DDInter1008 DDInter703
Ketoconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent used in the prevention and treatment of a variety of fungal infections.[FDA Label] It functions by preventing the synthesis of ergosterol, the fungal equivalent of cholesterol, thereby increasing membrane fluidity and preventing growth of the fungus.[A181802,T116] Ketoconazole was first approved in an oral formulation for systemic use by the FDA in 1981. At this time it was considered a significant improvement over previous antifungals, [miconazole] and [clotrimazole], due to its broad spectrum and good absorption. However, it was discovered that ketoconazole produces frequent gastrointestinal side effects and dose-related hepatitis.[A188054,A188057] These effects combined with waning efficacy led to its eventual replacement by triazole agents, [fluconazole], [itraconazole], [voriconazole], and [posaconazole]. Ketoconazole and its predecessor [clotrimazole] continue
Etravirine is an antiretroviral agent more specifically classified as a Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NNRTI). Etraverine is used clinically for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. On January 18, 2007, the FDA granted accelerated approved for the use of etravirine 100mg tablets in the treatment of adult HIV-1 infection documented to be resistant to therapy with other NNRTIs and antiretroviral agents. On March 26, 2012, approval was extended for use in treatment-experienced pediatric patients 6 to 18 years of age, weighing at least 16 kg. Etravarine must always be used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs. Etravirine exerts its effects via direct inhibition of the reverse transcriptase enzyme of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and consequently blocks DNA-dependent and RNA-dependent polymerase activity. Etravirine does not inhibit human DNA polymerase alpha, beta or gamma. Common side effects of use include mild to moderate rash within the first 6 weeks of therapy, nausea, diarrhea and peripheral neuropathy. Patients are advised to immediately contact their healthcare provider if a rash develops. In 2009, postmarketing case reports of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, erythema multiforme, and other hypersensitivity reactions lead to a revision of etravirine's "Warnings and Precautions," as well as notification of health care providers. In 2013, reports of Autoimmune disorders (such as Graves’ disease, polymyositis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome) in the setting of immune reconstitution, as well as more in depth information about the development of rashes in patients taking etravirine, lead to a modification of etravirine's monograph.
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Etravirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Malnutrition
Malnutrition {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Etravirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Rilpivirine
Rilpivirine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Etravirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C9
CYP2C9 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Bexarotene
Bexarotene {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Etravirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Malnutrition
Malnutrition {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Rilpivirine
Rilpivirine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Etravirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Hypertriglyceridaemia
Hypertriglyceridaemia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Bexarotene
Bexarotene {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Etravirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Swelling face
Swelling face {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Dapsone
Dapsone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Etravirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Itraconazole
Itraconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Etravirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Hypertriglyceridaemia
Hypertriglyceridaemia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Ponatinib
Ponatinib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Etravirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Econazole
Econazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Miconazole
Miconazole {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Etravirine
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Etravirine (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Malnutrition (Side Effect) and Malnutrition (Side Effect) is caused by Etravirine (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Rilpivirine (Compound) and Rilpivirine (Compound) resembles Etravirine (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Bexarotene (Compound) and Bexarotene may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Etravirine
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Malnutrition (Side Effect) and Malnutrition (Side Effect) is caused by Rilpivirine (Compound) and Rilpivirine (Compound) resembles Etravirine (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Hypertriglyceridaemia (Side Effect) and Hypertriglyceridaemia (Side Effect) is caused by Bexarotene (Compound) and Bexarotene may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Etravirine
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Swelling face (Side Effect) and Swelling face (Side Effect) is caused by Dapsone (Compound) and Dapsone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Etravirine
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Itraconazole (Compound) and Itraconazole (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Etravirine (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Hypertriglyceridaemia (Side Effect) and Hypertriglyceridaemia (Side Effect) is caused by Ponatinib (Compound) and Ponatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Etravirine
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Econazole (Compound) and Econazole (Compound) resembles Miconazole (Compound) and Miconazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Etravirine