DDInter576 DDInter504
A carbamate derivative used as an alcohol deterrent. It is a relatively nontoxic substance when administered alone, but markedly alters the intermediary metabolism of alcohol. When alcohol is ingested after administration of disulfiram, blood acetaldehyde concentrations are increased, followed by flushing, systemic vasodilation, respiratory difficulties, nausea, hypotension, and other symptoms (acetaldehyde syndrome). It acts by inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase.
Desipramine hydrochloride is a dibenzazepine-derivative tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). TCAs are structurally similar to phenothiazines. They contain a tricyclic ring system with an alkyl amine substituent on the central ring. In non-depressed individuals, desipramine does not affect mood or arousal, but may cause sedation. In depressed individuals, desipramine exerts a positive effect on mood. TCAs are potent inhibitors of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Secondary amine TCAs, such as desipramine and nortriptyline, are more potent inhibitors of norepinephrine reuptake than tertiary amine TCAs, such as amitriptyline and doxepine. TCAs also down-regulate cerebral cortical &beta;-adrenergic receptors and sensitize post-synaptic serotonergic receptors with chronic use. The antidepressant effects of TCAs are thought to be due to an overall increase in serotonergic neurotransmission. TCAs also block histamine-H<sub>1</sub> receptors, &alpha;<sub>1</sub>-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic receptors, which accounts for their sedative, hypotensive and anticholinergic effects (e.g. blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention), respectively. See toxicity section below for a complete listing of side effects. Desipramine exerts less anticholinergic and sedative side effects compared to tertiary amine TCAs, such as amitriptyline and clomipramine. Desipramine may be used to treat depression, neuropathic pain (unlabeled use), agitation and insomnia (unlabeled use) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (unlabeled use).
Disulfiram {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2E1
CYP2E1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Disulfiram {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) INSIG1
INSIG1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Disulfiram {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) ACAT2
ACAT2 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Disulfiram {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) HAT1
HAT1 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Disulfiram {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Dizziness
Dizziness {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Disulfiram {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2E1
CYP2E1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Amitriptyline
Amitriptyline {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Disulfiram {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) INSIG1
INSIG1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Promazine
Promazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Disulfiram {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) ACAT2
ACAT2 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Promazine
Promazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Disulfiram {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) HAT1
HAT1 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Promazine
Promazine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Disulfiram {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) IFRD2
IFRD2 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Protriptyline
Protriptyline {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Desipramine
Disulfiram (Compound) binds CYP2E1 (Gene) and CYP2E1 (Gene) is bound by Desipramine (Compound)
Disulfiram (Compound) upregulates INSIG1 (Gene) and INSIG1 (Gene) is upregulated by Desipramine (Compound)
Disulfiram (Compound) downregulates ACAT2 (Gene) and ACAT2 (Gene) is upregulated by Desipramine (Compound)
Disulfiram (Compound) downregulates HAT1 (Gene) and HAT1 (Gene) is downregulated by Desipramine (Compound)
Disulfiram (Compound) causes Dizziness (Side Effect) and Dizziness (Side Effect) is caused by Desipramine (Compound)
Disulfiram (Compound) binds CYP2E1 (Gene) and CYP2E1 (Gene) is bound by Amitriptyline (Compound) and Amitriptyline (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Disulfiram (Compound) upregulates INSIG1 (Gene) and INSIG1 (Gene) is upregulated by Promazine (Compound) and Promazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Disulfiram (Compound) downregulates ACAT2 (Gene) and ACAT2 (Gene) is upregulated by Promazine (Compound) and Promazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Disulfiram (Compound) downregulates HAT1 (Gene) and HAT1 (Gene) is downregulated by Promazine (Compound) and Promazine (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)
Disulfiram (Compound) downregulates IFRD2 (Gene) and IFRD2 (Gene) is downregulated by Protriptyline (Compound) and Protriptyline (Compound) resembles Desipramine (Compound)