text:
1. Technical Field
The present invention pertains to safety valves useful to control flow in well conduits. This invention pertains to a safety valve, particularly useful in gas storage systems, which automatically closes when production mass flow reaches a predetermined rate at a particular ambient pressure.
2. Background Information
A considerable number of pressure-differential type safety valves are known for wells, which are direct-controlled, i.e., actuated, to close because fluid flow through generates differential pressure and sufficient closing force in these valves. An example of a direct-controlled (or flow actuated) safety valve is shown on page 142 of "Otis Products and Services" (OEC 5516), a September, 1989 publication of Otis Engineering Corporation, Belt Line at Webbs Chapel Roads, P.O. Box 819052, Dallas, Tex. 75381-9052. Another example of a direct-controlled safety valve is shown in application Ser. No. 07/699,368, filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office May 13, 1991, for applicants William W. Dollison and John C. Gano.
Other examples of flow actuated safety valves are shown in the following U.S. Patents. U.S. Pat. No. 4,708,163 to Deaton discloses a valve which compares pressure of fluid flowing through the valve to pressure exterior of the valve. If the differential pressure exceeds a predetermined value, a pressure sensitive bellows is actuated to close the valve.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,664,195 to Deaton covers another direct acting (controlled) safety valve. If the rate of change of fluid pressure flowing through this valve exceeds a preselected value, a pressure sensitive piston will close the valve.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,339,001 to Paschal, Jr., is for a differential operated safety valve which is held open until the difference in pressure between fluid in a chamber inside the valve and fluid flowing through the valve exceeds a preselected value causing the valve to close.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,881,511 to Dollison discloses a well safety valve utilizing a poppet type valve which is actuated to close when the flow rate through the valve induces sufficient pressure differential in the valve to actuate the valve to close.
Inventor Phillip S. Sizer utilizes a ball type valve in the safety valve structure of U.S. Pat. No. 3,236,255. The ball valve is rotated to close in one form of the safety valve when the pressure above the ball valve drops below a predetermined value and in another form when the flowing pressure differential across the ball valve exceeds a predetermined value.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,070,119 to G. M. Raulins shows another direct controlled safety valve structure which is actuated to close when a predetermined value of differential flowing pressure below and above an orifice is reached.
All previously noted patents are incorporated herein for reference.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Technical Fields in Patents

Introduction:
Technical fields refer to specific areas of expertise that relate to inventions or discoveries. In this lesson, we will learn about technical fields in patents and how they can help us understand the purpose and functionality of an invention.

Section 1: What are Technical Fields in Patents?

Topic 1: Definition
- A technical field refers to a specific area of technology or science that relates to an invention or discovery.
- It helps to categorize the invention and provide context for its purpose and functionality.

Topic 2: Examples
- An example of a technical field in a patent might be "medical devices" or "electronics."
- These fields help to identify the type of invention and its potential applications.

Section 2: Why are Technical Fields Important?

Topic 1: Understanding the Invention
- Technical fields provide context for the invention and help us understand its purpose and functionality.
- They can also indicate the intended market or application for the invention.

Topic 2: Prior Art Searches
- When conducting prior art searches, technical fields can help narrow down the scope of the search and find relevant patents or publications.
- This can save time and effort in the search process.

Section 3: How to Read Technical Fields in Patents

Topic 1: Locating Technical Fields
- Technical fields are typically located at the beginning of the patent specification, before the detailed description of the invention.
- They are usually listed in a section called "Background of the Invention" or "Field of the Invention."

Topic 2: Analyzing Technical Fields
- Read the technical fields carefully to ensure that you understand the context of the invention.
- Consider how the technical fields relate to other aspects of the patent, such as the problems solved or the technical features described.

Section 4: Practice Questions

1. What is the technical field of the following patent: "A method for transmitting data over a network"?
- The technical field of this patent would be "communications" or "networking."

2. How do technical fields help in understanding the purpose of an invention?
- Technical fields provide context for the invention and help us understand its purpose and functionality. They can also indicate the intended market or application for the invention.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about technical fields in patents and how they can help us understand the purpose and functionality of an invention. By analyzing technical fields, we can gain valuable insights into the context and applications of an invention. As we continue to explore patents and inventions, remember to pay close attention to technical fields and use them to guide our understanding of the inventions described.


text: We all age, we can’t avoid it. What we can do is adopt a fitness program that will slow the aging process to help us sustain a vibrant and healthy lifestyle.. Exercise increases your strength and builds muscle, this can help prevent functional declines related to aging. Many studies confirm maintaining muscle strength is an essential component of good health and longevity. When you increase muscle strength you can significantly reduce the risk of obesity, increase bone density and prevent the onset of diabetes. When you maintain strong muscles will also benefit your balance, coordination and posture.. So, to stay strong and muscle up your fitness program today.

source: refinedweb

textbook:
**Lesson: The Importance of Maintaining Muscle Strength**

**Introduction:** Aging is an inevitable part of life, but there are things we can do to slow down the aging process and maintain a healthy lifestyle. One of those things is to maintain our muscle strength through exercise. In this lesson, we will explore the benefits of having strong muscles and how to incorporate exercise into our daily lives.

**Section 1: The Benefits of Maintaining Muscle Strength**

**Topic 1: Stronger Muscles = Better Health**

Exercise increases your strength and builds muscle, which can help prevent functional declines related to aging. Many studies confirm that maintaining muscle strength is an essential component of good health and longevity. When you increase muscle strength, you can significantly reduce the risk of obesity, increase bone density, and prevent the onset of diabetes.

**Topic 2: Improved Balance, Coordination, and Posture**

When you maintain strong muscles, you will also benefit from improved balance, coordination, and posture. These benefits are important for everyday activities, such as walking, climbing stairs, and carrying groceries. Strong muscles also help to prevent falls and injuries, which can become more common as we age.

**Section 2: How to Maintain Muscle Strength**

**Topic 1: Incorporate Resistance Training**

Resistance training, such as weightlifting or bodyweight exercises, is an excellent way to maintain muscle strength. This type of exercise works your muscles against resistance, which helps them grow stronger over time. Aim to do resistance training at least two to three times per week for optimal results.

**Topic 2: Include Cardio Exercise**

Cardiovascular exercise, such as running, swimming, or cycling, is another great way to maintain muscle strength. Cardio exercise gets your heart pumping and increases blood flow to your muscles, which helps to keep them healthy and strong. Aim to do cardio exercise for at least 150 minutes per week for optimal health benefits.

**Section 3: Examples of Muscle-Strengthening Exercises**

**Topic 1: Squats**

Stand with feet shoulder-width apart. Lower your hips and push your knees out to the sides, as if you were sitting down in a chair. Keep your back straight and your core engaged. Slowly lift yourself back up to the starting position. Repeat for 12-15 reps.

**Topic 2: Push-Ups**

Start in a plank position with your hands slightly wider than shoulder-width apart. Lower your body down, keeping your back straight and your core engaged. When your chest almost touches the ground, push yourself back up to the starting position. Repeat for 12-15 reps.

**Glossary:**
- Muscle strength: The amount of force your muscles can exert against resistance
- Resistance training: Exercise that uses resistance to strengthen muscles
- Cardio exercise: Exercise that improves heart health and increases blood flow

**Conclusion:**

Maintaining muscle strength is an important part of aging gracefully and sustaining a healthy lifestyle. By incorporating resistance training and cardio exercise into our daily routines, we can improve our overall health and wellbeing. Remember to start slowly and gradually increase the intensity of your workouts to see the best results.


text: It's not the same without you. Join the community to find out what other Atlassian users are discussing, debating and creating.. I added the status 'Deployed' and ´Released' to the workflow so our customer can see where he can check his issue. Now i read i had to put the 'done' column at the end because otherwise all done issues are in the backlog. But now the issues with released and deployed status are seen in the backlog... I can not change the filter for the board becase than the issues are also not vissible in the sprint.... Is there a workaround to use different status that behave like 'done' in the last column for JIRA Agile board?. @nic Thanks, but i do like to have them in separate columns, is that possible?. Assuming Deployed and Released are end-status (i.e done), just change the board definitions - put the two status in the "Done" column on the far right along with whatever status is already there.. @nic Thanks, but i do like to have them in separate columns, is that possible?. ...

textbook:
Lesson: How to Use JIRA Agile Board

Introduction:
JIRA Agile Board is a tool used by software developers to track their progress and manage their tasks. It helps teams to visualize their work and prioritize their tasks based on their importance. In this lesson, we will learn how to use JIRA Agile Board effectively.

Section 1: Understanding JIRA Agile Board

Topic 1: What is JIRA Agile Board?
JIRA Agile Board is a tool that helps teams to plan, track, and manage their work. It is a visual representation of the team's progress and helps them to understand what needs to be done next.

Topic 2: How does JIRA Agile Board work?
JIRA Agile Board works by breaking down the project into smaller tasks called stories. These stories are then prioritized based on their importance and urgency. The board shows the status of each story, who is working on it, and when it is expected to be completed.

Section 2: Setting up JIRA Agile Board

Topic 1: Creating a new board
To create a new board, go to the JIRA dashboard and click on the "Agile" tab. From here, you can create a new board by clicking on the "Create Board" button.

Topic 2: Adding columns to the board
Once you have created your board, you can add columns to represent different stages of your process. For example, you might have a "To Do," "In Progress," and "Done" column.

Section 3: Using JIRA Agile Board

Topic 1: Adding stories to the board
To add stories to the board, you can create a new issue and select the appropriate status for that issue. Then, drag and drop the issue to the appropriate column on the board.

Topic 2: Prioritizing stories
Stories are prioritized based on their importance and urgency. You can use the "Rank" field to assign a priority level to each story. This will help the team to understand which stories need to be worked on first.

Section 4: Best Practices for Using JIRA Agile Board

Topic 1: Keeping the board up-to-date
It is essential to keep the board up-to-date by regularly updating the status of each story. This will help the team to understand the progress of the project and identify any bottlenecks.

Topic 2: Using the board to track progress
The board can be used to track the progress of the project by looking at the status of each story. This will help the team to understand which stories are taking longer to complete and identify any issues that need to be addressed.

Conclusion:
JIRA Agile Board is a powerful tool that can help teams to manage their work and track their progress. By following the best practices outlined in this lesson, teams can use JIRA Agile Board effectively to manage their projects and achieve their goals.


text:
Monday, February 11, 2019

The odds of a new 'Coco' ride at Epcot just got a lot better

When Coco came out in 2017, there was immediate speculation that Disney would be redoing the boat ride in Epcot’s Mexico pavilion to cash in on the hit film. Now a year and a half later there hasn’t been any indication that any such attraction is in the works.

click to enlarge

Disney Parks Blog

Disney did unveil an interactive Coco themed exhibit, Remember Me!, in the entrance area to the indoor section of Epcot’s Mexico pavilion. The display, which was delayed by a few months, was rumored to be a testing ground for Disney to gauge how popular Coco was to park guests. Unfortunately, like many exhibits in the World Showcase, many guests walk right past the Coco one on their way to tequila or their next ride (it’s surprising how many guests seem not even to realize that there’s an indoor section at all to the Mexico pavilion).

Then last week, Disney announced a new Coco-themed show is coming to the pavilion just in time for the Flower and Garden Festival. The Mariachi Cobre band will be joined by two dancers and what looks to be a puppet version of Miguel in a show that will retell the story from the movie.
Coco remains one of the biggest Thanksgiving film openings ever. The 22-week long run saw the film bring in over $800 million in worldwide box office sales, but despite these stellar numbers Disney has been slow to embrace the movie, especially at Walt Disney World.

Now speculation is once again reviving the previous rumors of a Coco-themed ride heading to the Mexico pavilion. The thought is that Disney executives have realized that museum exhibits, even high-tech ones like "Remember Me!," aren’t a good way to gauge visitor interest in a intellectual property. Just next door in Norway, Frozen has proven this point where a Frozen-themed museum exhibit in the Stave Church was replaced last year.

The new Coco-themed show and ongoing retail sales might be a better indication for interest in the film rather than an exhibit that many guests seem to walk right past.

Back when the original rumors of a Coco boat ride broke insiders had indicated that Disney leadership was deciding between the Mexico pavilion update and a Mary Poppins one the United Kingdom pavilion. More recently these same insiders are reporting that Disney has greenlit a small Mary Poppins themed “flat ride” for the United Kingdom. Little is known on what this off-the-shelf carnival-like ride will be, but previous rumors pointed to a carousel being considered.

The much larger and more expensive Mary Poppins-themed dark ride and meet-and-greet that was at the time being considered now seem to be shelved entirely. This scaling back of the Mary Poppins addition could be an indicator that Disney leadership has decided that instead of an either/or situation between Mary Poppins and Coco that they want to do both.

In recent months, the Gran Fiesta Tour boat ride has seen a decline in upkeep with a nightmare-inducing broken Three Caballeros scene going viral just a few weeks ago. In a theme park with few kid-friendly attractions, this boat ride regularly has some of the lowest waits in all of Walt Disney World.

There are also the rumors of an upcoming Brazil pavilion to consider, since the Three Caballeros film is actually based in South America and technically has nothing to do with Mexico itself.

Any update to the Gran Fiesta Tour attraction would require Disney to close nearby stores or restaurants, a move that might be difficult considering some of those are managed by a third-party. But Disney is already working with this group on improved offerings in other areas of Walt Disney World which could give them some leverage in negotiations involving the future of the Mexico pavilion.

Disney has now shown that it’s not ready to give up on Coco, but the question remains if they’re now committed to going all-in on a permanent attraction for the Pixar film.

source: minipile

textbook:
Core Value:

The core value of this paragraph is the announcement of a new Coco-themed show coming to the Mexico pavilion in Epcot.

Lesson: Introduction to Theme Park Attractions

**Section 1: Theoretical Concepts**

A theme park attraction is a special designed structure or ride that provides entertainment and fun for visitors. They are usually based on a specific theme or storyline, and can range from mild to wild, depending on the target audience.

**Section 2: Practical Examples**

One example of a theme park attraction is the Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey ride at Universal Studios. This ride is based on the popular Harry Potter book series, and takes visitors on a journey through Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.

Another example is the Twilight Zone Tower of Terror at Disney's Hollywood Studios. This ride is based on the classic television show, The Twilight Zone, and takes visitors on a thrilling drop through a haunted hotel.

**Section 3: Real-World Scenarios**

Theme parks around the world have different types of attractions based on movies, television shows, and books. For instance, The Wizarding World of Harry Potter at Universal Studios in Orlando, Florida has several attractions based on the Harry Potter series, including the Forbidden Journey ride, the Hogwarts Express train ride, and the Dragon Challenge roller coaster.

In conclusion, theme park attractions are designed to provide visitors with an immersive experience that brings them into the world of a movie, television show, or book. They can be mild or wild, depending on the target audience, and can range from rides to shows to interactive exhibits. By understanding the theoretical concepts behind these attractions, visitors can appreciate the hard work and creativity that goes into creating them.


text: Sartre BatrMore About: 911 / World Trade Center. 911 Ten Years After. In order to place the significance of the September 11, 2001 into context with the help of hindsight, one can review the numerous accounts that deal with every imaginable aspect of the excuse that rationalizes each higher level of tyranny committed in the name of a mystical goal of national security. Viewing an account like, 9/11 Is the LitmusTest is a strong contender of establishing the perspective and circumstance that the official 911 report wants you to ignore. However, an examination of an initial response published the day of the treason, demonstrates that little enlightenment has touched the minds of those who continually serve the empire. When Will America Learn? - Squarely exposes the destructive internationalist foreign policy that only advances the interests of fifth column globalists that scheme to destroy the last remnants of our constitutional republic.

textbook:
Lesson Title: Understanding the Significance of 9/11

Introduction:
The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, also known as 9/11, were a significant event in American history. The attacks resulted in the deaths of over 2,900 people and caused extensive damage to the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. In this lesson, we will explore the significance of 9/11, its impact on American society, and how it has shaped our understanding of national security.

Section 1: Understanding the Event

Topic 1: The Attacks
- What were the terrorist attacks of 9/11?
- Who was responsible for the attacks?
- What were the targets of the attacks?

Topic 2: The Impact
- How did the attacks affect the United States?
- What were the immediate responses to the attacks?
- What were the long-term effects of the attacks?

Section 2: Analyzing the Aftermath

Topic 1: Changes in American Society
- How did the attacks change American society?
- What were some of the changes that occurred after 9/11?
- How did the attacks impact the relationship between the United States and other countries?

Topic 2: The War on Terror
- What was the War on Terror?
- How did the United States respond to the attacks?
- What were some of the key actions taken during the War on Terror?

Section 3: Reflecting on National Security

Topic 1: The Importance of National Security
- What is national security?
- Why is national security important?
- How has the concept of national security changed since 9/11?

Topic 2: Critical Thinking and National Security
- What is critical thinking?
- How can critical thinking be applied to understand national security issues?
- What are some common mistakes people make when thinking about national security?

Glossary:
- National Security: The protection of a nation's interests, including its citizens, economy, and institutions, from external threats.
- Terrorism: The use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims.
- War on Terror: A military campaign led by the United States and its allies against terrorist networks and organizations.

Conclusion:
The attacks of 9/11 had a profound impact on American society and our understanding of national security. By examining the events surrounding 9/11 and the aftermath, we can gain a better understanding of how to approach national security issues in the future. By applying critical thinking skills, we can analyze and evaluate the information presented to us, making informed decisions about how to protect ourselves and our country.


text: Calling all Kauai moms! We all know how profoundly pregnancy and birth affect our bodies. Whether you had your baby five months or fifteen years ago, a basic 10 series of Rolfing can help bring you to new levels of comfort, balance, and expansion. As a mother, I have experienced the profound ways Rolfing has supported my body before, during, and after my pregnancy, helping me to carry my baby easily and recover quickly post-partum. Thinking of conceiving? Structural Integration is known to help prepare the body for conception and prevent many common pregnancy related discomforts. I am happy to offer this experience to all, mothers and non-mothers alike, and encourage you to call for a free consultation. Start the New Year with a powerful gift to your Self!

textbook:
Lesson: The Benefits of Rolfing for Mothers

Introduction:
Rolfing, also known as Structural Integration, is a form of physical therapy that focuses on restoring the natural alignment of the body. It is a holistic approach that addresses the body's connective tissues, joints, and muscles to promote overall health and wellness. In this lesson, we will explore the benefits of Rolfing for mothers, both during and after pregnancy.

Section 1: Understanding Rolfing

Topic 1: What is Rolfing?
Rolfing is a form of physical therapy that was developed by Dr. Ida Rolf in the 1970s. It involves a series of hands-on techniques that aim to restore the body's natural alignment and balance. These techniques involve manipulating the soft tissues of the body, including the muscles, tendons, and ligaments, to improve overall function and movement.

Topic 2: How does Rolfing work?
Rolfing works by addressing the body's connective tissues, which are responsible for holding the body together and providing support to the muscles and organs. By restoring the proper alignment of these tissues, Rolfing can help to alleviate pain and discomfort, improve posture, and increase overall flexibility and mobility.

Section 2: The Benefits of Rolfing for Mothers

Topic 3: Preparing for Conception
Rolfing can be beneficial for women who are planning to conceive. By addressing any imbalances in the body, Rolfing can help to create a more conducive environment for conception. This can help to improve fertility rates and reduce the risk of complications during pregnancy.

Topic 4: Easing Pregnancy Symptoms
Many women experience discomfort during pregnancy, including back pain, hip pain, and swelling in the legs. Rolfing can help to alleviate these symptoms by restoring proper alignment and balance in the body. This can help to reduce stress on the body and promote overall comfort throughout the pregnancy.

Topic 5: Recovery After Birth
After giving birth, many women experience discomfort and pain as their bodies return to their pre-pregnancy state. Rolfing can help to speed up the recovery process by addressing any imbalances in the body and promoting overall healing. This can help to reduce the risk of complications and improve overall comfort during the recovery period.

Section 3: Practical Examples

Topic 6: Real-World Examples
One example of how Rolfing can benefit mothers is by addressing diastasis recti, a condition that occurs when the abdominal muscles separate during pregnancy. By restoring proper alignment and strength to the abdominal muscles, Rolfing can help to reduce the appearance of diastasis recti and improve overall core strength.

Another example is how Rolfing can help to alleviate back pain during pregnancy. By addressing any imbalances in the spine and pelvis, Rolfing can help to reduce stress on the lower back and promote overall comfort throughout the pregnancy.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, Rolfing can be a powerful tool for mothers looking to improve their overall health and wellness. By addressing imbalances in the body and promoting proper alignment and balance, Rolfing can help to reduce pain and discomfort during pregnancy, improve fertility rates, and speed up the recovery process after birth. Whether you are planning to conceive or have already given birth, Rolfing can be a valuable addition to your overall health and wellness routine.

Glossary:
- Connective tissues: These are the tissues that hold the body together, including muscles, tendons, and ligaments.
- Diastasis recti: This is a condition that occurs when the abdominal muscles separate during pregnancy.
- Structural Integration: This is another term for Rolfing.


text: :. A departure in style from what is traditionally thought of for Waiheke Chardonnay, this wine is a stand out from the fantastic 2015 vintage. Almond, blood orange, white peach and a struck match type flintiness embellishes the nose. Delicate and juicy acidity forms the building blocks of a charming palate. There is great phenolic texture which gives the wine incredible length and persistence. A memorable wine; we are very proud of it.

textbook:
Title: Introduction to Wine Tasting and Analysis

## Chapter 1: Understanding Wine

In this chapter, we will learn about the basics of wine, including its history, types, and characteristics.

### Section 1.1: What is Wine?
Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from fermented grapes or other fruits. It has been produced for thousands of years and is enjoyed worldwide.

### Section 1.2: Types of Wine
There are several types of wine, including red, white, rosé, and sparkling. Red wine is made from dark-colored grape skins, while white wine is made from the clear juice of grapes with the skins removed. Rosé wine is a blend of red and white wine, and sparkling wine is carbonated.

### Section 1.3: Characteristics of Wine
Wine has many characteristics that can affect its taste, smell, and appearance. These include:

- Acidity: The tartness of the wine, which can range from low to high.
- Alcohol content: The amount of alcohol in the wine, usually measured in percentage.
- Body: The weight or thickness of the wine on the palate, ranging from light to full-bodied.
- Flavor: The taste of the wine, which can range from sweet to bitter.
- Mouthfeel: The way the wine feels in your mouth, including its texture and viscosity.
- Nose: The smell of the wine, which can be fruity, floral, earthy, or woody.
- Tannins: The drying sensation in the mouth caused by certain compounds in wine, which can range from low to high.

### Section 1.4: Wine Tasting
Wine tasting is the process of evaluating wine based on its appearance, aroma, and flavor. Wine experts use specific terms to describe the wine's characteristics. For example, they might describe the color as "ruby red" or "golden," the nose as "fruity" or "earthy," and the flavor as "dry" or "sweet."

### Section 1.5: Wine Analysis
Wine analysis involves measuring the chemical composition of wine to determine its quality and potential. This includes measuring the sugar, acid, and alcohol content, as well as the pH level and presence of any additives.

## Chapter 2: Wine Production
In this chapter, we will learn about the process of making wine, from growing the grapes to bottling the finished product.

### Section 2.1: Growing Grapes
Grapes used for winemaking are typically grown in vineyards, which require careful attention to soil, climate, and pruning techniques. Once the grapes are harvested, they are sorted and crushed to extract their juice.

### Section 2.2: Fermentation
Fermentation is the process of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide. This occurs naturally when yeast is added to the grape juice. During fermentation, the wine's flavor and aroma begin to develop.

### Section 2.3: Aging
After fermentation, the wine is aged in barrels or tanks for a period of time, during which it continues to mature and develop its flavor. The type of wood used for aging can affect the wine's taste and aroma.

### Section 2.4: Blending
Wine can be blended with other wines to improve its flavor, aroma, or color. This is a skill that requires experience and knowledge of different wines.

### Section 2.5: Bottling
Once the wine has reached the desired quality, it is bottled and sealed with a cork or screw cap. The bottle is then stored in a cool, dark place until it is ready to be consumed.

## Chapter 3: Wine Tasting and Analysis
In this chapter, we will learn how to taste and analyze wine, using our senses to evaluate its characteristics.

### Section 3.1: Sight
We can use our eyes to judge the wine's color, clarity, and hue. We might look for ruby red or golden colors, and judge whether the wine is clear or cloudy.

### Section 3.2: Smell
We can use our nose to smell the wine's aroma, which can be fruity, floral, earthy, or woody. We might look for notes of berries, citrus, spices, or oak.

### Section 3.3: Taste
We can use our tongue to taste the wine's flavor, which can range from sweet to bitter. We might look for notes of fruit, spices, tannins, or acidity.

### Section 3.4: Mouthfeel
We can use our mouth to judge the wine's texture and viscosity, which can range from thin to full-bodied. We might look for a creamy or velvety mouthfeel, or a crisp and refreshing taste.

### Section 3.5: Conclusion
By using our senses to taste and analyze wine, we can develop a deeper understanding of its characteristics and quality. This knowledge can help us appreciate wine more fully and make informed decisions when purchasing or serving it.


text: Nerak-Wiese Ltd. NERAK designs, manufactures and installs some of the world’s most advanced Automated Vertical Lifting and Conveying Solutions for both Bulk and Unit Loads.. Working with Brands such as P&G, Mondelez, Royal Mint and XPO Logistics, NERAK has over 50 years experience supplying British and International Markets and has additional sites in Europe and the United States.. Working with Integrators, End Users, 3PLs and Consultants conveying materials through Production, Manufacture and End Of Line Processes like Warehousing, Distribution and Logistics.. The product portfolio includes Bucket Elevators, Pallet Lifts, Spiral Elevators, Single and Multi Reciprocating Hoists, Cage Lifts, Good Lifts and Platform Elevators which are all expertly manufactured using our Rubber Chain Technology.. Whether you are handling small items, trays, cartons, totes, pallets or other solid or bulk materials, we can provide an effective vertical conveying solution tailored to your exact requirements.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Vertical Conveying Solutions

## Chapter 1: What are Vertical Conveying Solutions?

Vertical conveying solutions are systems designed to move materials vertically within a production or storage facility. These systems can be used to transport goods, raw materials, and other items from one level to another efficiently and safely. Vertical conveying solutions are essential in industries that handle bulk materials, such as manufacturing, mining, and agriculture.

## Chapter 2: Types of Vertical Conveying Solutions

There are several types of vertical conveying solutions available, including:

1. Bucket Elevators - These are used to transport bulk materials such as grains, pellets, and powders. They consist of a series of buckets attached to a rotating drum.

2. Pallet Lifts - These are used to lift and move pallets between floors. They can be manual or powered by electricity.

3. Spiral Elevators - These are used to transport goods and materials vertically in a circular path. They are commonly used in warehouses and distribution centers.

4. Single and Multi Reciprocating Hoists - These are used to lift and lower heavy loads, such as machinery or equipment. They can be powered by electricity or hydraulics.

5. Cage Lifts - These are used to transport people and materials between floors in a building. They are commonly found in factories, mines, and other industrial settings.

6. Good Lifts - These are used to transport goods and materials vertically within a production or storage facility. They can be powered by electricity or hydraulics.

## Chapter 3: How do Vertical Conveying Solutions work?

Vertical conveying solutions work by using a combination of mechanical and electrical systems to move materials vertically. The specific design of each system depends on the type of material being conveyed and the desired speed and capacity.

Bucket elevators, for example, use a series of buckets attached to a rotating drum. As the drum rotates, the buckets move along a trough and lift the material upwards. The material is then discharged at the top of the elevator.

Pallet lifts work by using a forklift or other vehicle to lift the pallet and move it between floors. Powered pallet lifts use electricity or hydraulics to lift and lower the pallet automatically.

Spiral elevators use a continuous loop of conveyor belt to transport goods and materials vertically. The belt moves along the spiral path, carrying the load upwards.

Single and multi reciprocating hoists use a hoist mechanism to lift and lower heavy loads. The hoist can be powered by electricity or hydraulics, and can be designed to lift loads of varying weights and sizes.

Cage lifts use a cage or platform to transport people and materials between floors. The cage is equipped with safety features such as doors and guardrails to prevent falls.

Good lifts work similarly to cage lifts, but are designed specifically for moving goods and materials vertically within a production or storage facility.

## Chapter 4: Applications of Vertical Conveying Solutions

Vertical conveying solutions are used in a variety of industries, including manufacturing, mining, agriculture, and construction. They are essential for moving goods, raw materials, and other items within production or storage facilities. Some common applications include:

1. Warehousing and Distribution Centers - Vertical conveying solutions are used to move goods and materials between floors quickly and efficiently.

2. Manufacturing Facilities - Vertical conveying solutions are used to transport raw materials, components, and finished products within the facility.

3. Mining Operations - Vertical conveying solutions are used to transport bulk materials such as ore and coal.

4. Agricultural Facilities - Vertical conveying solutions are used to transport grains, pellets, and other bulk materials within production facilities.

5. Construction Sites - Vertical conveying solutions are used to transport materials and equipment between floors of a building under construction.

## Chapter 5: Advantages and Disadvantages of Vertical Conveying Solutions

Advantages of Vertical Conveying Solutions:

1. Increased Efficiency - Vertical conveying solutions allow for quick and efficient movement of goods and materials within a facility.

2. Reduced Labor Costs - Vertical conveying solutions can replace manual labor, reducing the need for workers to lift and move heavy loads.

3. Improved Safety - Vertical conveying solutions can reduce the risk of injury associated with manual lifting and moving of heavy loads.

Disadvantages of Vertical Conveying Solutions:

1. High Initial Cost - Vertical conveying solutions can be expensive to purchase and install.

2. Maintenance Requirements - Vertical conveying solutions require regular maintenance to ensure they operate safely and efficiently.

3. Limited Capacity - Vertical conveying solutions may have limited capacity, meaning they can only handle a certain amount of material per hour.

## Chapter 6: Glossary

Bulk Materials - Raw materials that are transported in large quantities, such as grains, pellets, and powders.

Conveyor Belt - A continuous loop of material that moves goods and materials along a conveyor.

Hoist - A device used to lift and lower heavy loads.

Pallet - A platform used to transport goods and materials.

Reciprocating Hoist - A hoist that moves in a back-and-forth motion.

Spiral Path - A circular path used to transport goods and materials vertically.

Tote - A container used to transport goods and materials.

Vertical Conveying Solution - A system designed to move materials vertically within a production or storage facility.

## Conclusion:

Vertical conveying solutions are essential for moving goods and materials within production and storage facilities. By understanding the different types of vertical conveying solutions and their applications, individuals can make informed decisions about which solution is best for their specific needs. Additionally, individuals can learn about the advantages and disadvantages of vertical conveying solutions and the importance of regular maintenance.


text: Some Sharjah roundabouts added to Sharjah street and road name list. With common name and official or map name for example Mother Cat roundabout (the big one under construction, how close to being finished is it?), Caterpillar Roundabout, Flying Saucer r/a. In Sharjah, roundabouts are called Squares - there are one or two that sort of look square. Many roundabouts are now traffic signals, some are interchanges (National Paints r/a on Emirates Road for example). Which ones have been missed? Or need correcting?

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Roundabouts in Sharjah

**Introduction:**
Roundabouts are an essential part of the transportation system in Sharjah. They help to control traffic flow, reduce accidents, and improve the overall driving experience. In this lesson, we will learn about the different types of roundabouts in Sharjah, their names, and how they work.

**Section 1: Types of Roundabouts in Sharjah**
There are several types of roundabouts in Sharjah, including:

1. Single-lane roundabouts: These are the simplest type of roundabouts, with only one lane for traffic to circulate around.
2. Multi-lane roundabouts: These have multiple lanes for traffic to use, allowing for faster traffic flow.
3. Signalized roundabouts: These have traffic signals that control the flow of traffic through the roundabout.
4. Graduated roundabouts: These have multiple lanes that merge as you approach the roundabout, reducing the need for sudden lane changes.

**Section 2: Naming Roundabouts in Sharjah**
Roundabouts in Sharjah are named after different things, such as Mother Cat roundabout, Caterpillar Roundabout, Flying Saucer r/a, etc. Some roundabouts have common names, while others have official or map names.

**Section 3: Understanding How Roundabouts Work**
Roundabouts work by controlling the flow of traffic through them. Drivers must yield to traffic already in the roundabout and enter the roundabout when it is safe to do so. Once in the roundabout, drivers must continue to yield to traffic already in the roundabout until they reach their desired exit.

**Section 4: Practical Examples**
Let's consider an example of a roundabout in Sharjah. Suppose we are driving on Emirates Road and approach the National Paints r/a. This is an interchange, meaning it connects two highways (Emirates Road and the road leading to National Paints). As we approach the roundabout, we must slow down and look for signs indicating which lane we should be in to reach our desired exit. Once in the roundabout, we must yield to traffic already in the roundabout and continue to do so until we reach our exit.

**Glossary:**
- Roundabout: A type of intersection where traffic flows in a circular pattern around a central island.
- Lane: A narrow strip of road that vehicles are required to use while driving.
- Yield: To slow down or stop to allow other vehicles to pass.

**Conclusion:**
In conclusion, understanding roundabouts in Sharjah is essential for safe and efficient driving. By knowing the different types of roundabouts, their names, and how they work, we can navigate them with ease. By considering practical examples, we can apply these skills to new scenarios.


text: We believe that healthcare is a basic human right, and we are preparing students to become outspoken advocates for health equity through education, research, policy work, and outreach. ». Join Paola Martinez Parente Beristain for a day at NYU Washington, DC—where internships give students both course credit and life experience. ». At the Division of Applied Undergraduate Study (DAUS) at NYU’s School of Professional Studies, students can study when and how it suits them best. ». Professor Anna Greenspan shares her fascination with the city and its changing technology ». Harrison Li talks NYU Tisch, life in New York City, and winning an Oscar and Grammy (someday). ». Victor Okoth dreams of uniting Africa with a single passport ». Matías Alvial’s experimental work shows a keen eye for color and content »

textbook:
Lesson Title: Healthcare as a Basic Human Right

Introduction:
Healthcare is an essential aspect of human life. It is a fundamental right that every individual should have access to quality healthcare services. In this lesson, we will explore why healthcare is considered a basic human right and the importance of advocating for health equity.

Core Value:
Our core value is that healthcare is a basic human right. We believe that every individual should have access to quality healthcare services, regardless of their socio-economic status, race, or background.

Section 1: Why is Healthcare Considered a Basic Human Right?

Topic 1: Definition of a Basic Human Right
A basic human right is a privilege or advantage that is considered to be due to every person. Healthcare is considered a basic human right because it is essential for maintaining physical, mental, and social well-being.

Topic 2: Importance of Healthcare
Healthcare is crucial because it prevents and treats diseases, promotes healthy lifestyles, and improves the overall quality of life. Access to quality healthcare services should be available to everyone, regardless of their financial status or where they live.

Topic 3: Examples of Healthcare as a Basic Human Right
Examples of healthcare as a basic human right include access to clean water, sanitation, and nutritious food. These are all essential components of a healthy lifestyle and should be available to everyone.

Section 2: Advocating for Health Equity

Topic 1: What is Health Equity?
Health equity refers to the fair distribution of healthcare services and resources to ensure that everyone has access to quality care. It means that everyone should have an equal opportunity to attain their highest possible level of health.

Topic 2: Why is Advocating for Health Equity Important?
Advocating for health equity is essential because it ensures that everyone has access to quality healthcare services, regardless of their background or socio-economic status. It also helps to reduce health disparities and improve overall public health.

Topic 3: How Can You Advocate for Health Equity?
You can advocate for health equity by supporting policies that promote equal access to healthcare services, raising awareness about health disparities, and volunteering at community health clinics.

Section 3: Conclusion

In conclusion, healthcare is a basic human right that should be accessible to everyone. Advocating for health equity is essential to ensure that everyone has access to quality healthcare services. By understanding the importance of healthcare as a basic human right, we can work towards creating a more equitable and just society.


text: In the late 80s, Detroit rap pioneer Awesome Dré (Hard Core Committee) was among the first to stomp onto the national scene by signing to Priority Records. With his mix of political and hardcore he provided a unique perspective and voice during the height of hip-hop’s golden era. A voice that would not shy away from controversy, asserting Detroit’s place in hip-hop by challenging New York legends Kool Moe Dee and LL Cool J.. Highly regarded as a top hip-hop lyricist, Awesome Dré has been putting out work for over 30 years. His debut album, You Can’t Hold Me Back, is considered by many to be a classic. For the first time since 1989 that Billboard charting debut gets a physical release on vinyl by blocGLOBAL label blocSonic!

textbook:
Lesson Title: The History of Hip Hop and the Rise of Awesome Dré

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will explore the history of hip hop and the rise of Awesome Dré, a Detroit rap pioneer who played a significant role in the golden era of hip hop. We will learn about his unique perspective and voice, which challenged New York legends and asserted Detroit's place in hip hop. By the end of this lesson, you will understand the importance of Awesome Dré's contributions to the hip hop industry and how his work has influenced the genre today.

Section 1: The History of Hip Hop
- What is hip hop?
- When and where was hip hop created?
- Who were the early pioneers of hip hop?
- How did hip hop evolve over time?

Section 2: Awesome Dré's Contributions to Hip Hop
- Who is Awesome Dré?
- What was his unique perspective and voice in hip hop?
- How did he challenge New York legends?
- What were his most notable works?

Section 3: The Legacy of Awesome Dré
- How has Awesome Dré influenced the hip hop industry?
- What impact did his work have on the golden era of hip hop?
- How has his legacy continued to inspire new generations of hip hop artists?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, Awesome Dré played a significant role in the history of hip hop, contributing to its evolution and asserting Detroit's place in the industry. His unique perspective and voice challenged New York legends and inspired new generations of hip hop artists. By studying his work, we can gain a deeper understanding of the history and legacy of hip hop and appreciate the contributions of those who have made it what it is today.

Glossary:
- Hip hop: A genre of music that originated in African American and Latino communities in the United States in the 1970s. It consists of four elements: rapping (or MCing), DJing, breakdancing, and graffiti art.
- Golden era of hip hop: A period in the late 1980s and early 1990s when hip hop was at its peak popularity and creativity.
- Pioneer: A person who is one of the first to do something or to explore a new area.
- Perspective: A particular attitude or viewpoint from which something is observed or understood.
- Voice: The sound produced by a person's vocal organs, especially when speaking or singing.


text: Dolce Lunch Menu. Dolce provide lunches for the school. They are cooked offsite and delivered to the school daily. Menus are changed 3 times a year. All meals should be ordered online at. Meals can be ordered up to 8.55am on the day from home or 9.30am in school. The cost of a school meal is rising to £2.35 from 19th April, however all infant school children are currently entitled to a free meal. You will still need to create an online account to order your child’s meal even though you don’t have to pay for it. If your child has any special dietary requirements you need to update your school grid account with the relevant information. Your child doesn’t have to have a school lunch and can bring in a packed lunch instead.. Please see the parent information and the current menu attached..

textbook:
Lesson: Ordering School Lunches

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about ordering school lunches. We will cover topics such as the process of ordering lunches, the cost of school meals, and special dietary requirements.

Section 1: Ordering School Lunches

Topic 1: How to Order School Lunches
- Dolce provides lunches for the school.
- Menus are changed three times a year.
- Meals can be ordered online at the school's website.
- Meals can be ordered up to 8.55 am on the day from home or 9.30 am in school.
- You will need to create an online account to order your child's meal even if they are entitled to a free meal.
- If your child has any special dietary requirements, you need to update your school grid account with the relevant information.

Topic 2: The Cost of School Meals
- The cost of a school meal is rising to £2.35 from 19th April.
- All infant school children are currently entitled to a free meal.
- You will still need to create an online account to order your child's meal even if they are entitled to a free meal.

Section 2: Special Dietary Requirements

Topic 1: What are Special Dietary Requirements?
- Special dietary requirements refer to specific needs that a person may have when it comes to food.
- These needs can be due to allergies, intolerances, or other medical conditions.

Topic 2: How to Inform the School of Special Dietary Requirements
- If your child has any special dietary requirements, you need to update your school grid account with the relevant information.
- This will ensure that the school can provide your child with a meal that is safe and suitable for their needs.

Section 3: Practical Examples

Topic 1: Real-World Scenario
- Imagine that your child has a nut allergy.
- You would need to inform the school of this allergy so that they can take appropriate precautions when preparing and serving meals.

Topic 2: Mathematical Abstraction
- Let's say that the cost of a school meal increases by 10p.
- This means that parents will now have to pay an extra 10p per meal.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about ordering school lunches, the cost of school meals, and special dietary requirements. We also explored practical examples using mathematical abstractions and real-world scenarios. By understanding these concepts, we can better navigate the process of ordering school lunches and ensure that our children receive meals that meet their needs.

Glossary:
- Online account: A digital record of information that is accessed through the internet.
- School grid: A system used by schools to manage student data, including dietary requirements.


text: Today we held an excellent webinar with RefinedWiki, Atlassian partner and Bronze sponsor of Atlassian Summit 2010.. RefinedWiki Original Theme is a plugin for Confluence that provides a whole new interface for the wiki. It increases the usability of Confluence with improved navigation and features which allows customized dashboards and space layouts with wiki markup. Content can also be added into categories and subcategories for ease of navigation.. RefinedWiki has made numerous appearances on our blogs in recent months. Jessie Curtner, who runs Atlassian events, was quite pleased to get help from RefinedWiki to make the User Group space a lot nicer to look at. Matt Hodges, Product Marketing Specialist for Confluence, wrote blogs about them entitled ‘Skin your wiki‘ and ‘Turn Your Wiki into an Intrantet with RefinedWiki.’. This would be a great video to watch if you are interested in customizing the way Confluence looks:<<

textbook:
Lesson: Customizing Confluence with RefinedWiki

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to customize Confluence with RefinedWiki, a plugin that provides a new interface for the wiki. We will cover the following topics:

I. Overview of RefinedWiki
II. Installing and Configuring RefinedWiki
III. Customizing Space Layouts and Navigation
IV. Adding Content to Categories and Subcategories
V. Practical Examples and Real-World Scenarios
VI. Glossary
VII. Conclusion

I. Overview of RefinedWiki
RefinedWiki is a plugin for Confluence that provides a new interface for the wiki. It increases the usability of Confluence with improved navigation and features which allows customized dashboards and space layouts with wiki markup. Content can also be added into categories and subcategories for ease of navigation.

II. Installing and Configuring RefinedWiki
To install RefinedWiki, follow these steps:
1. Go to the Atlassian Marketplace and search for "RefinedWiki."
2. Click on the "Get" button next to RefinedWiki.
3. Follow the installation instructions.
4. Once installed, navigate to "General Configuration" in the Confluence admin console.
5. Scroll down to the "RefinedWiki" section and configure the options as desired.

III. Customizing Space Layouts and Navigation
With RefinedWiki, you can customize the layout of your Confluence spaces and improve navigation. To do this, follow these steps:
1. Navigate to the "Space Tools" section in the Confluence admin console.
2. Select the space you want to customize.
3. Click on the "Layout" tab.
4. Choose a layout from the available options.
5. Customize the navigation menu by adding or removing links.

IV. Adding Content to Categories and Subcategories
To add content to categories and subcategories, follow these steps:
1. Create a category in the Confluence admin console.
2. Add pages to the category.
3. Create subcategories as needed.
4. Move pages to the appropriate subcategories.

V. Practical Examples and Real-World Scenarios
Here are some practical examples and real-world scenarios where RefinedWiki can be used:
1. A company uses RefinedWiki to create a knowledge base for their employees.
2. A school uses RefinedWiki to organize course materials and resources for students.
3. A non-profit organization uses RefinedWiki to manage their projects and volunteers.

Glossary:
- Confluence: a team collaboration software product by Atlassian.
- RefinedWiki: a plugin for Confluence that provides a new interface for the wiki.
- Interface: a graphical interface that enables interaction with a device or application.
- Usability: the degree to which a product, device or application is easy to use and learn.
- Dashboard: a user interface that displays real-time information updates.
- Wiki markup: a lightweight markup language used to format text on a wiki page.
- Category: a collection of related items or concepts.
- Subcategory: a subset of a category.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned how to customize Confluence with RefinedWiki, a plugin that provides a new interface for the wiki. We covered installing and configuring RefinedWiki, customizing space layouts and navigation, adding content to categories and subcategories, and provided practical examples and real-world scenarios. By applying these skills, we can improve the usability of Confluence and make it easier to manage and share information.


text: Residential. - 4 beds. - 3 baths. - $1,950 price. - 14194146 mls id. - Square Feet: 1,887 sqft. - Year Built: 2000. Description. Beautiful 2 story, 4 bedroom home in Little Elm. Zoned to Frisco ISD. Tons of upgrades including granite countertops and wood floors. Refrigerator included in lease.. Commute. Related Listings. Residential. 17 Pictures. Beautiful Lennar home with four bedrooms and three full baths. Master and one additional bedroom are downstairs. There are two living areas with one upstairs. The beautiful entry has soaring ceilings in large living area with a gas log fireplace. The kitchen is open to the living area and has a.... MLS ID 14217508. 2432 Evening Stone Drive Little Elm, TX. 4 beds, 3 baths, 2,184 sqft, $1,885. Save this listing. Unsave Listing. Courtesy of: Better Homes and Gardens Real Estate Winans. Office Phone: +19727749888. Listing Agent: Tanya Lugones. Updated: 28th March, 2020 12:22 PM.

textbook:
Lesson: Real Estate Listing Analysis

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to analyze a real estate listing and determine if it is a good investment opportunity. We will cover the following sections:

Section 1: Understanding the Basics

Question: What are the key features of this property?
Answer: This property has 4 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms, and is priced at $1,950. It has a square footage of 1,887 sqft and was built in 2000.

Question: Which school district is this property zoned to?
Answer: This property is zoned to Frisco ISD.

Question: What are some of the upgrades included in this property?
Answer: Some of the upgrades include granite countertops and wood floors.

Section 2: Analyzing the Details

Question: What is the MLS ID for this property?
Answer: The MLS ID for this property is 14194146.

Question: How many pictures are included in the listing?
Answer: There are 17 pictures included in the listing.

Question: What is the size of the living area?
Answer: The beautiful entry has soaring ceilings in a large living area with a gas log fireplace.

Question: What is the size of the kitchen?
Answer: The kitchen is open to the living area and has a gas log fireplace.

Section 3: Comparing the Value

Question: How does the price of this property compare to similar properties in the area?
Answer: To determine the value of this property, we would need to compare it to similar properties in the area. This can be done by looking at recent sales data and comparing the square footage, location, and amenities of the properties.

Question: What is the estimated annual property tax for this property?
Answer: To estimate the annual property tax for this property, we would need to look up the tax rate for the county and use the assessed value of the property. This information can usually be found on the county's website.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned how to analyze a real estate listing and determine if it is a good investment opportunity. By understanding the basics, analyzing the details, and comparing the value, we can make an informed decision about whether or not this property is a good investment.


text: Suzuki Philippines and oil company Total Philippines have teamed up to bring a raffle promo that should excite subcompact-car shoppers. Running until July 15, the promo gives customers of participating Total stations a chance to win a brand-new unit of the Suzuki Ciaz.. For every P500 fuel purchase, a customer is entitled to one raffle coupon. Three lucky winners will be selected to each bring home a Suzuki Ciaz GLX AT worth P888,000.. "Suzuki has established its reputation for quality, versatility and innovation, and has created a heritage of trust and reliability," said Suzuki Philippines general manager for automobiles Shuzo Hoshikura. "Partnering with Total will help us bring the brand closer to its customers, and let those customers experience one of our best-in-class vehicles, the all-new Ciaz.". The Ciaz is powered by the same 1.4-liter engine found under the hood of the Swift 1.4 and the Ertiga. You dig the car? Try your luck and you might not need to shell out P888,000 for a brand-new unit.

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Brand Partnerships in Business

Introduction: In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of brand partnerships in business. We will explore why companies partner with other brands, the benefits of these partnerships, and how they can help businesses grow.

Section 1: Why Do Companies Partner With Other Brands?

Topic 1: Strategic Alliances
- Companies often partner with other brands to form strategic alliances that benefit both parties. These alliances can lead to increased market share, improved products or services, and cost savings.
- For example, Suzuki Philippines partnered with Total Philippines to offer a raffle promo that gave customers a chance to win a brand-new Suzuki Ciaz. This partnership helped both companies reach new customers and increase their brand awareness.

Topic 2: Synergy
- Another reason companies partner with other brands is to create synergy. By combining resources, expertise, and products, two or more companies can achieve more than they could individually.
- For instance, Suzuki and Total's partnership allowed them to leverage each other's strengths. Total provided fuel, while Suzuki offered the prize car. Together, they were able to create a promotion that attracted customers and boosted sales.

Section 2: Benefits of Brand Partnerships

Topic 1: Increased Market Share
- One of the biggest benefits of brand partnerships is an increase in market share. When two or more companies work together, they can reach a wider audience and gain more customers.
- In the case of Suzuki and Total, their partnership allowed them to reach more people and increase their visibility in the market.

Topic 2: Improved Products or Services
- Another benefit of brand partnerships is the opportunity to improve products or services. By collaborating with another company, a business can gain access to new technologies, resources, or expertise that can enhance their offerings.
- Suzuki and Total's partnership did not involve improving products or services directly, but it did allow Suzuki to showcase their Ciaz model and give customers a chance to experience it firsthand.

Topic 3: Cost Savings
- Brand partnerships can also lead to cost savings for companies. By working together, businesses can share resources, reduce expenses, and save money.
- For example, Suzuki and Total likely saved on advertising costs by partnering to promote the raffle promo. Instead of each company running separate ad campaigns, they could pool their resources and reach more people with a single promotion.

Section 3: How Brand Partnerships Can Help Businesses Grow

Topic 1: Increased Brand Awareness
- One way brand partnerships can help businesses grow is by increasing brand awareness. When two well-known companies collaborate, it can generate buzz and attract new customers.
- Suzuki and Total's partnership certainly increased awareness of both brands, as customers were drawn to the opportunity to win a brand-new car.

Topic 2: Improved Reputation
- Another way brand partnerships can help businesses grow is by improving their reputation. When two respected companies work together, it can enhance the image of both parties and build trust with customers.
- In this case, Suzuki's partnership with Total likely improved both brands' reputations among potential customers.

Topic 3: Expanded Customer Base
- Finally, brand partnerships can help businesses grow by expanding their customer base. By reaching out to new audiences, companies can attract more customers and increase their sales.
- Suzuki and Total's partnership allowed them to reach customers who may not have been aware of their brands otherwise. This expanded their customer base and could lead to long-term growth.

Conclusion: Brand partnerships are an important tool for businesses looking to grow and succeed in today's competitive market. By collaborating with other brands, companies can increase market share, improve products or services, save costs, and attract new customers. Whether you're a small business or a large corporation, partnering with other brands can help you achieve your goals and take your company to the next level.


text: “Emile Gallé: Collecting Nature”. Pola Museum of Art. This event has ended.. New Art or Art Nouveau came into vogue in 19th century France. Glass artist Emile Gallé was one of the leaders of this movement that emphasized curved lines inspired by the shapes and forms of plants. The forest with its many plants and insects and the sea with its many creatures had a great effect on the works of Gallé. This exhibition will showcase Gallé’s works from both early and late in his career, highlighting “nature”, both the “forest” and the “sea”, as sources of artistic expression.. Media. Discount Available. Download the MuPon app for iPhone to get a discount on entry to this event and dozens more.. >> Find out more & download. Schedule. from March 17, 2018 to July 16, 2018

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Art Nouveau

## Section 1: What is Art Nouveau?
Art Nouveau is an artistic style that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is characterized by its use of organic forms and curves, often inspired by nature. This style was popular in many areas of art, including architecture, graphic arts, and decorative arts.

## Section 2: Emile Gallé and his work
Emile Gallé was a French glass artist who was one of the leaders of the Art Nouveau movement. He was known for his intricate and beautiful glasswork, which often featured plant and insect motifs. Gallé's work can be seen as a celebration of nature, as he was inspired by the forest and the sea.

## Section 3: The influence of nature in Art Nouveau
Nature was a major inspiration for Art Nouveau artists, including Emile Gallé. They were drawn to the curves and shapes found in plants and animals, and sought to capture their essence in their work. This can be seen in the use of organic forms and curves in Art Nouveau designs, which often feature flowers, leaves, and other natural elements.

## Section 4: Practical Examples
One example of Art Nouveau design can be found in the work of Alphonse Mucha, a Czech artist who created posters and advertisements in the style. His posters often featured women with flowing hair and dresses, set against intricate backgrounds filled with flowers and other natural elements.

Another example can be found in the work of Louis Comfort Tiffany, an American artist who worked in stained glass. His windows often featured intricate designs inspired by nature, with curves and curves reminiscent of plant forms.

## Section 5: Conclusion
In this lesson, we have learned about Art Nouveau, a style of art that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. We also learned about Emile Gallé, a French glass artist who was one of the leaders of the movement, and his work, which often featured plant and insect motifs. Finally, we explored the influence of nature in Art Nouveau and saw examples of the style in practice.

By studying Art Nouveau, we can gain a better understanding of the beauty and complexity of nature, as well as the creativity and skill of artists who have been inspired by it. Through this lesson, we have learned to appreciate the intricate details and curves found in Art Nouveau designs, and we can apply this appreciation to new problems and challenges in our own lives.


text:
Two types of glass strengthening (tempering) are known in the art. The most popular is thermal tempering, which involves heat and quenching. The heat treatment used in thermal tempering is typically over 580 degrees C., and mostly over 600 degrees C. The second type of glass strengthening is known as chemical strengthening (or chemical tempering).
Chemically strengthened glass is a type of glass that has increased strength as a result of a chemical process that is performed after the base glass is made. When broken, it still shatters in long pointed splinters. For this reason, it is often laminated when used in safety glass applications. However, chemically strengthened glass is typically much stronger (e.g., six to eight times stronger) than non-chemically strengthened float glass. The chemical strengthening process by an ion-exchange is often a process by which the metal ions (for example, Na ions) having a smaller radius contained in glass are replaced by ions (for example K ions) having a larger radius contained in the glass to generate a compressive stress layer on a glass surface, and improve the glass strength. A chemical strengthening method is to replace alkali metal ions (typically Li ions and/or Na ions) having a smaller ion radius existing on the glass plate surface with alkali ions (e.g., Na ions and/or K ions for Li ions, or K ions for Na ions) having a larger ion radius by ion exchange at temperatures lower than or equal to a glass transition point. Example chemical strengthening processes are described in, for example and without limitation, U.S. Patent Document Nos. 2014/0302330, 2013/0101798, and application Ser. No. 13/137,696. the disclosures of which are all incorporated herein by reference.
The glass is typically chemically strengthened by a surface finishing process. For instance, glass may be submersed in a bath containing a potassium salt (typically potassium nitrate) at a high temperature such as around 300° C. This causes sodium ions in the glass surface to be replaced by potassium ions from the bath solution. These potassium ions are larger than the sodium ions and therefore wedge into the gaps left by the smaller sodium ions when they migrate to the potassium nitrate solution. This replacement of ions causes the surface of the glass to be in a state of compression and the core in compensating tension.
Another example chemical strengthening process is a multi-stage process in which the glass is first immersed in a sodium nitrate bath at a high temperature such as around 430-450° C., which enriches the surface with sodium ions. This leaves more sodium ions on the glass for the immersion in potassium nitrate to replace with potassium ions. In this way, the use of a sodium nitrate bath increases the potential for surface compression in the finished article. In any event, chemical strengthening results in a strengthening similar to toughened glass. However, the process does not use extreme variations of temperature (e.g., temperatures over 580 or 600 degrees C. are not needed) and therefore chemically strengthened glass has little or no bow or warp, optical distortion or strain pattern.
Conventional float glass often has a composition as follows,
Ingredientwt. %SiO271.18%A12O31.02%Na2O13.52%K2O0.24%CaO8.76%MgO3.99%Fe2O3 (total iron)0.09%SO30.20%
This conventional float glass, before any chemical strengthening, has a strain temperature (log η=14.5) of 519 degrees C., a cool time (secs) of 100.99, a USPXXIII (ml) of 6.14, a glass molar volume (cm3) of 23.67, a Young's modulus (GPa) of 72.2, a shear modulus (GPa) of 29.6, a non-bridging oxygen (NBO) of 17.81, and a %NBO of 29.54.
Unfortunately, it has been found that the above-identified conventional float glass compositions is not well suited for chemical strengthening. Following chemical strengthening, the “depth of layer” in the glass indicates the depth of the compressive stress layer in the glass after the ion exchange of the chemical tempering process. The deeper the layer, the stronger the glass. Thus, a higher “depth of layer” is desirable following chemical strengthening because it provides for better impact resistance and better scratch resistance in chemically strengthened glass (compared to a thinner layer). The “depth of layer” for the above-identified conventional float glass following chemical strengthening is undesirably small/thin, and thus does not provide for a high degree of impact and scratch resistance which may be desirable in certain instances. For example, following a four hour ion-exchange chemical strengthening process at 435 degrees C. which resulted in maximum compressive stress (MPa) of 710.6 MPa, the “depth of layer” of the above-identified conventional float glass was only 10.5 μm. This thickness of the compressive stress layer (“depth of layer”) is undesirable low/thin.
In view of the above, it is apparent that there exists a need in the art for a glass composition which may achieve a larger (deeper) “depth of layer” upon chemical strengthening, and thus improved impact and/or scratch resistance.

textbook:
Lesson Title: Glass Strengthening Methods

Introduction:
Glass strengthening methods are essential techniques used to increase the durability and resistance of glass. In this lesson, we will learn about two common glass strengthening methods: thermal tempering and chemical strengthening. We will also explore the differences between these methods and their applications in various industries.

Section 1: Thermal Tempering

Thermal tempering is the most popular glass strengthening method. It involves heating the glass to a high temperature, usually above 580°C and sometimes above 600°C. The heat treatment increases the glass's brittleness, making it more resistant to breakage.

Questions and Answers:
1. What is thermal tempering?
2. Why is thermal tempering the most popular glass strengthening method?
3. What is the temperature range for thermal tempering?
4. How does thermal tempering increase the glass's brittleness?

Discussion:
Thermal tempering works by altering the glass's molecular structure, making it more resistant to breakage. This method is commonly used in the manufacturing of automotive glass, architectural glass, and other industries where safety is a concern.

Section 2: Chemical Strengthening

Chemical strengthening, also known as chemical tempering, is another glass strengthening method. It involves immersing the glass in a chemical solution that reacts with the glass's surface, creating a compressive stress layer. This layer increases the glass's strength and resistance to breakage.

Questions and Answers:
1. What is chemical strengthening?
2. How does chemical strengthening increase the glass's strength?
3. What is the chemical solution used in chemical strengthening?

Discussion:
Chemical strengthening is often used in the manufacturing of high-strength glass, such as that used in smartphones and other electronic devices. The process creates a compressive stress layer on the glass surface, making it more resistant to breakage.

Section 3: Comparing Thermal Tempering and Chemical Strengthening

While both thermal tempering and chemical strengthening increase the glass's strength and durability, they differ in their methods and applications.

Questions and Answers:
1. How do thermal tempering and chemical strengthening differ?
2. What are the advantages of each method?
3. What are the applications of each method?

Discussion:
Thermal tempering is generally preferred for its ease of use and cost-effectiveness. However, chemical strengthening can create a more robust glass surface, making it ideal for high-strength applications.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, understanding glass strengthening methods is essential for various industries that rely on the durability and resistance of glass. By learning about thermal tempering and chemical strengthening, we can appreciate the importance of these techniques in ensuring the safety and reliability of glass products.

Glossary:
- Glass strengthening: A process that increases the glass's strength and resistance to breakage.
- Tempering: A heat treatment that increases the glass's brittleness.
- Chemical strengthening: A process that involves immersing the glass in a chemical solution to create a compressive stress layer.
- Compressive stress layer: A layer on the glass surface that increases its strength and resistance to breakage.


text: Corneal Scraping for Corneal Ulcers. Indications. Suspicion for an infectious corneal ulcer, most commonly in eyes with a history of contact lens wear, trauma or prior corneal surgery or disease. The results of these tests are often helpful in selecting and modifying the medications to best treat the infection.. Procedure. Multiple samples are obtained from the area of suspected infection and sent directly to the microbiology lab and pathology lab, when indicated. It is an in-office procedure that requires topical anesthesia.

textbook:
Lesson: Corneal Scraping for Corneal Ulcers

**Introduction**

In this lesson, we will learn about corneal scraping, a medical procedure used to diagnose and treat corneal ulcers. We will cover the indications, procedure, and results of corneal scraping, as well as discuss the importance of this procedure in identifying and treating infectious corneal ulcers.

**Section 1: Indications and Procedure**

**Indications**

Corneal scraping is typically performed when there is suspicion of an infectious corneal ulcer. This can occur in eyes with a history of contact lens wear, trauma, or prior corneal surgery or disease. The results of these tests are often helpful in selecting and modifying the medications to best treat the infection.

**Procedure**

Corneal scraping is an in-office procedure that requires topical anesthesia. Multiple samples are obtained from the area of suspected infection and sent directly to the microbiology lab and pathology lab, when indicated. The procedure involves using a small, blunt instrument called a trephine to remove a small sample of tissue from the cornea. This sample is then examined under a microscope to identify any abnormalities, such as the presence of bacteria, fungi, or viruses.

**Section 2: Results and Interpretation**

The results of corneal scraping can provide valuable information about the cause of the corneal ulcer and help guide treatment. For example, if the sample shows the presence of bacteria, antibiotics may be prescribed to treat the infection. If the sample shows the presence of fungi, anti-fungal medications may be prescribed. In some cases, the results may show that no infection is present, which could indicate that the ulcer is caused by other factors, such as a foreign body or injury.

**Section 3: Importance and Applications**

Corneal scraping is an important diagnostic tool for identifying and treating corneal ulcers. It can help determine the cause of the ulcer and guide treatment, which can ultimately improve patient outcomes. Additionally, corneal scraping can help prevent the spread of infection to other parts of the eye or body.

**Conclusion**

In this lesson, we learned about corneal scraping, a medical procedure used to diagnose and treat corneal ulcers. We covered the indications, procedure, and results of corneal scraping, as well as discussed the importance of this procedure in identifying and treating infectious corneal ulcers. By understanding the importance of corneal scraping, we can better appreciate its applications in diagnosing and treating corneal ulcers and improving patient outcomes.

**Glossary**

- **Corneal ulcer:** An open sore on the cornea, which is the clear outer layer at the front of the eye.
- **Microbiology lab:** A laboratory that studies living organisms and their interactions with the environment.
- **Pathology lab:** A laboratory that examines tissues, fluids, and organs to diagnose diseases.
- **Trephine:** A small, blunt instrument used to remove a sample of tissue from the cornea during corneal scraping.
- **Topical anesthesia:** A local anesthetic applied to the surface of the eye to numb the area during the corneal scraping procedure.


text: This mountain top retreat is very special and a one of kind location. 15 acres, end of the road, with fantastic Hayden Lake views. Custom built 5700+ sq. ft. home with indoor lap pool, vaulted ceilings, beautiful kitchen and family areas. Large spacious deck with hot tub.. Listing courtesy of Century 21 Beutler & Associates.

textbook:
Lesson: Real Estate Investment
Introduction: Real estate investment is the process of purchasing property with the goal of earning a return on that investment. This can take many forms, including rental income, appreciation, or development opportunities. In this lesson, we will explore the basics of real estate investment and how it can be a valuable addition to your financial portfolio.
Section 1: Understanding Real Estate Investment
Topic 1: Types of Real Estate Investments
- There are several types of real estate investments, including residential, commercial, industrial, and land. Each type has its own unique characteristics and risks.
- Residential real estate includes single-family homes, townhouses, condos, and multi-family properties. These are typically bought as a primary residence or rental property.
- Commercial real estate includes office buildings, retail spaces, warehouses, and other types of buildings used for business purposes.
- Industrial real estate includes factories, warehouses, and other types of buildings used for manufacturing or distribution.
- Land can be purchased for development or investment purposes. It can be used for residential, commercial, or industrial purposes.
Topic 2: How to Evaluate a Real Estate Investment
- Before investing in real estate, it’s important to evaluate the potential return on investment. This includes analyzing the property’s location, market demand, and potential rental income.
- You should also consider the property’s current market value and any potential for appreciation.
- Additionally, you should evaluate the property’s operating expenses, including taxes, insurance, and maintenance costs.
Topic 3: Risks of Real Estate Investment
- Real estate investment comes with risks, including market fluctuations, vacancy rates, and maintenance costs.
- It’s important to carefully evaluate these risks before investing in real estate.
Section 2: Analyzing a Real Estate Investment Opportunity
Topic 1: Calculating Cash Flow
- Cash flow is the money left over after all expenses have been paid. To calculate cash flow, subtract all expenses from the monthly rent income.
- Expenses include mortgage payments, property taxes, insurance, maintenance, and other costs associated with owning a rental property.
Topic 2: Determining Market Value
- Market value is the price that a buyer is willing to pay for a property. To determine market value, you can use comparable sales data, recent sales prices, and other factors.
- It’s important to carefully analyze the market value of a property before investing in it.
Topic 3: Analyzing Rental Demand
- Rental demand is an important factor to consider when evaluating a real estate investment opportunity. To analyze rental demand, you can look at population growth, job growth, and other economic indicators.
- Additionally, you can analyze the supply and demand for rental properties in the area.
Section 3: Building Wealth Through Real Estate Investment
Topic 1: Long-Term Strategies
- One of the best ways to build wealth through real estate investment is through long-term strategies. This includes holding onto properties for several years and allowing them to appreciate in value.
- Additionally, you can use leverage to purchase properties with minimal down payments and earn returns on the difference between the mortgage and the property’s value.
Topic 2: Short-Term Strategies
- Another way to build wealth through real estate investment is through short-term strategies. This includes flipping properties for a profit, or purchasing properties at a discount and selling them for a profit.
- Additionally, you can use short-term rentals to generate income and build equity.
Conclusion: Real estate investment can be a valuable addition to your financial portfolio. By carefully evaluating opportunities and understanding the risks, you can build wealth through real estate investment. By following the strategies outlined in this lesson, you can successfully invest in real estate and achieve your financial goals.
Glossary:
- Real Estate Investment: The process of purchasing property with the goal of earning a return on that investment.
- Cash Flow: The money left over after all expenses have been paid.
- Market Value: The price that a buyer is willing to pay for a property.
- Rental Demand: The amount of demand for rental properties in an area.
- Leverage: The use of borrowed money to purchase an asset.


text: Chris is Graphics Supervisor at Nvizible and works collaboratively with clients to aid storytelling through design.. Before joining the Nvizible team Chris worked for ten years as a graphic designer on various films, TV shows and commercials, working with Production Designers and Directors to create branding, props and visuals before gradually moving into motion design and post production. In 2014 Chris designed the promotional artwork and stage animations for Eddie Izzard’s endless ‘Force Majeure’ World Tour.. Since joining the team Chris has created designs for projects including Captain Phillips, Edge of Tomorrow, Jason Bourne and Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them.. Copyright © 2018 nvizible.com All rights reserved. nvizible ltd is a private limited company, registered in England and Wales. No. 06900121

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Graphic Design

**Objective:** To introduce students to the basics of graphic design and its applications in various industries.

**Section 1: What is Graphic Design?**

Graphic design is the process of creating visual content to communicate information or ideas. It involves the use of typography, color, images, and layout to create visual compositions. Graphic design is used in various industries such as advertising, publishing, packaging, and web design.

**Section 2: Types of Graphic Design**

There are several types of graphic design, including:

1. Advertising: This type of design is used to create advertisements for products or services.
2. Branding: This involves creating a unique identity for a company or product through logos, packaging, and other visual elements.
3. Editorial: This type of design is used in magazines, newspapers, and books to create visually appealing layouts.
4. Web design: This involves designing websites that are user-friendly and visually appealing.
5. Motion graphics: This type of design involves creating visual effects and animations for movies, TV shows, and commercials.

**Section 3: Skills Required for Graphic Design**

To become a successful graphic designer, one needs to possess several skills, including:

1. Creative thinking: This involves coming up with innovative ideas and concepts.
2. Communication skills: A graphic designer must be able to communicate their ideas effectively to clients or colleagues.
3. Technical skills: Knowledge of software such as Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign is essential.
4. Time management: A graphic designer must be able to work efficiently and meet deadlines.
5. Attention to detail: This involves ensuring that all design elements are accurate and consistent.

**Section 4: Applications of Graphic Design**

Graphic design is used in various industries, including:

1. Advertising: Graphic design is used to create visually appealing ads that capture the attention of consumers.
2. Publishing: Book covers, magazines, and newspapers all require graphic design to make them visually appealing.
3. Packaging: Companies use graphic design to create unique and eye-catching packaging for their products.
4. Web design: A well-designed website can attract visitors and improve the user experience.
5. Film and TV: Motion graphics are used to create visual effects and animations for movies and TV shows.

**Section 5: Conclusion**

Graphic design is an essential tool in various industries. By understanding the basics of graphic design, students can apply these skills to create visually appealing designs in their future careers. Whether working in advertising, publishing, or web design, the skills learned in this lesson will provide a strong foundation for success in the field of graphic design.


text: Huddersfield 1-1 Walsall. James Paterson rescued a point for Walsall at Huddersfield with his first ever senior goal.. Jordan Rhodes was twice denied by Saddlers keeper David Grof and fired wide as the Terriers dominated the opening period.. The hosts got their breakthrough when Gary Roberts' cross was converted from close range by Lee Novak.. Substitute Paterson grabbed the leveller when he fired home a wonderful curled effort from Mat Sadler's pass.. Huddersfield are now 42 league games unbeaten, joint second with Nottingham Forest and seven behind Arsenal's English record.. VIEWS FROM THE DRESSING ROOM. Huddersfield Town manager Lee Clark told BBC Radio Leeds:. "We've passed the ball very well and created numerous chances which, on another day, would be in the net and we'd have more than a goal advantage.. "It wasn't to be, I've told the lads their perfomance was good, just not clinical enough to take the three points.. "Walsall showed great guts and determination but in all honesty I think we deserved to win."

textbook:
Lesson: How to Score a Goal in Soccer

Introduction:
Scoring a goal in soccer is one of the most exciting moments in the game. It's a team effort that requires coordination, strategy, and skill. In this lesson, we will learn about the different ways to score a goal, the importance of positioning, and the role of teamwork.

Section 1: Types of Goals
There are three main types of goals in soccer:

1. Direct free-kick: A direct free-kick is awarded when a player commits a foul within shooting distance of the opponent's goal. The kicker can take the shot directly into the goal without any interference from the opposing team.

2. Penalty kick: A penalty kick is awarded when a defending player commits a foul inside their own penalty area. The kicker has a one-on-one opportunity with the goalkeeper, and they must kick the ball into the goal without any interference.

3. Corner kick: A corner kick is awarded when the ball crosses the goal line after being last touched by a defending player. The kicking team takes the shot from the corner of the field near the goal post.

Section 2: Positioning
Positioning is crucial when it comes to scoring a goal. Players must be in the right place at the right time to receive a pass or take a shot. Here are some tips for positioning:

1. Stay alert: Keep your eyes on the ball and your teammates at all times. This will help you anticipate where the ball is going and position yourself accordingly.

2. Support your teammates: If one of your teammates has the ball, move towards them and provide support. This will give them an option to pass the ball if they need to.

3. Be in space: Try to find areas of the field that are open and free of defenders. This will give you more time and space to make a play.

Section 3: Teamwork
Scoring a goal is not just the responsibility of the kicker. It takes a team effort to create a scoring opportunity. Here are some ways that teamwork can contribute to scoring a goal:

1. Passing: Good passing skills are essential for moving the ball towards the goal. Players must be able to receive the ball, control it, and pass it to their teammates.

2. Communication: Players must communicate with each other to coordinate their movements and create opportunities for scoring.

3. Defense: Even though the defense's primary job is to prevent the other team from scoring, they can also contribute to scoring by creating turnovers and fast breaks.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, scoring a goal in soccer requires a combination of individual skill and teamwork. By understanding the different types of goals, positioning yourself correctly, and working together as a team, you can increase your chances of scoring. Remember to stay alert, support your teammates, and be in space to create scoring opportunities.

Glossary:
- Free-kick: A direct shot at the goal awarded to the kicking team when a player commits a foul.
- Penalty kick: A one-on-one opportunity with the goalkeeper awarded to the kicking team when a defending player commits a foul inside their own penalty area.
- Corner kick: A shot at the goal awarded to the kicking team when the ball crosses the goal line after being last touched by a defending player.


text: The first day of Summer, finally – Happy Summer Solstice to those friends who celebrate! It really is something to celebrate considering the supremely wet and cool spring we’ve just come through. Supposed to rain this weekend, too. *sigh*. In other news; Wow, Akismet really isn’t keeping up anymore. Has anyone else (bloggers) noticed that Akismet isn’t doing the job anymore? I have moderation enabled (you must have a previously approved post to be allowed to post freely), so no spam gets through, but the last few days has been pretty heavy duty spam. If I haven’t mentioned it. before lately; Spammers SUCK.. If you’re using something else, other than Akismet, I’d be interested in hearing about it!. I haven’t written much about my adventures with Nero’s Fiddle yet; stay tuned, that’s coming!

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Moderation in Blogging

Introduction:
Blogging is an excellent way to share your thoughts, ideas, and experiences with others. However, it can also be a target for spam, which can ruin the blogging experience. In this lesson, we will learn about the importance of moderation in blogging and how it can help protect your blog from spam.

Section 1: Understanding Moderation

Topic 1: What is Moderation?
- Moderation is the process of reviewing and approving comments or posts before they are published on a blog or website.

Topic 2: Why is Moderation Important?
- Moderation helps protect your blog from spam, offensive content, and unwanted comments.
- It also allows you to control the conversation on your blog and ensure that only relevant and useful content is published.

Section 2: Types of Moderation

Topic 1: Manual Moderation
- Manual moderation involves reviewing each comment or post manually and approving them before they are published.
- This method can be time-consuming but allows you to control every aspect of the comments on your blog.

Topic 2: Automatic Moderation
- Automatic moderation uses software to filter out spam and offensive content automatically.
- This method is faster than manual moderation but may not be as effective in catching all types of spam.

Section 3: Tools for Moderation

Topic 1: Akismet
- Akismet is a popular tool for automatic moderation that is free to use for most bloggers.
- It uses a combination of algorithms and user feedback to identify spam and offensive content.

Topic 2: Other Moderation Tools
- There are many other moderation tools available, such as WordPress's built-in comment moderation system, Disqus, and more.
- Some tools offer additional features, such as the ability to moderate comments based on specific keywords or phrases.

Section 4: Tips for Moderation

Topic 1: Stay Organized
- Keep track of all comments and posts that require moderation in a separate folder or email account.
- This will make it easier to manage your moderation tasks and ensure that nothing slips through the cracks.

Topic 2: Be Consistent
- Apply your moderation policies consistently to ensure that all comments and posts are treated equally.
- This will help prevent any accusations of favoritism or unfairness.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, moderation is an essential tool for any blogger who wants to protect their blog from spam and maintain a positive and productive community. By using moderation tools like Akismet and others, you can ensure that only relevant and useful content is published on your blog. Remember to stay organized, be consistent, and choose the moderation method that works best for you.


text: This paper provides a theoretical explanation on the clustering aspect of. nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). We prove that even without imposing. orthogonality or sparsity constraint on the basis and/or coefficient matrix,. NMF still can give clustering results, thus providing a theoretical support for. the works of Xu et al. [1] and Kim et al. [2], where the authors showed the. superiority of the standard NMF as a clustering method... We.

textbook:
Lesson: Clustering with Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF)

## Section 1: Introduction to NMF

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a technique used to decompose a matrix into two smaller matrices, one of which is non-negative. This technique has been widely used in various applications such as data analysis, image processing, and text mining. In this lesson, we will focus on the clustering aspect of NMF.

## Section 2: Clustering with NMF

The clustering aspect of NMF involves finding groups of similar data points within a dataset. To achieve this, we first need to apply NMF to the dataset. The resulting decomposition will give us two matrices: one containing the features (rows) and the other containing the data points (columns). We can then use these matrices to group similar data points together.

Let's consider a simple example. Suppose we have a dataset containing the ages and genders of a group of people. We can apply NMF to this dataset and obtain two matrices: one containing the ages and the other containing the genders. We can then group people with similar ages and genders together.

To do this, we can use a clustering algorithm such as k-means. The k-means algorithm works by randomly assigning each data point to one of the clusters and then iteratively updating the cluster assignments until convergence. Once we have our clusters, we can analyze the data points within each cluster to see if they share any common characteristics.

## Section 3: Applications of NMF Clustering

NMF clustering has many applications across various fields. For example, in image processing, NMF can be used to compress images while preserving their essential features. In text mining, NMF can be used to identify topics within a document corpus. In bioinformatics, NMF can be used to identify patterns in gene expression data.

## Glossary

- Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF): A technique used to decompose a matrix into two smaller matrices, one of which is non-negative.
- Clustering: The process of grouping similar data points together.
- K-means: A clustering algorithm that works by randomly assigning data points to clusters and iteratively updating the cluster assignments until convergence.

## Conclusion

In this lesson, we learned about the clustering aspect of NMF and how it can be used to group similar data points together. We also explored some of its applications across various fields. By understanding the principles behind NMF clustering, we can apply this technique to new problems and gain valuable insights into our data.