DDInter1042 DDInter1543
Leuprolide is a synthetic 9-residue peptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Unlike the endogenous decapeptide GnRH, leuprolide contains a single D-amino acid (D-leucyl) residue, which helps to increase its circulating half-life from three to four minutes to approximately three hours. As a GnRH mimic, leuprolide is capable of binding to the GnRH receptor (GnRHR) and inducing downstream modulation of both gonadotropin hormone and sex steroid levels. Prolonged activation of GnRHR results in significant downregulation of sex steroid levels, which is primarily responsible for the clinical efficacy of leuprolide in diverse conditions, including advanced prostate cancer, endometriosis, and central precocious puberty.[A203126, A203132] Leuprolide was first approved in 1985 as a daily subcutaneous injection under the tradename
Protriptyline hydrochloride is a dibenzocycloheptene-derivative tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). TCAs are structurally similar to phenothiazines. They contain a tricyclic ring system with an alkyl amine substituent on the central ring. In non-depressed individuals, protriptyline does not affect mood or arousal, but may cause sedation. In depressed individuals, protriptyline exerts a positive effect on mood. TCAs are potent inhibitors of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. In addition, TCAs down-regulate cerebral cortical &beta;-adrenergic receptors and sensitize post-synaptic serotonergic receptors with chronic use. The antidepressant effects of TCAs are thought to be due to an overall increase in serotonergic neurotransmission. TCAs also block histamine H<sub>1</sub> receptors, alpha<sub>1</sub>-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic receptors, which accounts for their sedative, hypotensive and anticholinergic effects (e.g. blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention), respectively. See toxicity section below for a complete listing of side effects. Protriptyline may be used for the treatment of depression.
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Maprotiline
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Cyclobenzaprine
Protriptyline {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Cyproheptadine
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2D6
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) MAP7
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) NUP93
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Parotid swelling
Protriptyline {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Metronidazole
Protriptyline {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Cetirizine
Protriptyline {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Pasireotide
Protriptyline (Compound) resembles Maprotiline (Compound)
Protriptyline (Compound) resembles Cyclobenzaprine (Compound)
Protriptyline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cyproheptadine
Protriptyline (Compound) binds CYP2D6 (Gene)
Protriptyline (Compound) upregulates MAP7 (Gene)
Protriptyline (Compound) downregulates NUP93 (Gene)
Protriptyline (Compound) causes Parotid swelling (Side Effect)
Protriptyline may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole
Protriptyline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cetirizine
Protriptyline may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Pasireotide