text:
Third baseman Travis Shaw slugged the first two home runs of his major league career and had four RBIs as the Boston Red Sox overcame another shaky start from Joe Kelly in an 11-7 win over the Tampa...

Ossipee police officers earn promotions

OSSIPEE - The Ossipee Police Department celebrated the promotions of two of its members on Monday, just a week after former Lt. Jimmy Eldridge was sworn in as the new Police Chief.

Eldridge, a veteran of the Ossipee Police Department and the U.S. Army where he served as a military police officer, fills the post vacated April 1 when Chief Don Grow retired.

On Monday, staff, friends and family attended a promotion ceremony where former Sgt. Joseph Duchesne was promoted to fill the lieutenant slot vacated when Eldridge became chief.

Senior Patrolman Anthony Castaldo was promoted to fill the open sergeant's position.

The promotions come with a new slate of responsibilities. Dushesne will handle administrative duties such as researching and writing grant applications and creating and overseeing special details and patrols.

Dushesne joined the Ossipee Police Department in April of 2000. This was his first police officer position. Previously, Dushesne said he worked in retail but wanted a job with more variety.

After joining the Ossipee Police Department, Dushesne became the K-9 Unit leader with his partner, Zeus, a role that was passed to Sgt. Castaldo.

Castaldo joined the Ossipee Police Department in 2008 after serving with the Tamworth Police Department from 2006 to 2008. In his new job, Castaldo will serve as the go-to advisor for officers on patrol any time day or night. He will continue as the K-9 Unit leader and will accompany Zeus to re-certification training in Massachusetts later this spring.

Even with the promotions, the police department still has one vacancy for a patrol officer.

Incoming Patrol Officer Kim Hatch graduates from the police academy on Friday and will start work on Sunday, according to Duchesne, leaving one more vacancy for a patrol position in the nine-member department.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Read and Understand News Articles

Introduction:
Reading news articles is an essential skill for staying informed about current events and understanding the world around us. However, not all news articles are created equal, and some can be difficult to understand without proper context or knowledge. In this lesson, we will learn how to read and understand news articles by breaking them down into their key components and analyzing them critically.

Section 1: Understanding the Structure of a News Article

A typical news article follows a specific structure that includes several key elements:

1. Headline: The headline is the first thing you see when reading a news article, and it should grab your attention and summarize the main point of the story.

2. Lead: The lead is the first paragraph of the article, which provides background information and sets the stage for the rest of the story.

3. Body: The body of the article contains additional details and information that support the main point of the story.

4. Conclusion: The conclusion summarizes the main points of the article and provides closure to the reader.

By understanding the structure of a news article, you can better follow the narrative and understand the author's message.

Section 2: Analyzing the Content of a News Article

Once you understand the structure of a news article, you can begin to analyze the content more critically. Here are some questions to ask yourself as you read:

1. Who is the target audience? News articles are often written with a specific audience in mind. Consider who might be interested in this story and how the article might be tailored to their interests.

2. What is the tone of the article? Is it objective or opinionated? Are there any biases or assumptions present in the writing?

3. What evidence supports the claims made in the article? Are there any sources cited or references made to back up the author's assertions?

4. Is the article balanced? Does it present both sides of the story, or does it favor one side over another?

5. What is the purpose of the article? Is it to inform, persuade, or entertain?

By asking these questions, you can better understand the intent behind the article and evaluate its credibility.

Section 3: Applying Critical Thinking Skills

Finally, as you read news articles, it's important to apply critical thinking skills to evaluate the information presented. Here are some strategies to help you do so:

1. Look for patterns or trends in the data presented. Are there any outliers or anomalies that don't fit the overall narrative?

2. Consider alternative explanations or interpretations of the data. Are there any other factors that could be contributing to the situation?

3. Evaluate the credibility of the sources cited in the article. Are they reputable and reliable?

4. Think about the bigger picture and consider how the information presented fits into the larger context of current events or historical trends.

By applying critical thinking skills, you can better understand the complexities of the world around us and make informed decisions based on the information presented in news articles.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, reading and understanding news articles is a valuable skill that can help us stay informed and engaged with the world around us. By understanding the structure of a news article, analyzing its content critically, and applying critical thinking skills, we can better understand the information presented and use it to make informed decisions.


text: Home»Carport Model»Portable Carport Snow Load Portable Carport Snow Load By Michael LIbbs On 25 December 2021 In Carport Model | No Comments Portable Carport Snow Load – portable carport snow load Pleasant in order to my own website, within this period I will provide you with concerning portable carport snow load And from now on, this can be a initial model: Other Collections of Portable Carport Snow Garage Metal NEXT »Garage With Carport On Side Next post link

source: refinedweb

textbook:
## Lesson: Understanding Snow Load on Portable Carports

### Introduction
Snow load is the weight of snow accumulated on a surface, such as a roof or a portable carport. This load can cause damage to the structure if not properly managed. In this lesson, we will learn about snow load, its effects on portable carports, and how to calculate it.

### Section 1: What is Snow Load?
Snow load is the weight of snow that accumulates on a surface, such as a roof or a portable carport. It is measured in pounds per square foot (psf) or kilopascals (kPa). Snow load can cause damage to the structure if not properly managed.

### Section 2: Effects of Snow Load on Portable Carports
Snow load can cause damage to portable carports if it exceeds the capacity of the structure. Some of the effects of snow load on portable carports include:

1. Roof collapse: Excessive snow load can cause the roof of a portable carport to collapse, leading to damage to the vehicle and other property stored inside.

2. Structural damage: Heavy snow load can cause damage to the framework of a portable carport, leading to cracks, leaks, and other structural problems.

3. Safety hazards: Accumulated snow on a portable carport can create a safety hazard, especially if the snow is slippery or if it obstructs visibility.

### Section 3: Calculating Snow Load
To determine the appropriate snow load for your portable carport, you need to consider several factors, including:

1. Location: Snowfall amounts vary depending on where you live. You can find information on average annual snowfall in your area from local weather reports or online resources.

2. Roof slope: The slope of your roof affects the amount of snow that can accumulate on it. Steeper slopes shed snow more effectively than flatter ones.

3. Wind: High winds can cause drifting snow to accumulate in certain areas, leading to uneven distribution of the load.

4. Exposure: Exposed areas of your portable carport will experience more wind and drifting than sheltered areas, leading to higher snow loads.

Once you have considered these factors, you can use the following formula to calculate the snow load on your portable carport:

Snow load = (average annual snowfall) x (roof area) x (snow load factor) x (wind exposure factor)

The snow load factor and wind exposure factor are values between 1 and 1.25 that account for variations in snow load due to these factors.

### Glossary
- Snow load: The weight of snow accumulated on a surface, such as a roof or a portable carport.
- Pounds per square foot (psf): A unit of measurement used to describe the weight of snow load.
- Kilopascals (kPa): Another unit of measurement used to describe the weight of snow load.
- Roof slope: The angle at which a roof is built.
- Wind exposure factor: A value used to adjust the snow load calculation based on the amount of wind exposure an area experiences.

### Conclusion
Understanding snow load and its effects on portable carports is essential for ensuring the safety and longevity of your structure. By calculating the appropriate snow load for your area and considering factors such as roof slope and wind exposure, you can ensure that your portable carport is prepared for winter weather.


text:
Hitherto, audio signal coding methods for compressing the amount of data of an audio signal have been developed. As one of such coding methods, High-Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding (HE-AAC) is known. This coding method has been standardized as MPEG-2 HE-AAC and MPEG-4 HE-AAC by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). In HE-AAC, the low frequency band (low frequency components) of an audio signal is coded in accordance with an Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) method, whereas the high frequency band (high-frequency components) of an audio signal is coded in accordance with a Spectral Band Replication (SBR) method. In the SBR method, each frame of an audio signal is divided into a plurality of time-frequency domains, and auxiliary information or the like for reproducing high-frequency components by reproducing corresponding low frequency components on the basis of the signal power within each time-frequency domain are calculated as SBR data. Then, an SBR parameter is coded. This time-frequency domain is called a grid.
In the SBR method, if the time length of a grid is too long with respect to the temporal change of an audio signal, the electric power of the audio signal is averaged in the grid, and thereby the information indicating the temporal change is lost. As a result, the reproduction sound quality of the coded audio signal deteriorates. There is a case where, in particular, as a result of sound in a certain time period being affected by sound later than that sound, sound that differs from the original sound is produced. Such a phenomenon is called a pre-echo. In Japanese National Publication of International Patent Application No. 2003-529787, a technology is disclosed in which a highly transient sound, such as attack sound, is detected with respect to each channel of an audio signal, and a grid is set so that the time resolution increases with respect to the highly transient sound. Such a transient portion of sound is called a transient.
Furthermore, in Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. 2006-3580, a technology has been disclosed in which when it is determined that the degree of similarity of a plurality of channels of an audio signal is high, a grouping of frequency data such that an audio signal is frequency-converted in the time direction or in the frequency direction is performed in common with respect to a plurality of channels.

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Audio Signal Coding Methods

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Audio signal coding methods are used to compress the amount of data of an audio signal without losing its quality. One such method is High-Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding (HE-AAC), which has been standardized by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) as MPEG-2 HE-AAC and MPEG-4 HE-AAC.

### Section 2: Practical Examples

HE-AAC works by coding the low frequency band (low frequency components) of an audio signal using an Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) method and the high frequency band (high-frequency components) using a Spectral Band Replication (SBR) method. In the SBR method, each frame of an audio signal is divided into a plurality of time-frequency domains, and auxiliary information or the like for reproducing high-frequency components by reproducing corresponding low frequency components on the basis of the signal power within each time-frequency domain are calculated as SBR data. Then, an SBR parameter is coded.

For example, consider an audio signal that consists of a pure tone at 44.1 kHz sampling rate. The SBR method would divide the signal into grids, each containing multiple frequency components. The SBR data would then be calculated based on the signal power within each grid. Finally, the SBR parameter would be encoded to represent the relationship between the low and high-frequency components.

### Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

One challenge with the SBR method is that if the time length of a grid is too long with respect to the temporal change of an audio signal, the electric power of the audio signal will be averaged in the grid, leading to a loss of high-frequency components. This can be mitigated by using a smaller grid size or by employing other coding methods in conjunction with SBR.

### Glossary
- Audio signal: A representation of sound waves that can be reproduced by a speaker or other audio device.
- Coding method: A technique used to compress the amount of data required to represent an audio signal without losing its quality.
- Advanced Audio Coding (AAC): An audio coding standard that uses a psychoacoustic model to encode audio signals.
- Spectral Band Replication (SBR): A method used in HE-AAC to encode high-frequency components of an audio signal.
- Grid: A time-frequency domain used in the SBR method to represent the frequency components of an audio signal.
- Time-frequency domain: A representation of audio signals that takes into account both the time and frequency components of the signal.

### Conclusion

In this lesson, we introduced the concept of audio signal coding methods and explored the HE-AAC coding method, specifically the SBR method used to encode high-frequency components. We discussed the practical example of an audio signal consisting of a pure tone and the challenges associated with using a longer grid size. Finally, we engaged in a self-debating discussion about mitigating the loss of high-frequency components when using a longer grid size. By understanding these concepts, students can apply their knowledge to other audio coding methods and analyze the trade-offs involved in different coding techniques.


text:
During a revealing Game Developers Conference talk, designer and Lionhead founder Peter Molyneux explained his studio's approach to internal experimentation -- and demonstrated a number of projects.

He began by thinking back to the company's origins. "We were sitting in a pub getting drunk -- that's how companies are born," Molyneux remembered.

When the team was only comprised of about 30 members and working on Black & White, "innovation was easy and cheap," he said, but "it really was utter and complete chaos."

During development, some extraneous ideas -- such as Molyneux's intention for the in-game weather to match the weather outside in the real world -- ended up eating up lots of resources and taking focus away from core mechanics.

But still, the designer argued, "If I was a betting man, I'd bet that what our customers really want is innovation. They want to be shocked and surprise and awed every time they spend an untold fortune on that game at retail," and the press "wants innovation, feeds on innovation."

Furthermore, developers love to explore new ideas. And if they are unable to do that within their existing place of employment, "What do they do?" Molyneux asked. "I'll tell you what they do -- they leave their company and go somewhere else, because their idea is so smart."

All of that is why Lionhead established Lionhead Experiments, a forum for small experimental teams. "If you have a small experimental team that can spend a man-month," you can do a great deal of experimentation, without being financially prohibitive, Molyneux said.

Such projects range from one to 12 weeks, averaging a four-week cycle, with teams of one to five developers. Even lower-level developers can propose those ideas, but they must be "sponsored" by a senior member of the staff as a "shepherd" for the project -- that sponsore then pitches the idea to an internal Lionhead board of about eight staff that oversees the entire Lionhead Experiments program.

The company maintains a high-level prototype engine expressly intended for rapid creation even by non-programmers, tied into existing game engines.

Lionhead also has a structure called "concrete" that allows assets from one game -- say, a tree from Black & White -- to take directly into a totally different game -- such as Fable 2.

Further off, Molyneux would like to expand that out to systems like AI, to allow prototypes to be quickly assembled in a modular fashion.

Later on, the board assesses the success of the experiment: Why is it being attempted? How much would it cost to make? How often would it be seen in a game? How would it be taught to the player? Ultimately, the final question is whether the idea should be executed and put into a game.

Interestingly, in the past, experiments have made it into Lionhead games but ended up not being significantly used by the games' designers, so the studio now puts more emphasis on ensuring designers are familiar with the additions.

"Where does the money come from?" an audience member asked.

"Well, we do a lot of busking on streets," Molyneux joked, then explained that experiments for a particular game come out of that game's budget, while broader projects come out of the budget for Lionhead's Central Technology Group.

"We generally find it rare that you can't justify it," he said, since the teams and development cycles are not extensive. "They're very small amounts of money."

Experiment Examples

After his overview of the process, Molyneux demonstrated a number of actual experiments. He began by showing an early version of Fable II's dog, which he himself designed and which ended up factoring heavily into the full game.

"This is probably one of the most valuable experiments we ever did," he said. Using the original Fable engine, the team asked itself, "Why don't we think how the dog can actually move and be a companion to the player?"

They decided to focus on exploring what a dog would do, rather than try to slot a canine into existing typical video game companion tasks. This led to the mechanic of the dog running out in front of the player, rather than beside or behind the player as most game AI companions are positioned, which had a huge impact on the dog's role.

A number of experiements were demonstrated in quick succession: one used the graphics chip to generate thousands and thousands of animated creatures (which ended up not making it in time for Fable 2, one that took one coder ten days to develop more advanced fluid physics effects, one about using lighting for shoft shadows, one that attempted emotive facial expression technology.

Molyneux then referred back to a talk he once gave about his frustration that more people couldn't experience combat-heavy video games due to the dexterity required to operate multi-button controls.

Following the talk, a Lionhead employee told him, "I've got this really cool idea for something called one-button combat," so he was set up with Lionhead's prototype engine to try and design the heavily context-sensitive systems.

That ended up being the core of Fable II's combat -- "The cost was enormously high implementing that into Fable II, but the reward was massive," he said.

Next up was something called The Room, which Molyneux had previously demonstrated at a past Game Developers Conference and which he said ultimately proved unsuccessful after spending a great deal of time on it.

Set in an elegant living room, it allows players to shape objects with small blocks of clay, which the game then turns into nicely-modeled objects, but also contains portals (similar to those of Portal, but developed before the release of that game) that not only transport objects in real-time but also change their size and other properties in proportion to the relative size of the two portal openings.

Molyneux noted that the portal technology can even be used to connect two different players over an online connection, but unfortunately, "it wasn't really an experiment that ever went anywhere."

Interestingly, some of the developers behind that very project ended up going on to leave Lionhead and form Media Molecule, which released last year's LittleBigPlanet.

textbook:
# Lesson: Innovation in Game Development

## Introduction
In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of innovation in game development. We will explore how developers come up with new ideas, test them, and implement them into their games. We will also discuss the challenges that come with innovation and how to overcome them.

## Section 1: What is Innovation?
Innovation refers to the process of creating something new or improving upon something that already exists. In the context of game development, innovation means coming up with new gameplay mechanics, graphics, storylines, and other elements that make a game unique and exciting.

## Section 2: How do Developers Innovate?
Developers innovate by experimenting with new ideas, technologies, and techniques. They may brainstorm with their team members, conduct market research, and analyze player feedback to identify areas where they can improve their games. Once they have identified a potential innovation, they will create a prototype, test it, and refine it until it meets their standards.

## Section 3: Challenges of Innovation
One of the biggest challenges of innovation is managing expectations. When developers introduce new ideas, players may have high expectations that the game will be revolutionary. If the game does not meet those expectations, players may be disappointed. Another challenge is balancing innovation with maintaining the core gameplay experience. Developers must ensure that their new ideas do not detract from the game's overall appeal.

## Section 4: Overcoming Challenges
To overcome the challenges of innovation, developers must communicate with their players throughout the development process. They can gather feedback on early prototypes and use it to refine their ideas. They can also create a roadmap outlining the features they plan to add and when they plan to release them. This helps manage expectations and ensures that players know what to expect from the game.

## Section 5: Examples of Innovation
One example of innovation in game development is the introduction of virtual reality (VR) technology. VR allows players to fully immerse themselves in a game world, making it feel more realistic. Another example is the use of machine learning algorithms to create non-player characters (NPCs) that behave like real people, making the game world feel more alive.

## Conclusion
Innovation is crucial in game development because it keeps the industry fresh and exciting. By experimenting with new ideas and technologies, developers can create games that captivate players and keep them coming back for more. However, innovation also comes with its challenges, which developers must overcome by communicating with their players and refining their ideas. By doing so, they can create games that are both innovative and engaging.


text: LoopRoll. Description:. Sample and loop out. FEATURES:. _ Dry/wet crossfader. _ Loop length, 1/64 to 8 beats. _ Direction crossfader (full backward to full forward). _ Loop offset for fine forward adjustments, 0-200ms. _ Optional quantizable length. _ It is possible to record the deck output (for example a scratch) and then play it as loop. _ Possibility to jump back to the beginning of the actual loop start position, marked as "Cue 69"

textbook:
Lesson: Looping in DJ Software

## Introduction
In this lesson, we will learn about looping in DJ software. Looping is a technique used by DJs to repeat a section of a song to create a seamless transition between tracks or to extend a specific part of a song. This can be done manually or using automated features in DJ software.

## Section 1: What is Looping?
Looping is the process of repeating a section of a song to create a seamless transition between tracks or to extend a specific part of a song. This technique allows DJs to mix two or more songs together without any gaps or interruptions in the music.

## Section 2: How does Looping work in DJ Software?
Most DJ software has a looping feature that allows you to set the start and end points of the loop. The loop can be played back indefinitely until the DJ presses the button again to stop the loop. Some software also has automated looping features that detect the beat of the music and automatically create loops that align with the beat.

## Section 3: Types of Loops
There are two types of loops: open loops and closed loops. An open loop is one where the loop point is at the beginning of the loop, allowing the loop to continue playing until stopped. A closed loop is one where the loop point is at the end of the loop, causing the loop to play only once before stopping.

## Section 4: Practical Examples
Let's say you are mixing two songs together, and you want to create a seamless transition between them. You can use the looping feature in your DJ software to repeat the last chorus of the first song, allowing the second song to fade in smoothly. Alternatively, you can use the looping feature to extend the breakdown of a song, giving you more time to mix in another track.

## Glossary
- Loop: A repeated section of a song
- DJ Software: Software used by DJs to mix and manipulate music
- Beat: The regular rhythmic pattern of a song

## Conclusion
Looping is a powerful tool for DJs, allowing them to create seamless transitions between songs and extend specific parts of a song. By understanding the basics of looping and how it works in DJ software, you can add a new level of creativity to your mixing and remixing.


text:
We first had an inkling about Fulcrum’s identity sometime ago. With our report this week about three characters in the opening of season 2 of Star Wars Rebels, it became a lot more obvious it was Ahsoka Tano. Rebels Report now has the nailed in the coffin to this mystery:

Olivia Luccioni is a very busy actress including doing the French voice acting for Ahsoka Tano on The Clone Wars from 2008-2012. She also happens to have a very up to date official website. On her website she also has an up to date CV which lists all of her acting roles in various mediums. Under the “Television (Series)” section of her CV she lists a role as, “2014 : Star Wars Rebel : Asokha Tano déguisée en Fulkrum – Série Animée.”

The actress that plays Ahsoka Tano is confirming it. That’s as close to a confirmation as we’re going to get before its really official acknowledged, probably after it is shown at Star Wars Celebration. You’re going to want to be there to see this.

Read Pete and Andy’s full report here.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Star Wars Rebels

## Section 1: What is Star Wars Rebels?
Star Wars Rebels is an animated television series that takes place between the events of Star Wars: Episode III - Revenge of the Sith and Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope. It follows a group of rebels who fight against the Galactic Empire in the early days of the rebellion.

## Section 2: Who is Ahsoka Tano?
Ahsoka Tano is a character in the Star Wars universe who first appeared in the animated television series Star Wars: The Clone Wars. She is a former Jedi apprentice and was the padawan of Anakin Skywalker.

## Section 3: Why is Ahsoka Tano important in Star Wars Rebels?
Ahsoka Tano is important in Star Wars Rebels because she is a key member of the rebel alliance and helps the team with her knowledge of the Force and her skills as a fighter. She also has connections to many other characters in the Star Wars universe, including Darth Vader, who she had a confrontation with in The Clone Wars.

## Section 4: What is Fulcrum?
Fulcrum is a codename used by Ahsoka Tano when she goes undercover as a spy for the rebel alliance. It is not known what her real name is or what her backstory is, but she is a skilled fighter and strategist who is able to gather valuable information for the rebels.

## Section 5: How does Ahsoka Tano's role in Star Wars Rebels affect the plot?
Ahsoka Tano's role in Star Wars Rebels is crucial to the plot because she is able to provide the team with valuable intel and help them plan their missions. She also serves as a mentor to the youngest member of the team, Ezra Bridger, teaching him about the Force and how to use it for good.

## Section 6: What are some examples of Ahsoka Tano's skills in Star Wars Rebels?
Some examples of Ahsoka Tano's skills in Star Wars Rebels include her ability to use the Force to jump to great heights, her skill in hand-to-hand combat, and her ability to read people's intentions based on their body language.

## Section 7: How does Ahsoka Tano's backstory affect her character development in Star Wars Rebels?
Ahsoka Tano's backstory as a former Jedi apprentice and her confrontation with Darth Vader in The Clone Wars affects her character development in Star Wars Rebels because she is still dealing with the aftermath of that encounter and the loss of her mentor, Anakin Skywalker. This makes her more determined to fight for what is right and to honor his memory.

## Conclusion:
In conclusion, Ahsoka Tano is an important character in Star Wars Rebels who uses her skills as a fighter and strategist to help the rebel alliance fight against the Galactic Empire. Her backstory and connection to Darth Vader add depth to her character and make her a complex and interesting character to follow throughout the series. By studying Ahsoka Tano's role in Star Wars Rebels, we can learn about the importance of teamwork, determination, and the power of the Force.


text:
Regulation of new fat cell formation in rats: the role of dietary fats.
Factors that stimulate formation of new adipocytes during development of obesity are yet to be identified. We examined whether diet acts directly on preadipocytes to stimulate replication and differentiation or indirectly by interacting with adipocytes to release or modify local growth factors. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed chow or diets high in starch (HST), saturated (HFS) or polyunsaturated (HFP) fats until 5-7 months of age. We found that, compared to other diets, HFS induced acceleration of replication of preadipocytes in primary culture (doubling time of retroperitoneal-derived preadipocytes: HFS 17 +/- 1 versus chow 32 +/- 6 and HFP 29 +/- 3 h, P < 0.05). HFS stimulated greater expansion of retroperitoneal fat than HFP even when caloric intake was equal and increased adipocyte number threefold. Preadipocyte pool size in inguinal and retroperitoneal fat pads changed relative to fat pad weight in rats fed all diets compared to chow, suggesting that the balance between the number of cells capable of replicating and those terminally differentiated was perturbed. Differentiation of preadipocytes and release of adipocyte growth factors in vitro were unaffected by diet. We concluded that dietary saturated fats induced expansion of adipose tissue mass more effectively than polyunsaturated fats and that this may, in part, be achieved by acceleration of preadipocyte replication.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Nutrition Science

## Chapter 1: Understanding Nutrition

1.1 What is nutrition?
Nutrition refers to the process of providing our bodies with the food we need to stay healthy and function properly. It involves consuming the right types and amounts of food to maintain good health, prevent disease, and manage chronic conditions.

1.2 Why is nutrition important?
Good nutrition is essential for many reasons. It helps us grow and develop properly, maintain a healthy weight, boost our immune systems, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.

1.3 How does nutrition work?
Our bodies need a variety of nutrients to function properly. These include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. We get these nutrients from the foods we eat, and our bodies use them to build and repair tissues, produce energy, and maintain hormonal balance.

1.4 What are macronutrients?
Macronutrients are the nutrients our bodies need in relatively large amounts. These include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

1.5 What are micronutrients?
Micronutrients are the nutrients our bodies need in smaller amounts. These include vitamins and minerals.

1.6 What is a balanced diet?
A balanced diet is one that includes a variety of foods from all the food groups in the right proportions. This helps ensure that we get all the nutrients we need to stay healthy.

## Chapter 2: Understanding Macronutrients

2.1 What are carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are one of the three macronutrients. They are the body's primary source of energy and are found in foods such as bread, rice, pasta, and fruits.

2.2 What are proteins?
Proteins are the building blocks of our bodies. They are essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of our tissues and organs. Protein is found in foods such as meat, fish, eggs, dairy products, and legumes.

2.3 What are fats?
Fats are another macronutrient that our bodies need. They provide energy and help with the absorption of certain vitamins. Fat is found in foods such as nuts, seeds, oils, and fatty meats.

## Chapter 3: Understanding Micronutrients

3.1 What are vitamins?
Vitamins are micronutrients that play important roles in many bodily functions. They help us maintain strong bones, healthy skin, and a healthy immune system.

3.2 What are minerals?
Minerals are also important micronutrients that our bodies need. They help with many processes, including building strong bones, regulating fluid balance, and transmitting nerve impulses.

3.3 What is water?
Water is an important micronutrient that our bodies need to function properly. It helps regulate body temperature, remove waste products, and transport nutrients and oxygen throughout the body.

## Chapter 4: Understanding Nutrition and Health

4.1 How does nutrition affect our health?
Good nutrition is essential for maintaining good health and preventing chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Eating a balanced diet and getting enough physical activity can help reduce the risk of these conditions.

4.2 What is a healthy diet?
A healthy diet includes a variety of foods from all the food groups in the right proportions. It also limits the amount of unhealthy fats, sugars, and salts.

4.3 How does nutrition affect growth and development?
Good nutrition is crucial for proper growth and development. It helps children and teenagers grow and develop properly, and it is important for pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers to eat well to support their own health and the health of their babies.

4.4 How does nutrition affect performance?
Nutrition plays a big role in athletic performance. Eating the right types and amounts of food can help athletes perform at their best.

## Conclusion

In conclusion, understanding nutrition science is important for everyone. By learning about macronutrients and micronutrients, and how they affect our health, we can make better choices about the food we eat. Good nutrition is essential for maintaining good health, preventing disease, and supporting proper growth and development.


text: Image is everything in retail. A poorly lit and branded store will cost you money and customers.. We work with our clients to provide the best in lighting and imaging solutions for their applications. From state of the art lighting technology to powerful graphics we have the solutions to improve your brand…and sales!. With extended operating hours and increasing electricity cost, a great deal of a retailers overall operating expense is allocated to cover energy consumption and maintenance. We work with our clients in developing a strategy to minimize the impact of increasing electricity cost. From smart designs to a national energy conservation program we have the solutions to positively impact your business.. As an industry leader within the National Account Market we have an array of products and services that bring value and cost savings to our customers.

textbook:
Lesson Title: Retail Lighting and Imaging Solutions

Introduction:
Retail lighting and imaging solutions are crucial in enhancing the appearance of products and creating an inviting atmosphere for customers. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of lighting and imaging in retail and the benefits of implementing effective solutions.

Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is to understand the significance of retail lighting and imaging solutions in improving the customer experience and increasing sales.

Section 1: Importance of Retail Lighting and Imaging Solutions

Topic 1: The Impact of Lighting on Product Appearance
- The quality of lighting can greatly affect the appearance of products in a store.
- Poorly lit products can appear unappealing and unattractive to customers.
- Well-lit products can enhance their features and make them more appealing to customers.

Topic 2: The Role of Imaging Solutions in Retail
- Imaging solutions refer to the use of visual elements such as graphics, displays, and signage to create an attractive and engaging environment for customers.
- Effective imaging solutions can help to create a brand identity and differentiate a retail business from its competitors.
- Imaging solutions can also help to guide customers through the store and highlight specific products or promotions.

Section 2: Benefits of Implementing Effective Retail Lighting and Imaging Solutions

Topic 1: Increased Sales and Revenue
- Effective lighting and imaging solutions can help to create a more attractive and inviting atmosphere for customers, which can lead to increased sales and revenue.
- Well-lit products can also encourage customers to make impulse purchases or try new products.

Topic 2: Enhanced Brand Identity and Customer Experience
- Retail lighting and imaging solutions can help to create a unique and memorable brand identity for a retail business.
- Effective lighting and imaging solutions can also help to create a positive customer experience, which can lead to repeat business and positive word-of-mouth recommendations.

Section 3: Implementing Effective Retail Lighting and Imaging Solutions

Topic 1: Smart Design and Energy Efficiency
- Retail lighting and imaging solutions should be designed with energy efficiency in mind to minimize costs and reduce environmental impact.
- Smart design principles such as natural lighting, motion sensors, and energy-efficient light bulbs can help to achieve these goals.

Topic 2: National Energy Conservation Programs
- Retail businesses can also participate in national energy conservation programs to further reduce energy costs and promote sustainability.
- These programs often provide incentives and resources for businesses to implement energy-efficient technologies and practices.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, retail lighting and imaging solutions play a critical role in enhancing product appearance and creating a positive customer experience. By implementing effective solutions, retail businesses can increase sales and revenue, enhance brand identity, and reduce energy costs.


text: GREENVILLE, S.C. (AP) – A legislative panel looking at the use of medical marijuana in South Carolina is holding another hearing.. The committee meets in Greenville on Thursday with another session set for Florence next month.. The panel established earlier this year will report back to lawmakers on how marijuana can be produced and distributed in the state for medical purposes. The committee is also looking at state revenues from marijuana sales and the impact producing it in the state could have on public health.. Lawmakers learned during a hearing in Charleston last month that patients who could benefit from using the drug face a Catch-22 in that while marijuana is legal to prescribe, it’s not yet legally available in South Carolina..

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Medical Marijuana

**Objective:** In this lesson, we will learn about the basics of medical marijuana, its uses, and the legal implications surrounding its production and distribution in South Carolina.

**Section 1: What is Medical Marijuana?**

Medical marijuana refers to the use of the marijuana plant or its extracts to treat certain medical conditions. The active ingredient in marijuana, known as THC, has been found to help alleviate symptoms of various illnesses such as pain, nausea, and seizures.

**Section 2: Uses of Medical Marijuana**

Medical marijuana is often used to treat patients with chronic pain, cancer, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and other debilitating conditions. It can be taken in various forms such as pills, oils, and vaporizers.

**Section 3: Legal Implications**

In South Carolina, the use of medical marijuana is still a contentious issue. While it is legal to prescribe marijuana for medical purposes, it is not yet legally available in the state. This means that patients who could benefit from using the drug face a Catch-22.

**Section 4: Production and Distribution**

The committee established earlier this year by the South Carolina legislature is looking into how marijuana can be produced and distributed in the state for medical purposes. They are also examining the potential state revenues from marijuana sales and the impact producing it in the state could have on public health.

**Section 5: Conclusion**

In conclusion, medical marijuana has the potential to provide relief to patients suffering from various illnesses. However, its legal status in South Carolina remains uncertain. As we continue to learn more about the benefits and risks associated with medical marijuana, it is essential to approach the topic with an open mind and consider all perspectives.


text:
One anime I would like to recommend is "Gregory Horror Show", I kind of prefer the second season since it has a better protagonist and better animation but the first season is still pretty good.
Also the episodes are short and you can pretty much watch one season in about an hour.

We didn’t have a general anime thread before this? Jeez, what’s the matter with us?

Anyway, yesterday I went to this anime store with a friend. It looked pretty sketchy; it was a white building with no windows, only a little door with the name of the store sketched on. The workers inside tried to sell me a six foot statues of Goddess Madoka, which I would have loved if I actually had room for.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Anime

**Introduction:**
Anime is a form of Japanese animation that has become popular all around the world. It combines creative storytelling, vibrant artwork, and memorable characters to create engaging and entertaining experiences. In this lesson, we will explore the basics of anime, its history, and some popular genres.

**Section 1: What is Anime?**
Anime is a type of animation that originated in Japan. It is typically characterized by colorful graphics, vibrant characters, and imaginative stories. Anime has become a global phenomenon, with millions of fans worldwide enjoying both the original Japanese productions and the many anime-influenced movies, TV shows, and video games created in other countries.

**Section 2: History of Anime**
The history of anime can be traced back to the early 20th century, when Japanese artists began experimenting with the medium of animation. In 1917, the first known Japanese animated short film was created by Osamu Tezuka, who is often referred to as the "father of anime." Over the next several decades, anime continued to evolve, with World War II-era propaganda films giving way to more lighthearted fare in the 1950s and 1960s. By the 1970s, anime had become a major industry in Japan, with studios producing a wide variety of content for television and theatrical release.

**Section 3: Popular Genres**
Anime encompasses a wide range of genres, from action-packed shonen series to heartwarming slice-of-life comedies. Some of the most popular genres include:

- Shonen: Action-packed series aimed at young boys, often featuring superheroes or other powerful characters.
- Shojo: Romantic dramas aimed at young girls, often featuring complex relationships and emotional struggles.
- Seinen: Series aimed at young adult men, often featuring mature themes and more realistic storylines.
- Shoujo Ai: Romantic dramas involving female characters, often exploring the complexities of love and relationships.
- Mecha: Sci-fi series featuring giant robots or other advanced machines.

**Section 4: Conclusion**
Anime is a rich and diverse art form that has captured the imaginations of millions of people around the world. By exploring the basics of anime, we can gain a deeper appreciation for this unique cultural phenomenon. Whether you're a fan of action-packed shonen series or heartwarming slice-of-life comedies, there's something for everyone in the world of anime.

**Glossary:**
- Anime: Japanese animation
- Shonen: Action-packed series aimed at young boys
- Shojo: Romantic dramas aimed at young girls
- Seinen: Series aimed at young adult men
- Shoujo Ai: Romantic dramas involving female characters
- Mecha: Sci-fi series featuring giant robots or other advanced machines


text: Dillon Carmichael‘s sophomore album Son Of A is going to be released Friday, October 22nd – and he’s got an offer for his fans.. That’s one of the more unique marketing strategies for a new release in a while.. Son Of A‘s14-tracks includes “Paychecks and Longnecks”…. the album also feature’s “Hot Beer”. Dillon Carmichael’s Son Of A arrives Friday, October 22nd – and to get a number-one shaved into Dillon’s chest hair, pre-order the album here: . Photo Courtesy of Dillon Carmichael

textbook:
Lesson: Marketing Strategies for Releasing a New Album
Introduction:
Marketing strategies are essential for promoting a new album and ensuring its success. In this lesson, we will explore some of the most effective marketing strategies used by artists to promote their new releases. We will analyze the case study of Dillon Carmichael's sophomore album "Son Of A" and learn how he used unique marketing tactics to create buzz around his album.
Section 1: Understanding the Importance of Marketing Strategies
Marketing strategies are crucial for promoting an artist's work and reaching out to potential audiences. These strategies help create awareness about the new album, generate interest, and ultimately drive sales. Without effective marketing, even the best music may not reach its intended audience.
Section 2: Analyzing Dillon Carmichael's Marketing Strategy
Dillon Carmichael's marketing strategy for his sophomore album "Son Of A" was unique and creative. He offered his fans a chance to get a number-one shaved into his chest hair if they pre-ordered the album. This strategy created a lot of buzz on social media and helped generate interest in the album. He also released two singles, "Paychecks and Longnecks" and "Hot Beer," which were well received by fans and critics alike.
Section 3: The Importance of Unique Marketing Tactics
Unique marketing tactics like Dillon Carmichael's offer to get a number-one shaved into his chest hair can create a lot of buzz and interest in the album. Such tactics help the artist stand out from the crowd and create a memorable impression on potential audiences. They also help generate social media conversations, which can further amplify the reach of the album.
Section 4: The Role of Social Media in Marketing Strategies
Social media plays a crucial role in marketing strategies for releasing a new album. Artists can use social media platforms like Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook to create teasers, share behind-the-scenes footage, and interact with fans. Social media also allows artists to reach out to a wider audience and create a community around their music.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, marketing strategies are essential for promoting a new album and ensuring its success. Dillon Carmichael's unique marketing tactics for his sophomore album "Son Of A" created a lot of buzz and interest in the album. By offering his fans a chance to get a number-one shaved into his chest hair, he stood out from the crowd and created a memorable impression on potential audiences. Social media also played a crucial role in promoting the album and creating a community around the music. By analyzing Dillon Carmichael's marketing strategy, we can learn how to create effective marketing strategies for our own music releases.


text: . Video Reviews. Look out for video reviews of all the popular mainstream dating sites. We’ll be doing some concise video critiques of the whole spectrum of dating sites. The reviews will include details of up to date prices, special offers and all the pros and cons of the sites reviewed. Online dating sites all have their pluses and negatives but it’s important to choose with your eyes open. A niche site that reflects your own interests might look appealing but it’s a waste of money if the nearest other member is too far away from your location. Our independent reviews will be looking at the pitfalls and positives of all the sites we review.

textbook:
**Lesson: How to Read and Understand Online Dating Site Reviews**

**Introduction:**
Online dating has become a popular way for people to meet and form relationships. However, with so many dating sites available, it can be challenging to know which one to choose. One way to make an informed decision is by reading reviews of different dating sites. In this lesson, we will learn how to read and understand online dating site reviews.

**Section 1: Understanding the Review Process**

- What is a review?
A review is a critical assessment of something, such as a product or service, made by someone who has used it. In the case of online dating sites, reviews are written by people who have registered on the site and used its features.

- Why are reviews important?
Reviews are important because they provide valuable information about the quality of a product or service. They can help you understand what to expect from a dating site before you sign up for it.

- How are reviews typically structured?
Reviews are typically structured around a few key components, including:

- Overview: A brief summary of the reviewer's experience with the site.
- Pros: The positive aspects of the site, such as its features or user interface.
- Cons: The negative aspects of the site, such as its pricing or lack of certain features.
- Conclusion: A summary of the reviewer's overall opinion of the site.

**Section 2: Reading and Analyzing Reviews**

- How do I read a review?
When reading a review, pay attention to the following elements:

- The reviewer's experience level: Someone who has been using the site for a long time may have more insight than someone who has only been on the site for a few weeks.
- The specific details provided: Look for reviews that provide concrete examples of the site's features and user experience.
- The reviewer's tone: Pay attention to whether the review is positive or negative, and whether the reviewer seems to be expressing a personal opinion or an objective analysis.

- How do I analyze a review?
To analyze a review, ask yourself the following questions:

- Is the review based on personal experience or opinion?
- Does the review provide specific examples or details?
- Are the pros and cons balanced, or does one outweigh the other?
- Does the review seem biased or influenced by external factors?

**Section 3: Applying Reviews to Your Own Decision-Making Process**

- How do reviews fit into my decision-making process?
Reviews are just one piece of information that you should consider when choosing a dating site. Other factors to consider include the site's popularity, pricing, features, and user base.

- How do I use reviews to make an informed decision?
To use reviews to make an informed decision, follow these steps:

1. Research multiple reviews of the sites you are considering.
2. Look for patterns in the reviews, such as common pros and cons.
3. Consider the source of the review: reviews from reputable sources are generally more reliable than those from individual users.
4. Use the information from the reviews to create a shortlist of sites that meet your needs and preferences.
5. Finally, weigh the pros and cons of each site and make a decision based on your research.

**Glossary:**
- Review: A critical assessment of a product or service, typically written by someone who has used it.
- User Experience (UX): The overall experience a person has when interacting with a product or service.
- Features: Specific aspects or functions of a product or service.

**Conclusion:**
In conclusion, reading and understanding online dating site reviews is an important part of the decision-making process. By following the steps outlined in this lesson, you can gather valuable information about different sites and make an informed decision about which one to choose.


text: YMCA North Staffordshire. The YMCA Heritage Exhibition was on launched on 6 June 2019 at the Houses of Parliament in London and travelled to 9 locations across the United Kingdom. Our youth campus is regarded as one of the best YMCA centres in the country and this is affirmed by winning the Youth Matters Award for YMCA of the Year for 2019. We remain the only YMCA to have won this prestigious award twice, having also won in 2014.. More than 1500 people use YMCA North Staffordshire every month from a wide customer base – young people, families, children, community groups, sports teams, vulnerable adults, youth clubs, business meetings, art classes because they find support and encouragement here. We are a place where young people, families and our communities can get access to services and resources that will help them develop a better future for themselves and others.. Oral Histories from North Staffordship. In partnership with.

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Community Organizations

Introduction:
Community organizations play a vital role in our society. They provide essential services and support to individuals and families in need. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of community organizations, their history, and their impact on our lives.

Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is the importance of community organizations in our society.

Section 1: History of Community Organizations

Topic: The YMCA

The YMCA has a long and storied history. It was founded in 1844 in London, England, by George Williams, a young man who wanted to provide a safe and welcoming space for his fellow workers. Since then, the YMCA has grown into a global organization with millions of members worldwide.

Question: What was the original purpose of the YMCA when it was founded in 1844?
Answer: The original purpose of the YMCA was to provide a safe and welcoming space for young men who were working in London.

Topic: The Youth Matters Award

The Youth Matters Award is an annual award given to outstanding YMCAs around the world. Our YMCA campus has won this prestigious award twice, in 2014 and 2019.

Question: What is the Youth Matters Award and why is it significant?
Answer: The Youth Matters Award is an annual award given to outstanding YMCAs around the world. Winning this award is significant because it recognizes the hard work and dedication of the staff and volunteers at our YMCA campus.

Section 2: Importance of Community Organizations

Topic: Services Provided by Community Organizations

Community organizations like the YMCA provide essential services to individuals and families in need. These services include but are not limited to:

- After-school programs for children
- Job training and employment assistance
- Mental health counseling
- Substance abuse treatment
- Health and wellness programs
- Senior citizen activities

Question: What types of services do community organizations like the YMCA provide?
Answer: Community organizations like the YMCA provide essential services such as after-school programs, job training, mental health counseling, substance abuse treatment, health and wellness programs, and senior citizen activities.

Topic: Impact on Our Lives

Community organizations have a profound impact on our lives. They provide us with opportunities to give back to our communities, learn new skills, and make meaningful connections with others. They also help us address some of the most pressing issues facing our society today, such as poverty, homelessness, and addiction.

Question: How do community organizations impact our lives?
Answer: Community organizations provide us with opportunities to give back to our communities, learn new skills, and make meaningful connections with others. They also help us address some of the most pressing issues facing our society today, such as poverty, homelessness, and addiction.

Section 3: Conclusion

In conclusion, community organizations like the YMCA are essential to our society. They provide essential services and support to individuals and families in need, and they have a profound impact on our lives. By understanding the importance of these organizations, we can appreciate their contributions and work to support them in any way we can.

Glossary:
- YMCA: Young Men's Christian Association
- Youth Matters Award: An annual award given to outstanding YMCAs around the world

Self-Debate Discussion:

Topic: The Importance of Community Organizations

Question: How can we ensure that community organizations continue to thrive and serve our communities effectively?

Possible Answer: We can ensure that community organizations continue to thrive and serve our communities effectively by supporting them financially, volunteering our time and resources, and advocating for their importance to others.


text: Weekend Breakfast with Africa Melane | Cape Talk | 9 November 2019 |. This is the 3rd and final installment of a conversation which this show has been having about unpaid pension schemes in South Africa. Around R42 Billion is sitting in pension schemes which are administered in South Africa. These benefits have been due to former mine-workers and other informal workers who have worked in the country in the past. Take a listen as Michael Marchant from Open Secrets talks to us about this report titled: The Bottom Line.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Unpaid Pension Schemes in South Africa

**Objective:** To introduce students to the concept of unpaid pension schemes in South Africa and the impact they have on the lives of many people.

**Introduction:** In this lesson, we will learn about unpaid pension schemes in South Africa. We will explore what these schemes are, why they exist, and how they affect the lives of many people in the country.

**Section 1: What are Unpaid Pension Schemes?**
- Unpaid pension schemes refer to retirement funds that have been earned by workers but have not been paid out to them.
- These schemes are common in South Africa, particularly in the mining industry, where many workers have not received their pensions despite having contributed to the schemes for years.

**Section 2: Why do Unpaid Pension Schemes Exist?**
- There are several reasons why unpaid pension schemes exist, including mismanagement of funds, fraud, and corruption.
- In some cases, companies may have gone bankrupt or closed down, leaving behind unpaid pension liabilities.
- Additionally, there may be issues with the administration of the pension schemes, leading to delays or errors in payment.

**Section 3: How do Unpaid Pension Schemes Affect People's Lives?**
- Unpaid pension schemes can have a significant impact on the lives of many people in South Africa.
- For example, retired mine-workers who were promised pensions may find themselves living in poverty without the benefits they were promised.
- This can lead to financial strain, health issues, and even violence.

**Glossary:**
- Pension: a regular payment made to someone who has reached the age of retirement or to someone who cannot work anymore because of a disability.
- Retirement Fund: a financial institution that holds and invests money for people who are saving for retirement.
- Mismanagement: the poor or careless handling of resources, such as money or time.
- Fraud: the act of deceiving someone in order to gain an advantage or money.
- Corruption: the use of power for personal gain.

**Conclusion:**
Unpaid pension schemes are a serious issue in South Africa, affecting the lives of many people who have worked hard and contributed to these schemes for years. By understanding the causes and impacts of these schemes, we can work towards finding solutions and ensuring that everyone receives the benefits they are entitled to.


text: This pattern includes 2 patterns for 2 Summer Cotton Sweaters. Sweaters are made in Summer White and Soft Natural. Samples shown are cropped sweaters; row count for Full length is included with each pattern. Sweaters used 7/8” and 11/16” peg spacing looms.. Materials:. Loom: Boye or KB Loom(KISS, Knifty Knitter and Cinduwood loom). Yarn: 100% Cotton or Mercerized Cotton. Yarn:. XS/S 2 skeins Med 3 skeins L 4 skeins. Skillset:.

textbook:
**Lesson: How to Knit on a Loom**

**Introduction**

Knitting on a loom is a fun and easy way to create beautiful garments without needles. In this lesson, we will learn how to knit on a loom by following these steps:

1. Gather materials and set up the loom.
2. Cast on stitches.
3. Knit rows.
4. Bind off rows.
5. Weave in ends.

**Materials**

- A loom (Boye or KB Loom)
- Yarn (100% Cotton or Mercerized Cotton)
- A crochet hook or a tapestry needle

**Step 1: Gather materials and set up the loom**

Before you start knitting, make sure you have all the necessary materials and that your loom is set up correctly. Here's how to do it:

1. Choose the right size loom for your project. For this pattern, we will use a 7/8" or 11/16" peg spacing loom.
2. Thread the loom with your yarn. Start at one end of the loom and thread the yarn through the pegs, going over and under them until you reach the other end.
3. Tie a slipknot at the beginning of your yarn. This will keep the yarn from slipping out of the pegs while you work.

**Step 2: Cast on stitches**

To cast on stitches, you will need to create loops on the pegs of your loom. Here's how to do it:

1. Place a peg marker on the first peg of your loom.
2. Thread your yarn through the peg marker and pull it through to the back of the loom.
3. Wrap the yarn around the peg next to the peg marker and pull it through to the front of the loom.
4. Continue wrapping the yarn around each peg in a clockwise direction, always pulling it through to the front of the loom.
5. When you reach the last peg, tie a knot with the yarn and trim any excess.

**Step 3: Knit rows**

Once you have cast on your stitches, you can start knitting rows. Here's how to do it:

1. Begin with a peg marker on the right side of your loom.
2. Insert your hook into the stitch on the left side of the peg marker and pull it up and over the peg, then drop it onto the peg to the right.
3. Repeat this process until you have worked across all the stitches on the row.
4. To turn your work, move the peg marker to the next peg and continue working in the same manner.

**Step 4: Bind off rows**

When you have finished knitting all the rows of your project, you will need to bind off the stitches to create a finished edge. Here's how to do it:

1. With a crochet hook or a tapestry needle, insert it into the first stitch on the right side of the loom.
2. Pull the loop through the stitch and then pull it tight to remove the stitch from the loom.
3. Continue this process until you have removed all the stitches from the loom.

**Step 5: Weave in ends**

Finally, you will need to weave in any loose ends of yarn that are sticking out from your project. Here's how to do it:

1. Thread your yarn needle with the end of the yarn that needs to be woven in.
2. Weave the yarn in and out of the stitches on the backside of your project until all the ends are securely woven in.
3. Trim any remaining yarn ends close to the fabric.

**Conclusion**

Congratulations! You have completed your first knitting project on a loom. Now that you know how to knit on a loom, you can try making other projects such as scarves, hats, and blankets. Remember to always use the correct loom size and yarn type for your project to ensure success. Happy knitting!


text:
Institute's Linkages

Notice Board

Message from Ag. Director

The establishment of the Institute for Climate Change and Adaptation was approved by the University of Nairobi Senate on September, 22, 2012. The Institute admitted its first cohort of students in March 2013. We now have an enrollment of 216 masters and PhD students. We have graduated one PhD and two MCCA students. We look forward to many more graduating from 2017.

The Institute’s academic staff consists of a diversified team of experts and researchers drawn from within and across the University of Nairobi environ. They are dedicated to building human capacity necessary to address the unique climate change adaptation needs of vulnerable communities through teaching, action-oriented research, development of innovative technologies and community participation. It provides expert advice for national and regional policy formulation and implementation.

Since its establishment the Institute’s mission remains. This is being achieved through the offering of formal training on climate change science and adaptation at postgraduate level (Master’s and Doctorate), offering of professional short courses for various climate change and adaptation actors and stakeholders in the public and private sectors including NGOs; undertaking climate change and adaptation research and engaging in knowledge exchange; action-oriented community outreach programmes for implementation of practical climate change and adaptation options; and policy advice on climate change and adaptation. The institute applies transdisciplinary approaches to its teaching, research and actions. Finally, it becomes a laboratory for policy learning and adjustment.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Climate Change and Adaptation

### Section 1: What is Climate Change?

Climate change refers to long-term shifts in weather patterns and global temperatures caused by natural and human activities. It is a complex issue that affects everyone on Earth.

### Section 2: Why is Climate Change Important?

Climate change is important because it can lead to significant impacts on our environment, health, and economy. It can cause extreme weather events such as hurricanes, floods, and droughts. It also leads to rising sea levels, melting glaciers, and other environmental changes that can harm plants, animals, and humans.

### Section 3: How Can We Combat Climate Change?

There are several ways we can combat climate change. One way is to reduce our carbon footprint by using renewable energy sources, such as solar or wind power. We can also conserve water, use energy-efficient appliances, and reduce our waste. Another way is to support policies that promote clean energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

### Section 4: What is Climate Adaptation?

Climate adaptation refers to adjustments made by individuals, communities, and governments to cope with the impacts of climate change. It involves preparing for and responding to the effects of climate change, such as rising sea levels, increased flooding, and more frequent extreme weather events.

### Section 5: Why is Climate Adaptation Important?

Climate adaptation is important because it helps us prepare for and respond to the impacts of climate change. By taking steps to adapt, we can minimize damage and loss, protect public health and safety, and maintain economic stability.

### Section 6: How Can We Implement Climate Adaptation Strategies?

There are many ways we can implement climate adaptation strategies. Some examples include:
- Building sea walls and other infrastructure to protect against flooding
- Developing early warning systems for extreme weather events
- Planting trees and other vegetation to absorb carbon dioxide and reduce heat
- Investing in renewable energy sources to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
- Updating building codes and land-use plans to account for climate change impacts

### Section 7: Conclusion

In conclusion, climate change and adaptation are important topics that affect us all. By learning about the causes and impacts of climate change and implementing adaptation strategies, we can help protect our planet and its inhabitants.


text: For the first time ever in history, the state administration is all set to come at a standstill for one week from Sunday till June 1 as the government from all departments will be observing zero week as part of run-up to bifurcation on June 2.. Sources say that the entire official machinery will now be engaged for the “trial run administration” of new states, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh so that the bureaucracy can work in both states from June 2.. Employees who have been reportedly allotted on provisional basis will be reporting to their respective state offices. Governor E.S.L. Narasimhan reportedly directed the administration to halt all official transactions from May 25 to June 1 at the Secretariat.. This is including clearance of files and also payment of bills. At the secretariat, the employees and officials allotted to Telangana will be working from A,B,C and D blocks while those who have been allotted to Andhra Pradesh from H,J,K,L blocks.

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Time Management

Introduction:
Time management is an essential skill that everyone should learn. It helps us prioritize our tasks, avoid procrastination, and achieve our goals efficiently. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of time management and how it can benefit us in various aspects of our lives.

Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is that time management is crucial for achieving success in any endeavor. By managing our time effectively, we can accomplish more tasks, reduce stress, and improve our overall well-being.

Section 1: Understanding Time Management

Topic 1: What is Time Management?
Time management refers to the process of planning and organizing our activities to make the most of the time available to us. It involves setting goals, prioritizing tasks, and allocating time effectively to achieve those goals.

Topic 2: Why is Time Management Important?
Effective time management is essential because it allows us to accomplish more tasks in less time. It helps us focus on what is most important and avoid wasting time on unimportant activities. Additionally, time management reduces stress and increases productivity, leading to better overall performance.

Section 2: Practicing Time Management

Topic 1: Setting Goals
To manage our time effectively, we must first set clear and achievable goals. These goals should be specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART). By setting goals, we can prioritize our tasks and allocate our time accordingly.

Topic 2: Prioritizing Tasks
Once we have set our goals, we need to prioritize our tasks based on their importance and urgency. We can use the Eisenhower Matrix to categorize our tasks into four quadrants: urgent and important, important but not urgent, urgent but not important, and neither urgent nor important. By prioritizing our tasks, we can ensure that we are focusing on the most critical tasks first.

Topic 3: Allocating Time Effectively
After prioritizing our tasks, we need to allocate our time effectively to complete them. We can use a daily planner or a calendar to schedule our tasks and ensure that we have enough time to complete them. Additionally, we should avoid multitasking and focus on one task at a time to increase our productivity.

Section 3: Time Management Techniques

Topic 1: The Pomodoro Technique
The Pomodoro Technique involves breaking down our workday into 25-minute intervals, separated by short breaks. This technique helps us maintain focus and avoid burnout by taking regular breaks throughout the day.

Topic 2: The Time Block Technique
The Time Block Technique involves scheduling specific blocks of time for completing particular tasks. This technique helps us stay on track and avoid distractions by dedicating specific time slots to each task.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, time management is an essential skill that can benefit us in various aspects of our lives. By understanding the importance of time management, practicing effective time management techniques, and setting clear goals, we can achieve success in our personal and professional lives.


text:
Buddleja paniculata

Buddleja paniculata is a species of flowering plant in the figwort family Scrophulariaceae,
endemic to a wide upland area from northern India to Bhutan, growing along forest margins, in thickets, and on rocky slopes at elevations of . The species was named by Wallich and introduced to the UK in 1823 as seed sent by Major Madden from the Himalayas to the Glasnevin Botanic Garden.

Description

Buddleja paniculata is a variable deciduous shrub or tree of bushy habit, occasionally reaching  high. The sparse terminal panicles comprise white or pale lilac flowers, some forms pleasantly scented, others not, from December to mid-spring.  The bright green lanceolate leaves are opposite, up to  in length, and covered in fine hairs. 2n = 38.

Cultivation
Owing to its limited horticultural merit, B. paniculata is rarely cultivated. Moreover, it  demands dry soils and frost protection over winter. In the UK, it is grown under glass as part of the NCCPG national collection at Longstock Park Nursery, near Stockbridge. Hardiness: USDA zone 8.

References

Literature
Leeuwenberg, A. J. M. (1979) The Loganiaceae of Africa XVIII Buddleja L. II, Revision of the African & Asiatic species. H. Veenman & Zonen, Wageningen, Nederland.

Li, P. T. & Leeuwenberg, A. J. M. (1996). Loganiaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) Flora of China, Vol. 15. Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA.  online at www.efloras.org

paniculata
Category:Flora of Bhutan
Category:Flora of India (region)
Category:Flora of Nepal

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Buddleja Paniculata

**Objective:** To introduce students to the Buddleja Paniculata plant, its characteristics, and its cultivation.

**Grade Level:** Primary through High School

**Duration:** 45 minutes

**Materials:** Image of Buddleja Paniculata, video on plant growth, worksheet

**Introduction:** Introduce the topic of Buddleja Paniculata, a plant that grows in the Himalayas. Explain that students will learn about its characteristics, cultivation, and uses.

**Section 1: Introduction to Buddleja Paniculata**

1. What is Buddleja Paniculata?
- A species of flowering plant in the figwort family Scrophulariaceae
- Endemic to a wide upland area from northern India to Bhutan
- Grows along forest margins, in thickets, and on rocky slopes at elevations of
- Named by Wallich and introduced to the UK in 1823 as seed sent by Major Madden from the Himalayas to the Glasnevin Botanic Garden

**Section 2: Characteristics of Buddleja Paniculata**

1. What are the characteristics of Buddleja Paniculata?
- Variable deciduous shrub or tree of bushy habit
- Sparse terminal panicles
- White or pale lilac flowers
- Some forms pleasantly scented, others not
- Bright green lanceolate leaves
- Opposite arrangement
- Up to  in length
- Covered in fine hairs
- 2n = 38

**Section 3: Cultivation of Buddleja Paniculata**

1. How is Buddleja Paniculata cultivated?
- Owing to its limited horticultural merit, B. paniculata is rarely cultivated
- Demands dry soils and frost protection over winter
- In the UK, it is grown under glass as part of the NCCPG national collection at L

**Section 4: Uses of Buddleja Paniculata**

1. What are the uses of Buddleja Paniculata?
- Limited horticultural merit
- Used as part of the NCCPG national collection at L

**Conclusion:** Review the main points of the lesson and ask students to summarize what they have learned. Emphasize the importance of understanding the characteristics, cultivation, and uses of plants like Buddleja Paniculata.

**Glossary:**
- Endemic: A species native to a specific geographic region
- Cultivation: The process of preparing land for the growth of plants
- Horticultural merit: The value of a plant in a garden setting
- National collection: A group of plants that represent a particular genus or species in a country
- Frost protection: Measures taken to protect plants from freezing temperatures

**Self-Debate Discussion:** Should plants like Buddleja Paniculata be cultivated more often due to their limited horticultural merit? Why or why not?


text:
Inactivation and unfolding of aminoacylase during denaturation in sodium dodecyl sulfate solutions.
During denaturation by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), aminoacylase shows a rapid decrease in activity with increasing concentration of the detergent to reach complete inactivation at 1.0 mM SDS. The denatured minus native-enzyme difference spectrum showed two negative peaks at 287 and 295 nm. With the increase of concentration of SDS, both negative peaks increased in magnitude to reach maximal values at 5.0 mM SDS. The fluorescence emission intensity of the enzyme decreased, whereas there was no red shift of emission maximum in SDS solutions of increasing concentration. In the SDS concentration regions employed in the present study, no marked changes of secondary structure of the enzyme have been observed by following the changes in far-ultraviolet CD spectra. The inactivation of this enzyme has been followed and compared with the unfolding observed during denaturation in SDS solutions. A marked inactivation is already evident at low SDS concentration before significant conformational changes can be detected by ultraviolet absorbance and fluorescence changes. The inactivation rate constants of free enzyme and substrate-enzyme complex were determined by the kinetics method of the substrate reaction in the presence of inactivator previously described by Tsou [Tsou (1988), Adv. Enzymol. Related Areas Mol. Biol. 61, 381-436]. It was found that substrate protects against inactivation and at the same SDS concentrations, the inactivation rate of the free enzyme is much higher than the unfolding rate. The above results show that the active sites of metal enzyme containing Zn2+ are also situated in a limited and flexible region of the enzyme molecule that is more fragile to denaturants than the protein as a whole.

textbook:
Lesson: Denaturation and Unfolding of Proteins

### Introduction
Proteins are essential macromolecules that play crucial roles in living organisms. They are involved in various biological processes such as catalyzing chemical reactions, DNA replication, and responding to stimuli. However, proteins can lose their function when they undergo denaturation or unfolding. In this lesson, we will learn about the process of denaturation and unfolding of proteins using the example of aminoacylase.

### Section 1: Denaturation
Denaturation is the process by which a protein loses its native structure and function due to external factors such as temperature, pH, or chemicals. When a protein is denatured, its secondary and tertiary structures are disrupted, leading to the loss of its function.

### Section 2: Unfolding
Unfolding refers to the process by which a protein loses its native structure and becomes linear. This occurs when the non-covalent interactions that maintain the protein's structure, such as hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, are disrupted.

### Section 3: Denaturation and Unfolding of Aminoacylase
Aminoacylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of amino acids. During denaturation by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), aminoacylase shows a rapid decrease in activity with increasing concentration of the detergent to reach complete inactivation at 1.0 mM SDS. The denatured minus native-enzyme difference spectrum showed two negative peaks at 287 and 295 nm. With the increase of concentration of SDS, both negative peaks increased in magnitude to reach maximal values at 5.0 mM SDS. The fluorescence emission intensity of the enzyme decreased, whereas there was no red shift of emission maximum in SDS solutions of increasing concentration. In the SDS concentration regions employed in the present study, no marked changes of secondary structure of the enzyme have been observed by following the changes in far-ultraviolet CD spectra. The inactivation of this enzyme has been followed and compared with the unfolding observed during denaturation in SDS solutions.

### Conclusion
Denaturation and unfolding of proteins are essential processes that can lead to the loss of protein function. In this lesson, we have learned about the process of denaturation and unfolding of proteins using the example of aminoacylase. We have seen how the activity of aminoacylase decreases with increasing concentration of SDS, leading to complete inactivation at 1.0 mM SDS. We have also seen how the denatured minus native-enzyme difference spectrum and fluorescence emission intensity of the enzyme change with increasing concentration of SDS. Finally, we have learned how the inactivation of aminoacylase has been followed and compared with the unfolding observed during denaturation in SDS solutions.

### Glossary
- Denaturation: The process by which a protein loses its native structure and function due to external factors such as temperature, pH, or chemicals.
- Unfolding: The process by which a protein loses its native structure and becomes linear.
- Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS): A detergent that is commonly used to denature proteins.
- Native-enzyme: The enzyme in its native, functional state.
- Denatured-enzyme: The enzyme after it has been denatured and lost its native structure and function.
- Fluorescence emission intensity: The amount of light emitted by a fluorescent molecule when it absorbs photons.
- Far-ultraviolet CD spectra: A technique used to study the secondary structure of proteins by measuring their absorption of light at specific wavelengths.


text: The Decision Makers. I think the middle class in any society comprises those people in charge of decision making. Now, "decision making" or "decision makers" if you like, is quite ambiguous. Precisely put, I mean the people placed in such positions as to be able to influence the economic and political dynamics. The determinant here is one's purchasing power as stated by Matthijs van den Broek above. Once one is able to consume to his substantial satisfaction (i.e meeting all life's basics) then I think they qualify to fall among the middle class. But this is not entirely all--for there is the question of status in society. But this is easily answered by one's ability to purchase and consume goods and services, hence the nexus between economics and politics. Knowledge and access to information determine status and this is easily attained once one is able to purchase commodities.

textbook:
**Lesson: Understanding the Middle Class**

**Introduction:**
The middle class is an essential part of any society. They are the decision-makers who influence economic and political dynamics. In this lesson, we will explore the characteristics of the middle class, their role in society, and how they impact the world around them.

**Section 1: Defining the Middle Class**

The middle class is typically defined by their income, education, and occupation. They are people who have a comfortable standard of living but are not wealthy enough to be considered part of the upper class. In many societies, the middle class is the largest group, and they play a crucial role in shaping the country's future.

**Section 2: Role of the Middle Class**

The middle class is often referred to as the "backbone" of society because they are the ones who drive economic growth and stability. They are the consumers who buy goods and services, which in turn creates jobs and stimulates economic growth. Additionally, the middle class is often politically active and influential, as they have a strong voice in shaping public policy.

**Section 3: Impact of the Middle Class**

The middle class has a significant impact on society, both economically and politically. They are the ones who create demand for products and services, which leads to job creation and economic growth. Additionally, the middle class is often politically active and influential, as they have a strong voice in shaping public policy.

**Conclusion:**

In conclusion, the middle class is an essential part of any society. They are the decision-makers who influence economic and political dynamics. By understanding their characteristics, role, and impact, we can better appreciate the importance of this group in shaping our world.


text: Bailey Webber is a student investigative journalist, writer and co-director of The Student Body - an inspiring new film explores the controversial issue of government mandated BMI testing of students and the ensuing 'Fat Letters'. Bailey is the daughter of Michael Webber, a motion picture producer and renowned documentary filmmaker. Coming Spring 2015.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Write a Compelling Movie Synopsis

## Introduction
A movie synopsis is a brief description of a film's plot that aims to intrigue potential viewers and entice them to watch the film. In this lesson, we will learn how to write a compelling movie synopsis by analyzing the elements that make up a great synopsis.

## Section 1: Understanding the Purpose of a Movie Synopsis
The purpose of a movie synopsis is to provide a brief overview of the storyline, introduce the main characters, and highlight the central conflict or theme of the film. A good synopsis should be engaging, informative, and leave the reader wanting more.

## Section 2: Analyzing the Elements of a Great Movie Synopsis
A great movie synopsis typically includes the following elements:

1. Hook: A hook is a statement or sentence that grabs the reader's attention and makes them want to read more. It can be a provocative question, a surprising fact, or a quote from the film.

2. Setting: A brief description of the time and place in which the film is set.

3. Characters: A brief introduction to the main characters, including their names, occupations, and relationships to one another.

4. Conflict: An explanation of the central conflict or theme of the film, including any obstacles the characters must overcome.

5. Plot: A summary of the main events and turning points in the story, leading up to the climax and resolution.

6. Tone: A description of the overall mood or atmosphere of the film, including any specific emotions or messages conveyed.

## Section 3: Practical Examples
Let's use the following movie synopsis as an example:

"In a dystopian future, a young woman named Trinity must unite with a group of rebels to bring down a ruthless corporation that controls the world. Along the way, she discovers her own powers and the true meaning of courage."

1. Hook: "In a dystopian future..."

2. Setting: The film takes place in a world controlled by a ruthless corporation.

3. Characters: The main character is Trinity, a young woman with untapped powers. She is joined by a group of rebels who share her goal of bringing down the corporation.

4. Conflict: Trinity and the rebels must fight against the powerful corporation that controls their world.

5. Plot: As Trinity learns more about her own abilities and the strength of her allies, she becomes more determined to bring down the corporation. However, the road is fraught with danger and betrayal, and not everyone will make it out alive.

6. Tone: The tone of the film is dark and intense, with moments of hope and triumph amidst the struggle against oppression.

## Conclusion
Writing a compelling movie synopsis requires a deep understanding of the story's central conflict, themes, and characters. By following the elements outlined above, you can create a brief but engaging summary that captures the reader's attention and leaves them eager to see the film.


text:
Boston Marathon Photo Helps Son Find Two Injured Parents

Ann Whalley is in worse shape. She is still on a respirator with more damage to tissue than to bone. "She is out of shock now," he said. "Most of the damage is to her foot. They had to do reconstruction and it's unclear whether or not she'll have mobility. She has to have another surgery."

Whalley has been struck by the kindness of others -- but equally impressed with the power of social media and crowd sharing sites.

Within hours of the bombings, friends from Whalley's alma mater, MIT, had set up a page on the website GiveForward to help his parents with their medical expenses. They both will require at least two more weeks of hospitalization and extensive rehabilitation, treatment that could send costs into the "millions," he said.

Any extra funds will go to help other victims' families, he said.

"The Internet had a really important role in how our story played out and how we could respond to the crisis," said Whalley.

"I mean it's been pretty surreal," he said. "But we've had a lot of support from the community. One of the messages of this story is these online tools are available to people to go and aid others in the recovery process. Getting help can sometimes be overwhelming."

Whalley finds his own strength through the support of others. "You just do the things you can to help and try to keep the faith," he said. "It's been really difficult for a lot of people, but the community has come together to help. There are a lot of positive things that come out of this."

To learn more and to help victims with their medical bills go to GiveForward.

textbook:
Lesson: The Power of Social Media and Crowd Sharing Sites

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the power of social media and crowd sharing sites in helping people during times of need. We will explore how these platforms can be used to raise funds, provide support, and spread awareness.

Section 1: The Importance of Social Media and Crowd Sharing Sites

Topic 1: Raising Funds
Social media and crowd sharing sites have become powerful tools for raising funds for those in need. Through these platforms, individuals and organizations can create fundraising campaigns that reach a wide audience. For example, after the Boston Marathon bombings, a friend of one of the victims set up a page on the website GiveForward to help his parents with their medical expenses. Within hours, friends from the victim's alma mater, MIT, had donated thousands of dollars to the cause.

Topic 2: Providing Support
Social media and crowd sharing sites also provide a platform for people to show their support and solidarity with those in need. By sharing stories, posting messages of encouragement, and offering prayers, individuals can create a sense of community and comfort for those who are struggling. For example, after the Boston Marathon bombings, people from all over the world shared messages of support and hope on social media, letting the victims and their families know that they were not alone.

Topic 3: Spreading Awareness
Social media and crowd sharing sites can also be used to spread awareness about important issues and causes. By sharing information and starting conversations, individuals can help raise awareness and encourage others to get involved. For example, after the Boston Marathon bombings, news outlets and individuals shared information about the attack and the victims on social media, helping to spread awareness and keep the story in the public eye.

Section 2: Practical Examples

Topic 1: The Boston Marathon Bombings
After the Boston Marathon bombings, social media and crowd sharing sites played a crucial role in helping those affected by the tragedy. Friends and family of the victims used these platforms to share information, find loved ones, and offer support. Additionally, the GiveForward page set up by the victim's friend raised thousands of dollars to help with medical expenses.

Topic 2: Natural Disasters
During natural disasters, social media and crowd sharing sites can be used to provide important information and resources to those affected. For example, during Hurricane Sandy, individuals and organizations used social media to share updates about evacuation orders, shelter locations, and relief efforts. Crowd sharing sites like Airbnb also partnered with local organizations to provide free housing to those who had been displaced by the storm.

Topic 3: Political and Social Movements
Social media and crowd sharing sites have also become important tools for political and social movements. For example, during the Arab Spring uprisings, activists used social media to organize protests, share information about human rights abuses, and connect with others around the world. Similarly, the Black Lives Matter movement has used social media to raise awareness about police brutality and organize protests and demonstrations.

Section 3: Conclusion

In conclusion, social media and crowd sharing sites have proven to be powerful tools for raising funds, providing support, and spreading awareness. By leveraging these platforms, individuals and organizations can make a real difference in the lives of those in need. Whether it's raising funds for medical expenses, providing support for those affected by natural disasters, or spreading awareness about important issues, social media and crowd sharing sites offer a unique and effective way to make a positive impact.

Glossary:
- Social media: websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or participate in social networking.
- Crowd sharing sites: websites that allow individuals to contribute money to specific causes or projects.
- Fundraising campaigns: organized efforts to raise money for a specific cause or project.
- Solidarity: a feeling of unity or togetherness among individuals who share a common interest or goal.
- Awareness: the state of being aware or informed about a particular issue or situation.


text: ichthammol(redirected from Ammonium bituminosulfonate). Also found in: Dictionary, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.. Related to Ammonium bituminosulfonate: Ichthyol. ichthammol[ik´tham-ol]. an ammoniated coal tar product, used in ointment form for certain skin diseases.. ichthammoltopical bituminous agent with mild antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties; used to treat chronic inflammatory skin conditions, e.g. eczema; venous eczema, bursitis (ichthammol ointment BP; zinc and ichthammol cream BP; zinc paste and ichthammol bandage BP; 10% ichthammol in glycerin; 12.5% ichthammol in collodion). ichthammol. an ammoniated coal tar product, used as an ointment in the treatment of acute, septic lesions such as cellulitis and abscesses.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Coal Tar Products

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
In this lesson, we will learn about coal tar products, their uses, and their properties. Coal tar is a thick, sticky liquid that is produced when coal is heated or processed. It contains many chemicals that have medicinal or industrial applications. One of the most common coal tar products is ichthammol, which is used in medicine to treat skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis.

### Section 2: Practical Examples
To understand how ichthammol works, let's look at its chemical composition. It contains several compounds, including phenols, cresols, and naphthalenes. These compounds have anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, which help to reduce redness, swelling, and itching associated with skin conditions. In addition, ichthammol has a mild acidity, which helps to break down dead skin cells and promote healthier skin growth.

### Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
Ichthammol is typically applied to the skin as an ointment or cream. When used consistently over several weeks, it can help to clear up chronic skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis. However, it is important not to use ichthammol for acne or other inflammatory conditions, as it may worsen these conditions.

### Glossary
- Coal tar: A thick, sticky liquid that is produced when coal is heated or processed.
- Ichthammol: A coal tar product that is used in medicine to treat skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis.
- Phenols, cresols, and naphthalenes: Chemical compounds found in ichthammol that have anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties.
- Ointment: A thick, greasy substance that is applied to the skin to treat various conditions.
- Cream: A smooth, spreadable substance that is applied to the skin to moisturize or treat various conditions.

### Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned about coal tar products, specifically ichthammol, and its uses in treating skin conditions. We also explored the chemical composition of ichthammol and how it works to treat these conditions. By understanding the properties and applications of ichthammol, we can apply this knowledge to other areas of medicine and science.