DDInter1088 DDInter1376
Loperamide is an anti-diarrheal agent that is available as various over-the-counter products for treating diarrhea. The drug was first synthesized in 1969 and used medically in 1976. It is a highly lipophilic synthetic phenylpiperidine opioid that is structurally similar to opiate receptor agonists such as [diphenoxylate] and [haloperidol]. Due to pharmacological properties, loperamide has been misused and abused to self-manage opioid withdrawal symptoms and to induce euphoria.[A251610, A251625] However, loperamide is associated with a risk for experiencing a range of adverse effects, often life-threatening, if taking for non-therapeutic reasons or at doses higher than the recommended dose.
Ozanimod is a once-daily sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator for the treatment of relapsing Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and inflammatory bowel disease. It was developed by Celgene (now acquired by Bristol-Myers Squibb) and was approved by the FDA on March 26, 2020.[L12573,L12582] The US approval was followed by the approval in Canada on October 2, 2020. In November 2021, ozanimod was also approved by the European Commission for the treatment of adults with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis.[L39377,L39382] MS is a devastating inflammatory disease that often progresses and causes severe neurological, physical, and cognitive effects. Inflammatory bowel disease also a chronic inflammatory condition and can cause persistent abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stools, and vomiting. In clinical trials, Ozanimod has been shown to be well-tolerated and has resulted in a higher decrease in the rate of MS relapses than with intramuscular [interferon beta-1a], a current standard in MS therapy. Studies involving patients with inflammatory bowel disease have also shown promising results.[A189318,A189342]
Loperamide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Methadyl Acetate
Loperamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Dextropropoxyphene
Loperamide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Clofedanol
Loperamide {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
Loperamide {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) SQLE
Loperamide {u} (Compound) is included by {v} (Pharmacologic Class) Opioid Agonists
Loperamide {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) MRPL12
Loperamide {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Nausea
Loperamide {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Cholestyramine
Loperamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Ivacaftor
Loperamide (Compound) resembles Methadyl Acetate (Compound)
Loperamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dextropropoxyphene
Loperamide (Compound) resembles Clofedanol (Compound)
Loperamide (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene)
Loperamide (Compound) upregulates SQLE (Gene)
Loperamide (Compound) is included by Opioid Agonists (Pharmacologic Class)
Loperamide (Compound) downregulates MRPL12 (Gene)
Loperamide (Compound) causes Nausea (Side Effect)
Loperamide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Cholestyramine
Loperamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ivacaftor