DDInter1938 DDInter133
Vincristine is a vinca alkaloid with formula C46H56N4O10 found in the Madagascar periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus. It is used (commonly as the corresponding sulfate salt)as a chemotherapy drug for the treatment of leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloma, breast cancer and head and neck cancer. It has a role as a tubulin modulator, a microtubule-destabilising agent, a plant metabolite, an antineoplastic agent and a drug. It is a methyl ester, an acetate ester, a tertiary alcohol, a member of formamides, an organic heteropentacyclic compound, an organic heterotetracyclic compound, a tertiary amino compound and a vinca alkaloid. It is a conjugate base of a vincristine(2+). It derives from a hydride of a vincaleukoblastine.
Atorvastatin (Lipitor®), is a lipid-lowering drug included in the statin class of medications. By inhibiting the endogenous production of cholesterol in the liver, statins lower abnormal cholesterol and lipid levels, and ultimately reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. More specifically, statin medications competitively inhibit the enzyme hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) Reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid. This conversion is a critical metabolic reaction involved in the production of several compounds involved in lipid metabolism and transport, including cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (sometimes referred to as "bad cholesterol"), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Prescribing statins is considered standard practice for patients following any cardiovascular event, and for people who are at moderate to high risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The evidence supporting statin use, coupled with minimal side effects and long term benefits, has resulted in wide use of this medication in North America.[A181087, A181406] Atorvastatin and other statins including [lovastatin], [pravastatin], [rosuvastatin], [fluvastatin], and [simvastatin] are considered first-line treatment options for dyslipidemia.[A181087, A181406] The increasing use of this class of drugs is largely attributed to the rise in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (such as heart attack, atherosclerosis, angina, peripheral artery disease, and stroke) in many countries. An elevated cholesterol level (elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in particular) is a significant risk factor for the development of CVD.[A181087,A181553] Several landmark studies demonstrate that the use of statins is associated with both a reduction in LDL levels and CVD risk.[A181090,A181093,A181096,A181427,A181475,A181538] Statins were shown to reduce the incidences of all-cause mortality, including fatal and non-fatal CVD, as well as the need for surgical revascularization or angioplasty following a heart attack.[A181087, A181406] Some evidence has shown that even for low-risk individuals (with <10% risk of a major vascular event occurring within five years) statin use leads to a 20%-22% relative reduction in the number of major cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke, coronary revascularization, and coronary death) for every 1 mmol/L reduction in LDL without any significant side effects or risks.[A181397, A181403] Atorvastatin was first synthesized in 1985 by Dr. Bruce Roth and approved by the FDA in 1996. It is a pentasubstituted pyrrole formed by two contrasting moieties with an achiral heterocyclic core unit and a 3,5-dihydroxypentanoyl side chain identical to its parent compound. Unlike other members of the statin group, atorvastatin is an active compound and therefore does not require activation.
Vincristine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Vincristine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) ABCC5
ABCC5 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Vincristine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) CDKN1A
CDKN1A {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Vincristine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) DDIT4
DDIT4 {u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Vincristine {u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene) PCNA
PCNA {u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Vincristine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Vinblastine
Vinblastine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Atorvastatin
Vincristine {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Vinorelbine
Vinorelbine {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Atorvastatin
Vincristine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) ABCB1
ABCB1 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Pitavastatin
Pitavastatin {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Vincristine {u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene) CYP3A7-CYP3A51P
CYP3A7-CYP3A51P {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Simvastatin
Simvastatin {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Atorvastatin
Vincristine {u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene) ABCC5
ABCC5 {u} (Gene) is regulated by {v} (Gene) ABCC2
ABCC2 {u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound) Atorvastatin
Vincristine (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Atorvastatin (Compound)
Vincristine (Compound) upregulates ABCC5 (Gene) and ABCC5 (Gene) is bound by Atorvastatin (Compound)
Vincristine (Compound) upregulates CDKN1A (Gene) and CDKN1A (Gene) is upregulated by Atorvastatin (Compound)
Vincristine (Compound) downregulates DDIT4 (Gene) and DDIT4 (Gene) is upregulated by Atorvastatin (Compound)
Vincristine (Compound) downregulates PCNA (Gene) and PCNA (Gene) is downregulated by Atorvastatin (Compound)
Vincristine (Compound) resembles Vinblastine (Compound) and Vinblastine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Atorvastatin
Vincristine (Compound) resembles Vinorelbine (Compound) and Vinorelbine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Atorvastatin
Vincristine (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Pitavastatin (Compound) and Pitavastatin (Compound) resembles Atorvastatin (Compound)
Vincristine (Compound) binds CYP3A7-CYP3A51P (Gene) and CYP3A7-CYP3A51P (Gene) is bound by Simvastatin (Compound) and Simvastatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Atorvastatin
Vincristine (Compound) upregulates ABCC5 (Gene) and ABCC5 (Gene) is regulated by ABCC2 (Gene) and ABCC2 (Gene) is bound by Atorvastatin (Compound)