DDInter1236 DDInter596
Modafinil is a stimulant drug marketed as a 'wakefulness promoting agent' and is one of the stimulants used in the treatment of narcolepsy. Narcolepsy is caused by dysfunction of a family of wakefulness-promoting and sleep-suppressing peptides, the orexins, whose neurons are activated by modafinil. The prexin neuron activation is associated with psychoactivation and euphoria. The exact mechanism of action is unclear, although in vitro studies have shown it to inhibit the reuptake of dopamine by binding to the dopamine reuptake pump, and lead to an increase in extracellular dopamine. Modafinil activates glutamatergic circuits while inhibiting GABA.
Doxorubicin is a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius along side with daunorubicin, another cytotoxic agent, in 1970.[A1575,A257709,A257614] Although they both have aglyconic and sugar moieties, doxorubicin's side chain terminates with a primary alcohol group compared to the methyl group of daunorubicin. Although its detailed molecular mechanisms have yet to be understood, doxorubicin is generally thought to exert its effect through DNA intercalation, which eventually leads to DNA damage and the generation of reactive oxygen species. Thanks to its efficacy and broad effect, doxorubicin was approved by the FDA in 1974 to treat a variety of cancer, including but not limited to breast, lung, gastric, ovarian, thyroid, non-Hodgkin’s and Hodgkin’s lymphoma, multiple myeloma, sarcoma, and pediatric cancers.[A1573,A257614,L45231] However, one of the major side effects of doxorubicin is cardiotoxicity, which excludes patients with poor heart function and requires treatment termination once the maximally tolerated cumulative dose is reached.
Modafinil {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2B6
CYP2B6 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Modafinil {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) IL13RA1
IL13RA1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Modafinil {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Urine abnormality
Urine abnormality {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Modafinil {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2B6
CYP2B6 {u} (Gene) covaries with {v} (Gene) ACADS
ACADS {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Modafinil {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Daunorubicin
Daunorubicin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Modafinil {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) IL13RA1
IL13RA1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Daunorubicin
Daunorubicin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Modafinil {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Urine abnormality
Urine abnormality {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Epirubicin
Epirubicin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Modafinil {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Fentanyl
Fentanyl {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Modafinil {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is associated with {v} (Disease) prostate cancer
prostate cancer {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Modafinil {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Alverine
Alverine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) RRS1
RRS1 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Modafinil (Compound) binds CYP2B6 (Gene) and CYP2B6 (Gene) is bound by Doxorubicin (Compound)
Modafinil (Compound) upregulates IL13RA1 (Gene) and IL13RA1 (Gene) is upregulated by Doxorubicin (Compound)
Modafinil (Compound) causes Urine abnormality (Side Effect) and Urine abnormality (Side Effect) is caused by Doxorubicin (Compound)
Modafinil (Compound) binds CYP2B6 (Gene) and CYP2B6 (Gene) covaries with ACADS (Gene) and ACADS (Gene) is upregulated by Doxorubicin (Compound)
Modafinil (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Daunorubicin (Compound) and Daunorubicin (Compound) resembles Doxorubicin (Compound)
Modafinil (Compound) upregulates IL13RA1 (Gene) and IL13RA1 (Gene) is upregulated by Daunorubicin (Compound) and Daunorubicin (Compound) resembles Doxorubicin (Compound)
Modafinil (Compound) causes Urine abnormality (Side Effect) and Urine abnormality (Side Effect) is caused by Epirubicin (Compound) and Epirubicin (Compound) resembles Doxorubicin (Compound)
Modafinil (Compound) resembles Fentanyl (Compound) and Fentanyl (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Doxorubicin (Compound)
Modafinil (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is associated with prostate cancer (Disease) and prostate cancer (Disease) is treated by Doxorubicin (Compound)
Modafinil (Compound) resembles Alverine (Compound) and Alverine (Compound) upregulates RRS1 (Gene) and RRS1 (Gene) is downregulated by Doxorubicin (Compound)