text: Iceland’s export of EV expertise aims to put the freeze on automotive pollutants. DS10, Energy. Posted on: 05/25/10. “Iceland is unique in the sense that the country’s usage of energy is already 80 percent sustainable,” reports Pétur Albert Haraldsson. Although international air travelers may wish that Iceland?s infamous Eyjafjallajokull volcano put its ash somewhere else, the underlying geographic conditions belching super-heated gases from below are assisting with a global push toward wider implementation of electric vehicles and subsequent independence from petroleum. Read the full article here.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Electric Vehicles (EVs)

**Objective:** Understand the basics of Electric Vehicles (EVs), their benefits, and how they work.

**Glossary:**
- Electric Vehicle (EV): A vehicle powered by electricity, which uses one or more electric motors for propulsion.
- Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV): An EV that draws power from rechargeable battery packs.
- Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV): An EV that combines an internal combustion engine and an electric motor.
- Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV): An EV that can be plugged in to recharge its battery and also has a gasoline engine.

**Section 1: Introduction to EVs**

- EVs are gaining popularity worldwide due to their environmental benefits and cost savings.
- Iceland is leading the way in EV adoption with 80% of its energy coming from renewable sources.
- EVs are powered by electricity, either from batteries or through a combination of batteries and a gasoline engine.

**Section 2: Benefits of EVs**

- EVs produce zero tailpipe emissions, reducing air pollution and helping to combat climate change.
- EVs are cheaper to operate than traditional gasoline-powered vehicles, as they require less maintenance and have lower fuel costs.
- EVs can be charged at home, reducing the need for trips to the gas station.
- EVs are quieter than traditional vehicles, making them easier to hear other sounds on the road.

**Section 3: How EVs Work**

- EVs use electric motors instead of gasoline engines to power the wheels.
- The energy required to power the motor comes from a battery pack, which can be charged by plugging the vehicle into an outlet.
- Some EVs also have a gasoline engine as a backup power source, known as a range extender.
- The efficiency of an EV depends on several factors, including the type of vehicle, driving habits, and environmental conditions.

**Section 4: Practical Examples**

- One example of an EV is the Nissan Leaf, which is powered solely by a battery and has a range of up to 226 miles on a single charge.
- Another example is the Chevrolet Volt, which uses a gasoline engine to extend its range when the battery is depleted.
- EVs can be charged at home, at work, or at public charging stations.

**Conclusion:**

Understanding the basics of Electric Vehicles is essential for anyone interested in reducing their carbon footprint and saving money on transportation costs. By learning about the benefits and mechanics of EVs, we can make informed decisions about whether an EV is right for us and how to integrate it into our lives.


text: Book the entire stadium. Over 2,500 people per week, every week of the year, come along to enjoy the thrills and excitement of an evening of live greyhound racing action. However, during the day time Monday to Sunday or Monday, Tuesday, Thursday and Sunday nights the entire stadium is available for hire (subject to availability).. With seating for over 1,000 guests, the possibilities are endless, so allow us to create a bespoke package to suit your needs. Our prices are extremely competitive when compared to similar facilities like hotels, conference centres and training establishments.

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson: How to Plan a Successful Event

Introduction:
Planning a successful event requires careful consideration of various factors such as venue, guest list, catering, entertainment, and budget. In this lesson, we will learn how to plan a successful event by breaking down each factor and providing practical examples and real-world scenarios.

Section 1: Venue Selection

Topic 1: Venue Capacity
- What is venue capacity?
- Why is it important?
- How do you calculate venue capacity?
- Example: A stadium has a capacity of 2,500 people.

Topic 2: Venue Availability
- What does it mean for a venue to be available?
- How do you check if a venue is available?
- Example: A stadium is available for hire on Monday to Sunday or Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, and Sunday nights.

Topic 3: Venue Cost
- What is the cost of renting a venue?
- How do you negotiate the price?
- Example: The cost of renting a stadium varies depending on the day of the week and the package chosen.

Discussion:
- Why is it essential to consider venue capacity, availability, and cost when planning an event?
- How can you determine which venue is the best fit for your event?
- What are some factors to consider when negotiating the price of a venue?

Section 2: Guest List Planning

Topic 1: Target Audience
- What is a target audience?
- Why is it important?
- How do you identify your target audience?
- Example: The target audience for a greyhound racing event is dog lovers and racing enthusiasts.

Topic 2: Invitation List
- What is an invitation list?
- Why is it important?
- How do you create an invitation list?
- Example: An invitation list for a greyhound racing event includes regular attendees, potential sponsors, and media personnel.

Topic 3: Attendance Prediction
- How do you predict attendance?
- What factors affect attendance?
- Example: The attendance for a greyhound racing event can be predicted based on past attendance records, current promotions, and weather conditions.

Discussion:
- How can you ensure that your guest list is diverse and inclusive?
- What are some strategies for increasing attendance?
- How can you measure the success of your guest list planning?

Section 3: Budget Planning

Topic 1: Event Expenses
- What are event expenses?
- Why is it important to plan for event expenses?
- How do you estimate event expenses?
- Example: The expenses for a greyhound racing event include venue rental, catering, and entertainment.

Topic 2: Revenue Generation
- What is revenue generation?
- Why is it important?
- How do you generate revenue for your event?
- Example: Revenue for a greyhound racing event can be generated through ticket sales, sponsorships, and merchandise sales.

Topic 3: Breakeven Point
- What is the breakeven point?
- Why is it important?
- How do you calculate the breakeven point?
- Example: To determine the breakeven point for a greyhound racing event, you need to divide the total expenses by the number of tickets sold.

Discussion:
- How can you minimize event expenses while still maintaining quality?
- What are some creative ways to generate revenue for your event?
- How can you ensure that your event is profitable?

Glossary:
- Venue: A place where an event takes place.
- Target audience: The group of people that an event is designed for.
- Invitation list: A list of people who are invited to an event.
- Attendance prediction: An estimate of how many people will attend an event.
- Event expenses: The costs associated with planning and hosting an event.
- Revenue generation: The process of creating income or profit from an event.
- Breakeven point: The point at which the total expenses and revenue of an event are equal.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, planning a successful event requires careful consideration of various factors such as venue, guest list, catering, entertainment, and budget. By breaking down each factor and providing practical examples and real-world scenarios, we have learned how to plan a successful event. By applying these concepts, we can create memorable and impactful events that leave a lasting impression on our guests.


text: MOSCOW (Sputnik) — According to the reports, 13 Iranian organizations are participating in the Syrian fair.. Launched for the first time in 1954, the Damascus International Fair is the biggest and oldest fair in the Middle East. The 59th fair started in the Syrian capital on Thursday for the first time since the armed conflict began in the country in 2011. Over 2,000 delegates from various countries are expected to visit the event in 2017.. "Iranian organizations, firms and provincial commerce chambers are able to meet Syria's business needs and help the country implement its reconstruction projects," Hossein Selahvarzi said as quoted by the Iranian Fars News Agency.. The official urged the Syrian minister to take all the necessary steps to facilitate free Iran-Syria trade, the agency reported, adding that Khalil, in turn, expressed his hope that the ICCIMA would contribute to the enhancement of the bilateral economic cooperation.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Economic Cooperation

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Economic cooperation refers to the collaboration between two or more countries to promote trade, investment, and economic growth. This can be achieved through various means such as signing trade agreements, forming joint ventures, and engaging in mutual investments. In this lesson, we will explore the concept of economic cooperation and its benefits.

### Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's consider the case of Iran and Syria. Both countries have been affected by political instability and economic sanctions. However, they have recently started to work together to promote economic cooperation. For instance, Iran has provided Syria with humanitarian aid, including food and medicine, while Syria has offered oil and gas exploration rights to Iranian companies.

### Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

One real-world scenario where economic cooperation can be applied is in the formation of trade blocs. A trade bloc is a group of countries that agree to remove tariffs and other trade barriers among themselves while imposing them on goods from outside the bloc. An example of this is the European Union, which consists of 27 member states that have formed a single market for goods, services, capital, and labor.

### Glossary
- Trade Agreements: Contracts between two or more countries that govern their commercial relationship
- Joint Ventures: A partnership between two or more companies to undertake a specific project or business activity
- Mutual Investments: Investments made by one country in another country's economy
- Tariffs: Taxes imposed on imported goods by the government of a country
- Single Market: A market where goods, services, capital, and labor can move freely between member states without any internal barriers to trade

### Conclusion

In conclusion, economic cooperation is an essential tool for promoting international trade and economic growth. By understanding the theoretical concepts, analyzing practical examples, and applying real-world scenarios, we can gain a deeper understanding of how economic cooperation works and its benefits. This knowledge can be applied to various industries and situations, making it a valuable skill to have in today's global economy.


text: Llamasoft founder Jeff Minter has revealed that the studio was forced to abandon development for iOS after the platform proved to be unsustainable.. The Space Giraffe, Tempest 2000 and Gridrunner creator said on the dev’s blog: .”. Llamasoft’s first iOS title Minotaur Rescue was released in 2011 and followed by other games including GoatUp, Super Ox Wars and a Gridrunner spin-off. The developer’s latest mobile effort was 2013 sequel GoatUp 2.. “The hardware was nice to work with and well suited to the kind of games I like to do, and I enjoyed the challenge of overcoming the difficulty of doing decent controls on a touchscreen and making something you could happily play on a phone or tablet,” Minter said..  ‘nothing’ side of the divide, and not much room for that middle ground I was looking for.”

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Sustainability in Game Development

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of sustainability in game development. We will explore why it is crucial for developers to consider the long-term viability of their games and how they can ensure that their games remain profitable over time.

Section 1: The Concept of Sustainability in Game Development

Topic 1: What is Sustainability in Game Development?
Sustainability in game development refers to the ability of a game to generate revenue over an extended period. It involves creating a game that can attract and retain players, keep them engaged, and encourage them to spend money on in-game purchases or subscriptions.

Topic 2: Why is Sustainability Important?
Sustainability is essential because it ensures that a game remains profitable for the developer. A sustainable game can continue to generate revenue even after its initial release, which means that developers can continue to invest in and support the game. This, in turn, leads to a better gaming experience for players and helps to build a loyal community around the game.

Topic 3: How Can Developers Ensure Sustainability?
Developers can ensure sustainability by considering several factors during the game development process. These include:

- Designing a game that is engaging and fun to play
- Creating a game that is easy to monetize through in-app purchases or subscriptions
- Building a community around the game and fostering a sense of loyalty among players
- Continuously updating and improving the game to keep players engaged and interested

Section 2: Practical Examples of Sustainable Games

Topic 1: Candy Crush Saga
Candy Crush Saga is a popular mobile game that has been downloaded over 500 million times. The game is free to play, but players can make in-app purchases to buy extra lives, boosts, and power-ups. The game's simplicity and addictive gameplay have made it a massive hit, and its sustainability comes from the fact that it offers regular updates and new levels to keep players engaged.

Topic 2: Fortnite
Fortnite is a popular online game that has become a cultural phenomenon. The game is free to play, but players can purchase in-game currency to buy skins, emotes, and other cosmetic items. Fortnite's sustainability comes from its frequent updates, events, and collaborations with popular culture, which keep players engaged and interested.

Section 3: Critical Thinking Questions

Topic 1: How can developers balance the need for a game to be engaging and fun while also ensuring that it is sustainable?
Answer: Developers must strike a balance between creating a game that is enjoyable to play while also considering how it can generate revenue over time. This can be achieved by designing a game that is easy to monetize, regularly updating the game to keep players engaged, and building a community around the game.

Topic 2: How important is sustainability in the gaming industry?
Answer: Sustainability is crucial in the gaming industry because it ensures that a game remains profitable for the developer. A sustainable game can continue to generate revenue even after its initial release, which means that developers can continue to invest in and support the game, leading to a better gaming experience for players.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, sustainability in game development is crucial for ensuring that a game remains profitable over time. By considering the long-term viability of their games, developers can create games that are engaging, fun to play, and easy to monetize. By regularly updating and improving their games, developers can keep players engaged and interested, leading to a loyal community around the game.


text:
Deck One – Architectural Visualization

xoio could support the marketing material for DECK ONE:

Thanks to TPA – the design agency – we were commissioned the developppment of several interior and exterior renderings for the porject “Deck One” in Spandau, Berlin. Located right at the waterfront of the river Havel MK architects designed a high-rise building overlooking the scenic landscacpe – thus setting urban and natural elements in an exciting dialogue.

The breifing asked for interior and exterior images inlcuding bird views captured at various daylight and nighttime moments. For the drone footage we collaborated with Manual Frauendorf from Skyfilm Berlin, who provided us with great material for the photo-montage. All the photographic backplates used for the eyelevel shots we managed internally.

We hope we could support the marketing as expected the want to thank the project-team for this fantastic project.

source: minipile

textbook:
Title: Introduction to Architectural Visualization

In this lesson, we will learn about architectural visualization, its importance in the architecture industry, and how it helps in marketing and promoting buildings and structures. We will also explore the different types of visualizations and the software used for creating them.

Section 1: What is Architectural Visualization?

Architectural visualization is the process of creating images, videos, and animations that showcase the design of a building or structure. It is an essential tool in the architecture industry, as it helps architects, designers, and developers communicate their ideas to clients, stakeholders, and the public.

Visualization can be used for various purposes, such as:

- Marketing and promoting buildings and structures
- Showcasing the design to clients and stakeholders
- Obtaining approvals from local authorities
- Communicating the design to contractors and builders

Section 2: Types of Architectural Visualization

There are several types of architectural visualization, including:

1. Sketches and drawings: These are hand-drawn or computer-generated images that show the design of a building or structure.

2. 3D models: These are digital representations of a building or structure that can be rotated and viewed from different angles.

3. Renderings: These are photorealistic images that show the design of a building or structure in a real-world environment.

4. Animations: These are moving images that show the design of a building or structure over time, such as a fly-through of a building site.

5. Virtual reality (VR): This is an immersive experience that allows users to explore a building or structure in a virtual environment.

Section 3: Software Used for Architectural Visualization

There are several software programs used for architectural visualization, including:

1. AutoCAD: This is a computer-aided design (CAD) program that allows architects to create 2D and 3D models of buildings and structures.

2. Revit: This is a building information modeling (BIM) software that allows architects to create 3D models of buildings and structures and manage all aspects of the design process.

3. SketchUp: This is a 3D modeling program that is easy to use and allows architects to create 3D models quickly and efficiently.

4. V-Ray: This is a rendering engine that allows architects to create photorealistic images of their designs.

5. Unity: This is a game engine that can be used to create virtual reality experiences.

Section 4: Conclusion

Architectural visualization is an essential tool in the architecture industry, as it helps communicate design ideas to clients, stakeholders, and the public. By understanding the different types of visualization and the software used for creating them, architects can create compelling visual representations of their designs that help sell their projects and achieve their goals.


text: The benefits of eLearning for both individuals and organisations are not just limited to content that is easily accessed anytime and anywhere, there are other significant advantages, such as reduced training costs, instant access and flexibility for the learner.. Contact us to find out more about remote learning opportunities, delivered to your place of work or home.

textbook:
Lesson: The Advantages of eLearning
Introduction:
In this lesson, we will explore the various advantages of eLearning for both individuals and organizations. We will cover the benefits of being able to access content at any time, reduced training costs, and the flexibility that eLearning provides. By the end of this lesson, you will have a better understanding of why eLearning is becoming increasingly popular and how it can benefit you.
Section 1: Accessibility
One of the biggest advantages of eLearning is the ability to access content at any time. With traditional learning methods, you are limited by the hours of operation of the educational institution. However, with eLearning, you can access the content whenever you want, wherever you are. This means that you can learn at your own pace and on your own schedule.
Section 2: Reduced Training Costs
Another advantage of eLearning is the reduced costs associated with training. Traditional training methods can be expensive, especially when you factor in the cost of travel, accommodation, and other expenses. With eLearning, however, you can save money on these expenses as you can complete the training from the comfort of your own home. Additionally, eLearning courses are often less expensive than traditional courses.
Section 3: Flexibility
eLearning provides flexibility for both the learner and the organization. Learners can complete the course at their own pace, which means that they can take as much time as they need to understand the material. Additionally, organizations can customize the course to meet their specific needs. This means that they can tailor the course to their industry and their employees' specific roles.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, eLearning provides many advantages for both individuals and organizations. It is accessible, cost-effective, and flexible. By taking advantage of eLearning opportunities, you can gain knowledge and skills that will help you in your personal and professional life. So, why wait? Contact us today to find out more about our remote learning opportunities.
Glossary:
- eLearning: a type of learning that takes place over the internet.
- Accessibility: the ability to access something easily.
- Reduced costs: lower than usual expenses.
- Flexibility: the ability to adapt to different situations.
- Customization: the process of tailoring something to meet specific needs.


text: Description. This backpack with a large inner compartment shows round shapes, a patch of leather effect fabrics in different colours and matching embroidered mandalas.. Zip fastener. One front pocket and one small pocket inside, both with zipper. Large capacity inner compartment. Patch of leather effect fabrics in different brown tones. Matching embroidered mandalas. Metal trimmings. Measurements: 28 (l.), 11 (w.), 35.5 (h.) cm.. Double strap for backpack and short carrying handle. Shoe sole material:. Fabric padding material:. Reviews. There are no reviews yet.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Shapes and Geometry in Real Life

Introduction:
Geometry is the branch of mathematics that deals with points, lines, shapes, and their properties. It is an essential subject that helps us understand the world around us. In this lesson, we will explore different shapes and their properties, and learn how to apply geometry in real-life scenarios.

Section 1: Basic Shapes

Topic 1: Circles
- Definition: A circle is a round shape with all points on its edge at an equal distance from the center.
- Example: A pizza is a perfect example of a circle.
- Properties: The circumference of a circle is given by the formula C = 2πr, where r is the radius.

Topic 2: Triangles
- Definition: A triangle is a three-sided shape with three vertices and three angles.
- Example: A kite is a type of triangle with two equal sides and two equal angles.
- Properties: The sum of the interior angles of a triangle is always 180 degrees.

Topic 3: Rectangles
- Definition: A rectangle is a four-sided shape with four right angles and opposite sides of equal length.
- Example: A piece of paper is a rectangular shape.
- Properties: The perimeter of a rectangle is given by the formula P = 2l + 2w, where l is the length and w is the width.

Section 2: Advanced Shapes

Topic 1: Squares
- Definition: A square is a four-sided shape with four right angles and opposite sides of equal length.
- Example: A chessboard is made up of squares.
- Properties: The area of a square is given by the formula A = s^2, where s is the side length.

Topic 2: Cubes
- Definition: A cube is a three-dimensional shape with six square faces of equal size.
- Example: A dice is a cube with each face having a different number.
- Properties: The volume of a cube is given by the formula V = a^3, where a is the edge length.

Section 3: Applying Geometry in Real Life

Topic 1: Architecture
- Example: Architects use geometry to design buildings and structures that are aesthetically pleasing and structurally sound.
- Questions: How do architects use geometry to design buildings? What types of shapes do they use?

Topic 2: Engineering
- Example: Engineers use geometry to design machines and devices that function efficiently and safely.
- Questions: How do engineers use geometry to design machines? What types of shapes do they use?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, geometry is an essential subject that helps us understand the world around us. By studying different shapes and their properties, we can apply this knowledge to various fields such as architecture and engineering. By practicing these skills, we can develop critical thinking and problem-solving abilities that will serve us well in our future endeavors.

Glossary:
- Circle: A round shape with all points on its edge at an equal distance from the center.
- Triangle: A three-sided shape with three vertices and three angles.
- Rectangle: A four-sided shape with four right angles and opposite sides of equal length.
- Square: A four-sided shape with four right angles and opposite sides of equal length.
- Cube: A three-dimensional shape with six square faces of equal size.
- Perimeter: The total length of the edges of a shape.
- Area: The amount of space inside a shape.
- Volume: The amount of space occupied by a shape.


text: To help streamline the ordering and printing process, the marketing and communications office is transferring the coordination of stationery reprint orders to printing services. This will allow printing services to manage the stationery requests from start to finish. This new process applies to all general stationery needs, such as office letterhead and envelopes. Please use the stationery reprint order form to place orders. The form is available at this link. If you are ordering materials as part of a mailing or as a part of an invitation packet, electronic letterhead, or specialized letterhead, these items will still be handled through marketing and communications.. If you have any questions, contact Linda Gill at cady@up.edu, or call 8100.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Place an Order for Stationery Reprints

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to place an order for stationery reprints. We will cover the following topics:

1. Understanding the new process for ordering stationery reprints
2. Completing the stationery reprint order form
3. Submitting the order form and receiving your stationery reprints

I. Understanding the new process for ordering stationery reprints

The marketing and communications office has decided to transfer the coordination of stationery reprint orders to printing services. This means that printing services will now manage the stationery requests from start to finish. This new process applies to all general stationery needs, such as office letterhead and envelopes.

II. Completing the stationery reprint order form

To place an order for stationery reprints, you will need to fill out the stationery reprint order form. The form can be found at this link. Here are the steps to follow when filling out the form:

1. Enter your name and contact information.
2. Select the type of stationery you need reprinted (e.g., letterhead, envelopes).
3. Enter the quantity of stationery you need reprinted.
4. Choose the size and color of the stationery.
5. Specify any special instructions or requirements (e.g., if you need the stationery by a certain date).
6. Review your order and submit the form.

III. Submitting the order form and receiving your stationery reprints

Once you have filled out the stationery reprint order form, you will need to submit it to printing services. You can do this by emailing the form to the appropriate contact person. Once your order has been received and reviewed, printing services will begin processing your stationery reprints.

You will receive an email notification when your stationery reprints are ready for pickup. To pick up your reprints, please visit the printing services office during regular business hours. You will need to present your UP ID card to verify your identity and receive your stationery reprints.

Conclusion:

In this lesson, we learned how to place an order for stationery reprints. We covered the new process for ordering stationery reprints, how to complete the stationery reprint order form, and what to do once the order has been submitted. By following these steps, you can ensure that your stationery reprint order is processed quickly and efficiently.


text: Nella Wissema. Violinist and child prodigy whose eponymous quartet performed regularly in London and Manchester and championed new music. The violinist Nella Wissema was a much-fêted child prodigy who later established a busy career as a soloist and chamber musician, first in South Africa and then Britain. She was best known in this country as the leader of the highly regarded Wissema String Quartet, a versatile group which in its heyday in the 1960s and 1970s toured widely and gave broadcast performances of works ranging from Haydn to Holmboe.. Petronella Sophie Wissema was born in Basle, Switzerland, in 1921, to a Dutch musician and his German wife. Soon afterwards the family moved to Amsterdam, where she took up the violin at the age of 3, taught by her father Halbe, a peripatetic violin teacher.. In 1930 Wissema’s father took his family to live in…

textbook:
Lesson: The Life and Career of Nella Wissema

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the life and career of Nella Wissema, a violinist and child prodigy who championed new music. We will explore her early life, education, and accomplishments as a musician.

Section 1: Early Life and Education
Petronella Sophie Wissema was born in Basle, Switzerland, in 1921, to a Dutch musician and his German wife. Soon afterwards the family moved to Amsterdam, where she took up the violin at the age of 3, taught by her father Halbe, a peripatetic violin teacher.

Questions:
- What was Wissema's nationality?
- When was she born?
- Which instrument did she start playing at the age of 3?

Answer:
Wissema was born in Basle, Switzerland, in 1921. She started playing the violin at the age of 3, taught by her father Halbe, a peripatetic violin teacher.

Section 2: Career as a Violinist and Child Prodigy
The violinist Nella Wissema was a much-fêted child prodigy who later established a busy career as a soloist and chamber musician, first in South Africa and then Britain. She was best known in this country as the leader of the highly regarded Wissema String Quartet, a versatile group which in its heyday in the 1960s and 1970s toured widely and gave broadcast performances of works ranging from Haydn to Holmboe.

Questions:
- What was Wissema's career as a musician?
- In which countries did she perform first?
- What was her most notable accomplishment in Britain?

Answer:
Wissema was a child prodigy who later established a busy career as a soloist and chamber musician. She first performed in South Africa and then Britain. Her most notable accomplishment in Britain was leading the highly regarded Wissema String Quartet, which toured widely and gave broadcast performances of works ranging from Haydn to Holmboe.

Section 3: Legacy and Impact
In 1930 Wissema’s father took his family to live in…

Questions:
- What year did Wissema's father take his family to live in?
- What impact did Wissema have on the music industry?

Answer:
Wissema's father took his family to live in… In what way did Wissema impact the music industry?

Glossary:
- Peripatetic: traveling or working itinerantly
- Fêted: celebrated
- Chamber musician: a musician who specializes in performing and composing music for small ensembles such as string quartets

Conclusion:
Nella Wissema was a remarkable violinist and child prodigy who made significant contributions to the music industry. Through her work with the Wissema String Quartet, she championed new music and helped pave the way for future musicians. By studying her life and career, we can gain valuable insights into the dedication, talent, and passion required to succeed in the world of music.


text: Shipping of ordered and paid products is carried out by the “Yurtiçi Kargo” transport company.. ORDER PREPARATION. The term for preparing an order for dispatch is 1 business day after payment’s confirmation. Confirmation of payment is considered the moment of receipt of funds to the company's current account.. After sending the goods to the customer, the order is assigned a unique order number. Customer can independently monitor the status of the order in his personal account.. DELIVERY TIME. Delivery time, from the moment of transferring the order from the online store or the Company's Service Center to the delivery service, depends on the remoteness of the region and is approximately, by territory:. COST OF DELIVERY. The cost is 17 lire, regardless of the dimensions of the parcel and delivery address in Turkey.. Still have questions?. If you have any questions about service and delivery, contact the call center or write to E-mail nlistanbul@nlstar.com

textbook:
Title: How to Track Your Order Status
Level: Primary School
Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to track your order status using a tracking number. We will also learn about the different stages of shipping and how long it takes for your package to arrive.
Section 1: What is a Tracking Number?
A tracking number is a unique code assigned to your package when it is shipped. It helps you track the progress of your package as it moves from one place to another.
Section 2: How to Track Your Order Status
To track your order status, follow these steps:
1. Go to the website of the company that shipped your package.
2. Click on the "Track Your Package" button.
3. Enter your tracking number in the space provided.
4. Click on the "Track" button.
5. A new page will open with information about your package's progress.
Section 3: Stages of Shipping
Shipping involves several stages, including:
1. Order Preparation: This is the stage where your package is prepared for shipment. It usually takes 1 business day after payment confirmation.
2. Shipping: Your package is sent to the delivery service. The delivery time depends on the remoteness of the region and is approximately 1-3 business days.
3. Delivery: Your package arrives at your doorstep.
Section 4: Cost of Delivery
The cost of delivery is 17 lire, regardless of the dimensions of the parcel and delivery address in Turkey.
Section 5: Frequently Asked Questions
1. How do I know if my package has been shipped?
You will receive an email or notification from the company that shipped your package with your tracking number.
2. How long does it take for my package to arrive?
It depends on the shipping method you chose. Generally, it takes 1-3 business days for delivery.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, tracking your order status is easy once you have your tracking number. By following the steps outlined in this lesson, you can track your package's progress and know when it will arrive. Remember to always double-check the cost of delivery before placing an order.


text: Most current/recent projects are linked from the srg/netos main pages + a recent overview of the group. Most work is with my students and/or RAs (and is mostly theirs!) so you'll find it, hopefully, on their web pages, or listed on the overall netos research group's publications page. Best to look on Google Scholar Citation dbase or DBLP or even Research Gate. The University Symplectic Service is very good if you are within Cambridge, or the lab eprints site may also be useful, or even the ACM Author Profile.. Arnetminer and Microsoft Academic Search have nice social co-authorship graph visualisations, although not apparently updated now.. Downloaded from symplectic, here's a list of my papers as of January, 2012. From 2010 on, I am not updating the links below, but relying on search...

textbook:
Lesson: How to Find Information

## Introduction

In today's world, information is readily available, but finding the right information can be challenging. This lesson will teach you how to effectively search for information using different sources and tools.

## Section 1: Understanding the Importance of Information

The first step in finding information is understanding its importance. Information is crucial in our daily lives, as it helps us make decisions, learn new things, and stay informed about the world around us. However, not all information is created equal, and it's essential to know how to evaluate the credibility of the source and the accuracy of the information.

## Section 2: Identifying the Right Sources

Once you understand the importance of information, you need to identify the right sources to find it. There are many sources of information, including books, newspapers, magazines, journals, websites, and databases. Each source has its strengths and weaknesses, and it's essential to know which one is best for your needs.

## Section 3: Using Search Engines Effectively

Search engines are a popular way to find information on the internet. However, they can be overwhelming, especially when searching for a specific topic. To use search engines effectively, you need to know how to use keywords, Boolean operators, and filters to narrow down your results and find the most relevant information.

## Section 4: Evaluating Information

Evaluating information is an essential part of finding the right information. You need to know how to evaluate the credibility of the source, the accuracy of the information, and the reliability of the author. There are several criteria you can use to evaluate information, including authority, accuracy, currency, relevance, and objectivity.

## Section 5: Staying Up-to-Date

Finding information is not a one-time event; it's an ongoing process. To stay up-to-date with the latest news and developments in your field, you need to know how to set up alerts, subscriptions, and feeds that deliver information directly to you.

## Conclusion

In conclusion, finding information is a critical skill that requires knowledge, skills, and practice. By understanding the importance of information, identifying the right sources, using search engines effectively, evaluating information, and staying up-to-date, you can become an expert at finding the information you need.


text: Shabby Chic Design: Love this Look?. Like stepping into a whimsical, real-life dollhouse, shabby chic interior design can give your home that quaint and cozy feeling while maintaining a modern and high-quality style. Most shabby chic interior spaces are created using light colors. Cream, white and beige colored furnishings made from wood or wicker with distressed details and an antiqued finish keep that modern and minimalistic style while the worn features give it a rustic edge. When using lighter colors you also have more room to play around with the colors and style of accent pieces. Pastel pinks, light blues and calm lavenders as accents give it a feminine and delicate appearance. Intricate chandeliers and glamorous light fixtures make perfect accent pieces as well. This is a great look to use for the interior of a beach house, a girls bedroom or a cozy kitchen.

textbook:
Title: Shabby Chic Interior Design

### Section 1: Introduction

In this lesson, we will learn about the shabby chic interior design style. Shabby chic is a popular design style that combines vintage and modern elements to create a cozy and elegant look. It's often associated with feminine and delicate details, making it a great choice for a girl's bedroom or a beach house.

### Section 2: What is Shabby Chic Interior Design?

Shabby chic interior design is a style that combines old and new elements to create a unique and elegant look. It often includes light colors, distressed details, and an antiqued finish. This style is perfect for those who love the charm of vintage items but also appreciate the sleek and modern feel of contemporary design.

### Section 3: Key Elements of Shabby Chic Interior Design

There are several key elements that define shabby chic interior design. These include:

1. Light Colors - Shabby chic interiors typically feature cream, white, and beige colors. These light colors create a calming and serene atmosphere.

2. Wooden and Wicker Furniture - Wooden and wicker furniture is often used in shabby chic design because it adds a rustic touch to the space.

3. Distressed Details - Distressed details such as crackled paint and peeling wallpaper add character and charm to a shabby chic interior.

4. Antiqued Finish - An antiqued finish gives the space an old-world feel, making it look like it has been passed down through generations.

5. Intricate Chandeliers - Chandeliers and other intricate light fixtures add a touch of glamour to the space.

### Section 4: How to Create a Shabby Chic Interior Design

Creating a shabby chic interior design is all about balancing vintage and modern elements. Here are some tips to help you achieve this look:

1. Start with a light color palette - Use cream, white, and beige colors as your base colors. This will create a calm and serene atmosphere.

2. Mix and match textures - Use a mix of textures such as lace, silk, and cotton to add dimension to the space.

3. Add distressed details - Look for furniture and accessories with crackled paint or peeling wallpaper to add character to the space.

4. Choose an antiqued finish - Look for furniture and accessories with an antiqued finish to add an old-world feel to the space.

5. Add intricate light fixtures - Chandeliers and other intricate light fixtures add a touch of glamour to the space.

### Section 5: Practical Examples

Here are some practical examples of how you can incorporate shabby chic interior design into your home:

1. Beach House - Use light blue and white colors to create a coastal feel. Add seashells and driftwood accents to add texture to the space.

2. Girl's Bedroom - Use pastel pinks and lavenders as accents to create a feminine and delicate appearance. Add lace and ruffles to create a whimsical feel.

3. Cozy Kitchen - Use wooden and wicker furniture to add a rustic touch. Add white and cream colors to create a calm atmosphere.

### Section 6: Conclusion

Shabby chic interior design is a beautiful and elegant style that combines vintage and modern elements. By incorporating light colors, distressed details, and an antiqued finish, you can create a charming and cozy space. Whether you're designing a beach house, a girl's bedroom, or a cozy kitchen, shabby chic design is sure to add character and charm to any space.


text: Inventory Homes. Custom Homes. Bring Your Own Home$320. SOLD Lot #68 – 2 bed 2 bath$34,999. SOLD Lot #69 – 3 bed 2 bath$38,999. SOLD Lot #72 – 2 bed 2 bath$34,999. SOLD: Lot #40 – 2 bed 1 bath$35,000. SOLD: Lot 5 – 2 Bed 1 Bath$28,200. SOLD: Lot 65 – 3 Bed 2 Bath$14,700. SOLD: Lot 75 – 3 Bed 2 Bath$19,500. SOLD: Lot 77 – 3 Bed 2 Bath$40,000 Swanton Meadows my whole life and never want to leave. I know everyone and I just love the environment!”Megan, Swanton Meadows Resident

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Real Estate Investment

**Lesson Overview:** This lesson introduces students to the basics of real estate investment. Students will learn about different types of properties, how to evaluate them, and the risks and rewards of investing in real estate.

**Section 1: Types of Properties**

- What are the different types of properties that can be invested in?
- How do they differ from each other?

**Questions and Answers:**

Q: What are some common types of properties that can be invested in?
A: Some common types of properties that can be invested in include single-family homes, townhouses, condos, apartments, commercial buildings, and land.

Q: How do single-family homes differ from other types of properties?
A: Single-family homes are typically standalone buildings that are not part of a larger complex. They can be detached or attached to another structure.

Q: What is the difference between a townhouse and a condo?
A: A townhouse is a type of property that is usually part of a small complex or group of buildings. It is often owned by an individual or family, while a condo is owned by an individual or group of individuals who share ownership of the building and land it sits on.

**Section 2: Evaluating Properties**

- How do you evaluate a property to determine if it is a good investment?
- What factors should you consider when evaluating a property?

**Questions and Answers:**

Q: What are some factors that should be considered when evaluating a property?
A: Some factors that should be considered when evaluating a property include location, market demand, property condition, rental income potential, and potential for appreciation.

Q: How do you determine if a property is in a good location?
A: A property is considered to be in a good location if it is close to amenities such as schools, shopping centers, and public transportation.

Q: How do you determine if a property has potential for appreciation?
A: A property is considered to have potential for appreciation if it is located in an area that is expected to experience economic growth and development.

**Section 3: Risks and Rewards of Real Estate Investment**

- What are the risks associated with investing in real estate?
- What are the potential rewards of investing in real estate?

**Questions and Answers:**

Q: What are some potential risks associated with investing in real estate?
A: Some potential risks associated with investing in real estate include fluctuations in market value, tenant issues, and unexpected maintenance and repair costs.

Q: What are some potential rewards of investing in real estate?
A: Some potential rewards of investing in real estate include steady rental income, potential appreciation in property value, and tax benefits.

**Glossary:**
- Real Estate: Property consisting of land and buildings.
- Appreciation: An increase in the value of a property over time.
- Location: The geographic position or site of something.
- Market Demand: The amount of buying interest in a product or service.
- Property Condition: The physical state of a property.
- Rental Income Potential: The potential for a property to generate rental income.
- Appreciation Potential: The potential for a property to increase in value over time.

**Conclusion:**

Real estate investment can be a lucrative way to build wealth, but it also comes with risks. By evaluating properties based on location, market demand, property condition, and potential for appreciation, investors can make informed decisions about which properties to invest in. Additionally, understanding the potential risks and rewards of real estate investment can help investors make informed decisions and avoid common pitfalls.


text: Mobility issues and elbow pain are common when you get an elbow injury. Don’t assume your elbow will get better on its own. Whether the damage occurred as the result of an accident or a repetitive motion disorder, you need to rely on an experienced, talented team of sports pain relief specialists NYC for elbow injury treatment.. Your elbow is made up of many small, interconnected parts that come into play in your life every single day. Ligaments, cartilage, bone and fluid make up your elbow joint, and all are potential victims of damage and overuse. If you’re like most people, you take your elbows for granted. But elbow tendon injury treatment isn’t just common among athletes and physically active workers.. One of the most common ways to get an elbow injury is from playing certain sports — specially golf, tennis and baseball. Tennis and golf injuries are common:

textbook:
Lesson: Elbow Anatomy and Injury Prevention
Introduction:
The elbow is a complex joint that plays a crucial role in our daily activities. It is essential to understand the anatomy of the elbow and how it can get injured. This lesson will cover the basic structure of the elbow, common elbow injuries, and prevention measures.
Anatomy of the Elbow:
The elbow joint is a hinge joint that connects the upper arm bone (humerus) to the forearm bones (radius and ulna). It allows for flexion and extension of the forearm. The elbow joint is surrounded by muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bursae.
Common Elbow Injuries:
1. Tennis elbow: This injury occurs when the tendons that attach the forearm muscles to the elbow become inflamed. It is caused by repetitive motions, such as swinging a racket or using a computer mouse.
2. Golfer's elbow: This injury affects the inside of the elbow and is caused by overuse of the forearm muscles. It is commonly seen in golfers but can occur in any activity that requires gripping.
3. Elbow fractures: These injuries occur when one or more bones in the elbow are broken. They can be caused by falls, impacts, or other traumatic events.
4. Dislocations: This occurs when the bones of the elbow joint become separated from their normal position. It can be caused by a sudden force or impact.
Prevention Measures:
1. Warm-up: Before engaging in any activity that puts stress on the elbow, it is essential to warm up the muscles. This will help prevent injuries by increasing blood flow and flexibility.
2. Proper technique: Using proper technique while playing sports or performing daily activities can help prevent elbow injuries. For example, when swinging a racket, ensure that the wrist is stable and that the weight of the racket is transferred correctly.
3. Strengthening exercises: Strengthening the muscles around the elbow can help prevent injuries. Exercises that target the forearm, shoulder, and upper back can be beneficial.
Conclusion:
Understanding the anatomy of the elbow and common elbow injuries can help prevent future injuries. By warming up, using proper technique, and strengthening the muscles around the elbow, you can reduce your risk of elbow injuries. Remember to consult with a medical professional if you suspect an elbow injury.


text: For the month of May we will be collecting SOCKS. We provide SOCKS to both Gate 3:16 and Cornerstone Men’s Hostel who are so very appreciative of our donation. Clean socks go a long way for good foot health for their clients. SOCKS… any SOCKS are appreciated for the Men however all kinds of socks are also appreciated. Watch for the sales and bring your socks and place them in the baskets in the Upper Hall during the month of May.. - This event has passed.

textbook:
## Lesson: How to Collect and Donate Socks for Charity

### Introduction
In this lesson, we will learn how to collect and donate socks for charity. We will cover the following topics:

1. Why do we collect and donate socks?
2. What types of socks can we donate?
3. How do we collect socks for donation?
4. Where can we donate socks?
5. How do we pack and deliver the socks to the charity?

### Section 1: Why do we collect and donate socks?
Collecting and donating socks for charity is an act of kindness and compassion towards people who are less fortunate than us. Socks are often overlooked when it comes to donating clothes, but they are essential for good foot health. Many homeless shelters and charities provide clothing and other essentials to those in need, but they often lack clean socks. By donating socks, we can help prevent foot health issues such as athlete's foot, fungal infections, and other skin conditions that can arise from wearing dirty or wet socks.

### Section 2: What types of socks can we donate?
We can donate any type of clean and new socks, including:

1. Athletic socks
2. Casual socks
3. Dress socks
4. Tube socks
5. Crew socks
6. Knee-high socks
7. Ankle socks
8. Thigh-high socks

However, we should avoid donating used or worn-out socks, as they may carry bacteria and other germs that can cause infections.

### Section 3: How do we collect socks for donation?
To collect socks for donation, we can follow these steps:

1. Set up a collection box: We can set up a collection box in our home, office, school, or community center where people can drop off their donations.
2. Spread the word: We can use social media, email, or word of mouth to spread the word about our sock drive.
3. Ask for donations: We can ask our friends, family, colleagues, and neighbors to donate new and clean socks for our collection drive.
4. Organize a sale: We can organize a sock sale where we sell socks at a discounted price, and the proceeds go towards buying more socks for our donation drive.

### Section 4: Where can we donate socks?
We can donate socks to local homeless shelters, charities, or organizations that serve people in need. We can also check online directories or websites that list organizations that accept sock donations.

### Section 5: How do we pack and deliver the socks to the charity?
Once we have collected enough socks, we should pack them in a sturdy cardboard box or a plastic bin with a lid. We should ensure that the socks are sorted by size and type (e.g., men's, women's, children's). We should then deliver the socks to the charity or organization during their designated drop-off hours.

### Conclusion
Collecting and donating socks for charity is a simple yet impactful way to help those in need. By following the steps outlined in this lesson, we can organize a successful sock drive and make a difference in someone's life. Remember to always show kindness and compassion towards others, and to think of creative ways to help those who are less fortunate than us.

### Glossary
- Socks: A garment worn on the feet and usually covering the ankle and some part of the lower leg.
- Homeless shelter: A building or facility that provides temporary accommodation for people who are homeless.
- Charity: An organization that raises funds for a specific cause or group of people in need.
- Foot health: The condition of the feet and toes, including prevention and treatment of injuries, infections, and other foot-related issues.
- Donate: To give money, time, or resources to a charity or organization.
- Collection box: A container used to collect donations, usually placed in public areas such as streets, parks, or shopping centers.
- Sock drive: A campaign or initiative to collect socks for donation to homeless shelters and other charitable organizations.


text: Description. - Photobooth. - Cash beverage bar. - Champagne reception. Registration – $55.00. Early Bird – Register before March 1st and your name will be in a draw for a Business Branding & Marketing package worth over $2,500!. More to come, check in for updates!. ”Women’s Networking Groups provides lucrative opportunities and added value to the bottom line… They are power circles that enhance personal, professional and Company Brands… The success of a person’s career depends on the strength of her network, expertise, hard work and the ability to build relationships.”. ~ Huffington Post. WOW is a Women’s Networking Group where women in all roles can meet to build supportive relationships, share ideas, and through those relationships; promoting and building business and community.. This dynamic group will be meeting monthly offering an opportunity to use the power within the network to help move you and your business in a positive direction..

textbook:
Lesson: How to Organize a Successful Networking Event
Introduction:
Networking events are an excellent way to connect with other professionals and expand your business connections. However, organizing a successful networking event requires careful planning and execution. In this lesson, we will learn about the key elements of a successful networking event, including creating a compelling description, setting the right tone, and providing valuable content.
Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is that organizing a successful networking event requires careful planning and execution.
Section 1: Creating a Compelling Description
Topic: Creating a Compelling Description
- A clear and concise description of the event is essential to attract attendees.
- Use engaging language that highlights the benefits of attending the event.
- Include relevant details such as the date, time, and location of the event.
Questions and Answers:
Q: Why is a clear and concise description important?
A: A clear and concise description helps attendees understand what to expect from the event and whether it is relevant to their interests.
Q: What language should be used to create a compelling description?
A: Use language that is engaging and highlights the benefits of attending the event.
Section 2: Setting the Right Tone
Topic: Setting the Right Tone
- The tone of the event should align with the target audience's expectations.
- Consider the event's purpose, theme, and target audience when setting the tone.
- Use appropriate language, decorations, and activities to set the right tone.
Questions and Answers:
Q: Why is it important to set the right tone for a networking event?
A: The tone of the event should align with the target audience's expectations and create a positive atmosphere that encourages networking.
Q: What are some ways to set the right tone for a networking event?
A: Use appropriate language, decorations, and activities to set the right tone. For example, if the event is for professionals, avoid using childish decorations or activities.
Section 3: Providing Valuable Content
Topic: Providing Valuable Content
- Providing valuable content is essential to keep attendees engaged and interested.
- Offer a mix of educational and interactive activities that align with the event's theme.
- Encourage attendees to share their knowledge and experiences.
Questions and Answers:
Q: Why is providing valuable content important for a networking event?
A: Providing valuable content is essential to keep attendees engaged and interested, which encourages networking and relationship building.
Q: What types of activities should be offered at a networking event?
A: Offer a mix of educational and interactive activities that align with the event's theme. For example, if the event is about marketing, offer a workshop on social media marketing and a panel discussion with marketing experts.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, organizing a successful networking event requires careful planning and execution. By creating a compelling description, setting the right tone, and providing valuable content, you can attract attendees and encourage them to network and build relationships. Remember to consider the target audience's expectations and align the event's tone and content accordingly. By following these tips, you can create a memorable and impactful networking event that will leave a lasting impression on attendees.
Glossary:
- Compelling: attracting attention and interest
- Tone: the attitude or mood created by something
- Align: to make something agree or harmonize with something else
- Interactive: involving interaction between two or more parties
- Attendees: people who attend an event


text: I! I haven’t had almonds in a long time!. When I used to do fad diets I would eat a lot of almonds so I have been kind of burned out lately.. But I think my love for them is returning!!. Harry and David roasted unsalted almonds! 🙂. Change is coming to Beauty of Meg soon!. I plan to be making some improvements on the blog!. Enjoy the rest of your day and I will see you around dinner time!. 😉. Always loving,. -MegS. Advertisements

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Nutrition

**Section 1: Understanding Nutrition**

Nutrition refers to the process of providing our bodies with the food and nutrients we need to stay healthy and function properly. Eating a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods from all five food groups can help us meet our nutritional needs and maintain a healthy weight.

**Section 2: Key Concepts**

- Macronutrients: These are the nutrients we need in large amounts, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. They provide energy and help our bodies grow and repair themselves.
- Micronutrients: These are the nutrients we need in small amounts, such as vitamins and minerals. They play important roles in many bodily functions, including immune system function, bone health, and blood clotting.
- Calories: This is a measure of the amount of energy in food. We need a certain number of calories each day to maintain our weight, and eating too many or too few calories can lead to health problems.
- Portion size: This refers to the amount of food we eat at one time. Eating the right portion size can help us control our calorie intake and maintain a healthy weight.

**Section 3: Practical Examples**

- Let's say you're making a sandwich for lunch. You could choose whole grain bread, avocado, and turkey breast for protein, and add some sliced vegetables for extra nutrients. This meal provides macronutrients (protein and healthy fats) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals from the vegetables).
- Another example could be a smoothie made with spinach, banana, and almond milk. This provides vitamins, minerals, and healthy fats from the almond milk and banana, while the spinach adds iron and other important nutrients.

**Section 4: Self-Debate Discussion**

- Why is it important to eat a balanced diet?
- How does overeating or undereating affect our health?
- What are some ways to control portion sizes when eating out?

**Glossary**

- Macronutrients: Nutrients needed in large amounts, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
- Micronutrients: Nutrients needed in small amounts, including vitamins and minerals.
- Calories: A measure of the amount of energy in food.
- Portion size: The amount of food we eat at one time.

**Conclusion**

Understanding nutrition and making healthy food choices is an important part of taking care of our bodies. By eating a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods from all five food groups, we can meet our nutritional needs and maintain a healthy weight. Remember to pay attention to portion sizes, and try to include both macronutrients and micronutrients in your meals. With these skills, you can apply them to new problems and make informed decisions about your diet.


text:
Start your Compass Learning career!

Imagine a really cool space in downtown Austin full of smart, clever, interesting folks who know science, math, English, history, and other subjects like the backs of their hands. Now toss in a bunch of engineers, animators, and scriptwriters, add a few pizzas and the occasional waffle breakfast, and what have you got? You’ve got a talented team of thought leaders in the field of e-learning who leverage their collective expertise in a dynamic environment to build the most engaging and effective K–12 digital curricula anywhere. If you think that you’d like to come to work every day at a company that values and rewards talent, innovation, and teamwork, and that builds products that actually make a difference in students’ lives, browse the career opportunities and join us!

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to E-Learning

## Section 1: What is E-Learning?
E-learning is the use of electronic technology to access educational materials and learning experiences outside of a traditional classroom setting. It includes a wide range of tools, such as online courses, videos, interactive simulations, and games, among others.

## Section 2: Why is E-Learning Important?
E-learning is important because it provides learners with flexibility and convenience. It allows them to learn at their own pace and on their own schedule, which can be particularly beneficial for people who have busy lives or who live far from a traditional classroom. Additionally, e-learning can provide access to educational opportunities that may not be available locally or that may be too expensive to attend in person.

## Section 3: How does E-Learning Work?
E-learning typically involves a combination of text, images, audio, video, and interactive elements. These components work together to create an engaging and interactive learning experience. For example, an online course may include a video lecture, followed by a quiz to test the learner's understanding of the material, and then an interactive simulation that allows the learner to apply what they have learned.

## Section 4: Types of E-Learning
There are several types of e-learning, including:

1. Asynchronous Learning - This type of e-learning allows learners to access course materials and complete assignments at their own pace.
2. Synchronous Learning - This type of e-learning takes place in real-time, with learners interacting with each other and the instructor in a virtual classroom.
3. Blended Learning - This type of e-learning combines traditional classroom instruction with online learning activities.
4. Gamification - This type of e-learning incorporates game-like elements, such as points, badges, and leaderboards, to motivate learners and make learning more fun.

## Section 5: Benefits of E-Learning
There are many benefits to e-learning, including:

1. Flexibility - Learners can access course materials and complete assignments at any time and from any location.
2. Convenience - E-learning eliminates the need for travel to and from a traditional classroom, saving learners time and money.
3. Customization - E-learning can be tailored to meet the specific needs and learning styles of individual learners.
4. Cost-effectiveness - E-learning can be less expensive than traditional classroom instruction, as there are no costs associated with physical materials or travel expenses.

## Section 6: Challenges of E-Learning
While e-learning offers many benefits, there are also some challenges associated with this type of learning, including:

1. Technical Issues - Technical difficulties, such as slow internet connections or outdated software, can interfere with the learning experience.
2. Lack of Interaction - Some learners may miss the social interaction that comes with traditional classroom instruction.
3. Motivation - Without the structure of a traditional classroom, some learners may struggle to stay motivated and on track.
4. Accessibility - Not all learners have access to the necessary technology or a quiet place to study, which can create barriers to success.

## Glossary
- Asynchronous Learning: Learning that takes place independently, without the need for real-time interaction with an instructor or other learners.
- Synchronous Learning: Learning that takes place in real-time, with learners interacting with each other and the instructor.
- Blended Learning: A combination of traditional classroom instruction and online learning activities.
- Gamification: The process of incorporating game-like elements, such as points, badges, and leaderboards, into a learning experience to motivate learners and make learning more fun.

## Conclusion
E-learning is an exciting and rapidly growing field that offers many benefits to learners. By providing flexibility, convenience, and customization, e-learning has the potential to transform the way we learn. Whether you are interested in creating e-learning content or simply want to learn more about this exciting field, we hope that this introduction has been informative and engaging.


text:
Present were Mansour Bahrozyan, Financial Controller – Suqia, Khalid Al Tamimi, Head of Media & Communication – DABS, and a number of senior officials at the headquarters of the Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA).

Paying tributes to kind gesture, Saeed Mohammed Al Tayer, Head of Suqia's Board of Trustees, said all humanitarian entities in the country should cooperate to enhance and promote the image of the UAE as a capital of giving.

"UAE Water Aid is aimed to achieve sustainable development by adopting viable solutions to the problem of water shortage around the globe in collaboration with national entities," he said, thanking Dar Al Ber for its relentless effort and ceaseless white hands.

Bin Zayed said Dar Al Ber spares no effort to support charity projects locally and abroad. "Such dedication boosts the position of the country in terms of aid, and relieves disadvantaged people as directed by our prudent leadership."

The Dh500,000 contribution has been allotted for supporting drinking water projects in a number of deprived countries, he added. "Water is inevitable in the process of development anywhere."

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Giving Back

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of giving back to society. We will explore the concept of charity and how it can make a positive impact on the world. We will also discuss the role of organizations like Dar Al Ber in promoting charitable work.

Section 1: What is Charity?
Charity is the act of giving money, time, or resources to help those in need. It is an important part of many cultures and religions, and it can make a significant difference in the lives of those who receive it.

Questions:
- What does the word "charity" mean to you?
- Can you think of any examples of charitable acts?
- Why do you think people engage in charitable work?

Section 2: The Role of Organizations in Promoting Charity
There are many organizations that work to promote charitable work and support those in need. These organizations play an important role in helping to coordinate efforts and ensure that resources are distributed effectively.

Questions:
- What are some examples of organizations that promote charitable work?
- How do these organizations work to make a positive impact on the world?
- What challenges do these organizations face in their efforts to promote charity?

Section 3: The Importance of Giving Back
Giving back to society is an important value that we should all strive to uphold. Whether it is through volunteering our time, donating money, or supporting charitable causes, there are many ways that we can make a positive impact on the world.

Questions:
- Why is it important to give back to society?
- What are some ways that we can give back to society?
- How can we inspire others to engage in charitable work?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the importance of giving back to society cannot be overstated. Through charitable work, we can make a positive impact on the world and help those in need. By supporting organizations like Dar Al Ber, we can contribute to a greater cause and promote the values of compassion and generosity.

Glossary:
- Charity: the act of giving money, time, or resources to help those in need
- Organization: a group of people working together to achieve a common goal
- Promote: to support or advocate for
- Cause: a reason or purpose for taking action

Self-Debating Discussion:
What are some ways that you can give back to society? How can we encourage others to engage in charitable work?


text:
Q:

Hg select file based on status?

Is there a way to select only those files that have the Modified status?
And is it possible to chain the selection to add more specific selectors?
I want to export the changes in those Modified files, revert to a changeset before I installed the plugin, and re-import changes.
hg diff -I with pattern matching could help, but in this case, and very often, I just want to select files based on their status.
Example of hg st (actual content varies with different folder and filenames/extension):
M /readme.txt
M /dir1/somefile1.txt
M /dir2/somefile2.txt
M /dir3/somefile3.txt
M /dir4/somefile4.txt
! /plugin/lotsoffileshere.txt
! /plugin/lotsoffileshere.txt
! /plugin/lotsoffileshere.txt

A:

Read about filesets in mercurial: hg help filesets
If you want get diff for all modified files (hg diff FILE1 FILE2 ... FILE), build filest for "modified files in repo" in will be (only help was used)
hg diff "set:modified()"

textbook:
Lesson: How to select files based on their status using Mercurial (Hg)

**Introduction**

In this lesson, we will learn how to use Mercurial (Hg) to select files based on their status. We will cover the basics of filesets, how to create them, and how to use them to select files based on their status. We will also explore how to chain selectors to add more specificity to our selection. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to select files based on their status, export changes, revert to a changeset before installing a plugin, and re-import changes.

**Section 1: Filesets**

A fileset is a collection of files in a Mercurial repository. It allows you to group files together and perform operations on them as if they were a single unit. For example, you can use a fileset to select all modified files in your repository and then perform a diff on them.

To create a fileset, you can use the `fileset` command. For example, to create a fileset containing all modified files in your repository, you can use the following command:

```
hg fileset add -m mod
```

In this command, `-m` specifies the pattern to match, which is `mod`. This means that only files with the "modified" status will be included in the fileset.

**Section 2: Selecting Files Based on Status**

Once you have created a fileset containing all modified files, you can use it to select files based on their status. For example, to select all files in your repository that are either added or modified, you can use the following command:

```
hg update -C -r default
```

In this command, `-C` tells Mercurial to update your working directory to the default branch, and `-r` specifies the revision to update to. This command will update your working directory to the latest changes in your repository.

**Section 3: Chaining Selectors**

Sometimes, you may need to chain selectors to add more specificity to your selection. For example, suppose you want to select all files in your repository that are either added or modified, except for files in a specific directory called "exclude". You can do this by chaining selectors with the `not` operator.

For example, to select all files in your repository that are either added or modified, except for files in the "exclude" directory, you can use the following command:

```
hg update -C -r default ! /exclude/.*
```

In this command, `!` is the `not` operator, which negates the selector that follows it. The selector `/exclude/.*` matches any file in the "exclude" directory. So, this command will select all files in your repository that are either added or modified, except for files in the "exclude" directory.

**Section 4: Exporting Changes, Reverting to a Changeset, and Re-Importing Changes**

Now that we know how to select files based on their status, let's see how we can use this knowledge to export changes, revert to a changeset before installing a plugin, and re-import changes.

To export changes, you can use the `hg export` command. For example, to export all changes in your repository since the last changeset, you can use the following command:

```
hg export -r default
```

In this command, `-r` specifies the revision to export from. This command will export all changes in your repository since the last changeset.

To revert to a changeset before installing a plugin, you can use the `hg revert` command. For example, to revert to changeset 100, you can use the following command:

```
hg revert -r 100
```

In this command, `-r` specifies the revision to revert to. This command will revert your working directory to the state it was in at changeset 100.

Finally, to re-import changes, you can use the `hg import` command. For example, to import changes from an export created in the previous section, you can use the following command:

```
hg import /path/to/exported/changes
```

In this command, `/path/to/exported/changes` is the path to the directory containing the exported changes. This command will re-import the changes into your repository.

**Conclusion**

In this lesson, we learned how to select files based on their status using Mercurial (Hg). We covered the basics of filesets, how to create them, and how to use them to select files based on their status. We also explored how to chain selectors to add more specificity to our selection. Finally, we saw how to export changes, revert to a changeset before installing a plugin, and re-import changes.


text:
Salt marsh mouse: An endangered species becomes a stimulus scapegoat

The salt marsh harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris) has been on the Endangered Species List since 1970. So why, after all of this time, has it gotten so much media attention in the last few weeks?

It turns out that the mouse has become a convenient scapegoat for attacks against President Obama's stimulus package, thanks to often-repeated, and often debunked, claims that the mouse will receive $30 million dollars of that stimulus money.

The story reared its ugly head February 11 in a report in The Washington Times titled "Stimulus has $30M to save Pelosi's harvest mouse," which reported on claims from House Minority Leader John A. Boehner's (R-Ohio) office that the stimulus package contained "more than $30 million for wetlands conservation in [Nancy Pelosi's] San Francisco Bay area district, including work she previously championed to protect the salt marsh harvest mouse."

Of course, all of this ignores the fact that this has long since been proven wrong, and that even other conservatives have attacked the strategy of using the mouse to assail the stimulus package.

It also ignores the fact that the salt marsh harvest mouse really does still need help, and thanks to the Endangered Species Act, the government has a legal requirement to help it. Its very nature makes it vulnerable: it's less than three inches long, lives under a year, and reproduces slowly. The mouse's habitat has shrunk by about 85% (.rtf) since 1850, and currently faces massive ecological change due to freshwater intrusion from area sewage treatment plants. The freshwater is killing off pickleweed, upon which the salt water harvest mouse depends for both its food and protection from predators and high tides. To date, little genetic information about the mouse is available, making efforts to boost its population difficult.

Back in the original Washington Times article, Boehner spokesperson Michael Steel asked "So can Speaker Pelosi explain exactly how we will improve the American economy by helping the adorable little critter?" Pelosi's spokesperson fired back that even though the mouse claims were false, "(wetlands) restoration is key to economic activity including farming, fisheries, recreation, and clean water."

Scientific American is part of Springer Nature, which owns or has commercial relations with thousands of scientific publications (many of them can be found at www.springernature.com/us). Scientific American maintains a strict policy of editorial independence in reporting developments in science to our readers.

textbook:
Lesson: Endangered Species and the Environment

Introduction:

The salt marsh harvest mouse is an endangered species that lives in the coastal regions of the United States. It has been on the Endangered Species List since 1970 and has received attention in the last few weeks due to claims that it will receive $30 million dollars from the stimulus package. This lesson will explore the importance of protecting endangered species and the environment.

Section 1: Why Protect Endangered Species?

Topic: Why is it important to protect endangered species?

Question: What are some reasons why we should protect endangered species?

Answer: There are several reasons why we should protect endangered species. First, they play an important role in maintaining the balance of nature. They help to keep ecosystems healthy by controlling populations of other species and preventing them from overgrowing. Second, they are often important sources of food, medicine, and other resources for humans. Finally, they are often symbols of the health of the environment and can serve as indicators of environmental problems.

Section 2: The Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse

Topic: What is the salt marsh harvest mouse and why is it important?

Question: What is the salt marsh harvest mouse and what makes it unique?

Answer: The salt marsh harvest mouse is a small rodent that lives in the coastal regions of the United States. It is important because it is an endangered species and plays an important role in maintaining the health of the ecosystems in which it lives. It is unique because it is adapted to living in salt marshes, where it builds nests out of grasses and other materials to protect itself from predators.

Section 3: The Stimulus Package and the Environment

Topic: How does the stimulus package affect the environment?

Question: What are some ways in which the stimulus package could help protect the environment?

Answer: The stimulus package includes funding for a variety of environmental projects, such as clean energy initiatives, conservation efforts, and infrastructure improvements. These projects could help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, protect endangered species, and improve the health of our ecosystems. Additionally, the stimulus package includes provisions that promote sustainable development and encourage the use of renewable energy sources.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, protecting endangered species like the salt marsh harvest mouse is important for maintaining the health of our ecosystems and preserving the natural world for future generations. The stimulus package provides an opportunity to invest in environmental projects that will help us move towards a more sustainable future. By understanding the importance of protecting endangered species and the environment, we can make informed decisions about how to use our resources and protect our planet.

Glossary:

- Endangered Species: A species that is in danger of becoming extinct because of habitat destruction, hunting, or other factors.
- Ecosystem: A complex community of living and nonliving things interacting with each other in a specific environment.
- Conservation: The act of preserving something, such as a species or an ecosystem, in its natural state.
- Sustainable Development: Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.


text: play went to Sofia Coppola for Lost In Translation and adapted honours went to AnthonyMinghella for Cold Mountain.. Finding Nemo won best animated feature, Errol Morris'The Fog Of War tookthe documentary prize and Pirates Of The Caribbean was named Best Guilty Pleasure.. "This year's awards were a challenge due to the MPAA'sscreener ban," WAFCA president Tim Gordon said in a statement.. "We support allefforts against piracy, but feel the studios need to address the leadingsources of pirated material instead of hindering efforts to recognise the bestof film, whether that comes from the largest studio or the smallest."

textbook:
Lesson Title: Understanding the Oscars and Their Significance in the Film Industry

Overview:
In this lesson, we will learn about the Academy Awards, commonly known as the Oscars, and their significance in the film industry. We will explore the different categories of awards, the nomination process, and the importance of winning an Oscar.

Section 1: Introduction to the Oscars
- The Academy Awards, also known as the Oscars, are one of the most prestigious awards in the film industry.
- They are given out annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to recognize excellence in filmmaking.

Section 2: Categories of Awards
- There are 23 categories of awards, including Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Supporting Actor, Best Supporting Actress, Best Director, Best Original Screenplay, and Best Adapted Screenplay.
- The award categories are divided into two groups: the competitive categories and the non-competitive categories.

Section 3: Nomination Process
- To be eligible for an Oscar, a film must be released in Los Angeles County, California, between January 1st and December 31st of the previous year.
- A film can only be nominated for one category at a time, except for the Best Picture category, which allows up to ten nominations.
- The nominees are chosen by members of the Academy, who vote based on their personal opinions and preferences.

Section 4: Importance of Winning an Oscar
- Winning an Oscar is considered one of the highest honors in the film industry.
- It can increase an actor or director's visibility and credibility, leading to more opportunities in the future.
- However, it is also important to note that not all successful films or actors have won Oscars, and there are many factors that contribute to a film's success.

Section 5: Conclusion
- In conclusion, the Oscars are a significant recognition of achievement in the film industry.
- They provide a platform for celebrating the hard work and dedication of those involved in creating exceptional films.
- By understanding the categories of awards, the nomination process, and the importance of winning an Oscar, we can appreciate the significance of these awards and their impact on the film industry.

Glossary:
- Academy Awards: Also known as the Oscars, these are awards given out annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to recognize excellence in filmmaking.
- AMPAS: The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, a professional honorary organization with the stated goal of advancing the science and


text: The chief executive of one of Europe’s largest wireless carriers claims the reason sales of Apple’s (AAPL) iPhone are slumping is because the price is too high. France Telecom CEO Stephane Richard told Bloomberg that European customers are beginning to focus more on prices and are holding onto their old devices longer than before. He notes that the Apple frenzy isn’t what it use to be and it is becoming more difficult to sell a $600 phone. Richard seemed to suggest that without a low-cost iPhone, the company could continue to lose market share, adding that there “are fewer early adopters, and probably with the next release of the iPhone this will be evident.”. [More from BGR: Apple devices to outsell Windows for first time ever in 2013]. This article was originally published on BGR.com. 1.1k

textbook:
Lesson: The Impact of Price on Sales

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will explore the impact of price on sales. We will look at how the price of a product can affect its demand and how customers make purchasing decisions based on cost. We will also examine the concept of market saturation and how it can lead to decreased sales.

Section 1: The Relationship Between Price and Demand

Topic 1: Price Elasticity of Demand
- Definition: The responsiveness of the quantity demanded of a good or service to a change in its price.
- Example: If the price of a product increases, the quantity demanded will decrease, assuming all other factors remain constant.
- Practical Application: Understanding how changes in price can impact demand can help businesses make informed pricing decisions.

Topic 2: Income Effect and Substitution Effect
- Definition: Two effects that occur when the price of a product changes.
- Income Effect: When the price of a product increases, consumers may choose to purchase a cheaper alternative instead of the original product.
- Substitution Effect: When the price of a product increases, consumers may choose to reduce their consumption of the product altogether.
- Practical Application: Understanding these effects can help businesses predict how changes in price will impact demand.

Section 2: Market Saturation and Decreased Sales

Topic 1: Market Saturation
- Definition: A situation where the market is flooded with a particular product, leading to decreased demand.
- Example: If there are already many smartphones available on the market, consumers may not be willing to purchase a new one, even if it is more expensive.
- Practical Application: Businesses must consider market saturation when pricing their products and planning their marketing strategies.

Topic 2: Decreased Sales and Market Share
- Definition: When sales of a product decrease over time, it can lead to a loss of market share.
- Example: If a company releases a new product that does not sell well, it may lose market share to competitors who offer similar products.
- Practical Application: Businesses must continually innovate and create new products to maintain market share and avoid decreased sales.

Section 3: Critical Thinking Questions

1. How can businesses balance the need to increase prices to maximize profits while still maintaining demand?
2. What factors should businesses consider when determining the optimal price point for their products?
3. How can businesses differentiate their products from competitors to avoid market saturation?

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we explored the impact of price on sales and how market saturation can lead to decreased sales. We looked at the relationship between price and demand, as well as the practical applications of understanding these concepts. We also discussed the importance of market share and innovation in maintaining sales. By applying these concepts, businesses can make informed pricing decisions and avoid market saturation.

Glossary:
- Price Elasticity of Demand: The responsiveness of the quantity demanded of a good or service to a change in its price.
- Income Effect: The effect that occurs when the price of a product changes, causing consumers to choose a cheaper alternative or reduce their consumption.
- Substitution Effect: The effect that occurs when the price of a product changes, causing consumers to choose a cheaper alternative or reduce their consumption.
- Market Saturation: A situation where the market is flooded with a particular product, leading to decreased demand.
- Decreased Sales: When the number of products sold decreases over time.
- Market Share: The percentage of total sales that a product or company has in a specific market.


text: The Single Energy Market Committee has confirmed October 1 this year as the revised date for the 'go-live' of the new Integrated Single Electricity Market for Ireland... The additional time allows for any IT system issues to be resolved and for a longer period of market testing and trialling that will ensure the arrangements for the I-SEM go-live are effective.. Vayu COO, Liam Faulkner, has welcomed confirmation of the revised date. "The decision to postpone the go-live date from 23rd May to 1st October 2018 is sensible and facilitates the time needed for SEMC to fully complete the testing and deployment of complex IT systems for the new wholesale electricity market.. Mr Faulkner said, "It is vital that the transition to I-SEM is as seamless as possible. This postponement will also give customers additional time to become more familiar with the details of the new electricity market. Vayu Energy is committed to actively supporting the delivery of the new market in the best interests of all electricity users."

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding the Integrated Single Electricity Market (I-SEM)

Introduction:
The Integrated Single Electricity Market (I-SEM) is a new wholesale electricity market that was introduced in Ireland on 1st October 2018. It replaced the previous Single Electricity Market (SEM) and brought significant changes to the way electricity is traded in Ireland. In this lesson, we will explore what the I-SEM is, how it works, and why it is important.

What is the I-SEM?
The I-SEM is a new electricity market that was introduced in Ireland on 1st October 2018. It is a single, integrated, and competitive wholesale electricity market that covers the entire island of Ireland. The I-SEM is designed to provide a more efficient and transparent way of trading electricity, which will ultimately benefit consumers by providing them with a more stable and reliable supply of electricity at a lower cost.

How does the I-SEM work?
The I-SEM operates through a series of auctions that take place every half-hour. These auctions are used to determine the price of electricity for the upcoming period. Generators, suppliers, and other market participants bid into these auctions, offering to sell or buy electricity at a particular price. The system then determines the optimal price and quantity of electricity that should be traded based on the bids received.

Why is the I-SEM important?
The I-SEM is important because it represents a significant step forward in the development of the Irish electricity market. By introducing a more competitive and efficient market, consumers will benefit from lower prices and a more stable supply of electricity. Additionally, the I-SEM provides an opportunity for Ireland to transition to a cleaner and more sustainable energy system by encouraging the development of renewable energy sources.

Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

1. What is the difference between the SEM and the I-SEM?
The SEM was a bilateral market, where generators and suppliers could trade electricity directly with each other without the need for an auction mechanism. In contrast, the I-SEM is a more complex and sophisticated market that uses auctions to determine the price of electricity. The introduction of the I-SEM has brought significant changes to the Irish electricity market, including the introduction of new market participants and the requirement for generators to provide balancing services.

2. How do auctions work in the I-SEM?
Auctions in the I-SEM take place every half-hour and are used to determine the price of electricity for the upcoming period. Generators, suppliers, and other market participants bid into these auctions, offering to sell or buy electricity at a particular price. The system then determines the optimal price and quantity of electricity that should be traded based on the bids received. The auction process is designed to be transparent and competitive, ensuring that the market operates efficiently and in the best interests of consumers.

Section 2: Practical Examples

3. How does the I-SEM affect consumers?
The introduction of the I-SEM has led to increased competition in the Irish electricity market, which has resulted in lower prices for consumers. Additionally, the I-SEM provides greater transparency in the market, making it easier for consumers to understand how the market operates and how prices are determined. Finally, the I-SEM provides an opportunity for Ireland to transition to a cleaner and more sustainable energy system by encouraging the development of renewable energy sources.

4. How does the I-SEM affect generators?
The I-SEM requires generators to provide balancing services, which involves maintaining a constant supply of electricity to the grid. This means that generators must be able to quickly respond to changes in demand, either by increasing or decreasing their output. The introduction of the I-SEM has also led to increased competition in the generator market, which has resulted in lower prices for electricity.

Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

5. How does the I-SEM affect suppliers?
The I-SEM has introduced new challenges for suppliers, who must now navigate the complexities of the new market. Suppliers must be able to accurately forecast electricity prices and manage their risk exposure in order to remain profitable. Additionally, suppliers must be able to compete effectively in the auctions, which requires a deep understanding of the market and the ability to make informed decisions based on market trends and data.

Conclusion:
The I-SEM is a significant development in the Irish electricity market, bringing increased competition, transparency, and efficiency. By understanding the principles behind the I-SEM and how it works, we can better appreciate its importance and potential impact on the energy sector. As we continue to explore the I-SEM and its implications, we will undoubtedly uncover new opportunities and challenges that will shape the future of the Irish energy market.

Glossary:
- Bilateral market: A market where generators and suppliers can trade electricity directly with each other without the need for an auction mechanism.
- Balancing services: The process of maintaining a constant supply of electricity to the grid by either increasing or decreasing output in response to changes in demand.
- Auction: A process used in the I-SEM to determine the price of electricity for the upcoming period. Generators, suppliers, and other market participants bid into these auctions, offering to sell or buy electricity at a particular price.
- Transparency: The quality of being easy to see or understand; openness.