DDInter1042 DDInter1018
Leuprolide is a synthetic 9-residue peptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Unlike the endogenous decapeptide GnRH, leuprolide contains a single D-amino acid (D-leucyl) residue, which helps to increase its circulating half-life from three to four minutes to approximately three hours. As a GnRH mimic, leuprolide is capable of binding to the GnRH receptor (GnRHR) and inducing downstream modulation of both gonadotropin hormone and sex steroid levels. Prolonged activation of GnRHR results in significant downregulation of sex steroid levels, which is primarily responsible for the clinical efficacy of leuprolide in diverse conditions, including advanced prostate cancer, endometriosis, and central precocious puberty.[A203126, A203132] Leuprolide was first approved in 1985 as a daily subcutaneous injection under the tradename
Lactulose is a synthetic disaccharide derivative of lactose that is most commonly used as a laxative agent despite also being formally indicated to serve as an adjunct therapy in treating portal-systemic encephalopathy (PSE).[FDA Label,L6199,L6202] Despite being first synthesized in 1929, investigations regarding its possible use as a laxative for the treatment of chronic constipation did not occur until the 1960s and its first clinical use for treating PSE was not until 1966. Nevertheless, although lactulose received formal FDA approval in 1977 and has since become a readily available generic and brand-name non-prescription medication listed on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines as one of the most effective and safe medicines employed in a health system, data regarding its optimal place in therapy is often ambiguous. Especially considering the use of lactulose as a laxative is typically only considered after lifestyle and dietary modifications fail and the fact that lactulose therapy cannot be ethically withheld from patients diagnosed with PSE in a placebo study, the substance may just be one of many options available for treating constipation and its efficacy in managing PSE may never be formally confirmed or refuted via clinical investigation.
Lactulose {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Kanamycin
Lactulose {u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) Acarbose
Lactulose {u} (Compound) is included by {v} (Pharmacologic Class) Acidifying Activity
Lactulose {u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect) Abdominal discomfort
Lactulose {u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v} Neomycin
Lactulose {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Perflutren
Lactulose {u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} Ofloxacin
Lactulose (Compound) resembles Kanamycin (Compound)
Lactulose (Compound) resembles Acarbose (Compound)
Lactulose (Compound) is included by Acidifying Activity (Pharmacologic Class)
Lactulose (Compound) causes Abdominal discomfort (Side Effect)
Lactulose may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Neomycin
Lactulose may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Perflutren
Lactulose may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ofloxacin