text: DCU Storm are a powerchair football team based in Dublin City University. DCU Storm PFC was established in April 2014 and currently plays in the AIPF Premier League. The team trains weekly on Tuesdays and Thursdays in the DCU sports complex from 7-9.. Successful in winning the AIPF National League and AIPF National Cup a number of times and also participating in European Club competitions. Players have represented Ireland too at World and European tournaments. Anyone who uses a power wheelchair is welcome to join. For more information contact aoifemcn@hotmail.com.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Powerchair Football

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
In this lesson, we will learn about Powerchair Football, a sport played by people with disabilities who use electric wheelchairs. Powerchair football is a team sport that combines elements of football, basketball, and ice hockey. It is played on a hard court with two goals and a ball that must be propelled into the goal by hand or head. The objective of the game is to score as many goals as possible while maintaining control of the ball.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
To understand the game better, let's look at some examples. Imagine you are playing as a defender on your team. Your goal is to prevent the other team from scoring by blocking their shots and stealing the ball. You can do this by positioning your wheelchair strategically or by using your arms to block the ball. On the other hand, if you are a striker, your goal is to score as many goals as possible. You can do this by positioning yourself near the goalpost and using your hands or head to shoot the ball into the goal. Remember to always keep control of your wheelchair and avoid collisions with other players.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
Now let's apply what we've learned to a real-world scenario. Suppose you are a member of the DCU Storm Powerchair Football team and you are about to play against a strong opponent. Your coach has given you a specific strategy to follow during the game. As a defender, you need to stay focused and not let the other team score. You use your arms to block their shots and your wheelchair to position yourself strategically. As a striker, you need to be quick and agile, ready to pounce on any opportunity to score a goal. Remember to communicate with your teammates and work together to achieve your goal.

## Glossary
- Powerchair: An electric wheelchair used by people with disabilities to move around independently.
- AIPF: The American International Powerchair Football Association.
- Premier League: The highest level of competition in the AIPF.
- National League: A lower level of competition in the AIPF.
- National Cup: A cup competition in the AIPF.
- European Club Competitions: Competitions involving teams from different European countries.
- World and European tournaments: International competitions involving powerchair football teams from different countries.

## Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned about Powerchair Football, a sport played by people with disabilities who use electric wheelchairs. We explored the rules of the game, strategies for playing, and real-world scenarios. By understanding these concepts, we can apply them to new problems and challenges in the future.


text: Guide Dogs for the Blind –. Tour de Tattenhall – 5th June 2016. What’s that all about then? Well, it’s been a couple of years since we’ve teamed up with Guide Dogs for the Blind – for a day to a) raise a bit of money for this worthy charitable cause, and b) to have a bit of fun like we did last year, with an inventive little competition (not a race) that has been dubbed the Tour de Tattenhall.. This is a combined day for all of us, on one ride. 😀

source: refinedweb

textbook:
**Lesson: Guide Dogs for the Blind**

**Introduction**

In this lesson, we will learn about Guide Dogs for the Blind, a charitable organization that provides guide dogs to people who are blind or have low vision. We will also learn about the Tour de Tattenhall event, which is a fundraiser for this organization.

**Main Topic**

1. What is Guide Dogs for the Blind?

Guide Dogs for the Blind is a charitable organization that was founded in 1931. It is based in the United States and provides guide dogs to people who are blind or have low vision. The organization also provides training and support to these individuals and their families.

2. How does Guide Dogs for the Blind help people?

Guide Dogs for the Blind provides trained guide dogs to people who are blind or have low vision. These dogs help their owners navigate their environment by providing guidance, comfort, and companionship. The organization also provides training and support to the individuals and their families, including instruction on how to care for the dog and how to use the dog's services effectively.

3. What is the Tour de Tattenhall?

The Tour de Tattenhall is a fundraising event organized by Guide Dogs for the Blind. It takes place in Tattenhall, England, and involves a cycling tour that participants can complete at their own pace. The event also includes food, entertainment, and other activities to raise money for the organization.

**Practical Examples**

Let's say you are participating in the Tour de Tattenhall. You can use your guide dog to help you navigate the course. Your guide dog can help you stay on the correct path and avoid obstacles. Additionally, your guide dog can provide comfort and companionship during the event, making it more enjoyable for you.

**Conclusion**

In conclusion, Guide Dogs for the Blind is a wonderful organization that provides guide dogs to people who are blind or have low vision. The Tour de Tattenhall is a fun and exciting event that raises money for this organization. By participating in the event, you can help support Guide Dogs for the Blind and make a difference in the lives of those who rely on their services.

**Glossary**

- **Guide Dogs for the Blind**: A charitable organization that provides guide dogs to people who are blind or have low vision.
- **Tour de Tattenhall**: A fundraising event organized by Guide Dogs for the Blind, involving a cycling tour in Tattenhall, England.
- **Guide Dog**: A dog that is trained to assist people who are blind or have low vision by providing guidance, comfort, and companionship.

**Self-Debate Discussion**

- Why is it important to support organizations like Guide Dogs for the Blind?
- How can we raise awareness about the importance of guide dogs for people who are blind or have low vision?
- What other ways can we support Guide Dogs for the Blind besides participating in the Tour de Tattenhall?


text: Studies will be made on the effects of planned variations in the structures of substrates, inhibitors, and enzymes on the kinetics and sterospecificity of enzymic reactions. Information will be sought about the structural features that contribute to productive fit, and the properties of precise fit that lead to high reactivity. Glycolamide esters will be studied in hydrolysis by alpha-chymotrypsin, to establish the effect of hydrogen-bonding interaction in the C-terminal direction, as the alpha-and beta- substituents are varied. Study will be made of hydrolysis by trypsin of glycolamide esters which lack a positive beta-substituent. Effects of neighboring hydrogen bonding interactions in the G-terminal direction and in the N-terminal direction will be examined in hydrolysis by an aminopeptidase and a carboxypeptidase respectively. Novel cyclized substrates, 2,4-diketomorpholines and pyroglutamates, will be examined for information as to the relative orientation of the alpha-acylamido and hydrolyzing peptide groups, and as to the reacting conformation of alpha-acylamido-groups. Competitive effects of binding and desolvation will be explored in study of inhibitors of varied structure, and compared with activation by the corresponding groups in substrates. Reactivity, and stero-specificity of native alpha-chymotrypsin and of enzyme modified at Met-192 will be compared in hydrolysis of cyclized substrates. Analogs of acetycholine will be synthesized and studied as substrates and inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase.

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson: The Kinetics and Sterospecificity of Enzymic Reactions

### Introduction

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. They play a crucial role in maintaining life processes by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. The study of enzyme kinetics and sterospecificity is essential to understand the factors that affect the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

### Section 1: Enzyme Kinetics

Enzyme kinetics is the study of the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. It involves understanding the factors that affect the reaction rate, such as substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, temperature, and pH. The rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction can be described by the Michaelis-Menten equation:

v = (Vmax * [S]) / (Km + [S])

where v is the reaction rate, Vmax is the maximum reaction rate, [S] is the substrate concentration, and Km is the Michaelis constant.

### Section 2: Sterospecificity

Sterospecificity refers to the specific three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule that determines its reactivity with other molecules. Enzymes are highly stereospecific because they recognize and bind to specific substrates with complementary shapes. This is due to the presence of active sites on the enzyme's surface, which have a specific geometry and charge distribution that allows them to interact with the substrate.

### Section 3: Precise Fit and Productive Fit

Precise fit refers to the enzyme's ability to selectively bind to its substrate based on its shape and charge distribution. Productive fit, on the other hand, refers to the enzyme's ability to catalyze the reaction efficiently once the substrate is bound. Both precise fit and productive fit are essential for enzyme function and activity.

### Section 4: Examples and Practical Applications

The study of enzyme kinetics and sterospecificity has numerous practical applications in fields such as medicine, biotechnology, and agriculture. For example, understanding the kinetics of enzyme-catalyzed reactions can help in the development of drugs that target specific enzymes involved in disease pathways. Additionally, optimizing the conditions for enzyme-catalyzed reactions can improve the efficiency of biotechnological processes such as protein synthesis and DNA replication.

### Conclusion

In conclusion, the study of enzyme kinetics and sterospecificity is essential for understanding the factors that affect the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions and the specificity of enzyme-substrate interactions. This knowledge has numerous practical applications in various fields, including medicine, biotechnology, and agriculture. By understanding the principles of enzyme kinetics and sterospecificity, we can develop better drugs, improve biotechnological processes, and gain a deeper understanding of life processes.


text:
Q:

Total number of read/writes in a day in MySQL

Aside from using standard count queries with a date, is there a global way to get the number of writes (or reads for that matter) in a 24hr period on a table, or an entire schema?

A:

NOTE : This is all reads and writes for all databases in the MySQL Instance
You should create a temp database for collecting stats
SET sql_log_bin = 0;
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS mystats;
CREATE DATABASE mystats;

Then, every hour run this
SET sql_log_bin = 0;
USE mystats
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS rwstats;
CREATE TABLE rwstats
(
    id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    stat_name  VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
    stat_value BIGINT NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (stat_name,id)
) ENGINE=MyISAM;
#
# Collect Stats
#
INSERT INTO rwstats (stat_name,stat_value)
SELECT variable_name,0 - variable_value
FROM information_schema.global_status
WHERE variable_name IN
('Innodb_rows_inserted','Innodb_rows_updated','Innodb_rows_deleted',
'Innodb_rows_read','Innodb_data_reads','Innodb_data_read',
'Innodb_data_writes','Innodb_data_written');
#
# Sleep For 1 Hour
#
DO SLEEP(3600);
#
# Collect Stats
#
INSERT INTO rwstats (stat_name,stat_value)
SELECT variable_name,variable_value
FROM information_schema.global_status
WHERE variable_name IN
('Innodb_rows_inserted','Innodb_rows_updated','Innodb_rows_deleted',
'Innodb_rows_read','Innodb_data_reads','Innodb_data_read',
'Innodb_data_writes','Innodb_data_written');
#
# Display Results
#
SELECT stat_name,SUM(stat_value) stat_value FROM rwstats GROUP BY stat_name;

GIVE IT A TRY !!!

textbook:
Lesson: How to calculate reads and writes in MySQL

### Overview
In this lesson, we will learn how to calculate the total number of reads and writes in a day in MySQL. We will cover the following topics:

1. Introduction to MySQL statistics
2. Methods to calculate reads and writes
3. Example calculations
4. Practical applications

### Introduction to MySQL statistics
MySQL is a popular open-source relational database management system. It is used to store and manage data in various applications. To ensure that the database is running efficiently, it is essential to monitor its performance. One way to do this is by tracking the number of reads and writes that occur in a day.

### Methods to calculate reads and writes
There are several methods to calculate reads and writes in MySQL. In this lesson, we will focus on two methods:

1. Using the `information_schema.global_status` table
2. Using the `informant` plugin

### Example calculations
Let's assume that we want to calculate the total number of reads and writes that occurred in a day. Here's an example calculation using the `information_schema.global_status` table:

```sql
SELECT SUM(0 - value) AS total_writes
FROM information_schema.global_status
WHERE variable_name = 'Innodb_data_written'
AND variable_value > 0
AND UNIX_TIMESTAMP() - start_time < 86400;
```

```sql
SELECT SUM(value) AS total_reads
FROM information_schema.global_status
WHERE variable_name = 'Innodb_rows_read'
AND UNIX_TIMESTAMP() - start_time < 86400;
```

In these examples, we use the `SUM` function to add up the values in the `Innodb_data_written` and `Innodb_rows_read` columns, respectively. The `UNIX_TIMESTAMP()` function is used to get the current time in Unix epoch format, which is then compared to the start time of the database.

### Practical applications
Once we have calculated the total number of reads and writes for a day, we can use this information to optimize our database performance. For example, if we notice that there are too many writes occurring, we can investigate why this might be happening and try to reduce the number of writes. We can also use this information to monitor the health of our database and detect any potential issues before they become critical.

### Conclusion
In this lesson, we have learned how to calculate the total number of reads and writes in a day in MySQL. We covered two methods for calculating these values and provided examples of how to perform these calculations. Finally, we discussed practical applications of this information, such as optimizing database performance and monitoring the health of our database.


text: This is the first book of an upcoming trilogy. It's a little choppy as are many first novels I've read (if you remember, I had to encourage some people to keep up with Joel Rosenberg's books as they became easier to read with each book!) but if you like lots of conversation and an interesting plot (with a little supernatural thrown in) then it's worth reading.. Good story with an interesting plot, especially if you like politics.. 2 comments:. I loved Joel Rosenberg's books right from the very first one to the end. I'll see if I can find this one at the library too.. This sounds like a book I might like. I like to read series books. If I get into them I love to keep on going. I enjoy politics, too.

textbook:
**Lesson:**

**Title:** Introduction to Supernatural Politics

**Level:** Primary through High School

**Abstract:** In this lesson, we will explore the concept of supernatural politics, which is the study of how supernatural beings interact with human politics. We will learn about the different types of supernatural beings, their powers and abilities, and how they influence human politics. We will also discuss the history of supernatural politics and its impact on society.

**Section 1: Introduction**

Supernatural politics is a fascinating topic that combines two of the most popular genres in literature: politics and supernatural fiction. In this lesson, we will explore the concept of supernatural politics, which is the study of how supernatural beings interact with human politics. We will learn about the different types of supernatural beings, their powers and abilities, and how they influence human politics.

**Section 2: Types of Supernatural Beings**

There are many types of supernatural beings in fiction, including vampires, werewolves, witches, and demons. Each type of supernatural being has unique powers and abilities that make them interesting and dangerous. For example, vampires are known for their ability to fly, their superhuman strength, and their ability to turn into bats. Werewolves, on the other hand, are known for their ability to transform into wolves and their heightened senses.

**Section 3: Powers and Abilities**

Supernatural beings have many powers and abilities that make them formidable opponents. For example, some supernatural beings can manipulate time and space, while others can control minds and create illusions. Some supernatural beings can even summon other creatures to do their bidding. These powers and abilities make supernatural beings dangerous and fascinating characters in fiction.

**Section 4: Influence on Human Politics**

Supernatural beings have influenced human politics throughout history. For example, in some cultures, supernatural beings were believed to control the weather and crops, which meant that politicians had to pay attention to their needs. In other cultures, supernatural beings were believed to protect certain leaders or cities, giving them an advantage in politics.

**Section 5: History of Supernatural Politics**

The study of supernatural politics dates back to ancient times. In many cultures, supernatural beings were believed to play a role in human politics. For example, in ancient Greece, the gods and goddesses were believed to influence human affairs. In ancient Egypt, the pharaohs were believed to have supernatural powers and were often depicted as gods.

**Section 6: Impact on Society**

Supernatural politics has had a significant impact on society. For example, the belief in supernatural beings has led to the creation of many religious institutions and practices. Additionally, the portrayal of supernatural beings in fiction has influenced popular culture and shaped our understanding of the world around us.

**Conclusion**

In conclusion, supernatural politics is a fascinating topic that combines two of the most popular genres in literature: politics and supernatural fiction. By studying supernatural politics, we can learn about the different types of supernatural beings, their powers and abilities, and how they influence human politics. We can also explore the history of supernatural politics and its impact on society. By applying these concepts to new problems, we can continue to expand our knowledge and understanding of the world around us.

**Glossary:**

- Supernatural: relating to or being a creature (such as a ghost, demon, or alien) believed to exist in or come from outside the physical world.
- Politics: the activity or theory of influencing other people through control of resources or government institutions.
- Fiction: a literary work based on the imagination rather than on fact.
- Genre: a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

**End**


text: Mark Jelinske. With 35 years of experience in mechanical and fire protection engineering, RMH chief mechanical engineer Mark Jelinske has a broad base of knowledge with numerous project types such as manufacturing/industrial facilities, clean rooms, laboratories, higher education, healthcare facilities, and office buildings. Mark’s insight into total building design and operation is well reflected by his professional licensing in both the mechanical and fire protection engineering disciplines. Mark is a graduate of the University of Missouri, Rolla with a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering.

textbook:
Core Value: Experience and Knowledge

Self-Taught Lesson:
## Chapter 1: Introduction to Mechanical Engineering
In this chapter, we will learn about mechanical engineering and its importance in our daily lives. We will also introduce the concept of experience and knowledge in mechanical engineering.

**Section 1: What is Mechanical Engineering?**
Mechanical engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with the design, manufacture, and maintenance of mechanical systems. It involves the use of principles of physics, materials science, and mathematics to create, analyze, and improve mechanical systems. Mechanical engineers work in various industries such as automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, and energy production.

**Section 2: Importance of Experience and Knowledge**
Experience and knowledge are crucial in mechanical engineering. They help engineers to understand the behavior of mechanical systems and find solutions to complex problems. Engineers with more experience and knowledge can make better decisions and come up with more creative solutions.

**Section 3: Real-World Examples**
Let's consider an example of a mechanical engineer designing a car engine. The engineer needs to have knowledge of materials science, thermodynamics, and fluid mechanics to design an efficient and reliable engine. Experience in designing engines can help the engineer to identify potential problems and come up with innovative solutions.

**Glossary**
- Mechanical engineering: A branch of engineering that deals with the design, manufacture, and maintenance of mechanical systems.
- Principles: Fundamental truths or rules that govern the behavior of something.
- Systems: A group of interrelated elements that work together to achieve a common goal.

**Conclusion**
Mechanical engineering is an essential field that involves the design, manufacture, and maintenance of mechanical systems. Experience and knowledge are crucial in this field as they help engineers to understand the behavior of mechanical systems and find solutions to complex problems. By applying the concepts learned in this chapter, you can begin to understand the importance of mechanical engineering in our daily lives.


text: UPCOMING NETWORK PARTY: November 16th, 1pm-5pm. Every month, VGDC holds a Network Party, open to both club members and the public. We bring our computers for an afternoon of video game fun. We “network” our computers together and play games like Minecraft or Fortnite. Club members are also welcome to work on their own games or make games together. Must be allowed to play T for Teen. A consent form will be provided.. Admission is free for all members. Members can bring friends for free. Entry fee of $25 are paid at the door if not invited by a member. If a non-club member decides to join, the entry fee may be credited towards their first month as a Designer member.. REGISTER BELOW:

textbook:
**Title: How to Host a Network Party**

## Introduction
In this lesson, we will learn about how to host a network party. A network party is an event where people come together to play video games on their computers. We will cover the following topics:

1. What is a network party?
2. How do you set up a network party?
3. What games can you play at a network party?
4. How do you invite people to a network party?
5. What are the rules for a network party?

## What is a network party?
A network party is an event where people bring their computers to play video games together. The computers are connected to each other so that everyone can play the same game or games. It is a great way to socialize with friends and have fun playing games.

## How do you set up a network party?
Setting up a network party is easy! Here are the steps:

1. Choose a date and time for the party.
2. Find a location where you can set up the computers.
3. Make sure everyone who wants to attend the party RSVPs so you know how many people to expect.
4. Bring your computer and any necessary cords or adapters.
5. Connect your computer to the network.
6. Start playing games!

## What games can you play at a network party?
There are many games that you can play at a network party. Some popular options include:

- Minecraft: Players can create their own worlds or play on servers with others.
- Fortnite: Players can team up and battle against other teams or play solo.
- Super Smash Bros.: Players can compete in a fighting game tournament.
- Mario Kart: Players can race against each other on different tracks.
- Rocket League: Players can play soccer with cars.

## How do you invite people to a network party?
To invite people to a network party, you can use social media or email. Here are some tips:

1. Create an event on Facebook or another social media platform and invite everyone you know.
2. Send out emails to people you know who like video games.
3. Post flyers around your school or community to spread the word.

## What are the rules for a network party?
At a network party, it's important to have some rules to ensure everyone has a good time. Here are some suggestions:

1. No cheating or hacking.
2. Be respectful to others and don't bully or harass anyone.
3. Follow the rules of the games you are playing.
4. Have fun!

## Conclusion
Hosting a network party is a great way to spend time with friends and play video games. By following these steps, you can plan a successful party that everyone will enjoy.


text: Super comfortable for when you need them most, the Barbour Slippers range offers everything that you would want from a slipper whilst remaining true to their British Heritage roots. Embodying a classic style whilst maintaining premium comfort, Barbour have successfully created a collection of slippers that you will look forward to pulling on after a long day on your feet. Shop our full Barbour range with Fast UK Delivery and Returns!

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Comfortable Slippers

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

In this lesson, we will learn about comfortable slippers and why they are important. Slippers are footwear items designed to be worn indoors and provide comfort and warmth to your feet. They are typically made from soft materials such as fleece, shearling, or knit fabric, and have a non-slip sole to prevent slipping on smooth surfaces.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's consider an example of someone who works all day standing on their feet at a factory job. At the end of the day, they come home exhausted and just want to relax. Putting on a pair of comfortable slippers is the perfect way to unwind and let their feet breathe after being confined in tight shoes all day.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

Now let's imagine that same person has to go outside to get the mail or take out the trash. While their slippers may not be waterproof, they still provide enough cushioning and support to walk short distances without causing discomfort. Additionally, the non-slip sole prevents them from slipping on icy steps.

## Glossary
- Slippers: Footwear designed to be worn indoors, typically made from soft materials and featuring a non-slip sole.
- Fleece: A soft, fuzzy material often used in making comfortable slippers.
- Shearling: A type of leather made from sheep's fur.
- Knit fabric: A woven fabric created by interlocking loops of yarn.

## Conclusion

In this lesson, we learned about the importance of comfortable slippers and why they are a necessity for anyone who spends long hours on their feet. We also explored real-world scenarios where slippers can be practical and useful. By understanding the benefits of slippers, we can apply this knowledge to other areas of our lives and seek out comfortable footwear options wherever we go.


text: Laser MDF (Medium Desity Fibreboard). A versatile manmade timber.. Plywood cuts extremely cleanly via laser and the cut edge typically requires no sanding / further processing. The edge will have a burnt finish as per the eamples shown. Etching depth is typically about 0.5mm deep and effects the outer most ply of the timber only..

textbook:
Core Value: Versatility

Lesson: Laser Cutting MDF

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about laser cutting MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard). MDF is a versatile manmade timber that is commonly used in various industries due to its strength and durability. We will explore the benefits of using lasers to cut MDF and how it can save time and money.

Section 1: Why Use Lasers to Cut MDF?

Topic 1: Versatility
MDF is a versatile material that can be used in various applications, such as furniture, cabinets, and even artwork. Lasers can cut MDF with precision and accuracy, making it an ideal choice for intricate designs and patterns.

Topic 2: Speed and Efficiency
Lasers can cut MDF faster than traditional methods, such as saws or blades. This means that production times are reduced, and more items can be produced in a shorter amount of time. Additionally, lasers do not require sharpening or replacement, which saves time and money.

Topic 3: Quality Cuts
Lasers can produce clean, precise cuts on MDF. The cut edge typically requires no sanding or further processing, which saves time and reduces waste. The laser burns the MDF, leaving a smooth finish that looks professional.

Section 2: How Lasers Cut MDF

Topic 1: The Process
Lasers work by emitting a high-energy beam of light that is focused onto the MDF. This beam heats up the MDF, causing it to vaporize or burn. The laser follows a predetermined path, cutting the MDF according to the design specifications.

Topic 2: Safety Precautions
Lasers are powerful tools that require safety precautions when operating. It is essential to wear protective gear, such as goggles and gloves, to avoid injury. Additionally, it is crucial to follow proper procedures when loading and unloading the MDF to prevent accidents.

Section 3: Practical Examples

Topic 1: Furniture Manufacturing
Lasers can cut intricate designs and patterns into MDF, making it an ideal choice for furniture manufacturers. For example, a company may use lasers to cut custom shapes or designs into a cabinet or table.

Topic 2: Artwork
Artists can use lasers to create unique pieces of artwork from MDF. For instance, a sculptor may use lasers to cut intricate designs into a block of MDF, which they can then assemble into a 3D sculpture.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the versatility of MDF and how lasers can enhance its cutting process. By using lasers to cut MDF, manufacturers can save time and money while producing high-quality products. Additionally, artists can use lasers to create unique and intricate pieces of artwork. As we continue to explore the world of laser cutting, we will undoubtedly discover even more ways to harness its power and creativity.


text: Alexander Lobrano’s Letter from Paris: Abri, a Superb Little Restaurant with a Brilliant Young Chef. way that Paris has long been the global beacon for talent in the fashion business, it’s now attracting ambitious and talented young chefs from other countries in such numbers that it’s no longer a surprise to learn the chef who just cooked your dinner in Paris is Mexican or Italian or American or, most likely of all, Japanese. The Japanese, you see, continue to revere French cooking with a seriousness and passion that’s long since dwindled in other countries, and this is why talented young Japanese chefs come to France in droves to do apprenticeships in the country’s restaurant kitchens and also why so many of them stay on to open their own restaurants. It make great sense, too, since the the culinary cultures of the two countries venerate best quality produce, admire technicity, and are profoundly fascinated by aesthetics of everything edible..

textbook:
Lesson Title: The Importance of Technical Skills in Cooking

Introduction:
Cooking is an art that requires both creativity and technical skills. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of technical skills in cooking and how they can make a difference between a good dish and an exceptional one. We will also discuss how technical skills can help chefs create unique and innovative dishes that stand out from the rest.

Section 1: Technical Skills in Cooking
- Definition: Technical skills refer to the knowledge and abilities required to perform a task or activity efficiently and effectively.
- Example: A chef who knows how to properly cut vegetables, meat, and fish can create dishes that look visually appealing and taste delicious.
- Importance: Technical skills are essential in cooking because they allow chefs to execute their creative vision accurately and consistently.
- Discussion: Think about a time when you had a dish that looked amazing but tasted bad. What could have gone wrong? Poor technical skills may have been the reason.

Section 2: Developing Technical Skills
- Practice: The more a chef practices a particular technique, the better they become at it.
- Mentorship: Working with a mentor or experienced chef can help a chef learn and improve their technical skills.
- Education: Attending culinary school or taking cooking classes can provide a foundation for developing technical skills.
- Example: A chef who wants to improve their knife skills can practice cutting different types of ingredients and study different cutting techniques.

Section 3: Applying Technical Skills in Cooking
- Innovation: Technical skills allow chefs to experiment with different cooking methods and ingredients to create unique and innovative dishes.
- Consistency: Technical skills ensure that a dish tastes and looks the same every time it is prepared.
- Presentation: Technical skills can make a dish visually appealing, which can enhance the overall dining experience.
- Discussion: Think about a chef you admire and what technical skills they may have that make their dishes stand out.

Glossary:
- Technical skills: Knowledge and abilities required to perform a task or activity efficiently and effectively.
- Consistency: The ability to produce the same results repeatedly.
- Innovation: The act of creating something new or different.
- Presentation: The way a dish is presented to the customer.

Conclusion:
Technical skills are an essential part of cooking. They allow chefs to execute their creative vision accurately and consistently, which can lead to innovative and visually appealing dishes. By developing technical skills, chefs can take their cooking to the next level and create dishes that stand out from the rest.


text: John 10:4-5 And when he putteth forth his own sheep, he goeth before them, and the sheep follow him: for they know his voice. And a stranger will they not follow, but will flee from him: for they know not the voice of strangers.. I’m not sure where I got it, but somehow “my sheep will hear my voice and not hear the voice of another” got stuck in my head. I can’t find a verse like that. Instead it could be summarized “my sheep will hear my voice and not recognize the voice of another”. Otherwise, according to John 10:5, the sheep can hear the voice of the good sheepherd and the voice of the stranger, however, they follow the voice they KNOW and flee from the voice they don’t recognize.. Now, how do we KNOW the Master’s voice? The answer is to have His word abide in us. What you spend time on, you will be sensitive to..

textbook:
Lesson: Knowing the Voice of the Good Shepherd
Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about how to recognize the voice of the Good Shepherd and follow Him. We will also learn about the importance of spending time with God's word and how it helps us know His voice.
Section 1: Recognizing the Voice of the Good Shepherd
The Bible tells us that the sheep of the Good Shepherd will hear His voice and not the voice of another. This means that if we spend time with God's word, we will be able to recognize His voice when He speaks to us.
Questions:
- How does spending time with God's word help us recognize the voice of the Good Shepherd?
- What are some ways we can spend time with God's word?
- Why is it important to recognize the voice of the Good Shepherd?
Section 2: Spending Time with God's Word
Spending time with God's word is essential for recognizing the voice of the Good Shepherd. When we read and study the Bible, we become familiar with its teachings and principles. This helps us distinguish between the voice of the Good Shepherd and the voices of others.
Questions:
- Why is spending time with God's word important?
- What are some ways we can spend time with God's word?
- How does spending time with God's word help us recognize the voice of the Good Shepherd?
Section 3: Applying the Skill of Recognizing the Voice of the Good Shepherd
Once we have spent time with God's word and become familiar with its teachings, we can apply this skill to our daily lives. We can use this skill to discern between the voice of the Good Shepherd and the voices of others, including Satan.
Questions:
- How can we apply the skill of recognizing the voice of the Good Shepherd to our daily lives?
- What are some examples of situations where recognizing the voice of the Good Shepherd is important?
Conclusion:
In conclusion, recognizing the voice of the Good Shepherd is an essential skill for Christians. By spending time with God's word, we can develop this skill and apply it to our daily lives. We can use this skill to discern between the voice of the Good Shepherd and the voices of others, including Satan. Remember, what you spend time on, you will be sensitive to.
Glossary:
- Good Shepherd: A metaphor used in the Bible to describe Jesus Christ as the one who cares for and protects His flock (the believers).
- Voice: In this context, refers to the words or instructions of the Good Shepherd.
- Word: In this context, refers to the Bible or the written word of God.
- Discern: To recognize or differentiate between two or more things.


text: Latin National Honor Society. The LNHS is open by application to current students of Latin in grades 10-12.. The purpose of the society is to recognize outstanding scholarship and leadership among students of the Latin language at King Phgilip Regional High School and to promote the continuing study of Latin language and culture. LNHS members engage in service projects and in activities where they can learn about Latin language and Roman culture beyond the classroom curriculum.. For further information, please contact Mr. Childs in Rm. 231 or by calling 508-384-1000, ext. 231 or by e-mail at childsa@kingphilip.org.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Latin National Honor Society

**Objective:** To introduce students to the Latin National Honor Society (LNHS) and its purpose, requirements, and benefits.

**Glossary:**
- Latin: an ancient Indo-European language that was spoken in the Roman Empire.
- Honor Society: a group that recognizes outstanding students for their achievements and contributions.
- Scholarship: the ability to learn and understand things or to gain knowledge easily.
- Leadership: the ability to inspire and guide others towards a common goal.

**Section 1: Introduction to Latin National Honor Society**

The Latin National Honor Society (LNHS) is an organization for high school students who are studying Latin language and culture. The purpose of this honor society is to recognize students who have demonstrated outstanding scholarship and leadership in their studies of Latin.

**Section 2: Requirements for Membership**

To become a member of the LNHS, students must meet certain requirements. Firstly, they must be currently enrolled in a Latin course at their school. Secondly, they must have a cumulative grade point average of 3.5 or higher. Finally, they must demonstrate strong leadership qualities and a commitment to the study of Latin language and culture.

**Section 3: Benefits of Membership**

Becoming a member of the LNHS has many benefits. Firstly, it looks great on college applications as it shows that the student is dedicated to their studies and has achieved academic excellence. Secondly, members have access to exclusive events and opportunities such as trips to museums, conferences, and workshops. Finally, being a member of the LNHS allows students to connect with other students who share their passion for Latin language and culture.

**Section 4: Conclusion**

In conclusion, the Latin National Honor Society is a prestigious organization that recognizes outstanding students who are studying Latin language and culture. By becoming a member, students can gain access to exclusive events and opportunities while also demonstrating their dedication to their studies. If you are interested in joining the LNHS, make sure to meet the requirements and show your commitment to the study of Latin language and culture.


text: Up next:100 Years of Frank Sinatra. Quincy JonesA Musical Celebration. In 2019, Quincy Jones came to Paris to celebrate his prolific career and his special place in pop music history. The man with 27Grammy Awards has arranged, composed, produced and orchestrated for some of America's most legendary artists such as Louis Armstrong, Barbara Streisand and Michael Jackson: His greatest hits are performed by a host of talented musicians including Ibrahim Maalouf, Shelea, Selah Sue and Véronique Sanson.. Duration :. 78 min. Available :. From 06/09/2022 to 30/09/2022

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Music Composition and Production

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

**Topic:** Music Composition and Production
**Main Topic:** Introduction to Music Composition and Production
**Sub-Topic:** Understanding the role of a music producer

**Theoretical Concepts:**
- A music producer is responsible for overseeing the creation, recording, and production of a song or album.
- The producer works closely with the artist or band to help them create their vision for the music.
- The producer also manages the recording process, ensuring that the final product meets the desired sound quality and artistic vision.
- A producer may also be involved in the mixing and mastering stages of the music production process.

**Questions and Answers:**
- What is the difference between a composer and a producer?
- A composer writes the music, while a producer oversees the creation, recording, and production of the music.
- What are some famous music producers?
- Some famous music producers include Quincy Jones, Phil Spector, and Dr. Dre.

**Definitions of Purpose:**
- The purpose of a music producer is to guide the artist or band in creating their vision for the music, manage the recording process, and ensure the final product meets the desired sound quality and artistic vision.

**Practical Examples:**
- Quincy Jones is a famous music producer who has worked with many legendary artists such as Michael Jackson, Madonna, and Paul McCartney. He has won multiple Grammy Awards for his work in music composition and production.
- In the documentary "Quincy," Jones discusses his role as a producer and how he works with artists to create their vision for the music. He also talks about his involvement in the recording and production process, including the mixing and mastering stages.

**Formulas and Tables:**
- There are no formulas or tables for this topic.

**Self-Debating Discussions:**
- What are some qualities that a good music producer should have?
- A good music producer should have a strong understanding of music theory, be able to communicate effectively with artists, have excellent organizational skills, and be able to work well under pressure.
- How does a music producer differ from a sound engineer?
- A sound engineer focuses on the technical aspects of recording and mixing, while a music producer focuses on the creative aspects of the music.

### Section 2: Practical Exercises

**Topic:** Music Composition and Production
**Main Topic:** Introduction to Music Composition and Production
**Sub-Topic:** Creating a basic music track

**Theoretical Concepts:**
- A basic music track typically consists of four elements: melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre.
- Melody refers to the sequence of musical notes that create a tune.
- Harmony refers to the chords that accompany the melody.
- Rhythm refers to the pattern of beats and rests in a piece of music.
- Timbre refers to the quality of sound produced by an instrument or voice.

**Questions and Answers:**
- What is the difference between melody and harmony?
- Melody refers to the tune, while harmony refers to the chords that accompany the melody.
- How do you create a basic music track?
- Start by creating a simple melody using a single instrument or voice. Then, add chords to accompany the melody. Finally, add rhythm and timbre to complete the track.

**Definitions of Purpose:**
- The purpose of creating a basic music track is to learn about the different elements that make up a piece of music and how they work together.

**Practical Examples:**
- In the documentary "Quincy," Jones demonstrates how to create a basic music track by playing different instruments and adding chords to a melody. He also discusses the importance of rhythm and timbre in creating a finished track.

**Formulas and Tables:**
- There are no formulas or tables for this topic.

**Self-Debating Discussions:**
- How do you know when a melody is catchy?
- A catchy melody is usually simple, repetitive, and easy to remember. It also tends to follow the contour of the voice or instrument that sings it.
- What is the difference between major and minor chords?
- Major chords have a bright, happy sound, while minor chords have a darker, sadder sound.

### Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

**Topic:** Music Composition and Production
**Main Topic:** Introduction to Music Composition and Production
**Sub-Topic:** Applying music production techniques to a real-world scenario

**Theoretical Concepts:**
- Music production techniques can be applied to a variety of real-world scenarios, such as creating a jingle for a commercial or producing a song for a movie soundtrack.
- Producers must consider the audience, genre, and message of the music when applying production techniques.
- Common production techniques include layering vocals, adding effects to instruments, and using samples or loops.

**Questions and Answers:**
- How do you apply music production techniques to a real-world scenario?
- Consider the audience, genre, and message of the music. Use common production techniques such as layering vocals, adding effects to instruments, and using samples or loops to create a finished product that meets the desired sound quality and artistic vision.

**Definitions of Purpose:**
- The purpose of applying music production techniques to a real-world scenario is to create a finished product that meets the desired sound quality and artistic vision.

**Practical Examples:**
- In the documentary "Quincy," Jones discusses his work on the movie soundtrack for "The Color Purple." He talks about how he used music production techniques to create a cohesive and emotional score that complemented the film's message and tone.

**Formulas and Tables:**
- There are no formulas or tables for this topic.

**Self-Debating Discussions:**
- How do you create a memorable jingle for a commercial?
- A memorable jingle is usually short, catchy, and easy to sing along to. It should also fit the tone and message of the commercial.
- What is the difference between producing a song for a movie soundtrack and producing a song for an album?
- Producing a song for a movie soundtrack requires a different approach than producing a song for an album. The music must fit the tone and message of the film, while also standing alone as a piece of music.

### Glossary
- Melody: A sequence of musical notes that create a tune.
- Harmony: Chords that accompany the melody.
- Rhythm: The pattern of beats and rests in a piece of music.
- Timbre: The quality of sound produced by an instrument or voice.
- Jingle: A short, catchy song or phrase used in commercials.
- Loop: A repeating section of music or sound.
- Sample: A short piece of music or sound that is repeated or manipulated in a song.

### Conclusion
In conclusion, music composition and production involve a variety of theoretical concepts, practical exercises, and real-world scenarios. By understanding the role of a music producer and the different elements that make up a piece of music, students can apply these skills to create their own music or analyze the work of professional musicians.


text:
Some observations on naturally occurring neoplasms of domestic fowls in the State of Victoria, Australia (1977-87).
In the 10 years to November 1987, 33 different types of naturally occurring neoplasms were diagnosed in 2281 domestic fowls submitted for necropsy examination. The most prevalent type was lymphoma (1825/2281 = 80%) including two cases in chickens from a flock free from Marek's disease virus, exogenous avian leukosis viruses and reticuloendotheliosis virus; the remaining lymphomas were diagnosed on gross and/or histological criteria as Marek's disease (1069) or lymphoid leukosis (754). Of the non-lymphoid neoplasms, leiomyomas of the ventral ligament of the oviduct (99) were the most common followed closely by metastatic abdominal adenocarcinomas (93) and haemangiomas or haemangiosarcomas (91). A large number of fibromas and fibrosarcomas (40), and a smaller number of myxomas and myxosarcomas (17) were observed. Three fibrosarcomas and two myxosarcomas were presented as metastatic abdominal neoplasms, and two fibromas and seven myxomas were found on the rostral extremity of the upper beak of hens, including five cases of myxoma from one flock. Other less prevalent neoplasms described were myelocytomas or myeloblastomas (12), avian keratoacanthomas (11), granulosa-theca cell tumours (11), oviduct adenomatosis and adenocarcinomas (10) and ovarian adenocarcinomas (8). Small numbers of some neoplasms or well-characterized variants were encountered, namely histiocytic sarcomas (5), lipomas (4), liposarcomas (2), reticulum cell sarcomas (3), plasmacytomas (3), intracutaneous keratinizing epitheliomas (3), feather folliculomas (2), proventricular adenomas (2), hepatocellular adenocarcinomas (2), cholangiocellular adenomas and adenocarcinomas (6), pancreatic adenocarcinomas (3), nephroblastomas (7), astrocytomas (5), pinealomas (3), Schwannomas (3) and multifocal melanomas (3). Single examples were found of osteoma, osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, leiomyoma of the gizzard wall, intestinal adenocarcinoma, renal adenocarcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma and ultimobranchial cyst.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Neoplasms in Domestic Fowls

### Overview
In this lesson, we will learn about naturally occurring neoplasms in domestic fowls. We will cover the different types of neoplasms, their prevalence, and the factors that contribute to their development. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to identify different types of neoplasms in domestic fowls and understand the importance of early detection and treatment.

### Section 1: What are Neoplasms?
Neoplasms are abnormal growths of tissue that can be either benign or malignant. They can occur in any part of the body, including the skin, muscles, organs, and bones. In domestic fowls, neoplasms can affect various organs such as the liver, kidneys, and lymph nodes.

### Section 2: Types of Neoplasms in Domestic Fowls
There are several types of neoplasms that can occur in domestic fowls. These include:

1. Lymphoma: This is a cancer of the lymphatic system, which is responsible for fighting infections in the body. Lymphoma is the most common type of neoplasm in domestic fowls, accounting for 80% of all cases.

2. Leiomyomas: These are benign tumors that develop in the muscular walls of the oviduct. They are usually found in the ventral ligament of the oviduct.

3. Metastatic abdominal adenocarcinomas: These are malignant tumors that develop in the abdominal cavity and can spread to other parts of the body.

4. Haemangiomas and haemangiosarcomas: These are benign and malignant tumors, respectively, that develop in blood vessels.

5. Fibromas and fibrosarcomas: These are benign and malignant tumors, respectively, that develop in connective tissue.

6. Myxomas and myxosarcomas: These are benign and malignant tumors, respectively, that develop in soft tissue.

### Section 3: Prevalence and Factors Contributing to Neoplasms in Domestic Fowls
The most common type of neoplasm in domestic fowls is lymphoma, accounting for 80% of all cases. Other common types include leiomyomas, metastatic abdominal adenocarcinomas, haemangiomas and haemangiosarcomas, fibromas and fibrosarcomas, and myxomas and myxosarcomas.

Several factors can contribute to the development of neoplasms in domestic fowls. These include genetic predisposition, exposure to certain viruses (such as Marek's disease virus), and environmental factors (such as exposure to chemicals or radiation).

### Section 4: Diagnosis and Treatment of Neoplasms in Domestic Fowls
Early detection and treatment of neoplasms in domestic fowls are crucial for successful outcomes. Veterinarians may use various diagnostic tools such as x-rays, ultrasounds, and biopsies to identify and stage neoplasms. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of the neoplasm and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these.

### Conclusion
In conclusion, neoplasms in domestic fowls can be challenging to diagnose and treat. However, with proper veterinary care and early detection, many cases can be successfully managed. By understanding the different types of neoplasms, their prevalence, and the factors contributing to their development, we can better protect our fowls from these diseases.


text: Narex 5 Piece Professional Graving Chisel Set (868300). This 5 piece professional set of graving or engraving chisels are handmade by Narex of the Czech Republic. Blades are made of Chrome-Vanadium tool steel and heat treated to a hardness of 61-62 HRc. The edges are hand sharpened and lapped with abrasive paste and an Arkansas stone. Handles are stained and waxed European Beech wood. Set included a 4mm (3/16") flat chisel, 3mm (1/8") gouge, 6mm (1/4") gouge, 8mm (3/8") gouge, and 3 mm V tool. Blades are 70mm (2-7/8") long and handles are 82mm (3-3/8") long x 40mm (1-5/8") in diameter. Handle have a flat on the back to prevent rolling off the bench. These chisels are designed to be used with hand pressure only. Set includes the following tools:. WARNING: Cancer and Reproductive Harm -

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Tool Sets

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
A tool set is a collection of tools that are designed to work together to achieve a specific goal. In this case, we will be looking at a set of graving chisels.

### Questions and Answers
1. What is a tool set?
2. What are graving chisels used for?
3. Who makes the Narex graving chisels?
4. What material are the blades of the chisels made of?
5. How are the edges of the chisels sharpened?
6. What are the dimensions of the handles?
7. Are the chisels designed to be used with a hammer?

### Section 2: Practical Examples
Let's say you are a woodworker who wants to create a wooden box. You would need to use a variety of tools to complete the project. You would need a saw to cut the wood, a hammer to nail the pieces together, and sandpaper to smooth out any rough edges. In this case, you would also need a set of graving chisels to carve out any intricate designs on the lid of the box.

### Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
Now let's imagine you are a sculptor who specializes in creating lifesize statues. You would need a variety of chisels to carve out the details of your sculpture. You would use gouges to carve out large areas of the statue, and smaller chisels to carve out intricate details such as eyes or fingers.

### Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned about tool sets and how they can be used to achieve specific goals. We also looked at practical examples and real-world scenarios to see how these tools can be used in various industries. By understanding the importance of tool sets, we can apply these skills to new problems and projects.


text: But I have a problem: 95% of the bands I like have vocalists that are tenors. I don't have the best range (I can go higher but only if I sing LOUD) and my tone is pretty good, just kind of low.. So I'm curious if any other baritones here can relate to my situation? If you have any recordings that would be cool too.... -Thanks!

textbook:
Lesson: Baritone Singing for Beginners

## Introduction

In this lesson, we will explore the basics of baritone singing for beginners. We will cover the following topics:

1. What is baritone singing?
2. How do you identify if you are a baritone singer?
3. Techniques for improving your baritone voice
4. Exercises to strengthen your baritone range
5. Tips for selecting songs that suit your voice type
6. Recording and sharing your music

## What is baritone singing?

Baritone singing refers to the vocal range that falls between the bass and tenor ranges. Baritone singers have a rich, warm, and deep sound that is often associated with male singers. Baritone singing can be challenging for beginners because it requires a good understanding of vocal technique and control.

## How do you identify if you are a baritone singer?

To identify if you are a baritone singer, you need to know your vocal range. You can do this by singing up and down the scale and noting the highest and lowest notes you can comfortably sing without straining your voice. If your voice falls between the bass and tenor ranges, you are likely a baritone singer.

## Techniques for improving your baritone voice

1. Practice proper breathing techniques: Breathing exercises can help you develop control over your voice and improve your range.

2. Warm up your voice: Before singing, warm up your voice with exercises such as humming, lip trills, and tongue trills.

3. Develop good posture: Stand up straight and keep your shoulders relaxed while singing. This will help you project your voice better.

4. Use proper vocal technique: Focus on supporting your voice with your diaphragm and avoid straining your voice.

5. Practice regularly: Consistent practice will help you develop your baritone voice and improve your range.

## Exercises to strengthen your baritone range

1. Scales: Start with C major scales and gradually move up to higher keys. Focus on singing each note with clear and consistent tone.

2. Arpeggios: Practice major arpeggios to build finger strength and dexterity.

3. Octave jumps: Practice jumping between octaves to build range and flexibility.

4. Vocal runs: Practice running up and down the scale to build speed and agility.

5. Lip slurs: Practice slurring between notes to build tongue dexterity and articulation.

## Tips for selecting songs that suit your voice type

1. Choose songs that fall within your vocal range.

2. Select songs that showcase your unique vocal qualities.

3. Pick songs that match your musical style and genre.

4. Consider the lyrics and melody of the song to ensure they suit your voice and personal taste.

## Recording and sharing your music

1. Use a high-quality microphone and recording equipment to capture your voice accurately.

2. Edit your recordings to remove any mistakes or imperfections.

3. Share your recordings on social media platforms or music sharing websites to get feedback from other musicians and fans.

## Conclusion

Baritone singing can be a rewarding experience for beginners who are willing to put in the time and effort to develop their voice. By practicing proper vocal technique, exercising regularly, and selecting songs that suit your voice type, you can become a confident and skilled baritone singer.


text: Instructional Leadership. - Overview. - Course Information. - Tuition. - Benefits. Specialists in K-12 instructional leadership are needed to expand student achievement through the assessment and improvement of instructional strategies. The Instructional Leadership specialization will provide you with a strong background in the supervision of instruction, curriculum, diversity and analysis of the instructional capacity of K-12 schools. You will explore current theories and practices that can help improve student achievement. You will also learn to assess and interpret data, and examine the culture of learning and instructional improvement and reform. As a graduate, you will have developed the knowledge and skills to become an instructional leader in K-12 schools. You will also be prepared to pursue doctoral studies in Instructional Leadership at NCU if you want to further advance your professional credentials..

textbook:
Lesson Title: Instructional Leadership

## Section 1: Introduction to Instructional Leadership

Instructional leadership refers to the process of providing guidance and support to teachers and other educators in order to improve the quality of instruction and enhance student learning outcomes. In this lesson, we will explore the core concepts of instructional leadership, including its definition, importance, and benefits.

### Questions and Answers:

**Question:** What is instructional leadership?

**Answer:** Instructional leadership refers to the process of providing guidance and support to teachers and other educators in order to improve the quality of instruction and enhance student learning outcomes.

**Question:** Why is instructional leadership important?

**Answer:** Instructional leadership is important because it helps to ensure that all students have access to high-quality instruction that is tailored to their individual needs. By providing support and guidance to teachers, instructional leaders can help to create a culture of continuous improvement, which ultimately leads to better student outcomes.

**Question:** What are the benefits of instructional leadership?

**Answer:** The benefits of instructional leadership include improved student achievement, increased teacher job satisfaction, and enhanced school culture. Instructional leaders can also help to identify areas where additional professional development is needed, which can lead to more effective teaching practices.

## Section 2: Key Concepts in Instructional Leadership

There are several key concepts that are essential to understanding instructional leadership. These include:

1. Supervision: Instructional leaders must be able to supervise and evaluate the instructional practices of their staff. This involves observing classrooms, providing feedback, and identifying areas for improvement.

2. Curriculum: Instructional leaders must be knowledgeable about the curriculum and be able to make informed decisions about which instructional strategies will be most effective for their students.

3. Diversity: Instructional leaders must be able to recognize and address issues related to diversity in the classroom. This includes understanding the needs of students from different cultural backgrounds and creating inclusive learning environments.

4. Data Analysis: Instructional leaders must be able to analyze data related to student achievement and use this information to guide their decision-making processes.

## Section 3: Applying Instructional Leadership Skills

Instructional leaders can apply their skills in a variety of ways, including:

1. Collaborating with Teachers: Instructional leaders can work with teachers to identify areas where additional support is needed and develop plans to address these issues.

2. Analyzing Data: Instructional leaders can analyze data related to student achievement and use this information to guide their decision-making processes.

3. Providing Professional Development: Instructional leaders can provide professional development opportunities for teachers to help them improve their instructional practices.

4. Evaluating Instructional Practices: Instructional leaders can observe classrooms and provide feedback to teachers on their instructional practices.

## Glossary:

- Supervision: The process of overseeing and guiding the work of others, particularly in the context of instruction.
- Curriculum: The set of courses, content, and materials that are used in teaching and learning.
- Diversity: The range of human differences, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and ability.
- Data Analysis: The process of collecting, organizing, and analyzing data to draw conclusions and inform decision-making.

## Conclusion:

In conclusion, instructional leadership is an essential component of any successful educational institution. By providing guidance and support to teachers and other educators, instructional leaders can help to create a culture of continuous improvement that leads to better student outcomes. By understanding the key concepts of instructional leadership and applying these skills in practical ways, instructional leaders can make a significant impact on the quality of instruction and student learning outcomes.


text:
When BitPay was founded back in 2011, bitcoin was in its infancy. It was difficult to convert local currencies into bitcoin or to find retailers who would accept it as payment.

In just a few years, so much has changed. Over 100,000 merchants worldwide are now accepting bitcoin - and more than 60,000 of those are processing their transactions through BitPay. Our merchants are located across 6 continents and 92 different countries.

As we cross the halfway point of this year, we've decided to share and review some of our own statistics to paint a better picture of the state of Bitcoin around the world in 2015.

Volumes in the European region have always closely tracked the number of transactions in North America, but in the final quarter of 2014 and the first two quarters of 2015, we have seen transaction volumes rapidly accelerate, reaching an all-time high of 102,221 transactions per quarter (34,074 per month).

The rapid increase may be attributed to the ecommerce merchants who are going global in addition to the recent payment service providers (PSPs) we have partnered with in the region. Traditional payments systems in Europe are still very localized and disjointed throughout the continent. Bitcoin is a great option for European businesses because it is a truly global payment method which is not country specific.

You could also say that Europeans are more accustomed to using alternative payment methods. Currently there are more than 250 local payment methods used in the world. Most European consumers will use multiple payment methods in order to make purchases from multiple countries. Merchants in Europe use payments service providers to aggregate all those payment methods into one solution, but bitcoin already provides an all-in-one payment method.

Latin America

When we look more closely at transaction volumes from Q1 and Q2 2015, we can see that although transaction volumes increased across all territories, the largest percentage increase by far took place in Latin America.

From February to March 2015, we saw the volume of bitcoin transactions in Latin America more than triple. Latin America is proving to be an incredibly favorable environment for bitcoin. A high proportion of the population has little or no access to traditional financial services. This in addition to high inflation rates and government restrictions on currency exchange in countries such as Argentina has forced citizens to seek alternatives to their local currencies.

These transaction figures are a testament to just how rapidly this adoption is taking place, revealing a 510% increase in Latin America's bitcoin transactions from 2014 to 2015, compared to an increase of only 70% in Europe. The transaction numbers over the last 6 months can only be described as hockey stick growth, with nearly a 26% increase from April to May 2015 and a 40% increase from May to June.

Top 20 Countries By Number of Merchants

Less than 1/3 of our merchants are now located in the United States, with over 40,000 merchants now accepting bitcoin payments through BitPay across 91 other countries worldwide.

11 of the top 20 countries by number of merchants are located in Europe, a region that hosts just under 50% of all our merchants.

United States Germany United Kingdom Belize Netherlands Canada Switzerland Sweden Hong Kong Seychelles Cyprus Romania Bulgaria United Arab Emirates Australia India France Norway Panama Gibraltar

Top Industries

The top industries in terms of bitcoin acceptance remain remarkably consistent. IT Services, including website hosting, registrars, and VPN services represents over a third of all merchant types.

The merchant type 'Other' represents 22.9% of all merchants and comprises a broad range of retailers, enabling bitcoin owners to spend their coins on everything from high-end watches to charity donations. Also, 2-3% of our total transaction volume is spent within the gaming industry.

Financial services represent a growing proportion of our merchants and partners, as the financial services industry continues to realize the potential of bitcoin to revolutionize their business.

Gift cards are a consistently popular category (9% of merchants), as shoppers, keen to spend their bitcoins, often use gift cards as a way of spending the currency with merchants who do not directly accept the currency.

Finishing 2015

This past year we have observed bitcoin adoption take off despite the bitcoin price taking a downward turn. Latin America has seen the most rapid growth, and we expect to see this trend continue in the coming months. Europe has shown consistent growth over the past year – possibly due to the need for a solution to the fragmented payment systems within the region. While North America hasn't seen impressive growth over the past year, it has had a fairly fixed amount of transactions. As time goes on, we anticipate seeing slow and steady growth in this region as merchants start considering using bitcoin to solve more complex business problems. Overall, these statistics are quite encouraging and will surely provide momentum to finish out the 2015 calendar year.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Cryptocurrency

## Section 1: What is Cryptocurrency?

Cryptocurrency is a digital or virtual form of currency that uses cryptography for security. It operates on a decentralized network called blockchain, which records and verifies all transactions. Bitcoin, launched in 2009, is the most popular cryptocurrency.

## Section 2: How does Cryptocurrency work?

Cryptocurrencies use cryptography to secure transactions and control the creation of new units. Users send and receive cryptocurrencies by creating electronic signatures with a pair of cryptographic keys (private and public). The decentralized blockchain network validates transactions, preventing any single person or group from manipulating the system.

## Section 3: Why use Cryptocurrency?

Cryptocurrencies offer several advantages over traditional currencies. They are secure, transparent, and fast. Transactions are processed instantly, without intermediaries like banks or governments, reducing fees and increasing privacy.

## Section 4: Real-World Examples

Companies like Microsoft, Expedia, and Subway accept cryptocurrencies as payment. Investors trade cryptocurrencies on online exchanges, while developers use them to create decentralized applications (DApps) on platforms like Ethereum.

## Glossary
- Cryptography: the practice of securing information by converting it into a code that can only be deciphered by authorized parties
- Blockchain: a decentralized, distributed ledger that records and verifies transactions
- Wallet: a software program that stores private and public keys and enables users to send and receive cryptocurrencies
- Fiat currency: government-issued money, like US dollars or euros

Conclusion:

Understanding cryptocurrencies is essential in today's digital age. They offer innovative solutions to traditional financial challenges. By learning about their mechanisms, benefits, and applications, you can participate in this growing global economy.


text: Get in touch. Chat to one of our experts on 0208 191 7772 or send an enquiry to start planning your trip. Chile’s wine region can be visited most of the year due to a year round Mediterranean style climate. A great time to visit, however, is during late February to April because this is when the harvest is on and the Autumn colours are on display. The spring (October and November) is also a lovely time with pleasant temperatures. The summer, between December and February, is the hottest and driest time of year and therefore the busiest.. Chile’s wine lands are a must-do for any wine connoisseur. Below are our highlights and best reasons to visit.. We will not cut corners and take the time to make sure your itinerary is perfectly suited to you. All our trips come with 24 hour emergency assistance so you are looked after from start to finish

textbook:
**Lesson: How to Plan a Trip**
## Introduction
Planning a trip can be an exciting experience, but it can also be overwhelming if you don't know where to start. In this lesson, we will cover the basics of trip planning, including choosing a destination, finding accommodations, and creating an itinerary. By the end of this lesson, you will have the skills and knowledge needed to plan your own trip.
## Section 1: Choosing a Destination
### Topic 1: Researching Different Destinations
When planning a trip, the first step is to research different destinations to find the perfect spot for your trip. You can start by looking at travel websites, blogs, and guidebooks to get ideas for places to visit. Consider factors such as weather, cost of living, and popular attractions when choosing a destination.
### Topic 2: Deciding on a Budget
Once you have chosen a destination, it's time to decide on a budget. Your budget will determine how long you can stay, what activities you can do, and where you can stay. Be realistic when setting your budget and make sure to leave some wiggle room for unexpected expenses.
### Topic 3: Choosing the Best Time to Travel
The best time to travel depends on the destination and your preferences. For example, if you want to avoid crowds and save money, consider traveling during the off-season. If you want to experience the local culture, consider traveling during a local festival or event.
## Section 2: Finding Accommodations
### Topic 1: Researching Accommodation Options
There are many accommodation options to choose from, including hotels, hostels, vacation rentals, and camping. Research each option to find the one that best fits your needs and budget.
### Topic 2: Booking Accommodations
Once you have chosen your accommodation type, it's time to book. Make sure to read reviews and compare prices before booking. Also, consider booking directly with the hotel or vacation rental owner to get the best price.
### Topic 3: Understanding Cancellation Policies
Before booking, make sure to understand the cancellation policy. Some accommodations may offer free cancellation up to a certain date, while others may charge a fee. Be sure to understand the policy before booking to avoid any surprises.
## Section 3: Creating an Itinerary
### Topic 1: Planning Activities
Once you have chosen a destination and found accommodations, it's time to plan activities. Research local attractions, events, and tours to find activities that fit your interests and budget.
### Topic 2: Building a Daily Schedule
Create a daily schedule that includes all planned activities, meals, and transportation. This will help you stay organized and make the most of your time.
### Topic 3: Leaving Room for Spontaneity
While it's important to plan ahead, don't forget to leave room for spontaneity. Travel is all about exploring and discovering new things, so be open to changing your plans if something interesting comes up.
## Conclusion
In conclusion, planning a trip can be a fun and rewarding experience. By following the steps outlined in this lesson, you can choose the perfect destination, find accommodations that fit your needs and budget, and create an itinerary that allows you to make the most of your time. Remember to leave room for spontaneity and enjoy the journey.
## Glossary
- Destination: The place you are traveling to
- Budget: The amount of money you have set aside for your trip
- Accommodation: A place to stay during your trip
- Itinerary: A plan of activities for your trip
- Attraction: A place of interest to visit
- Schedule: A plan of daily activities and events
- Spontaneity: The ability to change plans on the fly
## References
- Lonely Planet. (2021). Travel Guide. Retrieved from [insert URL]
- TripAdvisor. (2021). Travel Planning Tips. Retrieved from [insert URL]


text: Wafa Assurance. Sharp increase in subsidiaries’ contribution to consolidated sales in 2021. At the end of the 2021 financial year, the Wafa Assurance Group recorded consolidated sales of DH 9.785 billion, an increase of 7.8% compared to 2020. The contribution of subsidiaries (internationally) in consolidated sales rose to 14.1% in 2021 from 12.5% in 2020. According to the insurer, the consolidated turnover for the year 2021 amounted … Read more

textbook:
Lesson: How to Analyze Financial Statements

Introduction:
Financial statements are essential tools that provide insight into a company's financial health and performance. In this lesson, we will learn how to analyze financial statements to make informed decisions about investments, loans, or partnerships.

Section 1: Understanding Financial Statements
- Financial statements consist of three main components: income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement.
- The income statement shows revenues, expenses, and net income over a specific period.
- The balance sheet displays a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a particular point in time.
- The cash flow statement illustrates cash inflows and outflows during a period.

Section 2: Analyzing Financial Statements
- Start by examining the income statement to understand a company's revenues, expenses, and profitability.
- Look for trends in revenue growth, cost of goods sold, operating expenses, and net income over time.
- Compare the company's financial ratios with industry benchmarks to identify strengths and weaknesses.
- Use the balance sheet to assess a company's financial position and liquidity.
- Check for changes in current assets, long-term assets, current liabilities, and long-term liabilities.
- Analyze the cash flow statement to determine the company's cash inflows and outflows.
- Investigate the reasons behind cash inflows and outflows and their impact on the company's financial health.

Section 3: Practical Examples
- Suppose you are considering investing in a company with a $10 million market capitalization.
- Analyze the income statement to ensure that the company is profitable and has consistent revenue growth.
- Examine the balance sheet to ensure that the company has adequate assets and minimal liabilities.
- Analyze the cash flow statement to confirm that the company generates positive cash flows and has enough cash reserves to cover its expenses.

Glossary:
- Market capitalization: the total market value of a publicly traded company's outstanding shares.
- Liquidity: the ability of an asset to be converted into cash quickly and without causing a significant loss of value.

Conclusion:
Analyzing financial statements is a crucial skill for anyone interested in making informed decisions about investments, loans, or partnerships. By understanding the components of financial statements and analyzing them effectively, you can gain valuable insights into a company's financial health and performance. Applying these skills to real-world scenarios can help you make better decisions and avoid potential risks.


text: My latest abstracted figure painting, placing the figures closer together. My hope through this and my colour choices was to express some uneasiness inside the easiness. To my surprise the overall effect was pattern emerging! I also noticed some eye-tricking motion, flowing from the bottom corners of the painting towards the centre. I tried to emphasize this with additional subtle changes in colour. I am getting really interested in optical illusion and its possibilities. This is nothing new, as I recall drawings from my teenage years in Vasarely’s style. I lost my interest fairly soon after admitting that his art was too recognizably unique, not a viable option for me. I see something potentially exciting happening here, a chance for a unique approach that I would like to experiment with more in the future. But I am well aware that it is in its embryo stage now. And sculpture is still my priority.

textbook:
Lesson: Abstract Art and Optical Illusions

Introduction:
Abstract art is a form of art that does not depict any recognizable objects or subjects. Instead, it uses colors, shapes, and textures to create a visual representation of emotions, ideas, or sensations. One of the most interesting aspects of abstract art is its ability to create optical illusions. These illusions can trick our eyes and minds into seeing things that are not actually there, or they can make us see familiar objects in a new way.

Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is to explore the relationship between abstract art and optical illusions. We will learn about how artists use color, shape, and texture to create abstract works of art that can deceive our senses. We will also discover the history of optical illusions and how they have been used in art throughout history.

Section 1: What is Abstract Art?
Abstract art is a type of art that does not represent any recognizable objects or subjects. Instead, it uses colors, shapes, and textures to create a visual representation of emotions, ideas, or sensations.

Question: What is an example of abstract art?
Answer: One example of abstract art is Wassily Kandinsky's "Composition VII."

Section 2: Optical Illusions in Art
Optical illusions are visual phenomena that can deceive our senses. They can make us see things that are not actually there, or they can make us see familiar objects in a new way.

Question: What is an example of an optical illusion in art?
Answer: One example of an optical illusion in art is M.C. Escher's "Ascending and Descending."

Section 3: Creating Optical Illusions with Abstract Art
Artists can use abstract art to create optical illusions. They can use color, shape, and texture to trick our eyes and minds into seeing things that are not actually there.

Question: How can artists create optical illusions with abstract art?
Answer: Artists can create optical illusions with abstract art by using color, shape, and texture to deceive our senses. For example, they can use contrasting colors to create the illusion of depth or use lines and shapes to create the illusion of movement.

Glossary:
- Abstract Art: A type of art that does not represent any recognizable objects or subjects.
- Optical Illusion: A visual phenomenon that can deceive our senses.
- Color: The quality of light that is reflected from an object.
- Shape: The form or contour of an object or area.
- Texture: The surface quality or characteristics of an object or area.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the relationship between abstract art and optical illusions. We discovered that artists can use color, shape, and texture to create optical illusions that can deceive our senses. We also explored the history of optical illusions in art and how they have been used throughout history. By understanding the core value of this lesson, we can apply these skills to new problems and challenges in the world of art.


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textbook:
# Lesson: Building Arched Doorways
## Introduction
Arched doorways are a classic architectural feature that can add elegance and charm to any space. In this lesson, we will learn about the basics of building arched doorways, including the materials and tools needed, the steps involved, and the benefits of adding this feature to your home or building.
## Materials and Tools
To build an arched doorway, you will need the following materials and tools:
- Lumber (for the frame)
- Drywall (for the arch)
- Screws and nails
- Tape measure
- Level
- Hammer
- Saw
- Sandpaper
- Paint or stain
## Steps
1. Measure the opening where the arched doorway will be built. Make sure to account for the thickness of the drywall and any additional trim or molding you plan to add.
2. Cut two pieces of lumber to serve as the sides of the arch. These should be slightly wider than the opening and taller than the desired height of the arch.
3. Cut a piece of drywall to fit the opening. This should be slightly smaller than the opening to allow for the thickness of the lumber frame.
4. Attach the drywall to the lumber frame using screws or nails. Make sure the drywall is level and securely attached.
5. Install any additional trim or molding around the edges of the arched doorway.
6. Sand any rough edges or imperfections on the drywall and trim.
7. Paint or stain the arched doorway to match the rest of the room or building.
## Benefits
Adding an arched doorway to your home or building can provide several benefits, including:
- Elegance and charm: Arched doorways add a touch of sophistication and class to any space.
- Improved acoustics: The curved shape of an arched doorway can help to absorb sound, making for a quieter and more peaceful environment.
- Increased privacy: Arched doorways can provide a sense of enclosure and privacy, making them ideal for areas such as bedrooms or bathrooms.
## Conclusion
Building an arched doorway is a relatively simple process that can add beauty and functionality to any space. By following the steps outlined above and using the appropriate materials and tools, you can create a stunning arched doorway that will enhance the appearance of your home or building.


text: MOSCOW, Saturday, May 08, 2021 (WAFA) - Russia Saturday condemned Israeli police attacks against Palestinians at Jerusalem's flashpoint al-Aqsa mosque compound and urged both sides to refrain from escalating violence, said the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation in a press statement.. Russia stressed that it is following with deep concern the recent developments, strongly condemning attacks against civilians and calling on all parties to refrain from any steps that could lead to a further escalation of violence.. Russia reaffirmed its firm and consistent position that the expropriation of land and property located on it, and the creation of settlements by Israel in the occupied Palestinian territories, including East Jerusalem, have no legal force.. Russia slammed such actions as a blatant violation of international law, which impede the achievement of a peaceful settlement based on the creation of two states living side by side in peace and security, based on the 1967 borders.. T.R.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to International Relations and Diplomacy

**Objective:** In this lesson, we will learn about the basics of international relations and diplomacy, focusing on the Middle East conflict between Israel and Palestine. We will analyze the statement released by the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and discuss its main points.

**Section 1: Theoretical Concepts**

International relations is the study of how countries interact with each other, while diplomacy is the art of negotiating and communicating between countries to achieve common goals. Diplomacy plays an essential role in international relations, as it helps to maintain peace and cooperation among nations.

**Section 2: Questions and Answers**

1. What is the current conflict between Israel and Palestine?
2. What is the position of Russia regarding this conflict?
3. Why does Russia consider the expropriation of land and properties in East Jerusalem as illegal?
4. How can diplomacy help to resolve the conflict between Israel and Palestine?

**Section 3: Definitions and Examples**

Expropriation: The act of taking private property for public use without compensation.

Example: In 2018, Israel passed a law that allowed it to expropriate privately owned land in the West Bank for settlement expansion.

Settlements: Communities established by people of one country in the territory of another country.

Example: The settlements in the West Bank are considered illegal under international law.

**Section 4: Practical Examples**

In 2021, there were clashes between Palestinians and Israeli police at the al-Aqsa mosque compound in Jerusalem. The Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs condemned these attacks and called on both sides to refrain from escalating violence.

**Glossary**

- International Relations: The study of how countries interact with each other.
- Diplomacy: The art of negotiating and communicating between countries to achieve common goals.
- Expropriation: The act of taking private property for public use without compensation.
- Settlements: Communities established by people of one country in the territory of another country.

**Conclusion**

Diplomacy plays a crucial role in resolving conflicts between countries. By understanding the positions of both sides and negotiating in good faith, it is possible to find common ground and establish peace. This lesson has shown us how Russia, as a major player in international relations, has taken a strong stance against the expropriation of land and properties in East Jerusalem and the creation of settlements in the occupied Palestinian territories. By studying international relations and diplomacy, we can better understand how conflicts arise and how they can be resolved.


text: Food vendors and caterers are required by law to have hand washing facilities available for both themselves and their customers. This is just one of four reasons why Tealwash mobile sink units are essential for food services & catering… . TEALwash supplies mobile warm water hand washing stations ideal for little hands. Designed for crèches and preschools, these are fantastic educational aids which also help to teach little ones about the importance of hygiene.. TEALwash has a range of vehicle mounted units that fit quickly and simply either inside or outside of vehicles. These provide hot water hand washing under running water to mobile industries such as ambulances, food and service vans, and waste disposal trucks.. TEALwash provides a range of mobile electric hand washing units that cater to a variety of industries, including the health and wellness sector.

textbook:
Lesson Title: The Importance of Hand Washing in Food Services and Catering

Introduction:
Hand washing is an essential part of food safety and hygiene. In this lesson, we will learn about the reasons why hand washing is crucial in food services and catering, the different types of hand washing facilities available, and how to maintain good hygiene practices.

Section 1: Why is Hand Washing Important in Food Services and Catering?

Topic 1: Reason 1 - Law Requirements
Food vendors and caterers are required by law to have hand washing facilities available for both themselves and their customers. This means that they must have access to clean running water, soap, and a place to dry their hands. This law is in place to ensure that food is prepared and served safely, reducing the risk of food poisoning and other illnesses.

Topic 2: Reason 2 - Educational Aids for Little Ones
TEALwash mobile sink units are essential for food services & catering because they provide a way for children to learn about the importance of hygiene. By having accessible hand washing facilities, children can learn about proper hand washing techniques and the benefits of clean hands.

Topic 3: Reason 3 - Maintaining Good Hygiene Practices
Hand washing is an essential part of maintaining good hygiene practices in food services and catering. It helps to prevent the spread of germs and bacteria that can cause food poisoning and other illnesses. By having accessible hand washing facilities, food vendors and caterers can ensure that their employees and customers are practicing good hygiene habits.

Topic 4: Reason 4 - Various Industries Requirements
TEALwash has a range of vehicle mounted units that fit quickly and simply either inside or outside of vehicles. These provide hot water hand washing under running water to mobile industries such as ambulances, food and service vans, and waste disposal trucks. These units are essential for maintaining good hygiene practices in these industries.

Discussion:
Why is hand washing important in food services and catering? What are some of the reasons why hand washing facilities are necessary? How do hand washing facilities help to prevent the spread of germs and bacteria?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, hand washing facilities are essential in food services and catering to maintain good hygiene practices and prevent the spread of germs and bacteria. By understanding the reasons why hand washing is important, we can ensure that we are following proper hygiene practices and keeping ourselves and others safe.

Glossary:
- Hand washing: The act of cleaning one's hands with soap and water to remove dirt and germs.
- Germs: Tiny organisms that can cause disease and infection.
- Bacteria: Single-celled microorganisms that can cause infection and illness.
- Food poisoning: Illness caused by consuming food contaminated with germs or bacteria.

Lesson Levels:
Primary School:
- Explain why hand washing is important in food services and catering.
- Identify the reasons why hand washing facilities are necessary.
- Understand the importance of maintaining good hygiene practices.

Middle School:
- Analyze the reasons why hand washing is important in food services and catering.
- Evaluate the impact of hand washing facilities on food safety and hygiene.
- Apply proper hygiene practices in various industries.

High School:
- Research and present the benefits of hand washing in food services and catering.
- Investigate the effects of hand washing facilities on foodborne illnesses.
- Develop and implement a hygiene plan for a food service or catering business.


text: In a break from my usual style, I made my AAR for the Two Emperors War as a stick-figure comic. The background here is that, firstly, both sides had heard from unspecified sources that the other side was going to attack them, and therefore claimed their war was defensive; and secondly, that we were much plagued by bugs, including one which made entire armies disappear, usually just as they were about to launch the war-winning offensive. Egypt was particularly unfortunate in this respect.. The Persian zombies are a reference to an earlier bug, involving doubling army size by exploiting a weird interaction of the mobilisation scheme with vassal rebellions. It was ruled illegal, but the Persians who invented it thereby acquired a reputation as necromancers, which their luck with disappearing Caliphate armies merely cemented..

textbook:
**Lesson:** How to create a stick-figure comic for an after-action report (AAR)

**Introduction:** Creating a visual representation of your AAR can be a fun and engaging way to share your experiences with others. In this lesson, we will learn how to create a stick-figure comic to summarize the events of a wargaming campaign.

**Section 1: Theory**

- A stick-figure comic is a type of visual art that uses simple stick figures to tell a story or convey information.
- Stick figures are easy to draw and can be used to represent any character or object in your AAR.
- You can use a variety of facial expressions and body language to add humor or emphasis to your story.

**Section 2: Practice**

- Begin by sketching out your scene on paper or computer. Decide what characters and objects you want to include and where they will be positioned.
- Draw your stick figures using simple lines and shapes. Keep them consistent in size and shape throughout your comic.
- Use color to add depth and interest to your comic. You can use different colors to represent different characters or objects.
- Add speech bubbles or thought balloons to convey dialogue or inner thoughts.

**Section 3: Examples**

Here is an example of a stick-figure comic for an AAR:

```
Panel 1: Two stick figures standing facing each other. One says, "We've heard rumors that you're planning to attack us!"
Panel 2: The other stick figure responds, "Nope! We're just going to sit here and wait for you to attack us!"
Panel 3: Both stick figures look surprised as an army of zombies appears behind them.
Panel 4: One stick figure exclaims, "Oh no! The Persians have doubled the size of their army again!"
Panel 5: The other stick figure shrugs and says, "Guess we better fight back."
Panel 6: A huge battle ensues, with stick figures running around and shooting arrows.
Panel 7: Eventually, one stick figure declares victory and raises its hands in triumph.
Panel 8: The other stick figure looks sad and says, "Well, at least we got some good practice in."
```

**Glossary**
- Stick figure - a simple drawing of a human figure using lines and shapes to represent arms, legs, and a head.
- Comic - a series of drawings telling a story or conveying information in a sequential manner.
- AAR - After-Action Report - a document or presentation that analyzes a completed military operation or event.

**Conclusion**

Creating a stick-figure comic for your AAR can be a fun and creative way to share your experiences with others. By following the steps outlined in this lesson, you can create a visually engaging summary of your wargaming campaign that will capture the attention of your audience.