DDInter776 DDInter915
Formoterol is an inhaled beta<sub>2</sub>-agonist used in the management of COPD and asthma that was first approved for use in the United States in 2001. It acts on bronchial smooth muscle to dilate and relax airways, and is administered as a racemic mixture of its active (R;R)- and inactive (S;S)-enantiomers. A major clinical advantage of formoterol over other inhaled beta-agonists is its rapid onset of action (2-3 minutes), which is at least as fast as [salbutamol], combined with a long duration of action (12 hours) - for this reason, treatment guidelines for asthma recommend its use as both a reliever and maintenance medication. It is available as a single-entity product [L10986,L11223] and in several formulations in combination with both inhaled corticosteroids [L10995,L10619] and long-acting
Indacaterol is a novel, ultra-long-acting, rapid onset β(2)-adrenoceptor agonist developed for Novartis for the once-daily management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) on 30 November 2009 and by the FDA on 1 July 2011. It is marketed in Europe as Onbrez and in America as Arcapta Neohaler. Indacaterol is provided as its maleate salt form. Indacaterol is also a chiral molecule but only the pure R-enantiomer is dispensed.
Formoterol {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) asthma
asthma {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Indacaterol
Formoterol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ADRB1
ADRB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Indacaterol
Formoterol {u} (Compound) is included by {v} (Pharmacologic Class) Adrenergic beta2-Agonists
Adrenergic beta2-Agonists {u} (Pharmacologic Class) includes {v} (Compound) Indacaterol
Formoterol {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Cardiac disorder
Cardiac disorder {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Indacaterol
Formoterol {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) asthma
asthma {u} (Disease) is associated with {v} (Gene) ADRB2
ADRB2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Indacaterol
Formoterol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ADRB2
ADRB2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Procaterol
Procaterol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Indacaterol
Formoterol {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) MIF
MIF {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Procaterol
Procaterol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Indacaterol
Formoterol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ADRB2
ADRB2 {u} (Gene) is associated with {v} (Disease) asthma
asthma {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Indacaterol
Formoterol {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Hydrocortisone
Hydrocortisone {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) asthma
asthma {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Indacaterol
Formoterol {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) MIF
MIF {u} (Gene) is associated with {v} (Disease) asthma
asthma {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Indacaterol
Formoterol (Compound) treats asthma (Disease) and asthma (Disease) is treated by Indacaterol (Compound)
Formoterol (Compound) binds ADRB1 (Gene) and ADRB1 (Gene) is bound by Indacaterol (Compound)
Formoterol (Compound) is included by Adrenergic beta2-Agonists (Pharmacologic Class) and Adrenergic beta2-Agonists (Pharmacologic Class) includes Indacaterol (Compound)
Formoterol (Compound) causes Cardiac disorder (Side Effect) and Cardiac disorder (Side Effect) is caused by Indacaterol (Compound)
Formoterol (Compound) treats asthma (Disease) and asthma (Disease) is associated with ADRB2 (Gene) and ADRB2 (Gene) is bound by Indacaterol (Compound)
Formoterol (Compound) binds ADRB2 (Gene) and ADRB2 (Gene) is bound by Procaterol (Compound) and Procaterol (Compound) resembles Indacaterol (Compound)
Formoterol (Compound) downregulates MIF (Gene) and MIF (Gene) is downregulated by Procaterol (Compound) and Procaterol (Compound) resembles Indacaterol (Compound)
Formoterol (Compound) binds ADRB2 (Gene) and ADRB2 (Gene) is associated with asthma (Disease) and asthma (Disease) is treated by Indacaterol (Compound)
Formoterol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Hydrocortisone and Hydrocortisone (Compound) treats asthma (Disease) and asthma (Disease) is treated by Indacaterol (Compound)
Formoterol (Compound) downregulates MIF (Gene) and MIF (Gene) is associated with asthma (Disease) and asthma (Disease) is treated by Indacaterol (Compound)