DDInter1008 DDInter1313
Ketoconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent used in the prevention and treatment of a variety of fungal infections.[FDA Label] It functions by preventing the synthesis of ergosterol, the fungal equivalent of cholesterol, thereby increasing membrane fluidity and preventing growth of the fungus.[A181802,T116] Ketoconazole was first approved in an oral formulation for systemic use by the FDA in 1981. At this time it was considered a significant improvement over previous antifungals, [miconazole] and [clotrimazole], due to its broad spectrum and good absorption. However, it was discovered that ketoconazole produces frequent gastrointestinal side effects and dose-related hepatitis.[A188054,A188057] These effects combined with waning efficacy led to its eventual replacement by triazole agents, [fluconazole], [itraconazole], [voriconazole], and [posaconazole]. Ketoconazole and its predecessor [clotrimazole] continue
A synthetic fluoroquinolone (fluoroquinolones) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase.
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP1A1
CYP1A1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Norfloxacin
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Paraesthesia
Paraesthesia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Norfloxacin
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP1A1
CYP1A1 {u} (Gene) regulates {v} (Gene) ST7
ST7 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Norfloxacin
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP1A2
CYP1A2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Pefloxacin
Pefloxacin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Norfloxacin
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Levofloxacin
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Norfloxacin
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2A6
CYP2A6 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Cyclophosphamide
Cyclophosphamide {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Norfloxacin
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Paraesthesia
Paraesthesia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Nalidixic acid
Nalidixic acid {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Norfloxacin
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Dyspepsia
Dyspepsia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Gemifloxacin
Gemifloxacin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Norfloxacin
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Itraconazole
Itraconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A7
CYP3A7 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Norfloxacin
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP1A1
CYP1A1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Theophylline
Theophylline {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Norfloxacin
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP1A1 (Gene) and CYP1A1 (Gene) is bound by Norfloxacin (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Paraesthesia (Side Effect) and Paraesthesia (Side Effect) is caused by Norfloxacin (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP1A1 (Gene) and CYP1A1 (Gene) regulates ST7 (Gene) and ST7 (Gene) is upregulated by Norfloxacin (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP1A2 (Gene) and CYP1A2 (Gene) is bound by Pefloxacin (Compound) and Pefloxacin (Compound) resembles Norfloxacin (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Levofloxacin (Compound) and Levofloxacin (Compound) resembles Norfloxacin (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP2A6 (Gene) and CYP2A6 (Gene) is bound by Cyclophosphamide (Compound) and Cyclophosphamide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Norfloxacin
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Paraesthesia (Side Effect) and Paraesthesia (Side Effect) is caused by Nalidixic acid (Compound) and Nalidixic acid (Compound) resembles Norfloxacin (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Dyspepsia (Side Effect) and Dyspepsia (Side Effect) is caused by Gemifloxacin (Compound) and Gemifloxacin (Compound) resembles Norfloxacin (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Itraconazole (Compound) and Itraconazole (Compound) binds CYP3A7 (Gene) and CYP3A7 (Gene) is bound by Norfloxacin (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP1A1 (Gene) and CYP1A1 (Gene) is bound by Theophylline (Compound) and Theophylline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Norfloxacin