text: Haverhill Alternative School. Intercept. “A Pivotal Learning Experience”. This 45 day diagnostic and assessment program is designed to provide recommendations to identify appropriate school placement and support for the middle and high school populations. This will include social-emotional and academic assessments, functional behavior assessments, on-going counseling and three team treatment planning meetings. Students can participate in physical education, art and shop with the alternative school group classes.. Please call:. Kathleen Duggan. School Adjustment Counselor. Intercept Coordinator/Admissions. Haverhill Alternative School. 978-374-3482

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Education and School Systems

## Section 1: Overview of Education and School Systems

In this lesson, we will learn about the different types of schools and education systems. We will explore the roles of teachers, students, and parents in these systems, as well as the goals and objectives of education.

### Questions for Discussion:

1. What is the role of a teacher in an education system?
2. What is the role of a student in an education system?
3. What is the role of a parent in an education system?
4. What are the goals and objectives of education?

### Answers to Questions for Discussion:

1. The role of a teacher in an education system is to educate and inspire students, create a positive learning environment, and help students achieve their academic goals.
2. The role of a student in an education system is to learn, ask questions, participate in class activities, and complete assignments to the best of their ability.
3. The role of a parent in an education system is to support their child's learning, communicate with teachers and administrators, and be involved in their child's education.
4. The goals and objectives of education vary depending on the educational system and the level of education. Generally, education aims to provide students with knowledge and skills, develop critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, foster creativity and innovation, and prepare students for future careers and personal growth.

## Section 2: Types of Schools and Education Systems

There are several types of schools and education systems around the world. In this section, we will explore some of the most common types of schools and education systems.

### Questions for Discussion:

1. What is a public school?
2. What is a private school?
3. What is a charter school?
4. What is a homeschool?

### Answers to Questions for Discussion:

1. A public school is a school that is funded by the government and is open to all students in the community. Public schools follow a set curriculum and are required to follow certain guidelines and standards.
2. A private school is a school that is funded by tuition fees paid by parents and is not controlled by the government. Private schools have their own curriculum and admissions policies and can be religious or non-religious.
3. A charter school is a type of public school that is run by a group of teachers, parents, or community members. Charter schools have more freedom to design their curriculum and teaching methods than traditional public schools.
4. A homeschool is when a parent teaches their child at home instead of sending them to a traditional school. Homeschooling can be done by following a set curriculum or creating one's own.

## Section 3: Education Goals and Objectives

In this section, we will explore the different goals and objectives of education. We will look at how education can help individuals and society as a whole.

### Questions for Discussion:

1. What are some individual benefits of education?
2. What are some societal benefits of education?
3. How does education contribute to economic growth and development?

### Answers to Questions for Discussion:

1. Some individual benefits of education include increased knowledge and skills, improved career opportunities, higher earning potential, and personal growth and development.
2. Some societal benefits of education include a more informed and engaged citizenry, reduced crime rates, improved health outcomes, and a stronger economy.
3. Education contributes to economic growth and development by producing a skilled workforce, promoting innovation and entrepreneurship, and increasing productivity and efficiency.

## Conclusion:

In conclusion, education is an essential part of our lives and society. It provides individuals with knowledge and skills, promotes personal growth and development, and contributes to societal progress. By understanding the different types of schools and education systems, as well as the goals and objectives of education, we can appreciate the importance of education and its impact on our lives and communities.


text: Dr. Julio R. Banga: "Computational Optimization in Systems Biology". Dr. Julio R. Banga. IIM – CSIC, Spanish National Research Council. Computational Optimization in Systems Biology. Optimization aims to make a system or design as effective or functional as possible. Mathematical optimization methods are widely used in engineering, economics and science.. This talk is focused on applications of mathematical optimization in computational systems biology. Examples are given illustrating the use of optimization methods in topics including optimal model building, optimality in biochemical metabolic networks, optimization in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. Finally, several perspectives for future research will be outlined..

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson Title: Introduction to Optimization in Systems Biology

#### Section 1: What is Optimization?
Optimization is the process of making a system or design as effective or functional as possible. It involves finding the best solution from all possible solutions to a problem. Optimization is used in many fields such as engineering, economics, and science.

#### Section 2: Why is Optimization Important in Systems Biology?
In systems biology, we study complex biological systems such as cells, tissues, and organs. These systems are made up of many components that interact with each other. Understanding how these components interact is crucial for understanding how the system works. Optimization helps us understand how these components interact by finding the best possible solutions to problems.

#### Section 3: Applications of Optimization in Systems Biology
There are many applications of optimization in systems biology. Some examples include:

1. Optimal Model Building: In systems biology, we often build models to represent the interactions between different components of a biological system. Optimization can help us find the best possible model that accurately represents the system.

2. Optimality in Biochemical Metabolic Networks: Metabolic networks are networks of chemical reactions that occur within a cell. Optimization can help us understand how these networks function and identify the most efficient ways for the cell to produce certain molecules.

3. Optimization in Metabolic Engineering and Synthetic Biology: Metabolic engineering involves modifying the metabolic networks within a cell to improve its performance. Optimization can help us design the best possible modifications to the network.

#### Section 4: Conclusion
Optimization is an important tool in systems biology. By finding the best possible solutions to problems, we can better understand how biological systems work. This knowledge can be applied to many areas, including medicine, agriculture, and environmental science. By learning about optimization, you can become a better scientist and make valuable contributions to the field of systems biology.

#### Glossary
- Optimization: The process of making a system or design as effective or functional as possible.
- Systems Biology: The study of complex biological systems such as cells, tissues, and organs.
- Metabolic Networks: Networks of chemical reactions that occur within a cell.
- Metabolic Engineering: The modification of metabolic networks within a cell to improve its performance.
- Synthetic Biology: The design and construction of new biological systems.

#### Self-Debate Discussion
How could optimization be used in the field of medicine? Think about how finding the best possible solutions to problems could help doctors and researchers better understand diseases and develop new treatments.


text: Read 0 reviews of Golf d'Aubeterre. The course is laid out along the valley and amongst the mature trees of the original estate. With water in play on only one hole and few bunkers the course is laid out to offer enjoyment to golfers of all ability.. The club organises regular friendly golf tournaments and visitors are welcome. Contact estate to make arranements.. Played here recently? Join The Social Golfer and then Write your review.. Official Travel Partner:. Official Media Partner:. Golf Offers Partner:. All Content Copyright ©. 2021. The Social Golfer Ltd

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Golf Course Design

**Overview:** In this lesson, we will explore the basics of golf course design. We will learn about the different elements that go into creating a golf course, such as layout, hazards, and terrain. By the end of this lesson, you will have a better understanding of what goes into designing a golf course and how it affects the game of golf.

**Section 1: The Basics of Golf Course Design**

Golf course design is the process of creating a layout for a golf course that is both challenging and enjoyable for players of all skill levels. The design of a golf course takes into account many factors, including the terrain, natural features, and the desired level of difficulty.

**Question:** What are some factors that go into designing a golf course?
**Answer:** Some factors that go into designing a golf course include the terrain, natural features, and desired level of difficulty.

**Section 2: Layout of a Golf Course**

The layout of a golf course is one of the most important aspects of golf course design. A well-designed layout can make a golf course both challenging and enjoyable for players of all skill levels. The layout of a golf course typically includes a combination of par-3, par-4, and par-5 holes, as well as a variety of hazards and obstacles to challenge golfers.

**Question:** What are some common hazards found on a golf course?
**Answer:** Some common hazards found on a golf course include sand traps (also known as bunkers), water hazards, and trees.

**Section 3: Terrain and Natural Features**

Terrain and natural features play a significant role in golf course design. The layout of a golf course often takes advantage of the natural contours of the land, using elevation changes, hills, and valleys to create challenging and interesting holes. Additionally, natural features such as lakes, streams, and forests can be incorporated into the design of a golf course to add to its visual appeal and challenge.

**Question:** How does the terrain affect the design of a golf course?
**Answer:** The terrain can greatly affect the design of a golf course by providing natural obstacles and challenges for players to navigate around. For example, a golf course built on hilly terrain may feature many uphill and downhill shots, while a flat course may require more focus on accuracy and placement.

**Section 4: Golf Course Design and Strategy**

Golf course design is not just about creating an aesthetically pleasing layout; it is also about creating a challenging and strategic test of golf. Good golf course design takes into account the player's mental and physical abilities, as well as their equipment, to create a fair and exciting challenge for all levels of play.

**Question:** How does the design of a golf course affect the strategy of play?
**Answer:** The design of a golf course can greatly affect the strategy of play by presenting players with a variety of obstacles and hazards to navigate around. For example, a golf course with many sand traps may require players to carefully consider their shots and club selection, while a course with few hazards may allow for more aggressive play.

**Conclusion:** In this lesson, we have explored the basics of golf course design, including the layout, terrain, and natural features that go into creating a challenging and enjoyable golf course. By understanding these elements, we can better appreciate the art and science of golf course design and how it affects the game of golf.

**Glossary:**
- Golf Course: A facility featuring a series of holes designed to test the skill and ability of a golfer.
- Par: The number of strokes a skilled golfer is expected to take to complete a hole or a round of golf.
- Hazard: Any obstacle or danger on a golf course that can adversely affect the golfer's ability to make a successful stroke.
- Layout: The arrangement of holes on a golf course, typically consisting of a combination of par-3, par-4, and par-5 holes.


text: Speaking at the United Nations (UN) event marking World Autism Awareness Day on 2 April 2015, at the UN Headquarters in New York, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon stressed the need for greater labour market accessibility and more employment opportunities for people with autism. Mr. Ban added that even if steps have been taken in the right direction, there is still much more do be done.. In his address, Mr. Ban pointed out the potential of people with autism, adding that .”

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder

**Introduction**
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that affects social communication and behavior. It is a complex condition that affects individuals differently, and it can be challenging to understand. In this lesson, we will learn about ASD, its symptoms, and how it affects individuals. We will also discuss the importance of inclusion and support for people with ASD.

**Section 1: Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder**

**Topic 1: What is ASD?**
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that affects social communication and behavior. It is a lifelong condition, and there is no cure for it. However, early intervention and support can improve outcomes for individuals with ASD.

**Topic 2: Symptoms of ASD**
The symptoms of ASD vary from person to person, but common symptoms include difficulties with social interaction, communication, and repetitive or restricted behaviors. Individuals with ASD may have trouble understanding social cues, making friends, or engaging in conversations. They may also have repetitive routines or interests and be highly sensitive to sensory input.

**Topic 3: Diagnosis of ASD**
ASD is diagnosed by a team of healthcare providers, including a doctor, psychologist, or speech therapist. There is no medical test for ASD, so the diagnosis is based on observing the individual's behavior and development over time.

**Section 2: Inclusion and Support for People with ASD**

**Topic 1: Why is inclusion important for people with ASD?**
Inclusion is important for people with ASD because it allows them to participate in everyday activities and social situations with their peers. Inclusion helps individuals with ASD develop social skills, make friends, and feel valued members of their community.

**Topic 2: How can we support individuals with ASD?**
There are several ways to support individuals with ASD, including providing accommodations, modifications, and support in educational settings, as well as offering community-based programs and services. It is also essential to provide training and education to teachers, parents, and other professionals who work with individuals with ASD.

**Section 3: Conclusion**
Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder is an essential step in promoting inclusion and support for individuals with ASD. By learning about the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of ASD, we can help create a world where everyone is accepted and valued for who they are. Remember, early intervention and support can improve outcomes for individuals with ASD, so it is crucial to recognize the signs and seek help when needed.


text: Looking for a brilliant accessory for your Mercedes-Benz? Discover the Star!. The Illuminated Star is the ideal personal touch. This unique option uses LED and light-conductor technology to illuminate the central star in the front grille. The logo lights up when you remotely unlock the vehicle or open the door or tailgate. It's subtle, but eye-catching. Bright, but sophisticated.. And it's your opportunity to announce to the world: "This is my Mercedes-Benz.". Two LED Mercedes star projectors in the front doors project the legendary star logo onto the ground alongside the vehicle. Enjoy the unique pattern of light and shade as you open the door.. A highlight and eye-catcher for every Mercedes-Benz.. Please contact our Parts department to confirm if the illuminated star or the LED projectors are available for your vehicle.. Let your star shine.

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Branding in Business
Introduction:
Branding is an essential aspect of any business. It helps to create a unique identity that sets a company apart from its competitors and attracts customers. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of branding in business and how it can help companies achieve success.
Section 1: Understanding Branding
Topic 1: What is Branding?
Branding is the process of creating a unique identity for a company. It involves developing a name, logo, and other visual elements that represent the company's values, mission, and personality. Branding also includes the way a company communicates with its customers, including its advertising, marketing, and customer service.
Topic 2: Why is Branding Important?
Branding is important because it helps companies to stand out from their competitors. A strong brand can help to differentiate a company from its rivals, making it more memorable and recognizable. A well-branded company also has higher customer loyalty and retention rates, which can lead to increased sales and revenue.
Section 2: Developing a Strong Brand Identity
Topic 1: Defining Your Company's Values and Mission
To develop a strong brand identity, companies need to define their values and mission. These are the fundamental beliefs and principles that guide the company's actions and decisions. By defining these, companies can communicate their unique identity to their customers.
Topic 2: Creating a Unique Visual Identity
A company's visual identity includes its logo, color scheme, and other visual elements. These should be distinctive and memorable, representing the company's values and personality. Companies should also ensure that their visual identity is consistent across all marketing materials and products.
Section 3: Communicating with Customers
Topic 1: Advertising and Marketing
Companies need to communicate with their customers through advertising and marketing. This involves creating messages that are targeted to specific audiences and using the right channels to reach them. Companies should also ensure that their advertising and marketing materials are consistent with their brand identity.
Topic 2: Customer Service
Customer service is another important aspect of branding. Companies need to provide excellent customer service to build trust and loyalty with their customers. This involves responding to customer inquiries and complaints promptly and effectively.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, branding is an essential aspect of any business. It helps to create a unique identity that sets a company apart from its competitors and attracts customers. By developing a strong brand identity, communicating with customers effectively, and providing excellent customer service, companies can achieve success and build long-term relationships with their customers.


text: I apologize if this is a stupid or repeat question, but I'm a newbie to "chickening". I live in NNY and it is around 40-50 deg during the day (but usually rainy and windy), and 30-40 deg at night. My barred rocks are 8 wks old and fully feathered. I have been keeping them in the garage in a lg box and I would like to move them to the outside coopbecause they are getting big and crowded and are pretty messy. My husband built a "chicken hut" that is a 5x6x2ft box up on stilts with a little run going up to the entrance. 3 of the sides are coveredwith plywood, and one side is just covered with a wire mesh. The floor is also wire mesh. I was thinking I would lay some straw across the floor to insulate it a little and stack small staw bales against the wire mesh wall to keep the wind out until it warms up a little more here. It is still pretty chilly here, but I know that barred rocks are supposed to be pretty cold hardy. Any thoughts would be greatly apprectiated .

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Chickens

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Chickens are birds that belong to the family Phasianidae. They are domesticated for their meat, eggs, and feathers. There are over 60 breeds of chickens, each with unique characteristics such as size, color, and temperament. In this lesson, we will learn about the basics of chickens, their care, and their importance in agriculture.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's consider a farmer who wants to start raising chickens. They decide to buy 100 chicks and build a coop for them. The farmer needs to provide food, water, and shelter for the chickens. They also need to ensure that the coop is safe from predators and provides enough space for the chickens to move around.

To calculate the cost of feeding the chickens, the farmer needs to know the amount of food required per chicken per day. Let's assume that each chicken requires 0.5 pounds of food per day. If the farmer buys chicken feed for $0.10 per pound, then the daily cost of feeding the chickens would be:

Cost = (Number of chickens) x (Amount of food required per chicken per day) x (Price per pound of food)
Cost = (100) x (0.5) x ($0.10)
Cost = $50

The farmer also needs to provide water for the chickens. A waterer that can hold 50 gallons of water costs $20. Assuming that the chickens drink 0.5 gallons of water per chicken per day, the daily cost of providing water for the chickens would be:

Cost = (Number of chickens) x (Amount of water required per chicken per day) x (Price per gallon of water) x (Price of waterer)
Cost = (100) x (0.5) x ($0.02) x ($20)
Cost = $2

So, the total daily cost of feeding and providing water for the chickens would be:

Total Cost = $50 + $2 = $52

Now let's consider the cost of building a coop for the chickens. The farmer estimates that the materials required to build a coop for 100 chickens would cost $500. The coop needs to be safe from predators and provide enough space for the chickens to move around. The farmer also needs to ensure that the coop has proper ventilation and lighting.

## Section 3: Definitions of Purpose

In this lesson, we learned about the basics of chickens, their care, and their importance in agriculture. We also considered a practical example of calculating the cost of feeding and providing water for chickens. Finally, we discussed the cost of building a coop for the chickens.

## Glossary

- Chicken: A bird that is domesticated for its meat, eggs, and feathers.
- Breed: A group of animals within a species that have similar characteristics due to selective breeding.
- Coop: A shelter for chickens where they can rest and lay eggs.
- Ventilation: The process of supplying fresh air and removing stale air from a space.
- Lighting: The provision of artificial light to provide illumination.
- Predator: An animal that preys on other animals for food.

## Conclusion

In this lesson, we learned about the basics of chickens, their care, and their importance in agriculture. We also considered a practical example of calculating the cost of feeding and providing water for chickens. Finally, we discussed the cost of building a coop for the chickens. This lesson is useful for anyone interested in raising chickens or learning about their care and importance in agriculture. By understanding the basics of chickens, their care, and their importance in agriculture, we can apply these skills to new problems and situations.


text: Leah is a researcher at the University of Oxford. She spends most of her time delving into odd corners of music history, mostly from the early twentieth century. When not writing or teaching, she can be found on Twitter @LeahBroad where she mainly talks about biscuits and music. She also has a website where you can read more about her work: leahbroad.wordpress.com.. Simon Brackenborough is a music graduate and the founder and editor of Corymbus, a blog featuring in-depth writing on classical music. He’s also a co-founder of the music writers’ discussion forum Music Into Words.

textbook:
Lesson: Researching Music History

## Introduction
In this lesson, we will learn about researching music history. We will cover topics such as finding sources, analyzing data, and presenting findings. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to conduct your own research on music history and contribute to the field.

## Section 1: Finding Sources

### Topic 1: Primary and Secondary Sources
Primary sources are original documents or artifacts that provide firsthand information about an event, person, or thing. In music history, primary sources could include sheet music, recordings, or concert programs. Secondary sources are interpretations or analyses of primary sources. These could include books, articles, or dissertations.

### Topic 2: Locating Sources
To locate primary sources, you can search through archives, libraries, or museums. For secondary sources, you can use databases like JSTOR, Google Scholar, or the British Library. You can also search for books and articles on websites like Amazon or Google Books.

### Topic 3: Evaluating Sources
When evaluating sources, you should consider the credibility of the author, the publication date, and the reliability of the information. You should also look for citations and footnotes to ensure that the source is well-researched and reliable.

### Practice Questions
1. What is the difference between primary and secondary sources in music history?
2. Where can you find primary sources related to music history?
3. How do you evaluate the credibility of a source?

## Section 2: Analyzing Data

### Topic 1: Identifying Patterns
Once you have gathered your sources, you should analyze the data to identify patterns or trends. This could involve comparing different works by the same composer or analyzing the use of certain musical techniques across different genres.

### Topic 2: Drawing Conclusions
After identifying patterns, you should draw conclusions based on your analysis. This could involve making predictions about future developments in music history or identifying the impact of certain events on the evolution of music.

### Topic 3: Presenting Findings
You should present your findings in a clear and concise manner. This could involve creating a PowerPoint presentation, writing a research paper, or giving a lecture.

### Practice Questions
1. How do you analyze data in music history?
2. What types of conclusions can you draw from analyzing data?
3. How do you present your findings?

## Section 3: Presenting Findings

### Topic 1: Creating a Thesis Statement
Your thesis statement should summarize your main argument or claim. It should be clear and concise, and it should guide the rest of your paper or presentation.

### Topic 2: Supporting Evidence
You should support your thesis statement with evidence from your research. This could involve citing primary or secondary sources, providing examples, or analyzing data.

### Topic 3: Organizing Your Work
You should organize your work logically and coherently. This could involve creating an outline, using headings and subheadings, or using bullet points.

### Practice Questions
1. What is a thesis statement?
2. How do you support your thesis statement with evidence?
3. How do you organize your work?

## Conclusion
Researching music history requires careful planning, analysis, and presentation. By following the steps outlined in this lesson, you can conduct your own research and contribute to the field. Remember to always ask questions, think critically, and seek out reliable sources.


text: Like the best of Mary Roberts Rinehart's novels, A Poor Wise Man combines a number of literary elements -- romance, intrigue, and mystery -- which unfold against the backdrop of war and political unrest. Fans of historical romance and classic mystery will enjoy this read.. As part of our mission to publish great works of literary fiction and nonfiction, Sheba Blake Publishing Corp. is extremely dedicated to bringing to the forefront the amazing works of long dead and truly talented authors.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Literary Elements in Fiction

**Section 1: Theoretical Concepts**

- Literary elements are the different parts that make up a piece of fiction. These include characters, setting, plot, theme, and tone.
- In A Poor Wise Man, the author uses various literary elements to create an engaging story.

**Section 2: Practical Examples**

- To illustrate how literary elements work together, let's analyze a passage from A Poor Wise Man.
- "The sun was shining on the green fields and the blue sea, but the wind blew cold from the mountains. The girl who stood at the gate of the farm saw the wind's part in the play of color, and she smiled as she thought of the springtime that was coming."
- In this passage, the author uses the setting (the farm gate) to introduce the character (the girl). The use of imagery (the colors of the fields and sea) helps to establish the tone (romantic and peaceful). The passage also sets up the plot by introducing the idea that something is coming (springtime).

**Section 3: Real-World Scenarios**

- Applying literary elements is not just limited to reading and analyzing fiction. It can also be used in everyday life.
- For example, when writing a resume, the use of strong verbs and descriptive language can help to create a clear picture of your skills and experience.

**Glossary**

- Literary elements: the different parts that make up a piece of fiction
- Characters: the people in the story
- Setting: the time and place of the story
- Plot: the events that happen in the story
- Theme: the message or meaning of the story
- Tone: the mood or atmosphere of the story

**Conclusion**

Understanding literary elements is an important skill for anyone who wants to analyze and appreciate fiction. By learning about the different parts that make up a story, we can better understand the author's intent and message. This skill can also be applied to other areas of life, such as writing a resume or creating a compelling argument.


text: Media General has named Brad Moses president and general manager of WFLA, the NBC-affiliate in Tampa. His appointment is effective March 26.. The move is a return to WFLA for Moses, who was director of marketing at the station from 2002-07. He joins WFLA from another Media General station, WNCN in Raleigh, where he has been vice president and general manager since 2009.. Moses replaces John Cottingham, who was named interim general manager of the station in November after Media General made several management changes at WFLA.. “I am pleased to bring such a talented broadcast professional back to our Tampa station,” Cottingham said in a statement. “His leadership abilities and his knowledge of the Tampa community will be very valuable to our customers and employees.”

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Management

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
 Management is the process of organizing and coordinating the activities of an organization to achieve its goals. It involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the resources of the organization to ensure that it runs smoothly and efficiently.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
One example of management in action is a restaurant. The manager must plan the menu, organize the kitchen staff, direct the waitstaff, and control the finances to ensure that the restaurant runs smoothly and profitably. Another example is a manufacturing company, where the manager must plan the production process, organize the workers and machines, direct the assembly line, and control the quality of the products to ensure that they meet the company's standards.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
A real-world scenario that demonstrates the importance of management is a construction project. The project manager must plan the construction schedule, organize the workers and materials, direct the construction process, and control the budget to ensure that the project is completed on time and within budget. If the project is not managed properly, it can result in cost overruns, delays, and even safety hazards.

## Glossary
- Management: The process of organizing and coordinating the activities of an organization to achieve its goals.
- Planning: The process of setting goals and developing strategies to achieve them.
- Organizing: The process of arranging resources and activities to achieve goals efficiently.
- Directing: The process of motivating and guiding employees to achieve organizational goals.
- Controlling: The process of monitoring progress and making adjustments to ensure that goals are met.

## Conclusion
Management is a critical component of any organization, as it ensures that resources are used efficiently and effectively to achieve the organization's goals. By understanding the theoretical concepts, practicing real-world scenarios, and applying critical thinking skills, students can develop a strong foundation in management principles that can be applied to a variety of careers.


text: Recent tick surveys sent to the US Department of Agriculture identified a longhorned tick on an opossum in Polk County, North Carolina. The longhorned tick is an exotic species from Asia that is a serious pest of livestock.. The tick was initially identified in New Jersey in 2017, but further research into other reported ticks that may have been misidentified have revealed that the first recorded case of this tick was on a white-tailed deer in August 2010 in West Virginia. Before its introduction in North Carolina, the tick had been positively identified in Arkansas, New Jersey, Virginia and West Virginia. . Filed under: featured | Tagged: ehrlichiosis, invasive exotics, invasive species, longhorned tick, Rickettsiosis, tick prevention, ticks and diseases, ticks and livestock | Leave a comment »

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Ticks and Diseases

**Objective:** To introduce students to the concept of ticks and the diseases they carry.

**Glossary:**
- Tick: A small arachnid that feeds on the blood of mammals, birds, and reptiles.
- Exotic species: A species that is non-native to a particular ecosystem or region.
- Livestock: Farm animals raised for food, including cows, pigs, and chickens.
- Deer: A large mammal with antlers, found in many parts of the world.
- Ehrlichiosis: A tick-borne disease caused by the bacterium Ehrlichia chaffeensis.
- Rickettsiaosis: A tick-borne disease caused by the bacteria Rickettsia rickettsii.

**Section 1: Introduction**
- Ticks are small arachnids that feed on the blood of mammals, birds, and reptiles.
- They can carry diseases such as ehrlichiosis and rickettsiaosis.
- The longhorned tick, an exotic species from Asia, has been found in the United States.

**Section 2: What are ticks?**
- Ticks are small, eight-legged insects that live in moist and humid environments such as woods, grass, and marshes.
- They have a specialized mouthpart called a hypostome, which they use to pierce the skin of their host and suck their blood.
- Ticks can transmit diseases to their hosts through their saliva when they bite them.

**Section 3: Types of ticks**
- There are several types of ticks, including the deer tick, which carries Lyme disease, and the wood tick, which does not typically carry diseases.
- The longhorned tick, however, is an exotic species from Asia that is a serious pest of livestock.
- This tick was first identified in the United States in 2017, but further research has revealed that it was actually present as early as 2010.

**Section 4: Diseases transmitted by ticks**
- Ticks can transmit several diseases to their hosts, including ehrlichiosis and rickettsiaosis.
- Ehrlichiosis is caused by the bacterium Ehrlichia chaffeensis and can cause fever, headache, and muscle aches.
- Rickettsiaosis is caused by the bacteria Rickettsia rickettsii and can cause symptoms such as fever, headache, and a rash.
- These diseases can be serious and even life-threatening if not treated promptly.

**Section 5: Prevention and control**
- The best way to prevent tick-borne diseases is to avoid contact with ticks altogether.
- This can be done by staying on marked trails when hiking, using insect repellent, and wearing long sleeves and pants.
- If a tick is found on a person or animal, it should be removed carefully and properly.
- In areas where ticks are common, regular tick checks should be performed on pets and livestock.

**Conclusion**
Ticks are small arachnids that can carry diseases such as ehrlichiosis and rickettsiaosis. The longhorned tick, an exotic species from Asia, is a serious pest of livestock. By understanding the risks associated with ticks and taking preventative measures, we can protect ourselves and our animals from these diseases.


text: Construction firm announced for the first building at IFC Jersey. Jersey Development Company (JDC) has agreed and signed terms with local construction firm Camerons to construct the first building at the International Finance Centre, Jersey. will be delivered.. The development will directly benefit the local economy as Camerons and many of its sub-contractors are local companies and therefore it is anticipated there will be many employment opportunities in a varied field of positions from site management to trade operatives and apprentices.. Work will commence on site once a sufficient level of pre-let is secured .

textbook:
Lesson: Construction and Economic Development

Introduction:
Construction is an essential part of economic development. It involves building structures like roads, buildings, and bridges that help improve the economy. In this lesson, we will learn about the role of construction in economic development and how it creates job opportunities and benefits the local economy.

Section 1: Understanding Construction and Economic Development

Topic 1: What is Construction?
- Construction refers to the process of building structures such as roads, buildings, and bridges.
- It is a vital industry that contributes to economic growth and development.

Topic 2: How does Construction contribute to Economic Development?
- Construction creates job opportunities for people in various fields such as site management, trade operatives, and apprentices.
- It helps boost the local economy by providing employment and income opportunities.
- Construction also leads to the development of infrastructure, which attracts investments and businesses to the area.

Section 2: Practical Examples of Construction and Economic Development

Topic 1: The International Finance Centre (IFC) in Jersey
- The IFC is a development project aimed at promoting economic growth in Jersey.
- A local construction firm, Camerons, has been appointed to build the first building at the IFC.
- This project will create job opportunities for people in the construction industry and other related fields.

Topic 2: The Impact of Construction on the Local Economy
- The development of the IFC will directly benefit the local economy as Camerons and many of its sub-contractors are local companies.
- Therefore, it is anticipated that there will be many employment opportunities in a varied field of positions from site management to trade operatives and apprentices.
- This will lead to an increase in the local economy's income and employment rates.

Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

Topic 1: Critical Thinking and Construction
- Why is it essential to think critically when it comes to construction and economic development?
- What are some factors that need to be considered when evaluating the impact of construction on economic development?
- How can we ensure that construction projects promote sustainable economic growth and development?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, construction plays a crucial role in economic development. By creating job opportunities and boosting the local economy, construction projects like the IFC in Jersey contribute significantly to the area's growth and prosperity. By understanding the importance of construction and its impact on economic development, we can apply these skills to new problems and projects in the future.

Glossary:
- Construction: The process of building structures such as roads, buildings, and bridges.
- Economic Development: The process of improving the economy and standard of living of a community through the promotion of business, job creation, and increased productivity.
- Local Economy: The economy of a specific region or area, typically defined as a city or town.


text:
In Memoriam: Daniel Chemla, 1940-2008

Daniel S. Chemla, an OSA Fellow Emeritus renowned for his contributions to the materials sciences, nanoscience and synchrotron science, died on March 20, 2008 at his home in Kensington, California. He was 67.

Chemla had been director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory’s Materials Science Division and of the lab’s Advanced Light Source (ALS). He also held an appointment as a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley.

Born in Tunisia in 1940, Chemla received his undergraduate degree at l'Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications in Paris, France, and his Ph.D. in non-linear optics from the University of Paris in 1972. He worked at the Centre National d’Etudes des Télécommunications as a member of the technical staff, group leader and department head conducting research on nonlinear optics in dielectric materials, organic molecules and crystals, and compound semiconductors.

In 1981, Chemla joined AT&T Bell Laboratories in Holmdel, NJ, where he initiated research on optoelectronics in semiconductor quantum wells and superlattices. He became Head of the Quantum Physics and Electronic Research Department in 1983. In 1991, he accepted a joint appointment as Professor of Physics at the University of California at Berkeley and Director of Materials Sciences Division and in July, 1998, he was named Director of the Advanced Light Source at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. He is credited with saving the ALS from loss of federal support and with making it one of the nation’s premier scientific user facilities.

His achievements leading the lab's nanoscale work led the Department of Energy to select the Lawrence Berkeley Lab to open the first of five Nanoscale Science Research Centers in the nation. It was dedicated two years ago, and Dr. Chemla named it "The Molecular Foundry."

According to a biography released by UC Berkeley, Dr. Chemla stepped down as head of the Materials Science Division in 2003 to concentrate on leadership of the ALS, but after suffering a stroke and other health problems the next year, he retired from the helm of the ALS in 2005. He continued leading a major research group at the Berkeley lab until recently.

Chemla was elected as a Fellow of OSA in 1989. He was also a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a Fellow of the American Physical Society. He received OSA’s R.W. Wood prize in 1988, and in 1995 he received the IEEE/LEOS Quantum Electronics Award and a Humboldt Research Award. In 2005, on the occasion of his 65th birthday, he was awarded an honorary doctorate by the Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS) in Cachan, France. Also in that same year, the journal Chemical Physics published a special issue entitled "Molecular Nanoscience — In honour of Daniel S. Chemla on his 65th birthday".

Dr. Chemla was internationally known as a martial arts expert - a study he began as a teenager. He was a fifth-degree black belt in karate and translated the "Karate-Do Kyohan," the widely accepted karate master text, into French. Through the years, he also started karate training in Switzerland, Israel and throughout Europe and for 50 years had pupils in America, Canada and many European countries.

Chemla is survived by his wife, Berit, and two children, Yann Chemla, a physicist at the University of Illinois, and Britt Jones, an art historian in Houston.

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Synchrotron Science

**Overview:** Synchrotron science is a powerful tool used by scientists to study materials and their properties at the atomic and molecular level. In this lesson, we will explore what synchrotron science is, how it works, and some of the applications it has in various fields.

**Section 1: What is Synchrotron Science?**

Synchrotron science is a branch of science that uses high-energy X-rays and other types of electromagnetic radiation to study materials and their properties. These high-energy X-rays are produced by accelerating charged particles, such as electrons, to very high speeds in a synchrotron. A synchrotron is a large ring-shaped machine that can accelerate particles to nearly the speed of light.

**Section 2: How does Synchrotron Science work?**

When charged particles are accelerated to high speeds in a synchrotron, they emit radiation in the form of X-rays. These X-rays have much higher energy than the X-rays produced by a hospital or dentist's X-ray machine. The high-energy X-rays can penetrate through materials and reveal information about their structure, composition, and properties.

**Section 3: Applications of Synchrotron Science**

Synchrotron science has many applications in various fields, including:

- Materials Science: Synchrotron science can be used to study the properties of materials, such as their strength, hardness, and ductility. This information can help scientists design better materials for use in aerospace, automotive, and other industries.

- Nanoscience: Synchrotron science can be used to study nanoscale materials, which are materials with dimensions on the order of billionths of a meter. This can help scientists understand how these materials behave differently from their bulk counterparts and develop new technologies based on nanoscale materials.

- Biology: Synchrotron science can be used to study biological structures, such as proteins and DNA. This can help scientists understand how these structures function and interact with each other, which can lead to advances in medicine and drug development.

**Section 4: Practical Examples**

One practical example of synchrotron science is the study of the structure of diamonds. By using high-energy X-rays produced by a synchrotron, scientists can probe the internal structure of diamonds and learn about their unique properties, such as their hardness and ability to transmit light.

Another practical example is the study of proteins. Scientists can use synchrotron science to determine the three-dimensional structure of proteins, which can help them understand how the proteins function and interact with other molecules. This information can be used to develop new drugs and treatments for diseases.

**Section 5: Glossary**

- Synchrotron: A large ring-shaped machine that can accelerate charged particles to nearly the speed of light.
- X-rays: Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths shorter than those of visible light.
- Materials Science: The study of the properties and behavior of materials.
- Nanoscience: The study of materials and phenomena at the nanoscale.
- Nanoscale: Dimensions on the order of billionths of a meter.

**Conclusion:** Synchrotron science is a powerful tool that has many applications in various fields. By studying materials and their properties at the atomic and molecular level, scientists can gain insights into the behavior of these materials and develop new technologies and treatments.


text:
Q:

is there any PyQt 5.10 for raspberry pi 3 for pip3 instal?

I installed PyQt5 to my raspberry pi 3 B+ via apt-get..
But it is looks like PyQt5.7 not 5.10. Which I need to use
out.setVersion(qt.QDataStream.Qt_5_10)

but this PyQt5 only has Qt_5_7.
Is there any PyQt5.10 or above there install able with pip3 or apt  ?

A:

To use PyQt5.11 properly you need to compile from the source for Raspberry pi .
First of all :

SIP must be installed before building and using PyQt5. You can get the latest release of the SIP source code from https://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/sip/download.

The SIP installation instructions can be found at http://pyqt.sourceforge.net/Docs/sip4/installation.html.
Note When building PyQt5 v5.11 or later you must configure SIP to create a private copy of the sip module using a command line similar to the following:
python configure.py --sip-module PyQt5.sip --no-tools
Thank download PyQt5.11 and  :
python3 configure.py
after that:
make
sudo make install
You need to have installed Qt5.10 or later before this.
And be aware that which Qt is configure before above all commands.
Best

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Linear Equations

**Section 1: Theoretical Concepts**

Linear equations are mathematical expressions that show the relationship between two variables. They are written in the form of `ax + b = c`, where `a`, `b`, and `c` are constants, and `x` is the variable. In this lesson, we will learn how to solve linear equations using different methods, such as substitution, elimination, and graphing.

**Section 2: Questions and Answers**

Q: What is the difference between a linear equation and a quadratic equation?
A: A linear equation is an expression that shows the relationship between two variables, while a quadratic equation is an expression that shows the relationship between a variable and a constant. Linear equations have a degree of one, while quadratic equations have a degree of two.

Q: Can a linear equation have more than one solution?
A: Yes, a linear equation can have infinitely many solutions if it is the equation of a straight line. This is because every point on the line is a solution to the equation.

**Section 3: Definitions and Examples**

Definition: A linear equation is an equation that can be written in the form of `ax + b = c`, where `a`, `b`, and `c` are constants, and `x` is the variable.

Example: `3x - 5 = 1` is a linear equation, where `a` = 3, `b` = -5, and `c` = 1.

**Section 4: Real-World Scenarios**

A farmer has 17 apples, and he sells 7 more apples than he had last week. How many apples does he have now?

Solution: Let `x` be the number of apples the farmer sold this week. The farmer had `x + 7` apples last week, so he sold `x - 7` apples this week. Since he sold 7 more apples than he had last week, we can write the equation `x - 7 + 7 = 7`, which simplifies to `x = 7`. Therefore, the farmer has 24 apples now.

**Section 5: Practice Problems**

1. Solve the following linear equation for `x`: `2x + 4 = 10`
2. Write a linear equation that represents the situation described below: A farmer has 5 more chickens than ducks, and he sold 3 fewer chickens than ducks last week.
3. Graph the linear equation `y = 2x + 1` on a coordinate plane.

**Glossary**

- Linear equation: An equation that can be written in the form of `ax + b = c`, where `a`, `b`, and `c` are constants, and `x` is the variable.
- Degree: The highest power of the variable in a polynomial equation.
- Quadratic equation: An equation that can be written in the form of `ax^2 + bx + c = 0`, where `a`, `b`, and `c` are constants, and `x` is the variable.
- Substitution: A method of solving linear equations by isolating one variable and substituting its value into another equation.
- Elimination: A method of solving linear equations by adding or subtracting two equations to eliminate one of the variables.
- Graphing: A method of solving linear equations by plotting the points on a coordinate plane and drawing a line through them.

**Conclusion**

In this lesson, we learned about linear equations and how to solve them using different methods. We also applied this knowledge to real-world scenarios and solved practice problems. By understanding linear equations, we can solve a wide range of problems in mathematics, science, and other fields.


text: Lionel – The Link Between Terrorism & Natural Resources. This is an archived article and the information in the article may be outdated. Please look at the time stamp on the story to see when it was last updated.. Pentagon postpones Trump’s military parade. Russia kicks off massive war games, hosts Putin-Xi meeting. Ending the US-South Korea war games would be a win for Beijing. Russia warns US of pending attack in Syrian area with US troops. Portuguese men-of-war are washing up in South Carolina, officials warn. John McCain, senator and former presidential candidate, dies at 81. Why the US is obligated to defend Montenegro. World Trapshooting Championships return to Sparta, Illinois. EPA commissions a challenge coin for 2017 disaster responders. China ‘likely’ training pilots to target US, Pentagon report says. Woman killed in apparent alligator attack in South Carolina. Authorities on the lookout for missing Connecticut woman. Missouri buses to be upgraded with settlement money from Volkswagen emissions scandal

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Natural Resource Conflicts and their Impact on Society

Introduction:
Natural resources are essential components of our environment that are crucial for human survival. These resources include water, air, soil, minerals, and energy sources such as oil, gas, and coal. However, conflicts over natural resources have been a significant issue in many parts of the world, leading to social, economic, and political instability. In this lesson, we will explore the link between terrorism and natural resources, understand the impact of these conflicts on society, and learn how to analyze and interpret data related to these issues.

Section 1: The Link Between Terrorism and Natural Resources

Topic 1: Why do conflicts over natural resources occur?
- Natural resources are often concentrated in specific areas, leading to competition among different groups or countries for access and control.
- Some groups may seek to exploit natural resources for financial gain, while others may use them as a means of exerting political influence or achieving strategic objectives.
- Conflicts can also arise due to differences in cultural values and beliefs about the appropriate use and management of natural resources.

Topic 2: How do natural resource conflicts contribute to terrorism?
- Conflicts over natural resources can create an environment in which terrorist organizations can thrive. Groups that feel marginalized or excluded from the benefits of natural resources may turn to violence as a means of expressing their grievances or seeking to change the status quo.
- Additionally, natural resources can be used as a source of funding for terrorist activities, either by selling them on the black market or by using them as a means of extortion or coercion.

Section 2: The Impact of Natural Resource Conflicts on Society

Topic 1: Economic Impacts
- Conflicts over natural resources can lead to disruptions in the supply chain, causing shortages and price increases for consumers.
- The cost of maintaining security measures to protect natural resources can be significant, diverting funds away from other important areas such as education and healthcare.
- Conflicts can also lead to job losses and decreased economic growth, as businesses are forced to close or scale back operations.

Topic 2: Social Impacts
- Conflicts over natural resources can create social tensions and divisions within communities, as different groups compete for access to resources or support for their cause.
- Violence and intimidation tactics used by terrorist organizations can lead to fear and anxiety among local populations, undermining social cohesion and trust.
- Displacement of people due to conflicts over natural resources can lead to the loss of cultural heritage and traditions, as well as increased poverty and vulnerability.

Section 3: Analyzing Data Related to Natural Resource Conflicts

Topic 1: Identifying patterns and trends
- By analyzing data on natural resource conflicts, we can identify patterns and trends that help us understand the underlying causes and consequences of these conflicts.
- For example, we may find that conflicts are more likely to occur in areas with high levels of income inequality or where there is a history of political instability.

Topic 2: Evaluating the effectiveness of interventions
- Data analysis can also help us evaluate the effectiveness of different interventions aimed at reducing conflicts over natural resources.
- For example, we may compare the results of community-based natural resource management programs with those of top-down government policies to determine which approach is more effective.

Conclusion:
Understanding the link between terrorism and natural resources, as well as the impact of these conflicts on society, is essential for developing effective policies and interventions. By analyzing data related to natural resource conflicts, we can gain valuable insights into the causes and consequences of these conflicts and work towards finding sustainable solutions that benefit both people and the planet.


text: Established in 1964, the Hambleton is the oldest commercial art gallery in the interior of British Columbia. Over 80 artists are represented and one can take guided tour through the Cultural District where the gallery is now. Major artists represented include Daphne Odjig, Robert Genn, George Bates, Don Li-Leger, Francine Gravel, Sara Genn, Ken Gillespie, Rick Bond, Mara Hofmann, Robyn Lake and Kenna Graff. Ken Kirkby, Nancy Lucas, Ray Ward, Jose Ventura and investment art by Nicholas de Grandmaison and the Group of Seven.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Commercial Art Galleries

**Objective:** To introduce students to the concept of commercial art galleries and their role in promoting and selling artwork.

**Section 1: What is a Commercial Art Gallery?**

A commercial art gallery is a business that buys, sells or rents artwork. These galleries typically represent a variety of artists and their work, and they often take a percentage of the sales as their commission. They play an important role in the art world by providing a platform for artists to showcase their work and connect with potential buyers.

**Section 2: The Role of a Commercial Art Gallery**

Commercial art galleries serve several important functions in the art world. Firstly, they help artists to market and sell their work. This can be especially valuable for emerging artists who may not have a large following or a strong network of collectors. Secondly, galleries provide a space for collectors and enthusiasts to view and purchase artwork. Finally, galleries also play a role in promoting and preserving the arts by organizing exhibitions, events, and educational programs.

**Section 3: Examples of Commercial Art Galleries**

There are many well-known commercial art galleries around the world. Some examples include the Gagosian Gallery, the David Zwirner Gallery, and the Pace Gallery. These galleries represent a wide range of artists, from established names to emerging talents. They also participate in major art fairs, such as the Armory Show and Art Basel, which provide opportunities for artists and collectors to connect.

**Section 4: Conclusion**

Commercial art galleries play an important role in the art world by providing a platform for artists to showcase and sell their work. They also help to promote and preserve the arts by organizing exhibitions, events, and educational programs. By understanding the role of commercial art galleries, we can appreciate their significance in the art world and the valuable service they provide to artists and collectors alike.

**Glossary:**
- **Artist:** A person who creates artwork, such as paintings, sculptures, or photographs.
- **Gallery:** A business that buys, sells or rents artwork.
- **Commission:** A fee charged by the gallery for their services in promoting and selling the artwork.
- **Collector:** A person who buys and collects artwork as an investment or for personal enjoyment.

**Self-Debate Discussion:** Should commercial art galleries be allowed to take a commission on the sales of artwork? Why or why not?


text:
Drilling a well involves using a drill bit inserted into the ground on a drill string. Also included on the drill string may be various tools for, performing tasks associated with drilling the wellbore. For example, when drilling a well, a drill operator often wishes to deviate a wellbore or control its direction to a given point within a producing formation. This operation is known as directional drilling. One example of this is for a water injection well in an oil field that is generally positioned at the edges of the field and at a low point in that field (or formation).
One type of drilling tool for drilling a deviated wellbore is a rotary steerable tool (RST) that controls the direction of a well bore. The RST tool uses an actuator, to manipulate the relative position of an inner sleeve with respect to an outer housing to orient the drill string in the desired drilling direction. The RST tool further includes a “brake” to lock the position of the inner sleeve relative to the outer housing once the desired relative position is obtained. A processor instructs the actuator to move the position of the direction of application of the force on the mandrel. The processor may also be used for determining when the direction of the force applied by the direction controller should be moved. The actuator in the outer housing may move the inner sleeve using a drive train with a very high gear ratio, for example 10,000:1. To determine the relative orientation of the inner sleeve to the outer housing, the RST tool uses the rotation of the motor and a known initial orientation of the inner sleeve to the outer housing to determine a “motor” reference position. As the motor turns, it energizes reference poles. The RST tool monitors and processes the energization of the reference poles, or “clicks”, to resolve the magnitude and direction the motor has turned. The RST tool uses the motor travel information, in addition to the known gear ratio between the inner sleeve and the actuator, to determine the position of the inner sleeve relative to the outer housing at any given time.
One issue that may occur is the ability of the RST tool to process the “clicks” of the motor reference poles. If an excessive external force is applied to the outer housing, the brake is designed to slip, which results in the motor and its drive train turning in that direction. Because the gearing ratio back to the motor may be over 10,000 to 1, the speed at which the end of the motor is spinning may create “clicks” faster than the processor may be able to process. Thus, the processor may miscount the number of “clicks”, resulting in the calculated versus actual position on the inner sleeve relative to the outer housing being out of sync.
Other types of downhole tools may also be included on the drill string. Additionally, other types of downhole tools may be comprised of a mandrel, an inner sleeve, and an outer housing. Still further, other downhole tools may include the use of a magnet on the inner sleeve as a “home position” and a magnetic sensor on the outer housing that detects the magnetic field of the magnet as it rotates relative to the sensor. However, such systems may only determine one position of the inner sleeve relative to the outer housing. Any positions other than the “home position” may not be detected. Additionally, a problem might arise if the magnetic sensor does not detect the magnet and the magnet never rotates past the sensor.

textbook:
Lesson: Directional Drilling

### Introduction

Directional drilling is a technique used in the oil and gas industry to drill wells that are not vertical but instead are angled or curved. This allows for better access to underground resources, such as oil and natural gas, that may be located far away from the drilling site or in areas where it is difficult to drill straight down. In this lesson, we will learn about the different types of directional drilling, the tools and equipment used, and the steps involved in the process.

### Section 1: Types of Directional Drilling

There are two main types of directional drilling:

1. Rotary Steerable Drilling (RSD): This method uses a rotary steerable tool (RST) that is attached to the drill string. The RST has an inner sleeve that can be moved by an actuator to change the direction of the drill bit. Once the desired direction is reached, a brake locks the sleeve in place.

2. Motion Drilling: This method involves attaching a specialized drill bit to the drill string. The bit is designed to move in a specific direction, such as curving to the left or right. The direction of the bit is controlled by adjusting the speed and rotation of the drill string.

### Section 2: Tools and Equipment Used in Directional Drilling

Some of the tools and equipment used in directional drilling include:

1. Drill String: This is a series of drill pipes that are attached together and run from the surface to the drill bit.

2. Drill Bit: This is the part of the drill string that actually penetrates the ground and creates the wellbore.

3. Drill Bits: These are specialized bits that can curve to the left or right, allowing for more precise control over the direction of the wellbore.

4. Rotary Steerable Tool (RST): This is a tool that is attached to the drill string and used to control the direction of the wellbore. It has an inner sleeve that can be moved by an actuator to change the direction of the drill bit.

5. Brake: This is a device that locks the position of the inner sleeve relative to the outer housing once the desired relative position is obtained.

6. Processor: This is a computer that instructs the actuator to move the position of the direction of application of the force on the mandrel.

### Section 3: Steps Involved in Directional Drilling

The steps involved in directional drilling are:

1. Planning: Before drilling begins, engineers use geological data to plan the path of the wellbore. They consider factors such as the location of oil and gas deposits, the terrain, and the depth of the drill site.

2. Drilling: The drill string is lowered into the ground and the drill bit is started. As the wellbore is drilled, the direction of the drill bit is constantly being adjusted to follow the planned path.

3. Coring: As the drill bit passes through different layers of rock, samples are taken to determine their properties, such as porosity and permeability. This information is used to determine the best location to drill into to extract oil or gas.

4. Casing: Once the wellbore has been drilled to the desired depth, a steel casing is lowered into the wellbore to prevent it from collapsing and to protect it from contamination.

5. Production: Once the wellbore has been drilled and cased, the well is ready to be put into production. Oil or gas is extracted from the well and transported to a processing facility.

### Glossary

- Drill string: A series of drill pipes that are attached together and run from the surface to the drill bit.
- Drill bit: The part of the drill string that actually penetrates the ground and creates the wellbore.
- Drill bits: Specialized bits that can curve to the left or right, allowing for more precise control over the direction of the wellbore.
- Rotary Steerable Tool (RST): A tool that is attached to the drill string and used to control the direction of the wellbore.
- Brake: A device that locks the position of the inner sleeve relative to the outer housing once the desired relative position is obtained.
- Processor: A computer that instructs the actuator to move the position of the direction of application of the force on the mandrel.

### Conclusion

Directional drilling is a complex process that requires careful planning and precision execution. By understanding the different types of directional drilling, the tools and equipment used, and the steps involved in the process, we can gain a better appreciation for this important technique in the oil and gas industry.


text: FILE PHOTO: Briton Crispin Odey leaves Westminster Magistrates Court in London on September 28, 2020. REUTERS / Hannah McKay. 3rd November 2020. LONDON (Reuters) – Crispin Odey will step down from running his London-based hedge fund firm as part of a group overhaul and instead focus on managing funds for clients, the firm said Tuesday.. Odey, one of the UK’s best-known hedge fund managers and policy donors, recently pleaded not guilty to indecently assaulting a woman in 1998 and is on bail. A trial is planned for early next year.. As part of the reorganization, Odey Asset Management announced that it had formed a new legal entity, Brook Asset Management, and will be renaming a number of funds under the Brook name in the coming weeks.. Crispin Odey would run a new Brook fund of its own, focused on maintaining capital during times of high inflation, in addition to its other funds, the company said.. (Reporting by Simon Jessop, Editing by Lawrence White). This article originally appeared on

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Hedge Funds

### Section 1: What are Hedge Funds?

Hedge funds are investment vehicles that pool money from multiple investors to invest in various assets, such as stocks, bonds, commodities, and real estate. They are typically managed by professional investors who charge high fees and have a lot of freedom in making investment decisions. Hedge funds aim to achieve high returns for their investors, regardless of market conditions, by using various strategies such as long and short positions, leverage, and derivatives.

### Section 2: How do Hedge Funds Work?

Hedge funds work by taking a percentage of the profits they make for their investors, known as the "management fee." They also take a portion of the profits made from the investments, called "performance fees." These fees can be as high as 20% of the profits earned. Hedge funds are often used by wealthy individuals and institutions to diversify their investments and potentially earn higher returns than traditional investments like mutual funds or exchange-traded funds (ETFs).

### Section 3: Risks of Investing in Hedge Funds

Investing in hedge funds comes with risks. Since hedge funds use leverage and derivatives, they can lose more money than the initial investment. They may also be more susceptible to market volatility and economic downturns. Additionally, hedge funds are not regulated as heavily as other investments, which means there may be less oversight and protection for investors.

### Section 4: Conclusion

In conclusion, hedge funds offer investors the potential for high returns, but they also come with risks. It's essential to understand the fees, strategies, and potential risks associated with hedge funds before investing. As with any investment, it's crucial to do your research and consult with a financial advisor before making a decision.

### Glossary
- Hedge funds: Investment vehicles that pool money from multiple investors to invest in various assets
- Management fee: Percentage of profits charged by hedge funds for managing the investments
- Performance fees: Percentage of profits earned from the investments
- Leverage: Using borrowed money to invest in assets
- Derivatives: Financial instruments whose value is based on an underlying asset
- Volatility: Fluctuations in the value of an investment
- Regulation: Rules and laws governing financial investments


text: opinion and order represent an unqualified victory for the Diocese and Corporation headed by the Rt. Rev. Jack L. Iker, which were both established in 1983. Here is the essential quote from the Court of Appeals' opinion:..... Thus, the Court of Appeals has soundly rejected ECUSA's Machiavellian strategy.... Although ECUSA's own complaint (and motion for summary adjudication) will stand for the time being, Bishop Gulick and his five "trustees" will have all their pleadings stricken, and so will have to start from scratch... Read it all.. Filed under: * Anglican - Episcopal Episcopal Church (TEC) TEC Conflicts TEC Conflicts: Fort Worth * Culture-Watch Law & Legal Issues. Posted June 26, 2010 at 9:30 am [Printer Friendly] [Print w/ comments]. Registered members must log in to comment.. Next entry (above): Walter Russell Mead: Pointless G-20 Summit Unfolds In Toronto. Previous entry (below): Fort Worth: Court of Appeals Grants Petititon for Writ of Mandamus. Return to blog homepage. Return to Mobile view (headlines)

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Legal Systems

Overview:
In this lesson, we will explore the basic principles of legal systems and their role in society. We will cover the following topics:

1. What is a legal system?
2. How does a legal system work?
3. What are the different types of legal systems?
4. How do legal systems differ between countries?

Objectives:
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

1. Define what a legal system is and its purpose.
2. Explain the differences between common law and civil law systems.
3. Describe the role of courts in a legal system.
4. Identify the differences between legal systems in different countries.

Instructions:
Read the following paragraph carefully and answer the questions that follow.

opinion and order represent an unqualified victory for the Diocese and Corporation headed by the Rt. Rev. Jack L. Iker, which were both established in 1983. Here is the essential quote from the Court of Appeals' opinion:..... Thus, the Court of Appeals has soundly rejected ECUSA's Machiavellian strategy.... Although ECUSA's own complaint (and motion for summary adjudication) will stand for the time being, Bishop Gulick and his five "trustees" will have all their pleadings stricken, and so will have to start from scratch... Read it all.. Filed under: * Anglican - Episcopal Episcopal Church (TEC) TEC Conflicts TEC Conflicts: Fort Worth * Culture-Watch Law & Legal Issues. Posted June 26, 2010 at 9:30 am [Printer Friendly] [Print w/ comments]. Registered members must log in to comment.. Next entry (above): Walter Russell Mead: Pointless G-20 Summit Unfolds In Toronto. Previous entry (below): Fort Worth: Court of Appeals Grants Petititon for Writ of Mandamus. Return to blog homepage. Return

1. What is a legal system?
A legal system is a set of rules and principles that govern the behavior of individuals and organizations within a society. It is designed to maintain social order, protect individual rights, and provide a framework for resolving disputes.

2. How does a legal system work?
A legal system works by creating and enforcing laws that are based on a country's constitution or other legal documents. Courts, made up of judges and juries, interpret these laws and decide cases based on the evidence presented. Laws can be changed or updated through a legislative process, and new laws can be created to address emerging issues.

3. What are the different types of legal systems?
There are two main types of legal systems: common law and civil law. Common law systems, such as those found in the United States and England, rely on precedents set by previous court decisions. Judges make decisions based on these precedents, and their decisions become part of the law. Civil law systems, such as those found in France and Germany, have written codes that provide the basis for legal decisions. Judges in these systems interpret the law based on these codes, rather than relying on previous decisions.

4. How do legal systems differ between countries?
Legal systems can vary greatly between countries due to differences in cultural, historical, and political factors. For example, some countries have a common law system while others have a civil law system. Additionally, the specific laws and procedures within a legal system can differ significantly between countries.

Conclusion:
Understanding the basic principles of legal systems is important for anyone who wants to understand how the law works and how it affects their lives. By studying legal systems, we can gain a deeper understanding of our own legal system and how it compares to others around the world.


text: Scientific Investigations: St. Mary's River. From RealCTY. Course Description. Students of this course studied the biology and the chemistry, each for approximately one week. During the remainder, students experienced the river hands-on and are allowed to wade in the river and catch fish and other marine life. Another field trip was taken in an oyster boat.. Class History. St. Mary's River phased out as a course along with the St. Mary's site, given that there was no longer access to the river.

textbook:
Lesson: Scientific Investigations: St. Mary's River

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the scientific investigations conducted on the St. Mary's River. We will explore the biology and chemistry of the river and discuss the methods used to study it.

Section 1: Biology and Chemistry of St. Mary's River

The biology and chemistry of St. Mary's River were studied by students in this course. They spent approximately one week studying each subject.

Biology:
- What are some examples of marine life found in the St. Mary's River?
- How do these organisms interact with each other and their environment?
- What factors affect the population of these organisms?

Chemistry:
- What chemicals are present in the water and sediment of the St. Mary's River?
- How do these chemicals interact with each other?
- What factors affect the concentration of these chemicals?

Section 2: Hands-on Experience with the River

During the remainder of the course, students experienced the St. Mary's River hands-on. They were allowed to wade in the river and catch fish and other marine life.

Questions:
- What safety precautions should be taken when wading in the river?
- How can we ensure that our actions do not harm the marine life in the river?
- What equipment is needed to catch fish and other marine life?

Section 3: Oyster Boat Field Trip

Another field trip was taken in an oyster boat. This provided students with a unique opportunity to learn about the ecology of the river and the importance of oysters in the ecosystem.

Questions:
- What is the role of oysters in the St. Mary's River ecosystem?
- How do oysters affect the water quality and other marine life in the river?
- What factors affect the population of oysters in the river?

Glossary:
- Biology: The study of living organisms and their interactions with each other and their environment
- Chemistry: The study of matter and its interactions at the atomic and molecular level
- Ecology: The study of interactions among organisms and their environment
- Marine life: All forms of plant and animal life that live in or near the ocean or other bodies of saltwater
- Oyster boat: A boat used for harvesting oysters

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the scientific investigations conducted on the St. Mary's River. We explored the biology and chemistry of the river and discussed the methods used to study it. We also discussed the hands-on experience students had with the river and the importance of oysters in the ecosystem. By understanding the science behind the St. Mary's River, we can apply these skills to study other bodies of water and their ecosystems.


text: 'Babies for sale?'. ISS forum on Intercountry Adoption and Global Surrogacy forms foundation for book on Transnational Surrogacy, Human Rights and the Politics of Reproduction. This edited volume by Miranda Davis offers an international study of transnational surrogacy. The book is partly the result of the International Forum on Intercountry Adoption and Global Surrogacy which was held at ISS in August 2014.. This Forum brought together scholars and practitioners from around the world to provide an evidence base for international adoption and surrogacy problems and/or best practices.. In her book, Miranda Davis brings together personal stories and academic analysis and shares the views and experiences of feminist organizations in the countries affected.. - Meer informatie. Transnational surrogacy and the politics of reproduction

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Transnational Surrogacy

## Section 1: What is Transnational Surrogacy?
Transnational surrogacy refers to the process where a woman carries a child for a intended parent(s) from another country. This type of surrogacy often involves the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). The intended parents may live in a different country than the surrogate mother, and the baby may be born in yet another country.

## Section 2: Why do people choose transnational surrogacy?
There are several reasons why people might choose transnational surrogacy. For some, it is because their home country does not allow surrogacy or has strict laws regarding it. Others may choose transnational surrogacy because they cannot conceive a child naturally or because they are in same-sex relationships where one partner may not be able to carry a child. Additionally, some intended parents may prefer to work with a surrogate mother from another country because they feel more comfortable with the legal and medical systems there.

## Section 3: What are the challenges associated with transnational surrogacy?
One of the biggest challenges associated with transnational surrogacy is the legal complexity. Different countries have different laws regarding surrogacy, and these laws can vary widely. For example, some countries may not recognize the parental rights of intended parents who use a surrogate mother from another country. Additionally, there can be issues with the transfer of embryos across borders, as well as concerns about the safety and well-being of both the surrogate mother and the baby.

## Section 4: How can we ensure the safety and well-being of all involved in transnational surrogacy?
To ensure the safety and well-being of all involved in transnational surrogacy, it is important that intended parents work with a reputable agency or clinic that has experience with international surrogacy arrangements. It is also important to have a clear legal contract that outlines the rights and responsibilities of all parties involved. Additionally, intended parents should make sure that they have access to quality medical care and support throughout the pregnancy and after the birth of the baby.

## Section 5: Conclusion
Transnational surrogacy can be a complex and emotional journey for all involved. By understanding the challenges and taking steps to ensure the safety and well-being of everyone involved, intended parents can navigate this process with greater ease and confidence.


text: FEINBRUN-DOTHAN, NAOMI (1900–1995), Israel botanist. Born in Moscow and raised in Kishinev, Feinbrun-Dothan immigrated to Palestine in 1924. Working with Alexander *Eig, she helped gather the plants which formed the basis for the Hebrew University's herbarium. She was part of the Hebrew University from its establishment, becoming a full professor in botany in 1966. She was instrumental in preparation and publishing of Flora Palaestina. In 1991 she was awarded the Israel Prize for knowledge of the Land of Israel.. [Fern Lee Seckbach (2nd ed.)]. Source: Encyclopaedia. Judaica. © 2008 The Gale Group.

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Documentation in Science

Introduction:
Science is a systematic approach to understanding the natural world. Documentation is an essential part of science that helps researchers keep track of their work, share their findings with others, and build on the work of others. In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of documentation in science and how it contributes to the advancement of knowledge.

Section 1: Why Documentation is Important in Science

Topic 1: Keeping Track of Work
- Question: Why is it important for scientists to keep track of their work?
- Answer: Documentation helps scientists remember what they have done, what they have found, and what they need to do next. It also allows them to review their work and make changes if necessary.

Topic 2: Sharing Findings with Others
- Question: Why is it important for scientists to share their findings with others?
- Answer: Documentation allows scientists to share their work with others so that others can build on their findings. This helps advance knowledge in a particular field and allows scientists to collaborate with each other.

Topic 3: Building on the Work of Others
- Question: How does documentation help scientists build on the work of others?
- Answer: Documentation provides a record of what others have done, allowing scientists to build on their work. This helps avoid duplication of effort and allows scientists to focus on areas that still need exploration.

Section 2: Examples of Documentation in Science

Topic 1: Lab Notebooks
- Question: What is a lab notebook and why is it important?
- Answer: A lab notebook is a record of all experiments conducted in a laboratory. It includes details of the experiment, observations made, and conclusions drawn. Lab notebooks are important because they provide a record of the work done and help scientists remember what they did and what they found.

Topic 2: Scientific Papers
- Question: What is a scientific paper and why is it important?
- Answer: A scientific paper is a written report of original research results. It is important because it allows scientists to share their findings with others and allows others to review and critique their work. Scientific papers are also important for building a body of knowledge in a particular field.

Section 3: Conclusion

In conclusion, documentation is an essential part of science. It helps scientists keep track of their work, share their findings with others, and build on the work of others. By documenting their work, scientists can contribute to the advancement of knowledge in their field.


text:
Display integer periods instead of dates (e.g. ...,-1,0,1,...) with the value scaled to 100 at period 0.

Integer start/endto

Modify frequency:

Aggregation method:

Customize data:

Write a custom formula to transform one or more series or combine two or more series.

You can begin by adding a series to combine with your existing series.

Now create a custom formula to combine or transform the series.
Need help? []

For example, invert an exchange rate by using formula 1/a, where “a” refers to the first FRED data series added to this line.
Or calculate the spread between 2 interest rates, a and b, by using the formula a - b.

Use the assigned data series variables (a, b, c, etc.) together with operators (+, -, *, /, ^, etc.), parentheses {(,)}, and constants (1, 1.5, 2, etc.) to create your own formula (e.g., 1/a, a-b, (a+b)/2, (a/(a+b+c))*100).
As noted above, you may add other data series to this line before entering a formula.

Notes:

Industry based on North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Please consult the U.S. Census Bureau (http://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/) for additional information about NAICS.

Suggested Citation:

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis,
Health Care and Social Assistance Wages and Salaries in West Virginia [WVWHEA],
retrieved from FRED,
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis;
https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/WVWHEA,
March 19, 2018.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Read and Interpret Economic Data

Introduction:

Economic data is essential for understanding the performance of an economy. However, reading and interpreting economic data can be challenging for many people. This lesson will teach you how to read and interpret economic data using various economic indicators.

Section 1: Understanding Economic Indicators

Economic indicators are measurements that help us understand the performance of an economy. Some common economic indicators include Gross Domestic Product (GDP), inflation rate, unemployment rate, and consumer confidence index.

Question: What is the difference between nominal GDP and real GDP?
Answer: Nominal GDP measures the value of goods and services produced in an economy without adjusting for inflation. Real GDP, on the other hand, adjusts the nominal GDP for inflation, providing a better measure of economic growth.

Section 2: Reading Economic Data

To read economic data, you need to understand the data's source, the time period covered, and the units used to measure the data. For example, when looking at employment data, you should consider the industry, occupation, and education level of the workers.

Question: How do you read employment data?
Answer: When reading employment data, you should consider the industry, occupation, and education level of the workers. You should also look at the trends over time and compare the data to historical averages.

Section 3: Interpreting Economic Data

Once you have read the economic data, you need to interpret it to understand its meaning. You should look for patterns, trends, and anomalies in the data. You should also consider the context in which the data was collected.

Question: How do you interpret employment data?
Answer: To interpret employment data, you should look for patterns, trends, and anomalies in the data. You should also consider the context in which the data was collected, such as changes in government policies or technological advancements.

Section 4: Applying Economic Data to Real-World Scenarios

Economic data can help you make informed decisions about your personal finances, investments, and business operations. By understanding the economic indicators and their significance, you can make better decisions.

Question: How can you use economic data to make better decisions?
Answer: By understanding the economic indicators and their significance, you can make better decisions about your personal finances, investments, and business operations. For example, if you are considering investing in a particular stock, you can look at the company's financial statements and economic indicators to determine whether it is a good investment.

Conclusion:

Understanding economic data is essential for making informed decisions about your personal finances, investments, and business operations. By reading and interpreting economic data, you can gain valuable insights into the performance of an economy and make better decisions.

Glossary:

- Gross Domestic Product (GDP): The total value of all goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific time period.
- Inflation Rate: The rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising, and, subsequently, the purchasing power of currency is falling.
- Unemployment Rate: The percentage of the labor force that is without work but actively seeking employment.
- Consumer Confidence Index: A measure of consumers' sentiment about current and future economic conditions.

References:

- U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis: https://www.bea.gov/
- U.S. Census Bureau: https://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/
- U.S. Department of Labor: https://www.bls.gov/


text: Came here with colleagues. The view of Lagos from here is extremely nice. The overall decor was equally good. As it was a weekday, I would have expected a little more attention to detail from the waiters as the restaurant was not full. The food was good, with a good range on offer. Definitely a... read more.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Write a Restaurant Review

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to write a restaurant review. A restaurant review is a critical analysis of a restaurant's food, service, and atmosphere. It helps potential customers decide whether they want to dine at that particular restaurant or not.

Section 1: Understanding the Purpose of a Restaurant Review

The purpose of a restaurant review is to provide an honest and accurate account of the dining experience. It should include the quality of the food, the service provided by the waitstaff, and the ambiance of the restaurant. A restaurant review should help readers make informed decisions about where to eat and provide valuable feedback to the restaurant.

Section 2: How to Write a Restaurant Review

1. Start with an introduction that sets the scene and provides context for the review. This could include the location, date, and time of the visit, as well as any special occasions or reasons for dining at the restaurant.

2. Describe the restaurant's atmosphere and decor. Was it busy or quiet? Was the music too loud or just right? Did the lighting create a cozy or romantic ambiance?

3. Move on to the food. Describe the menu items you ordered and provide your thoughts on their taste, texture, and presentation. Use specific details to illustrate your points.

4. Discuss the service provided by the waitstaff. Were they attentive and friendly, or did they seem disinterested and unprofessional? Did they check on you frequently or leave you alone for long periods?

5. Conclude the review by summarizing your overall experience at the restaurant. Would you recommend it to others? Would you return? Why or why not?

Section 3: Practical Examples

Example 1:
I recently visited a new restaurant called "The Gourmet Bistro." The atmosphere was cozy and intimate, with dim lighting and soft jazz music playing in the background. I ordered the grilled salmon with roasted vegetables and a side of mashed potatoes. The food was delicious, with perfectly cooked salmon and flavorful vegetables. However, the waitstaff was inattentive, leaving us to fend for ourselves for much of the meal. Despite this, I would still recommend The Gourmet Bistro to others, as the food was excellent and the price was reasonable.

Example 2:
My friends and I decided to try out a new sushi place called "Sushi Sensation." The restaurant had a modern and sleek design, with large windows overlooking the city skyline. We ordered several rolls and a few entrees, all of which were fresh and delicious. The waitstaff was attentive and friendly, checking on us frequently to ensure we had everything we needed. Overall, we had a great experience at Sushi Sensation and would definitely return.

Section 4: Self-Debating Discussions

1. How important is the ambiance of a restaurant compared to the quality of the food and service?
2. Should a restaurant review be positive or negative to be effective?
3. Can a restaurant improve its rating based on a negative review?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, writing a restaurant review is an important tool for both customers and restaurants. By providing honest and accurate feedback, customers can help other diners make informed decisions about where to eat, while restaurants can use the feedback to improve their offerings and service. Remember to focus on the quality of the food, service provided, and ambiance when writing a restaurant review.