DDInter1042 DDInter825
Leuprolide is a synthetic 9-residue peptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Unlike the endogenous decapeptide GnRH, leuprolide contains a single D-amino acid (D-leucyl) residue, which helps to increase its circulating half-life from three to four minutes to approximately three hours. As a GnRH mimic, leuprolide is capable of binding to the GnRH receptor (GnRHR) and inducing downstream modulation of both gonadotropin hormone and sex steroid levels. Prolonged activation of GnRHR results in significant downregulation of sex steroid levels, which is primarily responsible for the clinical efficacy of leuprolide in diverse conditions, including advanced prostate cancer, endometriosis, and central precocious puberty.[A203126, A203132] Leuprolide was first approved in 1985 as a daily subcutaneous injection under the tradename
First introduced in 1995, glimepiride is a member of the second-generation sulfonylurea (SU) drug class used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to improve glycemic control. Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder with increasing prevalences worldwide; it is characterized by insulin resistance in accordance with progressive β cell failure and long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications that lead to co-morbidities and mortalities. Sulfonylureas are one of the insulin secretagogues widely used for the management of type 2 diabetes to lower blood glucose levels. The main effect of SUs is thought to be effective when residual pancreatic β-cells are present, as they work by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreatic beta cells and they are also thought to exert extra-pancreatic effects, such as increasing the insulin-mediated peripheral glucose uptake. Glimepiride works by stimulating the secretion of insulin granules from pancreatic islet beta cells by blocking ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K<SUB>ATP</SUB> channels) and causing depolarization of the beta cells. Compared to [glipizide], another second SU drug, glimepiride has a longer duration of action. It is sometimes classified as a third-generation SU because it has larger substitutions than other second-generation SUs. Compared to other SUs, glimepiride was associated with a lower risk of developing hypoglycemia and weight gain in clinical trials as well as fewer cardiovascular effects than other SUs due to minimal effects on ischemic preconditioning of cardiac myocytes. It is effective in reducing fasting plasma glucose, postprandial glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels and is considered to be a useful, cost-effective treatment option for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Glimepiride was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States in 1995 for the treatment of T2DM. It is commonly marketed under the brand name Amaryl as oral tablets and is typically administered once daily.
Glimepiride {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Gliclazide
Glimepiride {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Glisoxepide
Glimepiride {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) type 2 diabetes mellitus
Glimepiride {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) KCNJ11
Glimepiride {u} (Compound) is included by {v} (Pharmacologic Class) Sulfonylurea Compounds
Glimepiride {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
Glimepiride {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Methylcellulose
Glimepiride {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Lipoic acid
Glimepiride {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Chromium picolinate
Glimepiride {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Sermorelin
Glimepiride (Compound) resembles Gliclazide (Compound)
Glimepiride (Compound) resembles Glisoxepide (Compound)
Glimepiride (Compound) treats type 2 diabetes mellitus (Disease)
Glimepiride (Compound) binds KCNJ11 (Gene)
Glimepiride (Compound) is included by Sulfonylurea Compounds (Pharmacologic Class)
Glimepiride (Compound) causes Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (Side Effect)
Glimepiride may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Methylcellulose
Glimepiride may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Lipoic acid
Glimepiride may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Chromium picolinate
Glimepiride may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sermorelin