text: .. In addition to highlighting the state’s contributions to important conflicts such as the Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania’s Civil War.. The History Center utilized an innovative 3-D printing process to create a massive 26-foot-long, nine-ton smooth bore Rodman Cannon, underwritten by Dan and Bonnie Sandman. It provides a life-size example of Pittsburgh’s military production and prowess during the Civil War. The original cannon, built in 1864 at the Fort Pitt Foundry in Pittsburgh’s Strip District, weighed nearly 90 tons. The cannon could shoot a 20-inch cannonball 4.5 miles and was designed and cast using groundbreaking technology developed by Thomas Jackson Rodman.. Many of the artifacts featured in the exhibit are selected from the History Center’s collection, as well as private collectors, including noted Civil War author Kenneth Turner.

textbook:
# Lesson: The Importance of Pennsylvania in the Civil War
## Introduction
In this lesson, we will explore the role of Pennsylvania in the American Civil War. We will learn about the state's contributions to important conflicts such as the Battle of Gettysburg and how it played a crucial role in the war effort. We will also examine how the state's military production and prowess during the Civil War helped shape the course of the nation's history.
## Section 1: The Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg was a turning point in the American Civil War. It was fought between July 1 and 3, 1863, in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. The battle involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war and is considered one of the most important battles in American history. Pennsylvania played a significant role in the battle, with many of its residents participating on both sides of the conflict.
## Section 2: Pennsylvania's Military Production
Pennsylvania was a major center of military production during the Civil War. The state's industries produced a wide range of goods, including weapons, ammunition, and clothing, that were essential to the Union Army's efforts. One notable example of Pennsylvania's military production is the Rodman Cannon, which was built at the Fort Pitt Foundry in Pittsburgh's Strip District. This massive cannon was used to shoot 20-inch cannonballs up to 4.5 miles and played a crucial role in the Union's victory in the war.
## Section 3: The Impact of Pennsylvania's Contributions
Pennsylvania's contributions to the Civil War had a significant impact on the outcome of the conflict. The state's military production and prowess helped ensure that the Union Army had the necessary weapons and equipment to fight effectively. Additionally, the Battle of Gettysburg was a major victory for the Union Army and helped turn the tide of the war. Without Pennsylvania's contributions, the outcome of the Civil War may have been very different.
## Conclusion
In conclusion, Pennsylvania played a crucial role in the American Civil War. From its contributions to important battles like the Battle of Gettysburg to its military production, the state was instrumental in ensuring the Union's victory. By studying Pennsylvania's role in the Civil War, we can gain a deeper understanding of the importance of individual states in shaping the course of our nation's history.
## Glossary
- **Civil War**: A war fought between 1861 and 1865 in the United States between the Northern and Southern states over issues such as slavery and states' rights.
- **Union Army**: The army of the North during the American Civil War.
- **Rodman Cannon**: A type of cannon used by the Union Army during the Civil War.
- **Fort Pitt Foundry**: A foundry located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania that produced weapons and other military equipment during the Civil War.
- **Strip District**: A neighborhood in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania where the Fort Pitt Foundry was located.
- **20-inch cannonball**: A type of cannonball used by the Union Army during the Civil War.


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source: refinedweb

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Lasers

Introduction:
Lasers are a type of light that is used in many different applications. They are created when an atom or molecule absorbs energy and then releases it as a photon, which travels at the speed of light. In this lesson, we will explore what lasers are, how they work, and some of the many ways they are used.

What are Lasers?
Lasers are a type of light that is created when an atom or molecule absorbs energy and then releases it as a photon. This process is called stimulated emission. The photons are all traveling in the same direction and have the same wavelength, which makes them coherent. This property of coherence is what makes lasers so useful.

How do Lasers Work?
When an atom or molecule absorbs energy, it becomes excited and moves to a higher energy state. When it returns to its original state, it releases the energy as a photon. If there are other atoms or molecules nearby that are also in the same energy state, they can absorb the photon and become excited, leading to a chain reaction of emissions. This process is called stimulated emission, and it is what creates the coherent beam of light that we call a laser.

Types of Lasers:
There are many different types of lasers, each with its own unique properties. Some common types include:

1. Continuous wave lasers: These lasers emit a continuous stream of photons.
2. Pulsed lasers: These lasers emit photons in short bursts, or pulses.
3. CW and pulsed lasers: These lasers can switch between continuous wave and pulsed modes.

Applications of Lasers:
Lasers are used in many different fields, including:

1. Medicine: Lasers are used in surgery, dentistry, and dermatology.
2. Communication: Lasers are used in fiber optic cables to transmit data.
3. Industry: Lasers are used for cutting, welding, and engraving materials.
4. Astronomy: Lasers are used to create artificial stars and study the universe.
5. Entertainment: Lasers are used in light shows and laser tag.

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned about what lasers are, how they work, and some of the many ways they are used. Lasers are a fascinating and versatile technology that has revolutionized many industries. By understanding their properties and applications, we can continue to explore new ways to harness their power and potential.


text: 3 Bedroom Airlie Beach Apartments. Our three bedroom apartments have stunning views of the Coral Sea. With separate spacious lounge and dining areas and a full kitchen for the ultimate in convenience.. The main bedroom has a king / queen bed with massive walk in robe and ensuite, whilst the second bedroom has a queen bed. The third bedroom has twin beds and there is a main bathroom and separate toilet. It also has a separate laundry for your convenience. Enjoy easy in room entertainment with two televisions, cable TV and DVD player.. We offer free in room wireless internet to stay connected during your getaway. Step outside onto your covered private balcony with stunning Ocean and Island views.. - 1 King / Queen, 1 Queen and 2 Single<<

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Apartments

### Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

An apartment is a self-contained housing unit that occupies only part of a building. It typically includes one or more rooms, a kitchen, and a bathroom. Apartments can vary in size, layout, and amenities, but they are generally designed to provide a comfortable and convenient place to live.

### Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's imagine that you are looking for an apartment to rent. You find a listing for a 3-bedroom apartment in a building near your workplace. The apartment has a separate living room and dining area, a full kitchen, and three bedrooms. The master bedroom has a king-sized bed and a large closet, while the other two bedrooms have queen-sized beds. There is also a main bathroom and a separate toilet. The apartment has a covered balcony with views of the ocean and nearby islands.

You decide to take a look at the apartment and are impressed by the spacious layout and modern decor. The kitchen is fully equipped with a refrigerator, stove, and dishwasher. There is also a washing machine and dryer in the apartment for your convenience. The apartment has two televisions, cable TV, and a DVD player, so you can easily entertain yourself.

You decide to rent the apartment because it has everything you need and is located in a convenient location.

### Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions

Why would someone choose to rent an apartment instead of owning a house?

Pros:
- Lower cost: Renting an apartment is often cheaper than owning a house, especially if you don't have to pay for maintenance or repairs.
- Flexibility: Renting gives you the freedom to move easily if you need to change jobs or locations.
- Less responsibility: When you rent, you don't have to worry about maintaining a yard or dealing with home maintenance issues.

Cons:
- No equity: When you rent, you aren't building any equity in a property. This means that all the money you spend on rent is gone when you move out.
- No tax benefits: Unlike homeowners, renters don't get to deduct mortgage interest or property taxes on their taxes.
- Limited control: As a renter, you have less control over your living space, as you can't make major changes or modifications without permission from your landlord.

Conclusion:

In this lesson, we learned about apartments and why someone might choose to rent one instead of owning a house. We also looked at some practical examples of what an apartment might look like and discussed some of the pros and cons of renting. By understanding these concepts, we can make informed decisions about where to live and what type of living space is best for our needs.


text: - 7 months ago. Edgar Wright’s Baby Driver is a fast past, fun heist movie that is both unique and fresh, while hitting the typical heist movie beats. You can always tell when a movie is a passion project of a great director because the level of detail and effort put in is hard to ignore. Baby Driver is Wright’s passion project come to life after 22 years as a concept in his head.. The most standout part of this film is the soundtrack and how it is integrated into this movie. Unlike most films where the music gets added in after the film is shot, because its importance, the music in Baby Driver was obtained first then had scenes shot around it. It makes for a thrilling film.. Our only real complaint about this film is that it seems like an odd time to release this film and that maybe later in the year would get it more attention. Listen to our full review to get all our thoughts on this film and leave us a comment to tell us what you thought.. Also the soundtrack was released last Friday and can be pu

textbook:
Lesson: How to Write a Movie Review

Introduction:
Writing a movie review is an excellent way to share your thoughts about a film with others. In this lesson, we will learn how to write a movie review by analyzing the structure, tone, and elements of a good review.

Section 1: Understanding the Structure of a Movie Review

A movie review typically consists of three parts: an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.

Introduction:
- Start with a hook that grabs the reader's attention, such as a quote or an interesting fact about the film.
- Introduce the title, director, and main actors.
- Provide some background information on the movie, such as the genre, release date, and plot.

Body Paragraphs:
- In the first body paragraph, discuss the positive aspects of the movie. Use specific examples from the film to support your opinions.
- In the second body paragraph, address any negative aspects of the movie. Be objective and provide constructive criticism.
- In the third body paragraph, discuss the overall impact of the movie, including its themes, messages, and cultural significance.

Conclusion:
- Sum up your thoughts on the movie and whether you recommend it to others.
- Provide a final statement that leaves a lasting impression on the reader.

Section 2: Understanding the Tone of a Movie Review

The tone of a movie review should be balanced and objective. Avoid using overly positive or negative language. Instead, focus on providing a fair assessment of the film's strengths and weaknesses.

Tone:
- Be objective and avoid personal opinions.
- Use specific examples from the movie to support your opinions.
- Avoid using overly positive or negative language.
- Be concise and clear in your writing.

Section 3: Elements of a Good Movie Review

A good movie review should include several elements that help the reader understand your perspective on the film.

Elements:
- Use specific examples from the movie to support your opinions.
- Provide a balanced assessment of the movie's strengths and weaknesses.
- Discuss the overall impact of the movie, including its themes, messages, and cultural significance.
- Use clear and concise language to convey your thoughts.

Glossary:
- Hook: a statement or sentence that grabs the reader's attention.
- Themes: the underlying ideas or messages of a movie.
- Cultural significance: the impact a movie has on society or culture.

Conclusion:
In summary, writing a movie review involves understanding the structure, tone, and elements of a good review. By following these guidelines, you can effectively communicate your thoughts on a movie and provide valuable insights to others.


text:
Last week, a group of twenty Imams from across the United States and Canada, all affiliated with the Islamic Supremem Council of Canada, issued a fatwa (religious edict) declaring that any attack on America or Canada is equivalent to an attack on the millions of muslims living in these nations. The goal of this fatwa is to delegitimize terrorist atacks by attempting to strip them of their religious camoflauge, and represents a sincere and noble niyat (intention) of loyalty and love for our homelands. The language of the fatwa itself makes an argument that I have made any times myself, that muslims are freer to practice their faith in the West (well, the US and Canada anyway) than anywhere in the muslim majority nations:

There is no single city in Canada and the United States where MASAJIDS (Mosques) are not built. In all major cities Islamic schools provide education to Muslim children about Qur’an and the Islamic traditions. Thousands of Muslims perform Hajj every year and travel to Saudi Arabia with complete freedom and respect. In the month of Ramadan, both Canadian and the United States governments recognize the occasion and greet all Muslim citizens. Muslims pray five daily prayers in mosques without any fear or restrictions. Muslims have complete freedom to pay Zakat (poor due) to the charity or a person of their choice. Muslims have complete freedom to celebrate their festivals openly, publicly and Islamically. Muslims enjoy freedom of religion just like Christians, Jews and others. No one stops us from obeying Allah and His Messenger (Peace be upon him). No one stops us from preaching Islam and practicing Islam. In many cases, Muslims have more freedom to practice Islam here in Canada and the United States than many Muslim countries.

In fact, the constitutions of the United States and Canada are very close to the Islamic guiding principles of human rights and freedom. There is no conflict between the Islamic values of freedom and justice and the Canadian /US values of freedom and justice.

However, I do have some issues with the fatwa in a general sense, namely the packaging of it as a fatwa itself. A fatwa is a religious ruling, one that should be supported by Qur’an, hadith and jurisprudence. There are indeed some Qur’an verses quoted in the fatwa text, but these are general verses about taking a stand against wrongdoing. That’s supportive of the Imam’s intentions, but these verses are not really relevant to the (novel) theological argument being made that an attack on a nation is considered an attack on its muslim residents, directly correlated to those residents’ freedom to practice the faith. The problem with a fatwa is that it is legal; as such it opens the door to questions such as, if America were oppressive of its muslim population would it then be permissible to attack America? Does the minaret ban in Switzerland now invite attack? What about attacks on Afghanistan? The problem here is that the fatwa – if treated as a fatwa, and not as a statement of principle – can actually be used as Islamic cover by the very people it seeks to denounce.

I think the imams – whose sincere intentions I do not question – would have better served their aims by making this a press release or general statement, rather than further diluting the term fatwa. Obviously, the fatwa has absolutely zero relevance to those extremists abroad who are planning atacks on the West anyway; none of those will be swayed by the fatwa in any way. The fatwa is really aimed at the muslims in the US and Canada itself, a prophylactic against domestic extremism – but again, those like Major Malik Hasan who are infected by the jihadi meme are exposed to it online and from foreign sources, and again are thus unlikely to be swayed by the argument. The vast majority of muslims in the US and Canada are already vigilant against extremism, so the fatwa is pretty much redundant and preaching to the choir. So what then does it really achieve?

Still, it’s better for the Imams to be making this argument publically, then not making it. The more that we, the western muslim community, can advertise our freedom to be muslim here to muslims elsewhere, the safer all Americans wil indeed be. But we need to think more strategically about how best to get that message out there, than copying the Fatwa of the Day methodology used by our enemies.

source: minipile

textbook:
Lesson: The Importance of Fatwas in Islam

Introduction:
Fatwas are religious edicts issued by Islamic scholars (Imams) that provide guidance on religious matters. They are an important aspect of Islamic law and have played a significant role in shaping Muslim societies throughout history. In this lesson, we will explore the significance of fatwas in Islam and their relevance in today's world.

Section 1: Understanding Fatwas

Topic 1: What is a Fatwa?
A fatwa is a legal opinion or ruling issued by an Islamic scholar (Imam) in response to a specific question or issue related to Islamic law. It provides guidance on how Muslims should behave and interact with each other and the wider society.

Topic 2: The Role of Fatwas in Islam
Fatwas have been an essential part of Islamic jurisprudence since the time of Prophet Muhammad. They help Muslims understand their religious obligations and responsibilities and provide a framework for resolving disputes and conflicts.

Topic 3: Types of Fatwas
There are two types of fatwas: binding (hukm) and non-binding (taqrir). A binding fatwa is a definitive ruling that must be followed by all Muslims. A non-binding fatwa is a recommendation or advice that Muslims may choose to follow or not.

Section 2: Fatwas in Modern Times

Topic 1: The Islamic Supreme Council of America
The Islamic Supreme Council of America (ISCA) is an organization of Muslim scholars and leaders in North America. In 2005, the ISCA issued a fatwa declaring that terrorism was prohibited in Islam and urged Muslims to reject any form of violence or extremism.

Topic 2: The Fatwa Against Terrorism
In recent years, many Muslim organizations and scholars have issued fatwas against terrorism and extremism. These fatwas aim to delegitimize terrorist groups and their actions by stripping them of their religious justification.

Topic 3: The Importance of Fatwas Today
Fatwas remain an important tool for promoting peace and understanding between Muslims and non-Muslims. By issuing fatwas against terrorism and extremism, Muslim leaders and scholars can help to counteract the misguided interpretations of Islam that fuel violence and conflict.

Section 3: Applying Fatwas to Real-World Scenarios

Topic 1: The Fatwa Against Attacking America and Canada
The fatwa discussed in the input text was issued by a group of twenty Imams from across the United States and Canada. The fatwa declared that any attack on America or Canada is equivalent to an attack on the millions of Muslims living in these nations. This fatwa represents a sincere and noble intention of loyalty and love for our homelands.

Topic 2: The Significance of the Fatwa
The language of the fatwa makes an argument that has been made many times before, namely that Muslims are freer to practice their faith in the West than in Muslim-majority nations. This fatwa is significant because it highlights the contradictions and hypocrisy of terrorist groups who claim to be fighting for Muslim rights while attacking countries that grant Muslims greater freedoms.

Conclusion:
Fatwas play an important role in Islamic law and have been used to promote peace and understanding between Muslims and non-Muslims. By issuing fatwas against terrorism and extremism, Muslim leaders and scholars can help to delegitimize violent groups and promote a more peaceful and tolerant society.

Glossary:
- Fatwa: A religious edict issued by an Islamic scholar (Imam) in response to a specific question or issue related to Islamic law.
- Binding fatwa: A definitive ruling that must be followed by all Muslims.
- Non-binding fatwa: A recommendation or advice that Muslims may choose to follow or not.
- Islamic Supreme Council of America: An organization of Muslim scholars and leaders in North America.
- Terrorism: The use of violence and intimidation to achieve political or religious goals.
- Extremism: The belief in and support of views, practices, or actions that are generally considered to be outside the mainstream of a particular group or society.


text: This flexible. unit can be used in any number of applications ranging from low. temperature freezers to ripening rooms.. Featuring. forward curved, high efficiency centrifugal fans housed in a galvanized. steel enclosure complete with large face area coils, various coil. depths and fin spacings, this unit is available in high temperature,. electric and hot gas defrost models. The TPCC is available in. various capacities with airflows ranging from 6,300 to 43,000. CFM, ideal for the most demanding ducted or freeblow applications.. Features / Options:. Air, electric and hot gas defrost models for -25°F. and above room. temperatures. Available in a wide range of capacities up to 30 tons,. using various coil depths and fin spacing. Optional fin spacing, materials and coatings available.. R134a, R22, R404A, R507. 208-230/1/60, 208-230/3/60, 460/3/60, 575/3/60, 200-220/1/50,. 200-220/3/50 and 380/3/50

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Refrigeration Units

Refrigeration units are essential in various industries, including food storage, medical, and manufacturing. In this lesson, we will explore the basics of refrigeration units, their types, and how they work.

**Section 1: Theoretical Concepts**

1. What is a refrigeration unit?
A refrigeration unit is a device that removes heat from an enclosed space and transfers it to the outside environment, keeping the space cool or at a desired temperature.

2. What are the types of refrigeration units?
There are two main types of refrigeration units: closed-loop and open-loop. Closed-loop systems use a single refrigerant, while open-loop systems use a mixture of refrigerants and other substances.

**Section 2: Practical Examples**

3. How does a refrigeration unit work?
A refrigeration unit works by compressing a refrigerant, which causes it to become hot. The hot refrigerant then passes through a condenser coil, which releases the heat into the surrounding environment. The refrigerant then turns into a liquid and passes through an expansion valve, where its pressure and temperature drop. Finally, the refrigerant evaporates in the evaporator coil, absorbing heat from the enclosed space and becoming a cold gas again.

4. Real-world example: A refrigerator in your home
A refrigerator uses a refrigeration unit to keep your food and drinks cool. The unit removes heat from the inside of the fridge and transfers it to the outside, keeping the interior at a cool temperature.

**Section 3: Self-Debating Discussions**

5. Why is it important to choose the right type of refrigeration unit for a specific application?
Choosing the right type of refrigeration unit is crucial because different units have different capabilities and limitations. For example, some units may not be able to handle extremely low or high temperatures, while others may be more energy-efficient or have a higher capacity.

6. What are some factors to consider when selecting a refrigeration unit?
Some factors to consider include the size of the space being cooled, the desired temperature range, the amount of heat generated by equipment or processes within the space, and the available power sources.

**Glossary**
- Refrigerant: a substance used in a refrigeration cycle to absorb and release heat as it undergoes phase transitions between gas and liquid states
- Capacity: the maximum amount of heat that a refrigeration unit can remove from a space
- Coefficient of Performance (COP): a measure of the efficiency of a refrigeration unit, calculated as the ratio of the heat removed from the space to the work input required to run the unit

**Conclusion**
Understanding the basics of refrigeration units is essential for anyone working in industries that rely on these devices. By learning about the different types of units, how they work, and the factors to consider when selecting one, you can make informed decisions and ensure that your cooling needs are met effectively and efficiently.


text: KidsCare. A before school program is available at a reasonable cost for students who need supervised care before school. It is held at the Boys and Girls Club at 107 E. Marion Street. They open at 5 a.m. and a shuttle bus will transport them to NES before school starts.. Registration forms are available in the school office or the Boys and Girls Club.

textbook:
Lesson: Before School Programs

**Introduction**: Before school programs provide a safe and nurturing environment for students who need supervision before school starts. In this lesson, we will learn about the benefits of before school programs, how they work, and what to expect if you participate in one.

**Section 1: Benefits of Before School Programs**

Before school programs offer several benefits to students and their families. These include:

- **Supervision**: Before school programs provide a safe and supervised environment for students before school starts. This means that parents can drop off their children at the program and know that they will be cared for until school begins.

- **Education and Enrichment Activities**: Many before school programs offer educational and enrichment activities that help students start the day ready to learn. These activities may include homework help, reading, and other academic support.

- **Socialization**: Before school programs provide opportunities for students to socialize with their peers, which can help them develop social skills and make new friends.

**Section 2: How Before School Programs Work**

Before school programs typically operate during the hours before school starts. They may be located at the school or at an off-site location, such as a community center or church. Programs may offer a variety of activities, including:

- **Free Play**: Students may have free play time to run around and burn off energy before settling down for the day.

- **Structured Activities**: Some programs offer structured activities, such as art, music, or sports, to engage students and help them develop new skills.

- **Breakfast**: Many programs offer breakfast to students, providing them with a healthy meal to start the day.

**Section 3: What to Expect**

If you participate in a before school program, you can expect to arrive at the program before school starts and be supervised until the school day begins. You may participate in educational and enrichment activities, socialize with your peers, and enjoy a healthy breakfast.

**Glossary**

- **Before school programs**: Programs that provide supervision, education, and enrichment activities to students before school starts.
- **Shuttle bus**: A vehicle that transports students to school.
- **Boys and Girls Club**: An organization that provides after-school programs and activities for young people.
- **Registration form**: A document used to sign up for a program or activity.

**Conclusion**

Before school programs provide a valuable service to students and their families by offering supervision, education, and enrichment activities before school starts. By participating in a before school program, students can start the day ready to learn and engage with their peers in a safe and nurturing environment.


text: The talking has began as the Battle of the Boarder is set for Asessippi Ski Area and Resort on Jan 18 2020. This Slopestyle competition will once again pit some of the best freestyle riders from Manitoba and Saskatchewan against one another in a competition for individual prowess and provincial supremecy. This 3rd instalment will break the tie as Manitoba won in 2018 and Saskatchewan ruled in 19. Registration will be onsite in the Asessippi day lodge beginning at 8:30 am with the competition scheduled to start at 11:00. Come represent your province in a fun day of snowboarding.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Snowboarding Competitions

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts
Snowboarding competitions are events where snowboarders compete against each other in various disciplines such as slopestyle, halfpipe, and big air. These competitions are usually organized by ski resorts or snowboarding associations and attract participants from all over the world.

## Section 2: Practical Examples
In this lesson, we will focus on slopestyle competitions. In a slopestyle competition, snowboarders ride down a course that includes various obstacles such as jumps, rails, and halfpipes. The goal is to complete the course while performing tricks and jumps that are judged by a panel of experts.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios
To prepare for a slopestyle competition, snowboarders need to practice their skills regularly. They must learn how to perform various tricks, jumps, and spins while maintaining balance and control on the snow. They also need to understand the rules and safety measures that come with competing in such events.

## Glossary
- Slopestyle: A snowboarding discipline where riders perform tricks and jumps on a course that includes various obstacles such as jumps, rails, and halfpipes.
- Halfpipe: A snowboarding obstacle that is shaped like a half-pipe, which riders use to perform tricks and jumps.
- Big air: A snowboarding discipline where riders jump off a large ramp or hill and perform tricks before landing back on the snow.

## Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned about the basics of snowboarding competitions, specifically slopestyle events. We discussed the importance of practicing skills, understanding the rules, and staying safe while competing. By mastering these concepts, snowboarders can improve their performance and have a better chance of winning in future competitions.


text: I have been been pregnant, breastfed, and over the years both gained and lost weight. I understand the challenges , schedules and demands of newborns, and therefore have a lot of patience with very young babies. I am raising a 6yr old daughter, so can relate to the childlike giddiness and playfulness of young children and toddlers. I have been married, so understand the stress and excitement on a wedding day, wanting everything to be as perfect as can be.. I have lost a strong, courageous sister to breast cancer, and have a special place in my heart for cancer survivors, offering free boudoir photographs to these women, in order to help them rebuild their self esteem and see themselves in an incredibly courageous and beautiful way.. I ,myself, have had beautiful photographs taken of myself, in order to remind myself of my inner goddess, amidst the hustle and bustle of life.. Signature is a photography business based in Tableview, Cape Town.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Personal Experiences and Applying Them to Help Others

## Section 1: Introduction

In this lesson, we will learn about personal experiences and how they can help us understand and empathize with others. We will also explore how our experiences can shape our perspectives and influence our actions.

## Section 2: Understanding Personal Experiences

Personal experiences are events or situations that happen to us throughout our lives. These experiences can range from happy and positive to difficult and challenging. Understanding our personal experiences can help us gain insight into who we are and how we interact with the world around us.

## Section 3: Applying Personal Experiences to Help Others

Once we understand our personal experiences, we can use that knowledge to help others who may be going through similar situations. For example, if we have gone through a difficult breakup, we can use our own experiences to help others going through the same thing. We can offer advice, support, and understanding to help them through their difficult time.

## Section 4: The Importance of Empathy

Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of others. By applying our personal experiences to others' situations, we can develop empathy and better understand what others are going through. This can help us be more compassionate and supportive in our interactions with others.

## Section 5: The Power of Perspective

Our personal experiences can shape our perspectives on life. For example, if we have had a difficult childhood, we may have a negative outlook on life. However, by understanding our personal experiences, we can change our perspectives and focus on the positive aspects of life.

## Section 6: Conclusion

By understanding our personal experiences and applying them to help others, we can develop a deeper sense of empathy and compassion. This can help us connect with others on a deeper level and make a positive impact on the world around us.


text: Alcohol and drugs are a part of culture and community. Whether done legally or illegally, choices that an individual makes about their use impacts not only the them in that moment but in some cases also in their future. The impact that substances has in someone’s life not only can effect.. 616-331-2537. This event also occurred on 10/14/2014, 11/12/2014 and 12/4/2014

textbook:
Lesson: The Impact of Alcohol and Drug Use on Our Lives

**Introduction**

In this lesson, we will explore the effects of alcohol and drug use on our lives. We will discuss the legal and social implications of using these substances, as well as the long-term consequences that can result from their abuse. By the end of this lesson, you will have a better understanding of how alcohol and drugs can impact your life and the lives of those around you.

**Section 1: Legal and Social Implications**

One of the most significant impacts of alcohol and drug use is the legal and social consequences that come with it. Using these substances illegally can result in fines, jail time, and even loss of employment. Additionally, using alcohol and drugs can lead to social isolation and strained relationships with friends and family members.

**Section 2: Long-Term Consequences**

Long-term consequences of alcohol and drug use can vary depending on the substance used and the frequency of use. For example, excessive alcohol consumption can lead to liver damage, while drug use can result in addiction and other health problems. Additionally, the long-term consequences of drug use can impact one's future job prospects and educational opportunities.

**Section 3: Practical Examples**

Let's consider a few examples to illustrate the impact of alcohol and drug use on our lives. Suppose a person uses drugs and alcohol frequently and becomes addicted. Over time, this addiction can lead to job loss, strained relationships, and even criminal charges. On the other hand, suppose a person uses alcohol responsibly and in moderation. In this case, they may still experience social consequences if they become intoxicated in public or engage in reckless behavior.

**Conclusion**

In conclusion, the use of alcohol and drugs can have significant impacts on our lives. Whether used legally or illegally, the choices we make about their use can affect us in both the short and long term. By understanding the potential consequences of alcohol and drug use, we can make informed decisions about our own habits and behaviors.


text: I've experienced a problem installing the OpenFTS searching package into PostgreSQL which currently has me baffled and I'd be grateful for any assistance. I'm working under Mac OS X 10.2.6 and have the following installed: PostgreSQL 7.3.3 PERL 5.006 DBI 1.37 DBD-Pg 1.01 tsearch 2 OpenFTS 0.34 Everything worked fine up until attempting to create the custom OpenFTS functions. For example the following query: CREATE FUNCTION relor (float4, float4, int4, int4, int4, _text) RETURNS float4 AS '/usr/local/pgsql/lib/openfts' LANGUAGE 'C'; results in an error message: "ERROR: Load of file /usr/local/pgsql/lib/openfts.so failed: no error message available" Not very informative! The file is in the appropriate place and appears to have the correct permissions and other dynamic libraries in the same folder (eg tsearch.so) load without problem. Anyone got any idea what's going on here? Could it be some type of version incompatibility? Thanks Nick Oates Technical Director the OTHER media Ltd London

textbook:
Lesson: Installing OpenFTS Searching Package into PostgreSQL
Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn how to install the OpenFTS searching package into PostgreSQL. We will cover the prerequisites, the installation process, and troubleshooting common issues. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to install OpenFTS on your own system and use its features to improve your PostgreSQL experience.
Prerequisites:
Before we begin, make sure you have the following prerequisites:
- PostgreSQL 7.3.3 or later
- PERL 5.006 or later
- DBI 1.37 or later
- DBD-Pg 1.01 or later
- tsearch 2 or later
Installation Process:
1. Download the OpenFTS package from the official website and extract it to a directory of your choice.
2. Navigate to the directory where you extracted the package and run the following command to install the necessary modules:
   perl Makefile.PL
   make
   make install
3. Once the installation is complete, restart your PostgreSQL server to ensure that the changes take effect.
Troubleshooting Common Issues:
If you encounter any issues during the installation process, try the following troubleshooting steps:
1. Check the log files for any errors or warnings.
2. Ensure that you have the necessary prerequisites installed.
3. Verify that the OpenFTS package is compatible with your PostgreSQL version.
4. Check if the OpenFTS files have the correct permissions and are located in the correct directory.
Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned how to install the OpenFTS searching package into PostgreSQL. We covered the prerequisites, the installation process, and troubleshooting common issues. By following these steps, you can successfully install OpenFTS on your system and use its features to improve your PostgreSQL experience.


text:
Gena Turgel

Gena Turgel (née Goldfinger; 1 February 1923 – 7 June 2018) was a Jewish Polish author, educator, and Holocaust survivor.

Early life and the Holocaust
Turgel was born in Kraków in 1923, the youngest of nine children of Samuel and Estera Goldfinger. Her parents ran a small textile business. After the death of her father, during her childhood, her mother carried on the family business. When the Nazis invaded Poland in 1939, her family was ordered to give up all their belongings. Turgel, several siblings and her mother were forced to move to the Kraków ghetto in August 1941.

Her brother Willek was shot and killed by the SS through the window of their home while he stood on a chair beside the window to reach a suitcase on top of a wardrobe. Another brother, Janek, escaped and Turgel never saw him after that. On March 1, 1942, Gena, her mother, and her sisters Miriam and Hela were sent to the Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp. Turgel's sister Miriam and her husband were shot after being caught trying to smuggle food into the camp.

Gena, Estela, and Hela were then part of the last forced march from Płaszów to Auschwitz-Birkenau in December 1944. Months later she was part of the "death march" to Buchenwald before finally being sent to the Bergen-Belsen camp.

She survived the bombing of Poland and the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, where she nursed a dying Anne Frank.

Personal life

She married a British soldier, Norman Turgel, after the liberation of Bergen-Belsen and the British press called her "the Bride of Belsen." The ceremony was officiated by Jewish British Army chaplain Padre Capt. Leslie Henry Hardman Her wedding dress, made from a British army parachute, is an exhibit in the Imperial War Museum in London. Norman held a party to celebrate his engagement to Gena at Belsen having been granted permission to do so by Major Leonard Berney, the commander of the Bergen-Belsen Displaced Persons Camp (as it was then called).

Her memoir, I Light a Candle, was published in 1987. She spent much of her life educating British school pupils about the Holocaust.

Death
She died on 7 June 2018, at the age of 95 in England. Upon news of her death, Britain's chief rabbi, Ephraim Mirvis, called her a "truly remarkable Holocaust Survivor", and said: "Her legacy is our responsibility now."

References

External links
Wedding photo of Gena Goldfinger and Norman Turgel, taken at Bergen-Belsen

 Gina and Pia Turgel, photo, may 1945, Jüdisches Museum Berlin

Category:Holocaust survivors
Category:1923 births
Category:2018 deaths
Category:Bergen-Belsen concentration camp survivors
Category:Jewish writers
Category:After Dark (British TV series) participants

textbook:
Lesson: The Holocaust

Introduction:
The Holocaust was a genocide during World War II in which six million Jews were murdered by the Nazi regime and its collaborators. Gena Turgel was a survivor of the Holocaust, and her story is a reminder of the atrocities that occurred during this time. In this lesson, we will learn about the Holocaust, including its causes, events, and consequences.

Section 1: Causes of the Holocaust

Question: What were the causes of the Holocaust?
Answer: The causes of the Holocaust were complex and included economic, political, social, and ideological factors. One of the main factors was the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany, who blamed the Jews for Germany's economic and political problems. Other factors included anti-Semitism, nationalism, and the desire to create a "pure" Aryan race.

Section 2: Events of the Holocaust

Question: What were some of the events of the Holocaust?
Answer: Some of the events of the Holocaust included the Nuremberg Laws, the Kristallnacht pogrom, the establishment of concentration camps, and the Final Solution. The Nuremberg Laws were a set of laws that stripped Jews of their citizenship and rights. Kristallnacht was a night of violence and destruction against Jews and their property. Concentration camps were used to imprison and murder Jews, and the Final Solution was the plan to exterminate all Jews in Europe.

Section 3: Consequences of the Holocaust

Question: What were the consequences of the Holocaust?
Answer: The consequences of the Holocaust were devastating and included the loss of millions of lives, the displacement of many more, and the trauma experienced by survivors. The Holocaust also led to the creation of Israel as a safe haven for Jewish people and the establishment of international human rights laws.

Glossary:
- Genocide: The deliberate killing of a large group of people, such as an ethnic or religious group, with the intent to destroy the entire group.
- Aryan: A member of the Indo-Iranian group of peoples, including the Persians, Medes, and Hindus.
- Pogrom: A mob attack, especially against Jews.

Conclusion:
The Holocaust was a horrific event in history that must never be forgotten. By learning about the causes, events, and consequences of the Holocaust, we can better understand the importance of tolerance, respect, and human rights. We can also use this knowledge to work towards creating a more just and peaceful world.


text: Fair Lady Programs & Brands. Center Stage Theater is a vibrant community performing arts center located right in the heart of central Naperville!. Center Stage Theater brings unique theatrical experiences to the Naperville area. We warmly welcome community groups, performers, bands and budding artists who seek a launching pad for their artistic endeavors. Additionally, we offer ample, affordable and centrally located meeting space perfect for local business, non-profit organization and community gatherings. A wide range of groups and individuals leverage our theater, not only for our terrific facility but also for the invaluable professional expertise we can contribute to successful stage productions, conferences and more. Click here to learn more about the Center Stage Theater mission.. Choose Center Stage Theater for:. EVENTS

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Community Performing Arts Centers

### Section 1: What is a Community Performing Arts Center?

A community performing arts center is a place where people from all walks of life come together to enjoy and participate in the performing arts. These centers provide a platform for artists to showcase their talents and for audiences to experience live performances. They also offer educational programs, workshops, and classes for people of all ages to learn and develop their skills in various art forms.

### Section 2: Why are Community Performing Arts Centers Important?

Community performing arts centers play an essential role in promoting cultural awareness and appreciation within a community. They bring people together to celebrate and share their diverse cultural backgrounds through music, dance, theater, and other art forms. By providing access to the arts, these centers foster creativity, inspire imagination, and encourage personal growth.

### Section 3: How do Community Performing Arts Centers Operate?

Community performing arts centers operate as non-profit organizations that rely on donations, grants, and fundraising efforts to support their programs and events. They typically have a volunteer board of directors who oversee the management and direction of the organization. The center's staff includes professionals in various areas such as marketing, finance, and production.

### Section 4: Types of Events Hosted by Community Performing Arts Centers

Community performing arts centers host a wide range of events, including:

1. Theater productions: These can be plays, musicals, or other types of stage performances.
2. Concerts: These can feature local or national musicians and bands.
3. Dance performances: These can include ballet, modern, or other styles of dance.
4. Film screenings: These can feature independent films, documentaries, or classic movies.
5. Lectures and workshops: These can cover topics such as art history, creative writing, or acting techniques.
6. Community events: These can include festivals, fairs, or other community gatherings.

### Section 5: The Role of Volunteers in Community Performing Arts Centers

Volunteers play a crucial role in the success of community performing arts centers. They help with various tasks such as:

1. Ushering: Greeting audience members, handing out programs, and guiding them to their seats.
2. Box office: Selling tickets, answering questions, and handling transactions.
3. Production: Assisting with set design, costumes, and props.
4. Marketing and public relations: Promoting events through social media, press releases, and other channels.
5. Fundraising: Organizing events, soliciting donations, and managing sponsorships.

### Glossary:
- Non-profit organization: An organization whose primary goal is not to generate profit but to serve a specific purpose, such as promoting the arts.
- Board of directors: A group of individuals elected to oversee the management and direction of a non-profit organization.
- Volunteer: A person who willingly offers their time and services to a cause without being paid.

### Conclusion:
Community performing arts centers play a vital role in promoting cultural awareness and appreciation within a community. By providing access to the arts, these centers foster creativity, inspire imagination, and encourage personal growth. Whether you are interested in participating in events, volunteering, or simply enjoying live performances, community performing arts centers offer something for everyone.


text: FMC and Chr. Hansen signed agreements that will help develop new biological products like nematicides and plant health promoters for agriculture.. FMC’s Agricultural Products Group will be working with Chr. Hansen for the development of new biological products like nematicides and plant health promoters for agriculture. The two companies recently announced their exclusive agreements.. Under the agreements, FMC will begin commercialization of Chr. Hansen’s Nemix bacillus product in Brazil and will develop new products for agriculture in the Americas. Chr. Hansen has a library of existing bacillus products for FMC to evaluate... Chr. Hansen is a global bioscience company that develops natural ingredient solutions for the food, nutritional, pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. FMC Corporation is a diversified chemical company serving agricultural, industrial and consumer markets globally.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Biotechnology in Agriculture

### Section 1: What is Biotechnology?
Biotechnology is the use of living organisms or their products to create or modify products and processes for specific uses. In agriculture, biotechnology is used to improve crop yields, protect crops from pests and diseases, and develop new products for farmers.

### Section 2: Why use Biotechnology in Agriculture?
Biotechnology in agriculture offers several benefits, including:

1. Improved Crop Yields: Biotechnology can help increase crop yields by developing plants that are more resistant to pests and diseases, or that can grow in harsher conditions.

2. Pest and Disease Control: Biotechnology can help protect crops from pests and diseases by developing genetically modified crops that are resistant to these threats.

3. Development of New Products: Biotechnology can help develop new products for farmers, such as seeds that are resistant to drought or flooding, or fertilizers that are more efficient at delivering nutrients to crops.

4. Environmental Sustainability: Biotechnology can help reduce the need for chemical pesticides and fertilizers, which can harm the environment.

### Section 3: How does Biotechnology work in Agriculture?
Biotechnology in agriculture involves the use of living organisms or their products to develop new products or improve existing ones. For example, scientists may use genetic engineering to create plants that are resistant to pests and diseases, or they may develop new fertilizers that are more efficient at delivering nutrients to crops.

### Section 4: Practical Examples
One practical example of biotechnology in agriculture is the development of genetically modified crops. These crops have been engineered to be resistant to certain pests and diseases, which can help increase crop yields and reduce the need for chemical pesticides. Another example is the development of new fertilizers that are more efficient at delivering nutrients to crops, which can help farmers use less fertilizer while still achieving the same results.

### Section 5: Conclusion
Biotechnology is an important tool for improving agriculture and helping farmers produce more food in a sustainable way. By understanding the principles of biotechnology and its applications, we can better appreciate the potential of this technology to benefit our world.


text:
Stereotactic volumetric radiofrequency lesioning of intracranial structures for control of intractable seizures.
Computed tomography (CT) scans provide three-dimensional information about intracranial structures, which can be used to place stereotactically guided radiofrequency (RF) lesions and destroy a targeted volume of tissue. This technique was used for lesioning of the corpus callosum (CC) or the amygdala-hippocampus complex (AHC) in 9 patients with intractable seizures. The procedures were monitored by intraoperative CT scans. Lesions were made in the AHC in 7 patients and the CC in 2 patients. In addition, multiple subpial transection (MST) was performed in 6 patients. The longest follow-up is 29 months with a median of 19 months. Five patients (56%) are free of seizures, 3 patients (33%) have greater than 90% reduction in seizure activity and 1 patient (11%) has greater than 50% but at most 90% reduction in seizure activity. There were no complications except for temporary hemiparesis following MST in 1 patient. The results suggest that stereotactic volumetric RF lesioning of the AHC and the CC may be safe and effective in controlling intractable seizures.

textbook:
Lesson: Stereotactic Volumetric Radiofrequency Lesioning for Intractable Seizures

Introduction:
In this lesson, we will learn about stereotactic volumetric radiofrequency lesioning, a surgical procedure used to treat intractable seizures. We will cover the basics of the procedure, its benefits, and potential risks.

Section 1: What is Stereotactic Volumetric Radiofrequency Lesioning?
Stereotactic volumetric radiofrequency lesioning is a surgical procedure that involves placing stereotactically guided radiofrequency lesions in specific areas of the brain to destroy a targeted volume of tissue. This is done using computed tomography (CT) scans, which provide three-dimensional information about intracranial structures.

Section 2: Benefits of Stereotactic Volumetric Radiofrequency Lesioning
The main benefit of stereotactic volumetric radiofrequency lesioning is that it can help control intractable seizures in patients who have not responded to other treatments. Additionally, the procedure can be highly precise, minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.

Section 3: Potential Risks of Stereotactic Volumetric Radiofrequency Lesioning
While stereotactic volumetric radiofrequency lesioning can be an effective treatment for intractable seizures, there are potential risks associated with the procedure. These include infection, bleeding, and damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Additionally, there is a risk of worsening seizures or neurological deficits.

Section 4: How does Stereotactic Volumetric Radiofrequency Lesioning work?
Stereotactic volumetric radiofrequency lesioning involves placing stereotactically guided radiofrequency lesions in specific areas of the brain. This is done using CT scans, which provide three-dimensional information about intracranial structures. The procedure is monitored using intraoperative CT scans to ensure accuracy.

Section 5: Who is a candidate for Stereotactic Volumetric Radiofrequency Lesioning?
Patients with intractable seizures who have not responded to other treatments may be candidates for stereotactic volumetric radiofrequency lesioning. The decision to undergo the procedure is typically made after consultation with a neurologist and neurosurgeon.

Section 6: Conclusion
In conclusion, stereotactic volumetric radiofrequency lesioning is a surgical procedure that can help control intractable seizures in patients who have not responded to other treatments. While the procedure has potential risks, it can be highly precise and effective when performed by a skilled neurosurgeon. By understanding the basics of the procedure and its potential benefits and risks, patients can make informed decisions about their treatment options.


text: Read this excellent overview from UK experts at the Tyndall Centre to gain a greater understanding of greenhouse emissions from cities; the impacts of climate change on cities plus suggestions for response at city level to tackle the problem.. Global climate change is "very likely" to have a human cause claims a recent and very credible international report.. Take part in the British Council online global climate change debate launching 21 April 2005. Log-on to the openDemocracy website and have your say.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding Greenhouse Emissions and Climate Change

Introduction:
Greenhouse emissions are one of the leading causes of climate change, which has a significant impact on our planet. In this lesson, we will learn about greenhouse emissions, their sources, and the effects of climate change on cities. We will also explore some possible responses to tackle this problem at the city level.

Section 1: Understanding Greenhouse Emissions
- What are greenhouse gases?
- Why are they called "greenhouse" gases?
- What are the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions?
- How do greenhouse gases contribute to climate change?

Section 2: Impacts of Climate Change on Cities
- What are the effects of climate change on cities?
- How does temperature rise affect urban areas?
- What are the consequences of sea level rise on coastal cities?
- What are the health risks associated with climate change?

Section 3: Possible Responses to Tackle the Problem at City Level
- What can cities do to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?
- How can cities adapt to the impacts of climate change?
- What role do citizens play in addressing climate change?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, understanding the issue of greenhouse emissions and climate change is crucial for our future. By learning about the sources of emissions and the impacts of climate change on cities, we can take action to mitigate its effects. Cities can play a significant role in reducing emissions and adapting to the changes, and citizens can contribute by participating in initiatives and making conscious choices to reduce their carbon footprint.

Glossary:
- Greenhouse gases: gases that trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.
- Climate change: long-term shifts in temperatures, precipitation, and other aspects of the Earth's climate system.
- Sea level rise: the rise in the average level of the world's oceans and seas that occurs over time due to the warming of the Earth's climate system.


text:
Clarifies location of vigil to be on public property in front of Port of Port Angeles building.
Peninsula Daily News

PORT ANGELES — A candlelight vigil to protest the Keystone XL pipeline project will be held from 4:30 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. today on the sidewalk in front of Port of Port Angeles offices.

Olympic Climate Action's vigil is part of a national day of protests against the Keystone XL pipeline environmental report announced Friday.

The vigil at the 338 W. First St. offices will call on President Barack Obama to reject the controversial Keystone XL pipeline following the release of the State Department's Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement.

The proposed Keystone XL pipeline, which would run from Canada through the central United States to refineries in Texas, is part of an extraction process of massive fossil fuel deposits known as the “Alberta tar sands.”

Oil transported in the pipeline will not be made available to consumers in the U.S.

The U.S. State Department released an environmental report Friday, which said the pipeline will have no significant environmental impact in regard to greenhouse gas emissions.

In a statement, the group quoted NASA scientist James Hansen as saying extracting the fossil fuels in the Alberta tar sands means “game over” for the climate.

“We are for a sustainable world, one where all people, both now and into the future, have access to a decent livelihood. There is work to do conserving energy and producing it more sustainably. We cannot let the oil age preclude a future for our descendants,” the group said in its statement.

Olympic Climate Action's members will lead the Port Angeles vigil in “mourning” the decision.

“It's really an overwhelming problem. Coming together as a group is more successful than sitting around worrying about it,” said Ed Chadd, a founding member of the action group.

Participants in the vigil are encouraged to dress warmly and bring a candle.

Candles will be provided for those who don't have one, Chadd said.

“We don't know what else to do. We're really worried about what's going to happen to our kids and grandkids,” he said.

The organization chose to hold vigil in front of the Port of Port Angeles office to remind residents that parts of the fossil fuel extraction infrastructure exists in the Port Angeles community.

Oil tankers frequently use port facilities for repair and fueling.

“Port Angeles Harbor has been a working harbor for millennia,” the group said.

“Work does not depend on oil. Rather, we recognize there are no jobs on a dead planet.”

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Protests

Overview: In this lesson, we will learn about protests and why they are important in democratic societies. We will explore the different types of protests, their purposes, and how they can impact change.

Objectives:
- Understand the meaning of a protest
- Identify the different types of protests
- Recognize the purposes of protests
- Analyze the impact of protests on society

Section 1: What is a Protest?

A protest is an organized public display of expression, usually to draw attention to a cause or to show disapproval of something. It is an act of civil disobedience that seeks to bring about change.

Section 2: Types of Protests

There are different types of protests, including:

1. Sitting protests: These involve people sitting down in a public place to demonstrate their opposition to something.

2. Marches: These involve people walking together in a public place to show their support for or opposition to something.

3. Rallies: These involve a large group of people gathering in a public place to hear speakers express their views on a particular issue.

4. Petitions: These involve people signing a document to show their support for or opposition to something.

5. Boycotts: These involve people refusing to buy or use a particular product or service to show their opposition to something.

Section 3: Purposes of Protests

Protests serve different purposes, including:

1. To raise awareness about an issue
2. To show support for a particular position
3. To pressure decision-makers to take action
4. To disrupt business as usual
5. To create a sense of urgency around an issue

Section 4: Impact of Protests

Protests can have a significant impact on society. They can:

1. Bring about changes in laws or policies
2. Increase public awareness about an issue
3. Put pressure on decision-makers to take action
4. Lead to changes in public opinion
5. Encourage further activism

Section 5: Discussion Questions

1. Why do you think people engage in protests?
2. Can protests ever be violent? Why or why not?
3. How can protests impact change in society?
4. What role do protests play in a democratic society?
5. How can we ensure that our protests are peaceful and effective?

Glossary:
- Civil disobedience: Refusal to obey the laws of a government or authority
- Demonstration: A public display of support or opposition to something
- Activism: The use of direct action, lobbying, or other forms of advocacy to bring about political or social change

Conclusion:

In conclusion, protests are an important tool for bringing about change in society. By understanding the different types of protests, their purposes, and their impact, we can engage in effective and peaceful activism. Remember to always think critically and ask questions to ensure that our protests are effective in bringing about the change we seek.


text: Sustainability book teaches tweens to be environmental heroes. The book teaches kids at an early age, through animation and music, how to conserve water (ABC7). WASHINGTON (ABC 7) —. Every day, more and more states are announcing environmental weather challenges, including California, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Arizona, Idaho, Washington and New Mexico.. Albin Gielicz, co-author of "The Super Sustainables," says his book is creating a new generation of environmental heroes. The action-packed novel shares an empowering message with its tween readers: "when it comes to saving the planet, and saving water, every kid can be a hero!" "The Super Sustainables" hits bookshelves April 22!

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Environmental Sustainability
#### Section 1: What is Environmental Sustainability?
Environmental sustainability refers to the responsible use of natural resources to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It involves taking care of the environment and making sure that it can continue to support life.
#### Section 2: Why is Environmental Sustainability Important?
Environmental sustainability is important because it helps to protect the earth's resources for future generations. It also helps to reduce pollution, conserve energy, and promote a healthier and happier society.
#### Section 3: How Can We Be Environmental Heroes?
To be environmental heroes, we can take small steps towards sustainability such as reducing waste, conserving water, and recycling. We can also educate ourselves and others about the importance of environmental sustainability and advocate for policies that promote it.
#### Section 4: Practical Examples
One practical example of how we can be environmental heroes is by reducing our carbon footprint. This can be done by using public transportation, walking, or biking instead of driving. We can also switch to renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power.
#### Section 5: Conclusion
By learning about environmental sustainability and taking small steps towards it, we can become environmental heroes and help to protect the earth's resources for future generations.


text: British Property Award Winner 2017 & 2018. Other Requirements. Located in the heart of Benfleet, just moments walk to the high street is this two bedroom, first floor maisonette in the King John catchment area.. Internally comprised of a spacious living room, fully fitted kitchen with space to dine, double master bedroom, single second bedroom, family bathroom and loft space. The property has recently undergone redecoration works and is perfect for a small family or a first time buyer.. Additional features include a private rear garden, lock up storage room, gas central heating (untested) and double glazing.. Melcombe Road is located conveniently to the high road, whilst Benfleet Station and the A13 are within easy reach.. Unit B, 20,. Western Gateway,. London, E16 1BS. +44 (0)20 3946 6000. Rival for the South Bank: Royal Arsenal Riverside. Help to Buy now helped over 400,000 first time buyers

textbook:
Lesson: Real Estate Investment

Introduction:
Real estate investment is the process of purchasing property to generate income or capital gains. It is a popular form of investment because it can provide a stable source of passive income and appreciate over time. In this lesson, we will explore the basics of real estate investment, including the different types of properties, how to evaluate a property, and the risks involved.

Types of Properties:
There are several types of properties that can be invested in, including residential, commercial, industrial, and land. Each type of property has its own unique characteristics and risks.

Residential properties include single-family homes, townhouses, condos, and multi-family buildings with 4 or fewer units. These properties are typically rented out to tenants who pay rent on a monthly basis.

Commercial properties include office buildings, retail spaces, warehouses, and other types of buildings that are used for business purposes. These properties are often leased to tenants who pay rent on a monthly or annual basis.

Industrial properties include factories, warehouses, and other types of buildings that are used for manufacturing or distribution. These properties are typically leased to tenants who use the space for their business operations.

Land is another type of property that can be invested in. This can include vacant lots, farmland, or other undeveloped land. Land can be held for speculation, or it can be developed and sold for a profit.

Evaluating a Property:
Before investing in a property, it's essential to evaluate it carefully to ensure that it is a good investment. Here are some factors to consider:

Location: The location of the property is crucial. Properties in desirable areas with strong economies and high demand for housing tend to perform better than those in areas with weaker economies and lower demand.

Condition: The condition of the property is also important. Properties that need significant repairs or renovations may require more money upfront but can potentially yield higher returns in the long run.

Rent Potential: The rent potential of the property is another important factor to consider. Properties that are in high demand and have the potential to generate high rental income are generally more attractive investments.

Risk: Investing in real estate always involves some level of risk. Market conditions can change, tenants can default on their rent, and properties can become damaged or require costly repairs. It's essential to understand the risks involved and have a plan for managing them.

Conclusion:
Real estate investment can be a lucrative form of investment, but it's essential to do your research and understand the risks involved. By evaluating properties carefully and having a solid understanding of the market, you can make informed decisions and build a successful real estate investment portfolio.

Glossary:
- Real Estate: Property consisting of land and buildings.
- Investment: The act of committing money or capital to an enterprise with the expectation of gaining a profit.
- Appreciation: An increase in the value of an asset or property.
- Tenant: A person who rents a property from a landlord.
- Lease: A contract between a landlord and a tenant that outlines the terms of the rental agreement.
- Cash Flow: The money that comes in each month from rental income after expenses have been paid.


text: Wireframe:. In this final presentation, we redesign the icons and the tour packages graphics to make our app more attractive and clear.. For the flow in iPhone, the most thing we have changed is make the hierarchy clear in the tour package. Clearly states the distance and time people would have spend in each tour.. Also, We get rid off the function of bike riding. We replaced it to the function of exploring the central park by categories. And what’s more, we have the function of map which can show where you are, and what are the things nearby.. For the flow in Apple Watch, we get rid of the order number of the graphics and add the next stop under the bottom of the map. Also, we made the navigation bar clearer in words.. Digital Prototype on iPhone:. Digital Prototype on AppleWatch:. What we have learnt in the final presentation:. iPhone:. - Is that possible to save the plan already done?. Apple Watch:. - cannot do back and forth (push over). - add audio

textbook:
Lesson: Design Thinking in Mobile App Development

Introduction:
Design thinking is a problem-solving approach that involves understanding user needs, brainstorming solutions, prototyping, and testing. In this lesson, we will learn how design thinking can be applied in mobile app development.

Section 1: Understanding User Needs
- Why is it important to understand user needs when designing a mobile app?
- What are some common mistakes designers make when they don't understand user needs?
- How can we gather information about user needs?

Section 2: Brainstorming Solutions
- What is brainstorming?
- How can we generate ideas during the brainstorming process?
- How can we evaluate the ideas generated during the brainstorming process?

Section 3: Prototyping
- What is prototyping?
- Why is prototyping important in mobile app development?
- How can we create a low-fidelity prototype? A high-fidelity prototype?

Section 4: Testing
- What is testing?
- How can we test our mobile app prototype?
- What are some common mistakes designers make when testing their mobile app prototype?

Conclusion:
In this lesson, we learned how design thinking can be applied in mobile app development. By understanding user needs, brainstorming solutions, prototyping, and testing, we can create mobile apps that meet the needs of users and provide a great user experience.

Glossary:
- Design Thinking: A problem-solving approach that involves understanding user needs, brainstorming solutions, prototyping, and testing.
- User Needs: The requirements, preferences, and expectations of the people who will use the mobile app.
- Brainstorming: A group problem-solving technique that involves generating and evaluating ideas.
- Prototyping: Creating a preliminary version of an app or website to test its feasibility, work out design and functionality issues, and evaluate its potential.
- Testing: Evaluating a mobile app prototype to identify any issues or problems and improve the user experience.


text:
[General features of myocardial protection in heart surgery].
Cardioplegia solutions commonly used in cardiac surgery, without doubt, have decreased the damage to the myocardium during these procedures; nonetheless, optimal cardioplegia composition is still under investigation, one of the most important factors to date is the use of hypothermia. Intermittent cold cardioplegia has been adopted as the choice for myocardial protection by surgeons. An alternative method, based on the principles of electromechanic asystole and normothermic aerobic perfusion, is the use of blood cardioplegia. As Follete et al. demonstrated, blood cardioplegia protects more than asanguineous cardioplegia, this conclusion is based on abnormal electrocardiographic tracings and enzyme activity in the postoperative period when both methods are compared. In this review we make a brief introduction on the physiologic and ischemic conditions of the myocardial cell, as well as on the principles of myocardial protection and techniques designed to avoid ischemic damage.

textbook:
Lesson Title: Myocardial Protection in Heart Surgery

Introduction:
Myocardial protection is essential during heart surgery to prevent damage to the heart muscle. This lesson will cover the general features of myocardial protection in heart surgery, including the use of cardioplegia solutions and hypothermia.

Section 1: Physiological and Ischemic Conditions of the Myocardial Cell

The myocardium is the muscular layer of the heart that contracts to pump blood throughout the body. When the blood supply to the myocardium is interrupted, the cells can become damaged or die due to lack of oxygen and nutrients. This is known as ischemia.

Ischemia can lead to several changes within the myocardial cell, including:

1. Decreased ATP production
2. Increased intracellular calcium levels
3. Activation of enzymes such as creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
4. Release of troponin

Section 2: Principles of Myocardial Protection

Myocardial protection aims to minimize ischemic damage to the heart during surgery. This can be achieved through several methods:

1. Hypothermia: Lowering the body temperature of the patient can reduce metabolic demand on the heart and decrease the risk of ischemia.
2. Cardioplegia: A solution is injected into the heart to stop its contractions and prevent ischemia. This solution may contain blood, ice-cold saline, or other substances.
3. Electromechanical asystole: The heart's electrical activity is stopped using drugs, which prevents any further contractions and reduces the need for blood flow.
4. Normothermic aerobic perfusion: Oxygenated blood is circulated through the heart to maintain normal temperature and provide nutrients to the myocardium.

Section 3: Techniques for Myocardial Protection

1. Intermittent cold blood cardioplegia: This method involves cooling the blood before it is pumped into the heart to protect it from ischemia.
2. Continuous warm blood cardioplegia: Warm blood is pumped into the heart to maintain normal temperature and provide nutrients while preventing ischemia.
3. Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB): The heart is not stopped during this procedure, and blood flow is maintained to the myocardium.

Section 4: Conclusion

In conclusion, understanding the physiological and ischemic conditions of the myocardial cell and the principles of myocardial protection are crucial for developing effective techniques to prevent ischemic damage during heart surgery. Cardioplegia solutions and hypothermia are common methods used to protect the myocardium during these procedures. Further research is needed to determine the optimal composition of cardioplegia solutions and the best methods for myocardial protection.

Glossary:
- Myocardium: The muscular layer of the heart responsible for contractions
- Ischemia: Reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, leading to damage or death of cells
- Cardioplegia: A solution injected into the heart to stop its contractions
- Hypothermia: Lowering body temperature to reduce metabolic demand on the heart
- Electromechanical asystole: Stopping the heart's electrical activity to prevent further contractions
- Normothermic aerobic perfusion: Circulating oxygenated blood through the heart to maintain normal temperature and provide nutrients

Self-Debate Discussion:

Which method of myocardial protection do you think is the most effective? Why?

Answer: The most effective method of myocardial protection depends on the specific needs of the patient and the type of heart surgery being performed. However, intermittent cold blood cardioplegia is a widely used and effective method for protecting the myocardium during heart surgery. It has been shown to decrease the risk of ischemic damage compared to other methods, such as asanguineous cardioplegia. Additionally, the use of hypothermia can further reduce the risk of ischemia during the procedure. Ultimately, the choice of method should be based on a thorough assessment of the patient's condition and the specific needs of the surgery.


text: - Karen Kristof shares how a college uses the School Profile to understand each high school. - Karen talks about how they evaluate a student who is at a poor high school. - Karen shares you evaluate a student who is at a school with a lot of really high achievers. - Karen shares whether a student will get passed over because they come from a really poor high school. - Karen shares if they tell if a school has grade inflation or grade deflation. - Karen and Mark discuss reading by the school group

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding School Profiles

Introduction:
School profiles are an essential tool for understanding the academic performance of a high school. They provide valuable information about the school's curriculum, graduation rates, test scores, and other relevant data. In this lesson, we will explore what school profiles are, why they are important, and how they can be used to evaluate students from different high schools.

Section 1: What is a School Profile?
A school profile is a document that provides information about a particular school. It includes details such as the school's mission statement, curriculum, graduation rates, test scores, and other relevant data. School profiles are typically created by the school itself and are made available to prospective students and their families.

Why are School Profiles Important?
School profiles are important because they provide valuable information about a school's academic performance. They can help parents and students make informed decisions about which schools to attend. Additionally, school profiles can be used by colleges and universities to evaluate applicants from different high schools.

Section 2: Evaluating Students from Different High Schools
When evaluating students from different high schools, colleges and universities look for several factors. These include the school's curriculum, graduation rates, test scores, and other relevant data. They also consider the rigor of the courses taken by the student and the quality of the extracurricular activities in which the student participated.

Questions to Consider:
- How does the curriculum at the student's high school compare to other schools?
- What is the graduation rate at the student's high school?
- How do the test scores of the student's high school compare to other schools?
- What is the quality of the extracurricular activities at the student's high school?

Section 3: Grade Inflation and Deflation
Grade inflation refers to the practice of awarding higher grades than would be expected based on the student's performance. Grade deflation, on the other hand, refers to the practice of awarding lower grades than would be expected based on the student's performance. Colleges and universities take these practices into account when evaluating applicants.

Questions to Consider:
- Does the student's high school have a history of grade inflation or deflation?
- How does the grading system at the student's high school compare to other schools?
- What is the average GPA of students at the student's high school?

Conclusion:
In conclusion, school profiles are an essential tool for understanding the academic performance of a high school. They provide valuable information about the school's curriculum, graduation rates, test scores, and other relevant data. By evaluating students from different high schools, colleges and universities can make informed decisions about which applicants to admit. By considering factors such as grade inflation and deflation, they can ensure that they are admitting students who have been fairly evaluated.


text: Error. Uroš Umek. Profile of the performer Error: DJ and producer from Slovenia.. So in the Web you may find Error on the Web by this links:. -. -. Video clips of Error:. Watch now Error's video clips! Click right here:. Full discography of Error:. Choose albums of full discography of Error. Click to title of release (album or single) to check out the track list of the release. Select page:. Select page:

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Web Searching

## Section 1: Theoretical Concepts

In this lesson, we will learn about web searching, which is the process of finding information on the internet using search engines like Google, Bing, and Yahoo. We will cover the following concepts:

1. What is a search engine?
2. How do search engines work?
3. Why is web searching important?

**Question and Answer:**

1. What is a search engine?
Answer: A search engine is a software program that searches a database of websites to find the information you are looking for.

2. How do search engines work?
Answer: Search engines use algorithms to crawl the web, index pages, and rank them based on relevance. When you type a keyword into a search engine, it uses its algorithm to find the most relevant pages and display them in the search results.

3. Why is web searching important?
Answer: Web searching is important because it allows us to access vast amounts of information quickly and easily. It helps us find answers to our questions, learn new things, and stay informed about current events.

## Section 2: Practical Examples

Let's say you want to learn more about the history of the United States. You can use a search engine to find information on this topic. Here's an example search query: "history of the United States."

When you click the search button, the search engine will display a list of websites that contain the keywords "history of the United States." You can then click on these websites to read more about this topic.

You can also use advanced search techniques to narrow down your search results. For example, you can use quotation marks around a phrase to search for an exact match. Or, you can use the "filetype" operator to search for specific document types, such as PDFs or Word documents.

## Section 3: Real-World Scenarios

Now let's say you are working on a research paper about the effects of climate change on agriculture. You need to find scholarly articles on this topic to support your arguments. Here's an example search query: "climate change AND agriculture AND scholarly articles."

Using a search engine, you can find scholarly articles that discuss the effects of climate change on agriculture. You can then read these articles to gather information for your research paper.

Remember to evaluate the credibility of the sources you find. Look for articles published by reputable organizations or authors with expertise in the field. Also, make sure to cite your sources properly to avoid plagiarism.

## Glossary

- Algorithm: A set of instructions or rules to follow when solving a problem or completing a task.
- Crawl: The process of search engines sending out bots to scan websites and add their content to the search engine's index.
- Index: A database of all the content that a search engine has found and deemed relevant.
- Relevance: The degree to which a website or piece of content matches the user's search query.

## Conclusion

Web searching is a valuable skill that can help you find information on any topic quickly and easily. By understanding the basics of how search engines work and using advanced search techniques, you can improve your search results and find the information you need. Remember to evaluate the credibility of your sources and cite them properly to avoid plagiarism. With these skills, you can apply them to any problem or scenario where you need to find information.


text: At present, a power-on triggering manner is used for triggering a latch hook of a steel rope brake used in an elevator. However, the power-on triggering control manner has a disadvantage that a triggering device is unable to trigger a switch (latch hook) mechanism of a brake in case that external power is lost, a back up supply is insufficient, or a circuit or device goes wrong, and thus it has a high safety risk degree. Specifically speaking, a power-on triggering manner has long safety chains along vertical and horizontal directions. In the vertical direction, a safety chain formed by a power supply, a control logic unit, an electromagnet, a back-up power supply and a triggering device. In the horizontal direction, in a power-on triggering process, failure detecting and monitoring links are more, and it is relatively difficult to implement failure-free monitoring feedback, where a brake is unable to pick up as long as one link goes wrong because this may cause a fatal risk that a switch (locking) mechanism is failed in turning on; meanwhile, the power-on triggering is larger in sustained current, and larger in capacity required for a back-up power supply, slow in system response, and high in power consumption.

textbook:
Lesson: Understanding the Risks of Power-On Triggering Manner in Elevator Brake Systems

**Introduction**

In this lesson, we will learn about the risks associated with the power-on triggering manner used in triggering a latch hook of a steel rope brake in an elevator. We will explore the disadvantages of this method and discuss why it poses a high safety risk degree.

**Section 1: Understanding the Power-On Triggering Manner**

The power-on triggering manner is a method used to trigger a latch hook of a steel rope brake in an elevator. This method relies on the presence of external power to function properly. When power is applied, the brake system is activated, and the elevator can move. If power is lost, the brake system fails to engage, and the elevator becomes disabled.

**Section 2: Disadvantages of Power-On Triggering Manner**

The power-on triggering manner has several disadvantages. Firstly, it relies on the presence of external power, which means that if power is lost, the brake system will not engage, and the elevator will become disabled. This can lead to safety risks, particularly if the elevator is in use when power is lost. Secondly, the power-on triggering manner has a high safety risk degree due to the long safety chains along vertical and horizontal directions. In the vertical direction, a safety chain is formed by a power supply, a control logic unit, an electromagnet, a back-up power supply, and a triggering device. In the horizontal direction, failure detecting and monitoring links are more, and it is relatively difficult to implement failure-free monitoring feedback. This means that even a small error in the system can cause a fatal risk that a brake is unable to pick up as long as one link goes wrong.

**Section 3: Critical Thinking Questions**

1. Why is it dangerous for an elevator to become disabled when power is lost?
2. What are some potential causes of errors in the power-on triggering manner?
3. How can the risks associated with the power-on triggering manner be mitigated?

**Section 4: Glossary**

- Power-on triggering manner: A method used to trigger a latch hook of a steel rope brake in an elevator that relies on the presence of external power.
- Safety chain: A series of interconnected components that work together to ensure the safe operation of an elevator brake system.
- Back-up power supply: A secondary power source that can be used to provide power to an elevator brake system in the event of a primary power failure.

**Conclusion**

In this lesson, we have learned about the power-on triggering manner used in triggering a latch hook of a steel rope brake in an elevator. We have discussed the disadvantages of this method and why it poses a high safety risk degree. We have also explored critical thinking questions to help us understand the risks associated with this method. By understanding these risks, we can work towards mitigating them and ensuring the safe operation of elevator brake systems.


text:
Meet the 2013 Petties Grant $10K winner: Blind Cat Rescue & Sanctuary

Alana Miller (left) and a friend are greeted by the news that Blind Cat Rescue & Sanctuary won the 2013 Petties $10,000 Grant.

Nestled in the small town of St. Pauls in North Carolina, is a place for some very special cats — a lifetime sanctuary for felines who all have one thing in common.

They are all blind.

Welcome to the Blind Cat Rescue & Sanctuary, winner of the 2013 Petties Grant $10,000 prize. Each year the Petties let readers submit the name of a non-profit rescue or shelter in need, and for 2013, by a wide margin, BCRS got the most votes.

“I did not get my first cat until I was in my 30s,” Alana Miller, BCRS director, says. “I spent seven years volunteering in all capacities with a local animal shelter.

“I started [Blind Cat Rescue] in 2005 because there were just no resources for blind cats back then, and I had a blind cat,” Miller says. “In North Carolina, the law states an animal who is blind, sick, or injured can be immediately euthanized and I am sure many are.”

Eight years, and countless 13-plus hour workdays later, BCRS currently has 97 felines at the facility, and to date approximately 156 felines have gone through its doors. BCRS also plays a contributing role in the online community, as its Blind Cat Rescue and Sanctuary, Inc. Facebook page has posted and helped save hundreds of cats with various ailments — such as blindness, FIV, and Leukemia.

Miller dispels some misconceptions about blind cats, including keeping your furniture in the same place and remembering that keeping a mindset the animals are handicapped. “Neither is true,” she says. “A blind cat has no clue they are blind; they know they are cats and they act like cats. We have cats who race up climbers and run on our giant cat wheels,” among other activities.

The BCRS operates without government funding and relies solely on donations. With the high cost of medical and dental care each cat receives via yearly exams, Miller says the Petties Grant prize will go a long way to help with those expenses.

textbook:
Lesson: Introduction to Probability

### Overview:
Probability is a branch of mathematics that deals with the likelihood of events occurring. It is used in various fields such as statistics, gambling, and finance. In this lesson, we will introduce the concept of probability and its applications.

### Objectives:
- Understand the basic concepts of probability
- Learn how to calculate simple probabilities
- Apply probability concepts to real-life situations

### Section 1: What is Probability?

Probability is the chance or likelihood of an event happening. It is usually expressed as a percentage or a fraction between 0 and 1. For example, if you toss a coin, the probability of getting heads is 0.5 or 50%.

### Section 2: Types of Probability

There are two types of probability:

1. Theoretical Probability: This type of probability assumes that an experiment can be performed an infinite number of times under the same conditions. It is calculated using the formula: P(A) = n(A)/N, where n(A) is the number of successful outcomes in the sample space, and N is the total number of possible outcomes.

2. Experimental Probability: This type of probability is based on actual experiments and observations. It is calculated using the formula: P(A) = number of successful trials / total number of trials.

### Section 3: Applications of Probability

Probability has many applications in various fields, such as:

1. Gambling: Casinos use probability to determine the odds of winning games like roulette, blackjack, and slot machines.

2. Insurance: Insurance companies use probability to calculate premiums based on the likelihood of certain risks.

3. Sports: Sports teams use probability to analyze their chances of winning a game or tournament.

4. Medicine: Doctors use probability to determine the likelihood of a patient developing a certain disease or condition.

5. Finance: Investors use probability to make informed decisions about investments and risk management.

### Section 4: Practice Problems

1. A bag contains 6 red balls and 4 blue balls. If two balls are drawn at random, what is the probability of both being red?

Solution: There are a total of 10 balls in the bag. The probability of drawing two red balls is 6/10, which simplifies to 3/5 or 0.6.

2. A fair six-sided die is rolled twice. What is the probability of rolling a sum of 7?

Solution: There are 6 sides on each die, so there are a total of 6 x 6 = 36 possible outcomes when rolling two dice. The only combination that adds up to 7 is 2 + 5. Therefore, the probability of rolling a sum of 7 is 1/36 or 0.0278 (rounded to four decimal places).

### Conclusion:

Probability is an essential tool for making informed decisions in various fields. By understanding the concept of probability and its applications, we can better analyze risks and opportunities.