DDInter998 DDInter107
Ivermectin is a semi-synthetic antiparasitic medication derived from avermectins, a class of highly-active broad-spectrum antiparasitic agents isolated from the fermentation products of _Streptomyces avermitilis_. Ivermectin itself is a mixture of two avermectins, comprising roughly 90% 5-O-demethyl-22,23-dihydroavermectin A<sub>1a</sub> (22,23-dihydroavermectin B<sub>1a</sub>) and 10% 5-O-demethyl-25-de(1-methylpropyl)-22,23-dihydro­-25-(1-methylethyl)avermectin A<sub>1a</sub> (22,23-dihydroavermectin B<sub>1b</sub>). Ivermectin is mainly used in humans in the
Apalutamide is a potent androgen receptor (AR) antagonist that selectively binds to the ligand-binding domain of AR and blocks AR nuclear translocation or binding to androgen response elements . It has been used in trials studying the treatment of Prostate Cancer, Hepatic Impairment, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, and Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant, among others. Exerting an antitumor action, apalutamide blocking the effect of androgens that promote tumor growth. It targets the AR ligand-binding domain and prevents AR nuclear translocation, DNA binding, and transcription of AR gene targets in prostate tumors . In mice bearing human CRPC xenograft models, apalutamide treatment produced tumor regressions in a dose-dependent manner that was more effective than that of or . Unlike bicalutamide, apalutamide antagonized AR-mediated signaling in AR overexpressing human CRPC cell lines . Androgen-deprivation therapy, or hormone therapy, can be used as part of maintenance therapy for patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer. Although most patients achieve therapeutic responses at the initial hormone therapy, many patients progress to non-metastatic castration-resistant (resistance to hormone therapy) prostate cancer which is the second-most common cause of cancer-related deaths in American males . Castration-resistant prostate cancer is often incurable, which poses significant clinical challenges for patients. Approximately 10 to 20 % of prostate cancer cases are castration-resistant, and up to 16% of these patients show no evidence of cancer metastasis at the time of castration-resistant diagnosis . Higher prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and shorter PSA doubling time (PSA DT) are associated with a higher risk for metastases and death . In a phase-2 multicenter open-label study, 89% of patients with non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer had ≥50% PSA decline at week 12 of apalutamide treatment . In a randomized trial, the median metastasis-free survival for patients taking apalutamide was 40.5 months compared to 16.2 months for patients taking a placebo . Apalutamide displayed good tolerability and safety profile in clinical studies. Apalutamide was approved in February 2018 by the FDA as Erleada for the treatment of patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer that is resistant to treatment with hormone therapy (castration-resistant). It is available as oral tablets. Apalutamide is the first FDA-approved treatment for non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer .
Ivermectin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCG2
ABCG2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Dasatinib
Dasatinib {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Ivermectin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Proguanil
Proguanil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Ivermectin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Eplerenone
Eplerenone {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Ivermectin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) TRAPPC6A
TRAPPC6A {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ponatinib
Ponatinib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Ivermectin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) WDR45
WDR45 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Irinotecan
Irinotecan {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Ivermectin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) TRIB1
TRIB1 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Norethisterone
Norethisterone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Ivermectin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) MAPKAPK5
MAPKAPK5 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Sirolimus
Sirolimus {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Ivermectin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) IKBKB
IKBKB {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Arsenic trioxide
Arsenic trioxide {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Ivermectin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) ERBB3
ERBB3 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Gefitinib
Gefitinib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Ivermectin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) ERBB3
ERBB3 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) and {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Dasatinib
Dasatinib {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Apalutamide
Ivermectin (Compound) binds ABCG2 (Gene) and ABCG2 (Gene) is bound by Dasatinib (Compound) and Dasatinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Apalutamide
Ivermectin (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Proguanil (Compound) and Proguanil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Ivermectin (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Eplerenone (Compound) and Eplerenone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Apalutamide
Ivermectin (Compound) upregulates TRAPPC6A (Gene) and TRAPPC6A (Gene) is upregulated by Ponatinib (Compound) and Ponatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Ivermectin (Compound) upregulates WDR45 (Gene) and WDR45 (Gene) is upregulated by Irinotecan (Compound) and Irinotecan may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Apalutamide
Ivermectin (Compound) upregulates TRIB1 (Gene) and TRIB1 (Gene) is downregulated by Norethisterone (Compound) and Norethisterone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Ivermectin (Compound) upregulates MAPKAPK5 (Gene) and MAPKAPK5 (Gene) is downregulated by Sirolimus (Compound) and Sirolimus may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Apalutamide
Ivermectin (Compound) upregulates IKBKB (Gene) and IKBKB (Gene) is bound by Arsenic trioxide (Compound) and Arsenic trioxide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Apalutamide
Ivermectin (Compound) upregulates ERBB3 (Gene) and ERBB3 (Gene) is bound by Gefitinib (Compound) and Gefitinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Ivermectin (Compound) upregulates ERBB3 (Gene) and ERBB3 (Gene) is bound by Dasatinib (Compound) and ERBB3 (Gene) is upregulated by Dasatinib (Compound) and Dasatinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Apalutamide