text: Preferred Care at Home of National Headquarters | 354 NE 1st Ave Delray Beach, Fl 33444. +. A. Senior Home Care » Blog » Category: "Breast. Honoring the Fight Against Breast Cancer. What You Should Know About Breast Cancer Screening. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women in the United States and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Over the last 35 years, advances in early detection and treatment have reduced the mortality rate of invasive breast cancer by almost 70%.* Even so, breast cancer awareness and ongoing research is essential....

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Breast Cancer Screening

Introduction:
Breast cancer is a common type of cancer that affects women worldwide. Early detection and screening are crucial in preventing the spread of this disease. In this lesson, we will learn about breast cancer screening, its importance, and how it can help save lives.

Section 1: Understanding Breast Cancer Screening

Topic 1: What is breast cancer screening?
Breast cancer screening is a process used to detect the presence of cancer cells in the breasts. It involves the use of various methods such as mammograms, ultrasounds, and MRIs to identify any abnormalities or lumps that may be indicative of cancer.

Topic 2: Why is breast cancer screening important?
Early detection of breast cancer is essential because it increases the chances of successful treatment. When cancer is detected early, it is usually smaller and has not spread to other parts of the body. This makes it easier to treat and increases the likelihood of a full recovery.

Topic 3: Who should get screened for breast cancer?
All women over the age of 40 should get screened for breast cancer regularly. Women with a family history of breast cancer or those who have had breast cancer before should start getting screened earlier and more frequently.

Section 2: Types of Breast Cancer Screening

Topic 1: Mammograms
Mammograms are a type of X-ray that takes a picture of the breast tissue. They are used to detect any lumps or abnormalities that may be indicative of cancer. Mammograms are usually done annually for women over the age of 40.

Topic 2: Ultrasounds
Ultrasounds use sound waves to create images of the inside of the body. They are used to detect any abnormalities in the breast tissue that may be indicative of cancer. Ultrasounds are usually done in addition to mammograms for women with dense breast tissue.

Topic 3: MRIs
MRIs use magnetic fields and radio waves to create images of the body. They are used to detect any abnormalities in the breast tissue that may be indicative of cancer. MRIs are usually done for women with a high risk of developing breast cancer.

Section 3: Practical Examples

Example 1: A woman in her 40s goes for her annual mammogram. The results come back positive for an abnormality. She is referred for a biopsy, which confirms that she has breast cancer. Thanks to early detection, the cancer is caught before it has a chance to spread, and she undergoes successful treatment.

Example 2: A woman in her 50s with a family history of breast cancer starts getting yearly MRIs at the age of 40. At the age of 45, an MRI detects breast cancer in one of her breasts. Thanks to early detection, she undergoes a successful mastectomy and reconstructive surgery.

Conclusion:
Breast cancer screening is an essential tool in the fight against breast cancer. By understanding the importance of early detection and the different types of screening methods available, we can take control of our health and reduce our risk of developing this disease. Remember, knowledge is power, and by being informed, we can make informed decisions about our health and wellbeing.

Glossary:
- Breast cancer: A type of cancer that develops in the cells of the breasts.
- Mammogram: A type of X-ray that takes a picture of the breast tissue.
- Ultrasound: A procedure that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of the inside of the body.
- MRI: A procedure that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create images of the body.

*American Cancer Society. (n.d.). Key Statistics for Breast Cancer in the United States.


text:
Posts Tagged: local government

At the Alliance for Innovation’s recent Transforming Local Government conference, Virginia Beach was awarded a 2015 Innovation Award for its shared-service plan with Norfolk and Chesapeake. Too often, people weigh the cost savings and efficiency of shared services against the risk of job loss and political difficulties and conclude it’s just not worth it. In workingRead… Read more »

Have you ever attended a budget meeting hosted by your city council? You usually are shown PowerPoint presentations filled with pie charts detailing how funds are dispersed. And you have access to your city website’s complete budget breakdown, including the projected one for the next fiscal year. But it may seem as though local governmentRead… Read more »

Triggered by a range of experiences recently I thought I would reflect on my learning journey. So over the last few weeks I’ve been dipping in and out of my blog posts from the last 5 years and thinking about how things have or haven’t changed or even if some of the things that IRead… Read more »

Remember the potential public health threat back in 2005 regarding Avian Flu. Supposedly chickens in China had contracted a flu which was found to be contagious to humans? Worst yet the desease chickens were then infecting other birds – especially migratory birds. Scientists confirmed that birds from China do in fact migrate to the USRead… Read more »

The federal government’s use of social media—including Facebook, Twitter, Flickr, YouTube, and other sites—draws no end of press coverage, and for good reason: in the past three years, federal agencies have been engaging citizens through Facebook (NASA has more fans than the population of Denver, CO) and Twitter (The State Department has more followers thanRead… Read more »

In my continuing quest to ensure that local governments are recognized for the services they provide to the public, I bring you the first of several profiles of local government CIOs. With limited budgets, constraints from the county and state and under the unending watch of citizens, local technology departments are tasked with providing consistentlyRead… Read more »

In April I wrote briefly about Commissioner Audrey Danner from Moffat County, Colorado and her efforts in using social media to connect with her constituents. I had a chance to sit down with Commissioner Danner earlier this month at the Colorado Counties, Inc. summer conference and talk a bit more about Moffat County using FacebookRead… Read more »

Rural local governments across the country have historically had something of a tougher time than their more populated counterparts when it comes to connecting with their citizens. Greater distances, lower incomes, slower Internet access and hesitancy about adaption of certain communications technologies have proven to be the main challenges. This phenomenon is especially prevalent inRead… Read more »

Yesterday, Wisconsin, Maryland and the District of Columbia held primary elections. Yes, presidential primaries, but what some people might not realize is that there were many congressional and local positions up for grabs as well. I had a really cool opportunity to play helper bee yesterday at the DC Board of Elections and Ethics, thanksRead… Read more »

On GovLoop I’ve read plenty of anecdotes about cities getting involved in social media, from a local Department of Transportation that responds to inquiries on Twitter to a local power authority dealing with its namesake being used on social. But what cities are best at social media? A study by the University of Chicago recentlyRead… Read more »

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Local Government

Introduction:
Local government plays a crucial role in our daily lives. It is responsible for providing essential services such as sanitation, roads, and emergency response. However, many people do not understand the importance of local government and its impact on their lives. In this lesson, we will explore the significance of local government and its role in our community.

Section 1: Understanding Local Government

Topic 1: What is Local Government?
Local government is the level of government closest to the people. It is responsible for providing essential services and infrastructure to the community. It includes city councils, town councils, and other local authorities.

Topic 2: Why is Local Government Important?
Local government is important because it provides essential services that affect our daily lives. These services include sanitation, roads, and emergency response. Local government also plays a crucial role in economic development, planning, and zoning.

Topic 3: How does Local Government work?
Local government is made up of elected officials who represent the community. These officials are responsible for making decisions on behalf of the community. They develop policies and budgets that reflect the needs of the community.

Section 2: The Role of Local Government

Topic 4: Providing Essential Services
Local government is responsible for providing essential services such as sanitation, roads, and emergency response. These services are crucial to maintaining a safe and healthy community.

Topic 5: Economic Development
Local government plays a crucial role in economic development. It attracts businesses and creates jobs, which helps to grow the local economy.

Topic 6: Planning and Zoning
Local government is responsible for planning and zoning. This involves creating a vision for the future of the community and ensuring that development aligns with this vision.

Section 3: The Impact of Local Government

Topic 7: Sanitation
Local government is responsible for providing sanitation services such as garbage collection and wastewater treatment. These services help to keep our community clean and healthy.

Topic 8: Roads
Local government is responsible for maintaining roads and infrastructure. This ensures that we can travel safely and efficiently within our community.

Topic 9: Emergency Response
Local government is responsible for providing emergency response services such as fire and ambulance. These services are crucial in times of crisis and help to save lives.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, local government plays a crucial role in our daily lives. It provides essential services such as sanitation, roads, and emergency response. Local government also plays a crucial role in economic development, planning, and zoning. By understanding the importance of local government, we can appreciate the impact it has on our community.


text: Bruce Cowley serves as the Director of Human Resources for Channel Zero Inc., where he oversees all the HR functions for the Channel Zero group of companies.. As a Certified Human Resources Leader, Mr. Cowley has developed an extensive background in a variety of sectors. With over 25 years of direct management and related leadership experience, Mr. Cowley brings solid business acumen to Channel Zero in the areas of Health & Safety, Employee and Labour Relations, Organizational Learning and Development, Recruitment and Retention, and Policy Development.. Inspired by the people and company culture, Mr. Cowley takes great pleasure in his role supporting the high-performing, creative and successful workforce that drives the Channel Zero group of companies.

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Human Resources Management

## Section 1: Overview of Human Resources Management
Human Resources Management (HRM) is the function within an organization that focuses on the management of people, including areas such as recruitment, hiring, and firing of employees; employee benefits and compensation; training and development; and labor relations. HRM is an essential part of any organization, as it helps to ensure that the organization has the right people in place to achieve its goals.

## Section 2: Key Concepts in HRM
There are several key concepts in HRM that are important for students to understand. These include:

1. Recruitment and Selection: This involves finding and attracting potential employees, evaluating their qualifications, and selecting the best candidates for the job.
2. Compensation and Benefits: This involves determining the pay and benefits that employees receive for their work, including base salary, bonuses, and health insurance.
3. Training and Development: This involves providing employees with the necessary skills and knowledge to perform their jobs effectively.
4. Labor Relations: This involves managing relationships with unions and other labor organizations, as well as negotiating contracts and resolving disputes.

## Section 3: Real-World Examples
Here are some examples of how HRM is used in real-world situations:

1. A company may need to recruit and select new employees to fill a number of open positions. The HR department would be responsible for developing job descriptions, posting job listings, reviewing resumes, and conducting interviews to find the best candidates.
2. A company may need to determine the appropriate compensation and benefits for its employees. The HR department would be responsible for researching industry standards, analyzing the cost of benefits, and making recommendations to management.
3. A company may need to provide training and development opportunities for its employees to improve their skills. The HR department would be responsible for identifying areas where employees need improvement, developing training programs, and delivering the training.
4. A company may need to negotiate a contract with a labor union. The HR department would be responsible for representing the company's interests, negotiating a fair agreement, and ensuring that the agreement is implemented fairly and effectively.

## Section 4: Critical Thinking Questions
1. How does HRM contribute to the success of an organization?
2. What are some common challenges in HRM, and how can they be overcome?
3. How does the HR department interact with other departments within an organization?

## Glossary
- HRM: Human Resources Management
- Recruitment and Selection: The process of finding and hiring new employees
- Compensation and Benefits: The pay and benefits that employees receive for their work
- Training and Development: Activities designed to improve employees' skills and knowledge
- Labor Relations: Managing relationships with unions and other labor organizations

## Conclusion
In conclusion, HRM is an essential part of any organization, as it helps to ensure that the organization has the right people in place to achieve its goals. By understanding key concepts in HRM and applying them to real-world situations, students can develop a strong foundation in this important field.


text: There and cyclically-adjusted-price-earnings.. Look Beyond Valuation Measures. A much better guide from our perspective is to focus on productivity measures on a per capita basis as this has a much stronger relationship to true prospective long-term ‘growth’ of a given market. This provides a more reliable earnings outcome, which is consistent with the long-term history of return attribution.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Financial Ratios

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about financial ratios and how they can help us make informed investment decisions. We will cover the following topics:

1. What are financial ratios?
2. Types of financial ratios
3. How to calculate financial ratios
4. Interpreting financial ratios
5. Real-world examples

What are financial ratios?
Financial ratios are mathematical measurements that help us understand a company's financial health and performance. They are calculated by dividing one financial figure by another, such as earnings divided by revenue or debt divided by equity.

Types of financial ratios:
There are several types of financial ratios, including:

1. Liquidity ratios: These ratios measure a company's ability to pay its short-term debts. Examples include the current ratio and the quick ratio.
2. Solvency ratios: These ratios measure a company's ability to meet its long-term obligations. Examples include the debt-to-equity ratio and the interest coverage ratio.
3. Profitability ratios: These ratios measure a company's ability to generate profit. Examples include the gross profit margin and the net profit margin.
4. Efficiency ratios: These ratios measure a company's ability to manage its resources effectively. Examples include the inventory turnover ratio and the asset turnover ratio.

How to calculate financial ratios:
To calculate financial ratios, we need to know the company's financial statements. These include the income statement, the balance sheet, and the cash flow statement. We can find these statements in a company's annual report or on financial websites.

Once we have the financial statements, we can calculate the ratios using formulas. For example, to calculate the current ratio, we divide current assets by current liabilities. To calculate the debt-to-equity ratio, we divide total liabilities by shareholders' equity.

Interpreting financial ratios:
Financial ratios can tell us a lot about a company's financial health and performance. However, we need to interpret them correctly to make informed investment decisions. Here are some tips for interpreting financial ratios:

1. Compare ratios to industry averages: We can compare a company's ratios to industry averages to see if it is performing better or worse than its peers.
2. Compare ratios over time: We can also compare a company's ratios over time to see if it is improving or declining.
3. Use multiple ratios: We should use multiple ratios to get a more complete picture of a company's financial health and performance.

Real-world examples:
Let's say we are considering investing in Company X. We look at its financial statements and calculate several ratios, including the current ratio, the debt-to-equity ratio, and the gross profit margin. We compare these ratios to industry averages and see that Company X is performing better than its peers in several areas. We also compare the ratios over time and see that Company X has been improving in recent years. Based on these ratios, we decide to invest in Company X.

Conclusion:
Financial ratios are an essential tool for understanding a company's financial health and performance. By calculating and interpreting these ratios, we can make informed investment decisions that help us achieve our financial goals.


text: Remember when Lisa Leslie dunked in a WNBA game everyone lost their mind? Hell, any woman dunking a basketball made highlights around the country. Baylor’s other-worldly center Brittney Griner is starting to make dunking a basketball light work. One game after their 42-game winning streak was snapped (their first loss in 20 months) against Stanford, the Lady Bears bounced back to beat University of Tennessee-Martin 82-67.. The story of the game, however, was Griner who broke an NCAA women’s record with her 8th in-game dunk of her career. She broke a record she shared with Candace Parker. Eight dunks and she’s not even out of college, think about that for a second. Safe to say she will be the number one overall pick when she turns pro.. Like TheUrbanDaily.com on Facebook to stay updated with the latest entertainment news and original interviews!

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Basketball

## Section 1: Overview of Basketball
Basketball is a sport played between two teams of usually five players each. The objective of the game is to score more points than the opposing team by shooting a ball through an 18-inch hoop attached to a backboard. The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith, a Canadian physical education instructor. It has since become one of the most popular sports in the world, with millions of people playing and watching it.

## Section 2: Understanding the Game
In basketball, each team takes turns possessing the ball as they try to score points by shooting it into the hoop. The team with the most points at the end of the game wins. The game is controlled by a referee who enforces the rules and calls fouls. There are five main positions in basketball: point guard, shooting guard, small forward, power forward, and center. Each position has specific responsibilities on the court.

## Section 3: Skills and Strategies
To be successful in basketball, players need to develop a range of skills. These include dribbling, passing, shooting, rebounding, and defense. Players must also understand the importance of teamwork, communication, and strategy. Offensive strategies involve setting screens, cutting to the basket, and passing the ball to open teammates. Defensive strategies involve guarding the ball, stealing it, and blocking shots.

## Section 4: Examples and Applications
Basketball can be played at various levels, from amateur to professional. At the amateur level, many people play in school or community leagues. At the professional level, the NBA is the highest level of play. Basketball has also been played in the Olympics since 1936, with the United States winning the most gold medals. Many famous athletes have played basketball, including Michael Jordan, LeBron James, and Kobe Bryant.

## Glossary
- Dunk: A slam dunk is a type of shot in basketball where a player jumps and throws the ball into the hoop with force.
- Hoop: A hoop is a circular ring with an attached net that serves as the target in basketball.
- Backboard: A backboard is a rectangular board attached to the hoop that reflects the ball so it can be easily seen by players and officials.
- NBA: The NBA is the National Basketball Association, the highest professional league in North America.
- Olympics: The Olympics are a major international sports competition that occurs every four years.

Conclusion
Basketball is a fun and exciting sport that requires skill, strategy, and teamwork. Whether you're playing at the recreational level or aspiring to be a professional athlete, understanding the basics of the game can help you improve your skills and enjoy the game more. By mastering the fundamentals and developing good habits, you can become a successful basketball player and contribute to your team's success.


text: Japanese-based operator NTT DoCoMo is testing a mobile-phone prototype that would allow consumers to make mobile payments without having to remove their phone from their pocket. The phone transmits an electronic signal through the body, allowing electronic payments to be made with the touch of a finger.. ————————————————————. It sounds really great until I think about how dependent my life becomes on my cell phone. How would a person’s identity be protected if their cellphone is lost or stolen. In commercialization, would some other form of identification be needed, like a fingerprint + the signal from the cellphone? Hmm… could this lead to the need for everyone to have a chip implanted that contains ID verifying information? Eitherway, I look forward to the obsolescence of cash and coins for everyday use.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Mobile Payments
## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
Mobile payments refer to the use of mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets to make financial transactions. This can be done through various methods such as near field communication (NFC), QR codes, or mobile wallets.
## Section 2: Practical Examples
A practical example of mobile payments is using your smartphone to pay for a purchase at a store. Instead of carrying cash or credit cards, you can use your phone's mobile wallet to complete the transaction. Another example is using NFC to make a payment at a contactless payment terminal.
## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
One real-world scenario of mobile payments is the use of mobile banking apps. These apps allow users to transfer money, check their account balance, and make payments using their phone. Another scenario is the use of mobile payment systems in taxis or ride-sharing services.
## Glossary
- Near Field Communication (NFC): A technology that allows two devices to communicate with each other over short distances.
- QR Code: A type of barcode that can be scanned by a smartphone camera to access information or make a payment.
- Mobile Wallet: An app or feature on a smartphone that allows users to store their credit card or debit card information to make payments.
## Conclusion
Mobile payments are becoming increasingly popular as more people use their smartphones to make financial transactions. By understanding the theoretical concepts, practical examples, and real-world scenarios of mobile payments, we can better understand the benefits and risks associated with this technology. As we continue to use mobile payments, we must remain vigilant in protecting our personal information and identities.


text: 347. Views. Med Marine Delivers 23rd Tugboat to its Harbor Fleet. Med Marine’s new tugboat, MED XXVI, sailed through Istanbul’s Bosphorus on April 16 and joined Med Marine’s national fleet in ?zmit Bay Province.. The vessel is a Robert Allan Design RAmparts 2300-MM tugboat designed exclusively for Med Marine, and it is the third of six RAmparts 2300-MM model tugboats to join the fleet.. The ASD-type high-quality vessel is designed for harbor and terminal operations and coastal towing. She is 23.00 meters long, with a beam of 10.90 meters and a depth of 4.4 meters.. A pair of powerful Caterpillar 3512C diesel engines develop. MED XXVI: RINA C, HULL, MACH, AUT-UMS, Firefighting Ship E with Water Spray, Unrestricted Navigation, Greenstar 3, MLC Design. Med Marine has delivered its new tugboat to Turkey’s Izmit Bay. The total number of Med Marine tugboats operating in Turkey has reached 23.. The products and services herein described in this press release are not endorsed by The Maritime Executive.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Tugboats

### Chapter 1: What is a Tugboat?

**Theoretical Concept:** A tugboat is a type of vessel that assists other boats or ships in navigating through waterways. It can also help in towing barges, pushing or pulling ships in harbors, and other marine operations.

**Practical Example:** Imagine you are driving a car on a busy highway. Suddenly, your car breaks down, and you need help to move it out of the way of other vehicles. In this situation, a tow truck comes to your rescue and pulls your car to the side of the road. Similarly, tugboats assist ships and boats in various marine operations.

**Formula:** There isn't a specific formula for tugboats, but they often have powerful engines and are designed to maneuver in tight spaces.

**Glossary:**
- ASD-type: Azimuthing Stern Drive - a type of tugboat with a rotating propeller that can turn 360 degrees.
- Beam: The width of a ship or boat measured at its widest point.
- Depth: The distance from the top of a ship's hull to the lowest point.
- Diesel engine: An internal combustion engine that uses diesel fuel to generate power.
- RINA C: A classification society that ensures the safety and quality of ships and offshore structures.
- HULL, MACH, AUT-UMS: Class notation that indicates the tugboat meets certain standards set by the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS).
- Firefighting Ship E with Water Spray: Indicates that the tugboat is equipped with firefighting equipment.
- Unrestricted Navigation: Means the tugboat can navigate in any waters without limitations.
- Greenstar 3: A rating system developed by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) that evaluates the environmental performance of ships.

### Chapter 2: Types of Tugboats

**Theoretical Concept:** There are several types of tugboats, each designed for specific tasks. Some common types include harbor tugs, ocean tugs, salvage tugs, and firefighting tugs.

**Practical Example:** Imagine you are in charge of a large shipping company that needs to transport cargo across the ocean. You would require different types of tugboats for different tasks, such as harbor tugs to assist ships in docking, ocean tugs to tow barges across long distances, salvage tugs to rescue ships in distress, and firefighting tugs to fight fires onboard ships.

**Table:** Here is a table that lists some common types of tugboats and their respective functions:

| Type of Tugboat | Function |
| --- | --- |
| Harbor Tug | Assists ships in docking and undocking, pushes or pulls ships in harbors, and helps in mooring and unmooring operations. |
| Ocean Tug | Tow barges across long distances, assist ships in deep waters, and provide assistance during emergencies. |
| Salvage Tug | Rescue ships in distress, recover sunken vessels, and remove wrecks from waterways. |
| Firefighting Tug | Fight fires onboard ships, provide emergency response services, and assist in rescue operations. |

**Formula:** There isn't a specific formula for tugboats, but they often have powerful engines and are designed to maneuver in tight spaces.

**Glossary:**
- Harbor: A place where ships can dock and load or unload cargo.
- Ocean: A vast body of saltwater covering most of the Earth's surface.
- Salvage: The process of recovering valuable materials from a shipwreck or other underwater site.
- Firefighting: The act of preventing, detecting, and extinguishing fires.

### Chapter 3: Applications of Tugboats

**Theoretical Concept:** Tugboats are used in various marine operations, including towing barges, assisting ships in navigation, and providing emergency response services.

**Practical Example:** Imagine you are a captain of a container ship sailing through a busy shipping lane. Suddenly, your ship's engine fails, and you need assistance to reach the nearest port. In this situation, a tugboat would come to your rescue and tow your ship to safety.

**Table:** Here is a table that lists some common applications of tugboats:

| Application | Function |
| --- | --- |
| Towing Barges | Transport heavy cargo or equipment over long distances. |
| Assisting Ships in Navigation | Help ships navigate through narrow channels, tight turns, or strong currents. |
| Providing Emergency Response Services | Rescue ships in distress, fight fires onboard ships, and provide assistance during accidents or disasters. |
| Dredging Operations | Remove sediment from the bottom of waterways to deepen channels and improve navigation. |
| Offshore Support | Assist in oil and gas exploration, construction of offshore platforms, and maintenance of offshore structures. |

**Formula:** There isn't a specific formula for tugboats, but they often have powerful engines and are designed to maneuver in tight spaces.

**Glossary:**
- Barge: A flat-bottomed boat, especially one designed for carrying heavy cargo.
- Channel: A natural or artificial waterway for boats and ships to travel through.
- Dredging: The process of removing sediment from the bottom of a body of water.
- Offshore: Relating to or situated at sea or on the coast.


text:
Q:

How do I save dynamically generated API content from a view to a SQLite3 database?

I have an application where the user can search for albums by artist. My search makes an API call to iTunes and I display the top 25 results as a simple table:

      Artist
      Album
      Genre

    <% @search_results.each do |album| %>

        <%= album['artistName'] %>
        <%= album['collectionName'] %>
        <%= album['primaryGenreName'] %>
        <%= link_to "Add to Library", albums_url, method: 'post' %>

    <% end %>

In the last column I want to have a button that the user could click which would save that row (a specific album) to the database. I would only be saving the three columns listed to the database.
I'm having a little trouble figuring out the logic behind scraping my own page and saving those objects, and how that would work in my controller. For reference I have a simple Rails 4 application using SQLite3 in development.

A:

The dead simplest way to do this, no JavaScript etc., would be to make a link
= link_to 'Save', albums_url({ :album => { :artist_name => album['artistName'], :collection_name => album['collectionName'], :primary_genre_name => album['primaryGenreName'] }) , method: 'post'

where the hash argument to albums_url(hash_argument) is the parameters for the album.

textbook:
To save dynamically generated API content from a view to a SQLite3 database, you can use a combination of Ruby and SQL commands. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to do this:

1. First, you need to set up a SQLite3 database. You can do this by creating a new file in your project directory and running the following command in your terminal:

```
sqlite3 db.sqlite3
```

This will open up a SQLite3 console where you can create a new database. Once you have created the database, you can close the console by typing `exit`.

2. Next, you need to create a table in your database to store the album information. You can do this by running the following command in your terminal:

```sql
CREATE TABLE albums (
  id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
  artist TEXT NOT NULL,
  album TEXT NOT NULL,
  genre TEXT NOT NULL
);
```

This will create a table called `albums` with four columns: `id`, `artist`, `album`, and `genre`. The `id` column will be an auto-incrementing integer that will act as the primary key for each row.

3. Now that you have your database set up, you need to figure out how to scrape your own page and save the album information to the database. One way to do this is by using a gem called `nokogiri`. Here's an example of how you can use `nokogiri` to scrape your own page:

```ruby
require 'nokogiri'
require 'open-uri'
require 'sqlite3'
require 'active_record'

# Connect to the database
ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(
  adapter: 'sqlite3',
  database: 'my_app.db'
)

class Album < ActiveRecord::Base
end

def scrape_page(url)
  doc = Nokogiri::HTML(open(url))
  albums = []

  # Scrape the album information from the page
  # and add it to the albums array
  # ...

  return albums
end

# Save the albums to the database
scrape_page('http://example.com/search').each do |album|
  Album.create(artist: album['artist'], album: album['name'], genre: album['genre'])
end
```

In this example, the `scrape_page` method takes a URL as an argument and returns an array of albums. You would need to modify this method to match the structure of your own page. Once you have scraped the album information from the page, you can use ActiveRecord to save it to the database.

4. Finally, you need to add a button to your view that will trigger the scraper and save the album information to the database. You can do this by adding the following code to your view:

```html
<%= button_to "Save Album", scrape_page_path %>
```

This will add a button to your view that says "Save Album". When the user clicks on this button, it will trigger the `scrape_page` method and save the album information to the database.

In summary, to save dynamically generated API content from a view to a SQLite3 database, you need to set up a database, create a table to store the album information, use a gem like `nokogiri` to scrape the page, and then use ActiveRecord to save the information to the database. You also need to add a button to your view that triggers the scraper and saves the information.


text: The pan-European fiber operator Interoute added a bit more fiber to its network at its southern frontier this morning. They've added a new route to the rest of Europe from their landing stations in Mazaro del Vallo on the island of Sicily and Bari on the Adriatic Sea.. That's the toe and the heel of the boot for those with a more visual image of Italy, and the new route follows the southern coastline while adding 1,300 route kilometers of fiber. It provides new diversity to those submarine cables that land there rather then go all the way up to Marseilles, supplying three new 100G routes back to the rest of Interoute's European fiber network.. More of Interoute's focus lately has gone toward its cloud services, so it's nice to see a bit of news on the fiber side. They did also make an inorganic move up in the UK with the purchase of Vtesse last year, giving them deeper British reach.. Discuss this Post

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Fiber Optics

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
Fiber optics is a technology that uses thin, flexible strands of glass or plastic to transmit light. This light carries information from one place to another, allowing us to send data over long distances without losing quality. Fiber optics has revolutionized communication, making it possible for people all over the world to communicate instantly and securely.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
One practical example of fiber optics is in telecommunications. When you make a phone call or send an email, the data travels through a network of fiber optic cables. These cables are made of thin strands of glass or plastic that carry light signals. The light travels through the cable until it reaches its destination, where it is converted into an electrical signal and sent to your phone or computer.

Another practical example is in the medical field. Fiber optics is used in endoscopes, which are thin tubes with a camera and light on the end. The light travels through the tube and illuminates the area being examined, allowing doctors to see inside the body.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
One real-world scenario where fiber optics is used is in undersea communications. Many of the world's major cities are located near bodies of water, and fiber optic cables are often laid across the ocean floor to connect them. This allows for fast and reliable communication between these cities, even though they are separated by large distances.

Another real-world scenario is in the military. Fiber optics is used in communication systems for aircraft, ships, and ground vehicles. This allows for secure and reliable communication between these units, even in areas where traditional radio waves might be disrupted.

## Section 4: Glossary
- Fiber optics: A technology that uses thin, flexible strands of glass or plastic to transmit light.
- Telecommunications: The field of technology that deals with communication between devices.
- Endoscope: A medical instrument that uses fiber optics to illuminate the inside of the body.
- Undersea communications: The use of fiber optic cables to connect cities located near bodies of water.
- Military communication systems: Communication systems used by the military to communicate securely and reliably.

## Conclusion
Fiber optics is a fascinating and important technology that allows us to communicate over long distances quickly and securely. By understanding the theoretical concepts, practical examples, and real-world scenarios of fiber optics, we can appreciate its importance and application in our daily lives.


text: Nimagen is a Dutch company supplying to Europe alternative reagents for Applied Biosystems sequencers.. Advantages of using Nimagen products are:. - Comparable with other products reliability and dilution capacity;. - The ability to use products using standard protocols and settings, without changing the previously existing analysis parameters;. - High reading accuracy with GT-parts;. - Uniform peak height and optimal signal balance;. - Reduction in the cost of analyzes.. Nimagen supplies the entire range of supplies for the 3100, 3130, 3130XL, 3500, 3500XL, 3730 and 3730XL ABI Genetic Analyzers:. - Sets of BrightDye Terminator sequencing reagents;. - Polymers NanoPOP;. - Buffer solutions for capillary electrophoresis;. - Kits for cleaning the reaction mixture, for purification of the PCR product;. - DNA length standards (red, orange, double);. - Reagents for the isolation of ND;. - A solution for the cleaning of capillaries Care, a solution of formamide and much more.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Supply Chain Management

**Section 1: What is Supply Chain Management?**
Supply chain management is the process of managing the flow of goods and services from supplier to consumer. It involves coordinating and optimizing the entire process, from sourcing raw materials to delivering finished products to customers. This includes managing inventory, transportation, warehousing, and production processes.

**Section 2: Why is Supply Chain Management Important?**
Effective supply chain management is essential for businesses to remain competitive and profitable. It helps to reduce costs, improve customer satisfaction, and increase efficiency. By managing the supply chain effectively, businesses can ensure that they have the right products in the right place at the right time, which can lead to higher profits and better customer service.

**Section 3: How does Supply Chain Management Work?**
Supply chain management involves several steps, including planning, sourcing, making, delivering, and returning. Planning involves forecasting demand and determining what products to produce and when. Sourcing involves finding suppliers who can provide the necessary raw materials and components. Making involves producing the products according to the plan. Delivering involves shipping the finished products to customers. Returning involves handling returns and refunds.

**Section 4: Examples of Supply Chain Management**
One example of supply chain management is the production and distribution of smartphones. The process begins with sourcing raw materials such as metals, plastics, and glass. These materials are then transported to factories where they are used to produce the components of the smartphone. The components are then assembled into finished products and transported to warehouses. Finally, the smartphones are shipped to retail stores or directly to customers.

**Section 5: Conclusion**
Supply chain management is a critical component of any business that produces and sells products. By managing the supply chain effectively, businesses can reduce costs, improve customer satisfaction, and increase profitability. By understanding the principles of supply chain management, students can develop the skills necessary to succeed in a variety of industries.


text:
Screening for latent tuberculosis infection among patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the era of biologics and targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in India, a high-burden TB country: The importance of Mantoux and Quantiferon-TB Gold tests.
To test the validity of an augmented tuberculosis skin test (a-TST) combined with Quantiferon TB-gold® (QFTG) test for the screening of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) being considered for treatment with biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs or targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Standard TST using 1 tuberculin unit (TU) of purified protein derivative (PPD, RT23 strain) was carried out. If the positivity was less as compared to the general population, then a-TST using 10 TU PPD was employed. Simultaneously, QFTG test was also performed. Using standard TST, 6/44 (13.6%), patients were positive compared to the reported figures of ~ 40% of the general population; 38 of the remaining TST-negative patients were then given an a-TST with 10 TU PPD; eight of them dropped out. Of the remaining 30 patients, eight (26.6%) were positive. Another 70 patients tested directly with a-TST; 22 (31.4%) were found positive. Thus, of a total of 100 patients tested with a-TST, 30 (30%) were positive. In 54 a-TST negative patients, QFTG was done; seven (13%) were positive. Thus, in combined a-TST with QFTG, 43% of the RA patients were found positive, suggestive of the presence of LTBI. Combined a-TST with QFTG testing gave 43% positivity among RA patients, which is close to the reported ~ 40% Mantoux positivity in the general population. Therefore, this method for the screening of LTBI in Indian patients with RA being considered for tumor necrosis factor alpha treatment could be satisfactory for offsetting TB flare. It may apply to other high-burden TB countries around the world.

textbook:
Lesson: Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Era of Biologics and Targeted Synthetic Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs in India

Introduction:
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in India, with an estimated incidence rate of 2.8 million cases per year. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients are at a higher risk of developing TB due to their immunosuppressive treatment. Therefore, screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among RA patients is crucial before starting any immunosuppressive therapy.

Objectives:
The aim of this lesson is to understand the importance of Mantoux and Quantiferon-TB Gold tests in screening for LTBI among RA patients in India, a high-burden TB country.

Section 1: Importance of Mantoux and Quantiferon-TB Gold Tests

Mantoux Test:
The Mantoux test is a skin test that uses a solution of tuberculin protein to detect LTBI. It involves injecting a small amount of tuberculin into the skin and observing the reaction after 48-72 hours. A positive result indicates a reaction of 10mm or more.

Quantiferon-TB Gold Test:
The Quantiferon-TB Gold test is a blood test that measures the patient's immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is highly specific and sensitive, making it a better alternative to the Mantoux test.

Section 2: Validity of Augmented Tuberculosis Skin Test (a-TST) Combined with Quantiferon TB-gold® (QFTG) Test

A study was conducted to test the validity of an augmented tuberculosis skin test (a-TST) combined with Quantiferon TB-gold® (QFTG) test for the screening of LTBI in patients with RA being considered for treatment with biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs or targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.

Results:
The study found that the a-TST combined with QFTG test had a higher sensitivity than the standard TST, making it a better option for screening LTBI in RA patients.

Section 3: Conclusion and Application

In conclusion, the a-TST combined with QFTG test is a more effective method for screening LTBI among RA patients in India, a high-burden TB country. This test can help identify patients who are at a higher risk of developing TB during immunosuppressive treatment, allowing for timely intervention and prevention strategies.

Glossary:
- Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI): A condition where a person has been infected with TB bacteria but does not have active TB disease.
- Quantiferon-TB Gold test: A blood test that measures the patient's immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- Augmented tuberculosis skin test (a-TST): A modified version of the standard TST that uses a higher concentration of PPD to detect LTBI.

Lesson Summary:
This lesson discussed the importance of Mantoux and Quantiferon-TB Gold tests in screening for LTBI among RA patients in India. We also explored the validity of an a-TST combined with QFTG test and its application in identifying patients at a higher risk of developing TB during immunosuppressive treatment.


text: Article. The Newmarket mill redevelopment was part of the town's downtown revitalization strategy to provide new tax revenue, business opportunities and jobs. It stands as a tribute to this productive and hardworking community of the past and present.. In 1823, the Newmarket Manufacturing Company built its first mill along the Lamprey River, dominating the waterfront and the economy of Newmarket, New Hampshire. became hard to get during the Civil War, the company expanded operations to include the manufacture of silk textiles. During its peak production, 700 employees made up to 300,000 yards of cotton products each week, and 2.7 million yards of silk cloth each year. The mills operated continuously at this site until 1929 when a dispute between mill owners and workers erupted leading to their closure..

textbook:
Lesson 1: Introduction to the Newmarket Mills Redevelopment Project

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

The Newmarket Mills Redevelopment Project is an example of how communities can revitalize their downtown areas by repurposing old industrial buildings. This project has provided new tax revenue, business opportunities, and jobs for the people of Newmarket, New Hampshire.

### Section 2: Practical Examples

The Newmarket Mills were originally built in 1823 to produce cotton products. During their peak production, they employed 700 workers who produced up to 300,000 yards of cotton products each week and 2.7 million yards of silk cloth each year. However, in 1929, a dispute between mill owners and workers led to their closure.

### Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

Why do you think the Newmarket Mills closed down in 1929? What could have been done to prevent this from happening? How does the Newmarket Mills Redevelopment Project benefit the community?

### Glossary
- Revitalization: The process of restoring an area to a better condition than it was before
- Tax revenue: Money collected by the government from businesses and individuals to fund public services
- Business opportunities: Chances to make money by starting or expanding a business
- Jobs: Paid work that people do to earn money
- Industrial: Relating to the manufacture of goods in large quantities, usually using machines
- Redevelopment: The process of building new structures or improving existing ones in an area

### Conclusion

The Newmarket Mills Redevelopment Project is a great example of how communities can use old industrial buildings to create new business opportunities, jobs, and tax revenue. By understanding the history of the Newmarket Mills and the reasons behind their closure, we can learn how to prevent similar situations from happening in the future. By applying these skills to other situations, we can help our communities thrive and grow.


text: and why the idea is useful. A virtue is a trait or quality deemed to be morally good and thus valued as a foundation of principle and moral being. Personal virtues are characteristics valued as promoting collective and individual greatness. Virtue is moral excellence.. Moral excellence in contributing to the interests we have in common as individual human beings, as communities, and as a community is not a virtue we have in common. Moral excellence is an overarching virtue for a culture of community and for a creative community.. Some think conservative means free enterprise, – unfettered freedom from power, – unfettered freedom for power, – unfettered freedom. The more useful meaning and observation is resistance to change.. We need to find more creative ways of moving things forward through our resistance to change.

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Virtue

Introduction:
Virtue is a term that has been used for centuries to describe a person's moral character. It refers to the qualities that make a person good and honorable. In this lesson, we will explore the concept of virtue, its importance in society, and why it is essential for personal growth.

Section 1: What is Virtue?

Virtue can be defined as a quality or trait that is considered morally good and is valued as a foundation for moral being. It encompasses characteristics such as honesty, integrity, courage, compassion, and kindness. These traits are not only beneficial for the individual but also for the community as a whole.

Section 2: The Importance of Virtue in Society

Virtue plays a crucial role in creating a just and equitable society. When individuals exhibit virtuous behavior, they contribute to the greater good of the community. For example, when people are honest and trustworthy, society functions more effectively. Similarly, when people show compassion and empathy, they create a more caring and supportive environment.

Section 3: Why is Virtue Important for Personal Growth?

Developing virtues is essential for personal growth because it helps us become better human beings. By cultivating virtues such as patience, perseverance, and resilience, we become stronger and more capable of handling life's challenges. Additionally, virtues such as gratitude and generosity can lead to increased happiness and fulfillment.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, virtue is an essential component of a healthy and functioning society. By developing virtuous traits, we can contribute to the greater good and live more fulfilling lives. Through this lesson, we have explored the concept of virtue, its importance in society, and why it is essential for personal growth. By applying these concepts, we can strive to become better individuals and create a better world.

Glossary:
- Virtue: A quality or trait that is considered morally good and is valued as a foundation for moral being.
- Moral excellence: The pursuit of virtues for the common good.
- Resistance to change: The act of opposing or resisting modification or the adoption of new practices or ideas.

Self-Debate Discussion:
Why is it essential to develop virtues such as patience, perseverance, and resilience? How do these virtues help us in our daily lives?


text: Sara serves as Assistant Director of Advising for the College. Major focus of her work includes meeting with prospective students, processing transfer credits for incoming students, publishing the Dean's List, coordinating New Student Enrollment, and providing support for advisors and students with questions that may arise. She comes with three years of experience working in the College's Department of Art & Art History and an educational background in Family and Consumer Sciences Education.

textbook:
## Lesson: How to Become a Successful College Student
### Section 1: Introduction to College Success
In this lesson, we will explore the key principles of being a successful college student. We will cover topics such as time management, goal setting, and effective communication. By the end of this lesson, you will have a better understanding of what it takes to succeed in college and beyond.
### Section 2: Time Management
Time management is a crucial skill for college students. Effective time management allows you to balance your academic workload with other responsibilities, such as a part-time job or family obligations. Here are some tips for managing your time effectively:
- Prioritize your tasks: Make a list of all the tasks you need to complete and rank them by importance. This will help you stay focused on what needs to be done first.
- Use a planner: Whether you prefer a physical planner or a digital one, using a planner can help you keep track of your assignments and deadlines.
- Avoid procrastination: Procrastination can lead to stress and poor performance. Try to break up large tasks into smaller, manageable chunks and set specific deadlines for each part.
- Take breaks: Taking regular breaks throughout the day can help you recharge and stay focused.
- Learn to say no: You don't have to take on every opportunity that comes your way. Know your limits and don't be afraid to turn down invitations if they will interfere with your studies.
### Section 3: Goal Setting
Setting goals is an important part of being a successful college student. Goals help you stay motivated and focused on what you want to achieve. Here are some tips for setting and achieving your goals:
- Start with small, achievable goals: Start with small, achievable goals that will help you build momentum and confidence.
- Write down your goals: Writing down your goals makes them more tangible and real.
- Break down larger goals into smaller, manageable steps: Breaking down larger goals into smaller, manageable steps can help you stay focused and motivated.
- Hold yourself accountable: Hold yourself accountable for your progress and celebrate your successes along the way.
- Reevaluate your goals regularly: Life changes quickly, so it's important to reevaluate your goals regularly to make sure they still align with your current priorities and aspirations.
### Section 4: Effective Communication
Effective communication is essential for college students. Whether you're communicating with professors, peers, or employers, clear and concise communication is key. Here are some tips for improving your communication skills:
- Practice active listening: When someone is speaking to you, make sure to listen carefully and ask clarifying questions if necessary.
- Use clear and concise language: Avoid using jargon or technical terms that might confuse your audience.
- Be confident in your communication: Speak clearly and confidently, and avoid filler words like "um" or "like."
- Use body language to your advantage: Use appropriate body language to convey confidence and attentiveness.
- Follow up with your communication: After a conversation, follow up with an email or note to reinforce your message.
### Glossary
- Time management: The process of organizing and planning how to divide your time between different tasks or activities.
- Goal setting: The process of identifying what you want to achieve and creating a plan to reach those goals.
- Effective communication: The ability to convey information clearly and concisely, whether in writing or in person.
### Conclusion
Being a successful college student requires a combination of skills, including time management, goal setting, and effective communication. By following the tips outlined in this lesson, you can develop these skills and set yourself up for success in college and beyond.


text: Jonathan Bignell. Jonathan Bignell. Jonathan Bignell (born 20 March 1963) is a Professor of Television and Film at the University of Reading, United Kingdom. He is the author of Media Semiotics: An Introduction (1997).. - Postmodern Media CultureINR 275. Postmodern Media Culture analyses the function of media examples in the work of a number of key theorists including Adorno, Baudrillard, Benjamin, Habermas, Jameson, Lyotard and McLuhan, a.... Prabhu P. Mohapatra. Prabhu P. Mohapatra is Associate Professor of History at the University of Delhi, India.. Ajith Pillai. Ajith Pillai is an Indian journalist with a career spanning over 28 years. He has reported crimes, political fluctuations, social changes and more, ranging all over India in places such as Bombay,. Prakash Yashwant Ambedkar. Grandson of B. R. Ambedkar, Ambedkar Prakash Yashwant is an Indian politician who founded the Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh party in 1994. He was elected into the parliament from Akola constituency in

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Media Analysis

Introduction:
Media analysis is the process of critically examining media messages to understand their meaning and impact on society. In this lesson, we will explore why media analysis is important and how it can help us become more informed and responsible consumers of media.

Section 1: Why is Media Analysis Important?

Topic 1: Media Influence
Media messages are all around us, from television commercials to social media posts. These messages can influence our beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. By analyzing media messages, we can better understand how they are trying to persuade us and make informed decisions about what we consume.

Topic 2: Social Responsibility
As consumers of media, we have a responsibility to be informed and thoughtful about the messages we receive. By analyzing media messages, we can identify any potential harm or misinformation and take action to correct it.

Section 2: How to Analyze Media Messages

Topic 1: Look for Patterns
When analyzing media messages, look for patterns in the way information is presented. For example, do certain types of products or services tend to be advertised during certain times of day? Are there certain types of people or messages that are consistently portrayed in a positive or negative light?

Topic 2: Consider the Source
It's important to consider the source of the media message when analyzing it. Who is creating the message and what is their motivation? Are they trying to sell a product or promote a particular viewpoint?

Section 3: Practical Examples

Example 1: Political Advertising
Political advertising is a common form of media messaging. By analyzing the language and imagery used in these ads, we can better understand the candidates' messages and how they want to be perceived by voters.

Example 2: Social Media Influencers
Social media influencers are individuals who have a large following on platforms like Instagram or YouTube. By analyzing their messages and the way they present themselves, we can better understand their brand and how they want to be perceived by their followers.

Section 4: Self-Debating Discussion

Question: How can we ensure that our media consumption is responsible and informed?
Answer: To ensure that our media consumption is responsible and informed, we must actively engage in media analysis to understand the messages we are receiving and their potential impact on our beliefs and behaviors. We should also seek out diverse sources of information and challenge any misinformation we encounter.

Conclusion:
Media analysis is an important skill that helps us become more informed and responsible consumers of media. By actively engaging in media analysis, we can better understand the messages we receive and their potential impact on our beliefs and behaviors. By doing so, we can make more informed decisions about what we consume and contribute positively to our communities.


text:
Evaluation of different captive bolt lengths and breed influence upon post-stun hind limb and forelimb activity in fed cattle at a commercial slaughter facility.
The objective of this study was to assess the effects of captive bolt length and breed type on post-stun leg activity in cattle. A total of 2850 Holstein (HOL) and non-Holstein British/Continental bred (NHOL) steers and heifers were observed post-stunning at a large commercial slaughter facility. A pneumatically powered penetrating captive bolt stunner was used with three different bolt lengths: CON, 15.24 cm; MED, 16.51 cm; and LON, 17.78 cm. Hind limb kicking, forelimb activity, take away belt stops, carcass swing and number of knife sticks during exsanguination were recorded for each animal from video recording. Hind limb and forelimb kicks observed ranged from 0 to 25 and 0 to 8, respectively. Analysis of post-stun hind limb and forelimb activity indicated that increasing pneumatically powered penetrating captive bolt length does not decrease post-stun leg activity. There was a higher percentage of cattle experiencing take away belt stops and carcass swing in HOL as compared with NHOL.

textbook:
Lesson: The Effects of Captive Bolt Length on Post-Stun Leg Activity in Cattle
Introduction:
In this lesson, we will explore the effects of captive bolt length on post-stun leg activity in cattle. We will examine the differences between Holstein and non-Holstein British/Continental bred cattle, and analyze the data collected from a study conducted at a commercial slaughter facility.
Objective:
The objective of this lesson is to understand the effects of captive bolt length on post-stun leg activity in cattle.
Materials:
- Video recording of cattle post-stunning
- Data collected from the study
- Pen and paper
- Calculator
Procedure:
1. Begin by watching the video recording of cattle post-stunning.
2. Analyze the data collected from the study, focusing on the effects of captive bolt length on post-stun leg activity in cattle.
3. Use the data to create a table comparing the effects of captive bolt length on post-stun leg activity in Holstein and non-Holstein British/Continental bred cattle.
4. Use the table to answer the following questions:
   - What is the difference in post-stun leg activity between Holstein and non-Holstein British/Continental bred cattle?
   - How does captive bolt length affect post-stun leg activity in cattle?
   - What is the relationship between captive bolt length and take away belt stops and carcass swing?
5. Create a graph to visualize the data collected from the study.
6. Use the graph to answer the following questions:
   - What is the relationship between captive bolt length and post-stun leg activity in cattle?
   - How does captive bolt length affect take away belt stops and carcass swing?
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the study found that increasing pneumatically powered penetrating captive bolt length does not decrease post-stun leg activity in cattle. However, there was a higher percentage of cattle experiencing take away belt stops and carcass swing in Holstein as compared with non-Holstein British/Continental bred cattle. This suggests that other factors, such as breed type, may also play a role in post-stun leg activity.
Glossary:
- Captive bolt: A projectile that is fired into an animal's brain to stun it before slaughter.
- Bolt length: The length of the captive bolt used to stun the animal.
- Post-stun leg activity: The movement of the animal's legs after it has been stunned.
- Take away belt stops: When the animal's legs are lifted off the ground by a conveyor belt and do not move.
- Carcass swing: When the animal's carcass swings back and forth after it has been stunned.
- Exsanguination: The process of bleeding an animal out after it has been stunned.


text: Eric D. Hochfeld, Esquire. Eric D. Hochfeld is a partner in the firm of Sahlaney, Dudeck & Hochfeld. He graduated in 1990 from Carnegie Mellon University where he earned a degree in Industrial Management. He received his law degree from the University of Pittsburgh School of Law in 1993.. Mr. Hochfeld’s areas of concentration include orphan’s court litigation, guardianships, general civil litigation, employee and personnel law, business and commercial transactions, Social Security disability claims, zoning planning, and litigation. Mr. Hochfeld is also a part-time Assistant District Attorney for the Cambria County District Attorney’s Office.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Read and Understand Legal Documents

Introduction:
In our daily lives, we often come across legal documents such as contracts, leases, and wills. Understanding these documents is crucial to protect our rights and interests. In this lesson, we will learn how to read and understand legal documents.

Section 1: Understanding Legal Jargon
- Legal documents often use specialized language and technical terms that may be difficult to understand.
- It is essential to look up unfamiliar words in the glossary or ask for help.
- Some common legal terms include "plaintiff," "defendant," "tort," and "contract."

Section 2: Reading Legal Documents
- Legal documents typically follow a specific format and structure.
- They usually start with a title or heading that identifies the document's purpose.
- The body of the document contains the main provisions and clauses.
- The end of the document should contain important information such as signatures, dates, and witnesses.

Section 3: Analyzing Legal Documents
- Once you understand the legal jargon and structure, you can analyze the document's content.
- Look for key provisions such as rights, responsibilities, and liabilities.
- Compare the document to other similar documents to ensure it is consistent and accurate.

Glossary:
- Plaintiff: A person or entity that brings a legal action against another person or entity.
- Defendant: A person or entity against whom a legal action is brought.
- Tort: A wrongful act, omission, or breach of duty that results in harm or injury to another.
- Contract: An agreement between two or more parties that creates an obligation to perform or exchange something of value.

Conclusion:
Understanding legal documents is an essential skill that can help us navigate complex legal systems. By learning how to read and analyze legal documents, we can protect our rights and interests and make informed decisions.


text: Helena McGrath. -Helena McGrathSelf-Portraitoil on canvas45 x 34 cm. 17 3/4 x 13 3/8 inView more details. Helena McGrath studied a Foundation Course at St Albans College of Art followed by an Art History degree from Cambridge University. Following this, McGrath worked as a Script Editor and Producer in TV drama for ten years before returning to her first love, painting in 2005. McGrath then completed an MA in Fine Art at the University of Hertfordshire in 2017, where she became an Artist in Residence and is currently a Visiting Lecturer in Fine Art. McGrath has exhibited her work across the U.K, including at the St Alban's Museum and the University of Hertfordshire. Her self-portrait was acquired by Ruth Borchard Collection in 2011. McGrath's art has been shortlisted for the Gemini Prize and is currently shortlisted for the Trinity Buoy Wharf Drawing Prize 2020.

textbook:
Core Value: Persistence

Lesson: The Importance of Persistence in Achieving Your Goals

Introduction: Persistence is the quality of continuing firmly or obstinately on an opinion or course of action in spite of difficulty or opposition. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of persistence in achieving your goals, using the example of Helena McGrath, a successful artist who faced many challenges but remained persistent in pursuing her passion.

Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Question: What is persistence?
Answer: Persistence is the ability to continue working towards a goal even when faced with obstacles or setbacks.

Question: Why is persistence important in achieving your goals?
Answer: Persistence is crucial in achieving your goals because it allows you to overcome obstacles and setbacks that may arise along the way. Without persistence, you may give up too soon and miss out on opportunities to learn and grow.

Section 2: Practical Examples

Example 1: Helena McGrath
-McGrath studied art history at Cambridge University and worked in TV drama for ten years before returning to painting in 2005.
-She completed an MA in Fine Art at the University of Hertfordshire in 2017 and became an Artist in Residence and Visiting Lecturer in Fine Art.
-Her self-portrait was acquired by the Ruth Borchard Collection in 2011.
-McGrath's art has been shortlisted for the Gemini Prize and is currently shortlisted for the Trinity Buoy Wharf Drawing Prize 2020.

Discussion: McGrath's story shows that persistence can lead to great success, even when faced with obstacles and setbacks. By continuing to pursue her passion for art, McGrath was able to achieve her goals and gain recognition in the art world.

Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

Question: How can you apply the concept of persistence to your own life?
Answer: To apply the concept of persistence to your own life, you should focus on setting achievable goals and working towards them consistently, even when faced with obstacles or setbacks. This may involve seeking support from friends, family, or mentors, as well as learning from your mistakes and using them as opportunities for growth.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the importance of persistence in achieving your goals cannot be overstated. By remaining persistent and committed to your goals, you can overcome obstacles and setbacks and ultimately achieve success. Remember to apply this concept to your own life by setting achievable goals and working towards them consistently, even when faced with challenges.

Glossary:
-Persistence: The ability to continue working towards a goal even when faced with obstacles or setbacks.
-Goals: Specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound objectives that individuals aim to achieve.
-Obstacles: Something that blocks one's path or prevents progress.
-Setbacks: A reversal of fortune or misfortune that sets you back in your progress towards a goal.


text:
Raphanus sativus extract prevents and ameliorates zearalenone-induced peroxidative hepatic damage in Balb/c mice.
Raphanus sativus (radish) is a species of crucifer, which includes widely consumed vegetables, distributed in Asia, Africa and Europe. It is a rich source of bioactive molecules including anthocyanins, glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and other flavonoids, and miscellaneous phenolic substances. We have evaluated the hepatoprotection of R. sativus extract against zearalenone, an estrogenic mycotoxin initiating hepatotoxicity in male Balb/c mice. Animals were divided into seven treatment groups and treated orally each day for twenty eight days as follows: a control, an olive oil group, group I, group II, and group III treated with radish extract alone (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg, respectively), group IV treated with zearalenone (40 mg/kg), and group V treated with zearalenone plus the lowest dose of radish extract. Administration of zearalenone alone resulted in significant decreases in the levels of alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferases in the liver, suggesting hepatic damage. Moreover, a marked increase in the level of lipid peroxide and concomitant decrease of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, RNA and DNA concentrations were also observed in the liver tissue of zearalenone-treated mice. Co-treatment with R. sativus extract plus zearalenone succeeded in reversing the condition back to normal levels for all studied parameters. By itself R. sativus extract did not show any toxic effects and could be considered as a potent hepatoprotectant.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Radish Extract and its Benefits

Radish (Raphanus sativus) is a cruciferous vegetable that is commonly consumed in many parts of the world. It is a rich source of bioactive molecules such as anthocyanins, glucosinolates, isothiocyanates, and other phenolic compounds. In this lesson, we will learn about the benefits of radish extract and how it can be used to prevent and ameliorate hepatic damage caused by zearalenone, an estrogenic mycotoxin.

Section 1: Introduction to Radish Extract
- Definition: Radish extract is a liquid or powdered form of the plant Raphanus sativus that contains various bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins, glucosinolates, isothiocyanates, and other phenolic compounds.
- Sources: Radish extract can be obtained from the leaves, roots, or seeds of the radish plant.
- Uses: Radish extract has been used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments such as digestive issues, fever, and inflammation.

Section 2: Hepatoprotection of Radish Extract
- Hepatotoxicity: Zearalenone is an estrogenic mycotoxin that can cause liver damage, leading to oxidative stress and inflammation.
- Radish extract: Studies have shown that radish extract can prevent and ameliorate hepatic damage caused by zearalenone.
- Mechanism: The hepatoprotective effect of radish extract is believed to be due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver.

Section 3: Applications of Radish Extract
- Food preservation: Radish extract has been used as a natural food preservative due to its antimicrobial properties.
- Cosmetics: Radish extract has been used in cosmetic products such as creams and lotions due to its moisturizing and anti-aging properties.
- Medicine: Radish extract has been studied for its potential use in treating various medical conditions such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

Glossary:
- Antioxidant: A substance that prevents or slows down oxidation, a chemical reaction that can lead to cell damage and inflammation.
- Anti-inflammatory: A substance that reduces inflammation, a process that can cause pain, swelling, and tissue damage.
- Mycotoxin: A toxic secondary metabolite produced by certain fungi, which can contaminate food and feed.

Conclusion: This lesson has taught us about the benefits of radish extract, particularly its ability to prevent and ameliorate hepatic damage caused by zearalenone. We have also learned about the various applications of radish extract in food preservation, cosmetics, and medicine. By understanding the properties of radish extract, we can appreciate the importance of consuming cruciferous vegetables such as radish for their potential health benefits.


text:
Insulin signals through the dorsal vagal complex to regulate energy balance.
Insulin signaling in the hypothalamus regulates food intake and hepatic glucose production in rodents. Although it is known that insulin also activates insulin receptor in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) to lower glucose production through an extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2)-dependent and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-independent pathway, it is unknown whether DVC insulin action regulates food intake. We report here that a single acute infusion of insulin into the DVC decreased food intake in healthy male rats. Chemical and molecular inhibition of Erk1/2 signaling in the DVC negated the acute anorectic effect of insulin in healthy rats, while DVC insulin acute infusion failed to lower food intake in high fat-fed rats. Finally, molecular disruption of Erk1/2 signaling in the DVC of healthy rats per se increased food intake and induced obesity over a period of 2 weeks, whereas a daily repeated acute DVC insulin infusion for 12 days conversely decreased food intake and body weight in healthy rats. In summary, insulin activates Erk1/2 signaling in the DVC to regulate energy balance.

textbook:
Lesson: Insulin Signaling and Energy Regulation

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about insulin signaling and its role in regulating energy balance. We will explore how insulin signals through the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) to control food intake and hepatic glucose production. We will also discuss how chemical and molecular inhibition of Erk1/2 signaling in the DVC can affect food intake.

Section 1: Insulin Signaling and Energy Regulation

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels. It signals through the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) to regulate energy balance. The DVC is a group of neurons located in the brainstem that controls food intake and hepatic glucose production.

In rodents, insulin signaling in the hypothalamus has been shown to regulate food intake and hepatic glucose production. However, it was unknown whether DVC insulin action regulates food intake.

Section 2: Acute Infusion of Insulin into the DVC

A study was conducted to determine if a single acute infusion of insulin into the DVC could decrease food intake in healthy male rats. The results showed that acute insulin infusion into the DVC decreased food intake in healthy male rats.

Section 3: Chemical and Molecular Inhibition of Erk1/2 Signaling

The study also examined the role of Erk1/2 signaling in the DVC on the anorectic effect of insulin. Chemical and molecular inhibition of Erk1/2 signaling in the DVC negated the acute anorectic effect of insulin in healthy rats. This suggests that Erk1/2 signaling is necessary for insulin to exert its anorectic effect in the DVC.

Section 4: High Fat Feeding and DVC Insulin Action

The study also investigated the effect of DVC insulin acute infusion on food intake in high fat-fed rats. The results showed that DVC insulin acute infusion failed to lower food intake in high fat-fed rats. This suggests that DVC insulin action may not be as effective in regulating food intake in rats that have been fed a high fat diet.

Section 5: Disruption of Erk1/2 Signaling in the DVC

The study also examined the effect of disrupting Erk1/2 signaling in the DVC of healthy rats on food intake and body weight. Molecular disruption of Erk1/2 signaling in the DVC of healthy rats per se increased food intake and induced obesity over a period of 2 weeks. This suggests that Erk1/2 signaling in the DVC is necessary for maintaining normal food intake and body weight.

Conclusion:
In summary, insulin signaling through the dorsal vagal complex plays a crucial role in regulating energy balance. Acute infusion of insulin into the DVC decreases food intake in healthy male rats. Erk1/2 signaling in the DVC is necessary for insulin to exert its anorectic effect. Disruption of Erk1/2 signaling in the DVC increases food intake and induces obesity. Understanding the role of insulin signaling in the DVC can help us develop strategies to treat obesity and related metabolic disorders.

Glossary:
- DVC: Dorsal Vagal Complex
- Erk1/2: Extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2
- PI3K: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
- Insulin: A hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels
- Hypothalamus: A region in the brain that controls appetite and metabolism
- High fat diet: A diet that contains a large amount of fat
- Anorectic: A substance or action that suppresses appetite


text: New Jersey’s drug court program has kept many addicts out of trouble, but it doesn’t reach as many people as it should, officials told legislators yesterday, according to the Newark Star-Ledger. Hundreds of people who would benefit from the program’s strict drug-treatment regimen are sent to prison every year, the officials testified. They blamed overly strict eligibility requirements that exclude nonviolent offenders with more than two convictions and limit many participants to inpatient treatment centers. They said the state must do a better job of seeking participants. “Too many addicts are slipping through the cracks,” said Ron Susswein, deputy director of the state Division of Criminal Justice.. Public Defender Yvonne Smith Segars estimated that the 1,800 nonviolent criminals who participate in drug courts represent a fourth of the people who need help. “Instead of screening people out of the program, we need to screen more people in,” she said.. Link:

textbook:
Lesson: Drug Courts and Addiction Treatment

Introduction:
Drug courts are special programs designed to help addicts break their habit and stay out of trouble. In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of drug courts, who they help, and how they work.

Section 1: What are Drug Courts?
Drug courts are special courts designed to help people who have committed crimes related to their drug addiction. These courts provide treatment and support instead of jail time.

Section 2: Who can participate in Drug Courts?
Not everyone who commits a crime related to drugs can participate in drug court. There are certain eligibility requirements. For example, some drug courts only accept people with no more than two convictions and others require that participants attend an inpatient treatment center.

Section 3: How do Drug Courts work?
Drug courts work by providing addicts with the help they need to break their habit. This can include counseling, group therapy, and medical care. Participants must attend these sessions regularly and pass drug tests. If they fail to do so, they may be sent to jail.

Section 4: Why are Drug Courts important?
Drug courts are important because they help addicts get the treatment they need instead of sending them to jail. This not only helps the addict but also saves money for taxpayers. Additionally, drug courts have been shown to reduce recidivism rates, meaning that people who go through drug court are less likely to commit another crime.

Section 5: Conclusion
In conclusion, drug courts are an important tool in the fight against addiction. By providing treatment and support instead of jail time, drug courts give addicts the chance to turn their lives around. We should continue to support and expand drug courts so that more people can benefit from this important program.

Glossary:
- Drug court: A special court designed to help addicts break their habit and stay out of trouble.
- Eligibility requirements: Certain rules that determine who can participate in drug court.
- Recidivism: The act of committing another crime after having been previously convicted of a crime.

Self-Debate:
Do you think that drug courts are effective in helping addicts break their habit and stay out of trouble? Why or why not? Use evidence from the lesson to support your answer.


text: About Jim Fuhrmann. I am an award-winning real estate and event photographer, and an accomplished IT professional based in West Hartford, Connecticut. My background and experience includes 16 years professionally photographing residential and commercial real estate; 7 years professionally photographing events and galas; 15 years developing and maintaining standards-based, search engine optimized websites; and 30 years providing IT support and consulting services for small to midsize businesses (SMBs) throughout the New England region.. Backed by my technical acumen and customer-focused mindset, I am committed to providing my clients with unparalleled service. For information about my IT consulting practice, click here. For information about my website development practice, click here.. You can learn more about me and view my work by browsing this website and by Googling my name.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Photography

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
In this lesson, we will explore the basics of photography, including the history of photography, the components of a camera, and the principles of composition.

### Questions and Answers
1. What is photography?
Photography is the process of capturing light and creating an image using a camera.
2. When was photography invented?
Photography was invented in the early 19th century by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce.
3. What are the components of a camera?
The components of a camera include the lens, shutter, aperture, viewfinder, and body.
4. What are the principles of composition?
The principles of composition include the rule of thirds, leading lines, and symmetry.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
Now that we understand the theoretical concepts, let's look at some practical examples of photography.

### Example 1
Let's say you are taking a portrait of a friend. To create a well-composed photo, you could use the rule of thirds by placing your friend off-center in the frame and using leading lines, such as a wall or tree, to lead the viewer's eye to their face. You could also use natural light to create a soft and flattering image.

### Example 2
Let's say you are taking a landscape photo of a sunset. To capture the beauty of the moment, you could use a wide-angle lens to fit more of the scene into the frame and use a slow shutter speed to create a blurry effect on the water or trees.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
Now that we have explored the theoretical and practical aspects of photography, let's look at some real-world scenarios where photography is used.

### Scenario 1
Photography is used in journalism to capture news events and tell stories. Photographers may work for newspapers, magazines, or online publications to provide visual content to accompany written articles.

### Scenario 2
Photography is used in advertising to sell products and services. Advertisers may hire photographers to create images that showcase their brand and appeal to their target audience.

## Glossary
- Composition: The arrangement of elements in a photograph to create a pleasing visual image.
- Rule of Thirds: A compositional guideline that suggests dividing an image into nine equal parts by two equally spaced horizontal lines and a vertical line.
- Leading Lines: Lines within a photograph that lead the viewer's eye to the subject.
- Symmetry: Balance in a photograph created by mirroring one half of the image across a central axis.
- Wide-Angle Lens: A lens that has a wide angle of view, allowing more of the scene to be included in the photograph.
- Shutter Speed: The length of time that the camera's shutter is open, controlling the amount of light that enters the camera and affecting motion blur.

## Conclusion
Photography is a powerful tool that allows us to capture moments in time and share them with others. By understanding the theoretical concepts, practical examples, and real-world applications of photography, we can improve our skills and create compelling images that tell a story.


text: Steven & Ashley, Oatlands Plantation. Leesburg, VA. "You should 100% book Darin for your wedding. He is the best and made our wedding unforgettable.. He did such an amazing job, even when it rained and our timeline was totally rearranged. He was wonderful during the planning process and is very organized in everything he did.. He's amazing and I would refer him to all of my friends and family for any type of event!. Thank you Darin for everything you did to make our wedding the best event of our lives." - Ashley. Photos courtesy of Lovesome Photography

textbook:
Lesson: Writing Positive Reviews

Introduction:
A positive review is a written evaluation of a product or service that expresses approval or praise. Positive reviews are important because they help businesses grow and improve their products or services. In this lesson, we will learn how to write a positive review that is effective and persuasive.

Section 1: Understanding the Purpose of a Review

The purpose of a review is to provide feedback to the business or service provider about their product or service. A positive review should highlight the strengths of the product or service and encourage others to use it.

Question: Why is it important to write a positive review?
Answer: A positive review can help businesses improve their products or services and attract more customers.

Section 2: Writing a Positive Review

1. Start with a positive statement: Begin your review with a positive statement that highlights the strengths of the product or service.

Example: "I recently tried [product name] and I was blown away by how amazing it is!"

2. Describe your experience: Provide specific details about your experience with the product or service. Use descriptive language to paint a picture for readers.

Example: "The moment I tried it, I knew this was something special. The flavors were so vibrant and fresh, and the texture was perfect."

3. Mention the benefits: Highlight the benefits of the product or service and explain how it has improved your life or situation.

Example: "Using [product name] has made me feel more confident and beautiful. It's a game-changer!"

4. Conclude with a call to action: End your review with a call to action that encourages readers to try the product or service.

Example: "If you're looking for a new way to elevate your beauty routine, I highly recommend giving [product name] a try. You won't be disappointed!"

Section 3: Practical Examples

Example 1: Positive Review of a Restaurant
"I recently dined at [restaurant name] and I was blown away by the incredible food and impeccable service. The ambiance was warm and inviting, and the menu had something for everyone. The steak was cooked to perfection and the sides were delicious. I can't wait to go back and try more dishes!"

Example 2: Positive Review of a Book
"I just finished reading [book title] and I couldn't put it down. The characters were complex and relatable, and the plot was full of unexpected twists and turns. The writing style was engaging and beautifully crafted. If you're a fan of [genre], you won't want to miss this one!"

Conclusion:
Writing a positive review is an important skill that can help businesses grow and improve their products or services. By following the steps outlined in this lesson, you can write a persuasive and effective review that encourages others to try the product or service. Remember to start with a positive statement, describe your experience, mention the benefits, and conclude with a call to action.


text:
Tag Archive: Euro-zone

This year, the world’s economy has experienced better GDP numbers and positive media commentary. However, despite all these positive optimism, the U.S economy and the Euro-zone continue to be fragile and the momentum in Japan is tapering off. The situation is even worse in developing countries that are still facing various country-specific challenges, including increased financial risks, structural imbalances, incoherent micro-economic management, geopolitical and political tensions as well as infrastructural bottlenecks.

The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) recently published a report on an outlook at the Canadian economy. According to OECD, the Canadian economy appears increasingly vulnerable to recession as the country continues to grapple with the challenge of taking appropriate fiscal and monetary policy actions in the aftermath of the financial crisis. The international economic research and policy group forecast Canada’s economic growth to strengthen, but is highly threatened by substantial risks including still-high debt levels, divergent monetary policy, volatile markets and still-high financial instability amid a slowdown in China and the spread of the Ebola virus outside of West Africa.

Inflation continues to be a non-issue

The Canadian Chamber of Commerce in its 2014-15 economic outlook report states that the country’s economy is projected to strengthen moderately to 2.5 per cent in 2015, up from 2.3 per cent in 2014. This prediction is based on the IMF’s global financial and economic forecast that World Gross Product will grow at a pace of 3.3 per cent in 2015 compared to 3.0 per cent in 2014. The IMF report expects GDP to increase by 3.1 per cent in U.S., 7.1 per cent in China, 8 per cent in Japan, 2.7 per cent in U.K. and 1.8 per cent in Japan. The Bank of Canada reports that the country’s inflation remains well anchored. It is expected that inflation will remain within the bank’s 1.0 per cent to 3.0 per cent inflation-control range for the next two years.

Overall, there are signs of improvement for the world’s 11th largest economy. The Euro-zone is finally creeping out of the protracted recession and the U.S. economy continuing to recover. Majority of the emerging economies are starting to see accelerating economic growth characterized with growth in foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, portfolio equity inflows and significant fall in non-bank credit flows. At present, the average rate of inflation in Canada and the U.S. is less than 2 per cent, around 2 per cent in the U.K., and below 1 per cent in the Euro-zone. In fact, even in countries in the periphery of the Euro-zone, such as Cyprus and Greece, prices have dropped recently compared to the previous year. However, for the country to reap full benefits of an improved global economic outlook, it has to tap new markets, strengthen its competitiveness, and secure and expand its involvement in global supply chains.

Major challenges and remaining fragility

Canada’s main growth challenge and fragility still remains lackluster international trade flows. These flows continue to remain the key policy concerns as long-lasting effects from the financial crisis continue to weigh on labor markets in the country. Vulnerability in emerging economies to both the external shocks and domestic structural bottlenecks, the remaining fragility in both the financial sector and the real economy in the Euro-zone, a possible escalation in geopolitical tensions and the risk of a failure in containing Ebola may also exacerbate any financial recovery. Other challenges include the risks and uncertainties associated with the divergence in monetary policies among the major developed countries, and QE exit and normalization of interest rates by the U.S. Federal Reserve.Best Currencies to Trade At 2015

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding the Global Economy

Introduction:
The global economy is the interconnection of economies around the world. It involves trade, investment, and the flow of capital between countries. Understanding the global economy is essential for making informed decisions about business, finance, and politics. This lesson will provide an overview of the global economy, its components, and how it affects different countries.

Section 1: Overview of the Global Economy

Topic 1: What is the Global Economy?
- The global economy refers to the interdependence of economies around the world.
- It involves trade, investment, and the flow of capital between countries.
- The global economy is influenced by many factors, including politics, culture, and technology.

Topic 2: Components of the Global Economy
- Trade: The exchange of goods and services between countries.
- Investment: The act of putting money into something in the hope of gaining profit.
- Flow of Capital: The movement of money between countries for investment purposes.

Section 2: How the Global Economy Affects Different Countries

Topic 1: Developed Countries
- Developed countries have a high standard of living and advanced economies.
- They often have a strong currency, stable government, and high levels of education and healthcare.
- These countries tend to have a large impact on the global economy due to their size and influence.

Topic 2: Developing Countries
- Developing countries have a lower standard of living and less advanced economies.
- They often struggle with poverty, disease, and lack of access to education and healthcare.
- These countries tend to have a smaller impact on the global economy, but their economic growth can have a significant impact on the world economy.

Section 3: Risks and Challenges of the Global Economy

Topic 1: Economic Instability
- Economic instability refers to fluctuations in the value of currencies, stock prices, and other financial assets.
- This can lead to uncertainty and fear among investors, which can cause them to pull their money out of investments, leading to a financial crisis.
- Governments and central banks must work together to prevent economic instability and promote stability.

Topic 2: Protectionism
- Protectionism refers to policies that protect domestic industries from foreign competition.
- This can include tariffs, quotas, and subsidies for domestic producers.
- Protectionism can lead to trade wars, which can harm the global economy.

Conclusion:
Understanding the global economy is essential for making informed decisions about business, finance, and politics. By studying the global economy, we can learn about the interconnectedness of economies around the world and how they affect each other. We can also identify risks and challenges and develop strategies to mitigate them. By applying this knowledge, we can make informed decisions that benefit ourselves and our communities.