DDInter542 DDInter133
Dicoumarol is an oral anticoagulant agent that works by interfering with the metabolism of vitamin K. In addition to its clinical use, it is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.
Atorvastatin (Lipitor®), is a lipid-lowering drug included in the statin class of medications. By inhibiting the endogenous production of cholesterol in the liver, statins lower abnormal cholesterol and lipid levels, and ultimately reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. More specifically, statin medications competitively inhibit the enzyme hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) Reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid. This conversion is a critical metabolic reaction involved in the production of several compounds involved in lipid metabolism and transport, including cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (sometimes referred to as "bad cholesterol"), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Prescribing statins is considered standard practice for patients following any cardiovascular event, and for people who are at moderate to high risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The evidence supporting statin use, coupled with minimal side effects and long term benefits, has resulted in wide use of this medication in North America.[A181087, A181406] Atorvastatin and other statins including [lovastatin], [pravastatin], [rosuvastatin], [fluvastatin], and [simvastatin] are considered first-line treatment options for dyslipidemia.[A181087, A181406] The increasing use of this class of drugs is largely attributed to the rise in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (such as heart attack, atherosclerosis, angina, peripheral artery disease, and stroke) in many countries. An elevated cholesterol level (elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in particular) is a significant risk factor for the development of CVD.[A181087,A181553] Several landmark studies demonstrate that the use of statins is associated with both a reduction in LDL levels and CVD risk.[A181090,A181093,A181096,A181427,A181475,A181538] Statins were shown to reduce the incidences of all-cause mortality, including fatal and non-fatal CVD, as well as the need for surgical revascularization or angioplasty following a heart attack.[A181087, A181406] Some evidence has shown that even for low-risk individuals (with <10% risk of a major vascular event occurring within five years) statin use leads to a 20%-22% relative reduction in the number of major cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke, coronary revascularization, and coronary death) for every 1 mmol/L reduction in LDL without any significant side effects or risks.[A181397, A181403] Atorvastatin was first synthesized in 1985 by Dr. Bruce Roth and approved by the FDA in 1996. It is a pentasubstituted pyrrole formed by two contrasting moieties with an achiral heterocyclic core unit and a 3,5-dihydroxypentanoyl side chain identical to its parent compound. Unlike other members of the statin group, atorvastatin is an active compound and therefore does not require activation.
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C9
CYP2C9 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Warfarin
Warfarin {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C9
CYP2C9 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Pitavastatin
Pitavastatin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Phenprocoumon
Phenprocoumon {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Warfarin
Warfarin {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Warfarin
Warfarin {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Conivaptan
Conivaptan {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Phenprocoumon
Phenprocoumon {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C9
CYP2C9 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C9
CYP2C9 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Medroxyprogesterone acetate
Medroxyprogesterone acetate {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) GPR35
GPR35 {u} (Gene) regulates {v} (Gene) PCNA
PCNA {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) NQO1
NQO1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Cisplatin
Cisplatin {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CRYZ
CRYZ {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Dexamethasone
Dexamethasone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Atorvastatin (Compound)
Dicoumarol (Compound) resembles Warfarin (Compound) and Warfarin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Pitavastatin (Compound) and Pitavastatin (Compound) resembles Atorvastatin (Compound)
Dicoumarol (Compound) resembles Phenprocoumon (Compound) and Phenprocoumon (Compound) resembles Warfarin (Compound) and Warfarin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol (Compound) resembles Warfarin (Compound) and Warfarin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Conivaptan and Conivaptan (Compound) resembles Atorvastatin (Compound)
Dicoumarol (Compound) resembles Phenprocoumon (Compound) and Phenprocoumon (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Atorvastatin (Compound)
Dicoumarol (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Compound) and Medroxyprogesterone acetate may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol (Compound) binds GPR35 (Gene) and GPR35 (Gene) regulates PCNA (Gene) and PCNA (Gene) is downregulated by Atorvastatin (Compound)
Dicoumarol (Compound) binds NQO1 (Gene) and NQO1 (Gene) is bound by Cisplatin (Compound) and Cisplatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Atorvastatin
Dicoumarol (Compound) binds CRYZ (Gene) and CRYZ (Gene) is upregulated by Dexamethasone (Compound) and Dexamethasone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Atorvastatin