DDInter1008 DDInter737
Ketoconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent used in the prevention and treatment of a variety of fungal infections.[FDA Label] It functions by preventing the synthesis of ergosterol, the fungal equivalent of cholesterol, thereby increasing membrane fluidity and preventing growth of the fungus.[A181802,T116] Ketoconazole was first approved in an oral formulation for systemic use by the FDA in 1981. At this time it was considered a significant improvement over previous antifungals, [miconazole] and [clotrimazole], due to its broad spectrum and good absorption. However, it was discovered that ketoconazole produces frequent gastrointestinal side effects and dose-related hepatitis.[A188054,A188057] These effects combined with waning efficacy led to its eventual replacement by triazole agents, [fluconazole], [itraconazole], [voriconazole], and [posaconazole]. Ketoconazole and its predecessor [clotrimazole] continue
Multiple sclerosis, or MS, is a devastating inflammatory disease that often progresses and causes severe neurological, physical, and cognitive effects. Fingolimod is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. It was developed by Novartis and initially approved by the FDA in 2010. Fingolimod was also studied for the treatment of COVID-19, the disease caused by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus.[L12654,L12657]
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2D6
CYP2D6 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fingolimod
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Gastrointestinal disorder
Gastrointestinal disorder {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Fingolimod
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Posaconazole
Posaconazole {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Fingolimod
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2D6
CYP2D6 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Olanzapine
Olanzapine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Fingolimod
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Fingolimod
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Gastrointestinal disorder
Gastrointestinal disorder {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Fingolimod
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Alopecia
Alopecia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Pyridostigmine
Pyridostigmine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Fingolimod
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Itraconazole
Itraconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Posaconazole
Posaconazole {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Fingolimod
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Posaconazole
Posaconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fingolimod
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Econazole
Econazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Fingolimod
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP2D6 (Gene) and CYP2D6 (Gene) is bound by Fingolimod (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Gastrointestinal disorder (Side Effect) and Gastrointestinal disorder (Side Effect) is caused by Fingolimod (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Posaconazole (Compound) and Posaconazole may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Fingolimod
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP2D6 (Gene) and CYP2D6 (Gene) is bound by Olanzapine (Compound) and Olanzapine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fingolimod
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Sulfamethoxazole (Compound) and Sulfamethoxazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Fingolimod
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Gastrointestinal disorder (Side Effect) and Gastrointestinal disorder (Side Effect) is caused by Sulfamethoxazole (Compound) and Sulfamethoxazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Fingolimod
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Alopecia (Side Effect) and Alopecia (Side Effect) is caused by Pyridostigmine (Compound) and Pyridostigmine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fingolimod
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Itraconazole (Compound) and Itraconazole (Compound) resembles Posaconazole (Compound) and Posaconazole may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Fingolimod
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Posaconazole (Compound) and Posaconazole (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Fingolimod (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Econazole (Compound) and Econazole (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Fingolimod (Compound)