DDInter537 DDInter1628
Diclofenac is a phenylacetic acid derivative and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).[label] NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and-2 which are the enzyme responsible for producing prostaglandins (PGs). PGs contribute to inflammation and pain signalling. Diclofenac, like other NSAIDs, is often used as first line therapy for acute and chronic pain and inflammation from a variety of causes. Diclofenac was the product of rational drug design based on the structures of [phenylbutazone], [mefenamic acid], and [indomethacin]. The addition of two chlorine groups in the ortho position of the phenyl ring locks the ring in maximal torsion which appears to be related to increased potency. It is often used in combination with [misoprostol] to prevent NSAID-induced gastric ulcers. Diclofenac was first approved by the
Ruxolitinib, formerly known as INCB018424 or INC424, is an anticancer drug and a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor. It is a potent and selective inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2, which are tyrosine kinases involved in cytokine signalling and hematopoiesis. Myeloproliferative neoplasms, such as myelofibrosis and polycythemia vera, are often characterized by aberrant activation of the JAK-STAT pathway, leading to abnormal blood cell counts and thrombotic complications. By inhibiting JAK1 and JAK2, ruxolitinib works to block the dysregulated cell signalling pathways and prevents abnormal blood cell proliferation. Due to a large number of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms who have JAK2 mutations, ruxolitinib was the first ATP-competitive inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2 ever developed. Ruxolitinib was first approved for the treatment of adult patients with myelofibrosis by the FDA in 2011, followed by EMA's approval in 2012. In 2014, it was approved for the treatment of polycythemia vera in adults who have an inadequate response to or are intolerant of [hydroxyurea] and in 2019, ruxolitinib was approved for use in steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease in adults and children. The topical formulation of ruxolitinib is used to treat atopic dermatitis and vitiligo. It is being investigated for other inflammatory skin conditions. Ruxolitinib has been investigated to treat patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) accompanied by severe systemic hyperinflammation. In phase II clinical trials, ruxolitinib improved chest computed tomography and improved recovery in patients with lymphopenia.[A229713, A229718] However, phase III clinical trials later determined that ruxolitinib was inadequate in meeting its primary endpoint of reducing the number of hospitalized COVID-19 patients who experienced severe complications thus the drug was not approved as a treatment for COVID-19.
Diclofenac {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Diclofenac {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) PTGS2
PTGS2 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Diclofenac {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) NPDC1
NPDC1 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Diclofenac {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Anaemia
Anaemia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Diclofenac {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) PTGS2
PTGS2 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) CAMK1D
CAMK1D {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Diclofenac {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) NPDC1
NPDC1 {u} (Gene) covaries with {v} (Gene) MKNK2
MKNK2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Diclofenac {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Nilotinib
Nilotinib {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) hematologic cancer
hematologic cancer {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Diclofenac {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) PTGS2
PTGS2 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) ZNF451
ZNF451 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Diclofenac {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) NPDC1
NPDC1 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) LRRK2
LRRK2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Diclofenac {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Anagrelide
Anagrelide {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) hematologic cancer
hematologic cancer {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Diclofenac (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Diclofenac (Compound) binds PTGS2 (Gene) and PTGS2 (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Diclofenac (Compound) downregulates NPDC1 (Gene) and NPDC1 (Gene) is downregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Diclofenac (Compound) causes Anaemia (Side Effect) and Anaemia (Side Effect) is caused by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Diclofenac (Compound) binds PTGS2 (Gene) and PTGS2 (Gene) is regulated by CAMK1D (Gene) and CAMK1D (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Diclofenac (Compound) downregulates NPDC1 (Gene) and NPDC1 (Gene) covaries with MKNK2 (Gene) and MKNK2 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Diclofenac may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nilotinib and Nilotinib (Compound) treats hematologic cancer (Disease) and hematologic cancer (Disease) is treated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Diclofenac (Compound) binds PTGS2 (Gene) and PTGS2 (Gene) is regulated by ZNF451 (Gene) and ZNF451 (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Diclofenac (Compound) downregulates NPDC1 (Gene) and NPDC1 (Gene) is regulated by LRRK2 (Gene) and LRRK2 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Diclofenac may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Anagrelide and Anagrelide (Compound) treats hematologic cancer (Disease) and hematologic cancer (Disease) is treated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)