DDInter513 DDInter1628
Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like [hydrocortisone] and [prednisolone]. Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.
Ruxolitinib, formerly known as INCB018424 or INC424, is an anticancer drug and a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor. It is a potent and selective inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2, which are tyrosine kinases involved in cytokine signalling and hematopoiesis. Myeloproliferative neoplasms, such as myelofibrosis and polycythemia vera, are often characterized by aberrant activation of the JAK-STAT pathway, leading to abnormal blood cell counts and thrombotic complications. By inhibiting JAK1 and JAK2, ruxolitinib works to block the dysregulated cell signalling pathways and prevents abnormal blood cell proliferation. Due to a large number of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms who have JAK2 mutations, ruxolitinib was the first ATP-competitive inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2 ever developed. Ruxolitinib was first approved for the treatment of adult patients with myelofibrosis by the FDA in 2011, followed by EMA's approval in 2012. In 2014, it was approved for the treatment of polycythemia vera in adults who have an inadequate response to or are intolerant of [hydroxyurea] and in 2019, ruxolitinib was approved for use in steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease in adults and children. The topical formulation of ruxolitinib is used to treat atopic dermatitis and vitiligo. It is being investigated for other inflammatory skin conditions. Ruxolitinib has been investigated to treat patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) accompanied by severe systemic hyperinflammation. In phase II clinical trials, ruxolitinib improved chest computed tomography and improved recovery in patients with lymphopenia.[A229713, A229718] However, phase III clinical trials later determined that ruxolitinib was inadequate in meeting its primary endpoint of reducing the number of hospitalized COVID-19 patients who experienced severe complications thus the drug was not approved as a treatment for COVID-19.
Dexamethasone {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) hematologic cancer
hematologic cancer {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dexamethasone {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dexamethasone {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) DUSP4
DUSP4 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dexamethasone {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) PTGS2
PTGS2 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dexamethasone {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) NFKBIA
NFKBIA {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dexamethasone {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) BLCAP
BLCAP {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dexamethasone {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) CDC45
CDC45 {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dexamethasone {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Fatigue
Fatigue {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dexamethasone {u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease) hematologic cancer
hematologic cancer {u} (Disease) is associated with {v} (Gene) JAK1
JAK1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dexamethasone {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) DUSP4
DUSP4 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) RET
RET {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ruxolitinib
Dexamethasone (Compound) treats hematologic cancer (Disease) and hematologic cancer (Disease) is treated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dexamethasone (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dexamethasone (Compound) downregulates DUSP4 (Gene) and DUSP4 (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dexamethasone (Compound) binds PTGS2 (Gene) and PTGS2 (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dexamethasone (Compound) upregulates NFKBIA (Gene) and NFKBIA (Gene) is upregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dexamethasone (Compound) upregulates BLCAP (Gene) and BLCAP (Gene) is downregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dexamethasone (Compound) downregulates CDC45 (Gene) and CDC45 (Gene) is downregulated by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dexamethasone (Compound) causes Fatigue (Side Effect) and Fatigue (Side Effect) is caused by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dexamethasone (Compound) treats hematologic cancer (Disease) and hematologic cancer (Disease) is associated with JAK1 (Gene) and JAK1 (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)
Dexamethasone (Compound) downregulates DUSP4 (Gene) and DUSP4 (Gene) is regulated by RET (Gene) and RET (Gene) is bound by Ruxolitinib (Compound)