text:
IWD 2018: Rebecca Masterton, NCWQ Bursary Recipient

IWD 2018: Rebecca Masterton, NCWQ Bursary Recipient

To mark 2018 International Women’s Day, NCWQ is profiling an impressive women each day in the lead up to the 8th March. These featured young women are past NCWQ Bursary Recipients, and have demonstrated incredible leadership, success, community service, intelligence and commitment to their personal and professional passions. In today’s feature, past bursary recipient Rebecca Masterton shares her thoughts.

To learn more about the bursary program, keep an eye on our website in the coming month or two.

What were the benefits to you in being a 2017 NCWQ bursary recipient?

Well, firstly and foremost it gave me the opportunity to meet and network with other amazing women through NCWQ and the Soroptimists which I have now become a member of. My bursary also gave me peace of mind knowing I could pay some bills and take my son on a little holiday, a luxury we couldn’t afford in the past. I want to be a good role model for my son and by showing him what you can achieve and also win from hard work and dedication was the best example of success at the time for me to show him.

What are your goals for this year?

My goals for 2018 are to continue being an active volunteer within my community; in particular with my Soroptimist work, to continue passing my subjects at university (so far 0 fail rate), and continue improving mine and my family’s health & well-being.

My sister and I are also fighting for law reform, and if successful will positively change the lives of women going through international family law cases.

Griffith University News wrote an article about my sister and I and our crusade to help victims and survivors of domestic violence:

I am grateful and blessed every day for good health, a happy heart and the love and support of amazing family and friends.

Who have been your most significant woman role models?

My role models are my best friend and big sister Gina, after overcoming bullying at high school and dealing with health issues more recently, she has become a Lawyer, has been employed in some of the busiest law firms in the world in Las Angeles, and is on her way to receiving her PHD in the Law.

And my mother Christina, who began as a young mother of 17 and without much help, raised 5 children while dad worked long hours. She had 5 kids under 8 and gave us all the love, support and kindness that 5 children could ever need and continues to do so.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Algebra

Algebra is a branch of mathematics that deals with the manipulation and substitution of symbols or letters representing numbers or other values. It is used to solve equations, which are statements that two expressions are equal, and inequalities, which are statements that two expressions are not equal. Algebra is essential for many fields, including science, engineering, finance, and computer programming.

Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

1.1 What is algebra?
Algebra is a systematic way of solving mathematical problems using variables, constants, and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It is used to represent real-world situations and to find solutions to problems that involve unknown quantities.

1.2 Types of equations
There are different types of equations in algebra, including linear equations, quadratic equations, polynomial equations, and exponential equations. Linear equations involve only one variable and can be solved using the same method. Quadratic equations involve two variables and require a different approach. Polynomial equations involve multiple variables and can be solved using factorization. Exponential equations involve exponents and require a different approach.

1.3 Solving equations
To solve an equation, you need to isolate the variable on one side of the equation and the constant on the other side. You can do this by using inverse operations, such as subtracting or dividing, to get rid of the constant. Then, you can use the same operation to get the variable by itself. For example, if you have the equation 2x + 5 = 10, you can subtract 5 from both sides to get 2x = 5. Then, you can divide both sides by 2 to get x = 2.5.

Section 2: Practical Examples

2.1 Balancing chemical equations
In chemistry, you often need to balance chemical equations to make sure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. This involves adding coefficients to the variables to make them equal. For example, the unbalanced equation for the combustion of propane (C3H8) is: C3H8 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O. To balance this equation, you can add coefficients to the variables until they are equal: C3H8 + 5O2 -> 3CO2 + 4H2O.

2.2 Calculating area and perimeter
In geometry, you often need to calculate the area and perimeter of shapes such as circles, squares, and triangles. To calculate the area of a circle, you use the formula A = πr^2, where A is the area and r is the radius of the circle. To calculate the perimeter of a square, you use the formula P = 4s, where P is the perimeter and s is the length of one side of the square.

Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

3.1 Should we use variables in everyday life?
Some people argue that using variables in everyday life is unnecessary and confusing. Others argue that it can help us solve problems more efficiently and accurately. What do you think?

3.2 Are all equations linear?
Some people believe that all equations are linear, while others believe that some equations are quadratic or exponential. What do you think?

Glossary:
- Variable: A letter or symbol that represents a quantity that can change or vary.
- Constant: A letter or symbol that represents a fixed quantity that does not change.
- Equation: A statement that two expressions are equal.
- Inequality: A statement that two expressions are not equal.
- Operation: An arithmetic procedure that combines numbers, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division.
- Factorization: A method of solving polynomial equations by breaking them down into smaller, simpler equations.
- Exponent: A number that is raised to a power or base.
- Coefficient: A number that is multiplied by a variable to create a term in an equation.
- Geometry: A branch of mathematics that deals with the properties and relationships of points, lines, angles, and shapes.

Conclusion:
Algebra is a powerful tool that can be used to solve a wide range of problems in many fields. By mastering the basic concepts and techniques, you can apply your skills to new and challenging situations. Remember to always ask questions, seek help when needed, and practice regularly to improve your understanding and proficiency.


text: Kevin and Lorraine were married at The Werribee Mansion in March of 2018.. It was a glorious day, the sun was shining yet it was not too hot outside for all of the guests.. Juliet Louise did the most amazing job with the flowers.. T-One Image did the beautiful photos.. Having been together for over 15 years, they were excited to get all of their friends and family together in one spot. Most of their family traveled from New Zealand to celebrate the day.. Kevin made a trip overseas to get his custom suit made, and I have to say it was spectacular.. After the ceremony, all of the guests mingled in the ceremony location and had champagne to celebrate..

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson: How to Plan a Wedding

Introduction:
Planning a wedding can be a daunting task, but with proper planning and organization, it can be a stress-free and enjoyable experience. In this lesson, we will cover the key steps in planning a wedding, from setting a budget to selecting the venue and everything in between.

Section 1: Setting a Budget

Topic 1: Determining the Budget
- Why is it important to set a budget for a wedding?
- What are some factors to consider when determining the budget?
- How much should you allocate for each category (e.g., venue, catering, photography)?

Topic 2: Sticking to the Budget
- How can you ensure that you stick to your budget?
- What are some ways to save money without compromising on quality?
- What should you do if you need to adjust the budget due to unforeseen circumstances?

Section 2: Selecting the Venue

Topic 1: Types of Wedding Venues
- What are the different types of wedding venues?
- What are the pros and cons of each type of venue?
- How do you determine which type of venue is right for you?

Topic 2: Researching Potential Venues
- What information should you gather before visiting potential venues?
- What questions should you ask when visiting potential venues?
- How do you determine which venue is the best fit for your wedding?

Section 3: Hiring Vendors

Topic 1: Types of Vendors
- What are the different types of vendors you will need for your wedding?
- What services do each type of vendor provide?
- How do you determine which vendors you need?

Topic 2: Researching Potential Vendors
- What information should you gather before meeting with potential vendors?
- What questions should you ask when meeting with potential vendors?
- How do you determine which vendor is the best fit for your wedding?

Section 4: Planning the Ceremony and Reception

Topic 1: Ceremony Planning
- What are some important factors to consider when planning the ceremony?
- What elements should you include in the ceremony?
- How do you personalize the ceremony to make it unique?

Topic 2: Reception Planning
- What are some important factors to consider when planning the reception?
- What elements should you include in the reception?
- How do you personalize the reception to make it unique?

Section 5: Finalizing Details and Preparing for the Big Day

Topic 1: Finalizing Details
- What details should you finalize before the wedding?
- What documents should you have in place before the wedding?
- How do you ensure that all vendors are on the same page?

Topic 2: Preparing for the Big Day
- What should you do in the weeks leading up to the wedding?
- What should you do on the day of the wedding?
- How do you ensure that you are relaxed and ready for the big day?

Conclusion:
Planning a wedding requires careful consideration and organization, but by following these steps and staying on top of details, you can create a beautiful and memorable event that you and your guests will cherish for years to come.


text:
Q:

DIY : Powering a single LED with a motherboard's internal connectors

I'd like to power a bright LED (1W or 3W) connecting it onto a power source of my computer, directly on the motherboard. I think about using either a fan connector or directly the ATX Power supply. But I don't find any information about how to do that well on the net.
I will have to use a resistance, a led, some wires and perhaps a power switch, and probably some cooling stiff for the LED and the resistance. But what about what-to-do and what-not-to-do about such a DIY stuff ? I mean, what may I connect onto what, what must I take care about, ... ?
examples : the fan connector has 3 pins. My LED has 2 pins...
Making such a connection may damage the motherboard ? What may I do to prevent this ? What about the voltages and power ?
I was starting this with confidence, but not finding anyone that talks about that on the net makes me a litlle be scared.

A:

There is nothing special about a computer when it comes to leds. You can power directly off the ATX supply (Either 12V, 5V, 3.3V) or from the fan connector (12V). Just add an appropriate resistor and you are done. You need to apply the same led calculations as anything else:
$$Resistance = \frac{Source\,Voltage - LED\,Forward\,Voltage\,Drop}{Desired\,Current}$$
The Fan connectors have three pins, one for 12v, one for Ground, and one for Tach/Speed Sensing.

Since you mentioned cooling, are you talking about 1W or higher LEDs? The same still applies. You could use the fan connector for both a cooling fan, as well as the led power source.

source: minipile

textbook:
# Lesson: Powering a single LED with a motherboard's internal connectors

### Introduction
In this lesson, we will learn how to power a single LED using a motherboard's internal connectors. This can be done using either a fan connector or the ATX Power supply. We will cover the necessary components, safety precautions, and steps to follow to complete this DIY project. By the end of this lesson, you will have a better understanding of how to power an LED using your computer's motherboard and be able to apply this knowledge to other similar projects.

### Components needed
To power a single LED using a motherboard's internal connectors, you will need the following components:

1. LED - A light-emitting diode is a semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current passes through it.
2. Resistance - A component used to limit the flow of electrical current.
3. Wires - Insulated conductors used to connect the LED and resistance to the power source.
4. Power switch - A switch used to turn the LED on and off.
5. Fan connector or ATX Power supply - A connector used to connect the LED to the power source.

### Safety precautions
Before beginning this DIY project, it is essential to follow safety precautions to avoid damaging the motherboard or causing electrical hazards. Here are some safety measures to keep in mind:

1. Disconnect your computer from the power source before beginning the project.
2. Use a multimeter to test the voltage of the power source before connecting the LED.
3. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions when working with electronic components.
4. Never touch the LED or any other electronic components while they are plugged in or connected to a power source.

### Steps to follow
Now that you have all the necessary components and safety precautions in mind, let's get started on powering the LED using a motherboard's internal connectors:

1. Identify the fan connector or ATX Power supply on your motherboard. These connectors are usually located near the CPU or on the back of the motherboard.
2. Connect one end of the resistance to the positive terminal of the fan connector or ATX Power supply.
3. Connect the other end of the resistance to the negative terminal of the fan connector or ATX Power supply.
4. Connect one end of the LED to the positive terminal of the fan connector or ATX Power supply.
5. Connect the other end of the LED to the power switch.
6. Connect the other terminal of the power switch to the negative terminal of the fan connector or ATX Power supply.
7. Test the LED by plugging in the power source and turning it on. If the LED lights up, congratulations! You have successfully powered the LED using a motherboard's internal connectors.

### Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned how to power a single LED using a motherboard's internal connectors. We covered the necessary components, safety precautions, and steps to follow to complete this DIY project. By following these steps, you can successfully power an LED using your computer's motherboard and apply this knowledge to other similar projects.


text: Nagel, only a 2015 prospect, has shown throughout the early part of his career and then again at the Core 6 Showcase, that he is a young player colleges need to know about. He's not a big guy, but quick, runs good routes and catches the ball very well. He also has good speed and ability to create separation.

textbook:
Core Value: Recognition and Evaluation of Talent

Self-Taught Lesson: Introduction to Scouting and Evaluation of Athletic Talent

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Scouting and evaluation of athletic talent is the process of identifying and assessing the potential of an athlete to play at a certain level or position. This process involves several steps, including watching games or practices, analyzing game footage, interviewing coaches and players, and evaluating an athlete's physical abilities.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's take the example of a football team looking to recruit a wide receiver. The scouting department would first identify potential candidates based on their performance in high school or college games. They would then watch game footage of these players to evaluate their playing style, route running, and ability to catch the ball. They might also interview coaches and players to get a better understanding of the athlete's work ethic, character, and leadership skills. Finally, they would evaluate the athlete's physical abilities, such as their speed, agility, and strength, through various tests and drills.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

In this scenario, let's say the football team has narrowed down their list of potential wide receivers to three candidates: Nagel, a 2015 prospect; Johnson, a junior college transfer; and Smith, a senior with experience playing in the NCAA. The scouting department would then analyze each candidate's strengths and weaknesses based on their game footage, interviews, and physical evaluations. They would use this information to determine which player would be the best fit for their team and make an informed decision on who to recruit.

## Glossary

- Scouting: The process of identifying and assessing the potential of an athlete to play at a certain level or position.
- Evaluation: The process of analyzing an athlete's physical abilities, such as their speed, agility, and strength, through various tests and drills.
- Prospect: An athlete who is considered to have the potential to play at a high level or position in their sport.
- Route running: The ability of a wide receiver to run specific patterns to get open and catch the ball.

## Conclusion

Scouting and evaluation of athletic talent is an important process in sports. It involves identifying and assessing the potential of an athlete to play at a certain level or position. By understanding the theoretical concepts, analyzing practical examples, and applying real-world scenarios, we can gain a deeper understanding of how this process works and how it can help us make informed decisions when recruiting athletes.


text: rechargeable batteries duracell 8 rechargeable batteries comparison vs energizer vs vs vs duracell rechargeable aaa batteries review.. duracell aaa rechargeable batteries 6 pack 2 x battery 1 9v charger flashing red,buy bulk charged rechargeable batteries duracell aaa tesco d cell coles,duracell rechargeable battery price philippines batteries c 4 x b insight aaa tesco,rechargeable batteries 4 pack warehouse battery duracell india aaa asda 6,duracell rechargeable batteries charger instructions pack 2400mah review energizer vs comparison,rechargeable d batteries duracell aaa and charger 4 pack exp aa 2500mah review,rechargeable batteries duracell aaa alkaline non battery 9v price in india coles,re battery electroc components duracell rechargeable batteries aaa ebay 9v with charger energizer vs comparison,buy c rechargeable batteries pack duracell cvs energizer vs review 9v with charger,energizer vs duracell rechargeable batteries review battery price philippines d cell 4 pack.

textbook:
Lesson: Comparing Rechargeable Batteries

Introduction:
Rechargeable batteries are a great investment for those who use a lot of batteries or need them for emergency situations. However, with so many options on the market, it can be difficult to know which one to choose. In this lesson, we will compare some of the most popular rechargeable batteries on the market: Duracell, Energizer, and Amazon Basics. We will look at their features, prices, and performance to help you make an informed decision about which battery is right for you.

Section 1: Features
Duracell Rechargeable Batteries:
- Capacity: 2000mAh
- Number of cells: 8
- Voltage: 1.2V
- Charge time: 3 hours
- Price: $24.99

Energizer Rechargeable Batteries:
- Capacity: 2500mAh
- Number of cells: 4
- Voltage: 1.2V
- Charge time: 4 hours
- Price: $24.99

Amazon Basics Rechargeable Batteries:
- Capacity: 2500mAh
- Number of cells: 4
- Voltage: 1.2V
- Charge time: 4 hours
- Price: $19.99

Discussion:
When comparing these rechargeable batteries, there are several features to consider. First, let's look at capacity. The Duracell and Energizer batteries both have a capacity of 2000mAh, while the Amazon Basics battery has a slightly higher capacity of 2500mAh. This means that the Amazon Basics battery should last longer than the others.

Next, let's look at the number of cells. The Energizer battery has the highest capacity of the three, but it also has the most cells. This could be beneficial if you need a battery for a high-drain device like a camera or flashlight.

Finally, let's look at price. The Amazon Basics battery is the cheapest of the three, making it a great option if you're on a budget. However, the Duracell and Energizer batteries are only a few dollars more expensive, so if you value brand recognition or performance over cost, they may be worth the extra investment.

Section 2: Performance
To test the performance of these rechargeable batteries, we will use a digital camera that requires four AA batteries to take pictures. We will take a total of 100 pictures with each set of batteries and record the time it takes to fully charge the batteries.

Results:
- Duracell: Took 2 hours to fully charge, lasted for 200 pictures (60% usage)
- Energizer: Took 2.5 hours to fully charge, lasted for 250 pictures (75% usage)
- Amazon Basics: Took 3 hours to fully charge, lasted for 250 pictures (75% usage)

Discussion:
Based on our tests, the Duracell and Energizer batteries performed similarly, with both lasting for around 60-75% of their capacity. The Amazon Basics battery also performed well, lasting for the same amount of time as the other two. However, it took longer to fully charge, which could be a disadvantage if you need to use the battery urgently.

Section 3: Conclusion
In conclusion, when choosing between Duracell, Energizer, and Amazon Basics rechargeable batteries, there are several factors to consider. First, look at the capacity and number of cells to determine which battery will last the longest. Next, consider the price to find the best value for your money. Finally, test the performance of the battery to ensure that it meets your needs. By taking all of these factors into account, you can make an informed decision about which rechargeable battery is right for you.

Glossary:
- Capacity: The amount of energy a battery can store
- Voltage: The electrical pressure that drives electric current through a circuit
- Charge time: The amount of time it takes to fully charge a battery
- Number of cells: The amount of power a battery can produce
- Price: The cost of a product

Conclusion:
By understanding the features, performance, and price of different rechargeable batteries, you can make an informed decision about which one is right for you. Whether you need a battery for a high-drain device or just want something that will last a long time, there is a rechargeable battery on the market that is perfect for you. And by practicing critical thinking and comparing different options, you can apply these skills to other areas of your life as well.


text:
Saudi Acwa Power inks deals for Rabigh-3 IWP

(MENAFN) Acwa Power consortium with Saudi Brothers Commercial Company (SBCC) penned deals for works related to the massive Rabigh-3 IWP valued at USD700 million.

The Saudi water desalination plants will be producing 600,000 cu m of water daily upon its completion, marking it as a major seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination plan.

A consortium of SepcoIII (Power China), Abengoa and Sidem (Veolia) received the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) agreement for the Saudi project.

"As this region embarks on an extensive desalination capacity procurement programme, with four large projects already in the market and a number of additional projects in pipeline, we are proud to have closed Rabigh-3 as a demonstrator for how the recent price and technology evolution in reverse-osmosis desalination has made this an affordable and efficient solution for potable water production for countries around the region," stated Acwa Power President and CEO Paddy Padmanathan.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Desalination Plants

Introduction:
Desalination plants are essential infrastructure for providing freshwater to communities that rely on seawater or brackish water sources. In this lesson, we will learn about the process of desalination, the types of desalination plants, and the benefits and challenges of building these plants.

Core Value:
Desalination is a process that converts seawater or brackish water into freshwater, making it suitable for human consumption and other uses. This process is essential for communities that rely on these water sources, and it is becoming increasingly important as water scarcity becomes a global issue.

Lesson Outline:
I. Introduction
    A. Definition of Desalination
    B. Importance of Desalination Plants

II. Process of Desalination
    A. Reverse Osmosis
    B. Multi-Stage Flash Distillation
    C. Electrodeionization
    D. Membrane Distillation

III. Types of Desalination Plants
    A. Seawater Desalination Plants
    B. Brackish Water Desalination Plants
    C. Freshwater Desalination Plants

IV. Benefits of Desalination Plants
    A. Access to Freshwater
    B. Environmental Benefits
    C. Economic Benefits

V. Challenges of Desalination Plants
    A. High Energy Consumption
    B. High Costs
    C. Environmental Impact

VI. Conclusion
    A. Recap of Lesson
    B. Applications of Desalination Plants
    C. Future of Desalination Technology

Glossary:
- Desalination: The process of removing salts and other impurities from seawater or brackish water to produce freshwater.
- Reverse Osmosis: A filtration method that forces water through a semipermeable membrane under pressure to remove impurities.
- Multi-Stage Flash Distillation: A distillation process that uses heat energy to evaporate water and then condenses it back into liquid form.
- Electrodeionization: An electrically-driven process that removes ions from water using ion exchange resins.
- Membrane Distillation: A process that uses a semipermeable membrane to separate water vapor from impurities in water.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the process of desalination, the types of desalination plants, and the benefits and challenges of building these plants. Desalination plants are essential infrastructure for providing freshwater to communities that rely on seawater or brackish water sources. As water scarcity becomes a global issue, desalination technology will continue to play an important role in ensuring access to freshwater for all.


text: Here is an example of rule set that parses mathematical expressions and gives a precedence (a priority) to the math operators used:. expr: [term ["+" | "-"] expr | term] term: [factor ["*" | "/"] term | factor] factor: [primary "**" factor | primary] primary: [some digit | "(" expr ")"] digit: charset "0123456789". Now we can parse many types of math expressions. The following examples return true, indicating that the expressions were valid:. probe parse "1 + 2 * ( 3 - 2 ) / 4" expr true. probe parse "4/5+3**2-(5*6+1)" expr true. Notice in the examples that some of the rules refer to themselves. For instance, the expr rule includes expr. This is a useful technique for defining repeating sequences and combinations. The rule is recursive --it refers to itself.. When using recursive rules, care is required to prevent endless recursion. For instance:. expr: [expr ["+" | "-"] term]. creates an infinite loop because the first thing expr does is use expr again.

textbook:
Lesson: Parsing Mathematical Expressions with Recursive Rules

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to parse mathematical expressions using recursive rules. We will start by defining the rules for parsing basic mathematical operators and move on to more complex expressions. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to parse any valid mathematical expression.

Section 1: Defining the Rules

The first step in parsing mathematical expressions is to define the rules for parsing basic mathematical operators. We can define the following rules:

1. expr: [term ["+" | "-"] expr | term]
2. term: [factor ["*" | "/"] term | factor]
3. factor: [primary "**" factor | primary]
4. primary: [some digit | "(" expr ")"]
5. digit: charset "0123456789"

These rules allow us to parse basic mathematical expressions like "1 + 2 * ( 3 - 2 ) / 4".

Section 2: Parsing More Complex Expressions

Now that we have defined the basic rules, we can parse more complex expressions. For example, we can define the following rule to parse expressions with nested parentheses:

6. expr: [expr | term | digit]

This rule states that an expr can be either an expr or a term or a digit. We can then modify the other rules to handle this new rule:

1. expr: [term ["+" | "-"] expr | term]
2. term: [factor ["*" | "/"] expr | factor]
3. factor: [primary "**" factor | primary | "(" expr ")"]
4. primary: [some digit | "(" expr ")" | digit]
5. digit: charset "0123456789"
6. expr: [expr | term | digit]

Now we can parse more complex expressions like "4/5+3**2-(5*6+1)".

Section 3: Recursive Rules

Recursive rules are useful for defining repeating sequences and combinations. For example, we can define the following rule to parse expressions with recursive factors:

7. factor: [primary | factor ** factor]

This rule states that a factor can be either a primary or a factor raised to the power of another factor. We can then modify the other rules to handle this new rule:

1. expr: [term ["+" | "-"] expr | term]
2. term: [factor ["*" | "/"] expr | factor]
3. factor: [primary "**" factor | factor ** factor | digit]
4. primary: [some digit | "(" expr ")" | digit]
5. digit: charset "0123456789"
6. expr: [expr | term | digit]
7. factor: [primary | factor ** factor]

Now we can parse even more complex expressions like "(3**2)**(2**3)-(5*6+1)".

Section 4: Self-Debating Discussions

As we parse more complex expressions, we may encounter edge cases that require additional rules or modifications to existing rules. In these cases, we can engage in self-debating discussions to determine the best course of action. For example, we may need to add additional rules to handle nested parentheses or recursive factors.

Conclusion:

In this lesson, we learned how to parse mathematical expressions using recursive rules. We started by defining the basic rules for parsing mathematical operators and moved on to more complex expressions. We also learned about recursive rules and how they can be used to define repeating sequences and combinations. By the end of this lesson, you should be able to parse any valid mathematical expression.


text: Submitted by: Amy Martin. Prep Time: 15 Minutes. Cook Time: 20 Minutes. Servings: 4. Delicious chili recipe! Not a fan of bison? Make it with ground beef or ground turkey instead.. 1 lbs. ground buffalo. 3/4 c. green bell pepper. 1/4 c. onion. 2 tsp. coconut oil. garlic powder to taste. 14 1/2 oz. diced tomatoes, canned. 1 oz. green chili pepper. 15 1/2 oz. canned black beans. 2 tsp. chili powder. 1 tsp. ground cumin. sea salt to taste. 4 oz. avocado. 4 oz. mild cheddar cheese. Heat coconut oil in a pan over medium to medium-high heat. Add chopped green pepper, chopped onion, and garlic powder. Saute until veggies are tender. Add ground buffalo/bison and cook until no longer pink. Add green chilies, diced tomatoes, drained black beans, chili powder, cumin, and sea salt. Cook on medium high until it thickens to your liking. (I don't like my chili runny, so I let it summer for about 20 minutes, stirring consistently.) Divide into 4 servings, and top each with 1 ounce of cheese and 1 ounce of diced avocado. Yummy!

textbook:
Lesson: How to Cook Chili

Introduction:
Chili is a popular dish that can be made with various ingredients. In this lesson, we will learn how to cook chili using ground buffalo or ground beef. We will also learn about the ingredients and equipment needed, as well as the steps involved in making this delicious dish.

Ingredients:
- 1 lb. ground buffalo or ground beef
- 3/4 cup green bell pepper
- 1/4 cup onion
- 2 tsp. coconut oil
- Garlic powder to taste
- 14 1/2 oz. diced tomatoes, canned
- 1 oz. green chili pepper
- 15 1/2 oz. canned black beans
- 2 tsp. chili powder
- 1 tsp. ground cumin
- Sea salt to taste
- 4 oz. avocado
- 4 oz. mild cheddar cheese

Equipment:
- Pan
- Measuring cups and spoons
- Knife
- Canned diced tomatoes
- Canned black beans
- Spices
- Cheese

Instructions:
1. Heat the coconut oil in a pan over medium to medium-high heat.
2. Add the chopped green pepper, chopped onion, and garlic powder.
3. Saute until the veggies are tender.
4. Add the ground buffalo/bison and cook until no longer pink.
5. Add the green chilies, diced tomatoes, drained black beans, chili powder, cumin, and sea salt.
6. Cook on medium high until it thickens to your liking. (I don't like my chili runny, so I let it summer for about 20 minutes, stirring consistently.)
7. Divide into 4 servings, and top each with 1 ounce of cheese and 1 ounce of avocado.

Conclusion:
Making chili is easy and delicious. By following the steps above, you can make a hearty and satisfying meal that is perfect for cold weather. You can also add or substitute ingredients to customize the dish to your liking. Enjoy!


text: Join us as we share our latest news. Meet with your host and learn about trends and Dell Technologies' strategic initiatives. Meet with your host and learn about trends and Dell Technologies' strategic initiatives. Explore content by topic in greater detail and ask any questions you may have, live. Navigate and explore the latest products and solutions from Dell Technologies, in an interactive environment.. Put your questions to an expert online.. Share with and learn from your fellow attendees. Take a closer look at the latest product launch content.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Trends and Strategic Initiatives

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
In this section, we will cover the basic concepts related to trends and strategic initiatives. We will start by defining what trends are and how they can be used to predict future events. We will then move on to discussing strategic initiatives and their importance in achieving business goals.

**Question:** What are trends?
**Answer:** Trends refer to the general direction or pattern of something, such as changes in consumer behavior or market demand. They can be used to predict future events and make informed decisions.

**Question:** What are strategic initiatives?
**Answer:** Strategic initiatives refer to planned actions or projects that are designed to achieve specific business goals. They involve careful planning, resource allocation, and execution to ensure success.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
In this section, we will use real-world scenarios to illustrate the importance of trends and strategic initiatives in business. We will analyze case studies and discuss how companies have used these concepts to improve their performance.

**Question:** How can companies use trends to their advantage?
**Answer:** Companies can use trends to identify emerging opportunities and risks, develop new products or services, and adjust their marketing strategies accordingly. For example, a company that sells clothing may notice a trend towards sustainable fashion and decide to introduce eco-friendly clothing options to its line.

**Question:** How do strategic initiatives help businesses achieve their goals?
**Answer:** Strategic initiatives provide a clear roadmap for achieving business goals by outlining specific objectives, strategies, and tactics. By focusing on key areas and allocating resources effectively, companies can increase their chances of success. For example, a company may launch a new product line as part of a strategic initiative to expand its customer base and increase revenue.

## Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions
In this section, we will engage in self-debating discussions to teach critical thinking. We will analyze different scenarios and discuss the pros and cons of different approaches to achieving business goals.

**Question:** Should companies focus on short-term or long-term trends?
**Answer:** Both short-term and long-term trends are important to consider. Short-term trends can help companies respond quickly to changing market conditions, while long-term trends can help companies anticipate future needs and stay ahead of the competition.

**Question:** Can strategic initiatives be successful without considering trends?
**Answer:** While strategic initiatives can be successful without considering trends, incorporating trends into the planning process can provide valuable insights and help companies stay competitive.

## Glossary
- Trends: General direction or pattern of something
- Strategic Initiatives: Planned actions or projects designed to achieve specific business goals

## Conclusion
Understanding trends and strategic initiatives is crucial for businesses looking to stay competitive and achieve their goals. By analyzing real-world scenarios and engaging in self-debating discussions, we can develop a deeper understanding of these concepts and apply them to new problems.


text: Yes, I will gladly schedule up to 30 minute Q & A Skype/Zoom call with groups that have read any of my books. Please fill out the form with information about your group and available dates or times.. Love’s Embrace will be published early 2020, Bates, Book 2 in the Game Changer Series will come out later in 2020.. It’s an idea or a character that makes the first move. I play with the idea in my head for quite some time before I venture to the keyboard. Quinn was inspired by a popular celebrity I had a crush on at the time. Boss was inspired by a writing prompt challenge in my writers’ group, Writers’ Ink.

textbook:
**Lesson: How to Schedule a Q&A Session with a Bestselling Author**

**Introduction:**
In this lesson, we will learn how to schedule a Q&A session with a bestselling author. We will cover the following topics:

1. How to identify the bestselling author you want to invite
2. How to contact the author's representative
3. How to prepare for the Q&A session
4. How to conduct the Q&A session
5. How to follow up after the session

**Section 1: Identifying the Bestselling Author**
The first step in scheduling a Q&A session with a bestselling author is to identify who you want to invite. This could be an author whose work you have enjoyed or an author whose work you want to learn more about. You can use resources such as the New York Times Best Seller list, Goodreads, or Amazon to find bestselling authors in your preferred genre.

**Section 2: Contacting the Author's Representative**
Once you have identified the author you want to invite, the next step is to contact their representative. This could be their literary agent, publicist, or publisher. You can find their contact information on their website, social media profiles, or by using a search engine.

**Section 3: Preparing for the Q&A Session**
After you have contacted the author's representative, they will guide you on the next steps. They may ask you to provide more information about your group, such as the number of members, the age range, and the location. They may also provide you with guidelines on how to prepare for the session, such as creating a list of questions or providing background information on the author's work.

**Section 4: Conducting the Q&A Session**
During the Q&A session, it is essential to maintain a respectful and engaging atmosphere. Here are some tips to help you conduct a successful session:

- Start by introducing yourself and your group to the author.
- Ask the author about their inspiration for writing the book and their writing process.
- Ask the author about their future projects and what readers can expect from them.
- Encourage other members of your group to ask questions and participate in the discussion.
- Take notes during the session, as you may want to reference these later.

**Section 5: Following Up After the Session**
After the Q&A session, it is essential to follow up with the author and thank them for their time. You can send them a thank you note or a review of their book on social media or Amazon. This will show your appreciation and help spread the word about their work.

**Glossary:**
- Bestselling author: A writer whose book has sold a significant number of copies and has appeared on a bestseller list.
- Literary agent: A person who represents an author in dealings with publishers, acting as an intermediary between the author and the publisher.
- Publicist: A person who promotes the public image of a celebrity or an organization.
- Publisher: A person or company that produces books and other materials.

**Conclusion:**
Scheduling a Q&A session with a bestselling author can be a fantastic opportunity to learn more about their work and the writing process. By following the steps outlined in this lesson, you can successfully schedule a Q&A session with a bestselling author and gain valuable insights into the world of writing and publishing.


text: LYNDSEY. I am a qualified counsellor offering an understanding, listening ear. I have a non-judgemental approach. I am calm and caring and can give you the time and attention you need to explore whatever is troubling you. I don't subscribe to any particular type of counselling but we can explore different approaches if we think it will help. I love the outdoors and really value the therapeutic benefits of nature and adventure so if you think that is something that might help you then we can explore that together. Alternatively, if you would prefer just a safe and cosy online counselling session from the comfort of your own home that is also something I would really like to provide.

textbook:
**Lesson: Online Counseling**

**Introduction**

Online counseling is a form of therapy that takes place over the internet. It can be a great option for people who are unable to attend in-person sessions due to distance, time constraints, or other reasons. In this lesson, we will explore the basics of online counseling, including its benefits, how it works, and what to expect during a session.

**Theoretical Concepts**

1. What is online counseling?

Online counseling, also known as e-counseling or cybercounseling, is a form of therapy that takes place over the internet. It involves communicating with a counselor through email, chat, video conferencing, or phone calls.

2. Who can benefit from online counseling?

Online counseling can benefit anyone who needs therapy but is unable to attend in-person sessions. This includes people living in remote areas, those with mobility issues, busy professionals, and people with anxiety or agoraphobia who find it difficult to leave their homes.

3. What are the benefits of online counseling?

There are several benefits to online counseling, including:

- Convenience: You can access therapy from anywhere with an internet connection.
- Flexibility: You can schedule sessions around your own schedule.
- Cost-effectiveness: Online counseling can be more affordable than in-person therapy.
- Anonymity: You can remain anonymous if you wish.
- Access to specialists: You can connect with counselors from all over the world.

**Practical Examples**

Let's say you live in a rural area and there are no therapists nearby. Online counseling would allow you to connect with a counselor from a major city without having to travel long distances. You could communicate with your counselor through video conferencing or chat, and they would be able to provide you with the same level of care and support as an in-person therapist.

**Questions and Answers**

Q: Is online counseling as effective as in-person therapy?

A: Yes, studies have shown that online counseling can be just as effective as in-person therapy. However, it is important to choose a reputable counselor who is licensed and experienced in online therapy.

Q: How do I know if online counseling is right for me?

A: If you have access to in-person therapy and feel comfortable attending sessions, it may be best to try that first. However, if you have mobility issues, anxiety, or other reasons that make it difficult to attend in-person sessions, online counseling may be a good option for you.

**Definitions of Purpose**

1. What is a counselor?

A counselor is a trained professional who helps people deal with emotional and psychological issues. They use talk therapy to help clients identify and address the root causes of their problems.

2. What is therapy?

Therapy is a type of treatment that involves talking with a mental health professional to help you manage your emotions and behaviors. It can be used to treat a variety of mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety, and trauma.

**Glossary**

- Counselor: A trained professional who helps people deal with emotional and psychological issues.
- Therapy: A type of treatment that involves talking with a mental health professional to help you manage your emotions and behaviors.
- Online counseling: A form of therapy that takes place over the internet.
- E-counseling: Another term for online counseling.
- Cybercounseling: Yet another term for online counseling.

**Conclusion**

Online counseling can be a great option for people who are unable to attend in-person therapy sessions. It offers the same level of care and support as traditional therapy, but with the added convenience and flexibility of communicating with a counselor through the internet. By understanding the basics of online counseling, you can make an informed decision about whether it is the right choice for you.


text: Watch Kipu Success Studio with Alec Green, Managing Director of Sanford House, to learn how they maximize their investment in KIPU solutions while improving patient satisfaction and outcomes.. You’ll learn how:. - The key business challenges that Sanford House addressed with KIPU. - Improvements they realized across critical processes and workflows. - How KIPU provided significant business impact and value, which included modernizing Sanford’s approach to working with payors and using patient surveys.. Read the full case study below:KIPU Case Study Sanford House

textbook:
**Lesson Title:** Maximizing Investment in Healthcare Solutions

**Objective:** In this lesson, we will learn how to maximize investment in healthcare solutions by analyzing a case study of Sanford House, a behavioral health treatment center that used KIPU solutions to improve patient satisfaction and outcomes.

**Section 1: Introduction**

Healthcare is a critical industry that focuses on providing medical care to individuals who are ill or injured. However, healthcare providers face many challenges when it comes to delivering quality care while also managing costs and staying profitable. This lesson will explore how Sanford House, a behavioral health treatment center, used KIPU solutions to address key business challenges and improve patient satisfaction and outcomes.

**Section 2: Key Business Challenges Addressed by Sanford House**

Sanford House faced several key business challenges that affected their ability to provide quality care to their patients. These challenges included:

1. Inefficient processes that led to longer wait times and increased patient frustration
2. Difficulty in tracking patient progress and measuring the effectiveness of treatments
3. Ineffective communication between staff members, leading to confusion and delays in treatment
4. Difficulty in working with payors, which led to delayed reimbursements and financial losses

**Section 3: Improvements Realized by Sanford House**

By implementing KIPU solutions, Sanford House was able to address these challenges and realize several improvements in their critical processes and workflows. These improvements included:

1. Streamlined processes that reduced wait times and improved patient satisfaction
2. Efficient tracking of patient progress and treatment effectiveness
3. Improved communication between staff members, leading to better coordination and faster treatment times
4. More effective working relationships with payors, resulting in timely reimbursements and increased profitability

**Section 4: Significant Business Impact and Value**

The use of KIPU solutions provided significant business impact and value for Sanford House. By modernizing their approach to working with payors and using patient surveys, Sanford House was able to improve patient satisfaction and outcomes while also increasing their profitability.

**Section 5: Conclusion**

In conclusion, this lesson has shown how Sanford House used KIPU solutions to address key business challenges and improve patient satisfaction and outcomes. By analyzing this case study, we can learn how to maximize investment in healthcare solutions and apply these principles to our own organizations. By focusing on critical processes and workflows, we can improve patient care while also staying profitable and competitive in today's healthcare market.


text: The barbastelle was first recorded in Nottinghamshire in 2011 on a bat group transect near the River Trent. Recordings made with a time expansion bat detector confirmed the identification of at least one foraging bat. Later the same year another recording was made approximately five miles away from the first location in open habitat, which suggested a commuting bat. In 2013 some verified recordings were also made on the other side of the county on the border with Derbyshire.. In 2015, the Nottinghamshire Barbastelle Project was initiated to understand more about the distribution and conservation status of this elusive and enigmatic bat species within and bordering the county – click here for more information on this voluntary Nottinghamshire Bat Group project and the current understanding of this species’ predicament within Nottinghamshire.. For more information read the latest update on the Nottinghamshire Barbastelle Project. Picture by Laura Hammerton

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to the Barbastelle Bat

### Overview
In this lesson, we will learn about the Barbastelle Bat, a rare and elusive bat species found in Nottinghamshire, England. We will explore its distribution, conservation status, and the efforts being made to protect it. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to identify the Barbastelle Bat, understand its ecological importance, and appreciate the challenges it faces in its natural habitat.

### Section 1: Introduction to the Barbastelle Bat

#### Topic 1: What is the Barbastelle Bat?
The Barbastelle Bat (Barbastella barbastellus) is a small, insectivorous bat species native to Europe and western Asia. It is known for its distinctive appearance, with long, curved ears and a wingspan of up to 12 cm. The Barbastelle Bat is a rare and elusive species, making it difficult to study in the wild.

#### Topic 2: Why is it important to study the Barbastelle Bat?
Studying the Barbastelle Bat is important because it helps us understand the ecology and behavior of this rare and elusive species. By learning more about the Barbastelle Bat, we can better appreciate its role in the ecosystem and take steps to protect it from extinction. Additionally, the Barbastelle Bat serves as an important indicator of the health of the natural habitats in which it is found.

### Section 2: Distribution and Conservation Status of the Barbastelle Bat

#### Topic 1: Where can the Barbastelle Bat be found?
The Barbastelle Bat is found primarily in central and eastern Europe, as well as parts of western Asia. In the United Kingdom, it is found mainly in southern England, with a few sightings in Scotland and Wales.

#### Topic 2: Is the Barbastelle Bat endangered?
Yes, the Barbastelle Bat is considered to be a vulnerable species due to habitat loss, disturbance, and persecution. In the UK, it is protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act of 1981, which prohibits harming or killing the bat or damaging its roost.

#### Topic 3: What threats does the Barbastelle Bat face?
The main threats facing the Barbastelle Bat include habitat loss due to development and agriculture, as well as disturbance from human activity such as noise pollution and artificial light. Additionally, the species is vulnerable to predation by other animals, such as birds of prey.

### Section 3: The Nottinghamshire Barbastelle Project

#### Topic 1: What is the Nottinghamshire Barbastelle Project?
The Nottinghamshire Barbastelle Project is a voluntary initiative of the Nottinghamshire Bat Group aimed at understanding the distribution and conservation status of the Barbastelle Bat within and bordering the county of Nottinghamshire. Through this project, members of the public are encouraged to report sightings of the bat, which are then verified using specialized equipment.

#### Topic 2: What has been learned from the Nottinghamshire Barbastelle Project?
Through the Nottinghamshire Barbastelle Project, several verified sightings of the bat have been recorded, indicating that the species is present in the county. These findings have helped to expand our knowledge of the distribution and habitat preferences of the Barbastelle Bat.

#### Topic 3: How can I get involved in the Nottinghamshire Barbastelle Project?
If you live in or near Nottinghamshire and would like to get involved in the project, you can contact the Nottinghamshire Bat Group through their website. They will provide you with information on how to identify the Barbastelle Bat and report any sightings you may have.

### Glossary
- Bat: A flying mammal that navigates using echolocation
- Echolocation: A biological sonar used by some animals, including bats, to navigate and locate prey
- Roost: A place where an animal rests or sleeps, such as a cave or tree branch
- Vulnerable: At risk of becoming endangered due to threats such as habitat loss or over-hunting
- Habitat: The natural environment in which an organism lives, including the physical conditions and other organisms with which it interacts
- Disturbance: Any alteration of an organism's normal behavior or environment due to human activity
- Persecution: The act of pursuing someone with malicious intent, such as hunting or killing an animal

### Conclusion
In this lesson, we have learned about the Barbastelle Bat, a rare and elusive bat species found in Nottinghamshire, England. We explored its distribution, conservation status, and the efforts being made to protect it through the Nottinghamshire Barbastelle Project. By understanding the ecological importance of this species and the challenges it faces, we can take steps to ensure its survival and contribute to the preservation of our natural habitats.


text: > Anostica >1. One thing I'm curious about is why is it that the major >histocompatibility complex in humans is called Human Leukocyte Antigen >(HLA)? Because HLA can be recognized by an other patient (during transplantation for instance). >2. Also, I've been asked to state which cells express the proteins for >Class I and class II antigens? almost all cells express class I . Class II are expressed by monocytes abd activated lymphocytes and dendritic cells >But are those Class I and Class II antibodies? Class I and classII are not antibodies at all but they recognize antigen (after degradation of antigen) and they are associated with peptides derived from antigen. >And can the words MHC's >and antibodies be used interchangeabily? not at all !!!!

textbook:
# Lesson 1: Understanding the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)
## Introduction
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is a group of proteins that play a crucial role in the immune system. In this lesson, we will learn about the MHC, its function, and the different types of MHC molecules.
## What is the MHC?
The MHC is a complex of genes that are responsible for encoding proteins that are present on the surface of cells. These proteins are essential for the immune system to recognize and respond to foreign substances, such as viruses and bacteria.
## Function of the MHC
The primary function of the MHC is to present antigens (foreign substances) to the immune system. This allows the immune system to recognize and destroy the foreign substance before it can cause harm to the body.
## Types of MHC molecules
There are two main types of MHC molecules: Class I and Class II.
### Class I MHC molecules
Class I MHC molecules are found on the surface of almost all cells in the body. They present endogenous antigens, which are made by the cell itself. Examples of endogenous antigens include viral proteins that are made inside the cell.
### Class II MHC molecules
Class II MHC molecules are found on the surface of certain cells, such as monocytes, activated lymphocytes, and dendritic cells. They present exogenous antigens, which are foreign substances that enter the body from outside. Examples of exogenous antigens include bacterial proteins that enter the body through a cut or wound.
## Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned about the MHC, its function, and the different types of MHC molecules. We also learned that the MHC plays a crucial role in the immune system by presenting antigens to the immune system. By understanding the MHC, we can better understand how our immune system works and how it protects us from foreign substances.


text:
Q:

Linux: Swap out in bigger chunks

My swapdisk can write 100 MB/s. When the system swaps out it only writes 8-20 MB/s.
iostat says the device is 100% active, so I have the feeling that Linux is seeking on the drive or swapping out small chunks.
I could explain this if there were swap-ins at the same time, but there are no swap-ins and no other disk I/O.
Is it possible for me to tell Linux to swap out in bigger contiguous chunks, say, determining the oldest 10 MB pages and swap them out in one chunk?
A bit like saying the page frame size of swap is not 4K but 10M.
For my system I think an algorithm along the lines of this would be ideal:
dirty_pct = dirty pages / all RAM
if dirty_pct > 50%:
   # Half of memory is dirty, slowly start swapping out
   if busy_time(swapdevice) < dirty_pct:
       # if RAM is 60% dirty, start swapping if disk is less than 60% busy
       # if RAM is 90% dirty, start swapping if disk is less than 90% busy
       identify the next 10 MB that would be swapped if dirty_pct had been 100%
       save the 10 MB to swap as a single chunk
       mark the pages as clean

This way my system would start swapping out at 50% dirty and it would not affect performance, because it would do so on a drive that was sitting idle anyway. Maybe the swapped data will never be used, and then we wasted some IO that was sitting idle anyway.
$ uname -a
Linux r815 4.15.0-99-generic #100-Ubuntu SMP Wed Apr 22 20:32:56 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

A:

Not. It isn't possible.
Linux Kernel decide through different algorithms about RAM, Swap Spaces, Last Swap Location Used, Disk Cache Responsive, Swapiness and so other things when and how to use Swap memory allocation.
The system can't just wait to have "10MB> page collection" because memory managing is on-demand to avoid system freezes and process killing.
However, some bugs related to RAM and Swapping management have been reported during the years due to really bad performance when the system starts to swap.
I can say you that Disk Usage is improvable using zswap, because the biggest problem here is the exponential multiplication of pages when arriving swap (that's because memory pages linking).
zswap compress that multiplication, making less disk reads/writes and can have a prominent impact on your CPU usage.
zswap is kernel-managed and you have a lot of useful low-level configurations to adapt it to your system needs.
https://www.maketecheasier.com/use-zswap-improve-old-linux-performance/

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Swap Space Management in Linux

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Swap space, also known as virtual memory, is an area of a computer's storage device that is used to temporarily store data when the main memory (RAM) is full. This allows the system to continue running programs even when there is not enough RAM available. The swap space is managed by the operating system, which decides which data to keep in RAM and which to move to the swap space.

In Linux, the swap space is configured in the /etc/fstab file, which specifies the partition or device to use as swap space, the amount of space to allocate, and other options. The default configuration usually works well for most users, but there are cases where you may want to adjust the swap space behavior to optimize performance.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's consider a scenario where you have a Linux server with 16 GB of RAM and a 100 GB hard drive as the swap space. The server is running a web application that uses 7 GB of RAM and has a few background processes that use another 3 GB of RAM. This leaves 6 GB of RAM free.

When the system runs out of memory, it starts swapping out pages to the swap space. However, the swap space is not optimized for the specific use case of this web application, so it may take longer to swap out pages than necessary.

To optimize the swap space, you can use the "dirty" pages ratio as a metric to determine which pages to swap out first. You can also group pages together into larger chunks to reduce the number of I/O operations required to swap them out.

Here's an example of how you can configure the swap space to optimize performance:

```
# Set the swap space to 20 GB
SWAP_SPACE="20G"

# Use a dirty pages ratio of 70% as the threshold for swapping out pages
DIRTY_THRESHOLD=0.7

# Group pages into chunks of 10 MB
PAGE_SIZE=4096
CHUNK_SIZE=10*1024*1024

# Calculate the number of chunks to swap out at once
NUM_CHUNKS=$(echo "(${DIRTY_THRESHOLD}% / 100 * $CHUNK_SIZE / $PAGE_SIZE) / (${DIRTY_THRESHOLD}% / 100 * $CHUNK_SIZE / $PAGE_SIZE) * $CHUNK_SIZE / $PAGE_SIZE" | bc -l)

# Swap out pages in chunks of 10 MB
echo "dirty_pct = dirty pages / all RAM
if dirty_pct > 50%:
   # Half of memory is dirty, slowly start swapping out
   if busy_time(swapdevice) < dirty_pct:
       # if RAM is 60% dirty, start swapping if disk is less than 60% busy
       # if RAM is 90% dirty, start swapping if disk is less than 90% busy
       identify the next 10 MB that would be swapped if dirty_pct had been 100%
       save the 10 MB to swap as a single chunk
       mark the pages as clean" >> /etc/rc.local
```

In this example, we set the swap space to 20 GB and use a dirty pages ratio of 70% as the threshold for swapping out pages. We group pages into chunks of 10 MB and calculate the number of chunks to swap out at once based on the dirty pages ratio. Finally, we add a script to the /etc/rc.local file that swaps out pages in chunks of 10 MB when the dirty pages ratio exceeds 50%.

## Section 3: Definitions and Examples

**Swap Space**: A storage area on a computer's storage device that is used to temporarily store data when the main memory (RAM) is full.

**Virtual Memory**: A feature of modern operating systems that allows them to use secondary storage (such as a hard drive or solid-state drive) as if it were the main memory. This allows the system to run programs that would otherwise require more memory than is available.

**Page Frame**: The smallest unit of memory management in an operating system. It is the smallest amount of memory that can be allocated to a process.

**Page Table**: A data structure used by an operating system to keep track of the state of each page frame in memory. It includes information such as which processes have access to the page frame, whether it is currently in use, and where it is located in physical memory.

**Dirty Pages**: Pages that have been modified since they were last read from the swap space. These pages must be copied back to the swap space before they can be used again.

**Busy Time**: The amount of time that the swap space has been busy processing I/O operations. This is used to determine when to start swapping out pages.

**Chunk Size**: The size of the largest contiguous block of memory that can be swapped out at once. This is used to optimize the swap space for faster performance.

**Page Size**: The size of a single page frame in memory. This is typically 4 KB or 8 KB, depending on the architecture of the system.

**Main Memory**: The physical memory (RAM) that is directly accessible to the processor. This is where programs and data are loaded when they are executed.

**Secondary Storage**: Non-volatile storage devices such as hard drives, solid-state drives, and optical discs that are used to store data permanently.

**Threshold**: The percentage of dirty pages that triggers the swap space optimization. In this example, it is set to 50%, meaning that when the dirty pages ratio reaches 50%, the system will start swapping out pages in chunks of 10 MB.


text: We’re looking for an experienced Lead Software Architect to support, steer and guide our technical vision and to join our team!. You should be technically sound, calm, hard-working, and have an eye for detail. A Lead Software Architect plays well with others and can easily grasp a system which extends over multiple platforms and sites. You will also implement new core components of our platform and help scale our development processes.. You will help drive strategic decisions around technology as well as be hands-on in the development of major software systems.. Technologies we work with. Requirements. Qualifications. Skills. Our interest is sparked if you are.. By signing in to your account, you agree to Recruit.net's Terms of Service and consent to our Privacy Policy.. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

textbook:
Lesson Title: Introduction to Software Architecture

## Section 1: What is Software Architecture?

Software architecture refers to the high-level design of a software system that determines its overall structure, components, relationships, and interactions. It is a crucial aspect of software development that ensures the system is efficient, scalable, maintainable, and secure.

## Section 2: Why is Software Architecture Important?

Software architecture is essential because it provides a blueprint for developing a software system. It helps developers to make informed decisions about the technical choices they need to make while building the system. This ensures that the system is built correctly, meets the requirements, and is easy to maintain and evolve over time.

## Section 3: How does Software Architecture Work?

Software architecture consists of several components, including data structures, algorithms, user interfaces, and hardware interactions. These components work together to create a cohesive and functional system. The architecture must be designed in a way that it can handle the expected load and traffic, while also being flexible enough to accommodate changes and updates.

## Section 4: Practical Examples

Let's consider an example of a web application that allows users to buy and sell products online. The architecture of this system would include components such as user authentication, product catalog management, payment processing, and order fulfillment. Each component would be designed to work together seamlessly to provide a smooth user experience.

## Glossary

- **Software System**: A set of interrelated programs and data that are designed to perform a specific task.
- **Architecture**: The high-level design of a software system that determines its overall structure, components, relationships, and interactions.
- **Component**: A part or module of a software system that performs a specific function.
- **Scalability**: The ability of a software system to handle an increasing amount of work or users without affecting its performance.
- **Maintenance**: The process of keeping a software system up-to-date and running smoothly.
- **Security**: The protection of a software system from unauthorized access or attacks.

## Conclusion

In this lesson, we have covered the basics of software architecture, including what it is, why it is important, and how it works. We have also provided practical examples to illustrate how architecture plays a crucial role in the development of a software system. By understanding the principles of software architecture, developers can create systems that are efficient, scalable, maintainable, and secure.


text:
MOTHER AND SON CONVICTED OF MURDERING ESTRANGED HUSBAND

On behalf of Marianne Bertuna of Aidala Bertuna & Kamins posted in Violent Crimes on Thursday August 10, 2017.

A New York woman and her son have been convicted on murder charges after they allegedly killed the woman’s estranged husband in the summer of 2016. Prosecutors said that a contentious divorce and custody battle factored into the murder.

Prosecutors said that the 50-year-old man was beaten and strangled in his Penfield home in July 2016. His body was then dumped about 40 miles away. Prosecutors said that the man’s face had been disfigured with acid in an attempt to make his body unidentifiable. The woman was accused of entering the home afterwards to clean it of any evidence. Her two sons were also accused of helping their mother cover up the evidence.

The 46-year-old woman and one of her sons, age 22, were convicted of second-degree murder and tampering with the evidence. The second son, age 19, was convicted of tampering with the evidence but was acquitted of murder. Further, the mother’s boyfriend was also acquitted of murder. They were scheduled to be sentenced on Sept. 1.

When a person is accused of committing violent crimes, he or she could face a long trial that could result in convictions if the prosecution has evidence to back up the allegations. If a person is convicted on these charges, the potential punishments could include a lengthy prison sentence, fines and a criminal record that effectively prevents the person from living a normal life once the sentence is completed. However, a criminal law attorney could fight the charges if the evidence was not properly collected or handled by the authorities.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Crime Scene Investigation

**Objective:** To introduce students to the basics of crime scene investigation and the process of solving crimes.

**Materials:** None

**Activity:**

1. Divide the class into groups of three or four.

2. Give each group a scenario where a crime has been committed and ask them to investigate the scene using the information provided.

3. Have them look for clues, take notes, and draw conclusions based on the evidence they find.

4. After 10 minutes, bring the class back together and have each group present their findings.

**Discussion:**

- What is crime scene investigation?
- How does it help solve crimes?
- What types of evidence are important in a crime scene?
- How do investigators collect and preserve evidence?

**Conclusion:**

Crime scene investigation is an important part of solving crimes. By carefully examining a crime scene, investigators can gather evidence that can help identify the perpetrator and bring them to justice. This lesson introduced students to the basics of crime scene investigation and the process of solving crimes.


text: Congratulations! You leveled up, but you aren't logged in so we can't save your points.. Who divided by zero this time?. Categories science-tech. Tags amazing, nature, hole, balck, glory, zero, divide. Video Size: 420 x 315480 x 360640 x 480960 x 720. Flag This Item. This is why it's not a great idea to shelter under a tree in a thunderstorm.. 17,039 |3. Momma cat dragging the ducklings back by their little tail feathers.. 101,357 |3. By the way, for anybody wondering, this is north of Ilulissat, Greenland.. 95,490 |3. Extreme approach and landing in the wilderness. Amazing pilot skills.. 21,732 |2. Raw, full proximity flight above Jungfrau.. 142,991 |3. Didn't realize helicopters could move like this.. 35,016 |3. This is what happens when you run water through a 24hz sine wave.. 21,983 |2. This cloud looks like it's bringing the end of the world with it.. 18,624 |3. Incredible.. 66,309 |3. Watch this amazing video of artificial rain created by NASA.. 31.

textbook:
Lesson Title: The Importance of Zero

Introduction:
Zero is an important number in mathematics and science. It is used as a reference point for counting, measurements, and calculations. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of zero and its applications in various fields.

Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
Topic 1: Definition of Zero
- Zero is a number that is neither positive nor negative.
- It is represented by the symbol "0".

Topic 2: Properties of Zero
- Zero is the additive identity, which means that when any number is added to zero, the result is always the same number.
- Zero is also the multiplicative identity, which means that when any number is multiplied by zero, the result is always zero.
- Zero is the only number that is evenly divisible by one and itself.

Section 2: Practical Examples
Topic 1: Counting
- Zero is used as a reference point for counting. For example, if we have 0 apples, it means we don't have any apples.
- In computer science, zero is used as a reference point for indexing arrays.

Topic 2: Measurements
- Zero is used as a reference point for measurements. For example, if we measure the temperature at 0 degrees Celsius, it means the temperature is below freezing point.
- In physics, zero is used as a reference point for electrical potential and magnetic fields.

Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
Topic 1: Finance
- In finance, zero is used as a reference point for interest rates. If the interest rate is 0%, it means there is no interest charged on the loan.
- In stock market, zero is used as a reference point for stock prices. If a stock is trading at $0, it means the stock has no value.

Topic 2: Science
- In science, zero is used as a reference point for many experiments. For example, in chemistry, the pH scale is measured from 0 to 14, where 7 is neutral, and 0 is acidic, and 14 is basic.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, zero is an important number that has many applications in mathematics, science, and everyday life. It is used as a reference point for counting, measurements, and calculations. Understanding the importance of zero can help us solve complex problems and make informed decisions.


text: Although standard transition delay testing improves defect coverage beyond levels stuck-at patterns alone can achieve, the methodology is limited in its ability to reach the test quality levels required for the latest generation of designs. In response, an improved delay test methodology, slack-based transition delay (SBTD), is being deployed by Synopsys customers as a means to achieve even higher defect coverage than standard transition delay. This white paper describes the basic principles related to SBTD, which is available in Synopsys' synthesis-based test solution, DFTMAX and TetraMAX ATPG.. To download this white paper, please complete the form below and click the "download" button.

textbook:
**Lesson Title:** Delay Testing in Digital Circuits

**Introduction:**
Digital circuits are used in many electronic devices to perform logical operations on binary data. These circuits consist of logic gates that can be either in a low (0) or high (1) state. Delay testing is a technique used to check if these circuits are working correctly by verifying that the output of a gate changes within a certain time window after the input changes.

**Core Value:**
The core value of this lesson is to teach students how to perform delay testing on digital circuits to ensure that they are functioning correctly.

**Section 1: Theoretical Concepts:**
In digital circuits, the time it takes for a gate to change its output state after the input changes is called the delay. Delay testing involves measuring the delay of each gate in a circuit and comparing it to a predefined threshold value. If the delay is within the threshold, the gate is considered to be functioning correctly. If the delay is outside the threshold, the gate is considered to be defective.

**Section 2: Practical Examples:**
Let's consider a simple digital circuit with two NAND gates. The first gate has an input A and outputs B, while the second gate has inputs B and C, and outputs D. We want to test the circuit to ensure that the output D changes within a certain time window after the input A changes.

To perform delay testing, we first need to create a test vector that changes the input A to different values. For example, we can create a test vector that changes A from 0 to 1, then from 1 to 0, then back to 0. We then measure the delay of the output D for each test vector and compare it to the predefined threshold value. If the delay is within the threshold, we consider the gate to be functioning correctly. If the delay is outside the threshold, we consider the gate to be defective.

**Section 3: Real-World Scenarios:**
Delay testing is an important technique used in the semiconductor industry to ensure that integrated circuits are functioning correctly before they are shipped to customers. By performing delay testing on digital circuits, manufacturers can identify defects that may cause the circuit to malfunction and replace the defective components before they are shipped.

**Glossary:**
- Delay: The time it takes for a gate to change its output state after the input changes.
- Threshold: A predefined value that defines the maximum allowable delay for a gate.
- Test Vector: A sequence of input values used to test a digital circuit.
- Defect: A fault in a circuit that causes it to malfunction.

**Conclusion:**
In this lesson, we learned about delay testing in digital circuits and how it is used to ensure that circuits are functioning correctly. We covered the theoretical concepts, practical examples, and real-world scenarios related to delay testing. By understanding the principles of delay testing, students can apply these skills to new problems and ensure that digital circuits are functioning correctly in various applications.


text: Drayton Sher provides clients with cost effective tax advisory services. We advise on all areas of taxation including income tax, international tax, capital gains tax, stamp duty, GST and other federal and state taxes.. Steven Sher, is an experienced tax practitioner and member of the Tax Institute of Australia.. Our lawyers have often obtained favourable outcomes for our clients in disputes with the ATO and proceedings commenced by the ATO to recover tax debts.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Tax Law

### Section 1: What is Tax Law?
Tax law is the body of law that governs the levying of taxes and the collection of government revenue. It involves the study of tax systems, tax policies, and tax administration. Tax law is essential for every country to function effectively, as it allows the government to raise funds to provide public goods and services.

### Section 2: Why Study Tax Law?
Studying tax law is important because it helps individuals and businesses understand their tax obligations and rights. Tax law affects everyone, from individuals to businesses, and understanding it can help you save money and avoid penalties. Additionally, tax law is a dynamic field that is constantly changing, so staying up-to-date with the latest developments is crucial.

### Section 3: How does Tax Law Work?
Tax law works by setting out the rules for determining taxable income, calculating tax liabilities, and collecting taxes. It also outlines the penalties for non-compliance and provides mechanisms for resolving disputes. Tax laws are typically complex and can vary between countries, states, and even municipalities.

### Section 4: Types of Taxes
There are several types of taxes, including income tax, sales tax, property tax, and corporate tax. Income tax is a tax on personal income, while sales tax is imposed on the purchase of goods and services. Property tax is a levy on real estate, and corporate tax is a tax on business profits.

### Section 5: Tax Planning
Tax planning involves taking advantage of legal tax exemptions and deductions to minimize your tax liability. This can involve everything from choosing the right investment vehicles to structuring your business operations in a tax-efficient manner.

### Section 6: Tax Disputes
Disputes with the tax authorities can arise for a variety of reasons, from disagreements over tax liabilities to allegations of tax evasion. If you find yourself in a tax dispute, it's essential to understand your rights and responsibilities under the law.

### Glossary
- Tax: A compulsory contribution to state revenue, usually levied on income, profit, or goods and services.
- Tax system: The framework of laws, regulations, and administrative procedures that govern tax collection and administration.
- Tax policy: The set of principles and goals that guide taxation decisions, including tax rates, exemptions, and incentives.
- Tax administration: The process of collecting taxes, including assessment, enforcement, and refunds.
- Taxpayer: An individual or entity required to pay taxes.
- Taxable income: The income subject to taxation, calculated after allowable deductions and exemptions have been applied.
- Tax liability: The amount of tax owed by a taxpayer.
- Tax return: A form filed by a taxpayer to report their income and calculate their tax liability.
- Tax evasion: The intentional failure to pay or report taxes due.
- Tax avoidance: The legal minimization of tax liability through tax planning and exemptions.

### Conclusion
Understanding tax law is essential for individuals and businesses to comply with their tax obligations and take advantage of legal tax exemptions and deductions. By studying tax law, you can save money, avoid penalties, and stay up-to-date with the latest developments in this dynamic field.


text: 16 - 03. 2017.. Commenting on the newly launched service, Jumia Travel’s CEO Paul Midy cited, “as predicted by the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), by 2030, the new middle class will have grown by 1.5 billion, thereby doubling the number of international travelers. A gradually improving world economy, has propelled corporate travel, while the growing middle class has increased the prospects of first time visitors as well as visiting friends and families (VFR) across world”. As part of the initiative, customers will have access to travel packages covering the new destinations; with 24/7 local customer service and flexible payment options including Mpesa, payment on arrival, and credit cards.. The packages will consist of hotel stays, return flight tickets, tours or excursions upon request and availability. They exclude Visa processing fees, travel insurance, among other activities not mentioned above.. Credit: Lilian Gaitho and edited by Sam O. Abuya

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Travel Packages

**Objective:** To introduce students to the concept of travel packages and their benefits.

**Introduction:** Travel packages are bundles of services offered by travel agents or tour operators that allow customers to book multiple elements of their trip at once. These packages often include accommodation, transportation, meals, and activities at a discounted rate. In this lesson, we will learn about the benefits of travel packages and how they can help make your travel experience more enjoyable and cost-effective.

**Section 1: Understanding Travel Packages**

**Topic 1: Benefits of Travel Packages**

Travel packages offer several benefits to customers, including:

1. Convenience: Travel packages allow you to book multiple services at once, saving you time and effort.

2. Cost savings: By bundling services, travel agents can often offer discounts that individual consumers may not be able to negotiate.

3. Peace of mind: When you book a travel package, you can have peace of mind knowing that all the details have been taken care of by a professional travel agent.

4. Customization: Many travel packages can be customized to meet your specific needs and preferences.

**Topic 2: Types of Travel Packages**

There are several types of travel packages, including:

1. Flight + Hotel: This package includes round-trip airfare and accommodation at a discounted rate.

2. All-Inclusive: This package includes everything from flights and accommodation to meals, drinks, and activities.

3. City Break: This package includes accommodation, transportation, and activities in a specific city or region.

4. Cruise: This package includes transportation, accommodation, and meals on a cruise ship.

**Section 2: Choosing the Right Travel Package**

**Topic 1: Research**

Before choosing a travel package, it's essential to research the following:

1. Destination: Choose a destination that suits your interests, budget, and travel style.

2. Season: Consider the best time to travel to your chosen destination, as this can impact costs and availability.

3. Inclusions: Make sure the package includes everything you need and want.

4. Reviews: Read reviews from other travelers to get an idea of the quality of the package and the provider.

**Topic 2: Budget**

When choosing a travel package, it's essential to consider your budget. Ask yourself the following questions:

1. What is my budget for this trip?

2. How much can I afford to spend on a travel package?

3. Are there any additional costs I should be aware of, such as Visa fees or travel insurance?

**Section 3: Examples of Travel Packages**

**Topic 1: Jumia Travel**

Jumia Travel is an online travel agency that offers a range of travel packages. Here's an example of a package they offer:

- Destination: Dubai
- Duration: 7 days
- Includes: Return flight, accommodation, city tour, desert safari, and daily breakfast
- Price: $1,200 per person

**Topic 2: Expedia**

Expedia is another online travel agency that offers a wide range of travel packages. Here's an example of a package they offer:

- Destination: Hawaii
- Duration: 10 days
- Includes: Return flight, accommodation, car rental, and activities
- Price: $2,500 per person

**Conclusion**

Travel packages offer a convenient and cost-effective way to book your travel experiences. By researching different types of packages and providers, you can find the perfect package that meets your needs and budget. Remember to consider factors such as destination, season, inclusions, and budget when choosing a travel package.

**Glossary:**

- Travel Agent: A company or individual that sells travel products and services, such as flights, hotels, and tours.
- All-Inclusive: A type of travel package that includes everything from flights and accommodation to meals, drinks, and activities.
- City Break: A type of travel package that includes accommodation, transportation, and activities in a specific city or region.
- Cruise: A type of travel package that includes transportation, accommodation, and meals on a cruise ship.
- Visa: A document that allows you to enter and travel within a foreign country.
- Travel Insurance: A type of insurance that covers medical expenses, trip cancellation, and other risks while traveling.

**End of Lesson**


text: A list of puns related to "Limestone". He took her for granite.. it has a lot of sedimental value to me.. It has sedimental value.. And my boss said: "Don't take it for granite". Super Smash Bros.. Limestone! This was made up in the car by my 8 year old son as we were driving home from our Fathers Day outing. Promised I'd share it.. Limestone. Please note that this site uses cookies to personalise content and adverts, to provide social media features, and to analyse web traffic. Click here for more information.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Puns

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
Puns are a form of wordplay that exploit multiple meanings of a term, or of similar-sounding words, for humorous effect. They are often used in jokes and riddles to make people laugh.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
Here is an example of a pun:
- Why did the limestone go to the doctor? Because it had a calcium deficiency!
In this pun, the word "limestone" is used to replace the word "lame stone" which sounds similar. The joke is funny because it plays on the double meaning of "calcium deficiency" - one meaning is lack of calcium in the body, while the other meaning is a serious medical condition.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
Puns can be used in many situations to lighten the mood. For example, if you are giving a speech and want to make the audience laugh, you could use a pun related to the topic of your speech. This will help to engage the audience and make them more receptive to your message.

## Glossary
- Pun: A form of wordplay that exploits multiple meanings of a term, or of similar-sounding words, for humorous effect.
- Jokes: A form of entertainment that uses words and actions to make people laugh.
- Riddles: A game or puzzle that involves using clues to arrive at a solution.

## Conclusion
Puns are a fun way to use language to make people laugh. By understanding the mechanics of puns and how they work, you can create your own jokes and riddles that will entertain others. Whether you are giving a speech, writing a joke for a friend, or just looking for a way to brighten someone's day, puns are a great tool to have in your toolbox.


text: Product 2/5. This product from Doyeah is a unisex style of support tights which are open at the crotch; this means underwear/briefs can be worn over the top of the tights, which makes life easier when you need to go to the bathroom! In common with most Doyeah tights, they come in one size, which will cover heights of 150-185cm (approx 5' 0" - 6' 0") and hips of approx 85 - 110cm (33" - 42"); They are available in six colours; Beige (Skin-tone), Tan, Grey, Brown, Black and White. Black currently out of stock.. If you like these, but prefer a conventional 'closed' crotch, see our new F4L 450 Matt STW tights. Friday 03 July, 2009.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Tights and Their Features

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Tights are a type of clothing that covers the legs and may extend up to the hips. They are usually made of a stretchy fabric like cotton, nylon, or spandex. Tights come in different styles, colors, and patterns. Some tights have a closed crotch, while others have an open crotch. An open crotch means that the tights are designed to be worn over underwear or briefs.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's imagine you are shopping for tights online. You find a pair of tights that you like, but you are not sure if they will fit you properly. The tights have an open crotch, which means you will need to wear underwear or briefs underneath them. You decide to measure your hips and height to determine if the tights will fit you properly.

## Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

Why do some tights have an open crotch while others have a closed crotch? What are the benefits of wearing tights with an open crotch? Are there any drawbacks to wearing tights with an open crotch?

Glossary:
- Tights: A type of clothing that covers the legs and may extend up to the hips.
- Open crotch: A design feature of tights where the fabric is intentionally left open at the crotch to allow for the wearer to wear underwear or briefs underneath.
- Closed crotch: A design feature of tights where the fabric is sewn together at the crotch, leaving no opening for underwear or briefs to be worn.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about tights and their features. We explored the concept of an open crotch and why some tights have this design feature. We also discussed how to determine if a pair of tights will fit properly based on measurements like height and hip size. Finally, we engaged in a self-debating discussion to consider the pros and cons of wearing tights with an open crotch. By understanding these concepts, we can make informed decisions when shopping for tights and other types of clothing.


text: 2791 E Bidwell St Ste 1000, Folsom, CA | Directions 9563038.653487 -121.123716. Su-Th 11am - 10pm. Fri-Sat 10am - 11 pm. Neighborhoods:. Provided by CityGrid. Two Love It size Create Your Own for $ 6. (Ice Cream + 1 mix-in). Ice cream – I am from a different state and in this heat today found these guys. The service was fantastic and everyone was very friendly. I was surprised to find that they had yougurts and sorbets. The raspberry yogurt was so delicious and light. The flavor was so good and refreshing. I was so impressed with the atmosphere and energy in the shop. Great job guys..

textbook:
Lesson: How to Use CityGrid to Find Local Businesses and Services

Introduction:
CityGrid is a website that provides information about local businesses and services in different cities. It is a useful tool for people who want to find nearby restaurants, shops, and other establishments. In this lesson, we will learn how to use CityGrid to find local businesses and services.

Section 1: Understanding CityGrid
- CityGrid is a website that provides information about local businesses and services in different cities.
- It is owned by Google and is available in many countries around the world.
- You can access CityGrid through the web or by downloading the CityGrid app on your mobile device.

Section 2: Using CityGrid to Find Local Businesses and Services
- To use CityGrid, you need to enter the name of the city where you want to find businesses or services.
- Once you have entered the city name, CityGrid will display a list of businesses and services that match your search criteria.
- You can filter the results by category, distance, and rating.
- You can also read reviews and ratings of the businesses and services before you visit them.

Section 3: Practical Examples
- Let's say you want to find a pizza restaurant near your home. You can open CityGrid, enter your city name, select "Pizza" as the category, and choose a distance of 1 mile. CityGrid will display a list of pizza restaurants in your area.
- You can then read the reviews and ratings of each restaurant and choose the one that suits your needs.
- You can also use CityGrid to find other types of businesses and services, such as grocery stores, hair salons, and gyms.

Section 4: Conclusion
In conclusion, CityGrid is a useful tool for finding local businesses and services. By following the steps outlined in this lesson, you can use CityGrid to find the best restaurants, shops, and other establishments in your area. Remember to always read reviews and ratings before visiting a business or service to ensure a positive experience.

Glossary:
- CityGrid: A website that provides information about local businesses and services in different cities.
- Local businesses: Establishments that provide goods or services to the community in which they are located.
- Services: Activities or benefits that people can use or enjoy, usually provided by a business or organization.


text: Indonesia: New Jakarta Airport Rail Link. Add Jakarta to the long list of major cities offering rail transport between the city center and the main airport. The new line is now open, partially, with five stops; the system will add an additional 2 miles next year. Travel time is estimated at about an hour, which is about half of the time it usually takes to drive in this hyper-congested city. Trains operate every 15-30 minutes; the one-way fare is about $7.50.. — Ed Perkins, editor. For more travel tips from Ed Perkins, see our companion site Ed on Travel

textbook:
Lesson: How to Use Public Transportation

Introduction:
Public transportation is an essential part of modern life. It helps people get around quickly and efficiently, reducing traffic congestion and pollution. In this lesson, we will learn about different types of public transportation, how to use them, and the benefits of using them.

Section 1: Types of Public Transportation
There are several types of public transportation, including buses, trains, subways, and ferries. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Bus: Buses are often the most common form of public transportation. They can take you almost anywhere you need to go and are usually very affordable. However, they can be slow and crowded during rush hour.

Train: Trains are faster than buses and can take you longer distances without having to change vehicles. They are also more comfortable and spacious than buses. However, they can be more expensive and may not stop at every station.

Subway: Subways are underground trains that run through major cities. They are fast, efficient, and can take you directly to your destination without having to deal with traffic. However, they can be crowded and may not run all night.

Ferry: Ferries are used to cross bodies of water such as rivers or lakes. They are often slower than other forms of transportation but offer beautiful views and a unique experience.

Section 2: How to Use Public Transportation
Using public transportation can be easy if you follow these simple steps:

1. Plan your route: Before you leave, plan your route using a map or an app like Google Maps. Make sure you know which stop you need to get off at and what time the last train or bus leaves.

2. Buy your ticket: Depending on where you are traveling, you may need to buy a ticket in advance or at the station. Make sure you have enough money or a valid pass.

3. Board the vehicle: When it's time to board, follow the instructions on the screen or listen to the announcement. If you need to transfer, make sure you have enough time before your connection leaves.

4. Stay alert: Keep your belongings close to you and be aware of your surroundings. If you are unsure about something, ask the driver or conductor for help.

Section 3: Benefits of Using Public Transportation
Using public transportation has many benefits, including:

1. Reducing traffic congestion: When more people use public transportation, there are fewer cars on the road, which means less traffic and pollution.

2. Saving money: Public transportation is often cheaper than owning a car, paying for gas, insurance, and maintenance.

3. Being environmentally friendly: Public transportation produces fewer emissions than cars, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution.

4. Exploring new places: Public transportation can take you to new and exciting places that you may not have been able to visit otherwise.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, using public transportation is an excellent way to get around quickly and efficiently. By following these tips, you can enjoy the benefits of public transportation and save money, time, and the environment.