DDInter1088 DDInter504
Loperamide is an anti-diarrheal agent that is available as various over-the-counter products for treating diarrhea. The drug was first synthesized in 1969 and used medically in 1976. It is a highly lipophilic synthetic phenylpiperidine opioid that is structurally similar to opiate receptor agonists such as [diphenoxylate] and [haloperidol]. Due to pharmacological properties, loperamide has been misused and abused to self-manage opioid withdrawal symptoms and to induce euphoria.[A251610, A251625] However, loperamide is associated with a risk for experiencing a range of adverse effects, often life-threatening, if taking for non-therapeutic reasons or at doses higher than the recommended dose.
Desipramine hydrochloride is a dibenzazepine-derivative tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). TCAs are structurally similar to phenothiazines. They contain a tricyclic ring system with an alkyl amine substituent on the central ring. In non-depressed individuals, desipramine does not affect mood or arousal, but may cause sedation. In depressed individuals, desipramine exerts a positive effect on mood. TCAs are potent inhibitors of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Secondary amine TCAs, such as desipramine and nortriptyline, are more potent inhibitors of norepinephrine reuptake than tertiary amine TCAs, such as amitriptyline and doxepine. TCAs also down-regulate cerebral cortical &beta;-adrenergic receptors and sensitize post-synaptic serotonergic receptors with chronic use. The antidepressant effects of TCAs are thought to be due to an overall increase in serotonergic neurotransmission. TCAs also block histamine-H<sub>1</sub> receptors, &alpha;<sub>1</sub>-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic receptors, which accounts for their sedative, hypotensive and anticholinergic effects (e.g. blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention), respectively. See toxicity section below for a complete listing of side effects. Desipramine exerts less anticholinergic and sedative side effects compared to tertiary amine TCAs, such as amitriptyline and clomipramine. Desipramine may be used to treat depression, neuropathic pain (unlabeled use), agitation and insomnia (unlabeled use) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (unlabeled use).
Loperamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Promazine
Promazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Loperamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Protriptyline
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Loperamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Alimemazine
Alimemazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Loperamide {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Loperamide {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) ALDOC
ALDOC {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Loperamide {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) CDC20
CDC20 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Loperamide {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Diarrhoea
Diarrhoea {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Loperamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Promazine
Promazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Triflupromazine
Triflupromazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Loperamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Protriptyline
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Atomoxetine
Atomoxetine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Loperamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Atomoxetine
Atomoxetine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Protriptyline
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Loperamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promazine and Promazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Loperamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Protriptyline and Protriptyline (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Loperamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Alimemazine and Alimemazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Loperamide (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Desipramine (Compound)
Loperamide (Compound) upregulates ALDOC (Gene) and ALDOC (Gene) is upregulated by Desipramine (Compound)
Loperamide (Compound) downregulates CDC20 (Gene) and CDC20 (Gene) is downregulated by Desipramine (Compound)
Loperamide (Compound) causes Diarrhoea (Side Effect) and Diarrhoea (Side Effect) is caused by Desipramine (Compound)
Loperamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promazine and Promazine (Compound) resembles Triflupromazine (Compound) and Triflupromazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Loperamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Protriptyline and Protriptyline (Compound) resembles Atomoxetine (Compound) and Atomoxetine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Loperamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Atomoxetine and Atomoxetine (Compound) resembles Protriptyline (Compound) and Protriptyline (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)