text: Agricultural Leadership, Education & Communication Department. G08-1360 Drinking Water: Copper. Document Type Article. © 2008, The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska on behalf of the University of Nebraska–Lincoln Extension. All rights reserved.. Abstract. Too much copper in the human body can cause stomach and intestinal distress such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramps. This 2008 NebGuide discusses practices to manage copper in a domestic water supply such as one for a home or business.. This paper has been withdrawn.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Copper in Drinking Water

Introduction:
Copper is an essential mineral that our bodies need to function properly. However, consuming too much copper can have negative effects on our health. In this lesson, we will learn about copper in drinking water, its sources, and the risks associated with consuming excessive amounts of it.

Section 1: What is Copper?
Copper is a metal that occurs naturally in the environment. It is commonly found in soil, water, and food. Copper is an essential mineral that plays a role in many bodily functions, including the formation of red blood cells and the maintenance of healthy nerves.

Section 2: Sources of Copper in Drinking Water
Copper can enter drinking water from both natural and man-made sources. Natural sources include the erosion of copper-containing rocks and the leaching of copper from soil into groundwater. Man-made sources include copper pipes and fittings that corrode over time, releasing copper into the water supply.

Section 3: Risks of Excessive Copper Consumption
Consuming too much copper can lead to stomach and intestinal distress, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramps. Long-term exposure to high levels of copper can cause more serious health problems, such as liver and kidney damage.

Section 4: Managing Copper in Drinking Water
There are several practices that can help manage copper levels in a domestic water supply. These include:

1. Using copper-free plumbing materials: Avoid using copper pipes and fittings in your home's plumbing system to reduce the risk of copper contamination.

2. Flushing your water system: Regularly flushing your water system can help remove any accumulated copper from your pipes.

3. Using a water filter: Installing a water filter can help remove copper from your drinking water.

Section 5: Conclusion
Understanding the sources of copper in drinking water and the risks associated with excessive consumption is essential for maintaining good health. By implementing simple practices to manage copper levels in your drinking water, you can reduce the risk of negative health effects.

Glossary:
- Copper: a metal that occurs naturally in the environment and is an essential mineral for our bodies
- Corrosion: the gradual degradation of metal due to oxidation
- Nausea: the feeling of sickness or discomfort in the stomach
- Vomiting: the act of forcefully expelling the contents of the stomach through the mouth
- Diarrhea: frequent and watery bowel movements
- Stomach cramps: painful contractions of the stomach muscles

Self-Debate Discussion:
What are some ways that we can ensure that our drinking water is safe from excessive copper levels?

Answer:
 Some ways to ensure that our drinking water is safe from excessive copper levels include using copper-free plumbing materials, regularly flushing our water system, and installing a water filter. Additionally, we can test our water periodically to check for copper levels and take appropriate actions if they are too high.


text: Steps. When activating tasks, you have several additional options available. Only users with the Sys Admin parameter can activate Tasks and their additional options.. a... b. Task Completed By Assignee Only: If checked, tasks can only be completed by the user they are assigned to, a member of the group they are assigned to or the Sys Admin.. c. Activate Popup Time Entry: If checked, completion of any Task will generate a popup window for the entering of Labor Hours and associated Labor Notes.. The message Parameters successfully updated will display upon completion and Tasks will appear as an option in the Administration Menu.

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Task Management

## Section 1: What is Task Management?
Task management refers to the process of organizing, assigning, and monitoring tasks to ensure that they are completed on time and within budget. It involves breaking down projects into smaller, manageable tasks and tracking progress until the project is completed.

## Section 2: Why is Task Management Important?
Task management is important because it helps individuals and teams stay organized and focused on their goals. It ensures that everyone knows what they need to do and when it needs to be done. This helps to prevent delays and missed deadlines, which can be costly in terms of time and money.

## Section 3: How does Task Management Work?
Task management typically involves the following steps:
1. Defining the scope of the project and breaking it down into smaller tasks.
2. Assigning tasks to team members or individuals based on their skills and availability.
3. Setting deadlines for each task.
4. Monitoring progress and providing feedback and support as needed.
5. Reviewing and evaluating the results to ensure that the project was completed successfully.

## Section 4: Additional Options for Task Management
In addition to the basic steps outlined above, there are several additional options available for task management. These include:
1. Prioritizing tasks based on importance or urgency.
2. Using project management software to automate some of the process.
3. Implementing a system for tracking time and expenses.
4. Conducting regular meetings to review progress and address any issues.

## Section 5: Conclusion
Task management is an essential part of project management. By breaking down projects into smaller tasks and tracking progress, individuals and teams can ensure that projects are completed on time and within budget. With the right tools and techniques, task management can be a powerful tool for achieving success.


text:
Posts

Amanda sits down with guests Aeona, Molly, and Skya to talk about the roots and branches of the intergenerational Pagan community.

Along the way they talk about: Sources, nudism, proselytizers, the history and character of American Paganism, Elspeth Odbert, storytelling, connecting across generations, sharing traditions, intellectual property, creative appropriation, practicing in the Midwest, ritual resources, group dynamics, new and old ideas, change, creativity, circle/group practice and size, Paganism as living myth, the influence of media, Scott Cunningham, being an elder, "big nose" Pagans, titles, hierarchies, and more.

It's February, post-Imbolc, and the cabin fever is running pretty high. Here in Wisconsin, it's been fairly warm, and much of the snow has melted, but it's still grey and chilly and little fun outdoors. We have, however, been keeping reasonably busy, and that chariot will probably keep rolling on for awhile.

We may or may not have a new episode before the end of the month. Recording happens at the end of this week. We're doing a "Generations" episode this time around. Unlike the Pagan Parenting duology, this one is meant to look at generational differences within the (local) Pagan community. It's an assessment based on age.
We've noticed that some older Pagans have different affinities and influences than we have which have drawn them to or kept them on a Pagan path. We're going to explore that a little with some friends of ours. Beyond that, as older Pagans age and eventually pass on, what are we losing in the transition? Who's chronicling th…

If you've seen the old website, then this will be new to you. Yes, we've moved! Since we're just started setting up here, it might be a little messy for awhile.

In the meantime, if you're not subscribed to the podcast through iTunes or getting it through our RSS feed, you can listen to or download all of our past episodes here.

Expect that we'll messing with the design and layout of the site now and then. Currently, we want to commission some more refined artwork for the podcast, as well as some web assets (like a logo). If you're interested, or know anyone, please send us an email.

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson:

Title: Intergenerational Pagan Community

Introduction:

Paganism is a term used to describe a group of religions that are based on nature and the natural world. It is an umbrella term that includes Wicca, Druidism, Asatru, and other earth-centered spiritualities. The Pagan community is diverse and includes people of all ages, backgrounds, and cultures. In this lesson, we will explore the intergenerational Pagan community, its roots, and branches.

Section 1: Roots and Branches of the Intergenerational Pagan Community

The Pagan community has deep roots that can be traced back to ancient civilizations such as Greece, Rome, and Egypt. However, modern Paganism emerged in the early 20th century as a response to the growing industrialization and urbanization of society. People were seeking a connection to nature and the natural world, which they felt was being lost in the process of modernization.

One of the key figures in the early development of modern Paganism was Gerald Gardner, who founded the Wica tradition in the 1950s. Gardner's work laid the foundation for the growth of the Pagan movement, which has continued to evolve and diversify over time.

Section 2: Connecting Across Generations

One of the unique features of the Pagan community is its intergenerational character. Unlike many other religious traditions, Paganism does not have a formal hierarchy or set of beliefs that must be followed. Instead, it is a community of individuals who share a common interest in nature, spirituality, and magic.

Intergenerational Pagan communities are built on the shared experience of practicing Paganism. This can include participating in rituals, studying magic, and exploring the natural world. By connecting across generations, Pagans can learn from each other's experiences and perspectives, and build a stronger, more vibrant community.

Section 3: Sharing Traditions and Creative Appropriation

As Paganism has grown and diversified, so too have the traditions and practices that make up the community. Many Pagans draw on a wide range of sources, including ancient mythologies, folk traditions, and contemporary culture. This can lead to debates about the proper way to practice Paganism and what constitutes "authentic" tradition.

One approach to these issues is creative appropriation, which involves taking elements from different traditions and blending them together in new and innovative ways. While this can be a source of controversy, it can also lead to exciting new forms of Pagan practice that reflect the diverse experiences and perspectives of the community.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the intergenerational Pagan community is a vibrant and diverse group of individuals who share a common interest in nature, spirituality, and magic. By connecting across generations and engaging in creative appropriation, Pagans can build a strong and dynamic community that reflects the richness and complexity of their traditions.


text: .. by taste of peanut protein by the time they are 6 months old, and they should get regular doses if they don't have an allergic reaction. Those at highest risk should be tested in a specialist's office.. "We actually want all children to have peanut introduced," Dr. Matthew Greenhawt, an allergy specialist at Children's Hospital Of Colorado, told NBC News.. It's a big change from previous guidelines, which recommended that people keep peanuts and peanut products away from their kids completely until they are 3 years old if there is a risk of allergies.. This story originally appeared on NBCNews.com. Read the full story here.. Categories: Allergies // Health & Wellness. 'Iron Max' is no ordinary kid.. Social media sites help us stay connected, but for younger teens, the cost of online connectivity can be steep.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Peanut Allergies
Introduction:
Peanut allergies are a common food allergy that affects many people around the world. In this lesson, we will learn about what peanut allergies are, how they develop, and how to prevent them.
What are Peanut Allergies?
Peanut allergies are an immune system reaction to peanuts, a type of legume. When someone with a peanut allergy eats peanuts or comes into contact with them, their body thinks that the peanuts are a threat and produces antibodies to fight off the allergen. This reaction can cause symptoms such as itching, redness, swelling, and difficulty breathing.
How do Peanut Allergies Develop?
Peanut allergies often develop in early childhood, usually before the age of three. It is believed that the immune system mistakenly identifies peanuts as a threat and produces antibodies to fight off the allergen. This is called sensitization. Once the immune system has been sensitized, it can trigger an allergic reaction every time the person eats peanuts or comes into contact with them.
How to Prevent Peanut Allergies
There is no guaranteed way to prevent peanut allergies, but there are some steps you can take to reduce the risk of your child developing one:
1. Introduce peanuts early: Research suggests that introducing peanuts to children as early as four months old may help prevent peanut allergies.
2. Breastfeed: Breastfeeding for at least four months has been shown to reduce the risk of allergies, including peanut allergies.
3. Avoid peanut products during pregnancy: Some studies suggest that avoiding peanut products during pregnancy may increase the risk of peanut allergies in children.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, peanut allergies are a common food allergy that affects many people around the world. They develop when the immune system mistakenly identifies peanuts as a threat and produces antibodies to fight off the allergen. While there is no guaranteed way to prevent peanut allergies, introducing peanuts early and breastfeeding may help reduce the risk.


text: Chapter 2. Sales and Marketing Don’t Always Get Along. The Sales–Marketing Interface is the Key to Strategic Success. As we discussed in the previous chapter, customers in today’s connected and hypercompetitive marketplace do not look to their sellers’ sales and marketing personnel to simply deliver new products and services. Instead, they expect these customer-facing employees to co-create and deliver a differentiated, sustainable value proposition that addresses the core problems they are dealing with in getting a specific job done. Over the years, the roles of sales and marketing personnel have changed. Today’s sales and marketing personnel are increasingly expected to participate in strategic and operational activities, respectively; a far cry .... No credit card required

textbook:
Lesson: Sales and Marketing Don’t Always Get Along. The Sales–Marketing Interface is the Key to Strategic Success.

### Section 1: Introduction
In this lesson, we will explore the relationship between sales and marketing and how they can work together to achieve strategic success. We will discuss the changing roles of sales and marketing personnel and how they can collaborate to create a differentiated value proposition for customers.

### Section 2: The Sales and Marketing Interface
The sales–marketing interface is the point where sales and marketing personnel interact with each other and with customers. This interface is crucial to creating a differentiated value proposition that addresses customers' core problems.

### Subsection 2.1: The Changing Roles of Sales and Marketing Personnel
Over the years, the roles of sales and marketing personnel have changed significantly. Today's sales and marketing personnel are expected to participate in strategic and operational activities, respectively. Sales personnel are expected to understand the customer's business and contribute to the development of a value proposition that addresses their needs. Marketing personnel, on the other hand, are expected to develop and execute marketing campaigns that generate leads and support the sales process.

### Subsection 2.2: Collaboration Between Sales and Marketing
For sales and marketing to work together effectively, they must collaborate closely. This collaboration involves sharing information, ideas, and insights to create a common understanding of the customer and their needs. Sales and marketing personnel must also work together to develop and execute marketing campaigns that generate leads and support the sales process.

### Subsection 2.3: Creating a Differentiated Value Proposition
To create a differentiated value proposition, sales and marketing personnel must collaborate closely. They must work together to understand the customer's needs and develop a solution that addresses those needs. This solution must be unique and compelling, differentiating the company from its competitors.

### Section 3: Conclusion
In conclusion, sales and marketing personnel must work together to create a differentiated value proposition that addresses customers' core problems. By collaborating closely and sharing information, ideas, and insights, sales and marketing can develop a common understanding of the customer and their needs. This collaboration is essential to achieving strategic success in today's connected and hypercompetitive marketplace.

### Glossary
- Sales: The process of selling products or services to customers.
- Marketing: The activity and process of creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.
- Value Proposition: A clear statement that describes the benefit or unique value that a company's product or service offers to customers, and how it meets their needs and preferences.
- Strategic Success: The achievement of long-term goals and objectives through the implementation of effective strategies and tactics.


text:
Part 1 of 5 in the series, Together We Make a Difference, The Advantages of Teamwork in My Life!

Weíre beginning a new series today on teamwork. Learning how and why we need to work harmoniously together with others is a vital part of satisfying and long-lasting relationships. Our lives are better when we work together. Marriage, friendship, on the job, and certainly in the church, learning how to cooperate with others is a tremendous step up to our health and happiness.

Weíre going to begin today with a great spiritual motivation for teamwork Ė Godís desire for us to work together.

God has this intense longing for us to experience the blessings of teamwork. He knows that we wonít lead lives of fulfillment just working on our own and simply working for ourselves. Each one of us is made for something bigger. God made us for teamwork.

A lot of people never realize the value of this concept Ė and thatís sad - because that means they miss out on a great privilege of life.

Weíre going to see that by following Godís instructions each one of us CAN be team players.

We get these specific and practical instructions from an Old Testament prophet named Micah. But first let me give you some background information on Micah.

Several things set Micah apart as a prophet.

First, a lot of the prophets preached to either the Northern Kingdom of Samaria, or to the Southern Kingdom of Judah. Micah preached to both. This is significant since there was a longtime feud between the kingdoms. It shows that Micah knew how to rise above petty human conflicts. It shows that he knew how to work together, even with people who were divisive.

Second, Micah actually prophesied that Bethlehem would be the town in which Jesus would be born. That is a tremendous indication of his accuracy as Godís spokesman. Bethlehem was a tiny hamlet outside of Jerusalem, yet 700 years before Christ was born, Micah precisely predicted that Jesus would be born there! That tells us that we can trust the things this guy says on behalf of God!

Third, Micah was known for being practical, down-to-earth. He talked about faith in a way that let his listeners and readers know what God expects on a day-to-day basis rather than on a Sunday-to-Sunday basis. The message of the Book of Micah is one that calls us to repent of our sins and to live our lives honorably. It calls us to be good people and to live out our faith, not only in how we worship God but also in how we treat other people.

For instance, one of the things Micah talks about is the guilt of Godís people in forsaking God and he warns of Godís loving discipline if the people donít repent. One of the big areas that Godís people had messed up was in personal and social morality. They werenít treating each other properly and, as always, this displeased God. God wants us to treat one another in an excellent manner. He wants us to work together as a team.

textbook:
Part 2 of 5 in the series, Together We Make a Difference, The Advantages of Teamwork in My Life!

Weíre going to look at some advantages of teamwork.

First, letís look at the advantage of synergy. Synergy is when the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. In other words, when people come together and work as a team, they can accomplish more than if each person was working alone.

Secondly, there is the advantage of support. When we work together, we have the support of others who share our vision and our goals. This support can help us overcome obstacles and challenges that we may face.

Thirdly, there is the advantage of creativity. When we work together, we can combine our talents, skills, and ideas to create something new and exciting. This can lead to innovation and progress.

Finally, there is the advantage of accountability. When we work together as a team, we are accountable to each other. This helps us stay focused and committed to our goals.

In summary, there are many advantages to teamwork. By working together, we can achieve more than we ever could on our own. We can overcome challenges, be more creative, and make a greater impact in the world around us.

Part 3 of 5 in the series, Together We Make a Difference, The Advantages of Teamwork in My Life!

Now let's take a look at some practical ways we can put teamwork into action in our daily lives.

First, we can start by looking for opportunities to work with others. This could mean joining a club or organization, volunteering, or simply reaching out to a friend or neighbor.

Secondly, we can practice good communication. This means being open and honest with others, as well as actively listening to their ideas and opinions.

Thirdly, we can show appreciation for the contributions of others. This can be as simple as saying thank you or giving a high five.

Fourthly, we can learn to delegate tasks. This means trusting others to take on responsibilities and allowing them to use their strengths to contribute to the team.

Finally, we can celebrate our successes together. This means taking time to recognize and appreciate the hard work and dedication of everyone involved.

By following these simple steps, we can begin to experience the many benefits of teamwork in our daily lives. Remember, teamwork is not just about working together, it's about working towards something greater than ourselves.

Part 4 of 5 in the series, Together We Make a Difference, The Advantages of Teamwork in My Life!

In conclusion, teamwork is an essential part of living a fulfilling and happy life. By working together with others, we can achieve more than we ever could on our own. We can overcome challenges, be more creative, and make a greater impact in the world around us. So let's embrace the power of teamwork and use it to make a difference in our lives and the lives of those around us.


text: valence-bond method. valence-bond method[′vā·ləns ¦bänd ‚meth·əd]. (physical chemistry). A method of calculating binding energies and other parameters of molecules by taking linear combinations of electronic wave functions, some of which represent covalent structures, others ionic structures; the coefficients in the linear combination are calculated by the variational method. Also known as valence-bond resonance method.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Chemical Bonding

Introduction:
Chemical bonding is an essential concept in chemistry that explains how atoms combine to form compounds. In this lesson, we will learn about the valence-bond method, a technique used to describe the nature of chemical bonds in molecules.

Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

**Topic 1: Valence Shells**
- The valence shell is the outermost electron shell of an atom. It contains the electrons that are involved in chemical bonding.
- Atoms with similar valence shell electron configurations tend to form stable bonds.

**Topic 2: Linear Combinations**
- A linear combination is a mathematical operation that combines two or more quantities by multiplying them together.
- In the valence-bond method, linear combinations of electronic wave functions are used to represent the molecular orbitals of a molecule.

**Topic 3: Variational Method**
- The variational method is a technique used to find the minimum energy configuration of a system.
- In the valence-bond method, the variational method is used to calculate the coefficients in the linear combination of electronic wave functions.

Section 2: Questions and Answers

**Question: What is the valence-bond method?**
**Answer:** The valence-bond method is a technique used in physical chemistry to calculate binding energies and other parameters of molecules by taking linear combinations of electronic wave functions. Some of these wave functions represent covalent structures, while others represent ionic structures.

**Question: How does the valence-bond method work?**
**Answer:** The valence-bond method works by taking linear combinations of electronic wave functions that represent the molecular orbitals of a molecule. The coefficients in the linear combination are calculated using the variational method to minimize the energy of the system.

Section 3: Practical Examples

**Example 1: H2+ Molecule**
- The H2+ molecule has two electrons in its valence shell.
- The valence-bond method can be used to describe the formation of the H2+ molecule by taking a linear combination of the 1s and 2s atomic orbitals of the two hydrogen atoms.

**Example 2: CO2 Molecule**
- The CO2 molecule has four electrons in its valence shell.
- The valence-bond method can be used to describe the formation of the CO2 molecule by taking a linear combination of the 2p atomic orbitals of the carbon atom and the 2p atomic orbitals of the two oxygen atoms.

Section 4: Real-World Scenarios

**Scenario: Formation of Water**
- The formation of water (H2O) involves the bonding between two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
- Using the valence-bond method, we can describe the formation of water by taking a linear combination of the 1s atomic orbitals of the two hydrogen atoms and the 2s and 2p atomic orbitals of the oxygen atom.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the valence-bond method, a technique used to describe the nature of chemical bonds in molecules. We covered theoretical concepts such as valence shells, linear combinations, and the variational method. We also explored practical examples and real-world scenarios to demonstrate the application of the valence-bond method in understanding chemical bonding. By mastering this concept, we can apply our knowledge to predict and understand the behavior of molecules in various chemical reactions and processes.


text: Here at Chic Armature & Generator Products, we specialize in ensuring your vehicle is operating to maximum capacity. We have been servicing Ogden area since 1947. Whether you need help troubleshooting your electrical system to replace or fix your alternator or starter, we have exceptional mechanics that make sure to do a full electrical dialysis and have the right equipment to fix it. Come down to our location to get your vehicle serv!

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Electrical Systems in Vehicles

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about electrical systems in vehicles, including how they work, common issues that can occur, and how to troubleshoot and fix them. This lesson is designed for primary through high school students who want to learn more about automotive electrical systems.

Section 1: Understanding Automotive Electrical Systems

Topic 1: What are automotive electrical systems?
Automotive electrical systems are the components that provide power to the vehicle's accessories and systems. These systems include the ignition, lights, radio, heating and air conditioning, and other features.

Topic 2: How do automotive electrical systems work?
Automotive electrical systems work by converting the energy from the battery into usable electricity for the vehicle's accessories and systems. The battery provides the power to start the engine and keep the electrical systems running while the engine is off. Once the engine is running, it generates its own electricity to power the accessories and systems.

Topic 3: Common issues with automotive electrical systems
Some common issues with automotive electrical systems include dead batteries, faulty wiring, and malfunctioning components. These issues can cause the vehicle's accessories and systems to stop working or function improperly.

Section 2: Troubleshooting and Fixing Automotive Electrical Issues

Topic 1: How to troubleshoot automotive electrical issues
To troubleshoot automotive electrical issues, you need to follow a few steps. First, check the battery to ensure it is charged and not damaged. Next, check the fuses and wiring to see if there are any issues. Finally, test the components and systems to determine if they are functioning properly.

Topic 2: How to fix automotive electrical issues
Once you have identified the issue, you can fix it by replacing the faulty component or repairing the wiring. If the issue is with the battery, you may need to replace it with a new one. It is essential to follow proper safety procedures when working on electrical systems to avoid injury.

Section 3: Real-World Examples of Automotive Electrical Systems

Topic 1: How do alternators work?
Alternators are components of the vehicle's electrical system that generate electricity to power the accessories and systems while the engine is running. They work by converting the mechanical energy from the engine into electrical energy.

Topic 2: How do starters work?
Starters are components of the vehicle's electrical system that help start the engine. They work by receiving a signal from the ignition switch to send an electric current to the starter motor, which turns over the engine.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about automotive electrical systems, how they work, common issues that can occur, and how to troubleshoot and fix them. We also explored real-world examples of how alternators and starters work to provide power to the vehicle's accessories and systems. By understanding these concepts, we can apply them to other areas of automotive repair and maintenance.

Glossary:
- Battery: A component of the vehicle's electrical system that stores energy to power the accessories and systems.
- Fuses: Components that regulate the amount of electricity flowing through the wiring to prevent damage to the components.
- Wiring: The network of cables and connectors that transmit electricity throughout the vehicle.
- Components: The individual parts that make up the vehicle's electrical systems.
- Accessories: Features and systems that enhance the comfort and convenience of driving, such as air conditioning and radio.
- Ignition: The process of starting the engine by sending an electric current to the spark plugs.
- Starter: A component of the vehicle's electrical system that helps start the engine by providing an electric current to the starter motor.


text: Hello everyone –. Today, I’d like to share a tip that is focused around a little round, green button. While I really like this one…. The star of the show today is the round green button on any open window you are using, such as email, your browser of choice, or even the calendar.. Looks like this —->. When you see this green dot on your open program, left mouse click and drag the window to the far right or left of your screen. If you have multiple windows, you will now be able to click on the second window and have a split screen. Even better… slide the black line spitting the two windows where ever you like! 50/50 or maybe 60/40? I tend to use it 75/25 with two web pages open so I can copy/paste or get a quick screen shot (shift+command+4) and use it when writing this blog.. I hope once again that you find this tip useful, and you come to know the full power of OSX Yosemite and all its hidden gems!. Have a great day!. Jeff

textbook:
Core Value: The green button on the open window in OSX Yosemite allows users to split the screen and view multiple windows simultaneously.

Lesson: Splitting the Screen on OSX Yosemite

Introduction: In this lesson, we will learn how to split the screen on OSX Yosemite using the green button on the open window. This feature allows us to view multiple windows simultaneously, making it easier to multitask and increase productivity.

Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Topic 1: What is the green button on the open window in OSX Yosemite?
Answer: The green button on the open window in OSX Yosemite is a feature that allows users to split the screen and view multiple windows simultaneously.

Topic 2: How does the green button work?
Answer: When you see the green button on your open program, left-click and drag the window to the far right or left of your screen. This will create a split screen, allowing you to view two windows side by side. You can then click on the second window and have a split screen, or slide the black line splitting the two windows to your desired percentage.

Section 2: Practical Examples

Topic 1: How can I use the green button to split the screen?
Answer: To split the screen using the green button, follow these steps:
1. Left-click and hold on the green button on the open window.
2. Drag the window to the far right or left of your screen.
3. Release the mouse button to create a split screen.
4. Click on the second window to have a split screen, or slide the black line splitting the two windows to your desired percentage.

Topic 2: How can I use the green button to view multiple windows simultaneously?
Answer: To view multiple windows simultaneously using the green button, follow these steps:
1. Open the windows you want to view simultaneously.
2. Left-click and hold on the green button on one of the open windows.
3. Drag the window to the far right or left of your screen.
4. Release the mouse button to create a split screen.
5. Click on the second window to have a split screen, or slide the black line splitting the two windows to your desired percentage.

Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

Topic 1: Why is the green button helpful?
Answer: The green button is helpful because it allows users to view multiple windows simultaneously, making it easier to multitask and increase productivity. It also saves time by eliminating the need to switch between windows manually.

Topic 2: Are there any limitations to using the green button?
Answer: Yes, the green button only works on certain windows and may not be available on all programs. Additionally, some users may find it difficult to adjust the split screen percentage accurately.

Glossary:
- Green button: A feature on the open window in OSX Yosemite that allows users to split the screen and view multiple windows simultaneously.
- Split screen: A feature that allows users to view two windows side by side on their screen.
- Black line: A horizontal line that separates the two windows when using the split screen feature.

Conclusion: In this lesson, we learned how to split the screen on OSX Yosemite using the green button on the open window. By following the theoretical concepts and practical examples provided, we can increase our productivity and efficiency by viewing multiple windows simultaneously. We also discussed the benefits and limitations of using the green button and defined key terms in the glossary.


text:
Robert Caruso

Robert Caruso is an award-winning director and executive producer of commercials, music videos and branded content.

Early in his career, Caruso co-founded Commotion Pictures, a San Francisco-based film production company, with Andrew Linsk. There, he directed music videos and began his commercial career. In addition, he represented a roster of directors and shared Executive Producer responsibilities. His music industry clients and artists included Warner's Green Day, A&M's Soundgarden, Virgin's John Lee Hooker, Columbia's Public Enemy, and Island's PJ Harvey. Work for ad agency clients included commercial spots for: Sega, Time Warner, Taco Bell, and Levi Strauss. Commotion produced brand films for Pacific Bell, Sega, Crystal Dynamics and others.

After leaving Commotion Pictures, Caruso was recruited to Industrial Light & Magic (ILM), George Lucas's special effects company. With ILM's Commercial Production (ILMCP) division, he directed spots for Coors, DirecTV, Disney, Kraft, Motorola, and Sprint He directed three music video titles for actor/musician Will Smith, winning awards for "Men In Black" and "Will2K". In collaboration with ILM's Academy Award-winning animators and special effects artists, he directed several character animation projects. Robert garnered many industry honors at ILMCP including a Clio, London International Advertising Award, Anicom Animation award, MTV Award, Billboard Magazine Award and Grammy nomination.

Following his work at Industrial Light & Magic Caruso directed through commercial production companies HKM Films and later Rhythm and Hues Studios. Caruso currently works as Director and Executive Producer out of the San Francisco based film production company, Caruso Company.

Caruso's collaborations include film, music, and sports talent - creating memorable work with celebrities, as varied as actors James Earl Jones, Will Smith, Arnold Schwarzenegger, America Ferrera, and Jamie Foxx or sports figures, such as baseball great Hunter Pence, skateboarder Tony Hawk, basketball star Shaquille O'Neal, and hockey legend Wayne Gretzky.

Awards
Grammy Award Nomination Will Smith's "Will2K" music video
1st Place at Anicomm Awards: Hefty "Gingerbread Man" Animation
Finalist Australian Effects & Animation Festival: "Gingerbread Man"
Bronze from Clio Awards: Visual Effects for Hefty "Gingerbread Man"
Gold from London Effects & Animation Festival (LEAF): Hefty "Gingerbread Man"
Best Commercial from London International Advertising Awards: Hefty "Eskimo"
MTV Awards: for Will Smith's Men In Black, music video

Video
Web site of Robert Caruso – carusocompany.tv
Early Green Day music video Co-Executive Producer by Robert Caruso, "Longview"
"Men In Black" music video (director)
"Just Cruisin'" music video, starring Will Smith, (director)

References

Category:Living people
Category:American music video directors
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)

textbook:
Lesson: Robert Caruso - Award-Winning Director and Executive Producer

**Introduction:**

Robert Caruso is an award-winning director and executive producer who has made a name for himself in the world of commercials, music videos, and branded content. In this lesson, we will explore his career and learn about his journey to success.

**Section 1: Early Career and Achievements**

Robert Caruso started his career as a director and co-founder of Commotion Pictures, a San Francisco-based film production company. While there, he directed music videos and began his commercial career. He also represented a roster of directors and shared Executive Producer responsibilities. His clients included well-known artists such as Green Day, Soundgarden, John Lee Hooker, Public Enemy, and PJ Harvey. Caruso's work for ad agency clients included commercial spots for Sega, Time Warner, Taco Bell, and Levi Strauss. Commotion produced brand films for Pacific Bell, Sega, Crystal Dynamics, and others.

**Section 2: Joining ILM and Later Career**

After leaving Commotion Pictures, Caruso was recruited to Industrial Light & Magic (ILM), George Lucas's special effects company. With ILM's Commercial Production (ILMCP) division, he directed spots for Coors, DirecTV, Disney, and others. Caruso's work at ILM earned him multiple awards, including Clio Awards, Lions at Cannes, and an Emmy nomination.

**Section 3: Critical Thinking and Analysis**

Caruso's success in the industry can be attributed to his ability to think critically and analyze situations. As a director, he must be able to visualize the final product and plan out each shot and scene. He also needs to be able to work with a team of creatives, including writers, actors, and crew members, to bring his vision to life. Additionally, Caruso must be able to analyze data and feedback to make informed decisions about the direction of his projects.

**Glossary:**
- **Clio Awards:** These are awards given to advertising campaigns that demonstrate excellence in advertising.
- **Lions at Cannes:** These are awards given at the Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity for excellence in advertising and communications.
- **Emmy Nomination:** This is a nomination for an Emmy Award, which recognizes excellence in television programming.

**Conclusion:**

Robert Caruso's journey to success as an award-winning director and executive producer is a testament to his hard work, dedication, and critical thinking skills. By analyzing data and feedback, planning out each shot and scene, and working collaboratively with a team of creatives, Caruso has been able to create impactful commercials, music videos, and branded content. Through this lesson, we have learned about the importance of critical thinking and analysis in the creative industry and how it can lead to success.


text: Georgia Museum of Art. This $15 million addition and renovation to the existing 1996 museum building results in a new 82,400-square-foot facility. Gluckman Tang’s design consists of three main points of intervention, including an addition of a new gallery wing to the south, a glazed connector linking the existing building and the new wing, and an expansion of the existing building to the north that greatly increased art storage, back-of-house and office space. Additionally, the project included internal renovation of most spaces, galleries and HVAC systems in the existing building. Stanley Beaman & Sears served as architect-of-record for this project.. Year. 2011. Size. 82,400 sf. Location. Athens, Georgia. Go to archive. Photo Credit. David Heald: 1-7

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Architecture

**Section 1: What is Architecture?**
Architecture is the design and planning of buildings, structures, and spaces. It involves creating functional, safe, and aesthetically pleasing environments that meet the needs of people. Architects work with clients to design buildings that serve their purposes while also considering factors such as cost, site location, and environmental impact.

**Section 2: Understanding Architecture**
Architecture can be understood by examining its various elements. These include site analysis, programming, schematic design, design development, construction documents, and construction administration. Each stage involves different aspects of the design process, from conceptualizing ideas to ensuring that the final product meets all necessary requirements.

**Section 3: Practical Examples**
One example of architecture is the Georgia Museum of Art. This museum underwent a $15 million addition and renovation that resulted in a new 82,400-square-foot facility. The design consists of three main points of intervention, including an addition of a new gallery wing to the south, a glazed connector linking the existing building and the new wing, and an expansion of the existing building to the north that greatly increased art storage, back-of-house, and office space. The project also included internal renovation of most spaces, galleries, and HVAC systems in the existing building.

**Section 4: Critical Thinking**
As you learn more about architecture, consider how it impacts the world around us. Think about how buildings are designed to serve their purposes while also considering factors such as sustainability, accessibility, and cultural significance. Consider how architecture can shape our experiences and how it can be used to create positive change in our communities.

**Glossary**
- Architecture: The design and planning of buildings, structures, and spaces.
- Elements: The various components that make up a building or structure.
- Site analysis: The process of evaluating a building site to determine its suitability for construction.
- Programming: The process of determining the needs and desires of a client for a building or structure.
- Schematic design: The initial phase of design where ideas are explored and developed.
- Design development: The phase where the design is refined and details are finalized.
- Construction documents: The phase where plans and specifications are created for construction.
- Construction administration: The phase where the architect oversees the construction process to ensure that the final product meets all necessary requirements.

**Conclusion**
Understanding architecture can help us appreciate the built environment around us. By learning about the design process and the elements that make up a building, we can better understand how architecture shapes our experiences. By applying critical thinking skills, we can evaluate the impact of architecture on our communities and work towards creating positive change through design.


text:
The mapping of descending circuitry that can smoothly and rapidly switch movement from forward to backward is unprecedented, said Chris Doe, a biology professor and co-director of the University of Oregon's Institute of Neuroscience. He was principal investigator on the project, detailed in a paper published Aug. 2 in the journal eLife.

"The big step we've made is that we have a single neuron that both triggers a new behavior and suppresses an antagonistic behavior," said Doe, who also is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator and member of the UO's Institute of Molecular Biology.

"It is even more striking, because these neurons drive the same behavioral switch in larvae and adults, which have completely different motor neurons and modes of locomotion," he said. "Our finding that the same pair of neurons control crawling of a limbless maggot and walking of an adult fly was quite surprising."

Changing directions from forward to reverse is vital to survival for fruit flies. Drosophila larvae die after wasps lay eggs that consume larvae from the inside out. Spiders, ants and beetles eat adult fruit flies. Just how neural circuits trigger smooth switching between antagonistic behaviors is a mystery in most animals, Doe said, but it has been seen in nematodes as well.

The methodology behind the discovery provides a way for scientists to link other direct connections between individual brain neurons and nervous system neurons. Doe's lab already is looking at neurons tied to navigation behavior in fruit flies.

The seven-member research used genetic screening, electron microscopy, optogenetics and manual manipulations in the project. They initially looked generally for as many as 10 behavioral responses, but then focused on forward-backward motion. Fluorescent proteins inserted into larvae and adult flies helped track telltale chemical flows in the circuitry when behavior changed.

The team methodically moved through several steps to identify the two backward-inducing brain neurons, starting with more than 300 neurons and gradually winnowing down the population until the final two neurons were found.

The biggest surprise, Doe said, was realizing that the same pair of neurons in a larva retracted its connection to the suite of muscles during metamorphosis and then re-engaged with the motor neurons for the six legs that control muscles in the adults. In limbless larvae, crawling is done by peristalsis, or contractions.

"Limbed locomotion involves a pattern of motion, legs, that is completely different," Doe said. "All the motor neurons are different in the two stages. Those in larvae are lost in metamorphosis. The brain neuron apparently recognizes this in both systems."

The neuron, Doe said, drove halted forward motion and induced backward motion intensely and continuously. For escape purposes, one behavior must be rapidly inactivated by way of neural communication. Flies and mosquitoes, for instance, can sense a human's swat and change directions to avoid contact. Larvae can recognize and avoid noxious environments like high salt or bright light using backwards locomotion.

"Until now, no one has shown that there is an upstream neuron that can coordinately suppress some behaviors and induce others," he said. "Our study gives other researchers a good example of what they may expect to find. A fly has many behaviors. The idea is to map the neurons and circuits controlling all."

The discovery emerged from basic, or fundamental level, research. Doe has explored the early development of neural stem cells as an HHMI investigator since 1994. About five years ago, his lab began studying neural circuits generating motor behaviors, such as crawling or flying.

Such research, as specific neural networks become better understood, Doe said, potentially could help to improve the precision of human prosthetics. It could also feed into robotics, assuring accurate antagonistic responses for controlling bomb-searching robots or help guide rovers exploring the surfaces on other planets, he said.

###

In addition to Doe, team members were Arnaldo Carreira-Rosario, Aref Arzan Zarin, Matthew Q. Clark and Laurina Manning, all of the UO, and Richard Fetter and Albert Cardona, both of the HHMI's Janelia Research Campus.

HHMI and National Institutes of Health grants primarily funded the research. A Porter Physiology Development Fellowship awarded to Clark in 2015-15 from the American Physiological Society also supported the work.

Note: The UO is equipped with an on-campus television studio with a point-of-origin Vyvx connection, which provides broadcast-quality video to networks worldwide via fiber optic network. There also is video access to satellite uplink and audio access to an ISDN codec for broadcast-quality radio interviews.

textbook:
Lesson: The Dorsal-ventral Gradient and Descending Circuitry in Fruit Flies

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the dorsal-ventral gradient and descending circuitry in fruit flies. We will explore how these components work together to help the fruit fly change direction from forward to reverse, which is essential for survival.

Section 1: The Dorsal-Ventral Gradient

The dorsal-ventral (D-V) gradient is a concentration gradient that runs along the length of the fruit fly's body. It is formed by the presence of different chemicals in the blood that are released by the nervous system. These chemicals create a gradient that helps the fruit fly sense its position in its environment.

Questions:
- What is the dorsal-ventral gradient?
- How does it help the fruit fly sense its position in its environment?

Section 2: Descending Circuitry

Descending circuitry is a group of neurons that connect the brain to the spinal cord. These neurons send signals from the brain to the spinal cord, which then controls the muscles in the body. In fruit flies, these neurons play a crucial role in controlling movement and changing direction from forward to reverse.

Questions:
- What is descending circuitry?
- How do these neurons control movement in fruit flies?

Section 3: The Big Picture

By studying the dorsal-ventral gradient and descending circuitry in fruit flies, scientists have discovered that a single neuron can both trigger a new behavior and suppress an antagonistic behavior. This finding has implications for understanding how the nervous system works in other animals, including humans.

Questions:
- What is the significance of this research for understanding the nervous system in other animals?

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we have learned about the dorsal-ventral gradient and descending circuitry in fruit flies. We have explored how these components work together to help the fruit fly change direction from forward to reverse, which is essential for survival. By studying these components, scientists have made significant discoveries that have implications for understanding the nervous system in other animals, including humans.

Glossary:
- Dorsal-ventral gradient: A concentration gradient that runs along the length of the fruit fly's body, formed by the presence of different chemicals in the blood released by the nervous system.
- Descending circuitry: A group of neurons that connect the brain to the spinal cord, sending signals from the brain to the spinal cord, which then controls the muscles in the body.

[**Note:** This lesson can be adapted for different levels by adjusting the complexity of the language and the depth of the explanations. For primary school students, the lesson can focus on the basic concepts and their applications, while for high school students, the lesson can delve deeper into the scientific research and its implications.]


text: Ghelamco is one of the major international developers and investors in Europe, active in Belgium, Poland, France and Russia. Thirty years of continuous presence in Poland has resulted in more than 1,200,000 sqm of delivered office, residential, retail and warehouse projects. Ghelamco was the first developer in Poland to obtain BREEAM certification and the first to receive the Excellent and Outstanding ratings. Ghelamco was also the first developer in CEE to win an MIPIM Award for Best Office and Business Development – for Warsaw Spire. In total, Ghelamco has won over 50 awards.. Silver Member

textbook:
Lesson: Real Estate Development

## Introduction
Real estate development is the process of transforming land and buildings into something more valuable and useful. It involves creating new structures or renovating existing ones to meet the needs of society. This lesson will teach you about the basics of real estate development, including its history, types, and stages.

## Section 1: History of Real Estate Development

Real estate development has been around for centuries. It began with the construction of simple shelters and evolved into the creation of complex buildings. The first known real estate developers were the ancient Egyptians who built pyramids and temples. In the Middle Ages, European kings and nobles built castles and palaces. Today, real estate development is a multi-billion dollar industry that shapes the world we live in.

## Section 2: Types of Real Estate Development

There are several types of real estate development, including residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional. Residential development includes single-family homes, apartments, condos, and townhouses. Commercial development includes office buildings, shopping centers, hotels, and warehouses. Industrial development includes factories, distribution centers, and research facilities. Institutional development includes schools, hospitals, and government buildings.

## Section 3: Stages of Real Estate Development

Real estate development consists of several stages, including site selection, planning, financing, construction, and marketing. Site selection involves finding a suitable location for the project. Planning involves creating a design and obtaining necessary permits. Financing involves securing funding from investors or lenders. Construction involves building the structure according to the design. Marketing involves promoting the project to potential buyers or tenants.

## Section 4: Conclusion

Real estate development is a fascinating field that shapes our world. By understanding the basics of real estate development, you can appreciate the hard work and creativity that goes into each project. Whether you're interested in becoming a developer or simply want to understand the industry better, this lesson has provided you with valuable information. Remember that real estate development is a continuous process, and new trends and technologies are always emerging. Keep learning and stay updated on the latest developments in this exciting field.

## Glossary
- Real Estate Development: The process of transforming land and buildings into something more valuable and useful.
- Developer: A person or company that invests time, money, and effort into real estate development.
- Site Selection: The process of finding a suitable location for a real estate development project.
- Planning: The process of creating a design for a real estate development project.
- Financing: The process of securing funding for a real estate development project.
- Construction: The process of building the structure according to the design.
- Marketing: The process of promoting a real estate development project to potential buyers or tenants.

## Final Thoughts
This lesson has provided a brief overview of real estate development, including its history, types, and stages. Real estate development is an exciting field that shapes our world and has a significant impact on our lives. By understanding the basics of real estate development, you can appreciate the hard work and creativity that goes into each project. Whether you're interested in becoming a developer or simply want to understand the industry better, this lesson has provided you with valuable information. Remember that real estate development is a continuous process, and new trends and technologies are always emerging. Keep learning and stay updated on the latest developments in this exciting field.


text: The LAFMS team members each have years of professional experience in their respective areas of expertise, dealing with all aspects of the end of relationship including divorce and DP dissolution. The members include a retired Los Angeles Family Court Comissioner, a Certified Family Law Specialist, an expert forensic but neutral accountant, a renowned psychologist, and two outstanding marital family therapists with advanced training in dispute resolution and mediating parenting conflicts. We serve all the cities of Southern California, and are based in Los Angeles and Beverly Hills.

textbook:
**Lesson: How to Resolve Conflicts**

## Introduction
Conflicts are a natural part of life, and they can arise in various situations, including personal and professional relationships. Learning how to resolve conflicts effectively is an essential skill that can help you maintain healthy relationships and achieve your goals. In this lesson, we will explore different methods of conflict resolution and discuss how to apply them in real-world scenarios.

## Section 1: Types of Conflict Resolution
There are several ways to resolve conflicts, and each method has its advantages and disadvantages. The most common types of conflict resolution are:

1. Competing: This approach involves assertiveness and advocacy, where one party tries to win over the other. It works well when there is a clear winner or loser, but it can lead to winners and losers.

2. Collaborating: This approach involves working together towards a common goal or solution. It is effective when both parties want to reach an agreement, but it can be time-consuming and requires good communication skills.

3. Compromising: This approach involves giving up something to get something in return. It is useful when both parties need to make concessions, but it may not result in an ideal solution for either party.

4. Avoiding: This approach involves avoiding conflict altogether by postponing decisions or withdrawing from the situation. While it may prevent further conflict, it can also lead to unresolved issues and resentment.

5. Accommodating: This approach involves sacrificing one's own needs or wants for the sake of the relationship. It can strengthen relationships, but it may not address underlying issues and can lead to resentment.

## Section 2: Applying Conflict Resolution Strategies
Now that we know the different types of conflict resolution, let's look at how we can apply them in real-world scenarios.

1. Competing: Imagine you and your friend both want to see a movie, but you want to see a comedy while your friend wants to see an action film. You can compete by advocating for your choice and trying to convince your friend why your choice is better.

2. Collaborating: Suppose you and your classmates need to decide on a group project topic. You can collaborate by brainstorming ideas together and finding a topic that everyone is interested in.

3. Compromising: If you and your sibling want to watch TV, but you want to watch a drama series while your sibling wants to play video games, you can compromise by watching the first episode of the drama series and then switching to video games.

4. Avoiding: If you and your coworker have different opinions on a work project, you can avoid conflict by agreeing to disagree and focusing on completing the project without discussing your differences.

5. Accommodating: If your friend is upset with you, you can accommodate by apologizing and doing something to make them feel better, even if you don't agree with their perspective.

## Section 3: Critical Thinking
As you practice different conflict resolution strategies, it's essential to think critically about the effectiveness of each approach. Ask yourself questions like:

- What are the pros and cons of each approach?
- Which approach is appropriate for different types of conflicts?
- How can I improve my conflict resolution skills?

## Conclusion
Conflict resolution is an essential skill that can help us navigate personal and professional relationships. By understanding the different types of conflict resolution and practicing them in real-world scenarios, we can develop the tools needed to maintain healthy relationships and achieve our goals. Remember to think critically about the effectiveness of each approach and continue to refine your skills as you encounter new conflicts.


text:
Changes in testis of guinea pig after vasectomy.
Thirty adult guinea pigs were bilaterally vasectomized and subsequently sacrificed at one, three, and six months after operation. Cell counts were performed on five seminiferous tubules from each animal to identify and quantitate changes in spermatogenesis. Forty-three per cent of the animals had alterations in spermatogenesis that were characterized by generalized hypospermatogenesis and presence of multinucleated spermatids. There was a high incidence (93 per cent) of sperm-agglutinating antibodies in the vasectomized group. Sperm antibodies were not detected in the normal and sham-operated animals. Mean testicular weights and seminiferous tubule diameters were significantly reduced in the hypospermatogenic animals. The intersitial tissue of the vasectomized and sham-operated animals was morphologically indistinguishable from that of unoperated animals.

textbook:
Lesson: The Effects of Vasectomy on Guinea Pig Testes

Introduction:
A vasectomy is a surgical procedure that involves cutting or blocking the vas deferens, which is a tube that carries sperm from the testes to the urethra. This procedure is usually done to prevent pregnancy in males who do not want to have children or who have completed their family. In this lesson, we will learn about the effects of vasectomy on the testes of guinea pigs.

Section 1: Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which sperm cells are produced in the testes. In this study, researchers examined the effects of vasectomy on spermatogenesis in guinea pigs. They found that 43% of the animals had alterations in spermatogenesis, which were characterized by a decrease in the number of sperm cells produced and the presence of abnormal sperm cells called multinucleated spermatids.

Questions:
- What is spermatogenesis?
- How does vasectomy affect spermatogenesis in guinea pigs?

Answer:
Spermatogenesis is the process by which sperm cells are produced in the testes. In this study, researchers found that vasectomy affected spermatogenesis in guinea pigs by causing a decrease in the number of sperm cells produced and the presence of abnormal sperm cells called multinucleated spermatids.

Section 2: Sperm Antibodies

Sperm antibodies are proteins that can bind to sperm cells and prevent them from functioning properly. In this study, researchers found that there was a high incidence (93%) of sperm antibodies in the vasectomized group of guinea pigs. However, sperm antibodies were not detected in the normal and sham-operated animals.

Questions:
- What are sperm antibodies?
- How do vasectomy and normal operations affect the presence of sperm antibodies in guinea pigs?

Answer:
Sperm antibodies are proteins that can bind to sperm cells and prevent them from functioning properly. In this study, researchers found that vasectomy caused a high incidence of sperm antibodies in guinea pigs, while normal operations did not affect the presence of sperm antibodies.

Section 3: Testicular Weights and Seminiferous Tubule Diameters

Testicular weights and seminiferous tubule diameters were measured in the guinea pigs after vasectomy. The researchers found that mean testicular weights and seminiferous tubule diameters were significantly reduced in the hypospermatogenic animals (those with altered spermatogenesis).

Questions:
- What are testicular weights and seminiferous tubule diameters?
- How does vasectomy affect testicular weights and seminiferous tubule diameters in guinea pigs?

Answer:
Testicular weights and seminiferous tubule diameters are measures of the size and function of the testes. In this study, researchers found that vasectomy caused a significant reduction in testicular weights and seminiferous tubule diameters in guinea pigs with altered spermatogenesis.

Conclusion:
Vasectomy can cause changes in the testes of guinea pigs, including alterations in spermatogenesis, the presence of sperm antibodies, and reductions in testicular weights and seminiferous tubule diameters. These changes may affect fertility in males who have undergone vasectomy. By understanding the effects of vasectomy on the testes, we can better understand the potential risks and benefits of this procedure.

Glossary:
- Spermatogenesis: The process by which sperm cells are produced in the testes.
- Sperm antibodies: Proteins that can bind to sperm cells and prevent them from functioning properly.
- Hypospermatogenesis: A condition characterized by a decrease in the number of sperm cells produced.
- Seminiferous tubules: The structures in the testes where sperm cells are produced.


text: X. This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this site you agree to our use of cookies. To find out more, see our Privacy and Cookies policy.. Design, fabrication and supply of modular flat packed Steel and GRP gratings and stair treads.. Clair Ridge is the second phase of development of the Clair field which, with an estimated eight billion barrels of oil in place, is the largest undeveloped hydrocarbon resource on the UKCS.. The £4.5bn investment involves two new bridge-linked platforms.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Cookies and their Use in Web Browsing

Introduction:
Cookies are small files that are stored on your computer or mobile device when you visit a website. They are used to store information about your browsing habits, preferences, and other data that can be used to improve your experience on the site. In this lesson, we will explore what cookies are, how they work, and why they are used.

Section 1: What are Cookies?

Cookies are small text files that are stored on your computer or mobile device when you visit a website. They are created by the website's server and contain information about your visit to the site. Cookies are used to store information such as your login details, preferred settings, and other data that can be used to improve your experience on the site.

Section 2: How do Cookies Work?

When you visit a website, the server sends a cookie to your web browser. The browser stores the cookie on your device and sends it back to the server each time you visit the site. This allows the server to recognize your device and retrieve the information stored in the cookie.

Section 3: Why are Cookies Used?

Cookies are used for several reasons, including:

- To remember your login details so you don't have to enter them every time you visit the site.
- To store your preferences, such as your preferred language or font size.
- To track your browsing behavior and preferences, which can be used to personalize your experience on the site.
- To collect data about your visits to the site, which can be used to improve the site's design and functionality.

Section 4: Types of Cookies

There are two main types of cookies: session cookies and persistent cookies.

- Session cookies are temporary and are deleted when you close your web browser. They are used to store information that is needed during your visit to the site, such as your login details.
- Persistent cookies are stored on your device for a longer period of time, ranging from a few weeks to several years. They are used to store information that is needed for multiple visits to the site, such as your preferences and browsing history.

Section 5: Privacy Concerns

While cookies are useful for improving your experience on a website, they can also be used to track your browsing behavior and collect personal information about you. This raises privacy concerns, as your data can be sold to third-party companies for advertising purposes. To protect your privacy, you can adjust your browser settings to block or delete cookies, or use privacy-focused web browsers that do not allow cookies by default.

Conclusion:
Cookies are small files that are stored on your computer or mobile device when you visit a website. They are used to store information about your browsing habits, preferences, and other data that can be used to improve your experience on the site. While cookies can be useful, they can also raise privacy concerns. It is important to be aware of how cookies work and to take steps to protect your privacy online.


text: View Larger Image. During therapeutic antibody development, monoclonal antibody panels are routinely screened for their binding affinities and epitope binding regions. While ELISA assays are sometimes used to perform affinity and epitope binding assays, they remain labor- and time-intensive and can produce highly variable results. Project timelines and workflows may also be adversely affected due to long ELISA assay development times.. In this webinar, industry experts will discuss their use of high-throughput, label-free assays to overcome these challenges in therapeutic antibody characterization, based on the use of the Octet® family of instruments for affinity screening and epitope binning. Details of antibody screening assay design and workflow will be presented, along with discussions of the relative strengths of different assay formats in biopharmaceutical development..

textbook:
Title: High-Throughput Label-Free Assays for Therapeutic Antibody Characterization

### Introduction
In the field of biopharmaceutical development, therapeutic antibodies are an essential tool for treating various diseases. However, during the development process, it is crucial to determine the binding affinity and epitope binding regions of the antibodies. Traditionally, ELISA assays are used for these purposes, but they are time-consuming and labor-intensive, often leading to variable results. To overcome these challenges, many researchers have turned to high-throughput, label-free assays that provide more accurate and efficient results.

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
In this section, we will discuss the basic principles behind high-throughput, label-free assays and how they can be applied to therapeutic antibody characterization. We will also cover the advantages of using these assays over traditional ELISA assays.

**Topic 1: High-throughput, label-free assays**
High-throughput, label-free assays are a type of biochemical assay that does not require the use of any label or tag to detect the presence or concentration of a target molecule. Instead, these assays rely on the measurement of a physical property, such as mass, to determine the interaction between the target molecule and the probe molecule. This approach eliminates the need for complex labeling procedures and reduces the potential for interference or non-specific binding.

**Topic 2: Advantages of high-throughput, label-free assays**
There are several advantages to using high-throughput, label-free assays for therapeutic antibody characterization, including:

- Increased sensitivity: These assays can detect very low concentrations of target molecules, making them ideal for characterizing antibodies with low affinity.
- Reduced background noise: Since there is no need for labels or tags, there is less potential for non-specific binding, resulting in cleaner data.
- Faster results: High-throughput, label-free assays can be performed more quickly than traditional ELISA assays, allowing for faster development timelines.
- Cost-effectiveness: These assays can be performed using less expensive equipment and reagents, making them more cost-effective in the long run.

### Section 2: Practical Examples
In this section, we will explore how high-throughput, label-free assays can be used to characterize therapeutic antibodies. We will focus on two specific applications: affinity screening and epitope binning.

**Topic 3: Affinity Screening**
Affinity screening is the process of determining the binding affinity of a therapeutic antibody to its target antigen. High-throughput, label-free assays can be used to perform these screenings more efficiently and accurately than traditional ELISA assays. For example, the Octet® family of instruments can be used to measure the association and dissociation rates of antibody-antigen interactions, providing valuable information about the binding affinity and kinetics of the interaction.

**Topic 4: Epitope Binning**
Epitope binning is the process of identifying the specific regions on an antigen that are recognized by a therapeutic antibody. This information is crucial for understanding the specificity of the antibody and can be used to guide further development and optimization. High-throughput, label-free assays can be used to map the epitope landscape of an antigen, allowing researchers to identify the specific regions that are recognized by the antibody.

### Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions
In this section, we will engage in self-debating discussions to teach critical thinking. We will explore the trade-offs between high-throughput, label-free assays and traditional ELISA assays, considering factors such as sensitivity, specificity, cost, and development time.

**Discussion 1: Sensitivity vs. Specificity**
One of the main advantages of high-throughput, label-free assays is their increased sensitivity compared to traditional ELISA assays. However, this increased sensitivity can sometimes come at the cost of specificity. In some cases, it may be more important to have a highly specific assay that can accurately distinguish between closely related antigens, even if it means sacrificing some sensitivity. In other cases, it may be more important to have a highly sensitive assay that can detect even low levels of antigen, even if it means sacrificing some specificity. Researchers must carefully consider the specific needs of their project when choosing between these two approaches.

**Discussion 2: Cost vs. Development Time**
Another trade-off to consider when choosing between high-throughput, label-free assays and traditional ELISA assays is the cost of equipment and reagents versus the development time required for each approach. High-throughput, label-free assays can be performed using less expensive equipment and reagents, making them more cost-effective in the long run. However, the initial investment in this equipment can be significant, and the learning curve for using these assays can be steep. On the other hand, while traditional ELISA assays may require more expensive reagents and equipment, they may be easier to set up and perform, potentially saving time in the development process. Researchers must carefully weigh the costs and benefits of each approach to determine which is best for their specific project.

### Glossary
- High-throughput: A term used to describe an assay that can process a large number of samples simultaneously, increasing the speed and efficiency of the analysis.
- Label-free: A term used to describe an assay that does not require the use of any label or tag to detect the presence or concentration of a target molecule.
- Epitope: A specific site or region on an antigen that is recognized by an antibody.
- Binning: The process of identifying the specific regions on an antigen that are recognized by a therapeutic antibody.
- Octet®: A family of instruments used for affinity screening and epitope binning in therapeutic antibody characterization.

### Conclusion
In conclusion, high-throughput, label-free assays offer several advantages over traditional ELISA assays for therapeutic antibody characterization, including increased sensitivity, reduced background noise, faster results, and cost-effectiveness. By using these assays for both affinity screening and epitope binning, researchers can gain valuable insights into the binding properties and specificity of therapeutic antibodies. When choosing between these two approaches, researchers must carefully consider the trade-offs between sensitivity, specificity, cost, and development time to determine which approach is best for their specific project.


text:
The Arcadian Singers

The Arcadian Singers of Oxford (aka The Arcadian Singers) is a student-run chamber choir based in Oxford, England, originally formed in 1976 as a madrigal choir. It is a leading choir in the city and performs a wide range of music.

The choir consists of between 16 and 24 singers, drawn mainly from the students and staff of Oxford University. It performs at least one concert each term in Oxford, and in recent years has released two CDs (Jubilate Agno and Salvator Mundi), recorded in the chapel of Merton College. The choir has also been broadcast on BBC Radio 3, and each year participates in the Easter Liturgy at Ampleforth Abbey as well as tours throughout the UK. In April 2019, the choir celebrated its 25th anniversary of its partnership with Ampleforth Abbey and recorded a crowdfunded CD.

The choir has performed in many venues around Oxford, including college chapels (recently Brasenose College, Exeter College, Hertford College, Keble College, Pembroke College, and University College), the Sheldonian Theatre, the University Church and St Michael at the Northgate. The choir has also sung at St Paul's Cathedral and Westminster Abbey in London.

Jamie Powe is the current director of The Arcadian Singers. Previous conductors have included Christopher Ward and Alexander Campkin. A 40th anniversary concert was held on 30 April 2016 with music by Thomas Tallis (the 40-part Spem in alium composed c.1570), Herbert Howells (his unpublished Requiem of 1932, also performed in 2014) and Oliver Tarney (Magnificat, a 2014 composition) at the Wesley Memorial Church in New Inn Hall Street, Oxford..

The choir has been reviewed by BBC Music Magazine, Cathedral Music, and Choir & Organ. The singer Katherine Jenkins and the conductor James Morgan have performed with the choir, including Cymru Fach on the Anthems for Wales album by Classic FM.

In 2015, the choir organised a national Women Composers Competition with the British composer Cecilia McDowall on the panel.

References

External links
 The Arcadian Singers website

Category:1976 establishments in England
Category:Musical groups established in 1976
Category:Clubs and societies of the University of Oxford
Category:Oxford choirs
Category:University choirs
Category:Early music choirs

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Choral Music

### Section 1: What is Choral Music?

Choral music is a type of music that is performed by a group of singers called a choir. The singers may be accompanied by instruments or sing without any instrumental accompaniment. Choral music can be found in many different cultures and traditions, and it has been a part of human history for thousands of years.

### Section 2: How is Choral Music Structured?

A typical choral piece is composed of several parts, including an introduction, verses, a chorus, and a finale. The introduction sets the tone for the piece and introduces the main theme. The verses are usually sung by soloists or small groups of singers, while the chorus is sung by the entire choir. The finale brings the piece to a close with a final statement of the main theme or a resolution of the musical material.

### Section 3: Types of Choral Music

There are many different types of choral music, including sacred, secular, a cappella, and accompanied. Sacred choral music is often associated with religious ceremonies and includes hymns, motets, and masses. Secular choral music is not associated with religion and includes art songs, folk songs, and popular music. A cappella music is sung without any instrumental accompaniment, while accompanied music is sung with the assistance of instruments such as piano, organ, or orchestra.

### Section 4: How to Listen to Choral Music

To appreciate choral music, it is essential to listen carefully to the voices of the singers. Pay attention to the balance between the individual voices and the choir as a whole. Notice how the melody is shared among the singers and how the harmony is created. Also, listen for the dynamics, or changes in volume, and the expression in the singing.

### Section 5: Conclusion

Choral music is a beautiful and complex art form that requires dedication and skill from both the singers and the composers. By understanding the structure and types of choral music, you can enjoy and appreciate this musical genre more fully.


text: Where we do it. Our global network has three hubs: Barcelona, Lisbon and Vienna. According to the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, there are currently 6.500 to 7.000 languages which are spoken worldwide. CM Creative doesn’t compete with the 100 dialects of Papua New Guinea, but we constantly work in the world’s most spoken languages: English, Spanish, Portuguese, French and German.. The same applies for the markets we serve. CM Creative can assist you simultaneously in several countries or continents, covering essentially Europe and Latin America. We have already worked for start-ups, SMEs and global enterprises in the following countries:

textbook:
Lesson: Language and Translation

Introduction:
Language is a fundamental aspect of human life. It is a tool that we use to communicate our thoughts, ideas, and feelings. However, not everyone speaks the same language, and this can lead to misunderstandings and barriers between people. That's where translation comes in.

Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is that language and translation are essential tools for overcoming barriers and facilitating communication between people from different cultures and backgrounds.

Section 1: Understanding Language
- What is language?
- Why do we need language?
- How many languages are there in the world?
- What are some examples of languages?

Section 2: The Role of Translation
- What is translation?
- Why is translation important?
- What are some common types of translation?
- What are some challenges of translation?

Section 3: Practical Examples of Translation
- How does translation help in business?
- How does translation help in travel?
- How does translation help in education?
- How does translation help in diplomacy?

Glossary:
- Language: A system of communication using words and symbols.
- Translation: The process of converting text from one language to another.
- Dialect: A variety of a language that is specific to a particular region or social group.

Conclusion:
In today's interconnected world, language and translation are essential tools for overcoming barriers and facilitating communication between people from different cultures and backgrounds. By understanding the role of translation and its practical applications, we can better navigate a world that is increasingly diverse and complex.


text: Frilli Gallery is the official partner of the Opera di Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence.. The Frilli Gallery has produced the replicas of the bronze doors to the Florence Baptistery.. It has also lent two panels' replicas from the Gates of Paradise and the North Door, which are now part of the blind path of the Opera del Duomo Museum.. Among the various partnership there are:. with the city of Ningbo – China, in occasion of the twinning between Ningo City and Florence, the Frilli Gallery has replicated the sculpture of Dantefather of the Italian language, bringing it from Santa Croce – Florence, in front of the national public library of Ningbo.. With the Nelson Atkins Museum of Kansas City, for which it made it possible to acquire the very last replica of the Gates of Paradise produced from the moulds taken on the original work of art.. Since many years, the Frilli Gallery collaborates with the Four Seasons Hotel and the Palazzo Tornabuoni where it exhibits its sculptures of classic and contemporary art.

textbook:
Lesson Title: Partnerships and Collaborations in the Art World

Introduction:
The art world is full of partnerships and collaborations that help artists, galleries, and museums achieve their goals. In this lesson, we will explore some of these partnerships and collaborations, including the Frilli Gallery's partnership with the Opera di Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence.

Section 1: Understanding Partnerships and Collaborations

Topic 1: What are partnerships and collaborations?
- A partnership is an agreement between two or more parties to work together towards a common goal.
- A collaboration is a joint effort between two or more individuals or organizations to achieve a shared objective.

Topic 2: Why do partnerships and collaborations matter in the art world?
- Partnerships and collaborations allow artists, galleries, and museums to reach a wider audience and share their work with others.
- They can also lead to new opportunities, such as exhibitions, residencies, and commissions.
- Partnerships and collaborations can also help artists and organizations gain recognition and credibility in the art world.

Section 2: Examples of Partnerships and Collaborations in the Art World

Topic 1: The Frilli Gallery's Partnership with the Opera di Santa Maria del Fiore
- The Frilli Gallery is the official partner of the Opera di Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence.
- This partnership has allowed the Frilli Gallery to produce replicas of the bronze doors to the Florence Baptistery and lend two panels' replicas from the Gates of Paradise and the North Door, which are now part of the blind path of the Opera del Duomo Museum.

Topic 2: Other Examples of Partnerships and Collaborations in the Art World
- The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Google have collaborated to create the "Art Project," which allows people to view and explore high-resolution images of over 300 works of art from the Met's collection.
- The Whitney Museum of American Art has partnered with the software company Adobe to create the "Adobe Creative Residency," which provides artists with access to Adobe's creative software and resources.

Section 3: Applying Partnerships and Collaborations in the Art World

Topic 1: How can artists and organizations benefit from partnerships and collaborations?
- Partnerships and collaborations can provide artists and organizations with new opportunities, such as exhibitions, residencies, and commissions.
- They can also help artists and organizations gain recognition and credibility in the art world.

Topic 2: How can artists and organizations find potential partners and collaborators?
- Networking is a great way to find potential partners and collaborators.
- Attending art events, such as gallery openings, museum exhibitions, and artist talks, can provide opportunities to meet other artists and professionals in the art world.
- Social media platforms, such as Instagram and Twitter, can also be useful for finding potential partners and collaborators.

Conclusion:
Partnerships and collaborations are essential in the art world, as they provide artists, galleries, and museums with new opportunities and exposure. By understanding the benefits of partnerships and collaborations and learning about successful examples in the art world, artists and organizations can work together to achieve their goals and make a difference in the art world.

Glossary:
- Partnership: An agreement between two or more parties to work together towards a common goal.
- Collaboration: A joint effort between two or more individuals or organizations to achieve a shared objective.
- Art world: The community of artists, galleries, museums, collectors, and enthusiasts involved in the creation, appreciation, and marketing of art.
- Credibility: The quality of being trustworthy, reliable, and believable.


text: . - $ 159.99. - $ 34.99. - $ 31.99 to $ 48.74Reg: $ 39.99 to $ 64.99. - $ 21.99. - $ 3.99 to $ 5.59Reg: $ 4.99 to $ 6.99. - $ 6.99 to $ 24.99. - $ 3.99Reg: $ 4.99. - $ 6.74 to $ 8.24Reg: $ 8.99 to $ 10.99. - $ 13.99. - $ 6.99Reg: $ 9.99. - $ 6.99Reg: $ 9.99. - $ 14.99

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Discounts and Savings

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about discounts and savings. We will cover the following topics:

1. What is a discount?
2. How to calculate discounts?
3. Types of discounts
4. Examples of discounts and savings

What is a discount?
A discount is an amount of money that is taken off the original price of something. This is usually done to encourage people to buy more or to sell products that are not selling well.

How to calculate discounts?
To calculate a discount, you need to know the original price (also called the regular price or full price) and the discount amount. You can calculate the discount by subtracting the discount amount from the original price.

Types of discounts
There are several types of discounts, including:

1. Percentage discount: This is a discount that is expressed as a percentage of the original price. For example, if an item costs $100 and has a 10% discount, the discount would be $10 (10% of $100).

2. Dollar discount: This is a discount that is expressed in dollars and cents. For example, if an item costs $100 and has a $20 discount, the discount would be $20.

3. Quantity discount: This is a discount that is given when you buy a certain quantity of items. For example, if you buy 3 or more of an item, you may get a 10% discount.

Examples of discounts and savings
Let's look at some examples of discounts and savings:

1. If you buy a shirt that costs $20 and has a 20% discount, the discount would be $4 (20% of $20). So, you would pay $16 for the shirt.

2. If you buy a book that costs $10 and has a $2 discount, the discount would be $2. So, you would pay $8 for the book.

3. If you buy 3 or more pairs of shoes that cost $50 each, you may get a 10% discount. This means that you would pay $45 for each pair of shoes instead of $50.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about discounts and savings. We covered what a discount is, how to calculate discounts, and the different types of discounts. We also looked at some examples of discounts and savings. By understanding discounts and savings, we can make better decisions when buying products and save money.


text: Marcia Moran Ridge Tourmaline Necklace. Marcia Moran Ridge Tourmaline Gold Necklace. Simple yet dramatic, this long pendant necklace is the quickest way to turn your tee-shirt & jeans into a look. Born & raised in Brazil Marcia Moran is one of our favorite fashion jewelry designers. In her 14th year of creating stunning works of wearable art, Marcia's unique, handcrafted creations are classic elegance with a playful flair.. Was: $155.00. Now: $77.50. Metal: 18k gold plated. Gemstone: tourmaline. Length: 34 inches longs. Designed & Inspired in Brazil

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Fashion Jewelry

## Section 1: What is Fashion Jewelry?
Fashion jewelry refers to accessories made of precious metals, gemstones, or other materials that are designed to complement and enhance an outfit. These pieces are often lightweight, affordable, and easy to wear, making them popular among people of all ages and backgrounds.

## Section 2: Types of Fashion Jewelry
There are many types of fashion jewelry, including necklaces, bracelets, earrings, rings, and brooches. Each type has its own unique style and can be made from a variety of materials, such as gold, silver, diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds, and more.

## Section 3: How to Choose the Right Fashion Jewelry
When choosing fashion jewelry, there are several factors to consider. First, think about the outfit you will be wearing and choose pieces that will complement it. Next, consider the occasion and the formality level. Finally, take into account your personal style and preferences.

## Section 4: Caring for Your Fashion Jewelry
To keep your fashion jewelry looking its best, it's important to care for it properly. Avoid exposure to water, lotions, and chemicals, and store your pieces in a safe place when not in use. Clean your jewelry regularly with a soft cloth to remove dirt and grime.

## Glossary
- Precious metals: Metals that are valuable due to their scarcity and beauty, such as gold, silver, and platinum.
- Gemstones: Precious stones that are used in jewelry, such as diamonds, rubies, sapphires, and emeralds.
- Accessories: Items that are used to enhance or complete an outfit, such as necklaces, bracelets, earrings, rings, and brooches.

## Conclusion
Fashion jewelry is a fun and affordable way to express your personal style and add a touch of elegance to any outfit. By understanding the different types of jewelry, how to choose the right pieces, and how to care for them, you can enjoy your fashion jewelry for years to come.