DDInter1055 DDInter649
Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic and the optical S-(-) isomer of racemic [ofloxacin]. It reportedly carries 8 to 128-fold more activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria compared to R-(+)-ofloxacin and remains stereochemically stable following administration (i.e. it does not invert to the inactive isomer). Levofloxacin, along with other quinolones such as [gatifloxacin] and [moxifloxacin], is a member of the third generation of fluoroquinolones, colloquially referred to as the "respiratory quinolones" due to improved activity against gram-positive bacteria commonly implicated in respiratory infections.[A31453,A190756] Levofloxacin was first approved by the FDA in 1996, and was approved in Canada and several South American countries soon after.
Enzalutamide is an androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), both metastatic and non-metastatic. It is a second-generation antiandrogen agent that the FDA approved on August 31, 2012.[L40639, A252667] Although androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the first-line treatment of prostate cancer and remission can be achieved, arising resistance is inevitable, becoming castration-resistant prostate cancer. Until recently, docetaxel is the only treatment available for metastatic CRPC; however, AR inhibitors have been developed for more targeted therapy, although first-generation AR inhibitors like bicalutamide did not substantially increase the survival rate. Second-generation such as enzalutamide is more efficacious due to a higher affinity to AR and no partial agonist activity compared to bicalutamide.[A252667,A252642] Due to a favorable pharmacological profile, a phase 1 study of enzalutamide was initiated in July 2007. Compared to the average time of 10 to 15 years for a drug to go from pre-clinical to clinical studies, enzalutamide was developed relatively rapidly.
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) SELL
SELL {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Pruritus
Pruritus {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Ofloxacin
Ofloxacin {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Sparfloxacin
Sparfloxacin {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Moxifloxacin
Moxifloxacin {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Bicalutamide
Bicalutamide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Mirabegron
Mirabegron {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) SELL
SELL {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Sorafenib
Sorafenib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Pruritus
Pruritus {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Nilutamide
Nilutamide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Enzalutamide (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) upregulates SELL (Gene) and SELL (Gene) is upregulated by Enzalutamide (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Pruritus (Side Effect) and Pruritus (Side Effect) is caused by Enzalutamide (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) resembles Ofloxacin (Compound) and Ofloxacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin (Compound) resembles Sparfloxacin (Compound) and Sparfloxacin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin (Compound) resembles Moxifloxacin (Compound) and Moxifloxacin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Bicalutamide (Compound) and Bicalutamide (Compound) resembles Enzalutamide (Compound)
Levofloxacin (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Mirabegron (Compound) and Mirabegron may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin (Compound) upregulates SELL (Gene) and SELL (Gene) is upregulated by Sorafenib (Compound) and Sorafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide
Levofloxacin (Compound) causes Pruritus (Side Effect) and Pruritus (Side Effect) is caused by Nilutamide (Compound) and Nilutamide (Compound) resembles Enzalutamide (Compound)