DDInter460 DDInter1628
A pyrimidine nucleoside analog that is used mainly in the treatment of leukemia, especially acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytarabine is an antimetabolite antineoplastic agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Its actions are specific for the S phase of the cell cycle. It also has antiviral and immunosuppressant properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p472)
Ruxolitinib, formerly known as INCB018424 or INC424, is an anticancer drug and a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor. It is a potent and selective inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2, which are tyrosine kinases involved in cytokine signalling and hematopoiesis. Myeloproliferative neoplasms, such as myelofibrosis and polycythemia vera, are often characterized by aberrant activation of the JAK-STAT pathway, leading to abnormal blood cell counts and thrombotic complications. By inhibiting JAK1 and JAK2, ruxolitinib works to block the dysregulated cell signalling pathways and prevents abnormal blood cell proliferation. Due to a large number of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms who have JAK2 mutations, ruxolitinib was the first ATP-competitive inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2 ever developed. Ruxolitinib was first approved for the treatment of adult patients with myelofibrosis by the FDA in 2011, followed by EMA's approval in 2012. In 2014, it was approved for the treatment of polycythemia vera in adults who have an inadequate response to or are intolerant of [hydroxyurea] and in 2019, ruxolitinib was approved for use in steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease in adults and children. The topical formulation of ruxolitinib is used to treat atopic dermatitis and vitiligo. It is being investigated for other inflammatory skin conditions. Ruxolitinib has been investigated to treat patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) accompanied by severe systemic hyperinflammation. In phase II clinical trials, ruxolitinib improved chest computed tomography and improved recovery in patients with lymphopenia.[A229713, A229718] However, phase III clinical trials later determined that ruxolitinib was inadequate in meeting its primary endpoint of reducing the number of hospitalized COVID-19 patients who experienced severe complications thus the drug was not approved as a treatment for COVID-19.
Cytarabine {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) hematologic cancer
hematologic cancer {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Cytarabine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Cytarabine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) PLK1
PLK1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Cytarabine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) PTGS2
PTGS2 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Cytarabine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) TCERG1
TCERG1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Cytarabine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) C2CD5
C2CD5 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Cytarabine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) BRCA1
BRCA1 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Cytarabine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) POLB
POLB {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Cytarabine {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) hematologic cancer
hematologic cancer {u} (Disease) is associated with {v} (Gene) JAK1
JAK1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Cytarabine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) PLK1
PLK1 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) LRRK2
LRRK2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Cytarabine (Compound) treats hematologic cancer (Disease) and hematologic cancer (Disease) is treated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Cytarabine (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Cytarabine (Compound) downregulates PLK1 (Gene) and PLK1 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Cytarabine (Compound) upregulates PTGS2 (Gene) and PTGS2 (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Cytarabine (Compound) downregulates TCERG1 (Gene) and TCERG1 (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Cytarabine (Compound) downregulates C2CD5 (Gene) and C2CD5 (Gene) is downregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Cytarabine (Compound) upregulates BRCA1 (Gene) and BRCA1 (Gene) is downregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Cytarabine (Compound) binds POLB (Gene) and POLB (Gene) is downregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Cytarabine (Compound) treats hematologic cancer (Disease) and hematologic cancer (Disease) is associated with JAK1 (Gene) and JAK1 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Cytarabine (Compound) downregulates PLK1 (Gene) and PLK1 (Gene) is regulated by LRRK2 (Gene) and LRRK2 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)