DDInter1055 DDInter1640
Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic and the optical S-(-) isomer of racemic [ofloxacin]. It reportedly carries 8 to 128-fold more activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria compared to R-(+)-ofloxacin and remains stereochemically stable following administration (i.e. it does not invert to the inactive isomer). Levofloxacin, along with other quinolones such as [gatifloxacin] and [moxifloxacin], is a member of the third generation of fluoroquinolones, colloquially referred to as the "respiratory quinolones" due to improved activity against gram-positive bacteria commonly implicated in respiratory infections.[A31453,A190756] Levofloxacin was first approved by the FDA in 1996, and was approved in Canada and several South American countries soon after.
Saquinavir is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor used in combination with [ritonavir] and other antiretrovirals for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection. In 1995 it became the first protease inhibitor approved by the FDA, followed shortly by ritonavir in 1996, and remains in clinical use today due to a relatively benign adverse effect profile as compared to other antiretroviral therapies. While its efficacy was initially limited by exceptionally poor oral bioavailability (approximately 4%), its current indications require the co-administration of ritonavir - a potent enzyme inhibitor - that increases the bioavailability and subsequent serum concentrations of saquinavir, thus dramatically improving antiviral activity.[A214382,L3450,L14351]
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Renal failure acute
Renal failure acute {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Lopinavir
Lopinavir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Renal failure acute
Renal failure acute {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Indinavir
Indinavir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Dry eye
Dry eye {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Sibutramine
Sibutramine {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Saquinavir
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Visual disturbance
Visual disturbance {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Esomeprazole
Esomeprazole {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Saquinavir
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Acute renal insufficiency
Acute renal insufficiency {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Dabrafenib
Dabrafenib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Saquinavir
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Partial hearing loss
Partial hearing loss {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Quinine
Quinine {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Saquinavir
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Enoxacin
Enoxacin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) UBQLN2
UBQLN2 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Nelfinavir
Nelfinavir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Saquinavir
Levofloxacin (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Saquinavir (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Renal failure acute (Side Effect) and Renal failure acute (Side Effect) is caused by Saquinavir (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Lopinavir (Compound) and Lopinavir (Compound) resembles Saquinavir (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Renal failure acute (Side Effect) and Renal failure acute (Side Effect) is caused by Indinavir (Compound) and Indinavir (Compound) resembles Saquinavir (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Dry eye (Side Effect) and Dry eye (Side Effect) is caused by Sibutramine (Compound) and Sibutramine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Saquinavir
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Visual disturbance (Side Effect) and Visual disturbance (Side Effect) is caused by Esomeprazole (Compound) and Esomeprazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Saquinavir
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Acute renal insufficiency (Side Effect) and Acute renal insufficiency (Side Effect) is caused by Dabrafenib (Compound) and Dabrafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Saquinavir
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Partial hearing loss (Side Effect) and Partial hearing loss (Side Effect) is caused by Quinine (Compound) and Quinine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Saquinavir
Levofloxacin (Compound) resembles Enoxacin (Compound) and Enoxacin (Compound) upregulates UBQLN2 (Gene) and UBQLN2 (Gene) is upregulated by Saquinavir (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Nelfinavir (Compound) and Nelfinavir (Compound) resembles Saquinavir (Compound)