DDInter1853 DDInter1578
Tretinoin, also known as all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), is a naturally occurring derivative of [vitamin A] (retinol). It is an oxidation product in the physiological pathway of vitamin A metabolism. In human circulation, tretinoin is normally found at very low concentrations, approximately 4 to 14 nmol/L. Tretinoin exhibits anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, antioxidant, and free radical-scavenging activities. It has been used in dermatology for many years to treat various skin conditions ranging from acne to wrinkles [A257474,A258185] and activates nuclear receptors to regulate epithelial cell growth and differentiation.[A257474,A257629,A257609] Tretinoin is given orally to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia and topically to treat skin conditions such as acne.[L45389,L34869,L45384]
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is a respiratory disease that is capable of progressing to viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); COVID-19 can be fatal. Like other RNA viruses, SARS-CoV-2 depends on an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) enzyme complex for genomic replication, which can be inhibited by a class of drugs known as nucleoside analogues. Remdesivir (GS-5734) is an adenosine triphosphate analogue first described in the literature in 2016 as a potential treatment for Ebola.[A191379, A222393] Broad antiviral activity of remdesivir is suggested by its mechanism of action, and to date, it has demonstrated _in vitro_ activity against the _Arenaviridae_, _Flaviviridae_, _Filoviridae_, _Paramyxoviridae_, _Pneumoviridae_, and _Coronaviridae_ viral families. Remdesivir activity against the _Coronaviridae_ family was first demonstrated in 2017, leading to considerable interest in remdesivir as a possible treatment for COVID-19.[A191427, A198810] Remdesivir was confirmed as a non-obligate chain terminator of RdRp from SARS-CoV-2 and the related SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and has been investigated in multiple COVID-19 clinical trials.[L12174, L12177] After initially being granted an FDA Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) on May 1st, 2020, remdesivir was fully approved by the FDA for the treatment of COVID-19 on October 22, 2020. Remdesivir is currently marketed under the trademark name VEKLURY by Gilead Sciences Inc. Remdesivir was also approved by the European Commission on July 3, 2020. Remdesivir in combination with [baricitinib] for the treatment of COVID-19, was granted an FDA Emergency Use Authorization on November 19, 2020.
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Isotretinoin
Isotretinoin {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Remdesivir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Isotretinoin
Isotretinoin {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Leflunomide
Leflunomide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Remdesivir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2C9
CYP2C9 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Pioglitazone
Pioglitazone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Remdesivir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Isotretinoin
Isotretinoin {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Enzalutamide
Enzalutamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Remdesivir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Acitretin
Acitretin {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Tioguanine
Tioguanine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Remdesivir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) PPARG
PPARG {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Pioglitazone
Pioglitazone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Remdesivir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Acitretin
Acitretin {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Bexarotene
Bexarotene {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Remdesivir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) PPARD
PPARD {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Pioglitazone
Pioglitazone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Remdesivir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) MYC
MYC {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Pioglitazone
Pioglitazone {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Remdesivir
Tretinoin {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) MYC
MYC {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Simvastatin
Simvastatin {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Remdesivir
Tretinoin (Compound) resembles Isotretinoin (Compound) and Iso
Tretinoin (Compound) resembles Isotretinoin (Compound) and Isotretinoin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Leflunomide and Leflunomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Remdesivir
Tretinoin (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Pioglitazone (Compound) and Pioglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Remdesivir
Tretinoin (Compound) resembles Isotretinoin (Compound) and Isotretinoin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide and Enzalutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Remdesivir
Tretinoin (Compound) resembles Acitretin (Compound) and Acitretin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tioguanine and Tioguanine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Remdesivir
Tretinoin (Compound) upregulates PPARG (Gene) and PPARG (Gene) is bound by Pioglitazone (Compound) and Pioglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Remdesivir
Tretinoin (Compound) resembles Acitretin (Compound) and Acitretin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bexarotene and Bexarotene may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Remdesivir
Tretinoin (Compound) upregulates PPARD (Gene) and PPARD (Gene) is upregulated by Pioglitazone (Compound) and Pioglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Remdesivir
Tretinoin (Compound) downregulates MYC (Gene) and MYC (Gene) is upregulated by Pioglitazone (Compound) and Pioglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Remdesivir
Tretinoin (Compound) downregulates MYC (Gene) and MYC (Gene) is downregulated by Simvastatin (Compound) and Simvastatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Remdesivir