DDInter1042 DDInter1918
Leuprolide is a synthetic 9-residue peptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Unlike the endogenous decapeptide GnRH, leuprolide contains a single D-amino acid (D-leucyl) residue, which helps to increase its circulating half-life from three to four minutes to approximately three hours. As a GnRH mimic, leuprolide is capable of binding to the GnRH receptor (GnRHR) and inducing downstream modulation of both gonadotropin hormone and sex steroid levels. Prolonged activation of GnRHR results in significant downregulation of sex steroid levels, which is primarily responsible for the clinical efficacy of leuprolide in diverse conditions, including advanced prostate cancer, endometriosis, and central precocious puberty.[A203126, A203132] Leuprolide was first approved in 1985 as a daily subcutaneous injection under the tradename
Vardenafil is a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) and an oral therapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.[L45563,L45568] During sexual stimulation, nitric oxide (NO) is released from nerve endings and endothelial cells in the corpus cavernosum, activating the enzyme guanylate cyclase and increasing the synthesis of cGMP in the smooth muscle cells of the corpus cavernosum. PDE5 inhibitors, such as vardenafil, inhibit the degradation of cGMP and allow increased blood flow into the penis, resulting in an erection.[A258303,L45563,L45568]. Compared to [sildenafil] and [tadalafil], vardenafil is a more potent inhibitor of PDE5; however, its selectivity for other PDE isoforms is lower than the one detected for tadalafil. The FDA approved the use of vardenafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in 2003. Although other PDE5 inhibitors such as [sildenafil] and [tadalafil] have been associated with rare cases of acute liver injury, the use of vardenafil has not been linked to hepatotoxic effects. The use of vardenafil as a monotherapy for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension has also been evaluated.
Vardenafil {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Sildenafil
Vardenafil {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Udenafil
Vardenafil {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
Vardenafil {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) ABCC5
Vardenafil {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) RNH1
Vardenafil {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Amnesia
Vardenafil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Metronidazole
Vardenafil {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Palonosetron
Vardenafil {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Hydroxychloroquine
Vardenafil {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v} Cisapride
Vardenafil (Compound) resembles Sildenafil (Compound)
Vardenafil (Compound) resembles Udenafil (Compound)
Vardenafil (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene)
Vardenafil (Compound) upregulates ABCC5 (Gene)
Vardenafil (Compound) downregulates RNH1 (Gene)
Vardenafil (Compound) causes Amnesia (Side Effect)
Vardenafil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metronidazole
Vardenafil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Palonosetron
Vardenafil may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Hydroxychloroquine
Vardenafil may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cisapride