DDInter1008 DDInter1595
Ketoconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent used in the prevention and treatment of a variety of fungal infections.[FDA Label] It functions by preventing the synthesis of ergosterol, the fungal equivalent of cholesterol, thereby increasing membrane fluidity and preventing growth of the fungus.[A181802,T116] Ketoconazole was first approved in an oral formulation for systemic use by the FDA in 1981. At this time it was considered a significant improvement over previous antifungals, [miconazole] and [clotrimazole], due to its broad spectrum and good absorption. However, it was discovered that ketoconazole produces frequent gastrointestinal side effects and dose-related hepatitis.[A188054,A188057] These effects combined with waning efficacy led to its eventual replacement by triazole agents, [fluconazole], [itraconazole], [voriconazole], and [posaconazole]. Ketoconazole and its predecessor [clotrimazole] continue
Rilpivirine is non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) which is used for the treatment of HIV-1 infections in treatment-naive patients. It is a diarylpyrimidine derivative. The internal conformational flexibility of rilpivirine and the plasticity of it interacting binding site gives it a very high potency and reduces the chance of resistance compared to other NNRTI's. Rilpivirine was developed by Tilbotec, Inc. and FDA approved on May 20, 2011. On November 21, 2017, Rilpivirine, in combination with [dolutegravir], was approved as part of the first complete treatment regimen with only two drugs for the treatment of adults with HIV-1 named Juluca. Rilpivirine in combination with [cabotegravir] was granted FDA approval on 21 January 2021. While previously administered once-monthly only, this combination product was granted FDA approval for dosing every two months on February 01, 2022 and without the need for an oral lead-in period prior.
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Immune system disorder
Immune system disorder {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Etravirine
Etravirine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2B6
CYP2B6 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Loperamide
Loperamide {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Immune system disorder
Immune system disorder {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Etravirine
Etravirine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Hepatotoxicity
Hepatotoxicity {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Zafirlukast
Zafirlukast {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Itraconazole
Itraconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Metronidazole
Metronidazole {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Immune system disorder
Immune system disorder {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Metronidazole
Metronidazole {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Terconazole
Terconazole {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Vomiting
Vomiting {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Rilpivirine (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Immune system disorder (Side Effect) and Immune system disorder (Side Effect) is caused by Rilpivirine (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Etravirine (Compound) and Etravirine (Compound) resembles Rilpivirine (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP2B6 (Gene) and CYP2B6 (Gene) is bound by Loperamide (Compound) and Loperamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Immune system disorder (Side Effect) and Immune system disorder (Side Effect) is caused by Etravirine (Compound) and Etravirine (Compound) resembles Rilpivirine (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Hepatotoxicity (Side Effect) and Hepatotoxicity (Side Effect) is caused by Zafirlukast (Compound) and Zafirlukast may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Itraconazole (Compound) and Itraconazole (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Rilpivirine (Compound)
Ketoconazole (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Metronidazole (Compound) and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole (Compound) causes Immune system disorder (Side Effect) and Immune system disorder (Side Effect) is caused by Metronidazole (Compound) and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Rilpivirine
Ketoconazole (Compound) resembles Terconazole (Compound) and Terconazole (Compound) causes Vomiting (Side Effect) and Vomiting (Side Effect) is caused by Rilpivirine (Compound)