DDInter458 DDInter1330
Cyclosporine is a calcineurin inhibitor known for its immunomodulatory properties that prevent organ transplant rejection and treat various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. It is isolated from the fungus _Beauveria nivea_. Initially manufactured by Sandoz and approved for use by the FDA in 1983, cyclosporine is now available in various products by Novartis (previously known as Sandoz).[L11097,L3734,L11118]
Olmesartan belongs to the angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) family of drugs, which also includes [telmisartan], [candesartan], [losartan], [valsartan], and [irbesartan]. ARBs selectively bind to angiotensin receptor 1 (AT1) and prevent the protein angiotensin II from binding and exerting its hypertensive effects, which include vasoconstriction, stimulation and synthesis of aldosterone and ADH, cardiac stimulation, and renal reabsorption of sodium, among others. Overall, olmesartan's physiologic effects lead to reduced blood pressure, lower aldosterone levels, reduced cardiac activity, and increased excretion of sodium. Olmesartan also affects the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), which plays an important role in hemostasis and regulation of kidney, vascular, and cardiac functions. Pharmacological blockade of RAAS via AT1 receptor blockade inhibits negative regulatory feedback within RAAS, which is a contributing factor to the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and renal disease. In particular, heart failure is associated with chronic activation of RAAS, leading to inappropriate fluid retention, vasoconstriction, and ultimately a further decline in left ventricular function. ARBs have been shown to have a protective effect on the heart by improving cardiac function, reducing afterload, increasing cardiac output and preventing ventricular hypertrophy and remodelling. By comparison, the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) class of medications (which includes drugs such as [ramipril], [lisinopril], and [perindopril]) inhibit the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II through inhibition of the ACE enzyme. However, this does not prevent the formation of all angiotensin II within the body. The angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) family of drugs unique in that it blocks all angiotensin II activity, regardless of where or how it was synthesized. Olmesartan is commonly used for the management of hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes-associated nephropathy, particularly in patients who are unable to tolerate ACE inhibitors. ARBs such as olmesartan have been shown in a number of large-scale clinical outcomes trials to improve cardiovascular outcomes including reducing risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, the progression of heart failure, and hospitalization.[A174124,A178153,A173869,A185324,A185327,A185333,A185342,A185345] Like other ARBs, olmesartan blockade of RAAS slows the progression of diabetic nephropathy due to its renoprotective effects.[A185906,A185909,A185912] Orally available olmesartan is produced as the prodrug olmesartan medoxomil which is rapidly converted _in vivo_ to the pharmacologically active olmesartan. It was developed by Daiichi Sankyo Pharmaceuticals and approved in 2002.[A175345, L12882]
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) SLCO1B1
SLCO1B1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Olmesartan
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Arthralgia
Arthralgia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Olmesartan
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) SLCO1B1
SLCO1B1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Losartan
Losartan {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Olmesartan
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCC2
ABCC2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Telmisartan
Telmisartan {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Olmesartan
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Arthralgia
Arthralgia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Candesartan
Candesartan {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Olmesartan
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Lethargy
Lethargy {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Prednisone
Prednisone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Olmesartan
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Eczema
Eczema {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Telmisartan
Telmisartan {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Olmesartan
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCC2
ABCC2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Canagliflozin
Canagliflozin {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Olmesartan
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) NUP85
NUP85 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Candesartan
Candesartan {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Olmesartan
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) NUP85
NUP85 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Sirolimus
Sirolimus {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Olmesartan
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds SLCO1B1 (Gene) and SLCO1B1 (Gene) is bound by Olmesartan (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) causes Arthralgia (Side Effect) and Arthralgia (Side Effect) is caused by Olmesartan (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds SLCO1B1 (Gene) and SLCO1B1 (Gene) is bound by Losartan (Compound) and Losartan (Compound) resembles Olmesartan (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds ABCC2 (Gene) and ABCC2 (Gene) is bound by Telmisartan (Compound) and Telmisartan (Compound) resembles Olmesartan (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) causes Arthralgia (Side Effect) and Arthralgia (Side Effect) is caused by Candesartan (Compound) and Candesartan (Compound) resembles Olmesartan (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) causes Lethargy (Side Effect) and Lethargy (Side Effect) is caused by Prednisone (Compound) and Prednisone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Olmesartan
Cyclosporine (Compound) causes Eczema (Side Effect) and Eczema (Side Effect) is caused by Telmisartan (Compound) and Telmisartan (Compound) resembles Olmesartan (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds ABCC2 (Gene) and ABCC2 (Gene) is bound by Canagliflozin (Compound) and Canagliflozin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Olmesartan
Cyclosporine (Compound) downregulates NUP85 (Gene) and NUP85 (Gene) is downregulated by Candesartan (Compound) and Candesartan (Compound) resembles Olmesartan (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) downregulates NUP85 (Gene) and NUP85 (Gene) is downregulated by Sirolimus (Compound) and Sirolimus may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Olmesartan