Defining EMS Systems

Emergency Medical Services (EMS) our pre-hospital health care services delivered to residents of a community who suddenly become ill or injured under emergency conditions. Its scope includes a quick response, detailed assessment, immediate treatment of life threatening illnesses or injuries, and transportation to definitive care. Emergency medical services are provided by public, private, or non-profit entities with the authority and the resources to effectively administer the services.

Components of an EMS System

The components of an EMS System include:

  • Access to care
  • Communications
  • Consumer participation
  • Coordinated patient record keeping
  • Critical care units
  • Disaster plan
  • Facilities
  • Manpower
  • Mutual aid
  • Patient transfer
  • Public information and education
  • Public safety agencies
  • Review and evaluation
  • Training
  • Transportation

Establishment

The Emergency Medical Services Act of 1973 established standards for the organization of emergency services. Prior to 1974, government involvement in emergency medical services was primarily limited to providing an emergency department in the public hospital. Private operators, predominantly funeral homes, provided emergency transportation.