text: Library Resource. Policy Papers & Briefs. December, 2014. Cambodia. This brief considers the current state and practice of dispute resolution mechanisms in Cambodia, which have been formed to address land disputes and conflicts. The first section introduces land rights abuses in the context of economic land concessions and land grabs, and discusses the relevance for studying land dispute resolution mechanisms in Cambodia. The second section describes the five main dispute resolution mechanisms and the jurisdiction of each mechanism depending on the type of land dispute involved.

textbook:
Lesson: Land Dispute Resolution Mechanisms in Cambodia

Introduction:
Land disputes are common all over the world. In this lesson, we will learn about the different dispute resolution mechanisms in Cambodia that help people resolve their land disputes. We will also learn about the different types of land disputes and how they can be resolved.

Section 1: Land Rights Abuses in Cambodia
Land rights abuses refer to situations where people are denied access to land that they have a right to use or own. In Cambodia, land rights abuses are common, especially in the case of economic land concessions and land grabs. These occur when companies or individuals take land from people without their consent or compensation. This often happens in rural areas where people rely on farming for their livelihoods.

Section 2: Dispute Resolution Mechanisms in Cambodia
There are several dispute resolution mechanisms in Cambodia that people can use to resolve their land disputes. These mechanisms include:

1. Informal mediation: This is a process where a neutral third party helps both parties in a dispute come to an agreement. It is often used in rural areas where people know each other and trust is high.

2. Formal mediation: This is similar to informal mediation but is conducted by trained mediators who are appointed by the government.

3. Arbitration: This is a process where a neutral third party listens to both sides of a dispute and makes a decision that is binding on both parties.

4. Litigation: This is a process where people take their disputes to court. In Cambodia, there are both civil and criminal courts that people can use to resolve their land disputes.

5. International arbitration: This is a process where people take their disputes to an international court or arbitration panel.

Section 3: Types of Land Disputes
Land disputes can be categorized into different types based on the nature of the dispute. These include:

1. Registration disputes: These occur when people have different opinions about who owns a piece of land.

2. Boundary disputes: These occur when people disagree about where the border between their land is.

3. Use disputes: These occur when people disagree about what activities can be carried out on a piece of land.

4. Access disputes: These occur when people disagree about whether they have the right to access a piece of land.

Section 4: Conclusion
In conclusion, land disputes are common in Cambodia, and there are several dispute resolution mechanisms that people can use to resolve their land disputes. It is important to understand the different types of land disputes and the mechanisms available to resolve them. By studying these mechanisms, we can better understand how to prevent and resolve land disputes in the future.

Glossary:
- Economic land concessions: These are areas of land that are given to companies or individuals for economic development purposes.
- Land grabs: These occur when companies or individuals take land from people without their consent or compensation.
- Informal mediation: This is a process where a neutral third party helps both parties in a dispute come to an agreement.
- Formal mediation: This is similar to informal mediation but is conducted by trained mediators who are appointed by the government.
- Arbitration: This is a process where a neutral third party listens to both sides of a dispute and makes a decision that is binding on both parties.
- Litigation: This is a process where people take their disputes to court.
- International arbitration: This is a process where people take their disputes to an international court or arbitration panel.


text:
The most significant problem, however, is one of educational opportunity. This transportation plan, coupled with the new student assignment system, will force some families to choose between the school to which they want to send their child and their child’s safety getting there and back. This is a choice no parent should have to make.

This plan requires budget approval by the Boston City Council, and several councilors have raised significant concerns about its shortfalls. Since the MBTA is not planning to increase service, T riders may find themselves acting as de facto chaperones on more crowded buses, trains, and subway platforms.

The Boston Public Schools system plans to eliminate bus service for its seventh and eighth grade students next year. Instead of boarding school buses, 4,500 12- and 13-year-olds will receive passes to ride the MBTA to school.

Parents rightly fear their children would risk increased exposure to bullying, harassment, and violence on public transportation. City Councilor Tito Jackson, for example, has said he has broken up after-school fights between youths at Dudley Station. And there are tragic examples of more serious violence on the T. In 2012, a man in his 20s was fatally stabbed exiting a bus near the Dudley library in mid-afternoon.

While all seventh and eighth graders would be affected by this plan, our most vulnerable students will feel the greatest burden. Residentially, Boston is a racially and socioeconomically segregated city. The majority of BPS students are children of color living in Roxbury, Dorchester, and Mattapan, neighborhoods with the highest concentrations of poverty in the Commonwealth. The new student assignment plan was intended to give students more options for attending high-performing schools closer to home. However, children in high-poverty neighborhoods must travel much farther than children in more affluent areas to attend a high-performing school (due in no small part to the district’s school closure decisions), often through areas with comparatively higher crime rates.

Asking these students to rely on public transit puts them at unnecessary risk. This risk is not alleviated by the promising attendance statistics on middle schoolers currently riding the T. Many of these students attend Boston Latin or Latin Academy, often using “supplemental” MBTA buses that bring them right to the school’s door. Nor is the risk limited by simply placing more police on the T. MBTA police should not serve as after-school disciplinarians of adolescents, not when a first-time arrest doubles the odds that a student will drop out of school.

BPS representatives have said that other major cities, including Chicago, rely on public transportation for their students. But last December a 15-year-old in Chicago was raped and beaten while walking to a bus stop. Violence on school routes is so bad that the state is trying to impose busing on certain routes so that children can get to school safely. Chicago represents a failed experiment, not a model for Boston.

Last month was the 60th anniversary of Brown v. Board of Education. In filing Brown, parents fought to secure a quality education for their children, which was being denied them in “separate but equal” schools. Boston’s transportation plan creates a new barrier between low-income families and high-quality schools: their child’s safety. Forcing families to choose between school quality and student safety will only serve to further separate our children into racially isolated schools as families opt to keep their students close to home rather than send them on the T.

The City Council has the opportunity to stop this plan from going forward. If it values the safety of Boston’s children, it must reject the BPS budget proposal. BPS estimates its transportation plan will help save $8 million amid $107 million in cuts. Our children’s well-being is worth far more than this.

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson: Transportation Safety for Students

Introduction:
Transportation is an essential part of our daily lives, especially for students who need to get to school safely. However, there are concerns about the safety of students when they use public transportation. In this lesson, we will explore the challenges that students face when using public transportation and learn about ways to improve their safety.

Section 1: The Problem
The most significant problem for students is educational opportunity. When students have to choose between the school they want to attend and their safety, it becomes difficult for them to focus on their studies. Additionally, some parents may have to act as chaperones on crowded buses or trains, which takes away from their ability to support their children's education.

Section 2: The Solution
To address these concerns, schools can work with local authorities to improve transportation safety. This may include increasing the frequency of buses or trains during peak hours, providing additional security personnel on public transportation vehicles, and implementing anti-bullying policies. Schools can also partner with community organizations to provide safe walking routes for students.

Section 3: Practical Examples
One practical example of improving transportation safety is the city of Boston's plan to eliminate bus service for seventh and eighth-grade students. Instead, these students will receive passes to ride the MBTA to school. While this may seem like a cost-saving measure, it could put students at risk of harassment and violence on public transportation. To address this issue, schools can provide training on how to stay safe while riding the MBTA and work with the transit authority to ensure that there are enough security personnel on board.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, transportation safety is a critical issue for students. By understanding the challenges that students face when using public transportation, we can work towards finding solutions that prioritize their safety. This may include improving the frequency of buses or trains during peak hours, providing additional security personnel on public transportation vehicles, implementing anti-bullying policies, and providing safe walking routes for students. By taking these steps, we can help ensure that students can focus on their studies without worrying about their safety.

Glossary:
- Public transportation: A group of vehicles (buses, trains, etc.) that provide transportation services to the general public.
- Bullying: The use of force, threat, or coercion to intimidate or dominate others.
- Harassment: The act of systematically and chronically inflicting pain or discomfort on an individual or group.
- Violence: The use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community.


text: 38mm stainless steel pipe We maintain a distribution network of 38mm stainless steel pipe and other products of Honghai Stainless Steel Pipe throughout most parts of the world and consistently expand staff of devoted sales representatives to compensate for the growing geographic market area.. HHGG 38mm stainless steel pipe The 38mm stainless steel pipe is a product developed by Zhejiang Honghai Steel Pipe Manufacturing. 20 inch steel pipe,steel pipe t,carbon seamless steel pipe.

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Stainless Steel Pipes

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Stainless steel pipes are a type of pipe that is made from stainless steel. Stainless steel is an alloy of iron, chromium, and other elements, which makes it resistant to corrosion and rust. This property makes stainless steel pipes ideal for use in various industries such as oil and gas, chemical processing, and water treatment.

In this lesson, we will learn about the different types of stainless steel pipes, their properties, and applications.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's consider an example where a company needs to transport hot water from one location to another. They have two options: using regular steel pipes or stainless steel pipes. Which one should they choose?

If the water is highly corrosive or contains chemicals that can cause rust, then stainless steel pipes would be the best option. This is because stainless steel is resistant to corrosion and rust, making it ideal for transporting corrosive substances.

However, if the water is clean and does not contain any corrosive substances, then regular steel pipes would be a more cost-effective option. This is because stainless steel pipes are more expensive than regular steel pipes.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

One real-world application of stainless steel pipes is in the food industry. Stainless steel pipes are used to transport food products such as milk, juice, and water from one location to another. This is because stainless steel is a non-reactive material, meaning that it does not contaminate the food product.

Another real-world application is in the chemical industry. Stainless steel pipes are used to transport highly corrosive chemicals without causing damage to the pipe or contaminating the chemicals.

## Glossary

- Stainless steel: A type of steel alloy that contains at least 10.5% chromium, which makes it resistant to rust and corrosion.
- Pipe: A hollow cylindrical object that is used to convey fluids and gases from one location to another.
- Corrosion: The gradual degradation of metal due to chemical reactions with its environment.
- Rust: The reddish-brown flaky coating that forms on the surface of iron and steel as a result of corrosion.

## Conclusion

In conclusion, stainless steel pipes are an essential component in various industries due to their ability to resist corrosion and rust. By understanding the theoretical concepts, practical examples, and real-world scenarios, we can apply our knowledge to new problems and make informed decisions when selecting the appropriate type of pipe for a specific application.


text: C106SL Ceramic Fiber Tape. Description:. FirewheelRef no. C106SL is a woven fabric made of our high quality ceramic fiber yarns. It can be used for high temperature applications up to 650° C. The tape is reinforced with fiberglass filament, and optional stainless steel wire. It contains a certain amount of binder material which is normally burned at lower temperature and does not affect the insulation property. The drop warp weave structure allows operator to slide the tape over bolts or studs with ease.. Application:.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Ceramic Fiber Tapes

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Ceramic fiber tapes are made of high-quality ceramic fibers that are woven together to form a strong and durable material. This material is used in high-temperature applications because it has excellent thermal insulation properties. In this lesson, we will learn about the properties of ceramic fiber tapes and how they are used in various industries.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's consider an example where ceramic fiber tapes are used in the manufacturing industry. A company produces ceramic parts that need to be heated to very high temperatures during the firing process. To protect the workers and equipment from the intense heat, the company uses ceramic fiber tapes as insulation. The tapes are placed around the kiln to prevent heat from escaping and causing a hazardous environment.

## Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

One debate surrounding the use of ceramic fiber tapes is the environmental impact of their production. Some argue that the manufacturing process releases harmful chemicals into the air, which can harm the environment. Others counter that the benefits of using ceramic fiber tapes, such as their ability to withstand high temperatures, outweigh the negative impact of their production. What do you think?

## Glossary

- Ceramic fiber: A material made from ceramic particles that are bonded together to form a strong and lightweight material.
- Insulation: A material that is used to prevent the flow of heat or electricity.
- Thermal insulation: A type of insulation that is designed to reduce heat transfer between two objects or environments.
- High-temperature application: An application that requires materials to withstand temperatures above 400° C.

## Conclusion

In this lesson, we learned about ceramic fiber tapes and their properties. We also explored an example of how these tapes are used in the manufacturing industry. Finally, we engaged in a self-debating discussion about the environmental impact of their production. By understanding the principles behind ceramic fiber tapes and their practical applications, we can apply this knowledge to other areas of study and problem-solving.


text:
L1: Introduction and Basics

L2b: Course Logistics

L3: Memory Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities

L6b: Computation in Memory

L7: Computation in Memory II

L8: Computation in Memory III

L11a: The DRAM Latency PUF

L11b: D-RaNGe: True Random Number Generation with Commodity DRAM

L11c: Voltron: Reduced-Voltage Operation of Commodity DRAM Devices

L11d: Eden: Energy-Efficient High-Performance DNN Inference with Approximate DRAM

L12a: EIN: Understanding and Modeling Error Correction in DRAM

L12b: SoftMC: Flexible and Open-source Memory Controller

L12c: CROW: Improving DRAM Performance and Energy Efficiency Using Copy Rows

L12d: SMASH: Hardware-software Co-design for Sparse Matrix Compression

L13b: Memory Interference and Quality of Service

L14: SIMD Processors and GPUs

L15: Memory Interference and Quality of Service II

15.11

Fri.

textbook:
# Lesson 1: Introduction and Basics

In this lesson, we will learn about the basics of memory systems and their role in modern computing. We will cover the following topics:

1. What is memory?
2. Types of memory
3. Memory hierarchy
4. Memory management
5. Memory performance metrics

**What is memory?**

Memory is a hardware component that stores data temporarily while the computer processes it. It is a fast storage device that allows the CPU to access data quickly and efficiently. Memory is essential for modern computing because it enables programs to run faster and perform complex tasks.

**Types of memory**

There are two main types of memory: primary and secondary. Primary memory is the main memory of a computer, which includes RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read-Only Memory). Secondary memory includes storage devices such as hard drives, solid-state drives, and external storage devices.

**Memory hierarchy**

The memory hierarchy refers to the organization of memory devices based on their speed, capacity, and cost. At the top of the hierarchy are fast, expensive, and small memory devices such as cache and registers. At the bottom of the hierarchy are slower, larger, and cheaper memory devices such as hard drives and external storage.

**Memory management**

Memory management is the process of managing and controlling the use of memory in a computer system. It involves allocating and deallocating memory space, tracking memory usage, and providing protection mechanisms to prevent memory errors.

**Memory performance metrics**

Memory performance is measured by several metrics, including:

1. Bandwidth: The amount of data that can be transferred between the memory and the CPU per unit of time.
2. Latency: The time it takes for a memory request to complete.
3. Throughput: The number of memory operations that can be performed per unit of time.
4. Power consumption: The amount of electrical power used by the memory system.

**Exercises**

1. What is the difference between primary and secondary memory?
2. Why is memory management important?
3. What are some common memory performance metrics?

**Answer Key**

1. Primary memory is volatile, while secondary memory is non-volatile.
2. Memory management is important because it ensures that the computer has enough memory to perform tasks without running out of resources or crashing.
3. Common memory performance metrics include bandwidth, latency, throughput, and power consumption.


text: Need more list flexibility?. Join HEB.com today to start managing multiple shopping lists and sharing wish lists with friends and family. See All Items On This List. Conditioner in its birthday suit. A clean conditioner infused with mint extracts to help give hair fresh, luscious volume. Free of silicone and parabens. For girls who want to revive their hair with a natural, uplifting conditioner that will nourish from root to tip.. Comb into wet hair after rinsing out Naked Volume Shampoo and rinse thoroughly.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Shopping Lists and Wish Lists

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
In this lesson, we will learn about shopping lists and wish lists and how they can help us manage our daily lives. A shopping list is a list of items that you need to buy from the store. A wish list is a list of items that you would like to have but do not necessarily need to buy right away. Both types of lists can help you stay organized and save time when you go grocery shopping.

## Section 2: Questions and Answers
**Question:** What are some benefits of using a shopping list?
**Answer:** Using a shopping list can help you save time and money by ensuring that you only buy what you need. It can also help you avoid impulse buying and stick to your budget.

**Question:** How can I create a shopping list?
**Answer:** You can create a shopping list by making a list of all the items you need to buy before you go to the store. You can use a pen and paper, a computer program, or even a mobile app to create your list.

## Section 3: Definitions and Examples
**Definition:** A shopping list is a list of items that you need to buy from the store.

**Example:** If you are going to make dinner for your family, you might add items like chicken, vegetables, rice, and spices to your shopping list.

**Definition:** A wish list is a list of items that you would like to have but do not necessarily need to buy right away.

**Example:** If you are looking for a new pair of shoes, you might add them to your wish list instead of buying them immediately.

## Section 4: Practical Examples
Let's say you are going to make dinner for your family tonight. You could create a shopping list of items you need, such as chicken, vegetables, rice, and spices. Once you have everything on your list, you can head to the store and buy only what you need.

If you are looking for a new pair of shoes, you could add them to your wish list instead of buying them immediately. That way, you can think about it for a while and decide if it is something you really want or need.

## Glossary
- Shopping list: A list of items that you need to buy from the store.
- Wish list: A list of items that you would like to have but do not necessarily need to buy right away.
- Impulse buying: Buying things without thinking about whether you really need or want them.
- Budget: A plan for spending and saving money.

## Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned about shopping lists and wish lists and how they can help us manage our daily lives. We also learned about the benefits of using a shopping list and how to create one. By using a shopping list and sticking to our budget, we can save time and money and avoid impulse buying.


text:
Wireless Prices & Investment Illustrate Well-Functioning Market

Richard Bennett brought to my attention the release of the latest CTIA Semi-Annual Wireless Industry Survey. Lots of interesting facts worth examining. I took two of the charts that appeared in the report and mashed them up to created this chart for the Mercatus Center depicting what has been happening with prices and investment in this sector. Down below, I note why this is important.

Although it remains subject to some regulatory burdens and a variety of punishing taxes and fees, America’s wireless marketplace can be considered a great deregulatory success story. Over the past two decades, the cellular marketplace has generally been treated with a lighter regulatory touch than wireline communications and other sectors that the Federal Communications Commission regulates. The result of that light-touch approach speaks for itself.

Cumulative capital investment has grown from just $2.6 billion in 1988 to just under $300 billion in 2010. That is a stunning level of investment growth in capital-intensive sector. Meanwhile, prices plummeted throughout the 1990s and then plateaued over the past decade. While average local monthly bills stood close to $100 in 1988, today monthly service averages just $47. Importantly, however, the quality-adjusted price of service has improved markedly over the past decade. Consumers are getting much more for their money today than they did in the past. Internet access, texting, video, games, movies, and much more are all available over mobile handsets today. It’s not hyperbole to suggest that what we are carrying in our pockets and purses today is really more akin to a computer than a phone. Yet, competition and innovation keeps prices in check.

These statistics suggest that calls for more aggressive regulation of the wireless sector are unwarranted and would likely have a deleterious impact on consumer welfare.

Adam Thierer / Adam is a senior research fellow at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University. He previously served as President of the Progress & Freedom Foundation, Director of Telecom. Studies at the Cato Institute, and Fellow in Economic Policy at the Heritage Foundation.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Economic Analysis

**Objective:** To introduce students to the basic concepts of economic analysis and its application in understanding market behavior.

**Materials:** Whiteboard, markers, projector screen, computer, internet connection

**Introduction:**

Economic analysis is the study of how individuals, businesses, governments, and other organizations allocate resources to satisfy their needs and wants. It helps us understand the behavior of markets, including how prices, production, and consumption are determined. In this lesson, we will explore the basics of economic analysis and apply them to a real-world scenario.

**Section 1: Supply and Demand**

Supply and demand are two fundamental concepts in economics that help us understand how markets work. Supply refers to the amount of a good or service that producers are willing to offer at different prices. Demand refers to the amount of a good or service that consumers are willing to buy at different prices.

According to the law of supply and demand, as the price of a good or service increases, the quantity supplied also increases, while the quantity demanded decreases. Conversely, as the price decreases, the quantity supplied decreases, and the quantity demanded increases. This relationship between supply and demand determines the market equilibrium, which is the point where the quantity supplied equals the quantity demanded.

**Section 2: Price Elasticity of Demand**

Price elasticity of demand is a measure of how sensitive consumers are to changes in prices. It helps us understand how a change in price affects the quantity demanded. The formula for calculating price elasticity of demand is:

% Change in Quantity Demanded = % Change in Price / % Change in Income

If the percentage change in quantity demanded is greater than the percentage change in price, the demand is elastic. If the percentage change in quantity demanded is less than the percentage change in price, the demand is inelastic.

**Section 3: Cost-Benefit Analysis**

Cost-benefit analysis is a technique used to compare the costs and benefits of different courses of action. It helps us determine whether an action is worth pursuing based on the potential gains and losses.

To perform a cost-benefit analysis, we need to identify all the costs and benefits associated with each option. Then, we can calculate the net benefit by subtracting the total costs from the total benefits. The option with the highest net benefit is the one that should be chosen.

**Section 4: Real-World Application**

Let's apply the concepts learned in this lesson to a real-world scenario. Suppose you are a small business owner who sells handmade jewelry online. You are considering increasing your prices to increase your profits. However, you are unsure if your customers will be willing to pay more for your products.

Using economic analysis, we can determine whether increasing your prices is a good idea. First, we need to analyze the supply and demand for your products. You may find that there is an inelastic demand for your products, meaning that customers are not very sensitive to price changes. In this case, increasing your prices may not result in a significant decrease in demand.

Next, we can perform a cost-benefit analysis to determine whether increasing your prices is worth it. You should consider the additional profit you would make per sale, the potential loss of customers due to higher prices, and any additional costs associated with raising your prices (e.g., increased marketing expenses).

Finally, we can use price elasticity of demand to estimate how much you can increase your prices without losing customers. If you find that the price elasticity of demand for your products is low, you can safely increase your prices without fear of losing customers.

**Conclusion:**

In this lesson, we introduced the basic concepts of economic analysis and applied them to a real-world scenario. By understanding supply and demand, price elasticity of demand, and cost-benefit analysis, we can make informed decisions about how to allocate our resources to maximize our benefits.


text: At the L’Oreal Paris Color of Hope event, we thought Kerry Washington’s eye makeup really stood out— in a good way. With gorgeous, indigo-liner and shadow, her eyes sparkled even more. Color is a great way to bring focus to your eyes, and you can do it with eyeshadows, liners, or a combo of both.. Tip: If you’re wearing a bold shade on your eyes, add a sheer wash of bright color to your cheeks so you won’t look washed-out.. Here are two products by L’Oreal we recommend to help you recreate the look:. Wear Infinite Single Eyeshadow in Midnight Sky— $4.48, drugstore.com. HIP Eye Liner Pencil in Navy— $8.49, drugstore.com

textbook:
Lesson: How to Apply Eye Makeup

## Introduction

In this lesson, we will learn how to apply eye makeup like a pro. We will cover the basics of eye makeup application, including choosing the right products and techniques for different eye shapes and colors. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to create stunning eye looks that enhance your natural beauty and make a statement.

## Section 1: Choosing the Right Products

The first step in applying eye makeup is choosing the right products for your eye shape and color. Here are some tips to help you choose the best products for your eyes:

1. Eye Shape:
- For hooded eyes, look for eyeshadows and liners that lift and open up the eye.
- For almond eyes, choose neutral eyeshadows and liners that enhance the natural shape of your eye.
- For round eyes, opt for eyeshadows and liners that add length and definition to the eye.
- For deep-set eyes, choose eyeshadows and liners that highlight and define the crease of the eye.

2. Eye Color:
- If you have dark eyes, choose lighter eyeshadows and liners to add contrast and definition.
- If you have light eyes, choose darker eyeshadows and liners to create depth and drama.
- If you have green eyes, opt for warm-toned eyeshadows and liners to complement your natural color.
- If you have brown eyes, choose cool-toned eyeshadows and liners to make your eyes pop.

## Section 2: Application Techniques

Once you have chosen the right products, it's time to learn how to apply them. Here are some tips for applying eye makeup like a pro:

1. Prime your eyelids: Before applying any eyeshadows or liners, prime your eyelids with a concealer or a neutral eyeshadow to create a smooth base for your makeup.

2. Use a base: Apply a neutral eyeshadow or an eyeshadow base all over your eyelid to create a smooth canvas for your eyeshadow.

3. Apply eyeshadow: Using a flat eyeshadow brush or a finger, apply eyeshadow to the inner third of your eyelid, starting from the lash line and blending upward. Then, apply eyeshadow to the outer third of your eyelid, blending upward until you reach the crease. Finally, apply eyeshadow to the crease, using a blending brush or a finger to soften the edges.

4. Define your crease: Using a angled brush or a finger, apply a darker eyeshadow to the crease of your eye, blending it upward until it meets the highlight on your eyelid.

5. Line your eyes: Using a liquid or gel eyeliner, draw a thin line along the upper lash line, starting from the inner corner of your eye and extending outward. Then, using a kabuki brush or a sponge tip applicator, fill in the rest of the liner for a bolder look.

6. Add mascara: Using a volumizing mascara, coat your lashes from root to tip, wiggling the brush as you apply for maximum volume.

## Section 3: Practical Examples

Now that you know how to apply eye makeup, let's put it into practice with some real-world examples:

Example 1: Natural Look
- Choose a neutral eyeshadow in a matte finish and apply it all over the eyelid.
- Use a brown or taupe eyeshadow to highlight the inner corner of the eye and the brow bone.
- Apply a few coats of black mascara to the top lashes, leaving the bottom lashes natural.

Example 2: Smoky Eye
- Choose a dark brown or black eyeshadow and apply it to the upper and lower lash lines, blending the lines together at the outer corner of the eye.
- Apply a black or dark brown eyeshadow to the crease, blending it upward until it meets the highlight on the eyelid.
- Apply a few coats of black mascara to the top lashes, and then curl and apply a few coats of black or brown liner to the bottom lashes.

Example 3: Dramatic Look
- Choose a metallic or jewel-toned eyeshadow and apply it to the inner third of the eyelid, blending it upward.
- Apply a dark brown or black eyeshadow to the outer third of the eyelid, blending it upward until it meets the highlight on the eyelid.
- Apply a few coats of black mascara to the top lashes, and then apply a few coats of black or brown liner to the bottom lashes.

## Conclusion

In this lesson, we learned how to choose the right products and techniques for different eye shapes and colors, and applied those techniques to create three different eye looks. By following these steps, you can create stunning eye makeup looks that enhance your natural beauty and make a statement.


text:
Sonarpur Junction railway station

Sonarpur Junction railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway Junction Station on the Sealdah–Namkhana line with an approximate  distance from Sealdah railway station. It is under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. Sonarpur Junction railway station is one of the busiest railway stations of Sealdah railway division. More than 115 pairs of E.M.U. local trains pass through the railway station on a daily basis. The only E.M.U. Carshed of Sealdah South Section is situated here at Sonarpur. It is situated in South 24 Parganas district in the Indian State of West Bengal. Sonarpur Junction railway station serves Sonarpur city and the surrounding areas.

Geography
Sonarpur Junction railway station is located at . It has an average elevation of .

History
In , the Eastern Bengal Railway constructed a  wide Broad Gauge Railway from Sealdah to Sonarpur.
The 45 km long line from Calcutta to Port Canning via Sonarpur, constructed in 1862 by the Calcutta and South-Eastern Railway, was the first railway track on the east bank of the Hooghly River. It ran from the then Beliaghata station (presently Sealdah South station) to Canning on the Matla River. Sonarpur to Canning railway track was electrified in 1965-66.

Electrification
Electrification from Sealdah to Sonarpur was completed with 25 kV AC overhead system in 1965–66.

References

External links

Category:Railway junction stations in West Bengal
Category:Railway stations in South 24 Parganas district
Category:Sealdah railway division
Category:Kolkata Suburban Railway
Category:Railway stations opened in 1862
Category:1862 establishments in India

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Geography and History

### Overview

This lesson will introduce students to the concepts of geography and history as they relate to Sonarpur Junction railway station in India. Students will learn about the location, elevation, and history of the station, as well as its significance to the surrounding area.

### Objectives

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

1. Identify the location and elevation of Sonarpur Junction railway station.
2. Describe the history of the station and its significance to the surrounding area.
3. Apply basic geography and history concepts to understand the importance of Sonarpur Junction railway station.

### Materials

- Map of India
- World Atlas
- Timeline of Indian History
- Internet access for research

### Procedure

**Introduction**

Ask students if they know what geography and history are. Explain that geography is the study of the physical features of the Earth and its inhabitants, while history is the study of past events.

**Geography**

1. Locate Sonarpur Junction railway station on the map of India.
2. Ask students to estimate its latitude and longitude based on their knowledge of the region.
3. Discuss the climate, terrain, and vegetation of the area surrounding Sonarpur Junction railway station.
4. Explain that the elevation of the station is approximately __meters__ above sea level.

**History**

1. Ask students to use the timeline of Indian History to identify when Sonarpur Junction railway station was established.
2. Discuss the importance of railways in India's history and how they have impacted the country's development.
3. Explain that the station was constructed in __ and has played an important role in connecting Sonarpur to other parts of India.

**Conclusion**

Summarize the key points of the lesson: Sonarpur Junction railway station is located in India, has an elevation of approximately __meters__, and was established in __. Its history is significant as it has played a role in connecting Sonarpur to other parts of India.

**Glossary**

- Geography: The study of the physical features of the Earth and its inhabitants
- History: The study of past events
- Latitude: The angular distance of a place north or south of the Earth's equator
- Longitude: The angular distance of a place east or west of the prime meridian
- Elevation: The height of a location above sea level

**Assessment**

1. What is the location of Sonarpur Junction railway station?
2. What is the elevation of the station?
3. When was the station established?
4. How has the station impacted the development of India?


text: Tuesday, April 07, 2009. Don't quit your day job. I've been finding ways to fill up my free time lately. The last two weeks have been pretty busy for me. I've been going over to help my cousin Rob work on a house he and Michael bought, so I've been working at least a few nights a week after leaving Trophy house. The rest of my nights have been filled with Village meetings and hanging out with friends. I've found that having things to do every day really makes the week fly by. I've also found that even a few hours a week of extra pay can be a big boost to my budget.. From the mind of Brian Neal at 10:28 PM 1 comment:.

textbook:
Lesson: Time Management for Students

Introduction:
Time management is an essential skill that students need to learn to succeed in their academic and personal lives. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of time management, its benefits, and techniques to help students manage their time effectively.

Section 1: Importance of Time Management

Topic 1: Benefits of Time Management
- Time management helps students to prioritize tasks and complete them efficiently.
- It reduces stress and anxiety, leading to better mental health and well-being.
- Time management improves academic performance and enhances career prospects.

Topic 2: Consequences of Poor Time Management
- Poor time management leads to procrastination, which can result in incomplete assignments or poor grades.
- It can cause stress, anxiety, and mental health issues.
- Poor time management may limit career opportunities and affect personal relationships.

Section 2: Techniques for Effective Time Management

Topic 1: Prioritization
- Identify the most important tasks and complete them first.
- Use a to-do list or planner to organize tasks.
- Assign deadlines to tasks and stick to them.

Topic 2: Time Blocking
- Allocate specific time slots for each task.
- Avoid multitasking and focus on one task at a time.
- Use a timer to stay on track.

Topic 3: Elimination of Distractions
- Minimize distractions such as social media, TV, or phone usage during study time.
- Create a quiet and comfortable study environment.
- Avoid studying in places where there are many distractions.

Section 3: Applying Time Management Techniques

Topic 1: Real-Life Examples
- A student uses time blocking to study for exams and complete assignments.
- A student prioritizes tasks by completing the most challenging ones first.
- A student eliminates distractions by studying in a quiet library instead of their bedroom.

Topic 2: Self-Reflection
- Reflect on personal time management habits and identify areas for improvement.
- Set realistic goals for time management and track progress.
- Adjust time management techniques based on personal preferences and needs.

Glossary:
- Time Management: The process of planning and controlling the use of time to achieve specific goals.
- Prioritization: The act of identifying and organizing tasks based on their importance and urgency.
- Time Blocking: The technique of allocating specific time slots for each task to avoid multitasking.
- Elimination of Distractions: The process of minimizing distractions to increase focus and productivity.

Conclusion:
Effective time management is crucial for students to succeed academically and personally. By implementing techniques such as prioritization, time blocking, and elimination of distractions, students can improve their time management skills and reap the benefits of increased productivity, reduced stress, and better mental health.


text: Janis Jefferies. In Collaboration. C.P. Snow’s commentary on the ‘two cultures’ of modern society (as popularized in the Rede lectures in Cambridge in 1959) is frequently cited as a challenge to establishing a meeting place for artists and scientists where stereotypical expectations might be broken down. 1 50 years later there are some significant art and science collaborations, which critically involve self-reflection in a new meeting space of intrinsic curiosity and artistic interpretation. Artist helps scientists improve communications between the public and research worlds. They discover ethnical and social issues, which can be explored afresh in research projects

textbook:
Lesson: Collaboration between Art and Science

Introduction:
Collaboration between art and science has been a topic of interest for many years. The two disciplines seem to be worlds apart, but they can complement each other in unique ways. This lesson will explore the benefits of collaboration between art and science and how it can lead to new discoveries and innovations.

Section 1: The Importance of Collaboration

Topic 1: Why Collaborate?
- Collaboration between art and science can lead to new discoveries and innovations.
- Both disciplines have unique perspectives that can enrich each other.
- Collaboration can help break down stereotypical expectations and create a meeting place for artists and scientists.

Topic 2: The Benefits of Collaboration
- Collaboration can lead to a better understanding of complex issues.
- It can help bridge the gap between the public and research worlds.
- Collaboration can lead to new ways of thinking and problem-solving.

Section 2: Examples of Collaboration

Topic 1: Art and Science Collaborations
- The Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) funds collaborations between artists and scientists.
- One example is the collaboration between artist Tomas Saraceno and scientists at the International Space Station.
- Another example is the collaboration between artist Eduardo Kac and biologists at MIT.

Topic 2: Collaboration in Action
- The collaboration between artist and scientist can lead to new discoveries and innovations.
- For example, the collaboration between artist and astronomer led to the discovery of a new planet.
- Collaboration can also lead to new ways of thinking and problem-solving.

Section 3: Self-Reflection and Critical Thinking

Topic 1: Reflecting on Collaboration
- Collaboration can be challenging, but it is worth it.
- Reflecting on the process can help identify areas for improvement.
- Collaboration can lead to personal growth and development.

Topic 2: Critical Thinking
- Critical thinking is an essential skill in both art and science.
- It involves analyzing information and making informed decisions.
- Critical thinking can lead to new ideas and innovations.

Conclusion:
Collaboration between art and science can lead to new discoveries and innovations. By breaking down stereotypical expectations, we can create a meeting place for artists and scientists to work together. Collaboration can lead to a better understanding of complex issues and bridge the gap between the public and research worlds. By reflecting on the process and engaging in critical thinking, we can improve our collaborations and lead to personal growth and development.

Glossary:
- Collaboration: Working together towards a common goal.
- Stereotypical: A fixed idea or image that is not based on fact.
- Innovation: The act of introducing something new or creative.
- Discovery: The act of finding something new or previously unknown.
- Critical thinking: The process of analyzing information and making informed decisions.

Self-Debating Discussion:
- How can we encourage more collaboration between art and science?
- What are the benefits of collaboration between art and science?
- How can we overcome stereotypical expectations in collaboration?


text:
I know that by writing this I may well be killing any chances at future funding from Paul Graham and Co. over at Y Combinator, but this was downright atrocious. Let me preface this by saying I am personally disappointed because I applied to the Summer Founders Program and was rejected. From what I can tell, I can reproduce in a weekend what took these people 3 months to accomplish.

Background

Paul Graham started a VC for mini startups called Y Combinator. They gave 9 groups $6,000-10,000 PER PERSON to work on any website they wanted for 3 months. My entry was Web Collaborator. During my summer, I created Print Promotion, worked on a top secret project with Adaptive Path that will soon change the way you feel about blogging, and am now working with O’Reilly on an amazingly innovative project. Quite productive for 3 months.

Conclusion

In that same time, 2 of the 9 groups (groups consisted of at least 2-3 people) came up with the following:

Reddit: A rip-off of the ideas behind Del.ici.ous and Digg built in Lisp. (there apparently is more to the application than has been released, but I am not impressed so far)

Brain Guppy: A cheap rip-off of Hot or Not for narcissistic geeks built in Ruby on Rails.

Stuff Guppy: A cheaper rip-off of Hot or Not where you rate whether “stuff” is cool or crappy, also built in Ruby on Rails. Their best dud ideas include selling crappy Cafepress t-shirts and showing ads. Question someone should have asked them: who wants to look at crap after 8 hours at work?

What do they all have in common?

They are all cheap rip-offs of other people’s ideas

They are hardly innovative

They have little-to-no technical merit, I can reproduce Stuff Guppy in a weekend. Alone.

They are not very popular

None of these have the potential to be a self-sustaining business

What a waste of over $30,000 for the above web sites. Some of the sites made during the 24 hours of Rails Day were better than what these guys came up with. 24 HOURS! I am sorry Paul Graham and Co, but if this is what you have to show, I am totally unimpressed (though I still want the money to work on some ideas of mine :) ).

As a friend pointed out, “the key criterion here seems to be ‘would be fun to code’, not ‘people will want to use’ or ‘will make money’”. Which is terribly ironic since Paul constantly harps on people to focus on the later. Another case of do what I say, not what I do.

Update: Maybe 3 of 9 isn’t as big a sample as I thought. I just came across another one: ClickFacts. It seems that ClickFacts has attempted to assert itself as an expert on ad fraud. To me though, this seems like they were thinking “what would Google buy?”, which is better than the 3 mentioned above but to me it seems cheep and shallow. Just my impression.

This account says that “at least half of the startups in the program are seriously cool” so maybe I have just seen the bad half.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Critique a Product

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to critique a product. We will analyze a product's design, functionality, and user experience. We will also discuss the importance of providing constructive feedback and how it can improve the product.

Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is to teach students how to think critically about a product and provide useful feedback that can improve its design and functionality.

Section 1: Design

Topic: Design is an essential aspect of any product. It is the first thing users notice and can make or break their perception of the product. In this section, we will discuss the design elements of a product, such as color, typography, layout, and branding.

Questions:
- What is the purpose of the product?
- Who is the target audience?
- How does the design reflect the purpose and audience?
- Are there any design elements that can be improved?

Discussion:
We will analyze the design elements of a product and discuss how they can impact the user experience. We will also explore the importance of consistency in design and how it can create a unified brand identity.

Section 2: Functionality

Topic: Functionality refers to the usability and performance of a product. In this section, we will discuss the features and capabilities of a product and how they contribute to its overall effectiveness.

Questions:
- What are the main features of the product?
- How easy is it to use?
- Are there any bugs or issues with the functionality?
- Can the product perform its intended function efficiently?

Discussion:
We will analyze the functionality of a product and discuss how it can impact the user experience. We will also explore the importance of testing and debugging to ensure the product performs optimally.

Section 3: User Experience

Topic: User experience (UX) is the overall satisfaction a user has with a product. In this section, we will discuss the importance of user feedback and how it can improve the product's design and functionality.

Questions:
- What is the user's experience with the product?
- Is the product intuitive and easy to use?
- Are there any areas of improvement for the user experience?
- How can user feedback be incorporated into the product's development?

Discussion:
We will analyze the user experience of a product and discuss how it can impact the product's success. We will also explore the importance of gathering user feedback and incorporating it into the product's development.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned how to critique a product by analyzing its design, functionality, and user experience. We discussed the importance of providing constructive feedback and how it can improve the product. By thinking critically about a product, we can help make it better and more effective for its intended purpose.

Glossary:
- Design: The visual and aesthetic elements of a product.
- Functionality: The usability and performance of a product.
- User Experience (UX): The overall satisfaction a user has with a product.


text: Cheyenne County, Nebraska Vintage Map. This is a high quality, digitally restored county map print of Cheyenne County, Nebraska from the year 1885.. This vintage print includes a number of recognizable Cheyenne County cities and towns, and it’s super accurate for 1885.. Ted’s Vintage Art has restored this historic Cheyenne County, NE map by enhancing the colors as well as removing discoloration, rips and fold lines. Select imperfections such as stamps and other markings with historical value have been preserved, but they are easily removed if you wish at no extra cost.. This historic vintage map of Cheyenne County, NE is available in various sizes and is printed with advanced ink formulas on museum-quality, durable paper.. These prints look incredible either framed or unframed.. Cities included on this map: Lodgepole, Lorenzo, Gurley, Dalton, Brownson, Potter, Sunol, Sidney. Questions about this Cheyenne.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Cartography

**Overview:** This lesson introduces students to the study of cartography, which is the art and science of making maps. Students will learn about the history of maps, types of maps, and how maps are used in various fields.

**Objectives:**

- Understand the definition of cartography
- Identify the different types of maps
- Explain the importance of maps in different fields

**Instructions:**

1. **Introduction:** Begin by asking students what they think cartography is. Explain that cartography is the art and science of making maps. Show them the vintage map of Cheyenne County, Nebraska as an example of a map.

2. **History of Maps:** Discuss the history of maps, starting from ancient times when maps were drawn on papyrus, clay, or stone tablets. Explain how maps have evolved over time, from hand-drawn sketches to modern digital maps.

3. **Types of Maps:** Divide students into groups and ask them to create a list of different types of maps. Examples include political maps, physical maps, topographical maps, weather maps, traffic maps, and thematic maps. Emphasize that each type of map serves a specific purpose.

4. **Uses of Maps:** Discuss the various fields where maps are used, such as geography, history, politics, economics, environment, tourism, and urban planning. Explain how maps help us understand our surroundings, communicate information visually, and make informed decisions.

5. **Making a Map:** Introduce the concept of mapmaking, including surveying, data collection, data analysis, and map design. Use the vintage map of Cheyenne County, NE as an example to demonstrate the process of creating a map.

6. **Conclusion:** Summarize the lesson by emphasizing the importance of maps in our daily lives and their role in helping us understand the world around us. Encourage students to explore different types of maps and their uses in various fields.

**Glossary:**

- Cartography: The art and science of making maps
- Map: A representation of the Earth's surface or a part of it, showing physical features, political boundaries, and other information
- Types of Maps: Different kinds of maps based on their purpose, such as political maps, physical maps, topographical maps, etc.
- Uses of Maps: The various fields where maps are used, such as geography, history, politics, economics, environment, tourism, and urban planning.
- Mapmaking: The process of creating a map, including surveying, data collection, data analysis, and map design.

**Self-Debate:**

- How has the advancement of technology affected the field of cartography?
- Can maps ever be completely objective, or do they always reflect the perspectives of those who create them?
- How can we ensure that maps are accurate and reliable sources of information?


text: Clean consistent performance throughout the life of the filter through the use of CMS™ (CMS– Controlled Media Spacing).. Camfil Farr Megalam™ Panel Filters provide fine airborne particulate control to meet the requirements of today's high technology cleanrooms, clean benches, and clean air devices. With configuration and performance flexibility, the Megalam Panel will provide the highest level of protection for product processes and personnel.. Each Camfil Farr Megalam Panel Filter includes:. Available in pack depths that include 53mm (2.1”), 70mm (2.8”), and 100mm (4.0”). MPPS, Most Penetrating Particle SizeP.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Choose the Right Filter for Your Cleanroom

Introduction:
Filters are essential in cleanrooms to maintain a controlled environment and protect sensitive equipment and products from contaminants. In this lesson, we will learn about the different types of filters, their features, and how to choose the right one for your cleanroom.

Section 1: Types of Filters
There are several types of filters used in cleanrooms, including panel filters, bag filters, and HEPA filters.

Panel Filters:
Panel filters are made of a rigid or flexible sheet of filter media that is designed to capture particles of a specific size. They are available in various materials, such as polyester, glass, or metal, and can be customized to fit specific applications.

Bag Filters:
Bag filters are made of a non-woven fabric that is designed to capture particles of a specific size. They are available in various sizes and can be used in a variety of applications, including air filtration and gas separation.

HEPA Filters:
HEPA filters are designed to capture particles as small as 0.3 microns, making them ideal for use in cleanrooms where particle control is critical. They are available in various sizes and can be used in a variety of applications, including air filtration and gas separation.

Section 2: Features to Consider
When choosing a filter for your cleanroom, there are several features to consider, including:

Particle Size:
The most important feature to consider when choosing a filter is the particle size it is designed to capture. Make sure the filter you choose is rated to capture particles of the appropriate size for your application.

Filter Efficiency:
Filter efficiency refers to the percentage of particles that the filter is able to capture. Look for filters with high efficiency ratings, as these will provide better protection for your cleanroom.

Filter Life:
Filter life refers to how long the filter will last before it needs to be replaced. Look for filters with long lifespans, as these will require less maintenance and save you time and money in the long run.

Section 3: How to Choose the Right Filter
Now that we have discussed the different types of filters and the features to consider, let's look at how to choose the right filter for your cleanroom:

1. Determine the particle size you need to capture.
2. Look for filters with high efficiency ratings.
3. Choose filters with long lifespans to reduce maintenance costs.
4. Consider customizing your filter to fit your specific application.

Conclusion:
Choosing the right filter for your cleanroom is an important decision that will impact the quality of your products and the health of your employees. By considering the particle size, filter efficiency, and filter life, you can select a filter that provides the best protection for your cleanroom.

Glossary:
- Particle size: The size of the particles that a filter is designed to capture.
- Filter efficiency: The percentage of particles that a filter is able to capture.
- Filter life: How long a filter will last before it needs to be replaced.

[Table]: Comparison of Different Types of Filters
| Type of Filter | Particle Size | Filter Efficiency | Filter Life |
|----------------|---------------|-------------------|-------------|
| Panel Filter   | 0.3 - 10 microns | 90% - 99.99%      | 3 - 5 years |
| Bag Filter      | 0.3 - 10 microns | 80% - 99.99%      | 1 - 3 years |
| HEPA Filter     | 0.3 - 10 microns | 99.99% - 99.9999% | 5 - 10 years |

Self-Debate:
Which factor is more important when choosing a filter for your cleanroom: particle size or filter life? Why?


text: Arizona Wildcats coach Mike Stoops added one of the nation’s top offensive guards to his recruiting class.. Zach Hemmila, from Chandler High School, announced his commitment to Arizona on Thursday, picking the Cats over Arizona State and Oregon State, among others.. “It just felt right,” Hemmila told WildcatSportsReport.com, one of the partners in the TucsonCitizen.com Sports Network. “I felt in my stomach that’s where I want to go.”. Hemmila is rated the 217th-best player in the country by 247sports.com and the eighth-best guard in the country. (Click here for 247sports.com’s full list.) Rivals.com rates him as a four-star recruit (out of five) and also pegs him as the eighth-best guard.. Arizona has nine known commitments, including three four-star recruits. The others are tight end Taylor McNamara (rated No. 2 at his position) and defensive end Kyle Kelley.. The Wildcats’ 2011 recruiting class featured only one Rivals.com four-star player — CDO running back Ka’Deem Carey.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to College Football Recruiting

**Objective:** To introduce students to the concept of college football recruiting and its significance in the sport.

**Glossary:**
- Recruiting: The process of attracting and selecting athletes to play for a particular college team.
- Commitment: A verbal agreement between an athlete and a college team that the athlete will attend and play for that team.
- Rankings: A system used to rate athletes based on their potential to play at the collegiate level.

**Section 1: Introduction to College Football Recruiting**

College football is a highly competitive sport that attracts many talented athletes. In order for a team to be successful, they need to attract and select the best athletes to play for them. This is where college football recruiting comes in. Recruiting is the process of attracting and selecting athletes to play for a particular college team.

**Section 2: Understanding the Recruiting Process**

The recruiting process starts with high school athletes being identified by college coaches. These athletes are then evaluated and ranked based on their potential to play at the collegiate level. Once ranked, athletes are courted by college coaches who try to convince them to commit to their team.

**Section 3: Importance of Rankings**

Rankings are an important part of the recruiting process. They help college coaches determine which athletes are the most talented and have the most potential to play at the collegiate level. Athletes who are highly ranked are often heavily pursued by college coaches.

**Section 4: Examples of Top Recruits**

Some of the top recruits in the 2022 college football season include quarterback Arch Manning, running back Rashid Gaston, and defensive end Keon Keeley. These athletes are highly sought after by college coaches and have the potential to make a significant impact on their respective teams.

**Section 5: Conclusion**

College football recruiting is an important part of the sport. It allows teams to attract and select the best athletes to play for them. By understanding the recruiting process and the importance of rankings, students can gain a deeper appreciation for the sport and its complexity.


text: While prepping for a life on the big screen, she spends her days surrounded by the stunning Kate Sylvester collections. This week we meet Franky, the Britomart boutique’s Stock Manager and 2IC.. The Local. Name: Franky. What do you do?. Stock manager and 2IC at Kate Sylvester. I’m also an actor.. What song do you know all the lyrics to?. The introduction to “The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air”. If you could give your 13-year-old self a piece of advice, what would it be?. Be careful who you take advice from.. How do you procrastinate?. By clearing out my room and making a huge mess to confuse me.. If you were on death row, what would your last meal be?. An Easter egg.. Which Spice Girl are you?. Scary Spice. She’s the coolest.. Favourite Britomart spot?. The bean bags on the grass.. In 10 years you’ll find me…. In your favourite movie..

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Acting
## Section 1: What is Acting?
Acting is the art of portraying a character in a performance, often in a play, film, or television show. It involves understanding the character's motivations, emotions, and actions, and bringing them to life on stage or screen.
## Section 2: Understanding Characters
To act effectively, it's essential to understand the character you're portraying. This includes their backstory, personality traits, and goals. You should also be aware of how your character interacts with others in the story.
## Section 3: Developing Your Skills
To become a good actor, you need to develop several skills. These include:
- Memorization: Learning lines and cues is crucial for successful acting.
- Emotional expression: Actors must be able to convey a range of emotions convincingly.
- Physicality: Body language and movement can help bring a character to life.
- Voice projection: Actors must speak clearly and project their voice to be heard.
## Section 4: Practicing Your Craft
Practice makes perfect! To improve your acting skills, it's essential to practice regularly. This can involve working with a coach or partner, recording yourself to analyze your performance, and watching other actors to learn from their techniques.
## Section 5: Applying Your Skills
Once you've developed your acting abilities, you can start applying them to roles in plays, films, or television shows. It's essential to research the role and the production company before auditioning to ensure you're a good fit.
## Conclusion
Acting is a fun and challenging craft that requires dedication and practice. By developing your skills and applying them to roles, you can bring characters to life and entertain audiences. Whether you're a beginner or experienced actor, there's always more to learn and improve upon.


text: What's your story?. I have always been an avid storyteller. I will go on long tangents, covering each and every small detail that I think is important enough to convey the weight behind my words. I've also always been someone who devours the stories of others. Whether they be written, on film, or through song- I want to know!. I approach my photography in the same manner. I want to talk with you, and get to know who you are, all the way down to the details. I want to know your story so that I can tell it well and in a way that is meaningful, beautiful, and true.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Tell a Compelling Story

Introduction:
A compelling story captures the attention of the audience and keeps them engaged from beginning to end. In this lesson, we will learn how to tell a compelling story by understanding the core value of storytelling - the art of narration. We will cover the main topics and sub-topics applicable to various scenarios, including the importance of character development, plot progression, and conflict resolution.

Section 1: Character Development

The first step in telling a compelling story is to develop characters that are relatable and interesting. A character is a person, animal, or thing that takes part in a story. They have traits, behaviors, and motivations that drive the plot forward.

**Theoretical Concept:** A character is a person, animal, or thing that takes part in a story.

**Question and Answer:** What is a character?

**Definition of Purpose:** Characters are the driving force behind a story. They provide conflict, tension, and resolution.

**Practical Example:** In the movie "The Lion King," the main character is Simba. He is a young lion cub who is destined to become king after his father, Mufasa. Simba goes on a journey of self-discovery and learns valuable life lessons that help him become a strong and just leader.

Section 2: Plot Progression

The plot is the sequence of events that make up the story. It is the foundation upon which the characters and conflicts are built. The plot must be engaging and have a clear beginning, middle, and end.

**Theoretical Concept:** The plot is the sequence of events that make up the story.

**Question and Answer:** What is the plot?

**Definition of Purpose:** The plot provides a structure for the story and helps the reader or viewer understand the narrative arc.

**Practical Example:** In the book "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone," Harry Potter discovers that he is a wizard and is accepted into Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. Throughout the book, Harry and his friends face challenges and obstacles that test their friendship and loyalty. Ultimately, they defeat the villain, Voldemort, and save the wizarding world.

Section 3: Conflict Resolution

Conflict is the central problem that drives the plot forward. It can be internal (character's struggle) or external (opposition from other characters or forces). The resolution of the conflict is what brings the story to a satisfying conclusion.

**Theoretical Concept:** Conflict is the central problem that drives the plot forward.

**Question and Answer:** What is conflict?

**Definition of Purpose:** Conflict adds tension and excitement to the story, making it more engaging for the reader or viewer.

**Practical Example:** In the movie "The Avengers," the team must come together to stop Loki and his army from taking over the world. There are internal conflicts between the team members as well as external conflicts with Loki and his army. The resolution of these conflicts leads to a satisfying conclusion where the Avengers save the world and restore order.

Conclusion:
Telling a compelling story involves developing relatable and interesting characters, building a plot that engages the reader or viewer, and resolving conflicts in a satisfying manner. By mastering these core values of storytelling, you can create stories that captivate audiences and leave a lasting impression.

Glossary:
- Character: A person, animal, or thing that takes part in a story.
- Plot: The sequence of events that make up the story.
- Conflict: The central problem that drives the plot forward.


text:
Winnipeg's professional sports clubs are in line for about $16.3 million of government assistance next year, thanks to a combination of gaming revenue as well as tax breaks, tax refunds and tax exemptions.

City budget documents show government support for the private owners of the Winnipeg Jets and the Winnipeg Goldeyes, and the non-profit organization that runs the Winnipeg Blue Bombers, is expected to rise by a total of roughly $1.1 million next year, mainly because of an increase in ticket revenue at Bell MTS Place, Investors Group Field and Shaw Park.

True North Sports & Entertainment, which owns the NHL Winnipeg Jets and the AHL Manitoba Moose, is in line for a total of $14.1 million worth of operating subsidies and public funding in 2018.

That's roughly equal to the combined salaries of starting goalie Connor Hellebuyck, centre Mark Scheifele and right-winger Blake Wheeler this season, according to salary-tracking site capfriendly.com.

True North is expected to receive a $7.65-million entertainment tax refund from the city, an increase of $650,000 from 2017. The owner of Bell MTS Place is also eligible for a $244,000 city business-tax refund, unchanged from last year, as well as a city-provincial property-tax break of about $740,000.

Provincial legislation allows the downtown arena to be considered recreational property for tax purposes, rather than commercial property. This allows tax assessors to portion most of the building at 10 per cent of its assessed value, rather than 65 per cent.

Tax breaks and gaming revenue

True North also receives an estimated $5.5 million worth of revenue from 140 gaming machines at the Shark Club at Cityplace mall. That's the average expected revenue from a deal reached between True North and Manitoba Liquor & Lotteries under the former NDP government.

Under the terms of the deal, if the Shark Club generates less than $6.1 million a year in gaming revenue, True North gets to keep 90 per cent of that money, which works out to a maximum of $5.49 million.

If Shark Club revenue ends up between $6.1 million and $7.3 million, True North receives a flat payout of $5.5 million. If the club's machines generate more than $7.3 million, True North gets to keep 75 per cent of the first $7.3 million — which works out to $5.48 million — plus 20 per cent of any revenue beyond $7.3 million.

Manitoba Liquor & Lotteries keeps the rest of the cash under all three scenarios.

Council finance chair Scott Gillingham (St. James-Brooklands-Weston) said while the city is strapped for cash, it honours its agreements with True North.

"We have an obligation to fulfil our end of those respective contracts," Gillingham said Tuesday in a telephone interview.

True North vice-president Rob Wozny declined to comment, but pointed to a March 1 statement by True North chairman Mark Chipman that said his company contributed $210 million to the Manitoba economy in 2015-16, generated $45 million in tax revenue for three levels of government and created 1,473 jobs.

Winnipeg Blue Bombers running back Andrew Harris was named the CFL's outstanding Canadian this year. The Winnipeg Football Club will receive a $1.85-million entertainment tax rebate next season. (Darryl Dyck/Canadian Press)

After True North, the Winnipeg Football Club is No. 2 in terms of public assistance. The non-profit organization that runs the Winnipeg Blue Bombers is entitled to $1.85 million worth of government assistance next year.

That comes in the form a $1.85-million entertainment tax refund, an increase of $450,000 from 2017.

The Bombers are also exempt from paying city business taxes, thanks to the football club's non-profit status. The club also doesn't pay property taxes to the city or province because Investors Group Field is owned by the University of Manitoba. Educational properties are portioned at a zero per cent rate by tax assessors.

City spokesperson Lisa Fraser said it's impossible to calculate the value of the Investors Group Field property tax break because the stadium is undergoing renovations.

Winnipeg Football Club communications director Darren Cameron declined to comment.

The smallest recipient of government assistance among the city's pro-sports franchises is the Winnipeg Goldeyes, which stands to receive $342,400 worth of help next year.

That comes in the form of a $300,000 entertainment tax rebate — up from $270,000 in 2017 — and a $42,400 municipal property tax refund, which will rise $6,400 from 2017.

The Winnipeg Goldeyes beat the Wichita Wingnuts 18-2 at Shaw Park in September to win their second straight American Association championship. The club is in line for $342,000 worth of assistance next year. (Winnipeg Goldeyes)

Economic Development Winnipeg CEO Dayna Spiring said the Jets, Bombers and Goldeyes contribute to the economy by attracting tourists, creating jobs and generating revenue for governments.

"Through direct and indirect job creation, economic activity generated from our professional sports teams provides economic value," Spiring said Tuesday in a statement.

"In addition, they positively impact Winnipeg's reputation across the continent. The value our sports teams provide are important, both for our own residents as well as people and companies we're trying to attract."

The size of the subsidy, however, is not commensurate with success on the ice or on the field.

The Winnipeg Jets have not won a playoff game since the franchise moved here from Atlanta in 2011, while the Winnipeg Blue Bombers have not won a Grey Cup since 1990.

The Winnipeg Goldeyes have won three championships in the last six years, including back-to-back American Association trophies in 2016 and 2017, chief financial officer Jason McCrae-King noted in a statement.

True North Sports & Entertainment

Total 2018 operating subsidies/public funding : $14.1 million

: $14.1 million Entertainment tax refund (city): $7.65 million

(city): $7.65 million Gaming revenue, estimated (province): $5.5 million

(province): $5.5 million Property tax break, estimated (city and province): $740,000

(city and province): $740,000 Business tax refund (city): $244,000

Winnipeg Football Club

Calculable total 2018 subsidies/public funding : $1.85 million

: $1.85 million Entertainment tax refund (city): $1.85 million

(city): $1.85 million Property tax exemption (city, province): No taxes on U of M-owned land.

(city, province): No taxes on U of M-owned land. Business tax exemption (city): No taxes for non-profit organization.

Winnipeg Goldeyes

textbook:
Lesson: Government Assistance to Professional Sports Clubs

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about government assistance to professional sports clubs. We will explore how these clubs receive money from the government in the form of gaming revenue, tax breaks, tax refunds, and tax exemptions. We will also analyze the impact of these subsidies on the players' salaries and the overall economy.

Section 1: Government Assistance to Professional Sports Clubs

Topic 1: Gaming Revenue
Gaming revenue refers to the money that professional sports clubs receive from the government in the form of gambling proceeds. This money comes from taxes paid by people who gamble on sports events.

Topic 2: Tax Breaks
Tax breaks refer to the reduction or elimination of taxes that professional sports clubs are required to pay. These breaks are usually given to encourage economic development or job creation.

Topic 3: Tax Refunds
Tax refunds refer to the money that professional sports clubs receive back from the government after they have already paid their taxes. These refunds are usually given to encourage economic development or job creation.

Topic 4: Tax Exemptions
Tax exemptions refer to the money that professional sports clubs do not have to pay in taxes. These exemptions are usually given to encourage economic development or job creation.

Section 2: Impact of Government Assistance on Players' Salaries

Topic 1: Salary Cap
The salary cap is the maximum amount of money that professional sports clubs can spend on player salaries. This cap is set by the league and is designed to keep player salaries in check.

Topic 2: Free Agency
Free agency refers to the period of time when players become eligible to sign with any team in the league. During free agency, teams can bid on players and try to sign them to contracts.

Topic 3: Contract Negotiations
Contract negotiations refer to the process of negotiating a player's salary with their team. Players are represented by agents who work on their behalf to get the best possible deal.

Section 3: Impact of Government Assistance on the Overall Economy

Topic 1: Job Creation
Job creation refers to the number of new jobs that are created as a result of government assistance to professional sports clubs. These jobs can include positions such as ticket salespeople, security guards, and concession stand workers.

Topic 2: Economic Development
Economic development refers to the growth and improvement of an area's economy. Government assistance to professional sports clubs can help stimulate economic development by attracting new businesses and creating new jobs.

Topic 3: Fiscal Responsibility
Fiscal responsibility refers to the ability of a government to manage its finances responsibly. Providing government assistance to professional sports clubs can be seen as irresponsible if it leads to an increase in public debt.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, government assistance to professional sports clubs can have both positive and negative effects on the economy. While it can create jobs and stimulate economic development, it can also lead to fiscal irresponsibility. As citizens, it is important that we understand the impact of these subsidies and hold our governments accountable for their use of public funds.


text: House Panel skeptical of NASA budget. Abstract. The forced resignation of NASA chief Richard Truly on February 12 is widely seen as having weakened the agency at a critical time, just as Congress has begun considering this year's federal budget request. Members of a House space panel expressed dismay at Truly's ouster by the White House, when the agency head appeared February 19 at the year's first NASA budget hearing. Several legislators suggested that the dismissal strengthened the hand of the National Space Council, which is headed by Vice President Dan Quayle.. “It angers me to think that NASA, which has inspired generations of Americans, is being turned into a public relations tool for the rehabilitation of Dan Quayle,” said Norman Y. Mineta (D-Calif.) at the hearing of the Space Subcommittee of the House Science, Space, and Technology Committee. Mineta's charge that the White House is using NASA as a “political poker chip” was echoed repeatedly by other legislators during the hearing.

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Budgeting in Government Agencies

Introduction:
Budgeting is an essential part of managing any organization, including government agencies like NASA. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of budgeting in government agencies and why it is crucial for their success.

Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
- Budgeting is the process of allocating resources to achieve specific goals.
- Government agencies, like NASA, receive funding from the government to carry out their missions.
- A budget helps an organization to prioritize its spending and ensure that it stays within its means.

Section 2: Questions and Answers
- Why is budgeting important for government agencies?
    - It helps to allocate resources effectively and efficiently.
    - It ensures that the agency stays within its means and does not overspend.
    - It allows the agency to prioritize its spending and achieve its goals.

Section 3: Definitions and Purposes
- Resource allocation: the process of deciding how to distribute resources, such as money, time, and people, to achieve specific goals.
- Government agency: a department or organization within the government that carries out specific tasks and responsibilities.
- Funding: the money provided by the government to support the work of a government agency.

Section 4: Practical Examples
- NASA's budget is used to fund its various programs and initiatives, such as research, space exploration, and aeronautics.
- By allocating resources effectively, NASA can achieve its goal of exploring space and advancing scientific knowledge.
- However, if NASA overspends on one program, it may not have enough funds to support other important initiatives.

Section 5: Real-World Scenarios
- In 2018, NASA's budget was $19.9 billion, which was used to fund various programs, such as the Mars 2020 mission and the James Webb Space Telescope.
- However, some critics argue that NASA's budget is too large and that it should be redirected to other areas, such as education or healthcare.
- Others argue that investing in NASA's mission is crucial for national security and economic growth.

Conclusion:
Budgeting is an essential part of managing any organization, including government agencies like NASA. By allocating resources effectively, government agencies can achieve their goals and stay within their means. This skill is transferable to other areas of life, such as personal finance or business management. By understanding the importance of budgeting, we can make informed decisions about how to allocate our own resources and achieve our goals.


text: PURCHASE, N.Y – (March 29, 2017) – Mastercard (NYSE:MA) today announced it has entered into an agreement to acquire NuData Security, a global technology company that helps businesses prevent online and mobile fraud using session and biometric indicators.. The Internet of Things is creating a more digitally-driven and digitally-connected world, with an estimated 50 billion smart devices to be in use across the globe by 2020. While such connectivity can create unparalleled convenience for consumers to pay how they want, when they want, it remains critically important to keep all transactions secure... Contacts. Mastercard. Seth Eisen, 914-249-3153. seth.eisen@mastercard.com. ###

textbook:
Lesson: How to Prevent Online Fraud

Introduction:
Online fraud is a major concern for individuals and businesses alike. As the world becomes more digitally connected, it's essential to know how to protect yourself from fraudulent activities. In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of preventing online fraud and the methods that can be used to achieve this goal.

Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is that preventing online fraud is crucial for maintaining security and trust in the digital world.

Section 1: Understanding Online Fraud

Topic 1: What is online fraud?
Online fraud refers to any criminal activity that involves the use of the internet to deceive or steal from individuals or businesses. This can include phishing scams, identity theft, and credit card fraud.

Topic 2: Why is preventing online fraud important?
Preventing online fraud is essential because it helps to maintain the security and trust of individuals and businesses in the digital world. When people feel safe and secure when using the internet, they are more likely to engage in online transactions and participate in the digital economy.

Section 2: Methods for Preventing Online Fraud

Topic 1: Two-Factor Authentication
Two-factor authentication is a method of verifying a person's identity using two separate factors. One factor is usually a password, while the other can be a fingerprint, facial recognition, or a code sent to your phone. This method makes it much harder for fraudsters to access your information.

Topic 2: Biometric Authentication
Biometric authentication uses unique physical characteristics such as fingerprints, voice recognition, or facial recognition to verify a person's identity. This method is much more secure than traditional passwords and is becoming increasingly popular as a way to prevent online fraud.

Topic 3: Behavioral Analytics
Behavioral analytics is a method that uses machine learning algorithms to analyze user behavior and detect anomalies that may indicate fraudulent activity. This method can help businesses identify and prevent fraud before it occurs.

Section 3: Real-World Examples

Topic 1: PayPal
PayPal, a leading online payment platform, uses biometric authentication and behavioral analytics to prevent fraud. They also use two-factor authentication to ensure that only authorized users can access accounts.

Topic 2: Mastercard
Mastercard, a major credit card provider, has acquired NuData Security to enhance its fraud prevention capabilities. NuData uses session and biometric indicators to verify a person's identity and detect fraudulent activity.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, preventing online fraud is crucial for maintaining security and trust in the digital world. By understanding the methods of online fraud and the ways to prevent it, we can stay safe and secure when using the internet. The methods discussed in this lesson, including two-factor authentication, biometric authentication, and behavioral analytics, are essential tools in the fight against online fraud.


text: WORK WORK WORK WORK WORK. All of our bodys are made piece by piece in a Parisian workshop in France.. Each bodysuit is made to order, since you create the Body Betty of your dream with our selection of prints, shapes and colors.. It means that each shape and collar is cut and manufactured for you and only you.. We offer nice prints, in limited quantities, so if you feel love you better hurry up before it is sold out! The print you like will probably never come back again on the eshop!. We use high-quality fabrics: The composition of all bodys are 92% Cotton 8% Elastane // Composition of collars are usually fine cotton or viscose.. The eshop will help you customize your own and particular bodysuit: Choose the shape you like and the color of the body. Then if you like it you should put a collar on it: enjoy our prints selection and voilà it's ready!. Enjoy our savoir-faire by customizing your own bodysuit and let your body move to the music !

textbook:
Lesson Title: Customizing Your Own Bodysuit

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about customizing our own bodysuit. We will explore the different shapes, colors, and prints available, as well as the materials used to make them. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to create your own unique bodysuit that fits your style and personality.

Section 1: Understanding the Customization Process

Topic 1: Shapes
- What are the different shapes of bodysuits available?
- How do I choose the right shape for my body type?
- What are the benefits of each shape?

Topic 2: Colors
- What are the different colors of bodysuits available?
- How do I choose the right color for my skin tone?
- What are the benefits of each color?

Topic 3: Prints
- What are the different prints of bodysuits available?
- How do I choose the right print for my style?
- What are the benefits of each print?

Section 2: Materials Used

Topic 1: Fabric
- What is the composition of the bodysuit fabric?
- How does the fabric affect the fit and comfort of the bodysuit?
- What are the benefits of using high-quality fabric?

Section 3: Customizing Your Own Bodysuit

Topic 1: Choosing the Right Shape
- How do I choose the right shape for my body type?
- What are the benefits of each shape?
- How do I know which shape will look best on me?

Topic 2: Choosing the Right Color
- How do I choose the right color for my skin tone?
- What are the benefits of each color?
- How do I know which color will look best on me?

Topic 3: Choosing the Right Print
- How do I choose the right print for my style?
- What are the benefits of each print?
- How do I know which print will look best on me?

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the customization process of creating a bodysuit that fits our style and personality. We explored the different shapes, colors, and prints available, as well as the materials used to make them. By understanding the benefits of each, we can choose the right options that will enhance our appearance and make us feel confident. With this knowledge, we can now create our own unique bodysuit and stand out from the crowd.


text: Aviv Giladi is the current Chairman of R.G.E. Group Limited, a privately held media group based in Israel that specializes in a variety of content and production activities, principally for television. Icon today announced the appointment of Aviv Giladi as CEO of the Icon UK group of companies, comprising Icon Film Distribution (IFD), Icon Home Entertainment (IHE), Icon Entertainment International (IEI) and Majestic Films & Television. Commenting on his appointment, Aviv said “I am excited to be involved in taking Icon forward and creating new opportunities”.. Nazal Tov!!!. He’s one of the good guys

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Media and Entertainment Industry

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
The media and entertainment industry is a broad term that encompasses various forms of mass media and entertainment activities. It includes television, radio, print, digital media, and live events. The industry is responsible for creating, producing, and distributing content for audiences worldwide.

### Section 2: Practical Examples
One example of media and entertainment is television. Television networks produce and air shows, movies, and news programs for viewers to watch. They also sell advertising space during commercial breaks to generate revenue. Another example is the music industry, which produces and distributes songs and albums for people to listen to. Record labels also organize concerts and tours for musicians to perform live for their fans.

### Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
In the real world, the media and entertainment industry is constantly evolving due to technological advancements. Streaming services like Netflix and Hulu have disrupted traditional television viewing habits by offering on-demand content. Social media platforms like YouTube and TikTok have also changed the way people consume and share media.

### Glossary
- Mass media: refers to the means of mass communication that reach a large audience.
- Content: refers to any form of media that can be consumed, such as text, images, videos, or audio.
- Distribution: refers to the process of making content available to audiences, usually through various channels.
- Advertising: refers to the promotion of goods or services through a medium, such as television, radio, print, or digital media.

### Conclusion
Understanding the media and entertainment industry is essential for anyone interested in pursuing a career in this field. By learning about its history, various forms of media, and real-world applications, you can gain a deeper appreciation for how content is created, distributed, and consumed.


text: - 15 Foot Range. - Sophisticated IR Technology For Instantaneous Respone. - Great For Time Exposures Or Other Situations That May Cause Camera Shake. Regardless if you choose our standard remote or three way camera flash remote, youll be getting the benefit of expanded shooting options that will take your creativity to a whole new level. 15 feet away, picture perfect results start when you put Polaroid in the picture.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Photography

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
In this lesson, we will learn about photography and its basic principles. Photography is the art of capturing light and turning it into an image. This can be done through a camera, which uses a lens to focus light onto a sensor or film. The sensor or film records the light and creates an image that can be viewed later.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
Let's say you want to take a picture of a beautiful sunset. You would need to adjust the settings on your camera to ensure that the image comes out correctly. You may need to increase the ISO setting to make the image brighter, or decrease the aperture to let more light in. These are just a few examples of how photography works.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
Now let's say you are taking a picture of a fast-moving object, like a car. To capture the car in motion, you would need to use a faster shutter speed. This would freeze the motion of the car and create a sharp image. On the other hand, if you were taking a picture of a still life, you could use a slower shutter speed to capture the details of the scene.

## Glossary
- Aperture: The size of the opening in the lens that allows light to enter the camera.
- ISO: The sensitivity of the camera sensor or film to light.
- Shutter Speed: The length of time that the camera's shutter is open to allow light to enter.

## Conclusion
Photography is a fun and creative hobby that can be enjoyed by people of all ages. By understanding the basic principles of photography, you can take better pictures and capture memories that will last a lifetime.