DDInter1042 DDInter11
Leuprolide is a synthetic 9-residue peptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Unlike the endogenous decapeptide GnRH, leuprolide contains a single D-amino acid (D-leucyl) residue, which helps to increase its circulating half-life from three to four minutes to approximately three hours. As a GnRH mimic, leuprolide is capable of binding to the GnRH receptor (GnRHR) and inducing downstream modulation of both gonadotropin hormone and sex steroid levels. Prolonged activation of GnRHR results in significant downregulation of sex steroid levels, which is primarily responsible for the clinical efficacy of leuprolide in diverse conditions, including advanced prostate cancer, endometriosis, and central precocious puberty.[A203126, A203132] Leuprolide was first approved in 1985 as a daily subcutaneous injection under the tradename
Acarbose is a complex oligosaccharide that acts as an inhibitor of several enzymes responsible for the breakdown of complex carbohydrates in the intestines. It inhibits both pancreatic alpha-amylase and membrane-bound alpha-glucosidases - including intestinal glucoamylase, sucrase, maltase, and isomaltase - which are responsible for the metabolism of complex starches and oligo-, tri-, and disaccharides into absorbable simple sugars.[L31633,A37868] By inhibiting the activity of these enzymes, acarbose limits the absorption of dietary carbohydrates and the subsequent postprandial increase in blood glucose and insulin levels. Acarbose is therefore used in conjunction with diet, exercise, and other pharmacotherapies for the management of blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.[L31628,L31633] Acarbose is one of only two approved alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (the other being [miglitol]), receiving its first FDA approval in 1995 under the brand name Precose (since discontinued). This class of antidiabetic therapy is not widely used due to their relatively modest impact on A1c, their requirement for thrice-daily dosing, and the potential for significant gastrointestinal adverse effects.
Acarbose {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Amikacin
Acarbose {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Neomycin
Acarbose {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) type 2 diabetes mellitus
Acarbose {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) AMY1B
Acarbose {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) PAK1
Acarbose {u} (Compound) is included by {v} (Pharmacologic Class) alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors
Acarbose {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) S100A13
Acarbose {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Hepatic function abnormal
Acarbose {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Amcinonide
Acarbose {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Lipoic acid
Acarbose (Compound) resembles Amikacin (Compound)
Acarbose may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Neomycin
Acarbose (Compound) treats type 2 diabetes mellitus (Disease)
Acarbose (Compound) binds AMY1B (Gene)
Acarbose (Compound) upregulates PAK1 (Gene)
Acarbose (Compound) is included by alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors (Pharmacologic Class)
Acarbose (Compound) downregulates S100A13 (Gene)
Acarbose (Compound) causes Hepatic function abnormal (Side Effect)
Acarbose may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Amcinonide
Acarbose may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Lipoic acid