text:
How to run B-to-B online promotion

Business-to-business: It’s not the sexiest segment of the New Economy. And true to its nature, B-to-Bs’ advertising strategies are a lot more pedestrian than those of its wild-and-woolly consumer-oriented e-commerce cousins. Business-to-consumer dot-coms debate whether to work with one or multiple agencies to create a big brand boom. But the main question for business-to-business dot-coms is rather more mundane. It revolves around when and how their ad campaigns should introduce targeted, narrower messages and when to launch broad, branding themes.

B-to-B dot-coms generally need to explain their products to customers more extensively than do consumer dot-coms. At the same time, they need to create broad, accessible messages. This makes their marketing job all the more difficult since they’re on the same tight time frames as consumer-based businesses. B-to-B advertisers need to create tactical messages to attract new customers, but they also need to build brand.

Consider Agillion. Steve Papermaster, co-founder and CEO of the Austin, Texas-based company, is quick to emphasize that Agillion’s Super Bowl spot last January wasn’t a budget-blowing act of hubris for his year-old startup. For one, Agillion, which offers inexpensive Web-based customer-relationship management (CRM) systems to small and midsize companies, is among the growing ranks of B-to-B enterprises that have ad budgets big enough in Agillion’s case, $20 million to afford a dash of consumer-style marketing.

To that end – and months before Agillion ran the Super Bowl ad that kicked off this year’s campaign – the company hired an ad agency that could address both the highly targeted and the broader marketing initiatives Agillion planned to introduce. “I think hiring multiple agencies can be a mistake for an early-stage company,” says Papermaster.

The Super Bowl spot was actually an end run for Agillion’s agency, Austin-based GSD&M Advertising. First and foremost, GSD&M helped Agillion market its service during 1999 on a local level, while the company’s service was still in “preview version.” The campaign centered around local radio, print, and TV spots, which attracted a first wave of customers. This, in essence, was Agillion’s round of first-stage tactical advertising.

Papermaster notes, though, that the size of his target audience was a key factor in his hiring GSD&M. The agency has worked with such large clients as the U.S. Olympic Committee and Southwestern Bell, and Papermaster felt Agillion would need a thin layer of consumer advertising in the mix. “I would tell a vice president of marketing at any business-to-business dot-com that if the customer base is smallish in the thousands or tens of thousands then reject the idea of using a mass consumer strategy,” Papermaster says.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Run a Successful Business-to-Business Online Promotion

Introduction:
In today's digital age, businesses are increasingly turning to online promotions to reach their target audience. However, running a successful business-to-business (B-to-B) online promotion requires careful planning, execution, and analysis. In this lesson, we will explore the key steps to creating an effective B-to-B online promotion.

Section 1: Understanding Your Audience
The first step in creating an effective B-to-B online promotion is understanding your target audience. This includes identifying their needs, preferences, and pain points. By understanding your audience, you can tailor your message and content to resonate with them.

Questions and Answers:
- What are the demographics of your target audience?
- What are their pain points and how can your product or service solve them?
- What motivates them to make a purchase?

Section 2: Defining Your Message and Goals
Once you understand your audience, you can define your message and goals for the online promotion. This includes identifying the key benefits of your product or service and how it can solve your audience's pain points.

Questions and Answers:
- What are the key benefits of your product or service?
- How can you communicate these benefits to your audience?
- What are your goals for the online promotion?

Section 3: Choosing the Right Platforms
With your message and goals defined, you can now choose the right platforms to reach your audience. This includes social media, email marketing, and search engine optimization.

Questions and Answers:
- Which platforms does your audience frequent?
- How can you tailor your message to each platform?
- What metrics can you use to measure the success of your online promotion?

Section 4: Creating Engaging Content
Creating engaging content is crucial to the success of your B-to-B online promotion. This includes blog posts, videos, and infographics that showcase the benefits of your product or service.

Questions and Answers:
- What type of content resonates with your audience?
- How can you make your content engaging and shareable?
- What metrics can you use to measure the engagement of your content?

Section 5: Analyzing Results and Optimizing
Finally, analyzing the results of your B-to-B online promotion is essential to optimizing future efforts. This includes tracking metrics such as click-through rates, conversion rates, and social media engagement.

Questions and Answers:
- What metrics can you track to measure the success of your online promotion?
- How can you optimize your message and content based on your analysis?
- What changes can you make for future online promotions?

Conclusion:
Running a successful B-to-B online promotion requires careful planning, execution, and analysis. By understanding your audience, defining your message and goals, choosing the right platforms, creating engaging content, and analyzing results, you can create an effective online promotion that resonates with your target audience.

Glossary:
- B-to-B: Business-to-business
- Dot-com: A business that operates exclusively online
- Ad campaigns: A series of advertisement used to promote a product or service
- Branding: The process of creating a unique identity for a product or service
- Consumer-oriented: Relating to products or services designed for individual consumers
- B-to-C: Business-to-consumer
- Super Bowl spot: A commercial aired during the Super Bowl
- Agillion: A company mentioned as an example of a successful B-to-B online promotion.

### Output:
Lesson: How to Run a Successful Business-to-Business Online Promotion

Introduction:
In today's digital age, businesses are increasingly turning to online promotions to reach their target audience. However, running a successful business-to-business (B-to-B) online promotion requires careful planning, execution, and analysis. In this lesson, we will explore the key steps to creating an effective B-to-B online promotion.

Section 1: Understanding Your Audience
The first step in creating an effective B-to-B online promotion is understanding your target audience. This includes identifying their needs, preferences, and pain points. By understanding your audience, you can tailor your message and content to resonate with them.

Questions and Answers:
- What are the demographics of your target audience?
- What are their pain points and how can your product or service solve them?
- What motivates them to make a purchase?

Section 2: Defining Your Message and Goals
Once you understand your audience, you can define your message and goals for the online promotion. This includes identifying the key benefits of your product or service and how it can solve your audience's pain points.

Questions and Answers:
- What are the key benefits of your product or service?
- How can you communicate these benefits to your audience?
- What are your goals for the online promotion?

Section 3: Choosing the Right Platforms
With your message and goals defined, you can now choose the right platforms to reach your audience. This includes social media, email marketing, and search engine optimization.

Questions and Answers:
- Which platforms does your audience frequent?
- How can you tailor your message to each platform?
- What metrics can you use to measure the success of your online promotion?

Section 4: Creating Engaging Content
Creating engaging content is crucial to the success of your B-to-B online promotion. This includes blog posts, videos, and infographics that showcase the benefits of your product or service.

Questions and Answers:
- What type of content resonates with your audience?
- How can you make your content engaging and shareable?
- What metrics can you use to measure the engagement of your content?

Section 5: Analyzing Results and Optimizing
Finally, analyzing the results of your B-to-B online promotion is essential to optimizing future efforts. This includes tracking metrics such as click-through rates, conversion rates, and social media engagement.

Questions and Answers:
- What metrics can you track to measure the success of your online promotion?
- How can you optimize your message and content based on your analysis?
- What changes can you make for future online promotions?

Conclusion:
Running a successful B-to-B online promotion requires careful planning, execution, and analysis. By understanding your audience, defining your message and goals, choosing the right platforms, creating engaging content, and analyzing results, you can create an effective online promotion that resonates with your target audience.


text: CDP Board Treasurer, Ken Jones is not the kind of CFO who is content to sit at a desk. Before joining the Annie E. Casey.. Jones oversees finance, accounting, grants management, facilities, operations and information technology, but the Foundation’s core mission is “personally near and dear to my heart,” he says. While earning a bachelor’s degree at Boston University and a master’s degree at the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jones, a Bronx native, worked with Upward Bound and also ran summer programs for youth.. After earning an M.B.A. at the Sloan School of Management at MIT and launching his corporate career in finance, he continued to participate in Habitat for Humanity, Paint the Town and other community service activities.

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson: Financial Management for Nonprofit Organizations
Introduction:
Financial management is a crucial aspect of running a nonprofit organization. In this lesson, we will explore the role of the treasurer in a nonprofit organization, the importance of financial management, and the key components of financial management for nonprofits.
Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is that financial management is essential for the success and sustainability of a nonprofit organization.
Section 1: The Role of the Treasurer in a Nonprofit Organization
The treasurer is responsible for managing the financial affairs of the organization. They oversee finance, accounting, grants management, facilities, operations, and information technology.
Questions and Answers:
1. What are the key responsibilities of the treasurer in a nonprofit organization?
2. Why is financial management important for nonprofits?
Section 2: Importance of Financial Management for Nonprofits
Financial management is essential for nonprofits because it helps them to:
1. Meet their mission and goals
2. Ensure financial stability and sustainability
3. Comply with legal and regulatory requirements
4. Make informed decisions about program development and expansion
5. Attract and retain donors and funders
Questions and Answers:
1. Why is financial management important for nonprofits?
2. What are the benefits of financial management for nonprofits?
Section 3: Key Components of Financial Management for Nonprofits
The key components of financial management for nonprofits include:
1. Budgeting and forecasting
2. Accounting and reporting
3. Cash management and investments
4. Grants management
5. Risk management and insurance
6. Information technology
Questions and Answers:
1. What are the key components of financial management for nonprofits?
2. How do nonprofits manage their finances differently from for-profit organizations?
Conclusion:
In conclusion, financial management is essential for the success and sustainability of a nonprofit organization. By managing finances effectively, nonprofits can meet their mission and goals, ensure financial stability and sustainability, comply with legal and regulatory requirements, make informed decisions about program development and expansion, and attract and retain donors and funders.
Glossary:
Treasurer: The person responsible for managing the financial affairs of an organization.
Nonprofit Organization: An organization that operates for a charitable, educational, or scientific purpose, rather than for profit.
Financial Management: The process of planning, organizing, controlling, and monitoring financial resources to achieve organizational goals.


text: Atelier Access All Areas: Bohemian #2. It's been a busy day in the atelier.... Luke always begins making a piece of jewellery by gathering inspiration and then sketching some initial ideas. These sketches are then refined and built upon until he's happy. This can mean lots of changes from the initial sketch to the final piece. Like any designer, the process is creative and evolves everyday.. Here's a sketch from the Bohemian collection.

textbook:
Lesson: The Design Process in Jewelry Making

## Section 1: Introduction
In this lesson, we will explore the design process in jewelry making. We will learn about the steps involved in creating a piece of jewelry, from gathering inspiration to the final product. We will also discuss the importance of critical thinking and problem-solving in the design process.

## Section 2: The Design Process
The design process in jewelry making involves several steps, including:

1. Gathering Inspiration: The first step in the design process is to gather inspiration. This can come from anywhere, such as nature, art, or even everyday objects.

2. Sketching Initial Ideas: Once you have gathered inspiration, the next step is to start sketching some initial ideas. This is where you begin to visualize your design and decide what materials you will use.

3. Refining Sketches: After you have some initial ideas, you need to refine them until you are happy with the design. This may involve making changes to the shape, size, or materials used.

4. Creating a Prototype: Once you have a design that you like, the next step is to create a prototype. This is a small version of the final product that allows you to test out different materials and techniques.

5. Finalizing the Design: After creating a prototype, you may need to make more changes to the design before you are happy with it. Once you are, you can begin the process of finalizing the design.

6. Manufacturing: Once the design is finalized, the next step is to manufacture the jewelry. This involves creating molds, casting the metal, and polishing the final product.

7. Quality Control: After the jewelry is manufactured, it needs to be checked for quality control. This ensures that the final product meets the highest standards and is free of any defects.

## Section 3: Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving
Critical thinking and problem-solving are essential skills in the design process. As a designer, you need to be able to think critically about your work and make informed decisions. You also need to be able to solve problems as they arise during the design process.

For example, if you are working on a piece of jewelry that requires a specific type of stone, but the stone you have available does not meet the required specifications, you will need to use critical thinking and problem-solving skills to find an alternative solution.

## Section 4: Conclusion
In conclusion, the design process in jewelry making involves several steps, from gathering inspiration to manufacturing the final product. Critical thinking and problem-solving are essential skills that designers must possess to create high-quality jewelry. By understanding the design process and applying critical thinking and problem-solving skills, you can create beautiful and unique pieces of jewelry.


text: The Thurston County Narcotics Task Force is interested in receiving tips about possible illegal drug activity in Thurston County. To this end, we've provided the following means for people to anonymously report such activities:. To reach the Thurston County Narcotics Task Force, call (360) 786-0572. During non-business hours, you may leave a recorded message.. You may also send a message to the Task Force using this anonymous form.. Or, if you prefer, you may report the tip using Crime Stoppers.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Report Illegal Drug Activity Anonymously

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to report illegal drug activity anonymously in Thurston County. We will cover the different methods available, including calling the Narcotics Task Force, leaving a recorded message, using an anonymous form, or reporting through Crime Stoppers. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to identify the best method for reporting illegal drug activity and understand the importance of anonymity in these reports.

Section 1: Reporting Methods

Topic 1: Calling the Narcotics Task Force
- The Thurston County Narcotics Task Force can be reached at (360) 786-0572.
- This method allows you to speak directly with a member of the task force.
- You may provide information about possible illegal drug activity in Thurston County.

Topic 2: Leaving a Recorded Message
- If you call the Narcotics Task Force during non-business hours, you may leave a recorded message.
- This method also allows you to provide information about possible illegal drug activity in Thurston County.
- Your call will be returned as soon as possible by a member of the task force.

Topic 3: Using an Anonymous Form
- The Task Force has provided an anonymous form for people to report possible illegal drug activity.
- This method allows you to provide information about possible illegal drug activity without revealing your identity.
- You may access the form on the Task Force's website.

Topic 4: Reporting through Crime Stoppers
- You may also report illegal drug activity through Crime Stoppers.
- This method also allows you to remain anonymous while providing information about possible illegal drug activity.
- You may be eligible for a reward if your information leads to an arrest or conviction.

Section 2: Why Anonymity is Important

Topic 1: Safety
- Reporting illegal drug activity anonymously can help protect your safety.
- Some individuals involved in illegal drug activity may retaliate against those who report them.
- By remaining anonymous, you can avoid potential harm.

Topic 2: Evidence
- Providing information anonymously can help preserve the integrity of any evidence collected.
- If your identity is known, it may be easier for those involved in illegal drug activity to tamper with or destroy evidence.
- By remaining anonymous, you can help ensure that any evidence collected is used in court.

Section 3: Real-World Examples

Example 1: A resident in Thurston County witnesses a drug deal taking place in their neighborhood. They choose to report the activity anonymously through Crime Stoppers. Their information leads to the arrest of several individuals involved in the drug deal.

Example 2: An employee of a local business notices suspicious behavior from their coworkers. They choose to report the activity anonymously using the Task Force's anonymous form. The information provided leads to an investigation and the discovery of an illegal drug operation within the business.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the different methods available for reporting illegal drug activity anonymously in Thurston County. We also discussed the importance of anonymity in these reports, including safety and preserving evidence. By understanding the different methods and their benefits, you can make an informed decision about which method to use when reporting illegal drug activity. Remember, your information could help lead to the arrest and conviction of those involved in illegal drug activity, making our communities safer for everyone.


text: Everest, West Ridge and South Col Attempt. An international expedition led by Pole Aleksander Lwow was composed of two Poles, a German, an Australian and three Americans. They first attempted the west ridge, where on October 2 they got to 7600 meters. They then shifted their efforts to the South Col route, where they reached their high point of 6700 meters on October 15.. Elizabeth Hawley

textbook:
Lesson: Mount Everest Expedition

## Introduction
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas. It stands at 8,848 meters (29,029 feet) tall. Many people have attempted to climb Mount Everest, but only a few have been successful. In this lesson, we will learn about an expedition that attempted to climb Mount Everest from different routes.

## Section 1: The Expedition
An international expedition led by Pole Aleksander Lwow was composed of two Poles, a German, an Australian, and three Americans. They first attempted the west ridge, where on October 2 they got to 7600 meters. They then shifted their efforts to the South Col route, where they reached their high point of 6700 meters on October 15.

## Section 2: The Routes
There are several routes to climb Mount Everest, but the most popular ones are the South Col route and the West Ridge route. The South Col route is the easiest and most popular route, while the West Ridge route is more challenging and less traveled.

## Section 3: The Challenges
Climbing Mount Everest is a challenging task that requires a lot of preparation and training. The altitude, weather conditions, and physical demands of the climb can be dangerous. Climbers need to be in excellent physical condition and have the right equipment and experience to make it to the top safely.

## Section 4: The Conclusion
In conclusion, climbing Mount Everest is a challenging task that requires a lot of preparation and training. The expedition led by Pole Aleksander Lwow attempted to climb Mount Everest from two different routes, the west ridge and the South Col route. While they were successful in reaching high points on both routes, they did not reach the summit. However, their attempt shows the determination and skill required to tackle such a challenging task. By applying the skills learned from this expedition, climbers can prepare themselves for future attempts on Mount Everest and other challenging peaks.

## Glossary
- Altitude: the height of something above sea level or ground level
- Physical condition: the state of someone's body and mind, especially in relation to their health and fitness
- Equipment: tools, supplies, and machines needed for a particular activity or task
- Experience: knowledge or skill acquired by someone over a period of time
- Summit: the highest point of a mountain or hill

## Final Thoughts
Mount Everest is a challenging mountain to climb, and it requires a lot of preparation and training. By studying this expedition, we can learn about the different routes and challenges involved in climbing Mount Everest. We can also apply these skills to other challenging tasks in our lives.


text:
Hypergastric acid secretion in rats with ventromedial hypothalamic lesions.
This study was designed to investigate abnormal gastric acid secretion in ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH)-lesioned rats. Basal secretion and secretion stimulated by pentagastrin (25 micrograms/kg, IP) or histamine (2 mg/kg/h, IV) were significantly higher in VMH-lesioned rats than in sham VMH-lesioned rats. Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy and methyl atropine treatment (5 mg/kg, IV) remarkably decreased both basal (about 36-44%) and stimulated secretion (about 36-67%) in VMH-lesioned rats, but did not completely reverse it to normal. Serum insulin and glucose levels were significantly higher in VMH-lesioned rats, but serum gastrin levels were not. VMH-lesioned rats showed significantly heavier gastric dry weight; however, no difference in the mucosal layer/total layer ratio of the gastric wall and the density of the parietal cells was observed between the two groups, indicating that the total number of parietal cells might have increased in VMH-lesioned rats because the increase of gastric dry weight can be presumed to be due to increase of the gastric mucosal layer as well as total layer. These results suggest that vagal activation is one of the main contributors to hypergastric acid secretion in VMH-lesioned rats, but that other factors such as increase of parietal oxyntic cell number may also contribute.

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Gastric Acid Secretion in Rats

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
Gastric acid secretion is the process by which the stomach produces hydrochloric acid (HCl) to aid in digestion. This process is regulated by the hypothalamus, a region in the brain that controls various bodily functions. In this lesson, we will explore how ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) lesions affect gastric acid secretion in rats.

### Section 2: Practical Examples and Real-World Scenarios
To understand how VMH lesions impact gastric acid secretion, let's consider an experiment where rats are divided into two groups: those with VMH lesions and those without. The researchers then measure the amount of gastric acid secreted by each group under different conditions.

### Section 3: Questions and Answers
1. What is the purpose of gastric acid secretion?
Answer: Gastric acid secretion helps break down food and kill bacteria in the stomach.

2. How does the hypothalamus regulate gastric acid secretion?
Answer: The hypothalamus releases hormones that signal the stomach to produce HCl when needed.

3. What are VMH lesions, and how do they affect gastric acid secretion in rats?
Answer: VMH lesions are damage to the ventromedial hypothalamus, a region in the brain that controls gastric acid secretion. In rats with VMH lesions, gastric acid secretion is increased compared to rats without lesions.

### Section 4: Definitions of Purpose
1. Hypothalamus: A region in the brain that controls various bodily functions, including gastric acid secretion.

2. Ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) lesions: Damage to the ventromedial hypothalamus, a region in the brain that controls gastric acid secretion.

3. Gastric acid secretion: The process by which the stomach produces hydrochloric acid (HCl) to aid in digestion.

### Section 5: Glossary
1. Hypothalamus: A region in the brain that controls various bodily functions, including gastric acid secretion.

2. Ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) lesions: Damage to the ventromedial hypothalamus, a region in the brain that controls gastric acid secretion.

3. Gastric acid secretion: The process by which the stomach produces hydrochloric acid (HCl) to aid in digestion.

### Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned about the role of the hypothalamus in regulating gastric acid secretion and how VMH lesions can impact this process in rats. We also explored practical examples and real-world scenarios to deepen our understanding of this topic. By applying the concepts learned in this lesson, we can better understand how changes in brain function can affect the body's ability to digest food.


text: Fall in love with this Premium .202 Ac site. A very private Fenced yd w/ Native Greenbelt just for you and nature. Enjoy Southern Breezes. and wild Birds off your lovely stone patio and oversized Screen Porch w/ Surround sound. An inviting Entry greets your guests w/ a special water feature. The DeVaca Plan is Bright and Open. Exceptional Cabinets and Granite counter tops, plus a center island and Gas Cook Top. All open to the Grt room and dining area. 3 bd rms or 2 and an office. Master offers jetted tub and California closet accessory. Extended gar with coated floor for the man cave area. A limited edition site will not last long. Come See Soon. Make 300 San Saba your next address. Come Live, Laugh, and play in Beautiful Sun City.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Read and Understand Real Estate Listings

Introduction:
Real estate listings are advertisements used to sell or rent property. They contain important information that helps potential buyers or tenants make informed decisions. In this lesson, we will learn how to read and understand real estate listings by analyzing the key elements of a typical listing.

Section 1: Understanding the Basics

**Topic 1: Reading the Headline**
The headline is the first thing you see in a real estate listing. It should grab your attention and provide enough information to pique your interest. Look for details such as the location, type of property, number of bedrooms and bathrooms, and any unique features.

**Topic 2: Understanding the Address**
The address is usually listed at the top of the listing. This is important because it tells you where the property is located. You can use this information to research the neighborhood, schools, and nearby amenities.

**Topic 3: Reading the Description**
The description provides more detailed information about the property. It should include the size of the lot, the age of the home, and any upgrades or renovations that have been made. Look for keywords such as "remodeled," "updated," or "newly constructed."

**Topic 4: Understanding the Price**
The price is usually listed near the top of the listing. It's important to note whether the price is firm or negotiable. If the seller is open to negotiation, you may have more leverage in the purchasing process.

Section 2: Analyzing the Details

**Topic 5: Reading the Photos**
Photos are an important part of any real estate listing. They allow you to see the property from afar and get a sense of its style and condition. Look for details such as the layout of the rooms, the color of the walls, and any furniture or decorations.

**Topic 6: Understanding the Features**
Features are the specific details that make a property stand out. These may include hardwood floors, stainless steel appliances, or a swimming pool. Look for keywords such as "gourmet kitchen" or "spa-like master bath."

**Topic 7: Analyzing the Amenities**
Amenities are the extra features that come with a property. These may include a gym, clubhouse, or tennis court. Look for keywords such as "fitness center" or "community pool."

Section 3: Applying Critical Thinking Skills

**Topic 8: Evaluating the Location**
Location is an important factor when considering a property. Look for details such as the proximity to public transportation, schools, and shopping centers. Consider whether the property is in a safe neighborhood with low crime rates.

**Topic 9: Assessing the Value**
Value is subjective and depends on many factors. Look for details such as the square footage, age of the home, and condition of the property. Consider whether the asking price is fair based on similar properties in the area.

**Topic 10: Debating the Pros and Cons**
Pros and cons are subjective and depend on individual preferences. Consider whether the property meets your needs and wants. Look for details such as the size of the yard, the number of bedrooms and bathrooms, and the condition of the home.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, reading and understanding real estate listings requires careful analysis and critical thinking. By following the steps outlined in this lesson, you can make informed decisions and find the perfect property for your needs.

Glossary:
- Real estate listing: an advertisement used to sell or rent property
- Headline: the first thing you see in a real estate listing
- Address: the location of the property
- Description: provides more detailed information about the property
- Price: the amount being asked for the property
- Features: specific details that make a property stand out
- Amenities: extra features that come with a property
- Location: the neighborhood or area where the property is located
- Value: the worth of the property
- Pros and cons: the advantages and disadvantages of the property


text: Got a whale of a headache trying to push your way to the pinnacle of real estate? Here are 18 traits and tactics that may help right the ship (some expense required). If you recognize your wardrobe, temperament, and practices in this list, congratulations. The good times are already rolling for you! If not, better get in the game. The biggest whales are just really solid method actors in a drunk-on-status world.. ·Whale Week 2013 [Curbed Chicago]. Filed under:

textbook:
Lesson: Real Estate Investment Strategies

Introduction:
Real estate investment is a popular way to build wealth and secure your financial future. However, it requires knowledge, skills, and discipline to succeed in this competitive market. In this lesson, we will explore 18 traits and tactics that can help you become a successful real estate investor.

Section 1: Traits of Successful Real Estate Investors

1. Patience: Real estate investment is a long-term game. It requires patience and perseverance to weather the ups and downs of the market.

2. Persistence: Successful investors never give up. They keep looking for opportunities and learning from their mistakes.

3. Focus: Real estate investment requires focus and dedication. You need to stay focused on your goals and avoid distractions.

4. Creativity: Real estate investment requires creativity to find unique solutions to problems.

5. Resilience: Real estate investment is a rollercoaster ride. You need to be resilient and bounce back from setbacks.

6. Discipline: Real estate investment requires discipline to stick to your plan and avoid impulsive decisions.

7. Risk Management: Successful investors manage risk by conducting thorough due diligence and having contingency plans in place.

8. Networking: Real estate investment requires networking with other investors, agents, and professionals to find deals and build relationships.

9. Negotiation: Successful investors are skilled negotiators who can get the best deal possible for themselves and their clients.

10. Market Knowledge: Real estate investment requires knowledge of the local market, including trends, values, and regulations.

Section 2: Tactics for Successful Real Estate Investment

1. Research: Conduct thorough research before investing in a property. Analyze the property's location, condition, and potential rental income.

2. Due Diligence: Conduct due diligence to identify any potential issues with the property, such as structural or legal problems.

3. Financial Analysis: Perform a financial analysis to determine the property's potential return on investment (ROI) and cash flow.

4. Property Management: Develop a property management plan to ensure the property is well-maintained and generates consistent rental income.

5. Marketing: Develop a marketing plan to attract tenants and maximize rental income.

6. Lease Agreements: Use standard lease agreements that protect your interests and provide clear guidelines for tenants.

7. Tax Planning: Work with a tax professional to minimize your tax liability and maximize your returns.

8. Exit Strategy: Develop an exit strategy to maximize your profits when it's time to sell the property.

Conclusion:
Real estate investment requires knowledge, skills, and discipline to succeed. By developing the traits and tactics outlined in this lesson, you can become a successful real estate investor and build long-term wealth. Remember to stay patient, persistent, and focused, and always conduct thorough research and due diligence before investing in a property. With these strategies in mind, you can navigate the ups and downs of the real estate market and achieve your financial goals.

Glossary:
- Real Estate Investment: The process of buying and holding property to generate income or capital gains.
- ROI: Return on Investment, a measure of the profitability of an investment.
- Cash Flow: The income generated from a rental property after accounting for all expenses.
- Due Diligence: A thorough investigation of a property's condition, value, and potential issues.
- Exit Strategy: A plan to maximize profits when selling a property.


text: 180-gram pressing mastered from original sources. First release on vinyl; includes audio CD. "This is Bach playing of truly extraordinary quality." — Classics Today. Grammy Award winner Hilary Hahn's collection of Bach Violin Concertos reveals an artist at the top of her career — mature interpretation coupled with the spark and energy of youth. Jeffrey Kahane conducts the Los Angeles Chamber Orchestra.. Musicians:. Hilary Hahn, violin. Los Angeles Chamber Orchestra. Jeffrey Kahane, conductor

textbook:
Lesson Title: Analyzing an Album Review

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will analyze an album review to understand the different elements that make up a music review. We will focus on the language used, the structure of the review, and the critical analysis of the music. This lesson is designed for primary through high school students who are interested in learning about music reviews and how to write them.

Section 1: Language and Structure

Topic: Language and Structure
Objective: Understand the language and structure used in a music review.

The language used in a music review is important because it helps the reader understand the reviewer's opinion of the album. In this album review, the writer uses descriptive language to describe the quality of the sound and the artist's performance. They also use comparative language to compare the artist's interpretation of Bach's violin concertos to other performers. The structure of the review follows a typical format, with an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.

Questions:
1. What descriptive language does the reviewer use to describe the sound quality?
2. How does the reviewer compare the artist's interpretation of Bach's violin concertos?
3. What is the structure of the review?

Definitions:
- Descriptive language: Words that create a vivid picture or description of something.
- Comparative language: Language that compares two or more things.
- Structure: The organization of a piece of writing.

Practical Examples:
- Using descriptive language to describe the quality of the sound: "The 180-gram pressing mastered from original sources is truly exceptional, with a warm and rich sound that brings out the best in Hilary Hahn's violin playing."
- Using comparative language to compare the artist's interpretation: "Hilary Hahn's collection of Bach Violin Concertos reveals an artist at the top of her career — mature interpretation coupled with the spark and energy of youth."
- Structuring the review with an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion: "This is Bach playing of truly extraordinary quality." — Classics Today. Grammy Award winner Hilary Hahn's collection of Bach Violin Concertos reveals an artist at the top of her career — mature interpretation coupled with the spark and energy of youth. Jeffrey Kahane conducts the Los Angeles Chamber Orchestra. Musicians:. Hilary Hahn, violin. Los Angeles Chamber Orchestra. Jeffrey Kahane, conductor.

Section 2: Critical Analysis

Topic: Critical Analysis
Objective: Understand how to critically analyze a music review.

Critical analysis involves looking at a piece of writing and evaluating its strengths and weaknesses. In this album review, the reviewer praises the artist's performance and the quality of the sound, but does not mention any specific details about the interpretation of the music. This could be a weakness in the review.

Questions:
1. What are the strengths of the review?
2. What are the weaknesses of the review?
3. How could the review be improved?

Definitions:
- Critical analysis: Evaluating a piece of writing for its strengths and weaknesses.

Practical Examples:
- Strengths of the review: The reviewer praises the artist's performance and the quality of the sound.
- Weaknesses of the review: The reviewer does not mention any specific details about the interpretation of the music.
- How the review could be improved: The reviewer could provide more specific details about the interpretation of the music, such as which parts of the concertos were particularly well-executed or which interpretive choices were unique to the artist.

Section 3: Applying Skills Gained

Topic: Applying Skills Gained
Objective: Apply the skills gained from analyzing a music review to write their own reviews.

Students can use the skills they have learned from analyzing the album review to write their own music reviews. They can practice using descriptive language, comparative language, and structuring their reviews in a clear and concise manner. They can also practice critically analyzing their own work and making improvements based on feedback.

Questions:
1. How can students apply the skills they have learned from analyzing the album review to write their own music reviews?
2. What are some tips for writing a clear and concise music review?
3. How can students practice critically analyzing their own work?

Definitions:
- Applying skills: Using the skills learned in a practical way.

Practical Examples:
- Tips for writing a clear and concise music review:
    - Use descriptive language to create a vivid picture of the music.
    - Focus on specific details about the interpretation of the music.
    - Structure the review with an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.
    - Proofread the review for grammar and spelling errors.
- To practice critically analyzing their own work, students can ask themselves questions such as:
    - Is my review clear and concise?
    - Do I provide specific details about the interpretation of the music?
    - Is my review structured in a logical way?
    - Are there any grammar or spelling errors that need to be corrected?

Glossary:
- Descriptive language: Words that create a vivid picture or description of something.
- Comparative language: Language that compares two or more things.
- Structure: The organization of a piece of writing.
- Critical analysis: Evaluating a piece of writing for its strengths and weaknesses.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we have analyzed an album review to understand the different elements that make up a music review. We have focused on the language used, the structure of the review, and the critical analysis of the music. Students can apply the skills they have learned from analyzing the album review to write their own music reviews. By practicing using descriptive language, comparative language, and structuring their reviews in a clear and concise manner, students can improve their writing skills and become better critics of music.


text: Evade responsibility for meaning's total,. & this is a value & a type,. whether it is a wall or medium.. You must be delivered to reason:. what is quiet, which is enough, rather than. the actual work, is release.. First glimpse of the content is raucous, transitional.. Meaning occurs. You are correct in identifying typographical detail.. Check all sources. It will be affordable. in co-operation with comparisons,. a publication of the space. to work with important information. variations within budgetary constraints,. the purpose to integrate appropriateness,a defensive pose.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Meaning in Text
Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the concept of meaning in text. We will explore how meaning is created through words, sentences, and paragraphs, and how it can be interpreted by readers. We will also discuss the importance of critical thinking and analysis when interpreting text.
Section 1: Meaning in Text
Meaning in text refers to the message that is conveyed through the use of words, sentences, and paragraphs. It is the idea or thought that is expressed by the author through their writing. Meaning can be conveyed through various literary techniques such as imagery, symbolism, and metaphor.
Question: What is meaning in text?
Answer: Meaning in text refers to the message that is conveyed through the use of words, sentences, and paragraphs.
Definition: Meaning in text is the idea or thought that is expressed by the author through their writing.
Example: In the following sentence, "The sun sets in the west," the meaning is that the sun goes down at the end of the day.
Section 2: Interpreting Meaning in Text
Interpreting meaning in text involves analyzing and understanding the message that is being conveyed. This requires critical thinking and analysis, as well as an understanding of the context in which the text was written.
Question: How do we interpret meaning in text?
Answer: Interpreting meaning in text involves analyzing and understanding the message that is being conveyed. This requires critical thinking and analysis, as well as an understanding of the context in which the text was written.
Definition: Interpreting meaning in text involves analyzing and understanding the message that is being conveyed.
Example: In the following sentence, "The sun sets in the west," the interpreter may analyze the use of words such as "sets" and "west" to understand that the meaning is that the sun goes down at the end of the day.
Section 3: Critical Thinking and Analysis
Critical thinking and analysis are important when interpreting meaning in text. This involves questioning the author's intentions, analyzing the language used, and considering the context in which the text was written.
Question: Why is critical thinking and analysis important when interpreting meaning in text?
Answer: Critical thinking and analysis are important when interpreting meaning in text because they allow us to question the author's intentions, analyze the language used, and consider the context in which the text was written.
Definition: Critical thinking and analysis involve questioning the author's intentions, analyzing the language used, and considering the context in which the text was written.
Example: In the following sentence, "The sun sets in the west," a critical thinker may question the author's intention behind using the word "sets" and consider the context in which the text was written to understand that the meaning is that the sun goes down at the end of the day.
Conclusion:
Understanding meaning in text is an important skill that allows us to interpret and analyze the messages that are conveyed through writing. By using critical thinking and analysis, we can gain a deeper understanding of the intended meaning and apply this skill to new problems.


text: Freelance work has been kind of slow (although I haven’t really been looking for work, so…). I figured that to get some new clients, it would help if I had an updated portfolio. I started getting things together and realized that, while I know a lot of things about javascript, I don’t really have any particularly impressive recent work. So I decided to make a somewhat fancy, javascript heavy, portfolio.. Il n'y a pas encore de commentaire… Donnez le coup d'envoi en complétant le formulaire ci-dessous.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Create an Impressive Portfolio

**Introduction:**
A portfolio is a collection of your best work that showcases your skills, talents, and experiences. It is an essential tool for anyone seeking freelance work, job opportunities, or even just to showcase their personal projects. In this lesson, we will learn how to create an impressive portfolio that stands out from the competition.

**Section 1: Planning Your Portfolio**
- Define your target audience: Determine who you want to reach with your portfolio. This could be potential employers, clients, or other professionals in your field.
- Identify your strengths: Think about what makes you unique and what skills you want to highlight in your portfolio.
- Choose a format: Decide whether you want to create a physical or digital portfolio, and choose the best platform for showcasing your work.
- Organize your content: Plan the structure of your portfolio and decide which pieces you want to include. Consider organizing your work by category or chronologically.

**Section 2: Creating Your Portfolio**
- Design with your audience in mind: Use colors, fonts, and images that appeal to your target audience. Keep the design simple and clean to focus on your work.
- Highlight your strengths: Select your best work that demonstrates your skills and expertise. Use descriptions, captions, and titles to explain your process and thought behind each piece.
- Use visuals: Include images, videos, and graphics to make your portfolio visually appealing and engaging.
- Add interactive elements: Consider adding interactive features such as links to live websites, animations, or videos to showcase your work in action.

**Section 3: Polishing Your Portfolio**
- Proofread: Review your portfolio for spelling and grammar errors. Have someone else review it as well to catch any mistakes you may have missed.
- Test: Make sure your portfolio works seamlessly on different devices and browsers.
- Get feedback: Ask friends, colleagues, or mentors to review your portfolio and give you constructive feedback.
- Update regularly: Keep your portfolio up-to-date with your latest work and accomplishments.

**Conclusion:**
Creating an impressive portfolio takes time and effort, but it is a valuable investment in your career. By planning, creating, and polishing your portfolio, you can showcase your skills and experiences to potential employers or clients. Remember to keep it updated and tailored to your target audience. With an impressive portfolio, you can increase your chances of landing your dream job or freelance work.

**Glossary:**
- Target audience: The group of people you want to reach with your portfolio.
- Skills: Specific abilities or expertise that you possess.
- Platform: A website or application where you host your portfolio.
- Interactive: Elements that allow the user to interact with the content.

**Self-Debating Discussion:**
- What are some ways to make your portfolio stand out from others?
- How often should you update your portfolio?
- What are some common mistakes to avoid when creating a portfolio?


text: Like if it showed as much informaiton as the command w(1). This gives the actual screen window number and the currently running process. So not just `bash' or `zsh' which was started when the screen was created but the actual process running on top of that shell. Not only the process like `vim' but also the arguments to vim when it was invoked. Having this information in the windowlist would make screen many times more practical to use. I would like to know if anyone has done some work on this before I spend time on creating my own solution. Thanks a lot. Eric Smith

textbook:
Title: Using Screen for Efficient Terminal Management

## Chapter 1: Introduction
Screen is a powerful tool for managing multiple terminal sessions. It allows users to detach from a terminal session and reattach later, without losing any data. This makes it ideal for system administrators who need to manage multiple servers or developers who work on multiple projects simultaneously. In this lesson, we will learn how to use screen to manage terminal sessions efficiently.

## Chapter 2: Understanding Screen Sessions
A screen session is a virtual terminal that runs within a screen process. When you start a screen session, you are given a unique identifier called a "session ID." This ID is used to identify the session when you detach from it. When you reattach to a session, you can use the session ID to identify which session to reattach to.

## Chapter 3: Creating Screen Sessions
To create a screen session, you can use the "screen" command. You can create multiple sessions at once by specifying multiple session IDs. For example:

```
$ screen -S session1 -S session2 -S session3
```

## Chapter 4: Attaching to Screen Sessions
To attach to a screen session, you can use the "screen" command with the "-r" option. You can also specify the session ID to attach to a specific session. For example:

```
$ screen -r session1
```

## Chapter 5: Detaching from Screen Sessions
To detach from a screen session, you can use the "Ctrl + A" and "D" keys. This will detach you from the current session and allow you to reattach later.

## Chapter 6: Managing Screen Sessions
You can manage screen sessions using the "screen" command. You can list all active sessions with the "-l" option. You can also kill a session with the "-K" option. For example:

```
$ screen -l
```

```
$ screen -K session1
```

## Chapter 7: Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned how to use screen to manage terminal sessions efficiently. We covered creating, attaching to, and detaching from screen sessions, as well as managing multiple sessions. With these skills, you can improve your productivity and manage multiple projects or servers simultaneously.


text: Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge SuiteASHSEA311/WASIV. This elegant Seashell lounge suite offers traditional style with modern comfort. Suite consists of 3 seater sofa and two armchairs.. Rest Assured. Kick back and relax with a 5 years structural warranty and 10 years warranty on seat foam.. Colour & Decor. Match your lounge room decor with a choice of a great range of fabrics and colours.. You Choose. Complete your lounge room with an optional 3 seater sofa, 2 seater sofa, armchair or ottoman.. Accessories shown are not included.. >

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge Suite

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

**Topic:** Introduction to Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge Suite

**Main Topic:** Understanding the features and benefits of a Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge Suite

**Sub-Topic:** Evaluating the quality and durability of the lounge suite

**Purpose:** To provide an overview of the Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge Suite and its key features.

**Theoretical Concepts:**
- Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge Suite
- Traditional style with modern comfort
- 5 years structural warranty and 10 years warranty on seat foam
- Optional accessories

## Section 2: Practical Examples and Real-World Scenarios

**Topic:** Introduction to Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge Suite

**Main Topic:** Evaluating the quality and durability of the lounge suite

**Sub-Topic:** Comparing the Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge Suite with other lounge suites in the market

**Purpose:** To help students understand the quality and durability of the Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge Suite and compare it with other lounge suites in the market.

**Theoretical Concepts:**
- Quality and durability of a lounge suite
- Comparison with other lounge suites in the market
- Factors to consider when purchasing a lounge suite

## Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

**Topic:** Introduction to Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge Suite

**Main Topic:** Evaluating the pros and cons of the Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge Suite

**Sub-Topic:** Determining the best option for purchasing a lounge suite

**Purpose:** To encourage students to think critically about the Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge Suite and its features.

**Theoretical Concepts:**
- Pros and cons of a product
- Factors to consider when purchasing a product
- Critical thinking skills

## Glossary

| Term | Definition |
|------|------------|
| Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge Suite | A lounge suite consisting of a 3 seater sofa and two armchairs, made of fabric and featuring traditional style with modern comfort. |
| Structural warranty | A guarantee that covers the structural integrity of a product for a certain period of time. |
| Seat foam | The foam used in the cushions of a lounge suite. |
| Optional accessories | Additional items that can be purchased to complement a product, such as pillows or throws. |
| Lounge suite | A set of furniture pieces designed for relaxation, typically including a sofa and one or more chairs. |
| Quality | The standard of something, especially in terms of its ability to last or perform well. |
| Durability | The ability of a product to withstand wear, damage, or decay. |
| Comparison | The act of comparing two or more things in order to determine their similarities and differences. |
| Factors | Elements or circumstances that contribute to a decision or outcome. |
| Purchasing | The act of buying a product or service. |
| Critical thinking | The process of actively and objectively analyzing information in order to make a decision or solve a problem. |

## Conclusion

In conclusion, the Seashell 3 Piece Fabric Lounge Suite is a high-quality and durable product that offers traditional style with modern comfort. By evaluating its features and comparing it with other lounge suites in the market, students can make an informed decision about whether it is the right choice for their needs. Additionally, by considering factors such as quality, durability, and cost, students can determine the best option for purchasing a lounge suite. By applying these concepts, students can develop critical thinking skills and make informed decisions about purchasing products in the future.


text:
Antimicrobial constituents from the stem bark of Feronia limonia.
The stem bark of Feronia limonia (Fam. Rutaceae) yielded (-)-(2S)-5,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-6",6"-dimethylchromeno-(7,8,2",3")-flavanone along with several known compounds including an alkaloid, five coumarins, a flavanone, a lignan, three sterols and a triterpene. The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1D and 2D NMR. The antimicrobial screening of compounds by a microdilution technique resulted in MICs in the range 25-100 microg/ml. Other biological activities of the known compounds are also discussed.

textbook:
Lesson Title: Extraction of Antimicrobial Constituents from Plants

Introduction:
Plants are a rich source of natural products that can be used to treat various diseases and illnesses. In this lesson, we will learn about the extraction of antimicrobial constituents from the stem bark of Feronia limonia.

Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is the process of extracting antimicrobial constituents from plants and their potential applications in medicine.

Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

1.1 What are antimicrobial agents?
Antimicrobial agents are substances that can kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

1.2 What is plant-based medicine?
Plant-based medicine refers to the use of plants or their extracts to treat diseases and illnesses.

1.3 What is Feronia limonia?
Feronia limonia is a tree belonging to the Rutaceae family, which is commonly found in Southeast Asia.

Section 2: Practical Examples

2.1 How are antimicrobial constituents extracted from plants?
Antimicrobial constituents can be extracted from plants using various methods such as solvent extraction, steam distillation, and cold pressing.

2.2 What are some examples of antimicrobial agents found in Feronia limonia?
Some examples of antimicrobial agents found in Feronia limonia are (-)-(2S)-5,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-6",6"-dimethylchromeno-(7,8,2",3")-flavanone and an alkaloid.

Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

3.1 How can antimicrobial agents be used in medicine?
Antimicrobial agents can be used in medicine to treat infections caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses. For example, antibiotics are commonly used to treat bacterial infections.

3.2 How can plant-based medicine be used to treat diseases?
Plant-based medicine can be used to treat diseases by extracting the beneficial compounds and using them in medicines. For example, the antimicrobial agents found in Feronia limonia can be used to treat infections caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

Glossary:
- Antimicrobial agents: Substances that can kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
- Plant-based medicine: The use of plants or their extracts to treat diseases and illnesses.
- Feronia limonia: A tree belonging to the Rutaceae family, commonly found in Southeast Asia.
- Solvent extraction: A method of separating and purifying chemical compounds from a mixture using a solvent.
- Steam distillation: A method of extracting essential oils from plants by heating them with steam.
- Cold pressing: A method of extracting oil from plants by applying pressure to the plant material.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the extraction of antimicrobial constituents from the stem bark of Feronia limonia and their potential applications in medicine. We also learned about the process of extracting antimicrobial agents from plants and the various methods used to do so. By understanding the importance of plant-based medicine, we can appreciate the value of studying and utilizing natural resources to develop new treatments for diseases and illnesses.


text: This established national Public Affairs agency is looking for an enthusiastic Account Executive. As the agency specializes in property, candidates are required to have an understanding of the sector including an understanding of the way local government works in terms of lobbying and planning. To be considered you are required to have either public affairs or PR experience.. Your role will include working on property related accounts which involve lobbying local government, public affairs, community relations and being knowledgeable on all things property. This is a great opportunity for someone looking to break into the Manchester city centre PR agency.

textbook:
**Lesson: Understanding Public Affairs and PR Experience**

**Introduction**

Public affairs and PR are two important fields in the world of communication. Public affairs refer to the practice of influencing public policy through education and advocacy. It involves working with government officials, media, and other stakeholders to shape public opinion and policy. On the other hand, PR stands for public relations, which is the practice of managing the image and reputation of an organization or individual.

In this lesson, we will explore the concept of public affairs and PR experience, and how they relate to each other. We will also discuss the skills and knowledge required to succeed in these fields.

**Main Topics**

1. What is Public Affairs?
2. What is PR Experience?
3. How do Public Affairs and PR Relate?
4. Skills Required for Public Affairs and PR
5. Practical Examples
6. Conclusion

**Section 1: What is Public Affairs?**

Public affairs is the process of influencing public policy through education and advocacy. It involves working with government officials, media, and other stakeholders to shape public opinion and policy. Public affairs professionals use various strategies to achieve their goals, such as lobbying, media relations, community outreach, and grassroots organizing.

**Section 2: What is PR Experience?**

PR experience refers to the practice of managing the image and reputation of an organization or individual. It involves creating and maintaining a positive image and reputation through various communication channels, such as social media, press releases, and events. PR professionals use various strategies to achieve their goals, such as crisis management, media relations, and social media management.

**Section 3: How do Public Affairs and PR Relate?**

Public affairs and PR are closely related fields, as both involve communication and influence. Public affairs professionals often use PR strategies to achieve their goals, such as lobbying government officials and working with the media. Similarly, PR professionals may use public affairs strategies to create a positive image and reputation, such as working with community organizations and government officials.

**Section 4: Skills Required for Public Affairs and PR**

To succeed in public affairs and PR, individuals need several skills, including:

1. Communication skills: The ability to communicate effectively with diverse audiences is crucial in both fields.
2. Research skills: Public affairs and PR professionals must be able to research and analyze information to develop effective strategies.
3. Writing skills: Strong writing skills are necessary to create compelling messages and materials.
4. Critical thinking skills: The ability to think critically and analyze information is essential for developing effective strategies.
5. Networking skills: Networking is crucial for building relationships with key stakeholders in both fields.

**Section 5: Practical Examples**

Let's consider a few practical examples to illustrate the relationship between public affairs and PR:

1. A public affairs campaign to promote a new housing development may involve working with local government officials, community organizations, and media outlets to shape public opinion and policy.
2. A PR campaign for a new restaurant may involve creating a positive image and reputation through social media, press releases, and events.

**Glossary**

- Public Affairs: The practice of influencing public policy through education and advocacy.
- PR Experience: The practice of managing the image and reputation of an organization or individual.
- Lobbying: The process of influencing government officials to support a particular position or policy.
- Media Relations: The practice of building relationships with media outlets to promote a positive image and reputation.
- Community Outreach: The process of engaging with community organizations to build relationships and support.
- Grassroots Organizing: The process of mobilizing individuals and communities to support a particular position or policy.

**Conclusion**

In conclusion, public affairs and PR are closely related fields that involve communication and influence. By understanding the skills and knowledge required for success in these fields, individuals can apply their skills to new problems and challenges. Whether you are interested in working in government, non-profit organizations, or corporations, understanding public affairs and PR experience is essential for success in today's communication landscape.


text: Shannon Eastin will become the first female to officiate an NFL game when she works as a line judge for the Green Bay at San Diego preseason match Thursday night.. The regular NFL officials have been locked out by the league.. Eastin is a college referee who has worked in the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (FCS division). She is one of the replacement officials hired by the NFL and has 16 years of experience.. A resident of Tempe, Ariz., Eastin also has won six national judo championships. She was the youngest judo athlete ever to train at the U.S. Olympic Training Center, doing so when she was 11.. The officiating team for the Hall of Fame game Sunday night included officials who have worked college games and some professional games, such as in the Arena Football League.. Follow NBC7 for the latest news, weather, and events:iPad App | iPhone App | Android App | Facebook| Twitter | Google+ | Instagram | RSS | Text Alerts | Email Alerts

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Sports Officiating

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

In sports, officiating refers to the process of maintaining fair play and enforcing the rules of a game. Officiating is crucial to ensure that the game is played safely and fairly, and that the players adhere to the established guidelines. In this lesson, we will explore the role of sports officials and the importance of their duties.

### Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's consider a hypothetical scenario where a player commits a foul in basketball. The official must quickly identify the infraction, such as traveling or charging, and call a appropriate penalty, such as a jump ball or free throws. The official must also ensure that the opposing team does not take advantage of the situation, such as by stealing the ball or committing their own foul.

### Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

In the NFL, officials are responsible for monitoring player conduct and ensuring that no player engages in dangerous or unsportsmanlike behavior. For example, if a player initiates a fight or uses excessive force against an opponent, the official must penalize the player and eject them from the game if necessary.

### Glossary

- Official: A person responsible for enforcing the rules of a sporting event.
- Infraction: A violation of the rules of a game.
- Penalty: A punishment imposed on a player or team for breaking the rules.
- Jump ball: A method of restarting the game after a tie-up between two players.
- Free throws: A type of penalty shot awarded to a player who was fouled during a normal shot attempt.
- Unsportsmanlike conduct: Behavior that is considered unfair or ungentlemanly.
- Eject: Remove a player from the game due to misconduct.

### Conclusion

Sports officiating is a crucial component of any game, as it helps to maintain fair play and ensure that all players adhere to the established guidelines. By understanding the role of officials and the importance of their duties, we can appreciate the challenges that they face and the skills required to perform their jobs effectively.


text:
Matching the liberal advocacy carried out every day in the pages of the Times, the New York Times Co. handed over a $5,000 grant toan abortion group, Planned Parenthood of New York City, for "educational outreach in schools and the community," the second of two installments.

The company also donated $5,000 to the liberal Committee of Concerned Journalists (sample leftism here) and $7,500 to the left-wing environmental group National Resources Defense Council.

In addition, the Times Co. runs journalistic institutes every year, described as "immersion courses on subjects at the cutting edge of the news." In 2008 the Times co-sponsored one such institute, "Billionaires, and Their Legacy," with the left-wing Century Foundation. The description of the institute, besides giving off a decidedly left-wing vibe, just happened to pick two Republicans as examples of the "activism of super-rich individuals on politics."

This Institute at New York City's Century Foundation will explore the impact of the growing number and activism of super-rich individuals on politics (Mike Bloomberg, Mitt Romney), economics (hedge funds and capital markets, consumer goods, lifestyles, inequality), philanthropy (Bill Gates, Warren Buffet, Ted Turner) and social psychology (ambitions, resentments, morale).

Federal employees and military personnel can donate to the Media Research Center through the Combined Federal Campaign or CFC. To donate to the MRC, use CFC #12489. Visit the CFC website for more information about giving opportunities in your workplace.

textbook:
**Lesson:** How to Read News Stories Critically

**Introduction:** Reading news stories critically is an essential skill for anyone who wants to be informed about current events. This lesson will teach you how to read news stories critically by analyzing the language, tone, and sources used in the story.

**Section 1: Analyzing the Language**

- Look for loaded language: Words or phrases that have a negative or positive connotation can influence your perception of the story. For example, the use of words like "conservative" or "liberal" can signal the author's political leanings.
- Watch for ambiguity: Ambiguous language can make it difficult to understand the author's point of view. Look for clear and concise language that expresses the author's ideas clearly.
- Identify the main idea: The main idea of the story should be clear and easy to understand. If you're confused about the main idea, re-read the story or look for a summary.

**Section 2: Analyzing the Tone**

- Determine the author's tone: The tone of the story can tell you how the author feels about the topic. For example, a story about a political issue might have a sarcastic or cynical tone if the author disagrees with the issue.
- Consider the source: The source of the story can also affect its tone. For example, a story written by a journalist who is known for being critical of a particular politician may have a negative tone.
- Evaluate the credibility of the source: Before trusting the information in a story, you need to evaluate the credibility of the source. Look for reliable sources that are known for their accuracy and impartiality.

**Section 3: Analyzing the Sources**

- Check the reliability of the sources: The sources used in a story can affect its credibility. Look for sources that are reliable and impartial, such as government reports or academic studies.
- Evaluate the evidence: The evidence used in a story should be clear and convincing. Look for evidence that is supported by facts and data, rather than opinions or anecdotes.
- Consider alternative perspectives: To get a balanced view of the story, consider alternative perspectives. Look for stories that present different views on the topic or seek out opinions from experts in the field.

**Conclusion:** By analyzing the language, tone, and sources used in news stories, you can develop a more critical understanding of current events. This skill will help you make informed decisions about the issues that matter to you.


text:
Let's say a colony would produce a bunch of cotton. You (as a typical colonist) might want to spin that into cloth then make your own clothing. If you're good at it, you might want to make some clothes for your neighbors, and eventually open up a shop selling your wares. However, a legal monopoly decree was in effect saying you couldn't - only this fellow down the street, who happened to be the Governor's cousin, was allowed to make and sell clothing locally. The punishment for violating such monopolies tended to be severe and harsh.

So, the only thing you could do is send the Cotton to Europe, via the King's agent - the Colonial Governor. That agent would ship the cotton to Europe, where it would be made into clothing, then be shipped back and sold. So, you may want to shop local, but in the colonies often your only choice was to buy imported goods. Goods from which the Governor, the King, a Shipping Company, and Manufacturers back in Europe all took a cut. Such an export-only economy ends up with a lot of inflation, and a good bit of instability.

Despite these monopolies, the Charter system failed to turn the quick profits that had been expected at the start of the era. As a result, many of the companies sold their charters to the settlements, resulting in differing amounts of freedom and financial solvency in different colonies. Given that context, the Boston Tea Party and similar protests aren't surprising. (Though, admittedly, it had a lot to do with taxation as well.) Over time, as more of the monopolies were broken up, the colonies became more and more independent. On the other side of the coin, the powers of Europe felt they'd already given up quite a bit in the colonies, and weren't ready to say goodbye to taxes as well. This lead to a series of revolutions - of which the American Revolution was but one.

Game and Story Use

An interesting backdrop / bit of flavor for adventurers who Wander the Earth in the right time periods - differing colonies, even if adjacent, might have wildly divergent economics, prices, and financial laws. Temporary shortages (as well as monopolies) can lead to big price spikes. Shipping and trading aren't nearly as much fun as adventuring, but there may be opportunities for PCs to make money with a ship or caravan (and the adventure can come from pirates or ambushes).

This can very easily be recycled in space.

Properly managed, this sort of system could have been instrumental in preventing the colonies growing the sort of industrial base they needed to become independant … managed for maximum short term profit, it instead served only to promote the cause of independance.

textbook:
Lesson: The History of Trade and Monopolies in the Colonies

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the history of trade and monopolies in the colonies. We will explore how trade worked in the colonies, the role of monopolies in the economy, and how these practices impacted the lives of ordinary people.

Section 1: The History of Trade in the Colonies

The colonies were founded as places where people could trade and make a living. In the early days, trade was done by bartering, where people exchanged goods for other goods. As the colonies grew, people began to use money to buy and sell goods.

Trade in the colonies was mostly done with Europe. People would grow crops and raise livestock, then sell them to European merchants who would bring the goods back to Europe. The colonies also traded with Africa and Asia, but this was not as common.

Section 2: Monopolies in the Colonies

Monopolies are when one person or company has control over a market and can set prices and rules as they see fit. In the colonies, there were many monopolies that affected people's lives. One example was the British East India Company, which had a monopoly on the tea trade in the colonies. This meant that the company could set the price of tea and no one else could sell it.

Another example was the Sugar Act of 1764, which put a tax on sugar imported into the colonies. This hurt small businesses that sold sugar, as they had to pay more for their supplies. It also helped the big sugar companies, who could afford to pay the tax.

Section 3: The Impact of Trade and Monopolies on Ordinary People

Trade and monopolies had a big impact on the lives of ordinary people in the colonies. For example, the Sugar Act made it harder for small businesses to compete, which meant that people had fewer choices when they shopped. It also meant that people had to pay more for things like sugar, which made it harder for them to make ends meet.

Monopolies also meant that people had less control over their lives. For example, if there was only one company that made cloth, people had to buy from that company, even if it was expensive or the quality was poor.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the history of trade and monopolies in the colonies. We saw how trade was done in the early days and how it changed over time. We also learned about the impact of monopolies on ordinary people and how they affected the economy. By understanding these historical events, we can better understand how trade and monopolies work today and how they impact our lives.

Glossary:
- Barter: The exchange of goods for other goods without using money.
- Monopoly: A situation where one person or company has control over a market and can set prices and rules as they see fit.
- Colonies: Areas of land settled by people from Europe.


text:
Q:

Alternative or succesor to GDBM

We a have a GDBM key-value database as the backend to a load-balanced web-facing application that is in implemented in C++. The data served by the application has grown very large, so our admins have moved the GDBM files from "local" storage (on the webservers, or very close by) to a large, shared, remote, NFS-mounted filesystem.
This has affected performance. Our performance tests (in a test environment) show page load times jumping from hundreds of milliseconds (for local disk) to several seconds (over NFS, local network), and sometimes getting as high as 30 seconds. I believe a large part of the problem is that the application makes lots of random reads from the GDBM files, and that these are slow over NFS, and this will be even worse in production (where the front-end and back-end have even more network hardware between them) and as our database gets even bigger.
While this is not a critical application, I would like to improve performance, and have some resources available, including the application developer time and Unix admins. My main constraint is time only have the resources for a few weeks.
As I see it, my options are:

Improve NFS performance by tuning parameters.  My instinct is we wont get much out of this, but I have been wrong before, and I don't really know very much about NFS tuning.
Move to a different key-value database, such as memcachedb or Tokyo Cabinet.
Replace NFS with some other protocol (iSCSI has been mentioned, but i am not familiar with it).

How should I approach this problem?

A:

Don't get too hung up on the “relational versus non-relational” comparison. It appears to be irrelevant for this issue.
The line your application has crossed is a different one: from a small database on local fast file storage, to a large database  accessed over the network. Crossing that line means you are now better served by a dedicated, network serviced, database management system. Whether the management server manages relational databases isn't relevant for that aspect.
For getting it up and running quickly, MariaDB (the successor to MySQL) is probably your best bet. If you foresee it growing much beyond where it is now, you might as well put it in PostgreSQL since that's where it will need to go eventually anyway :-)

textbook:
Lesson: Alternative or successor to GDBM

Introduction:

In this lesson, we will explore alternative or successor to GDBM, a key-value database used in a load-balanced web-facing application implemented in C++. We will discuss the reasons why the application's performance has been affected and what options are available to improve its speed.

Section 1: Understanding the Problem

The first step in solving a problem is understanding its root cause. In this case, the problem is the slow performance of the application due to the use of GDBM over NFS. We will look at the reasons behind this issue and discuss possible solutions.

Question: Why does the application make lots of random reads from the GDBM files?
Answer: The application makes lots of random reads from the GDBM files because it needs to access the data stored in the database quickly and efficiently. This is a common practice in many applications, especially when dealing with large amounts of data.

Question: Why is the application slow over NFS?
Answer: The application is slow over NFS because it is accessing the data stored on a remote, shared, and large filesystem. NFS is designed to provide file access over a network, but it can be slow when dealing with large files or when there are many files. This is because NFS clients must constantly update their cache to ensure consistency, which can be time-consuming and resource-intensive.

Section 2: Exploring Alternatives and Successors

Now that we understand the problem, we can explore alternatives and successors to GDBM that may provide better performance over NFS.

Option 1: Redis
Redis is an open-source, in-memory data structure store that can be used as a database, cache, and message broker. It is designed to be fast and efficient, making it a good alternative to GDBM. Redis can be used to store data in memory, which eliminates the need for disk I/O, making it faster than GDBM. Additionally, Redis can be configured to use a local disk cache, which can help improve performance over NFS.

Option 2: LevelDB
LevelDB is a fast, embedded, and key-value store that is designed to provide high performance on modern hardware. It is written in C++ and can be used in a variety of environments, including C++ applications. LevelDB is optimized for speed and can be used to store data in memory or on disk, making it a good alternative to GDBM.

Option 3: RocksDB
RocksDB is a fast, embeddable, and key-value store that is designed to provide high performance on modern hardware. It is written in C++ and can be used in a variety of environments, including C++ applications. RocksDB is optimized for speed and can be used to store data in memory or on disk, making it a good alternative to GDBM.

Section 3: Conclusion and Future Work

In this lesson, we explored alternatives and successors to GDBM, including Redis, LevelDB, and RocksDB. While each of these options has its own advantages and disadvantages, they all provide better performance over NFS than GDBM. In future work, we will evaluate each option and choose the one that best meets our needs. We will also implement and test the chosen option to ensure that it provides the desired performance improvements.


text: Volkswagen Cars in Europe Affected by Tainted Software. Auto maker tells German government some European-sold diesel passenger cars have same code. BERLIN—Volkswagen AG told the German government that some of its European-sold diesel-powered cars are affected by the same software that helped some of its vehicles evade emissions-testing standards in the U.S.. Volkswagen said earlier this week that the software was installed on as many as 11 million cars world-wide, and it had been expected that cars sold in its home market in Western Europe also would contain the software. But Thursday’s disclosure underscores the logistical challenges faced by Volkswagen, as well as

textbook:
Lesson: Emissions Scandals and Their Impact on the Automotive Industry

**Introduction:** Emissions scandals have rocked the automotive industry in recent years, with one of the most notable being the Volkswagen (VW) diesel emission scandal. In this lesson, we will explore the VW emissions scandal and its impact on the automotive industry.

**Section 1: The VW Emissions Scandal**

In 2015, Volkswagen was caught using software that allowed its diesel-powered vehicles to cheat emissions tests in the United States. The software detected when the car was undergoing an emissions test and adjusted the engine to reduce pollution levels. However, when the car was not being tested, the software reverted to a more powerful mode, resulting in higher emissions levels.

The scandal resulted in a massive recall of affected vehicles, costly fines, and damage to the company's reputation. It also sparked investigations into other automakers, leading to similar scandals in the industry.

**Section 2: Impact on the Automotive Industry**

The VW emissions scandal had a significant impact on the automotive industry. It damaged consumer trust in automakers and led to increased scrutiny of emissions testing procedures. Governments around the world tightened emissions standards, making it more difficult for automakers to produce vehicles that meet those standards.

Additionally, the scandal led to a decline in sales for Volkswagen, particularly in the United States. The company's reputation was severely damaged, and it faced significant financial penalties. Other automakers also saw their stock prices drop as investors became wary of the industry as a whole.

**Section 3: Critical Thinking Questions**

1. How might the VW emissions scandal have been prevented?
2. What can automakers do to regain consumer trust after a scandal like this?
3. How might stricter emissions standards affect the automotive industry?

**Glossary:**
- Emissions: The release of pollutants or greenhouse gases into the environment.
- Emissions scandal: A situation where a company is caught breaking emissions laws.
- Recall: When a product is taken back by the manufacturer due to safety issues.
- Penalties: A punishment imposed by law for a wrongdoing.

**Conclusion:** The VW emissions scandal had a significant impact on the automotive industry, damaging consumer trust and leading to increased scrutiny of emissions testing procedures. As a result, governments around the world tightened emissions standards, making it more difficult for automakers to produce vehicles that meet those standards. This lesson has provided an overview of the VW emissions scandal and its impact on the automotive industry, as well as critical thinking questions to encourage students to think about the broader implications of such scandals. By understanding the consequences of emissions scandals, students can apply these skills to other areas of study and develop a deeper understanding of the importance of environmental responsibility in all industries.


text: Menus. Our menus offer a mix of traditional and contemporary dishes – something for everyone.. We pride ourselves on using carefully selected, locally sourced fresh produce, including prime cuts of Cotswold meat and fresh fish from Brixham Market – together with an extensive Wine List from around the world at a competitive price.. All of our famous hot and cold desserts are home-made by Sean, on the premises.. Dinner Menu Sunday Lunch Menu Midweek Lunch Menu Drinks List. Special Menus. Summer Lunch MenuSummer Lunch Menu. We offer special menus throughout the year, for occasions such as Valentine’s Day, Mother’s Day and Christmas.. Functions. For private functions, a menu can be tailor-made to suit taste, budget and occasion. Visit our Private Functions page for more information:

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Menus

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
A menu is a list of food and drink items that are available for purchase at a restaurant or event. Menus can vary in style, format, and content depending on the establishment or occasion. In this lesson, we will explore the different types of menus and their purposes.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
Let's imagine you are planning a dinner party for your friends. You want to create a memorable experience for them, so you decide to make a homemade pasta dish as the main course. You visit a local market to find fresh ingredients and create a menu that includes appetizers, a salad, and a dessert. You also choose a selection of wines to complement the meal.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
Now let's say you are the manager of a restaurant that offers a variety of cuisines. You want to create a menu that caters to different dietary restrictions and preferences. You decide to offer a vegetarian option, a gluten-free option, and a selection of seafood dishes. You also choose a variety of sides and drinks to accompany the main courses.

## Glossary
- Menu: A list of food and drink items available for purchase at a restaurant or event.
- Appetizer: A small dish served before the main course to stimulate the appetite.
- Salad: A dish consisting of mixed greens, vegetables, and dressing.
- Dessert: A sweet dish served after the main course.
- Wine: An alcoholic beverage made from fermented grapes.

## Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned about the different types of menus and their purposes. We also explored practical examples and real-world scenarios related to creating menus. By understanding the different aspects of menus, we can apply these skills to create memorable dining experiences for ourselves and others.


text: Our mission is to give You the best fit.. Concept and business plan team may be incomplete.. Idea is formed project ready to launch.. Have paying customers adapting to market.. Growing company and users!. We're a passionate team dedicated to health and fitness that are building products that help transform people's lives. While health can be serious business, we feel it doesn't have to be. We believe you're more likely to reach your goals if you're encouraged to have fun, smile, and feel empowered along the way.. Our Mission is to empower and inspire you to live a healthier, more active life. We design products and experiences that fit seamlessly into your life so you can achieve your health and fitness goals, whatever they may be.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Create a Business Plan

## Introduction

A business plan is a document that outlines the goals and objectives of a business. It is a roadmap that guides the business towards success. In this lesson, we will learn how to create a business plan, including the key components that should be included in the plan.

## Section 1: Understanding the Purpose of a Business Plan

The purpose of a business plan is to provide a clear and concise overview of the business idea, its goals, and how it intends to achieve them. A well-written business plan can help attract investors, secure loans, and guide the business towards success.

## Section 2: Key Components of a Business Plan

A business plan typically includes the following key components:

1. Executive Summary: A brief overview of the business idea, its goals, and how it intends to achieve them.
2. Company Description: A detailed description of the company, including its mission, vision, and values.
3. Market Analysis: An analysis of the target market, including customer needs, competitors, and industry trends.
4. Product or Service Description: A detailed description of the product or service being offered.
5. Marketing and Sales Strategy: An outline of the marketing and sales strategies being used to promote the product or service.
6. Operations Plan: A plan outlining how the business will operate, including its management team, facilities, and equipment.
7. Financial Projections: An overview of the financial projections for the business, including revenue, expenses, and profitability.

## Section 3: Creating a Business Plan

1. Start with an executive summary that outlines the key points of your business plan.
2. Describe your company in detail, including its mission, vision, and values.
3. Conduct a thorough market analysis to understand your target market, competitors, and industry trends.
4. Describe your product or service in detail, including its features, benefits, and unique selling points.
5. Outline your marketing and sales strategy, including how you plan to reach your target audience and convert them into customers.
6. Develop an operations plan that outlines how your business will operate, including your management team, facilities, and equipment.
7. Create financial projections that include revenue, expenses, and profitability.

## Conclusion

Creating a business plan is an essential step towards starting a successful business. By following the key components outlined in this lesson, you can create a comprehensive and compelling business plan that will help guide your business towards success.