DDInter1853 DDInter1640
Tretinoin, also known as all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), is a naturally occurring derivative of [vitamin A] (retinol). It is an oxidation product in the physiological pathway of vitamin A metabolism. In human circulation, tretinoin is normally found at very low concentrations, approximately 4 to 14 nmol/L. Tretinoin exhibits anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, antioxidant, and free radical-scavenging activities. It has been used in dermatology for many years to treat various skin conditions ranging from acne to wrinkles [A257474,A258185] and activates nuclear receptors to regulate epithelial cell growth and differentiation.[A257474,A257629,A257609] Tretinoin is given orally to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia and topically to treat skin conditions such as acne.[L45389,L34869,L45384]
Saquinavir is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor used in combination with [ritonavir] and other antiretrovirals for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection. In 1995 it became the first protease inhibitor approved by the FDA, followed shortly by ritonavir in 1996, and remains in clinical use today due to a relatively benign adverse effect profile as compared to other antiretroviral therapies. While its efficacy was initially limited by exceptionally poor oral bioavailability (approximately 4%), its current indications require the co-administration of ritonavir - a potent enzyme inhibitor - that increases the bioavailability and subsequent serum concentrations of saquinavir, thus dramatically improving antiviral activity.[A214382,L3450,L14351]
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A7-CYP3A51P
CYP3A7-CYP3A51P {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) COL11A1
COL11A1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Renal failure acute
Renal failure acute {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A7-CYP3A51P
CYP3A7-CYP3A51P {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Nelfinavir
Nelfinavir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Lopinavir
Lopinavir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C8
CYP2C8 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Metronidazole
Metronidazole {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Saquinavir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) COL11A1
COL11A1 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Renal failure acute
Renal failure acute {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Indinavir
Indinavir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Dry eye
Dry eye {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Sibutramine
Sibutramine {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Saquinavir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Visual disturbance
Visual disturbance {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Esomeprazole
Esomeprazole {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Saquinavir
Tretinoin (Compound) binds CYP3A7-CYP3A51P (Gene) and CYP3A7-CYP3A51P (Gene) is bound by Saquinavir (Compound)
Tretinoin (Compound) upregulates COL11A1 (Gene) and COL11A1 (Gene) is upregulated by Saquinavir (Compound)
Tretinoin (Compound) causes Renal failure acute (Side Effect) and Renal failure acute (Side Effect) is caused by Saquinavir (Compound)
Tretinoin (Compound) binds CYP3A7-CYP3A51P (Gene) and CYP3A7-CYP3A51P (Gene) is bound by Nelfinavir (Compound) and Nelfinavir (Compound) resembles Saquinavir (Compound)
Tretinoin (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Lopinavir (Compound) and Lopinavir (Compound) resembles Saquinavir (Compound)
Tretinoin (Compound) binds CYP2C8 (Gene) and CYP2C8 (Gene) is bound by Metronidazole (Compound) and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Saquinavir
Tretinoin (Compound) upregulates COL11A1 (Gene) and COL11A1 (Gene) is regulated by ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Saquinavir (Compound)
Tretinoin (Compound) causes Renal failure acute (Side Effect) and Renal failure acute (Side Effect) is caused by Indinavir (Compound) and Indinavir (Compound) resembles Saquinavir (Compound)
Tretinoin (Compound) causes Dry eye (Side Effect) and Dry eye (Side Effect) is caused by Sibutramine (Compound) and Sibutramine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Saquinavir
Tretinoin (Compound) causes Visual disturbance (Side Effect) and Visual disturbance (Side Effect) is caused by Esomeprazole (Compound) and Esomeprazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Saquinavir