Idaho State


In the early 1860s, when the United States Congress was considering organizing a new territory in the Rocky Mountains, eccentric lobbyist George M. Willing suggested the name "Idaho", which he claimed was derived from a Shoshone language term meaning "the sun comes from the mountains" or "gem of the mountains". Willing later claimed that he had simply invented the name. Despite this lack of evidence for the origin of the name, many textbooks well into the 20th century repeated as fact Willing's account that the name "Idaho" derived from the Shoshone term "ee-da-how".

The name "Idaho" may be derived from the Plains Apache word "ídaahe´", which means "enemy." The Comanches used this word to refer to the Idaho Territory.

Mapped Location

200 miles
250 km
© 2024 TomTom, Earthstar Geographics SIO, © 2025 Microsoft Corporation
Idaho: The mapped location is an approximation and should not be used for navigation or wayfinding.

 

Information

General information on Idaho

  • Feature Type: State
  • State Capitol: City of Boise
  • Established as a Territory: Wednesday, March 4, 1863
  • Admitted to the Union: Thursday, July 3, 1890

 

Official, historical, colloquial and alternative toponyms for Idaho

A brief list of names that this geographic feature has been named

Name Description
State of Idaho Official

 

Origin Notes and History of Idaho

References to Idaho that document the origin of its place name

HISTORICAL.—Until 1848 what is now Idaho was a part of the Northwest coast. From 1848 to 1853 it was a part of Oregon territory. From 1853 to 1859 all Idaho north of 46° was attached to Washington Territory, while all south of that remained in Oregon. From 1859 to 1863 ail Idaho was a part of Washington. The name Idaho was first applied in 1863 when it was formed into a territory. In 1864 Montana and in 1868 Wyoming were created out of Idaho, and in 1890 it was admitted as the forty-third state of the American Union. Oregon is Idaho's grandmother; Washington her mother; and Montana and Wyoming her daughters.


 

Related Online Resources

Idaho Bibliography Project

The Idaho Bibliography Project is intended to provide a comprehensive list of nonfiction about the state of Idaho–presented in a browseable website that encourages you to discover the unique books written about the history of your local area.

WEB LINK

Idaho State Historical Society

The Idaho State Historical Society continues to build on a 140-year legacy of preserving and promoting Idaho history. We have grown from our original charge of chronicling the state’s story to engaging Idahoans through inspiring educational services

WEB LINK

Idaho.gov

The Official Website of the State of Idaho

WEB LINK

Boise State University Special Collections

Founded in 1973, Special Collections and Archives is a resource for university, local, and Idaho history. We welcome anyone from the campus or public communities to view or research our collections.

WEB LINK

Idaho State University Special Collections

Special Collections and Archives at the Eli M. Oboler Library, Idaho State University acquires, preserves, and makes accessible research materials that document the historical, cultural, and folk life experience of Southeast Idaho, the Intermountain West, and the history of Idaho State University.

WEB LINK

The National Archives at Seattle

We maintain and provide access to permanent records created by Federal agencies and courts in the following states: Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington

WEB LINK

Digital Atlas of Idaho

Idaho's natural history online. One Digital Location for Geography, History, and the natural history of Idaho. Project funded by the Idaho State Board of Education Technology Initiative Grants.

WEB LINK

Atlas of the Pacific Northwest: 2019 Edition

Since 1953, the Atlas of the Pacific Northwest has been an invaluable reference for Northwesterners and newcomers alike—an authoritative portrait of the region. Nine editions have been released by OSU Press, the most recent in 2003 (currently out of print). This 2019 edition is the second to be released in a digital, fully-interactive format, designed to highlight facets of the Pacific Northwest landscape with novel approaches to data presentation. Where previous editions of the atlas were designed to ask and answer questions, this atlas serves as a platform for the geographically curious to explore the region, providing as many critical questions as it does critical answers.

WEB LINK

 

Last updated: 2022-10-16