DDInter542 DDInter1607
Dicoumarol is an oral anticoagulant agent that works by interfering with the metabolism of vitamin K. In addition to its clinical use, it is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.
Ritonavir is an HIV protease inhibitor that interferes with the reproductive cycle of HIV. Although it was initially developed as an independent antiviral agent, it has been shown to possess advantageous properties in combination regimens with low-dose ritonavir and other protease inhibitors. It is now more commonly used as a booster of other protease inhibitors and is available in both liquid formulations and as capsules. While ritonavir is not an active antiviral agent against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, it is added in combination therapies indicated for the treatment of HCV infections as a booster. Ritonavir is a potent CYP3A inhibitor that increases peak and trough plasma drug concentrations of other protease inhibitors such as and overall drug exposure. American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines recommend ritonavir-boosted combination therapies as first-line therapy for HCV Genotype 1a/b and 4 treatment-naïve patients with or without cirrhosis. Ritonavir is found in a fixed-dose combination product with , , and as the FDA-approved product Viekira Pak. First approved in December 2014, Viekira Pak is indicated for the treatment of HCV genotype 1b without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis, and when combined with Ribavirin for the treatment of HCV genotype 1a without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis. Ritonavir is also available as a fixed-dose combination product with and as the FDA- and Health Canada-approved product Technivie. First approved in July 2015, Technivie is indicated in combination with Ribavirin for the treatment of patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis. In Canada, ritonavir is also available as a fixed-dose combination product with , , and as the Health Canada-approved, commercially available product Holkira Pak. First approved in January 2015, Holkira Pak is indicated for the treatment of HCV genotype 1b with or without cirrhosis, and when combined with Ribavirin for the treatment of HCV genotype 1a with or without cirrhosis. The inclusion of ritonavir can select for HIV-1 protease inhibitor resistance-associated substitutions. Any HCV/HIV-1 co-infected patients treated with ritonavir-containing combination therapies should also be on a suppressive antiretroviral drug regimen to reduce the risk of HIV-1 protease inhibitor drug resistance. Ritonavir is combined with other drugs to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients at risk for progressing into a severe form of the disease, such as [nirmatrelvir].
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C9
CYP2C9 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ritonavir
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Phenprocoumon
Phenprocoumon {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C9
CYP2C9 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ritonavir
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C9
CYP2C9 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Atazanavir
Atazanavir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Ritonavir
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C9
CYP2C9 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Lopinavir
Lopinavir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Ritonavir
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) NQO1
NQO1 {u} (Gene) regulates {v} (Gene) SLC47A1
SLC47A1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ritonavir
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Warfarin
Warfarin {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Atazanavir
Atazanavir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Ritonavir
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) POLR2I
POLR2I {u} (Gene) regulates {v} (Gene) NT5DC2
NT5DC2 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ritonavir
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) POLR2I
POLR2I {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ritonavir
Dicoumarol {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Acenocoumarol
Acenocoumarol {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Haemoglobin
Haemoglobin {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Ritonavir
Dicoumarol (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Ritonavir (Compound)
Dicoumarol (Compound) resembles Phenprocoumon (Compound) and Phenprocoumon (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Ritonavir (Compound)
Dicoumarol (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Atazanavir (Compound) and Atazanavir (Compound) resembles Ritonavir (Compound)
Dicoumarol (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Lopinavir (Compound) and Lopinavir (Compound) resembles Ritonavir (Compound)
Dicoumarol (Compound) binds NQO1 (Gene) and NQO1 (Gene) regulates SLC47A1 (Gene) and SLC47A1 (Gene) is bound by Ritonavir (Compound)
Dicoumarol (Compound) resembles Warfarin (Compound) and Warfarin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Atazanavir and Atazanavir (Compound) resembles Ritonavir (Compound)
Dicoumarol (Compound) downregulates POLR2I (Gene) and POLR2I (Gene) regulates NT5DC2 (Gene) and NT5DC2 (Gene) is downregulated by Ritonavir (Compound)
Dicoumarol (Compound) downregulates POLR2I (Gene) and POLR2I (Gene) is regulated by ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Ritonavir (Compound)
Dicoumarol (Compound) resembles Acenocoumarol (Compound) and Acenocoumarol (Compound) causes Haemoglobin (Side Effect) and Haemoglobin (Side Effect) is caused by Ritonavir (Compound)