text: ANCHORAGE (AP) -- Former Alaska Supreme Court Chief Justice Jay Rabinowitz died Saturday at a Seattle hospital after a long illness. He was 74.. Rabinowitz death was announced by Gov. Tony Knowles office. Knowles said Saturday he sought Rabinowitz's guidance often and was saddened by the loss of one of Alaska's great jurists.. Rabinowitz was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, graduated from Syracuse University and received his law degree from Harvard University Law School.. He was admitted to the Alaska Bar in 1958 and lived for many years in Fairbanks where he served as a clerk for the U.S. District court, assistant U.S. attorney, deputy attorney general and superior court judge.. Rabinowitz was appointed to the state Supreme Court in 1965 and served four terms as chief justice. As required by state law, he stepped down from the bench when he turned 70. Most recently he lived in Juneau.. Rabinowitz is survived by his wife, Ann, and their four children.. Funeral arrangements were incomplete Saturday.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Write a Newsworthy Obituary

Introduction:
An obituary is a news article that reports the death of a person, typically along with an account of their life and details about the upcoming funeral or memorial service. Writing a newsworthy obituary can be challenging, but it is an essential part of honoring someone's life and sharing their story with others. In this lesson, we will explore the key elements of a newsworthy obituary and learn how to craft a compelling tribute that captures the essence of a person's life.

Section 1: Understanding the Purpose of an Obituary

The purpose of an obituary is to provide information about the deceased person's life, including their birthdate, occupation, and family members. It also serves as a public notice of their passing and provides details about the funeral or memorial service. An obituary is not meant to be a eulogy or a personal tribute, but rather a factual account of the person's life.

Section 2: Crafting a Compelling Headline

The headline is the first thing people see when they read an obituary, so it should be attention-grabbing and informative. It should include the deceased person's name, their age, and the city or town where they lived. If the person was well-known or had an unusual occupation, this information can also be included in the headline.

Example: "John Smith, 75, Renowned Chef from Anchorage, Dies"

Section 3: Writing the Body of the Obituary

The body of the obituary should include the following information:

1. Name, age, and city of residence of the deceased person
2. Date and cause of death
3. Surviving family members and their relationships to the deceased
4. Occupation and any notable achievements or awards received
5. Details about the funeral or memorial service

The tone of the obituary should be formal but not overly somber. It is appropriate to include positive aspects of the person's life, such as their hobbies or passions, but avoid exaggerated praise or embellishments.

Example: "John Smith, 75, of Anchorage, passed away on January 1, 2022, after a brief illness. He is survived by his wife of 50 years, Ann; children Jane, Bob, and Susan; and four grandchildren. A celebrated chef, John owned several restaurants in Anchorage and was known for his culinary expertise. A memorial service will be held at St. Mary's Church on January 10, 2022, at 11 am."

Section 4: Including Photos and Memories

Including a photo of the deceased person is a common practice in obituaries. It helps readers connect with the person on a personal level and can make the obituary more memorable. Additionally, including memories or stories from friends and family members can provide insight into the person's character and personality.

Example: "John was a kind and generous man who loved spending time with his family. He was known for his sense of humor and his ability to light up a room with his smile. He will be deeply missed by all who knew him."

Section 5: Conclusion

Writing an obituary can be a difficult task, but it is an important way to honor someone's life and share their story with others. By including key information and focusing on the person's legacy, you can create a compelling tribute that captures the essence of their life.

Glossary:
- Obituary: A news article that reports the death of a person and provides details about their life and upcoming funeral or memorial service.
- Headline: The title of the obituary, which should be attention-grabbing and informative.
- Body: The main part of the obituary, which includes information about the deceased person's life, family, occupation, and funeral service.
- Tone: The overall attitude or style of the obituary, which should be formal but not overly somber.
- Legacy: The sum total of a person's achievements and impact on the world, which can be highlighted in an obituary.


text: BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//ChamberMaster//Event Calendar 2.0//EN METHOD:PUBLISH X-PUBLISHED-TTL:P3D REFRESH-INTERVAL:P3D CALSCALE:GREGORIAN BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART:20190827T123000Z DTEND:20190827T140000Z X-MICROSOFT-CDO-ALLDAYEVENT:FALSE SUMMARY:Caffeinate Your Community - How to Buy a House DESCRIPTION:Join the Young Professional Network for this educational session and panel on how to buy a house. Looking at the process from start to finish\, participants will learn what to expect when buying a house and leave with a better understanding of some of the local resources available to them as they begin their own home ownership journey. \n\n\n\nPanel members will include a realtor\, mortgage lender\, closing agent\, and an insurance agent. \n\n\n\nSponsored By: Carl Sandburg College X-ALT-DESC;FMTTYPE=text/html:

source: refinedweb

textbook:
LESSON: How to Buy a House

### Section 1: Introduction

In this lesson, we will learn about the process of buying a house. We will cover the steps involved, the people you will encounter, and the resources available to help you along the way. Whether you are a first-time buyer or an experienced investor, this lesson will provide valuable information to guide you through the home-buying process.

### Section 2: The Home-Buying Process

1. Determine your budget: Before you start looking at houses, it's essential to determine how much you can afford. This will help narrow down your search and avoid wasting time on properties that are out of your price range.

2. Get pre-approved for a loan: A pre-approval letter from a lender shows real estate agents and sellers that you are serious about buying a house and have been approved for a specific loan amount.

3. Find a real estate agent: A real estate agent can help you navigate the home-buying process and find properties that meet your needs and budget.

4. Search for homes: Once you have a budget and a pre-approval letter, you can start searching for homes. Your real estate agent can help you find properties that match your criteria.

5. Schedule showings: Once you have found a property you are interested in, you can schedule a showing with the listing agent.

6. Make an offer: If you decide to make an offer on a property, your real estate agent will help you draft the offer and negotiate with the seller's agent.

7. Home inspection: It's essential to have a professional home inspector examine the property to identify any potential issues or defects.

8. Finalize the loan: Once the offer is accepted, and the inspection is complete, you will need to finalize your loan with your lender.

9. Close on the property: The closing process involves signing documents and paying closing costs. At this point, you will also need to purchase homeowner's insurance.

### Section 3: Resources

There are several resources available to help you through the home-buying process, including:

1. Real estate agents: These professionals can help you find properties, negotiate offers, and guide you through the entire process.

2. Mortgage lenders: Lenders can help you determine how much you can afford and guide you through the loan process.

3. Home inspectors: These professionals can identify potential issues or defects with a property, helping you make an informed decision.

4. Insurance agents: Insurance agents can help you find the right homeowner's insurance policy to protect your investment.

### Glossary

- Budget: The amount of money you can afford to spend on a house.
- Pre-approval letter: A letter from a lender stating that you have been approved for a specific loan amount.
- Real estate agent: A professional who helps buyers and sellers navigate the real estate market.
- Loan: Money borrowed from a lender to purchase a house.
- Home inspection: An examination of a property by a professional to identify potential issues or defects.
- Closing costs: Expenses associated with finalizing a loan and purchasing a house.

### Conclusion

Buying a house is a significant investment that requires careful planning and research. By following the steps outlined in this lesson and utilizing the resources available, you can navigate the home-buying process with confidence and find the perfect property for your needs.


text:
Ammoniagenesis in renal cell culture. Lack of extracellular ammoniagenesis at the apical surface of LLC-PK1 epithelia.
In renal ammoniagenesis, two major pathways of glutamine metabolism have been described: (i) intracellular metabolism by phosphate-dependent glutaminase (PDG) and glutamate dehydrogenase and (ii) extracellular metabolism by phosphate-independent glutaminase. The latter has been identified as the hydrolytic activity of the apically membrane-bound gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT). The growth properties of cultured renal epithelia enable the study of in vitro extracellular metabolic properties occurring at the apical epithelial surface in the culture dish. Therefore, confluent epithelia of the LLC-PK1 renal epithelial cell line were used to elucidate the role of extracellular (apical) hydrolysis of glutamine by gamma-GT in LLC-PK1 ammonia production. To distinguish between intra- and extracellular metabolism of glutamine, confluent LLC-PK1 epithelia were incubated with either D-glutamine as substrate, which cannot be metabolized intracellularly by PDG, or with L-glutamine and hippurate to stimulate, and AT-125 (acivicin) to inhibit gamma-GT activity, respectively. In addition, cellular uptake of the glutamate, extracellularly formed by gamma-GT, was inhibited by D-aspartate. D-Glutamine (2 mM) did not increase ammonia formation above endogenous production levels, indicating the negligible role of extracellular hydrolysis of glutamine by gamma-GT. After modulating gamma-GT activity by hippurate or AT-125, almost identical ammonia production rates were found within the various experimental protocols, further confirming that extracellular metabolism of glutamine does not significantly contribute to LLC-PK1 ammoniagenesis.

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson Title: Ammoniagenesis in Renal Cell Culture

Introduction:
Ammoniagenesis is the process of producing ammonia from glutamine. In renal cell culture, two major pathways of glutamine metabolism have been described: intracellular metabolism by phosphate-dependent glutaminase (PDG) and glutamate dehydrogenase, and extracellular metabolism by phosphate-independent glutaminase. The latter has been identified as the hydrolytic activity of the apically membrane-bound gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT). In this lesson, we will explore the role of extracellular (apical) hydrolysis of glutamine by gamma-GT in LLC-PK1 ammonia production.

Section 1: Understanding Ammoniagenesis in Renal Cell Culture

Topic 1: The Two Pathways of Glutamine Metabolism
- Intracellular metabolism by PDG and glutamate dehydrogenase
- Extracellular metabolism by phosphate-independent glutaminase (gamma-GT)

Topic 2: The Role of Gamma-GT in Ammoniagenesis
- Hydrolytic activity of the apically membrane-bound gamma-GT
- Study of in vitro extracellular metabolic properties occurring at the apical epithelial surface in the culture dish

Section 2: Experiment to Distinguish Between Intracellular and Extracellular Metabolism of Glutamine

Topic 3: Materials and Methods
- Confluent epithelia of the LLC-PK1 renal epithelial cell line
- D-glutamine as substrate, which cannot be metabolized intracellularly by PDG
- L-glutamine and hippurate to stimulate, and AT-125 (acivicin) to inhibit gamma-GT activity

Topic 4: Procedure
- Incubate confluent LLC-PK1 epithelia with D-glutamine as substrate
- Measure ammonia production in the culture medium
- Compare ammonia production with and without AT-125

Section 3: Results and Conclusion

Topic 5: Results
- Findings from the experiment
- Comparison of ammonia production with and without AT-125

Topic 6: Conclusion
- Importance of distinguishing between intracellular and extracellular metabolism of glutamine
- Implications for understanding ammoniagenesis in renal cell culture

Glossary:
- Ammoniagenesis: The process of producing ammonia from glutamine
- Phosphate-dependent glutaminase (PDG): An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to produce glutamate and inorganic phosphate
- Phosphate-independent glutaminase (gamma-GT): An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to produce ammonia and glutamate
- Hippurate: A product of glutamate metabolism that can be used to stimulate gamma-GT activity
- Acivicin: A drug that inhibits gamma-GT activity

Self-Debating Discussion:
- How does the study of ammoniagenesis in renal cell culture contribute to our understanding of ammonia production in the kidneys?
- What are some potential applications of understanding ammoniagenesis in renal cell culture?

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we explored the process of ammoniagenesis in renal cell culture and the role of gamma-GT in extracellular metabolism of glutamine. We also conducted an experiment to distinguish between intracellular and extracellular metabolism of glutamine and discussed the implications of our findings. By understanding the mechanisms of ammoniagenesis in renal cell culture, we can gain insights into the regulation of ammonia production in the kidneys and potentially develop therapeutic strategies for diseases associated with abnormal ammonia levels.


text: Joseph Keller. Doctoral Student. Research Interests: worker mobility, organizational decision making, work and employment, talent and performance management. - Peter Cappelli, Joseph Keller (2014), Talent management: Conceptual approaches and practical challenges, Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior , 1. Abstract. - Matthew Bidwell, Joseph Keller (2014), Within or without? How firms combine internal and external labor markets to fill jobs, Academy of Management Journal. - Joseph Keller, Peter Cappelli, "A supply chain approach to talent management". In Strategic Talent Management: Contemporary Issues in International Context, edited by Paul Sparrow, Hugh Scullion, Ibraiz Tarique, (2012).

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Research Interests in Organizational Psychology

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
In this lesson, we will explore the research interests of Joseph Keller, a doctoral student in organizational psychology. We will cover topics such as worker mobility, organizational decision-making, work and employment, and talent and performance management.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
Let's start with an example. Imagine you are a manager at a company that is struggling to fill open positions. You could use Keller's research on within or without talent management to decide whether to hire internally or externally. If you choose to hire internally, you may want to consider factors such as employee morale, skill set, and cost. Alternatively, if you choose to hire externally, you may want to consider factors such as the cost of recruiting and training, as well as the potential for cultural fit.

## Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions
Now let's engage in a self-debating discussion. Suppose you are a manager who has decided to hire externally for an open position. How do you determine which candidates to interview? One approach is to use a scoring system based on factors such as experience, education, and relevant skills. However, this approach may not take into account intangible qualities such as personality and cultural fit. On the other hand, relying solely on these intangible qualities may lead to hiring someone who lacks the necessary technical skills for the job. How do you balance these factors when making your decision?

## Glossary
- Worker mobility: The ability of workers to move between jobs or organizations.
- Organizational decision-making: The process by which organizations make decisions.
- Work and employment: The relationship between work and employment.
- Talent and performance management: The process of identifying, developing, and managing talent within an organization.

## Conclusion
In this lesson, we have explored the research interests of Joseph Keller, a doctoral student in organizational psychology. We have covered topics such as worker mobility, organizational decision-making, work and employment, and talent and performance management. We have also engaged in a self-debating discussion on how to determine which candidates to interview when hiring externally for an open position. By applying the concepts and skills learned in this lesson, you can make informed decisions and contribute to the success of your organization.


text: .. Somewhere in the human mind are well-trained symphony orchestras ready to weave paeans and well-lubricated harmonies that appreciate the words "hope" and "trust." I'm not against it ... just sayin'.. But when I read the two words in close proximity the other day, I wondered how much the one differed from the other ... how it distinguished itself as something separate. Was there a symphony that played Beethoven while another played Haydn?. I couldn't readily find an answer. Instead I got stuck on the fact that both trust and hope carried with them an implicit and mostly whispered doubt. Each held within its DNA a statement of contentment and assurance based on what could not be known for sure. The sun will rise in the East. Water is wet. War is a heinous business ... beyond horror. And Beethoven is to die for.. And perhaps it is that very uncertainty that makes the music so loud and sweet in the first place.. .

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Uncertainty in Life

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will explore the concept of uncertainty and how it plays a crucial role in our lives. We will discuss how uncertainty can lead to positive outcomes and how it can inspire us to take risks and pursue our dreams.

Section 1: Understanding Uncertainty

Uncertainty refers to the state of being unsure or unclear about something. It is an inherent part of life and cannot be avoided. However, understanding uncertainty can help us manage it better.

Question: What is uncertainty?
Answer: Uncertainty is the state of being unsure or unclear about something. It is a natural part of life and cannot be avoided.

Section 2: The Role of Uncertainty in Our Lives

Uncertainty plays a significant role in our lives, and it can lead to positive outcomes. For instance, if we were certain about everything, we would never take risks or try new things.

Question: How does uncertainty affect our lives?
Answer: Uncertainty can inspire us to take risks and pursue our dreams. It can also lead to positive outcomes, such as trying new things and taking on challenges.

Section 3: Embracing Uncertainty

Embracing uncertainty can be challenging, but it is essential to live a fulfilling life. We must learn to accept the unknown and use it to our advantage.

Question: How can we embrace uncertainty?
Answer: To embrace uncertainty, we must learn to accept the unknown and use it to our advantage. This means taking risks, pursuing our dreams, and being open to new experiences.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, uncertainty is an integral part of life, and learning to embrace it can lead to positive outcomes. By understanding the concept of uncertainty, we can better manage it and use it to our advantage. So, let us embrace the unknown and pursue our passions with courage and determination.

Glossary:
- Uncertainty: The state of being unsure or unclear about something.
- Risk: A situation involving exposure to danger.
- Dreams: A strong desire or aspiration.

Self-Debate Discussion:

Is embracing uncertainty worth the risk?

Some people may argue that embracing uncertainty is not worth the risk, as it can lead to negative outcomes. However, others may argue that taking risks and pursuing our dreams is essential for personal growth and fulfillment. Ultimately, it is up to each individual to decide whether embracing uncertainty is worth the risk.


text: Ingredients. - wedge as we need to fit in all the teeth and tongues! (note that the pear will need an extra small wedge cut at the top for the eye). - Next using the trail mix, pick out seeds and start to push them into the top row of the wedge to look like teeth, this can be any combination to make them look as terrifying as possible.. - Then we need to slice up a strawberry, cut off the top and put on your worktop with the tip facing up, slice into the strawberry creating thin tongue like slices.. - Next take some jam, mix it up well, maybe add a dash of water in a bowl and a big spoon to loosen up the jam and start to spoon into the mouths of the fruit monsters, follow this with the strawberry tongues and your monsters should be well under way.. - Now the last bit, we need to give them eyes, make a small incision at the top of each fruit and place in two pumpkin seeds. (for the pear just do the one).. - And there you have it now devour them before they devour you!

textbook:
Lesson: How to Make Fruit Monsters

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to make fruit monsters using different fruits and ingredients. This is a fun and creative activity that you can do with your friends or family. It's also a great way to use up leftover Halloween candy!

Materials:
- Wedge of cheese
- Trail mix
- Strawberries
- Jam
- Pumpkin seeds

Instructions:
1. Start by cutting a wedge out of a block of cheese. You will need to fit in all the teeth and tongues of your fruit monster, so make sure your wedge is big enough!

2. Next, pick out seeds from the trail mix and start pushing them into the top row of the wedge to look like teeth. This can be any combination to make them look as terrifying as possible.

3. Slice up a strawberry and cut off the top. Slice into the strawberry creating thin tongue-like slices.

4. Mix up some jam, maybe add a dash of water in a bowl and a big spoon to loosen up the jam. Start to spoon into the mouths of the fruit monsters, follow this with the strawberry tongues and your monsters should be well underway.

5. Make a small incision at the top of each fruit and place in two pumpkin seeds. (For the pear, just do the one).

6. And there you have it! Now devour them before they devour you!

Conclusion:
Making fruit monsters is a fun and easy activity that you can do with kids or adults. It's a great way to get creative with your Halloween candy and make something unique and delicious. Use this lesson to learn how to make your own fruit monsters and impress your friends and family with your creativity!


text: Opened 5 years ago. Closed 3 years ago. #882 closed defect (not relevant). debugging for Wx-scripts doesn't work. Change History (4). comment:1 Changed 5 years ago by mtbf40. - Summary changed from dubugging for Wx-scripts doesn't work to debugging for Wx-scripts doesn't work. comment:2 Changed 4 years ago by szabgab. - Component changed from editor to Debugger for Perl 5. comment:3 Changed 3 years ago by bowtie. - Owner set to bowtie. - Status changed from new to assigned. comment:4 Changed 3 years ago by bowtie. - Resolution set to not relevant. - Status changed from assigned to closed. Note: See TracTickets for help on using tickets.. mtbf40. please re-test with current Padre 0.95 from trunk. and advise

textbook:
Lesson: How to Read and Understand Ticket Messages

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to read and understand ticket messages. Ticket messages are used to track bugs and issues in software development. They contain important information about the problem, its status, and who is working on it. By understanding ticket messages, we can better collaborate with developers and contribute to the improvement of software products.

Section 1: Understanding Ticket Components

The first step in reading ticket messages is to understand their components. A typical ticket message has the following components:

- Summary: A brief description of the issue.
- Component: The part of the software affected by the issue.
- Owner: The person responsible for fixing the issue.
- Status: The current stage of the issue.
- Resolution: The solution to the issue.

Let's take the example ticket message from the input:

- Summary: debugging for Wx-scripts doesn't work
- Component: Debugger for Perl 5
- Owner: bowtie
- Status: assigned
- Resolution: not relevant

By understanding these components, we can quickly grasp the essence of the issue and its status.

Section 2: Reading Ticket Comments

Ticket comments are additional messages added to the ticket by developers or users. They provide more information about the issue and its resolution. Some common types of comments are:

- Test results: Results of tests performed to reproduce the issue.
- Suggestions: Ideas for solving the issue.
- Discussions: Debates about the best way to fix the issue.

Let's take the example ticket message again and read some comments:

- comment:1 Changed 5 years ago by mtbf40. - Summary changed from dubugging for Wx-scripts doesn't work to debugging for Wx-scripts doesn't work.
- comment:2 Changed 4 years ago by szabgab. - Component changed from editor to Debugger for Perl 5.
- comment:3 Changed 3 years ago by bowtie. - Owner set to bowtie. - Status changed from new to assigned.
- comment:4 Changed 3 years ago by bowtie. - Resolution set to not relevant. - Status changed from assigned to closed.

By reading these comments, we can see that the summary was changed, the component was changed, and the owner was assigned to bowtie. Finally, the ticket was closed with a resolution of "not relevant".

Section 3: Practical Examples

Now let's apply what we've learned to two practical examples:

Example 1: You receive a ticket message about a bug in a web application. The summary says "Login button doesn't work". The ticket is assigned to the owner and has a status of "new".

- What does this mean? This means that a bug has been reported where the login button does not function properly.

Example 2: You are a developer working on a software project. You receive a ticket message about a feature request. The summary says "Add a search bar to the homepage". The ticket is assigned to you and has a status of "new".

- What does this mean? This means that a user has requested the addition of a search bar to the homepage of the software product. You, as a developer, are responsible for implementing this feature.

Conclusion:

By understanding the components of a ticket message and reading comments, we can effectively collaborate with developers and contribute to the improvement of software products. By applying what we've learned to practical examples, we can better understand how to use ticket messages in our daily work.

Glossary:
- Ticket: A tool used to track bugs and issues in software development.
- Component: A part of the software affected by an issue.
- Owner: The person responsible for fixing an issue.
- Status: The current stage of an issue.
- Resolution: The solution to an issue.
- Comment: An additional message added to a ticket by developers or users.

[**Note:** This is just an example of a lesson. To create a complete lesson, you would need to provide more detailed explanations, examples, and practice exercises.]


text:
Norwegian Refugee Council finds ‘mega disasters’ such as typhoons and hurricanes drove 22 million people from homes

This article is more than 6 years old

This article is more than 6 years old

Natural disasters displaced three times as many people as war last year – even as 2013 was a horrific year for conflict – with 22 million people driven out of their homes by floods, hurricanes and other hazards, a new study has found.

Twice as many people now lose their homes to disaster as in the 1970s, and more people move into harm’s way each year, the study by the Norwegian Refugee Council found.

“Basically, the combination of mega natural disasters and hundreds of smaller natural disasters massively displaces people in many more countries than the countries that have war and conflict,” said Jan Egeland, the secretary of the Norwegian refugee council.

He said he hoped the findings would prod leaders meeting at a United Nations climate summit next week to work to protect populations from more disaster-prone future under climate change.

Last year was in some ways an anomaly because so many people were driven out of their homes by war. In some years, 10 times as many people lose their homes to natural disasters. “Natural disasters are underestimated as a scourge that is hitting tens of millions of people every year,” Egeland said.

On average, 27 million people a year lost their homes to natural disasters over the last decade. In 2010, that number rose to 42 million.

While mega-disasters such as the devastating typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines attract international attention, the losses due to smaller-scale storms and flooding often go unrecorded.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest A storm surge from typhoon Haiyan was capable of destroying a home in seconds.

The global figure for those displaced by disasters could even be higher, Egeland said.

Those living in developing countries are most at risk. The study found more than 80% of those displaced over the last five years lived in Asia. That pattern held last year as well when nearly 19 million of the 22 million displaced lived in Asia.

In many instances, local people do not have time to recover from a disaster before a new one hits, the study found.

In the Philippines last year, some 5.8 million people lost their homes because of a constellation of disasters.

Typhoon Haiyan alone displaced some 4.1 million, with others forced out by typhoon Trami and an earthquake.

Africa also saw widespread displacement by rainy season flooding in Niger, Chad, Sudan and South Sudan.

America did not go unspared, with nearly 220,000 people losing their homes to tornadoes in Oklahoma.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest A tornado in Oklahoma in 2013, where more than 200,000 people lost homes.

The risk of such disasters is also rising, outpacing population growth and even rapid urbanisation. Global population has doubled since the 1970s, but the urban population has tripled since that time.

The mass migration from countryside to cities is putting more and more people at risk – especially in Asia’s mega-cities, which are the most disaster prone.

Africa, where populations are expected to double by 2050, also faces increasing risk.

“These vast urban areas become traps when a natural disaster hits,” Egeland said. “People are crammed together and there is no escape. They live in river deltas, they live on hurricane beaches, they live along river beds that are easily flooded, they live where there are mud slides, and so on.”

Scientists predict a rise in such extreme weather events in a future under climate change.

Better early warning systems in some countries, such as Bangladesh, have succeeded in keeping people safe during such storms. But they are still at risk of losing all they own.

“We are now better at saving lives, but we are not able to save their homes and their livelihoods so they become destitute,” he said.

textbook:
Lesson: Natural Disasters and Climate Change

Introduction:

Natural disasters are events that occur naturally and cause damage to human life, property, and the environment. Climate change is a long-term shift in weather patterns caused by changes in the Earth's atmosphere. In this lesson, we will learn about the impact of natural disasters and climate change on people and the environment.

Section 1: Natural Disasters

**Definition:** A natural disaster is an event that occurs naturally and causes damage to human life, property, and the environment.

**Examples:** Floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis, and wildfires.

**Impact:** Natural disasters can cause loss of life, destruction of property, and displacement of people. They can also have long-term effects on the environment, such as deforestation and soil erosion.

**Causes:** Natural disasters are caused by various factors, including changes in the Earth's atmosphere, geological processes, and human activities. Climate change is one of the main causes of natural disasters.

Section 2: Climate Change

**Definition:** Climate change is a long-term shift in weather patterns caused by changes in the Earth's atmosphere.

**Causes:** Climate change is primarily caused by human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes. These activities release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, which trap heat and cause the Earth's temperature to rise.

**Impact:** Climate change can have significant effects on the environment, including rising sea levels, melting glaciers, and more frequent and severe natural disasters. It can also affect human life, such as food and water scarcity, disease transmission, and displacement of people.

Section 3: Mitigating Natural Disasters and Climate Change

**Prevention:** There are several measures that can be taken to prevent or reduce the impact of natural disasters. These include building stronger infrastructure, improving early warning systems, and developing better land-use policies.

**Adaptation:** Even if we reduce the impact of natural disasters, we cannot entirely prevent them. Therefore, it is essential to adapt to the changing climate and learn to live with natural disasters. This can be done by improving our ability to respond to emergencies, preparing for evacuations, and developing resilient communities.

**Conclusion:** Natural disasters and climate change pose significant challenges to human life and the environment. By understanding the causes and impacts of these events and taking appropriate measures, we can reduce their impact and protect ourselves and our planet.

Glossary:
- Natural disaster: An event that occurs naturally and causes damage to human life, property, and the environment.
- Climate change: A long-term shift in weather patterns caused by changes in the Earth's atmosphere.
- Greenhouse gases: Gases that trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, causing the planet to warm up.
- Mitigate: To reduce or eliminate the impact of something.
- Resilience: The ability of a community or system to adapt, recover, and grow in the face of adversity.


text: What to Know. - For Windows 10, Start > Settings > Accounts > Family & Other Users > Add a Family. Member >).. To enable Parental Controls in Windows 8 and 8.1, you first need to create an account for your child. You do this in PC Settings. Then, from Control Panel, you configure the desired settings for that child account.. From the keyboard, hold down the Windows key and press C. Programs.. - Does FamiSafe work on Windows?. Yes. FamiSafe parental control software is available for Windows, macOS, iOS, Android, and Amazon Fire tablets.. - How do I set up internet parental controls?. You can set up parental controls for the internet via your router's admin console, use built-in parental controls for Google Chrome and other browsers, or use third-party parental controls apps.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Parental Controls

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
Parental controls are tools that allow parents to monitor and restrict their children's access to certain websites, apps, and features on their devices. These controls help keep children safe online by preventing them from accessing inappropriate content or engaging in risky behavior.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
Let's say you have a child who loves playing video games. You want to make sure they only have access to age-appropriate games and don't spend too much time playing. With parental controls, you can set limits on how long they can play each day and which games they can access.

Another example might be a parent who wants to limit their child's social media usage. With parental controls, you can block specific social media apps or set time limits for when your child can use them.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
Now let's consider a scenario where a parent wants to restrict their child's access to certain websites. They can use parental controls to block specific websites or categories of websites, such as adult content or gambling sites.

Finally, let's look at a situation where a parent wants to monitor their child's phone usage. With parental controls, they can see which apps their child is using, how much time they spend on their phone, and even track their location if necessary.

## Glossary
- Parental Controls: Tools that allow parents to monitor and restrict their children's access to certain websites, apps, and features on their devices.
- Age-Appropriate: Content that is suitable for a specific age group and is not harmful or inappropriate for younger children.
- Risky Behavior: Actions that could potentially harm oneself or others, such as visiting dangerous websites or engaging in online bullying.

## Conclusion
Parental controls are essential tools for keeping children safe online. By understanding how they work and how to set them up, parents can ensure that their children have a positive and safe experience on the internet.


text: Specialists in sensory room design & installation. £795.00. New and Exclusive! The Nebula looks like it belongs in an alien world- it conjure’s images of spaceship and E.T, light waves and electricity! (but don’t worry there is no electricity running through the fibres!). Designed to drop into a replace one standard 60 x 60cm false ceiling tile. Don’t have a false ceiling? No problem, we have created the Cosmos Panel for those who have solid ceilings with no access above.. A beautiful dome shaped ball that hangs out from your ceiling tile- filled with colour changing fibre optics.. It makes a fantastic visual resource, particularly suited to placement above a bed or waterbed, or in a sensory room. Also suited to hospitals, creating a point of focus while treatment is being undertaken..

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Fiber Optics

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
Fiber optics is a technology that uses thin strands of glass or plastic to transmit light. These fibers can carry data in the form of electrical signals or light pulses. The light is usually generated by a laser or a light-emitting diode (LED) and travels through the fiber until it reaches its destination.

### Section 2: Practical Examples
Fiber optics are used in many applications, including telecommunications, data transmission, and medical imaging. In telecommunications, fiber optics are used to transmit data over long distances without losing much of the signal strength. This allows for faster and more reliable communication than traditional copper wires.

In data transmission, fiber optics are used to connect computers and other devices to a network. This allows for high-speed data transfer and reduces the risk of interference from other electronic devices.

In medical imaging, fiber optics are used to create images of the body's internal structures. A small fiber optic cable is inserted into the body and illuminated with a light source. The light reflects off the structures inside the body and is collected by the cable, which then transmits the image to a computer for analysis.

### Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
Fiber optics are also used in many other industries, such as aerospace, defense, and manufacturing. In aerospace, fiber optics are used to create precise measurements of distances and angles. In defense, fiber optics are used to create secure communication networks that are difficult to intercept. In manufacturing, fiber optics are used to monitor the quality of products and processes.

### Glossary
- Fiber optic: A thin strand of glass or plastic that carries light pulses
- Laser: A device that generates light through a process called stimulated emission
- LED: A semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current passes through it
- Telecommunications: The transmission of data over long distances
- Data transmission: The process of sending and receiving information between devices
- Medical imaging: The creation of images of the body's internal structures
- Aerospace: The industry that designs and builds aircraft and spacecraft
- Defense: The protection of a country or region from attack
- Manufacturing: The process of creating goods through the use of machines, tools, and labor

### Conclusion
Fiber optics are an important technology that has many applications in telecommunications, data transmission, medical imaging, aerospace, defense, and manufacturing. By understanding the principles behind fiber optics and their practical uses, we can apply this knowledge to new problems and develop innovative solutions.


text: These Sexual-Harassment PSAs Will Soon Be Everywhere. The series, produced by David Schwimmer, will now be on TV, streaming services, and in New York City taxis.By Madeleine Aggeler. The series, produced by David Schwimmer, will now be on TV, streaming services, and in New York City taxis.By Madeleine Aggeler. “It’s a stark and shocking mirror to people to rethink how we behave online.”By Lisa Ryan. [Stirring music swells.]By Karen Brill. The video is part of the GirlGaze Project.By Jenni Miller. The video is part of the GirlGaze Project.By Jenni Miller. "If ending prohibition on marijuana reduces recidivism, then let’s do it."By Dee Lockett. Register, y'all.By Devon Iv

textbook:
Lesson:
Title: Sexual Harassment Awareness
Level: Primary School
Objective: To educate students about sexual harassment and its effects on individuals and society.
Introduction:
Sexual harassment is a serious problem that affects many people around the world. It is important for us to understand what sexual harassment is, why it happens, and how we can prevent it. In this lesson, we will learn about sexual harassment and its effects on individuals and society.
What is sexual harassment?
Sexual harassment is any unwanted sexual behavior that makes someone feel uncomfortable, threatened, or unsafe. This can include touching, comments, gestures, or displays that are sexual in nature. Sexual harassment can happen to anyone, regardless of gender, age, or background.
Why does sexual harassment happen?
Sexual harassment often happens because someone has power over another person. For example, a boss may sexually harass an employee or a teacher may sexually harass a student. People may also engage in sexual harassment because they think it is funny or because they want to gain power over others.
How can we prevent sexual harassment?
There are several things we can do to prevent sexual harassment. First, we can speak out against it when we see it happening. Second, we can treat everyone with respect and dignity, regardless of their gender or background. Finally, we can support organizations that work to end sexual harassment and empower survivors.
Conclusion:
Sexual harassment is a serious problem that affects many people around the world. By understanding what sexual harassment is, why it happens, and how we can prevent it, we can help create a safer and more equitable world for everyone.


text: Drug abuse (addiction) involves compulsively seeking to use a substance, regardless of the potentially negative social, psychological and physical consequences. Certain drugs, such as narcotics and cocaine, are more physically addicting than some other drugs. One may have an emotional, psychological or a physical dependence.. Select a Topic. 2 comments:. Wow!!! This is an amazing tips for losing weight.. It is as good as the previous site which i follow. to lose my weight. Anyone can follow it.. Howtoiloseweight.com. Thanks for visiting, please drop a message if you liked it or you have some suggestions. So that we can improve and provide you better services.

textbook:
Lesson: Drug Addiction

**Introduction:** Drug addiction is a serious problem that affects millions of people worldwide. It is a complex disease that involves compulsive drug-seeking behavior, despite negative consequences. In this lesson, we will explore the basics of drug addiction, including what it is, how it works, and why it's so difficult to overcome.

**Section 1: What is Drug Addiction?**

Drug addiction, also known as substance use disorder, is a medical condition characterized by compulsive drug-seeking behavior despite negative consequences. People who are addicted to drugs may continue to use them even though they know it's harming their health, relationships, and overall well-being.

**Section 2: How Does Drug Addiction Work?**

Drug addiction is a brain disease that affects the reward system. When a person takes a drug, it triggers the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that creates feelings of pleasure and euphoria. Over time, the brain becomes less sensitive to dopamine, leading to cravings for more of the drug to achieve the same pleasurable effects. This leads to a cycle of drug use, tolerance, and dependence.

**Section 3: Why is Drug Addiction So Difficult to Overcome?**

Drug addiction is difficult to overcome because it changes the way the brain works. The brain becomes used to the presence of the drug and starts to rely on it to function normally. When the drug is removed, withdrawal symptoms can occur, making it hard for the person to quit using. Additionally, drug addiction often involves powerful cravings and a strong desire to use the drug, which can make it challenging to resist.

**Section 4: Practical Examples**

Let's say a person becomes addicted to opioids after being prescribed them for chronic pain. Over time, they develop a tolerance to the drug and need more and more of it to achieve the same level of relief. They may start to prioritize getting and using the drug over other aspects of their life, such as work or relationships. Despite negative consequences, such as losing their job or damaging their relationships, they continue to use the drug.

**Glossary:**
- Dopamine: A neurotransmitter that creates feelings of pleasure and euphoria.
- Neurotransmitter: A chemical messenger that transmits signals across a neuron.
- Tolerance: The need for more and more of a drug to achieve the same effect.
- Withdrawal: Physical and psychological symptoms that occur when a person stops using a drug.

**Conclusion:** Drug addiction is a complex disease that involves compulsive drug-seeking behavior, despite negative consequences. Understanding the basics of drug addiction can help us better understand the challenges faced by those who struggle with this condition. By learning about the science behind drug addiction, we can better support those who are working to overcome it and advocate for evidence-based treatment options.


text: Baby and Kids. Nurture and play with your tiny tot all at once with a Lapiluv.. Lapiluv combines the power of play with technology! This innovative apron is a favorite among moms and caregivers alike; it is a wearable play system that allows your baby to interact, learn, and be stimulated while bonding with you, all in the safety of your lap! This apron has been featured on MSNBC an CNET and it's the only wearable-infant-cover for your iPad or iPhone and attachable toys. You'll love it!. What you get:. Lapiluv was created by Patricia Martin White, a mother with considerable experience with “hi-tech” innovations, Lapiluv combines the power of play with technology.

textbook:
Lesson Title: Introduction to Lapiluv
Level: Primary School
Objective: To introduce Lapiluv as an innovative product that combines play and technology to nurture and stimulate babies while bonding with their caregivers.
Introduction:
Lapiluv is an apron designed for babies that allows them to interact with technology while playing with their caregivers. It is a wearable play system that can be used on an iPad or iPhone, and it comes with attachable toys that are safe for babies. In this lesson, we will learn about Lapiluv's features, benefits, and how it works.
Section 1: Features and Benefits of Lapiluv
- Lapiluv is an apron that can be worn by babies while they play with their caregivers.
- It is made of soft and durable materials that are safe for babies.
- It comes with attachable toys that are designed to stimulate babies' senses and help them learn.
- Lapiluv allows babies to interact with technology while bonding with their caregivers.
- It encourages physical and cognitive development in babies.
- It is easy to use and requires no assembly.
- It can be used anywhere, anytime.
- It is a fun and educational way to spend time with babies.
Section 2: How Lapiluv Works
- Lapiluv is an apron that can be worn by babies while they play with their caregivers.
- It comes with an iPad or iPhone holder that attaches to the apron.
- The holder is adjustable and can be positioned to fit the baby's height.
- The attachable toys are designed to be safe for babies and can be attached to the apron.
- The toys are interactive and respond to the baby's movements.
- The baby can play with the toys while watching videos or playing games on the iPad or iPhone.
- The apron is also designed to be comfortable for the caregiver to wear.
Section 3: Practical Examples and Real-World Scenarios
- A baby can play with the attachable toys while watching educational videos on the iPad or iPhone.
- The caregiver can read stories to the baby while the baby plays with the toys.
- The baby can learn to recognize colors and shapes while playing with the toys.
- The baby can learn to count while playing with the toys.
- The baby can learn to identify animals while playing with the toys.
Conclusion:
Lapiluv is an innovative product that combines play and technology to nurture and stimulate babies while bonding with their caregivers. It is a fun and educational way to spend time with babies. By using Lapiluv, babies can learn and develop their physical and cognitive skills while having fun.


text: Fundamental contagious malady, likewise alluded to as foundational mycosis, is portrayed by section of a parasitic life form into a creature and ensuring spread to differed organs of the body. Fungi (plural of fungus) can go anywhere within the body, but each fungal species has preferred locations, like the lungs, eyes, or lymph nodes. Aspergillosis—Aspergillosis is a fungal infection caused by a species of mold called Aspergillus. These fungi most ordinarily affect dogs with weakened immune systems. The nasal sort of the disease is that the commonest , with transference occurring through your dog's nose and sinuses. Clove oil, oregano oil and myrrh oil are all known to be powerful antifungals which will help kill a spread of parasites and fungi within the body, including candida. Lavender oil is additionally known to prevent the continued growth of candida and stop the spread of infection throughout the body.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Fungal Infections in Animals

**Objective:** To provide an introduction to fungal infections in animals and their causes, symptoms, and treatments.

**Overview:** Fungal infections in animals are caused by various types of fungi that can enter the body through different routes. These infections can affect different parts of the body and cause varying degrees of discomfort and illness. In this lesson, we will explore the causes, symptoms, and treatments of fungal infections in animals.

**Section 1: Introduction to Fungi**

Fungi are a type of microorganism that can live on plants, animals, and humans. They are made up of tiny cells called spores that can spread through the air or by contact with infected surfaces. Some fungi are harmless, while others can cause infections in animals.

**Section 2: Causes of Fungal Infections**

Fungal infections in animals can occur when they come into contact with fungi that are present in their environment. This can happen through ingestion of contaminated food or water, inhalation of spores, or direct contact with infected surfaces. Animals with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to fungal infections.

**Section 3: Symptoms of Fungal Infections**

The symptoms of fungal infections vary depending on the location and severity of the infection. Common symptoms include coughing, sneezing, difficulty breathing, skin irritation, and discharge from the eyes or nose. In severe cases, fungal infections can cause fever, lethargy, and weight loss.

**Section 4: Treatments for Fungal Infections**

Treatment for fungal infections depends on the type and severity of the infection. Antifungal medications are commonly used to treat infections, and may be administered orally or topically. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove infected tissue.

**Section 5: Prevention of Fungal Infections**

Preventing fungal infections in animals involves maintaining a clean and healthy environment, avoiding contact with contaminated surfaces, and ensuring that animals receive proper nutrition and veterinary care. Regular check-ups with a veterinarian can help detect and prevent potential infections.

**Conclusion:** Fungal infections in animals can be caused by various types of fungi and can affect different parts of the body. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatments of these infections is essential for ensuring the health and well-being of our furry friends. By taking preventative measures and seeking appropriate treatment, we can help protect our animals from the dangers of fungal infections.

**Glossary:**
- Fungi: a type of microorganism that can live on plants, animals, and humans
- Spores: tiny cells that make up fungi
- Immune system: the body's defense against infections and diseases
- Antifungal: a medication that treats fungal infections
- Surgery: a medical procedure that involves cutting into the body
- Nutrition: the process of providing the body with the food it needs to function properly.


text: Beach Volleyball 2016.. – Play on 5 different exotic courts around the world.. – Singleplayer, Multiplayer and Tournament Modes.. – Fully Immersive 3D Graphics and Animations.. – Compatible with iOS version 6.0 or higher.. Beach Volleyball 2016, \”You\’re in the Game\”. To Download Beach Volleyball 2016 For PC,users need to install an Android Emulator like Xeplayer.With Xeplayer,you can Download Beach Volleyball 2016 for PC version on your Windows 7,8,10 and Laptop.. How to Play Beach Volleyball 2016 on PC,Laptop,Windows. 1.Download and Install XePlayer Android Emulator.Click "Download XePlayer" to download.. 2.Run XePlayer Android Emulator and login Google Play Store.. 3.Open Google Play Store and search Beach Volleyball 2016 and download,Or import the apk file from your PC Into XePlayer to install it.. 4.Install Beach Volleyball 2016 for PC.Now you can play Beach Volleyball 2016 on PC.Have fun!

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Beach Volleyball 2016
**Objective:** To introduce students to the game of beach volleyball and its features.
**Level:** Primary through high school
**Duration:** 45 minutes
## Section 1: Introduction to Beach Volleyball
### Topic 1: What is Beach Volleyball?
- Beach Volleyball is a popular sport that involves two teams of two players each playing on a sand court.
### Topic 2: Features of Beach Volleyball 2016
- The game has five different exotic courts around the world.
- It has Singleplayer, Multiplayer, and Tournament Modes.
- The graphics and animations are fully immersive in 3D.
- It is compatible with iOS version 6.0 or higher.
## Section 2: How to Play Beach Volleyball 2016
### Topic 1: Controls
- Use the arrow keys to move your player.
- Press the spacebar to jump.
- Use the mouse to control the direction of your hit.
### Topic 2: Gameplay
- The objective of the game is to score points by grounding the ball on the other team's court.
- Each team has three touches before sending the ball back over the net.
- The game is won by the team that reaches 21 points first and leads by two points.
## Section 3: Strategies and Tactics
### Topic 1: Serving
- A good serve can set the tone for the entire game.
- Aim for the back and center of the ball for a powerful and accurate serve.
### Topic 2: Passing
- Good passing is essential for a successful defense.
- Focus on reading the setter's position and moving quickly to the ball.
### Topic 3: Hitting
- Hitting is the most offensive skill in beach volleyball.
- Aim for the corners of the court when hitting to make it difficult for the opponent to return the ball.
## Section 4: Glossary
| Term | Definition |
|-------|------------|
| Arrow Keys | Used to move the player. |
| Spacebar | Used to jump. |
| Mouse | Used to control the direction of the hit. |
| Serve | To hit the ball into the air and send it over the net. |
| Pass | To deflect the ball back over the net without it touching the ground. |
| Hit | To make contact with the ball and send it over the net. |
## Section 5: Conclusion
In this lesson, we introduced students to the game of beach volleyball and its features. We covered the basic controls, gameplay, strategies, and tactics. We also provided a glossary of key terms. Students can now apply these skills to play the game and improve their skills.


text: WSF is a global venture builder based in Irvine, California with the aim to bring together the SME and Startup ecosystem across the globe through trainings, mentorship, cross-border collaborations and funding, media exposure and market expansion for SME's and Startups at all levels of growth.. Working closely with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Smart Africa, and the Commonwealth Youth Council (CYC) towards the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs), and mainly governmental agnecies to ensure that the sole focus is to create the next generation of successful businesses within a strong and empowered youth entrepreneurship ecosystem.

textbook:
Lesson: Entrepreneurship and Business Building
Introduction:
Entrepreneurship is the process of creating, managing, and expanding a business venture. It involves identifying a need in the market, developing a product or service to meet that need, and bringing it to customers. In this lesson, we will learn about the key components of entrepreneurship and business building.
Section 1: Identifying a Need in the Market
Entrepreneurs must identify a need in the market that is not being met by existing products or services. This can be done through market research, which involves gathering information about customer needs, preferences, and behaviors. Once an entrepreneur has identified a need, they can develop a product or service that meets that need.
Question: How does an entrepreneur identify a need in the market?
Answer: An entrepreneur identifies a need in the market through market research, which involves gathering information about customer needs, preferences, and behaviors.
Definition: Market research is the process of gathering, analyzing, and interpreting data about a market, product, or service to understand and satisfy customer needs.
Example: A company that sells sports equipment may conduct market research to determine which types of sports are most popular among its target audience. Based on this research, the company can develop new products that cater to the needs of these customers.
Section 2: Developing a Product or Service
Once an entrepreneur has identified a need in the market, they must develop a product or service that meets that need. This involves designing, creating, and testing the product or service to ensure that it meets the needs of customers.
Question: How does an entrepreneur develop a product or service?
Answer: An entrepreneur develops a product or service by designing, creating, and testing it to ensure that it meets the needs of customers.
Definition: Design thinking is a problem-solving approach that involves understanding user needs, brainstorming solutions, and prototyping and testing ideas.
Example: A company that sells organic food may conduct taste tests and surveys to determine which products are most popular among its target audience. Based on this research, the company can develop new products that cater to the needs of these customers.
Section 3: Bringing the Product or Service to Customers
Once an entrepreneur has developed a product or service, they must bring it to customers. This involves marketing and selling the product or service to potential buyers.
Question: How does an entrepreneur bring their product or service to customers?
Answer: An entrepreneur brings their product or service to customers through marketing and selling efforts that target potential buyers.
Definition: Marketing is the process of communicating the value of a product or service to potential buyers.
Example: A company that sells online courses may use social media advertising and email marketing to reach potential customers who are interested in learning new skills. Based on this marketing, the company can sell its courses to these customers.
Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about the key components of entrepreneurship and business building. We discussed how entrepreneurs identify needs in the market, develop products or services to meet those needs, and bring those products or services to customers. By understanding these key components, aspiring entrepreneurs can build successful businesses that meet the needs of their target audience.
Glossary:
Market research: The process of gathering, analyzing, and interpreting data about a market, product, or service to understand and satisfy customer needs.
Design thinking: A problem-solving approach that involves understanding user needs, brainstorming solutions, and prototyping and testing ideas.
Marketing: The process of communicating the value of a product or service to potential buyers.


text: . DXCC is awarded to amateurs who submit confirmations for contacts with 100 or more entities on the DXCC countries list. Since 1946 the number of DXCC countries has varied between 321 and 341. Currently, there are currently 339 entities on the list.. The DXCC standings list recognises those who have contacted 100 or more entities. The DXCC Honor Roll recognises those who are within 9 entities of the maximum possible number of entities. Excellence recognises those who have achieved contacts with all possible entities. Presence in the Honour Roll and Excellence categories reflects the number of DXCC entities that existed at the time of the award. The following listing of the DXCC membership contains the names and call signs and credited totals by endorsement level.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to DXCC

**Objective:** To introduce students to the concept of DXCC and its significance in the world of amateur radio.

**Introduction:** DXCC stands for "DX Century Club" and is an award given to amateur radio operators who have made contact with 100 or more entities on the DXCC countries list. The DXCC list has varied between 321 and 341 entities since 1946, and currently has 339 entities on the list.

**Main Topic:** What is DXCC?

**Theoretical Concepts:**
- Amateur Radio Operators
- DXCC Countries List
- Contacts

**Practical Examples:**
- Imagine you are a ham radio operator who wants to earn the DXCC award. You would need to make contact with 100 or more entities on the DXCC countries list.
- To do this, you would need to use your radio equipment to transmit and receive signals from other ham operators around the world.
- You would also need to keep a logbook of all your contacts and submit them for verification by the DXCC committee.

**Definitions:**
- **Amateur Radio Operators:** These are individuals who are licensed to operate radio equipment for non-commercial purposes.
- **DXCC Countries List:** This is a list of countries that are recognized by the DXCC program as eligible for the award.
- **Contacts:** These are communications between two or more radio operators using Morse code, voice, or digital signals.

**Real-World Scenarios:**
- A ham radio operator living in the United States may have difficulty making contact with entities in nearby countries like Canada or Mexico, as these are considered "easy" contacts and are not counted towards the DXCC award.
- On the other hand, making contact with entities in far-off countries like Africa or Asia would be more challenging but would count towards the award.

**Self-Debate Discussion:**
- Why do you think the DXCC program exists?
- How difficult is it to earn the DXCC award?
- Do you think the DXCC program encourages amateur radio operators to explore new places and cultures?

**Glossary:**
- DXCC: DX Century Club
- Entities: Countries, territories, or other geographic areas recognized by the DXCC program
- Logbook: A record book used by radio operators to keep track of their contacts
- Verification: The process of checking and approving contacts for the DXCC award

**Conclusion:** In conclusion, the DXCC award is a prestigious honor given to amateur radio operators who have made contact with 100 or more entities on the DXCC countries list. The award encourages exploration and communication with different cultures around the world. By understanding the concepts behind the DXCC program, students can appreciate the significance of this award and its impact on the world of amateur radio.


text: Belly Peace. The first anti-war demonstration I attended was in San Francisco and it felt anything but violent. People danced, sang and made merry, much like a Swing Singapore affair. San Francisco, USA, 2003.. People turned up with their posters, banners, caricatures and art works, sharing a moment of solidarity against war.. Young punks, old people, families, dogs even an unborn baby lent their voices to peace.. I noticed a splinter group of punks breaking away from the main parade into in an alley and followed them. They quickly gathered in numbers, put on their masks and lined a parallel street in the opposite direction. Here was one of them taunting the police forces that swiftly moved in to ensure that no property was damaged in the heat of the matter.. The war proceeded. Our efforts were shrugged off. But we spoke. More than a hundred thousand of us in San Francisco. And many more in other parts of the world.

textbook:
Lesson: Anti-War Demonstrations

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about anti-war demonstrations and why they are important. We will explore the history of anti-war protests, the tactics used by protestors, and the impact of these demonstrations on society.

Section 1: History of Anti-War Protests

1. What is an anti-war demonstration?
An anti-war demonstration is a public gathering where people come together to express their opposition to a particular war or military conflict. These protests can take many forms, from peaceful marches to more aggressive forms of civil disobedience.

2. When did the first anti-war demonstration occur?
The first recorded anti-war demonstration took place in 494 BCE during the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta. Citizens of the Greek city-state of Sybota refused to allow their ships to be used in the war effort.

3. Why do people participate in anti-war demonstrations?
People participate in anti-war demonstrations for a variety of reasons. Some believe that war is never the answer and that conflicts should always be resolved peacefully. Others may oppose a specific war due to its perceived unjustness or because they believe it will not achieve its stated goals.

Section 2: Tactics Used by Protestors

4. What tactics do protestors use during anti-war demonstrations?
Protestors use a variety of tactics during anti-war demonstrations to make their voices heard. These include:

- Peaceful marches: Groups of people walk together while holding signs or chanting slogans.
- Civil disobedience: Protestors may engage in acts of nonviolent resistance, such as blocking traffic or sitting down in the middle of a street.
- Speeches and rallies: Leaders or prominent figures within the movement give speeches to inspire and motivate others.
- Petitions: Protestors collect signatures from supporters to present to government officials as a way of showing support for their cause.

5. How effective are these tactics?
The effectiveness of these tactics varies depending on the situation. While peaceful marches and civil disobedience can grab headlines and draw attention to the cause, they may not always lead to concrete policy changes. On the other hand, petitions and speeches can help build support for the cause among decision-makers.

Section 3: Impact of Anti-War Protests

6. Have anti-war demonstrations ever stopped a war?
While it is difficult to say that any single anti-war demonstration has stopped a war, these protests have played an important role in shaping public opinion and putting pressure on governments to reconsider their military actions.

7. What impact do anti-war protests have on society?
Anti-war protests can have a significant impact on society by raising awareness about the human costs of war and promoting dialogue and understanding between different groups. They can also help build a sense of community among those who share a common opposition to war.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, anti-war demonstrations are an important tool for promoting peace and justice in the world. By standing up against wars and military conflicts, we can send a powerful message that violence is not the answer and that there are alternative ways to resolve disputes. By learning about the history of anti-war protests and the tactics used by protestors, we can better understand our own power to make a difference in the world.


text: Mindful Manager. I. n the European Union more than 40 million people are affected by work-related stress. While employment is beneficial to our mental and physical health, it can also have negative effects on people’s wellbeing.. Partners in the UK, Belgium, Cyprus and Finland have gathered to develop a new training programme supporting public sector managers when dealing with stress in their workplace.. The Mindful Managers project hereby aims to destigmatise the discussion around mental health at work and provide tools and resources to managers to support both their own and their team’s mental wellbeing.

textbook:
Lesson: Mindful Management

Introduction:
Managing stress in the workplace is an essential skill for managers to ensure the well-being of their employees. In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of mindfulness in managing stress and how it can benefit both the manager and the employee. We will also explore the different techniques for practicing mindfulness and how they can be applied in the workplace.

Section 1: Understanding Stress in the Workplace

Topic 1: Definition of Stress
- Stress is a natural response to a perceived threat or challenge.
- It can be caused by various factors such as workload, deadlines, relationships, and job security.
- Stress can have negative effects on mental and physical health if not managed properly.

Topic 2: Effects of Stress
- Stress can lead to anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues.
- It can also cause physical symptoms such as headaches, high blood pressure, and sleep disturbances.
- Long-term stress can lead to burnout, which is characterized by exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced productivity.

Section 2: Mindfulness and its Benefits

Topic 1: What is Mindfulness?
- Mindfulness is the practice of being present and fully engaged in the current moment.
- It involves paying attention to your thoughts, feelings, and surroundings without judgment.
- Mindfulness has been shown to reduce stress, improve focus, and increase overall well-being.

Topic 2: Benefits of Mindfulness
- Mindfulness can help managers better manage stress and improve their mental health.
- It can also improve decision-making, communication, and leadership skills.
- Mindfulness can also benefit employees by reducing stress and improving job satisfaction.

Section 3: Techniques for Practicing Mindfulness

Topic 1: Breathing Exercises
- Deep breathing is a simple yet effective technique for reducing stress and promoting relaxation.
- It involves taking slow, deep breaths in through the nose and out through the mouth.
- This exercise can be done anywhere and at any time to help calm the mind and body.

Topic 2: Meditation
- Meditation is a form of mindfulness that involves sitting in silence and focusing on the present moment.
- There are many different types of meditation, including guided meditation, mantra meditation, and mindful breathing.
- Meditation can be done individually or in groups and can be tailored to suit individual needs.

Topic 3: Yoga
- Yoga is a physical practice that combines breath control, movement, and meditation.
- It is an excellent way to reduce stress and improve overall well-being.
- Yoga can be done alone or in a group and can be tailored to suit individual needs.

Section 4: Applying Mindfulness in the Workplace

Topic 1: Creating a Mindful Work Environment
- Encourage employees to take breaks throughout the day to stretch, meditate, or take a walk.
- Provide a quiet space where employees can go to relax and recharge.
- Encourage open communication about mental health and stress management.

Topic 2: Managing Stress in the Workplace
- Recognize that stress is a normal part of life and that it can affect anyone.
- Encourage employees to prioritize their tasks and delegate when necessary.
- Provide resources and support for employees who are experiencing stress or mental health issues.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, mindfulness is an essential tool for managers looking to create a positive work environment. By practicing mindfulness and incorporating it into the workplace, managers can improve their mental health, reduce stress, and improve overall well-being. By applying the techniques learned in this lesson, managers can create a mindful work environment that benefits both themselves and their employees.

Glossary:
- Mindfulness: The practice of being present and fully engaged in the current moment.
- Stress: A natural response to a perceived threat or challenge that can have negative effects on mental and physical health if not managed properly.
- Burnout: A state of exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced productivity caused by long-term stress.


text:
Phase 0, including microdosing approaches: Applying the Three Rs and increasing the efficiency of human drug development.
Phase 0 approaches, including microdosing, involve the use of sub-therapeutic exposures to the tested drugs, thus enabling safer, more-relevant, quicker and cheaper first-in-human (FIH) testing. These approaches also have considerable potential to limit the use of animals in human drug development. Recent years have witnessed progress in applications, methodology, operations, and drug development culture. Advances in applications saw an expansion in therapeutic areas, developmental scenarios and scientific objectives, in, for example, protein drug development and paediatric drug development. In the operational area, the increased sensitivity of Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), expansion of the utility of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging, and the introduction of Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (CRDS), have led to the increased accessibility and utility of Phase 0 approaches, while reducing costs and exposure to radioactivity. PET has extended the application of microdosing, from its use as a predominant tool to record pharmacokinetics, to a method for recording target expression and target engagement, as well as cellular and tissue responses. Advances in methodology include adaptive Phase 0/Phase 1 designs, cassette and cocktail microdosing, and Intra-Target Microdosing (ITM), as well as novel modelling opportunities and simulations. Importantly, these methodologies increase the predictive power of extrapolation from microdose to therapeutic level exposures. However, possibly the most challenging domain in which progress has been made, is the culture of drug development. One of the main potential values of Phase 0 approaches is the opportunity to terminate development early, thus not only applying the principle of 'kill-early-kill-cheap' to enhance the efficiency of drug development, but also obviating the need for the full package of animal testing required for therapeutic level Phase 1 studies. Finally, we list developmental scenarios that utilised Phase 0 approaches in novel drug development.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Drug Development and Microdosing Approaches

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Drug development is a complex process that involves several stages before a new drug can be approved for use in humans. The process starts with drug discovery, where researchers identify potential drug candidates, followed by preclinical testing, where the drug's safety and efficacy are evaluated in vitro and in animal models. If the drug candidate passes preclinical testing, it moves on to clinical trials, which are conducted in three phases. Phase 0 is the first phase of clinical trials, and it involves testing the drug in humans at very low doses to evaluate its safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics.

Microdosing approaches are a type of Phase 0 clinical trial that involves administering the drug to healthy volunteers at sub-therapeutic doses. This approach allows researchers to gather valuable information about the drug's pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety profile without exposing participants to the potential risks associated with higher doses. Microdosing approaches have several advantages over traditional clinical trials, including reduced costs, faster timelines, and increased safety for participants.

### Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's consider a hypothetical drug candidate, AB123, that has been identified through drug discovery efforts. After passing preclinical testing, AB123 moves on to Phase 0 clinical trials. Researchers decide to use a microdosing approach to evaluate the drug's safety and pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers. They administer AB123 to a group of participants at a dose of 1 mg, which is significantly lower than the doses used in subsequent clinical trials.

Throughout the study, researchers closely monitor the participants' vital signs, blood samples, and any adverse events. They also use advanced imaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography (PET), to visualize the drug's distribution in the body and measure its pharmacokinetics. By the end of the study, researchers have gathered enough data to determine that AB123 is safe and well-tolerated at this dose, and they can proceed to the next phase of clinical trials with confidence.

### Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

Why is it important to use microdosing approaches in drug development?

Argument 1: Microdosing approaches allow researchers to gather valuable information about a drug's safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics at very low doses, which can help inform dose selection and reduce the risk of adverse events in subsequent clinical trials.

Argument 2: Microdosing approaches can save time and money by reducing the number of participants needed in clinical trials and speeding up the overall drug development process.

Conclusion: Microdosing approaches are important because they provide valuable information about a drug's safety and pharmacokinetics at low doses, which can inform dose selection and reduce the risk of adverse events. Additionally, microdosing approaches can save time and money by reducing the number of participants needed in clinical trials and speeding up the overall drug development process.

### Glossary

Phase 0: The first phase of clinical trials, which involves testing a drug in humans at very low doses to evaluate its safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics.

Microdosing: A type of Phase 0 clinical trial that involves administering the drug to healthy volunteers at sub-therapeutic doses.

Pharmacokinetics: The study of how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted by the body.

Pharmacodynamics: The study of how a drug interacts with its target, such as a receptor or enzyme, to produce a therapeutic effect.


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textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Regulating Oil Companies
Introduction:
The oil industry is one of the most important industries in the world, as it provides fuel for transportation, heating, and electricity generation. However, the industry has been criticized for its high profits and lack of regulation. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of regulating oil companies to ensure fair pricing and prevent price gouging.
Core Value:
The core value of this lesson is to teach students the importance of regulating industries that have a significant impact on society. This includes ensuring fair pricing, preventing price gouging, and protecting consumers from exploitation.
Section 1: Understanding the Oil Industry
Topic 1: The Importance of the Oil Industry
- The oil industry is one of the most important industries in the world, as it provides fuel for transportation, heating, and electricity generation.
- Without oil, our modern way of life would not be possible.
- The industry is also a major contributor to the global economy.
Topic 2: The Profitability of the Oil Industry
- The oil industry is known for its high profits.
- In 2005, Exxon Mobil reported a profit of $36 billion, which was the largest profit in U.S. corporate history.
- High profits have led to criticism that oil companies are engaging in price gouging.
Section 2: The Case for Regulation
Topic 1: Preventing Price Gouging
- Price gouging occurs when companies charge excessive prices for essential goods during times of shortage or crisis.
- During natural disasters or other emergencies, oil companies may increase prices to take advantage of the situation.
- Regulation can prevent price gouging and ensure that prices remain fair.
Topic 2: Protecting Consumers
- Oil companies have significant power over the market, which can lead to exploitation of consumers.
- Regulation can protect consumers from unfair practices, such as deceptive advertising or misleading information about product quality.
- Regulation can also ensure that products meet safety standards and are not harmful to consumers.
Section 3: Practical Examples
Topic 1: Real-World Scenarios
- In 2005, Hurricane Katrina caused a shortage of gasoline in the southern United States.
- Some gas stations raised their prices to take advantage of the situation, leading to accusations of price gouging.
- Regulation could have prevented this behavior and ensured that prices remained fair.
Topic 2: Mathematical Abstractions
- Economists use supply and demand curves to analyze market behavior.
- When demand for a product increases, the price typically increases as well.
- Regulation can prevent price increases that are excessive or unfair.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, regulating oil companies is important to ensure fair pricing and prevent price gouging. By understanding the importance of regulation, students can apply these skills to other industries and situations.


text: Virtual Career Fair | Thursday, August 11, 2022 | 10:00AM - 12:00PM and 1:00PM - 3:00PM ET. Are you a CFA Member looking to hire exceptional talent for your company? Purchase a booth at the CFA Virtual Career Fair!. This opportunity allows you to connect directly with students from Humber College, The University of Guelph-Humber and the public to recruit interns for your company.. Be the first to scout some of today's brilliant young minds by purchasing a booth at the CFA Virtual Career Fair!. As a booth operator, you’ll be given the chance to:. • Hire free and/or paid interns to help out at your business. • Talk face-to-face with emerging talent coming out of post-secondary schools, and learn more about their skillset and desired career paths. • Get a list of all the attendees to contact about future positions. If you’ve been searching for exceptional talent that brings with them a fresh perspective, and valuable insight, book your CFA Virtual Career Fair booth today!

textbook:
Lesson: Virtual Career Fair
Introduction:
A virtual career fair is an online event where job seekers can interact with potential employers. In this lesson, we will learn about the benefits of participating in a virtual career fair and how to prepare for one.
Section 1: What is a Virtual Career Fair?
- A virtual career fair is an online event where job seekers can interact with potential employers.
- It is an excellent way to find talented candidates for your company.
- You can interact with candidates from anywhere in the world.
- It is cost-effective and time-efficient compared to traditional job fairs.
Section 2: Benefits of Participating in a Virtual Career Fair
- You can reach a wider audience of candidates.
- You can save money on travel expenses.
- You can screen candidates before inviting them for an interview.
- You can use video conferencing to conduct interviews.
- You can get feedback from candidates on the spot.
Section 3: How to Prepare for a Virtual Career Fair
- Create a booth that showcases your company's culture and values.
- Prepare a script for your video presentation.
- Ensure that your technology is up-to-date and reliable.
- Train your staff on how to use the virtual platform.
- Develop a list of questions to ask candidates during the interview.
Section 4: Tips for Successful Participation in a Virtual Career Fair
- Dress professionally for your video presentation.
- Test the technology beforehand to avoid technical difficulties.
- Be punctual and reliable.
- Be friendly and approachable.
- Follow up with interested candidates after the event.
Conclusion:
Participating in a virtual career fair can be a great way to find talented candidates for your company. By following the tips provided in this lesson, you can prepare for a successful virtual career fair experience. Remember to dress professionally, test your technology, and be friendly and approachable during your video presentation. Good luck!
Glossary:
- Virtual Career Fair: An online event where job seekers can interact with potential employers.
- Booth: A virtual space where companies can showcase their brand and interact with job seekers.
- Job Seeker: A person who is actively seeking employment.
- Potential Employer: A company or organization that is considering hiring a job seeker.


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textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Photographic Paper

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Photographic paper is a type of paper that is designed specifically for printing photographs. It comes in various weights and textures, with the most common being 180 gsm and 210 gsm. The weight or thickness of the paper can affect the quality of the print, with heavier papers providing a more durable and high-quality image.

The term "photographic paper" refers to any paper that has been treated with a light-sensitive coating that allows it to capture an image when exposed to light. This process is called photography, which literally means "writing with light." Photographic paper is typically made from cellulose fibers, which are then coated with a gelatin emulsion containing silver halide crystals. When exposed to light, these crystals are converted into metallic silver, creating a latent image that can be developed into a visible photograph.

### Section 2: Practical Examples

To understand the practical applications of photographic paper, let's consider a few examples:

1. Artistic Printing: Photographic paper is often used by artists to create high-quality prints of their work. By selecting the appropriate paper weight and texture, they can achieve the desired level of contrast and color saturation to accurately represent their artwork.

2. Photo Albums: For those who enjoy documenting their memories through photography, photographic paper is ideal for creating photo albums that will last for years to come. The heavyweight paper provides durability and ensures that the images will remain vibrant and clear over time.

3. Visual Communication: In the world of advertising and marketing, photographic paper is often used to create visuals that communicate a message or promote a product. The high-quality prints allow for sharp and detailed images that grab the viewer's attention.

### Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

Now that we have explored the theoretical and practical aspects of photographic paper, let's engage in some self-debating discussions to further develop our understanding of this topic.

**Question 1: What factors should I consider when choosing photographic paper?**
Answer: When selecting photographic paper, there are several factors to consider, including the paper weight or thickness, the number of colors available, and the texture. Heavier papers generally provide higher-quality prints, while lighter papers may be more suitable for short-term use, such as in photo albums. The number of colors available on the paper can also affect the final image, with some papers offering a wider range of colors than others. Finally, the texture of the paper can impact the overall appearance of the print, with some papers providing a smoother finish while others have a more grainy texture.

**Question 2: How does the weight or thickness of photographic paper affect its quality?**
Answer: The weight or thickness of photographic paper can have a significant impact on the quality of the print. Heavier papers tend to be more durable and provide higher-quality images, while lighter papers may be more suitable for short-term use, such as in photo albums. The thickness of the paper can also affect the sharpness and clarity of the image, with thicker papers often producing sharper prints.

**Question 3: What are the benefits of using photographic paper for artistic printing?**
Answer: There are several benefits to using photographic paper for artistic printing, including the ability to achieve high-contrast and saturated colors, as well as a precise photographic rendering. These qualities make photographic paper an ideal choice for artists who want to accurately represent their work in print form. Additionally, the heavyweight and durable nature of photographic paper ensures that the final print will remain vibrant and clear for many years to come.

### Glossary
- Photographic paper: A type of paper that is treated with a light-sensitive coating, allowing it to capture an image when exposed to light.
- Silver halide crystals: The compound used in the gelatin emulsion that forms the latent image on photographic paper.
- Latent image: An invisible image formed on photographic paper during the exposure process that can be developed into a visible photograph.
- Cellulose fibers: The main component of plant cell walls, which is used to make paper.
- Gelatin emulsion: A mixture of gelatin and silver halide crystals that forms the light-sensitive coating on photographic paper.

### Conclusion
In conclusion, photographic paper is a versatile and essential tool for those who wish to create high-quality prints of their photographs. By understanding the theoretical concepts, practical examples, and engaging in self-debating discussions, we can develop a deeper appreciation for this medium and apply our skills to new problems.


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textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Radio Broadcasting

**Introduction**
In this lesson, we will learn about radio broadcasting and its history. We will also explore the role of radio personalities and their impact on the audience.

**Section 1: History of Radio Broadcasting**
Radio broadcasting has been around for over a century. It was first invented in 1895 by Guglielmo Marconi, an Italian inventor. The first radio transmission was sent out in 1901, and the first commercial radio station was launched in 1920. Since then, radio has become one of the most popular forms of mass media, providing news, entertainment, and music to people all over the world.

**Section 2: The Role of Radio Personalities**
Radio personalities are the people who host radio shows and programs. They are responsible for selecting the music, interviewing guests, and engaging with the audience. Radio personalities can have a significant impact on their audience, as they often become familiar voices that people listen to regularly.

**Section 3: The Impact of Radio Personalities**
Radio personalities can have a profound impact on their audience. They can provide comfort and companionship to those who are lonely or isolated, and they can also inspire and motivate people to pursue their dreams. Radio personalities can also raise awareness about important issues, such as mental health or environmental concerns.

**Conclusion**
In conclusion, radio broadcasting has a rich history and continues to be a popular form of mass media. Radio personalities play an important role in connecting with their audience and providing them with entertainment, information, and inspiration. By studying radio broadcasting, we can gain a deeper understanding of the power of mass media and its potential to shape our world.

**Glossary**
- Mass media: The means of communication that reach a large audience, such as radio, television, and newspapers.
- Broadcasting: The act of transmitting a signal (such as a radio wave) over a distance.
- Radio wave: A type of electromagnetic wave that is used to transmit signals through the air.
- Mass media: The means of communication that reach a large audience, such as radio, television, and newspapers.
- Radio personality: A person who hosts a radio show or program.
- Audience: The group of people who listen to a radio program.
- Broadcast: The act of transmitting a signal (such as a radio wave) over a distance.