text:
Thursday, August 30, 2012

Why pay more if we have the new Autumn-Winter 2012/2013 of Forever 21?

My day to day is based on going out to go shopping and see what's new (yes, it sounds to Bugs Bunny). Will my tour? Typical low-cost:Zara, H & M, Mango, Pull and Bear, etc. And if it's not out on the streets is from my own computer. But when I lived inUSA my routine changed a bit: just visiting the shops were totally different. And my first stop was always under any changes, Forever 21. A kind of Primark more good quality but at a great price and economical.

And today, to see their new lookbook I missed being there to see what I could take. Because I like his proposals, how they look and versatility that I can give to them. Does the luck? In Barcelona we have one (although I left too far). And if you're in your town where there is no trace of this company you can buy online: prices are in U.S. dollars depending on your order and shipping are free.

Now then, as the supply is such that we propose (thousands of dresses, skirts, pants, etc.) I'm posting in the looks of their new campaign and I'm making a list of what I want. They then lost the north and ended up buying more than I need ...

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Shopping and Fashion

## Section 1: What is Shopping and Fashion?

Shopping refers to the activity of buying goods or services. Fashion, on the other hand, refers to the style and popularity of clothing, accessories, makeup, and body piercings. It is an ever-changing trend that is influenced by culture, celebrities, and social media.

## Section 2: Why is Shopping and Fashion Important?

Shopping and fashion are important because they allow people to express their personality, style, and individuality. They also provide a sense of identity and belonging in society. Moreover, shopping and fashion can be a form of self-care, relaxation, and entertainment.

## Section 3: How to Shop Sustainably and Ethically?

To shop sustainably and ethically, consider the following tips:

1. Choose products made from sustainable materials, such as organic cotton or recycled polyester.
2. Support local and independent brands that prioritize fair labor practices and environmental sustainability.
3. Buy secondhand or vintage clothing to reduce waste and promote circular fashion.
4. Consider the quality and durability of the product before purchasing.
5. Ask questions about the manufacturing process and supply chain of the products you buy.

## Section 4: Shopping and Fashion Trends

Shopping and fashion trends are constantly changing. Some popular trends in 2021 include:

1. Sustainable fashion: More people are choosing eco-friendly and sustainable clothing options.
2. Y2K fashion: The early 2000s fashion trend is making a comeback with low-rise jeans, crop tops, and chunky sneakers.
3. Minimalism: Simple and timeless designs are becoming more popular, focusing on quality over quantity.
4. Vintage fashion: Thrift shopping and repurposing old clothes is gaining popularity.
5. Athleisure wear: Comfortable and stylish athletic wear is being worn both inside and outside the gym.

## Section 5: Conclusion

In conclusion, shopping and fashion are important aspects of our lives that allow us to express ourselves and connect with others. By shopping sustainably and ethically, we can contribute to a better environment and society. Stay informed about the latest trends and choose products that align with your values and preferences.


text: Canon T2i Overheat Test. Posted on 8/23/2010 2:35:00 PM. Perform a series of testing on how long it takes for T2i to get overheat. It is by no means any scientific tests.. We tested the Canon T2i overheat issue in different configuration measuring the time it takes from a cool down T2i to start recording in video (1080p30) till the overheat icon shows up. T2i was mounted on tripod. The surrounding temperature makes a difference in the outcome.. Room temperature around 65 to 68 degree. Room temperature around 78 to 82 degree. From the result, the battery grip and external monitor does help in reducing the time for T2i to reach it's overheat status. However, the difference is not significant..

source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson: How to Conduct an Experiment

### Introduction

An experiment is a process that aims to investigate a hypothesis or answer a question. In this lesson, we will learn how to conduct an experiment step by step.

### Step 1: Identify the Problem

The first step in conducting an experiment is to identify the problem you want to solve. This could be a question, a hypothesis, or an observation that needs further investigation.

### Step 2: Formulate a Hypothesis

A hypothesis is a tentative explanation for the problem you want to solve. It is a statement that can be tested through experimentation. For example, if you are investigating whether a certain medicine reduces fever, your hypothesis might be "The medicine reduces fever."

### Step 3: Design the Experiment

Once you have identified the problem and formulated a hypothesis, you need to design an experiment that will test your hypothesis. This involves choosing the variables you will manipulate, controlling other variables, and selecting a sample.

### Step 4: Collect Data

After designing the experiment, you need to collect data by carrying it out. This involves manipulating the independent variable, measuring the dependent variable, and recording your observations.

### Step 5: Analyze the Data

Once you have collected the data, you need to analyze it to determine whether your hypothesis is supported or not. This involves using statistical methods to summarize and interpret the data.

### Step 6: Draw Conclusions

After analyzing the data, you can draw conclusions based on the results. If your hypothesis is supported, you can say that your experiment provides evidence for your explanation. If your hypothesis is not supported, you can say that your experiment provides evidence against your explanation.

### Step 7: Communicate Your Results

Finally, you need to communicate your results to others. This involves writing a report or giving a presentation that explains what you did, what you found, and what it means.

### Conclusion

Conducting an experiment is a systematic process that involves identifying a problem, formulating a hypothesis, designing an experiment, collecting data, analyzing the data, drawing conclusions, and communicating your results. By following these steps, you can answer questions, test hypotheses, and contribute to our understanding of the world.


text: If.. In “Losing Weight Nature’s Way”, you will learn:. - How to know if you are truly obese. - How weight loss works physically inside your body. - How much energy you really need to get through your day. - The difference between gaining weight and gaining muscle. - The relationship between weight gain and refined foods. - The benefits of regular exercise combined with sensible eating to lose pounds. - Which kinds of exercise are best for losing weight. - How to figure out the net calories that you burn very day. - The importance that water plays in weight loss. - The importance of eating more fruit and vegetables to lose weight. - A comprehensive list of foods that are good for you to eat and that are enjoyable. - Plus much, much more!. Losing Weight Nature’s Way is not just about losing weight. It is about a change of lifestyle and feeling better.. Think of this book is a one stop shop and super self help tool that can help you achieve permanent weight loss.

textbook:
Lesson 1: Understanding Obesity and Weight Loss

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about obesity and weight loss. We will cover the following topics:

1. What is obesity?
2. How does weight loss work physically inside our body?
3. How much energy do we need to get through our day?
4. The difference between gaining weight and gaining muscle.
5. The relationship between weight gain and refined foods.
6. The benefits of regular exercise combined with sensible eating to lose pounds.
7. Which kinds of exercise are best for losing weight.
8. How to figure out the net calories that we burn every day.
9. The importance of water in weight loss.
10. The importance of eating more fruit and vegetables to lose weight.
11. A comprehensive list of foods that are good for us to eat and that are enjoyable.
12. Plus much, much more!

What is obesity?:
Obesity is a medical condition where a person has an excess amount of body fat. This excess body fat can lead to health problems such as diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure. Obesity is usually measured by Body Mass Index (BMI), which takes into account a person's height and weight.

How does weight loss work physically inside our body?:
Weight loss works by burning more calories than we consume. When we eat, our body breaks down the food into energy, which is stored in our body as fat. When we don't eat enough or burn off the energy we consume, our body starts to use up the stored fat for energy. This process is called lipolysis.

How much energy do we need to get through our day?:
The amount of energy we need to get through our day depends on several factors such as age, gender, weight, and activity level. On average, men need around 2500 calories per day while women need around 2000 calories per day.

The difference between gaining weight and gaining muscle.:
Gaining weight and gaining muscle are two different things. Gaining weight usually refers to an increase in body fat, while gaining muscle refers to an increase in lean muscle mass. The key to gaining muscle is to lift weights and eat a diet that supports muscle growth.

The relationship between weight gain and refined foods.:
Refined foods such as white bread, pasta, and sugar are often high in calories and low in nutrients. Consuming too many refined foods can lead to weight gain over time. Instead, we should focus on eating whole, unprocessed foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.

The benefits of regular exercise combined with sensible eating to lose pounds.:
Regular exercise and sensible eating are essential for losing weight. Exercise helps us burn calories and build muscle, while eating a healthy diet helps us maintain a calorie deficit. Combining both can help us achieve our weight loss goals.

Which kinds of exercise are best for losing weight?:
Aerobic exercises such as running, cycling, and swimming are great for burning calories and losing weight. Strength training exercises such as weight lifting and bodyweight exercises also help us build muscle and burn calories.

How to figure out the net calories that we burn every day.:
To figure out the net calories that we burn every day, we can use a calorie calculator or tracker. These tools take into account our age, weight, height, activity level, and diet to estimate how many calories we burn.

The importance of water in weight loss.:
Water is essential for our body to function properly. Drinking water can help us feel full and reduce our appetite, which can help us eat less and lose weight.

The importance of eating more fruit and vegetables to lose weight.:
Fruit and vegetables are low in calories but high in nutrients. Eating more fruit and vegetables can help us feel full and reduce our appetite for higher calorie foods.

A comprehensive list of foods that are good for us to eat and that are enjoyable.:
There are many foods that are good for us to eat and enjoyable. Some examples include:
- Leafy green vegetables such as spinach, kale, and broccoli.
- Berries such as strawberries, blueberries, and raspberries.
- Nuts such as almonds, walnuts, and cashews.
- Whole grains such as brown rice, quinoa, and oats.
- Lean proteins such as chicken, fish, and tofu.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, understanding obesity and weight loss is essential for leading a healthy life. By learning about the causes of obesity and the principles of weight loss, we can make informed decisions about our diet and exercise routine. Remember, losing weight is not just about losing weight; it's about changing our lifestyle and feeling better.

Glossary:
- BMI: Body Mass Index
- Calorie: A unit of energy used to measure the energy content of food.
- Net Calories: The number of calories we burn after taking into account the calories we consume.
- Refined Foods: Foods that have been processed and stripped of their natural nutrients.
- Aerobic Exercise: Exercise that uses oxygen to burn calories.
- Strength Training: Exercise that involves lifting weights or using bodyweight to build muscle.
- Calorie Calculator: A tool used to estimate the number of calories we burn based on our age, weight, height, activity level, and diet.
- Hydration: The process of drinking enough water to maintain our body's balance of fluids.


text: Low Flat Rate. New product. Nara, 2009 issue of silver proof colorized 1000 yen coin by Japan Mint, from Japan 47 prefectures series. Nara is close to Osaka city. Nara was the ancient capital of Japan, even older than Kyoto. In addition to Kyoto, there are many famous temples and shrines in Nara. Obverse design: Daigokuden Seiden, Cherry Blossoms and Kemari.. Same Day Shipping Quick Delivery in 24/48 hours. Secure Payment Highest security SSL encryption. Money Back Guarantee Get what you ordered or refund!.. Capital City: Nara. Population in 2007 (thousands): 1,410. Area in 2007 (square km): 2,691. To mark the 60th Anniversary of Enforcement of the Local Autonomy Law, the Japan Mint launched "Japan 47 Prefectures Coin Program" in 2008. In this program, will be issued silver colorized coins of 47 prefectures in Japan for several years (an 8-year series). Obverse is each prefecture's own design.. Common reverse design of 1000 yen silver coin: Snow Crystals, Moon and Cherry Blossoms.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Numismatics - Collecting Coins

### Section 1: Introduction

Numismatics is the study of coins and their history. In this lesson, we will learn about collecting coins as a hobby. We will explore different types of coins, their designs, and the stories behind them.

### Section 2: Types of Coins

There are many types of coins that collectors can choose to collect. Some common types include:

1. Circulation coins: These are coins that are used in everyday transactions. They are usually made of base metals like copper, nickel, or steel.

2. Commemorative coins: These are coins that are minted to celebrate a special event or anniversary. They often have unique designs and are made of precious metals like gold or silver.

3. Proof coins: These are coins that are struck multiple times to create a mirror-like finish. They are usually made of precious metals and are intended for collectors.

4. Uncirculated coins: These are coins that are not intended for circulation and are sold directly to collectors. They are usually made of precious metals and have a brilliant finish.

### Section 3: Designs and Stories

Coins often have interesting designs and stories behind them. For example, the 2009 issue of the 1000 yen coin from Japan has a design that celebrates the ancient capital city of Nara. The obverse design features Daigokuden Seiden, which is a building at Todai-ji temple in Nara. The reverse design features cherry blossoms and kemari, which is a traditional Japanese game.

Another example is the common reverse design of the 1000 yen silver coin, which features snow crystals, the moon, and cherry blossoms. This design is used on many different coins and represents the beauty of nature in Japan.

### Section 4: Collecting Coins

Collecting coins can be a fun and rewarding hobby. Some tips for starting a coin collection include:

1. Choose a theme or topic that interests you, such as a specific country or type of coin.

2. Research the coins you want to collect and learn about their history and designs.

3. Start with coins that are affordable and within your budget.

4. Store your coins safely in a coin album or holder to protect them from damage.

5. Join a coin club or online community to connect with other collectors and learn more about the hobby.

### Glossary

- Numismatics: The study of coins and their history.
- Circulation coins: Coins used in everyday transactions.
- Commemorative coins: Coins minted to celebrate a special event or anniversary.
- Proof coins: Coins struck multiple times to create a mirror-like finish.
- Uncirculated coins: Coins not intended for circulation, sold directly to collectors.
- Theme: A topic or subject that a coin collection focuses on.
- Album: A book or folder used to store and display coins.
- Holder: A protective case used to store individual coins.

### Conclusion

Collecting coins can be a fun and educational hobby. By learning about the history and designs of coins, collectors can gain a deeper appreciation for the art and culture of different countries. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced collector, there is always something new to discover in the world of numismatics.


text: LonewandererD. 06-11-2012, 08:51 AM. Okay, so maybe its time to get back into mapping. My idea is simple, a world where the sun has grow so large that all life has essentially been obliteratered, once verdant forests have turned to ash, oceans have dried up and in places during the day the land literally burns. This is going to be a map made up of several images, right now I'm working on a zoomed out view of the world and a zoomed in section. I'm hoping to have a little subtle story going in and between the images but we'll see where they go. Below is the first bit of the zoomed in map, more to come soon.. -D-. -WIP-. -D-. -WIP-

textbook:
Lesson Title: The Importance of Critical Thinking in Problem Solving

Introduction:
Critical thinking is an essential skill that helps us make informed decisions and solve problems effectively. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of critical thinking in problem solving and learn how to apply it in various scenarios.

Section 1: What is Critical Thinking?
Critical thinking is the process of analyzing information and arguments to reach a logical conclusion. It involves questioning assumptions, evaluating evidence, and considering alternative points of view.

Section 2: Why is Critical Thinking Important in Problem Solving?
Critical thinking is crucial in problem-solving because it helps us identify the root cause of a problem, evaluate potential solutions, and make informed decisions. By thinking critically, we can avoid jumping to conclusions, and instead, we can carefully consider all available information before making a decision.

Section 3: How to Apply Critical Thinking in Various Scenarios
1. Identifying the root cause of a problem: When faced with a problem, we need to ask questions to understand its underlying causes. For example, if a machine is not working, we need to ask what might be causing the issue, rather than just trying to fix it without understanding the root cause.

2. Evaluating potential solutions: Once we have identified the root cause of a problem, we need to evaluate potential solutions based on their effectiveness and feasibility. We should consider the pros and cons of each solution and choose the one that best addresses the problem.

3. Making informed decisions: Critical thinking helps us make informed decisions by considering all available information and weighing the pros and cons of each option. For example, when choosing between two job offers, we should consider factors such as salary, location, work culture, and career growth opportunities.

Section 4: Self-Debating Discussions
Self-debating discussions are an excellent way to improve our critical thinking skills. We can ask ourselves questions such as:

- What are the potential benefits and drawbacks of this decision?
- How does this decision align with my long-term goals?
- What alternatives should I consider?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, critical thinking is an essential skill that helps us make informed decisions and solve problems effectively. By applying critical thinking in various scenarios, we can identify the root cause of a problem, evaluate potential solutions, and make informed decisions. Remember to ask questions, evaluate evidence, and consider alternative points of view to improve your critical thinking skills.

Glossary:
- Critical thinking: The process of analyzing information and arguments to reach a logical conclusion.
- Root cause: The underlying cause of a problem.
- Pros and cons: The advantages and disadvantages of a particular solution or decision.
- Feasibility: The ability of a solution to be successfully implemented.
- Informed decision: A decision made after considering all available information and weighing the pros and cons of each option.

[Note: This lesson is intended for primary through high school students]


text: Chest Freezer Bracket Bolt. Part Compatibility Checker. Your appliance Prod. No is on the rating plate and is usually 9 or 11 numbers long.. Enter your Product Number below to confirm whether this part fits your appliance.. If you're experiencing issues with the evaporator in your chest freezer, the issue could be the bolt which attaches to the bracket of your evaporator. This is a replacement bracket bolt for the evaporator in your chest freezer, which could help solve your problem.. Dimensions: 5 x 30mm.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Identify and Fix Common Chest Freezer Issues

## Section 1: Introduction to Chest Freezers
A chest freezer is a type of freezer that is designed to store large quantities of food. It is typically larger than a refrigerator and has a capacity of around 20 cubic feet. Chest freezers are often used in households, restaurants, and other commercial settings to store frozen food items.

## Section 2: Identifying Common Issues with Chest Freezers
There are several common issues that can occur with chest freezers, including:

1. Evaporator Problems: The evaporator is the component of the freezer that cools the air inside. If the evaporator fails, the freezer will not cool properly, causing the food to thaw and spoil.

2. Door Seal Issues: The door seal is responsible for keeping the cold air inside the freezer and preventing warm air from entering. If the door seal is damaged, it can cause the freezer to malfunction and the food to spoil.

3. Defrost Problems: Chest freezers need to be defrosted periodically to remove ice buildup. If the defrost system fails, the freezer can become overloaded with ice, causing the food to spoil.

4. Power Issues: If the freezer is not receiving enough power, it will not be able to function properly, causing the food to spoil.

## Section 3: Fixing Common Issues with Chest Freezers
If you are experiencing issues with your chest freezer, there are several steps you can take to try to fix the problem:

1. Evaporator Problems: If the evaporator is the issue, you may be able to fix it by replacing the bolt that attaches the bracket to the evaporator. You can purchase a replacement bracket bolt at most hardware stores.

2. Door Seal Issues: If the door seal is the problem, you may be able to fix it by cleaning the seal with a mild detergent and water solution. If the seal is damaged beyond repair, you may need to replace it.

3. Defrost Problems: If the defrost system is the issue, you may be able to fix it by cleaning the defrost heater with a soft brush. If the heater is damaged, you may need to replace it.

4. Power Issues: If the freezer is not receiving enough power, you may need to check the electrical outlet and make sure that the freezer is plugged in correctly. If the outlet is not working, you may need to have it repaired or replaced.

## Section 4: Conclusion
In conclusion, identifying and fixing common issues with chest freezers can help ensure that your food stays fresh and safe to eat. By following the steps outlined in this lesson, you can troubleshoot and repair issues with your chest freezer, saving you time and money in the process.


text: City striker Craig Bellamy could be on his way to Spurs in a £6m deal, according to the Daily Mail.. The Welsh striker, who joined the blues from West Ham in January 2009, has been a major player in City’s push for a Champions League place but has been rumoured to have had a series of bust-ups with the City hierarchy.. Bellamy’s future has been in doubt since one bust-up allegedly ended with Mancini banning the striker from the club for three months and the striker himself will have done himself no favours after he enthusiastically congratulated Spurs manager Harry Redknapp after the Londoners qualified for the Champions League qualifiers with a win at Eastlands.. City manager Roberto Mancini may be more than ready to part with Bellamy, Micah Richards, Stephen Ireland and Shaun Wright-Phillips as he seeks to build a team capable of mounting a serious challenge on the top four and Europe next season.. What do you think? Is Bellamy a liability or should Mancini hold onto

textbook:
Lesson: The Value of Patience in Sports

Introduction:
In sports, patience is a valuable skill that can help athletes achieve their goals. This lesson will explore the importance of patience in sports and provide examples of how it can lead to success.

Section 1: The Importance of Patience in Sports

Patience is an essential quality for athletes to possess. It helps them stay focused and calm during stressful situations, such as when they are waiting for a game-winning shot or trying to make a comeback after being behind. Patience also allows athletes to make better decisions under pressure, as they are not rushing or panicking.

Section 2: Examples of Patience in Sports

One example of patience in sports is when a team is trailing in a game but remains calm and focused on their strategy. They may choose to take fewer risks and play more conservatively to protect their lead. Another example is when an individual athlete is injured and must wait patiently for their recovery process to heal before returning to competition.

Section 3: The Benefits of Patience in Sports

The benefits of patience in sports are numerous. Firstly, it can help athletes maintain their composure and focus during high-pressure situations. Secondly, it can lead to better decision-making, as athletes are not rushed or panicked. Finally, patience can help athletes avoid injuries by taking the time to properly recover and rehabilitate.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, patience is a valuable skill for athletes to possess. It can help them stay focused and calm during stressful situations, make better decisions under pressure, and avoid injuries. By practicing patience, athletes can improve their overall performance and achieve their goals.


text: Polymorphic Members of thelagGene Family Mediate Kin Discrimination inDictyostelium. - Authors. - Journal. - Current Biology0960-9822. - Publisher. - Elsevier. - Publication Date. -. - Volume. - 19. - Issue. - 7. - Identifiers. - DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2009.02.037. - Keywords. - Disciplines. Abstract. Summary Self and kin discrimination are observed in most kingdoms of life and are mediated by highly polymorphic plasma membrane proteins [1–7]. Sequence polymorphism, which is essential for effective recognition, is maintained by balancing selection [8–10]. [11–13]. Dictyostelids can minimize the cost of chimerism by preferential cooperation with kin [14–16], but the mechanisms of kin discrimination are largely unknown. Dictyostelium lag genes encode transmembrane proteins with multiple immunoglobulin (Ig) repeats that participate in cell adhesion and signaling [17–22]... There are no comments yet on this publication. Be the first to share your thoughts.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Polymorphism in Proteins

Introduction:
Proteins are essential macromolecules that perform various functions in living organisms. They are made up of amino acids and can fold into different shapes, known as conformations. Polymorphism refers to the presence of two or more forms of a protein in a single organism. This lesson will explore the concept of polymorphism in proteins and its role in cellular processes.

Section 1: What is Polymorphism in Proteins?

**Question:** What is polymorphism in proteins?

**Answer:** Polymorphism in proteins refers to the presence of two or more forms of a protein in a single organism. These forms can differ in their structure, function, or location within the cell.

**Question:** Why does polymorphism occur in proteins?

**Answer:** Polymorphism occurs in proteins to allow for greater versatility and adaptability in cellular processes. Different forms of a protein can have different functions, and the presence of multiple forms allows the cell to respond to various stimuli more effectively.

**Question:** How does polymorphism occur in proteins?

**Answer:** Polymorphism in proteins occurs through a process called alternative splicing. During protein synthesis, the DNA sequence is transcribed into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. The mRNA then undergoes alternative splicing, where different combinations of exons (sections of the DNA sequence) are included or excluded to produce different versions of the protein.

Section 2: The Role of Polymorphism in Cellular Processes

**Question:** What is the role of polymorphism in cellular processes?

**Answer:** Polymorphism plays a crucial role in cellular processes by allowing cells to respond to various stimuli with different proteins. For example, cells can produce multiple forms of a signaling protein that can interact with different receptors on the cell surface, allowing for a range of responses to different signals.

**Question:** How does polymorphism contribute to cellular regulation?

**Answer:** Polymorphism contributes to cellular regulation by providing cells with multiple ways to control the activity of a protein. For example, cells can regulate the expression of different protein forms, allowing them to control the amount of each form present in the cell.

Section 3: Examples of Polymorphism in Proteins

**Question:** Can you provide an example of polymorphism in proteins?

**Answer:** One example of polymorphism in proteins is the hemoglobin molecule, which is responsible for transporting oxygen in red blood cells. Hemoglobin exists in several different forms, including hemoglobin A, hemoglobin S, and hemoglobin C, each with slightly different structures and functions. These different forms allow the body to respond to varying levels of oxygen in the environment.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, polymorphism in proteins is an essential feature of living organisms that allows cells to adapt to changing conditions and perform a wide range of functions. By understanding the concept of polymorphism in proteins, we can gain insight into the complex processes that govern cellular behavior.


text:
Neozoic

Neozoic is a Red 5 Comics comic book title. It is written by Paul Ens, who worked on Star Wars: Evasive Action. The art is done by J. Korim and Jessie Lam. The setting is in a different universe where dinosaurs did not become extinct and the humans are no longer the dominant species. The protagonist is a female character named Lilli Murko, she is an excellent hand-to-hand combatant and uses a sword and a dagger.
The series has eight issues and they have all been gathered into one 216 page trade paper back as of May 2009. However an eight-page comic ("feeding time") was put out on May first 2010 for Red 5's free comic book day comic.

In April 2013 part one of a four-part limited series, Neozoic: Trader's Gambit, was published.

Reception
IGN states "The artwork is fantastic and the world Ens creates is emphatic and fun."

References

External links
 Official webpage

Category:American comics titles

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Neozoic

Introduction

Neozoic is a comic book series created by Paul Ens and illustrated by J. Korim and Jessie Lam. The story is set in a different universe where dinosaurs did not become extinct and humans are no longer the dominant species. In this world, humans live alongside dinosaurs, and the protagonist, Lilli Murko, is an excellent hand-to-hand combatant who uses a sword and a dagger.

Objectives

The objective of this lesson is to introduce students to the concept of alternate universes in fiction and to explore the characters and settings of the Neozoic series.

Section 1: Introduction to Alternate Universes in Fiction

Topic 1: What is an alternate universe?
An alternate universe is a fictional world that exists separately from our own reality. In this universe, events and circumstances may differ from those in our world.

Topic 2: Why do writers create alternate universes?
Writers create alternate universes to explore different possibilities and to challenge the reader's imagination. They can use these universes to tell stories that cannot happen in our world or to explore different themes and ideas.

Section 2: Exploring the Neozoic Series

Topic 1: Who are the main characters in Neozoic?
The main character in Neozoic is Lilli Murko, who is an excellent hand-to-hand combatant and uses a sword and a dagger. Other characters include the villains and allies that Lilli encounters in her adventures.

Topic 2: What is the setting of Neozoic?
The setting of Neozoic is a world where dinosaurs did not become extinct and humans are no longer the dominant species. This world is filled with unique creatures and environments that are different from our own.

Section 3: Practical Examples and Real-World Scenarios

Topic 1: How can we apply the concept of alternate universes to real-world scenarios?
We can apply the concept of alternate universes to real-world scenarios by considering how different decisions or actions could have led to different outcomes. For example, if we had made a different choice in our lives, what would our current situation be like?

Topic 2: How can we use the characters and settings of Neozoic to learn about human nature and society?
By exploring the relationships and conflicts between the characters in Neozoic, we can learn about human nature and society. We can also analyze how the setting of the story affects the behavior and motivations of the characters.

Glossary

Alternate universe - A fictional world that exists separately from our own reality, with different events and circumstances.

Conclusion

In this lesson, we introduced students to the concept of alternate universes in fiction and explored the characters and settings of the Neozoic series. We also applied these concepts to real-world scenarios and analyzed how they can teach us about human nature and society. By the end of this lesson, students will have a better understanding of alternate universes and how they can be used in storytelling.


text: Mark Ramprakash. this wiki. Mark Ravin Ramprakash, MBE (born 5 September 1969) is a former English cricketer. A right-handed batsman, he initially made his name playing for Middlesex, and was selected for England aged 21. Despite being among the most gifted and heavily scoring English batsman of his generation at county level, he rarely performed well during a long but intermittent international career. He became a particularly prolific run scorer when he moved to Surrey in 2001, averaging over 100 runs per innings in two successive seasons (2006 & 2007). He is one of only 25 players in the history of the sport to have scored 100 first-class centuries. In November 2012, he was announced as the batting coach for Lions in India. In January 2013 he was appointed as batting coach for Middlesex, on a two-year contract.. External links. - Match profile: Mark Ramprakash from ESPNcricinfo. - Player profile: Mark Ramprakash from CricketArchive. - Mark Ramprakash from Surrey County Cricket Club

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Cricket

## Section 1: Overview of Cricket

Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players each. It is played on a rectangular field called a pitch, with a target called a wicket at each end. The object of the game is to score more runs than the opposing team by hitting the ball and running between wickets.

## Section 2: Understanding the Game

The game starts with a coin toss to determine which team will bat first. The team that bats first tries to score as many runs as possible before the other team gets a chance to bat. Each team takes turns fielding and batting.

The batting team tries to score runs by hitting the ball and running between wickets. The fielding team tries to get the batsman out by catching the ball before it hits the ground or by getting the batsman to miss the ball when it is bowled.

## Section 3: Scoring Runs

A run is scored when a player hits the ball and runs to the other wicket while the fielding team is trying to get them out. The team that bats first tries to score as many runs as possible before the other team gets a chance to bat.

## Section 4: Glossary

- Wicket: A set of three stumps topped by a bail.
- Bat: A wooden or metal stick used to hit the ball.
- Ball: A hard, leather-covered ball used in the game.
- Stump: A wooden pole used as a wicket.
- Bail: A small piece of wood or plastic attached to the top of the stump.
- Over: A set of six deliveries bowled by one player from one end of the pitch.
- Delivery: A single ball bowled by a player.
- Run: A score made by a player running between wickets.
- Out: A situation where a player is no longer able to score runs.

## Conclusion

In this lesson, we learned about the basics of cricket, including how to score runs, how the game is played, and some key terms used in the game. By understanding these concepts, we can better appreciate and enjoy the sport of cricket.


text: Filter results. Further Education and Training. Expanding knowledge and skills: With more than 2,000 events offered by public and private organisers each year, the German Music Information Centre's course portal is a convenient research tool for anyone looking to further their education.. The numerous opportunities for further training and education for all age groups include music courses, trainings, seminars, workshops and much more.. Navigating with the interactive map facilitates the geographical overview. If the map is hidden, the list view appears in a wider column.. Register courses and conferences. Not yet registered?. Create your organiser profile.. Create your organiser profile.

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Continuous Learning

Introduction:
Continuous learning is an essential part of personal and professional growth. It helps us stay up-to-date with the latest developments in our field and adapt to new challenges. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of continuous learning and how it can benefit us.

Core Value:
The core value of continuous learning is that it helps us expand our knowledge and skills, which in turn, makes us more valuable to our employers and society.

Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

Topic 1: Definition of Continuous Learning
Continuous learning refers to the ongoing process of acquiring new knowledge and skills throughout one's life. It involves taking courses, attending workshops, reading books, and participating in other educational activities.

Topic 2: Benefits of Continuous Learning
Continuous learning has several benefits, including:
- Improved job prospects and career advancement
- Enhanced problem-solving skills
- Increased creativity and innovation
- Better decision-making abilities
- Greater adaptability to change

Section 2: Practical Examples

Topic 1: Real-World Scenarios
Continuous learning is essential in today's fast-changing world. For example, a software developer who stops learning new programming languages will soon become obsolete in the market. Similarly, a salesperson who does not keep up with the latest sales techniques will struggle to compete with others in the industry.

Topic 2: Mathematical Abstractions
Continuous learning can also be applied to mathematical abstractions. For instance, a mathematician who stops learning new theories will find it challenging to solve complex problems in the future.

Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

Topic 1: Critical Thinking
Continuous learning requires critical thinking, which is the ability to analyze information and ideas objectively. It involves questioning assumptions, evaluating evidence, and making informed decisions.

Topic 2: Lifelong Learning
Lifelong learning is the habit of continuously learning throughout one's life. It involves taking responsibility for one's education and seeking out opportunities to learn new things.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, continuous learning is essential for personal and professional growth. It helps us stay relevant in our fields, adapt to new challenges, and make informed decisions. By embracing lifelong learning, we can achieve our full potential and contribute positively to society.

Glossary:
- Continuous learning: The ongoing process of acquiring new knowledge and skills throughout one's life.
- Lifelong learning: The habit of continuously learning throughout one's life.
- Critical thinking: The ability to analyze information and ideas objectively by questioning assumptions, evaluating evidence, and making informed decisions.


text: legalize marijuana.. More than 30 states already have medical marijuana use..". Recent efforts to create legal marijuana sales markets in several states, including New Jersey and New York, have stalled this year though legislators continue to pursue the measures. In Vermont, where marijuana legalization does not include commercial sales, the legislature has failed this year to enact legislation that would create a commercial market, but plans to try again..

textbook:
Lesson: The Legalization of Marijuana

### Introduction

Marijuana, also known as cannabis, is a plant that has been used for medicinal and recreational purposes for centuries. In recent years, there has been a growing movement to legalize marijuana for both medicinal and recreational use in the United States. This lesson will explore the history of marijuana use, the current state of legalization, and the potential benefits and drawbacks of legalizing marijuana.

### Section 1: History of Marijuana Use

Marijuana has been used for medicinal and recreational purposes for thousands of years. It was first cultivated in China, where it was used for food, fiber, and medicine. The plant later spread to other parts of the world, including the Middle East and Europe, where it was used for a variety of purposes, including pain relief, inflammation, and anxiety.

In the early 20th century, marijuana became popular in the United States, particularly among jazz musicians and artists. However, in the 1930s, the US government began a campaign against marijuana use, which led to its prohibition in 1937. This prohibition continued until the 1960s, when a new wave of drug use swept the country.

### Section 2: Current State of Legalization

As of 2021, marijuana is legal for medicinal or recreational use in 36 states and the District of Columbia. However, marijuana remains illegal at the federal level, which means that it is still a controlled substance. This has led to some confusion and uncertainty about the legality of marijuana use and possession.

More than 30 states already have medical marijuana use laws on the books, while 15 states and D.C. have legalized recreational marijuana use. However, recent efforts to create legal marijuana sales markets in several states, including New Jersey and New York, have stalled this year though legislators continue to pursue the measures. In Vermont, where marijuana legalization does not include commercial sales, the legislature has failed this year to enact legislation that would create a commercial market, but plans to try again.

### Section 3: Benefits and Drawbacks of Legalizing Marijuana

There are several potential benefits to legalizing marijuana, including:

1. Tax revenue: Legalizing marijuana could generate significant tax revenue for states, which could be used to fund education, healthcare, and other public services.
2. Reduced crime: Legalizing marijuana could reduce the criminal activity associated with the illicit drug trade, including violence and theft.
3. Improved public health: Legalizing marijuana could allow for better regulation and control of the drug, leading to safer products and reduced health risks.

However, there are also potential drawbacks to legalizing marijuana, including:

1. Addiction: Marijuana can be addictive, and legalization could lead to increased use and addiction rates.
2. Health risks: Marijuana use has been linked to a variety of health risks, including lung damage, memory loss, and mental health issues.
3. Social costs: Legalizing marijuana could lead to increased use and social costs, such as increased law enforcement and healthcare costs.

### Conclusion

The legalization of marijuana is a complex issue that has significant implications for public health, safety, and policy. While there are potential benefits to legalizing marijuana, there are also potential drawbacks that must be carefully considered. Ultimately, the decision to legalize marijuana must be based on a careful weighing of these factors and a commitment to evidence-based policy making.


text: So what are people reading right now or read recently? Might me a fun thread to talk about what everyone is reading. People do read around here right? ;). Anyway I am so far behind on my fun reading due to taking a literature course during the fall. Hoping to do some reading for fun here soon. The reading I did for my class was pretty cool. I will come back to this thread later this morning and list what we read. It was for a dystopian literature class.. Currently I am hoping to catch up on the Anita Blake Vampire Hunter series and some YA stuff I like to read that I have gotten behind on. After that I am going to catch back up on R.A. Salvatore and his books involving Drizzt who is one of my favorite characters.

textbook:
Lesson: Reading for Fun
Introduction: Reading is an essential skill that helps us learn, grow, and entertain ourselves. In this lesson, we will explore the benefits of reading for fun, different types of books, and tips for choosing the right book for you.
Section 1: Benefits of Reading for Fun
- Reading can improve your vocabulary, comprehension, and critical thinking skills.
- Reading can help you relax and reduce stress.
- Reading can increase your knowledge and understanding of the world around you.
- Reading can inspire creativity and imagination.
- Reading can improve your writing skills.
Section 2: Types of Books
- Fiction: A made-up story that can be a novel, short story, or play.
- Non-fiction: A true story or factual information about a person, place, or thing.
- Biography: A true story of someone's life.
- Autobiography: A true story of someone's own life.
- Poetry: A collection of written words that express emotions or ideas.
- Graphic novels: A combination of text and illustrations that tell a story.
Section 3: Tips for Choosing the Right Book for You
- Consider your interests and hobbies.
- Read the first few pages to see if the book grabs your attention.
- Check the reading level and make sure it's appropriate for your skill level.
- Read reviews or ask a librarian for recommendations.
- Try a new genre or author to broaden your reading experience.
Conclusion: Reading for fun is a great way to expand your knowledge, improve your skills, and entertain yourself. By exploring different types of books and choosing the right one for you, you can find joy and satisfaction in reading. Remember to always approach each book with an open mind and a willingness to learn.
Glossary:
- Fiction: A made-up story.
- Non-fiction: A true story or factual information.
- Biography: A true story of someone's life.
- Autobiography: A true story of someone's own life.
- Poetry: A collection of written words that express emotions or ideas.
- Graphic novels: A combination of text and illustrations that tell a story.


text: Project Description. As an innovator in the mechanical industry, PMG is now offering Prefabricated Mechanical Pipe Rack Systems to clients looking to expedite the construction process. This system allows for the main trunk line of the MEP system to be prefabricated offsite in 10′ sections to minimize site work and works extremely well in certain applications.. - HVAC Duct & Piping. - Plumbing. - Electrical Conduit. - Med Gas. - Communications. Once fabricated, the sections are hoisted into position above the ceiling – with connectors strategically placed to reduce installation time.

textbook:
Lesson: Prefabricated Mechanical Pipe Rack Systems

## Section 1: Introduction

In this lesson, we will learn about Prefabricated Mechanical Pipe Rack Systems, also known as MEP systems. These systems are used in construction projects to expedite the construction process. We will cover the main components of MEP systems, their benefits, and how they are installed.

## Section 2: Main Components of MEP Systems

MEP systems consist of four main components: HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) ducts and piping, plumbing, electrical conduits, and medical gas lines. These components work together to provide a comfortable environment for people living or working in a building.

### HVAC Duct & Piping

HVAC ducts and piping are used to distribute heating and cooling air throughout a building. They are typically made of metal or flexible materials like duct tape.

### Plumbing

Plumbing systems are used to transport water and waste from one location to another. They include pipes, valves, faucets, and toilets.

### Electrical Conduit

Electrical conduit is used to protect electrical wiring from damage. It is typically made of metal or plastic and comes in various sizes and shapes.

### Med Gas

Med Gas refers to medical gas systems that supply oxygen, nitrous oxide, and other gases to healthcare facilities. These systems are designed to ensure patient safety and comfort.

### Communications

Communication systems include wiring and equipment used for telephones, computers, and other electronic devices. They are essential for modern-day communication and business operations.

## Section 3: Benefits of Prefabricated Mechanical Pipe Rack Systems

There are several benefits to using prefabricated mechanical pipe rack systems:

1. Time Savings: The systems can be fabricated offsite, reducing the amount of time needed onsite for installation. This can save weeks or even months on a construction project's schedule.

2. Cost Savings: Since the systems are prefabricated, there is less labor required onsite. This can result in cost savings for the construction company and lower overall project costs.

3. Quality Control: The systems are built in a controlled environment, allowing for better quality control. This means that any issues can be identified and corrected before the system is installed, reducing the likelihood of errors during installation.

4. Improved Safety: Since the systems are installed from above, there is less need for workers to be in dangerous positions. This can reduce the risk of accidents and injuries on the job site.

## Section 4: Installation Process

Once the prefabricated mechanical pipe rack systems have been fabricated, they are hoisted into position above the ceiling. Connectors are strategically placed to reduce installation time. Workers then connect the sections of the system, completing the installation process.

## Glossary

- HVAC: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning
- MEP: Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing
- Prefabricated: Built or constructed offsite before being brought to the construction site
- Rack System: A framework or structure for organizing or storing items
- Trunk Line: A main pipe or duct that carries air or water to various parts of a building

## Conclusion

Prefabricated mechanical pipe rack systems offer several benefits, including time and cost savings, improved quality control, and enhanced safety. By understanding the main components of MEP systems and the installation process, you can apply these skills to new problems and projects.


text: Ethanol can be even more efficient than gasoline with the right engine, and Saab has the engine. According to Mobile Magazine, the 9-5 2.3t BioPower engine runs better on E85 than it does on regular gasoline – 210 bhp compared to 185 bhp. Earlier stories about the BioPower engine, such as this one in Popular Science, say it’s 184 horsepower on ethanol and 148 with gasoline. Pretty good either way. However, Saab currently only has plans to sell cars with the BioPower engine in Europe.. The engine will clearly give the E85 cause a boost, but only in Europe for now. It will appear there in the 2007 model year later this year, but there are no public plans to bring it to the United States.

textbook:
Lesson: The Advantages of Ethanol as a Fuel Source

Introduction:
Ethanol is a renewable and environmentally friendly fuel source that can be used in place of traditional gasoline. In this lesson, we will explore the advantages of using ethanol as a fuel source, including its potential for increased efficiency and reduced emissions.

Section 1: Understanding Ethanol as a Fuel Source

Topic 1: What is ethanol?
Ethanol is a type of alcohol that can be produced from various feedstocks, including corn, sugarcane, and cellulosic materials. It is a renewable fuel source that can be used in place of gasoline in vehicles.

Topic 2: Why use ethanol instead of gasoline?
Ethanol is a cleaner burning fuel source than gasoline, which means it produces fewer emissions and is better for the environment. Additionally, ethanol can be produced from renewable sources, making it a sustainable option for fueling vehicles.

Section 2: The Advantages of Ethanol as a Fuel Source

Topic 1: Increased efficiency
Ethanol can be even more efficient than gasoline with the right engine, as demonstrated by Saab's 9-5 2.3t BioPower engine. This engine runs better on E85 than it does on regular gasoline – 210 bhp compared to 185 bhp.

Topic 2: Reduced emissions
Using ethanol as a fuel source can reduce emissions from vehicles, as it produces fewer pollutants than gasoline. This can help improve air quality and reduce the impact of vehicle emissions on the environment.

Topic 3: Availability
Ethanol is widely available in the United States, where it is commonly blended with gasoline to create E10 or E15. In Europe, Saab currently only has plans to sell cars with the BioPower engine, but the engine will clearly give the E85 cause a boost.

Section 3: Applying the Concepts

Topic 1: How can we encourage the use of ethanol as a fuel source?
One way to encourage the use of ethanol as a fuel source is to increase awareness of its benefits and work towards making it more widely available. Additionally, policymakers could incentivize the production and use of ethanol by offering tax credits or other financial incentives.

Topic 2: What are some potential challenges to using ethanol as a fuel source?
One potential challenge to using ethanol as a fuel source is the cost of production. Additionally, some vehicles may not be able to run on high concentrations of ethanol without modification.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, ethanol offers several advantages as a fuel source, including increased efficiency and reduced emissions. By understanding the benefits of ethanol and working towards making it more widely available, we can help promote a cleaner and more sustainable transportation system.

Glossary:
- Feedstock: The raw materials used to produce ethanol, such as corn, sugarcane, or cellulosic materials.
- Emissions: The release of pollutants or greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, often as a result of vehicle exhaust.
- Renewable: Capable of being replenished or replaced naturally, such as ethanol produced from plant-based feedstocks.
- Sustainable: Able to be maintained or carried on indefinitely, such as the use of ethanol as a fuel source.


text: APM for Complex SystemsGet Started. LightStep Tracing is far more than a trace viewer. It selects and aggregates traces to explain the symptoms that matter the most to you.. LightStep Tracing absorbs 100% of your tracing data and indexes it immediately, with no caveats about the number of tag values.. LightStep Tracing works with 11 languages and all major operating systems, cloud providers, service meshes, and serverless frameworks.. LightStep Tracing integrates easily with hundreds of projects that already support OpenTracing, and is an ideal development environment for any custom instrumentation you choose to add.. Rob Figueiredo. VP of Engineering, Yext

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to APM for Complex Systems

## Section 1: What is APM?
APM stands for Application Performance Management. It is a technology that enables businesses to monitor the performance of their software applications in real-time. This helps them to identify and resolve issues quickly before they impact the user experience.

## Section 2: Why is APM important for complex systems?
Complex systems are made up of many interconnected components, which can make it difficult to identify the source of a problem when something goes wrong. APM is essential for complex systems because it provides deep visibility into the inner workings of an application, allowing developers to pinpoint the cause of issues quickly and efficiently.

## Section 3: How does LightStep Tracing work?
LightStep Tracing is an APM tool that helps developers understand the performance of their applications. It works by collecting data on user interactions with the application and analyzing it to identify any bottlenecks or issues that may be affecting performance.

## Section 4: Key Features of LightStep Tracing
- LightStep Tracing absorbs 100% of your tracing data and indexes it immediately, with no caveats about the number of tag values.
- LightStep Tracing works with 11 languages and all major operating systems, cloud providers, service meshes, and serverless frameworks.
- LightStep Tracing integrates easily with hundreds of projects that already support OpenTracing, and is an ideal development environment for any custom instrumentation you choose to add.

## Section 5: Practical Examples
Let's say you are developing a complex web application that uses a service mesh to manage traffic between microservices. You notice that the application is slow and users are experiencing long load times. With LightStep Tracing, you can quickly identify the root cause of the issue by analyzing the tracing data collected from user interactions. This will help you pinpoint exactly where the problem is and allow you to fix it quickly.

## Section 6: Conclusion
Understanding APM for complex systems is crucial for developers who want to ensure their applications perform well and provide a seamless user experience. LightStep Tracing is an excellent tool for achieving this goal, offering deep visibility into application performance and integrating easily with a wide range of technologies. By using LightStep Tracing, developers can quickly identify and resolve issues, improving the overall performance of their applications.


text: Debby Wells – Roles: Investigator, Researcher and Sensitive. Debby has a lifetime of experiences with the Other Side for her entire life. Her family has had a strong spiritual connection and gifts as well.. As a minister, she has a compassionate connection to those who have passed. From an early age, she felt spirits around her and knows it is an important part of her life mission to do what she can to help those who have passed and help find evidence of the other side that can be shared. Debby is beginning a new list of experiences with GRI and is a valued member of the team

textbook:
**Title:** Introduction to Paranormal Investigation

**Lesson Overview:** In this lesson, we will explore the basics of paranormal investigation and learn about the different roles and responsibilities involved in this field. We will also discuss the importance of critical thinking and how it applies to paranormal investigations.

**Section 1: Introduction to Paranormal Investigation**

Paranormal investigation is the study of phenomena that are not yet explained by science or traditional religion. These phenomena include ghosts, hauntings, poltergeists, and other supernatural events. Paranormal investigators use a variety of techniques to collect data and evidence to help explain these events.

**Section 2: Roles and Responsibilities of a Paranormal Investigator**

There are several roles and responsibilities involved in paranormal investigation. These include:

1. Investigator: This person is responsible for collecting data and evidence during an investigation. They use a variety of tools, such as cameras, recorders, and meters, to gather information.

2. Researcher: This person is responsible for analyzing the data collected by the investigator. They use their knowledge of history, folklore, and other fields to help explain the phenomena observed.

3. Sensitive: This person is sensitive to the energy of the location being investigated. They use their intuition and psychic abilities to sense the presence of spirits or other supernatural entities.

4. Minister: This person is responsible for providing spiritual guidance and support to those who have passed on. They use their knowledge of religious texts and traditions to help guide the spirits to the afterlife.

**Section 3: Critical Thinking and Paranormal Investigation**

Critical thinking is an important skill for paranormal investigators. It involves analyzing information and evidence objectively, without letting personal beliefs or feelings interfere. This helps to ensure that the conclusions drawn from the data are accurate and reliable.

**Section 4: Conclusion**

In conclusion, paranormal investigation is a fascinating field that requires a variety of skills and knowledge. By understanding the different roles and responsibilities involved, as well as the importance of critical thinking, we can begin to unravel the mysteries of the supernatural world.

**Glossary:**

- Investigator: A person responsible for collecting data and evidence during a paranormal investigation.
- Researcher: A person responsible for analyzing the data collected by the investigator.
- Sensitive: A person who is sensitive to the energy of a location and uses their intuition and psychic abilities to sense the presence of spirits or other supernatural entities.
- Minister: A person who provides spiritual guidance and support to those who have passed on.

**End of Lesson**


text: Pilare is the Latin for “to grow hair” and gives an adjective pilosus, meaning “hairy.”. From this and their own word chat, a cat, the French formed chatepelose, “hairy cat,” which may be compared to “woolly off trees.. This is the reason why the spelling of the word “caterpillar” has departed so far from the French form.

textbook:
Lesson: The Etymology of Words

**Introduction:** In this lesson, we will learn about the origin of words and how they evolve over time. We will use the example of the word "caterpillar" to illustrate how words change as they are borrowed from one language to another.

**Section 1: Understanding the Etymology of Words**

The study of the origin and development of words is called etymology. By studying the history of words, we can better understand their meanings and usage.

**Question:** What does "etymology" mean?
**Answer:** Etymology is the study of the origin and development of words.

**Section 2: The Example of "Caterpillar"**

The word "caterpillar" comes from the Old French word "chattepelose," which means "hairy cat." This word was then borrowed into Middle English as "caterpillar." Over time, the spelling of the word has changed to its current form.

**Question:** How did the word "caterpillar" change as it was borrowed from French to English?
**Answer:** The word "caterpillar" originally came from the Old French word "chattepelose," which meant "hairy cat." As the word was borrowed into Middle English, it became "caterpillar," with the spelling changing over time to its current form.

**Section 3: Applying Etymology to New Words**

By understanding the history of words, we can use etymology to better understand new words we encounter. For example, if we come across a new word like "unbelievable," we can use etymology to trace its origin back to the Old French word "in-" (meaning "not") and the Latin word "credere" (meaning "to believe").

**Question:** How can we use etymology to help us understand new words?
**Answer:** By tracing the origin of new words back to their root words, we can better understand their meanings and usage.

**Glossary:**
- Etymology: The study of the origin and development of words.
- Root word: The base form of a word, from which other forms are derived.
- Borrowing: When a word is taken from one language and used in another language.
- Middle English: The stage of the English language from around 1100 to 1500.

**Conclusion:** By studying the etymology of words, we can better understand their meanings and usage. By applying this knowledge to new words, we can continue to expand our vocabulary and communication skills.


text: Rechargeable batteries are usually the NiCad or lithium variety. These types of batteries can be charged very fast and very often. They are also very affordable. Most Ni-cad and lithium batteries can be recharged in as little as 1 hour and can be charged over and over up to 1,000 times. These types of batteries come in all the common sizes such as Size D, C, AA, AAA and smaller camera sizes. Most people are impressed at the affordability of these batteries that only cost a couple of dollars each.. The chargers themselves usually cost from $10 to $50 depending on what kinds of batteries they service and how fast they can charge them. The great news about rechargeable batteries is that they are good for the environment. Batteries usually need to be disposed of separately and the less batteries you throw out, the better for the environment.. Final Fantasy Action Figures. Travel Accommodation

textbook:
Lesson: Rechargeable Batteries

Introduction:
Rechargeable batteries are an essential part of our daily lives. They power our devices and help us stay connected. In this lesson, we will learn about the different types of rechargeable batteries, their benefits, and how they work. We will also explore the environmental impact of disposable batteries and why rechargeable batteries are a better option.

Section 1: Types of Rechargeable Batteries
There are two main types of rechargeable batteries: Nickel-Cadmium (NiCad) and Lithium-Ion (Li-ion). Both types have their advantages and disadvantages.

NiCad batteries have been around for a long time and are known for their ability to handle high drain applications. However, they have a memory effect, which means that if not fully discharged before recharging, their capacity decreases over time. Li-ion batteries, on the other hand, do not have a memory effect, and they can be charged quickly without damaging the battery.

Section 2: Benefits of Rechargeable Batteries
The main benefit of rechargeable batteries is that they save money in the long run. Instead of buying disposable batteries every time your device runs out of power, you can use rechargeable batteries over and over again. They are also more environmentally friendly since they reduce waste and pollution caused by disposable batteries.

Section 3: How Rechargeable Batteries Work
Rechargeable batteries work by storing energy in a chemical form. When the battery is charged, electrons flow from the charger to the battery, replenishing the chemicals that store energy. When the battery is drained, the opposite process occurs, and the chemicals are broken down to release energy.

Section 4: Environmental Impact
Disposable batteries take hundreds of years to decompose in landfills, and they contain toxic metals such as lead and cadmium. These metals can contaminate soil and water, causing harm to plants, animals, and humans. By using rechargeable batteries, we can reduce the amount of waste that ends up in landfills and protect our environment.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, rechargeable batteries are an essential tool for our modern lives. They are cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and can be used over and over again. By understanding how they work and their benefits, we can make informed decisions about the batteries we use and reduce our impact on the environment.

Glossary:
- NiCad: Nickel-Cadmium
- Li-ion: Lithium-Ion
- Memory effect: Reduction in battery capacity due to partial charging
- Landfills: Waste disposal sites


text:
Fluorescent microsphere mist displays

A few 3D mist displays have been demonstrated over the last decade. I’ve seen a couple at trade shows and have been impressed. To date, they use mists or curtains of tiny water droplets to make a 3D space onto which to project an image, so you get a walk-through 3D life-sized display. Like this:

It looks OK but mist displays might be better solution for everyday use because they can be made a lot bigger more cheaply. However, nobody really wants water mist causing electrical problems in their PCs or making their notebook paper soggy. You can use smoke as a mist substitute but then you have a cloud of smoke around you. So…

Suppose instead of using water droplets and walking around veiled in fog or smoke or accompanied by electrical crackling and dead PCs, that the mist was not made of water droplets but tiny dry and obviously non-toxic particles such as fluorescent micro-spheres that are invisible to the naked eye and transparent to visible light so you can’t see the mist at all, and it won’t make stuff damp. Instead of projecting visible light, the particles are made of fluorescent material, so that they are illuminated by a UV projector and fluoresce with the right colour to make the visible display. There are plenty of fluorescent materials that could be made into tiny particles, even nano-particles, and made into an invisible mist that produces a bright and high-resolution display. Even if non-toxic is too big an ask, or the fluorescent material is too expensive to waste, a large box that keeps them contained and recycles them for the next display could still be bigger, better, brighter and cheaper than a large holographic display.

2 responses to “Fluorescent microsphere mist displays”

The ones in the video are not based on mist, so not the same. I’ve seen demos at conferences where large images are projected onto clouds of thin mist, and you can walk through them. They are not holograms , but just 3D projected displays.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Fluorescent Microsphere Mist Displays

**Objective:** In this lesson, we will learn about fluorescent microsphere mist displays, their advantages over traditional 3D displays, and their potential applications.

**Section 1: Theoretical Concepts**

- What is a fluorescent microsphere?
- What is a mist display?
- How do fluorescent microsphere mist displays work?

**Section 2: Practical Examples**

- Imagine you are designing a fluorescent microsphere mist display for an art gallery. What would be some possible uses of this display?
- How could this technology be used in education?
- Could this technology be used in advertising? If so, how?

**Section 3: Self-Debate Discussion**

- Are there any potential drawbacks to using fluorescent microsphere mist displays?
- How could these displays be made more environmentally friendly?
- Are there any safety concerns associated with using fluorescent microsphere mist displays?

**Glossary:**

- Fluorescent microsphere: A small, transparent particle that emits light when excited by an external energy source.
- Mist display: A type of 3D display that projects an image onto a mist or cloud of particles.
- Particle: A minute piece of matter, such as a liquid drop or solid fragment.

**Conclusion:**

Fluorescent microsphere mist displays offer a unique and versatile way to display 3D images. By using tiny, transparent, and non-toxic particles, these displays have the potential to be used in a wide range of settings, from art galleries to advertising campaigns. As with any new technology, there are potential drawbacks and safety concerns to consider, but overall, fluorescent microsphere mist displays offer an exciting and innovative way to experience 3D imagery.


text:
As you can see I want them both in the bottom_right. For now they align horizontally vertically but I don’t have space for that. Side by side (vertically horizontally) is enough space and it would look much better.

@BananaBro to adjust the space in between, play with the percentages. The 49% value is the width of the modules, and the 2% is the space in between. Adjust them so the total adds up to 100% — in this case, 2 x 49 + 2. So if you wanted more space in between — say you increase the 2% value to 6% then you would decrease the module width from 49% to 47%. Keep adjusting until you are happy.

As for the start up time, I haven’t noticed custom.css causing abnormally long startup time, and my custom.css file has quite a lot in it. Could be something else going on.

textbook:
Lesson: Aligning Elements in CSS

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to align elements in CSS using different techniques such as floats, inline-blocks, and flexbox. We will also learn how to adjust the space between elements and how to optimize our code for better performance.

Section 1: Floats
Floats are used to position an element to the left or right of its container. To float an element, we use the "float" property and set it to "left" or "right". For example, to float an image to the right, we can add the following code:

```css
img {
  float: right;
}
```

However, floats can cause problems when we need to align multiple elements next to each other. This is where inline-blocks come in handy.

Section 2: Inline-blocks
Inline-blocks are similar to regular blocks, but they are treated as inline elements. This means that they will not break the flow of the text and will wrap around other inline elements. To use inline-blocks, we set the "display" property to "inline-block". For example, to align two images next to each other, we can add the following code:

```css
img {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 50%;
}
```

Section 3: Flexbox
Flexbox is a powerful tool for aligning elements in CSS. It allows us to align elements horizontally, vertically, or both. To use flexbox, we set the "display" property to "flex". For example, to align three images in a row, we can add the following code:

```css
img {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
}
```

Section 4: Adjusting Space Between Elements
To adjust the space between elements, we can use the "margin" and "padding" properties. For example, to add 10px of space between two images, we can add the following code:

```css
img {
  margin: 0 10px;
}
```

Section 5: Optimizing Code for Better Performance
To optimize our code for better performance, we can use the "minified" version of our CSS file. Minification removes unnecessary characters such as white spaces, comments, and line breaks. This reduces the size of the file and improves loading times.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned how to align elements in CSS using floats, inline-blocks, and flexbox. We also learned how to adjust the space between elements and how to optimize our code for better performance. By applying these techniques, we can create visually appealing and well-structured websites.


text: The Cumulus One is an easy-to-use and highly autonomous fixed wing drone built with first class materials for demanding missions.. This ground breaking small UAV is a game changer.. - Up to 2.5 hour endurance.. - Carbon Fibre and Kevlar construction.. - Range of camera payload options up to 36 Megapixel.. - Hand launch with no catapult required.. - Vertical landing for tight spaces.. - Everything in one box.. - Fully automated after launch to landing.. - Large customisable payload area.. The Cumulus One comes with everything needed to fly.. Included in the box. - Camera/Sensor. - Spare parts and tools. - Batteries and charger. - Ground Control Station. We are proud to be the Cumulus One distributor for Australia, New Zealand and South Pacific regions.. Contact us today to find out more or to arrange a demonstration.. Contact us today to find out more or to arrange a demonstration.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Drones

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
Drones, also known as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), are aircrafts that can be controlled remotely or autonomously. They are used for various purposes such as photography, surveillance, and delivery of goods. In this lesson, we will learn about the different types of drones, their components, and how they work.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
Let's consider a scenario where a farmer wants to monitor his crops. He can use a drone equipped with a camera to take pictures and videos of his fields. The drone can then transmit the data to the farmer's computer or smartphone, allowing him to analyze the health of his crops and identify any areas that need attention.

Another example is a search and rescue mission. Drones can be used to locate missing persons or survey disaster areas. They can fly over the area and send real-time images and data to the rescue team, helping them make informed decisions and save lives.

## Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions
Why are drones becoming increasingly popular?
- They are cost-effective compared to manned aircrafts.
- They can access areas that are dangerous or difficult for humans to reach.
- They can collect data and provide information that is not possible with traditional methods.

What are the challenges of using drones?
- They can be hacked and used for malicious purposes.
- They can collide with other aircrafts or objects in the air.
- They can interfere with air traffic control systems.

## Glossary
- Drone: An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that can be controlled remotely or autonomously.
- Component: A part or piece that makes up a whole.
- Autonomous: Operating or functioning independently with little or no human intervention.
- Remote: Controlled from a distance.
- Payload: The weight that a vehicle can carry.
- Endurance: The length of time a drone can fly without needing to be refueled.
- Construction: The process of building something.
- Kevlar: A strong and lightweight synthetic fiber that is used in making bulletproof vests and other protective gear.
- Customizable: Able to be tailored to meet specific needs or preferences.
- Demonstration: A presentation or display of something to show how it works or to explain its features.

## Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned about drones, their components, and how they work. We also explored practical examples of how drones can be used in agriculture and search and rescue missions. Finally, we engaged in self-debating discussions to understand the challenges and benefits of using drones. By understanding the basics of drones, we can apply these skills to new problems and stay up-to-date with the latest technology.


text:
Con mucha alegría y bromeando porque no le habían avisado que tenía que atender a la prensa y no se había “arreglado” para este compromiso, Juan Guillermo Cuadrado se mostró muy contento del trabajo que viene realizando la Selección Colombia de cara al Mundial de Rusia 2018.

El extremo de la Juventus aseguró que ahora los equipos ya los conocen más y ya los tienen referenciados. Sin embargo, añadió que lo importante es el conocimiento de varios años que tiene el equipo dirigido por José Pékerman y por esa razón tienen un “plus”.

Para qué está Colombia. Tenemos una gran selección. Creo que lo importante es estar muy unidos y trabajar por ese propósito de superar lo que se hizo el mundial pasado. Tenemos todo y hay que darlo todo en cada entrenamiento y partido.

Sus rivales. Seguramente te van a tener mucho más referenciado, pero tener una base de varios años te da algo más. El conocernos y llevar mucho tiempo nos pueda dar un plus. Seguramente será muy difícil, pero hay que estar tranquilos, sin la ansiedad para iniciar con el pie derecho.

Egipto. Lamentamos todos lo que le pasó a Mohamed Salah, por lo que está representando para su equipo y selección. Será un partido muy difícil, todas las selecciones querrán demostrar de qué están hechas. Debemos jugar como si fuera una final porque hay que ver en qué estamos y ojalá podamos conseguir un triunfo. Es un equipo fuerte, que técnicamente juega muy bien. Sin Salah no pueden tener esa velocidad que él desarrolla, pero seguramente tendrá un buen remplazo.

La llegada de Esteban Cambiasso. Podrá aportar mucho con su experiencia, táctica y técnicamente puede aportarnos. Ojalá pueda sernos de mucha ayuda.

Su posición en el terreno de juego. Yo estoy siempre a disposición del profe para lo que él quiera. Siempre he jugado por fuera y me siento mejor. Pero si el profesor quiere hacer un cambio de un módulo siempre daré lo mejor de mí.

DEPORTES

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Mathematical Abstraction

Overview:
In this lesson, we will explore the concept of mathematical abstraction and its applications in various fields. We will cover the basics of mathematical abstraction, its history, and its importance in problem-solving.

Objectives:
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
- Define mathematical abstraction
- Understand the history and importance of mathematical abstraction
- Apply mathematical abstraction to solve real-world problems
- Use mathematical abstraction to create new concepts and theories

Section 1: Introduction to Mathematical Abstraction

What is mathematical abstraction?
Mathematical abstraction is the process of removing unnecessary details from a problem to focus on its essential features. It involves simplifying complex problems into simpler forms that can be easily understood and solved.

History of Mathematical Abstraction
Mathematical abstraction has been used for centuries to solve complex problems in various fields such as physics, engineering, and economics. The ancient Greeks were among the first to use mathematical abstraction to study the natural world.

Importance of Mathematical Abstraction
Mathematical abstraction is essential in problem-solving because it allows us to focus on the essential features of a problem without getting bogged down by irrelevant details. It also enables us to create new concepts and theories that can be applied to other areas of study.

Section 2: Applying Mathematical Abstraction

How to Apply Mathematical Abstraction
To apply mathematical abstraction, follow these steps:
1. Identify the essential features of the problem
2. Remove any unnecessary details that do not contribute to the problem's essential features
3. Simplify the problem to its core components
4. Solve the problem using mathematical techniques and principles
5. Apply the solution to the original problem and other related problems

Example
Suppose you are given a problem that involves calculating the area of a circle. Instead of using complicated formulas, you can simplify the problem by focusing on the essential features: the radius and the formula for calculating the area of a circle. By applying mathematical abstraction, you can arrive at a simple solution that can be used to solve similar problems.

Section 3: Creating New Concepts and Theories

Using Mathematical Abstraction to Create New Concepts and Theories
Mathematical abstraction can be used to create new concepts and theories that can be applied to other areas of study. For example, the concept of "infinity" was first introduced in mathematics but has since been applied to various fields such as physics and philosophy.

Glossary
- Mathematical Abstraction: The process of simplifying complex problems by removing unnecessary details to focus on their essential features.
- Essential Features: The most important aspects of a problem that need to be considered when solving it.
- Necessary Details: Information that is required to understand and solve a problem completely.
- Simplification: The process of reducing a problem to its core components to make it easier to solve.
- Problem-Solving: The process of finding solutions to difficult problems.

Conclusion
Mathematical abstraction is an essential tool in problem-solving and the creation of new concepts and theories. By simplifying complex problems and focusing on their essential features, we can arrive at solutions that can be applied to various fields of study. By mastering mathematical abstraction, you will be well-equipped to tackle challenging problems in your academic and professional life.


text:
Pages

Sunday, April 14, 2013

Fernando Alonso won the Grand Prix of China Shanghai 2013 runway.

Fernando Alonso won the Grand Prix of China Shanghai 2013 runway.

Fernando Alonso won the Grand Prix of China.
Alonso made a fantastic start from the third position and overtook Kimi Raikkonen.
In the fifth lap, no problem Fernando led the column.
Kimi Raikkonen was overtaken at the start by both Ferrari drivers.
Kimi Raikkonen finished the race with a broken aerodynamic front wing details and then, second in China.
Lewis Hamilton was third.

textbook:
Core Value: The importance of a good start in a race.

Self-Taught Lesson:

# Lesson: The Importance of a Good Start in a Race

## Introduction

In any race, whether it's a car race or a footrace, the start is crucial. It sets the tone for the rest of the event and can determine the outcome. In this lesson, we will explore the importance of a good start in a race and how it can impact the final result.

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

**Question:** What is the significance of a good start in a race?

**Answer:** A good start in a race is significant because it allows a driver to gain an advantageous position at the beginning of the event. This position can help a driver avoid traffic and increase their chances of winning the race. Additionally, a good start can also demoralize opponents and boost the driver's confidence.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's consider an example from the Grand Prix of China Shanghai 2013. Fernando Alonso won the race after making a fantastic start from the third position and overtaking Kimi Raikkonen. By starting in the third position, Alonso avoided the chaos of the first two positions and was able to make a clean break. This allowed him to gain an early lead and control the race from start to finish.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

**Question:** How does a good start impact a race in real-world scenarios?

**Answer:** In real-world scenarios, a good start can make all the difference in a race. For instance, in the Grand Prix of China Shanghai 2013, Alonso's good start allowed him to avoid the traffic and chaos that often occurs at the beginning of a race. This gave him the opportunity to focus on his driving and make strategic decisions without worrying about other cars. As a result, he was able to control the race and win.

## Glossary

- **Start:** The beginning of a race, where drivers compete to gain an advantageous position.
- **Advantageous position:** A position that gives a driver an edge over their opponents, allowing them to avoid traffic and increase their chances of winning the race.
- **Traffic:** Other cars on the track that can slow down or obstruct a driver's progress.

## Conclusion

In conclusion, a good start in a race is crucial as it sets the tone for the rest of the event and can determine the outcome. By starting in an advantageous position, drivers can avoid traffic and increase their chances of winning. In the example from the Grand Prix of China Shanghai 2013, Fernando Alonso's good start allowed him to control the race and win. Therefore, it's essential for drivers to focus on their starts and develop strategies to gain an advantageous position.


text:
The Best Cruise Deals, Reviews, Videos, Photos and Answers

Select Cruise Duration

Select your passengers

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Search

Please ensure you've selected excursion details before searching.

ALREADY HAVE A CRUISE CODE?

Submit

colin - Answered a Question by Shone (04 Feb 09 21:47)

The simple answer is layers...we went a couple years ago in june...some days were warm enogh for t shirt and trousers others were chilly. temperatures similar to spring here. take a light weight waterproof .

Colin is right the answer is layers... we went in September 2008 trousers/jeans/t-shirts but remember to pack a lightweight waterproof! and good walking shoes as there is so much to see and do! depending on the cruise ship, they dont seem so formal on Alaskan cruises, we found not too many people dressed up on the formal nights as they do around the Med or Transatlantic.-dont forget your camera, binoculors,sun glasses!

Cruised inside passage 3 times now with HAL. We found layers to be the answer to day wear and I disagree with the point that evenings on Alaska cruises are not so formal. Most of the guests wore the appropriate level of dress for dinner and that meant that as far as I could see, a good proportion of gentlemen were in dinner suits on the formal occasions.I think us ladies find it easier to pitch the dress level as we can accessorize up or down an outfit.

textbook:
Lesson: How to Find the Best Cruise Deals

Introduction:
Finding the best cruise deals can be a daunting task, especially if you are new to cruising. However, with the right information and strategies, you can easily find the best deals that suit your needs and budget. In this lesson, we will cover the following topics:

1. Selecting the right cruise duration
2. Determining the number of passengers
3. Finding the best deals

Selecting the right cruise duration:

The first step in finding the best cruise deals is to determine the duration of the cruise you want to take. Cruises come in different durations, ranging from a few hours to several weeks. The duration of the cruise will affect the cost, so it's essential to choose one that fits your budget and schedule.

Determining the number of passengers:

The next step is to determine the number of passengers you are traveling with. Most cruise lines offer discounts for children and infants, so it's essential to select the correct number of passengers to get an accurate price quote.

Finding the best deals:

Once you have determined the duration and the number of passengers, the next step is to search for the best deals. There are several ways to do this, including:

1. Using a travel agent: Travel agents have access to special deals that are not available to the general public. They can also help you compare prices and find the best deal for your needs.

2. Searching online: You can use search engines like Google to find cruise deals. Be sure to enter the correct search terms, such as "cruise deals" or "cruise prices," to get accurate results.

3. Checking cruise line websites: Many cruise lines offer special deals directly on their websites. Be sure to check these sites regularly to stay up-to-date on the latest deals.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, finding the best cruise deals requires some research and planning. By selecting the right cruise duration, determining the number of passengers, and searching for deals, you can find the perfect cruise at an affordable price. Remember to use a travel agent, search online, and check cruise line websites to get the best deals. With these tips in mind, you'll be able to enjoy a wonderful cruise vacation without breaking the bank.


text: About. We received a grant by Campus France (PHC Carlos J Finlay, 2019-20210) to collaborate with the team of Dr Vivian Kourí Cardellá from Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí (Habana) on the dynamics of HIV-1 epidemics in Cuba. Together, we study the evolutionary and geographical origins of HIV-1 recombinants in Cuba, such as CRF19, an HIV recombinant that was found exclusively in Cuba. Furthermore, we perform phylodynamics analyses, and study the resistance to drugs and its spread in Cuba. This study benefits from the unique richness and completeness of Cuban HIV databases, notably in terms of metadata and contact tracing. As part of this collaboration, we gave theoretical and practical courses for one week in Phylogenetics and Molecular Epidemiology to 55 Cuban students and researchers in October 2019.

textbook:
Lesson Title: Understanding HIV-1 Epidemics in Cuba

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about the dynamics of HIV-1 epidemics in Cuba. We will explore the evolutionary and geographical origins of HIV-1 recombinants in Cuba, such as CRF19, an HIV recombinant that was found exclusively in Cuba. We will also perform phylodynamics analyses and study the resistance to drugs and its spread in Cuba.

Section 1: Evolutionary and Geographical Origins of HIV-1 Recombinants in Cuba

Topic 1: What is a recombinant?
A recombinant is a virus that has genetic material from two or more different viruses. In the case of HIV-1, recombination occurs when two or more different strains of the virus infect the same cell and exchange genetic material.

Topic 2: What is CRF19?
CRF19 is an HIV recombinant that was found exclusively in Cuba. It is a result of the recombination of two different HIV-1 strains: A and D.

Topic 3: Where did CRF19 come from?
CRF19 likely originated in Cuba due to the unique genetic makeup of the virus. The exact reason for its emergence is still unknown, but it could be related to the high prevalence of HIV in certain areas of Cuba.

Section 2: Phylodynamics Analyses

Topic 1: What is phylodynamics?
Phylodynamics is the study of the evolutionary history of a virus or other organism. It combines phylogenetics (the study of the evolutionary relationships among different species) with dynamical models to understand how a virus has evolved over time and how it might continue to evolve in the future.

Topic 2: How do we perform phylodynamics analyses?
To perform phylodynamics analyses, we use computational methods to analyze genetic sequences of the virus. We can then use these sequences to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the virus and to predict how it might evolve in the future.

Section 3: Resistance to Drugs and Its Spread in Cuba

Topic 1: What is drug resistance?
Drug resistance occurs when a virus mutates in such a way that it becomes resistant to certain antiviral drugs. This can make it more difficult to treat the virus effectively.

Topic 2: How does drug resistance spread?
Drug resistance can spread through sexual contact, needle sharing, or from mother to child during childbirth. It can also spread through contact with infected blood or other bodily fluids.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we have learned about the dynamics of HIV-1 epidemics in Cuba, including the evolutionary and geographical origins of HIV-1 recombinants like CRF19. We have also explored phylodynamics analyses and the spread of drug resistance in Cuba. By understanding these concepts, we can better understand the complex nature of HIV-1 epidemics and work towards developing effective strategies to combat them.

Glossary:
- HIV-1: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
- CRF19: HIV recombinant found exclusively in Cuba
- Phylodynamics: Study of the evolutionary history of a virus or other organism
- Recombinant: Virus with genetic material from two or more different viruses
- Antiviral drugs: Medications used to treat viral infections
- Drug resistance: Mutation of a virus that makes it resistant to certain antiviral drugs.