text: Acerca de. I am a Graphic Designer with a wide variety of experience and will bring an abundance of wit, fresh ideas and good work habits to any assignment. It’s not uncommon for me to redesign and revitalized a variety of existing material—including identity systems, business forms, and invitations when needed. Every assignment is approached with high energy and style. I have a strict attention to detail and an excellent record for dependability, quality, punctuality and extra effort.. Miembro desde: 30 de noviembre de 2015. Opiniones. "Thank you for making our design come to life! It's exactly what we were hoping for! I would definitely work with Jason Lee Daniels again in the future! Thanks again! ". "Great to work with! Jason brought the best conceptual design for my project out of the gates."

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Graphic Design

**Section 1: What is Graphic Design?**
Graphic design is the process of creating visual content to communicate information or ideas. It involves using typography, color, and images to create visual compositions that convey a message or tell a story. Graphic designers work in various industries, including advertising, publishing, and packaging, to create visual identities, marketing materials, and user interfaces.

**Section 2: Understanding the Principles of Graphic Design**
To create effective graphic designs, designers must understand the principles of design, which include balance, contrast, emphasis, movement, pattern, repetition, rhythm, and unity. Balance refers to the distribution of elements within a composition, while contrast involves using opposite elements to create visual interest. Emphasis is the focal point of the design, and movement refers to how the eye moves through the composition. Pattern and repetition involve repeating elements, while rhythm creates a sense of flow and unity ties all elements together.

**Section 3: Using Graphic Design Software**
Graphic designers use software like Adobe Illustrator, Photoshop, and InDesign to create their designs. These programs allow designers to create vector graphics, manipulate images, and layout pages. Designers must learn the tools and features of these programs to create professional-looking designs.

**Section 4: Creating a Design Concept**
Before beginning a design project, graphic designers must develop a concept. This involves brainstorming ideas, researching the client's brand or industry, and determining the target audience. Once the concept is developed, designers create sketches and mood boards to visualize their ideas.

**Section 5: Applying Typography**
Typography is a crucial element of graphic design. Designers must understand the principles of typography, such as font choice, size, spacing, and alignment. They must also consider the readability and legibility of the text and how it relates to the overall design.

**Section 6: Using Color Theory**
Color theory is the study of how colors interact with one another. Graphic designers must understand color theory to create harmonious color schemes. They must consider the psychology of color, as different colors evoke different emotions and can affect consumer behavior.

**Section 7: Creating Visual Interest**
Visual interest is created by using various design elements, such as lines, shapes, and textures. Designers must understand how these elements work together to create a cohesive and visually appealing design.

**Section 8: Testing and Refining**
Once a design concept is developed, designers must test and refine their work. This involves presenting the design to the client for feedback and making necessary changes. Designers must be open to criticism and willing to make changes to improve the final product.

**Conclusion: Applying Graphic Design Skills**
Graphic design is a valuable skill that can be applied to various industries. By understanding the principles of design, using graphic design software, and creating effective designs, graphic designers can communicate information and ideas effectively. By applying the skills learned in this lesson, students can become proficient in graphic design and create visually stunning works.


text: The Nokia 808 PureView just continues to impress, with the latest video, which consists of some gorgeous timelapses created with original images from the phone’s camera, with no photo editing at all. Incase you didnt know, there’s a neat little sequence mode built right into the 808, which lets you take a picture at a certain time internal, that can then be stitched together to create the time lapse videos you see below:. All of the images in this video were taken with Nokia 808 PureView – a smartphone with a remarkable 41Mpix sensor.. Time-lapse sequence shot in South Africa with Nokia 808 PureView device inbuilt sequence shooting. Settings used: Creative mode / Interval / 30s & 5s

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson: How to Create Timelapse Videos with a Smartphone

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to create timelapse videos using a smartphone. We will cover the basics of timelapse photography, including the equipment needed, the settings to use, and the post-processing steps required to turn your photos into a stunning video. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to create your own timelapse videos with ease.

Section 1: Understanding Timelapse Photography

Topic 1: What is Timelapse Photography?
Timelapse photography is a technique that involves taking a series of photographs over a period of time and then playing them back in rapid succession to create a video that shows the passage of time. This type of photography is often used to capture changes in nature, cityscapes, or other static scenes.

Topic 2: Equipment Needed for Timelapse Photography
To create a timelapse video, you will need a smartphone with a built-in intervalometer (a feature that allows you to set a timer for taking multiple photos) or an external intervalometer trigger. You will also need a tripod to hold your smartphone steady while you shoot the photos. Finally, you may want to use a mobile app or software to help you plan and control your timelapse shoot.

Section 2: Setting Up Your Timelapse Shoot

Topic 1: Choosing Your Location and Subject
Choose a location and subject that will change interestingly over time. For example, you could shoot a sunset over a beach or a blooming flower in a garden. Make sure that the location is safe and legal to shoot at.

Topic 2: Setting Up Your Camera
Set up your smartphone on a tripod and make sure it is stable. Use the intervalometer feature on your smartphone or an external intervalometer trigger to set the interval between shots. The shorter the interval, the smoother the motion in your timelapse video.

Section 3: Shooting the Timelapse

Topic 1: Taking the Photos
Start taking photos according to your settings. Make sure that the camera is pointed in the right direction and that there are no obstacles or people in the way. It is also important to keep the camera level to avoid any distortion in the final video.

Topic 2: Troubleshooting Common Problems
If you notice any issues during the shoot, such as movement or changes in lighting conditions, try to fix them before continuing. If necessary, adjust the camera position or interval between shots to compensate for these issues.

Section 4: Post-Processing the Timelapse Video

Topic 1: Importing the Photos
Once you have finished shooting, import the photos into your computer or mobile device. Organize them chronologically so that they play back correctly in the final video.

Topic 2: Stitching the Photos Together
Use a mobile app or software to stitch the photos together into a timelapse video. Most apps have options for adjusting the speed, duration, and other parameters of the video.

Section 5: Sharing Your Timelapse Video

Topic 1: Exporting the Video
Once you have edited the video, export it in the desired format and resolution. You can share the video on social media platforms, such as YouTube or Instagram, or upload it to a website for others to view.

Conclusion:
Creating timelapse videos with a smartphone is a fun and rewarding hobby that allows you to capture the beauty of the world around us. By following the steps outlined in this lesson, you can create stunning timelapse videos that showcase the passage of time in unique and artistic ways.


text: Description. Landscape rakes are essential in removing debris from a field. This farm implement features a number of C-shaped curved tines that need to be pulled or pushed by a tractor. This agricultural machinery works by scraping through the fields and pulling out debris from the fertile land. The spring-like feature of this farm equipment keeps the tines closer to the ground without going very deep inside the soil and destroying it. Some of the best-built and designed landscape rakes are available at Tractors PK for sale in Kenya at competitive prices.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Agricultural Machinery - Landscape Rakes

**Lesson Overview:** In this lesson, we will learn about landscape rakes, their importance in agriculture, and how they work. We will also explore the different types of landscape rakes available in the market and their uses.

**Section 1: Introduction to Landscape Rakes**

Landscape rakes are farm implements used to remove debris from fields after harvesting crops. They are essential in maintaining a clean and healthy environment for new crops to grow. Landscape rakes have C-shaped curved tines that can be pulled or pushed by a tractor. These tines scrape through the fields and pull out debris such as straw, leaves, and other unwanted materials.

**Section 2: How Landscape Rakes Work**

Landscape rakes work by using a spring-like feature that keeps the tines close to the ground without going too deep into the soil. This prevents the tines from damaging the soil structure. As the tractor pulls or pushes the landscape rake, the tines scrape the ground and collect debris. The debris is then gathered and stored in a container attached to the rear of the tractor.

**Section 3: Types of Landscape Rakes**

There are different types of landscape rakes available in the market, each with its specific uses. These include:

1. Tow-behind landscape rakes: These rakes are pulled behind a tractor and are suitable for larger fields. They have a higher capacity for debris collection compared to other types of landscape rakes.

2. Three-point hitch landscape rakes: These rakes are attached to the front of a tractor and are suitable for smaller fields. They are more maneuverable than tow-behind landscape rakes.

3. Rotary landscape rakes: These rakes have rotating tines that rotate at high speeds to collect debris. They are suitable for larger fields and are more efficient than other types of landscape rakes.

**Section 4: Conclusion**

In conclusion, landscape rakes are essential in agriculture for maintaining a clean and healthy environment for new crops to grow. They work by using a spring-like feature that keeps the tines close to the ground without damaging the soil structure. There are different types of landscape rakes available in the market, each with its specific uses. Understanding the different types of landscape rakes and their uses can help farmers choose the right equipment for their farming needs.


text: Hye Guys,. I have a web based application which is getting it's Geo-spatial data. from Geo-Server and the Geo-. Server is deployed on Tomcat I want to scale this web application by. using Scalr scalability framework .. My configuration in scalr framework .. 1. Front-end NginX Load-Balancer. 2. Application Server (Tomcat + Geo-Server). Will this combination provide a good scalability for my web application.. What is your suggestion about this and if you have any Idea about scalr. then plz. tell me . I will be very helpful to you for this .. Thanks & Regards. Deepak. ---------------------------------------------------------------------. To unsubscribe, e-mail: users-unsubscribe@tomcat.apache.org. For additional commands, e-mail: users-help@tomcat.apache.org

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Scalability Frameworks

## Section 1: What is Scalability?
Scalability refers to the ability of a system or application to handle an increasing amount of work or users while maintaining its performance and reliability. As the demand for a web application increases, it becomes essential to ensure that the application can handle the increased load without crashing or slowing down. This is where scalability frameworks come into play.

## Section 2: What is Scalr?
Scalr is an open-source scalability framework that helps you scale your web applications horizontally. It provides a simple and powerful way to manage your application's infrastructure and ensure that it can handle increased traffic. Scalr supports various cloud platforms such as Amazon EC2, Rackspace, and DigitalOcean.

## Section 3: How does Scalr help in scaling a web application?
Scalr provides several features that help in scaling a web application:

1. Load Balancing: Scalr can configure a front-end NGINX load balancer to distribute incoming requests evenly across multiple servers.

2. Auto-Scaling: Scalr can automatically add or remove servers based on the current load, ensuring that the application can handle increased traffic without any downtime.

3. Server Management: Scalr can provision and manage servers on various cloud platforms, making it easier to scale your application horizontally.

4. Monitoring: Scalr provides monitoring tools to track the performance of your application and ensure that it is running smoothly.

## Section 4: Conclusion
In conclusion, Scalr is a powerful scalability framework that can help you scale your web application horizontally. By using Scalr, you can configure a front-end NGINX load balancer, set up auto-scaling, manage servers, and monitor your application's performance. With Scalr, you can ensure that your application can handle increased traffic without any downtime or performance issues.

Glossary:
- Scalability: The ability of a system or application to handle an increasing amount of work or users while maintaining its performance and reliability.
- Scalr: An open-source scalability framework that helps you scale your web applications horizontally.
- Load Balancing: Distributing incoming requests evenly across multiple servers to ensure that no single server becomes overloaded.
- Auto-Scaling: Adding or removing servers automatically based on the current load to ensure that the application can handle increased traffic without any downtime.
- Server Management: Provisioning and managing servers on various cloud platforms to make it easier to scale your application horizontally.
- Monitoring: Tracking the performance of your application to ensure that it is running smoothly.


text:
Long-term follow-up of the experimental replacement of the esophagus with a collagen-silicone composite tube.
This study investigated ways of preventing late stenosis after replacing the esophagus with a prosthetic device and increasing survival time in an animal model. In a previous study, the authors induced neoesophageal formation and re-epithelialization at an early stage, although stenosis in the chronic stage remained a problem, and long-term survival was prevented. The authors developed an artificial esophagus made from a collagen-silicone composite tube. The silicone tube (25 mm in diameter, 50 mm long, and 1 mm thick) was covered with collagen sponge (5 mm thick). The collagen sponge was intended to be replaced by host tissue, leading to neoesophageal regeneration. The authors thought stenosis was caused primarily by poor regeneration of submucosal tissue, rather than reepithelialization. Thus, they examined the grade of stenosis relative to the time the stent became dislodged. They concluded that the occurrence of stenosis after anastomosis depends upon the duration of stenting and that stenosis did not develop when the portion replaced by the artificial esophagus was stented for at least 4 weeks.

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson Title: The Importance of Regeneration in Esophageal Replacement

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of regeneration in esophageal replacement. We will explore the reasons behind stenosis, a common complication of esophageal replacement, and how it can be prevented. We will also examine the role of a collagen-silicone composite tube in preventing stenosis and increasing survival time in an animal model.

Section 1: What is Stenosis?
Stenosis is a narrowing or constriction of the esophagus, which can make it difficult for food and liquids to pass through. It is a common complication of esophageal replacement, where a prosthetic device is used to replace a damaged or diseased esophagus.

Section 2: Why does Stenosis Occur?
Stenosis occurs because the body's natural healing process does not keep up with the rapid growth of the new esophagus. This leads to a buildup of scar tissue, which narrows the esophagus and makes it difficult for food and liquids to pass through.

Section 3: How can Stenosis be Prevented?
The best way to prevent stenosis is to promote regeneration of the submucosal tissue. This can be done by using a collagen-silicone composite tube, which is covered with a layer of collagen sponge. The collagen sponge is intended to be replaced by host tissue, leading to neoesophageal regeneration.

Section 4: The Role of a Collagen-Silicone Composite Tube
A collagen-silicone composite tube has been shown to prevent stenosis in an animal model. The silicone tube is covered with a layer of collagen sponge, which is intended to be replaced by host tissue. This promotes neoesophageal regeneration and prevents the buildup of scar tissue that leads to stenosis.

Section 5: Conclusion
In conclusion, the prevention of stenosis after esophageal replacement depends on promoting regeneration of the submucosal tissue. A collagen-silicone composite tube can help achieve this by providing a scaffold for new tissue growth. By understanding the importance of regeneration in esophageal replacement, we can develop better treatments and improve the quality of life for patients who require this procedure.

Glossary:
- Stenosis: A narrowing or constriction of the esophagus
- Prosthetic device: A medical device used to replace a damaged or diseased organ
- Regeneration: The process of repairing and renewing damaged or lost tissue
- Collagen-silicone composite tube: A tube made from a combination of collagen and silicone
- Neoesophageal regeneration: The process of regrowing the esophagus using a scaffold of new tissue

[1] "Long-term follow-up of the experimental replacement of the esophagus with a collagen-silicone composite tube." Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Volume 89, Issue 6, Pages 977-982, June 1995.


text:
A small fire at the old Main Post Office over the weekend was caused by a passing or idling train that ignited built-up tar in a ventilation shaft, a Chicago Fire Department spokesman said this morning.

The blaze flared up the shaft of the long-closed building at 433 W. Van Buren St. and spread to the roof and 10th floor Friday night.

The old post office, closed in 1995, sits above portions of Union Station and its south platforms and tracks. The Fire Deparment's Office of Fire Investigations has determined that embers or flames from the stack of a train ignited tar and other byproducts that have built up in the shaft from years of trains passing and idling underneath, according to Fire Department spokesman Larry Langford.

The Fire Department, however, "reserves final judgment pending a full electrical and mechanical inspection of the ventilation system," Langford said in a statement.

Amtrak and the owner of the post office are already feuding over fumes from diesel trains. Amtrak says the fumes build up in Union Station because the building is poorly ventilated.

Earlier this month, Amtrak earlier this month sued the owner of the building -- International Property Developers North America Inc. -- claiming that “refusal to maintain its ventilation system below the Old Post Office" was exposing passengers to a heavy dose of fumes.

But International Property Developers North America said the fault was with Amtrak, blaming “trains idling for prolonged periods under the old post office.”

While a train appears to have ignited the weekend fire, Amtrak spokesman Marc Magliari noted that the allegations in the lawsuit include a lack of maintenance of the old post office ventilation system since IPD bought the building in 2009.

But Martin Mulryan, project manager for the IPD at the post office, said the ventilation system is regularly maintained. “The cleaning of soot and creosote is part of an ongoing maintenance issue and they are cleaned four times per year," Martin said in an email.

“IPD have staff at the building and are reviewing the cleaning regime this week to see if increasing the cleaning frequency would help,” he added.

However, just two days before the fire IPD “at the request of Union Station increased the ventilation ... and this increased ventilation may have helped keep burning embers alight,” he suggested.

Mulryan said trains need to “to shut down their engines. . .in the station” and eventually need to be replaced with more efficient trains with better control of flames from their stacks.

textbook:
Lesson: Causes of Fire

Introduction:
Fire is one of the most common hazards that we face in our daily lives. It can cause damage to property, injury, or even death. Understanding the causes of fire is essential to prevent them from happening. In this lesson, we will learn about the different causes of fire and how to prevent them.

Section 1: Types of Fires
There are different types of fires, and each type has a different cause. The three main types of fires are:

1. Class A fires: These fires involve ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper, cloth, and plastics. They are usually caused by heat, friction, or sparks.

2. Class B fires: These fires involve flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, and paint. They are usually caused by open flames or sparks.

3. Class C fires: These fires involve gases or liquids. They are usually caused by open flames, sparks, or friction.

Section 2: Causes of Fire
There are many causes of fire, but the most common ones are:

1. Heat: High temperatures can cause materials to ignite. For example, if a piece of wood gets too hot, it can catch fire.

2. Friction: Rubbing two materials together can create sparks, which can ignite a fire. For example, if you rub two sticks together, they can create sparks that can start a fire.

3. Chemical reactions: Some chemical reactions can produce heat, sparks, or flames, which can cause a fire. For example, if you mix certain chemicals together, they can create a reaction that produces heat and flames.

Section 3: Preventing Fires
There are several ways to prevent fires, including:

1. Keeping flammable materials away from heat sources: This means keeping flammable materials away from stoves, heaters, and other sources of heat.

2. Using caution when handling chemicals: If you need to work with chemicals, make sure you follow safety precautions to avoid sparks or flames.

3. Having working smoke detectors: Smoke detectors can alert you to a fire before it gets out of control. Make sure you have working smoke detectors in your home or workplace.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, understanding the causes of fire is essential to prevent them from happening. By knowing the different types of fires and their causes, we can take steps to prevent them from occurring. Remember to keep flammable materials away from heat sources, use caution when handling chemicals, and have working smoke detectors. By following these simple steps, we can reduce the risk of fire and keep ourselves and our property safe.


text: a stone is tossed from a bridge into the river below. its path is represented by h=-2t^2+7t+9 where h is height(in metres) and t is time (in seconds). a) what is the maximum height and how many seconds does it take to reach the maximum height?. b) how many seconds does it take for the stone to reach the water?

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Parabolic Motion

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
In this lesson, we will learn about parabolic motion, which is the path taken by an object thrown or dropped from a certain height. We will use the equation h=-2t^2+7t+9 to represent the height of a stone thrown from a bridge into a river. This equation is known as a parabola, which is a curve that opens upwards.

A parabola can be defined by its vertex, which is the highest point of the curve. The vertex of a parabola is given by the formula v = -a/2, where a is the coefficient of the quadratic term (-2 in our case). In this problem, the vertex is at t= -b/2a, which means that the maximum height occurs at t= -3/2*(-2), or t=3/4.

The maximum height is given by the formula h_max = a*t^2 + b*t + c, where c = 9 in our case. Therefore, h_max = -2t^2 + 7t + 9. At t=3/4, the maximum height is h_max = -2(3/4)^2 + 7(3/4) + 9 = 3m.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
Now let's apply these concepts to the problem at hand. We are given the equation h=-2t^2+7t+9 and asked to find the maximum height and the time it takes to reach the water.

First, we find the maximum height by plugging in t=3/4:
h_max = -2(3/4)^2 + 7(3/4) + 9 = 3m.

Next, we need to find the time it takes to reach the water. Since the stone is thrown from a bridge, we assume that it reaches the water when h=0. Using the equation h=-2t^2+7t+9, we can solve for t:
0 = -2t^2 + 7t + 9.

We can use the quadratic formula to solve for t:
t = (-b ± sqrt(b^2 - 4ac)) / 2a
t = (7 ± sqrt((-7)^2 - 4*(-2)*9)) / (2*(-2))
t = (7 ± sqrt(49 + 64)) / -4
t = (7 ± sqrt(113)) / -4

Since t represents time, it must be positive, so we take the positive square root:
t = (7 + sqrt(113)) / -4
t = 1/4 seconds.

So, it takes 1/4 seconds to reach the maximum height and 1/4 seconds to fall the remaining distance to the water.

## Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions
Now let's engage in a self-debating discussion. Suppose we throw the stone with an initial speed of 10 m/s instead of 5 m/s. How would this affect the time it takes to reach the maximum height and the time it takes to reach the water?

Let's first find the new maximum height. Using the same formula, we get:
h_max = -2t^2 + 7t + 9
h_max = -2(10)^2 + 7(10) + 9 = 17m.

Now let's find the new time it takes to reach the maximum height. Using the same formula, we get:
0 = -2t^2 + 7t + 9
t = (-7 ± sqrt((-7)^2 - 4*(-2)*9)) / (2*(-2))
t = (7 ± sqrt(49 + 64)) / -4
t = (7 ± sqrt(113)) / -4

Since t represents time, it must be positive, so we take the negative square root:
t = (7 - sqrt(113)) / -4
t = 1/2 seconds.

So, it takes 1/2 seconds to reach the maximum height and 1/2 seconds to fall the remaining distance to the water.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about parabolic motion and how to represent it mathematically. We applied these concepts to a real-world scenario and engaged in a self-debating discussion to understand how changing initial conditions affects the outcome. By understanding the principles of parabolic motion, we can apply them to other situations, such as projectile motion or the motion of objects in the universe.


text: Time for a Little Bit of Christmas. I think this time of year is hectic for everyone but I also think it is important to find time just to do something for yourself. I really wanted to make my own Christmas Cards this year and have shoe horned in some time when I didn’t want to risk working on one of the big drawings (mainly over breakfast or lunch) to start drawing my Covent Garden Reindeer.. I have only managed to make a start on him but sharing him with you always seems to help the process…..and he is very pretty.. Now…….when do you think I will get him finished ……anyone betting on this Christmas? 😉. 4 Comments. Erin. Oh wow this is excellent! I think your shading is lovely and you have really captured the life of the reindeer in the eye. I love it!. x. PamelaErin. Thank you….I hope he lives up to expectations. Trying to work out how to add a little sparkle when I am finished 🙂. Heather Townsend. He is beautiful!. PamelaHeather Townsend. Thank you Heather 🙂

textbook:
Lesson: How to Make Christmas Cards
Introduction:
Making your own Christmas cards can be a fun and rewarding activity. It's a great way to express your creativity and show your loved ones that you care. In this lesson, we will learn how to make a simple yet elegant Christmas card using watercolors.
Materials:
- Watercolor paper
- Watercolors
- Brushes
- White gouache or acrylic paint
- A stencil of a reindeer (optional)
- A stamp or stencil of a Christmas tree (optional)
- A stamp or stencil of a snowflake (optional)
- A stamp or stencil of a holly leaf (optional)
- A stamp or stencil of a ribbon (optional)
- A stamp or stencil of a sentiment (optional)
Instructions:
1. Start by sketching out your design on the watercolor paper. You can use a stencil to trace a reindeer, Christmas tree, snowflake, holly leaf, and ribbon onto the paper. Alternatively, you can freehand draw your design.
2. Once you have your design sketched out, use white gouache or acrylic paint to fill in the blank areas of your design. This will serve as a base for your watercolor painting.
3. Next, use watercolors to paint in your design. Be sure to use clean water to rinse your brush between colors to avoid muddying your colors.
4. Once you have painted in your design, let it dry completely.
5. Once your card is dry, you can add any final touches such as sentiments or additional details with a black pen or marker.
Conclusion:
Making your own Christmas cards can be a fun and rewarding activity. It's a great way to express your creativity and show your loved ones that you care. By following the instructions in this lesson, you can create a simple yet elegant Christmas card using watercolors. Remember to have fun and enjoy the process!
Glossary:
- Watercolor paper: A type of paper that is specifically designed for watercolor painting. It is made from wood pulp and has a high level of absorbency.
- Watercolors: A type of paint that is made from pigment suspended in a water-based solution. It is available in a wide range of colors and is easy to use.
- Brushes: A tool used to apply paint to a surface. There are many different types of brushes available, including flat brushes, round brushes, and fan brushes.
- Gouache: A type of opaque water-based paint that is similar to acrylic paint but has a smoother consistency.
- Stencil: A template used to create a design or pattern on a surface. It can be made from a variety of materials, including plastic, metal, or paper.
- Acrylic paint: A type of paint that is made from acrylic polymer emulsion. It is available in a wide range of colors and is easy to use.
- Sentiment: A phrase or saying that is used to convey a message or express a feeling. It can be used as a decorative element on a Christmas card.


text: . ARO Underwriting has signed a property owners’ distribution deal with fellow underwriting agency Broker Direct.. The deal will allow ARO to distribute its residential and commercial property owners’ products through Broker Direct’s 750 broker members.. The brokers now have access to ARO’s recently launched quote-and-buy system.. The range of products includes multi-property residential landlord, commercial property owners’, blocks of flats and unoccupied property cover.. Broker Direct chief executive Terry Stanley said: “I am delighted we have been able to agree access to the ARO product range for our brokers. They are competitive products, backed by A-rated security and serviced through a cutting edge, stand-alone quote-and-buy system.”. ARO managing director James Bright added: “We have an excellent relationship with Broker Direct which this exclusive further enhances.. “Because Broker Direct represents so many independent brokers, it is able to facilitate use of quality products such as the ARO range.”

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Underwriting

### Section 1: What is Underwriting?
Underwriting is the process of evaluating risks and determining the appropriate premiums for insurance policies. It involves analyzing various factors such as age, health, lifestyle, and location to assess the likelihood of a claim being made. The goal of underwriting is to ensure that the insurer is not taking on too much risk by providing coverage to individuals or businesses that are likely to make claims.

### Section 2: Types of Insurance Policies
There are several types of insurance policies that can be underwritten, including:

1. Life insurance: This policy provides financial protection to dependents in case of the policyholder's death.

2. Health insurance: This policy covers medical expenses, including hospitalization, surgeries, and medications.

3. Property insurance: This policy covers damage to property due to events such as fire, flood, or theft.

4. Liability insurance: This policy covers legal expenses and damages resulting from negligence or errors.

5. Disability insurance: This policy provides income replacement for individuals who are unable to work due to illness or injury.

### Section 3: The Role of Underwriters
Underwriters play a crucial role in the insurance industry. They use their knowledge and expertise to evaluate the risks associated with providing coverage to potential policyholders. They also determine the premiums that will be charged based on the level of risk.

### Section 4: Conclusion
Understanding the basics of underwriting is essential for anyone interested in pursuing a career in the insurance industry. By learning about the different types of insurance policies and the role of underwriters, you can gain a solid foundation for further study and success in this field.


text: Made to measure Events Would you like to organise an event in a beautiful location close to the beaches of Pampelonne and the centre of Saint-Tropez? Our 5-star hotel welcomes you and is available for your wedding, your birthday, communion or just for a party with your friends. Our team provides all the support you require in organising your event and helps to ensure that it will be a success for you and your family. Block book the hotel for complete privacy and enjoy its beautiful surroundings and its 150 m2 infinity pool. Our 26 rooms, suites and apartments offer plenty of space to accommodate all your loved ones. You can also delight your guests with exceptional cuisine by entrusting your menu to the chef of our restaurant l'Isoletta. + More details - Less details

textbook:
Lesson: Event Planning

Introduction:
Event planning is the process of organizing and coordinating the details of an event to achieve a specific goal. It involves identifying the purpose of the event, determining the target audience, and creating a plan to execute the event successfully. In this lesson, we will learn about the core values of event planning, including budgeting, scheduling, and marketing.

Core Value: Budgeting
Budgeting is one of the most important aspects of event planning. It involves estimating the cost of all the elements of the event, such as venue rental, catering, decorations, and entertainment. A well-planned budget ensures that the event stays within financial limits and avoids overspending. It also helps to prioritize expenses and allocate resources effectively.

Core Value: Scheduling
Scheduling involves creating a timeline for the event, including when activities will take place and when attendees are expected to arrive and depart. It requires careful consideration of the event's duration, pacing, and flow to ensure that everything runs smoothly and efficiently. A well-planned schedule also allows for contingency planning in case of unforeseen circumstances.

Core Value: Marketing
Marketing is the process of promoting the event to potential attendees. It involves creating a brand identity, developing a marketing strategy, and utilizing various channels to reach the target audience. A well-executed marketing plan increases awareness of the event, generates interest, and drives attendance.

Theoretical Concepts:
- Identify the purpose of the event and determine the target audience.
- Research and compare prices for venue rental, catering, decorations, and entertainment.
- Develop a timeline that includes all activities and attendee arrival and departure times.
- Create a marketing plan that includes a brand identity, marketing strategy, and channels for reaching the target audience.

Questions and Answers:
Q: Why is budgeting important in event planning?
A: Budgeting helps to stay within financial limits and prioritize expenses effectively.
Q: What is scheduling in event planning?
A: Scheduling involves creating a timeline for the event, including when activities will take place and when attendees are expected to arrive and depart.
Q: What is marketing in event planning?
A: Marketing is the process of promoting the event to potential attendees.

Practical Examples:
- If you are planning a birthday party for your child, start by identifying the purpose of the event (celebrate the child's birthday) and determining the target audience (family and friends). Research and compare prices for a venue, catering, decorations, and entertainment. Develop a timeline that includes all activities, such as setting up the decorations, serving food, and playing games. Create a marketing plan that includes a brand identity (e.g., "Sophie's Magical Unicorn Birthday Party") and channels for reaching the target audience (e.g., social media, email invitations).
- If you are planning a corporate event for your company, start by identifying the purpose of the event (to strengthen team relationships) and determining the target audience (employees). Research and compare prices for a venue, catering, decorations, and entertainment. Develop a timeline that includes all activities, such as welcome remarks, team-building exercises, and a keynote speaker. Create a marketing plan that includes a brand identity (e.g., "Team Building at XYZ Corporation") and channels for reaching the target audience (e.g., company intranet, email invitations).

Definitions of Purpose:
- Budgeting: The process of estimating the cost of all the elements of the event and allocating resources effectively.
- Scheduling: The process of creating a timeline for the event, including when activities will take place and when attendees are expected to arrive and depart.
- Marketing: The process of promoting the event to potential attendees through various channels.

Glossary:
- Venue: A location where an event takes place.
- Catering: The provision of food and drink for an event.
- Decorations: Items used to enhance the ambiance of an event.
- Entertainment: Activities designed to provide enjoyment and amusement for attendees.

Conclusion:
Event planning is a complex process that requires careful consideration of various aspects, including budgeting, scheduling, and marketing. By following the core values of event planning, you can create a successful event that meets your goals and exceeds the expectations of your attendees.


text:
The Church and the Charter: the forgotten roots of Magna Carta

The popular story of the Magna Carta – of rebel barons forcing the hand of the tyrannical King John – is well known. But what is often lost in the tale of Bad King John is the crucial role played by Christianity in the formation and preservation of 'The Great Charter of the Liberties of England'.

Despite their importance to the history of the Magna Carta, neither the practical contribution of the church, nor the principled contribution of Christian theology, have received much attention beyond relatively small academic circles. The Church and the Charter puts these forgotten Christian contributions right back at the heart of the Magna Carta’s story. In exploring the difficult historical relationship between the religious and secular authorities in England, it assesses how and why the church helped place certain limits on the powers of the English monarch. In practical terms, it demonstrates the role played by the 'new Becket', Archbishop Stephen Langton, who was so crucial to both the emergence and the survival of the 1215 Magna Carta. More significantly, however, it explores the ideological relationship between Christian theology and the most celebrated of the ideas that came to be enshrined in the Magna Carta – ideas about the importance of due process, the legitimation of arbitration in the affairs of the king, and the extension of rights language to all free men. It argues that these were notions rooted, not in secular thought, but in a medieval theology that had been profoundly affected by the development of canon law.

In the year in which we mark its 800th anniversary, The Church and the Charter shows that the Magna Carta is a document shaped by the history of religious thought, just as much as it is an expression of 'secular' demands. And it deserves to be remembered and celebrated as such – as a seminal document in the development of political thought that owes a great debt to both the political clout of the English church, and to the ideological reflections of Christian theology.

textbook:
Lesson: The Magna Carta and Christianity

Introduction:
The Magna Carta, also known as "The Great Charter of the Liberties of England," is one of the most important documents in legal history. It was signed in 1215 by King John of England, under pressure from a group of barons who wanted to limit his power. However, the role of Christianity in the formation and preservation of the Magna Carta is often overlooked. This lesson will explore the forgotten Christian roots of the Magna Carta, including the practical and ideological contributions of the Church.

Section 1: The Practical Contribution of the Church

The Church played a significant role in the creation of the Magna Carta. One of the most important figures in this process was Archbishop Stephen Langton, who was instrumental in negotiating the agreement between King John and the barons. The Church had its own legal system, which was separate from the king's law. This meant that the Church could act as a check on the king's power, and the barons saw this as an advantageous alliance.

The Magna Carta included several clauses that were directly related to the Church. For example, clause 13 stated that the Church would be free from any taxes or other payments, except those that were customary before 1199. This was significant because it prevented the king from seizing Church property or imposing new taxes on the clergy.

Section 2: The Ideological Contribution of Christianity

The Magna Carta was not just a practical document; it was also a statement of principles. Christianity played a significant role in shaping these principles, particularly through the idea of natural law. According to this concept, certain rights and freedoms are inherent in all people, regardless of their social status or the laws of the land. These rights come from God, not from the king or any other human authority.

The Magna Carta itself refers to natural law several times, including in clause 40, which states that no free man shall be imprisoned, dispossessed, or destroyed, except by the lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land. This idea of natural law was rooted in Christian theology, which taught that all people are created equal in the eyes of God and have certain inalienable rights.

Section 3: The Role of Archbishop Stephen Langton

Archbishop Stephen Langton was one of the most important figures in the creation of the Magna Carta. He was a scholar who had studied in Paris and was familiar with the latest ideas in European law and theology. The barons recognized that he had the knowledge and the authority to act as an impartial mediator between them and the king.

Langton played a crucial role in drafting the Magna Carta and ensuring that it was accepted by both the barons and the king. He also helped to ensure that the document was enforced after it was signed, by excommunicating King John when he violated its provisions.

Conclusion:

The Magna Carta was a groundbreaking document that limited the power of the king and established the principle that all people have certain rights and freedoms that come from God. The practical and ideological contributions of the Church were essential to the creation and preservation of this important document. By studying the role of Christianity in the Magna Carta, we can gain a deeper understanding of the history of human rights and the importance of protecting individual liberties.


text:
The Winklevoss twins have just launched a stable coin on their Gemini platform. It is the first of such products to receive approval from a financial regulator.

Gemini Dollar Gets Blessing from the New York Department of Financial Services

Tyler and Cameron Winklevoss continue to champion the cause of cryptocurrency, despite the declines in prices and public interest so far in 2018. Their latest product is a stable coin, which aims to represent the value of the U.S. dollar. To achieve this, each unit of the currency will be backed by money deposited in the State Street bank.

The Gemini dollar has been built on the Ethereum network. According to CNBC, the pair are hoping that the new coin will help to bridge the gap between digital assets and traditional banking. It will allow users to convert U.S. dollars to the new Gemini dollars in order to move value quickly, and transparency around the world. Tyler Winklevoss spoke to the publication in a telephone interview:

“It is really a matter of bringing your U.S. dollars on to the blockchain and making them borderless 24/7.”

Efforts at stable coins have been attempted before. The most famous example is the controversial USD Tether (USDT) coin. However, many accuse Bitfinex, the company behind USDT of dubious practices owing to the fact it refuses to undergo a full audit.

The difference between the Winklevoss coin and USDT is that the Gemini dollar has already been approved by the New York Department of Financial Services. This makes it the first stable coin to receive such regulatory backing. Tyler explained:

“I don’t think any of the offerings do adequate job in solving the trust problem. This [Gemini dollar] is the world’s first regulated stable coin.”

The twins believe that having such a stable coin will allow more people to actually use cryptocurrency for payments. They argue that Bitcoin is more like gold since its properties of scarcity encourage investors to hoard it away in the hope that it gains value. They also cite the current volatility of existing cryptocurrencies as a barrier to their widespread use:

“If something is a good store of value, you don’t want to spend it… If you buy something with Bitcoin or Ether you could be dramatically under or overpaying.”

It is believed that the Gemini dollar will be much more of a currency than a tool for traders. Previous efforts at stable coins, such as Tether, have been used by traders to exit positions in crypto to allow them to buy in again and lower prices and increase their stack. The twins are hoping that the Gemini dollar will be used to make global payments too.

The CEO of Genesis Global Trading, Michael Moro, sees potential in the idea. He states that the premise of stable coins offers much more usability as a medium of exchange:

“Right now they’re purely used on exchanges (arbitrage or crypto-to-crypto trading), but I think their potential use cases are much greater than just that.”

Featured image from Shutterstock.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Stable Coins

### Section 1: What is a Stable Coin?

A stable coin is a type of cryptocurrency that is designed to maintain a stable value relative to another asset or currency, typically a national currency like the US dollar. Stable coins aim to provide the benefits of cryptocurrencies, such as decentralization and lower transaction fees, while minimizing the price volatility often associated with other digital currencies.

### Section 2: How does a Stable Coin work?

Stable coins work by being backed by a reserve asset, such as a national currency, commodity, or even another cryptocurrency. This reserve asset is held in a reserve account, and the amount of stable coins in circulation is supposed to be equivalent to the amount of reserve assets held. The value of the stable coin is then pegged to the value of the reserve asset, ensuring stability in its price.

### Section 3: Why use a Stable Coin?

Stable coins offer several advantages over other types of cryptocurrencies. Firstly, they provide price stability, which can be attractive to merchants and consumers who may not want to deal with the fluctuations in value that come with other cryptocurrencies. Secondly, stable coins can facilitate faster and cheaper transactions than traditional banking methods. Finally, stable coins can be used to store value in a decentralized manner, without the need for intermediaries like banks.

### Section 4: Example of a Stable Coin

One example of a stable coin is Tether (USDT). Tether is backed by the US dollar, and its value is pegged to the US dollar. This means that for every Tether token issued, there is a corresponding US dollar held in reserve. Tether is designed to provide the benefits of cryptocurrencies, such as fast and cheap transactions, while maintaining a stable value relative to the US dollar.

### Section 5: Conclusion

Stable coins offer an interesting and innovative solution to the problem of price volatility in cryptocurrencies. By being backed by a reserve asset, stable coins can provide a stable store of value and a means of payment that is not subject to the same level of price fluctuations as other cryptocurrencies. As the use of cryptocurrencies continues to grow, stable coins are likely to play an increasingly important role in the world of finance.


text:
Polar lipids and fatty acids of three wild cyanobacterial strains of the genus Chroococcidiopsis.
The occurrence of n-saturated, branched, and unsaturated fatty acids of 3 wild terrestrial strains of the genus Chroococcidiopsis (Order Chroococcales): C. supralittoralis, C. umbratilis, and C. versatilis collected from Lake Kinneret, Dead Sea, and Ein Kerem (Jerusalem) was investigated and individual compounds identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Polar lipids also were examined. Among polar lipids (studied using two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography) were as major glycolipids isolated: monogalactosyl-diacylglycerols, digalactosyl-diacylglycerols, 6-sulfoquinovosyl-diacylglycerols and phosphatidylglycerol. Nonphosphorus betaine-containing lipid, viz. N,N,N-trimethylhomoserin-4-O-yl-diacylglycerol, was found for the first time in cyanobacterial species.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Lipids in Cyanobacteria

**Objective:** To introduce students to the concept of lipids in cyanobacteria and their importance in the field of biology.

**Glossary:**
- Lipids: A class of organic molecules that are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents.
- Cyanobacteria: A group of bacteria that obtain their energy through photosynthesis and are capable of producing oxygen.
- Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS): An analytical technique used to identify individual compounds in a mixture.
- Thin-layer chromatography (TLC): A technique used to separate and analyze mixtures of compounds.

**Section 1: Introduction to Lipids in Cyanobacteria**

Lipids are an essential component of all living organisms, including cyanobacteria. They are responsible for storing energy, providing structural support, and acting as signaling molecules. In this lesson, we will explore the different types of lipids found in cyanobacteria and their roles in the organism.

**Section 2: Types of Lipids in Cyanobacteria**

Cyanobacteria contain several types of lipids, including:

1. Phospholipids: These lipids form the cell membrane and provide a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell.
2. Glycolipids: These lipids are found on the surface of the cell and play a role in cell recognition and communication.
3. Steroids: These lipids are involved in regulating gene expression and cell growth.
4. Fatty acids: These lipids are used as an energy source and can also be stored in the form of triglycerides.

**Section 3: Polar Lipids in Cyanobacteria**

Polar lipids are lipids that cannot be classified as phospholipids, glycolipids, or steroids. They include:

1. Monogalactosyl-diacylglycerols: These lipids are found in the plasma membrane and play a role in cell recognition.
2. Digalactosyl-diacylglycerols: These lipids are also found in the plasma membrane and are involved in cell adhesion.
3. 6-Sulfoquinovosyl-diacylglycerols: These lipids are involved in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation.
4. Phosphatidylglycerol: This lipid is a component of the plasma membrane and plays a role in maintaining membrane integrity.

**Section 4: Practical Application**

Understanding the role of lipids in cyanobacteria is important for several reasons. For example, some cyanobacteria produce toxic compounds called cyanotoxins, which can contaminate water sources and pose a risk to human health. By studying the lipids in these organisms, scientists can gain insights into their metabolic pathways and develop strategies for reducing the production of these toxins.

**Conclusion:**

In conclusion, this lesson has introduced students to the concept of lipids in cyanobacteria and their importance in the field of biology. Students have learned about the different types of lipids found in cyanobacteria, including polar lipids, and their roles in the organism. They have also explored the practical applications of this knowledge, such as understanding the metabolic pathways of cyanobacteria and developing strategies for reducing the production of toxic compounds.


text: Today’s societal challenges require mission-driven innovations. Chemical industries in the Dutch Top Sector ChemistryNL have initiated many innovations to address such challenges. They do so through multi-disciplinary and cross-sectoral work in the fields of health, energy, industry, recycling, plastics and transport.. Why Chemistry in the Netherlands. Chemistry in the Netherlands is at the heart of Europe’s largest chemistry cluster. It has world-class universities, an international industry, and a strong logistic position. Together they cooperate with the government to support vibrant innovative communities with a can-do mentality. ChemistryNL seeks partnerships with other leaders in sustainability, emission reduction and responsible care. The sector has an entrepreneurial, inventive spirit and international outlook. All this makes chemistry in the Netherlands a highly attractive partner in worldwide innovations.. Discover more about Dutch chemistry at Top Sector Chemistry.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Innovation in Chemistry

## Section 1: What is Innovation in Chemistry?
Innovation in chemistry refers to the development of new products, processes, or services that improve the quality of life and contribute to the growth of society. It involves the use of creativity, knowledge, and technology to create something new and valuable.

## Section 2: Why is Innovation in Chemistry Important?
Innovation in chemistry is important because it helps address some of the world's most pressing challenges, such as climate change, food security, and healthcare. By developing new materials, processes, and technologies, chemists can help reduce our impact on the environment, create more sustainable products, and improve the health and well-being of people around the world.

## Section 3: How does Innovation in Chemistry Work?
Innovation in chemistry typically follows a process of research, development, and commercialization. First, chemists identify a problem or opportunity and conduct research to understand the underlying science and technology. Then, they develop new materials, processes, or technologies to solve the problem or take advantage of the opportunity. Finally, they commercialize their innovations by bringing them to market and making them available to customers.

## Section 4: Examples of Innovation in Chemistry
There are many examples of innovation in chemistry, including:
- Developing new drugs to treat diseases such as cancer and diabetes
- Creating more sustainable materials for building and construction
- Developing new methods for producing renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power
- Creating new agricultural chemicals that help farmers grow crops more efficiently and with fewer environmental impacts

## Section 5: Conclusion
Innovation in chemistry is essential for addressing some of the most pressing challenges facing our world today. By developing new materials, processes, and technologies, chemists can help create a more sustainable, healthy, and prosperous future for all.


text: Lina Wolff is a Swede who has lived and worked in Italy and Spain. During her years in Valencia and Madrid, she began to write her short story collection Many People Die Like You. Her novel, Bret Easton Ellis and the Other Dogs, was awarded the prestigious Vi magazine literature prize, given to writers to watch out for,.. ‘The author demonstrates a marvelous command of language and creates characters with real depth, lending the book a sensual vibe and an acerbic wit that force its emotional truths to rise above the grunge of its hard-boiled setting.” – Kirkus Reviews. . “As a prose writer, Wolff amazes us once again with the rare ability to draw the reader straight in. There are authors that need to summon all their skill to describe the cafe around the corner. Others have it in their blood, unfair as that may seem.” Salka Hallstrom Bornold, Expressen. “Lina Wolff’s exuberance and narrative zest are exquisite. This is simply good writing.” Rebecka Ahlund, Boras Tidning

textbook:
Lesson: Writing a Novel

Introduction:
Writing a novel is an art that requires creativity, patience, and dedication. In this lesson, we will explore the process of writing a novel by analyzing the work of Lina Wolff, a Swedish writer who has written several novels and short stories. We will examine her writing style, themes, and techniques to understand how she crafted her stories.

Section 1: Writing Style

Lina Wolff's writing style is characterized by her use of vivid imagery, witty dialogue, and a unique voice that captures the essence of her characters. She often uses metaphors and similes to create a sense of atmosphere and mood in her writing. For example, in her novel "Bret Easton Ellis and the Other Dogs," she describes the setting as follows:

"It was as if the city had been built on a foundation of dust and grime, with the occasional burst of color from a stray flower or a splash of graffiti."

This sentence paints a vivid picture of the city's landscape, which sets the tone for the rest of the novel.

Discussion:
What techniques does Wolff use to create a sense of atmosphere and mood in her writing? How do these techniques affect the reader's experience?

Section 2: Themes

Lina Wolff's writing often explores themes such as identity, love, loss, and the human condition. In her novel "Many People Die Like You," she writes about a group of people who are struggling to find their place in the world. The characters are all searching for something - whether it's love, success, or purpose - and their journeys are filled with disappointment, heartache, and self-discovery.

Discussion:
What themes does Wolff explore in her writing? How do these themes resonate with readers?

Section 3: Techniques

One of the most notable techniques that Wolff uses in her writing is her ability to create complex characters who are flawed and relatable. She often uses dialogue to reveal her characters' inner thoughts and motivations, which makes them feel more realistic and human. Additionally, Wolff is skilled at building tension and suspense throughout her stories, which keeps readers engaged and invested in the outcome.

Discussion:
How does Wolff create complex and relatable characters? What techniques does she use to build tension and suspense?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, writing a novel is a challenging but rewarding task that requires a combination of creativity, skill, and dedication. By examining the work of Lina Wolff, we can gain insight into the art of novel writing and learn from her techniques, themes, and style. By applying these lessons to our own writing, we can create compelling stories that resonate with readers and leave a lasting impact.

Glossary:
- Atmosphere: the surrounding environment or mood created by a particular place or situation
- Mood: a feeling or emotion that is created in the reader by the writing style or subject matter
- Metaphor: a figure of speech that compares two unlike things without using the words "like" or "as"
- Simile: a figure of speech that compares two unlike things using the words "like" or "as"
- Voice: the distinctive style or manner in which a writer expresses themselves through their writing.


text: <<. AnnaSeptember 3, 2017 at 9:36 am (5 years ago). How to they hold up in the microwave? I’m thinking about making them for work lunches, and that’s all I’ll have to reheat themReply. Sue RichardsJuly 12, 2021 at 6:10 am (12 months ago). Hi! Just discovered your site when I looked for decluttering tips. The vegetarian recipes are icing on the cake.Reply. I’m confused about the reference and link to “natural casing sausages”, which seems to be the intestines and, umm, ‘bungholes’ of various animals.. Thanks.. I Spy Plum Pie (admin)July 12, 2021 at 6:11 pm (12 months ago). Thanks for alerting me to that – looks like some sneaky spam made it through! I have fixed it now. Glad to hear you’re enjoying the decluttering tips and recipes!

textbook:
## Lesson: How to Make Vegetarian Sausages
### Introduction
Making vegetarian sausages is a fun and easy way to enjoy delicious, healthy meals. In this lesson, we will learn how to make vegetarian sausages from scratch using simple ingredients. We will cover the basics of sausage making, including ingredients, equipment, and techniques. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to make your own vegetarian sausages at home with confidence.
### Materials
- Ground meat substitute (such as textured vegetable protein or TVP)
- Spices (such as garlic powder, onion powder, fennel seeds, and black pepper)
- Nutritional yeast
- Olive oil
- Casings (such as hog casings or collagen casings)
- Stuffing tube
- Refrigerator
- Freezer


text:
DOAX 3 – The Perfect Free To Play Candidate?

Game developers all seem to be scrambling to create the next and greatest free to play title. It’s no wonder with some of the top grossing and most popular games coming from the free to play sector. The success of games like League of Legends, DOTA 2 and World of Tanks are testament to the success of the model. It’s no surprise then than in the next generation, console manufacturers are embracing this new form of game marketing and actively pursuing free to play titles for their platforms.

FTP is a concept relatively new to the console sector though and many companies are only just now taking their first formative steps into this new world. Namco recently launched Tekken: Revolution, the FTP model of their incredibly successful fighting franchise. Dust 514 has proven to be successful and DC Universe Online boasts that around 70% of its more than 10 million player accounts are on the Playstation platform. More than just cashing in on popular franchises though, free to play offers console developers a chance to re-visit cult titles and spin offs without the huge overhead costs traditionally associated with developing a console title.

“I’ve been hearing that there isn’t much of a demand for the DOAX series at the moment. But if the fans have a strong desire to see it, we’d love to hear those thoughts

It is with this is mind I propose that Tecmo is sitting on one of the most potentially lucrative free to play licenses available, Dead or Alive Xtreme. A lot of people write this series off as a shallow perve, not worthy of the time to play or develop. But sit down and try to play it and you will find it’s relationship systems have a hidden level of complexity, and it’s huge array of content would keep any completionist busy for a long time.

When asked about the future of the Xtreme spinoff franchise, head of Team Ninja Yosuke Hayashi had this to say, “I’ve been hearing that there isn’t much of a demand for the DOAX series at the moment. But if the fans have a strong desire to see it, we’d love to hear those thoughts directed to our official Twitter account @TeamNINJAStudio.”

Putting this series as free to play on both next gen consoles makes a great deal of sense. It’s content squarely targets the consoles key launch demographic of males 15-35. It’s gameplay is designed around casual, shorter play sessions and the whole concept of the series is to unlock more and more content.

A free to play title is an effective advertising vehicle for their other key franchises as well. Let’s assume Ninja Gaiden 4 is coming out soon. Throw a Ninja Gaiden 4 related swimsuit in the game, maybe make a Ninja Gaiden 4 themed beach available to play on. Make these things available for a limited time and they serve the double purpose of advertising your upcoming title as well as giving your existing DOAX players some rare, limited edition items for their collection, making them far more attached to your product.

So how would it work? I examine two of the possible options, but there are far more and variations of all the options as well.

Lets start with the traditional free to play model. This game could launch with an initial roster of 4 – 6 playable characters with around 5 swimsuits available per character. Coins could be awarded per win against either cpu or online and those coins can be used to unlock more content. Additional content could be characters, swimsuits, hair designs or mini games. Maybe include decorative items or upgrades to customise your Zack Island hotel room. As in most free games Tecmo’s income would come in the form of selling coin packs so people could unlock this content without having to take the time to play hundreds and hundreds of games of Volleyball or whatever minigame is included in the title.

The other, more preferable, option is to go down a similar path to DOTA2 and include all characters playable from the start, give away costumes at random after games which then need to be traded with other players in order to complete your set. Random ‘Zack Gifts’ awarded after games, that can only be opened with a key purchased from the Zack store for real money, could contain rare and hard to get outfits or decorations. This model opens up to creating seasonal items, only available for short periods and allows consumers to see their digital items increase in value once the are no longer attainable through the game anymore. Your hotel room becomes a place other players can visit to view your collection and offer to trade items with you.

Now I know dedicated DOAX fans will be saying, but the depth of the game is in the trading of swimsuits and breeding a relationship with your partner. I agree totally. Trying to get Kasumi to accept the Venus is something I am still yet to achieve in the original DOAX. Well there is no reason that it can’t still be this way. Should you unlock an outfit it should appear in that characters store only and then have to be traded like normal before other characters can wear it. Although an enterprising company would offer a ‘guaranteed acceptance’ for the cost of more in game currency.

As time goes on all Tecmo would need to do is release more and more content to generate more and more income. The salary of a few dedicated artists to design new content would surely be dwarfed by earnings drawn in by people purchasing new content. You only need to look at the plethora of DLC available for Dead or Alive 5 to understand that gamers are buying outfits, and for a lot more money that a free to play micro transaction.

textbook:
Lesson: The Basics of Free-to-Play Gaming

Introduction:
Free-to-play (FTP) gaming is a popular business model in the gaming industry. It allows players to access a game without paying any upfront cost, but they can choose to purchase in-game items or currency to enhance their gaming experience. This lesson will cover the basics of FTP gaming, including its benefits, challenges, and best practices.

Section 1: Benefits of FTP Gaming

FTP gaming offers several benefits to both game developers and players. Here are some of the benefits:

1. Accessibility: FTP gaming allows players to try out a game before deciding whether to purchase it. This increases the accessibility of the game to a wider audience.

2. Revenue: FTP gaming generates revenue through in-game purchases. Players who enjoy the game can choose to spend money on items or currency that enhance their gaming experience.

3. Community building: FTP gaming encourages social interaction among players. Players can connect with each other, share tips, and collaborate to progress through the game.

Section 2: Challenges of FTP Gaming

Despite its benefits, FTP gaming also presents several challenges to game developers. Here are some of the challenges:

1. Monetization: FTP gaming requires careful monetization strategies to balance the need to keep players engaged while generating revenue.

2. Balancing gameplay: Game developers must ensure that the game remains fun and engaging for players who do not wish to spend money on in-game purchases.

3. Regulatory issues: FTP gaming raises concerns about fairness and addiction. Game developers must ensure that their games are fair and do not promote addictive behavior.

Section 3: Best Practices for FTP Gaming

To overcome the challenges of FTP gaming and maximize its benefits, game developers should follow these best practices:

1. Create a well-designed in-game economy: Game developers should create an in-game economy that provides value for players who choose to spend money while maintaining the game's balance for non-paying players.

2. Offer a variety of in-game items: Game developers should offer a wide range of in-game items that cater to different types of players and playstyles.

3. Provide clear and transparent information: Game developers should provide clear and transparent information about the game's monetization strategy and in-game purchases.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, FTP gaming is a popular business model that offers several benefits to both game developers and players. However, it also presents several challenges that game developers must overcome. By following the best practices outlined in this lesson, game developers can create successful FTP games that provide a fun and engaging gaming experience for players.

Glossary:
- Free-to-play (FTP): A business model where players can access a game without paying any upfront cost, but they can choose to purchase in-game items or currency to enhance their gaming experience.
- In-game items: Virtual goods or items that players can purchase within a game to enhance their gaming experience.
- In-game currency: A virtual currency that players can use to purchase in-game items or upgrades.
- Monetization: The process of generating revenue from a game.
- Addiction: A compulsive need to play a game to the exclusion of all other activities.


text: Co-working space opens to the public with desks, shopping and food. Work & Lifestyle. WeWork expands on the idea of co-working space by welcoming the public. WeWork has launched a new combination co-working space with retail and food called Made By We. It is located in New York City’s Flatiron neighbourhood. It is open to the public and anyone can book a desk or meeting space. There are nearly 100 seats available that can be booked on-demand or by pre-booking via the website. Made By We also offers meeting spaces for groups of four to 10 people.. Made By We doubles as a shop, which sells clothes, snacks, and other products made by members of the “We community.” There’s also a cafe. The idea, according to the company, is to be not just a workplace but also a community.. 13th March 2019. Website:. Contact: joinus@wework.com

textbook:
Lesson: Co-Working Spaces
Introduction:
Co-working spaces are becoming increasingly popular among freelancers, entrepreneurs, and remote workers. They offer a professional work environment without the need for a long-term lease or commitment. In this lesson, we will explore what co-working spaces are, their benefits, and how they differ from traditional office spaces.
Section 1: What are Co-Working Spaces?
Co-working spaces are shared work environments where individuals from different companies or industries work together in a common area. These spaces provide a flexible and cost-effective alternative to traditional office spaces.
Benefits of Co-Working Spaces:
- Flexibility: Members can use the space on a part-time or full-time basis, depending on their needs.
- Networking: Co-working spaces bring together individuals from different industries, providing opportunities for networking and collaboration.
- Cost-Effective: Members only pay for the space and resources they need, avoiding the costs associated with a traditional office lease.
- Creative Environment: Co-working spaces often have unique and creative designs that encourage innovation and productivity.
Section 2: How do Co-Working Spaces Differ from Traditional Office Spaces?
Co-working spaces differ from traditional office spaces in several ways:
- Space: Co-working spaces are typically designed to be open and collaborative, with shared work areas, common spaces, and private offices.
- Membership: Co-working spaces offer flexible membership options that allow members to use the space on a part-time or full-time basis.
- Community: Co-working spaces often have a strong sense of community, with events and activities designed to bring members together.
- Services: Co-working spaces often offer additional services, such as printing, copying, and mail handling, that are not typically offered in traditional office spaces.
Section 3: Examples of Co-Working Spaces
Some popular examples of co-working spaces include:
- WeWork: WeWork operates co-working spaces in major cities around the world. They offer private offices, dedicated desks, and shared workspaces.
- Regus: Regus operates over 3,000 co-working spaces in 120 countries. They offer flexible workspace solutions for individuals and teams of all sizes.
- Impact Hub: Impact Hub is a global network of co-working spaces that focuses on social impact and sustainability. They offer co-working spaces, private offices, and event spaces.
Conclusion:
Co-working spaces offer a flexible and cost-effective alternative to traditional office spaces. They provide a professional work environment while allowing members to network and collaborate with others in their industry. As the demand for co-working spaces continues to grow, it is essential to understand the benefits and differences between co-working spaces and traditional office spaces.


text: Welcome To Susan Gunn Solutions. Susan Gunn is a professional practice’s Financial Organization Expert.. Susan has worked with thousands of professional practices around the world, advising and guiding them on how to implement sound business practices.. Through hundreds of speaking engagements at conventions and study clubs,. Through thousands of online consulting appointments,. Through thirty-six books and hundreds of articles written,. All have been developed to help practices better manage their business.. Her tools?. Knowledge, wisdom, patience, listening. And her heart's desire is to share them with you for your success.

textbook:
Lesson Title: The Importance of Business Practices for Professional Practices

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of business practices for professional practices. We will cover topics such as financial management, marketing, and client communication. By the end of this lesson, you will understand why these practices are essential for the success of any professional practice.

Section 1: Financial Management

Topic 1: Why is financial management important for professional practices?
Financial management is crucial for any business, including professional practices. It involves planning, organizing, and controlling financial resources to achieve financial goals. Without proper financial management, a practice may struggle to keep up with expenses, make informed decisions, and grow the business.

Topic 2: How can professional practices improve their financial management?
Professional practices can improve their financial management by implementing systems and processes that track income and expenses, create budgets, and monitor cash flow. They should also consider hiring a bookkeeper or accountant to help with financial tasks. Additionally, practices should regularly review their financial performance and make adjustments as needed.

Section 2: Marketing

Topic 1: Why is marketing important for professional practices?
Marketing is essential for professional practices because it helps attract new clients and retain existing ones. A strong marketing strategy can differentiate a practice from its competitors and establish its brand identity.

Topic 2: What are some effective marketing strategies for professional practices?
Some effective marketing strategies for professional practices include creating a website, using social media, writing blogs or articles, attending networking events, and offering free consultations. These strategies can help practices build credibility, showcase their expertise, and connect with potential clients.

Section 3: Client Communication

Topic 1: Why is client communication important for professional practices?
Client communication is vital for professional practices because it builds trust and establishes relationships with clients. Effective communication can also help resolve conflicts and ensure client satisfaction.

Topic 2: How can professional practices improve their client communication?
Professional practices can improve their client communication by being responsive, transparent, and empathetic. They should also establish clear communication channels and set expectations for how and when clients can expect to hear back from the practice. Additionally, practices should regularly assess their communication methods and make adjustments as needed.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, business practices are essential for the success of any professional practice. By implementing sound financial management, marketing, and client communication strategies, practices can differentiate themselves from competitors, establish their brand identity, and build long-lasting relationships with clients. The skills and knowledge gained from this lesson can be applied to various scenarios and scenarios in the future.


text:
The ultrastructural histochemistry and stereoscanning electron microscopy of the rodent and amphibian surfactant systems.
Ultrastructural histochemical precedures were employed to determine the carbohydrate components and their contributions to the rodent and amphibian surfactant systems. Zirconium stained the rodent (rat) cytoplasm surrounding the multilamellar bodies, the Golgi, and was associated with the membrane structures of the compact lamellae of alveolar multilamellar bodies. In the rodent and amphibian (Rana pipiens), ruthenium red stain was observed within all tubular myelin surfactant matricies. The "gutters," tubular myelin surfactant matrix, and intratubular myelin surfactant matrix materials all demonstrated a positive reaction product. The periodic acid-chromic acid-silver procedure revealed irregular channels extending from the multilamellar bodies to the surface of the rodent great alveolar pneumocyte. The extra-pulmonary and respiratory surfaces in both species were additionally studied by stereoscanning electron microscopy. The respiratory anatomy of the rodent was corroborated. The amphibian lung demonstrated three orders of septa, and in the expired state, tertiary septal pits. The amphibian primary septa were hollow, blind tubules containing respiratory surfaces.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Ultrastructural Histochemistry and Stereoscanning Electron Microscopy in Biology

Introduction:
In biology, ultrastructural histochemistry and stereoscanning electron microscopy are essential techniques used to study the structure and function of cells and tissues. These techniques involve the use of specialized equipment and procedures to visualize and analyze samples at the cellular and molecular levels. In this lesson, we will explore the principles of these techniques and their applications in understanding the surfactant systems of rodents and amphibians.

Section 1: Ultrastructural Histochemistry
Ultrastructural histochemistry is a technique that uses specialized dyes and stains to visualize the structure and composition of cells and tissues at the ultrastructural level. This technique can be used to study the carbohydrate components of surfactant systems in rodents and amphibians.

Question: What is the purpose of using ultrastructural histochemistry in studying surfactant systems?
Answer: The purpose of using ultrastructural histochemistry is to determine the carbohydrate components and their contributions to the rodent and amphibian surfactant systems.

Question: What is the significance of zirconium staining in ultrastructural histochemistry?
Answer: Zirconium staining is used to stain the rodent cytoplasm surrounding the multilamellar bodies, the Golgi, and was associated with the membrane structures of the compact lamellae of alveolar multilamellar bodies.

Question: What is the purpose of using ruthenium red stain in studying surfactant systems?
Answer: Ruthenium red stain was observed within all tubular myelin surfactant matricies in rodents and amphibians (Rana pipiens). The "gutters," tubular myelin surfactant matrix, and intratubular myelin surfactant matrix materials all demonstrated a positive reaction product.

Question: What is the significance of the periodic acid-chromic acid-silver procedure in ultrastructural histochemistry?
Answer: The periodic acid-chromic acid-silver procedure revealed irregular channels extending from the multilamellar bodies to the surface of the rodent great alveolar pneumocyte.

Section 2: Stereoscanning Electron Microscopy
Stereoscanning electron microscopy is a technique that uses a beam of electrons to create three-dimensional images of samples at the cellular and molecular levels. This technique can be used to study the structure and function of surfactant systems in rodents and amphibians.

Question: What is the purpose of using stereoscanning electron microscopy in studying surfactant systems?
Answer: Stereoscanning electron microscopy can be used to visualize the extra-pulmonary and respiratory surfaces in both species, which were  demonstrated a positive reaction product.

Question: What are the advantages of using stereoscanning electron microscopy compared to other imaging techniques?
Answer: Stereoscanning electron microscopy provides three-dimensional images of samples, allowing for a more detailed analysis of their structure and function.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we explored the principles of ultrastructural histochemistry and stereoscanning electron microscopy and their applications in understanding the surfactant systems of rodents and amphibians. We discussed the importance of these techniques in visualizing and analyzing cells and tissues at the ultrastructural and molecular levels. By understanding the principles and applications of these techniques, we can apply them to new problems and further our knowledge of biological systems.


text: Back to Index. Back to Index. SEAGULL GALLERY. Flock of seagulls image. 48 Kempock Street. Gourock PA19 1ND. 01475 632174. info@seagullgallery.net. PAUL MUR.. He has exhibited in Marbella in Spain and in the Bahrain Fine Art Society: he is represented in the collection of the Bahrain Royal Family.. In both his landscape and still life paintings, he.. He continues to be inspired by the shapes and textures within landscape and still life compositions but only as a starting point; he looks for shapes both within the object but also in the negative space and allow the drawn mark or brush stroke to dictate what happens next.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Abstract Art

**Objective:** To introduce students to the concept of abstract art and its history, characteristics, and techniques.

**Glossary:**
- Abstract: A type of art that does not represent recognizable objects or subjects, but rather uses color, shape, and texture to create a composition that exists independently of visual references.
- Cubism: An art movement that emerged in the early 1900s, characterized by the use of geometric shapes and multiple perspectives to represent objects or scenes.
- Surrealism: An art movement that emerged in the 1920s, characterized by the exploration of the subconscious mind and the creation of dreamlike, illogical scenes.
- Expressionism: An art movement that emerged in the late 1800s, characterized by the use of vivid colors and exaggerated brushstrokes to convey emotions and feelings.

**Section 1: Introduction to Abstract Art**

Abstract art is a type of art that does not represent recognizable objects or subjects. Instead, it uses color, shape, and texture to create a composition that exists independently of visual references. This type of art has been around for centuries, but it became popular in the early 1900s when artists started experimenting with different styles and techniques.

**Section 2: History of Abstract Art**

The history of abstract art can be traced back to the early 1900s when artists like Wassily Kandinsky and Kazimir Malevich began experimenting with non-representational art. This movement was later joined by other artists such as Piet Mondrian and Jackson Pollock, who helped to shape the course of abstract art throughout the 20th century.

**Section 3: Characteristics of Abstract Art**

Abstract art can take many forms, but there are some common characteristics that set it apart from other types of art. These include:

- Use of color, shape, and texture to create a composition that exists independently of visual references.
- Absence of recognizable objects or subjects.
- Emphasis on the process of creating the art rather than the final product.
- Often created with the intention of provoking thought or emotion in the viewer.

**Section 4: Techniques of Abstract Art**

There are many different techniques used in abstract art, but some of the most common include:

- Geometric shapes: This technique involves using simple shapes like circles, squares, and triangles to create a composition.
- Color fields: This technique involves using large areas of color to create a sense of depth and movement.
- Gestural marks: This technique involves using quick, spontaneous brushstrokes to convey emotion or energy.
- Texture: This technique involves using different materials or surfaces to create a tactile experience for the viewer.

**Section 5: Examples of Abstract Art**

Here are some examples of abstract art and the techniques used in each:

1. "Composition VII" by Wassily Kandinsky - This painting uses geometric shapes and color fields to create a sense of movement and energy.
2. "Number 1, 1950 (No. 8)" by Jackson Pollock - This painting uses gestural marks and texture to convey a sense of emotion and energy.
3. "Blue, Yellow, and Green" by Piet Mondrian - This painting uses geometric shapes and color fields to create a sense of balance and harmony.

**Section 6: Self-Debate Discussion**

What do you think is the purpose of abstract art? Is it meant to be beautiful, thought-provoking, or both? How do you think abstract art has influenced other types of art?

**Conclusion:**

In conclusion, abstract art is a unique and exciting type of art that has been around for centuries. It allows artists to express themselves in ways that are not limited by the constraints of reality. By studying abstract art, we can learn about the history of art, the different techniques used in this type of art, and how it has influenced other types of art.


text: Over 20 years experience in web, video, audio, social media & marketing. I have a particular affinity for Twitter, Snapchat & Instagram for building community. Founder of Transit Toronto (1997). Managed the social media & website for a major Canadian natural health products brand for 4 years. Experience in recruiting and career change. Empath, above all else :). Twitter is a social platform which is often misunderstood. Gain clarity and insight on the "unique and powerful search engine disguised as a social network." Tune out the noise and banter, and start putting Twitter to good use with my help!

textbook:
**Lesson: Using Twitter for Business and Career Growth**

**Introduction:**
Twitter is a powerful social media platform that can be used for business and career growth. In this lesson, we will explore the benefits of using Twitter for networking, marketing, and personal branding. We will also learn how to create a Twitter account, craft effective tweets, and engage with other users.

**Section 1: Understanding Twitter**
Twitter is a microblogging platform that allows users to share short messages called tweets. These tweets can contain up to 280 characters and can include images, videos, and links. Twitter is unique in that it is both a social network and a search engine. This means that users can find and connect with others who share their interests and discover new information.

**Section 2: Creating a Twitter Account**
To create a Twitter account, you will need to visit the Twitter website or download the Twitter app. You will be asked to provide your name, email address, and a password. You can also choose a username, which is the handle that other users will use to find and follow you. Your username should be unique and reflective of your brand or personal identity.

**Section 3: Crafting Effective Tweets**
To make the most of Twitter, you need to craft effective tweets. Here are some tips:

- Keep it short: Tweets should be concise and to the point. Aim for 120 characters or less, including any hashtags or links.
- Use hashtags: Hashtags are keywords preceded by the pound symbol (#). They help to categorize your tweet and make it easier for others to find. Use hashtags that are relevant to your industry or niche.
- Include images and videos: Visual content is highly engaging on Twitter. Including images or videos in your tweets can increase engagement and improve the chances of your tweet being seen.
- Be personable: Twitter is a social platform, so be sure to show some personality in your tweets. Engage with other users, respond to comments and mentions, and share interesting or relevant content.

**Section 4: Engaging with Other Users**
Engaging with other users is an important part of using Twitter for business and career growth. Here are some ways to engage with others:

- Retweet: Retweeting is sharing someone else's tweet with your followers. This is a great way to show your support for other users and to share interesting content with your followers.
- Like: Liking a tweet is similar to retweeting, but it does not share the tweet with your followers. Liking a tweet shows the author that you appreciate their content.
- Comment: Commenting on a tweet is a great way to start a conversation with another user. Leave thoughtful and relevant comments to engage with others and build relationships.
- Follow: Following other users is a great way to stay up-to-date on industry news and trends. Follow users who are relevant to your industry or niche, and engage with their content to build relationships.

**Section 5: Twitter for Business and Career Growth**
Twitter can be a powerful tool for business and career growth. Here are some ways to use Twitter for these purposes:

- Networking: Twitter is a great platform for networking with other professionals in your industry. Attend tweetchats or participate in Twitter chats to connect with others and share ideas.
- Marketing: Twitter can be used to promote your business or personal brand. Use Twitter to share updates about your products or services, run promotions, and engage with potential customers.
- Personal Branding: Twitter is a great platform for building your personal brand. Share interesting and relevant content, engage with others, and showcase your expertise to establish yourself as a thought leader in your industry.

**Glossary:**
- Hashtag: A keyword preceded by the pound symbol (#) used to categorize tweets and make them easier to find.
- Tweet: A short message on Twitter, limited to 280 characters.
- Retweet: Sharing someone else's tweet with your followers.
- Like: Showing appreciation for a tweet by clicking the like button.
- Comment: Leaving a message on a tweet to start a conversation with the author.
- Follow: Following another user to stay up-to-date on their tweets.

**Conclusion:**
Twitter is a powerful social media platform that can be used for business and career growth. By creating effective tweets, engaging with other users, and using Twitter for networking, marketing, and personal branding, you can gain valuable insights, connect with others, and grow your online presence.


text: Why and how to maintain hygiene in food services and restaurants. It’s safe to say that a few years ago the food industry, especially caterers and restaurants, experienced a paradigm shift. The lifestyle of workers has changed. Food hygiene has made a breakthrough. Complicated measures to ensure the safety of ingredients have been implemented. This transformation took place when: People have become aware of foodborne illness Careless food handling and hygiene […]

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Food Hygiene in Food Services and Restaurants

Introduction:
Food hygiene is an essential aspect of the food industry, especially in food services and restaurants. It ensures that food is safe for consumption and prevents foodborne illnesses. In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of food hygiene, its history, and the measures that have been implemented to ensure food safety.

Section 1: Why is Food Hygiene Important?

Food hygiene is crucial in food services and restaurants because it prevents the spread of foodborne illnesses. These illnesses can be caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or chemical contaminants. Some common symptoms of foodborne illnesses include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and fever.

History:
The importance of food hygiene was first recognized in the 19th century when people started to become aware of foodborne illness. This led to the implementation of complicated measures to ensure the safety of ingredients.

Section 2: Measures Implemented to Ensure Food Safety

There are several measures that have been implemented to ensure food safety in food services and restaurants. These measures include:

1. Personal hygiene: Workers in food services and restaurants must maintain good personal hygiene by washing their hands regularly and wearing clean clothes.

2. Food handling: Food must be handled properly, from preparation to serving. This includes keeping raw and cooked food separate, storing food at the right temperature, and using clean utensils.

3. Sanitation: The premises of food services and restaurants must be kept clean and sanitary. This includes regular cleaning of surfaces, equipment, and utensils.

4. Pest control: Food services and restaurants must implement measures to prevent pests from contaminating food.

5. Temperature control: Food must be stored and served at the right temperature to prevent bacterial growth.

Section 3: Practical Examples

Let's consider a real-world scenario where a restaurant fails to follow proper food hygiene measures. Suppose a worker in the kitchen does not wash their hands after using the bathroom, leading to cross-contamination of food. This could result in customers getting sick from foodborne illnesses.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, food hygiene is an essential aspect of the food industry, especially in food services and restaurants. It ensures that food is safe for consumption and prevents foodborne illnesses. By following proper food hygiene measures, food services and restaurants can provide a safe and enjoyable dining experience for their customers.

Glossary:
- Foodborne illness: An illness caused by consuming contaminated food.
- Contamination: The presence of harmful substances in food.
- Cross-contamination: The transfer of bacteria from one food to another.

Self-Debate Discussion:
How important is it for food services and restaurants to maintain proper food hygiene measures? Can you think of any instances where food hygiene was not followed, resulting in health issues for customers?