DDInter596 DDInter1033
Doxorubicin is a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius along side with daunorubicin, another cytotoxic agent, in 1970.[A1575,A257709,A257614] Although they both have aglyconic and sugar moieties, doxorubicin's side chain terminates with a primary alcohol group compared to the methyl group of daunorubicin. Although its detailed molecular mechanisms have yet to be understood, doxorubicin is generally thought to exert its effect through DNA intercalation, which eventually leads to DNA damage and the generation of reactive oxygen species. Thanks to its efficacy and broad effect, doxorubicin was approved by the FDA in 1974 to treat a variety of cancer, including but not limited to breast, lung, gastric, ovarian, thyroid, non-Hodgkin’s and Hodgkin’s lymphoma, multiple myel
Leflunomide is a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor belonging to the DMARD (disease-modifying antirheumatic drug) class of drugs, which are chemically and pharmacologically very heterogeneous. Leflunomide was approved by FDA and in many other countries (e.g., Canada, Europe) in 1999.
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) PTK2B
PTK2B {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Leflunomide
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCG2
ABCG2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Leflunomide
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) WIF1
WIF1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Leflunomide
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) MTHFD2
MTHFD2 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Leflunomide
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Skin nodule
Skin nodule {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Leflunomide
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Daunorubicin
Daunorubicin {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Leflunomide
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Idarubicin
Idarubicin {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Leflunomide
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) PTK2B
PTK2B {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) AHR
AHR {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Leflunomide
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCG2
ABCG2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Mycophenolate mofetil
Mycophenolate mofetil {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Leflunomide
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) WIF1
WIF1 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) MTHFD2
MTHFD2 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Leflunomide
Doxorubicin (Compound) upregulates PTK2B (Gene) and PTK2B (Gene) is bound by Leflunomide (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) binds ABCG2 (Gene) and ABCG2 (Gene) is bound by Leflunomide (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) upregulates WIF1 (Gene) and WIF1 (Gene) is upregulated by Leflunomide (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) downregulates MTHFD2 (Gene) and MTHFD2 (Gene) is downregulated by Leflunomide (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) causes Skin nodule (Side Effect) and Skin nodule (Side Effect) is caused by Leflunomide (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) resembles Daunorubicin (Compound) and Daunorubicin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Leflunomide
Doxorubicin (Compound) resembles Idarubicin (Compound) and Idarubicin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Leflunomide
Doxorubicin (Compound) upregulates PTK2B (Gene) and PTK2B (Gene) is regulated by AHR (Gene) and AHR (Gene) is bound by Leflunomide (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) binds ABCG2 (Gene) and ABCG2 (Gene) is bound by Mycophenolate mofetil (Compound) and Mycophenolate mofetil may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Leflunomide
Doxorubicin (Compound) upregulates WIF1 (Gene) and WIF1 (Gene) is regulated by MTHFD2 (Gene) and MTHFD2 (Gene) is downregulated by Leflunomide (Compound)