DDInter596 DDInter1008
Doxorubicin is a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius along side with daunorubicin, another cytotoxic agent, in 1970.[A1575,A257709,A257614] Although they both have aglyconic and sugar moieties, doxorubicin's side chain terminates with a primary alcohol group compared to the methyl group of daunorubicin. Although its detailed molecular mechanisms have yet to be understood, doxorubicin is generally thought to exert its effect through DNA intercalation, which eventually leads to DNA damage and the generation of reactive oxygen species. Thanks to its efficacy and broad effect, doxorubicin was approved by the FDA in 1974 to treat a variety of cancer, including but not limited to breast, lung, gastric, ovarian, thyroid, non-Hodgkin’s and Hodgkin’s lymphoma, multiple myel
Ketoconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent used in the prevention and treatment of a variety of fungal infections.[FDA Label] It functions by preventing the synthesis of ergosterol, the fungal equivalent of cholesterol, thereby increasing membrane fluidity and preventing growth of the fungus.[A181802,T116] Ketoconazole was first approved in an oral formulation for systemic use by the FDA in 1981. At this time it was considered a significant improvement over previous antifungals, [miconazole] and [clotrimazole], due to its broad spectrum and good absorption. However, it was discovered that ketoconazole produces frequent gastrointestinal side effects and dose-related hepatitis.[A188054,A188057] These effects combined with waning efficacy led to its eventual replacement by triazole agents, [fluconazole], [itraconazole], [voriconazole], and [posaconazole]. Ketoconazole and its predecessor [clotrimazole] continue to be used in topical formulations.
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) DDIT4
DDIT4 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) ALDOC
ALDOC {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) DHCR7
DHCR7 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Hypersensitivity
Hypersensitivity {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Itraconazole
Itraconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) DDIT4
DDIT4 {u} (Gene) regulates {v} (Gene) ALAS1
ALAS1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) ALDOC
ALDOC {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) DHCR7
DHCR7 {u} (Gene) regulates {v} (Gene) HMGCR
HMGCR {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Doxorubicin {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Hypersensitivity
Hypersensitivity {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Itraconazole
Itraconazole {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Ketoconazole
Doxorubicin (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Ketoconazole (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) downregulates DDIT4 (Gene) and DDIT4 (Gene) is upregulated by Ketoconazole (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) upregulates ALDOC (Gene) and ALDOC (Gene) is upregulated by Ketoconazole (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) binds DHCR7 (Gene) and DHCR7 (Gene) is upregulated by Ketoconazole (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) causes Hypersensitivity (Side Effect) and Hypersensitivity (Side Effect) is caused by Ketoconazole (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Itraconazole (Compound) and Itraconazole (Compound) resembles Ketoconazole (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) downregulates DDIT4 (Gene) and DDIT4 (Gene) regulates ALAS1 (Gene) and ALAS1 (Gene) is upregulated by Ketoconazole (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) upregulates ALDOC (Gene) and ALDOC (Gene) is regulated by ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Ketoconazole (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) binds DHCR7 (Gene) and DHCR7 (Gene) regulates HMGCR (Gene) and HMGCR (Gene) is upregulated by Ketoconazole (Compound)
Doxorubicin (Compound) causes Hypersensitivity (Side Effect) and Hypersensitivity (Side Effect) is caused by Itraconazole (Compound) and Itraconazole (Compound) resembles Ketoconazole (Compound)