DDInter1008 DDInter899
Ketoconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent used in the prevention and treatment of a variety of fungal infections.[FDA Label] It functions by preventing the synthesis of ergosterol, the fungal equivalent of cholesterol, thereby increasing membrane fluidity and preventing growth of the fungus.[A181802,T116] Ketoconazole was first approved in an oral formulation for systemic use by the FDA in 1981. At this time it was considered a significant improvement over previous antifungals, [miconazole] and [clotrimazole], due to its broad spectrum and good absorption. However, it was discovered that ketoconazole produces frequent gastrointestinal side effects and dose-related hepatitis.[A188054,A188057] These effects combined with waning efficacy led to its eventual replacement by triazole agents, [fluconazole], [itraconazole], [voriconazole], and [posaconazole]. Ketoconazole and its predecessor [clotrimazole] continue
Ibrutinib is a small molecule that acts as an irreversible potent inhibitor of Burton's tyrosine kinase. It is designated as a targeted covalent drug and presented as a promising activity in B-cell malignancies in clinical trials. Ibrutinib was developed by Pharmacyclics Inc and was first approved by the FDA in November 2013 for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) under accelerated approval; however, in April 2023, the drug manufacturer withdrew the accelerated approvals for ibrutinib in the US. Ibrutinib was approved by the EMA in October 2014 and by Health Canada in November 2014. It is currently approved for the treatment of various conditions, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia, and chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) in August 2017. Notably, ibrutinib became the first FDA-approved cGVHD treatment for children in August 2017.
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Itraconazole
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Posaconazole
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) FDFT1
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) is included by {v} (Pharmacologic Class) Cytochrome P450 3A5 Inhibitors
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) PPP2R3C
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Hypersensitivity
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) and {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) CYP51A1
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Itraconazole (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Posaconazole (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene)
Ketoconazole (Compound) upregulates FDFT1 (Gene)
Ketoconazole (Compound) is included by Cytochrome P450 3A5 Inhibitors (Pharmacologic Class)
Ketoconazole (Compound) downregulates PPP2R3C (Gene)
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Hypersensitivity (Side Effect)
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP51A1 (Gene) and Ketoconazole (Compound) upregulates CYP51A1 (Gene)