text: Ligands are produced by signaling cells and act as chemical signals that travel steriod hormones (Figure 1). Other hydrophobic hormones include thyroid hormones and vitamin D.. Water-Soluble Ligands. Water-soluble ligands are polar and therefore cannot pass through the plasma membrane unaided; sometimes, they are too large to pass through the membrane at all. Instead, most water-soluble ligands bind to the portion of a cell-surface receptor which is on the outside of the cell. This group of ligands is quite diverse and includes small molecules, peptides (short chains of amino acids),).. REFERENCES. OpenStax, Biology. OpenStax CNX. October 13, 2017.. Feedback/Errata

textbook:
Lesson: The Role of Ligands in Hormone Signaling

Introduction:
Hormones are chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream and regulate various physiological processes in the body. Ligands are molecules that bind to specific receptors on the surface or inside of target cells, triggering a response. In this lesson, we will explore the role of ligands in hormone signaling and their importance in maintaining homeostasis.

Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is that ligands play a crucial role in hormone signaling, and understanding their function can help us appreciate the complexity of the human body's regulatory systems.

Section 1: Understanding Ligands

Topic 1: What are ligands?
Ligands are molecules that bind to specific receptors on the surface or inside of target cells. They can be hormones, neurotransmitters, or other signaling molecules.

Topic 2: How do ligands interact with receptors?
Ligands bind to specific receptors on target cells, activating a response. The interaction between the ligand and the receptor can be either agonistic (activating) or antagonistic (inhibiting).

Topic 3: Types of ligands
There are two main types of ligands: water-soluble and lipid-soluble. Water-soluble ligands are polar and cannot pass through the plasma membrane unaided, while lipid-soluble ligands can easily pass through the membrane.

Section 2: The Role of Ligands in Hormone Signaling

Topic 1: Hormone signaling and homeostasis
Ligands play a vital role in hormone signaling, which helps maintain homeostasis in the body. Hormones are chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream and regulate various physiological processes.

Topic 2: Examples of hormone signaling
One example of hormone signaling is the regulation of blood sugar levels. Insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, lowers blood sugar levels when they become too high. When blood sugar levels are low, another hormone called glucagon is released, which raises blood sugar levels.

Topic 3: The importance of ligands in hormone signaling
Ligands are essential for hormone signaling because they allow for precise control of physiological processes. Without them, the body would not be able to maintain homeostasis effectively.

Section 3: Applying the Concepts

Topic 1: Real-world applications
Understanding the role of ligands in hormone signaling has real-world applications in medicine and biotechnology. For example, drugs that mimic the action of certain hormones can be used to treat hormone-related disorders.

Topic 2: Self-debate discussion
Why is it essential to study the role of ligands in hormone signaling? Some people argue that it is not necessary to understand the complexities of biochemical processes when treating patients. Others believe that a deep understanding of these processes is crucial for developing effective treatments and preventing complications.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, ligands play a crucial role in hormone signaling, allowing for precise control of physiological processes and the maintenance of homeostasis. Understanding their function can help us appreciate the complexity of the human body's regulatory systems and inform real-world applications in medicine and biotechnology.

Glossary:
Ligand: A molecule that binds to a specific receptor on the surface or inside of target cells, triggering a response.

Receptor: A protein on the surface or inside of target cells that binds to a specific ligand, triggering a response.

Homeostasis: The ability of an organism or system to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions.

Hormone: A chemical messenger that travels through the bloodstream and regulates various physiological processes.

Signaling: The process by which cells communicate with one another, often through the release of chemical messengers.

Agonistic: Activating.

Antagonistic: Inhibiting.

Water-soluble: Able to dissolve in water.

Lipid-soluble: Able to dissolve in fats or oils.


text: CUNA wrote this week to support a bill placing limits on Operation Choke Point, an initiative CUNA believes uses broad enforcement tactics that could create unnecessary risks to consumers and the economy. The Financial Institution Consumer Protection Act of 2017 (H.R. 2706) was introduced by Rep. Blaine Luetkemeyer (R-Mo.).. Operation Choke Point is a Department of Justice initiative that allows investigations of financial institutions and payment-processing companies to determine if they have enabled fraudulent activity by serving certain customers or members.. “Credit unions are committed to maintaining the ability to serve their members while strictly following all laws and governing regulations,” wrote CUNA President/CEO Jim Nussle. “H.R. 2706 is a reasonable approach to preventing fraud and maintaining financial integrity without overreaching.. Specifically, H.R. 2706 would:. The bill passed the House in the last Congress by a 250-169 vote. CUNA also backed a Senate version of the bill in the last Congress.

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Credit Unions

## Chapter 1: What are Credit Unions?

### Section 1.1: Definition and Purpose

A credit union is a financial institution that is owned and controlled by its members and operated for the purpose of promoting thrift, providing credit at reasonable rates, and offering other financial services to its members.

### Section 1.2: How do Credit Unions differ from Banks?

Credit unions differ from banks in several ways. Firstly, credit unions are not-for-profit organizations, while banks are profit-making entities. Secondly, credit unions are member-owned, meaning that members share in the profits of the credit union through dividends or reduced fees, while banks are owned by shareholders who receive dividends. Finally, credit unions tend to focus on providing financial services to specific groups, such as employees of a company or members of a community, while banks provide services to anyone who wishes to open an account.

### Section 1.3: Why join a Credit Union?

There are several reasons why someone might want to join a credit union. One reason is that credit unions often offer lower fees and higher interest rates on savings accounts than banks do. Another reason is that credit unions may offer more personalized service, as they are typically smaller and more community-oriented than banks. Additionally, credit unions may offer loans at lower interest rates than banks, making them a more affordable option for borrowing money.

### Section 1.4: How do Credit Unions make money?

Credit unions make money in several ways. One way is by charging fees for services such as checking accounts, loans, and credit cards. Another way is by earning interest on loans and investments. Finally, credit unions may also earn income from the sale of insurance or other financial products.

## Chapter 2: The Importance of Credit Unions

### Section 2.1: Promoting Thrift and Financial Responsibility

One of the primary goals of credit unions is to promote thrift and financial responsibility among their members. By offering low-cost financial products and services, credit unions help members save money and build wealth over time.

### Section 2.2: Providing Access to Affordable Credit

Another important role of credit unions is to provide access to affordable credit. This means that credit unions can offer loans to members at lower interest rates than they might be able to get from a bank or other lender. This helps members to borrow money when they need it without incurring high levels of debt.

### Section 2.3: Supporting Local Communities

Credit unions are often deeply involved in their local communities. They may offer financial education programs, sponsor community events, and support local charities and non-profit organizations. By doing so, credit unions help to build strong and vibrant communities.

## Chapter 3: Operating a Credit Union

### Section 3.1: Governance and Management

Like any other organization, credit unions have a governing body that is responsible for setting policy and ensuring that the credit union operates in accordance with its mission and values. This governing body is typically composed of volunteers who are elected by the membership. The day-to-day operations of the credit union are managed by a team of professionals who are responsible for implementing the policies set by the governing body.

### Section 3.2: Services Offered

Credit unions offer a wide range of financial products and services to their members. These may include checking and savings accounts, loans, credit cards, investment products, and insurance. Credit unions may also offer online banking, mobile banking, and other convenient ways for members to access their accounts and conduct transactions.

### Section 3.3: Regulation and Oversight

Credit unions are subject to regulation and oversight by federal and state authorities to ensure that they operate in a safe and sound manner and in compliance with all relevant laws and regulations. This includes regular examinations by the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), which is the federal agency responsible for overseeing credit unions.

## Glossary

- Credit Union: A financial institution that is owned and controlled by its members and operated for the purpose of promoting thrift, providing credit at reasonable rates, and offering other financial services to its members.
- Bank: A financial institution that accepts deposits, offers loans, and provides various financial services to the public, typically for a profit.
- Shareholder: An individual or entity that owns shares in a company or institution, and therefore has a stake in its profits and success.
- Dividend: A payment made by a company to its shareholders, representing a portion of the company's profits.
- Not-for-profit: An organization that does not operate for the purpose of making a profit, but instead serves a particular social or community need.
- Interest: The amount of money paid by a borrower to a lender for the use of a loan, typically expressed as an annual percentage rate.
- Investment: The act of putting money into something in order to gain a financial return.
- Insured: Protected against loss or damage, typically through the purchase of insurance.
- NCUA: The National Credit Union Administration, an agency of the United States government that regulates and insures credit unions.


text: Information Minister Narendra Modi.. The information minister was talking to a news channel, where he stated that PM Nawas did not need to hold any secret meeting with anyone and that both leaders had held meeting at various occasions in front of media.. He emphasized that it was not possible for any premier to hold any underground meeting since all Prime Ministers of the lead a delegation and have to follow quite unpliant schedule during their tour to any part of the world.. Earlier, the chairman of the PML-N’s rival party PTI had levelled allegations on the prime minister to have held a meeting with his Indian counterpart last year that he did not disclose on the media. Imran Khan raised couple of questions upon the act of holding secret meetings and he also expressed his views regarding building peace between the two countries.

textbook:
Lesson Title: Understanding the Importance of Transparency in Politics

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of transparency in politics. We will explore why it is essential for politicians to be open and honest with the public, and how it helps to build trust and credibility.

Section 1: Why is Transparency Important in Politics?
Transparency is crucial in politics because it allows the public to know what their elected representatives are doing. It helps to prevent corruption and ensures that politicians are accountable for their actions. When politicians are transparent, they build trust with the public, which is essential for maintaining a healthy democracy.

Questions for Discussion:
- Why is transparency important in politics?
- How does transparency help to prevent corruption?
- What is the role of transparency in building trust with the public?

Section 2: Examples of Transparency in Politics
One example of transparency in politics is when politicians release their financial records for public scrutiny. This allows the public to see if there are any conflicts of interest and ensures that politicians are acting in the best interests of their constituents. Another example is when politicians hold town hall meetings to discuss their policies and answer questions from the public. This allows the public to engage with their representatives and understand their positions better.

Questions for Discussion:
- What are some examples of transparency in politics?
- How do financial records help to ensure transparency in politics?
- What is the purpose of town hall meetings in promoting transparency?

Section 3: The Importance of Transparency in Building Peace Between Countries
Transparency is also essential in international relations, particularly when it comes to building peace between countries. When politicians are open and honest about their intentions, it helps to prevent misunderstandings and conflicts. For example, when India and Pakistan held peace talks, both countries were transparent about their goals and objectives, which helped to build trust and credibility.

Questions for Discussion:
- How does transparency promote peace between countries?
- What is the role of transparency in international relations?
- Can you think of any examples where transparency has helped to build peace between countries?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, transparency is an essential value in politics. It helps to prevent corruption, build trust with the public, and promote peace between countries. By being open and honest, politicians can create a more just and fair society for all.

Glossary:
- Transparency: The quality of being easy to see through, open, and honest.
- Accountability: The quality of being able to explain one's actions and decisions to others.
- Corruption: The use of power or influence for illegitimate purposes or to the detriment of the public good.

Self-Debate:
- Do you think that politicians should be more transparent in their dealings? Why or why not?
- Can you think of any instances where a lack of transparency has led to corruption or mistrust in government?


text: Date: 09/04/2016. Location: Auckland. Project: NZ International Convention Centre. Prior to the production ground anchor works commencing, full scale proving trial anchors are required to verify the assumptions made by Grouting Services in relation to the geotechnical ultimate bond rupture. The trial anchors comprise 14No x 15.2mm superstrands (3,570kN UTS) with a 3m bond length and 15m free length all installed in a 150mm diameter drill hole. The maximum force able to safely be applied during tensioning is 85% UTS (the end of the elastic range) or 3,035kN and this allows for testing up to an ultimate bond capacity in excess of 2,000kPa.Contact Us +64 9 837 2510

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering

**Objective:** To introduce students to the basics of geotechnical engineering and its applications in the construction industry.

**Materials:** None

**Introduction:** Geotechnical engineering is the branch of civil engineering that deals with the behavior of soil, rocks, and other earth materials. It involves the study of the physical and mechanical properties of these materials, as well as their interactions with other materials, such as concrete and steel. Geotechnical engineers use this knowledge to design and construct foundations, retaining walls, tunnels, and other structures that are built on or in the ground.

**Section 1: What is Geotechnical Engineering?**

**Topic 1.1: Definition of Geotechnical Engineering**

**Question:** What is geotechnical engineering?

**Answer:** Geotechnical engineering is the branch of civil engineering that deals with the behavior of soil, rocks, and other earth materials. It involves the study of the physical and mechanical properties of these materials, as well as their interactions with other materials, such as concrete and steel.

**Topic 1.2: Applications of Geotechnical Engineering**

**Question:** What are some applications of geotechnical engineering?

**Answer:** Some applications of geotechnical engineering include designing and constructing foundations, retaining walls, tunnels, and other structures that are built on or in the ground. Geotechnical engineers also work on projects such as landslides, earthquake engineering, and environmental contamination.

**Section 2: Soil Mechanics**

**Topic 2.1: Types of Soil**

**Question:** What are the different types of soil?

**Answer:** There are three main types of soil: clay, silt, and sand. Clay soils have small particles that stick together and are very plastic when wet. Silt soils have larger particles that do not stick together as much. Sand soils have even larger particles that do not stick together at all.

**Topic 2.2: Soil Testing**

**Question:** How do geotechnical engineers test soil?

**Answer:** Geotechnical engineers test soil by taking samples and performing various tests on them. These tests can include measuring the soil's strength, density, and water content. They may also perform laboratory tests on the soil to determine its physical and mechanical properties.

**Section 3: Design Considerations**

**Topic 3.1: Load Bearing Capacity**

**Question:** How do geotechnical engineers determine the load-bearing capacity of soil?

**Answer:** Geotechnical engineers determine the load-bearing capacity of soil by performing calculations based on the soil's strength and density. They may also perform laboratory tests to determine the soil's physical and mechanical properties.

**Topic 3.2: Settlement**

**Question:** Why does settlement occur in soil?

**Answer:** Settlement occurs in soil because the weight of a structure causes the soil to compress. This compression can lead to a decrease in the soil's volume, which in turn results in a reduction of the foundation's support.

**Conclusion:** Geotechnical engineering is an important field that involves the study of soil, rocks, and other earth materials. Geotechnical engineers use this knowledge to design and construct foundations, retaining walls, tunnels, and other structures that are built on or in the ground. By understanding the properties of soil and other earth materials, geotechnical engineers can ensure that structures are built on stable foundations and that they will withstand the forces of nature.


text:
On eve of deadline for White House to report to Congress on Khashoggi’s murder, rights groups demand ‘justice for Jamal’

Washington, DC – The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) demanded accountability on Thursday for the murder of Saudi columnist Jamal Khashoggi – a day before the US government is due to report to Congress on the killing.

“The US Congress has rightfully condemned the murder and asked for answers from the Trump administration, which has insisted on doubling down on the ‘special’ relationship with the repressive kingdom and discounted the findings of his own intelligence agency,” Courtney Radsch, CPJ’s advocacy director, said outside the White House.

Khashoggi was killed on October 2, 2018, after entering the Saudi consulate in Istanbul. His body was dismembered and has not been found.

Initially, Saudi Arabia denied any involvement in the killing. But following a series of contradictory statements, the kingdom admitted that a team of Saudi agents killed the writer inside the consulate.

According to media in the United States, the CIA has concluded that Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman (MBS) ordered the murder, an allegation Saudi Arabia has repeatedly denied. The White House has not included the crown prince on a list of sanctioned individuals they believe to have been involved in the murder.

Separately on Thursday, a UN-led inquiry found evidence suggesting the murder was a premeditated killing.

“The evidence presented to us during the mission to Turkey demonstrates a prima facie case that Mr Khashoggi was the victim of a brutal and premeditated killing, planned and perpetrated by officials of the State of Saudi Arabia and others acting under the direction of these state agents,” said UN Special Rapporteur Agnes Callamard, citing the “chilling and gruesome audio material” obtained by Turkish authorities. She said her team has not yet been able to independently authenticate the audio.

‘ISIS-like attack’

Courtney Radsch, advocacy director at CPJ, told Al Jazeera that journalists from the Middle East and elsewhere have expressed concern over their wellbeing following the murder, which she compared to an attack by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, also known as ISIS) “ISIS-like attack”.

190207171824211

Khashoggi “was killed and chopped up in an ISIS-like attack”, she said, adding that the murder, sends a chilling message that “no one is safe from Saudi Arabia’s reach”.

She also called for the release of the 16 journalists and writers held in Saudi prisons, 12 of whom were arrested after MBS became crown prince in June 2017.

CPJ said the US “cannot stand passively on this case, and must draw the line and send a united message to Saudi Arabia” over the murder.

Ahmed Bedier, president of United Voices of America and founder of the Justice for Jamal campaign, said the “mystery” was not who carried out the murder, but “why the US continues to cover up for Saudi Arabia’s sake”.

“It’s time the White House stops providing cover up for Khashoggi’s killers, specifically Mohammed bin Salman,” he said.

The US government has until Friday to submit a report about the killing under the Global Magnitsky Act, which was invoked on October 10, 2017, by a bipartisan group of senators.

Although the White House has sanctioned 17 Saudi individuals for their involvement in the murder, including two top aides to MBS, members of Congress have called for greater action to be taken against the kingdom and its leaders.

The Senate Foreign Relations Committee leaders sent a second letter after the sanctions were announced, specifically asking if MBS ordered Khashoggi’s killing.

Calls for a Congress-led probe

Bedier said if Congress was not happy with Friday’s report, members of Congress should conduct their own investigation into the murder and travel to Turkey to listen to the audio recordings.

181212213728142

He added that members should hold congressional hearings on Saudi Arabia, specifically looking at the US ally’s human rights record and lack of press freedom.

Last year, the Khashoggi killing proved to be a tipping point for several politicians, who had already voiced frustration over US support for the Saudi-UAE war in Yemen.

In December, the Senate passed a non-binding resolution condemning Saudi Arabia for its conduct in Yemen and for Khashoggi’s murder. Politicians have vowed to bring the measure and similar legislation up again this year.

On Wednesday, the House Foreign Affairs Committee advanced a bill that would end US involvement in the Yemen war. The “War Powers” resolution now goes to the House floor for debate.

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Accountability in Journalism

Introduction:
As journalists, it is our duty to seek the truth and hold those in power accountable for their actions. This lesson will explore the importance of accountability in journalism and the role it plays in maintaining a free and open society.

Section 1: What is Accountability in Journalism?
Accountability in journalism refers to the responsibility of journalists to report the news accurately and fairly, without fear or favor. It involves holding powerful individuals and institutions accountable for their actions and decisions.

Why is accountability important in journalism?
- It helps to ensure that the public has access to accurate and reliable information.
- It prevents the abuse of power by those in positions of authority.
- It promotes transparency and encourages public trust in the media.

Section 2: Examples of Accountability in Journalism
- The Watergate scandal: In the early 1970s, Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein exposed the Watergate scandal, which ultimately led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon.
- The Panama Papers: In 2016, the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) released the Panama Papers, which revealed how wealthy individuals and organizations used offshore companies to hide their assets.
- The #MeToo movement: In 2017, journalist Jodi Kantor and her colleague Megan Twohey broke the story of sexual harassment allegations against Hollywood producer Harvey Weinstein. Their reporting sparked a global conversation about sexual assault and harassment.

Section 3: Accountability in Practice
- Ask questions: As journalists, we must ask tough questions and demand answers from those in power.
- Verify information: We must fact-check and verify all information before publishing it.
- Hold ourselves accountable: We must hold ourselves accountable for our mistakes and take corrective action when necessary.

Conclusion:
Accountability is a fundamental principle of journalism. It ensures that the public has access to accurate and reliable information and prevents the abuse of power by those in positions of authority. As journalists, we must always strive to uphold this principle and hold those in power accountable for their actions.


text: First drive: Volkswagen Sharan. Car Enthusiast. 30 June 2015. If you've children to ferry around then a desirable car is one that's practical and sensible. They don't come much more practical and sensible than Volkswagen's updated Sharan. Embrace parenthood, in comfort.. Defeat, or at least an admission that you value usefulness and ease over style and vanity. The Volkswagen Sharan is a wheeled box, a very nice one admittedly, but a useful, practical box that's absolutely perfect for hauling you, your other half and as many as five of your offspring / relations / friends around in. The Sharan has been with us for around 20 years now, and the current one has just been revised. Not that you'd really notice, as the visual revisions are very limited, to new taillights and the like, while the interior gets some new connectivity and the engines greater economy and improved emissions.

textbook:
Title: The Practicality of the Volkswagen Sharan

## Section 1: Introduction

In this lesson, we will learn about the practicality of the Volkswagen Sharan, a car designed for families with children. We will explore its features, benefits, and why it is a desirable choice for parents who value usefulness and ease over style and vanity.

## Section 2: The Practicality of the Volkswagen Sharan

The Volkswagen Sharan is a spacious and versatile car that is perfect for transporting families and their belongings. It has seven seats, which can be arranged in various configurations to suit different needs. The Sharan also has a large boot, which can be extended by folding down the rear seats. This makes it ideal for trips away or for carrying bulky items such as bicycles or prams.

One of the key benefits of the Volkswagen Sharan is its ease of use. The car is easy to drive and park, even in tight spaces. The interior is well designed, with plenty of storage compartments and cup holders. The seats are also very comfortable, making long journeys enjoyable.

Another advantage of the Sharan is its safety features. It comes equipped with a range of advanced safety technologies, including automatic emergency braking, lane departure warning, and blind spot detection. These features help to give parents peace of mind when transporting their children.

## Section 3: Conclusion

In conclusion, the Volkswagen Sharan is a practical and sensible choice for parents who need a spacious and versatile car for their family. Its ease of use, comfort, and safety features make it a desirable option for those who value usefulness and ease over style and vanity. By embracing parenthood, parents can enjoy the comfort and convenience of the Sharan, while safely transporting their children and belongings.

Glossary:
- Car: A vehicle designed for transportation on roads
- Box: A rectangular shape used for storing or transporting things
- Offspring: Children or descendants
- Relations: Family members or acquaintances
- Connectivity: The ability of devices to communicate with each other
- Vanity: Excessive pride in one's appearance or achievements.


text:
Fiberoptic bronchoscopic cryotherapy in the management of tracheobronchial obstruction.
Cryotherapy is used for endoscopic management of tracheobronchial obstruction (TBO). This study describes the use of a flexible cryoprobe for cryotherapy using nitrous oxide as a cryogen through a fiberoptic bronchoscope. The study group consisted of 22 patients, ages ranging from 28 to 82 years. Twenty patients had malignant TBO and two had bronchial obstruction (BO) following lung transplantation. Benign BO was first dilated with a balloon and followed with cryotherapy. Eighteen of the 20 malignant endobronchial lesions were completely removed. In three of these patients, the airway remained occluded due to extrinsic compression. Cryotherapy offers an alternative to Nd:YAG laser in the management of TBO. Cryotherapy offers other advantages such as being inexpensive, safe for the operator, and safe for other members of the team. Similarly for the patient, there is no danger of bronchial wall perforation or endobronchial fires, cryotherapy can be done under local anesthesia with conscious sedation, and it can be performed in an endoscopy suite.

textbook:
Lesson: Fiberoptic Bronchoscopic Cryotherapy
Introduction:
Cryotherapy is a medical procedure that uses extremely cold temperatures to destroy abnormal tissue, such as tumors or other obstructions in the airway. In this lesson, we will learn about fiberoptic bronchoscopic cryotherapy, a technique used to manage tracheobronchial obstruction (TBO).
Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is to understand the use of fiberoptic bronchoscopic cryotherapy in the management of tracheobronchial obstruction.
Section 1: Introduction to Cryotherapy
Cryotherapy is a medical procedure that uses extremely cold temperatures to destroy abnormal tissue, such as tumors or other obstructions in the airway. It is used for endoscopic management of tracheobronchial obstruction (TBO).
Section 2: Fiberoptic Bronchoscopic Cryotherapy
Fiberoptic bronchoscopic cryotherapy is a technique used to manage tracheobronchial obstruction (TBO) using a flexible cryoprobe for cryotherapy with nitrous oxide as a cryogen through a fiberoptic bronchoscope.
Section 3: Indications for Cryotherapy
Cryotherapy is used for endoscopic management of tracheobronchial obstruction (TBO). It is particularly useful in cases where the obstruction is caused by a benign lesion that can be easily removed or a malignant lesion that is not amenable to other treatments such as surgery or radiation therapy.
Section 4: Advantages of Cryotherapy
Cryotherapy has several advantages over other methods of managing TBO. These include:
- Inexpensive: Cryotherapy is relatively inexpensive compared to other methods of managing TBO.
- Safe for the operator: Cryotherapy is safe for the operator because it uses a flexible cryoprobe that is easy to control and manipulate.
- Safe for other members of the team: Cryotherapy is also safe for other members of the team because it does not require the use of high-powered lasers or other potentially dangerous equipment.
Section 5: Disadvantages of Cryotherapy
Despite its advantages, cryotherapy does have some disadvantages. These include:
- Limited effectiveness: Cryotherapy is not effective in all cases of TBO. It is particularly ineffective in cases where the obstruction is caused by a hard, calcified lesion.
- Risk of complications: As with any medical procedure, there is a risk of complications associated with cryotherapy. These can include bleeding, perforation of the airway, and damage to nearby structures such as the esophagus or trachea.
Section 6: Conclusion
In conclusion, fiberoptic bronchoscopic cryotherapy is a useful technique for managing tracheobronchial obstruction (TBO). It offers several advantages over other methods of managing TBO, including its low cost, safety for the operator and other members of the team, and effectiveness in removing benign lesions. However, it is important to carefully consider the potential risks and limitations associated with this procedure before proceeding.
Glossary:
- Cryotherapy: A medical procedure that uses extremely cold temperatures to destroy abnormal tissue, such as tumors or other obstructions in the airway.
- Tracheobronchial obstruction (TBO): A blockage or narrowing of the airway that affects the trachea and bronchi.
- Cryoprobe: A device used to deliver extremely cold temperatures to the target tissue.
- Fiberoptic bronchoscope: A thin, flexible tube with a light and camera on the end that is used to visualize the inside of the airway.
- Nitrous oxide: A colorless, odorless gas that is used as a cryogen in cryotherapy.


text: Pandora Store Locator. Overview. Pandora is a global jewelry brand that offers hand finished women's jewelry at affordable prices. Pandora jewelry offers modern designs made from genuine materials that appeal to women of all ages.. - ShopSleuth’s Pandora Store Locator found 281 store locations in malls and outlets in 43 states. Below is the count of all of these Pandora locations broken down by state. View Pandora Outlet Locations, or view Pandora stores in Top Cities.. - Pandora is ranked #4 out of 102 Women's Accessories stores in the U.S., based on the number of locations.. - Stores like Pandora include: Diamond, Origami Owl, Don Roberto Jewelers, Hannoush Jewelers and Totally Pagoda.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Find a Store Location

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to find a store location using a store locator. We will use the example of finding a Pandora store location.

Section 1: Theory
- A store locator is an online tool that helps you find the nearest store location of a particular brand or business.
- It usually provides the address, phone number, and opening hours of the store.
- You can use a store locator to find a store location when you are traveling or when you want to buy something from a particular brand but don't know where to find it.

Section 2: Practice
- Let's say you want to find a Pandora store location near you. You can go to the Pandora website and click on the "Store Locator" button.
- A new page will open with a search bar. Type in your city or zip code and click on the "Search" button.
- The store locator will show you a list of nearby Pandora stores, along with their addresses, phone numbers, and opening hours.
- You can also filter the results by distance, store type, or services offered.
- Once you have found a store location that suits you, click on the "Directions" button to get directions to the store from your current location.

Section 3: Discussion
- Why is it important to know how to find a store location?
- What other ways can you use to find a store location besides a store locator?

Glossary:
- Store locator: An online tool that helps you find the nearest store location of a particular brand or business.
- Address: A location that includes a street or post office box and a city, state or province and country.
- Phone number: A series of digits, often including an area code, that uniquely identifies a telephone user or station.
- Opening hours: The times during which a store is open for business.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned how to use a store locator to find a store location. We used the example of finding a Pandora store location. We discussed the importance of knowing how to find a store location and other ways to do so. We also defined key terms using a glossary. By applying the skills learned in this lesson, we can find store locations for any brand or business.


text: where are high quality restaurants. high standard, luxury ambiece. 4 Answers. I've heard great things from my friends about Bed Supperclub. Hope that helps almost 8 years agoAnswered by. Ian C via. Travellr.com. Bed's a good one, although for real high quality I'd head to Sirocco on top of the State Tower - truly amazing!. L x over 7 years agoAnswered by. Laura Chesters via. Travellr.com. Try Red Sky on top of Centara grand its brand new and its good.. For good eat then BAAN kanitha , Mango tree or Blue elephant.. Those are authentic thai cuisine. over 7 years agoAnswered by. jim via. Travellr.com. I recommend Nahm. Excellent thai food in an excellent restaurant about 1 year agoAnswered by Juan Garcia via. WorldNomads.com

textbook:
Lesson: How to Find High Quality Restaurants
Introduction:
Finding a high-quality restaurant can be a daunting task, especially if you are not familiar with the local cuisine. However, with the right approach and knowledge, you can easily find a restaurant that meets your expectations. In this lesson, we will explore the different ways to find high-quality restaurants and the criteria to consider when choosing a restaurant.
Section 1: Researching High-Quality Restaurants
Before you start your search for a high-quality restaurant, it is essential to do some research. Here are some ways to find information about restaurants:
- Online Reviews: Online reviews can give you an idea of what to expect from a restaurant. Websites like Yelp, TripAdvisor, and Google Maps allow customers to leave reviews about their experiences at a restaurant. Look for restaurants with a high rating and positive reviews.
- Local Food Blogs: Local food bloggers often write about their experiences at different restaurants. Search for food bloggers in the area you are visiting and read their reviews to get an idea of which restaurants are worth trying.
- Social Media: Social media platforms like Instagram and Twitter are great places to find out about new restaurants. Follow food bloggers, chefs, and restaurants to stay up-to-date on the latest food trends and openings.
Section 2: Criteria for Choosing a High-Quality Restaurant
Once you have done your research, it is time to choose a restaurant. Here are some criteria to consider when choosing a restaurant:
- Type of Cuisine: Decide what kind of food you want to eat. Do you prefer Italian, Thai, or Mexican? Make sure the restaurant serves the type of food you are in the mood for.
- Atmosphere: Consider the atmosphere of the restaurant. Do you want a formal dining experience or a casual meal? Make sure the restaurant's atmosphere matches your mood and occasion.
- Price Range: Determine your budget before choosing a restaurant. Look for restaurants that fit within your price range without sacrificing quality.
- Location: Consider the location of the restaurant. Is it close to your hotel or accommodation? If you are traveling, make sure the restaurant is located in a safe area.
Section 3: Examples of High-Quality Restaurants
Here are some examples of high-quality restaurants in different parts of the world:
- Bangkok, Thailand: Sra Morakot, Gaggan, and Le Bernadin
- New York City, USA: Eleven Madison Park, Per Se, and Blue Hill at Stone Barns
- Paris, France: Osteria Francescana, Arpège, and L'Ambroisie
Conclusion:
Finding a high-quality restaurant can be a fun and exciting experience. By doing your research and considering the criteria mentioned in this lesson, you can easily find a restaurant that meets your expectations. Remember to always trust your instincts and go with your gut feeling when choosing a restaurant.
Glossary:
- Cuisine: A style of cooking or a particular food tradition.
- Atmosphere: The surrounding environment or ambiance of a restaurant.
- Price Range: The range of prices for food and drinks at a restaurant.
- Location: The physical position or site of a restaurant.


text: In honor of Invasive Species Awareness Week, the New York Invasive Species Research Institute has partnered with Cornell Plantations to provide an informational table filled with great fact sheets, brochures and up-to-date information invasive species. The table is located in the lobby of Cornell Plantations’ Nevin Welcome Center and open for visitors Tuesday-Saturday from 9:30am-5pm.. Cornell Plantations and NYISRI will also be co-hosting an Invasive Plant Species Walk led by Botanist Robert Wesley held Wednesday, July 13th at 5PM. This walk is open to people of all ages and interests. Please visit the event page to pre-register.. Other invasive species focused events are happening all across the state this week. Find local events by visiting the New York Invasive Species Awareness Week Blog and Calendar of Events.. In observance of this week, the Governor’s Office has released a proclamation in support of invasive species awareness and prevention..

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Invasive Species

## Section 1: What are Invasive Species?

An invasive species is a type of plant or animal that is not native to a particular area but has been introduced there by humans, either intentionally or accidentally. These species can cause harm to the environment, economy, and human health.

## Section 2: Why do Invasive Species Cause Harm?

Invasive species can cause harm because they often lack natural predators or competitors in their new environment. This means that they can reproduce quickly and outcompete native species for resources such as food, water, and space. As a result, native species may decline or even go extinct, disrupting the balance of the ecosystem.

## Section 3: Examples of Invasive Species

Some examples of invasive species include the zebra mussel, which was introduced to the Great Lakes in the 1980s and has since caused damage to the ecosystem and infrastructure, and the Asian carp, which has invaded the Mississippi River and threatens to displace native fish species.

## Section 4: How can we Prevent the Spread of Invasive Species?

There are several steps we can take to prevent the spread of invasive species:

1. Inspect and clean equipment, clothing, and vehicles before and after entering or leaving an area to avoid transporting invasive species.
2. Buy only native plants and animals for pets or gardens, and never release them into the wild.
3. Support laws and policies that regulate the import and sale of potentially invasive species.
4. Report any suspicious sightings of invasive species to appropriate authorities.

## Section 5: Conclusion

In conclusion, invasive species pose a significant threat to ecosystems and economies around the world. By understanding the causes and consequences of invasive species, we can take steps to prevent their spread and protect our environment.


text: Housing Partnerships. Overview authors of this book propose the development of new markets, called Partnership Markets, that would allow households to use equity finance to buy their homes. With these new markets, a household would be able to finance housing not only with a mortgage, but also with an institutional investor who would provide part of the equity capital for the house in exchange for a share of the ultimate selling price... About the Author. Joseph Tracy is Director of Research at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.. Endorsements. —Robert J. Shiller, Stanley B. Resor Professor of Economics,Yale University. —Ed Glaeser, Paul Sack Associate Professor of Political Economy, Harvard University

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Partnership Markets

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

In this lesson, we will learn about Partnership Markets, which are new markets that allow households to finance their homes using equity finance. This means that instead of just getting a mortgage, a household can also get money from an institutional investor who will provide part of the equity capital for the house in exchange for a share of the ultimate selling price.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's say you want to buy a house that costs $500,000. You can get a mortgage for $400,000, but you still need to come up with the remaining $100,000. In a Partnership Market, an institutional investor could provide $50,000 of that equity capital in exchange for a share of the ultimate selling price. This means that you would only have to come up with $50,000 yourself, making it easier for you to buy the house.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

One example of a Partnership Market is the shared equity model used by the company Unison. In this model, Unison provides homebuyers with up to 20% of the purchase price of a home in exchange for a 10% stake in the property's future appreciation. This allows homebuyers to access more cash upfront without having to take out a larger mortgage.

## Glossary

- Equity: The difference between an asset's market value and any outstanding loans or other obligations against it.
- Institutional Investor: A company or organization that pools money from investors and uses it to purchase securities, real estate, and other assets with the goal of achieving long-term capital appreciation.
- Mortgage: A loan secured by a property that serves as collateral for the loan.
- Partnership Market: A new market that allows households to finance their homes using equity finance.
- Share: A portion or percentage of something, usually referring to ownership or profits.
- Ultimate Selling Price: The final price at which a house is sold.

## Conclusion

In this lesson, we learned about Partnership Markets, which are new markets that allow households to finance their homes using equity finance. We explored practical examples of how this works, such as Unison's shared equity model. By understanding the basics of Partnership Markets, we can begin to see the potential benefits they offer for homebuyers looking to access more cash upfront without taking on larger mortgages.


text: 3DOcean High Quality Classic Football 9455141. 3DOcean High Quality Classic Football 9455141. 3D Model \ Sports \ Court. Juego \ League \ Games \ Game \ Football \ Match \ Model \ World \ Sport \ Soccer. 3D Model - High Quality Classic Football 9455141 by dragosburian @ 3DOcean. 3D Model \ Sports \ Court. 3D File Formats Included: .blend (blender), .obj (multi format); Animated: No; Created In: blender; Geometry: Subdivision; Low-poly: No; Materials: Yes; Poly Count: 19648; Rigged: No; Textured: No; UV Layout: No.!. Used football; High Quality Football; MAZ 105; Swimming Pool Scene; 5 Series BMW E39; CFR train tanker car; Aral rusty train tanker car.. Keywords: 3d, afa, argentina, argentum, ball, balon, blender, brazil, championship, cup, cycles, de, foot, football, game, games, juego, league, match, model, player, soccer, sport, world.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to 3D Modeling with Blender

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Blender is a free and open-source 3D creation software that can be used to create 3D models for various purposes such as gaming, animation, and architecture. It is a powerful tool that allows users to create complex models with ease. In this lesson, we will learn the basics of 3D modeling using Blender.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's start by creating a simple football model using Blender. We will use the following steps:

1. Open Blender and create a new file.
2. Select the "Cube" object from the "Add" menu and place it in the center of the screen.
3. Select the cube and press "Ctrl + R" to enter the "Edit" mode.
4. Press "A" to add a vertex and move it to create a more complex shape.
5. Press "E" to enter the "Edge" mode and connect vertices to create a more complex shape.
6. Press "R" to enter the "Face" mode and move vertices to create a more complex shape.
7. Press "S" to enter the "Scale" mode and adjust the size of the object.
8. Press "W" to enter the "Wireframe" mode and adjust the shape of the object.
9. Press "Shift + S" to save the object.

Now we have created a basic football model. Let's move on to more complex models.

## Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

1. What are some other 3D modeling software that can be used instead of Blender?
2. How can we create more complex models in Blender?
3. What are some tips for creating realistic 3D models in Blender?

## Glossary

- 3D Modeling: The process of creating a 3D object using computer software.
- Blender: A free and open-source 3D creation software.
- Vertex: A point in 3D space that defines the position of an object.
- Edge: A line segment that connects two vertices.
- Face: A flat surface formed by connecting three edges.
- Scale: To change the size of an object.
- Wireframe: A visual representation of an object without any surfaces.

## Conclusion

In this lesson, we learned the basics of 3D modeling using Blender. We started with a simple football model and moved on to more complex models. We also discussed some tips for creating realistic 3D models in Blender. By following these steps and practicing regularly, you can become an expert in 3D modeling using Blender.


text: DocATot. DocATot was designed by a mother who longed for something that would allow her to feed, soothe, and bond with her baby all while the child lay in comfort. DocATot was created in Sweden and designed to simplify life for families. The DocATot has been praised by many celebrities, first time parents and parents of multiples. You can find this amazing addition to your baby registry at any major retailer or online.. No products were found matching your selection.

textbook:
## Lesson: How to Use a Baby Registry
### Section 1: Introduction
A baby registry is a great tool for expecting parents to create a wish list of items they need for their baby. It makes it easy for friends and family to buy gifts that the parents actually need. In this lesson, we will learn about the benefits of using a baby registry, how to create one, and what items should be included on the registry.
### Section 2: Benefits of Using a Baby Registry
Using a baby registry has several benefits. First, it helps parents to keep track of all the items they need for their baby. Second, it makes it easy for friends and family to buy gifts that the parents actually need. Third, it helps parents to avoid duplication of gifts.
### Section 3: How to Create a Baby Registry
To create a baby registry, parents need to follow these steps:
1. Choose a retailer that offers baby registry services.
2. Create an account on the retailer's website.
3. Select the "baby" category and click on "create a registry."
4. Start adding items to the registry by searching for items or browsing by category.
5. Add items to the registry by clicking on the "add to registry" button.
6. Once the registry is complete, share the link with friends and family.
### Section 4: What Items Should Be Included on the Registry?
Parents should include items on their registry that they actually need. Some examples of items that should be included on the registry are:
1. Diapers
2. Wipes
3. Baby clothes
4. Baby shoes
5. Baby blankets
6. Baby books
7. Baby toys
8. Baby monitor
9. Car seat
10. Stroller
### Section 5: Conclusion
In conclusion, using a baby registry is a great way for parents to keep track of all the items they need for their baby and to make it easy for friends and family to buy gifts that they actually need. By following the steps outlined in this lesson, parents can easily create a baby registry and include all the necessary items.


text:
Ken O'Dowd

Kenneth Desmond O'Dowd (born 30 June 1950) is an Australian politician who has been a member of the House of Representatives since the 2010 federal election, representing the Division of Flynn. He is a member of the Liberal National Party of Queensland, and sits with the Nationals in federal parliament.

Background
O'Dowd was born in Gladstone, Queensland. He grew up on his parent's farm in Bracewell, Mount Larcom. O'Dowd was educated at Bracewell State School, Mount Larcom High School and Rockhampton Grammar School. While still at school O'Dowd worked on his parent's farm, neighbours' farms, as a contract milker, on the railways as a fettler, on flying gangs, and on the construction of railway lines.

O'Dowd has two children and four grandchildren.

Career
O'Dowd became a payroll clerk at Queensland Aluminium Limited (QAL) Gladstone. From 1970 to 1978 he worked on the construction of the Bougainville Copper Mine in New Guinea. In 1978 he worked at the Gladstone seaport terminal within the fuel industry, until establishing his own Mobil fuel distributorship in Emerald in 1981, which he sold in 1988. He became partner of a Shell distributorship in 1988, which was sold ten years later. In 1998 O'Dowd bought and renovated a Rockhampton pub, renaming it O'Dowd's Irish Pub, which he sold in 2004. From 1998 onwards he operated Busteed Building Supplies.

Political career
O'Dowd contested the Division of Flynn for the Liberal National Party at the 2010 Federal election and won the seat from Labor's one term incumbent Chris Trevor. He continued to hold the seat in the 2013, 2016 and 2019 federal elections.

O'Dowd supports building HELE coal fired power stations, inland rail (such as the controversial Toowoomba Wellcamp Airport to Gladstone link), and opening up more agricultural land.

External links
 Ken O'Dowd official website
 APH profile
 Search or browse Hansard for Ken O'Dowd at OpenAustralia.org

References

Category:1950 births
Category:Living people
Category:Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Flynn
Category:Members of the Australian House of Representatives
Category:Liberal National Party of Queensland members of the Parliament of Australia
Category:21st-century Australian politicians

textbook:
Lesson: The Life Cycle of a Star

Introduction:
The life cycle of a star is a fascinating process that occurs over billions of years. Stars are massive balls of gas that produce energy through nuclear fusion. In this lesson, we will explore the different stages of a star's life cycle, from its birth to its eventual death.

Section 1: The Birth of a Star

A star is born when a cloud of gas and dust, known as a nebula, begins to collapse under its own gravity. As the cloud collapses, it spins faster and flattens into a disk. In the center of this disk, a dense core forms, which eventually becomes a protostar.

Questions:
- What is a nebula?
- How does a star form from a nebula?

Answer:
 A nebula is a cloud of gas and dust in space. A star forms from a nebula when the cloud collapses under its own gravity, forming a dense core in the center of the cloud.

Section 2: The Main Sequence

Once the protostar has enough mass, it begins to fuse hydrogen into helium in its core, releasing energy in the form of light and heat. This is the main sequence phase of a star's life, where it burns hydrogen for millions or billions of years, depending on its size.

Questions:
- What is the main sequence phase of a star's life?
- How does a star produce energy?

Answer:
The main sequence phase is the longest phase in a star's life, where it burns hydrogen in its core to produce energy. The energy is released in the form of light and heat.

Section 3: The End of a Star's Life

When a star runs out of hydrogen fuel in its core, it begins to fuse helium into heavier elements like carbon and oxygen. However, this process is not as efficient as hydrogen fusion, and the star begins to expand into a red giant. Eventually, the core collapses, and the outer layers are expelled into space, creating a planetary nebula.

Questions:
- What happens when a star runs out of hydrogen fuel?
- What is a planetary nebula?

Answer:
When a star runs out of hydrogen fuel in its core, it begins to fuse helium into heavier elements. This process causes the star to expand into a red giant. Eventually, the core collapses, and the outer layers are expelled into space, creating a planetary nebula.

Conclusion:
The life cycle of a star is a fascinating process that takes billions of years. From the formation of a nebula to the eventual death of a star, each stage is filled with incredible events and transformations. Understanding the life cycle of a star helps us appreciate the beauty and power of these celestial objects.


text: Medical Front/ Back Office. Careers at Genetics Center. Career Summary. GENETICS CENTER in Orange, California, is a comprehensive clinical diagnostic facility and has front/back office positions. Experience in medical offices, billing, or/and marketing and an AA/AS or higher degree are desirable. Foreign language capability such as in Spanish and/or a California phlebotomy license is also a plus.. GENETICS CENTER is celebrating 34 years of operation and is a comprehensive clinical diagnostic facility with laboratories on-site in Orange, California. Competitive salary and benefits.. Send Us Your Resume. Please submit your resume to employment@geneticscenter.comor FAX it to 714-288-8525. You can learn more about us here on our web site.

textbook:
Lesson Title: Medical Front/Back Office Careers

### Section 1: Introduction

In this lesson, we will learn about medical front/back office careers. We will explore the different roles and responsibilities of professionals working in medical offices, the qualifications required for these positions, and the skills needed to succeed in this field. By the end of this lesson, you will have a better understanding of what it takes to work in a medical office setting.

### Section 2: Roles and Responsibilities of Medical Front/Back Office Professionals

#### Role of Medical Assistants

Medical assistants perform administrative and clinical tasks in healthcare settings. They may greet patients, schedule appointments, update medical records, and assist physicians during exams. They must have excellent communication skills, be detail-oriented, and have knowledge of medical terminology.

#### Role of Medical Billers and Coders

Medical billers and coders are responsible for processing and submitting insurance claims, coding diagnoses and procedures, and managing patient accounts. They must have knowledge of medical codes, insurance policies, and billing practices.

#### Role of Marketing Professionals

Marketing professionals promote healthcare services and facilities to attract new patients and retain existing ones. They develop marketing strategies, create advertising materials, and track the effectiveness of campaigns. They must have strong communication skills, creativity, and knowledge of marketing trends.

#### Role of Phlebotomists

Phlebotomists draw blood samples from patients for laboratory testing. They must have excellent interpersonal skills, be able to follow safety protocols, and have knowledge of medical terminology.

#### Role of Administrative Staff

Administrative staff perform various administrative tasks, such as answering phones, scheduling appointments, and maintaining records. They must have excellent organizational skills, be detail-oriented, and have knowledge of medical terminology.

### Section 3: Qualifications and Skills Required for Medical Front/Back Office Positions

To work in a medical front/back office position, you typically need at least an AA/AS degree or higher. Foreign language capability, such as Spanish, is also a plus. Some positions may require certification, such as a California phlebotomy license.

Skills required for these positions include:

- Excellent communication skills
- Attention to detail
- Knowledge of medical terminology
- Strong organizational skills
- Ability to work well in a team environment
- Proficiency in computer software, such as Microsoft Office
- Familiarity with medical coding and billing practices
- Understanding of marketing principles and techniques
- Ability to follow safety protocols

### Section 4: Practical Examples and Real-World Scenarios

Let's consider an example of a medical assistant's day:

- The medical assistant greets patients as they arrive for their appointments and confirms their insurance coverage.
- They update the patient's medical record with any new information and prepare them for their exam.
- During the exam, the medical assistant assists the physician by taking vital signs, preparing instruments, and documenting the visit.
- After the exam, the medical assistant schedules any necessary follow-up appointments and provides the patient with any prescriptions or instructions.

In this example, the medical assistant demonstrates excellent communication skills, attention to detail, and knowledge of medical terminology. They also show proficiency in administrative tasks and an ability to work well in a team environment.

### Section 5: Conclusion

Working in a medical front/back office requires a combination of technical skills and interpersonal abilities. By understanding the roles and responsibilities of professionals in these positions, as well as the qualifications and skills required, you can determine if this is the right career path for you. Whether you are interested in working as a medical assistant, medical biller and coder, marketing professional, phlebotomist, or administrative staff, there is a place for you in the medical field. With dedication and hard work, you can succeed in this rewarding and fulfilling career.


text: AACS is an accounting firm based in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. We support the management of many foreign-affiliated companies and Vietnamese corporations, and also support the overseas expansion of Japanese companies. We perform auditing, company establishment, due diligence, and business matching attendance from bookkeeping.. Hanoi: No. 1, Dinh Le Street, Trang Tien Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi. Binh Duong: No. 168 Tran Phu Street, Chanh Nghia Ward, City. Thu Dau Mot, Binh Duong Province.. Nha Trang: No. 48 Le Thanh Phuong Street, Phuong Sai Ward, City. Nha Trang. Hue City: No. 4/16, Doan Huu Trung Street, Phuoc Vinh Ward, City. Hue, Thua Thien Hue Province.. Nghe An: Block 2, TT. Hung Nguyen, Nghe An Province. Bac Ninh: No. 20. CL7 Him Lam Green Park Urban Area, Dai Phuc Ward, City. Bac Ninh. Can Tho: 8, Road D. Tran Hung Dao, An Cu, Ninh Kieu, Can Tho

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Accounting

**Objective:** To introduce students to the basics of accounting and its importance in business.

**Introduction:** Accounting is the process of recording, summarizing, and interpreting financial transactions. It is an essential part of any business as it helps to keep track of income and expenses, make informed decisions, and ensure financial stability. In this lesson, we will cover the basic concepts of accounting, including the accounting equation, debits and credits, and financial statements.

**Section 1: The Accounting Equation**

The accounting equation is the foundation of accounting. It states that assets = liabilities + equity. This means that everything a business owns (assets) is either paid for by creditors (liabilities) or belongs to the owners (equity).

**Question:** What does the accounting equation represent?
**Answer:** The accounting equation represents the relationship between assets, liabilities, and equity in a business.

**Section 2: Debits and Credits**

Debits and credits are the two sides of the accounting equation. Debits increase assets or decrease liabilities and equity, while credits decrease assets or increase liabilities and equity.

**Question:** What do debits and credits represent in accounting?
**Answer:** Debits and credits represent the two sides of the accounting equation. Debits increase assets or decrease liabilities and equity, while credits decrease assets or increase liabilities and equity.

**Section 3: Financial Statements**

Financial statements are reports that show the financial position and performance of a business. The three main financial statements are the balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement.

**Question:** What are financial statements used for?
**Answer:** Financial statements are used to evaluate the financial position and performance of a business. They provide information about a business's assets, liabilities, equity, revenue, expenses, and cash flow.

**Conclusion:** Accounting is an essential part of any business. By understanding the basics of accounting, you can make informed decisions and ensure financial stability. In this lesson, we covered the accounting equation, debits and credits, and financial statements. As you continue to learn about accounting, remember to apply critical thinking skills to understand the reasoning behind each concept.

**Glossary:**
- Accounting: The process of recording, summarizing, and interpreting financial transactions.
- Assets: Everything a business owns.
- Liabilities: What a business owes to others.
- Equity: The value of a business after all liabilities have been paid.
- Debits: Increases assets or decreases liabilities and equity.
- Credits: Decreases assets or increases liabilities and equity.
- Financial statements: Reports that show the financial position and performance of a business.
- Balance sheet: Shows a business's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time.
- Income statement: Shows a business's revenue, expenses, and profit over a period of time.
- Cash flow statement: Shows the cash inflows and outflows of a business over a period of time.


text: The. Compiled over a period of more than thirty years, the book draws on extensive reference material from Land Rover itself, and on the observations and knowledge of an army of enthusiasts. The complete specification guide to Series III Land Rovers, produced from 1971 to 1985 covers:Vehicle identification and specification changes.Options on standard models and special equipment.Conversions and Forward Control models.Overseas models and markets.Military and Lightweight models..

textbook:
**Lesson:** How to Identify and Understand Land Rover Series III Models

**Introduction:** In this lesson, we will learn about the Land Rover Series III models, which were produced from 1971 to 1985. We will cover vehicle identification, specification changes, options on standard models, special equipment, conversions, and more. Whether you are a car enthusiast or just interested in learning more about these iconic vehicles, this lesson is for you.

**Section 1: Vehicle Identification and Specification Changes**

Land Rover Series III models were produced from 1971 to 1985. To identify a Series III model, look for a 2-door body style with a removable hard top. These vehicles had a 2.25-liter diesel engine and came in both soft-top and hard-top versions.

**Questions:**

1. What were some of the key features of the Land Rover Series III models?
2. How can you tell if a Land Rover is a Series III model?
3. When were the Series III models produced?

**Answers:**

1. Some of the key features of the Land Rover Series III models included their 2-door body style, removable hard top, 2.25-liter diesel engine, and availability in both soft-top and hard-top versions.
2. To identify a Land Rover Series III model, look for a 2-door vehicle with a removable hard top.
3. The Land Rover Series III models were produced from 1971 to 1985.

**Section 2: Options on Standard Models and Special Equipment**

Land Rover Series III models came with a variety of standard features and optional equipment. Some of the standard features included a 4-speed manual transmission, power take-off, and a 2.25-liter diesel engine. Optional equipment included things like a winch, front bumper, and headlight guards.

**Questions:**

1. What were some of the standard features on the Land Rover Series III models?
2. What were some of the optional equipment available for the Series III models?
3. How did the optional equipment improve the functionality of the vehicle?

**Answers:**

1. Some of the standard features on the Land Rover Series III models included a 4-speed manual transmission, power take-off, and a 2.25-liter diesel engine.
2. Some of the optional equipment available for the Series III models included things like a winch, front bumper, and headlight guards.
3. The optional equipment available for the Series III models improved the functionality of the vehicle by adding additional protection and capabilities, such as towing or off-road driving.

**Section 3: Conversions and Forward Control Models**

In addition to the standard models and special equipment, Land Rover also produced conversion kits for the Series III models. These kits included things like fire engines, ambulances, and mobile workshops. They also produced Forward Control models, which were designed for commercial use and had a longer wheelbase and increased payload capacity.

**Questions:**

1. What were some of the conversion kits available for the Land Rover Series III models?
2. How were the Forward Control models different from the standard models?
3. What were some of the commercial applications for the Forward Control models?

**Answers:**

1. Some of the conversion kits available for the Land Rover Series III models included fire engines, ambulances, and mobile workshops.
2. The Forward Control models had a longer wheelbase and increased payload capacity compared to the standard models.
3. The Forward Control models were used for a variety of commercial applications, including construction, agriculture, and transportation.

**Glossary:**
- Land Rover: A British automotive brand that produces four-wheel-drive vehicles.
- Series III: A model of Land Rover produced from 1971 to 1985.
- Conversion kit: A set of modifications that can be made to a vehicle to convert it for a specific purpose.
- Forward Control: A model of Land Rover with a longer wheelbase and increased payload capacity, designed for commercial use.

**Conclusion:**

In this lesson, we learned about the Land Rover Series III models, their key features, and the optional equipment and conversion kits available for them. We also covered the differences between the Forward Control models and their commercial applications. By understanding these aspects of the Land Rover Series III models, we can appreciate their historical significance and unique capabilities.


text: Our long term objective is to understand the maintenance of upper airway patency in health and disease. the proposed studies are designed to provide better insight into mechanisms that are poorly understood at present. Special emphasis is given to neuroregulation of upper airway muscles Stimulation of laryngeal afferent is known to alter the activity of various upper airway muscles. Anesthetized, spontaneously breathing dogs and rabbits will be used in the animal studies. Action potentials from single fibers of the superior laryngeal nerve will be monitored from its peripheral cut end. Electromyograms of posterior cricoarytenoid, genioglossus and al ae nasi muscles will be recorded with bipolar wire electrodes. Behavior of laryngeal mechanoreceptors and the response of upper airway muscles during upper airway occlusion will be documented before and after paralysis of intrinsic laryngeal muscles (by cold block of recurrent laryngeal nerves). The role of volume-related feedback from the lungs on the response to upper airway pressure will be tested by blocking the activity of slowly adapting receptors with SO2 in anesthestized rabbits. The effects of cooling of the laryngeal mucosa on the mechanoreceptor response to pressure changes will be evaluated, and single fiber action potential recorded during upper airway occlusion. In separate experiments the effect on tracheal smooth muscle activity will also be studied by monitoring smooth muscle tone in the extra-thoracic trachea. The hypothesis that laryngeal cooling is responsible for the respiratory inhibition observed in newborn animals during airflow through the upper airway will be tested by comparing the responses at different laryngeal temperatures at constant flow rate. Finally, in human studies, we plan to identify the factors responsible for the alteration of breathing pattern during feeding of expressed milk and formula. In addition, the rate of milk flow will be altered using high and low flow rate nipples. The proposed studies are anticipated to provide valuable insights into airway maintenance and regulation of breathing in health and disease, especially in sleep apnea and cold-induced bronchospasm.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding the Maintenance of Upper Airway Patency in Health and Disease

Introduction:
The maintenance of upper airway patency is crucial for proper respiration and overall health. In this lesson, we will explore the mechanisms that regulate upper airway patency and discuss how these mechanisms can be affected by various factors such as disease, stress, and environmental factors.

Section 1: Neuroregulation of Upper Airway Muscles

Topic 1: The Role of Neuroregulation in Maintaining Upper Airway Patency

Question: What is the role of neuroregulation in maintaining upper airway patency?
Answer: Neuroregulation plays a crucial role in maintaining upper airway patency by controlling the activity of various upper airway muscles. The stimulation of laryngeal afferent nerves can alter the activity of these muscles and help maintain patency.

Topic 2: The Superior Laryngeal Nerve and Its Function

Question: What is the superior laryngeal nerve, and what is its function?
Answer: The superior laryngeal nerve is a cranial nerve that originates from the vagus nerve and provides motor innervation to the cricoid cartilage, thyroid cartilage, and epiglottis. It also carries sensory information from the larynx to the brainstem.

Topic 3: Electromyography and its Application in Studying Upper Airway Muscles

Question: What is electromyography, and how is it used to study upper airway muscles?
Answer: Electromyography (EMG) is a technique used to record the electrical activity of muscles. By recording EMG signals from the posterior cricoarytenoid, genioglossus, and alae nasi muscles, researchers can study the activity of these muscles and better understand their role in maintaining upper airway patency.

Section 2: Mechanical Regulation of Upper Airway Patency

Topic 1: The Role of Laryngeal Mechanoreceptors in Maintaining Upper Airway Patency

Question: What is the role of laryngeal mechanoreceptors in maintaining upper airway patency?
Answer: Laryngeal mechanoreceptors are specialized sensory structures that detect changes in airway pressure and stretch. They play a crucial role in maintaining upper airway patency by triggering reflexes that help prevent occlusion.

Topic 2: The Effects of Upper Airway Occlusion on Laryngeal Mechanoreceptors

Question: How does upper airway occlusion affect laryngeal mechanoreceptors?
Answer: When the upper airway is occluded, laryngeal mechanoreceptors are stimulated, leading to an increase in the activity of upper airway muscles. This increased activity helps to restore patency and prevent further occlusion.

Topic 3: The Role of Volume-Related Feedback in Maintaining Upper Airway Patency

Question: What is volume-related feedback, and how does it contribute to maintaining upper airway patency?
Answer: Volume-related feedback is a mechanism that helps to maintain upper airway patency by detecting changes in lung volume and adjusting the activity of upper airway muscles accordingly. This feedback loop helps to prevent hyperinflation and collapse of the lungs during periods of increased ventilation.

Section 3: Clinical Applications

Topic 1: The Importance of Understanding Upper Airway Patency in Clinical Practice

Question: Why is it important for clinicians to understand the mechanisms that regulate upper airway patency?
Answer: Understanding the mechanisms that regulate upper airway patency is essential for clinicians who treat patients with respiratory disorders, as these mechanisms can be disrupted in various diseases, leading to life-threatening complications.

Topic 2: The Role of Upper Airway Patency in Sleep Disordered Breathing

Question: How does upper airway patency relate to sleep disordered breathing?
Answer: Sleep disordered breathing, such as obstructive sleep apnea, is characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway occlusion during sleep. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate upper airway patency can help clinicians develop targeted therapies to prevent or treat these conditions.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, understanding the mechanisms that regulate upper airway patency is crucial for the study and treatment of respiratory disorders. By studying the neuroregulation of upper airway muscles, the mechanical regulation of upper airway patency, and the role of volume-related feedback, we can gain valuable insights into the factors that contribute to upper airway patency and how they can be disrupted in disease.

Glossary:
- Neuroregulation: The process by which the nervous system controls the activity of muscles and other tissues.
- Electromyography: A technique used to record the electrical activity of muscles.
- Laryngeal mechanoreceptors: Specialized sensory structures that detect changes in airway pressure and stretch.
- Volume-related feedback: A mechanism that helps to maintain upper airway patency by detecting changes in lung volume and adjusting the activity of upper airway muscles accordingly.


text:
C-reactive protein: risk marker or mediator in atherothrombosis?
Inflammation appears to be pivotal in all phases of atherosclerosis from the fatty streak lesion to acute coronary syndromes. An important downstream marker of inflammation is C-reactive protein (CRP). Numerous studies have shown that CRP levels predict cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy individuals. This has resulted in a position statement recommending cutoff levels of CRP <1.0, 1.0 to 3.0, and >3.0 mg/L equating to low, average, and high risk for subsequent cardiovascular disease. More interestingly, much in vitro data have now emerged in support of a role for CRP in atherogenesis. To date, studies largely in endothelial cells, but also in monocyte-macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells, support a role for CRP in atherogenesis. The proinflammatory, proatherogenic effects of CRP that have been documented in endothelial cells include the following: decreased nitric oxide and prostacyclin and increased endothelin-1, cell adhesion molecules, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-8, and increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. In monocyte-macrophages, CRP induces tissue factor secretion, increases reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokine release, promotes monocyte chemotaxis and adhesion, and increases oxidized low-density lipoprotein uptake. Also, CRP has been shown in vascular smooth muscle cells to increase inducible nitric oxide production, increase NFkappa(b) and mitogen-activated protein kinase activities, and, most importantly, upregulate angiotensin type-1 receptor resulting in increased reactive oxygen species and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Future studies should be directed at delineating the molecular mechanisms for these important in vitro observations. Also, studies should be directed at confirming these findings in animal models and other systems as proof of concept. In conclusion, CRP is a risk marker for cardiovascular disease and, based on future studies, could emerge as a mediator in atherogenesis.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to C-reactive protein and its role in atherosclerosis

**Objective:** To introduce students to the concept of C-reactive protein (CRP) and its role in atherosclerosis.

**Glossary:**
- Atherosclerosis: a condition in which plaque builds up inside the arteries
- C-reactive protein (CRP): a protein made by the liver in response to inflammation
- Inflammation: the body's immune response to injury, irritation, or infection

**Section 1: What is C-reactive protein?**

CRP is a protein made by the liver in response to inflammation. It is produced when there is an injury, irritation, or infection in the body. The level of CRP in the blood can be used as a marker to determine the level of inflammation in the body.

**Section 2: How does CRP relate to atherosclerosis?**

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis. CRP is one of the markers that indicate inflammation in the body. Studies have shown that people with high levels of CRP are at a higher risk of developing atherosclerosis.

**Section 3: How does CRP contribute to atherosclerosis?**

Research has shown that CRP can contribute to atherosclerosis in several ways. It can cause damage to the inner lining of the arteries, increase the stickiness of blood cells, and promote the formation of plaque. These changes can lead to the narrowing of the arteries, which can cause various health problems, including heart attacks and strokes.

**Section 4: Conclusion**

Understanding the role of CRP in atherosclerosis is essential in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases. By monitoring CRP levels and controlling inflammation, individuals can reduce their risk of developing atherosclerosis. This lesson has introduced students to the concept of CRP and its role in atherosclerosis, providing them with a foundation for further study in this area.


text: Document process automation company ReadSoft says it has developed the first accounts payable system to run on the Microsoft Azure cloud platform and integrated within Microsoft Dynamics business software.. It is within the ReadSoft Online service, the first iteration of which covered invoices only and was released in February.. Per Åkerberg, CEO of ReadSoft, said the solution designed with the Microsoft Dynamics end-user in mind, and that it makes it possible to run automated accounts payable processes through a secure, Microsoft-focused cloud platform.. A spokesman for the company told TRPro that it plans to extend the range of functions available on ReadSoft Online to take in those, such as document processing, archiving and HR tools, that are currently available through its on-premises systems.. ReadSoft is a member of Microsoft's ISV programme.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Cloud Computing

## Section 1: What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services, including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence, over the internet (the cloud) to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.

## Section 2: Why Use Cloud Computing?
There are several reasons why organizations use cloud computing:

1. Cost Savings: Cloud computing eliminates the need for expensive hardware and software, reducing capital expenditures.
2. Scalability: Cloud computing allows organizations to quickly scale up or down their computing resources as needed.
3. Flexibility: Cloud computing provides a flexible environment that can adapt to changing business needs.
4. Accessibility: Cloud computing enables users to access data and applications from anywhere with an internet connection.
5. Security: Cloud computing providers invest heavily in security measures to protect their customers' data.

## Section 3: Types of Cloud Computing Services
There are three main types of cloud computing services:

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): This provides virtualized computing resources over the internet.
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS): This provides a platform allowing customers to develop, run, and manage applications without the complexity of building and maintaining the infrastructure usually associated with developing and launching an app.
3. Software as a Service (SaaS): This provides access to software applications over the internet.

## Section 4: Examples of Cloud Computing Services
Some examples of cloud computing services include:

1. Amazon Web Services (AWS)
2. Microsoft Azure
3. Google Cloud Platform
4. IBM Cloud
5. Oracle Cloud

## Section 5: Conclusion
Cloud computing has revolutionized the way organizations store, process, and analyze data. By leveraging cloud computing services, organizations can reduce costs, increase flexibility, and improve accessibility while ensuring data security. As cloud computing continues to evolve, it will undoubtedly play an even more significant role in shaping the future of technology.


text: Arbor Reporting Portal allows users to create custom reports, using data sets of the users’ choice, and to distribute this for both internal and external use. Users can make these reports accessible to anyone they entitle, including marketers, potential investors, and other external parties. Our Reporting Portal can be used on a range of platforms: workstation, tablets, and mobile phones.. Download our envisionary company brochure and lets begin our journey together.. See why Arbor’s innovative technology, superior client service and expertise make us the trusted partner of choice.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Data Analysis and Reporting

**Section 1: Theoretical Concepts**

Data analysis is the process of collecting, organizing, and interpreting data to gain insights and make informed decisions. Reporting is the process of presenting data in a clear and concise manner to communicate findings effectively.

**Section 2: Practical Examples**

Using Arbor Reporting Portal, a user can create a report on the company's sales revenue for the past quarter. They can choose which data sets to include, such as product sales, region breakdowns, and customer demographics. The user can then distribute this report to potential investors and marketers, who can use this information to make informed decisions about future investments or marketing strategies.

**Section 3: Real-World Scenarios**

A financial analyst at a hedge fund uses Arbor Reporting Portal to create a report on the performance of a particular stock. They can choose which data sets to include, such as stock price movements, news articles about the company, and industry trends. The analyst can then distribute this report to their colleagues, who can use this information to make informed decisions about buying or selling the stock.

**Glossary**
- Data analysis: The process of collecting, organizing, and interpreting data to gain insights and make informed decisions.
- Reporting: The process of presenting data in a clear and concise manner to communicate findings effectively.
- Data sets: Collections of related pieces of information that are organized for a specific purpose.

**Conclusion**

Understanding data analysis and reporting is essential for anyone working with data, whether in finance, marketing, or any other field. By learning how to use tools like Arbor Reporting Portal, you can gain valuable insights and make informed decisions based on data. This skill is in-demand across industries and can help you stand out in the job market.


text: Calculating Cash Freed Up After Inventory Turnover Increase. Below is selected data for Gertup Corporation as of 12/31/05:. Total assets $ 5,500. Current assets 2,750. Long-term debt 450. Current ratio 2.5. Inventory 1,500. For year ended 12/31/05. Sales $18,500. Cost of goods sold 14,800. Gertup has maintained the same inventory levels throughout 2005. If end of year inventory turnover was increased to 12 through more efficient relationships with suppliers how much cash would be freed up.. Solution Summary. This solution calculates the cash freed up using the level of inventory required and the current inventory level.. $2.19

textbook:
Lesson: Calculating Cash Freed Up After Inventory Turnover Increase

### Introduction
In this lesson, we will learn how to calculate the amount of cash that would be freed up if the inventory turnover of a company increases. We will use the given data for Gertup Corporation to demonstrate the process.

### Core Value
The core value of this lesson is to teach students how to calculate the amount of cash that would be freed up if the inventory turnover of a company increases.

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
- Inventory turnover is a financial ratio that shows how many times a company's inventory is sold or used in a period (usually a year).
- The higher the inventory turnover, the faster a company sells its products.
- A higher inventory turnover means that a company has more efficient relationships with its suppliers and customers.

### Section 2: Practical Examples
Let's assume that Gertup Corporation's current inventory turnover is 6 and they want to increase it to 12. We will use the following formula to calculate the cash freed up:

Cash Freed Up = (Current Inventory - New Inventory) * (Cost of Goods Sold / New Inventory)

Given data:
- Current inventory = $1,500
- New inventory = $1,500 * 12 / 6 = $2,250
- Cost of goods sold = $14,800

Now, let's plug in the values into the formula:

Cash Freed Up = ($1,500 - $2,250) * ($14,800 / $2,250)
Cash Freed Up = -$750 * 6.54
Cash Freed Up = -$4,925

So, if Gertup Corporation increases its inventory turnover to 12, it would free up $4,925 in cash.

### Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions
- Why is it important for a company to have an efficient inventory turnover?
- How does a higher inventory turnover affect a company's cash flow?
- What are some ways a company can improve its inventory turnover?

### Glossary
- Inventory turnover: The number of times a company's inventory is sold or used in a period (usually a year).
- Current ratio: A financial ratio that shows a company's ability to pay its short-term debts.
- Cost of goods sold: The total cost of products or services sold by a company during a period (usually a year).

### Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned how to calculate the amount of cash that would be freed up if the inventory turnover of a company increases. We also discussed the importance of having an efficient inventory turnover and some ways a company can improve it. By applying these concepts, we can analyze financial data and make informed decisions about a company's operations.


text: Coffee Order: Black Coffee w/ cream |. Channa Steinmetz is a Junior Journalism Major with a Minor in Sustainability as well as the Editor for the Graphic Special Edition here at Pepperdine University. If she could eat one food for the rest of her life it would be honey crisp apples specifically from Wisconsin. A goal she has in life is to create a documentary about the Pacific Islands. A movie title that best describes her life is It's A Wonderful Life. She is passionate about country music and investigating journalism. She believes her purpose in life is to give a platform to the voiceless. A moment in her life that made her feel alive was when she went skydiving in New Zealand. And the best piece of advice she could give someone is to always share your perspective, even if it's difficult.. Take the time to have coffee with someone new.

textbook:
Lesson Title: Building Connections Through Journalism

## Chapter 1: Introduction to Journalism

In this chapter, we will learn about the basics of journalism, its importance, and how it can help us connect with others.

#### Section 1: What is Journalism?
Journalism is the practice of gathering, writing, editing, and distributing news and information through various media platforms. It is an essential tool for keeping people informed about current events and issues.

#### Section 2: Why is Journalism Important?
Journalism is crucial because it helps to keep society informed and educated. It also serves as a watchdog, holding those in power accountable for their actions. By sharing stories and experiences, journalism can bridge gaps between different communities and foster understanding.

#### Section 3: How can Journalism help me connect with others?
Through journalism, we can share our perspectives and stories with others, creating a sense of connection and empathy. By listening to and learning from others' experiences, we can gain a deeper understanding of the world around us and form meaningful connections.

#### Conclusion:
In this chapter, we learned about the basics of journalism and how it can help us connect with others. In the next chapter, we will delve into the various forms of journalism and their impact on society.

## Glossary:
- Journalism: The practice of gathering, writing, editing, and distributing news and information through various media platforms.
- Watchdog: A person or organization that observes and monitors the behavior or actions of another, especially to prevent misconduct or abuse of power.
- Empathy: The ability to understand and share the feelings of another person.

## Chapter 2: Types of Journalism

In this chapter, we will explore the different types of journalism and their impact on society.

#### Section 1: Hard News vs. Soft News
Hard news refers to stories that are time-sensitive and focus on facts, while soft news covers more subjective topics and personal experiences. Both types of journalism play an essential role in informing and connecting with audiences.

#### Section 2: Investigative Journalism
Investigative journalism involves digging deeper into a story or issue, often uncovering hidden truths or exposing corruption. This type of journalism is crucial for holding those in power accountable and promoting transparency.

#### Section 3: Opinion Journalism
Opinion journalism allows writers to express their personal perspectives on current events or issues. While this type of journalism may not be as objective as hard news, it can still provide valuable insights and spark conversations.

#### Conclusion:
In this chapter, we explored the different types of journalism and their impact on society. We learned that each type of journalism serves a unique purpose and can help us connect with others in various ways. In the next chapter, we will delve into the ethical considerations of journalism.

## Glossary:
- Hard News: News stories that are time-sensitive and focus on facts.
- Soft News: News stories that cover more subjective topics and personal experiences.
- Investigative Journalism: Journalism that involves digging deeper into a story or issue, often uncovering hidden truths or exposing corruption.
- Opinion Journalism: Journalism that allows writers to express their personal perspectives on current events or issues.


text: We have a strong reputation as a leading regional insurance company, and we employ some of the most talented colleagues in the property and casualty insurance industry. If you are passionate about what you do and are inspired by working as a team with other talented colleagues, then Merchants is your employer of choice.. Careers. In addition to a competitive salary, we offer unparalleled compensation incentive programs and an attractive benefits package including Health, Dental, Vision, Short and Long Term Disability, Tuition Reimbursement, 401(k) and more!

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Insurance Industry

## Section 1: Overview of the Insurance Industry

The insurance industry is a vital part of the global economy, providing protection against financial losses due to unexpected events such as accidents, natural disasters, or theft. It plays a crucial role in managing risks and providing stability to individuals, businesses, and governments. In this lesson, we will explore the basics of the insurance industry, including its history, types of insurance, and how it works.

## Section 2: History of the Insurance Industry

The concept of insurance can be traced back to ancient civilizations, where people would pool their resources to protect each other from losses caused by events like shipwrecks or crop failures. The first known example of insurance comes from the Code of Hammurabi, which was written around 1750 BC in Babylon. This code established that if a merchant put his goods in a ship and the ship was lost, the owner of the ship was responsible for the loss.

In modern times, the insurance industry began to take shape in the 16th century when marine insurance was developed to protect ships and their cargo from losses during sea voyages. This led to the creation of Lloyd's Coffee House in London, which became the first insurance marketplace. Today, the insurance industry has grown into a multi-billion-dollar global industry that provides coverage for a wide range of risks.

## Section 3: Types of Insurance

There are several types of insurance available, each designed to protect against specific risks. Some common types of insurance include:

- Life insurance: Provides a lump sum payment to beneficiaries in the event of the policyholder's death.
- Health insurance: Covers medical expenses, including doctor visits, hospital stays, and prescription drugs.
- Auto insurance: Covers damages to vehicles, property, or injuries caused by accidents.
- Homeowners insurance: Protects homeowners from losses due to events such as fire, theft, or natural disasters.
- Business insurance: Provides coverage for business-related risks such as property damage, liability claims, and employee injuries.

Each type of insurance has its own unique features and benefits, and it's essential to understand the differences before choosing the right coverage for your needs.

## Section 4: How Insurance Works

When you purchase insurance, you are essentially buying a contract that outlines the terms and conditions of the coverage provided. You pay a premium, which is the amount you pay for the insurance policy, and in exchange, the insurance company agrees to cover any losses covered by the policy up to a certain limit.

Insurance works by pooling risks among a large group of people, so that those who experience losses can be compensated by the premiums paid by others who do not have losses. This process is called risk pooling or risk sharing. For example, if only one person in a group of 100 people has their car stolen, the insurance company will pay for the loss, and the other 99 people will share in the cost of that loss through their premiums.

## Section 5: Conclusion

The insurance industry plays a critical role in our society by providing protection against unexpected events and reducing financial risks. By understanding the basics of insurance, you can make informed decisions about your coverage needs and choose the right policies for your personal or business circumstances.