DDInter1607 DDInter649
Ritonavir is an HIV protease inhibitor that interferes with the reproductive cycle of HIV. Although it was initially developed as an independent antiviral agent, it has been shown to possess advantageous properties in combination regimens with low-dose ritonavir and other protease inhibitors. It is now more commonly used as a booster of other protease inhibitors and is available in both liquid formulations and as capsules. While ritonavir is not an active antiviral agent against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, it is added in combination therapies indicated for the treatment of HCV infections as a booster. Ritonavir is a potent CYP3A inhibitor that increases peak and trough plasma drug concentrations of other protease inhibitors such as and overall drug exposure. American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines recommend ritonavir-boosted combination therapies as first-line therapy for HCV Genotype 1a/b and
Enzalutamide is an androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), both metastatic and non-metastatic. It is a second-generation antiandrogen agent that the FDA approved on August 31, 2012.[L40639, A252667] Although androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the first-line treatment of prostate cancer and remission can be achieved, arising resistance is inevitable, becoming castration-resistant prostate cancer. Until recently, docetaxel is the only treatment available for metastatic CRPC; however, AR inhibitors have been developed for more targeted therapy, although first-generation AR inhibitors like bicalutamide did not substantially increase the survival rate. Second-generation such as enzalutamide is more efficacious due to a higher affinity to AR and no partial agonist activity compared to bicalutamide.[A252667,A252642] Due to a favorable pharmacological profile, a phase 1 study of enzalutamide was initiated in July 2007. Compared to the average time of 10 to 15 years for a drug to go from pre-clinical to clinical studies, enzalutamide was developed relatively rapidly.
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Enzalutamide
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) is included by {v} (Pharmacologic Class) Cytochrome P450 2C19 Inducers
Cytochrome P450 2C19 Inducers {u} (Pharmacologic Class) includes {v} (Compound) Enzalutamide
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Pruritus
Pruritus {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Enzalutamide
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Atazanavir
Atazanavir {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Enzalutamide
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Bicalutamide
Bicalutamide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Enzalutamide
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Mirabegron
Mirabegron {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Enzalutamide
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C9
CYP2C9 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Nilutamide
Nilutamide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Enzalutamide
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) is included by {v} (Pharmacologic Class) Cytochrome P450 2C19 Inducers
Cytochrome P450 2C19 Inducers {u} (Pharmacologic Class) includes {v} (Compound) Dabrafenib
Dabrafenib {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Enzalutamide
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Pruritus
Pruritus {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Nilutamide
Nilutamide {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Enzalutamide
Ritonavir {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Injury
Injury {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Nefazodone
Nefazodone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Enzalutamide
Ritonavir (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Enzalutamide (Compound)
Ritonavir (Compound) is included by Cytochrome P450 2C19 Inducers (Pharmacologic Class) and Cytochrome P450 2C19 Inducers (Pharmacologic Class) includes Enzalutamide (Compound)
Ritonavir (Compound) causes Pruritus (Side Effect) and Pruritus (Side Effect) is caused by Enzalutamide (Compound)
Ritonavir (Compound) resembles Atazanavir (Compound) and Atazanavir may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide
Ritonavir (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Bicalutamide (Compound) and Bicalutamide (Compound) resembles Enzalutamide (Compound)
Ritonavir (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Mirabegron (Compound) and Mirabegron may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Enzalutamide
Ritonavir (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Nilutamide (Compound) and Nilutamide (Compound) resembles Enzalutamide (Compound)
Ritonavir (Compound) is included by Cytochrome P450 2C19 Inducers (Pharmacologic Class) and Cytochrome P450 2C19 Inducers (Pharmacologic Class) includes Dabrafenib (Compound) and Dabrafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide
Ritonavir (Compound) causes Pruritus (Side Effect) and Pruritus (Side Effect) is caused by Nilutamide (Compound) and Nilutamide (Compound) resembles Enzalutamide (Compound)
Ritonavir (Compound) causes Injury (Side Effect) and Injury (Side Effect) is caused by Nefazodone (Compound) and Nefazodone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide