conditions or/and that fill an unmet medical need based on a surrogate endpoint. Continued approval for acalabrutinib's currently accepted indication may subsequently be contingent upon ongoing verification and description of clinical benefit in confimatory trials. Furthermore, the FDA granted this medication Priority Review and Breakthrough Therapy designations. It also received Orphan Drug designation, which provides incentives to assist and encourage the development of drugs for rare diseases. At this time, more than 35 clinical trials across 40 countries with more than 2500 patients are underway or have been completed with regards to further research into better understanding and expanding the therapeutic uses of acalabrutinib .
Azathioprine {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) systemic lupus erythematosus
systemic lupus erythematosus {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Leflunomide
Leflunomide {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Dexamethasone
Dexamethasone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis {u} (Disease) is palliated by {v} (Compound) Meloxicam
Meloxicam {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) multiple sclerosis
multiple sclerosis {u} (Disease) is palliated by {v} (Compound) Modafinil
Modafinil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) HPRT1
HPRT1 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ponatinib
Ponatinib {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) TPMT
TPMT {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Topotecan
Topotecan {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) NUCB2
NUCB2 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Dasatinib
Dasatinib {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) ADAT1
ADAT1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Topotecan
Topotecan {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) NUCB2
NUCB2 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Omacetaxine mepesuccinate
Omacetaxine mepesuccinate {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) HERPUD1
HERPUD1 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Fluvoxamine
Fluvoxamine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine (Compound) treats systemic lupus erythematosus (Disease) and systemic lupus erythematosus (Disease) is treated by Leflunomide (Compound) and Leflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine (Compound) treats rheumatoid arthritis (Disease) and rheumatoid arthritis (Disease) is treated by Dexamethasone (Compound) and Dexamethasone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine (Compound) treats rheumatoid arthritis (Disease) and rheumatoid arthritis (Disease) is palliated by Meloxicam (Compound) and Meloxicam may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine (Compound) treats multiple sclerosis (Disease) and multiple sclerosis (Disease) is palliated by Modafinil (Compound) and Modafinil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine (Compound) binds HPRT1 (Gene) and HPRT1 (Gene) is downregulated by Ponatinib (Compound) and Ponatinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine (Compound) binds TPMT (Gene) and TPMT (Gene) is upregulated by Topotecan (Compound) and Topotecan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine (Compound) upregulates NUCB2 (Gene) and NUCB2 (Gene) is upregulated by Dasatinib (Compound) and Dasatinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine (Compound) upregulates ADAT1 (Gene) and ADAT1 (Gene) is upregulated by Topotecan (Compound) and Topotecan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine (Compound) upregulates NUCB2 (Gene) and NUCB2 (Gene) is downregulated by Omacetaxine mepesuccinate (Compound) and Omacetaxine mepesuccinate may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Acalabrutinib
Azathioprine (Compound) upregulates HERPUD1 (Gene) and HERPUD1 (Gene) is downregulated by Fluvoxamine (Compound) and Fluvoxamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Acalabrutinib