DDInter130 DDInter601
Atenolol is a cardioselective beta-blocker used in a variety of cardiovascular conditions. Sir James Black, a Scottish pharmacologist, pioneered the use of beta-blockers for the management of angina pectoris in 1958 for which he received the Nobel Prize. Beta-blockers quickly became popular in clinical use and where subsequently investigated for use in myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, and hypertension during the 1960s. Later they continued to be investigated for use in heart failure throughout the 1970-1980s. Atenolol itself was developed early on in this history by Alvogen Malta under the trade name Tenormin and received FDA approval in September, 1981.[label] Despite being one of the most widely prescribed beta blockers, evidence suggests atenolol may not significantly reduce mortality, and only modestly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with hypertension.[A235850,A235855] A Cochrane review
Dronabinol (marketed as Marinol) is a synthetic form of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁹-THC), the primary psychoactive component of cannabis (marijuana). THC demonstrates its effects through weak partial agonist activity at Cannabinoid-1 (CB1R) and Cannabinoid-2 (CB2R) receptors, which results in the well-known effects of smoking cannabis such as increased appetite, reduced pain, and changes in emotional and cognitive processes. Due to its evidence as an appetite stimulant and an anti-nauseant, Dronabinol is approved for use in anorexia associated with weight loss in patients with AIDS and for the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy in patients who have failed to respond adequately to conventional antiemetic treatments [FDA Label]. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are the two most abundant cannabinoids found naturally in the resin of the marijuana plant, both of which are pharmacologically active due to their interaction with cannabinoid receptors that are found throughout the body . While both CBD and THC are used for medicinal purposes, they have different receptor activity, function, and physiological effects. If not provided in their activated form (such as through synthetic forms like Dronabinol or ), THC and CBD are obtained through conversion from their precursors, tetrahydrocannabinolic acid-A (THCA-A) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), through decarboxylation reactions. This can be achieved through heating, smoking, vaporization, or baking of dried unfertilized female cannabis flowers. From a pharmacological perspective, Cannabis' diverse receptor profile explains its potential application for such a wide variety of medical conditions. Cannabis contains more than 400 different chemical compounds, of which 61 are considered cannabinoids, a class of compounds that act upon endogenous cannabinoid receptors of the body . The endocannabinoid system is widely distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system (via the Cannabinoid Receptors CB1 and CB2) and plays a role in many physiological processes such as inflammation, cardiovascular function, learning, pain, memory, stress and emotional regulation, and the sleep/wake cycle among many others . CB1 receptors are found in both the central and peripheral nervous system, and are most abundant in the hippocampus and amygdala, which are the areas of the brain responsible for short-term memory storage and emotional regulation. CB2 receptors are mainly located in the peripheral nervous system and can be found on lymphoid tissue where they are involved in regulation of immune function .
Atenolol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Dronabinol
Atenolol {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Malaise
Malaise {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Dronabinol
Atenolol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Acebutolol
Acebutolol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Dronabinol
Atenolol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Pindolol
Pindolol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Dronabinol
Atenolol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Metoprolol
Metoprolol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Dronabinol
Atenolol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Nifedipine
Nifedipine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Dronabinol
Atenolol {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Malaise
Malaise {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Nabilone
Nabilone {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Dronabinol
Atenolol {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Amnesia
Amnesia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Delavirdine
Delavirdine {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Dronabinol
Atenolol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Acebutolol
Acebutolol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Nabilone
Nabilone {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Dronabinol
Atenolol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Pindolol
Pindolol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Nabilone
Nabilone {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Dronabinol
Atenolol (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Dronabinol (Compound)
Atenolol (Compound) causes Malaise (Side Effect) and Malaise (Side Effect) is caused by Dronabinol (Compound)
Atenolol (Compound) resembles Acebutolol (Compound) and Acebutolol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dronabinol
Atenolol (Compound) resembles Pindolol (Compound) and Pindolol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dronabinol
Atenolol (Compound) resembles Metoprolol (Compound) and Metoprolol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dronabinol
Atenolol (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Nifedipine (Compound) and Nifedipine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dronabinol
Atenolol (Compound) causes Malaise (Side Effect) and Malaise (Side Effect) is caused by Nabilone (Compound) and Nabilone (Compound) resembles Dronabinol (Compound)
Atenolol (Compound) causes Amnesia (Side Effect) and Amnesia (Side Effect) is caused by Delavirdine (Compound) and Delavirdine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Dronabinol
Atenolol (Compound) resembles Acebutolol (Compound) and Acebutolol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nabilone and Nabilone (Compound) resembles Dronabinol (Compound)
Atenolol (Compound) resembles Pindolol (Compound) and Pindolol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nabilone and Nabilone (Compound) resembles Dronabinol (Compound)