text:
Flashes of energy detected in distant galaxies could be evidence of aliens powering interstellar spacecraft, according to scientists at Harvard University.

Discovered in 2007, Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are intense radio pulses lasting up to a millisecond.

Their origins remain unknown, and fewer than two dozen have been detected by the world's largest radio telescopes - but they appear to occur in remote galaxies billions of light years away.

Now, a team from Harvard has suggested FRBs could be leaked energy from powerful transmitters built in order to send giant light sail ships on interstellar voyages.

A light sail uses the tiny amount of pressure exerted by light to produce a small but constant acceleration which allows a spacecraft to reach a great speed.

Professor Avi Loeb, from the Harvard-Smithsonian Centre for Astrophysics, said: "Fast radio bursts are exceedingly bright given their short duration and origin at great distances, and we haven't identified a possible natural source with any confidence.

"An artificial origin is worth contemplating and checking."

New images reveal Milky Way's sister

Professor Loeb, along with fellow Harvard colleague Dr Manasvi Lingham, has studied the feasibility of building a radio transmitter powerful enough to be detectable from such a large distance.

They concluded a solar-powered system would need to use an area twice the size of Earth to capture enough of the sun's rays to create the required energy.

They also said water-cooling on a massive scale would be needed to stop the underlying structure from melting.

The energy levels responsible for FRBs would be enough to push a payload weighing a million tons - about 20 times the mass of the largest cruise ships on Earth.

Professor Lingham said: "That's big enough to carry living passengers across interstellar or even intergalactic distances."

Writing in the journal Astrophysical Journal Letters, the scientists said the fact FRBs have made repeat appearances that cannot be explained by cataclysmic natural events could be a clue to their artificial origin.

They also explained FRBs are only observed as brief flashes on Earth because the sail and its host planet, star and galaxy are all moving relative to Earth.

As a result, the beam sweeps across the sky and only points towards us for a split second.

Professor Loeb added: "Science isn't a matter of belief, it's a matter of evidence.

"Deciding what's likely ahead of time limits the possibilities. It's worth putting ideas out there and letting the data be the judge."

textbook:
Lesson: The Mystery of Fast Radio Bursts

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will explore the mystery of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs), which are intense radio pulses detected in distant galaxies. We will learn about their origins, the theories behind them, and their potential significance in the search for extraterrestrial life.

Section 1: What are Fast Radio Bursts?

Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are intense radio pulses that last for up to a millisecond. They were first discovered in 2007 and have since puzzled scientists due to their origins and the fact that they occur in remote galaxies billions of light years away.

Section 2: Theories and Potential Uses

There are several theories about what could cause FRBs, including:

1. Accretion of matter onto a black hole
2. Neutron star collisions
3. Supernovae explosions
4. Alien spacecraft powering up their engines

While the first three theories have some evidence supporting them, the fourth theory - that FRBs are leaked energy from powerful transmitters built by extraterrestrial civilizations to send giant light sail ships on interstellar voyages - is more speculative.

Section 3: Critical Thinking Exercise

Imagine you are a scientist studying FRBs. You have collected data from several observations and have found that some FRBs seem to be repeating at regular intervals. This could mean that they are not one-time events but rather recurring signals. How would you investigate further?

1. Would you suggest building a more sensitive radio telescope to detect weaker signals and potentially pick up more information about the source of the FRBs?
2. Would you propose collaborating with other researchers to combine data from different telescopes and improve the accuracy of the observations?
3. Would you analyze the data using machine learning algorithms to identify patterns or signatures that could help pinpoint the location of the FRBs?

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we have explored the mystery of Fast Radio Bursts and the theories behind them. We have also engaged in a critical thinking exercise to imagine how a scientist might investigate further. By understanding the potential significance of FRBs in the search for extraterrestrial life, we can appreciate the importance of scientific inquiry and the pursuit of knowledge.

Glossary:
- Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs): Intense radio pulses lasting up to a millisecond detected in distant galaxies.
- Light sail: A spacecraft that uses the pressure of light to accelerate and travel at high speeds.
- Interstellar: Relating to or located between stars.
- Extraterrestrial: Originating or occurring outside the Earth or its atmosphere.

[1] Professor Avi Loeb, from the Harvard-Smithsonian Centre for Astrophysics, said: "Fast radio bursts are exceedingly bright given their short duration and origin at great distances, and we haven't identified a possible natural source for them."


text:
Lucky Roots

My mother was Irish. When I came to play Philomena Lee (in the 2013 film Philomena), I understood her Irishness and also her sense of humor. I recognized that very well.

Ties That Bind

If I hadn't been married to Michael, he would have been my best friend. Not taking each other for granted is key. It's the store you put in a marriage.

Oscar Buzz

I don't think there are enough Oscars made for all the people who are told, "There'll be an Oscar in this." I think it's good luck if it's mentioned, but you shouldn't pin your hopes too much on it.

Giving Back

I'm patron of more than 200 charities. You get a bit of money and think, "That will help donkeys or African children or the tsunami [victims]." I'm very interested in things concerning the blind now, too.

What They Know ...

Mum's the Word

We had always planned to have about six children, Michael and me. Yet we had only one beautiful daughter, an actress. My grandson is 16. Motherhood means everything to me. The whole family getting together — it's the best day you could have.

The Eyes Have It

Like millions, I have macular degeneration. My mother had it, too. I don't see as much. I trust my friends to tell me if I have spinach on my tooth or if my makeup is awry. And they know that if they see me, they must come within 8 inches and say, "Look at me, stupid person," and then I'm all right! But, you know, the excuse of having somebody come up so close to you is lovely.

Life Offscreen

I have a very nice time seeing friends and having a laugh and playing cards and trying to be better at cooking, which I'm appalling at.

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Motherhood

Introduction:
Motherhood is a fundamental aspect of human life. It is a role that many women take on, and it comes with its own set of challenges and rewards. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of motherhood and its impact on society.

Section 1: The Significance of Motherhood

Topic 1: Motherhood is a Universal Experience
Motherhood is a common experience that spans across cultures and generations. It is an essential part of human life, and it has been celebrated throughout history.

Topic 2: Motherhood and Identity
Being a mother can shape a woman's identity. It can provide a sense of purpose and fulfillment, and it can also bring about challenges and sacrifices.

Topic 3: Motherhood and Society
Motherhood plays a crucial role in society. It contributes to the continuation of the human race and helps to shape future generations.

Section 2: The Challenges of Motherhood

Topic 1: Physical Challenges
Motherhood comes with physical challenges, such as pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding. These challenges can be demanding, but they are also essential for the health and wellbeing of both the mother and the child.

Topic 2: Emotional Challenges
Motherhood can also come with emotional challenges. Women may feel overwhelmed, anxious, or depressed. However, these emotions are normal and can be managed with support and care.

Topic 3: Social Challenges
Motherhood can also present social challenges. Women may face pressure to balance work and family life, and they may encounter judgment or criticism from others.

Section 3: The Rewards of Motherhood

Topic 1: The Bond Between Mother and Child
One of the most significant rewards of motherhood is the bond between the mother and the child. This bond is unique and special, and it can bring immense joy and fulfillment to both parties.

Topic 2: Personal Growth
Motherhood can also lead to personal growth. Women may develop new skills, such as patience, resilience, and adaptability. They may also gain a deeper understanding of themselves and their capabilities.

Topic 3: Contribution to Society
Finally, motherhood contributes to society by raising the next generation. Mothers play a crucial role in shaping the values, beliefs, and behaviors of their children. They can instill in them the values of kindness, empathy, and responsibility.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, motherhood is a vital aspect of human life. It presents challenges, but it also brings immense rewards. By celebrating and supporting mothers, we can ensure that future generations are raised with love, compassion, and respect.

Glossary:
- Motherhood: the state of being a mother
- Identity: the qualities, beliefs, and values that define a person
- Continuation: the act of keeping something going or alive
- Fulfillment: the act of providing what is desired or needed
- Overwhelmed: feeling too much pressure or stress
- Anxious: feeling worried or nervous
- Depressed: feeling sad or low in mood
- Balance: the act of managing different aspects of life
- Judgment: the act of forming an opinion or making a decision
- Criticism: the act of expressing disapproval or fault
- Bond: a strong emotional connection between two people
- Resilience: the ability to recover quickly from difficult situations
- Adaptability: the ability to adjust to new or changing situations
- Values: beliefs or principles that guide behavior
- Empathy: the ability to understand and share the feelings of others
- Responsibility: the quality of being accountable for one's actions.


text: Voodoo is widely practiced on the island of Hispaniola, shared by Haiti and the Dominican Republic. On the Dominican side of the island, IMB missionary Carlos Llambes has spent the last 10 years making disciples, planting churches and teaching Dominican and Haitian believers to do the same. He and his wife, Lily, leave behind a well-trained group of church leaders as they move to Mexico City this month to plant churches there.

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson: Voodoo Culture in Hispaniola

## Introduction
Voodoo is a religion that is widely practiced on the island of Hispaniola, which is shared by Haiti and the Dominican Republic. This religion has been part of the culture of these countries for centuries, and it continues to be an important aspect of their lives today. In this lesson, we will learn about the history of Voodoo, its practices, and its impact on the people of Hispaniola.

## Section 1: History of Voodoo
Voodoo originated in West Africa and was brought to the Americas by slaves who were forced to work on sugar plantations in the Caribbean and South America. The religion was a way for them to connect with their ancestors and communicate with spirits, which helped them cope with the harsh conditions of slavery. Over time, Voodoo became a part of the culture of the countries where it was practiced, including Haiti and the Dominican Republic.

## Section 2: Practices of Voodoo
Voodoo is a religion that involves many different practices, including:

1. Animal sacrifices: Many Voodoo practitioners believe that offering animals as sacrifices to the spirits can help them achieve their goals. Goats, chickens, and other animals are often used in these sacrifices.

2. Magic spells: Voodoo practitioners believe that they can use magic spells to influence events in their lives. These spells may involve the use of herbs, potions, or other items that are believed to have magical powers.

3. Rituals: Voodoo involves many different rituals, including dances, chants, and other activities that are believed to help communicate with the spirits.

4. Spirit possession: Some Voodoo practitioners believe that they can become possessed by spirits, which can cause them to act in unusual ways.

5. Healing: Voodoo practitioners believe that they can use their powers to heal people who are sick or injured. They may use herbs, potions, or other methods to help cure their patients.

## Section 3: Impact of Voodoo on Hispaniola
Voodoo has had a significant impact on the people of Hispaniola, both in Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Many people continue to practice this religion today, and it remains an important part of their culture and identity. However, there are also many challenges associated with Voodoo, including concerns about animal cruelty, superstition, and other negative aspects of the religion.

## Glossary
- Voodoo: A religion that originated in West Africa and was brought to the Americas by slaves.
- Spirit: A supernatural being believed to exist in some religions and cultures.
- Sacrifice: To give up something valuable for the sake of something else.
- Magic: The art of producing illusions as a form of entertainment or deception.
- Spell: A set of instructions or words believed to have magical powers.
- Possession: The act of taking control or ownership of something.
- Ritual: A ceremony or series of actions performed according to a set pattern.
- Healing: The process of restoring health or wholeness to someone who is sick or injured.

## Conclusion
Voodoo is a complex religion that has played an important role in the culture and history of Hispaniola. While there are many positive aspects to this religion, there are also challenges associated with it, including concerns about animal cruelty and superstition. By learning more about Voodoo, we can gain a deeper understanding of the people of Hispaniola and the traditions that shape their lives.


text: I was sitting on the side of a sand hill with my son Brett. It was nearing dusk in the early spring, warm enough to sit outside and before the time of year when bugs chase interlopers inside with their aerial attacks. I had three days off and I was thinking of all the things that I wanted us to do. Brett was content to play in the sand, alternately digging shallow holes and filling them in.. As my mind continued to wander, Brett looked up, saw the first star of the night and joyously pointed it out to me.

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Mindfulness in Everyday Life

**Introduction:** Mindfulness is the practice of being present and fully engaged in the current moment. It can help reduce stress and improve overall well-being. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of mindfulness in everyday life.

**Section 1: What is Mindfulness?**
- Mindfulness is the act of intentionally focusing your attention on the present moment, without judgment.
- It involves paying attention to your thoughts, feelings, and surroundings in a non-judgmental way.
- Mindfulness can be practiced in many ways, such as meditation, deep breathing, or simply taking a few moments to appreciate your surroundings.

**Section 2: Why is Mindfulness Important?**
- Mindfulness can help reduce stress and anxiety by allowing you to focus on the present moment instead of worrying about the past or future.
- It can also improve concentration and focus, leading to better performance in school or work.
- Mindfulness has been shown to improve mental health, including reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety.

**Section 3: How can I Practice Mindfulness?**
- Start by setting aside a few minutes each day to practice mindfulness. You can use a guided meditation or simply find a quiet spot to sit and focus on your breath.
- Pay attention to your thoughts and feelings without judging them. If your mind wanders, gently bring it back to your breath.
- Try incorporating mindfulness into your daily routine, such as taking a few moments to appreciate the beauty of nature or savoring the taste of your food.

**Glossary:**
- Mindfulness: the act of intentionally focusing your attention on the present moment, without judgment.
- Stress: a feeling of emotional or physical tension.
- Anxiety: a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease about something with an uncertain outcome.

**Conclusion:** By practicing mindfulness in our daily lives, we can reduce stress and anxiety, improve our mental health, and enhance our overall well-being. Take a few moments each day to focus on the present moment and appreciate the beauty around you.


text: Anti-Terrestrial-Black-Metal – The North Rhine-Westphalians from Magoth have devoted themselves to this rather unusual genre and want to fill their own gap. Starting in 2011 as a sideproject of singer Heergott, they released the first demo „Der Toten Gesang“ in 2016. Brutal blastparts fondled by rock passages can’t yet deny the strong doom influence and the overall thick atmosphere of their music. Currently, the quartette is working on the first album which is to be released in mid-2017 under the name „Anti Terrestrial Black Metal“, which is heavly anticipated.

textbook:
Lesson: Genres of Music

Introduction:
Music is a form of art that involves organized and audible sounds and silence. It is a universal language that is enjoyed by people of all ages, cultures, and backgrounds. There are different genres of music that cater to different tastes and preferences. In this lesson, we will learn about one such genre called "Anti-Terrestrial-Black-Metal."

Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

**Topic:** Genres of Music
**Question:** What is a genre of music?
**Answer:** A genre of music refers to a specific category or type of music that shares similar characteristics such as style, instrumentation, and lyrical themes.

Section 2: Practical Examples

**Topic:** Anti-Terrestrial-Black-Metal
**Question:** What are the characteristics of Anti-Terrestrial-Black-Metal?
**Answer:** Anti-Terrestrial-Black-Metal is a genre of music that combines elements of brutal blastparts with rock passages, doom influence, and a thick atmosphere. It is characterized by heavy guitar riffs, harsh vocals, and fast tempos.

Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

**Topic:** Magoth
**Question:** Who is Magoth?
**Answer:** Magoth is a band from North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, that plays Anti-Terrestrial-Black-Metal. They were formed in 2011 as a side project of singer Heergott and released their first demo "Der Toten Gesang" in 2016.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the Anti-Terrestrial-Black-Metal genre of music and the characteristics that define it. We also learned about Magoth, a band that plays this genre. By understanding the different genres of music, we can appreciate and enjoy music from different cultures and backgrounds. This skill can be applied to other areas of life, such as learning about different cultures and perspectives.


text: Carol Denise Peeler Aday. The Courier. Serving Hardin County since 1844. Carol Denise Peeler Aday, 44, of Savannah, died Sunday, May 16, in Savannah. She was born in Jackson, Miss., the daughter of Mildred McAlister Umphrey and the late Clyde Currie Peeler. She was united in marriage to Ritchie Aday, who survives. Mrs. Aday had worked for Hardee’s in Iuka, Miss. and had worked as a CNA for Tishomingo Manor in Iuka, Miss. Services were held on Tuesday, May 18, at Shackelford Chapel in Savannah with J.P. Gillis officiating. Burial was in the Neill Cemetery at Savannah. In addition to her husband, Ritchie of Iuka, Miss., she is survived by one son, Christopher Lynn Snodgrass of Iuka, Miss.; two grandchildren; her mother, Mildred McAlister Umphrey and her stepfather, Coley Umphrey, both of Savannah; one sister, Cathy Frank of Savannah; two brothers, Scott Peeler of Savannah and Billy Broom of Selmer. She was also preceded in death by one son, Kevin Dewayne Snodgrass; and one brother, Steve Broom.

textbook:
Lesson: Reading and Understanding Obituaries

Introduction:
Obituaries are an important source of information about people who have passed away. They provide details about the person's life, their family, and their accomplishments. Reading and understanding obituaries can help us learn more about our community and the people around us. In this lesson, we will learn how to read and understand obituaries.

Section 1: Understanding the Structure of an Obituary

An obituary typically follows a specific structure, which includes the following components:

1. Name of the deceased: This is the first piece of information listed in an obituary. It is usually followed by the age of the person at the time of their death.

2. Date and location of death: This information is also included in the obituary, along with the date and location of the funeral or memorial service.

3. Survivors: This section lists the family members who survive the deceased, including spouses, children, parents, siblings, and other close relatives.

4. Cause of death: While some obituaries may include the cause of death, others may not. This information is often kept private and only shared with close family members.

5. Biography: The biography section provides details about the person's life, including their education, career, hobbies, and accomplishments.

6. Memorial contributions: Many obituaries include information about where to send donations or contributions in memory of the deceased.

7. Final arrangements: This section includes information about the funeral or memorial service, including the date, time, and location.

Section 2: Reading and Analyzing an Obituary

Once you understand the structure of an obituary, you can begin reading and analyzing them. Here are some tips for reading and analyzing an obituary:

1. Read the entire obituary: Take the time to read the entire obituary, including all of the sections mentioned above. This will give you a complete picture of the person's life and accomplishments.

2. Look for key details: As you read the obituary, look for key details such as the name of the deceased, their age, and the date and location of their death. These details are important for understanding the context of the obituary.

3. Pay attention to the biography: The biography section is often the most detailed part of the obituary. Read carefully to learn about the person's education, career, hobbies, and accomplishments.

4. Identify themes: As you read the obituary, try to identify any themes or patterns in the person's life. Did they have a particular passion or interest? Were they involved in any organizations or causes?

5. Compare and contrast: If you know the deceased person or their family, compare and contrast the information in the obituary with your own knowledge and memories.

Section 3: Practical Examples

Let's take a look at a sample obituary and apply the tips from Section 2:

Obituary:
John Smith, 75, of Savannah, died suddenly at his home on May 15. He is survived by his wife of 50 years, Mary Smith, and their two children, Jane and John Jr. Mr. Smith was a retired engineer who spent his career working for the city of Savannah. He was an avid golfer and enjoyed spending time with his family. A memorial service will be held at the Savannah Country Club on May 20 at 2 pm.

Analysis:
1. Name of the deceased: John Smith
2. Age at time of death: 75
3. Date and location of death: May 15, Savannah
4. Survivors: Wife Mary Smith, children Jane and John Jr.
5. Cause of death: Suddenly at his home
6. Biography: Retired engineer, avid golfer, spent time with family
7. Memorial contributions: Not mentioned
8. Final arrangements: Memorial service at Savannah Country Club on May 20 at 2 pm

Conclusion:
Reading and understanding obituaries can help us learn more about our community and the people around us. By following the structure of an obituary and analyzing the information provided, we can gain a better understanding of the person's life and accomplishments.


text:
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a flash modulation control apparatus in a camera of the TTL automatic light modulation type, and particularly an apparatus for setting a photographing mode in conformity with an object, and effecting light modulation control in accordance with the photometry area and light amount level of the object field optimal to the photographing mode.
2. Related Background Art
There is known a flash modulation control apparatus in a camera of the TTL automatic light modulation type which effects light modulation so that after the light emission of a flash device is started during flash photographing, the light emission of the flash device may be stopped when the amount of reflected light from an object reaches a predetermined light amount level, whereby proper exposure may be obtained.
The photometry area of the apparatus of this kind is substantially the whole of the photographing image field, or a relatively wide range including the center of the image field. Also, the light amount level which determines the timing of the stoppage of the light emission is determined on the basis of light reflected at a predetermined proportion relative to a certain predetermined amount of light emitted. For example, an object having a certain predetermined reflectivity (average reflectivity) is disposed in opposed relationship with the flash device so as to cover an area for effecting photometry, and a TTL light amount level is determined on the basis of such a relation between time and light amount that the object is photographed at proper exposure during flash emission.
However, the reflectivity of the object field during ordinary flash photographing is not uniform and therefore, when flash photographing is effected by the use of a conventional device, there arises the problem that exposure becomes over or under depending on the object.
For example, if the number of persons or bodies which are main objects increases or decreases, the area that main objects lying at the same distance occupy for the photometry area in the photographing image field varies and the amounts of reflected light from these main objects vary. However, the amount of light emitted from the flash device is controlled on the basis of a TTL light amount level determined with an object of the average reflectivity supposed and therefore, if the number of main objects increases, the amount of reflected light increases and light emission is stopped early and thus, the exposure for the main objects becomes under. If conversely, the number of main objects decreases, the amount of reflected light decreases and the time when light emission is stopped becomes late, and the exposure for the main objects becomes over. A similar phenomenon occurs when lenses of different focal lengths are used. That is, if the focal length becomes smaller (if a wide angle lens is used), the size of the main object in the photographing image field becomes smaller and the background range photographed becomes wider and therefore, the amount of reflected light from the main object decreases and the time when light emission is stopped becomes late, and the exposure for the main object becomes over. On the other hand, if the focal length becomes greater (if a telephoto lens is used), the size of the main object in the photographing image field becomes larger and the background range photographed becomes narrower and therefore, the amount of reflected light from the main object increases and the time when light emission is stopped becomes early, and the exposure for the main object becomes under.
Also, in the prior-art apparatus, reflected light from an object is metered in the whole of the photographing image field or a wide range including the central portion of the image field, and this also leads to the problem that proper exposure is not obtained for a main object when the main object occupies a relatively narrow range in the photographing image field or when the main object is not at the center of the image field.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Flash Modulation Control Apparatus in Cameras

**Objective:** To understand the basic principles of a flash modulation control apparatus in a camera and its application in photography.

**Level:** Primary through high school students

**Duration:** 30 minutes

**Materials:** None

**Introduction:** This lesson will introduce you to the concept of a flash modulation control apparatus in cameras. We will discuss what it is, how it works, and its applications in photography.

**Section 1: What is a Flash Modulation Control Apparatus in Cameras?**

A flash modulation control apparatus in a camera is a device that controls the light emitted by a flash device during photography. It ensures that the flash device emits the right amount of light needed for proper exposure of the photographed object.

**Section 2: How does a Flash Modulation Control Apparatus work?**

The flash modulation control apparatus works by measuring the amount of light reflected by the object being photographed. Based on this measurement, it adjusts the light emission of the flash device to ensure that the photographed object is properly exposed.

**Section 3: Applications of a Flash Modulation Control Apparatus in Cameras**

The flash modulation control apparatus is used in cameras that have a built-in flash device. It is particularly useful in low-light conditions, where the flash device is needed to provide additional light for proper exposure. It also helps to avoid overexposure of the photographed object.

**Conclusion:**

In this lesson, we have learned about the flash modulation control apparatus in cameras and its applications in photography. We have discussed what it is, how it works, and its benefits. By understanding the principles behind this apparatus, we can use it effectively to capture great photographs in various lighting conditions.


text:
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to an automatic load measuring device which is able to correct a carrying load measured by one or more automatic load measuring sensors to thereby find the actual load of a vehicle.
2. Background
FIG. 8a is a graphical representation which shows a relationship between a display value, a carrying load, a carrying load pattern respectively obtained when a conventional automatic load measuring device is used. Also, FIGS. 8b and 8c are respectively graphical representations to explain the correction results that are obtained when an inflection point correction is made. Further, FIGS. 8d and 8e are respectively graphical representations to show the correction results that are obtained when the same inflection point correction corrections is used in another carrying load pattern.
The output characteristic of an automatic load measuring sensor used in the automatic load measuring device, as shown in FIG. 8a, generally has an upwardly projecting shape. Also, the automatic load measuring sensor shows output characteristics which are different from each other according to the patterns of the carrying loads of a vehicle such as the uniform carrying load, forwardly biased carrying load, backwardly biased carrying load, right biased carrying load, left biased carrying load, and other similarly biased carrying loads of the vehicle.
Conventionally, in order to correct the influences of the output characteristics of the automatic load measuring sensors and the influences of the carrying load patterns of the vehicle, as shown in FIG. 8b or 8c, there has been used an inflection point correction method.
The term "inflection point correction" means correction in which there is set an arbitrary load value and load values larger or smaller than the thus set load value are multiplied by different coefficients to thereby allow the projecting-shaped output characteristic of the load measuring sensor to approach to a straight line.
However, the inflection point correction method used in the conventional automatic load measuring device is truly able to cope with the carrying load patterns of the vehicle only when a specific type of automatic load measuring sensor is used but, as shown in FIGS. 8d and 8e, when the carrying load of the vehicle is measured by use of the other types of automatic load measuring sensors or when other types of carrying load patterns are measured, the inflection point correction method finds it difficult to correct the load carrying patterns of the vehicle and the output characteristics of the automatic load measuring sensors with high accuracy.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Automatic Load Measuring Devices

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
An automatic load measuring device is a tool used to measure the weight of a vehicle's cargo. It works by using one or more sensors to detect the amount of weight being carried by the vehicle. The device then calculates the total weight based on the readings from the sensors.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
Let's consider a truck that is carrying a load of sand. The automatic load measuring device installed in the truck measures the weight of the sand using sensors. The device then calculates the total weight of the sand and displays it on a screen. This information is useful for the driver to know how much weight the truck is carrying and to ensure that it is within the legal limit.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
In the real world, automatic load measuring devices are used in various industries such as transportation, construction, and agriculture. For example, in the construction industry, these devices are used to measure the weight of heavy machinery and equipment. This information is crucial for ensuring that the machinery is not overloaded and to prevent accidents caused by excessive weight.

## Glossary
- Automatic Load Measuring Device: A tool used to measure the weight of a vehicle's cargo.
- Sensors: A device that detects or measures a physical property and records, indicates, or otherwise responds to it.
- Display Value: The value displayed on a screen showing the weight of the cargo.
- Carrying Load Pattern: A graphical representation of the weight of the cargo over time.
- Inflection Point Correction: A method used to correct errors in the display value caused by changes in the carrying load pattern.

## Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned about automatic load measuring devices and their importance in various industries. We also explored the theoretical concepts, practical examples, and real-world scenarios related to these devices. By understanding how these devices work and how they can be used to measure the weight of cargo, we can apply this knowledge to new problems and situations.


text: This was one of the discussion points which came up at the seminar we co-hosted with the Thomson Reuters ONESOURCE team last month. The focus of the seminar was the practicalities of managing Intercompany Agreements for TP compliance.. Intercompany agreements (ICAs) don’t replace or override functional analysis. The two go hand in hand. On a typical client project, our first step is usually to review the draft TP reports (or master file and local files), which should include the who-does-what functional analysis. This helps us understand the intended position, so that we can then design the legal structure, including the ICAs.. But it’s not a one-way process; the ICAs and the functional analysis should inform each other. If the ICAs don’t match the operational activities, they are probably wrong. If the functional analysis and purported allocation of risk is not consistent with the actual legal relationship between the relevant group companies, it has no basis in fact..

textbook:
**Lesson:**

**Introduction:**
In this lesson, we will learn about intercompany agreements (ICAs) and how they relate to transfer pricing (TP) compliance. We will cover the following topics:

1. What are intercompany agreements?
2. How do ICAs relate to transfer pricing compliance?
3. What are the key components of an ICA?
4. How do you design an effective ICA?
5. What are the common mistakes to avoid when designing ICAs?

**Section 1: What are intercompany agreements?**
Intercompany agreements (ICAs) are legal contracts between related entities within a multinational corporation. They set out the terms and conditions under which the parties conduct their business transactions with each other. ICAs are essential for ensuring compliance with transfer pricing (TP) rules, which require that associated enterprises transact with each other at arm's length prices.

**Section 2: How do ICAs relate to transfer pricing compliance?**
ICAs play a crucial role in TP compliance by establishing the commercial and financial terms under which associated enterprises transact with each other. These terms should reflect the economic conditions that would apply between unrelated parties dealing at arm's length. By setting out these terms, ICAs help ensure that associated enterprises are not engaging in cross-border profit shifting or other tax avoidance strategies.

**Section 3: What are the key components of an ICA?**
The key components of an ICA include:

1. Description of the parties and their relationship
2. A description of the goods or services being provided
3. The price and payment terms for the goods or services
4. Any warranties or representations made by the parties
5. Confidentiality and intellectual property provisions
6. Dispute resolution mechanisms
7. Termination and renewal provisions
8. Governing law and jurisdiction provisions

**Section 4: How do you design an effective ICA?**
To design an effective ICA, you should consider the following factors:

1. The nature and complexity of the transaction
2. The business objectives of the parties
3. The legal and regulatory environment in which the parties operate
4. The potential risks and liabilities associated with the transaction
5. The need to ensure TP compliance

**Section 5: What are the common mistakes to avoid when designing ICAs?**
Some common mistakes to avoid when designing ICAs include:

1. Failing to consider the TP implications of the transaction
2. Using standard form contracts without proper modification
3. Failing to take into account the unique characteristics of the parties and their businesses
4. Failing to obtain proper legal advice on the terms and conditions of the ICA
5. Failing to update the ICA as the parties' business needs evolve

**Conclusion:**
In conclusion, ICAs are essential for ensuring TP compliance and should be designed with care to reflect the parties' business objectives and legal obligations. By understanding the key components of an ICA and the factors to consider when designing one, you can help ensure that your company is well-positioned to meet its TP obligations.


text:
Q:

mergesort algorithm

First let me say that this is hw so I am looking for more advice than an answer.  I am to write a program to read an input sequence and then produce an array of links giving the values in ascending order.
The first line of the input file is the length of the sequence (n) and each of the remaining n lines is a non-negative integer. The
first line of the output indicates the subscript of the smallest input value. Each of the remaining output lines is a triple
consisting of a subscript along with the corresponding input sequence and link values.
(The link values are not initialized before the recursive sort begins. Each link will be initialized to -1 when its sequence value is placed in a single element list at bottom of recursion tree)
The output looks something like this:
0  3  5
1  5  2
2  6  3
3  7  -1
4  0  6
5  4  1
6  1  7
7  2  0

Where (I think) the last column is the subscripts, the center is the unsorted array, and the last column is the link values.  I have the code already for the mergeSort and understand how it works I am only just confused and how the links get put into place.

A:

I used vector of structures to hold the three values of each line.
The major steps are:

initialize the indexes and read the values from the input
sort the vector by value
determine the links
sort (back) the vector by index

Here is a sketch of the code:
struct Element {
    int index;
    int value;
    int nextIndex; // link
}

Element V[N + 1];
int StartIndex;

V[i].index = i;
V[i].value = read_from_input;

sort(V); // by value

startIndex = V[0].index;
V[i].nextIndex = V[i + 1].index;
V[N].nextIndex = -1;

sort(V); // by index

textbook:
Lesson: Mergesort Algorithm

Introduction:
The Mergesort algorithm is a sorting algorithm that uses divide-and-conquer to sort an array of elements. It divides the array into two halves, sorts them recursively, and then merges them back together. This algorithm has a time complexity of O(nlogn), making it efficient for large arrays.

Core Value:
The Mergesort algorithm is an efficient sorting algorithm that uses divide-and-conquer to sort an array of elements.

Self-Taught Lesson:
## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

**Question:** What is the time complexity of the Mergesort algorithm?

**Answer:** The time complexity of the Mergesort algorithm is O(nlogn).

## Section 2: Practical Examples

**Example:** Suppose we have an array of elements: [3, 7, 1, 5, 9, 2]. We want to sort it using the Mergesort algorithm.

**Step 1:** Divide the array into two halves. In this case, the array is already small enough to fit into a single recursion step, so we can divide it into two equal halves: [3, 7, 1, 5, 9, 2] and [3, 7, 1, 5, 9, 2].

**Step 2:** Recursively sort each half. We can use the Mergesort algorithm to sort each half. For example, we can sort the first half as follows: [3, 7, 1, 5, 9, 2].

**Step 3:** Merge the sorted halves. We can merge the sorted halves by comparing the elements and taking the smaller one. For example, if we compare [3, 7, 1, 5, 9, 2] and [3, 7, 1, 5, 9, 2], we get [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2].

**Step 4:** Return the sorted array. We can return the sorted array [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2] as the final result.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

**Scenario:** Suppose we have a list of numbers in a computer program. We want to sort them in ascending order using the Mergesort algorithm.

**Solution:** We can use the Mergesort algorithm to sort the list of numbers in ascending order. We start by dividing the list into two halves, recursively sorting each half, and then merging the sorted halves back together. The final sorted list will be in ascending order.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the Mergesort algorithm, its time complexity, and how to apply it to practical examples and real-world scenarios. By understanding the theoretical concepts, practicing with examples, and applying it to real-world scenarios, we can become proficient in using the Mergesort algorithm to sort arrays of elements.


text: Real Estate. Real Estate. Lee & Associates – Real Estate,. Commercial Real Estate. We at Lee & Associates are Commercial Real Estate experts, servicing the Mid-Atlantic Region and specializing in industrial, office and retail requirements. Let one of our veteran brokers with national relationships, extensive local market knowledge, and a vested interest in your success, help you meet your commercial real estate needs.. Rosenberg Martin Greenberg, LLP –. Attorneys, Real Estate. .

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Real Estate

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Real Estate is a term used to describe land and any physical property or structures that are attached to it. It can also refer to rights of use or enjoyment of the land and its resources. Real Estate is often divided into two categories: Residential and Commercial.

Residential Real Estate includes single-family homes, condos, townhouses, and co-ops. Commercial Real Estate includes office buildings, retail spaces, warehouses, and other types of properties used for business purposes.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's consider an example of a residential property. A single-family home is purchased for $300,000 with a down payment of $60,000. The buyer takes out a mortgage loan for the remaining balance of $240,000. The monthly mortgage payment includes principal and interest, property taxes, and homeowner's insurance. Over time, the equity in the home increases as the mortgage balance decreases.

Now let's look at an example of a commercial property. A company leases office space for their business operations. They sign a five-year lease agreement with annual rent increases. The landlord is responsible for maintaining the building and common areas, while the tenant is responsible for their own interior space.

## Section 3: Critical Thinking Discussion

What factors should be considered when purchasing a residential property? How does the location, size, and condition of the property affect its value? What are some common expenses associated with owning a home, such as maintenance and repairs?

In the case of the commercial property, what are some factors that could impact the value of the office space? How might the company's growth and financial stability affect their ability to honor the lease agreement? What are some potential risks associated with leasing commercial space, such as changes in the market or economic conditions?

## Glossary

- Real Estate: Land and any physical property or structures attached to it, as well as rights of use or enjoyment of the land and its resources.
- Residential Real Estate: Includes single-family homes, condos, townhouses, and co-ops.
- Commercial Real Estate: Includes office buildings, retail spaces, warehouses, and other types of properties used for business purposes.
- Equity: The difference between the market value of a property and the outstanding balance of any loans secured by the property.
- Mortgage: A loan used to purchase a property, typically secured by the property itself.
- Principal: The amount borrowed in a mortgage loan, not including interest or fees.
- Interest: The cost of borrowing money, typically expressed as an annual percentage rate (APR).
- Property Taxes: Taxes assessed on real property based on its value.
- Homeowner's Insurance: Insurance that protects against losses and damages to a property.
- Lease: A contract between a landlord and tenant that outlines the terms of occupancy of a property.
- Rent: The periodic payment made by a tenant to a landlord for the use of a property.
- Landlord: The owner of a property who rents it to a tenant.
- Tenant: The person or entity that rents a property from the landlord.

## Conclusion

Understanding the basics of Real Estate can be beneficial for anyone looking to buy or sell property, as well as for those interested in investing in commercial real estate. By considering factors such as location, size, condition, and expenses, individuals can make informed decisions about their property choices. Additionally, critical thinking discussions can help identify potential risks and opportunities associated with different types of properties.


text: Maryland IP Law Blog Wordle. Below is a Wordle based on the last several months worth of posts on this website. A Wordle is a “word cloud” generated from text in which greater prominence is given to words that appear more frequently in the source text. In the Wordle below, one can see that the words "patent," "Maryland," "district," "court," and "judge" have found their way into the posts on this website more frequently than other words.. Jonathan Feinberg of IBM Research is credited for providing the on-line Wordle tool.. Thought you might like to know that Wordle (the amazing tool you used so effectively in this blog post) has been shut down by Jonathan Feinberg until some sort of trademark claim on the use of the word "Wordle" is dealt with..... You wouldn't happen to know any good Law firms who deal with this kind of thing would you ;-)

textbook:
Title: Understanding Word Clouds and Their Applications in Legal Analysis

Overview:
In this lesson, we will learn about Word clouds, their significance in legal analysis, and how they can be used to analyze legal documents. We will also discuss some practical examples of how Word clouds can be used in legal analysis.

Section 1: Introduction to Word Clouds

Word clouds are graphical representations of text data. They are used to visualize the frequency of words in a given text. The size of each word in the cloud represents its frequency or importance in the text.

Word clouds can be used to identify patterns in large amounts of text data. They can be used to identify the most common words in a document, as well as the most important words.

Section 2: Applications of Word Clouds in Legal Analysis

Word clouds can be used in legal analysis to identify patterns in legal documents. For example, a Word cloud can be used to identify the most common legal terms in a contract. This can help lawyers understand the key provisions of the contract and identify areas of concern.

Word clouds can also be used to identify the most important legal terms in a case. This can help lawyers understand the key issues in the case and identify areas of focus for their legal analysis.

Section 3: Practical Examples of Using Word Clouds in Legal Analysis

Practical example 1: Analyzing a Contract

Suppose you have a contract that you need to analyze. You can create a Word cloud of the contract to identify the most common legal terms. This can help you understand the key provisions of the contract and identify areas of concern.

For example, if you create a Word cloud of a contract, you may find that the most common words are "liability," "damages," and "indemnity." This suggests that these are the key provisions of the contract, and you should focus your analysis on these areas.

Practical example 2: Analyzing a Case

Suppose you have a case that you need to analyze. You can create a Word cloud of the case to identify the most important legal terms. This can help you understand the key issues in the case and identify areas of focus for your legal analysis.

For example, if you create a Word cloud of a case, you may find that the most common words are "constitutionality," "due process," and "equal protection." This suggests that these are the key issues in the case, and you should focus your analysis on these areas.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, Word clouds are a powerful tool for legal analysis. They can be used to identify patterns in legal documents and help lawyers understand the key provisions and issues in a case. By using Word clouds, lawyers can save time and effort in their legal analysis, and identify areas of focus for their legal analysis.


text:
“Live Among Buildings” : A Surprisingly Attractive Idea

Mateusz Mastalski and Ole Robin Storjohann&#8217s venture Live In between Buildings is unique and extremely practical. Winners of the Global Style Competitors NEW VISION OF THE LOFT 2 organized by roof window producer Fakro and A10 new European architecture magazine, the architects have come up a new vision on modern apartments. Small infills between existing buildings could be the new trend when it comes to modern micro-home apartments. Proposed for a variety of dense cities like New York, Tokyo, Amsterdam, Helsinki and London. the small living quarters feature playful shapes clouds and speech bubbles. The idea can be taken further, delivering several shapes and housing kinds. Surfaces are all covered with transparent roof windows to let the greatest amount of light in. From what we&#8217ve observed so far, narrow houses can be fairly inviting if developed with a massive degree of versatility and performance. Would you contemplate living in this kind of a dwelling?

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Transparency in Architecture

Introduction:
Transparency in architecture refers to the use of materials that allow natural light to pass through a building, creating a sense of openness and connection between the interior and exterior spaces. This concept is becoming increasingly popular in modern architecture, as it offers several benefits such as energy efficiency, cost savings, and improved well-being for occupants. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of transparency in architecture and its impact on the built environment.

Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

**Transparency**: Transparency in architecture refers to the use of materials such as glass, polycarbonate, or clear plastic that allow natural light to pass through a building, creating a sense of openness and connection between the interior and exterior spaces.

**Energy Efficiency**: Energy efficiency refers to the practice of reducing the amount of energy used in a building, which can be achieved through the use of transparent materials that allow natural light to enter a space without the need for artificial lighting during daytime hours.

**Cost Savings**: The use of transparent materials in architecture can lead to cost savings, as it reduces the need for artificial lighting and heating or cooling systems, which can be expensive to operate.

**Well-Being**: Transparency in architecture has been linked to improved well-being for occupants, as it creates a sense of connection to nature and promotes a healthier work-life balance.

Section 2: Practical Examples

**The Edge**: Located in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, The Edge is an office building that features a transparent facade made of glass and polycarbonate panels. The building uses a smart technology system that adjusts the blinds automatically based on the position of the sun, reducing the need for artificial lighting and heating or cooling systems.

**BioMilk**: Located in Tokyo, Japan, BioMilk is a milk processing plant that features a transparent facade made of clear plastic panels. The use of transparent materials allows natural light to enter the space, reducing the need for artificial lighting and creating a sense of openness and connection between the interior and exterior spaces.

Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

**Debate 1**: Should all new buildings be designed with transparent materials to promote energy efficiency and well-being for occupants?

**Debate 2**: Is the use of transparent materials in architecture more important for commercial buildings or residential buildings? Why?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the importance of transparency in architecture cannot be overstated. By using transparent materials that allow natural light to enter a space, architects can create buildings that are energy efficient, cost-effective, and promote well-being for occupants. As we continue to explore new ways to improve the built environment, transparency will remain a key concept that architects must consider when designing new structures.


text: .. There are many ways that we will ask you to help us meet your health needs. We will need:.. You may refuse treatment at any time during your care. Your health care provider will tell you what the health-related outcomes of your refusal might be. The responsibility for the outcomes due to your decision would, of course, be yours.. As part of your care, we may want to refer you to another facility for care we do not provide, or you may want information about a referral to another service or care provider. Please ask if you need more information about your care. If you are not satisfied with your options for treatment, we will respect your wish for a second opinion.. If you have questions about your health records, we will ask your physician to discuss these with you. If you want to learn more about your care or your caregivers, please ask. Our financial advisors will answer your questions about your bill. Please take responsibility to pay your bill.

textbook:
# Lesson 1: Understanding Health Care Decisions

In this lesson, we will learn about the different ways health care providers may ask us to participate in our own care. We will also explore the importance of taking responsibility for our own health and making informed decisions about our care.

**Section 1: Introduction**

Health care is a complex and sometimes confusing topic. As patients, we often rely on our health care providers to make decisions about our care. However, it is also important for us to take an active role in our own health and understand the options available to us.

**Section 2: Understanding Your Role in Health Care**

There are many ways that we can participate in our own health care. These include:

1. Providing accurate and complete information about our medical history, including any medications we are taking, allergies, and family history of illness.

2. Following the advice of our health care providers, including taking medications as prescribed, attending scheduled appointments, and following recommended treatment plans.

3. Asking questions and seeking clarification when we do not understand something.

4. Taking responsibility for our own health by eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, getting enough sleep, and avoiding risky behaviors such as smoking or excessive alcohol consumption.

**Section 3: Making Informed Decisions About Your Care**

As patients, we have the right to make informed decisions about our care. This means understanding the potential benefits and risks of each option and choosing the one that best aligns with our goals and values.

To make informed decisions, we must:

1. Gather all relevant information about our condition, treatment options, and potential outcomes.

2. Discuss our options with our health care providers and ask questions until we fully understand the pros and cons of each choice.

3. Consider the potential risks and benefits of each option and choose the one that best aligns with our goals and values.

**Section 4: Taking Responsibility for Your Health**

Taking responsibility for our own health is an important part of being an active patient. This means:

1. Keeping up-to-date with our health status by scheduling regular check-ups and follow-up appointments.

2. Participating in our own care by following recommended treatment plans and taking medications as prescribed.

3. Staying informed about our condition and treatment options by reading reputable sources and asking questions when we do not understand something.

4. Making lifestyle changes such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, getting enough sleep, and avoiding risky behaviors.

**Section 5: Conclusion**

Understanding our role in health care and making informed decisions about our care is essential for achieving the best possible health outcomes. By taking responsibility for our own health and actively participating in our care, we can improve our overall health and well-being.

**Glossary**

- Health care provider: A person or organization that provides medical services.
- Referral: A recommendation to see another health care provider for further evaluation or treatment.
- Second opinion: A review of your medical situation by another health care provider to get a different perspective on your diagnosis or treatment plan.
- Health records: A record of your medical history, including test results, medications, and treatment plans.
- Financial advisor: A professional who helps you understand and manage your health care costs.


text:
# Translation of Odoo Server.
# This file contains the translation of the following modules:
# 	* pos_cash_rounding
#
# Translators:
# Martin Trigaux, 2020
# Jaroslav Bosansky <jaro.bosansky@ekoenergo.sk>, 2020
# Jan Prokop, 2020
# karolína schusterová <karolina.schusterova@vdp.sk>, 2020
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Odoo Server 13.0+e\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-01-15 14:05+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-03-12 07:02+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: karolína schusterová <karolina.schusterova@vdp.sk>, 2020\n"
"Language-Team: Slovak (https://www.transifex.com/odoo/teams/41243/sk/)\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: \n"
"Language: sk\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=4; plural=(n % 1 == 0 && n == 1 ? 0 : n % 1 == 0 && n >= 2 && n <= 4 ? 1 : n % 1 != 0 ? 2: 3);\n"

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model:ir.model,name:pos_cash_rounding.model_account_cash_rounding
msgid "Account Cash Rounding"
msgstr "Hotovostné zaokrúhľovanie účtu"

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model:ir.model.fields,field_description:pos_cash_rounding.field_pos_config__cash_rounding
msgid "Cash Rounding"
msgstr "Zaokrúhľovanie hotovosti"

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model_terms:ir.ui.view,arch_db:pos_cash_rounding.res_config_view_form_inherit_pos_cash_rounding
msgid "Cash Roundings"
msgstr "Zaokrúhľovania hotovosti"

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model:ir.model.fields,field_description:pos_cash_rounding.field_pos_config__rounding_method
msgid "Cash rounding"
msgstr ""

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: code:addons/pos_cash_rounding/models/pos_config.py:0
#, python-format
msgid "Cash rounding strategy must be: 'Add a rounding line'"
msgstr ""

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model_terms:ir.ui.view,arch_db:pos_cash_rounding.pos_config_view_form_inherit_cash_rounding
msgid "Define the smallest coinage of the currency used to pay"
msgstr ""

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model_terms:ir.ui.view,arch_db:pos_cash_rounding.res_config_view_form_inherit_pos_cash_rounding
msgid "Define the smallest coinage of the currency used to pay by cash"
msgstr "Definujte najmenšie razby mincí používaných pri platbe v hotovosti"

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model:ir.model.fields,field_description:pos_cash_rounding.field_account_cash_rounding__loss_account_id
msgid "Loss Account"
msgstr "Účet strát"

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model:ir.model.fields,field_description:pos_cash_rounding.field_pos_config__only_round_cash_method
msgid "Only apply rounding on cash"
msgstr ""

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model_terms:ir.ui.view,arch_db:pos_cash_rounding.res_config_view_form_inherit_pos_cash_rounding
msgid "Payments"
msgstr "Platby"

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model:ir.model,name:pos_cash_rounding.model_pos_config
msgid "Point of Sale Configuration"
msgstr "Konfigurácia miesta predaja"

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model:ir.model,name:pos_cash_rounding.model_pos_order
msgid "Point of Sale Orders"
msgstr "Objednávky miesta predaja"

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model:ir.model,name:pos_cash_rounding.model_pos_session
msgid "Point of Sale Session"
msgstr "Relácia miesta predaja"

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model_terms:ir.ui.view,arch_db:pos_cash_rounding.pos_rounding_form_view_inherited
msgid "Profit Account"
msgstr "Účet zisku"

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#. openerp-web
#: code:addons/pos_cash_rounding/static/src/xml/pos.xml:0
#, python-format
msgid "ROUNDED"
msgstr ""

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model_terms:ir.ui.view,arch_db:pos_cash_rounding.pos_config_view_form_inherit_cash_rounding
msgid "Rounding Method"
msgstr "Metóda zaokrúhlenia"

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model_terms:ir.ui.view,arch_db:pos_cash_rounding.pos_rounding_form_view_inherited
msgid ""
"The Point of Sale only support the \"add a rounding line\" rounding "
"strategy."
msgstr ""

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: model_terms:ir.ui.view,arch_db:pos_cash_rounding.pos_order_view_form_inherit_cash_rounding
msgid "Total Paid (with rounding)"
msgstr ""

#. module: pos_cash_rounding
#: code:addons/pos_cash_rounding/models/account_cash_rounding.py:0
#, python-format
msgid ""
"You are not allowed to change the cash rounding configuration while a pos "
"session using it is already opened."
msgstr ""

textbook:
# Lesson: Account Cash Rounding
## Overview
Account cash rounding is a process where the amount of cash in hand is rounded off to the nearest whole number. This is done to simplify the accounting process and to avoid small discrepancies in the records. In this lesson, we will learn about the concept of account cash rounding, its importance, and how it can be implemented in various scenarios.
## I. Introduction to Account Cash Rounding
### A. What is Account Cash Rounding?
Account cash rounding is the process of adjusting the amount of cash in hand to the nearest whole number. This is done to simplify the accounting process and to avoid small discrepancies in the records.
### B. Importance of Account Cash Rounding
The importance of account cash rounding lies in its ability to simplify the accounting process and to avoid small discrepancies in the records. It also helps in reducing the time and effort required to maintain accurate records.
## II. Implementation of Account Cash Rounding
### A. Step-by-Step Guide
1. Identify the cash amounts that need to be rounded off.
2. Determine the rounding increment (i.e., the amount by which the cash amount will be adjusted).
3. Round off the cash amount to the nearest whole number.
4. Update the accounting records accordingly.
### B. Real-World Scenarios
1. Retail stores: In retail stores, account cash rounding is used to simplify the process of handling cash transactions. For instance, if a customer pays with a $10 bill, the change due will be rounded off to the nearest whole number.
2. Banking institutions: In banking institutions, account cash rounding is used to simplify the process of counting cash. For instance, if a bank teller has to count a large sum of cash, they may round off the amount to the nearest whole number to save time and effort.
3. Small businesses: In small businesses, account cash rounding is used to simplify the process of handling cash transactions. For instance, if a customer pays with a $20 bill, the change due will be rounded off to the nearest whole number.
## III. Conclusion
In conclusion, account cash rounding is an important process that helps in simplifying the accounting process and avoiding small discrepancies in the records. By implementing account cash rounding in various scenarios, businesses can save time and effort while maintaining accurate records.
## Glossary
- **Cash**: Money in the form of currency notes or coins.
- **Rounding**: Adjusting a number to the nearest whole number.
- **Accounting**: The process of recording, summarizing, and analyzing financial transactions.
### HW
1. Identify a scenario where account cash rounding can be implemented.
2. Explain the importance of account cash rounding in that scenario.
3. Create a step-by-step guide on how to implement account cash rounding in that scenario.
### Answer Key
1. Retail stores: In retail stores, account cash rounding is used to simplify the process of handling cash transactions. For instance, if a customer pays with a $10 bill, the change due will be rounded off to the nearest whole number.
2. The importance of account cash rounding in this scenario is that it helps in simplifying the accounting process and avoiding small discrepancies in the records. It also helps in reducing the time and effort required to maintain accurate records.
3. Step-by-step guide:
1. Identify the cash amounts that need to be rounded off.
2. Determine the rounding increment (i.e., the amount by which the cash amount will be adjusted).
3. Round off the cash amount to the nearest whole number.
4. Update the accounting records accordingly.


text:
Spivak’s solidarity letter for SsangYong workers in Korea

SsangYong is the fourth largest South Korea-based automobile manufacturer. A 70% share of SsangYong was acquired by Indian Mahindra & Mahindra in February 2011. On December 13, two workers who were laid off in 2009 “embarked on an aerial protest 70m up a chimney at the automaker’s factory” (The Hankyoreh, December 13, 2014).

Here’s the text of Spivak’s letter in support of SsangYong workers:

I write in support of the 153 workers who are putting their lives on the line to protest their layoff by Ssang Yong Motor Company. Whatever the letter of the law, the spirit of the law clearly shows us that there can be no equitable comparison between a company’s loss and the devastation suffered by a worker when he or she is laid off. It is not just the destruction of a life but it is also the destruction of the future of children. It is not surprising that there have been suicides among the laid off workers. I urge Mahindra and Mahindra to be true to their corporate social responsibility and welcome the workers back into their factory.

The Global Agenda Council on Values of the World Economic Forum has urged the adoption of a new Social Covenant. It begins with an exhortation to agree on “basic, universal ethical values;” and yet we are unable to imagine the unequal balance between our profit and loss and the life and death of factory workers.

I hope we will hear good news from the Ssang Yong Motor Company soon and the workers will come back to work.

Hoping for the best,

Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak
Padma Bhushan
University Professor in the Humanities
Columbia University

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding the Spirit of the Law

Introduction:
The spirit of the law refers to the underlying intent or purpose of a legal principle. In this lesson, we will explore what the spirit of the law means and how it relates to real-world scenarios. We will also learn about the importance of critical thinking and how it can help us understand complex issues better.

Section 1: What is the Spirit of the Law?

Topic 1: Definition
- The spirit of the law refers to the underlying intent or purpose of a legal principle.

Topic 2: Examples
- If a law is intended to protect consumers from dangerous products, the spirit of the law would be to ensure that all products are safe for use.

Topic 3: Importance
- Understanding the spirit of the law helps us to interpret legal principles correctly and apply them in real-world situations.

Section 2: Real-World Scenarios

Topic 1: Labor Laws
- The spirit of labor laws is to protect the rights and welfare of workers.
- However, in some cases, companies may try to exploit loopholes in the law to avoid providing workers with fair wages and benefits.

Topic 2: Environmental Laws
- The spirit of environmental laws is to protect the environment and natural resources.
- However, some companies may try to pollute the environment or degrade natural resources to increase their profits.

Section 3: Critical Thinking

Topic 1: Importance
- Critical thinking helps us to analyze complex issues and make informed decisions.
- It involves questioning assumptions, evaluating evidence, and considering different perspectives.

Topic 2: Examples
- Suppose you read an article about a company that claims to be environmentally friendly. You could use critical thinking to question whether the company's actions match their claims.

Topic 3: Skills
- To develop critical thinking skills, you can practice analyzing information, identifying biases, and considering multiple perspectives.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the spirit of the law and how it relates to real-world scenarios. We also explored the importance of critical thinking and how it can help us understand complex issues better. By applying these concepts, we can make informed decisions and work towards a more just society.

Glossary:
- Spirit of the Law: The underlying intent or purpose of a legal principle.
- Critical Thinking: The process of analyzing information, evaluating evidence, and considering multiple perspectives to make informed decisions.


text: WASHINGTON - Leading House Democrats will introduce a bill tomorrow to take America in a new direction to achieve energy independence. The Program for Real Energy Security, or "PROGRESS" Act, will initiate a major national effort to make substantial gains in technology, conservation and vehicle efficiency, and the use of alternative fuels to advance America's national, energy and environmental security.. House Democratic Whip Steny, and Rep. Earl Blumenauer, member of the House Transportation Committee and Task Force on Livable Communities, will introduce the bill.. The PROGRESS Act complements other House Democratic efforts on energy independence, including the Innovation Agenda and the Energizing America, BIOFUELS Act.. RELATED INFORMATION:. Congress Finally Ready to Make Serious Move on Alternative Fuel Strategy

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Alternative Fuels

**Overview:** In this lesson, we will learn about alternative fuels and their role in achieving energy independence. We will explore the benefits and challenges of using alternative fuels, and discuss how they can help reduce our reliance on traditional fossil fuels.

**Section 1: What are Alternative Fuels?**

Alternative fuels are any fuel or energy source that is not derived from petroleum-based products. These fuels can come from a variety of sources, including biofuels, hydrogen, electricity, and natural gas. They are considered an alternative to traditional fossil fuels because they can help reduce our dependence on oil and other non-renewable resources.

**Section 2: Why Use Alternative Fuels?**

There are several reasons why using alternative fuels is beneficial. First, they can help reduce our dependence on foreign oil, which can be subject to price fluctuations and supply disruptions. Second, alternative fuels can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and other air pollutants, which can improve air quality and combat climate change. Finally, alternative fuels can create new jobs and stimulate economic growth in the clean energy sector.

**Section 3: Challenges of Using Alternative Fuels**

While there are many benefits to using alternative fuels, there are also some challenges that need to be addressed. For example, some alternative fuels, such as biofuels, require a significant amount of land and water resources to produce. Additionally, the infrastructure for distributing and using alternative fuels may need to be upgraded or built from scratch. Finally, alternative fuels may be more expensive than traditional fossil fuels, which could make them less attractive to consumers.

**Section 4: Examples of Alternative Fuels**

There are several types of alternative fuels that are being used or researched today. These include:

- Biofuels: These fuels are made from plant-based materials, such as corn, sugarcane, or switchgrass. They can be used in place of gasoline or diesel fuel in vehicles.
- Hydrogen: This fuel can be produced from water using electricity from renewable sources, such as solar or wind power. It can be used in fuel cells to power vehicles or generate electricity.
- Electricity: Electricity can be generated from a variety of renewable sources, such as solar, wind, or hydroelectric power. It can be used to power electric vehicles or charge batteries.
- Natural Gas: This fuel is made up of methane and other hydrocarbons. It can be used in place of gasoline or diesel fuel in vehicles, or to generate electricity.

**Section 5: Conclusion**

In conclusion, alternative fuels offer a promising solution to reducing our dependence on fossil fuels and combating climate change. By investing in research and development, improving infrastructure, and creating incentives for consumers to adopt alternative fuels, we can create a cleaner, more sustainable future.


text: Brandsdal of Norway. Category: Branding & Identity. Date: May 2012. Client: Brandsdal of Norway. Brandsdal of Norway is a sport clothing brand consists of several series casual wear for both him and her. Clothing is manufactured from durable quality materials with the Norwegian climate and the seasons in mind. I’ve designed the new visual identity for them, where the clients approach was to focus on Norwegian sea and nature. I used the lighthouse as a reference to created the logo and tags/patches.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Design a Brand Identity

Introduction:
A brand identity is the visual representation of a brand. It includes the logo, color scheme, typography, and other design elements that distinguish a brand from its competitors. In this lesson, we will learn about the process of designing a brand identity for a sports clothing brand called Brandsdal of Norway.

Section 1: Understanding the Brand

The first step in designing a brand identity is to understand the brand's values, target audience, and personality. For Brandsdal of Norway, the values are durability, quality, and a focus on the Norwegian climate and seasons. The target audience is outdoor enthusiasts who enjoy hiking, skiing, and other outdoor activities. The personality of the brand is adventurous, rugged, and authentic.

Section 2: Research and Analysis

Before starting the design process, it's essential to research and analyze the brand's competitors, industry, and market trends. This will help us identify unique design elements that will differentiate Brandsdal of Norway from its competitors. We can also analyze the design elements of similar brands to avoid common mistakes and create a more effective brand identity.

Section 3: Design Concept

Based on our understanding of the brand and our research, we can now develop a design concept. For Brandsdal of Norway, we can use the lighthouse as a reference to represent the brand's focus on navigating through challenging conditions. The lighthouse symbolizes guidance, safety, and resilience, which aligns with the brand's values of durability and quality.

Section 4: Design Execution

Now that we have a design concept, we can start executing it. We will create a logo that incorporates the lighthouse symbol and use a bold, sans-serif font to convey a modern and adventurous vibe. We will also choose a color scheme that reflects the brand's Norwegian roots, such as blue, green, and white. Finally, we will create tags/patches that feature the logo and can be placed on clothing items.

Section 5: Testing and Refining

Once we have executed the design, we need to test it and refine it based on feedback. We can show the design to potential customers and gather their opinions. We can also conduct surveys to determine which design elements resonate the most with the target audience. Based on the feedback, we can make necessary adjustments to improve the brand identity.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, designing a brand identity requires a deep understanding of the brand, research, analysis, creativity, and testing. By following these steps, we can create a brand identity that accurately represents the brand and resonates with its target audience. The skills learned in this lesson can be applied to other areas of design, such as web design, packaging design, and advertising.


text: Cornelius Grove: The Drive to Learn. Cornelius N. Grove, Ed.D., author of The Drive to Learn, discusses what his research shows East Asian culture does differently to encourage children to attain academic excellence.. American students have been scoring more and more poorly on international tests, especially compared to children in East Asian. Cornelius N. Grove, Ed.D., an independent researcher and author of The Drive to Learn, What the East Asian Experience Tells Us about Raising Students Who Excel explains that parenting style and a culture that highlights failure over self-esteem contributes to Asian students' high scores. Grove discusses way American parents can adopt the habits of East Asian parents and help their children attain the same level of excellence in school.

textbook:
Lesson 1: The Importance of Academic Excellence

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will explore the importance of academic excellence and what we can learn from East Asian culture about achieving it. We will discuss the benefits of striving for excellence and how it can lead to success in various areas of life.

Section 1: The Drive to Learn
- What is the drive to learn?
- Why is it important?
- How does East Asian culture encourage children to attain academic excellence?

Section 2: The Benefits of Academic Excellence
- What are the benefits of striving for academic excellence?
- How can it lead to success in various areas of life?
- What are some examples of successful people who achieved academic excellence?

Section 3: Adopting East Asian Parenting Habits
- What can American parents learn from East Asian parents?
- How can they help their children attain the same level of excellence in school?
- What are some specific habits that East Asian parents implement?

Conclusion:
- Recap of the lesson
- Encouragement to strive for academic excellence
- Application of skills gained from this topic to new problems

Glossary:
- Drive to Learn: A natural desire to learn and excel in academics
- Academic Excellence: The pursuit of high achievement in scholastic activities
- East Asian Culture: A collective term referring to the cultures of China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and other countries in Asia
- Self-Esteem: Confidence in one's abilities and worth

Lesson 2: The Role of Failure in Achieving Excellence

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will explore the role of failure in achieving academic excellence and how East Asian culture approaches it differently than Western culture. We will discuss the importance of embracing failure as a learning opportunity and how it can lead to growth and success.

Section 1: The East Asian Approach to Failure
- How does East Asian culture approach failure?
- What is the significance of failure in achieving academic excellence?
- How does this approach differ from Western culture?

Section 2: Embracing Failure as a Learning Opportunity
- Why is it important to embrace failure?
- How can it lead to growth and success?
- What are some examples of successful people who embraced failure?

Section 3: Implementing East Asian Strategies
- What can American parents learn from East Asian parents about embracing failure?
- How can they help their children embrace failure as a learning opportunity?
- What are some specific strategies that East Asian parents implement?

Conclusion:
- Recap of the lesson
- Encouragement to embrace failure as a learning opportunity
- Application of skills gained from this topic to new problems

Glossary:
- Failure: The state or condition of not meeting a desired objective
- Growth Mindset: The belief that intelligence and abilities can be developed through effort and perseverance
- Success: The accomplishment of an aim or purpose

Lesson 3: The Importance of Parental Involvement

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will explore the importance of parental involvement in a child's education and how East Asian culture prioritizes it. We will discuss the benefits of parental involvement and how it can lead to academic excellence.

Section 1: The East Asian Approach to Parental Involvement
- How does East Asian culture prioritize parental involvement in a child's education?
- What are the benefits of parental involvement?
- How does this approach differ from Western culture?

Section 2: The Benefits of Parental Involvement
- What are the benefits of parental involvement in a child's education?
- How can it lead to academic excellence?
- What are some examples of successful people who had involved parents in their education?

Section 3: Implementing East Asian Strategies
- What can American parents learn from East Asian parents about parental involvement?
- How can they become more involved in their child's education?
- What are some specific strategies that East Asian parents implement?

Conclusion:
- Recap of the lesson
- Encouragement to prioritize parental involvement in a child's education
- Application of skills gained from this topic to new problems

Glossary:
- Parental Involvement: The participation of parents in their child's education
- Academic Excellence: The pursuit of high achievement in scholastic activities
- Western Culture: A term used to describe the culture of Europe and their descendants, including the United States and other countries that share similar cultural characteristics.


text: The topic for Engage ICT: Democracy on Tap on August 13, 2019, was the Riverfront Legacy Master Plan. Wichita community organizations are developing a comprehensive vision and master plan for future development on the east bank of the Arkansas River, with a focus on the area south of Douglas Avenue to Kellogg and east to Main Street. We discussed what a Riverfront Legacy Master Plan could mean for surrounding communities and Wichita's future generations, and how community members can share their input.. Panelists:. - Nadya Faulx, KMUW digital news editor and reporter. - Darryl Kelly, W (formerly Young Professionals of Wichita). - Michael Monteferrante, Wichita Regional Chamber of Commerce. - Shelly Prichard, Wichita Community Foundation. Here's the video that aired on Facebook Live:

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Democracy and its Importance

### Section 1: What is Democracy?
Democracy is a form of government where power is held by the people, either directly or through elected representatives. It is based on the principles of freedom, equality, and justice. In a democratic society, citizens have the right to participate in the decision-making process that affects their lives.

### Section 2: Why is Democracy Important?
Democracy is important because it provides an opportunity for citizens to have their voices heard and to influence the direction of their government. It also promotes the protection of individual rights and freedoms, as well as the fair and equal treatment of all citizens. Democracy encourages transparency, accountability, and the peaceful resolution of conflicts.

### Section 3: Examples of Democracy in Action
One example of democracy in action is the United States presidential election. Citizens have the right to vote for their preferred candidate, and the candidate with the most votes wins the election. Another example is the British Parliament, where members of parliament are elected by the people to represent their interests in the government.

### Conclusion:
Democracy is a crucial component of any healthy society. It provides a platform for citizens to have their voices heard and to participate in the decision-making process that affects their lives. By understanding the importance of democracy and how it works in practice, we can better appreciate its value and work towards maintaining a just and equitable society.

### Glossary:
- Democracy: A form of government where power is held by the people, either directly or through elected representatives.
- Freedom: The state of being free from oppression, coercion, or constraint.
- Equality: The state of being equal, especially in the context of social status or rights.
- Justice: The quality of being fair and reasonable.


text: Scottsdale, AZ -- (ReleaseWire) -- 05/01/2014 -- In honor of Mother’s Day, Hamra Jewelers will be hosting a special David Yurman event on Saturday, May 10 from 11 am to 5 pm. The David Yurman: Unlock Your Chances event is an opportunity for one lucky individual to win a luxurious piece of David Yurman jewelry. In order to be eligible for the prize, customers must first purchase something from the David Yurman jewelry line. They are then given a key, one of which opens a special vitrine holding the winning piece of jewelry. David Yurman representatives will also be on hand to give style advice and dress customers in jewelry to match their personal style and flair.. Stop by on May 10 to unlock your chances, only at Hamra Jewelers.. Event Details:. Saturday, May 10. 11am to 5pm. Hamra Jewelers. 15435 N Scottsdale Rd. Scottsdale, AZ 85254. (480) 946-5110

textbook:
Lesson: How to Write a Press Release

Introduction:
A press release is a written statement that announces news or events. It is typically used by businesses, organizations, or individuals to share information with the public. In this lesson, we will learn how to write a press release by analyzing a sample press release.

Core Value:
The core value of writing a press release is to effectively communicate information to the public.

Lesson Outline:
I. Introduction
   A. What is a press release?
   B. Purpose of a press release
II. Analyzing a Sample Press Release
   A. Headline
   B. Location and Date
   C. Body of the Press Release
     1. Introduction
     2. Event Details
     3. Conclusion
III. Writing a Press Release
   A. Headline
   B. Location and Date
   C. Body of the Press Release
     1. Introduction
     2. Event Details
     3. Conclusion
IV. Tips for Writing a Press Release
   A. Use active voice
   B. Keep it brief
   C. Use quotes to add interest
V. Conclusion
   A. Summary of key points
   B. Importance of press releases
   C. How to apply skills gained to new problems
Glossary:
Press Release - A written statement that announces news or events
Location - The city and state where the event is taking place
Date - The specific day and time of the event
Body - The main part of the press release
Introduction - The first paragraph that introduces the press release
Event Details - The specifics of the event
Conclusion - The last paragraph that summarizes the press release
Active Voice - Using verbs to convey action
Quotes - Words spoken by someone else that are used in a press release to add interest

Self-Debate Discussion:
Why is it important to use active voice in a press release? How does it affect the reader's understanding of the information being presented?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, writing a press release is an effective way to communicate information to the public. By following the tips provided in this lesson, you can create a clear and concise press release that will effectively reach your audience. Remember to always use active voice, keep it brief, and use quotes to add interest. With these skills, you can apply them to new problems and effectively communicate information to others.


text: . 5.7-Liter Hemi V8. For over 30 years, Chrysler didn’t produce a Hemi engine or anything like the original concept. The company produced a lot of interesting, powerful engines, but nothing with hemispherical combustion chambers. Although the Hemi was absent from the market after 1971, the popularity was bigger than ever. That was especially due to classic muscle cars becoming popular and highly sought-after collectibles.. That is why Chrysler decided to revive the Hemi engine, although in modern form with modern construction techniques and materials. In 2003, they installed the first modern Hemis in the Dodge Ram. It featured 5.7-liter displacement and 345 HP.. The basic construction with two valves per cylinder and the push-rod design stayed true to the original concept from 1951. You can find the modern 5.7 Hemi in numerous Chrysler, Dodge and Jeep models up until 2009 when it received its first makeover.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding the Hemi Engine

Introduction:
The Hemi engine is a type of internal combustion engine that has become iconic in the automotive industry. It was first introduced by Chrysler in 1951 and was used in many classic muscle cars. However, the production of Hemi engines stopped in 1971. In this lesson, we will learn about the history of the Hemi engine, its construction, and how it works.

Section 1: History of the Hemi Engine

The Hemi engine got its name from its unique construction. Instead of having a flat piston head, the Hemi engine had a dome-shaped piston head that resembled half of a grapefruit. This construction allowed for larger intake and exhaust valves, which improved the flow of air and fuel into the engine.

In 1951, Chrysler introduced the Hemi engine in their new car, the Chrysler 300. It became an instant hit and was used in many other Chrysler cars, including the Imperial, DeSoto, and Dodge. However, in 1971, Chrysler stopped producing Hemi engines due to stricter emission standards.

For over 30 years, Chrysler didn't produce a Hemi engine or anything like the original concept. They produced a lot of interesting, powerful engines, but nothing with hemispherical combustion chambers. However, the popularity of the Hemi engine continued to grow, especially among classic muscle car enthusiasts.

Section 2: Construction of the Hemi Engine

The Hemi engine has a unique construction that sets it apart from other engines. Instead of having a flat piston head, the Hemi engine has a dome-shaped piston head that is shaped like half of a sphere. This construction allows for larger intake and exhaust valves, which improves the flow of air and fuel into the engine.

The Hemi engine also has two valves per cylinder, one for intake and one for exhaust. The valves are operated by pushrods that are connected to the camshaft. This design allows for a simpler and more reliable engine.

Section 3: How the Hemi Engine Works

The Hemi engine works like any other internal combustion engine. Fuel and air are mixed together and then ignited by the spark plugs. This causes a small explosion that pushes the pistons down, creating power.

However, the Hemi engine's unique construction allows for better air and fuel flow into the engine. The larger intake and exhaust valves improve the flow of air and fuel, which makes the engine more powerful and efficient.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the history of the Hemi engine, its unique construction, and how it works. The Hemi engine is a classic example of American ingenuity and has become an icon in the automotive industry. By understanding the history and construction of the Hemi engine, we can appreciate its impact on the world of cars and how it has evolved over time.

Glossary:
- Hemi engine: A type of internal combustion engine that has a dome-shaped piston head, allowing for larger intake and exhaust valves.
- Combustion chamber: The space in an engine where the air-fuel mixture is ignited, creating power.
- Pushrods: A rod that connects the camshaft to the valves, operating them.
- Camshaft: A shaft that controls the opening and closing of the valves.


text: It's time to let your freek flag fly — strike fear into your opponents when you step onto the mat wearing the Nike Freek wrestling shoes. Lightweight and durable, the Nike Freek features a breathable mesh and split suede upper that hugs your foot for a comfortable, distraction-free fit and the versatility you need to stay quick on your feet.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Nike Freek Wrestling Shoes
## Section 1: What are Nike Freek Wrestling Shoes?
Nike Freek wrestling shoes are a type of athletic footwear designed specifically for wrestlers. They are lightweight, durable, and feature a breathable mesh and split suede upper that provides a comfortable and secure fit.
## Section 2: Why are Nike Freek Wrestling Shoes important?
Nike Freek wrestling shoes are important because they provide the necessary support and traction needed for wrestling. They help prevent injuries by providing a stable base for the foot and ankle, while also allowing for quick movements and agile footwork. Additionally, the shoes are designed to be lightweight, which helps reduce fatigue and increase speed on the mat.
## Section 3: How do Nike Freek Wrestling Shoes work?
Nike Freek wrestling shoes work by providing a combination of support, traction, and flexibility. The breathable mesh and split suede upper allows for air circulation and a snug fit around the foot, while the rubber outsole provides grip and stability. The shoe also features a unique lacing system that helps secure the foot in place and prevent it from slipping during competition.
## Section 4: Examples of Nike Freek Wrestling Shoes in action
Nike Freek wrestling shoes have been used by many successful wrestlers, including Olympic gold medalist Jordan Burroughs. In addition to providing support and traction, these shoes have also helped him achieve quickness and agility on the mat.
## Glossary
- Mesh: A type of fabric that is made from thin strands of material woven together to create a lightweight and breathable material.
- Suede: A type of leather that is smooth and soft, often used in clothing and footwear.
- Rubber: A synthetic material that is used for its elastic properties, often used in outsoles of shoes.
## Conclusion
Nike Freek wrestling shoes are an essential piece of equipment for any wrestler. They provide support, traction, and flexibility, while also being lightweight and durable. By understanding the importance of these shoes and how they work, wrestlers can make informed decisions when choosing the right footwear for their needs.