DDInter1834 DDInter569
Topiramate is a anti-epileptic drug used to manage seizures and prevent migraines. It was initially approved by the FDA in 1996. In 2004, topiramate was approved for the prevention of migraine in adults.[A188309,L10544,L43478] Since 2012, the extended-release formulation has been approved in combination with [phentermine] for chronic weight management therapy in adults. Characteristics that distinguish topiramate from other antiepileptic drugs are a monosaccharide chemical structure containing a sulfamate, and 40% of its mass accounted for by oxygen. Interestingly, topiramate was discovered by chance when attempts were made to formulate a novel antidiabetic drug.
Diphenhydramine - perhaps known most commonly as its brand name formulation Benadryl - is a first-generation H1 receptor antihistamine that is used extensively for the treatment of seasonal allergies, insect bites and stings, and rashes [L5263, L5266, L5269, F3379]. However, it also has antiemetic, antitussive, hypnotic, and antiparkinson properties [L5269, F3352]. As histamine receptors exist both peripherally and in the central nervous system, diphenhydramine has been shown to cause sedation due to its competitive antagonism of histamine H1 receptors within the central nervous system [L5263, L5266, L5269, F3379, A174541]. While its use in allergy therapy can sometimes fall out of favor due to its sedative effect, diphenhydramine has been repurposed for use within many non-prescription over-the-counter sleep aids and cough-and-cold medications that have been marketed for "night time" use [L5263, L5281, L5287]. Diphenhydramine is also used in combination with as the anti-nausea drug where it is utilized primarily for its antagonism of H1 histamine receptors within the vestibular system . Diphenhydramine has also been shown to be implicated in a number of neurotransmitter systems that affect behaviour including dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, acetylcholine, and opioid . As a result, diphenhydramine is being investigated for its anxiolytic and anti-depressant properties.
Topiramate {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C19
CYP2C19 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Diphenhydramine
Topiramate {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Dizziness
Dizziness {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Diphenhydramine
Topiramate {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C19
CYP2C19 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Modafinil
Modafinil {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Diphenhydramine
Topiramate {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Dizziness
Dizziness {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Toremifene
Toremifene {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Diphenhydramine
Topiramate {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Dysuria
Dysuria {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Tropicamide
Tropicamide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Diphenhydramine
Topiramate {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Dyspepsia
Dyspepsia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Bepridil
Bepridil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Diphenhydramine
Topiramate {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Nasal congestion
Nasal congestion {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Atomoxetine
Atomoxetine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Diphenhydramine
Topiramate {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C19
CYP2C19 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Promazine
Promazine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Diphenhydramine
Topiramate {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) COL11A1
COL11A1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Toremifene
Toremifene {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Diphenhydramine
Topiramate {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) CDC20
CDC20 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Toremifene
Toremifene {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Diphenhydramine
Topiramate (Compound) binds CYP2C19 (Gene) and CYP2C19 (Gene) is bound by Diphenhydramine (Compound)
Topiramate (Compound) causes Dizziness (Side Effect) and Dizziness (Side Effect) is caused by Diphenhydramine (Compound)
Topiramate (Compound) binds CYP2C19 (Gene) and CYP2C19 (Gene) is bound by Modafinil (Compound) and Modafinil (Compound) resembles Diphenhydramine (Compound)
Topiramate (Compound) causes Dizziness (Side Effect) and Dizziness (Side Effect) is caused by Toremifene (Compound) and Toremifene (Compound) resembles Diphenhydramine (Compound)
Topiramate (Compound) causes Dysuria (Side Effect) and Dysuria (Side Effect) is caused by Tropicamide (Compound) and Tropicamide (Compound) resembles Diphenhydramine (Compound)
Topiramate (Compound) causes Dyspepsia (Side Effect) and Dyspepsia (Side Effect) is caused by Bepridil (Compound) and Bepridil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diphenhydramine
Topiramate (Compound) causes Nasal congestion (Side Effect) and Nasal congestion (Side Effect) is caused by Atomoxetine (Compound) and Atomoxetine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diphenhydramine
Topiramate (Compound) binds CYP2C19 (Gene) and CYP2C19 (Gene) is bound by Promazine (Compound) and Promazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diphenhydramine
Topiramate (Compound) upregulates COL11A1 (Gene) and COL11A1 (Gene) is upregulated by Toremifene (Compound) and Toremifene (Compound) resembles Diphenhydramine (Compound)
Topiramate (Compound) downregulates CDC20 (Gene) and CDC20 (Gene) is downregulated by Toremifene (Compound) and Toremifene (Compound) resembles Diphenhydramine (Compound)