DDInter776 DDInter504
Formoterol is an inhaled beta<sub>2</sub>-agonist used in the management of COPD and asthma that was first approved for use in the United States in 2001. It acts on bronchial smooth muscle to dilate and relax airways, and is administered as a racemic mixture of its active (R;R)- and inactive (S;S)-enantiomers. A major clinical advantage of formoterol over other inhaled beta-agonists is its rapid onset of action (2-3 minutes), which is at least as fast as [salbutamol], combined with a long duration of action (12 hours) - for this reason, treatment guidelines for asthma recommend its use as both a reliever and maintenance medication. It is available as a single-entity product [L10986,L11223] and in several formulations in combination with both inhaled corticosteroids [L10995,L10619] and long-acting
Desipramine hydrochloride is a dibenzazepine-derivative tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). TCAs are structurally similar to phenothiazines. They contain a tricyclic ring system with an alkyl amine substituent on the central ring. In non-depressed individuals, desipramine does not affect mood or arousal, but may cause sedation. In depressed individuals, desipramine exerts a positive effect on mood. TCAs are potent inhibitors of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Secondary amine TCAs, such as desipramine and nortriptyline, are more potent inhibitors of norepinephrine reuptake than tertiary amine TCAs, such as amitriptyline and doxepine. TCAs also down-regulate cerebral cortical &beta;-adrenergic receptors and sensitize post-synaptic serotonergic receptors with chronic use. The antidepressant effects of TCAs are thought to be due to an overall increase in serotonergic neurotransmission. TCAs also block histamine-H<sub>1</sub> receptors, &alpha;<sub>1</sub>-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic receptors, which accounts for their sedative, hypotensive and anticholinergic effects (e.g. blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention), respectively. See toxicity section below for a complete listing of side effects. Desipramine exerts less anticholinergic and sedative side effects compared to tertiary amine TCAs, such as amitriptyline and clomipramine. Desipramine may be used to treat depression, neuropathic pain (unlabeled use), agitation and insomnia (unlabeled use) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (unlabeled use).
Formoterol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Promazine
Promazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Formoterol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Protriptyline
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Formoterol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Alimemazine
Alimemazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Formoterol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ADRB1
ADRB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Formoterol {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Diarrhoea
Diarrhoea {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Formoterol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Promazine
Promazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Triflupromazine
Triflupromazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Formoterol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Protriptyline
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Atomoxetine
Atomoxetine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Formoterol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Atomoxetine
Atomoxetine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Protriptyline
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Formoterol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Alimemazine
Alimemazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Promazine
Promazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Formoterol {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Promethazine
Promethazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) and {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Promazine
Promazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Formoterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promazine and Promazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Formoterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Protriptyline and Protriptyline (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Formoterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Alimemazine and Alimemazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Formoterol (Compound) binds ADRB1 (Gene) and ADRB1 (Gene) is bound by Desipramine (Compound)
Formoterol (Compound) causes Diarrhoea (Side Effect) and Diarrhoea (Side Effect) is caused by Desipramine (Compound)
Formoterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promazine and Promazine (Compound) resembles Triflupromazine (Compound) and Triflupromazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Formoterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Protriptyline and Protriptyline (Compound) resembles Atomoxetine (Compound) and Atomoxetine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Formoterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Atomoxetine and Atomoxetine (Compound) resembles Protriptyline (Compound) and Protriptyline (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Formoterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Alimemazine and Alimemazine (Compound) resembles Promazine (Compound) and Promazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Formoterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine and Promethazine (Compound) resembles Promazine (Compound) and Promethazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promazine and Promazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)