DDInter690 DDInter133
A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in alcoholic beverages.
Atorvastatin (Lipitor®), is a lipid-lowering drug included in the statin class of medications. By inhibiting the endogenous production of cholesterol in the liver, statins lower abnormal cholesterol and lipid levels, and ultimately reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. More specifically, statin medications competitively inhibit the enzyme hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) Reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid. This conversion is a critical metabolic reaction involved in the production of several compounds involved in lipid metabolism and transport, including cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (sometimes referred to as "bad cholesterol"), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Prescribing statins is considered standard practice for patients following any cardiovascular event, and for people who are at moderate to high risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The evidence supporting statin use, coupled with minimal side effects and long term benefits, has resulted in wide use of this medication in North America.[A181087, A181406] Atorvastatin and other statins including [lovastatin], [pravastatin], [rosuvastatin], [fluvastatin], and [simvastatin] are considered first-line treatment options for dyslipidemia.[A181087, A181406] The increasing use of this class of drugs is largely attributed to the rise in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (such as heart attack, atherosclerosis, angina, peripheral artery disease, and stroke) in many countries. An elevated cholesterol level (elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in particular) is a significant risk factor for the development of CVD.[A181087,A181553] Several landmark studies demonstrate that the use of statins is associated with both a reduction in LDL levels and CVD risk.[A181090,A181093,A181096,A181427,A181475,A181538] Statins were shown to reduce the incidences of all-cause mortality, including fatal and non-fatal CVD, as well as the need for surgical revascularization or angioplasty following a heart attack.[A181087, A181406] Some evidence has shown that even for low-risk individuals (with <10% risk of a major vascular event occurring within five years) statin use leads to a 20%-22% relative reduction in the number of major cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke, coronary revascularization, and coronary death) for every 1 mmol/L reduction in LDL without any significant side effects or risks.[A181397, A181403] Atorvastatin was first synthesized in 1985 by Dr. Bruce Roth and approved by the FDA in 1996. It is a pentasubstituted pyrrole formed by two contrasting moieties with an achiral heterocyclic core unit and a 3,5-dihydroxypentanoyl side chain identical to its parent compound. Unlike other members of the statin group, atorvastatin is an active compound and therefore does not require activation.
Ethanol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C19
CYP2C19 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Ethanol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C19
CYP2C19 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fluvastatin
Fluvastatin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Ethanol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP4A11
CYP4A11 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Cisplatin
Cisplatin {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Atorvastatin
Ethanol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C19
CYP2C19 {u} (Gene) is associated with {v} (Disease) coronary artery disease
coronary artery disease {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Ethanol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C19
CYP2C19 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Warfarin
Warfarin {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Atorvastatin
Ethanol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) interacts with {v} (Gene) UGT2B7
UGT2B7 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Ethanol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP4A11
CYP4A11 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Dexamethasone
Dexamethasone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Atorvastatin
Ethanol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) GABRA1
GABRA1 {u} (Gene) interacts with {v} (Gene) PRKCD
PRKCD {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Ethanol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ticagrelor
Ticagrelor {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Atorvastatin
Ethanol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP1A1
CYP1A1 {u} (Gene) regulates {v} (Gene) ABCC5
ABCC5 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Ethanol (Compound) binds CYP2C19 (Gene) and CYP2C19 (Gene) is bound by Atorvastatin (Compound)
Ethanol (Compound) binds CYP2C19 (Gene) and CYP2C19 (Gene) is bound by Fluvastatin (Compound) and Fluvastatin (Compound) resembles Atorvastatin (Compound)
Ethanol (Compound) binds CYP4A11 (Gene) and CYP4A11 (Gene) is bound by Cisplatin (Compound) and Cisplatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Atorvastatin
Ethanol (Compound) binds CYP2C19 (Gene) and CYP2C19 (Gene) is associated with coronary artery disease (Disease) and coronary artery disease (Disease) is treated by Atorvastatin (Compound)
Ethanol (Compound) binds CYP2C19 (Gene) and CYP2C19 (Gene) is bound by Warfarin (Compound) and Warfarin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Atorvastatin
Ethanol (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) interacts with UGT2B7 (Gene) and UGT2B7 (Gene) is bound by Atorvastatin (Compound)
Ethanol (Compound) binds CYP4A11 (Gene) and CYP4A11 (Gene) is bound by Dexamethasone (Compound) and Dexamethasone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Atorvastatin
Ethanol (Compound) binds GABRA1 (Gene) and GABRA1 (Gene) interacts with PRKCD (Gene) and PRKCD (Gene) is upregulated by Atorvastatin (Compound)
Ethanol (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Ticagrelor (Compound) and Ticagrelor may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Atorvastatin
Ethanol (Compound) binds CYP1A1 (Gene) and CYP1A1 (Gene) regulates ABCC5 (Gene) and ABCC5 (Gene) is bound by Atorvastatin (Compound)