DDInter458 DDInter1928
Cyclosporine is a calcineurin inhibitor known for its immunomodulatory properties that prevent organ transplant rejection and treat various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. It is isolated from the fungus _Beauveria nivea_. Initially manufactured by Sandoz and approved for use by the FDA in 1983, cyclosporine is now available in various products by Novartis (previously known as Sandoz).[L11097,L3734,L11118]
Verapamil is a phenylalkylamine calcium channel blocker used in the treatment of high blood pressure, heart arrhythmias, and angina, and was the first calcium channel antagonist to be introduced into therapy in the early 1960s. It is a member of the non-dihydropyridine class of calcium channel blockers, which includes drugs like [diltiazem] and [flunarizine], but is chemically unrelated to other cardioactive medications. Verapamil is administered as a racemic mixture containing equal amounts of the S- and R-enantiomer, each of which is pharmacologically distinct - the S-enantiomer carries approximately 20-fold greater potency than the R-enantiomer, but is metabolized at a higher rate.
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB11
ABCB11 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Verapamil
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) SESN1
SESN1 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Verapamil
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Diarrhoea
Diarrhoea {u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound) Verapamil
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB11
ABCB11 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Cimetidine
Cimetidine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Verapamil
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP2D6
CYP2D6 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Morphine
Morphine {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Verapamil
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCC1
ABCC1 {u} (Gene) is associated with {v} (Disease) hypertension
hypertension {u} (Disease) is treated by {v} (Compound) Verapamil
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) SLCO1A2
SLCO1A2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Ibuprofen
Ibuprofen {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Verapamil
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCG2
ABCG2 {u} (Gene) regulates {v} (Gene) AGR2
AGR2 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Verapamil
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A4
CYP3A4 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Tofisopam
Tofisopam {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Verapamil
Cyclosporine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) SESN1
SESN1 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) KCNJ11
KCNJ11 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Verapamil
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds ABCB11 (Gene) and ABCB11 (Gene) is bound by Verapamil (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) upregulates SESN1 (Gene) and SESN1 (Gene) is upregulated by Verapamil (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) causes Diarrhoea (Side Effect) and Diarrhoea (Side Effect) is caused by Verapamil (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds ABCB11 (Gene) and ABCB11 (Gene) is bound by Cimetidine (Compound) and Cimetidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Verapamil
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds CYP2D6 (Gene) and CYP2D6 (Gene) is bound by Morphine (Compound) and Morphine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Verapamil
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds ABCC1 (Gene) and ABCC1 (Gene) is associated with hypertension (Disease) and hypertension (Disease) is treated by Verapamil (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds SLCO1A2 (Gene) and SLCO1A2 (Gene) is bound by Ibuprofen (Compound) and Ibuprofen may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Verapamil
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds ABCG2 (Gene) and ABCG2 (Gene) regulates AGR2 (Gene) and AGR2 (Gene) is upregulated by Verapamil (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Tofisopam (Compound) and Tofisopam (Compound) resembles Verapamil (Compound)
Cyclosporine (Compound) upregulates SESN1 (Gene) and SESN1 (Gene) is regulated by KCNJ11 (Gene) and KCNJ11 (Gene) is bound by Verapamil (Compound)