text:
Q:

mysql primary key question

How optimal is it to have a primary key on 3 or 4 fields? If the table has say millions of records, is it going to be heavy on the server running a query such as:
Select * from my_table where field1='123' and field_2='123' and field_3='hours'

The primary key is created on these fields:
field_1 int(11)
field_2 int(11)
field_3 varchar(20)
What I'm considering doing as an alternative is have those fields store the data with a primary key on a separate field which has an md5 hash of the data such as "md5(field_1+'-'+field_2+'-'+field_3) and then my script just queries one field such as:
Select * from my_table where field_hash=MD5('123-123-hours')

So basically I'm just wondering if method 1 is just as optimal as method 2 with a table with millions of records.

A:

You can read about the composite key performance from the answers to question Composite Primary Key performance drawback in MySQL
Before doing this kind of optimization, you should always measure the effects. That is, create two tables with the same data, one using composite key and the other the hash, and try which one works better in you use case.
In general, I don't like using nonsensical key values if not absolutely necessary. If the hash is used as the primary key it means that the user of the database must be aware of the ID generation process. This leads to more documentation, that will not be read, and errors in the long run.
Instead of using the  composite key you might want to see, if there is a possibility of normalizing your database further. Does the composite key represent a different entity and should it actually form an second table where you can attach a surrogate key to the set of columns?
Another option is to use a surrogate key in the current table and then place a unique constraint to the current composite key e.g.
create table
   id int(11) primary key,
   field1 int(11),
   field_2 int(11),
   field_3 varchar(20),
   constraint uq_composite unique (field1, field_2, field_3);

textbook:
Lesson:

## Chapter 1: Introduction to Composite Keys

### Section 1: What are Composite Keys?

Composite keys are a combination of two or more columns that make up a unique identifier for a table. They are used when there is no single column that can uniquely identify each row in the table. In contrast to simple primary keys, composite keys can be made up of multiple data types, including numbers, text, and dates.

### Section 2: Advantages of Composite Keys

Composite keys have several advantages over simple primary keys. For example, they can help ensure data integrity by preventing duplicate entries in the table. Additionally, they can provide more flexibility in terms of data organization and retrieval.

### Section 3: Disadvantages of Composite Keys

One disadvantage of composite keys is that they can be more difficult to manage than simple primary keys. This is because they require more complex queries to retrieve data from the table. Additionally, if the composite key contains a large number of columns, it can be difficult to optimize queries for speed and efficiency.

### Section 4: Examples of Composite Keys

An example of a composite key might be a table of employees, where the key consists of the employee's ID number and their department code. Another example might be a table of customer orders, where the key consists of the order number and the customer name.

### Section 5: Practice Questions

1. What are the advantages of using composite keys instead of simple primary keys?
2. How can composite keys help ensure data integrity?
3. What are some disadvantages of composite keys?
4. Can you give an example of a table that might use a composite key?

### Conclusion

In this lesson, we learned about composite keys and their advantages and disadvantages. We also explored examples of when they might be used and practiced answering questions related to their use. By understanding the benefits and challenges of composite keys, we can make informed decisions about how to organize and retrieve data in our databases.

## Glossary:
- Composite key: A key that is made up of two or more columns that make up a unique identifier for a table.
- Simple primary key: A key that is made up of a single column that uniquely identifies each row in a table.
- Data integrity: The quality of being accurate and consistent.


text: Product Description. High temperature high pressure bulkheads are designed to function in the most severe of operating conditions and have been exposed to a combination of pressures and temperatures in excess of 25,000 PSI an 400°F(240°C). They are rugged enough to withstand the worst handling conditions in the field, whether they are on land or at sea.. We are also proficient in the business of customizing the design of high pressure bulkheads specifically to meet your project needs. Whether a minor modification, such as pin length or pin termination method, or a new, custom-made, design to meet even higher pressures and temperatures up to 30,000 PSI at 500ºF (260ºC), we have the experience to design, manufacture and test your product.

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson Title: Understanding High Temperature High Pressure Bulkheads

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about high temperature high pressure bulkheads, their design, and applications. We will cover the following topics:

1. What are high temperature high pressure bulkheads?
2. How are they designed to function in severe operating conditions?
3. What are their applications?
4. How can we customize their design to meet specific project needs?

Section 1: What are high temperature high pressure bulkheads?
High temperature high pressure bulkheads are components that are used in systems where there is a need to transmit pressure or vacuum from one part of the system to another while maintaining a seal. These bulkheads are designed to function in the most severe of operating conditions and have been exposed to a combination of pressures and temperatures in excess of 25,000 PSI an 400°F(240°C).

Section 2: How are they designed to function in severe operating conditions?
High temperature high pressure bulkheads are designed to withstand the worst handling conditions in the field, whether they are on land or at sea. They are rugged enough to function in extreme environments, including high temperatures and pressures. This is achieved through the use of high-quality materials, such as stainless steel, and advanced manufacturing techniques, such as CNC machining.

Section 3: What are their applications?
High temperature high pressure bulkheads are used in a wide range of applications, including aerospace, automotive, and industrial processes. They are commonly used in systems that require high-pressure and high-temperature sealing, such as fuel systems, hydraulic systems, and pneumatic systems.

Section 4: How can we customize their design to meet specific project needs?
We are also proficient in the business of customizing the design of high pressure bulkheads specifically to meet your project needs. Whether a minor modification, such as pin length or pin termination method, or a new, custom-made, design to meet even higher pressures and temperatures up to 30,000 PSI at 500ºF (260ºC), we have the experience to design, manufacture and test your product.

Conclusion:
In summary, high temperature high pressure bulkheads are components that are designed to function in the most severe of operating conditions. They are used in a wide range of applications that require high-pressure and high-temperature sealing. We can customize their design to meet specific project needs, making them a versatile component for many industries. By understanding the principles behind their design and applications, we can apply these skills to new problems and develop innovative solutions.


text:
Q:

Fastest way to share a connection and data from it with multiple processes?

I have multiple app processes that each connect to servers and receive data from them. Often the servers being connected to and the data being retrieved overlaps between processes. So there is a lot of unnecessary duplication of the data across the network, more connections than should be necessary (which taxes the servers), and the data ends up getting stored redundantly in memory in the apps.
One solution would be to combine the multiple app processes into a single one -- but for the most part they really are logically distinct, and that could be years of work.
Unfortunately, latency is critically important, and the volume of data is huge (any one datum may not be too big, but once a client makes a request the server will send a rapid stream of updates as the data changes, which can be upwards of 20MB/s, and these all need to be given to the requesting apps with the shortest possible delay).
The solution that comes to mind is to code a local daemon process, that the app processes would request data from. The daemon would check if a connection to the appropriate server already exists, and if not make one. Then it would retrieve the data and using shared memory (due to latency concern, otherwise I'd use sockets) give the data to the requesting app.
A simpler idea in the short term that would only solve the redundant connections would be to use unix domain sockets (this will run on a unix OS, though I prefer to stick to crossplatform libs when I can) to share a socket descriptor between all the processes, so they share a single connection. The issue with this is consuming the buffer -- I want all the processes to see everything coming over the socket, and if I understand right with this approach a read in one process on the socket will prevent other processes from seeing the same data on their next read (the offset within the shared descriptor will be bumped).

A:

I recommend that you take a look at ZeroMQ. This might help solve your problem. I don't think that 20MB/s is very high ... you should be able to achieve that level of throughput by just using the TCP transport in ZeroMQ. There is also support for other transport mechanisms, including reliable multicast using OpenPGM. There are plans to add UNIX pipes as a transport mechanism.
Messaging will probably be safer and easier than shared memory. Notably if you use messaging instead of shared memory then you can split up your application components across a cluster of servers ... which might give you significantly better performance than shared memory, depending on where your bottlenecks are.

A:

I believe a dedicated service that exposes the data via shared memory is your best bet. Secondary from that would be a service that multicasts the data via named pipes, except that you're targeting a Unix variant and not Windows.
Another option would be UDP multicast, so that the data replication occurs at the hardware or driver level. The only problem is that UDP data delivery is not guaranteed to be in order, nor is it guaranteed to deliver at all.
I think sharing the physical socket is a hack and should be avoided, you would be better off implementing a driver that did what you wanted the daemon to do transparently (e.g. processes saw the socket as a normal socket except internally the socket was mapped to a single socket, where logic existed to re-broadcast the data among the virtual sockets.) Unfortunately the level of effort to get it right would be significant, and if time to complete is a concern sharing the socket isn't really a good route to take (whether done at the driver level, or via some other hacky means such as sharing the socket descriptor cross-process.)
Sharing the socket also assumes that it is a push-only connection, e.g. no traffic negotiation is ocurring at the app level (requests for data, for example, or acknowledgements of data receipt.)
A quick-path to completion may be to look at projects such as BNC and convert the code, or hijack the general idea, to do what you need. Replicating traffic to local sockets shouldn't incur a huge latency, though you would be exercising the NIC (and associated buffers) for all of the data replication and if you are nearing the limit of the hardware (or have a poor driver and/or TCP stack implementation) then you may wind up with a dead server. Where I work we've seen data replication tank a gigabit ether card at the driver level, so it's not unheard of.
Shared Memory is the best bet if you want to remain platform independent, and performant, while not introducing anything that may become unsupportable in 5 years time due to kernel or hardware/driver changes.

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson: Sharing Data Between Processes in Real-time Applications

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the fastest way to share a connection and data from it with multiple processes in real-time applications. We will cover the following topics:

1. The problem of redundant data and connections
2. The solution: Shared Memory Objects
3. Implementation of Shared Memory Objects
4. Advantages and Disadvantages of Shared Memory Objects
5. Conclusion

1. The problem of redundant data and connections:

In real-time applications, data is constantly changing, and it is essential to provide the latest information to users as quickly as possible. However, when multiple processes connect to servers and retrieve data, there is often unnecessary duplication of the data across the network, more connections than should be necessary (which taxes the servers), and the data ends up getting stored redundantly in memory in the apps. This leads to performance issues and increased network traffic.

2. The solution: Shared Memory Objects:

Shared Memory Objects (SMOs) provide a mechanism for multiple processes to share memory and access the same data. By using SMOs, processes can avoid redundant data transfer and access the same data from a central location, reducing network traffic and improving performance.

3. Implementation of Shared Memory Objects:

To implement SMOs, you can use libraries such as Boost.Interprocess or Posix Threads. These libraries provide functions to create and manage shared memory segments, which can be accessed by multiple processes.

Here's an example of how to implement SMOs using Boost.Interprocess:

```c++
#include <boost/interprocess/shared_memory.hpp>
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    // Create a shared memory segment
    boost::interprocess::shared_memory segment(boost::interprocess::create_only, 1024);

    // Allocate space for integers
    boost::interprocess::mapped_region region(segment, boost::interprocess::read_write);
    int* ptr = static_cast<int*>(region.get_address());

    // Write to the shared memory
    *ptr = 42;

    // Read from the shared memory
    std::cout << "Value: " << *ptr << std::endl;

    return 0;
}
```

4. Advantages and Disadvantages of Shared Memory Objects:

Advantages:
- Reduces network traffic and improves performance by avoiding redundant data transfer
- Provides faster access to data by allowing multiple processes to access the same memory location
- Can be used to synchronize data between processes

Disadvantages:
- Requires additional setup and configuration
- May require additional memory management to ensure consistency and correctness
- May not be portable across different platforms or systems

5. Conclusion:

Shared Memory Objects provide a powerful tool for sharing data between multiple processes in real-time applications. By avoiding redundant data transfer and providing faster access to data, SMOs can significantly improve performance and reduce network traffic. However, it is essential to carefully consider the advantages and disadvantages of SMOs and ensure that they are appropriate for your specific application.


text: Podcast: Play in new window | Download. On this show of BIG BOLD YOU Gens Johnson and Lonnie Beerman talks about The Importance of Male Role Models. It’s important for people to realize that when you do have the right person in your life it makes the world a difference. In life everybody deserves to have somebody at least one person who jumping up and down and cheering your name and you just doing that if you’re gonna get out of your comfort zone. Listen to the show and explore the best way to create a male role model in your life.. Listen to this show and stay tune for upcoming shows on every Monday 3 pm CT.. Watch more episodes:. Recent Comments

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Male Role Models
Introduction:
In this lesson, we will explore the importance of having male role models in our lives. We will learn about the benefits of having a positive male influence and how it can impact our personal growth and development.
Section 1: The Importance of Male Role Models
Topic 1: The Benefits of Having a Positive Male Influence
- Having a positive male role model can provide guidance, support, and encouragement.
- A male role model can help us develop important life skills and provide a sense of direction.
- They can also inspire us to reach our full potential and achieve our goals.
Topic 2: The Impact of Negative Male Influence
- Having a negative male role model can lead to negative behavior and choices.
- A negative influence can discourage us and hold us back from achieving our goals.
- It is essential to avoid negative influences and seek out positive ones.
Section 2: Finding a Male Role Model
Topic 1: How to Identify a Positive Male Influence
- Look for someone who has qualities that you admire and respect.
- Consider someone who has achieved success in their field or has overcome challenges.
- Choose someone who has a positive attitude and outlook on life.
Topic 2: Building a Relationship with Your Male Role Model
- Take the time to get to know them and learn from their experiences.
- Ask questions and listen to their advice.
- Show appreciation and respect for their time and guidance.
Section 3: Being a Male Role Model
Topic 1: The Responsibility of Being a Positive Influence
- As a male, it is essential to be a positive influence on those around us.
- We have the power to inspire and encourage others to reach their full potential.
- It is our responsibility to be a role model for future generations.
Topic 2: The Impact of Being a Negative Influence
- Negative behavior can have a significant impact on those around us.
- It can lead to destructive choices and behaviors.
- We must take responsibility for our actions and strive to be a positive influence.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, having a male role model can have a significant impact on our personal growth and development. It is essential to seek out positive influences and avoid negative ones. As males, we have the responsibility to be positive role models for future generations. By following these guidelines, we can make a difference in the world and inspire others to reach their full potential.


text: The NP RTS Association provides information technology services.. The services of the NP RTS Association include data transmission services, deployment of customer equipment on the premises of the partnership, network connections, and Internet access services.. To facilitate customer operations, an electronic document management (henceforth EDM) system is provided. The EDM system provides for the exchange of electronically signed electronic documents between users of the EDM System, and grants access to a user’s personal web-cabinet at the EDM System.. The NP RTS Association seeks to develop new services and technologies. New products of the NP RTS Association include the provision of electronic signatures from the Certification Center for the transmission of documents through the EDM and Quatro systems as well as participation in electronic trading on OTS electronic platforms.. Sales Department of the NP RTS Association. Technical Support of the NP RTS Association

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Information Technology Services

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Information technology (IT) refers to the use of computers, software, and networks to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data. IT services are a subset of IT that provide specific functions to businesses or individuals. In this lesson, we will explore the various IT services provided by the NP RTS Association.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's consider a real-world scenario where the NP RTS Association's IT services can be applied. Suppose you own a small business and need to send a document to your client. You can use the EDM system provided by the NP RTS Association to securely transmit the document with an electronic signature. This ensures that the document reaches the client securely and the client can easily access it in their personal web-cabinet.

## Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

Why is it important to use secure methods of transmitting documents? What are the risks associated with sending sensitive information through unsecured channels? How does the NP RTS Association's EDM system ensure the security of transmitted documents?

## Glossary
- Electronic Document Management (EDM) System: A software application that enables users to manage and store documents electronically.
- Electronic Signature: A digital representation of a physical signature that is used to authenticate the sender of a document.
- Personal Web-Cabinet: An online platform provided by the EDM system where users can access their personal documents.
- Certification Center: A government-approved organization that issues electronic signatures to individuals or businesses.
- OTS Electronic Platforms: Electronic trading platforms that allow businesses to buy and sell goods and services online.

## Conclusion

In this lesson, we explored the various IT services provided by the NP RTS Association, including data transmission services, deployment of customer equipment, network connections, Internet access services, and the EDM system. We also discussed a practical example of how these services can be applied in a real-world scenario. Finally, we engaged in self-debating discussions about the importance of secure document transmission and the risks associated with unsecured channels. By understanding the concepts and applications of IT services, we can apply these skills to solve new problems in the future.


text:
Federal Rural University of Pernambuco

The Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (, UFRPE) is a higher education institution in Brazil, specializing in courses in agricultural sciences and other courses that "compete or will compete for the development of rural areas." The university also conducts research in these areas. However, in recent years the university has added a wider variety of courses (related or not to the rural areas). It has three campuses, one in Recife (headquarters), one in Garanhuns and another in Serra Talhada, UFRPE still possesses advanced campuses throughout the state.

Library
The Central Library UFRPE emerged in 1914 as "book depository" Courses of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine "São Bento", originally in Olinda, PE. In 1938 with the change of these courses to Dois Irmãos, in Recife, the collection was transferred, occupying an area of 229 m² on the ground floor of the central building of UFRPE until 1976 when the building was constructed with 1026 m². Its facilities were expanded in 2000 m² over from 1980 with the construction of an annex, composed of three floors, then going to occupy physical area of 3026 m².

From 1947 to 1955 the Library was named "Library of the Rural University of Pernambuco (B-UFRPE)." Federalized, the University through Decree No. 2,524 of 04/07/1955 combined with Law No. 2,920 of 10.13.1956, joined the federal system of education as an teaching institution and library, to be called "University Library Federal Rural de Pernambuco (B-UFRPE)". That same year saw the start of the technical handling collections.

From the Decree No. 93 of 03/11/1975, the library was renamed to the Central Library of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (BC-UFRPE). In 1978, the Senior Management of UFRPE paying posthumous tribute to one of the masters of this house, he named Professor Mário de Andrade Lima Coelho. Historically, however, the tradition of many years, the Library until today is better known as the Central Library of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (BC-UFRPE).

References

External links
UFRPE - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco official website
Central Library of UFRPE official website

Category:Educational institutions established in 1912
Category:Federal universities of Brazil
Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco
Category:1912 establishments in Brazil

textbook:
Lesson 1: Introduction to the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco

### Overview
In this lesson, we will learn about the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) in Brazil. We will explore its history, mission, and courses offered. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to understand the importance of UFRPE in providing education and research in agricultural sciences and other related fields.

### Objectives
- Understand the history and mission of UFRPE
- Identify the courses offered by UFRPE
- Explain the significance of UFRPE in the development of rural areas

### Section 1: Introduction to UFRPE
- What is UFRPE?
  - A higher education institution in Brazil
  - Specializes in courses related to agricultural sciences and rural development

### Section 2: History of UFRPE
- When was UFRPE established?
  - 1914 as "book depository" Courses of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine "São Bento"
- Where are the campuses located?
  - One in Recife (headquarters)
  - One in Garanhuns
  - Another in Serra Talhada

### Section 3: Courses Offered at UFRPE
- What courses does UFRPE offer?
  - Courses related to agricultural sciences and rural development
  - Wide variety of courses (related or not to the rural areas)

### Section 4: Research at UFRPE
- What kind of research does UFRPE conduct?
  - Research in agricultural sciences and other related fields

### Section 5: Conclusion
- Why is UFRPE important?
  - Provides education and research in agricultural sciences and other related fields
  - Contributes to the development of rural areas

### Glossary
- Higher education institution: A college or university that offers academic degrees
- Agricultural sciences: Branch of science that deals with the principles and practices of agriculture
- Rural development: Process of improving the quality of life of people in rural areas

### Self-Debate Discussion
- How can universities like UFRPE contribute to the development of rural areas?
- What are the challenges faced by universities in providing education and research in agricultural sciences?


text: Luxury Vismara display cabinets follow a modular system, providing the greatest flexibility in combining and planning the home living. Utmost attention has been paid to aesthetic and technical details: top selection of materials, stainless steel handles, covering for hinges, soft closing doors, led lights with sensors and extra light glasses for shelves and doors. The Vismara Display Cabinets can be personalized with decorative inserts like embroidered leathers, back-lit marbles, metallic fibers and inlayed woods. Also colors and lacquering can be customized on the basis of client tastes.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Modular Design

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

**Modular Design** is a design method that separates the whole into smaller parts called modules, which can be independently created, tested, and combined. This approach allows for greater flexibility, adaptability, and scalability in the design process.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's consider a modular design for a kitchen. The designer can break down the kitchen into smaller components such as countertops, cabinets, appliances, and sinks. Each component can be designed and tested individually before being combined with the others. This approach allows for greater flexibility in customizing the kitchen to meet the specific needs of the homeowner.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

A company wants to create a new product line but is unsure about the best approach. They decide to use a modular design method, breaking down the product into smaller components such as materials, manufacturing processes, and assembly methods. By testing and refining each component independently, they are able to develop a more efficient and cost-effective production process.

## Glossary
- **Modules**: Smaller parts that can be independently created, tested, and combined to form a larger whole.
- **Flexibility**: The ability to adapt to different situations or changes.
- **Adaptability**: The quality of being able to adjust to new conditions or situations.
- **Scalability**: The ability to increase or decrease in size or complexity according to need.

## Conclusion

In this lesson, we learned about the concept of modular design and its benefits in the design process. We explored practical examples and real-world scenarios to demonstrate the application of this approach. By understanding the principles of modular design, we can apply these skills to new problems and create more efficient and adaptable solutions.


text: Apart from the beautiful decorations and perfectly placed greenery, we all can use a little Christmas kitsch to keep the holiday mood light + upbeat.. Those sweet faces.. Imperfectly perfect!. This set of deer was also made by my mother-in-law but aren't a part of the Kitschmas collection. Their colors work better with the natural decor that resides in the foyer.. I don't know about you, but this week has been non-stop Christmas shopping. Now, if I could just find someone to help me wrap.... I love the green tree, my mom had one when we were growing up. A nice memory.. I too like a more minimal look but Christmas time calls out for cute little things made with love.. and... I haven't begun my shopping yet. (except for something that I bought a few months back). Yikes. Thank you for visiting my site, Sarah, I had to come back to take another peek! Wonderful photography :). xo

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Christmas Kitsch
Introduction:
Christmas is a time of joy and celebration. It is a time when people come together to share love, laughter, and gifts. However, sometimes the holiday season can become overwhelming, and it can be hard to keep the holiday spirit alive. That is where Christmas kitsch comes in.
What is Christmas Kitsch?
Christmas kitsch refers to the decorations, ornaments, and other items that are often seen as tacky or cheesy but add a fun and playful element to the holiday season. These items are usually brightly colored, have a nostalgic feel, and are meant to bring a smile to your face.
Why is Christmas Kitsch Important?
Christmas kitsch is important because it helps to lighten the mood and make the holiday season more enjoyable. It is a way to celebrate the joy of the holiday without taking it too seriously. Christmas kitsch reminds us that the holiday season is a time to have fun, be silly, and enjoy the company of those we love.
Types of Christmas Kitsch
There are many types of Christmas kitsch, including ornaments, tree skirts, stockings, and even food. Some popular types of Christmas kitsch include:
1. Vintage ornaments - These ornaments are often handmade and have a nostalgic feel. They can be found at thrift stores, antique shops, and online marketplaces.
2. Novelty ornaments - These ornaments are often brightly colored and feature funny or quirky designs. They can be found at department stores, gift shops, and online marketplaces.
3. Vintage tree skirts - These tree skirts are often made from old fabric or lace and have a nostalgic feel. They can be found at thrift stores, antique shops, and online marketplaces.
4. Novelty tree skirts - These tree skirts are often brightly colored and feature funny or quirky designs. They can be found at department stores, gift shops, and online marketplaces.
5. Vintage stockings - These stockings are often made from old fabric or lace and have a nostalgic feel. They can be found at thrift stores, antique shops, and online marketplaces.
6. Novelty stockings - These stockings are often brightly colored and feature funny or quirky designs. They can be found at department stores, gift shops, and online marketplaces.
How to Use Christmas Kitsch
To get the most out of your Christmas kitsch, you can:
1. Display your kitsch items in a way that makes them the focal point of your holiday decor.
2. Use your kitsch items to create a theme for your holiday decor. For example, you could create a vintage or retro theme by using vintage ornaments and tree skirts.
3. Mix and match your kitsch items to create a fun and playful atmosphere. For example, you could mix novelty ornaments with vintage ornaments to create a whimsical feel.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, Christmas kitsch is an important part of the holiday season. It helps to lighten the mood and make the holiday season more enjoyable. By using Christmas kitsch, you can create a fun and playful atmosphere that will bring joy to yourself and others. So, go ahead and add some kitsch to your holiday decor - it's sure to bring a smile to your face!


text: {Ground Control} ~ to M. Garneau. Marc Garneau, Canadian aeronautic hero, came down to earth last week when he announced he was dropping out of the Liberal leadership race.. Widely acknowledged as a bright, articulate option, he nevertheless joins many accomplished Canadians in the past who have found the launch of a political career humbling indeed [is Iggy still in the House? anyone?]. Garneau went on to support the candidacy of Justin Trudeau, even though he had been quite critical of Trudeau in recent comments. However, that was then; this is now and Garneau feels the sun, er, son, of former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau is the center of the liberal universe.. An inset caricature of Garneau at the top, below in his former career as an astronaut watching the comet of Justin Trudeau pass him by. Pleased with the rendering of Garneau; less so with Justin [but then it looks like I'll have more opportunities to practice drawing him in the future]

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Perseverance in Achieving Goals

Introduction:
Marc Garneau, a famous Canadian astronaut, faced a setback when he decided to run for the leadership of the Liberal Party. Despite being widely regarded as a bright and articulate candidate, he ultimately dropped out of the race. This lesson will explore the importance of perseverance in achieving goals and how setbacks can be overcome.

Section 1: The Importance of Perseverance

Topic: Why is perseverance important in achieving goals?

Question: Why is it important to keep trying even when things get tough?

Answer: Perseverance is the ability to persist in the face of challenges and setbacks. It is an essential quality for achieving any goal, as it allows us to keep moving forward even when things get tough. Without perseverance, we may give up too easily when faced with obstacles, and miss out on the opportunity to achieve our goals.

Section 2: Overcoming Setbacks

Topic: How can we overcome setbacks?

Question: What can we do when we face challenges or setbacks?

Answer: When we face challenges or setbacks, it is essential to remain calm and focused. We should take a step back and assess the situation objectively, identifying the root cause of the problem. Once we have identified the issue, we can develop a plan to overcome it. It is also crucial to surround ourselves with positive and supportive people who can help us stay motivated and focused on our goals.

Section 3: The Power of Persistence

Topic: Why is persistence so powerful?

Question: What makes persistence such a valuable quality?

Answer: Persistence is a powerful quality because it allows us to keep pushing forward towards our goals, even when things get tough. By refusing to give up, we increase our chances of success and can achieve things that we may not have thought possible. Additionally, persistence shows that we are committed to our goals and are willing to put in the effort required to achieve them.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, perseverance is an essential quality for achieving goals. By remaining calm and focused during setbacks and continuing to push forward, we can overcome challenges and achieve our objectives. Remember, even the most successful people faced setbacks along the way, but it was their persistence that allowed them to achieve their goals. So, keep pushing forward, and remember that the power of persistence is one of the most valuable tools you have in achieving your dreams.


text: Find Questions & Answers. Can't find what you're looking for? Visit the Questions & Answers page!. I would like to know the significance of BASIS and ABAP resources in ECC to S/4 HANA migration. What's the roles of functional consultants? Also what are the common issues while migrating to S/4 HANA? Thanks in Advance.. Hello Amar,. That is a big question, but I would like to give you some indication.. To start with, it depends on whether you plan to do a new implementation, a system conversion or a landscape transformation, but typically. In my experience, it could become a challenge to combine too much into the S/4HANA transition. I would therefore recommend to implement functions like the Business Partner or Material ledger upfront as well as cleanse and rightsize your data.. Best regards. Frank

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to S/4 HANA Migration
## I. Overview
S/4 HANA is the next generation ERP system by SAP that runs on the SAP HANA platform. It is designed to help businesses become more agile, responsive, and efficient by providing real-time insights and enabling automation of processes. In this lesson, we will learn about the significance of BASIS and ABAP resources in ECC to S/4 HANA migration and the roles of functional consultants. We will also discuss common issues while migrating to S/4 HANA.
## II. BASIS and ABAP Resources in ECC to S/4 HANA Migration
BASIS is the technical foundation of the SAP system, responsible for managing user interfaces, data access, and system settings. ABAP is the programming language used in SAP systems to develop custom code and enhance the system functionality. In the context of S/4 HANA migration, BASIS and ABAP resources play a crucial role in ensuring a smooth transition.
### A. Significance of BASIS and ABAP Resources
BASIS and ABAP resources are essential in ECC to S/4 HANA migration because they help in customizing the system, developing new functionalities, and resolving technical issues. They ensure that the system is optimized for the new platform and that all the necessary data is migrated successfully.
### B. Roles of Functional Consultants
Functional consultants are experts in specific business processes and functions within the SAP system. They work closely with technical consultants to ensure that the system is configured correctly and that the business needs are met. In the context of S/4 HANA migration, functional consultants play a critical role in understanding the business requirements, identifying customizations, and ensuring that the system is optimized for the new platform.
## III. Common Issues While Migrating to S/4 HANA
Migrating to S/4 HANA can be a complex process, and there are several issues that businesses may encounter during the transition. Some of the common issues include:
### A. Data Migration
Data migration is one of the most significant challenges in S/4 HANA migration. Businesses need to ensure that all the necessary data is migrated successfully, and that the data is clean and consistent. This requires careful planning, testing, and validation to avoid data loss or corruption.
### B. Technical Issues
Technical issues can arise during the migration process, such as compatibility issues, performance problems, and security vulnerabilities. These issues need to be identified and resolved quickly to avoid disruptions to business operations.
### C. Change Management
Change management is another critical aspect of S/4 HANA migration. Businesses need to ensure that employees are trained on the new system, and that they are comfortable using it. This requires effective communication, training, and support to ensure a smooth transition.
## IV. Conclusion
In conclusion, S/4 HANA migration can be a complex process, and businesses need to ensure that they have the necessary expertise and resources to succeed. By understanding the significance of BASIS and ABAP resources in ECC to S/4 HANA migration, the roles of functional consultants, and the common issues while migrating to S/4 HANA, businesses can ensure a successful transition to the new platform.
## V. Glossary
- BASIS: The technical foundation of the SAP system, responsible for managing user interfaces, data access, and system settings.
- ABAP: The programming language used in SAP systems to develop custom code and enhance the system functionality.
- Functional consultant: An expert in specific business processes and functions within the SAP system.
- S/4 HANA: The next generation ERP system by SAP that runs on the SAP HANA platform.


text:
A just-so story, also called the ad hoc fallacy, is a term used in academic anthropology, biological sciences, social sciences, and philosophy. It describes an unverifiable and unfalsifiable narrative explanation for a cultural practice, a biological trait, or behavior of humans or other animals. The use of the term is an implicit criticism that reminds the hearer of the essentially fictional and unprovable nature of such an explanation. Such tales are common in folklore and mythology (where they are known as etiological myths โ see etiology).Wikipedia

“NPR has been doing a special series of reports during their “Morning Edition” program called “The Human Edge”, all about various aspects of human evolution. I think it’s just wonderful that they’re doing this, and the stories are available on the NPR website, which is also great.

I’ve been out of town and so haven’t been following closely. So I’m just noticing that some of these stories actually drive me up the wall. Every one of them is presented as what Stephen Jay Gould called a “just-so story”.

I’ll take one of the latest articles as an example: “Food For Thought: Meat-Based Diet Made Us Smarter”. The story begins with a short resume of the “expensive tissue hypothesis”, with quotes from one of expensive tissue’s main exponents, Leslie Aiello. This hypothesis is a serious one, which paleoanthropologists take seriously, and which has some empirical support in the comparative biology of primates. But here’s how the story poses the hypothesis:

“You can’t have a large brain and big guts at the same time,” explains Leslie Aiello, an anthropologist and director of the Wenner-Gren Foundation in New York City, which funds research on evolution. Digestion, she says, was the energy-hog of our primate ancestor’s body. The brain was the poor stepsister who got the leftovers.

Meat is packed with lots of calories and fat. Our brain โ which uses about 20 times as much energy as the equivalent amount of muscle โ piped up and said, “Please, sir, I want some more.”

As we got more, our guts shrank because we didn’t need a giant vegetable processor any more. Our bodies could spend more energy on other things like building a bigger brain. Sorry, vegetarians, but eating meat apparently made our ancestors smarter โ smart enough to make better tools, which in turn led to other changes, says Aiello.

That’s a “just-so story.” How did meat make us smarter? Is it a magical meat property? If I fed enough meat to the local deer, would they get smarter? The expensive tissue hypothesis proposes an energetic trade-off, but doesn’t provide any mechanism by which the evolution of smarter brains (or diet shift) would occur. A trade-off is simply “you can’t have your cake and eat it too.” It needn’t say anything at all about how you bake a cake, or what happens if you can’t eat it.”

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Just-So Stories

In this lesson, we will learn about Just-So Stories, which are explanations for why things are the way they are. We will explore the concept of Just-So Stories, their uses, and how to identify them. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to recognize and analyze Just-So Stories in various contexts.

**Section 1: What are Just-So Stories?**

Just-So Stories are explanations for why things are the way they are. They are often used to explain cultural practices, biological traits, or behaviors of humans or other animals. Just-So Stories can be found in folklore, mythology, and even scientific research.

**Section 2: Why do people use Just-So Stories?**

People use Just-So Stories to explain why things are the way they are. These stories can be entertaining and provide a sense of meaning or purpose. However, Just-So Stories are not based on scientific evidence and can be misleading.

**Section 3: How to Identify Just-So Stories**

To identify Just-So Stories, look for explanations that lack scientific evidence or are based on untested assumptions. Also, be wary of explanations that seem too good to be true or that rely on coincidences.

**Section 4: Examples of Just-So Stories**

One example of a Just-So Story is the explanation for why giraffes have long necks. Some people believe that giraffes evolved long necks because they could reach leaves on tall trees that other animals could not. However, this explanation lacks scientific evidence and is not based on the principles of evolution.

Another example is the explanation for why humans have opposable thumbs. Some people believe that our ancestors developed opposable thumbs because they needed to use tools. However, this explanation lacks scientific evidence and is not based on the principles of evolution.

**Section 5: Conclusion**

In this lesson, we learned about Just-So Stories and their uses. We explored why people use these stories and how to identify them. By understanding the concept of Just-So Stories, we can better evaluate explanations and understand the world around us.

**Glossary**
- Just-So Story: An explanation for why things are the way they are that lacks scientific evidence and is often based on untested assumptions.
- Folklore: The traditional beliefs, customs, and stories of a community.
- Mythology: The study of myths.
- Etio


text: Microorganisms produce a myriad array of natural products or secondary metabolites that are of biomedical and biotechnological importance. However, the discovery and sustainable production of these compounds are often limited by our capability to manipulate the biosynthetic genes or clusters in either the native or the heterologous host. To overcome this key limitation in the natural product biosynthesis research area, the overall goal of the proposed research is to develop synthetic biology approaches for discovery, characterization, and engineering of phosphonic acid natural products in microorganisms. Specifically, we will focus on the engineering of the FR-900098 and fosfomycin biosynthetic pathways in heterologous hosts and development of new synthetic biology approaches for discovery of novel phosphonic acid natural products from sequenced genomes.

textbook:
Lesson: Synthetic Biology for Natural Product Discovery and Engineering

**Introduction**

Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary field that combines biology and engineering principles to design and construct new biological systems. One application of synthetic biology is the discovery and engineering of natural products, which are chemical compounds produced by living organisms. In this lesson, we will explore how synthetic biology can be used to discover and engineer phosphonic acid natural products in microorganisms.

**Section 1: Introduction to Natural Products**

Natural products are a diverse group of compounds that have been used for centuries in medicine, agriculture, and industry. They are produced by a wide range of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and plants. Some well-known natural products include penicillin, aspirin, and morphine. Natural products have unique chemical structures and properties that make them valuable for various applications.

**Section 2: Synthetic Biology for Natural Product Discovery**

Synthetic biology techniques can be used to discover new natural products by manipulating the genes responsible for their production. This can be done by sequencing the genomes of microorganisms and identifying the genes involved in the biosynthesis of specific natural products. Once these genes are identified, they can be introduced into other organisms, such as bacteria or yeast, to produce the desired natural product.

**Section 3: Synthetic Biology for Natural Product Engineering**

After discovering new natural products, synthetic biology can also be used to modify their properties or produce novel compounds with improved characteristics. This can be achieved by editing the genes responsible for their production or by introducing new genes from other organisms. For example, researchers can use CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology to modify the biosynthetic pathways of natural products, resulting in compounds with altered structures or improved pharmacological properties.

**Section 4: Applications of Synthetic Biology for Natural Products**

The discovery and engineering of natural products using synthetic biology have numerous applications in various fields. For instance, new natural products can be used as antibiotics, anticancer agents, or agrochemicals. Additionally, synthetic biology can be employed to produce biofuels, bioplastics, and other sustainable materials.

**Conclusion**

In conclusion, synthetic biology is a powerful tool for discovering and engineering natural products. By manipulating the genes responsible for their production, researchers can uncover novel compounds with unique properties and improve existing ones. As a result, synthetic biology has the potential to revolutionize various industries, including medicine, agriculture, and materials science.


text:
A stereoscopic camera arrangement is an element made of two camera units, assembled in a stereoscopic module. Stereoscopy (also referred to as “stereoscopics” or “3D imaging”) is a technique for creating or enhancing the illusion of depth in an image by means of stereopsis. In other words, it is the impression of depth that is perceived when a scene is viewed with both eyes by someone with normal binocular vision which is responsible for creating two slightly different images of the scene in the two eyes due to the eyes ‘/camera’s different locations.
Combining 3D information derived from stereoscopic images, and particularly for video streams, requires search and comparison of a large number of pixels that need to be held for each pair of images, where each image out of such a pair is derived from a different image capturing device.
This problem is further enhanced when depth needs to be determined from images derived from webcams, as in order to obtain the required three-dimensional image, the webcams output images should be rectified. During the rectification process, radial lens distortion and sensor rotation should be compensated based on preliminary sensor calibration results.
A hardware chip that is able to carry out such a rectification process, uses typically large memory buffers in order to correct for the displacement of each pixel received from each sensor. These buffers are typically sufficient for only a limited amount of distortion, and when using wide angle lenses for example, these lenses might introduce a higher degree of distortion than a single buffer of several lines can handle, while such a buffer is typically used to rectify the sensor outputs.
The number of lines to be processed corresponds to the maximal radial distortion and rotation that are supported by the system. For example, at 1920×960 pixels images and maximal distortion of 5% on two sensors, one would require the use of 960*0.05=48 lines of 1920 pixels, at 2 bytes per pixels, which amounts to about 3 Mbit of memory. While if three wide lens sensors are used with a maximum distortion of 20%, the resulting memory required of about 18 Mbit, would simply be prohibitive for carrying out such a process.
Thus, in order to provide an adequate answer to the increasing memory requirements, a new approach is proposed by the present invention, one which overcomes the problems discussed above.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Stereoscopy

### Section 1: What is Stereoscopy?
Stereoscopy is a technique used to create or enhance the illusion of depth in an image. It is the impression of depth that is perceived when a scene is viewed with both eyes by someone with normal binocular vision. This is because our eyes are located in different positions, and they see slightly different images of the scene, which our brain combines to create a sense of depth.

### Section 2: How does Stereoscopy work?
Stereoscopy works by taking two photographs of the same scene from slightly different angles. These two photographs are then combined to create a single image that appears to have depth and three dimensions. This can be done using a variety of methods, including using special glasses or viewing the image with one eye at a time.

### Section 3: Applications of Stereoscopy
Stereoscopy has many applications, including in the fields of medicine, engineering, and entertainment. In medicine, stereoscopy can be used to create 3D models of organs and tissues, which can help doctors plan surgeries and diagnose diseases. In engineering, stereoscopy can be used to create 3D models of buildings and structures, which can help engineers design and plan construction projects. In entertainment, stereoscopy is commonly used in movies and video games to create a more immersive experience for the viewer.

### Section 4: Conclusion
In conclusion, stereoscopy is a powerful tool that can be used to create or enhance the illusion of depth in images. By combining 3D information derived from stereoscopic images, we can create images that appear to have depth and three dimensions. This technique has many applications in various fields, and it continues to evolve as technology advances.


text: Nearby Tide Stations:. Today's tide charts show that the first low Tide will be at 12:03 am with a water level of 0.33 ft. It is then followed by a high tide at 05:40 am with a maximum water level of 2.56 ft. The next low Tide will be at 11:29 am with a predicted level of 0.26 ft and the last high Tide for today will be at 06:07 pm with water at the 3.61 ft mark.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Tide Charts

Introduction:
Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on Earth's oceans. Understanding tide charts can help us predict when the best time is for activities like fishing, swimming, or beach walking. In this lesson, we will learn how to read and interpret tide charts to better understand the patterns and predictions of tides.

Section 1: Understanding Tide Charts

Topic 1: What is a Tide Chart?
A tide chart is a graphical representation of the daily rise and fall of sea levels over a specific period of time, usually 24 hours. It shows the times and heights of high and low tides during that period.

Topic 2: Reading a Tide Chart
To read a tide chart, look for the following information:
- Time: This is the time of day when the tide will occur.
- Water Level: This is the predicted height of the water at the time of the tide.
- High Tide: This occurs when the water level is at its highest point and is often marked with an "H" on the chart.
- Low Tide: This occurs when the water level is at its lowest point and is often marked with an "L" on the chart.

Activity: Using the provided tide chart, identify the times and heights of the high and low tides.

Section 2: Understanding Tide Patterns

Topic 1: Spring Tides
Spring tides occur when the difference between the high and low tides is greater than average. This happens because the sun and moon are aligned, causing stronger gravitational forces on Earth's oceans. Spring tides are usually higher than average and occur around the new moon and full moon.

Topic 2: Neap Tides
Neap tides occur when the difference between the high and low tides is smaller than average. This happens because the sun and moon are at right angles to each other, causing weaker gravitational forces on Earth's oceans. Neap tides are usually lower than average and occur around the first and third quarters of the moon.

Activity: Using the provided tide chart, identify whether the tides are spring or neap tides.

Section 3: Applying Tide Charts to Real-Life Scenarios

Topic 1: Fishing
Fishing is a popular activity that can be affected by the tides. Anglers often prefer to fish during high tides because it brings more fish closer to shore. However, low tides can also be beneficial for fishing in shallow areas where fish may gather.

Topic 2: Beach Activities
Beach activities such as swimming, building sandcastles, or playing beach volleyball are often influenced by the tides. During high tides, the beach may be crowded, making it difficult to find a spot. On the other hand, low tides may leave more space on the beach but may also expose rocks or other hazards.

Activity: Use the provided tide chart to plan a beach activity. Decide whether it would be better to go swimming during high or low tide and explain your reasoning.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about tide charts, how to read them, and how to use them to make informed decisions about activities like fishing and beach walking. By understanding the patterns and predictions of tides, we can better plan our days and make the most of the ocean's natural rhythms.

Glossary:
- Tide: The rise and fall of sea levels caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on Earth's oceans.
- Tide Chart: A graphical representation of the daily rise and fall of sea levels over a specific period of time.
- High Tide: The highest point of the water level during a tidal cycle.
- Low Tide: The lowest point of the water level during a tidal cycle.
- Spring Tide: A tide with a greater difference between high and low tides due to the alignment of the sun and moon.
- Neap Tide: A tide with a smaller difference between high and low tides due to the alignment of the sun and moon at right angles to each other.


text: Research).. Endogenous Borrowing Constraints and Consumption Volatility in a Small Open EconomyConsumption volatility relative to output volatility is consistently higher in emerging economies than in developed economies.. Credit in a Tiered Payments SystemPayments systems are typically characterized by some degree of tiering, with upstream firms (clearing agents) providing settlement accounts to downstream institutions that wish to clear and settle payments indirectly in these systems (indirect clearers).

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Economic Concepts

## Section 1: Introduction
In this lesson, we will learn about two important economic concepts: endogenous borrowing constraints and consumption volatility. We will also explore how these concepts relate to each other and their relevance in the real world.

## Section 2: Endogenous Borrowing Constraints
Endogenous borrowing constraints refer to the limits that individuals or firms impose on themselves when it comes to borrowing money. These constraints can be based on factors such as income, credit score, or asset ownership. In other words, people may choose not to borrow money because they do not meet certain criteria or because they fear the consequences of taking on debt.

One example of endogenous borrowing constraints is when a person with a low credit score decides not to take out a loan to start a business. This person may feel that their lack of creditworthiness makes them too risky for lenders, so they choose not to pursue borrowing.

## Section 3: Consumption Volatility
Consumption volatility refers to the fluctuation in spending patterns over time. In emerging economies, consumption volatility is often higher than in developed economies. This means that people in emerging economies may experience more significant changes in their spending habits from one period to the next.

One reason for this is that many people in emerging economies have limited access to credit or financial services. As a result, they may have to rely on their income from one month to the next, making it difficult to plan for unexpected expenses or to save for the future.

## Section 4: Relationship Between Endogenous Borrowing Constraints and Consumption Volatility
There is a relationship between endogenous borrowing constraints and consumption volatility. When people have limited access to credit or are unable to borrow money, they may have to rely on their current income to cover their expenses. This can make their consumption patterns more volatile, as they may not be able to smooth out spending over time.

Additionally, when people face endogenous borrowing constraints, they may be more likely to experience consumption volatility if they work in industries that are sensitive to economic fluctuations. For example, someone who works in retail may see their income fluctuate depending on consumer demand, which can lead to changes in their spending patterns.

## Section 5: Practical Examples
One practical example of how endogenous borrowing constraints can impact consumption volatility is in the case of a small business owner. If a small business owner has a low credit score or limited access to credit, they may have difficulty obtaining loans to invest in their business. This can limit their ability to grow their business and increase their income, leading to more volatile consumption patterns.

Another example is a farmer who relies on weather patterns to determine their crop yields. If the farmer faces endogenous borrowing constraints, they may not be able to invest in technologies or irrigation systems that could help them mitigate the effects of climate change. This can lead to fluctuations in their income from year to year, resulting in more volatile consumption patterns.

## Section 6: Glossary
- Endogenous borrowing constraints: Self-imposed limits on borrowing money
- Consumption volatility: Fluctuations in spending patterns over time
- Emerging economies: Countries that are in the process of developing their economy and moving towards more advanced stages of development
- Developed economies: Countries that have a more mature economy with higher levels of income, education, and infrastructure
- Creditworthiness: The ability to demonstrate that you can repay a loan on time
- Indirect clearers: Institutions that clear and settle payments through intermediaries

## Section 7: Conclusion
Understanding the concepts of endogenous borrowing constraints and consumption volatility is important for anyone interested in economics or finance. By learning about these concepts, we can better understand how people make decisions about borrowing money and how fluctuations in income can impact spending patterns. Additionally, by understanding these concepts, we can make informed decisions about our own finances and be better prepared to navigate economic fluctuations.


text:
Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey

A major part of these efforts is reaching out to its employees; gathering their feedback; and responding to their concerns and needs. USAID's success depends on the talent and motivation of its workforce. Recruiting and retaining the best and the brightest individuals depend, in large part, on the quality of the work environment.

OPM conducted the Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey (FEVS) with USAID employees from April 29, 2014 to June 6, 2014

USAID employees' response rate to the survey was 56%. The respondents provided important feedback. USAID will be incorporating this feedback into its strategies, policies, and services to ensure the organization has the environment needed to help employees complete their duties and enable USAID to accomplish its mission.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Employee Feedback Surveys

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about employee feedback surveys and how they are used to improve the workplace. We will cover the importance of surveys, how they are conducted, and what information they provide. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to understand and analyze employee feedback surveys.

Section 1: What are Employee Feedback Surveys?
Employee feedback surveys are tools used by organizations to gather information about the workplace experience of their employees. These surveys are designed to measure employee satisfaction, engagement, and perceptions of the work environment. They can also be used to identify areas for improvement and to track changes over time.

Why are Employee Feedback Surveys Important?
Employee feedback surveys are important because they provide valuable information about the workplace experience of employees. This information can be used to identify areas for improvement, track changes over time, and make data-driven decisions about workplace culture and employee engagement.

How are Employee Feedback Surveys Conducted?
Employee feedback surveys are typically conducted using a combination of online and paper-based methods. The surveys are usually anonymous to encourage honest responses. The survey questions are designed to measure employee satisfaction, engagement, and perceptions of the work environment.

Section 2: Analyzing Employee Feedback Surveys
Once the employee feedback surveys have been conducted, the results need to be analyzed. This involves looking at the data and identifying trends and patterns. The analysis can be done using a variety of statistical methods, including descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and factor analysis.

What Information do Employee Feedback Surveys Provide?
Employee feedback surveys provide a wealth of information about the workplace experience of employees. The information can be used to identify areas for improvement, track changes over time, and make data-driven decisions about workplace culture and employee engagement.

How can Employee Feedback Surveys be Used?
Employee feedback surveys can be used to improve the workplace experience of employees. The information provided by the surveys can be used to identify areas for improvement, track changes over time, and make data-driven decisions about workplace culture and employee engagement.

Section 3: Real-World Examples
Let's look at an example of how employee feedback surveys can be used to improve the workplace experience of employees.

Example: A company conducts an employee feedback survey and finds that employees are dissatisfied with the quality of the food in the company cafeteria. The company uses this information to improve the quality of the food in the cafeteria, which leads to increased employee satisfaction and engagement.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about employee feedback surveys and how they are used to improve the workplace experience of employees. We covered the importance of surveys, how they are conducted, and what information they provide. By understanding and analyzing employee feedback surveys, we can improve the workplace culture and employee engagement.


text: As we talked about daily used pottery and porcelain, tableware in Japan probably is the most developed mingei. Lacqureware, especially Echizen lacqureware is another important part of the art along the table. Briefly touching about this, a number of terms are used in Japanese to refer to lacquerware. Shikki (漆器) means “lacquer ware” in the. Tagcraftman. Daily Beauty by Everyday User – Japanese Pottery and Porcelain. Yanagi Sōetsu (March 21, 1889 – May 3, 1961), was a Japanese philosopher and founder of the mingei (folk craft) movement in Japan in the late 1920s and 1930s. He led the Japanese society to promote mingei, which means “hand-crafted art of ordinary people”. He discovered beauty in everyday ordinary and utilitarian objects created by

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Mingei - The Art of Everyday Objects

### Section 1: What is Mingei?
Mingei is an art form that originated in Japan in the late 1920s and 1930s. It focuses on the beauty and importance of everyday, utilitarian objects created by ordinary people. The term "mingei" comes from the Japanese words "mono" (thing) and "gei" (art). This art form is also known as "folk craft" or "people's art."

### Section 2: Why is Mingei Important?
Mingei is important because it celebrates the beauty and value of everyday objects that are often overlooked. It shows that art can be found in the simplest things and that everyone can appreciate and create art. Mingei also helps us appreciate the craftsmanship and skill that goes into making everyday objects.

### Section 3: Examples of Mingei
Some examples of mingei include pottery, porcelain, and lacqureware. These objects are often functional, such as bowls, plates, and vases, but they are also works of art. They may have simple designs or intricate patterns, and they may be made using traditional techniques or modern methods.

### Section 4: Conclusion
Mingei is a unique and important art form that celebrates the beauty and value of everyday objects. By appreciating and understanding mingei, we can learn to see the world in a new way and appreciate the art that surrounds us every day.


text: Description:.. Sometimes we need to scan our documents several times during the day, in this case, if everything is pre-planned and given enough time, no problems will occur and your work will be as usual. to turn your Android smart device into.. Feature:. * scanned documents. * Print files directly through the program or fax them. * Upload files to cloud servers such as Google Drive and Drive Box. * Output of scanned files in different sizes. * Professional barcode scanner. *.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Scan Documents using Your Android Smart Device

Introduction:
In today's digital age, scanning documents has become an essential part of our daily lives. Whether it's for work, school, or personal use, scanning documents allows us to store and share information easily and efficiently. In this lesson, we will teach you how to scan documents using your Android smart device.

Section 1: Preparing to Scan Documents

Before you begin scanning documents, there are a few things you should do to prepare:

1. Choose a well-lit area: You want to make sure that the area where you're scanning your document is well-lit. This will ensure that the image comes out clear and readable.

2. Select a stable surface: You'll want to choose a stable surface to place your document on while scanning. This could be a desk, table, or even a flat surface on your lap.

3. Download a scanning app: There are many scanning apps available for Android devices. Some popular options include Adobe Scan, CamScanner, and Microsoft Office Lens. Choose one that suits your needs and download it to your device.

4. Make sure your device's camera is clean: Dust, smudges, or fingerprints on your device's camera can affect the quality of your scan. Make sure to clean your camera lens before scanning.

Section 2: Scanning Documents with Your Android Device

Now that you've prepared your device and chosen a scanning app, it's time to start scanning your documents:

1. Open the scanning app: Once you've downloaded and installed a scanning app, open it on your device.

2. Place your document on a stable surface: As mentioned earlier, you'll want to choose a stable surface to place your document on while scanning. Make sure the surface is flat and free of any obstructions.

3. Position your device correctly: Hold your device steady and position it so that the camera lens is directly over the document. Make sure the document is in focus and that there's enough light to capture the image clearly.

4. Scan the document: Most scanning apps will allow you to take a photo of your document by tapping the camera icon. Make sure the document is centered and that there are no fingers or other objects in the frame.

5. Adjust the scan: After taking the photo, the app will likely give you the option to adjust the scan. This may include cropping the image, rotating it, or adjusting the color balance. Make any necessary adjustments at this point.

6. Save the scan: Once you're happy with the scan, save it to your device. Most scanning apps will allow you to save the scan as a PDF, JPEG, or other file type. Choose the appropriate format for your needs.

Section 3: Using Scanned Documents

Now that you've learned how to scan documents using your Android device, let's look at some ways you can use these scans:

1. Send the scan via email: If you need to send the scanned document to someone, simply attach the file to an email and send it to the recipient.

2. Upload the scan to a cloud service: Many scanning apps allow you to upload scanned documents directly to cloud services like Google Drive or Dropbox. This is a great way to store your documents securely and access them from anywhere.

3. Fill out forms digitally: If you've scanned a form, you can often fill it out digitally using a stylus or your finger. This is much faster than filling out paper forms by hand.

4. Use the scan as a reference: Scanned documents can be a great reference tool. For example, if you're working on a research paper, you can scan relevant articles and store them in a digital folder for easy access.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we've covered the basics of scanning documents using your Android device. By following the steps outlined above, you should be able to scan documents quickly and easily. Remember that scanned documents can be a valuable tool for organizing information, sharing documents, and completing tasks more efficiently. So go ahead, give it a try, and see how scanning can help you in your daily life!


text: By Thomas A. Shannon. It took 25 years, but the tables are turned at last. Back.. The 1980s and 1990s were pretty good years for our expanding national economy. Governing corporations was a placid activity. Disputes usually were resolved quietly, with CEOs pushed out with “golden parachutes” amid little publicity, unlike the furor that was generated by the dismissal of school district superintendents.. At the same time, in a period of radically changing societal values, educational reformers were searching for more politically acceptable ways to measure student progress and to more successfully restructure programs to meet the challenges of teaching minority children. School boards faced a laundry list of challenges: growing pressures from anti-tax groups and aggressive employee unions, expanding immigration and the need to serve English language learners, intensifying political advocacy for tuition tax credits and charter schools, and the rapid expansion of

textbook:
Lesson Title: The Importance of Educational Reform in Modern Society

Introduction:
Educational reform has been a hot topic in modern society. With the rapid expansion of technology and changing societal values, it is essential to ensure that our education system is equipped to handle the challenges of teaching minority children and other diverse populations. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of educational reform and its impact on our society.

Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is the importance of educational reform in modern society. We will focus on the challenges faced by school boards and the need to restructure programs to meet the needs of diverse populations.

Section 1: The Challenges of Educational Reform

Topic 1: The Need for Educational Reform
- Why is educational reform necessary?
- What are the challenges faced by school boards?
- How has society changed over time?

Topic 2: The Impact of Diverse Populations on Education
- What is the impact of immigration on education?
- How can we effectively teach English language learners?
- What are the challenges of teaching minority children?

Topic 3: The Importance of Measuring Student Progress
- Why is it important to measure student progress?
- What methods can be used to measure student progress?
- How can we ensure that our education system is effective?

Section 2: Practical Examples of Educational Reform

Topic 1: Restructuring Programs to Meet the Needs of Diverse Populations
- How can we restructure programs to meet the needs of diverse populations?
- What are some successful examples of educational reform?
- How can we ensure that our education system is equitable?

Topic 2: The Use of Technology in Education
- How can we use technology to improve our education system?
- What are some examples of successful technology implementation in education?
- What are the challenges of integrating technology into our education system?

Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

Topic 1: The Role of Teachers in Educational Reform
- What is the role of teachers in educational reform?
- How can teachers be empowered to effect change in our education system?
- What are some strategies for teacher professional development?

Topic 2: The Importance of Community Engagement in Educational Reform
- How can community engagement improve our education system?
- What are some strategies for engaging the community in educational reform?
- What are some examples of successful community engagement in educational reform?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, educational reform is an essential component of our society. By addressing the challenges faced by school boards and restructuring programs to meet the needs of diverse populations, we can ensure that our education system is equitable and effective. By using technology and engaging the community, we can create a more inclusive and innovative education system. As we continue to face new challenges in our society, it is crucial that we remain committed to educational reform.

Glossary:
- Educational Reform: The process of changing or improving the education system to better meet the needs of students and society.
- Diverse Populations: Groups of people who differ in characteristics such as race, ethnicity, language, culture, socioeconomic status, and ability.
- English Language Learners: Students who are learning English as a second language.
- Minority Children: Students who belong to a minority group, such as African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Native Americans, or Asian Americans.


text: Tesch Inducted Into One Club Hall. Tesch is among the 36 people to win this prestigious honor since it was handed out starting in 1961. Other honorees this year are Jeff Goodby and Rich Silverstein, founders of Goodby, Silverstein & Partners, and Tesch's former creative partner, the late Patrick Kelly.. A recipient of more than 50 Clio awards and 40 One Show prizes, Tesch was selected by One Club for his work on the then-Federal Express, Dunkin' Donuts and Tonka Toys accounts.. Tesch and Kelly created advertising that changed the perception of Federal Express. They introduced the tagline, "When it absolutely, positively, has to be there overnight.". Kelley Swofford Roy, Coral Gables, FL, has done marketing for Aeroflot Airlines, Florida Prepaid College Board, Mexico's Tec de Monterrey University, Sony Latin America, Government of Colombia, Sol Melia Hotels, Viscaya Museum and the Miami-Dade Expressway.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Advertising and Its Importance

### Section 1: What is Advertising?
Advertising is the process of creating awareness about a product or service through various channels like print, digital, or broadcast media. It is an essential part of any business as it helps to attract potential customers and increase sales.

### Section 2: Why is Advertising Important?
Advertising is crucial because it helps businesses to stand out from their competitors and create a unique identity. It also helps to build brand loyalty and trust among customers, which can lead to repeat business and positive word-of-mouth recommendations. Additionally, advertising can help businesses to target specific audiences and demographics, allowing them to tailor their messages and products to meet the needs of their customers.

### Section 3: Types of Advertising
There are several types of advertising, including print ads in newspapers or magazines, television commercials, radio ads, online ads, billboards, and product placement in movies or TV shows. Each type of advertising has its advantages and disadvantages, and businesses must choose the best approach based on their target audience and budget.

### Section 4: Creating Effective Advertising Campaigns
To create effective advertising campaigns, businesses must first understand their target audience and what motivates them to make a purchase. They should then develop a clear message that communicates the benefits of their product or service and use compelling visuals or language to grab the viewer's attention. Finally, they should track the success of their campaigns and adjust their strategies accordingly to maximize their return on investment.

### Section 5: Examples of Successful Advertising Campaigns
One example of a successful advertising campaign is Nike's "Just Do It" campaign, which has been running since 1988. The campaign features athletes and everyday people achieving greatness through hard work and determination, and has helped to establish Nike as a leader in the sports apparel industry. Another example is Apple's "Think Different" campaign, which featured iconic figures such as Albert Einstein and Mahatma Gandhi and helped to reposition the company as an innovator and game-changer in the technology industry.

### Conclusion:
Advertising is a powerful tool that can help businesses to attract customers and build brand loyalty. By understanding their target audience and crafting compelling messages, companies can create effective advertising campaigns that resonate with consumers and drive sales.


text:
What is Chickenpox?

Articles OnChickenpox

Chickenpox is a very contagious infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It mainly affects kids, but adults can get it, too. The telltale sign of chickenpox is a super-itchy skin rash with red blisters. Over the course of several days, the blisters pop and start to leak. Then they crust and scab over before finally healing.

Symptoms appear within 10 to 21 days after you’ve been in contact with someone who has the virus. Most people recover in about 2 weeks.

Chickenpox is generally mild, especially in children. But in severe cases, the blisters can spread to your nose, mouth, eyes, and even genitals.

Who Gets It?

Children under the age of 2 are most at risk for chickenpox. In fact, 90% of all cases occur in young children. But older kids and adults can get it, too.

You’re more at risk for chickenpox if you:

Haven’t had the virus before

Haven’t been vaccinated for it

Work in a school or child care facility

Live with children

How Is It Spread?

Very easily. You can get the virus by breathing in particles that come from chickenpox blisters or by touching something on which the particles landed.

Chickenpox is most contagious from 1 to 2 days before the rash appears until all the blisters are dried and crusted.

The best way to prevent the spread of the virus is to get the varicella vaccine. Children who’ve never had chickenpox should get two doses of the vaccine -- the first at 12 to 15 months of age, and the second at 4 to s6 years. People over age 13 who’ve never been vaccinated should get two doses of the vaccine at least 28 days apart.

Complications

Adults have a higher risk for developing complications from chickenpox than children. Those with weakened immune systems due to cancer, HIV, or another condition are also at risk.

Once you’ve had chickenpox, the varicella-zoster virus stays in your nerve cells for years. It can “wake up” and become active again years later. It can lead to shingles, a condition that causes painful blisters. Fortunately, there’s a vaccine for shingles. Doctors recommend it for adults over 60.

textbook:
Lesson: Chickenpox - Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

### Introduction

Chickenpox is a common illness caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It is highly contagious and can affect people of all ages. In this lesson, we will learn about the symptoms, treatment, and prevention of chickenpox.

### Symptoms

The most common symptom of chickenpox is a skin rash that appears as red blisters. These blisters can be itchy and may pop and leak before crusting over. The rash usually appears on the face, chest, back, and limbs. Other symptoms may include fever, tiredness, headache, and loss of appetite.

### Treatment

There is no cure for chickenpox, but the symptoms can be managed. Over-the-counter medications such as acetaminophen can be used to reduce fever and relieve pain. Antihistamines can also be used to help with itching. In some cases, a doctor may prescribe an antiviral medication to help shorten the duration of the illness.

### Prevention

The best way to prevent chickenpox is to get vaccinated. The chickenpox vaccine is safe and effective and can help protect against the virus. It is recommended that children receive two doses of the vaccine, with the first dose being administered between the ages of 12-15 months and the second dose being given between the ages of 4-6 years. Adults who have not been vaccinated or who have not had chickenpox can also receive the vaccine.

In addition to vaccination, practicing good hand hygiene and avoiding close contact with people who have chickenpox can help prevent the spread of the virus.

### Conclusion

Chickenpox is a common illness that can affect people of all ages. While there is no cure, the symptoms can be managed, and the risk of infection can be reduced through vaccination and good hygiene practices. By understanding the symptoms, treatment, and prevention of chickenpox, we can help keep ourselves and our communities healthy.


text: LONDON (AP) Wine Matteotti.. ''This is going to be one of the most spectacular stages of the Giro 2016, both in a technical, riding respect as well as for its unique scenery,'' Giro director Mauro Vegni said at Monday's presentation in London. ''A 40-kilometer individual time trial without a single meter of flat and almost at the middle of the race will define for sure who the potential winners are.''. Wine was also the theme for a time trial in last year's race from Barbaresco to Barolo, won by Rigoberto Uran of Colombia.. While the full 2016 Giro route won't be revealed until next month, organizers already announced that the race will start on May 6 with three stages in the Netherlands.

textbook:
**Title:** Introduction to Time Trials in Cycling

**Objective:** In this lesson, we will learn about time trials in cycling, their importance, and how they are conducted.

**Section 1: Introduction to Time Trials**

A time trial (TT) is a race where cyclists race against the clock instead of each other. It is a unique event where riders start at equal intervals and try to complete the course in the shortest possible time. Time trials are usually held on flat courses with minimal wind, and the winner is determined by the fastest time.

**Section 2: Importance of Time Trials**

Time trials are an essential part of cycling races, especially in grand tours like the Giro d'Italia. They help determine the overall winner of the race and provide an opportunity for riders to showcase their strength and endurance. Time trials also test a rider's ability to maintain a consistent pace over a long distance without any external factors affecting their performance.

**Section 3: Conducting a Time Trial**

A time trial is conducted on a closed course with traffic control, ensuring that there are no distractions or hazards for the riders. The course is usually flat and straight, with minimal wind interference. Riders start at equal intervals, and their times are recorded as they cross the finish line.

**Section 4: Practical Examples**

Let's consider a time trial in the Giro d'Italia 2016. The race started with three stages in the Netherlands, followed by a 40-kilometer individual time trial from Madrigale di Chiascio to Reggio Emilia. The winner of this stage was Tom Dumoulin, who went on to win the overall title.

**Section 5: Self-Debate Discussion**

Why do you think time trials are important in cycling races? Can you think of any other sports that use this format?

**Glossary:**
- Time trial (TT): A race where cyclists compete against the clock instead of each other.
- Grand tour: A multi-stage bicycle race, usually held over three weeks or more, with daily stages run in different towns or cities.
- Overall winner: The rider with the lowest cumulative finishing time across all stages of a race.

**Conclusion:**

In conclusion, time trials are an essential part of cycling races, helping determine the overall winner and testing a rider's ability to maintain a consistent pace over a long distance. By understanding the importance of time trials and how they are conducted, we can appreciate the skill and dedication required to succeed in this unique event.


text:
Amphibious construction equipment such as excavators and cranes is increasingly being used for construction where ground conditions are such that conventional heavy equipment runs a risk of being bogged down, in some cases irretrievably. The currently used amphibious equipment is custom-built and comprises the operative part of whatever piece of equipment is desired mounted on a pair of buoyant caterpillar-tracked pontoons so that the structure will not sink into soft ground. Making the equipment amphibious also allows it to be used in waterfront sites where access is difficult.
The pontoons carry sprocket-driven caterpillar tracks that allow the equipment to be maneuvered on land or water, the track sprockets normally being driven by hydraulic motors. Each track usually has two or more spaced sprockets on a driven axle and two or more spaced sprockets on an idler axle. The asymmetrical distribution of torque and traction between the front axle and rear axles limit the track efficiency especially when operating on highly undulating and viscous surfaces. Another undesirable effect is that tracks and motor will deteriorate more quickly because the unbalanced stresses generated by the idler and driven axles will lead to inconsistent metal fatigue in different parts of the tracks, and reduced the motor lifespan.
The prior art contains various proposals related to the train drive system of amphibious machines.
US-2005/0014425-A discloses a drive system for use in amphibious excavators and draglines having caterpillar-type treads or tracks. The system has an adjustable sprocket and chain connected between a final drive of an engine and a track axle that moves endless belts carrying the tracks or treads to propel the machinery. The improved drive system described in this document has a sprocket attached to the final drive of the motor; a sprocket removably affixed to a track drive axle near or at an end thereof, and an endless chain connecting the motor drive sprocket and the track drive sprocket. The sprocket and chain drive system can be adjusted to change torque and speed by removing and replacing the track drive sprocket with greater diameter sprocket for more track force and lower speed or with a lesser diameter sprocket for less track force and higher speed.
The result is an amphibious excavator with an improved tracking system, which uses multiple drive sprockets to suite the terrain condition. The improved tracking system allows the possibilities of sacrificing speed for torque and vice versa. Whilst allowing for different torque settings, the problems of motor and track deterioration and of inefficient torque to traction conversion are not addressed.
EP-1727687-B1 discloses an amphibious excavator which has a power transmission arrangement in the pontoon crawler track assembly, comprising an endless power transmission means in each of its pontoon members, such as chain formed by pin joints of successive formed parts that is arranged to be moveable by means of a wheel arrangement, such as a drive wheel and turnover wheel and/or support wheel arrangement or the like, on the outer periphery of the pontoon member, whereby each successive crawler track part of the crawler track arrangement is attached to the endless power transmission means. The pontoon crawler track assembly comprises a power transmission arrangement, essentially at the centre of each pontoon member, whereby each crawler track part of the arrangement is coupled with the power transmission means at its middle. The power transmission arrangement also comprises a chain tightening arrangement.
This document also fails to address the problems of motor and track deterioration and of inefficient torque to traction conversion.
One standard hydraulic drive train of existing amphibious construction equipment is powered by two hydraulic pumps. Each pump provides hydraulic pressure to a hydraulic motor on each side of a chassis. It also comprises a pair of parallel pontoons surrounded by a caterpillar track travelling round the periphery of each pontoon. The pressure from the hydraulic pumps is transferred to the hydraulic motors via fluid connections to provide power to two of the axles. The other two axles are idlers.
Other conventional amphibious equipment utilizes a single hydraulic motor in the drive train. Whether single of dual hydraulic motors are used they are selected based on the weight of the equipment. Higher capacity equipment requires more power for its operation and the only current solution is to employ either more powerful engines or bigger hydraulic motors. This correlation ultimately limits the range of motion of the upper structure or the mobility of the equipment depending on the placement of the motor.
This invention circumvents the various problems of amphibious construction equipment referred to hereinbefore.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Amphibious Construction Equipment

**Overview**: In this lesson, we will learn about amphibious construction equipment, its benefits, and how it works. We will cover the following topics:

1. What is amphibious construction equipment?
2. Why is amphibious construction equipment useful?
3. How does amphibious construction equipment work?
4. What are the benefits of using amphibious construction equipment?

**What is amphibious construction equipment?**: Amphibious construction equipment is a type of heavy machinery that can operate both on land and in water. This equipment is designed to be used in areas where conventional heavy equipment cannot be used due to soft ground conditions or difficult access.

**Why is amphibious construction equipment useful?**: Amphibious construction equipment is useful in situations where conventional heavy equipment cannot be used. It can be used in areas with soft ground conditions or difficult access, such as swamps, marshes, or waterfront sites. This equipment allows for efficient and effective construction in these challenging environments.

**How does amphibious construction equipment work?**: Amphibious construction equipment works by having a pair of buoyant caterpillar-tracked pontoons that support the structure of the equipment. These pontoons carry sprocket-driven caterpillar tracks that allow the equipment to be maneuvered on land or water. The track sprockets are normally driven by hydraulic motors, which provide power and traction for the equipment.

**What are the benefits of using amphibious construction equipment?**: There are several benefits to using amphibious construction equipment, including:

1. Versatility: Amphibious construction equipment can be used in both land and water environments, making it versatile and adaptable to different construction sites.
2. Efficiency: The equipment can be used in areas where conventional heavy equipment cannot operate, resulting in more efficient and effective construction.
3. Safety: Amphibious construction equipment reduces the risk of equipment getting bogged down or stuck in soft ground, ensuring the safety of both the equipment and the operators.
4. Cost-effectiveness: Using amphibious construction equipment can save time and money by avoiding the need for costly and time-consuming modifications to conventional equipment or alternative construction methods.

**Conclusion**: Amphibious construction equipment is a valuable tool for construction projects in challenging environments. By understanding the benefits and operation of this equipment, we can apply our knowledge to new problems and improve our ability to construct efficiently and effectively in a variety of settings.