DDInter1460 DDInter596
Phenytoin is classified as a hydantoin derivative and despite its narrow therapeutic index, it is one of the most commonly used anticonvulsants.[A33595,A188832,A189219] Since it's introduction about 80 years ago, phenytoin has not only been established as an effective anti-epileptic, but has also been investigated for several other indications such as bipolar disorder, retina protection, and wound healing.[A188826,A188832] Clinicians are advised to initiate therapeutic drug monitoring in patients who require phenytoin since even small deviations from the recommended therapeutic range can lead to suboptimal treatment, or adverse effects.[A189219,A35884] Both parenteral and oral formulations of phenytoin are available on the market.
Doxorubicin is a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius along side with daunorubicin, another cytotoxic agent, in 1970.[A1575,A257709,A257614] Although they both have aglyconic and sugar moieties, doxorubicin's side chain terminates with a primary alcohol group compared to the methyl group of daunorubicin. Although its detailed molecular mechanisms have yet to be understood, doxorubicin is generally thought to exert its effect through DNA intercalation, which eventually leads to DNA damage and the generation of reactive oxygen species. Thanks to its efficacy and broad effect, doxorubicin was approved by the FDA in 1974 to treat a variety of cancer, including but not limited to breast, lung, gastric, ovarian, thyroid, non-Hodgkin’s and Hodgkin’s lymphoma, multiple myeloma, sarcoma, and pediatric cancers.[A1573,A257614,L45231] However, one of the major side effects of doxorubicin is cardiotoxicity, which excludes patients with poor heart function and requires treatment termination once the maximally tolerated cumulative dose is reached.
Phenytoin {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Epirubicin
Epirubicin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Phenytoin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Phenytoin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) MCOLN1
MCOLN1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Phenytoin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Hyperkalaemia
Hyperkalaemia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Phenytoin {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Epirubicin
Epirubicin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) and {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Daunorubicin
Daunorubicin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Phenytoin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Daunorubicin
Daunorubicin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Phenytoin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2B6
CYP2B6 {u} (Gene) covaries with {v} (Gene) ACADS
ACADS {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Phenytoin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) MCOLN1
MCOLN1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Daunorubicin
Daunorubicin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Phenytoin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Hyperkalaemia
Hyperkalaemia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Epirubicin
Epirubicin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Phenytoin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Benzyl Benzoate
Benzyl Benzoate {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Burning sensation
Burning sensation {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Doxorubicin
Phenytoin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epirubicin and Epirubicin (Compound) resembles Doxorubicin (Compound)
Phenytoin (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Doxorubicin (Compound)
Phenytoin (Compound) upregulates MCOLN1 (Gene) and MCOLN1 (Gene) is upregulated by Doxorubicin (Compound)
Phenytoin (Compound) causes Hyperkalaemia (Side Effect) and Hyperkalaemia (Side Effect) is caused by Doxorubicin (Compound)
Phenytoin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epirubicin and Epirubicin (Compound) resembles Daunorubicin (Compound) and Epirubicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Daunorubicin and Daunorubicin (Compound) resembles Doxorubicin (Compound)
Phenytoin (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Daunorubicin (Compound) and Daunorubicin (Compound) resembles Doxorubicin (Compound)
Phenytoin (Compound) binds CYP2B6 (Gene) and CYP2B6 (Gene) covaries with ACADS (Gene) and ACADS (Gene) is upregulated by Doxorubicin (Compound)
Phenytoin (Compound) upregulates MCOLN1 (Gene) and MCOLN1 (Gene) is upregulated by Daunorubicin (Compound) and Daunorubicin (Compound) resembles Doxorubicin (Compound)
Phenytoin (Compound) causes Hyperkalaemia (Side Effect) and Hyperkalaemia (Side Effect) is caused by Epirubicin (Compound) and Epirubicin (Compound) resembles Doxorubicin (Compound)
Phenytoin (Compound) resembles Benzyl Benzoate (Compound) and Benzyl Benzoate (Compound) causes Burning sensation (Side Effect) and Burning sensation (Side Effect) is caused by Doxorubicin (Compound)