DDInter466 DDInter1628
A compound composed of a two cyclic peptides attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from streptomyces parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)
Ruxolitinib, formerly known as INCB018424 or INC424, is an anticancer drug and a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor. It is a potent and selective inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2, which are tyrosine kinases involved in cytokine signalling and hematopoiesis. Myeloproliferative neoplasms, such as myelofibrosis and polycythemia vera, are often characterized by aberrant activation of the JAK-STAT pathway, leading to abnormal blood cell counts and thrombotic complications. By inhibiting JAK1 and JAK2, ruxolitinib works to block the dysregulated cell signalling pathways and prevents abnormal blood cell proliferation. Due to a large number of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms who have JAK2 mutations, ruxolitinib was the first ATP-competitive inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2 ever developed. Ruxolitinib was first approved for the treatment of adult patients with myelofibrosis by the FDA in 2011, followed by EMA's approval in 2012. In 2014, it was approved for the treatment of polycythemia vera in adults who have an inadequate response to or are intolerant of [hydroxyurea] and in 2019, ruxolitinib was approved for use in steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease in adults and children. The topical formulation of ruxolitinib is used to treat atopic dermatitis and vitiligo. It is being investigated for other inflammatory skin conditions. Ruxolitinib has been investigated to treat patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) accompanied by severe systemic hyperinflammation. In phase II clinical trials, ruxolitinib improved chest computed tomography and improved recovery in patients with lymphopenia.[A229713, A229718] However, phase III clinical trials later determined that ruxolitinib was inadequate in meeting its primary endpoint of reducing the number of hospitalized COVID-19 patients who experienced severe complications thus the drug was not approved as a treatment for COVID-19.
Dactinomycin {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) PLK1
PLK1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dactinomycin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) PHKG2
PHKG2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dactinomycin {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) FOXJ3
FOXJ3 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dactinomycin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) KIAA0753
KIAA0753 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dactinomycin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) DNM1
DNM1 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dactinomycin {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) BLCAP
BLCAP {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dactinomycin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Anaemia
Anaemia {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dactinomycin {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) DYRK1A
DYRK1A {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) and {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dactinomycin {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) PLK1
PLK1 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) LRRK2
LRRK2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dactinomycin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) PHKG2
PHKG2 {u} (Gene) regulates {v} (Gene) FOXJ3
FOXJ3 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dactinomycin (Compound) downregulates PLK1 (Gene) and PLK1 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dactinomycin (Compound) upregulates PHKG2 (Gene) and PHKG2 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dactinomycin (Compound) downregulates FOXJ3 (Gene) and FOXJ3 (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dactinomycin (Compound) upregulates KIAA0753 (Gene) and KIAA0753 (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dactinomycin (Compound) upregulates DNM1 (Gene) and DNM1 (Gene) is downregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dactinomycin (Compound) downregulates BLCAP (Gene) and BLCAP (Gene) is downregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dactinomycin (Compound) causes Anaemia (Side Effect) and Anaemia (Side Effect) is caused by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dactinomycin (Compound) downregulates DYRK1A (Gene) and DYRK1A (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound) and DYRK1A (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dactinomycin (Compound) downregulates PLK1 (Gene) and PLK1 (Gene) is regulated by LRRK2 (Gene) and LRRK2 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dactinomycin (Compound) upregulates PHKG2 (Gene) and PHKG2 (Gene) regulates FOXJ3 (Gene) and FOXJ3 (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)