DDInter1042 DDInter504
Leuprolide is a synthetic 9-residue peptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Unlike the endogenous decapeptide GnRH, leuprolide contains a single D-amino acid (D-leucyl) residue, which helps to increase its circulating half-life from three to four minutes to approximately three hours. As a GnRH mimic, leuprolide is capable of binding to the GnRH receptor (GnRHR) and inducing downstream modulation of both gonadotropin hormone and sex steroid levels. Prolonged activation of GnRHR results in significant downregulation of sex steroid levels, which is primarily responsible for the clinical efficacy of leuprolide in diverse conditions, including advanced prostate cancer, endometriosis, and central precocious puberty.[A203126, A203132] Leuprolide was first approved in 1985 as a daily subcutaneous injection under the tradename
Desipramine hydrochloride is a dibenzazepine-derivative tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). TCAs are structurally similar to phenothiazines. They contain a tricyclic ring system with an alkyl amine substituent on the central ring. In non-depressed individuals, desipramine does not affect mood or arousal, but may cause sedation. In depressed individuals, desipramine exerts a positive effect on mood. TCAs are potent inhibitors of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Secondary amine TCAs, such as desipramine and nortriptyline, are more potent inhibitors of norepinephrine reuptake than tertiary amine TCAs, such as amitriptyline and doxepine. TCAs also down-regulate cerebral cortical &beta;-adrenergic receptors and sensitize post-synaptic serotonergic receptors with chronic use. The antidepressant effects of TCAs are thought to be due to an overall increase in serotonergic neurotransmission. TCAs also block histamine-H<sub>1</sub> receptors, &alpha;<sub>1</sub>-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic receptors, which accounts for their sedative, hypotensive and anticholinergic effects (e.g. blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention), respectively. See toxicity section below for a complete listing of side effects. Desipramine exerts less anticholinergic and sedative side effects compared to tertiary amine TCAs, such as amitriptyline and clomipramine. Desipramine may be used to treat depression, neuropathic pain (unlabeled use), agitation and insomnia (unlabeled use) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (unlabeled use).
Desipramine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Aprindine
Desipramine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Protriptyline
Desipramine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) SLC22A2
Desipramine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) ALDOC
Desipramine {u} (Compound) palliates {v} (Disease) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Desipramine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) HAT1
Desipramine {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Disturbance in sexual arousal
Desipramine (Compound) resembles Aprindine (Compound)
Desipramine (Compound) resembles Protriptyline (Compound)
Desipramine (Compound) binds SLC22A2 (Gene)
Desipramine (Compound) upregulates ALDOC (Gene)
Desipramine (Compound) palliates attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Disease)
Desipramine (Compound) downregulates HAT1 (Gene)
Desipramine (Compound) causes Disturbance in sexual arousal (Side Effect)