DDInter915 DDInter221
Indacaterol is a novel, ultra-long-acting, rapid onset β(2)-adrenoceptor agonist developed for Novartis for the once-daily management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) on 30 November 2009 and by the FDA on 1 July 2011. It is marketed in Europe as Onbrez and in America as Arcapta Neohaler. Indacaterol is provided as its maleate salt form. Indacaterol is also a chiral molecule but only the pure R-enantiomer is dispensed.
Boceprevir is a direct acting antiviral medication used as part of combination therapy to treat chronic Hepatitis C, an infectious liver disease caused by infection with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). HCV is a single-stranded RNA virus that is categorized into nine distinct genotypes, with genotype 1 being the most common in the United States, and affecting 72% of all chronic HCV patients . Treatment options for chronic Hepatitis C have advanced significantly since 2011, with the development of Direct Acting Antivirals (DAAs) such as Boceprevir. Boceprevir is an inhibitor of NS3/4A, a serine protease enzyme, encoded by HCV genotypes 1 and 4 [synthesis]. These enzymes are essential for viral replication and serve to cleave the virally encoded polyprotein into mature proteins like NS4A, NS4B, NS5A and NS5B [FDA Label]. The barrier for develoment of resistance to NS3/4A inhibitors is lower than that of NS5B inhibitors, another class of DAAs . Subtitutions at amino acid positions 155, 156, or 168 are known to confer resistance. The substitutions of the enzyme's catalytic triad consisting of H58, D82, and S139 are also likely to alter the affinity of the drug for NS3/4A or the activity of the enzyme itself. Despite this disadvantage Boceprevir is still effective against HCV when paired with , , and . In a joint recommendation published in 2016, the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) do not reccomend Boceprevir in combination with , , and as first line therapy for Hepatitis C . Boceprevir, , , and are used with the intent to cure, or achieve a sustained virologic response (SVR), after 48 weeks of daily therapy. SVR and eradication of HCV infection is associated with significant long-term health benefits including reduced liver-related damage, improved quality of life, reduced incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, and reduced all-cause mortality . Boceprevir is available as a fixed dose product (tradename Victrelis) used for the treatment of chronic Hepatitis C. Approved in May 2011 by the FDA, Victrelis is indicated for the treatment of HCV genotype 1 in combination with , , and [FDA Label]. Victrelis is no longer widely used as interferon-free therapies have been developed.
Indacaterol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Boceprevir
Indacaterol {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Gastrointestinal disorder
Gastrointestinal disorder {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Boceprevir
Indacaterol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Telaprevir
Telaprevir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Boceprevir
Indacaterol {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Gastrointestinal disorder
Gastrointestinal disorder {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Telaprevir
Telaprevir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Boceprevir
Indacaterol {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Headache
Headache {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Cabazitaxel
Cabazitaxel {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Boceprevir
Indacaterol {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Connective tissue disorder
Connective tissue disorder {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Abiraterone
Abiraterone {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Boceprevir
Indacaterol {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) asthma
asthma {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Hydrocortisone
Hydrocortisone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Boceprevir
Indacaterol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) regulates {v} (Gene) CTSL
CTSL {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Boceprevir
Indacaterol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Abiraterone
Abiraterone {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Boceprevir
Indacaterol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ADRB2
ADRB2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Salmeterol
Salmeterol {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Boceprevir
Indacaterol (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Boceprevir (Compound)
Indacaterol (Compound) causes Gastrointestinal disorder (Side Effect) and Gastrointestinal disorder (Side Effect) is caused by Boceprevir (Compound)
Indacaterol (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Telaprevir (Compound) and Telaprevir (Compound) resembles Boceprevir (Compound)
Indacaterol (Compound) causes Gastrointestinal disorder (Side Effect) and Gastrointestinal disorder (Side Effect) is caused by Telaprevir (Compound) and Telaprevir (Compound) resembles Boceprevir (Compound)
Indacaterol (Compound) causes Headache (Side Effect) and Headache (Side Effect) is caused by Cabazitaxel (Compound) and Cabazitaxel may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Boceprevir
Indacaterol (Compound) causes Connective tissue disorder (Side Effect) and Connective tissue disorder (Side Effect) is caused by Abiraterone (Compound) and Abiraterone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Boceprevir
Indacaterol (Compound) treats asthma (Disease) and asthma (Disease) is treated by Hydrocortisone (Compound) and Hydrocortisone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Boceprevir
Indacaterol (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) regulates CTSL (Gene) and CTSL (Gene) is bound by Boceprevir (Compound)
Indacaterol (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Abiraterone (Compound) and Abiraterone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Boceprevir
Indacaterol (Compound) binds ADRB2 (Gene) and ADRB2 (Gene) is bound by Salmeterol (Compound) and Salmeterol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Boceprevir