DDInter1666 DDInter1344
In eliciting its mechanism of action, sildenafil ultimately prevents or minimizes the breakdown of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) by inhibiting cGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) [F3850, F3853, F3856, F3859, F3883, F3886, L5611, L5614]. The result of doing so allows cGMP present in both the penis and pulmonary vasculature to elicit smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation that subsequently facilitates relief in pulmonary arterial hypertension and the increased flow of blood into the spongy erectile tissue of the penis that consequently allows it to grow in size and become erect and rigid [F3850, F3853, F3856, F3859, F3883, F3886, L5611, L5614]. Interestingly enough, it is precisely via this mechanism why sildenafil was at first researched as a potential treatment
Opium is the first substance of the diverse group of the opiates. It has been known for a long time, and the first evidence of a poppy culture dates from 5 thousand years by the Sumerians. During the years, opium was used as a sedative and hypnotic, but it was determined to be addictive. Opium is extracted from _Papaver somniferum_, which is more known as poppies. This plant is an integrant of the Papaveraceae family, and it is characterized by solitary leaves and capsulated fruits. Therefore, opium is a sticky brown resin obtained by collecting and drying the latex that exudes from the poppy pods. Once extracted, opium contains two main groups of alkaloids; the psychoactive constituents which are in the category of phenanthrenes and alkaloids that have no central nervous system effect in the category of isoquinolines. Morphine is the most prevalent and principal alkaloid in opium, and it is responsible for most of the harmful effects of opium. Opium has gradually been superseded by a variety of synthetic opioids and general anesthetics. Some of the isolated derivatives of opium are morphine, noscapine, strychnine, veratrine, colchicine, codeine, and quinine. Opium is a prohibited drug of abuse in most countries, but the illegal production of this drug and its derivatives keeps being registered. There is some legal production of opium in different countries for the obtention of alkaloids by extraction.
Sildenafil {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C9
CYP2C9 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Felodipine
Felodipine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Opium
Sildenafil {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Sexual dysfunction
Sexual dysfunction {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Felodipine
Felodipine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Opium
Sildenafil {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Contusion
Contusion {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Tramadol
Tramadol {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Opium
Sildenafil {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A7-CYP3A51P
CYP3A7-CYP3A51P {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Phenelzine
Phenelzine {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Opium
Sildenafil {u} (Compound) palliates {v} (Disease) multiple sclerosis
multiple sclerosis {u} (Disease) is palliated by {v} (Compound) Zolpidem
Zolpidem {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Opium
Sildenafil {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Vardenafil
Vardenafil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Thalidomide
Thalidomide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Opium
Sildenafil {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Vardenafil
Vardenafil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Minoxidil
Minoxidil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Opium
Sildenafil {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCC5
ABCC5 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Phensuximide
Phensuximide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Opium
Sildenafil {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Vardenafil
Vardenafil {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Amyl Nitrite
Amyl Nitrite {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Opium
Sildenafil {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) LPL
LPL {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Thalidomide
Thalidomide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Opium
Sildenafil (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Felodipine (Compound) and Felodipine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Opium
Sildenafil (Compound) causes Sexual dysfunction (Side Effect) and Sexual dysfunction (Side Effect) is caused by Felodipine (Compound) and Felodipine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Opium
Sildenafil (Compound) causes Contusion (Side Effect) and Contusion (Side Effect) is caused by Tramadol (Compound) and Tramadol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Opium
Sildenafil (Compound) binds CYP3A7-CYP3A51P (Gene) and CYP3A7-CYP3A51P (Gene) is bound by Phenelzine (Compound) and Phenelzine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Opium
Sildenafil (Compound) palliates multiple sclerosis (Disease) and multiple sclerosis (Disease) is palliated by Zolpidem (Compound) and Zolpidem may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Opium
Sildenafil (Compound) resembles Vardenafil (Compound) and Vardenafil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Thalidomide and Thalidomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Opium
Sildenafil (Compound) resembles Vardenafil (Compound) and Vardenafil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Minoxidil and Minoxidil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Opium
Sildenafil (Compound) binds ABCC5 (Gene) and ABCC5 (Gene) is upregulated by Phensuximide (Compound) and Phensuximide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Opium
Sildenafil (Compound) resembles Vardenafil (Compound) and Vardenafil may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Amyl Nitrite and Amyl Nitrite may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Opium
Sildenafil (Compound) upregulates LPL (Gene) and LPL (Gene) is upregulated by Thalidomide (Compound) and Thalidomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Opium