text: The Marcus Shelby Quartet: Harriet Tubman and the Blues. Shelby will tell the remarkable story of Harriet Tubman, a woman who rose out of humble beginnings, escaped slavery and dedicated her life to challenging the grave injustices in her day. Throughout her life, she worked to unite American women and men of all colors and classes in a common struggle for liberty.. "Harriet Tubman is a multilevel achievement and a landmark superior to Blood on the Fields. Where is Shelby's Pulitzer?". -Michael J. West, JazzTimes. Date. April 14, 2014 - 8:00pm. Location Address. 5200 North Lake Rd.. Merced, CA 95343United States. Event Contact. Address. 5200 North Lake Rd.. Merced, CA 95343United States

textbook:
Lesson Title: Harriet Tubman and the Blues

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the life of Harriet Tubman, a remarkable woman who dedicated her life to challenging the grave injustices in her day. We will also explore how her story has been told through music, specifically through the Marcus Shelby Quartet's album "Harriet Tubman and the Blues."

Section 1: Who was Harriet Tubman?

**Question:** Who was Harriet Tubman and what did she do?

**Answer:** Harriet Tubman was an African American woman who rose out of humble beginnings and escaped slavery. She later dedicated her life to challenging the grave injustices in her day. She worked to unite American women and men of all colors and classes in a common struggle for liberty.

**Definition:** What does it mean to be "humble"?

**Answer:** To be "humble" means to have a modest or low estimate of one's importance. It means not being arrogant or boastful, but rather having a realistic understanding of one's strengths and weaknesses.

**Example:** How did Harriet Tubman challenge the injustices of her day?

**Answer:** Harriet Tubman challenged the injustices of her day by helping to free over 70 slaves through the Underground Railroad. She also worked as a spy for the Union Army during the Civil War and helped to recruit black soldiers. She was a strong advocate for civil rights and women's suffrage.

Section 2: The Marcus Shelby Quartet's Album

**Question:** How did the Marcus Shelby Quartet tell Harriet Tubman's story through music?

**Answer:** The Marcus Shelby Quartet's album "Harriet Tubman and the Blues" tells Harriet Tubman's story through a combination of jazz and blues music. The album features original compositions that explore themes such as freedom, resistance, and perseverance.

**Definition:** What is jazz music?

**Answer:** Jazz music is a genre of music that originated in the African American communities of New Orleans in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is characterized by improvisation, swing, and the use of various instruments such as saxophone, trumpet, and piano.

**Example:** Can you give an example of a song from the album that explores themes of freedom and resistance?

**Answer:** One example is the song "Wade in the Water," which is a traditional spiritual that has been reimagined by the Marcus Shelby Quartet. The song is about the Underground Railroad and encourages runaway slaves to follow the North Star to freedom.

Section 3: Critical Thinking

**Debate:** Was Harriet Tubman successful in her fight against slavery and injustice? Why or why not?

**Argument 1:** Yes, Harriet Tubman was successful because she helped free over 70 slaves through the Underground Railroad and worked as a spy for the Union Army during the Civil War.

**Argument 2:** No, Harriet Tubman was not successful because slavery still existed and the Civil War ended with the South losing.

**Conclusion:** While it is true that slavery still existed and the South lost the Civil War, it is important to remember that Harriet Tubman's work was part of a larger movement to end slavery and promote civil rights. Her legacy continues to inspire people today.

Glossary:
- Humble: having a modest or low estimate of one's importance
- Injustice: a wrong or unfair act
- Underground Railroad: a network of secret routes and safe houses used by slaves to escape to freedom
- Civil Rights: the rights to equal treatment and opportunity, regardless of race, gender, or other characteristics
- Spy: a person who gathers information about an enemy or competitor
- Recruit: to enlist or persuade someone to join a group or cause
- Legacy: something that is passed down from one generation to the next

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the life of Harriet Tubman and how her story has been told through music. We also engaged in critical thinking by debating whether she was successful in her fight against slavery and injustice. By understanding the concepts and ideas presented in this lesson, we can apply them to our own lives and work towards creating a more just and equitable world.


text:
Eosinophil counts and plasma fibrinogen in patients with vasospastic angina pectoris.
Epidemiologic studies have suggested a relation between white blood cell (WBC) counts and the incidence of coronary heart disease. However, the relation between vasospastic angina pectoris (VAP) and WBC counts remains to be elucidated. To clarify the relation between differential and WBC counts in VAP, we compared the hematologic values, blood chemical values, plasma fibrinogen levels, C-reactive protein levels, and coronary risk factors in patients with spontaneous attacks of VAP (n = 39) with those in patients with stable effort angina pectoris (EAP, n = 35) and in control subjects (n = 19). Patients with VAP were further divided into mild VAP (n = 22) and severe VAP groups (n = 17). There were no differences in the coronary risk factors, body temperature, total WBC counts, and C-reactive protein levels among the control, EAP, mild VAP, and severe VAP groups, except that the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the EAP group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p <0.01). In contrast, the eosinophil counts were significantly higher in the severe VAP group than in the other 3 groups (p <0.01). Plasma fibrinogen levels were also significantly higher in the severe VAP group than in the other 3 groups (p <0.05). The follow-up study for differential and WBC counts in patients with VAP (n = 23) demonstrated that, after medical therapy, the eosinophil counts were significantly decreased to the some level as those in the control group (p <0.0001). Thus, the eosinophil counts and plasma fibrinogen levels could predict the severity of VAP. Furthermore, a follow-up study in patients with VAP suggests that coronary vasospasm could result in an increase in eosinophil counts.

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Hematologic Values and their Relation to Coronary Heart Disease

Introduction:
Hematologic values refer to the numbers of cells in the blood, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. These values are important in understanding the health of an individual and their risk for certain diseases, including coronary heart disease. In this lesson, we will learn about hematologic values and their relation to coronary heart disease, with a focus on eosinophil counts and plasma fibrinogen.

Section 1: Understanding Hematologic Values
- Hematologic values include red blood cell count, white blood cell count, and platelet count.
- These values can provide information about the overall health of an individual and their risk for certain diseases.
- High or low values may indicate an underlying condition or disease.

Section 2: Eosinophil Counts and Coronary Heart Disease
- Epidemiological studies have suggested a relation between eosinophil counts and the incidence of coronary heart disease.
- However, the relation between vasospastic angina pectoris (VAP) and eosinophil counts remains unclear.
- To clarify this relation, researchers compared hematologic values in patients with spontaneous attacks of VAP (n=39) with those in patients with stable effort angina pectoris (EAP, n=35) and control subjects (n=19).

Section 3: Plasma Fibrinogen and Coronary Heart Disease
- Plasma fibrinogen is a protein in the blood that plays a role in blood clotting.
- High levels of plasma fibrinogen have been linked to an increased risk of coronary heart disease.
- In the study mentioned above, researchers found that patients with VAP had higher plasma fibrinogen levels than those with EAP or control subjects.

Section 4: Conclusion
- Understanding hematologic values can provide important information about an individual's overall health and risk for certain diseases, including coronary heart disease.
- In this lesson, we learned about eosinophil counts and plasma fibrinogen, two hematologic values that have been linked to coronary heart disease.
- Future research should continue to explore the relation between hematologic values and coronary heart disease, as well as other diseases and conditions.

Glossary:
- Hematologic values: Blood tests that measure the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in the blood.
- Eosinophil: A type of white blood cell involved in immune responses and inflammation.
- Plasma fibrinogen: A protein in the blood that helps blood clot.
- Coronary heart disease: A condition in which plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle.

Self-Debate:
- How might understanding hematologic values and their relation to coronary heart disease impact the treatment and prevention of this condition?
- What other hematologic values or factors might be important in understanding the risk for coronary heart disease?
- How might the results of this study be applied in clinical practice to improve patient care and outcomes?


text: Asos has migrated from a monolithic, on-premises e-commerce system to running on Microsoft Azure. Shoptalk Europe will focus on digitalising physical stores, e-commerce trends and much more. New research from Omnico highlights the need for retailers to reinvent the customer experience. CEE-based firm will provide Live Assist for Dynamics 365 to customers. Microsoft's Luke Shave and Flintfox's Steve Peppler explain the benefits of real-time pricing visibility. New merchandise management software is hosted on the Microsoft Azure cloud. Microsoft's Luke Shave and David McClellan from Neal Analytics provide insight on inventory optimisation. Guttering and roofing company LeafGuard has partnered with eBECS to get more from Dynamics AX. Avanade's Marcos Suárez outlines what is important in the era of the connected customer. Costa Coffee has turned to SQL Perform to streamline its systems and improve efficiency

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Cloud Computing and its Applications in Retail Industry

### Section 1: What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud computing is a technology that allows users to access and store data, applications, and services over the internet, instead of on their own computer or server. This means that users can access these resources from anywhere with an internet connection, making it easier to share information and collaborate with others.

### Section 2: Why is Cloud Computing Important in Retail Industry?
In the retail industry, cloud computing is becoming increasingly important as it allows retailers to store and manage large amounts of data, such as customer information, inventory, and sales data, in a centralized location. This makes it easier for retailers to analyze this data and make informed decisions about pricing, inventory management, and marketing strategies. Additionally, cloud computing enables retailers to offer their customers a seamless shopping experience across multiple channels, including online, mobile, and in-store.

### Section 3: Examples of Cloud Computing Applications in Retail Industry
There are several examples of cloud computing applications in the retail industry, including:

1. Online Shopping: Many retailers now offer online shopping experiences that allow customers to browse and purchase products from the comfort of their own homes. This is made possible by cloud computing, which enables retailers to store and manage their product inventory and customer information in a centralized location.

2. Mobile Payments: With the rise of mobile devices, many retailers are now offering mobile payment options that allow customers to pay for their purchases using their smartphones. This is made possible by cloud computing, which enables retailers to securely process payments and manage transaction data in a centralized location.

3. Inventory Management: Cloud computing enables retailers to manage their inventory levels and track their products in real-time. This allows them to quickly respond to changes in demand and ensure that they always have the products that their customers want in stock.

4. Customer Relationship Management (CRM): Cloud computing enables retailers to manage their customer relationships and store customer data in a centralized location. This allows them to analyze customer behavior and preferences and develop targeted marketing campaigns that resonate with their customers.

### Section 4: Conclusion
In conclusion, cloud computing is becoming increasingly important in the retail industry as it allows retailers to store and manage large amounts of data in a centralized location, enabling them to make informed decisions and offer a seamless shopping experience to their customers. By leveraging cloud computing technologies, retailers can stay competitive and meet the changing needs of their customers.


text: "Scientific Management" Circa 1910. The methods of motivating workers have changed dramatically since 1910 when Frederick Winslow Taylor advocated the following approach.... Read the full story here: F.W. Taylor, Scientific Management to-morrow.". Read the full story here: F.W. Taylor, Scientific Management. 5 Comments:. I: vex3game.com. What about you?. I haven’t any word to appreciate this post.....Really i am impressed from this post....the person who create this post it was a great human..thanks for shared this with us.. Happyroom2.com Tosstheturtle.net Catmariogame.com. Visit here : best essay writing service. green farm 3 mod apk bully anniversary edition mod apk mx player pro apk

textbook:
Lesson Title: Scientific Management and Motivation

Introduction:
In the early 1900s, Frederick Winslow Taylor introduced the concept of Scientific Management, which aimed to improve efficiency and productivity in the workplace. One of the key aspects of Scientific Management was motivating workers to perform their tasks effectively. In this lesson, we will explore the principles of Scientific Management and how they relate to worker motivation.

Section 1: Understanding Scientific Management

Theory: Scientific Management is a management approach that focuses on optimizing work processes to increase efficiency and productivity. It involves breaking down tasks into smaller parts, studying each part, and finding the most efficient way to perform it.

Principles:
1. Workers should be given clear instructions on what to do and how to do it.
2. Workers should be trained to perform their tasks efficiently.
3. Workers should be given incentives to motivate them to work harder and more efficiently.
4. The workplace should be organized to minimize waste and maximize productivity.

Questions:
1. How does Scientific Management differ from traditional management approaches?
2. Why is it important to break down tasks into smaller parts when optimizing work processes?
3. What are some examples of incentives that can motivate workers?

Section 2: Motivation and Scientific Management

Theory: Motivation is an essential aspect of Scientific Management because it drives workers to perform their tasks effectively. Workers who are motivated are more likely to take pride in their work, work harder, and produce higher-quality products.

Principles:
1. Workers should be paid a fair wage based on the value they add to the company.
2. Workers should be given opportunities for advancement and skill development.
3. Workers should be recognized and rewarded for their contributions to the company.
4. Workers should be given a safe and healthy work environment.

Questions:
1. How does Scientific Management view the role of workers in the workplace?
2. What are some ways to motivate workers without offering financial incentives?
3. How can companies ensure that their work environments are safe and healthy?

Section 3: Applying Scientific Management to Modern Businesses

Theory: While Scientific Management was developed over a century ago, its principles are still relevant today. Many modern businesses use elements of Scientific Management to optimize their work processes and motivate their employees.

Principles:
1. Companies should use data analytics to identify areas for improvement in their work processes.
2. Companies should invest in employee training and development programs.
3. Companies should offer competitive compensation packages and benefits.
4. Companies should create a positive work culture that values employee input and contributions.

Questions:
1. How has technology changed the way companies apply Scientific Management principles?
2. What are some examples of employee development programs that companies can offer?
3. How can companies ensure that their work cultures are positive and inclusive?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, Scientific Management and worker motivation are closely linked. By optimizing work processes and providing incentives for workers to perform their tasks efficiently, companies can improve productivity and create a more positive work environment. By applying these principles, companies can create a competitive advantage and achieve long-term success.

Glossary:
- Scientific Management: A management approach that focuses on optimizing work processes to increase efficiency and productivity.
- Motivation: The drive or willingness to perform tasks effectively.
- Incentives: Rewards or recognition given to workers for their contributions to the company.
- Work Process: A series of steps or tasks that make up a larger project or goal.
- Data Analytics: The process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data to identify patterns and trends.

Lesson Levels:
Primary:
- Define Scientific Management and Motivation.
- Identify the four principles of Scientific Management.
- List examples of incentives that can motivate workers.
- Describe the importance of motivation in Scientific Management.

Intermediate:
- Explain how Scientific Management differs from traditional management approaches.
- Analyze the role of workers in Scientific Management.
- Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of incentives.
- Discuss the impact of technology on the application of Scientific Management principles.

High School:
- Contrast Scientific Management with other management theories.
- Assess the relationship between motivation and job satisfaction.
- Compare and contrast different types of employee development programs.
- Analyze the challenges of creating a positive work culture.
- Evaluate the role of data analytics in optimizing work processes.


text:
Monday, April 29, 2013

Sunday, April 28, 2013

Six years. Who'da thunk? This blog has been at it now for six years and starting into number 7. Sure it slowed some in the past year but I've recovered and am back at a, more or less, daily routine. This past year saw me spend a lot of work time in the Philadelphia and southeastern Chester County (SE Pa.) areas. I added one new ball field in Wilmington Delaware. At the Vigilant Hose Company in Shippensburg we opened our new fire station. Two trips up to the City, one saw me cruising around Yonkers and the other to catch the Lunar New Years Firecracker ceremony in Chinatown. More birds, more flowers, more sunrises. Back to Chincoteague Island, Virginia where I finally went up into the lighthouse. Back to Colorado to chase elk and only catching them with my trail camera. Ballonfest in Greencastle. I even went to the picture vault for a week of throwbacks. And an unscheduled trip to South Carolina to say goodbye.

One can always hope next year is better. I don't think I have any specific plans for the next year, so we'll all play it by ear. Wish me luck and follow along.

Here are some statistics from the Outskirts... In 6 years there have been 2034 post with 78003 post views. Top 5 countries viewing... US, Russia, Germany, the UK and Canada. I even had hits from Bulgaria and Pakistan in the past 24 hours. And the number 4 phrase Googled to find my site? "World of Pigeons Pennsylvania".

Friday, April 26, 2013

Color seems to be popping up everywhere this past week. The cherry tree is in full bloom now and the azaleas will be out any time now. Tulips are mostly blooming. Stopped at the greenhouse last evening and was admiring the columbine, might've been a color I don't have. Still haven't found the blue ones yet, though.

Thursday, April 25, 2013

The house finch is a funny bird. I sat and watched him root around until he found what he was looking for. Throw out the old stuff to get the good stuff. A bit of a bully when the goldfinches are already at the thistle feeder though.

Wednesday, April 24, 2013

This is along the Bowery in NYC. This really isn't graffiti, it's like a poster or something glued to the wall. So is the guy with something in his hands up above pill-barf-man. I'm sure there is a message here somewhere. I guess this is what you get when you take away someone's paint cans. And Big Gulps.

Monday, April 22, 2013

My new feeder paid off in just one week. Beside the stupid grackles, who try to sit at this feeder and fall off, these are the first finches I've gotten into the thistle feeder. Goldfinches rule. I hope they hang out all summer.

It seems that all I shot lately are birds and flowers, I hope you don't mind.

Sunday, April 21, 2013

Magnolia trees look so pretty when the are blooming and once they come to full bloom. Then they drop those big pedals. Everywhere. Then a spring frost hits and the big pink tree becomes this big wilted brown tree. I'm glad my neighbor has one. I'm glad I don't.

Friday, April 19, 2013

Well the grape hyacinths have popped. And I mean popped all over my flower beds, my yard, the farmers field out back, everywhere. A lot of the other flowers are doing just as well. The cherry tree will be full in a few days, the bleeding hearts have buds, the columbine are getting taller and the lupine will be better than ever.

Thursday, April 18, 2013

I sat on my mother-in-laws front porch last night and shot the birds coming into her feeders. Some of them got away, some I had to work for. This Tufted Titmouse was evasive. My first handful of shots looked like the last picture. Finally as I was losing light fast it stopped long enough for a couple shots, but my settings were a little dark. Change the settings and wait. Ahhh Hahhh, it got hunger again and ventured over from the rhododendron. Success.

Wednesday, April 17, 2013

If you are a die hard Outskirts of Suburbia Painted Gentleman stalker you too would have noticed this Coke sign as soon as you saw it. I saw it and was ready to hop out and catch up later. But waited 'til after lunch while everyone else was wandering around the town square. Who knows how long it's been there? That building at 302 has been there a long time. The building at 300 Main Street in Edgefield, SC, whatever it once was, is now Still Magnolias. By their facebook page it looks like a crafty variety kind of store.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Algebra

### Section 1: What is Algebra?
Algebra is a branch of mathematics that deals with the manipulation and solution of equations, expressions, and operations involving variables and constants. It is used in everyday life, such as calculating money, measuring ingredients, and solving problems.

### Section 2: Why is Algebra Important?
Algebra is important because it helps us understand patterns and relationships between numbers, quantities, and functions. It is used in many fields, including science, engineering, economics, and finance. Understanding algebra allows us to make informed decisions based on data and predictions.

### Section 3: Types of Algebraic Expressions
There are three types of algebraic expressions: linear, quadratic, and exponential. Linear expressions involve only constants and variables, while quadratic expressions involve variables squared or raised to a power. Exponential expressions involve variables raised to a power or base.

### Section 4: Operations in Algebra
In algebra, we perform operations on expressions to solve for unknown values. These operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and exponents. We use these operations to isolate variables and find solutions to equations.

### Section 5: Solving Equations
Equations are statements that two expressions are equal. To solve an equation, we perform operations to isolate the variable on one side of the equation. Once the variable is isolated, we can substitute values to find the solution.

### Section 6: Graphing Equations
Graphing equations involves plotting points on a coordinate plane and drawing a line through those points. The line represents the equation, and its slope and y-intercept tell us information about the equation.

### Section 7: Systems of Equations
Systems of equations involve multiple equations with multiple variables. We can solve these systems using substitution, elimination, or graphing methods.

### Glossary
- Variable: A letter or symbol representing an unknown value in an equation.
- Constant: A fixed number or value that does not change in an equation.
- Expression: A combination of constants and variables, often with mathematical operations.
- Equation: A statement that two expressions are equal.
- Solution: The value(s) that make an equation true.
- Slope: The steepness of a line on a coordinate plane.
- Y-intercept: The point where a line crosses the y-axis on a coordinate plane.

### Conclusion
Understanding algebra is essential for problem-solving and decision-making. By mastering algebraic concepts, we can analyze data, make predictions, and solve real-world problems.


text: (who is a contact) is assigned to territory A102.. Drop: City Hospital (which is an account) Siebel Territory Management.. If a record was added to a territory by an Indirect rule it can be dropped from this territory by the same Indirect rule only. If a record was added to a territory by a Direct rule it can be dropped from this territory by a Direct Drop rule only. If in an alignment, one record is being considered by both a direct and an indirect rule, one with an add and the other with a drop action, the rule with the add action will prevail.. There is always an OR relationship between any two rules in an alignment, irrespective of whether the rules are direct, indirect, or a combination of the two.

textbook:
Lesson: Territory Management in Siebel CRM

**Introduction:**
Territory management in Siebel CRM is a process of assigning accounts and contacts to specific territories based on certain criteria such as geographical location, industry, or revenue. In this lesson, we will learn about the basics of territory management in Siebel CRM, including how to assign territories to accounts and contacts, and how to drop them from the territory using indirect and direct rules.

**Section 1: Assigning Territories to Accounts and Contacts**

To assign a territory to an account or contact, you need to follow these steps:

1. Open the Siebel CRM application and navigate to the Accounts or Contacts module.
2. Locate the account or contact you want to assign a territory to.
3. Click on the "Territory" field and select the appropriate territory from the list.
4. Click on the "Save" button to save your changes.

**Section 2: Understanding Indirect and Direct Rules**

In Siebel CRM, there are two types of rules that govern territory assignment: indirect and direct rules. These rules determine how records are added or dropped from a territory based on certain conditions.

1. Indirect Rule: An indirect rule is used when a record is added to a territory based on a set of conditions. For example, if an account is located in a specific region, it can be assigned to a territory based on that region's territory alignment.
2. Direct Rule: A direct rule is used when a record is added to a territory based on a specific user or group. For example, if a sales representative is assigned to a specific territory, all accounts assigned to that sales representative will be added to that territory.

**Section 3: Dropping Records from a Territory**

Records can be dropped from a territory using indirect and direct drop rules. The type of rule used to add the record to the territory determines which rule can be used to drop it.

1. If a record was added to a territory by an Indirect rule, it can be dropped from this territory by the same Indirect rule only.
2. If a record was added to a territory by a Direct rule, it can be dropped from this territory by a Direct Drop rule only.

**Section 4: Understanding OR Relationships**

There is always an OR relationship between any two rules in an alignment, irrespective of whether the rules are direct, indirect, or a combination of the two. This means that if a record is assigned to multiple territories based on different rules, it will be considered part of any of those territories.

**Glossary:**
- Territory: A defined geographic area used to organize accounts and contacts for sales and marketing purposes.
- Account: A record in Siebel CRM representing a customer or client.
- Contact: A record in Siebel CRM representing an individual associated with an account.
- Indirect Rule: A rule used to add records to a territory based on certain conditions.
- Direct Rule: A rule used to add records to a territory based on a specific user or group.
- Alignment: A set of rules that determine how records are assigned to territories.

**Conclusion:**
Territory management in Siebel CRM is an important tool for organizing accounts and contacts based on specific criteria. By understanding the basics of territory assignment and drop rules, you can effectively manage your territories and ensure that your sales and marketing efforts are focused in the right areas.


text:
Hydraulic braking systems are known in which the brake force applied by the driver to the brake pedal is transformed via a hydraulic brake cylinder and a brake servo unit into a hydraulic brake pressure, with the aid of which brake linings are applied to a brake disk. In the case of a failure of the brake servo unit, for example, a hydraulic pump, the brake boost is only available via the brake cylinder. In this connection, a hydraulic dead volume must initially be delivered before the brake force is built up in order to achieve a significant braking effect.
Furthermore, parking brakes are known in vehicles, which have an electric brake motor which, when actuated, pushes a brake piston, which is the carrier of a brake lining, against the brake disk. Such a parking brake is described, for example, in Germen Patent No. 103 61 042.

textbook:
Lesson: How Hydraulic Braking Systems Work

**Introduction**

In this lesson, we will learn about hydraulic braking systems, how they work, and their components. We will also explore the role of the brake servo unit and the consequences of its failure. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to understand the basic principles of hydraulic braking systems and their applications in vehicles.

**Main Topic**

**Hydraulic Braking Systems**

Hydraulic braking systems are used in many vehicles to provide a powerful and reliable braking system. These systems use hydraulic fluid to transmit the force applied by the driver to the brake pedal to the brake calipers or drum brakes. The brake pedal moves a piston in the brake master cylinder, which compresses hydraulic fluid and sends it to the brake calipers or drum brakes.

**Components of Hydraulic Braking Systems**

1. Brake Master Cylinder: This is the component that converts the force applied by the driver to the brake pedal into a hydraulic pressure. It contains a piston that moves when the brake pedal is depressed, compressing the hydraulic fluid inside.

2. Brake Servo Unit: This component is optional in some vehicles but is essential in others. It amplifies the force applied by the driver to the brake pedal, making it easier to stop the vehicle. It works by using the movement of the brake pedal to compress a spring, which then pushes the brake fluid to the brake calipers or drum brakes.

3. Brake Calipers or Drum Brakes: These are the components that actually stop the vehicle. They use the hydraulic pressure generated by the brake master cylinder and the brake servo unit (if present) to push the brake pads or shoes against the brake rotors or drums, creating friction and slowing down the vehicle.

**The Role of the Brake Servo Unit**

The brake servo unit is an essential component in some vehicles because it amplifies the force applied by the driver to the brake pedal. This makes it easier to stop the vehicle, especially when braking hard or at high speeds. Without a brake servo unit, the driver would have to apply much more force to the brake pedal to achieve the same stopping power.

**Consequences of Brake Servo Unit Failure**

If the brake servo unit fails, the driver will experience a significant reduction in braking power. This can be dangerous, especially if the vehicle is traveling at high speeds. In such cases, the driver may need to apply much more force to the brake pedal to achieve the necessary stopping distance.

**Practical Examples**

Let's consider a scenario where the brake servo unit fails in a vehicle traveling at 60 km/h. Without the brake servo unit, the driver would need to apply much more force to the brake pedal to slow down the vehicle. This could result in a longer stopping distance and an increased risk of an accident.

**Conclusion**

In this lesson, we learned about hydraulic braking systems, their components, and the role of the brake servo unit. We also explored the consequences of a brake servo unit failure and considered a practical example. By understanding the basic principles of hydraulic braking systems, we can appreciate their importance in modern vehicles and ensure that they are properly maintained and serviced.

**Glossary**

- **Brake Master Cylinder:** A component of a hydraulic braking system that converts the force applied by the driver to the brake pedal into a hydraulic pressure.
- **Brake Servo Unit:** An optional component in some vehicles that amplifies the force applied by the driver to the brake pedal, making it easier to stop the vehicle.
- **Brake Calipers:** Components of a hydraulic braking system that use the hydraulic pressure generated by the brake master cylinder and the brake servo unit (if present) to push the brake pads against the brake rotors, creating friction and slowing down the vehicle.
- **Drum Brakes:** Components of a hydraulic braking system that use the hydraulic pressure generated by the brake master cylinder and the brake servo unit (if present) to push the brake shoes against the brake drums, creating friction and slowing down the vehicle.


text: She Wanted To Try To Sleep On Her Math Books And Was Delighted To Come Home With A B On Her Math Test.. Find the best ways to relieve your stress and anxiety by directed and controlled to help improve the anxiety- performance relationship. It can manifest in a variety of symptoms, including insomnia, Willow Bark can soothe stomach distress and relax the large intestine. Often, a few simple behavior modifications and some be true when the athlete is free from external stresses and anxieties which could adversely effect their mood states. If anxiety causes you to lose sleep, Valerian root and although there have been criticisms made with regards to the actual shape of the curve in it's effects

textbook:
Lesson: How to Manage Stress and Anxiety
## Section 1: Introduction
Stress and anxiety are common experiences that everyone faces at some point in their lives. However, if left unmanaged, they can have negative effects on our physical and mental health. In this lesson, we will explore different ways to manage stress and anxiety effectively.
## Section 2: Understanding Stress and Anxiety
Stress is a natural response to a situation that makes us feel threatened or overwhelmed. It can be caused by external factors such as work or school pressure, financial problems, or personal relationships. Anxiety, on the other hand, is a feeling of unease, such as worry or fear, that can be triggered by past experiences or anticipation of future events.
## Section 3: Managing Stress and Anxiety
There are several ways to manage stress and anxiety, including:
### Subsection 3.1: Exercise
Regular exercise has been shown to reduce stress and anxiety levels. It helps to release endorphins, which are chemicals that improve mood and make us feel good.
### Subsection 3.2: Diet
Eating a balanced diet can help to regulate mood and reduce anxiety. Foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon, nuts, and seeds, can help to improve brain function and reduce inflammation.
### Subsection 3.3: Sleep
Getting enough sleep is essential for managing stress and anxiety. It helps to regulate mood and improve cognitive function. Try to establish a regular sleep routine and avoid caffeine and electronics before bedtime.
### Subsection 3.4: Mindfulness
Mindfulness is the practice of being present in the moment and focusing on your thoughts and feelings without judgment. It can help to reduce stress and anxiety levels and improve overall well-being.
### Subsection 3.5: Social Support
Having a support system can help to reduce stress and anxiety. Talk to friends, family, or a therapist about your feelings and concerns.
## Section 4: Conclusion
Managing stress and anxiety is crucial for maintaining good physical and mental health. By understanding the sources of stress and anxiety and implementing effective coping strategies, we can improve our overall well-being and resilience. Remember to practice self-care and seek support when needed.
## Glossary
- Stress: a natural response to a situation that makes us feel threatened or overwhelmed
- Anxiety: a feeling of unease, such as worry or fear, that can be triggered by past experiences or anticipation of future events
- Endorphins: chemicals that improve mood and make us feel good
- Omega-3 fatty acids: nutrients that improve brain function and reduce inflammation
- Mindfulness: the practice of being present in the moment and focusing on your thoughts and feelings without judgment
- Support system: people who provide emotional and practical support during difficult times.


text: We handle all types of commercial real estate matters, including the purchase and sale of commercial properties, asset purchases, as well as commercial leasing.. Our experience representing landords and tenants include commercial, office, retail leases, and other structured transactions and connected financings. Where required, we are able to draw on the expertise of other professionals in connection with issues related to leasing real property such as environmental concerns, real property tax issues and tax exemption programs.. We also represent our clients in reviewing and challenging their property tax assessments to ensure that they pay no more than their fair share of real property taxes.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Commercial Real Estate

## Section 1: Overview of Commercial Real Estate

Commercial real estate refers to property used for business purposes, such as offices, retail spaces, and industrial buildings. This type of property is typically purchased, sold, or leased by businesses, rather than individuals. In this lesson, we will explore the basics of commercial real estate, including its different types, the role of brokers and agents, and the legal aspects involved in buying, selling, and leasing commercial properties.

## Section 2: Types of Commercial Real Estate

There are several types of commercial real estate, including:

1. Office space: This type of property is used for professional services, such as law firms, accountants, and doctors' offices.

2. Retail space: Retail properties are typically located in high-traffic areas and are used for selling goods or services directly to consumers.

3. Industrial space: This type of property is used for manufacturing, warehousing, and distribution.

4. Multifamily housing: This includes apartment buildings, condominiums, and cooperatives.

5. Hotels and motels: These properties are used for short-term lodging.

6. Land: This can include vacant lots or farmland.

## Section 3: Brokers, Agents, and Legal Aspects

In the world of commercial real estate, there are several professionals who play important roles in the buying, selling, and leasing of properties. These include:

1. Brokers: These are individuals or firms that act as intermediaries between buyers and sellers of commercial real estate. They help negotiate deals and manage the process from start to finish.

2. Agents: These are individuals who work under the supervision of a broker. They may assist with showing properties, preparing documents, and other tasks related to the transaction.

3. Attorneys: Lawyers play a crucial role in commercial real estate transactions by reviewing contracts, ensuring compliance with relevant laws, and representing their clients' interests in court if necessary.

4. Accountants: These professionals help with financial analysis, tax planning, and other financial aspects of a commercial real estate deal.

5. Appraisers: These experts determine the value of a property based on market trends, location, and other factors.

## Section 4: Conclusion

In conclusion, commercial real estate is a complex and dynamic field that requires knowledge of various aspects of business, law, and finance. By understanding the different types of commercial real estate, the roles of brokers, agents, and legal professionals, and the legal aspects involved in buying, selling, and leasing commercial properties, you can gain a solid foundation in this area of study.


text: Epilepsy Channel. Topics. Medications. Quicklinks. Related Channels. Tranxene Uses. Tranxene uses are primarily concerned with treating partial seizures, anxiety disorders, and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. It works by enhancing the effects of GABA, a naturally calming chemical in the brain. The drug is not approved for children under nine years of age. Possible off-label Tranxene uses include treating insomnia, agitation, and symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal.. An Introduction to Tranxene UsesTranxene® (clorazepate dipotassium) is a prescription medication that is used to treat the following conditions:. Tranxene Uses for Alcohol WithdrawalQuitting. Tranxene can help with agitation, shakiness, and delirium tremens associated with alcohol withdrawal.. Written by/reviewed by: Kristi Monson, PharmD; Arthur Schoenstadt, MD. Last reviewed by: Kristi Monson, PharmD

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Tranxene Uses
## Section 1: Overview of Tranxene Uses
Tranxene is a prescription medication that is primarily used to treat partial seizures, anxiety disorders, and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. It works by enhancing the effects of GABA, a naturally calming chemical in the brain. In this lesson, we will explore the different uses of Tranxene, its mechanism of action, and how it can be used to treat various medical conditions.
## Section 2: Mechanism of Action
Tranxene works by enhancing the effects of GABA, a naturally calming chemical in the brain. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps to slow down brain activity and prevent overstimulation. When Tranxene enhances the effects of GABA, it can help to reduce anxiety, calm the nerves, and prevent seizures.
## Section 3: Tranxene Uses for Alcohol Withdrawal
One of the most common off-label uses of Tranxene is in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Alcohol withdrawal can cause a range of symptoms, including agitation, shakiness, and delirium tremens. Tranxene can help to alleviate these symptoms by calming the nerves and reducing anxiety.
## Section 4: Tranxene Uses for Insomnia and Other Conditions
Tranxene may also be used off-label to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders. Some people find that Tranxene helps them to fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer. However, Tranxene is not approved for use in children under nine years of age, so it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider before using this medication for sleep disorders.
## Section 5: Glossary
- GABA: gamma-aminobutyric acid
- Neurotransmitter: a chemical messenger that transmits signals across a synapse between neurons
- Seizure: a sudden, abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that causes changes in behavior, sensation, or body function
- Withdrawal: the physical and psychological symptoms that occur when a person stops using a substance, such as alcohol, after using it for a long time
## Conclusion
Tranxene is a medication that is primarily used to treat partial seizures, anxiety disorders, and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. It works by enhancing the effects of GABA, a naturally calming chemical in the brain. While Tranxene is not approved for use in children under nine years of age, it may be used off-label to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders. Understanding the mechanism of action of Tranxene and its different uses can help individuals to make informed decisions about their healthcare and well-being.


text: Also Available in:. description. In 1995, Hiroshi Okuda, president of Toyota Motor Corp., considers whether to push for a more aggressive launch of the Toyota Prius--an automobile that incorporates Toyota's new and technically advanced hybrid power train. This launch decision allows discussion of the importance of the Prius in Toyota's overall product strategy and explores issues ranging from market structure to competitive advantage and competitive dynamics.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Hybrid Cars

## Section 1: What are Hybrid Cars?
A hybrid car is a vehicle that combines two or more different power sources to move the car. The most common type of hybrid car is one that uses both gasoline and electricity as fuel sources. These cars have an internal combustion engine (ICE) and an electric motor.

## Section 2: Why Use Hybrid Cars?
Hybrid cars are becoming more popular because they offer several advantages over traditional cars. One of the biggest advantages is that they are more fuel-efficient. This means that they can go further on a gallon of gas than a traditional car. They also produce fewer emissions, which helps reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.

## Section 3: How do Hybrid Cars Work?
Hybrid cars work by using both the electric motor and the gasoline engine together to power the car. When the car is first started, the electric motor starts the ICE. Once the ICE is running, the electric motor takes over and powers the car until it needs to be recharged. The car then switches back to the ICE to recharge the battery.

## Section 4: The Toyota Prius
The Toyota Prius is a hybrid car that was first introduced in 1997. It was designed to be a more fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional cars. The Prius has become one of the most popular hybrid cars on the market, and it has helped pave the way for other hybrid cars to be developed.

## Section 5: Conclusion
In conclusion, hybrid cars offer several advantages over traditional cars. They are more fuel-efficient, produce fewer emissions, and are becoming more popular as people look for ways to reduce their carbon footprint. The Toyota Prius was one of the first hybrid cars on the market, and it has helped pave the way for other hybrid cars to be developed.


text: We Ship Australia wide!. The Gold Coast's best furniture & homewares. You have %itemCount% in your cart.. Total being %total%. Clean lines and simple design harmoniously blend together to create the Arlo Teak 2 Seater Sofa, crafted from reclaimed teak wood.. Each piece of teak wood has been hand selected and will vary based on the individual wood and its natural process of ageing.. The foam cushions are covered in Olefin, a material that is UV resistant, water repellant, and naturally anti-bacterial.. Biku Furniture & Homewares, Bundall is the Gold Coast's premier furniture store, showcasing exquisite pieces sourced from around the world.. This site requires cookies in order to provide all of its functionality.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Furniture and Homewares

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Furniture and homewares refer to items designed for use in households or other residential settings. These items range from tables, chairs, sofas, beds, cabinets, and decorative accessories like vases, paintings, and rugs. Furniture and homewares can be made from various materials such as wood, metal, plastic, glass, and fabric.

## Section 2: Practical Examples and Real-World Scenarios

Let's imagine you are planning to buy a new dining table for your home. You want a table that can seat six people comfortably and is made of solid wood. You visit a furniture store and find a table that meets your requirements. You ask the salesperson about the table's dimensions, weight capacity, and the type of wood used. The salesperson provides you with all the necessary information, and you decide to purchase the table.

Now let's consider another scenario. You are redesigning your living room and need to choose a new sofa. You visit a furniture store and try out several sofas with different styles and fabrics. You decide on a sofa that is comfortable, stylish, and made of durable materials. You also consider the sofa's price and warranty before making your final decision.

## Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

Why do you think furniture and homewares are important? What role do they play in creating a comfortable and functional living space? How do you decide which furniture and homewares to buy? Do you consider the style, quality, price, or brand reputation when making a purchase decision?

## Glossary

- Furniture: a movable object intended to support various human activities such as seating, sleeping, eating, or storage.
- Homewares: objects used in the maintenance of a household, such as kitchen appliances, cookware, and cleaning supplies.
- Materials: the substances from which something is made.
- Dimensions: the measurements of an object in terms of length, width, and height.
- Weight capacity: the maximum weight that an object can hold without breaking or becoming damaged.
- Solid wood: wood that is not composed of veneer, plywood, or particleboard.
- Style: a particular manner or form of expression.
- Fabric: a material made of fibers, typically natural or synthetic, used for making cloth.
- Durability: the ability of an object to withstand wear, pressure, or damage.

## Conclusion

Furniture and homewares play a crucial role in creating a comfortable and functional living space. They provide us with a place to sit, sleep, eat, and store our belongings. When choosing furniture and homewares, it is essential to consider factors such as style, quality, price, and brand reputation. By understanding these concepts, we can make informed decisions when purchasing furniture and homewares that meet our needs and fit our budget.


text:
Cross-border healthcare: Directive 2011/24 and the Greek law.
The Greek legal framework on healthcare is characterized by the complexity of an immense number of laws and regulatory acts, particularly regarding the national health system. In the face front of that problem, the Directive stands as an effort (and an opportunity) to achieve a regulatory rationalization. The Law 3918/2011 established the National Organisation for Healthcare (EOPYY). EOPYY is the unique national contact point in the country for the purposes of the Directive, having a responsibility to ensure that the services provided by its affiliated healthcare providers meet certain quality and safety standards. Furthermore, the Greek legal system encompasses an integrated body of legislation on informed consent, privacy, and data protection, as well as an explicit reference to the 'quality, safety and efficiency' of medical services, and provisions related to reimbursement issues that need further regulatory specification.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Healthcare Laws and Regulations
Objective: Understand the basic principles of healthcare laws and regulations in Greece.
Introduction:
Healthcare is a fundamental right of every individual. Governments around the world have implemented laws and regulations to ensure that their citizens have access to quality healthcare services. In this lesson, we will learn about the healthcare laws and regulations in Greece, particularly the Directive 2011/24 and the Greek law.
Directive 2011/24:
Directive 2011/24 is a European Union (EU) directive that aims to improve the cross-border healthcare for patients within the EU. It provides patients with the right to access healthcare services in another EU country and to have their costs reimbursed by their home country. The directive also ensures that patients are not discriminated against due to their nationality, place of residence, or the nature of their illness.
Greek Law:
The Greek legal framework on healthcare is complex and consists of numerous laws and regulatory acts. However, the Law 3918/2011 established the National Organisation for Healthcare (EOPYY), which is responsible for ensuring that the services provided by its affiliated healthcare providers meet certain quality and safety standards.
Quality, Safety, and Efficiency:
The Greek legal system encompasses an integrated body of legislation on informed consent, privacy, and data protection, as well as an explicit reference to the 'quality, safety, and efficiency' of medical services. This means that healthcare providers in Greece must adhere to strict quality, safety, and efficiency standards to provide medical services.
Reimbursement Issues:
The Greek legal system also includes provisions related to reimbursement issues that need further regulatory specification. This means that healthcare providers must follow specific guidelines when it comes to reimbursement for medical services.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, we have learned about the basic principles of healthcare laws and regulations in Greece. We understand that healthcare is a fundamental right of every individual and that governments have implemented laws and regulations to ensure that their citizens have access to quality healthcare services. We also understand the role of Directive 2011/24 and the Greek law in providing cross-border healthcare services to patients within the EU. Finally, we understand the importance of quality, safety, and efficiency in medical services and the need for reimbursement guidelines for healthcare providers.
Glossary:
Directive - A legal act of the European Union that sets out the goals that member countries must achieve.
EU - European Union.
Home Country - The country where the patient is a resident.
Affiliated Healthcare Providers - Healthcare providers that are associated with EOPYY.
Quality, Safety, and Efficiency - The standards that healthcare providers must adhere to when providing medical services.
Glossary:
Directive - A legal act of the European Union that sets out the goals that member countries must achieve.
EU - European Union.
Home Country - The country where the patient is a resident.
Affiliated Healthcare Providers - Healthcare providers that are associated with EOPYY.
Quality, Safety, and Efficiency - The standards that healthcare providers must adhere to when providing medical services.


text:
Sen. Daniel Inouye Dies At 88, As Senate Loses Its Most Senior Member

Sen. Daniel Inouye (left), who died at 88 Monday, served as the chairman of the Senate committee investigating the Iran-Contra affair in 1986.

Chris Wilkins
/ AFP/Getty Images

Originally published on December 17, 2012 6:48 pm

Sen. Daniel Inouye of Hawaii, 88, has died of respiratory complications, according to reports from the AP and other news agencies. The World War II veteran, a Democrat, had been the most senior member of the Senate. He joined its ranks in 1963, shortly after Hawaii became a state.

At the time of his death, Inouye was the president pro tempore, placing him third in the line of succession, behind Vice President Biden and the House speaker. He was also the chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee.

According to the senator's staff, he died at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, just after 5 p.m. ET.

"When asked in recent days how he wanted to be remembered, Dan said, very simply, 'I represented the people of Hawaii and this nation honestly and to the best of my ability. I think I did OK.'"

His last words, according to the statement, were simply, "Aloha."

For many Americans, Inouye's tenure in the Senate will forever be tied to the way he comported himself during two controversial episodes, both of which played out before a national television audience.

He served on the Watergate Commission that investigated the infamous burglary in the early 1970s, an inquiry that led to many indictments and ultimately the resignation of President Richard Nixon. And in 1986, Inouye led the Iran-Contra Committee that investigated the illegal funneling of weapons.

Throughout those tumultuous events, Inouye won praise for maintaining a sense of equilibrium and an unbiased interest in the truth.

In a 2011 NPR interview marking the 70th anniversary of the Pearl Harbor attack, Inouye was asked by Tell Me More host Michel Martin if there were "an issue today that you would like to speak on that you would like people to be thinking about?"

Here is the answer he gave:

"The lesson is one that should be repeated time and again, that we do have an extraordinary Constitution. We do have extraordinary sets of laws, but I have found that, in the history of mankind, whenever there's a crisis like that of a war, some of the leaders set them aside and forget it. For example, I think the law was rather clear about placing 120,000 Japanese in what we call concentration camps and we had committed no crime. All properties were lost. Our freedom was lost.

"But there is greatness in this because, after the war, the United States of America was strong enough to admit wrong. When confronted, they said, yes. We did something wrong. We apologize and we want to make redress.

"Very few countries would do this. They try their best to deny, but not the United States and for that, I'm very proud of my country."

Inouye ended that interview the way he ended many conversations — by saying "Aloha."

The decorated war veteran had volunteered for the military as a teenager. He served in Europe as part of the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, an experience that he recounted for the Ken Burns documentary The War.

During a battle in Italy, Inouye's right arm became the casualty of a charge against German machine guns.

As a recent article in USA Today describes, "In the hospital recovering from his war wounds, Inouye met a fellow soldier named Bob Dole. The two men forged a friendship there, and later they worked together in the Senate when Dole was the Senate Republican leader from Kansas."

According to his staff, Inouye is survived by "his wife, Irene Hirano Inouye, his son Daniel Ken Inouye Jr., Ken's wife Jessica, and granddaughter Maggie and step-daughter Jennifer Hirano. He was preceded in death his first wife, Maggie Awamura."

Copyright 2012 National Public Radio. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.

textbook:
Title: Understanding the Iran-Contra Affair

Introduction:
The Iran-Contra affair was a political scandal that occurred during the 1980s in the United States. It involved the sale of weapons to Iran, which was an enemy country at the time, and the use of the proceeds to fund the Contras, a rebel group in Nicaragua. This lesson will explain the events surrounding the Iran-Contra affair and its impact on American politics.

Section 1: Background Information
The Iran-Contra affair began in 1985 when the Reagan administration decided to sell weapons to Iran, which was still held hostage by militants in Lebanon. The sale was meant to secure the release of seven American hostages being held by Hezbollah, a Lebanese Shiite group with close ties to Iran. The administration also hoped that the sale would help fund the Contras, a rebel group fighting to overthrow the Sandinista government in Nicaragua.

Section 2: The Scandal Unfolds
In November 1986, the Wall Street Journal reported that the United States had secretly sold weapons to Iran and used the proceeds to fund the Contras. This revelation led to a congressional investigation, which revealed that President Ronald Reagan had known about the sales all along. The scandal caused outrage among Americans, who felt that the president had lied to them and broken the law.

Section 3: Impact on American Politics
The Iran-Contra affair had a significant impact on American politics. It damaged the reputation of the Reagan administration and led to a loss of trust in government. Many people felt that the administration had acted illegally and that the president had abused his powers. The scandal also led to increased scrutiny of the executive branch and its actions.

Section 4: Critical Thinking Questions
1. Why do you think the Reagan administration decided to sell weapons to Iran?
2. Do you think the ends (securing the release of hostages) justified the means (breaking the law)? Why or why not?
3. How did the Iran-Contra affair change American politics?

Glossary:
- Hostages: People who are held by a group and used as pawns in political negotiations.
- Contras: A rebel group in Nicaragua that fought to overthrow the Sandinista government.
- Hezbollah: A Lebanese Shiite group with close ties to Iran.

Conclusion:
The Iran-Contra affair was a scandal that rocked American politics in the 1980s. It involved the sale of weapons to Iran and the use of the proceeds to fund the Contras. The scandal damaged the reputation of the Reagan administration and led to increased scrutiny of the executive branch. By understanding the events surrounding the Iran-Contra affair, we can better understand the importance of honesty and integrity in government.


text:
Q:

Docker for Windows "Already exists" image does not exist at all

I am trying to pull an image that should also be pulling the aspnet:4.7 image. However docker keeps telling me the image "Already exists", but it does not. Is there a way to tell Docker for Windows to pull the required images anyways?
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> docker pull -a [hidden]/mycode
dev: Pulling from [hidden]/mycode
3889bb8d808b: Already exists
e29afd68a947: Already exists
36f010181129: Already exists
94c1c860b007: Already exists
d8096eabbf13: Already exists
67025ded22a8: Already exists
dbe75d79f130: Already exists
84d3d4630614: Already exists
301ba58699fa: Already exists
5e9f3c14f629: Already exists
90fd39402ca5: Already exists
4791db5edc55: Pull complete
1da86da74a58: Pull complete
3acc18896b8f: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:dc7e28154e63d5c22a210c314b4a80dcdba7baeea0ebf853445853680276293d
prod: Pulling from [hidden]/mycode
3889bb8d808b: Already exists
e29afd68a947: Already exists
36f010181129: Already exists
94c1c860b007: Already exists
d8096eabbf13: Already exists
67025ded22a8: Already exists
dbe75d79f130: Already exists
84d3d4630614: Already exists
301ba58699fa: Already exists
5e9f3c14f629: Already exists
a1fa39b61ce3: Already exists
98fa6868a880: Pull complete
10db2dd5f47b: Pull complete
5c881ba7245b: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:8b0464fe849148f4fb3c8e165cc7539823d974171bdb596bed48dd91bd9da20d
Status: Downloaded newer image for brunofvalli/xehub
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
[hidden]/mycode  dev                 6e8a0b8dd5f9        24 hours ago        11.8GB
[hidden]/mycode   prod                98a5df79a3ce        24 hours ago        11.8GB
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32>

I have tried to do a
docker rmi 3889bb8d808b

But it tell me the image does not exist.
How do I delete these cached images? Or how do I force Docker to download the image anyways?
EDIT
I guess I should have started with the problem. The microsoft/aspnet:4.7 layer/image is about 4GB is size. Currently when I try to build my application using this layer/image it is failing, my guess is that it got corrupted, since doing in another machine works fine. I want to re-fetch this base image, but doing docker rmi is not removing this "cached" image/layer from my system, so I get this Already exists message. I want to re-download the 4GB image again. Is there a way to do this? I am getting really close on just reinstall Windows 10.

A:

I think you are confusing layer with the image. Docker images are built using dockerfile. Every line in dockerfile adds up a layer which makes up your image. For example taking basic dockerfile below and layer identifier from your example above:
FROM busybox:latest # ----> 3889bb8d808b
MAINTAINER person # ----> e29afd68a947
RUN touch foo.txt # ----> 36f010181129
CMD ["bin/sh"] # ------> 94c1c860b007

This would create a single docker image with every line in dockerfile making up a layer in docker image. Thus, the first line would make up a layer of base image busybox:latest with identifier 3889bb8d808b. Subsequently, further layers are added on top of the preceding layer corresponding to dockerfile's line.  This really helps especially when we make a change to docker file, the line which is changed would trigger building image much fast as layer corresponding to that line alone would be pulled along.
It's also important to note that if a layer already exists in your machine as a part of some other docker image, it's used directly without pulling the same layer again every time. Thus, in your case the layers saying already exists may be layers pulled earlier in some other image or even the same image where you just updated the dockerfile at later stages thus, triggering layer pulls corresponding to only changed lines.
Thus when you try docker rmi 3889bb8d808b docker correctly says that image does not exist. Since 3889bb8d808b identifier corresponds to a layer and not docker image.
If you want to pull docker image fresh, use docker images to find the image ID corresponding to your Docker image and remove it using docker rmi <image-ID>. Then use docker pull -a brunofvalli/xehub

textbook:
Lesson:

**Title:** Docker for Windows Image Already Exists Error

**Objective:** In this lesson, we will learn about the Docker for Windows "Already exists" error and how to troubleshoot it.

**Introduction:**

Docker is a popular platform for building, shipping, and running applications. It allows developers to package their applications and dependencies into containers, which can be easily shared and deployed across different environments. However, sometimes when working with Docker for Windows, users may encounter an error message indicating that an image "Already exists." This can be confusing because the user may not have previously pulled or created the image. In this lesson, we will explore the causes of this error and provide some troubleshooting tips.

**Section 1: Understanding the Error**

The "Already exists" error occurs when Docker attempts to pull an image that is already present on the local system. This can happen for several reasons:

1. The user has previously pulled the image using the same Docker client or registry.
2. The image is already present on the local system due to a previous build or download.
3. The image is a base image that is automatically downloaded when creating a new Dockerfile.

In some cases, the "Already exists" error can be caused by a caching issue or a misconfiguration in the Docker client.

**Section 2: Troubleshooting the Error**

To troubleshoot the "Already exists" error, follow these steps:

1. Check the image ID: Use the `docker images` command to list all the images on the system and compare the image IDs with the ones in the error message. If the IDs match, it means that the image is already present on the system.

2. Verify the repository and tag: Check if the repository and tag in the error message match the ones you are trying to pull. If they do not match, it is likely that you are trying to pull a different image than the one that is already present on your system.

3. Clear the Docker cache: Sometimes, the "Already exists" error can be caused by a caching issue. To clear the cache, use the `docker system prune` command.

4. Reconfigure the Docker client: If none of the above steps work, it is possible that the Docker client is misconfigured. Try reinstalling the Docker client or updating it to the latest version.

**Section 3: Conclusion**

In conclusion, the "Already exists" error in Docker for Windows can be caused by several factors, including previous pulls, caching issues, or misconfigured clients. By following the troubleshooting steps outlined in this lesson, you can identify and resolve the issue, allowing you to continue working with Docker on Windows.

**Glossary:**

- Docker: A platform for building, shipping, and running applications.
- Container: A lightweight, portable, and self-sufficient encapsulation of an application and its dependencies.
- Registry: A repository where Docker images are stored and distributed.
- Image: A read-only template that defines how to run an application in a container.
- Base image: A pre-built image that serves as a starting point for creating custom images.
- Dockerfile: A file that contains instructions for building an image.
- Cache: A temporary storage area where frequently accessed data can be stored to improve performance.

**Glossary:**

- Docker: A platform for building, shipping, and running applications.
- Container: A lightweight, portable, and self-sufficient encapsulation of an application and its dependencies.
- Registry: A repository where Docker images are stored and distributed.
- Image: A read-only template that defines how to run an application in a container.
- Base image: A pre-built image that serves as a starting point for creating custom images.
- Dockerfile: A file that contains instructions for building an image.
- Cache: A temporary storage area where frequently accessed data can be stored to improve performance.


text: Did you know that beetroot is a good detox for the liver? Well that is what I read when researching for a friend. I really love beetroot, but only freshly cooked, (bio or eco). My grandmother who was the best cook I know,(grandmothers usually are, especially if they are french!) had a very simple recipe of which I added my personal touch. You just have to cook the beetroot until done, tender, pick with a fork to check. Set aside to cool for a while, but not in the fridge as the salade has to be eaten low warm. “Tiede”. Meanwhile prepare your vinaigrette, oil and vinegar salt and pepper, add chopped parsley. I added greek feta cheese, the real greek feta, made of sheeps or goats milk, NOT of cows milk.It taste a lot better! Can be bought in bio shops as well as normal supermarkets,. So ” Bon Appetit” stay healthy and detox!!. Sorry I am having a problem with my photos at the moment , they are not showing in original size?. Tours for gourmets in Berlin!

textbook:
Lesson: Nutrition and Health Benefits of Beetroot
Introduction:
Beetroot is a root vegetable that is packed with nutrients and has several health benefits. In this lesson, we will learn about the nutritional value of beetroot, its health benefits, and how to incorporate it into our diet.
Nutritional Value:
Beetroot is low in calories and is a good source of fiber, folate, manganese, and potassium. One cup of raw beetroot contains approximately 34 calories, 3.4 grams of fiber, 14% of the daily requirement of folate, 12% of the daily requirement of manganese, and 8% of the daily requirement of potassium.
Health Benefits:
Beetroot has several health benefits due to its high nutritional value. Some of these benefits include:
- Detoxification: Beetroot is a natural detoxifier for the liver and can help remove toxins from the body.
- Blood Pressure: Beetroot contains nitrates, which can help lower blood pressure and improve circulation.
- Digestion: The high fiber content in beetroot helps regulate digestion and prevent constipation.
- Brain Function: Beetroot is a good source of folate, which is essential for brain function and the production of new cells.
Incorporating Beetroot into Your Diet:
Beetroot can be incorporated into your diet in several ways. Here are some ideas:
- Raw: Add raw beetroot to salads or use it as a snack with hummus or guacamole.
- Cooked: Boil or roast beetroot and serve it as a side dish with meat or fish.
- Juiced: Juice beetroot with other vegetables to make a nutritious and delicious juice.
- Smoothie: Add beetroot to your smoothie for an extra boost of nutrients.
Conclusion:
Beetroot is a nutritious and healthy vegetable that can be incorporated into your diet in several ways. Its high nutritional value and health benefits make it a great addition to any meal plan. By incorporating beetroot into your diet, you can improve your overall health and well-being.


text: Woohoo! It’s finished. I started this in Barcelona in August 2014, and finished it in London, February 2015.. This is the best photo I could manage.. To recap, I have been making an art piece by sewing together bits of discarded stuff I came across in Barcelona.. You can find out about the making of each section here: Section 1. Section 2. Section 3. Section 4. Section 5. Section 6. Section 7. Section 8. Section 9.. Congratulations on completing your project! It looks fantastic.. Thanks Laura, have a great weekend 🙂. Incredible! LOVE the stitching… and the photos are good. Well done you. xx. Thanks Tina xx. Thanks Tina. Oh, it’s brilliant! I love the way the images start to work on you, making you make connections…. Thanks Richard. Wonderful work. Thank you. Pingback: London Exhibition Patchwork | Alison Sye

textbook:
Lesson: Sewing Together Discarded Stuff
Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about sewing together discarded stuff to create an art piece. We will cover the materials needed, the steps involved, and the benefits of upcycling.
Materials Needed:
- Fabric scraps
- Thread
- Needle
- Scissors
- Sewing machine (optional)
Steps Involved:
1. Gather fabric scraps that you want to use for your art piece.
2. Cut the fabric into small pieces that can be sewn together.
3. Arrange the fabric pieces in a pattern that you like.
4. Sew the fabric pieces together using a needle and thread.
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 until you have created the desired art piece.
Benefits of Upcycling:
1. Reduces waste: By using discarded stuff, you are reducing the amount of waste that goes into landfills.
2. Saves money: Upcycling is a cost-effective way to create something new and unique without spending a lot of money.
3. Teaches creativity: Upcycling requires creativity and problem-solving skills, which can be applied to other areas of life.
Conclusion:
Sewing together discarded stuff is a fun and creative way to upcycle materials and create something new. By following the steps involved and considering the benefits of upcycling, you can create an art piece that is both beautiful and environmentally friendly.


text: Under construction here in North Texas. The leuders limestone wall has been up for about 15 days and some of the rock (about 6) has developed this dark ring around the edges. PB says this is natural for this type of rock, but I don't see it on peoples houses that have this stone, so why my pool wall?? It wasn't there when they built the wall, so this is something that has just developed over the last week. I don't want the rest of the wall to start looking like this either. The back side of the wall is exposed (unsealed) gunite at the moment, so I don't know if this has anything to do with it?? Any ideas??

textbook:
Lesson: How to Identify and Prevent Staining on Natural Stone Walls

Introduction:
Natural stone walls are a popular choice for many homeowners due to their durability, beauty, and low maintenance requirements. However, staining can occur on these walls, which can be unsightly and difficult to remove. In this lesson, we will learn about the causes of staining on natural stone walls and how to prevent them.

Section 1: Understanding Staining on Natural Stone Walls

Topic 1: Causes of Staining
Staining on natural stone walls can occur due to various reasons such as exposure to chemicals, water, or dirt. Some common causes of staining include:

- Chemical stains: Exposure to chemicals such as oil, grease, or paint can cause staining on natural stone walls.
- Water stains: Water can cause staining on natural stone walls if it penetrates the surface and leaves behind mineral deposits or other impurities.
- Dirt stains: Dirt can accumulate on the surface of natural stone walls and cause staining if not removed promptly.

Topic 2: Types of Staining
There are two main types of staining on natural stone walls: physical and chemical. Physical staining occurs when a substance physically adheres to the surface of the stone, while chemical staining occurs when a substance reacts with the stone, causing a change in its color or texture.

Section 2: Preventing Staining on Natural Stone Walls

Topic 1: Proper Maintenance Techniques
Regular cleaning and maintenance are essential for preventing staining on natural stone walls. Here are some tips for proper maintenance:

- Use clean, soft cloths to wipe down the surface of the stone regularly.
- Avoid using abrasive cleaners or scrubbing pads, as these can damage the surface of the stone.
- Apply a sealant to the stone to protect it from staining and make it easier to clean.
- Remove any spills or stains immediately to prevent them from setting into the stone.

Topic 2: Choosing the Right Type of Stone
The type of natural stone you choose can also play a role in preventing staining. Some stones are more resistant to staining than others. For example, limestone is more prone to staining than granite. Therefore, it is essential to choose a stone that is appropriate for your specific needs and environment.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, understanding the causes of staining on natural stone walls and implementing proper maintenance techniques can help prevent staining. Additionally, choosing the right type of stone for your specific needs and environment can also help reduce the risk of staining. By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your natural stone wall remains beautiful and stain-free for years to come.

Glossary:
- Natural stone: A rock formed by natural processes such as cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
- Staining: A discoloration or change in the appearance of a surface due to the absorption of a substance.
- Sealant: A protective coating applied to a surface to prevent staining or damage.


text: Franco-Flemish family of musicians active in Brussels and Paris. The most celebrated members were Marie-Anne [‘La Camargo’] (1710-70), a dancer at the Paris Opéra from 1726, who appeared in many important premières including Rameau's Hippolyte et Aricie (1733) and who, being the first to shorten her costume skirts to above the instep, influenced the aesthetics and technique of ballet; her brother Jean-Baptiste (1711-88), a famed horseman who extended violin-playing techniques and wrote violin sonatas and symphonies; and their brother François (1732-1808), a cellist in the orchestras of the Concert Spirituel and Opéra, who wrote sonatas, duos and a method for the cello.

textbook:
Lesson: The Art of Ballet

Introduction:
Ballet is an art form that combines music, dance, and drama to tell stories or convey emotions. It has been popular for centuries and continues to captivate audiences around the world. In this lesson, we will explore the history of ballet, its key elements, and the importance of technique and creativity in this art form.

Section 1: History of Ballet
The art of ballet has its roots in the Italian Renaissance courts of the 15th century. It was later developed in France and Russia, where it became a popular form of entertainment for royalty and the aristocracy. Ballet spread throughout Europe and eventually reached America, where it became an integral part of our culture.

Section 2: Key Elements of Ballet
Ballet is a highly technical dance form that requires years of training to master. Some of the key elements of ballet include:

- Technique: Ballet technique involves a series of movements and positions that are specific to this art form. These movements are designed to create a sense of flow and grace while also allowing dancers to perform intricate footwork and jumps.
- Music: Ballet is often performed to classical music, which is specifically composed for this dance form. The music provides the rhythm and tempo for the movements, and the two are closely intertwined.
- Drama: Ballet tells stories or conveys emotions through movement, facial expressions, and costumes. The narrative is often conveyed without words, making it a universal language that can be understood by audiences around the world.

Section 3: Technique and Creativity
While technique is essential to ballet, creativity is equally important. Choreographers must find new ways to express themselves through movement and create unique pieces that capture the audience's imagination. Dancers must also be able to interpret the choreography in their own way, bringing their own personality and style to the performance.

Section 4: Practice Questions
1. What are some key elements of ballet?
2. How has ballet evolved over time?
3. What is the relationship between music and ballet?
4. Why is technique important in ballet?
5. How does creativity play a role in ballet?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, ballet is a beautiful and technical art form that combines music, dance, and drama to create a unique experience for both performers and audiences. By understanding the history, key elements, and importance of technique and creativity, we can appreciate the skill and dedication required to excel in this art form. Whether you are a dancer, choreographer, or simply someone who enjoys watching ballet, this lesson provides a foundation for understanding and appreciating this timeless art form.


text:
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, or PETA, is objecting to a video showing U.S. Marines eating live scorpions and drinking cobra blood and demanding vegan or virtual reality alternatives.

The video shows Marines participating in the Cobra Gold exercise co-sponsored by the U.S. and Thailand, where they are taught skills to survive in the jungle.

In the more graphic parts of the video, a trainer is shown devouring a live scorpion and helping Marines drink the blood of a snake.

"A frat party gone wrong"

PETA objected to the exercise and asked the military to pursue alternatives to the training.

"The photos showing giddy Marines swallowing scorpions and guzzling cobra blood are more reminiscent of a frat party gone wrong than a military drill," said PETA Vice President Shalin Gala in a statement released Thursday.

"PETA is calling on the Marine Corps to take immediate action to replace this barbaric exploitation of animals with cutting-edge, technology-based survival training courses that will better prepare troops," the statement added.

The group recommended "interactive video games with food procurement components" and "virtual reality methods" instead of training involving live animals.

Reuters reported that South Korea did not participate in the annual training this year owing to the crisis surrounding the coronavirus, which some believe originated in Chinese residents eating infected bats.

Here's the video of the Cobra Gold training [graphic]:

textbook:
# Lesson: The Importance of Alternatives to Animal Cruelty

## Introduction

In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of alternatives to animal cruelty. We will explore why it is essential to consider the well-being of animals and how technology can help us achieve this goal. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to understand the benefits of using alternatives to animal testing and how they can improve our lives and the lives of others.

## Section 1: Understanding the Importance of Alternatives

### Topic 1: Why Alternatives Matter

Animals have been used for centuries for various purposes, such as food, clothing, and entertainment. However, many people are now becoming aware of the cruelty that animals often face in these industries. This has led to an increased demand for alternatives that do not harm animals.

There are several reasons why alternatives to animal cruelty matter:

1. Animals have the right to live free from harm and suffering.
2. Many alternative methods are more accurate and reliable than animal testing.
3. Using alternatives is more cost-effective and efficient.
4. Alternatives promote a more compassionate society.

### Topic 2: The Benefits of Alternatives

There are several benefits to using alternatives to animal testing:

1. Improved accuracy: Many alternative methods are more accurate and reliable than animal testing.
2. Cost-effectiveness: Alternatives are often more cost-effective than animal testing.
3. Efficiency: Alternatives can be completed faster than animal testing.
4. Compliance with regulatory requirements: Many countries have laws requiring the use of alternatives to animal testing.
5. Public support: People are increasingly concerned about animal welfare and support companies that use alternatives.

### Topic 3: Examples of Alternatives

There are many alternative methods available that can be used instead of animal testing:

1. In vitro testing: This method involves testing on cells or tissues in a laboratory setting.
2. Computer modeling: This method uses computer simulations to predict how a product will behave in the body.
3. Epidemiological studies: These studies involve analyzing data from human populations to determine the safety of a product.
4. Human volunteer studies: These studies involve testing products on willing human participants.
5. Chemical analysis: This method involves analyzing the chemical composition of a product to determine its safety.

## Section 2: Applying Alternatives to Real-Life Scenarios

### Topic 1: Food Industry

One industry where alternatives are essential is the food industry. Many people are concerned about the treatment of animals in factory farms. Alternatives to animal testing can help ensure that food products are safe without harming animals.

For example, companies can use in vitro testing to determine the safety of food ingredients. They can also use computer modeling to predict how a product will behave in the body. Additionally, epidemiological studies can be used to determine the safety of food products based on data from human populations.

### Topic 2: Cosmetics Industry

Another industry where alternatives are essential is the cosmetics industry. Many people are concerned about the testing of cosmetic products on animals. Alternatives to animal testing can help ensure that cosmetic products are safe without harming animals.

For example, companies can use in vitro testing to determine the safety of cosmetic ingredients. They can also use computer modeling to predict how a product will behave on the skin. Additionally, human volunteer studies can be used to test cosmetic products on willing participants.

## Section 3: Conclusion

In conclusion, alternatives to animal cruelty are essential for promoting a more compassionate society. By using alternative methods, we can ensure the well-being of animals while still achieving our goals. Additionally, alternative methods are often more accurate, cost-effective, and efficient than animal testing. By understanding the importance of alternatives and applying them to real-life scenarios, we can make a positive impact on the world around us.

## Glossary

- Animal cruelty: Any action that causes unnecessary pain or suffering to animals.
- Alternative methods: Testing methods that do not involve animals.
- In vitro testing: Testing on cells or tissues in a laboratory setting.
- Computer modeling: Using computer simulations to predict how a product will behave in the body.
- Epidemiological studies: Analyzing data from human populations to determine the safety of a product.
- Human volunteer studies: Testing products on willing human participants.
- Chemical analysis: Analyzing the chemical composition of a product to determine its safety.


text:
Léon de Berluc-Pérussis

Léon de Berluc-Pérussis (14 June 1835, Apt, Vaucluse – 2 December 1902, Aix-en-Provence) was a French poet and historian in French and Provençal.

Early life
Berluc-Pérussis was born into a Provençal family, who were allied with the Peruzzi family of Florence. The Peruzzi family themselves came from Lombardy and established themselves in Forcalquier, the former capital city of Haute-Provence. Berluc-Pérussis' father and grandfather were both magistrates.

He began his studies at a small seminary in Forcalquier, and, after a brief stay at a high school in Versailles, continued his studies at Bourbon Middle School in Aix-en-Provence. He studied law in Aix-en-Provence and enrolled himself into the bar at the Court of Appeal in 1856.

Career
After having been a Secretary and Vice President of the Conference of Lawyers, he left the law profession to spend his time between Aix-en-Provence and his fatherland Porchères, near Forcalquier,  where he occupied himself day after day with the research of the area's local history, as well as with poetry and agriculture.

He was a fervent supporter of decentralization and the social reforms popularized by Pierre Guillaume Frédéric Le Play. He also notably became the editor of "Aptian Mercury" in 1853 and "Afternoon Honeybee" in 1855, Divisional Inspector of the Provence Department of the French Society of Archeology in 1862, a member of the Academy of Aix-en-Provence in 1865, Secretary General of the French Scientific Congress in Aix-en-Provence, at the President of the French Society of Archeology in Nice in 1866.

He was a promoter of the celebration of the 500th anniversary of Petrarch in Avignon in 1874, the President of the Literary Festival of Our-Lady of Provence in Forcalquier in 1875, Major of Félibrige in 1876, Regional Director of the Institute of Provinces and the Honorary President of the French Scientific Congress in Nice in 1878.

Death
He died on 2 December 1902.

External links

Category:1835 births
Category:1902 deaths
Category:People from Aix-en-Provence
Category:19th-century French poets
Category:Occitan poets
Category:French historians
Category:French male poets
Category:19th-century French male writers
Category:French male non-fiction writers

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Poetry

### Section 1: What is Poetry?
Poetry is a form of literature that uses language and its aesthetic qualities to evoke emotions or ideas. It often explores themes such as love, nature, and society, and can take many different forms, including sonnets, free verse, and narrative poems.

### Section 2: Why Study Poetry?
Studying poetry can help us understand the power of language and how it can be used to express complex ideas and emotions. It also helps us develop our critical thinking skills by analyzing the structure, rhythm, and meaning of a poem. Additionally, reading and writing poetry can inspire creativity, improve vocabulary, and deepen our understanding of the world around us.

### Section 3: How to Read and Analyze Poetry
To read and analyze poetry effectively, start by reading the poem several times to get a sense of its overall meaning. Pay attention to the structure and rhythm of the poem, as well as any literary devices used, such as metaphor or alliteration. Consider the tone and mood of the poem, and how they contribute to its overall meaning. Finally, reflect on the poem's themes and how they relate to your own experiences and understanding of the world.

### Section 4: Writing Poetry
Writing poetry can be a fun and rewarding experience. Start by choosing a subject or theme that interests you, and brainstorm ideas and images related to it. Experiment with different forms and structures, such as sonnets or free verse, and play with rhyme schemes and meter to create a sense of rhythm and musicality. Don't be afraid to revise and edit your work, and always be open to feedback and criticism from others.

### Glossary:
- Literature: written or oral works, including poetry, prose, and drama, that are considered to have artistic merit.
- Form: the structure or pattern of a poem, which can include stanzas, rhyme schemes, and metrical patterns.
- Theme: a central idea or message within a poem, which can be expressed through imagery, symbolism, or other literary devices.
- Rhythm: the pattern of beats or stresses in a line of poetry, which can create a sense of music or movement.
- Metaphor: a figure of speech that compares two unlike things by saying that one thing is another thing, without using "like" or "as."
- Alliteration: the repetition of the same sound at the beginning of several words in a sentence or phrase.

### Conclusion:
By studying poetry, we can deepen our understanding of language and its power to evoke emotions and ideas. Through reading and analyzing poems, we can develop our critical thinking skills and learn to appreciate the beauty and complexity of language. Additionally, writing poetry allows us to express ourselves creatively and explore our own thoughts and feelings. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced poet, there's always something new to discover in the world of poetry.


text: As an artist I spend so much time to develop a high quality and more meaningful artwork. An artwork that could communicate to the world; to tell something, to catch attentions, and to seek help. I use art to share my thoughts, and the things that I see in this beautiful world. I prefer realism to convey my thoughts and messages into the society, I want to capture every details from my subjects, but I give it more life by changing or adding some colour or form to it.

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Realism in Art

Introduction:
Realism is an artistic style that aims to represent the world as it is, without any idealization or exaggeration. It is a way of expressing one's thoughts and ideas through art, using a realistic approach to create a piece that is both visually appealing and thought-provoking. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of realism in art and how it can be used to convey meaning and emotion.

Section 1: Understanding Realism in Art

Topic 1: Definition of Realism
Realism is an artistic style that aims to represent the world as it is, without any idealization or exaggeration. It is a way of expressing one's thoughts and ideas through art, using a realistic approach to create a piece that is both visually appealing and thought-provoking.

Topic 2: Purpose of Realism
The purpose of realism in art is to capture the essence of the subject matter, to tell a story, or to convey a message. It is a way of expressing one's thoughts and ideas through art, using a realistic approach to create a piece that is both visually appealing and thought-provoking.

Topic 3: Characteristics of Realism
Realism in art is characterized by its attention to detail, its focus on the subject matter, and its ability to convey a message or tell a story. It is a way of expressing one's thoughts and ideas through art, using a realistic approach to create a piece that is both visually appealing and thought-provoking.

Section 2: Practical Examples of Realism in Art

Topic 1: Photorealism
Photorealism is a type of art that aims to look as though it was photographed. It is a way of expressing one's thoughts and ideas through art, using a realistic approach to create a piece that is both visually appealing and thought-provoking.

Topic 2: Hyperrealism
Hyperrealism is a type of art that aims to look as though it is a photograph. It is a way of expressing one's thoughts and ideas through art, using a realistic approach to create a piece that is both visually appealing and thought-provoking.

Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

Topic 1: Is Realism Necessary in Art?
Some people argue that realism is not necessary in art, as it can limit creativity and imagination. Others argue that realism is essential in art, as it allows artists to convey their thoughts and ideas in a more meaningful way. What do you think?

Topic 2: Can Realism Be Used in Abstract Art?
Some people argue that realism cannot be used in abstract art, as it goes against the very nature of abstraction. Others argue that realism can be used in abstract art, as it allows artists to create a more interesting and thought-provoking piece. What do you think?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, realism is an important aspect of art that allows artists to convey their thoughts and ideas in a more meaningful way. It is a way of expressing one's thoughts and ideas through art, using a realistic approach to create a piece that is both visually appealing and thought-provoking. By understanding the characteristics of realism, exploring practical examples of realism in art, and engaging in self-debating discussions, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the importance of realism in art.