DDInter1140 DDInter1008
Malaria is a protozoan disease that places an enormous burden on human health in endemic areas around the world. The 2020 World Health Organization malaria report indicates a 60% decrease in the global malaria fatality rate between 2000 to 2019. Despite this, malaria remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality; 90% of deaths from malaria occur in Africa. Individuals at the highest risk for malaria are those in disease naïve populations, children under age 5, refugees in Central and Eastern Africa, nonimmune civilian and military travelers, pregnant women, and immigrants traveling to their place of origin. Mefloquine, commonly known as Lariam, is an antimalarial drug used for the prevention and treatment of malaria caused by infection with Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum. The drug was initially discovered by the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) during a malaria drug discovery program between 196
Ketoconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent used in the prevention and treatment of a variety of fungal infections.[FDA Label] It functions by preventing the synthesis of ergosterol, the fungal equivalent of cholesterol, thereby increasing membrane fluidity and preventing growth of the fungus.[A181802,T116] Ketoconazole was first approved in an oral formulation for systemic use by the FDA in 1981. At this time it was considered a significant improvement over previous antifungals, [miconazole] and [clotrimazole], due to its broad spectrum and good absorption. However, it was discovered that ketoconazole produces frequent gastrointestinal side effects and dose-related hepatitis.[A188054,A188057] These effects combined with waning efficacy led to its eventual replacement by triazole agents, [fluconazole], [itraconazole], [voriconazole], and [posaconazole]. Ketoconazole and its predecessor [clotrimazole] continue to be used in topical formulations.
Mefloquine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Posaconazole
Posaconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Mefloquine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Mefloquine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) INSIG1
INSIG1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Mefloquine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) ALAS1
ALAS1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Mefloquine {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Hypersensitivity
Hypersensitivity {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Mefloquine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Posaconazole
Posaconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Itraconazole
Itraconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Mefloquine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Itraconazole
Itraconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Mefloquine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) INSIG1
INSIG1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Itraconazole
Itraconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Mefloquine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) HMGCS1
HMGCS1 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) SLC35F2
SLC35F2 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Mefloquine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) DDIT4
DDIT4 {u} (Gene) regulates {v} (Gene) ALAS1
ALAS1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Mefloquine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Posaconazole and Posaconazole (Compound) resembles Ketoconazole (Compound)
Mefloquine (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Ketoconazole (Compound)
Mefloquine (Compound) upregulates INSIG1 (Gene) and INSIG1 (Gene) is upregulated by Ketoconazole (Compound)
Mefloquine (Compound) downregulates ALAS1 (Gene) and ALAS1 (Gene) is upregulated by Ketoconazole (Compound)
Mefloquine (Compound) causes Hypersensitivity (Side Effect) and Hypersensitivity (Side Effect) is caused by Ketoconazole (Compound)
Mefloquine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Posaconazole and Posaconazole (Compound) resembles Itraconazole (Compound) and Itraconazole (Compound) resembles Ketoconazole (Compound)
Mefloquine (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Itraconazole (Compound) and Itraconazole (Compound) resembles Ketoconazole (Compound)
Mefloquine (Compound) upregulates INSIG1 (Gene) and INSIG1 (Gene) is upregulated by Itraconazole (Compound) and Itraconazole (Compound) resembles Ketoconazole (Compound)
Mefloquine (Compound) upregulates HMGCS1 (Gene) and HMGCS1 (Gene) is regulated by SLC35F2 (Gene) and SLC35F2 (Gene) is downregulated by Ketoconazole (Compound)
Mefloquine (Compound) upregulates DDIT4 (Gene) and DDIT4 (Gene) regulates ALAS1 (Gene) and ALAS1 (Gene) is upregulated by Ketoconazole (Compound)