DDInter458 DDInter734
Cyclosporine is a calcineurin inhibitor known for its immunomodulatory properties that prevent organ transplant rejection and treat various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. It is isolated from the fungus _Beauveria nivea_. Initially manufactured by Sandoz and approved for use by the FDA in 1983, cyclosporine is now available in various products by Novartis (previously known as Sandoz).[L11097,L3734,L11118]
Fidaxomicin is a novel macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of diarrhea caused by _Clostridioides_ (formerly _Clostridium_) _difficile_ in adult and pediatric patients over the age of 6 months. Fidaxomicin is a naturally-occurring 18-member macrocycle derived from fermentation. Because fidaxomicin contains an 18-membered lactone ring in its structure, it is referred to as a macrocyclic lactone antibiotic drug. The antibacterial activity of fidaxomicin is distinct from macrolides and rifamycins, as the bactericidal activity is time-dependent, and not concentration-dependent. Fidaxomicin was the first macrocyclic lactone antibiotic with activity against _C. difficile_, and it displays a narrow spectrum of activity against gram-positive anaerobes. It mediates its potent bactericidal action on the bacteria by inhibiting the bacterial RNA synthase, thereby disrupting bacterial transcription. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC<sub>90</sub>) for fidaxomicin is four times less than that of [vancomycin], which was the primary drug of choice for _C. difficile_ infection before the approval of fidaxomicin. Unlike vancomycin, however, fidaxomicin has a negligible effect on normal colonic microflora. The FDA initially approved fidaxomicin in May 2011 for the treatment of _C. difficile_-associated diarrhea in adult patients over the age of 18. Later that year in December, the drug was also approved by the European Medicine Agency. In June 2012, fidaxomicin was also granted approval by Health Canada. The approved indication of fidaxomicin was expanded by the FDA in January 2020 to include pediatric patients over the age of 6 months in the treatment population.
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Flatulence
Flatulence {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) HAX1
HAX1 {u} (Gene) interacts with {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) CSK
CSK {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) MLEC
MLEC {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) SPR
SPR {u} (Gene) regulates {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fidaxomicin
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) causes Flatulence (Side Effect) and Flatulence (Side Effect) is caused by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) upregulates HAX1 (Gene) and HAX1 (Gene) interacts with ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) downregulates CSK (Gene) and CSK (Gene) is regulated by ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) upregulates MLEC (Gene) and MLEC (Gene) is regulated by ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Fidaxomicin (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) downregulates SPR (Gene) and SPR (Gene) regulates ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Fidaxomicin (Compound)