DDInter1828 DDInter504
Tolbutamide is an oral antihyperglycemic agent used for the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). It is structurally similar to acetohexamide, chlorpropamide and tolazamide and belongs to the sulfonylurea class of insulin secretagogues, which act by stimulating β cells of the pancreas to release insulin. Sulfonylureas increase both basal insulin secretion and meal-stimulated insulin release. Medications in this class differ in their dose, rate of absorption, duration of action, route of elimination and binding site on their target pancreatic β cell receptor. Sulfonylureas also increase peripheral glucose utilization, decrease hepatic gluconeogenesis and may increase the number and sensitivity of insulin receptors. Sulfonylureas are associated with weight gain, though less so than insulin. Due to their mechanism of action, sulfonylureas may cause hypoglycemia and require consistent food intake to
Desipramine hydrochloride is a dibenzazepine-derivative tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). TCAs are structurally similar to phenothiazines. They contain a tricyclic ring system with an alkyl amine substituent on the central ring. In non-depressed individuals, desipramine does not affect mood or arousal, but may cause sedation. In depressed individuals, desipramine exerts a positive effect on mood. TCAs are potent inhibitors of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Secondary amine TCAs, such as desipramine and nortriptyline, are more potent inhibitors of norepinephrine reuptake than tertiary amine TCAs, such as amitriptyline and doxepine. TCAs also down-regulate cerebral cortical &beta;-adrenergic receptors and sensitize post-synaptic serotonergic receptors with chronic use. The antidepressant effects of TCAs are thought to be due to an overall increase in serotonergic neurotransmission. TCAs also block histamine-H<sub>1</sub> receptors, &alpha;<sub>1</sub>-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic receptors, which accounts for their sedative, hypotensive and anticholinergic effects (e.g. blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention), respectively. See toxicity section below for a complete listing of side effects. Desipramine exerts less anticholinergic and sedative side effects compared to tertiary amine TCAs, such as amitriptyline and clomipramine. Desipramine may be used to treat depression, neuropathic pain (unlabeled use), agitation and insomnia (unlabeled use) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (unlabeled use).
Tolbutamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Promazine
Promazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Tolbutamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Protriptyline
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Tolbutamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Alimemazine
Alimemazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Tolbutamide {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C18
CYP2C18 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Tolbutamide {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) IFRD2
IFRD2 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Tolbutamide {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Rash
Rash {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Tolbutamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Promazine
Promazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Triflupromazine
Triflupromazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Tolbutamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Protriptyline
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Atomoxetine
Atomoxetine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Tolbutamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Alimemazine
Alimemazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Promazine
Promazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Tolbutamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Promethazine
Promethazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) and {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Promazine
Promazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Tolbutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promazine and Promazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Tolbutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Protriptyline and Protriptyline (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Tolbutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Alimemazine and Alimemazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Tolbutamide (Compound) binds CYP2C18 (Gene) and CYP2C18 (Gene) is bound by Desipramine (Compound)
Tolbutamide (Compound) downregulates IFRD2 (Gene) and IFRD2 (Gene) is downregulated by Desipramine (Compound)
Tolbutamide (Compound) causes Rash (Side Effect) and Rash (Side Effect) is caused by Desipramine (Compound)
Tolbutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promazine and Promazine (Compound) resembles Triflupromazine (Compound) and Triflupromazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Tolbutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Protriptyline and Protriptyline (Compound) resembles Atomoxetine (Compound) and Atomoxetine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Tolbutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Alimemazine and Alimemazine (Compound) resembles Promazine (Compound) and Promazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Tolbutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine and Promethazine (Compound) resembles Promazine (Compound) and Promethazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promazine and Promazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)