text:
News Release

IU study: Consumer intent to purchase electric vehicles is low, varies by city

BLOOMINGTON, Ind. -- A study from the Indiana University School of Public and Environmental Affairs casts doubt on the Obama administration's goal of putting a million plug-in electric vehicles on the roads by 2015. But the study does find that consumers are more receptive to buying electric cars in some cities, including San Jose/San Francisco, Chicago and Boston.

The researchers surveyed more than 2,300 adult drivers in 21 large U.S. cities in the fall of 2011. They found that the perceived drawbacks of electric vehicles outweigh the advantages for most consumers. The primary drawbacks are the limited driving range, the vehicles' high sales or lease price and the inconvenience of recharging batteries.

"Although many engineers, environmentalists and politicians are enthusiastic about electric vehicle technology, this survey reveals that new car buyers, based on early impressions, have little interest in purchasing plug-in vehicles," said John D. Graham, dean of the School of Public and Environmental Affairs and a co-author of the study.

The findings were published online by the journal Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, in advance of its January 2013 issue. Sanya Carley, assistant professor in SPEA, is the lead author. Other co-authors are Rachel Krause and Bradley Lane of the University of Texas at El Paso.

While plug-in electric vehicles provide considerable fuel savings, those weren't enough to offset the perceived disadvantages, the study found. Graham said new-car buyers typically keep their vehicles only three to five years, not long enough for fuel savings to make up for the premium purchase price. Car buyers also typically do not consider the costs of operation and upkeep but tend to focus more heavily instead on the sticker price of the car.

The survey found the early adopters who are likely to buy plug-in electric vehicles are predominantly highly educated, male, concerned about the environment and worried about American dependence on foreign oil. They are also more likely to have previously owned a hybrid vehicle.

"Those interested in electric vehicles at this time are attracted to the environmental imaging associated with electric vehicles and are typically technology pioneers," Carley said. "It's helpful to know this information, because it can help manufacturers identify their early car-buying population, and it also reveals which consumer types are not being reached by current marketing campaigns."

The challenge for manufacturers, the authors note, is to figure out how to market the vehicles to mainstream car buyers, not just the early adopters. This may require providing more information about fuel savings as well as addressing concerns about driving range, price and convenience.

Graham said vehicle manufacturers and suppliers are making progress in addressing the negatives associated with electric vehicles. Prices have come down for the Volt and the Nissan Leaf, and lease arrangements have been made more attractive. Second-generation plug-in vehicles are expected to have shorter charging times and the capacity to be driven farther without re-charging. Building more charging stations and concentrating them in areas where they can be easily seen could also help alleviate worries that an electric vehicle would leave drivers stuck with a run-down battery.

"Policy makers also need to develop more realistic expectations about the pace of market acceptance of plug-in technology," Graham said, "and they may need to retain policy incentives for plug-in vehicle purchases longer than they originally anticipated would be necessary." For example, President Barack Obama has proposed increasing the federal income tax credit for buying a plug-in vehicle and making it effective at the time of purchase rather than the end of the tax year.

The authors said one of the more interesting findings in the study was the city-by-city variation in intent to purchase an electric vehicle, suggesting car companies might target their sales and marketing efforts. The interest of survey respondents in buying a plug-in electric vehicle was rated on a 10-point scale; the average score was 2.67. Cities with the highest intent-to-purchase ratings were:

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Consumer Intent to Purchase Electric Vehicles

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about a study conducted by the Indiana University School of Public and Environmental Affairs that examines consumer intent to purchase electric vehicles. We will explore the factors that influence consumer behavior and the impact of these factors on the adoption of electric vehicles.

Section 1: Understanding Consumer Behavior

Topic 1: Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior
- The study found that the perceived drawbacks of electric vehicles outweigh the advantages for most consumers. These drawbacks include limited driving range, high sales or lease price, and the inconvenience of recharging batteries.
- Other factors that influence consumer behavior include age, income, education, and location.

Topic 2: Consumer Attitudes Toward Electric Vehicles
- The study found that consumers in certain cities are more receptive to buying electric cars. These cities include San Jose/San Francisco, Chicago, and Boston.
- Consumers in these cities may have a higher awareness of electric vehicles and their benefits, such as reduced emissions and lower fuel costs.

Section 2: Impact of Factors on Adoption of Electric Vehicles

Topic 1: Limited Driving Range
- One of the main drawbacks of electric vehicles is their limited driving range. This means that electric vehicles may not be suitable for long trips or for drivers who need to travel far distances regularly.
- Manufacturers are working to improve the driving range of electric vehicles, but this may not be enough to convince skeptical consumers.

Topic 2: High Sales or Lease Price
- Another drawback of electric vehicles is their high sales or lease price. This can be a significant barrier to entry for many consumers, especially those on a tight budget.
- However, some governments offer incentives to reduce the cost of electric vehicles, which may help to increase their adoption.

Topic 3: Inconvenience of Recharging Batteries
- The inconvenience of recharging batteries is also a significant drawback of electric vehicles. This can be a problem for drivers who do not have access to charging stations or who do not have the time to recharge their vehicles regularly.
- Some manufacturers are developing battery technologies that can be recharged quickly, which may help to address this issue.

Section 3: Conclusion

In conclusion, the study conducted by the Indiana University School of Public and Environmental Affairs suggests that consumer intent to purchase electric vehicles is low. However, there are certain cities where consumers are more receptive to buying electric cars. The study identifies several factors that influence consumer behavior, including limited driving range, high sales or lease price, and the inconvenience of recharging batteries. Understanding these factors can help policymakers and manufacturers develop strategies to increase the adoption of electric vehicles.

Glossary:
- Electric vehicle: A vehicle powered by electricity, typically using rechargeable battery packs and an electric motor.
- Consumer: A person who buys goods or services.
- Intent: The plan or desire to do something.
- Adoption: The process of taking up or beginning to use a new idea, method, or technology.

Self-Debate Discussion:
- How might the adoption of electric vehicles affect the environment and our dependence on fossil fuels?
- What other factors besides limited driving range, high sales or lease price, and inconvenience of recharging batteries might influence consumer behavior toward electric vehicles?
- How might policymakers and manufacturers address the barriers to adoption identified in the study?


text: Every join races than hatred of Trump.. Finally, 8chan founder Fredrick Brennan talks to Molly and Jesse about how he knows that Ron and Jim Watkins are behind QAnon today, in an excerpt of an interview that will run in full on the new Daily Beast podcast Fever Dreams.. Listen to The New Abnormal on Apple Podcasts, Spotify and Stitcher.

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding the Impact of Social Media on Society

Introduction:
In today's world, social media has become an integral part of our lives. It has revolutionized the way we communicate, share information, and interact with each other. However, the impact of social media on society is a topic of debate among scholars, researchers, and ordinary people alike. In this lesson, we will explore the various ways in which social media affects society, including its effects on politics, mental health, and privacy.

Section 1: Politics and Social Media
Topic: The role of social media in shaping public opinion and influencing elections

Theoretical Concept: Social media platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram have become powerful tools for politicians to reach out to their voters and influence public opinion.

Questions and Answers:
- How does social media shape public opinion?
- Can social media influence the outcome of an election?
- What are some examples of how politicians use social media to their advantage?

Definitions of Purpose:
- Social media algorithms: computer programs that determine the order in which posts appear on users' feeds based on their interests and behavior.
- Microtargeting: a political campaign strategy that involves using data analysis to tailor messaging to specific voters.

Practical Examples:
- During the 2016 US presidential election, the Russian government used social media to spread misinformation and influence the outcome of the election.
- In the 2019 Indian general election, the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) used social media to mobilize support and spread propaganda.
- In the 2019 Hong Kong protests, protestors used social media to organize and share information about their cause.

Section 2: Mental Health and Social Media
Topic: The impact of social media on mental health and well-being

Theoretical Concept: Social media can have both positive and negative effects on mental health.

Questions and Answers:
- What are some positive effects of social media on mental health?
- What are some negative effects of social media on mental health?
- How can we use social media in a way that promotes positive mental health?

Definitions of Purpose:
- Social media addiction: a compulsive need to check social media platforms for updates and validation.
- Fear of missing out (FOMO): the anxiety caused by the fear of missing out on something exciting happening on social media.

Practical Examples:
- A study conducted by the University of Pennsylvania found that people who spent more time on social media had higher levels of depression and loneliness.
- On the other hand, social media can also provide a sense of community and support, as seen in online support groups for mental health conditions.
- To promote positive mental health on social media, one can limit screen time, follow accounts that promote positivity, and avoid comparing oneself to others.

Section 3: Privacy and Social Media
Topic: The impact of social media on personal privacy and data security

Theoretical Concept: Social media platforms collect vast amounts of data on their users, which can pose risks to personal privacy and data security.

Questions and Answers:
- What kind of data do social media platforms collect on their users?
- How can social media users protect their personal privacy and data security?
- What are some examples of data breaches on social media platforms?

Definitions of Purpose:
- Data mining: the process of collecting and analyzing large datasets to discover patterns and correlations.
- Personal data: any information that can be used to identify an individual, such as name, address, or phone number.

Practical Examples:
- Social media platforms collect data on user interests, location, and behavior to create targeted ads and improve the user experience.
- To protect personal privacy and data security on social media, users can adjust their settings to limit data collection, use strong passwords, and avoid sharing sensitive information.
- In 2018, Facebook suffered a major data breach that exposed the personal data of 87 million users to Cambridge Analytica, a political consulting firm.

Conclusion:
Social media has had a profound impact on society, shaping public opinion, influencing elections, and affecting mental health. While social media can be a powerful tool for good, it can also pose risks to personal privacy and data security. By understanding these impacts, we can use social media in a way that promotes positive change and protects ourselves and others.

Glossary:
- Social media algorithms: computer programs that determine the order in which posts appear on users' feeds based on their interests and behavior.
- Microtargeting: a political campaign strategy that involves using data analysis to tailor messaging to specific voters.
- Social media addiction: a compulsive need to check social media platforms for updates and validation.
- Fear of missing out (FOMO): the anxiety caused by the fear of missing out on something exciting happening on social media.
- Data mining: the process of collecting and analyzing large datasets to discover patterns and correlations.
- Personal data: any information that can be used to identify an individual, such as name, address, or phone number.

Assessment:
- True or False: Social media has no impact on mental health.
- True or False: Social media platforms do not collect any data on their users.
- True or False: Personal privacy is not important in the age of social media.

Assessment Answers:
- False. Social media can have both positive and negative effects on mental health.
- False. Social media platforms collect vast amounts of data on their users, which can pose risks to personal privacy and data security.
- False. Personal privacy is still important in the age of social media, and users should take steps to protect themselves.


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textbook:
## Lesson: Open Floor House Plans
### Introduction
In this lesson, we will learn about open floor house plans and their benefits. We will cover the different types of open floor plans, their advantages and disadvantages, and how to choose the right plan for your needs. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to understand the basics of open floor house plans and how they can enhance your living experience.
### Section 1: What are Open Floor House Plans?
Open floor house plans refer to a type of house design that combines multiple rooms into a single, open space. This creates a more spacious and airy feel, as well as increased functionality and flexibility. Open floor plans typically feature a large central living area, with other rooms such as the kitchen, dining room, and living room flowing seamlessly together.
### Section 2: Types of Open Floor House Plans
There are several types of open floor house plans, including:
- One-story open floor plans: These plans feature a single-story layout that combines multiple rooms into a single, open space.
- Two-story open floor plans: These plans feature a two-story layout that combines multiple rooms into a single, open space on both levels.
- Ranch-style open floor plans: These plans feature a ranch-style layout that combines multiple rooms into a single, open space.
- Modern open floor plans: These plans feature a modern layout that combines multiple rooms into a single, open space with a contemporary design.
### Section 3: Advantages of Open Floor House Plans
Some of the advantages of open floor house plans include:
- Increased functionality and flexibility: Open floor plans allow for more versatile use of space, as multiple rooms can be used for different purposes.
- Improved natural lighting: Open floor plans often feature large windows that let in plenty of natural light, making the space feel brighter and more open.
- Enhanced social interaction: With all the main living areas flowing together, open floor plans promote social interaction and make it easier for people to connect with each other.
- Reduced clutter: By combining multiple rooms into a single space, open floor plans reduce the need for excess furniture and accessories, creating a cleaner, more minimalist look.
### Section 4: Disadvantages of Open Floor House Plans
However, there are also some disadvantages to open floor house plans:
- Lack of privacy: With all the main living areas flowing together, open floor plans may not offer much privacy, especially if there are multiple occupants in the house.
- Noise transmission: Since open floor plans don't have any physical barriers separating the rooms, noise can easily travel between them, making it difficult to concentrate or watch TV without disturbing others.
- Limited storage space: With all the rooms combined into one, open floor plans may not offer as much storage space as traditional house designs.
### Section 5: How to Choose the Right Open Floor House Plan
To choose the right open floor house plan for your needs, consider the following factors:
- Size: Make sure the plan is the right size for your family and lifestyle.
- Layout: Ensure that the layout of the plan meets your specific needs and preferences.
- Functionality: Consider how you will use the space and whether the plan offers enough functionality for your needs.
- Style: Choose a plan that matches your personal style and aesthetic preferences.
### Conclusion
Open floor house plans offer many benefits, including increased functionality, improved natural lighting, enhanced social interaction, and reduced clutter. However, they also have some disadvantages, such as lack of privacy and limited storage space. By considering the factors mentioned above, you can choose the right open floor house plan for your needs and enjoy a more spacious and airy living environment.


text: Lima, Peru. Francisco García is the Environmental Manager of Knight Piésold Peru and is based in the Lima office. He joined Knight Piésold in 2007 and has more than 13 years of experience managing mining-related projects. He is an environmental engineer specializing in environmental management and auditing. He has worked as a project manager for various studies, including baseline studies, environmental impact assessments, mining closure plans, biological monitoring, and permitting.

textbook:
## Lesson: Environmental Management in Mining
### Section 1: Introduction to Environmental Management in Mining
In this lesson, we will learn about environmental management in mining. We will cover what environmental management is, why it is important, and the role of environmental engineers in this field.
### Section 2: What is Environmental Management in Mining?
Environmental management in mining refers to the process of identifying, mitigating, and monitoring the environmental impacts of mining operations. This includes managing waste, pollution, and resource use, as well as protecting the health and safety of workers and the surrounding community.
### Section 3: Why is Environmental Management in Mining Important?
Environmental management in mining is important because mining can have significant environmental impacts. These impacts can include habitat destruction, water pollution, air pollution, and the release of greenhouse gases. By implementing effective environmental management strategies, mining companies can minimize these impacts and ensure that their operations are sustainable.
### Section 4: Role of Environmental Engineers in Mining
Environmental engineers play a crucial role in environmental management in mining. They use their knowledge of science and engineering principles to identify potential environmental impacts and develop strategies to mitigate them. They also work with other professionals, such as geologists and biologists, to ensure that their strategies are effective and sustainable.
### Section 5: Practical Examples
Let's consider a hypothetical example. A mining company wants to expand its operations into a new area. An environmental engineer would be responsible for conducting a baseline study to assess the current state of the environment in the area. They would then work with other professionals to develop a plan to minimize the impacts of the expansion, such as reducing water use and preventing soil erosion.
### Section 6: Conclusion
In conclusion, environmental management in mining is essential to ensure that mining operations are sustainable and have minimal impact on the environment. Environmental engineers play a critical role in this process by identifying potential impacts and developing strategies to mitigate them. By applying the principles learned in this lesson, you can help ensure that mining operations are environmentally responsible and sustainable.


text: Immediate Measures Hergiswald Landslide Nr. 6. Following heavy rains at the end of July 2014 the edge of the slope on the valley-side of the Hergiswald landslide was in a bad state and slipped. The edge of the slope on the valley-side ran along the village road (Kriens Obernau – Schwarzenberg Holderchäppeli) near the Hergiswald pilgrimage church. An open bored pile wall made of reinforced driven piles and top plates was installed to stabilise the support structure with respect to the road and the existing embankment. The depth of the anchoring of the drilled piles was selected to enable complete fixing in the deep rock. The drilled piles are monolithically connected with the top plates. The crash barrier was fixed to the guide wall.. The main objective was to ensure the safety (structural safety and serviceability) for road users.. Données principales. - Drilled piles d=0.9 m: 95 m. - Top plates: 25 m. - Concrete top plates: 25 m3

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Civil Engineering

### Section 1: What is Civil Engineering?
Civil engineering is the branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings.

### Section 2: Types of Civil Engineering Projects
Civil engineers work on a variety of projects, including:

1. Transportation: designing and building roads, highways, airports, and railways
2. Structures: designing and constructing buildings, bridges, and tunnels
3. Water resources: managing water supply and distribution systems, as well as wastewater treatment and disposal
4. Environmental: assessing the environmental impact of projects and designing solutions to minimize damage
5. Geotechnical: analyzing soil and rock properties to design foundations and retaining walls

### Section 3: How do Civil Engineers Solve Problems?
Civil engineers use a combination of science, math, and technology to solve problems. They analyze data, design solutions, and oversee the construction process to ensure that their designs are implemented correctly.

### Section 4: Why is Civil Engineering Important?
Civil engineering is essential because it helps to create and maintain the infrastructure that supports modern society. Without civil engineers, we would not have safe and reliable transportation systems, clean water, or stable structures.

### Glossary:
- Civil engineering: the branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment
- Structural safety: the ability of a structure to withstand its own weight and other forces without collapsing
- Serviceability: the ability of a structure to perform its intended function without compromising safety or comfort
- Drilling: the process of making a hole in a material or object
- Piles: long, slender columns of timber, steel, or concrete used to provide support for a structure
- Reinforcement: the process of strengthening a material by adding reinforcing bars or mesh
- Anchoring: the process of securing a structure to the ground or other surface
- Guide wall: a wall that serves as a reference for alignment during construction

### Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the basics of civil engineering, including what it is, the types of projects that civil engineers work on, and how they solve problems. We also discussed why civil engineering is important and included a glossary of key terms. By understanding these concepts, students can begin to explore the exciting world of civil engineering and consider pursuing this field as a career.


text: Cal.. The new version of Print Audit Embedded brings a more powerful and streamlined print management experience to Konica Minolta MFPs. The software offers powerful cost recovery, rules-based-printing, secure release and pull-printing capabilities to Konica Minolta OpenAPI-enabled devices.. Print Audit Embedded installs directly onto Konica Minolta OpenAPI-enabled MFPs, allowing users to control and recover printing, copying, faxing and scanning costs.Open

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Print Management

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Print management is the process of controlling and monitoring the printing, copying, faxing, and scanning activities in an organization or institution. It involves the use of software and hardware to optimize the use of printers, reduce costs, and improve security.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's imagine that you are working in an office that has implemented print management software. Your boss wants to know how much money the company is spending on printing each month. With the print management software, you can easily access the reports and see that the company is spending $500 per month on printing. You can also see which employees are printing the most and which departments are using the printers the most. This information allows you to make informed decisions about how to reduce printing costs and improve efficiency.

## Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

1. Why is print management important for an organization?
2. What are the benefits of implementing print management software?
3. How does print management software work?
4. What are the different types of print management software available in the market?
5. How can print management software help in reducing costs and improving security?

## Glossary

- Print management: The process of controlling and monitoring the printing, copying, faxing, and scanning activities in an organization or institution.
- OpenAPI: An application programming interface that allows developers to access web-based services without requiring them to own or manage the web services themselves.
- MFPs: Multi-function printers that can print, copy, scan, and fax documents.

## Conclusion

Print management is an essential tool for any organization that wants to optimize its printing activities, reduce costs, and improve security. By implementing print management software, organizations can gain valuable insights into their printing activities and make informed decisions about how to reduce costs and improve efficiency.


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textbook:
**Lesson: How to Find Information Online**

**Introduction:**
In today's digital age, finding information online is a crucial skill that everyone should learn. Whether you are researching for a school project or looking up directions to a new location, knowing how to find reliable information can save you time and effort. In this lesson, we will teach you how to use search engines effectively, evaluate sources, and cite your sources properly.

**Section 1: Using Search Engines**

Search engines like Google, Bing, and Yahoo are powerful tools that can help you find information quickly. However, not all searches are created equal. Here are some tips for using search engines effectively:

1. Use specific keywords: When searching for information, try to use specific keywords that relate to your topic. This will help narrow down your results and make it easier to find what you need.

2. Use quotation marks: If you are looking for a specific phrase or sentence, use quotation marks around it to ensure that the words appear in that exact order.

3. Use filters: Many search engines allow you to filter your results by date, relevance, and source type. Use these filters to find the most relevant and up-to-date information.

4. Use advanced search options: Many search engines offer advanced search options that allow you to refine your results by language, file type, and region.

**Section 2: Evaluating Sources**

Once you have found some relevant information, it is essential to evaluate the sources to determine if they are reliable and credible. Here are some tips for evaluating sources:

1. Look for authorship: Websites that have an author listed are generally more credible than those without one. Try to find out who wrote the information and if they have any expertise on the topic.

2. Check the domain name: Websites with .edu or .gov domain names are generally more credible than those with .com domain names.

3. Check for accuracy: Check the information against other sources to ensure that it is accurate and reliable.

4. Look for citations: If the website has citations or references to other sources, it is generally more credible.

**Section 3: Citing Sources**

Once you have found and evaluated information, it is essential to cite your sources properly. This shows readers where your information came from and gives credit to the original author. Here are some tips for citing sources:

1. Use MLA, APA, or Chicago style: These are the most commonly used citation styles in schools and universities.

2. Keep track of your sources: As you gather information, keep track of where it came from so that you can cite it properly later.

3. Use a citation generator: If you are unsure about how to cite a source, use a citation generator like EasyBib or NoodleTools.

**Conclusion:**
In conclusion, finding information online can be a valuable skill that can help you in many areas of your life. By using search engines effectively, evaluating sources, and citing your sources properly, you can become a savvy online researcher. Remember to always think critically and question the information you find to ensure that it is accurate and reliable.


text: . The U.S. economy does not need to be in recession to be on the wrong side of stocks.. As Hedgeye CEO Keith McCullough explains in the clip above, while every market is different, there are some remarkable similarities in the market right now to 2000 and 2001. While the economy eventually went into a technical recession in late 2001, many investors experienced enormous drawdowns as the economy slowed over the previous year.. “[In 2000-2001] when GDP stopped accelerating, you could have lost almost half your money,” McCullough explains on The Macro Show.. “As opposed to [2Q 2000 GDP of] 5.3 percent, in 3Q of 2018 the number was three percent. We’re following the exact same methodology that made me a bear to start my career on Wall Street.”

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Economic Recessions and Their Impact on Stock Markets

Introduction:
An economic recession is a period of declining economic activity, typically characterized by a decrease in production, employment, and income. Recessions can have a significant impact on stock markets, causing investors to lose money and leading to market volatility. In this lesson, we will explore the relationship between economic recessions and stock markets, and learn how to identify signs of a potential recession.

Section 1: Understanding Economic Recessions

Topic 1: What is an Economic Recession?
- An economic recession is a period of declining economic activity, characterized by a decrease in production, employment, and income.
- A recession is typically defined as two consecutive quarters of negative GDP growth.
- Recessions can be caused by various factors, such as changes in interest rates, decreased consumer confidence, or external shocks like pandemics.

Topic 2: How do Recessions Affect Stock Markets?
- During a recession, companies typically experience a decline in sales and profits, which can lead to a decrease in their stock prices.
- Investors may become more risk-averse during a recession, leading to a decrease in overall market demand for stocks.
- Market volatility often increases during a recession, as investors try to predict the future of the economy and make decisions based on that information.

Section 2: Identifying Signs of a Potential Recession

Topic 1: Indicators of a Potential Recession
- Decreasing GDP growth rates
- High unemployment rates
- Decreasing consumer confidence
- Decreasing housing prices
- Increasing inflation

Topic 2: Analyzing Economic Data
- Economists analyze various economic indicators to predict whether a recession is likely to occur.
- Some common indicators include the yield curve, the unemployment rate, and the GDP growth rate.
- By analyzing these indicators, economists can make predictions about the likelihood of a recession occurring in the near future.

Section 3: Case Study: The 2000-2001 Recession

Topic 1: Similarities to Today's Market
- The market in 2000-2001 experienced a significant decline in stock prices, similar to what we are seeing today.
- The economy slowed down significantly in 2000-2001, leading to a technical recession in late 2001.
- Many investors experienced enormous drawdowns during this time period.

Topic 2: Lessons Learned from the 2000-2001 Recession
- Investors should be cautious of market valuations and be aware of potential bubbles.
- Paying attention to economic indicators and analyzing them carefully can help predict potential recessions.
- Diversifying investments can help mitigate losses during a recession.

Conclusion:
Understanding the relationship between economic recessions and stock markets is crucial for investors who want to protect their investments and make informed decisions. By analyzing economic data and being aware of potential indicators of a recession, investors can make informed decisions and avoid significant losses. Additionally, diversifying investments and being cautious of market valuations can help mitigate risks during a recession.


text: Edition: 2 Martin Hewings. Upper-intermediate. British English. The book is available both with and without answers making it ideal for use in the classroom or for self-study. The 'with answers' version of the book is also available with a comprehensive CD-ROM for extra practice of all the grammar covered in the main book. Advanced Examination in English, Cambridge Proficiency in English or IELTS examinations. Informed by the Cambridge International Corpus to ensure all the language taught is authentic and up-to-date.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Choose the Right English Grammar Book for Your Level

Introduction:
Choosing the right English grammar book can be challenging, especially if you are a beginner or intermediate learner. In this lesson, we will explore the key factors you should consider when selecting an English grammar book that suits your level. We will cover the following sections:

1. Understanding Your Level
2. Choosing the Right Book Based on Your Level
3. Evaluating the Content and Practice Exercises
4. Using the Book Effectively
5. Glossary

Section 1: Understanding Your Level

Before choosing an English grammar book, it is essential to understand your current level of proficiency. There are several ways to determine your level, including:

- Taking a placement test provided by your language school or online platform
- Assessing your knowledge of English grammar rules and vocabulary
- Consulting with a teacher or tutor to evaluate your skills

Once you have determined your level, you can choose a grammar book that corresponds to your skill set.

Section 2: Choosing the Right Book Based on Your Level

There are many English grammar books available, each targeting a specific level of proficiency. Here are some factors to consider when choosing a book based on your level:

- Beginner: If you are a beginner, look for a book that covers basic grammar rules and provides ample practice exercises. The book should be easy to follow and provide clear explanations of grammar concepts.

- Intermediate: If you are an intermediate learner, you should choose a book that covers more advanced grammar rules and provides plenty of practice exercises. The book should also provide opportunities to improve your reading, writing, and speaking skills.

- Advanced: If you are an advanced learner, choose a book that covers complex grammar rules and provides challenging practice exercises. The book should also provide opportunities to improve your reading, writing, and speaking skills at an advanced level.

Section 3: Evaluating the Content and Practice Exercises

Once you have chosen a book that corresponds to your level, you should evaluate the content and practice exercises to ensure they are appropriate for your needs. Here are some factors to consider:

- Clarity: The explanations should be clear and concise, providing you with a good understanding of the grammar concept.

- Variety: The book should provide a variety of practice exercises, including multiple-choice questions, fill-in-the-blank exercises, and writing tasks.

- Difficulty: The practice exercises should be challenging but not overwhelming. They should provide enough support to help you learn without being too easy.

Section 4: Using the Book Effectively

To get the most out of your English grammar book, you should use it effectively. Here are some tips:

- Set achievable goals: Determine what you want to achieve by using the book and set achievable goals for each session.

- Take notes: As you work through the book, take notes on new grammar concepts and practice exercises. This will help you remember the material better.

- Practice regularly: Regular practice is essential for improving your grammar skills. Aim to spend at least 30 minutes per day working through the book.

Section 5: Glossary

Glossary:
- Beginner: A learner who has a basic understanding of English grammar rules and vocabulary.
- Intermediate: A learner who has a good understanding of English grammar rules and vocabulary but may still make some mistakes.
- Advanced: A learner who has a strong understanding of English grammar rules and vocabulary and can communicate effectively in a variety of contexts.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we have explored the key factors you should consider when choosing an English grammar book that suits your level. By understanding your level, choosing the right book, evaluating the content and practice exercises, and using the book effectively, you can improve your English grammar skills and achieve your language learning goals.


text: So many ways to donate:. Amazon Smile. To register your Amazon account with The Carbondale Clay Center: 1. Visit smile.amazon.com. 2. Sign in with your normal Amazon login information. If you don’t already have an Amazon account, click “Create new account.”. 3. When you’re logged in, the first screen you see will ask you to select your charity. In the search box, type in “The Carbondale Clay Center” and then hit search. CCC should come up as your first search result. Then, hit “select” to the right of the organization name.. 4. You have officially registered your Amazon account with the Carbondale Clay Center, and 0.5% of every purchase you make through Amazon Smile will be donated.. 5. Make sure to bookmark this page so that every time you make an Amazon purchase, you make the transaction through smile.amazon.com (rather than amazon.com). Only purchases made through the Amazon Smile portal will be applicable for donation.. City Market Cares. Rhumba Girl Liquors. Colorado Gives

textbook:
Lesson: How to Donate through Amazon Smile and Other Ways
Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about different ways to donate, with a focus on using Amazon Smile. We will cover the steps to register your Amazon account with a charity, how to make purchases through Amazon Smile, and other ways to donate. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to apply these skills to other donation platforms.
Section 1: Amazon Smile
Topic 1: Registering Your Amazon Account with a Charity
- Go to smile.amazon.com
- Sign in with your normal Amazon login information
- If you don't already have an Amazon account, click "Create new account"
- When you're logged in, the first screen you see will ask you to select your charity
- In the search box, type in "The Carbondale Clay Center" and then hit search
- CCC should come up as your first search result
- Hit "select" to the right of the organization name
Topic 2: Making Purchases through Amazon Smile
- Make sure to bookmark this page so that every time you make an Amazon purchase, you make the transaction through smile.amazon.com (rather than amazon.com)
- Only purchases made through the Amazon Smile portal will be applicable for donation
- You have officially registered your Amazon account with the Carbondale Clay Center, and 0.5% of every purchase you make through Amazon Smile will be donated
Discussion:
- Why is it important to use Amazon Smile instead of amazon.com?
- How does Amazon Smile work?
- What are the benefits of using Amazon Smile?
Section 2: Other Ways to Donate
Topic 1: City Market Cares
- City Market Cares is a program that allows customers to round up their purchases to the nearest dollar, with the change going to a charity of their choice
- To sign up for City Market Cares, go to www.citymarket.com/community/community-giving/city-market-cares
- Once you've signed up, every time you shop at City Market, your purchase will be rounded up to the nearest dollar, with the change going to a charity of your choice
- You can choose The Carbondale Clay Center as your charity of choice
Topic 2: Rhumba Girl Liquors
- Rhumba Girl Liquors is a local liquor store that donates a portion of their profits to the Carbondale Clay Center
- To donate through Rhumba Girl Liquors, simply shop there and let them know that you want your purchase to go towards the Carbondale Clay Center
- You can also ask them to donate a portion of your purchase to the Carbondale Clay Center
Discussion:
- How does City Market Cares work?
- Why do you think Rhumba Girl Liquors donates to the Carbondale Clay Center?
- What other ways can you think of to donate to the Carbondale Clay Center?
Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about different ways to donate, with a focus on using Amazon Smile. We covered the steps to register your Amazon account with a charity, how to make purchases through Amazon Smile, and other ways to donate. By the end of this lesson, you should be able to apply these skills to other donation platforms. Remember to always use smile.amazon.com when making purchases so that you can donate to the Carbondale Clay Center.
Glossary:
- Amazon Smile: A website operated by Amazon that allows customers to donate to charities while shopping online
- Charity: An organization that helps those in need, often through donations
- Donate: To give money or time to a charitable organization
- Portal: A website that provides access to a specific service, in this case, Amazon Smile
- Round up: To increase or decrease to the nearest whole number
- Sign in: To log into a website or application using a username and password.


text: Rococo is all about glamour and indulgence, but don’t forget about comfort playfulness. Asymmetry creates lightness and airiness of the interior, creating a fun and carefree mood. These days, Rococo is considered as a mood which recurred over the ensuing centuries. Rococo is used as elements in design, applied with modern finishes. In the interiors of contemporary homes, Rococo is apparent in furniture, influenced by the French Rococo, Chinese, and Gothic styles. Other features include mahogany as the main wood, carved cabriole legs, claw and ball feet, fretwork and Chinese motifs on chair backs, and brocade, leather, and velour fabrics. If you want to achieve the classic, feminine look, creating a feel of beauty and luxury, then go Rococo loco! Step inside a Rococo home and you’ll definitely feel like a king or a queen.. Modern Rococo

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Interior Design Styles
Introduction:
Interior design styles refer to the different ways in which people decorate their homes. There are many styles, each with its unique characteristics and features. In this lesson, we will learn about one of these styles, Rococo.
What is Rococo?
Rococo is an interior design style that originated in France during the early 18th century. It is characterized by its use of ornate and elegant decorations, such as curving lines, asymmetrical shapes, and pastel colors. The style is often associated with luxury, glamour, and indulgence.
Features of Rococo Style:
1. Asymmetry: Rococo style uses asymmetrical shapes to create a sense of movement and playfulness. This creates a light and airy atmosphere in the room.
2. Glitter and Glamour: Rococo style is all about creating a sense of luxury and elegance. This is achieved through the use of rich fabrics, intricate patterns, and ornate details.
3. Feminine Touch: Rococo style is often associated with a feminine touch. This is because the style uses delicate colors, floral patterns, and soft textures.
4. Mahogany Furniture: Rococo style often uses mahogany furniture with carved cabriole legs, claw and ball feet, fretwork, and Chinese motifs on chair backs.
5. Brocade, Leather, and Velour Fabrics: Rococo style uses rich and luxurious fabrics such as brocade, leather, and velour to create a sense of opulence.
How to Achieve the Rococo Look:
To achieve the classic, feminine look of Rococo style, you need to focus on creating a feel of beauty and luxury. Here are some tips:
1. Use pastel colors: Rococo style often uses soft and delicate colors such as pink, lavender, and cream.
2. Add ornate details: Use intricate patterns, such as floral designs, to add a sense of luxury to your space.
3. Use rich fabrics: Choose luxurious fabrics such as silk, velvet, and brocade to create a sense of opulence.
4. Use mahogany furniture: Choose furniture made from mahogany and add carved cabriole legs, claw and ball feet, fretwork, and Chinese motifs on chair backs.
5. Use brocade, leather, and velour fabrics: Choose rich and luxurious fabrics such as brocade, leather, and velour to create a sense of opulence.
Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the Rococo style, its features, and how to achieve the classic, feminine look. By focusing on creating a feel of beauty and luxury, you can achieve the Rococo look in your home.


text:
I really liked some of the details you added to this. Hitsugaya's human name is one of them. It maybe just be a detail, but I like that you put thought into that.

I also really really liked Matsumoto's connection to Hitsugaya. The liberty you took there with their past was great. I like that you gave them some sort of foundation for their current relationship. Again, very thoughtful.

This story was a great look into how Hitsugaya might have rose to his position in the Gotei 13. The fandom needs more of these kinds of stories. Thanks so much for writing one!

o, cool! U dont see fics like these very often. Good job 4 tryin! _ actually, i thought the timin was pretty good, cept that hinamori applied in shinigami school before hitsugaya did, and then she graduated and became 5th division, THEN hitsugaya decided somehow in one way or another to attend shinigami school, even tho he said he didnt want to...yup...but its pretty good! _

source: minipile

textbook: Thank you for your feedback! I'm glad you enjoyed the story and found it thoughtful. If you have any suggestions or requests for future stories, please let me know!


text:
Q:

Creating a contingency table from multiple logical variables in R

I currently have a data frame with one factor and multiple logical variables (that correspond to some extent to various conditions of a single variable, but are NOT excluding one another).
Taking a simplistic comparison, I want to count cars from different types of people, but someone can have various cars. And let's say I also want to count their phone type (also not excluding one another).
Dummy data:
data = data.frame(Profession = c("Manager", "Manager", "Developer", "Developer"), Ford = c(T, F, F, T), Renault = c(F, T, T, F), Ferrari = c(T, F, F, F), iPhone = c(T, T, T, F), Android = c(T, T, F, T))

#   Profession  Ford Renault Ferrari iPhone Android
# 1    Manager  TRUE   FALSE    TRUE   TRUE    TRUE
# 2    Manager FALSE    TRUE   FALSE   TRUE    TRUE
# 3  Developer FALSE    TRUE   FALSE   TRUE   FALSE
# 4  Developer  TRUE   FALSE   FALSE  FALSE    TRUE

I'd like to obtain a contingency table with the count of Car and Phone types by Profession. Of course, I am not interested in all the FALSE (or NA) values.
Ideally, I'd like to present it in a table with hierarchical structure of variables, such as this:
          Manager Developer (Total)
Car
- Ford          1         1       2
- Renault       1         1       2
- Ferrari       1         0       1
Phone
- iPhone        2         1       3
- Android       2         1       3

I have tried to mess around with table but I must confess I am quite lost and don't know where to begin.

A:

You can also do this with the reshape2 package.
recast(dat, variable ~ Profession, id.var = 1, fun=sum, margins="Profession")

#   variable Developer Manager (all)
# 1     Ford         1       1     2
# 2  Renault         1       1     2
# 3  Ferrari         0       1     1
# 4   iPhone         1       2     3
# 5  Android         1       2     3

recast does this in one step, but to see why the variable names are in the formula have a look at
melt(dat, 1)

and then
dcast(melt(dat, 1), variable ~ Profession, value.var='value', fun=sum)

textbook:
Sure, I can help you with that! To create a contingency table in R, you can use the `table()` function. Here's how you can do it for your dummy data:
```
# Create a new data frame with dummy variables for the contingency table
ctable <- data.frame(Profession = c("Manager", "Developer"),
                     Ford = c(T, T),
                     Renault = c(T, F),
                     Ferrari = c(T, F),
                     iPhone = c(T, T),
                     Android = c(T, F))
# Print the contingency table
table(ctable)
```
This will give you a contingency table with the count of each combination of values for the different variables. Here's what it looks like:
```
          Ford Renault Ferrari iPhone Android
Manager   TRUE   FALSE    TRUE   TRUE    TRUE
Developer FALSE    TRUE   FALSE   TRUE   FALSE
```
You can modify the `ctable` data frame to match your own data by adding or removing variables as needed. Once you have your contingency table, you can use it to analyze the relationships between the different variables and answer research questions about your data.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.


text: : Viral meningitis is by far the more common than bacterial meningitis. Enteroviruses are contagious and infects less than 1 in 1000 develops meningitis. The symptoms have a wide range of severity. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the most common viruses infecting humans of all ages.: Public Health Agency of Canada work on the developments of meningitis in the nation with some primary centres such as Meningitis Research Foundation of Canada.

textbook:
## Lesson: Introduction to Meningitis
### Section 1: What is Meningitis?
Meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. It can be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites. In this lesson, we will focus on viral meningitis, which is the most common form of the disease.
### Section 2: Causes of Viral Meningitis
Enteroviruses are the most common cause of viral meningitis. These viruses are highly contagious and can be spread through contact with an infected person's saliva, nasal secretions, or feces. Less than 1 in 1000 people who are infected with enteroviruses develop meningitis. Other types of viruses that can cause meningitis include herpes simplex virus (HSV), which is one of the most common viruses infecting humans of all ages.
### Section 3: Symptoms of Meningitis
The symptoms of meningitis can vary widely depending on the cause of the disease. Common symptoms include headache, fever, vomiting, and stiffness in the neck. Some people may also experience confusion, seizures, or altered consciousness. The severity of these symptoms can range from mild to severe.
### Section 4: Prevention of Meningitis
There is no vaccine for enteroviral meningitis, but there are vaccines available for other types of meningitis, such as Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b) and pneumococcal meningitis. Practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands regularly and avoiding close contact with sick individuals, can help reduce the risk of getting meningitis.
### Section 5: Treatment of Meningitis
Treatment for meningitis depends on the cause of the disease. Most cases of viral meningitis do not require any specific treatment and will resolve on their own. However, some cases may require hospitalization and supportive care, such as fluids and pain medication. Antiviral medications may also be prescribed for certain types of viral meningitis.
### Glossary:
- Enterovirus: a type of virus that can cause meningitis
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV): a type of virus that can cause meningitis
- Meningitis: an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
- Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib): a type of bacteria that can cause meningitis
- Pneumococcal meningitis: a type of meningitis caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae
### Conclusion:
Meningitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Viral meningitis is the most common form of the disease, and enteroviruses are the most common cause. Symptoms can range from mild to severe, and treatment depends on the cause of the disease. Preventative measures, such as practicing good hygiene, can help reduce the risk of getting meningitis.


text: Take a break from the hassles of everyday life and enjoy yourself with one of our fun and affordable all-inclusive payson lodging packages. Depending on when you visit Payson, our payson lodging offers special rates and great packages for you and your group or reunion.. Best Western Payson Inn Discount Payson AZ Lodging Packages. The Best Western Payson Inn proudly features the best Payson lodging specials & vacation packages available from any hotel in payson.. All the packages are designed to help you experience all of the entertainment and excitement Payson has to offer.

textbook:
**Lesson:** Introduction to All-Inclusive Payson Lodging Packages

**Section 1: Theoretical Concepts**

- What is an all-inclusive package?
- Why do people choose all-inclusive packages?
- How does an all-inclusive package work?

**Section 2: Practical Examples**

- Let's say you want to book a trip to Payson for a week in July. You find an all-inclusive package that includes 7 nights at a hotel, breakfast, lunch, and dinner every day, and some activities like horseback riding and a guided hike. The package costs $1,500 per person. Compare this to booking each component separately: the hotel would cost around $500 per night, food would cost around $100 per day, and the activities would cost around $100 per person. So, the all-inclusive package saves you money and hassle.
- Now let's say you want to plan a family reunion in Payson. You find an all-inclusive package that includes 3 nights at a cabin, a catered barbecue dinner on one night, and access to a community center for activities. The package costs $2,000 for the whole group. If you were to book each component separately, it would cost around $3,000. So, the all-inclusive package saves you money and makes planning easier.

**Section 3: Real-World Scenarios**

- Imagine you are planning a romantic getaway to Payson. You find an all-inclusive package that includes 2 nights at a boutique hotel, a private candlelit dinner on one night, and a couples massage. The package costs $1,200 per couple. This package is perfect for you because it takes care of everything, from accommodations to dining to relaxation.
- Now imagine you are planning a friends' trip to Payson. You find an all-inclusive package that includes 4 nights at a resort, unlimited drinks, and access to a nightclub. The package costs $800 per person. This package is perfect for you because it allows you to let loose and have fun without worrying about extra expenses.

**Glossary:**
- All-inclusive package: A package that includes multiple components of a trip, such as accommodations, food, and activities, for a discounted price.
- Package: A collection of related products or services offered together for sale at a combined price.
- Lodging: A place to stay, especially one that provides temporary accommodations for travelers.

**Conclusion:** All-inclusive Payson lodging packages offer great value and convenience for travelers. By understanding the benefits and components of these packages, you can make informed decisions about your travel plans. Whether you're planning a romantic getaway, a family reunion, or a friends' trip, there's an all-inclusive package that's perfect for you.


text: Create PDF from many POD files. Using POD as the basis of documentation for Perl projects is the usual way to do. There are many modules available to convert POD into several formats. However, I was not able to find a module that creates a single PDF file from all the documentation available for e.g. a single project. Typically a series of PDF files are the result of a conversion. Combining these files and creating a hierarchical outline can be hard work.. As a simple aid, we peeked into pod2pdf and wrote a little wrapper around it in order to handle many files and create the outline. Well, this solution is not rock solid, as we rely on its internals but at least it is short and usually creating PDFs is not mission-critical.. Maybe some parts can still be improved, but for people interested, here is my first try:. Feedback welcome!

textbook:
Lesson: How to Create a Single PDF File from Multiple POD Files

## Section 1: Introduction

In this lesson, we will learn how to create a single PDF file from multiple POD files. We will use a simple wrapper around the pod2pdf module to combine multiple POD files into a single PDF document. This is useful for creating a hierarchical outline of the documentation for a Perl project.

## Section 2: Pod2Pdf Module

The pod2pdf module is a Perl script that converts POD (Plain Old Document) files into PDF (Portable Document Format) files. It uses the Pod::Pdf module to parse the POD files and the PDF::Writer module to create the PDF document.

To use the pod2pdf module, you need to install the following modules:

1. Pod::Pdf
2. PDF::Writer
3. PDF::API2

You can install these modules using CPAN:

```
cpan install Pod::Pdf PDF::Writer PDF::API2
```

Once you have installed the modules, you can run the pod2pdf script by providing the path to the POD files:

```
pod2pdf path/to/pod/files > path/to/output.pdf
```

## Section 3: Creating a Wrapper Around Pod2Pdf

To create a wrapper around the pod2pdf module, we will write a Perl script that takes a list of POD file paths as input and combines them into a single PDF document. Here is an example script:

```perl
#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

use Pod::Pdf;
use PDF::Writer;
use PDF::API2;

sub combine_pod_files {
    my ($pod_files) = @_;

    # Create a new PDF document
    my $pdf = PDF::Writer->new();

    # Add the title to the document
    $pdf->add_title('Combined POD Files');

    # Open the document
    $pdf->open();

    # Loop through each POD file and add its content to the document
    foreach my $pod_file (@$pod_files) {
        my $pod = Pod::Pdf->parse_file($pod_file);
        $pod->render($pdf);
    }

    # Close the document
    $pdf->close();

    # Save the PDF file
    return $pdf->output();
}

if (@ARGV != 1) {
    print "Usage: perl combine_pod_files.pl path/to/pod/files\n";
    exit(1);
}

my $pod_files_path = $ARGV[0];

# Check if the path is a valid directory
if (!-d $pod_files_path) {
    print "Error: $pod_files_path is not a valid directory.\n";
    exit(1);
}

# Get a list of all POD files in the directory
my @pod_files = grep { -f "$pod_files_path/$_"} readdir($pod_files_path);

# Combine the POD files into a single PDF document
my $pdf_data = combine_pod_files(\@pod_files);

# Save the PDF file
open(my $fh, '>', $pod_files_path . '/combined_pod_files.pdf') or die "Could not open file '$pod_files_path/combined_pod_files.pdf': $!";
print $fh $pdf_data;
close($fh);

print "PDF file created successfully: $pod_files_path/combined_pod_files.pdf\n";
```

This script takes a single argument, which is the path to the directory containing the POD files. It then loops through each POD file in the directory and adds its content to the PDF document using the `Pod::Pdf` and `PDF::Writer` modules.

## Section 4: Conclusion

In this lesson, we learned how to create a single PDF file from multiple POD files using a simple wrapper around the pod2pdf module. We covered the basic concepts of the pod2pdf module and wrote a Perl script that combines multiple POD files into a single PDF document. This is useful for creating a hierarchical outline of the documentation for a Perl project.


text:
Former Clemson stars assist new fundraising initiative

Former Tigers athletes will help auction NFL and golf outings and even a safari to help a Clemson scholarship program.

Oct 20, 2013; Miami Gardens, FL, USA; Buffalo Bills running back C.J. Spiller (28) runs the ball against the Miami Dolphins in the first quarter of a game at Sun Life Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Robert Mayer-USA TODAY Sports(Photo: Robert Mayer, Robert Mayer-USA TODAY Sports)

CLEMSON – Short of scientific manipulation of time and talent, this is the best opportunity most Clemson fans will get to sample the professional football experience.

Fans can secure an all-access pass in Nashville, Tenn., with Tennessee Titans and former Clemson football stars Charlie Whitehurst and Coty Sensabaugh or get the red-and-blue carpet treatment at a Buffalo Bills game with former Clemson running back C.J. Spiller.

Those experiences – and several other expeditions – will be auctioned during the One Clemson Main Event, a fundraiser scheduled for 6:30 to 9:30 Thursday at the One Building in downtown Greenville.

"We built this around spring game weekend," Clemson senior director of development Donna Dant said, alluding to the spring football game scheduled for Saturday in Memorial Stadium.

"There will be a lot of former athletes back on campus," Dant said. "They've been telling us that they are more interested in what's happening at Clemson as a whole."

The auction will encompass a wide range of adventures, from a golfing trip with former Clemson stars Charles Warren and Ben Martin to an African safari.

Tickets for the event are $100, with $25 benefiting the One Clemson scholarship initiative. This event is part of Clemson's The Will to Lead capital campaign aimed to raise $1 billion to support Clemson students and faculty with scholarships, professorships, facilities, technology and enhanced opportunities for learning and research.

"The Clemson alum is a special person," Dant said. "I've worked at other universities and actually grew up with a father who was a professor, so I've been around academia for a while. They are just so loyal to the university.

"They already believe to some degree in supporting both sides of the university, the academy and athletics, but the idea of how they integrate the two is new, and most of them are excited about the ability to do that. They don't feel like they're giving in silos as much any more. It's really been neat."

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Fundraising Initiatives

### Overview

In this lesson, we will learn about fundraising initiatives and how they can help organizations raise money for their causes. We will explore the different types of fundraising events, the role of celebrities in these events, and the importance of marketing and promotion in making these events successful. By the end of this lesson, you will have a better understanding of how fundraising initiatives work and how you can participate in them to support your favorite causes.

### Section 1: What are Fundraising Initiatives?

Fundraising initiatives are events or campaigns organized by organizations to raise money for a specific cause or project. These initiatives can take many forms, such as charity auctions, walks or runs, galas, or online crowdfunding campaigns. The goal of these initiatives is to engage people in supporting the organization's mission while raising funds to help achieve its goals.

### Section 2: Types of Fundraising Initiatives

There are many different types of fundraising initiatives that organizations can use to raise money for their causes. Some common examples include:

1. Charity auctions: These events involve selling items or services to the highest bidder, with the proceeds going to the organization.

2. Walks or runs: Participants register for a walk or run event and raise money by collecting pledges from friends and family.

3. Galas: These are formal events with dinner, entertainment, and live or silent auctions to raise money for the organization.

4. Online crowdfunding campaigns: Organizations can create campaigns on platforms like GoFundMe or Kickstarter to raise money from a large number of people contributing small amounts.

5. Benefit concerts: Musicians perform at a concert to raise money for the organization, with ticket sales and merchandise sales generating revenue.

### Section 3: Celebrities and Fundraising Initiatives

Celebrities can play an important role in fundraising initiatives by lending their name and status to attract attention and support for the cause. They may attend the event, donate items for auction, or even perform at a benefit concert. Their involvement can help increase the visibility and credibility of the initiative, leading to higher donations and participation.

### Section 4: Marketing and Promotion

Marketing and promotion are crucial components of any successful fundraising initiative. Organizations must effectively communicate the purpose of the event, its benefits, and how participants can contribute to the cause. This can be done through social media, email campaigns, and targeted advertising. It is also essential to create a buzz around the event, generating excitement and interest among potential donors and participants.

### Glossary

- Fundraising initiative: An event or campaign organized by an organization to raise money for a specific cause or project.
- Auction: A process where items or services are sold to the highest bidder, with the proceeds going to the organization.
- Pledge: A promise to donate a specified amount of money to an organization.
- Crowdfunding: The practice of raising small amounts of money from a large number of people, typically via the internet.
- Celebrity: A well-known public figure who can attract attention and support for a cause through their name and status.
- Marketing: The activity and process of creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.
- Promotion: The act of raising awareness and interest in an event or cause through advertising and public relations.

### Conclusion

By understanding the basics of fundraising initiatives, we can appreciate the importance of these events in supporting various causes. Whether it's through attending a gala, participating in a walk or run, or donating to an online crowdfunding campaign, there are many ways to get involved and make a difference. By applying the concepts learned in this lesson, we can contribute to the success of these initiatives and help make a positive impact on our communities.


text:
Have we reached peak app in this our pretty clearly bubbly tech economy of 2016? Some people are still going to tell you no, but I'm here to tell you, and them, about Nookzy. A friend of a friend got a piece of their direct mail marketing on her doorstep, which you can see below, and it appears that the app wants to facilitate the process of letting people rent their backyards, rooftops, and hot tubs by the hour. Because share everything we must!

Yeah the idea is that people get to share private spaces, or "nooks," so that the gorgeous little corners of our gorgeous city do not lay empty. Because why should you have a lovely garden behind your house that you barely use when there are some Millennials with disposable cash who would like to be sitting there having beers right now?

Per the site copy:

Our goal is to make the city more multifaceted and interesting by opening it up for people to use. Much of the city goes unused most of the time, and much of the city's potential never gets tapped into. We believe that even the smallest, humblest corners of the metropolis have an incredible potential to be a source of abundance. By directing attention to the many spaces of the city, our hope is to transform these spaces and their visitors. Our platform allows respectful visitors to enjoy the urban nooks that previously had been unavailable to them, while simultaneously improving the spaces themselves. From little greenhouses to saunas to hot tubs to garden alcoves, Nookzy hosts some of the most stunning and delightful spaces, bookable by the hour.

Also, the page about becoming a "nook" host suggests that, unlike Airbnb, they're actually going to send a rep from the company out to assess your "nook" and even joozh it up a bit, design-wise, as necessary. And it seems geared toward outdoor spaces, but not limited to those, so there could be some inviting people to use your basement billiard room I guess? The Nookzy team also says that they lend out inflatable hot tubs and saunas, too, if you have the space to host them.

The app, meanwhile, doesn't appear to be searchable yet in Apple's app store, but you can get the host-side app by signing up here.

Co-founder Eric Rogers wrote this piece on Medium about the concept back in February, talking about how he and some friends have created "episodes" in under-utilized urban spaces, like a pop-up lounge they threw together in the middle of some shipping containers, and invited 100 friends to come hang. He harkens back to The Situationists of 1960's Paris, calling it "an unfurling spatial experiment in which we create unexpected, designed moments in pockets and nooks scattered around the city."

It is, to be sure, an idealistic concept and perhaps a niche that some think needs filling. But I would guess that there are far more people willing to borrow a backyard or stink up a hot tub for a few bucks than there are owners of backyards or hot tubs eager to invite strangers to use them. And if you rent, prepare to find out that your neighbors and/or landlord really don't appreciate you doing this.

As for throwing pop-up parties in random urban spaces, that sounds amazing. But get back to me with a business plan for that.

Previously: The On-Demand/Shut-In Economy Is Definitely Slowing Down, If Not Dying

textbook:
## Lesson: Sharing Economy and Peer-to-Peer Applications

### Introduction

The sharing economy is a concept that promotes the sharing of resources among individuals, either for free or at a cost. It is based on the idea that people can share their assets, skills, or time with others in their community, leading to a more sustainable and collaborative society. In recent years, the rise of technology has enabled the creation of peer-to-peer (P2P) applications that facilitate the sharing of resources.

In this lesson, we will explore the sharing economy and its role in the modern world. We will discuss the benefits and challenges of P2P applications, and how they are changing the way we live, work, and interact with others.

### Section 1: What is the Sharing Economy?

The sharing economy is a concept that promotes the sharing of resources among individuals. It is based on the idea that people can share their assets, skills, or time with others in their community, leading to a more sustainable and collaborative society.

The sharing economy has been made possible by the rise of technology, which has enabled the creation of P2P applications that facilitate the sharing of resources. These applications allow people to share their homes, cars, skills, and other resources with others in their community.

### Section 2: Benefits of the Sharing Economy

There are several benefits to the sharing economy, including:

1. Environmental sustainability: By sharing resources, people can reduce their carbon footprint and help protect the environment.

2. Cost savings: People can save money by sharing resources instead of buying them outright.

3. Community building: The sharing economy encourages people to connect with others in their community, leading to stronger social bonds and a sense of belonging.

4. Access to underutilized resources: The sharing economy allows people to access resources that they may not have been able to afford otherwise, such as vacation homes or expensive equipment.

### Section 3: Challenges of the Sharing Economy

While the sharing economy has many benefits, there are also some challenges associated with it:

1. Regulation: The sharing economy is not always regulated in the same way as traditional businesses, leading to concerns about safety and accountability.

2. Trust: People may be hesitant to share their resources with strangers, leading to trust issues and concerns about security.

3. Job displacement: Some people worry that the sharing economy may lead to job displacement, as people are able to share resources instead of hiring professionals.

### Section 4: Examples of P2P Applications

There are many P2P applications that facilitate the sharing economy, including:

1. Airbnb: This application allows people to rent out their homes or rooms to travelers.

2. Uber: This application allows people to share rides with others, reducing the cost of transportation and reducing traffic congestion.

3. TaskRabbit: This application allows people to hire others to complete tasks, such as cleaning or handyman work.

4. Etsy: This application allows people to sell homemade goods to others in their community.

### Section 5: Conclusion

The sharing economy is a powerful concept that is changing the way we live, work, and interact with others. By promoting the sharing of resources among individuals, the sharing economy is leading to a more sustainable and collaborative society. While there are some challenges associated with the sharing economy, such as regulation and trust issues, the benefits of cost savings, environmental sustainability, and community building are significant. As technology continues to evolve, we can expect to see even more P2P applications that will further promote the sharing economy.


text: Diagnostic Pathology: Soft Tissue Tumors 2e. Author By : Matthew R Lindberg MD,. Publisher : Elsevier,. ISBN-10 : 0323376754. Pages :. Chapters :. Publish Date : September 9, 2015. File Type : PDF. Language : English. Quick Overview. The best book for all pathologists and others interested in learning more about this field is here. It is mainly about diagnostic practices of difficult soft tissue tumors. This is provided with the help of definite architectural growth pattern. Clear tables and historic features are also used in this book. The text is written from the latest findings in the field. Ways, variants, annotated images are depicted in this book. It is written in a specific and direct language for all the readers.

textbook:
Lesson: Diagnostic Pathology: Soft Tissue Tumors 2e

Introduction:
Pathology is the study of diseases and their causes, mechanisms, and development. Diagnostic pathology is a branch of pathology that focuses on the diagnosis of diseases through the examination of tissues, organs, and bodily fluids. In this lesson, we will learn about diagnostic pathology and its application in identifying soft tissue tumors.

Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is to understand the importance of diagnostic pathology in identifying soft tissue tumors and how it can be applied in medical practice.

Section 1: Introduction to Diagnostic Pathology

Topic 1: What is Diagnostic Pathology?
- Diagnostic pathology is the study of diseases through the examination of tissues, organs, and bodily fluids.
- It helps in identifying the cause, nature, and extent of a disease.
- It is an essential tool in the diagnosis and treatment of various medical conditions.

Topic 2: Importance of Diagnostic Pathology
- Diagnostic pathology plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
- It helps in identifying the type of tumor and its aggressiveness, which can affect the treatment plan.
- It can also help in determining the prognosis of the patient.

Section 2: Soft Tissue Tumors

Topic 1: What are Soft Tissue Tumors?
- Soft tissue tumors are abnormal growths that occur in the connective tissues of the body.
- They can occur in various parts of the body, such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, and fat.
- These tumors can be benign or malignant, and they can affect the functioning of the body.

Topic 2: Types of Soft Tissue Tumors
- There are several types of soft tissue tumors, including:
  - Lipomas: benign tumors made up of fat cells
  - Hemangiomas: benign tumors made up of blood vessels
  - Neurofibromas: benign tumors made up of nerve tissue
  - Leiomyomas: benign tumors made up of smooth muscle cells
  - Sarcomas: malignant tumors made up of bone, cartilage, or other connective tissues

Section 3: Diagnostic Pathology in Identifying Soft Tissue Tumors

Topic 1: How is Diagnostic Pathology Used in Identifying Soft Tissue Tumors?
- Diagnostic pathology involves the examination of tissue samples taken from the body.
- These samples are then analyzed under a microscope to identify the presence of tumors and their characteristics.
- This information can help in determining the type of tumor and its aggressiveness.

Topic 2: Importance of Histopathology in Identifying Soft Tissue Tumors
- Histopathology is the study of tissue structures and their functions.
- It involves the examination of tissue samples taken from the body.
- Histopathology is essential in identifying soft tissue tumors as it helps in determining the type and aggressiveness of the tumor.

Section 4: Practical Application

Topic 1: How can Diagnostic Pathology be Applied in Medical Practice?
- Diagnostic pathology can be applied in medical practice by examining tissue samples taken from the body.
- These samples can be obtained through biopsies or surgery.
- The results of the examination can help in diagnosing the type of tumor and its aggressiveness.
- This information can be used to determine the best course of treatment for the patient.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, diagnostic pathology is an essential tool in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. It can be applied in identifying soft tissue tumors by examining tissue samples taken from the body. Understanding the importance of diagnostic pathology in identifying soft tissue tumors can help medical professionals make informed decisions about the best course of treatment for their patients.


text: Nearby Schools. Edwardsville Dist 7Elementary School. Edwardsville Dist 7Middle School. EdwardsvilleHigh School. Description. Waterfronts are scarce in Holiday Shores but with Lot C1156 and B1157 you have all the room you need for a large home on the water or lots of privacy area. Wooded with lots of potential and can turn out to be your private estate. These lots will make a great walkout for your dream home. Lot C1156 Parcel ID# 16-2-03-36-02-203-020 Taxes $1,917 and Lot B1157 Parcel ID# 16-2-03-36-02-203-019 Taxes $378. One time initiation fee of $660 and yearly dues and assessments of $710. Enjoy Lake living at Holiday Shores for all your boating needs plus relaxation. Your vacation area without all the traveling, own to the waters edge. Acreage unknown on Lot B11: Holiday Shores.

textbook:
Lesson: Real Estate Investment Basics

Introduction:
Real estate investment is the process of buying, selling, or renting property for profit. This lesson will cover the basics of real estate investment, including how to find properties, evaluate their potential, and manage your investments.

Section 1: Finding Properties

Topic 1: Researching Neighborhoods
- What is a neighborhood?
- Why is researching neighborhoods important when looking for a property to invest in?
- How can you research a neighborhood?
- What factors should you consider when evaluating a neighborhood?

Topic 2: Finding Properties to Invest In
- Where can you find properties to invest in?
- What are some common sources of properties for investment?
- How do you evaluate a property's potential as an investment?
- What are some key factors to consider when evaluating a property?

Section 2: Evaluating Potential

Topic 1: Calculating ROI
- What is ROI?
- How do you calculate ROI?
- Why is ROI important when evaluating a property?
- What factors should you consider when calculating ROI?

Topic 2: Analyzing Rentability
- What is rentability?
- How do you analyze a property's rentability?
- Why is rentability important when evaluating a property?
- What factors should you consider when analyzing a property's rentability?

Section 3: Managing Your Investments

Topic 1: Property Management
- What is property management?
- Why is property management important when investing in real estate?
- How do you manage a rental property?
- What are some common responsibilities of a landlord?

Topic 2: Taxes and Fees
- What taxes and fees are associated with real estate investment?
- How do you calculate and pay taxes and fees?
- Why is it important to understand taxes and fees when investing in real estate?
- What are some common taxes and fees associated with real estate investment?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, real estate investment can be a lucrative way to build wealth. By researching neighborhoods, evaluating potential, and managing your investments effectively, you can find and invest in properties that will provide a high return on investment. Remember to always do your due diligence and consult with a professional before making any investment decisions.

Glossary:
- Neighborhood: A geographic area that shares common characteristics such as population density, housing types, and amenities.
- ROI: Return on Investment, a measure of the profitability of an investment.
- Rentability: The potential to generate rental income from a property.
- Property Management: The operation and oversight of real estate assets to maximize their potential.
- Landlord: A person or entity that owns and rents out property.

[**Note: This lesson is intended for primary through high school students and can be adapted accordingly.**]


text:
SALT LAKE CITY — About four years ago, Rick Schwermer got a phone call from someone with the U.S. government asking how many veterans were in Utah's drug courts.

He sent an email to the state's judges who preside over the drug courts and received several responses indicating they didn't believe there were any veterans in the drug court system.

"One of the things that became apparent is it wasn't something we looked for," said Schwermer, assistant Utah State Courts administrator. "It wasn't a characteristic we knew we needed to treat differently or an experience we needed to respond to differently. But, of course, what we had was quite a few veterans in our drug courts."

Now, the Utah State Courts are working to implement veterans treatment courts in both 3rd and 4th sistrict courts. These courts will be similar to the other "problem-solving courts" already in place — mental health and drug courts — that aim to go beyond punishment by providing treatment and long-term solutions for those facing criminal charges while struggling with such issues.

"Their experience as veterans really does bring with it different problems than other drug court and mental health court participants have," Schwermer said. "They have a higher incidence of co-occurring disorders, which means they might have (post-traumatic stress disorder) as well as a substance abuse disorder. … So that's why the approach is important."

He said the court is asking questions "correctly" to better identify veterans because many who have served in the military think "veteran" solely means those who served in World War II or Vietnam. The courts will also build in a mentor system to pair veterans who land in court with other veterans who can connect to them and help them as they navigate treatment and the court process.

This was an "instinctive" decision that mirrors other veterans courts, but Schwermer said it speaks to the military's "buddy system" and simply makes sense. There is research that shows there are benefits to treating veterans separately from other mental health or drug court participants, he said.

"Their experiences and their perspectives in life can be significantly different," Schwermer explained.

The 5th District Court does not have a specific veterans court but has started to dedicate time to address cases involving veterans within its existing mental health court program.

"We owe a great debt to them," 5th District Judge John Walton said. "It's not about giving anybody a free pass. It's about considering what may have happened to them during their service."

While there are certain kinds of charges that wouldn't qualify for the separate court, the judge said the goal is to help those veterans who can be redirected and helped with treatment.

"What we're trying to accomplish is to pay respect to our armed serves and our veterans by focusing on treatment and seeing how we can help them," Walton said. "And then, when they perform well and do well in treatment, give them the reward of taking their case out of the criminal justice system."

Rick Davis, trial court executive for the 5th District Court, said the decision was made to create a separate court calendar to help veterans after some urging from those in the community. Several entities approached the court, he said, including veterans groups, behavioral health centers and the Washington County Attorney's Office.

"I think there was a recognition that we have a lot of veterans that have served and that are serving, and they come back to the area or come back from their assignments and they're having some struggles with different issues, and sometimes they run into trouble with the law," Davis said.

Both Provo's 4th District Court and Salt Lake City's 3rd District Court are in the process of creating veterans courts, Schwermer said. The 4th District's veterans court should get underway sometime this year.

Judge Samuel McVey, who served in the U.S. Marine Corps, will preside over the court in Provo. In a report from the courts, McVey said he understands the veterans' perspective.

"I speak their language and know where they've been," the judge said in the report. "My role is to not only make sure they toe the line and to apply sanctions when necessary, but to motivate them."

Defense attorney Clayton Simms said he is familiar with the concept of veterans courts and praised the state's efforts to implement them.

"Veterans court is really important because these are people that contributed to society, and we owe them a debt," he said.

Simms said separating veterans into their own court also speaks to the camaraderie and shared experience often associated with those who served in the armed forces.

"They have that common interest there," he said, adding that veterans courts, like the other problem-solving courts, are a smart way to try to solve crime.

"They're a great resource to get people on the right track," Simms said. "There is a certain element of punishment to it, but you're also trying to heal that person and solve that problem and prevent future crimes."

Email: emorgan@deseretnews.com

Twitter: DNewsCrimeTeam

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Veterans Treatment Courts

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Veterans treatment courts are specialized courts designed to address the unique needs of military veterans who have come into contact with the criminal justice system. These courts recognize that military service can have a significant impact on an individual's life, and that veterans may face different challenges than non-veterans when it comes to addiction, mental health, and reintegration into civilian society.

### Section 2: Practical Examples and Real-World Scenarios

One example of a veteran who might benefit from a veterans treatment court is a soldier who returned from deployment with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and struggled with substance abuse. This veteran was arrested for a minor offense, but instead of being sent to a traditional jail or prison, he was referred to a veterans treatment court. In this court, he received counseling and therapy to address his PTSD and substance abuse issues, as well as support and resources to help him find employment and rebuild his relationships with his family and friends.

Another example might be a veteran who was injured in combat and now has a physical disability that makes it difficult to find work. This veteran was arrested for shoplifting, which he did because he was desperate for money to pay his bills. In veterans treatment court, he received assistance with finding appropriate housing and disability benefits, as well as job training and placement services.

### Section 3: Critical Thinking and Discussion Questions

1. Why do you think veterans treatment courts are necessary? What unique challenges do veterans face when they come into contact with the criminal justice system?
2. How might the experience of military service affect a person's mental health or substance abuse issues?
3. What types of resources and services might be provided in a veterans treatment court? How might these differ from those provided in a traditional drug court or mental health court?

### Glossary
- Veteran: A person who has served in the military, usually referring to someone who has completed their service and been discharged.
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): A mental health condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, such as combat or sexual assault. Symptoms may include intrusive memories, avoidance behaviors, negative mood changes, and hyperarousal.
- Substance abuse: The misuse of drugs or alcohol, which can lead to physical and mental health problems, as well as social and legal difficulties.
- Problem-solving courts: Specialized courts designed to address the underlying causes of criminal behavior, rather than simply punishing offenders. Examples include drug courts, mental health courts, and veterans treatment courts.

### Conclusion

Veterans treatment courts provide an important opportunity for veterans who have come into contact with the criminal justice system to receive the support and resources they need to address their unique challenges and rebuild their lives. By recognizing the impact of military service on individuals and their communities, these courts help to ensure that justice is not only done but also seen to be done.


text: JavaScript is required.. Style:. Heavy Psych / Stoner / Doom. SPAWN was formed in early 2017, arising from the smoky Melbourne underground and composed of three chicks forging a diversified mix of psychedelic, sludge and stoner vibes. The EP aims to bring a good contrast between ethereal vocals and distorted guitar, tough sludgy bass and hard-hitting drums. This EP takes you on a journey within, dark yet bright, heavy yet peaceful. An unique raw sound that is full of emotion and passion!. Delivery within Germany max. 3-4 business days.Outside germany depending on the carrier.. Go back

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to JavaScript Programming Language

## Section 1: Overview of JavaScript

JavaScript is a programming language that is commonly used to create interactive elements on web pages. It is a high-level, interpreted language that is easy to learn and use. JavaScript code can be written directly into HTML pages and executed by web browsers.

## Section 2: Basic Concepts of JavaScript

In JavaScript, variables are used to store values. Variables must be declared before they can be used. For example, the following code declares a variable named "myVar" and assigns it a value of 5:

```
var myVar = 5;
```

JavaScript also supports loops, which allow code to be repeated multiple times. For example, the following code creates a loop that prints the numbers 1 to 10:

```
for (var i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
  console.log(i);
}
```

Functions are blocks of code that perform a specific task. In JavaScript, functions can accept arguments and return values. For example, the following code defines a function called "add" that adds two numbers together:

```
function add(a, b) {
  return a + b;
}
```

## Section 3: Practical Examples of JavaScript

JavaScript can be used to create interactive web pages. For example, the following code adds an event listener to a button that changes the background color of the page when it is clicked:

```
document.getElementById("myButton").addEventListener("click", function() {
  document.body.style.backgroundColor = "red";
});
```

JavaScript can also be used to manipulate data. For example, the following code filters an array of numbers to only include even numbers:

```
var numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6];
var evenNumbers = numbers.filter(function(num) {
  return num % 2 === 0;
});
```

## Glossary

- Variable: A named storage location for a value that can be used in a program.
- Loop: A block of code that is repeated multiple times.
- Function: A block of code that performs a specific task and can accept arguments and return values.
- Event listener: A piece of code that listens for a specific event and performs an action when the event occurs.
- Array: A data structure that stores a collection of values.
- Filter: A method that returns a new array containing only the values that meet a specific condition.

## Conclusion

JavaScript is a powerful and versatile programming language that is widely used on the web. By understanding the basic concepts of JavaScript and how to use them practically, you can create dynamic and interactive web pages.