DDInter1707 DDInter734
Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. It binds to mineralocorticoid receptors and functions as aldosterone antagonists. It promotes sodium and water excretion and potassium retention. Spironolactone was originally developed purely for this ability before other pharmacodynamic properties of the drug were discovered.[A11837, A178246] It is indicated to treat several conditions, including heart failure, edema, hyperaldosteronism, and hypertension. Off-label uses of spironolactone include hirsutism, female pattern hair loss, and adult acne vulgaris.[A178135, A261025] Spironolactone was developed in 1957, marketed in 1959, and approved by the FDA on January 21, 1960.[A178243, L6187]
Fidaxomicin is a novel macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of diarrhea caused by _Clostridioides_ (formerly _Clostridium_) _difficile_ in adult and pediatric patients over the age of 6 months. Fidaxomicin is a naturally-occurring 18-member macrocycle derived from fermentation. Because fidaxomicin contains an 18-membered lactone ring in its structure, it is referred to as a macrocyclic lactone antibiotic drug. The antibacterial activity of fidaxomicin is distinct from macrolides and rifamycins, as the bactericidal activity is time-dependent, and not concentration-dependent. Fidaxomicin was the first macrocyclic lactone antibiotic with activity against _C. difficile_, and it displays a narrow spectrum of activity against gram-positive anaerobes. It mediates its potent bactericidal action on the bacteria by inhibiting the bacterial RNA synthase, thereby disrupting bacterial transcription. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC<sub>90</sub>) for fidaxomicin is four times less than that of [vancomycin], which was the primary drug of choice for _C. difficile_ infection before the approval of fidaxomicin. Unlike vancomycin, however, fidaxomicin has a negligible effect on normal colonic microflora. The FDA initially approved fidaxomicin in May 2011 for the treatment of _C. difficile_-associated diarrhea in adult patients over the age of 18. Later that year in December, the drug was also approved by the European Medicine Agency. In June 2012, fidaxomicin was also granted approval by Health Canada. The approved indication of fidaxomicin was expanded by the FDA in January 2020 to include pediatric patients over the age of 6 months in the treatment population.
Spironolactone {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Spironolactone {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Gastrointestinal disorder
Gastrointestinal disorder {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Spironolactone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Daunorubicin
Daunorubicin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Spironolactone {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Loperamide
Loperamide {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Spironolactone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Daunorubicin
Daunorubicin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Rash
Rash {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Spironolactone {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Loperamide
Loperamide {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Flatulence
Flatulence {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Spironolactone {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Progesterone
Progesterone {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Spironolactone {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Progesterone
Progesterone {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Flatulence
Flatulence {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Spironolactone {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Testosterone
Testosterone {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Spironolactone {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Testosterone
Testosterone {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Immune system disorder
Immune system disorder {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Spironolactone (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Spironolactone (Compound) causes Gastrointestinal disorder (Side Effect) and Gastrointestinal disorder (Side Effect) is caused by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Spironolactone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Daunorubicin and Daunorubicin (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Spironolactone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Loperamide and Loperamide (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Spironolactone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Daunorubicin and Daunorubicin (Compound) causes Rash (Side Effect) and Rash (Side Effect) is caused by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Spironolactone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Loperamide and Loperamide (Compound) causes Flatulence (Side Effect) and Flatulence (Side Effect) is caused by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Spironolactone (Compound) resembles Progesterone (Compound) and Progesterone (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Spironolactone (Compound) resembles Progesterone (Compound) and Progesterone (Compound) causes Flatulence (Side Effect) and Flatulence (Side Effect) is caused by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Spironolactone (Compound) resembles Testosterone (Compound) and Testosterone (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Spironolactone (Compound) resembles Testosterone (Compound) and Testosterone (Compound) causes Immune system disorder (Side Effect) and Immune system disorder (Side Effect) is caused by Fidaxomicin (Compound)